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 ITS 
 
 HISTORY & ASSOCIATIONS 
 
 COMPILED FROM ORIGINAL AND 
 
 UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS 
 
 BY 
 W^ILLIAM RALPH DOUTH^^^AITE 
 
 LIBRARIAN. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 REEVES AND TURNER, loo, CHANCERY LANE, 
 ICtii]) 13oofe3cUcrs anti ^ublisJjcrs. 
 
 1886
 
 LONDON : 
 PRINTED BY C. F. ROWORTH, GREAT NEW STREET, FETTER LANE.
 
 DA 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 page 
 INTRODUCTION xi 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 EARLY HISTORY — MANOR OF PORTPOOL 
 
 CHAPTER n. 
 
 THE GREY FAIMILY — THE CHIGWELL FAMILY — 
 SHENE PRIORY 
 
 CHAPTER HI. 
 
 gray's INN AS AN INN OF COURT — SIR CHRISTO- 
 PHER YELVERTON's ADDRESS — SEGAR'S MS. . I 9 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 ANCIENT CONSTITUTION — READINGS — "A SUCCES- 
 SION OF readers" — MOOTS — ANCIENT ORDERS 30 
 
 8;25sa?
 
 vi CONTENTS 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 page 
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS — RIOT IN RED LION FIELDS — 
 
 DR. BAREBONE's BUILDINGS . . • -99 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 THE HALL — WINDOWS IN THE HALL — TREASURERS 
 — PORTRAITS — PROCLAMATION CONCERNING 
 
 QUEEN Elizabeth's portraits — the chapel 
 
 — list of preachers — WINDOWS . . .Ill 
 
 CHAPTER VH. 
 
 THE LIBRARY — INCIDENTAL MENTION OF LIBRARIES 
 OF OTHER INNS — JUSTICE RASTALL's LIBRARY, 
 A.D. 1 5 6 2 — CATALOGUES — MANUSCRIPTS — DO- 
 NATIONS 17^ 
 
 CHAPTER VHI. 
 
 THE GARDENS — BACON's SEAT — TREE PLANTED BY 
 HIM — PEPYS — ADDISON — LAMB — ROOKS AND 
 OTHER BIRDS 1 83 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS — SIR FRANCIS BACON — SIR 
 WILLIAM GASCOIGNE — SIR ANTHONY FITZHER- 
 BERT — SIR WILLIAM STAUNFORDE — SIR JOHN 
 HOLT — SIR SAMUEL ROMILLY — CLAYPOOLE 
 AND CROMWELL FAMILIES . . . . I92
 
 CONTENTS vii 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 page 
 MASQUES AND REVELS — PRINCE OF PURPOOLE — 
 GESTA GRAYORUM — SHAKESPEARE's "COMEDY 
 OFERRORS" — " ROUND ABOUT OUR COALFIRe" 222 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 
 ARMORIAL BEARINGS — BUNNY's " SCEPTRE OF 
 
 JUDAh" — THE GRIFFIN OF GRAy's INN . . 247 
 
 CHAPTER XH. 
 
 allied inns of chancery — staple inn — bar- 
 nard's inn 252 
 
 CHAPTER XHI. 
 
 THE society's SCHOLARSHIPS . . • .260 
 
 INDEX 263
 
 ( ix ) 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 CARVED SCREEN IN THE HALL. 
 
 FIELD COURT. 
 
 SOUTH SQUARE. 
 
 HOLBORN GATE. 
 
 THE HALL. 
 
 STAPLE INN. 
 
 BARNARD'S INN.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 LL the four Inns of Court were originally- 
 situated in the suburbs of London.* 
 The Inner and Middle Temples at the 
 extreme limit of the liberties outside 
 Ludgate ; Lincoln's Inn on the south side of 
 Holborn, where, in 1296, the gardens of the Earl 
 of Lincoln produced apples, pears, nuts, and 
 cherries, not only in sufficient numbers to supply 
 the Earl's table, but also to yield a profit by 
 their sale;t and Gray's Inn on the north side of 
 Holborn, which retained its rural character even 
 
 * Hcntzner, the traveller, describing the Inns of Court, misspelt 
 tlie names of two of them, which appear in his pages as Grezm and 
 Lyconxin. In 1807, his Journey into England was re-printed at 
 Reading by Mr. T. E. Williams, at his own private press ; and the 
 editor, attempting to explain these names, added this note — *' The 
 Temple ; Names of two Danish Kings buried there, G resin and 
 Lyconsin." 
 
 t ArchcEological Journal^ 1848.
 
 xii INTRODUCTION 
 
 to the beginning of the present century. Sir 
 John Fortescue alludes to this characteristic in 
 his work De Laudibus Legum AnglicB, where he 
 writes : " The place of study is not in the heart 
 of the city itself .... but in a private place in 
 the suburbs." 
 
 The neighbourhood of Holborn has long been 
 one of the chief law quarters of London. Staple 
 Inn, Barnard's Inn, Furnival's Inn, and Thavies 
 Inn are all in the vicinity of Holborn, and one of 
 the four " great " Inns, the subject of this volume, 
 is adjacent to that thoroughfare itself. Some idea 
 of the neighbourhood in the time of Elizabeth 
 may be obtained by reference to the old map 
 attributed to Ralph Agas. Holborn there ap- 
 pears as an open country road, commanding a 
 northward view of the Hampstead and Highgate 
 Hills, and of the little " lonely, almost forsaken, 
 church of St. Pancras " midway. A few houses 
 and shops near Holborn Bars, and the gardens 
 and buildings of Gray's Inn, are indicated, to- 
 gether with Gray's Inn Lane, the houses in 
 which thoroughfare then extended no further 
 than what may be called the postern of the 
 Inn. 
 
 Although Gray's Inn still retains much of its 
 retired character, we must picture to ourselves
 
 INTRODUCTION xiii 
 
 the home of Bacon as not only a quiet place in 
 itself, but one surrounded by quietude. It was 
 quite cut off from Holborn, which, as we have 
 said, was a country road, and the entrance was 
 from Gray's Inn Lane. Beyond the gardens 
 stretched the Gray's Inn Fields, while Gray's Inn 
 Lane, beyond what is now Theobald's Road 
 (altered from "King's Road" in 1878) was also 
 a country road between hedges, which led to 
 Kentish Town. 
 
 John Smyth of Nibley, in his excellent Lives of 
 the Berkeleys* (ii. 283) writes of Henry, Lord 
 Berkeley, in the middle of Queen Mary's reign, 
 as "living with his mother at Kentish Town 
 and Shoolane in London, and daily hunting in 
 Gray's Inne feilds and in all those parts towards 
 Islington and Heygate, with his hounds, whereof 
 hee hath many and those excellent good," and 
 says that he had " the company of many gentle- 
 men of the Innes of Court, and others of lower 
 condition that daily accompanied him," and how 
 he had " one hundred and fifty servants in livery, 
 that daily then attended him in their tawny 
 coates." 
 
 Samuel Pepys was a constant visitor to Gray's 
 
 * A beautifully printed work, edited by Sir John Maclean, F.S.A.
 
 xiv INTRODUCTION 
 
 Inn and its neighbourhood, and frequent mention 
 of the place will be found in the Diary. Under 
 date nth May, 1 66 1, he writes : "To Gray's Inn, 
 and there to a barber's where I was trimmed, 
 and had my haire cutt, in which I am lately 
 become a little curious, finding that the length 
 of it do become me very much." 
 
 "i2 March, 1668-69. — To Grayes Inne, and 
 at the next door, at a cook's-shop of Howe's ac- 
 quaintance, we bespoke dinner, it being now two 
 o'clock ; and in the meantime he carried us into 
 Grayes Inne to his Chamber, where I never was 
 before ; and it is very pretty, and little and neat, 
 as he always was. And so after a little stay, 
 and looking over a book or two there, we carried a 
 piece of my Lord Coke* with us, and to our dinner, 
 where after dinner he read at my desire a 
 chapter in my Lord Coke about Perjury, wherein 
 I did learn a good deal touching Oaths." 
 
 For centuries Gray's Inn has been esteemed a 
 most agreeable residence, and not only barristers 
 and students of the law, but divines and literary- 
 men have been tempted to live here by the quiet- 
 ness of the spot. Delaune, writing in 1681, says 
 the place "yields a most gallant prospect into 
 
 * Institutes,
 
 INTRODUCTION xv 
 
 the country, and in its beautiful walks one may 
 partake of the fresh country air as well as if in 
 the country." Sir Samuel Romilly, in a letter 
 to his sister dated from his chambers in Gray's 
 Inn Square, December 12th, 1780, says: "My 
 rooms are exceedingly lively. In the depth of 
 winter the moment the sun peeps out, I am in 
 the country. A cold country it is, for having 
 only one row of houses between me and Highgate 
 and Hampstead, a north-west wind blows full 
 against my chambers." 
 
 Nathaniel Hawthorne {English Note Books, 
 ii. 581) speaking of the delightful seclusion of 
 Gray's Inn, says : " After leaving Lincoln's Inn 
 we looked at Gray's Inn, which is a great, quiet 
 domain, quadrangle beyond quadrangle, close 
 beside Holborn, and a large space of greensward 
 enclosed within it. Nothing else in London is 
 so like the effect of a spell as to pass under one 
 of these archways, and find yourself transported 
 from the jumble, rush, tumult, uproar, as of an 
 age of week-days condensed into the present 
 hour, into what seems an eternal Sabbath. It is 
 very strange to find so much of ancient quietude 
 right in the monster city's very jaws — which yet 
 the monster shall not eat up — right in its very 
 belly, indeed, which yet, in all these ages, it
 
 xvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 shall not digest and convert into the same sub- 
 stance as the rest of its bustling streets." 
 
 Dickens is by no means so complimentary, 
 and in his Uncommercial Traveller he writes : 
 "Indeed, I look upon Gray's Inn generally as 
 one of the most depressing institutions in brick 
 and mortar known to the children of men." 
 Surely few Londoners will be found to agree 
 with this opinion of the great novelist. 
 
 The monastic peacefulness and central posi- 
 tion of the place have drawn within its precincts 
 many men of mark, besides those who have been 
 members of the Inn. Mr. W. C. Hazlitt in a 
 communication to Notes and Queries (3 Series, x. 
 246), gives a hint to biographers on this point. 
 He writes : " It is not an uncommon thing to see 
 on the title-page of an old volume, that it was 
 written by so and so, of such and such an Inn of 
 Court ; but this was done in many cases by 
 persons who did not belong to the particular Inn 
 named, and merely resided within its precints. 
 I may give an instance ; I might easily give 
 several. There is a poem, or what is called 
 one, entitled. Atlas U7ider Olympus^ by William 
 Austin, of Gray's Inn, Esq., 1664, 8vo. ; but 
 no such person as William Austin appears 
 on the books of the Society at that date ; the
 
 INTRODUCTION xvii 
 
 writer in question had simply chambers in the 
 Inn." 
 
 Three old Poets were residents in Gray's Inn, 
 George Chapman, Samuel Butler, and John 
 Cleveland, Dr. Johnson removed in 1758 from 
 Staple Inn to Gray's Inn, and in 1764 Goldsmith 
 was also a temporary resident here, Southey 
 lodged here in 1797, and among other resi- 
 dents of mark may be mentioned Rawlinson, 
 Cobbett, and John Britton. Arthur Murphy, 
 the friend of Johnson and Garrick, and a well- 
 known playwright, published about the middle 
 of the eighteenth century a periodical in imi- 
 tation of the Spectator, Rambler, &c., which he 
 called the Grays Inn Journal. 
 
 Ritson, the antiquary, lived and died at No. 8, 
 Holborn Court. Lyell, the geologist, and W. J. 
 Broderip, the naturalist, both lived in Raymond 
 Buildings. The Rev. Alexander Dyce, the 
 dramatic scholar, lived in Gray's Inn Square, 
 where he kept the valuable library which he be- 
 queathed to the South Kensington Museum. 
 
 Between 1819 and 1834 Lord Macaulay resided 
 in chambers at No. 8, South Square, which was 
 afterwards taken down for an extension of the 
 Library. An incident related by him in a letter 
 to Mr. Ellis will not be out of place. He is 
 
 D. b
 
 xviii INTRODUCTION 
 
 writing of a division in the House of Commons 
 on the Reform Bill in 1 83 1 , and says : " I called 
 a cabriolet, and the first thing" the driver asked 
 me was, *Is the Bill carried?' 'Yes, by one.' 
 ' Thank God for it, sir !' and away I rode to Gray's 
 Inn." — (Trevelyan's Life and Letters of Lord 
 Macatilay, i. 203.) 
 
 The Gray's Inn Gate where Jacob Tonson, 
 Pope's publisher, first kept his shop, and where 
 also Thomas Osborne, the purchaser of the 
 Harleian Library lived, was the gate in Gray's 
 Inn Road, and not the one in Holborn. Nash, 
 the pamphleteer of Elizabeth's reign, mentions 
 an old tree that stood by this gate in his Have 
 with you to Saffron Walden. Tonson afterwards 
 took the shop under Holborn Gate as well. 
 
 Soon after Holborn Gate was erected, the shop 
 beneath was taken by a bookseller of the name 
 of Henry Tomes, who deserves to be remem- 
 bered as the publisher of the first edition of 
 Bacon's Two bookes of the proficience ajid advance- 
 ment of Learning (1605). He also published 
 The Commendatio7i of Cockes and cock-fighting. 
 Wherein is shewed, that cockefighti7ig was before the 
 cojuingof Christ. By George Wilson. 4to. 1607.* 
 
 * Z. C. von Uffenbach, in his Diary of Travels through Germany, 
 Holland, and England in 1709-10, says : " On the i8th of June we
 
 INTRODUCTION xix 
 
 Gray's Inn Lane was once a fashionable place 
 of residence, and as evidence of the rank of 
 persons living there in the reign of Queen Eliza- 
 beth, the following licence to Edward Stanhope 
 of Gray's Inn, to erect a dwelling-house in that 
 place may be introduced. 
 
 State Papers. Domestic. Elizabeth, 1582. 
 
 Vol. 156, No. 41. 
 
 " Upon the humble sute of Edward Stanhope 
 of Grays Inne in the countie of Midd. esquier 
 our generall surveyor of our possessions of our 
 Duchy of Lancaster in the north partes (and his 
 information to us geven) that as well in respect 
 of his attendauns at our court of our saide Duchy 
 in the terme times, as for his better service in 
 the said office, and other his occasions, he is in- 
 forsed to recide and inhabite a great part of the 
 yere, in and about our Citie of London, (es- 
 peciallie in the winter season) he having in 
 Grays Inne lane in our countie of Midd. an apt 
 pece of ground, or garden place nere unto his 
 
 went to see the cock-fighting. This is a particular delight of the 
 English, however barbarous it appears to strangers. There is a 
 house specially buOt for it near Gray's Inn. The house is round 
 like a tower, and inside just like a theatrum aiiatomicum, with 
 benches rising above each other aU round, on wliich the spectators 
 sit."
 
 XX INTRODUCTION 
 
 aifaires, whereupon he might build a house for 
 his owne habitation, that it would please us to 
 licence him to erect and builde him a house 
 upon the same, notwithstanding our late procla- 
 mation, for restraint of some buildinges in and 
 about our said Citie, which his sute, in the 
 respectes aforesaid we tendring, have by theis 
 presentes as muche as in us is, gevene licens 
 and libertie to the said Edward Stanhope, to 
 erect one house for his owne use and dwelling 
 in suche his ground and garden place in Grays 
 Inne lane aforsaid, as he shall thinke most apt 
 and convenient for his purpose in that behalfe 
 Our saide proclamation, or anything therein 
 conteyned to the contrary, notwithstanding, 
 
 " POPHAM." 
 [Endorsed] " 1592. 
 
 M'- Ed. Stanhopes 
 
 request unto her Ma*'"'" 
 
 To builde an howse upon his owne 
 
 ground in Holborne notwithstanding 
 
 the late Proclamation." 
 
 Among the celebrated residents of Gray's Inn 
 Lane, special mention must be made of John 
 Hampden and John Pym ; John Aubrey, the 
 antiquary ; Shirley, the dramatist ; Ogilvey, the
 
 INTRODUCTION xxi 
 
 translator of Virgil ; and Langhorne, the trans- 
 lator of Plutarch. 
 
 Of the four Inns of Court, Gray's Inn was 
 not the latest in point of foundation, nor has it 
 been the least distinguished in respect to the 
 Englishmen whose names have been enrolled 
 upon its registers. In a later page a list of some 
 of these is given. Here it is only necessary to 
 mention two, of whom the Society has most 
 reason to be proud — Bacon and Burghley. 
 Burghley ever spoke affectionately of his con- 
 nection with Gray's, Inn, calling it " the place 
 where myself came forthe unto service ; " and 
 Bacon's attachment ceased only with his life. 
 
 If not now the most conspicuous among the Inns 
 of Court, Gray's Inn was not unfrequently, and 
 particularly in the Elizabethan period, the most 
 popular and best attended, Ben Jonson styled 
 the Inns of Court "The noblest nurseries of 
 humanity and liberty in the kingdom," and in 
 his day, Gray's Inn stood at the head of the four 
 Inns, the number of students, in 1585, being 
 nearly double that of the others. " These learned 
 Societies," says a writer in the La-w Review (xxiii. 
 43), "are objects of great curiosity to such as 
 delight in looking back upon our earlier legal 
 annals. The antiquity which ennobles them —
 
 xxii INTRODUCTION 
 
 the success with which they passed through the 
 civil troubles of the realm — the gravity, learning 
 and discipline of their former rulers — present 
 circumstances of the highest interest. No one 
 who has looked round their Halls, and beheld 
 those emblazoned gems which decorate them, 
 can feel other sentiments than those of reverence 
 and affection." 
 
 The Harleian Manuscript 191 2, compiled by 
 Simon Segar, of which such liberal use has been 
 made in this work, was rather decried by Foss 
 [Judges of England^ iii. 382), but only with re- 
 spect to the list of Readers before the reign of 
 Henry VIII. Otherwise Foss is constrained to 
 admit that this manuscript, " as far as it col- 
 lects the authentic records connected with Gray's 
 Inn and details its documentary history from its 
 books, is a very valuable compendium." 
 
 Segar's alphabetical table of " admissions," 
 &c., has been tested by comparison with such of 
 the records of the Society as are still extant, and 
 is shown to be exact. He must be judged by no 
 more and no less than the tests applied to any 
 one who attempts to write of matters not within 
 his personal knowledge. After allowing for 
 several errors, the fact remains, that Segar must 
 be regarded as a competent authority, and as
 
 INTRODUCTION xxiii 
 
 one whose work is drawn from undeniably 
 original sources, including books that are now 
 unhappily lost. 
 
 I desire to acknowledge my indebtedness to 
 Mr. J. A. C. Vincent, for much kind help during 
 the compilation of the work, and for the descrip- 
 tion of the armorial bearings and the ancient 
 windows.
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 CFaiijBi SfiiStorB* 
 
 IHE origin of the Inns of Court is involved 
 in much obscurity. Successive writers have, 
 after considerable research, acknowledged 
 themselves unable to trace their original institution, or 
 what was the precise distinction between them and the 
 Inns of Chancery. The reader who cares to learn what 
 has been written on the subject, will find all the informa- 
 tion as yet obtained, or perhaps likely to be obtained, 
 in the works of Fortescue,^ Dugdale^ and Foss.^ 
 
 The Great Charter of Henry the Third, which was 
 granted 1 1 February, 1224-5, contained an article, repeat- 
 ing the terms before used in John's Great Charter, that 
 common pleas or causes should not follow the King's 
 Court, but be held in some certain place. After the 
 Conquest one constant court of justice had been 
 established in the King's hall, thence called aula regis. 
 
 ' ^' De laudibus legu7nAnglia;,^^ c^iy). ^(). ^ Origines Juridiciales. 
 3 The Judges of England. 
 
 D. B
 
 2 GRAY'S INN 
 
 As this great court necessarily moved about with the 
 King's household, great inconvenience resulted, which 
 called for some special remedy ; and thus Westminster 
 Hall was appointed as the " certain place." 
 
 The prohibition issued 2 Dec. 1234, by Henry HI., 
 that no schools of law should be thenceforth held in 
 the City of London (Close Roll, 19 H. HI. m. 22) may 
 be reasonably taken as the cause foi' all the inns being 
 subsequently established beyond its limits. 
 
 In the Parliament of 20 Edw. I. (7 January, 127 1-2) 
 the King enjoined the Lord Chief Justice, with his fellow 
 judges, to appoint attorneys and apprentices, chosen in 
 every county throughout England for their aptitude and 
 ability, the Council deeming seven-score persons suffi- 
 cient, but giving the judges discretionary power to in- 
 crease or reduce that number as they might see fit. 
 These persons and no others were to intermeddle in 
 the business of the law. The division of the courts, 
 which was effected in this reign — the Common Pleas 
 being fixed (as already seen) at Westminster, while the 
 King's Bench and the Exchequer followed the King 
 in his progresses throughout England — contributed yet 
 more to the establishment of legal students in settled 
 residences. 
 
 Gray's Inn stands upon the site of the Manor of 
 Portpoole, or Purpool, and derived its name from the 
 noble family of the Greys of Wilton, being their " Inn " 
 {hospitiuni) or dwelling. Domesday Book contains no 
 reference to the Manor of Portpool. Holborn, however,
 
 MANOR OF PORTPOOL 3 
 
 is mentioned : — " At Holeburn the King hath two cotars, 
 who render by the year 20^. to the King's Sheriff. In 
 the time of King Edward the Sheriff of Middlesex 
 kept these cotars. William the Chamberlayn renders 
 yearly to the King's Sheriff 6^. by the year for the land 
 where his Vineyard is set." 
 
 A very large portion of the Hundred of Ossulstone, 
 in which Gray's Inn is situated, belonged of old time 
 to the Bishop and Canons of St. Paul ; and from the 
 Manor of Portpool, an ancient Prebend of St. Paul's 
 Cathedral took its name. In the list of Prebendaries of 
 the Cathedral, given in Dugdale's History of Saint PauVs 
 Cathedral, 269, the name of Theobald stands as that of 
 the first Prebendary of Portpool. The date of his col- 
 lation is not given, but he is supposed to be the same 
 person who is mentioned as Archdeacon of Essex in 
 1218, and again in 1228. 
 
 According to Archdeacon Hale {Domesday of St . PauV s, 
 Introduction, iv.) the records of the Cathedral of St. Paul 
 exhibit no conclusive evidence as to when, or under 
 what circumstances, either the Chapter as a body, or 
 the Prebendaries as individuals, became possessed of 
 their lands and manors ; and Portpool seems to have 
 been one of those portions of the Cathedral property 
 which' formed the separate estate of one of the Canons. 
 In the portion of Domesday Book which relates to Mid- 
 dlesex, it is set forth that " the Canons might give and 
 sell their lands to whom they willed without the licence 
 of the Bishop." 
 
 I? 2
 
 4 GRAY'S ININ 
 
 Portpool is also mentioned in the Fine Roll {Excerpta 
 e Roiulis Finiuvi, ii. 265) 42 Henry III. (1257) 5 Nov. : — 
 
 " William le Bacheler and Isabella his wife give half 
 a mark for an assize of novel disseisin, to be taken before 
 the Justices at Westminster, against Simon de Gardino 
 and others, of tenements in the streets of Holeburne and 
 Purtepol, in the suburb of London." 
 
 In Yzxiov^'s, Account, &c. of St. Giles in the Fields, 182, 
 it is stated that "The antient manor of Portpole, or 
 Purtepole, is mentioned in a deed 46 Hen. III. (126 1-2) 
 by which Robert de Purtepole, possibly its then owner, 
 gives to the hospital of St. Giles {int. al.) ten shillings 
 annual rent issuing from his house in St. Andrew Holborn 
 parish, to find a chaplain to celebrate his anniversary 
 obit in the hospital church." 
 
 In the 22d. Edward I. (1293) the Dean and Chapter 
 of St. Paul's Cathedral were summoned to appear before 
 the Justices Itinerant, to answer by what warrant they 
 claimed to have a Court Leet and various other liber- 
 ties in Chiswick, Sutton, and other places, among which 
 is Purtepol Sokne. The following is a translation from 
 the Assize Roll {Placita de Quo Warranto, 22 Edw. I.) : — 
 
 " The Dean and Chapter of the Church of St. Paul 
 were summoned to answer the Lord the King of a plea 
 by what warrant they claim to have view of frankpledge 
 and the amends of the assize of bread and ale broken, 
 pillory, tumbrel, infangenthef, outfangenthef, gallows, 
 chattels of fugitives and condemned persons their 
 tenants, year and waste of their lands, and the amercia-
 
 MANOR OF PORTPOOL 5 
 
 ments of their men in (among other places) Purtepol 
 Sokne and Fynesbury Sokne. And the Dean and Chap- 
 ter come, and the Dean saith that he found the afore- 
 said Church seised of the aforesaid liberties, and that 
 he ought not to answer thereupon without the Bishop 
 of London. And the Bishop is present, and freely joins 
 himself with the aforesaid Dean and Chapter in answer- 
 ing, who say, that they and their predecessors, from time 
 whereof memory is not, have had all the liberties afore- 
 said in the aforesaid Vills, and have used the same 
 without interruption, except that they have not had 
 Gallows otherwise than in Fynesbury Sokne, at which 
 they have caused judgments to be executed on the con- 
 demned of their tenants of all the Vills aforesaid, and 
 this from the aforesaid time when memory is not : and 
 by this warrant they claim the liberties aforesaid. 
 
 " The Jury chosen for this purpose say upon their oath 
 that the aforesaid Bishop, Dean and Chapter have had 
 the aforesaid liberties in their Manors aforesaid and 
 have fully used them from time whereof memory is not 
 without any interruption ; except that they have not 
 had nor have they gallows otherwise than in the afore- 
 said Vill of Fynesbury. And they say that when any of 
 their men of the aforesaid Vills is taken, they cause 
 their twenty-two hides to assemble there in order to give 
 judgment concerning him. i^Et dicunt quod cum aliquis 
 hominum suonim prcdictaruvi villarum captus fuerit 
 convenire faciimt ibidem viginti duas hidas suas ad judicium 
 de eo perficiendum.')
 
 6 GRAY'S INN 
 
 " Therefore the aforesaid Bishop, Dean and Chapter 
 go without day, saving the right of the Lord the King, &c." 
 
 In 1347, the highway (^'^■a regia) leading from Saint 
 Giles's Hospital to the Bar of the Old Temple, London, 
 and another way, called Pourtepol, annexed to the 
 former, by constant traffic of horses and carts going to 
 and from the City, had become so rotten and miry {adeo 
 putride et p^vfunde) as to cause great inconvenience and 
 danger. The king consequently granted, in aid of the 
 repair of these two ways, certain customs or tolls to be 
 levied for two years on saleable things passing along 
 them, and by way of Charinge towards the City. From 
 these dues all lords, ladies, religious men and ecclesi- 
 astics were to be exempted. {Fat. R. zi Edw. III. pari i, 
 m. 18.)
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 CCORDING to Dugdale {Baronage, i. 712) the 
 family of Grey of Wilton was descended from 
 Henry de Grey of Codnor, in Derbyshire, to 
 whom Richard I., in the sixth year of his reign, gave 
 the manor of Thurrock in Essex ; which grant was con- 
 firmed by King John. By his wife, Isolda, he had six 
 sons ; of whom John, the second, was progenitor of the 
 Lords Grey of Wilton. This John (dead before 28 
 March, 1266) had a son and heir, Reginald de Grey, 
 the first of this family mentioned in connection with 
 PortpOol, who died in the first year of Edward II. (be- 
 fore 5 April, 1308.) An Inquisition, taken after his 
 death at " Purtepole," states — that he died seised of a 
 messuage with certain lands and rents there held of the 
 Dean and Chapter of St. Paul, London, by service of 
 rent, and suit of Court, leaving John his son and heir : 
 as appears at large by the following translation. 
 
 Reginald de Grey. 
 
 Chanc. Inq. p. m., i Edw. II., N" 54, m. 11. 
 " An Inquisition taken before the Escheator of the 
 Lord the King, on Monday the morrow of the Close 
 of Easter, in the first year of the reign of King Edward, 
 son of King Edward (22 April, 1308) at Purtepole, con- 
 cerning the lands and tenements of whiih Reginald le 
 Grey was seised on the day on which lie died in his
 
 8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 demesne as of fee, in the county of Middlesex, by the oath 
 of Thomas de Meldeburne (and others) who say upon 
 their oath : that the said Reginald le Grey was seised 
 at Purtepole, on the day on which he died, of a certain 
 messuage, with gardens, and with one dove-house, which 
 are worth by the year beyond reprise ten shillings. Also 
 they say, that there are there thirty acres of arable 
 land, which are worth by the year twenty shillings, 
 price of the acre, eightpence ; also they say, that there 
 is there of assize-rent 22s., payable at two terms of the 
 year; namely, at the feast of St. Michael, iis., and at 
 the feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Mary, iis.; 
 also they say, that there is there a certain windmill* 
 {molendinum ventriticuni) which is worth by the year 
 20s. Also they say, that the said Reginald le Grey held 
 all the aforesaid lands and tenements of the Dean and 
 Chapter of St. Paul, London, in chief, by the service of 
 \zs. 2d., at two terms of the year, etc. (as before) to be 
 paid ; and suit of court from three weeks to three weeks. 
 Also they say, that John le Grey is his next heir, and is 
 of the age of thirty years and more. In witness, etc.'^ 
 
 To enable this John de Grey to alienf in 1315 some 
 part of the property in mortmain, the Crown, at his 
 instance, issued a writ of ad quod damnum, and the return 
 made, after stating that such alienation was not to the 
 
 * " MiUs anciently belonged to Lords of Manors, and the tenants 
 were permitted to grind only at the Lord's mill." — Ellis's Intro- 
 duction to Domesday, i. 122. 
 
 t The object of this alienation is fully stated in a subsequent 
 chapter (p. 144).
 
 GREY FAMILY 9 
 
 damage of the King or any others, adds that the pro- 
 perty is " holden of Robert de Chiggewell, by the ser- 
 vice of rendering to the same Robert one rose yearly ; 
 and the same Robert holds the said tenements, together 
 with other tenements, of the Dean and Chapter of St. 
 Paul, London, and the aforesaid Dean and Chapter hold 
 the same of the Lord the King, in pure and perpetual 
 alms." {^Inq. ad quod damnum, 8 Edw. II. N° 169.) 
 
 John de Grey died in the seventeenth year of 
 Edward IL (1323-4) and was succeeded by his son 
 Henry, who died in the sixteenth year of Edward IIL 
 (1343) leaving a son and heir, Reginald. 
 
 This Reginald de Grey of Wilton, in turn died seised 
 of the Manor, " Hospitium in Portepole," which was 
 then leased out, as appears by the Inquisition taken 
 after his death, 44 Edward IIL (1370) the translation of 
 which here follows : — 
 
 REGINALD DE GREY OF WILTON. 
 Chanc. Inq. p. m., 44 Edw. III. (ist numbers) N" 30, m. 16. 
 
 " An inquisition taken at Holbourne, in the county of 
 Middlesex, before John de Bisshoppestone, the Es- 
 cheator of the Lord the King, in the county aforesaid, 
 on the 24th day of June, in the fourty-fourth year of the 
 reign of King Edward the Third after the Conquest 
 (1370) by virtue of a certain writ of the said Lord the 
 King, sewed to this inquisition, by the oath of Roger 
 Leget (and others) who say, upon their oath, that 
 Reginald de Grey of Wilton upon Wee, deceased, in 
 the writ contained, held no lands or tenements in his 
 demesne as of fee, or in service, of the Lord the King
 
 lo GRAY'S INN 
 
 in chief, in the county aforesaid, on the day on which 
 he died. But they say that the said Reginald held, on 
 the day aforesaid, in the county aforesaid, a certain 
 inn in Portepole, near Holboume, with one garden, and 
 eleven small shops, with the appurtenances, in his 
 demesne, as of fee, together with three acres of land 
 adjacent, of the Dean and Chapter of the church of 
 St. Paul, London, by fealty, and by the service of 
 32^-. 2d., payable at the feasts of Easter and St. 
 Michael, equally, by the year. And they say that the 
 aforesaid inn, garden, shops, and land, with the appur- 
 tenances, are worth, by the year, in all issues, according 
 to the true value of the same, beyond reprises and rent 
 resolute, 100 shillings, and are so let to farm, payable 
 equally at the feasts aforesaid. The said Reginald died 
 28 May last (1370) and Henry de Grey his son and 
 heir, is aged thirty years and more." 
 
 From Reginald the property descended to Sir Henry 
 de Grey of Wilton, knight, who, as is shown by the 
 Inquisition on his death in 19 Richard H., had pre- 
 viously enfeoffed Roger Harecourt and several others 
 in fee of his Manor of Portpole, in Holborn, called 
 
 Gray's Inn. 
 
 HENRY GREY OF WILTON. 
 Chanc. Inq. p. m., 19 Richard II., N" 29. 
 
 " An inquisition taken at Holboume, in the county 
 of Middlesex, on Friday next after the feast of 
 Saint Basil, in the nineteenth year of the reign of 
 King Richard the Second (16 June, 1396) before 
 John Reche, Escheator of the Lord the King, in
 
 GREY FAMILY it 
 
 the same county, by virtue of a certain writ of the said 
 Lord the King, to the same Escheator directed and 
 to this inquisition sewed, by the oath of John 
 Bygonet (and others) who say, upon their oath, that 
 Henry Greye of Wilton, Knight, in the writ named, 
 held no lands or tenements in the said county, on 
 the day on which he died, which are holden of the 
 Lord the King, or of any other, because they say that 
 the said Henry, by his deed, enfeoffed Roger Harecourt, 
 William Danbury, John de Eroughton the younger, 
 John Boner, Rector of the church of Shirlonde, Henry 
 Babynton, and others, whose names to the jurors afore- 
 said are unknown, of his manor of Portpole, in Holburne, 
 called Greysyn, together with all the other lands and 
 tenements which he had in the said county of Middlesex, 
 to hold to them and their heirs for ever ; by virtue of 
 which feoffment, the aforesaid Roger, John and others 
 were seised of the manor, lands, and tenements afore- 
 said, before the death of the said Henry, and at the 
 time of his death, and still are. And they say that the 
 said manor, together with the lands and tenements 
 aforesaid, are holden of the Dean and Chapter of 
 the church of St. Paul, London, by what services 
 they know not. And they say, that the aforesaid 
 manor, lands, and tenements, are worth, by the year, 
 in all issues beyond reprises, according to the true 
 value of the same, loo shillings. And they say, that 
 the aforesaid Henry died on Saturday next after the 
 feast of St. Alphege last past [22 April, 1396] and that 
 one Richard Greye is son and next heir of the same.
 
 12 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Henry, and was of the age of three years on Wednesday 
 [27 Oct. 1395] next before the feast of All Saints last 
 past." 
 
 This Henry left a son and heir Richard, who by Deed, 
 dated 13th July, 1415, and enrolled in Chancery, con- 
 firmed the feoffment made by his father, as will be seen 
 by the following (translated) entry in the Close Roll, 
 3 Henry V., m. 19, dor so: — 
 
 " To all the faithful in Christ to whom the present 
 writing shall come, Richard Lord de Grey of Wilton 
 Greeting in the Lord. Whereas Henry de Grey 
 our Father formerly enfeoffed John Boneyr, Clerk, 
 and Robert Alfreton, together with others now de- 
 ceased, in fee simple without any condition specified in 
 deed or in feoffment, of his manors, lands, and tene- 
 ments underwritten, to wit; of his manors of Sliirlonde 
 and Stratton in the county of Derby. . . . And also 
 of his Manor of Portepole in the county of Middle- 
 sex with all its appurtenances called Greyes In of 
 Wilton. . . . Know ye that we the aforesaid Richard 
 Lord de Grey of Wilton have remised released and 
 wholly for us and our heirs have for ever quit claimed 
 to the aforesaid John Boneyr and Robert Alfreton 
 being at the date of these presents in their full and 
 peaceable possession of all and singular the aforesaid 
 manors, lands, tenements, rents and services etc. all 
 right and claim etc. And we the aforesaid Richard etc. 
 will warrant all and singular the manors etc abovesaid etc. 
 ... to the aforesaid John Boneyr and Robert Alfreton 
 their heirs and assigns for ever. In witness etcT
 
 GREY FAMILY 13 
 
 The Manor of Portpool or Gray's Inn continued in 
 the possession of the Grey family till the 21st year of 
 Henry VII. (1505) when Edmund Lord Grey of Wilton, 
 son of John,*' son of Reginald, son of Richard, who died 
 13 Aug. 1442 {Inq. to Hen. VI. No 23) conveyed by bargain 
 and sale, recovery and fine, the said manor and his advow- 
 son of the chantry of Portepole, and all his possessions 
 in the parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, to Hugh Denys 
 and ]\Iary his wife, and other feoffees, namely, Edmund 
 Dudley, Godfrey Toppes, Edward Chamberleyne, John 
 Erneley, Thomas Pygott, Richard Broke and Michael 
 Fyssher, some of whom were members of Gray's Inn 
 and eminent lawyers. In the Siaie Papers, Heti. VIII., 
 the name of Hugh Denys frequently appears as hold- 
 ing offices under the Crown. He received grants of 
 "corrody" or allowance in the King's gift, in the 
 priory of Tywardreth, Cornwall, and in the monastery 
 of St. Edmunds Bury ; and was also keeper of the 
 Manor and Park of Wanstede, ganger of the port of 
 Bristol, and " verger before the King." He died 30th 
 December, 15 1 1. {Privy Seals, 4 Feb. 4 Hen. VIII.) 
 
 In the 7th Henry VIII. (15 16) the survivors of the 
 feoffees mentioned above obtained the King's licence 
 to alienate to the Prior and Convent of Shene " the 
 
 * Dugdalc {Baroiiage, i. 715) leaves the year of his decease 
 blank, but gives "2 Alartii." Now, by an Inquisition taken at 
 Wendover, Bucks, 29 January, 1504-5, before Thomas Grove, 
 Escheator for the counties of Bedford and Buckingham, John lord 
 Grey of Willon is found to have died 3 April, 14 Hen. VII. (1499) 
 Edmund Grey being his son and heir, and then (date of Inquisi- 
 tion) aged thirty years. {Esch. Inq. 18—24 I^^^- VII.)
 
 14 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Manor of Portepole, with the appurtenances, in the 
 County of Middlesex, and four Messuages, four Gardens 
 one Toft, eight acres of Land, and los. Rent, with the 
 appurtenances in the parish of St. Andrew the Apostle, 
 in Holborn, without the Bars of the Old Temple, 
 London, and the advowson of the Chantry to the same 
 Manor belonging, in the county of Middlesex, which 
 of us are holden as an escheat for that Robert Chigwell, 
 of whom the Manor aforesaid and other the premises 
 were holden, died without heir, by service, fealty, and 
 the rent of one red rose." {Pat. R. 7 Hen. VIII., 
 pi. 3, m. 30.) 
 
 The connection of the Chigwell family with this 
 property is involved in much obscurity, no satisfactory 
 information having resulted from protracted search. 
 The name occurs frequently in records during the reigns 
 of Edw. L and Edw. IL Parton, in his Accouni (before 
 quoted) p. 85, mentions " a rent of 6s., arising from a 
 tenement and appurtenances situate within the Bars of 
 Holburne, between the tenement of Richard de Chig- 
 well without the same Bars west, . . . granted by 
 Richard de Chigwell 25 Edw. I." Again, in Malcolm's 
 Londinium Redivivum, iii. 21, there is an extract from 
 one of the ancient registers of St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 relating to the rental of the prebend of Holborn about 
 1322, in which the tenement of " Robert de Chykwell," 
 near the gate of the Bars, is also mentioned. And in 
 the list of prebendaries of St. Paul's Cathedral given by 
 Dugdale, the name of Robert de Chigwell occurs as 
 prebendary of Reculverland in 1336.
 
 CHIGWELL FAMILY 15 
 
 At the Assizes holden at Chichester on the morrow 
 of the Nativity of S. John Baptist, 7 Edw. I. (25 June 
 1279) Roger le Bigod, Earl of Norfolk and Marshal of 
 England, by Robert de Chiggewell his attorney, claimed 
 certain liberties in his manor of Bosham in Sussex ; 
 which claim was allowed by the justices. Richard de 
 Chigewelle, Citizen of London, gave in 1298 to the 
 Dean and Chapter of Saint Paul twenty-five shops in 
 the parish of S. Andrew, Holeburne, extending from 
 the corner of Purthepol southward up to his own tene- 
 ment, and eleven other shops in the same parish from 
 the king's highway westward : To hold for ever, paying 
 yearly four shillings pelvihiis Sancti Pauli with other 
 sums to other places, among which %s. to the church 
 of S. Andrew. Witnesses ; the mayor (Sir Henry Ic 
 Galeys) and sheriffs * of London with others. f Reilph 
 de Baudac, Dean of S. Paul, and the Chapter appointed 
 two attorneys to receive in their name seisin of the 
 tenements, whereof they had been enfeoffed by Richard 
 de Chigewelle. Dated sixth of the Ides of May (10 
 May) 1298.1 Robert, son and heir of Richard, con- 
 firmed by deed his father's gift.f Whether or not this 
 was the Robert Chigwell by whose death without issue 
 his lands escheated to the Crown remains an open 
 question ; and mainly because the Escheators' Accounts 
 for Middlesex in the reign of Hen. VH. are very 
 defective. So far as these exist, they fail to record the 
 
 * John de Banquelle (elsewhere Bankewelle) and John de Storte- 
 forde, sheriirs. These names diflcr totally from those given for the 
 same year (I2ij8) in Onidge's (B. B.) Citizens of London, Sec. 212. 
 
 t MSS. in the Library of St. Paul's Cathedral.
 
 lb GRAY'S INN 
 
 receipt of any old rent for tenements in Portpole ; and 
 thus one chance is lost of obtaining a clue to the period 
 of Robert Chigwell before mentioned (p. 14.) 
 
 In 1 3 10 (not 1 30 1, as by the Appendix of Ninth Re- 
 port of the Historical Reports Commission) Robert de 
 Chiggewell and John le Luter, being neighbours in the 
 parish of S. John Zachary, had a dispute concerning a 
 cess-pit near their houses.* Hamon de Chikewell wit- 
 nessed in 1 3 14, as sheriff of the City of London, a deed 
 by the Chapter of S. Paul during the mayoralty of John 
 de Gisors* {de Gisorcio). In 13 19 he held the ofiice of 
 mayor ; and subsequently the mayoralty, being then in 
 the king's hand, was granted, 29 Nov. 1323, during 
 pleasure to the same Hamon {Pat. R. 17 Edw. II. in. 
 10.) Robert de Chikewell had custody in 1339 of two 
 manors in Ireland, lately of Ralph, Count of Eu ; John 
 dc Derby clerk and John de Chickwcll of London had 
 licence in 1355 to acquire the advowson of Hemstead, 
 near Ingham in Norfolk, and they afterwards (in 1357) 
 conveyed the same advowson to John 'M.di\xxv%&\{Originalia, 
 temp. Edw. III.). 
 
 It appears in certain extracts from the accounts of 
 the Stewards of Gray's Inn {Had. MS. 1912) for the 
 years 15 18, 1520, and 1524, that the Society of Gray's 
 Inn paid a rent of /^6 : 13J. \d., to the monastery of 
 Shene. In these years the Steward accounts thus : — 
 " Paid ye Prior of Sheene for halfe a yeare's rent due 
 for Graye's Inne, three pounds six shillings and eight 
 
 * MSS. in the Library of St. Paul's Cathedral.
 
 SHENE PRIORY 17 
 
 pence;" and in 1535 the aforesaid rent was duly set 
 out among the temporalities of Shene, held in the 
 county of Middlesex ( Valo>' Eccl. ii. 53). 
 
 On the dissolution of monasteries, the Priory of Shene 
 and its possessions came to the Crown. The Minister's 
 Accounts for Surrey, 31 Hen. VIII. (1539-40) contain 
 the following (translated) : — 
 
 " Lands and Possessions late pertaining to the Priory 
 
 of Sheene. 
 
 " The Account of Francis Shakerley collector of rents 
 there, from the feast of St. Michael the Archangel, in 
 the 31st year of the reign of King Henry the Eighth, 
 unto the same feast of St. Michael the Archangel then 
 next ensuing, in the 32nd year of the said King, to wit, 
 for one whole year. 
 
 " Grees Innc in Middlesex. 
 
 " And for six pounds thirteen shillings and four 
 pence for a Pension there." 
 
 Further, Thomas Hillary, the King's Collector, ac- 
 counts from Michaelmas, 1547, to INIichaelmas, 1548 
 {Mi?iislif''s Accounts, 1-2 Edw. VI., Roll 32, ?n. 48), for 
 £b : I y. ^d. for a pension (lately paid to Shene Priory) 
 received from the Masters of Grayes Innc paid at 
 Michaelmas only {pro quadampencione recepia de magistris 
 de Grayes Inne solvenda ad festiwi sancti MichacUs arch- 
 angcli tantuni per annum). 
 
 Dugdale, who must have consulted records not now 
 in existence, states that this Manor or Inn was granted 
 by the King to the Society in fee farm, "as it seems, 
 
 D. C
 
 1 8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 for by the account of the Treasurer of this Society, 
 made i8 Nov. 32 Hen. VIII. , it is evident that the said 
 Rent of ^6 : 13^. ^d., was paid to the King's use for the 
 same, for one whole year ended at the feast of Annun- 
 ciation of our Lady then past, and so hath been ever 
 since, as may appear by the accounts of the succeeding 
 Treasurers of this house" {Orig. Jurid. 272.) 
 
 In the year 165 1, an arrangement was made with the 
 Commissioners of the Commonwealth, by which the 
 Pension or annual payment of £(i:\is. ^d., due to 
 the Society in respect of part of the possessions of the 
 Prior and Convent of St. Bartholomew, and payable 
 towards the maintenance of a Chaplain, was relinquished 
 by purchase of the house or fee farm rent. At the 
 Restoration this arrangement was repudiated, and rent 
 again paid to the Crown, which subsequently sold it to 
 Sir Philip Matthews, in whose co-heirs it vested. The 
 Society continued to pay the fee farm rent of ^6 : i ^s. ^d. 
 until the year 1733, when they purchased it from the 
 parties deriving title from the co-heirs of Sir Philip 
 iNIatthews. 
 
 From the year 1547 ('^t least) the Society has enjoyed 
 continuous and undisturbed possession of the whole 
 property; paying the fee farm rent of/"6 : 135-. A^d. to the 
 Crown until the time of the Commonwealth, to Com- 
 missioners during the Interregnum, and to the Crown 
 again from the Restoration until the purchase in 1733, 
 since which time it has held, and now holds, the pro- 
 perty free from any rent or other payment.
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 (^va^'0 Mn as! an Mn of (EonxU 
 
 HOUGH the exact date, at which Gray's Inn 
 became solely and permanently the residence 
 of Members of the profession of the Law, is 
 not positively ascertained, evidence exists to show that 
 Gray's Inn was an Inn of Court early in the fourteenth 
 centur)', as may be seen by the following extract from 
 Har/. MS. (1094, f. 75):— 
 
 Vincent's Visitaimi of Northamptonshire. 
 Thomas Andrewe of Carliel = Magdalena filia et hseres 
 
 lived 1286. 
 
 Ralphe Andrew 2 Sonn = 
 Was of Grayes Inne in 
 Com. Midd. a bencher anno 
 1311. 
 
 W» Tokett filij et hseredis 
 Rogeri Tokett militis. 
 
 Mary d : & h : of Will'm 
 Thompson Lord of the 
 Mannor of Kempton. 
 
 Respecting the circumstances of the family of Andrewe 
 of Carlisle, Bridges {^History of Northamptoji, i. 38) gives 
 the same pedigree, and adds that " Thomas Andrewe, 
 in 1286, had there a considerable estate." The Inquisi- 
 tion, taken in 1370, records that Reginald de Grey of 
 Wilton died seised of "a certain Inn in Portepole, near 
 Holbourn," which Inn {Hospitiu7n) was then demised to 
 
 c 2
 
 20 GRAY'S INN 
 
 farm at the yearly rent of loo shillings. A manuscript 
 in Herald's College {Vincent, 190) states : 
 
 "Grayes Inne was some tyme tbe Inne or lodginge of the 
 auncyent and noble barons the lord Grayes from whom it tooke 
 the name . . . And estate of this house was taken in the Reigne 
 of Kinge E[dward] the 3 tyme by the gentilmen and professors of 
 the Comon lawe as Mr. St. Lowe Kniveton a learned gentilman 
 and a Rare antiquarye and fellowe of this Colledge afirmeth out of 
 his own serche and Readinges of Antiquityes conceminge this 
 house." 
 
 In Gough's edition of Camden's Britannia (i. 20) 
 Mr. St. Loe Kniveton is described as 
 
 " A Derbyshire gentleman, and a good antiquary, to whose 
 studious diligence Camden acknowledges himself much indebted." 
 
 Saint Low or " Syllow" Kniveton of Mercaston, co. 
 Derby, was admitted to Gray's Inn, 29 May, 1584. 
 
 The fact of Gray's Inn being an Inn of Court before 
 1370, is further confirmed by the Harl. MS. (1912) 
 which contains a list of Readers of Grav's Inn, with 
 their armorial bearings depicted. The dates, at which 
 the first fourteen of these filled that oflice, are not 
 given. The first named in the list is William de 
 Skipwith, Justice of the Common Pleas in 1359 ; the 
 second, John Markham, Justice of the Common Pleas 
 in 1396; the third, William Gascoigne, Chief Justice 
 of the King's Bench in 1400. The remaining Readers 
 were elevated to the Bench between 1403 and 1483. 
 Of these, Sir Thomas Billinge, Chief Justice of the 
 King's Bench in 1464, in a letter of William Paston, 
 dated July, 1454, is quoted as saying to one Ledam: —
 
 AS AN INN OF COURT 2t 
 
 "I wylde syt schull do wyll, be cause ye ar a felaw 
 in Gray's In, wer I was a felaw" {Paston Letters (ed. 
 Gairdner) i. 297). 
 
 Up to recent times it was the custom of this Society 
 (and of the three other Inns) when any member at- 
 tained the dignity of the Coif — in other words, became 
 a Serjeant-at-law — to give a breakfast, at which the new 
 Serjeant, before his absolute retirement, delivered a 
 final address to the Society which he was then about to 
 quit. Amongst the Velvertoti MSS., now in the pos- 
 session of Lord Calthorpe, who kindly permitted a 
 copy to be taken for the Society, is the farewell address 
 of Christopher Yelverton (afterwards (1603) knighted) 
 in Michaelmas Term, 1589, on his being made a 
 Serjeant, wherein he speaks of his ancestors being of 
 the House " 200 years ago at the least." 
 
 The following is his address : — " I cannot (gentle- 
 men) take my leave of you without some griefe, because 
 I have lived so long amongst you with so great likeing, 
 for as the tree that is deeply rooted is not soone trans- 
 planted, so the course that hath beene long settled is 
 not easily altered. . . .* W(?ll, I fcare I have holden 
 
 * A portion is here omitted, although the whole address merits 
 preservation. The words used in the "Introduction" to this 
 "Address" at length, which was privately printed in 1882 by the 
 Society, are emphatically true. They speak of it as "admirable 
 alike in the high moral tone ; in the grateful remembrance, grace- 
 fully expressed, of the advantages acquired and of the pleasures 
 derived by the speaker during his membership ; and in the fine 
 esprit de corps displayed throughout."
 
 22 GRAY'S INN 
 
 you too long with this unnecessary and needlesse dis- 
 course, but common order urgeth me to saye some 
 what, and mine owne private affection (because it is the 
 last speach I shall use unto you, as being one of you, 
 and loathe so soon to leave you, and most willing the 
 best that I male to advise you) would move me to saye 
 much more. For I doe acknowledge myself deeplie 
 and infinitely indebted unto this house for the singuler 
 and exceeding favours that I and mine ancestors have 
 receaved in it, and for the great preferments that we 
 have attained to by it, for two hundred years agoe at the 
 least have some of them lived here, and from hence have 
 risen to serve in honorable roome, and since that time 
 there was scant any age wherein some of us have not 
 beene of this societie, and thereby growne to best place 
 heere and to good calling in the commonwealth. There 
 is no vice that I hold more inhumane than Ingratitude, 
 for it is odious both with God and man, and though 
 there is in us naturally a more perfect remembrance of 
 the injuries wherewith we be vexed than of the bene- 
 fittes wherewith we be blessed (as wronges for the most 
 parte be written in adamant, and good turnes be drawne 
 but in sand) yet I do assure you, if ever I had beene 
 grieved wdth the one, as I was not, yet would I never 
 forget the other, because I ought not. For there is 
 nothing soe much to be misliked in this life as a man 
 defiled with these two staines, unthankfulness and un- 
 faithfulness, and he that attainteth a man of these two 
 injuries hath condemned him as much as if he had
 
 AS AN INN OF COURT 23 
 
 charged him with all the vexations and sclaunders of 
 the world ; and therefore if ever my credit can aspire 
 to accomplish any service acceptable to this House, 
 if I doe not to the uttermost that I may advance the 
 honor of it, let me for the former curtesies that I have 
 receaved be reputed to be unthankfull, and for the not 
 performance of the dutie that I owe, be protested to be 
 unfaithfull." 
 
 The Harl. MS. (19 12) contains a table showing the 
 number of gentlemen admitted into the Society in each 
 year from 1521 to 1674; a list of the names of such 
 nobility, spiritual and temporal, as have been admitted 
 of the Society ; a general collection of the several Calls 
 of Ancients from 15 14 to 1674; an alphabetical list of 
 the Benchers and Treasurers, with other matter ; the 
 whole bearing intrinsic evidence of having been directly 
 drawn from authentic sources. 
 
 The compiler of this manuscript was Simon Segar, 
 grandson of Sir William Segar, Garter King-of-Arms ; 
 of which Segar family several were members of Gray's 
 Inn. Simon Segar was admitted in the year 1656 ; and' 
 on the 14th of June, 1667, appointed "Collector of all 
 the dutys of the House, except Commons due to the 
 Steward." In 1670, he was made third Butler, and in 
 1674, second Butler and Library Keeper. Subsequently 
 (167s) several sums of money were paid to him for 
 " setting up of the Readers' coates of armcs in the 
 Library." None of these shields are now to be found, 
 but the arms drawn and coloured in his manuscript are,
 
 24 GRAY'S INN 
 
 doubtless, duplicates of them, and as such most valu- 
 able, because in some cases absent from the heraldic 
 dictionaries of Burke and others, and in many showing 
 important variations of charge or tincture. 
 
 The early records of the Society do not seem to have 
 been preserved with that care which their importance 
 demanded. One volume, not now to be found, existing 
 in Dugdale's time, and largely quoted by him {Orig. 
 Jurid.) was also used by Segar, as already related. By 
 the Catalogi Lihrorum Maniiscriptorujii AftglicB et Hi- 
 bernicE, published in 1697, it appears that Francis 
 Bernard, M.D., had amongst his collection of manu- 
 scripts a folio volume entitled. Ancient Orders of Gray's 
 Inn, and containing also the Statutes of the University 
 of Cambridge and of Christ's College there; hence 
 shown to be a totally distinct work. This afterwards 
 belonged to Charles Bernard, Esq., Serjeant Surgeon 
 to Queen Anne, and was sold at the sale of his library, 
 March, 1710.* Dr. Bernard, who had been Chief 
 Physician to King James II., is said to have acquired 
 the best private collection of scarce and curious books 
 that had been seen in England : he was certainly a good 
 judge of their value. They appear to have been sold 
 by auction in 1698 (the date of the catalogue) and to 
 have realised the nett sum of /'i, 600. (Nichols' Literary 
 Anecdotes, iv. 104.) 
 
 * A copy of the Catalogue of the Sale is in Dr. "Williams's 
 Library, Grafton Street, London.
 
 AS AN INN OF COURT 25 
 
 Before Segar's volume passed into the Harleian collec- 
 tion it appears to have belonged to Humfrey Wanley, 
 Lord Oxford's librarian, w^ho describes it in the Har- 
 leian catalogue as " a paper-book in folio bought of 
 me." Wanley was in the habit of purchasing manu- 
 scripts on his own account, though giving always the 
 preference to Lord Harley in any transaction. He may 
 well, therefore, have bought this volume, as he was 
 always on the look-out for books or manuscripts to be 
 obtained from any quarter. Numerous instances of his 
 zeal might be taken from his Diary {Lansdoivne MSS. 
 771, 772.) For example, when projecting a visit to Sir 
 George Wheler, one of the Prebendaries of Durham, he 
 writes " I hope, God willing, to go down, because I 
 understand that they [meaning the Dean and Chapter] 
 have Books, Charters and other things there which will 
 be more useful to the world in my Lord's Library than 
 in that remote corner of the kingdom." To Wanley's 
 indefatigable labours as an antiquary the Society, no 
 less than the public, are greatly indebted for the pre- 
 servation of a manuscript which records the name and 
 memory of many members whose existence would other- 
 wise be unknown. A conjecture may be ventured as to 
 the acquisition of the manuscript by Wanley. Simon 
 Scgar (the compiler) made his will, dated 9 January, 
 which was duly proved 17 January, 1683-4, by his 
 widow and sole executrix, hi it no specific mention 
 is made of any manuscript collections. It may fairly 
 be inferred that the eldest son, Simon, would have 
 a claim on such property left by his father, and this
 
 26 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Simon the younger was on intimate terms with Wanley; 
 and not only so, but solicitous at one time of gaining 
 Wanley's interest towards obtaining for him the office 
 of Lancaster Herald, then vacant by the death of an 
 officer of Heralds' College. It is not, therefore, im- 
 probable that somewhere about this time he may have 
 even given the volume to Wanley, or the latter may 
 have paid some trifling sum to the owner. At all events, 
 the manuscript could not have been the property of the 
 Society ; for Mr. Booth, one of the benchers of Gray's 
 Inn, was not only ignorant of its existence, but, having 
 discovered it, went in person to examine and utilize its 
 contents, as shown by the following extracts from 
 " Wanley's Diary" {Lansd. MS. 772) :— 
 
 A.D. 1725. 
 
 April 6. — "A letter to Mr. Boothe of Greys Inne, in 
 answer to his Queers about Mr. Saint-Loe Knyveton an 
 Antiquary, who died a.d. 1628." 
 
 April 7. — " Mr. Boothe came late to see the MS. 
 94. C. 15. relating to Grayes Inne, which I mentioned 
 to him in my Letter of yesterday ; and which, he says, 
 will be of great use to him." 
 
 May I. — "Mr. Booth came, & perused the MS. 94. 
 C. 15 [now 19 12]." 
 
 A.D. 1726. 
 
 May 23. — "Mr. Booth came, & desired that one of 
 his clerks may look into my Lords MS. relating to 
 Grayes Inne."
 
 AS AN INN OF COURT 27 
 
 Mr. Foss has endeavoured to throw discredit on the 
 existence of Gray's Inn as an Inn of Court before the 
 reign of Henry VII. or Henry VIII. (he is rather vague 
 as to which king), although he admits {Judges of Eng- 
 land, iii. 382) that "the evidence of Fortescue may be 
 taken as demonstrative of Gray's Inn having been occu- 
 pied by students of the law, certainly as early as the 
 reign of Henry VI., and probably before." The passage 
 before quoted (p. 22) from Yelverton's address, delivered 
 in 1589 to those who were then well acquainted with 
 the history of this Inn, and moreover possessed records 
 now unhappily lost, is strongly confirmatory of its an- 
 tiquity ; for his "two hundred years ago at the least" 
 would go back to the reign of Richard the Second. 
 
 In 4 Henry V. (141 6) mention is made of the house 
 of the Treasurer of England in Gray's Inn: — "loM 
 August. To Sir John Rothenale, knight, keeper of the 
 King's wardrobe. In money paid to him, arising from 
 the fifteenths and tenths, viz., by the hands of John 
 Fcriby, receiving the money from a certain attorney of 
 the Lord de Talbot, dwelling in Grayes Inn, at the 
 house of the Treasurer of England, for the expenses of 
 the household of the Emperor whilst at Eltham. By writ, 
 &c. — ^/^20o" (T)e.won's Issues of the Exchequer, 348.) 
 
 It may be concluded, upon the evidence afforded by 
 the above records, that, although the precise date of the 
 formation of the Society of Gray's Inn cannot be ascer- 
 tained, there is no reason for supposing it to be of less 
 antiquity than any other Inn of Court. As a recent
 
 28 GRAY'S INN 
 
 writer has remarked, " the four Inns of Court stand 
 upon a footing of equality. No precedence, priority, or 
 superior antiquity is conceded to, or claimed by, one 
 Inn beyond another — nihil priiis aut posterius, nihil 
 majus aut minus. They form together one university. 
 The zeal of individual members has sometimes ascribed 
 to one Inn eminence or antiquity above its sister-inns ; 
 but they are now what they were when Shirley dedicated 
 to them his masque, The Triumph of Peace — 'the four 
 equal and honourable Societies of the Inns of Court'" 
 (Pearce's Iniis of Court, 6i). 
 
