I ■'i CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. BY FREDERICK ROSS, (Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and Member of the English Dialect Society) Author of " the progress of civilization," "life behind the counter," "two ways of making a fortune,'' etc.; and joint author of " a glossary of avords used in holderness in the east riding of yorkshire." LONDON : TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL. DRIFFIELD : T. HOLDERNESS, "OBSERVER" OFFICE. 1878. ^ PREFACE. ~ Every district of country lias its Heroes and Men of Renown; its Divines, Philosophers, and Poets — a line ex- ^ tending backward, until lost in the misty haze of the remote ^ past. Of the gi-eater mimber of these, existing generations have but vague and shadowy conceptions ; some are only known to the Antiquary oi' Local To})ogi'a})her, whilst of others there I'emains a mere name and nothins more. Fre- quently will their names crop up in reading or conversation, when curiosity is excited to know something about them, and it is often only after a search through half a score volumes that the desired information can be found, whilst, in many cases, nothing whatever can be ascertained from the resources of a private or even a public pro\dncial library. It is only in the great National Collections, such as those of the British Museum and the Bodleian Libraries, that materials — at times enskrined in costly, rare, and even unique books — can be gathered, wherewith to construct a History of these forgotten Worthies. From such sources has emanated much of the matter contained in the pages of the little 7i7Sr>i 4 PREFACE. volume now presented to the public. Nothing is attempted beyond a mere compilation, and the sketches are little more than outlines, so as to bring the cost within the reach of all. The compiler believes that in the main, the facts and dates are approximately, if not absolutely, accurate ; and he trusts that there are not any errors of sufl&cient magnitude to mar the usefulness of the work as a Handy Book of Reference to the Celebrities of the Yorkshu-e Wolds. London, 1877. THE YORKSHIEE WOLDS. The tract of country so called (formerly York Wold), is situated in the East Eiding of the County, and consists of ranges of chalk hills with intervening depressions, extending from Flambrough Head towards Pocklington and Market Weighton, and sloping down hence to the Humber near Welton ; and from the north of Beverley to Malton, whence commences the rise of the more elevated hills of Cleveland. Many of the higher points command magnificent prospects — eastward, of the German ocean, Flambrough Head and Lighthouse, and the Priory Church of Bridlington ; north- westward, of the vale of York and York Minster; southward, of the flat expanse of Holderness, the majestic Humber, Beverley Minster and the churches of Hull and Hedon. Wold is a Saxon word, signifying a treeless, bleak, unpro • tected upland ; and such were the characteristic features of the district until the present century, when it was brought under cultivation and planted to some extent with trees ; the earliest improvers being Sir Christopher Sykes, Bart., Humphrey Osbaldeston, of Hunmanby, and Major Edward Topham, of Wold Cottage. The multitude of Barrows and Tumuli, scattered over the hills, indicate a numerous population at a very remote period, reaching far down into the pre-historic ages, when the use of metal was unknown, and sharpened flints supplied weapons of war and agricultural implements. In the British era it formed a portion of the kingdom of the Brigantes ; under the Romans, of the province of Maxima Csesarensis ; and under the Saxons and Danes, of the kingdom <?t Northumbria,^ 6 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. being situated during the frequent disruptions of that king- dom, in Deira, the southern portion. In the British period it was unquestionably the home of numerous tribes, although the mass of the population would be gathered in the oak groves of the lowlands round Llyn- yr-avanc (Beverley) where they celebrated their mystic rites on the site of Beverley Minster. Doubtless many of the sepulchral mounds scattered over the Wolds cover the remains of chieftains and heroes of the Brigantian race, — celebrities of the Wolds, of whom we have no record ; and it seems to be highly probable that the mysterious monolith, which stands in silent solitary dignity, in Eudston church-yard, telling not of its origin, was up- raised by this people some two or three thousand years ago. Over its hills and valleys the Romans constructed one of their wonderful military roads, from Eboracum, the capital, where Emperors were born and died, to the seaport of Bridlington, or Filey, a portion of which may still be seen near Sledmere. After the departure of the Eomans from Britain, the Yorkshire Wolds witnessed many a fierce conflict ; first between the Britons and the Picts, who made continual forays over the Eoman wall ; then with the Saxon freebooters, who landed on the East coast ; and afterwards between that people and the Danish Vikings, one of whose chief landing places was Flambrough, where they established a camp, by digging a trench and throwing up earthworks across the peninsula, which still exist, now popularly called Danes' Dykes.* Multitudes of the heroes of these battles occupy the Barrows of the Wolds. The common soldiers would * Knox, in his East Yorkshire, says Danes' Dyke is a misnomer, and that in his oi)inion the entrenchments were thrown up by the Brigantes, either as a defence against the Romans, or, after their departure, against the Saxons, or possibly by the latter people against the Danish Vikings, but adduces no argument in support of his assertion. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 7 probably be buried promiscuously, or left to rot on the surface ; and the honour of a tumulus accorded only to the leading warriors. Four miles north of Driffield, in a secluded grove, four acres in extent, are some two hund- red mounds, called Danes' Graves, some of which were opened in 1849, and found to contain each one skeleton alone ; thus proving that only the leaders were so interred. In 1846 and 1849 a large tumulus was opened at Driffield, which belongs to this era; and was exceedingly rich in weapons and ornaments, with several skeletons ; one only being a female. During one period of the Heptarchy the Northumbrian Kings had a palace cr castle at Driffield, and round it would, most probably, be a clustering of the residences of Earls, Thegns, and other appanages of a Court. Where it was located is not known, but most likely at, or in the vicinity of. Little Driffield, where King Alchfrid lies buried. The sturdy independence of the Northumbrians was the last to submit to the Norman Conqueror ; and even after yielding a reluctant submission, repeated insurrections broke out in favour of Eadgar the Atheling, which resulted in the barbarous but politic measure of King William, of desolating sixty miles of country north of the Humber, slaying the inhabitants, and burning the villages, farmsteads, and crops ; leaving a howling wilderness where had formerly been smiling landscapes. Owing to the interposition of St. John, a Woldsman, Beverley escaped ; the Saint having stricken dead a sacrilegious Norman soldier who attempted to enter his monastery, when the superstitious King, fearing the further wrath of the defunct Prelate, gave orders that Beverley should not be molested ; but the Wolds most likely participated in the savage butchery accorded to the Northum- brian rebels ; and from that time, until quite recently, they were left with a scanty population, who obtained the means of subsistence by pasturing a few sheep on the bleak hill sides. Cox, (1720) says "The chorography of this division will be but short, because these barren mountains are not 8 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. mucli inhabited. The fee of this division, if it be a Bailiwick, is in the crowu, and is governed by the Sheriff and his offi- cers. It hath no Market Town in it and but a few villages." Marshall, in "The Eural Economy of Yorkshire, 1788" says " Should the day arrive when the higher swells [of the Wolds] shall be crowned with wood, and the intervening vales be covered with living fences, forming enclosures of eight or ten acres, the climate will be rendered some degrees of latitude more congenial than it is at present; and the produce be increased in a duplicate ratio." Cooke, in the beginning of the present century, writes, "The climate of the Wolds is severe ; the winds, as they sweep over the plain and unbroken surface, being extremely violent and penetrating .... Still the Wolds are healthy, and the most grass is produced in the driest summers ; but when the crops are exposed to the sea fogs they are usually small, and the grass thick-skinned and coarse. The houses of this county [the East Biding] are generally good, except upon the Wolds, where the materials are indifferent. The old buildings are composed of chalk stone, with mud instead of lime mortar, and covered with thatch Many farms are found of £20 and £50 per annum, and a farm of £200 per annum is of a respectable size .... The old-fashioned foot plough has continued too much in use, being a clumsy, heavy, ill-formed implement. " Since then immense improvements have been introduced : some of the largest and best-cultivated farms in the county being found on the Wolds. Science has been introduced into farm operations ; steam has been enlisted into the service of the farmer ; villages have grown up ; and Driffield, the capital, is rapidly rising in population and importance ; Education is spreading, and Literature fostered in the towns and villages ; and there cannot be a doubt but that, in a few years, a con- siderable addition may be made to the Hst of the ' ' Celebrities of the Wolds. " CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. LORDS OF THE MANOR OF DRIFFIELD. " Drifield, a village about 16 myles from Kyngston upon Humber ; whear Ealfride, some tyme Kinge of Northumber- land, had a house and dyed. Leland sayeth this was in Little Drifield, at whiche place also the thre braunches of the Humber mete and runne to Hull." So wrote Lambarde, " Diet. Ang. Topog.," in 1730. During the Saxon era Driffield appears to have been a place of some importance, and a royal residence, where the learned and estimable Alchfrid, King of Northumbria, held his court, and banqueted with his Nobles ; and where he was brought to die, after receiving his death-wound at the hands of the Picts. When lying on his death-bed he granted a charter to the town, for holding four fairs annually. In the year 1784, search was made in the church of Little Driffield, by a party of gentlemen, for the relics of the King, but without discovering anything whatever. Nevertheless, it was stated and published that a deputation from the Society of Antiquaries came to Driffield to make search for his burial place, who, " on Tuesday, the 20th Sep., entered the church with proper assistants, to be directed to the identical spot, by a secret history. After digging some time, they found a stone coffin, and on opening the same discovered an entire skeleton of that great and pious Prince, together with most part of his steel armour, the remainder of which had probably been corroded by rust and length of time. After satisfying their curiosity, the coffin was closed, as well as the grave, that evervthing might remain in the same state as when found." This apochryphal narative found its way into most of the subsequent Topographies of Yorkshire, but it was altogether 10 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. untrue and was nothing more than a hoax, put forth to test the credulity of antiquaries. After the conquest Driffield appears to have sunk down to a mere village, and Kilham became the chief town of the Wolds, with a market and fairs for grain and wool. There are many remains of the foundations of extensive build- ings about Kilham, which shew that at one time it has been a place of much greater importance than now. The decline of the town is attributable to the more favourable situation of Driffield for trade, and perchance to the greater enterprise of the Driffield people ; which have transferred the trade to the latter town and made it what it now is — the Capital of the Wolds. Leland, who made an Itinerary of Yorkshire in the 16th century, writes, " The Hulne riseth of three seueral heads, whereof the greatest is not far from Driffield, now a small village, sixteen miles fro Hull. Certes it hath been a goodlie towne, and therein was the Palace of Egbright, King of the Northumbers, and place of Sepulture of Alfred, the noble King, sometime of that nation, who died there 727, the 19th Cal. of Julie, the twentith of his reign, and whose tombe doeth yet remaine (for ought that I doe knows to the contrarie) with an inscription upon the same written in Latine letters." Driffield remained a village until the present century ; containing in 1801 only 1315 inhabitants, increased in ten years to 1857; since which time the population has been quadrupled, and is still progressing, Avith the establishment of manufactories connected with agriculture, a well-attended market, and railway and canal communication with all parts of the kingdom ; giving promise of becoming, in a few years, a large and important town. In the reigns of Edward the Confessor and Harold II., the Manor of Driffield formed part of the vast possessions of Morkere, Viceroy Earl of Northumbria, who also held Mar- ket- Weighton, Pocklington, Pickering and its castle, Warter, CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. ll Kilnsea in Hoklerness, &c. He was son of JElfger, who was a younger son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and his mother was Ml&gu. He was of Danish descent ; and, with his brother, Eadwine, Earl of Mercia, played an important part in the annals of England, at the period of the Conquest. The Vice- royalty of Northumbria had been held from its establishment, in 945, by a native race, the descendants of Oswulf, Lord of Bamborough, until the death of Siward, 1055, when it was given by King Eadwarde to To^ti, a younger son of Earl Godwin and brother of Harold II. ; but the hatred of the Northumbrians to a foreign ruler and the tyranny of the Earl caused the Nobles to revolt ; who called a Gemot at York, which formally deposed Tosti and elected Morkere in his place. This act of a local Gemot was illegal, depositions and appointments vesting in the King, with the sanction of the national Gemot ; and Eadwine sent Harold with an army to put down the revolt and replace Tosti. But when Harold heard the particulars of his brother's cruelty and misgovern- ment, he returned to the King, and recommended him to confirm the proceedings of the York Gemot, which was done. But Harold, by this act of justice, incurred the hatred of his brother, who, after he ascended the throne, invaded England, in conjunction with Harald Hardrada, king of Norway ; and defeated Earls Morkere and Eadwine, at Eulford; which induced Harold to march into the north, and fight the battle of Stamford Bridge ; where he signally defeated the invaders. When celebrating his victory, at a banquet in York, news reached the king of the landing of the Norman Duke, in Sussex ; whom he had to meet with an army lessened in numbers by the recent battle, and wearied with the hurried march from York ; and the result was his defeat and death. Had it not been for the invasion of Tosti the subsequent history of England might have been altogether different. Harold left orders with the brother Earls to follow him with a northern contingent, but they lingered by the way, to shape their measures according to events, and arrived in 12 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. London only to hear of the death of the King. They attended the Westminster Gemot, assembled to decide on the successor to the throne, when they put forward the claims of the house of Leofric ; but the decision was in favour of the Atheling. When the question was discussed about raising a fresh army to oppose Duke William they declined having anything to do with it, and returned to the north. After the entire sub- jugation of the south the two Earls maintained a sort of in- dependence ; the one in Mercia, the other in Northumbria. They afterwards joined in the insurrections of Gospatric, in favour of Eadger, which were so ruthlessly put down by the new king. Morkere escaped, fled to Hereward, in the "Camp of Refuge," where he was afterwards captured, and sent to perpetual imprisonment, in Normandy, and all his estates confiscated. The Manor of Driffield was given, by the Conqueror, to his nephew, Hugh de Abrinci, a notable Norman warrior, who came to England in the train of his uncle, and had a grant also of Whitby, which he disposed of to William de Percy. He was created Earl of Chester, 1070 ; married Erementrude, daughter of the Earl of Bevois, in France ; lived a gay and dissipated life when young, and in atonement retired in old age to the abbey of St. Werburge, where he died, 1101. Richard, his only legitimate son, succeeded as second Earl ; married Maud, daughter of Stephen, Earl of Blois, and was drowned, with his wife, in the memorable shipwreck of the Blanche Nef, along with the children of King Henry I. Dying issueless, the Earldom and estates passed to his cousin, Eauulph de Meschines, son of Maud, fourth daughter of Hugh, first Earl. He died 1126; was succeeded by his son, Eanulph, surnamed de Gernons, who at first sided with the Empress against Stephen, then treach- erously went over to the King, and died under excommuni- cation, 1153. Hugh, his son, a conspirator against Henry II., died 1181, leaving an only son, Eanulph, surnamed Blandevil, who was a staunch adherent of King John, in his CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 13 contest with the Barons, and died issueless, 1231, his posses- sions falling to his sisters and co-heiresses and their issue. John Scott, son of David, Earl of Huntingdon, brother of William the Lion, King of Scotland, by Maud, daughter of Hugh de Meschines, third Earl, succeeded to the Earldom and the Co. Palatine of Cheshire, also to the Manor of Drif- field, and died 1244, poisoned, it was suspected, by his wife, Helen, daughter of Llewellyn, Prince of Wales. Dying issueless, his sisters became his co-heiresses, but Henry HI., thinking it not desirable that a Dominion to which pertained Eegal privileges should be held by women, seized Cheshire, and gave them other lands in exchange. Driffield passed to Christian, who married William de Eortibus, third Earl of Albemarle and Lord of Holderness, but dying issueless it was inherited by her sister, Helen, who married Eoger de Quincy, second Earl of Winchester, who left three daughters: — Margaret, who married William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby ; Elizabeth, who married the Earl of Buchan ; and Ela, who married Alan, Baron Zouch of Ashby, but which of them succeeded to Driffield is not known. The Prebend of Driffield, York Cathedral, has been held by many distinguished men, among whom were the following : John, Eoman Cardinal and Vice-Chancellor to the Pope, 1317-29. Guncelinus, "Episcopus Albanensis Cardinalis." circa 1333—43. Hugh, Eoman Cardinal, 1363—72. Lewis, Eoman Cardinal, 1386 — 7. Nicholas de Bubbcwith, 140r2 — 6. A very eminent man, born at Bub with, near Howden, about the middle of the 14th century, and died at Wells, 1424, where he was buried in a chapel of the Cathedral, which he had built for that puz-pose. He commenced life as a Clerk in Chancery, the usual stepping- stone to preferment in Church and State, becoming succes- sively Prebendary of Wolvey, Diocese of Lichfield, 1396 — 7 ; Prebendary of Offley, Diocese of Lichfield, 1397—1406; Arch- 14 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. deacon of Exeter, 1399—9 ; ArcMeacon of Dorset, 1400—6 ; Archdeacon of Eichmond, 1401, which office he held only two days; Prebendary of Driffield, 1401-2-6 ; Prebendary of Tame, Diocese of Lincoln, 1403—6 ; Bishop of London, 1406 — 7 ; Bishop of Salisbury, by Papal provision, 1407 — 7 ; Bishop of Bath and Wells, by Papal Bull, 1408—24. Holder also of the following Offices of State : — Eeceiver of Petitions to Parliament ; Master of the Polls, 1402-5 ; Lord Treasurer of England, 1408—24 ; and Keeper of the Privy Seal. In 1415 he was one of the Prelates summoned to Pome, to assist the Cardinals in the Papal Election, when Martin V., whom he opposed, was chosen; and the same year attended the Council of Constance, when John Huss and Jerome of Prague were condemned to the flames. He is described as having been "discreet, provident, circumspect, and charitable, feeding twenty-four poor men and women daily." He built, at his own expense, the north tower and western front of Wells cathedral ; also, a chantry and chapel ; and gave to the estab- lishment a magnificent library ; founding a hospital as well, in the city; all "with his armes fixed up in diuers places." William Percy, 1451—2; Bishop of Carlisle, 1452—62. William Grey, 1 452 — 54 ; Archdeacon of Eichmond, 1449'50— 54; Bishop of Ely, 1454—78; Lord Treasurer, 1469. James Stanley, 1460—1506; Archdeacon of Eichmond, 1500—6; Dean of St. Martin's, London ; Bishop of Ely, 1506—14-5. The Prebend was held, 1485, by Wm. Beverley, who was also Precentor of York, when Archbishop Scott de Eotherham annexed it to that office, in augmentation of the stipend, and it consequently merged in that dignity. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 15 ACEBOENE, or ACHOENE, Vix. temjx Athelsiane, A Danish or Saxon Thegn, resident on the Wolds, at a period when that portion of the County of York was an open upland, thinly populated, uncultivated, and infested by wolves, which attacked travellers, and frequently tore them to pieces. As some sort of protection, Aceborne, a charitable kind-hearted man, erected, at Flixton, a house to serve as a refuge, to which wayfarers might fly when attacked, and placed therein fourteen brothers and sisters, under the government of an Ealderman, to succour the fugitives, much in the same manner as the monks of St. Bernard render aid to travellers in the Alpine pass, endow- ing it with lands in Flixton and the adjoining hamlet of Eolkton, with pasture run for twenty-four cows and a bull. King Henry VI., 25 Eeg., confirmed the brethren and sisters in their lands and rights, and named the Hospital "Carman's Spittle;" why is not known ; at which time it was usual for the Vicar of Folkton to celebrate mass in the chapel, on the feast of St. Andrew, and grant indulgences to all who attended the service. A farm house, bearing the name of "Spital" now stands on the site, and the land which belonged to the hospital still retains the name of "Wolf-land." ACHAEDUS, Vix. Hen I., A Canon of Bridlington Priory, a learned man, author of .•some works not now extant. ADDI, EAEL, NOETH BUETON, (NOW CHEEEY BUETON,) Vix. 685, A Saxon noble, of great piety, the intimate friend of St. 16 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. John, of Beverley, who made a grant of the village of North J3urton to the monastery at Beverley ; built a church at North Burton, and a chapel in the neighbourhing village of Scorbro'. When the church was completed St. John went to perform the ceremony of consecration ; and when that was over accompanied the Earl to his mansion, to partake of the consecration banquet. Before sitting down he was requested to visit one of the Earl's servants, who was paralysed and lay at the point of death. He found the young man speechless, with his coffin by his bedside, as was then usual, when recovery was hopeless. The Archbishop stretched his hands over the afflicted youth, gave him his blessing, and added the words "May you recover." The Earl and his guests then sat down to the feast, and were presently sur- prised by a message from the sick man, requesting a cup of wine. The Saint blessed a goblet of liquor, which the paralysed man drank, and immediately afterwards felt strength return to his limbs and health to his body, and leaping from his bed he dressed himself, went down to the banqueting hall, and saluted the Earl and the Archbishop, when he was invited to sit down at the table and make merry with them. Such is the narrative as given by Bede, in his "Ecclesi- astical History," on the authority of Berthun, Abbot of Beverley. ALCHFEID, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA, Oh. 705. In the year 547, Ida, an Anglican Viking, from the shores of the Baltic, landed at Flambrough, at a period when the Northern Britons, abandoned by their protectors, the Romans, were enfeebled by the repeated incursions of CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 17 the ferocious Picts, from beyond the Eoman wall of defence, which stretched across the island, but which proved to be no defence at all, when it was no longer manned by the disciplined Legions of the Tiber, and he was enabled to establish himself on the islind, and found the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria ; which extended, east and west, from sea to sea, and, north and south, from the Tweed to the number ; sometimes stretching northward as far as the Forth, where King Eadwine built a fort, round which a town sprung up, called Eadwinsburgh — now Edinburgh. A few years after, iElla, his kinsman, sailed up the Humber, and reft from him the southern portion of his dominions, from the Tees southward ; and established his head quarters at yEllastown (Elloughton), near the modern Hull. His name is perpetuated also in the neighbouring villages of East Ella, West Ella, Ellerker, Ellerton, and Ellerby. Ida was too much occupied in keeping in sub- jection the Britons and opposing the incursions of the Picts to march against the invader of his territory in the south ; and at his death was only able to leave the northern portion, from the Tees to the Tweed, which was called Eernicia, to his son yEthelfrith, whilst ^lla retained that portion called Deira. In after times the two were alternately one or separate and distinct kingdoms ; when united bearing the name of Northumbria. When ^Ua died, his son Eadwine was a child, and ujEthelfrith usurped the crown of Deira, the young Prince being conveyed beyond his reach by his guardians. He wandered about for several years an exile, until Redwald, king of East Anglia, took up his cause, and invaded the dominions of ^thelfrith,who was slain in battle, and Eadwine placed upon the throne of Northumbria. Eadwine was the first christian Saxon king of the north, and the patron of Paulinus, but was slain in battle by Penda, the pagan king of Mercia, who had vowed to ex- tirpate the heresy of Christianity from the island, and 18 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Paulinus, with the Queen and young Princes, fled to the kingdom of Kent. Osric I., son of .^Ifric, Ead wine's uncle, succeeded to Deira, and Eanfrid to Bernicia, who were both slain in battle, 634, by Cadwallon, the Welsh king, and ally of Penda. St. Oswald, the restorer of Christianity, the second son of ./Ethelfrith and brother of Eanfrid, succeeded to the entire kingdom ; but he also was slain in battle by Penda ; it is supposed at Oswestry, which took its name from that circumstance. Oswy, a natural son of .^i^thelfrith, and brother of Oswald, succeeded to Bernicia; and Oswine, son of Oslac, to Deira. Oswy murdered Oswine, becoming thus king of Northum- bria ; and defeated the incorrigible old pagan, Penda, who had again invaded Northumbria, in the battle of Winwin- field, in which the Mercian king fell. Oswy is famous also as having presided at the great synod at Whitby, where the vexed questions of the time and mode of celebrating Easter, the tonsure, and other matters, which the adherents of Rome and those of the old British Christianity were quarrelling ovei^, much in the fashion of modern rival christian sects, were settled. After a prosperous and glorious reign of twenty-eight years, blotted, however, by the foul murder of Oswine, Oswy died, leaving, with other children, Alchfrid, or ^Ifrid, illegitimately born, and Ecgfrid, his eldest son by his queen. At the time of the death of Oswine, Alchfrid was a bold energetic and ambitious young man, and per- suaded his father, partly by menaces, to place him, as his co-adjutor, on the throne of Deira. He desired to be absolute king, but Oswy refused to place him thereon in any other capacity than that of viceroy, which office he held until his father's death, 670, when he hoped to succeed as king of Northumbria ; but the nobles objected to the bar sinister, and Ecgfrid, his younger brother, was elected, when Alchfrid was deposed from Deira, or deemed it prudent to expatriate himself. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 19 Hitherto, he had devoted himself to Politics and the usual athletic sports of the time ; but now he went to Ireland — the seat of learning and light — and spent fifteen years at the feet of the best teachers, in the assiduous study of Theology, Philosophy, Science, and General Literature, eventually becoming one of the most learned and accomp- lished scholars of the age, as did his namesake, ^Ifrid of Wessex, a century afterwards ; and at a time when few, even of the priesthood, could write their names. Ecgfrid died, 686, when the Northumbrians, having heard of his accomplishments, re-called Alchfi-id and placed him on the vacant throne. He governed his people nineteen years, with gi-eat vigour and wisdom, encouraged learning, patronized ecclesiastics of merit, established chm-ches and monasteries, and placed the secular affaii-s of his kingdom on a firm basis. He was the friend of Wilfrid, by whom he had been educated at Ripon, and bestowed upon him the miti-e of York ; but that seventh century Becket, encroaching upon the royal prerogative, was banished by him and fled to Kome, making complaint at the feet of the Holy Father, John VII., who sent him back, with a missive, peremptorily ordering Alclifiid to reinstate him. The time, however, was not yet come when kings trembled at pajjal frowns, and the King bi^avely replied, " You bring a writing, from the Apostolic Seat, as you choose to term it, couched in dictatorial terms, to me, the King of Northumbria; but I wish you to understand that I do not alter my course of conduct at the dictation of a foreign priest ; nor do I render obedience to any writing, whether from the Apostolic Seat or elsewhere." At this time Driffield was a somewhat important place, situate near the Roman road from York to Filey ; and the multitude of burial-mounds in its vicinity indicate a con- siderable population, then or previously. This spot was 20 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. chosen as a place of residence by some of the Northumbrian kings ; and here Alchfrid had a castle or mansion, the site of which has not been identified, where he kept coiu't with his nobles and wamors, and held gatherings of the literati of his time. His death is involved in mystery, there being conflicting narratives ; but the most probable appears to be that the Picts had descended into Northumbria, and penetrated as far south as Scarborough, and that he met them in battle at the village of Ebberston ; where, after an obstinate conflict, he was wounded, crept into a cave for refuge, whence he was conveyed to Drifiield, and there died. Tradition points out the spot where the battle was fought, by the name of " Bloody Field ;" and the cave of refuge is still called "Ilfrid's Hole." He was bm-ied in Little Drifiield Church ; and although search has been made for his grave, which was reported to have been discovered in 1784, it has not been identified. As a political act, he mamed Kyneburga, a daughter of Penda, and had issue a son, Osred, who succeeded him, and was slain in an insurrection of his subjects, at Winander- mere, 716. In the church of Little Drifiield have been placed two inscriptions in modem times. Fii^st : " In the chancel of this church lie the remains of Alfred, King of Northumbria, who departed this life in tlie year 705." The present one runs thus : WITHIN THIS CHANCEL LIES INTERRED THE BODY OF ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBERLAND, WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE JANUARY 19tH, A. D. 705, IN THE 20tH tear OF HIS REIGN. 8TATUTUM EST OMNIBUS SEMIL MORI. During the Heptarchy, Northumbria was the only king- CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 21 dom which possessed both a silver and a copper coinage. The silver coins were the sceatta and the penny. The earliest sceatta known, of which there exists an unique specimen, was coined by Alchfi-id, at York. Formerly there was considerable doubt relative to its identity ; but it is now unhesitatingly ascribed, by all numismatitians, to this Saxon monarch. There is also in existence a single specimen of the co])per styca, a coin peculiar to Northumbria, of the same king, bearing on its obverse his name and a cross, and on the reverse a rude figure of a four-footed animal. See an elaborate Paper on the York Mint, by Robert Davies, in " Proceedings of the Yorkshii'e Philosophical Society," vol. 1, p. 191. ANDERSON, EDWARD, POET. Ob. 18—. Thomas Anderson, his grandfather, was a farmer, at Cottam, where his ancestors had held the same farm two hundred years. In 1661 he removed to East Lutton, on the Wolds ; was twice married ; had nine children by his first wife and six by his second, whom he married at the age of sixty-one, dying 1744, aged eighty- three years. Robert, his eldest son, by his second wife, married Eliza Robson, had seventeen children, and died at the age of seventy-thi'ee. Edward, his son, was brought up a shepherd, and wrote " The Mvise oft Charmed me when a Lad ;" but at an early age went to sea ; and, after a few voyages, retired into Westmoreland, "admiiing still a country life." Soon after he was subpoenaed to London, as a witness, on a trial relative to the scuttling of an insiu-ed ship, when, although "They thought a honest Yorkshireman was fond," he gave his evidence in so straightforward a manner that 22 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. he was complimented for it, and got an appointment as captain of a ship trading to Lisbon. In 1797 he was captured by a French frigate, and made a prisoner of war. On obtaining his liberty he returned to Yorkshire, settled down at Filey, married, joined the "VVesleyans, and became a local preacher. He was author of "The Sailor^ a poem, descriptive of Fisher Life at Filey and the Natural Objects of the Shore ;" a poem somewhat doggerel in style of composition, but very popular, as is evident by the fact of a 14th edition having been published, in Hull, in 1872. BELL, REV. JOHN R, D.D., RECTOR OF SAINTON, 17 1833, Of St. John's College, Oxford ; B.A., 1780 ; M.A., 1784 ; B.D., 1789 ; D.D., 1797. Author of : "Fugitive Pieces," 17 — . [A volume of poems, privately printed, now very scarce.] " A New Pantheon : or Historical Dictionary of the Gods, Demi- gods, Heroes, and Fabulous Persons of Antiquity ; of the Images adored in the Pagan World, with their Temples, Priests, Festivals, Games, etc." 2 vols., London, 1790, plates ; Edinburgh, .3 vols., 1806, 1806, 1807, 160 plates. " The Wanderings of the Human Intellect : or a New Dictionary of the various Sects into which the Christian Religion has been divided ; with an impartial Discussion of the merits of their respective claims to Orthodoxy. To which is prefixed an Introductory Essay on Universal History, from the His- torical Discourse of Dr. Pluquet, in his Dictionary of all Religions." 1814. " Lectures on the Church Catechism : originally written for the private use of the Parishioners of Sainton." 1816. " Six Sermons on the Liturgy of the Established Church and the necessity of receiving Sacrament." York, 1819. "Thirteen Sermons on the History of the Old Testament, preach- ed in the Parish Church of Bainton, Yorkshire." 1823. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 23 BEST, HENRY, ELMSWELL ; AUTHOR OF "THE FARMING BOOK." Oh. 1645. Richard Best, of Middleton Quernhow, Wath, near Ripon, who died 1581-2, left issue (by two wives), Henry and James. Hemy was a scrivener, in London, who purchased Elmswell (which had formerly been gi-anted by King William II. to St. Mary's Abbey, York), for j£ 2,000, and sold it to his brother James, of Hutton Cranswick, for £2,050 and a fee farm rent of £29 7s. Od James had issue, Paul and Henry, the former, who died s. p. 1657, succeeding to Elmswell, and selling the manor to his brother Henry, 1G18, for .£2,200, in whose family it remained a couple of centuries, and was sold by the Rev. Francis Best, who died ccel. 1844, Rector of South Dal ton, to William Joseph Dennison, for £42,500, who devised it to his nephew, Albert Conyngham, afterwards Lord Londesborough. Henry, who purchased the manor, 1618, died 1668-9, having married Mary, daughter of John LaAvi-ence, of the comity of Essex, by whom he had issvie, Jolm, who succeeded to ElmsweU. This Hemy was the writer of " The Farming Book," a very curious work, giving some most interesting details of Wold farming, pj-ices of prodiice, wages of laboui', rents of farms, and the social life of the district a couple of centuries ago. It was published by the Surtees Society, Durham, 1857, entitled "Rm^al Economy in Yorkshu-e in 1641, being the Farming and Account Book of Hemy Best, of Elmswell, in the East-Riding of the county of York. Edited by C. Best Robinson, University College (of Snaith), with Appendices of the Account Book of H. B., a Genealogy of the Best Family, and a Glossary." The chapters are headed — On Sheepe — how to know Tuppes from Wethers — on greasin Lambes — for selling of Woll, etc. — Du-ections for 24 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. cutting Grasse and Tiftin of Hay — of Harvest work — for mowinge of Haver [oats]— for traylinge of the sweath-rake [after the mower] — for eizinge of a wall, &c. — Bees and how to order them — for Destroying of Robbers from amongst Bees, &c. — The Manner or Forme of a Distingas or Levy — For Marketing, with a List of the chief fayers hereabouts — other short Remembrances, concerning our Fashions at ovir Country weddings — for providing Heck-stowers — for break- ing of Wilfes and Saughs, &c. — for Letting Farmes and Cottages — For Hyi-ing of Servantes — observations concem- inge Beastes, &c. "At the Little Driffield "Whitsuntide fayer the men of Nafferton and Lowthorpe come with clubbes, to keep good order and rule the faire, and have a piper to play before them. At the Little Driffield Easter faire and at Brandes- burton and Weeton St Hellen's ffayres, handsome lean beastes, lean weathers, and old ewes have a very good vent, being bought by Holderness men, for stockinge their pasture grounds. The Beverley gi^eat ffayre begins aboute the 7th of May, but look in your kalender for John Beverley, and it begynneth alwayes on that daye; thither the Londoners sende their wares by water, and thither come the Yorke Grocers, &c. Most of this side doe use to drape out the worste of theire lambes and send to Pocklington Faii'e. I have knowne 4 Lambes sold for lid. and the seller gave the buyer a penny again." In one part of the book, instructions are given how to trim sheep to make them appear better when they are for "ffiiyres." The rent of farms in the manor were : Laybome, eight oxgangs, £16 ; Skelton, six oxgangs, £16 ; Lynsley, six oxgangs, £12 ; and Westhouse, four oxgangs, £16. There is a difference of opinion as to what an oxgang comprehended ; when Driffield was enclosed it was reckoned as twenty-four acres but was only twenty. The wages he paid were : Hay Mowers, 1 Od. a day, to CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 25 meat themselves; in harvest, Mowers, lOd. ; Outliggers, Binders and Stookers, 8d. ; women, 6d. per day; and Sweath- rake Trailers (boys), 2 2d. per week ; 2d. per score for washing sheep, and 4d, per score for clipping, with a groat's worth of ale, bread, cheese and a cheesecake, at noon, and a substantial dinner of five or six services of which one was invariably a leg of roast mutton. The prices realized for produce were : Oats, 14s. ; Barley, 22s. ; cleane Bye, 27s. 6d. ; Dodd-read-masseldine, 29s. 6d. ; cleane dodd-reade wheat, 30s. ; and Best white wheat, 35s. per quarter, Woll fetched 8s. per stone, besides 12d. earnest; and Bvitter, sold either by pownde or cake, varied from 3d. to 5d. per pownde, according to the time of year. BEVEBLEY, ST. JOHN OF. Oh. 721. This bright luminary of the Anglo-Saxon Church was born at Harpham, of noble parentage, about the middle of the seventh centvuy, and died in his monastery, at Beverley. He was educated at Whitby, under the Abbess Hilda, the nursing-mother of many an ilkistrious churchman; after- wards under Archbishop Theodore ; and completed his education at Oxford, wh^re he graduated M.A. and D.D., having been, it is supposed, the first on whom the degree of M.A. was conferred. On the death of Eata he was elected Bishop of Hagulstadt (Hexham), and whilst there had the venerable Bede for liis pupU. In 705, he was promoted to the Archbishopric of York, succeeding Bosa, and ruled the see with prudence, judgment, and piety, untU 717, when he resigned, and retii-ed to spend the remaiader of his days in acts of devotion and ministering to the wants of the afflicted, in his monastery of Beverley, where he died four years after. 