rSf^-.)^/'-:^--^--^' la RECORD BOOK OF €l|p Irin&r IRREGULAR HORSE (printed kou private and confidential regimental use only.) VOL. I From 8th August, 1839, to 1st Octobek, 1851. LONDON: PRINTED BY NISSEN & PARKER. 43, MARK LANE. 1853. ■X 8 4 23 ■! r c « • • •«' RECORDS 352400 r # Extract Horse ) has but 5 Gnrloyed on all "^.ost PT-'l^nt in fail-^d of succes "Irrofalar" Hora officers nre, as siclored as the rr a sists pr t-"': -"'■ Burononn office i tl' ccl, and p.cti ozistonco,%he c; 1 is not a iiinrlej •atcrial is oxac ser.blinr: the foi It of the jcinde I- fosts are all c< rO'iuirod to en'-: tins hotter thaj < fuil five -'c-ars boT'^ro mo cxr.'l r- co'^nitted by th five years nr.'^ 3r, resident le Govcrn- la auxiliary ;leus of the nanding. rs from tlie letter from )9, and its Total. 000 500 170 250 750 750 000 150 500 lie Belooch November, 1839. by Majoi' iclices and • Grenadier nt, consist- red with all to Poolijee lant Clarke affairs with han J a nee, I'CC entered December, 1839. operations ly engaged ire defeatetl Inaort 3 3 Extracts from J . -I y -J Oil t;io II - '1' 17^ 2: _■: :.i Y oi I :i J I A bv Brinndier Q«neral J H H JACOB O.B. reprinted iondon 1857 (3294/e or ^799/,,) One of the host rormod nativo corra in the InUan nmy (The ocinds Iirepiiar Horse) has but 5 jinrorean officer;; to 1600 men. This en u vtia raised in 1839; has been on-lo;'od on all -cmnor of .ar.bious duties ; Iws alwij'S been rriost orderlj' In ouarters and most riallant in the field; has b on ontplored on rrany cUffifnlt *iiterrrises and has never failed of success; there has novor boon a conrt-nartial in the rof^incnt; thonf* called "Irre.Tular" Horse, the ^^"^^'^ Sir, I Can not dej-art from Scinde without -er^ty -, ^ J A 1.-, ry- 9th regiment Bengal Light Cavalry. Captain A. Tucker ) Lieutenant-Colonel J. L. Pennefather Major J. H. Poole Captain T. S. Conway ^ Her Majesty's 22nd regiment. Lieutenant W. M. G". McMurdo . . \ Lieutenant F. P. Harchng ' Major MacPherson, Aide-de-Camp. Major A. T. Reid, commanding the 12th regiment Bombay Native Infantry. Lieutenant R. Fitzgerald do. do. aud Adjutant Scinde Irregular Horse. Major W. WyUie, of the 21st regiment Bombay Native Infantry, Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beeloochistan. Lieutenant R. PhajTC, 25th regiment Bombay Native Infantry. Cajitain J. Jackson do. do. Lieutenant H. J. Pelly, Aide-de-Camp, and 8th regiment Bombay Native Infantry. Captain J. Jacob, Bombay Artillerv', connnanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Major C. WadcUugton, Bombay Engineers. Major J. Lloyd \ Captain W. t. WTiitlie > Bombay Artillery. Captain G. Hutt . . . . ) Captain Henderson, Madras Engineers. Lieutenant BoUeau, Madras Sappers and Mmers. Lieutenant Outlaw do. do. Lieutenant Brennan. Captain Tait, Poona Irregular Horse. 9. — The Hon. the Governor in Council directs, that a royal salute be fired this day from the garrison of Bombay in honor of this victory, and that a similar salute be fired at all the princijial military stations uiuler this Presidency on the receipt of this order. 10. — Aimexed arc returns of the killed and woimded, and of the ordnance captured from (he enemy during this action, as fiimished to this Goveniment by Major-General Sir Charles Napier. By order of I he Hon. the Governor in Council, J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. SCTNDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 15 -— -— -a -= -^ t -^ u. -r -3 "3 -= -Z G -r S "3 a -3 = 0* 3 4* 3 — o r= o Ji 3 .i: = So —! c S !-■ ^ ^ S_^ — U! ^ ^ ^ ^3- J&s <« 60 £Q 11 a : : : : i-. : ^ : : ^"^ N -^ £ : : . : a . - J- « 0" 9th Regiment Bengal Light C and I3t. -Captain and Adjutant Coo Tucker s ... J.; •g ■ : 1 :s : • "^ 5a ' * ! ! oo| g> ■ • • "a "a a^ : ; . . "'?, .5 "8 : c : : ^ :1 : : 02 CO £ ■S • c • • ^c3 Sfal ffl *i ^ a. -^ rj ^ . § . <- : : -s . » : : J^ :| : ^ . ^ 1 13« .=.■3 nant n A. nant nant J. I n W nant- n Co nant li 1-^ S C = HH S = a =: c 3 „ t-i = a fid 3 •« ii S a S S i^ l-g g'2 •i'o g •a' 2 So ^^ZJ^^'r^ O^U^W w 0_;h^W Si-!^ •papunojv^sasiojj . — t^T H^*-^ S y ^ "^^ B3 ^ r^ r^ ^ w Ui 3"" a "^3 P ■-! 1 rt- TO 00 " crq 53 5 era c W i 5 (g S > e-i VI w ►x) ^ W l-i > OS CO to Ji to 2 " P ? p , p c S D n g w re o oj hd <° 2. o ?• 5 g re" » re o 2 S to >U >!. o> w *>. 00 ■— ' ~- to to >— ■ Lieutenant-Colonels. Majoi-s Captains. Lieutenants. Ensia Nat. Commissioned Officers. Serjeants and Iia^^ldars. Corporals and Naiks. Drummers. Privates. Dooly Bearers. Lieutenant-Colonels . Majors. Captains. Lieutenants. Ensigns. Nat. Commissioned Officers. Serjeants and liavaldars. Corporals and Naiks. Drimimers. Privates. Dooly Bearers. s Horses Killed. Horses Wounded. ?§ tr' ir^ ^ p.. t.. h^ 2 2^. p ^_ f-i 2 ^ P P o o E3 CD a tri 2 P- o S £- Cc p t_> re SB o o (!) C3 cS 13 c t m .9 P p ^^ aw cw > f so 53 ■ p So Wl-'t-'O S re'l'-S "I'l 2 c- wl I p 2- ^ "■ 5 S^ ^ » '^ o ^ 5 re'^ to'hS 3 C i5 ^ cs IJ* Ti 5 o 2 • ^ re '-►a to S- S^ ■ S re ** &2 2 o • S re' re',S re' "1' §■ I S. I ^ B n s s 5_^ 5a p p • B B t> a l-H ^ ^ • '^ ^ • ^ re r^ . _ S'PW?rO g; to' lO to b' CO «s t I o W t« B re SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 21 A Roll of Standards taken in action by the Regiments, as specified below. Camp, Uyderabad, 19th February, 1843. Numbers Regiments. of Standards Color. By whom taken. Remarks. 'Subadar Shaik Emam Bus, Dark blue silk spang- 3rd troop, Trooyjcr Bhui- 9th regiment Bengal Lt. Cav. 1 led with white, of - maJeen, 3rd do., Trooper red silk and Rougli-Rider Goolam Russool, 4th do. /This is a / sacred 3rd CO. 3rd bn. Golz. Horse .\lso a pair of state I Standard, and .Mule Battery 1 drums. 1 with a C. CO. Ma. Sappers and Miners 1 Standard Captain Henderson i hand in- 1st Grenadier regiment N. 1. 1 Cloth torn away. J stead of a 25th regiment N.I 1^ Standards do ; jrenadier company. Ird company. f spear 1 blade at 22nd H. M. regiment 1 1 Standard, pierced with 20 bullets. fNusseer Khan's own Stan- \ the top. The dard, with his name written Scinde Irregular Horse .... 1 Dark green ■ on it. On the top a silver 1 principal 1 Standard. hand, open, with signet ring i^on one finger. J I (Signed) H Examined. J. PELLY, Lieutenant, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. Major-General. RETURN of Ordnance taken from the enemy in the action near Hyderabad on the 1 7th February, and on the arrival of the Force at Hyderabad on the 20th Februarj', 1843. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Nature of Ordnance. Iron . Brass . Iron . Iron Iron Iron Iron Brass . Brass , Brass , Iron , Brass Iron Brass Brass Brass Brass Iron Brass Iron Iron Brass mortar . Iron Iron Brass Brass o 1 <<-< tK 1 ^ ll 1 1 r o :2 i o JS o S.2 4> "n in S tc.2 Si 3 a, S ■2 a m W 03 « o O QJ ■4-> -s i ^ »-H JH il t— 1 :j (J -A •-H 4 7 2 4 4 7 10 17 3 18 3 3 1 3 2 lU 2 1 23 1 9 3 9 3 10^ 1 1 2 2 3 5 1 6 2 9 3 11 2 1 3 1 4 5t±,i 3 1 7 2 lO-Tii 1 8 1 6 2 Ih^ 1 8 1 6 2 llt-fl 1 6 2 9 2 llfo 2 7 2 1 2 9-t\ 2 5 3 1 3 6 2 1 7 2 11-1^0 1 6 5 5 9 U 44 24 4 5 4 5 8 9 29 1 26 3 7 1 7 2 11 1 6 1 6 4 6 4 2 4 1 7 2 11 1 1 6 1 7 2 2 3 9t^ 2 4 6 4 1 5 12 2 10^*5 2 8 4 5 9 1 9 2 5 3 11 2 2 1 8 6 6.^ 3 7 2 5 3 11.^ 2 1 Taken in action. Date 1 796 marked upon gun. Dismounted by our fire. Gun marked with a crown. Dismounted by our fire. One trunnion broken. Diameter of chamber 4-|",5 V T^i^pn ^y inch, depth 1 foot 3 inch. / Hyderabad. Vent on the right of the gun. On l)oard Steamer, nature and dimensions unknown. Ditto ditto Ditto ditto A quantity of annniniition of (hftercnt kinds was also taken. The whole of the carriages of these guns were in such a state as to render them useless. (Signed) JOHN LLOYD, Major, Commanding Artillery, Scinde. r 2 ► \ 22 RECORDS OF THE From Major J. OUTRAM, Commissioner, to Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistau. On board the " Planet " steamer, 15 miles above Hyderabad. 6 P.M., 15th February, 1843. S IR, JMy despatches of the last few days will have led you to expect that my earnest endeavours to effect an amicable arrangement with the Ameers of Scinde would fail, and it is with much regret I have now to report that their highnesses have commenced hostilities by attacking my residence this morning, which after four hours most gallant defence by my honorary escort, the light company of Her Majesty's •22nd regiment, commanded by Captain Conway, I was compelled to evacuate, in consequence of our ammunition running short. * Ascertained after At 9 A.M. this morning a dense body of cavalry and infantry* took post on three sides of the the action on the 17th, Agency compound (the fourth being defended by the " Planet" steamer, about 500 yards distant) in s'nnn^'^ amounted to the gardens and houses which immediately command the enclosure, and which it was impossible to commancf" of ^Meer ^"^"^ ^^''^^ """^ limited numbers ; a hot fire was opened by the enemy, and continued incessantly for Shadad Khan (one of f°"'' 'lours, but all their attempts to enter the Agencj- enclosure, although merely surrounded by a wall, the principal Ameers) varying from 4 to 5 feet high, were frustrated by Captain Conway's able distribution of his small band, his cousin Meer Ma- and the admirable conduct of every individual soldier composing it, under the gallant example of their homed Khan, Nawab commanding officer and his subalterns. Lieutenant Harding and Ensign Pennefather, of Her Majesty's garrie, and mTny ^rin- "^"'^ regiment, also Captains Green, of the 21st regiment Native Infantry, and Wells, of the 15th re- cipal chiefs. It was giment, who volunteered their services, to each of whom was assigned the charge of a separate quarter ; also ascertained that also to your A. D. C, Captain Brown, Bengal Engineers, who carried my orders to the steamer and assisted the enemy lost upwards in working her guns and directing her flanking fire. Our ammunition being limited to 40 rounds per man, °^ '^*' ''■'l^'*/'"'' ™'"''' the officers directed their whole attention to reserving their fire, and keeping their men close under cover, among''the"latte^r Meer "^^'^'' showing themselves or returning a shot, except when the enemy attempted to rush, or shewed Mahomed Khan. themselves in great numbers, consequently great execution was done with trifling expenditure of ammu- nition and with little loss. Our hope of receiving a reinforcement and a supply of ammunition by the " Satellite " steamer (hourly expected) being disappointed on the arrival of that vessel, without either, shortly after the commencement of the attack, it was decided at 12 a.m., after being three hours under fire, to retire to the steamer, while still we had sufficient ammunition left to fight the vessel up the river ; accordingly I requested Captain Conway to keep the enemy at bay for one hour, while the property was removed, for which that time was ample, could the camp followers be induced to exert themselves ; after delivering their first loads on board, however, they were so terrified at the enemy's cross fire on the clear space between the compound and the vessel that none could be persuaded to return, except a few of the officers' servants, with whose assistance but little could be removed during the limited time we could afford, consequently much had to be abandoned, and I am sorry to find that the loss chiefly fell upon the officers and men, who were too much occupied in keeping off the enemy to be able to attend to their own interests ; accordingly after the expiration of another hour (during which the enemy, despairing of otherwise efl^ecting their object, had brought up 6 guns to bear upon us) we took measures to evacuate the Agency ; Captain Conway called in his posts, and all being united, retired in a body, covered by a few skirmishers, as deliberately as on parade (carrying off our slain and wounded), which, and the fire from the steam boats, deterred the enemy from pressing us as they might have done. All being embarked I then directed Mr. Acting Commander Miller, commanding the " Satellite " steamer, to proceed with his vessel to the wood station, three miles up the river on the opposite bank, to secure a sufficiency of fuel for our purposes ere it should be destroyed by the enemy, while I remained with the " Planet " to take off the barge that was moored to the shore. This being a work of some time, during which a hot fire was opened on the vessel from three guns which the enemy brought to bear on her, besides small arms, and requiring much personal exposure of the crew (especially i\Jr. Cole, the commander of the vessel,) I deem it my duty to bring to your favorable notice their zealous exertions on the occasion, and also to express my obligations to Messrs. Miller and Cole, for the flanking fire they maintained on the enemy during their attack on the Agency, and for their support during the retirement and embarkation of the troops. The " Satelhte" was also exposed to three guns in her progress up to the woods and station, one of which she dismounted bv her fire. The vessels were followed by large bodies of the enemy for about three mUes, occasionally open- ing their guns upon us to no purpose ; since then we have pursued our voyage up the Indus about fifteen miles without molestation ; and purpose to-morrow morning anchoring off Muttaree, where I expect to find your camp. Our casualties amount to two men of her Majesty's 22nd regiment, and one camp follower killed ; and Mr. Conductor Kiely, Mr. Carlisle, Agency clerk, two of the steamer's crew, four of Her Majesty's 22nd regiment, and two camp followers wounded, and four camp followers missing. Total, three killed, ten wounded and four missing. I have, &c. (Signed) J. OUTRAM, Commissioner. (True copy.) (Signed) J. OUTRAM, Commissioner. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 23 RETURN of men killed and wounded at Uyderaliad on tlie loth Februarv, 1843. en o ■:? c 2 c 'J CA 3 i- O C- b- o o 1 to an (A O -a en a 2 o" ■■A tn o -2 1 z "3 o Remarks. Killed Mounded 2 4 6 1 1 1 1 2 3 5 2 8 3 13 Missing — — — — — Total Names of men killed. Names of men wounded. Remarks. n. M. 22nd Regiment. Private George Outline. Lancc-Corporal F. Guhn. Conductor Kiely Mr. Carlisle Private Edward Boyle Richard Bowles a John Davis » John Morris Lascar Elleppa Nursoo » Mahomet European writer. > H. M. 22nd regiment. Officers servants. 3 dhobeys missing. 1 seaman and 1 lascar wounded on board the "Satellite.' (Signed) (Signed) \ J. O. T. S. CONWAY, Captain 22nd regiment. Commanding Detachment. (True copy.) (Signed) G. BROWN, A. D. C. (True copies.) (Signed) J. THOMASON, Offg. Secretary to Govt, of India with the Governor-General. (True copies.) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. c3 Drivers. 24 RECORDS OF THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. MONDAY, 27th MARCH, 1843. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT, Bombay Castle, 27th March, 1843. The Hon. the Governor in Council is pleased to re-publish for general information the following No- tification issued under the orders of the Right Hou. the Governor-General of India, on the loth inst. By order of the Hon. the Governor in Council. J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. NOTIFICATION, By the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India. Political Department, Agra, the I5th March, 1843. The Governor-General has the highest satisfaction in making known to the army the names of the several officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, recorded in the reports made to His Excellency Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., as having most distinguished themselves in the battle of Meeanee. The Governor-General directs that the unserviceable guns taken at Hyderabad shall be sent to Bom- bay, and there cast into a, triumphal column, whereon shall be inscribed in the English and two native languages, the names of Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., and of the several officers mentioned by His Excellency in his despatch, and likewise the names of the several officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, mentioned in the reports, that thus the names may be for ever recorded of those who, at Meeanee, obtained for themselves that glory in the field which is the reward dearest to a true soldier. The Governor-General is further pleased to direct, that the drivers attached to the 2nd company 2nd battalion, 3rd company 3rd battalion of Bombay Artillerv, in the battle of Meeanee, shall be entitled to the pension of sepoys. The Governor-General requests that the officers commanding corps in the army of Scinde will bring before committees the cases of the several officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, who most distinguished themselves in the battle of Meeanee, in order that the Government may award the order of merit to all who may be entitled to it by their conduct. By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India, (Signed) J. THOMASON, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. From Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., to the Right Hon. LORD ELLENBOROUGH, Governor-Generiil of India, &c., &c., &c. Hyderabad, 2nd March, 1843. My Lord, I beg leave to send to your Lordship reports made by my order, that while the memory is fresh, distinguished deeds may be put on record. The great results of this battle have made me anxious that those who were so conspicuous in the hour of trial should be known to your Lordship. Their devotion to their duty was very honorable to them. In the case of the brave drivers of the two batteries I am sure your Lordship will do them justice, and I beg especially to recommend them to your Lordship's protection. I have, &c. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General. From Captain G. HUTT, Commanding Field Battery, to the Adjutant of Artillery in Scinde. Camp, near Hyderabad, 23rd February, 1843. Sir, -. ^, With reference to division after orders of yesterday, I beg permission to bring to the notice of tlie B^door *" Major-General the general steadiness and good conduct of the drivers of the battery under my command Mahadoo. throughout the action of the 1 7th, particularly of three men, who brought up the howitzer that was SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 25 first in action on the siglit of the Une (when formed on the bank of tlie Nullah), under a very heavy and destructive fire, with a degree of coolness and steadiness that could not be surpassed, though two of their horses were. dangerously wounded. I would not presume to briug these men to notice were they enlisted, or treated as fighting men, but as they arc still considered as mere followers, men whose families receive no pension in the event of their death, or themselves, if disabled by wounds, I beg to submit the case to the Major-General, as a strong argument in favor of those on whose courage and conduct the very existence of the battery must often depend. I have, &c., (Signed) GEORGE IIUTT, Captain, Commanding Field Battery. From Major P. F. STORY, Commanding 9th Light Cavalry, to Lieutenant PELLY, Assistant Adjutaut-General. Sir, Camp Hyderabad, 26th February, 1843. In forwarding the accompanying roll for the information of the Major-General, 1 have the honor to request you will inform him that 1 have had the greatest difficulty in selecting these men, where all behaved so gallantly, aud nearly equally well. I have, &c., (Signed) P. F. STORY, Major, Commanding 9th Light Cavalry. Camp, Hyderabad, February, 1843. ROLL of native commissioned and non-commissioned officers and privates of the 9th regiment Light Cavalry, who particularly distinguished themselves in action with the euemy on the l/th February, 1843. . Rank and Names. Subadars. Shaik Baker Ally . . . Shaik Eniam Bux . . . Jemadar. Rhoman Sing Havildars. Shaik Eniam Bux . . Shaik Golam Hussain Naik. Bucktaver f^ing Troopers. Birnia Dcen Golam Russool Sewdial Sing Mootce Sing Gungah Siug Beharee Sing Fyzoolla Khan Hussain Ally Nasser Ally Remarks. Had his horse severely wounded in the chest, led his men in a most gal- lant manner, and was very active in re-fonning them for a secoud attack. Engaged with two troopers in taking a standard planted near some guns, [ and which was most bravely defended by the enemy. Carried the standard of the 1st squadron (Queen's colours), and was very zealous and active during the whole action. Saved the life of his officer, Shaik Emam Bux, (Subadar), and his con- duct was conspicuous during the day. Strongly recommended for great gallantry during the charge. Behaved most gallantly during the whole day. the These two men were equally engaged with the Subadar in taking standard which was so nobly defended. Singly rushed into a walled enclosure and killed one of the euemy, who had several times fired from it with effect. Saved the life of his officer, Captain Garrett. Killed after a long and severe personal conflict with one of the enemy, when no assistance was at hand. After being severely wounded in the wrist, and his horse also in two places, cut down his adversary. Behaved gallantly throughout, and cut down his enemy after a severe personal conflict. Strongly recommended for great gallantry during the charge. Behaved with great gallautry during the charge, aud was severely wounded. (Signed) P. F. STORY, Major, Commanding 9th Light Cavalry. From ilajor J. U. POOLE, Commanding 22nd Regiment, to the Assistant Adjutant-General, Sehide Field Force. Camp, Hyderabad, 24th February, 1843. Sir, In reference to No. 2, After Division Orders of the 22nd inst., I called upon the captains and officers commanding companies, to furnish nie with the names and acts of individuals of the regiment under my command, who had especially distinguished themselves in the action of the 1 7th inst. The officers generally assert that they feel difficulty in making selections where the conduct of every man of their companies was so satisfactory. In so general a field of action and persevering exertion 1 equally feel at a loss where to draw a distinction ; but it may be proper to mention the names of private James O'Neill, of the light company, who took a standard whilst we were actively engaged with the enemy, ami drununer Martin Delauey, who shot, bayoneted and captured the arms of Meer 'Whullce Mahomed Khan, who was mounted, and directing the euemy in the hottest part of the euijagemeut, when all the regiment behaved w-ith enduring coolness and intiepidity. I hope the particidur circuui- stauees of these two cases will exonerate me from the imputation of doing injustice to all the brave soldiers of the regiment by particularizing them. I have, &c., (Signed) J. U. POOLE, Major, Commanding 22nd Regiment. c4 ► k 26 RECORDS OF THE From Major T. CLIBBORN, Commanding 1st Grenadier Regiment, N. I., to Lieutenant PELLY, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Hyderabad. Camp, near Hyderabad, 24th February, 1843. Sir, Agreeably to Division Orders of the 22nd inst., I beg to bring to the especial notice of Major- General Sir C. J. Napier, K.C.B., the names of the following officers and men of the 1st Grenadiers, who distinguished themselves by zeal and gallantry in the action of the 1 7th February. Lieutenant Johnstone, who cut down a Beloochee, and saved the life of a sepoy who had bayoneted this Beloochee, but was overpowered in the life struggle. Subadar Major Cooshall Sing and Subadar Esseree Pursaud, likewise privates Sunker Misser and Kadaree Powar, who were conspicuous throughout the dav for their zeal and gallantry. I have, &c., (Signed) T. CLIBBORN, Major, Commanding 1st Grenadier Regiment, N. L From Major A. T. REID, Commanding 12th Regiment, N. I., to the Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, Scinde and Beloochistan. Hyderabad Fort, 25th February, 1843. IR, With reference to No. 3 of the Division Orders, dated the 22ud inst., I have the honor to trans- mit, for the purpose of being laid before the Major-General, a nominal roll of non-commissioned officers, naiks and privates, in the 12th regiment, N. L, who have been reported to me by the officers in com- mand, and in charge of the companies to which they belong as having particularly distinguished them- selves in the action of the 1 7th inst. I take this opportunity of recording the gallant conduct of the late Captain and Brevet-Major Jackson, who fell at the head of the grenadier company, in a personal conflict with several of the enemy. The other officers. Lieutenant and Brevet-Captain Mead and Lieutenant Wood, who were killed, were also most conspicuous when they fell, in cheering on their men at one of the most critical periods of the action. To the other European officers I am also much indebted for their gallant conduct and example throughout the day ; but to Lieutenant and Brevet-Captain Brown, the only mounted officer with me in the battle, in a particular degree I beg to place on record the deep gratitude I must ever feel for the assistance he afforded me, as well as my admiration at the gallantry he displayed in cheering the men throughout the conflict at every part of the line where the resistance was most hot and determined. I have &c. (Signed) A. t! REID, Major, Commanding 12th regiment N. I, Fort, Hyderabad, 25th February, 1843. Nominal Roll of those men in the 12th regiment N. I., who distinguished themselves in the action of the 17th Fcbruarv, 1843. No. Rank and Names. Havildar Dutram Tewaree Naik Bhowanee Sing .... Naik Allum Sing Private Shaik Adjum .... Remarks. Havildar Oomrow Sing Naik Lall Khan Private Mathadeen 1st Private Booree Aheer . . Private Scetul Lobar . . Havildar Bhugwan Sing . Havildar Thackoor Ram. Wounded in gallantly defending Captain and Brevet- Major Jackson. Signed) V. B. D. CARTER, Ensign, In charge of Gr. Company. I heard these men cheering on their comrades after a f slight check, and saw them most forward in the action. (Signed) G. FISHER, Captain, Commanding 5th Company. Behaved gallantly, urging the men on, and foremost in the action. Behaved gallantlv, always foremost in the action. (Signed) W. F. HOLBROW, Ensign, In charge of 8th Company. True copy, (Signed) W. BROWN, Captain, Adjutant 12th Regiment N. I. (Signed) A. T. REID, Major, Commanding i2th Regiment N. I. From Captain J. JACKSON, Commanding 25th Regiment, N. I., to the Assistant Adjutant-General, in Scinde and Beloochistan. Sir, Camp, Hyderabad, 25th February, 1843. Agreeably to Division Orders of the 22nd inst., I beg to bring to the especial notice of Major- General Sir C. J. Napier, K.C.B., the following officers of the 25th regiment N. I., who particularly distinguished themselves by zeal and gallantry, in the action of the 17th of February, 1843. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 27 The whole of the Sepoys beh.ived so well that I consider it would be invidious to make any distinction. Lieutenant Marston, grenadier company, who cut down two of the enemy single handed, in front of the line. Subadar-Major Nuud Ram, who, though wounded, remained with his company throughout the action. Subadar Russall Sing, grenadier company, who shot three men, and cut down one, and showed great zeal in encouraging and leading on his men. Jemadar Bappoo Sawunt, light company, who cut down one man. I have, &c. (Signed) JOHN JACKSON, Captain, Commanding 'ijth Regiment, N. 1. From Ca])taiii J. JACOB Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, to the Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Belooehistan. Camp, near Hyderabad, 23rd February, 1843. Sir, With reference to Division Orders of the 22nd inst., I have the honor to request that you will bring to the notice of Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., commanding in Scinde and Beloo- ehistan, that throughout the battle fought on the 1 7th inst. I received the most essential service from my Acting Adjutant, Lieutenant Russell, whose steady, cool and daring conduct on the occasion mainly contributed to the good behaviour of the corps I have the honor to command, especially while it was exposed alone for nearly two hours to a heavy fire of artillery, in a most trying position for an irregular Sepoy corps, which until a few months before that dav, had, since it was raised, been always dispersed in small detachments, and the men of which had, with few exceptions, never been engaged in any but skirmishing fights. I am also greatly indebted to this officer for the promptness with which he assisted me in the very difficult task of re-forming, after charging through the enemy's camp, when the men were excited to the highest pitch, and when their services were required to repel an expected attack on the rear guard. I also request that you will have the kindness to bring to the notice of the Major-General the excellent conduct of Russuldar Surferaz Khan, Jemadar Alladad Khan Nawab, and Uuffedar Mhobut Khan. The good conduct of these three native officers was most conspicuous throughout the day, and particu- larly on one occasion, when the regiment was moving over ground rendered nearly impassable by water- c/irses, hedges, and deep cuts filled with thorns and lined with matchlock-men ; in advancing at the gallop over these obstacles so many falls took place that more than fifty of our horses were lying on the ground at once ; this occurred under a very heavy fire from the village and nullahs on the right of the enemy's line, and on. this occasion the native officers above mentioned, re-formed their men and restored order in a style which was deserving of my highest admiration. I do not mention Lieutenant Fitz- gerald, my second ui command, as I have already brought that officer's services to the notice of the General. I have, &c., (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain, Artillery, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. (True Copies.) (Signed) J. THOMASON, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. (True Copies.) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. After the battle of Meeanee, durin!? the night of the 18th February, the 9th inth Fibmary, isis. regiment Bengal Light Cavalry and the Scinde Horse marched in advance with the wounded men of the British Army to Hyderabad. The remainder of the troops followed in the morning, and all encamped near the Residency. Captain Jacob permanently appointed Commandant of the regiment in super- March, 1843. cession of Captain Curtis, by letter fi'om the Secretary to Government of India, No. 263, dated Camp, Delhi', 17th February, 1843. The regiment ordered out to meet and reinforce Major Stack and the troops 22111I Mardi. 1813. under his conmiand, who were, on their approach to Hyderabad, attacked by the army of Meer Shcre Mahomed. Captain Jacob, with the regiment, joined Major Stack about six miles from Hyderabad, and found h'un skirn\ishiiig with the enemy. The Scinde Irregular Horse joined the column and formed its rear guard into Hyderabad. 28 RECORDS OF THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. THURSDAY, 27th APRIL, 1843. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT, Bombay Castle, 26th April, 1843. The Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to re-publish for general information the following Notification issued under the orders of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India on the Ifith instant. Bi/ order of the Honorable the Governor in Council. J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. NOTIFICATION, By the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India. Agra, I6th April, 1843. Despatches, from which the following are extracts, were this day received by the Governor-General from His Excellency Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., by the route of Sukkur. By order of the Ric/ht Honorable the Governor-General of India. J. THOMASON, Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. From Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistan, to the Riglit Honorable Lord ELLENBOROUGH, Governor-General of India, &c., &c., &c. Camp, Hyderabad, 23rd March, 1843. My Lord, M.ijor Stack joined me last night with the 3rd Cavalry, the 8th N.I. and Major Leslie's troop of horse artillery. The enemy fired upon them as they passed Meeanee, but I had reinforced his party by the Poonah Horse at Muttaree, in case of accidents, and also sent out the Scinde Horse to meet him at Meeanee, and in an hour after the enemy appeared I was there myself with a troop of the 9th Light Cavalry, the remainder of the last named regiment following me with some cannon. No serious attack took place, and the whole arrived in camp late at night. I have given them this day to rest, and to- morrow morning I mean to attack the enemy wherever I find him ; he is either at Kottree, Dubba, or Jaum Ali ke Tandah ; all these are within sk miles of Hyderabad ; and he has already began attacking our camels. I beg to say that Major Stack's canduct on this march has pleased me very much. All sorts of reports reached him of the great force of the enemy, but he marched on boldly like a good soldier. I have, &c. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General. From Major M. STACK, 3rd Regiment Light Cavalry, to Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistan. Camp at Alleear, 27th March, 1843. Sir, Major Leslie's troop I have the honor to report the arrival of the force under my command, as per margin, at of H. A. 5 guns. Hyderabad, (m the night of the 22nd instant, having been detained a few hours on the road from Mut- taree by a skirmish with the enemy on that day, the particulars of which I have the honor to subjoin. 3rdreE lightcavalry ^ marched from Muttaree at II a.m., and after passing the scene of action of the 17th ultimo, about 297 sabres, including 1 P.M., some horsemen appeared to my left front. Lieutenant McMurdo, who (with the Poona drill and sick. Horse, under Lieutenant Tait) had joined me on the morning of the 21st, proceeded to recomioitre 8th rcffimcnt N. I. ''i<^'" "'''' " *'-'^^ troopers of tlic advance guard, and I directed the Poona Horse to remain on their 818 of all ranks. present ground, to reinforce the rear guard and [irotcct the baggage. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 29 As I could perceive the number of the enemy increasing, and they were firing sharply on our advance party, I detached a troop of the Srd Light Cavalry, under Lieutenant Moore, to Lieutenant McMurdo's support, and sent Lieutenant Ashburner, Adjutant .3rd Light Cavalry, to report to you the appearance of the enemy. Lieutenant Moore's troop made a spirited charge on the enemy's advance, but at too great a distance to reach them before they had secured themselves in the bed of the river. Lieutenant McMurdo sent to report to me that the enemy were advancing in force, on which I halted the colunui, with the right resting on the Phoolalie, and detached two guns under Captain Rowan, a squadron ,3rd Light Cavalry under Captain Malet, and the grenadier company Mtli regiment under Captain Morse to check their advance ; at tliis time the enemy were crossing the bed of the Phoolalie in great numbers, both horse and foot, about three-fourths of a mile to our left rear in the direction of our baggage, which was in the rear of the column ; large bodies were drawn up in front of a wood on the opjjosite side of the river ; and heavy masses were seen, with a glass, to their left rear, and advancing towards the head of our column. The guns took a position nearly opposite the point where the enemy were crossing the bed of the river, and opened upon them with such effect that they were instantly checked ; a few more rounds telling on them severely, they retreated with precijiitation, and recrossed the river much more rapidly than they had advanced ; in their retreat they carried with them all those who were ranged in front of the wood. The large bodies in the distance also fell back, and in about half an hour after the opening of our ginis there was not an enemy in sight. Captain Jacob's horse having arrived from Hyderabad about the time our fire ceased I directed them to cover the rear of the columns, and recalled our detached parties to join the main body ; by this time baggage being well in ad\ance I resumed the march, and arrived in camp without the .slightest loss of any sort. I have, &c., (Signed) U. STACK, Major, 3rd Regiment of Light Cavalry, late commanding troops en route from Sukkur to Hyderabad. From Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistan, to the Right Honorable Lord ELLENBOROUGH, Governor-General of India, &c., &c., &c. Ahar ke Kanda, 26th March, 1843, 5 o'clock, p.m. My Loud, This town is 20 miles from the field of battle. We passed two prepared positions of great strength. I shall reach Mcerpoor to-morrow. The Ameer, I understand, has iled to the desert in great terror, and all his family with him. The inhabitants receive us with great joy, and are very desirous to be assured that we mean to keep the country. The Poona Horse has pursued the Ameer, and are now near iMeerpoor, 40 miles from the field. Sobdar's servant (and the great mover of this rallied force) was Hoche Mahomed Seedee ; he fell in the battle, and it was his followers that stood against the 22nd regiment. Three other chiefs hfive fallen, Golam Ali Talpoor, Ali Khan Talpoor and Jaffa Khan Miirry. I have &c. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General. (True extracts.) J. THOMASON, Secretary to the Governor of India with the Governor-General. (True copies.) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. i The Scinde Irregular Horse formed the advance guard of the army which went 24tii March, 1843. forth on the 24th March, 1843, to attack Meer Shere Mahomed of Mcerpoor. After advancing a few miles from Hyderabad the General sent on Captain Jacob with his regiment to discover the position of the enemy's army. Having done this, Captain Jacob halted, and formed line within gun shot of the Belooch army. Then followed the battle of Hyderabad, which is described in the following despatches. \ 30 RECORDS OF THE THE ^' BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA B D I N A B Y. FRIDAY, 21st APRIL, 1843. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT, Bombay Castle, 2Qth April, 1843. The Hon. the Governor in Council has the highest gratification in re-publishing for general informa- tion the following General Orders issued by the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India, under date the 11th inst., and -to direct that this general order and the substance of the despatch annexed shall be explained to the troops at all the stations of the army of this presidency. "" By order of the lion, the Governor in Council. J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. GENERAL ORDERS, By the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India, Agra, the Wth April, 1843. The Governor-General amiounces to the army another and a most decisive -(-ictory gained by His Excellency Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., in the vicinity of Hyderabad, over 20,000 Beloochees, led by Meer Shere Mahomed, of Meerpoor, a chief who, having no ground whatever of complaint against the British Government, preferred the chances of war to the security of peace, and has no refuge but the desert. The Major-General directed his force with the same consummate abiUty which characterised his operations at Meeanee, and all the troops worthy of being so commanded executed their movements with a precision and steadiness which secured the victory to their impetuous valour. The armv of Scinde has twice beaten the bravest enemy in Asia, under circumstances which would equally have obtained for it the victory over the best troops of Europe. The Governor-General regards with delight the new proofs which the army has given of its pre- eminent qualities in the field, and of its desire to mitigate the necessary calamities of war by mercy to the vanquished. The ordinary expression of thanks would ill convey the extent of the debt of gratitude which the Governor-General feels to be due to His Excellency Major-General Sir Charles Napier on the part of the Government, the army, and the peo])le of Hindoostan. To have punished the treachery of protected princes, to have liberated a nation from its oppressors, to have added a province fertile as Egypt to the British empire, and to have effected these great objects by actions in war unsurpassed in brilliancy, whereof a grateful army assigns the success to the ability and ^•alour of its General ; these are not ordinary achievements, nor can the ordinary language of praise convey their reward. The Governor-General directs that the several corps which by the General Order of the ."ith ultimo were permitted to bear the word "Hyderabad, 1843," upon their appointments, standards and co.'ors, respectively, shall in lieu thereof bear the word "Meeanee." The Governor-General is pleased to authorize the — 1st Troop Bombay Horse Artillery, 2nd company 1st battalion Bombay Artillery, 2nd company 2ik1 battalion Bombay Artillery, 3rd company Golundauze Bombay Artillery, and C. company Madras Sappers and Miners, to bear upon their appointments, and tiie 3rd regiment of Bombay Light Cavalry, and the 9th regiment of Bengal Light Cavalry, the Poonah Horse and the Scinde Horse, upon their standards and appoint- ments, and the 1st Grenadiers, the 8th, 12th, 21st, and 25th regiments of Bombay Native Infantry, upon their colors and appointments, the word " Hyderabad." The Governor-General having taken into consideration the peculiar merits of the 1st troop of the Bombay Horse Artillery, under Major Leslie, which having participated in the distinguished services of the army of Candahar, under His Excellency Major-General Sir W. Nott, G.C.B., and having re- turned to India with the troops from Cabool, marched from the camp of Ferozepore early in January, and joined the army of Scinde in time to decide, in conjunction with II. M.'s 22nd regiment, the battle of Hyderabad, is pleased to direct, that the 1st troop of the Bombay Horse Artillery shall hereafter for ever be denominated the 1st, or "Leslie's" troop of Horse Artillery, and shall, in addition to all other decorations or inscriptions upon its ap])ointments, bear the " Eagle." SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 31 The Governor-Gonrral directs that this General Order and the suhstaiice of the despatch annexed shall be explained to the troops at all the stations of the army, and that at all such stations a salute of 2) guns shall be fired in honor of the victory of Hyderabad. Bv order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India. J. THOM.\SON, Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. From Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistan, to the Right Hon. LORD ELLENBOROUGH, Governor-General of India, &c., &c., &c. Dubba, four miles from Hyderabad, 24th March, 1 843. My Lokd, The forces under my command marched from Hyderabad this morning at daybreak. About half- past 8 o'clock we discovered and attacked the army under the j)crsonal command of tl;e Mccr Shere Mahomed, consisting of twenty thousand men of all arms, strongly posted behind one of those large nullahs by which this country is intersected in all directions. After a combat of about three hours the enemy was wholly defeated with considerable slaughter, and the loss of all his standards and cjinnon. His position was nearly a straight line ; the nullah was fonued by two deep parallel ditches, one 20 feet wide and 8 feet deep, the other 42 feet wide and 17 deep, which had been for a long distance freshly scarped, and a banquet made behind the bank expressly for the occasion. To ascertain the extent of his line was extremely difficult, as his left did not appear to be satisfac- torily defined, but he began moving to his right when he perceived that the British force outflanked him in that direction. Believing that this movement had drawn him from that part of the nullah which had been prepared for defence, I hoped to attack his right with less difliculty, and Major Leslie's troop of Horse Artillery was ordered to move forward and endeavour to rake the nullah. The 9th Light Cavalry and Poona Horse advancing in line, on the left of the artillery, which was su])ported on the right by II. M. 22nd regiment, the latter being, however, at first considerably retired to admit of the oblique fire of Leslie's troop. The whole of the artillery now opened upon the enemy's position, and the British line advanced in echellons from the left, II. M. 22nd regiment leading the attack. The enemy was now perceived to move from his centre in considerable bodies to his left, apparently retreating, iniable to sustain the cross fire of the British artillery ; on seeing which. Major Stack, at the head of the 3rd Cavalry, under command of Captain Delamain, and the Scinde Horse, under com- mand of Captain Jacob, made a brilliant charge upon the enemy's left flank, crossing the nullah and cutting down the retreating enemy for several miles. While this was passing on the right, II. M. 22nd regiment, gallantly led by Major Poole, who commanded the brigade, and Captain George, who com- manded the corps, attacked the nullah on the left with great gallantry, and I regret to add, with con- siderable loss. This brave battalion marched up to the nullah under a heavy fire of matchlocks, without returning a shot till within 40 paces of the intrenchment, and then stormed it like British soldiers. The intrepid Lieutenant Coote first movmted the rampart, seized one of the enemy's standards, and was severely wounded while waving it and cheering on his men. Meanwhile the Poona Horse, under Cap- tain Tait, and the 9th Cavalry, under Major Story, turned the enemy's right flank, pursuing and cutting do\«i the fugitives for several miles. II. M. 22nd regiment was veil supported by the batteries com- manded by Captains Willougliby and Hutt, which crossed their fire with that of Major Leslie. Then came the 2nd Brigade under command of Jliijor Woodburn, bearing down into action with excellent coolness. It consisted of the 2r)th, 2 1st and 1 2th regiments, under the command of Captains Jackson, Stevens, and Fisher, respectively : these regiments were strongly sustained by the fire of Captain Whitley's battery, on the right of which were the Sth and 1st regiments, under Majors Browne and Clibborn : these two corps advanced with the regularity of a review up to the intrenchments ; their commanders, with considerable exertion, stopping their fire, on seeing that a portion of the Scinde Horse and 3rd Cavalry in charging the enemy had got in front of the brigade. Tlie battle was decided by the troop of Horse Artillery and II. AL 22nd regiment. To Lieutenant Colonel Pat tie, as second in command, I am indebted for his zealous activity and readiness to execute anv duties confided to his charge. To my personal Staff, and to the general Staff of the division my thanks are due for their zealous assistance. I beg to recommend my acting Aide-de-Camp, Lieutenant Thompson, to your Lordship's protection. The long experience of my military secretary. Major McPherson, was of much assistance to me in the field. To my extra Aide-de-Camp, Lieutenant Brown, I have also to return my best thanks, especially for his assistance in examining the position of the enemy. Captain Tucker, Lieutenants Kalhbourne, Hill, North and Battersby, all did good service in the fight. To Lieutenant Pelly, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, I am indebted for his zealous exertions in that department. Of Lieutenant McMurdo's abilities as acting Assistant Quarter-Master-Gencral 1 cannot speak too highly, and regret to say, he has received a sabre wound from a Beloochee, the third that he cut down in single combat during the day. To Major Lloyd, who commanded the Artillerj-, the service is indebted for the arrangements made for that arm, abiy seconded by Major Leslie, Captains Willoughby, Whitlie and Hutt. To the commanders of brigades and regiments, and the officers, non-commissioned officers and pri- vates mider their command, I have to rctura my thanks for their valiant bearing in the action. Major Waddingtou rendered me the most important aid in examining the enemy's position with that cool courage which he possesses in so eminent a degree ; nor must 1 omit to mention the labours of Captain Henderson and Lieutenants Outlaw and Boileau, with their hardy little baud of Sappers, whose labours enabled the heavy 8-inch howitzers to come up into action. To Captain Blenkins the service is indebted for the ablest arrangements in the commissariat department. The exertions of the officers of the medical department under Inspecting-Surgcon Bell were very laudable. Lieutenant Leeson well arranged the baggage close up to the line, and merits thanks, for the duty of a baggage master, with an Indian army, is Hercule'an. I will not close the list of those to whom I am indebted without mentioning that brave and inde- fatigable Arab gentleman Ally Ackbar, to whose ability and activity I am much indebted. I 32 RECORDS OF THE { Many, my Lord, have been the acts of individual valour performed by officers and private soldiers (both European and native), and the account of them shall hereafter be laid before your lordship. The Beloochee infantry and artillery fought well ; their cavalry made no stand, and 5,000 disciplined soldiers were not to be long resisted by a barbarian force, even though that force were nearly five to one. From the accounts which have come in since writing the above, there is reason to believe that the loss of the enemy has been very great : about 500 bodies have been counted upon the field of battle, and it is said that the neighbouring villages are filled with dead and wounded men. Eleven pieces of cannon were taken in position on the nullah and seventeen standards. It gives me great satisfaction to say, that some prisoners have been taken, and though the number is small, it is still some advance towards a civilized mode of warfare, for I cannot help thinking that the desperate resistance generally made by wounded Belochees has arisen from their own system of warfare, which admits of no quarter being given in action. We are at present employed in collecting the wounded Beloochees within our reach, in order to render them medical assistance. I have deeply to regret the loss of the brave and excellent Captain Garrett, of the 9th Light Cavalry, who fell honorably in the battle, and also the fall of Lieutenant Smith, of the Bombay Artillery. With unsurpassed and desperate valour he galloped in front of his battery, and rode np upon the top of the nullah (filled with enemies) to see where his guns could bear with greatest effect ; — here this hero fell. JNIany of the Scindian people (who are all in great delight at the destruction of their Beloochee op- pressors) have come into camp from different parts, and bring assurances that the Beloochee force is wholly dispersed, and that Meer Shere Mahomed has fled into the desert with his family and about 40 followers ; but, as Emaum Ghur has been destroyed, the heat will soon force him to quit this tem- porary refuge where there is no protection from the sun. He will therefore probably endeavour to reach Moultan. I have written to his Highness AU Morad to arrest his progress in that direction, if possible, and to make him prisoner. Three Beloochee chiefs fell in the action ; one of them was the great promoter of the war, Hoche Mahomed Seedee, and I have every reason to believe that not another shot will be fired in Scinde. I have, &c. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General, Commanding; in Scinde and Beloochistan. (Exd.) (Signed) H. J. PELLY, Lie Actg. Assi I 72 to to p p Scinde do C. CO. Madras Sappers . . Her Majesty's 22nd Foot 1 st Grenadier Regiment . . 8th Regiment N. I 1 2th do. 1st troop Horse Artillery 2nd CO. 1st bn. Artillery 2nd do. 2nd do. 3rd do. Golundauze .... 3rd regiment Light Cavalry 9th do. do. O p tc 3 CO , . ^^ Captain. 5 P d o 1 . .— Lieutenant. •^ ^ ^^ ^^ Trumpeter. re CO to coco — • toco- • CO' — • ■ Rank and File. re P- > p to ■— to — • to • • J^ • • K- • • ►- • • Lieutenant. P a p- e-h' .r*- , . . __. . Ensign. O e Total Genl. Signed) 1 ^^ Subedar. .c^ CO — Jemadar. B ^ CO — • • O • — Havildar. re ^ K) • ■ to ■ ■ .:;;:. Drummer. 3 ) killed anc (Sigm (True Cop P. McPH to o ^- to ._. K- ^- ... cai— ^1— — 1— H- ^^jtoto' • • CO Rank and File. a> so Bheesty. ?■ tc — • r— • • Syce. 3 s • °- ^ Doolv Bearer. s Co to CO CO ^t ■ CO ■ • • Horses Killed. .1 ^ «-, CO o CO o 00 to to ^ • • Horses Wounded. — • Camels Killed. re . NAPIER, Major-General, Commanding in Scinde and Beloochistan. ajor, y Secretary. to K) to • Camels Wounded. p a- o re to g- GO CO sl' ■a o ■ > > v>' o &! 5' a o r^ = Ui "§- O i re En re = 3 s 3 "-i U) re i 4 >» ,) (i >» 7 Brass Gun 8 it 9 Iron Gun . 10 )) 11 Brass Gun Diameter Bore. of Remarks. 3 in. 7-10 G-10 7-10 8-10 9-10 7-10 7-10 2-10 8-10 .3-10 The guns are numbered from left to right as they were placed ' in ])ositmn ; the whole of the iron ones are very infeiior, uneven ' in bore, and much corroded ; the carriages have been repaired only I lately, and all fitted w'nh elevating screws ; all are now loaded. A date of 1792, of European manufacture, on No ;">. In good order. Ditto, ditto. Apparently of same date and manufacture as No. 5. Carriage superior to any of the enemy's. Nearlv six feet in length. (True Copy.) (Signed) J. LLOYD, Major, (Signed) 11. J. PELLY, Lieutenant, Commanding Artillery in Scinde. Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. (True Copies.) J. TIIOMASON, Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. (True Copies.) J. P. WILLOUGIIBY, Secretary to Government. 34 RECORDS OF THE ^ 2Gth Mai-ch, IS-).'!. 29th March. 30th March. The regiment marched on the morning of the 26th March, with the array to Ahar ke Tanda, and proceeded next day with the General in advance to Meerpoor. Lieutenant Fitzgerald with a squadron of the regiment sent in advance towards Omer Kote to reconnoitre that fortress. The standard taken at Meeanee was presented to the regiment at Meerpoor on the 30th March, 1843, by Sir C. Napier, in due form, in presence of the troops, according to general orders of the 13th March, 1843, as follows: — POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, 27th March, 1843. The Honorable the Governor in Council re-publishes for general information the following general orders issued by the Right Honorable the Governor General of India on tlie 13th instant. By order of the Honorable the Governor in Council, (Signed) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, SecretaiT to Government. Snth March, 184.".. 30th March, 1843. 1st April, 1843. GENERAL ORDERS by tlie Right Honorable the Governor- General of India. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Agra, 13th March, 1843. The Governor- General requests Major-General Sh' C. J. Napier, K.C.B., will, in the name of the Government of India, present to the Scinde Horse the standard they took fiom tlie enemy in the ever memorable battle of Meeanee, in which that regiment by its distinguislied conduct acquired for itself the honor of being here- after permanently attached to the Bombay army. The Governor- General has given directions that other standards of the colors of the military ribbon of India inscribed with the words " Hyderabad, 1843," in the Persian, English and Hindee languages shall be prepared for the Scinde Horse. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) J. THOMASON, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor- Greneml. (True Copy.) (Signed) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. Captain Jacob appointed honoraiy Aide-de-Camp to the Governor- General by letter, as follows : — Palace of Agra, March 8th, 1843. Sir, I have read with great pleasure the report made by Major General Sir Charles Napier of your distinguished conduct at the head of the Scinde Horse in the battle of the 1 7th February, near Hyderabad, and I have made you an honorary Aide-de- Camp to myself, as a public testimony of the high approbation with which, as the head of the Government of India, I regard your sendees. I have the honor to remain. Sir, Your veiy faithfiil Friend and Servant, ELLENBOROUGH. Lieutenant Fitzgerald, who had been sent to reconnoitre Omer Kote, halted at Gheroor. Captain Whitlie's battery, with a company of the 21st regiment Bom- bay Native Infantry, proceeded on the 1st April towards Omer Kote, and Lieu- tenant Fitzgerald, with the squadron under his command, to Synd ke Shehur. Captain Jacob also proceeded to join the detachment, the rest of the Scinde Ir- I'egular Horse remaining at Meerpoor. After much uncertainty, marching and counter-marching, caused by contradictory reports as to the state of the fortress of Omer Kote, &c.. Captain Brown, Commissioner in Scinde, proceeded to Meerpoor, SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 35 1 ■ and obtained distinct orders from the General. Major Woodliurn, with a wing of ist April, ist.-,. the '2.")th regiment Bombay Native Infantry, and the remainder of the Seinde svz/r/ jHorse under Lieutenant Russell, joined the detachment at Sy^d ke Shehur on the ,3rd April, 1843, and the whole force under Major Woodburn marched on the 4th Srd April, 184.!. 'April to Omer Kote and took possession of that fortress, which was after a short I parley surrendered without opposition. ' A scjuadron of the Seinde Irregular Horse, and a company of the 21st regiment 6th April. i8i:i. I Bombay Native Infantry were left to gai-rison Oincr Kote, under command of i Lieutenant Fitzgerald, and on the 6th April the remainder of the troops returned 'towards IMeerpoor, where they an-ivcd on the 8th. Two companies of the 8th regiment Bombay Native Infantiy were posted at 8th April, i84.i. Aliar ke Tanda, and one company with the head quarters of the Seinde Irregular Horse at Mecrpoor ; tiie whole, together with the fortress of Omer Kote, being placed under the command of Captain Jacob. Camp, Hyderabad, 8th April, 1843. My dear Jacob, With reference to vour letter of the 6th instant to Sir Charles Napier re- specting the force considered necessary to be left at Omer Kote, I am desired by His Excellency to state that he quite agiees with you, and you will therefore leave 30 suwars there, and he requests you will make any arrangements you may deem expedient for quieting the country ; avail yourself of the earliest means for getting your men and horses hutted. His Excellency will write to you himself on the subject of your entrenchments. Yours, very trulv, (Signed) W. M. G."McMURD0. THIRD SUPPLEMENT TO THE BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. SATURDAY, 2!)tli APRIL, 1843. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT, Bombay Cattle, 29th April, 18-13. The Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to re-publish for general information the following Notification issued by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, dated the '20th instant. By order of the Honorable the Governor in Council. J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. NOTIFICATION. By the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India. Agra, the 20tk April, 1843. A Despatch, from which the following is an extract, was this day received by the Governor-General, from Ilia Excellency Major-Gcneral Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India. J. THOMASON, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. D 1 b 36 RECORDS OF THE From Ilis Excellency Major-Gencral Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Governor of Scintle, to the Rislit Honorable Lord ELLENBOROUGH, Governor-General of India, &c., &c., &c. Meerpoor, 5th April, 1843. My Lord, I have the honor to report to your lordship that yesterday the fortress of Omer Kote opened its gates to the British force sent against it, and is in our hands. I have ordered a small garrison to hold it till further orders. Considerable difficulties have prevented our sooner getting hold of this most important place ; but the zeal and ability of the officers employed (Captain Whitlie commanding in the first instance and Major Woodburn afterwards) overcame these difficulties. In justice to Lieutenant Brown, my Aid-de- Camp, I must say that this success has been chiefly owing to his exertions and zeal. Having myself remained in a central position, to receive the earliest reports of the progress made by the inundation caused by the river Indus, and to direct the movements of the troops, which a deficiency of water towards Omer Kote obliged me to divide, I was unable to command in person the detachment which proceeded to Omer Kote. Being at Jourbee I received a despatch from Omer Kote, saying, that it was defended by a powerful garrison ; and at the same moment I received another from Hyderabad, to say, that the river was rising with unusual rapidity. It therefore became necessary to give up the idea of attacking Omer Kote, and I ordered a retreat, returning myself to this town. Just as my orders to retreat reached the advancing force (then within 20 miles of Omer Kote) another report reached the commanding officer that the fortress was abandoned ! Between this report and my order for him to retreat, the commanding officer was embarrassed, upon which Lieutenant Brown mounted his horse, and under the burning sun of this cUmate, rode 40 miles to Meerpoor, received my orders, and instantly returned, taking the supporting troops on the road along with him, and Omer Kote was taken. Justice to this officer has made me enter into a detail otherwise unnecessary ; but the man who rides 80 miles without stopping, and in broad day, under a Scindiau sun, deserves this compliment. The importance of having Omer Kote in our possession is so great that it repays every inconvenience. Eraam Ghur does not exist, and I believe that no other rallying point remains in the desert for the defeated Ameer Shere Mahomed, who, as is generally supposed, will fly to the Punjab. Thus, my Lord, I think I may venture to say, Scinde is now subdued. The Scindian population everywhere express their satisfaction at the change of masters. I have, &c., (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Governor. (True extract.) J. THOMASON, Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General. (True copy.) n J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. 23rd April, 1843. Captain Jacob with Lieutenant Russell and a squadron of the Scinde IiTegular Horse proceeded fi'om Meerpoor towards Now Kote, to quell insurgents in that neighbourhood ; after making two marches from Meerpoor they were recalled by express fi-oni the General, and returned to Meerpoor without meeting an enemy. 24th April. Licutcnant Fitzgerald by Captain Jacob's orders arrived at Meerpoor with the squadron from Omer Kote, lea\dng a detachment of 30 men of the Scinde In-egular Horse with the company of the 21st at the latter place. 25tii April. Lieutenant Malcolm rejoined the regiment. Lieutenant Fitzgerald proceeded to Sukkur to bring down the families of the men of the regiment which had been left at that place. jj„jj, Lieutenant Russell departed to rejoin the 12th regiment Bombay Native In- fantry, and Captain Jacob issued the following Regimental Order : — SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob. Meerpoor, 14th May, 1843. Lieutenant Russell, acting Adjutant to the corps, being about to rejoin his regiment, the Commanding Officer cannot permit him to depart without a public expression of his thanks for the valuable assistance and cordial support he has at all times met with from him. Lieutenant Russell has acted as Adjutant to the regiment in two pitched battles, and through all the arduous duties which fell to the lot of the regiment during the campaign in Scinde. He has at all times shewn himself a steady, brave and active soldier in the field, and has performed the less brilliant duties of a Regimental Staff Officer with a cheerful alacrity and imtiring zeal, worthy of the highest praise. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 37 Lieutenant Russell's depai-tuie from the ve2:iment will be rci^retted, not only by the Commanding Officer, but by every member of the corj)s. He carries with him the respect and good wishes of all, and his name will be always associated in their memoiT with the most glorious days of the Scinde Irregular Horse. Lieutenant Malcolm will be pleased to act as Adjutant to the regiment until the return of Lieutenant Fitzgerald from Sukkur. By order, (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant S. L H. ♦ A detachment of 400 infantry with two guns under command of Lieutenant yth juue, is43. Sir Francis Ford, Bart., of the 20th regiment Native Infantry, arrived at Meerpoor, to form with the Scinde Horse, a force ordered to take the field under command of Captain Jacob against Meer Shere Mahomed, on which subject the ibllowing letters were i-eceived fi'om Sir Charles Napier : — Hyderabad, 2nd June, 1843. My dear Jacob, If I send you four companies do you thmk you could do anything in rear of Sherc Mahomed. He is now some few coss from Sukkurund. I have sent all the boats to Sehwan where Roberts is, to cross him over to the north of Sukkurund ; when there he will write to me, and I think you and I might make a demonstration in his favor. Let me know" what you think as soon as you can. Yours truly, C. NAPIER. You are to be increased. This will be your head quarters. I am trying to pre])are for you. Cannot you thatch your tents ? I will sanction any expense. Yours, C.N. Meerpoor, 5, p.m., 3rd June, 1843. My dear General, Your letter of the 2nd has just reached mc. I think we could certainly make -ir'i lu"'-. i84;i. a most effective demonstration fi'om Meer})oor. If you could give me a couple of guns, as well as the four companies, it would, I think, have the best effect, as Shere Mahomed's people would then consider us an army. I am delighted to hear you are well enough to think of moving again. We have no tents to thatch except a few belonging to some ol the native officers, but I doubt not but that we shall weather it out. 1 have just heard that one of the Mcer's agents is at a place some 25 miles to the northward of this with 80 or 100 horsemen, collecting men and seizing grain. I send a party in that direction to get some information to night. Yours verv sincerely, J. JACOB. Hyderabad, June 4th, 1843. My dear Jacob, You shall have two six-poimders ; they and the four companies infantry 4th June, i843. march this evening, and will be with you on the 7tli ; and on the 8th I wish you to march in the direction of Kohera, or Koonhera, or whatever that rendezvous of the Ameer is called. My reason is this — Colonel Roberts will have the steamers and boats at Sehwan this evening. I think he will be across the river by the 7th, bodily, and land somewhere north of Sukkurund (say Doom), and 1 shall desu-e him to march against Shere Mahomed on the 8th, if he is able to tight him. On the same day (8th) I shall push the 8th Native Infantry towards Aliar ke Tanda, to prevent Shere Mahomed crossing our line and getting down to the south . I am very doubtful of being able to do this, as, if these wild chaps disperse, no regular troops can stop them ; however, we may try. d2 Qtrog on » 38 RECORDS OF THE On the 9th, I will move hy the north-east through Dubba towards Shah i Kaut, which is east of Muttaree, the 8th Native Infantry doing the same to join uic ; by this I shall be able, perhaps, to block him to the south, and you will act as you find best on the east. Whether you can reach Kohera or not I fear is very doubtful ; I suspect not. OBSERVATIONS. 1. — I suspect the movement of troops will produce either a surrender or a dis- persion. If a surrender, the job is done ; if a dispersion, we shall be bothered ! To provide for the latter let me have your opinion on the practicability of your going to Kohera, and leaving the four companies in it, and throwing up works. Is there a fort ? I think there is. We have reason to believe there is water. If I send sappers and miners, could the officer get workmen ? It is worth while to turn these matters in your mind and get what information you can upon them, in case the Ameer's force should disperse, which is his game if he knows how to play it. I would much rather see him with 40,000 men in one point. I like this fellow, for his resolute resistance. I will give him safe conduct if he will come and see me. Yours always truly, C. NAPIER. Hyderabad, 6th June, 1843. My dear Jacob, fith June, 1S43. I hear that 2,000 Beloochees are at Nussurpoor, one march northward of Aliar ke Tanda. I have therefore halted the 400 infantry there at Aliar with the two guns. Do you also remain quiet till you hear fi'om me. I want to see my board a little more clearly before I attack Shere Mahomed ; it is no joke hunting him in this weather. I shall wait till I hear from Roberts that he is , fairly across the river and on our side. Should anything you hear make you think it right to move, I leave the doing so to your own discretion, but in that case send to let me know as rapidly as you can. Every account I can get seems to say he has 1 ,200 people, but not above 800 of these are fighting men. The officer. Sir Francis Ford, who commands the 400 infantry and two guns, is ordered to obey any orders you send to him. Yours truly, C. NAPIER. Hyderabad, 8th June, 1843. My dear Jacob, Kih June, 1843. Wc havc information that there is not a man at Nussurpoor ! I will keep you informed of all I hear daily ; but I think your left flank will be quite safe now. I must abide news from hour to hour. I thiiik it possible that Roberts wiU at once attack ; if any reports tend to that supposition I will let you know. I shall order your 400 men and the guns to join you directly, in order that you may be ready to move ; hearing of the supposed force at Nussurpoor made me halt them. Yours truly, C. NAPIER. Hyderabad, 9th June, 1843. My dear Jacob, 'jtii juiu-, 1843. I think you may as well advance as soon after this reaches you as you can, say to-morrow night. We have a story that the Ameer is at Hala ; if so, he is dodging out of Roberts's reach, and yet cannot make up his mind to quit the river. Now, he must have one of the two following motives for this, because it is the worst position he can take : — 1st. — His family are on the opposite bank and he wants to get to them. 2nd. — He has not water enough in the desert. There may be a third, namely,. that he wished his brother Shah Mahomed to cross over to him with reinforcements ; but I do not believe that this would affect him, because he must see that the steamers prevent this, and that I have destroyed or carried off all the boats. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 39 If he wants to join his family, he will escape alone and his people disperse. If he is pushed for water, he has no choice and must remain between Roberts's colunm, yours and mine, and will inevitably be destroyed, as far as military cal- culation goes. Now, I would like, generally speaking, to force my enemy to do what he did not like ; on this doctrine I would try to force him to the desert, but stronger reasons make me prefer pushing him towards the river ; if he gets into the desert he may perish for want of water, or disperse and assemble in our rear, or any other convenient place ; but if I get him down on the river, I shove him into it, and finish the war at a blow ! I do not want to drown him if he and his people surrender, but I would rather drown them all than let them escape, which would produce a much greater loss of life in the long run. If he will surrender I will give him terms, the best that I can get from Lord EUenborough for him, to reward his courage. I will keep this open to tlie latest period I can to-day to tell you my news should any come ; and if you get athwart him do vour best to pi-event him getting into the desert. The FuUailee is impassable. 1 shall send some of my people across to-night. Send the eossids as you advance as often as you can ; I shall do the same by you. You may trv to commimicate in the same way with Roberts, if possible. A steamer has just arrived with Shah Mahomed prisoner! Roberts surprised 9th June, 1843. him in his camp, 15 miles fi-om Sehwan. Walter, of the 3rd, charged smack into the camp, and took the Shah prisoner, and all his standards and two guns, and cut up his Beloochees. No one killed on our side. Lancaster slightly wounded. Roberts will be across this evening, and will bother brother Shere I suspect, who will and you will hunt him by the scent ! Between you and Roberts, Shere Mahomed has a good chance of being picked up. Yours truly, (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. On the evening of the 10th June, Captain Jacob with the force under his com- loth June, i843. mand mai-ched from Meerpoor, and on the 13th arrived at Sha-Dad-Poor, where he halted. Early on the morning of the 14th, Meer Shere Mahomed with his whole army, moved down on Captain Jacob's detachment, with the hope of surprising it in its camp before daylight. Captain Jacob receiAdng timely information of the Meer's approach, left his camp and moved out to meet him ; he surprised and attacked the Beloochee army on its line of march and totally defeated it. The particulars of the action are given in the following despatches. From various causes the march both of Sir C. Napier and Colonel Roberts was delayed beyond the appointed time, so that the General, instead of leaving Hyderabad on the 10th of June, did not reach Nussurpoor (twenty miles distant) until the night of the 14th, and Colonel Roberts could not cross the Indus till many davs after the action with Shere Mahomed, so that Captain Jacob was thrown completely on his own resources, no assistance being within eflective reach. »3 40 RECORDS OF THE THE I BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA R D I N A B Y. SATURDAY, 15th JULY, 1843. NOTinCATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT, Bombay Castle, \4th July, 1843. The Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to publish for general information the two following connnunications from His Excellency Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B., Governor of Scinde, to the Adjutant-General of the army, Bombay, dated the 20th ultimo, together with the documents therein alluded to. By order of the Honorable the Governor in Council, L. U. REID, Chief Secretary to Government. No. 425. Head Quarters, Hyderabad, 2Qth June, 1843. Sir, I do myself the honor to transmit to you the enclosed copy of a despatch from Captain Jacob, commanding- Scinde Irregular Horse, dated Sha-Dad-Poor, 14th instant, which I beg you will sub- mit to His Excellency the Connuander in Chief. I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed) C. NAPIER, Major-General, To the Adjutant-General of the Army, Bombay. Governor of Scinde. From Captain J. JACOB, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Camp, Sha-Dad-Poor, to His Excellency Major-General Sir C. J. NAPIER, K.C.B., Governor of Scinde. Dated Camp, Sha-Dad-Poor, 14th June, 1843. Sir, I have the honor to repoi-t that I yesterday morning arrived at this place with the force under my command. During the day I received information that Meer Sliere Mahomed had marched from Hala, to a fort by name Oocleyra, some Ki or 17 miles south east from that place, I have not as yet been able to communicate with Colonel Roberts, but concluded that this movement of the Ameer's to the south- ward was caused by the apjiroach of the force under the Colonel from the north, and that in endeavouring to escape from it, he would inevitably fall into the hands of the troops advancing from Hyderabad ; wherefore, believing this place to be an excellent position for enabling me to intercept the Meer should he attempt to escape to the eastward, I determined to halt here. At about eleven o'clock last night a Brahmin servant of Shere Mahomed came to my camp, and informed me that the Meer was coming to attack me, with his whole force, amounting, he said, to S,()00 or 10,000 men. At about three o'clock this morning my piquets perceived the enemy coming on in considerable force, and after sending several parties to reconnoitre, finding that the enemy advanced very slowly, I left a troop and company to protect my cauij), and went out with the rest of the force under my command to attack hiin ; as" I advanced the Eeloochees formed on the bank of a Nullah in considerable strength, both horse and foot, with three guns, which immediately opened on us. The ground in front was of the most ditticidt nature, being rugged in the extreme, and mtersected with deep ravines ; as soon as I had formed my line and our guns commenced firing with some effect, I perceived the Beloochees moving off, and on my advancing with the Scinde Horse, they broke, dispersed, and fled in every direction, leaving their gnus and several standards in o\u- hands ; from tiie nature of the country, covered as it is with jungle and sand hillocks, and intersected with canals full of water, effective pursuit was impossible. Eive or six of the Belooches were killed by our artillery fire, and two horses of the Scinde Irregular Horse by tliat of the enemy. We have taken five prisoners, from whom, as well as from the Brahmin above mentioned, I learn that Meer Shere Mahomed lias fied with ten horsemen back to the river, and I therefore (I am happy to say) have succeeded in preveutiug his tiiglit to tlie desert, although unsuccessful in tiie attempt to capture his i)ers()n. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 41 The undermentioned Sirdars were present with Shere Mahomed's army : — Weer Sherc Mahomed Khan Mahomed Goolam Mahomed Luggaree Moorad AU (Chang) Meer Mahomed (Son of Meer Roostum) Mocr Mehrab Talpoorie JIahomed Sadick Mahomed Moossen (Brother-in-law of Mere Nussur Klian) The number of Beloochees actualh' present was about 4,000. The remainder of Slierc Mahomed's army and one gun was left at Andeyrah, or deserted him in the road. The Meer had but four guns in all. j The three taken are of brass and well equipped. The conduct of all officers and men under my command has been most steady and excellent throughout, but in an action such as that of this morning, ' there is no room for the display of much military prowess. I My intention is to remain at this place until I can communicate with Colonel Roberts, or until I shall I receive other orders from yourself. 1 have good information that Shere Mahomed's family, &c. are at a fort called Knimee, in the middle of the hills, about 12 miles from Sehwan, and that the Meer will certainly attempt to cross the river to join them, and not Hy to the desert without them. I have, &c. Camp, Sha-Dad-Poor, 14th June, 1843. (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain, Commanding Scinde Irregular Uorse. (True Copy) (Signed) E. GREEN, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. (True Copy) (Signed) P. McPUERSON, Major, Military Secretary. , RETURN of Guns captured in action at Sha-Dad-Poor, on the morning of the 14lh June, 1843, by the detachment under the command of Captain Jacob. Sha-Dad-Poor, 14th June, 1S43. No. Description of Guns. Diameter of Bore. Length. Remarks. 1 Brass Gun . . 2 „ « 3 1 « „ : : Inches. 3 3 2t^o Feet. 3 3 4 Inches. «T«0 6 5 Serviceable, complete with limber and ammunition. (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain, (i>igned) D. GAYE, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Commanding Artillery detachment. (True Copy.) (True Copy.) (Signed) P. McPHERSON, Major, (Signed) E. GREEN, Captain, Military Secretary. Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. No. 42G. From His Excellency Major-General Sir C. NAPIER, K.C.B., Governor of Scinde, to the Adjutant- General of the Army, Bombay. Dated 20th June, 1843. Sir, I do myself the honor to transmit to you the enclosed copy of a despatch from Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts dated Shewan, 8th June, 1843, which I beg you will submit to His Excellency the Commander- in-Chief. I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) C. NAPIER, Major-General, Head Quarters, Hyderabad, 20th June, 1843. Governor of Scinde. Sir, ("amp, Sehwan, 8th June, 1843. I have the honor to inform you, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, that I marched at 12 o'clock this morning, with the details as per margin,* to attack jleer Shah Mahomed, who was encamped at " Peer Arres," a place under the hills, about 14 miles to the westward, with 2,000 men. 2. — At daylight we were still at a distance of between two and three miles, and on approaching near his ])osition, which was a large oblong enclosure of fine trees, surrounded by a thick and almost iTnpcnitrable hedge, I could perceive the enemy were retreating, and at this time 1 re(niested Captain Walter to lead his troop to the left, and if possible j)rcvent their doing so, and turn them across our right. 3. — I have the honor to enclose Captain Walter's account of his proceedings. 4. — .\t the same time the detachment advanced steadily on the right, and Major Blood's battery and the right wing of the l.ith regiment Native Infantrv, under Major Benbow, covered by the light company of the 20th regiment Native Infantry, under Captain Bavnes, and the whole supported by the grenadier company 20th regiment Native Infantry, under Captain Keily, two companies of tiie bth regiment Native Infantry, inider Lieutenant Johnstone, advanced in eehellon on the centre and right of the enemy's position, on gaining which we halted, and the others (the ligiit comjiany) advanced a considerable distance. d4 * Major Blood's Bat- tery — 4 Guns. Capt.Walter's Troop. 3r(l Kogt.l.t. Cavalry. ."5 Coiiipanifs 6th Rogt. N. I. 2 ('ompanies l.'jth do. 2 Companies 20th do. 42 RKCORDS OF THE ,"). — A party of the grenadier company 20th regiment Native Infantry were ordered to scour the enclosure, and here, I am happy to say, they discovered Meer Shah Mahomed under some very thick bushes. He at first refused to surrender, but he eventually did so to Captain Fraser, 23rd regiment Bombay Light Infantry. I beg to enclose a letter from Captain Keily on this subject. 6. — The "result of the expedition has been the capture of Meer Shah Mahomed, his guns and standard, and the total dispersion of his force, together with the release of some horsemen of His Highness Meer Ali Moorad, taken prisoners by the enemy on the 6th instant. 7. — The loss of the enemy was great, about ninety dead on the field, and we have seventeen pri- soners ; our own loss, as you will observe by the return, has been trifling. . 8. — I beg to bring to the notice of His Excellency the valuable services rendered me by Major ' Benbow, loth regiment Native Infantry, INIajor Blood, Artillery, Captain Keily, 20th regiment Native Infantry, and Lieutenant Johnstone, of the (Jth regiment Native Infantry, and I cannot sufficiently express my admiration of the gallant conduct of Captain Walter, who charged with his small but intrepid band into the midst of a large body of the enemy. 9. — I have also to bring to the notice of His Excellency the great assistance rendered by Captain | Mayor, Major of Brigade, Captain Baynes, Assistant Quarter- jNIaster-Geueral, who also took command I of the advance, consisting of the light company 20th regiment Native Infantry, and of Captain Eraser's 23rd regiment Light Infantry, and of the Assistant Commissary-General, who kindly volunteered his services on my Staff. 10. — I must not forget to mention the important services I have received from a Patau, by name Aliff Khan, well known to many officers at the Sukkur Agency. His information principally led to the success we have met with, and when with Captain Walter he killed four of the enemy. 1 1 . — I regret extremely to have to inform you, that two European artillery men died of " Coup de Soleil," the heat after nine o'clock became most awful, and the whole detachment much distressed by the time we returned to this place at one o'clock p.m. Had we moved with camp equipage, &c., the operation could not have been accomplished with that secrecy necessary to ensure success. 