 The general daily life in the Inns of Court in olden 
 time is described by Fortescue {De Laudibus Legum 
 Anglice, chap. 49) as of a varied and attractive character. 
 He says, " There is both in the Inns of Court and the 
 Inns of Chancery a sort of an academy or gymnasium 
 fit for persons of their station ; where they learn sing- 
 ing, and all kinds of music, dancing and such other 
 accomplishments and diversions, which are called revels, 
 as are suitable to their quality, and such as are usually 
 practised at Court. At other times, out of term, the 
 greater part apply themselves to the study of the law. 
 Upon festival days, and after the offices of the Church 
 are over, they employ themselves in the study of sacred 
 and profane history ; here everything which is good 
 and virtuous is to be learned, all vice is discouraged 
 and banished. So that knights, barons, and the greatest 
 nobility of the kingdom, often place their children in 
 those Inns of Court ; not so much to make the laws
 
 AS AN INN OF COURT 29 
 
 their study, much less to live by the profession, having 
 large patrimonies of their own, but to form their 
 manners and to preserve them from the contagion 
 of vice. The discipline is so excellent, that there is 
 scarce ever known to be any piques or differences, any 
 bickerings or disturbances amongst them. The only 
 way they have of punishing delinquents is by expelling 
 them the society ; which punishment they dread more 
 than criminals do imprisonment and irons ; for he who 
 is expelled out of one society is never taken in by any 
 of the other. Whence it happens, that there is a con- 
 stant harmony amongst them, the greatest friendship, 
 and a general freedom of conversation. The manner 
 and method how the laws are studied in those places, is 
 pleasant, and excellently well adapted for proficiency. . . 
 Neither at Orleans, where both the Canon and Civil 
 Laws are professed and studied, and whither students 
 resort from all parts ; neither at Anglers, Caen, nor any 
 other University in France, Paris excepted, are there so 
 many students who have past their minority as in our 
 Inns of Court, where the natives only are admitted."
 
 30 GRAY'S INN 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 ^mimt ©onsititutiott— laeaKings;— 
 iHoots!— Ancient ©rtrer^* 
 
 RIGINALLY the Members of the Society of 
 Gray's Inn were classified as follows : — 
 Students, Inner Barristers, Utter Barristers, 
 Ancients, Readers, and Benchers. Our earliest infor- 
 mation concerning these degrees, or some of them, is 
 contained in the return to a Commission (printed in 
 Waterhouse's Com?nenfary upon Fortescue's De Laudibus 
 Legum Anglise, 544) issued by Henry VIIL, to inquire 
 into the form and order of study practised in the " Houses 
 of Court," which return describes the mode of study 
 and the course of living at the Inns of Court with 
 considerable minuteness. The Commissioners, Thomas 
 Denton, Nicholas Bacon, and Robert Carey, state : 
 " First it is to be considered, that none of the four 
 Houses of Courts have any Corporation, whereby they 
 are enabled to purchase, receive, or take Lands or 
 Tenements or any other revenue, nor have anything 
 towards the maintenance of the House, saving that 
 every one that is admitted Fellow, after that he is called
 
 ANCIENT CONSTITUTION 31 
 
 to the Masters Commons, payeth yearly 3 shillings 
 4 pence, which they call the Pension money, and in 
 some Houses every man for his admittance payeth 20 
 pence, and also besides that yearly for his Chamber 
 3 shillings 4 pence, all which money is the onely thing 
 they have towards the reparations and rent of their 
 House and the wages of their Officers. The whole 
 company and fellowship of Learners, is divided and 
 sorted into three parts and degrees ; that is to say, 
 into Benchers, or, as they call them in some of the 
 houses. Readers, Utter-Barresters, and Inner-Barresters. 
 Benchers, or Readers, are called such as beforetime 
 have openly read ; and to them is chiefly committed 
 the government and ordering of the house, as to men 
 meetest, both for their age, discretion and wisdomes ; 
 and of these is one yearly chosen, which is called the 
 Treasurer, or in some House, Pensioner, who receiveth 
 yearly the said Pension money, and therewith dischargeth 
 such charges as above written, and of the receipt and. 
 payment of the same is yearly accountable. 
 
 " Utter-Barresters are such, that for their learning and 
 continuance, are called by the said Readers to plead 
 and argue in the said House, doubtful Cases and Ques- 
 tions, which amongst them are called Moles, at certain 
 times propounded, and brought in before the said 
 Benchers, as Readers, and are called Utter-Barresters, 
 for that they, when they argue the said Motes, sit 
 uttermost on \.\\c formes, which they call the Barr, and 
 this tlegrce is the chiefest degree for learners in the
 
 32 GRA^Y'S INN 
 
 House next the Benchers ; for of these be chosen and 
 made the Readers of all the Inns of Chancery, and also 
 of the most ancient of these is one elected yearly to 
 read amongst them, who after his reading, is called a 
 Bencher, or Reader. 
 
 " All the residue of learners are called Inner-Bar- 
 resters, which are the youngest men, that for lack of 
 learning, and continuance, are not able to argue and 
 reason in these Motes, nevertheless whensoever any of 
 the said Motes be brought in before any of the said 
 Benchers, then two of the said Inner-Barresters sitting 
 on the '&^\^ forme with the Utter-Barresters, doe for their 
 exercises recite by heart the pleading of the same Mote- 
 Case, in Laiv-French, which pleading is the declaration 
 at large of the said Mote-Case, the one of them taking 
 the part of the plaintiff, and the other the part of the 
 defendant." 
 
 " Every quarter, once or more if need shall require, 
 the Readers and Benchers cause one of the Officers 
 to summon the whole Company openly in the Hall at 
 dinner, that such a night the Pension, or as some 
 Houses call it the Parliament, shall be holden, which 
 Pension, or Parliament in some Houses, is nothing else 
 but a conference and assembly of their Benchers, and 
 Utter-Barresters onely, and in some other of the houses, 
 it is an assembly of Benchers, and such of the Utter- 
 Barresters and other ancient and wise men of the 
 House, as the Benchers have elected to them before 
 time, and these together are named the Sage Company,
 
 ANCIENT CONSTITUTION 33 
 
 and meet in a place therefore appointed, and there 
 treate of such matters as shall seem expedient for the 
 good ordering of the House, and the reformation of 
 such things as seeme meet to be reformed. In these 
 are the Readers both for the Lent and the Summer 
 Vacation chosen ; and also if the Treasurer of the 
 House leave off his Office, in this is a new chosen. 
 And alwayes at the Parliament holden after Michaelmas, 
 two Auditors appointed there, to hear, and take the 
 Accounts for the year of the Treasurer, and in some 
 House, he accounts before the whole Company at the 
 Pension, and out of these Pensions all misdemeanours 
 and offences done by any Fellow of the House, are 
 reformed and ordered according to the discretion of 
 certain of the most ancient of the House, which are in 
 Commons at the time of the offence done." 
 
 This return does not specifically mention the Ancients. 
 From various entries in the records of the Society, 
 the Ancients, or, as they were more frequently called, 
 "The Grand Company of Ancients," consisted of three 
 classes, viz.. Barristers called by seniority to that degree ; 
 sons of Judges who by right of inheritance were admitted 
 Ancients ; and persons of distinction, who, to use the 
 words of Fortescue, were placed in the Inns of Court, 
 " not so much to make the Laws their study, much 
 less to live by the profession, having large patrimonies 
 of their own. but to form their manners, and to preserve 
 them from the contagion of vice." By an Order dated 
 July, 3 & 4 Philip and Mary (1557) it was ordered, 
 
 D. D
 
 34 GRAY'S INN 
 
 " that every Fellow elected to be one of the Ancients 
 should thenceforth, for the whole time of every the 
 nine Vacations next ensuing their said election, be at- 
 tendant as well upon the Reader for his Autumnal and 
 Lent Vacations as upon the Marshall chosen at the Feast 
 of our Lord, upon the penalty of forty shillings for every 
 one making default" {Oiig. Jurid. 274.) Sons of Judges 
 and persons of distinction were allowed to be of the 
 Grand Company without any charge of vacations. By an 
 Order of the 5th February, 35 Elizabeth, it was "ordered, 
 that at the Cross Table in the Hall, being a Table only for 
 the Ancients, which could not conveniently have place 
 at the Upper Table, no other should sit or take place " 
 {lb. 278.) And in the 6th of James L it was ordered, 
 that the two Ancients who are next eligible to be 
 Readers shall be assistants to the Reader, and those 
 assistants shall sit at the Reader's Table, but not have 
 voice in Pension. On the point of seniority entitling 
 to the degree of Ancient, the dictum of Serjeant Tal- 
 fourd in Haywan^s Case, 68, may be adduced — " I 
 apprehend the course is this : after a certain number of 
 years spent in the Inn, the Barristers by mere seniority 
 become what are called Ancients." 
 
 The last call of Ancients was made in 17 16, when 
 it was ordered, " That whereas this Society has thought 
 fit not to call any of y*" Barristers to y° Ancients' Table, 
 hereafter the Barristers according to their seniority shall 
 have their seats in the Pews where the Ancients former 
 satt."
 
 ANCIENT CONSTITUTION 35 
 
 The apprenticii^ or scholars, were divided into three 
 distinct classes. To begin with the junior class. This 
 embraced the students or noviciates, who, not being 
 competent to give instruction, were content to receive 
 it. The next, or second class, were those who con- 
 ducted the educational exercises prescribed. The 
 third, or senior class, were the apprejiticii ad legem, who, 
 from their standing and acquirements, were allowed by 
 the Judges to practise as advocates. 
 
 There were two sorts of barristers, the Junior and the 
 senior. The Juniors were barristers of the society — 
 mere academics. The seniors, on the other hand, were 
 barristers at law, allowed by the Courts to practise as 
 advocates ; and corresponded precisely with the ancient 
 apprenticil ad legem. 
 
 The word barrister was not derived from the bar of a 
 Court of Justice, but from the bar, or rostrum, at which 
 exercises were performed in the hall of the society. 
 
 In ancient times — that is, down to the seventeenth 
 century — the call to the bar was not by the Governors or 
 Benchers, but by the Reader of the Inn ; who examined 
 the candidates, and advanced or kept them back accord- 
 ing to their deserts. The Judges in general paid regard 
 to the certificate implied in the call ; because the call was 
 not a matter of course, but involved investigation. The 
 preparation required to qualify for the bar was in the 
 
 * These particulars are mainly derived from Mr. J. F. Macqueen's 
 Lecture on the Early History, ^c. of the Inns of Court and Chancery, 
 1851. 
 
 D 2
 
 36 GRAY'S INN 
 
 days of our forefathers more protracted than at present. 
 The young student who had left the University of 
 Oxford or Cambridge, was first entered of an Inn of 
 Chancery, where he worked for two years in getting up 
 what was considered the rudimental parts of the law. 
 He then ascended to an Inn of Court, and there his 
 first endeavour was to cultivate the art of lolling — 
 a strange name for an intellectual operation — which 
 consisted of conversational arguments upon cases and 
 questions put to him by a bencher and two barristers, 
 sitting as his judges in private. He afterwards — that 
 is, on becoming an expert holler — was admitted to the 
 mootings, or public disputations of the Fellows, and at 
 the end of some four or five years was made a junior 
 barrister. When of eight years' standing on the books 
 of the upper house, he became a senior barrister, and 
 then was opened to him the place of Reader to one 
 of the Inns of Chancery. But he was not suffered to 
 practise in Court till a further term of three years had 
 expired ; in other words, not until he had for eleven 
 years studied the law and conformed to the discipline. 
 Indeed, it was ordered by command of the Judges in the 
 first of Elizabeth, that no barrister should presume to 
 plead in Court until he was of twelve years' standing. 
 
 The position of Reader was one of considerable 
 dignity and importance ; and although he was expected 
 to give great entertainments, which involved a large 
 expenditure that fell entirely upon his own private 
 means, he was generally not unwilling to take the
 
 READINGS 37 
 
 office on account of the prospective advantages gained. 
 He had the power of calling to the bar, and secured 
 a first claim to a vacant judgeship. From the class of 
 Readers were chosen the King's Attorney-General, 
 Solicitor-General and King's Serjeant. Failing these 
 higher grades, he might be made Attorney-General to 
 the Court of Wards and Liveries, or Duchy of Lan- 
 caster. On being appointed to read, he became a 
 nominal member of the Bench, though not duly quali- 
 fied to take part in the proceedings of the governing 
 body until he had finished his Reading. 
 
 Dugdale {Origmes Jurididaks, p. 313) prints from the 
 Register of Gray's Inn, the following " Orders made by 
 the Justices of both Benches, and Barons of the Ex- 
 chequer, for the better regulating of the Readings in 
 all the Inns of Court : " — 
 
 " I. — As TO THE Readings and Mootings. 
 
 " i^ Eliz. — Whereas the Readings in Houses of Court 
 have, time out of mind, continued every Lent 
 and August, till of late that divers Readers have 
 had fewer Readings than by the ancient Orders 
 of the said Houses they ought, to the great 
 hindrance of learning, not only in the Houses of 
 Court, but also in Houses of Chancery, and the 
 exercises of INIoots, very profitable for study, are 
 cut oflf almost the one half or more ; and whereas 
 the excessive and sumptuous charges of such 
 Readings brought in of late, contrary to the
 
 38 GRAY'S INN 
 
 ancient usage, have been the chief occasion of the 
 same, which, if it should be permitted, would be 
 almost an utter overthrow to the learning and 
 study of the Law, and consequently an intoler- 
 able mischief to the Commonwealth of this 
 realm : Therefore, the two Chief Justices, the 
 Chief Baron, and all the residue of the Justices 
 of both Benches, and of the Barons of the Ex- 
 chequer, well perceiving that these late examples 
 are so dangerous that they are no longer to be 
 suffered, have thought it very necessary to order 
 that the charges of the Readings shall not be 
 overburthenous, and that no such Reader shall 
 allow any greater diet in the Hall of every such 
 House, either in wine or meat, than was allowed 
 usually before the first year of the Queen's 
 Majesty's reign that now is ... . 
 
 " 36 Eliz. — It was ordered that none should be called 
 to read in regard to antiquity, or of course ; but 
 only such as were of good sufficiency for their 
 learning, credit, and integrity. 
 
 " 38 Eliz. — It was ordered that the Readers should be 
 chosen for their learning ; for their duly keeping 
 exercises ; for their honest behaviour and good 
 disposition ; and such as, for their experience 
 and practice, be able to serve the Common- 
 wealth.
 
 READINGS 39 
 
 " \z Jac. — It was declared, that the maintaining of the 
 Readings in the Inns of Court and Chancery, in 
 their due execution, is a principal means to breed 
 and increase learning." 
 
 Various orders relating to the duties of Readers are 
 frequently met with in the records of the Society. In 
 158 1, the privilege of admitting any person as a member 
 of Gray's Inn was taken away, and it was ordered, that 
 *' every person that shall be admitted of the Society, 
 shall personally present himself at Pension and require 
 to be admitted." 
 
 In consequence of the great expense (as before men- 
 tioned) attendant upon the office of Reader, it was 
 occasionally declined or evaded. When declined, the 
 Reader, by payment of a fine, was exonerated from his 
 duties, and allowed the privileges of a Bencher as if 
 he had read ; but, to prevent any neglect of duty, or 
 evasion, it was ordered that all those admitted to the 
 Bench, not being past their Readings, should deposit 
 100 marks as a caution, to be repaid when they should 
 have performed their several Readings. A State 
 Paper of Elizabeth, 1577, and a close copy of it 
 among the Lansdowne ]\ISS. in the British Museum 
 give lists of Readers and Barristers of good practice. 
 These lists are here printed. The prefixes P/'t?., Pa. point 
 to the religion of the persons against whose names they 
 are placed — Pro. = Protestant, Pa. == Papist.
 
 40 GRAY'S INN 
 
 [State Papers (Domestic) Eliz. 1577. cxi. 27.] 
 "A viewe of the chyfe Reders double and single and 
 of the chyfe Baresters for the practise in the 
 4° Innes of Courte. 
 
 In Hospitio Gerarde atturney general! Reginae 
 Graiano. Eliz. 
 
 Sackeforde Mr. of the requestes. 
 Single Reders. 
 Pa. Meres of the cownsell at Yorke of 
 
 good lyvynge. 
 Pro. Barton of the cownsell in the 
 marches of Wales of good 
 lyvynge. 
 Double Readers jRz. Ketchin of the cownsell of the 
 
 cytye of London, welthy. 
 Pro. Alcocke of Canterbury in Kente, 
 poore. 
 ^Pro. Rodes of the cownsell of Yorke of 
 greate lyvynge and very lerned. 
 Pro. Colby of grete lyvynge and is a 
 redre double this lente. 
 Single Reders ^Pro. Hunte of an hunderethe marke 
 
 landes, recorder of Cambridge, 
 very lerned. 
 Pa. Kerle of grete lyvynge. 
 Pa. Alington discontynuethe, pore. 
 Pro. Anger very lerned, welthie. 
 Pro. Whiskyns, lerned, pore, of smale 
 fame for practise.
 
 READERS AND BARRISTERS 41 
 
 *Pio. Yelverton of greate gayne, very 
 
 welthie, lerned. 
 *Pro. Snage of greate lyvynge, learned, 
 
 of greate practyse. 
 *Pro. Brogrove very lerned, pore, smaly 
 practised, worthie of greate 
 practise. 
 Baresters of Burnam at Yorke. 
 
 Name for Burkett at Yorke, the Quenes 
 
 ther practise. atturney there. 
 
 Nevyll at Yorke. 
 */V(9. Ion very lerned. 
 Pro. Kempe, lerned. 
 Pa. Escoute. 
 Pa. Stuardc ) 
 Pro. Purfray i '^^ P^^^^isers. 
 
 *Pro. Danyell of grete practise, religious, 
 very welthie. 
 
 Pa. Smythe ) 
 
 „ ^ , ( smaly practised. 
 Pa. Bothe ' 
 
 *Pa. Godfrey well practised, riche. 
 
 *Pro. Suttlcworthe very lerned, we[l]thie 
 well practised. 
 
 Pa. Williams, welthie, smalie lerned, 
 well practised. 
 
 Hactenus Greyes Inne. 
 [Endorsed] The names of certayne lawyers with their 
 qualities, &c. 
 1579- 
 * Distinguished in MS. (for some reason) with a star (*).
 
 42 GRAY'S INN 
 
 A Reading of the "famous and learned" Robert 
 Callis upon the Statute of 23 Henry VIII., cap. 5, Of 
 Sewers, as delivered by him in Gray's Inn in 1622, may 
 be mentioned here. The preface tells us that Callis 
 had attained to great knowledge in the laws of this 
 Realm, " which were his profession," — and being for 
 many years a Commissioner of Sewers in his native 
 countrey of Lincolnshire, " which abounds in vast Fens 
 and Marishes, he particularly applied himself to the 
 study of these laws of Sewers, and made choice to read 
 upon the Statute whereon that Commission is princi- 
 pally grounded." It is only necessary to quote that 
 portion which refers to his connection with Gray's Inn, 
 as follows : — " My most worthy fellows and companions 
 of this noble and renowned Society, the hour-glass 
 of my puisne time is run, and I am now come to take 
 possession of your Reader's place ; wherein I must 
 hazard to your censures the fortunes of my inability. 
 These twenty and six years compleat I have had con- 
 tinuance here, and in that time I have onely taken the 
 measure and length of your Hall, and herein I acknow- 
 ledge Gray's Inji to be the patron of my best fortunes, 
 and yourselves the best companions of my forepast and 
 present life. I made a question, when it came to my 
 turn to read, whether I should turn therefrom or not, 
 being then troubled about two things, charge and care, 
 both which I put into a pair of scales, wherein I thought 
 charge weighed heavy and solid (for ibi ponebatitur solidi), 
 care notwithstanding had his equal weight with the
 
 READINGS 43 
 
 Other, and poised the scales even ; yet I considered 
 the small substance I had got came by my profession. 
 I therefore took myself both in credit and conscience 
 bound to undertake this burthensome place, for the 
 maintenance and preservation of the honour of this 
 House ; and with that I put charge and care in one 
 scale, and resolution in the other which scaled them 
 both up." 
 
 The Readings were greatly interrupted during the 
 Commonwealth. In 1657, Cromwell's Parliament or- 
 dered " that it be recommended to his Highness and 
 the Council to take some effectual course, upon advice 
 with the Judges, for reforming the government of the 
 Inns of Court ; and likewise for placing of godly and able 
 ministers there, and providing a sufficient maintenance 
 for their encouragement ; and also for reviving the 
 Readings in the several Inns of Court, and the keeping 
 up of exercise by the students there" (Burton's Diary, 
 ii. 313). Nothing, however, seems to have been done. 
 At the Restoration, the Readings were again renewed, 
 and some of the old customs revived, as appears from the 
 following extract from Pepys' Diary, 28th Feb. 1663-4. : — 
 " Lord's Day. Up and walked to Paul's ; and by chance 
 it was an extraordinary day for the Readers of the Inns 
 of Court and all the Students to come to church, it 
 being an old ceremony not used these twenty-five years 
 upon the first Sunday in Lent." 
 
 Simon Segar (already mentioned, p. 23) drew up 
 a " Succession of Readers," as he calls his table, and
 
 44 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 affixed to each person's name a coloured representation 
 of his arms. This list now follows ; but, failing repro- 
 duction in drawing, these heraldic bearings are expressed 
 in blazon, or verbal description. Occasionally the shields 
 are left imperfect by Segar, from want of exact know- 
 ledge, or other cause. All these deficiencies are duly 
 noted in the following pages, as they occur. 
 
 It may be well to add that a slight liberty has been 
 taken with the MS., the precise extent of which is 
 shown by these two entries on f. 177 (printed on 
 
 P- 54) :— 
 
 [Shield of Admitted 
 
 Barrester 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Ai'ins in 
 trick and 
 coloured] 
 
 Reader Quadr' ■ 
 
 Serviens 
 
 Serviens R' — 
 
 ■1544 T 
 ■1546 
 
 ■1552 
 
 ;JS^^ J^John JeflferyesK' 
 
 •1572 
 
 [Shield of 
 Arms in 
 trick and 
 coloured] 
 
 Just' Banco R' 1576 
 
 Capt' Bar' Scacc' — 1577 J 
 
 Admitted 1542 ^ 
 
 ^5+5 I Edward Halsall 
 
 Barrester 
 Ancient - 
 
 Reader Autm' 
 
 •1552 I 
 -1559J 
 
 Autumnal' nulla Lectura 
 
 As will be seen on reference to the list of " Readers " 
 reproduced in the following pages (45 — 76), Segar's 
 abbreviated Latin terms, such as dupV Led' Quadr\ 
 non legebat, &c., are turned into English and reduced 
 to uniformity throughout ; a few simple abbreviations 
 being employed, which are set out at length, in connec- 
 tion with the windows, at page 129.
 
 ^ ^ucct^gJiott of itcato*^ 45 
 
 extracted from severall Ancient Regesters 
 
 with their Coates Armoriall 
 
 in memorie thereof. 
 
 rf 172] 
 Az. on a chief or Markham, John 
 
 pai^MssuaVt'g'S: King's Serf 1391 ; Just. C. p. 1397 ; Just. 
 ['•302, rotu 3] K. B. 1444; Chief Just. K. B. 1462. 
 
 Arg.onapaiesa. Gascoignc, William 
 
 couS'^VThe King's serf 1398 ; Chief Just. K. B. 1401. 
 
 field. 
 
 [•308, row 3] 
 
 Ar?. 3 moie-hius Tildsley, Thomas 
 ''"^[•303, row 3] Kings serj' 1 403 . 
 
 Arg.abendengr. Colpeppei, John 
 
 ''^T.308,ro«,4] King's serj' 1401 ; Just. C. P. 1406. 
 
 Ei-m.onbendsa. Cheney, William 
 
 3inartiet8or. gerf 1411 ; Just. K. B. 1414 ; Chief Just. 
 
 K. B. 1424. 
 
 Admitted 21 Jan. 1562-3 Henry afterwards Lord Cheney. 
 
 Axg. -mthin a Maitine, John 
 
 ehe'v" bet^-. 3 Scrj' I4I I ; JuSt. C. P. 1423. 
 
 masclea sa. 
 
 Gu. three broad HaleS, John 
 
 Z'ZLA^)Zs. King's serj' 1414 ; Just. C. P. 1423 ; Just. 
 K. B. 1424. 
 
 Admitted 4 Mdrch 1609-10 James lord Sales. 
 [f. 172 b.] 
 
 Arg. 3 bars gu. Skypwith, William 
 
 Tounilo'^zfaTt King's serj- 1355 ; Just. C. P. 1360 ; Chief 
 
 sable. Bar. Exch. 1363. 
 
 Arg. three Uons Yelverton, William 
 IX^^drcWef Serj* 1440; Just. K. B. 1444. 
 
 gules. 
 
 Qu. a mule pas- Moyle, Walter 
 
 santargcnt. gg^j* 1453 ; King's scrj* 1454; Just. C. p. 
 
 1454- 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales .
 
 46 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Arg. a cross Billinge, Thomas 
 
 betw. four cross- c -t jr- ■> -t o t i tt- t» 
 
 crossiets fltchy Serj' 1453 ; King s serj* 1458 ; Just. K. B. 
 gu. in fess point 1^65 ; Chief Tust. K. B. 146Q. 
 
 an annulet of the 1 ^^ ' j t y 
 
 field. 
 
 Or, 3 piles vert Brian, Thomas 
 
 lrv?)Vaborde? Serj' 1464 ; Chief Just. C. p. 1485. 
 
 az. bezanty. 
 
 [*302, row 4] 
 
 Or, a cross vert. Hussey, William ; knt. 
 
 [•302,ro«,4] King's attorney 1472; Serf 1478; Chief 
 Just. K. B. 1482. 
 
 b^fked &°mem- S^^^^^y, Humphrey 
 
 beredguies. Serj' 1478 ; Chief Bar. Exch. 1484. 
 
 [*^* A leaf [fo7~i7ierly pp. 32, 33) is here missing: 
 names supplied from "The Index" atf. 171.] 
 [Page 82] 
 
 Or, 2 lions pas- Dudley, Edmund 
 
 ^'^^[^sn roi" 2] Privy counsellor, temp. Hen. VII. 
 
 0r,3barsgemei3 Fairefaz, William ; knt. 
 
 f^aiforampant Serf 1504 ; Just. C. P. 1509 I died 1 5 14. 
 
 sa. [*301, row 2] 
 
 0r,3barsgerQei8 Fairefax, Thoinas ; knt. 
 
 of aiio^™t Knighted at Touraine 25 Dec. 1 5 1 3. 
 
 gu. [*304, row 4] 
 
 Per chevron vert Fineux, Jolin ; knt. 
 
 Siayed."''" Serj* 1485 ; Just. C. P. 1494 ; Chief Just. 
 [•301, row 5] of England 1495 ; died 1525. 
 
 Gules, 3 lions Fitzhcrbert, Anthony ; knt. 
 '"^l^Crow 3] Serj' 1 5 1 o ; King's serj' 1 5 1 6 ; Just. C. P. 
 1522; died 1538. 
 
 Oxonbrigge, Thomas, Serj* 1495. 
 
 Yaxley,f John, Serj* 1495. 
 
 * Dugdale's Orig. Jiir. t Phttnpton Correspondence, 152,
 
 READERS 47 
 
 [Page 33] 
 
 8a. 11 roundies Spelmaii, John 
 
 botw.2flaunches Lg^t Reader 15 13-14; Just. K. B. 1532. 
 
 "[•302, row 4] 
 
 [Gu. 3 arrows HaleS, Johll 
 
 =1 ari°Jr Autumn Reader 15 14. 
 
 wards) argent.] 
 Argent, on a 
 
 Hesketh, Richard 
 
 bend sable 3 Lent Reader I s 14- 1 "5. 
 
 garbs or. ^ -r ^ 
 
 Martine, "William, Autumn Reader 1515. 
 
 Tyngledon, Henry, Lent Reader 15 15-16, 
 
 Dillon, Peter, Autumn Reader 15 16. 
 
 Arg. on a bend "Wingfoild, Humfrey ; knt. 
 itSsoiwtis Lent Reader 1516-17; Speaker of the 
 conjoined in lure House of Conimons Ic/iip. Hen. VIII. ; 
 [*307,Vt)«; 5] died 1546. [Gough, Sepulchj-al Monu- 
 ments, ii. 387.] 
 
 No Autumn Reading because of the Plague. 
 [f. 173] 
 Ou. a clicv. betw. Pctitt, John 
 
 s^ieopards- faces Autumu Reader 1 5 1 8 ; double Lent Reader 
 1526; Bar. Exch. 1528. 
 
 Arg. on a chev. Hind, Jolui ; knt. 
 
 leads Trasldtz. Autumn Reader 1 5 1 9 ; double Lent Reader 
 toed'or,aTmany '5271 tnple Lent Reader 1532 ;_ Serjeant 
 lozenges of the 1532; Kmg s scrjeaut 1 535 ; Justice of the 
 last; on a chief Common Pleas i S46. 
 
 sa. a lion passant -^ ' 
 
 erm. [*301, r. 3J 
 
 Gu. a lion pas- Harbrowne, George 
 i«sante. °*"'' ^ Autumn Reader 1520. 
 
 No Lent Reading because of infection. 
 
 Or, on a foss ChalHnor, Robert 
 
 feaflcm-Id^ Ancient 1514; Autumn Reader, 1522. 
 
 lis urg. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 48 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Per pale or and BrOWnC, Frd/ILCis 
 
 3 eIratUops'piies' Autumn Reader, 1 5 2 1 ; double Lent Reader 
 1528. 
 
 No Autumn Reading hy reason of the sickness of Eager Yorke. 
 
 Arg. a saitire Yorke, Roger 
 
 azure. Ancient 15 15 ; Lent Reader 1523 ; double 
 
 Lent Reader 153 1 ; Serj' 1532. 
 
 Arg. a bear sa- Baiesford, Edward 
 
 & chaiedtr"'' Ancient 1 5 1 6 ; Autumn Reader 1524. 
 
 [f. 173 b.] 
 Gu. a chev. arg. Coles,f Humfrey 
 
 ^ea'uf Sbar; Ancieut 1 5 1 6 ; Lent Reader 1 5 24. 
 
 of the Held bet w. 
 
 3 leopards' faces [t Colles. Gu. on chev. arg. pellet<''e 2 bars gemelles 
 
 of the 2nd. betw. 3 lions' heads erased or. Strong — Heraldry of Here- 
 
 [*306, row 3] fordshire.] 
 
 Gu. 3 broad ar- Ealcs, Cliristopher ; knt. 
 do^nwaldsYor*' Aucient 1516; Autumu Reader 1525; 
 [*302, row 2] King's sol. 1526; King's att. 1530 ; Master 
 of the Rolls 1537. 
 
 Az. a fess enn. Harlakenden, Thomas 
 
 head'Iex'idT' Aucieut 1516 ; Lent Reader 1525. 
 
 [•308, row 4] 
 
 Ax. a fess betw. White, Edward 
 
 3 garbs or. Ancient 15 16; Autumn Reader 1526. 
 
 Sable, a bend Whittenhall, George 
 
 ermine. Ancient 1516; Autumn Reader 1527. 
 
 iVo Autumn Reading. 
 Arg.onabendsa. "Wrotll, Robert 
 
 eriSthefleM Autumn Reader Elect 1528; Attorney of 
 crowned or. Duchy of Lanc. 1534. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Jiiridiciales.
 
 READERS 
 
 49 
 
 Birry of 6 arg. Grey, William 
 
 quarterly o^r'^md Anclcnt 1 522; Autumn Reader 1529. 
 
 of the 2nd. 
 
 Quarterly, or and Sackvile, Richard 
 
 gxd|,^^ver au a Ancicnt 1 5 2 2 ; Lent Reader 1529; Chancel- 
 lor of the Court of Augmentations 1530. 
 
 J Arg. 2 pales sa. Walsingham, William 
 
 el^SncfsIjI Ancient 1522 ; Autumn Reader 1530. 
 
 fess gTiles. ^;^ Francis Walsingham, lent, admitted 28 Jan. 1522[-3]. 
 
 Az. a lion rampt Henley, Walter; knt. 
 
 rboXrof the Ancient 1522 ; Lent Reader 1530 ; double 
 
 2nd charged with Lent Reader 153s ; Att. of Augmentations 
 
 eight poUets. ^ T' ■ u^ 
 
 1540; Knight 1547. 
 
 Aig. abend engr. Colpeper, John 
 
 ['308, rou> 4] Ancicnt 1522; Autumn Reader 1531. 
 
 Az. a cross mo- Mollineux, Edmund ; knt. 
 ^^ntiorSlJ-* Ancient 1528 ; Lent Reader 1533 ; double 
 ence. Lent Reader 1536; King's serj' 1543; 
 
 Just. C. P. 1550. 
 
 Gu. 3 broad ar- HaleS, JamCS j knt. 
 
 TrLfet^: Ancient 1528; Autumn Reader 1533; 
 double Lent Reader 1537; triple Lent 
 Reader 1540; Serj' 1541 ; King's serj* 
 1544; Just. C. P. 1549. 
 
 Gu. a mule pas- Moyle, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 arg. Ancifnt 1528; Lent Reader 1534; double 
 
 Lent Reader 1539; Knight 1541 ; Speaker 
 in Parliament 1542. 
 
 * Dugdalc's Origines Jiiridiciales. 
 
 P.
 
 so GRAY'S INN 
 
 [f.i74b.] 
 sa. a chev. arg. Hail, Edward 
 
 betw. 3 chapiets indent 1 5 28; Autumii Reader 1534; 
 double Lent Reader 1541. 
 
 Or, a cross engr. Myssendcii, Aiithony 
 
 quartoaCoS Admitted 1521; Barrister 1525; Ancient 
 
 chough [of 2nd]. 1528; Lent Reader 1 534 ; double Autumn 
 
 Reader 1540 ; Serj' 1541. 
 
 Arg.suonsram- Yelvertoii, William 
 
 andlcMeSes: Admitted 1520; Barrister 1523; Ancient 
 1534; Autumn Reader 1535. 
 
 No Autumn Reading. 
 Or, a griffin seg- BoyeS, Jollll 
 
 reantsabie,^Tth- Admitted 1521 ; Barrister 1525 ; Ancient 
 gules. 1534; Lent Reader 1543; Attorney of 
 
 Duchy of Lane. 1543. 
 
 Arg.3cinquefoUs Southwell, John 
 
 l^th'faSet Admitted 1524; Barrister 1527; Ancient 
 "" [*305,.<n«3] '534; Lent Reader 1538. 
 
 Arg. a fess, and ToWnleV, NicholaS 
 
 in chief 3 mullets a i •,, j t) • i a • i^ 
 
 sable. Admitted 1522 ; Barrister 1524 ; Ancient 
 
 1534; Autumn Reader 1538. 
 
 [A chev. indi- Beckwitli, Leonard; knt. 
 cated.] Admitted 1523; Barrister 1527; Ancient 
 
 1534; Autumn Reader 1540; Knight 1545. 
 [f- 175] 
 
 Per pale em- Gosnold, John 
 
 battkd or and ^^ij^itted 1526; Barrister 1528; Ancient 
 [*305,row;3] 1534; Lent Reader 1540; double Lent 
 Reader 1547 ; Sol. Gen. 1552. 
 
 No Autumn Reading because of the Plague. 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales,
 
 READERS 51 
 
 Barry of six, arg. Giey, Edmund 
 
 quarterfy,or'and Admitted 1 5 24; Barrister 1528; Ancient 
 ofthe2nd. 1534! Lent Reader 1542= 
 
 No Reading the whole year because of the Plague. 
 
 Per pale, sa. and Coke, William 
 
 heads VrasTd Admitted 1528; Barrister 1530; Ancient 
 counter changed 11536 ; Autumn Reader 1^44 ; double Aut. 
 
 ['302, roM; 3] -fS> ^ ' o c -t rr- ' -t 
 
 Reader 1548; Serj' 1550; Kmg s serj'' 
 1552 ; Just. C. P. 1554. 
 
 No Aiitiim?i Reading because of infection. 
 
 Barry of sb:,arg. Stamford [or Staunford], Wm. j knt. 
 tonoTiTessTa: Admitted 1528; Barrister 1530; Ancient 
 in cWef 3 mas- 1 5 36; Lent Reader 1546; double Lent 
 '^ "^^[^8, rem. 4] Reader 1551; Serj* 1552; Queen's serj' 
 1553; Just. C. P. 1554. 
 
 No Autumn Reading because of infection. 
 
 Or, a cross engr. Noone, Francls 
 
 \*h5,rowZ] Admitted 1529; Barrister 1532; Ancient 
 1536; Lent Reader 1546; double Lent 
 Reader 1554. 
 
 Az. a lion ram- Dairell, Thomas 
 
 Tg.^anYXI^et Admitted 1 5..; Ancicnt 1528; Bencher 
 
 on shoulder with I 5 • • 
 
 a trefoil [sa.]. 
 [-308, TOW 3] 
 
 [f-i75b.] « 
 
 Per pale, or and Browne, George 
 
 fel;^opI'S: Admitted 1528 ; Barrister 1531 ; Ancient 
 1536; Lent Reader 1547; Serj' 1554. 
 
 Gu. 3 lions (2 & Gay, Osmond 
 
 v^crXc^'rosskTi Admitted 1528; Barristcr 1532; Ancient 
 
 fitchy(3, i,2and 1536; Autumn Reader 1 547 ; double Lent 
 
 ^^°'- Reader 1553. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales. 
 E 2
 
 52 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Arg. afess betw. 
 3 cinquefoils gn. 
 
 [■"302, row 5] 
 
 Powtrell, Nicholas 
 
 Admitted 1531 ; Barrister 
 
 1542 ; Lent Reader 
 Queen's serj' 1562. 
 
 1533 ; Ancient 
 
 1548 ; Serf 1559 
 
 Gu. on a chief BacoTi, Nicholas ; knt. 
 
 arg. two mullets 
 sable. 
 
 [*300, row i] 
 
 Gu. 3 crescents 
 (2 & 1) or, a can- 
 ton erm. ; cres- 
 cent gii. for dif- 
 ference. 
 
 [*302, roiv 5] 
 
 Or, on a fess 
 betw. 2 chevrons, 
 sable, 3 crosses 
 patties t of the 
 field. 
 
 [*302, row 1] 
 
 Admitted 1532; Barrister 1533; Ancient 
 1540; Bencher 1550; Att. Court of Wards 
 1550; Knight 1556 ; Lord Keeper 1559. 
 
 Adynitted 15 Dec. 1562, Nicholas Bacon, 
 the first Kriight Baro7iet by letter's patent. 
 
 Dallyson, William 
 
 Admitted 1534; Barrister 1537 ; Ancient 
 1542; Autumn Reader 1548; double 
 Autumn Reader 1552 ; Serj* 1552 ; Queen's 
 serf 1555 ; Just. Q. B. 1559. 
 
 Walpole, John 
 
 Admitted 1536; Barrister 1538 ; Ancient 
 1542 ; Lent Reader 1549 ; double Autumn 
 Reader 1554; Serf 1554. 
 
 chequy, or and Ward, Henry 
 
 bend er- Admitted 
 
 az. a 
 mine. 
 
 [*308, row 1] 
 
 [f. 176] 
 Arg. on a bend 
 az. 3 stags' heads 
 cabossed or. 
 
 Gu. on a chev. 
 between 3 eagles' 
 heads erased 
 argent, as many 
 lozenges az.; and 
 on a chief cre- 
 nelir^e of 2nd 3 
 birch branches 
 couped vert. 
 
 1542 
 
 15 . .; Barrister 15 
 Autumn Reader 1549. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Stanley, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1537; Barrister 1539; Ancient 
 1547; Autumn Reader 1550. 
 
 He died in the time of his Reading. 
 
 Birch, John 
 
 Admitted 1537 ; Barrister 1539 ; Ancient 
 1547; Lent Reader 155 1 ; double Lent 
 Reader 1559; Serj' 1559; Bar. Exch. 
 1562. 
 
 * Dugdale's Orig. Jm 
 
 t 3 cross-crosslets. — Dugd.
 
 READERS 53 
 
 Az. a iion ram- Gcrrard, Gilbert; knt. 
 
 pant «.m. crown- Admitted 1 5 37; Barrister 1539; Ancient 
 
 1*302, roiv 4.] 1547; Autumn Reader 1554; Serj' elect 
 
 1558; Att.Gen. 1559; Masterof Rolls 1 581. 
 
 iVb Leni Reading, 
 Per pale, or and SoOne, Fiaiicis 
 
 c^'scent/'betw'! Admitted 1537: Barrister 1539; Ancient 
 fourcinquefoUs; 1547; Autumn Reader 1 554; double Lent 
 
 all counter- t) j 
 
 changed. Reader 1557. 
 
 A2;. on a chev. Flynt, Robert 
 
 S^em.liions Admitted 1532 ; Barrister 15 . .; Ancient 
 
 combatant gu. 1547; Bcnchcr I 549. 
 
 [*306, row 2] ^^' ^^^ 
 
 [f. 176 b.] 
 
 sa.3g-oats(2and Thorold, Anthoiiy 
 
 ^^^'f*zmTrf^l\ Admitted 1537; Barrister 1539; Ancient 
 1547; Lent Reader 1555. 
 
 Erm. on a fess Seckford, Tho. ; knt. 
 
 g^^^escaUops Admitted 1540; Barrister 1542: Ancient 
 [•308, rou> 1] 1547; Lent Reader 1556; Master of 
 Requests 1557. 
 
 Sa a chev. betw. RamSey , Jolui 
 
 coup^'argent' Admitted 1539; Barrister 1541 ; Ancient 
 1547 ' Autumn Reader 1556. 
 
 Arg. a lion ram- Forsett, Richard 
 
 rtnd gobony Admitted 1540; Barrister 1542; Ancient 
 arg. &gu. 1552 ; Autumn Reader 1557. 
 
 Gu. a fess erm. Mecres, Lawrence 
 
 boSaS" Admitted 1540; Barrister 1542; Ancient 
 [•306, rou- 61 1 5 52; Lent Reader 1558; double Lent 
 Reader 1557. 
 
 No Autum7i Reading by reason of sickness. 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales .
 
 54 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Axg. on a fess BarhaRi, Nicholas 
 
 f^ssant'a'mr Admitted 1540; Barrister 1542; Ancient 
 
 zied [of 2nd] a ISS2; Lent Reader 1558; Queen's serj' 
 
 fleur-de-lis betw. ^ 
 
 2 martlets of the ' 5 7 3 • 
 
 field. 
 
 [*302, row 6] 
 
 [SMeid blank.] Stringer, George 
 
 Admitted 1547 ! Barrister 1549 ; Ancient 
 1563. 
 [f. 177] 
 
 Az. a fess betw. BaitOll, Ealph 
 
 cabS'or^'^'^' Admitted 1542; Barrister 1545; Ancient 
 1*306, row 1] 1552 ; Lent Reader 1559 ; double Autumn 
 Reader 1568. 
 
 Az. fretty or, on JefFsryes, John ; knt. 
 
 pa"ant'|i.t^°'' Admitted 1544; Barrister 1546; Ancient 
 [*30i, roM) 5] 1552; Lent Reader 1561 ; Serj* 1567; 
 
 Queen's serj* 1572; Just. Q. B. 1576; Ch. 
 
 Bar. Exch. 1577. 
 
 Aig. 3 heraldic Halsall, Edward 
 
 anToneT^S Admitted 1 542; Barrister 1545; Ancient 
 az. langued gu. 1552 I Autumu Reader 1559. 
 
 2Vo Autumn Reading. 
 
 Arg. 3 covered Nowell, Robert 
 
 *^"^^[*306!Vot« 5] Admitted 1544; Barrister 1546; Ancient 
 1552; Autumn Reader 1561. 
 
 Az a Uon ram- Gcrrard, William 
 
 pant arg. [sic] Admitted 1543; Barrister 1^46; Ancient 
 
 crowned or. -'"-' ' t> i 
 
 1555 ; cliosen Autumn Reader 1561 ; 
 Chancellor of Ireland 1578. 
 
 He did not read. 
 * Dugdale's Or/^ y«r. f 'Va.QYxon passattt guardaiit. — Dugd.
 
 READERS 
 
 S5 
 
 Gti. on a chief 
 indented arg. 3 
 martlets sable. 
 [*301, mw4] 
 
 Lovelace, William 
 
 Admitted 1548; Barrister 1551 ; Ancient 
 1552; Lent Reader 1562; double Lent 
 Reader 1567 ; Serj'' 1567. 
 
 Richard Lovelace lord Hurle admitted 5 March 1605 [-6]. 
 
 Arg. on a pile az. 
 betw. two cross- 
 crosslets gn. a 
 dove volant en- 
 circled with glory 
 or. [*306, row 4] 
 
 [f. 177 b.] 
 
 Arg. a fess betw. 
 3 scythes (2 and 
 1), points dexter, 
 giiles. 
 
 Kitchin, John 
 
 Admitted 1544; Barrister 1547 ; Ancient 
 1557; Autumn Reader 1563; double Lent 
 Reader 1571. 
 
 AUcocke, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1546; Barrister 1548; Ancient 
 1557; Lent Reader 1563; double Lent 
 Reader 1572. 
 
 Arg.3cross-cros- CMsnold, Richard 
 
 bordSbir ^ Admitted 1547 ; Barrister 155 1 
 1557 ; Autumn Reader 1565. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Argent, in bend RoodCS, Francis 
 
 between 2 cotises 
 erm. a lion pas- 
 sant gu. betw. 2 
 acorns [proper]. 
 [*301, row 4] 
 
 Admitted 1549 ; Barrister 1552 ; Ancient 
 1557; Lent Reader 1564; double Lent 
 Reader 1575; Serj^ 1578; Queen's serj' 
 1582; Just. C. P. 1584. 
 
 Az. a chev. engi-. Colby, ThoUiaS 
 
 betw.3escaUops Admitted 
 
 or. 
 
 1549; Barrister 1553; Ancient 
 [•305, rou- 5] 1 557; Autumu Reader 1 566 ; double Lent 
 Reader 1576. 
 
 Argent, a lion SMrbume, Robcrt 
 
 [aJ^Cd^'^and Admitted 1 5 50 ; Barrister 1553; Ancient 
 
 armed gu. iss? ; Autumn Reader 1567. 
 
 [•308, rouiS] ^^' ' 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 56 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Per chev. sa. and 
 or, in chief two 
 eagles displayed 
 of the 2nd. 
 
 [*301, row 3] 
 
 Shute, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1550; Barrister 1552; Ancient 
 1557; Lent Reader 1568 ; double Autumn 
 Reader 1577; Serj' 1577; Bar. Exch. 1579; 
 Just. Q. B. 1584. 
 
 Sa. a cross engr. 
 or ; in canton a 
 mullet arg. 
 
 [f. 178] 
 
 Vert, a chevron 
 betw. 3 fleurs-de- 
 lis or. 
 
 Sa. a bend betw. 
 10 billets, 3, 2 and 
 1, and 1, 2 and 3, 
 arg. 
 
 [•308, row 4 J 
 
 Erm. a griffin 
 segreant azure. 
 [*305, row 5] 
 
 Payton, Richard 
 
 Admitted 1550; Barrister 155 
 1563 ; Lent Reader 1569. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 No Reading the -whole year because of the Plague. 
 
 Kirle, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1551 ; Barrister 1555; Ancient 
 1563 ; Lent Reader 1570. 
 
 Allington, "William 
 
 Admitted 1551; Barrister 1553 ; Ancient 
 1563 ; Autumn Reader 1571. 
 
 Aunger, Richard 
 
 Admitted 1551 ; Barrister 155 . ; Ancient 
 1563 ; Autumn Reader 1572 ; double Lent 
 Reader 1578. 
 
 [Indication of a 
 mullet in fess 
 point betw. 3 
 roundles.] 
 
 Whiskins, William 
 
 Admitted 1552; Barrister 1553; Ancient 
 1563 ; Autumn Reader 1573 ; double Lent 
 Reader 1579. 
 
 Arg. 3 Uons ram- 
 pant guardant 
 and a cliief gules. 
 [*301, row5] 
 
 Yelverton, Christopher ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1552; Barrister 1553 ; Ancient 
 1563; Lent Reader 1573; double Lent 
 Reader 1584; Queen's serj' 1589; Speaker 
 in ParP 1597 ; Just. Q. B. 1602 ; 
 1603. 
 
 Knight 
 
 Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 READERS 57 
 
 ArjT. 3 pheons (2 Siiagge, Thomas 
 
 downwaX/'^sa! Admitted 1 552 ; Barrister 1554; Ancient 
 
 ^le. 1563 ; Autumn Reader 1574; double Aut. 
 
 Reader 1579; Serj' 1580; Queens serj' 
 
 1590. 
 
 ["302, row 6] 
 
 sa. a fess. betw. Cardinall, William 
 
 s^^door-hinges Admitted 1553 1 Barrister 1555 ; Ancient 
 1*307, row 3] 1 563; Lent Reader 1574; double Lent 
 Reader 1586. 
 
 William Biiniham did not read in Autumn, and 
 [f. lySb.l therefore Jined. 
 
 Arg. 3 lions pas- BrogravG, John ; knt. 
 
 pakfutes.'^'^ "* Admitted 1555; Barrister 1560 ; Ancient 
 [*307,ro«;2] 156^ • Autumn Reader 1576 ; Attorney of 
 Duchy of Lane. 1593; Knight 1603. 
 
 Gu.sgarbsviith- Kempe, Hichard 
 
 "^ "'[*307"jwi] Admitted 1556; Barrister 1558; Ancient 
 1569; Lent Reader 1578. 
 
 Sa. 3 pairs of Puiefoy, Humphrey 
 
 &f)ciasp^gLd Admitted 1556; Barrister 1560 ; Ancient 
 *'°"?«n^''^- ,/ 1569 ; Autumn Reader 1578. 
 
 [•306, row 1] "^ ^ -^ ' 
 
 Arg. a pale lo- Daniell, William 
 
 zengy mibio^^ ^^ Admitted 1556; Barrister 15..; Ancient 
 1569; Autumn Reader 1580; Serj' 1594; 
 Just. C. P. 1603. 
 
 Arg. on a fess az. LeWCS, Michaell 
 
 3 boars' heads a i -^^ j -n • ^ a • 
 
 coupedor,andin Admitted 1559; Barrister 1562; Ancient 
 guard''^!'^"''- ^574; Lent Reader 1580. 
 
 [•308, row 3] 
 
 Gules, betw. two Sherrington, Gilbert 
 
 flauncheschequy a j ■? i , n • ^ . . 
 
 argent and sable. Admitted 1560 ; isamster 156. . ; Ancient 
 J^inTier*^ '574; Autumn Reader 1 5 8 1 . 
 
 [•308, row 3J 
 
 « 
 
 Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 58 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Quarterly, arg. Feasant, Peter 
 
 tesdancettle'^of Admitted 1561; Barrister 1563; Ancient 
 
 the 2iici and or. 1574; Lent Reader 1 582. 
 
 [*307, row 4] ^'^ "^ 
 
 [f- 179] 
 
 Aig. six cross- Blundcstoii, Lawrence 
 
 W,'f^& iTC Admitted 1561 ; Barrister 1563; Ancient 
 
 and a chief vair I S74- 1 Autumn Reader 1582. 
 
 of 2nd and first. J / 1 > o 
 
 [*308, row 3] ^^ ^^^^^ Reading because of the Plague. 
 
 Ai-g. 3 weavers' SllUttlewaite[or SHUTTLE'WORTH],Rich.;knt. 
 
 ^^'^^\^m%^]w &-\ Admitted 1561 ; Barrister 1563; Ancient 
 1574 ; Autumn Reader 1583; Queen's serj' 
 1584 [Ch. Just, of Chester]. 
 
 Sa. a bend ra- Penruddock, Johll 
 
 ^^'['^3?5™*o«; 3] Admitted 1562; Barrister 1564; Ancient 
 1574; Autumn Reader 1584; double Lent 
 Reader 1593. 
 
 Az. 2 bars and in SpUrlinge, Jollll 
 
 chief 3 mascies Admitted 1 562 ; Barrister 1565 ; Ancient 
 [*30i, roM;4] 1 5 74; Lent Reader 1585; double Lent 
 Reader 1594; Serj* 1594. 
 
 Gu. 3 broad ar- HaleS, John 
 
 points down- Admitted 1562; Barrister 1565; Ancient 
 wards, argent. 1 5 74; Autumn Reader 1 585 ; Queen's serj* 
 
 1602. 
 
 Arg. a chev. az. Broxholme, Thomas 
 
 hfads erasedll!' Admitted 1563; Barrister 1565; Ancient 
 1574; Autumn Reader 1586. 
 
 Arg. [Or in Dug- Pooly , EdmUlld 
 
 ''ant sabiT ''^°'' Admitted 1563; Barrister 1574; Ancient 
 [*308,roM)2] 1574; Lent Reader 1587. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 [f. 179 b.] 
 
 Aig. 3 bars, and 
 a canton gu. 
 [•307, row I] 
 
 Gu. on a chief 
 arg. 2 mullets sa. 
 an annulet or for 
 dilfercnce. 
 
 [*300, row 4] 
 
 Az. 3 pelicans 
 vulning thein- 
 eelves arg. 
 
 [*301, row 5] 
 
 Az. fretty arg. a 
 cMef or. 
 
 ["302, rozv 2] 
 
 Arg. 2 bars gu. on 
 a canton of 2nd, 
 a lion passant or. 
 
 Aziu-e, a ealtii'e 
 betw. 4 escallops 
 qr. 
 
 [f. 180] 
 
 Arg. a saltire 
 engrailed betw. 
 4 bears' heads 
 erased sable 
 muzzled [or]. 
 
 Or, on a bend 
 between 2 floui-.s- 
 dc-lis gu. a lion 
 passjmt arg. 
 
 [•308, row 2] 
 
 READERS 59 
 
 Fuller, Nicholas 
 
 Admitted 156^; Barrister 15..; Ancient 
 1574; Autumn Reader 1586. 
 
 Bacon, Francis; Viscount St. Alban 
 
 Admitted 1576; Ancient 1576; Barrister 
 1582 ; Bencher 1586; Lent Reader 1588 ; 
 double Lent Reader 1600; Knight 1603; 
 King's Sol. Gen. 1607; King's Att. Gen. 
 161 3; Lord Keeper 161 6 ; Baron Verulam 
 1617; Lord Chancellor 1617 ; Viscount 
 St. Alban 1620. 
 
 Pelham, Edmund ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1563 ; Barrister 1575 ; Ancient 
 1579; Autumn Reader 1588; double Lent 
 Reader 1601 ; Serj' 1601 ; Knight 1606 ; 
 Chief Just. Ireland 16 . . 
 
 St. Leger, Anthony ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1562; Barrister 1565; Ancient 
 1579; Lent Reader 1589; Knight 1593. 
 
 Lancaster, John 
 
 Admitted 1564; Barrister 1577; Ancient 
 1589; Autumn Reader 1589. 
 No Autiwiit Reading. 
 
 Wade, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1565; Barrister 1577; Ancient 
 1579; Lent Reader 1590. 
 
 Betenham, Jeremie 
 
 Admitted 1560; J5arrister 1569; Ancient 
 1579; Autumn Reader 1590. 
 
 Laney, John 
 
 Admitted 1567; Barrister 1569; Ancient 
 1579 ; Lent Reader 1591. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridic tales.
 
 6o GRAY'S INN 
 
 Gu. on a fess Ellis, John 
 
 centeoTasmln; Admitted 1 5 66; Barrister 1577; Ancient 
 
 escaiiopsaz. 1579; Autumn Reader 1591. 
 
 Per pale, ermine Nightingale, Jcffcry 
 
 ""'ntfSihangeT Admitted 1567; B 
 
 1*306, row 5^ 1579 I Lent Reader 1592. 
 
 coLlSihangeT Admitted 1567; Barrister 1576; Ancient 
 
 Gu. 3 broad ar- Halcs, Chailes ; knt. 
 
 thlpoi^ts^do^^- Admitted 1567; Barrister 1576; Ancient 
 wards, argent. 1 579; Autmim Reader 1592; King's 
 
 serj' 1603. 
 
 No Aiitutmi Reading because of the Plague. 
 Azure, 2 bars or; PottS, NicholaS 
 
 Admitted 156 
 
 1579; Autmiin Reader 1593. 
 
 of the''2lid! ^""""^ Admitted 1567; Barrister 1577 ; Ancient 
 
 Gu.afesschequy Barker, Richard 
 
 i^°e7betweeT3 Admitted 1569; Barrister 1 57 1 ; Ancient 
 annulets, of the i^yg ; Lent Reader 1594. 
 
 [f. 180 b.] 
 Sa. a duck arg-. Pepper, Cuthbert ; knt. 
 bered|uies°'^°'' Admitted 1570; Barrister 1578; Ancient 
 [*306, TO!« 4] 1584; Autumn Reader 1595; Surveyor 
 of Court of Wards 1601 ; Knight 1603. 
 
 Aig. on a bend Hesketh, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 ^' ^^^trow 5] Admitted 1572; Barrister 1580; Ancient 
 1584; Lent Reader 1596; Attorney of 
 Court of Wards 16.. ; Knight 1603. 
 
 [Gules] a fess Brackin, Francis 
 
 azTIag.w. Admitted 1572; Barrister 1578; Ancient 
 3 lozenges or, ea. 1589; Autumn Reader 1596. 
 
 charged with a 
 bird. 
 
 [*306, rotu 3] 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 READERS 
 
 6 1 
 
 Quarterly: 1&4, 
 arg. asaltire gii.; 
 2 & 3, az. a lion 
 ramp. [erm.] 
 crowned or : a 
 crescent or for 
 difference. 
 Arg. fretty engr. 
 sable. 
 
 Gerrard, William 
 
 Admitted 1572; Barrister 
 1584; Lent Reader 1597. 
 
 1580 ; Ancient 
 
 Caulfield, George 
 
 Admitted 1568; Barrister 1581 
 1584; Autumn Reader 1597. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 3 bendiets Wilbraham, Roger ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1576; Barrister 1582; Ancient 
 158. . ; Bencher 1595 ; Lent Reader 1598; 
 Sol. Gen. Ireland 1599; Master of Re- 
 quests 1600; Knight 1603. 
 
 Ellis, William ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1574; Barrister 1581 ; Ancient 
 1589 ; Autumn Reader 1598. 
 
 [*^* Two leaves, or four pages, formerly numbered 
 50 to 53, are missing in the manuscript ; hut the 
 entries are here restored from the names in "The 
 Index " atf. 171.] 
 
 Az. 
 
 ■wavy arg. on a 
 canton of the 2nd 
 a wolf's head 
 erased sable. 
 [*302, row 2] 
 
 Gu. on a f ess arg. 
 betw. 3 crescents 
 or (2 &1) as many 
 escallops sable. 
 
 [page 50] 
 
 Goldsmith, Clement 
 
 Admitted 1574; Barrister 1583 
 1589; Lent Reader i598[-9]. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 [Argent, a cross Bevercotes, Samuel 
 
 -^BuZ.r''^''' Admitted 1574; Barrister 1582; Ancient 
 i589[-9o] ; Autumn Reader 1599; of the 
 Queen's Council in Northern parts. 
 
 Paly of 6, ermine 
 and azure, on a 
 chief gu. a lion 
 pass, guard, or. 
 [•302, row 2] 
 
 Altham, James; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1575; Barrister 1581 ; Ancient 
 i589[-9o]; Autumn Reader 1600; double 
 Lent Reader i6o2[-3] ; Knight and Baron 
 Exch. i6o6[-7]. 
 
 Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 62 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Chaworth, George 
 
 Admitted 1576; Ancient 1589; Autumn 
 Reader 1601; of the Queen's Council in 
 the North. 
 
 [Argent, a chev- ShcfFeild, Robert 
 
 gSr^^''"^' Admitted 1577; Barrister 158+; Ancient 
 1593 ; Lent Reader i6oi[-2]. 
 
 Quarterly: i& 4, Aunger, Fraiicis ; knt. 
 
 fe^!fant\?;ife- Admitted 1577; Barrister 1583; Ancient 
 2 & 3, gu. a boar 1593; Autumu Reader 1602; Knight 
 ^^^^['^d05%ow 5] 1 609 ; Master of Rolls, Ireland [5th J^ine, 
 
 1609, until his death, 8th October, 1632. 
 
 Fosterf]. 
 
 Argent, on a f ess Hutton, Eichaid ; knt. 
 
 heads^'cabostd Admitted 1580; Barrister 1586; Ancient 
 
 or. 1C98 ; Sen*' 1603 ; Tust. C. P. 1617. 
 
 [•301, row 2] OJ^J J ' J / 
 
 iVb Aufiemn Reading (1603), because of Plague. 
 \Lent Reading i6o3[-4], Dugdale leaves blank.'] 
 
 [51] 
 [Argent, a chev- Finch, Hciiry 
 
 fln"pasrantl3' Admitted 1577: Barrister 1585; Ancient 
 1593; Autumn Reader 1604; Serj' 1614. 
 
 Gules, on a chief Hicham, Robert; knt. 
 
 [°302^^w6] Admitted 1589; Barrister i595[-6]; Lent 
 Reader i6o4[-5]; Queen's Attorney 16. ,; 
 Knight 1604; King's serj' i6i6[-7]. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales. 
 
 t Collectanea Genealogica : Register of Admissions to Gray's Inn.
 
 READERS 63 
 
 Azure, a fess Brantingham, Elias 
 
 Tdttw-l^ath: Admitted 1578; Barrister i585[-6];Ancient 
 ■wheels or. iSQi; Autumn Reader 1 60S. 
 