26 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Eminent as he was in learning, becoming one of the firsfc scholars of his age, he was equally so for his gentle and amiable character and his sincere piety ; which manifested itself in his rigid adherence to monastic rules and his practice of set times of devotion, with fasting and fleshly self-denial ; yet was he withal a true Yorkshireman in his love of horsemanship and passion for witnessing horse-races. During life he is said to have performed many wonderful mii'acles, notably those of Earl Puch's wife of South Burton, and of a servant of Earl Addi, of North Biuix)n, near Beverley, and after his death other miracles were wrought at his tomb of so unquestionable a character that Pope Benedict IX. canonized him. He was buried in the porch of his monastery, at Beverley, but Archbishop ^Ifric translated his relics to the Minster, placing them in a golden shrine, which in after time became a perfect blaze of gems, from the gifts of devotees. In 1416, the Synod of London directed his festival to be kept annually, and not once but thrice a year, when his relics were carried with reverential ceremonial thi-ough the sti'eets of Beverley, followed by the principal bvu'ghers in procession, bare-footed and fasting. Athelstane, when marching northward, 934, against Con- stantino of Scotland and the Northumbrian Rebels, spent a night in Beverley, prostrate before his tomb, imploring his aid, and took thence his banner from the chuix-h, to be borne before him in battle, leaving his dagger on the altar, as a pledge, which, if successful, he promised to redeem with princely gifts. He came up with the enemy at Brunnaburgh, and on the eve of the battle had a vision of St. John, who promised him victory. The next day he completely routed his foes, retxu'ned to Beverley, and made many valuable gifts to the monastery and a charter of pri\'ileges and immunities to the church and town, commencing : " Als free mak I thee As hert may tliinke or egh may see." CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 27 His sacred banner was also carried, along with those of St. Peter, of York, and St. Wilfrid, of llipon, attached to a mast or standard, fixed on a waggon, at the battle of the Standard ; whence its name. It was also canied by Edward I., in his Scottish wars. On the day of Agincourt, his tomb was reported to have sweated blood, and })opular rumour ascribed the victory to his supernatural assistance ; Hemy V. and his Queen coming afterwards to worship at his tomb, in gi-atitude for the aid he rendered in the battle. In 704, he founded a college for Secular Canons at Inderawood (Beverley) endowing it with lands at Middleton, Welwick, Bilton, and Patrington. There had been a church previously there, which was destroyed, 450, by Hengist and Horsa, which he re-edified ; he built also the oratory of St. Martin ; established a nunnery ; and made his scholar, Brithune or Berthun, the fii'st Prior of his monastery. He ended his life within its walls, and one himdred and sixty- four years after his death the building was destroyed by the Danes ; but was re-established ; found many benefactors, notably in King Edward the Confessor ; and flourished as a centre of light and learning until its dissolution, by Henry VIII., when it was surrendered by Thomas Winter, natural son of Cardinal Wolsey, the last Provost ; its revenues being found to be of the value of £109 8s. 8|d. per annxim. By the way side, near the chvirch-yard at Harpham, is St. John's Well, a representation of which appears in Hone's Table Book, vol. 2, p. 546, after the stone had been thrown down by a waggon, which was replaced 1827. William of Malmesbury says that the most fierce bull, when broiight before it, becomes as gentle as a lamb. The church of Wliitton, county of Nottingham, is dedi- cated to St. John of Beverley. In the reign of Henry VI. a portraiture of St. John was placed in one of the windows of University College, Oxford. He is usually represented, 28 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. in sculpture and painting, in arcliiepiscopal robes, with the left hand holding a ci'osier and the right uplifted in the act of blessing. Godwin says of him, " He alwayse had the reputation of a wonderful holy man, and Beda reporteth many mii-acles done by him, as the curing of diuers folkes desprately sicke, by prayer ; opening the mouth of a dumb man, &c. ; which thinges, either they were true or Beda is muche to blame." Fuller says, "He was tutor to the Venerable Bede, who wrote his Life, which he hath so spiced with miracles that it is of the hottest for a discrete man to digest into his belief." His Life has been written by Bede, in his " Ecclesiastical History ;" Folcard, a Benedictine monk, in Latin, circa 1066; Alured, of Beverley, 1120 (M.S. in the Cotton collection); Asketal, of Bevei-ley, 1320; an anonymous author, 1373; Fuller, 1660 ; Gent, 1732; and Drake, 1736. Berthun, of Beverley, wrote a detailed narrative of his miracles, as did also HenschLuus, in four Books, as reported by eye witnesses. His writings were : " Pro Leuca Exponenda." " Homilice in Evangelia." " Epistolce ad Haldara Abbatissam." " Epistolce ad Ilerebaldura Discipulum." " Epistolce ad Andvenum et Bertinum." BIELBY, MARY, MALTON, Died 1765, aged 107 years. BIGOD, SIR HUGH, KT. Oh. 1266, Second son of Hugh Bigod, of Setterington, 3rd Earl of CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 29 Norfolk, by Maud, daughter of WilliaBi Mareschal 1st Earl of Pembroke. He married, first, Joane, daughter of Robert Burnet, and had issue, Roger, who succeeded as 5th Earl of Norfolk : secondly, Joane, daughter of Nicholas de Stuteville, Feudal Baron of Cottingham, and relict of Hugh de Wake, issue by whom succeeded to Cottingham. By her he had no issue. Sir Hugh was a gallant and accomplished Knight, an eminent lawyer, and a prominent actor in the stiiTing events of his time. He accompanied Heniy III., in his Welsh expedition, to aid him in negociation as well as in the field, and was constituted Chief Justicier, 1257. At the earnest entreaty of his brother, Roger, 4th Earl, he joined the Barons in their struggle with King Heniy, and had the Tower of London placed under his charge. He returned, however, to his allegiance, fought for Henry, at Lewes, and fled after the disastrous issue of that battle ; but returned to England, after the restoration of the King's authority, at Evesham, and was appointed Governor of Pickering Castle, the following year. BIGOD, SIR FRANCIS, KT., Executed, 1537, A member of the ancient family of Bigod, or Bigot, of Setterington, formerly Earls of Norfolk. He was the son of Sir John Bigod, Kt., of Setterington and Mulgrave Castle, Whitby, which latter he obtained by marriage with Constance, daughter and co-heiress of Peter de Mauley. Sir Francis gained the favour of King Hemy VIII. , by advocating the dissolution of the monasteries in "A Treatise on the Impropriation of Benefices ;" but remaining all the while attached to the old Faith, and afterwards changing his views with respect to the dissolution of the monasteries, 30 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. becoming eventually a vehement opposer of tlie extreme measxires of the King, He stood aloof from the first Pilgrimage of Grace, 1536, saying that although he approved of the rebellion he did not msli to put himself px'ominently foi-Avard, as people looked upon him with jealousy on account of his superior learning. Throwing aside, however, this scruple, when the second rash outbreak took place, 1537, which was organised at Setterington, in his house, by an assembly of monks, priests, and laymen, to protest against the King's \dolation of his promises, the preceding year, he became the leader, along wth Hallam, of Cawkill, who raised their banner and were soon surrounded by an undisciplined mob of rustics and expelled monks, enthusiastic in their cause, but lacking every other requisite of successful operations. It was arranged that Beverley and Hull should be seized as preliminary to fui-ther advances. Beverley was taken by Bigod, whilst Hallam and others, disguised as market people, attempted to take Hidl, but were captiu-ed by the authorities, and Hallam hiing. Bigod marched to Hull to rescue his fellow-captain ; but finding the gates shut, laid siege to the toAvn, burning some windmills outside the walls ; but finding the attempt hopeless, he retreated towards Beverley, pursued by Sir Ralph Eller- ker. Sir John Constable, and Han-ison, the Mayor of Hull, with an armed force, at sight of whom his followers fled in every dii-ection, and he was captured, sent to London, tried for High Treason, and executed at Tybiu-n, BONNER, EDMOND, BISHOP OF LONDON. 1500—1569. This notorious member of the Bench of Bishops was born CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 31 of obscure parentage, towards the end of the 15th century and presented to the Rectory of Cherry Burton, 1530, by the Canons of Beverley ; afterwards becoming Bishop of London, 1540. He is remembei-ed by his relentless persecu- tion of the Protestant Reformers, temj). Mary; having condemned two hundred persons to the stake in three years. In the reign of Henry VIII., he favoured the Reformation ; but the death of that monarch, and the probable succession of Mary, quenched his Pi'otestant zeal, and for his Popish proclivities he was deprived, 1549, and committed to the Marshalsea. On the accession of Mary, he was liberated and restored, signalizing his career during the reign by the most cruel atrocities. He was again deprived on the death of Mary, and committed to prison, where he deservedly died, universally execrated. BOYNTON, SIR MATTHEW, 1st BART., BARMSTON, Ob. 1646, A Parliamentary officer in the great civil war, the 3rd son and heir of Francis Boynton, of Barmston, by Dorothy, daughter and heiress of Chris. Plaice, of Halnaby ; married, first, Frances, daughter of Sir Henry Griffith, Kt., of Burton Agnes, and heii'ess of her brother, Sii- Henry, by whom Burton Agnes came to the Boynton family. By her he had issue. Sir, Fx-ancis, 2nd Bart. ; Matthew, whom see infra, six other sons, and four daughters : married, secondly, Katherine, daughter of Thomas, 1st Baron Faii-fax, and had issue one son, Perceval. Member of Pai'liament for Hedon, 1G28 and 1643; and for Scarborough, 1645, in place of Sir William Boynton, Kt., disabled. High Sheriff, county of York, 1628 and 1643; Knighted and created Baronet by King James I., 1618. At the commencement of the struggle of King Chai'les with the Parliament, Sir Matthew drew his sword on the 32 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. side of the latter, and became an active and able General, On the death of Sir John Meldrum, he took command of the forces besieging Scarborough Castle, 1645, which was defended by the brave Sii* Hugh Cholmondeley, who held it twelve months, and only siu'rendered when all the stores had been consumed, and everything that could possibly afford noiirishment eaten, the inmates when they marched or were carried out looking like a procession of spectres. Sir Matthew assumed the government of the castle, but it fell again into the hands of the Royalists, from whom it was re-taken by Colonel Bethell, 1648. Sir Matthew was engaged all through the war, fought in many battles and skirmishes, and died just at its close. BOYNTON, SIR MATTHEW, KT., BARMSTON, Slain, 1651, A Parliamentarian officer in the civil war, who played a more conspicuous part than his father, Sir Matthew, 1st Bart., of whom he was the fourth son. Along with his father, he took up arms against the King, and tigiu'ed in " Newcastle's List of Traitors ; " defeated Colonel Slingsby, at Guisborough ; put to rout a body of Royalists in a skirmish fought in the streets of Beverley, and in the same town apprehended his uncle, Sir John Hotham, when flying from Hull, after, his treachery to Parliament, to fortify his house at Scorbro', for the King, whom he conveyed back to Hull, whence he was sent to London and Ijeheaded. In 1647, he succeeded his father as Governor of Scar- borough Castle, and soon after repenting of his disloyalty, as had done his uncle, whom he was instrumental in sending to the block for the same crime, — or virtue, whichever it was, he issued a declaration that he held the castle for the CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 33 King, when Colonel Bethell was sent to besiege it, and he was compelled to surrender ; an event which was precipitated by a mutiny of his garrison. He escaped the fate of Hotham, and lived until 1651, when he was slain in the fight at Wigan, in the army of Prince Charles, when on its march to the concluding defeat at Worcester. He man-ied Isabella, daughter of Robert Stapleton, and had issue two daughters, one of whom married Richard Talbot, Earl, afterwards Duke of Tyrconnel ; the other, Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon. BRADLEY, WILLIAM, "THE YORKSHIRE GIANT," 1787—1820, Born at Market Weighton, and buried under a marble slab in the chiu'ch at that place. He was one of thirteen children, all the others being of the usual size ; his father, 5ft. 9iin. in height, and his mother not taller than ordinary women. At the age of eleven he weighed eleven stones, and at nine- teen, twenty-seven, when he stood 7ft. Sin. and grew another inch afterwards. His shoe was 15in. long and 5|in. broad ; his stockings, 3ft. 9in. from top to toe ; his walking-stick was 49in. and his crutch 5ft. lOin. in length ; the size of his cothn was 9ft. by 3ft. When young he worked in his father's fields, and after- wards exhibited himself in London and the larger provincial towns. He was well proportioned, but before death became lame and was compelled to use a crutch. He never drank anything stronger than water, milk, or tea, and was a very moderate eater. It is a curious fact that in the neighbouring village of Shipton, was born Edwin Calvert, a dwarf, 36 inches in height, who hastened his death in 1859, at the age of seven- teen, by excessive drinking. 34 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Brice, the French giant, after a tour round England, stated, in reply to a question by Mr. Fi-ank Buckland, that he met wT.th the tallest men in Yorkshii-e and Lancashii'e, Buckland adding that in his experience as a Life Guards' surgeon, he found that the tallest and largest-boned men came from the coal-producing counties. Portrait, published 1811. Cast of head, in the College of Surgeons, London. BRIDLINGTON, GREGORY OF, COMMENTATOR, Vic. 1178, A learned man, bom at Bridlington, successively Canon, Precentor, and Prior of Bridlington, of whom little is known, excepting that he was the author of "A Commentary on Poi-tions of the Bible ;" that he was the successor of Robert the Scribe, and that whilst he was Precentor, or Prior, the Danes, who had plundered the Abbey of Wliitby, laid siege to the Priory, but were obliged to retii'e in consequence of the strength of the walls and defences. BRIDLINGTON, ST. JOHN OF, 1319—1379, A man of great piety and considerable learning, bom at Bridlington, of exemplary parents ; who was educated at Bridlington and Oxford, after which he assimied the cowl in the Augustinian Priory of Bridlington, becoming successively Precentor, Almoner, and Prior, 1362-79. When he was elected Prior, he refused the office with tears, deeming himself unworthy of the dignity; but accepted it, after a second election, at the eamest entreaty of the monks, although with great reluctance. He managed the temporali- tie.s with business-like tact, leaving theiia more flourishing CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 35 than he found them, and withal was a generous dispenser of charity to the poor. It was said of him that " In that place [of Prior] he acted the part of both Martha and Mary, being as provident to husband theii* revenues, as devout in God's service. There are some Prophecies and Rythmes fathered upon him still extant, but so ridiculous, that we may believe them falsely attributed to him. He is, in these parts, reputed as a Saint, especially by the Papists." — Cox. He was so much esteemed for his talents, learning, piety, and meekness, that he was Canonized, and his relics trans- lated, by direction of the Pope, to a splendid shrine, the ceremonial being conducted by the Archbishop of York and the Bishop of Durham, which became the resort of pilgrims, and, it was said, the scene of many mii-acles. Camden says of him : " Bridlington is famous for John de Bridlington, a Monkish Poet, whose rhyming Prophecies, which are very ridiculous, I have seen; and yet he has to this day in all that neighbourhood, the reputation of a Saint, and very justly too, if all the mighty things were true of him, which Nicholas Horefield, in his Ecclesiastical History, has related -with gravity and assurance." He is sometimes confounded with William Banister, a prophetic wi-itei', tem'p. Edward III. Life by Surius, also in the " Britannica Sanctus," and in Alban Butler's "Lives of the Saints." Author of " Carmina Yatcinalia," in which he foretells futm-e eA^ents of English history ; reputed author, also, of "Vei-sus Vaticinales." Both MSS. ai'e in the Bodleian Libraiy. BRIDLINGTON, ROBERT OF, "THE SCRIBE," Vix. 1160, A native of Bridlington, the son of Gerard, and a monk, c 36 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. eventually 4th Prior of the Canons Regiilar of Bridlington, succeeding to the office in 1152. He was famous for his skill in penmanship and for his assiduity in the transcription of Monkish Annals, Legends of the Saints, Homilies, etc., which obtained for him the sobriquet of " The Scribe." He was author of several works and the compiler of a Commentary on the Bible, deduced chiefly from the writings of Hieronymus, Anselm, Bede, and others. His MSS. were preserved for a long time in the library of the Priory, and were seen there by Leland in 1534, consisting of Commentaries on Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, the twelve Prophets, the Psalter, the Gospels of SS. Matthew and John, the Epistles of St. Paul and the Apocalyjise ; also, a Dialogue, " De Corporse et sanguinise Domini," and a Treatise, "De Ecclesise Catholicse." To these Bale adds. Commentaries on the Song of Solomon, the Creed, the Creed of St. Athanasiiis, and the Lord's Prayer; a Book of Sermons; and a Treatise, " De Operibus sex Dierum." Leland saw his grave in the cloister, near the door of the Chapter House, with the inscription : " Robertus Cognomento Scriba, Quartus Prior." BURTON, HENRY, B.D., PURITAN DIVINE, 1579—16J^7-8, Born at Birdsall ; educated at Cambridge ; graduated M. A. and B.D. at Oxford : Rector of St. Matthew's, Friday Street, London, 1626-36. After leaving college, he became tutor to the sons of Robert, Baron Carey, of Leppington, and Earl of Monmouth, and soon after Clerk of the Closet to Prince Henry, and after his death to Prince Charles, on CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 37 whose accession to the throne he was displaced, when he retu-ed from the Court in disgust, and wi'ote a letter of remonstrance to the King, in which he charged Dr. Neile, who was appointed to the office, with Popish proclivities. In 1636, he preached two sermons, "For God and the King," in which he charged the Bishops with plotting to re-introduce Popery, for which he was cited before the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and committed to Fleet Prison, where he lay several weeks. Whilst in prison, he addressed an epistle to the King, another to the Judges, and a third to the "true-hearted nobility;" for which, at the instance of Laud, his inveterate enemy, he was summoned before the Star Chamber, 1637, as a seditious libeller, and subjected to a most severe sentence, along with Prynne and Bastwick. It was to be deprived of all Preferments and Degrees, to be fined £500, to be pilloried and have his ears lopped ofl", and to be imprisoned for life, all of which were carried out, excepting the fine, and he was sent to Lancaster Gaol, whence, in consequence of the sympathy of the people, he was removed to Guernsey. Three years afterwards, upon the petition of his wife, Sarah, Parliament reversed the jiidgment, decided that all which had been done against him was outside the law, and made him a grant of £6,000 for the loss of his ears, which, however, in the subsequent confusion he never got. Along with Prynne, who had been imprisoned in Jersey, he landed in England and was received with loud acclamations by the people, and in 1642 was re-inducted into his Bectory, after- wards adopting the principles of Independency. Works : "A Narrative of the Life of Henry Burton, according to a copy written witli his own hand." London, 1043. Portrait. "A Censure on Simony." 1624. " A Plea to an Appeal, Traversed Dialoguewisc." 1626. "The Baiting of tlie Pope's Bull." 1627. [For this he was sum- moned before the Council.] 38 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. "A Tryal of Private Devotions : or a Dyal for the Hours of Prayer." 1G28. "Israel's Fast: or Meditations on the 7th Chapter of Joshua." 1628. " The Seven Vials : or an Exposition of the 15th and ItJth Chaps, of the Revelations." 1G28. " Babel no Bethel : i.e. The Church of Rome no true visible Church, being an Answer to Hugh Cholmeley's Challenge," &c. [For this work, which was suppressed, he was committed to the Fleet. " Truths Triumph over Trent : or the Great Gulph between Sion and Babylon : i.e. The irreconcilable opposition between the Apostolical Church of Christianity and the Apostate Syna- gogue of Anti- Christ in the main and fundamental Doctrine of Justification." 1629. "The Law and the Gospel reconciled against Antinomians." 1631. " Christian's Bulwark : or the Doctrine of Justification." 1632. " Exceptions against a Passage in Dr. Jackson's Treatise of the Divine Essence and Attributes." " The Sounding of the two Last Trumpets : or Meditations on the 9th, 10th, and 11th Chaps, of Revelations." 1C41. " The Protestation Protested : or a short Remonstrance shewing what is principally required of all those that have or do take the last Parliamentary Protestation." 1641. "A Vindication of Independent Churches," &c. 1644. "Parliament's Powers for Laws in Religion." 1645. " Vindicise Veritatis, &c., in answer to Bastwick's ' Independency not God's Ordinance.' " 1G45. "Truth Shut out of Doors," &c. 1645. Referring to the closing of the doors of Aldermanbury Church against him. " Conformity and Deformity, in a Dialogue between Conformity and Conscience." 1646. In 1683 was publislied, " Ye WaiTes of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1625-60, witli a view of Pryn, Burton, and Bastwick in ye Pillory." CARLISLE, CHARLES HOWARD, 3rd EARL OF Oh. 1738. Son of Edward, 2nd Earl, by Elizabeth, daughter and co- CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 39 heiress of Sir William Uvedale, Kt., and relict of Sir William Berkeley, and descended from a junior branch of the Ducal House of Howard, his progenitor being " Belted Will " of Border fame, who, by marriage with Elizabeth, sister and co-heiress of George, 5th Baron Dacre, of Gilles- land, came into possession of Hinderskelf, where Castle Howard now stands. His grandson, Charles, was created, 16G1, Viscount Howard of Morpeth and Earl of Carlisle, succeeding also to the Barony of Dacre, through his grand- mother. He was raised to the Peerage, for his loyalty to the Stuarts during the civil wars, distinguished himself as a diplomatist, and published a Narrative of his three Embassies. Charles, his grandson, married Anne, daughter of Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of Essex, and had issue, with other children, Henry, 4th Earl, and Anne, his 3rd daughter, who became celebrated as a poetess, and mariied Richard, 5th Viscount Irvine. He became First Lord of the Treasury 1701-2; Constable of the Tower, 1717; and Deputy Earl Marshal. He was the builder of Castle Howard, employing Van- brugh as his architect, and filling it with art Treasures, amongst which has since been included " The Thi-ee Marys," by Carracci, the gem of the Manchester Exhibition, 1857, formerly one of the chief ornaments of the Louvre, and purchased during the French Revolution. He was also a man of great literary taste, and a writer of poetry, as have been many members of the family. " Pater Patrije : being an Elegiac, Pastoral Dialogue, occasioned by the lamentable death of Charles Howard Earl of Carlisle. By Tlios. Gent." York, 173cS. CARLISLE, FREDERICK HOWARD, 5th EARL OF, K.T., KG., P.C, and F.R.S., 17^8—1825, Son of Henr}', 4th Eai-1, Ijy the Lady Frances, daughter of 40 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland : married 1770, the Lady Mai'garet Caroline, daughter of Granville Leveson- Gower, 1st Marquis of Stafford, and had issue, George, 6th Earl; Frederick, slain at Waterloo, 1815; Rev. Henry Edward John, Prebendary of York ; William ; and three daughters : was Lord-Lieutenant of the East Riding and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 1780-2. Lord Carlisle was distinguished for his poetical talents, and was author of : "Poems." 1773. "The Father's Revenge: a Tragedy." 1783. 25 copies only— privately printed. " Tlie Step-mother : a Tragedy." 1800. Subject, " Sigismunda and Guiscard." "Tragedies and Poems." 1807. Privately printed. "Thoughts on the present condition of the Stage." 1808. He was also a contributor to " The Antijacobin." CARLISLE, GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK, 7th EARL OF, 1802—1864 cod.. Son of George, 6th Earl, by the Lady Georgiana Dorothy, daughter of William, 5th Duke of Devonshire ; educated at Eton and Oxford, where he obtained the highest classical honours. M.R for Morpeth, 1826-30, County of York, 1830-1 and 1831-2, West Yorkshire, 1832-41 and 1846-8; Chief Secretary of Ireland, 1838-41 ; Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests, 1846-50; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, 1852 ; Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 1855 and 1859-64 ; Lord-Lieutenant of the East Riding, 1847 ; Lord- Rector of the University of Aberdeen, 1853. Lord Carlisle was a man of great reputation as a states- man, orator, and man of letters; lectured at Leeds with great applause on "America" and on " The Life and Writings of Pope," both which lectures were published. He travelled CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 41 in Asia and America, and published a narrative of his Eastern wanderings, 1854, under the title of "A Diary in Turkish and Greek Waters," and was author of "The Second Vision of Daniel," a work on proi^liecy. Portrait, by Partridge, exhibited at Leeds, 1868, and a photograph, the same year, at South Kensington. A monu- ment to his memory was erected at Brampton, Cvimberland ; a bust, by Foley, placed in Morpeth Town Hall, 1871 ; a statue, by Foley, erected in Dublin ; and a Grecian column, 120 feet high, on Buhner Hill, near Castle Howard, all by public subscription. CHAPMAN, REV. RICHARD, "MINISTER AT HUNMANBIE," Vix. 1638, Author of " Hallelujah : or King David's Shrill Trumpet, sounding a loude Summons to the whole world, to praise God." 1638. A very rare book. DE CLIFFORD, HENRY DE CLIFFORD, 10th BARON, "THE SHEPHERD LORD." 1453—1523. The de Cliffords were an illustrious family, seated at Skip- ton, in Craven, who were afterwards Lords of Londesborough. Richard, 4th Duke of Normandy, had six sons, of whom were Richard, 5th Duke; Robert, 6th, who was father of William the Conqueror and William Ponce, Eaid of Arques and Thoulouse, who came to England with his nephew. He had grants of land in South Wales, and his posterity moved northward on marrying the heiress of the de Viponts, becoming Lords of Skipton by a grant from King Edward II., 42 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. after the fall of Gaveston, to whom it had been given on the execution and attainder of the Earl of Lancaster. Londes- borough came into their possession by the marriage of John, 9th Baron, with the heiress of the Bromfletes, Barons de Vesci. Roger de Cliiford was summoned by writ as Baron, 1299, which, after forfeitures and abeyance, is still extant. Henry, 11th Baron, was created Earl of Cumberland, 1525, the title becoming extinct on the death s.p.m. of Henry, 5 th Earl, 1643, when Londesborough passed to his daughter Elizabeth, who married Richard, 1st Earl of Burlington, who was created Baron Clifford of Londesboroudi, 1666, from whom the Londesborough estates passed to the Caven- dish family. Henry, 10th Baron, was son of John, " Black-faced Clif- ford," 9th Baron, the murderer of the young Duke of Rutland, son of Richard, Duke of York, at the battle of Wakefield, who was a devoted Lancastrian and who was slain on the eve of the battle of Towton, after which decisive victory, which placed Edward of York on the throne, he was attainted and Skipton given to Sir William Stanley, hiisband of Margaret Countess of Richmond and mother of Henry VII., and afterwards to Richard Duke of Gloster, the King's brother. On the death of his father; his mother, the widowed Countess, daughter of Hemy de Bromflete, Baron de Vesci, fled from Skipton with her two sons, Hemy and Richard, to her father, at Londesboi'ough, and, as her sons were sought for by the Yoi'kists, to imprison them, or perhaps put them to death in revenge for the murder of the Duke of Rutland, she sent the younger into Elanders and the elder she committed to the charge of a shepherd and his wife, at Londesborough, to be brought up as their child until a reversal of the attainder, or a change in the dynasty, should open out brighter prospects for the family. Here at CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 43 Londesborongli he passed some years tending sheep, without education, living on the hard fare of the peasants of the period, and supposing himself to Ije the son of the shepherd. Afterwards, when there appeared to be some likelihood of his retreat being discovered, he was sent, along with his foster parents, into the wilds of Westmoreland, where he remained until he was thirty-two years of age, when the battle of Bosworth placed the Earl of Richmond on the throne and terminated by the death of Richard III. the dynasty of York. The shepherd heir of Skip ton was then brought from the bleak Westmoreland hills ; his claims were recognized ; the attainder was reversed ; and he was restored to the dignity and estates of his ancestors. Conscious, however, of his lack of learning and his ignorance of the new world into which he was introduced, he lived some time in retirement, con- sorting with the Canons of Bolton and applying himself to study to repair his deficiencies in mental culture. His favourite studies were alchemy, astronomy, natural history, and legendary lore ; becoming a veiy fair proficient in these branches of learning, and at sixty years of age came out of his retirement, and held a command at the battle of Flodden. He married, first, Anne, daughter of Sir John St. John of Bletshoe, and had issue Hemy, 1 st Eai4 of Cumberland ; and secondly, Florence, daughter of Henry Pudsey, of Bolton, and relict of Sir Thomas Talbot, of Bashall in Ci'aven. " Most happy in the sky recess Of Barden's lofty quietness, And clioice of studious friends had he In Bolton's dear fraternity ; Who standing on the old church tower, In many a calm propitious hour, Perused with him the starry sky ; Or in their cells, with him did pry For other lore, by keen desire, Urged to close toil with clwmic fire." Wordsworth. 44 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " From Penigant to Pendle Hill, From Linton to Long Addingham, And all tlie Craven coasts did tell They with the lusty Clifford came." Ballad of Flodden Field. " Life of Henry Lord Clifford, by J. Heneage Jesse" {grandson of tlie Yicar of Hutton Cranswick). 1862. COIFFI, HIGH PRIEST OF WODEN. Vix. 7th Century. At tlie village of Delgovine stood a magnificent temple, of which Coiffi was high priest. He Kved during the reign of Eadwine of Northumbria, and being a man of high-spiritnal position was frequently at the Court of the King. He was present when Paulinus, the Apostle of the North, who had accompanied iEthelbm-ga, Eadwine's second Queen, from Kent, proclaimed the glad tidings of the Gospel to the Northumbrian idolaters, and became convinced of the truths preached by him. Eadwine was somewhat reluctant to abandon the faith of his fathers, and asked Coiffi what he thought of this heretical teaching. " I have long been sensible. Oh King," replied the high priest, " that there was nothing in what we worshipped, because the more diligently I sought after truth in that worship, the less I found it ; and I now freely confess that such truth appears evident in this preaching, as can confer on us the gifts of life, of salvation, and of eternal happiness ; for which reason, I advise that we instantly abjure and destroy these our temples and altars, which we have conse- crated without reaping any benefit from them." Eadwine, partly from conviction and partly in compliance with the desire of his beautiful and newly-married christian wife, assented. "But who shall desecrate the gi-eat temple"?" enquired the King. " I," replied Coifli, " I officiated at the CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 45 altar of the false god, and it is fitting that I, who taught the people eri'or, should disabuse them." A day was appointed for the purpose, in the year 646, when Eadwine and his Coui-t, accompanied by Paulinus and Coifti, proceeded to Delgovine, where Coilh, girt wdth a sword and spurs and with a spear in his hand, mounted a stallion. It was not permitted for priests to wear war-like accoutre- ments, or to ride on any other beast but a mare ; and when he thus appeared, the trembling bystanders looked menacingly at him as committing a most outrageoiis and saci'ilegious act ; but when he boldly rode into the temple and hurled his spear at the idol, they set up a loud shriek, deeming the priest mad and anticipating some terrible manifestation of the -wrath of the great god ; but as no supernatural disaster followed and the sun continued to shine w4th smiling radiance over the scene ; as Coiffi was not stricken dead ; and the earth opened not to swallow up the abettors of the act, whilst the helpless image of "Woden remained undemonstra- tive with the spear quivering in his side, they lost faith in their ancestral god, and Pauliniis, taking advantage of the opportunity, preached to the assemblage the Gospel of Christ, and shortly afterwards baptised 10,000 converts in the river Swale. The Temple of Delgovine (the place of God's Image) was destroyed and a christian church erected on the site, which was called Godmandingham (God man's house), now Good- manham. COKSITT, FRANCIS, BURYTHORPE, 1618—1768, Died, as is assex'ted, at the age of 150 years. He attributed his longevity to leading a temperate and chaste life and sucking raw eggs. 46 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. CONSTABLE, JOHN, LL.D., DEAN OF LINCOLN, Oh. 1528. This eminent di-v-ine and poet was the second son of Sir Robert Constable, Kt., of Flambrough, Ijy Agnes, his wife, daughter of Sir Eoger Wentworth, Kt., of the coimty of Essex. He was educated by Lylie, the grammarian, and at St. John's, Cambridge, where he graduated and became Fellow of his College, in which he afterwards founded four Fellowships. Of his personal history but little is known, but he appears to have been a fi-equenter of the court of Henry "ST^IL, and to have been intimate with many of the more eminent men of the asre. He obtained preferment successively as Prebendary of Decem Librarum, Lincoln, 1494 — 1.503 ; of Castor, Lincoln, 1502-3-28 ; Treasurer of Lincoln Cathedral, 1-508-12 ; Arch- deacon of Huntingdon, 1512-14; and Dean of Lincoln, 1514-38, in which city he died and was buried in the Cathedi-al. He was author of "Joannes Constabularii, Londinensis arti\-m, Professoiis Epigi-ammate, Apud inclytam Londini ui-bem, MDXX," printed by Pynson. The only known copy of this work is in the Bodleian Libraiy. Amongst others are Epigi-ams addressed to King Henry '\T;II. and Queen Katherine ; Bishop Latimer ; Sii' Thomas More ; and hLs old master, LyUe. There are also Epitaphs to Ms father and mother; and to his brother Richard and his sister Martha, neither of whose names appear in the Constable pecUgi-ee. CONSTABLE, HENRY, POET. 1561—1613. Until recently considerable doubt existed as to the identity of this Elizabethan sonnet writer, but the discovery of MSS., particularly those of Joseph Hunter, Roger Dodsworth and CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 47 several which have been calendared under the du'ection of the ]\Iaster of the Rolls, has cleared away the mists which hung around his name, and shewn incontestiljly that he was a member of the Everingham branch of the Constables of riambrough. Sir Robei-t Constable, Kt., of Everingham, was grandson of Sii- Marmaduke, of Flambrovigh : he married Catherine, daughter of Sir George Manners, Baron de Ros, and niece of King Edward IV., by whom he had issue, -with other childi'en, Sir Robert, his second son. This Sir Robert served in the Scottish wai'S and was knighted there by the Earl of SuiTey, and was author of a "Treatise on the Ordering of a Camp." He maiTied Christiana, daughter of John Dabridgecourt, of the county of "Warwick, and relict of Anthony Wilson, with whom he is supposed to have obtained his estate at Newark, where he died in 1591, when the estate was sold to pay a debt due to the Ci'own. Henry, his son, was boi'n probably at Newark, circa 1561, and was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B.A. in 1579-80, by special grace, but did not proceed further, in consequence of his Popish pro- clivities, which compelled him to retire abroad to avoid the Elizabethan persecutions. He travelled through the Nethei'- lands, Germany, Poland, and Italy, and in 1595 we find him in Paris, whence he was sent, by the Legate at that city, on a mission from the Pope, accompanied by Lord Bonington, to the court of James VI. of Scotland, to exhort him to return to the faith of his fathers, or at least to gi-ant toleration to his Roman Catholic subjects ; but he met with no success beyond courteous treatment and fair speeches. Whilst there he was closely watched by the agents of Cecil, whose dcspatclies to their employer (1598 — 1600) have been published in the Calendars of State Papers, and throw a flood of light on the mission and on the Scottish history of the time. 48 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Soon afterwards he was in Arragon, whence he sent a printed book to King James, which Hazlett conjectures was his " Diana," but it was really " A Counterfeit Discourse Between Counterfeit Travellers," etc., a treatise on the succession to the English Throne. In 1604 he was in the Tower of London, but as it would appear, was released about the end of the year and banished, when he went to Spain again, and seems to have returned, without leave, as in 1607-8 he was cast into Fleet prison, but was set at liberty, very probably through the influence of his kinsman, the Earl of Shrewsbury. He went to Paris, about which time Dr. B. Carier, an eminent English di\'ine, had embraced Catholicism and entered the Jesuits' College, at Liege, and thither Constable was sent to confirm the prose- lyte in his new faith, bvit soon after his arrival he was seized Avith a sudden illness, and died in that city in 1613. As a poet he was held in high esteem both by his own and by succeeding generations. Ant. a Wood says : " There was no gentleman of our nation had a more pure, quick, and higher delivery than he : witness among others that sonnet of his before the poetical translation called ' The Furies ' made by King James." And in the " Return from Parnas- sus," 1606, occur these lines : " Sweet Constable doth take the wondring ear, And lays it up in willing prisonnients." His wi'itings, which are lauded by Ben Jonson, Sir John Harrington, and others, are full of quips, cranks, and strange conceits ; but this was the style of the age. The following is a specimen from a sonnet in " England's Helicon :" " Sporte on fair flokes at pleasure, Kip Vffistae's flowing treasure ; I my self e will duely harke, When my watchful dogge doth barke From woolfe and foxe, I will defend ye." His earlier sonnets all relate to a hopeless passion for CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 49 a lady of high rank, who is supposed to have been the Lady- Penelope Devereiix, afterwards the divorced Lady Rich, and eventually the disreputable wife of Charles Blount, Earl of Devonshire. Works : " Diana : the Praises of his Mistres in Certaine Sweete Sonnets, by H.C.," 1592. 22 Sonnets. [Of this edition only one copy is known to exist.] Second edition, entitled " Diana : or the excellent Conceitful Sonnets of H.C., augmented with diuers Quatorzains of honourable and learned Personages : deuided into viij decades," loS-l (a misprint for 1594). Reprinted in 1597, ICJO-t, and in facsimile for the Koxburghe Club, 1818. " Spiritual Sonnettes to the Honour of God and Hys Saintes, by H.C." In the Heliconia, 2nd vol, printed from the MS. in the Harleian Collection. " Sonnets written by H.C," circa 1590. Harleian Miscellany, vol 9. Detached Pieces in "England's Parnassus," IGOO; "Belvidere," 1010, and " Sonnets addressed to Sir P. Sidney in Sir P.'s ' Apology for Poetry.' " Several Sonnets; written circa 1590, still in MS. " Sonnets and Poems by H.C, of St. John's College, Cambridge, with notes and illustrations by T. Park, and edited by W. Carew Hazlitt," 1859. CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE, KT., FLAMBROUGH, Circa 1^63—1515. A notable warrior who accompanied Edward IV. in his French expedition, 1474 ; assisted in the capture of Berwick, 1482, and was appointed Governor of the town and cas- tle; and was one of the heroes of Flodden, 1513. He was the eldest son of Sir Robert Constable, Kt., by Agnes, daughter of Sir Roger Wentworth, Kt., of the county of Suffolk; married, first Joyce, daughter of Sir Humphrey Stalibrd, Kt. ; secondly, Margery, daughter of Henry, Baron Fitzhugh, by the first of whom only he had issue, four sons and two daughters. 50 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. A pai'tly oljliterated inscription on his tomb, at Flam- brough, informs us that " at the age of three score years and ten, he was present, with his sonnes, brothers, servants, and Kynsmenne at Brankeston [Flodden] where the Kynge of Scottys [James IV.] was slaine." He lived in the reigns of six monarchs — Henry VI., Edward IV. and V., Richard III., and Henry VII. and VIII. CONSTABLE, SIR ROBERT, KT., FLAMBROUGH, Execiited, 1537. The eldest son and heir of Sir Marmaduke Constable, Kt., with whom he fought at the battle of Elodden, 1513; married, Jane, daughter of Sir William Ingieby, of Ripley, and had issue, with other children, Sir Marmaduke, who succeeded to Flambrough and Holme-upon-Spaldingmoor. He was knighted at the battle of Blacklieath, 1497, for his valour against the Cornish Rebels. In 15.36 he became a prominent leader in the first Pilgrimage of Grace Rebellion and participated in the general proclamation of pardon at Doncaster. Not satisfied with the conduct of the King, relative to his promises at the Doncaster negotiation, he, with Aske and Lord Darcy, considered it necessary to take up arms again, to compel Henry to observe the conditions he assented to ; but looked upon the rash attempt of Bigod and Hallam, at Setterington, as premature, and wrote a letter to them urging them to lay down their arms and maintain the peace of the county, for doing which he received the thanks of the King. Bigod and Hallam, however, went forward, took Beverley, and attempted to take Hull, but were discomfited and executed. In April, Constable, Aske, and Darcy were suddenly arrested on a charge of High Treason, inasmuch as they CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 51 knew of the second outbreak and had not given information thereof, and that although they had in a letter pretended to dissuade the conspirators, they were secret abettors, and disapproved of the rising then, only as being untimely. They were tried, and by an evident straining of evidence, found guilty and condemned. Lord Darcy was beheaded on Tower Hill ; Aske, executed at York ; and Sir Robert Constable, as the Duke of Norfolk wrote, " On Fridaye beying market daye at Hull, sufired and dothe hang above the highest gate of the towne so trymmed in cheynes that I thinke his boones woll hang there this hiindi'ethe yere." CONSTABLE, SIR WILLIAM, KT. AND BART., FLAMBROUGH, Circa 1676—1655 s.