12. — There was no valuable property, and I burned as much as I could not remove from the spot ; a few camels I have transferred to the Commissariat Department ; some tattoos, mules, swords, and matchlocks will be sold this evening by public auction. I have, &c.. To Captain GREEN, (Signed) H. G. ROBERTS, Lieutenant-Colonel, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Hyderabad. Commanding Field Brigade, Sehwan. To Captain MAYOR, Brigade-Major F.F. Sir, ' In accordance with orders received from Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts, I advanced on the morning i of the 8th of June with the troop under my command, for the purpose of holding in check the enemy under Meer Shah jNIahomed, until the arrival of the remainder of the force ; on approaching the spot towards which I had seen small bodies retreating, and perceiving larger parties dispersing to the right and left, I attacked a party of horse and foot to the number of about 250, who were drawn up in rear of two guns, which they discharged at the moment of my passing. I succeeded in cutting up between 70 or 80, and their loss would have been greater, but for the thick jungle which favored their escape. I am happy in being able to report that all under me did their duty. I do myself the honor to for- ward casualty rolls of men and horses. I have, &c.. Camp, Sehwan, 9th June, 1843. (Signed) G. WALTER, Captain, 3rd Regiment Light Cavalry. I trust I may be allowed to bring to the notice of Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts, the gallant conduct of the Puttan Sirdar AliflF Khan, who led me to the spot where I foinid the enemy, and who was side by side with me during the skirmish. (Signed) G. WALTER, Captain, 3rd Regiment Light Cavalry. Camp, Sehwan, 9th June, 1843. To Captain MAYOR, Major of Brigade, Sehwan. Sir, In compliance with yesterday's orders, I do myself the honor to state, that the sub-division of the grenadier company, which I detached, at the desire of Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts, commanding, for the purjjose of searching the garden or burial ground occupied by Meer Shah Mahomed and his followers, fortunately discovered him concealed in some thick underwood, together with three or four servants. On seeing the Sepoys he raised his giui, and one of his followers drew his sword, the men supposing that he intended opposition levelled their Muskets and would have shot him, had he not called out that he was the Jleer, and Captain Fraser coming up at the time, he delivered up his sword to him. I consider that the men shewed great forbearance in not firing, as they had been much exasperated at the conduct of a Beelooch, who only a few minutes before (after firing was over) had jumped out of a bush and severely wounded Lieutenant Lancaster, the Acting Adjutant, in the arm. He was, how- ever, immediately afterwards killed by a Sepoy named Khyroola Khan, who most probably saved that officer's life. I beg to forward the arms taken from the Meer and his followers, viz. : — 1 English double-barrel Gun. 1 Matchlock with flint lock and silver clasps. 2 Swords, one with a gilt handle ; the Meer's sword was delivered over fn him yesterday. I have, &c., (Signed) J. R. KEILY, Captain, Commanding 20th Regiment Native Infantry. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 43 CASUALTY ROLL of Killed and Wounded in Action with Lieutenaut-Colonel Roberts's Brigade at Peer Aaree, on the 8th June, 1843. Camp, Sehwan, 8th June, 18-13. 5 Wounded. o o to tn O a Detail. c cs S u 3 to a K o o Remarks. 3rd company 1st battalion Artillery . . Captain Walter's troop 3rd regiment ) Light Cavalry Detachment (ith regiment N. Infantry. . Do. l.ith do. do. Do. 2Uth do. do. 1 2 c 1 7 7 ( 1 Havildar dangerously, 1 Ilaviklar, \ .5 Troopers severely, and 1 Trooper ( slightly wounded. ( Lieut, and Adjt. Lancaster severely ( wounded. Total 1 2 6 (Signed) To Captain MAYOR, Brigade Major. (Signed) H. G. ROBERTS, Lieutenaut-Colonel, Commanding Field Brigade, Sehwan. (True Copy.) EDWARD GREEN, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. RETURN of Ordnance captured on the morning of the 8th June, 1843, in the Camp of Meer Shah Mahomed, by a force under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Roberts. Sehwan, 9th June, 1843. No. Diameter of Bore. s 60 a Length of Piece. 11 Nature of Ordnance. Iron. Iron. A quantity of .Ammunition for the above Ordnance was also taken and destroyed. (Signed) C. BLOOD, Major. Commanding 3rd Company 1st Battalion Artillery. (Signed) II. G. ROBERTS, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Brigade. (True Copy.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. (True Copies.) L. R. REID, Chief Secretarv. I 44 RECORDS OF THE Hyderabad, 12th June, 1843. My dear Sir, The General received to-day your letter of yesterday, and is much pleased at your having got so far on your road. He is very much vexed at the bad state of the camels sent to you ; as he had taken particular care to order proper ones for you and plenty of them. I enclose a letter on the subject from Captain Blenkins. He blames the contractor ; the contractor blames Sir Francis Ford. This is a matter of opinion ; but how are we to make the two accounts of the number of Puckall camels square, unless some died or deserted on the road ? However, the contractor has sent off to-day a man to Koheran, to collect camels for you. He will reach Koheran to-morrow, and promises immediately to supply you with as many as you require. In the meantime you have Sir Charles's permission to rob, murder, steal, hang, and anything else, to procure carriage ; you may do anything if you can but catch Shere Mahomed ; do this, and all your crimes will be pardoned. Roberts is at Sukkurund to-day or to-morrow. By to-morrow night you will be not far from Koheran. Shere Mahomed's followers have mostly abandoned him, and he will try to bolt up the desert. He fears the river and Koheran, and I don't think he will venture south. His brother Shah is here, — a regular spoon. Shere will not be caught so easily. Ever yours, WM. NAPIER. PS. — Pin all the families of the chiefs who are with Shere Mahomed, at least as many as you can guard. The ladies, of course, are to be free and protected ; dont . To Captain Jacob, Commandins: the S. I. H. 'o Hyderabad, 17th June, 1843. My dear Sir, 1 7tii June, 1S43. Thc General has received all your letters and triplicate of your despatch. He congratulates you from his heart on your glorious \nctory over the Ameer. When we arrived at Nussurpoor on the evening of the 14th he intended pushing on himself with the cavalry and artillery to your assistance, as there were reports that you were hard pressed. However, the true reports arrived during the night, and we remained where we were. Next morning the General was attacked by coup de soleil, and was unable to move. He however wrote to you through McMurdo, and in the evening your despatch arrived, which did him as much good as Dr. Gibbon. He immediately ordered all the Europeans back, and the remainder of the force to follow. Green wrote to you that night to return to Meerpoor, or to do as you thought best. We brought the General back the same night ( 1 5th) in a dooly, and I am happy to say that he is out of all danger and rapidly recovering. To-morrow your despatch goes to Lord EUenborough. Tiie 28th lost one oificer and 21 men on the expedition, all from apoplexy; they lost 1 1 in Hyderabad during the same period, from the same cause. The General desires you will give the Brahmin 100 rupees for his services. He is delighted with your victory, and would wTite himself, but we do not allow him to do much business. One or two days' rest will put him to rights. Rathbone has information that Shere Mahomed has tied to the desert, finding it impossible to cross the Indus, which is admirably watched by Lieutenant Frushard, who has succeeded Captain Nott. If this be tnie, you may catch him, but the General leaves your movements entirely in your own hands to do as you think best. There is a troop of the 9th cavalry somewhere near Muttaree to be under your orders. Send to the officer commanding (a native) to give him your orders, as the Adjutant-General's letter did not reach him. Fitzgerald arrived to-day from Sukkur with your field guns. He starts im- mediately, either to join you or to look after Shere with some Khyheeree liorsemen. Ali Morad will soon be brought to his senses. I do not think that I have any thing more to say, except to beg of you to excuse this scrawl, but it is late and I am tired. To Captain Jacob, Very faithfully yours. Commanding the S. I. H. (Signed) " WM. NAPIER. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 45 Hyderabad, 18th June, 1843. Mv DEAR Sir, It is confidently believed, that some of your men have taken Shore Ma- isth June, i843. Iioined prisoner. Rathbone has written to you, I believe, on the subjeet. The General leaves your movements entirely to your own judgment, and has caused you to l)c written to once or twice to that effect. But if you do not want tlic guns and infimtry you had better send them back. I am hapi)y to say the General is much better ; your defeat of Shere Mahomed icured him. To Captain Jacob, Sincerely yours, Commanding the S. I. H. WM. NAPIER. Hyderabad, 18th June, 184-3. Sir, The general congi-atulates you upon the capture of two more guns of Meer Shere Mahomed's. His Excellency wishes you to keep the guns which you took at Meerpoor for the present. If you think you can spare the infantry and the two guns attached to your force, you are to send them back to Hyderabad. I have the honor to be, Su', To Captain Jacob, Your most obedient Sei-vant, Commanding S. I. H., Meerpoor. WM. NAPIER. Sending the Infantry and Artillery with the five guns captured from Meer Shere i9th June, 184.-?. Mahomed to Hyderabad, Captain Jacob marched to Meerpoor witli the Scinde Horse. The regiment was now ordered to Hyderabad, where it arrived on the 7th July, 7th Juiy, i843. 1843, and was quartered in a village (Tanda) near the fort. Lieutenant Fitzgerald joined head quarters of the regiment and resumed his duties as adjutant. Some days afterwards a letter from Lord Ellenborough concerning a proposed augmentation and re-organization of the regiment was sent to Captain Jacob bv H. E. the governor of Scinde for his remarks. LETTER. Extract from a letter from the Rujht Honorable Remarks hij Captai/i Jacob, Commanding Scinde the Governor-General of India to Major-General Irregnlar Horse. Sir C. Napier, K. C. B., Governor of Scinde, dated Agra, lOM Maij, 1813. The rates of pay are somewhat loner, but the Experience shows that the sum of 30 rupees a rates of pay which are fully efficient for a regiuient month is not more tlian sufficient to enable a raised in Bengal when serving beyond the Indus horseman to maintain himself efficiently in this must be ample for a regiment of Scinde Cavalry country; of this sum 10 rupees is considered the serving in Scinde. Besides, the more onerous pay of the man, and 20 rupees as that of the Sil- duty, that of serving in the country beyond Shikar- lidar for the support of his horse. For a consi- poor, is never likely to be required from the Scinde derablc period in Cutchee a Siilidar of the Scinde Worse. Horse could make nothing by his horse, his whole pay was expended in its keep monthly ; and even in Scinde, under the most favorable circumstances, he can never clear above five rupees a monlff; the average is indeed considerably lower lh;ai this. This snm monthly is all that lie has to meet the expense of purchasing his horse in the first in- stance, and of replacing it afterwards as often as lost, except on actual service, in which latter case he receives assistance from Government ; but even then the sum allowed ( I'J.i rupees) is not sufficient for the purchase of a horse of a projier descri])tion. The average price of tlie horses in the S. I. II. is very nearly 200 rupees. Horsemen in Seiude certainly cannot keep them- selves efficiently mounted, as those of the Scinde Horse now are, on less than the present allowance ; 4G RECORDS OF THE I further prefer the establishment of a regiment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry to either of the estab- lishments projioserl, because, in proportion to the total number of men, there is a larger number of grades to which some higher amount of pay is attached. There will obviously too be a convenience in having hereafter the pay of the Scinde Horse and of the Bengal Irregular Cavalry th? same, as it is far from improbable that occasions may occur on which they may serve together. The proposition of Captain Jacob is, in fact, to have two regiments of Pcinde Horse, each as strong as the one regiment formerly proposed, with as many European officers to each regiment as a re- giment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry has ; and, be- sides, a conmiandant and adjutant for the whole. Considering the number of di'tachments there must be, I am not disposed to object to this establisiiment ; nor, considering the reasons you have assigned for it, am I disposed to object to raising the strength of the whole corps to 1,200 men, but I should wish that the pay which those now belonging to the Scinde Horse receive in ex- cess of the pay beyond the Indus, if the Bengal Irregular Cavalrv, as shown in the enclosed paper.* The estaljlishment too slionld be assimilated to that of the Bengal irregular Cavalry in all respects, unless there should exist some special reason with which 1 am unacquainted for de])arting from it. ' Printed as in the Originid Copy. the reduction in their pay must necessarily be followed by the introduction of an inferior descrip- tion of animal. Again, with regard to the pay of the men, it should be considered that, for 10 rupees a month, the horseman has to keep himself fullv clothed, armed and accoutred, and that the men of the Scinde Horse are certainly more efficiently and expensivelv armed than those of the Bengal Irre- gular Cavalr\'. The latter carry matchlocks, the S. I. H. carbines, and those of a costly kind, ex- cellent percussion arms having been lately procured for them from England. Aloreover, the men of the S. I. H. serving permanently at a distance from their native places are put to far greater ex- pense with their families than are the Bengal sol- diers when temporarily so employed. In the latter case the wives and children remain comfortablv at their homes, and in the former they must either never see their husbands. Sec. at all or must be with them in Scinde, and be occasion- ally moved about at an enormous expense and in- convenience. The total amount of the cost to the State of a regiment of Irregidar Horsemen on the scale pro- posed, after all exceeds that of a regiment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry in a very trifling degree. Total monthlv pay to a regiment of ) Irregular Cavalry of 600 \ 18,825 rs. Bengal horses Ditto, of 600 of the Scinde Horse on the proposed scale 19,9i:) Difference .... 1,090 This is exclusive of all pay and allowances to Eu- ropeans. The pay of the native officers, particu- larly those of the higher ranks in the Bengal Irregular Cavalry, seems to be on too low a scale ; on these officers more than on anything depend the fidelity and good conduct of the men ; their influence supplies the place of the strict discipline and minute drilling of the regular army. They cannot be made too much of in order to induce men of property and family to enter the service ; for such men when also good soldiers are invaluable in an irregular corps. The inconvenience arising from two regiments occasionallv serving together on slightly different rates of pav will surelv not be comparable to that caused by having different rates of pay among the men of the same regiment who are constantly mixed up together in the perforniauce of the same duties; such an arrangem.ent cannot but be the source of continual ill will to each other, and dis- content with the service. If the present rate of pay be finally disallowed, it will be far better to raise a new corps altogether, having no connection whatever with the present regiment of Scinde Horse. The pay of none of the European officers should be less than .OOO rupees a month; with less than this amount of pay an oflicer of Irregular Cavalry cannot in this country mount and maintain him- self respectably and efficiently ; to do his work properly he should keep three good horses., He is always on the move ; his carriage and camp equipage must at all times and seasons be ready for instant use, and supplies of all kinds, even to the necessaries of fife, are much more expensive than in India. The rates of jiay allowed for regimental estab- lishment with a regiment of Irregular Cavalry, with the exception of the pay of the Persian and English writers, are so low that the establishment would be a nullity in this countr)-. I SCTNDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 47 It aj)pcars desirahle that if guns should he at- tachi'd to the Sciude Horse, an officer of Artillery should have charge of the l)attery. The j)ay of the Jemadar, Duiledar, and Suwars of the hattery, which, in Captain Jacob's ])lan, is assimilated to that of persons holding; the corresponding stations in the Scinde Horse, should be made the same as jthat of the Jemadar, Duffedars and Suwars of the Bengal Irregular Uorse. The rates of pay to servants in the Bombay Presidency are more than doidde those of the corresjionding classes in Bengal ; take, for instance, the most useful of all public followers, the Bhees- ties ; the pay of each of these allowed to a Bengal regiment is -1^ rupees, but in the Bombay army it is 10 rupees, and that of a Puckalee (the only kind of Bheestie of much iise with a cavalry re- giment) 15 rupees ; and no man could be procured in Scinde or the Bombay Presidency to do the work for less. The reasons adduced against the reduction of pay to the new Ressala a{)ply even more forcibly to the men to be employed with the artillery than to the others. It will be no easy matter under any circumstances to convert Irregular Horsemen into tolerably efficient Horse Artillery men, but if the latter are to receive less pay than the ordinary Suwars, and thence considered as belonging to an inferior service, the task will be hopeless and it will be better not to attempt it. (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain, Commanding S. I. II. A troop under command of Lieutenant Fitzgerald proceeded to Kurrachee as 29th August, i84,3. escort to H. E. the Governor of Scinde. Lieutenant Malcolm, 2nd in command, appointed to act as Adjutant during the 1st September, i843. absence of Lieutenant Fitzgerald. Bombay Castle, 7th September, 1S43. The Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to re-publish for general i itii September, is-is. information the following General Orders, issued by the Government of India on the 18th ult., publisiiing a letter from the Honorable the Court of Directors of the 5th of the preceding month, announcing the honors and distinctions conferred by Her most gracious Majesty, on the officers who distinguished themselves at the battles of Meeanee and Hyderabad on the 1 7th of February and the 24th of March last. By order of the Honorable the Governor in Council, (Signed) J. L. REID, Chief Secretary to Government. GENERAL ORDERS (Extract) by the Right Honorable tlie Governor-General of India in Council. Fort William, 18th August, 1843. 2. — ^The conduct of Brevet-Captain Jolm Jacob, of the Bombay Artillery, and of Lieutenant Joshua Tait, of the 0th Bombav Native Infantry, is considered to have entitled them to lionorary distinction, which cannot at present be conferred on account of their want of rank. His Grace the Commander-in-Chief has how- ever announced his intention of recommending both these officers for the brevet i"ank of major, and for tlic companionshi|) of the Order of the Bath, after they shall have been promoted to the regimental rank of captain. [Signed) G. SANDERS, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, Military Department. The rcijimcnt luovcd out of thcTanda in which it was quartered, and encamped i5th September, 1843. on the hill to the north of the town of Hyderabad. Permanent lines ordered to be built on that spot commenced upon. [ 48 RECORDS OF THE Bombay.— GENERAL ORDERS, by the Commander-in-Chief. Head Quarters, Poona, 28th October, 1843. 22nd September, 1843. The Commander-in-Chief has much satisfaction in re-pubhshing for general in- formation of the army the following extract fi-om General Orders, issued by His Excellency Major-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., Governor of Scinde, to the, troops under his command, dated the 17th instant: — Head Quai-ters, KuiTachee, 17th October, 1843. EXTRACT from GENERAL ORDERS, by His ExceUency Major-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., Governor of Scinde. No. 1. The following letter and notification received from the Governor in Council of Bombay are published for general information. To His Excellency Major-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., Governor of Scinde, Sir, We have the highest gratification in transmitting to your Excellency thi'ee" copies of a reprint of the general orders issued by the Right Honorable the Go- i vernor of India in Council on the 22nd ultimo, publishing to the array an extract! fi-om a letter from the Honorable the Court of Directors, dated the 2nd August last, announcing that Her Majesty and the Honorable Court have resolved to confer medals on the gallant troops who were engaged in the battles of Meeaneei and Hyderabad. 2.- — In forwarding this General Order we gladly avail ourselves of the oppor- tunity afforded to us of offering to your Excellency our warmest congi-atulations on the occasion of so gi-atifying a testimony being accorded by Her Majesty and the Honorable the Court of Directors of the high approbation of the valuable services principally rendered by the troops of this presidency, on the above memorable occasion, and reflecting such lustre on the able and gallant com- manders under whom these glorious victories were won. I have the honor to be. Sir, Yom- most obedient Servant, Bombav, 5th October, 1843. (Signed) G. W. ARTHUR, G. W. ANDERSON. J. H. CRAWFORD. No. 2. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Tlie Honorable the Governor in Council has the highest gratification in re- publishing for general information the following general orders by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India in Council, under date the 22nd ultimo. Bv order, (Signed) " J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretary to Government. GENERAL ORDERS by the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India in Council. No. 205 of 1843. Fort William, 22nd September, 1843. Tlie Right Honorable the Governor-General of India in Council has great pleasure in publishing to the army the following paragraphs of a military letter. No. 13, from the Honorable the Court of Directors, to the Governor- General of India in Council, dated the 2nd August, 1843. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 49 Par. 1. — Wc have great satisfaction in acquainting you that the Queen has )een gi-aciously pleased to command that a medal, to commemorate the victories ^ined by the troops under ]\Iaior-General Sir Charles Napier shall be conferred on the otBccrs and private soldiers of Her Majesty's army engaged in the battles of Meeanee and Hyderabad. 2. — We have to announce that we have resolved, in commemoration of these )rilliant actions, and in testimony of our high approbation of the services rendered by the troops, European and Native, to cause an appropriate medal to be strack in silver, to be presented to all the officers and soldiers of the East India Company's army who were engaged on these memorable occasions. 3. — We have further the gratification to apprize you, that we have received the announcement that the Queen will graciously permit the officers, non-connnis- sioncd officers, and soldiers of our army, to whom we may grant the medal, to wear the same in all parts of Her Majesty's dominions. 4. — Wc shall take immediate measures for the preparation and despatch of the requisite number of medals. (Signed) G. SANDERS, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, Military Department. (True Copy.) (Signed) J. P. WILLOUGHBY, Secretaiy to Government. No. 3. The honors which the Queen and the Honorable Court of Directors have be- stowed on their faithful troops must animate us all with gratitude and with pride. To do our duty in a battle is a negative virtue. Cowards and traitors alone desert their colors. Her Majesty has a right to our best exertions without other reward than the glory which beams from victory . But the Sovereign has been graciously pleased to mark her approbation displayed by her united troops, in attacking enemies at once so numerous and so hardy. Let me, then, congratulate you all upon these glorious medals, the fruits of discipline, and those well-wielded weapons, the matchless musket and bayonet, which pour a double death upon an enemy — death by fire, and death by steel. It is when we receive honors and rewards that we should recur to the means by which they have been won. Thus do our minds gather confidence from re- flection ; and if again we have tlie good fortune to meet an enemy again we shall conquer. No. 4. The above order is to be most carefully translated, and read and explained to each regiment and detachment at a special parade ordered for the purpose. (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. (True Extract.) (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. By order of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, (Signed) STRATFORD POWELL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant- General of the Army. Lieutenant Fitzgerald left the regiment, and appointed deputy-collector in Scinde 2Gth August, is^s. by G. O., dated 26th August, 1843. Fifty men under Lieutenant Malcolm proceeded with General Simpson to kuu November, i843. Ahmed Khan. Lieutenant Malcolm returned from Ahmed Khan. The detachment of Horse ni. i),cemi»i-. isis. left at that place also returned on the 12th December, 1843. Doctor Campbell appointed to the regiment. 2»tii December, isi.i. 50 RECORDS OF THE .•5rd January, IS 11. Lieutenant Merewethei-, 21st regiment Native Infantiy, appointed Adjutant by G. O. by Major-General Sir Charles Napier, dated 27tli December, 1843, and joined 3rd January, 1844. Terrible sickness prevailed at this time in the regiment, as also among all the troops quartered at Hyderabad, and the country folk. 26th February, 1844. Lieutcnaut Malcolm appointed a deputy- collector in Scinde by G. O. of the Government of Scinde, dated 26th February, 1844. 29th February, 1844. 5th March, 1844. 1st April, 1844. May, 1944. 25th June, 1844. REGIMENTAL ORDER by Captain Jacob, Commanding S. I. H. Hyderabad, 29th February, 1844. On the departure of Lieutenant Malcolm from the regiment, the commanding officer feels it due to this officer to record the very high opinion he entertains of his services during the eventful period wherein he has been one of the Scinde Irregular Horse. Much and gallant service was performed by Lieutenant Malcolm wth the men of the regiment before Captain Jacob received the command. Of this it does not become him to speak : of Lieutenant Malcolm's services in Cutchee, public ac- knowledgment has already been made by Lieutenant-Colonel Outram, in his farewell letter to the regiment. Captain Jacob also feels that it would be some- thing like presumption in him to remai'k on the conduct of an officer, who, though lately under his command, is at least as experienced a soldier as himself. But it is nevertheless his duty to return warm and public thanks to Lieutenant Malcolm for the constant and cordial support and assistance he has at all times received from him, and to express his admiration of the ready and daring gallantry so often shown by him in the field, and of that less brilliant, though rarer and higher order of courage, calm enduring fortitude, the possession of which in an eminent degi-ee has so often been displayed by Lieutenant Malcolm, during his period of service with the regiment. The Commanding Officer cannot but feel the departure of Lieutenant Malcolm from among the officers of the Scinde Horse to be a most serious loss and injury to the corps, and regrets it more than he can attempt to express. Lieutenant Malcolm has, however, chosen for himself a new field of action, and it only remains to the Commanding Officer to bid him farewell, and to express his heartfelt wishes for his health and high fortune in whatever situation he may hereafter be placed. Bv order. (Signed) W. L. MEREWETHER, Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant, S. I. H. Lieutenant Carter, 12th regiment Bombay Native Infantry, appointed second in command of the Scinde Irregular Horse, by General Orders of the Government of Scinde, dated 5th March, 1844. Doctor Campbell proceeded on sick certificate by Brigade Orders, dated Hyder- abad, 1st April, 1844, and Assistant-Surgeon Burn, Madras 2nd Cavaliy, ap- pointed to the medical charge of the regiment by Brigade Orders of the 30th March, 1844. New lines for the regiment completed and occupied. Jemadar Meer Baber Ali discharged in disgrace. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, Commanding S. I. H. Kurrachee, 11th July, 1844. 1 . — Jemadar Meer Baber Ali having been convicted on the clearest e\adence before a Punchayet, of having, whilst commanding his troop on detachment at Kurrachee, been guilty of defrauding certain of tlie men under his command, whom it was his duty to have protected, thereby pro\'ing himself quite unfit for the place he held among officers or gentlemen, the Commanding Officer was under the painful necessity of recommending to Government his immediate discharge from the service. The following General Order on the subject has just been received, from the date of which the name of Jemadar Meer Baber Ali is to be struck off the strength of the regiment. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 51 Tlie Jemadai-'s hoi-scs and those hitherto borne in the name of his son are also luh JuK, i844. to be discharged, and the Assainces forfeited on the date of the pubHcation of this order at Hyderabad. The Conimandinj? Officer is greatly grieved at being compelled to remove from the regiment, in disgi'acc, an officer of high rank, long serxdce, and of hitherto excellent character, and he trusts that a necessity for such a severe measure may never again arise. Officers should avoid as much as possible all money transactions with the men under their conunand, but any approach to dishonesty in such or any other trans- actions, must infallibly bring disgi-ace and min on the guilty parties, whatever may have been their former rank, character, or ser\aces. By order, (Signed) " W. L. MERE^^^ETHER, Lieutenant-Adjutant, Seinde Irregular Horse. EXTRACT from General Orders by the Honorable the Govei-nor in Council. No. 411 of 1844. Bombay Castle, 25th June, 1844. Tlie Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to direct that Jemadar Meer Baber Ali, of the Seinde Irregular Horse, be discharged the SerN-ice. By order of the Honorable the Governor in Council, (Si.gned) P. MELVILLE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretaiy to Government. Reorganization of the regiment. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, commanding S. I. H. Hyderabad, 1st August, 1844. According to orders of the Government of India, the establishment of the regiment is fixed according to the following scale froni this date : — SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 1st August, 184-1. No. 1 1 6 12 6 36 6 7 926 12 2 2 Rank. Cost of each. Rs 2nd in Command Adjutant Russuldars .... Jemadars .... Kote Duffedars . . Duffedars Nishan Burdars. . Trumpeters .... Suwars do. Native Staff. Native Adjutant (non-efFective) Quarter-Master Head Mootasuddee Native Doctor .... Ditto 2nd class .... Compounders .... Establishment. Bheesties Puckal Do. Hospital Sweepers Contingencies. Contingent Allowance for extra Moata- suddces, Natives and Stationery .... Additional non-effective Trumpet- Major a. p. 1 Commandant 1000 Amount. Rs. 25 10 30 30 20 10 10 y .1 1 00 .5 Grand Total 3.503-4 1-1 P- 1000 JOO i 500 42(i j 426 10 150 1 900 75 ! 900 50 300 45 i 1620 35 II 210 30 ' 210 30 ' 27780 25 10 30 30 40 20 120 18 10 100 5 Total. Rs. P- 2456 14 Bv Order, (Signed) ' W. L. MEREWETHER, Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant. E 1 52 RECORDS OF THE 15th August, 1844. Lieuteiiant Carter resigned his appointment as second in command of the Scinde In-egular Horse. 18th August, 1844. Lieutenant Malcolm re-appointed second in command by General Order of the Government of Scinde, ISth August, 1844. 1 lib October, 1844. Lieutenant Merewether ordered to join the 21st regiment Native Infantry, on service in the Southern Mahrattah country. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, commanding S. I. H. 14th October, 1844. Hyderabad, October 14th, 1844. Lieutenant Malcolm will be pleased to act as Adjutant to the regiment during the absence of Lieutenant Merewether, or until further orders. By Order, (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant S. I. H. 22nd October, 1844. 'fhe regiment warned to proceed into the hills west of Kotree, for the pui-pose of accompanying H. E. Sir C. Napier, G.C.B., Governor of Scinde, en route to Sehwan, &c. 22nd October, 1844. Kurrachee, 22nd October, 1844. My dear Jacob, Look over the arsenal and tell me if you can fit out two three-pounders to go on camels — the gun on one, and the carriage on another. I think Bell has got two complete with carriages. This is your order for what he has. Yours, C. J. NAPIER. P.S. If I am right, take them over the river with you, with bullocks if you cannot tit them up for camels. 26th October, 1844. The regiment with two three-pounders on camels, and a ha-vildar's party of Golundauze attached, marched and crossed the Indus to Kotree, where it halted. No. 1024 of 1844. Assistant Quarter-Master-General's Office, 2nd November, 134 1. Head Quaitcrs, KuiTachce, 2nd November, 1844. Sir, I am directed by His Excellency Sir C. Napier, &c., &c., to request you will halt with the regiment under your command, at any place on the route to Kujjoor from Kotree yovi may deem best adapted to afford forage, water, &c., till His Excellency is " en route," or until further orders. To Captain Jacob, I have, &c. Commanding the S. I. H. (Signed) M. McMURDO, Captain, En route from Kotree to Kujjoor. Assistant Quarter-Master-General. 5th November, 1844. The regiment marched from Kotree into the hills, arrived at Dur on the 6th, and halted there till the 13th. EXTRACT from Brigade Orders by Lieutenant-Colonel Brown, C.B., Commanding at Hyderabad. 9th November, 1844. Hyderabad, 9th November, 1844. 4. — At the recommendation of the superintending surgeon, Assistant-Surgeon Ward, of the 2nd regiment Light Cavalry, is directed to proceed without delay and assume medical charge of the Scinde Irregular Horse, during the indisposition of Assistant-Surgeon Burn, or until further orders. (True extract.) (Signed) YOUNGHUSBAND, Lieutenant-Major of Brigade. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 53 The regiment reached Kujjoor on the 15th, and halted at that place till the i3th November, 1844. 23rd, on which day it marched to Pokun, and joined His Excellency Sir C. Napier, who aiTived at that place the same day from Ghybce Deyra. Accompanied His Excellency the Governor to Sehwan, where he arrived on 3rd December, 1844. the 29th, and on the 3rd December moved on, v'ia Lake Munchur, towards Lar- kana, which place was reached on the 13th December. '■■"'' December. 1844. No. 1126 of 1844. Sir, Assistant Quarter-Master-General's Office, Head Quarters, Camp, near Larkana, 13th December, 1844. i:Uli December, 1844. I have the honor, by desire of His Excellency the Governor of Scinde, to request that you will halt on your present gi-ound until further orders. I have, &c., To Captain Jacob, (Signed) M. McMURDO, Commanding the S. L H. Assistant Quarter- Master- General. 27th December. 1844. The Governor proceeded to Sukkur leaving the regiment halted at Larkana, where it remained till the 13th of January, 1845, when it marched with the Scinde i.ith January, i845. Camel Corps, European Volunteers, and the two three-pounder guns before men- tioned, to Kh\Tee Ghurree, en route to Cutchee. Concerning the movement of this force the following correspondence took place : — Sukkur, 27th December, 1844. My dear Jacob, Answer me the following questions if you can : — 1st. — Is there a road from Kusmore (which I believe to be our most northern point) to Deyrah ? 2nd. — If so, is it practicable for guns and cavalry, and is there water, and are there supplies to be had ? 3rd. — If there is no road from Kusmore, from what point on the right bank is there a road ? 4th. — Does the first road, if one exists, and if not, does the second road run through the Mooltan ten-itory ? 5th. — If you know the road, what style of country does it pass through ? 6th. — What is Deyrah, strong or weak — mud or stone ? Is the town inside the fort or outside ? Will the folks fight or not ? 7th. — If I were to offer the Boogtee territory to the Murrees, would they help us, by refusing any passage through their hills to Beejah's people ? 8th. — How are the roads from Poolijee to Devrah ? 9th. — Can I march either by that wliich runs south or that which runs north ? I ought to say as regards each other, for by your map they run east and west, but nearly parallel to each other. That which is most southerly runs by "Teyaga," (if you can trust to any names in a map) ; it seems the shorter of the two. Are there cross roads between them '? lOth. — What is the style of countiy? 1 1th. — Is there water ? 12th. — What number of men do you think sufficient to force through it in spite of Beejah Khan ? Now give me replies to these questions as nearly as you can. Beejah is said to be in the hills, and I think I shall put him to his shifts and the Boogtees also, Shere Mahomed, I am inclined to think, is with him, or at Kahun with the Murrees. However, whether I plague him or not, a march through their line of country wdU be of use. I have prepared light guns for some time for you and the camel corps ; practice your twelve artillerymen with those you have, and when we meet I will give you choice of all we have. My plan of operation is not, and cannot be determined on for some days yet, but you will see that the outline is to land at the east end of tlie Boogtee country, and at the K 2 t 54 RECORDS OF THE 27th December, IS44. sRme time to enter it by the Teyag, or western part, and jam the Boogtees, who will fly to then- hills, but we may pick up cattle and destroy Deyrah, perhaps catch some within it. I am sure you will not mention this to any one. I will write to you again when my negociations with the Khan are over, till then I cannot decide on anything. I wTote very strongly to Hardinge, and pressed the cause of the Scinde Horse as a personal favor. I have offered to him both regiments of cavalry if he will let you form two regiments of Scinde Horse ; if it fails I shall be extremely vexed. Yours sincerely, (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. 30th December, 1844. Larkaua, 30th December, 1844. My dear General, Your letter of the 27th reached me this evening. There is a road fi'om the south-east into the valley of Dewah, but to get to it you must go much further north than the place marked on the maps " Kusmore." I have no knowledge of this road save from native information, collected when we were in the hills. While we were at DejTah some people (Burniahs and others) came there direct fi'om llojaun and other places on the Indus. There is another road, or rather path, which enters the valley almost directly south from Deyi-ah, which the ma- rauders made use of, but it is impracticable for loaded camels. I know not where it enters the plain exactly, having only explored some 12 or 15 miles of it from Deyrah. Except in regard to the supply of water, which is doubtful, the road from Rojaun is certainly practicable for cavalry and camels, but not, probably, for artillery ; indeed none of the roads in the hills are practicable for aitilleiy, properly speaking, although it be very possible to transport guns through that country by dint of much previous provision and immense labor. To get into the valley of Deyrah fi'om the south-east, it is necessary to go to a considerable distance within the Mooltan territory. Deyrah is a small place — a square of about 200 yards a side, surrounded by a thick mud wall about 20 feet high, with a round tower at each angle, and one gate on the eastern face. It is supplied with water by a small stream which flows fi-om a chasm in the hill on the north side of the valley, about two miles from the village. The Boogtees will not, I think, attempt to defend the town, which is contemptible, while their hills afford them a sure refuge. There is a very little cultivation near the town, and a little more five or six miles to the westward. Through the chasm whence the water flows is a road into another little valley, cultivated and full of cattle. There is another small village in it, called Meerza ke Ghurree, but there is no water that I could find nearer than the spring above mentioned, about eight miles. Meerza ke Ghurree is about 10 miles from DejTah. I think that the Mun-ees might easily be induced to afford us every assistance in their power ; they have lately been severely beaten by the Boogtees in more than one fight, and have lost a gi-eat number of men ; the two tribes have long been at deadly feud, and if the Murrees were convinced that no harm was in- tended to themselves, they might and would afford valuable assistance to any force acting against the others. The Murrees are honest men enough in their way, and certainly would not allow Beejah to find shelter in or to pass through their countiy if they had pro- mised to the contrary. Teywaugh is the name of a river only from its entering the plain ; there is no village of that name. The best road to Deyrah is the northern one of the two laid down in the maps, indeed, I think it is the only one to march a force by. I do not think that there are any cross roads or paths from one to the other, there is an awful range of hills between. There is abundance of w-ater at convenient intervals along the former of tlie two roads. In all that I have said, I can, of course, only speak of the state of affairs when we were in thatcountrj^ in 1839-40. I do not think that it would be wise to march through the hills with less than 1 ,000 infantry and six guns. If the fellows fight it will be in places where cavahy cannot move. A good body of pioneers will be invaluable, and plenty of artificers should accompany the artillery. (I have none with the two guns with me, they were sent back from Kotree.) If no regular pioneers are to be had, a company of them might be formed extemporally of Lascars, dooly bearers, &c., who, if well provided with tools, and a few Sappers to direct them, woukl answer the purpose tolerably scindp: irregular horse. 55 well. The time and trouble saved by these men in such a country is immense. ;!oth Dcoember, 1844. 1 think it would be found far better in those hills to have the guns together under an artillery officer or two, instead of their being attached to us and the camel ( orps, and ample means of repairing all kinds of damages should be taken with the batteiy — the smashes that occur are awful. There is scarcely a blade of forage within the hills, save on a very few favored spots, and no supplies of any kind are procurable, except, perhaps, sheep and cattle. The inhabitants bring what grain they consume from the hill country. Beejah Khan formerly had a favorite hiding place in a ra^ane about 12 miles east fi'om Poolijce, and another in the hills south of Deyi-ah, and I think he will be more likely to remain near the plain country than to attempt to go far into the mountains. He must have with liini in his camp a great number of women and followers of all descriptions, camels and household stuff ; to move his family about is no trifling task. If he do occupy any of his old haunts, it is not improbable but that he may be surprised and seized ; indeed he only escaped us before by leaving his hiding place and sun-endering to Mr. Bell. There is no doubt but that by destroying De}Tah, and taking cattle, &c., such injuiy could be done to the Boogtee tribe as might sicken them of plundering within British tenitoiy ; but after all, the loss of their leaders is the only loss which these predatory tribes severely feel. Good guides will be requu-ed. The Khyheeree Abdoolah Khan will be one good man ; he was with me in the liills before, and knows them sufficiently well. Pray accept my best thanks for what you say about my regiment. Assimilation with the practice in Bengal will be the ruin of the Bombay army. Yours very sincerely, JOHN JACOB. Sukkur, 8th January, 1845. My de.\r Jacob, I enclose to you a letter for Fitzgerald ; foi-ward it by cossid to him at Ghybee Deyra or elsewhere. Read it. Your letter I have to thank you for ; it told me what I wanted to know. My plan is to persuade Beejah, if possible, that Wullee marches against him unsupported, and with the hope of getting a large reward from me if he catches him. That the great sickness prevents my going against him with our troops till next cold season. The moment Wullee has a fair start of about a day (Fitzgerald will agi-ee upon this with the old Chandia chief) do you march with the Scinde Horse, and the camel corps. The last is to take the 13th Volunteers, about 195 old warriors, which will give you 500 infantry and 100 camel drivers or surwauns ; take also your guns. The whole of the commissariat, except what you require, is to move on the same day you do, and it will join me at Janadeyra, or such place as I shall hereafter inform Jameson of. When I hear that you have stai-ted from Larkana, I shall move with the head quarters by regular marches (or forced marches if you send back to hurry me) to Poolijee. The necessity of keeping all quiet at present makes me avoid making much preparation, for all depends on your rapidity. Settle with Jameson how to carry provision for the Europeans for as many days as it will take you to go to Poolijee ; this of course must go on the camels. Fitzgerald ought to manage this, he can cany small mortars he told me : he can therefore carry provisions, as he has no mortars. Do not take spirits, it will hamper you, I will send this after. Four or five mountain guns on mules will follow you up rapidly with 300 infantiy from Shikarpoor. This is my outline as far as I can see my way yet. Ali Morad's rabble I shall, if possible, send across the desert from Shikarj)oor to Gundooee. This road leaves ours far to the left, and enters the Boogiee country north of Gundooee or in your map Sooree Khooshtuck. Thus we shall get rid of Ali Morad's people and yet have the advantage of their stopping that road. I have sent for two elephants from Hyderabad. I think they will be of use in the hills, one at least, if we can feed him, if not we can send him back from Poolijee. I hope I have been clear. My old Advance Guard and its commander will bring the old luck I hope. K.J Hth Jaiiuarv, 1845. 56 RECORDS OF THE 8th January, 1845. 8th January, 1845. 9th January, 1845. 194 Europeans. 1000 Natives. 500 Horses. 9th Januar)', 1845. 11th January, 1845. I need scarcely say that in investing Poolijee, your chief force must occupy the side of the Teywaugh, so as to cut the garrison from the hills. To Captain Jacob, Believe me yours faithfully, Commanding the S. I. H., Larkana. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. P.S. I would rather that you made no attack till I come up as I want to pre- vent bloodshed, but I must leave this to your discretion, in which I have perfect confidence. C. N. Head Quarters, Sukkur, 8th January, 1845. Dear Jacob, The Governor wishes to know, is there forage for 2,000 Cavaliy at and about Poolijee ? say from Sharee to Poolijee, and fi-om Poolijee as far down as Chuttur. If there is not sufficient water and forage for that number, for how many cavalry is there sufficient ? Should 2,000 cavalry be sent, you will not be superseded in your command. Yours sincerely, (Signed) M. McMURDO. Head Quarters, Sukkur, 9th January, 1845. My dear Jacob, The General bids me say that you will make your own aiTangements for the conveyance of the few days' supplies you will have to take with you on the march when you move, and which you will be able to guard without much diminishing your force. Bvit the bulk of the commissariat supphes for the Scinde Horse, the Camel Corps, and volunteers for a month (or, if you wish it, a fortnight only), which Jameson will bring on after you, will be guarded by 100 suwars of Cham- berlain's Horse, which you will be authorized to order in for that duty from Khyree Ghun-ee, when you hear of WuUee Mahomed mo-\dng. These supplies will follow up your route as fast as is consiotent with sure pro- gi-ess — tell Jameson. Yours sincerely. To Captain Jacob, (Signed) M. McMURDO. Commanding the S. I. H., Larkana. My dear Jacob, The Governor has received Fitzgerald's letter, dated the 8th inst., which has given him gi-eat satisfaction. He has desired me to wTi'ite to you on the subject of it, as he has a party at dinner and he cannot write till late. Fitzgerald says, that Wullee Mahomed will collect his horsemen at Kunda on the 14th, and will move on the 15th on Poolijee. It will suit the Governor's book better if Wullee started for Poolijee on the morning of the 16th instead of the 15th. On the 16th, therefore, or even a day later, (but of this you are to judge) let Wullee Mahomed leave Kunda for Poolijee, and your march will be defeiTcd accordingly from the 13th to the 14th (or later), so as (Fitzgerald says), allowing 24 hours from Rojaun to Poolijee, to arrive there 12 hours after the Chandias. Whatever you arrange make known quick to the Governor, as his movements will hinge on yours. Yours sincerely, (Signed) M. McMURDO. My Sukkur, 11th January, 1845. dear Jacob, The enclosed will put you all right. I know we shall not catch Beejah at first, and to catch him is a secondaiy object with me, but there is no harm in trying. I sent the orders you wish for about Khyree Ghun-ee long ago. All I want from you is the exact day you march from Larkana, as on that day I shall march from hence, for your men will give the alarm and mine will not add to it ; if you think it will, let me know, and I will move the day after. Yours sincerely, (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. You can order any troops on the frontier to advance with you or to your support. To Ca])tain Jacob, Commanding Scinde Horse. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 57 Sukkur, 11th January, 1845. iitii,iaiiuar_v, i845. Sir, Charged with an especial duty as you are, which admits of no loss of time for reference to higlier authority, I hereby invest you with the fullest extent of power I possess, and all officers of whatever rank or station are to render you wiiatever assistance you demand. All commissariat arrangements are to be executed as you direct, and you are to be obeyed by everybody to whom you issue orders, the same as if I issued them myself, up to the date of my joining you, when this authority given for a special purpose shall cease. And this shall be to you and to all to whom you issue orders, full and sufficient authority. '(Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General, Governor. Head Quarters, Sukkur, Night of 1 1th January, 1845. luh January, i«45. My dear Jacob, I have received to-night an express from Jameson, dated 10th inst., stating that the actual number of camels he would want for all purposes of carnage re- lating to your move would be 1,589 : that the number he has now is 1,175, and that he will want 414 to complete. Now as the Governor obsei"ves, that the great bulk of this carnage (1,224 camels) will be taken up in carnage for 25 days' grain for 700 horses and camels of the camel corps, rations for fighting men, public and private followers, in all 4,898 maunds, each camel fom- maunds, &c., &c., &c., he requests you will only take supplies for 14 days instead of 25, which will probably give you a sufficiency of carnage, and we shall be enabled to push forward supplies to you in good time to prevent your stanang. Head Quarters leave Sukkur for Shikarpoor on the morning of the 13th, (the day you move). We pick up four guns of the troop of H. A., and go on to Khanghur, which we will reach on the morning of the 16th. Yours sincerely, (Signed) M. McMURDO. MANIFESTO, by His Excellency Major-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B. Governor of Scinde. Sukkur, 1 3th January, 1845. i3tii.ianuary, 184.5. Being about to cross the Scinde frontier at the head of a strong body of troops I think it right to state to the neighbouiing tribes why I thus invade the teiritory of our friend the Khan of Kelat, in order that these tribes may be satisfied as to the cause of my movements, and that they may not think the said movements arise from the desire of acquiring territoiy or molesting allies. His Highness the Khan of Kelat has given me permission to enter his territories, and had he not done so I must still have invaded them for the protection of our own subjects. These territories arc occupied, as regards our immediate frontier, by three ' powerful and predatory tribes — the Doomkies, the Jakranees, and the Boogtees (there arc also others of inferior note) ; these tribes are in open rebellion against their Sovereign the Khan of Kelat. During the whole of last sununer they were excited by the hopes of pillage to make, without the shghtest pretext, fi-equent predatoiy inroads on the Scinde territoiy, plundering villages, murdering many of the inhabitants, and devastating the country. In several instances they were engaged with our outposts, and on one occasion, falling on 200 unarmed and un- offending grass cutters, they massacred nearly the whole of them, together with an officer's party of cavalry, who were guarding these poor people, and whom the robbers surprised. Many villages on our frontier were left desolate, the inha- bitants of which, abandoning their crops, fled further into the interior of Scinde, caUing aloud upon me, as Governor of the province, to give them protection. On my part I apjjlied to their Sovereign the Khan of Kelat to control his subjects, he promised to do tliis, but they were not controlled. !■: -1 58 RECORDS OF THE i3tii .Tamiaiy, 1 8 15. I believe His Highness the Khan of Kelat has the most friendly intentions with regard to the British government, but it was evident that the arch robber and rebel Beejah Khan Doomkee, was too powerful in arms to be reduced to obedience bv his Prince. So true is this that he openly bestowed in Jaghire large tracts of his Sovereign's territoiy, and to which the latter was constrained to submit. I was, therefore, obliged to reinforce our outposts against this unexpected and un- provoked enemy, and on one occasion our troops wholly failed in an attack made upon Beejah Khan. This at the period of the year when the heat was so very great as to be un- supportable to human beings exposed to the mid-day sun. My orders to the fi-ontier posts were then issued to remain on the defensive during the hot weather. These orders, together with the success of Beejah Khan, rendered the robber tribes more daring. They frequently entered the Scindian frontier in search of plunder, and were on two or three occasions attacked in our own tenitory and defeated by the troops, the police, and the villagers themselves, who several times turned out to aid the troops. It must be evident to every one that such a state of things could not be suflered by any regular government, and I was directed by the Governor-General of India to take such steps as were necessary to tranquiUize the fi'ontier and protect the people of Scinde. I have here to remark that the Ex Ameer Shere Mahomed had located himself among these robbers, and excited them to plunder Scinde. He was also in hopes of exciting an insurrection in his favor. But the chiefs of Scinde had no desire for his return, still less would the people of Scinde assist him, conscious of having a degree of protection under the British Government which they never experienced under that of the Ameer's ; the Ameer consequently gave over his attempts and ' returned to the Sikh territory. Such was the state of things on the fi-ontier when the cold season arrived, and in consequence of the solicitation made by me to the Khan of Kelat, His Highness made a feeble effort against his rebel subjects — he advanced from Dadur to Poolijee. It is evident the rebels well knew the danger they would incur were they to meet their Prince on the plain, where he would be assisted at any moment by the British, and each day's march brought him nearer to our outposts. The strength of the rebels lay in the Boogtee mountains — they of course retired among these celebrated defiles and passes ; the Khan dared not pursue them : the amount of his forces did not exceed 2,000 men, and these were by no means under his command : an immediate retreat was decided on by His Highness. While this Prince was at Poolijee, I sent a wukkeel to beg that he would allow me to have a conference with him, either at Poolijee, at Dadur, at Bagh, at Gun- dava, or any other place His Highness chose to appoint. His answer was a refusal, for reasons which I cannot make pubHc without doing His Highness an injury. My wukkeel therefore returned, but I felt that it was necessary to have in writing His Highness's formal acknowledgments of his inabihty to control his subjects, the Doomkees, Jackranees and Boogtees, and his desire that I would punish their rebellion and their murderous inroads upon the Scinde territory. It was also necessary that I should have His Highness's reasons in writing for not meeting me ; I therefore despatched Mr. Brown, the secretary to the Scinde Government, who is a personal friend of the Khan's, and possessing my highest confidence, in hopes some arrangements might be made for a united exertion to repress these mountain tribes, but in vain. The state of the Khan's territory be- yond the Bolan Pass rendered him unable to attend to the affairs of Cutchee, and he appeared to hold nothing but a nominal sovereignty over that rich tract of country of which Bagh is the centre. On Mr. Brown's return from Bagh, so daring were the robber tribes, that he was nearly taken (and to be taken by them is synonymous with being murdered) by 300 cavalry belonging to the rebels, who had pushed about 88 miles from their haunts for the express purpose of waylaying Mr. Brown. The course to be pur- sued by me has now become clear and decisive. — It is to enter the Boogtee mountains and attack these robber tribes in their fastnesses. They are the Pin- darees of the Indus. As Mr. Brown rode through the villages he found them miserable ; I will use the words of his report to me, — " the route I pursued through Cutchee was by SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 59 " Kunda, Kassim ke Ghote and Bagh, which line 1 remember in former days to be i.ith January, i845. " lichly cultivated. It is now a desert. I did not meet with an acre of cultivation " in Cutchee. The condition of the people is most miserable ; they have no secu- " rity for their property ; villages are daily plundered by the hill robbers. I heard " many villagers (some of whom were wounded) declare, that if they were not pro- " tected, they would fly tlie country and come to Scinde." It is cei-tainly not my duty to protect these poor people the inhabitants of Cutchee, but it is my duty to protect the inhabitants of Scinde, and therefore I shall march on the 16th of January beyond the frontier at the head of a strong force, accompanied by the Scindian chiefs Wullee Mahomed Chandeah, Ahmed Khan Mugsy and many others, at the head of many thousands of their followers, all determined to revenge their plundered villages upon the mountain tribes. I shall also be as- sisted by His Highness Ali Morad Talpoor, who will march against the enemy, by whom his frontier has also been molested. It is no small satisfaction to me that I find the Scindian chiefs, who, but two years ago, stood opposed to us in battle at Meeanee, now eager to draw the sword and tight under British colours. It gives no equivocal proof of their contentment with the Government of Scinde. What the result of these operations may be it is impossible to say, but I hope it will be such as permanently to secure the tran- quillity of the Scindian frontier, and enable our ally, the Khan of Kelat, to recover the rule of his country from these robbers ; with this last I have nothing to do ; the moment I have punished the robbers I shall retire within our own fit-ontier satisfied that I have performed my duty to the East India Company, to the people of Scinde, and to humanitv. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Major-General, Governor of Scinde. Head Quarters, Jagun, 14th January, 1845. uth January, i84.'i. My dear Jacob, How have you been getting on ? Well, I hope ! Some of these volunteers must have lost leather a bit. When do you expect Jameson up with the supplies ? I suppose he wall come to Khanghur, and follow you by Minoottee. The Governor will be at Khanghur on the 1 5th, and march on the 16th to Minoottee, and perhaps to Shahpoor, with four guns horse artillery, three mountain train guns and 100 infantry, and the 6th IiTCgular Cavalry. The mountain train is following us up, a day's march behind, and General Hunter will push on iufantiy as he gets caniage. If you have made no other arrangement, we have with us tifty pairs of puckals which will push on with the Horse Artillery and 6th Cavalry. Lieutenant Maxwell, engineer, is also with us, with sappers and miners, and plenty of tools, and some well sinkers, &c., &c. Yours sincerelv, (Signed) M." McMURDO. My dear Jacob, The Governor of Scinde arrived here this morning, and shall be at Khanghur by 8 to-morrow. If I find that the enemy is at Shahpoor, I mean to take some cavalry and march upon Ooch, to which I think he will retire when he finds you have advanced from Rojaun into the desert on his right. To encourage him I will push a small force on Minoottee ; I tell you what may happen if he is at Shahpoor, not else. I am sorry the Europeans are tired, but it is without re- medy. If you have sufficient conviction against Azun Khan that he acted with treacheiy, you may give him a sound flogging and still keep him a prisoner for further punishment, for his life is forfeited ; but as you did not shoot him at once, I cannot do it now unless your proofs are very clear. Yours, (Signed) C. NAPIER. The robbers are hard at work canning off grain into the hills, I hear. I am afraid the Moharum will interfere with Ahmed Khan Mugsy and Wullee Chandia — do you know anything of them ? 60 RECORDS OF THE i8tii January, 1845. Shahpooi', 18th Januai'y, 1845. Sir, I have the honor to report for the information of His Excellency the Go- vernor of Scinde, that on the morning of the 13th inst., I marched fi'om Larkana with the camel corps, European Volunteers, two three-pounder guns and the Scinde Irregular Horse. We reached KhjTa Reghurree, distant 40 miles, same evening ; found the supply of water at that place insufScient even for the whole of the men of my detachment ; the horses and camels got none. On the morning of the 14th, we reached Rojaun, 24 miles, and arrived there at noon ; the supply of water at that place was altogether insufficient for the de- tachment, and men and horses were much distressed in consequence. According to orders received from His Excellency I sent the camel corps and volunteers to Khanghur ; at noon, on the 15th I marched with the Scinde Horse and two three-pounder gams towards Sliahpoor, lea\ang nine of our horses behind in a d\ang state, from thirst. I reached Lunda, distant 35 miles from Rojaun and ab( ut two miles fi'om Shah- poor, at half-past 1 1 o'clock at night, and there received information that Wuzzeer Khan, son of Beejah Khan Doomkee, was at Sliahpoor with a large party of Jekranees, Doomkees and Boordees ; I pushed on at a trot, and completely sur- rounded the village of Sliahpoor before the alarm was given or any one could escape ; and knowing the place well, I at once galloped into a sort of enclosure on one side of the village, where the Jekranee horsemen usually resided ; there was, however, no one there but a number of Juts and herdsmen ; the enemy had that night occupied the houses inside the village, and now opened a heavy fire of matchlocks on us from a high tower, and from the houses. I immediately picketed a troop and took the men into the village on foot, when all opposition ceased, and the robbers were onlj' anxious to hide their arms. I seized 62 prisoners, w^ell armed, and whose matchlocks had nearly all been used that night, Jekranees, Boordees and Doomkees, among whom are several sirdars ; but Wuz- zeer Khan, hearing the report of guns hred at Oocli about half-an-hour before we reached Sliahpoor, had instantly mounted his horses and escaped. 1 believe not a man left the village after our arrival, although a tremendous dust-storm, which arose just as we reached the place, rendered it very difficult to watch the place properly. The fire from the village killed a duffedar, two suwars and three horses, and wounded three suwars and three horses. All my men behaved well in this affair ; and I request that you will particularly bring to the notice of His Excellency the excellent conduct of my 2nd in com- mand Lieutenant G. Malcolm, fi'oni whom I received the most able support and assistance— of Russuldar -Major Sir Feraz Khan, and Russuldar Mere Furzund Ali ; the last-named officer commanded the troop which I led into the village on foot. The Police Russuldar, Alifi" Khan, accompanied me from Larkana, and his ser- vices were most valuable to me on this occasion, as well as during tlie whole march. I must not omit to mention Assistant-Surgeon Pelly, who accompanied me while I was surrounding the village, and attended the wounded the instant they fell. I have, &c., ToMajor Green, C.B., (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding S. L H. ORDERS, 18th January. 1st. — Captain Jacob is to post himself at Poolijee. 2nd — ^To send Lieutenant Malcolm to Sharee. 3rd. — At Poolijee Captain Jacob is to use his own discretion in the disposition of his cavalry, so as to blockade the gorges of the mountain on the west. 4th. — ^The Governor will send Captain Jacob instructions as regards the move- ments of the Chiefs WuUee Mahomed Chandia, and Ahmed Khan Muggizzee, now at Poolijee, and which the captain will deliver to those leaders. 5th. — The Governor cannot deny himself the pleasure of thanking Captains Salter and Jacob, and the troops under their command, for their prompt and decided conduct in action with the enemy on the 16th instant; Captain Salter after marcliing 40 miles, and Captain Jacob 37 miles. Had either of these officers delayed their attacks, the enemy would have inevitably escaped. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 61 The marches have been long, and well executed by the troops ; Captain Mowatt istu January, 1845. iin 24 hours marched 56 miles through the desert with two guns, a march rarely defcommam/o?RS- cxcceded in tlie histor\' of military movements, and it does gi-eat credit to the suidar xiohbut Khan, effective state of his battery. Govem* asbi^'body (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, M.-G. guard. Governor of Scinde. AFTER ORDERS. No. 1. — The whole of the Scinde Horse and the two mountain train guns with Captain Jacob to march to Lahree to-morrow evening. 2nd. — Lieutenant-Colonel Geddes will be pleased to order the two held pieces of Captain Mowatt's troop, now at Shahpoor, to accompany Captain Jacob. No. 69 of 1845. 11 p.m., Assistant Quarter-Master-General's Office, S. & B. Head Quarters, Camp, Shahpoor, 19th January, 1845. igtu January, 1845. Sir, I am directed by His Excellency, the Governor of Scinde, to request you will at once seize everything in the shape of grain and commissariat supplies about Lahree and Poolijee, and report, for the information of His Excellency, the number of camels which would be required to be sent to bring in the grain here, after deducting a week's supply for the regiment under your command. ' I am further directed to request you will cause the arrangements for forming a Suddur bazaar at Poolijee to be altered from that place to Shahpoor, by du-ecting the Buniahs and people to proceed to the latter without delay. I have the honor to be, Su-, To Captain Jacob, Your most obedient Sei-vant, Commanding Field Detachment, Lahree. (Signed) M. McMURDO. Extract from GENERAL ORDERS, by Major-General Sir C. Napier, G.C.B. Shahpoor, 19th Januaiy, 1845. 19th January, i845. No. 5. — Captain Jacob, in passing through Poolijee, will order the Chief WuUee Mahomed Chandia to march on Tung on the morning of the 21st. He may seize and appropriate to his own use all the cattle and grain that he can find. The conunissary will purchase the grain if he brings it in, and he is to make as many pi'isoners as possible, sending them all to Shahpoor. Captain Jacob is also to direct the chief to send a dozen of his best men to head quarters at Ooch to be attached to the moveable column of our troops that may otherwise fire upon the Sirdar's people, if met with in the desert, mistaking them for the enemy. Captain Jacob is also to direct Ahmed Khan Mugzee to march up the Teyaga and plunder all he can, and go in as far as he can in that direction. When Jacob starts Wullee Mahomed from Poolijee with Alifl" Khan, let him give the latter orders, when he makes Tung, to come on to me at Ooch and report progress. (Signed) C. NAPIER. Head Quarters. Camp, Shahpoor, 1 9th January, 1845. lotu January, 1345. By His Excellency Major-General Sii- C. J. Napier, G.C.B. , Governor of Scinde. No. 1 . — There are two circumstances which occuiTcd in the opening of this cam- paign agamst the robber tribes which excites the admiration of the Major-General Governor, and which he thinks it right to make the subject of a separate order. The first is, that in the prompt and dangerous attack for cavahy of a village like Shahpoor, in the highest degi-ee defensible, and built for defence, and which was defended, that Captain Jacob and his men carried it with the rapidity of light- 62 RECORDS OF THE 19th January, i84.'i ning, and while losing men, did not injure one of the defenders, but captured them all. This is a very rare and a very glorious instance of perfect discipline as well as courage on the part of the Scinde Horse ; and though to men less acquainted with war it may appear trifling, yet in the mind of the Major-General and Governor it stamps both the Scinde Horse and its commandant as first-rate soldiers — prompt, resolute, obedient and humane even in the momentary excite- ment of action against the most furious of enemies. The Major-General Governor feels the greatest satisfaction in thus publicly mentioning Captain Jacob and his corps for thus setting an example so honorable to themselves and to the army. This order to be translated, and to be read to every regiment, European and Native, sei-ving in Scinde. , By order, -1 (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General. Dear Jacob, Gerraid has failed in procuring us suppUes. I have just heard fi'om him, and he is floored and cannot assist us ; we shall go on half rations, pray help us. Yours, 11 p.m., 19th. (Signed) M. McMURDO. 20ih January, 1845. The rcgimeiit, with the two guns before mentioned under command of Captain ; Baldwin, arrived at Lahree on the morning of the 20th Januaiy without opposition. 20th January, 1845. Shalipoor, 20th Januaiy, 1845. My dear Jacob, I have your pencil note ; I am glad you have told WuUee not to send men up the Teyagal, for om- commissariat in the rear has failed, and no infantry can advance yet, so I inin great risk of being crippled, which is unlucky. I sent to you last night to seize all the grain you can lay your hands upon, and let us know how much you can send ; also send all the private speculators you can to form our Bazaar here. What queer chaps they are to object to private marks to save their own bacon ; a round shot among them will do them a world of good, and I should not be surprised if they get one ere it is all over. Yours faithfully, 1 p.m. (Signed) C. NAPIER. ■2nth January, 1845. Lalu'ce, 20th Januaiy, 1845. Sir, I have the honor to report for the information of His Excellency the Governor of Scinde, that I arrived at this place at 8 a.m. this day, and found all quiet. I fully explained His Excellency's orders to the Chandia Chief Wullee Mahomed at Poolijee, but Ahmed Khan Muggazee and his men were not there. WuUee Mahomed has but 600 men with him, and there is water he says sufiicient for that number of horse in the Poolijee wells. The village was completely deserted and partially destroyed, but the wells left uninjured. I left Ahff" Khan and YaiTOO Cosah, according to His Excellency's orders, to accompany the Chandias to Tung, and thence proceed to head quarters. I had great difiiculty in getting the Chandias to agree to use any distinguishing mark by which they might be known by our people ; they appeared to consider it either ridiculous or impossible, but at last they agreed to cany a piece of blue cloth in each man's turban. They declare that there is no water at Tung, and nobody there, but they will go thire and wait further orders. The Muggazees being absent, I have sent no one by the Teywagh road. Your letter, dated 11 p.m., 19th Januaiy, 1845, has just reached me, and no exertion on my part shall be wanting in collecting the supplies therein mentioned ; but I shall be sadly crippled for want of some intelligent man possessing sufiiciently SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 63 recent information about the country to enable him to point out to me where the grain, &c., is to be found. The Khyheerees are, I find, sucli abominable liars, and ' filled with such deadly hatred to most of the people about here, that they only mislead me. There is nothine; in the way of food at Poolijee, neither have I been ' able to learn anythincj of the Buniahs, &c., you mention. There is no grain, &c., hci'e, except in the Buniahs' shops, but the bazaar of this will, I hope, prove i|iiite sufficient for my detachment, without coming on the commissariat supplies. Wliatever grain may have been collected in any considerable quantities is, 1 have ( wry reason to believe, at Chacha, Janoo, and a number of villages in that neigh- , bourhood some 14 miles from this place. [ Belooch Khan, the chief of Lahree, is absent at Gundava, the Kardar of the place is at Kutpaul, some 12 miles off, and their absence w'ill cause me some delay, but the instant I can obtain the required information, it shall be acted on ! and communicated. It appears to me that there has been some misunderstanding I in regard to the grain collected by Beejah Khan and others ; the gi'ain they were I endeavouring to cany off is the Government shave of the produce, and the property of the Khan of Kelat. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your most obedient Servant, To Captain McMurdo, (Signed) J. JACOB, Captain Artillery, A.ssistant Quarter-Master-General. Commanding S. I. H. 20th .lanuarv. 184.5. Ooch, 21st January, 1845, 8 p.m. My de.\r Jacob, Wullee did his job like an artist, no sheep or goat escaped ; according to Alitf Khan they were fired upon by a party of 16, and they killed six men ; they did no harm to any woman, and now are at Kulchat. Beejah has left Tonge ; the Boogtees have refused to admit the Doomkee and Jekranees. His (Beejah's) men finding this, have, as Ahfl" Khan tells me, dropped off, and have directed their steps to Belooch Khan : he must give this man up ; for if he does not, I will treat him as I do the rest ; if we are humbugged by him, the whole thing is a farce. Be so good as to talk to him stiffly on this point, and even arrest him, and send him to me if necessary. Our supplies are all coming up rapidlv. I advance to Sooree Kooshta to-morrow. I send this by Wullee Chandia, and beg of you to give him all the gi-ain you can possibly s])are, and then send him up the Teyague ; he will find me at Deerah, I hope, in about seven days or eight. Tell him to plunder the Boogtees well. I will send him some money when I hare any. Yours trulv, (Signed) C. NAPIER. 21st .lanuarv. 1845. Camp, Ooch, 22nd January, 1845. My de.\r J.\cob, I am too late for to-night's post, but write while I have a Uttle leisure. The General gave me to read his long political letter to you respecting the Doomkee and Jekranee villages on our frontier, but he does not remenil)er if he told you what he heard from Fitzgerald, that Wullee Mahomed is willing to take upon himself such charge, paying of course to the then hege lord the Khan, the Government share on all lands held by him, but not Jaghiie lands. I have wTitten to you to-day officially to beg you will kindly ask Wullee Mahomed if he knows aught of one Jam, taken prisoner at the same time as Nohbut Khan, but against whom the witnesses against the latter adduce nothing in evidence. I move forward, I fancy on the morning of the 24th, General Hunter and his force joining us to-mori'ow. I have no news to give you. You shall have my newspapers when I get them, two dawks are however now due. Beheve me yours sincerely, (Signed) E. J. BROWN. PS. — I am anxious to see your political reply. Your plan of making handcufis for the prisoners of their own matchlocks is gi-and. 22nd Jauuurv. l!S4.i. (Signed) E. J. BROWN. 64 RECORDS OF THE I 1 22nd January, 1H45. Ooch, 22nd January, 1845 My dear Jacob, Fancy my making a political ! yet such I am going to make of you ! The matter is just this, my inroad here has been made not to catch Beejah. That was a veiy small affair, because a hundred more Beejah's would rise like the men from Cadmie's teeth, but to make a permanent settlement of the frontier, which I am sure can be done if I manage my works properly. Now in this I require help, and I want you to assist me in establishing a transfer of property, the only way by which a change from a state of barbarism to one of greater civilization can be made permanent. All improvement is considered a mischievous innovation by the losing class. This is nature, and Belooch nature as well as English and French nature. I want therefore to deprive the losing class of power or it will soon drive innovation away, and the rule of robbery and " good old times " be restored. The way to this is to give the lands of Lahree, Poolijee, Shahpoor, in shoi-t, all the habitable part of the desert tract, to new people. I consider it necessaiy to respect the right of sovereignty in the Khan of Kelat, but I claim for us the right of being paid for all our expenses, either by a large sum of money or by the whole of the territory which we have taken from his rebellious subjects, i and over whom I have in writing his confession that he had totally lost all authority. The expense of the war he cannot pay. The consequence is therefore that it is ours in pledge till he redeems it. All this is strictly just and in accordance with the laws of nations. But we do not want territory, all we want is this, to place his subjects on such a footing as will secure the Scinde frontier fi-om vexation, and insure to the Khan obedient and peaceful subjects, so that instead of being a mere puppet in the hands of robber chiefs, he may have a will towards those to the west of his own, and towards us fi-iendship, founded on our support in ensuring i obedience to him in the east, while our frontier will be a refuge for his subjects j in Cutchee if he become tyrannical. There is no man in India more opposed than I am to the damned nonsense of keeping Indian princes on their thrones within our frontier, but the case wholly changes when you have to deal with those out- side your frontier. The old Indian, for whom I confess contempt as a set of old bitches, whose god is mammon, do not see that the interest of every prince within our fi'ontier is to send us to hell, at which he constantly works, mole fashion, under ground ; and this is but half the mischief, for as we support him he lays all these iniquities which he inflicts upon his subjects to our door, and though he is unjust in doing this, we deserve it. They are at our door for upholding him ! Thus his subjects also hate us, and there is a common cause of hatred to us. When we uphold a prince outside the frontier, we act justly if we confine our support merely to insisting on their respecting our frontier, and in supporting his just authority, as I have now done that of the Khan of Kelat. But this support it is also necessary he should pay for in some direct shape ; in other ways we support his just authority by receiving his refuge subjects if he oppresses them, makes him govern honorably or have none to govern. As the supreme Govern- ment have left me full power to act as I please on the frontier, I take my own system for my basis. I have so far executed it as to punish the rebels, and take so much of the country ; and I now want to establish (as I before said) a fresh class of subjects in Lahree, Poolijee and Shahpoor. Belooch Khan has, by acting with Beejah, forfeited his claim, but as he afterwards separated fi'om the robber, he has regained a right to some consideration, if circumstances admit of it, and of this, having explained to you my principle of action, (fi'om which nothing can make me swerve one inch), I want you who are on the spot to give me your opinion ; do you think he will be true to us, and obedient to the Khan of Kelat ? or is he likely to oblige us to kick him out neck and crop, ere a year or two passes ? We have now the game in our hands and must be careful not to let it slip ; my wish is to establish WuUee Mohamed Chandia at or near Poolijee. I would prefer Lahree, being the strongest post, but he must, if I do this, take the Khyheerees under his protection ; all this is bleat with difficulty, and, like all other things, can be overcome with patience and perseverance. The Khan of Kelat is in the hands of scoundrels ; his will is good, but he has no power, and therefore must learn that we arc his friends by results and by time. His divan will not let him believe it now, and I shall keep my course, indifferent to the remonstrances which his villains will put in his mouth ; but if you can persuade him to believe w^e can really resolve to give him power and secure to him his Cutchee revenue in future, SCINDK IRREGULAR HORSE. 65 so much the better. This will be all but impossible at present, because it depends 22nd .lammry, i84.'-i. on broader views of policy than most barbarians ever take. They cannot believe in a liberality of government which they have never seen, and, in my humble opinion, never did our own conduct appear more feeble than that which was ex- ercised in these paits under Lord Auckland and his politicals ; however, this is but a private and nmch vexed opinion in which all parties hold their own. History wall settle who is right and who wrong ; my business is how I exercise the great power now in my hands, and foi' which I am in the very highest degree responsible. A man in private life is not responsible "for error in judgment ; " it is merely a misfortune, but in public life it is a crime, because if a man feels incompetent, his duty is to say so. For these reasons I excuse Elphinstone at Cabul. I do not excuse McNaughten ; the first, conscious of his inability, had long and long prayed to be relieved ; the last, on the contrary, aspired to higher command. Elphinstone was unfortunate, McNaughten culpable. Now, I have not entered into this long story to alter any opinions of yours, still less to ask what yours are ; whenever I feci unequal to the works entrusted to me by my superiors I will inuuediately ask to be relieved in my command, whoever asks advice fi'om those under his orders acknowledges his incapacity, and conseejuently his crime in retaining command. I write as I have done that you may see the system I am acting upon, and, if I have clearly explained myself, you will know how to assist me in carrying that portion which I trust to you into effect by the means you judge best ; for as I like to do the works entrusted to me myself, so I like to leave those under my command their own work. Now you see clearly that I want you to make arrangements for the occupation of Lahree and Pooligee by fresh people, but that I am willing to leave Belooch Khan, if you think he can be left consistently with the plan I am bent upon ; that I leave you to explain to the Khan of Kelat, if possible to make him comprehend it, that I am doing him good service. But that he is immensely in my debt for putting down his rebels instead of giving him money, which would go into the pockets of his rascally minister, and add not one iota to his strength as a prince. You will also see that one condition of admitting Belooch Khan to favor with the English, is his giving up the robbers who have abandoned Beejah ; he has only to tell you their names. You, I believe, know that a year's work in chains is all I mean to inflict, and then to form a colony of them. 1 now wait for yoiu' ideas how all this is to be executed where you are. Brown and I will settle the Boogtee affair, or try to do so ; he knows my views, and I shall give him this letter to read. Yours, C. J. NAPIER. 