 [*306, row 1] ^^^' ^ 
 
 Ardent, 3 mole- Tildesley, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 ^*307, row3] Admitted 1 577; Barrister i584[-5]; Ancient 
 1593; LentReader i6o5[-6]; Knight 1616; 
 of the King's Council in the North. 
 
 [Azure, a lion Hiighes, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 ^Xf°'' ^'' Admitted 1579; Barrister 1585; Ancient 
 1593; Autumn Reader 1606; Knight 16 19. 
 
 Argent, 3 lions Yclvertoii, Henry ; knt. 
 3chio/gXs: Admitted 1579; Barrister 1593; Ancient 
 [•302,roj«3] 1593; Lent Reader 1 6o6[-7]; Knight 1613; 
 Attorney-General 1 6 1 7 . 
 
 Gules, an cscut- Chamberlain, Thomas ; knt. 
 :& SiSi's Admitted 1578; Barrister 1 585[-6]; Ancient 
 argent. 1593; Autumn Reader 1607; Knight and 
 
 1*302, row 4] (.j^_ j^jg^_ Chester 1616 ; Just. K. B. 1620. 
 
 [52] 
 Sable, a chevron Athowe, ThomaS 
 
 teJ's|uar2''(to Admitted 1580; Barrister 1 586[-7]; Ancient 
 
 dexter) arg-ent. I S98 ; Lent Reader 1 6o7r-8l ; Seri' I6I4.. 
 
 ^ .102. rn-w fil^ /UJ'JT 
 
 [302, row 6] 
 
 Ireland, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1579; Barrister 1584; Ancient 
 1593; Autumn Reader 1608; Knight 
 1617; Vice-Chamberlain of County Pal. 
 Chester. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 64 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Per pale nebuiy Fleetwood, Henry 
 
 8?^'''' mTnieTs Admitted 1579; Barrister 1586; Ancient 
 counter-changed 1S98 ; Lent Reader i6o8[-9]. 
 
 Gu. on a chief Lovclace, Lancelot 
 
 martttesabfe.^ Admitted 1581; Ancicnt 1598; Autumn 
 Reader 1609. 
 
 Topham, Henry- 
 Admitted 1581 ; Ancient 1598; Lent 
 Reader i6o9[-io]. 
 
 Rolt, Edward 
 
 Admitted 1581; Ancient 1598; Autumn 
 Reader 16 10. 
 
 [Quarterly, or Evers, Francis ; knt. 
 
 and gu on a Admitted 1 598; Barrister 1 6o2r-3]; Knight 
 
 lopsarg.] 1 604; Lent Reader loio [-iij- 
 
 Arg. on a bend. Emley, John ; knt. 
 
 sa. 3 eagles dispi. Sol. Gen. 1507; Att. Gen. 1509; Ch. Just. 
 
 "''■ [302, row 4] C. P. 1519; died iszi—Foss. 
 
 [53] 
 
 Az. a lion ramp. Gerrard, Philip 
 
 ermine, crowned Admitted 1 584; Barrister 1 593[-4]; Ancient 
 i6o3[-4]; Autumn Reader 1611. 
 
 Azure, a lion Crew, Thomas ;t knt. 
 
 rampant argent Admitted 1585 ; Barrister 1591 ; Ancient 
 
 [*331, row 3.] -^ -^ -> ' ^ r -1 T7- • -1 
 
 1603L-4J; Lent Reader 161 i^-z J ; Knight 
 1623; Serj' i624[-5]. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales. 
 
 t At f. 246 is figured "A Salt weight 38 oz. dwt.," value 
 /■g : 17J. ''i\d., the bequest of Sir Thomas Crew, knt., King's 
 serjeant-at-law. Arms: — Baron, A lion rampant (Crew), impaling 
 femme, Quarterly ; i and 4, 2 and 3, Bray.
 
 READERS 
 
 6S 
 
 Gules, S tilting 
 spears erect or, 
 points argent. 
 
 Argent, a chev. 
 betw. 3 cross- 
 croslets fltchy 
 sable : crescent 
 for difference. 
 [*303, row 2] 
 
 Azure, a lion 
 passant betw. 3 
 escallops or. 
 [*302, row 3] 
 
 [f. i8i.] 
 
 Sa. a chev. betw. 
 3 cross-croslots 
 arg. : a crescent 
 gn. for diffe- 
 rence. 
 
 Arg. on a bend 
 engr. sa. 3 fleurs- 
 de-lis of the field. 
 
 Amhurst, Eichard 
 
 Admitted 1585; Barrister 1593; Ancient 
 i6o3[-4] ; Autumn Reader 161 2. 
 
 Davenport, Humfrey; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1585; Barrister 1590; Ancient 
 1 603 [-4]; Lent Reader i6i2[-i3]; Serj' 
 1623; Knight 1624; Just. C. P. i629[-3o]; 
 Cliief Bar. Exch. 1631. 
 
 Mayne, James 
 
 Admitted 1585 ; Barrister 1593 ; Ancient 
 i6o3[-4]; Autumn Reader 1613. 
 
 Henden, Edward; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1586; Barrister 1592; Ancient 
 i6o3[-4] ; Lent Reader 1613L-14] ; Serj* 
 1C16; Bar. Exch. 1639. 
 
 Southworth, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1587; Barrister 15.,; Ancient 
 1603 ; Autumn Reader 16 14. 
 
 Holt, William 
 
 Admitted 1588; Barrister 15..; Ancient 
 1608 ; Lent Reader 16 14. 
 
 Sa. a stag (or Downss, Roger 
 
 aTrcLSf^tod Admitted 1589; Barrister 1599; Ancient 
 for difference. 1608; Autumn Reader 1615. 
 
 Gu.onafessarg. Ellis, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 S^DSm^y Admitted 1589; Barrister 1 5 . . 
 
 escallops az. 1608; Bencheri6i7. 
 
 T:fe did not read. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Ra. a chev. betw. Mosley, Edward ; knt. 
 
 ^^[•30Gfro^Ti Admitted 1590; Barrister 1598; Ancient 
 1608; Bencher 1 6 1 o ; Att. Dy. of Lane. 16... 
 
 He did not read. 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales . 
 
 D.
 
 66 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Quarterly, sa. & 
 arg. in first quar- 
 ter a lion ramp. 
 of the 2nd. 
 
 [*302, row 6] 
 
 Barry of 6, arg. 
 and sa. the first 
 charged with 
 six cinquefoils 
 (3, 2, 1) of 2nd : 
 annulet or for 
 difference. 
 
 [f. i8i b.] 
 
 Az. a stag trip- 
 pant arg., armed 
 or : a mullet for 
 difference. 
 
 Az. 10 billets (4, 
 3, 2 and 1) or; on 
 a canton arg. a 
 raven [proper]. 
 
 Binge, Henry 
 
 Admitted 1592; Barrister 1599; Ancient 
 1608; Lent Reader 1615 ; Serj' 1623. 
 
 Darrell, Walter 
 
 Admitted 1591 ; Barrister 1598; Ancient 
 1615 ; Autumn Reader 161 6. 
 
 No Lent Reading by reason of the death of John 
 Townley the Reader elect. 
 
 Low, Nicholas 
 
 Admitted 159.; Barrister 1599; Ancient 
 1612; Autumn Reader 1617. 
 
 Blundall. Robert 
 
 Admitted 1592 
 
 Barrister 1600: Ancient 
 
 1612 ; Lent Reader 161 7. 
 
 Arg.aehev.betw. 
 3 griifins passant 
 sable. 
 
 [*303, row 2] 
 
 Finch; John, lord 
 
 Admitted 1 600 ; Barrister and Ancient 
 1 611; Bencher 1617 ; Autumn Reader 
 1618; Knight 16.. ; Speaker in Parlia- 
 ment 1628 ; Serj* 1634; Chief Just. C. P. 
 1635; Chancellor to the Queen 1636; 
 Lord Keeper 1639; Baron Fordwich f 
 1640. 
 
 Arg. gutte de 
 poix,onafesssa. 
 3 towers or. 
 
 Higgons, Richard 
 
 Admitted 1592; Barrister 
 1612 ; Lent Reader 161 8. 
 
 IS 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Per bend sinister, JonCS, ThomaS 
 
 mines, T*\ ion Admitted 1599; Barrister 1605; Ancient 
 
 rampant within i6. . ; Autumn Reader 161 9. 
 
 aborderengr. or. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales . 
 
 t Really Baron Finch of Fordwich, created 17 April, 1640. 
 See Foss's Judges of England, \a 310.
 
 READERS 
 
 67 
 
 Per ehev. sa. and Shute, Robert 
 
 or, in chief two Admitted 1600; Barrister 1605; Ancient 
 . . . . ; Bencher 161 7 ; Lent Reader 1619 ; 
 Recorder of London 1620. 
 
 eagles displayed 
 of the 2nd. 
 
 Hardinge, John 
 
 Admitted 1594; Barrister 1600 
 1617 ; Autumn Reader 1620. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Or, on a bend az. 
 3 martlets arg. ; 
 on a sinister can- 
 ton [az.] a rose 
 of the field. 
 
 [f. 182] 
 Arg. 3 martlets CoOpei, Ralph 
 
 gu. on a chief Admitted 1595 
 
 engr. of the 2nd, ri i 
 
 as many annulets ID17 ; Lent Reader 1620. 
 
 of the held. 
 
 Azure, a f ess arg. Fish, William; knt. 
 
 over all a bend Admitted I S9 S i Barrister 1600; Ancient 
 
 gu. charged with t-. i ^ a . t. i 
 
 6 mullets or. 1 6 1 7 ; Benchcr 1 6 1 9 ; Autumn Reader 
 
 1621. 
 
 Barrister 1601 : Ancient 
 
 Per fess az. and Locke, ThomaS 
 
 chan<^d''°^d'''3 Admitted 1596; Barrister 1600; Ancient 
 falcons rising of 1617; Lent Reader 1 62 1 . 
 
 2nd. 
 
 Quarterly ; arg. 
 
 and gu. over all a 
 
 bend [purpmx']. 
 
 [•303, row 5.] 
 
 Callis, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1596; Barrister 1601 ; Ancient 
 1617 ; Autumn Reader 1622; Serj* 1627. 
 JVo Lent Readittg. 
 
 Or,+ on a fess Crawley, Francis; knt. 
 gu.bctw. three Admitted 1598 ; Barrister 
 
 storks [ppr.] as 
 many cross-cros- 
 lets of the field. 
 [•303, row 3] 
 
 16. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 1617 ; Bencher 1622; Autumn Reader 
 1623; Serj' 1623; Just. C. P. 1632. 
 
 Gu.asaitirearg. Dsnuy, William ; knt. 
 
 betw. 12 crosses Admitted 1S08; Barrister 16..; Ancient 
 
 pattt^es or. -. t^ , . ~,r ■ i 
 
 1622; Lent Reader 1623; Knight 1627. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines jfuridiciales. 
 
 t In tlic M.S. the birds are made or, and the field left plain, or 
 argent. Tliis is false heraldry. 
 
 F 2
 
 68 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Quarterly, arg. Fcasailt, Petei 
 
 ?"ssdanceSf Admitted i6o2; Barrister 1608; Ancient 
 the 2nd and or. 1622; Benchcr 1623; Autumn Reader 
 
 [f. 182 b.] 
 
 sa. a chev. betw. Wrightiiiffton, Edwaid; knt. 
 
 3 cross -croslets ai-,,i -r> • ^ a-j. 
 
 fitohyor. Admitted 1597; Barrister ....; Ancient 
 
 1617 ; Bencher 1637. 
 
 He refused to read. 
 
 Gu. a chev. betw. Hudson, WiUiam 
 
 let^'^ntert^ed Admitted 1601; Barrister 1605; Ancient 
 
 paiewaysor. ,522 ; Bencher 1 623 ; Lent Reader 1624. 
 
 No Reading the whole year because of Plague. 
 
 [Shield blank.] Jenkins, David 
 
 Admitted 1602; Barrister 1609; Ancient 
 1622 ; Bencher 1660. 
 
 He refused to read. 
 
 Arg.amasciesa. Osbaldstoii, Richard ; knt. 
 
 kte^' ^'"''^^ ^^'' Admitted 1604; Barrister 16.. ; Ancient 
 1622; Autumn Reader 1626; King's At- 
 torney Ireland 1626. 
 
 Arg.achev.betw. Finch, Nathaniel 
 
 sabi™'''^''''''''* Admitted 1604; Barrister 1611 ; Ancient 
 [*303, roji- 4] 1622; Bencher 1635; Serj'1636; King's 
 serj* 1640. 
 
 He did not read, 
 
 [f- 183] 
 
 Az. six lions (3, Sherland, Christopher 
 
 L^g'!'^aldTcan- Admitted 1604; Barrister 161 7; Ancient 
 
 tonenn. 1622; Lent Reader 1626. 
 
 * Du^dale's Origines furidiciales .
 
 READERS 69 
 
 Azuro, two bows Godbold, Joh.Il 
 
 staing in saitire Admitted 1 604 ; Barrister i6..; Ancient 
 [*303,row4] ibzz ] Autumn Reader 1627; Serj' 1636. 
 
 Sa. a bend betw. Clopton, William 
 
 tde°3*Senr'^^ Admitted 1605; Barrister i6ii; Ancient 
 1624; Lent Reader 1627. 
 
 Gu.achev.betw. Fullwood, Christopher 
 
 3muUetearg. Admitted 1605; Barrister i6.. ; Ancient 
 
 1622 ; Autumn Reader 1628. 
 
 [Gu.]t a bend Whistler, John 
 
 2"'uolspts3 Admitted 1602; Barrister 1611; Ancient 
 
 [argentj. 1622 ; Lent Reader 1628. 
 
 Party per chev. 
 
 arg.andgn.three Brickendine, Thomas 
 
 roses counter- .,.,, -!-.• ^ k ■ . 
 
 changed, on a Admitted 1 605 ; Bamstcr i6..; Ancient 
 S'lsmanrcres- ^^" ' ^utumn Reader 1629. 
 
 cents or. 
 
 [In pencil a bird MorO, Johll 
 
 ScrieSS Admitted 1605; Barrister 16 14; Ancient 
 1627 ; Lent Reader 1629. 
 
 Alo Autufnn Reading. 
 
 [f. 183 b.] 
 Sa a cross engr. BailkeS, Jolui; knt. 
 
 erm. betw. four Admitted 1607; Barrister 1614; Ancient 
 
 fleur»-ae-lis or. -r\ y , t t-> j /- 
 
 [•303, roi/j 5] 1627 ; Bencher 1629 ; Lent Reader 1030; 
 Knight 1631 ; Att. Gen. 1634; Chief Just. 
 C. P. 1640. 
 
 Gu. on a cross or DiggS, Dudly; kilt. 
 
 Syed'slbie'^" Admitted 161 7; Bencher 1630; Master 
 
 [•363,roi«2] of the Rolls 1638. 
 
 * Dugdale's Orig. Jur. t This coat is sketched in pencil only.
 
 70 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Az. achev. betw. 
 3 swans rising 
 arg. billed una 
 membered gules. 
 
 Ermines, on a 
 cross quarter 
 pierced arg. four 
 f era -de - moulin 
 Ba. 
 
 Az. a cbev. betw. 
 3 pairs of ■wings 
 conjoined and 
 addorsed or. 
 
 1*303, row 3] 
 
 Or, 3 piles (the 
 centre one wavj') 
 vert : a border 
 az. bezantee. 
 
 Argent, a bend 
 (plain) betw. two 
 cotises engr. sa- 
 ble : a mullet of 
 1st charged with 
 cresc. gu. as difP. 
 [*303, row 3] 
 
 [f. 184] 
 Az. six bezants 
 (3, 2 and 1). 
 
 Arg. on a fess 
 engi'. betw. 3 es- 
 cutcheons (2 & 1) 
 gu. as many mid- 
 lets or. 
 
 [*301, row 3] 
 
 [Pencil sketch in- 
 dicating the coat : 
 Or, fretty sable, 
 on each joint a 
 plate.] 
 
 Arg. a chev. gu. 
 betw. 10 cross- 
 croslets (4, 2, 1, 
 2 and 1) sable. 
 
 Wolrich, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1606; Barrister 1613 ; Ancient 
 1627 ; Autumn Reader 1630. 
 
 Tournour, Timothy 
 
 Admitted 1606; Barrister 1611; Ancient 
 1627 ; Lent Reader 1631 ; Serj' 1669. 
 
 Eeve, Edmund; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1608; Barrister 161.; Ancient 
 1627; Autumn Reader 1632; Serj' 1636; 
 Just. C. P. 1638. 
 
 Brian, Joseph 
 
 Admitted 1607; Barrister 1617 ; Ancient 
 1627; Lent Reader 1632. 
 
 Whitfield, Ralph; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1607; Barrister 161.; Ancient 
 1627 ; Autumn Reader 1633; King's serj' 
 1635. 
 
 Rumsey, Walter 
 
 Admitted 1603; Barrister 1608; Ancient 
 1622 ; Bencher 1631 ; Lent Reader 1633. 
 
 Bacon, Francis 
 
 Admitted 1607; Barrister 1615 ; Ancient 
 1627; Autumn Reader 1634; Serj*^ 1640; 
 Just. K. B. 1642. 
 
 Piatt, John 
 
 Admitted 1607; Barrister 1613 ; Ancient 
 1627 ; Lent Reader 1634. 
 
 Procter, Richard 
 
 Admitted 1608; Barrister 16 14; Ancient 
 1627; Bencher 1633; Autumn Reader 
 1635 ; Master of Chancery 1665. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales .
 
 READERS 71 
 
 Aig. [for enn] Beddingfield, Thomas; knt. 
 
 played liiea.'^'''" Admitted 1608; Barrister 161 5; Ancient 
 
 1627; Lent Reader 1635; Attorney of 
 
 Duchy of Lane. 1636. 
 
 No Reading the whole year because of the Plague. 
 Quarterly, or and EveiS, SampSOn ; knt. 
 
 ^. onabendsa. Admitted 1610; Barrister 1617; Ancient 
 
 3 GscaUops axg. _ -r* i 
 
 163 1 ; Bencher 1635 ; Lent Reader 1637 5 
 King's serj' 1640. 
 
 Az. a Uon ram- HughcS, ThomaS 
 
 pant or. Admitted 1605; Barrister 16..; Ancient 
 
 1632; Bencher 1635; Autumn Reader 
 
 1637. 
 [f. 184 b.] 
 Arg'. 3 bars ne- Keble, Richard 
 
 ^tongu.a°cre8- Admitted 1609; Barrister 16 14; Ancient 
 center. 1632 ; Lent Reader 1638; Serj' 1648. 
 
 chequy, or and Ward, "William 
 
 a^^a bend er- Admitted 1 6 1 o ; Barrister 1 6 1 6 ; Ancient 
 1632; Autumn Reader 1639. 
 
 f A lion rampant Thomes, Richard 
 
 dL^R-obabiy,*sa' Admitted 16 10; Barrister 161 7; Ancient 
 a lion rampant i6i2; Lent Reader 1639. 
 
 Sa. on a f ess wavy Ladd, Robert 
 
 aaiops'as man'; Admitted 1610; Barrister 1617 ; Ancient 
 
 sheidrakesar- 1632; Autumn Reader 1640. 
 
 gent. 
 
 Quarterly, arg. Widdrington, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 8^ble^n^hc^T.^t Admitted 1618; Barrister i6..; Ancient 
 
 a mullet for dif- 1639 ; Bcnchcr 1 639 ; Lent Reader 1640 ; 
 
 *"T*363, rou- 2] Knight 1640; Serj^ 1641. 
 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 [Indication in 
 pencil of a chev. 
 engr.betw.31ions 
 rampant.] 
 
 Thorpe, Francis 
 
 Admitted 1610; 
 1632; Bencher 
 1 64 1. 
 
 Barrister 1621 ; Ancient 
 1640 ; Autumn Reader 
 
 Gules, on a chief 
 arg. two mullets 
 sable. 
 
 [f. 185.] 
 
 Or, 3 escocheons 
 (2 & 1) sable; 
 each charged 
 with a pheon of 
 the field. 
 
 Bacon, Nathaniell 
 
 Admitted 1 6 1 1 ; Barrister 1 6 1 7 ; Ancient 
 1632; Lent Reader 1641. 
 
 Parker, John 
 
 Admitted 161 1 ; Barrister 161 7; Ancient 
 1638; Bencher 1640; Autumn Reader 
 1640; Serj' 1642; Bar. Exch. 1658 or 1659. 
 Baro^' Scaccarii tempore usurpationis Crom- 
 welliancB, viz^ Anno 1658 vel 1659. 
 I find his arms in the windows elsewhere 
 to be Ermine a buck's head caboshed 
 Gules. Hannah his daughter was married 
 to Edward Segar (brother to Simon Segar 
 author of this Collection son of Capt. 
 Thomas Segar (R. Car i™°) son of S' 
 William Segar King c f Arms) who had two 
 daughters by him ; one, married to Kollan ; 
 the other, Mary wife of Mynh. Gerard Van 
 Estervege a Burgo Master of Amsterdam. 
 
 In viginti annorum intervallo Bellis qua- 
 quaversus aestuantibus, Pr^lectores 
 nullos habuimus in Aula. Adeo enim 
 civiles csedes, et strages vbique grassa- 
 bantur ut Rex ipse Carolus Primus a 
 Parliamento tunc regnante, capite plec- 
 teretur, et Carolus Secundus a Regnis 
 eliminatus sit : Quo Restaurato Leges 
 Legumque Prjelectores publicis rursus 
 munijs fungebantur. 
 
 * The words from " Baro " to " Amsterdam " are added in a 
 different hand.
 
 READERS 
 
 /o 
 
 [Amis not co- 
 loured: (Sa.) 
 eleven roundels 
 betw. two flaim- 
 ches (arg.).] 
 
 [*303, row 4] 
 
 Spelman, Clement 
 
 Admitted 1613; Barrister 1624; Ancient 
 1638; Bencher 1660; Baron Exch. 1662. 
 He did not read. 
 
 Ermine, a saltire Armyne, Evre 
 
 chSf orthe^lnd Admitted 16 16; Barrister 1622; Ancient 
 a lion passant or. 1 645 ; Bcnchcr 1 648 ; Autumn Reader 
 1661. 
 
 No Lent Reading. 
 
 [f. 185 b.] 
 Ermine, a cross AfClier, John ; knt. 
 
 ^'^^^[*303, row 3] Admitted 1617 ; Barrister 1626; Ancient 
 1645; Bencher 1648; Serj* 1660; Just. 
 C. P. 1663. 
 
 He did 7iot read. 
 
 Gu.onachiefarg. BaCOIl, FrailCis 
 
 2 mullets sable. Admitted 1618 
 
 164s ; 
 1662. 
 
 Barrister 1626; Ancient 
 Bencher 1648 ; Autumn Reader 
 
 Per chev. or and Edgar, ThomaS 
 
 fleurs'^de*]i^*gu^ Admitted 1619; Barrister 1625; Ancient 
 inbaso5iozcns-es 1645 ; Bcnchcr 1 64Q ; Lcut Reader 1662. 
 
 in less, on each an 
 escallop of last. 
 
 Gu. three lions' 
 gambs erased 
 arg. 
 
 [*303, row 5] 
 
 Newdegate, Richard 
 
 Admitted 1620; Barrister 1628; Ancient 
 1645 ; Bencher 1649 ; Serj* 1660. 
 He did not read. 
 
 Qu. 3 crescents Dallison, Charles ; knt, 
 i'in'e"^^. Admitted 1619 ; Barrister . . . 
 [•303, row 4j ; Bcnchcr ; Serj' 1660. 
 
 He did not recui. 
 
 Ancient 
 
 Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 74 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Az. adexterhand 
 erect couped arg. ; 
 a crescent or for 
 difference. 
 
 [•303, row 5] 
 
 Sa. in bend bet w. 
 2 bendlets arg. 3 
 walnut leaves or; 
 a mullet or for 
 difference. 
 
 [*303, row 4] 
 
 [f. 1 86] 
 
 Gu. on a f ess arg. 
 betw. 3 crescents 
 or as many escal- 
 lops az. 
 
 Gu. a lion ram- 
 pant ermine ; a 
 crescent arg. for 
 difference. 
 
 Sa. on a fess gu. 
 betw. 3 eagles' 
 heads erased arg. 
 as many escal- 
 lops or. 
 
 Az. on a chev. 
 arg. betw. 3 cres- 
 cents erm. 2 lions 
 guardant com- 
 batant gu. 
 
 Or, a bend betw. 
 6 martlets sable 
 cresc. for diif. 
 
 Broome, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1622; Barrister 1627; Ancient 
 . . . . ; Bencher . . . . ; Serj' 1660. 
 He did not read. 
 
 Waller, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1622; Barrister 1631; Ancient 
 1645 ; Bencher 1654; Serj* 1660. 
 He did not read. 
 
 Ellis, WilUam 
 
 Admitted 1627; Barrister 1634; Ancient 
 1650; Bencher 1654; Autumn Reader 
 1663 ; Serj* 1669. 
 
 Hardres, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1629; Barrister 1636; Ancient 
 1654; Bencher 1659; Lent Reader 1663; 
 Serj* 1669. 
 
 Willimott, Nicholas 
 
 Admitted 1630; Barrister 1637; Ancient 
 1654; Bencher 1659; Autumn Reader 
 1664 ; Serj'' 1669. 
 
 Flynt, Thomas 
 
 Admitted 1631 ; Barrister 1637 ; Ancient 
 1654; Bencher 1661 ; Lent Reader 1664; 
 Serj* 1669. 
 
 Luttrell, Francis 
 
 Admitted 1631 ; Barrister 1642; Ancient 
 1654; Bencher 1664; Reader elect 1665. 
 He did not read. 
 
 No Reading the whole year because of the Plague 
 and Fire of London. 
 
 No Lent Reading for the causes above said. 
 * Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales.
 
 READERS 
 
 75 
 
 Az. a bend botw. 
 6 leopards' faces 
 or. 
 
 [f. i86 b.] 
 
 [Indication in 
 pencil of — Per 
 chev. 2 sickles 
 (points dexter) in 
 chief and a bird 
 in base.] 
 
 Lehunt, William 
 
 Admitted 1633 ; 
 1658; Bencher 
 1667. 
 
 No Lent Reading. 
 
 Barrister 1642; Ancient 
 1664; Autumn Reader 
 
 Sicklemore, Jolm 
 
 Admitted 1633 ; 
 1658 ; Bencher 
 1668. 
 
 Barrister 1640; Ancient 
 1 664 ; Autumn Reader 
 
 Azure, three qua- VillCent, Jollll 
 
 Mgent/^^""^^^ Admitted 1636; Barrister 1648; Ancient 
 1658; Bencher 1668; Lent Reader 1668. 
 
 Az. a chev. botw. 
 3 wolves' heads 
 erased or. 
 
 Gules, 3 tilting- 
 Bpears (2, 1) erect 
 or, points arg. 
 cresc. for diff. 
 
 Barrister 1641 ; Ancient 
 1669; Autumn Reader 
 
 Jones, Edmund 
 
 Admitted 1637 ; 
 1658; Bencher 
 1669. 
 
 Amhurst, John 
 
 Admitted 1637; Barrister 1645; Ancient 
 1658 ; Bencher 1668 ; Lent Reader 1669. 
 
 Gu. 7 bnmiMs SMpwith, Tho. ; knt. 
 
 arg. on a cluef of a j •./ j ^ o n • , ^ » 
 
 the last a grey- Admitted 1 63 8; Bamstcr 1645; Ancient 
 coZs'Ji'labie^"^^ 1662; Bencher 1668; Autumn Reader 
 1670 ; Knight 1672. 
 
 Per pale, az. and Lane, William 
 
 |u^ 3 siUtii-es ar- Admitted 1 638; Barrister 1647; Ancient 
 1662 ; Lent Reader 1670. 
 
 Arp. a pile az. 
 over all a chev. 
 sable, counter- 
 changed of the 
 ticld. 
 
 [f. 187] 
 
 Or.inbendbctw. 
 2 cotises 3 eagles 
 displayed sable. 
 
 Ottway, John; knt. 
 
 Achiiittcd 1638; Barrister 1649; Ancient 
 1662; Autumn Reader 1671; Knight 1673. 
 
 Raworth, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1633; Barrister 1640; Ancient 
 1658 ; Bencher 1664.
 
 76 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Erm.aiionram- Pickeringe, Robert 
 
 orarme'dTnd Admitted 1 639; Barrister 1645; Ancient 
 
 langued gules. 1662; Lent Reader 1 67 1 . 
 
 No Reading the whole year 1672. 
 
 Gu. on a bend Shafto, Robeit ; knt. 
 
 ^j} mullets Admitted 1648; Barrister 1659; Ancient 
 
 1662 ; Knight 1669 ; Bencher 1671 ; 
 
 Autumn Reader 1673; Serj' 1675. 
 
 [Shield blank.] Rigby, Edward 
 
 Admitted 1641 ; Barrister 1649; Ancient 
 1662 ; Bencher 1671 ; Lent Reader 1673 ; 
 Serj* 1675. 
 
 [Shield blank.] Jones, WiUiam ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 1647; Barrister 1654; King's 
 Councell and knt. 1671 ; Bencher 1671 ; 
 King's Sol. Gen. 1673 ; Autumn Reader 
 1674 ; King's Att. Gen. 1675. 
 
 [Shield blank.] Holt, ThomaS 
 
 Admitted 1634; Barrister 16.. ; Ancient 
 1662 ; Bencher 1671 ; Lent Reader 1674. 
 [f. 187 b.] 
 [Shield* blank.] Giegory, William [of Fownehope, co. Here- 
 ford]. 
 Admitted 1640; Barrister 1650; Ancient 
 1667 ; Bencher 1673 ; Autumn Reader 
 1675. 
 
 * "Or, 2 bars az., in chief a lion passant of the last" borne by 
 Gregory in Strong's Heraldry of Herefordshire.
 
 ADMISSIONS 77 
 
 The decline of Readings in the Inns of Court, is 
 thus noted in the Autobiography of Sir John Bramston 
 ( 1 6 1 1 - 1 700) — Camden Society, 1 845 . Writing of Henry 
 Mildmay, Serjeant-at-law, Bramston remarks — " And 
 here I cannot slip observing the difference of the tymes. 
 He read twice before he was a Serjeant. Now since 
 the restitution of the Kinge, more are called to be 
 Serjeants that never read at all then that have read 
 once. . . . Formerly they read constantly a fortnight, 
 since but a week, and at this tyme readings are totally 
 in all the inns of court layd aside ; and to speake truth, 
 with great reason, for it was a step once to the dignitie 
 of a Serjeant, but not soe now." 
 
 (©rtrergs for ^obcvnmcnt 
 
 In old times, an introductory course of study in one of 
 the Inns of Chancery was indispensable to admission to 
 an Inn of Court. The payment on admittance to the 
 Society of Gray's Inn, concerning which there are 
 several orders, was in 8 Eliz., 40^'. The next year the 
 rate for admissions was raised to £^ : ds. Sd., excepting 
 to those of the Societies of Barnard's Inn and Staple 
 Inn, who were to pay but 40^. In 12 Eliz., " there was 
 a further order made in these cases of admittance, 
 which referred the setting of the fine thereupon to the 
 judgment of the Treasurer and Readers of the House, 
 to be by them adjudged at a Pension or Cupboard. In 
 14 Eliz., it was ordained that one of the sons of every 
 double Reader should be admitted without any fine at
 
 78 GRAY'S INN 
 
 all ; and that one of the sons of other Readers should 
 be thenceforth admitted for the half of the fine. And 
 in 23 Eliz., there was an order made that every person 
 thenceforth to be admitted should himself personally 
 require such his admittance of the fellowship. In 
 I Jac, upon signification of the King's command- 
 ment by the Judges, that thenceforth none should be 
 admitted of this Society except he were a Gentleman of 
 Descent, until his Majesties pleasure were farther known ; 
 it was ordered that none should be admitted therein 
 unless his name were first delivered to the Pension ; to 
 the end that consideration might be had of his quality 
 until the next Pension, and then to be admitted if he 
 were fit" {Orig. Jiirid. 273-4). 
 
 After the young student had been admitted three 
 years, he became an Inner-Barrister of his Inn. The 
 next grade was that of Utter-Barrister ; and in 1 3 Eliz. 
 it was ordered " for the better fitting of such as 
 should take upon them the degree of Utter-Barrister in 
 this House, that thenceforth none should be called to 
 the Barr, or eligible for an Utter-Barrister, before he 
 had twice mooted in the Hall, or as often in some Inne 
 of Chancery, as also who had or should argue twice 
 at the Skreen in the Library at times mootible. And 
 after this Exercise by him performed, and Certificate 
 thereupon made at the next Pension, he should thence- 
 forth be eligible for Utter- Barrister and not before ; 
 and his name entered into the Register by the Steward." 
 
 After being called, they were bound to "keep three 
 learned vacations next and immediately following their
 
 ADMISSIONS 79 
 
 said calling, as well to sit at the Readings, as otherwise 
 to serve the Houses of Chancery during the Readings, 
 upon penalty of 40^. for their default." In 22 Eliz. it 
 was ordered " that none should come to any Barr at 
 Westminster to Plead, nor set his name to any Parle, 
 unless he had been allowed an Utter-Barrister by the 
 space of five years before, and continued that time in 
 Exercise of Learning, or Read in an Inne of Chancery 
 by the space of two years before, at the least" {Orig. 
 Jurid. 281). 
 
 What was required before any one could enter an Inn 
 of Court, may be seen by the following extract from 
 Feme's '' Blazoji 0/ Gentrie,'' 4to. 1586: — "Nobleness 
 of blood, joyned with virtue, compteth the person as 
 most meet to the enterprizing of any publick service ; 
 and for that cause it was not for nought that our antient 
 Governors in this land, did with a special foresight and 
 wisdom provide, that none should be admitted into the 
 Houses of Court, being Seminaries, sending forth men 
 apt to the Government of Justice, except he were a 
 gentlemen of blood. And that this may seem a truth, 
 I myself have seen a Kalendar of all those which were 
 together in the Society of one of the same Houses, 
 about the last year of King Henry the Fifth, with the 
 Amies of their House and Family marshalled by their 
 names ; and I assure you, the selfsame monument doth 
 both approve them all, to be gentlemen of perfect 
 descents."
 
 8o GRAY'S INN 
 
 Something more should be said as to the institution 
 of " Moots," which formerly used to bear a considerable 
 part in the mechanism of legal education at the Inns of 
 Court.*' In connection with Gray's Inn, the subject 
 possesses especial interest. In the Tudor and Stuart 
 periods the exercises of the law were here conducted 
 with the greatest vigour, under the fostering care of 
 Bacon ; and in our own time, the institution of the Moot 
 has been again revived in Gray's Inn, with immediate 
 success and abundant promise of duration. 
 
 The return made to Henry VIII., mentioned on 
 p. 30, thus describes, " The ordering and fashion of 
 Motj'ing" : — "The Reader, with two Benchers, or one 
 at the least, cometh into the Hall to the Cuboard, and 
 there most commonly one of the Utter-Barresters pro- 
 poundeth unto them some doubtful Case, the which 
 every of the Benchers in their ancienties argue, and last 
 of all he that moved ; this done, the Readers and 
 Benchers sit down on the bench in the end of the Hall, 
 whereof they take their name, and on a forme toward 
 the midst of the Hall sitteth down two Inner-Barresters, 
 and of the other side of them on the same forme, two 
 Utter Barresters, and the Inner-Barresters doe in French 
 openly declare unto the Benchers (even as the Serjeants 
 
 * An interesting account ' ' of the Studies of the fouie Innes of 
 Court " is given by Stowe (Annals, p. 1073).
 
 MOOTS 8 1 
 
 doe at the barr in the King's Courts, to the Judges) 
 some kinde of Action, the one being as it were retained 
 with the Plaintiff in the Action, and the other with the 
 Defendant, after which things done, the Utter-Barresters 
 argue such questions as be disputable within the Case 
 (as there must be always one at the least) and this 
 ended, the Benchers doe likewise declare their opinions 
 how they think the Law to be in the same questions, and 
 this manner of exercise of Moting, is daily used, during 
 the said Vacations. This is always observed amongst 
 them, that in their open disputations, the youngest of 
 continuance argueth first ; whether he be Inncr- 
 Barrestcr, or Utter-Barrester, or Bencher, according to 
 the forme used amongst the Judges and Serjeants." 
 
 "The subject of the Mootings," says Mr. Macqueen, 
 " were feigned cases thrown into the form of pleadings, 
 which were generally opened by a student, and followed 
 up by an utter barrister. The debate was then taken in 
 hand by the cupboard-men,* with whom, likewise the 
 Benchers contested. And finally the Reader himself, 
 high over all, closed the discussion by delivering his 
 opinion. The avowed object of these exercitations was, 
 to promote the faculty of ready speaking. To secure 
 this end, the disputants were kept in ignorance of the 
 topic until called upon to discuss it. The case drawn 
 
 * A superior order of disputants, so called from the cupboard, 
 wliich, during exercises in the Hall, was used as a Tribune for the 
 convenience of speakers. 
 
 D. G
 
 82 GRAY'S INN 
 
 up by the Reader was laid under the salt-cellar before 
 meals ; and none were to look into it upon pain of 
 expulsion from the Society." 
 
 Fulbecke, in his Preparative to the Study of the Law 
 (p. 41, ed. 1620), says, "Gentlemen students of the Law 
 ought by domesticall Moots to exercise and conforme 
 themselves to greater and waighter attempts, for it is a 
 point of warlike policie, as appeareth by Vegethis, to 
 traine younge souldiours by sleight and small skirmishes 
 for more valorous and haughty proceedings, for such a 
 shadowed kind of contention doth open the way and 
 give courage unto them to argue matters in publicke 
 place and Courts of Recorde." 
 
 Unfortunately for the continuance of this means of 
 education, the Moot was bound up with a semi-conventual 
 mode of life, which fell into disfavour. The desire, 
 attributed to Lord Clarendon and Sir Matthew Hale, to 
 revive the old discipline after the shock it had received 
 during the troublous times of the seventeenth century, 
 if it existed, was ineffectual to the attainment of that 
 object. At Gray's Inn, as we shall more particularly 
 show in a later page, Mootings were eventually restored 
 to a place of usefulness, and for these exercises, which 
 Stow calls "boltas," "mootes," and "putting of cases," 
 Gray's Inn was particularly conspicuous of old. In 12 
 Elizabeth it was ordered, "that from henceforth in 
 Hilary term and Midsummer Term, the Mootes should 
 be kept three dayes in every week, viz., Monday, 
 Tuesday and Thursday, if none of those days were 
 Holy-day, and if so, then the next following, and that
 
 MOOTS 83 
 
 the case be always assigned upon Sunday after supper. 
 As also that upon the other days not appointed for the 
 Mooting, it should be lawful for the Utter-Barristers to 
 keep Bolts ; and when they shall sit, other Students to 
 be bound to put cases according as had been accustomed 
 in Michaelmas Term." "Grand Mootes" were kept on 
 Tuesdays and Thursdays: "Petit Mootes" on Wednes- 
 days and Fridays. 
 
 In 16 Elizabeth, " Bolts" were enjoined to be held in 
 every Term on non-moot days ; " other than on Holy- 
 days and half Holy-days ; upon penalty that every Utter- 
 Barrister then in Commons should forfeit for the not 
 keeping of every Bolt 3^-. 5^." And also " that every 
 Utter-Barrister assigned in the Moot, who should not 
 moot in proper person that week, to forfeit ten 
 shillings." 
 
 In 21 Elizabeth, there was an order made, that the 
 Readers of Chancery should as well keep their Readings 
 as their Mootes according to the Ancient Orders therein 
 used. 
 
 In 36 Elizabeth, " None shall be called to the barr but 
 such as be of convenient continuance, and have per- 
 formed exercises for three years before they be called, 
 that is to say, Have gone abroad to Grand IMootcs six 
 times. Have mooted at the Utter-Barr in the Library 
 six times, and have put Cases at Bolts in Term six times, 
 and thereof bring due certificates ; of the first from the 
 Reader, the ancient that goeth with him, and the 
 Principall in the Inns of Chancery ; of the second, from 
 
 G 2
 
 84 GRAY'S INN 
 
 those two that sit at the Bench ; and of the third, from 
 those three that sit at the Bolt." 
 
 In 1 63 1 it was ordered, "that the fourth Butler shall 
 always hereafter keep a Book wherein the exercises of 
 the Gentlemen under the Bar shall be set down and 
 recorded in manner following, viz., for the exercises 
 abroad at the Inns of Chancery, the surveyor of the 
 Moots shall certify every several Exercise performed. 
 And for the Moots performed in the Library, the 
 ancients and Barristers that shall sit at the Case, shall 
 subscribe to the names of those that mooted before them 
 in the aforesaid book ; to the which end the Butler is to 
 attend the Barrister with the book upon every such 
 occasion." 
 
 As a curious relic of the times, it may be mentioned, 
 that in the same year, in connexion with these disputa- 
 tions, the Butler was ordered " to be set in ye stocks 
 about noon, for putting Mr. Frowle up to Moot in his 
 wrong." 
 
 " About the end of the seventeenth century," says 
 Lord Campbell in his evidence before the Select Com- 
 mittee on Legal Education, 1846, "the Mootings and 
 the Exercises fell gradually into disuse, or were con- 
 tinued merely as matters of form, but long before them 
 the system had been declining, and Lord Bacon had 
 lamented that there was not a better system of education 
 in the Inns of Court, and had contemplated the founda- 
 tion of a University in London, which was to be chiefly 
 devoted to the acquisition of juridical knowledge, and 
 fitting men for public life."
 
 MOOTS 85 
 
 The revival of Moots as a means of tuition within the 
 Inns of Court, appears to have been discussed from time 
 to time in the earlier part of the present century, at 
 which time, forensic practice for students, was afforded 
 only by societies composed of students of the Four 
 Inns, which met periodically in Lyons Inn Hall. 
 
 Lord Sherbrooke (then Mr. Robert Lowe) expressed 
 before the Commission on the Inns of Court, in 1855, 
 an opinion that " the old system of putting cases might 
 be revived with great benefit." But at that time. Read- 
 ings had been re-established in the Inns; at Gray's Inn, 
 Mr. Lewis, the Society's Reader on Conveyancing, had 
 lectured and conducted mootings for several years with 
 great success. 
 
 In an article on Legal Education, in the Law 
 Magazine and Review (vi. 5) it is said the holding of 
 moots is "calculated to work much good amongst the 
 students. A habit of discussing legal questions, of 
 citing and tersely dealing with decided cases, must be 
 got sooner or later by every proficient at the bar. Why, 
 then, should not facilities for acquiring this habit be 
 afforded by the Inns of Court for their alumni } Why 
 should intelligent and willing students be remitted to 
 debating societies, there to acquire a habit which may 
 more properly and more methodically be fostered in 
 our legal colleges ?" 
 
 In the year 1875, a voluntary movement took place 
 among the members of Gray's Inn for the resucitation 
 of these ancient and useful exercises. The proposal 
 was enthusiastically received by the Students and Bar-
 
 86 GRAY'S INN 
 
 risters, and it was as warmly embraced and aided by the 
 Masters of the Bench. 
 
 Since this time, the Moot Society of Gray's Inn has 
 been conducted with a perfect measure of success which 
 demonstrates the high utility of the experimental prac- 
 tice it affords. It has not been confined in its scope 
 to members of the Inn, although the necessary expenses 
 of its maintenance have been defrayed by the Society. 
 All members of the Inns of Court are invited to be 
 present at, and to take part in, the arguments. To the 
 students of Gray's Inn, it is a point of honour to provide 
 for the due discussion of every Case presented for 
 argument before this tribunal ; but barristers as well as 
 students of the other Inns, usually take part on one side 
 or the other. Argument, and not debate, is the function 
 of the Society. The discussions are strictly legal, and 
 by way of still further familiarizing the student with the 
 practice of his profession, the proceedings are con- 
 ducted as nearly as possible like those of the Supreme 
 Court of Judicature. 
 
 Virtually, as we have said, the practice is the same as 
 that of a Court of Appeal. At each sitting, a new case 
 is argued, the case being stated for argument by the 
 President of the Sitting — some eminent lawyer who 
 has accepted the invitation of the Society, through the 
 Benchers, to accept the office of presiding judge for the 
 occasion. Two Moots take place in each Term. 
 Commonly the case which has been propounded, is 
 printed a week or more before the sitting at which the 
 argument takes place, and very frequently, the point
 
 MOOTS 87 
 
 involved, is one which has arisen and upon which final 
 judgment is pending in the Supreme Court ; and 
 copies of the printed case are screened for some days 
 in the libraries and Halls of the four Inns. As in old 
 times, the Moot is held in the Hall, an hour after 
 dinner. The Court is constituted of, besides the Presi- 
 dent, the Masters of the Bench. All taking part in 
 the proceedings are attired in their gowns. The case, 
 having been duly read, is argued by two as counsel on 
 each side, with the same strictness as in the Supreme 
 Court, and subject to the same judicial authority, the 
 President and Masters applying by their questions a 
 crucial test of the thoroughness with which the moot 
 case has been considered and prepared. The judgment 
 of the Court is delivered by the President, and duly re- 
 corded in the Moot-Book of the Society. During the 
 last few years increasing interest has been taken in the 
 Moots, and the lists of Presidents contain the names 
 of some of the most distinguished Queen's Counsel 
 now practising at the Bar, who have unanimously testi- 
 fied to the great importance of discussions of this cha- 
 racter in the training of students. 
 
 Every year a meeting of the Moot Society is held, at 
 which officers are elected by the votes of the barristers 
 and students being members of the Society. From 
 the commencement of the Society, his Honour Judge 
 Russell, the Master of the Library, has been its honorary 
 president, and as such is official president of these an- 
 nual meetings, at which others of the Masters of the 
 Bench are also generally present.
 
 88 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Ancient (^^rSjtriS. 
 
 Some of the ancient orders for the government of the 
 Inns of Court are very curious. It would appear from 
 an Order made by Cardinal Wolsey in the reign of 
 Henry the Eighth, that the freedom of the young 
 students required to be put under some restraint. The 
 Ancients of the Inns of Court, with the Readers and 
 Principals of all the Inns of Chancery, having been 
 summoned before the Star Chamber, it was " advised 
 them that they should not from thenceforth suffer the 
 gentlemen students among them to be out of theire 
 Houses after six of the clock in the night, without very 
 great and necessary causes, nor to weare upon them 
 any manner of weapon." That these gentlemen were 
 sometimes in disgrace for disorderly conduct, is evident 
 from the petition of the students of Gray's Inn to the 
 Privy Council {Lansdowne MS. io6, art. 20) : — 
 
 " To the Right honorable the Lordes & others Of her 
 Ma*"^ most honorable pryvie Counsell. 
 
 " Most humblie shewen unto yo' LL : That whereas 
 we Thomas Lutterrell and others Studentes in Grayes 
 Inne throughe o' unadvised facte in defacinge Woodes 
 Stake, have incurred yo"" Hono'^ heavye displeasure for 
 w"^"" we are more greeved then for our present Imprison-
 
 ANCIENT ORDERS 89 
 
 mciit. Wee therefore w**" sorowfull and submissive 
 myndes most humblie beseache your LL : of your ac- 
 customed goodnesses to have favorable considerac'on 
 of us in this case and to measure the matter w*^ our 
 meaninge, w'^'' was voide of gyvinge any cause of Offence 
 unto your Honours. And all we the said Offendors w*^ 
 others our Fryndes shall remayne bounden unto yo"' LL : 
 in all, by any manner of dutie and service duringe life 
 and assuredlie praye to God for yo^ healthes and 
 happines w*'' encrease of much honor." 
 
 [Endorsed] "The humble petic'on of the Studentes 
 
 of Grayes Inne. 
 Their submission : Humbly praieng y*''' Enlarge- 
 ment." 
 
 Moreover, Pepys, in his Diary, May 19, 1667, records: 
 " Mr. Howe to see us, and among other things, told us 
 how the Barristers and Students of Gray's Inne rose 
 in rebellion against the Benchers the other day, who 
 outlawed them, and a great deal of do ; but now they 
 are at peace again." 
 
 Great attention was paid to dress, and in order to 
 check the grievance of long beards, in 38 Hen. VHL, 
 the Treasurer of the Inner Temple was directed to 
 " confer with the other Treasurers of Court, for an 
 uniform reformation in the length of beards and ex- 
 travagance of apparell, and to know the Justices opinion 
 therein, and thereupon to perform the same." {On'g. 
 fur id. 148.)
 
 90 GRAY'S INN 
 
 In 3 and 4 Philip and Mary (1557), the Inns of Court 
 issued a united Order for the government of their Houses. 
 Under this Order, the Companions, except Knights, or 
 Benchers, are forbidden to wear in their Doublets or 
 Hoses any light colours, except Scarlets or Crimsons ; 
 or wear any upper velvet cap, or any scarf or wings in 
 their gowns, white jerkyns, buskins, or velvet shooes, 
 double cuffs on their shirts, feathers or ribbens in their 
 caps, upon pain to forfeit, for the first default, 3^. ^d., 
 and the second, expulsion without redemption. That 
 none of the Companies of the said Houses shall wear 
 their Study-Gowns into the City any further than Fleet 
 Bridge, Holburn Bridge, or to the Savoy, upon like 
 pain as last before. That none of the said Companies, 
 when they be in Commons, shall wear Spanish Cloak, 
 Sword and Buckler, or Rapier ; or Gowns and Hats ; or 
 Gowns girded with a Dagger on the back, upon the like 
 pain. And no one, under the degree of a Knight, being 
 in Commons, do wear any Beard above three weeks' 
 growing, upon pain of 40^., and so double every week 
 after monition, that he shall be so in Commons {Orig. 
 Jurid. 310 — 1 1.) 
 
 Coming specially to Gray's Inn, it was ordered in 
 16 Eliz. (1574) "that every man of the Society should 
 frame and reform himself for the manner of his Apparel 
 according to the Proclamation then last set forth, and 
 within the time therein limited, else not to be accounted 
 of this House ; and that none of this Society should 
 wear any Gown, Doublet, Hose, or other outward gar-
 
 ANCIENT ORDERS 91 
 
 ment, of any light colour, upon penalty of expulsion." 
 This proclamation is preserved in the very valuable col- 
 lection made by Humfrey Dyson, Clerk of Parliament, 
 in 1 61 8, and preserved in the Grenville Library (6463) 
 at the British Museum. It is as follows : 
 
 "By the Queene. 
 
 "The excesse of apparel, and the superfluitie of un- 
 necessary forreyne wares therto belongyng, nowe of late 
 yeeres is growen by sufferance to suche an extremitie, 
 that the manifest decay, not onely of a great part of the 
 wealth of the whole Realme generally is like to folow, 
 by bringyng into the Realme such superfluities of Silkes, 
 Clothes of gold, Sylver, and other most vaine devices, 
 of so great cost for the quantitie thereof, as of necessitie 
 the moneyes and treasure of the Realme is and muste 
 be yeerely conveyed out of the same ; to answeare the 
 sayde excesse : but also particulerly the wasting and 
 undoyng of a great number of young Gentlemen, other- 
 wise servisable, and others seekyng by shewe of apparel 
 to be esteemed as Gentlemen : who allured by the vayne 
 shewe of those thynges, doo not onely consume them- 
 selves, their goodes, and landes, which their parentes 
 have left unto them, but also runne into suche debtes 
 and shiftes, as they can not lyve out of daunger of 
 lawes, without attemptyng of unlawful actes, whereby 
 they are not any wayes servisable to their Countrey, as 
 otherwise they might be. Whiche great abuses tending 
 both to so manifest a decay of the wealth of the Realme,
 
 92 GRAY'S INN 
 
 and to the mine of a multitude of servisable young men 
 and Gentlemen, and of many good families, the Queenes 
 majestie hath of her own princely wisedome so con- 
 sydered, as shee hath of late with great charge to her 
 Counsell, commaunded the same to be presently and 
 speedily remedied both in her owne Courte, and in all 
 other places of her Realme, accordyng to sundry good 
 Lawes heretofore provided. For reformation whereof, 
 although her hyghnesse myght take great advantage 
 and profite by execution of the sayde Lawes and 
 Statutes : yet of her princely clemencie, her Majestie 
 is content at this tyme to geve warnyng to her loving 
 subjectes to refourme them selves, and not to extende 
 foorth with the rigour of her Lawes, for the offences 
 heretofore past, so as they shal nowe refourme them 
 selves accordyng to such orders, as at this present 
 joyntly with this Proclamation are set foorth, whereby 
 the Statute of the xxiiii. yeere of her Majesties most 
 noble father kyng Henry the eyght, and the Statute 
 made in the seconde yeere of her late deere syster 
 Queene Mary, are in some part moderated, according 
 to this tyme. Wherefore her Majestie willeth and 
 straightly commaundeth all maner of persons in all 
 places, within twelve dayes after the publication of 
 this present Proclamation, to refourme their apparel 
 accordyng to the tenour of certaine articles and clauses 
 taken out of the sayde Statutes, and with some mode- 
 rations annexed to this Proclamation, upon payne of 
 her highnesse indignation, and punishment for their
 
 ANCIENT ORDERS 93 
 
 contemptes, and suche other paynes as in the sayde 
 several Statutes be expressed. 
 
 " For the execution of which orders, her Majestic first 
 geveth special charge to al suche as doo beare office 
 within her most honourable house, to looke unto it, eche 
 person in his degre and office, that the sayde articles and 
 orders be duely observed, and the contrary refourmed 
 in her Majesties Courte, by al them who aie under 
 their office, therby to geve example to the rest of the 
 Realme. And further generally to al Noble men, of 
 what estate or degree soever they be, and al and every 
 person of her privie Counsell. To al Archebishoppes, 
 and Bishoppes, and to the rest of the Clergie, accordyng 
 to their degrees, that they do see the same speedily and 
 duely executed in their private housholdes and families. 
 And to al Mayors, and other head officers of Cities, 
 Townes, and Corporations. To the Chancellers of 
 the Universities, to Governours of Colledges, to the 
 Auncientes and Benchers in every the Innes of the 
 Court and Chauncerie, and generally to all that hath 
 any superioritie or government over and upon any 
 multitude, and eche man in his owne houshold for 
 their children and servantes, that they like wise doo 
 cause the sayd orders to be kept by al lawful meancs 
 that they can. 
 
 "And to the intent the same might be better kept 
 generally throughout al the Realme, her Majestie 
 geveth also speciall charge to all Justices of the peace, 
 to inquire of the defaultes and breakyng of those orders
 
 94 GRAY'S INN 
 
 in their quarter Sessions, and to see them redressed in 
 all open assemblies, by al wise godly and lawful meanes : 
 and also to all Justices of Assises in their Circuites, to 
 cause inquirie, and due presentment to be made at 
 their next Assises, how these orders be kept. And so 
 orderly twice in the yeere at the assise, after eche of 
 their Circuites done, to certifye in writyng to her 
 highnesse privie Counsell, under their handes, with as 
 convenient speede as they may, what hath ben founde 
 and done as wel by the Justices of the Peace in their 
 quarter Sessions, of whom they shall take their certificat 
 for eche quarter Sessions, as also at the Assises, for the 
 observyng of the sayd orders, and reformation of the 
 abuses. Geven at our Manour of Grenewich the xv. day 
 of June in the xvi. yeere of our raigne [1.15 June, 1574.] 
 
 " God saue the Queen. 
 
 [Followed by] 
 
 "A briefe content of certayne clauses of the statute of 
 King Henry the eight, and Queene Mary, with some 
 moderations thereof, to be observed accordyng to her 
 Majesties Proclamation above mentioned [under the 
 heads] Mens apparell and Womens apparell."
 
 ANCIENT ORDERS 
 
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 96 GRAY'S INN 
 
 In 27 Eliz., it was ordered that whatsoever fellow of 
 this House shall, after Midsummer next, wear any Hat 
 in the Hall at Dinner or Supper time, he shall forfeit 
 for any time so offending 3^. ^d. to be cast into com- 
 mons at the next account to the use of this House 
 without any remission. 
 
 An exception was made in the case of Mr. Henry 
 Yelverton an ancient, " in consequence of his infirmitie 
 known to us, it is agreed he shall be tollerated to wear 
 his Hat in the Hall any order to the contrary notwith- 
 standing." 
 
 By order of 42 Eliz. " no gentlemen of this Society 
 shall come into the Hall to any meal with their Hats, 
 neither with Boots or Spurs, but with their Caps 
 decently and orderly according to the ancient orders 
 of this House, upon pain for every offence 3^. ^d., and 
 for the third offence expulsion," and no gentleman of 
 this Society shall go into the City, Suburbs, or to walk 
 into the Fields otherwise than in his Gown, according 
 to the ancient usage of the gentlemen of the Inns of 
 Court, upon pain for every offence ^s. 4^., and for the 
 third offence expulsion and loss of his chamber. 
 
 8 James, "That if any gentleman of this Society shall 
 come into the Common Hall of Grayes Inn to breakfast, 
 dinner, or supper, or to hear any exercise of learning, 
 being booted that then tpso facto he shall be out of 
 commons, and he or they so doing are not to come 
 into commons again untill they have done their Conges.'" 
 
 Among the other ancient Orders of the Society are 
 the following : —
 
 ANCIENT ORDERS 97 
 
 ■'' No laundresses or women called ' victulers ' under 
 40 years of age, shall after this time, come into the 
 chambers of the gentlemen of this house of Grais Inn ; 
 and they shall not send their maids, of whatsoever age 
 they may be, into the said gentlemen's chambers, on 
 pain that the gentleman acting to the contrary shall for 
 the first offence be out of commons, and for the second 
 out of the Inn. 
 
 " None of the officers of this house shall have or enjoy 
 his office any longer than he shall keep himself sole 
 and unmarried, except the Steward, the Chief Butler 
 and the Chief Cook. 
 
 "That no Fellow of the Society under the degree of 
 an Ancient, go within the Buttery Hatch to drink or 
 wash before meals. That no gentlemen of this House 
 should come down to the Dresser, to change any 
 messe, or take any messe of meat from any of the 
 third table, or from any other officer ; and that no 
 gentleman should be served out of rank or course. 
 
 " That no Fellow of the Society take any meat from 
 any Officer, or go down to the Kitchen to fetch up his 
 own meat. That no stranger be suffered to stand in 
 the Skrccn in meal times. 
 
 "That no Fellow of the Society stand with his back 
 to the fire. 
 
 " That no Fellow of the Society make any rude noise 
 in the Hall at exercises, or at meal times. 
 
 "That the Dinner on Good Friday which had been 
 accustomed to be made at the costs and charges of the 
 
 D. H
 
 98 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Chief Cook should thenceforth be made at the costs of 
 the House, with like provision as it had been before 
 that time. And likewise whereas they used to have 
 Eggs and Green Sauce on Easter day, after service and 
 Communion, for those Gentlemen who came to Break- 
 fast ; that in like manner they should be provided at the 
 charge of the House. And that from thenceforth no 
 Calves heads should be provided by the Cook ; nor any 
 Gentlemen of the House to pay for the same. 
 
 " That for the better relief of the Poor in Grey's Inn 
 lane, the third Butler should be at the carrying forth 
 from the buttery, and also at the distribution of the 
 alms, thrice by the week at Grey's Inn Gate, to see that 
 due consideration be had to the poorer sort of aged and 
 impotent persons, according as in former time he had used 
 to do. And where the Panyer man^' and Under Cook 
 challenge to have a corrody of that broken bread, it is 
 likewise ordered, that for those days that the said alms 
 is given, they shall have each of them a cast of Bread 
 scilicet three loaves a piece in lieu thereof to the end the 
 whole broken bread and the alms Basket may go to the 
 relief of the Poor." 
 
 * A servant belonging to the Temple and Gray's Inn, whose 
 office is to announce the dinner. This in the Temple, is done by 
 the blowing a horn ; and in Gray's Inn, proclaiming the word manger, 
 in each of the three Courts. — Grose's Classical Dictionary of the 
 Vulgar Tongue.
 
 dPidtJ ©outt
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 €f)t m^ j^niitim^* 
 
 'M^Si 
 
 r is probable that the earliest archives of the 
 Inn were destroyed by a fire in 1687, as 
 shown by the following extract from The 
 Ellis Correspondence, i. 231: "On Thursday night as 
 they were in the midst of their revels and masquerades 
 at Gray's Inn, a violent fire broke out, which destroyed 
 most of the paper buildings that remained ; several 
 records are also lost and burnt or blown up." 
 
 Little is known respecting the date of erection, or of 
 the extent, of the ancient buildings of the Inn. That 
 they were by no means commodious may be inferred 
 from the fact that even the Ancients of the House were 
 " necessitated to lodge double." As an illustration of 
 this, Dugdale {Orig. Jurid. 273) gives an account of 
 a Pension held on the gth July, 21 Henry VIII., when 
 " John Hales, then one of the Barons of the Exchequer, 
 produced a letter directed to him from Sir Thomas 
 Nevile, which was to request him to acquaint the 
 Society that he would accept of Mr. Attorney-General 
 {viz.. Sir Christopher Hales) to be his Bedfellow in his 
 Chamber here, and that entry might be made thereof 
 in the Book of their Rules ;" and, among the curious 
 Orders of the Society relating to this practice, the 
 following may be mentioned : — In the 21st of Elizabeth 
 
 H 2
 
 lOO GRAY'S INN 
 
 it was ordered, that " henceforth no Fellow of this 
 House shall make choice of his bedfellow, but only the 
 Readers, the admission of all others shall be referred 
 to the discretion of the Treasurers." In the 24th of 
 Elizabeth it was ordered, "that no Fellow of this House 
 should thenceforth lodge any Stranger, being no Fellow 
 of this House, upon penalty of losing his Chamber." 
 