^x Son and heir of Sir Robert Constable, Kt., by his second wife, Dorothy, daughter of Sii' John Widdrington, Kt. ; married Dorothy, daughter of Sii' Thomas Faii-fax, Kt., Ijy whom he had no issue ; knighted, 1599 ; created Baronet, 1611, extinct at death; M.R for the Borough of Knares- borough, in the Long Parliament ; afterwards representative of the County of York. Sir William was laiighted for his services in Ireland, under the Earl of Essex, in whose treasonable practices he became involved and was arraigned for High Treason ; but remanded before trial, Ijy direction of the Queen, on the ground that he had been "unwarily drawn in." He was imprisoned, temp. Charles I., for resisting the imposition of the Ship Tax ; and, on the breaking out of the subsequent civil war, he uiJiesitatingly imsheathed his swoi'd in defence of the liberties of the people, became a Lieutenant Colonel in the Parliamentarian army, and was actively engaged all through the war. He fovight at Edgehill, 1642 ; 52 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. commanded at the siege of Scarborougli, 1643 ; led a body of men from Hidl in a raid upon the Wokls, 1644, where he surprised Sir Charles Lucas and scattered the forces of Sir Walter Vavasour. The same year he fought at Marston Moor, and after the battle was appointed one of the Com- missioners to treat for the surrender of Yoi*k ; and in 1645, accompanied Faiiiax to London on the appointment of the latter to the command of the "new modelled" army. He sat on the trial of King Charles and signed the wan'ant for his execution ; and, on the establishment of the Republic, was appointed a member of the Council of State. He died dm-ing the Protectorate, and thus escaped the fate of the Regicides who survived the Restoration ; nevertheless, his body was exhimaed after that event, dismembered and cast into a pit, and in the general pardon of Charles IL, although dead, he was specially excepted, was attainted and his estates confiscated. Winstanley says of him: "A Yorkshire Knight, whose prodigality brought him to sell his patrimony [Holme-upon- Spaldingmoor] to Sir Marmaduke Langdale, at the beginning of the late trouble, which he afterwards regained for nothing, when that Lord [Baron Langdale, of Holme-upon-Spalding- moor] for his loyalty was voted a delinquent and his estates at the dispose of the Rebbels, who carved fat shares for themselves. He had a principal hand in the King's death, for which parricide and other his treasonable j)ractices, he was, by the Saints, made Govemour of Gloucester and a gi'eat Commander in the North. He died before his Majesty's return." — "Loyal Martyrology." COOPER, REV. JAMES, M.A., VICAR OF CARTON, Ob. 1861, Educated at Cambridge; B.A., 1827 ; M.A, 1830; P.C. of CELEBRITIES OP THE YOXIKSHIRE WOLDS, 53 St. Jude's, Manningham, near Bradford, 1843-57; Vicar of Garton, 1857-61. Author of : " The Claims of the Unendowed Churches." 1837. " Sermons Preached in St. Paul's Chapel, Stonehouse, Devon." 1840. " The Importance of Church Music." 1844. " Sermons on Events in Sacred History." 1849, CROFT, KEY. GEORGE, D.D., RECTOR OF THWING, 17Jf7—1809, A learned divine, born at Skipton of humble parentage, who, displaying an ability for learning, and obtaining a patron, was sent to University College, Oxford, 1762, where he gained a scholarship, 1768, graduated and became Fellow of his College in 1779 ; Yicar of Arncliffe, near Settle, 1779 ; Lecturer at St. Martin's, Bii-mingham, 1791 ; and Rector of Thwing, 1802. Author of : " A Sermon on Proverbs xxiv., 21." Stafford, 1784. " Eight Sermons, preached in 1786 at the Lecture founded by the Rev. John Bampton, M.A." Oxford, 1786. " Thoughts concerning the Methodists and the Established Clergy." London, 1795. " Sermons, including a Series of Discourses on the Minor Pro- phets, preached before the University of Oxford." 2 vols. Birmingham, 1811. DADE, REV. WILLIAM, F.A.S. RECTOR OF BARMSTON, Circa 1740—1790, A topographer and antiquary, born at Burton Agnes, son of the Rev. Thomas Dade, vicar of that parish, by Mary 54 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Norton, and gi'andson of the Rev. John Dade, vicar of Stillington, near York, whose wife was descended from the "Wrights, of Ploughhmd, in Holderness, famous for having fiirnished two members of the Gunpowder Plot Conspiracy. He was, after taking orders, successively Curate of St. Olave's, York ; Rector of St. Mary's, Castlegate, York ; and Rector of Barmston, near Bridlington. The gi'eater portion of his life was spent in collecting materials for a " History of Holderness," of which he wrote a considerable portion, and printed proposals for its publica- tion in 1783 ; but ill-health and other pei'plexities prevented his completion of the work. Some time after his death, the MSS. were placed in the hands of the Rev. George Povilson, of BaiTow, County of Lincoln, Historian of Beverley, who re-arranged the matter, added considerably to the details, and published "The History and Antiquities of the Seigniory of Holderness," etc. 2 vols. Hull, 1841. There was also published " A Series of Seventeen Views of Churches, Monuments, and other Antiquities, originally engi'aved for Dade's 'History of Holderness.'" Hull, 1835. These plates were originally published in Poulson's Holder- ness, when issued in parts, but were afterwards cancelled, new plates engraved for the complete work, and these sold separately with the above title. AVILLIAM DRAPER, BESWICK, " THE NIMROD OF THE NORTH," 1701—1776, A celebrated sportsman and Master of the Holderness Hounds, born at Nether Wootton, county of Oxford, who "in 1720 bred, fed and hunted ye staimchest pack of fox- hounds in Europe." He man-ied Ann, daughter and heiress of Ingleby Daniel, of the old Hall, Beswick, with whom he CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 55 inherited tlie Beswick estates, and had issue a daughter, Miss Di. Draper, who, in riding across country after the hounds was as famous as her father, and was the subject of many an enthusiastic toast at the hunt dinners. " Old Squire Draper," as he was termed, kept a hospitable table, and was held in great reverence and esteem by his tenants and his brother sportsmen. He was uncle to Sii- William Draper, K.G., Lieutenant- General in the army and conqueror of tlie Manillas ; born 1721 ; died 1787 ; who was also, the author of some contro- versial works. DE DRIFFIELD, ROGER, ABBOT OF MEAUX, Ob. circa 1290, A native of Driffield, who entered the Monastery of Meaux, near Bevei'ley, passed tlu'ough the usual gradations of office, and was appointed Abbot, 1260, on the compulsory resignation of Richard de Burton, who had been guilty of appropriating to his own use the revenues of the Abbey. In the Liher Melsa we are informed that he conveyed the villages of Wyke and Myton (Hull) to Hamilton, Dean of York, and his brother Adam, for 800 marks, for the term of twenty years, which money he put into his own pocket ; who the same year re-demised the property to the Monastery for the remaining nineteen years, for a rent of £100 per annum, agreeing to quit claim the village and grange as soon as the 800 marks should be paid, which Driffield raised, by boiTOw- ing, in the name of the Abbey, from the general Chapter of the Cistercians. In the 21st Edward 1., Wyke, of the estimated vahie of £78 14s. 8d., and Myton, of £24 8s. per annum, passed by a deed of feoffment to the King and were gi'anted to William de la Pole, and on their site grew up the modern town of Kingston-upon-Hull. 56 CELEBRITIES OE THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. The Clu'onicle fiii-tlier infonns lis that during the abbacy of "Lord Roger of Driffield" King Edward made many- grants to the Abbey, amongst others, the Manor of Pock- lington, of the fee of Albemarle, valued at £43 4s. 3d., which was held six years, when it was exchanged with "Dominus Henry de Percy" for half an acre of land at NaiFerton and the advowson of the church. "Lord Roger" governed the Abbey twenty-three years, adorned the altar with "two beautiful paintings, and resigned 1310, having erected for his residence in retii-ement, a room, stiU standing, [1400] and called 'The Abbot's Chamber.'" He left the Abbey <£ 1,569 in debt, siu-vived his cession eight years, and was buried in the chui'ch of the monastery. DE DRIFFIELD, WILLIAM, B.D., ABBOT OF MEAUX, Oh. circa 1270. A native of Driffield, who entering the Monastery of Meaux, near Beverley, was, after passing through minor offices, elected Abbot, out of respect for his pious exemplary life, wliich office he held from about 1250 to 1270. Dui-ing his abbacy, the monastery was involved in divers lawsuits, in one of which it was compelled to sun-ender its claim to the Marsh of Weel, near Beverley; and another, relative to the tithes of Wawn, which lasted five years, and was finally settled by an appeal to the Pope. The Abbey also sustained great loss in men and cattle, thirty-five persons having been drowned by an inundation of the Hvimber, the waters reaching the fisheries at Cottingham and swallowing up lands and buildings, its property. He is mentioned in the Chronicles of the Abbey as having cut down the wood of " Bii'manskeugh," and there^vith bidlt CELECRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 57 " navem optimam magnis sumpiibus" to wliich he gave the name of Benedict. Abbot William was a man of extraordinary piety, living a life of asceticism and devotion, and governing the Abbey with great decorum and strict discipline. He was buried in the Abbey church, and it was reported that many miracles were wrought at his tomb " sed nulla illorum in libris vel codicibus rwstris mvenitiur exaratum" DE DRINGHOE, WILLIAM, ABBOT OF MEAUX, Ob. circa 137% Sixteenth and nineteenth Abbot of Meaux, near Beverley, 1349-53 and 1369-72. Born at Dringhoe; educated at Meaux, where he assumed the cowl and became sub-cellarer, under Abbot Hugh de Leven. In 1349 an earthquake occuired, which was followed immediately after by an out- break of the plague, of so Adrulent a character that in the month of August it carried off the Abbot, twenty-two out of the forty-two monks, and six out of the seven novices, includ- ing the Prior, the Cellarius, the Bursarius, and other officers. On the cessation of the plague, when only ten monks were left, a meeting was held for the election of a new Abbot, when the choice fell upon Dringhoe, who was installed ; but the Cellarer, Robert de Rislay, jealous of his elevation to an office which he thought should have been bestowed upon himself, set his wits to work to eject him, and accused him of subornation of felony and being accessory to the fact in receiving a stolen horse. The Abbot was committed to York Castle, pronounced guilty, fined, ordei'ed to find sureties for futui'e good behaviour, and then released. He returned to the Abbey, and in 1355 Rislay charged him, not without cause, with mismanagement of the revenues and actual embezzlement, and obtained a commission, at the head of 58 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. wliich was the Abbot of Fountains, to investigate the charges, which resulted in his depiivation, but with the provision that he should have a chamber in the Abbey and an allow- ance of five marks per amium. Dringhoe, however, was not the man to submit meekly to this decision. He fled to Rome, laid his complaint at the foot of the Pope, who took a favourable view of his case, and upon his communicating with the Abbey, Rislay deemed it prudent to resign. The monks thereupon assembled in conclave, and instead of re-instating Dringhoe, elected Robert de Beverley, who, finding his tenure of ofiice not very firm, sent a messenger to Rome to bribe the ex- Abbot to refrain from oj^position, who consented on the following terms : That he should have a pension of 100 shillings per annum ; a chamber in the Abbey, with firing and litter for the floor ; a servant, and horses for himself and servant ; a monk to bear him company at table ; that he should sit on the right of the Abbot in Chapter ; be exempt from all cloisteral, choral, and chapter seiwices ; be at liberty to go forth and converse with seculars when he chose ; and have all the expenses of his journey to Rome paid. Robert de Beverley governed the Abbey from 1356 to 1369, when he died, and Dringhoe was re-instated, dying five or six years afterwards, it is not precisely known when, but his successor, William de Scarburgh, was appointed to the vacant ofiice in 1372. During his second Abbacy, the Abbey Church was bm-nt, the cause of which is not known. DUNHILL, SNOWDEN, CONVICT, Oh. circa 1836, A notorious thief, Ijorn at a Adllage on the Wolds towards the end of the 18th century, soon after which his parents CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 59 removed to Spaklington, and both dying, left him an orphan when young. At the age of fourteen or fifteen he was placed with the widow of a farmer to work for his food and clothing, without any wages. Being passionately fond of cock-fighting, he commenced his career of crime by stealing his mistress' corn to feed his game cocks ; and from that proceeded to robbing granaries and disposing of the spoil to two or three millers, who purchased it at a low price, as an equivalent for keeping the secret. In early manhood he married the widow of a thief, named Taylor, set up a cottage on the road between Spaldington and Market Weighton, spent his days in loafing about and his nights in plundering bams and committing burglaries ; but although he was generally suspected, he succeeded in evading detection. On one occasion he was shot, when attempting to break into a house ; but was carried off by his comrades, to Howden, where thirty-seven shots were extracted from his back. At length, in 1812, he was apj)rehended on a charge of highway robbery of which he was innocent, committed to the East Riding Gaol, Beverley, and sent to York to be tried, on the gi-ound that an East Riding jury would be prejudiced by his suspected evil character, where he was convicted, sentenced to seven years transportation and served the term at the Hulks. On his liberation he returned to Spaldington and found his family scattered in the foUowint^ way, as he states in his autobiography : His wife, whose former husband had been shot when committing a robbery, had been transported, after commit- ting a series of depredations. Rose, his favourite daughter, was a convict in York Castle where she had given birth to an illegitimate child. " After her release she was again committed to Wakefield House of Correction, and I have never since heard of her. She had cohabited with two men, both of whom had been transported." 60 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Sarah, his other daughter, had been imprisoned in York Castle and the East Riding Gaol, and was afterwards sentenced to seven years transportation at the Beverley Borough Sessions, for robbery. She had cohabited with three men, all of whom had been transported. William, his son, was also undergoing a fourteen years' term of transportation. " He, poor fellow, died immediately on liis aiTival in New South Wales. He was the most promising of my family, and, with different examples before him, would probably have proved an ornament to society." Robert Taylor, his step-son, brought up by him, had also been transported. Not being able to obtain work, he fell into his old practices, about Hull and North Lincolnshire ; and having heard that the Botany Bay convicts led an easy life, besides having a yearning to be with his family, most of whom were there, he resolved to qualify himself for a free passage to the Antipodes. Accordingly he committed a transportable offence, in Lincolnshire, was tried, convicted, and sent thither. After some time he and his wife obtained tickets of free- dom, and settled in Hobart Town, where she opened a school. With all her criminal propensities, Mrs. Dunhill was a rabidly pious woman, a religious fanatic, could quote scrip- ture phraseology as glibly as any Puritan or Covenanter, and was looked upon as a saint. She also made pies, which her husband hawked aboiit the town. He afterwards fell into drunken habits, and was suspected of practising his old vocation. When he died is not known. When serving his term, he wrote his autobiography, but knew not how to get it published until he accidentally met with a sailor, whom he had saved from drowning when a boy at Spaldington, who brought the MS. to England and had it printed. He was evidently a man of superior mental ability, as the style of writing in his autobiography indicates. The following passage is from a description of his journey to CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 61 London en route for Botany Bay : " The beautiful Lincoln- sliire liills on my left, and the still more beautiful hills and dales and woods of my own native Yorkshire, lent their charms to form a landscape I never saw equalled, and in casting my last lingering gaze upon it, I felt that the inani- mate beauties of creation must now to me for ever be a blank. "The Life of Snowden Dunliill : written by himself." Howden, 1833. EDDOWES, KEY. JOHN, M.A., YICAR OF GARTON, Educated at Cambridge; B.A., 1850 ; M. A., 1853 ; Yicar of Garton, 1852-7 ; B.C. of St. Jude's, Bradford, 1857. • Author of : " The Agricultural Labourer as he really is : or Village Morals in 1854 : a Pamphlet for the Present Day." Driffield, 1854. [Re- plied to in " Masters and Men ; in reply to the Pamphlet of the Rev. John Eddowes, entitled, ' The Agricultural Labourer, etc,' by William Barugh." Driffield, 1854.] "Martinmas Musings: or thoughts about the Hiring Day." Driffield, 1854. " Leisure Hours : A Lecture delivered before the Members of the Driffield Mechanics' Institute," Driffield, 1855. " The Union of Church and State : what is it ? and what does the Bible say about it ? : a Lecture." Third thousand, 1861. D'ESBEC, SIR WALTER, KT., KIRKHAM AND HAMLAKE (HELMSLEY), Ob. 1153, A wan-ior of great distinction, who held a chief command at the battle of the Standard, 1138, and contributed to the victory, not only by his prowess, but by a spiiited address to the troops, uttered with " a voice like a trumpet," from the waggon which supported the tkree holy Standards of York, Bevei'ley, and Ripon. For his services he was rewarded with divers lands in the Counties of York and Northumber- land, of which the Manor of Kirkham formed a portion. He was Justice of the Forests of Yorkshii-e, teynj). Henry I. ; 62 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. and a Justice Itinerant, in 1 1 30, for the Counties of York, Durham, and Cumberland. Ailred, Abbot of Eievaulx, describes him as "prudent in council and discreet in war, a trusty fiiend, a loyal subject, of giant-like statiu'e, but comely," etc. By his wife Adelina, he had an only son, who was killed by a fall from his horse, at Frithby, near Kirkliam, on the spot where a stone cross was afterwards erected to his memory. Rendered thus childless, and giief-stricken by the event, he consulted his uncle, AVilliam d'Espec, rector of Carton, as to the disposal of his estates, who advised him "to make Chi-ist his heir," Falling in with the suggestion, he converted his mansion at Kirkham into a Priory for Austin Canons to the honour of the Holy Trinity, 1121, and endowed it wdth seven chiu'ches and estates in Northumberland, nominating his uncle the fii'st Prior. He founded also the Cistercian Abbey of Rievaulx, the first of that order established in England, dedicated, as was usual vdth the Cistercians, to the Yii-gin Mary ; also the Priory of Waxden, County of Beds. In 1151 he became a monk of Rievaidx, and died and was buried there two yeai-s afterwards. The remainder of his estates passed to his sisters (co-heiresses), Hawise, who man-ied William de Buissy ; Albi'eda, who married Geoflfrey de Traili ; and Adeline, who married Peter de Eos, of Holdemess, from whom sprang the line of Ros, of Hamlake, whose present representative is the Duke of Rutland. EUSTACE FITZ JOHN, FEUDAL LORD OF MALTON AND WATTON. Oh. 1157. This potent noble, " one of the chiefest Peers of England," descended from Serlo de Biu'gh, Baron of Tonsbergh, Nor- CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 63 mancly, who came to England with Dnke "William and had a gi-ant of Knaresborough, Aldborongh, etc. ; and remotely, from Charles, Duke of Ingeheim, fifth son of Charlemagne ; was the son of John, surnamed " Monoculus," by Maud, aunt of KLing Stephen. He married, first, Beatrix, daughter and heiress of Yvo de Vesci, with whom he obtained the Barony of Alnwick ; and secondly, Agnes, davighter and heii'ess of William Fitz Nigel, Baron of Halton and Cons- table of Chestei", and became, ju7-e uxoris, inheritor of those dignities ; he succeeded to the Lordships of Malton and Watton through his mothei', the granddaughter and heiress of Gilbert Tyson. By his former wife he had issue William, who assumed the name of de Yesci ; by the latter, Richard, who married Albreda de Lizours, half-sister, on the mother's side, of Robert de Lacy, whose issue, without any legal right, succeeded to the Lordship of Pontefract, assumed the name of de Lacy and became Earls of Lincoln. King Henry I. made him considerable grants of land, including the town of Alnwick (he already held the castle), and constituted him Govei-nor of Bamborough Castle and Justice Itinerant in the Northern Counties. In the succeed- ing reign he adhered to the Empress Maud, daughter of his friend, King Henry, and placed the castles of Malton and Alnwick in the hands of the Scots, to hold for her, who desolated the siuTounding coimtry. To o})pose them, Arch- bishop Thurstan raised an army and defeated them signally at the battle of the Standard, 1138. Eustace, who fought bravely on that occasion, fled to Scotland, but on submission to King Stephen, was restored and permitted to return. To make amends for the damage he had caused, he re-built Malton, which had been burnt by Thurstan, to dislodge the Scots; re-founded the Gilbertine Priory, 11.50; founded, at Aln^vick, 1147, a monastery for Premonstrasensian Canons ; re-buUt, 1 1 49, Watton Abbey, which had been destroyed by the Danes, 870 ; established a hospital at Broughton, near 64 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Mai ton, 1155; and was a great benefactor to St. Mary's Abbey, York. After an active and somewhat turbulent career, he was slain in Flintshii-e, fighting against the Welsh. DE EITON, STEPHEN, CHEONICLER, Vix. 14th century, A monkish historian, Canon Regular of the Piioiy of Warter, and supposed to have been a native of Etton. Author of "Life of King Edward II.," written circa 1320, "whose misfoi-tunes," says Nicolson, "are very honestly wiitten, without either flattery or contempt." FIDDES, REV. RICHARD, D.D., POLEMIC, 1671—1725, A learned divine, who was born at Hunmanby ; took Holy Orders, 1694 ; became Chajilain to the Earl of Oxford ; Rector of Halsham, Holderness, 1696 ; Chaplain to the Hull garrison ; and Chaplain to Queen Anne. Dr. Fiddes was an able and eloquent preacher, but the mar,shy nature of the coiintry round Halsham deprived him of the power of articulating distinctly, and he was only able to recover the use of his voice, temporarily, by di-inking a considerable quantity of wine ; he was, consequently, compelled eventually to resign the living. He was a somewhat conspicuous figure amongst the gi'oup of litei'ary notabilities of the "Augustan era," and allied himself to the party of Swift and Atterbury. His opponents charged him with a leaning towards Popery and that he evinced his enmity to the Reformation, by disguised expressions of opinion in his works, especially in his "Life of Wolsey." In a pecuniary point of view, his writings do not appear CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 65 to have been veiy successful, and having a wife and large family to maintain, he was always in a state of financial embarrassment. In the dedication of one of his sermons to Sir George Strickland, he expresses himself very warmly and gi-atefully for the bestowal of some favour, and when his friend Swift solicited 'the Chaplainship of the Hull Gaol for him, he described him as "a clergyman in the neighbourhood, who had lately been in gaol and published sermons to pay the fees." On leaving Halsham, he settled in London, and through the influence of Swift, obtained a Royal Chaplaincy, with a prospect of further preferment, but the death of the Queen, soon after, dispelled all his hopes, and he retii'ed to Putney, where he earned a scanty subsistence by his pen, and there he died. "Works : "A Sermon preached on Thanksgiving Day, Dec. 3rd, 1702, for the signal successes vouclisafed to Her Majesty's Forces by Sea and Lands ; under the command of the Earl of Marl- borough, in the Low Countries ; and James, Duke of Ormond, General, and Sir George Rook, Admiral, at Vigo ; and also to those her Allies, engaged in the present War against France and Spain ; and likewise for the Recovery of H.R.H. the Prince of Denmark." York 1703. " A Thanksgiving Sermon preached 25th Aug. 1705 : or a Dis- course showing that God, in the Government of the World, acts by particular Wills." York, 1705. " The Proofs and Influence of a Future Judgment, considered upon Acts xxiv. 25." York [no date]. " A Preparatory Epistle concerning some Remarks to be pub- lished on Homer's Iliad, occasioned by the proposal of Mr. Pope towards a new English Version of that Poem. Ad- dressed to the Rev. Dr. Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's." 1714. " Theologia Speculativa et practica : a Body of Divinity." 2 vols., folio, London, 1718-20. Portrait by Pigne. [For writing this work, which he sold to Lintot for 250 guineas, he had confer- red on liim the degree of D.D.] " Fifty-two practical Sermons." Folio, London, 1720. Portrait by Vertue. 66 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " The Doctrine of a Future State and that of the Soul's Immor- tality, proved in a letter to a Free-thinker, occasioned by the late Farl of Buckinghamshire's Epitaph." London, 1721. " The Life of Cardinal Wolsey." Folio, London, 1724. Portrait by Vertue ; Portrait of Wolsey ; Engraving of Coins struck at York ; and six other Plates. [" A Dry Detail, inter- spersed with Dull and Trite Kemarks." — Lowndes.] FLETCHER, DICKY, BRIDLINGTON, 1748—1827, Tlie Bellman of Bridlington, who was killed in his 80th year, by falling down the steps of a cellar ; famous for his facetious and rhyming announcements, delivered in the unadulterated Doric of his native tongue of which the following is a specimen : " Tak'n oop this foornoon, opud th' nooarth sans, Two keis, which I hev in my hans, Wo-iver lies lost 'em mun just cum to mea An they sal hev 'em agean, an we can agreea. GARNET, JOHN, D.D., BISHOP OF CLOGHER, IRELAND, 1710—1782, Born at Sigglesthorne, the son of the Rev. John Garnet, M.A., Rector of Barmston and Sigglesthorne, by Frances, daughter of William Barnard. His grandfather, Henry, was Vicar of Kilham, who died 1686, and his great-grand- father, Anthony, a merchant at Newcastle. He was educated at Cambridge, where he graduated and became Fellow of Sydney Sussex College, after which he was appointed Chaplain to Lionel, 1st Duke of Dorset, Lord- Lieutenant of Ireland, 1731, with whom he went to Dublin, and after some minor preferments, was nominated Bishop of Ferns, 1752, whence he was translated to Clogher, 1758, CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 67 and held the dignity until his death, fourteen years after. Author of : *' A Dissertation on the Book of Job : its Nature, Age, and Author." London, 1749. " Introductory Discourse on the Book of Job." London, 1754. In these works he endeavours to shew that the Book of Job is an Allegorical Drama, representing the Captivity and Restoration of the Jews, and intended to inculcate the virtue of patience under calamity. DE GANT OR GHENT, WALTER, HUNMANBY, Oh. 1139, Lord of the Manor of Bx-idlington and Territorial Baron of Htmmanby, descended from Baldwin, Earl of Flanders, by Maud, sister of William the Conqueror, and son of Gilbert de Gant, (who held a command at the battle of Hastings and was rewarded by a grant of fifty-four Lordships), by Alice, daughter of Hugh de Mountford. He was one of the defenders of York, against Gospatric and Waltheof, who laid siege to the city in behalf of Eadgar the Atheling, assisted by a Dano-Scottish fleet, and was taken prisoner in the second siege. Walter mai-ried Maud, daughter of Stephen, Earl of Britanny, and had issue, Gilbert, who became, jure uxoris, Earl of Lincoln ; Robert, a Justice Itinerant, teni]). Henry III. ; and Geoflfrey. He was a brave warrior, and fought in old age at the battle of the Standard, 1138, "where, by his eloquent speech and pi'udent conduct, the enemy received a total overthrown" He was also a man of great piety and founded, circa 1114, the noble Priory of Bridlington for Canons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine, which he endowed with his estates in that town. William Wode or Wolde, the last Prior, was hanged at Tyburn, 1537, for com2)licity in the Insurrection E 68 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. of the Pilgrimage of Grace. At the Dissohition, its revenues were estimated, according to Dugdale, at £547 6s. lid. ; according to Speed, at £682 13s. 9d., -per annum. GOODAIRE, THOMAS, MALTON, Fix. 1660. In the course of his evangelisiaicr tours George Fox, as appears from his Journals, frequently came to Malton. In 1651, he writes : " Then I turned to Malton again and very gi'eat meetings there were, to which more people would have come, but durst not for fear of then- relations, for it was thought a strange thing to preach in houses and not in the church, as they called it." On this occasion one of the " Priests " invited him to preach in the " Steeple-house," and as he had had a vision in which it was told him that he might do so " to gather the people from hence," he accepted the invitation, and going thither found the other priest preaching to a congi-egation of eleven persons. Wlien he had finished, he intimated to Fox that he might take his place, who declined entering the pulpit, as an abominable invention, "in which Priests lolled, and which the people regarded with idolatry," and instead stood on a seat and declaimed, to a congregation which now filled the church, against false prophets, pointing out to them the marks by which they might distinguish who were the true successors of Christ and his Apostles. It was probably on this or some similar occasion that Goodaire, " the miserable old Quaker of Malton," was con- verted. He soon after went forth on a mission proclaiming the tenets of " the Friends," underwent much of obloquy and persecution so characteristic of that period of sectarian antagonism, and at length was apprehended -with one CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 69 Benjamin. Staples, at Oxford, and brought for trial before the Judge of Assize, Sir William Walter, " upon the 2nd day of the 8 th month, called, by the world, October, in the year 1660." As nothing criminal could be proved against them, "on purpose to ensnare us they tendered me the oath of allegiance, which I declined to take, as contrary to the command of the Lord Jesus, and that I chose rather to obey Christ Jesus than King Charles;" upon which the Judge, after consulting with the Ju.stices, said " Hear your sentence : You are out of the King's protection ; and all your lands, goods, and chattels are forfeited, to be ceased on for the use of the King, and you are to remain in prison during the King's pleasure." Goodaire asked if they were to be ironed. The Judge replied, " The jaylor may dooe what he wished with us, as we were out of the King's protection." How long he remained in the County Gaol, Oxford, does not appear : his " True Relation " is dated from there " this 7th day of the 8th month." It may not be generally known that it was at Malton the Friends obtained the nick-name of " Quakers." Author of : " A True Relation : what sentence was passed upon the Servants of the Lord, by one who is in commission to do justice, called by the world Sir William Walter, with the consent of the rest of those called Justices, that sat upon the Bench with him, at that time, because we could not swear for conscience sake, but abide in the doctrine of Christ who saith, ' Swear not at all " also, something in answer to it sliewing the unjustness of their proceedings against us : with a warning to them to repent and turn from the evil of their ways and fear the Lord, least the judgments of God come upon them unawares." London, IGGO. [A small thin quarto, giving a very meagre account of the trial occupying three or four pages.] "The Cry of the Just against Oppression." London, 1660. There is a copy of each of these productions in the British Museum. 70 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. GREENWOOD, W., MALTON. Author of : " The Vale of Apperley and other Poems." Malton, 1823. GRIFFITH, LADY MARY, BURTON AGNES, Oh. circa 1675. Daughtei- and co-heiress of Sir Henry Willoughby, Bart., of the county of Derby ; maiTied, Sir Heniy Griffith, 1st Bart., and had issue Sij' Henry, 2nd Bart., at whose death, 1656, the Baronetcy became extinct, and Frances, sole heii'ess to her brother, who by marriage with Sir Matthew Boynton, Bart., of Barmston, conveyed the Burton Agnes estates to that family. In 1675, there was published, on London Bridge, "Heart Salve for a wounded Soul and Eye Salve for a Blind World : with an Elogie on the Lady Mary Griffith, of Biu'ton Agnes." HALL, JAMES, SCORBRO', SPORTSMAN, 1801—1877. James Hall was a model country squire of the Sir Tatton Sykes and Sir Roger de Coverley ty])e ; a good and liberal landlord ; a hospitable host ; a benefactor to the poor ; and a devoted upholder of old English field sports, especially that of hunting. He was born in Beverley, the son of Samuel Hall, an Attorney, who served the office of Mayor for the Borough in 1811 and 1820, from whom he inherited an ample fortune, with which he settled down to a country life at Scorbro', the old historically famous home of the Hothams. Here he devoted himself to agricultural pursuits and became famous for his breed of sheep. But it is as the Master of the CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 71 Holderness Foxhounds that he will be remembered, his name in the annals of sporting ranking with the Osbaldestons the Assheton Smiths, and other Nimrods of the chase. He assumed the mastei'ship in the year 1847, and for thirty years, by assiduous attention and judicious management of the kennels, he maintained the reputation of the hunt, on a footing equal to that of any in the country. He suffered several mishaps during his career, in the way of broken and dislocated limbs, but looked upon such as matters of covu^se ; and a few years ago a sporting joxu'nal said of him, " A gamer man never crossed a horse ; and in spite of his weight and his being crippled, he still holds his own across Holder- ness." In 1857, his friends and admirers entered into a subscription of 1200 guineas, and presented him, in the Assembly Rooms, Beverley, with his portrait (equestrian), by Grant, E,.A., and a silver dinner service, as a testimonial of their appreciation of his worth and services. He was buried in the beautiful little church of Scorbro', which he had re-built, at his own cost, a few years before, and was followed to the gi-ave by a long procession of representatives of the foremost families of the East Riding. HALLAM, JOHN, CONSPIRATOR, Executed 1637, A man of some local importance and considerable popularity in the neighbourhood of Cawkill, where he resided ; a Romanist, and determined opponent of the " sacrilegious " acts of Hemy VIII. in the suppression of the monasteries and the assumption of the Headship of the Church. He is first heard of at Kilnwick, where the priest announced from the pulpit that St. Wilfrid's Day would be no longer observed, as it had been suppressed by the King, which 72 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. excited Hallani's "wxatli, who, in spite of the King's procla- mation, induced the villagers to keep it as usual, with the customary ceremonies. Shortly after, he chanced to go to Beverley, where he heard of the rising of the Pilgrims of Grace, in Lincolnshire, and read Aske's Address to the people of the East Riding of York, calling upon the Catholics to take up arms and unite with the Pilgrims in the restoration of the old faith and the re-establishment of the monasteries. He at once took the Pilgrim's oath, and there and then was appointed one of the Captains of the Commons between Beverley and Driffield. When the insurgents were organized, a section, under "William Stapleton, Captain of the Beverley contingent, under whom Hallam and the Woldsmen served, advanced upon Hull, captured it, and Hallam was appointed Gover- nor of the town ; a circumstance which led Tickell and others into the error that he took the town, whereas he was only the subordinate of Stapleton. When tidings reached Hull of the melting away of the insurgent army, at Doncaster, Rogers, the Mayor, and AJdei'man Eland turned him out of the gates, and issued a proclamation, announcing that they held the town for the King ; for which loyal conduct they were both knighted. With others of the rebels, he participated in the general pardon; but the following year, 1537, he was sufficiently foolish to engage in the mad scheme of the second Pilgiim- age, which was concocted, at Setterington, by himself, Sir Erancis Bigod, Wode, Prior of Bridlington, and other monks and priests, who had been turned out of their comfortable homes. Bigod and Hallam were the leaders, and when they had assembled a body of ill-armed, undisciplined men, they marched upon Beverley and Hull ; the former place being taken by Bigod, whilst Hallam and his followers entered Hull, on the market day, in the guise of farmers, hoping to CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 73 induce the townspeople and maiket folks to make a demon- stration in their favour and assist them in taking possession of the town ; but they met with a very cool reception, and hearing that the authorities were on the alert, hastened to make their escape. Hallam and two or three others got outside the gate, when one cried out, " Will you go your ways and leave your men behind you to their fate 1" when he turned back to render them assistance, but was met at the gate by Aldermen Eland and Knowles, who seized the bridle of his horse and struck at him with a dagger. Hallam drew his sword in self-defence, and at that moment Bigod came up with his followers, wlien Hallam was dragged inside and the gates shut against Bigod, who returned to Beverley. A-ske then appeared before the town, and endeavoured to save him, at first by entreaty and then by menaces, but the Governors of Hull would not listen to him : and Hallam was forthwith tried, convicted, and in a very summary fashion hung outside the gate, on the spot where he had turned round to re-enter the town to assist his followers. HAEDYNGE, JOHN, ANNALIST, Circa 1378—1465. It is uncertain where Hardynge was born, but it is prob- able that he first saw the light on the Wolds, or somewhere in their vicinity, as he was brought up and educated by the Earl of Northumberland and was a member of his house- holds at Leckonfield and Wressle. He fought under the banner of his patron Hotspur at Homledon Hill, 1402, and the following year at Shrewsbury, where Hotspur was slain. In 1 405, he was appointed Con- stable of Warkworth Castle ; served in France under Robert de Umfraville at the taking of Harfleur, and under the 74 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Duke of Bedford in a sea fight off the mouth of the Seine. In the reign of Henry V., he was sent to Scotland to recover the deeds of homage of the Kings of Scotland to the Cro^vn of England, which had been given up, by Mortimer, during the minority of King Edward III, He succeeded in getting hold of them and brought them back to England, but at the peril of his life. King James I., of Scotland, offered him a bribe of one thousand marks to destroy a portion of them, which he refused. For this service he was rewarded with a pension of £10, another, afterwards, of £20 per anniun and a manor in the county of Lincoln. As a chronicler, he was authentic and industrious, but deficient in grace of style. Cambell says, " His head would appear to have been much better furnished for sustaining the blows of battle than for its poetical celebration, and Warton says that the Chronicle is " below criticism," whilst Winstanley — such is the difference of critical taste — says that "his prose was as useful as his poetry was delightful." " Chronicle in Metre fro the first begynnyng of Englande vnto ye Eeigne of Edwarde ye fourthe, by John Harydyng, where he made an ende of his Chronicle. And from yt tyme is added a Continuacion of the Story, in prose, to this our tyme, etc., by Kichard Grafton." London, 1543. [Best edition, edited by Henry (afterwards Sir H.) Ellis, with Biographical and Literary Preface. London, 1812.] The following is a specimen of Hardynge's style : " Kyng Athelstan then fraunchesid Beuerley, In the worship of God and [of ] Sainct John, Wher in his lyfe is written for euer and aye The miracle of his stroke so in the Stone, That neuer man might dooe but Athilston. Through grace of God and his direccion [Through] prayer of Sainct John and affeccion." See Dibdin's " Typogi-aphical Antiquities" and Phillips' "Theatre Poet. Anglicanus." CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 75 HESLOP, REV. JOHN WALLIS, ANTIQUARY, Oh. 1871, Ordained Deacon, 1842 ; Priest, 1843 (both by the Arch- bishop of York) ; Cm-ate of Feliskirke, near Tliirsk, 1843 ; Vicar of Weaverthorpe, 1856. In conjunction with Canon Greenwell, of Durham, he opened several of the tumuli and bari'ows of the Wolds, and made a valuable collection of early British, Saxon, and Danish relics, disinterred from the sepulchres of those long past denizens of the district. HESLERTON, SIR JOHN, KT., LORD OF THE MANOR OF LOWTHORPE, Vix. 14-th century. In the year 1333, he established a College for six Chantry Priests, at Lowthorpe, to which Sir Thomas, probably his son, in 1364, added a chantry, endowing it with lands, under a proviso that the priests should offer up perpetual prayers for the repose of his soul and that of his wife. The Manor of Lowthoi-pe passed, by tlie marriage of a heiress, to the St. Quuitin's. HIBBERT, REV. HENRY, D.D., 1600—1678, Born in Cheshire ; educated at Oxford ; B.A., 1622 ; D.D., 1665 ; Rector of Setterington ; Vicar of Holy Trinity Church, Hull, 1651, ejected for Nonconformity, 1660 ; Rector of All-Hallows, London, 1662; Prebendaiy of 76 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Chamberlain's Wood, St. Paul's, London, 1668-9; and Vicar of St. Olave, Jewry, London. Author of : " The Waters of Marah." London, 1G54. " Regina Dierum." London, 1G(J1. " Syntagma Theologiam : or a Treatise comprehending a Body of Divinity and the Fundamentals of Religion." Folio, 16C2. " Systema Theologiam : whereunto are added certaine Discour- ses." London, 1632. Portrait by Loggan. HODGSON, EDWARD, SCAMPSTON, Died 1760, aged 110 years. HORDERN, REV. JOSEPH, M.A., BURTON AGNES, Ob. 1877, Educated at Oxford; B.A., 1816; M.A., 1820; Vicar of Burton Agnes with Harpham, 1855; Rural Dean of Bur- lington. Author of : " Plain Directions for Reading to the Sick." Third edition, London, 1830. "Sermons." London, 1830. " The Armour of Light : Four Advent Sermons." London, 1851. HORDERN, REV. JOSEPH CALVELEY, KIRBY GRINDALYTHE, Son of Rev. Joseph Hordern, swpra ; educated at St. Aidan's; Deacon, 1855 ; Priest, 1856 ; chaplain in H.M. Ships CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 77 Diadem, Orlando, Edgar, and Dauntless ; Curate of Burton Agnes ; and Vicar of Kirby Grindalythe, near Sledmere, 1867. Author of : " Sermons to Seafaring Men." 18G0. "Five Assize Sermons." 