12 o'clock, 24th January, 1845. My dear Jacob, I see our views (except of your own abilities, of which i have the highest opinion and always have had) are pretty much the same about the Chandias : Wullee desei'ves well at our hands. I send you also an offer just received from the MuiTces ; the Khan of Kelat has said that they have been loyal ; lam always clear for cutting the Gordian knot where it is tied by treachery or trickeiy, but I am not inclined to do so when there is sufficient honesty in the case (whatever it mav be) to put trust in, and in this 1 know you will coincide with me. Belooch Khan is therefore a stumbling block. As to the Khan, he is in the hands of his Sirdars ; I am convinced they forced him to go to Poolijee for the sake of plundering the country themselves. I am not inchned to be par- ticular with him, as in the end all must turn out to his personal interest. As to Esau Khan I see nothing for it hut to do him out of his birthright, as his great namesake was done before ! 1 will give him a jaghire in Scinde as a recompense if you find it necessary. I have ordered Aliff Khan to you. Meet General Simpson at Poolijee, give hiui all the information you can as to his march, and if you can spaie a few days, go with him if he wishes it ; I nmst leave this to you and him to settle between you. I send you a letter to the Khan with full powers ; if there arises any (juestion of moment that you wish to refer to me, do so, but having given you my general views, you will know what is in that line, and can determine all details, and I am equally pleased to have Murrees 21th .lamiary, lH4.'i. 66 RECORDS OF THE 24th January, 1845. 23rd January, 1845. or Chandias : perhaps they would unite ; in any case, it will, I think, be necessary to make them take the vagabond Kyheerees under their protection, giving them Minoottee, or elsewhere ; by the way, there is abundance of water at Minoottee ! How changed everything is ! Yours tnily, C. NAPIER. Head Quarters, Ooch, 23rd January, 1845. My dear Jacob, The Governor has given orders for the infantry of the Bundlekund Legion, with two guns, to move to Poolijee, either under General Simpson, or Captain Beatson, commanding the Legion. This force is to move up the Teywaugh, but the Governor requires that it should be reinforced by two more guns from the four guns now under your com- mand ; give them the mountain guns, or the horse artilleiy guns under Baldwin as you think best adapted for the work. Tlie Governor would also feel obliged if you would meet the Commander of this force at Poolijee, and give him all the information in your power relative to the nature of the roads and country through which his route will lay — it will be the southern route of the two marked in the map ; this movement is intended as a diversion on the enemy's flank, who are supposed to be at Gundava. Colonel Geddes was at Sooree Khooshtuck yesterday and to-day, and we shall probably follow to-morrow ; we have Hunter's Brigade with us (Europeans and detachments, battalions of the 4th, 64th and 69th). Capital idea of yours making handcuffs out of matchlock baiTcls. Sincerely yours, M. McMURDO. ' 24th January, 1845. Ooch, 9^ o'clock. My dear Jacob, I have written to Lieutenant-Colonel Geddes to send AlifFKhan to you sharp: about Wullee Mahomed and his Indians, the General has wTitten General Simpson, who will be at Chuttur to-day, to an-ange, if necessaiy, for the Chandias moving into the Teywaugh when we advance. On all these points, however, I fancy you will be in communication with General Simpson. I send you a power of letters to His Highness the Khan of Kelat. Yours sincerely, E. J. BROAVN. 27th January, 1845. Lahrec, 27th Jauuaiy, 1845. My dear General, I fear that I shall never make a successful political. I have failed in the present business at the commencement. I had yesterday a long conference with WuUee Mahomed and all his Shdars touching their settling in this country, when they positively declined having anything to do with it. Wullee Mahomed said that he was ready at all times to obey your orders, and that if you ordered him to remain at Poolijee with his men, he would stay there as long as he could, but that as to settling in such a countiy that it was impossible, that they should be surrounded by bitter foes, that the country was deserted and laid waste, with twenty more such excuses. At last I told him to consider over the business with his Sirdars, and give me a deliberate and wi'itten answer, which he did yesterday ; it is to this effect — that if the British Government will give him in free Jagheer (that is paying nothing whatever to any one), all the lands held by Beejah Khan, Poolijee, Chuttur, Minoottee, Wuzzeera, Sheeall Rumdanee, Kooheeree, &c., the Chandias will settle in the countiy, but the countiy being deserted, they must be regularly paid during the first year by the British Government. This is, of course, absurd, and the Chandias know it to be so. I am certain from what I have now seen of them, that even if they were to agree to settle here, they would not, and could not do it ; the teiTor with which they look on these Cutchee lootoos and the men of the hills is beyond belief. I am certain that they would all ran away SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 67 inn nediately our troops were withdrawn from their neighbourhood, on the approach 27th January, 1845. ;or report of the approach) of the Doonikees, Jakranees, &c. The fellows' dark countenances actually tui-n pale at the thought of remaining here. I have written to Gamun Khan, the Murree Sirdar, to desire him to come to me to arrange about ^i\ ing this countiy to the Mun-ees, but I have great doubts as to their abihty to keep it. I do not think that the tribe is now sufficiently numerous to occupy the Boogtee lands and these too. While I am WTiting WuUee Mahomed has sent to me another written paper to the effect that if all the lands of Sheree, and along the Sheree river, be also given to him perfectly free, the Chandias, Mugzees, Oomranecs, &c., will join and inhabit them ; this is only more absurd than the first proposal, for the lands of Sheree, Chacka, &c. are valuable, and pay a large revenue to the Khan of Kelat. I think that the Mun-ees are the only people we can manage the business with. We are all well here, but tind great difficulty in getting food for men, though there is a plenty of jowan-ec for the horses. Yours veiy sincerely, JOHN JACOB. Deyrah. O Picket. "^""^ \£7 Camp. A l-f Cavalry. ' Zuranee. Pass above Deyrah on the south, and above Zuranee on the north. Gundooee. O O Mtdh. ^ Sooree KoosMee. ^„ , i ,^j„ 28th Januaiy, 1845. 28th January, 1845. My dear Jacob, This pass was not defended. I think my friends are at A. The valley A is full of water and grass. If they are, I have blocked them in. I think AU Morad is at Mulh ; great fires were seen last night in that direction. I occupy both passes and Zuranee — the first with infantiy, the last with cavaliy. Send off to Simpson to force his way to us as fast as he can ; and, if possible, to communi- cate with the Murrees on his left, and urge them to march down on the east of DejTah, leaving that place to Simpson ; I hope thus to en\dron the enemy. We saw a great smoke at Deyi-ah last night, and I think it possible that the Boogtees have abandoned it, and that the Murrees have burned it. I hope Simpson will get my letters to hasten his advance. I said I would be here on the 29th because I expected a fight for it. I send to tell the MuiTces they shall have Boogtee countiy if they join me and help to blockade the Boogtees. Yours, C. NAPIER. I am sure Simpson can have no force in his front of any importance. They are all to the east of this, and I think south of Deyi'ah. C. N. No. 209 of 1845. From the Secretary to Government, Scinde, to Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Lahree. Dated 3lst Januaiy, 184,5. :iist January, 1S45. Sir, By direction of His Excellency the Governor, I have the honor to forward for transmission to Deen Mahomed, the Chief of Murrees, a Purwannah from His Excellency, which will you have the goodness to send. If there be any Murree F 1 68 RECORDS OF THE 31st January, isvo. chief at Laliree (GamunKlian was there) His Excellency would wish you to press upon him that it would be very desirable that a wukkeel with full powers should join His Excellency's camp. It wall be well, too, if the forty good guides promised, by Gamun Khan were also at once sent. I have the honor, &c. i (Signed) E. BROWN, Secretary to Government of Scinde. 2nd February, 1845. Jummuck Pass, 2nd Februaiy, 1845. My Dear Jacob, I yesterday got yours of the 30th ult. and of the 27th dupUcate. The original I did not receive. I am not a bit out of heart at what you call your failure ; dis- appointment belongs to man's fate, and like Sisj-phus we must roll up the stone again. Wullee had better go home, as he won't take a crown ! We must throw him overboard as an ally, for his future co-operation would not be worth paying for. As to the Mun-ees they have sent no one to me. I suspect they are play- ing me false. However I am too strong to care. But I will give them the Boogtee land if they can hold it, and Deyi-ah is in perfect repair I hear. McMurdo went over it on the 31st. Now for your letter of the 30th ult. Simpson (who is at Deyrah) did not meet a living being the whole march ! None of your emissaries have returned. Now when I put these things together I think I see their game. They let Simpson advance over a road full of passes. They let me advance because they could not oppose me till I got to Zuranee ; at this pass they could, but did not because they thought I should, confident in my power, march through to join Simp- son. Then they intended the old game of barbarians "in every age and chme." The passes in our rear would be occupied in force, and we might whistle for our provi- sions ! " Oh, whistle, and I'll come to you my love," is a good song, but in this case would not bring our supper ! I have been from the first pretty sure what game they would play, and so when I entered the valley between these two passes of Jum- muck and Lallee, instead of passing I pitched my camp, seizing both passes. jtmimuct. Jummuck is nothing. I could force it easily if I ^^^^^^^ 'jT^^''-^ abandoned it and wanted to come back, but Lallee is ^^^ I a different affair, so I am fortifjdng it and mean to hold -^*^?S^^''^ ,^^=^ it firm. This secures my communication with the Lallee. plains and the cavahy, and also the secure passage of y;^?-- ^yz^^^r^^-— *^ur supplies. The danger of mountain warfare is ■ -*5?^-^^^^:^X_-^ '-^ over-confidence, and want of caution in the assailant, who being the strongest, is fearless till imprudence makes him weakest, and he becomes a victim. I am therefore vei-y cautious, going step by step, and wall have no pass in my rear unoccupied. I made an in- road back to Tonge the day before yesterday, under John Napier, and he caught 2,000 head of cattle. I mean to make some of these little underplots, but my great game is to close in steadily with a safe rear, till they must fly the country or fight. I liave secured orders from Mooltan forbidding them leave to enter that territory. Ali Morad is up with his rabble, but I want to shove him ahead. I iiave ordered the 7th cavalry up to Khanghur. The whole of the Bundlecund legion are to occupy Shahpoor, Ooch, Sooree Kooshter. The troops of Ali will occupy Gundooee and Zuranee, Lallee pass, by 200 Infantry of our own troops. The 6th cavalry I shall keep partly at the pass, and push the rest over to Simpson, to ravage all the plain about Depah. Wlien all is ready I shall again move more to the east, say 20 miles, running moveable columns through the hiUs to catch cattle, and kill or catch cattle as they can. I much want the Murrees' assistance in this warfare. You think I undervalue Beeja Khan ; perhaps you are right, but how can I catch him ? I will ofter 5,000 rupees, and try what that will do ; make this known. I do not think barbarians will sell each other ; it is not their vice generally, but they will do it sometimes. However, one cannot make war dependant on the chance of getting anyone man. It must be founded on a more solid basis. Now I shall be delighted to catch Beeja for 5,000 rupees ; but in the mean time I will try to starve the Boogtees, and drive them to desperation if I can. It is difficult — I never doubted that ; but I think it practicable. I think you may let Wullee and his men go home ; do what you think best in this. I will give them a little cash. How many htus he had ''. and how long have they SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 69 iicca in the tield ? do not promise him anything, but tell me what 3^ou think fail', -.'ud February, 1845. I lold him I would give him two annas a day for each man actually in the field tor the time he remained out ; he began on the 1 5th ultimo, and I think you told me he had not above 600 men. Having given you all my plans, do what you can to transfer the land to any new people, and I suppose we must smoke the pipe of amity with Belooch Khan. Wliat can I do to strengthen the Khan of Kelat ? it ;is a difficult question. Yours sincerely, (Signed) " C. NAPIER. The rascals got a dawk, and in it the proof-sheets of the war in Scinde ; how provoking ! > No. 247 of 1845. From the Secretary to Government, Scinde, to Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse, Lahree. Dated 3rd Febraary, 1845. .•ird February, 1845. Sir, By du'ection of His Excellency the Governor, I have the honor to give you the substance of certain petitions made to His Excellency by Jan Mahomed Toonia, a wukkeel fi'om His Highness the Khan of Kelat. 1st. Alift" Khan Pathan points out as people of Beejah Khan Doomkee's tribe parties who arc not so. They are seized and their property is confiscated. 2nd. Mahomed Khan Shawanee, Mahomed Khan Lharee, and Mahomed Shur- ' reef are in treasonable coiTcspondence with the chiefs of Kandahar. 1 The two first of these are resident in Hajjee ke Shehur ; His Excellency would i wish you to make them prisoners, and have them handed over to His Excellency the Khan. 3rd. Tajoo Kardar, of Beejah Khan, is a great thief, and is deceiving Captain Jacob, and only points out apart of grain concealed, keeping the remainder him- self. 4th. Parties sent by Lieutenant Hamilton, when commanding at Khyree ke Ghun-ee, to Kotra to pm-chase grain, &c., did not give the market price. On petitions 1st, 3rd and 4th, His Excellency would wish you to make enquiry and report upon. I have directed Jan Mahomed Toonea to wait upon you at Lahree for your orders on these points. I have the honor, &c., Camp, Jummuck Pass, (Signed) E. BROWN, 3rd Februaiy, 1845. Secretaiy to Government, Scinde, No. 245 of 1845. From the Secretary to the Government of Scinde, to Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Lahree. Dated 3rd February, 1845. .■ini February, 1815. Sir, By direction of His Excellency the Governor I have the honor to inform you that Meerza Ali Akbar Khan Bahadoor has been deputed with native agents to Cutchee for the purpose of hiring camels for the use of our force. His. Excellency wishes that you will be good enough to make an advance of 2 rupees for eveiy camel sent to you by the Meerza. To enable you to do this Captain Jamieson has been requested to send you the sum of 2,000 Co.'s Rs. I have the lionor, &c. Camp, Jummuck Pass, (Signed) E. BROWN, 3rd February, 1845. Secretary to the Goverment, Scinde. My dear Jacob, The Khan is trjingto save some rascals that you have caught. Be veiy rigid ; 4th February, is 15. don't let any out. Beejah has ottered to surrender through Ali Morad ; I liave F 2 70 RECORDS OF THE uh FL-brumy, 1845. Said that if lie does not I will hang every man you have taken, so the higher tlie rank of any fellow you have the tighter be your grip of him. I am hampered for want of camels. Yours, &c. (Signed) C. NAPIER. 6th February, 1845. 21st February, 1845. My dear Jacob, Send home the Chandias with all sorts of butter ; as there are no parsnips in Scinde, fair words must do for the present, as the money and parsnips are together. What I give Wullee I must receive from the Khan ! pro tern, at least. Send a letter to me by the Tey wagh to tell me the 5,000 cavalry and infantry are coming up as soon as the camels can be hired. Make your Moonshee or Alef Khan write this also to Brown's Moonshee. Add that the 7th cavalry arrived at Khanghur on any day convenient. Send this to get into the Boogtee hands, and in your letter (the Persian being a translation of the English, only as if from a different person). Make any remarks you think right on the great fortifica- tion I am going to construct at Deyrah, and in this pass, when the troops arrive ! Unless the Boogtees make salaam, expatiate largely on my benevolence and my wishes not to extirpate them. I really do feel very benevolent in that way since the rascally camel-men failed me. I am sadly bothered, and I shall be glad to make honorable terms, especially with Deria Khan, who is a good fellow with a bad calling, hke the apothecary in Romeo and JuUet. The Murrees have just sent me a letter in answer to one of mine that they are ready to join me and attack the Boogtees. I do not think the letter you make up for the Boogtees will do any good. They have been once tricked and forewarned, but it may give them alarm and produce good effect, and can do no harm, except five rupees to a cossid. Yours faithfully, C. NAPIER. 6th February. Still in this d — d pass. \ EXTRACT. Shore, 21st February, 1845. I have been too busy to finish this sooner. We got pretty close yesterday. They absconded with 1 50 camel loads of baggage, and from a hill we saw them en route, but after being in the saddle 22 hours we were not in trim to overtake them, especially as there was a desperate pass, which, if defended, might have bothered us, and it was near sunset when we got sight fi-om the top of a high hill ; however I will be after them when sun sets to-night. Do all you can to persuade the Murrees to take Boogtee country. We are now north-east of Deyi-ah, and I shall be at Deyi-ah to-moiTOw. Order Ali Akbar to you as soon as he can ; he will dawdle doing Ambassador I fear, for vanity is strong in his composition ; he will be useful to me in negociating with the Mun'ees. i Yours truly, C. NAPIER. 24th February 1845. Deyrah, 24th February, 1845. My dear Jacob, I am very sorry for the arrest of the men, but there is no help for it. The Khan's wukkeel has done him harm. Collect and estabUsh the Kyheerees if you can. The Murrees say they will come and salaam on the 28th. I have told them I will give them Deyrah and Trukkee, and plenty of gun- powder, and strengthen Deyrah besides for them. What they will decide upon I cannot say, but I am very anxious for their taking Deyrah. I never saw such defiles in any country as in them. Let me know what you do about the Kyheerees, and believe me Yours sincerely, C. NAPIER. \ ^Insert between Pages 70 iS" "1 "/ •«' Vol: S. J. 11. Record Book.] Letter from Captain Jacob to General Sir C. J. Napier. Lharee, 5th February, 1845. My dear General, — Your letter of the 2nd reached me this morning, to OiV great joy ; for, from the numerous robberies of dawks beyond Ooch, I feared that none of my letters had reached you. Your insight into the mountai- neers' intended style of proceeding is, no doubt, minutely accurate, and is exactly in accordance with the former doings of these very people. But I do not think the Boogtees will attempt to fight. When reduced to extreme necessity the tribe will disperse by single families, trusting that they will be able to return to their homes when the storm shall have blown over. "Wullee Mohamed, when I want him to go into the hills, has only COO men ; at other times, 800. I think it would be fair, as they have really been put to considerable inconvenience and dreadfully frightened, to pay for the latter number, that is, 100 rupees a-day ; 2,000 rupees in all. I think it would be as well to let them go home at once. They are quite useless. I have requested Nusseer Khan to give me his ideas touching the quiet settlement of this part of the country, and the tribes most likely to effect our mutual object, but have not yet received his reply. Neither have I as yet heard one word from the Murrees. It appears useless to send any more letters by cossids, and I shall to-day get some one to go to Deen Mohamed, who is known to him, and who will at least return to me. I will publish the offer of a reward for Beejah. It is possible that he mav, when gi-eatly distressed, endeavour to take refuge in the Seebee country, and if he do so he will be caught, I think. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) J. JACOB. P. S. — A man came to day from Kahun who was with the Cafila lately plundered by the Murrees. He says that all my cossids had arrived, and been detained by the Murree chiefs, who said that the messengers were nothing but spies, and that the offers I made to themselves were evidently intended only to entrap them. The whole of the inhabitants of Kahun were carrying off their property and leaving the town as quickly as they could, and Deen Mohamed had said that my messengers should be released when the rest of his people had left the place ; many communications had passed between the Mur- rees and Boogtees; the latter had persuaded the former to forego mutual enmity and make common cause together, for that no sooner had the English destroyed the Boogtees than they would serve the Murrees in the same manner. I am convinced there is much truth in the above ; it agrees exactly with ail that I have heard from other quarters. I liave just despatched Syud Buchal Shah, (a man from the Seebee country, formerly in our sei-vice, a great rascal, I believe, but a useful instrument) to go to Kahun with letters from me to the Murree chiefs, and v.'ith instructions to eiulea- vour to persuade them to trust to us to send wukkecls to your camp, and at- tend to all your instructions, and I think he will succeed if any one can. This man Bitclial Shah has been useful to us here in various ways ; he induced the Bunniahs of this place to return and open their shops, when all my persuasion went for nothing, and we should h;ive been badly off for food without him. lie got me excellent guides to go with General Simpson I have now advanced him 50 rupees, and told him that if he manages this business with the J.Iurrees satisfactorily, you will reward him well, and I think he will deserve it. There is not a man amongst the IMurrees who can read Persian. I have hitherto written in Scindee, in the barbarous character used by the Bunniahs. 1 have therefore been obliged to get a moonshee to accompany the Syud tu read my letters, and the one sent me by Brown to be fon-varded. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) J. JACOB. Letter from Captain Jacob to General Sir C. J, Napier. Lharee, 12th February, 1815, My dear Genkual,— My messengers have returned from Kahun ; they found the place completely deserted, not a single soul in it, the Murrees had all gone over the mountains on the north side of Kahun, into the next valley, about twenty miles off. There my syuds found them, and had a long interview, with much swearing on the Koran, with Deen Moha- med, Gamun Khan, and the rest of the Murree chiefs, and finally re- turned to me, bringing- with them Morad Buxs (nephew of old Doodah), Kahim Khan and other men of the tribe. They declare that they were all in a dreadful state of alarm, and had been frightened by the people of Lharee and other places continually writing to them that we were coming to destroy them. They swear that they have made no truce with the Boogtees, and never thought of such a thing ; that they are ready to do anything you please, and have merely kept aloof from fear. I explained to them your intention re"-arding them, and your orders about their sending wukkeels and guides to your camp, and told them that their deserting their town and retiring further into the hills could only be considered by you as a declaration of hostility, &c. Finall}', I told Morad Buxs he had better return to Kahun as soon as possible, get all the people to settle quietly in the town again, and without a moment's delay, get Deen INIohamed himself, or some re- spectable sirdar, to wait upon you and receive your orders. They will, they say, be delighted to occupy the Boogtee conntry, if you will give it them, and will take care that there shall be no looting ; but that they are not equal to tiio occupation of the Poolcjee and Chutter lands, and could not undertake it. I gave Morad Buxs a twenty-five-rupee luongee, and sent him away apparently much more pleased than when he came. I tlunk tliat tliey will now wait on you, but they are curionji people, and it is difficult to understand what is really in their minds. If the Murrees be settled in the Boogtee country, and Beejah be taken or killed (the last is a sine qua von), I thiidv that the Khylieerees might, with advantage, be rei)laced in their old lands ; they alone are the rightful owners, and would certainly be the best possible occupants for us, if they could maintain their "round here, which under the circumstances above mentioned thev would. I think, easily be able to do. I have been talking to them about it, and they seem rather pleased with the idea, but it is necessary to learn the feelings of the rest of the tribe on the subject ; they were a brave enough race, I I}elieve, once, and would probably soon recover their confidence in themselves if they found themselves quietly replaced in their own lands. Please tell me if you approve of this. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) J. JACOB. The Murree chiefs did wait on Sir C. Napier at Deyra, in conse- quence of Captain Jacob's negotiations, and on their doing so depended the whole success of the Hill campaign. Letter from Captain Jacob to General Sir C. J. Napier. Lharee, Ijth February 1845. My dear General,— I have received a note from Brown to-dav, in which he tells me that you intended me to have used my own discretion regard- ing the matters contained in his letter of the 3rd to me. I wish I had known this before, for I cannot but think that my going to Hajee, and attempting to seize Mohamed Klian Shawanee, will do much harm as I before wrote to Brown. But I assure you that, according to the words of Brown's official, I had no option left me. I am, in that letter, plainly and positively directed " to make inquiry and report upon certain statements of Jan iMohamed," and " to make prisoners, and hand over to the Khan of Kelat the two chiefs resident at Hajee." The Khan is in great tribulation about the business, and I certainly think myself that his wuk- keel, Jan Mohamed, has done him very great and serious injury l)y representing to you that you wished the two Hajee chiefs to be imprisoned ; it will raise against him a host of powerful enemies. Please tell me what to do with Mohamed Khan's son and nephew; the Khan will have nothing to say to them. All Aclvber is at Baugh, but I do not think he is getting many camels. We have had rain here for three days past, and it rained very heavily all last night, and not only here but in the lulls ; the river here which was a dry samly channel, half a mile broad, has now three feet of water in it. and the country about is one sheet of mud. I have, S:o., Sec, (Signe.I) J. JACOB. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. No. 298 of 1845. 71 From the Secretary to the Government of Scinde, to Captain J.\cob, commanding Scinde Irregular Hor.se, Lahrec. Dated Camp, Deyrah, 27th February, 1845. 2nh February, Sir, By direction of His Excellency the Governor, I have the honor to acknow- ledge the receipt of your letter of the 1 9th instant, requiring orders as to the dis- posal of two robbers confined by you for robbery. In reply I am directed to request that you will on the receipt of this, assemble a Native Court of Enquiry, to record all evidence connected with the robbery, and their rinding as concerns the two prisoners. Should this court find the prisoners guilty, you are (in consideration of the s constant robberies which have taken place in the lines of your regiment, and of the impunity with which the robbers from darkness and other causes have been enabled to escape, and with a \'iew to put an end to this system of nightly rob- bery) directed to hang the two robbers in front of your camp. I have the honor, &c., 184.5. (Signed) E. BROWN, Secretary to Scinde Government. Pass My de.\r J.vcob, [ I have yours of the 25th ultimo, which reached me yesterday ; our proceed- 1 ings are these : — I imagined the i'enemv somewhere about A, for ; intelligence was not to be got ; well, I held the Une from Deyi-ah and tracked him in the direction oi A. I left the legion to guard the pass of Goojroo, and crossed the head quarters to my left, and occupied Dep-ah in force, putting Ali Morad at Lootee. I there waited supplies and had arranged an advance from the three points, DejTah, and Lootee, and Tomb, for which waiting provisions, I occupied Tomb and Kombee, and the pass I left free in case the enemy was fool enough to bag himself in Trukkee ; but, thinking him too skilful, however, I stopped up the valley of Illiassee below Trukkee at Tomb, to oppose his going AYest and yet leave Trukkee open. I was to march on the 1st, but on the 28th, our convoy going to Tomb with pro\nsions, was attacked near camp, three miles distance. I mounted my horse, and we pursued the enemy (about 50 horsemen) into Trukkee. By this bold attack and the road, they re- treated ; I guessed my friends had done foolishly, and blocking the entrance with the cavalry, I sent off three comi)anies of foot, and so shut the enemy up there ; on returning to camp I found the Murree chiefs had arrived ; they said all the robber chiefs were in Trukkee the day before. I moved my camp before daybreak to Trukkee, and ordered Ali Morad (who did not go of course) to block up the other entrance, but I also sent the Bundleeund legion and camel corps, who did go, and are there. The chiefs all came to my tent yesterday ; I gave them my terms ; they went back and sent other terms, which did not suit my books, and I would not even hear them ; Dcriah Khan alone accepted, and is in my camp ; and as soon as his people are all out of this strong ])lace I shall proceed to business. This is our whole story up to the 5th March. All you have done at Lahrec ap- pears to be right. Whatever you do I sanction. I think we can support the Kyhccrees by the alliance of a weak tribe under Shaw Alii, of Bushooree ; I have him here ; he surrendered, and must obey orders, but do you act as you judge best ; I think the Chandias or Muggizees might help the Kyheerees to hold Poolijee. I mean to occupy Shahpoor witli our troops, for the next year at all events. Yours truly, C. NAPIER. Trukkee is a devil of a place, but 1 think 1 can manage it too. I- 3 5tli March, 1845. 72 RECORDS OF THE No. 22. 5th March, 1845. V. Lahree, 5th March, 1845. MR, I have the honor to report for the information of His Excellency the Go- vernor of Scinde, that a patrol of twenty men of the Scinde Irregular Horse, under Jemadar Guftbor Mahomed, to-day fell in with a party of twenty-five marauders, on foot, in the plain of Mulh, about twelve miles from Lahree. The men were well armed with sword, shield, and matchlock ; on the approach of the patrol, (who did not at first suppose them to be enemies), they fired a volley at them, and drawing their swords, with much abuse of Feringees and the English Sirkar, rushed at the horsemen. The latter thereupon charged them, and as they fought to the last refusing quarter, though repeatedly offered, killed them all. One suwar and four horses were killed in the fight, and two suwars and two horses wounded, the latter mortally. I have not yet been able to find out who the men slain were, but they are sup- posed to have been robbers from Tullee, of various tribes, Brahooees, Doomkees and Murrees. My own opinion is that they were Doomkees from the hills. I have sent to Tnnlrlmp to obtain information regarding them. I have the honor, &c. To Major Green, C.B. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain. Assistant Adjutant-General, S.F.F. Commanding S. I. Horse. EXTRACT fi-om General Orders by His Excellency Major-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B. and Governor of Scinde. lltb March, 1S45. Head Quarters, Trukkee, 11th March, 1845. These men turned out to be Murrees ; among the slain was a sirdar of some note, one Meer Gool. The Murree tribe did ac- tually assemble inereat numbers (S3J8^ to avenge their death, but thought better of it, and laid the blame upon the Kyheerees, on whom they vowed ven- geance. (Signed) J. JACOB. 2. Twenty-five brave robbers on foot, well armed with swords, shields and matchlocks, met twenty of the Scinde Horse patrolling in the desert. The robbers gave a volley and charged. The Scinde Horse had one man killed and two wounded ; four horses killed and two wounded ; of the enemy every man fell sword in hand. Quai'ter was repeatedly offered to these stern gladiators, but they i-e- fused, and every robber bit the dust. Honor be to their courage ; more honor to their conquerors. Another laurel leaf has been added to the rich wi-eath of Jacob's Horse. The conduct of Jemadar Guftbor Mahomed and his companions demands the Governor's highest approbation, and he will report theu' gallantry to the Governor-General of India and the Commander-in-Chief of the Bombay army, as soon as Captain Jacob sends in the names of these brave men. AFTER ORDERS. Soldiers ! there are different kinds of glory — the gloiy of battle and the gloi-y of endurance. Of the first, the little to be gleaned was carried away by Salter, Jacob, and their companions. To us there remained only the glory of endurance, and it has been won by you in such a garb as to do you tho greatest credit. Never have I sei-ved with men more thoroughly imbued with the true military spirit, and it becomes me, as I have witnessed it, to give you the credit you so well desei-ve. I have heard it said that some of the officers of the 2nd European Regiment took umbrage with me without clearly knowing why. I smiled at the pouting of younger soldiers with an old one. This generally happens in the beginning of a campaign, after which a good fight, like a good storm, clears the atmosphere of the bilious vapours. As there is no fight, a little reflection must do the work ; and tell these gentlemen that as my admiration of their excellent and beautiful regiment is well known, so must I, and so do I, greatly appreciate the corps of officers. No good regiment ever had bad officers. The two things are incompatible ; of no body of officers have I a higher opinion than of these belonging to the 2nd Europeans. The men of the 64th regiment have in this shox-t campaign gained, under Major Brown's command, the character which they lost under the late Lieutenant- Colonel Moseley ; good officers always make good soldiers. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 73 I Wlien Major-General Hunter returns to Sukkur he is to restore to this now iiti. March, i8ir.. ;good regiment their colors ; a duty which 1 am sure will be particularly gratifying to that officer, to whom the 64th Regiment and the Indian army are deeply in- debted. I We shall now return to our respective cantonments, and wait with patience for i further sei-vice, having all added something to our previous knowledge of war. I To those who are about to leave my command I wish eveiy success. (True Extract) (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, G.C.B. (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Governor of Scinde. Assistant Adjutant-General. The regiment marched from Shahpoor on the evening of the 1st of April, an-ived Ajjrii ist, isis. at Sukkur on the 6th, crossed the river on the 8th, and arrived at Hyderabad on the 21st April, having been absent six months and twenty-live days. Tlie regiment remained in quarters at Hyderabad till the 27th December, 1845, December 27th, ist:.. ; during which much correspondence took place between Captain Jacob and the Government relative to the augmentation and organization of the corps, from I which the following extracts are given : — 9th June, 1845. oti. .T.me, 1845. My dear Jacob, I have a letter from Sir H. Hardinge by me ; he seems displeased at us ; he insists on the Irregular Corps of both armies being on the same footing, and so far I agree with him. However the question resolves itself, as I understand his letter, I to this ; that if I wish it he will leave your regiment on the establishment fixed ',h\ Lord Ellenborough, 1st June, 1844. But if I have another regiment it must be on the Bengal establishment for IiTCgular Horse. I copy his words. " If on mature consideration you prefer that the corps should remain as it is I will not dis- turb Lord E.'s arrangement, 1st June 1844; if, as I maintain, the advantage is obdous to the Scinde Irregular Horse, when mixed with regiments on the Bengal system, let me know, and I will officially decide upon it. But if the second regi- ment be raised both must be on the establishment of the Bengal Irregular Horse. If it results then that I must, which I prefer to have, two regiments on Bengal establishment, or yours alone of 1 ,000 men in six troops, now let me know your opinion directly, as a guide for my own." I have no time for moi-e, post is going. Yours faithfully, (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. I have not time to send extracts, so I send you all the letter, except a paragraph containing a subject between Sir Henry and myself ; let me have the letter back in double quick. Calcutta, May 22nd, 1843. May 22nd, i8i.r My dear Napier, I have here the whole of the papers before me relating to the Scinde In'egular Horse. 2. — I must obseiTC that in November last I attempted to remedy the incon- venience pointed out by you ; namely, that the establishment of June, 1844, had too many men and too few officers. 3. — That establishment was six troops and 1,000 suwars. The establishment proposed by me was eight troops and 800 men, in which altered proportions every cavahy officer here concun-ed. 4. — I stated that the earliest steps should be taken to place the Scinde IiTcgxilar Horse on the revised establishment of a regiment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry. 5. — It was distinctly stated that the pay and allowances of the corps are calcu- lated according to the scale originally fixed, and which must necessarily be allowed for the present to continue undisturbed. 6. — The serious inconvenience was that adverted to of fixinsr the establishment of regiments for the Scinde Horse superior to what is allowed to regiments of Bengal IiTCgular Horse, performing the very same duties in Scinde. 7. — Captain Jacob states that so far from any of the defects of the establishment being remedied they arc all very much increased. He does not state in what respect he makes the assertion, and complains that four jemadars would have to be reduced, but he gained two russuldars by having eight troops instead of six, F 4 74 RECORDS OF THE May 22nd, 1843. and as to the injuiy which his officers would experience, you are aware as soon as your recommendation was assented to of having a second regiment of Scinde in-egular Horse, that all these matters are rendered easy by the promotion of the officers of the old corps, &c. 8. — He also complains that it is very cruel and impolitic to reduce the means and lower the condition of such men after they have expended half the period of their lives in and hard service * * * ***** for any arm, and to adhere to it. The Bengal Irregular Horse may not be on so perfect an establishment as Captain Jacob may be able to suggest, but it answers all its purposes, and we know" it is" the commander, and not the establishment of a regiment, which makes it good or bad. In 1837 the infantry of the three Presidencies, as well as the regular cavalry, were all to be paid henceforth at the same rate, viz. : — the Bengal rate ; and now there is no difficulty * * * * * a whole army is rendered useless for service in Scinde, and that we are obliged to send these Madi'as regiments to Aden to the provinces and to the straits, the foreign semce pay and family pension rendering it impossible to intermix them with Bengal and Bombay troops. If the Scinde Irregular Horse should by sudden disease and prostration of strength be required to be removed to Bengal, which furnishes the men, they would create discontent by their superior allowances w^hilst cantoned in Bengal. The Bengal IiTCgular Horse seizing in Scinde ought to be paid 30 rupees while serving in Scinde, the same as the Scinde Horse. These corps, when they return to Bengal, willingly revert to 20 i-upees a month. The same rule is now prac- tically carried into effect as regards the infantiy of the two Presidencies. The Bombay soldier who enlisted previous to 1837 receives one rupee a month batta more than the soldier of the same army who enlisted after that date, and he receives that additional rupee more than the eldest Bengal sepoy, because good faith in adhering to the terms of his enlistment required that he should receive it. When the reference was made to me, I think last October, it was so ruled. These corps when they return to their presidencies fall back in their ordinary pay, and are contented ; I am going to increase this pay by two rupees, in addition to what they now receive ; and each infantry soldier in Scinde will, in cantonments, receive three rupees eight annas more than he does in his own presidency ; and I have no doubt but that the ser^dce by this means will becoine more satisfactory. In my view of the Scinde In-egular Horse raised for sei'\"ice in Scinde, it would be more humane and just to raise each of the two regiments upon the Bengal estab- lishment, stipulating that whilst they served in Scinde they shall receive thirty rupees, and if transfeiTed to Bengal or Bombay, be there paid the same as every other iiTegular regiment of cavalry, with the exception of Poona Irregular Horse, fi-om which they sprung, and which will be reformed at an early period. Thus, when an irregular cavalry corps served in Scinde, its pay would simply be raised one-third to the Scinde rate ; whenever circumstances imperatively required it to be moved into a presidency it would share the fortune of every other regiment, namely, twenty rupees, instead of thirty rupees. I prefer that the Scinde In-e- gular Horse should be a local corps, and if they continue to serve there, their pay will not be reduced, and we shall not be obliged to send reluctant reliefs to Scinde ; but if the corps of Scinde Irregular Horse should plead their sei-vices in Scinde — if, as Captain Jacob says, the Irregular Horse are better off in Bengal than they are in Scinde, and a feeling should arise followed by a demand which in policy, justice, and humanity, you would not refuse, that they ought to be re- lieved , then it is desirable by the nature of their engagement that there should be no difficulty. If, therefore, a 2nd regiment Scinde L'regular Horse be raised, the opportunity should be taken of placing both on the Bengal establishment, by promoting and transfen-ing officers from the old corps into the new. The grades are more ad- vantageous than those of June, 1844 ; no individual can suffer ; the pay will be precisely the same, with the sole proviso, that when serving out of Scinde they shall receive the same rates of pay as every other regiment of Bengal Irregular Horse. If they crossed into the Punjaub they would receive no higher pay than Scinde pay, that is, nearly the same as the foreign service pay of our Irregular Horse, and in every point of view this arrangement is to be prefened. And now I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 75 a word or two on the Belooch Infantry corps : — you must take care that theu' May 22nd. 1843. pay as a local or military one be below that of the regular army. Our regular troops have claims to consideration, and to superior pay in consequence of the distance from their homes ; and I should be glad to hear on what establishment you propose to place them . i ****** I H. HARDINGE. ! I beg to have your answer on the Scinde Iiregular Horse. If on mature con- Isideration you prefer that the corps should remain as it is, I will not distui'b Lord Ellcnborough's an-angement of June, 1844. If, as I am certain, the advantage is obvious to the Scinde Irregular Horse to be raised both regiments on the Bengal system, and I will officially decide upon it ; but if the 2nd regiment be raised, both must be on the establishment of the Bengal Irregular Horse. My dear Jacob, I never answered your letter of the 21st June, because, till I heard fi-om Sir i:>th August, 1845. H. Hardinge, I had nothing to say. I now have had my answer from him, which I send you. I am quite sure he does not mean to give additional pay above home rates to the officers ; judge for yourself. You say, " I hope I am not again puz- zling and annoying you ; " you never did either puzzle or annoy me. I was only laughing when I wished you and Sir Henry at the devil ; and as to trouble, I would walk 100 miles to serve either the chief or the corps ! I wish you could manage the matter quick. I think we shall now. I hope Yours tinilv, (Signed) "C. NAPIER. EXTRACT. " You are of opinion with me, that although it would be more convenient, with " a view to get rid of the question of reliefs, that the Scinde Horse should be local, " yet that circumstances will occur when it may be indispensably necessary to " send a regiment of Irregular Horse back to its native provinces, in which case " no difficulty would occur if the corps had been raised on the Bengal establish- " ment, that is, to receive 26 rupees serving in Bengal, and thirty rupees in Scinde. " But you have a difficulty to meet in the existing Scinde Irregular Horse. " These men engaged to seiTe in Scinde for thirty rupees, and they could not "fairly be reduced to twenty-six rupees on leaving Scinde. If, therefore, the old " Scinde Horse are to be augmented and formed into two regiments, each on the " Bengal establishment, all men hereafter enlisted, must be enlisted at the Bengal " rates, receiving thirty rupees only when they sen^e in Scinde.* The men pre- * This was altered " viously enlisted will in every case be entitled to thirty rupees. afterwards, uWe letter " But all non-commissioned officers and officers promoted will receive only the the"28trNov.,T8T5° " Bengal rates, and the whole establishment will be fi'amed precisely in the pro- " portions laid down for a regiment of Bengal Irregular Horse ; the men now in "the corps and the officers and non-commissioned officers not promoted being " deprived of no advantages which by their original engagement to serve in Scinde " they may be entitled to receive. I w'ould still designate the two regiments as " the Scinde In-egular Horse, and the longer the men can be kept there con.sist- " ently with their efficiency and contentment the better. "I shall be obliged, in order to obviate the inconvenience complained of, to " raise the pay of the 6th and 9th Irregular Horse to thirty rupees, whilst serving " in Scinde for the suwars, leaving every other i-ink at their present rate of ])ay. " I annex a table showing what each rank receives in Hindostan and in Scinde, " and wdiat the Scinde Horse receives in Scinde. " If you find, that by having the whole of the promotion of the two regiments "you cannot overcome the difficulties inherent in the present rates of pay, I see " no remedy but gi-adually to lower the numbers of the Scinde In-egular Horse, " say to 600 swords, keep them according to the original intention as a local corps, " and to raise a new regiment for service in Scinde on the Bengal establishment "and rates of pay, giving to each suwar thirty rupees a month, and leavang ever}^ " other rank at the rates which those ranks now receive in the 6th and Dtli 76 RECORDS OF THE 15th August, 1845. " regiments while serving in Scinde. The compensation to the public for raising " a 2nd regiment of IiTegular Horse ?or Scinde to be given by sending back the " Bombay regiment of cavahy. " You see, my dear Napier, how veiy embareassing it is, even in so trifling an " affair as the organization of a regiment of cavalry, to get out of the difficulties " these engagements with native troops entail. " If Captain Jacob, under your orders, wiU give in a scheme of the plan by " which two regiments of 800 men each can be formed on the Bengal estabhsh- " ment, showing the effect of the promotions, in absorbing the gi^eater portion of " the Scinde local horses, allowances, and ranks, except the six Russuldars, who " must as they fall in be tilled up according to the Bengal rate, I will lose no " time in sending you the official authority. " I had wi'itten thus far when my Aide-de-Camp produced the General Orders " of the 13th March, 1843, by which the Scinde In-egular Horse is to be per- " manently annexed to the Bombay army. What effect will this have in your " determination ? "As to the standard, they have been made up at Agra, and if not ah-eady " sent, I will give an order to have them foiT\'arded. (Signed) "H. HARDINGE." A RETURN, showing the pay of each Rank of a Regiment of Irregular Cavalry of the Bengal Estab- lishment whilst serving in Hindostaa and in Scinde ; also the pay granted to the Scinde Horse. In Hindostan, per Month. In Srinde, per Month. Scinde Horse, per Month. Russuldar Russaidar Naib Russuldar Jemadar Kote Duffadar 150 80 50 45 35 28 20 200 107 67 60 47 38 27 250 1 150 75 50 Duffadars 45 Suwars 30 24th August, 1845. _ , 24th August, 1845. My dear Jacob, I have foi-warded your scheme and backed it up, but not as regards the Eu- ropean officers. It is bad to have officers posted just as a coi-ps is ordered on sei'vice, and worse in an irregular corps than in any other. I have recommended that the full complement of officers should be posted, Aaz., two adjutants, two subalterns, and two assistant-surgeons. I have no objection to the second in command taking command of the 2nd regiment when detached ; on the contrary, I think it good, and better than "two commandants" and "a commandant-in-chief," w^hich is inconvenient to the sendee when troops are collected in large bodies. I have, therefore, made no change in this. As my \Tiew will add to the cost ; I daresay yours will be preferred. I dislike half officering a corps. I have had too much experience in forming corps not to know that it is bad, but having said so I did not press my own view upon Sir Hemy, because you are Ukely to outstay me in Scinde ; and while you command the regiment I do not care how it is con- stituted ; but these things ought to be arranged ; not as expedients for the mo- ment, but on a sound basis. As to the increased expense, I think that which is most complete is the most economical when speaking of troops. I hope they will give Malcolm the increased pay. Yours, C. J. NAPIER. 24th August, 1845. Hyderabad, 24th August, 1845. My dear General, I do not think that you quite understand my meaning about the European officers for my regiment, or my requesting they might be appointed as I mentioned. What I want is this, that if the increased corps be under my command it may be organized so as to be one whole, and not divided into two parts ; if there be two commandants (call them anything you please) under me my commanding the I II SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 77 whole would only be a souree of aiinoyance,to them ; and to i^ct on at all either ■.'4th August, i845. they or myself must be a cypher. If the second in command holds the separate icommand of half the corps with an adjutant of his own the case is the same with respect to him ; interference on my part would appear impertinent, and create dis- Icontent instead of doing good. What I want is to be the real commander, on whom every thing centres, or else to have nothing to do with the matter. When I said that if it were determined to separate the corps into two hereafter other lofficers might be appointed, I did not at all refer to half of it being detached on ■ ^ (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, (y'^t^c^Z^^^^A^'^ ISuliua Superintendent on the fi'ontier of U. S. At daybreak on the morning of the 27th the regiment proceeded en route, ar- nth January, is if.. 'rived at Rorcc on the 11th January, 1846. Thence proceeded to Subjulkote, in I the ten-itoiy of the Nuwab of Bhawulpore. At this place the regiment halted till the 8th Februarj', 1846, in company with the 4th regiment Bengal Native 8th February, i846. [Infantry and Captain L. Smith's battery. On the morning of the 9th February oth February, 1846. (the regiment marched en route to Bhawulpore, at which place it arrived on the 16th February, 1846, in company with the Scinde Camel Corps. ifith February, i8ir>. The Scinde Horse remained encamped at Bhawulpore, forming part of the army under command of General Hunter, C.B. On the breaking up of the Indus field force, and after all the other coqis had departed to their different destina- tions, the regiment on the 18th March, 1846, marched en route to Hyderabad. i nth March, i846. While at Bhawulpore the order was received for the re-organization of the old regiment of Scinde Horse, and the raising a new one, both under the command of Captain Jacob. GENERAL ORDERS, by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India. Camp, Ferozepore, 17th January, 1846. nth .laimary, iH4ii. The Right Honorable the Governor- General of India is pleased to resolve that a second regiment of irregular cavalry, to be called the 2nd regiment of Scinde Hor.se, shall be immediately i-aised in Scinde, and attached, like the first regiment, to the Bombay army. 2. — Serious inconvenience to the public service having always resulted from troops of the same arm serving in Scinde and performing duties precisely similar, being in receipt of different rates of pay, and it being desirable that the troops of each arm at all the presidencies should be assimilated as far as may be practicable, the Governor-General avails himself of this opportunity to direct, that the 1st and 2nd regiments of Scinde Horse be placed in point of organization, establish- ment and pay, on the same footing as a regiment of Bengal irregular cavalry, serving in Scinde, reser\ang however to present incumbents in the 1st regiment the existing rates ofpay inthc few instances in which it exceeds * the Bengal scale. » J.madars. Kote 3.— The 1st and 2nd regiments of Scinde Horse will accordingly consist of ^"'^'»^^' '^""'»''*^- eight Ressalas each, amounting to 800 sabres of all ranks, and, as shown in the annexed statement, the various ranks in both regiments will be exactly the same as those of the Bengal iiregular cavahy, each commissioned and non-commis- sioned officer and suwar, with the few exceptions referred to in the preceding paragiaph, receiving the same pay as the con-esponding ranks of the regiments of Bengal iiTcgular cavalry, sendng in Scinde. 4. — The commission and non-commissioned officers required for the new regi- ment will be drawn from the existing one, the necessary promotions being made to complete their number, and the individuals to be selected for promotion in the several gi'ades should be those who combine the best character with the longest service. a. — In the few cases in which commissioned officers may now be in the receipt of higher pay than they would receive on piomotion to the next superior ranks, under the new arrangement the excess will be drawn for tluiii as a separate 82 RECORDS OF THE 17th jauuary, 1846. cliavge, as loDg as it may be necessaiy to secure them from loss ; and the Rus- suldar Major of the 1st regiment, to whom no successor will be appointed, will remain supernumeraiy on his present pay, till he vacates his appointment. 6. — The suwars of the 1st regiment who may become supernumerary under the new arrangement, and not be absorbed by promotion in the 2nd regiment, may, at their option, remain supernumerary in the 1st regiment or be transfeiTcd to the 2nd regiment. 7. — ^The Governor- General deems it expedient, that for the present the 2nd regiment of Scinde Horse, as well as the 1st, should be under the command of Captain Jacob, in order that he may superintend its formation and drill. A com- mandant will be appointed hereafter ; and, in the meantime, His Excellency Sir C. Napier, in communication with the Bombay Government, will be pleased to appoint a second in command, an adjutant, and assistant-surgeon. 8. — His Excellency Sir C. Napier is requested to issue such subsidiary orders as may be necessary for raising, with all convenient expedition, the 2nd regiment of Scinde Horse. STATEMENT. 64 8 8 688 RANK AND DESIGNATIONS. Eight Ressalahs. Commandant 2nd in Command . Adjutant Assistant-Surgeon . Russuldars Russaidars Naib Russuldars . Jemadars Kote Duifedars . . . DufFedars Nishan Burdahs . Trumpeters Suwars Staff. Wordee Major Nukeeb Wukeels English Writer Persian Writer Native Doctor, 1st class . . Total of each Pay. 2nd class Non-Effective. Trumpet-Major . Establishment. Lascars .... Bheesties . . Chowdree . . Mootsuddee Flagmen . . Contingencies. Stationery Match Allowance for 688 ... . Mess Allowance 200 107 67 60 47 38 38 34 30 30 25 Total. 1000 500 456 10 530 4 800 428 536 480 376 2432 304 272 20640 140 30 240 54 40 30 50 6 10 8 Grand Total. 6 10 8 6 4 Total. 1 6 53 5 4 48 14 10 8 6 10 8 12 30 64 8 60 287.54 14 879 13 4" 29634 11 4 (Signed) J. STUART, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Goverment of India, Military Department with the Governor-General. (True Copy.) J. STUART, Lieutenant-Colonel, ; Secretaiy to Government of India, 5 Military Department with the Governor- General. (True Copy.) (Signed) " E. BROWN, Secretary to Scinde Government I I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 83 Lieutenant Merewether appointed second in command, Lieutenant Green and ir.th February, i84C. Ensign Collier appointed adjutants. EXTRACT from General Orders by the Honorable the Governor in Council. Bombay Castle, 13th February, 1846. isth February, i846. No. 121 of 1846. The following appointments have been made consequent on the formation of the 2nd regiment Scinde Irregular Hoi-se : — Lieutenant W. L. Merewether, of the 2Ist regiment N. L, and adjutant of the 1st regiment, to be second in com- mand of the 2nd regiment Scinde Irregidar Horse. Lieutenant W. H. R. Green, of the 19th regiment N. L, to be adjutant of the 1st regiment Scinde Irregular Horse. Ensign J. A. Collier, of the 7th regiment N.I., to be adjutant of the 2nd regi- ment of Scinde IiTee:ular Horse. (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Camp, Bhawulpore, 1st March, 1846. istMardi, i84fi. 1. — Consequent on the G.G.O. 17th January, 1846, the following transfers, irrangeraents, and promotions are ordered, subject to the necessary confirmation af Government : — SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE.— 1st REGIMENT. No. PRESENT RANKS. Commandant 2nJ in Command .... Lieutenant Assistant-Surgeon .... Russuldar Major ... Russuldar do do Jemadar Jemadar and Nat. Adjt Jemadar do do Kote Duffedar do do Duffedar do do do Kote Duffedar Duffedar John Jacob G. Malcolm W. H. R. Green S. M. Pelly Sir Feraz Khan Meer Farrand Ali Mcyboob Khan Mohbut Khan Shaik Guffoor Mahomed Shaik Peer Bux Wallce Khan Shaik Kurreen Goolam Hossein Khan . Shaik Nizam Ali Meer Ussud Ali Shumshere Khan Nujjut' Kiian . Kanidar Khan Hj'der Khan Munneernm Azum Khan Ahmed Khan Kunnaie Sing Meerza Ahmed AH Bey. Davec Sing Meer Saadut Ali Raghoba Dial Adjoodca Pursaud Sowaie Khan Ilussnm Khan G 1 NEW RANKiS Commandant '2nd in Comm.ind Adjutant Assistant-Suriiron Russuldar Mi.jnr Russuldar do do do Wordee Major Russaidar do do do Naib Russuld:ir do do do do do do do Jemadar do do do do do do do REMARKS. 84 Ist March, 1846. 6th April, 1846. RECORDS OF THE SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE.— 2nd REGIMENT. No. PRESENT KANKS. NAMES. NEW RANK. REMARKS. 1 1 1 1 1 Commandant Lieutenant and Adjutant Ensign Assistant-Surgeon Russsuldar Jemadar do J. Jacob \V. L. Merewether J. A. Collier F. Ellis Alladad Khan Nuwab . . Alladad Khan Belooch . . Ghous Khan Wordee Major Russaidar do do do Naib Russuldar do do do do do do do Jemadar do do do do do 1 Shaik Abdool Nubbee . . Shaik Mahomed Shaik Ali Abdool Kadur Khan .... Yazil Mahomed Shumshere Khan Futlay Mamoor Khan . . 1 do \; do 1 do do Kote Duffedar Duffedar Jellal Khan ' Syud Rehim Nujjeeb Khan Abdoolah Khan Shaik Alaoodeen Shaik Khaja Bux (By order.) (Signed) W. L. MEREWETHER, Lieutenant, Acting- Adjutant. 25th March, 1846. Lieutenant Malcolm proceeded on recruiting service to the Deccan. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Camp, Mummoo Kinda, 25th March, 1846. 1 . — The undermentioned men will proceed this evening en route to the Deccan for the purpose of recruiting, under the command of Russuldar Shaik Abdool Nubbee, who will, upon arrival at Poonah, place himself under the orders of Lieutenant Malcolm, second in command, 1st regiment, who will proceed du'ect by sea. (By order.) (Signed) W. L. MEREWETHER, Lieutenant, Acting- Adjutant . Russuldar-Major Sir Fei-az Khan, deceased, in Hindostan, on the 20th March, 1846. i REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse. Camp, Helanee, 6th April, 1846. 1 . — It is with great grief that the commanding officer has heard of the death of Russuldar-Major Sir Feraz Khan, in Hindostan. During thirty years, as a commis- sioned officer, Russuldar-Major Feraz Khan has always been highly distinguished for the excellence of his conduct in quarters and in the field. Since Captain Jacob has commanded the Scinde Irregular Horse the Russuldar-Major has played a con- spicuous pait in all the ardous services performed by the regiment, and has been fi'equently mentioned with praise in the public despatches of Government for his SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 85 gallantry in action. On every occasion he afforded the commanding officer the cth April, i84G. most valuahlc support and assistance, and set an example, both as an officer and a gentleman, to the other officers of the regiment, which greatly contiibuted to the good character of the coqis, and even now that he is gone %vill still be felt. The commanding officer deeply regi'cts the loss the regiment has sustained in the death of Su- Feraz Khan ; his name will long be remembered in the Scinde Horse with respect and admiration. The hoises of the Russuldar-Major are to remain in the name of his son Lall Khan until further orders. (By order.) (Signed) W. L. MEREWETHER, Lieutenant, Acting Adjutant. Th regiment arrived at Hyderabad on the 14th April, 184G. The formation nth April. i846. of the 2nd regiment proceeded rapidly. j Lieutenant Malcolm returned from recruiting, and rejoined head-quarters at October, i846. Hyderabad. Both regiments, now complete in numbers, remained at Hyderabad till the 20th December, when the 1st regiment, under the personal command of 20tii December, i846. Captain Jacob, marched for Upper Scinde, reached Roree on the 4th January, 11847 ; immediately crossed the Indus, and proceeded vici Shikarpoor (w'here a 'detachment of 60 men was left under Russuldar Shaik Abdool Nubbee) to Khanghur, where the regiment arrived on the 9th January, 1847. 9th January, i847. . Under instructions from Colonel Forbes, commanding at Shikarpoor, and [Greneral Hunter, C.B., commanding in Upper Scinde, Captain Jacob assumed [command of the Frontier, and detachments were sent to the out- posts of Meer- ^poor, Shahpoor, Del Morad ke Ghurree andRojaun. INSTRUCTIONS from Colonel Forbes, commanding at Shikarpoor. Camp, Shikarpoor, 7th January, \8^^ 7th January, isy!' Sir, The following are a few preliminary instructions which may be necessaiy to put you in possession of before quitting this for Khanghur : — 1 . — On the an-ival of your regiment at Khanghur the whole of the frontier out- posts, as also that of Shahpoor, are to be under your orders. 2. — You have full power to reinforce any outpost, should you deem it requisite, as a temporary measure, reporting the same. 3. — You are to use your utmost endeavours to cut off any marauding paity entering our frontier, but you arc on no account to proceed into the territory of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, or that of the Khan of Kelat, except in the pursuit of robbers. 4. — You are on no account to enter the hills. 5. — A report of the state of the country to be sent in weekly to the Assistant- Adjutant General, Kurrachee, for the Governor's information, and a copy of the same to be sent to the officer commanding at Shikarpoor. 6. — A weekly state of your regiment and out-posts to be furnished to the officer commanding at Shikarpoor. Further instructions appear to me to be unnecessaiy, for I feel confident, mth the knowledge you possess of the country and its inhabitants, as also with your experience and judgment, our frontier will be but little infested by the hill tribes in future. I have the honor, &c. (Signed) D. FORBES, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Shikarpoor and Frontier. To Major Jacob, commanding 1st regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, Shikarpoor. INSTRUCTIONS by Captain Jacob to Lieutenant Merewether, commanding cin. January. 1847. Shahpoor outpost. You are to proceed to Shahpoor with a detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse, and assume command of the post at that place. g2 86 RECORDS OF THE 9th January, 1847. At this time there was a strong post at Shahpoor and another at Rojaun, both within the Kelat territory, while Khanghur itself belonged to Meer Ali Morad. 9th January, 1847. 15th January, 1849. You are to use your best endeavours to obtain information and keep me in- formed of any movements, or intended movements, of marauders towards the British territoiy of Scinde, and are to do your utmost to cut off all parties of robbers moving within your reach, in or towards the British temtory, always, sending timely notice to me if possible, but on no account to proceed into the territory of Meer Ali Morad, or of the Khan of Kelat to the westward, except in the immediate pursuit of robbers, and are not to trouble yourself about the pro- ceedings of plunderers in the territories of these princes. On no account what- ever are you to enter the hills in pursuit of robbers, or otherwise. A weekly state of the post of Shahpoor to be sent to me every Monday. All extraordinaries to be reported immediately. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Khanghur, 9th January, 1847. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 4 of 1847. Sir, Khanghur, 9th January, 1847. I have the honor to report, that I this day an-ived at Khanghur with the regiment under my command, and assumed command of the frontier outposts. A ti'oop of the Scinde In-egular Horse, under the command of Lieutenant Mere- wether, proceeds to relieve the party of the 4th Rifles at that place. I have the honor to bring to your notice that the wells at this place are now quite incapable of supplying water for the number of men and horses here, and when cleaned out will require extensive repairs to the brickwork. The wells also at Janedeyra, in which formerly the water was never known to run short, are also now in very bad order, partly choked with mud, and aftbrd a scanty supply. The wells at Rojaun are even in a worse state. I shall lose no time in doing my best to improve the supply of water, but meanwhile I fear my horses will suffer much. I beg leave to point out that a place known as Dil Morads Ghurree, between Khg>nghur and Meerpoor, is a far better place for a small party to be posted than Mobaruckpoor, and to request permission to place a party accordingly. I have also the honor to report, that two men, by name Dil Morad and Meerul, have been engaged by Captain Fitzgerald at 20 rupees per mensem, with fourteen horsemen at 1 5 rupees each, to watch the watering places between Meerpoor and the hills, and that so posted, these men appear to me to be of the gi'eatest pos- sible use, and if they do their duty properly, no party of robbers can move towards Scinde without timely information being given to the various posts. These men's posts are dangerous, and their duties can only be performed by bold men of the same habits and appearance as the robbers, and not generally known to be in our service. I should strongly recommend that I be allowed to retain them in Government employ at the rates of pay above mentioned. The lines at this place are in a ruinous state ; and I have the honor to request that I may be allowed to make the necessary outlay to place them in repair. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Shikarpoor, 15th Januarjr, 1849. My dear Jacob, By desu-e of General Hunter, I send you a letter of the Governor's for your perusal, by which you will see that he wishes you to make any bundobust you like for the safe keeping of the fi'ontier ; he says you are the best judge, and I perfectly agree with him. I think myself it would be a good plan to reduce the Shahpoor post to a subaltern's party, which would prevent the chance of a senior officer to you being sent out ; besides, I should say, that fifty men with your troop would be quite enough for anything, and then again fifty men at Meerpoor ; when you decide on this point let me know, and I will recommend it to the General. You arc to have charge of the frontier, and pay your own spies for information as you think fit, but it is never to exceed 100 rupees per month — and which is considered a liberal allowance. Send the Governor's letter back sharp, as I have to return it to the General. Yours sincerely, (Signed) D. FORBES. I) SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 87 No. 79 of 1847. Uth January, 18-17. Assistant Adjutant-General's Office, Kurrachec, 15th January, 1847. To Major- Genei'al Hunter, C.B., commanding in Upper Scindc. 1 Sir, ' In reply to your letter of the 1 1th instant, with one in original from Captain I Jacob, commanding the Scindc Irregular Horse, I am directed by His Excellency ! Licutenant-Gcneral Sir C. Napier, G.C.B., to forward to you his remarks and orders thereon in original, having refei-encc to the arrangements on the frontier posts. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General. (True copy.) (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major- General. RE.MARKS AND ORDERS. 15th January, 1847. ISth January, 1847. 1st. — The wells are to be immediately put in repair in all the outposts. 2nd. — Tliere is a new baiTack at Mobarukpoor — I cannot build another ; this was the place recommended to me last year, but if General Hunter thinks it ad- visable to place a temporaiy post at Dil Morad, I have no objection. 3rd. — I agree with Captain Jacob in the utility of the men placed at the wells by Lieutenant Fitzgerald, and I will sanction their being continued ; but to cover the expense I will cut off the pay given to the Kyheerees, which last tribe have been useless, and must take care of themselves like other people. 4th. — Put the lines at Khanghur in repair ; but I cannot understand why the executive engineer did not rei)ort their ruinous state before ; he must send in the estimate for Lord Hardinge immediately, foi-w arding the same to the superintend- ing engineer, Major Peat. I request that no time may be lost in sending this estimate. 5th. — I agree with General Hunter, that the men kept at the w^ells as scouts can only be required for the present moment. I have proposed means to the Governor-General, which, if adopted, will render scouts unnecessary. Gth. — I cannot comprehend how fourteen of our camels could be earned off; surely they had a proper guard. I wait with great anxiety to hear how such an insult to us could possibly take place. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Lieutenant-General. (True copy.) (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major- General. Regarding the party at Dil Morad ke Ghurree, you will use your own judg- ment ; if thought the most advisable situation, I dare say Dil Morad will furnish quarters, but no expense must be incurred. (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major- General. 15th January, 1847. ISth January, 134? My dear Hunter, I pray you to make sure that the officers of the 3rd Cavalry do not dispute the sun'ey. I think you will agree with me that this must be inquired into, in justice to the senice, the regiment, and Colonel Stack. The story of his officers riding up to him beats all I have heard yet. However, Jacob will settle matters ; his officers won't ride up to him to run away, and if they cUd, the only turn he would make would be upon them, or I am much mistaken ! It is hard upon the sei-vice and the soldiers. Yours, &c., (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. Let Jacob put his detachments where he likes. When a man has to deal with such slippery chaps he must play hide and seek his own way, or he cannot do good ; but 1 cannot build new barracks ; I am not master, or matters should be different. (IVue copy.) (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major-Gencral. G 3 88 RECORDS OF THE I I'.ith January, 1847. Sukkui', 19th January, 1847 My dear Jacob, I have read both your letters ; the first I answered through Forbes — I hope to your satisfaction ; that received to-day I'll answer by sending you a letter, or rather a few remarks by the Governor, on what you have wi-itten to me, which I made known to His Excellency. I am writing about the Kosahs and others on the frontier going about armed ; I never much approved of that measure, but there was so bad a look out kept by the officers on the outposts since the 3rd Cavalry had them, that it was absolutely necessary for the protection of the in- habitants that they should be armed ; I am aware that it led to many evils and gave the people a wandering inclination after plunder, which greatly induced the! Boogtees to disturb us. I will now propose the old order of things — that no one shall carry arms, and that those found shall be forfeited, your arrangements being quite enough to protect the cultivators and others if they do not cross the desert. Believe me, yours sincerely, (Signed) G. HUNTER. Send me a return of the strength of all posts as you have now fixed them. G. H. My dear Hunter, The Kyheerees receive about 1,200 rupees per month. They are a cowardly useless set of vagabonds ; now I have made up my mind to put this 1,200 rupees at Jacob's disposal. He knows them as well as I do ; and he is at liberty to pay out of that sum the horsemen posted at the wells, and he may give or withhold the remainder from the Kyheerees, as he is satisfied or dissatisfied with their con- duct. This will be a fulcrum upon which he can work his old friends the Ky- heerees with a lever of gold, but I doubt this even being enough to make them bestir themselves. I have told the police to hand the money over monthly to Jacob, who can account with Younghusband for it. Yours, C. J. NAPIER. (Signed) (True copy.) (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major-General 20th January, iH4". Jauuary 20th, 1847, 5, p.m. My dear Jacob, I have been busy wi'iting since 8 o'clock this morning, so have little time or inclination to bother you with a long letter ; however, I hope now everything is to your liking. I have always thought the officer at Khanghur should command the fi-ontier, but only now have I been able to get the General to see it ; with you I have no fears of trouble even had I been to remain. I fear Islam Khan's answer to the General won't please much ; it has gone on to-day no doubt. Stack's misconduct (I fear I have not misnamed it) has caused a good deal of the insolent manner the chief of the Boogtees has adopted. Believe me, in haste, \ Sincerely yours, (Signed) G. HUNTER. EXTRACT of a Letter fi-om Captain Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, to Major-General Hunter, C.B., commanding in Upper Scinde. 21st January, 1847. Khaughur, 21st January, 1847. My dear General, Many thanks for your letter of the 19th, with the Governor's orders, &c. I hope you will be able to induce Su' Charles to keep up those miserable Kyheerees a little longer, two months at any rate ; for although they certainly have been useless enough and are a wretched cowardly set, yet just now they will be of use by the position they occupy ; thus all the roads by which marauders are wont to enter Scinde from the north and east have been shut up pretty effectually, and the rascals are now endeavouring to come out of the hills by the Goree, (the road SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 89 north of Poolijcc), and so down along the Lharee river by Rumdanec to the ^latJammry, i84r. westward of Rojaun ; two small parties have already come that way to look about them, and they mi,i>lit give us a good deal of trouble were the Kyhecrees at Pnolijee, Chuttur, Wuzzeera, Rundancc, &c., in league with them, or not against tlurn. Any marauders coming now by that road must pass through a large tract (if country hostile to them. Were it otherwise we could never touch a party of thieves, no matter how close the pursuit, for they would instantly disperse and tind safety in every village, hiding themselves and becoming " ghurreebs " in two seconds. I have a detachment at Dil Morad instead of Mobarukpoor, the former being, out of all comparison, the better position. We used to have this post at Gonia, three miles more to the south, which was then the best place, Dil Moi-ad's village not then being in existence. No expense will be incurred beyond ■M) rupees for clearing the wells. We shall take very good care of ourselves without tlic ban-acks at Mobarukpoor. I will send a return of the posts hnmcdiately ; tlicy are as follow : — Meerpoor 50 Infantry 45 horse Dil Morad ....,, ,, 3G ,, Khanu,hur ....,, ,, Head Quarters, S.I.H. Shahpoor . . 200 „ 90 Horse I am veiT sorry to hear you are still suffering from your wounds. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) JOHN JACOIJ. On the 20th of . January, 1847, a patrol from Meerpoor, consisting of 18 suwars, anth January, ibi? iinder command of Rehun Bux, Duffedar, came on a large party of predatory horse near Hassan ke Ghun-ee. The plunderers were dismounted and sitting on the gi'ound, but had a Aadette posted in the jungle at some little distance, which gave the alarm on the approach of the patrol, so that the enemy had time to mount ; there was a large deep nullah between the hostile parties, in endeavouring to cross which three horsemen received severe falls. Duffedar Rehun Bux, how- ever, with the remainder of his party, getting over as he could, fell boldly on the marauders, who fled at once without striking a blow ; the suwars pursued for about seven miles, cutting down and shooting five or six of the robbers, but night coming on no more could be done, and the duffedar and patrol returned to Meer- poor, bringing with them eight matchlocks, taken fi-om the robbers, who threw away every thing they had, to escape the more quickly. The marauding party turned out to have been composed of Kulpur Boogtees, and was headed by Kunmiond, brother of Allum Khan, the Kulpur chief. Kummond and anotlicr of the robbers afterwards died of their wounds received on this occasion. No. IG of 1847. Khanghur, 23rd January, 1847. 23rdJanu8ry, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report that a patrol consisting of a duffedar and 18 suwars of the Scinde Irregular Horse, which left Meerpoor at noon on the 20th, fell in with a large party (said to be 200) of mounted marauders towards evening at some wells at about three miles north of Hassan ke Ghurree ; there was a large and diflicult nullah running between the parties, and in crossing it three of the suwars received severe falls, but the remainder getting over, boldly charged the enemy, who inuuediatcly fled at speed towai'ds the hills, dividing into three parties, one of which the dufl'edar and jtatrol pursued for some seven or eight miles, cutting down some five or six of them, but night having set in, darkness prevented any more being done, and the party returned to Meerpoor, bringing with them eight matchlocks taken from the robbers, who also threw aw ay many more in their flight, to escape the more cpiickly. As soon as I heard of these ])lunderers being met with I sent a strong party of horsemen from Dil Morad ke Ghurree to Hassan ke Ghurree, and onwards in that direction ; proceeded myself with fifty men to Punnian, and beyond it, hoi)ing to intercept the predatory horse before they could reach the large hills. We were g4 23rdJanuary, 1847. 90 RECORDS OF THE out in the saddle all the night before last and all yesterday, returning to Khanghur (from which place we had proceeded about forty miles) yesterday at dark, but neither saw or heard anything more of the lootoos. I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, To Colonel Forbes, Commanding Scinde IiTegular Horse. Commanding at Shikarpoor. No. 19 of 1847. 25th January, 1847. Sir, Khanghur, 25th Januaiy, 1847. I have the honor to forward the accompanying weekly statement and copy of report, also to request that you will bring to the notice of the General that I have eveiy reason to believe that Dun-ya Khan and the Jekranees at Janeydeyra have been for a considerable time past frequently engaged in plundering expeditions, both within and beyond the frontier. Some time ago I wrote to you demi-officially, about Durrya Khan's having sent out fourteen horsemen on some secret expedition, and when an alarm was caused by the return of his own men at night, having written to me to report that some Boogtee horsemen were prowling about Janey- deyi-a. I have since received information that another party of Dunya Khan's horsemen left Janeyde\Ta and proceeded towards Thool about six days ago. These men have not yet returned : I have a good look out kept for them all. I have to day received such information as convinces me that these men (Jekranees from Janeyde\Ta) were the horsemen (with others from our own territoiy) fallen in with by my patrol from Meerpoor near Hassan ke Ghun-ee on the evening of the 20th instant, and that since we have been at Khanghur not a single lootoo has left the hills. The footmarks of the thieves when fii'st discovered dismounted at the well have been carefully examined and pronounced to be all those of shoes made at Jagun, the hill men's shoes being made a different shape altogether ; the gi-ain picked up from the horsemen's tobras is all Scinde grain — gram, muttah and jowaree ; the jowaree being that of Scinde, is perfectly distin- guished from that of Cutchee, which latter is the only gi-ain the hill men use. The stocks and matches of the matchlocks taken are different from those used by the mountaineers. No marks of a body of horse ha\dng come from the hills to the place where these men were first seen can be found. The evidence to me is conclusive that the robbers were fi-om our own ten-itory, principally composed of the Jeki-anees of Dun-ya Khan. I have also every reason to believe that this system of robbeiy has been carried on, without being suspected, for a considerable time past ; the plan has been to send the horsemen secretly beyond the frontier, and if they find plunder there, well and good ; if not they come suddenly down as if from the hills, and plunder in our own ten-itory ; when the alarm is given others of the Jekranees turn out to repel the lootoos, and all return comfortably to JanevdejTa, or otherwise the party flies across the frontier, disperses, and each man returns at his leisure. I beg most respectfully to submit as the result of long experience among these people that so long as Dunya Khan and his Jekranees are allowed to go about mounted and armed it will be impossible to keep this country quiet ; these people are the source of ten times more disorder than any men out of our own country, inasmuch as an insidious friend is more dangerous than an open foe. No men should be allowed to go about, pass and repass the frontier (as they now do) armed at all ; they cannot thereby in the least defend themselves from a real attack of the predatory tribes from beyond our territory, and never dream of such a thing. But the effect of it is that every man has it in his power to be either robber or ti-ue man at a moment's notice, just as suits his convenience. Allowing the people of this countiy to be armed appears to me, with all deference, to be fraught with unmixed evil to themselves. I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, To Colonel Forbes, Commanding Scinde Inegular Horse. Commanding at Shikarpoor. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 91 . No. 26 of 1847. 