 In the State Papers — Domestic — Elizabeth, 1574 — 
 vol. xcv.. Art. 91, is the following: — 
 
 " A survey of the Chambers and societies of all 
 the Innes of Courte together with certaine 
 Devises for the government of the worthie 
 and necessarie sorte and for the exclusion of 
 the unworthie and unnecessarie number and 
 sorte thereof. Male, 1574. 
 
 The survey towchinge the premisses 
 [First comes Lincoln's Inn] 
 Graies Inne."^ 
 
 The number of 
 Chambers there 
 
 cxxnij 
 
 The number of ^ , , 
 
 . I benchers . . xij 
 
 fellowes there of ' 
 
 all these sortes 
 
 following m. J ° -^^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 wherof 
 
 y utter barristers xxx 
 
 I other gentlemen Clxxviij 
 
 havinge 
 * Refer to the table at p. 218. Chambers 
 
 \ CCiiij 
 
 havinge no 
 Chambers ) ^ 
 
 en.'>
 
 5outI) Square
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS loi 
 
 An Order was made in the 28th of Elizabeth (1585), 
 " that it may be known if any lodge in the House who 
 are not of the House, surveyors shall be yearly chosen to 
 search all the chambers of the House." To carry into 
 effect this Order, six surveyors were appointed for the 
 North Court, four for the Middle Court, and seven for 
 the South Court. By another, made in January, 1 646, it 
 was ordered, " That an exact Survey of all the Chambers 
 in the House, viz., of the situation, the tenants' names, 
 the terms and the rent, and those to be put together in 
 a book of survey, distinguishing them according to the 
 several Courts and Building in each Court." This 
 book of survey has not been found. By a later survey, 
 however, made in 1688, the Inn appears at that date 
 to have been still divided into three Courts, which were 
 called Holborn Court, Conny or Coney Court, and 
 Middle Court (afterwards known as Chapel Court). 
 The two latter Courts occupied the present area of 
 Gray's Inn Square, which was ordered to be so called 
 on 7 June, 1793. The greater part of Coney Court 
 was destroyed by fire in 1683-4 ^^d rebuilt in 1687. 
 Holborn Court and the buildings mentioned in the 
 survey must have included Field Court, so named from 
 its being a passage into the Red Lion Fields. This 
 part of the Inn is now known as South Square. 
 
 In Strype's Stffw (1720), vol. i. Book iii. p. 253, it is 
 said that "the chief Courts in Gray's Inn, are Holbourn 
 Court, Chappel Court, and Cony Court. But since the 
 taking down the middle row of old chambers, which
 
 102 GRAY'S^ INN 
 
 severed Cony Court from Chappel Court, both are laid 
 open together ; only a separation of a palisado rail 
 running cross, to keep the coachmen from driving their 
 horses into Cony Court, which, since the levelling and 
 gravelling, is kept very handsome. And this Court 
 being the best situate as to an open aire, especially the 
 west and north sides, which look into the Garden and 
 adjacent fields, is of most esteem, and hath the best 
 buildings. The Hall where the gentlemen of the So- 
 ciety dine and sup, is large and good ; but the Chappel 
 adjoining is too small, and I could wish that the Society 
 would new build it, and to raise it on arched pillars, as 
 Lincoln's Inn Chappel, and then there would be a 
 good dry walk underneath in rainy weather. Besides 
 these Courts, there is another more westward, having 
 the Garden wall on the north side, and buildings on the 
 west, with some part of the south. Out of this Court 
 there is a passage, down steps, into Holbourn Court, 
 another passage into Chappel Court, another into Ful- 
 wood's Rents, and another into the fields." 
 
 In ancient times the principal entrance to Gray's Inn 
 was from Gray's Inn Lane, and so it is represented in 
 Agas's map, the buildings appearing to stand some dis- 
 tance from Holborn. The gate in Gray's Inn Lane is 
 called in the early records of the Society the "old gate." 
 Sir George Buck {Third Universitie, &c. — Stow's Annals, 
 ed. 1615 — 974) describes it as rather a "postern than 
 a gate ; " and thus relates how the present gate leading 
 into Holborn came to be built : —
 
 fiJolborn Gate
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS 103 
 
 " In this present age there hath beene great cost 
 bestowed therein, upon fayre buildings ; and very lately 
 the Gentlemen of this house purchased a messuage, and 
 a curtilage, scituate uppon the south side of this house, 
 and thereuppon have erected a fayre gate, and a gate- 
 house, for a more convenient and more honorable pas- 
 sage into the high streete of Holborne, whereof this 
 house stood in much neede, for the other former gates 
 were rather posterns then gates." 
 
 In 1587 it was " ordered that Mr. Aunger, Mr. Stan- 
 hope, Mr. Sherrington, and Mr. Penruddock be ap- 
 pointed to consider whether it be needful to have a 
 passage from y" House into Holborn, and what way 
 may be taken for obtaining y" same." On 5th February, 
 1593, another Order directed, "That 150/. be paid to 
 Mr. Fullwood for a parcel of ground in Holborne, for 
 building a gate out of Gray's Inn into Holborne, pro- 
 vided that the gentlemen of the house will contribute 
 such a sufficient sum to be added to the same sum of 
 150/. as will be sufficient to finish the building of the 
 said gate, so as the stock of the house be not any 
 further charged towards the same." In the following 
 year, on the 22nd of April, it was ordered that Mr. 
 Aunger, Mr. Fullwood, and two others, "do view the 
 place for the new gate, and line out the way for the same, 
 and appoint in what order the same shall be built." 
 
 It is related in the Memoirs of Sir Samuel Ro7niUy 
 (i. 139), that during the Gordon Riots, when Gray's Inn, 
 in which many Catholics resided, was particularly ob-
 
 104 GRAY'S INN 
 
 noxious, he was up a whole night under arms, and stood 
 as sentinel for several hours at the gate in Holborn. 
 The following is his letter, dated 13th June, 1780, and 
 addressed to Rev. J. Roget : — 
 
 " I believe I did not mention in my former letter that 
 these civil broils have converted me into a soldier. 
 Gray's Inn was one of the places which these deter- 
 mined enemies to all law threatened to lay in ashes. 
 All the law societies (for Lincoln's Inn and the Temple 
 were likewise threatened) resolved to stand upon their 
 defence. Accordingly we all armed ourselves, and kept 
 watch at our different gates for several nights." 
 
 The principal entrance to the Gardens was from Ful- 
 wood's Rents, the owner of the property being evidently 
 the Mr. Fullwood who sold the parcel of ground for the 
 Holborn Gate. Stow says, " Fulwood's Rents opposite 
 to Chancery Lane, runneth up to Gray's Inn, into which 
 it hath an entrance, through the Gate ; a place of a good 
 resort and taken up by coffee houses, ale houses, and 
 houses of entertainment, by reason of its vicinity to 
 Gray's Inn. At the upper end of this court is a passage 
 into the Castle Tavern, a house of a considerable trade, 
 as is the Golden Griffin Tavern, on the west side, which 
 also hath a passage into Fulwood's Rents." Strype's 
 Stow (i. Book iii. p. 253.) 
 
 Fulwood's Rents and Baldwin's Gardens were at one 
 time sanctuaries, but lost this privilege in the year 1697. 
 
 In concluding this chapter, a few words may be said 
 respecting Gray's Inn Place, the King's Road, and
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS 105 
 
 Theobald's Row, which are intimately associated in 
 history with Gray's Inn. 
 
 In 1663, it was ordered, that "The Right Hon. 
 Charles* Earl of Warwick, in consideration of the sum of 
 twenty pounds to be by him paid to the Treasurer of 
 Gray's Inn, shall have, for a term of forty years, a piece 
 of ground belonging to Gray's Inn, and lying in a brick- 
 wall erected by Mrs. Allington, deceased, on the north 
 side of her then dwelling house in High Holborn, — 
 then called Allington House, and now Warwick House, 
 containing seven roods . . . north towards Gray's Inn 
 Fields." Strype's Stow, vol. i. Book iii. p. 253, describes 
 Warwick Court (now Gray's Inn Place) as " newly built 
 out of Warwick House and Garden, being a very hand- 
 some and spacious place with a broad freestone pave- 
 ment, and garnished on both sides by large and well 
 built brick houses, fit only for persons of repute. The 
 north end lieth open into the passage belonging to 
 Gray's Inn which leadeth into Red Lion Fields." 
 
 Pepys notes a visits to Warwick House : — " 3 March, 
 1659-60 — At noon home to dinner to a Sheep's Head. 
 After dinner I to Warwick House in Holborne to my 
 Lord [Sandwich] where he dined with my Lord of 
 Manchester, Sir Dudley North, my Lord Fiennes, and 
 my Lord Barkly. I staid in the great hall, talking with 
 some gentlemen there, till they all came out." 
 
 In 1670, it was ordered "that the ground lying 
 
 * Charles Rich, earl of Warwick, was admitted a member of 
 Gray's Imi in 1662.
 
 io6 GRAY'S INN 
 
 without the walks between the wall and the way 
 leading from Gray's Inn Lane towards King's Gate in 
 Holbourne, bee fenced by inclosures, and the cattle 
 and horses turned out at present, and that gravel be 
 digged there for the use of this Society." Kingsgate 
 Street was so called because the King used to go this 
 way to New Market. Pepys records, 8 March, 1668-69, 
 " To Whitehall, from whence the King and the Duke of 
 York went by three in the morning and had the mis- 
 fortune to be overset with the Duke of York, the Duke 
 of INIonmouth, and the Prince [Rupert] at the King's 
 Gate in Holborne ; and the King all dirty, but no hurt. 
 How it came to pass I know not, but only it was dark, 
 and the torches did not, they say, light the coach as 
 they should do." 
 
 Parton, in his Account of the Hospital and Parish of 
 St. Giles-in-the-Fields (188), states that, after the forma- 
 tion of Holborn into a continuous street in 1600, a 
 Bowling Green was laid out, and a house of entertain- 
 ment erected called "The Bowling Green House," on 
 the site of the present Red Lion Square, — then called 
 Red Lion Fields. In an entry in Pepys' Diary, dated 
 2nd October, 1664, he thus refers to these Fields: 
 " After church, I walked to my Lady Sandwich's, 
 through my Lord Southampton's new buildings in the 
 fields behind Gray's Inn ; and, indeed, they are a very 
 great and noble work." Foss, in his Judges of England 
 (vii. 48), quotes this very passage from Pepys to show 
 *' that Gray's Inn Square was built by Lord Southampton
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS lo; 
 
 about 1664," whereas the buildings referred to by Pepys 
 were Southampton House. 
 
 In the Diary of Narcissus Luttrell* (Clarendon Press, 
 1857), occurs the following passage: — " loth June, 
 1684. — Dr. Barebone, the great builder, haveing some 
 time since bought the Red Lion Fields, near Graies 
 Inn Walks, to build on, and having for that purpose 
 employed several workmen to goe on with the same, 
 the gentlemen of Graies Inn took notice of it, and 
 thinking it an injury to them, went with a considerable 
 body of 100 persons; upon which the workmen as- 
 saulted the gentlemen, and flung bricks at them, and 
 the gentlemen at them again ; so a sharp engagement 
 ensued, but the gentlemen routed them at last, and 
 brought away one or two of the workmen to Graies 
 Inn ; in this skirmish one or two of the gentlemen and 
 servants of the House were hurt and several of the 
 workmen." f 
 
 The following extract from the Minutes of the Privy 
 Council, taken from The Builder, 3 May, 1856, relates 
 
 * The diarist was admitted a member of Gray's Inn in 1673. 
 
 t In a review of the former edition of this work, a writer in the 
 AihencEurn (15 July, 1876), remarks: "We have seen a letter 
 (still in !MS.) in which tlie writer says that the Gray's Inn men went 
 out in their gowns, and tliat the workmen were very civil, and said 
 they would rather lose their work than disoblige the gentlemen. 
 But there was afterwards a disturbance, and the Chief Justice sent 
 word to the Benchers that if they could not rule their House he 
 would come and do it for them." Diligent search has failed to 
 find this manuscript.
 
 io8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 to these riotous proceedings: — "24''" July, 1684. — 
 His Majesties Justices of the Peace, for the County of 
 Middlesex, having this day represented to his Ma*^ in 
 Council, That the Grand Jury at the last Generall 
 Quarter Sessions, held for the sayd County, Did present 
 their sence of many great inconveniences occasioned 
 through the late increasse of Buildings in the said 
 County, neer the City of London, and their apprehension 
 of further inconveniences by reason of more buildings 
 in the like manner intended and began ; Desiring the 
 Court humbly to represent the same unto his Ma*^ on 
 the behalfe of the said County, and that they the said 
 Justices are of the same opinion with the said Grand 
 Jury of the Inconveniencey from the increase of Buildings 
 and particularly from those lately begun by D' Nicholas 
 Barebone, in Red Lion fields, by the stopping of severall 
 highways which have been there, time out of mind, and 
 which will not only choake up the air upon Gray's Inn, 
 and destroy the rents of the poor of St. Clements, 
 lying upon that part of St. Andrews, Holbourne, towards 
 the fields. But very much annoy all the buildings in and 
 about Bloomsbury, to the prejudice of divers persons 
 of honour and Quality, as well as other his Ma'^' 
 Subjects there Lihabiting, and to the Annoyance of his 
 jyj^ties Pi-ivate highway through the fields, the said 
 D' Barebone having already made severall Lay Stalls 
 there, of Garbage, and Offalls, from severall Marketts, 
 sufficient to endanger the bringing of a Plague into the 
 Neighbourhood. — and the said Justices further inform-
 
 THE OLD BUILDINGS 109 
 
 ing his Ma*^ that the said Barebone did of late, and 
 particularly upon the 11*'' day of June last, march about 
 the fields in the head of two hundred men, shouting 
 and hallowing within the hearing of Grays Inn, and 
 waving their hatts as by way of Challenge to the 
 Gentlemen of the Society to come out and encounter 
 them, the said Barebone himself Exhorting them that 
 they should not be discouraged for he would back them 
 with a thousand the next morning." 
 
 The following reference to King's Road, showing its 
 antiquity as a King's Highway, is taken from the 
 minutes of the Privy Council : — "And whereas Andrew 
 Lawrence Esq" Surveyor of his Ma*^' highwayes did 
 likewise by his humble Petition this day read at the 
 Board, represent to his ]\Ia*^ that his Ma*^ and his 
 Royall Predecessors time out of mind, have had a 
 private way on the backside of Holbourne and Gray's 
 Inn, and soe through Finsbury fields to Kingsland, for 
 his Ma*^^ passage to New Market, which said way, with 
 the Gates and Bridges are maintained at his INIa*'' 
 charge, And that now the said D"" Barebone having 
 taken Red Lion fields purposing to Build the same, 
 hath throwne downe the Bankes and filled up the Ditch, 
 in several places adjoyning the sayd way, and carryed 
 through the Gates many loads of Bricks, Lime, and 
 Sand, to the great damage of the way, and that he 
 threatnes to breake downe the Gates, & to arrest the 
 Gate keepers if they obstruct the same. And therefore 
 the said Justices of the Peace & the said M' Lawrence
 
 no GRAY'S INN 
 
 respectively praying that his Ma*^ would be pleased to 
 interpose his Royall authority for the puting of a timely 
 stop to the said Buildings in the consequence whereof 
 soe many of his Ma*'" Loyall and DutifuU Subjects are 
 concerned, and for the preservation of his Just and 
 Ancient right in the aforesaid way ; — Upon considera- 
 tion whereof, It was ordered by his Ma*^ in Council, 
 That Sir Robert Sawyer, Knt. his Ma*''' Attorney 
 Generall, doe consider of, and pursue the best & most 
 effectuall meanes that may be used in Law, for pre- 
 venting the said Buildings in the Red Lion fields, and 
 for preserving his M'''*''' said private way on the backside 
 of Holbourne and Grays Inn, as aforesaid, from being 
 abused or encroached upon." 
 
 Theobalds Row or Road was so called because it led 
 to Theobalds, in Hertfordshire, the favourite hunting 
 seat of King James I. 
 
 In the Court and Ti7nes of James I. (ii. 171), Chamber- 
 lain writes: — "June 5, 1619. The King came from 
 Theobalds, on Tuesday, to Whitehall all along the 
 fields ; and on the back side of Gray's Inn was met by 
 a fair troop of our citizens on horseback."
 
 Zije ?i?aU
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 THE HALL— THE CHAPEL. 
 
 mt mil 
 
 O evidence exists as to the date of the first 
 erection of the Hall. Dugdale, quoting 
 from records of the Society which are no 
 longer extant, records that in 5 Edw. VI. (155 1), 
 " The Old Hall was seiled with fifty-four yards of 
 wainscot at 2s. a yard : and in 3 and 4 Philip and 
 Mary (1556), the Society began the re-edifying it as 
 it now standeth ; every fellow of the House, having 
 a Chamber therein, being assessed towards the charge 
 thereof, upon penalty of loosing his Chamber, in case 
 he did not pay what he was then taxt at ; which 
 work was finished in 2 Eliz. (1559), as appeareth by the 
 account of Sir Gilbert Gerard Knight, then Treasurer, 
 made 10 Nov. the same year; the whole charge 
 amounting to /^863 10s. 8d." {0 rig. /u rid. 273.) 
 
 This noble hall, seventy feet in length, thirty-five in 
 width, and forty-seven in height, is built upon the usual
 
 112 GRAY'S INN 
 
 plan of the great halls of the fifteenth and sixteenth 
 centuries. At the eastern end is the raised dais, on which 
 is placed the chief table, and on the right is the bay 
 window, a characteristic feature of the Tudor style. At 
 the opposite end an oak screen conceals the entrance 
 vestibule, etc. This screen is exceedingly rich in 
 design, consisting of fine semicircular arched headings 
 with carved spandrils, brackets and tympans having 
 Ionic columns, overlaid with strapwork ornament, 
 between each bay. 
 
 Above this order and the enriched cartouche frieze, is 
 a beautiful open Gallery front to the Minstrels' loft, 
 which, although designed in good keeping", is evidently 
 of later date than the lower portion of the screen. The 
 rail, or capping, is supported by six sculptured terminal 
 figures resting on cantilevers, with carved and fluted 
 pediments between them. There is a tradition in the 
 Inn that this screen, and also some of the dining tables 
 now used in the Hall, were given to the Society by 
 Queen Elizabeth as tokens of her regard. It may also 
 be mentioned that at dinner on Grand Day in each 
 Term "the glorious, pious, and immortal memory of 
 good Queen Bess," is still solemnly drunk in Hall. 
 
 The Hall is lighted at its western end, by a large 
 window over the minstrel gallery, and on the southern 
 side, by five mullioned and transomed windows. The 
 northern wall, in addition to the large bay window, con- 
 tains four others similar to those on the opposite side. 
 The space between the cills of these windows and the
 
 THE HALL 113 
 
 floor is filled by oak wainscot of the early part of 
 the 1 8th century, whereon are hung, in succession, the 
 names with armorial bearings of those members who 
 have filled the office of Treasurer. 
 
 The open timber roof is a fine example of the 
 hammer-beam type of construction. The ends of each 
 beam have an angle set pendant of classical design 
 where there may have been original carved figures and 
 shields projecting forward. In the centre of the Hall, 
 now occupied by a modern stove, stood formerly the 
 andirons with the smoke louvre in the roof above. 
 
 Unfortunately the exterior has been much modernized, 
 the red brickwork having been coated with stucco, 
 which, combined with the low elevation of the Chapel 
 adjoining, gives an undignified effect to what is, in the 
 interior, a fine and handsome specimen of sixteenth- 
 century architecture. The following letter appears in 
 the Gentleman's 3fagazine for the year 1826 (vol. 96, 
 part 2, p. log), with reference to this alteration: — 
 
 "This fine old Hall was erected in the reign of 
 Queen Mary, and until the late repairs was an almost 
 perfect specimen of the architecture of the period. 
 The walls were built with dark red brick ; the mullions 
 and labels of the large square windows, and some other 
 particulars, being constructed of stone. The principal 
 gables were marked by the ascending battlements, 
 resembling steps, peculiar to the period, also worked 
 in brick, the lateral walls being finished with plain 
 parapets. The roof was tiled ; from the ridge about 
 
 D. I
 
 IT4 GRAY'S INN 
 
 the centre rose a lantern of wood, of an octangular 
 form, and finished with a leaded cupola. Although 
 this appendage was rather heavy, and the lightness 
 of the pointed style had been almost disregarded in 
 its construction, it was valuable to the Antiquary as an 
 original work. As a perfect specimen of the latest 
 species of pointed architecture this old Hall was greatly 
 to be admired." 
 
 The writer goes on to describe the so-called improve- 
 ments. 
 
 "The walls are being covered with compo, thereby 
 gaining a smooth and even surface at the expense of the 
 curious brickwork which I noticed as existing on the 
 gables. Battlements of the modern kind, such as are to 
 be seen on many stables, and other mean appendages 
 to dwelling-houses, which the taste of the builders has 
 erected in the ' Gothic style,' are being tacked on to the 
 side walls. The roof has been stripped and slate sub- 
 stituted for the tiles, and to crown the whole, a wooden 
 lantern, of an entire new design, and much resembling 
 a pigeon- house, substituted for the ancient one." 
 
 On entering the Hall, the stranger's attention is ar- 
 rested at once by the armorial ensigns in the windows ; 
 and, especially, by the brilliant glow of colour in the 
 great bay-window to the North. Some of these shields 
 have been in position for over three hundred years, and 
 they together form a collection of the highest inte- 
 rest. For this reason it has been thought advisable to 
 present them in detail ; beginning on the North side
 
 THE HALL 115 
 
 and making the entire circuit of the Hall. Some arms 
 are known from manuscripts to date from the reign of 
 Elizabeth (see pp. 118, 119.) Next, coming to the time 
 of Sir William Dugdale, a.d. 1671, the reader is enabled 
 to follow, page by page, the arms engraved for his 
 work, On'gines Juridiciales, pp. 300-308. Lastly, the 
 present windows are severally analyzed, and the name 
 and condition of every person stated, so far as he can 
 be identified by the Records of the Society. 
 
 From an heraldic point of view, many of these 
 coats have a special value, in being assigned to indi- 
 viduals who bore arms somewhat different from the 
 blazons given in heraldic dictionaries. As might be 
 expected from the fragile character of the material, 
 much of the ancient glass has from time to time suifered 
 considerable damage. On one occasion a severe storm 
 of wind wrecked the great Eastern window, and the por- 
 tions which withstood the shock could not be after- 
 wards very correctly arranged. The workman employed 
 to reinstate the shields has occasionally substituted 
 scraps of scrolls and other ornaments for the armorial 
 bearings that had perished. Of any transposition or 
 confusion, when found, notice is taken as the necessity 
 arises. This window was greatly improved in 1 871, by 
 means of a background of antique glass, and the rein- 
 statement of the several shields, arranged as symmetri- 
 cally as the case would allow. 
 
 Many of the escutcheons represented in Dugdale's 
 work before mentioned have entirely disappeared, and 
 
 I 2
 
 116 GRAY'S INN 
 
 much glass that remained in his time is now injured 
 and misplaced. In order to perpetuate the memory of 
 those members of the Society whose arms are there 
 engraved, the names are taken out, and printed in 
 exactly the same order. Such shields as now remain 
 are marked with a star (*), and those which occupy the 
 same position (so far as can be ascertained from the 
 accompanying description) are further distinguished 
 by a dagger (f). 
 
 Dugdale has occasionally engraved a shield of arms 
 without assigning it to any particular person. With the 
 aid of the Harl. M.S. 191 2, these deficiencies are fre- 
 quently supplied, and the name of the person added in 
 brackets with a date. In escutcheons of several quarter- 
 ings, which are yet unappropriated, the first {ox paternal) 
 coat is alone blazoned, on account of the difficulty that 
 would arise in deciphering exactly all the quarterings. 
 Every one acquainted with heraldry, knows that the 
 same ordinaries and charges, when diff"erently tinctured, 
 constitute a distinct coat. Now the fading or alteration 
 of colours, likely enough to have happened in the 
 course of two centuries or more, may, and would lead 
 to frequent mistakes ; and the more so, when viewed 
 (as these must be) from the floor. Sometimes, indeed, 
 a distinctive feature has vanished. Such, for instance, 
 as may be noticed in the coat of Aunger, where the 
 griffin segreani is not now discernible by ordinary 
 vision ; but on attention being particularly directed to 
 it, the outline can be traced by means of a powerful
 
 THE HALL 117 
 
 glass. Probably, after firing, the artist added finally 
 the charges. These would naturally peel off in course 
 of time ; especially if affected by damp or variation of 
 temperature. 
 
 Having before him all the names recorded in Dug- 
 dale's plates, the reader's attention is next directed to 
 the windows as they appear in the present year. With 
 the assistance of the diagrams and numbers, he will 
 at a glance be able to see whose arms are depicted : 
 this arrangement being adopted to meet the difficulty 
 strangers experience when visiting the Hall, who know- 
 ing that a member of their family once belonged to 
 the Inn, and had his escutcheon displayed in the 
 windows, yet fail to find it. 
 
 During the process of search and examination, 
 many old coats of eminent persons have been dis- 
 covered, notwithstanding much mutilation and dis- 
 arrangement, and consequently very few shields are 
 now left which are not identified. 
 
 Sometimes, no more can be done than to give the 
 surname, because eight or ten members of a family have 
 at one time or other belonged to Gray's Inn. Each of 
 these was entitled to use his paternal coat ; and, al- 
 though no two persons actually bear the same arms 
 without a difference of some kind, practically these dis- 
 tinctions are for the most part ignored, and certainly 
 were so in this Hall, for very seldom is it that a shield 
 has any impalement or mark of cadency.
 
 Il8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 The following notes, made in the year 1580, are taken 
 from the Harleian Manuscripts : — 
 
 " In Greys In hall neare London in com. Myddlesex. 
 
 " John Marten* vnus Justiciariorum de Communi banco 
 ber. ar. 3. talbotes passant in pale wise sa. with a 
 thrid diiference. 
 
 " John Petit uniis Baronum Scacarij Domine Regine 
 apud Westminster [sic'] ber. g. cheveron inter 
 3. libbardes faces ar. with a. 3. difference. 
 
 " Cooke* unus Justic. de Banco ber. sa. & ar. 
 
 per pale. 3. wolfes heades Rased contray changed 
 of the felde. 
 
 " Sir Anthony Le fitz harbert vnus Justic. &c. ber. g. 3. 
 lions, r. gardant or 2 quarter, Norbury de ibidem 
 in com. Derby, ar. a chefe verre or et gules, over all 
 a bend. sa. these quartred. 
 
 " Hyndef vnus Justic. de Banco, ber. g. 3. 
 
 hyndes heades Rased, ar." 
 
 \Ha7-l. 2059,/". 203.] 
 
 * These two coats, left un-named by Dugdale, are clearly iden- 
 tified (302, row 3, and 303, row 4). See pp. 122, 123. 
 t Compare with the arms given p. 47.
 
 THE HALL 119 
 
 " In greys In hall wyndowe in glasse Junij 15, 1581. 
 
 "Gwido Feirfax miles Judex Ang' suprem' ber, i. ar. 
 
 1 lion r. sa. over all, 3. barres gemels g. 2. ar. 
 cheveron inter 3. griffins heades Rased g. passant. 
 3. barre of 8 peces ar. & g. on a canton sa. a crosse 
 potenze or, like Pulford. 4. or a bend azure. 
 
 5. ar. a fesse inter 3. lions passant gardant sa. 
 
 6. ar cheveron inter 3 merletes sa. 
 
 " Jn°- Erneleye miles Judex primarius de Communi 
 banco, ar. on a bend sa. 3. egles or, a 3. differ- 
 ence. 
 
 " S' Anthony le fitz herbart [unus] Justiciariorum de 
 Communi [banco], g. 3. lions r. gard. or. 2. Nor- 
 bury ar. a chefe verre or & g. over it, a bend sa. 
 these quarter[ed]. 
 
 " Lorde Riche g. cheveron inter. 3. crosses botone or. 
 
 2 diff. sa. 
 
 " Justice Staunford ar. 3. barres azure on a quarter or a 
 fesse sa. in cheffe 3 maskells sa. vel chapeletes g. 
 
 " Thomas Wilson ar[migcr] secretary to her majestie, 
 sa. I wolfe r. or, in chefe. 3. starres ar. with 6 
 pointes \_es/oi7es^ his wife checkc or & g. on a chefe 
 ar. I lion passant sa. 2. azure i lion r. inter sundreye 
 •K+ ar, for Dalton." 
 
 \Harl. 21 13, fo. 107 b.] 
 
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 ( 129 ) 
 
 Following the remarks made on page 117, and before 
 giving the names of those whose arms are now (1885) 
 displayed in the windows, it is desirable to exhibit a 
 table of the abbreviations enforced by the limited space. 
 Although many of these are common and familiar, the 
 whole are here set down so as to avoid all conjecture 
 or hesitation. This table applies also to the list of 
 " Readers" (pp. 45 — 76). 
 
 adm admitted 
 
 Att. Gen Attorney General 
 
 iut leader- r^"*"'"" I^'^''^'^*^'- 
 
 Ear.l^ci;:-:::i^T''°f the ex- 
 
 BE J chequer 
 barr barrister 
 
 Ch. Bar. E.... | Chief Baron of the 
 Ch. B. E ) Exchequer 
 
 S: Just::::::: jciiief Justice 
 
 Commi'" Commissioners 
 
 C. P Justice of the 
 
 Common Pleas 
 
 or created 
 
 Dy. of Lane. ...Ducliy of Lancaster 
 
 Gt. Seal Great Seal 
 
 nil. term Hilary term 
 
 H. of Cum House of Commons 
 
 J., Just Justice 
 
 Just. C. P Justice of the 
 
 Common Pleas 
 
 Just. K. B Justice of the 
 
 King's Bench 
 
 Just. Q. B Justice of the 
 
 Queen's Bench 
 
 K. C King's Counsel 
 
 K. G Knight of theGarter 
 
 King's att King's attorney 
 
 King's serjt ...King's serjeant 
 
 King's solr King's solicitor 
 
 Mich, term Michaelmas term 
 
 Sir. of Bolls ...Master of the Bolls 
 
 Q. B Justice of the 
 
 Queen's Bench 
 
 Q. C Queen's Counsel 
 
 Serjt Serjeant at law 
 
 Sol. Gen Solicitor General 
 
 Tr Treasurer 
 
 Trin. term Trinity term 
 
 D. 
 
 K
 
 I30 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 North Side. 
 
 No. 2. 
 
 1 Robert Allen, Serj*, Trin: i 
 
 term, 1845. 
 
 2 Digby Cayley Wrangham, 2 
 
 Serjt, Hil: term, 1840. 
 
 3 Alfred Septimus Dowling, 
 
 Serjt, Mich: term, 1842. 
 
 4 Sir Thos. Moyle, Isnt. Reader ; 3 
 
 Speaker 1542. 
 
 5 Sir Samuel Romilly, knt. Sol. 4 
 
 Gen. 1806. 
 
 6 Right Hon. Chas. Wolfran 5 
 
 Cornewall, Bencher 1770; 
 Speaker 1780. 
 
 * The first window on North Side 
 is now (1885) without arms. 
 
 No. 3. 
 
 Thomas Andrews, Serj^at law, 
 Trin: term, 1827. 
 
 Samuel Turner, Esq. Bencher 
 of Gray's Inn ; Dean of the 
 Chapel, A.D. 1862. Memo- 
 rial of the Society. 
 
 Ebenezer Ludlow, Serj^at law, 
 Trin: term, 1827. 
 
 Ralph Clayton, Seijt at law, 
 Trm: term, 1788. 
 
 The Most Noble Hugh duke of 
 Northumberland, i&c. K.G. 
 Mich: term, 1792. 
 
 William Cockell, Serj* at law, 
 Easter term, 1787.
 
 WINDOWS 
 
 131 
 
 North Side, No 
 
 1 Sir John ^Enilc, ktit. Ch. 14 Sir 
 
 Just. C. P. 1519. 
 
 2 Robert lord *Rich. [a) [da- 
 
 maged) . 
 
 3 Geffery *Nightingale, Lent 
 
 Reader, 1592. 
 
 4 Sir Gilbt. *Gerard, hit. I\Ir. 
 
 of the Rolls, 1581. 
 
 5 Francis*Noone, Lent Reader, 
 
 1546 and 1554. 
 
 6 Sir Thomas Burv, knt. Ch. 
 
 B. E. 1716. 
 
 7 Sir Humfrey*Winj:jfield, kiit. 
 
 8 Pxiwd. *Forde, adm. 1537. 
 
 9 Ralph *Barton, 1559; double 
 
 Aut. Reader, 1568. 
 
 10 Sir John Holt, /Iv/A SerjSl586. 
 
 11 Roger Moore, ScijS 1692. 
 
 12 Tho. Gooding, Serj', 1692. 
 
 13 Sir Robt. Shafto, knt. Aut. 
 
 Reader, T673. 
 
 4. 
 
 Robt. Raymond, knt. 
 (cr. lord Raymond), Ch. 
 Just. K. B. 1725. 
 
 15 Sir Wm. *Huse (Hussey), 
 knt. Ch. Just. K. B. 1481. 
 [Arms transposed.) 
 
 16 Elias *Btantingham, Aut. 
 Reader, 1605. 
 
 17 Franc. *Cra\vley, J. C. P. 1632. 
 
 18 Sir John *Fineux, knt. Ch. 
 Just. England, 1495. 
 
 19 John *Southwell, Lent 
 Reader, 1538. 
 
 20 Sir Sam^ Sterlinge, knt. Id. 
 mayor Lond. 1669. 
 
 21 Sir John *Brograve, knt. 
 Aut. Reader, 1576. (yVo. 3 
 should be I.) 
 
 22 Six quarterings : i. Quar- 
 terly, gu. and or; over all 
 a lion ramp. arg. 
 
 (a) Tlie arms do not belong to Eclward 5roF[lcy], named beneath. 
 
 K2
 
 13: 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Bay "Window. 
 
 1 Lord *tWentwortli. 1 1 
 
 2 Sir John *tMarkham, knt. 
 
 Ch. Just. I Edw. IV. 12 
 
 3 Quarterly ;* i and 4, Paly of 
 
 6, sa. and or, a canton erm.; 13 
 2 and 3, Sa. semee de cross- 
 crosslets, a lion rampant or. 14 
 
 4 Henry Nevill, lord *tBer- 
 
 gavenny. 15 
 
 5 SirTho.*tWiddrington, knt. 
 
 serj' at law. 16 
 
 6 *Francis Brackin. 1 7 
 
 7 Henry (Grey) , earl of *tKent. 
 
 8 Charles Howard, earl of 18 
 
 *tNottingham, K.G. 
 
 9 Sir Francis *tBacon, knt.; 19 
 
 viscount St. Alban, Lord 20 
 
 Chancellor. 21 
 
 10 Robert Sidney, carl of *t Lei- 22 
 
 cester, K.G. 23 
 
 Thomas Ratcliffe, earl of 
 
 *t Sussex, K.G. 
 Sir Nicholas *tBacon, knt. 
 
 Lord Keeper. 
 George Monck, duke of 
 
 *t Albemarle, K.G. 1663. 
 Sir Wm. *Gascoig:ie, knt. 
 
 Ch. J. K. B. 1400. 
 Edward Stanley, earl of 
 
 *tDerby, K.G. 
 Sir Robt. Carr, bart. 
 Sir John *tFinch, knt, Ch. J. 
 
 C. P. 1634. 
 [Reginald] lord *tGrey of 
 
 Wilton, K.G. 
 W. *Molineux. 
 C. *Grice. 
 
 John, lord *tDarcy of Chich. 
 R. *Flynte. 
 W. *Cardinal.
 
 WINDOWS 
 
 24 Sir Jas. Eyre, knt. Ch. J. 1 793. 
 
 25 Sir Wm. Williams, knt. Sol. 
 
 Gen. ; Speaker H. of Com. 
 1679, 1680, 1681. 
 
 26 Sir Robt. Raymond, ^vzif.Ch. 
 
 J. K. B. 1724; cr. Baron 
 Raymond, of Abbots Lang- 
 ley, 1730. 
 
 27 Sir Geo. Hutchins, knt. pre- 
 
 mier Serjt, one of Lords 
 Comm'*' for Custody of Gt. 
 Seal, 2 Wm. & Mary. 
 
 28 Sir Wm. Rawlinson, knt. 
 
 Serjt, one of Lords Commas 
 for Custody of Gt. Seal, i 
 Wm. & Maiy. 
 
 29 Sir John Holt, knt. Ch. 
 
 J. K. B. ; Privy Council, i 
 Wm. & Mar>-. 
 
 30 Sir Tho. Clarke, knt. Mr. of 
 
 Rolls, 1754. 
 
 31 Sir Salathiel Lovell, knt. 
 
 B. E. 1708. 
 
 32 Sir Edward Lut\\yche, knt. 
 
 King's SerjS 1683. 
 
 33 Sir Thomas Raymond, knt. 
 
 K. B. 1681. 
 
 34 Tho. Po\vcll,.Serjtatlaw, 1683. 
 
 35 Sir AVm. Gregoiy, knt. 
 
 Speaker H. of Commons, 
 31 C. II. ; B. E. 1679. 
 
 36 Sir Wm. Jones, knt. Sol. Gen. 
 
 25C.II.; Aut.Readeri674. 
 
 37 Tho. Holt, SerjS 1677. 
 
 38 Sir Tho. Stringer, knt. Serj'-, 
 
 1677. 
 
 39 SirRobt.Baldock,,i'«2'. Serjt, 
 
 1677. 
 4oRic.*tNewdigate, Serj', 1660. 
 
 41 Sir Wm. Richardson, knt. 
 
 SerjS 1679. 
 
 42 Sir John Powell, knt. C. P. 
 
 1686. 
 
 43 Ten quarterings : \.Ars:.on 
 
 a chief sa. 2 fleiirs-dc-lis 
 or. (Tracy.) 
 
 44 Sir Dudley *tDigges,/JviA2*Ir. 
 
 of the Rolls, 1 63 1. 
 
 45 Tho. *Flynt, Serj*, 1669. 
 
 46 John *t Archer, Seij*, 1660; 
 
 Just. C. P. 1663. 
 
 47 Nicholas Willimott, SerjS 
 
 21 C. IL 1669. 
 
 48 Thomas Hardres, Seij', 21 
 
 C. II. 1669. 
 
 49 Sir Wm. Scroggs, knt. Ch. 
 
 Just. Engl. 30 C. II. 1678. 
 
 50 Sir Wm. EUys, knt. King's 
 
 Serjt 22 C. IL ; C. P. 1672. 
 
 51 Thos.*tWaUer,Serjt.[i66o]. 
 
 52 James Foster, Serj', 1757. 
 
 53 John Bennet, Seijt, 1705. 
 
 54 Sir Edward Nevill, knt. Serj', 
 
 i684:B.E. i685;C.P. 1691. 
 
 55 SirWm.*Dethick,/&;zif. 1587. 
 
 56 Timothy Turner, Serj*-, 1C69. 
 
 57 Hcmy Dixwell, 1622. 
 
 58 Reginald Britland,Serjt 1 692. 
 
 59 SirTho.Bury, X-i'.B.E. 1700. 
 
 60 Sir Bernard Hale, knt. Chief 
 
 B. E. Ireland, 1722; B. E. 
 England, 1725. 
 
 61 Laurence Agar, Serj', 1700. 
 O2 John Hooke, Serj', 1700. 
 
 63 Sir John Smith, knt. B. E. 
 
 1702. 
 
 64 Tho. Raymond, Just. C. P. 
 
 1679: K. B. 1680. 
 
 65 Hen. Chetham, Sejjs 1710. 
 
 66 Wm. Fitzherbert, 1674. 
 
 67 Thomas Leek, B. E. 1642. 
 
 68 Thomas *Fane, 1554. 
 
 69 Sir John Turton, B. E. 1689; 
 
 K. B. 1696. 
 
 70 George Sterlinge, 1654. 
 
 71 Nicholas Rotherham, 1654. 
 
 72 Thomas Hunt, 1629. 
 
 73 Rich. Weston, Seij', 1677. 
 
 74 Henry *tBynge, SeijS 1623. 
 
 75 Sir CresweU Leving, knt. 
 
 C. P. 1680. 
 
 76 Sir Paul Barrett, knt. Serj', 
 
 1683. 
 
 77 Sir Tho. Bedingfield, knt. 
 
 Serj', 1660. 
 
 78 Thomas Mason, 1632.
 
 134 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 f3 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 w^ 
 
 East Window. 
 
 Sir Tho. ^Billinge, j^-nt. Chief 
 Just, of Engjto;//). Edw. IV. 
 
 Amis of *Cecill. Perhaps 
 Tho. earl of Exeter, as his 
 anns were in Dugdale's time 
 in this (the East) window ; 
 and not Wm. lord Burghley 
 or Robert earl of Salisbury, 
 v.-hose arms were then in the 
 I?av window. 
 
 Tho. Howard \'iscount*tBin- 
 
 don. 
 Sir John *Spenser, lord mayor 
 
 of London, 1594. Arg. 2 
 
 bars gemeUes betw. 3 eagles 
 
 displayed sa. 
 I. *Molineux, 1559. Azure, a 
 
 cross mohne pierced or; in 
 
 dexter chief a crescent for 
 
 difference.
 
 WINDOWS 
 
 135 
 
 6 Kenry (Herbert) earl of 
 
 *Pembroke, K.G. 
 
 7 Humfrey *Purefey. Eight 
 
 quartcrings : I Sa. 3 pairs 
 of hands couped, hand in 
 hand, arg. 
 
 8 Edward the *tCoNFESSoR 
 
 9 Richard *Hayton. Eight 
 
 quarterings: i. Sa. a cross 
 engr. or ; a mullet for dif- 
 ference. 
 
 10 SirJohn*t Butler, of Wood- 
 
 hall, hit. Quarterly ; i and 
 4, Gu. a fess chequy arg. 
 and sa. betw. 6 cross-cross- 
 lets of 2nd ; 2 and 3, Arg. 
 a sword in bend sable. 
 
 11 R. *Wingfield. Quarterly; 
 
 1 and 4, Arg. on a bend gu. 
 3 pairs of wings conjoined 
 in lure of the field ; 2 and 
 3, Quarterly, or and sa. 
 
 12 Walter *Haddon, one of 
 
 Wasters of Requests. Quar- 
 terly; I and 4, Or, a man's 
 leg couped at the thigh az. ; 
 
 2 and 3, Arg. on a fess gu. 
 5besants(3 and 2). 
 
 13 Sir Wm. *Seintlo, hit. Si.x 
 
 (juarteiings : I . Or, on a 
 bend sa. 3 annulets argent. 
 
 I4Thomas*Watton,i559. Arg. 
 a lion rampant gu. debruised 
 with a bend sa. charged with 
 
 3 cross-crosslcts litchyof the 
 field. 
 
 15 FrancisRussell,earl of *tBed- 
 
 ford, K.G. [damaged). 
 
 16 Richard* A unger. Quarterly; 
 
 I and 4, Erm. a grifFni scg- 
 reant az. ; 2 and 3, Gu. a 
 boar passant or. 
 
 17 Sir Reginald *tBray, K.G. 
 
 Quarterly; i and 4, Arg a 
 chev. betw. 3 eagles' legs 
 sa. erased a, la cuisse ; 2 
 and 3, Gu. 3 bends vair. 
 
 18 Sir Anthony *Thorold, l;nt. 
 
 (admitted 1537). Quarterly; 
 one quarter (2) only left. 
 
 19 R[alph] lord *tEure. Six 
 
 quarterings: I belongs to 
 another coat ; 2 should be i. 
 
 20 Thomas Butler, earl of *Or- 
 
 mond, K.G., or James But- 
 ler, duke of *Ormond, K.G. 
 Quarterly ; i and 4, Or, a 
 chief indented az. ; 2, Gu. 
 3 covered cups or ; 3, Erm. 
 a saltire gules. [No Garter.] 
 
 21 Henry (Hastings) earl of 
 
 *tHuntingdon,K. G.Twelve 
 quarterings, of which five 
 are gone (but suggested 
 within square brackets). 
 The remaining seven (in 
 2Va//«), grcatlydamaged, are 
 apparently not all in their 
 original order. 
 [I, Hastings ; 2, Heytesbury ; 
 3, Hungerford; 4, qucere 
 Botreux] 5, Pole ; 6, Cla- 
 rence; 7, Moels (out of 
 place) ; 8, Nevill ; 9, Mont- 
 acute; 10, Bcauchamp ; 
 II, Spencer \\2, Clare]. 
 
 22 Sir Tho. *Tildesley, knt. 
 
 (Lent Reader, 1605) Quar- 
 terly ; I. Arg. 3 mounds 
 vert ; 2, Arg. a chief gules ; 
 3, Sa. within a border 3 
 garbs arg. ; 4, Arg. on a fess 
 sa. 3 mullets of the field. 
 
 23 Sir Tho. *Hesketh, knt. Att. 
 
 Gen. of Court of Wards and 
 Liveries. 12 quarterings.
 
 136 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 W^ 
 
 No. 1. South Side. No. 2, 
 
 I Sir John Holker, ^nL; Q.C. 
 i8b8 ; Sol. Gen. and knt. 
 1874; Tr. and Att. Gen. 
 1875; lord Justice, 1882. 
 
 Sir Henry Manisty, knt. ad- 
 mitted 1842; barr. 1845; 
 Q.C. 1857; Treasurer 1861- 
 2 ; Justice Q. B. 1876. 
 
 Right Hon. Joseph Napier, 
 admitted 1S28; called to 
 Irish Bar 1831 ; Q.C. 1844; 
 Att. Gen. Ireland, 1852 ; Ld. 
 Chancellor of Ireland, 1858. 
 
 .Sir H.Jenner,/(-«^.D.C.L. Dean 
 of Arches; Judge of Preroga- 
 tive Court of Canterbuiy. 
 
 Sir John Romilly, ivit. Master 
 of Rolls, 1 85 1. [See South 
 Side, No. 4.] 
 
 H.R.H, Prince Arthur, Duke 
 ofCONNAUGHT, &c.K.G.,a 
 Masterof the Bench, 1881. 
 
 Right Hon. Frederick, lord 
 Chelmsford , Ld.Chanc.1S58 
 
 2 Sir Robert Lush, I'nt.; barr. 
 
 1840; Q.C. 1857; Tr, i860; 
 Just. Q. B. 1865. * 
 
 3 Blank. 
 
 4 Sir Stephen Gaselee,^;??. Just. 
 
 C. P. Trin: tenn, 1824. 
 
 5 John Bayley, Serj' Trin: term, 
 
 1799; Just. K. B. Easter 
 term, 1808. 
 
 6 Sir Joseph Littledale, Jtfit. 
 
 Just. K. B. Easter term, 
 1824. 
 
 * Afterwards Lord Justice.
 
 WINDOWS 
 
 13: 
 
 
 
 "~~~~~— -~.^,^ 
 
 
 ^^^ "^^ 
 
 
 1 1 J 
 
 2) 
 
 ^;:=^ 
 
 l^ 
 
 
 [4] 
 
 Is] 
 
 [el 
 
 / 
 
 
 \ 
 
 South 
 No. 3. 
 
 1 Blank. ^ 
 
 2 Blank. 2 
 
 3 Blank. ^ 
 
 4 Sir John Ilullock, hnt. one of 
 
 the Barons of Exchequer, 
 1823. 
 
 5 Sir Alan Chambre, knt. one 
 
 of the Barons of tlie Ex- 
 chequer, 1799; Justice of 
 Common Pleas, 1800. 
 
 6 Sir George Sowley Holroyd, 
 
 /!•>;/. Justice of King's Bench, 
 Hilary term, 18 16. 
 
 Side. 
 
 No. 4. 
 
 John Cross, SerjS Easter Va- 
 cation, 1858. 
 
 John Hullock, Seij', Easter 
 Vacation, 1816. 
 
 Wilham Payne, Serj', Easter 
 Vacation, 1858. 
 
 Sir John Walter Huddleston, 
 knt. Just. C. P. and Baron 
 of Exch. 1875 ; Tr. i860 and 
 1868. 
 
 John, lord Romilly, created 
 1865. \^See South side, 
 No. i.l 
 
 Joseph Arden, esquire, the 
 Founder of the Arden 
 Scholarships, 19 Nov. I073.
 
 138 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 
 
 ItJ 
 
 
 IqJ 
 
 liol 
 
 [I'l 
 
 [I2I 
 
 |l3j 
 
 I14J 
 
 hsj 
 
 I6j 
 
 '7| 
 
 
 19 
 
 1^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 West Window. 
 
 1 Andrew Hudleston, Trea- 
 
 surer, 1775, 1797- 
 
 2 Robert Burton, Tr. 1 781 and 
 
 1800 ; afterwards knt. 
 
 3 Alan Cliambre, Tr. 1783. 
 
 4 George Samuel Wegg, Tr. 
 
 1 79 1 and 1808. 
 
 5 John Fisher, Tr. 1795. 
 
 6 John Topham, Tr. 1796. 
 
 7 Henry Collingwood Selby, 
 
 Tr. 1798 and 1809. 
 
 8 John isiatt. Grim wood, Tr. 
 
 1801. 
 
 9 Wilham Lambe, Tr. 1802. 
 
 10 Samuel Romilly, K.C., Tr. 
 
 1803 [afterwards knt.]. 
 
 11 Henrv Stabbing, Tr. 1804. 
 
 12 John Knill, -Tr. 1805.
 
 WINDOWS 
 
 139 
 
 13 Philip Dauncey, K.C., Tr. 
 
 1807. 
 
 14 Edward Christian, Tr. 18 10. 
 
 15 Isaac Espinasse, Tr. 1811. 
 
 16 Geo. Sowley Hohoyd, Tr. 
 
 1812. 
 
 1 7 Montague Farrer Ainslie, Tr. 
 
 1813. 
 
 18 John Wear, Tr. 18 14. 
 
 19 John King, Tr. 18 15. 
 
 20 WiUiam Sheldon, Tr. 18 16. 
 
 21 John Bell, K.C., Tr. 1817 
 
 [and 1 834 J. 
 
 22 John Williamson, Tr. 18 18. 
 
 23 Stephen Gasclee, K.C., Tr. 
 
 1819. 
 
 24 Joseph Smith, Tr. 1820. 
 
 25 George Heald, K.C., Tr 
 
 1821. 
 
 26 John Whishaw, Tr. 1822. 
 
 27 Arms of Gray's Inn. 
 
 28 Francis Maude, Tr. 1823. 
 
 29 LockhartJohnstone,Tr. 1824 
 
 30 Heniy Sockett, Tr. 1825. 
 
 31 Jefferies Spranger, Tr. 1826. 
 
 32 Herbert Jenner, LL.D., Tr. 
 
 1827. 
 T,;^ George Wailes, Tr. 1828. 
 
 34 Thomas Wm.Carr, Tr. 1829. 
 
 35 p'rancis Whitmarsh,Tr. 1830. 
 
 36 Warcop Consett, Tr. 1798. 
 
 37 John Perry, Tr. 1831. 
 
 38 Thomas Parker, Tr. 1832 
 
 [and 1857]. 
 
 The succession of Treasurers frora the year 1832 (the 
 last in the window just noted) down to the present 
 time, with the name, arms and grade of each, is shown 
 in a series of escutcheons arranged in order of date, 
 and hung on the wainscoat of the Hall, as follows : — 
 
 1833. John Palfrey Burrell. 
 
 1834. John Bell, K.C. the se- 
 
 cond time. 
 
 1835. Robert Bayly. 
 
 1836. Thomas James. 
 
 1837. George Long. 
 
 1838. Harry Edgell. 
 
 1839. Robert Green Bradley. 
 
 1840. John Godfrey Teed, Q.C. 
 
 1842. 
 
 1841. Thomas Greenwood; again 
 
 in 1867. 
 
 1842. Samuel Turner. 
 
 1843. Thomas Purvis.Q.C. 1842. 
 
 1844. Archer Ryland. 
 1S45. Thomas Greene. 
 
 1846. 
 
 1847. 
 
 1848. 
 1849. 
 1850. 
 1851. 
 1852. 
 
 1853- 
 1854. 
 
 Sir John Romilly, lent. ; 
 
 again in 1866; Sol. Gen. 
 
 1848; Att. Gen. 1850; 
 
 Mr. of the Rolls, 1851, 
 
 and Lord Romilly. 
 Sir Herbert Jenner Fust, 
 
 Ivut., the second time. 
 Hcniy Tennant. 
 AVilliam Jope. 
 Tliomas Chandless. 
 William John Broderip. 
 T. Horncastlc IMarshall. 
 AValter Coulson, Q.C. 
 
 1851. 
 Francis Whitmarsh, the 
 
 second time ; Q.C. 1837.
 
 140 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 1855. Boyce Combe. 
 
 1856. James Barstow. 
 
 1857. Thomas Parker, the se- 
 
 cond time. 
 
 1858. William Henry Bodkin. 
 
 1859. John Walter Huddleston ; 
 
 again in 1868 ; after- 
 wards knt. Just. C. P. 
 and B. E. 
 
 Robert Lush, afterwards 
 Imt. and Just. Q. B. 
 
 Henry Manisty, after- 
 wards Imt. and J. Q. B. 
 
 Archibald John Stephens, 
 Q.C. 
 
 William Matthewson 
 Hindmarch, Att. Gen. 
 Co. Palatine of Dur- 
 ham 1861 ; Q.C. 1862. 
 
 WiUiam Wilde. 
 
 Thomas Southgate, Q.C. 
 
 Sir John Romilly, knt. 
 the second time. 
 
 Thomas Greenwood, the 
 second time. 
 
 John Walter Huddleston, 
 the second time. 
 
 i860. 
 1861. 
 
 1862. 
 
 1863. 
 
 1864. 
 1865. 
 1866. 
 
 1867. 
 
 1868. 
 
 1869. Thomas Norton. 
 
 1870. Thomas Parker. 
 
 1871. Smith Spencer Wigg. 
 
 1872. James Whishaw. 
 
 1873. John Lawrence Tatham. 
 
 1874. John Archibald Russell, 
 
 Q.C. 1868; afterwards His 
 Honour, Judge RusseU. 
 
 1875. John Holker; afterwards 
 
 knt. and Lord Justice. 
 
 1876. Wilham Cracroft Fooks, 
 
 Q.C. 1869. 
 
 1877. Aldborough Henniker, 
 
 O.C. 1S74. 
 
 1878. John Edwards, Q.C. 1874. 
 
 1879. Thomas Davis Bayly. 
 
 1880. Wilham Peter JoUiffe. 
 
 1881. Henry Griffith. 
 
 1882. Sir William Saint James 
 
 Wheelhouse, knt. Q.C. 
 1877 ; M.P. for Leeds, 
 1868-80. 
 
 1883. Arthur Hammond CoUins, 
 
 Q.C. 1880; afterwards 
 knt.. Chief Justice of 
 Madras, 1885. 
 
 1884. WUliam Shaw, Q.C. 1880. 
 
 On the walls of the Hall are the portraits of — 
 
 Kings Charles I., Charles II., and James II. 
 
 Sir Nicholas Bacon. 
 
 Francis Bacon, Viscount St. Albans, Baron Verulam. 
 
 Lord Coke. 
 
 Sir Christopher Yelverton, Justice of the King's 
 
 Bench, 1602. 
 Sir John Turton, Baron of the Exchequer, 1689. 
 Lord Raymond, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 
 
 1725-
 
 THE HALL 141 
 
 Sir James Eyre, Baron of the Exchequer, 1772; Lord 
 
 Chief Baron, 1787. 
 Sir John Hullock, Baron of the Exchequer, 1823. 
 Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester. 
 Octavius Card : Bandinus 
 Half-length portrait of a gentleman in armour, head 
 
 bare. 
 Sir George Lee, Dean of the Arches, 1752. 
 
 The Society has recently acquired a very fine portrait 
 in oil on panel of Queen Elizabeth in the 26th year of 
 her age, liberally presented by Henry Griffith, Esq., 
 one of the masters of the Bench ; it forms the chief 
 ornament of the venerable Hall, being in the place of 
 honour immediately above the dais and beneath the 
 great Eastern window. 
 
 The artist is not known with certainty, and opinions 
 of competent art critics differ on this point ; but all will 
 agree that the Queen is represented here in her most 
 pleasing aspect. 
 
 Among the State Papers of this reign, is found the 
 draft of a Proclamation in the hand of Sir William 
 Cecil!, which forbids any one to depict the Queen's 
 likeness in any form, until some competent painter 
 shall have produced a model which all may follow. 
 There is no positive evidence that this Proclamation 
 was actually published^', although, notwithstanding, such 
 
 * It is not found in Humfrcy Dyson's Collection of the Proclama- 
 tions printed in this Queen's reign (Grenville Libiarj-, C463).
 
 142 GRAY'S INN 
 
 may be the fact. As an interesting revelation of the 
 feelings of the Court, and of her Majesty herself, a copy 
 is subjoined. 
 
 " Forasmuch as thrugh the naturall desyres that all 
 sorts ot subjectes and people both noble and meane 
 have to procure the pourtraict and picture of the Quenes 
 Majesty grete nomber of paynctors and some printers 
 and gravors have allredy and doo dayly attempt to 
 make in dyvers manners portraicture of hir Majesty in 
 payntyng graving and pryntyng, wherin is evidently 
 scene that hytherto none hath sufficiently expressed 
 the naturall representation of hir Majestys person, favor 
 or grace, but for the moor part have al so farr erred 
 therin, as therof dayly hir Majestys loving subjectes ar 
 therwith much greved in so much that for redress herof 
 hir Majesty hath lately bene so instantly and so im- 
 portunatly sued unto by the lordes of hir Counsell and 
 others of hir nobilite in respect of the gret diversite 
 herin used not onely to be content that some speciall 
 conning payntor might be permitted by access to hir 
 Majesty to take the naturall representation of hir 
 Majesty wherof she hath bene alhveise of hir owne 
 naturall disposition very unwilling, but also to prohibit 
 all manner of other persons to draw, paynt grave or 
 pourtrayct hir Majestys personage or visage for a tyme 
 untill by some perfect patron and example, the same may 
 be by others followed. Therfor hir Majesty being herin 
 as it wcr overcome with the contynuall requestes of so 
 manny of hir nobilite and others, whom she can not v/cll
 
 THE HALL 143 
 
 deny, is pleased that for ther contentations some conning 
 person mete therfor, shall shortly make a pourtraict of 
 hir person or visage, to be participated to others for 
 satisfaction of hir loving subjectes, and furdermore 
 commandeth all manner of persons in the meane tyme 
 to forbeare from payntyng graving printyng or making 
 of any pourtraicte of hir Majesty, untill some speciall 
 person that shall be by hir allowed shall have first 
 fynished a portraicture therof, after which fynished, 
 hir Majesty will be content that all other payntors or 
 gravors that shall be knowen men of understandyng 
 and so therto licensed by the hed ofilicers of the plaices 
 wher they shall dwell (as reason it is that every person 
 shuld not without consideration attempt the same), 
 shall and mayo at ther plesures follow the sayd patron 
 or first portraictur. And for that hir Majesty perceaveth 
 that a grete nomber of hir loved subjectes ar much 
 greved and take great offence with the errors and 
 deformytees allredy committed by sondry persons in 
 this behalf, she straightly chargeth all hir officers and 
 ministers to see to the dew observation herof, and as 
 soone as may be to reform the same errors alredy com- 
 mytted and in the meane tyme to forbydd and prohibitt 
 the shewing or publication of such as ar apparantly 
 deformed, untill they may be reformed which ar re- 
 formable." \_Slaie Papers {^Domestic), Eliz. vol. 31, 
 art. 25.]
 
 144 GRAY'S INN 
 
 It is generally believed, that the present Chapel stands 
 on the site of the ancient religious structure indicated 
 in the Royal Licence granted to John de Grey in the 
 year 1315 ; and a plan of the boundaries and environs 
 of St. Giles' Parish, published by Mr. Parton, in his 
 Account of the Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the- 
 Fields, tends to support this belief. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth by letters patent, dated at Gorham- 
 bury, 28 March, 1578, granted to John Hercey, of 
 Andover, and John Haward, of London, gentlemen, 
 {inter alia) the "Gate roome " situate in Grayes Inn 
 lane with buildings thereon, heretofore given to super- 
 stitious uses. {Patetit Roll, 20 Eliz. part 1 1, m. 25 {^t,).) 
 
 By letters patent, dated 27 May, 13 15 [Patent Roll, 
 8 Edw. II. part 2, in. 10), the King, after due inquiry 
 made 22 May, 13 15 {^Inq. ad q. d. 8 Edw. II. No. 69), 
 granted licence in mortmain to John, son of Reginald 
 de Grey, that he might assign thirty acres of land, two 
 acres of meadow, and ten shillings rent, with the ap- 
 purtenances in Kentish town {Ke?ttishe toil), and in the 
 parish of St. Andrew, Holebourne, without the Bar of the 
 Old Temple, London, to the Prior and Convent of St. 
 Bartholomew, in Smithfield, and to their successors, for 
 the purpose of providing a chaplain to celebrate divine
 
 THE CHAPEL 145 
 
 service daily for ever in the Chaf)cl of his Manor of 
 " Pourtepole " for the soul of the said John, and for 
 the souls of his ancestors, and of all the faithful de- 
 parted. 
 