18G9. HOTHAM, REV. CHARLES, M.A., VICAR OF HOL- LYM, HOLDERNESS, AND RECTOR OF WIGAN, Circa 1612, Ante 1685, Son of Sir Jolin Hotliam, 1st Bart., of Scorbro', by bis second wife, Anne, daughter of Ralph Rokeby ; nianied Eliza- beth, daughter of Stephen Thompson, of Humbleton, and had issue Charles, itli Bart.; educated at Oxford ; B.A., 1635-6; M.A., 1639; Fellow of Peterhouse, 1644; Proctor, 1646; University Preacher, 1646 ; Vicar of Hollym, 1640-4 ; Rector of Wigan, 1646, ejected, 1662, after which he went to the West Indies. Author of : " In Philosophiam Teutonicam Manuductio sive Determinatio de Origine Animoe Ilarmonioe." London, 1G4S. [Translated into English, by D. F. London, 1650.] " Corporations Vindicated in their Fundamental Liberties from a negative voice and other unjust Prerogatives of their chief ofBcers, destructive to true freedom." London, 16.51. " Petition and Argument before the Committee for the Relief of Universities against the Negative right of the Master of Peterhouse, 16th April, 1G51." London, 1G51. Also, Two Sermons. HOTHAM, SIR GALFRID OR GEOFFREY, KT., CRANSWICK, Vix. temp. Edward I. Sir Geoffrey is supposed to have belonged to a collateral 78 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. branch of the Hothams of Scorbro', although his name does not appear in any pedigi-ee of the family. He was one of the Collectors of the Quinclisme in the county of York 29th Edward I. ; was a partizan of Thomas of Lancaster ; had a license from Ai'chbishop Coi'bridge to found an Oratory for life on his Manor of Crans^vick, and in 1331, founded, in Hull, a House of Austin Friars, a large building in Monk- gate, extending to the Market Place, where stood a stately chapel, and " was adorned with spacious coiu-ts, curious gardens, and pleasant fountains." John de Wetwang, another "Woldsman, was afterwards a benefactor. At the Suppres- sion, it was pulled down ; but a portion of the walls formed a part of the old Town Hall. Richard, his son, undertook, on the part of himself and successors, to pay the fee farm rent to the King, in consideration of the soiils of himself and his wife Avicia being prayed for by the brethren. George Fox, the Father of the Quakers, speaks in his diary, 1651, of a visit made to "Justice Hotham,"of Cranswick, doubtless a descendant, as "a pretty tender man, one that had some experience of God's workings in his heart." He further tells us that whilst sojourning there, a woman of Beverley came and told him of the appearance of an angel in Beverley Minster, which appears to have beeii Fox himself, as he informed the Justice that on that day he had entered " the Steeple House in Beverley and had declared the truth to the priest and people." HOTHAM, SIR JOHN, 1st BART., SCORBRO', Executed 1645, Son of Sir John Hotham, Kt., by his third wife, Jane, daughter of Richard Lydyard or Legard, of Rysome; married, first, Katherine, daughter of Sir John Rhodes, of the county of Derby, and had issue, Sir John, whom see infra; secondly, Anne, daughter of Ralph Rokel)y, of York, and had issue, CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 79 Eev. Charles, father of Sir Charles, 4th Bart. ; thirdly, Frances, daughter of John Legard, of Ganton ; fourtldy, Catherine, daughter of Sir William Bambrough, Kt. ; fifthly, Sarah, daughter of Thomas Anlaby, of Etton. Created Baronet, 1621 ; M.P. for Beverley, 1625— 1G2G, 1628, and twice in 1640 ; Governor of Hull, 1641. In early life he entered upon a military career, served in the Low Countries and Germany, and fouglit at the battle of Prague. At the commencement of the stiiiggle between King Charles and the Parliament, he adhered to the former and was appointed to the Governorship of Hull, the most important magazine of munitions of war in the kingdom. Charles, knowing the importance of possessing the town, came thither when war was inevitable, but Hotham shut the gates against him, and he was compelled to retii-e discomfited to York, for which service Hotham received the thanks of the Parliament. But when Fairfax was appointed to the Generalship of the North, he felt slighted, thinking that the post was his by right, and he refused to receive orders from Lord Fairfax, wherevipon the Parliament determined to remove him and a])point a more tractable Governor, which irritated him all the more, and he resolved to transfer his allegiance to the King and deliver Hull into his hands. This determination has been attributed to compunctions of conscience, awakened by the conversation of the Royalist prisoner Lord Digby, but a jealous pique was more probably the real cause. He entered into correspondence with the Eoyalists, but the plot was discovered, and he fled from the towoi with a view of fortifying his house at Scorbro', for the King, but was apprehended, when passing through Beverley, by his nephew, Captain Boynton, conveyed back to Hull, whence he was sent to London, arraigned along with his son, for "traitorously betraying the trust i-eposed in him by Parlia- ment," convicted, and beheaded on Tower Hill. 80 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. In the British Museum may be seen a gi-eat number of war tracts relating to Sir John's treachery, the first of the series being entitled, " Teri-ible and Trve Nevvse from Beverley and the City of York, wherein is a trve Relation of the beseiging of the Town of Hull, by the King's Majestie, with 6,000 Horse and Foot, on Thursday, July 7, 1642 : also of Sir John Hotham's drowning the country within foure miles of Hull and what hath happened since," etc. HOTHAM, SIR JOHN, D.D., 9th BART., SOUTH DALTON, BISHOP OF OSSORY AND CLOGHER, 1734—1795, Second son of Sir Beaumont, 7th Bart., by Frances, daughter of the Rev. William Thompson ; married, Susan, daughter of Sir Herbert Mackworth, Bart. ; had issue. Sir Charles Beaumont, 10th Bai-t. After leaving college, he became Vicar of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, London, and Ai'chdeacon of Middlesex ; went with the Earl of Buckinghamshire, Lord-Lieiitenant of Ireland, to that country, 1777, and was promoted to the Bishopric of Ossory, 1779, whence he was translated to that of Clogher, 1782, where he died of a paralytic stroke HOTHAM, SIR JOHN, KT., Executed 1645, Eldest son of Sir John Hotham, Bart, supra, by his first wife, Katharine ; married, first, Frances, daughter of Sir John Wray, Kt., of the county of Lincoln, and had issue, Sir John, 2nd Bart. ; secondly, Margaret, daughter of CKLEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 81 Thomas Lord Fairfax ; thirdly, Isabel, daughter of Sii' Henry Auderson, Kt. Su- John was a dashing and gallant Parliamentarian officer and " had he lived would have made a glorious cavalry officer ; a dare-devil sort of fellow, always ready for any daring exploit." He was engaged in many sku-mishes ; captm-ed Selby ; made a raid upon Cawood and fi-ightened away Archbishop Williams, who fled to Wales and never retui-ned ; opposed Newcastle at a ford on the Tees, but was defeated and fled, joining Faii-fax, at Wetherby, who after- wards suspected him of disloyalty to Parliament and placed him under arrest, but he escaped, joined his father, in Hull, and concurred with him in his design of delivering up the town to the King. With his father, he fled, was arrested in Beverley, sent to London, and beheaded the day before his father. HOTHAM, JOHN, S.T.P., BISHOP OF ELY AND LORD CHANCELLOR, Ob. 1336, Second son of Su- John Hotham, of Scorbro', by Maude, daughter of Robert de Hilton, of the county of Durham, and uncle of John, Baron Hotham, by Writ of Summons, 1315. He was educated at Oxford, and is said to have been Provost of Queen's and Vice-Chancellor of the University, although Richardson says that Queen's College was not then founded and that there was then no Vice-Chancellor. He was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, Ireland, 1310, and Prebend of Stillington, 1316-16, when he was sent on an Embassy to France. In 1314-5, he was sent to Ireland, when invaded by Edward Bruce, to treat for a reconciliation with the Barons, but was only partially successful. He was chosen Bishop of Ely, 1316, and Chaplain to the King, and 82 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. soon after went on a mission to Rome. In 1317-8, he became Treasurer of the Exchequer ; and Lord-Chancellor, 1318-20 and 1327-28. He fought with Archbishop INIelton against the Scots at Myton-on-Swale, where the English were routed by Bruce, and narrowly escaped being taken prisoner. Aftei-wards he was appointed on a Commission to treat with the Scots for a truce, and in 1323, to treat for settling the affairs of Gascony ; he met Queen Isabella, 1 326, on her landing in Suffolk ; the following year was chosen on the Council of Regency ; and in 1328, officiated wth Archbishop Melton at the maiTiage of King Edward III. with Philippa of Hainault, at York. He was " a wise and vertuous, but very mileamed man," and more famous for his material benefactions to than his spiritual edification of the church, conti'ibuting considerable sums towards the completion of Ely Cathedral and building the London Palace of the Bishops of Ely, in Holborn, immoi-talised in the pages of Shakespeare, when the then Bishop is sent by Richard III. for some strawberries out of his Holborn garden. He died at Somersham, and was buried in Ely Cathedral. HOTHAM, SIR WILLIAM HOTHAM, 1st BARON, SOUTH DALTON, 1736—181.3, An eminent naval commander, third son of Sir Beaumont, 7th Bart., descended from Sir John, 1st Bart., supra. He succeeded to the Baronetcy, 1811, on the death of his nephew, Sir Charles, 10th Baron, and was raised to the Peerage, 1797, for naval seiwices, as Baron Hotham of South Dalton in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to the issue male of his father. He entei'ed the service when young, passed through the CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 83 gi-adations of rank, and as Admiral of the White, was second in command under Lord Hood, in the Mediterranean. On Lord Hood's return to Enghmd, he was raised to the chief command, and in 1795, gained a decisive victory over the French fleet, for which he received the thanks of Parliament, was promoted to the rank of Admii-al of the Blue and raised to the Peerage. He served under Nelson at the siege of Bastise, and commanded the Adamant at Camperdown, 1797, where the Dutch, under De Winter, were defeated bj Admii-al Duncan. Dying cod. the Peerage passed to his brother, Beaimiont. HUDSON, SIR JAMES, KT., BESSINGBY, Nat. 1810, A distinguished diplomatist, son of Han-ington Hudson, of Bessingby, by the Lady Anne, daughter of George, 1st Marquis of Townshend ; educated at Rugby, Westminster, Paris, and Rome. Has held the following offices : Assistant Private Secretary to William IV., 1830 ; Gentleman Usher to Queen Adelaide, 1831-49 ; Secretary of Legation, Wash- ington, 1838-43; Secretary of Legation, The Hague, 1843-5; Secretary of Legation, Rio de Janeiro, 1843-50 ; Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, Florence, 1851-2 ; Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, Turin, 1852-63. Knighted, 1853 ; K.C.B., 1855, in recogni- tion of his services in promoting the despatch of the Sardinian contingent to the Crimea ; G.C.B., 18G3. During his residence in Italy, he w^as an ardent sympa- thiser with the people in theii- eflbi-ts for political freedom. F 84 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, HYMERS, REV. JOHN, D.D., F.R.S., F.G.S., BRANDESBURTON, Nat 1803, A celebrated matliematician ; educated at Cambridge; B.A., 1826 ; M.A., 1829 ; B.D., 1836 ; D.D., 1841 ; Fellow and Tutor of King's College and Lady Margaret's Preacher. Rector of Brandesburton, 1852. Author of : " A Treatise on Differential Equation and the Calculus of Finite Differences." 1839. " Elements of the Theory of Astronomy." 1840. " A Treatise on Trigonometry, Plane and Spherical." Third edition, 1811. " A Treatise on the Integral Calculus." Third edition, 184:4. " A Treatise on the Conic Sections." Third edition, 1845. " A Treatise on the Theory of Algebraic Equation." Second edition, 1818. " A Treatise on Analytical Geometry of three Dimensions." Second edition, 1848. Edited " Bishop Fisher's Funeral Sermons on the Lady- Margaret and her Son, Hemy VII ; with Notes and an Appendix. 1840." JACKSON, REV. THOMAS, 1783—1873, An eminent Wesleyan preacher, author, and editor, who, by the mere force of intellectual power and integrity of conduct and in spite of the adverse circumstances of poverty and lack of education in his youth, rose to the highest distinction in the Wesleyan society, and gained a widely-spread fame as a vohiminous and learned writer. He was born at Sancton, near Market Weighton, and was the son of a farm labourer and mole-catcher, who died in 1829 at the age of 83, leaving behind him eleven cliildren. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 85 three of wliom became Wesleyan preachers, and one the mother of the Rev. Jackson Wray, a popular Wesleyan minister of the present day. When a boy he spent his days in tending sheep, then became a farm servant, and afterwards was apprenticed to a carj)entei-, at Shipton. At the age of nineteen, he was converted by the preaching of the Methodists, and soon afterwards, displaying a talent for speaking, he was appointed an " exhortcr," then a " local preacher," and in 1804 was admitted to the ministry as an " itinerant preacher," and five years afterwards married Anne Hollinshead, of Horncastle. His first appointment was to Spilsby, in Lincolnshire, after which he laboured in the circuits of Hoi-ncastle, Lincoln, Leeds, Preston, Sowerby Bridge, Wakefield, Shefiield, Manchester, and London. In 1817, he served the ofiice of Sub-secretary to the Con- ference ; in 1821, was appointed Sub-editor of the Book- room, and from 1824 to 1842 was Editor, superintending, in that capacity, the Comiexion's periodical publications, and can-ying through the Press several of the standard works of the early Wesleyan writers. He was elected to the " Legal Hunch-ed" in 1822, and again in 1872, a distinction conferred on no other preacher. In 1838, and again in 1849, he was chosen President of the Conference, the highest position in the Society ; and from 1842 to 1861, he held the important and responsible post of Theological Tutor at the Richmond Theological Institute. In 1861, he retired to London, resigning all his ofiices, in consequence of the infirmities of age, having served the Society fifty-seven years : twenty, as preacher ; eighteen, as editor ; and nineteen, as theological tutor ; and, eleven years afterwards, died at Hammersmith, and was bviried at Richmond. His memorial sermon was preached in City Road Chapel, London, by Dr. F. Jobson, at the reqixest of the London ministers. " This venerable minister entered on his probation in hia 86 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 21st year and died in his 90th, having maintained an unsulli- ed reputation through the whole period. . . He acquired vast stores of knowledge, but never said 'It is enough,' and con- tinued to read, write, and meditate, almost to the last day of his life. . . . His preaching was sound, instructive, and adapted to great usefidness, though most distinguished by careful exposition. . . . He had the pen of a ready writer, and for nearly sixty years it was kept in constant exercise, his various productions being all devoted to the service of I'eligion." — "Minutes of Conference." Portrait, by Green ; and bust, by Adams, in the Richmond Institute ; the fonner placed there by the students, and the latter by Mr. J. E. Budget. " Recollections of my o-vvti Life and Times, by Thomas Jackson : Edited by the Rev. B. Frankland, B.A. ; with an Introduction and Postscript by George Osborn, D.D." Por- trait. London, 1873. Cheap edition, 1875. Works : " Four Letters to the Rev. J. Cockin, of Holmfirth" [AVho in a sermon had denonunced Arminianism.] 1814-15. " The Life of John Goodwin, A.M., comprising an account of his opinions and writings." 1822. Second edition, 1873. " A Sermon on Genesis xxxii. 3, in ' Sermons on Important Sub- jects.'" 1832. " The Church and the Methodists : A Speech deUvered in the Conference, and published bj request." 1834. " Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the Rev. Richard Watson." 1834. " The AVesleyans Vindicated from the calumnies contained in a Pamphlet entitled ' The Church of England compared with Wesleyan Methodism.' " 1837. " Tlie Centenary of Wesleyan Methodism : a brief Sketch of the Rise, Progress, and Present state of the Wesleyan Methodist Societies throughout the world." 1839. " Wesleyan Methodism : a revival of Apostolical Christianity. A Sermon before Conference." 1839. *' The Fulfilment of the Christian Ministry : A Charge at Liver- pool." 1849. CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 87 " Expository Discourses on various Scripture Facts, etc." 1831*. " The Life of the Rev. Charles Wesley : comprising a Review of his Poetry ; Sketches of the Rise and I'rogress of Methodism ; with Notices of contemporary Events and Characters." 2 vols. 1841. "A Letter to the Rev. Dr. Pusey." 1842. [In reply to a charge of heresy and Antinomianism against the Wesleyans.] " An Answer to the Question, ' Why are you a Wesleyan Metho- dist ?' " 1842. " The Wesleyan Conference : Its Duties and Responsibilities." 1849. "Devotedness to Christ : A Funeral Sermon for S. Stocks, Esq." 1850. " Christian Presbyters : their Office, Duties and Reward. A Ser- mon before Conference." 1850. " Ministerial Duties and Encouragement. A Charge." 1850. " A Funeral Sermon for the Rev. Robert Newton, D.D." 1854. " The Life of the Rev. R. Nevrton, D.D." 1855. " The Duties of Christianity Theoretically and Practically Con- sidered." 1857. " A Funeral Sermon for the Rev. Dr. Bunting." 1858. " The Present Demand for a Well-Trained :Ministry. An Inaugu- ral Address." 1860. " The Providence of God, viewed in the Light of Holy Scripture." 18fJ2. " Aids to Truth and Charity. A Letter to Bishop Fitzgerald [one of the autliors of the Essays ' Aids to Faith,' in reply to ' Essays and Reviews,' in which he spoke disparagingly of the Wesleys.]" 18(J2. " A Sermon at the Jubilee of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society." 18(J3. " The Conversion of the Gentiles : A Missionary Sermon." 1864. " The Apostolical Churches in the Holy Land : their Character and Conduct." 18G6. " A warning against Popery." 1867. [Instigated by a visit to Sancton, where Romanism had been introduced.] " The Wesleyan Doctrine of Conversion vindicated." 1868. " The Institutions of Christianity, exhibited in their Scriptural Character and Practical Bearing." 1868. " The Character of the First Christians : A Sermon." 18G8. Besides the above original works, he edited the following, 88 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. with Prefaces, Introductions, Notes, etc. " The Works of the Kev. John Wesley." 14 vols. 1829-31. " J. Goodwin's Exposition of Romans ix., with two other Tracts by the same." 1834. " The Collected Works of the Rev. Richard Watson, with Life." 12 vols. 1836-7. '• The Christian Armed Against Infidelity : A collection of Trea- tises in Defence of Divine Revelation." 1837. " A Collection of Cliristian Biography." 12 vols. 1837-40. '•' Memou-s of Miss Hannah Ball." 1839. " Hare's Treatise on Justification." 1839. " The Works of the Rev. John Fletcher." " Dr. Watts' ' Death and Heaven.' " 1840. " The Journals of the Rev. Charles Wesley, with Selections from his Correspondence and Poetry, with an Introduction and occasional Notes." 2 vols. 1840. " The Sermons of Anthony Ferindon : with Life." 4 vols. 1849. " John Wesley's Journals." 4 vols. 1864. " The Lives of the Early Methodist Preachers." G vols. 18G5. JESSE, EDWAKD, HUTTON CRANSWICK, 1780—1868, An eminent natm-alist, boiii at Hiitton Ci'answick, son of the Kev. AViliiani Jesse, vicar of that village. At the age of eighteen he entered the Civil Service, as a clerk in the St. Domingo Office, became Px'ivate Secretary to Lord Dart- mouth, President of the Board of Conti'ol, and was aftei-wards appointed to the offices of Gentleman of the Ewiy, Comp- troller of the Copi>er Coinage, Commissioner of Hackney Couches, and Deputy Manager-General of the Royal Parks ; in 1830, retired into private life, devoting his time to literature and the study of natm^al history ; and died at Brighton. He was author of : " Gleanings in Natiu-al History." Third series, 1832-5. Eighth edition, 1854. CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 89 " An Angler's Rambles." 1830. ■" A Suiniiier's Day at Hampton Court." 1839. " A Hand-I5ook of Hampton Court." 1841. Fifth edition, 1852. " A Summer's Day at Windsor." 1841. " Scenes and Tales of Country Life." 1844. Fifth edition, 1858. " Anecdotes of Dogs." 1846. Re-pubhshed in Bohn's Illustrated Library, 1858. "Favourite Haunts and Rural Studies, including Visits to Spots of Interest in the Vicinity of Windsor and Eton." 1847. " Windsor Castle and its Environs." 1848. Edited: " Hofland's British Angler's Manual." 1848; *' White's Natural History of Selborne, with fm-ther Illus- trations and a Biogi-aphical Memoii'." 1850. Fourth edition, 1861 ; "Walton and Cotton's Complete Aoigler, with various Notes," etc. 1856 and 1861. J. Heneage Jesse, his son, 1815, was the author of several historical works, and liis daughter, Mrs. Houston, is favour- ably known as a writer of travels, hovels, etc. JESSE, REV, WILLIAM, M.A., VICAR OF HUTTON CRANSWICK, 1757—1814, Author of : " On the Scriptures : being a view of their Truth and Importance : of the Unity, Design, and Harmony of Doctrine uf the Old and New Testaments." 17'jy. Father of Edwai'd Jesse, sup-a. JOHNSONE, SAMUEL, BRIDLINGTON, Died 1779., aged 10 Jf years. 90 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. KEITH, THOMAS, MATHEMATICIAN, 1759—1824. Professor Keith was born at Brandesburton and left slenderly provided for, by the early death of his father, who had, however, given him a tolerably good education. He took a situation as tutor in a private family, and in 1781 went to London, where he soon became known by his superior skill in mathematics. He obtained employment as mathematical tutor in ladies' schools and some families of distinction, and in 1804 was appointed Secretary to the Master of the Royal Household. In 1810, he was given the appointment of Professor of Geo- graphy and the Sciences to H.R.H. the Princess Charlotte having previously been the tutor of the Princess Sophia Matilda, daughter of King George III., and in 1814, was nominated to the ofEce of Accountant to the British Museum, which he held until death. His works, although they possess little originality and few discoveries in the science of numbers, are eminently useful for their lucidity and admirable arrangement, and evince an immense amount of careful and conscientious labour. " Memoir of Thomas Keith, author of many Aj-ithmetics, born at Brandesburton, near Beverley." London, 18 — ■. Works : " The Complete Practical Arithmetician." 1789. " An Abridgement of ' The Complete Practical Arithmetician.' " 1791. " A Key to ' The Complete Practical Arithmetician.' " 1790. "An Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Plane and Spherical Trigonometry." London, 1801. Seventh edition, 1839. " A Treatise on the Use of Globes. London, 1804." " A Key to ' The Use of Globes.' By Middleton." 1843. " The Elements of Plane Geometry, containing the first Six Books of Euclid, from the text of Dr. Simpson, with Notes critical and explanatory." London, 1814. Third edition, 1827. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 91 "An Introduction to the Science of Geography." Published posthumously, 1826. Also, numerous contributions to mathematical serials. KENT, WILLIAM, LANDSCAPE GARDENER, 1684—1748, A famous landscape gardener and architect; born at Brid- lington ; died at Burlington House, London. His parents were in humble circumstances, and apprenticed him to a coach painter, in Hull ; but feeling that he had that within him which pointed to a higher destiny, he fled from his apprenticeship and found his way to London. There he gave such indications of superior ability, as to cause some Patricians of his native county to take him by the hand, who, in 1710, sent him to Rome, where he studied under the Cavalier Luti and gained the second prize in the second class of the Academy of Painting. Sir- William Wentworth granted him an allowance of £40 per annum for seven years ; and when in Rome, he met with Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Bui'lington, who, recognising his genius, extended to him his patronage, and on his retm-n to England, gave him an apartment in his town house, which he occupied until his death. Upon the recommendation of the Earl, he obtained em- ployment in portrait and landscape painting, but did not excel in either. He also designed chimney pieces and furniture for Sir Robert Walpole and others, but neither did he, in this bi-anch of art, display much talent. Then he turned his attention to architecture and landscape gardening, and in these he found the bent of his genius. In the former, the staircase of Lady Isabella Finch's house, Berkeley Square, " beautiful as a piece of scenery ;" o» 92 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. the staircase, at Kensington ; the Temple of Venus, at Stowe ; the gi-eat room, at Mr. Pelham's, Ai'lington Street, "remark- able for its magnificence ;" Holkham House, the seat of the Earl of Leicester, with its temple, gateway, and bridge ; and Burlington House, Piccadilly — now the Royal Academy — are favoiu-able specimens of his genius : whilst in the latter capacity, he is regarded as the father of modern gardening, ha\"ing laid out the pleasiu'e gi'ounds of several mansions in a novel style, infinitely more beautiful and natm-al than anything which had hitherto been seen. He also tried his hand in sculptiu'e, and designed the monument for Shakespeare in Westminster Abbey ; but in this, as in painting, he did not rise above mediocrity. He was patronised by the Queen, the Dukes of Grafton and Newcastle, and other dignitaries, through whose influence he obtained the appointment of Master Cai'penter, Ai'chitect, Keeper of the Pictures, and afterwards Principal Painter to the Crown, with a pension of .£100 per annum, which, with fees and perquisites, brought him in £ 800 per annum. In 1743, he sufiered from a severe aflfection of the eyes, and five years later, from an inflammation of the bowels, which resulted in mortification and tenuinated his life. He was buried at Chiswick, by the Earl of Burlington, and his fortune, which amounted to £100,000, was left between his relatives and an actress, with whom he had lived. Portrait in Callaway's "Anecdotes of the Ai-ts." Walpole says : " As a Painter he was below mediocrity ; as an ai-chitect he was a restorer of the science," and after reviewing the old Dutch style of gardening, adds : "At that moment appeared Kent, painter enough to taste the charms of landscape ; bold and opinionative enough to dare and dictate, and born with a genius to strike out a gi-eat system fiom the twilight of impex-fect essays. He leaped the fence and saw that all nature was a garden. Thus the pencil of his imagination bestowed all the arts of landscape on the CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 93 scenes to be handlod, etc.;" and again, lie terms hiin "The inventor of an art that realises painting and improves nature. Mahomet imagined an Elysium, but Kent created one." Mason, the poet of his native county, writes : "He felt The pencil's power, but fired by liigher hopes Of beauty than tlie pencil knew to paint, Worked with living hues, that Nature lent, And realised his landscapes." Dallaway says : " Kent designed the noble Hall, at Holk- ham, terminated by a vast staircase, producing, on the whole, an imposing effect, not to be equalled in England." Hogarth satirised him in his pictiu-e " The Taste of the Town," giving a representation of Burlington gateway, upon wliich he placed an effigy of Kent, supported by the recum- bent figiu'es of Michael Angelo and Raffaelle. He edited Inigo Jones' " Designs, consisting of Plans and Elevations for Public and Private Buildings." 2 vols, folio. London, 1727. 137 plates. Re-printed, 1744 and 1770. In 1751, was published a new edition of Spencer's " Faerie Queen," with Life by Dr. Birch and 32 plates after designs l)y Kent. 3 vols. 4to., London. LAMPLUGH, THOMAS, D.D., ARCHBISHOP OF YORK. 1614—1691, Born at Thwing ; descended from Sir Robert de Lamplugh, Kt., of the county of Cumberland, temj). Hemy II. ; died at Bishopthorpe, and was buried in York Cathedi'al, under a monument with erect mitred effigy and a Latin inscription setting forth liis virtues ; a mural tablet has also been placed in Thwing Church to his memoiy ; married Catharine, daughter of Edward Daveuaut, D.D. ; educated at Oxford, 94 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. where he gi'aduated, became Fellow of Queen's College, and Principal of St. Alban's Hall, 1664-73. Rector of Charlton, county of Oxford, 1664 ; Vicar of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, London ; Chaplain to King Charles II. ; Prebendaiy of Wor- cester, 9th Stall, 1669-76 ; Dean of Rochester, 1672-3—6 ; Archdeacon of London, r664-76; Bishop of Exeter, 1676-91 ; Archbishop of York, 1688-91, holding Exeter in commendam. He was 74 years of age when he was elevated to the see of York, succeeding Dolben and preceding Sharp. The see had been kept vacant two years, with the view, it was supposed, of placing therein Father Petre, a Jesuit, the Confessor of the King, a dispensation ha>T.ng been obtained from the Pope to enable him to hold a Bishopric. King James, as a preliminary towards the introduction of Romanism, issued his famous Proclamation of Liberty of Conscience, which alarmed the Protestant portion of his subjects, and led the seven Bishoj:*^ to petition him for its abrogation, for which he sent them to the Tower, thus further instating the susceptibilities of his subjects and inducing them to in\T.te the Prince of Orange to come to Enojland and assume the crown. The Prince landed at Torbay, and on the news reaching Lamplugh, at Exeter, he went post-haste to London, and gave information thereof to the King, who, as a reward for his diligence in his ser\T.ce, bestowed upon him the vacant archiepiscopal mitre. On the landing of the Prince, the Bishop issued an adch-ess to the clergy and laity of his diocese, exhorting them to adhere faithfully to the King and oppose with vigour the would-be usurper ; but when the cause of James became hopeless, he trimmed his sails to the prevailing "wind, wel- comed the prince, and took the oaths of allegiance to him as the sovereign of the realm, for which he was pennitted to retain his dignity. Lamplugh was a staunch supporter of the Church of CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 95 England and was probably not fully aware of the Popish procli\4tie.s of James, and it was possibly his enlightenment on tills point which induced him to accede to his deposition. He was a considerable benefactor to the Cathedral of York. Author of : " A Sermon on Luko ix., 55-6, preached on the Anniversary of Gunpowder Plot, Nov. 5th, 1078." Portrait by Kneller, in Queen's College, Oxford : engraved by Vandi-cbanc and exhibited at Leeds, 1868. LAMPTON, JOSEPH, ROMAN CATHOLIC PRIEST, Executed, 1593. For some time after the final establishment of Protestant- ism, by the accession of Queen Elizabeth, the penalty of death attached to the performance of divine worship according to the ritual of the Romish faith, yet were there multitudes of men who boldly braved that penalty in order to win back souls from what they deemed pernicious error. Amongst these was Lampton, who was born at Malton, educated and ordained Priest at the English College of Rheims ; sent on the English mission in 1593, and the same year was apprehended for the crime and executed at New- castle-upon-Tyne. In the narrative of' his execution, we are told that : " He w^as cut down alive and the hangman (a felon, who to save his own life was to perform the office), having begun the butchery, by dismembering the martyr, had so great a horror of what he was doing, that he absolutely refused to go on with the opei'ation, though he was to die for the refusal ; so that the Sheriif was obliged to seek another executioner, whilst the martyr, with invincible patience and courage, supported a torment, which cannot be thought of without 96 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. liorror und wliicli shocks even the most barbarous o£ the spectators, till at length a butcher was brought to the work, who ripping him up and bowelling him, set his holy soul at liberty to take its happy flight to its sovereign and eternal good." DE LANGTOFT, PETER, HISTORIAN AND POET, Vix. teni]). Edward II., A monkish chronicler, bom at Langtoft, in the 1 3th century, and died at Bridlington temj). Edward II. He is supposed to have been of Norman origin, and was a Canon of Bridling- ton Priory, from which cii'cumstance he was sometimes called by annalists Pers de Bridlington. He wrote his chronicles in French verse, and was one of the earliest of our poets. "A Chronicle of England from its Ti^ojan origin to the reign of Edward I." is a compilation, reproduced in metre, of the earlier writers to the end of the reign of Henry III, wliilst the History of the reign of Edward I. is original and is divided into five Books. The MS. is in the Cotton Collection of the British Museum. It was translated into English by Robert de Brunne. " Peter Langtoft's Chronicle, illustrated and improved by Robert of Brunne, from the death of Cadwallader to the end of Edward I. Translated by Thomas Hearne ; with a Glos- sary of old words." Oxford, 172-5. Reprinted with addi- tional words. London, 1810. " Peter Langtoft's Chronicle, edited by Thomas Wright and published by oi'der of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, under the direction of the Master of the Rolls." London, 1867. He translated, also, from the Latin into French verse. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 97 Bosenliam's "Life of Thomas -X Beckot," wi-itten circa 1180. " Frankis spech is cald romance So sais clerkes and men of France Pers of Langtoft, a chanon Schaven in the house of Bridljngton, On Frankis style this storie lie wrote Of Inglis Kingse," etc. Egbert db Bbunne. LAZENBY, THOMAS, MATHEMATICIAN, Vh;. 1757, A schoolmaster at Burton A^nes. Aiithor of : " Merchants' Accoimts or the Italian Method of Book-keeping j Company's Accounts, also, Gentlemen's Accounts." York, printed for the author, 1757. [Very scarce and curious.] LEGARD, SIR JOHN, 1st BART., CANTON, Ob. 1678, Descended from the Legards of Anlaby, near Hull, and son of John Legard, a devoted adherent of Charles in the ci\'il war, by Mary, daughter of J. Dawney, of Potter Bromj)ton, near Hunmanby. He married, first, Grace, daughter of Conyers Darcy, Eaad of Holderness, by whom he had issue, a daughter ; secondlj^, Frances, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Thomas Widdrington, Kt., by whom he had issue, Sii' John, 2nd Bart., three other sons and two daughters. Like his father, he was a staunch Royalist, and rendered 98 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. essential service to King Charles II. by diverting the atten- tion of Lambert, whilst Monk was passing through Yorkshire with his army to promote the Restoration, for which he was created Baronet, 1660. LOWDE, REV. JAMES, METAPHYSICIAN, Circa 1660—17—, Educated at Cambridge ; Fellow of Clare Hall ; Chaplain to John, Earl of Bridgewater ; Ractor of Easington, Cleveland ; Rector of Setterington. Works : " A Discourse concerning the Divine Dreams mentioned in Scrip- ture ; together with the Marks and Characters by which they might be distinguished from vain delusions. In a letter to Mors. Gachet, by Moses Amyraldus. Translated out of French, by James Lowde, Fellow of Clare Hall in Cambridge." Lon- don, 1«76. [Dedicated to the Earl of Bridgewater, in the usual fulsome style of flattery of the period.] "The Reasonableness of the Christian Religion. A Sermon preached at the Visitation, held at Stokesley, in Cleveland, in Yorkshire. Being the first Visitation of the Rev. Mr. Long, B.D. and Archdeacon of Cleveland. By James Lowde, Rector of Esington and Chaplain to the Et. Hon. the Earl of Bridgewater." London, 168i. [Dedicated to the Earl of Bridgewater.] " A Discourse concerning the Nature of Man, both in his natural and political capacity ; both as he is a rational creature and as a member of a Civil Society : M'ith an examination of some of Mr. Hobbes's opinions relating hereunto." London, 1694. [Dedicated to John (Tilotson), Lord Archbishop of Canter- bury. By James Lowde, Rector of Settington (sic). " Moral Essays : wherein some of Mr. Locke's and Mons. Male- branche's opinions are briefly examined : together with an answer to some chapters (by C. Blount) on the oracles of Reason, concerning Deism." York, 1099. [Dedicated to the Earl of Bridgewater.] CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 99 LYTHE, ROBIN, A seaman, whose name has come clown to posterity in connection with a cavern, at Flambrough, called " Robin Lythe's Hole." The cavern has two entrances, one from the sea and the other from the shore, being filled with water at high tide, but traversable dry-shod when the sea is down. It has an irregularly arched roof, and a i-ough slippery floor ; and presents some tine Rembrantesque effects of light and shade to the spectator who enters its pOrtals. Tradition, which informs us not of the period when Robin lived, gives two somewhat conflicting accounts of his life and career, which however, in both cases, are rather meagre in detail. One accoiint tells us that he was a pirate, the commander of a small vessel, which was the terror of the merchant coasters, and that when he was in danger, from pursuit by a superior force, he took refuge in this cavern, which was then only known to himself. The other account is that he was a worthy, honest mariner, who suffered ship- wi-eck off" Flambrough Head, and was providentially saved by being washed ashore into the cavern, when his vessel went to pieces. MACKINTOSH, ALEXANDER, ANGLER, DRIFFIELD, Vix. 1800, Author of : " The Driffield Angler : to which are added, Instructions for Shooting, with Rules for the Management of Pointers and Setters, and the Choice of Guns ; with a Description of the Forest of Blair and the Manner of Killing Deer; also, a Short Treatise on the Coursing and the Training of Grey- hounds, [Dedicated to the Duke of Athol]. Derby, 1810. 100 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Second edition, '• Tlie Modern Fisher or the Driffield Angler," etc. G.iinsborough, 1815 ; Third edition, Derby, 1821. The book is prefaced with " An Ode to Health," wherein he eulogises Major Topham's famous greyhound : " The outstretched Wolds where glory won. In m.any a nobler course, her speed Snowball resigns unto her breed Hung round with trophies of her praise The Prizes of her youthful days." The Author states in his preface that he spent thirty years at Driffield, pursuing every description of sport, and adds : " I have angled in many parts of Scotland and the North of England, l)ut of all the places on this side of Great Britain, most delightful for this charming recreation [trout fishing], I much prefer the rivers at Drifiield All the rivers and becks abound with Trout of the finest flavour and lar^^est size The streams roll through the finest meadows and there are no trees or bushes to intercept the Sportsman's diversion, but the country round, particularly near Drifiield, is beautifully diversified with picturesque views of hills dales, and woodlands, and all the walks about the town are remarkably pleasant Besides, Great Driffield is admirably situated for hunting, hawking, coursing and other field sports," etc. He states that in 1790, a Mr. Wilson, ©f Hull, caught a pike at Driffield, 35 inches in length and weighing 281bs. which was presented to Richard Langley, Esq., of Wykeham Abbey, Lord of the Manor. This, however, was surpassed by one he saw taken from a fish-pond, at Rise, which weighed 381bs. *' Mr. J. Browne, a Driffield antiquary, informs me that Mackintosh was the landlord of the Red Lion Lin, Driffield which was then the head quarters of the sportsmen of that period, CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE AVOLDS. 