29th Jamiary, 1847. ^ Khanghur, 29th January, 1847. iSiR, ! I have the honor to report, for the information of General Hunter, C. B., commanding in Upper Scinde, that having received information that a party of 40 Jckranee horsemen had left Janeydeyra on a plundering expedition, 1 directed , the patrols of horse from the different posts under my command to look out for and seize them ; in pursuance of these orders, a patrol of the Scinde Irregular . Hoi-se last night fell in with and captured, about eight miles from Meerpoor, a party of 1 5 pi-edatory horsemen, on their return from a plundering expedition across the Britisli frontier. They were all w^ell mounted and armed, and had with them some sheep and cattle, which they had stolen ; eleven of the men were Jekra- necs of Toork Ali's, the remainder Doomkees, all from Janeydeyi-a. The men tell me that they went out and joined a plundering expedition of the Boordees, and looted in the hills. I have sent the prisoners to the Lieutenant of Police at Shikarpoor for safe custody until the General's pleasure shall be known. I beg leave also to bring to your notice that the town of Thool, a large place near Meerpoor, just within the territory of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, is a j)er- fcct nest of robbers, that rascals i'rom all parts of the country are in the habit of assembling there to plot villany, and that the place is almost always the point of assembly for plundering parties, both going out and returning. There are numbers of Jutts about Thool, who invariably keep the robbers well informed as to our jjroecedings ; and perhaps it may be thought advisable to address the Meer on the subject. Orders from him might easily put a stop to the state of affairs com- plained of. I have the honor to be, &c.. To Colonel Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. My dear Jacob, I was veiy much delighted with the success of your people against a party of Boogtees, which I have sent off' to the Governor ; for the last year I believe the 3rd Cavalry never sent out a patrol ; no wonder lootoos came in every direc- tion ; but I feel quite satisfied that they will now give over troubling our frontier ; let them go elsewhere if they please ; I feel so confident that your arrangements and activity will give peace to the country that I begin to regi-et my time of departure is so near. Under the 3rd Cavaliy management of the frontier, as I think I told you before, it was necessary to arm both Kosahs and Jckranees, but I never ap - proved of the thing, so I have written to the Governor for permission to cancel that leave, and not even at Janeydeyra to allow arms to be can-ied, and that you will guarantee their protection if it is so ordered ; those chaps, if allowed match- locks and swords, will go across the desert and plunder, or try to do so, leaving alone the cultivators of the soil. I have ordered out your detachment from Shi- karpoor on the reasons you have urged ; by the end of the month the 1 8th will be up, and then Shikar[)oor will be well guarded, but I myself have never had fcai- of any attempt being made on om* cantonment, though it was the fashion at one time to make it appear a probable event, but we are on another tack now. Believe me. Sincerely yours, Sunday, 4, p.m. (Signed) G. HUNTER. Sukkur, January 28th, 1847. a^^ti. January. i847. My dear Jacoh, I have yours of the 25th, in which you don't seem to blame Durrya Khan for the bad conduct of his people, as you do in your note to Forbes of the same date, which he received here yesterday, though 1 only received mine to-day with one of the 24th. Supposing your conference with Durrya Khan had changed your opinion of his guilt, 1 have not sent on the letter to Forbes to Sir Charles, but yours to my address, which clearly brings out what I have always said, that these chaps should not be allowed to cross the desert or to leave their own habitations 92 RECORDS OF THE 28th January, 1847. 27th January, 1847. at Janeydeyra. I shall not wait longer for permission to disarm the Jekranccs and Kosahs, but authorise you immediately to do so, to secure all that you can of those now out, and send them here prisoners ; this has been a sore subject to me, as you will observe by a copy of a letter I wrote to Captain Goldney in November. Where Mr. Hamilton is, or what he ever does, I am not aware ; he is under the collector, so I have no direct communication with him, but his post is JaneydejTa, and there he is not, so I shall report him. I am quite satisfied about your arrangements for the outposts, and hope before the hot weather commences all will be quiet, that you will not have to turn out much — the seizing a lot of those disobedient lootoo Jekranees, and sending them to Kun-achee, will do a great deal to restore peace to the frontier, because the others will keep quiet. Believe me. Yours sincerely. (Signed) G. HUNTER. P.S. Send the Jekranees in the first place in irons to Younghusband- a good jail — till I can get aiTangements made for their future disposal. -he has G. H. KuiTachee, 27th January. Dear Jacob, I know that your men are in excellent discipline, and that the sword affair has arisen from a misunderstanding. I have written to the Commander-in-Chief. The Scinde Horse must not be put under a rule which does not affect all regi- ments ; my own opinion is that all soldiers should wear their arms and be taught not to use them improperly. I shall have great pleasure in giving your 2nd regi- ment their new standard. It was a gi-eat disappointment to me not to see both regiments together, but there was no remedy, and, as matters have turned out, it was fortunate, and will save our arms from more disgi'ace, though I am sure that the 3rd Cavalry would have done their duty bravely, as they have always done when tried. I am willing to make every allowance for want of judgment, but in Colonel Stack's affair there seems to have been a direct flight, and that from the presence of an enemy whom he had deliberately sought, and whose numbers he perfectly knew, from the report of Lieutenants Moore and Greaves, before he marched against them. I had written so far when I received the account of your duffedar and his 1 8 when I have the official report I will thank him in General Orders. Believe me, faithfully yours, suwars (Signed) C. J. NAPIER. P.S. — I told Hunter to leave you to deal with the Kyheerees as you please. They have been playing tricks with the Boogtees and against the Murrees, which does not suit my book until I occupy Mittua Kote, which ought to have been done last March, had my advice been taken ; but I hope it will soon. C.N. 3ist January, 1847. Sukkur, 31 st January, 1847. My dear Jacob, I have both your demi's this morning, and am really glad you have caught those fifteen chaps, there remaining in jail until I hear from Sir Charles, it will be a warning to the others of the tribe. Since I have had command here I have always considered that we have been more plundered by our own subjects along the frontier, and the people of Boordieka, than we even have been by the Boogtees, Jekranees and Doomkees, under Beejah Khan ; and, really, since the two latter tribes became our subjects I doubt if their hands have been a bit less occupied in their trade of picking and stealing than when they were our enemies. Do you warn them that the same order will be out as two years in Captain Salter's time, when I directed any suspicious chap, Kosah or any other, to be sent into Bukkur Fort ; when they had half filled it the frontier was quiet. I am well aware of the sad wickedness at Thool, and through the whole of Ali Morad's country, on which subject I wrote to Sir' Charles a few days ago. Do with the marauders' arms as you please. I wish you to give it out, if any one will prove SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 93 the sheep and cattle to be his they will be restored. I think it not at all unlikely sist January, i»47 jthat they have plundered either in our own or Ali Morad's country ; there were several trials in Mr. Hamilton's court in the hot weather on Boordccs who had ■stolen Jckranec cattle in their possession, who were forced to give them up ; and Ithese should also be restored if the proper owners be found. I have not got yoiu- official yet — will, I suppose, to-moiTOW ; the Governor writes to mc he is not to be Commander-in-Chief in Bombay. Believe me, Sincerely yours, Very cold, indeed, at near 2, p.m. (Signed) G. HUNTER. Sukkur, Febraaiy 1st, 1847. My dear Jacob, Here are extracts from His Excellency's letter of the 27th, received this morning. " I have no objection to the disarming of the Jekranees, but do it so " as not to give them offence after their gallant conduct, as Lieutenant Moore re- " ports ! !" The Governor wont be so delicate about their feelings after he gets all the late rcpoi-ts. " I had written so far when your account came of the Duf- " fedar and 18 suwai-s beating the robbers ; I will thank him in public orders when " I have the report. The 3rd Cavalry Commander seems to have done us much " mischief. Matters will now assume their proper state under Jacob and his men. " As to the Kyheerees, let it be as Jacob mentions ; he knows them well, and I will " sanction his pajnng Dil Morad. Unless he, Jacob, be free to act he can do no ("good; but spend as little as possible consistently with success, for really the f" Military Board torment me to death. Inayut Shah is a knave ; let him know if i" I have any complaints from Captain Jacob I will arrest him and punish him [" severely." I will write to the Lieutenant of Police to send word to Inayut Shah that I have every reason to suspect him playing the rogue with us, and that he is in treaty with every lootoo and villain in the country ; there is now a strict watch to be kept on his actions ; and, if you have any reason to complain of him, that he will be immediately arrested. Now I think you have a pretty clear field before you, and I am v^ry glad it is so before I go away, and I am quite sure it will be done to the Governor's satisfaction at the same time. Without your hands being free to act as you thought best I was convinced the duty would only be half done, and you would have no satisfaction in your work. Believe me yours smcerely, But ten-ibly cold, (Signed) G. HUNTER. 1st February, 1817. Kurrachee, 1st February, 1847. Dear Jacob, I have yours of the 25th instant, which has perfectly astonished mc. What have Forbes, Hamilton and Younghusband been about ? Against my own opinion I was persuaded, like an ass, to allow the Jekranees to be armed. I long ago ordered their horses to be taken from them and sold. 1 have written to Hunter. I long to get his official on the subject. I have told hini to put the Jekranees and Lieutenant Hamilton under your orders ; they are bold fellows, and I dare say you will turn them to some account. Very faithfully yours. (Signed) 1st February, 1817. C. NAPIER. Sukkur, February 2nd, 1847. My dear Jacob, The (iovernor, you will see by accompanying, has taken an uncommon fancy for the Jekranees all of a sudden, so if the mares are not sold, keep them till we hear what he says to my letter telling him I had ordered their sale. It was by no advice of mine the Jekranees and Kosahs were armed, but it was almost ne- cessary for their protection when the 3rd Cavalry had the outposts. Now they have no such excuse. I know not exactlv what to think of Mr. Moore's conduct ; 2iid February, 1817. 94 RECORDS OF THE •2mi February, 1847. if tlie Jeki-anees were so bold, it says little for him that the only Boogtee killed was by a Jekranee. I hope you will be able to bring it home to some of those Jckranees, that part of the plunder brought in lately was from our own districts; that a deal of the looting all round has been by Kosahs and Jekranees. I have long beUeved it was the custom to cry them up as guiltless in every respect. I hope sincerely it will appear that the camels lately stolen was the act of Jekranees. I cannot believe otherwise, as how could Boogt-ees get into that quarter without being found out. I have yours of the 31st ; it has been a custom of long standing — the Zemin- dars giving out cattle to cany lootoos. Salter put it down once, but it has got up again. Believe me, sincerely yours, (Signed) G. HUNTER. 4th February, 1847. Lieutenant Hamilton, Commissioner, placed under orders of Captain Jacob. Sukkur, Febraary 4th, 1847. Sir, Under instructions fi-om His Excellency the Governor of Scinde, Lieutenant Hamilton is placed from this date under your orders, so is all the tribe of Jekra- nees now located at Janeydeyra; aU reports and information regarding them Lieutenant Hamilton, as commissioner, will make to you, and I wish you to com- municate to me any circumstance of their future conduct you may deem of im- portance. Taking into consideration the various reports I have lately received of the bad conduct of the Jekranees, suspicion is raised in my mind that the late robbery of' commissariat camels was committed by Jekranees, and not by Boogtees. I have: to request you will call on Lieutenant Hamilton to explain. 1st. — After the orders contained in my letter of the 25th November, to Captain Goldney, of which you have a copy, why Jekranees were allowed to leave Janey-, deyra, to cross the desert for plunder as they pleased, and if reported by Lieutenant i Hamilton ; to whom you will also make particular enquuy what exertions were used by that officer or the chief of the tribe to make prisoners of the men known to be out contrary to orders. 2nd. — I must be made acquainted with the date of Lieutenant Hamilton's leaving Janeydeyra, and of his return, and whether he was absent on any particular duty, leaving that of commissioner to be performed by whom — as it appears, fi'ora one of your letters, you had no one to communicate with on the affairs of the Jekranees. I suspect they were left to act as they pleased. 3rd. — The Jekranees are ready enough to get across the desert to attack and plunder, as they say, Boogtees. I would like explained how no turn out of them was made when Mr. Hamilton got the account of 14 Government camels being earned off from within a short distance of his house, which he was immediately made aware of, and only sent word to the party at Khanghur, but took no steps himself for the recovery of the Government property. Any other enquiry you may deem necessary as to the connivance of certain Jemadars of villages with the Jekranees in these plundering expeditions be good enough to institute or move. In particular I wish to be cleared up, where do the Jekranees get mares for these distant journeys ? If I am not mistaken, one year at least ago they were all sold. I have the honor to be, &c. To Captain Jacob, Commanding the outposts. (Signed) G. HUNTER, Major- General, Commanding in Upper Scinde. 5th February, 1847. No. 274 of 1847. From the Secretary Scinde Government to Major-General Hunter, C.B., Commanding the Troops in Upper Scinde. Dated 5th February, 1847. Sir, By direction I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated 28th ultimo, with its accompanying despatch from Captain Jacob, reportin"- on the Jekranees' misconduct at Janeydeyra, and with reference thereto to forward for your information the obsei-vations of His Excellency the Governor thereon. I have the honor, &c., Cainp Tatta, (Signed) G. W. BROWN, 5th February, 1847. Secretaiy to Scinde Government. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 95 OBSERVATIONS. 2n.l February, 1H47 Major- General Hunter encloses a report from Captain Jacob. I beg to call to .General Hunter's notice that I, perfectly knowing these men, waraed him on the 8th of May (eight months ago) what would happen, in the following letter : — i " 8th May, 1846. ! " You must look out for your convoys to Shahpoor, depend upon it the robbei*s '" mean to have a touch at them ; now mark ! I suspect the Jekranees are making l" a talk, and mean to plunder some convoy themselves and lay it on the Boogtees. i" This vou will say is a deep scheme, but it is just what such chaps are dabs at, [" and the only thing is to be up to their tricks. I suspect them hugely, how- ," ever, and warn you to keep a sharp look out on them." j That General Hunter sent this warning, which I gave him, to the police and 'outposts I have no doubt ; and, therefore, I have much to complain of. No experience of these was required cither by Lieutenant Hamilton or Lieutenant Younghusband, or the officers commanding outposts ; robbers are alike in all ages and all countries ; to deal with them only needs activity and reflection ; neither seem to have been employed till Captain Jacob amved, though the above icaution and common resolution in officers at outposts ought to have prevented lall this inconvenience which has taken place on the frontier. The details stated by Captain Jacob of the proceedings adopted by the Jek- ranees are exactly those which I fully expected, and to prevent which I placed Lieutenant Hamilton where he is. The Jekranees never should have been allowed to cany arms, and then* horses were positively ordered by me to be sold. It was Reported to me that they had been sold by auction, and the diiierence between their value and what they sold for was paid to the owiiers by Government. I have no papers by me to refer to, as Captain Brown is gone, but the transaction is veiy clear in my memory. Captain Jacob says he believes the system of robbery has been earned on without being suspected ; it was verj^ natural to believe so, but it was not the case, for my letter shews that I more than sus- pected it, and warned General Hunter eight months ago. I do not know what Lieutenant Hamilton imagines he was placed where he is for. I knew from the i first moment that these things were ine\itable, unless a British officer, by his zeal i and acti^aty on the spot preA'ented them, and I knew he could do so if he did his I duty ; and unless he can explain his conduct in a satisfactory manner to Major- i General Hunter, it will be my duty to request the Governor-General to recal him, land place another in his position. My original ordei-s are to be rigidly put in force, that no man is to cany ai*ms without a special permission, in wi-iting, from the Lieutenant of Police. I 2ndly. — No man is to quit the station of Janeydeyra without leave. 3rdly. — No man is to keep a horse except, which I now add, by permission, for [agricultural purposes, unless it be the Chief Durrya Khan, and his must in future be registered, as well as every horse for agriculture, and the register must be kept in the Jekranee officer's own wi-iting, that he may know and muster all the horses at any moment, and confiscate any that are absent at such muster, besides punishing the owner in any other way the officer commanding the frontier thinks proper, and which may be within his competence to inflict. As a magistrate, which Captain Jacob is, I leave it to Captain Jacob to carry through those rules at his discretion, for as there has been gi-eat neglect, to say the least of it, regarding these thieves, it would be unfair to be suddenly harsh without admonition being duly given and explained to men so wild, and that I will hang them if they go out plundering. But I repeat it, my determination is to make an example of those that refuse obedience. This renders it necessary that the Jekranees should clearly understand their position, and I desire Captain Jacob to explain this to them personally, which will be satisfactoiy both to himself and me ; it is impossible for me to do more than give general directions in minor points. The officer on the frontier must act on liis own discretion, rei)orting what he does. Lieutenant- Colonel Stack and his regiment had the outposts, and they seem not to have been aware of that, which is the chief duty of a regiment of light cavalry, or what has taken place could not in my opinion have happened ; but I attribute this mischief, mind, more to Lieutenant Hamilton than the officer commanding the outposts. I know that had there not been much neglect what has taken place, according to Captain Jacob's report, could not have occun'ed. 2nd February, 1847. (Signed) C. NAPIER, Lieutenant-General. 7lh February, 1847 96 Sir, RECORDS OF THE No. 33 of 1847. Khanghur, 7th February, 1847. Please to inform Durrya Khan that I wiU at once entertain a Jemadar at 20 nipees, and 15 of his suwars at 15 rupees each, for semace with me. The men to be all trustworthy and good guides, for which I shall hold DuiTya Khan re- sponsible ; any one of his men failing in the performance of his duty will cause the forfeiture of the pay of the whole. Tell Durrj-a Khan that the Jemadar and five of his men are to remain at Khanghur with me, five to be posted at Rojaun and five at Dil Morad ke Ghurree ; as soon as the men are ready, order him to send them to me for instructions ; theu- pay, 245 rupees, I will pay to Dunya Khan monthly. Be good enough to make him fully understand that I shall make him strictly responsible, that none of his tribe except the suwars now entertained, with or without his permission, go about armed to a gi"eater distance than two coss from Janeydeyi'a ; on any particular occasion, when men from Janeydeyra may wish to go armed to a greater distance than two coss, (the distance of Khanghur from Janeydeyra) they must apply to you for permission to do so, when, if you tliink proper to gi-ant it, give them a note to that effect, informing me of your having done so ; but please do not give such permission except when it appears to you that a real necessity exists. On no account are the men to be allowed to cross the British frontier. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, To Lieutenant Hamilton, Commanding Scinde Iiregular Hoi*se. Commissioner in charge of frontier tribes, Janeydeyra. No. 35 of 1847. 8th February, 1847. Khanghur, 8th February, 1847. Sir, With reference to yom- letter to me of the 4th February, I have the honor to forward the accompanying letter from Lieutenant Hamilton, Commissioner at Janeydeyi-a. It appears to me that the principal cause of the misconduct of the Jekranees has been theu* being permitted to remain half-owners of their mares, after the animal had been supposed to have been sold ; the sale, in fact, was merely nominal ; and the Jekranee and Doomkee plunderers have been in secret confederacy with numerous Zemindars in our temtoiy, and with other persons beyond it. It is not, I think, in my power to trace this confederacy through, its frill extent especially, now that since my having caught the Jekranees plunderers in the fact, armed, mounted, and with plunder in their possession, returning from beyond the British frontier ; eveiy man in the countiy in any way concerned in these plundering expeditions is anxiously endeavouring to conceal his connection with them. The collector and his subordinates could doubtless discover the whole matter. Four more of the men of the last plundering party have been im- prisoned by Lieutenant Hamilton ; but that officer informs me that he has only been able to lay hands on one of theh horses or mares, one having gone to Khyree GhuiTee, one to Lharee, and one to the Boordee countiy. It must be needless for me to remark on such a confederacy as is implied in this partnership of horses ; it leads to certain and evident evil. I have not the least doubt, but that wdth the powers now given me, I shall for the future be able entirely to put a stop to marauding, on the part of the frontier under my charge ; but entirely to put a stop to the connection between our own Zemindars and the plunderers will require the co-operation of the collector and his assistants, as also of the Kardars and others of the different \'illages. It appears to me, that we must prevent the disorderly proceedings of private plundering parties leaving our own ten-itoiy, before we can expect altogether to prevent marauders plundering our own people in return, and to be successftil in presei'ving perfect tranquillity on our frontier. I have the honor, &c.. To General Hunter, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding in Upper Scinde, Sukkur. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 97 Sukkur, 8th February, 1847. ^ti, Kchmary, im? My dear Jacob, , I have yours of the 6th. I am veiy glad the mai-es are sold ; I hope now really so, because, when formerly disposed of, it was only to those Jemadars of villages who are joint owners with the Jckranees, and had them when required, receiving in return a share of the plunder ; this was the practice of that double- faced \nriain Dil Morad, who had a joint mare with a Kardar just before he cjuitted the province two years ago, to go and join Beejar Khan, who, I believe, at this jmoment to be the best chap among all the parties, though he is a prisoner. I cannot myself declare you independent of the officer at Shikarpoor, but I will most strongly recommend the measure to Sir Charles, who I believe is perfectly aware you ought to be so ; it must not be done in a huny ; indeed, were we to propose it over much, he would likely go against it altogether ; if I meet him at Hyderabad I am sure to manage it in a moment. I I am very much gratified by your regi-etting my going away. I have every 'reason to he, sony at leaving Sukkur. I have commanded Bombay troops for one year, and have bad much satisfaction during the whole time. All have done their utmost to please me, and well have they succeeded. The entertainment given mc the other night was a right good one, and a very proud one to me ; sixty jBombay officers uniting to do me honor, a perfect stranger to two-thirds of them ; |but my repast was moi-e flattering than falls to the lot of many officers on their 'departure, but I assure you I feel the compliment gi'eatly, and shall remember the 5tb of February as long as I live. Make haste with the reply to my questions about Mr. Hamilton, who never, my idea, cared one pin about the Jekranees as long as he got his pay ; a chap ho has no heart in his work never does it well. Send me back also the Governor's etter ; I keep all those most carefully. I have a fine letter fi'om your new fGovernor, written as in old times ; prosperity and power makes no difference in [George Gierke, who has always been a princely fellow. Believe me, my dear Jacob, Sincerely yours, (Signed) " " G. HUNTER. No. 38 of 1847. Khanghur, 15th February, 1847. i.itii f\.bruary, is4; Sir, I have the honor to return herewith the accompanying letter from the Secretary of the Government of Scinde with observations by His Excellency the Governor, concerning the Jekranees on the frontier. I beg leave to state that the instructions therein contained have been already exactly followed, except as regards the register of horses, which shall be inmie- ;diately attended to. But no horses are ever used by these men for agi-iculture, I so that one horse for the Chief alone will be allowed ; this I ordered immediately ;on Lieutenant Hamilton and the Jela-anees being placed under my orders, giving I the men one week to dispose of the animals before seizing and confiscating them. I I have engaged a few of the Jekranees as guides in place of an cciual number of 1 Kyhcerees ; these men of course will not come under these niles, but be considered ;as policemen. The Jekranees have hitherto been able to command the use of horses whenever they were re(]uired, by the system which has existed of part owaierships in horses, kept by Zemindars and others all over the country; this is more difficult to I discover and prevent than keeping horses at Janeydeyra, and is far more liable to [abuse; but whenever an arrangement of this nature be found with the Jekranees, jl suppose that the horses are to be confiscated, just as if the Jekranees had the 'animals in their own possession. I From one part of His Excellency the Governor's observations, it appears that jan expression in one of my former reports on this subject had led him to think ithat I supposed that His Excellency had been bfind or had not suspected the misdeeds of these Jekrance robbers ; but I beg leave to state that no such silly idea entered my mind. I thought, and think still, that the proceedings of these Jekranees must have been unsuspected by the officer on the spot, for on no ot her 98 RECORDS OF THE ir>tii Febniary, 1847. suppositioii coulcl I accouiit foi' their being allowed for a day. For the future I feel certain that this part of the country may be kept as quiet as any other part of Scinde, and beg to assure you that every exertion and vigilance shall be used on my part to make it so. Having been placed in command of the fi'ontier, and receiving my instructions from you direct, I suppose that I am not to consider myself under the orders of the officer commanding at Shikarpoor, nor responsible to him, but under the officer commanding in Upper Scinde on the same footing as Lieutenant Fitzgerald at Larkhana. If under command of the officer at Shikarpoor, my position is somewhat uncertain, receiving instructions ft'om one authority and being responsible to another. To prevent mistakes I shall be obliged if you will be kind enough to have this directly mentioned in orders or otherwise. I have the honor, &c., To General Hunter, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 39 of 1847. 15th February, 1847. Khanghur, [5th Febraary, 1847. Sir, You will be pleased to observe and strictly enforce the following rules with regard to the Jekranees at Janeydeyi-a : — 1. — No man is to cany arms without a special permission, in writing, from the Lieutenant of Police. 2. — No man is to quit the station of Janeydeyra without leave ; if he does so he is to be imprisoned, and the circumstance reported to me. 3. — No man is to keep a horse except the chief Dun-ya Khan, and his horse you are to register, so that it may at once be recognised ; any other horses or mares you may find in possession of the Jekranees, not being in Government em- ploy as policemen, &c., you are to confiscate. You will be pleased to take mea- sures to discover and seize any horses or mares belonging to, or partly belonging to, the Jekranees of Janeydeyra, which may be kept for them in secret use by the Zemindars and others round about ; these horses are also to be confiscated. Be good enough also, to request the collector to have the kindness to cause this order about the horses to be made generally known throughout the country. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, To Lieutenant Hamilton, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Commissioner of Jekranees, Janeydeyra No. 42 of 1847. 16th February, 1847. Sir, Khanghur, 16th February, 1847. For the information of the officer commanding in Upper Scinde, I have the honor to forward herewith the weekly report of Lieutenant Hamilton, Commis- sioner at Janeydeyra. The instructions to Duriya Khan and the Jekranees therein alluded to, I have also fully given them personally. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 17th February, 1847. EXTRACT from Station Orders, by Major-General Hunter, C.B., commanding. Sukkur, Wednesday, 17th Februaiy, 1847. His Excellency the Governor of Scinde having placed Captain Jacob, of the Scinde Horse, in command of the frontier, he will accordingly only report to the officer commanding in Upper Scinde. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 99 Major-General Huntci- having; obtained His Excellency the Governor of Scindc's 17th Ki-bruary, 1847. permission to proceed to Tatta in anticipation of general leave to England, on furlough, cannot quit Upper Scinde without expresssing his regret at parting with the troops of the Bonil)ay army it has been his good fortune to command. To orticers and men the Major-General offers his best thanks and prayers for the prosperity of them all, who, by their upright and soldier-like conduct, have tended so much to his comfoit and luijipiness. We met strangers from different presidencies, and vvc part friends, and the pleasure of meeting an Upper Scinde acquaintance in any part of the world will always be hailed with delight by Major- . General Hunter. (True extract.) (Signed) JOHN COOPER, Majoi-, Major of Brigade. No. 364 of 1847. From the Secretary Scinde Government, to Captain Jacob, se. 18th February, 1847. i><'h February. 1847 Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. jSiR, I am directed to inform you that His Highness Meer Ali Morad Khan has I given instructions to his native officials atThool that all orders of yours are to be observed by His Highness' troops there stationed. I have the honor, &c., \ Camp, Hyderabad, (Signed) E. W. BROWN, 18th Februarv, 1847. Secretaiy Scinde Goverimient. No. 59 of 1847. To Captain Jacob, Commanding at Khanghur. 2Ctii February, 1*47. Sir, With reference to your letter, No. 41 , of 1847, of 1 6th instant, I am instructed by His Excellency the Governor to state, that no grain is to be sent from the neighbourhood of Meerpoor towards the Boogtee Hills ; consequently I have to request that you will be pleased to adopt adequate measures to prevent any further ex])oi-tation of grain from that quarter. I have the honor, &c., Shikai-poor, (Signed) G. St. BARBE BROWN, Major, 26th February, 1847. Commanding in Upper Scinde. The Commanding Officer has much pleasure in publishing to the regiment an 2;tii February, 1847. order of His Excellency the Governor, expressing his approbation of the conduct of Duffedar Rcjhun Bux and party, inaction with robbers near Hassan ke Ghurree, on the 20th January last : — EXTRACT fi-om General Orders, by His Excellency Lieutenant-Gencral 2na February, 1847. Su- C. J. Napier, G.C.B., commanding the troops in Scinde. Head Quarters, Kun-achee, Tuesday, 2nd February, 1847. The Governor has great pleasure in publishing to the troops in Scinde, that a party said to consist of 200 robbers were met on the frontier by a Duffedar and eighteen suwars of the Scinde Horse. This resolute officer, like a brave soldier, instantly charged and dispersed this band of robbci's. They fled, casting their arms away ; some of them were cut down by the suwars, but night falling, the pursuit became difficult, and the robbers escaped that severe punishment which they otherwise would liave received. The Licutenant-General thus publicly expresses his approbation of the detach- ment and its commandant. They have maintained the honor of the Scinde Horse. (Bv order.) (Signed) ' EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant- Adjutant (xencral. H 1 100 RECORDS OF THE 2nd Februaiv, 18-17. INSTRUCTIONS for the Outposts. 1 . — Sell eveiything taken from the robbers (except arms) and give the produce to the captors. 2. — As to arms, break firearms and send swords and shields to the arsenal, unless any English officer wishes to pui'chase them, in which case they may be sold for the benefit of the captors. 3. — As regards Toork Ali and his followers, if he or they transgi-ess, they are to be tried by a military commission at Shikarpoor. They shall, if they transgress, go to Aden if a military commission condemns them. 4. — As to taking Durrya Khan and twenty of his followers into pay, I have left the disbursement for the Kyheerees in Captain Jacob's hands, to apply as he thinks fit. 5. — There is not to be any commander in Upper Scinde. Each of the stations will have its own commander. Larkhana and the frontier posts must report to the officer at Shikarpoor, who is to report direct to head quarters, and not to Sukkur as before. 6. — If AUum Khan or any of the Boogtees be taken aUve in an encounter, let them be tried by a iTiilitary commission at once. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Kurrachee, 2nd March, 1847. Lieutenant- General, Governor. (True copy.) (Signed) G. St. BARBE BROWN, Major, Commanding at Shikarpoor. No. 65 of 1847. 31st March, 1847. Khaughur, 31 st March, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to forward herewith a Boogtee prisoner, one Khodadad Khan, caught on the 30th March by some horsemen from Shahpoor, on his return from a plundering expedition into Scinde with three other men ; two of these men escaped, the other two, father and son, drew their swords and fought ; the son was killed, and the father, this prisoner, taken. I have the honor, &c., To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 70 of 1847. 12th April, 1847. Khanghur, 12th April, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report that nothing of importance has occurred on the frontier under my command during the past week, with the exception of an attempt at marauding, on the 9th instant, near Shahpoor, by a small party of Kulpurs, who were fallen in with by a patrol from Shahpoor towards the KuUchat; the marauders refused to surrender, — drew their swords and fought; two were | killed and one taken prisoner, wounded ; there was only one other ol' the partyl seen who escaped. I have received information that the party of Boogtees (Kulpurs) encamped abovit Gundooee, have within the last three days been attacked and plundered of nearly all their cattle by the Muzzarees. I have the honor, &c., To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. No. 143 of 1847. 15th April, IS47. Shikarpoor, 15th April, 1847. SIR, With reference to your letter. No. 66 of 1847, relating to the Boogtees being supplied with grain, &c., through Boordeeka, and which I had the honor of trans- the information of His Excellency the Governor : — mitting toi SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 101 I am directed bv the Secretary to inform you that this subject has been frequently isti. April, i847. brought to the notice of His Highness the Aniccr, who always promises to order ithe practice to be put a stop to ; that His Highness' troops have already been instructed to attend to any orders they may receive fi-om you ; still it appears to His Excellency that the only mode of putting a stop to the practice is for you to he on the look out for such supplies being transported across the frontier, and to seize the convoy and make ])risoners of all jiarties belonging to it, or that you inav deem connected with it in any way. I have the honor, &c.. To Captain Jacob, (Signed) G. St. BARBE BROWN, Commanding the Frontier, Khanghur. Major Commanding at Shikarpoor. No. 79 of 1847. Khanghur, 26th April, 1847. 2Gth April, i847 Sir, II I have the honor to report that nothing of importance has occurred on the 'frontier under my command during the past week, with the exception of the extraordinary dust storm which occuiTcd on the 23rd instant, and the fire at Janeydeyra. The former has caused considerable damage all over the country, land nearly choked the wells at Rojaun, Janeydeyra and other places ; by the latter, besides the loss of life and property reported by Lieutenant Hamilton, the people of JaneydejTa have lost much cattle, burnt to death. f I have the honor, &c., • To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Captain, X^ommanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. [ No. 85 of 1847. ' Khanghur, 8th May, 1847. stUMay, isi; Sir, I have the honor to report that on the 4th instant a small party of predatory horse left the hills by the Goree River and proceeded to Burshorec, keeping well iOut of our reach ; yesterday crossed the desert towards Khyree Ghum-ee, fi-om the I neighbourhood of which they can-ied off a number of camels. The detachment of the Camel Corps, being merely infantiy without camels, is quite powerless to prevent plundering even in its own immediate neighbourhood; that post is not under my command, but as the plunderers, who have entirely ceased making attempts on the Eastern frontier, may repeat their visits on the Western side with impunity, I have the honor to request that the post of Khji-ee Ghurree may be put under my orders, and in anticipation of this I have to-day sent a party consisting of a native officer, three duffedars, and twenty-seven rank and file of the Scinde Inx-gular Horse to remain at that place. There are, I understand, fifty Chandia horsemen, under command of Captain Fitzgerald, posted at Dost Ali ; it would be a good arrangement were half of these men ordered to Khwee GhuiTcc, posting three of them mid way to Shahdadpoor to carry information. I have the honor, &c., To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding at Sliikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 88 of 1847. Khanghur, 10th May, 1847. loth May. iS47. Sir, I have the honor to report that the whole of the camels carried off fi-om near Khyree (Uiurrce, as rcpoiicd by mc on the 8th instant, were recovered by .lemadar Sowaie Khan and a party of the Scinde Irregular Horse from Rojaun. The camels were, 1 find, stolen fronia place in tiie desert about ten miles soutii-west of Khyree Ghurree. where there is now water in the bed of a nullah from the hills ; the spot li 2 102 RECORDS OF THE lothMay, 1847. is about thirtv-tiAre miles from Rojaim, so that the thieves had a long start of the pursuing party. The Jemadar proceeded to Burshoree, and there falling in with the tracks of the robbers, never left them until beyond the village of Kerah, west of Poolijee, a distance altogether of some seventy miles ; he came in sight of the plunderers and recovered the whole of the stolen camels, but could not catch the robbers, who escaped into the hills. On the 8th instant one of my patrols of Kosah horsemen fell in with a party of eleven Boogtee plunderers, near Hassan ke Ghuiree, of whom they killed two and wounded others, sending in one prisoner wounded, a Kulpnr, by name Bhaie Khan. This party of plunderers was also met by some men in the serxace of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, who killed and took some of them. Nothing else of note has occurred during the past week. I have the honor to be, &c.. To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding at Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 1,397. 19th May, 1847. KuiTacliee, 19th May, 1847. My dear Jacob, I received this morning your letter of the 1 3th instant, and have submitted to the General. His Excellency will write to the Khan, sapng that if the Murrees distract His Highness's country by looting, they must expect to meet such treatment at the hands of the Khan as to His Highness may appear to be fit. His Excellency will at the same time write to the Murree Sirdar, ac- quainting him that he has so written to the Khan, and that in the matters between the Khan and his subjects, when the British Government is not con- cerned His Excellency will not interfere. The General has no objection whatever to your corresponding with the officers of the Khan on any petty point of frontier bundobust. Yours sincerely, (Signed) G. W. BROWN. EXTRACT from Station Orders by Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, commanding in Upper Scinde. Dated 25th May, 1847. 1. — The following extract ft-om General Orders by His Excellency Lieutenant- Gencral Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., commanding the troops in Scinde, is pubUshed for general information : — i;nh May, 1847. Dated, Head Quarters, 19th May, 1847. 4. — The post of Khyi'ee Ghurree is placed under the orders of Captain Jacob. The Chandia horsemen are placed under the orders of Captain Jacob. The detachment of the Camel Corps at Khyi-ee Ghurree may remain, or be withdrawn and return to head quarters at Larkhana, as Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw may think proper : his decision to be reported to head quarters. The promptness with which Captain Jacob put his detachment in motion was the cause of the retaking of the camels stolen by the thieves on the 4th instant near the neighbourhood of Khyrce Ghurree. The Jemadar Sowaie Khan, of the Scinde horse, well executed the orders of his Commandant ; he pursued the thieves for seventy miles, and caught all the stolen camels. (True extract.) (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Lieutenant- General, (Signed) F. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Commanding the Troops in Scinde. Staff Officer. No. 101 of 1847. .•5rdJune, 1847. Khaiighur, 3rd June. Sir, \ I have the honor to report that a patrol near Hassan ke GhuiTce yesterday fell in with some Boogtee plunderers carrying off some camels, &c., which they had stolen from the neighbourhood — the robbers offered resistance, when two of them were killed and the stolen property recovered. SCINDK IRRRCULAR HORSE. 103 The frontier under my command has been otherwise undisturbed since luv last .ini .lunr. is^r report. . I liave the honor also to report that a fatal disease has been for several months raginu: among the horses of the Scinde In-egular Horse. During the month of May thirtv-thrce horses died in the l.st Regiment, and since we arrived at Khanghui' we have lost altogether seventy horses. At first the disease was attributed to the bad quahty and scanty sup])ly of the water ; and when the Indus water reached us 1 was in hopes that the disease would have at once disappeared with the deticiencv of water ; but the canals have been full and water abundant and good for this last fortnight, yet the disease, instead of disappearing, seems to be getting worse. Hifheiio the men have replaced the horses immediately, but whether they will be able to meet the enormous and unusual expenditure much longer is doubtful. The supply of efficient horses too in the country is exhausted, and prices of course are rising rapidly. It is curious that another fatal disease, apparently quite of a different nature from that by which the horses are attacked at Khanghur, has been and is stili raging among the horses of the 2nd Regiment at Hydei'abad, where about as many horses have died as at Khanghur. The disease here is of a most extraordinary nature ; the best, finest and best- conditioned horses appear first to die ; the horse appears perfectly healthy and in Igood spirits, when all at once he is attacked with violent tremors, convulsions, Ipurging and giddiness, and in a very shoit time, varying from 10 to 45 minutes, 'he drops dead. Every horse attacked dies generally within half an hour. The )disease appeal's to me exactly to correspond with the cholera in the human subject. f The disease of which the horses at Hyderabad are dying from appears to re- [semble farcy and glanders. ,' I have the honor, &c., ; To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. I No. 110 of 1847. Khanghur, 2nd Julv, 1847. .,,„, i,,,,, ,>,, Sir, I have the honor to forward herewith — prisoners, two robbers, by name Sobdar land Hote, who came with some others fi'om the Sikh temtory above Rojaun, and on the night of the 29th of June carried off some camels from the neighbourhood of Chandran ; they were purs\ied by one of my patrol nearly to Kusmore, tlie I camels recovered and these two prisoners taken, one of them wounded, the robbers jhaving offered resistance ; the rest of the plunderers escaped. ! I have the honor, &c., i To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Ii'regular Horse. Khanghur, 25th August, 1847. 2Jtii August. 1847 My dear Colonel, In my opinion, the interfering with these people at Poolijee, &c., too much, iwill be very injudicious. So long as these Boogtces do not come near our terri- tory nor annoy us in any way whatever, we only do harm by troubling ourselves [about them. Why should we not allow them to buy food fi'om the Khan's terri- tory ? If peace, (juiet and security, be our object, we ought to leave them alone. My imprisoning these Jekranee lootoos, and having completely put a stop to plun- Idering by our own people, which was systematically carried on before, has done j more to keej) this country quiet than anything else I can think of ; it is spoken of ! through the iiills as a piece of even-handed justice, which must be more effectual I in establishing the Sirkar's authority than the cutting up with the sword half of .the lootoos in the country. [ This is what I think, and others say about it almost in so many words, and I am certain they are right. I would never interfere with any of these people so long as they remained quiet, peaceable and well-behaved, but in case of the slightest misconduct would treat them with the greatest severity. H 3 104 RECORDS OF THE 25th August, 1847. 26th August, 1847. Indiscriminate persecution of whole tribes only does harm and makes men desperate, although they pei'fectly appreciate just punishment. If you and the General will leave me to go my own way to work, I will engage that every thing shall go on in a satisfactory manner, and that this frontier shall be as little disturbed as any part of the world, but I hope that reports regarding our proceedings by the police or others will not be attended to. Yours very sincerely (Signed) JOHN JACOB. No. 144 of 1847. Khanghur, 26th August, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to I'eport that eleven Boogtee men, half armed, with some : cattle, &c., who had come to visit the town of Poolijee, were on the 25th instant seized by Shahbaz Khan Kyheeree, and sent in prisoners to Shahpoor. I recjucst that I may be favored with your instructions regarding the disposal of these men ; they were of perfectly peaceable demeanour, and not within British territory nor near it. I shall be obliged also if you will inform me whether you wish me to exert my direct authority over the Kyheerees living at Poolijee, Chuttur, &c., not being in British pay, nor residing within our territory, or whether in case of misconduct on the part of these people, I should apply to the officers of the Kelat Government, to punish them. Nothing else of importance has occurred within my command during the past^ week. To Colonel Shaw, I have the honor, &c. Commanding in Upper Scinde, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 26th August, 1847. 3rd September, 1847 Khanghur, 26th Aug-ust, 1847. My dear Colonel, I wish if you have no objection that you would forward to the Governor my demi-official, with the accompanying weekly reports. Sir C. Napier is misled and made uneasy by nonsensical reports sent him by Aliff Khan, &c., but nothing can be more satisfactory than the state of the country at present, and you may rely on it, to be successful it is quite as necessary to parcere subjectis as to De hellare superbas. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) JOHN JACOB. All this was purely imaginary ; the Boog- tees in question were poor herdsmen from the hills, who came to sell their cattle in the plains of Cutchee, fitly miles beyond the Bri- tish boundary in the territory of the Khan of Kelat. No. 154 of 1847. 3rd September, 1847. In answer to Lieutenairt-Colonel Shaw's letter of the 27th August, enclosing one from the officer commanding the frontier outposts : — 1st. — The Boogtees made prisoners on the 25th ultimo by Shabaz Khan Ky- heeree, eleven in number, are to be sent to Shikarpoor as prisoners of war ; all Boogtees are to be seized wherever they are found ; no Boogtees are to be treated in any other way than as enemies who have insulted the British territories, and do so whenever they have an opportunity ; Major Jacob must know this perfectly ; and that, if their demeanor was peaceful, it was for the simple reason that they are trying to establish an intimacy with the Kyheerees ; — while I remain in Scinde this sliall not be. If I can prevent it the Boogtees shall cither submit, Hke the other robber tribes, or take the consequences if continuing hostilities. 2nd. — Major Jacob is to exercise direct authority over the Kyheerees, as far as the safety and protection of his frontier command requires the exercise of such authority. They were placed in their old territories by me with the distinct under- standing that they were to oppose the Boogtees, over whom the Khan of Kelat SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 105 ^cliiims sovereignty ; as he is sovereign of the Kyheerees also, they have no right to 3rJ Sepfember, 1847. ientei-tain those whom their sovereign deems rebels ; they received back their tcrri- toiy Avitli this agTecmcnt. I give to Major Jacob this ])o\vcr, under Lieutenant- Colonel Shaw of course, but I did not give it to the officer who preceded Major jjacob, as I did not consider that his predecessor had sufficient experience. 3rd. — No ai)plication is ever to be made to a foreign chief, unless through the Scinde Government, except in case of emergency, in which case it is inunediately to be reported. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Lieutenant -General Commanding. (True Copy.) (Signed) J. HARVEY, Officiating Stafl" Officer. No. 154 of 1847. Khanghur, 8th September, 1847. stu September, 184; SlK, I have the honor to report that on the morning of the 5th instant, as already reported to you, denii-officially, a ]iarty of Boogtees, consisting of six men, seven women, and ten children, came to Khanghur, and threw themselves before me to ibeg for food ; they had come from Punnian during the night before, a distance of > thirty-two miles, and ajipcarcd to be in extreme want ; one of the w'omen is ex- Jtrcmely old and feeble, and the children are of ages varying from three months to I'seven years. Famine and misery were strongly marked in every face, and I have Iscldom seen a more pitiable sight. When food was given them they could not wait to cook it, but devoured the flour 'raw by handsful. As I have already reported, I have placed the poor creatures at Janeydeyra, Durrya Khan having offered to take care of them, until I should receive orders as to their disposal. I have also the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a minute by His Excellency the Governor on the subject of the Boogtees, w'hich I lierewith return. The Governor, I fear, thinks me silly for attributing any but evil motives to these Boogtees, whose chiefs certainly desen-e no mercy at the hands of the British Government, but had His Excellency seen the persons above mentioned as they came before me, I am certain he would have thought differently. With regard to the third paragraph of His Excellency's minute, I presume it is not intended to rescind the permission to correspond with the officers of His Highness the Khan of Kelat on minor points of frontier arrangements given to me by His Excellency, as per demi-official letter from Secretary to Government of Scinde, No. 1,377, dated 1 9th May 1847, which permission is calculated to save much trouble about trifles. The Boogtee prisoners shall, of course, be sent to Shikarpoor forthwith, as also any others who may come in or lie caj)tured. To Colonel Shaw, I have the honor to be, &e., Commanding in Upper Scinde, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Shikarpoor. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 155 of 1847. Khanghur, 9th Septembei-, 1847. 9th September, 184". Sir, I have the honor to report that at about 4 o'clock yesterday morning a descent was made on the village of Thar ke Gote by a party of Boogtees, as rc])orted by me in mv demi-official conuuunication of yesterday ; as yet I have had no account of the particulars of the business, but will iej)ort them as soon as they reach me. All other occurrences during the ])ust week have been already reported. I have the honor, &e.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. II -1 106 RECORDS OF THE !lth Septombor, ISi;. No. 157 of 1847. Khanghur, 9th September, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report that I am now able to give a detailed account of the attack by the Boogtees on the village of Thar ke Gote, already reported. Knowing the desperate circumstances of the Boogtee tribe, and the extreme want which existed among them, I expected that after the seizure of the Boogtees at Poolijee some attempt would be made to plunder the Kyheerees ; I accordingly warned all the people of the villages likely to be attacked to be more than usual on the alert, and made every other arrangement in my power for their protection without disobe}ang orders. At the village of Thar ke Gote one Wullee Mahomed Kyheeree went every evening with eight or ten men to a tower outside the fort, in front of the gate, where he remained all night, and just about daybreak yesterday he saw a strong party of Boogtees, horse and foot (since ascertained, by counting the foot marks, to have been 200 foot and 10 horse), close to the village. Wullee Mahomed and his men immediately fired on them, when they (the Boogtees) made a rush at the gate of the fort, but the fire from the tower drove them back. Three times they renewed the attack in a similar manner, and with the same result, when they divided into two parties, and went round the place to find an entrance, but not succeeding, and the whole place being now on the alert, they carried off a flock of goats belonging to Synd Inna}ait Shah, of Shahpoor, which werfe outside the village, at some distance, and retreated with all expedition, with- out any other plunder, and without killing or wounding any one. Islam Khan's mare (of w^hich Synd Innayut Shah is half owner) was recognised among the horsemen, but the rider could not be distinguished. Goolam Moostuffa Kyheeree, with three horsemen, came from Chuttur on hearing the alarm, and followed up the retreating Boogtees, whose ten horsemen turned on him as he approached, but did him no damage, as he prudently kept out of the way. Information of the attack on the village reached Lieutenant Merewether at Shahpoor, at seven o'clock ; he immediately mounted with his troop, and went along the foot of the hills with the hope of intercepting the robbers should they come within his reach on their retreat, as I liad directed liim to do ; but their retreat was too precipitate to enable him to see anything of them ; by their footsteps they had come by the bed of the Zumanee, returned by the Teywaugh, and were quite out of reach. I think that this little affair is likely to do much good, and that it will tend to encourage the Kyheerees at Poolijee, &c. If His Excellency the Governor should think proper to confer some trifling mark of approbation on Wullee Mahomed, who has certainly behaved well, I think the effect would be good. Having now du-ect authority over the people of Poolijee, Chuttur, &c., as re- gards the safe keeping of the frontier, any future attempt on the part of these misguided Boogtees will, I trust, be even less successful than this one has been. As I think it not impossible that this attack may be renewed, and that the patrol duty of the Shahpoor post will be heavy^, I have ordered a party of two duffedars, two naiques, and twenty suwars of the Scinde IiTcgular Horse, to Shahpoor, to strengthen the troop there. I beg leave to mention, that I consider the discomfiture of this party of ma- rauders to be owing to the watchfulness and excellent conduct of Lieutenant Mcrewxtlicr, commanding the Shahpoor post, which has even put courage into the hearts of the Kyheerees. ; I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To Colonel Shaw, Commanding Scinde IiTegular Horse. Commanding in Upper Scinde. No. 159 of 1847. 12th September, 1847. Kliaughur, 1 2th September, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report particulars of the attack by the Boogtees on the town of Poolijee. The same party of Boogtees which attacked Thar ke Gote, between 200 and I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 107 1 300 in nimiber, came out of the hills again on the morning of the 10th instant, 1211. September, is J7. i and attacked the town of Poolijee ; they were beaten off by the Kyheerees, and retreated swiftly to the hills. Abdoola Khan, Shahbaz Khan, and otlier Kyhee- rees who were mounted, seventeen in all, j)ursued the retreating Boogtecs, and succeeded in killing four of them, having a mare of their own shot, but no man hit on their side ; the only plunder the Boogtecs carried off consisted of two cows, which tlie Kyhecree horsemen recovered and brought back. The Boogtecs on this occasion were led by one Hundoo, a notorious thief among them. I have the honor, &c.. To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 790 of 1847. Assistant- Adjutant General's Office, Kurrachee, 16th September, 1847. icth September, 1 84 7 To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, Commanding in Upper Scinde, Shikarpoor. Sir, In aclvnowledging the receipt of your lettei' of the 10th instant with accom- panhnent from Major Jacob, commanding Frontier, No.»154, of the 9th Septem- ber, together with copy of your reply. No. 402, of the following day, I am directed by His Excellency the Lieutenant-General to transmit for your information and communication to Major Jacob, the following memorandum : — 1st. — The permission given by the Secretary to Government to Major Jacob not to be rescinded ; but it is special to Major Jacob. 2nd. — The women and children who come in must all be treated as those who surrendered at Trukkee, viz., food found for them and ground given; eveiy at- tention to be given to the women and children especially. I have the honor, &c. , (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant- Adjutant General. Head Quarters, Kurrachee, IGth September, 1847. loth September, 1817. EXTRACT from General Orders by His Excellency Lieutenant-General Sir- C. J. Napier, G.C.B., commanding the troops in Scinde. No. 3. — Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw has forwarded a report made by Major Jacob of an attack made by 210 Boogtees upon a Kyhecree village beyond the Scinde frontier. The villagers repulsed the Boogtees, and the hill robbers went off. Major Jacob states that Lieutenant Mercwether's conduct has been so watchful and active, that he attiibutes the spirit shown by the Kyheerees to have been in- stilled by that officer. Tlie Lieutenant-General therefore takes the opportunity of expressing his satisfaction with the conduct of Lieutenant Merewether, and also of saying he extends the praise to Major Jacob himself, whose sei-vices on the frontier have been what the Lieutenant-Geneial expected fi-om an officer of Major Jacob's zeal and abilities. The Lieutenant-General has directed a Loongce to be presented to Wullee Mahomed Kyhecree for his bold conduct in defending his village. The Lieutenant-General directs that every assistance may be given to the Boogtees who come in and make their obeisance to the English. Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw is in communication with the Collector to sec that this order is carried into efi'ect promptly. The Boogtee tribe have been ruined by their own folly, but all who surrender shall be treated with the same kinchiess that has been shown to those who saved themselves by an early submission. (Signed) C. J. NAPIER, Lieutcnant-Gcncral, Commanding the Troops in Scinde. 108 RECORDS OF THE 20th September, 1847. No. 169 of 1847. Sir, Khanghur, 20th September, 1847. Tiie wliole tribe of Boogtces, including the Kulpurs, enraged by their defeat by the despised Kyheerees, &c., have nearly all assembled again and given out that they are only waiting to be joined by the remaining few to proceed to the plunder and destruction of Chuttur. I have this from the reports of spies sent into the hills, and from letters from Deen Mahomed Murree. There is no doubt about these people having assembled in arms, but there is great doubt as to what place they will attempt to plunder in, and in what direction they will proceed ; it is a matter of inditterence to them where they may find plunder, but I must guard all points and trust nothing to chance. If the marauders think Chuttur, &c., too strong for them they will attempt to make an inroad by Hyran. I therelbre have done thus — I send Lieutenant Green out to-night with fifty of the Scinde Irregular Horse, to reinforce Lieutenant Merewether at Shahpoor ; this will give that officer about 1 70 effective swords, which with the rabble of Kyheerees will, I trust, suffice to meet whatever force the Boogtces can bring into the plain in that direction. I have every one on the alert to the eastward, and instant intelligence cannot fail to be brought me of any movement of the marauders in that direction, so that I shall be able to arrive at any given point which they may choose to attack as soon as the enemy. I shall be able to turn out from Khanghur with 250 swords, which will more than suffice for anytliing the mountaineers can bring against us, supposing time and place serve, as I believe they will. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 178 of 1847. 30th September, 1847. SiR Khanghur, 30th September, 1847. I have the honor to report that Synd Innayut Shah, of Shahpoor, is encamped near Tungwanee, in Boordeeka, with a great number of camels, and some 300 or 400 Jutts. From this camp supplies, information, and assistance of all kinds are obtained by the Boogtee robbers in the hills, with whom Innayut Shah alwavs has a perfect understanding, although to keep up appearances they sometimes cany cattle. This man, Innayut Shah, is the most inveterate intriguer and mischief maker in the whole country ; his being allowed to go about the country and encamp where he pleases is attended with much evil, and I beg leave to recommend that neither he nor his people be allowed to come into Scinde at all, whether into British teriitory or that of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, and that he be compelled to remain at his own place, Shahpoor. I have this morning received information that AUum Khan Kulpur, with eight or nine horsemen, was last night in Innayut Shah's camp ; where he proceeded afterwards I have not yet heard ; several of my patrols are out in search of him, but he most likely returned to the hills. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 31)th September, 1847. No. 179 of 1847. Khanghur, 30th September, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report, as already mentioned in my letter 1 78 of 1 847, to your address, AUum Khan Kulpur was seen in the camp of Innayut Shah Synd, of Shahpoor, at Tungwanee, about 4 o'clock on the morning of the 28th ; information of this was brought me before 8 o'clock on the same morning, and long before that time there were several parties in pursuit of the Kulpur, who, SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 109 however, escaped to the hills, havini^ gone off' at speed immediately after he had soth September, 1 84 7. • been recognised. The Boogtee tribe is still assembled en vuisse at Sungseela. I Nothing else of importance has occurred within my command during the past I week. I have the honor, &c., I To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, ! Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. No. 181 of 1847. I Khanghur, 1st October, 1847. ist October, ih47. I Sir, I I have the honor to report that the whole force of Boogtees, horse and foot, i entered the plain about Chuttur, by the Zumunee River, last night about 9 o'clock ; no further particulars arc yet known. As the frontier to the eastward may now I be considered safe I purpose starting myself innnediatcly for Shahpoor with a troop. Lieutenant Merewether, with his squadron, started in pursuit of the robbers immediately he heard of tlieir proceedings, about half-past one this morning. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, 1 Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. , No. 182 of 1847. ' Shahpoor, 2nd October, 1847. 2nd October, 1 84 7. ;SlR, I I have the honor herewith to foi-ward a report from Lieutenant Merewether, \ commanding at Sliahpoor, of proceedings with regard to the inroad of the Boogtee tribe, re[)orted by me to you yesterday. Lieutenant Merewether's letter requires no comment ; it sets forth, distinctly and fully, the particulars of the most perfectly successful affair of the kind I have ever witnessed or heard of. 133 men killed, nearly 600 enemies, and made prisoners 120, in two hours' ffghting. The enemy resisting manfully the whole time, and obstinately reftising quarter ; 560 dead bodies have been counted, and there are probably more in the jungle. The conduct of Lieutenant Merewether himself has been beyond praise, and shews a rare and most excellent union of implicit obedience and great militaiy skill, and of cool and careful prudence with the most daring courage. The loss of life on this occasion has been terrific ; but it is satisfactory to know that the men slain were robbers and murderers, who were the terror of all peaceable persons within their reach ; who kept this fine country in a constant state of alarm, and whose cruelties were sometimes fiendish. All the marauders of any name oi' power are killed ; and I do not think that the name of a lootoo will be heard of on our border for many years to come. Islam Khan and Allum Khan will probably now, after the destruction of their tribe, wish to be allowed to make their peace with the British Government ; but as they insolently refused to submit when terms were offered them, I beg leave strongly to recommend that they be now admitted to none but unconcUtional sur- render. I have the honor, &c. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. REGIMENTAL ORDERS by Major Jacob, Commanding Scinde Horse. Shahpoor, 2nd October, 1847. '^"^ <>'^>»'"'^' >«'? 1. — The commanding officer has this moi-ning received from Lieutenant Mere- wethei- a report of the particulars of the fight which took place yesterday morning between his detaehnient, consisting of 133 men of all ranks, and nearly tlie whole i3oogtee Iribe, who had entered the plain near Chuttur to spoil and slay. The fight ended in the capture or death of the whole of the robbers, save two horse- men, who alone, out of 700 men, escaped to tell the tale in the hills. The com- 110 RECORDS OF THE 2nd October, 1847. mancUng officei' has never heard of a more perfectly successful affair, and gives his thanks and high praise to Lieutenant Merewether and all under him concerned in this most brilliant achievement. But no more need be said at present on that head, because ample justice will, doubtless, be done them by higher authorities, to whom the commanding officer has fully represented their conduct. The officers and men of the Scinde Irregular Horse have worked hard to presei-ve this fi-ontier from the incursions of the mountain robbers ; they have had much severe and harassing duty to perform ; it has been necessaiy to keep them at all times and seasons alert and \agilant by night and by day since their anival on the border ; they now see the effect of being always ready. Seven Hundred enemies, desperate with hunger and burning with revenge, among them many of the most warUke individuals of the mountain tribes, have fallen before one-fifth of their number, like grass ! Such are the effects of courage and strength when directed by discipline, skill and prudence. These robbers possessed the former qualities, but, wanting the latter, they were powerless before us. (By order.) (Signed) HENRY GREEN, Lieutenant, Adjutant 1st Regiment of Scinde In-egular Horse. DIVISION ORDERS by Colonel the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., Commading the Troops in Scinde. Head Quarters, KuiTachee, /th October, 1847. Thui'sday, 7th October, 1847. The Colonel commanding the troops in Scinde has perused with great satis- faction the report of Major Jacob, commanding Scinde Horse, forwarding one from Lieutenant Merewether, giving an account of an affair which that officer, at the head of 1 33 of the Scinde Horse, had with the Boogtee tribe, numbering about 700, on the 1 st instant. The Colonel commanding cannot too strongly express his admiration of the judgment, gallantry, and skill, displayed by Lieutenant Merewether, and the brave little force under his command, and which he will not fail to bring to the marked notice of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. At the head of his small force Lieutenant Merewether has annihilated the Boogtee tribe ; 560 men ha\ang been left dead on the field, and 1 20 made prisoners ; all the leaders of consequence being included in the former number, sustaining a loss on his part only of one suwar killed and twelve wounded, with nine horses killed and ten wounded. Success like this speaks highly for the discipline and courage of the gallant Scinde Horse ; and of the ability and judgment of Lieutenant Merewether, whose con- duct on this occasion, as on all others on which his sendees have been called forth, shows him to be an officer of an high order and enterprise. The Colonel commanding requests Major Jacob will convey to Russaidar Shaik Ali, Naib Russuldar Azum Khan, Suwars Sullar Khan, Bujjoo Khan, Bahadoor Khan, and Kurreem Khan, the high sense he entertains of the bi'aveand soldierlike manner in which they have conducted themselves, which has been specially reported by Lieutenant Merewether, and at the same time make known to the whole detach- ment the admiration he feels for their gallantry and discipline, by which the most complete success has been gained over the whole Boogtee tribe. (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant- General. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. THE III 28th October, 1847. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA B D I N A B Y. ^uljlisbrli ftp ^utftoiitp. THURSDAY, 28th OCTOBER, 184/. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, nth October, 1847. Tlie Honourable the Governor ui Council is pleased to direct that the following despatch from Colonel the Honourable H. Uundas, commanding the troops in Scindc, to the Adjutant-General of the army, with the accompanying reports from Major Jacob and Lieutenant Merewether, of the Sciude Irregular Horse, be pubUshed for general information. The skilful arrangements aud judicious precautions of Major Jacob, and the admirable conduct aud daring spirit of Lieutenant ^Merewether, and the party of the Scinde Horse under his command, have combined to achieve a signal and most important service. By the destruction of this large body of marauders assembled ou the frontier, the peace of the British territories has, it may be hoped, been ,eft'ectually secured, and the Governor in Council feels that the highest praise is due to all who have borne any part in this gallant and successful exploit. The Scinde Horse on this occasion has added another to the many recorded instances of valour and devotion to its duty which have always been con- spicuous in the short but brilliant career of this distinguished corps. Bv order of the Honorable the Governor in Council, A. MALET, Chief Secretary to Government. To the Adjutant-General of the Army, Poona. 7th October, 18-17. Sir, It is with the greatest satisfaction I have the honor to transmit for the information of His Excel- lency the Commander-in-Chief the enclosed copies of despatches received through Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, commanding in Upper Scinde, from Major Jacob, commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse and the frontier, and from Lieutenant Merewether, '2nd ui command of the 1st regiment, and commanding detachment at Shahpoor, detailing a most comj)lete and decisive success, gained by Lieutenant Mere- wether, and i;J2 men, of all ranks, of the 1st Regiment Scinde Horse, over the combined Boogtee tribe of Beloochees, on the 1st instant. These reports are so complete in themselves that it only remains for me to submit them for the perusal of His Excellency, adding however the meed of ])raise due to Major Jacob and Lieutenant .Merewether. To the former officer, for the excellence of the arrangements which have been made by him since the frontier has been placed under his charge by His Excellency Sir Charles Napier, G. C. B., who, having the highest confidence in Major Jacoh's skill and abilitj' (alwavs conspicuous), that officer has now shewn how fully it was deserved. To these arrangements may be attriljuted the most sign.nl success that has ever attended the careful watching of this long-vexed frontier, which has ended in the total destruction of the most notorious freebooters in Cutchee. Major Jacob's activity, skill and judgment, have been long known to his military superiors, and I am most happy in being the means of reporting the success which has at last attended his unremitting vigilance and untiring exertions. To the conduct of Lieutenant Merewether I would also most particularly call the attention of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. This officer, thougli young in years and sen'ice, has been most actively employed in the field almost throughout that period of service, and always with erciUt to him- self. He wears a medal for the battle of Hyderabad, and since he has been witli the Scinde Horse, formed under the eye of Major Jacob, has now proved himself a first-rate cavalry officer. His conduct on the present occasion speaks for itself in his well and modestly worded despatch. Watching for months in the desert, an enemy artful and daring as these Boogtee robbers have shown themselves, he has bided his time, and when that time came, has swept them from the face of the earth. He ajipears to li.ive manrcuvered his squadron will great skill and judgment, and the fearful loss of life on the part of the robbers will prove to His Excellency with what gallajitry aud determination the charges were made and executed. While mentioning the conduct of the European officers, I nmst not fail to speak of the squadron which Lieutenant Merewether commanded and led. Officers and men of the Scinde Horse appear to be of one heart and mind, and the devotion to the sen'ice, and gallantry of the native officer, non-com- missioned officers and troopers, which formed Lieutenant Merewether's small force, is beyond all praise. I have therefore thought it right to send the whole of their names to His Excellency for such notice as he mav think their gallant conduct deserves. I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) , II. DUNDAS, Colonel, Head Quarters, Kurrachee, 7th October, 1847. Commanding the Troops in Scinde. 112 RECORDS OF THE 2 ad October, 1847. Sir, To Lieutenant-Colonel M. Shaw, Commanding in Upper Scinde. 2nd October, 1847 * This man Sunjur turned out not to have been killed ; he escaped and continued to exer- cise his predatory skill long afterwards. I have the houor herewith to forward a report from Lieutenant ^lerewether, commanding at Shah- poor, of proceedings with regard to the inroad of the Boogtee tribe rejiorted by me to you yesterday. Lieutenant Merewether's letter requires no comment ; it sets forth distinctly and fully the particulars of the most perfectly successful aflFair of the kind I have ever witnessed or heard of: — 133 men killed, nearly 600 enemies, and made prisoners 120, in two hours' fighting, the enemy resisting manfully the whole time and obstinately refusing quarter ; 560 dead bodies have been counted, and there are pro- bably more lying about in the jungle. The conduct of Lieutenant ^lerewether himself has been beyond praise, and shews a rare and most excellent unison of imphcit obedience and great military skill, of cool and careful prudence with the most daring courage. I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) J. JACOB, Major, Shahpoor, 2nd Octoher, 1847. Commanihng Scinde Irregular Horse and Frontier. _, To Major Jacob, commandins; Frontier, Khaughur. Sir, •" o ' o jj Having received good intelligence of the whole Boogtee force having entered the plain as already reported to you, I have the honor to inform you that I started at half-past 1 o'clock on the morning of the 1st October with a party of the Scinde Irregular Horse, amounting to 133 men of all ranks, from Shahpoor, in pursuit of the enemy. I arrived at the Zeenianee river just as it became light enough to see clearly the tracks of the enemy. I observed a spot in the bed of the Zeemanee river where they had apparently halted for a short time ; from the marks I was of opinion that their strength might be 600 or 700 footmen, with a small party of horse. I thence proceeded, according to your instructions, along the foot of the small hills, intending to take post in the Teywaugh, thinking that the enemy would certainly return that way, and the ground being favorable for cavalry to act on. However, I had not proceeded a quarter of a mile beyond the " Zeemanee" river, when Jan Mahomed Kyheeree, who was a short distance in advance, came back and informed me that he heard loud shouting and much noise in the direction of Koonree. My detachment was marching in column of troops ; I wheeled them into line and proceeded in the direction of Koonree ; when near the jungle about that place I saw the enemy formed in a deep and long hue to my left. They appeared to be making a side movement to- wards the jungle ; I therefore passed rapidly along their front, to cut them off from the jungle and drive them to the open plain. They were at this time posted in some rough broken groimd with sand hil- locks and bushes, but apparently fancying from my galloping along their front that I did not intend to' attack them, they left their vantage ground and rushed forward to attack me with much firing, loud , shouts and howls : this at once gave me all I wished for, namely, a fair field. I immediately changed' front to the left, which the men did most steadily, as if on parade. When my change of position was - executed I charged. The cliarge was made steadily and rapidly, with irresistible effect. The Boogtees had formed a solid mass to receive us, but were overthrown at the first onset, with terrible loss. Thev then moved off towards the hills, distant about three miles, in disorder, but shouldering together as closely as they could. We continued our attacks, killing numbers, until on recrossing the Zeemanee river they made another short stand. They were again overthrown and driven into the open plain. They were now approaching the Iovf hills, when Russuldar Shaik Ali very judiciously getting some men in advance, cut them off from that place of refuge, and they turned back towards Koonree. Their numbers were now getting small ; but though repeated offers of quarter were made to them they ob- stinately continued to fight until the destruction was so great that their numbers were reduced to about 1 20, many of whom were wounded. At last, seeing resistance utterly hopeless, they were induced to throw down their anns and surrender ; not a single footman escaped capture or death. Two horsemen alone out of the whole force of the enemy, stated by the prisoners to have been full 700 in all, including 25 horsemen, returned to the hills ; among the slain are several chieftains of note, in fact all the leaders of repute in the tribe. The undermentioned were recognised among the dead : — Hundoo Nothanee Kora Kulpur Kurreemdad Raimoozye Jumah (outlaw) Jekranee Chuttah do do (killed in the attack on Kundranse) Kumber Nephew of the Shumbrane Chief, " Lango " Also a nephew of Hundoo's ; name unknown Sunjur Rind * There were also many others, esteemed as warlike characters, but of less note, killed. Neither Islam Khan nor Alim Klian were with the party. Our own loss has, I am happy to say, been trifling, compared to the result, as shown by the annexed return of killed and wounded (9) ; nine of our horses were killed and ten wounded, seven of them mortally so ; amongst the wounded is your own horse, which I was riding at the time ; he has received two severe sword cuts, one on the loins close behind the saddle, and the other on the heel. After all was over I returned to Shahpoor, via Chuttur, to which latter place I had sent all the prisoners able to march, under the custody of Naib Russuldar Azeem Khan ; Russuldar Shaik Ali, with the remainder of my detachment, I left at Koonree to take care of the wounded ti!l I could send out assistance and carriage from this place. All returned to Shahpoor this morning. Before 1 fell in with the enemy they bad attempted to plunder the village of Kundranee, whence they were beaten off by the head man, Been Mahomed Kyheeree, in splendid style ; Been Mahomed and his people killing the notorious " Chuttur " Jekranee, and others, and taking one prisoner. Three deter- mined attacks were made by the Boogtees on the fort, and at one time the assailants had actually reached the top of the wall, but were thrown back by the defenders. All my native officers and men behaved well in this affair ; nothing could be more perfect than the steadiness, resolution, and quickness, which they showed throughout ; but I beg particularly to bring to your notice the excellent conduct of — Russaidar Shaik Ali Naib Russuldar Azeem Khan Suwar Sullur Khan Suwar Bujjoo Khan „ Bahadoor Khan ,, Kurrcem Khan SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 13 I I saw these four Suwars each kill several of the enemy in fair stand up fight, hand to hand, but iiearlv all must have done equally well, although it be not possible for me to speeify every man's deeds individually. I beg leave also to remark thai the destructive effect of our little carbines, used in one hand, at close quarters, was quite terrible to behold. lOvery shot appeared to kill or disal)le an enemy, who were often, by reason of the bushes and broken ground, enabled just to keep out of sword's reach. I I must not omit to mention that Jan Mahomed Kyhecree, with four of his followers, was close to me 'during nearly the whole of the action, and behave(l exceedingly well. Jan Mahomed fought stoutly, killing several of the enemy before his sword broke over the head of another. I have made the best provision I can for the wounded prisoners, who are being carefully attended to 2nd October, 1847. ,bv Assistant-Surgeon J. Pirie. Shahpoor, 2nd October, IS4; I have the honor to be, &c., (Signed) W. MEREWKTIIER, Lieutenant, 2nd Command Scinde Irregular Horse, Comraanduig Outposts, Shahpoor. (True Copies.) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. GOVERNMENT PRESS. 