 Mention is made in the Year Book 2 Henry IV. 
 (1400) of a Chaplain of Gray's Inn who was plaintiif 
 in an action of battery. The case is thus reported 
 (Mich. 2 Hen. IV. 8) :— 
 
 \^Translatio7i.~\ 
 
 " In an inquiry for a chaplain of Greyes Inn con- 
 cerning battery to him done, &c., and the defendants 
 had justified that the wrong which the plaintiff had was 
 occasioned by his own assault. 
 
 " Markhajn: Although a man make an assault on 
 another, if he on whom the assault is made shall escape 
 with his life it is not allowable for him to beat the 
 other who made the assault : which the whole Court 
 granted. 
 
 " Cokeyn: But I am not bound to wait until the other 
 has given a blow, for perchance it will come too late 
 after: which is granted.'' 
 
 The earliest mention of the Chapel of Gray's Inn 
 found in the records of the Society (so far as they now 
 exist) is in the nth year of Elizabeth, when it was 
 ordered "that there bee a Pulpitt prepared in the 
 Chappcll, and that the Pertition in the said Chappell 
 be removed, and Stalles made, accordinge to the dis- 
 cretion of the Dean of the Chappell." • Dugdale, how- 
 
 D, L
 
 146 GRAY'S INN 
 
 ever, gives {Orig. Jurid. 284-5) ^'^ account of a Pension, 
 16 May, 31 Henry VIII., when "consideration being 
 had of the King's command, that all the Images of 
 Thomas Becket, sometime Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 in any Windows, either of Churches or Chappells 
 should be obliterated, it was ordered, that Edward 
 Hall, then one of the Readers of this House, should 
 take out a certain Window in the Chappell of this 
 House, wherein the Picture of the said Archbishop was 
 gloriously painted, and place another instead thereof, 
 in memory of our Lord praying in the Mount." The 
 same authority states, that on the 8th of November, 
 6 Edward VI., in pursuance of the Act of Reforma- 
 tion, there was an Order made, that the Pensioner and 
 Steward of this House should make sale of certain 
 Utensils then being in the said Chappel for the behoof 
 of the Society : viz. 
 
 One vestment with a Cross of red velvet ; 
 
 A Holy Water Stock of Brass ; 
 
 Two Candlesticks ; 
 
 A little Bell of Brass ; 
 
 A vestment of Silk, spect with Gold ; 
 
 And a pair of Organs. 
 Which being accordingly sold, there then remained in the same 
 Chappel 
 
 A Chales. An Aulter Cloth. 
 
 A Surpless. A Table. 
 
 A Bible of the largest volume. A Lanthorn of Glass. 
 
 A Psalter. A Chist. 
 
 A Book of Service. 
 
 But in I Mariae, the Romish religion being restored, 
 there was a new Altar set up, and Ornaments for the
 
 THE CHAPEL 
 
 147 
 
 fol- 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 same provided, the charges whereof were as 
 loweth, viz. 
 
 Nine Ells of Holland for three Altar Clothes 
 
 Seven Ells and a quarter of Lockram for an Albe. . 
 
 Three Quarters of an Ell, for a Corporas 
 
 Five pieces for the Albe, and the Ephodc 
 
 Tape for the Ephode and the Girdle 
 
 Two Crewets 
 
 A Super Altare . . 
 
 Maldng of the Albe, Ephode, Towels, and Corporas 
 
 104 foot of Oaken board, for the Altar 
 
 Six double quarters . . 
 
 Nayles . . 
 
 Carriage 
 
 Making the Altar 
 
 A Painted Cloth to hang before the Altar 
 
 Hemming the Altar Clothes 
 
 A Desk 
 
 The courtesy prefix of " Sir" (dom/'nus) was universally 
 given in mediaeval times to parsons. Hence they were 
 frequently called " The Pope's Knights." The style of 
 Si'r\\'a.s continued after the Reformation. Shakespeare, 
 in the Merry Wives of Windsor, gives an illustration of 
 the practice in Sir Hugh Evans, the Welsh parson ; and 
 we find a priest, constantly mentioned as " Sir Jeffrey," 
 who appears in the earlier pages of the first Register 
 now remaining in the possession of the Society. He 
 had yearly "wages" of four pounds. This amount, 
 but more frequently five pounds, was a very usual allow- 
 ance made for life to priests of dissolved Chantries for 
 their maintenance, by letters patent made according to 
 
 L 2
 
 148 GRAY'S INN 
 
 a Commission directed to Sir Walter Mildmay, knight, 
 and Robert Keilway, esquire, and dated 20 June, 2 
 Edw. VI. (1548). Whether the person above named 
 was or was not such a pensioner cannot now be pre- 
 cisely ascertained, owing to the unfortunate loss (al- 
 ready so often before mentioned) of the Register, temp. 
 Hen. VIII. ; and no assistance is to be had from the 
 Public Records, which relate to this matter, for the 
 county of Middlesex. Sir Jeffrey is mentioned in 
 sundry accounts thus : — 
 
 " 1568 (10 Eliz.). Item paid to Sir Jeffrey for his 
 Wages dew at Michaelmas two pounds ; item for his 
 Wages then dew for kepinge the Clocke bs %d., . . . 
 item to Sir Jeffrey for his Wages due at Easter 40J., for 
 kepinge of the Clock 6^. %d. 
 
 " 1580 (22 Eliz.), Nov. 10. Paid thereof to S' Jefferey 
 the Prest the 14 of Februarie for vii wekes Commons — 
 xxviii^. 
 
 "1583 (25 Eliz,), June 5. Item paied to old S' Jeffrey 
 the Priest for xxvi. wekes Commons in the vacation sins 
 Trinity Terme at iiiij. per week." 
 
 That he lodged in the Inn is shown not only by the 
 reference to Commons, but also in some repairs : — 
 " Item of Plaster to mend the ceiling of Sir Jeffrey's 
 Chamber." 
 
 From various orders made in the year 16 19 it appears 
 that the Chapel was enlarged in that year. In 1689 it 
 was ordered, "that a model be forthwith prepared by
 
 THE CHAPEL 149 
 
 an able surveyor for a Chapel to be new-erected for 
 
 this Society, and that the Treasurer, and Dr. Wake, 
 
 the preacher of the society, be desired to promote 
 
 the said building by obtaining contributions for the 
 
 same," and "that it be referred to Mr. Treasurer to 
 
 get a Bell for the Chapel, to be new-cast, and a wheel 
 
 thereto to be new-made, as he finds necessary." This 
 
 must have -been done, as proved by the inscription on 
 
 the bell :— 
 
 " James Bartlet 
 
 made mee, 1689. 
 
 Samuel Buck, 
 
 Treasurer." 
 
 Nothing, however, could have been done as to the 
 rebuilding, for an order was made in 1698, "that the 
 Chapel being much in decay and very ruinous, be forth- 
 with taken down, so far as shall be thought fit, and that 
 it be referred to Sir William Williams, Mr. Barrett, 
 Dean of the Chapel . . . Mr. Treasurer ... or any 
 three of them, to take to their assistance such surveyors 
 as they shall think fit, and to repair, alter or model 
 the said Chapel, in the best manner they can. And in 
 order thereunto Mr. Treasurer is desired to furnish out 
 of the money received of the Lady Allibone's fine, 
 such sum and sums as the said referees, or any three of 
 them, shall, from time to time, [require] until next 
 term, for the carrying on the said work. And that the 
 said referees are desired to agree by the square, or 
 otherwise by the groat, for the performance of the said
 
 ISO GRAY'S INN 
 
 work." Hatton {N'etv Vinv of London 1708 i, 271) says, 
 in 1699, the Chapel was "beautified and repaired, the 
 walls being covered with a handsome finishing." 
 
 The Prior and Convent of St. Bartholomew, in lieu 
 of a Chaplain for the service of the Chapel, appear to 
 have paid yearly to the Society the sum oi £'] : 13^. \d.\ 
 for in the Valor Ecdesiasticiis, of 26 Hen. VIII., among 
 " Reprizes " paid out of the Monastery of St. Bartholo- 
 mew, there is an item (i. 408) which (rendered into 
 English) runs thus : — 
 
 " To the Master and Fellows of Gray's "" 
 Inn for the salary of the Chaplain 
 celebrating divine service within the , p 
 Chapel there with twenty shillings paid 
 yearly to the aforesaid Master and 
 Fellows." 
 
 On the dissolution of Monasteries, when the revenues 
 of this priory came to the Crown, a decree, dated 10 
 November, 33 Henry VIII. (1541) was made by the 
 Court of Augmentation as follows : — 
 
 "Memorandum for as moche as it is duly provid, 
 before the Chauncellor and Counsell of the Courte of 
 Augmentacions of the revenues of our soveraign lorde 
 the kynges Croune, that the Prior and Covent of the 
 late Monastery of Seynt Barthilmewe in Smythfelde, 
 besides London, nowe dissolvyd, and their predecessors, 
 at theyr propre costes and charges, tyme oute of mynde, 
 before the dissolution of the same late monastery did
 
 THE CHAPEL 151 
 
 fynde, and of right ought to fynde, one Chappeleyne, 
 to synge and saye masse and other dyvyne servyce 
 every daye yerly, at and in the Chapell at Greys Inne, 
 besydes Holborne, nyghe London, for the studyentes, 
 gentlemen, and felowes of the same howse of Greys 
 Inne : And that the scid late Prior and his prede- 
 cessours were yerly charged withe the pencion of 
 vij//. xnjs. iujd., for the salary or stypende of the seid 
 Chappeleyne, goynge oute of the landys and possessions 
 of the seid late Monastery : It is therefore orderid and 
 decreed, by the seid Chancellor and Counsell, in the 
 terme of Seynt Michell, that is to saye, the tenthe daye 
 of Novembre, in the xxxiij"' yere of the reigne of our 
 seid soveraigne lorde Kynge Henry the Eight, that 
 the Treasaurer and fellowes of the seid Howse of Greys 
 Inne, in recompence of the seid stypende of vij//. xnjs. 
 iujd., shall have yerly of the Kynges highenes, for the 
 fyndynge of the seid Chaplcyne, durynge the Kynges 
 pleasure, the sommc of sixe poundes thirtene shyllynges 
 and fourepencc sterlynge yerly, to be paidc by the 
 handes of the Treasaurer of the seid Courte of Augmen- 
 tacions, for the tyme beynge, of suche the Kynges 
 trcsurc, of the revenues of the seid Augmcntacions, as 
 shall happen to remayne in his handes, and to be yerly 
 paide to the Treasaurer of the seid house of Greys Inne, 
 for the tyme beynge, at the feastes of the Natyvytie of 
 our Lord Gode, the Annunciation of our blcssid Lady 
 the Virgen, the Natyvytie of Seynt John the Baptyste, 
 and Seynt Michell Tharchaungell, by cvyn portions :
 
 152 GRAY'S INN 
 
 And that the seid Treasaurer of Greys Inne shall have 
 all tharrerages of the sixe poundes thirtene shillynges 
 and foure pence due to theme sythene and frome the 
 feaste of the Annunciacion of our blessid Lady the 
 Vyrgene in the xxxij*'' yere of the reigne of our seid 
 soveraigne lorde Kynge Henry the eight to be paide 
 by the handes of the said Treasaurer of the seid Aug- 
 mentacions of the tresure aforeseide." \jiugmeniation 
 Office. Decrees, vol. i, f. 190 iJ*.] 
 
 By arrangement between the Commissioners of the 
 Commonwealth and the Society, this payment ceased 
 in 1 65 1, as previously mentioned (p. 18). Although 
 the house rent of /^6 : 13^. \d. (notwithstanding its 
 extinction by mutual agreement) was again claimed by 
 the Crown after the Restoration, the salary of the chap- 
 lain was never revived. 
 
 Reference is made in November, 1574, to the Minister 
 or Preacher, who was then ordered to have an allowance 
 of £ \ a year. " Item, there is allowed to the newe 
 mynister xl^ for the halfe yere to be presently payed 
 and soe halfe yerlye, that is iiij"' by yere." This must 
 have been Mr. William Cherke or Charke, Sizar of 
 Peterhouse, Cambridge, in 1560, and Fellow in 1566, 
 who was Preacher of Gray's Inn in the year above 
 mentioned. 
 
 In January, 1575-6, it was ordered, "that Mr. Cherke 
 shall continue still in this house as Preacher of the 
 same, and shall have his former allowance for the same, 
 if it be not otherwise misliked by the Privy Council,
 
 THE CHAPEL 153 
 
 or the Archbishop of Canterbury, or the Bishop of 
 London." In 1581, Mr. Charke was appointed Preacher 
 of Lincoln's Inn. His successor was Dr. Crooke, Sizar 
 of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1560, and Fellow in 
 1563, who had a yearly stipend of one hundred marks. 
 
 The following letter from Lord Burghley recommend- 
 ing Dr. Crooke appears in the records of the Society: — 
 
 "After my herty Commendacons whereas I am geven 
 to understand that ye are in mynde and purpose to make 
 provision of some meete and suffycient Preacher to be 
 conversant and resident in your societie. As I cannot 
 but well lyke of this your generall intention, so I must 
 admonish you that the good choise of the man is that 
 which will commend all the rest for your better derec- 
 tion therein. I am likewise informed that the Bishop of 
 London, whose approbacon you are principally to re- 
 spect, doth concurie in goode oppynon of one who, 
 amongst others, is named unto yow so fare forthe as 
 he hath solicited unto him the acceptance of the charge. 
 The man is called Mr. Crooke, and hath taken degree 
 of Doctor and is otherwise, as I here, qualyfied with 
 partes of gravitie and discretion such as, besides the 
 common duties of a Minister, ar pcculiarlie requisite 
 for that place. I have thought good therfore, for the 
 especial regarde which I have of the good goverment 
 of yowr house, as one of the seminaries of the nobilitic 
 and gentlemen of this realme, and as the place where 
 my self came forth unto service, to rccommende unto 
 yowe both the pursuit of your owne good meanynge
 
 154 GRAY'S INN 
 
 in suche due order of providing as to yowr discretion 
 and proffessyon cannot be unknown, and the considera- 
 tion of this man for the fulfilling of your intention and 
 suppling of yowr want, and withal the conditons of 
 his enterteynment that they may be answerable to his 
 qualitie and condicon. And thus I bidd yowe hertelie 
 farewell. At the Cowrt, the xxx of Jenuarie, 1580. 
 
 " Yowr loving frend and old fellow of your Company 
 
 " W. BURGHLEY." 
 
 The following list of Preachers was drawn up by 
 Archdeacon Hessey in 1867, and corrected by him to 
 1883. On Sunday, 27 July, 1879, the archdeacon 
 took leave of the Society. In his farewell sermon, 
 after dwelling with much force on the associations 
 of the building and the sacred office which he had 
 held so long, he mentioned, with brief particulars 
 of their lives, his many illustrious predecessors, some 
 of whom reached the highest stations in the Church, 
 while others were distinguished alike by their literary 
 abilities and their piety ; as will appear by their names 
 now enumerated. 
 
 Mr. ■William Cherke, or Cliarke. — Sizar of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 
 1560. Fellow, 1566. Preacher of Gray'' s Inn, 1574* Preacher 
 of Lincoln's Inn, 158?. Fellow of Eton, 1599. Died, 1617. 
 [B.A. I56f. M.A. 1566.] 
 
 Dr. Thomas Crooke. — Sizar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1560. 
 Fellow, 1563. College Lecturer in Latin, 1565. Rector of 
 Great Waldingfield, Suffolk, from 1571 to 1582. Preacher of
 
 THE CHAPEL 155 
 
 Gray's Inn, 158^. Died, 1598. [B A. 1561. M.A. 1566. 
 B.D. 1573. D.D., being then a Member of Pembroke Hall, 
 1578.] 
 Dr. Eoger Fenton. — Sizar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1585. 
 Scholar on Dr. Wattes' Foundation, . . . Fellow, 1590. 
 Preacher of Graf s Inn , 159.5. Rector of St. Stephen's, Wal- 
 brook, 1601. Rector of St. Benet's Sherehog, 1603, which he 
 resigned on becoming Vicar of Chigwell, Essex, 1606. Pre- 
 bendary of St. Paul's, 1609. One of the Translators of the 
 Bible. Died, i6i|. [B.A. 158^. M.A. 1592. B.D. 1602. 
 D.D. 1613.] 
 
 Dr. Eichard Sibbes.— Subsizar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 
 circ. 1595. Fellow, 1601. Taxor of the University, 1608. 
 Lecturer of Trinity Church, Cambridge, 16 10. Preacher of 
 Gray's Inn, i6iy. Master of Catherine Hall, Cambridge, 
 (having declined the Provostship of Trinity College, Dublin,) 
 l62f-. Vicar of Trinity Church, Cambridge, 1633. Died, 1635. 
 [B.A. I59§. M.A. 1602. B.D. 1610. D.D. 1627.] 
 
 Dr. Hannibal Potter. — Scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, 1609. 
 Probationary FcUow, 1613. Fellow, 1614. Rector of Wootton, 
 in Diocese of Peterborough, 1625. Preacher of Grays Inn, 
 1635. President of Trinity College, Oxford, 1643. Ejected 
 by the Parliamentary Delegates, 1648. Restored 1660. Died, 
 1664. [B.A. 1613. M.A. 161.. B.D. before December 10, 
 1625. D.D. 1630.] 
 
 Mr. John Jackson. — Sizar of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1613. 
 Master of Richmond School, Yorkshire, from 1618 to 1620. 
 Rector of Marske, in Richmondsliirc, Yorkshire, 1623. Preacher 
 of Grays Inn, 164^. Member of the Westminster Assembly 
 of Divines, 1643. I^icd 1661. [B.A. i6iy. M.A. 1620.] 
 
 Dr. Thomas Horton. — Pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 
 1624. Fellow, 1 63 1. University Preacher, 1637. Minister of 
 St. Mary Colechurch, in the City of London, 1638. Professor 
 of Divinity at Gresham College, 1641. Preacher of Gray^s 
 hin, 1647. President of Queen's College, Cambridge, 1647. 
 Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, from November, 1649, to No-
 
 156 GRAY'S INN 
 
 vember, 1650. Ejected from the Presidentship of Queen's, (to 
 which he had been appointed by the Parliament on the death 
 of Herbert Palmer, to make room for Edward Martin whom 
 Palmer had dispossessed,) 1660. He had a dispensation to 
 hold the Gresham Professorship, 1660 (Aug. i), but it was 
 revoked 1661 (May 26). He was silenced in 1662, but after- 
 wards conformed, and was admitted to the Vicarage of Great 
 St. Helen's, London, 1 666. Died, 1673. [B.A. i62f. M.A. 
 1630. B.D. 1637. D.D. 1649. D.D. of Oxford, 1652.] 
 
 Dean Nicholas Bernard. — Pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cam- 
 bridge, 161 7. Dean of Kilmore, 1627. Rector of St. Peter's, 
 Drogheda, i62|^. Chaplain to Abp. Ussher, .... Dean of 
 Ardagh, June 22, 1637. Prebendary of Dromore, July 12, 1637. 
 Chaplain to Oliver Cromwell, and one of liis Almoners, .... 
 Preacher of Grafs Inn, 1651. Rector of Whitchurch-cum- 
 Marbury, Cos. Salop and Chester, July 16, 1660. Died October 
 15th, 1661. [B.A. 162a M.A. 1622. M.A. of Oxford, 
 1628. D.D. of Dublin, 16 . . D.D. of Cambridge, 1650. 
 D.D. of0.xford, 1657.] 
 
 Bishop John Wilkins.— Commoner of New Inn Hall, 1627, and 
 afterwards of Magdalen Hall, Oxford. Chaplain to Lord Say. 
 Chaplain to the Count Palatine of the Rhine, .... Vicar of 
 Fawsley, Northamptonshire, 1637. Took the " Solemn League 
 and Covenant," at the breaking out of the Civil Wars .... 
 Appointed Warden of Wadliam College, Oxford, by " a Com- 
 mittee for reforming the University," 1648. Appointed Master 
 of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1659, by Richard Cromwell, 
 whose aunt — the sister of Oliver Cromwell — he had married. 
 Ejected from the ]\Iastership of Trinity at the Restoration. 
 Prebendary of York, 1660 (Aug. 11). Dean of Ripon, 1660 
 (August 31) . (He retained this dignity to his death.) Preacher 
 of Gray's Inn, 166^. Rector of Cranford, Middlesex, 1661. 
 Rector of St. Lawrence, Jewry, 1662. One of the Founders 
 of the Royal Society, 1662. Rector of Polebrook, Northamp- 
 tonsliire, 1666. Prebendaay of St. Paul's, 1667. Bishop of 
 Chester, 1668. Died 1672. [B.A. 1631. M.A. 1634. B.D. 
 1648. D.D. 1649-]
 
 THE CHAPEL 157 
 
 Mr. Abraham Caley. — Sizar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1622. 
 Fellow, 165, y. Rector of Rayleigh, Essex, 1 64I. Preacher of 
 Grafs Inn, 1662. Ejected from his Rectory in August of that 
 year, and probably ceased at the same time to preach at Gray's 
 Inn, for his successor was elected in November. Died, some 
 time before March 13, 167I. [B.A. i62|. M.A. 1629. B.D. 
 1637.] 
 
 Dr. Zachary Cradock. — Pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 
 1647. Fellow of Queen's, Cambridge, 1654, and re-admitted 
 (as havmg been appointed during the Commonwealth) at the 
 Restoration in 1660. Preacher of Gray^s Inn, 1662. Chap- 
 lain in Ordinary to the King, .... Prebendary of Chichester ; 
 and immediately afterwards. Canon Residentiary, by Royal 
 Letters Mandatory, i6&{}. Chaplain to the British Residents 
 at Lisbon, i6?-|}. Fellow of Eton, 1671. Provost of Eton, 
 168?. Died, 1695. [B.A. 165?. M.A. 1654. B.D. 1661. 
 D.D. 1666.] 
 
 Dr. William Clagett. — Pensioner of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 
 1660. Lecturer of St. Maiy's, Bury St. Edmund's, 1672. 
 Preacher of Gray" s Inn, 167^. Chaplain in Ordinary to the 
 King, 1677. Lecturer of St. Michael, Bassinghaugh (Basing- 
 hall), . . . Rector of Farnham Royal, Bucks, 1683. Died, 
 1688. [B.A. i66|. M.A. 1667. D.D. 1683.] 
 
 Archbishop William Wake. — Student of Christchurch, Oxford, 
 1672. Preacher of Grafs Inn, 1688. Deputy Clerk of the 
 Closet to the King, 1688. Canon of Cliristchurch, 1689. 
 Rector of St. James, Westminster, 1693. Dean of Exeter, 
 1701. Bishop of Lincoln, 1705. Archbishop of Canterbuiy, 
 171*. Died, I73f. [B.A. 1676. M.A. 1679. B. and D.D. 
 1689.] 
 
 Dr. Thomas Richardson. — Sizar of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 
 167*. Fellow of Eton, 1684. Preacher of Gray's Inn, id^);. 
 Prebendary of Ely, 169J. Master of Peterhousc, Cambridge, 
 1699. Chaplain in Ordinary to the King, 1716. Died, 1733. 
 [B.A. 1675. M.A. 1682. D.D. 1698.]
 
 158 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Bean Robert Moss. — Sizar of Benet or Corpus Christi College, Cam- 
 bridge, 1682. Fellow, 1686. One of the University Preachers, 
 1693. Preacher of Grafs hni, 1698. Preacher Assistant at 
 St. James, Westminster, if§o. Chaplain in Ordinary to the 
 King, 1701. Lecturer of St. Lawrence, Jewry, 1708. Dean 
 of Ely, 1 7 13. Rector of Gilston, Herts, 17 14. Died, 1729. 
 [B.A. i58|. M.A. 1689. B.D. 1696. D.D. 1705.] 
 
 Dr. William Norton.— Scholar of King's College, Cambridge, 1705. 
 Fellow, 1708. Rector of Walkeme, Herts, 1722. Vicar of 
 Deptford, Kent, 1728. Preacher of Grafs Inn, i'j2(). Died, 
 1731. [B.A. 1709. M.A. 1713. D.D. 1728.] 
 
 Archdeacon Henry Stebbing. — Sizar of Catherine Hall, Cambridge, 
 1705. Fellow, 1 7 10. Rector of Rickinghall Inferior, Suffolk, 
 circ. 1714. Rector of Garboldisham, Norfolk, 1726. Lecturer 
 of St. Mary-le-Bow, London, 1731. Preacher of Gray's Inn, 
 1 73 1. Chaplain in Ordinary to the King, 1 73^. Archdeacon 
 of AVilts, 1735. Chancellor of the Diocese of Sanim, 1739. 
 Boyle Lecturer, 1747 — 1749. Died, 1763. [B.A. 170I. M.A. 
 1712. D.D. 1730.] 
 
 Dr. Henry Stebbing. — Pensioner of Catherine Hall, Cambridge, 
 1735. Fellow, 1739. Rector of Coton, Co. Cambridge, 1744. 
 Rector of Gimmingham and Trunch, Norfolk, 1748. Preacher 
 of Grafs Inn, 1749. Chaplain in Ordinary to the King, 1757. 
 Taxor of the University, 1759. F.R.S. 1765. F.S.A. 1769. 
 Died, 1787. [B.A. 1735. M.A. 1742. D.D. 1759.] 
 
 Bishop Walker King. — Scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 
 1769. Probationary Fellow, 1778. Fellow, 1780. Preacher 
 of Gray's Inn, i"]^]. Prebendary of Peterborough, 1794. (He 
 retained this dignity till his death.) Chaplain to Earl Fitz- 
 william, while Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. Prebendaiy of 
 Westminster, 1808, but resigned this Prebend on becoming 
 Bishop of Rochester, 1809. Died, 1827. [B.A. 1771. M.A. 
 1775. B. and D.D. 1788.]
 
 THE CHAPEL 159 
 
 Dr. Matthew Baine. — Pensioner of Trinity College, Cambridge, 
 1778. i6th Wrangler at B.A., 1782. JNIembers' Prizeman, 
 
 1783, and again in 1784. Fellow, 1783. Fourth College Sub- 
 Lecturer, 1785. Chief Sub-Lecturer, 1787. Head Master of 
 Charterhouse School, 1791. F.R.S. 1803. Preacher of Gray'' s 
 Inn, 1809. Rector of Little Hallingbury, Essex, 1810. Died, 
 1811. [B.A. 1782. M.A. 1785. B.D. 1794. D.D. 1799.] 
 
 Mr. William Mansfield. — Pensioner of Queen's College, 1800, and 
 afterwards of Trinity College, Cambridge. 12th Senior Optime 
 at B.A., 1804. Travelling Bachelor, 1804. Preacher of Gray'' s 
 Inn, 1811. Rector of Milton Bryant, Bedfordshire, 181 1. 
 Rector of Collyweston, Northamptonshire, 1812. Died, 1854. 
 [B.A. 1804. M.A. 1807.] 
 
 Mr. Jolm Honywood Eandolph. — Student of Christ Church, Oxford, 
 1809. 2nd Class sub. lin. in Litt. Humanior. at B.A., 1812. 
 Preacher of Gray's Tint, 1 815. Rector of Burton Coggles, 
 Lincolnshire, 1816. Chaplain of the British Factory at St. 
 Petersburg, 1818. Rector of Fobbing, Essex, 1822. Prebendary 
 of St. Paul's, 1822, and in the same year Rector of Northolt, 
 Middlesex, which in 1835 h*-" exchanged for the Chapel of St. 
 Leonard's-on-Sea. Rector of Mistlcy with Bradfield and 
 Manningtree, Essex, 1839. Rector of Sanderstead, Surrey, 
 1845. Proctor in Convocation of Canterbury from 1852 to 
 1868. Died, 1868. [B.A. 1812. M.A. 1815.] 
 
 Dr. George Shepherd. — Commoner of University College, Oxford, 
 
 1784. Scholar, 1788. P'ellow, 1794. College Tutor, 1798 — 
 1808. Public Examiner in the University, 1803 — 1804, and also 
 1807 — 1808. Select Preacher in the University, 1808, 18 14, 
 and 1825. Rector of St. Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange, in 
 the City of London, 1807. Preacher of Gray^s Inn, 1817. 
 Proctor in Convocation of Canterbury from 1833 to 1841. 
 Chaplain to Lord Tenterdcn. Died, 1849. [B.A. 1788. M.A. 
 1790. B.D. 1807. D.D. 1820.] 
 
 Archdeacon James Augustus Hessey. — I'robationary Fellow of St. 
 John's College, Oxford, 1832. Fellow, 1835. ist Class in
 
 1 60 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Litt. Humanior. at B.A., 1836. Vicar of Helidon, Northamp- 
 tonshire, 1839, but resigned it in the same year. College Logic 
 Lecturer, 1839 — 1842. Examiner for the Hertford Latin 
 Scholarship at Oxford in 1842 and 1844. Public Examiner in 
 the University, 1842 — 1844. Head Master of Merchant Taylors' 
 School, 1845 — 1870. Select Preacher in the University of Ox- 
 ford, 1849. Preacher of Gray's Inn, 1850. Bampton Lec- 
 turer, i860. Prebendary of St. Paul's, i860— 1875. Grinfield 
 Lecturer in the Septuagint in the University of Oxford (for two 
 years), June, 1865. Reappointed Grinfield Lecturer (for two 
 years), June, 1867. Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of 
 London, 1870. Boyle Lecturer, 1871 — 1873. Classical Ex- 
 aminer, Indian Civil Service, 1872 — 1874. Governor of Repton 
 School, 1874 ; of Aldenham School, 1875 ; of St. Paul's School, 
 1876 ; of Highgate School, 1876. Appointed Examiner in the 
 Honor's Schools of Theology, Oxford, 1875, but resigned with- 
 out acting. Archdeacon of Middlesex, 1875. Select Preacher 
 in the University of Cambridge, 1878 and 1879. [B.A. 1836. 
 M.A. 1840. B.D. 1845. B. and D.C.L. 1846. D.D. of the 
 University of the South, Tennessee, 1884.] 
 
 Dr. Alfred Theophilus Lee. — Pensioner of Christ's College, Cam- 
 bridge, 1849. Foundation Scholar, 1850. Porteus Gold Medal- 
 list, 1853. Vicar of Elson, Gosport, Hants, 1856. Rector of 
 Ahoghill, Diocese of Connor, Ireland, 1858. Rural Dean, i860. 
 Chaplain to the Duke of Abcrcorn, the Lord-Lieutenant of Ire- 
 land, 1866. Domestic Chaplain to the Marquis of Donegal, 
 1857. Proctor for the Clergy of Connor in the National Synod, 
 1869. Clerical Assessor in the Bishop's Court, 1870. Secre- 
 tary to the Church Defence Institution, and to the Tithe Re- 
 demption Trust, 187 1. Preacher of Gray's Inn, !?,](). Died, 
 1883. [B.A. 1853. M.A. 1856, Cambridge. LL.D. of Dublin, 
 1866. D.C.L. of Oxford, 1S67.] 
 
 Dr. Thomas Henry Stokoe. — Lord Crewe's Exhibitioner of Lincoln 
 College, Oxford, 1851. 1st Class in Litt. Humanior. at B.A., 
 1855. Denyer Theological Prizeman, 1859. 2nd Master of 
 Clifton College, 1861 — 1863. Head Master of the Grammar
 
 THE CHAPEL i6i 
 
 School and Perpetual Curate of Holy Trinity Church, Rich- 
 mond, Yorkshire, 1863—1871. Head Master Reading School, 
 1871— 1877. Head Master of King's College School, 1880. 
 Preacher at the Foundling Hospital, 1883. Preacher of Gray's 
 Inn, 1883. [B.A. 1855. M.A. 1857. B. and D.D. 1871.]' 
 
 By an order of the 15th November, 1598, it was 
 ordered, " that the Reader in Divinity to be chosen 
 shall be a man unmarried, and having no ecclesiastical 
 living other than a prebend without care of souls, nor 
 Readership in any other place, and that he shall keep 
 the same place during his continuance unmarried, and 
 not being preferred to any ecclesiastical living or other 
 Readership, and no longer." 
 
 This order corresponds with a usage formerly existing 
 respecting the vergers of St. Paul's Cathedral, who 
 were required by one of the Cathedral statutes to be in 
 a state of celibacy, or to relinquish their wives or their 
 office. The statute says "that because having a wife is 
 a troublesome and disturbing affair, and husbands are 
 apt to study the wishes of their wives or their mistresses, 
 and no man can serve two masters, the vergers are to 
 be either bachelors or to give up their wives." IMilman, 
 Annals 0/ Si. Pauls, 142 {noie.) 
 
 In the several Inns of Court, to which admittance 
 could be gained only by persons of good birth and 
 social standing, it was inevitable that some members 
 should be found who adhered to the ancient forms of 
 faith, handed down to them through a long line of 
 ancestors,, and thus rendered doubly binding on their 
 
 D. M
 
 i62 GRAY'S INN 
 
 consciences. Suspicion very naturally was directed to- 
 wards any gentlemen who absented themselves from 
 Church, or neglected to partake of Holy Communion 
 in the manner prescribed by law. 
 
 " Now as for the gentlemen of the Inns of Court," 
 sa3^s Strype {Annals, a.d. 1569) " as many of them were 
 justly suspected, so several of them were brought be- 
 fore the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and examined 
 upon three points, — first, for their coming to service ; 
 secondly, for their receiving the communion ; and, 
 thirdly, for their hearing of mass ; which had been pri- 
 vately said at the Temple. How guilty they were may 
 be guessed by the shifting answer some of them made to 
 the first inquiry ; saying they came to the Temple church 
 upon Sundays and holydays ; meaning no more than that 
 they came and walked about the roundel there." 
 
 The inquisitorial nature of the interrogatories to which 
 they were bound to answer, and which well-nigh pre- 
 cluded the possibility of any evasion, may be estimated 
 from the subjoined extract {State Papers {Domestic) 
 Elizabeth, 1569 — vol. 60, No. 70) : — 
 
 " An abstract of the examination of such gentilmen 
 of the Innes of Court which have byn lately 
 conventyd before the queues ma**"^ commis- 
 sioners appoyntyd for causes ecclesiasticall to 
 gether w"' the Interrogatories wheruppon every 
 of them have bene severally examynyd. 
 
 I. Interr' Inprimis whether they and every of them 
 have orderly uppon sondaies and hollydaies gon to
 
 THE CHAPEL 163 
 
 their parryshe churche or other place of commen 
 prayer and there abyden the heringe of devyne 
 service withowt some reasonable cause, And where 
 they have so gone to service. 
 
 To the first Interrogatory. 
 Greys Inn. 
 
 Walter Norton He saithc that by the space of 
 theys ij yeres last past being sins he hath 
 byne a practytioner he hath but seldome 
 resortyd to the church by reason of his 
 busines and clientes causes but before that 
 time he usually went to churche. 
 
 Rich. Godfrey Seith that he did usually go to 
 the Church savinge untill abowt a xij moneth 
 last past as he remembereth sins w''*' time 
 he hath had a scruple in conscience w'^'' 
 made him to dowbt whether he might law- 
 fully goe to church or noe, yet he hath some 
 time resorted to churche although not so 
 usually as before. 
 
 Marckc Oglethorpe He saith that beingc of late 
 in Yorckshere he used accustumably to go 
 to the Churche and sins his cummynge to 
 Greys Inne being abowt fortenight last past 
 he hath byne iij or iiij times at service at 
 Greys Inne Chappelle, and sometimes he 
 commeth to Powles to service and to the 
 sermons. 
 
 M 2
 
 1 64 GRAY'S INN 
 
 2. Interr' Item whether they and every of them have 
 
 yerely recevyd the communion accordinge to the 
 Lawe, viz., iij tymes a yere, sins midsomer the fyrst 
 yere of the quenes Ma**"' raigne. 
 
 To the second Interrogatory. 
 Walter Norton He saith that he hath recevid 
 the communion sins the quenes ma*" Raigne, 
 but he hath not recevyd theis ij or iij yeres 
 last past. 
 Rich. Godfrey He saith that he thincketh he 
 hath not receved the communion sins the 
 quenes ma**"^ raigne but ons ; and seith that 
 he cannot precisely say that he recevid ons. 
 Marck Oglethorp He saith that by reason of 
 certen scruples in his conscience he hath 
 not recevid the communion of late, and as 
 farr as he can remember he hath not recevid 
 theis iij or iiij yeres last past. 
 
 3. Interr' Item whether they and ever}' of them have 
 
 not hard other fourme of prayer or service then is 
 appoyntid by the Lawes, viz., masse, mattens, or 
 evensonge in Lattene, or have byne shrevene or 
 howselid after the popish maner. 
 
 To the third Interrogatory. 
 
 Walter Norton He saith that he hath not hard 
 masse sins the first yere of the quenes ma*"* 
 raigne, and to the rest of the matters con- 
 teynid in this article, he trust he is not com- 
 pellable by Lawe to aunswer to the same. 
 
 Rich. Godfrey He saith that he beleveth he is
 
 THE CHAPEL 165: 
 
 not compellable by the Lawes to answer to 
 this Interrogatory, if he hath hard masse he 
 saith he is not impeachable by the Lawes 
 of the realme, as his case standeth. 
 
 Marck Oglethorpe He saith that sins that time 
 that the bishop of London and other the 
 commissioners called certaine gentilmen of 
 th innes of Court for heringe of masse he 
 hath not hard any masse, nor at any time 
 before punyshablc by the Lawe as he 
 thincketh. 
 
 Persall A gentilman of that howse beinge in 
 towne when he was sent for, doth absent 
 him self, and as it is said departid into the 
 countrey 
 
 Worseley A gentilman of that howse beinge 
 also sent for absentith him self." 
 
 In the Lansdowne MSS., No. 109, aii. 5, there is a 
 copy of an Order of the Privy Council, directing the 
 Benchers of Lincoln's Inn and other Inns of Court, "to 
 prefer none who refuse conformity to the established 
 religion." As an illustration of this order, the following 
 testimonial of Thomas Walker's religion from Robert 
 Dorsett, Dean of Chester, 1579, appears in the records 
 of the Society : — 
 
 " To the right Worshipfull the Readers of Grais Inne. 
 " Whereas, I have been requested by one Thomas 
 Walker to give my testimony of his religion unto your 
 worshippcs. These are to certcfy you thai uppon good
 
 i66 GRAY'S INN 
 
 and certayne information, I am persuaded that he is 
 zealous of the truth and hateth the Pope and all his 
 doctrines. And as he hath been brought upp by good 
 education in the faith of Christe so beinge nourished 
 by you in that truth will growe up farther into a more 
 perfit knowledge by diligent learninge of the preachers 
 of Godd's worde and done exercise in his service and 
 true religion. And thus wishinge unto your Worshippes 
 all wisdome and knowledge in the lorde our Saviour, I 
 take my leave from Oxforde the xxi May, 1576. 
 
 " Robert Dorsett." 
 
 The joint and several contributions of all members of 
 the Society were naturally commanded towards the con- 
 servation of the Chapel, and whatsoever was requisite 
 for the due and proper celebration of divine service : — 
 
 1572. " Ordered that every Reader of this Inn pay 
 every term 1^.4^?. towards the support of a Chaplain and 
 things necessary in and about the Chapel; and every 
 of the Grand Company and every other Fellow {socius) 
 called to the Bar shall pay every term %d., .to the hands 
 of the Dean of the Chapel for the time being." 
 
 1629. "That every Reader pay termly 3J. ^.', every 
 Ancient is. ; every Barrister is. Sd. ; every Gentleman 
 under the Barr is. 4^/. for the Preachers allowance ; or 
 in default be put of Commons." 
 
 The attendance on divine service was specially en- 
 joined on the members, and the Communion was 
 directed to be celebrated periodically in the Chapel,
 
 THE CHAPEL 167 
 
 and on such occasions every one was compelled to 
 be present, as appears on record : — 
 
 1574. "Ordered that everie Michaelmas terme and 
 cverie Ester terme there shal be a generall communion 
 and that everie Companyon of this House beinge in 
 Comens in any tyme of any of the said termes havinge 
 a Chamber in the House shall reseave the same in Greis 
 Inne Chappell once in everie of the saide termes uppon 
 payne of being out of Comens and to pay his Comens 
 untill he be receyved agayne into Comens." 
 
 1585-6, "To the end it maye be known whether any 
 do lodge in the House that either be not of the House 
 or beinge of the House keep not in Comons resort not 
 to Divine Service nor receyve the Communion accord- 
 ingc to advertisement lately signified unto us by letters 
 from Her Majesty's Most Honourable Pryve Councell. 
 That therefore there shall be Surveyors yearly chosen 
 to search all the Chambers of the House at such time 
 as they think metest and to take the names of all suche 
 as do lye in anye of the Chambers aforesaid and to 
 present the same to the Readers every terme." 
 
 1623. " All strangers to be kept out of the Chapell at 
 Sermon, but such as are brought in by some of the 
 Society. And all the gentlemen to goe out of the 
 Chappell bare-headed in decent manner." 
 
 Special regulations were made 6 May, 1629, to lix 
 the order in which the members should sit, and also to 
 exclude women, boys, and strangers : — 
 
 "That none but Readers and their Assistants sit in 
 the Readers' seats upon pain of amerciament.
 
 168 GRAY'S INN 
 
 " That none but Ancients sit in the two uppermost 
 seats on each side in the body of the Chappel ; nor any 
 but Barristers in the three seats on each side next. 
 
 "That no Women or Boyes be suffered to come 
 within the Chappell. 
 
 "That no stranger be admitted to come into the 
 Chapel before the Bell cease, unless he be brought in 
 by a Fellow of the Society." 
 
 It is shown, by the Origines (pp. 308, 309) of Dugdale, 
 that the Chapel in his day (1671) contained much 
 painted glass. Some of the arms, which he engraved, 
 have been removed to the Hall, and others have dis- 
 appeared entirely. Of the latter, many displayed a 
 great number of quarterings, including those of— 
 
 Esm6 Stuart, earl of March ; 
 
 Sir William Husse, Chief Justice of King's Bench 
 
 {temp. Eliz.), impaling Berkeley (for Elizabeth, his 
 
 wife, dau. of Tho. Berkeley, esq.) ; 
 Edward Grey, viscount Lisle ; 
 Edmund Dudley {kmp. Hen. VH.) alone, and the 
 
 same impaling Grey (for Elizabeth, his wife, 
 
 dau. and heir of Edward Grey, viscount Lisle) ; 
 Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper. 
 
 The only armorial bearings now in the Chapel are in 
 the Eastern window of five lights. They are — 
 
 Juxon (William), Archbishop of Canterburj'. See of Canterbury 
 impaling Juxon ; (Or, a cross gules between four blackamoors' 
 heads couped beneath the shoulders and wreathed about the 
 temples). [303, roiu i.] a.d. 16G0.
 
 THE CHAPEL 169 
 
 King (Walker), Bishop of Rochester. See of Rochester (Argent, 
 on a saltire gules an escallop or) impaling King (Sable, a lion 
 rampant or between three cross crosslets argent). A.D. 1800. 
 
 Morley (George), Bishop of Winchester. See of Winchester 
 (Gu. two keys indorsed in bend, the uppermost ar. the other 
 or, a sword interposed between them in bend sinister of the 
 second, pommel and hilt gold) impaling Morley (Argent, a lion 
 rampant sable, crowned or, armed and langued gules). [303, 
 row 2.] A.D. 1664. 
 
 Sheldon (Gilbert), Archbishop of Canterbuiy. See of Canter- 
 bury impaling Sheldon (Argent, on a chevron gules three 
 sheldrakes of the field, on a canton of the second a rose of the 
 first). [303, ro7V I.] A.D. 1664. 
 
 Wake (William), Archbishop of Canterbury. See of Canterbury 
 impaling Wake (Or, two bars gules, in chief three torteaux ; 
 in fess-point a trefoil slipt of the field). A.D. 1715. 
 
 Crewe (Nathaniel), Bishop of Durham. See of Durham (Azure, a 
 cross or between four lions rampant argent) impaling Crewe 
 (Azure, a lion rampant argent), a.d. 1663. 
 
 In 1862 the late Samuel Turner, Esq., one of the 
 Masters of the Bench, and Dean of the Chapel, pre- 
 sented the Society with three handsome windows, 
 representing — 
 
 1. Christ in the Temple in the midst of the Doctors ; 
 
 2. Christ in the act of delivering the Sermon on the 
 
 Mount ; 
 
 3. The Ascension of Christ. 
 
 Marriages were solemnized in this Chapel many years 
 before the present Register was commenced, as appears 
 by the "matrimonial allegations" in the Bishop of 
 London's Registry, in which the earliest on record is
 
 I70 GRAY'S INN 
 
 7 June, 1 66 1. The entries of marriages commenced 
 on the yth of May, 1695, and the baptisms in 1707. A 
 description of the Register, and some interesting ex- 
 tracts relating to persons of good social position, are 
 to be found in Nichols' Collectanea Topog. et Gen., 
 No. 157 ; and Mr. Joseph Foster has printed all the 
 marriages celebrated in this Chapel (1695 — 1754) in his 
 Collectanea Genealogica, vol. iii.
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 €8e Eii&rari)* 
 
 IJEFORE describing the Library of Gray's Inn, 
 it may be desirable to refer briefly to the 
 date of the foundation of the Libraries of 
 the other Inns of Court. Neither of the Libraries can 
 be traced further back than the very end of the fifteenth 
 century. Indeed, the extent of legal literature in those 
 days was too limited to make large collections necessary 
 or possible. Even when Coke wrote in the seventeenth 
 century {Preface io ^rd Report) he only counted up 
 fifteen books or treatises, and as many volumes of 
 reports, in addition to the statutes ; or, as it was ex- 
 pressed by Fuller {Worthies, ed. Nichols, 1811, i. 21) a 
 good deal later: — "I can but admire at the comparative 
 paucity of the books of our Common Law, in proportion 
 to those written of the Civil and Canon Law. Oh, how 
 corpulent are the corpus' es of both those Lawes ! besides, 
 their shadows are far bigger than their bodies; their 
 glosses larger than their text. Insomuch, that one may 
 bury two thousand pounds and upwards, in the purchase, 
 and yet hardly compasse a moity of them ; whereas all
 
 172 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 the Writers of the Common Law (except they be much 
 multiplyed very lately) with all the Year Books belong- 
 ing thereunto, may be bought for threescore pounds or 
 thereabouts." 
 
 In the reign of Queen Elizabeth the entire Library of 
 William Rastall — a Justice of the Queen's Bench who, 
 by leaving England for foreign parts by way of Graves- 
 end, 3rd January, 156 1-2, without first obtaining the 
 Royal licence, forfeited to the Crown all his goods and 
 chattels — was found, under a Special Commission issued 
 in 4 Eliz. out of the Court of Exchequer (No. 1393), to 
 consist of some four-and-twenty law books only. The 
 return is dated 19th October, 1562. 
 
 Bokes of William Rastall, late one of the Justices of the Kynges 
 Benche, remaynyng in his late lodginge within Sergeantes Ynne 
 in Londone. 
 
 Imprimis, an abridgement in paper of the Lawe, precii 
 Item the Yeres \i. e. Year-Books] of Edwarde the third 
 
 precii . . 
 Item the Yeres of He[nry the 7,] and R[ichard] the 
 
 precii 
 Item Edward the 4, precii , . 
 Item the Booke of Assises, precii 
 Item H. the 7th, precii 
 Item H. the forth, and E. the 5, precii , . 
 Item the Abridgement of the Statutes, precii , . 
 Item one parte of the Abridgement of Pinsons, precii 
 Item Richard the Second, precii 
 Item one booke of Livye, precii 
 Item Janitor and Ewclides mathematicall, precii . . 
 Item Eusebye Historyes tripartita, precii 
 Item Sermones Augustini in a lardge volume, precii 
 Item Novum Testamentum giece et latine, precii 
 
 ijj. 
 
 X s. 
 
 iiij s. 
 
 V s. 
 iij s. iiij d. 
 
 iiij s. 
 
 V s. 
 iij s. iiij d. 
 
 ij d. 
 
 ij J. 
 
 iij s. iiij d. 
 
 XX d. 
 
 ij J. 
 
 xvj d. 
 
 XX d.
 
 THE LIBRARY 173 
 
 Item Horase with a comentary, precii . . .... xij ^. 
 
 Item divers bookes peitaynyng to the lawe and other 
 
 matters, precii . . . . . . . . . , \] s. 
 
 Item x''* of E. the third, precii . . . . . . . . iij j. iiij J. 
 
 Item Statutes from H. the 3. to H. the 8, precii . , iiij s. 
 
 Item the Salter in greeke, precii . . . . . . \iij d. 
 
 Item a dixonary of Eliot, precii . . . . .... xij d. 
 
 Item Eneidos Virgilius in Frenche, precii . . . . xi] d. 
 
 Item a dixonary in greeke, precii . . , . . , viij d. 
 
 Item Horasse and Tullie de Oratore, precii . . . , xij d. 
 
 Item the Testament in Frenche, precii . . . . . . viij d. 
 
 Item Winchesters booke agaynst Buser, precii . . vj d. 
 
 Item the Old abridgment of the Statutes, precii . . . . iiij d. 
 
 Item Ewripides in lattyn and greeke, precii . . . . xij d. 
 
 Item thabridgment of the Booke of Assises and Perkjais xij d. 
 
 Item Magna Carta and thabridgment of the Statutes . , viij d. 
 
 Item Littletons tenures and Tractatus de legibus, precii . . vj ^. 
 
 Item Illucidarius poeticus, precii . . . . .... in] d. 
 
 Item Adrianus de modo latine loquenda, precii . . ij d. 
 Item the great abridgment of the Statutes, precii . . . . iij s. iiij d. 
 
 Item the Bible wreten in parchement, precii . . . . ij j. 
 
 Item de borboni and Lucians dialoges in greeke . . . . v] d. 
 
 Item Stamfordes Booke of the Crowne, precii. . . . xij d. 
 
 Item divers bookes of the Statutes in parchement, precii ij d. 
 
 Item theodory gasie Institutes and the parafraces, precii . . xij d. 
 
 Item . . . tio septem sacramentorum, precii . . . . iiij d. 
 
 Item a booke of the Common Lawe of the lardge volume, 
 
 precii . . . . . . . . . . . . xij </. 
 
 The Library of Lincoln's Inn apparently dates from 
 1497, when one John Nethersale, a member of the 
 Society, made a bequest of 40 marks, ** partly towards 
 the building of a Library for the benefit of the Students 
 of the laws of England, and partly that every priest of 
 the house in the celebration of divine service every 
 Friday, should sing a mass or requiem, &c., for the 
 soul of the said John."
 
 174 GRAY'S INN 
 
 The date of the foundation of the Library of the 
 Inner Temple is not exactly known ; but its existence 
 can undoubtedly be traced back to the year 1540. In 
 the middle of the seventeenth century, it received a 
 considerable benefaction from the well-known William 
 Petyt, Keeper of the Tower Records. Besides money, 
 he gave the Library a considerable collection of manu- 
 scripts. 
 
 The date of the foundation of the Middle Temple 
 Library is usually stated as 1641. This is the date of 
 the death of Robert Ashley, a barrister of the Society, 
 who left his collection of books as well as a sum of 
 money to be devoted to the formation of a Library, and 
 who has, therefore, been considered the founder of the 
 Library. A Library, however, in connection with this 
 Inn, undoubtedly existed as early as, if not antecedent 
 to, the reign of Henry VIII. , since, there is, in one of 
 the Cotton MSS. {Viiellms, C. IX., fol. 317) "A de- 
 scription of the form and manner, how and by what 
 Orders and Customes the state of the Fellowship of 
 the Middle Temple (one of the Houses of the Court) is 
 maintained, and what wayes they have to attaine unto 
 learning" ijevip., H. VIII.). The following is an ex- 
 tract : — 
 
 In their lyberarry I wyshe that there moughte be bokes in maner 
 of all kynde of lemynge and suche as were of the newest edycyon 
 and best settyng forthe and that there were a table in the said 
 lyberarry declaring what bokes ther were in it, and at what seat 
 they moughte be founde. 
 
 Furdermore I thinke it moste convenyent that every one that is 
 admytted for a student and lemer in the house shulde have a key
 
 THE LIBRARY 175 
 
 unto the same lyberaiy and that they shulde be swome in i\p poNTit 
 to empair and embesyll the bokes of the same lyberary, and feider 
 that they shuld suffer no stranger to be ther alone. 
 
 Againe it were best that every weke ones one of the offycers and 
 mynistres of the house shuld swepe the lybrary clene and make 
 clene the setes and by clapping of the bokes togethers take away the 
 duste frome them and wype them with some clothe. 
 
 Coming to the Library of Gray's Inn, the Harlcian 
 MS. 5900, fol. 45 d, states : — " Gray's Inn hath a 
 Library of the use of the Society and Students of that 
 house, mostly consisting of books relating to the law 
 and history ; first founded by the Lord Verulam." 
 Francis Bacon became a member of the Inn in 1576 
 only, while we find, at the commencement of the exist- 
 ing records, an account, dated 1568, of repairs which 
 had been done in that year to " my Lord Keeper's 
 Chamber by ye Lyberary ; " and several Orders, from the 
 year 1571 onwards, speak of candidates for the degree 
 of utter-barrister having to perform exercises at the 
 " skrecn of the Library." Moreover, the will of Robert 
 Chaloner of Stanley, one of the Council of the North, 
 dated 7th July, 1555, shows that there was even then a 
 Library. He had been a Reader of Gray's Inn in 1 5 2 1 .* 
 An extract from his will is given in the Register of the 
 Guild of Corpus Chrisii in the City of JTorJi, of which 
 guild he became a member in 1525, published by the 
 Surtces Society in 1872 (p. 206) as follows: — 
 
 " I will that all my bookes of lawe, as well those whiche ar at 
 Yorke as at my house, also all those whiclic be at London, yf tlieic 
 
 * A volume of Readings in MS., wliich once belonged to Robert 
 Chaloner, was sold at the sale of tlic Townley Liliraiy, in 1883.
 
 176 GRAY'S INN 
 
 can be conveied, hadde, or caiyed by any meanes to Grauisin, to 
 my cosin, Robert Nowell, and then xIj. in moneye to be delyvered 
 unto the said Robert Nowell, to tli' entent that he male by cheines 
 therwath and fasten so manye of them in the Librarye at Grauisin 
 as he shall thinke convenyente, and all the residue whiche are not 
 necessarye for the said librarye my said cosin Nowell to take or 
 gyve at his pleasure. To the Commoners of Grauisin xxj. for suche 
 wronge as I did to the house when I contynued there." 
 
 These are believed to be the earhest references to the 
 Library extant ; but, scanty though they be, they are 
 sufficient to prove the foundation of the Library prior 
 to the time of Bacon. 
 
 During the first half of the seventeenth century, the 
 members of the Lm appear to have taken a very lively 
 interest in the state of the Library, and to have added 
 greatly to its contents by donations of books. Among 
 the earliest of these donors were the following, viz. (in 
 1634) Sir John Finch, afterwards Lord Keeper, and 
 Sir John Bankes, who was then Attorney-General, and 
 afterwards became Chief Justice of the Common Pleas ; 
 (in 1635) Sir Richard Hutton, one of the Justices of 
 the Common Pleas ; Sir Edward Moseley, Attorney- 
 General for the County Palatine of Lancaster ; John 
 Godbolt, one of the Readers of the Society; and Francis 
 and Nathaniel Bacon, nephews of " mighty Verulam ; " 
 and (in 1636-38) Sir Dudley Digges, who was then 
 Master of the Rolls. 
 
 That some considerable use, and probably some 
 abuse, of this collection was made, may be inferred 
 from the fact that in 1645 two of the Masters of the 
 Bench were desired to make inquiry " as to what books
 
 THE LIBRARY 177 
 
 had been delivered out of the Library, and by whom 
 and to whom." Possibly as a result of this it was 
 ordered that " noe Reader or other member of this 
 Societie may take any booke out of the Library," and 
 that "William Swynfeild be appointed to keepe the 
 Library and the books there, and to have 3/. 6^-. Sd. by 
 the yeere for his service there, and hee is to alter the 
 present lock and key at the House charge." 
 
 In 1669 it was ordered "that forasmuch as divers 
 books in the Library have been embezzled, and divers 
 others are forthwith to be brought in by INIr. Raworth 
 according to a former order, that the Library Keeper 
 do make an exact Catalogue of the said Library, and of 
 those to be brought in, that if any of them shall be em- 
 bezzled or lost, the Library Keeper shall answer for 
 them, and duplicate of them to be left with the Trea- 
 surer for the time being." The books " to be brought 
 in by Mr. Raworth" seem to have consisted of about 
 one hundred volumes ; and this large increase to the 
 Library was occasioned as follows. Mr. Raworth had 
 been called upon to perform the office of Reader; 
 but, being unable to do this, " by reason of some in- 
 firmities of his body then upon him," he had offered, 
 by way of fine for his delinquency, " the sum of 200/., 
 to be paid into the Treasury of the Society for the use 
 thereof." And it was thereupon ordered "that upon 
 payment of the said sum of 200/., the said I\Ir. Raworth" 
 should " continue at the Bench, and enjoy the privileges 
 of a Bencher, and have a voice in Pension as formerly." 
 
 D. N
 
 178 GRAY'S INN 
 
 By a subsequent Order, made the 28th November, 1668, 
 it was ordered "that 20:/. be paid by Mr. Raworth into 
 the Treasury, to be disposed of, viz. : 100/, for books 
 to the Library, and the other 100/. towards repairs in 
 the walks." And, accordingly, 100/. of the fine thus 
 imposed on Mr. Raworth appears to have been ex- 
 pended, as stated above, in the purchase of about one 
 hundred volumes, consisting principally of law books, — 
 which books are now in the Library, and are duly, but 
 it would seem not quite accurately, inscribed as having 
 been "Ex Dono Roberti Raworth, i66g." 
 
 In 1674, Simon Segar, the compiler of the well-known 
 manuscript No. 191 2 in the Harleian Collection, was 
 appointed " Second Butler and Library Keeper." In 
 i68g, the Treasurer and two Benchers were desired to 
 make a fresh Catalogue, which was done accordingly. 
 And it appears from this Catalogue, which is still in 
 existence, that the Library then consisted of about 320 
 volumes,— by far the larger number of which, however, 
 were not law books. 
 
 To remedy this it was ordered, on the loth February, 
 1719, "that Mr. Treasurer do examine the books in the 
 Library, and do treat with booksellers for the exchange 
 of such of them as he shall think unnecessary, for such 
 as may be more useful to this Society." And by an 
 Order of the loth February, 1725, it was referred to a 
 Committee of the Bench, " to see what books are neces- 
 sary to complete the Library as to all law books," and 
 " to provide the Library with such as they shall see
 
 THE LIBRARY 179 
 
 wanting, or necessary to complete the same as aforesaid, 
 against the first Pension in the next Term." 
 
 It was not, indeed, until long after this date, that 
 the collection attained such dimensions as to require 
 special accommodation. In 1737 an Order was passed 
 for building a Library in Holborn Court, now known as 
 South Square. In 1840-41 further additions were made 
 by the erection of two rooms ; the shelf accommodation 
 recently became so inadequate that in 1883 a new 
 Library with other adjuncts had to be erected. The 
 new buildings, separately entered from the internal 
 angle of South Square, and fronting externally the 
 newly-made Gray's Inn Road, comprise an entrance 
 hall, vestibule and staircase, and are connected inter- 
 nally with the previous existing Libraries. An ante- 
 room, 2 1 feet long by 1 1 feet wide, forms an approach 
 to the new Library, which is 34 feet long by 21 feet 
 wide, and which is estimated to contain space sufficient 
 for upwards of 1 1,000 volumes. 
 
 In the year 1847, o"e of the IMasters of the Bench 
 was appointed " ]\Iaster of the Library," and this ar- 
 rangement has been since continued. Since that time 
 very much has been done for the Library, especially 
 under the auspices of the late Mr. W. M. Best and 
 the present Master, his Honour Judge Russell, who 
 has been re-elected to the Mastership year by year 
 since 1869. The Catalogue was printed for the first 
 time in 1872, under the direction of Master Russell, 
 and two Supplements have since been added. The 
 
 N 2
 
 i8o GRAY'S INN 
 
 collection at present consists of about 15,000 volumes. 
 Of these a reasonable proportion belong to historical 
 and general literature. But the character of the books 
 chosen has, of course, been determined in the main by 
 the purpose for which the collection exists — that of a 
 practical Law Library. Though it is not so rich in 
 American and Foreign Law books as the Libraries of 
 some of the other Inns of Court, it contains a complete 
 series of the English, Scotch, and Irish Reports, with a 
 valuable selection of those of the Courts of America. 
 And the supply of modern text books is regularly and 
 adequately maintained. For its special and primary 
 object, therefore, the Library of Gray's Inn is as 
 well provided as the Library of any other Inn of 
 Court. 
 