101 MANYNU, OR DE BRUNNE, ROBERT, HISTORIAN, Nat, circa 1270, One of the eai-liest versifiers of the Chronicles of England ; Ijorn at Mai ton circa 1270; a monk afterwards in the Gilbei'tine Monastery of Saxhill, whence he removed to the Prioiy of Black Canons, at Brunne. His style is nigged, and his phraseology exceedingly un- couth ; but this appears to have been intended, as he said his writings were not intended for the learned, who could read the originals, but for the " lewd," i.e. the low and iinleai'ned. Autlior of ; "A Metric'iil History of England, partly original and partly corapiknl from Wace and Langtoft, the first part from jEneas to Cadwallader ; the second to tlie end of the reign of King Edward I." circa 1303. " Robert of Gloucester and Peter Langtoft's Chronicles, as illus- trated and improved by Robert de Brunne," etc. [Transcribed from MSS. in the Inner Temple LibrarJ^ by Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 172-5.] He translated, into English verse. Cardinal Bonaventura's " De Ccena et Passione Domini," etc., under the title of " Meditacyons of the Soper of our Lorde Jhesus and also hys passyun and eke of the Peynes of hys swete Modyr, mayden Marye," etc. Also, Grosteste's "Chateau d'Amour." "Here begynnet a tretys that is y'clept Castel of Love, that Biscop Grosteyst made ywis for lewde mennes by hove," etc. Edited and 100 copies privately pj-inted by J. O. Halliwell, 1849. Also, Grosteste's " Manuel des Peches," a treatise on the seven deadly sins, with illustrative Legends. This transla- tion has not ■ been published, but MS. copies are in the British Museum Harleian Collection and in the Bodleian Library. It is doubtful whether Grosteste was the author. 102 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. MASON, REV. WILLIAM, POET, 1725—1797, A poet, politician, and divine, who attracted some attention in his time, but who is now almost forgotten, described by his friend Gray, author of the Elegy, as " one of much fancy, little judgment, and a good deal of modesty, — a good, well- meaning creature, but in simplicity a perfect child ; a little vain, but in so hai^mless a way that it does not offend." He was born in Hull, where his grandfather was Collector of the Customs and his father Yicar of Holy Trinity Church ; was educated in the Hull Grammar School and at Cambridge, where he graduated and became Fellow of Pembroke College, 1749, after which he obtained the preferments of Canon of Driffield and Precentor of York, 1762, Rector of Aston, near Rotherham, and was Chaplain to King Geoi-ge III. In 1765, he married Maria, daughter of William Sherman, of Hull, solely because he had spent an evening in her company when she had not spoken a single word. Not content with his fame as a poet, he desired to shine in the sister arts of music and painting, and composed a Te Deum, of not much account, for York Cathedral, whilst as a limner he never reached even mediocrity. His portrait was painted by Reynolds, and engraved by Scriven, 181.3 ; and tablets to his memory have been placed in Aston Church and Westminster Abbey. He was author of : " A Monody on the Death of Pope." " II Bellicoso and II Pacifico." [Three poems, published when at College.] " Isis." 1748. " An Attack on the Jacobinism of Oxford." [Replied to by T. Wharton in " The Temple of Isis."] " An Ode on the Installation of the Duke of Newcastle as Chan- cellor of the University of Cambridge." " Elfrida : a Drama, the scene of which is laid at Harewood," [Brought out at Drury Lane, 1772.] CELEBRITIES OF THE YOKKSHIKE WOLDS. 103 " Carcataus : a Drama." [Placed on tlie stage of Covent Garden, 177(].] " Argentile and Curan : a Legendary Drama." 17G6. [The scene is at Whitby.] " Sappho : a Lyrical Drama." " The p:nglish Garden." 1772. And other works. He edited also, with i^refatoiy Memoir, the Woi'ks of Thomas Gray, the poet, and Whitehead, the Laureate. MATSON, JOHN, BRIDLINGTON, 1760—1826. John Matson, *' The Kidnapped Youth," was born at Bridlington, the son of William Matson, a builder, and died in London. He married, first, Sarah Harrison, daughter of Thomas Helm, of Bridlington, by whom he had two daugh- ters ; secondly, Martha, daughter of John Thompson, of Thornholme, by whom he had one son, his biographer, and one daughter. He was brought up to his father's business, and sailing to London, 1780, to seek employment, was taken by the press-gang on his passage, but was bought ofi" and proceeded to his destination. He had not, however, been long in London, when he was inveigled into a house near Charing Cross, kidnapped by agents of the East India Company, and shipped ofi' to India to serve as a soldier. He fought in the war against Hyder Ali, was in twelve engagements, and was taken prisoner by Tippoo Saib, but was liberated at the peace of 1784. In 1785, having procured his discharge, he sailed for England ; but was shipwi-ecked, returned to Calcutta, and obliged to wait six months for another vessel. On his return to Bridlington, he was eagerly welcomed by his friends, who supposed him to be dead, not having heard lOi CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, anytliing of liim for so long a period. He commenced business as a builder, and obtained some reputation as the builder of Flambrough Lighthouse, after which, in 1823, he removed to London. " Indian Warfare : or the Extraordinary Adventures of John Matson, the Kidnapped Youth, late of Kingsland Road, London, formei'ly of Bridlington, in the county of York, -wi-itten by himself : with a short memorial by his son." London, 1842. DE MAULEY, REV. STEPHEN, RECTOR OF BAINTON, Oh. 1317, A member of the family of the Barons de Mauley, of Miil- gi-ave Castle, the first of whom was summoned, by v/rit, as Baron, 1295, and rewaixled with the hand of Isabella de Turnham, the heiress of Mulgrave, by King John, for the service of mvirdering his nephew, Prince Ai-thur. The family had considerable possessions on the Wolds, including the Manors of Bainton, over which they had a Charter of Free Warren, and of Garton, where they had a castle. Stephen was, a man of great consequence in the reigns of Edward I. and II., and was a gi'eat pluralist. He was Incumbent of Ouston, county of Lincoln ; Rector of Bainton, Hemingborough, near Selby, and Houghton, county of Durham ; Prebendary of Bugthorpe, York, 1298-1317 ; Archdeacon of Cleveland and Lichfield : holder in 1289 and in 1306 ; Dean of Auckland and Wimborne ; Vicar-General of Duiliam ; and Seneschal of Durham Castle. He assisted in the translation of the relics of St. William to York Cathedral, and in 1309 was appointed by Archbishop Greenfield to enquire into the deeds relating to the Privileges CELfiBEITIES OF THE YORKSHIRli WOLDS. 105 of the Prior and Convent of Durham, in Howdenshire and Allcrtonshire. He was buried in York Cathedral. MOMAN, TOM, ECCENTRIC, 1770—1823, A half-witted, but keen and shrewd character, born at Malton, but who resided chiefly at Lutton, a village on the Wolds. Tom was well known in the northern portion of the Wolds for his oddities, and it must be added, for his malpractices, as the stories which are current of his doings shew that he was as much a knave as a fool. He spent one lialf of his life in the worldiouse and the other in doing odd jobs, such as cattle driving, which came within the compass of his defective intellect. Amongst other knavish pranks, which tradition tells of Tom, is the following. A farmei-, having i>ui chased some cattle at Malton, and seeing him standing by, asked him if he thoiight he could diive them to his farm. " Te be seer ah can;" replied Tom, "bud thoo mun pay ma 2s. fost." The farmer complied, and Tom went off with the money jingling in his pocket. When he arrived at the farm, he met the foreman to whom he delivered the cattle, saying, " Maysther tell'd ma te ax tha for 2s. as he had'nt ne brass aboot him," and the foreman paid him the sum demanded. Having been successful thus far, Tom went to the house and saw the farmer's wife, who asked him what brought him there, to which Tom replied, "Ali've browt some beeasts what mays- ter's bow~t at Malton, an he tell'd ma 'at thoo was te pay ma two shillins and gi ma my dinner, a quayt o' yall an some bacca," all of which he got, and then trudged off to his. home. It was remarked, however, that for a long time after he carefully avoided coming in contact with that particular farmer. 106 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " The Life and Exploits of Tom Moman, late of Lutton- on-tlie- Wolds, who was starved to death in a snow-di-ift, in the severe Winter of 1823, in a field near Thii-kleby, York- shire." Malton, 1877. MORRIS, REV. FRANCIS ORPEN, B.A., NATURALIST, Nat. 1810, Eldest son of Reai--Adniiral Henry Gage Moms, of York and Beverley, by Rebecca Newsham Millard Orden, daughter of Rev. Francis Oi-pen, B.A., of Trinity College, Dublin, and descended fi'om Elyeton Glodrydd, a British chieftain of the 10th century, from whom have sprung many noble and county branches ; his immediate line settled in York, and has sup- plied many distinguished names to the naval and military annals of England. Educated at Worcester College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A., second class Lit. Hvmi., 1853, after which he became Pei-petual Curate of Hanging Heaton, near Leeds ; Curate of Toxhall, coimty of Cheshii-e ; Christ's Chiurch, Doncaster ; Ordsall, county of Nottingham ; and Crambe-with-Huttons Ambo, near Malton ; Chaplain to the Duke of Cleveland ; Vicar of NafFerton, 1844-54 ; Rector of Nunbm-nholme, 1854 ; man-ied, 1835, Anne, daughter and co-heu-ess of Charles Sanders, of Bromsgrove, county of Worcester, and has issue, Amherst Hemy Gage, born 1836. As a naturalist, especially in the study of the denizens of the air, he takes a foremost rank, and has been a voluminous writer on that subject, several of his works having passed through repeated editions, a conclusive proof of theii" popu- larity and value. He has also distinguished himself by the publication of a great number of works on theological and CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 107 social subjects, and recently, of " The Humanity Series of School Books," for the })\u-pose of inculcating kind treatment and merciful dealing towards dumb animals, six of which have been published, at prices varying from 6d. to Is. 6d. — a series most deserving of support as prizes to school children, and which has received the highest and most unqualified encomiums from the Press. "Works : « A History of British Birds." 6 vols. 1857. *' A Natural History of the Nests and Eggs of British Birds." 3 vols. 1856. " A Natural History of British Butterflies." 1852. " A Natural History of British Moths." 4 vols. London, 1871. " A Bible Natural History." 1850. " A Book of Natural History. 1852. " Anecdotes in Natural History." London, 1872. " Records of Animal Sagacity and Character." London, 1861. " The Gamekeeper's Museum : reprinted from the ' Times,' with Additions." " A Catalogue of British Insects." " The County Seats of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain and Ireland." 1866. " Dogs and their Doings." London, 1870. " Plain Sermons for Plain People." [200 of the series pubhshed.j " An Essay on Baptismal Regeneration." "A Guide to an Arrangement of British Birds." London, 1834. " The Present System of Hiring Farm Servants. A Paper read before the Driffield Farmer's Club." " A Catechism of the Catechism." London, 1864. " A Letter to Archdeacon Wrangham on Supremacy." " None but Christ." 1869. " The Difficulties of Darwinism." 1869. " A Family Prayer for Morning and Evening." " National Adult Education." 1853. " Comfort for the Contrite." 1854. " The Precepts of the Bible." 1855. " The Yorkshire Hymn Book." 1860. " Words of Wesley on Constant Communion." " An Essay on Scientific Nomenclature. A Paper read before the British Association." York, 1844. 108 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " Illustrated Anecdotes in Natural History." Also, a great number of Tracts, Addresses, and Articles contribu- ted to Periodicals and Newspapers, including many to 'The Times,' relating chiefly to Natural History, Meteorology, etc. NESSE, REV. CHRISTOPHER, M.A., 1621—1705, An eininent Nonconformist clivine and voluminous theolo- gical writer, born at North Cave ; the son of Thomas Nesse, of that village ; educated at Cambridge, where he studied seven years and graduated. After leaving College, he preached for a short time, at Cliffe, near Market Weighton, then, for a brief period, at a village in Holderness, after which he removed to Beverley, where he established a school, and preached occasionally. In 1650, he became minister at Cottingham, and in 1656, lecturer at Leeds, where he preached in opposition to Dr. Lake, afterwards Bishop of Chichester. He was ejected by the Act of 1662, the Duke of Buckingham vainly endeavour- ing to flatter him into Conformity. The Five Mile Act of 1665 drove him to Clayton, and thence to Morley, when he preached in the villages about Leeds ; afterwards, he opened a school at Hunslet, and preached there ; and in 1672, when the persecution raged less fiercely, he ministered publicly in the R.iding-house, Leeds. He was live times excommunicated, the last time in 1675, when he fled to London and preached privately to a congre- gation in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, and there he died thirty years after, and was buried in Bunhill Fields. Portrait published in London, 1678. Works : "Teace Offerings and Lamentations." 1666. " A Church History from Adam ; and a Scriptural Prophecy to the End of the World." 1681. " An Pvlegy on the Death of the Rev. Nathaniel Partridge." 1684. [He was obliged to abscond for a time to avoid the conse* (^uences of this publication.] Cklebiuties of thk yokksiiire wolds. lU'J " History anil Mystery of the Old and New Testaments, Logically Discussed and Tlieologically Improved." 4 vols. IGDO-G. " A Divine Legacy, bequeathed to all Mankind." 1700. " The Crown and Cilory of a Christian." " The Christian's Walk and Work on Earth." " The Chrystal Mirror : or Christian Looking-glass." " A Spiritual Legacy, for young men." " A Whip for the Fool's Back." " A Key with the Whip, to Unfold the Intrigues of Absolom and Achitophel." " A Token : or New Year's Gift for Children." " Discovery of the Person and Period of Antichrist." " A Protestant Antidote against the poison of Popery." " The Devil's Patriarch : or the Life of Pope Innocent XI." "A Triplicityof Stupendous Prodigies: v.g. Eclipse, Comet, and Conjunction." •' A Philosophical and Divine Discourse on the Comet." ItlSI. " Half a Sheet on the Blazing Star." " Wonderful Signs of Wonderful Times." " Advice to the Painter upon the Earl of Shaftsbury's enlargement from the Tower." He left also in MS., " A Confutation of Popery " and other writings. NEWBURGH, WILLIAM OF, HISTORIAN, 1136— circa 1220, A monkisli chronicler, born at Biidlington ; educated at and afterwards a Canon of the Angustinian Priory of Newbiirgh, near Thirsk, whence he took his name. He is generally styled Guliebuus Neiibrigensis, and gave himself the appella- tion of le Petit or Parvus, being short in stature. Afterwards he became Prior of Bridlington. He was a learned and diligent liistorian, but displayed bad taste in his depreciation of Geofirey of Monmouth, whose History he denounced as a tissue of fictions, and asserted that no such person as King Arthui- ever lived. Powel says that " 'Givilym Back,' [as the Welch call him] wished to get the Bishoprick of St. Asaph, on the death of Geofirey, 1165, but being disappointed, he fell into a mad humour of deciy- 110 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. ing the whole Principality of Wales ; its history, antiquities, and all that belongs to it." His History commences at the Conquest and finishes at the accession of John, 1199. His Latin is considered pure, superior to that of Matthew Paris and equal to that of Eadmer and of William of Malmesbury, but Pitt says that he was " too much of a flatterer of Coui-t Grandees to write a true History." " GuUelmi Nubrigensis : Res Anglics, cum Notas." Antwerp, 1567 and 1577 ; Heidelberg, 1587 — text of both imperfect ; — Paris, 1610. " Historia sive Chronica Rerum AngUcanum, seu de Rebus An- gUcis." Libres 5. 1597. " Gulielrai Neubrigensis. Historia sive Chronica, etc. Accedunt Homilias tres eadem Gulielmoaviris eruditis adscripts." 3 vols. Edited by Thomas Hearne. Oxonii, 1719. [The best edition.] " Historia Rerum Anglicanum Willelmi Parvi S. T. D. ordinis Sancti Augustmi Canonici Regulario in Csenobea B. Marise de Novoburga in Agro Eboracenci, recencuit H. C. Hamil- ton." 2 vols., 1856, English Historical Society. " A Life of Hugh, Bishop of Durham." " A Commentary on the Song of Solomon." " An Account of Scarborough Castle." Bale also attributes to him three Sennons and thi'ee Homilies. NICHOLSON, GEORGE, ARTIST, MALTON, Designer and publisher of : " Six Views of Monasteries in Yorkshire." Malton, 1821. " Six Views of Picturesque Scenery in Yorkshire." Malton, 1822. " Six Views of Picturesque Scenery in Goathland, near Whitby, Yorkshire." Malton, 1822. NORCLIFFE, SIR THOMAS, KT., LANGTON, Oh. 1669, Son of Sir Thomas Langton, Kt., a ban'ister-ai>law, who purchased Langton, 1618, by Catherine, daughter and co- heii'ess of Sir William Bamborough, Bart., of Howsham ; CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, 111 maiTied, Dorothy, daughter of Thomas, Viscount Fairfax, and relict of John Ingram, brother of Henry Ingram, Vis- count Ingi'am, of Irvine, by whom he had isKue one son and " six virtuous daughters." Sh' Thomas embraced the Parliamentarian cause in the civil war, fought bravely under the Fairfaxes, his wife's kinsmen, was engaged in the storming of Leeds, 1643, and at the siege of Bradford, as well as in many other engage- ments. He remaiiied in command, in Yorkshire, when Faii'fax went to London to take the command of the new- modelled army ; but had not much employment for his sword, the battle of Marston Moor having completed the subjugation of the north. He lived to witness the Restoration, but does not appear to have suflfered much for his antagonism to royalty. Lady Norcliffe was a pious woman and a zealous Noncon- formist, and, after her husband's death, dispensed her bounties liberally, in supporting and affording shelter, at Langton, to those ministers of Yorkshire who had been ejected and I'educed to poverty in 1662. NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY PERCY, 1st EARL, KG., LECONFIELD, Ob. 1407, The representative of a most illustrious and potent Yorkshire family, descended from Mainfred, a Danish chieftain, who assisted Rollo in the conquest of Nox-mandy ; and more im- mediately, from William de Perci, of Perci, near Villedieu, who came to England with Duke William, and was rewarded for his valour at Hastings by grants of extensive ten-itories in Yorkshii'e. The various branches of the family have held a multiplicity of titles, culminating in the highest dignity beneath royalty, and have inter-married with the first families of the i-ealm, 112 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. as well as with several royal liouses, having now not less than nine hundred quarterings on their shield. Earl Henry was son of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy, of Alnwick, by his first wife, the Lady Mary Plantagenet, daughter of Henry, Earl of Lancaster ; married, first, Mar- garet, daughter of Ralph, Baron Nevill, of Raby ; secondly, Maud, sister and heiress of Anthony, Bai'on Lucy, Lord of Cockermouth. By his first wife he had issue, Sir Henry, Kt. (Hotspur) ;* 8ii' Thomas, created Earl of "Worcester, 1397 ; and Sir Ralph, Kt., who was slain in the Holy Land. Having distinguished himself as a wai'rior in France and Scotland, he was made K.G., 1366, and Earl of Northumber- land, 1377, with remainder to his heirs general, transmissible, like a Barony in Fee, to heirs female. He held several appointments : was a Commissioner for the Observance of the Treaty of Bretigny, 1358; Mar.shal of Ejigland and Inspector of Castles in the March of Calais, 1376 ; General of all the Forces in France, 1377 ; Warden of the Scottish Marches, 1369 ; Earl Constable of England, with a grant of tlie Isle of Man, and Custodian of the Castles of Carnarvon, Carlisle, Chester, Conway and Flint, 1st Henry IV. Having quan-elled with King Richard II., he assisted Boling]>roke, after his landing at Ravenspurne, in deposing that monarch ; soon after which, he made that famous hunting expedition across the Scottish Border, with his son Hots})U]-, resulting in the battles of Otterburn, Chevy Chase, and Homeldun, whose achievements, and those of his oppo- nent, ]~)ouglas, are imperishably recorded in the old ballad which stirred the heart of Sir P. Sidney like the blast of a ti-umpet. A dispute with King Henry IV., relative to the disposal of the piisonei'S taken at Homeldun, alienated him from the King, and he raised an insurrection. His army, under the * See Percy, Sir Henry. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, 113 leadership of liis sons, he liimself being absent through illness, met that of the King, at Shrewsbury, 1403, and was utterly- routed, Hotsj)ur being slain and Worcester taken and be- headed. The Earl Avas attainted, but ])ardoned and restored on making submission ; he again, however, broke out in rebel- lion, was defeated at Bram ham Moor, 1407-8 ; again attainted and his estates confiscated. He is a conspicuous character in Shakes))pai-e's " Kin"' Richard II." and " King Henry IV." NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY PERCY, 2xd EARL OF, Oh. U55, Born at Leconfield, son of Sir Henry Percy (Hotspur), Ijy Elizabeth, daughter of Edmond Mortimer, Earl of March ; married, the Lady Elinor, daughter of Rali)h Nevill, 1st Earl of Westmoreland, by whom he had issue, Henry, .3rd Earl ; Thomas, created Baron Egremont, slain at the battle of Northampton ; Sir Ralph, slain at Hedgely Moor ; Sir Rich- ard, slain at Towton ; George, Provost of Beverley ; William, Bishop of Carlisle ; and three other sons. After his father's death, at Shrewsbury, he was taken into Scotland, by his mother, for safety from the vengeance of the King ; but through the intercession of his future mother- in-law, the Countess of Westmoreland, was pardoned anil restored. He fought at Agincoiu-t, was constituted High Constable of England, and fell at St. Albans, 14.'35, fighting in the Lancasterian interest. His courtship and marriage with the fair daughter of Raby have been invested with a halo of poetry and romance by Bishop Percy, in his ballad " The Hermit of Warkworth," published in his "Reliques." 114: CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. • NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY PERCY, 3rd EARL OF, 1421— 14-61, Son of Henry, 2nd Earl ; married, Eleanor, Baroness Poyn- ings (by writ); and was summoned v.})-, jure uxoris, 1446, as Bai-on Poynings, assuming also, jure uxoris, the titles of Baron Fitzpayne and Bryan, without right, but which were recognized by a subsequent patent, 1557, in the person of Henry Percy, 7th Earl. He was a leader of the Lancasterians, fell, leading the van at Towton, 1461, and was attainted and his estates confisca- ted " because he died in harness ;" his title being given to John Nevill, afterwards Marquis of Montagu. " Northumberland, a braver man Ne'er spurred his courser to the trumpet's sound." Shakespeare. NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY PERCY, KG., 4th earl of, Ob. U89, Son of Henry, .3rd Earl ; man-ied, Maud, daughter of William Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke, and had issue, Henry Algernon, 5th Earl ; Sir William, Kt., a commander at Flodden, executed, 1536, for conspiracy in the Pilgi-image of Grace Rebellion; Alan, Master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1516 ; Jocelyne, who manned Margaret, daughter of of Beverley, with whom he had extensive estates, and was grandfather of Thomas Percy, the Gunpowder Plot conspirator ; and three daughters. On his father's attainder he was imprisoned in the Tower of London, but released and restored, 1469, John Nevill, who had been created Earl of Northumberland, resigning that title on being created Marquis of Montagu. He fought against the Scots, and took Berwick ; adhered CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 115 to Richard III. iii liis contest with the Duke of Richmond, but remained neutral at Bosworth, and was received into favour by Henry VII. As Lord-Lieutenant of Yorkshire, he was directed by Hemy VII. to exphiin an obnoxious tax for caiTying on the war in Bretagne, wliich had excited a commotion in the county, but the popuhice imagining that he had been an instigator of the tax, which he had not, broke into his house, at Cockledge, near Thirsk, and muixlered him and several of his domestics. He was buried in Beverley Minster, in magnificent style, at a cost of £10,000, where he now reposes, with his Coun- tess, under a noble monument, in a chapel specially built for his mausoleum. Fourteen thousand people attended his funeral. Skelton, the Laureate, wrote '* An Elegy upon the dolorous detlie and much lamentable chaunce of the Moost Honorable Erie of Northumberlande," commencing : " I wayle, I wepe, I sobbe, I sigh fill sore The dedely fate, the dolefulle destenny Of him that is gone alas : without restore Of the blode royall, descending nobelly. Whose Lordshipe doutles was slayne lamentably" etc. See Percy's " Reliques." NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY ALGERNON, KG., 5th EARL OF, 1J^7—1527, Born at Leconfield ; son of Henry, 4th Earl ; married, Cath- arine, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Spencer, Kt., county of Devon, and had issue, Henry Algernon, 6th Earl ; .Sii' Thomas, executed, 1536, for complicity in the Pilgi'image H 116 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. of Grace Rebellion, whose sons, Thomas and Henry, became the 7th and 8th Earls ; Sii- Ingelram, from whom James Percy, the Trunkmaker, who claimed the Earldom, 1716, pretended to be descended ; and two daughters. This nobleman is best remembered for his magnificence, sesthetic tastes, and patronage of learning. He lived alter- nately at three of his castles ; but only having furniture for one, had it conveyed from one to the other in seventeen carts and one wagon. He escorted the Princess Margaret tkrough Yorkshire, on her progress to marry the King of Scotland, " well horst, upon a fayi-e courser, with a cloth to the ground of cramsyn velvett, all horded of orfavery, his armes very riche in many places uppon his saddle and harnys and his sterrops gilt. "With him was many noble Knights, all arrayed in his sayd Livery of Yelvett with some goldsmith's work, great chaynes and war wel mounted ; a Herault, bearing his cotte and other gentylmen in such wayes aray'd of his said Livery, sum in Velvett, others in Damask, Chamlett, &c., well mounted to the number of 300 Horsy s," etc. His favourite residence was Leconfield Castle, of which not a vestige now remains. Leland describes it as " a large house and stondith within a greate mote, yn one very spacious courte; 3 parts of the house saving the mane gate, that is made of bricke, is al of tymbre." In this establishment were employed 166 officers and domestic servants, and fifty- seven visitors were expected to sit down to dinner every day. For the regulation of this vast household, the Earl had a code of rules drawn up — a very curious picture of a nobleman's household in the Tudor era — which has been published under the title of " The Northumberland House- hold Book." From it we learn that the family rose at six, dined at ten, and supped at four o'clock ; that mass was performed in the chapel at six, and the castle gates closed at nine o'clock. Foiiy shillings per annum were paid for the )iousehold washing ; the table-cloths once a month : sheets I CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 117 for the beds were not used. In the ordering of the meals, we find *' Braikfastes, for the Nurcry, for my Lady Margai-et and Mr Yngx'am Percy. Item. A manchet, one quart of here, and three mutton bonys boiled." Amongst other officers of the household were eleven priests, all B.D. or D.D. ; seven- teen chanters and musicians ; a surgeon ; a clerk of foreign expenses ; an almoner to relieve the poor and write plays for the delectation of the family ; an expert horseman, not afraid of a fence, to attend my Lord when hunting ; and a bear- ward, with a salary of 20s. per annum "to be payd when he comyth to my Lorde at Christmas, with his Lordschippe's beasts, for makyng of his Lordschippe's pastyme the saide 12 days." A monument of his fine taste is the Chapel in Beverley Minster, which he caused to be built to enshrine the remains of his father and mother. He caused poetical inscriptions to be painted and graven upon the walls and ceilings of Leconfield and Wressle, and was a patron of Skelton, the Lam-eate. There is in the British Museum, a splendid MS., engrossed on vellum, richly emblazoned and superbly illumi- nated, which was prepared under his directions, containing specimens of the best poetry then produced, and a metrical account of the descent of the Percies, wiitten by one Peares, the Earl's chaplain. NOETHUMBERLAND, HENEY ALGEENON PEECY, K.G., 6th EAEL OF, Ob. s.p. 1537, Son of Henry Algernon, 5th Earl ; married, the Lady Maiy, daughter of George, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury. In early life he was affianced to Anne Boleyn, but was supplanted by the King, Cardinal Wolsey lending a hand in 118 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. the separation of the lovers, and he was compelled, against his will, to marry Mary Talbot ; a marriage which was child- less, the husband and wife living apart, and productive only of mutual dislike. The Earl never forgave the Cardinal for his share in the transaction, and was amply avenged when he arrested him for treason, at Cawood. The Pilgrims of Grace solicited him to take the leadership of the Insm-rection, but he declined, although his brothers, Sir Thomas and Sir Ingeh'am, became active partizans. Al- though he had nothing whatever to do with the rebellion, his family was so deeply implicated that he feared attainder and, by the advice of his lawyers, devised his estates to the crown, that they might the more easily be restored to his heirs at some future time, an anticipation which was verified. He was directed by the King to sit upon the trial of Queen Anne, which was too much for his sensibility, and her decapitation, with the execution of his brother, so preyed vipon his mind that he died shortly afterwards of grief. Dying issueless, and his brother having been attainted, the Earldom expired; and in 1551, John Dudley, Earl of Warwick, father-in-law of Lady Jane Grey, was created Duke of Northumberland, which title also became extinct by his execution and attainder two years afterwards. The Earldom was restored by Queen Mary, 1557, in the person of his nephew, Thomas, son of Sir Thomas Percy, who was beheaded, 1536. NORTHUMBERLAND, THOMAS, K.G., 7th EARL OF, 1508—1572, Son of Sir Thomas Percy, Kt. (executed, 1536), by Eleanor, daughter of Guiscard Harbottle ; married, the Lady Anne, daughter of Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Warwick, and had CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 119 issue, Thomas, Baron Percy, who died v. p. and s.p. ; and four daughters. The Earklom and the Baronies of Percy and Poynings having become extinct by the death, s.p., of the 6th Earl and the attainder of liis brothers. Queen Mary created him, by patent, 1557, Baron Percy of Cockermouth and Petworth; Baron Poynings, Lucy, Bryan, and Fitzpayne, and the fol- lowing day. Earl of Northvimberland, with remainder to his brother Henry, and restored him in blood and to all the estates that remained in the hands of the crown. On the accession of Elizabeth, notwithstanding his antago- nistic faith, he was appointed Warden of the Scottish Marches, and lived ten or twelve years, Avithout oflence or molestation, at Leconfield and other castles, dispensing a liberal hospi- tality, until he unfortunately became entangled in a conspiracy which resu.lted in his death. Mary Queen of Scots was then a prisoner in England, and Northumberland, with other English and Scottish nobles, thought that a marriage between her and the Duke of Norfolk might be a means of putting an end to the troubles in Scotland. Elizabeth, when she heard of it, flew into a violent passion, summoned Northumberland and Westmoreland to London, to answer for their presumption in daring to suggest such a thing without her sanction. Instead of doing so, the two Earls raised an armed force to defend themselves, restore the old faith, replace Mary on the throne of Scotland, and settle her succession to that of England. They raised their standard, embroidered with the cross and five wounds of Christ, 1569 ; assembled on Cliflbrd Moor, Wetherby, and marched towards Yor'k ; but, for some cause or other, turned northward and laid siege to Bowes Castle, which held out eleven days, when their followers began to melt away, and, on the appearance of the Earl of Essex and Lord Hunsdon, with an army, they fled towards Scotland. Westmoreland escaped across the sea, and died in exile ; but Northimiberland, who had sought 120 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. refuge in Scotland, -was given up by the Regent Morton, for a bribe, and beheaded at York. There are two old ballads, relating to this affair, "The Rising of the North" and "Northumberland betrayed by Douglas," which are printed in Percy's " Reliques." NORTHUMBERLAND, HENRY, KG., 8th EARL OF, 1563—1632. This last of the Leconfield Percies, was son of Thomas, 7 th Earl, and married the Lady Dorothy, daughter of Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, by whom he had issue, besides his heir, Henry,created Baron Percy of Alnwick, 1643, an eminent loyalist in the civil war, who died ccel., 1659, when his title became extinct ; and two daughters — Dorothy, who man-ied Robert Sydney, 2nd Earl of Leicester, and was mother of Dorothy, the beautiful Countess of Sunderland ; and Lucy, who married James Hay, Viscount Doncaster and Earl of Carlisle, and in after life was as famous for inter- meddling with politics as for her beauty. On the death of Elizabeth, he used his influence, in con- junction with his kinsman, Thomas Percy, of Beverley, in facilitating the accession of James, by securing the cohesion of the Catholics, on the King's verbal promise of toleration ; who, however, when secui-ely seated on the thi-one, ignored his promise and dz'ove his Catholic subjects to desperation, which resulted in. the Gunpowder Plot. Thomas Percy, of Beverley, one of the conspirators, had been an inmate of the Leconfield household, and was killed in defending himself against those who were sent to arrest him. The Earl, although a Protestant, was suspected of com- plicity and, upon a very frivolous charge, was condemned by the Star Chamber to a fine of £30,000 and imprisonment in CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 121 the Tower for life. His estates were seized, and when £20,000 had been obtained from them, they were restored, 1614, and he was released five years afterwards, when, his castles of Leconfield and Wi-essle having gone to ruin, he retired to Petworth, where he spent the remainder of his life. He was a man of great scientific attainments and spent his long incarceration in experimentalising, along with Harriot, Hughes, and Warner, three men of congenial minds who were called " Northumberland's three Magi," whilst he himself obtained the sobriquet of " Henry the Wizard." He spent a great deal of his time also in friendly intercourse with his illustrious fellow-prisoner Sir Walter Raleigh. Lord Bacon said he was " The chief patron of the new learning, and no scholar of slender means went empty handed from his presence," and Peele dedicated to him his poem, " The Honour of the Garter," as also did Spenser, a sonnet. Algernon, his son, succeeded, who, by mamage with a daughter of the Earl of Suffolk, came into possession of Suffolk, afterwards Northumberland House, Charing Cross, recently pulled down to make way for the new approach to the Thames Embankment. OMBLER, WILLIAM, CONSPIRATOR, Executed, 1549, A resident at and probably a native of East Heslerton, who, instigated by religious and political fanaticism, in conjunction with Thomas Dale, pai-ish clerk of Seamer, and others, in the reign of Edward VI., raised an insurrection to restore the old Pcomanist faith and establish a democratic republic in accordance with an ancient prophecy, which said that in the coming time there should be no King in England, but four 122 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. governors instead, chosen by the people, and that all the nobility and gentry would be exterminated. They gathered together an army of 3,000 inistics, armed "with pitch-forks, bill-hooks, and scythes, "with "whom they marched across the "Wolds to York, murdering all persons of distinction "whom they met, lea"vdng their naked bodies on the road sides. The news speedily reached London, and Lord Piers was sent against them, with a promise of pardon to all, excepting the leadei-s, if they dispersed Ombler and the other leaders replied, in a defiant tone, that they were the servants of God and feared not any earthly King, "with all his hosts, urging their followers to remain steadfast in the good cause and God would give them the "victory ; but the rustics became alarmed at the sight of the King's troops, and sharing not the fanatical assurances of their captains, gradually melted away and sought their homes ; whilst the leaders, Ombler, Dale, Barton, and Stephenson, were made prisoners, and after a short form of trial for High Treason, were hung at Tyburn, York. OSBALDESTOX, RICHAED, D.D., BISHOP OF LOXDOX, Oh. 1764, Second son of Ptichard Osbaldeston, Kt., of Himmanby, by his second "wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Fountayne, of Malton. Dean of York, 1728-47; Bishop of Carlisle, 1747-62; Bishop of London, 1762-4. Li the year 1741, he married Pev. Laurence Sterne, author of " TrLstram Shandy," to I^Iiss Ltimley, in York Cathedral. Monument in Hutton BiLsheU Church, near Scarborough. CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 123 Autlior of tliree separate Sermons, 1723, 1748, 1752. He is frequently erroneously named Thomas by biographers and others. OUTRAI^I, SIR BENJAMIN FONSECA, KT., M.D., E.G.S., C.B., RRS., Oh. 1856, Son of Captain "William Outram, of KiUiam ; maii-ied, 1811, the daughter of William Scales and relict of Captain Richard Corne, R.N. Educated at the University of Edinburgh, and took the degree of M.D., 1809; entered the Medical Naval Service, 1794, and was promoted to the rank of Surgeon, 1796, rising gi-adually in his profession until, in 1841, he was appointed Medical Inspector of the Fleet and Naval Hospitals. He received war medals and clasps for his seiwices, and was Knighted by Patent, 1850. In 1810, he became a member of the College of Physicians, and for his attainments in other branches of science, was admitted a member of the Royal Society and of the Royal Geological Society. OXTOBY, JOHN, " PRAYING JOHNNY," Nat. Circa 1770, A popxilar revivalist local preacher, connected with the Primitive Methodists and "Apostle of the Filey Fishermen," familiarly known as " Praying Johnny." Filey had long been notorious for the \T.ce and utter neg- lect of religion of its inhabitants. The Primitive Methodists had many a time endeavoured to gain a footing there, but without success, the preachers having been mobbed, pelted 124 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. with rotten fish, and driven out of the town. At length, in 1823, at a Bridlington church meeting, it was determined to abandon the attempt to evangelise so godless a place, when Oxtoby, who was present, rose and exclaimed " The Lord has a great work to do in Filey; send me; I will live upon potatoes and sleep upon a board, before it shall be given up," when it was arranged that he should make a final efibrt. The following Sunday, he entered the town, passing along the street singing, " Tui-n to the Lord and seek Salvation," after which he preached upon the beach, in a simple, earnest style, suited to his rough, unlettered audience. Presently tears began to flow, hearts to be softened, and sinners to become convinced of the evil course of their lives. After several repeated visits, the fire which he had kindled blazed up, con- verts were multiplied, and a wondrous " revival " ensued, the fishermen of Filey becoming as exemplary for their piety as they had hitherto been notorious for their irreligion. In the account of his life and in the annals of the Con- nexion, Oxtoby is represented as having been a man of wonderful faith in the efiicacy of prayer ; and what may be deemed miracles, similar to those we read of in the lives of the Romish Saints, are recorded as answers to his prayers, for the recovery of persons afilicted with hopeless maladies. A " Poem," published on the occasion of his death, finishes with this verse : " And now he's gone, His face to see ; A fadeless crown to him is given ; May I my Jesus faithful serve And meet John Oxtoby in Heaven." PARKER, MICHAEL, MALTON, GRAVEDIGGER, 1758—1823. This eccentric specimen of humanity was born at Malton, Celebrities of the Yorkshire wolds. 