'NOMINAL ROLL of Officers, Non-commissioned Officers and Suwars, present in the .Vetiou with the 1st October, 1K47. Boogtees on the 1st October, 1847: — Lieutenant Merewether, Scinde Horse, Commanding. Russaidar .... Shaik Ali Naib Russuldar Azum Khan Duffedars . Ussud Ali Beq ,, Oomer Khan , „ Kurreemdad Khan „ Emaum Khan „ EUaie Bux „ Saadut Khan „ Radoo ,, Ghassee Khan „ Khoda Bux Khan ,, Mahomed Morad ,, Wuzzecr Ali Nisham Burdar Bhaie Kliau Trumpeter . . . Shaik Goolab I Suwars Shaik Azeemoolah i ,, Peer Khan ] „ Shaik Kadur Bux Goopee Sing Essree Sing Chand Khan Luennan Sing Kurreem Khan Meer Nissar Ali Badoola Khan Meer Khan Futteh Ali Shaik Rehimatoola Shaik Kurreem Bux Meerza Namdar Beq Peer Khan Hazar Meer Khan Shaik Sadoola Naher Khan Urshut Khan Moortuza Khan (liorse wounded) Ahmed Khan Shere Jung Khan Meer Khan (horse wounded) Saadut Khau Morad Ali Shaik Khoda Bux Syud Ilosseni Khan Bahadoor Khan (horse kid) Sewpursand Emaum Khau Shaik Rehim Bux Besharut Khan Shaboodccn Khan Ilyder All Beq Meeali Khan Matadeen Meer Hosseim Ali Goolam Ali Bus Koondun Sing (wounded) Shaik Amanutoola Meerza Ewaz Ali Beq Hossein Ali Beq (horse wounded) Zummah Bux Shaik Chand Ram Bux Ukbar Khan Nubbee Bux Khan Futteh Khan Kunnojee Lall Luaiman Sing (severely wounded) Ruggonath Sing (ditto) Rajah Ram Abdool Kadur Adjoodea Pursand Ahmed Khau Chucuttay Khan (wounded) Nujjeeb Khan (wounded) Shaik Ahmed Shaik Madar Bux Rehim Khan Kooman Sing (horse killed) Sew Cherrun Bheekun Sing (severely wounded) SuUar Khan (died of wounds) Shaik Madar Mahomed JafFer Urshut Khan Jowaher Sing Bahadoor Khan (wounded) Bujjoo Khan (severely wounded) i'uttey Shere Khan Meer Imaum Ali Khvrattee Khau ^luddut Ali Imdad Ali Ahmed Ali Essoo Sing Kurreem Khan (horse wounded) Sewdan Sing Essree Sing Dwarka Sing Abdoola Khan Bundey Ali Khau Hossein Khan Usshruff Ali Kassim Ali Goolam Hossein Shaik Mahomed Hossein 114 RECORDS OF THE 1st October, 1847. Suwars 30th October, 1847. Ram Sing (killed) Ali Bux Velayut Ali Shaik Baoodeen Meer Nujjuf Ali Himmut Khan Sahib Ali Khan Ahmed Khan Sahib Dad Khan Shaik Hosseiu Ali Shaik Nissar Ali Nissar Ali Meerza Fuyz Beq Suwars Muddut AU Shaik Booranoodeen Jussa Sing (severely wounded) Muddut Ali (horse killed) Mohbut Sing Mumdoo Khan Lall Khan Shaik Emaum Dilshere Khan Shah Mahomed Khan KuUundur Bux Sulleem Khan Kallee Khan (horse wounded) EXTRACT from General Orders by the Commander-in-Chief. Dated, Head Quarters, Poona, 30th October, 1847. 4 1 . — Lieutenant Merewether, 2nd in command of the 1 st Scinde Irregular Horse^ has, with 132 of that corps, executed a brilliant exploit. He routed and totally defeated a body of 700 free-hooters, belonging to the Boogtee tribe of Belooches, on the 1st instant, who, notwithstanding quarter was repeatedly offered to them, obstinately refused the boon and provoked their own destruction. The coolness and militaiy science this officer exemplified in taking up his posi- tion, the promptness with which he wheeled his men into line, and the gallantry with which he instantly attacked his numerous enemy, merit the Commander-in- Chief's warm approbation, which he thus publicly offers to Lieutenant Mere- wether and the men of the Scinde Horse who participated with him on this occasion. The Scinde Horse on every service on which they have been employed have conducted themselves in the most gallant manner, and to Major Jacob, who commands and has brought them to this state of perfection, the Commander-in- Chief offers his meed of praise and approbation, and begs that officer will accept, the high opinion His Excellency entertains of his distinguished merit. (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Acting Adjutant- General of the Army.^ No. 183 of 1847. 8tli October, 1847 Sir, Khanghur, 8th October, 1847. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 6th October, 1847, to my addi'ess with accompanying letter from the Assistant | Quartermaster-General. In reply, I beg leave to state that Dil Morad ke Ghurree must, in my opinion, be considered as a permanent post on tlie frontier, and it is very desirable that there should be a good certain supply of water there. Hassan ke Ghurree is not exactly a " post," but I keep a dozen Kosah horse- men there as videttes, and these men have been very useful to me ; indeed their services at that place, or somewhere near it, are quite necessary to the proper guarding of the frontier on that side. Hassan ke Ghurree is the best place for the rendezvous of the various detach- ments put in motion, on an alarm of an inroad on the eastern part of the frontier, and must, I think, remain so itermanently ; wherefore it is necessary to have a better supply of water there also than the continually failing cutcha wells afford. With regard to Meerpoor, which is a considerable town close to the boundaiy ' of the British territory, I should recommend that the post there be maintained as at present. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 115 No. 188 of 1847. I Ith October, 1847. [ Khanghur, nth October, 1847. Sir, I I have the honor to forward a prisoner, by name Dost Ali or Dostein Jalanee, 'inhabitant of the village of Kutpal, near Poolijee, who has been acting as Islam Khan's agent, and supplying him with infoi'mation and assistance in various ways. I have the honor also to foiTvard herewith a letter fi-om Islam Khan to the said Dostein, which was found on the person of one Meer Khan, killed on the 1st October, 1847. I have the honor to be, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Ma,)or, (Dmmanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. TRANSLATION. Dogra (no date) . To Dost Ali Jalanee, from the Chief Islam Khan, Greeting, The property which you have of mine sell, and give it all to Meer Khan Mui-wanee ; write to me whatever may be proper for me to know ; pay every attention to Meer Khan Murwanee, and take care to inform me of the move- ments of British troops which may concern me. Sealed by ISLAM KHAN, Boogtee Chief. No. 189 of 1847. Khanghur, 11th October, 1847. luh octob.r. i847 Sir, I have the honor to forward herewith a petition from one Edul Khan, which I shall feel obUged by your forwarding for the favorable consideration of Govern- ment. The petitioner was formerly in the Poona Horse, in the detachment of the corps stationed in Cutch, and afterwards transferred with the detachment to the Scinde Irregular Horse. He accompanied the late Major Eldred Pottinger, C.B., to Herat when that officer went there in disguise, and was aftei-wards removed from the Scinde Horse and attached to Sir Alexander Burns, at that officer's request. After Sir Alexander Burns' death, Edul Khan was imprisoned at Cabool, and has only now been able to return to India. I have reason to know that the facts stated by the petitioner are coiTCct. The man is old and worn out, so as to be no longer fit for active semce. Had he re- mained in the Scinde Irregular Horse he would have been a Russuldar, as is his companion, Alladad Khan, who with him accompanied Major Pottinger to Herat ; he has deserved well of the State, and perhaps Government, under the pecuHar circumstances of the case, will think proper to gi-ant him a Russuldar pension. I have the honor, &c.. To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Im-egular Horse. Khanghur, 15th October, 1847. isth ortohcr, is47. My dear Sir, I am very much obliged to you for your letter of the 9th instant, which I received this day. With regard to the safe keeping of this frontier, I am certain that any consi- derable relaxation in activity and watchfulness on our part will be followed by a renewal of the state of affairs which existed before the beginning of this year, and which it has given so much trouble to change for the better. I I 116 RECORDS OF THE lath Oot.>i)er, 18J7. WhtMi I I'eceived charge of the frontier in January last, nearly every man on the border on our side was either a robber himself or in league and partnership with marauders. The country was more disordered by our own people than by those from the hills, although, of course, every misdeed went to the account of the latter. Every man went about armed to the teeth, and even bodies of fbrty and fifty horsemen went forth from our own territory, to spoil and to slay just as they please. Altogether such a state of confusion, disorder, and terror was kept up, that the inroads of the mountaineers could always be carried on with impunity ; our out- posts were always on the defensive, and as General Hunter assured me, they wer# always expecting Shikarpoor to be attacked by the lootoos. These evil effects of allowing our own people to loot, or of not preventing their doing so, have never been properly represented, nor, I believe, well understood at head quarters ; in fact, the extent to which the system of plunder among our own subjects was carried was not known, and indeed, it was hardly credible. I have for some time past completely remedied these evils, and the change in this part of the country, and in the tone of the people, is great. No arms are ever seen, except in the hands of Government servants, everybody (that is, every well- disposed person) is safe, quiet, and contented; the very expression of the men's faces is altered. Not a single marauder has succeeded in actually entering the British ten-itory since the day of our arrival on the frontier in January last. HaAdng gained the confidence of the people, and put a stop to all looting from our own side, a good system of patrols, laboriously persevered in throughout the hottest season, enabled us entirely to prevent those petty inroads which formerly continually occurred, and which kept the country in a state of alarm. Islam Khan and Allum Khan, the Boogtee chiefs, obstinately refused to submit, and prefeiTed continuing our enemies, and indulging the predatory propensities of their followers, to being quiet and at peace. It was necessaiy for the peace of our country that these men should be rendered powerless for evil ; wherefore (being allowed to go my own way to work) I proceeded, after having rendered it impossible for the marauders to loot in small detached parties, to cut off all the supplies from the hills. I had great difiiculty in doing this effectually, but it was done sufficiently to reduce the robbers to great want, though they continued to draw some supplies from Lharee and Poolijee. Sir Charles then gave me authority ovei" that part of Cutchee in which the Kyheerees had been placed by him after the hill campaign, and I then having the right to protect those villages, stopped all supplies from them, also to the Boogtees, and seized and made prisoners of a number of the latter, who had come to Poolijee for food. The consequence was exactly what I foretold, and I had been so long patiently expecting — the Boogtees were compelled to surrender, to starve, or to tight in force : there was no alterna- tive ; accordingly, they did come out in strength— they made three separate inroads, each time with increased force, till on the last occasion Merewether was able to intercept them and destroy them all, thus making the winning move of a game we had been playing steadily for the best part of a year. The result was certain to happen sooner or later, it was only a question of time ; we were ready for them at all times, seasons, and places ; whenever and wherever they had come the event must have been the same. By the destruction of these Boogtees the country has been relieved of a terrible curse, and this is felt deeply by eveiy man of the inhabitants ; this tribe will not be in a state to give trouble again for many years, pei'haps never ; but were we to relax in our laborious vigilance, I firmly believe (after nine years' experience of these people) that the former state of affairs would be restored in six months. These Jekranees, at Janeydeyra, are the greatest rascals and most inveterate marauders in the whole country, they only keep quiet by reason of a wholesome dread of the gallows which I have established among them. At any time, had they the opportunity, and occasion served, they would, if they could, at once resume their lawless habits ; they might even get across the desert if not looked after, and joining with the remnant of the Boogtee lootoos give us our work to do over again. The men are not yet changed in the slightest degree I know them well, their whole souls are bent on robbery and murder as much as ever. Withdraw the post from Shahpoor, and our protection from the Kyheerees, and right soon would Mun-ees, Doomkees, &c. &c., pick a quarrel with the peacefiil Sheikiis, and plunder all the Cutchee side of the desert ; the Kyheerees would fly I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 117 to Scinde, and that country close to our border, now inhabited by a harmless, isth October. i8»7. i peaceful, well affected race, would be as it was in the time of Beejah Khan (before 1845) when our troops were repulsed in an attack on Pooliiee, and Sir Charles found it necessary to march an army of 5,000 men into the hills in consequence I of the annoyance given to our temtory by the Cutchee marauders. ! Rely on it that mildness is lost on these people, and is terrible cruelty to our I own subjects, whom we are bound to protect. Firmness and justice should be exerted towards them ; but kindness is misun- derstood, and only docs infinite harm so long as they persist in being our enemies, and those of all mankind. I do not think that the ti-ontier will be troubled again so long as we are here, but the posts must be maintained, and we not be idle, or the quiet will be of short ^ duration. I am certain you would find it the most convenient an-angement to give me political, as well as miUtary charge of this frontier ; it would cause no clashing of authority, for the same arrangement is often carried on beneficially elsewhere, ' and I myself held such charge of this very countiy throughout the year 1842, dui-ing the difficult time of the Cabool disasters, without the least contretemps or , inconvenience occurring from it. j Whether you think proper to do this or not, and in whatever situation it may I be thought proper to place or to employ me, you may rely at all times on my I best exertions being used in every way in which they can be useful to the public i sendee ; although it will be anything but pleasant to find myself in a veiy sub- I ordinate position where I have hitherto been the chief. If you could find time to look over the con-espondence about the affairs of this frontier since I have been in charge of it this time, I think you would find it gave ' you some good information as to the state of alFau's in this part of your " Raj." Lest you should think it impertinence on my part to expect political powers here, and to show the position I held here five or six years ago, I send for your perusal Outram's farewell letter to us, which please return and oblige Yours very sincerely, To R. K. Pringle, Esq., (Signed) JOHN JACOB. Commissioner in Scinde. Kh Khanghur, 15th October, 1847. lath October, 1 84;. Sir, In reply to your letter of the 14th October, 1847, to my address, calling for my opinion with regard to the propriety of withdrawing the post from Shahpoor, I beg leave to state that I consider that post for the present, and probably for some years to come, absolutely necessary to the safety and quiet of the frontier, and that to withdraw it now would be an act of machiess. Were we to withdraw our protection from the peaceable and well-disposed Ky- heerees at present they wovddvery soon be (h'iven out of their country, and would fiy to Scinde ; their places would be speedily occupied by predatory tribes as be- fore, and we should have all our work to begin over again. The Murrccs only abstain from looting the Kyheerees because they are known to be under our protection ; withdraw this protection, and that part of the countiy would soon again, as formerly, be a scene of confusion, bloodshed and robbeiy, which would speedily extend to our own territory. The Boogtce tribe will not have power to do hai-m for many years to come probably — possibly they may never again have that power ; but if we relaxed our exertions and vigilance, if idleness took the place of activity, the whole country would soon be as bad as ever. All the Jekranees, Doomkees, &c., settled in our territoiy on the frontier, are the most inveterate marauders in the whole country, hill or plain ; and, in truth, our own people have done as much to keep this country in disorder us the hill men. There are plenty more plunderers in the hills ; the Murrees themselves are the worst of all, though they abstain from annoying us at present, from fear of consc(juences ; they have been looting all over Cutchee. The infantry of the post at Meerpoor should be withdrawn, but every other post, in my ojiinion, should be maintained as it is, and everything go on as usual, I 2 118 RECORDS OF THE lath October, 184 7. notwithstanding the destruction of these Boogtees. It is not an occasional blow, however violent, that will keep this countiy quiet for some years to come ; peace and quietness can only be insured here by daily and hourly labour and untiring watchfulness. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) . JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Khanghur, 16th October, 1847. Sir, 16th October, 1847. Copies of letters No. 871, dated 11th Oct., 1S47, from Assistant J have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 15th Octo- Sciilde" nd 'fieiTochis. bcr, 1847, to my address, with accompaniments mentioned in the margin, and to tan- request that you will have the goodness to cause to be brought to the notice of 8th Oct.,'i84V, from the Honorable Colonel Dandas, C.B., commanding the troops in Scinde, the very Secretary to Govern- mortifvang nosition iu wliicli the orders contained in the above letters have ment of Scinde. , j o i placed me. Even were I able to overcome the feehngs caused by the degi'adation to which I am now subjected, and to go to work as usual (which human nature renders very difficult, if not impossible), my means of usefulness are so curtailed, that I shall be able to do nothing to any purpose ; in short, under the new arrangements (whereby the Collector of Shikarpoor is to be the medium of communication with the frontier tribes, whether within or without the British tenitory, all dis- cretionary power resting with him) I can hold command of this frontier neither with credit and satisfaction to myself nor with benefit to the public sei-vice. It is a gi'ave error to suppose that the state of affairs on this frontier has under- gone as yet any essential change by reason of the destruction of the Boogtees ; that tribe it is true may never be able to be formidable again, but the attempt to plunder in small detached parties will go on as before, for a considerable time at least, and are only to be eflectually stopped by perseverance in those measures which have, during the last year, proved so successful. I have this morning received accounts of the appearance of several small parties of marauders outside the hills ; and the attempts of these robbers wiU never cease, so long as they have hope of success, until the present generation of them shall have passed away ; they are always on the watch for carelessness on our part, and ready to take advantage of it, and if successful, the work of years is overthrown in a day, our own subjects again losing their confidence in our power to protect them. Another circumstance should not be forgotten : there are collected at Janeydeyra and the villages about, great numbers of the most restless spirits, the most daring and inveterate marauders in the whole country, hill or plain, for it is altogether en-oneous to suppose that any change, even the smallest, has taken place in the men's characters. When I took command of this frontier the second time, in January last, I found that the country was far more troubled by the proceedings of these men than even by the incursions of the hill robbers ; indeed, the disorder kept up by the robbers, our own subjects, chiefly enabled the others to escape with impunity. The whole country here on our border was one large corporation of robbers, nearly every Zemindar was in league with the freebooters, taking care of their horses and arms (of which they were supposed to have been deprived by order of His Excellency the Governor) and receiving a share of the plunder. All this, and much more, was quite unknown or disregarded till my anival at Khanghur, and was not believed until one day I caught in the act some twenty or thirty Jekranee and Kosah horsemen, armed to the teeth, and with all the plunder they had taken in their possession, on their way back to Janeydeyra. All the circumstances alluded to now are on record in official correspondence at head quarters. These marauding expeditions of our own subjects I at once put down w^th the strong hand, but let the gi'asp of that hand be relaxed even but a little, and the former state of things would immediately recur. Your purely civil magistrate could do nothing with these people. The first most important and necessary thing to the successful performance of the duties of the command of this frontier, is the possession of the confidence and SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 119 respect of our own people ; these I do possess in the highest degree, but such will isth October, 1847 no longer bo the case when 1 am virtually placed under the orders of the Collector of Shikarpoor. Tlic manac-emcnt of the fi-ontier, if the work be done properly, forms ample employment for one man, even of the most active habits of mind and body ; the j Collector of Shikarpoor has fifty other things to attend to ; how then can he, howcvei' superior his ability to mine, manage the fi'ontier so cfFeetually as I, whose sole business it would be, and who have had nine years' experience of these people ' I beg leave to point out that six years ago, when not under a militaiy Govern- ; ment, I held })oiitical and military charge of this very frontier. I held it through- out the extraordinarily ditiicult period of the Cabool disasters, and held it with perfect success, as the accompanying letter from the Political Agent in Scinde and Beloochistan wull show ; that I have not since become unworthy of holding such charge. His Excellency Sir (Charles Napier has recorded, and events have shown — i wherefore I trust that I shall be at once restored to such a position on the frontier as may enable me to hold the command with satisfaction to myself (without which feeling, zeal in spite of every effort, becomes weariness) and with advantage to the i sen'ice. There is nothing new in the grant of the authority I ask for ; it is a position fi-equently held by officers on our frontiers, and only the same as that formerly held by myself. The an-angement can lead to no inconvenience ; I should have poli- i tical authority under the Governor or Commissioner of Scinde over the tribes in our immediate neighboiu'hood and beyond our border, and be the sole channel of communication with them ; I should also have magisterial authority over our own subjects on the frontier, in all matters in which the safe guarding of the country ; from without might be concerned ; I should have discretionary power to move f the troops under my command, and to act at once as occasion might require, i reporting on all militaiy subjects to my military superiors, whether at Shikarpoor . or Scinde head quarters, as might be directed, and should receive orders in the ' same way, on military subjects. All this is in effect what my position has hitherto been under the rule of His Excellency SirC. Napier, since which I hope I have done nothing to forfeit it, and trust that Colonel the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., his successor in command of the troops in Scinde, wall see fit to maintain me in this position for the future ; which application to the Commissioner, or to Government if necessary, would assui'cdlv effect. I have the honor, &c., To" Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. Khanghur, 17th October, 1847. 17th October, i847. Sir, I have this moment (3, p.m.) received intelligence of another intended in- road of the hill robbers into the plains, by letters from Deen Mahomed, the Munee Chief, whose information I have hitherto found very con-ect. It is impossible for me to say in which way the mountaineers may come on this desperate expedition, but I start immediately for Shahpoor, leaving Lieutenant Green to look after the eastward ; I beg leave to observe, that although I trust to be able to give as good an account of the invaders on this occasion as on the last, yet, in spite of myself, I feel half my energies jjaralyzed by the new position in which I am placed on the fi-ontier. Were I to wait for instructions from the Collector of Shikarpoor, the whole country might be plundered before anj'thing could be done to prevent it, yet by acting at once, I am in a measure disobeying orders ; I must have political and discretionaiy authority, or I am powerless. The being placed under the Collector, and the knowledge that other persons are communicating with the fi'ontiei' tribes, and, without my knowledge, interfering with what has been heretofore my pecuHar province, prevents my feeling that confidence in the success of my aiTangements which is necessary to ensure such a resiUt. I have the honor to forward herewith the letters Horn Deen Mahomed Murree above alluded to. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Conunanding Scinde Irregular Horse and Frontier. I 3 120 RECORDS OF THE 2Hth October, 1S47. Klianghuv, 28th October, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 26th Octo- ber, 1847, to my address, with accompaniments herewith returned, and in reply herewith to state, that the wells for which I have applied, will, in my opinion, per- manently suffice for the frontier posts, but of course periodical clearings and repairs will always be i-equisite ; and with regard to the post at Shahpoor, where the wells are all necessarily " Cutcha," new wells must be dug occasionally, as the old ones fall in and become filled up ; the expense of this is however trifling, being about 20 rupees only for each well ; these wells last in a sound state from twelve months to two years generally. At Khanghur and Khyree Ghurree the puckah wells being necessarily sunk deep into the soil of the desert, it is requisite, in order to ensure a due supply of fresh water, to turn the Indus water into the wells during the inundation, and to keep them full as long as possible. Unless this be done the water soon becomes brackish and sometimes fails altogether. The practice above alluded to is found successful, but of course renders a more extensive clearing out and repairing of the wells necessary, after the subsiding of the Indus water, than would otherwise be required. All this is best done by persons residing on the spot ; and the work should be executed by the officer commanding on the frontier, bills on honor being passed for the necessary expense. The same will probably be the case with tlie wells at Dil Morad and Hassan ke Ghurree ; but until the wells shall be sunk, and the quantity and quality of the water obtainable ascertained, I can speak positively on no point. At Rojaun the wells will require the usual pe- riodical cleaning, &c., but the Indus water never reaches them. Hereafter, should the chain of fi-ontier posts be made to extend through Boordeeka to the river, two more wells may be required between Hassan ke Ghurree and Kusmore ; and this aiTangement of having the whole frontier from the Indus to Khyree Ghurree undci- one system, and under the command of one man will, I am convinced, be found the best which can be made, and will eventually be adopted by Government. One of my regiments, with one company of Infantry at Shahpoor, will be suffi- cient to guard the whole extent fi'om east to west. I would withdraw the Infantry altogether from Meerpoor, and move the post of horse to Hassan ke Ghurree, so soon as there may be a sufficient supply of water at the latter place. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To Colonel Shaw, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse and Frontier. Commanding in Upper Scinde. P.S. When I mention that one of my regiments will suffice effectually to guard this frontier fi'om east to west, I mean that the Belooch and Kyheeree horsemen now attached to us as guides, &c., are to remain so. (Signed) J. JACOB. 29th October, 1847. Khaughur, 29th Octobcr, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to report, that I have this morning returned to Khanghur, after having satisfactorily ascertained that everything is perfectly quiet on and near the British fi'ontier, and likely to remain so. At Poolijee some Boogtee women were seized, who, by their own account, had just come out of the hills, having been sent by Islam Khan to spy and gain in- formation for him. I have also made prisoner of one Wulleedad Ranioozye, a petty chief of the Boogtees, who came out of the hills to me, as he says, by reason of hunger. I am informed by these people, as well as my own spies, that all the men of different tribes who had come to Islam Khan at Deyrah had left him ; that no one on any side will afford him the least assistance, the reply he receives to all his urgent entreaties being that he has brought his misfortune on himself, and that no one will assist him in a quarrel with the British Government. There were at Deyrah, when Wulleedad left the place on the 23rd instant, but 200 souls there in all, including men, women, children, Bunneah's, and Belooch ; this number would not give more than about twenty fighting men. Islam Khan's female spies also inform me that he, as well as all the inferior chiefs, have no resource left but surrender to the Sirkar, and that thev are all most I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 121 anxious to come in and submit themselves accordingly ; that they were about to 29th October, 1847. do so some days before the women left Deyi'ah, but that some female messengers, who had been sent to the Jekranees, at Janeydeyra, to make inquiries, brought back a message from Durna Khan, advising them on no account to come in, for that I should certainly imprison them. Nevertheless, I think it highly probable that they may be even now on the way to give themselves up. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scindc Irregular Horse and Frontier. To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, Conmiauding in Upper Scinde. Sir, Khanghur, 29th October, 1847. 29th October, i84-. I have the honor to forward herewith the under-mentioned Boogtee prisoners : — 1 Man. — WuUeedad Ramoozye, who suiTcnders himself prisoner, f) Men. — Wounded and taken prisoners on the fight of the 1st instant. 6 Women. — Sent fi'om the hills as spies by Islam Khan. 1 Man. — Who came and sun-endcrcd himself prisoner. 4 Women. — Who came in with the man last mentioned. 4 Children. — Who came in with the women last mentioned — twenty- two persons in all. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To Colonel Shaw, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse and Frontier. Khanghur, 4th November, 1847. itu November, 1817. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communication, dated 2nd November, 1847, with a copy of letter No. 968 of 1847, from the Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. Agreeably to the insti-uctions contained therein, I have the honor to forward herewith all the letters I can find relating to the subjects in cjuestion. The letters from me on the same subject are, I presume, in the office of the Assistant Adjutant-General, and not required. The contents of these letters will not show very definitively the position I have held on this frontier. Practically, however, I was made by His Excellency the Governor the sole authority, military and political, as far as related to the safe keeping of the border, throughout that part of the frontier of Scinde and Cutehec which was placed under my command. With regard to the system of policy pursued by me on this fi'ontier, the best way of explaining it, perhaps, will be to state as shortly as possible what actually have been my proceedings, and the facts that have taken place. On the 9th of January, 1847, 1 arrived at Khanghur, and received command of the frontier outposts. At this time I found the country in a state of the greatest disorder, which had become much worse since the successful raid of the Boogtee tribe in December, 184(i, when the mountaineers came down in force to within twenty miles of Shikarpoor, and returnetl uninjured to the hills. In fact, the whole of the country on the border, and lor a considerable distance within it, was one continued scene of teiTor and alarm. On the night before we arrived at Khanghur, Ailum Khan himself, with a body of predatory horse, was plundering on the road between Janeydeyra and Jagun, whence he carried off a number of camels of the baggage corps. The next night horsemen from the hills carried oft' camels from Rojaun, and this appeared to be the normal state of affairs. 'Ciicre was no peace or quiet anywhere on the frontier, and General Hunter himself told me, and has expressed the same in one of these letters now forwarded, that they were always expecting Shikarpoor to be attacked. The people of the country had not the shghest confidence in British protection ; everybody carried arms, I 4 122 RECORDS OF THE 4 til November, 1847. it was aliuost iiiipossible to distinguish friend from foe, and the inhabitants of our own territory were quite as much given to marauding, and did quite as much to keep up disorder and bloodshed as the robbers from the hills. In fact, a system of private warfare was constantly carried on by both parties to an almost incre- dible extent. On the side of Boordeeka, in the territory of His Highness Ali Morad, matters were, if possible, even worse. To remedy this state of affairs it appeared to me, that the first thing to be done was to put a stop to all marauding on the part of our own subjects, and to give the well-disposed portion of them reasonable confidence in our ability to protect them. I therefore proceeded to establish a system of daily and nightly patrols of horse along the whole frontier, on both sides of the desert, and into Boordeeka and Cutchee. These patrols constantly went to Ooch, Punnian, Hoodoo, Goree Nar- ree, &c. ; and notwithstanding the long distances and want of water, this daily labour was persevered in throughout the hot season — with what effect is well known . Having thus provided against disturbance from without, I endeavoured to re- medy internal disorder. As soon, therefore, as my patrolling arrangements were established, I jJi'oceeded to disarm every man in the country not having especial permission to cany arms. This having been done it was no longer ditficult to distinguish a robber fi'om a true man. The horses and the mares of the Jekranees at JaneydejTa had been taken fi-om them and sold a year before, by order of His Excellency the Governor, but I soon discovered that the sale was fictitious, and that their horses had merely been placed for safe keeping with various Zemindars all over the country ; and all this was quite unknown to Government. Whenever the Jekranees wished to proceed on a predatory excursion, the horses and all else required wex-e immediately forth- coming ; the men, mounted and armed, assembled one by one at some convenient place of rendezvous, and on their return disposed of the plunder among then' Ze- mindar fi'iends, and returned singly to their homes secretly, as they went out. I warned the Jekranees at Janeydeyra and others, that if I found them still carrying on these predatory excursions, I should imprison them, and they would be hanged ; but long impunity had made them bold, and having great confidence in their own native cunning, they fancied they could still conceal their deeds from my knowledge, until on the 28th January, a party of them were seized by one of my patrols near Thool, mounted, armed, and with a number of stolen cattle in their possession ; their swords were covered with fresh blood ; and the culprits themselves boasted of having killed six men, whom they found with the cattle they had carried off. I deprived these robbers of their horses and arms, and sent the men to prison at Shikarpoor. The effect of this proceeding was great and excellent. The Zemindars feared any longer to connect themselves with these secret expeditions, which indeed ceased to be profitable, they having on this occa- sion lost their horses, arms, and plunder. The well-disposed people acquired confidence in Government, and in a few months the country settled down into the most profound tranquillity, which has not since been disturbed by the appearance of a single marauder within the British territory. Having completely put a stop to plundering on the border, whether from our side or without, and caused the mountaineers themselves to look on further at- tempts at present to invade our territory as hopeless, I proceeded to endeavour to render these hill men powerless for evil in future. Their chiefs, Islam Khan, Allum Khan, &c., positively refused to submit to the British Government, or to acknowledge its supremacy, thinking themselves safe and quite out of reach in their mountain fastnesses ; however, I soon discovered that they were entirely de- pendent for food on supplies from the plains, principally from our own territory and fi-om Boordeeka. These supplies with some difficulty I almost entirely put a stop to, thereby reducing the plundering tribes to the greatest distress. Having cut oft' their food from Scinde, I proceeded to do the same on the Cut- chee side, and succeeded in doing so, with the exception that occasional convoys reached them from Lharee. They were soon reduced to the most fearful ex- tremity ; but though the poorer families of the Boogtees were literally dying of stai-vation, and many came in to surrender to me in a famished state, yet their chiefs, in spite of the entreaties of their stai-ving followers, obstinately refused to suiTcnder. At last the famine could no longer be borne ; no alternative remained SCINDK IRREGULAR HORSE. 123 but to surrender, to die, or to obtain food by force; tbey prefeiTed the latter 4th November, 1 84 7. course, and assembling as many fighting men as they could, made three separate inroads into that part of Cutchee inhabited by the Kyheerees under our pi-o- tection. In their assaults on the towns of Poolijee, ike, they were repulsed, and on the occasion of the third inroad they were attticked and almost wholly de- stroyed by Lieutenant Merewether. After this they still endeavoured to make one more effort, but without success. Their friends, so soon as tbey knew the fearful extent of the disaster which had befallen them, left them to their fate. Still the Boogtee Chiefs did not surrender, and the reports again making head for another inroad, although evidently without foundation, in truth did harm, by causing alarm among the jjcople of the j)lain. I therefore proceeded to bring matters to a crisis, and managed to have it believed that I was proceeding at once to Deyra to seize Islam Khan, &c. This news was carried to Deyra by their own spies, who reported to Islam Khan that they had seen me in full march towards Deyra. When this intelligence reached him the Boogtee at once made up his mind to surrender, but having been informed, by a message fi-om Janeytleyra, that he ought not to come into me, as I had determined on imprisoning him, and being advised by these Jekranees and other parties to surrender to the police at Kusmorc, Islam Khan, ike, immediately proceeded to Kusmore and gave himself up to the Russuldar of police, Alifl'Khan. I trust I shall be excused for writing this long letter ; I knew not how to make myself intelligible to any one not acciuainted with most of the circumstances set forth, without entering into particulars. The system of policy by which my proceedings have been regulated may be comprised in three or four words, " common sense, bard labour, perseverance, and " watchfulness." These I have at least endeavoured to practice ; the result has been that our own people are perfectly protected from injury to persons and property, and also completely prevented from injuring their neighbours. Not an armed man, save the soldiers and policemen of the State, is now ever seen on the border. People go about backwards and forwards between Scinde and Cutchee, even with much valuable property on camels, &c., without a single armed attendant, without fear and perfectly unmolested. This state of aftairs may, I am certain, be perpetuated with a proper arrangement for guarding the frontier ; but if it be neglected or mismanaged, things will in a few years be as bad as ever. The Jekranees, at .laneydeyra, are inveterate marauders; it is an error to suppose that they have really been changed in the least since they have become British subjects ; they continually pine after the stormy and lawless freedom they have lost, and are always on the watch for the renewal of the joys of a robber's life. Many of the Kosahs about are not much better, and the whole, if not carefully watched and strongly con- trolled, would soon re-establish the systematic plundering which so long kept this country in a ferment, and reduced some of the most fertile parts of it to a desert. To maintain the ])eace and (piiet now so happily cstabhshed on this frontier, it appears to me almost necessary that the control of it should be in one man's hands, and should be his sole, or his principal duty. He should have the com- mand from Kusmorc, on the Indus, to the extreme western boundary, the police being wholly withdrawn fi'om the posts, or if kept there, placed entirely under the orders of the officer commanding the frontier. The frontier officer should have political authority concerning such matters as I'clatc to the safe guarding of the frontier ; magisterial powers over our own subjects to the same extent ; and should be the sole channel of communication with the frontier tribes in our inuncdiatc neighbourhood. The post of Commandant on the frontier is no sinecure ; its duties will be ([uite sufHcient to occupy the time of any man, how- ever active of mind and body, and cannot be efficiently performed by the Col- lector or other officer similarly situated, having already a sufHcicncy of work to perform in bis own peculiar line. I beg leave to apologise Ibi' making these observations, which I trust will not be thought impertinent or uncalled for ; my only wish is to be useful, and I have been so long connected with this part of the country that I necessarily take a greater interest in it, and am better acquainted with it and its people than almost any one else. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) .JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 124 RECORDS OF THE 13th November, 1847. Khaoghui", 13th Noveiubei', 1847. Sir, The 2nd Regiment of the Scinde Irregailar Horse, under my command, being now complete in every respect, I have the honor to request that application may be made to Government for a decision in regard to its permanent command for the future. When the regiment was proposed to be raised it was, I have every reason to beheve, fully the intention of the Government of Scinde and of India that I should permanently retain the command of both regiments ; a different intention is, however, expressed in the General Orders for raising the corps, and it appears uncertain how long the regiment may be retained under my command. This uncertainty is not (it appears to me) conducive to the good of the sei-vice, and I beg leave to recommend that in the case of Government deciding that the perma- nent command of both regiments is not to rest with me, my second in command, Lieutenant Malcolm, may be at once appointed Commandant of the 2nd Regiment Scinde IiTCgular Horse. This officer has long belonged to the regiment, has seen much service with it, and is highly qualified for the com- mand. In case of Government thinking proper to retain me in permanent command of both regiments, I beg leave to submit that it would only be fau" to increase the pay of the two seconds in command from 500 rupees to 750 rupees each per mensem, and my own allowance to 1,500 rupees ; this will not cost the State anything above the ordinary cost of the two regiments, the pay of the one Commandant saved exactly covering the increased allowances above- mentioned. At present I receive an allowance of 200 rapees a month for the command of the 2nd Regiment, which, however, I thought it only just to give up to Lieu- tenant Malcolm, he being in personal command of the regiment at Hyderabad. This state of things is not satisfactory, and I trust I shall be excused for requesting that it may be settled permanently one way or the other. I need hardly say that I shall be proud to retain command of both regiments, which have been formed completely after a fashion of my own, and the men of which look to me as their natural head, under whose leading they have hitherto been uniformly successful ; but if this be not the wish of Government, it will only be fair to Lieutenant Malcolm and the corps at once to give him the command of the 2nd Regiment. To Major Green, C.B., I have the honor, &c.. Assistant-Adjutant General, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Kurrachee. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 29th July, 1S47. Assistant Adjutant-General's Office, 29th July, 1847. Sir, I am directed by His Excellency Lieutenant- General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., to forward for your information the accompanying transcript of a letter from the Adjutant-General of the Ai-my, No. 1,356, of the 12th instant, conveying the opinion of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, on the subject of the practice of the men of the regiments of In-egular Cavalry being permitted to wear swords off duty when visiting towns and bazaars. His Excellency also directs me to say that the two regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse may be also allowed to continue the privilege of wearing their swords when off dutv. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. r2(h July, 181". Adjutant-General's Office, 12th July, 1847. Sir, Adverting to your Excellency's two letteis, Nos. 43 and 83, of the 9th and 27th January last, with accompaniments relative to the practice of the men of regiments of Irregular Cavah-y being permitted to wear swords off duty when visiting towns and bazaars, I am directed by the Commander-in-Chief to acquaint you, that the subject having been submitted for the decision of Government by the hitc Commander-in-Chief, Sir Thomas MacMahon, has been since refen-ed for SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 125 Sir Will()u,!?hby Cotton's opinion, und that it htmng been ascei-tained to have 12th July, 1847. been a privilege which has been held by the Poona Irregular Horse from the period of the corps being first raised, and the abolition of which there seems rea,son to suppose might be regarded by the men as an unjust infringement of the same, and might tend to create a bad feeling amongst them, the Commander-in- Chief, though concun-ing with your Excellency in the general opinions you have expressed on the subject, has with the concunence of Government determined on not interfering with this privilege, but leaving the two regiments of Poona and Guzerat Horse at liberty to wear their swords off duty, when visiting towns and bazaars, as heretofore. 1 have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To His Excellency Acting Adjutant-General of the Army. Lieutenant-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., Conmianding the Troops in Scinde. (True copv.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant- General, Scinde and Beloochistan. Head Quarters, Kun'achee. EXTRACT fiom General Orders by His Excellency Lieutenant-General Sir C. J. Napier, G.C.B., commanding the Troops in Scinde. ! No. 2. — The Lievitenant-Gencral commanding having submitted to His Excel- f lency the Commander-in-Chief the question, as to whether the men of the regi- I ments of Scinde Irregular Horse are to be considered entitled to the privilege of wearing their swords, when \asiting towns and bazaars off duty, as supposed to be permitted in the regiments of Poona and Guzerat Horse, and a reply having been received through the Adjutant- General of the army to the effect that such a practice is allowed in those regiments, His Excellency, with reference to the General Orders of the 23rd Februaiy last, is pleased to sanction the Scinde Horse wearing theii- swords when off duty and when visiting towns and bazaars. (True extract.) (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. From Mr. Pringle, Commissioner in Scinde, to Major Jacob. 23rd October, 1847. My dear Sir, I have been favored with your letter of the 15th, and am very nuich obliged for all the information it contains regarding the frontier tribes. Any infoi-mation or suggestions on such subjects, from an officer of vGur experience and character, will always be most acceptable, and will be highly appreciated by me. 1 will not venture at present to offer any opinion at variance with yours, who arc so much better able to form a judgment, but I confess I am unwilling to forego the hoj)e that something may be done to improve the condition of those tribes and the character of our relations with them, by kind and conciliatory measures, though it may have been necessary that these should be preceded by more rigid ones, to prevent any misapprehension as to the motives which led to them. I'crluips, how- ever, the late very severe chastisement the Boogtees have met with may be a fitting occasion to enter upon a milder course of treatment, without incurring the risk of its being misunderstood. For some years after we got the Deccan all our measures towards the Bhecls of the Satpooras were of the severer kind, but altho\igh they had the effect of repressing excesses at the time, we found we made no progress towards eradicating their cause, and it was not until a milder but fii-m policy was tried, and very successfully prosecuted under Captain Outram, that any permanent amelioration was effected ; the attempt, however, was completely successful at last, as you pro- bably know. 126 RECORDS OF THE 23rd October, 1847 ISth November, 1S47 ■Uh Oet'eniber, 184 7 With regard to your own position, I have only to repeat what I said before, that my present arrangements have been entirely irrespective of personal con- siderations. Had I found j-ou formally and officially placed in political charge of our relations with the tribes on the fi-ontier by Sir Charles Napier, I should have been too glad to have recognised you as such, and availed myself of your valuable services in that capacity. I would in that case have considered you as immedi- ately under my orders as Civil Commissioner. As it is I have no official knowledge of your position but as a military officer whom the late Governor had employed, in duties partly militaiy and partly poli- tical, but without formally investing with any authority of the latter kind. Any reports you may have made up to this time appear to have been entirely in the militaiy department, and I have no knowledge of them, or indeed of any of the events which preceded the late affair with the Boogtees. I have, however, now requested that whatever information of this kind there may be in that department may be transfeiTcd to me. I hope that state of things may be altered ; and I will endeavour by-and-by to place you in a position more satisfactory to yourself and more advantageous to the public service, but in the meantime I shall be glad to receive any aid or information you can afford in an indirect way towards the arrangement of our afiairs with the hill tribes. I return Colonel Outram's letter, with thanks for the perusal. It is quite in conformity with all I had heard of you . Believe me, my dear Sir, Yours very sincerely, (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE. Dear Sir, I hope that my general orders regarding Lieutenant Merewether's gallant affair will be satisfactoiy to you and to him, and to your men. The Commander- in-Chief has lost no time in marking in a similar manner his sense of the excellent services of your corps. I am sorry to find that on a late occasion some arrangements made during a change of Government in Scinde had the effect, as you apprehended, of placing you in a position that would become painful to your feelings, and be calculated to impair your influence. I assure you I should regret anything which had such consequences ; and you may rely upon it that I shall consider it to be no less a duty than a gratification to extend, rather than to circumscribe, your authority in the important position which you have so long ably filled. Believe me, dear Sir, Yours very ti-uly. (Signed) G. CLERK. My dear French, Many thanks for your letter of the 18th November, which reached me to- day. This frontier business is the simplest thing to arrange in the w'orld ; the only difficulty is caused by Mr. Pringle's most curious ignorance of everything re- lating to the matter, and by his having taken a violent dislike, or prejudice ap- parently, against everything done or proposed by me, who must either be the gi-eatest ass, or else better acquainted with the subject than any one else. This prejudice is, it seems, caused by my having been greatly trusted by Sir C. Napier ; and of course everything done under a "military despotism" must be wrong! You will see by Mr. Brown's official letter, of the 16th November, that the Com- missioner wishes to make me responsible for all Sir Charles's policy with regard to this country, some of which (the seizing the Boogtees at Poolijee, to wit, before I was allowed to protect the Shaiks) was directly opposed to my expressed opinion, and with the propriety of all of which I had little or nothing to do. I have written officially on the subject till I am nearly sick of it ; the difficulty is to get heard. My letters are not foi-warded to Government, and I receive replies con- sisting of mere childishness. (I mean nothing disrespectful by this ; it is true). I send herewith some of the correspondence which has taken place about this frontier ; I cannot expect Mr. Clerk to wade through this, but I hope he will read two or three of my last letters, which will show him something of the state of aftairs during the last year on this border. I am certain of my ground, and SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 127 have proved the truth of my views by actual ti-ial. I have not the least shadow 4tii December, 1847. of a doubt as to my abihty to keep this frontier in perfect peace and quietness, without m future being compelled ever to resort to actual violence. In writing on this matter it is probable that some of what I set forth may appear to be caused by silly personal vanity. I cannot help this ; but there is nothing of the kind concerned in the matter. My name in this country (not only with my own men, but among all the people through the land) for making bundobust, &c., is such that I have not half the trouble in managing matters that any one else would have, though his abihty might be by nature much greater than mine ; and it must be so, unless I be a fool, after nine years' experience and hard labour at the business. The Boogtee tribe are now provided for, at least they have all surrendered and come into Shikarpoor, and it has been settled, I believe, to locate them near Larkhana (but to the north of that place, which is wrong) ; some of them are also to be taken into our police nokree, &c. Unless some veiy gi'ave mistakes should be made, in future the great body of this tribe will never give trouble again. They will quietly settle down into the same harmless state as ai-e all the other Belooch famiUes in Scinde. But it is the greatest mistake to suppose that these people are to be governed, pleased, or made contented by coaxing them ; they nmst fear us ! it is their fears alone which will ever restrain the present genera- tion from indulging in the predatoiy habits which have hitherto been their gloiy, and that of their fathers for ages before them. They must be con\inced that their strength is weakness before us, and that the attempt to resist our laws ■will bring ruin. That all retm-n to their former wild life, in short, is utterly hopeless ; and then, and not till then, will these wild robbers settle dovra quietly in their new mode of life, and become good citizens. I am not speculating in this, I deal with facts ; and indeed, from the nature of my disposition, mind, and training, I always find it more easy to do than to explain, and am quite conscious of want of abihty as a WTitcr and speaker, which is an immense disadvantage in discussing these things. Well ! look at the Jekranees settled on this frontier by Sii- Charles They were not made to fear us, nor to respect our power ; it was the fashion for the outposts and the Shikarpoor brigade to be afraid of the lootoos, wherefore the lootoos were held in fear and terror by all the people in the country. The Jekranees still prided themselves on being lootoos, and were the more respected for being such ; they still practised their calling as much as ever, and this was sometimes unknown and sometimes connived at. WTiat was the consequence ? up to the time of our arriving on the frontier, though these people had been settled at Janeydep-a for two years, they had not changed in the smallest degree ; no man had built a house ; no man ever put his hand to a plough or hoe ! they were as much robbers as ever, and were proud of being such. How is it now ? I have at this moment 120 Beloochs (Doomkees and Jekranees) digging merrily at a canal; and they have taken to cultivating their fields (awkwardly enough, certainly, but) with as good will as if they had been agiiculturists all their lives. How has this been done ? By my having made the business of a lootoo disi-eputable and unlucky, as well as dan- gerous ! The alteration in the people of the country is most extraordinary. Every- body is looking khoosh, or at least was so, until Mr. P. kicked me out ; since then they are getting a little frightened, and some of the lootoos have hopes that I am to go away, when they may try their luck again. No man is ever seen armed, save our own soldiers ; everybody is beginning to feel safe and comfortable, and even the very lootoos in our tenitoiy are half inclined to rejoice at the change. All that I say is frilly proved by the papers sent with this, and by the fact that since the day of our arrival on this frontier there has hardly even been an alarm of plunderers. My plan of managing this frontier is plainly enough set forth in my official letters ; it is this : — ^The outposts from the river to the western desert to be held by the Scinde Irregular Hoise, the regiments relieving each other annually, or what would be better, both being posted on the frontier (I say would be better, because Hyderabad is about the worst place in India for cavaliy, forage and grain being enormously expensive) ; however, this is of little consc(|uence to the genei-al question. The whole of the outposts to be held by the Scinde Irregular Horse, without infantry, or any one else (I do not want another man) and to be under my command. I to have full power to post them as I please. I should also be political agent on the frontier, and the channel of conununication between higher authority and the Khan's (of Kelat) people beyond oui' territory. I should have 128 RECORDS OF THE 4th December, 1847. fuU powei" to aiTaiige all frontier bundobust with the Kelat authorities, those of Khyi'poor, &c. 200 Belooch horsemen should be attached to me, having no connection with the police, and of course, I employing whatever men I thought proper, Belooch, Kyheerees, &c. I should have magisterial powers over our own people, and should not be under any military authority below the Divisional Commander. I should also have the power of making arrangements in commu- nication with the Collector for the locating of fugitives from the hills, &c., on waste lands in our temtory. I should, of course, be under the authority of the Commissioner, or whosoever else might be supreme in Scinde, in all things ; but much must be left by him (as it was by Sir Charles) to my discretion, and all petty nonsense avoided. With these arrangements, I would withdraw the post altogether from Shah- poor and afford protection to the Kyheerees by moral influence, which in ge- neral on this frontier I have found more powerful than any physicial force, and by keeping some of them in our pay. The Murrees fear us awfully, and are always too happy to do anything I tell them. Through that tribe, and my arrangements with the Kelat authorities, I could certainly protect the Kyheerees, without the great inconvenience of maintaining a post so far beyond our boundary as Shahpoor. All this is easier to me in practice than in description, but I will stake my reputation on succeeding w^ell. I should thus permanently maintain a peaceable and friendly race (without any apparent inteference on our part) inmie- diately beyond the desert on our frontier in that country, which as you know, was formerly one large nest of robbers, even up to 184.5. These people, the Kyheerees, under proper management would answer all the purposes of the Shahpoor post, without any of the inconveniences. On our own side I would maintain a steady quiet system of patrols, which would prevent the hitherto predatory tribes, as well in our own territory as beyond it, from entertain- ing a thought of "again being able to loot with success. By persevering for a few years in this bundobust, the habits of private warfare would be broken (they are gi-eatly shaken as it is) ; the people, now priding themselves on their murderous deeds, would direct their energies (and they are great, though misdirected) to peace affairs, would grow rich and comfortable, and then fully feel the value of protection for life and property. Of course, I would allow no bearing of arms by any one without leave in writing from me, neither would I allow the Belooch refugees to keep horses and mares for some years to come. This is the substance of what I should propose for the permanent governing of this frontier. Of the success of the proposed arrangements I am as certain as man can be of such things, and as I have hitherto never failed, I may without presumption hope to be trusted. I have been annoyed and disgusted beyond measure by the treatment I have received from Mr. Pringle, and feel deeply the unmerited disgi'ace he has inflicted on me. The voice of the people of the country, far and wide, is however loud in our praises ! Every child knows the value of what we have done, and that no one else had hitherto been able to do it, and all are thankful accordingly ; this may well be set off against the persecution of the Commissioner. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) JOHN JACOB. 9th Jaiiuar, , 184«. SiR, I have the honor to report, for the information of the officer commanding the troops in Scinde, that the state of affairs in Cutchee, as respects the relations between the Brahooee Government, the hill tribes and the Kyheerees, is becoming such as appears likely, at no distant period, to cause much disorder on the British frontier. Mutual hostilities have for some months past been canied on between the Brahooees and the hill tribe of Mun-ees, and the former have lately assembled a force under command of Mahomed Hussan, Wuzzeer of the Khan of Kelat, for the purpose of making war on the MuiTees in their hills. After some slight affairs had taken place between them, a Murree force about five days ago made a descent on the large town of Dadur, which they plundered, killing several of the Brahooees. Meanwhile several parties of the Boogtees have been plundering the Murrees in the hills, and canying off their cattle. Nothing of this would concern the quiet of the British territory in the least, SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 129 were it not that the Government of the Khan of Kclat appears to have forgotten 9th January, i848. the pecuHar cii'cumstances under which the Kyheeree tribe was settled on the Cutchee frontier, and its relations with the British Government. Mahomed Hussan has now called in the Kyheerees, as subjects of the Khan of Kelat, to join him in making war upon the Murrees ; and if this be permitted it will assuredly bring back all manner of disorder and bloodshed on the British frontier, happily now so quiet and peaceable. I beg leave to point out that the Kyheeree tribe was put in possession of the lands they now hold by the British Government under the following circumstances, with which, I having been the person employed by His Excellency the Governor to manage the business with the Khan of Kelat, in the beginning of the year 1845, I am well acquainted. That part of Cutchee now held by the Kyheerees formerly belonged to their ancestors, but about twenty years ago they were, after a long and bloody struggle, driven out of the country by the predatoi-y Belooch tribes, the Doomkees and Jckranees. The latter, occupying the country close to the British border, and ha\'ing no occupation but plunder, kept the whole of this frontier in an intolerable state of disorder and misery. The boldness of these tribes increased with success, they refused to acknowledge the authority of, or to pay any I'evenue to, the Kelat Government, the power of which they openly defied, and they even discomfited a strong detachment of British troops sent against them. The Khan of Kelat having acknowledged his utter inability to control this tribe, the campaign of 1845 was entered on, and this ha^^ng been brought to a suc- cessful issue. His Excellency the Governor determined to secure the peace of the British frontier by settling some friendly tribe on the Cutchee border, which had hitherto been a nest of robbers. The management of the details and the can-ying into effect His Excellency's wishes in this matter he entrusted to me. I at first endeavored to induce the Chandias to settle in the lands in question, but after much negociation this tribe refused to have anything to do with them, through fear of the robber tribes in the hills. I then had recourse to the Kyheerees, and they were finally settled on their hereditary lands, under the protection of the British Government, without which they most justly asserted that they could not remain in safety for one month. The Khan of Kelat fully consented to and approved of the an-angements entered into, and most distinctly agi-eed to consider the Kyheerees as British subjects in so far as the peace of the frontier was concerned. His Excellency the Governor established peace and friendship between the Murrees and Kyheerees, which has hitherto remained undisturbed, and which has been, during the last year, of the greatest use to me in preserving quiet on the frontier. If this peace be now broken and the Kelat Government be allowed to compel the Kyheerees to make war on the Murrees, it appears to me that another hill campaign will very soon become necessaiy, to restrain the predatoiy incursions of the latter, which would probably soon be as troublesome as were formerly those of the Doomkees and Jekranees, and more lately of the Boogtees. Were I entrusted with the political power necessary to enable me to manage the affairs of this frontier, I feel certain that I could arrange this matter to the satisfaction of Government and all parties, without the smallest inconvenience ; as it is I think it my duty to bring it to the notice of my supenors, as I am con- vinced that if nothing be now done in the matter, the consequences will be disas- trous and injurious to the British name. To Colonel Shaw, I have the honor to be, &c.. Commanding in Upper Scinde, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Shikarpoor. Commanding Frontier. PRIVATE. MEMORANDUM of arrangements for the safe keeping of the N.W. frontier of Scinde, proposed by Major Jacob, to have the permanent command of both regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse, and of the Scinde frontier, Irom the Indus to the extreme western boundary, with increased allowances to him and to his two seconds in command, as already applied for: — The head quarters of both regiments to be fixed at Khanghur, and the other posts arranged as already recommended by Colonel Dundas, in communication with 13d RECORDS OF THE 9th January, 184H. Major Jacob. No otliei' ti'oops but the Scinde Irregular Horse will be required, unless it may be thought proper to have a Ught battery attached to the fi'ontier command. ■ The frontier command not to be subordinate to that of Shikarpoor, but distinct by itself, and under the divisional authority. A fi'ontier Staff Officer to be allowed to Major Jacob, with a staff salary of 200 rupees a month. One infantry regiment and a battery will only be required at Shikarpoor, the same at Sukkur, and the Camel Corps, if retained ; otherwise one of the Belooch battalions at Larkhana. The Upper Scinde command and Staff Officer at Shikarpoor will, of course, be no longer required. The station of Larkhana should be under Major Jacob, as part of his frontier command. Shikarpoor and Sukkur should be independent stations, reporting to Di\asion Head Quarters, as usual. 100 Belooch horsemen at 15 rupees a month each, and four Jemadars at 25 rupees a month each, to be attached to the Scinde IiTcgular Horse, and enhsted by Major Jacob fi'om such tribes as he may think proper. Major Jacob to have authority to act at once, always according to discretion, reporting what he does. He should have power also to an-ange his outposts as may appear best to him, and to withdraw the post fi-om Shahpoor altogether if he find that he can do so with safety to the peace of the border. He should have power as at present to move the troops under his command for the protection of Kyheeree villages, &c., when it may appear to be necessary to do so, but this power will in all probability never again be required to be ex- erted, if the political power asked for be given, the most effective means of keeping this fi'ontier quiet being certainly moral rather than physical force ; and the Ky- heerees may be maintained in peaceful and unmolested possession of their lands without any direct interference on our part. Major Jacob to be made Political Agent for the fi'ontier tribes, to have authority to communicate freely with them and the Kelat Government, and to be the channel of communication w4th them from higher authority on all matters, at least relating to the peace and safe keep- ing of the fi'ontier. The Boogtee tribe to be induced to settle altogether in Scinde, and of course not allowed to bear arms there, nor to cross the Scinde frontier without permission. Those of the Boogtee tribe who may choose to continue in the hills to be left to the mercy of the Mm-rees, &c., if they continue to plunder their neighbours; and should they, the Boogtees, resume their habit of plundering in Scinde, they will of course be treated as enemies. The above includes all that appears absolutely necessaiT for the peace of this fi'ontier, but it would be vei-y advantageous in every point of ^^ew if an'ange- ments were afterwards made wdth the Khan of Kelat and His Highness Meer AU Morad, for the ceding to the British Government of those parts of the frontier countiy now belonging to those princes respectively, so as to have one unbroken line of British ten-itory along the border, instead of the villages of three different powers being intricately mixed up with each other, as at present. This aiTangement as respects Meer Ali Morad has, it is beheved, already been proposed and laid before the Government of India by the Government of Scinde. That with the Khan of Kelat might be managed without difficulty by purchasing from that Prince the small piece of country which now belongs to him on the Scinde side of the desert, about Rojaun and the Mamool jungle. This an-angement would not only assist in presendng peace on the frontier, but would be of material advantage to the trade with Khorassan, which is now harassed with numerous petty duties and customs. The duties now le\'ied at Rojaun and Khanghur do not yield the British Government more than 60 or 70 rupees a month, but the effect of levying them is out of all proportion to this amount injurious to the trade. It would be ultimately gi-eatly to the advantage of the British revenue even if all these petty dues were abolished, and import and export on this frontier allowed free. The Khan of Kelat ceasing to hold territory on the Scinde side of the desert, of course all the petty exactions now made there by the officers of that Prince would cease, but it might also be advisable to endeavour by some awangements with His Highness the Khan, to free the trade with Khorassan from all the petty annoyances it is now subject to in passing through Cutchee, where transit I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 131 duties arc levied, not only on account of Government, but by a host of private 9th January, i848. j)orsons at different places, whose right to levy these imposts is nothing more than that of our own highland or border chiefs to collect black mail. Tiie above was fonvarded to the Private Secretaiy to the Honorable the Governor, at his request, on the 15th Januaiy, 1848. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commandine Frontier. Sir, In continuation of my letter of 1847, the 9th January, 1848, to your address, I have the honor to report that I have to-day received information that one Futteh Khan, a mengul, in the senace of the Khan of Kelat, and now residing at Poolijee, acting under orders of the Wuzzeer Mahomed Hussan, on the 8th instant attacked a small party of Murrees who had come peaceably to Poolijee to buy grain from the Kyheerees, killed two of tlicm and took away theu' gi-ain and cattle. I beg leave to point out the necessity of some arrangement being made with the Kelat Government to prevent such proceedings in that part of Cutchee under British pi-otection. Had I necessaiy authority given me, I could settle the business in a satisfactoiy manner at once with His Highness the Khan and his officers ; but if these disordei'S be allowed to continue unchecked, the evil consequences will soon become veiy serious. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde, Commanding Frontier. Shikarpoor. 11th January, 1848. Sir, IGth January, 1848. I am directed by the Colonel commanding the division, to transmit for the information of the Commissioner in Scinde a copy of a letter fiom Major Jacob, commanding the frontier. No. II, of the 9th instant. As the hostilities now being caiTied on between the Brahooees and Murrees are extremely Ukely to involve the Kyheerees in a feud with the latter tribe, and con- sequently upset that tranquillity which now reigns on the British fi-ontier, Colonel Dundas directs mc to request that the Commissioner ^dll be pleased to delegate to Major Jacob poHtical powers to treat with the Mun-ee and Brahooce tribes, as he is convinced, should such powers be given to Major Jacob, that from his well known and felt influence in that part of the country, he will be able to })lace matters on such a footing as will prevent the disorder and bloodshed which will occur unless some instant measures are taken ; and, fi'om what Colonel Dundas has seen himself, he desires me to say that he fully believes that Major Jacob has the power to prevent, without having recourse to the sword, or adopting any measures which will at all bring the British Government into any collision with the tribes. I have, &c., &c., To Captain Brown, (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Secretary to Government, Kurrachee. Assistant- Adjutant General. Sir, 2Gth January, 1848. I am directed by the Commissioner in Scinde to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 39, dated the 16th instant, transmitting copy of one fi-om Major Jacob, commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, to the address of Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, commanding in Upper Scinde, and conveying a suggestion from Colonel the Honorable H. Dundas, commanding the di\nsion, that Major Jacob should be authorized to exert his influence to prevent the Khan of Kelat from requiring the aid of the Kyheeree tribe towards punishing acts of aggression on the part of the Murree tribe, and thereby exposing the former to the eventual risk of reprisals from the latter, which might add to hostilities among the tribes in that quarter generally. 2. — ^The Commissioner is desirous to give to any suggestions of Colonel Dundas, having for their object the maintenance of the peace of the fi'ontier, the weight K I 132 RECORDS OF THE 26th January, 1848. whicli is duc to them ; and, from Major Jacob's high character and reputed ex- perience in the affairs of the hill tribes, he has every reason to believe that the influence of that officer, if any, could be successfully made available for the at- tainment of the object in view ; but after giving the subject his most anxious consideration, he feels very reluctant to enter on the course suggested, unless an absolute necessity for it can be shown to exist. 3. — The principle which, as it appears to the Commissioner, should regulate our policy in that quarter is, to abstain from any interference in the internal feuds of the tribes beyond our frontier, or in their relations with their Sovereign, the Khan of Kelat, which may not be forced upon us by positive engagement, or an obvious necessity for the prevention of aggi'ession on our own subjects ; and the object of our measures, whether direct or indirect, should, he conceives, be strictly limited to the maintenance of our faith and the security of our own territory. 4. — It is not apparent, fi-om Major Jacob's letter, that the last of these grounds of interference exists in the present instance, or rather, from the expression at the commencement of his third paragraph, the contrary may be inferred. It is, therefore, the first only that requires to be considered. 5. — ]\Iajor Jacob seems to intimate in his fourth paragraph, that from trans- actions which took place within his personal cognizance, we are under some pledge to protect the Kyheeree tribe. There is nothing, however, on the civil records of this Government to show that such is the case, while an opposite influence might rather be drawn from the apparent impolicy, and therefore improbability, of such an engagement ; and the express declaration of Sir Charles Napier, in a letter addressed to the Government of India, in which, while reporting that he had reinstated the Kyheerees in their former position, he states that it was under the clear understanding that they were subject to the Khan of Kelat, liege lord, to whom they had sworn obedience, and who had agreed to protect them ; an un- derstanding hardly compatible with the intention to exempt that tribe fi-om the obligation to afford their aid wiien called upon by the Khan towards the repres- sion of contumacy or rebellion on the part of others of his feudatories, under the apprehension that it might bring upon them the eventual vengeance of the latter. Nor is such an intention at all more apparent in Sir Charles Napier's order, No. 747, dated the 3rd September last, which formed an accompaniment to Major : Jacob's letter, of the 25th November, following to your address, in which order the obligation of the Kyheerees to oppose the Boogtees is inculcated, and dis- tinctly based on the ground of the common allegiance of both tribes to the Khan of Kelat, as their Sovereign, and the implied rebellion of the then position of the latter tribe to that Prince, and this, it is to be observed, at a time when the main- tenance of such a principle not only exposed tlie Kyheerees to the risk of incur- ring the enmity of the Boogtees, but had actually brought it upon them, wiiich circumstance had led Major Jacob to deprecate the placing them in a position which might involve them in hostilities with that tribe. It is also to be remarked that this may be taken as the latest exposition of Sir Charles Napier's views on the subject, as the order referred to is dated within a month of his retii'ement from the Government. That such was Major Jacob's own expression of Sir Charles Napier's views might indeed be inferred from the concluding expressions of the fifth paragraph of his letter to j^our address above refeiTcd to, in which, after stating that his operations had, up to the time to which he alludes, been restricted to the defence of our own fi'ontier, he adds, " not having permission to " protect the Kyheerees I could do no more without the certainty of their (the " Kyheerees) being attacked, destroyed, or driven out of Cutchee fugitive into " Scinde ; " a state of things which the Commissioner cannot but interpret as in- dicative of the absence of any recognition on the part of Sir C. Napier, of the ex- istence of an obligation to protect the Kyheerees under any other cu'cumstances than such as might recommend that measure on the grounds of general policy, and which would not involve an interference between them and the legitimate regiments of their Sovereign, the Khan of Kelat. 6. — It is possible that Major Jacob does not on the present occasion contem- plate any hostile intervention ; on the contrary, he would rather seem to hope that the result of his measures would be to obviate the occurrence of hostilities, and to bring matters to a settlement, which should be satisfactoiy to all parties ; and the Commissioner, although uninformed of the precise nature of those SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 133 measures is, as I have already been instructed to observe, willing to believe that 26tii January, i848. if such a result could be eftbcted by any influence, it would be through that of Major Jacob, at the same time it is possible that those measures might fail, and thus impose on us a necessity to resort to hostilities at the last, or even if suc- cessful for the present, might involve us in obligations which would eventually lead to the like result, eitlier of which consequences should, in the Commissioner's opinion, be avoided ; and as he further conceives that British interference should never be exercised, but with the determination to see it, in any event, fully carried out to its ultimate consequences, he is therefore led to the conclusion, that it should be withheld when those consequences arc such as it would not be expedient to incur. 7. — Notwithstanding the sentiments of the Commissioner being to the effect above stated, he would yet be desirous to defer coming to a decision on the subject until a reference could be made to Major Jacob to ascertain whether he has any documents to refer to in support of his opinion as to our bemg under a positive pledge to protect the Kyheei'ces, were it not that an agent from the Khan of Kelat has already an-ived here, and is urgent in his claim for the interdiction of any interference on the j)art of Major Jacob between his master the Khan and liis subjects of the Kyheerce tribe, or for our aid in troops and in money, in the event of such interference, towards enforcing the Khan's authority over his other rebel subjects of the Mun'ee tribe ; one or other of such claims there would be no reasonable gi'ounds for rejecting, in the ab,sence of any positive stipulation on which such rejection could be based ; and as the inferential evidence, as above stated, against the existence of any such stipulation is,, in the Commissioner's opinion, too strong to wan'ant, under existing circumstances, the withholding a reply to the Khan's agent, pending a fuiiher reference to Major Jacob, has come to the decision to inform the agent at once that his master is at liberty to take his own measures for dealing with his own subjects, and must rely on his own resources for canying them out, for the British Government will not interfere between them in any case in which its own faith, or the integrity of its own frontier, is not involved. 8. — In conclusion, I am desired to state that the Commissioner has thought it necessary to enter thus at length into the reasons which have actuated him in coming to this decision, in order to avoid the possibility of any impression that he has given less consideration than is due to them, to suggestions proceeding from the officer commanding the troops in this province, at the instance of an officer of so much local experience as Major Jacob. I have the honor, &c., To Major Green, C.B., (Signed) G. J. BROWN, Assistant Adjutant-General. Secretai'y Scinde Government. Sir, , 27th January, 1848. In continuation of my letter, No, 39, of the 16th instant, I am directed by the Colonel commanding the division to transmit for the information of the Commissioner in Scinde, copies of letters fi'om Major Jacob, Nos. 13 and 16, dated respectively the 11th and 1 3th instant; the original letter from Naib Mahomed Ameen, mentioned in Major Jacob's second communication, is also herewith forwarded. 