 The collection of manuscripts, although small, is 
 described by Mr. Alfred J. Horwood as " valuable." It 
 consists of twenty-four manuscripts, the greater number 
 of which are of monkish and mediaeval literature ; one 
 notable exception is Bracton's De Legibus et Consue- 
 iiidinihus Anglice. Nothing is known as to how or 
 when these manuscripts came into the possession of 
 the Society, except in the case of Bracton, which was 
 presented by John Godbold, one of the Readers in the 
 Inn in 1635. 
 
 They were all (except one) in the possession of the 
 Society as early, at least, as a.d. 1697; for they are 
 entered in the Catalogi Librorum Manuscriptorum 
 AnglicE et HibermcB, tom. 2, pp. 42 & 43, fol. Oxford,
 
 THE LIBRARY i8l 
 
 1697. And in addition, two more are there given which 
 are now missing. 
 
 From the Catalogue which was compiled by Mr. 
 Alfred J. Horwood, and printed in 1869, the follow- 
 ing titles are taken (omitting the minute details) : — 
 
 1. Johannis Cassiani de Institutis Egiptiorum Coenobiorum. Small 
 
 folio, I2th century, distinctly written on 98 leaves of parch- 
 ment. 
 
 2. Holkot (Robert) super Prophetas ; and other works. Folio, 
 
 14th century, on 197 leaves of parchment. 
 
 3. Passionale. Accounts of the deaths and miracles of martjTs, 
 
 beginning with St. Ansbert. Folio, nth centur)', on l6l 
 leaves of parchment. 
 
 4. Florarium Bartholomei. Folio, end of the 14th century, on 333 
 
 leaves of parchment. 
 
 5. Beda super Canticum Canticorum, &c. Small folio, 13th 
 
 centurj', on 154 leaves of vellum. This !MS. is most 
 beautiful. 
 
 6. Eobert Cowtone, super quatuor Libros Sententiarum. Small 
 
 4to, 15th centuiy, on 151 leaves of parchment. The first 
 page of each of the four books is ornamented on the margins 
 with gold and colours. 
 
 7. Petri Blesensis Epistolae ; and other works. Small folio, 13th 
 
 century, on 248 leaves of parclnnent. 
 
 8. L'Horloge de Sapience, by Jehan de Souabe. Foho, 15th 
 
 century (in French), on 119 leaves of vellum. 
 
 9. Speculum humane Salvacionis, Sec. Folio, 15th century, on 123 
 
 leaves of parchment. 
 
 10. Roman de la Rose and Testament de Jean de Meun. Folio, 
 
 of the end of the 14th century, on l6l leaves of parchment. 
 It contains 34 beautiful miniature drawings in colour, heigh- 
 tened with gold, eacli about three inches long by two inches 
 broad ; and a large drawing, occupying half of the folio, at 
 the commencement of the Testament. 
 
 11. Speculum Religiosorum, &c. Large octavo, 14th century, on 
 
 167 leaves of parclnnent.
 
 i82 GRAY'S INN 
 
 12. Latin Sermons, Sec. Folio, 14th century, on 286 leaves of 
 
 parchment. 
 
 13. Grostete de Homine errato, &c. Quarto, 14th century, on III 
 
 leaves of parchment. On the fly-leaf, at the beginning, the 
 contents are thus given, in writing of the begimiing of the 
 17 th century. 
 
 14. Isidore (Bishop of Seville), Commentaries on some of the books 
 
 of the Old Testament ; and other works. Folio, I2th and 
 13th centuries, on 137 leaves of parchment. 
 
 15. Staunthone de decern Preceptis. Small folio, 15th century, on 
 
 72 leaves of parchment. The initial letter of each command- 
 ment is ornamiented with gold and colours. 
 
 16. Monaldi Justinopolitani Summa Juris Canonici. Quarto, 14th 
 
 centuiy, on 339 leaves of vellum. 
 
 17. Ee saere Scripture profundis Misteriis, authore Rogero Bacone. 
 
 Quarto, 15th century, on 150 leaves of paper. 
 
 18. Sermones Dominicales per totum Annum ; and two other 
 
 works. Folio, 15th century, on 229 leaves of parchment. 
 
 19. Eiadema Monachorum, &c. Small folio, nth century (by an 
 
 English scribe), on 103 leaves of parchment; containing 
 portions of two works. 
 
 20. Omelie totius Anni. Homilies for all the Sundays in the Year. 
 
 Quarto, 13th century, on 228 leaves of vellum. 
 
 21. Bracton (Henricus de). Liber de legibus et consuetudinibus 
 
 Anglise. Folio, end of the 13th or beginning of the 14th 
 centuiy, on 241 leaves of parchment. The first eleven folios 
 are occupied with a fuU table of contents according to the 
 rubrics. 
 
 22. Et. Gregory's Homilies, forty in number. Small foho, 15th 
 
 centmy, on 142 leaves of parchment. The first leaf, con- 
 taining Prologue and part of Table, is absent. 
 
 23. The Eistinctiones of Eobert Grostete (Bishop of Lincoln from 
 
 A.D. 1234 to A.D. 1253) ; and other works. Folio, first half 
 of the 15th century, on 191 leaves of parchment. 
 
 24. Eiblia Latina. (Old and New Testaments and Apocrypha.) 
 
 Quarto, end of the 13 th or beginning of the 14th century, on 
 403 leaves of vellum.
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 HERE is good reason for believing that the 
 gardens of Gray's Inn were laid out in the year 
 1597, under the direction of Bacon. In that 
 year, it was ordered, "that the summe of £'] : 15^. i^d. 
 due to M'^- Bacon for planting of trees in the walkes, be 
 paid next term." In the following year, another order 
 was made for a further " supply of more yonge elme 
 trees in the places of such as are decayed and that a 
 new Rayle and quicksett hedge bee set uppon the upper 
 long walke at the good discretion of JM*"- Bacon and 
 M"^- Wilbraham soe that the charges thereof doe not 
 exceed the sum of seventy pounds." On the 29th April, 
 A.D. 1600, it was ordered "that there shall bee payed 
 and allowed unto M""- Bacon for money disbursed about 
 the Garnishing of the walkes /'60 : 6>r. 8^." 
 
 Bacon must have had a great love for gardening if 
 we may judge from his Essay thereon,* in which he 
 says, " God Almighty first planted a garden. And indeed 
 it is the purest of human pleasures. It is the greatest re- 
 freshment to the spirits of man; without which buildings 
 and palaces are but gross handyworks. . . . And because 
 the breath of flowers is far sweeter in the air (where it 
 * Essay xlvi : Of Gardens.
 
 1 84 GRAY'S INN 
 
 comes and goes like the warbling of music) than in the 
 hand, therefore nothing is more fit for that delight, than 
 to know what be the flowers and plants that do best 
 perfume the air. . . . That which above all others yields 
 the sweetest smell in the air, is the violet, especially 
 the white double violet, which comes twice a year ; 
 about the middle of April, and Bartholomew-tide. 
 Next to that is the musk rose. Then sweet briar. 
 Then wall flowers, which are very delightful to be set 
 under a parlour or lower chamber window. Then 
 pinks and gilli flowers. Then the flowers of the lime 
 tree. Then the honeysuckles, so they be somewhat 
 afar oif. Of bean-flowers I speak not, because they 
 are field flowers. But those which perfume the air 
 most delightfully, not passed by as the rest, but being 
 trodden upon and crushed, are three — that is burnet ; 
 wild thyme, and water mints ; therefore you are to set 
 whole alleys of them, to have the pleasure when you 
 walk or tread. . . . For fountains, they are a great 
 beauty and refreshment ; but pools mar all, and make 
 the garden unwholesome, and full of flies and frogs." 
 
 The author of London and its Enviro7is described (Dods- 
 ley, 1 761) makes mention (iii. 58) of a summer-house 
 which once stood in the gardens, and bore a Latin 
 inscription to the effect that Bacon erected it in 1609, 
 in memory of Jeremy Bettenham, formerly Reader of 
 Gray's Inn : — 
 
 " Till lately there was a summer-house erected by 
 the great Sir Francis Bacon, upon a small mount ; it
 
 THE GARDENS 185 
 
 was open on all sides, and the roof supported by slender 
 pillars. A few years ago the uninterrupted prospect of 
 the neighbouring fields, as far as the hills of Highgate 
 and Hampstead, was obstructed by a handsome row 
 of houses on the north; since which the above summer- 
 house has been levelled and many of the trees cut down 
 to lay the garden more open." 
 
 The inscription in memory of Bettenham was as 
 follows : — 
 
 " Franciscus Bacon, 
 
 Regis Solicitor generalis 
 
 Executor testamenti Jeremije Bettenham, 
 
 nuper Lectoris hujus hospitii, 
 
 viri innocentis, abstinentis, et contemplativi, 
 
 hanc sedem in memoriam ejusdem Jcremiae extruxit. 
 
 An. Dom. 1609." 
 
 Among the interesting incidents in connexion with 
 the gardens, Spedding {Letters, etc., vi. 347) says that 
 Raleigh, just before his last disastrous voyage to the 
 New World, had a long conversation with Bacon in 
 Gray's Inn Walks. On the north-west side of the 
 garden there is still preserved a " catalpa tree" which, 
 tradition says, was planted by Bacon. It is one of the 
 oldest in England, and may well have been brought 
 from its native soil by Raleigh. 
 
 The records of the society contain an account of such 
 trees as existed in the year 1583 : — 
 
 " In the Grene Courte, xi Elmes and iii Walnut 
 Trees. -
 
 1 86 GRAY'S INN 
 
 " In the Pannyermans Close v Elmes, under Mr. 
 Ashton and Stanhops Buildinges ; vi Elmes, in the Est 
 side of the said Close, vii Elmes in the North End of 
 the Close, xx*^ Elmes in the West side of the said 
 Close betwene the uttermost Elme of the last vii in the 
 North Ende of the Close and Corner Chamber of Mr. 
 Stanhops Buildinges; One Elme in Greis Inne close 
 near the said Pannyermans Close ; Eighteen Elmes 
 standing in and near the Mud Walle and Buyldinges 
 frome the uttermost parte of Mr. Stanhopes Corner 
 Chamber, and the Rayall that incloseth the Walke 
 against Mr. Colbies Chamber ; xix Elmes in and neare 
 the Walke inclosed, and iii Young Elmes in the West 
 end of the Walke, and one in the North side, and one 
 Younge Ashe near the Seate." 
 
 For a long time Gray's Inn Gardens was the most 
 fashionable lounge in London. James Howell, writing 
 from Venice in the year 1621, to a resident in Gray's 
 Inn, says, " I hold your walks to be the pleasantest place 
 about London, and that you have there the choicest 
 society." Stowe says these gardens " lie open to the 
 air, and the enjoyment of a delightful prospect of the 
 Fields. And this Garden hath been, for many years, 
 much resorted unto by the gentry of both sexes." 
 
 Pepys frequently visited the gardens, and mentioned 
 them in his " Diary" : — 
 
 "■June 30, 1661, Lord's day. — Here I to Graye's Inn 
 Walk, all alone, and with great pleasure seeing the fine 
 ladies walk there."
 
 THE GARDENS 187 
 
 " 4 Jlfay, 1662. — When Church was done my wife and 
 I walked to Graye's Inne, to observe fashions of the 
 ladies, because of my wife's making some clothes." 
 
 In Dryden's "Sir Martin Mar-all" (1668), the fol- 
 lowing reference to Gray's Inn Walks occurs : — 
 
 " Sir JoJm Shallow. But where did you appoint to 
 meet him ? 
 
 " Mrs. Millisent. In Gray's Inn Walks." 
 
 Addison, in the Spectator (No. 269), speaks of Sir 
 Roger de Coverley as walking on the terrace in Gray's 
 Inn Gardens, and " Hemming twice or thrice to him- 
 self with great vigour, for he loves to clear his pipes in 
 good air, to make use of his own phrase, and is not a 
 little pleased with any one who takes notice of the 
 strength which he still exerts in his morning hems." 
 Addison himself is said to have planted a tree in the 
 gardens. 
 
 Charles Lamb {Essays of Elia) gives a delightfully 
 interesting description of Gray's Inn Gardens after the 
 erection of Verulam Buildings : — 
 
 " I am ill at dates," says he, " but I think it is now 
 better than five and twenty years ago, that walking in 
 the gardens of Gray's Inn — they were then finer than 
 they are now — the accursed Verulam Buildings had not 
 encroached upon all the cast side of them, cutting out 
 delicate green cranklcs, and shouldering away one of 
 two of the stately alcoves of the terrace. The survivor 
 stands, gaping and relationless, as if it remembered its 
 brother. They arc still the best gardens of any of the
 
 i88 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Inns of Court — my beloved Temple not forgotten — 
 have the gravest character, their aspect being altogether 
 reverend and law breathing. Bacon has left the im- 
 press of his foot upon their gravel walks." 
 
 In the Field oi March ii, 1876, were given full par- 
 ticulars relating to a variety of birds not usually seen in 
 London, which, during the last ten years, the writer had 
 noticed in Gray's Inn Gardens. The birds mentioned 
 are — the house martin, the common cuckoo, the grey 
 fly catcher, and the hooded or dun crow. Rooks used 
 to frequent these gardens in considerable numbers, 
 there being usually twenty-five or twenty-six nests every 
 spring. When several trees were cut down the birds 
 left for a time, but about six pairs returned in the fol- 
 lowing April and bred. 
 
 The late Mr. W. J. Broderip thus writes {Eraser's 
 Magazine, March, 1857) o^ ^^is famous colony of 
 rooks : — 
 
 " Time out of mind, a pair of carrion crows, and one 
 pair only, had built in the garden of Gray's Inn. Some 
 years since, when the elms on the Chesterfield pro- 
 perty in May Fair were felled, rooks first made thei^ 
 appearance in the garden of the Inn. First came one 
 rook, then another, then another, scouts probably. 
 They were kindly welcomed with eleemosynary bread 
 from the windows, then came a heavy fall of snow, and 
 in the morning the white ground was black with rooks, 
 homeless without doubt. Most hospitably were they 
 received, and were never without their daily bread, all
 
 THE GARDENS 189 
 
 the winter through. Next spring, seventeen nests were 
 built in the garden elms. 
 
 " The carrion crows, whose ancestors must have 
 looked down on the author of the ' Novum Organum,' as 
 he walked in those quiet alleys with his friend, or mused 
 as he rested on the seat, which the benchers of the last 
 century sacrilegiously stubbed and burnt, bore the in- 
 vasion of the rooks for the first year ; but in the second, 
 the crows seemed unable to bear the presence of the 
 intruders any longer, and departed ; nor have they ever 
 returned. . . . The rooks are as tame as pigeons, 
 and it is most amusing to see them sitting in the trees 
 opposite to the windows, expectant of their share of 
 breakfast, and to behold them hurry down pell-mell 
 when the window is open and their dole thrown out, 
 especially when snow is on the ground. Never mind 
 what some people tell you about birds not having the 
 power of distinguishing size and number. Just look at 
 these black competitors. The knowing ones, you will 
 see, invariably select the largest pieces of bread when 
 there is a choice, and some old sharpers will, if in the 
 haste of crowding competition, they get a small piece 
 at first, drop it if they espy a larger one, and secure the 
 latter. There is one Baconian Ancient who seems to 
 have studied numerals, and goes about collecting as 
 much as he can, not feeding on the spot, and so wasting 
 time, but collecting three or four of the largest pieces 
 and fiying off with them. Woe to any forward junior 
 who interferes with his senior, and with this senior in
 
 I90 GRAY'S INN 
 
 particular ! If there be any bits of meat, or the rind or 
 the bone of a rasher or two, we should like to see the 
 junior who would dare to appropriate these. Our 
 Ancient looks about him with an air, swelling out his 
 feathers till he makes himself twice as big as he is, and 
 while the juniors recede awestruck at his threatening 
 aspect, picks up and swallows the bits of flesh, leaving 
 the bread, and flies oflf with the bone. This he con- 
 veys to a convenient branch, and setting his foot on it, 
 picks it at his leisure." 
 
 A leader writer in the Morning Post (April, 1882) 
 speaks with great respect of this famous colony of 
 rooks, and adds that "In 1877 there were a dozen 
 nests, which were about doubled in the following year, 
 and since then they have varied from about twenty to 
 twenty-five. The Gray's Inn birds are held in high 
 veneration by the benchers of Gray's Inn, the students 
 and other occupants of chambers, at whose hands they 
 fare well gastronomically, being fed with all sorts of 
 odds and ends and remnants from breakfast, dinner 
 and supper tables. They appreciate their good living, 
 and nothing seems to come amiss to them, so that 
 rooks, at least the denizens of Gray's Inn Gardens, 
 may almost be described as omnivorous. During the 
 summer they never seem to leave the gardens for a 
 country ramble, or even for a winged tour round about 
 the metropolitan suburbs, but in the winter they roost 
 somewhere northwards, probably in some old rookery 
 in Hertfordshire. However, they pay a visit almost
 
 THE GARDENS 191 
 
 every day to the gardens, attracted doubtless by the 
 hospitable reception they meet with there. Except in 
 the breeding season, it is the habit of all London rooks 
 to repair to some large rookery at night, a habit which 
 the inhabitants of small rookeries follow even in the 
 country." 
 
 Other birds of Gray's Inn which have been men- 
 tioned are the jackdaw, starling, fieldfare, song thrush, 
 redwing, robin, willow wren, great titmouse, tomtits, 
 and of course the sparrow in great numbers. The 
 chaffinch, goldfinch, grey linnet, lesser redpoll and 
 green linnet are seen occasionally, but they are sup- 
 posed to have escaped from confinement. In the case 
 of the chaffinch, the lesser redpoll and the grey linnet 
 some have been wild birds.
 
 T92 GRAY'S mN 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 ]S before seen in a quotation from Fortescue, 
 persons of the highest rank placed their sons 
 in the Inns of Court not so much to make a 
 
 profession of law and to gain a living as to form their 
 
 manners at an important period of life. 
 
 Before mentioning the more distinguished lawyers 
 
 and members of Gray's Inn, a list may be given of the 
 
 lords, spiritual and temporal, admitted from 1 1 Hen. 
 
 VIII. to 4 Eliz., taken from S/a/e Papers {^Domestic) 
 
 Eliz. 1562, vol. xxiii. No. 49, and endorsed by Lord 
 
 Burleigh, then Sir William Cecill : — 
 
 Grays Inne 
 ifrom xj° Henrici viij vntyll 
 Anno v° Marie regine 
 
 Diis Comes Darby 
 Diis De la Warre 
 Dns de Powes 
 Diis Dacre de Sowthe 
 Diis de Burgawennye 
 Diis abbas de Westm' 
 Diis abbas de Furneys 
 Dns abbas de Bello 
 Dfis de Dowbeneye 
 
 II
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 193 
 
 DSs de Montegle 
 
 Dns Atwater episcopus Lyncoln' 
 
 Dns Dacre del North 
 
 Dns Husse 
 
 Stephanus Episcopus Winton' 
 
 Diis Cromwell 
 
 Dns Wentworth 
 
 Comes Southampton 
 
 Archiepiscopus Ebor' 
 
 Dux Northumbr' 
 
 Episcopus Elien' 
 
 Dns Pagett 
 
 Dns Percye Comes Northumbr' 
 
 Comes Bedforthe 
 
 Dns Egidius Pawlett 
 
 ffrom v° Marie regine vntill now 
 in 4° Elizabeth regine 
 Dns Custos Magni Sigilli 
 Dux Norff' 
 
 Marchio Northampton 
 Dns Cobham 
 Dns Scrope 
 Dns Sheffelde 
 Comes Westmerlande 
 Comes Sussex 
 Dns Strange 
 Dns Aburgavenye 
 Joh'cs Darcye Diis dc Chichc 
 
 [Endorsed in the " i56[2] 
 
 hand of Cecill] Noble men of y" Company 
 
 of Grays In " 
 
 D. O
 
 194 GRAY'S INN 
 
 The following list, taken from the Harl. MS. 19 12, 
 compiled by Segar, and so often before mentioned, con- 
 tains many of the most illustrious names in English 
 History : — 
 
 flrc!)-Bi06opp!s: of ^anterbur^ 
 
 ADMITTED OF THIS SOCIETY. 
 
 [f. I6i.] 
 The See of Can- 
 
 'Siri^tot. Whitguift, John 
 
 cross flory four Admitted 10 March i592r-3]. 
 
 roundles {rather, l -^ -j 
 
 5 bezants] . 
 
 Or, on a bend _ ^j. t» • i. j 
 
 betw. sLx crosses Bancroit, Hicnaro. 
 
 ILStheS Admitted 27 February i588[-9]. 
 
 Sa. on a chev. 
 
 betw. 3 estoiles -^ j -y...^. 
 
 (of 6 points) or, Lawtt, Wiliiam 
 
 pltS^fSS Admitted I November 1615. 
 
 gules. 
 
 Or, a cross gu. 
 
 ^'o'^rs' 'S; Juxon, William 
 
 sSders? pro! Admitted 2 May 1 635. 
 
 per. 
 
 Arg. on a chev. 
 
 gu. 3 sheldrakes Sheldoii, Gilbert 
 
 canton of tiie°2M Admitted 7 March 1663-L-4J. 
 
 aroseof thetield.
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 195 
 
 [f. 161 b.] 
 
 Lord Abbott of Westminster. 1520. 
 
 Lord Abbott of Furneis. 1520. 
 
 Lord Abbott of Bellow \_Battle\. 1520. 
 
 Abbas beatae Marise de Grase Juxta Civit. London. 
 1520. 
 
 Prior Sancti Bartholomaei. 1520. 
 
 Gardener, Stephen ; Bishop of Winchester and Chan- 
 cellor of England. 1555. 
 
 Attwater, Doctor; Bishop of Lincoln. 1520. 
 
 Andrewes, Lancelott ; Bishop of Winchester and 
 Chancellor of the Order of the Garter. 16 
 March 1589 [-go]. 
 
 Morton, Tho. ; Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield. 
 
 Admitted 2 Feb. i622[-3]. 
 
 Hall, Joseph; Bishop of Exeter. 
 
 Admitted i Novemb. 161 5. 
 
 Usher, James ; Bishop of Armagh. 
 Admitted 26 January i623[-4]. 
 
 Williams, William [John] ; Lord Keeper.* 
 
 Morley, George ; Bishop of Winchester and Prelate 
 of the Garter. 
 
 Dolben, John ; Bishop of Rochester. 
 
 Incent, John; Deane of St. P^lu^s London. 
 
 Admitted 1542. 
 
 Overshall, John ; Deane of St. Paul's London. 
 Admitted 2 Feb. i6o4[-5]. 
 
 * Bishop of Lincoln, and afterwards (1641) Archbishop of York. 
 
 O 2
 
 196 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 a ©ataloQue of nofile meit 
 
 ADMITTED OF THIS SOCIETY. 
 
 [f. 162] 
 
 Or, a uon ramp- Dudly, Joliii ; Duke of Northumberland 
 
 cfrcieTby the Admitted in Hilary Terme iS53[-4]- 
 
 Garter. 
 
 Gti. on a bend 
 betw. six cross- 
 crossletsfitchees, 
 arg. an inescut- 
 cheon or, charged 
 with a lion ramp- 
 ant within a 
 double treasure, 
 flory counter- 
 flory, of the first: 
 encircled by the 
 Garter. 
 
 Howard, Thomas ; Duke of Norfolke 
 
 Admitted 28 December 1561. 
 
 Quarterly : 1 and 
 4 ; Or, a chief in- 
 dented az. 2. gu. 
 3 covered cups 
 or ; 3. erm. a 
 saltire gules : en- 
 circled by the 
 Garter. 
 
 Quarterly : 1 and 
 4, az. 3 fleiirs-de- 
 Us arg. withm a 
 border gobony of 
 2nd. and gules; 
 2 and 3, or, a fess 
 chequy (3 rows) 
 arg. and az. ; an 
 escutcheon of 
 pretence, there- 
 on a saltire engr. 
 betw. four roses 
 gules : encircled 
 by the Garter. 
 
 Gu. a chevron 
 between 3 lions' 
 heads erased 
 argent : encircled 
 with the Garter. 
 
 Butler, Tho. ; Earle of Ormond & Ossory 
 
 Admitted 7 March 1566 [-7], 
 
 Butler, James ; Earle of Ormond & Ossory 
 
 Admitted 2 February i6i8[-i9]. 
 
 Butler, James ; Duke of Ormond, &c. 
 
 Admitted 14 November 1660. 
 
 Steward, Charles ; Earle of leneux 
 
 Admitted 9 January i57i[2]. 
 
 Steward, James ; Duke of Leneux 
 Admitted 12 August 1628. 
 
 Mouncke, George; Duke of Albemarle, &c. 
 
 Admitted 7 August 1662. 
 
 II 
 
 [*^* A leaf is here missing, fortnerly pp. 5, 6 {the latter blank.) 
 On page i; were three Marquesses, namely, Dorchester, Hamble- 
 ton [Hamilton) and Northampton: as appears by " The Index" 
 atf. 160 &.] 
 
 I
 
 EMINExNT :\IE]\IBERS 
 
 197 
 
 [f- 163] 
 
 Q^axlt^ 
 
 STot^in ^e Vere, Edward; Earle of Oxford 
 
 mlet'^Snt. "^ Admitted I February i566[-7]. 
 
 ?or'luonmmp- ^^^^V^ ^®^- ' Ea[rle of] Northumberland 
 
 antaz. ; 2 and 3, Admitted in Trinity Terme 1557. 
 
 gu. 3 luces (or t-' r 
 
 pike) haurient Percv, Hen. ; Ea|rle of I Northumberland 
 
 argent: encircled a j •. . i t r n 
 
 With the Garter. Admitted 3 1 January 1574L-5J. 
 
 Barry of 6, arg. 
 and az., in chief 
 3 torteaux. 
 
 Gray, Reynold; after\vard Ea[rle] of Kent 
 Admitted .... 
 
 Gray, Henry ; Earle of Kent 
 
 Admitted 2 February i568[-9]. 
 
 Arg. on a bend 
 az. three stags' 
 heads caboshed 
 or: encircled 
 with the Gai'ter. 
 
 Stanley, Thomas ; Earle of Derby. 
 
 Stanley, Hen. ; Earle of Derby 
 
 Admitted 28 January i56i[2]. 
 
 Stanley, Hen. ; Lord Strange 
 
 Admitted 24 January i56i[2]. 
 
 Stanley, James ; Lord Strange 
 Admitted .... 
 
 1520. 
 
 Or, two bars az. 
 a chief quarterly 
 of the last and 
 gu. 1 and 4, two 
 flcurs-dc-lis, 2 & 
 3, a lion passant 
 guardiuit or. 
 
 [f. 163 b.] 
 Arg. abend engr. 
 sable : encircled 
 with the Uarter. 
 
 Manners, John 
 
 Admitted 1566; Ancient 1568; Ea[rle of] 
 
 Rutland 1587. 
 Manners, Roger ; 
 
 Earle [of] Rutland 
 
 Admitted 2 February i597[-8]. 
 
 RadclifFe, Charles ; Earle [of] Sussex 
 Admitted 22 January 1561 [-2].
 
 198 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Arg. a maunch 
 
 [sable] : encircled 
 with the Garter. 
 
 Az. a cross or 
 betw. 4 falcons 
 close arg. : en- 
 circled with the 
 Garter. 
 
 Arg. a lion ramp- 
 ant gu. ; on a chief 
 sa. 3 escallops of 
 the first : encir- 
 cled with the 
 Garter. 
 
 [f. 164] 
 Per pale, az. and 
 gu., three lions 
 rampant argerit : 
 encircled with 
 the Garter. 
 
 Hastings, Hen. ; Ea[rle of] Huntington 
 
 Admitted 17 March iS97[-8]. 
 
 Wriothesley, Tho. first Earl of the family 
 
 Admitted 1534; Secretary and Knight 1 542 ; 
 Baron Titchfield 1543; Lord Chancellor 
 1545 ; Earle of Southampton 1546. 
 
 Wriothesley, Hen. ; Earle of Southampton 
 
 Admitted 29 February i587[-8]. 
 
 Russell, Francis ; Earle of Bedford 
 
 Admitted Trinity Terme 1557. 
 
 Herbert, Wm. ; Earle of Pembroke 
 Admitted 10 August 1601. 
 
 Or, on a pile gu. 
 betw. 6 fleurs-de- 
 lis az. 3 lions pas- 
 sant gua.rdantin 
 pale or : encir- 
 cled with the 
 Garter. 
 
 Seymour, Edward ; Earle of Hertford 
 
 Admitted 2 February i57i[-2]. 
 
 Seymour ; John, Lord 
 
 Admitted 25 October 1666. 
 
 Arg. six cross- 
 
 crosslets fitchy (3, 
 
 2 and 1) sable ; Clintou, TheopMlus ; Earle of Lincolne 
 Admitted 5 February i6i9[-2o]. 
 
 on a chief az. 3 
 mullets pierced 
 
 or. 
 
 Az. on a fess, 
 betw. three lions 
 rampant or, a 
 rose gu. betw. 2 
 Cornish choughs 
 proper : encir- 
 cled with the 
 Garter. 
 
 [f. 164 b.] 
 Gu. a bend betw. 
 6 cross-crosslets 
 fitchv'-es arg. ; a 
 mullet for differ- 
 ence : encircled 
 with the Garter. 
 
 Cromwell, Tho. ; Earle of Essex 
 
 Admitted 1524; Ancient 1534; Secretary 
 Hen. VIII. Master of the Rolls, Lord 
 Privy Scale 1535 ; Earle of Essex 1540. 
 
 Howard, Charles ; Earle of Nottingham 
 
 Admitted 2 February i597[-S].
 
 EISIINENT MEMBERS 
 
 199 
 
 ^thcreTcent'fOT Howaid, TheopMlus ; Earle of Suffolke 
 
 Sr^tk tul Admitted 18 March i6o5[-6]. 
 
 Garter. 
 
 Barry of ten, argr. 
 and az., over all 
 6 esRutcheons (3, 
 2 and 1), each 
 charged with a 
 lion rampant of 
 the iirst : en- 
 circled with the 
 Garter. 
 
 Cecill, Robert 
 
 Admitted 1580; Knight 1589; Secretary 
 Q. Eliz. 1598; Baron Essenden 1603; 
 Viscomit Cranborne 1(204; Earle [of] 
 Salisbury 1605 ; Lord Treasurer 1608. 
 
 Cecill,Wm.; afterwards Earle of Salisbury- 
 Admitted 25 February i6o4[-5]. 
 
 The same arms CeciU, Tho. ; afterwards Earle of Exceter 
 
 encircled with . , . , t r ^ n 
 
 the Garter. Admitted 20 January i559L""°J- 
 
 [f- 165] 
 
 Gules, a saltire 
 arpent : encircled 
 with the Garter. 
 
 Nevill, Hen. ; Earle of Westmerland 
 
 Admitted 22 January 1561 [-2]. 
 
 Or, a pheon 
 azui'e : encircled 
 with the Garter, 
 and surmounted 
 with an earl's 
 coronet. 
 
 Sidney, Sir Henry 
 
 Admitted 19 Aprill 1563. 
 
 Sidney, Philip 
 
 Admitted 2 February i567[-8]. 
 
 Sidney, Robert ; Earle of Leicester 
 
 Admitted 25 February i6i7[-i8]. 
 
 Sable, a lion pas- 
 sant or betw. 3 
 esquires' helmets 
 argent. 
 
 Azure, 3 fleurs- 
 de-lis or, within 
 a border ^Tiles, 
 charKcd with 8 
 buckles of the 
 second : encir- 
 cled with the 
 Gaiter. 
 
 Compton, Henry; afterwards Lord Compton 
 
 Admitted i March i562[-3]. 
 
 Compton, William ; afterwards Earle of 
 Northampton 
 
 Admitted 7 IMarch i592[-3]. 
 
 Steward, Esme ; Earle of March 
 
 Admitted 2 February i6i7[-i8].
 
 200 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Rich ; Robert, Lord 
 
 Admitted 20 February iS73[-4]. 
 Rich ; Robert, Lord 
 
 Gu. a chevron Admitted 2 February 1501 [-2!. 
 
 bet-ween 3 cross- J ^ ^ l j 
 
 crossiets or. Rich ; Robeit, Lord 
 shlL^'Lrr Admitted I August 1 6 1 9. 
 «.-«.. Seep. 119.] Rich, Charles ; Earle of Warwicke 
 Admitted 7 August 1662. 
 
 Rich; Charles, Lord 
 
 Admitted 7 August 1662. 
 [f. 165 b.] 
 
 ^bTef'en^circfed EisMn, John ; afterwards Earle of Mar 
 
 with the Garter. Admitted 22 May 1603, 
 
 rl^s Kays^'L" Gertie, Robert ; afterwards Earle of Linsey 
 
 pale, proper. ' Admitted 2 February i6o4[-5]. 
 
 Sable, 3 stags' Cavendish, Sir Wm. ; afterwards Earle of 
 
 heads caboshed DcVOnshire 
 
 ^''^- Admitted 14 May 1602 
 
 Ardent, a saitire Fitzgerraid, Hen. ; Earle of Kildare 
 
 ^'''- Admitted 11 March i587[-8]. 
 
 ^Argent, a cross [Burke], Richard ; Earle of Clanricard 
 
 r- ^^, Admitted .... 
 
 [f. 166] 
 
 rampant a'i-gent^ Humc, George ; Earle of Dunbarr 
 
 encircled with AHmittpH ihn-> 
 
 the Garter. AQmittea IbOj. 
 
 l^T/ie remainder 0/ the page is blattk.'] 
 
 [*^* Two leaves, or four pages, form ei-ly numbered 15 to 18, are 
 here missing' in the manuscript. They showed the following 
 names; oj ajf>^(?a/-j 3_y " The Index" at f. i6ob:—p 15; Vis- 
 counts Bindon, Fenton, Hunsden, St. Alban and Wentworth; 
 16, blank; 17 and 18; Barons Abergavenny, Berkeley, Cob- 
 ham, Dacre, Delaware, Grey of Wilton, Montegle, Morley, 
 Scroop, Sheffield, Sidney, Stafford, Stanley and Wentworth.]
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 201 
 
 \See the note preceding.'] 
 [f. 167] ^ , ,_ 
 
 Barry nebuiy of Blount, James ; Lord Mouiitjoy 
 six, sable and or. Admitted lo February i563[-4]- 
 
 Quarterly, or and _ _^_.,,. -r -, 
 
 gules; on a bend Evers ; William, Lorcl 
 
 argent. '''*^^°^' Admitted 1 5 March i584[-5]- 
 
 Wharton ; Philip, Lord 
 
 Sable, a miiunch Admitted 2 February is8o[-i]. 
 
 argrnt within a y ^ u j 
 
 border, or. Wharton ; George, Lord 
 
 Admitted 8 August 1595. 
 
 Sa. on a cross 
 
 Ss^SiS^ Padgitt, James*; afterwards Lord Padgitt 
 
 arg. five lions Arhnittpri tC27 
 
 passant [guard- AUmiUCU I 5 37. 
 
 ant] of the field. 
 
 / 
 
 Sabie,3swordsin Pawlett, Gilcs f ; afterwards Lord Pawlctt 
 
 pile, points in . , ■, . 1 , , , 
 
 base, argent. Admitted I 544. 
 
 Argent, 3 cinque- Darcy, Johii ; Lord Darcy de Chich 
 
 of4e«!"'^'^ Admitted 4 February 1 562[-3]. 
 
 North, Sir Roger ; afterwards Lord North 
 
 Az. a lion passant Admitted 2g December 1561. 
 
 or bctw. 3 fleurs- 
 de-lis axgent. North, Dudley ; Lord North 
 
 Admitted 10 August 1619. 
 
 * Sir William Paget, K.G. ; Baron Paget of Beaudesert. 
 t Lord Giles Paulet, 4th son of Sir Wm. Paulet, K.G., first 
 Marquis of Winchester, or. 12 Oct. 1551 [Dugdale).
 
 202 GRAY'S INN 
 [f. 167 b.] 
 
 Argent,on across fBrvclffesl, Gllcs : Lord Shandos 
 
 sa. a leopard's L J °. J' „ ' r -1 
 
 face or. Admitted 2 February i59iL-2J- 
 
 Barry of ten, arsr. (JeciU, Wm. ( Thomas Earl of Exceler | 
 
 rescStcheons'S father of ( Robert Earl of SaUsbury j ^ °5 
 
 ch^/ed'^tra Admitted 1540; Barrister 1541 ; Pensioner 
 
 lion rampant of 1545; Ancient 1547 I Knight 1554; 
 
 c'Jed^witrthe" Secretary of State 1558 ; Baron Burghley 
 
 Garter. ^nd Lord Treasurer 1571. 
 
 Argent.onacMef g^ jqI^ Qliver ; Lord St. John of Bletso 
 
 gu. two mullets » , . , -r- i_ r on 
 
 or, pierced az. Admitted 2 February i597L-8j- 
 
 Quarterly, arg. ,., . _ . t j 
 
 and gu., a fess Noms ; Fiaiicis, J^ora 
 
 trd' '^^LTi Admitted 2 February 1 6o4[-5]. 
 
 fret or. 
 
 Quarterly, erm- Stanhopo ; Charlcs, Lord 
 
 ine and gules. Admitted 3 AugUSt 1 6 II . 
 
 [Ermine, two [Nugent, Christopher ; Lord Delvyn 
 
 barsguies.] Admitted II March 1587-8.] 
 
 fs^-:^c°res^^rt Hollis; Francis, Lord 
 
 for difference. Admitted 2 February i6i7L-i»J. 
 
 [f. 1 68] _ , 
 
 Or, three Uons Caiew ; George, Lord 
 
 passant in pale Admitted .... 
 
 ITTie remainder of the page is blank ^
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 
 
 20^ 
 
 Mnit^W 
 
 1458. 
 
 [f. 168 b.] 
 
 4m;"nt:rger ^uther [Tudorl Owen 
 
 Az. on a fess 
 flory counter- 
 flory or betw. 3 
 lions passant ar- 
 gent, as many 
 martlets [sable]. 
 
 ^I?f ' glmeue^ Speiicer, Sir John ; lord mayor of London 
 
 betw.3 eagles (lis- ...... .- -, 
 
 played [sable] 
 
 Argent, 
 ron erm. 
 mullets 
 sable. 
 
 Hewett, Sir Wm. ; lord mayor of London 
 
 Admitted 4 March i566[-7]. 
 
 Admitted 6 January i594[5]. 
 
 be'tw^^'s Grresham,SirTlio.; lord mayor of London 
 pierced Admitted .... 
 
 Argent, a mullet 
 sable. 
 
 [The some arms.] 
 
 [The same arms.] 
 
 Argent, on a 
 chevron sable an 
 eagle displayed 
 of the field. 
 
 Asheton, Sir Robert ; Admirall at Sea, 
 Chiefe Justice of Ireland and Lord 
 Treasurer of England 49 E. III. 1376. 
 
 Asheton, Sir Ealph ; knt. and bart. 
 Admitted 10 February i6oo[-i]. 
 
 Asheton, Sir Ralph ; of Whalley Abbey, 
 in the county of Lancaster, bart. 
 Admitted 7 February i624[5]; one of His 
 Majesties particular Receivers for the 
 Dutchy Revenue, &c.agreateencourager 
 of virtue and industry, and my very good 
 Master. 
 
 Wolley, Sir John 
 
 Admitted 2 February i59i[2]; Chancellor 
 of the Most Honorable Order of the 
 Garter, and a Privie Councellor to 
 Quecne Elizabeth. 
 
 Wolley, Robert ; of Lincolnshire 
 
 Admitted 25 April 1597.
 
 204 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Parry, Sir Charles 
 
 Admitted i6 May 1560; Captain of the 
 Argent, a fess Guard to Queene Elizabeth, 
 
 betw. 3 lozenges Parrv, Thomas 
 
 azure. •' 
 
 Admitted 6 August 1608; Chancellor of 
 the Dutchy of Lancaster, and one of 
 the Privie Councell to Kinge James. 
 
 [f. 169] 
 Argent, on a fess Grimstoii, Sir Harbotle 
 
 (of 6 ?oi^t^^^of Admitted 1594; Knight 1603; Baronet 
 the field. 16 1 2. [Master of the Rolls 1660] 
 
 Gu.achev betw. Danvers, Sir John 
 
 three mullets (6 » j • i t 
 
 points) or. Admitted 9 June 1589. 
 
 A^ure, a fleur- "^^S^Y, Sir Kenclme 
 
 de-lis argent. Admitted 
 
 Mildmay, Sir Walter 
 
 r^StLlir Admitted 1546; Knight 1547; Chancellor 
 of the Exchequer 1577. 
 
 Bany of 8, or Hulme ^' Henrv 
 
 and az. on a can- •"• "^""^^'j xicni y 
 
 top^g-achap- Admitted . . . . ; Prince of Purpole 1595. 
 
 Perient, Thomas 
 
 [Shield blank] Admitted ; Prince of Purpole 161 5. 
 
 Argent, 3 hons Yclverton, Henry 
 
 and^^a Ibfef', Admitted [1611-12]; Barrister [1617] ; 
 s^'^^- Ancient 1645 ; Prince of Purpole 1639. 
 
 Ar^'-on'fbid Sterlinge, Sir Samuel ; knt. 
 azure 3 square Admitted 1638; Shrcive of LoudoH 1661; 
 Lord Mayor 1669; Barrister 1670. 
 
 * Helmes ; as appears by his signature in 1594—" Henric= 
 Helmes Pr. Purpoole. The arms given are those of Hulme of 
 Huhne in Lancashire.
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 205 
 
 \The following names sJiould have been added, as 
 admitted 2 February 1617-18.] 
 
 Ingram, Sir Arthur ; knt. 
 
 Secretary of the Council in the North ; 
 Knight 9 July 161 3. 
 
 Butler, Sir Jolm; knt. ofWoodhall, Herts. 
 
 Button, Sir Wm. ; knt. of London 
 Knight 15 December 1606. 
 
 Crooke, Sir Henry ; knt. 
 Knight 31 October 1615. 
 
 [*^* A leaf [foniierly pp. 25, 26) is here rnissing. 
 It comprised the following kings of Amis ; as ap- 
 pears by their names in "The Index " at f. 160 Z*.] 
 
 iiings: of ^rmg 
 
 Wriothesley, Thomas ; knt. 
 
 Garter principal king of Arms temp. Hen. 
 VIII. ; knighted in 1525 ; died 1534. 
 
 Dethicke, William ; afterwards knt. 
 Admitted (by Francis Bacon) 7 March 
 i587[-8]; then Garter principal king of 
 Arms; knighted 13 (or 20) May 1603. 
 
 Camden, William 
 
 Admitted 3 August 1592; Clarenceux king 
 of Arms 1597 ; died 1G23 ; buried in West- 
 minster Abbey. 
 
 Segar, William ; knt. 
 
 Aihnitted i March i6i7[-i8]; then Garter 
 principal king of Arms ; knighted 5 Nov. 
 1616.
 
 206 GRAY'S INN 
 
 St. George, Richard ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 3 March 1 6 1 7[- 1 8] ; then Norroy 
 king of Arms; knighted 28 Sept. 1616. 
 
 Walker, Edward ; knt. 
 
 Admitted 22 October 1660; then Garter 
 principal king of Arms ; knighted 2 Feb. 
 
 i644[-5]- 
 
 Dugdale, William; afterwards knt. 
 
 Admitted 22 October 1660; then Norroy 
 king of Arms; knighted 25 May 1677. 
 
 When the Library Association held their Fourth 
 
 Annual Meeting at Gray's Inn (September, 1881) it 
 
 devolved upon His Honour, Judge Russell, as President 
 
 of the Association, to welcome them by an address, in 
 
 the course of which he made the following remarks, 
 
 specially appropriate to the subject of this chapter : — 
 
 " It would be difficult within any reasonable distance, he thought, 
 to find a place from which famous men had proceeded, who had 
 done more to make the materials of our books in history, politics, 
 and science, than that Hall. He fancied that he could see the 
 shades of those men hovering over them now. There upon the 
 windows around them were the escutcheons of Gascoigne, the great 
 Chief Justice, who first made it apparent that the Law was above 
 the Crown ; of PoweU, the honest judge, who by his judgment on 
 the dispensing power in the reign of James I., turned the whole 
 current of English history and made England, politically, what it 
 is ; of Thomas Cromwell, the great minister of Henry VIII. ; of 
 Burleigh, the equally great minister of Elizabeth, who piloted 
 England through the most agonising crisis of her history ; of Holt, 
 the originator of our mercantile law, afterwards perfected by Mans- 
 field ; of Rorailly, our first law reformer ; and, — last and greatest 
 name of all, — of Bacon, who had directed the whole course of in- 
 vestigation, in whatever department, into an entirely new channel, 
 which had gone on deepening and broadening ever since."
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 207 
 
 In the roll of distinguished members of Gray's Inn 
 no name is more conspicuous than that of Francis 
 Bacon. It is obviously impossible within the narrow 
 limits of this small book to enter into details of his life, 
 which alone fill several volumes of one biographer, and 
 are, besides, matters of history ; but it is interesting to 
 note how intimate were his relations with this Inn. He 
 was entered by his father. Lord Keeper Bacon, 27 June, 
 1576, along with all his four brothers; Nicholas, 
 Nathaniel, Edward and Anthony. An Order, dated 
 21 November, 1577, directs that all the sons of Sir 
 Nicholas Bacon " shall be of the Grand Company, and 
 not to be bound to any vacations." 
 
 One of his first upward steps in the profession is 
 recorded in Lansdoivne MS. 5 1 , No. 6 : — 
 
 " Graies Inne Pensio ibidem tent' x" die Febr. 
 Anno RR'""^ Eliz. xxviij" 
 At this pension it is ordered that M'. 
 Frauncis Bacon maie have place with 
 the Readers at the Readers table but 
 not to have any voyce in Pension nor 
 to Wynne Aunscientie of any that is his 
 aunscient or shall reade before him. 
 
 Spec, amittance to be out of Commens. 
 sendyng for beare, bred, wyne, admitted 
 of y'= Grand Gump., whereby he hath 
 wun ancienty of 40 ; being but of iij 
 yeres contynuance utter barister uppon 3 
 yeres study admitted to y' high table, 
 wher non ar but readers."
 
 2o8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 The second paragraph, with an endorsement on the 
 outer sheet " fr. baco," is entirely in the hand of Lord 
 Burghley, and accompanies a letter from Francis Bacon 
 to the Lord Treasurer, dated " Graies Inne this vj'*' of 
 May 1586." In which letter the writer alludes to himself 
 in these terms : — 
 
 " Indeed I fynd in my simple observation that they 
 which live as it were in umbra and not in publike or 
 frequent action how moderately and modestly soever 
 they behave them selves yet laborant invidia. I fynd 
 also that such persons as are of nature bashfuU (as my 
 self is) whearby they want that plausible familiaritie 
 which others have are often mistaken for prowd. But 
 once I know well and I most humbly beseech your 
 lordship to beleeve that Arrogancy and overweenyng is 
 so farr from my nature as yf I think well of my self in 
 any thing it is in this that I am free from that vyce. 
 And I hope " &c. {Lansd. MS. 5 1, No. 5.) 
 
 As Solicitor-General, he dedicated his Argtimenis of 
 Law " To my lovinge friends and fellowes, the Readers, 
 Ancients, Utter Barresters and Students of Graies Inn;" 
 and in the course of his prefatory remarks on the ad- 
 vantage of the arguments in " weighty and famous " 
 cases being published by those who employ them, con- 
 cludes with the following passage : — 
 
 " This work I knew not to whom to dedicate rather 
 than to the Society of Gray's Inn, the place whence 
 my father was called to the highest place of justice, 
 and where myself have lived and had my proceeding 
 so far as, by His Majesty's rare if not singular grace, to
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 209 
 
 be of both of his counsels, and therefore few men so 
 bound to their societies, by obligation both ancestral 
 and personal, as I am to yours ; which I would gladly 
 acknowledge, not only in having your name joined with 
 mine own in a book, but in any other good office and 
 effect which the active part of my life and place may 
 enable me unto, toward the Society, or any of you in 
 particular, and so I bid you heartily farewell." 
 
 " Your assured loving friend and fellow, 
 
 F. B." 
 
 From Gray's Inn''^' started, on the first day of Trinity 
 Term, 1617, the procession of earls, barons, knights 
 and gentlemen which accompanied him to Westminster, 
 when he became Lord Keeper, After his impeachment 
 and fall, when he had sold York House and reduced his 
 establishment at Gorhambury, he returned to Gray's 
 Inn, and there wrote many of the Essays and Treatises 
 which ser\'e to immortalize his name. In a letter dated 
 February 11, 1622-3, from Chamberlain to Carleton 
 {Court and Times of James I. ii. 362) the writer says: 
 " That Lord [Bacon] busies himself altogether about 
 books. He hath set out two lately, Hisloria Vcntorum 
 and De Vild et Morle, with promise of more. I have 
 seen neither of them, because I have not leisure, but 
 if the Life of Henry the Seventh, which they say he is 
 about, might come out after his own manner, I should 
 
 * Bacon's Chambers were in tlie building now known as No. i, 
 Gray's Inn Square. 
 
 D. P
 
 210 GRAY'S INN 
 
 find time and means enough to read it." Again (p. 373) 
 under date of March i, 1622-3, Chamberlain wrote to 
 Carleton : " The Lord of St. Alban's is in his old remitter, 
 and come to lie at his old lodgings in Gray's Inn," 
 
 The circumstances of his death are well-known ; 
 how, coming to London from St. Alban's when snow 
 was on the ground, he resolved to try whether flesh 
 could not be preserved by its use, and accordingly pur- 
 chased a fowl at a roadside cottage and assisted in 
 stuffing it with the snow. This brought on a severe 
 illness, and he was removed to the Earl of Arundel's 
 house at Highgate. On December 19, 1625, he wrote 
 with his own hand his last will ; and early in the morn- 
 ing of Easter Sunday, April 9, 1626, he expired. As 
 to himself he wrote : — " For my burial, I desire it may 
 be in St. Michael's Church, near St. Alban's ; there 
 was my mother buried, and it is the parish church of 
 my mansion house at Gorhambury, and it is the only 
 Christian church within the walls of old Verulam. For 
 my name and memory, I leave it to men's charitable 
 speeches, and to foreign nations, and the next ages." 
 
 Sir William Gascoigne, who became Chief Justice of 
 the King's Bench in 1400, is traditionally believed to 
 have been a member of Gray's Inn. Lord Campbell, 
 in his Lives of the Chief Justices, i. 121, says: — "The 
 Middle Temple* men assert that, according to certain 
 
 * " Fuller says he [Gascoigne] was of the Inner Temple, but 
 adduces no authority; and in the MS. account of Gray's Inn 
 \i. e. Segar's, sup. 45] his name stands among the undated and 
 supposed readers of that society." Foss — Biographical Dictionary 
 of the Judges of Ejigland.
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 211 
 
 traditions, Sir William Gascoigne belonged to them ; 
 while the Gray's Inn men rely upon the fact that his 
 arms are to be found in a window in their Hall." Be 
 the truth as it may, the interesting fact remains, that the 
 judge's arms are found occupying a prominent place in 
 the bay-window of the Hall, as duly noted elsewhere 
 (p. 132.) 
 
 Among the many other distinguished members of 
 Gray's Inn the following deserve special mention : — 
 
 Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, a Justice of the Common 
 Pleas in the reign of Henry VIII. (1522-1538) on ac- 
 count of his contributions to legal literature — De Natura 
 Brevium and The Grand Abridgment, founded on the 
 Year Books. His arms, which were in the Hall in 
 Dugdalc's time (1671) but now no longer remain, were 
 placed in the windows before the year 1581, as seen by 
 an extract (p. 11 9) from one of the Harleian manuscripts. 
 
 Sir William Staunfordc, who, in 1554, was created a 
 Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, which seat he 
 retained up to the time of his death in August, 15.58. 
 His work on the Pleas of the Craum, his Exposition 0/ the 
 King's Prerogative (dedicated to " his singulcr friend, 
 Nicholas Bacon") and his recognition of the merits of 
 Glanville's Tradatus de Legihus et Consuetudinibus AnglicB, 
 explain the terms in which Coke describes him {Pre- 
 face X. Rep.), as " a man excellently learned in the 
 common law." His character is thus described by 
 lAoyd^StateWorthies, i. 36) "He had those lower virtues 
 that drew praise from the vulgar, which he neglected 
 
 p 2
 
 212 GRAY'S INN 
 
 (knowing that they were more taken with appearances 
 than realities) he had middle, that they admired, and 
 good men observed ; he had his highest virtues, which 
 they perceived, and great men honoured. In a word, a 
 fragrant fame he had, that filled all round about, and 
 would not easily away." "The name" (says Foss) "is 
 frequently spelled Stamford." So it appears on the tomb 
 of his wife in Hadley Church, and in this form it is 
 written by Segar (see p. 51.) 
 
 David Jenkins, the patriotic " Welsh Judge," who was 
 committed to Newgate by order of the Long Parliament 
 for his steady adherence to the cause of King Charles 
 the First. This episode is described in Commentaries 
 on the Life ajid Reign of Charles the First, v. 113, where 
 Isaac DTsraeli says of him : — 
 
 " A mighty Athlet, in the vast arena of the first English 
 Revolution was one of our greatest lawyers, whose 
 moral intrepidity exceeded even his profound erudition 
 
 in the laws of our Constitution Judge Jenkins 
 
 takes no station in the page of our historians ; yet he is 
 a statue which should be placed in a niche." 
 
 In February, 1648, Jenkins, with another Royalist, 
 Sir Francis Butler, was accused of high treason at the 
 bar of the House of Commons, whose authority he re- 
 fused to recognize on the ground that it was usurped. 
 He was nevertheless, without any trial, found guilty of 
 this crime. Several members of the Committee of the 
 House which had cognizance of such cases, afterwards 
 visited him in Newgate and proposed that the sequestra- 
 tions should be taken off his estate, and that a pension
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 213 
 
 of ^1,000 a year should be settled on him for life, on 
 condition that he acknowledged the lawfulness of the 
 jurisdiction claimed by Parliament. " Never can I own 
 Rebellion, however successful, to be lawful ; I would, 
 therefore, rather see your backs than your faces," sternly 
 replied the old Judge. 
 
 In prospect of his execution he said: "I will tell 
 you all that I intend to do and say at that time. 
 First, I will eat much liquorish and gingerbread to 
 strengthen my lungs, that I may extend my voice near 
 and far. Multitudes, no doubt, will come to see the 
 old Welsh Judge hanged. I shall go with venerable 
 Bracton's book hung on my left shoulder, and the 
 Statutes at Large on my right. I will have the Bible, 
 with a ribbon put round my neck, hanging on my 
 breast. I will tell the people that I am brought there 
 to die for being a traitor, and in the words of a dying- 
 man I will tell them that I wish that all the traitors in 
 the kingdom would come to my fate. But the House 
 of Commons never thought me a traitor, else they 
 would have tried me for such, in a legal manner by 
 a Jury, according to the customs of this kingdom for 
 a thousand years. They have, indeed, debarred me 
 from my birthright, a trial by my Peers, that is, a Jury ; 
 but they knew that I am not guilty according to law. 
 But since they will have me a traitor, right or wrong, 
 I thought it was just to bring my counsellors with me, 
 for they ought to be hanged as well as I, for they all 
 along iidvised me in what I have done. Then shall 
 I open Bracton to show them tlial the supreme power
 
 214 GRAY'S INN 
 
 is in the King — the Statute Book, to read the oath of 
 allegiance — and the Bible to show them their duties. 
 All these were my evil counsellors, and they must be 
 hanged with me." 
 
 While in prison, to quote his own words, "amidst 
 the sound of drums and trumpets, surrounded with an 
 odious multitude of barbarians, broken with old age 
 and confinement in prisons " for fifteen years, he com- 
 piled his work, Eight Centuries of Reports. 
 
 Sir John Holt, Chief Justice of the King's Bench in 
 1689. To the character of this eminent judge the 
 following testimony is borne in the fourteenth number 
 of the Tatler : — " It would become all men, as well as 
 me " (remarks the writer) " to lay before them the noble 
 character of Verus the magistrate, who always sat in 
 triumph over, and contempt of vice ; he never searched 
 after it, or spared it when it came before him : at the 
 same time, he could see through the hypocrisy and 
 disguise of those who have no pretence to virtue them- 
 selves, but by their severity to the vicious. This same 
 Verus was, in times past. Chief Justice, as we call it 
 amongst us, in Felicia. He was a man of profound 
 knowledge of the laws of his country, and as just an 
 observer of them in his own person : he considered 
 justice as a cardinal virtue, not as a trade for mainte- 
 nance. Wherever he was judge, he never forgot that 
 he was also counsel. The criminal before him was 
 always sure he stood before his country, and, in a sort, 
 a parent of it ; the prisoner knew that though his spirit 
 was broken with guilt, and incapable of language to 
 
 I
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 215 
 
 defend itself, all would be gathered from him which 
 could conduce to his safety ; and that his judge would 
 wrest no law to destroy him, nor conceal any that could 
 save him." 
 
 Sir Samuel Romilly, Solicitor-General 1806-7, upon 
 whom an anonymous writer, quoted in the Albany Law 
 Journal, xiii. 23 (Jan. 8, 1876) pronounces this just eu- 
 logy : — " No statues are erected to his memory ; no 
 titles descend to his children ; but he has bequeathed 
 a richer, a prouder, and a more lasting inheritance 
 than any which the world can bestow ; the recollection 
 of his virtues is still fresh in the minds of his country- 
 men, and the sacrifices he made in the cause of 
 humanity will not be forgotten by mankind." Lord 
 Brougham spoke of him as "unquestionably the first 
 advocate and the most profound lawyer of the age he 
 flourished in " ; and the late Mr. Foss wrote in his 
 Judges oj Etiglatid, ix. 254, " his name will be less 
 remembered for his official rank . . . than for his 
 commanding talents as an advocate, as a senator, as the 
 unflinching assertor of the rights and liberties of the 
 people, and as the first proposer of those amendments 
 of the law, both civil and criminal, which, though their 
 value or necessity were disparaged at the time, have 
 since been fully recognised and adopted into our 
 jurisprudence." 
 
 Edward Hall the celebrated chronicler, George 
 Gascoignc the poet, the learned and industrious anti- 
 quary William Camden, Sir William Dethick, Garter
 
 216 GRAY'S INN 
 
 King of Arms, one of the first members of what after- 
 wards grew into the Society of Antiquaries, and Sir 
 William Dugdale, whose work {Origines Juridiciales) is 
 a storehouse of information as regards the Inns of 
 Court, were all members of Gray's Inn. 
 
 His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught, is a 
 member of the Society. At a Special Pension, held 
 4th July, 1 88 1, all the ordinary rules and regulations 
 of the Society were dispensed with, and His Royal 
 Highness was admitted a member, called to the Bar, 
 and elected a Bencher. 
 
 On two subsequent admissions to Gray's Inn, the Times 
 of December 24, 1883, contained a special comment in 
 these terms : — " The announcement that the benchers 
 of Gray's Inn had conveyed to Lord O'Hagan and Lord 
 Fitzgerald an official invitation to join their ranks, is 
 entitled to more than a passing notice, as the com- 
 pliment conveyed — even to the eminent men concerned 
 — is in its way unique, and, moreover, marks a distinct 
 phase in the legal organisation of the present day. . . . 
 Lord O'Hagan was, as a student, a member of Gray's 
 Inn some forty years ago, and Lord Fitzgerald a year 
 or two his junior; but probably neither of these dis- 
 tinguished Judges again had occasion to think of re- 
 entering the English legal precincts until of late years, 
 when one, as a baron and Lord Chancellor of Ireland, 
 and the other as a law lord, found himself called upon 
 to cross the Channel and to hear and decide cases at 
 Westminster. According to English custom, a barrister
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 21? 
 
 or bencher of any Inn, on being appointed a Judge, 
 severs Iiis connection with that body, and used there- 
 upon to migrate to the higher temple of the Serjeants- 
 at-Law. But on the cessation of Serjeant's Inn the 
 Judges, who thus became, as it were, homeless, were 
 re-admitted to the privileges of their former Inns. But 
 no provision was made for the case of Judges from 
 outside. Accordingly, this anomaly existed that legal 
 dignitaries, whatever lustre they may add by their 
 presence to the sittings and decisions of the House of 
 Lords or Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, not 
 only might be, but were absent from and unknown in 
 the gatherings of all four of the great legal corporations. 
 It is to the credit of Gray's Inn that, glancing over the 
 roll of former members, it has been the first to perceive 
 and to redress this oversight. And if, in the future as 
 in the past, the observation holds good that the Inn 
 which can boast at its head for the time being the 
 largest number of distinguished and successful lawyers 
 fascinates the minds and fixes the choice of the rising 
 generation of students, Gray's Inn will probably not 
 regret having added to her roll two benchers possessing 
 so completely the respect of their own branch of the 
 profession, and with such a record of services to show, 
 as Lord O'Hagan and Lord Fitzgerald." 
 
 The roll of admissions to the four Inns of Court 
 forms a record of names as distinguished as can be 
 found in any University in Europe. According to a 
 manuscript among the Burghley Papers in the Lans- 
 downe Collection, the number of members in Gray's
 
 2i8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Inn, in 1585, far exceeded any of the other Inns of 
 Court, thus : — 
 
 Gray's Inn, in Term 
 
 356 . 
 
 . Out of Term 
 
 229 
 
 Inner Temple, ,, 
 
 200 
 
 >j 
 
 80 
 
 Middle Temple, „ 
 
 200 
 
 • j> 
 
 50 
 
 Lincoln's Inn, ,, 
 
 200 
 
 >> 
 
 SO 
 
 ?eUows of Having 
 all sorts. chambers. 
 