125 of jioor parents, received little or no education, and was in early life employed at tlio coal yards and in hawking coals, winch he continued until his death. He was appointed grave- digger, which he looked upon as a liigh distinction, pursuing his vocation with real pleasure and enthusiasm, and burying during his fifty years career, more than 5,000 of his fellow- townspeople. He was twice married, fii'st to a honest industri- ous woman, who bore him. several children, only one of whom survived their mother, his second wife proved to be a worth- less women, who, shortly after marriage, decamped, carrying with her all the clothing of her predecessor. He was of a very affectionate disposition, and after the elopement of his wife, had only " Johnny " left upon whom to bestow his affection, who trudged at the heels of his father, who, in the intervals of crying his coals, would continually interject, " Cum alang Johnny ; cum alang." Johnny, however, died at the age of eighteen, and then the old man was left desolate, but replaced his wives and chikh-en by his cat, upon whom he lavished liis love, not permitting any of her progeny to be drowned, sixteen of whom were at one time purring at his fireside : he added also a dog, a leveret, and a turtle dove to his menagerie. His main delight was gi-ave-digging, and in healthy seasons he would complain of the dullness of trade. He was a con- noisseur in human bones, and had a fine collection ranged round the walls of his cottage. He was also an antiquary, all liis furniture being of bygone fashion ; a lover of fine art, possessing a vast collection of pictiu'es, but never expending more than sixpence in the purchase of one, and was a great admirer of public-house signboards : he was also an amateur artist and delineated a cat on a wall, which he called a landscape. He was not altogether free from superstition, and went regularly to the church-porch on St. Mai-k's eve, to see the procession of the dead of the coming year — this, however, 126 CELEBRITIES OF THE YOKKSHIRE WOLDS. may have been professional and with, a view of calculating the amount of forthcoming fees. In his latter clays, he fell into penuiy, but sturdily refused parish relief, and added to his income by selling " apple scowps," made, it was conjectured, out of church-yard bones. In Hone's Year Book, p. 315, is a memoir and portrait of ]\Iichael. He is represented in a slouched Roundhead-looking hat, fustian coat, corduroy breeches, worsted stockings, darned with every shade of coloiu-, shoes a world too large, tied with hempen string, and a coal sack thrown, with a graceful negli- gence over his shoulders. " A Sketch of the Life of Michael Parker, late of Malton, Gravedigger." Malton, 1823. Portrait. PERCY, SIR HENRY, KT., KG., SURNAMED HOTSPUR FROM HIS IMPETUOSITY AND FIERY VALOUR IN WAR, Circa 1366— UOS, The eldest son of Hemy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, by Margaret, daughter of Ralph, Baron Nevill ; married Eliza- beth, daughter of Edmund Mortimer, Earl of Mai'ch, and had issue, Henry, 2nd Earl of Northumberland. Sir Henry was one of the most redoutable warziors of that warlike age, and was constantly engaged in military affaii"S. His career may be briefly epitomised as follows. At the age of twelve, he was with his father at the siege of Berwick, and at seventeen, went with his father and Sir John Nevill to receive the residue of the ransom of King David Bruce. In 1384, he was a Guardian of the Scottish Marches ; two years after had custody of the castle of Bei*- wick, and the same year was at Calais. In 1387, he was Warden of the Scottish Marches ; the f olloAving year fought CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 127 at Otterboixrne and Chevy Cliace ; was at tlie siege of Brest, 1389, and the same year was one of tlie subscribers of the letter to the Pope complaining of the excesses of the clergy. In 1394 he was sent to punish the Scots for their infraction of a Ti-eaty, and in 1395 was engaged in the wars of France. With his father, he aided the Usurper Bolingbroke, 1399, who, in reward, confirmed him in the Wardenship of the Marches and conferred on him the custodianship of some castles. In 1401 he was appointed Justiciary of Wales, and the following year, defeated Douglas, son of the Douglas slain at Otterbourne, at Homeldon Hill, making the Earl prisoner. A dispute with the King, relative to his prisoner, induced him and his father to take up arms against Henry IV., whose forces met those of the Percies at Shrewsbury, 1403, when, after a desperate struggle, he was slain, his troops defeated, and Ms brothei-, Worcester, taken and beheaded. He is best remembered as the hero of the old Ballads of Chevy Chase and Otterbourne, which wei'e frays rather than battles, and about which some confusion exists, being in some versions represented as one and the same, but really were distinct fights, the latter the sequel of the former. The borders were guarded on the south by the Percies and on the north by Douglas, and there existed a sort of etiquette that neither should hunt across the border without permis- sion, the conflict arising oiit of a boast by Northumberland that he would take thi-ee days hunting on the Scottish side, which he carried out, and the fight of Chevy Chace, in which the Percies were victors, ensued. Douglas, then collecting a larger force, passed over into Northumberland, when the ficrht of Otterbourne took place, in the course of which Douglas was slain and Hotspur taken prisoner, the Scots remaining masters of the field, imtil the Bishop of Durham came up with fresh forces, when they fled. A stone, called " Percy's Cross," was erected on the spot to commemorate the event. 128 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. His character is finely poiirtrayed by Shakespeare in his "King Richard II." and "King Heniy lY." PERSE, REV. WILLIAM, M.A., MALTON, Vix. 1695. Author of : " A Sermon preach't upon the occasion of the Queen's Death, on the 4th Sunday in Lent, being the 3rd of March, 1694 [or 95]. By Wm. Perse, M.A., minister at Malton and Chaplain to the Rt. Hon. Lewis Earl of Feversham." York, 1695. "A Sermon preached at Malton, in Yorkshire, 27th June, 1706, being the day of Public Thanksgiving, for the signal and glorious victory, obtained by Her Majesty's Arms, in conjunc- tion with those of her allies, under the command of H.M's Captain Generall, His Grace the Duke of Marlborough, in Brabant, over the French army, and for other great successes in Catalonia and other parts of Spain." York, 1706. PHILLIPS, GEORGE SEARLE, "JANUARY SEARLE," Nat. 1816, Lecturer, author, and contributor to several periodicals, born at Peterborough ; educated at Cambridge ; went to America, 18.36, and established a school at Albany; edited the "New York World;" and returned to England, 1837. In 1838, he commenced his career as lecturer, married and settled at Sturton, county of Lincoln ; removed to Tuxford, county of Notts., 1842, and to Leeds, 1844, whei-e he obtained an appointment as second master in the school of the Mechanics' Institute and Literary Society ; edited the " Leeds Times," and was joint-editor with Dr. Lees of " The Ti-uth Seeker." In 1845, he became secretary of the Huddersfield Mechanics' CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 129 Institute ; and was resident on the Wolds sometime in the cajjacity of lectiu'er. Author of : " The Gipsies of Dane's Dyke." [A novel, the locale of which is placed at Flambrough.] " The Life of Ebenezer Elliot, the Corn Law Ehyraer." 1853. " Walks round Huddersfield." 1848. And several other works, besides contributions to periodi- cals. PEICKETT, REV. MARMADUKE, M.A., F.R.S., TOPOGRAPHER, 1804— ccel. 1839, Historian of Bridlington, born at Bridlington, son of Marma- duke Prickett, by Elizabeth (his cousin) daughter of Paul Prickett ; descended from Robert Prickett, of Everingham, near Pocklington, teyi^o. Elizabeth, of which family were Geoi'ge, Sergeant-at-Law and Recorder of York, tem2h Charles II ; Robert, of Wressle, near Howden, who married Mary, daughter of Marmaduke, 1st Baron Langdale; Rev. Thomas, 1668 — 1741-2, vicar of Kilham ; Marmaduke, a younger son, 1733 — 1763, who settled at Bridlington, married Frances, daughter of Rev. "William Buck, vicar of Church Fenton, and had issue, with two other sons and five daughters, Marmadiike, father of Rev. Marmaduke. Author of : " An Historical and Architectural Description of the Priory Church of Bridlington, in the East Riding of the County of York." Cambridge and Bridlington, 1831. Second edition, 1835. Dedicated to Archdeacon Wrangham. Map of Brid- lington and the vicinity and IG plates. [A valuable and well- written contribution to the topography of Yorkshire.] " Some Account of Bornwell Priory in the Parish of St. Andrew the Less, Cambridge." Cambridge, 1837. " Sermons." London, 1837. The whole impression of these sermons was destroyed by 130 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. jfire, excepting one copy, which is now in the British Museum, which is imperfect, wanting the title page. PUCKERmG, SIR JOHN, KT., KEEPER OF THE PRIVY SEAL, 15U—1569, A memorable lawyer, born at Flambrough of obscure paren- tage, who, by the sheer force of genius, attained a foremost position in his profession. He was the second son of William Puckering, of Flam- brough, who was so poor as to be scarcely able to give his son a decent edu.cation, but contrived to place him in a lawyer's office, from which he worked his way iipwards to a Knightship, and a seat in tlie Privy Council. He entered Lincoln's Inn for study, 1559; was called to the Bar, 1575 ; appointed Lent Reader, 1577 ; and attained the coif, 1588 ; was chosen Speaker of the House of Commons, 1585, and 1586 ; had the honour of Knighthood conferred on him, by Queen Elizabeth, 1592 ; became a Privy Councillor, and was appointed Keeper of the Privy Seal, which office he held till death. He practised in the Common Pleas, and soon distinguished himself as an astute lawyer, especially as " a Black Letter Lawyex'," entered the House of Commons and became an authority in questions of precedence and privilege. He was placed in the Chair of the House, 1585, wliich he filled effici- ently and, as it was then usual to allow Speakers to continue their practice at the Bar, he was employed by the Crown in State trials arising out of the plot for the rescue of Mary Queen of Scots from the fangs of Elizabeth, and in the prosecution of Babington and Tilney, which were conducted by him. In 1586 he was again chosen Speaker, in the CELEBRITIES OF -rilE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 131 Parliament specially called for the business of carrying out the execution of the captive Queen, which he advocated, and was sent, by the House, to wait upon Elizabeth to urge her to comply with their wish in this respect. He appeared, as counsel, in the prosecution of Davison, in the Star Chamber, " for presuming to send off the warrant for the execution of Mary without due authority," and is said to have aggravated the offence. Davison was Elizabeth's scape-goat, and Puckering, for his service, was made Queen's Serjeant. In 1589, he was leading counsel, for the Crown, in the prosecution of Knightly, in the Star Chamber, and the same year in that of the Earl of Arundel, for High Treason. His last appearance at the Bar was against Sir John Perrot, late Lord Deputy of Ireland, for High Treason, in 1592, who, although a loyal subject, had spoken disrespectfully of the Queen, for which he was found guilty, chiefly through the eloquence of Puckering, but Elizabeth, after reading the evidence, refused to allow the sentence to be can-ied out, yet she Knighted the counsellor for his zeal, made him a Privy- Counsellor, and placed in his hands the Privy Seal, ^\dth the inferior rank of Lord Keeper. Lord Campbell says of him that, " although profoundly vei'sed in all the mysteries of the common law, he was nothing of a civilian, and his mind was not much imbued with the general principles of jurisprudence." Fviller quotes a memorable speech made by him, relative to the threatened invasion of the Spanish Armada ; and Camden refers to him as " a man of great integrity." It was also said of him that he was " so dull, heavy, and awkward in his manners ; so lawyer-like and ungenteel " that Elizabeth, who disliked unhandsome men, hesitated some time before making him Lord Keeper. He man-ied Anne, daughter of George Chowne, of the county of Kent, by whom he had issue, with other childi-en, I 132 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Thomas, created Baronet, 1612, who died s.p. 1636, when the Baronetcy became extinct and his estates, including Weston, county of Herts, a grant from the crown to his father, passed to his nephew, Su* Heniy Newton, 3rd Baronet, second son of Adam Newton, 1st Baronet, created 1620, who assumed the name of Puckering, and died, s.p. 1700, when that Bar- onetcy became extinct, and the estate devolved on his wife's niece, Jane, relict of Sir George Bowyer, Baronet, with re- mainder to Vincent Grantham, of the county of Lincoln. Sir John died of apoplexy, and was buried in "Westminster Abbey, where a monument was erected to his memory. RICHAEDSON, ESTHER, LANGTON, Died 1786, aged 109 years. RICHARDSON, JOHN, ITINERANT QUAKER PREACHER. 1666—1753. The father of John Richardson was a shephei'd, at North Cave, and was one of the earliest members of the Society of Friends, having been converted by the preaching of William Duesbury ; he was born in 1624, the same year as George Fox, and after enduring the usual suffering and contumely of the Friends of that period, died in the year 1679, leaAdng a widow and five children, and a small farm for their support. John was born at North Cave, in 1666, and was thirteen years of age at his father's death ; he worked upon the farm for the maintenance of the family, until his mother, two or three years afterwards, married a Presbyterian, who took possession of the farm. John was at a very early age imbued with religious impressions, which gi'ew with his growth, and he steadily adhered to the principles of his fathei-. This, CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 133 laowever, did not please his Presbyterian step-fathei", who treated him witli great harshness, and eventually, because he would not renounce Quakerism, turned him out of doors. After casting about some time, he apprenticed himself to William Allon, a weaver, at South CliSe, whom he describes as a honest, pious man, who treated him with great kindness, as he Avould a son. Afterwards, he commenced biisiness, at Bridlington, as a dealer in clocks and watches, but did not remain there long, as he felt an inward and irresistible call to go forth and proclaim the tidings of the Gospel. He had commenced preaching occasionally, in the villages and ham- lets, at the age of eighteen, and had served an apprenticeship to the hooting and howling of mobs ; denunciations from *' Priests of the steeple houses ;" and threats from Justices of the Peace, hence was he well qualified to extend his minis- trations to a wider circle. He was f ui-ther qualified as being a fluent speakei', with a thorough knowledge of the scriptures ; keen at repartee, in replying to oljjectors ; and of a robust frame capable of enduring fatigue, privations, and peril. He made two voyages to America, one in 1700-3 and the other in 1731-3, and ti-avelled over a considerable portion of what are now the eastern United States as well as in the Islands of the West Indies, in the course of which he encountered many perils by sea and land, and met with many adventures of an amusing character, which are narrated in a racy style in his autobiography. He visited Ireland, in 1722, and traversed a great portion of England and southern Scotland, preaching the tenets of George Fox, and making many converts. As was not uncommon with many sectarians of that period, he believed that he had the gift of prophecy and mii-aculous healing, adducing many instances of cui-ing diseases by means of prayer, and was a devovit believer in special Providences. He was twice married, first oo Priscilla Connely, and secondly, after seven years of \vidowhood, to Anne Robinson, 134 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. both of whom predeceased him. With the lattei-, who was a preacher in the society, he obtained a small property at Hntton-in-the-Hole, near Lastingham, where he went to reside in after life, and where he died. " An account of the Life of that ancient servant of Jesus Christ, John Richardson, giving a Relation of many of his trials and exercises in his youth and his services in the work of the ministry in England, Ireland, America, etc." Third edition, 1774. A reprint of his aiitobiogi-aphy. RIGBY, REV. JOSEPH, HUTTON CRANSWICK, Oh. 1869, Educated at Oxford ; Deacon, 1815 ; Pr., 1816 ; Vicar of Hutton Cranswick and Perpetual Ciu-ate of Beswick, 1819—69. Author of " The Spirit of tlie Age." 1834. " An Enquiry into the Descent of Christ into Hell." 1845. RIPLEY, SIR GEORGE, KT., ALCHEMIST. Oh. 1490 or 1492. A famous alchemist and Canon of Bridlington Priory, a member of the ancient family of Ripley, of Ripley, near Leeds ; Professor of Divinity, 1489, appointed by the General Chapter of his order at Aylesfoi'd. Early in life he travelled for twenty years in France, Italy, and other lands, remaining for a long period at Rhodes, when, says Ashmole, he contributed ,£100,000 annually towards the revenues of the Knights of Malta, to sustain theii- strviggle with the Tiu'ks, which Warton pronounces to be incredible, excepting under the supposition that he had CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 135 discovered the Pliilosoplier's Stone, which was one of the objects of his chemical researches. On his return to England, Pope Innocent VIII. absolved liiiu from the Rules of his Order, to enable him the better to pi'osecute his studies and experiments ; but the Canons of Bridlington objected to this, considering such pursuits to be too intimately associated with the evil one, and refused to re-admit him on such terms, in consequence of which he entered the Carmelite Monastery of St. Botolph, at Boston, where he died. He was a man of gi'eat erudition, and w^as the best chemist of his age. In the Harleian MSS. there is a pen-and-ink sketch of his tomb, a copy of which is engraved in Prickett's " History of Bridlington Priory." He was the author of twenty-five works, chiefly poems, on Alchemy, set forth in rugged verse, w'hicli he desired might be destroyed at his death, as being merely hypotheses, without proof. The MSS., however, were deposited in the Library of the University of Cambridge, and several of them were printed by Ashmole, in his " Theatrum Chemicum," and others at Cassel, 1549. Of these works were : " Tlie Compende of Alchymy : Divided into 12 Gates ; whereunto is adjoyned his Epistle to the King. Set foorth by Ralph Rabbards." Loudon, 1591. A Poem, in Octaves, dedicated to King Edward IV. 1471. " Medulla." U7(>. [Dedicated to Archbishop Nevill.] " Aurum Potabile : or the Universal Medicine." " De Lapidaj Philosohicoe." MS. in the Bodleian Library. " Ki])ley Reviv'd : or an Exposition upon Sir George Ripley's Hermetico — Poetical Works, containing the plainest and most excellent discoveries of the most hidden secrets of the ancient Philosophers, that were ever published." [Written by Eirenaeca Philaletlius, an Englishman, stjling himself a Citizen of the World." London, 1G78. The various Tracts are paged separatelj' and dated 1G77.] " Of the Compassion of St. Mary." " The life of St. Botolph, Abbot." 136 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " The Life of St. John of Bridlington." " Theory." " Dialogues." " Dictates of a Sick Man." " Ceremonial Practice." " Concord of Guido and Raymund." " Of the Philosopher's Stone." " Mysteries of Chyniists." " Compendium of Alchemy." " Secrets of Philosophers." " Marrow of Philosophy." " The Castle of Twelve Gates." " Of Natural Magic." " The Apple of the Eye of Alchemy." " Shortart or Trumpet Sound." " The Land of Lands." " Poems and Epistles." " Philosojjhical Experiments." " Of the Temperatures of Things." etc." See Warton's " History of English Poetry " and Ritson's "Bibl. Poet" SALTMARSHE, REV. JOHN, PROPHESIER, Ob. 16J^7, A fanatical Puritan, born at Heslerton, supposed to he of the Saltmarshe family, of Saltmarshe, near Howden ; educated at Cambridge, where he graduated and became minister, first at Northampton, afterwards at Braisted, county of Kent ; then became chaplain to Sir Thomas Faii-fax's ai'my ; and finally retired to Ilford, county of Essex, where he died. He was " esteemed a person of fine, active fancy, and a good preacher, who meddled not with Presbyteiy or Inde- pendency, but laboured to draw souls from sin to Christ." His theological opinions inclined to Antinomianism, and he made pretensions to prophecying and supernatural visitations, writing and publishing several works on such subjects. The manner of his death, if truly narrated, was certainly very CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 137 remarkable. It in said that on the morninfr of December 4th, 1647, he toUl liis wife that he had been in a trance, and Jhad received a message from God, which he must deliver immediately to the army, and mounting his liorse, he rode to London and thence to Windsor, where, being introduced to the Council of Officers, he told them that the Lord had left them and would destroy them by internal dissention for having sought to destroy his people, who had stood by them when in their greatest difficulties. He then went to the General and told him that God was highly displeased with, him for having committed his saints to prison. A similar message lie delivered to Cromwell, and departed, taking leave of the officers, saying that they would not see him again. In passing thi-ough London, he called upon several friends, bidding them farewell, telling them that his work on earth was at an end, and asking them to take care of and be kind to his wifa He reached Ilford on the 9th, in perfect health ^nd cheerful spirits, but told his wife that as he had now finished his work, there was nothing more for him to do but die and go to his Master and Father to render up an account of his stewai'dship, and on the morning of the 11th he was struck speechless, and died in the afternoon of the same day. See an account of his life and wiitings in Wood's Athen. Oxon., and in Neale's " History of the Puritans." Works : " Poemata Sacra, Latine et Anglice Seripto." Cambridge, 1G36. [Poems on the Holy Raptures of David.] " Holy Discoveries and Flames." London, IG-iO. " Solemn Discourse upon the Sacred League and Covenant of both Kingdoms, opening the Divinity and Policy of it. IGH. *' Free Grace : or the Flowing of Ciirist's Blood Freely for Sinners." London, 1G45, 1702, 1839. " Dawnings of Light : with some Maxims of Reformation." Lon- don. 104:4:. " The Smoke in the Temple, wherein is a Design for Peace and Reconciliation." London, KUG. ■" Sparkles of Glory ; or some Beams of the Morning Star tu the 138 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Establishment and Great Enlargement of a Christian in Spirit and in Truth." London, 1C47. " Wonderful Predictions, declared in a Message as from the Lord, to his Excellency, Sir Thos. Fairfax, and the Councell of his Army." London, 1G48. Two woodcuts — one representing Saltniarshe in a Avinding sheet and holding a lighted torch ; the other, a portrait of Fairfax. " Twelve Strange Prophecies, beside Mother Shipton's, predicting wonderful events, with the Prophecies of Mr. John Salt- marshe, to the Lord Fairfax ; also, the manner of his death." 1G47. Curious woodcut of "Yorke City" and portrait of Mother Shipton. " Fourteen Propliecies by Mother Shipton and John Saltraarshe." lG-i8. Second edition, 16G3. SAND WITH, HUMPHREY, M.D., F.RC.P., OF BRIDLINGTON, BEVERLEY, AND HULL, 1792—1874, A pliysician, autlior, and newspaper editor, born at Helms- ley, descended from a family of landed proprietors, who suffered greatly in the civil war of Charles I., and which, smce then, has sii])plied many men of note in the army, the professions, and literature ; and was remotely connnected with Edmund Grindall, Archbishop of York. In Helmsley church are many monuments of the family, one of which is that of Ralph Sandwith, of Newton Grange, who lived in the year 1555, and whose daughter, Elenor, mamed Matthew Dodsworth, of York, and was mother of Ralph Dodsworth, the antiquary, who was born at Newton Grange, and died 1654. His gi'andfather squandered the family property, and incurred heavy liabilities by a profuse hospitality, the whole of which were afterwards honourably paid, with interest, by his son (the father of Humphrey), who was a surgeon, at Helmsley, but who removed, in 1796, to Beverley. The CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 131> mother of Humphrey was a pious and intelligent woman, who trained up her son in the dogmas of Congi-egationalism. He was educated at the Grammar School, Beverley, where he eventually became D?«c, and gained great applause by the delivery of a Greek oration at the annual exliibition : he received some gratuitous supplementary instruction from the Rev. Jose})li Coltman, Incumbent of Beverley Minster, a learned man and estimable clergyman, who took an interest ill promoting the studies and intellectual advancement of jiromising young men. He had for a school-fellow and intimate friend, Mark Bobinson, of Beverley, the founder of Chiu'ch Methodism iii that town, who was a Methodist, and through whose conversation and persuasion, he became a convert to Wesleyanism, then a despised sect, consisting chiefly of the hu.mbler classes. In conjunction with his friend and some others, he established " The Beverley Free Library," one of the ^vstfree libraries established in England, which existed a quarter of a century and was a great intel- lectual boon to the town. His father having died, an elder son succeeded to the business, and on leaving school, Humphrey was articled to his brother. Although he took great interest in medical science, he devoted a considerable portion of his time, especi- ally at night, to classical studies ; aftemvards going to London for study in his profession, where he seriously injured his health, by his close application and the burning of midnight oil. In 1815, he returned to Yorkshii-e, and entered into partnership with a surgeon, in extensive practice at Bridling- ton, where he remained until 1833, when he removed to London, to assume the editorship of the Watchman news- paper. It is a remarkable fact that he liecame the first and most formidable opponent of his friend, Mark Boliinson, in his attempt to form an union between Methodism and the 140 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Church. Robinson, who was a draper, in Beverley, promul- gated his views in a pamphlet entitled " Observations on the System of Wesley an Methodism," for which he was ■expelled from the society, after which he and his disciples erected a " Church Methodist" Chapel in Beverley, where a service was conducted, based on the prayer-book and the tenets of Wesleyanism, which lasted a few years, and even- tually died a natural death. To this pamphlet, Dr. Sandwith replied, in " An Apology for the System of Wesleyan Methodism," etc., and in " Methodism and its Relation to the Church," etc., which was succeeded by a polemic paper war, which raged with great and virulent intensity for a long period. Next he had a tilt with Lord John Russell, who, in his " Memoirs of Europe," said " If a Methodist Preacher wants a dinner, a stiit of clothes, or a few pence to pay a turnpike, he puts up a prayer and his want is miraculously supplied : thus, between fanaticism and forgery, sober and genuine Christianity is lost," to which he replied, in a pamphlet, which w^as the cause of Lord John being rejected by the constituency of Bedford, in 18.30. And, in 1833, he had an encounter with the Record newspaper, in reply to some illiberal attacks on the Wesleyan body. In 1835, he was appointed the first editor of the Wesleyan Watchman newspaper, which he conducted on Liberal-Con- servative principles, until 1842, when he was compelled, through ill-health, to resign the office. He then settled in Hull, as a physician, where he obtained •a good pi-actice ; was Physician to the Infirmary, 1842-62, and Consulting Physician, 1862-74. He took an active part in the religious, philanthropic and, literary movements of the time ; was President of the Hull Philosophical and Literary Association ; and for a long time acted as Circuit Steward of Waltham Street Chapel. In 1866, he retired from his business, settling for a while at Winterton, in CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 141 Lincolnshire, whence he removed to Beaconsfield, county of Buckingham, and in 1871, to Tod wick, near Sheffield, where he died. He married, in 1818, Jane, daughter of Isaac Ward, a ship-owner, at Bridlington Quay, by whom he had issue nine children, of whom were : Humphrey, M.D., whom see infra ; the Rev, Henry, Rector of Todwick ; and Godfrey, M.D., who died in Africa, in 1876. Dr. Thomas Sandwith, of Beverley, an eminent philanthropist, reformer in politics, advocate of social and intelleckial advancement, and author of some medical and scientific woi-ks, was his brother. Memoir in the " Wesleyan Methodist Magazine," 1875, and in the " City Road Magazine " of the same date. He was a poet of no mean ability, wrote several short poems and hymns for the Wesleyan peiiodicals, and " Julius of Rievaulx : or the Conflict of the Creeds," the scene of which is laid in his native Helmsley, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, which, however, still remains in manuscript. Author of : " History of the Bridlington Epidemic Fever." 1821. " Memoirs of tlie Life of the Rev. T. Powell, Wesleyan Mniister." 1852. " An Apology for the System of Wesleyan Methodism : being a lleply to Mr. Mark Robinson's Observations on the same subject." 1825. " Methodism and its Relation to the Church and the Nation." Methodist Magazine, May to December, 1821). " A Reply to Lord John Russell's Animadversions on Wesleyan Methodism in his Memoirs on the Affairs of Europe," etc. 1830. " Memoirs of Mrs Field." 1831. " Intolerance of Evangelical Clergymen." [A series of articles in the 'Methodist Magazine,' 1833, in reply to the "Record" newspaper.] " Remarks on the Theory and Treatment of Scarlet Fever." 1835, " Remarks on Continued Fever : more Especially on the Condition of the Brain in Fever." " On the Management of Certain Secondary forms of Diarrlioea." 142 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " Two Lectures on the Defective Sanitary Arrangements of Large Towns." " Hints on the Philosophy of Education." Hull, 1864. SANDWITH, HUMPHREY, JUK, M.D., D.C.L., Son of Humplu'ey Sandwith, supra ; born at Bridlington ; educated to the medical profession, in which he has attained some celebrity ; an ardent politician of the Philosophical- Radical school, in which interest he contested Marylebone, xmsuccessfully, in 1868 ; and a considerable traveller in the East, chiefly in connection with the medical staff of the army during the Ciimean war, and was shut up in Kars during the memorable siege, of which he published a narrative. Author of : " The Siege of Kars : A Narrative of the Six Months Resistance of the Turkish Garrison, under General Williams, to the Russian Army : together with a Narrative of Travels and Adventures in Armenia and Laristan, with Remarks on the present state of Turkey." London, 1856. " The Hakim Bashi : or the Adventures of Guiseppe Antonelli, a Doctor in the Turkish Service." 1864. " The South Sclavonic Countries : Notes on Austria and Turkey in Europe : Edited with a Preface by H. S." 1865. " The Land and Landlordism." London, 1873. *' Minsterborough : An English Tale." 3 vols. 1876. [A Novel, the scene of which is laid at Beverley (Minsterborough), with many local allusions and references.] DE SANCTtE quintino, adeliza, harpham, Vix. 12th Century, The relict of Robert de St. Quintin of Harpham, who took for her second husband, Eustace de Merch. Like many other Ladies, Knights, and Barons of that period, she made a bargain with heaven, to found a nimnery in exchange for the eternal repose of her soul; and, with CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 143 tlie consent of her son, Sir Robert de St. Quintin, in the year 1134, built a Cistercian priory for nuns, at Appleton, and dedicated it to God, St. Mary and St. John the Apostle. Amongst the rules for the government of the sisterhood ■were some rather cvu-ious injunctions — that they should not frequent the alehouse, nor go by the waterside " where it is usual for strangers to resort daily"; that "no sister bring in any man, Religious or Secular, into their chamber or any secret place and that they take in no ' Prehendinauncers ' or sojourners unless children or old persons," etc. The revenues were valued at the dissolution at £73 9s. lOd., and the site granted, 1552, to Robert Darknall, who alienated it to the Fail-faxes, who built a mansion there and made it their home. It passed, by the marriage of "little Moll," daughter of the great Parliamentary General, to George Villiers, the profligate Duke of Buckingham, by whose trus- tees it was sold, with a defective title, to Alderman Milner, of Leeds. ST. QUINTIN, SIR WILLIAM, 3rd BART., HARPHAM, 1661— c(d. 1723. Alexander, eldest son of Sir Herbert St. Quintin, Kt. of Brandesburton, came into possession of Harpham, temp. Edward II., Sir William, his descendant, was created Baronet, 1641-2, the Baronetcy expiring, through lack of male issue, 1795. Sir William was son of Sir Hemy, 2nd Baronet, by Mary, daughter of Henry Stapleton, of Wighill ; was M.P. for Hull, temp. William and Mary, Anne and George I. ; a Commis- sioner of the Customs ; twice a Lord of the Treasury ; and Vice-Treasurer and Receiver-General of Ireland. " He died universally lamented by all who knew him for Lis great abilities, probity, and love of his country." 144 GELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. SCOTT, REY. CUTHBERT, D.D., RECTOR OF ETTON AND BEEFORD, AND BISHOP OF CHESTER, 1510—1565, A famous preacher ; clever disputant in defence of the old faith, and notable in the struggle between Catholicism and Protestantism, immediately after the establishment of the Reformed Church of England. He was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, where he gi'aduated and became D.D., 1547, which degree was also conferred on him by Oxford, seven years afterwards. He was elected Master of Chiist's College, 1553, and was Vice- Chancellor of the University, 1554 and 1556. In 1546, he was nominated to the Rectory of Etton, and in 1549 to that of Beeford ; in 1554 was Prebendary of Chamberlains wood, London; and in 1556, was ajipointed, by Papal provision, Bishop of Chester, from which dignity he was deposed in 1559. From the year 1544, he became a frequent and popular preacher at Paul's Cross, London, on one occasion preaching before the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, most of the Judges, and thirteen Bishops. Along with others, he was sent, in 1554, to Oxford to dispute with Latimer and Ridley. In the first Parliament of Elizabeth, he protested vehe- mently against the restoration of the Church of Henry VIII., and the following year was appointed to consider controverted points at Westminster, but declining to attend, he was declared contumacious, bound in £1,000 to appear before the Lords in Council and fined 200 marks. Refusing compliance, he was deprived of his Bishopric and sent to Fleet prison, but was liberated on giving surety for the payment. How- ever, he immediately after absconded, leaving his sureties to pay the fine and fled to Louvaine, where he died. He was a learned man, highly extolled by Dodington in CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 145 liis " Life of Cai-r," and by Richard Shackloch, of Cambridge, in liis Latin Epitaph. Some of his Sermons, Orations, Speeches in Parliament, etc., are printed in Fox's " Acts and Monuments," and in Stryi^e's "Amials." SCOTT, JOHN, TRAINER, MALTON, 1795—1871. Born at Chippenham, near Newmarket, the son of a trainer ; married Miss Barker, daughter of an innkeeper, at Mansfield. At a very early age he was put upon the saddle, and won a race at thirteen years of age, after which he became light- weight jockey to Sii' Walter Wynn, after which he became private trainer to Mr. Houldsworth, owner of Filho da Puta, and to Mr. Petre. In 1814, he migrated to Yorkshire, and entered the stables of Mr. Franks, trainer, transferring his services, soon after, to Mr. Croft, then the first trainer of the North, wljere he acquii-ed sufiicient experience to establish himself at the afterwards famous Whitewall stables, 1825, and rose to the highest distinction as bi-eeder and trainer. From his training grounds came some of the most famous horses of the subsequent half century, the winners of seven- teen St. Legers, five Derbys, six Oaks, and a host of cups, vases, handicaps, etc. In the conduct of a business, more open than most others to dishonesty and fraud, he won the esteem of all with whom he had business transactions, for the upright and straightfor- ward way in which he conducted it. " Bill " Scott, the celebrated jockey, was his brother. Portrait and memoir in the " Illustrated News" October 21st, 1871. A monument was erected to his memory, by public sub- sci'iption, over his remains in the Malton cemetery, and a 146 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. xaarble tablet placed in Norton church, with this inscription : This Tablet is Erected in Affectionate Remembrance of JOHN SCOTT, Of Whitewall House, in this Parish, Who Died October 4th, 1871, Aged 76 Years, By his Employers, Friends, and Neighbours, as a lasting tribute to his skill and success in a Profession on which his name and fame shed a lustre. SHAW, REV. GEORGE, PRIMITIVE METHODIST PREACHER, FILEY, Author of : " Rambles about Eiley." 18G7. [Referring chiefly to the natural history of the localitj'.] " Our Filey Fishermen : with Sketches of their Manners, Customs, Social Habits, and Religious Condition. 1867. [Descriptive of the Perils of the Fisherman's vocation, and of the Intro- duction of Primitive Methodism into the village.] SLEIGHTHOLME, WILLIAM, Died, 1387, A Benedictine monk of Bridlington, eminent for his piety and austerity, at whose tomb miracles were said to be per- formed, in consequence of which he was esteemed a saint, although it does not appear that he was canonized, never- theless his name appears in the Lives of the Saints. He was an intimate friend of St. John of Bridlington, with whom he had many conversations on spii-itual matters. In one of these he asked St. John how it was that the devil did not assault people personally and materially now, as he was wont to do formerly, as, to wit, in the time of St. Dunstan. His friend replied, " the truth is that we have become so remiss in holiness and the performance of our duties, and have declined so much in spirituality that he does not find it CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 147 necessary to take so much trouble ; much lesser and lighter temptations being now abundantly sufficient for his pui'poseSo SMITH, JOHN, "HALF-HANGED SMITH," 16 17—. " Half-hanged Smith," as he was called, was the son of a farmer, born near Malton, and apprenticed to a packer, in London, after which he went to sea in a merchant vessel, volunteered into a man-of-war, and was in the glorious affair at Vigo, 1702, when the Spanish and French fleets were defeated by Rooke. On his return, his shiji was paid ofi" and he enlisted in the Guards, but getting into bad company, he deserted and com- menced the profession of burglary. In 1705, he was appre- hended, found guilty, condemned, taken to Tybvu'n, and strung up, but after fifteen minutes suspension, a repi'ieve anived ; when he was cut down, taken into a neighboiu'ing house, and restored to life. He said that when he was turned otf, he sufi'ered greatly from the di-agging weight of his body, that his spu'its were in strong commotion and passing upward to his head, that he seemed to be in a great glare of light, which appeared to proceed from his eyes and gi'adiially to become extinct, when he became unconscious ; and that when his blood began to re-flow, he experienced such intolerable agony that he wished those who had cut him down, hanged themselves. Failing to take warning by this naxTOW escape, he returned to his old practices, was again taken, and brought to trial, when the jury, not being able to decide on some knotty point, the question was referred to the twelve judges, who decided in his favour. Again, after the second extraordinary escape, he resumed his housebreaking vocation, was a thii'd time indicted, but 148 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, the prosecutor dying the day before the trial, he once more cheated the gallows. "What became of him, eventually, is not known. STANDIDGE, SIE SAMUEL, KT., MERCHANT, 1725—1801, A famous Hull merchant, born at Bi'idlington Qviay, the grandson of Robert Standidge, Chamberlain of Hull, and supposed to have been a member of the same family as Heniy Standish, Bishop of St. Asaph, the vigorous opponent of Hemy VIII., in his ecclesiastical reforms. Left destitute when young, he entered the marine service, and worked his way from the forecastle to the quarter deck ; then settled in Hull as a merchant, and became Sheriff of Hull, 1775 ; Mayor, 1795, and was knighted the same year on presenting an address of congratulation to George III. on his escape from assassination ; Warden of the Trinity House, 1777, 1782, 1795, and 1800 ; and Governor of the Poor, 1797. He was also created a knight of Russia, by the Czar Paul L In 1744, on a voyage from Virginia, he was taken prisoner of war, and can-ied to Hispaniola, after which he became master of the American, when his knowledge of the coast of Rhode Island, enabled him to navigate his ship in a snow stonn, which oljliterated all land marks. The merchants of Hull were the first to engage in the whale fishery ; and, in 17G6, he sent a ship to Greenland, then considered an unexampled instance of individual enter- prise, which returned with one whale and four hundred seals. He went to Greenland himself, on more than one occasion ; afterwards fitted out three ships for the trade, and incited othei-s to embark in the fishery. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 149 About this time, the exploration of the Ai-ctic regions occupied much attention, and he equipped a ship for that purpose, intending to go in person, but his duties as Sheriff of Hull rendered it illegal to leave the country. He Avas the fii-st to introduce seal skins to England and have them tanned, they having hitherto been tin-own over- board as useless, or only woi'th threepence each for trunk makers' purposes, but under his auspices they rose in value to thii'teen shillings. He wrote a letter to the " Naval Chronicle " on the accu- mulation of Icebergs about Newfoundland, and another on hints for the Improvement of Naval Architectvu'e. Portrait in the Trinity House, Hull ; exliibited at Leeds, 1868. STILLINGFLEET, REV. EDWARD WILLIAM, B.D., RECTOR OF HOTHAM, Oh. 1868, Descended from Edward Stillingfleet, Bishop of Worcester, and remotely from the Stillingfleets, of Stillingfleet, near York; educated at Oxford ; B.A., 1804; M.A., 1807; B.D., 1816; Fellow of Lincoln College; Vicar of South Cave, 1844-57 ; Rector of Hotham, 1857-58. Author of : " Sentiments suitable to the Times : A Fast Day Sermon." 