2. — Colonel Dundas again begs that you will be pleased to urge upon the attention of the Commissioner the positive necessity which exists for some immediate arrangement being made, whereby the Kyheerecs may be saved from the unhappy consecjuences which will sooner or later to a certainty overtake them, should they he obliged by the Minister of the Khan of Kelat to make war upon the MuiTces. 3. — Major Jacob in his letter. No. 13, of the 16th instant, most positively declares that this order, on the part, of the Naib, is in direct opposition to the arrangements made by the Government of Scinde with that of Kelat, and as this arrangement was made by Major Jacob himself, under instructions which he re- ceived from Sir Charles Napier, there can be no doubt on the subject ; should, therefore, the Kyheerecs be obliged to obey the orders of Mahomed Ameen, Colonel Dundas directs me to say that they will naturally look upon the an-ange- ment made by the British Government as broken, and accuse us of want of faith. k2 134 RECORDS OF THE 27th January, 1848. In conclusion, 1 am ordered to add, that Colonel Dundas is decidedly of opinion that unless immediate steps are taken, bloodshed and confusion will soon again take the place of the peace and order which reigned upon the frontier, and far beyond it, when he had the satisfaction of personally seeing the admirable an-angements made by Major Jacob. He, therefore, again reiterates the applica- tion he made in his letter of the 16th instant, formerly referred to, and that authority may be given to Major Jacob to enter into treaty with the several par- ties to keep the peace, and which he feels confident, if he had authority, he should be able successfully to accompUsh, and thus maintain undisturbed the tranquillity that has lately prevailed. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, To Captain Brown, Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. Secretary to Government. 28th January, 1848. gjjj In reply to your letter. No. 77, dated 27th instant, I have the honor, by direction, to refer you to mine of the 26th inst., as conveying the Commissioner's sentiments on the question, and which had doubtless not been received at the time your communication was wi'itten. I am at the same time directed to point out, for the information of Colonel Dundas, that Major Jacob appears to have misunderstood the purport of Mahomed Hussan's letter to the Kyheerees, a translation of which, made by the Persian interpreter to Government, is annexed ; and from this it will be perceived that the requisition of the Khan's Wuzzeer was not to the effect that the Kyheerees should assist him in making war upon the Murrees, as supposed by Major Jacob, but that they should not assist the Murrees in opposing the measures which he might find it necessaiy to take against them. I have the honor, &c.. To Assistant Adjutant- General (Signed) G. J. BROWN, in Scinde. Secretary to Government of Scinde. From Mahomed Hussan, to Ittobah Khan, Kyheeree. I have learnt that some Budozies, being guided by a Boogtee, have attacked the MuiTces and can'ied off some property, and that you have interfered with the Budozies, saying that it is by order of the British. My fi'iend, the whole of Beloochistan is under the rule of the British, and none dare act contraxy to their orders. His Highness the Khan, I, and all Beloochees, are obedient to those orders, but His Excellency the Governor and the officer at Shikarpoor have permitted us to retaliate on the Mm-rees. The Brahooees are waging war on them, you are inhabitants of their country, it is possible that you may be more inclined towards the Murrees than towards the Brahooees ; you are therefore requested not to act against the Brahooees, who are avenging themselves by order of the British. Seal of MAHOMED HUSSAN. (True translation.) (Signed) F. HARDINGE, Captain, Persian Interpreter. (True copies.) (Signed) G. BROWN, Secretarv to Scinde Government. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 135 No. 80. 27th January, 1848. Assistant Adjutant-General's Office, Camp, Kuri'achee, 27th January, 1848. To Major Jacob, commanding Scinde Horse, Khanghur. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter (without No.) of the 15th instant, and in reply heg to inform you, that on the 9th instant Colonel the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B , in reporting to His Excellency the Commander- in-Chief certain mattei-s connected with the late inspection of the regiments under your command, took the opportunity of bringing to the notice of Sir Willough])y Cotton, G.C.B., K.C.H., the fact of the distinction of the Companionship of the Bath not having yet been conferred upon you, though promised by His Grace the Duke of Wellington, in the extract from G. O. G. G., which accompanied your comnumication now under acknowledgment. 1 shall feel very happy in communicating to you the result of Colonel Dundas' application when received here. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) E. GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant- General. My dear Jacob, 7,1, F.h™ary, 18.18. The Connnander-in-Chief has submitted all the correspondence I sent him about the withdrawal of political authority fi'om you, to the Governor in Council, so I hope we shall have the question properly settled. I cannot get the Commissioner to move at all in preventing the employment of the Kyiieerecs against the Murrees ; he appears entirely for non-interference in anything beyond our immediate frontier, and as he says he can find nothing official pledging us in any way to interfere between the Khan of Kelat and his subjects, he is averse to doing anything to prevent their employment against the IMurrces, or anybody else the Khan of Kelat may think proper to employ them against out of our territories. However, if the Murrees come looting in the plain they must be served like the Boogtees, there will be nothing else for it ; they cannot be permitted to disturb the Kyheerees, whom we have re-established on their ancient possessions, with a promise of maintaining them there on their keeping the peace. The Conunander- in-Chief has also forwarded the recommendations I made for increase of pay, &c., to your regiments, but he has withheld the one recommending the abolition of the standards, as he says, having been presented by Lord Ellenborough, they are no doubt regarded with the highest pride ; and he would not submit my recom- mendation in regard to them, which was to do away witli tliem in some liighlv eomplinu'ntai'y order, declaratory of the Scinde Horse being put on a footing in this respect with the regiments in Her Majesty's service which do not carry standar(ls, but wear badges on their appointments, and to change the name from Scinde Irregular to "Light Horse." You will see by the papers that General Auchmuty is appointed to the Staff in this Presidency, and they say is to connnand in Scinde. This will still leave a vacancy in the Poona division. 1 have now a favor to ask of you, which is, that you will do me the honor to accept for yourself and your officers a silver jug, with twelve goblets, for " nuill" or " mug," whichever you prefer, and which 1 have sent to Cutch to have manufactured, as a present Irom me, in remcmbiance of the agreeable toiu' 1 made under your auspices, and the extensive hospitality you extended to me during that period. I shall not probably ever be in that part of tlie coimtry again, and when you first quaff a mug from the jug you may think of Christmas- day, 1847, \\\uvU was no where better spent than at Shahpoor and in a tent. Believe nie, Yours very tinl\ . (Signed) ■ 11 DUNDAS. K .i 136 RECORDS OF THE 7th February, 1848. EXTRACT froin a Letter from the Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay, No. 572. Dated 7th February, 1848, to the address of the Com- missioner in Scinde : — Par. 13. — "His Honor in Council is moreover of opinion that it is most " desirable that Major Jacob should be entirely trusted with the protection of the " frontier, and that our relations with the plundering tribes which infest it should "be confided to his superintendence, and is therefore pleased to appoint him " Political Superintendent, as well as Commandant on the Scinde frontier ; his " political correspondence and proceedings being conducted in the Civil Depart- ' ' ment in the same manner as those of other officers whose duties are partly civil " and partly military." Par. 14. — " In restoring Major Jacob to the exercise of his former authority, " His Honor in Council requests that you will be so good as to direct him to lose " no time in endeavouring, in communication with the Khan of Kelat, to come "to a satisfactory and cordial understanding with that Chief on the subject of the " Kyheeree tribe; such understanding should be founded partly on the alleged " agreement entered into by the Khan, that he would hereatter consider the " Kyheerees to be, to a certain degree, British subjects, and partly on the consider- " ation due to the feelings of that Chief, arising fi"om his having formerly regarded " the tribe as his subjects." (True Extract.) (Signed) G. BROWN, Secretary to the Government of Scinde. 8th February, 1848. 5IR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your No. 61, of the 6th February, 1848, to my address, with accompaniments from the Assistant Ad- jutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. In reply to the question therein contained, I beg leave to state that I never intended to express anything regarding our being under a positive pledge to pro- tect the Kyheerees, as a matter of opinion, but as a matter of fact ; I myself having been the agent employed by His Excellency Sir C. Napier, G.C.B., Governor of Scinde, to manage the settlement of the Kyheerees in Cutchee, and to arrange the terms with the Khan of Kelat, after I had endeavoured (by order of His Excellency the Governor of Scinde ) and had failed to induce Wullee Mahomed and the Chandia tribe to occupy the lands in question. All this was done, as stated in my former letter, with the full consent and approbation of His Highness the Khan of Kelat and of His Excellency the Governor of Scinde ; all documents I have regarding the subject are now at Khanghur, and shall be for- warded on mj' return to that place. I beg leave to remark that from the expression contained in the latter part of the extract forwarded to me for reply, it appears to me that a very clear and simple aftair has been considerably mystified by the agent of His Highness the Khan of Kelat therein alluded to. The Murrees are referred to (after mention of the Kyheerees) " as the other rebel subjects of the Khan," whence it would seem that the Kyheei-ees are one set of rebels against His Highness, and the Murrees another ; yet the Kyheerees have certainly never rebelled at all, and the Murrees on all former occasions (when Major Brown was in Kahun, &c. &c.), as well as in 184r), were treated with by the British Government as a wholly inde- pendent tribe, without any reference whatever to the Government of Kelat ; and on the later occasion, in 1845, I myself was directed to ofter, in the name of the British Government, to make over to the Murrees the town of Dcyra and all the lands of the Boogtees, without any reference whatever to the Kelat Government ; I did make the ofi'er accordingly. It would doubtless greatly simplify affairs on this frontier (for a short time at least) wei'c we to withdraw entirely from Cutchee, and decline all interference with affairs in the Kelat territory, but this could now be done only by a breach of faith on our part towards the wretched Kyheerees, who certainly neither would nor could, for some years, remain at Poolijee, &c., except under our pro- tection ; and, moreover, the effect of such a proceeding on our part would SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 137 assuredly be, after a while, that all that part of the country now inhabited by the 8th Febniarv, is48. friendly and peaceful Kyheerees would be, as formerly, tilled with lawless and piedatory tribes, owing to whose incursions no peace nor safety would exist on the British border. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Frontier. Sir, 16th February, 1«4H. With reference to the con-espondence noted in the margin, the purport of No. 39, (iat«i uith which has doubtless been communicated to you by the Colonel commanding the th"'\"^tant'A!ijutam- division, but of which, to prevent delay in case it should not, a copy is herewith ("iKraiinScinde. No. transmitted : 1 am directed by the Connnissioner in Scinde to forward the ac- Irv, in"mliv ''no*77 companying extract, paragraphs No. 13 and 14 of a letter, No. 572, dated the ''a'«s.^. ^^d the an-angements carried out as mentioned in my letter. No. 53, of 1848, to ^i_J~^ ^ Colonel Shaw, Commanding in Upper Scinde — which has, I am informed, been ^^■<^-'^ '^ — laid before the Government of ScindeT^those arrangements, and to make them ^ of useful eflect that the 100 Belooch horsemen, the entertainment of whom [* As in original.] formcd onc of the most important of those arrangements, should be granted.* All the other arrangements regarding posts, lines, wells, roads, &c., I am already caiTying into effect with all possible dispatch, according to orders received from the Government of Scinde and from the Brigadier commanding. But these aiTangements will be comparatively useless, and my utmost efforts of httle avail, in presei-ving peace on the frontier, and retaining the confidence of the people, if I be not allowed the use of the guides, whose establishment some- times enables me to employ to advantage, and to withdraw from evil courses, the most restless spirits and most determined freebooters in the country, and who con- stitute, in regard to our disorderly neighbours, my feelers, my eyes, and my ears. I have the honor, &c.. To Captain Brown, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Secretaiy to Commissioner of Scinde, Commanding Frontier. Kurrachee. In the year 1844, a great number of poor people, peasantiy residing in the villages on the frontier, British subjects, and those of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, were unfortunately killed and wounded by the 6th Regiment Bengal Irre- gular Cavalry, then stationed at Khanghur, on the frontier of Upper Scinde, who mistook them for enemies. In the year 1847, some of the surviving sufferers complained to Major Jacob, who took theu- depositions (made on oath before him as magistrate) , and brought the matter to the notice of Government, with a view to the grant of pensions to the poor people who had been wounded. In May, 1848, the reply of Government was received, and the pensions appHed for were gianted. The following papers shew the details of this business : — 16th September, 1847. No. 166 of 1847, Dated 16th September, 1847. Sir, I have the honor to forward the accompanying petitions from Meerul and Yan-oo, two Kosah suwars in British pay, begging for some compensation from Government for a number of relations of theu's, who were disabled by wounds SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 163 received from British troops, who mistook them for robbers. I also beg leave to leth September, 1 84 7. foiTvard herewith the statement of some of the parties concerned, as to what happened on that occasion. I beg leave to observe, that I was very unwilling to have anything to say to this business ; but as it a{)pears to me that these people have a right to petition Government on the subject in question, I did not feel justified in refusing to receive their statement with r-egard to the matter, more especially, as unless something be done for them before the departure of His Excellency, our Governor, it is not likely that any provision will be made for them, or their claims at- tended to hereafter. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. STATEMENT of certain Kosah Husbandmen, claiming some compensation from nth September, 1847. Government for injuries received fi-om men of the 6th Regiment Bengal IiTCgular Cavahy, when stationed at Khanghiu- ; made on oath at the request of the Deponents at Khanghur, on the 13th September, 1847, before Major Jacob, Magistrate in Scinde : — Meerul Kosah, being duly sworn, states that about three years ago Captain Mackenzie, then commanding the Russala (6tli regiment) at Khanghur, sent for him, and ordered him to go out and get information about lootoos. Witness went out and found a number of Doomkee and Jekranee robbers at Doodaika ; ! this he immediately reported to Captain Mackenzie, who rode forth with liis regi- \ ment, witness and Yarroo Kosah accompanying him as guides. Witness found ; the lootoos on the Jamree and Bumbool Nullahs, and pointed them out to Captain • Mackenzie. Abdoola Khan Kyheeree, with thirty Kosah fiiends and relations \ of witness, inhabitants of the villages of Goonia, &c., at this time had come near where the lootoos were collected for the purpose of recovering their cattle which had been earned off by the robbers, and were firing at them ; when Captain Mackenzie and the Sircar's horsemen approached, the robbers ran away. They, the robbers, were in number about 500, all mounted Jekranees, Doomkees, and Boogtees. Abdoola Khan Kyheeree left the Kosahs and went with Captain Mackenzie, who proceeded in pursuit of the robbers. Shortly aftei-wards Captain Mackenzie's rear guard, consisting of forty or fifty suwars, came up, and charged the thirty Kosahs and thirty-one Jutts, sixty-one in all, who had come out to recover their cattle ; the Kosahs, &c., called out that they were the Sh'car's poor rj'ots, on which the suwars ordered them to throw away their arms, which they did ; when eveiy weapon had been thrown away the suwars ordered the men to sit down ; they were then ordered by the suwars to lie down, which was also complied with, when the suwars began killing them all with swords, spears, and guns ; when all were supposed to be dead the suwars came among the bodies and asked if any one was alive, and called on them, if so, to speak, and they should be saved and taken care of; two or three men, hearing this, raised them- selves up, but immediately had their throats cut by the suwars. Thu*ty-one men were killed outright ; but thirty, who were all dreadfully wounded, lay still, were supposed to be dead, and are now alive, although crippled for life. Witness did not see all this himself, having been on in advance with Captain Mackenzie. Twenty of the wounded men are relations of witness, living in his village ; twelve of them are now present outside. While this was going on all the lootoos had fled out of sight ; but Captain Mackenzie fell in with a body of about 150 Boordees and others, subjects of Meer Ali Morad, who, on hearing the alarm of lootoos, had come out from Goolamee and other neighbouring villages, to assist in repelling the robbers ; on seeing the Sircar's troops were out, and the robbers gone, these Boordees, &c., were returning towards their homes ; they had reached the village of Goolamee and had gone into their houses and huts, when Captain Mackenzie came up and ordered the suwars to kill them ; the suwars fell on them in their huts and killed sixty-four men and wounded others. The suwars then carried off all the property they could find, and departed. Witness was present, and saw all that happened, with the party which Captain Mackenzie commanded in person. When the killing of the Boordees M 1 164 RECORDS OF THE 13th September, 1847. was finished, some Kyheerees came up from the rear and told witness that the suwars had been kiUing his, witness's brethren, the Kosahs. Witness described what had been told him to Captain Mackenzie, who ordered him not to speak that way — that the men who were killed were lootoos. Witness replied, that not one lootoo had been killed, that they had fled long before, and that Captain Mackenzie and his men had been killing none but honest men, the Sircar's ryots. Witness then went back to the place where the Kosahs and Jutts had been killed, and removed the wounded men, who were still alive, to their homes, afterwards buiying the dead. Witness withdraws. Lall Bux - Bang Ali Neehall - Jummiall Mullicdad Summana Syad Khan Beyda - Moreed - Jarroo - Mussoo - Hp'oo Khan - Has four severe sword cuts on his hand and body, r Wounded in eighteen places ; quite disabled and crippled for life ; " |_ lost the use of one arm and one leg — both nearly cut off. Has nine severe wounds with sword and spear. Wounded in three places. \ do do. do. do. do. do. do. SIX eight four two do. do. do do. do. do. do. do. do. do. These men are all Kosahs, inhabitants of Meen.il ke Gote, near Meeipoor, and are British subjects. Has eleven bad wounds ; some still open and very painful. The men whose names are given above are those stated by Meerul Kosah to be waiting outside ; they were examined each separately, on oath, by INIajor Jacob, at ' Khanghur, on the 13th September, 1847. All then- depositions w'cre alike and agi'ee with the statement of Meerul Kosah ; they state that they belonged to the party of Kosahs and Jutts wdio were cut up by the rear guard of the 6th Irregular Cavalry, and each man's narrative, given separatelj^ on oath, exactly agrees in substance with the statement made by Meerul Kosah given above. The men ai-e wounded as mentioned opposite then" respective names, and are all more or less crippled, some of them dreadfully so. Deposed on oath, before me at Khanghur, on the 13th Sejitember, 1847. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Magistrate. 27th September, 1847. No. 2,158 of 1847. From the Secretai-y Scinde Government, to the Officer commanding in Upper Scinde. Sir, I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 463, of the 18th instant, and enclosures, and in reply to inform you that His Excellency the Governor would wash you, after seeing the parties you refer to, to report what amount of subsistence or compensation, with reference to the nature of the injuries received by them, you consider should be granted to them by Government. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) G. BROWN, Secretary to Scinde Government. 3rd May, 1848. No. 1,164 of 1848. Sir, I have the honor, by du-ection of the Commissioner, to transmit copy of a . despatch from the Chief Secretary to Government, Bombay, No. 1,661, dated 24th ultimo, relative to the claim preferred on behalf of certain subjects of the British Government, who were wounded by a detachment of British troops, in the year 1844, under the WTong impression that they w'ere enemies, and to request you will state what the scale laid down for Irregular Cavalry is, and whetiier that or the one recommended by you for these parties is the more liberal. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) G. BROWN, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Secretaiy to Scinde Government. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 165 No. 1,601 of 184«. 24th April, 1848. Sir, With reference to your letter dated the 17th Januaiy last, No. 109, relative to the grant of compensation to certain Kosahs, stated to have been disabled by wounds received in 1844, in an engagement with British troops, who mistook them for enemies, I am directed by the Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit for your information and guidance copy of my letter to the address of the Secretaiy to the Government of India, dated 17th ultimo, No. 51, together with that officer's reply, dated the 7th instant. No. 871, on the subject. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) A. MALET, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Chief Secretary. No. 51 of 1848. 17th March, 1848. Sir, I am directed by the Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit to you, for submission to the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India in Council, copy of a letter from the Commissioner in Scinde, dated the 30th October last, No. 3,241, relative to a claim for compensation prefen-ed on behalf of certain parties stated to have been disabled by wounds received in the year 1844, in an engagement with British troops, who mistook them for enemies. 2. — It having been considered that Major Jacob, commanding the Scinde In-egular Horse, would, from his position and knowledge of the circumstances of this unfortunate case, be the party most competent to advise Government as to the nature and amount of compensations which it mignt be proper to afford to these claimants, the Commissioner in Scinde was requested to call upon that officer for his opinion on the question, and a copy of the statement submitted by Major Jacob, with reference to the above call, is herewith fonvarded. 3. — In soliciting the instructions of His Lordship in Council on this applica- tion, I am directed to state that the grant of pensions to these Kosahs, according to the scale laid down for Irregular Cavahy, will, in the opinion of the Governor in Council, be sufficient. To H. M. Elliot, Esq., I have the honor, &c., Secretaiy to the Government of India, (Signed) A. MALET, Fort WilUam. Chief Secretarv. No. 871 of 1848. 7tb .4pril, 1848. Sir, I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 17th ultimo. No. 51, relative to a claim for compensation preferred on behalf of certain subjects of the British Government, and of Ah Morad, w^ho were wounded by a detachment of British troops in the year 1844, under the wrong impression that they w-ere enemies, and wath reference to the enquuy as to the scale of pensions to be granted to these men, I have the honor to inform you, that of two scales proposed, namely. Major Jacob's and the scale laid down for IiTCgular Cavalry, the Governor in Council sanctions the adoption of the most liberal. I have the honor, &c. To the Chief Secretary (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, to the Government of Bombay. Secretary to the Government of India. (True copy.) (Signed) E. BROWN, Secretaiy to the Government of Scinde. (True copy.) (Signed) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. No. 121 of 1848. lOth May. 1848. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 1,164, of the 3rd May, 1848, to my addi'css with accompaniments. In reply, I have the honor to state that I am not aware of any scale of pension estabUshed for men of 1^6 RECORDS OF THE loth May, 1848. the IiTBis^ular Cavaliy under the circumstances. In the regulations of the Bombay army there is no scale of pensions laid down for men of the IiTegular Cavalry, with the exception of those who belonged to " Colonel Skinner's original Hin- dustanee Russala." For these, the pension allowed is 7 rupees a month for a pi'ivate sillidar, and 5 for a bhargheer. Pensions for wounds hitherto granted to men of the IiTegular Cavahy of the Bombay army have been, I believe, always gi'anted as special cases. I am, there- fore, quite unable to say whether the scale of pensions recommended by me for the wounded Kosahs be more liberal than that laid down for Irregular Cavalry. From the allusion to pensions to In-egular Cavahy, it appears to me that possibly Government may have supposed that the Kosahs cut up by the 6th IiTegulars, now petitioning for pensions, were horsemen of some kind in British employ ; but if this impression exists, it is erroneous ; the men were the common peasantiy of the country, and the rates of pension recommended by me were pro- portioned to the degree in which the injuries received by each individual appeared to prevent him fi-om earning his bread by daily labor, and to the price of the necessaries of life in the countiy. I have the honor, &c., To Captain Brown, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Seci'etary to Government of Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 28th March, 1849. No. 1,350 of 1849. Sir, I am dii'ccted to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 31st January last, No. 253, and to inform you that under the authority of the Government of India, the Right Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to grant to Bejda Khan Kyheeree a life pension of 4 rupees per mensem, in con- sideration of the wounds received by him in 1844 fi-om a detachment of British troops, under a wi'ong impression. 2. — ^The payment of the pension in question is to commence fi-om the same date as the pensions granted to the Kosahs under the same ch-cumstances, as recommended by Major Jacob. I have the honor, &c., To the Commissioner in Scinde. (Signed) W. COURTNEY, Acting Secretary to Government. 25th August, 1848. No. 1 ,344 of 1848. Sir, I do myself the honor to enclose herewith a letter fi-om the Secretaiy to the Commssioner, regarding an allowance to certain wounded Kosahs, as recommended by yourself. 2. — I should feel greatly obliged, as you are acquainted with the parties, if you would be kind enough to ascertain if all those mentioned in the original list are alive ; and by your causing them to assemble at Khanghur in order that they may be identified by the Kardar, who has been du-ected to attend on you whenever you should require him to do so. 3. — After these men have been once identified it will be necessary for them to' proceed, on the 5th of each month, to the Kardar, who has instructions to disburse to them on that date their allowance for the preceding month. 4. — Be good enough to return the enclosures now foi-warded. 5. — The allowances of these pensioners will commence fi-om the 1st instant. I have the honor, &c.. To Major Jacob, (Signed) P. GOLDNEY, Major, In political charge of the Frontier. Collector and Magistrate. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. !&? No. 808 of 1849. nth April, is^o. Sir, With advertence to your letter, No. 29, of the 28th January last, recom- mending the gi-ant of a pension to Beyla Khan Kyheci'ce, in consideration of the wounds received by him in 1844, fi-om a detachment of British troops, under a wTong imj)rcs.sion, I have the honor to transmit for your information copy of a letter. No. 1,350, of 28th March, 1849, from Mr. Acting Secretary Courtney, containing the sanction of Government to a life pension of 4 rupees per mensem, to the party in question, to commence from the same date as the pensions granted to the Kosahs under the same circumstances. You will be good enough to communicate to Beyla Khan the decision of Government in his favor. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commissioner in Scinde. No. 950 of 1849. 24th Apnl, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to inform you, that as recommended in your letter, No. 102, of the 17th instant, the Collector of Shikarpoor has been directed to disburse the monthly amount of pension payable to Beyla Khan Kyheeree, from his treasury, and to fonvard the same regularly to you for transmission to the grantee. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commissioner in Scinde. M 3 168 V5 o o 3 3 o o RECORDS OF THE ft) c W d5' CO rr re o £; ?r W p p p p , c t> o re < re ?= ^ P- o HOOO'^'^HO — " ^ ^ O re OOOOOOOO OOOOOOOO o o SI 3 5' B cr? 05 B o e s; 8-. o o e£2. o' 1^ CO 1^ B a- <5. c •a 3 o B (^ »- 3= i-C( htj hi h^ hj hS hd re re re n re re re 3 3 B 3 B w w £2. m t£_ £2. w Q- &- o* o* o o' n- o' o' C' £1- O^ CL Oa a^ B' e- o" O O c 3 C O B O o o o o o O o o o o o O B -^ -»J -^ ■-^ -r> -n ^ ^ .u "M •£>. ^1 *^ H ^ ^ -t "t 5^ c c c c c 3 re •a -a -a -TJ >« •13 » a. n. S S re re 03 c- re re re re a- O. CI- o- o- Cu a- ^ ^ o ■s per moi s per mo: re o 3 O o VI ■3 re g o -a re 3 o o O o o o o o O £^ 03 !l.C-S'3'3"3'C-3'3"C-CjQjaj o o o o o o a, a- &< O' o o c o ? si S S a o • a. o » B- Cfl 4 o c B C^ re P' a* V5 3 Vi n » o 7f s (T B «< P ^ a P^ » B" cr 3 (It! S ■-1 s? O a> P- B- «-»- re o W re 2. s P- g5 q3 Ul o cr •-4 Q t. o < P" p 3 o c p^ p B &< rt- P- re O t« o ST" 3 •3 re CR B B" U3 S O to B w 00 CO SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 169 No. 108 of 1850. 28tli January, 1850. Sir, I have the honor to request that you will state, for the information of Government, fi'om what date the pensions to the Kyheeree and Kosah husband- men, who were cut up by the 6th Regiment Bengal Irregular Cavaby, near Khanghur, in 1844, have been paid; whether fi-om the date of their receiving their wounds or from the date of the Government sanction to the payment. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, ( ommanding Frontier. Commissioner in Scinde. No. 21 of 1850. 2nd February, 1850. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 108, of the 28th Januaiy, 1850, to my address, and in reply to state that the payment of the pensions to the men in question commenced from the 1st August, 1848, after the receipt of the orders of Government on the subject by the Collector of Shi- karpoor. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. COPY. ISfli March, 18:)0. No. 1,242 of 1850. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. ! From A. Malet, Esq., Chief Secretaiy to the Government of Bombay, to R. K. Pringle, Esq., Commissioner in Scinde. Dated 15th March, 1850. Sir, In acknowledging the receipt of your letter, No. 267, dated the 1 1th ultimo, I am directed to inform you that the Right Honorable the Governor in Council authorizes payment of the pensions of the Kosah sufferers therein alluded to, from the 24th March, 1844, the date on which they became due. I have the honor, &c., Bombay Castle, 15th March, 1850. (Signed) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. (Ti-ue copy.) (Signed) JNO. INVERANTY, Assistant Commissioner. No. 568 of 1850. 21st March, 1850. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Forwarded for the information and guidance of the Political Superintendent on the Frontier, Upper Scinde, with refei-ence to his letter, No. 21, dated 2nd ultimo. (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Kurrachee, 21st March, 1850. Commissioner. No. 230 of 1850. 2ncl AprU, 1850. Sir, With reference to your letter. No. 48, of 1850, I do myself the honor to inform you that the arrears due to the Kosah pensioners have been paid up this day in my presence. 2. — The amount due to Bey la Kyheeree is still with me, he not having made his appearance ; may I request the favor of your causing his attendance. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) FARRINGTON, Lieutenant, Commanding Frontier. Officiating Collector in Upper Scinde. M 4 17U RECORDS OF THE uthJun... 1H50. No. 1,038 of l850. Sir, With reference to your letter, No. 88, dated the 7th instant, with accompa- niments on the subject of a petition from certain persons who had been cut up by mistake by our troops, I have the honor to request you will have the goodness to inform me whether this was on the same occasion as gave rise to the claim of those persons for whom pensions were sanctioned in Mr. Chief Secretary Malet's letter, No. 2,575, dated 22nd June, 1848, and if so, that you will favor me with your opinion as to the amount of compensation which should be assigned to the present claimants. It would also be desirable, to prevent a repetition of applications of this nature, that enquiries should be instituted as to the whole number of suiFerers on the occasion referred to, in order that any cases which may still remain may receive consideration at the same time as these. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commissioner in Scinde. i 7th June, 1850. Shcmia, wife of Seeram Boordee, formerly living near Goolamee, in the British territoiy. Nummurdee, wife of Sungur Boordee, formerly living near Goolamee, in the British ten-itory. Domba - - - Suddoora - - Mehrab - - - T^ , )■ Living on the Pukka Nullah, near Goolamee. Kahooree - - i '^ Saheedad - Navaub - - - Janee - - . / The persons above mentioned appeared before Major Jacob, Political Super- intendent and Commandant on the frontier of Upper Scinde, at Khanghur, on the 7th June, 1850, and being examined, state that about six years ago, when Captain Mackenzie was at Khanghur with his Ressala (the 6th Bengal In-egular Cavalry), a large party of mounted robbers came and can-ied off much cattle fi'om the neighbourhood of Pukka, Goolamee, &c. The villagers took arms and pursued, to endeavour to recover theu- property ; they (about twenty-eight in all, twenty-six men and two women) had proceeded accordingly about two coss from Goolamee, when Captain Mackenzie's horsemen, who were out in pursuit of the robbers, came up to them, and called out to them to throw down their arms, which they immediately did ; the horsemen then fell on them, killed fifteen of the men and severely wounded the eight men and two women now present ; three men of the party not now present ran away and escaped unhurt. The women had accompanied the party to carry water for the men ; all the persons above mentioned agi-ee in this statement. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Political Superintendent and Commandant on the Frontier, Upper Scinde. 2.ith Jiini', 1850. No. 96 of 1850. Sir, In compliance with the instructions contained in your letter, No. 1,038, of the 14th June, 1850, to my address, I have the honor to report, that I caused it to be notified through the district of Mobaruckpoor, &c., that all persons having claims on the British Government for compensation for wounds received from our troops on the occasion referred to in August, 1844, should appear before me to prefer their petitions. The persons mentioned in the accompanying list came accordingly, and these comprise, as far as I can learn, the whole of the remaining sufferers on the occasion in question. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 171 The statement of all these persons agree as to the circumstances, time, and 25tb June, isso. manner in which their wounds were received ; and these statements are exactly similar to those formerly made by the Kosahs and others now enjoying pensions from Government, wherefore it is, I presume, unnecessary to repeat them here. With regard to the amount of pensions to be granted to these poor people, I should recommend that they receive a monthly allowance, as specified opposite each man's name in the accompanying roll. 1 have the honor, &c., (Signed) J. JACOB, Major, Political Superintendent and Commandant on the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 172 RECORDS OF THE 25th June, 1850. LIST of Persons who appeared before Major Jacob, Political Superintendent and Commandant on the Frontier of Upper Scinde, at Khanghur, on the 2rght Field Battery (Captain Turnbull ) Colonel Nash, C.B., 72nd Native Infantry, and on the extreme bquadron bcmde Horse (Lieutenant Merewether.) • i ,. /i V -^ i i- .^- ^i 1 r i i ^ \ 1st Company Sappers (Lieutenant Kendall.) "S'^* (*» ''each its destmation three quarters of an hour later) Lieutenants MaunseU and Pollard, Bengal Engineers, conducting the ^^^ ^ detachment under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel column. Young, Her ^Majesty's 10th Foot. L(!fl Centre Column. The latter was under any circumstances to make a real attack' Brigadier Capon commanding. upon the enemy's position, as stated in my letter of yesterday, , 5 Companies Her Majesty's 60th Rifles (Major Dennis.) and in the margin I have specified separately the troops em- 3rd Regiment Bombay NaHve Infantry (Major Hallett.) ployed under the gallant leaders above named, to whom, as well. No. 5 Light Field Battery (Captain Bailey.) ^^^ ^^ ^j^^ ^ respectively under their command, who so steadily , bquadron 1st Bombay Lancers (Captain Curtis.) rr- , i .^ -f \ ^ . i , ., x /■ i i • i , . , '' ' 1st Company Sappers (Lieutenant Walker.) effected the duty assigned to them, I feel much indebted. Captain Abercrombie, Bengal Engineers, conducting the column. It was intended that a portion of the irregular force under Rig/it Centre Column. Major Edwardes, C.B., and Lieutenant Lake, should make a Lieutenant-Colonel Nash, C.B., 72nd Native Infantry, commanding, demonstration to the west of the town and grand canal at noon. 3 Companies Her Majesty's 32nd (Major Case commanding.) A little delay, however, ensued, but without detriment to the 6 Companies 72nd Native Infantry (Captain Lloyd commanding.) object in view; and I propose to-morrow availing myself of the 4 guns 4th 73rd Brigade H. A. (Captain Anderson commanding.) services of those officers and their troops, to relieve the details 3 Compames Pioneers (Lieutenant Gordon commanding.) ^f ^j^^ ^^^^^^ ^^-^-^^ -^^ ^^^^^^ ^f {"j^^ Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd, Rig/it Column. which had been \^^th their usual zeal tendered simultaneously, Lieutenant-Colonel Young Her Majesty's 10th Foot, commanding, ^i^h a requisition I had made in a private note to Major Edwardes. 5 Companies Her Majesty s loth toot (Captain Longden commanding.) rri. . i i i ^.i i i i 52Dd Regiment Native Infantry (Captain Jameison commanding.) ^he course to be pursued by the two centre columns came 4guns4thTrooplstBrigadeH.A. (Captain Mackenzie commanding.) more particularly under my observation ; but the gratifying 1 Squadron 1 Ith Irregular Cavalry (Captain Dowson commanding.) result of all was the acquisitions, with but little loss, of the 2nd Company Sappers (Lieutenant Grindall commanding.) yery strong positions designated " Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd;" "Mun- Major Napier and Captain Western, conducting Engineers. ^ipg ^va ;" the suburbs east of it, and to the north-east angle of the citadel; the "Amkhass," "Sawun Mull's Tomb," the "Brick Kilns," \\-ith strong entrenchments; the " Shamstobreeze," or Blue Mosque ; the village, or rather fort of Wuzeerabad, all of which the enemy had evidently determined to defend manfully, but were deterred, when the time came, by previously witnessing the discomfiture of their friends from the triple and earlier attack on the left. I hope to-morrow morning to have an 8-inch mortar battery of 6 pieces playing on the citadel (at 500 or 600 yards' distance), from the north of the Shamstobreeze. (True copy.) (Signed) PAT. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. 28th December, 1848. No. 165. From Major HERBERT B. EDWARDES, C.B., Assistant-Resident, to Major-General WHISH, C.B., Commanding Mooltan Field Force. Camp, Sooruj Koond, 28th December, 1848. Sir, I have the honor to report for your information, that having received your orders to open fire from the "Sheesh Muhul " at 12 o'clock yesterday and retire at half-past one. Lieutenant Lake's force and my own left this camp at 10, a.m., but I regret to say that from the delay of getting the Bullock Artillery over the nullahs, tlie length of the road, and the difficulty of preserving the formation of irregular troops, it was a (juarter to one before we had occupied the line of suburbs in advance of the " Sheesh Muhul " and " Fyz Bagh." Tiie diversion, however, was effectually made at half-past twelve, from which time the guns of the enemy played upon us. At one o'clock we opened our guns upon the " Bohur Gate " and " Shevala." The enemy in no great force came out, but were driven in imme- diately by the guns. At half-past three wc withdrew our guns, at four the Infantry, and tlie Cavalry at half-past four. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 207 2nd. — About I o'clock Lieutenant Lake, whose force reached nearly to the nullah, had got into com- 28tU December 1848. munication with Brigadier Dundas at Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd, and the Brigadier sent word that he should be glad if we could remain on his flank a little longer to prevent the enemy from turning it. We ac- cordingly halted again for half an hour in rear of "Sheesh Muhul," where I wrote a note to Brigadier Dundas, infonning him that as my camp was distant two hours' march, and my men had made no preparations for remaining out all night, it was necessary that I should retire. It was quite dusk when we reached camp again. 3rd. — As the operations of the British troops have, from accidental circumstances, taken a turn more to the southward than was expected, and thus almost of themselves cover the Bhawulpore communi- cation and overlap my camp, I have the honor to solicit your orders to take up any new position, either at the " Ruttee Bairagee," or to the west of the nullah, which in your opinion will enable the irregular force to render you more efficient assistance. 4th. — Both my own and Lieutenant Lake's men are most anxious to share more actively in your operations, and though I am fully aware of the difficulties in the way of irregulars co-operating with regulars, I believe Brigadier Dundas himself would be glad if " Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd " and the posts near it were made over to us, so as to enable him to advance against the city, without any fear of his left flank being turned. I have, &c., (Signed) HERBERT B. EDWARDES, Assistant-Resident. Xo. 166. 29tli December, 1848. From Major HERBERT B. EDWARDES, C.B., Assistant-Resident, to Major-General WHISU, C.B., Commanding Jlooltan Field Force. Camp, Beyghee Bagh, Night, 29th December, 1848. Sir, I have the honor to inform you, that agreeebly to the instructions conveyed in your demi-official note and public letter. No. 8.54, of yesterday's date, the forces of Lieutenant Lake and nivself relieved the Bombay Division of the charge of " Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd," and all the posts on the left of it (including "Beyghee Bagh," the village of Daira, Jog, Mayuh, &c., &c.) at 3, p.m., yesterday evening. ; 2nd. — We remained undisturbed during the night, but were attacked about 1, p.m., to-day by 2,000 f of the enemy, almost all foot, and chiefiy regulars, among whom the Kuthar Mookhee deserters were [ conspicuous. I 3rd. — They issued from the Delhi Gate, filed behuid the suburbs in front of the " Seedee-lall-ke- ' Beyd," and made their appearance suddenly on the left front, pushing boldly on into the gardens, which ' were unoccupied, and opening a heavy musketry fire from behind the walls, a position however from which they were ra]iidly dislodged bj- our Rohillas and other irregulars, aided by two companies of General Cortland's regiments, who expelled them and followed them up to the city walls. 4th. — Lieutenant Lake at the head of his own men, Lieutenant Pollock with mine. Lieutenant Pearse of the Jladras .-Vrtillery, foremost with the Daoodpootras, and Lieutenant Youiig of the Engineers, wherever the presence of a European officer could be useful, were all actively and most gallantly en- gaged in this little affair, as was also Mr. Quin with the Soornj Mookhee Company, and a new volunteer, Mr. McMahon, who earned his title to be brought specially to your notice by encountering in single combat the leader of the enemy's Infantry, a powerful Sikh, whom he killed with one blow, which divided his head. ,5th. — The attack and repulse occupied an hour and a half (P.S. 30th December.) 6th. — At half-past four, p.m., the enemy renewed their attack on the right, and opened a sharp fire on the Daood[)Ootras from a village which in the morning had been occupied by the Bombay Troop, but evacuated during the day without our being aware of it. This might have led to the turning of our right flank, and the left of the Bombay Division, had not Lieutenant Lake brought up the whole of his reserve, and himself cleared the village with considerable difficulty and some loss ; Lieutenant Lake then occupied the village, and passed the night there ; but I have the honor to represent that everything to the east of the " Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd," by the terms of your instructions, falls to the charge of Brigadier Dundas' Division, as everything to the left or west of Seedee-lall falls to ours. I have commmiicated this to the Brigadier, who says he cannot hold the village in question, as he has only two reliefs in camp ; Lieutenant Lake and I have only one, half of our whole force bcmg on duty for 24 hours, and relieved at noon each day from a camp distant three miles. I have, &c., (Signed) HERBERT B. EDWARDES, Assistant-Resident. No. 999 A. 23r(l January, 1849. From the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE ARMY, to the SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDLV, Foreign Department, with the Right Honorable the Governor-General. Dated Camp, Chilianwalla, 23rd January, 1849. Sir, I have the honor, by direction of His Excellency the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, to transmit, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, copy of a despatch. No. 8"(), of the 7th instant, from Major-General W. S. Whish, C.B., commanding the Mooltan Field Force, and of the detailed reports which accompanied it of the assault upon that city on the 2nd instant ; and I am to add that His Excellency has instructed me to communicate to the ^lajor- Gencral his cordial approval of the arrangements ordered for the attack, which appears to have been made with a spirit and gallantry highly creditable to the officers and troops of every arm employed. I have, &c.. Head Quarters, Camp, Chilianwalla, (Signed) P. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, 23rd January, 1849. .\djutant-General of the Army. 208 RECORDS OF THE 7tli January, 1849. No. 876. From Major-General W. S. WHISH, C.B., commanding Mooltan Field Force, to the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE ARMY. Dated, Camp, Mooltan, 7th January, 1849. Sir, Having now received the report of the proceedings of the Bombay column during the assault of the city on the 2nd instant, I have the honor of forwarding that received from Brigadier Markham on the 3rd instant, and associating with it the letter of this date received from Brigadier the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., commanding the Bombay Division of the Field Force, both of which I shall be obhged by your submitting to the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief. The steady advance of both columns under their respective commanders. Brigadier Stalker, C.B., and Brigadier jMarkham (which as regarded that under the latter was but temporarily checked from the necessity of entering the city by the left breach) ensured the early realization of what each had been directed to aim at ; and by sunset the city was in complete possession of our gallant troops, whose conduct throughout was remarkable for humanity to the unarmed inhabitants they occasionally met ; and not less so for the severity with which the opposition of the enemy was overcome, from street to street, many of which were narrow and intricate, and several barricaded. In the letters accompanying, the gallantry and good services of various oiBcers are particularized, and on the fall of the citadel it will be my pleasing duty to take up that strain regarding many. It will, however, be better timed now to mention the spirited proposition, on the 1st instant, of Lieutenant- Colonel Franks, C.B., to escalade the citadel during the assault of the city, provided I placed 500 of each regiment of the 1st brigade under his command. After due consideration of this suggestion, I deemed it most eligible to forego it, as I had not time to examine into the difficulties that might have attended it ; nor would the hour fixed for the assault have been auspicious, unless I had deferred it till dawn of the 3rd. Brigadier Stalker has brought to Brigadier Dundas's notice the conduct of Color-Sergeant John Bennett, 1st FusUiers, on the 2nd instant, and I cannot forbear my testimony to the joyful feelings which it excited in myself and officers of the staff around me, when noticmg his planting the British standard on the crest of the breach, and maintaining it there, in the midst of the rausquetry fire of the enemy, until the troops had passed. The troops of the Bombay column suffered much from an explosion during the night of a magazine in the city. I beg to enclose casualty lists, of which the total of each column is as follows : — Bengal Division. Killed : European Rank and File 3, Native ditto 1 . — Wounded : European Officers 3, Sergeant 1, Rank and File 17, Native Rank and File 6.— Total 31. Bombay Division. Killed : European Rank and File 4, Native ditto 22. — Wounded : European Officers 8, Sergeants 4, Rank and File .")1, Native ditto 2, ditto 5, ditto 121.— Missing : Native 1.— Total 213. Total.— Killed 30; Wounded 218; Missing 1.— Total 218. NAMES of Officers Wounded. Bengal Column. Captain J. D. C. Smyth, Her Majesty's 32nd, shghtly ; and Captain C. T. King, ditto, ditto. Lieutenant Garforth, M. B., Engineers, dangerously. . Bombay Column. Captain R. W. Leith. Lieutenants W. Gray, E. Dansey, G. E. Heme. 2nd Lieutenant E. A. Law, 1st Fusiliers, dangerous. Lieutenant T. S. Warden, 4th Rifles; Ensign J. Gordon, 19th Native Infantry ; Lieutenant J. A. Fuller, Engineers. 1 Srd January, 1849. From Brigadier F. MARKHAM, commanding 2nd Brigade of Infantry, Mooltan Field Force, to Major-General W. S. WHISH, C.B., commanding the Mooltan Field Force. Sir, Dated, Camp, Mooltan, Srd January, 1849. I have the honor to report for your information that, according to division orders at 1 o'clock on the 2nd, I proceeded with the brigade under my command to the Mundee Ava — the point of rendezvous with the left column ; at 2 o'clock we received orders to move to the Delhi Gate, from whence the assault was to be made. At a quarter past 3 o'clock a salvo being fired from the Delhi Gate Battery (the signal agreed upon for the assault), the leading companies of Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment under Captain Smyth, commanding the Grenadier company, moved on to storm the breach ; upon passing the broken ground and ruined outworks of the gate under a heavy fire of matchlocks, they descended a deep hollow, and found to their surprise the city wall in front, about 30 feet in heiglit, unbreached, and totally impracticable, being fairly concealed from view, from the nature of the ground, until directly upon it. -f SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 209 Captain Smyth immediately — and with great judgment and promptitude — decided upon retiring, 3rd January, 1849. and rejoined ti>e column with the loss of several men, which loss, however, would have heen very seriously increased, both to the leading companies and the column, had there been any hesitation on his part. I proceeded at once to the breach at the Khoonee Boorj, which I found had already been entered by the left column, and made our way down the ramparts and streets on our right to the Delhi Gate, and from thence to that part of the city close to the Dowlut Gate, and directly in front of the fort. The enemy offered considerable oi)position in the narrow streets and on the ramparts, which were strongly barricaded ; hut the troops carried all before them, and before dark that ])art of the city was in our j)ossession, and we connected our posts with those thrown out from the left column. To Colonel Brooke, Major Lloyd, and Captain Lloyd, in command of regiments, and to all under ray command, both officers and men, I have to return my thanks for their steaduiess and prompt obedience throughout to my orders. To Major Napier, of the Engineers, who accompanied me, I am deeply indebted for the very valuable services be rendered me throughout the afternoon. RETURN of Casualties, &c., in 2nd Infantry Brigade (Bengal Division) on the 2nd January, 1849. ■ Camp, Mooltan, 3rd January, 1849. 3rd January, 1849. Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment. Killed : 3 Rank and File. — Wounded : 2 European Officers, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Drummer, 16 Rank and File, and Captain J. U. C. King, Her Majesty's 32nd. 49th Native Infantry. Wounded : 1 Rank and File. 72nd Native Infantry. i Killed : 3 Rank and File.— Wounded : 5 Rank and File. Total.— Killed 4.— Wounded 26. (Signed) F. MARKHAM, Brigadier, Commanding 2nd Brigade. (True copy.) (Signed) GEO. WHISH, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General. No. 2. 3rd January, 1849. From Brevet-Major HERBERT B. EDWARDES, C.B., Assistant-Resident, to Major-General W. S. WHISH, C.B., commandmg Mooltan Field Force. Camp, Beyghee Bagh, 3rd January, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to report that, in conformity with your instructions to create a diversion on the south and west of the city preparatory- to the storm of the breaches by the regular force. Lieutenant Lake threw out a large skirmishing party directly in his front, and close up to the Pak Gate, General Cortlandt another on the left of the Dawoodpootras, and I a third on the left of General Cortlandt, thus opening a smart fire nearly down to the Bobur Gate, and securing the attention of a large portion of the enemy's soldiers on the walls. In front of the village of Daira I also moved out a large body of Cavalry, and a troop of Horse Artillery, while the remainder and main body of the Infantry were in reserve at the Beyghee Bagh and Seedee-lall-ke-Beyd. 2. — At about half-past 1, p.m., the Dawoodpootras, under direction of Lieutenant Lake, and my own and General Cortlandt's, under direction of Lieutenant Young, of the Engineers, Mr. Hugh James and Mr. Quin, opened their fire from the most advanced suburbs, and drew a smart return from the ramparts and the gun on the Mootce Bastion. This was kept up until the advance of the British to the breach, and was, I trust, of service in distractmg the enemy's attention. 3. — When the city was completely in your possession. Lieutenant Lake and I withdrew our men to their respective posts ; but subsequently on being a])i>lied to by Major Scott, of Bombay Engineers, Lieutenant Lake occupied the Pak Gate with Dawoodpootras and a small party from the comj)any of 3rd Bombay Native Infantry, which was on duty at Seedce-lall. The vigilance of this detachment of Dawoodpootras while in charge of the gate, I was myself a witness to, at night, when I visited the post with Lieutenant Lake, and it did great credit to Irregular troops. 4. — After withdrawing our skirmishers, I ordered the Cavalry from Daira to make a patrol to the westward, and they succeeded in uitcrcepting a party of the enemy's Infantry who had escaped from the city, 20 of whom they killed, when the rest surrendered, and were disarmed. 5. — I cannot conclmle this report without bringing to your notice the zeal of Lieutenant Pollock, Assistant-Resident, and Mr. McMahon, volunteer ; the former joined his corps hearing it was in the storming party at the Delhi Gate breach, and the latter volunteered to accompany Captain Smyth, who led the right assault. •JIU RECORDS OF THE 7tli January, 1S4 1.1. No. 17. From Brigrtdier the Honorable II. DUNDAS, C.B., H. M. 60th Rifles, Coimnaiuling Bombay Coluiim Mooltan Field Force, to Brevet-Captain G. P. WHISH, Deputy Assistant Adjutant- General Bengal Column. Camp, Mooltan, 7 th January, 1849. I have the honor to forward the report of Brigadier Stalker, C.B., commanding the 2nd Brigade Bombay Division, which was engaged in storming the city of Mooltan on the afternoon of the 2nd instant. The Brigade formed in three columns, as directed in the instructions from the Assistant Adjutant- General, assembled in rear of the INIundee Ava, and about 3, p.m., moved down to storm the left trench at the angle of the Klioonee Boorj. The storming party, headed by Capt. Leith, of the 1st Bombay Fusiliers, speedily mounted the breach, but on arriving at the summit found some difficulty in descending, the enemy having re- trenched the breach, and dug deep ditches, into which several of the leading men and officers fell. The obstacles to the advance of the party having been overcome, and the column having succeeded in passing the breach, pushed on to the ramparts and streets of the tovni through a very narrow passage, and by the aid of some scaling ladders placed against a liouse by a party of Bengal Sappers, under Lieutenant Oliphant. I regret to state that soon after mounting the breach Captain Leith was severely wounded, and Lieutenant Gray taking command of the party, moved to the right to- wards the Delhi Gate, to clear away obstacles between the breach and that point at which it was intended the Bengal column should enter. Major Mignon, with the 1st column, moved to the left, clearing the ramparts, while the columns under Major ISIant and Major Honner, pushing for the centre of the town, established themselves in the grain market. The narrowness of the streets rendering the preservation of regular formation impossible, the I'uemy was followed up by the troops in the best mode in which they could move, and without giving him time to halt, until the town was completely carried, and the several columns established, the left having succeeded on reaching the Lahore Gate. Brigadier Stalker speaks most highly of the conduct of the troops, and nothing can be more honorable to their character than the humanity and kind treatment shown by them towards the unoffending inhabitants. I have great pleasure in bringing to the notice of the Major-General the conduct of Major Mignon, commanding 1st Fusiliers; Major Mant, commanding 19th Regiment; and Brevet-Major Honner, commanding the 4th Native Infantry (Rifles). Brigadier Stalker also reports most favorably of the conduct of Major Hobson, 1st Fusiliers, and of the assistance he received from Captain Tapji, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General, who was unfortunately wounded in capturing a gun ; Captain Hart, Major of Brigade ; Lieutenant Pollexfen, Deputy Assistant Quarter -Master-General, and Lieutenant Henry, of the 19th Regiment Native Infantry, Postmaster to the division. To the commanding Engineer, Major Scott, every praise is due for his untiring exertions during the operation, as well as to the several officers of that corps employed with the Bombay division. The conduct of Captain Leith, Lieutenants Dansey, Daly, Gray and Mules, is i:)articulai-ly noticed by Brigadier Stalker ; I am sorry to add that Lieutenant Gray was severely wounded after entering the town and has lost his right arm. Lieutenants Dansey, Heme and Law, are also among the wounded, as also Lieutenant Warden, of the 4th Rifles, and Ensign Gordon, of the 19th Regiment Native Infantry. Several acts of gallantry have been brought to my notice, particularly on the part of Colour- Sergeant Bennett, of the 1st Fusiliers, which I shall take an opportunity of reporting to the proper quarter. The suburbs between the Delhi Gate and the left breach were occupied by pickets from the 1st brigade, under Major Dennis, 60th Rifles, a company of the 60th Rifles, under Captain Douglas, being stationed in the houses opposite the breach, in the "Khoonee Boorj," to cover the advance of the storming party, and two companies under Captains George and Sibthorpe, to cover the advance of the Bengal column. Returns of casualties are herewith enclosed. i .lanimry, 1819. K,om Brigadier F. STALKER, C.B., Commanding 2nd Infantry Brigade, Bombay Column, to the ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Bombay Column, Mooltan Field Force. Camp, before Mooltan, January, 1849. Sir, I ilo myself the honor to report for the information of Brigadier the Hon. H. Dundas, C.B., (•(juunauding tiie Bombay Column, Mooltan Field Force, that on the afternoon of the 2nd of January the Brigade under my command was formed in the order laid down for them (jvWe instructions A and B), under cover, within about two hundred yards of the breach, the approach to which was fully exjiosed to a lire from musketry Zumbooruks. Tiie colunm gained the top of the breach at about half-past 3, r.ii., with much regularity, under a very galling tire ; but when the}' reached the summit found themselves in a sort of enclosure, from which there was only one regular exit by a narrow lane on the right, and over a low house into the " Ivliooneo Boorj." The enemy had excavated a trench parallel to the breach, which contracted the space still more ; the nature ol' the ground therefore rendered it utterly impossible to preserve any regular formation, and the officers pushed on with the men nearest them to carry out, as far as possiltle, the instructions to advance in three cohnnns. The cohnnn was detained nearly twenty miiuites by the obstacles at f i SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 211 the top of the breacli. The leading column of three companies of the Fusiliers having lost their January, 1849. comniaiider, Captain Leith, who was dangerously wounded soon after crossing the breach, pushed down the lane to the right, under Lievitenant Gray, and was in part the cause of the enemy aban- doning the " Klioonee Boorj." It fortunately liappened tiiat two short ladders were procured and placed by Bengal Sappers, under Lieutenant Oliphant, against the house on the left, just as the enemy found their communication with the town threatened ; they were therefore obliged to defend both the lane and the tower, and their resistance was consequently less energetic. As soon as the I ladders were phK'cd, the column which had to advance by the ramparts to the south pushed its way 1 along for some distance, but fortunately followed the retreating enemy along one of the streets, j which eventually led them to the end of the town near the Lahore Gate. A company being left at ' this point, the column returned along tlie streets nearest the rjimparts to the Bohur Gate, where it remained during the night, as it was known that the Pak Gate was in ])OSsession of the Bengal I 72nd, and a company of the 4th Rifles was sent back to the Ilurn Gate. During the night one ' of the enemy's powder magazines close to the gateway blew up, burying several of our men in the ruins ; it was impossible to guard against such an accident ; indeed, it is only surprising it was the only one on the south side, for the enemy's anmiunition was lying about in great quantities, and there was nothing to distinguish tiieir magazines from the other houses. Li the morning Lieu- tenants Pollard and Maxwell, with the Bengal Sappers, removed a considerable quantity of powder from another magazine close to a burning house, and threw it over the wall, where it exploded without doing any mischief. The proceedhigs of the other column were similar ; they all pushed quite through the town, left parties in advance posts, and retired to more open ground in the centre of the town. Wlien the left column — which was intended to go by the ramparts, and leave guards at the gates — had struck into the town, an application was made to Colonel Diindas, who sent two com- panies. Her Majesty's 60th Rifles, to hold the gates. The other colunuis had, iiowever, exceeded their instructions, for a company of the 72nd Bengal Native Lifiintry had crossed the to^v^l, and obtained possession of the Pak, and the road to the Hum Gate, before the 60th Rifles arrived. The Pak Gate was cleared during the night by the Bengal Sappers, the Hurn Gate by the Bombay Sappers, and the Bohur Gate was nearly opened when the explosion took place, which rendered it impossible to go on. It was opened next morning by the Bengal Sappers. I It is quite impossible to say where the Engineer officers were ; the troops were so scattered by I the narrow lanes that there were no distinct columns. The only real guide was to follow the f retreating enemy, which was done : not only are the ramparts so incomplete as to render a passage I round them by a column of men quite impracticable, but the parts which are complete were, at the ' time of the assault, crossed by traverses and cut up by small trenches. The night closed before the communication bet^veen the different bodies could be effected, but by morning the troops wei'C in communication with each other. It is to 1)0 regretted that we had not a couple of hours' daylight, as we should then have probably avoided the explosion of the magazine ; but the town was as completely cleared of the enemy by dark as it is at the j)resent moment. The steady and well-directed fire of Her Majesty's GOtli Rifles kept down that of the enemy very considerably while the troops were approaching the breach, and a discharge of grape thrown on the top of the breach by Lieutenant Keir, Bombay Artillery, just over the heads of the Fusiliers as they advanced, was of the utmost advantage to us ; but when the top was gained, and our men became mingled with the enemy, the fate of the day depended on the steadiness and courage of the Fusiliers : both men and officers answered nobly to the call. Where all behaved so well, and the operations were on such an extended scale, it would be im- possible for me to particularize each act of gallantry. I would therefore beg to refer the Brigadier commanding the Division to the reports of officers commanding Regiments and posts, and merely mention such as came under my notice. The gallantry of the follo^\-ing officers was conspicuous : — Captain Tapp, Deputy Assistant- Adjutant-Gencral attached to my staff, who was wounded in capturing a gun on our first entering the town, whereby I was early deprived of his valuable assistance ; Captain Leith, 1st Fusiliers, commanding the storming part}-, who was very severely wounded ; Lieutenants Daly and Mules, 1st Fusiliers. I would also bring to special notice the conduct of Color- Sergeant John Bennett, 1st Fusiliers, who volunteered to accompany the storming party, and rushing up the breach planted the Union Jack on its crest, standing beside it until the whole Brigade had passed. The color and 8taff are riddled with balls. I beg to mention tlio names of Major Mignon, conunanding 1st Fusiliers ; Major Mant, commanding 19th Regiment Native Infantry ; Major Honner, coimnanding 4th Rifles ; and Major Hobson, 1st Fusiliers, all of whom exerted themselves to the utmost, and were most successful in their different arrangements. To ^lajor Scott, commanding Engineers, I am particularly indebted for his able assistance and untiring zeal throughout the operations. My best thanks are also due to the following Engineer officers for the zeal and activity they displayed in the different duties on which they were employed : — Captain Abercrombie and Lieutenant Taylor, and other officers of the Bengal Engineers, whose names I am unfortunately unable to give ; Lieutenant Kendall and Berthon, of the Bombay Sappers, and 2nd Lieutenants Playfair and Fuller, of the siune corps. To the following officers temporarily attached to my staff my best thanks are due : — Lieutenant PoUexfen, Deputy Assistant Quarter-Master-General ; Lieutenant Henry, Posf- Master to the Force. I am much indebted to my Major of Brigade, Captain Hart, for the able and zealous assistance he afforded me in his arduous office throughout the operation. I have the greatest pleasure in bearing testimony to the humanity and forbearance of the troops under my command ; not a single instance of wanton cruelty or iU-treatment of the peaceable inhabitants of the town has been brought to my notice. !■ 1 212 RECORDS OF THE 2nd January, 1849. LIST of Killed and Wounded in the 2nd Infantry Brigade on the 2nd January, 1849. I Camp, Mooltan, 3rd January, 1849. I 1st Bombay Eueopean Regiment and Fusiliers. ! Killed : 4 Rank and File. — Wounded : 5 European Officers, 4 Sei'geants or Havildars, 1 Drummer, i Fifer, and Bugler, and 49 Rank and File. ! 4th Regiment Nathte Infantry (Rifles). Killed : 8 Rank and File. — Wounded : 1 European Officer, 1 Native Officer, 2 Sergeants or Havildars, 4 Drummers, Fifers, and Buglers, and 35 Rank and File. ! 19th Regiment Native Infantry. ' Killed : 4 Rank and File. — Wounded : 1 European Officer, 3 Sergeants or Havildars, and 33 Rank and File. Total of all Ranks : Killed 16 ; Wounded 139 ; Missing none. 2nd January, 18-19. LIST of European Officers Killed, Wounded and Missing in the 2nd Infantry Brigade, 2nd January, 1849. Camp, Mooltan, 3rd January, 1849. 1st Fusilier Regiment. Capt. R. W. D. Leith, Lieutenant W. Gray, dangerously (suffered amputation of an arm each). Lieutenants E. Dansey, O. E. Heme, and 2nd Lieutenant E. A. Law, slightly. 4th Rifles. Lieutenant T. S. Warden, wounded by a bullet in the shoulder. 19th Regiment Native Infantry. Ensign J. Gordon, severely. (Signed) FOSTER STALKER, Brigadier, Commanding 2nd Infantry Brigade, Bombay Column, Mooltan Field Force. (True copy.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General. 2nd January, 1849. CASUALTY RETURN of the Engineer Staff and Bombay Sappers and Miners, at the Storm of the City of Mooltan, on the 2nd January, 1 849. Camp, near Mooltan, 4th January, 1849. Engineer Staff. Wounded, 1 Lieutenant. Sappers and Miners. Killed, 10 Privates. — Wounded, 1 Corporal, 1 Native Officer, 2 Havildars, 3 Naiques, 1 Bugler, and 43 Privates. — Missing, 1 Private. Total. — Killed 10 Privates. — Wounded, 1 Lieutenant, 1 Corporal, 1 Native Officer, 2 Havildars, 3 Naiques, I Bugler, and 43 Privates. — Missing, 1 Private. European Officer Wounded since last return. Engineer Staff. Wounded, 2nd Lieutenant J. A. Fuller. (Signed) W. KENDALL, Lieutenant, Brigade Major, Engineers. (True copy.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General Bombay Column. (True copy.) (Signed) P. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 213 From Major-General W. S. WHISH, C.B., Commanding Mooltan Field Force, to the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE AllMY. Dated, Camp, Mooltan, 2 1st January, 1849. 21st January, 1849. Sir, In my letter of 19th instant (No. 898) I mentioned having had another messenger from Dewan Moolraj, with a note requesting permission to send a confidential agent to me. In reply I desired his unconditional surrender at 8, a.m., next day ; and when I received the answer from Major Edwardes to sign and senil, I took occasion to notice emphaticaUy to the messenger that I should confine to the guard any man that brought any documents or message from the Dewan, who were not authorized to the above effect. Nothing transpired regarding it yesterday, and I issued the orders for making the assault at both breaches at daylight this morning. The counterscarp on the city side not having, however, been blown in as was calculated upon, I postponed the attack till 6, A.M., to-morrow. However, at 11, a.m., to-day, just as Major Edwardes had called to speak on matters connected with our march hence, the Vakeel who had waited on me on the 9th instant, Dia Bux, came under a guard from our pickets, with a letter from the Dewan to each of us, the purport of which was, that he required assurance of his life, and that the females of his family should not be disgraced. I said in reply, that regarding the former I had only authority to require the Dewan's unconditional submission to the justice of the British Government, and that no stipulation was necessary regarding the latter, for women and children, as a matter of course, would not be molested. Dia Bux then said his master would certainly come in, and suggested 9, a.m., to-morrow for the time of his doing so, but I could not agree to so late an hour. I told him the fire of all my batteries would continue uutil 5 o'clock to-morrow morning, and that the Dewan must at latest present him- self and garrison at the Dowlut Gate of the city at sunrise, where arrangements would be ready to facilitate their surrender, and to afford protection to their families. I will, in conclusion, venture my opinion that the Dewan is now sincere in his desire to submit. His followers are leaving him in large numbers, and our Cavalry took prisoners about 300, who stole from the citadel last night ; but if it prove otherwise, I shall have nothing to regret in having at- tended to a third reference from him, for the sake of humanity and for the welfare of my troops ; and the only difference it wiU make in my arrangements will be, that the assault on the citadel will commence an hour later, and be equally attended, under Providence, with, I trust, complete success. (True copy.) (Signed) PAT. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-Greneral of the Army. From Snt, the ADJUTANT-GENERAL GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, Governor-General. No. 1,059. OF THE ARMY to Foreign Department, 28th January, 1849. the SECRETARY TO THE with the Right Honorable the Camp, ChilianwaUa, the 28th January, 1849. By direction of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, I have the honor to enclose for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India, copy of a Despatch, No. 902, of the 22nd instant, from Major-General W. S. Wbish, C.B., commanding the Mooltan Field Force, reporting the surrender, on tlie morning of that day, of the garrison and citadel of Mooltan. I am further to add for communication to his Lordship, that on the receipt of this despatch. His Excellency was pleased to issue to the Army of the Punjaub an order (copy of which is herewith transmitted), expressive of his sense of the great services thus brought to a brilliant and successful termination by the Major-Greneral and the admirable troops under his command. I have, &c.. Head Quarters, Camp, ChilianwaUah, (Signed) P. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, 28th January, 1849. Assistant Adjutant-General of the Army. No. 902. From Major-General W. S. WHISH, C.B., commanding Mooltan Field Force, to the ADJUTANT- GENERAL OF THE ARMY. 22nil January, 1849. Snt, Dated, Camp, Mooltan, 22nd January, 1849. I have the satisfaction of reporting to you, for the information of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, that in accordance with the expectation I expressed in my letter. No. 701, of yesterday, Dewan Moolraj came into my camp this morning under charge of Major Bec-her, Assistant Quarter-lLaster-Gcneral ; the garrison at the same time, between 3,000 and 4,000, surrendering and laying do^\ni their arms to the columns under Brigadiers Ilervey and Capon, that had been in orders for tlie assault of the citadel. This successful termination to our siege operations, after the laborious and gallant exertions of the troops since the 27th ultimo, will, 1 have no doubt, be very gratifying to His Lordship and to the Government: and I am grateful to Divine Providence for having permitted in this way the accomplishment of such an important result. On the 1st instant, with my letter No. 860, 1 had the satisfiiction of forwarding Brigadier the Hon. H. Dundas's report of the conduct of the troo|)s of his division engaged in the attack on the suburbs on the 27th ultimo, of the left column of which lie took personal command, particularizing many officei-s in command of corps of departments, or on the staff, whose services had been valuable ; also on the 7th instant with my letter No. 876, I transmitted similar reports of the proceedings of the two columns undc^r Brigadiers Stalker and Mai-kham, that had taken the city by assault on the 2nd instant, and which will, I trust, meet with the favorable consideration of His Lordsliip, but not having hitherto availed myself of any occasion to notice in just terms of commendation various officers of the Bengal Division, who have been with me the last six months, I beg permission to do so now. p2 214 RECORDS OF THE 22nd January, 1S49. To Brigatlier Cheape, C.B., Chief Engineer of the Army of the Punjaub, and Major Napier, Chief Engineer of tlie Bengal Dinsion ; to Captains Abererombie, Western and Siddons ; to Lieutenant Garforth, Brigade-Major of Engineers, dangerously wounded on the 2nd instant ; to all the officers of the Engineer Department, and of the corps of Sappers and Pioneers, I am much indebted for their zealous, scientific, and persevering exertions ; as also to Major Scott, Chief Engineer of the Bombay Division, and to the Officers under him. The practice of the Artillery was the theme of admiration with all : my thanks are particularly due to Majors Garbett and Leeson, respectively commanding the Artillery of the Bengal and Bombay Division, and to the officers under them ; Major Day and Brevet-Major Blood, and Captains Turnbull, Daniell, Anderson, Master and Mackenzie. Lieutenant Mill, Brigade-Major of the Artillery, Bengal Division, since July, has been particularly brought to my notice by Major Garbett for his useful services, and as contributing essentially to the advance of our operations. I must particularly commend those of Captain Hicks, Bombay Artillery, and Lieutenant P. Christie, Bengal Artillery, Commissaries of Ordnance, who were unremitting in attention to their important duties. The services of Brigadiers Hervey and Markham, commanding Infantry Brigades, and of Brigadier Salter, commanding the Cavalry, as also of their Brigade-Majors, Captains Wiggens and Balfour, and Lieutenant Warner, have been very valuable ; and it will be in the recollection of His Lordship, that Brigadier Markham had the good fortune, on the 7th November last, and on the 2nd instant, to com- mand columns of attack that were eminently successful. In my letter of the 7th instant, No. 876, I noticed the gallant proposition of Lieutenant-Colonel Franks, C.B., commanding Her Majesty's 10th Regiment, for a party being given him to escalade the citadel on the 2nd instant, and I am much in- debted to this officer on other accounts. It is also proper for me to notice, in terms of commendation, the other officers commanding corps in the Bengal Division, and under canvass the last six months, viz. : — Lieutenant-Colonel Brooke, Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment; Major Farquharson, commanding 8th Native Infantry; Major Lloyd, com- manding the 49th Regiment ; Major Finnis, commanding 51st Native Infantry ; Captain Jamieson, com- manding 52nd Native Infantry ; Captain Lloyd, commanding 72nd Native Infantry, relieved on 30th November by Lieutenant-Colonel Nash, C.B., who was severely wounded in the attack of the 27th ult. ; Captain Inglis, commanding 1 1th Regiment Light Cavalry ; Major Wheeler, comiiianding 7th Irregular Cavalry ; Captain iNIaster, commanding 1 1 th Irregular Cavalry ; and Lieutenant Robarts, commanding squadron 14th Irregular Cavalry, who relieved from that charge, on the 30th November, Lieutenant Plowden, 50th Regiment Native Infantry. Lieutenant-Colonel Drummoud, C.B., Deputy Quarter-Master-General, and Major Becher, Assistant Quarter-Master-General, have uniformly given me the most efficient aid, and with a willingness that nmch enhanced it ; and the Assistant Adjutant-General, Brevet-Captain Whish, has performed his laborious duties with a promptness, intelligence and zeal that much lessened mine. Captain Lloyd, in charge of the Commissariat Department, assisted by Captains Cooper and Turner, ■ Lieutenants Tombs, Robertson and WUles, has uniformly made such excellent arrangements, that the troops have never been inconvenienced for want of supplies, and that department has in every respect been conducted most satisfactorily. Mr. Superintending-Surgeon Dempster has uniformly and successfully applied his talents and assiduitv to the promotion of the health and comfort of our sick and wounded, and been ably supported by the Medical Officers of every corps and department. The officers of my personal staff. Captain Clark Kennedy, H. M. 18th Regiment, and Lieutenant Need, H. M. 14th Light Dragoons, Aids-de-Camp, have been so unremitting in their exertions to pro- mote the service, that I cannot convey correct ideas of the grateful feeUng their conduct has impressed on me. They both merit my wannest commendation and thanks. I have written this despatch in much haste, and fear I have omitted the names of some to whom I feel much indebted, in which case I shall not fail to repair the omission. It is very satisfactory to me to add, in conclusion, that I have always experienced from Brigadier the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., commanding the Bombay Division, and from the Brigadiers and officers in command under him, the most \^^Uing assistance. The services of Commander Powell, Indian Navy, with the steamers under his orders, have been of much value to the objects of the expedition, and a detail of seamen from the vessels have afforded material relief at the batteries on several occasions. I have had the greatest satisfaction in directing a royal salute to be fired from the citadel at noon in honor of His Lordship's victory over the Sikhs on the 13th instant, and shall order another to be i fired at sunset for the happy termination of military operations in this quarter. : Thirty-nine guns and mortars taken. 2Gth January, 1849. GENERAL ORDERS to the Army of the Punjaub. Head Quarters, Camp, ChilianwaUa, 26th January, 1849. The officer commanding the Artillery will be so good as to direct a royal salute to be immediately fired from the heavy giuis in honor of the capture of Mooltan by the British force under command of Major-General W. S. Whish, C.B., on the morning of the 22nd instant. The Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief most heartily congratulates Major-General Whish and the brave officers and troops under his command, on the very important success their intrepidity, valour, and exemplary discipline have thus achieved. (True Copies.) (Signed) PAT. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. ; SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 215 No. 909. 