 Having no 
 chambers. 
 
 160 \ (130 
 
 30 
 
 ^0° } whereof < A 
 189 i 1 163 
 
 16 
 26 
 
 igo j I. 130 
 
 60 
 
 The Survey already quoted (p. 100) furnishes the 
 figures from which the following table is compiled, and 
 shows Gray's Inn first in numbers and accommodation 
 a few years before : — 
 
 May 1574. Chambers. 
 
 Lincoln's Inn . . 92 
 Gray's Inn .... 124 
 Inner Temple. . 100 
 Middle Temple 92 
 
 In the records of this Inn are to be found also 
 many names famous in politics, in belles-lettres, and in 
 history ; such as Lambert the Parliamentarian General, 
 Thomas May the translator of Lucan's Pharsalia, the 
 universally accomplished and universally beloved Sir 
 Philip Sidney the author of Arcadia, and Rymer whose 
 Foedera is a work of European reputation. 
 
 A copy of Walton's Polyglot Bible, 6 vols., folio, 
 
 printed in 1675, was presented to the Society with the 
 
 following lettering on the cover of each volume : — 
 
 "Hospitio Grayensi 
 
 Serenissimis Principibus 
 
 Olivario et Richardo 
 
 Reipublicce Anglicanse 
 
 Dnis Protectoribus 
 
 — Johanis — 
 
 D°' Claypoole 
 
 Equitum Magistri 
 
 Donum."
 
 EMINENT MEMBERS 219 
 
 The Claypoole (or Claypole) family were connected 
 with Gray's Inn for a period extending from 161 1 to 
 1657 at least. Adam Claypoole, Esq., the second son 
 of James (who had a grant of arms in 1588, and acquired 
 property at Norborough in the county of Northampton) 
 and heir to his brother Sir James, was of Gray's Inn, 
 where he sometimes resided after his first marriage, 
 living besides at Norborough or Maxey. His first wife 
 was Dorothy, daughter of Robert Wingfield of Upton 
 in Rutlandshire, esq., by Elizabeth, daughter of Richard 
 Cecill and sister to Sir William Cecill, Lord Burleigh, 
 His third son by her — she was buried at Norborough, 
 7 November 161 6 — was John Claypoole of Gray's Inn, 
 where he chiefly resided, a fact (says Noble*") ''which ac- 
 counts for the baptisms of his children not appearing in 
 the registers of Norborough or IMaxcy." The admission- 
 book for the year 1619 has an entry to the effect that 
 John Claypoole of Norborough, co. Northampton, was 
 admitted in that year. The Protector appointed him 
 Clerk of the Hanaper, created him a knight, and soon 
 afterwards a baronet by patent dated 16 July, 1657. 
 By his marriage with Mary, daughter of William Angcll 
 of London, Esq. he left at his death in 1664 (or there- 
 abouts) eight sons and four daughters. John Claypoole, 
 the eldest son and heir, was also bred to the law ; and 
 
 * Noble (Mark) — Memoirs of the Protectoral House of Cromwell 
 (2nd edit.) ii. 371 ; from -which work tlicsc particulars are chiefly 
 obtained.
 
 220 GRAY'S INN 
 
 in 1645-6 he married "Betty,"*' the second and favourite 
 daughter of Oliver Cromwell, then of Ely, esq., and 
 afterwards Lord Protector. When his father-in-law was 
 invested with this title, he became Master of the Horse, 
 by which style he is identified as the donor of the books 
 above mentioned. He was one of " Oliver's lords," and 
 used the style (privately, at all events) as we see, in the 
 lettering quoted above. The first notice of him, as " the 
 Lord Cleypoole," in the Domestic State Papers calendared 
 by Mrs. Everett Green (ed. 1881) is on the 17th of 
 August, 1655. The previous reference to him in the 
 same volume is dated 14 March, i654[-5] when he is 
 called " John Cleypoole Junior esq'^ Master of Our 
 Horse," in certain Instructions by the Protector to 
 Commissioners appointed for ordering and managing 
 the Militia of the counties of Northampton and Rut- 
 land. " From torpedo rubbish-records " — to borrow an 
 expression from Carlyle {Letters, etc. (Libr. edit.) i. 35) — 
 " we learn also, without great difficulty " the styles of 
 both father and son this very year by an Indenture, 
 bearing date 16 Feb. i654[-5] and made between "John 
 
 * Elizabeth, baptized 2 July, 1629 ; died at Hampton-court, 
 6 Aug. 1658. " A graceful, brave and amiable woman " (Carlyle.) 
 In a letter from Oliver to his wife, Edinburgh, 12 April, 165 1, he 
 says: — "Mind poor Betty of the Lord's great mercy," etc. "I 
 earnestly and frequently pray fur her and for him. Truly they are 
 dear to me, very dear," etc. " Betty " and " he " (says Carlyle) are 
 Elizabeth Claypole and her husband. — CromwelV s Letters and 
 Speeches (Libr. edit.) iii. 142-3.
 
 EMINENT ]\IEMBERS 221 
 
 Cleypoole of Norborough in the County of Northamp- 
 ton Esq'' on thone parte, and the Hono''''' John Cley- 
 poole M': of the Horse to his Highnes Oliver Lord Pro- 
 tector," etc., and two others of the other part {Close 
 Roll, 1655, /a;-/ 48, n" 33.) He (the son) led the Horse 
 of State at the inauguration, going bare-headed on one 
 side of the Protector's coach, and acted in the same 
 capacity of Master of the Horse at the second or more 
 magnificent investment, when he stood immediately be- 
 hind the Protector. During the short rule of his brother- 
 in-law, Richard Cromwell, he retained all his places at 
 Court, and carried the Sword of State when the younger 
 Protector opened his Parliament. At the Restoration, 
 having done nothing to offend an individual, " he found 
 not an enemy, but in every one a friend." It was, 
 doubtless, by reason of this long and intimate connection 
 of the Claypoole family with Gray's Inn, that one of the 
 Protector's sons became a member, an event which is 
 recorded in this form : — 
 
 22 February, 1653-4. — "The Lord Hcnric Crom- 
 well, second sonne to his Highness Oliver Cromwell 
 Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, is 
 admitted into this Societie." 
 
 More than a century before, in 1524, Thomas Crom- 
 well had entered Gray's Inn, becoming an Ancient in 
 1534, and rising rapidly to be the king's secretary, 
 Master of the Rolls, Lord Privy Seal, and ultimately 
 Earl of Essex.
 
 222 GRAY'S INN 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 i^aiEfpe^ antr MtM^. 
 
 lARTLY by way of relaxation from study, and 
 partly to give proof of their splendour and 
 hospitality, the heads of the Inns of Court 
 were accustomed to give licence for the students to 
 indulge in these " disguisings," which might almost 
 be called Saturnalia, sometimes lasting from Christmas 
 to Shrovetide. 
 
 It is certain that Bacon, who had always a great 
 fondness for splendour and pageantry, not only took 
 great interest in superintending the festivities in his 
 own Inn, but also assisted in the composition of some 
 of the " Triumphs." In Essay xxxvii. {0/ Masques and 
 Triumphs) he speaks of them : — " These things are 
 but toys, to come amongst such serious observations. 
 But yet, since princes will have such things, it is better 
 they should be graced with elegancy than daubed with 
 cost." 
 
 In Gray's Inn Hall many of these masques and revels 
 were celebrated with much magnificence, the students 
 attaining marked success in representing these fantastic 
 pageants. The first entertainment of this kind of which
 
 MASQUES AND RE\TILS 223 
 
 there is any record took place at Gray's Inn in the year 
 1525. Hall, in his Chronicle (ed. 1809, p. 719) thus 
 speaks of it : — 
 
 " This Christmas was a goodly disguising played at 
 Gray's Inn, which was compiled by John Roo, Serjeant 
 at the Law, twenty year past . . . This play was so set 
 forth with rich and costly apparel, and with strange 
 devices of masks and morrishes, that it was highly 
 praised of all men, saving of the Cardinal, which 
 imagined that the play had been devised of him. In 
 a great fury he sent for the said Master Roo, and took 
 from him his Coif and sent him to the Fleet, and after 
 he sent for the young gentlemen that played in the 
 play, and them highly rebuked and threatened, and 
 sent one of them, called Thomas Moyle, of Kent, to 
 the Fleet, but, by the means of friends. Master Roo 
 and he were delivered at last. This play sore dis- 
 pleased the Cardinal, and yet it was never meant to 
 him as you have heard, wherefore many wise men 
 grudged to see him take it so ' hartely,' and ever the 
 Cardinal said that the King was highly displeased with 
 it, and spake nothing of himself." 
 
 Foxe in his Acts and Monuvienis (ed. 1632, ii. 278-9) 
 writing of Simon Fish, of Gray's Inn, the supposed author 
 of A Siipplicacyon for the Beggars (written about the 
 year 1529)*' thus alludes to the event: — "It happened 
 the first year that this gentleman came to London to 
 
 * This book was republished in 1871 by the Early English Text 
 Society with an Introduction by Mr. F. J. Furnivall.
 
 2?4 GRAY'S INN 
 
 dwell, which was about the year of our Lord 1525, that 
 there was a certain play or interlude made by one 
 M. Roo, of the same Inn, gentleman, in which play 
 partly was matter against the Cardinal Wolsey, and 
 when none durst take upon them to play that part 
 which touched the said Cardinal, this aforesaid M. Fish 
 took upon him to do it. Whereupon great displeasure 
 ensued against him on the Cardinal's part, insomuch as 
 he, being pursued by the said Cardinal, the same night 
 that this tragedy was played, was compelled of force 
 to avoid his own house, and so fled over the sea unto 
 Tindal." 
 
 It would be a curious fact if the Mr. Roo here alluded 
 to was the William Roy who printed abroad about 1527 
 the famous satire against Wolsey, entitled Rede vie and 
 he 7ioit Wrothe. 
 
 Dugdale [Orig. Jurid. 285) states that at a Pension 
 held in Michaelmas Term, 21 Henry VIII., an order 
 was made, " That all the Fellows of this House, who 
 should be present upon any Saturday at Supper, 
 betwixt the Feasts of All Saints and the Purification 
 of our Lady ; or upon any other day at dinner, or 
 supper, when there are Revels, should not depart out 
 of the Hall, until the said Revels were ended, upon 
 the penalty of i2d." In 4 Edward VI. it was ordered, 
 " That thenceforth there should be no Comedies, called 
 Interludes, in this House, out of Term times, but when 
 the Feast of the Nativity of our Lord is solemnly 
 observed. And that when there shall be any such
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 225 
 
 Comedies, then all the Society at that time in Commons 
 to bear the charge of the Apparel." 
 
 TheJ'ocas/a of Euripides was translated into blank verse 
 by George Gascoigne and Francis Kinwelmersh, both 
 students of Gray's Inn, and acted in the refectory of that 
 Society in 1566. In the same year was acted in the same 
 place The Supposes, a prose comedy translated by Gas- 
 coigne from the Italian of Ariosto. At the representation 
 of a"Commedy"atGray's Inn, on i6th January, 1587-8, 
 the great dignitaries of the Court were present, includ- 
 ing Lord Burghley, the Lord Treasurer, who was ever 
 foremost in aught that concerned the welfare of his 
 chosen Inn, whence, as he says himself, " he came 
 forthe unto service." The names of some of the 
 noblemen present are given in the following extract 
 from Lansdowne IMS., No. 55,4: 
 
 xvj Janr. 1587 
 
 The Names of y^ Jetillme 
 
 of Grays In y* playd ther 
 
 a Comedy 
 
 befor. y'' L. burghly L. T^ 
 
 Er. of lcc[ester]. L. stuard. 
 Er. of warw[ick] 
 Erl. of ormod 
 L. Grey of wilto 
 &c. 
 
 The actors on this occasion were Ellis, Campion, 
 Anderton, Farnley, Ashley, Topham, Sir Peter Shakerley 
 and others. 
 
 D. 
 
 Q
 
 226 GRAY'S INN 
 
 The Inns of Court which seem to have become 
 most renowned for these "Revels" were the Inner 
 Temple and Gray's Inn, between which Houses there 
 appears anciently to have existed a kindly union, which 
 is shown by the fact that on the great gate of the 
 gardens of the Inner Temple may be seen to this 
 day the " griffin" of Gray's Inn, whilst over the great 
 gateway in Gray's Inn Square is carved in bold relief 
 the " winged horse" of the Inner Temple. This 
 union is celebrated in the Gesia Grayomm, 1594, 
 and in Fletcher's masque, 161 3, to be mentioned 
 further on. 
 
 A full proof of the perfect accord existing between 
 the two Societies is afforded by an Order dated January 
 27, 1701, as follows: — 
 
 " Ordered — that Whereas the Honourable Society of 
 the Inner Temple in Hilary Term last did invite and 
 splendidly entertain the Bench of this Society for the 
 continuation of an antient Amity and Union of the said 
 Society's and according to an antient Custome here- 
 tofore used; Ordered, that Mr. Treasurer do send an 
 invitation by a Barrister of this House to the Treasurer 
 and Bench of the Inner Temple, to supp here on Friday 
 next, being the fourth day of July, and that the Treasurer 
 make such provision and entertainment as shall be 
 fitt for them to receive and for the Society to give." 
 
 On the 28th of February, 1587-8, eight persons, 
 members of the Society of Gray's Inn, were engaged 
 in the production of " The INIisfortunes of Arthur," for
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 227 
 
 the entertainment of Queen Elizabeth at Greenwich. 
 Thomas Hughes was the author of the Tragedy, and 
 Nicholas Trotte wrote the Introduction. William Ful- 
 becke and Francis Flower assisted, and the dumb shows 
 were partly devised by Christopher Yelverton, Francis 
 Bacon and John Lancaster. Yelverton was the writer 
 of the epilogue to Gascoigne's Jocasta, performed more 
 than twenty years before. 
 
 About this time Bacon, who was Reader of Gray's 
 Inn, wrote to Lord Burghley as follows : — 
 
 "It may please your good Lordship, I am sorry the 
 joint Masque from the four Inns of Court faileth ; wherein 
 I conceive there is no other grounds of that event but 
 impossibility. Nevertheless because it faileth out that at 
 this time Gray's Inn is well furnished of gallant young 
 gentlemen, your Lordship may be pleased to know, 
 that rather than this occasion shall pass without some 
 demonstration of affection from the Inns of Court, 
 there are a dozen gentlemen of Gray's Inn, that out 
 of the honour which they bear to your Lordship and 
 my Lord Chamberlain, to whom at their last masque 
 they were so much bounden, will be ready to furnish 
 a masque ; wishing it were in their power to perform 
 it according to their minds." (Spedding's Letters and 
 Life of Francis Bacon, ii. 370.) 
 
 In 1594 there were grand doings at Gray's Inn, and 
 these revels are described in a curious volume, entitled 
 Gesta Grayorum ; "or the History of the High and 
 mighty Prince Heniy, Prince of Purpook, Arch-duke of 
 
 Q2
 
 228 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Stapulia and Bcniarda, Duke of High and Nether 
 Holborn, Marquis of St. Giles and Tottenham, Count 
 Palatine of Bloomshury and Clerkenwell, Great Lord of 
 the Cantons of Islington, Kentish Toivn, Paddingtott, 
 and Knightsbridge, Knight of the most Heroical Order 
 of the Helmet, and Sovereign of the Same ; who 
 Reigned and Died, a.d. 1594." ^^ Mr. Spedding believed 
 (" Letters, &c.," i. 342) that the speeches of the six 
 councillors at the mimic Court of the Prince of Pur- 
 poole, were written by Lord Bacon himself. Mr. Sped- 
 ding's own words are: "That the speeches of the six 
 councillors were written by him, and by him alone, no 
 one who is at all familiar with his style either of thought 
 or expression, will for a moment doubt : they carry his 
 signature in every sentence." 
 
 The Prince of Purpoole was Henry Helmes, a Nor- 
 folk gentleman, " who was thought to be accomplished 
 with all good parts, fit for so great a dignity, and was 
 also a very proper man of personage, and very active 
 in dancing and revelling." 
 
 The pamphlet sets forth that on December 20, being 
 St. Thomas's Eve, the Prince, with all his train in 
 order, marched from his lodging to the great Hall, 
 and there took his place on his throne, under a rich 
 cloth of state, with his councillors and great lords about 
 him ; below the " half-pace," at a table, sate his learned 
 
 * The first part was published in 1 688, and the second part was 
 first printed in Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth (iii. 320) 
 from a MS. in the Harleian Collection.
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 229 
 
 council and lawyers, the rest of the officers and attend- 
 ants taking their proper places as became their con- 
 dition. 
 
 The performance on this occasion is said so to have 
 increased " the Expectation of those things that were 
 to ensue ; insomuch that the common Report amongst 
 all strangers was so great, and the Expectation of our 
 Proceedings so extraordinary," that " besides the daily 
 Revels and such like Sports, which were usual, there 
 was intended divers Grand nights for the Entertainment 
 of Strangers." 
 
 On the first of these Grand Nights, when the Sports 
 were especially intended for the Templarians, the be- 
 holders were so numerous that there was no convenient 
 room for the actors. The Templarians seem to have 
 left the Hall " discontented and displeased. After their 
 departure the throngs and tumults did somewhat cease, 
 although so much of them continued, as was able to 
 disorder and confound any good Inventions what- 
 soever. In regard whereof it was thought good not 
 to offer anything of Account, saving Dancing and 
 Revelling with Gentlewomen ; and after such Sports, 
 a Comedy of Errors (like to Plauius his Menechmus) was 
 played by the Players, so that night was begun and 
 continued to the end, in nothing but Confusion and 
 Errors ; whereupon it was ever afterwards called The 
 Night of Errors r 
 
 There seems good reason to believe that this is the 
 earliest notice of the performance of Shakespeare's
 
 230 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Comedy of Errors^ and that being so, Gray's Inn can 
 compete with the Middle Temple in being one of the 
 places in which the plays of Shakespeare were first per- 
 formed and in his own time. Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps in 
 his Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare, 104, says Gray's 
 Inn Hall " is one of the only two buildings now re- 
 maining in London, in which, so far as we know, any 
 of the plays of Shakespeare were performed in his own 
 time." 
 
 A few days afterwards, viz., " on the 3rd of January, at 
 Night there was a most honourable Presence of Great 
 and Noble Personages, that came as invited to our Prince ; 
 as namely, the Right Honourable the Lord Keeper, 
 the Earls of Shrewsbury, Ctwiherland, Northiiniherland, 
 Southampton, and Essex, the Lords Buckhurst, Windsor, 
 Mountjoy, Sheffield, Compton, Rich, Burleygh, Mounteagle, 
 and the Lord Thomas Howard, Sir Thomas Henneage, Sir 
 Robert Cecill ; with a great number of Knights, Ladies, 
 and very worshipful Personages : all which had con- 
 venient places, and very good entertainment to their 
 good liking and contentment." 
 
 The next day the Prince of Purpoole accompanied 
 by the Ambassador of Te?nplaria, and attended by eighty 
 gentlemen of Gray's Inn and the Temple (each of them 
 wearing a plume on his head), dined in state with the 
 Lord Mayor at Crosby Place. The next Grand Night 
 was upon Twelfth Night, on which occasion there was 
 a great company of lords, ladies, and knights ; and at 
 Shrovetide, the Prince and his company entertained
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 231 
 
 Queen Elizabeth at Greenwich. After the performance 
 Her Majesty " willed the Lord Chamberlain that the 
 gentlemen should be invited on the next day, and that 
 he should present them unto her, which was done, 
 and Her Majesty gave them her hand to kiss, with most 
 gracious words of commendation to them; particularly 
 and in general of Gray's Inn, as an house that she was 
 much beholden unto, for that it did always study for 
 some Sports to present unto her. The same night 
 there was fighting at Barriers," at which the Prince 
 behaved so valiantly and skilfully that the prize, a 
 jewel set with seventeen diamonds and four rubies, was 
 presented to him by the Queen. 
 
 The following Order relative to the above entertain- 
 ment was made on February 9, 37 Elizabeth, 1594-5 : — 
 
 " Ordered that every Reader of this House, toward 
 the charges of the Shews and Sports before her Majesty 
 at Shrovetide last past, shall pay ten shillings, and 
 every Ancient six shillings and eight pence, and every 
 Utter Barrister five shillings, and every other gentleman 
 of this Society three shillings and six pence before the 
 end of this term." 
 
 On the occasion of the marriage of the Count Pala- 
 tine with the Princess Elizabeth, Francis Beaumont 
 prepared a masque, which was performed before the 
 King and the royal family in the Banqueting House, 
 Whitehall, on the 20th February 1612-13. The cost 
 was considerable, and to meet this charge the Readers 
 of Gray's Inn were assessed each man at £\, the
 
 232 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Ancients and such as at that time were to be called 
 Ancients at / 2 los. a. piece, the Barristers at /^z a man, 
 and the Students at 20s. {Oiig. Jurid. 286). The 
 Solicitor General (Sir Francis Bacon) is said to have 
 " spared no time in the setting forth, ordering and 
 furnishing" of it. 
 
 On the day after the performance of the masque, the 
 King invited the gentlemen masquers and their assist- 
 ants to a great supper in a room "over the North 
 Terras next the first Court of Whitehall." 
 
 In 16 1 3-14 The Maske of Flowers was presented by 
 the gentlemen of Graies Inn, at the Court of White- 
 hall, in the Banquetting House, upon Twelfe Night, 
 Being the last of the Solemnities atid Magnificences which 
 were performed at the Marriage of the right honourable the 
 Earle of Somerset, and the Lady Francis, daughter of the 
 Earle of Suffolkc, Lord Chamberlaine. London. Priiited 
 by N\icholas'\ 0\_kes'\ for Robert Wilson, and are to be sold 
 at his shop at Graies- Inne new Gate. 1614. It is a 
 small quarto of 1 7 leaves, signatures d and E consisting 
 of music. It is dedicated by three persons, who ap- 
 pend their initials only, I. G., W. D., T. B., either of 
 whom may have been the author of the composition, or 
 all of them managers of the Masque. The dedication 
 is addressed, "To the Verie Honorable Knight Sir 
 Francis Bacon, his Majesties Attorney Generall " in 
 these terms : " That you have graced in general all the 
 Societies of the Innes of Court, in continuing them still 
 as third persons with the Nobilite and Court, in doing
 
 INIASQUES AND REVELS 233 
 
 the King honor ; and particularly Graies Inne, which 
 as you have formerly brought to flourish both in the 
 auncienter and younger sort, by countenancing vertue 
 in every quality, so now you have made a notable de- 
 monstration thereof in the lighter and lesse serious 
 kind." 
 
 Nichols, in his Progresses of James I. (ii. 735), notes 
 three copies of this Maske of Flowers — one in the 
 Garrick Collection, preserved in the British Museum ; 
 another in the Gough Collection, Bodleian Library, at 
 Oxford ; and a third, formerly belonging to the Rox- 
 burghe Collection, was purchased at the sale of Mr. 
 Rhode's Dramatic Library for £i. 6s. by Mr. Thorpe, 
 the bookseller. There is also a copy in the King's 
 Library, British Museum, and a copy of the Masque, 
 purchased at the sale of the late Thomas Hailes Lacy, 
 was presented to the Society in 1874, by Samuel Kydd, 
 Esq., a Barrister of the Inn. 
 
 The music alluded to in the description of the 
 pamphlet is a part song undertaken by two sides, that of 
 Silenus and that of Kawasha. We are told, " It pleased 
 his Majestic [James I.] to call for the Anticke-Afaske of 
 Song and Daitncc, which was againc presented." 
 
 Silenus' side sing : 
 
 *' Hey, alley, for and ahoe 
 Weel make tliis great potan 
 Drinkc of Silenus' Can 
 And when that he well drunk is, 
 Weel turn him to his Munkies 
 
 From whence he came."
 
 234 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Kawasha's side sing : 
 
 " Hey, alley, for and ahoe, 
 Weel make Silen fall downe, 
 And cast him in a sowne, 
 To see his men of lere, 
 All snuffing, puffing smoake and fier, 
 Like fell Dragoune." 
 A/l together; 
 
 " Hey, ahey, for and ahoe 
 The asse lookes yet a-sconce-a, 
 But strife in song, will be too long, 
 Let's end it in a dance-a." 
 
 In the Court and Times of James I. (i. 282), there 
 is a letter from Chamberlain, dated December 23rd, 
 161 3, in which he says, "Sir Francis Bacon prepares 
 a masque to honour this marriage, which will stand 
 him in above ^2,000, and although he have been 
 offered some help by the House, and specially by 
 Mr. Solicitor, Sir Henry Yelverton, who would have 
 sent him £^00, yet he would not accept it, but offers 
 them the whole charge with the honour." 
 
 Again, in 16 17-18, we find Bacon, who had then 
 become Lord Chancellor, showing his interest in the 
 revels of his Inn. The Prince of Purpoole was, as in 
 1594, and probably in many other years, the leader of 
 the entertainments. The following letters of the time 
 from the State Papers show the interest taken in these 
 
 revels : — 
 
 [State Papers (Domestic) James I. xcvi. 8.] 
 
 John Chamberlain to Sir Dudley Carleton, knt. 
 
 Ambassador at the Hague. 
 
 My very goode Lord : Since I wrote this day sevenight 
 
 I have receved yo" of the 20th of the last moneth and
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 235 
 
 am sory to heare that yo'' indisposition shold increase 
 upon you, etc. The L[ord] Chauncellor hath ben ab- 
 sent from Westminster hall three dayes this weeke, not 
 that he complains of any want of health, but that he 
 doubts this cold weather shold pinch him : and yet on 
 Monday (beeing Candlemas day) he dined at Grayes 
 ynne to geve countenance to theyre Lord or Prince of 
 Purpoole, and see theyre revells. Here is one captain 
 Alley come from S' Walter Raleigh whom he left in 
 ^ November neere the place he went for in Guiana. He 
 hath brought divers letters, etc. So I commend you and 
 my goode Lady to the protection of the Almighty. 
 From London this 7"' of February 16 17. 
 
 yo'' Lo'"" to command 
 John Chamberlain. 
 
 \_Addresse(r\ To the right honorable 
 S' Dudley Carlcton 
 k*. Lord Ambassador 
 for his ma''<^ w"' the 
 States of the United 
 Provinces at the 
 Hagh. 
 
 [From the same volume, Art. 24.] 
 
 Nathanael Brent to Sir Dudley Carleton. 
 
 [^Extract.'] The princes maskc was shewed againc 
 at Court on Tuesday night with som few additions of 
 Goats and Wclshe speeches, sufficient to make an
 
 236 GRAY'S INN 
 
 English man laugh and a Welsh-man cholerique, without 
 deserving so great honour as to be sent to your Lord- 
 ship. On Thursday night the maske of Grayes Inne 
 pleased tolerably wel, for divers of the i8 maskers 
 danced gracefully enough, and there was in it som 
 wittie ribalderie that made the companie merrie. 
 My Lord of Lenox, etc. 
 
 S^SigneiT^ Nathanael Brent. 
 London Feb. 21, 1617. 
 stilo vet. 
 
 [From the same volume, Art. 27.] 
 
 Sir GetTard Herlert to Sir Dudley Carleton. 
 
 \_Extract.'] " The kinge returned Shrossunday eeve, 
 the Sunday night, and munday playes weare at Courte 
 the tuesday night the Prince his maske was very ex- 
 cellent well performed of the prince, and dansinge his 
 dances with much applaud and comendations : and the 
 rest of his maske also doynge there partes very well. 
 It was much better liked then twelveth niarht ; bv 
 reason of the newe Conceites and antemaskes and 
 pleasant merry speeches made to the- kinge, by suche 
 as counterfeyted wels men, and wisht the kinges 
 comynge into Wales. Those of the prince his maske 
 weare. Both the Marquises : my lord Mongo : S' 
 Tho : Howard, S"" Charles Hovvarde, and another 
 yonger brother, S' Gilbert Hawton, one Carr, Hodge 
 Palmer, IMooty, Abercroomy. Grayes Inn maske was 
 the thursday night after, which was well liked, and the
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 237 
 
 dances well performed of the gentlemen : the ayres 
 and dances well devised. Some of the dances danct 
 by the voices of boyes (insteed of musick) which songe 
 excellent well, and which gave more content then 
 musickes. The speeches weare acted by some of there 
 owne gentlemen : one, called Paradox, who spake most, 
 and pleasinge in many thinges, was much comended 
 for well dischardinge his place, and good utterance in 
 speech. There chiefe songes weare also songe by gentle- 
 men of that house. The maske ended, the prince of 
 Perpoole, and all the others of the maske, weare brought 
 by my Lord Chamberlayne to kisse the kinges hande, 
 his Majestic gracinge them, and thanckinge them for 
 there paynes. Afterwardes the kinge lead them to the 
 presence where a greate banquett was provided for the 
 gentlemen, where after the kinge wild them to fall to 
 it he departed. The Queene not beynge well saw none 
 of the maskes nor removed not from Denmarcke 
 house," eic. 
 
 London 22 of S^SigncJ~\ Gerrard Herrert. 
 
 Febr : 1618 veteri. 
 
 S^Addrcss:ed'\ To the right Honorable 
 my honorable Lorde 
 Sir Dudley Carlton, 
 knight. Lord Imba- 
 ssador for his ma*'^ 
 at the Hage.
 
 238 GRAY'S INN 
 
 In a letter dated January 25, 1622-3, Court and Times 
 of James I., ii. 360, it is stated as follows : — 
 
 " The gentlemen of Gray's Inn, to make an end to 
 Christmas on Twelfth Night, in the dead time of the 
 night, shot off all the chambers [small cannon] which 
 they had borrowed from the Tower, being as many as 
 filled four carts. The king awakened with this noise, 
 started out of his bed, and cried ' Treason, Treason,' 
 and that the city was in an uproar ; in such sort as it is 
 said, that the whole court was raised, and almost in 
 arms ; the Earl of Arundell running to the bedchamber, 
 with his sword drawn, as to rescue the king's person." 
 
 One of the most splendid masques ever performed 
 was that presented by gentlemen of the four Inns of 
 Court on Candlemas Day, 1633-4, before King Charles I., 
 at Whitehall, entitled The Trhanph of Peace. The author 
 of the composition was James Shirley, the famous 
 English dramatist, poet, and grammarian.* It has been 
 said that Shirley was a member of Gray's Inn, but this 
 is not the fact, although he had chambers in the Inn. 
 The masque was presented in so sumptuous a manner 
 that to produce it over twenty thousand pounds are said 
 to have been expended. The cost of the dresses of the 
 horsemen alone was /'lo, 000. 
 
 This masque is of special interest to us because its 
 performance was intended as a protest against the senti- 
 ment expressed in Prynne's Histrio-viastix. When the 
 
 * It was printed the same year. Two copies are in the British 
 Museum.
 
 ]\L\SQUES AND REVELS 239 
 
 news was heard at court that the Inns of Court designed 
 a masque " as an expression of their love and duty to 
 their majesties," it was whispered that the action was 
 most seasonable. The benchers " agreed to have this 
 solemnity performed in the noblest and most stately 
 manner that could be invented." Two members from 
 each house were accordingly chosen to form together a 
 Committee, and among these were such distinguished 
 men as Hyde (afterwards Lord Chancellor Clarendon), 
 Selden, Sir John Finch and Whitelock. The latter un- 
 dertook the management of the musical portion of the 
 entertainment. The composers employed were Simon 
 Ives and W. Laws. In the Library of the Music School 
 at Oxford, are two large volumes in the handwriting of 
 Laws, one of which contains some fragments of the 
 music which he wrote for this masque. The machinery 
 and decorations were under the superintendence of 
 Inigo Jones. The actors met at Ely House and 
 marched down Chancery Lane to Whitehall ; and of the 
 procession Whitelock has left a long and vivid descrip- 
 tion: — "The first that marched were twenty footmen in 
 scarlet liveries, with silver lace ; each one having his sword 
 by his side, a baton in one hand, and a lighted torch 
 in the other ; these were the marshal's men, who cleared 
 the streets, made way, and were all about the marshal, 
 waiting his commands. After them, and sometimes in 
 the midst of them came the marshal, then Mr. Barrel, 
 afterwards knighted by the king : he was of Lincoln's 
 Inn, an extraordinary handsome proper gentleman. He
 
 240 GRAY'S INN 
 
 was mounted upon one of the king's best horses, and 
 richest saddles, and his own habit was exceeding rich 
 and glorious ; his horsemanship very gallant ; and besides 
 his marshal's men, he had two lacquies, who carried 
 torches by him, and a page in livery that went by him, 
 carrying his cloak. After him followed one hundred 
 gentlemen of the Inns of Court, five-and-twenty chosen 
 out of each house ; of the most proper and handsome 
 young gentlemen of the societies, every one of them 
 was gallantly mounted on the best horses and with the 
 best furniture that the king's stable, and the stables 
 of all the noblemen in town would afford, and they 
 were forward on this occasion to lend them to the Inns 
 of Court." After all these richly apparelled gentlemen 
 came cripples and beggars on poor and lean jades, and 
 various musicians on horseback, then the four mag- 
 nificent chariots of the masquers. In the first chariot 
 " sat the four grand masquers of Gray's Inn, their habits, 
 doublets, trunk-hose and caps of most rich cloth of 
 tissue, and wrought as thick with silver spangles as they 
 could be placed, large white silk stockings up to their 
 trunk-hose and rich sprigs in their caps, themselves 
 proper and beautiful young gentlemen. On each side 
 of the chariot were four footmen in liveries of the 
 colour of the chariot, carrying huge flamboys in their 
 hands, which, with the torches, gave such a lustre to 
 the painting, spangles, and habits, that hardly anything 
 could be invented to appear more glorious." * Similar 
 * Whitelock's Memorials, pp. 19-20.
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 241 
 
 coaches followed from each of the other Inns of Court, 
 the only difference being in the colours. 
 
 The names of the four masquers from Gray's Inn 
 were John Reade, James Ayscough, Edward Page, and 
 James Crawley. Francis Lenton commemorated the 
 occasion by publishing a small volume of twenty-three 
 pages entitled The Inncs of Court Anagrammatist : or 
 the Masquers Masqued in Anagram?7ies. Expressed m 
 Epigramique lines upon their several! names set downe in 
 the next page. Lotidoti 1634. Queen Henrietta Maria 
 was so pleased with the entertainment of the lawyers 
 that she declared " she never saw any masque more 
 noble nor better performed than this was, which she 
 took as a particular respect to herself, as well as to the 
 king her husband." 
 
 Evelyn refers in his Diary on several occasions to 
 the revels of the Inns of Court ; and although these 
 notes do not refer to Gray's Inn, they illustrate the 
 subject, and arc placed here in their chronological 
 sequence. 
 
 ist January, 1661-2, "I wont to London, invited to 
 the solemn foolerie of the Prince de la Grange at 
 Lincoln's Inn, where came the King, Duke, &c. It 
 began with a grand masque, and a formal pleading 
 before the mock i)rinces, grandees, nobles, and knights 
 of the Sunn." 
 
 6th January, 166 1-2, "This evening, according to 
 costome, his Majesty opened the revells of that night, 
 by throwing the dice himselfe in the privy chamber, 
 
 D. K
 
 242 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 where was a table set on purpose, and lost his /"loo 
 (the year before he won /^i,5oo. The ladies also 
 
 plaid very deepe Sorry I am that 
 
 such a wretched costome as play to that excess should 
 be countenanced in a Court which ought to be an 
 example of virtue to the rest of the kingdom." 
 
 9th January, 1668, "Went to see the revells at the 
 Middle Temple, which is also an old riotous costome, 
 and has relation neither to virtue nor policy." 
 
 The following sketch of a ticket of admission to the 
 Masque at Gray's Inn, on February 2, 1682-3, is taken 
 from the preface to Nichols' Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, 
 i. xxi. («.). 
 
 JntifJiodl 
 
 Catidlemas= M^ht cd 8 ofy. Clock 
 tA Masque ^Cy^fT^' 
 
 Nichols states that the original plate of the above 
 ticket had been lent to him by Sir Thomas Gery
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 243 
 
 Cnllum, Baronet, who had purchased it from the pack 
 of an itinerant pedlar, in which he had discovered it 
 among a parcel of old coins. 
 
 Mr. Richard Gipps (afterwards knighted*), whose 
 name is attached to the ticket of admission, was admitted 
 a member of the Society on February 5, 1675. His 
 name occasionally occurs in the records in a somewhat 
 unfavourable connexion, so far as his reputation as a 
 lover of order was concerned, but he was apparently 
 in his element as Master of the Revels in November, 
 1682, and also on Candlemas Day, 1682-3. These 
 entertainments are thus alluded to by Narcissus Luttrell 
 in his Diary : — 
 
 November, 1682 — "On Saturday, the 4th instant, the 
 revells began at Graies Inn, which is to continue every 
 Saturday during this term and the next." 
 
 February, 1682-3. — " Sir Richard Gipps, master of 
 the revells at Graies Inn, attended with his revellers 
 and comptrollers, went to Whitehall the 23rd of the 
 last month in one of his Majesties coaches, with 
 several noblemens coaches and 6 horses, to invite 
 the king and queen, the duke and dutchesse, and 
 the rest of the Court, to a mask at Graies Inn, the 
 2nd instant, being Candlemas Day; and accordingly 
 there was great preparation that day, diverse of the 
 
 * His Majestic hath conferred the honour of knighthood on 
 Mr. Richard Gibbs, Master of the revells at Graies Inn. — Luttrell's 
 Diary, 28 Nov. 1682. 
 
 R 2
 
 244 GRAY'S INN 
 
 nobility and gentry in masks, who danced in the 
 Hall, and afterwards were entertained with a splendid 
 banquet." 
 
 Sir Richard Gipps and the Revels are also noticed 
 in The Loyal Protestant of November 14, 1682, in the 
 following terms : " On Saturday last, at the Revels in 
 Grays Inn were several noble personages, as The Prince 
 of Burgundy, an Italian Marquis, &c. ; where they were 
 entertained with variety of dances ; which being ended, 
 there was a rich banquet prepared for them by Sir 
 Richard Gipps, a very worthy and ingenious gentleman, 
 who is Master of the Revels, and has constituted a 
 master of the ceremonies, eight revellers, and twelve 
 comptrollers." 
 
 On January 22, 1687, a most lamentable fire took 
 place, which led to the destruction of some of the most 
 cherished records of the Society. " On Thursday 
 night, as they were in the midst of their revels and 
 masquerades at Gray's Inn, a violent fire broke out, 
 which destroyed most of the paper buildings that re- 
 mained ; several records are also lost or burnt, or blown 
 up, particularly those of the Fyne Office, or a great 
 part of them." {^Ellis Correspondence, ii. 231.) This 
 disaster, however, scarcely interrupted the masques, 
 which continued to be held until about the middle of 
 the eighteenth century, after which the festivities, which 
 had been declining for some time, ceased. 
 
 The occasion of the last of these gay scenes was the 
 elevation of Mr. Talbot to the woolsack, which took
 
 MASQUES AND REVELS 245 
 
 place in the hall of the Inner Temple, on the 2nd of 
 February, 1733-4. After an elegant dinner, every 
 member of each mess was supplied with a flask of 
 claret, besides the usual allowance of port and sack. 
 The Benchers then all assembled in the great Hall, 
 and, a large ring having been formed round the fire- 
 place, the master of the revels took the Lord Chancellor 
 by the right hand, who with his left took Mr. Justice 
 Page, and, the other Serjeants and benchers being 
 joined together, all danced about the coal fire three 
 times, according to the old ceremony (or rather round 
 the fire-place, for no fire nor embers were in it), while 
 the ancient song, accompanied with music, was sung 
 by one Tony Aston, dressed as a barrister. 
 
 This ancient song cannot now be found, although 
 many searches have been made for it. The extremely 
 scarce little tract, entitled Round about our Coal Fire, 
 does not contain the song, although it is mentioned there 
 (p. 6):^'- 
 
 "The Dancing and Singing of the Benchers in the 
 great Inns of Court in Christmas, is in some sort founded 
 upon Interest ; for they hold, as I am informed, some 
 Priviledge by Dancing about the Fire in the middle of 
 their Hall, and singing the song of Round about our Coal 
 Fire, &c." 
 
 Tony Aston was a celebrated comedian and " droll " 
 in the last century. Tony came of a good stock, but was 
 
 * Rc-priiUcd by Field and Tuer, i8!-'5.
 
 246 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 a ne'er-do-weel. He was the son of Richard Aston, of 
 Tamworth, Staffordshire, Principal of Furnival's Inn, 
 and, as his dutiful son observes in a short biography 
 prefixed to a little musical interlude he had composed, 
 entitled The FooVs Opera, " though a lawyer, lived and 
 died an honest man." " My mother," says Tony, " was 
 daughter of Colonel Cope, of Drumully Castle, county 
 Armagh," and he drolly adds, " As for my relations 
 everywhere, I don't care a groat for 'em, which is just 
 the value they set upon me." 
 
 So closes a very curious chapter in the history of the 
 Inns of Court, and we may appropriately close our 
 record of those festivities in the beautiful words of 
 Prospero — 
 
 " Our revels now are ended. These our actors. 
 As I foretold you, were all spirits, and 
 Are melted into air, into tliin air." 
 
 Tempest, Act iv., sc. i.
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 Armorial 23caring0* 
 
 'HE Harleian Manuscript (191 2) gives the fol- 
 lowing description of the armorial bearings 
 of Gray's Inn. 
 
 "Touching y" Auncient Armoriall, not only by tra- 
 dition received, but also in Mr. Stowe's Appendix 
 blazoned and authentically descried deducted from 
 those of y*^ Lord Gray of Wilton I have here (not 
 discenting from y' writers oppinion) set forth y® 
 same That is to say — Barry of six argent and azure a 
 B ordure quarterly or & of the second T 
 
 " Of moderne dales This honorable Society neg- 
 lecting y" one have selected y'' other w*'' due appro- 
 pracon and no lesse approbacon to themselves, w""'' they 
 entertainc for their proper Heroike & Collegiat 
 Armorialls before any other blazoned as in y* 
 margent depicted. The hono'''*" CoUedge of Grayes- 
 Innc doth beare for their Coat Azure an Indian Grijjon
 
 248 GRAY'S INN 
 
 proper Sergreant w* y^ laudable inscription invironing 
 the same " : — 
 
 INTEGRA LEX ^QVI CVSTOS RECTIQVE MAGISTRA 
 NON HABET AFFECTVS SED CAVSAS IVRE GVBERNAT 
 
 " The Griffon is in fashion twofold or byformed or 
 (as it may bee said) double natured. In y*" fore partes 
 participatinge w**" y* of y^ Eagle, & in y*" hinder partes 
 w*'' those of y^ Lion." 
 
 "This Ayrie fowl, or earthly beast as here it ap- 
 peareth is termed Sergreant not volant or rampant as 
 some hold, for y' hee seemeth w"" his Lionnish loynes 
 to touch y" earth and w* his Eaglish partes advanceth 
 himselfe, as if his flight were towards y^ heavens. The 
 Griffon this erected signifieth his prepared purpose to 
 some action of might and force adding thereunto by y'' 
 Wings and Talents not only fine force, but Industry also. 
 This beaste, havinge attayned unto his full strength & 
 growth so much disdaineth vassalrey and subjection, 
 That hee will never be surprised alive Thereby lively 
 sheweinge forth his magnanimous twofold Kingly 
 spirit as well of Y Lion as of y" Eagle." 
 
 " This signall of bono" discovereth secretly Y proparty 
 of a generous mind & is very significantly assumed to 
 this bono''''' colledge whose members there (if thereto 
 assigned by y*" Sovereigne) will valorsly both for Prince,
 
 ARMORIAL BEARINGS 249 
 
 Peeres, & People attempt y'' performance of noble 
 actions both ingenious, valorous & industrious, ffor 
 such generous persons in y^ dayes of peace put in 
 practise every commendable acction, y* may further y^ 
 maintenance & continuance thereof, that is y" indifferent 
 distribucon of y® Lawes to all. And if contrary should 
 be offered, there is noe doubt, but there hono''"'' incli- 
 nacon to peace & religion would incite them valorously 
 to represse the contemp" thereof by m'^''endevo'^ nothing 
 cann bee better pleasing to a Prince & State or bee 
 accounted more hono'''* & commendable." 
 
 In a manuscript in the Heralds' College {Vincent, 
 190) it is stated — " fTor Armes this House or CoUedge 
 maye by auncyent Costome of honorable favor Usually 
 Indulged in thcis behalfe beare the Armes of the Lord 
 Graye y'' Auncyent possessor, or Inhabitant of this 
 House, but differenced w"' a border Argent and Azure 
 counter-changed, or such lyke convenient diference. 
 But the gentilmen of Grayes Inne have not longe since 
 chosen for device, or ensigne of their House, before 
 thus blazoned Sables, a Griffyn Rampant Goulds 
 
 While these sheets are passing through the press, an 
 interesting discovery has been made.*' The arms of 
 Gray's Inn — or a device identical with them, save a 
 difTercnce in the attitude of the griffin — are found to 
 
 * I have to thaul; Mr. Edward M. Borrajo for giving me this 
 information.
 
 2SO GRAY'S INN 
 
 have been engraved in a work by Edmund Bunny, B.D., 
 entitled, The Sceptre of Jtidah, and printed at London 
 in 1584. On the back of the title-page is a griffin, his 
 right forefoot raised {sejant) on ground tufted with grass. 
 This device, set within a border circular in form, is 
 further contained within an enclosing octagon. Over 
 it are the words in italics, Gryphiis Graiensis, and 
 beneath are these Latin lines, likewise in italics : — 
 
 Quo tnici es viiltu, Gryphe, pane rectts : 
 
 In malos iotiis rapiare saevus : 
 
 Sic tuis semper genuina fies Juris imago. 
 
 Within the border or verge of the circle that surrounds 
 the figure are the two hexameters given by Segar. 
 
 The author dates his "Epistle Dedicatorie" from 
 " Bolton-Percie in the anciente of York the fift of Sep- 
 tember, 1584," and inscribes it — "Unto the Right 
 Honorable and Worshipful, and dearly beloved in the 
 Lord, the Gentlemeji and Students of Graies In, Edm. 
 Bunny wisheth grace, mercie and peace from God the 
 Father, through lesus Christ his Son our Lord." 
 
 After speaking of this Treatise as having been col- 
 lected more than six years since as part of a greater 
 work, long in hand and not yet finished, he goes on : — 
 
 "Which that now I present unto you, the only reason is not, for 
 that sometime I have been of your companie (which notwithstanding 
 I so esteem of, as that I acknowledge it my bounden dutie, ever 
 with reference to be thanliful for it) but much rather because it doth 
 very wel accord, that such as are occupied in the lawes of the
 
 ARMORIAL BEARINGS 251 
 
 Realm, and now in the way to be in place of government hereafter, 
 have now recourse withal unto the righteous lawes of God and to 
 the government that he of old to his people ordained," etc. 
 
 His father, Richard Bunny, formerly of Newton other- 
 wise Bunny hall in the parish of Wakefield and county 
 of York, and afterwards of Newland in the parish of 
 Normanton in the same county, died 30 April 1584, 
 leaving by Bridget his wife (who survived him) three 
 sons ; Edmund, Richard, and Francis, The eldest was 
 the author of the work before us, who succeeded his 
 father in estate, and signed the Visitation of Yorkshire 
 in 1584 as "Edm. Bunny" {Add. MS. 18,011.) A 
 Bachelor of Divinity and fellow of Magdalen College, 
 Oxford, he put forth an earlier work (in 1576) The 
 whole Summe of Christian Religion, dedicated to Edmund 
 archbishop of Canterbury. He was a member of Gray's 
 Inn (as we have read under his own hand), having been 
 admitted in 1561.
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 SlllicD Inng of ©Sanccrg— ^.'taple Inn— aSarnarb'^ Inn. 
 
 N the days when the houses of the lawyers 
 formed parts of a true legal University for 
 London the Inns of Chancery occupied the 
 position of feeding places for the Inns of Court, but in 
 course of time the solicitors turned out the barristers 
 from these Inns, and in the end all official connection 
 between the Inns of Chancery and the Inns of Court 
 has entirely ceased. 
 
 Attached to Gray's Inn were the two Inns of Chan- 
 cery — Staple Inn and Barnard's Inn — both on the 
 southern side of Holborn ; the former has been sold by 
 the members, and the site will probably soon be cleared 
 away for the erection of new buildings. When this 
 clearance is made, London will lose one of its most 
 picturesque "bits" of buildings which connect the 
 present with the far away past. The position of the 
 Inns of Chancery is very clearly explained in an article 
 in the Edinburgh Review, cxxxiv. 488, from which the 
 following are extracts. 
 
 " Whatever might be their rank or derivation, all who 
 looked to the higher department of the profession, all 
 indeed who intended to work as advocates in Court, 
 must have begun their legal studies in an Inn of Chan- 
 cery. After going through this indispensable juvenile 
 novitiate, they moved up to, and were entered of, an 
 Inn of Court. They still retained the ancient title of
 
 ^tayU Inn
 
 I
 
 ALLIED INNS OF CHANCERY 253 
 
 apprenticii, of wliom there were three classes— i. The 
 imnor apprenticii, all of the Inns of Chancery; 2. The 
 senior apprenticii, who instructed the juniors; and 3. 
 The apprenticii ad legem, who after a curriculum of eight 
 years, and after strict and repeated examinations, were 
 allowed to practise as advocates in the Courts. Men of 
 mark and distinction were appointed Readers, who lec- 
 tured and conducted mootings both in the Inns of Court 
 and in the Inns of Chancery." 
 
 The writer further states — 
 
 " In Coke's time there were 747 students in the Inns 
 of Chancery. But in course of the succeeding half- 
 century, the attorneys, having acquired a mastery over 
 the Inns of Chancery — the seminary of legal education 
 — though they did not, as we have before observed, 
 actually exclude students for the Bar, yet received them 
 ungraciously (disregarding the benchers' remonstrances), 
 so that on the 8th of November, 1629, Sir Matthew Hale 
 having quitted Magdalen College, Oxford, instead of 
 resorting to an Inn of Chancery, solicited admission and 
 was received at Lincoln's Inn per sal turn ; thereby, in 
 effect, terminating one element of the ancient discipline 
 so much approved of by Fortescue and Coke in former 
 times, and lauded so warmly by Lord Campbell in our 
 own. Adverting to the case of Sir Matthew Hale, his 
 lordship observes, * that the custom for law students to 
 be first entered of an Inn of Chancery, before being 
 admitted of an Inn of Court, seems now to have become 
 obsolete ;' adding that 'the Inns of Chancery were by 
 this time entirely abandoned to the attorneys.'"
 
 254 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Staple Mn. 
 
 Staple Inn, according to tradition, was originally the 
 place where the wool merchants resorted, and the tra- 
 dition is somewhat confirmed by the arms of the Inn, 
 which contain a woolpack. 
 
 It was an Inn of Chancery in the reign of Henry V. 
 and probably at an earlier period. In the 20th year 
 of Henry VIII., the inheritance of Staple Inn passed 
 from John Knighton and Alice his wife to the Benchers 
 and ancients of Gray's Inn. 
 
 In Elizabeth's reign there were 145 students in term, 
 and 69 out of term, which was the largest number of 
 any of the Inns of Chancery. 
 
 The following interesting letter from the ancients of 
 Gray's Inn to Lord Burghley contains a recommenda- 
 tion of Thomas Cary to be Principal, and the expression 
 of a hope that he would improve the government of the 
 house, which even at that time was in great need of a 
 better system of discipline. 
 
 Lansdowne M.S. 40, Art. 38. 
 
 Right honorable and C very goode Lorde — Whereas by the death 
 of the late principall of Staple Inne, Ther is presently a new 
 election to be made of an other, and having had experience of late 
 tyme by reason of the wante of learning and good governement in
 
 ALLIED INNS OF CHANCERY 
 
 255 
 
 ther principalis The howses of Chauncery are growen to some 
 dysorder of lyving, and to greate decay of studie, not regarding 
 the aucthoritie of ther principall, by reason there hath byn no such 
 care of Election heretofore hadd as were convenient, being altogether 
 choysen by the voyses of the younge gentelmen, And having hadd 
 good knowledge of M'' Thomas Cary, a gentelman of o"' howse, 
 both for his knowledge in Law, being an utter barester of good 
 standing and learning and for his behaviour, sober and dyscrete, 
 AVe are bold to be humble suters unto yo'' good L[ordship] and 
 to Recommende him for a very fitt and able man for that place, 
 humbly Intreating yo>' L. favour in his behalfe unto the societie of 
 that howse for the better governement and Increase of learning ther 
 here after, To make choyse of him And thus seasing yo>^ L. furder 
 treble we Committ yow to the tuission of the highest, whome we 
 pray longe to preserve, from Grais Inne this presente mondaie the 
 xjth of Maye 1584. 
 
 Yo'' L. most humbly 
 to Commaunde 
 
 Rauf Barton 
 
 John Kytchyn 
 
 Jo. Brograve 
 Tho: Colbye 
 Chr. Yclvcrton 
 
 R. Kemp' 
 Will'm Danyell 
 Mychaell Lewys 
 
 [Addressed] 
 
 Rich'd Aunger 
 
 Will-'m Cardynall 
 Rychard Shuttleworthe 
 
 Peter ffeasant 
 
 To the right honorable & C 
 very singulor good L. the L. 
 Burghley, high Treasorer 
 of Englond. 
 
 [Endorsed] 11 May 1584 
 
 The Readers & Auncientes 
 
 of Grayes Inne 
 Commendation of M^ 
 Tho. Cary to be principall 
 
 of Staple Inne.
 
 256 GRAY'S INN 
 
 Sir George Buc's note on this house is printed in 
 Howes's edition of Stowe (1631) and he wrote — "But 
 for latter matters I cannot chuse but make report and 
 much to the prayse and commendation of the Gentlemen 
 of this House, that they have bestowed great costs in 
 new building a fayre Hall of brick, and two parts of the 
 outward courtyards, besides other lodging in the garden 
 and elsewhere, and have thereby made it the fayrest Inn 
 of Chancery in this Universitie." 
 
 Sir Simonds D'Ewes {Autobiography) mentions that 
 on the 17th February, 1624, he went to Staple Inn in 
 the morning, and there argued a moot point or law case 
 with others, and was engaged till near three in the 
 afternoon. 
 
 Dr. Johnson went from Gough Square to Staple Inn 
 on the completion of his Dictmiary, because he was 
 unable to bear the expense of a house after that source 
 of income had ceased. In his chambers he composed 
 his "little storybook" — Rasselas Prince of Abyssinia, 
 and with the proceeds of its sale he buried his mother. 
 In 1759 he removed to Gray's Inn. 
 
 Isaac Reed the Shakespearian scholar lived at No. 1 1, 
 and here he died on the 5th January, 1807.
 
 33arnarli'0 Inn
 
 ALLIED INNS OF CHANCERY. 257 
 
 This house was originally known as Mackworth's Inn, 
 from having been the residence of Dr. John Mackworth, 
 who was Dean of Lincoln in the reign of Henry VI, 
 It was afterwards leased by his successor and the 
 Chapter of Lincoln to Lyonel Barnard, from whom it 
 received the name it now bears. 
 
 It was let to students of the law as early as the year 
 1454 ; for in that year, according to Stowe (Aftnales, 
 464) there was a "great fray" in Fleet Street between 
 " men of court " and the inhabitants there, in the course 
 of which the Queen's attorney was slain. For this act 
 the principal governors of Cliiford's Inn, Furnival's 
 Inn, and Barnard's Inn were sent prisoners to Hertford 
 Castle. 
 
 In the reign of Elizabeth there were 112 students in 
 term and 24 out of term. 
 
 Originally Barnard's Inn was governed by a principal 
 and twelve ancients. The fines on admission varied 
 from y. 8d. to 16s. 8d. Great strictness was exercised 
 in the study of the rudimental forms of the law. Fines 
 were imposed of one halfpenny for every defective 
 word, one farthing for every syllable, and one penny for 
 every improper word, in writing the writs according to 
 the form of the Chancery, in the moots of the house. 
 
 D. S
 
 2s8 GRAY'S INN 
 
 A Reader was appointed by Gray's Inn, and great 
 respect was paid to him. The Principal, accompanied 
 by the ancients and gentlemen in commons in their 
 gowns, met him at the rails of the House on his coming, 
 and conducted him into the Hall. In 1664 the porter 
 of the Inn was fined 6s. Sd. for not having given notice 
 to the Principal of the Reader's arrival. Foss's fudges 
 0/ Uftgland, vii. 50. 
 
 In 1 60 1 Mr. Warren was fined /'i : 6s. 8d. "for wearing 
 his hat in the Hall, and for his long hair, and otherwise 
 misdemeaning himself." 
 
 In the time of the Plague, the porter was allowed 
 4^. for coals to be burnt in the street, by order of the 
 Lord IMayor. 
 
 In 1706 the custom of giving a fowl and wine at 
 initiations was abrogated : and it was ordered that two 
 quarts of wine only be given to each mess of four men 
 by two gentlemen being initiated. The steward was 
 allowed for commons on flesh days (five days in the 
 week) sevenpence a day for every member ; for Friday 
 dinners, for potage and fish, one penny halfpenny ; and 
 for Saturday threepence a member, and no more. 
 
 The most distinguished of the Principals of Barnard's 
 Inn was Lord Chief Justice Holt, whose portrait, with 
 those of Lord Burghley, Bacon, Lord Keeper Coventry, 
 and Charles II., are yet left hung in the Hall. This 
 hall is a small red brick structure, measuring 36 feet by 
 22 feet. It has an oak roof, and heraldic glass in the 
 windows.
 
 ALLIED INNS OF CHANCERY 259 
 
 Very little information respecting this Inn is to be 
 obtained from the evidence before the Royal Commis- 
 sion on the Inns of Court and Chancery in 1855. The 
 treasurer and secretary of the Inn then deposed that its 
 books were three hundred years old, and that it held 
 the property under a lease, renewable every fourteen 
 years, at a fine of ^1,400, and that about two hundred 
 years ago a reader occasionally came from Gray's Inn, 
 but "what he read about, or who paid him, there is no 
 minute whatever." 
 
 In 1854 the Society consisted of a principal, nine 
 ancients, and five companions. The companions were 
 chosen by the principal and ancients. The advantage 
 of being a companion was stated to be " the dining," 
 and the advantage of being an ancient " dinners and 
 some little fees." 
 
 Hayley, the poet, took a set of chambers in Barnard's 
 Inn in October, 1737, which he described as cheap and 
 pleasant ; and at No. 2 lived Peter Woulfe, the last of 
 the alchemists. 
 
 s 2
 
 26o 
 
 GRAY'S INN 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 IHE prizes and scholarships awarded in this 
 Society are, in the order of foundation, — the 
 Lee Prize, the Bacon Scholarship, the Holt 
 Scholarship, and the Arden Scholarship : of these some 
 particulars will be of interest in connection with the 
 modern history of the Society. 
 
 In the year 1864, John Lee, Esq., LL.D., a barrister 
 of the Society, and afterwards one of the Masters of the 
 Bench, gave the sum of /^5oo, to be invested so that 
 the interest of the money might be annually awarded 
 by the Benchers for the time being, " as a Prize for 
 some Essay on the Laws of Justinian, or on the 
 Common or Statute Law of our own Country." In 
 order to carry out the intentions of Dr. Lee, the Society 
 resolved " that the sumof /'zs shall annually, in Trinity 
 Term, be awarded as a prize to the student, being 
 a member of the Inn, who shall have written the best 
 essay upon the subject mentioned in the notice given 
 by the Masters of the Bench during the preceding 
 Trinity Term."
 
 SCHOLARSHIPS 261 
 
 In November, 1873, the Society founded two scholar- 
 ships, one of the annual value of / 45, called "The 
 Bacon," and the other of the annual value of ^^40, 
 called "The Holt," Scholarships. These scholarships 
 arc tenable for two years, and are to be awarded to 
 the students who shall have passed the best examination 
 in " The History of England, Political and Constitu- 
 tional." 
 
 In the same year Joseph Arden, Esq., also a barrister 
 of the Society, and afterwards one of the Masters of the 
 Bench, " being desirous to encourage the study of the 
 Laws of England, and to confer a real and substantial 
 benefit as well as a distinction upon meritorious indi- 
 viduals, and to aid them in the study and practice of 
 such laws at the commencement of their professional 
 career," founded three scholarships of £bo per annum 
 each ; one to be awarded every year, tenable for three 
 years, from the scholar's call to the Bar by the Society, 
 provided he shall so long continue a member of the 
 Society, to be designated 'The Arden English Law 
 Scholarships in Gray's Inn,' and to be conferred upon 
 such candidate as shall exhibit, in the examination 
 to be made, the greatest proficiency in the Laws of 
 England, or in any two or more branches or divisions 
 thereof." The Arden Scholarships were, until the 
 present year, awarded to members of the Inn who had 
 passed in the Honours Examination of the Council of 
 Legal Education. But by the new consolidated regula- 
 tions of the four Inns of Court, the Honours Exami-
 
 262 GRAY'S INN 
 
 nation has been abolished : and the Trustees have 
 therefore instituted a separate examination for these 
 scholarships, which is to be held in Michaelmas Term 
 of each year, and the subjects of which are to be, in 
 alternate years, two or more branches or divisions of 
 the Common Law, and two or more branches or divi- 
 sions of the Law of Real Property and Equity. 
 