1811. " On the Character of Idolatry and on the Propogation of Christianity in the Eastern Possessions of Britain : Two Sermons." 1819. " On Blasphemous Opinions : A Sermon." 1819. " The Christian Duty of Studying to be quiet in Restless Times : A Sermon." 1821. " Clerical Qualifications and Restless Times : A Sermon." 1847. He was also a zealous antiquary, and opened several tumuli on the Wolds, in the years 1815-16-17. 150 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS„ STRICKLAND, HENRY EUSTACHINA,. REIGHTON, 1777—18—, The fifth son of Sir George Strickland, 5th Bart., by Eliza- beth, daughter of Sir Rowland Winn, Bart.; married, 1802, Mary, daughter of Edmund Cartwright, D.D., of the county of Notts., a poet and inventor of the first power loom, which he made at Doncaster, where he erected a factory and car- ried on for some time the operation of weaving, and for which he had a grant from Parliament of .£10,000, and niece of Major of Cartwright, the Radical Refoi'mer, whose statue stands in Burton Crescent, London ; by whom he had issue, Hugh Edwin, infra. Author of : " A General View of tlie Agriculture of the East Riding : published by Order of the Board of Agriculture." York, 1812,. " Map of tlie East Riding." 8 plates, 2 colored and folded, and Table of Poor's Rates." STRICKLAND, HUGH EDWIN, GEOLOGIST, 1811—1853 s.p., A distinguished naturalist and geologist, son of Henry Eusta- chuia Strickland, supra, born at Reighton. He acquii'ed the rudiments of learning at home ; was then placed under the care of Dr. Arnold, at Ledsham ; and completed his educa- tion at Oriel College, Oxford, where he became, 1850, Reader in Geology to the University. MaiTied, 1845, Catherine Dorcas Maule, daughter of Su* William Jardine, LL.D., F.R.S., 6th Bart., eminent for his resear-ches in natural history and works on ornithology, etc. It was at Oxford where young Strickland first began the study of geology, attracted thereto by the lectures of Dr. Buckland ; and, on leaving college, he went to reside with his father, at Tewkesbury, where he commenced a systematical CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 151 survey of the Cotswold Hills and the valley of the Severn, partially in conjunction with Roderick, afterwards Sir Kod- erick Murchison. In 1835, he paid a visit to Asia Minor, in company with Mr. Hamilton, and on his return, embodied the result of his geological explorations there, in a series of papers, published in the transactions of the Geological Society. From boyhood he had been an ardent student of natural history, more especially in ornithology, possessing at a very early age an intimate acquaintance with the native birds of Britain, and a knowledge of the constructional forms of the f eathei-ed race generally. Whilst at Oxford, the attention of naturalists had been directed to the head and foot of a dodo, which had been brought to England, the only known existing remains of that extinct bii'd. To ascertain its form and habits, Strickland devoted much time, Iabo;ir, and study, and eventually, from analogical anatomy and zoological affinities, came to the conclusion that it belonged to the genus of Oolumbidoe or Doves, and published a work explaining his hypothetical assumptions, in which all sound natm-alists now concui*. He paid, also, considerable attention to the families of extant and extinct Mollusca, and published several papers on that branch of science. Considering that the nomenclature of natural history was <lefectivc, and, in many instances, not correct, he suggested, at a meeting of the British Association, the appointment of a committee for its reformation, which was agi-eed to, and he wrote the report of that committee, which has been exceed- ingly useful, in the rules laid down in it for a more accurate naming of the various species and genera. He was one of the founders of the Ray Society, and was mainly instrumental in its publication of the " Biblio. Zool. et Geol." of Professor Agassiz, of wliich he undertook the editorship, and had seen the thii-d volume through the jn-ess, when he met with hia death. He added one-third more te 152 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS the list of works, and in the fourth volume, puhlished after his death, was given a list of his own wi-itings, eighty-six in number. He was cut off in the prime of life, and in the midst of his useful labours, by a deplorable accident. In 185.3, he attended the meeting of the British Association, in Hull, embracing the opportunity while there of examining the geological reve- lations in the cuttings of the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lin- colnshire Kailway, then in process of formation, and whilst in the Charboroiigh tunnel, was so intent upon his work that he did not notice the approach of a locomotive, which came suddenly upon him, and killed him on the spot. " Memoii's and Scientific Writings of H. E. Strickland. By Sir WiUiam JartUne." 2 vols. London, 1858. Principal works : " Outline of the Geology of the Neighbourhood of Cheltenham." [Written in conjunction with Sir R. Murchison.] " The Dodo and its Ivindred : or the History and Affinities of the Dodo, Solitaire, and other Extinct Birds." London, 1848. He was employed also in the preparation of a large work on the Synonomy of the Family of Birds, one vol. of which has been })uljlished posthumously. Most of his writings consist of papers contributed to the " Transactions of the Geological Society " and the " Proceed- ings of the Zoological Society," the following being the more important : " Description of a Series of Coloured Sections of the Cuttings on the Jjirmingham and Gloucester Railway." " On the Occurrence of the Bristol Bone Bed in the Lower Lias near Tewkesbury. " On Certain Impressions on the Surface of the Lias Bone Bed in Gloucestershire." " Notes of a Section of Leckhanipton Hill. " On the Elevatory Forces wliich Raised the Malvern Hills." " Memoirs of the Geology of the Vale of Evesham." " On the New Iicd Sandstone System of Gloueestershire." " Worcestershire and Warwickshire." [Written in conjunction CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 153 with Sir R. Murchison.] " On tlie Geology of the Thracian Bospliorus." " On the Geology of the Neighbourhood of Smyrna." " On Currents of Sea Water Running into the Land in Cepha- lonia." " A General Sketch of the Geology of the Western Parts of Asia Minor." " Descriptions of New Species of Birds from West Africa." " Notes on Certain Species of Birds from Malacca." He also contributed a " Description of a New Wind Guage," to the "Mechanics' Magazine," 1825; edited Agas- siz's " Bibliograpliia Zoologice et Geologioe ;" and translated Lucien Buonaparte's " Zoology of Europe." STRICKLAND, WILLIAM, NAVIGATOR, Vix, temp. Henry VII., Descended from William de Strykeland, of the county of Westmoreland, temp. Edward I., and ancestor of the Boynton branch of the family. He was Lieiitenant of Sebastian Cabot in his expedition of discovery, under the auspices of the first Tudor King, and in consideration of his sevices, had a grant of new armorial bearings by the style and title of " Strickland of Boynton on the Wolds of Yorkshii-e." Sir William, his descendant, created Bart., 1641, was an actJA^e Parliamentarian officer in the gTeat civil war ; was M.P., for Hedon, in the Long Parliament, and was summoned by the Protector Cromwell as Baron Strickland. Queen Henrietta Maria, on her joiu-ney from Bridlington to Oxford with munitions of war, from Holland, called at Boynton Hall and appropriated all the plate, under the pre- tence of taking it as a loan. The Stricklands, in 1865, assumed, by Royal licence, the name of Cholmley, on inheriting the Whitby and Howsham estates of that family. 154 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. SYKES, SIR MARK MASTERMAN, 3rd BART., 1771— s. p. 1823, Son of Sii' Christoplier Sykes of Sleclmere, whom he succeed- ed, 1801, in the Baronetcy. He manied, first, Henrietta, daughter and heii'ess of Henry Masteiman, of Setterington, and assiuned the name of Masterman in addition to and before Sykes, on succeeding to the Setterington estates ; maiTied, secondly, Mary Elizabeth, daughter of — Egerton, of Tatton, county of Chester, but had no issue by either. He was an eminent pati'on of literature and art, and became celebrated for the noble libraiy which he collected together at Sledmere, as well as for a fine assemblage of pictures, bronzes, and other works of art. Dibdin describes the liljrary in his " Bibliomania," and falls into raptures over the " editiones principes, tall copies, rare specimens, and uniques," in all which it was pecidiarly rich. It was sold by auction, in London, in 1824, and realized the sum of ,£10,000 ; a copy of Livy on vellum was sold for 400 guineas. His pictures were also dispersed by auction, one, by Salvator Rosa, selling for 2,100 guineas. Sir Mark was a member of the Roxburghe Club, and represented the City of York in Parliament, 1807-20. Portrait (equestrian) with foxhounds, by Chalon; engi-aved by "Wood, 1821. Another portrait, engraved by Graves. " Catalogue of the Splendid, Cm-ious and Extensive Library of Sir Mark Masterman Sykes." London, 1824. " Report of a cause — The Rev. R. Gilbert v. Sii' Mark M. Sykes, Bart., being an action to recover a sum of money won on the Death of Buonaparte." York. SYKES, SIR TATTON, 4th BART., 1772—1863. No name is more thoroughly identified with the Wolds. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 155 than that of Sir Tatton Sykes. He was a representative man ; a ty|)e at once of the Wokls farmer and agi-icultural reformer ; the Yorksliire sportsman, in tlie hunting-field and on the race-course ; and of tlie " line old Enirlish gentleman." Had he lived in the times of Addison, it might have been supposed that ho had sat for the portrait of Sir Roger de Coverley. For a great number of years, he was highly esteemed, not merely by his tenantry and Wolds neighl)ours, but throughout England, for his manly, upright, and benevo- lent nature, and for what commends itself to all Yorkshire- men — his love of horses and hounds, and his patronage of sport, which he carried out in the most honest and straight- forward manner, running his horses to win and never resorting to tlie slightest deception or undei'handed practices. He was familiarly known throughout the county as " t' ould 8<|uyer." A Yorkshireman was once asked what were the three things best worth seeing in the county, who replied "York Minster,' Fountains Abbey, and H'ovild Squyer;'" but thinking he was giving undue prominence to the church, added, " On second thoughts, I would take out the xi.bbey and put in Voltigeur." He was the second son of Sii- Christopher Sykes, 2nd Bart., by Elizabeth, daughter of William Tatton, of the county of Chester, and succeeded as 4th Bart., on the death of his elder brother, Sir Mark, 3rd Bart., 1823 ; he married, 1822, Mary Aime, daughter of Sir William Foulis, Bai-t., and had issue, Sir Tatton, 5th and ju-esent Bart. ; Christophex', M.P. for Beverley, and afterwards for the East Biding; and five daughters. Until death, Sir Tatton continued to di'ess in the fashion of his youthful days — a long frock-coat, drab breeches, top- boots, and a frilled shii-t, — Ids well-known figure and costume being always welcomed Avith respectful salutations at the "throwing ofl'," and on the courses of Doncaster, York, Beverley, and Malton. A versatile politician was once rally- 156 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. ing liim on the antique style of bis dress, to whom he replied, "It is true, my Lord, that I wear the coat of my early days ; but you have changed yours so freqviently that I scarcely know you." Up to the year 1823, when he resided at Westow, near Malton, he maintained a farm exclusively for the breeding of horses ; and all through life, after his removal to Sledmere, that was a prominent feature of his establishment, some of the best race horses of the time having come from his pastures. He rode his first race, at Malton, at the age of twenty-tlu'ee, and his last at the age of sixty, winning on both occasions. From the year 1791, he never missed seeing the St. Leger run, excepting in the year of his marriage, and he is said to have made seventy-eight journeys to Doncaster on racing business. He was an enthusiastic foxhunter ; was one of the best and boldest riders of the North of England ; and kept a pack of hounds at his own expense, his kennels, at Eddlethorpe, enjoying the reputation of being inferior to none in their apjDointments. Notwithstanding liis devotion to field sports, he paid great attention to the cultivation and improvement of his estates, the erection of good farmsteads, and the comfortable housing of the cottagers. Having noticed that on spots near his kennels, where bones had been scattered, the grass gi*ew more luxuriantly than elsewhere, he experimentalised with bones as a manure, and, although he was laughed at for his new- fangled notions, he lived to see bone manure generally adopted, with the most beneficial efiects, upon the Wold farms. As a landlord, he was liberal to his tenants, more their friend than the grasping owner of their holdings; for the poor and afflicted, he ever manifested a tender and sympa- tliLsing concern ; and as a Christian, he was a munificent benefactor to the National Church, having restored or rebuilt CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 157 the churches of Kirkburn, Garton, and Bishop Wilton, and established several schools, in wliich sphere of beneficence, his son, the present Sir Tatton, is honourably following his example. After his death, his friends, tenantry, and admirers, spontaneously subscribed a large sum of money and erected a monument to his memory, of the Eleanor Cross type, on an elevated spot of ground between Sledmere and Driffield, which forms a prominent feature of the landscape for miles round. Portraits (equestrian and otherwise) have been several times engi-aved and published, wliich will perpetuate the features and figure of this characteristic country squire and genuine Yorkshii-e sportsman. TAYLOR, REV. ISAAC, M.A., RECTOR OF SETTERINGTON, An erudite and learned member of the well-known literary family — the Taylors, of Ongar, several of whom attained distinction, by means of "The FamUy Pen." Isaac Taylor, the fii-st, was the son of a "Worcester brass-founder, went to London and won fame as an engi'aver : he had three sons, Charles, the learned editor of Calmet's " Bible Dictionary ;" Isaac, and Josiah. Isaac, the second (his second son, born 1759) was an artist in early life, afterwards a dissenting minister, at Ongar, in Essex, and author of " Scenes in Europe " and other works : he man-ied Anne, daughter of — Martin, an estate agent, at Kensing, and gi-andaughter of a clergyman of Beverley, who ruined himself by building speculations at York. She was authoress of the " Family Mansion " and three or four other works. By her he had issue Aam, Jane, Isaac, INIartin, Jeffreys, and Jemima. 158 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Ann and Jane were the joint authoresses of " Hymns for Infant Minds" and other poems, which have passed through innumerable editions. Ann married the Rev. Joseph Gilbert, Classical Tutor of Masbro' College, afterwards minister of Nether Chapel, Sheffield, 1813-17, and of Fish Street Chapel, Hull, 1817-25. Mai'tin and Jeflreys were also authors. Isaac, the third, his eldest son (born 1787, died 1845), of Stanford Rivers, Essex, was the eminent author of " The Natural History of Enthusiasm," " Ancient Clu'istianity," <' Loyola and Jesuitism," " Wesley and Methodism," " The Restoration of Belief," " Fanaticism," " Spiritual Despot- ism," etc. He married (1826) Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Medland of Newington, London, and had issue, Isaac, the subject of this sketch. Isaac, the fourth, was educated at Trinity College, Cam- bridge, where he graduated B.A. (19th Wrangler), 1853 ; M.A., 1857, and gained the Silver Oration Cup. He has held the following preferments : Curate of Trotterscliife, Kent, 1857-60 ; of Kensington, 18G0-1 ; of St. Mark's, South Audley Street, London, 186 2-5. Vicar of St. Matthias, Bethnal Green, 1865-9 3 and of Holy Trinity, Twickenham, 1869-75. Rural Dean of Hampton, Middlesex, 1874-5. Rector of Setterington, 1875. Author of : " The Liturgy and the Dissenters." Third edition, 18G0. " Words and Places : or Etymological Illustrations of Histor}^ Ethnology and Geography." Eifth edition, 1804. " The Family Pen : Memorials, Biographical and Literary, of the Taylor Eamily, of Ongar." 2 vols. 18G7. " The Burden of the Poor : a Slight Sketch of a Poor District in the east-end of London." 18G7. " Etruscan Researches." 1874. " Tlie Etruscan Language." 187G. Edited : Becker's "Chronicles: illustrative of tlie Private Life of the Ancient Greeks." 2nd edition, 1854. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 159 THOMPSON, REV. JAMES, M.A., BRIDLINGTON QUAY, Educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; B.A., 1839; M.A., 1842 ; Perpetual Curate of Christ Chui-ch, Bridlington Quay and Curate of Bcssingby, 1841. Author of : " Make Full Profession of thy Ministry : an Address at the Annual Meeting of the Yorksliire Clerical Meeting." 1858. "Memorials of My Ministry." n. d. (18G2). [A series of 20 sermons preached during the 20 years of bis Ministry. Dedi- cated to and published by request of liis congregation.] THORBRAND OF SETTERINGTON, Vix. 1000. Between the Houses of Earl Ughtred and Thorbrand there existed a deadly feud, which lasted during three or four generations and was characterised by a series of barbarous murders. Styr U If son, a rich citizen of York, at enmity with Thor- brand, had a fair daughter, Sigen, whom Ughtred, Vicei'oy Earl of Northumbria, became enamoured of, and, after divorcing his existing wife, asked her in marriage. The lady consented to become his wife on one condition only, and that was that he would murder her father's enemy. Ughtred agreed, and they were married, but failing to carry out his promise, his countess caused the marriage to be annulled. Thorbrand, hearing of this compact, lay in wait for Ughtred, and murdered him with several of his followers. It might have seemed more consonant wdth the ends of justice to have put the lady to death, and not him, who declined becoming her tool in the projected crime. Earl Ealdred, of Bernicia, maternal uncle of Ughtred, in retaliation, murdered Thorbrand, and was himself killed in turn by Carl, son of Thorbrand. What was the fate o£ 160 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Carl is not known, but it is supposed that lie was put to death by Earl Siward, son of Ughtred. The sons of Carl fought side by side with Earl Waltheof, son of Siward, and the family feud appeared to have been terminated ; but, in 1073, the sons and grandsons of Carl were feasting at the family residence, at Setterington, when the house was surrounded by an armed band, the emissaries of Waltheof, and they were all slai]i there and then, saving Somerled and Cnut, who escaped. Somerled had estates in the counties of York, Lincoln, and Huntingdon ; and Cnut in Yorkshire and elsewhere. TINDALL, EDWARD, BRIDLINGTON, ARCH^O- LOCIST AND GEOLOGIST. A savant of considerable eminence in the scientific world, who made a splendid collection of stone implements and other antiquities, found in the East Riding, which were exhibited at the Archaeological Institute, in London, 1868, and pronounced to be the finest and most varied ever brought together by a private person. They were also exhibited on several occasions, at other places, always eliciting wonder at the industry and judgment wliich had gathered together such an assemblage of relics of past ages. He was a contributor of several papers to scientific jour- nals, amongst which were : " On the Red and White Chalk of Yorkshire." " The Geology of Huddcrsfield." " The Present state of the Bridlington Crag." Also of a paper read before the Royal Archaeological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, at the meeting in 1867: " Remarks on the Extinct Fauna of the East Riding of Yorkshire." He died of appoplexy, at Bridlington, 1877. CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOTiBS. IGl TODD, YEN. HENRY JOHN, M.A., F.RS., M.KS.L., Ob. 1846, A learned and erudite scholar and voluminous writer, who died at Setterington, of which village he was Rector. He was educated at Oxford, where he gi-aduated M.A., 1786, after which he became successively Minor Canon of Canter- bury ; Vicar of Milton, county of Kent, 1792; Rector of All-hallows, London ; Rector of Colsdon and Vicar of Addington, county of SuiTey ; Rector of Setterington, 1820-46 ; Prebendary of Husthwaite, York, 1830-46 ; Arch- deacon of Cleveland, 1832-46 ; and Chaplain in Ordinaiy to the Queen, 1845. He was also Keeper of the MSS., Lambeth Palace, 1803. "His researches into English literature," says Lowndes, " have been equalled by few of our Lexicographers or Com- mentators," He married, and had issue several daughters. Works : " Some Account of the Deans of Canterbury, etc., to which is added a Catalogue of the MSS. in the Church Library, Canterbury." Canterbury, 1793. " Catalogue of the Books, both Manuscript and Printed, which are Preserved in the Library of Christ Church, Canterbury." 1802. [160 only printed for circulation amongst libraries.] " Some account of the Life and Writings of John Milton." 2nd edition, 1809. " Illustrations of the Lives and Writings of Gower and Chaucer, etc., with a Glossary." London, 1810. " The Accomplishment of Prophecy in the Character and Conduct of Jesus Christ." From the Treatise on the Truth of the Christian Religion by James Abbadie, D.D., with Preface and Notes. 1810. " A Catalogue of the Archiepiscopal MSS. in the Library of Lambeth Palace," etc. London, 1812. [100 copies, for private circulation.] '• History of the College of Bonhommes, at Asliridge, in the County of Buckingham, founded by Edmund, Earl of Corn- wall," etc. London, 1812. 2nd edition, 1823. [Printed privately at the expense of the Earl of Bridgewater.] 1G2 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. <' Original Sin, Free Will, Regeneration, Faith, Good Works, and Redemption, as maintained in certain Declarations of our Reformers," etc. London, 1818. " A Vindication of our Authorised Translation and Translators of the Bible," etc. London, 1819. 2nd edition, Malton, 1834, occasioned by Sir J. B. Burgess' 'Defence of Bellamy's Translation.' " Observations on the Metrical Version of the Psalms made by Sternhold, Hopkins, and others." London, 1819. 2nd edition, 1832. " Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the Right Rev. Brian Walton, Bishop of Chester ; with Notices of his Coadjutors in Editing the London Polyglot Bible," etc. London, 1821. " An Account of Greek MSS., chiefly Biblical, which had been in the possession of the late Professor Carlyle," etc. London, 1823. [Privately printed.] " A Letter to his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury concerning the Authorship of Icon Basilike." London, 1825. " Bishop Gauden the Author of Icon Basihke, further shewn in Answer to Dr. Wordsworth," etc. London, 1829. " A Reply to Dr. Lingard's Vindication of his History of England, so far as respects Archbishop Cranmer." London, 1827. " Historical Tablets and Medallions lUustratiA'e of an Improved System of Artificial Memory." London, 1828. " Of Confession and Absolution and the Secrecy of Confession, as maintained by the United Church of England, and as Opposed to the Statements of Modern Romanists and their advocates," etc. London, 1828. " Faith and Justification : Two Discourses by Dr. Sharp, formerly Archbishop of York, and the late Owen Manning, B.D., with a Preface," etc. London, 1829. " The Life of Archbishop Cranmer." 2 vols. 1831. " Repertorium Theologicura : A Synoptical Table of the Writings of Dean T. Jackson." London, 1838. Also several Detached Sermons and Minor Works. Edited : Milton's "Masque of Comus," with Notes, etc. 1798. " The Poetical Works of John Milton, with Notes," etc. G vols. London, 1801. 2nd edition, with Life of Milton, 1809. 4th edition, with Glossary, 1842. 5th edition, 4 vols., 1852. " The Works of Edmund Spenser, with Life, Notes, Glossary," etc., 8 vols.,London, 1805. 1 vol., 1840, 1852, and 1861. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 163 " Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, etc., with Corrections and Additions." 3 vols. London, 1814. Often reprinted. Best edition, edited by U. G. Lathan. 4 vols., 18GG. " Cranmer's Defence of the Sacrament," etc. London, 1845. He was also a frequent contributor to the *' Gentleman's Magazine," and assisted Halstead in the preparation of his *' History of Kent" TOPHAM, EDWARD, MAJOR ROYAL HORSE- GUARDS, WOLD COTTAGE, THWING, Circa. 1750—1820, Son of Francis Topham, LL.D., of York, Master of the Faculties and Judge of the Prerogative Court ; whose eldest daughter, Charlotte, married Sir Griffith Bojnton, 6th Bart., and who died 1770. It -was in consequence of a pamphlet he addressed to Lord Hardwicke, that the Act for the Abolition of Fleet Marriages was passed ;• and it was he who was ridiculed by Sterne, in his "Adventures of a Watch Coat." Edward Topham was educated at Eton, where he remained eleven years, commenceti writing poetry, which was read publicly in the school, and figured conspicuously in the rebellion against Dr. Forster, the head master. He then studied at Cambridge, four years, during which period his father and mother both died, after which he travelled on the Continent and in Scotland two years ; then proceeded to London, and purchased a commission in the 1st Regiment of Life-Guards. On entering upon his duties, as Adjutant, he found the regiment in a very lax state of discipline, but under his management, from being one of the worst, it became a model regiment, for which he received letters of commenda- tion from the King, and was pictured in the print-shop windows as "The Tip-Top Adjutant," His time, however, was not spent entirely upon pipeclay ; he found abundant leisure for associating with John Wilkes, 164 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. Home Tooke, the elder Colman, Sheridan, and others of the literati of tlie age ; also to write Farces, Poems, Prologues, Epilogues, etc. In the latter, he was exceedingly happy ; one spoken by Lee Lewis in the character of Moliere's Old Woman, filled Drury Lane for several nights, and another delivered by Miss Farren, caused roars of laughter, the subject turning upon an unlucky tragedy, recently brought out at Drury Lane, which was performed with the usual amount of lamentation and tears on one side of the curtain and was received witli laughter and derision on the other. During his intercourse with the theatres, Mrs. Mary Wells, a fascinating actress, famous for her imitations of other performers, wrote to him requesting him to write an Epilogue for her benefit, which resulted in an interview and eventually in a closer intimacy. To forward her interest professionally, he established, 1787, "The World," a daily paper of wit, poetry, the di^ama, scandal, and other topics of the gay woi'ld, numbering amongst its conti'ibutors Sheridan, Jekyll, Merry, Mrs. Cowley, etc., and soon becoming im- mensely popular ; one very taking feature being a con-espon- dence on matters pertaining to the ring, between the pugilists, Humphries and Mendoza. Mrs. Wells, in a short time, became the chief conductress of the journal, and after five years of publication the copyright was sold. After the birth of four children. Topham abandoned Mrs, Wells, who lived a scrambling sort of life afterwards, and when in Fleet Prison, for debt, in 1797, met with one Joseph Sumbel, a Moorish Jew, confined there for contempt of court, whom she married, previously becoming a Jewess, and with whom she lived a wretched life, until he attempted to get a divorce, on the ground that she had broken the Jewish law, by eating "Pork Grisken," but he failed, and fled to Denmark leaving her behind. In after life she published her autobiography, " Memoirs of the Life of Mrs. Sumbel, late Wells," etc. 3 vols. London, CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 165 1811 ; in which she indulges in the most scurrilous abuse of Topham, and of the unnatural conduct of her daughters, as well as of almost all the world besides, with whom she came in contact, who seemed, to her distempered fancy, to be leagued against her. After breaking his connection with Mrs. "Wells, he became associated with a Miss Walton, whom he took into his house, under the assumed character of his niece, and whom he employed as governess to his children. With them he retired into Yorkshire, and entii'ely changed the tenor of his life. From having been a London exquisite, a green-room haunter, and the associate of wits ; he settled down as a Justice of the Peace, a country squire, a sportsman, and a fai'mer. As a sportsman, he became exceedingly popular, especially in coursing ; his kennels being considered the best in England, and his greyhound Snowball, famous for his exploits, as celebrated in Mackintosh's " Driffield Angler," was eagerly sought after by the sporting world for breeding purposes. His three daughters, who had the reputation of being the best horsewomen of the county, married the Rev. Mr. Ford, Mr. Warsop, and Mr. Aclam. Topham was friendly with Elwes, the miser, who had two illegitimate sons, one of whom was in the Major's regiment. Elwes had a superstitious dread of making his will, but Topham, after a gi'eat deal of delicate manoeuvering, per- suaded him to make one- in favour of his sons, who thus succeeded, at his death, to his accumulated wealth, which otherwise they would not have inherited. Whilst residing at Wold Cottage, the famous meteoric stone fell in one of his fields, burying itself nineteen inches in the eai-th. It was sent to Sowerby's Museum, London, and now occupies a conspicuous position in the British Museum. Major Topham published an account of the stone, and erected a pillar on the spot where it fell, with an inscrip- tion : " Here on this spot, December 13, 1795, fell from the 166 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, atmosphere, an extraordinary stone : in breadth, 28 inches ; in length, 30 inches ; and the weight of which was 56 pounds. This column, in memory of it, was erected by Edward Top- ham, 1799." See " British Mineralogy," v. 2, p. 7. Memoir and portrait in " Public Characters," vol. 7, 1805. Writings : " Letters from Edinburgh, containing Observations on the Diver- sions, Customs and Laws of the Scotch Nation." London, 1776. " Address to Edmund Burke, Esq., on his Letter to the Sheriff of Bristol." 1777. " The Poetry of ' The World.' " 2 vols. London, 1788. " The" British Album, containing the Poems of Delia Crusca [Merry] and Anna Matilda [Mrs. Cowley], originally pub- lished under the title of ' The Poetry of ' The World ' " Lon- don, 1790. * " Deaf Indeed : A Farce." 1780. '• The Pool : A Farce." 1786. " Small Talk : A Farce." 1786. " Bonds Without Judgment : A Farce." 1787. " The Westminster Boy : A Farce." 1787. " The Life of the late John Elwes, Esq." 6th edition, 1790. 12th and best edition, " With an Appendix Entirely New." Lon- don, 1805. Originally published in successive numbers of "The World." " An Account of a Remarkable Stone which Fell from the Clouds," etc. 1798. Edited : " The Chase, by Wm. Somerville : to which is Annexed a Sketch of the Author's Life, including a Preface and some Annota- tions." 1804. [This Edition of Somerville is not noticed by Lowndes.] * The Delia Cruscans took their name from the famous academy of that name, at Florence, of which Merry was a member. He was the leader also of a club of verse writers who had chanced to meet in Florence, and who assumed " Delia Crusca " as the signature for their writings. They published a volume of Poems called " The Florence Miscellany," and afterwards wrote for " The World " and other papers under the same signature. The style of their poetry was in the worst possible taste, addresses to imaginary Chloes and Florindas, odes to their mistresses' curls or dimples, all redolent of maudlin sentimentality, affected conceits, and absurd imagery. CELEBKITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 1G7 TOPHAM, JOHN, F.S.A., F.RS., ANTIQUARY, Ob. 1803, Son of the Rev. Matthew Topham, vicar of Withernwick, in Holderness, by Ann, daugliter of Henry Welwick ; born at Malton, or, according to some authoiities, at Elmly, near Huddersfield ; married a daughter of — Swinden, of Green- wich ; died at Cheltenham ; and was buried in Gloucester Cathedral. F.S.A., 1767 : F.R.S., 1779. In eai'ly life he obtained a situation under Philip C. Webb, Solicitor to the Treasury, where his skill in deci})hering old writings procured for him a situation in the State Paper Office. Afterwards he entered of Gray's Inn, was called to the Bar, and became a Bencher ; was appointed a commissioner of Bankrupts ; Secretary to the Commissioners for the publi- cation of National Records and Keeper of the Library of Lambeth Palace. Author of : " Some Account of the Collegiate Chapel of St. Stephen, West- minster." Atlas folio, 1795 and 1805-6. [Publislied by the Society of Antiquaries ] Also of Several Contributions to " The Archoeologia." Edited : Six vols, of the Rolls of Parliament. Sir John Fortescuc's " De Laudibus Legum," in English. 1775. Glanville's " Reports of Cases of Controverted Elections, Deter- mined and Adjudged in Parliament, 21 and 22 Jac. 1." Lon- don, 1775. [Edited jointly with Richard Blythe.] TRAVERS, REV. HENRY, M.A., RECTOR OF NUNBURNHOLME, A poet of whom little appears to be known, excepting that he was born at the beginning of the last century, was educated at Cambridge, where he graduated B.A., 1722, and M.A., 1736 ; and that before obtaining the living of Nun- burnholme, he had resided in the Eastern Counties near Ely. 168 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. He was author of a volume of verse, entitled " Miscellane- ous Poems and Translations, by H. Travers, M.A., Rector of Nunbiirnholme in the East Riding of the County of York." York, 1740. The poetry is of very fair quality, and above mediocrity, but such as would scarcely command attention in the pi-esent age. The earlier poi-tion consists of poems on the Fen country, chiefly in celebi'ation of the drainage works then in progress ; and there are translations of the first three books of Homer's Iliad ; and, into modern English, of some of Chaucer's Tales, but the main bulk of the volume is made up of the usual sentimental nonsense of the period, such as " To Sylvia, reading Ovid's 'Art of Love' " ; " Upon -a Young Lady Sick of the Small Pox " ; " To Dorinda Forbidding Me to Write to Her " ; " To the Fair Unknown, upon seeing her at Stourbridge Fair"; etc. TREVOR, REV. GEORGE, D.D., RECTOR OF BEEFORD, A learned divine, and author of several works ; educated at Hertford College, Oxford; S.C.L., 1834; Hon. 4th CI Ut. Hum., 1835 ; B.A., 1846 ; M.A., 1847 ; D.D., Hartford, U.S.A., 1874. Chaplain to the Hon. East India Company, Madras, 1836-46. Resident Deputy of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel iii the Province of Yoi*k, 1866-7. Rector of All Saints, Pavement, York, 1847-68. Prebendary of Apesthorpe, York, 1847. Rector of Burton Pidsea, Holderness, 1868-71. Rector of Beeford, 1871. Proctor for the Chapter in the Convocation of the Province of York, 1847. Proctor for the Archbishop of York in the Convoca- tion, 1852. Synodal Secretary to the Convocation of York, 1861-4. Author of : >' Christ and His Passion : Lent Sermons." 1847. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 1G9 " Sermons on Doctrines and Means of Grace" 1850. "Party Spirit." 1S5I. [An expostulation addressed to the Vicar of Sheffield.] " The Convocations of the two Provinces : their Origin, Constitu- tion," etc. 1852. " Church Synods : the Institution of Christ." 1852. [A Sermon preached in York Minster.] "India: An Historical Sketch." 1858. " India : Its Natives and Missions. 1859. "Russia: Ancient and Modern." 1862. " Types and Antitype : Lent Lectures." 18G4. " Egypt, from the Conquest of Alexander." 18G5. " Rome, from the Fall of the West." 1866. •' The Story of the Cross." 1866. "The Altar and the Sacrifice." 18(;7. [A Sermon preached before the University of Oxford.] "The Sacrifice, and Participation of the Holy Eucharist." 1869. Second edition, 1875. " Disputed Rubrics and the Public Worship Registration Act." 1875. Also, Several Single Sermons. DE VESCI, EUSTACE, FEUDAL LORD OF MALTON, 1166— circa 1216, Son of William fitz Eustace, who assumed the name of de Vesci, by Burga, sister of Robert de Stuteville, Lord of Knaresborough ; married Margaret, daughter of William the Lion, and sister of Alexander, Kings of Scotland, He sided with the Barons in their opposition to King John ; and, when summoned, with others, to London, to give hostages for their loyalty, fled to Scotland, when the King seized his estates ; but a reconciliation was effected by the Legate Pandulph. This, however, was but a lull in the storm. He again appeared in arms, with the Barons, influenced partially by an attempt of the King to get his 170 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. wife into his power, for licentious purposes, and the result was the enforced signature of Magna Charta, when de Vesci was appointed one of the twenty-five Barons nominated to compel the King to observe the Articles. In the year 1200, he founded an establishment, at North Ferriby, for the Knights Templar, which was converted, on the suppression of the order, into an Augustinian priory. He was slain at the siege of Bernard Castle, by an an-ow shot from the ramparts. DE VESCI, OF KNAPTON, JOHN DE VESCI, 1st BARON, Circa 1240— s.p. 1289, Descended from Yvo de Vesci, a notable Norman, who fought at Hastings, and was rewarded for his services with the hand of Ada, or Alda, daughter and heiress of William Tyson^ Lord of Malton and Alnwick, with whom he obtained those Baronies. He was the son of William de Vesci, by Agnes de Ferrers ; and married, first, Mary, sister of Hugh Lezinian, Earl of March and Engolesme ; secondly, Isabel, sister of Henry de Beaumont, and kinswoman of Queen Eleanor ; by neither of whom had he issue. He was summoned as Baron, 1264, by Simon de Montfort, after the victory of Lewes. Being in his minority at the time of his father's death, he was placed under the guardianship of Peter of Savoy. After attaining his majority, he was engaged the greater part of his life in various wars ; was one of the principal commanders in the Gascon Wars, temp. Henry III. ; afterwards, took up arms with the Barons, to enforce upon that monarch the observance of the ordinances of Oxford ; fought at -the battle of Lewes, 1264, where the King's forces were so signally defeated; and at that Of Evesham, 1265, when the Barons CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 171 suffered defeat at the hands of Prince Edward (Edward I.), where he was taken prisoner and availed himself of the Dictum of Kenil worth. He then made a pilgrimage to Palestine, and on his return was constituted, 2nd Edward I., Governoi- of Scarborough Castle ; and in the 10th of the same reign, fought in Wales, at the head of a body of Gascons, whom he had brought over from France, for that purpose. DE VESCI, OF KNAPTON, WILLIAM DE VESCI, 2nd baron, 1249—1295, Brother of John de Vesci, 1st Baron, supra, whom he suc- ceeded in the Feudal Bai"onies of Malton and Alnwick, and was summoned as Baron, June to October and November, 1295 ; married, Isabel, daughter of Adam de Periton, and had issue, John, who died sqi. and v.j). He was brought up to the legal profession, and became Justice of the Forests, North of the Ti-ent, 1285 ; Justice Itinerant for Forest Pleas, in the counties of Nottingham and Lancashire, 1286-9 ; and Chief Justice of Ireland, 1290 : he was also constituted Governor of Scarborovigh Castle, 1289. In 1290, he had livery of the Irish estates, which he inherited through his mother, Agnes, daughter of Ferrers, Earl of Derby ; and, whilst there, was charged by John fitz Thomas Avith conspiracy against the King, and instituted a suit against him for defamation, as well as challenging him to mortal combat. The King, hearing of the afHxir, prohibited the meeting, and summoned them to appear before him, at Westminster, whither de Yesci repaired, and entered the court, on horseback, armed cap-a-jne, declaring himself pre- pared to defend his honour, at any risk of life ; but his opponent did not put in an appearance, and although the 172 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. matter was broxxght before Parliament, nothing more came of it. On the death of Margaret (the Maid of Norway), 1290, he was one of the thirteen competitors for the crown of Scotland, claiming as grandson of Margaret, daughter of William the Lion. As is well known. King Edward of England, to whom the question was referred, decided in favour of Baliol, who ■was descended from David, Earl of Huntingdon, brother of King William. Ei-om this cux-umstance, the legitimacy of Margaret has been doubted, on the gi'ound that had no such bar sinister existed, the pretensions of de Yesci as lineal, would have ranked before those of either Baliol or Bruce, who were only collateral descendants of King William. On the death of his son John, he enfeofi'ed Bek, Bishop of Durham, in the castle and lands of Alnwick, in trust for his natui'al son, William de Kildare, who basely betrayed his trust, sold Alnwick to William de Percy, and pocketed the proceeds. He died at Malton, leaving his estate to his son William, and having no surviving legitimate issue, the Barony became extinct. William, his son, was summoned as Baron, 1213-14, and dying, s.p., this second creation became extinct, and the estates passed to the heii-s general of his father. DE WALKINGTON, NICHOLAS, ANNALIST, Vix. 1193, A monk of Ku-kham, supposed to have been a native of Walkington, near Beverley, who was held in high esteem for his scholarship and learning. Author of : " A Brief Narrative of the War between Henry I. and Louis le Gros, of France, and of tiie Battle of the Standard." [MS. in the Cotton Collection, British Museum.] CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 173 Bale ascribes to him also : " The Life of Walter d'Espec, founder of Kirkhani Priory." " A Treatise de Virtutibus et Vitus." WILBERFORCE, VEK ROBERT ISAAC, M.A., VICAR OF BURTON AGNES, 1802—1857, The second son of William Wilberforce, the philanthropist, by Barbai-a, daughter of Isaac Spooner ; educated at Oxford ; took a double first-class at Oriel College ; was afterwards a College Tutor, Fellow of Oriel, Examiner, and many years Select Preacher. Vicar of Burton Agnes, 1840-54. Pre- bendary of Apesthorpe, York Cathedral, 1841-7. Vicar of East Farleigh, in the county of Kent, 1843-54. Archdeacon of the East Riding, 1841-54. Married, first, 1832, Everilda, daughter of Ai'chdeacon Wrangham, and had issue, William Francis, born 1833, and Edward, born 1834, author of " Poems," " Brazil Seen Through a Naval Glass," " Social Life in Munich," " Biography of Franz Schubert," " The Duke's Honour," and " One and Another" ; married, secondly, Jane, daughter of Digby Legard, of Etton, by whom he had no issue. In 1854, he resigned all his preferments, assigning his reasons in a 2:)amphlet, "An Inquiry, "etc., wherein he protests against the Royal Supremacy, and in which lie says " It is idle to set up Holy Scriptures against the Cluu-cli, when it is only through the Chm-ch's jvidgment that we are assured of its authoi'ity." He objected also to the doctrine of the Eucharist, as held by the Church, which he explained in a work on the Eucharist. On tendering his resignation to the Archbishop of York, lie Avrote " I am as ready as ever to allow Her Majesty to be supreme over all persons and in all temporal causes within her dominions, and I shall always 174 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. render her, I trust, a loyal obedience, but that she, or any temporal ruler, is supreme in all things or causes, I can no longer admit. If the Act of 1832 were all on which my diiticulties were founded, I might justify myself, as I have hitherto done, by the consideration that it was probably passed through inadvertence, and had received no formal sanction from the Church. But my present objection extends to the Act of 1533, by which this power was bestowed upon the King, in Chancery, and to the 1st Article in the 36th Canon, which is founded on it." In the course of the same year, he was received into the communion of the Church of Rome, and ministered therein during the short period that intervened until his death. Works : "TheLifeof William Wilberforce." 