23rd January, 1849. From Major-General W. S. WHISH, to the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE ARMY, Head Quarters. Camp, Mooltan, January 23rd, 1849. Sir, Although I have in due course taken leave to bring to the notice of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, from time to time, the services rendered by the allied troops, under Major Edwardes, C.B., Assistant Resident, as I am about to part with that officer, whose willing and valuable aid I have frequently experienced since our tirst encamping before Jlooltan, I will venture upon a brief recapitulation of what has been done by the forces under him, and Lieutenant Lake, Engineers, respectively, the latter officer baring had unassisted charge of the contingent of the Nawab of Bhawul- pore, until he was wounded on the 12th September last, when he was for a month relieved by Lieutenant Taylor ( 1 1 th Light Cavalry), Assistant Resident, who was prevented from continuing during the siege, l)v a chivalrous expedition he undertook to recover our captives from Peshawur. General Van Cortlandt commanded the Regular Regiments and Artillery of the Durbar, and as far as came under mv observation, executed an arduous trust, under occasionally critical circumstances, with much judgment and zeal. Lieutenant Limisden, .Assistant Resident, with a detachment of the Guide Corps, performed useful service for the two months he was in the allied camp. Lieutenant Pollock (49th N. L), Assistant Resident, has more than once distinguished himself at the head of a detachment during the siege, and joined his corps for the storm of the city on the 2nd instant. Lieutenant Young, Engineers, had charge of the Irregular Sappers and Miners, and under the orders of Major Scott, Chief Engineer Bombay Division, was eminently useful on the line of attack on the city side. Dr. Cole has been, as usual, foremost in the cause of humanity, and after attending to his own sick, a very large hospital of the wounded of the enemy experience the benefit of his skill and care. Before I conclude this brief notice of the officers attached to the allied forces, that exclusive of, on various occasions, haring been succesfuUy engaged with the enemy, maintained our communication with the Sutlej and Chenab, and furnished escorts for our supplies, &c., I beg to notice two gentlemen (at present non-militarv) who have done good service, Messrs. Hugh James and McMahon, volunteers ; the former having joined Major Edwardes in the hot season, and thence done duty with three companies of Infantry that he raised and drilled, the latter having joined early last month, and on the 29th ultimo distinguished himself, when the enemy twice, unsuccessfully, attacked the troops commanded by Major Edwardes and Lieutenant Lake, by cutting down the leader of the Sikh Infantry, in single combat, and by joining the storming column of Brigadier Markham, in the assault of the city on the 2nd instant. As the detachment of Bombay troops under Major Hallett, consisting of five troops of Scinde Horse (under Lieutenants Malcolm and Merewethcr), Captain TurnbuU's Light Field Battery and 3rd Regiment Native Infantry, joined me a fortnight before the main body, and performed during that time most useful service, I beg to acknowledge my obligations to !Major Hallett for the same. (True copy.) (Signed) PAT. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copies.) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True copies.) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. V 3 216 RECORDS OF THE '27th February, 1849. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA ORDINARY. TUESDAY, 27th FEBRUARY, 1849. 20th February, 1849. 1st February, 1849. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, 26th February, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council is pleased to republish for general information the following Notification, published by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, dated. Camp, Ferozepore, 1st February, 18-19. By order of the Uight Honorable the Governor in Council, A. MALET, Chief Secretary. NOTIFICATION. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Camp, Ferozepore, ]st February, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor-General directs the publication of the following Despatch from ■ His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, for public information. By order of the Bight Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretarv to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. 10th Pccember, 1848. COPIES. From the Right Honorable the COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF to the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, &c., &c., &c. Head Quarters, Camp, Ramnnggur, 10th December, 1848. My Lord, In continuation of my letter of the 5th instant, I have now the honor to enclose to your Lord- ship a copy of Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwdl's despatch, dated the 6th idem, but only received last night, detailing the operations of the force under his command after it had been detached from my head quarters. I can only repeat the warm approval I have already expressed of the conduct of the Major-General, and of every officer and man under his command, and I beg your Lordship's favorable consideration of the services of those named by Sir Joseph Thackwell. I beg to enclose a rough sketch of the operations of the 3rd instant. I have, &c., (Signed) GOUGH. Cth December, 1848. From Major-General Sir JOSEPH THACKWELL, K.C.B. and K.H., to Lieutenant-Colonel GRANT, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army, Head Quarters, Camp, Ramnuggur. Camp, Heylah, fith December, 1848. Sir, I have the honor to report, for the information of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, that agreeably to His Excellency's orders- Major Christie's tronp H. A. " I left the camp at Ramnuggur, with the troops named in the margin. Captain HuisVs^^troop H.^ A^ at about half-past thrceo'clock on the morning of the 1st December, 1848, do KinksTde'sX^. 5 Light Field Battery. m^toiiA of at one o'clock as I had ordered, some of the troops having do Austin's No. 10 Light Field Batteryl lost their way amnng the intricacies ot the rear of the encampment, and do Robinson's and two 18 pounders, under the com- proceeded to the vicinil)' of the ford on the Chenab at Runnee-Kban-ke- niand of Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, H. A. Putvun, distant 1,3 miles from Ramnuggur, which owing to the broken 2 Companies of Pioneers. ground, narrow roads where any existed, for the first four miles, I did The Pontoon Train ,,,„., not reach before 1 1 o'clock ; the enemy had Infantry at this ford, which J he 1st Hngadc of Cavalry, commanded by Brigadier White. " - - 3rd Light Dragoons, commanded by Major Ycrbury. .5tli Liglit Cavalry, commanded by Captain AVheatley. 8th Light Cavalry, commanded by Captain Moore. 3rd Irregular Cavalry, commanded by Major Tait. report afterwards magnified to 4,000 men ; but the villagers said it was much deeper tlian the one at Allee-shere-ke-chuck, a mile higher up the river. I am much indebted to Lieutenant Paton, Deputy Assistant Quarter-Master-General, for his anxious exertions in examining this ford. 12th Irregular Cavalry, commanded by Lieut. Cunningham, and from his rejiort I came to the conclusion that this ford of AUee- < SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 217 slierc-ke-chuck could not have Artillery on the left bank of the river to '-^"l Brigade of Inkantrv, Brigadier Eckfor.l. cover the passaijc for the troops from" the insecure bottom of the tirst 3Ist Native Infantry, Major Coriield. ford, neither could the Pontoon Train be of much use for the same ^^th Native Infantry. Major I5»mfield. reason, and the deep sands which lay between tlie fords. The Pontoon 3rd Division of Infantry, Brigadier-General Campbell, train miy;ht have been laid over the main stream under cover of a enmmandmg. battery licar the enemy's Infantry, but bevond the river the sands seemed 6th Brigade of Infantry, Brigadier Pennycuick. wet aiid insecure, and a branch of the river beyond them was said to be Her Majesty's 24th, Major Harris. deep with a muddy bottom. Under all these' disadvantages, I came to l j'laiik Companies 1 22nd N. Infantry, Major Sampson. , ' . . , .■' , ■ ,1 X .1 i^ ^^ ■ 2 Battalion Companies J the decision that it was more advisable to try the passage ot the river .25t^ Native Infantry, Lieutenant-Colonel Corbett. near Wuzeerabad, where Captain Nicholson, Assistant to the Resident ^^^ Brigade of Infantry, Brigadier Hoggan. at Lahore, informed me that at the ferry were seventeen boats and a „„ Majesty's 61st Foot, Lieutenant-Colonel McLeod. ford not more than 3 leet 10 inches deep, with a good bottom, than to ^gf), Native Infantry, Major Flemyng. run the risk of severe loss by passing the river near the enemy. 46th Native Infantry, M.ajor Tudor. This survey of the ford occupied three hours, and at two o'clock I put Of the above detail the following returned in charge of the the column in movement to the ford and ferry at Wuzeerabad, which was two 18 pounders and Pontoon Train :— in the possession of Lieutenant Nicholson's Pathars, where the leading 2 guns of No. 10 Light Field Battery. Infantry arrived about five o'clock in the afternoon, having made a march 12 Irregular Cavalry. of about twenty-five miles. The 6th Brigade of Infantry and some of 2 Companies 22iid Native Infantry, tlie guns were passed over the Chenab immediately, and I am indebted to Brigadier-General Campbell, Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, H.A., and Captain Smith, of the Engineers, for their great exertions in forwarding this object. Brigadier Eckford I hoped would have crossed the river by the three fords that evening, but as it became too dark and hazy for such an operation, he halted for the night on the dry sands near the last branch of the river. Major Tait, 3rd Irregular Cavalry, was enabled to pass over three of his Ressalas, in doing which I am sorry to say three suwars and one horse were drowned. On the morrow the Infautry, Cavalry, and all the troops were soon over the river by ferry and ford, and all the baggage and commissariat animals passed the same by 12 o'clock without any further loss. At 2, P.M., after the troops had dined, I marched in order of battle three Brigade Columns of Companies at half distance, left in front, at deploying interval ; the first Brigade of Cavalry in the same order on the right, with strong Hanking parties and rear guard ; and the 3rd Irregular Cavalry on the left, with orders to patrol to the river and clear the right bank, aided by the Infantry, if necessary ; in this order I arrived at Doorawal, at dusk, about 12 miles from the ferry, aud halted for the night. On Sunday, December the 3rd, at daylight, the troops proceeded in the same order towards the Sikh position, and I intended to have reconnoitred and commenced an attack upon it by 1 1 o'clock ; hearing, however, when within about 4 miles of it, or less, that reinforcements were expected to pass over the Chenab at the ford near Ghurree-ke-Puttun, it became necessary to secure that post, aud which had been found without an enemy an hour before, but to which it now seemed that a body of about 600 of the enemy were seen approaching, aud I detached a wing of the 56th Native Infantry and two Ressalas of the 3rd Irregular Cavalry, under Major Tait, who secured the post, and frustrated the attempt of the enemy. This caused so much delay that enough of daylight would not he left for the advance and attack on the left and rear of the enemy's jjosition ; about 2, p.m., some of the enemy's guns opened on a patrol of the 5th Light Cavalry, and he was seen advancing in large bodies of Cavalry and Infantry, and the picquets, which occupied three villages with large plantations of sugar cane, being too much in advance to be supported, fell back without any loss, and the enemy occupied these villages with Cavalry on the right, guns and bodies of Infantry, and the main body of their Cavalry, with Horse Artillery, were on their left. When the enemy's guns opened, I ordered Brigadier-General Campbell to deploy the Infantry into line in front of the village of Sudoolapore, Brigadier Eckford and part of Brigadier Hoggan's Brigade being extended in order not to be out-flanked. It was not until the enemy came well within range of our guns that I caused them to open their fire, which they then did with great effect. The enemy tried to turn both our flanks, which having foreseen, I had caused Captain Warner to move his troop of Artillery to the left of the Infantry, and had sent the 5th Light Cavarly to the left to support these guns, and to act in conjunction with the two Ressalas of the 3rd Irregular Cavalry under Captain Biddulph, who were posted on open ground, and these soon drove the enemy back. The attempt to turn our right was met by extending the Sth Light Cavalry and Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons, supported by Major Christie's troop of Artillery. As the Cavalry of the right advanced the enemy's suwars gave way, and they fell back on their Infantry, having lost some men by the skirmishers of the 3rd Light Dragoons. After a cannonade of about two hours the fire of the enemy slackened, and I sent Lieutenant Paton to desire the Cavalry on the right to charge and take the enemy's guns, if possible, intending to support them by moving the Brigades in eschellon from the right at intervals, according to circumstances ; but as no opportunity offered for the Cavalry to charge, and so little of daylight remained, I deemed it safer to remain in my position than attempt to drive back an enemy so strongly posted on their right and centre, with the prospect of having to attack their entrenched position afterwards. From this position the Sikhs began to retire at about 12 o'clock at night, as was afterwards ascertained, and as was con- jectured by the barking of dogs in their rear. I have every reason to believe that Shere Singh attacked with twenty guns, and nearly the whole of the Sikh army were employed against my position, which was bv no means what I could have wished it ; but the fire of our Artillery was so effective that he did not dare to bring his masses to the front ; and my brave, steady and ardent Infantry — whom I had caused to lav down to avoid the heavy fire — had no chance of firing a shot, except a few companies on the left of the line. The enemy's loss has been severe, ours comparatively very small. I regret not being able to capture the enemy's guns, but with the small force of Cavalry — two Regiments on the right only — it would have been a matter of dillieulty for tired Cavalry to overtake Horse Artillery, fresh anii well mounted. In these operations the conduct of all has merited my warmest praise, and the patient endurance of the Artillery, Cavalry, European Infantry, aud Sepoys, under privations of no ordinary nature, has been most praiseworthy. To Brigadier-General Campbell I am much indebted for his able assistance during these movements, and to Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, commanding the Artillery, Major Christie, Captains Fuish, Warner, Austin, and Kinleside, and the officers and men under their command, I cannot bestow too much praise for tlieir skill and gallantry in overconiing the tire of a numerous Artillery, some of which were of heavy calibre. I am also greatly indebted to Captain Smith, of the Engineers, for his exertions in p 4 218 RECORDS OF THE fith December, 1848. passing over guns at the Wuzeerabad ferry, and for his assistance in conveying my orders on various occasions ; and my tlianks are due to Lieutenants Yule and Crommelin, of the same corps, and to Lieutenant Bacon, of the Sappers ; to Lieutenant Paton, Deputy Assistant Quarter-Master-General, my best thanks are due for his exertions and assistance in the advance of the troops and during the action ; and to Captain Nicholson, Assistant to the Resident at Lahore, I beg to oifer my best thanks for his endeavours to procure intelligence of the enemy's movements — for his endeavours to procure supplies for the troops, and for his able assistance on all occasions ; Captain Pratt, my Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General ; Lieutenant Tucker, Deputy Assistant Quarter-Master-General ; and Lieutenant Thackwell, A.D.C., have been most zealous in performing their respective duties, and have rendered me every assistance, and I feel assured that if the Cavalry and Infantry had been brought into close action I should have had the great satisfaction of thanking Brigadiers, Commanding Officers of Corps, and the officers and men, for their gallantry and noble bearing in action, as I now do for their steadiness and good conduct ; to Major Mainwaring, Captains Gerrard, Simpson, Faddy, and James, I am much indebted for their exertions in their respective departments. I beg further to state, that on the morning of the 4th I put the troops in motion to pursue the enemy who had retreated during the preceding night, and encamped about 1 1 miles from the Chenab on the road to Jullalpore, the 9th Lancers having been pushed to the front, but without seeing anything of the enemy, who had retreated by the Jhelum, Jullalpore, and Pind Daduu Khan roads, and on the following day I arrived at this place, and sent two Regiments of Cavalry on the road to Dingee (one of them the' 14th Light Dragoons), and two Regiments of Cavalry and a troop of Horse Artillery on the road to Jullalpore ; the latter party observed two bodies of the enemy, of about 800 and 400 men, each imagined to be a strong rear guard, about 8 miles from this, and behind a thick jungle which reaches to the river ; and the former went to Dingee, which jilace the enemy had left, and the villagers said had gone over the Jhelum. Both parties returned to this camp without, I am sorry to say, having overtaken any of the enemy's troops or guns. I beg leave to enclose a return of the killed and wounded. I have, &c., (Signed) JOS. THACKWELL, Major-General, Commanding the Advanced Post of the Army. 6th December, 1848. RETURN of Killed, Wounded, and Missing of a Detachment of the Army of the Punjaub, in the Action on the 3rd December, 1848. Camp, Heylah, 6th December, 1848. 1st Troop 2nd Brigade of Horse Artillery. Killed, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Rank and File, and 3 Horses. — Wounded, 1 European Com- missioned Officer, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Rank and File, and 2 Horses. Wounded, 2 Horses. 3rd Troop 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery. 1st Troop 3rd Brigade Horse Artillery. Killed, 4 Rank and File, 8 Horses. — Wounded, 7 Rank and File, and 4 Horses. Total. — Killed, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 5 Rank and File, and 1 1 Horses. — Woimded, 1 European Commissioned Officer, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 8 Rank and File, and 8 Horses. No. 5 Light Field Battery and 3rd Company 7th Battalion. Killed, 1 Horse. — Wounded, 2 Syce Drivers, 1 Syce and Grasscutter, 2 Horses. No. 10 Light Field Battery, 1st Company 1st Battalion. Killed, 2 Horses. — Wounded, I European Commissioned Officer, and 2 Rank and File. Total. — Killed, 3 Horses. — Wounded, 1 European Commissioned Officer, 2 Rank and File, 2 Syce Drivers, 1 Syce and Grasscutter, and 2 Horses. Cavalry 1st Brigade, H. M.'s 3rd Light Dragoons. Killed, 3 Horses.— Wounded, 1 Rank and File, and 1 Horse. Cavalry 1st Brigade, 5th Light Cavalry. Killed, 2 Horses. — Wounded, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Horse. Cavalry 1st Brigade, 8th Light Cavalry. •: Killed, 1 Rank and File, and 3 Horses.— Wounded, 1 Horse, 1 Bheestee wounded and drowned crossing the river on the night of the 1st December, 1848, 3 Suwars, and 1 Horse, not included in this. Total.— Killed, 1 Rank and File, and 8 Horses.— Wounded, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Rank and File, and 3 Horses. 3rd Irregular Cavalry. Killed, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 2 Rank and File, and 1 1 Horses.— Wounded, 1 European Com- missioned Officer, 2 Rank and File, and 1 Horse.— Missing, 1 Rank and File, and 1 Horse. I; SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 219 12th Irregular Cavalry. 6tl> December, 1848. Killed, 1 Rank and File. Infantry 3rd Brigade, 3Ist Regiment, N. I. Wounded, 1 Sergeant or HavilJar, and 6 Rank and File. Total. — Wounded, 1 Sergeant or Ila^ildar, and (i Rank and File. 6th Brigade, H. M.'s 24th Regiment. Killed, 1 Sergeant, 1 Rank and File. — Wounded, 1 Sergeant, and 3 Rank and File. 6th Brigade, 22nd Regiment, N. I. Killed, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, and 1 Native Commissioned Officer. — Wounded, 2 Rank and File. 6th Brigade, 25th Regiment, N. I. Killed, 1 Native Commissioned Officer, and 4 Rank and File. — Wounded, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, and 7 Rank and File. Total. — Killed, 1 Native Commissioned Officer, 2 Sergeants or Havildars, and 5 Rank and File. Wounded, 1 Native Commissioned Officer, 2 Sergeants or Havildars, and 1 2 Rank and File. 8th Brigade, H. M.'s 61st Regiment. Killed, 2 Rank and File. — Wounded, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, and 8 Rank and File. 8th Brigade, 36th Regiment, N. I. Killed, I Native Commissioned Officer, and 1 Rank and File. — Wounded, 1 European Commissioned Officer, and 2 Rank and File. 8th Brigade, 46th Regiment, N. I. J Wounded, 1 Rank and File. i Total. — Killed, 1 Native Commissioned Officer, and 3 Rank and File. — Wounded, 1 European il Commissioned Officer, I Sergeant or Havildar, and 1 1 Rank and File. i Total. — Killed, 21 Men and 33 Horses. — Wounded, 51 Men and 14 Horses. — Missing, 1 Man • and 1 Horse. Grand Total. — 73 Men and 48 Horses. ' (Signed) JOSEPH THACKWELL, Major-General, Commanding Detachment Army of the Punjaub. (Examined.) (Signed) J. E. PRATT, Captain, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General, Cavalry Division, Army of the Punjaub. LIST of Officers Killed and Wounded of a Detachment of the Army of the Punjaub on the 3rd ,Srd December, 1848. December, 1848. 1 Troop 2Nn Brigade Horse Artillery. Wounded, Lieutenant E. J. Watson. IOth Light Field Battery 1st Company 1st Battalion. Wounded severely. Captain E. G. Austin. 22nd Regiment Native Infantry. Wounded severely, Jemadar Sirdar Khan, amputation of leg. 25th Regiment Native Infantry. Killed, Thunnoo Jemadar. 36th Regiment Native Infantry. Wounded severely. Lieutenant Garstiii. 3rd Irregular Cavalry. Wounded, Lieutenant A. Gibbins. (True Copies.) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True Copies.) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. 220 RECORDS OF THE 3rd March, 1849. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA B D I N A R 7. publisbfti bp 9[uti)orit|P. SATURDAY, (11, p.m.), 3rd MARCH, 1849. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, 'Ard March, 1849. The Right Honorahle the Governor in Council has the gratification of publishing, for general information, the following Notification by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, announcing the rout of the Sikh Army under Rajah Shere Singh, on the 21st ultimo, by the Forces under the command of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. A Salute of 21 t;uns will be fired at every principal Mihtary Station in this Presidency on receipt of this Notification. B>/ order of the Eight Hoiiorable the Governor in Council, A. MALET, Chief Secretary.' 23rd February, 1849. NOTIFICATION. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Camp, Ferozepore, 23rd February, 1849. The Governor-General has the gratification of intimating to the President in Council, and notifying for public information, that he has this day received a Despatch from Major Mackeson, C.B., Agent to the Go\ernor-General, with the Commander-in-Chief, conveying the intelligence that the Forces under His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, on the 21st instant, attacked and routed the Sikh Army, in the neighbourhood of Goojerat. 2. — The enemy was beaten at every point, and retreated in disorder, leaving in the hands of the British troops, by whom he was pursued, a great portion of his artillery, his ammunition, and the whole of his standing camp. 3. — The Official Despatches of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief will be pubhshed as soon as they are received. 4. — The Governor-General ilirects that a Salute of 21 guns shall be fired at every principal Station of the Army on the receipt of this Notification. Bi/ order of (he Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, . ELLIOT, It of India, wi (True Copy.) (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretarv to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. A. MALET, Chief Secretary. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 221 16th March, 1S49. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY, ^ublisbfli bp Slut&on'ti). FRIDAY, 16th MARCH, 184!). XOTIFICATIOX. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, \Ath March, 1849. 14th March, 1849. Tlie Right Honorahle the Governor in Council is pleased to re-publish for general information the following Notification and General Order, issued by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, ! under dates the 2-lth ultimo and the 1st instant, together with the Despatches therein alluded to, I containing details of the victory gained by the British Army at Goojerat on the 21st ultimo. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, A. MALET, \ Chief Secretary. NOTIFICATION. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Camp, Ferozepore, the 24th February, 1849. 24th February, i849. The Right Honorable the Governor-General directs the publication of the foUovring letter from I His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, reporting the complete defeat of the Sikh Army on the 21st instant. The detailed Despatches will be published hereafter. From His Excellency the COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF IN INDIA to the Right Honorable the 21st February, 1849. GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. Camp in front of Goojerat, 21st February, 1849. I My Lord, \ I have the honor to report to your Lordship that I have this day oiitained a victory of no common order, either in its character or, I trust, in its effects. I was joined yesterday by Brigadier Markham's Brigade, Brigadier-General Dundas having joined . late the ])receding night. I moved on in the afternoon of yesterday, as soon as these troojis were , refreshed, from Trikur to the Village of Sheediwal, and at seven this morning I moved to the attack, j which commenced at half-past eight o'clock, and by one o'clock I was in possession of the whole Sikh • position, with all his camp equipage, baggage, magazines, and, I hope, a large proportion of his !guns ; the exact number I cannot at present state, from the great extent of his position and length of j pursuit, as I followed up the enemy from four to five miles on the Bimbur road, anil pushed on Sir 1 Joseph Thackwell with the Cavalry. The rout has been most complete; the whole road for twelve j miles is strewed with guns, ammunition wagons, arms, and baggage. ; My loss was comparatively small (I hope within 300 killed and wounded), when it is considered ] I had to attack 60,000 Sikhs, in a very strong position, armed with upwards of 60 guns. The loss of I the enemy must have been very severe. ! The conduct of the whole army, in every arm, was conspicuous for steadiness in movement and I gallantry in action. The details I sliall furnish hereafter. I I have, &c., (Signed) GOUGH, General, Commander-in-Chief in India. By order of the Itiyht Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) II. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. 222 RECORDS OF THE 1st March, 1819. GENERAL ORDER, by the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, Foreign Department, Camp, Ferozepore, the 1st March, 1849. The Governor-General having received from His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief a Despatch, reporting the details of the brilliant victory which was gained by the British Army at Goojerat, on the 21st ultimo, directs that it be published for the information of the Army, and of the people of India. The Sikh Army, under the command of Sirdar Chuttur Singh and of Rajah Shere Singh, combined with the Afighan troops in the service of the Ameer of Cabul, were posted in great strength near to the town of Goojerat. Their numbers were estimated at 60,000 men, and 59 guns were brought by them into action. On the morning of the 21st they were attacked by the forces under the personal command of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. A powerful and sustained cannonade by the British Artillery compelled them, after some time, to retire from the positions they had well and resolutely maintained. The subsequent advance of the British Army drove them back at once from every point ; and retreat having been speedily converted into rout, they fled in the utmost disorder ; and abandoning their guns, and throwing away their arms, were pursued by the Artillery and Cavalry till the evening, for many miles beyond the town. Fifty-three pieces of the enemy's Artillery, his camp, his baggage, his magazines, and vast stores of ammunition, left in the hands of the British troops, bear testimony to the completeness and to the importance of the victory that has been won. The Governor-General, in the name and on behalf of the Government of India, most cordially congratulates His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, and the whole Army, on the glorious success which, under the blessing of Divine Providence, their skill and gallantry have achieved ; and he offers to His Excellency, to the Generals, the Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, and Soldiers of the Force, his grateful acknowledgments of the service they have thus rendered to the Government and to their country. The Governor-General begs especially to thank Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, K.C.B. and K.H„ Major-General Sir W. Gilbert, K.C.B., Major-General Whish, C.B., Brigadier-General Campbell, C.B., and Brigadier-General the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., for the ability and judgment with which they directed the operations of the Divisions respectively under their command. To the Chief Engineer, Brigadier Cheape, C.B. ; to the Officers commanding Brigades: Brigadier Brooke, C.B., Brigadier Huthwaite, C.B., and Brigadier Leeson ; to Brigadier White, C.B., Brigadier j Hearsay, and Brigadier Lockwood, C.B. ; to Brigadier Harvey and Brigadier Markham ; to Brigadier I Mountain, C.B., Brigadier Penny, C.B., Brigadier Capon ; and Brigadier Hoggan, Brigadier Carnegy, <] and Brigadier McLeod, the best thanks of the Governor-General are due. The services of Brigadier-General Tennant, and of the Artillery of the Force, have been recorded in the Despatch of the Commander-in-Chief in terms of which they may justly be proud. The Governor-General cordially joins with His Excellency in acknowledging their merit, and in bestowing upon them the praise they have earned so well. To Major Lugard, to Lieutenant-Colonel Gough, C.B., and to the Officers of the General Staff of Her Majesty's Army ; to Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, C.B. ; to Lieutenant-Colonel Garden, C.B., and to the Officers of the General Staff of the Army ; to Captain Ramsay, and the Officers of the Com- missariat Department ; to Mr. Franklin, Inspector-General of Her Majesty's Hospitals ; to Dr. Renny, and the Officers of the Medical Department, and to the Officers of His Excellency's Personal Staff, the Governor-General offers his best thanks, and assures them of his full appreciation of their services. And to all the Troops of every Arm, European and Native, the Governor-General desires to convey his entire approbation of their steady and gallant conduct throughout the day ; particularly to a portion of the 9th Lancers and the Scinde Horse for their charge against the Affghan Cavalry ; to the 3rd Brigade of Infantry, under Brigadier Penny, C.B., for their attack on the village of Kalra ; and to a portion of Brigadier Hcrvey's I5rigade, for their charge, led by Lieutenant-Colonel Franks, C.B., all of which have been specially reported by Ilis Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. The Governor-General estimates highly the important results which the battle gained on the 2 1st ultimo is calculated to produce. He entertains a hope that the conviction which the events of that day must force upon all of the vast superiority which the British Army derived from the possession of science and military resource will induce the enemy shortly to abandon a contest which is a hopeless one. The war in which we are engaged must be prosecuted with vigour and determination, to the entire defeat and dispersion of all who are in arms against us, whether Sikhs or Affghans. The Governor-General has ever felt and feels unbounded confidence in the army which serves in India. He relies fully on the conviction that their services will be given cheerfully and gallantly, as heretofore, whatever may be the obstacles opposed to them ; and he does not doubt that, with the blessing of Heaven, such full success will continue to follow their efforts as shall speedily give to the Government of India the victory over its enemies, and restore the country to the eujoyment of peace. The Governor-General will not fail earnestly to commend the past services of this army to the favorable consideration of Her Majesty's Government and of the Honorable East India Company. A salute of 21 guns has been ordered to be fired at every principal Station of the Army in India. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. 26th February, 18-19. COPIES. From the Right Honorable the COM.MANDER-IN-CHIEF IN INDIA to the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. Head Quarters, Camp, Goojerat, 26th February, 1849. My Lord, By my letter of the 21st instant, written on the field of battle immediately after the action, your! Lordship will have been made acquainted with the glorious result of my operations on that day against the Sikh Army, calculated from all credible reports at 60,000 men of all arras, and fifty-nine pieces SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 223 of Artillery, under the command of Sirdar Chutter Singh and Rajah Sherc Singh, with a body of •26th February, 1849. 1,500 AtTghan Horse led by Akrani Khan, sou of the Ameer Dost .Mahomed Khan ; — a result, my Lord, glorious indeed for the ever victorious Army of India. The ranks of the enemy broken, their position carried, their guns, ammunition, camp equipage and baggage captured, their flying masses driven before the victorious pursuers from midday to dusk, receiving most severe punishment in their flight ; and, my Lord, with gratitude to a merciful Providence, I have the satisfaction of adding, that notwithstanding the obstinate resistance of the enemy, this triumphant success — this brilliant victory — has been achieved with comparatively little loss on our side. The number of guns taken in action, and captured in the Hue of pursuit, I now find to be fifty- three (53). The official report made by the Adjutant-General of the Army on the 2()th instant, will have informed your Lordship tlmt I had directed Brigadier-General the Honorable II. Dundas to join me by forced marches, and that I had closed up to so short a distance of the Sikh Army that they could not possibly attempt tlie passage of the Chenab iu order to put into execution their avowed determination of moving upon Lahore, make a retrograde movement by the Kooree Pass (the only practicable one for guns), or indeed quit their position, without my being able to attack them and defeat their movement. On the 18th instant. Brigadier Markliam had proceeded from Ramnuggur up the left bank of the river to Kanokee, to which I had directed tbrty-scven boats to be sent up. On the morning of the 20th this officer crossed the Chenab by my instructions and joined me at 1 1 o'clock, a.m. At the same time Lieutenant-Colonel Byrne was directed to move dowii the left bank, from the position he held in front of Wuzeerabad, with two corps of Infantrj', and four guns, leaving two regiments of Irregular Cavalry to watch the fords, and to prevent any marauding parties or bodies of the routed enemy from effecting a passage. On the same day a recounoisance was made of the enemy's position, and it was ascertained that their camp nearly encircled the town of Goojerat, their regular troops being placed immediately fronting us, between the town and a deep water course, the dry bed of the river Uwara. This nullah, which is very tortuous, passing round nearly two sides of the town of Goojerat, diverging to a considerable distance on the North and West faces, and then taking a southerly direction, riumiug through the centre Qf the ground I occupied at Shadewal. Thus the enemy's position on the right was greatly strengthened, the nullah giving cover to his Infantry in front of his guns, whilst another deep, though narrow wet nullah, running from the east of the town, and falhug into the Cheuab in the direction of Wuzeerabad, covered his left. ' The ground between these nullahs, for a space of nearly three miles, being well calculated for the operations of all arms, and presenting no obstacle to the movement of my heavy guns, I determined to make my principal attack in that direction, and disposed my force accordingly. i On tlie extreme left I placed the Bombay Column, commanded by the Honorable H. Dundas, sup- ported by Brigadier White's Brigade of Cavalry, and the Scinde Horse under Sir Joseph Thackwell, to protect the left, and to prevent large bodies of Sikh and Affghan Cavalry from turning that flank ; with this Cavalry I placed Captains Duncan and Iluish's Troop of Horse Artillery, whilst the Infantry was covered by the Bombay Troop of Horse Artillery under Major Blood. On the rigiit of the Bombay Colunui, and with its right resting on the nullah, I placed Brigadier- General Campbell's Division of Infantry, covered by No. 5 and No. 10 Light Field Batteries, under Major Ludlow and Lieutenant Robertson, having Brigadier Hoggan's Brigade of Infantry in reserve. Upon the right of the nullah I placed the Infantry Division of Major-General Sir W. Gilbert, the heavy guns, 1 8 in number, under Majors Day and Horseford, with Captain Shakespear and Brevet- Major Sir Richmond Shakespear commanding batteries, being disposed iu two divisions upon the flanks of his left brigade. This line was prolonged by Major-General Whish's Division of Infantry, with one Brigade of Infantry under Brigadier Markham iu support in second line, and the whole covered by three troops of Horse Artillery, Major l'\)rdyce's. Captains Mackenzie's and Anderson's, and No. 17 Light Field Battery under Captain Dawes, with Lieutenant-Colonel Lane's and Captain Kinleside's Troops of Horse Artillery in a second line in reserve under Lieutenant-Colonel Brinde. My right flank was protected by Brigadiers Hearsey's and Lockwood's Brigades of Cavalry, with Captain Warner's Troop of Horse Artillery. The 5th and (ith Light Cavaln,', with the Bombay Light Field Battery, and the 45th and ()9th Regi- ments under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer, most eflectually protected my rear and baggage. With my right wing I proposed penetrating the centre of the enemy's line so as to turn the position of their force in rear of the nullah, and thus enable my left wing to cross it with little loss, and in co-operation with the right to double upon the centre the wing of the enemy's force opposed to them. At half-past seven o'clock the army advanced in the order described with the precision of a parade ; movement. The enemy opened their fire at a very long distance, which exposed to my Artillery both 1 the position and range of their guns. I halted the Infantry just out of fire, and advanced the whole of my Artillery, covered by skirmishers. j The cannonade uow opened upon the enemy was the most magnificent I ever witnessed, and as I terrible in its efl'ects. I The Sikh guns were served with their accustomed rapidity, and the enemy well and resolutely i maintained his position ; but the terrific force of our fire obliged them, after an obstinate resistance, • to fall back. I then deployed the Infantry, and directed a general advance, covering the movement by m}' Artillerv' as before. The village of Burra Kalra, the left one of those of that name in which the enemy had concealed a , large body of Infantry, and which was, apparently, the key of their position, lay immediately iu the j hue of Major-General Sir Walter Gilljcrt's advance, and was carried, in the most brilliant style, by a I spirited attack of the .'Jrd Brigade, under Brigadier Penny, consisting of the 2nd Europeans, 31st and • 70th Regiments of Native Infantry, which drove the enemy from their cover, with great slaughter. j A very spirited and s\iccessful movement was also made, about the same time, against a heavy body j of the enemy's troops in and about second or Chotah Kalra by part of Brigadier Hervey's Brigade, most gallantly led by Lieutenant-Colonel Franks, of Her Majesty's 10th Foot. ! The heavy Artillery continued to advance with extraordinary celerity, taking up successive forward positions, driving the enemy from those they had retired to ; whilst the rapid advance and beautiful 224 RECORDS OF THE 2Ctli February, IH 19. fire of the Horse Artillery and Light Field Batteries, which I strengthened by bringing to the front the two reserved Troops of Horse Artillery, under Lieutenjint-Colonel Brinde, Brigadier Brooke having the | general superintendence of the whole of the Horse Artillery, broke the ranks of the enemy at all points. ' The whole Infantry line now rapidly advanced, and drove the enemy before it. The nullah was cleared, several villages stormed, the guns that were in position carried, the eamji captured, and the i enemy routed in every direction, — the right wing and Brigadier-General Campbell's Division passing in| pursuit to the eastward, the Bombay Cohimn to the westward, of the town. The retreat of the Sikh Army, thus hotly pressed, soon became a perfect flight, all arms dispersing over the country, rapidly pursued by our troops for a distance of twelve miles, their track strewed with their womided, their arms, and military equipments, which they threw away to conceal that they were soldiers. Throughout the operations thus detailed the Cavalry Brigades on the flanks were threatened and occasionally attacked by vast masses of the enemy's Cavalry, which were, in every instance, put to flight by the steady movements and spirited manoeuvres of our Cavalry, most zealously and judiciously supported by the Troops of Horse Artillery attached to them, from whom the enemy received the severest punishment. On the left a most successful and gallant charge was made upon the Affghan Cavalry and a large body of Goorohurras, by the Scinde Horse and a party of the 9th Lancers, when some standards were captured. The determined front shown by the 14th Light Dragoons and the other Cavalry Regiments on the right, both regular and irregular, completely overawed the enemy, and contributed much to the success of the day. The conduct of all in following up the fugitive enemy was beyond all praise. A competent force, under the command of Major-General Sir Walter Gilbert, resumed the pursuit towards the Jhelum on the following morning, with the view of cutting off the enemy from the only practicable gun-road to the Jhelum. Another Division of Infantry, under Brigadier-General Campbell, advanced on the road to Bimber, scouring the country in that direction, to prevent their carrying off the guns by that route ; and a body of Cavalry, under Lieutenant-Colonel Bradford, successfully pushed on several miles into the hills, and twenty-four from Goojerat, accompanied by that most energetic political officer, Captain Nicholson, for the same purpose ; whilst I remained in possession of the field for the purpose of supporting these operations, covering the fords of the Chenab, and destroying the vast magazines of ammunition left scattered in all directions. I am happy to add that these combinations have been entirely successful, the detached parties coming at every step on the wreck of the dispersed and flying foe. Having thus endeavoured to convey to your Lordship the particulars of the operations of the Battle of Goojerat, I beg now to offer my heartfelt congratulations to your Lordship, and to the Government " of India, upon the signal victory achieved, under the blessing of Divine Providence, by the united efforts and indomitable gallantry of the noble Army under my command — a victory, my Lord, as glorious to the Army that gained it, as it must be satisfactory to yourself and the Government of ' India from the very important and decisive results to be expected from it. It is quite impossible for me sufficiently to express my admiration of the gallant and steady conduct of the officers and men, as well Native as European, upon this occasion. The brilliant service they have performed in so signally defeating so vastly a superior force, amongst whom were the elite of the old Khalsa Army, making a last, united, and desperate struggle, will speak for itself, and will, I am confident, be justly estimated by your Lordship. I cannot too strongly express to your Lordship my deep sense of obligation to the General-Officers ! and Brigadier-Generals in command of Divisions, who so ably carried out my views, and directed the ] operations of their troops on this day. I beg to annex for your Lordship's information the reports I have received from them, and to bring most prominently to your Lordship's notice the Brigadiers commanding Brigades ; the Commanding Officers of Regiments and Troops of Horse Artillery and Light Field Batteries, and the several Officers of the Divisional and Brigade Staff, enumerated in these reports, in terms of such just commendation. I feel much indebted to Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell for the able and judicious manner he mancEuvred the Cavalry, with Horse Artillery attached on the left, keeping in check the immensely superior force of the enemy, whose main object was to turn ray flanks ; I am also greatly indebted to this tried and gallant officer for his valuable assistance and untiring exertions throughout the present and previous operations as second in command with this force. To Major-General Sir Walter Gilbert, whose services upon this, as on former occasions, were invaluable and ever marked by energy, zeal, and devotion, as well as to Major-General Whish, Brigadier-Generals Campbell and Dundas, for their able assistance I am deeply indebted. To Brigadier-General Tennant, commanding that splendid arm — the Artillery — to whose irresistible power I am mainly indebted for the glorious victory of Goojerat, I am indeed most gratefid. Con- spicuous as the Artillery has ever proved itself, never was its superiority over that of the enemy — its irresistible and annihilating power — more truthfully shown than in this battle. The Heavy Batteries manoeuvred with the celerity of Light Guns, and the rapid advance, the scientific and judicious selection of points of attack, the effective and well directed fire of the Troops of Horse Artillery and Light Field Batteries, merit my warmest praise ; and I beg most earnestly to recommend their brave and gallant Commanders, with several officers named in Brigadier-General Teunant's report, to your Lordship's most favorable notice. From Brigadier Cheape, the Chief Engineer, and the talented officers in that department, as named in the Brigadier's report, I have received the most valuable assistance in reconnoitring the enemy's position, and on the field of battle. The Sappers and Pioneers, under that most able officer Captain Siddons, did excellent service, and were ever in front to overcome any obstacle to the advance of the Artillery. To the Officers of the General Staff of Her Majesty's service ; Major Lugard, Acting Adjutant- General, and Lieutenant-Colonel Gough, Quarter-Master-General of Her Majesty's Forces in India, my best thanks are due ; their exertions upon the present occasion and throughout the recent operations were most valuable, and I beg to bring them under your Lordship's favorable notice. I am equally indebted to Captain Otter, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General of Her Majesty's Forces, for his valuable services. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 225 To the Officers of the General Staff of the Army, Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, Adjutant-General, and 26th February, 1849. Lieutenant-Colonel Garden, Quarter-Master-General, whose most onerous and very important duties have invariably been conducted to my entire satisfaction, I am under the greatest obligation. Their valuable assistance in the field, and their indefatigable exertions throughout operations of no ordinary character, deserve my warmest thanks and your I^ordship's ap[)robation. To Lieutenant-Coionel Birch, Judge-Advocate-General, I am nnich indebted for his assistance upon every occasion. To Major Tucker, Deputy Adjutant-General — a most gallant, energetic, and valuable officer ; to Lieutenant-Colonel Drummoiid, Deputy Quarter-Master-General, whose services have been very praise- worthy ; to Major Chester, Assistant Adjutant-General, and Lieutenant Tytler, Assistant Quarter- Master-General ; Lieutenant Johnson, Deputy Judge-Advocate-General ; Major G. Thomson, and Lieutenant-Colonel Curtis, Assistant-Commissary-General ; Captain C. Campbell, Paymaster to the Army, I offer my best thanks for their services whilst attending me in the field, and the efficient manner they have performed their several duties. Mr. Franklin, Inspector-General of Ucr ALijesty's Hospitals, has been unceasing in his exertions in rendering every aid to the sick and womided of the Royal Service, and giving the benefit of his long professional experience in such duties ; as has Dr. Renny, Superintending Surgeon of this Army, who has been indefatigable in his professional exertions and well-organized medical arrangements. I feel I cannot too prominently bring to notice the valuable exertions of Dr. Mac Rae, Field Surgeon, and of the Medical Officers of the Army generally ; they have been most unwearied and praiseworthy. To Captain Ramsay, Deputy Commissary-General, and to the Officers of his Department, I am much indebted, and feel grateful, for their unceasing and successful exertions, amidst all difficulties, to supply the troops, and thus preserve the efficiency of the Army. The Officers of my Personal Staff have well merited my best thanks and your Lordship's favorable notice ; — Captain Haines, Military Secretary, who has rendered me most valuable aid ; Brevet-Major Bates, A.D.C. ; Lieutenant A. Bagot, A.D.C. ; Lieutenant L. J. Hire, A.D.C. ; Captain Gabbett, A.D.C. ; Lieutenant G. Uardinge, A.D.C. ; and Lieutenant W. G. Prendergast, my Persian Interpreter. I beg also to acknowledge the valuable assistance I have received from the Political Officers, Major Mackeson, Mr. Cocks, Captain Nicholson, and Lieutenant Robison, both in the field and throughout the operations. I regret to add that Mr. Cocks was seriously wounded during the action in a rencontre with a Sikh horseman. I would bring to your Lordship's notice the name of Lieutenant Stannus, of the 5th Light Cavalry. This Officer has commanded the Cavalry party attached to my escort throughout the operations to my entire satisfaction. He was severely wounded on the 2 1st, when gallantly charging a party of the enemy's horsemen. Major Anstruther, of the Madras Artillery ; Lieutenant Mayne, of the Madras Cavalry ; and Captain Showers, of the 14th Native Infantry, attended me in the field. I have most unwillingly been delayed from sooner forwarding this despatch, from the circumstance of baring only this day received Brigadier-General the Honorable II. Duudas' Report, and some of the Casualty Returns have not even yet reached me. As soon as the whole come in, a full amended General Return shall be transmitted, without loss of time, for your Lordship's information. I have the pleasure to enclose a plan of the battle of Goojerat ; also Return of the captured Ordnance. I have, &c., (Signed) GOUGH, General, Commander-in-Chief in India. P.S. — The Casualty Lists having arrived, I have the honor to enclose the Return of Killed and Wounded, which I am sorrj' to see so much heavier than I at first anticipated. Several of these were occasioned by accidental explosions of the enemy's tumbrils and magazines after the action. (Signed) G. Jjg gg 22nd February, 1840. To Lieutenant-Colonel P. GRANT, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Sir, I have the honor to report, for the information of His Excellency the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, that the Bengal Artillery of the Army of the Punjaub were allotted as follows, during the action of yesterday : — LlEUTKNANT-CoLONEL C. GrANT. 1st Troop 3rd Brigade, Captain W. R. Warner. Attached to Brigadier Lockwood's Cavalry Brigade on the right. Major Garbett. 4th Troop 1st Brigade, Captain M. Mackenzie. 4th Troop 3rd Brigade, Captain J. Anderson. With the 1st Division of Infantry, commanded by Major-Gencral W. S. Whish, C.B. 2nd Troop 2nd Brigade, Major J. Fordyce. No. 17 Light Field Battery, Captain M. Dawes. With the 2nd Infantry Division, commanded by Major-Gencral Sir W. R. Gilbert, K.C.B. Major Mowatt. No. 5 Light Field Battery, Major E. Ludlow. No. 10 Light Field Battery, Lieutenant Robertson. With the 3rd Division of Infantry, under Brigadier-General Cam])bcll, C.B. 4lh Troop 2nd Brigade, Captain F. Duncan. 1st Troop 2n9 Cavalry; Lieutenant-Colonel King, 14 th Light Dragoons ; Captain Master, 11th Irregular Cavalry; iand February, 184'.t. and Lieutenant Robarts, 14th Irregular Cavalry ; and Lieutenant-Colonel Doherty, who commanded the reserve. I am also under the greatest obligations to my Brigade-Major, Captain Yule, 9th Lancers, for the essential assistance he rendered me, not only during the action, but during the period I have commanded the 'Jnd Brigade. ' I have, &c., (Signed) G. H. LOCKWOOD, Commanding 2nd Cavalry Brigade. To Captain PRATT, Assistant Adjutant-General, Cavalry Division. 23rd February, IKCy. Sir, Camp, near Korea, February 23 rd, 1849. I have the honor to report to Sir Joseph Thackwell, K.C.B. and K.H., Commanding the Cavalry Division of the Army of the Punjaub, for the information of His Excellency the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, that agreeably to instructions received from Captain Pratt, Assistant Adjutant- General, Cavalry Division, I joined, at about 8.30, a.m., of the morning of the 21st instant, the Brigade of Cavalry on the right under Brigadier Lockwood, with the 3rd and 9th Irregular Cavalry ; and, as Senior Cavalry Officer in the field on that flank, I assumed command of the whole of that arm, as detailed in the margin, and a Troop of Horse Artillery, under Captain Warner. Soon after, the action commenced by a cannonade, and heavy bodies of Horse, amongst them, apparently, a Regular Regiment, showed in our front. The Cavalry under ray command advanced towards them, and the troop of Horse Artillery was sent to the front with its support (a Scpiadron of Her Majesty's 14th Dragoons and a Squadron of Irregular Horse), and opened a well-directed fire of round and shra|)nell, which made the enemy fall back to a respectable distance. On this, very numerous bodies of Horse went off to our right, ap])arently with the intention of turning that flank. I mancEuvred to the right with the Irregular Brigade, and kept them in check. About this time I received orders from His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief not to separate the left of the Cavalry too far from the column of Infantrv advancing in that direction. I was, therefore, necessitated to close to the left, which I did with Brigadier Lockwood's Brigade. At the same time, as they again pressed on my right, I ord-red three guns to support it, the fire from which made the enemy again draw off. I now observed it was their determination to turn the right ; and, as I had been joined by Colonel Doherty with two Sc|uadrous, I placed him to fill the gap on my left, and ordered Brigadier Lockwood's Brigade and three guns to join the Irregulars on that flank. This checked the enemy ; but a very large body now advanced on the space on our left. I immediately opposed it with the Irregular Brigade and Brigadier Lockwood's with a half Battery, and the enemy was again foiled ; but they, perceiving I had only the Artillery supjjorts and Ressalah of Horse, under the command of Lieutenant Robarts, on my extreme right, made a last effort to turn it. This was promptly met by the 3rd and 9th Irregulars being sent in that direction, the 9th advancing to meet them with the half battery ; thus foiled, they returned to our left, Major Christie following their movement. This was their last attempt. A troop of Horse Artillery, with supports of Squadron of 9th Irregulars, commanded by Lieutenant and Adjutant Tytler, pushed to the front, and got under the fire of their .\rtillery, when several men and horses suft'ered from round shot. It was now apparent, from the distance of the sound of our guns, that the enemy were in retreat, and Major Mackeson informed me it was His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief's wish that all the Cavalry should i)ursue, and prevent the enemy carrying off their guns. I immediately directed Brigadier Lockwood's Brigade to take a sweep to the right, and pushed on myself with the 3rd Irregulars and Lieutenant Robarts' Ressalah with Captain Warner's Troop of Horse Artillery ; the 9th Irregulars and 1 1th under Captain Master, following as soon as they could get clear off a deep and quaggy nullah, and we perceived the enemy in full retreat after a canter of four miles. The Artillery opened upon the masses of men, whilst the Cavalry advanced on the flank and overtook them near the village of Runnewall, where a great many of the Bunnoo troops were sabred and shot. In this manner the pursuit contiuucd until a deep nullah prevented the Horse Artillery getting on without delay. Here I left them with two S(|uadrons, and pushed on again, overtaking another body, and punishing them. I detached Cajjtain Biddulpb with half a Ressalah to ascertain the cause of a heavy cloud of dust to our left. He reported it was Sir J. Thackwell's Division ; and 1 soon after heard his battery of Horse Artillery open. Both Divisions of Cavalry were now closing on the enemy ; and Captain Biddulpb was so fortunate as to capture five guns, and Major Christie another that had been left in a nullah by the retreating foe. (Major Christie informs me that this gun would have been left behind if he had not made great exertions in having it brought into camp ; he lUsclaims the captiu-e of it. — J. B. II.) The pursuit continued to the village of Sainthul, when I met and reported to Sir J. Thackwell, and from whence we returned to camp. The distance the Cavalry under my connnand went over in pursuit was fifteen miles. We did not get to the camp of the Irregulars near the Burradurree of Goojerat until 10 o'clock at night, and had thus been fifteen hours on horseback. I have every reason to be pleased with the conduct of all the Officers under my command. Some lUfference arose as to carrymg my orders into effect by Brigadier Lockwood, in consequence of his recci\ing directions from supreme authority, of which I was not at the time aware ; but I found him most zealous and desirous of having an opportimity to charge the enemy at the head of Her Majesty's 14th Dragoons. The conduct of that Regiment throughout the day was most exemplary and steady ; and I have not the least doubt, had an opportunity occurred, it would have been most eagerly seized, to the utter destruction of any body opposed to it. Brigadier Lockwood's Report will bear testimony to the energy of Officers commanding Regiments in his Brigade, as I do most assm-edly of those Officers commanding in the Regiments of Irregular Cavalry. My thanks are due to Major Tait, C.B., commanding 3rd Irregulars ; Major Christie, connnaiuling 9th Irregulars ; Captain Master, com- mauding 1 1th Irregulars ; and Lieutenant Robarts, connnanding a Ressalah of the I4th Irregulars. The conduct of the Horse Artillery was beyond all praise ; and I feel much indebted to Captain Warner, his officers and men, for the able manner in which that noble arm was employed. tt 2 Brigadier Locliwood's Brigade. H.M. 14tb Dragoons. 1st Light Cavaliy. Capt. Waruer's Troop Horse Artillery. Captaia Fordyce's at the end of the action. Irregular Brigade. 3rd Irregular Cavalry. 9th do. do. nth do. do. 1 3th 1st Squadron. 230 RECORDS OF THE 23rd February, 1849. I feel myself mucli indebted also to Lieutenant Neville Chamberlain, Brigade-Major 4th Brigade Irregular Cavalry, for his assistance in the field during the forenoon, which I cannot too much appreciate, and for the example he set in several hand-to-hand affairs with a furious and exasperated enemy during: the pursuit. Lieutenant Crawford Chamberlain, second in command 9th IrregiUar Horse, although still suffering from his wound, was present with the Regiment the whole day, thus showing his usual energy. Lieutenant and Adjutant Tytler, 9th Irregulars, also brought to my notice the steadiness of a Squadron of that Regiment, when under severe Artillery fire, by which one suwar was killed, and several men and horses wounded. I shall forward a List of Casualties as soon as I can get them from the different Officers in command of Regiments and Parties ; but from the constant marching we have had since the battle of Goojerat, and the inclement weather we are now enduring, I have not as yet been able to get them. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) J. B. HEARSEY, Brigadier 4th Brigade, Commanding Cavalry on the Right Flank of the Army. P.S. — I have just got the Return of Casualties of the 3rd and 9th Irregular Cavalry, which I have the honor to enclose. 22nd Ft'bruary, 1849. No. 1. To the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE ARMY. Head Quarters, Camp, Goojerat, Febraary 22nd, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to report, for the information of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, that the 1st Infantry Division, with Horse Artillery attached (as detailed per margin from right to 4th Troop 1st Brigade, Horse Artillery.— Captain McKenzie. 'eft), marched out about 7-.^, A.M., yesterday, the 1st Brigade {52n(I Regiment Native Infantry. commanded by Brigadier Hervey, in quarter distance columns of Her Majesty's 10th Foot. Regiment, right in front, at deploying distance, with a Troop of .... T^. , J D • J 8th Regiment Nativelnfantry ^j^^j^g jjo^ge Artillery on either flank, drawn up in corresponding 4th Iroop 3rd Bngade, Horse Artillery. — Captain J. Anderson , "^ r i o (except two guns at Wuzeerabad). °^^^' i-n-i- iiit.-i-i.i,i 3rd Company of Pioneers.— Lieutenant McMuUin. In Reserve. The 2nd Bngade m reserve, commanded by Bngadier Markham, f 51st Regiment Native Infantry. and 300 to 400 yards in rear, proceeded in contiguous quarter 2nd Infantry Brigade i Her Majesty's 23rd Foot. distance columns. 1 72nd Regiment Native Infantry. ^-^p^ advancing about two miles more, the enemy opened their fire ; and after the army had made some further progress, both Brigades, agreeably to His Lordship's orders (and taken up from the left) deployed, the Horse Artillery conforming thereto. Immediately afterwards the troops of Horse Artillery and skirmishers (of the 1st Brigade) were ordered to the front, the latter at 300 yards' distance. I then requested Brigadier Markham to take ground to the left, that the interval made by the advance of Captain Anderson's four guns might be covered by the 72nd Native Infantry. Both troops began a spirited cannonade and continued it for about three hours, at the rate of 40 rounds per gun, per hour, until the enemy's guns in our front (hke those I believe in front of every part of the line through a similar treatment) were silenced. During the cannonade, on first receiving an order for the further advance of both troops, I learnt from Major Garbett, who was in command of them, that the guns on our left front had had so many horses killed and disabled, that they must await the arrival of others from the rear, which I observed were making quick progress to their troops ; and which shortly afterwards, I regret to say, lost its gallant Captain, who was mortally wounded by a caunou ball ; the duties continued, however, to be efficiently prosecuted under the superintendence of Lieutenants Francis and Mecham, to the former of whom the command immediately devolved. After this, both troops being well advanced to the front, and the enemy making one or two threatening demonstrations, I thought it right to make a requisition on the Cavalry for a small detachment for their protection, which was promptly compHed with by Brigadier Lockwood. On the advance of the line being directed, the right Brigade found the enemy's Infantry in great force in its front, with a strong body of Cavalry on their left, which rendered it necessai-y for Brigadier Hervey to make a short flank movement to the right, and throw back the 52nd Native Infantrj', in order to counteract any attack the enemy might have in contemplation. As this unavoidably caused a great gap in the line, I thought it advisable to direct Brigadier Markham at once to occupy it by his Brigade, which was accordingly done, and the arrangement immediately reported to His Excellency. The enemy were otherwise preparing to take advantage of the opening ; but on seeing the 2nd Brigade advancing to it, halted, and gave a few rounds of grape and matchlock fire, which was returned with full effect by file firing from the Right Divisions and Lieutenant Francis' guns, which latter were being replenished with ammunition, and for the moment in rear of the Infantry. Lieutenant Need, Aide-dc-Camp, on noticing the enemy's Cavalry and Infantry immediately in front of the 2nd Brigade, had made known the same to Lieutenants Francis and Mecham, who, on his suggestion, instantly galloped to the front through an interval made for the purpose by Her Majesty's 32ud Regiment ; and, with a few rounds of grape, co-operated with the Infantry, who were advancing to charge, in sending back the enemy in great confusion. In the flank movement by the 1st Brigade, already adverted to, and which, under a heavy fire from the enemy of round grape and matchlock, with the re-formation to line (in discovering that the enemy did not make the anticipated attack), was effected in the most steady and orderly manner. Captain Mackenzie, by his able and judicious co-operation, made his Troops particularly useful ; and on the enemy's declining to receive the charge of Her Majesty's 10th, and the 8th and 52ud Native Infantry, poured in such a continued fire of shrapnell and round upon their retiring masses as — with what had occurred from the 2nd Brigade — effectually to prevent any further threat or molestation to the division under my command ; and, as far as I could observe, every part of the line had been equally successful in defeating the purposes of the enemy, who, long before noon, must have discovered that the entire loss of their guns, ammunition, camp equipage, and cattle, was inevitable. I SCINDK IRREGULAR HORSE. 2.31 On reaching Goojerat the 2n(l Brigade, agreeabl}' to His Lordship's orders, coinnicnccd collecting 22iid February, 1849. the enerav's abandoned guns, 19 of which were sent in by them forthwitli, and occupied the town with the following details, under Major Case, Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment (which was afterwards reinforced by the 36th Regiment Native Infantry). Two Companies Her ^Majesty's 32nd Regiment, under Captain Pigott. Two Companies 51st Regiment Native Infantry, under Lieutenant Wallace. Possession of the eight gates was first taken, and then the fort, where about eighty of the enemy laid down their arms, and were made over as prisoners to the 36th Regiment Native Infantry, with other small parties found in different parts of the town, that, with few exceptions, made no resistance. The above four companies caj)tured a gun, standard, and some horses, with the loss of one man killed of Her Majesty's 32nd, and an officer of the same corps wounded. Lieutenant Jeffrey. The first Brigade, on halting here, detached a sub-division of Her Majesty's 10th Regiment, and the Grenadier Company of 52nd Native Infantrv, to expel a party of 200 of the enemy in occupation of the temple and garden, in rear of wliich the 8tii Regiment Native Infantry is now encamped, which was effected with trifling loss on our side, but the enemy had thirty or forty killed and wounded, and a great number taken prisoners. It is particularlv satisfactorv to me to bring to the favorable notice of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief, the condnct of the Division under my command, during the services of yesterday, performed under His Lordship's immediate orders and direction, and consisting of, in fact, the Horse Artillery and Infantrj- of the (Bengal) Mooltau field force, with the exception of 49th Regiment Native Infantry on detached duty. Brigadiers Heney and Markhara conducted their Brigades under the various circumstances of the day (some of which I have briefly specified) in a manner that merits the strongest commendation, and they were, as heretofore, admirably supported by the officers in command of regiments, ^^z. : — Lieutenant-Colonel Franks, C.B., Her Majesty's 10th Regiment. Ditto Brooke do. ' 32nd do. Major Farquharsou, Sth Regiment Native Infantry, and on his being severely wounded, Brevet-Major Williams. Brevet-Major Griffin, 51st Regiment Native Infantry. Captain Jamieson, 52nd do. do. do. do. Lloyd 72nd do. do. do. I cordially unite with both Brigadiers in the expression of thanks to the above officers for the intelligence and zeal with which they carried out their orders, and to all the officers and men under their command for the steadiness and prompt obedience so uniformly evinced throughout the Division. Brigadier Ilervey acknowledges the ser\ices of his Brigade-Major, Ca[)tain Wiggins, in high terms of commendation ; and the active assistance be received throughout the day from Lieutenant B. Reid (8-4th Regiment Native Infantry), Interpreter to Her Majesty's 10th Regiment ; as does Brigadier Markhani those of his Brigade-Major, Captain Balfour, Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment (who has hap[)ily recovered from the wound he received in the action of the 1 2th September last) ; and of Ensign Fraser, 23rd Regiment, appointed Acting Interpreter of 49th Regiment Native Infantry, who is awaiting the arrival of this Regiment from Mooltan, and wlio gladly made his services useful to the Brigadier. To Major Garbett, commanding the Horse Artillers- attached to my Dinsion, my best acknow- ledgments are due, for his unremitting attention to both Troops under his command, and particularly in matters the officers commanding them were not so able of themselves to give directions about. He mentions in the highest tenus, as does Brigadier Hervey, Captain Mackenzie and his Troop ; and notices that after the lamented death of Captain J. Anderson, tlie four guns of his Troop were well com- manded by Lieutenant Francis ; and I heartily concur in the testimony he bears to the admirable conduct of the officers and men of both Troojis, who worked their guns with a rapidity and precision that would have been impracticable, except from their uniform coolness and steadiness, under a heavy fire from the enemy at both positions, first at 1,000 yards, and secondly at 500 yards. Major Garbett also notices in most favorable tenus the able assistance rendered him by Lieutenant D. Teissier, Acting Adjutant 1st Brigade Horse Artillerj'. Lieutenant McMidlin and his Company of Pioneers deserve much credit, having continued with the 4th Troop 1st Brigade Honse Artillery, and rendered useful service whenever called upon. Having but recently had my attention drawn to the circumstances I am about to mention, I think, in justice to the gallant officer affected by them, I may be permitted so to do, though they refer to anterior conflicts with the enemy. On the 12th September last, after Lieutenant-Colonel Pattoun was mortally wounded, the command of the six Companies, Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment, devolved on Major Inglis ; and through the exertions of the gallant Troops employed, the enemy's strong position was carried ; and a similar resnlt occurred on the "th of November last, when, from Lieutenant-Colonel Brooke having the command of one of the two columns of attack, that of Her Majesty's 32nd Regiment again devolved on Major Inglis, whose conduct in that important trust was highly satisfactory to the Brigadier commanding ; and I have, accordingly, great satisfaction in soliciting the favorable notice of His Excellency to the same. Major Napier, attended by Lieutenant Greathed, of Engineers, who was attached for the day to the two divisions on the right, aided me much by occasionally reconnoitring jjositions wc were approaching, and in giving me the advantage of his reconnoissance of the preceding day. Captain Glasfurd and Lieutenant R. B. Smith, of Engineers, having been directed to join me, were extremely useful during the day ; and I feel nmch indebted to both, as also to Captain Cheape, 51st Native Infantry, late Treasurer to the Mooltan Field Force, who attended me throughout, and for whom it was not difficult to find frc(iuent and active em])loynuiit. Major 15ecber, Assistant Quurter-Master-General, and Ca]>lain Whisb, Deputy-Assistant Adjutant- General of the Division, as also my Aides-de-tjamj), Captain J. C. Kennicly, Her Majesty's ISth Foot, and Lieutenant A. Need, Her Majesty's 1 Itli Light Dragoons, afforded me every assistance, and are entitled to my best thanks for their attention and zeal. The horse of the D<'])nty-Assistant Adjutant- General, from whieli he had just dismounted, having, on the commencement of our cannonade, lieen severely wounded by a cannon shot, it was some time before another could join from the rear, and intermediately a camel served him as a tolerable substitute. a 3 232 RECORDS OF THE •22nd February, 1849. 24th February, 1H49. 3rd Brigade. 3 1st Regiment Native Infantry. 2nd European Regi- ment. 70th Regiment Native Infantry. 41 fi Brirjade. 30tli Regiment Native Infantry. Her Majesty's 29th Foot. 56th Regiment Native Infantry. 23rd Fcbniary, 1S49 I beg respectively, in conclusion, to offer to the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Cliief my hearty congratulations on the complete success of His Lordship's arrangements for the day ; and on aa issue which, under Divine Providence, has been permitted to be most triumphant. I have, &e., (Signed) W. S. WHISH, Major-General, Commanding 1st Infantry Division, Army of the Punjaub. Sir, Camp, Nowrungabad, 24th February, 1849. I have to apologise for the delay which has taken place in complying with General Orders of the 21st instant, directing reports of the proceedings of the Troops employed against the enemy to be forwarded, for the information of His Excellency the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief ; but having been, as you are aware, constantly on the move since the morning after the action near Goojerat, in pursuit of the fugitive Sikh Army, I have not had an opportunity of doing so. I have now to re])ort, for the information of His Lordship, that the 2nd Infantry Division, consisting of the Troops mentioned in the margin, advanced from Shadawalla on the morning of the 21st instant, in line of quarter distance columns, at deploying distance, leaving a Battery of heavy guns, under Major Ilorsford, of Artillery, between the two Brigades, No. 1 7 Light Field IJattery, under command of Captain Dawes, and Brevet-Major Fordyce's Troop of Horse Artillery, between the Right Regiments of the Left and Right Brigades respectively. Having received orders to push forward my Light Troops, to force the enemy to show their position, I immediately advanced the Troop of Horse Artillery and Dawe's Light Field Battery, which instautly drew a very heavj' aud well-directed fire from two large Batteries, which the enemy had established on either side of the village of Kalerah, by which they were nearly screened from the fire of our guns, which with the hght companies were then still further pushed forward, followed by the division which had deployed into line. The heavy guns in oiu' centre at this time opening a very destructive cannonade. Up to this time the village above-named seemed to be unoccupied, and I directed a party of Infantry to take possession of it. Upon the approach of this party a tremendous fire of nuisketry was opened from the walls, which were loopholed in every direction ; the 2nd European Regiment was then ordered tip in support, under the command of Major Steel, and soon carried it after a most obstinate resistance, in which that gallant regiment suffered rather severely, as well as upon its emerging from the village ; soon after which the enemy left many of their guns and fled in the greatest confusion. It affords me highest satisfaction to record the valuable services of Brigadier A. S. H. Mountain, C.B., and Brigadier N. Penny, C.B., who led the 2nd European Regiment to the attack of the village in the most gallant and exemplary manner. I should wish particularly to mention the very great assistance I received from Major Horsford, commanding the Heavy Battery, and Major Fordyce, commanding 2nd Troop 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery, and Captain Dawes, coinmanchug No. 1 7 Light , Field Battery ; it is impossible to praise too highly their conduct and that of all those under their command. I beg likewise to bring to His Excellency's notice the valuable assistance I received from my divisional and personal Staff, Brevet-Captain J. A. D. Fergusson, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General ; Lieutenant A. S. Galloway, Deputy Assistant Quarter-Master-General, Lieutenant-Colonel Aide-de- Carap ; Captain Sherwill and Lieutenant MacDonell, Majors of Brigade ; and Captain Goldie aud Lieutenant Irwin, of the Engineers. Captain W. P. Robbins, 15th Native Infantry, who acted as my Aide-de-Camp during the action, afforded me great and active assistance, as did also Lieutenant H. B. Hopper, 3 1st Native Infantry (Orderly Officer). My warmest thanks are due to Lieutenant-Colonel Congreve, C.B., Her Majesty's 29th Foot ; Lieutenant-Colonel Jack, 30th Native Infantry; and Lieutenant-Colonel Holmes, Sfith Native Infantrv; and to Majors J. Steel, 2nd European Regiment; W. R. Corfield, 31st Native Infantry; and J. 11. McCausland, 70th Native Infantry (severely wounded in the attack on the village of Kalerah), for the exemplary manner in which they led their Regiments. I trust I may be permitted to bring to His Excellency's notice the name of Brevet-Captain G. Gordon, .^Oth Native Infantry, Officiating Sub- Assistant Commissary-General, who, at my request, destroyed the enemy's camp equipage and loose ammunition. The conduct of all the troops under my command, European and Native, under a terrific and well- directed cannonade, was such as to call forth my highest commendation. In conclusion, I regret that, in consequence of our being so constantly on the move since the action, I am unable to forward herein the Returns of Casualties ; but I shall do myself the honour to transmit them with the least possible delay. I have &c.. (Signed) W. R. GILBERT, Major-General, Commanding 2nd Infantry Division, Army of the Punjaub. P.S. — In the absence of the regular Returns, I may here add that the amount of loss is very trifling, considering the heavy fire kept up by the enemy's Artillery on the centre of the Division, where the heavy guns were, the 2nd European Regiment having only lost 8 men killed, and 135 wounded; the 31st Native Infantry, II men killed and 131 wounded; and 70th Native Infantry 10 killed, 40 wounded. In the 4th Brigade, Her Majesty's 29th Regiment lost only 2 men and G wounded ; the 30th Native Infantry, 3 men wounded ; and the 56th Native Infantry, only 1 man wounded. Sir, To Lieutenant-Colonel GRANT, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Camp, Dowlutnugger, February 23rd, 1849. I have the honor to report to you, for the information of the Right Honorable the Commander- in-Chief, that, in obeihencc to the orders I received from llis Lordship at daylight of the 2 1st instant, I formed the Brigades of the 3rd Division, commanded by Brigadiers Carnegie and McLeod, with the SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 233 Light Field Batteries attached to them, close to the left bank of the nullah which passed in front of 23rd February, 18-19. the village of Shadewal, a little after 7, a.m. The Brigade, under Brigadier Iloggan, was formed at the same time in rear, to act as a reserve to the whole force intended to be employed on that side of the nullah. In the advance to tlie attack of the enemy's position, His Lordship desired me to keep dose to the left side of the nullah, and to preserve my communication with the heavy guns, which were placed on the opposite bank. His Lordship further directed me to approach, but not to pass that part of the nullah behind which the right of the enemy's army was formed, without further instructions from him. With a view to the efiFcctu'al fulfilment of His Lordshi|)'s wishes, to maintain close communication witli the heavy guns on my right and to prevent their molestation by the enemy from the nullah, I directed the Light Company of Her Majesty's 24th to occupy and move along the nullah in advance of the heavy guns ; and, to render the communication more secure, I supported this Company with two guns from No. 10 Light Field Battery, which moved close along the bank of the nullah. The two Brigades were fonned, in the first instance, in contiguous columns of Regiments (the Brigades at full distance), covered by a strong line of skirmishers, and these immediately supported by Nos. 5 and 10 Light Field Batteries, attached to them respectively. These skirmishers connnuni- cated, on the left, with those covering the front of the Division, which were likewise supported by the Troop of Horse .\rtillerv belonging to that force. The whole line moved forward at a (piarter before 8, A.M., in this order, with the regularity of troops at a review. The country we passed over in our advance was perfectly level, highly cultivated, and without an obstruction, being merely dotted here and there with an occasional tree. At half-past nine, the skirmishers having arrived within long range of the enemy's guns, the columns were deployed into line, when we again moved forward. At this time the right wing of the enemy's army was plainly to be seen, formed directly in our front, beyond a turn in the nullah which seemed to run parallel to the front of their position, in the centre of which, and nearly opposite to Nos. 5 and 10 Light Field Batteries, they had two very heavy gims and several six and nine poimder field guns, which then opened fire ; that from the former, hi the first instance, caused some loss in the Batteries ; and here it was, I regret to say, that Lieutenant Day of the .\rtillery, a very brave and most promising young officer, was killed by a cannon ball. The line moved onwards to the front, keeping in comTiiunication with and, as much as possible, in the aligncmeut of the heavy guns, while the Field Batteries kept up so destructive a fire upon the enemy in their front, in position behind the nullah, that they finally obliged the whole force to abandon it, and take shelter under cover of the bank of the nullah ; and from which they were, afterwards, driven in confusion and flight by an enfilading fire from the same Field Batteries. .\bout three-quarters of an hour before the enemy had been finally driven in flight from the nullah and from the field, a great effort was made by many, apparently of the principal chiefs, to bring forward a large bodv of their Cavalry, which was followed in a tumultuous manner by the Lifantry, which had taken shelter in the nullah to attack the centre of the Bombay Division. This attack was taken in flank by No. 5 Field Battery, and caused great loss to the enemy both in his short advance and subsequent retreat. The Lifantry of the 3rd Division had not occasion to fire a shot, the enemy were driven from their different positions, and from the field, by the fire of these two Field Batteries, aided by that of the Bombay Troop of Horse Artillerj'. I cannot find language to express my sense of the calm, steady, and admirable manner in which these two Batteries were commanded and worked by Major Mowatt, the Commanding Officer, and by Major Ludlow and Lieutenant Robertson, the former commanding No. 5, the latter No. 10 Battery, nor am I able adequately to express my admiration of the bravery and gallantry of the other officers of these Batteries and of their non-commissioned officers and men, all of whom I beg to recommend, in an especial manner, to the favorable notice of the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief. .