 I
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Abbreviations, Table of, 129. 
 Abergavenny; Henry (Nevill), Lord, 
 
 120, 132, 193. 
 Addison, Joseph, on Gray's Inn 
 
 Gardens, 187. 
 Admissions, List of (1521-1674), in 
 
 Harleian MS., 23. 
 Agar, Laurence, 133. 
 Agas, Ralph, map of London, xii, 102 
 Ainslie, Montagu F., 139. 
 Alban, St., Viscount. See Bacon, 
 
 Sir Francis. 
 Albemarle ; Geo. (Monck), Duke 
 
 of, 123, 132, 196. 
 Allcockc, Robert, 40, 55. 
 Allen, Robert, 130. 
 Allington, "William, 40, 56, 128. 
 Arlington House, 105. 
 Altham, Sir James, 61, 122. 
 Ameredeth, Richard, 123. 
 Amhurst, John, 75. 
 Amhurst, Richard, 65. 
 Ancient orders, 88 — 98. 
 Ancients, 33, 34. 
 Andrewe family, 19. 
 Andrewcs, Lancelot, Bp. of Winch., 
 
 195- 
 
 Andrews, Thomas, 130. 
 
 Apparel, orders against excess of, 
 
 89, 90. 
 proclamation {temp. Eliz.), 91- 
 
 95- 
 
 Apprenticii ad legem, 35, 253. 
 
 Archer, Sir John, 73, 123, 133. 
 
 Arden, Joseph, 137. 
 
 Arden Scholarships, 261, 262. 
 
 Arkelowe, Baron of, 124. 
 
 Armagh ; James Usher, Bp. of, 195. 
 
 Armorial bearings, 247 — 251. 
 
 Armyne, Evre, 73. 
 
 Ashley, Robert, bequest of, to 
 
 Middle Temple Library, 174. 
 Ashton, Sir Ralph, 203. 
 Ashton, Sir Robert, 203. 
 Aston, Tony, 245. 
 Athowe, Thomas, 63, 122. 
 Attwater, Wm., Bp. of Lincoln, 
 
 193. 195- 
 Aubrey, John, resident in Gray's 
 
 Inn Lane, xx. 
 Aunger, Sir Francis, 62. 
 Aunger, Richard, 40, 56, 125, 135. 
 Ayscough, James, actor in The 
 
 Triumph of Peace, 24 1 . 
 
 Bacon, Anthony, 207. 
 
 Bacon, Sir Francis, 59, 61, 70, 73, 
 120, 121, 132. 
 
 portraits of, 140, 259. 
 
 and the Library, 175. 
 
 on gardens, 183, 184. 
 
 and the Gardens, 183, 185.
 
 264 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Bacon erected a summer-house, 184. 
 with Raleig:h in Gray's Inn 
 Walks, 185. 
 
 notice of, 207 — 210. 
 
 on masques, 222. 
 
 letter to Lord Burghley on a 
 joint masque, 227. 
 
 The Mas ke of Flowers dedica ted 
 to, 232. 
 
 and the Revels, 234, 235. 
 
 Bacon, Francis, a donor to the 
 Library, 176. 
 
 Bacon, Nathaniel, 72. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 1 76. 
 Bacon,SirNicholas,52, 120, 132, 168. 
 
 portrait of, 140. 
 
 Bacon Scholarship, 261. 
 
 Baldock, Sir Robert, 133. 
 
 Baldwin's Gardens a sanctuary, 104. 
 
 Bancroft, Richard, Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, 194. 
 
 Bandinus, Cardinal, portrait of, 141. 
 
 Banlces, Sir John, 69, 123. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 1 76. 
 
 Bar, call to the, 35. 
 
 Barebone, Dr., riot with workmen 
 of, 107 — 109. 
 
 Baresford, Edward, 48. 
 
 Barham, Nicholas, 54, 122. 
 
 Barker, Richard, 60. 
 
 Barnard's Inn, 257 — 259. 
 
 Barrett, Sir Paul, 133. 
 
 Barristers, 35, 36. 
 
 Inner, 31, 32, 78. 
 
 Junior and Senior, 35. 
 
 Utter, 31, 78, 79, 83. 
 Barristers of Gray's Inn, list of, of 
 
 good practice (A.D. 1577), 41. 
 Barstow, James, 140. 
 
 Bartholomew, Prior of St., 195. 
 
 Barton, Ralph, 54, 126, 131. 
 
 Battle, Abbott of, 192, 195. 
 
 Bayley, John, 136. 
 
 Bayly, Robert, 139. 
 
 Bayly, Thomas Davis, 140. 
 
 Beards, orders relating to (xvi, 
 cent.), 89, 90. 
 
 Beauchamp arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Beaumont, Francis, masque by, 231. 
 
 Becket, Thomas, Archbp. of Canter- 
 bury, images of, to be removed 
 from Chapel windows, 146. 
 
 Beckwith, Sir Leonard, 50. 
 
 Beddingfield, Sir Tho., 71, 133. 
 
 Bedfellows in chambers, 99, 100. 
 
 Bedford ; Francis (Russell), Earl of, 
 120, 124, 13s, 193, 198. 
 
 Bell, John, 139. 
 
 Bell for Chapel, 149. 
 
 Bello, Abbas de, 195. 
 
 Benchers, 31. 
 
 Bennet, John, 133. 
 
 Bergavenny; Hemy (NeviU), Lord, 
 120, 132, 192, 193. 
 
 Berkeley ; Henry, Lord, hunting in 
 Gray's Inn Fields, xix. 
 
 Berkeley, Thomas, 168. 
 Bernard, Francis, library of, 24. 
 Bernard, Dean Nicholas, 156. 
 Bertie, Robert, Earl of Lindsay, 200. 
 Best, W. M., Master of the Library, 
 
 179. 
 Betenham, Jeremie, 59. 
 
 inscnption to his memory by 
 Bacon, 185. 
 
 Bevercotes, Samuel, 6x.
 
 INDEX 
 
 265 
 
 BilHnge, Sir Tho., 46, 122, 134. 
 letter of (a.d. 1454), 20. 
 
 Bindon ; Thomas (Howard), Vis- 
 count, 125, 134. 
 
 Binge, Henry, 66, 122, 133. 
 
 Birch, John, 52. 
 
 Birds in Gray's Inn Gardens, 
 
 188—191. 
 Bletso. See St. John. 
 Blount, James, Lord Mountjoy, 201. 
 Blundell, Robert, 66. 
 
 Blundeston, ) t ,0 ,-0 
 
 Blunston, ) Lawrence, 58, 128. 
 
 Bodkin, AVm. Henry, 140. 
 Bodyham, Roger, 126. 
 Bolter, Bolting, Bolts, 36, 83. 
 
 Boots, orders against wearing, in 
 
 Hall, 96. 
 Botreux arms, quartered, 135. 
 Bowling Green House, 106. 
 Boyes, John, 50. 
 Brackin, Francis, 60, 126, 132. 
 Bradley, Robert Green, 139. 
 Brantingliam, Elias, 63, 126, 131. 
 Bray, Sir Reginald, 125, 135. 
 
 Brent, Nathaniel, on the Masques 
 
 (A.D. 1617), 235. 
 Brian, Joseph, 70. 
 Brian, Thomas, 46, 122. 
 Brickcndine, Thomas, 69. 
 
 Bridge's History of Northamptoji, 
 
 quoted, 19. 
 Bridges, Giles, Lord Chandos, 202. 
 Brilland, Reginald, 133. 
 
 Britton, John, resident in Gray's 
 
 Inn, xvii. 
 Brodcrip, William John, 139. 
 resident in Gray's Inn, xvii. 
 on the Rooks in the Gardens, 
 188—190. 
 
 Brograve, Sir John, 41,57, 127, 131. 
 
 Broome, Thomas, 74, 123. 
 
 Brougham, Lord, on Sir Samuel 
 Romilly, 215. 
 
 Browne, Francis, 48. 
 
 Browne, George, 51. 
 
 Broxholme, Thomas, 58. 
 
 Buc, Sir George, quoted, 256. 
 
 Buck, Samuel, 149. 
 
 Buggyn, 128. 
 
 Bunny, Edmund, and the arms of 
 Gray's Inn, 250. 
 
 Burghley; Wm. (Cecill), Lord, 120, 
 134. 
 letter of, recommending Dr. 
 Crooke, 153. 
 
 present at a " Commedy " at 
 
 Gray's Inn, 225. 
 portrait of, 258. 
 
 See Cecill, Wm. 
 
 Burke, Ric, Earl of Clanricarde, 
 200. 
 
 Burnham, William, 41. 
 
 fined for not reading, 57. 
 Burrell, Thomas Palfrey, 139. 
 Burton, Sir Robert, 138. 
 Burton's Diary, quoted, 43. 
 Bury, Sir Thomas, 131, 133. 
 Butler, Jas., Duke of Ormond, 
 
 124. 135, 196. 
 Butler, Jas., Earl of OiTnond, 196. 
 
 Butler, Sir John, 125, 135, 205. 
 
 Butler, Samuel, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, x\'ii. 
 
 Butler, Thomas, Earl of Ormond, 
 124, 135, 196. 
 
 Button, Sir Wm., 205. 
 
 Bynge, Henry, 122, 133.
 
 266 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Caley, Abraham, 157. 
 Callis, Robert, 67, 123. 
 
 reading of, 42. 
 Camden, Wm., Clarenceux, 205. 
 Camden's Britannia, quoted, 20. 
 Campbell, Lord, on Moots, 84. 
 Canterbury', archbishops of, ad- 
 mitted, 194. 
 Cardinall, William, 57, 127, 132. 
 Carew ; George, Lord, 122, 202. 
 Carey, Heniy, Lord Hmisdon, 120. 
 Carr, Sir Robert, 132. 
 Carr, Thomas William, 139. 
 
 Cary, Thomas, letter recommend- 
 ing him as Principal of Staple 
 Inn, 255. 
 
 Catalogue of Library, 177, 178, 179. 
 of manuscripts, 180 — 182. 
 
 Caulfield, George, 61. 
 
 Cavendish, Wilham, Earl of De- 
 vonshire, 122, 200. 
 
 Cecill, Ehzabeth, 219. 
 
 Cecill, Richard, 219. 
 
 CeciU, Robert, 199. 
 
 CeciU, Sir AVm., Lord Burghley, 1 20, 
 141, 193, 202, 206, 208, 219. 
 See Exeter and Salisbury. 
 
 Cecill arms, 134. 
 
 Challinor (Chaloner), Robert, 47. 
 bequest to the Library, 175. 
 
 Chamberlain, John, quoted, no. 
 on the Revels, 234. 
 
 Chamberlain, Sir Thomas, 63, 122. 
 
 Chambers, surveys of, 100, lOi. 
 
 Chambre, Sir Alan, 137, 138. 
 
 Chandless, Thomas, 139. 
 
 Chandos; Giles (Bridges), Lord, 
 201. 
 
 Chapel, 144 — 170. 
 
 Chapel Court, loi, 102. 
 
 Chapel utensils, order to sell, 146. 
 
 Chaplain of Gray's Inn, provided by 
 John de Grey, 144. 
 
 by the Crown after dissolution 
 
 of monasteries, 151. 
 plaintiff in action of battery 
 
 (A.D. 1400), 145. 
 
 Chapman, George, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Charles L, portrait of, 140. 
 
 Masque of Inns of Court be- 
 fore, 238. 
 
 Charles II., portraits of, 140, 258. 
 
 his coach upset, 106. 
 Cha worth, George, 62. 
 
 Chelmsford ; Frederick (Thesiger), 
 Lord, 136. 
 
 Cheney; Henry, Lord, 45. 
 
 Cheney, William, 45. 
 
 Chetham, Henry, 133. 
 
 Chiche. See Darcy. 
 
 Chigwell, Richard, gift of property 
 in Holborn to Dean and Cliapter 
 of St. Paul's, London, 15. 
 
 Chigwell, Robert, Portpool Manor 
 held of, 9, 14. 
 
 prebendary of Reculverland, 
 14- 
 Chigwell family and Portpool 
 Manor, 14—16. 
 
 Chisnold, Richard, 55. 
 
 Christian, Edward, 139. 
 
 Clagett, Dr. WiUiam, 157. 
 
 Clanricarde; Richard (Burke), Earl 
 of, 200. 
 
 Clare arms, quartered,- \t,^. 
 
 Clarence arms, quartered, 135.
 
 INDEX 
 
 267 
 
 Clarke, Sir Thomas, 133. 
 
 Claypoole family, 219 — 221. 
 
 Claypoole, John, presented Wal- 
 ton's Polyglot Bible, ziH 
 
 Clayton, Ralph, 130. 
 
 Cleveland, John, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Clinton, Theopliilus, Earl of Lin- 
 coln, 198. 
 
 Clopton, William, 69. 
 
 Cobbett, resident in Gray's Inn, 
 xvii. 
 
 Cobham, Lord, 193. 
 
 CockeU, William, 130. 
 
 Coke, Sir Edward, portrait of, 140. 
 
 Coke, William, 51, 118, 122. 
 
 Colby, Thomas, 40, 55, 125. 
 
 Cole (Devon) arms, 125. 
 
 Coles, Humfrey, 48, 126. 
 
 Colics (of Herefordshire), 48, 126. 
 
 Collins, Sir Arthur, 140. 
 
 Colpeper, John, 45, 49, 128. 
 
 Colshill, Thomas, 128. 
 
 Combe, Boyce, 140. 
 
 Communion, Holy, all members 
 ordered to attend, 167. 
 
 Compton; Henry, Lord, 121, 122, 
 199. 
 
 Compton, William, Earl of North- 
 ampton, 199. 
 
 Coney Court, loi, 102. 
 
 Confessor, Edward the, 135. 
 
 CONNAUGHT, H.R.H. the Duke 
 of, 136, 216. 
 
 Consett, Warcop, 139. 
 
 Cooke. Si-Y Coke. 
 
 Cooper, Ralph, 67. 
 
 Corbould, John, 123. 
 
 Cornewall, Chas. Wolfran, 130. 
 
 Coulson, Walter, 139. 
 
 Coventry, Lord Keeper, 258. 
 
 Cradock, Dr. Zachary, 157. 
 
 Crawley, Sir Francis, 67, 123, 131. 
 
 Crawley, James, actor in The 
 Triicynph of Peace, 24 1. 
 
 Crew, Sir Thomas, 64. 
 
 Crewe, Nathaniel, Bp. of Durham, 
 
 169. 
 Cromwell, Elizabeth, 221. 
 
 Henry, 221. 
 
 Ohver, 219 — 221, 
 
 Richard, 221. 
 
 Thomas, Earl of Essex, 193, 
 198, 206, 221. 
 
 Crooke, Sir Heniy, 205. 
 
 Crooke, Dr. Thomas, 153, 154. 
 recommended by Lord Burghley, 
 
 153- 
 Cross, John, 137. 
 Cupboard-men, 81. 
 
 Dacre of the South, Lord, 192. 
 Dacre of the North, Lord, 193. 
 Dale, Valentine, 121. 
 DaUison, Sir Charles, 73, 123. 
 Dallyson, William, 52, 122. 
 Dalyson. See Dallyson. 
 Daniell, Sir William, 41, 57, 121. 
 Danvers, Sir John, 125, 204. 
 Darcy of Chich ; John, Lord, 1 20, 
 
 132, 193- 
 Darrell, Thomas, 51, 128. 
 DancU, Walter, 66. 
 Daubeny, Lord, 192. 
 Dauncey, Philip, 139. 
 Davenport, Sir Humfrey, 65, 123. 
 De Grey, John, provides a chaplain, 
 
 144.
 
 268 
 
 INDEX 
 
 De Grey, Reginald, 7. 
 De Grey of Codnor, Henry, 7. 
 De Grey of Wilton, Henry, 10. 
 De Grey, Reginald, 9. 
 
 See also Grey. 
 De la Warre, Lord, 192. 
 Delvyn ; Chr. (Nugent) Lord, 202. 
 Denny, Sir Wm., 67. 
 Denys, Hugh, Portpool Manor con- 
 veyed to, 13. 
 
 Derby; Edward (Stanley), Earl of, 
 120, 132. 
 
 Derby ; Henry (Stanley), Earl of, 
 197. 
 
 Derby; Thomas (Stanley), Earl of, 
 197. 
 
 De Skipwith, William, 20. 
 Dethick, Sir William, 125, 133, 205. 
 
 Devon's Issues of the Exchequer, 
 quoted, 27. 
 
 Devonshire, WiUiam (Cavendish), 
 Earl of, 122, 200. 
 
 D'Ewes, Sir Simonds, at Staple Inn, 
 256. 
 
 Dickens, Charles, quoted, xvi. 
 
 Digby, Sir Kenelm, 203. 
 
 Digges, Sir Dudley, 69, 123, 133. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 176. 
 
 Dillon, Peter, 47. 
 
 D'Israeli, Isaac, account of Judge 
 Jenkius, 212. 
 
 Dixwell, Henry, 133. 
 
 Dolben, John, Bp. Rochester, 195. 
 
 Domesday Book, Holbom men- 
 tioned in, 2. 
 
 Donors to the Library, 176. 
 
 Dorchester ; Henry, Marquess of, 124. 
 
 Dorrell, G., 128. 
 
 Dorsett, Dean Robert, gives testi- 
 monial of Thomas Walker's reli- 
 gion, 165. 
 
 Dowling, Alfred Septimus, 130. 
 Downes, Roger, 65. 
 Dress, orders against excess of, 89, 
 90. 
 proclamation [temp Eliz.), 91 — 
 95- 
 Dudley, Edmund, 46, 168. 
 
 Dudley, John, Duke of Northumber- 
 land, 196. 
 Dugdale, Sir William, 206, 215. 
 
 Dugdale's Origines jfuridiciales, 
 quoted, 18, 24, 34, 37, 78, 
 79. 99. 1", "5. 146, 224. 
 the Hall windows given in, 
 120 — 128. 
 Dunbar; George (Hume), Earl of, 
 200. 
 
 Dyce, Rev. A., resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Dyson, Humfrey, 141. 
 
 Easter Day, breakfast on (a.d. 1581), 
 
 98. 
 Edgar, Thomas, 73. 
 Edgell, Harry, 139. 
 Edward THE Confessor, 124,135. 
 Edwards, John, 140. 
 Elizabeth, Queen : — 
 
 memory of, drunk in Hall, 112. 
 
 armorial bearings, 124. 
 
 portrait, 141. 
 
 proclamation concerning por- 
 traits of, 142. 
 
 entertainment of, at Greenwich, 
 227, 230 
 
 presents prize to the Prince of 
 Purpoole, 231.
 
 INDEX 
 
 269 
 
 Ellis, John, 60. 
 
 EUis, Sir Thomas, 65. 
 
 EUis, Sir William, 61, 74, 133. 
 
 Ellis correspondence, quoted, 99. 
 
 Ely, Bishop of, 193. 
 
 Eminent members, 192 — 221. 
 
 Ernie (Ernley), Sir John, 64, 119, 
 122, 131. 
 
 Erskine, John, Earl of Mar, 200. 
 
 Espinasse, Isaac, 139. 
 
 Essex; Thomas (Cromwell), Earl 
 of, 193, 198, 206, 221. 
 
 Estervege, Gerard van, 72. 
 
 Estervege, Mary van, 72. 
 
 Eure; Ralph, Lord, 124, 135. 
 
 Evelyn's Diary: reference to Inns 
 of Comt revels, 241. 
 
 Evers, Sir Francis, 64. 
 
 Evers, Sir Sampson, 71. 
 
 Evers ; William, Lord, 201. 
 
 Exeter; Joseph Hall, Bishop of, 
 
 195- 
 Exeter; Thomas (Cccill), Earl of, 
 
 124, 134, 199, 202. 
 Eyre, Sir James, 133. 
 portrait of, 141. 
 
 Fairefax, Sir Thomas, 46, 124. 
 Fairefax, Sir William, 46, 119, 121. 
 Fane, Thomas, 127, 133. 
 Feasant, Peter, 58, 68, 127. 
 Feircfax, Guy, 119. 
 Fenton, Dr. Roger, 155. 
 Feme's Blazon of Gentrie, quoted, 
 
 79- 
 Field, The, on the birds in the 
 
 Gardens, 188. 
 Finch, Henry, 62. 
 
 Finch ; John, Lord, 66, 123, 132. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 176. 
 
 Finch, Nathaniel, 68, 123. 
 
 Fineaux, Sir John, 46, 121, 131. 
 
 Fine Roll, mention of Portpool in 
 the, 4. 
 
 Fire at Gray's Inn (a.d. 1687), 99, 
 244. 
 
 Fish, Simon, 223. 
 
 Fish, Sir William, 67. 
 
 Fisher, John, 138. 
 
 Fitzgerald, Henry, Earl of Kildare, 
 200. 
 
 Fitzgerald, Lord, 216. 
 
 Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, 46, 118, 
 119, 122, 211. 
 
 Fitzherbert, Wiiliam, 133. 
 Fleetwood, Henry, 64. 
 Fletcher, Christopher, 127. 
 Flint (Flynt), Robert, 53, 126, 132. 
 Flower, Francis, 227. 
 Flynt, Thomas, 74, 133. 
 Flynt, Flynte. See Flint. 
 Fooks, William Cracroft, 140. 
 Forde, Edward, 126, 131. 
 Forsett, Richard, 53. 
 Fortcscue ... 121. 
 Fortcscue (Sir John) De laudihus 
 legum AnglicB, quoted, xii. 28, 
 
 Foss's Judges of England, quoted, 
 xxii, 27. 
 
 Foster, James, 133. 
 
 Fownchope, 76. 
 
 Fulbcckc's Preparative to the Study 
 
 of tlie Law, quoted, 82. 
 Fuller, Nicholas, 59, 127. 
 Fuller's Worthies, quoted, 171. 
 Fullwood, Christopher, 69.
 
 
 270 INDEX 
 
 Fulwood's rents, 102, 104. 
 Fumess, Abbot of, 195. 
 Fust, Sir H. Jenner, 139. 
 
 Gallery in Hall, 112. 
 
 Gardens, the, 183 — 191. 
 
 Gardiner, Stephen, Bp. of Win- 
 chester, 193, 195. 
 
 portrait of, 141. 
 Gascoigne, George, translated 
 Euripides' Jocasta, and Ariosto's 
 The Supposes, 225. 
 
 Gascoigne, Sir William, 20, 45, 128, 
 
 132, 206, 210. 
 Gaselee, Sir Stephen, 136, 139. 
 Gates, 102, 103. 
 Gay, Osmond, 51. 
 Gentlemen of descent only admitted, 
 
 78. 
 Ge7itlernafi''s Magazine, letter in, on 
 
 the Hall, 113. 
 Gerrard, Sir Gilbert, 40, 53, 122, 
 
 131- 
 
 Gerrard, Philip, 64. 
 
 Gerrard, WiUiam, 54, 6r. 
 Gesta Grayorum, 227. 
 Gipps, Sir Richard, 243. 
 Godbold, John, 69. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 176, 
 180. 
 Godrick, Richard, 127. 
 Golden Griffin Tavern, 104. 
 Goldsmith, Clement, 61. 
 Goldsmith, Oliver, resident in Gray's 
 
 Inn, xvii. 
 Goldwell, 127. 
 Gooding, Thomas, 131. 
 Good Friday, dinner on (A.D. 1581), 
 
 97- 
 
 Gordon Riots, Gray's Inn during 
 
 the, 104. 
 Gosnold, John, 50, 125. 
 Grace, Abbott of St. Mary de, 195. 
 Gray. See Grey. 
 
 Gray's Inn, derivation of name, 2, 
 20. 
 
 number of members (a.d. 1574, 
 
 1585), 218. 
 
 Gray's Inn Gate, xviii. 
 
 alms distributed at (A.D. 1587), 
 98. 
 Gray's Inn Lane {temp. Eliz.), xii. 
 Gray's Inn Place, 105. 
 Gray's Inn Square, loi. 
 Greene, Thomas, 139. 
 Greenwood, Thomas, 139, 140. 
 Gregoiy, William, 76. 
 Sir William, 133. 
 Gresham, Sir Thomas, 126,203. 
 Grey, Edmund, 51. 
 Grey, Henry, Earl of Kent, 120, 
 
 132, 197- 
 Grey, John de, license granted to, 
 
 144. 
 
 Grey, Reynold, Earl of Kent, 197. 
 
 Grey, William, 49. 
 
 Grey family, 7 — 13, 
 
 Grey of Wilton, Lord, 120. 
 
 Grey ; Reginald, Lord, 132. 
 
 See also De Grey. 
 Grice, Charles, 127. 
 Griffith, Henry, 140. 
 
 gives portrait of Q. Eliz., 141. 
 Grimston, Sir Harbotle, 203. 
 Grimwood, John Matthew, 138. 
 Gryce. See Grice.
 
 INDEX 
 
 271 
 
 Haddon, Walter, 127, 135. 
 
 Hale, Archdeacon, Domesday of 
 St. PauVs, quoted, 3. 
 
 Hale, Sir Bernard, 133. 
 
 Hales, 126. 
 
 Sir Charles, 60. 
 
 Sir Christopher, 48, 122. 
 
 James, Lord, 45. 
 
 Sir James, 49. 
 
 John, 45, 47, 58. 
 Hall, the, 11 1 — 143. 
 Hall, Edward, 50, 215. 
 
 gives account of masque (A.d. 
 1525), 223. 
 
 ordered to remove window in 
 Chapel (a.d. 1540), 146. 
 Hall, Joseph, Bp. of Exeter, 195. 
 Halsall, Edward, 44, 54. 
 
 Hampden, John, resident in Gray's 
 Inn Lane, xx. 
 
 Harbrowne, George, 47. 
 Hardingc, John, 67. 
 Hardrcs, Thomas, 74, 133. 
 Harlakenden, Thomas, 48, 128. 
 Harvey, William, clarenceux, 125. 
 Hastings, Henry, Earl of Hunting- 
 don, 124, 135, 198. 
 
 Hastings arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Hats, order against wearing of, in 
 Hall, 96. 
 
 Haward, John, grant of Gate Room 
 to, 144. 
 
 Hawthorne's English Note Books, 
 quoted, xv. 
 
 Hayley, William, lived in Barnard's 
 Inn, 259. 
 
 Hayton, Richard, 126, 135. 
 
 Hayward''s Case, 34. 
 
 Heald, George, 139. 
 
 Heatley. See Hetley. 
 
 Helmes, Heniy, Prince of Purpoole, 
 204, 227, 228, 230, 231, 234, 
 
 Henden, Sir Edward, 65, 122. 
 
 Heneage, Sir Thomas, 121. 
 
 Henley, Sir Walter, 49. 
 
 Henniker, Aldborough, 140. 
 
 Henrietta Maria, Queen, and 
 
 the Inns of Court masque, 241. 
 Henry the Fifth, 79. 
 Hentzner, Paul, quoted, xi. 
 Herbert, Heniy, Earl of Pembroke, 
 135- 
 William, 198. 
 
 Hercey, John, grant of Gate Room 
 to, 144. 
 
 Herlakenden, Thomas, 48, 128. 
 
 Hertford ; Edward (Seymour), Earl 
 of, 125, 198. 
 
 Hesketh, Richard, 47. 
 
 Sir Thomas, 60, 125, 135. 
 
 Hessey, Archdeacon James Augus- 
 tus, 159. 
 
 farewell sermon, 154. 
 
 list of preachers by, 154 — 161. 
 
 Hetley, Sir Thomas, 122. 
 
 Hewit, Sir William, 126, 203. 
 
 Heytesbury arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Hicham, Sir Robert, 63, 122. 
 
 Higgons, Richard, 66. 
 
 Hind, Sir John, 47, 118, 121. 
 
 Hindmarch, William Matthewson, 
 140. 
 
 Holbom [teynp. Eliz.), xii. 
 
 Holbom formed into a continuous 
 street, 106. 
 
 Holbom Court, 10 1, 102.
 
 272 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Holbom Gate, xviii. 
 
 building of, 102, 103. 
 
 Holker, Lord Justice, 136, 140. 
 
 Holroyd, Sir G. S., 137, I39- 
 
 Holt, Sir John, 131, 133, 20b, 214. 
 The Tatler on, 214. 
 portrait of, 258. 
 principal of Barnard's Inn, 258. 
 
 Holt, Thomas, 76, 133. 
 
 Holt, William, 65. 
 
 Holt Scholarship, 261. 
 
 Hooke, John, 133. 
 
 Horton, Dr. Thomas, 155. 
 
 Horwood, Alfred J., Catalogue of 
 MSS., 180, 181. 
 
 House. See Hussey. 
 
 Howard, Charles, Earl of Notting- 
 ham, 120, 132, 198. 
 
 Howard, Theophilus, Earl of Suf- 
 folk, 199. 
 
 Howard, Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, 
 196. 
 
 Howard, Tho. Visct. Bindon, 125, 
 
 134- 
 
 Howell, James, on Gray's Inn Gar- 
 dens, 186. 
 
 Huddleston, Sir J. W., 137, HO- 
 
 Hudleston, Andrew, 138. 
 
 Hudson, William, 68. 
 
 Hughes, Sir Thomas, 63, 71. 
 
 Hughes, Thomas, Misfortunes of 
 Arthur, 226. 
 
 Hullock, Sir John, 137. 
 portrait of, 141. 
 
 Hulme, George, Earl of Dunbar, 
 200. 
 
 Hulme, Henry. See Helmes. 
 
 Hungerford arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Hunsdon; Henry (Carey), Lord, 
 
 120. 
 Hunt, Thomas, 133. 
 Huntingdon ; Henry (Hastings), 
 
 Earl of, 124, 135, 198. 
 Hurle ; Richard (Lovelace), Lord, 
 
 55- 
 Husse, Lord, 193. 
 Hussey, Sir William, 46, 122, 131, 
 
 x68. 
 Hutchins, Sir George, 133. 
 Hutton, Sir Richard, 62, 121. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 176. 
 Hynde, Sir John, 47, 118, 121. 
 
 Incent, John, Dean of St. Paul's, 
 
 195- 
 Ingram, Sir Arthur, 205. 
 
 Inner Barristers, 31, 32, 78. 
 Inner Temple, revels at, 245. 
 Inner Temple Library, 174. 
 Inner Temple and Gray's Inn, 
 
 union between, 226. 
 Innes of Court AnagrafUfnatist by 
 
 Lenton, 241. 
 Inns of Chancery, The, 252, 253. 
 Inns of Court, The, Ben Jonson 
 on, xxi. 
 Law Review on, xxi. 
 daily life in the olden time, 28. 
 equality of, 28. 
 
 Shirley's Triumph of Peace 
 dedicated to, 28. 
 
 commission on the, 30. 
 
 only gentlemen of descent ad- 
 mitted, 78, 79. 
 
 ancient orders for the govern- 
 ment of, 88—97. 
 
 students of, and their religion, 
 162.
 
 INDEX 
 
 273 
 
 Inns of Court, number of members 
 
 in (A.D. 1574, 1585), 217, 
 
 218. 
 
 proposed joint masque of, 227. 
 
 masque of, before Charles I., 
 
 238. 
 
 Interrogatories as to the religion of 
 
 students, 162 — 165. 
 Introduction, xi — xxiii. 
 Ireland, Sir Thomas, 63. 
 Ives, Simon, composer of The 
 Triutnph of Peace, 239. 
 
 Jackson, John, 155. 
 James I., armorial bearings, 124. 
 entertains the masquers, 232. 
 alarmed by firing of guns at 
 Gray's Inn, 238. 
 James II., portrait of, 140. 
 James, Thomas, 139. 
 JefTerays, Sir John, 121. 
 Jcffeiyes, Sir John, 44, 54, 121. 
 Jeffrey (Sir), 147, 148. 
 Jenkins, David, 68, 212 — 214. 
 Jemier, Sir H., 136, 139. Sec also 
 
 Fust. 
 Johnson, Dr., resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii, 256. 
 lived in Staple Inn, 256. 
 Johnstone, Lockhart, 139. 
 Jolliffe, William Peter, 140. 
 Jones, Edmund, 75. 
 Jones, Inigo, and The Triunipli of 
 
 Peace, 239. 
 Jones, Thomas, 66. 
 Jones, Sir William, 76, 133. 
 D. 
 
 Jonson, Ben, on the Inns of Court, 
 xxi. 
 
 Jope, William, 139. 
 Juxon, William, Archbp. of Canter- 
 bury, 123, 168, 194. 
 
 Keble, Richard, 71, 
 Kempe, Richard, 41, 57, 127. 
 Kent ; Henry (Grey), Earl of, 120, 
 
 132, 197- 
 Kent; Reynold (Grey), Earl of, 
 
 197. 
 Kildare; Henry (Fitzgerard), Earl 
 
 of, 200. 
 
 King, John, 139. 
 
 King, Walker, Bp. of Rochester, 
 158, 169. 
 
 Kings of arms, list of, 205, 206, 
 
 King's Gate, 106. 
 
 Kingsgate Street, 106. 
 
 King's Road, xiii, 104, 109. 
 
 Kinwelmersh, Francis, 225. 
 
 Kirle, Thomas, 40, 56. 
 
 Kitchin, John, 40, 55, 126. 
 
 Kni gilts, list of, 203, 205. 
 
 Knill, John, 138. 
 
 Kniveton, St. Loe, 20. 
 
 death of, 26. 
 
 Kydd, Samuel, copy of The Maske 
 
 of Flowers presented by, 233. 
 
 Ladd, Robert, 71. 
 Lamb, Charles, on Gray's Inn Gar- 
 dens, 187. 
 Lambe, William, 138. 
 Lambert, General, 218. 
 
 T
 
 274 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Lancaster, John, 59. 
 
 Lane, William, 75. 
 
 Laney, John, 59, 128. 
 
 Langhorne, Rev. J., resident in 
 Gray's Inn Lane, xxi. 
 
 Lanthoni, Baron, 124. 
 
 Laud, William, Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, 194. 
 
 Laundresses , age of, 97. 
 
 Law Magazine on Moots, 85. 
 
 Law Review on the Inns of Court, 
 xxi. 
 
 Laws, W., composer of The Tri- 
 umph of Peace, 239. 
 
 Lee, Dr. Alfred Theophilus, 160. 
 
 Lee, Sir George, portrait of, 141. 
 
 Lee Prize, 260. 
 
 Leek, Thomas, 133. 
 
 Lehunt, William, 75. 
 
 Leicester; Robert (Sidney), Earl of, 
 120, 132. 
 
 Lennox ; Charles (Steward), Duke 
 of, 196. 
 
 Lennox ; James (Steward), Duke of, 
 196. 
 
 Lodovic (Steward), Duke of, 
 125, 
 
 Lenton, Francis, Innes of Court 
 anagrammatist, 241. 
 
 Leving, Sir Creswell, 133. 
 
 Library, 171 — 182. 
 
 Library Association, meeting at 
 
 Gray's Inn, 206. 
 Library Keeper, 177, 178. 
 
 salary of (A.D. 1645), 177. 
 Library, Master of the, 179. 
 Lewes, Michaell, 57, 128. 
 Lincoln, Bp. of (Attwater), 193, 195. 
 Lincoln, John, Bp. of, 122. 
 
 Lincoln ; Theophilus (Clinton), Earl 
 of, 198. 
 
 Lincoln's Inn, revels at, 241. 
 
 Lincoln's Inn Library, 173. 
 
 Lindsay; Robert (Bertie), Earl of, 
 200. 
 
 Lisle; Edward Grey, Viscount, 168. 
 
 Littledale, Sir Joseph, 136. 
 
 Locke, Thomas, 67. 
 
 London, Lord Mayors of, 203, 204. 
 
 Long, George, 139. 
 
 Lovelace, Lancelot, 64. 
 
 Lovelace, Richard, Lord Hurle, 55. 
 
 Lovelace, William, 55, 121. 
 
 Lovell, Sir Salathiel, 133. 
 
 Low, Nicholas, 66. 
 
 Ludlow, Ebenezer, 130. 
 
 Lush, Lord Justice, 136, 140. 
 
 Luttrell, Francis, 74. 
 
 Luttrell, Narcissus, Diary of, 
 quoted, 107. 
 
 on the revels, 243. 
 
 Lutwyche, Sir Edward, 133. 
 
 Lyell, Sir Charles, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Macaulay, Lord, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Macqueen, J. F., Lecture on early 
 
 history of the Inns of Court, 
 
 quoted, 35, 81. 
 Malcolm's Londiniiim Kedivivum 
 
 quoted, 14. 
 Manisty, Sir Henry, 136, 140. 
 Manners, John, Earl of Rutland, 
 
 197. 
 Manners, Roger, Earl of Rutland, 
 
 197. 
 Mansfield, Wilham, 159.
 
 INDEX 
 
 275 
 
 Manston (of Kent), 125. 
 Manuscripts in Library, 180 — 182. 
 Mar; John (Erskine), Earl of, 200. 
 March; Esme (Steward), Earl of, 
 
 168, 199. 
 Markham, John, 20, 45, 122, 132. 
 Marriages in the Chapel, 169. 
 Marshall, Thomas Horncastle, 139. 
 Marten (Martin, Martine, Martyn), 
 
 John, 45, 118, 123. 
 Martine, William, 47. 
 Maske of Flowers, The, 232, 233. 
 Mason, Thomas, 133. 
 
 Masque at Gray's Inn, ticket of ad- 
 mission to (A.D. 1682-3), 242. 
 
 Masques and Revels, 222 — 246. 
 
 Matthews, Sir Philip, rent paid by 
 Gray's Inn to, 18. 
 
 Maude, Francis, 139. 
 May, Thomas, 218. 
 Mayne, James, 65. 
 Meeres, Lawrence, 40, 53. 
 Middle Court, loi. 
 Middle Temple, revels at, 242. 
 Middle Temple Library, 174. 
 Mildmay, Sir Walter, 122. 
 
 Milman's Annals of St. PauVs, 
 quoted, 161. 
 
 Moels arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Molincux, I., 127, 134. 
 
 Molineux, W., 127, 132. 
 
 MoUineux, Sir Edmund, 49. 
 
 Monck, George, Duke of Albe- 
 marle, 123, 132, 196. 
 
 Montacute arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Montegle, Lord, 193. 
 
 Moore, Roger, 131. 
 
 Moots, Mooting, 31, 32, 80—87. 
 
 More, John, 69. 
 
 Morley, Geo., Bp. of Winchester, 
 
 123, 169, 195. 
 Morning Post, The, on the Rooks 
 
 in the Gardens, 190. 
 Morton, Thos., Bp. of Coventry 
 
 and Lichfield, 195. 
 Mosley, Sir Edward, 65, 126, 131. 
 
 a donor to the Library, 176. 
 Moss, Dean Robert, 158. 
 Mountjoy; James (Blount), Lord, 
 
 201. 
 Moyle, Sir Thomas, 49, 130. 
 Moyle, Thomas, committed to the 
 
 Fleet by Wolsey, 223. 
 Moyle, Walter, 45. 
 
 Murphy, Arthur, resident in Gray's 
 
 Inn, xvii. 
 Myssenden, Anthony, 50. 
 
 Napier, Joseph, 136. 
 Nedeham, John, 122. 
 
 Nethersale, John, bequest of, to 
 
 Lincoln's Inn Library, 173. 
 Nevill arms, quartered, 135. 
 Nevill, Sir Edward, 133. 
 
 Nevill, Henry, Lord Bcrgavenny, 
 
 120, 132. 
 Nevill, Earl of Westmerland, 199. 
 
 Nevill, Sir Thomas, letter of, as to 
 
 his bedfellow, 99. 
 Newdegate, Richard, 73, 123, 133. 
 Nightingale, Jeffrey, 60, 126, 131. 
 Nightingale arms, quartered, 126. 
 Noblemen, list of, 196 — 202. 
 Noel, Robert, 54, 126. 
 Noone, Francis, 51, 125, 131. 
 
 T 2
 
 276 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Norbury arms, quartered, 119. 
 
 Norfolk, Duke of, 193. 
 
 Thomas (Howard), Duke of, 196. 
 
 Norris ; Francis, Lord, 202. 
 
 Norroy, King of arms, 206. 
 
 North Court, loi. 
 
 North; Dudley, Lord, 201. 
 
 North; Roger, Lord, 201. 
 
 North, Lord, 121. 
 
 Northampton; William (Compton), 
 Earl of, 199. 
 
 Northampton, Marquis of, 193. 
 
 Northumberland ; Hugh, Duke of, 
 
 ISO- 
 Northumberland ; John (Dudley), 
 
 Duke of, 196. 
 
 Northumberland, Duke of, 193. 
 
 Northumberland ; Henry (Percy), 
 Earl of, 125, 193, 197. 
 
 Norton, Thomas, 140. 
 
 Dr. William, 158. 
 
 Nottingham ; Charles (Howard), 
 Earl of, 120, 132, 198. 
 
 Thomas (Howard), Earl of, 
 120, 132. 
 
 Nowell, Robert, 54, 126. 
 
 Nugent, Christopher, Lord Delvyn, 
 202. 
 
 Ogilvy> Jol^ii) resident in Gray's Inn 
 Lane, xx. 
 
 Ogle, Sir John, 127. 
 
 O'Hagan, Lord, 216. 
 
 Old Buildings, 99 — no. 
 
 Ormond ; James Butler, Duke of, 
 124, 135, 196. 
 
 Ormond ; James Butler, Earl of, 
 196. 
 
 Ormond ; Thomas Butler, Earl of, 
 124, 135, 196. 
 
 Osbaldston, Sir Richard, 68. 
 
 Osborne, Thomas, xviii. 
 
 Ossulstone Hundred, 3. 
 
 Ottway, Sir John, 75. 
 
 Overshall, John, Dean of St. Paul's, 
 London, 195. 
 
 Oxonbrigge, Thomas, 46. 
 
 Padgitt. See Paget. 
 
 Page, Edward, actor in The 
 
 Triumph of Peace, 241. 
 
 Paget ; James (Wm.), Lord, 193, 
 201. 
 
 Parker, Hannah, 72. 
 
 Parker, John, 72. 
 
 Parker, Thomas, 139, 140. 
 
 Parry, Sir Charles, 204. 
 
 Parry, Thomas, 204. 
 
 Parton's St. Giles in the Fields, 
 quoted, 4, 14, 106, 144. 
 
 Paulet, Lord Giles, 193, 201. 
 
 Paulet, Wm., Marquis of Win- 
 chester, 201. 
 
 Pawlett. See Paulet. 
 
 Payne, John, 137. 
 
 Payne, William, 137. 
 
 Payton, Richard, 56. 
 
 Pearce's Inns of Court, quoted, 28. 
 
 Pelham, Sir Edward, 59, 121. 
 
 Pembroke ; Henry (Herbert), Earl 
 of, 124, 135. 
 
 Pembroke; William (Herbert), Earl 
 of, 198. 
 
 Penruddock, John, 58, 125. 
 Pension, Pensioji money, Pensioner, 
 
 31, 32. 
 Pepper, Sir Cuthbert, 60, 126.-
 
 INDEX 
 
 277 
 
 Pepys' Diary, quoted, xiv, 43, 89, 
 105, 106. 
 on Gray's Inn Gardens, 186. 
 Percy. See Northumberland, 
 Perient, Thomas, 204. 
 Perrey, John, 139. 
 Petitt, John, 47, 118. 
 Petitt, William, bequest of, to Inner 
 Temple Library, 174. 
 
 Phesant, Peter. See Feasant. 
 
 Pickeringe, Robert, 76. 
 
 Pierpoint. See Dorchester. 
 
 Piatt, John, 70. 
 
 Pole arms, quartered, 135. 
 
 Pooley, Edmund, 58, 128. 
 
 Porter, "William, 128. 
 
 Portpool Highway, tolls levied for 
 
 repair of (a.d. 1347), 6. 
 Portpool Manor, 3 — 6. 
 Portraits in Hall, 140, 141. 
 
 Portraits in Barnard's Inn Hall, 
 258. 
 
 Potter, Dr. Hannibal, 155. 
 
 Potts, Nicholas, 60. 
 
 Powell, Sir John, 133. 
 
 Powell, Thomas, 133. 
 
 Powtrell, Nicholas, 52, 122. 
 
 Preachers, list of, 154 — 161. 
 
 Priests, wages of, 147. 
 
 Prizes and scholarships, 260 — 262. 
 
 Proclamation of Queen Elizabeth 
 
 concerning apparel, 91 — 9b. 
 
 concerning her portraits, 142. 
 
 Procter, Richard, 70. 
 
 Prynne's Histrio-Mastix, 238. 
 
 Pulpit ordered for Chapel (a.d. 
 
 Purefoy, Humfrey, 41, 57, 126, 135. 
 
 Purpoole, Prince of, leader of the 
 revels, 204, 227, 228, 234. 
 dines with Lord Mayor, 230. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth presents prize 
 to, 231. 
 
 Purvis, Thomas, 139. 
 
 Pym, John, resident in Gray's Inn 
 Lane, xx. 
 
 Radcliffe, Charles, Earl of Sussex, 
 
 197. 
 Radcliffe, Thomas, 120, 132. 
 Raine, Dr. Matthew, 159. 
 Raleigh, Sir Walter, with Bacon in 
 
 Gray's Inn Walks, 185. 
 
 Ramsey, John, 53. 
 
 Randolph, John Honywood, 159. 
 
 Rastall, William, library of (a.d. 
 1562), 172, 173. 
 
 Rawlinson, Tbo., resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Rawlinson, Sir William, 133. 
 
 Raworth, Robert, 75. 
 
 additions to the Library, 177, 
 178. 
 Raymond; Robert, Lord, 131, 133. 
 
 portrait of, 140. 
 
 Raymond, Sir Thomas, 133. 
 
 Readc, John, actor in Tlie Triumph 
 of Peace, 241. 
 
 Reader of Barnard's Inn, 258, 259. 
 
 Readers, 31, 32. 
 
 calls to the bar by, 35. 
 
 position of, 36. 
 
 expense of the office, 39. 
 
 list of (A.D. 1577), 40, 41-
 
 278 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Readers, "a succession of," in 
 Harleian AIS., 45—76. 
 
 admission of sons of, 78. 
 
 Readers in divinity to be unmar- 
 ried, 161. 
 
 Readings, orders for regulating the, 
 37—39- 
 interrupted and revived, 43. 
 decline of, 77. 
 Religion, Benchers to prefer none 
 who refuse conformity to, 165. 
 
 Religion, Students interrogated as 
 to their, 162 — 165. 
 
 Reve, Sir Edmund, 70, 123. 
 
 Revels, 241—246. See Masques, 
 p. 222. 
 
 Rich, Charles, Earl of Warwick, 
 200. 
 
 Rich; Robert, Lord, 119, 121, 131, 
 200. 
 
 Richardson, Dr. Thomas, 157. 
 
 Richardson, Sir WiUiam, 133. 
 
 Rigby, Edward, 76. 
 
 Ritson, Joseph, resident in Gray's 
 Inn, xvii. 
 
 Rochester; John (Dolben), Bp. of, 
 
 195- 
 Rodes, Francis, 40, 55, 121. 
 Rolt, Edward, 64. 
 
 Romilly; John, Lord, 136, 137, 
 139, 140. 
 
 Romilly, Sir Samuel, 104, 130, 138, 
 206, 215. 
 
 letter of (a.d. 1780), xv. 
 Roo, John, committed to the Fleet 
 
 by Wolsey, 223. 
 Roodes, Francis. See Rodes. 
 Rooks in the Gardens, 188 — 191. 
 Rotherham, Nicholas, 133. 
 Round about our Coal Fire, 245. 
 
 Rugge, William, 127. 
 
 Rumsey, Walter, 70. 
 
 Russell, Francis, Earl of Bedford, 
 120, 124, 135, 198. 
 
 Russell, His Honour Judge, 140. 
 Master of the Library, 179. 
 address of, to Library Associa- 
 tion, 206. 
 
 Rutland ; John (Manners) , Earl of, 
 
 197. 
 Rutland; Roger (Manners), Earl of, 
 
 197. 
 Ryland. Archer, 139. 
 Rymer, Thomas, 218. 
 
 Sackvill, Richard, 49. 
 
 Sadler, Sir Ralph, 122. 
 
 Sage company, 32. 
 
 St. Alban, Viscount. See Bacon, 
 
 Francis. 
 St. Bartholomew, Prior of, 195. 
 
 St. Bartholomew's Convent, pay- 
 ment made by, in lieu of Chaplain, 
 150. 
 
 St. George, Sir Richard, 206. 
 
 St. John, Oliver, Lord St. John of 
 Bletsoe, 120, 202. 
 
 St. Leger, Sir Anthony, 59, 122. 
 
 St. Paul's, London: 
 
 prebend of Portpool, 3, 4. 
 
 Dean and Chapter before the 
 justices (a.d. 1 293) as to Port- 
 pool, 4. 
 
 custom for Readers to go to, 43. 
 
 Deans of, admitted to Gray's 
 Inn, 195. 
 
 Vergers of, to be unmarried, i6r, 
 
 Salisbury ; Robert (Cecill) , Earl of, 
 120, 134, 199, 200.
 
 INDEX 
 
 279 
 
 Salisbury ; William (Cecill), Earl of, 
 
 199. 
 Scholarships, 260—262. 
 Screen in the Hall, 112. 
 Scroggs, Sir William, 133. 
 Scrope, Lord, 193. 
 Seckford, Sir Thomas, 53, 127, 128. 
 Segar, Simon, account of, 23. 
 
 his MS. described, 25. 
 
 will of, 25. 
 
 succession of Readers by, 43. 
 
 appointed Library-keeper, 178. 
 
 Segar, Sir William, 72, 205. 
 
 Segar family, 72. 
 
 Seintlo, Sir William, 125, 135. 
 
 Selby, Henry Collingwood, 138. 
 
 Serjeants-at-law, custom of enter- 
 taining, 21. 
 
 Seymour, Edward, Earl of Hert- 
 ford, 125, 198. 
 
 Scym.our ; John, Lord, 198. 
 
 Shafto, Sir Robert, 76, 131. 
 
 Shake rley, Francis, 127. 
 
 Shakespeare's Comedy of Errors, 
 earliest notice of, 229. 
 
 Shandos. See Chandos. 
 
 Shaw, William, 140. 
 
 ShcfFeild, Robert, 62. 
 
 Sheffield, Lord, 193. 
 
 Sheldon, Gilbert, Archbp. of Canter- 
 bury, 123, 169, 194. 
 
 Sheldon, WilUam, 139. 
 
 Shene Priory, Portpool Manor 
 alienated to, 14. 
 
 received a rent from Gray's Inn, 
 
 16. 
 property of, passed to the 
 
 Crown, 17. 
 
 Shepherd, Dr. George, 159. 
 Sherbrooke, Lord, on Moots, 85. 
 Sherland, Christopher, 68. 
 Sherrington, Gilbert, 57, 128. 
 Shirbume, Robert, 55, 128. 
 Shirley, James, 772^? Triumph of 
 
 Peace dedicated to the Inns of 
 
 Court, 28. 
 
 Shute, Robert, 56, 67, 121. 
 
 Shuttlewaite (or Shuttleworth), Sir 
 Richard, 41, 58, 122, 
 
 Sibbes, Dr. Richard, 155. 
 
 Sibile, John, 127. 
 
 Sicklemore, John, 75. 
 
 Sidney, Sir Henry, 124, 199. 
 
 Sidney, Philip, 199, 218. 
 
 Sidney, Robert, Earl of Leicester, 
 120, 132, 199. 
 
 Skipwith, Sir Thomas, 75. 
 
 Skip with, William, 45. 
 
 Smith, Sir John, 133. 
 
 Smith, Joseph, 139. 
 
 Smyth's Lives of the Berkeleys, 
 quoted, xiii. 
 
 Snagge, Thomas, 41, 57, 122. 
 
 Sockett, Henry, 139. 
 
 Somerset, Earl of, masque at the 
 marriage of, 232. 
 
 Soone, Francis, 53. 
 
 Sothcrton, John, 121. 
 
 Sotherton, Nowell, 121. 
 
 South Court, lor. 
 
 South Square, loi. 
 
 Southampton, Earl of, 193, 198. 
 
 Southampton House, 107. 
 
 Southey, resident in Gray's Inn, xvii. 
 
 Southgate, Thomas, 140. 
 
 Southwell, John, 50, 125, 131.
 
 2 So 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Southworth, Thomas, 65. 
 Spedding's Letters a?id Life of 
 
 Bacon, quoted, 227, 228. 
 Spelman, Clement, 73, 123. 
 Spelman, Sir John, 47, 122. 
 Spencer arms, quartered, 135. 
 Spenser, Sir John, 125, 134. 
 Spranger, JeiTeries, 139. 
 Spurling, John, 58, 121. 
 Spurs, order against wearing in 
 
 Hall, 96. 
 Stamford. See Staunford. 
 Stanhope; Charles, Lord, 202. 
 Stanhope, Edward, license to build 
 
 house in Gray's Inn Lane (a.d. 
 
 1582), xix. 
 Stanley, Edward, Earl of Derby, 
 
 120, 132. 
 Stanley, Henry, Earl of Derby, 197. 
 Stanley, James, Lord Strange, 197. 
 Stanley, Thomas, 52. 
 Stanley, Thomas, Earl of Derby, 197. 
 Staple Inn, 254—256. 
 Starkey, Humfrey, 46. 
 Staunford, Sir William, 51, 119, 
 
 122, 128, 211. 
 Stebbing, Dr. Henry, 158. 
 Stebbing, Archdeacon Henry, 158. 
 Stebbing, Henry, 138. 
 Stephens, Archibald John, 140. 
 Sterhnge, George, 133. 
 Sterlinge, Sir Samuel, 131. 
 Steward, Charles, Earl of Lennox, 
 
 196. 
 Steward, Esme, Earl of March, 199. 
 Steward,James,DukeofLennox,i96. 
 Stokoe, Dr. Thomas Henry, 160. 
 
 Stow, quoted, loi — 105. 
 Strange, Lord, 193, 197. 
 Strange ; Henry, Lord, 197. 
 Strange; James, Lord, 197. 
 Stringer, George, 54. 
 Stringer, Sir Thomas, 133. 
 Students not allowed out after 
 6 p.m. (xvi. cetit.) 88. 
 examined as to their religion 
 (a.d. 1569), 162 — 165. 
 Suckling, Sir John, 122. 
 Suffollc ; Theophilus (Howard), Earl 
 
 of, 199. 
 Surveyors appointed to search 
 
 chambers, 100, loi. 
 Sussex ; Charles RadclifFe, Earl of, 
 
 120, 197. 
 Sussex ; Thomas Ratcliffe, Earl of, 
 
 132- 
 Swynfeild, WiUiam, appointed Li- 
 brary-keeper, 177. 
 
 Talbot, Lord Chancellor, the last 
 revel to celebrate his elevation, 
 244. 
 
 Talfourd, Serjt., on Ancients, 34. 
 
 Tatham, John Lawrence, 140. 
 
 Tatler, The, on Sir John Holt, 214. 
 
 Teed, John Godfrey, 139. 
 
 Tennant, Henry, 139. 
 
 Theobald . . . Prebendaiy of Port- 
 pool and Archdeacon of Essex 
 [cir. A.D. I2i8j, 4. 
 
 Theobald's Road, xiii, 105, lio.
 
 INDEX 
 
 281 
 
 Thesiger. See Chelmsford. 
 
 Thomes, Richard, 71. 
 
 Thorold, Sir Anthony, 53, 126, 135. 
 
 Thorpe, Francis, 72. 
 
 Thurles, Viscount, 124. 
 
 Tildesley, Sir Thomas, 45, 63, 122, 
 
 127, 135- 
 Times, The, on the admission of 
 
 Lords O'Hagan and Fitzgerald, 
 
 216. 
 Tomes, Henry, xviii. 
 Tonson, Jacob, xviii. 
 Topham, Henry, 64. 
 Topham, John, 138. 
 Toumoux, Timothy, 70, 133. 
 Townley, John, 66. 
 Townley, Nicholas, 50. 
 Tracy arms, 133. 
 Treasurers, succession of (1832- 
 
 1884), 139, 140. 
 Trees, account of (a.d. 1583), 185, 
 
 186. 
 Trevelyan's Life, ^'c. of Lord Ma- 
 
 caulay, quoted, xviii. 
 
 Triumph of Peace, The, 238—241. 
 
 Trotte, Nicholas, 227. 
 
 Tudor, Sir Owen, 127, 203. 
 
 Turner, Samuel, 130, 139. 
 
 gift of windows to Chapel, 169. 
 
 Turner, Timothy, 70, 133. 
 
 Turton, Sir John, 133. 
 portrait of, 140. 
 
 Tyngleden, Heiuy, 47. 
 D. 
 
 Uffenbach, Z. C. von, on cock- 
 fighting, xviii {note). 
 Usher, James, Bp. of Armagh, 195. 
 Utter Barristers, 31, 78, 79, 83. 
 
 Vavasour, 128. 
 
 Vere, Edward, Earl of Oxford, 197. 
 
 Verulam ; Francis (Bacon), Baron, 
 120. 
 
 Vincent, John, 75. 
 
 Vincent's Visitation of North- 
 amptonshire, quoted, 19. 
 
 Wade, Thomas, 59. 
 
 "Wailes, George, 139. 
 
 Wake, Archbp. William, 157, 169. 
 
 Walker, Sir Edward, 125, 206. 
 
 Walker, Thomas, testimonial as to 
 
 his religion, 165. 
 Waller, Thomas, 74, 123, 133. 
 Walpole, John, 52, 122. 
 Walsinghani, Sir Francis, 49 
 Walsiugham, WiUiam, 49. 
 Walton, Thomas, for Watton, 127. 
 Walton's Polyglot Bible presented 
 
 by John Claypoole, 218. 
 Wanlcy, Ilumfrey, Segar's IMS. 
 described by, 25. 
 extracts from his diary, 25, 26. 
 Ward, Henry, 52, 128. 
 Ward, William, 71. 
 
 U
 
 282 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Warwick Court, 105. 
 
 Warwick House, 105. 
 
 Waterhouse's Coni7nentary up07i 
 Fortescue, quoted, 30. 
 
 Watton, Thomas, 127, 135. 
 Wear, John, 139. 
 Wegg, George Samuel, 138. 
 Wentworth, Lord, 121, 132, 193. 
 Westmerland, Earl of, 193, 199. 
 Westminster, Abbot of, 195. 
 Weston, Richard, 133. 
 Wharton ; George, Lord, 201, 
 Wliarton ; Philip, Lord, 201. 
 
 Wheelhouse, Sir William St. Jarnes, 
 
 140. 
 Whishaw, John, 139. 
 Wliishaw, James, 140. 
 Whiskms, William, 40, 56. 
 Whistler, John, 69. 
 White, Edward, 48. 
 
 Whitelock's description of the Pro- 
 cession of Masquers, 239, 240. 
 Whitfield, Sir Ralph, 70, 123. 
 
 Whitgift, John, Archbp. of Canter- 
 bury, 194. 
 
 Whitmarsh, Francis, 139. 
 
 Whittenhall, George, 48. 
 
 Widdrington, Sir Thomas, 71, 123, 
 132. 
 
 Wigg, Smith Spencer, 140. 
 
 Wilbraham, Sir Roger, 61, 122. 
 
 Wilde, William, 140. 
 
 Wilkins, Bp. John, 156. 
 
 Williams, John, Bp. ol Lincoln, 
 
 195- 
 Williams, T. E., curious error in his 
 
 edit, of Hentzner, xi. 
 Williams, Sir William, 133. 
 Williamson, John, 139. 
 Willimott, Nicholas, 74, 133. 
 Wilson, Thomas, 119. 
 Wilton (Grey of). See Grey and 
 
 De Grey. 
 Windows in Chapel, 168, 169. 
 Windows in Hall, 114 — 139. 
 Wingfield, Dorothy, 219. 
 Wingfield, Sir Humfrey, 47, 127, 
 
 131- 
 
 Wingfield, Sir Richard, 120, 127. 
 
 Wingfield, Robert, 126, 135, 219. 
 
 Wolley, Sir John, 122, 203. 
 
 WoUey, Robert, 203. 
 
 Wolrich, Robert, 70. 
 
 Wolsey, Cardinal, displeased by a 
 play at Gray's Inn, 223. 
 
 Women excluded from the Chapel, 
 168. 
 
 Woodhall, 205. 
 
 Woulfe, Peter, lived in Barnard's 
 Inn, 260. 
 
 Wrangham, Digby Cayley, 130. 
 
 Wrightington, Sir Edward, 68. 
 
 Wriothesley, Henry, Earl of South- 
 ampton, 198. 
 
 Wriothesley, Thomas, Earl of 
 Southampton, 198. 
 Sh Thomas, 205. 
 
 Wroth, Robert, 48. 
 
 i
 
 INDEX 
 
 283 
 
 Yaxley, John, 46. 
 Yelverton, Sir Christopher, 41, 56, 
 121. 
 farewell address of, 21 — 23. 
 portrait of, 140. 
 
 wrote epilogue to Gascoigne's 
 Jocasta, 227. 
 Yelverton, Sir Henry, 63, 122, 204. 
 
 Yelverton, Sir Henry, allowed to 
 
 wear hat in Hall, 96. 
 Yelverton, Sir Wilham, 50, 122. 
 York, Archbp. of, 193. 
 Yorke, Roger, 48. 
 
 Zouch, Lord, 122, 125.
 
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