5 vols. London, 1838. [Jointly with his brother Samuel.] " The Five Empires." 18^0-1845. " History of Erastianism." " The Doctrine of the Incarnation." 1848-1852. " The Doctrine of Holy Baptism." 1849. " Church Courts and Church Discipline." " The Evangelical and Tractarian Movement." 1851. '• Rutilius and Lucius : or Stories of the Third Age." 1841. " An Appeal to Convocation." 1852. " Sermons on the New Birth of Man's Nature." Second edition, 1854. " Three Charges to the Clergy of the East Riding on the Practical Effect of the Gorham Case." 1847, 1850, and 1852. " The Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist." Third edition, 1854. ** An Inquiry into the Principles of Church Authority : or Rea- sons for Recalling my Subscription to the Royal Supremacy." 18.54. Also Separate Sermons on " The Communion," " New Birth," etc. Works in reply : " Archdeacon Wilberforce's Sacramental and Priestly System Examined." By Rev. C. Smifli Bird. 185.3. *' Strictures on Archdeacon Wilberforee's Works on the Incarna- tion and Eucharist." By Rev. C. Smith Bird. 1854. " Appeal to the Archbishop of York on the Heresies of Arch- CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 175 deacon Wilberforce." By Rev. James Taylor. 1854. ■"The True Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist, in reply to Arch- deacon Wilberforce's and llomish Views in general." By Rev. James Taylor. 1855. " An Examination of the Rev. R. I. "Wilberforce's Charges Against the Church of England, contained m his " Inquiry," ■with a Reply to his Seven Letters." 1856. WILD, REV. WILLIAM TAYLOR, B.D., VICAR OF WESTOW, Educated at Cambridge ; Deacon, 1820 ; Priest, 1822 ; B.D., 1836 ; Vicar of Westow, 1833-48 ; Evening Preacher, S. James', Clerkenwell, London, 1848. Author of : " Suicide : A Sermon." 1821. " The Recognition of the Righteous in a Future World : A Sermon." 1821. " An Address to Candidates for Confirmation." 1821. " An Ordination Sermon." 1822. " The Education of the Poor, under the King's Letter : A Ser- mon." 1823. " The Christian's Passage to Eternity : A Sermon." 1824. " A Defence of the Church of England, in reply to Beverley's Letters, to the Archbishop of York, on the Corruptions of the Clmrch of Christ." Third edition, 1831. " A Defence of the Church of England Against Philo Veritas, on Bishops, Priests, and Deacons." 1831. " An Examination of Beverley's ' Tombs of the Prophets.' " Second edition, 1831. " Christian Psalmody : A Sermon." 1837. " The Case of Lof thouse Parish School : with a Protest Against the Exclusion of the Bible, Prayer Book, and Catechism from its Accustomed Instruction for One Hundred Years back and an Address to the Parishioners on their behalf." 1840. 176 CKLEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. WILTON, REV. RICHARD, M.A., LONDESBOROUGH, Educated at Cambridge; B.A., 1851 ; M.A., 1861 ; Curate of Brosely, county of Salop, 1851-4 ; Perpetual Curate of St. Thomas', York, 1854-7 ; Chaplain to the York Union, 1854-7 ; Vicar of Kirkby-Wharfe, Tadcaster, 1857-66 ; Chap- lain to Lord Londesborough, 1860; Rector of Londesborough, 1866. Author of " Wood-Notes and Church Bells," a volume of poems of which the Pall Mall Gazette, after praising the poetry, objects to the obtrusion of " solid bits of dogma, as if the writer were determined to remember his clerical voca- tion at the expense of his poetry," to which the Watchman replies, ''To us, and we doubt not to Mr. Wilton, this blame is the highest praise. The dogma is not obtruded and is as evangelical as the poetry is delightful," He commenced also a series of "Walks on the Wolds," in " Christian Society," a magazine which was discontinued after the publication of the first " Walk to Nunburnholme, Wai-ter, ajid the Neighbouring Villages." It is to be reg] et- ted that the series has not been continued in some other serial or in a volume. WODE OR WOLDE, WILLIAM, PRIOR OF BRIDLINGTON, 1460— Executed, 1537, The last Prior of Bridlington, who was installed 1531. On the Suppression of the Monasteries by Henry VIII., great discontent arose in the northern counties, where the old faith prevailed much more generally than in the south, which resulted in the insurrection called "The Pilgrimage of Grace." It originated in Lincolnshire, but soon spread into CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 177 the Eaht Riding of Yorkshire, which became the focus of the movement, under the leadership of Aske, of Aughton, near Howden, and the heads of several titled and county- families of Yorkshire. The first rising took place in 1536, but was put down by the Duke of Norfolk, who was assisted therein by the swollen state of the river at Doncaster, which prevented the passage of the Rebels, and facilitated negocia- tions for a dispersal of the Pilgrims and an assurance of pardon. The King not keeping his word in all its integrity, the insurrection broke out afresh, the following year, at Setterington, under Sir Francis Bigod, Hallam of Cawkill, Wode, and others ; but after capturing Beverley, and vainly attempting to take Hull, the conspirators melted away, and the leaders were seized and sent to London for trial, when, with the rest, Wode was found guilty, condemned and sent ■'to York for execution. On Saturday, 21st September, 1537, he was drawn on a hurdle from the castle to Knavesmire, and there beheaded and quartered, after which the mutilated fragments of his body were handed over to his fi'iends for bm-ial. In December, 1538, an inquisition was held at York, before James Fox, the King's Escheator, relative to the value of the manors, etc., belonging to the Priory, which were found to be worth £196 5s. 5d., per annum, were forfeited, and the monastery with its appurtenant buildings, excepting the fine old church, demolished in 1539. WOODCOCK, REY. HENRY, PRIMITIVE METHODIST MINISTER, Nat. 18S0, Born at Bridlington, where, from nine to fourteen years of 178 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. age, he was engaged in JNIr Forth's printing office, after wliich he was apprenticed to Mr W. Dalby, tailor. At the age of fifteen he was " converted, " and united himself to the Primitive Methodist Connection, shortly afterwards becoming a prayer-leader and exhorter. A year before the expiration of his apprenticeship, he was admitted as an itin- erant preacher, his master releasing him from his indentures. Since then he has been stationed in the following circuits : Louth, Alford, Doncaster, Brigg, Hull 1st., Driffield, Hull 2nd, Grimsby, Gravesend, Portsmouth, Hull 3rd, and Drif- field, a second time, 1876. Portrait and memoir in the " Primitive Methodist Maga- zine," March, 1877. Author of : " Popery Unmasked : being Thirty Conversations Between Mr. Daylight and Mr. Twilight, in which the Peculiar Doctrines, Morals, Government, and Usages of the Roman Church are Truthfully Stated from her own Duly Authorised Works and Impartially Tried by God's Word." Driffield, 1862. " The Gypsies : being a Brief Account of their History, Origin, Capabilites, Manners and Customs; with Suggestions for the Reformation and Conversion of the Enghsh Gypsies." 1865. " Facts Stranger than Fiction." " Recent Floods." " The Hero of the Humber : or the History of John Ellerthorpe," etc. 1868. " The Students' Hand-Book of Christian Doctrine." "The Tynewydd Colliery Disaster: A Sermon, preached in the Primitive Methodist Chapel, Driffield, on Sunday Evening, May 6th, 1877." Driffield, 1877.' WRANGEAM, YEN. FRANCIS, M.A., F.R.S., VICAR OF HUNMANBY, 1769—18J^2, Born at Malton ; educated at the Hull Grammar School, CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 179 under Joseph Miliier, and at Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. and M.A., was 3rd Wrangler, Mathematical Prizeman and Classical Medallist, but was refused a Fellowship, because, like most other ardent young men of the time, he was too enthusiastic about " Liberty " and the French Eevolution, when he left the University in disgust. He became Prebend- ary of Ampleforth, York, 1823-43, and of Chester, 1825-7 ; Examining Chaplain to the Archbishop- of York ; Vicar of Hunmanby; Archdeacon of Cleveland, 1820-8, and of the East Riding, 1828-42. He married, first, 1799, Agnes, daughter of Colonel Creyke, of Marton ; secondly, Dorothy, daughter of Rev. Digby Cayley, Rector of Thormanby, near Easingwold, fiifth son of Sii- George Cayley 4th Bart., of Brompton, by whom he had issue, Digby Cayley, Serjeant- at-Law and M.P. for Sudbury, born 1806, died 1863 ; Agnes, Frances, and Everilda, the latter of whom married, 1832, Rev, Robert Isaac Wilberforce, afterwards Archdeacon of the East Riding, In the year 1821, he became involved in a controversy with the Rev. Charles Wellbeloved, the Unitarian Minister of St. Sa-viour-gate Chapel, York, and author of the "History of York under the Romans, "which was originated by Captain Thrusk, of Feliskii-k, near Thii'sk, who, in a letter to his fellow parishioners, gave as his reason for not attending public worship in the parish chm-ch, that he had doubts as to the divinity of the second person in the Trinity and looked upon the service of the Prayer Book as idolatrous. Although the controversy resulted in a great deal of ink-shedding, the rivals were wont to meet, on the most friendly terms, at the table of Sir George Cayley ; for, although, as polemics, they were at daggers drawn, in politics, they cordially agreed, both of them being staunch, uncompromising Whigs, and were both courteous and urbane gentlemen and scholars, interested and erudite in the same branches of learning. With respect to the result of the controversy, Sydney Smith said " If I M 180 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. had a cause to gain, I would fee Mr. Wellbeloved to plead for me and double fee Mi-. Wrangham to plead against me." The Ai'chdeacon became famous, not so much as an eccle- siastic, although he was an eloquent preacher, nor in the realm of literatui-e, although he was a scholar and a poet, as for his bibliogi'aphical taste and knowledge and for the magnificent libraiy he collected at Hunmanby. He was a thorough bibliomaniac, and his chief pursuit through life was hunting after rare, curious, and out-of-the-way books, sparing neither time nor expense in securing unique copies, first editions, scarce works, books with autographs of the authors, or MS. notes, or such as chanced to be printed with curious typographical errors. " My friend, Archdeacon "Wrangham," wi-ites IMiss Mitford, " who is a collector of scarce books, and purchases no other, bought the Sally Walker Book {"The Modern Pygmation," is it not called ■?) on speculation, it being so exceedingly bad that he was sure it would soon become scarce. I think this is an admii-able piece of anticipation." The library was sold, in London, by auction, after his death, in 1843, the sale occupying twenty days. " Catalogue of the English Library of Francis Wrangham, with Critical Notes." Malton, 1826. Seventy copies only, privately printed. " Catalogue of the Extensive and Valuable Library of Ai'chdeacon Wrangham, forming Twenty Days Sale." 2 parts. London, 1843. " A Bibliographical and Descriptive Tom* fi'om Scar- borough to the Library of a Philobiblist [Archdeacon Wrangham] in the neighbourhood." By John Cole. Scar- borough, 1824. One hundi-ed copies, only, printed, " The Antiquarian Trio, consisting of Views and Descrip- tion of, first. The House in which the Duke of Buckingham died, at Kii-by Moorside ; secondly, Efiigy in the Old Town Hall, Scarborough ; Rudstone Church and Obelisk ; with a Poetical Contribution by Ai-chdeacon Wrangham. By CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. l8l John Cole." Scarborough, 1826. Two hundred copies. Works : " Poems." London, 1795. Privately printed. " Rome is Fallen : A Visitation Sermon." York, 1798. " Seatonian Prize Poem." 1800. " Discourse at Scarborough and Hull, on the Charity Schools at those Towns." York, 1803. " National Schools : with Notes on the Early History of Schools, Extracts from Curious Old Books," etc. York, 1808. "Sermons, Practical and Occasional ; Dissertations ; Translations, including New Versions of Virgil's ' Bucolica,' and of Milton's ' Defensio Secundo ' ; Seaton Poems," etc. 3 vols. London, 181G. Portrait. " Scraps : including a Translation of Milton's ' Second Defence of the .People of England,'" etc. London, 1816. Fifty copies only printed. Tracts, etc. 1816. Privately printed. " Humble Contributions to a British Plutarch." London, 1816. [Containing Specimen Lives of Sir John Clieke, Sir P. Sydney, Col. Hutchinson, Richard Bentley, Sir William Jones, and Lord Nelson.] Twenty-five copies, only, printed. Miscellaneous Tracts : viz., " Apology for the Bible," " Reasons for the Christian's Hope," " Truth of Scripture History," " Evidences of Christianity," " Bishop Butler's Analogy Abridged," "Internal Evidences of Christianity," etc. 1820. Fifty copies, only, printed. " Scarborough Castle : A Poem." 1823. " On Christian Perfection : A Discourse before the Gentlemen of York." York, 1823. " Sertum Cantabrigiense : or the Cambridge Garland. Lists of the Prizes, Prizemen, etc." Malton, 1824. " The Pleiad : A Series of Abridgements from Seven Distin- guished Writers on the Evidences of Christianity, in Opposi- tion to the Pernicious Doctrines of Deism." Edinburgh, " Constable's Miscellany," 1828. " Epithalamia tria Mariana, infelicibus eheu." Chester, 1837. Privately printed. Translated : " Specimens of a Version of Horace's Four Books of Odes." 1821. Sixty copies. " The Lyncs of Horace," etc. York, 1821. Reprinted, 1824 and 1832. 182 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. " A Few Sonnets Attempted from Petrarch in Early Life." 1817. " A Few Epigrams, etc.. Attempted in Latin Translations, by an Old Pen, nearly worn to its Stump." Chester, 1842. Printed for private circulation. Edited : •' Mortimer's ' British Plutarch.' " 6 vols., 1776. Second edition, 8 vols., 1791. New edition, with extensive additions by Rev. F. W., M.A., F.R.S., 8 vols., London, 1810. Second edition, 181G. " The liaising of Jairus' Daughter : a Poem, with a Short Memoir and a Few Poetical Contributions by the late Catherine Symmons." Scarborough, 1814. " The Works of the Rev. Thomas Zouch, Rector of Scrayingham, with Memoirs of his Life. 2 vols. York, 1820. " Waltoni, S. T. P., in Biblia Polyglotta, Prolegomena Specialia recognovit Dathianisque et variorum Notis suas immiscuit, Francescus Wrangham. 2 vols. Cambridge, 1828. LIST OF PRIORS, ETC., OF MONASTIC ESTABLISHMENTS ON THE WOLDS. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIKE WOLDS. 185 BRIDLINGTON PRIORY, Formerly Brellington and Berliiitone, founded by Walter dc Gant (whom see) early in the reign of Henry I., for Canons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine, sometimes called Black Canons. The buildings of the Priory and Church were very extensive, and complete in every respect. The nave of the Church, with its gi-and western front, wliich has been used as the Parish Chiu-ch since the Reformation and still exists, gives some idea of the original magnificence of the pile, the fragment which remains being still one of the most superb of the many fine Cliurches of the East Riding. It became exceedingly i-ich, had lands scattered over the Wolds, Holderness, other parts of Yoiksliii'e, and elsewhere, the gifts of a multitude of donors for the welfare and repose of their souls, and possessed the Churches of Attinwyc, Bridlington, Bovington (Boynton), Carnetby, Cowton (East), Fiveley (Filey), Flaynborough, Galmeton, Grenton, Ottring- ham, Scalleby and Willardeby. The Prior, for the time being, was Lord of the Manor of Bridlington. The list of benefactors extends to thuty-four folio pages of Burton's Monasticon. The Prior and Canons were invested with many privileges and immunities, notably by King Henry I., with the powers of thol and theam, sac and soc, infangtheof and zU/angtheqf ; and by Pope Innocent HI., with authority to excommunicate any person or persons who should attempt to deprive them of their property. The Monastery was dissolved in 1538, and the greater 186 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. portion, including the Priory Buildings and Offices, and the Conventual Church, demolished the following year. The revenues, at the inquisition, were found to be of the gross annual value of £682 13s. 9d. : net, £547 6s. Id. Priors : GuiCHEMAN, or WiKEMAN, ante 1122. Adebold, ante 1139. Bernard, occurs in 1145, and was witness to a charter, 1152. E-OBERT, surnamed The Scribe, occurs 1160 (whom see). It was during his Priorship (1161), that the Norwegian pirates, having plundered Whitby Abbey, advanced upon Bridlington Priory, but finding the fortifications too strong for them, were compelled to retreat. Gregory, occurs 1170 and 1173, when he was witness to charters. Hugh, occurs 1190 and 1192, on the former occasion relative to the Filey fish tithe. Helyas, circa 1200. At this period flourished William de Newbrigensis, the Monkish Chronicler, who was a native of Bridlington, but assumed his surname from the Monastery of Newburgh, where he was a monk (whom see). Hubert, occurs 1218 and 1227. It was a little before this date that Pope Innocent granted several important privileges, including that of excommunication. It was the same Pope who, on a complaint from the Canons that the Archdeacon of Richmond put them to an enormous expense in feeding his retinue, consisting of a great number of servants, with ninety-seven horses, twenty-one dogs, and three hawks, ordered him, for the future, to travel with no more than the regulation number of seven horses, a statute of the Council of the Lateran ordaining that the retinue of an Archbishop should be limited to fifty horses, a Bishop to thirty, a Legate to twenty-five, and an Archdeacon to seven. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 187 Thomas, occurs 1231, when he had a dispute with the Abbot of Whitby, rehxtive to some pasturage ; and again in 1249. John, occurs 1252. Galfride de Nafferton, occurs 1262 and 1291, who appeal's to have had a long reign. In 1290, during his Priorship, King Edward I. granted to the Prior and Canons free warren over theii- manors of Ackhxm, Askam-Richard, Bridlington, Bessingby, Burton-Fleming, Croome, Flotman- by, Fraisthorpe, Halitreholme, Kelk Parva, Skirlington, Speeton, and Witham. Galfride was summoned to the Parliament of the 23rd Edward I. Gerard de Burton, occurs 1297 ; was summoned to attend the Coronation of Edward II., and died, or resigned, 1315. He was summoned to the Parliament of the 27th Edward I. Peter de Wyrethorpe, 1315 ; resigned, 1321. About this period Peter de Langtoft, the historian, was a Canon of Bridlington (whom see). Egbert de Scardeburgh, was elected, 1321, Willis says 1331, probably a mistake. In 1333 the House was assessed at ten marks towards the aid for the marriage of the Princess Alianora, sister of Edward III. Peter (Patrick, according to Willis) de Appleby, 1342 ; resigned, 1356. Peter de Cotes, 1356 ; died, 1360. John de Twenge, 1361, who held the office but a short time. Burton styles him Saint, e\ddently confounding him with St. John of Bridlington (whom see). William de Driffield, his successor, had also a reign of short duration, the dates of wliich are not known. John de Bridlington, born at Bridlington, 1319 ; elected Prior, 1366 ; died, 1379. A man of devout and holy life,, who was esteemed a Saint after death, and usually called St. John of Bridlington (whom see). 188 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS, William de Newbold, installed, 1379. His Priorship was a period of gi-eat trouble to the Monastery, tkrough the incursions of pirates, who landed in the Bay, plundering and ravaging the country and slaughtering the inhabitants, in conseqiience of which he obtained a licence from King Richard II. to erect additional fortifications. John de Giseburne, occurs 1420, and died in office. Robert Ward, elected, 1429 ; resigned, 1443 or 1444, Robert Willy, elected, 1444 ; deprived and reduced to the ranks, 1461 or 1462. Peter Ellarde, 1462 ; resigned, 1472. Robert Bristwyk, 1472 ; resigned, 1488. His stone coflSn was discovered in what had been the south transept, in 1813, and the gravestone with an inscription may stUl be seen. John Curson, 1488 ; resigned, 1498. Dui-ing his Prior- ship died the celebrated philosopher and alchemist. Sir George Ripley, formerly a Canon, and probably a native of Bridlington (whom see), Robert Danby, 1498; died, 1506, John English, 1506; died, 1510, John Holmpton, 1510 ; died, 1521, Willi A>i Brownsflete, 1521 ; resigned, 1531, William Wode or Wolde, last Prior, 1531 ; executed, at Tybum, 1537, for participation in the InsuiTection of the Pilgrimage of Grace (whom see). CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 189 FLIXTON - ON - THE -WOLDS. In the reign of Athelstane, the Wolds were infested by wolves and other ravenous wild animals, rendering it exceed- ingly dangerous to traverse them, when one Aceborne, a landed proprietor of the district, erected here a Hospital or House of Refuge for travellers to shelter in, when attacked by ferocious animals, endowed it with land, still called Wolf- land, for the maintenance of an Alderman and fourteen brethren and sisters, the former, stout carles, well armed, who patrolled the neighbourhood for the protection of travel- lers, and the latter to attend to the wounds of such as had been injured by attacks from wolves, etc. It was dedicated to St. Mary the Vii-gin and St. Andrew, and remained in existence until after the reign of Heniy VI., as it obtained from that monarch a confirmation of its chartered possessions and privileges, under the name of Car- men's Spital. There is no list extant of the Aldermen or Heads of the House. KILLINGWOLDGHAVES, olim KINEWALGRAVE, NEAR BEVERLEY, A Hospital for sisters; founded, ante 1169; suppressed, 26th Henry VIII., when the revenues were estimated at £13 lis. 2d. gross : £12 3s. 4d. net. No record has come down of the names of Mother Superiors. 190 CKLEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. KIRKHAM PRIORY. Walter d'Espec (whom see), a notable warrior who held a chief command at the battle of the Standard, had an only son, who was killed by a fall from his horse, and having thus no heir to his estates, by the counsel of his uncle, William, Rector of Garton-on-the- Wolds, resolved to make Christ his heir, and, in conjunction with his wife, Adelina, erected monasteries at Rievaulx, and at Warden county of Bedford, and converted his mansion, at Kirkham, into a Priory of Canons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine, to the honour of the Holy Trinity. He endowed it with ample lands, and the Churches and Chapels of Burythorpe, Cramb or Crambun, Carton, Helmes- ley-Blaksmore, Billesdale, Cauld-Kirkby, Kirkby-Grindale, Kirkham, Ross, and Sledmere. William de Ros, descended from Peter de Ros, by Adeliza, youngest daughter of Walter d'Espec ; had the patronage of the Priory, and along with other gifts, in 1261, granted to the Prior and Canons "Three good wild beasts," etc., in lieu of their privilege of free warren over his lands at Hamlake (Helmsley). The Priory was surrendered in 1539, when there were a Prior and seventeen Canons, with a revenue of £300 15s. 6d. gross or £269 3s. 9d. net. The site was granted, 32nd Henry YIII., to Sir Henry Knevett, Kt. and Ann, his wife, who did not hold it long, as in the 6th Edward VI., it was held by the Earl of Rutland de rege in capitce, by the tenure of military service. A beautifiul Gothic gateway, a Saxo-Norman doorway, and a portion of the cloisters still remain in attestation of the original grandeur of the pile. Priors : William d'Espec, Rector of Garton, uncle of the founder, 1122; died, 1123. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 191 William, occiu-s 1190. Drogo, occurs 1193 and 1199. Andreas. Hugh, 1201. John de Elveley, 1204—1210. Robert de Yeteri Burgo, 1310 — 1321. John de Yarum, 1321 — 1331. Adam de Wartria, 1333—1349. John de Hartlepole, 1349 — 1362. William de Driffield, 1362. Probably the same who was Prior of Bridlington and was succeeded in 1366 by St. John of Bridlington. John de Bridlington, without date. Probably St. John, who succeeded William de Driffield as Prior of Bridlington. John de Helmesley, 1398 — 1408. Robert de Otteley, 1408. William de Frithby. Nicholas Naburne, 1456 — 1462. Thomas Irton, 1462—1470. William Prible or Perle, 1470 — 1504. Thomas de Bawtre, 1504 — 1528. John de Kildwick, 1528, who surrendered the Priory, 1539. LOWTHORPE. A collegiate establishment was founded here, in 1338, by Sir John Haslarton or Heslerton, Patron of the Church of Lowthorpe, for a Rector, six Chaplains or Chantry Priests, and thi-ee Clerks, and, by the sanction of the Ai'chbishop of York, alienated the parochial tithes for its maintenance. It survived the general dissolution of religious houses until 1579, since when no institution has taken place. No names of the Rectors occur. 192 CELEBRITIES OP THE YORKSHIRE WOLDSw MALTON PRIOPtY. Eustaclims fitz John, son of John de Burgh, sumamed Monocvilus, and nephew of Serlo de Burgh, Lord and builder of Knaresborough Castle ; married Beatiice, daughter and heiress of Yvo de Vesci, Feudal Lord of Malton and Aln-svick, in right of his wife, Ada, daughter and heiress of William. Tyson, Lord of Malton. Eustace was one of the most potent nobles of the time, and was a great favourite' with King Henry I., who bestowed upon him the Governorship of Bamborough Castle, North- umberland, of which he was deprived by King Stephen, which caused him to tlu'ow off his allegiance and join King David of Scotland in his invasion of England, in whose hands he placed his castles of Malton and Alnwick. The repulse of the invaders was due to the energy and military skill of Thurston, Archbishop of York, who raised the nobles and their retainers of the northern counties, advanced upon Malton, burnt the town and laid siege to the castle ; after which the army met King David at Northallerton, and utterly defeated him at what came to be called the battle of the Standard. In atonement for the sufferings he had been the cause of, he rebuilt the town of Malton, after his reconcilement with Stephen, and established, in the year 1150, a GUbertine Monastery for Canons of the order of Sempringham, which he endowed with lands and chui'ches. It flourished until the dissolution of Monasteries, when its revenues were found to be of ,£257 7s. gross and £197 19s. 2ti net annual value. The site was granted, 32nd Henry VIII., to Ptobert Holgate, Bishop of Llandaff, who had been Prior of Watton, in coni' Diendam, and who afterwards became Archbishop of York. Neither Dugdale nor Burton give a list of the Pi'iors. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 193 NORTON-ON-THE-DERWENT. A Hospital, dedicated to St. Nicholas, was founded in Korton, in the 12th or 13th century, by Roger de Flamvill, and placed under the government of the Gilbei-tines of Malton. Beyond this nothing is recorded of its history. NUNBURNHOLME NUNNERY, Formerly called Nunverholm and Brunham Priory, founded by Richard, Earl of Cornwall, and King of the Romans, a great wan-ior and cnisader, and one of the foremost men of his age, second son of King John ; created Earl of Poitou and Cornwall, 1226; cro^\^led King of the Romans, 1256 ; and died, 1271. Dugdale says it was founded by Roger de Merlay, Tenure Baron of Morpeth and Brunham, and Speed by the ancestors of the Barons Dacres, which would refer to the same Roger de Merlay, as his estates passed, by a heiress, to the Barons Greystock, and from them, through another heii-ess, to the Barons Dacres. The truth probably is that de Merlay was a great benefactor to the Nunnery, and thus came to be called the founder, which was a very common practice, the original founder in many cases being altogether ignored or for-'otten. But there is extant a charter of the Earl of Cornwall, witnessed by King Hemy III., his brother, and Prince Edward, his nephew, afterwards King Edward I., dated 1262, commencing " Deo et beatce Marice et monasterii 194 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. quod fundari fecimus" which sets the matter at rest and proves that he was the original founder. Cox also says, "By an inquisition taken 38th Henry VIII., it was found that the Nuns held lands of the Fee of Thomas de Greystock. The ancestor of the Lords Dacres were benefactors to them." These ancestors, who were the Barons Greystock and the Feudal Barons de Merlay, are thus spoken of as benefactors, not founders. ■ At the dissolution, 1538, the revenues amounted to £10 3s. 3d. gross, £8 Is. lid. net, per annum. The site was granted, 32nd Henry VIIL, to Sir Arthur D'arcy, Kt., second son of Sir Thomas D'arcy, who was beheaded and attainted, 1538, for having delivered up Pontefract Castle to the Pilgrims of Grace, and brother of George, 1st Baron D'arcy. He did not, however, hold it long, for we find that in the following year it was granted to Thomas Manners, Baron de Ptos and 1st Earl of Rutland, who had a grant also of the site of Wartre Priory ; and to Thomas Tyrwhit, either jointly or in separate parts. The only Prioresses which occur are : AviciA, 1282. Joan de Holm, who died 1306. Idonia de PoKELYNTON, 1306 ; resigned, 1316. Isabel Thwenge, occurs 1523. Elizabeth Kylburne, the last Prioress, who surrendered the Nunneiy, 1538. CELEBUITIES OF THK YOUILSHIRE WOLDS. 195 WARTER PRIORY, FoundoJ, 1132, by Geoffrey or Galfrid fitz Pain, wLo was seated liere, for Canons Regular of the order of St. Augustine, in liononr of St. James. William, liis son, was surnamed Ti-usbut and liad a son Geoffrey, who was so munilicent a donor to the Priory that he is often mentioned as the founder. The line of the Truslnits terminated in three co-heiresses, the eldest of whom, Rose, married Everard de Ros, Baron de Ros of Holderness, to whose family the patronage of the Priory passed, Robert de Ros, grandson of Everard, and Lord of Bel voir Castle, confirming, in the year 1279, all the donations of lands, etc., granted by the Trusbut family. Amongst the possessions held by the Prior and Canons, were the Hospital of St. Giles, Beverley, and the churches of Warter, Limd, Nunburnholme, and Middleton-on-the- Wolds. King Edward I. made the Prior a grant of free AvaiTcn over the lands of the Priory, and Henry III. gave a charter for holding an annual fair and weekly market, the formei', however, was abolished in 1328, in consequence of the murders which took place during its continuance. At the dissolution, there were a Prior and ten Canons, with a revenue of £221 3s. lOd. gross, or £143 7s. 8d. net. The site was granted, 28th and 32nd Henry YIIL, to Thomas Manners, 13th Baron de Ros and 1st Earl of Rut- land, whose father, George Manners, had inherited the patronage of the Priory and succeeded as 12th Baron de Ros, through his mother, Eleanor, sister and co-heii'css of her brother Edmund, Baron de Ros, of Hamlake. Priors : Joseph. 196 celebrities of the yorkshire wolds. Ralph. E-ICHARD, Yvo, who was living in 1132. Nicholas. Richard. Thomas, 1222—1229. Ranulph, 1229—1235. John de Leystingham, 1235—1236. John de Dunholm, 1236—1249. Robert de Lund, 1249 — 1264. He procured the charter for the fair and market. John Queldrake, 1264 — 1271. In liis time the Hos- pital of St. Giles, Beverley, was annexed. Robert, 1271—1280. John de Thorpe, 1280—1314. Richard de Wellevvyck, 1314 — 1354 Fair abolished in his Priorship. Robert de Balne, 1354 — 1364. William de Ferriby, 1364—1380. Henry de Holme, 1380—1383. John de Hemingburgh, 1383; ceased 1385. William de Tynington, or Tyrington, 1385 — 1388. Deprived by the Archbishop of York. John de Hemingburgh, re-elected, 1388 — 1392. Robert Takel, 1392—1410. Thomas Ruland, 1410—1424. Sold St. Giles' croft to the Corporation of Beverley. William de Warter, 1424 — 1445. Robert de Hedon, 1445 — 1453. William de York, 1453—1458. William Spencer, 1458 — 1485. John de Preston, 1485 — 1495. Thomas do Bridlington, 1495 — 1500. Thomas de Newsome. 1500 — 1516. William Holme, 1516. Last Prior. CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. 197 WATTON PRIORY. A sisterhood of Nuns was established liere circa 686, "whicli is supposed to have been destroyed by the Danes, about the year 870, when they desohited and plundered the Monastery of St. John, at Beverley. Nothing is known of it, excepting from legendary tales, narrated by Bede, Alured of Rievaulx, and other monkish chroniclers, of wonderful miracles worked within its walls, especially by St. John of Beverley, Archbishop of York. The only Abbess whose name has come down is Heriberg, whose daughter, Coenburg, a young nun, was miraculously restored to health in the coui-se of an hour, when lying at the point of death, by St. John. In 1148, or 1149, Eustace fitz John, established on the site a Gilbertine Px-iory, to the honour of the Blessed Virgin, of the order of Sempringham, which was a compound of the orders of St. Benedict and St. Augustine with certain modi- fications. The House consisted of a Prior with thirteen Canons and fifty-six Nuns, who were located in two separate ranges of buildings. The House appears to have been a magnificent specimen of Gothic architecture, some remains of which may still be seen, although the greater portion of the ruins were removed some three centuries ago, for repaii'- ing Beverley Minster. The seal of the Priory represented the Virgin with the infant Jesus on her lap, with a tigiu-e in the act of adoi-ation on each side, and beneath, under an arch, a monk with arms uplifted in prayer. 198 CELEBRITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE WOLDS. At tlie dissolution, in 1540, the revenues amounted to £450 7s. 8d. gross, or £3G0 IGs. lOd net rental. Willis says that the site was granted, 3rd Edwai'd VI., to John Earl of Warwick. Peiors : The list, which is very scanty, contains a record of the following only : Patrick, who was elected Master of the Order of Sem- pringham, 1 2 G 1 . John, who i-esigned, 1304. James Bolton, who occurs in 1479 and 1482. E.0BERT HoLGATE, Bisliop of Llandaff", who held the office in commendam, who surrendered the Priory, and who was afterwards nxised to the Archiepiscopal throne of York. [advertisement.] 199 PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION BY THE SAME AUTHOR, I3I0G11APIIIA EBOEACENSIS, A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF YORKSHIRE CONSISTING OF SKETCHES OF THE LIVES OF PERSONS CONNECTED WITH THE COUNTY BY BIRTH OR ANCESTRY ; RESIDENCE OR TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS J TITLE OR OFFICE ; WITH FULL-LENGTH PEDIGREES OF NOBLE AND COUNTY FAMILIES. NOTICES OF AUTHORS WHO HAVE WRITTEN WORKS RELATING TO YORKSHIRE; AND ACCOUNTS OF ECCENTRIC CHARACTERS, REBELS, INSURGENTS, AND NOTORIOUS CRIMINALS. This work, which will contain several thonsand names, and which is approaching a certain state of completeness, has cost the compiler twenty yeai's of labour in the collection of materials. Such a work of reference has hitherto been a desideratum, for although there are several volumes descrip- tive of the lives and careers of the worthies of certain towns and districts ; and Biographical Dictionaries, which give the lives of the moi'e eminent names of the county, still the vast majoi'ity of more or less notable characters connected with the county can only be found scattered over the pages of 200 [advertisement.] Topographical Histories, in rare works not easily accessible, and in the MSS. of the British Museum, the Bodleian Library, and elsewhere. Hence it is thought that a work of this character, brinjiinsc the whole into one focus, will be useful and acceptable, not only to students and antiquaries, but to the public of Yorkshire in general. The County of York stands proudly pre-eminent in the pi'oduction of great men, especially in Prelates, Divines, and Scholars. At one time both the metropolitan see^ were held by Yorkshiremen — Tillotson and Sharp, and the number of Archbishops and Bishops who have sprung fx'om Yorkshire has been very much greater, even in proportion to size, than that of any other county. It has been the home of many illus- trious families, such as the Mowbrays, the Percies, the Neviles, the Talbots, the Scropes, the de Cliffords, the How- ards, the Cavendishes, the de Brus' the Baliols, the Wortleys, the Fitzwilliams, the Wentworths, the Lacies, the Belasyse's, the Saviles, tlie Rokebys, the Lascelles', the Hastings', the de Viponts, the Conyers', the Nortons, the Mauleverers, the Beaumonts, the Tempests, the Meinells, the de la Poles, the St. Quentins, the Stapletons, the Vava- sours, the Villiers', the Hothams, etc. ; and was the birth-place of Talbot, the scourge of France ; Warwick, " the king maker ;" and Henry Hotspur ; also, in more modern times, of the warriors Lord Hawke, Lord Howard of Effingham, Generals Fairfax and Lambert, Sir Marmaduke Langdale, and Sir John Hotham. It gave also an Empex'or to Rome, in the person of Constantino the Great. In the very long list of Divines and Scholare we find the names of Alcuin, Alured, Ealred, Hampole, Langtoft, Manyng, Newbrigensis, Hoveden, Wyclif, Coverdale, Fisher, Tillotson, Biyan Wal- [adveutisemext.] 201 ton, Usher, Asclmui, Waterland, Bramliall, Margetsoii, Skirlaugh, Tuustall, Morton, Balguy, Sutclifle, Bradbury, Henry Burton, Hicks, Jollie, Goodwin, Nesse, Bootliroyd, Joseph Milner, Conyers Middleton, and Dr. R. Bentley. Anionjjst the Poets and other writers occui- the names of Ccedinon, Gower, Crashaw, Congreve, Mason, Ebenezer Elliot, Rushworth, Rymer of the Foedera, Sterne, Charlotte Bronte, etc. ; in the list of Antiquaries those of Dodsworth, Burton, Drake, Thoresby, and Gale. In the domain of art we find the names of Flaxman, Etty, Cromek, Cope, Goodall, Armitage, and Frith ; and in that of science those of Ripley, Smeaton, Waterton, Spence, Ray, Strick- land, Priestley, Saunderson, Seclgwick, and Smithson Ten- nant. The list of navigators gives Frobisher, Cook, Scoresby, Oglethorpe, and Luke Fox ; and that of statesmen, patriots, and philanthropists Judge Gascoigne, Andrew Marvel, Rock- ingham, William Wilberforce, and the modern Salts, Sheep- shanks, and Crossleys. Besides these there is a long list of eminent names, the children of Yorkshire families, although born outside the county, in which appear those of Dean Swift, Paley, Stillingfleet, Whitgift, Bishop Heber, Long- fellow, Raffles and Faraday. A county which has given forth such an aiTay of distin- guished men as the above-named, who are but a few, jotted down at random, from the gi-eat mass, ought certainly to take measures to rescue from oblivion and presex-ve the memories of her illustrious children of the past and bring them together, as it were, in a temple where their lives and characters may be contemplated by the passing generations. Such is the end and aim of the compiler of this work, and if he succeeds in merely laying the foundation, upon which 202 [advertisement.] the sup3i"structure may afterwards gi"ow, lie will feel that liis labour lias not been in vain. The undertaking is of a gigantic nature, entailing an immensity of work in the way of research, and especially in the verification of dates, names, etc., and in reconciling the conflicting accounts of different authorities, yet^ errors will undoubtedly creep in and names probably be omitted, through ignorance or oversight, which ought to appear. The compiler will thei-efore feel himself under an obligation for suggestions or information respecting persons of obscure localities or whose names have not hitherto come prominently before the public. Letters addressed to F. Ross, 4, Tinsley Terrace, Stamford Hill, London, N., will be thankfully received. IN THE PRESS AND WILL BE PUBLISHED IM- MEDIATELY, BY THE SAME AUTHOR, EPOCHS IN THE PAST OF HUNTINGDONSHIRE, Forming an Epitome of the History of the county. Fostei', St. Ives, Hunts. /Y- THOS. HOLDERNESS, PRINTER, "OBSERVER OFFICE, DRIFFIELD. ERRATUM. P:Hge 70 — James Hall was the nephew, not son, of Samuel Hall, of Beverley. His father was John Hall, of Hcorbro', from whom he inlierited his estates. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. JUL; ■ 'G^ 11986 01- Kuburl Fcrm L9-100m-9,'52(A3105)444 DA Ross - ■"57C Celebrities of Y6R73 the Yo rkshire wolds . 3 1158 01104 8708