\fter the troops had crossed the nullah I received His Lordship's orders to follow the troops of the right wing in their movement towards the East side of Goojerat, while the Bombay Division passed the town on the other side. After clearing the town, the Division again resumed its communication with the Bombay troops, and proceeded with them in advance together with the troops of '2nd Division on our right, until ordered to halt and encamp. I beg leave to bring to the favorable notice of the Commander-in-Chief the conduct of Brigadiers Carnegie and McLeod, to whom I feel much indebted for the brave example they set their men, and for the officer-like manner in which they managed their respective Brigades during the day ; Brigadier Hoggan, commanding the Reserve, was under the immediate orders of Brigadier-General Dundas on the left. The two former Brigadiers speak in strong terms of the merits and services during the day of their respective Brigade-Majors, Captain Clarke, of the 25th Native Infantry, and Captain Keiller, of the 6th Native Infantry, and I can confirm their opinion of the zeal, activity, and value of these officers' services from my own personal observation. I beg also to recommend to the favorable notice of the Commander-in-Chief the conduct of the several officers commandinc regiments, who all set an example of the greatest gallantry to their respective corps, viz., Lieutenant-Colonel Smith, Her Majesty's 2 Itb Regiment ; Lieutenant-Colonel Corbett, 2oth Native Infantry; Lieutenant-Colonel Jones, Her Majesty's (ilst; Major Tudor, Kith Native Infantry, and Captain Lang, 36th Native Infantry. They are all truly deserving of His Lordship's favorable notice and approbation. Lieutenant-Colonel Jones, of Her Majesty's til st, speaks in terms of praise of the assistance he received from the two Majors of that Regiment, Major Campbell and Major Stephens ; raid Lieutenant-Colonel Smith, of Her Majesty's 2 1th Regiment, in a similar manner notices the conduct of Major Blackford, of that corps. I received during the day the most cordial and valuable assistance from Major Ponsonby, -Assistant Adjutant-General of the Division, with whom I found a real pleasure in being associated on service, and to whom I owe great obligation for the able and careful manner in which he conducts the duties of his department. I beg to recommend to the particular notice of His Lordship the Commander-in-Chief the conduct of Ensign Garden, Deputy .Assistant Quarter-Master-General, to whom I am also under many obligations for the zeal and abililv with which he performs his various duties. q4 234 RECORDS OF THE 23rd February, 1849. Captain Durand and Lieutenant Morton, of the Engineers, were attached to the 3rd Division during the action, and accompanied me during the day ; they rendered me valuable assistance, and I owe to them, accordingly, my warmest acknowledgments. I cannot conclude this report without also bringing to the notice of the Commander-in-Chief the willing and valuable assistance afforded me by my Aide-de-Camp, Captain Hawthorne, and also by my brother officer, Lieutenant Shadwell, of Her Majesty's 98th Regiment, who was present in the action as a volunteer. I beg herewith to enclose a return of the killed and wounded, together with a present state of the troops actually engaged, and returns of the quantity of ammunition expended. I have, vS:c., (Signed) C. CAMPBELL, Brigadier-General, Commanding 3rd Division, Army of the Punjaub. 22n(l Felniiary, 1K49. No. 149 of 1849. From Brigadier-General H. DUNDAS, C.B., Commanding Bombay Column, Army of the Punjaub, to the ADJUTANT-GENERAL of the Bengal Army. Head Quarters, Camp, Saikerwalla, 22nd February, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to inform you that, agreeably to the orders I received, the Bombay Infantry Division was formed on the left of the line. I advanced for some distance in contiguous columns at quarter distance ; the 60th Rifles, under Lieutenant-Colonel Bradshaw, and 3rd Troop Horse Artillery, under Major Blood, being thromi in advance. The Division deployed into line, and gradually advanced as tbe attack on the right developed itself. A party of the enemy's Horse made a demonstration of attacking the line, but speedily moved oflT to their own right on receiving one or two rounds from Major Blood's Troop. A Battery of the enemy, which was in front of the Bengal Division, was also quickly silenced by this Troop, which made excellent practice. The Division kept gradually advancing without firing a shot, the enemy moving off so fast we could not reach him, the Artillery taking every advantage of opening its fire that was afforded. The Lifantry kept constantly advancing, passing through the enemy's camp, which was left standing, and round the town of Goojerat on the left, bringing up the left shoulders. The ground at the first was studded with bushes and hedges of prickly pear, which caused some delay in getting through ; and on reaching tlie open country again, not a sign of the enemy was to be seen. Two guns were abandoned by him on this side of the town. Not a casualty occurred in the Infantry Division or in the Troop, with the exception of two horses. The Troop afterwards accompanied Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell's Division of Cavalry in pursuit of the enemy ; and it has been reported to me by Brigadier Leeson, commanding Bombay Artillery, that it rendered good service. The Scinde Horse, under Lieutenant Malcolm, having been attached for the day to Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell's Division, I had not an opportunity of witnessing a most successful and gallant charge which was made by that distinguished regiment against a party of the enemy's Horse, which was completely overthrown, with the loss of their standards ; and the attempt to turn our left, which the enemy showed a disposition to try, altogether frustrated. This success was not gained without some loss, which amounted to three killed, and sixteen or seventeen wounded. The Field Battery, under Captain Turnbull, was attached to the force protecting the baggage, where the troops never came in contact with the enemy, who moved off with the utmost rapidity ; there is little room for remark on their conduct, beyond making a steady and regular advance, and for a long distance, and preserving a good order of formation. I had every reason to be satisfied with the conduct of all, and my thanks are due to Brigadier Capon, connnanding the 1st Infantry Brigade ; to Lieutenant-Colonel Bradshaw, commanding 60th Rifles ; Major Hallett, connnanding 3rd Regiment Native Infiintry ; Major Mignon, commanding 1st Bombay Fusiliers; Major Mant, commanding 19th Regiment Native Infantry; Brigadier Leeson, commanding the Artillery, rendering every assistance ; and Major Blood, in command of the Troop, is entitled to every credit for the efficient service the Troop was enabled to perform. The steady and good order in which the Brigade of the Bengal Army moved, under Brigadier Hoggan, which was in support of the Bombay Division, was very praiseworthy. I am indebted to the Officers of the Divisional Staff for the active assistance they afforded me. Major Green, Assistant Adjutant-General ; Captain Hart, Deputy-Assistant Adjutant-General ; Captain Barasay, the Assistant Quarter-Master-General ; Captain Skinner, the Deputy Judge-Advocate- General ; Major St. John, Paymaster-General; Lieutenant Mules, of the 1st Fusiliers, Postmaster; Lieutenant Ward, 60th Rifles, my Aide-de-Camp ; and Lieutenant Crawley, 15th Hussars, Aide-de- Camp to ^lajor-General Aitchison, commanding Mysore Division, who oflSciated as my Aide-de-Camp. Brigadier Capon also reports favorably of the assistance he derived from Captain Stiles, Major of Brigade, and Lieutenant Gordon, 60th Rifles, who ofliciated as Aide-de-Camp ; Lieutenant Stevenson, Brigade-Major of Artillery, rendered every assistance in his department. The Sappers and IMiners, imder Lieutenant Kendall, were kept prepared for any duty that might have beeu required, in sloping down nullahs for the guns, &c., but the ground was so favorable for the movement of the Troo])s that their exertions were not required in this duty. My thanks are also due to Captain Threshie, Assistant Commissary-General, on this occasion, as also for the efficient manner in which the duties of his department have been conducted. Lieutenant Henry, I !Hh Regiment Native Infantry, Aide-de-Camp to the Honorable the Governor of Bombay, and who was placed in ])olitical charge of the prisoner of war, the Dewan Moolraj, joined me in the afternoon, having ridden post from Lahore on purpose to be present, after delivering over charge of his prisoner on the 20th instant. Herewith I enclose a list of casualties, which is principally in horses, together with a return of [ ammunition expended. I have, &c., (Signed) H. DUNDAS, Brigade-General, Commanding Bombay Column, Army of the Punjaub. Head Quarters, Bombay Column, Camp, Saikerwalla, the 22nd February, 1849. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 235 From .Major J. S. LEESOX, Brigadier, Commauding Artillery Brigade, Bombay Division, to the ^2nd February, 1849. ASSISTANT ADJUTANT-GENERAL, Bombay Division. Sir, Camp, Goojerat, 22nd February, 1849. In compliance with your order, I have the honor to report that the 3rd or Major Blood's Troop of Horse .\rtillery was ordered to accompany the Cavalry Division, under General Sir Joseph Tliackwell, K.C.B!, at about half-past one yesterday, to follow the enemy, who were then retreating. ■\Vith this Troop I proceeded, accompanied l)y Lieutenant Hamilton and my Staff. ,\ftcr proceeding at a trot and gallop for about nine miles, we joined the Cavalry Division, and soon joined the enemy's rear ; and, at a distance of about -100 yards, opened fire with manifest good effect. Thev were then attempting to carry three guns, and a considerable body of Cavalry were hovering round to afford them protection. This they were unable to effect, as our well-directed tire soon obliged the enemy to abandon their guns, camels, earts, bullocks, &c., and a great portion of their baggage, which fell into our hands. The enemv still continuing to retreat in a most disorderly manner, we advanced at a gallop for about three miles, and again opened fire with such effect that they were compelled to abandon another gun. We again advanced some distance further, and were halted by order of tiie General Commauding, who proceeded ; and at a quarter to 5, p.m., we began to fall back towards camp, which we reached at halt"-past three o'clock, p.m. I have, &c., J. S. LEESON, Major, Horse Artillery, Brigadier Commanding Artillery Brigade, Bombay Division. GENERAL RETURN of Casualties in the Army of the Punjaub in the Action at Goojerat, on the 21st February, 1849. 2 1 St February, 1849, between the British Forces, under the personal command of General the Right Honorable HUGH, Baron GOUGH, G.C.B., Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in India, and the Rebel Army, under Sirdar CHUTTER SINGH and Rajah SHERE SINGH. Wounded, 1 Provost-Marshal. Genkiiai. Staff. Artillery Division. Horse Artillery. 4th Troop 1st Brigade. — Killed, 3 Rank and File, 1 Syce, 17 Horses. Wouuded, 1 Native Officer, ,5 Rank and File, 2 Lascars, ."> Syces, 1 1 Horses. 2ik1 ditto 2nd ditto. — Killed, 7 Rank and File, 1 Lascar, 27 Horses. Wounded, 1 Sergeant, 1 Trumpeter, 17 Rank and File, 4 Lascars, 13 Horses. 3rd ditto 2nd ditto. — Killed, 1 Syce, 7 Horses. Wounded, 4 Rank and File. Missing, 1 Syce. 4th ditto 2nd ditto. — Wounded, 1 Rank and File. Missing, 1 Horse. 1st ditto 3rd ditto. — Wounded, 1 Trumpeter, 2 Rank and File. Missing, 1 Horse. 2nd ditto 3rd ditto. — Killed, 1 Rank aud File, 7 Horses. Wounded, 2 Sergeants, 3 Rank and File, 1 Syce, 1 Horse. !Mis.sing, 2 Horses. 4th ditto 3rd ditto. — Killed, 1 European Officer, 1 Sergeant, (i Rank and File, 1 Lascar, l(j Horses. Wounded, 1 Sergeant, 4 Rank and File, 1 Lascar, I Syce, 6 Horses. Missing, 1 Horse. Foot Artillery. 1st Company 1st Battalion (No. 10 Battery). — Killed, 1 European Officer, 1 Rank and File. Wounded, 2 Rank aud File, 2 Syce Drivers, 3 Horses. Missing, 1 Horse. 3rd Company 1st Battalion (No. 17 Battery). — Killed, 10 Horses. Wounded, 4 Rank and File, and 3 Horses. 3rd Company 3rd Battalion. — Killed, 2 Rank and File, 5 Bullocks. Wounded, 2 Syce Drivers. 4th ('ompany 3rd Battalion. — Killed, .") Bullocks. Wounded, 2 Rauk and File, 1 Lascar, 3 Syce Drivers. 1st Company 4th Battalion. — Wounded, 1 European Officer, 3 Bank and File, 1 Lascar. 4th Company 4th Battalion. — Wounded, 1 Rank and File. 3rd Company Vtii Battalion (No. .i Battery). — Killed, 1 Syce Driver, 1 Syce, 3 Horses. Wounded, 2 Rank and File, 1 Lascar, 1 Syce Driver. Total. — Killed, 2 European Officers, 1 Sergeant, 20 Rauk and File, 2 Lascars, 1 Syce Driver, 3 Syces, 97 Horses or Bullocks. Wounded, 1 European Officer, 1 Native Officer, 4 Sergeants, 2 Trumjieters, 50 Rauk and File, 10 Lascars, 8 Syce Drivers, 7 Syces, 37 Horses or Bullocks. Missing, I Syce, ti Horses. Engineer Department and Sappers and Pioneers. Wounded, 1 European Officer, 1 Native ditto, 2 Sergeants or Ilavildars, and 5 Rank and File. Cavalry Division. \st Brigade. Her Majesty's 3rd Light Dragoons. — Killed, I Horse. Wounded, 1 Rank and File, 2 Horses. Missing, 2 Horses. Her Majesty's 9th Lancers. — Missing, 4 Horses. 5th Regiment Ligiit Cavalry. — AVounded, I European Officer, 4 Rank and File, 1 Horse. 8th Regiment Light Cavalry. — Killed, 1 Syce, 1 Horse. Wouiuled, 1 Native Officer. Missmg, 1 Rank and File, 3 Horses. 236 RECORDS OF THE 21st February, 1849. 2nd Brigade. Her Majesty's 14th Light Dragoons. — Killed, 1 European Officer, 3 Horses. Wounded, 2 European Officers, 4 Rank and File, 2 Horses. 1 st Regiment Light Cavalry. — Wounded, 2 Rank and File, 4 Horses. Missing, 2 Horses. Zrd Brigade. 11th Irregular Cavalry- — Killed, 2 Horses. Wounded, 3 Rank and File. 14th Irregular Cavalry (1 Squadron). — Wounded, 2 Rank and File, 4 Horses. Missing, 2 Horses. Ath Brigade. 3rd Irregular Cavalry. — Killed, 1 Rank and File, 2 Horses. Wounded, 1 Native Officer, 1 Havildar, 5 Rank and File, 2 Horses. 9th Irregular Cavalry. — Killed, 1 Rank and File, 10 Horses. Wounded, 1 Havildar, 12 Rank and File, 3 Horses. Total.— Killed, 1 European Officer, 2 Rank and File, 1 Syce, 19 Horses. Wounded, 3 European Officers, 2 Native ditto, 2 Ha-sildars, 33 Rank and File, 18 Horses. Missing, 1 Rank and File, 13 Horses. 1st Infantry Division. Divisional Staff. — Wounded, 1 Horse. \st Brigade. Her Majesty's 10th Foot. — Killed, 7 Rank and File, 1 Horse. Wounded, 1 European Officer, .53 Rank and File. 8th Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 1 European Officer, 1 Native ditto, 3 Rank and File. Wounded, 2 European Officers, 3 Native ditto, 4 Havildars, 56 Rank and File. 52iid Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 3 Rank and File. Wounded, 3 European Officers, 1 Havildar, 30 Rank and File. 2nd Brigade. Her Majesty's 32nd Foot. — Killed, 1 Rank and File. Wounded, 1 European Officer, 4 Rank and File. 1st Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 5 Rank and File. Wounded, 1 European Officer, 1 Native , ditto, 1 Havildar, 46 Rank and File. 72nd Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 1 Rank and File. Wounded, 8 Rank and File. | Total. — Killed, 1 European Officer, I Native ditto, 22 Rank and File, 1 Horse. WoundedJ 8 European Officers, 4 Native ditto, 6 Havildars, 197 Rank and File. ; ! 2nd Infantry Division. Zrd Brigade. 2nd European Regiment. — Killed, 1 European Officer, 2 Sergeants, 6 Rank and File, I Horse. Wounded, 5 European Officers, 12 Sergeants, 123 Rank and File, and 1 Horse. Missing, 3 Rank and File. 31st Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 2 Havildars, 9 Rank and File. Wounded, 1 European Officer, 4 Native ditto, 7 Havildars, 1 1 9 Rank and File, 1 Lascar. 70th Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 10 Rank and File. Wounded, 5 European Officers, 1 Native ditto, 4 Havildars, 34 Rank and File. Ath Brigade. Her Majesty's 29th Foot. — Killed, 2 Rank and File. Wounded, 6 Rank and File. 30th Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, 3 Rank and File. .'i6th Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, 1 Rank and File. Total. — Killed, 1 European Officer, 4 Sergeants or Havildars, 27 Rank and File, 1 Horsed Wounded, 1 1 European Officers, 5 Native ditto, 23 Sergeants or Havildars, 286 Rank and File, I Lascar, 1 Horse. Missing, 3 Rank and File. 3rd Infantry Division. bth Brigade. 25th Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 1 Rank and File. Wounded, 2 Rank and File. 7th Brigade. Her Majesty's 6th Foot.— Wounded, 9 Rank and File. 36th Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, 1 Trumpeter, 3 Rank and File. Wounded, 2 HaWldars,' 7 Rank and File. Total. — Killed, 1 Trumpeter, 4 Rank and File. Wounded, 2 Sergeants or Havildars, 18 Rank and File. BOMBAY DIVISION. 3rd Troop Horse Artillery. — Killed, 1 Horse. Scinile Irregidar Horse. — Killed, 1 Havildar, 1 Rank and File, 24 Horses. Wounded, 1 Native Officer, 1 Havildar, 10 Rank and File, 11 Horses. Total. — Killed, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 1 Rank and File, 25 Horses. Wounded, 1 Native Officer, 1 Sergeant or Havildar, 10 Rank and File, 1 I Horses. Grand Totals. — Killed, 5 European Officers, 1 Native ditto, 6 Sergeants or Havildars, 1 Trumpeter, 76 Rank and File, 2 Lascars, 1 Syce Driver, 4 Syces, 143 Horses or Bullocks. Wounded, 24 European Officers, 11 Native ditto, 1 Provost-Marshal, 40 Sergeants or Havildars, 2 Trumpeters, 599 Rank and File, 1 1 Lascars, 8 Syce Drivers, 7 Syces or Grasscutters, 68 Horses and Bullocks. ISIissing, 4 Rank and File, 1 Syce, 1 9 Horses or Bullocks. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 237 NOMINAL LIST of European Officers. 21st February, 1849. General Staff. Wounded, 1 Provost-Marshal, S. Budd, severely. Artillery Division. -1th Troop, 3rd Brigade Horse Artillery. — Killed, Captain J. Anderson. 1st Company, 1st Battalion Artilk'n,-. — Killed, 2iul Lieutenant E. W. Day. 1st Company, 4th Battalion Artillery. — Wounded, Captain and Brevet-Major Sir R. C. Shakespear. Corps of Engineers. — Woimded, 2nd Lieutenant B. M. Hutchinson, very severely, leg amputated. Cavalry Division. Her Majesty's 14th Light Dragoons. — Killed, Lieutenant A. Lloyd. Wounded, Captain J. H. Goddard, severely. Captain A. Scudamore, dangerously. 5th Regiment Light Cavalry. — Wounded, Lieutenant H. J. Stannus, severely. 1st Infantry Division. Her Majesty's 10th Foot. — Wounded, Captain R. M. Best, slightly. Her Majesty's .3"_'nd Foot. — Wounded, Lieutenant G. Jeffrey, slightly. 8th Regiment Native Infantry. — Killed, Lieutenant R. Cox. Wounded, Major G. Farquharson, dangerously ; Ensign G. H. Gritfiths, severely. .51st Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, Lieutenant T. C. Darnell, severely. .52nd Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, Captain J. W. II. Jaiuicson, severely ; Lieutenant W. H. Lowther, ditto ; Lieutenant G. R. Smith, ditto. 2nd Infantry Division. 2nd European Regiment. — Killed, Lieutenant G. H. Sprot. Wounded, Captain A. Boyd, sUghtly ; Lieutenant A. Elderton, ditto ; Ensign A. D. Toogood, ditto ; Ensign D. A. Sandford, ditto ; Ensign J. G. S. Matheson, ditto. 3 1st Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, Ensign F. J. Gaily, slightly. 70th Regiment Native Infantry. — Wounded, Major J. K. McCausland, severely ; Brevet-Captain C. S. Edwards, shghtly ; Lieutenant A. Fytche, ditto ; Ensign R. C. Whiting, severely ; Ensign C. Murray, slightly. (Signed) PATRICK GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel. Adjutant-General's Office, Head Quarters, Camp, Goojerat, 2nd February, 1849. 238 RECORDS OF THE 21st February, 1849. LIST OF ORDNANCE Captured from the Enemy in the Action at Goojerat on the 21st Feb., 1849. Camp, Goojerat, 22nd February, 1849. Nature of Ordnance. Length from the Base Ring to the Muzzle face. Bore. i i to G O CD O s P E Inches. Inches. Inches. Cwt. 1 Brass Gim. ... 1 6-pounder 92-3 59 59-6 59 67 59 58 29 59 97 68 44 65 66 58 27 59 56 58 41 58 87 59 56 67 100 9C 58 57 52 52 53 59 59 59 58 58 59 58 59 47 44 44 45 55 CO 46 46 24 16 18 1 A consid ( blown 91 57 58 57 65-5 57 56 28 57 95 66 42 63 64 56 25 57 54 56-5 40 56 85 57 54 65 98 94 56 55 50 50 51 57 57 57 56 56 57 56 57 45 42 42 43 53 58 44 44 22 14 17 erable nui up and ot 4-8 3-55 4-1 3-8 4 37 3-8 2-8 3-9 4-5 4 5 3-9 4-1 37 2-4 3-6 3-8 375 2-4 3-8 4-85 37 3'96 3-8 3-4 3-4 37 3-6 3-5 3-6 375 3-75 37 37 3-8 3-8 375 3-8 3-8 5-1 5-3 4-2 5- 3-8 37 4-4 4-9 5-6 3-6 4-2 nber of ti lerwise de 23 6 11 7 9 7 7 1-3 7 18 10 8 9 10 8 1-2 7 7 7 3 9 25 7 9-2 9-2 20 20 6 6 5 6 8 9 9 9 9 9 7 / 7 10 7 5 8 7 8 6 8 2 3 1 imbrils we stroyed. 6 „ 9 „ 8 „ 5 9 « .. . 8 8 3 ,, 8 „ 10 12 9 „ 18 8 „ 9 15 8 2 „ 8 20 8 2 8 16 8 „ 9 „ 25 8 6 „ C 8 „ 7 „ 30 6 7 6 6 8 , 35 8 8 8 „ 8 „ 8 „ 40 8 7J 42 7}> „ 1 Brass Howitzer . .' 5 „ „ „ 8 1 Brass Mortar 3 „ re also 53 17 Total j)ieces of Ordnance captured Ammunition Tumbrils unserviceable (Signed) J. TENNANT, Brigadier-General, Commanding .\rtillerv Division, Army of the Punjaub. fSigned) J. ABERCROMBIE, Captain, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General, Artillery, Army of the Punjaub. (True copy.) (Signed) P. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, (True copy.) Adjutant-General of the Army. H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True copies.) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 239 26th March, 1849. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA R D I N A R 7. MONDAY. 26th MARCH, 1849. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, 26th March, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council has the highest satisfaction in re-publishing for general information the following General Order, issued by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India on the 1 "th instant, together with the Despatches therein alluded to, announcing the surrender, on the l-lth idem, of the Sikh Army to the British Force. 2. — His Lordsiiip in Council directs, that in commemoration of this event, a salute of 21 guns be firi'd at 12 o'clock this day from the Saluting Battery, and that a similar salute be fired on receipt of this order at all the principal military stations under this Presidency. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, W. COURTNEY, Acting Secretary to Government. GENERAL ORDER, by the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. 17th March, 1849. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Camp, Ferozepore, 17th March, 1849. The Governor-General has the utmost satisfaction in directing that the Despatches which he has this day received from His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief and from Major-General Sir Walter Gilbert, K.C.B., be published for the iuformation of the Army and of the people of India. The British subjects who were prisoners in the hands of the enemy have all returned in safety. On the l-lth instant. Sirdar Chutter Singh, Rajah Shere Singh, and the principal Sikh Sirdars and Chiefs, delivered their swords into the hands of Major-General Sir Walter Gilbert. Fortj'-one pieces of Artillery were at the same litne surrendered, and the remains of the Sikh Army, to the number of 16,000 men, laid down their arms in the presence of the British troops. The Governor-General offers to his Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, to Major-General Gilbert, and to the whole army, his heartfelt congratulations on this glorious result of the battle of Goojerat, and of the operations subsequent to it, so admirably conducted by the Major-General, in fultllment of His Excellency's instructions. But the war is not yet concluded : nor can there be any cessation of hostilities until Dost Mahomed Khan and the Affghan Armv are either driven from the province of Peshawur, or destroyed within it. The British Army has already resumed its march upon Attock ; and the Governor-General confidently hopes that tlie entire success which, with God's blessing, will attend it, may enable him soon to announce the restoration of peace. The Governor-General directs that in honor of the important events which have now been notified, a salute of 21 guns be fired from every principal Station of the army in India. By order of the lliyht Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) II. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. COPIES. 16th March, 1849. From the Right Honorable the COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF to the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, &c., &c., &c. Head Quarters, Camp, KuUallah, 16th March, 1849. My Lord, I liave the greatest gratification in reporting to your Lordship the further happy resiUts of the decisive victory obtained at Goojerat on the 21st ultimo. Major-Gciicral Sir Walter Gilbert, with that energy and judgment whieh induced me to select him to conduct the ulterior operations subsequent to that action, has well fulfilled the tnist reposed in him by rapidly pressing the routed enemy, which has led to their unqualified submission, the surrender of their 240 RECORDS OF THE 16th March, 1849. remaining guns, and about 16,000 stand of arms, all of which are now in our possession ; and I rejoice to add, that this fortunate consummation has been obtained without a single shot being fired. The whole of the Sikh Force, with their Sirdars, have now come in, with the exception of Bhai Maharaj and Colonel Richpaul Singh, who have absconded, but without followers. We have now in our possession 56 guns taken at Goojerat, and abandoned by the enemy in his retreat on the 21st February; 40 surrendered to Major-General Sir Walter Gilbert since that event ; 12 captured at ChiUanwallah, and 50 at INIooltan ; making a total of 158 pieces of ordnance, which have fallen into our hands during the present campaign. Again heartily congratulating your Lordship at this most satisfactory termination of the Sikh war, I have, &c., Head Quarters, Camp, Kullallah, 16th March, 1849. (Signed) GOUGH, General. Uth March, 1849. No. 282. From Major-General Sir W. R. GILBERT, K.C.B., commanding Field Force on Special Service, to H. M. ELLIOT, Esquire, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. Camp, Rawul Pindee, 14 th March, 1849. Sir, Since I addressed you on the 11th instant, from Hoormuck, I have advanced to Ravnil Pindee, which place I reached to-day. I have now the high gratification of reporting, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, that the disarmament of the Sikh Army, commenced at Manikyalla, has been this day completed by the surrender of their swords by the Sikh Sirdars, in presence of the Commanding Officers of Divisions and Brigades, and their Staff. The total number of gims surrendered is forty-one, of which a return shall be forwarded hereafter ; and the number of stands of arms, laid down before the Force under my command, is about 16,000. I have, &c., (Signed) W. R. GILBERT, Major-General, Commanding Field Force on Special Service. Camp, Raw)il Pindee, 14th March, 1849. (True copies.) (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True copies.) W. COURTNEY, Acting Secretary to Government. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 241 Uth April, 1849. BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRA R D I N A R Y. publisbflr t)p autbontp* SATURDAY, 14th APRIL, 1849. NOTIFICATION. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, Uth April, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council has the highest satisfaction in re-pnbhshing, for general information, the following General Order, issued by the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India, on the 2nd instant, announcing the occupation of Peshawur by the British Troops, and tlie termination of hostiUties in the Punjaub. Ill giving publicity to tliis General Order, the Right Honorable the Governor in Council invites all British subjects at this Presidency to unite, on the day appointed, in offering up their thanks to j Almighty God for the successful termination of the war and the restoration of peace. L By order of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, \ W. COURTNEY, I Acting Secretary to Government. GENERAL ORDER by the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. 2ncl .\pril, 1819. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Camp, Ferozepore, 2nd April, 1849. The Governor-General has the gratification of jniblishing, for general information. Despatches which have been received from His Excellency the CV)uuuander-in-Chief and from Major-General Sir Walter (Jilbert, K.C.B., announcing the termination of hostiUties in the Punjaub. The Governnr-CJeneral declared that, before the war could cease, every enemy, whether Sikh or Affghari, should be driven from before us ; and the British Army has well and gallantly made good his words. The Sikh Sirdars and the remnant of their Army were pursued, iiave surrendered, and have been disarmed. The Ameer of Cabul, with his Troops, has fled before the British Force, and has been chased ignominiousiy from the territories lie invaded. The war has thus been brought to an end ; and the Punjaub has been declared a portion of the Britisli Em|iire in India. Once again the Governor-General offers to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, to the General Otticers, the OtRcers, Non-C(>mmissioned Officers, and Soldiers of the Army, the assurance of his deep and unfeigned gratitude for the great services they have rendered to the country, for the zeal and gallantry they have displayed, and for the sustained and cheerful exertions they have made. In anticipation of the wishes of the Honorable Court of Directors, the Governor-General will grant to every Officer and Soldier who has been employed within the Punjaub in this campaign, to th(^ date of the occupation of Peshawur, a medal, bearing the word " Punjaub," in commemoration of the honoralile service they have done. The Governor-General is also pleased to direct that every corps which has been so employed shall bear the same word on their standards, colours, and api>ointments. The Governor-CJeneral desires to take this opportunity of acknowledging his obligations to Officers who have been serving in various positions connected with the Army in the field. The Governor-General is sensible of tlie zeal and activity of Major-General Sir D. Hill, K.C.B., commanding tiie Reserve ; and he would iiave looked with confidence to his service, if the Division under his command had been called into operation. Brigadier-General Wheeler, C.B., has executed the several duties which have been committed to him with skill and with success ; and the Governor-General has been happy to convey to him his thanks. The Governor-General is indebted to Brigadier Stalker, commanding at Mooltan, for the successful exertions which have been made, under his directions, for placing the Fort again in a condition of defence, and for maintaining the tranquillity of tlie country. 242 RECORDS OF THE •'nd \pril 1849 The Grovernor-General begs to acknowledge the service which has been rendered by Lieutenant- Colonel McSherry, 1st Native Infantry, commanding at Govindghur. The energy, vigilance, and tact which he has exhibited during his occupation of that important fortress have been of much value to the Government of India. From Sir Frederick Currie, Baronet, Resident at Lahore, previously to his return to his seat in Council, the Governor- General received at all times eifective and most ready co-operation ; and he has continued to receive from Lieutenant-Colonel .Sir H. Lawrence, K.C.B., the support which his known ability and experience enable him to afford. The meritorious conduct of the several Assistants to the Resident has elicited the strong appro- bation of the Government. In addition to those whom he has before named, the Governor-General ofl'ers his especial thanks to Major- General Lawrence for the able management which so long enabled him to maintain his position at Peshawur ; and to Captain James Abbott, for the gallant stand he has made in the Hills of Hazara. Lieutenant Taylor has earned the fuU approbation of the Government by his judicious and persevering efforts, which regained and have held the province of Bunnoo. The sustained defence of the Fort of Attock, which was made by Lieutenant Herbert, under circumstances of great difficulty, has been viewed by the Government of Lidia with admiration, and entitled him to their warmest praise. Ml-. John Lawrence, Commissioner of the Trans-Sutlej Province, has received the thanks of the Governor-General. Well seconded by his Assistants in the District, he has greatly contributed, by his promptitude, energy, and firnuiess, to the maintenance of the general tranquillity which has prevailed in these newly-acquired territories. The Governor-General especially wishes to record his marked approbation of the manner in which Major Mackeson, C.B., as his Agent with the Ai-my, has discharged the duties which were entrusted to him. In the important Political matters in which he has been engaged. Major Mackeson's proceedings have been distinguished by ability, judgment, discretion, and firmness ; and the Governor-General begs to convey to him the expression of his unqualified satisfaction. The Governor-General concludes by tendering to the Officers of the Government in his Camp sincere thanks for the assistance he has at all times received from them. He particularly desires to express his obligation to Mi-. Henry EUiot, Secretary to the Govern- ment of India, for his very able, laborious, and most valuable aid in the important affairs which have occupied the Governor-General's attention ; and to Colonel Stuart, C.B., Military Secretary to the Government of India, and to Lieutenant-Colonel Bensen, C.B., Member of the Military Board with the Governor-General, for the great assistance he has derived from their experience and judgment in the affairs of their respective dejjartments. While thus congratulating the Ai-my and British Subjects in India on the triumphant success which has been achieved, the Governor-General desires humbly to acknowledge the Hand by which alone all victory is given. He has, accordingly, intimated to the Lord Bishop his wish that, on the first Sunday in May, thanksgiving shall be offered to Almighty God for the successful termination of the war in which we have been engaged, and for the restoration to the people of the blessing of peace. By order of the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. 25th March, 1849. COPIES. From His Excellency the COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF IN INDIA to the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. Head Quarters, Camp, Ai-my of the Panjaub, Wuzeerabad, 25th March, 1849. My Lord, I have sincere satisfaction in forwarding to your Lordship a copy of a Desjiatch received this day from Major-General Sir Walter R. Gilbert, K.C.B., commanding the Advanced Force of this Ai-my, No. 291, dated the 21st instant, announcing the occupation of Peshawur by the British Troops, the precipitate retreat of the Ameer Dost Mahomed Khan and his followers beyond the Kliyber Pass, and the consequent dissolution of the Affghan confederacy. Tlie brilliant results have been obtained, your Lordship will observe, without a single shot being fired by our Troops since the victory of Goojerat on the 21st ultimo. It is almost superflous for me to repeat to your Lordship how very highly I estimate the unwearied and zealous exertions in these subsequent movements of that most energetic and able Officer, Major-Gcneral Gilbert, and the excellent Troops under his command. in soliciting your Lordship's particular attention to Major-General Gilbert's commendation of Major F. Mackeson, C.B., your Lordship's Agent with the Force, I beg to repeat the high sense I entertain of that Officer's merits, and the excellent service he has rendered throughout the campaign. The Sikh rebellion and Affghan confederacy having been now effectually put down and over- thrown, I beg to be favored with your Lordship's instructions for breaking up the Army of the Punjaub, which has, I trust, merited the approbation of your Lordship and the country. I have the honor to be, &c., ^f (Signed) GOUGH, General, Commander-in-Chief in India. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 243 No. 291. 21st March, 1849. From Majcir-General Sir W. R. GILBERT, K.C.B., comniiiiulinfr Field Force on Special Service, to the ADJUTANT-GENERAL OF THE ARMY. Dated Camp, PesLawur, 21st March, 1849. Sin, I advanced this morning from Nowshara to Peshawur with the Bengal Division of my Force, anil have much satisfaction in reporting, for the information of His Excellency the Right Ilonoralile the Commander-in-Chief, that I am in possession of tlie City of Peshawur and its Bala Hissar. The Affghan Ai-niy, under command of Ameer Dost Mahomed Khan, retreated from Peshawur on till' 19th instant, and is to-day reported to liave reached Dakka, on the western side of the Kliyber I'ass. The city I found untouched by the Affghans, the iVineer having directed the gates to he closed against his troops ; but most of the garden-houses in its neighbourhood have been burnt, or otherwise rendered uninhabitable, and the Sikh C'antonment at Ali Murdhan Khan's Bagh has been burnt to the ground. The Fort of Jumrood is also reported to be destroyed. By tlie expulsion from the Province of Peshawur of the Ameer and his Ai-my, I have carried to a successful conclusion the whole of the instructions of the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India, conveyed to nie through His Excellency tlic Commander-in-Chief, with your letter of the 3rd instant. The Sikhs have been humbled, and their power crushed ; the Britisli prisoners released from an irksome captivity ; and tlie rich Province of Peshawur freed from its Maliomedan invaders. To my troops 1 am indebted, under Providence, for these glorious results. Since the 1st of the month they have marched from the Jhcluni to the Indus and Peshawur, crossing both rivers under many disadvantages, and overcoming all the obstacles of the road, wiii(di are naturally great, and were much enlianced by our large train of stores and baggage — the necessary encumhrauces of a force like this. To botli officers and men I am deeply indebted, for their cheerful endurance of the fatigues and privations to which all have been exposed. I cannot |>ermit myself to conclude this report of my arrival at Peshawur, without expressing to His Lordship my sense of the valuable services rendered me by Major F. Mackeson, C.B., who accompanies the force as Agent of the Governor-General. I am particularly indebted to him i'or his ready assistance, and for the unwearied and unremitting zeal with which he has performed the im|iortant duties of his office. To his cool judgment and unswerving decision of purpose I owe niiirli of the success that has attended the progress of my force. From my Stall" generally I have received every assistance. (True copies.) (Signed) P. GRANT, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copies.) II. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True copies.) W. COURTNEY, Acting Secretary to Government. It I 244 RECORDS OF THE i9.h,iu,u,iH49. SUPPLEMENT TO THE BOMBAY GOVERNMENT GAZETTE. puI)IisiJ)rti bp autbontp. TUESDAY, 19th JUNE, 1849. POLITICAL DEPARTMENT. Bombay Castle, I8th June, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council re-publishes, for general information, the following General Order, issued by the Right Honorable the Governor-General of India, under date the 4th instant. Bi/ Order of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, A. MALET, Chief Secretary to Government. 4th June, 1849. GENERAL ORDER by the Right Honorable the GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. Simla, 4th June, 1849. The Right Honorable the Governor-General has the honor and gratification of publishing, in General Orders to the Army, the following Resolutions, which have been unanimously adopted by both Houses of Parliament : — 24th April, 1849. Martis 24 DIE ArRiLis, 1849. Resolved, nemine contradicente — That the thanks of this House be given to the Right Honorable the Earl of Dalhousie, Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, Governor-General of India, for the zeal and ability with which the resources of the British Empire in the East Indies have been applied to the support of the military operations in the Punjaub. Resolved, nemine contradicente — That the thanks of this House be given to General the Right Honorable Lord Gough, Knight] Grand Cross of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces 'm\ India, for the conspicuous intrei)idity displayed by him during the recent operations in the Punjaub ; and especially for his conduct on the 21st February, 1849, in the Battle of Goojerat, when thej British Army obtained a brilliant and decisive victory. Resolved, nemine contradicente — That the thanks of this House be given to Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, Knight Com- mander of the Most Honorable Order of the Batii ; to Major-General Sir Walter Raleigh Gilbert, Knight Commander of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath ; to Major-General William Samson Wliisli, Companion of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath; and to Brigadier-Generals the Honorable; Henry Dundas, Companion of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath; Colin Campbell, Companion of the INIost Honorable Order of the Bath; Hugh Massey Wheeler, Companion of the Most Honorable Order (if the Bath: and James Tennant ; and the several Officers, European and Native, under their conunan the British Ihiipire, by the signal dvertlnow of the numerous enemies condiined in arms against them ; and that the same be signified to them by the Commanders of the several Corps. R 2 246 RECORDS OF THE 23rd April, 1849. Resolved unanimously — Thiit the tlianks of this Court be given to Major-General William Samson Whish, Companion of the Most Honorable Order of the Bath, for his eminent services, in conducting to a successful issue the siege of the Fort and City of Mooltan. Resolved unanimously — That the thanks of this Court be given to the several Officers, European and Native, under the command of Major-General Wliisli ; and to the Officers of the Indian Navy employed on that occasion, for their gallant conduct during the Siege of Mooltan. Resolved unanimously- — That the thanks of this Court be given to the Non-Commissioned Officers, and Private Soldiers and Seamen, European and Native, for the bravery and fortitude manifested by them during the Siege of Mooltan, and that the same be signified to them by their several Commanders. By Order of the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India. (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. (True copy.) A. MALET, Chief Secretary to Government. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 247 IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT, TUESDAY, Afkil 24th, 1849. VOTE OF THANKS TO THE ARMY IN INDIA HOUSE OF LORDS The Marquis of Lansdowne. — My lords, I rise pursuant to notice, to move that the thanks of this House be presented to the Governor- General of India, the CciininaniliT-iu-Chief, and the officers and troops composing the army in India, for the son-ices done antl rendered by that army. Yoiir lordships are probably acquainted with the fact that the origin of this war, which has convulsed so considerable a portion of the Indian territory, originatc>d in an act of rebellion — and more than re- bellion — an act of treachery, which took place at Mooltan, which I need not tell your lordships is not only one of the most considerable seats of commerce in that country, but also one of its chief strongholds, in a mili- tary point of new. In the garrison of Mooltan, a native chief of the name of Moolraj liad been appointed to rule under the sanction of the East India Company. Previous to these events, however, that chief, in consequence of certain reforms introduced under the authority of the Company, had voluntarily resigned his post. After that voluntary re- signation, two gentlemen of the names of Agnew and Anderson, being regarded as well-fitted for the service, were sent to aid the successor of Moolraj in governing the territory recently confided to him. Soon after their arrival — originating, I believe, in the dissatisfaction of a number of persons who hatl been guilty of arbitrary abuses or malversations, and whose interests were likely to be affected by tlie change of administra- tion — an insurrection suiidenly broke out in Mooltan, the object of which was forcibly to reinstate Moolraj in the authority which he had volun- tarily resigned, and in that insurrection excesses were committed, the consequences of which are deeply to be deplored, and the two gentlemen to whom I have alluded were barbarously murdered. After that insur- rection, and after that murder had been perpetrated, that chief became possessed of the town of Mooltan, and, by means of the assistance of neighbouring chiefs, of the country around it. The occupation was not complete, but nevertheless it continued to prevail to that extent that in a very short time there sallied forth from every part of that frontier, com- bined against the authority of this country and that of the East India Company, hordes of the most formidable character, and prepared for the most desperate warfare — hordes commanded by persons of every sect, and every denomination, united by a common hatred of the British power, by a hatred founded on a feeling that that power had been exer- cised to diminish, to regulate, and restrain the arbitrary despotism with which they had governed, and with which they wished to govern the ter- ritory confided to their care, and the consequence of this was that every chief whose ambition had been disappointed, whose fortune had been diminished, and who had suffered under the superior rule and authority of this country, conceived that the opportunity had arisen for revenge and retribution, and all these disappointed hopes and passions were at once roused and united into one torrent, destined to overrun, and, if pos- sible, overturn British rule throughout the wholo of Northern India. My lords, under these circumstances, instructions were sent to defend that territory. In a very short period one of the most formidable forces that I ndia has ever known was by the zeal and energy of the Governor- General brought into the scene of action. Events immediately followed with which your lordships must be familiar. During the whole of the summer and autumn of last year, those events gave rise to a succession of desperate battles, in which the greatest valour and the greatest ability were displayed by the British troops. The enemy also exhibited in a striking point of view their courage in the desperate conflicts in which they had been engaged. But I shall pass on to those events which took place at a more recent period, to which I wish particularly to call your lordships' attention. In the month of February, a period arrived when my Lord Gough, commanding the British army, felt himself in a situa- tion with confidence to attack the united forces of the enemy. I say the united forces of the enemy, because it is one of the remarkable ch.irac- tcristics of the contest which recently took place that for the first time, I believe, in the annals of India, it brought into action together the two most warlike nations of that great country — I mean the Sikhs and the Afighans, who profess a different faith, but who had each attained a higher state of military discipline than had ever fallen to the lot of any other portion of the inhabitants of India. The army of the enemy so I formed consisted of about GO, 000 men, with 59 pieces of cannon. I Against that force the Governor-General was able to provide a well- 1 appointed army of 25,000 men, with 100 cannon. That army in the ] month of February attacked the enemy in the field of Goojerat, near the i Jhclum, and the result of that action has been the total dispersion of that cloud which threatened, not many months ago, the peace and pros- perity of India. That victory was accomplished by the exertions of the generals, of the officers, and of tho soldiers, uturemittingly and zealously employed, many of them acting under the difficulties imposed on them by the most rapid marches, which were necessary in order to enable them to reach the field before the action commenced. While I am anxious to do justice to the whole of the army engaged on the occasion, I cannot omit to state that one i)ortion of it, I mean the portion that came from Bombay, under General Dundas, had, by forced marches, without a single h jt, arrived at the scene of action on the very day be- fore the battle had taken i)lace. That march was so conducted that I believe scarcely one individual was lost on the road, and the reinforce- ment in question not only took an immediate part in the action, but on the very day following it formed part of the force which, imder General Gilbert, was engaged in the active pursuit and further discomfiture of the enemy. (Hear, hear.) That is a circumstance which I have thought it my duty to advert to as one of the most striking instances on record of zeal and activity in accomplishing a rapid march over an extensive tract of country. I have now stated to your lordships the principal incidents in those events ; and I believe that greater authorities than I am will be able to inform you that our troops had to contend with pecuMar difficul- ties, arising from the strength of the position occupied by the enemy, who throughout the whole of this campaign had shown their judgment and military skill in availing themselves on all occasions of the advan- tages afforded them by the nature of the country, by the passes, and fords, and jungles, in which they had to carry on their operations. Here, therefore, my lords, is the brilliant termination of a war attended with so much anxiety, and, unfortunately, in some of its details, with so much bloodshed, but attended also with results so honourable to the British arms. (Hear, hear.) But our success was not confined to the field of Goojerat. That strong place to which I allude — Mooltan, strong bv nature and by art, well-garrisoned, and under a most able chief — was subjected to a siege, the conduct of which also reflects the highest honour on our arms, and in which our artillery more especially exhibited as striking an instance of skill and of perseverance as any recorded in the annals of warfare. (Hear, hear.) That place was so efficiently attacked by our artillery that not loss than 26,000 shells had been thrown into it, and in a short time the fortress was surrendered to Major-General Whish. Eight or nine months after those transactions had begun with those most barbarous murders to which I have already called your lord- ships' attention, the bodies of those unfortunate gentlemen, Mr. Ander- son and Mr. Agnew, who had been so foully bereft of life, were carried from the place into which they had been tlirown, and received the final honors of a Christian burial, theu- funeral procession having marched through that breach which the gallantry of the English army had effected in the walls of Mooltan. In that procession were to be found the troops who avenged the injury to which British subjects had been subjected, and who gave, I believe, a final lesson to the perpetrators of the barbarities to which I have referred. The success of Lord Gough and the troops under his command on the field of Goojerat was followed up by General Gilbert immediately after the victory had been gained. But I feel that I cannot stop here, as I have other events to notice. We must recollect that while we endeavour to pay all due honour to those who occupied high stations during the campaign, it is not in our power by any vote of this House to do justice to all the individuals who were engaged in those transactions. But, my lords, I have always been struck, and I am sure there is not one of your lordships who must not have been struck, with this peculiar circumstance, that our Indian war- fare has on all occasions elicited not only in commanders and in generals, but in subaltern officers, qualities of the highest character — qualities not called for, perhaps, to the same extent in any other service ; because those subaltern officers, sent out of this country at an early age, are not unfrequently called upon to exercise then- discretion, not merely in exposing their lives and those of their followers, not merely in displaying that military skill and discipline, wliich it is to be hoped that every British officer has learned to exercise, but also in dealing with the pa.s- sions, the prejudices, and the feelings of populations with which they could not before have been familiar, wliile on their success in gaining the goodwill of those populations, their ability to render essential service to their countrj' must depend. I must now recall to your lordships that one of the distinguishing features of tliis campaign has boon that many young men have been able, under most difficult and trying circumstances, without assistance and without instructions, to attain the most important and advantageous results. I stated to your lordships, in referring to the siege of Mooltan — or, rather, to the original defection of its garrison — 3 248 RECORDS OF THE that the chief of that place liad ondeavoured immediately to occupy all the surrounding country ; and I stated that he was not unopposed in that attempt. No sooner had it been known in the country that that defection had taken place, and that the town and surrounding district were in a state of insurrection, than an officer stationed at some days' march from that place, with a single regiment at his disposal, determined on resisting the efforts of Moolraj. I am now alluding to a name which is, I believe, already familiar to your lordships — that of Lieu- tenant, now Major Edwardes (Hear, hear) — an officer who, eight or nine years ago, was a boy in England, who only eight years ago received his appointment as cadet, who some years afterwards became aide- de-camp to Lord Gough, and had afterwards assisted at every action in India, in one of which he was wounded. That officer having been recently appointed Assistant in the government of the country in the neighbourhood of Mooltan, and, finding himself at the head of a single regiment — a native regiment — conceived the design of driving back Moolraj to his fortress, and rescuing the surrounding country from his grasp. He attained that object, and he attained it without the assistance of a single European soldier. (Hear, hear.) Such was the confidence he inspired, such was his success in raising the population of the district, that he was able to collect a considerable force, composed entirely of natives, and, for the most part, of new levies. He was afterwards able to pay those levies, and to drive back Moolraj within the walls of the citadel, from which he had emerged, after having beaten him in two successive battles, in each of which he was personally con- cerned — inspiring confidence by his personal exertions, actually serving the guns himself, and commanding the respect and the affection of the natives who followed his army. (Hear, hear.) I say that is an example worth holding out to the admiration of the public and of other officers. But he is not the only one of our young officers who strikingly distin- guished himself in the course of those transactions. There are several others, among whom I may mention Lieutenant Abbott, Lieutenant Lake, and Lieutenant Herbert, to whom I wish more particularly to refer, because, although a subaltern, he was left in the sole command of the fortress of Attock, with no European soldiers, and, nevertheless, with the force at his command, he maintained for months the possession of that fortress. I say that those gentlemen also are deserving of your lord- ships' praise ; and it is important to call attention to their services — not only in justice to them, but also because their conduct is characteristic of the general spirit of the army of which they formed a part. In calhng attention to those services, we are not only looking to the present, but also to the future ; for it is on the formation of such characters sent out from this country at an early age, and acquiring in the territory of India their first knowledge of their profession, that the future hopes of this country must mainly depend. I beUeve it is by means of such characters that we must hope to be able not only to defend, but bene- ficially to govern, the great nations in distant quarters of the world which Providence has placed under our care. (Hear, hear.) I have no more to say. I beg your lordships unanimously to confer your thanks on the distinguished persons to whom I have referred — on the Earl of Dalhousie, a member of your lordships' House, for his zeal and abihty in providing the necessary materials for this campaign ; on Lord Gough, whom also we have the honor to count as a member of this House, for his indomitable courage and perseverance in the field ; and on the other officers whose names are recorded in this vote, as well as on the non- commissioned officers and men engaged in these transactions. (Hear, hear.) The noble marquis concluded by moving the following vote: — ** That the thanks of this Kimse be given to the Right Honorable the Earl of Dalhousie, Knight of the Most Honorable Order of the Thistle, Governor-General of India, for the zeal and ability with which the resources of the British Empire in the East Indies have been appUed to the support of the miUtary operations in the Punjaub. '*That the thanks of this House be given to General the Right Honorable Lord Gough, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honorable Militiiry Order of the Bath, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in India, for the conspicuous intrepidity displayed by him during the recent operations in the Punjaub, and especially for his conduct on the 21st of February, 1849, in the battle of Goojerat, when the British Army obtained a brilliant and decisive victory, '* That the thanks of this House be given to Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwt'Il, Knight Commander of the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath ; to Major-General Sir Walter Raleigh Gilbert, Knight Commander of the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath; to Major-General "William Samson Whish, Companion of the Most Honor- able Military Order of the Bath ; and to Brigadier- Generals the Honor- able Henry Dundas, Companion of the Most Honorable Military' Order of the Bath ; CoUn Campbell, Companion of the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath ; Hugh Massey Wheeler, Companion of the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath; and James Tennant ; and to the several officers, European and Native, under their command, for the indefatigable zeal and exertions exhibited by them throughout the recent campaign. ** That the thanks of this House be given to the non-commissioned officers and private soldiers, European and Native, for the service ren- dered to the British Empire, by the signal overthrow of the numerous enemies combined in arms against them ; and that the opinion of this House be signified to them by the commanders of the several corps. *' That the thanks of this House be given to Major-General William Samson Wliish, Companion of the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath, for his eminent services in conducting to a successful issue the siege of the fort and city of Mooltan. "That the thanks of this House be given to the several officers, European and Native, under the command of Major-General Whish ; and to the officers of the Indian Navy employed upon that occasion, for their gallant conduct during the siege of Mooltan. *' That the thanks of this House be given to the non-commissioned officers and private soldiers, and seamen, European and Native, for the bravery and fortitude manifested by them during the siege of Mooltan. ** That these resolutions be transmitted to the Governor-General of India, and that he be requested to communicate the same to the several officers referred to therein." Lord Stanley had not the presumption to think he could add any- thing to the eulogium which had been bestowed upon those gallant men to whose combined efforts this empire owed these brilliant successes. Neither could he have the shghtest pretensions to speak on such a sub- ject as that then under discussion in the presence of the highest military authority of the present age (hear) — in the presence of his noble friend the noble duke (the Duke of Wellington), from whom a few words of discriminating approbation would be as highly prized by any mihtary man as the vote of that House (hear, hear) — in the presence of his noble friend, the late military Governor-General of India, or of his noble and gallant friend on the opposite benches. (Hear, hear.) The only excuse which he could offer to their lordships for trespassing upon their attention on that occasion was that he thought it not undesirable to mark, in the most emphatic manner, that on questions of that kind no considerations of party difference could ever, for a single moment, have any influence (cheers) ; that, however they might differ on matters of colonial, foreign, or home policy, all these considerations were silenced whenever the honor of their country and the glory of her arms came under discussion (cheers) ; that they felt a common interest in the welfare of their country and the advancement of its military glory, and felt proud in honoring and tendering the united tribute of their gratitude to those gallant men by whom these great objects had been advanced and pro- moted. (Cheers.) On the present occasion he thought they could con- gratulate themselves, not only on the justice and success of the case, but the signal character of its results, which were likely to be of the most decisive and permanent character. (Hear, hear.) The peculiar value of the present victory did not consist alone in its military glory — it was not because an additional laurel had been added to crown our arms — but because it had laid the foundation of a long peace, and contributed towards the permanent glory, advantage, and welfare, not only of this empire itself, but towards the welfare of the very enemies to whom we were opposed. (Hear, hear.) He looked upon the recent victory as of the more importance, because he felt that our Indian empire rested mainly on the belief of the invincible superiority of our arms, and that that empire could only be made really advantageous to the strength and power of this country by impressing it deeply on the minds of the people of India that the power which we possessed would be exercised for their benefit, and that their real welfare would be best promoted by a peaceful and lasring connexion with us. (Hear, hear.) He was convinced that it would be a subject of great satisfaction to the gallant officer who had lately gone out to take the command of affairs in India when those affairs were a matter of such anxiety at home ; who had accepted a trust at great personal inconvenience as the man in whom the greatest military confidence could be reposed — he was sure that honorable and gallant officer would feel equal satisfaction with their lordships and the country that that crisis had passed away, and that his old companion in arms — without any aid from him — without his assistance or interposition — had successfully weathered that crisis, and added fresh laurels to those he had hitherto obtained, and vindicated the honor of the army under his command. (Hear, hear.) He knew it would be a source of gratificarion to that gallant officer to whom he had alluded, and who had so promptly responded to the call of his country when she made an appeal to him, that the Indian army so well maintained its credit and deserved its repu- tation, and that that force which he had himself particularly contributed in raising, he mea7it the Scinde Irregtdar Horse, had likewise rnuch distinguished itself in the recent operations of the anny, and had had the honor of leading into action one of Her Majesty's regiments. It would be invidious for him, upon that occasion, to speak of any single regiment or branch of the Indian armament more particularly than another ; yet, nevertheless, he could hardly refrain from expressing the tribute of his admirarion of the manner in which its duties had been per- formed by that unrivalled artillery which, by its superior execution, rendered it impossible for any enemy long to stand before it — even an enemy so distinguished in that especial arm of warfare, and for its general bravery, as that opposed to us. (Hear.) There was another point to which he would also briefly advert. One well-known and gallant regiment, of which, hardly with less surprise than regret, the world had lately heard as having yielded to one of those sudden and unaccountable panics sometimes incident to the best troops, had had an opportunity of showing that its courage was unbroken, that it retained its ancient spirit — had had an opportunity, of which it well availed itself, of vindicating its former noble character, unblemished by the temporary cloud under which it laboured. (Hear, hear.) He was sure it would be a source of increased satisfaction to those gallant men whom they were desirous of honoring that the tribute which they had so well earned was accorded to them frankly, freely, cordially, and without a disst-'Utiout voice, and that the Peers and Commons of their native land, in Parliament assembled, had concurred in a united and unanimous vote of thanks to them for their services. (Hear, hear.) He would conclude by^ moving that the words " neniine contra dicente** be added to the resolution of the noble marquis opposite. (Hear.) The Earl of Galloway said that he concurred in the motion before the House, and heartily assented to the general arguments by which it had been recommended. But he felt that, while as British subjects and British Peers, it well became them to express their obligations to the distinguished individuals who had exerted their best energies in council, and who had, with the gallant army under their command, perilled their lives in the field in defence of the British empire in India — that while they were properly called to render the tribute of their thanks and praise i SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 249 to the instruments by which such important results had been accom- plislied, yet that it wjis their still higlier duty as a Christian legislature not to forget the Divine interiiosition in our behalf. (Hear, hear.) " Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto Thy name be the glory : for Thy mercy and Thy truth's sake." These were the words of the greatest of warriors in ancient times: and, in our own day, tlie present Governor-General of India, and the noble and gallant viscount, and the noble earl who had preceded him in office, and also the noble and gallant lord the f.'ommander-in-Chief in India, had all of them, in their public despatches, acknowledged the providence of God in the victorious transactions which they narrated. This was, in his belief, the secret of their strength and success in occasional circumstances of almost un- paralleled difficulty. (^Ilear, hear.) Now, he (Earl Galloway), feeling the importance of unanimity on the present occasion, would not, if such should not be the wish of the House, propose any — even the slightest — verbal amendment, for the purpose of embodying such a sentiment in the motion, liut he was forcibly reminded by this vote of thanks to his fellow-men — speaking as a Christian man to a Christian assembly — of what was due, not only by the Parliament, but also by the country, to the alone Source of all nu-rcy and all power ; and it appeared to him that if ever there was a time in our history when national thanksgiving to the Almighty was demanded, it was the present time. For while these events and this struggle had been going on in the East, Europe had been convulsed ; and, amid the turmoil and the wreck of sur- rounding nations, it had pleased God to permit us to preserve our insti- tutions in Church anil State inviolate. (Hear.) We had certainly had our trials, but we had not been driven, as other nations had been driven, by despair to resort to remedies infinitely worse than the evils com- plained of. Under these circumstances he called upon their lordships, and especially on the right reverend prelates who were present, to second his apjjeal to Her Majesty's Ministers, that they would take these matters into consideration, with the view of adrising the Sovereign to appoint a day of general thanksgi\'ing for the signal mercies which had been vouchsafed to the country, accompanied by a national acknow- ledgment of our unworthiness of them. (Hear, hear.) The Duke of ^\'EI.LI^•GTO^■. — Jly lords, 1 do not object to the pro- position of the noble lord who has just addressed the House, but I do not believe it is exactly the subject of your lordships' present discus- sion. (Hear.) If the noble lord thinks proper to introduce such a motion, I am certain the House will be most willing to take it into consideration (hear) ; but the object of your lordships to-day, is to take into consideration the propriety of voting your thanks to the Army, for the recent glorious services and victories in India. (Cheers.) My lords, it has fallen to my lot to consider the great difficulties under which this war has been conducted ; and, my lords, I must say that, in no case, have I seen a stronger reason to applaud, than in the conduct of all those concerneil in carrying out those operations u])on which your lordships are now called upon to pass your approbation. (Hear, hear.) My lords, the present war originated in the e.\ti*aordinary perfidy ami faithlessness of tlie servant and officer of the Lahore Government. The Governor, who was left the guardian of the infant Rajah of the Punjaub, was bound by treaties to control the country, and give us assistance in carry- ing out the operations in which we were engaged. All the servants of that Government, however, betrayed their trust. Moolraj, the Governor of Mooltan and the countiy under the protection of that fortress, betrayed his trust, and refused to deliver the conmiand of it up to the officer sent to relieve him ; and, moreover, murdered two gentlemen sent by the British Resident, in order to superintend the delivery of the fortress to the officer selected by the officers of the Rajah for its control. This act of treachery and insubordination was followed by the revolt of the whole country in the neighbourhood. My lords, it was followed by degrees, one after another, by treacheries, revolts, and insurrections of all parts of the country — by the revolt of no less than tliree other for- tresses, all of which disobeyed the orders of Government. The troops were in a ?tate of mutiny and insurrection ; and all these difficulties were to be got the better of at the same moment j and this at a season of the year during which it would be absolutely impossible to put European troops into the field, and scarcely possible for Native troops : but European troops and officers could not take tlie field at that season of the year. But, my lords, by the great care and attention of the Governor- General, the officers of his Government, and the Commander-in-Chief and the officers under him, bodies of men were, by degrees, collected ; and this force, assisted by Artillery, was sent to Mooltan, which was immediately invested. Another force was sent to aid and sujiport other garrisoned places. A force was sent to Lahore, and other i)arts of the Sikh territory, under the treaty. My lords, the siege could not be com- menced in the month of September, notwithstanding the breach of the original treaty and the murder of these two young men. The ground, however, was broken in September. On the l-lth of September, after considerable progress had been made, it was found necessary, however, to lodge troops in certain towns, in order to carry on operations with advantage ; and the siege was accordingly raised for the time, and the armament engaged in it dissolved; the Sikh array, under Shere Singh, which had been sent down to co-operate with the Indian army in the attack, having revolted and gone over to the enemy. The siege, there- fore, was raised on the llth September; but, in the meantime, the Governor-General and the officers in command of the trooj)s, in ditferent parts of the cimntry, had adopted measures for bringing up troops from all i)arts to co-operate in keeping down insurrection. A force was sent from Ildinbay, landed at Kurrachee. and was marched on Mocdtan. It arrived tliere under Sir H. Dundas, the very day before Moolt^m was attacked by General Whish. My lords, these Bombay troops carried some of the works of Mooltan, and gained possession of parts of the town. I mention these circumstances, my lords, in order to induce you to bestow your thanks on General Dundas and the troo|is under his command, for the part they took in the capture of Mooltan. I know, my lords, these troops were brought to thi' siege after marching from Kurrachee to Mooltan, in the very worst season of the year, and arrived in such a state as to be able to form in line of attack the morning after their arrival. I mention this in justice to General Dundas, because it was one of the most remarkable circumstances in these operations. (Hear.) While this siege was going on, the Governor-General and the Commander-in-Chief had formed a corps to cover and protect the be- sieging army, and to keep the country, which was in a general state of insurrection, tranquil, as well as to observe the movements of Moolraj, and to prevent him and the troops collected in their front disturbing the operations of the siege. The Commamler-in-Chief, Lord Gough, was at the head of this covering army, anil had occasion to fight the ditferent actions to which the noble marquis has referred, in all of which uniform success was the result. No doubt loss was sustained in some of those aears that among the force ordered up was a body of Mahomedans, raised in Scinde. Four or five hundred of these Scinde Horse were sent, under the command of Lieutenant Malcolm, and t/iere wa^ not a white man amonynt them ; yet Lieutenant Malcolm led them from the banks of the Indus to the Hydaspes, and came into line on the famous 2 1st of February. And this was the manner in which he found the exploit of these Mahomedans, led by a British oflicer, fighting against Mahomedans, described in a despatch from Brigadier- General Dundas to the Adjutant-General of the Bengal army. " About the same time," said Brigadier Dundas, "an opportunity was given for Lieutenant Malcolm to charge with the Scinde Horse. I am sorry I did not witness that charge, which was made home upon a body of Affgban cavalrv, and in which a chief of rank, said to be a son of Dost Mahomed, was "killed, with many of his followers. This excellent regiment has again equally distinguished itself; and Lord Gough expressed to me on the field that their conduct was magnificent. Major-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, who saw this feat, calls it a glorious charge." He (Sir J. Hobhouse) mentioned this as a proof of the great influence exercised by the British officers, and to show how it was that they made the natives fight against men even of their own reUgion. (Hear, hear.) Not only did the cavafry and artillery — he need say nothing about the infantry, for their merits were too well known— but even the very fleet of boats which were em- ployed to take up the troops, and convey them across the Chenaub, to form a junction with Lord Gough — the boatmen themselves, and those who commanded them, performed the most essential services ; for he found it stated in the nest despatch from the Adjutant-General to Lord Gough, that — " I have also the satisfaction to report to his excellency the zealous and able manner in which Captain Cunningham and Lieu- tenant Paton performed the duty assigned to them, by bringing up the fleet of boats ordered by his excellency from Ramnuggur, and placing them so as to enable the portion of the army on the other side of the Chenaub to co-operate and come up." Having stated the results of the general action itself, and mentioned some of the principal persons whose names would be found in the resolution, it was now his duty to call the attention of the House to the names of some of the officers, besides Major Edwardes and Lieutenant Lake, who were employed upon de- tached service, and who, when the issue of the war was doubtful, and before the grand army appeared in the field, performed services which entitled them to the gratitude of the country. And this they did alone and unassisted, solely by their own energy, and by that moral influence which their courage and character had invested them with. He would first mention the name of Captain James Abbott, who succeeded in raising the Mahomedan population in his district against the rebel chief, Chutter Singh, and contrived to keep him in check for two months, so as to prevent him from joining the main body of the rebels. In a despatch from the Governor-General to the secret committee he found an extract in these words : — '* Captain Abbott has been heard of up to the 25th of February, at which time he was quite safe, and confident in his resources, although at that time he had not heard of the decisive victory at Goojerat. It is a gratifying spectacle to witness the intrepid bearing of this officer in the midst of difficulties of no ordinary kind, — not only maintaining his position, but offering a bold front, at one tune to the Sikhs, at another to the Affghans, notwithstanding that religious fanaticism must have been at work to seduce his Mahomedan levies to desert his cause. He must have secured the attachment of the wild people amongst whom he has been thrown by his mild and conciUatory demeanour in times of peace, as well as by his gallantry as their leader in action ; thus enhancing the credit of our national character, and pre- paring the way for the easy occupation of an almost impregnable country." And now the Hazareh country was entirely in our hands, in consequence of these operations. He would next advert to the gallant exploits of another officer, which, if it were possible, were almost as extraordinary as those of Captedn James Abbott, This officer was but a simple lieutenant — be alluded to Lieutenant Herbert, who was detached on the 1st of September from Peshawur to Attock. When he got there he found a force of 800 irregular Pattialah Mahomedans, of whom he took the command for a short time; but at the fall of Peshawur those troops became mutinous ; and the Governor- General, writing of Lieu- tenant Herbert, on the 22nd of November, said — " It cannot be expected that the garrison will continue loyal, after the open revolt of their brethren at Peshawur. December G. — Lieutenant Herbert says, * The tenure of the fort of Attock is becoming extremely precarious. Serious symptoms of insubordination have exhibited themselves among the men. No effort is spared to excite treachery within. Though anxious to make a sally upon the enemy's guns, I am prevented by being unable to place any longer confidence in my men. Scarcely a night passes without desertions. W'e have now been blockaded for twentj'-seven days.' December 19. — Lieutenant Herbert says, * It is not so much physical force that I fear as the effect of the constant efforts of the enemy to spread treachery. The Almighty has, in his great mercy, permitted of my holding the fort for forty days, and on him I hope that I may be able to do so longer ; but, humanly speaking, it would appear almost impossible.*" But in the midst of all those disadvantages, with a very small force of a few hundred men, whom he could not trust, and sur- rounded by from 8,000 to 10,000 men, with heavy batteries in front of him, battering their poor wretched fortress, as he described it, that gallant officer held it until the 22ud of February ; when, having assem- bled the leaders of his small force, who represented that they could not defend it longer, he was let down from the fort into a boat upon the Indus. His escape was, however, but for a short period. The gallant officer was soon after taken captive, and was now in confinement. Another officer whose services were most efficacious was an officer who had kept the frontier near the Bunnoo territory, and cleared it entirely of the enemy ; for, by a despatch which he (Sir J. Hobhouse) then held in his hand from Lord Dalhousie, it appeared that there was not now an enemy left on that frontier, althougii this gallant officer was assisted only by one British officer. He (Sir J. Hobhouse) thought the House and the country might associate those brave men in their grateful recol- lections of the glorious exploits of this campaign. (Cheers.) It was one of the peculiar advantages and distinctions of the East Indian service that men of comparatively raw material, placed in situations of isolated responsibility, showed themselves fully equal to that resijonsibility, and performed their duties with all the judgment that coiild be expected from matured and long experience. (Cheers.) But whilst mentioning those who had been fortunately sjiared, they must not forget those also who had in this campaign fought on their last battle-field. They must not forget Cureton, and Havelock, and Fitzgerald, and Pennycuick, and others, whose names he might repeat — whose memory would be long dear to them, and who, though they had not survived to share in this triumph, had still left behind them an example that would be a benefit to the country and a glory to their families. (Cheers.) Before con- cluding, he would relate an anecdote with which he had recently become acquainted. The son of Brigadier Pennycuick, some time ago, went to , a friend of his, and showed him a letter, observing, ** How you will envy | me now !" That letter was an order for him to join his father in India. , The boy went out and joined the army ; and when his father fell, he rushed forward to cover the corpse, and in that situation himself fell mortally wounded. He (Sir J. Hobhouse) came now to the Com- SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 253 mander-in-Ctiief, whose good fortune it had been to close a long and honorable career with this great and decisive victory. That noble and gallant officer had received from a gracious Sovereign and from a grateful Parliament rewards which would hold him up, and deservedly, to his country, as one of her bravest soldiers ; and he was sure that, amongst all those honors and distinctions, there was no honor and no distinction which he would more highly prize than the thanks of the representatives of that people to whose military glory he had added so much, and to whose dominion he had contributnl another claim to security. (Loud cheers.) The right honorable gentleman concluded bis speech by moving the resolutions. (For which see Lords' report.) The Marquis of Granbv rose to second the motion ; but in conse- quence of the noise occasioned by honorable members leaving the House, his observations were nearly wholly inaudible. He was understood to express his gratification at the achievement of the British troops and the valour displayed by them during the campaign, and believed that the victory had been so complete as to remove all danger of revolt for the fiiture. (.\pplause.) Sir R. Peel. — Sir, I trust the House will permit mc to express the cordial satisfaction with which I shall give my vote for the proposal of the right honorable gentleman. (Cheers.) I should not have presumed to add my voice to that of the right honorable gentleman U]ion this occasion if it were not that, on four previous occasions, I had been a party to proceedings by which the merits of Lord Gough had been brought under the consideration of the Commons House of Parliament — for his services in the China war, for the battle of Ferozppore, for the battle of Sobraon, and on the occasion when I had the satisfaction of announcing to the House the distinction conferred by Her Majesty upon Lord Ciough for his glorious achievements, and when I asked the House to perform that duty which they so readily and cordially discharged, of marking their sense, by a pecuniary provision, of the senices rendered. (Hear.) It was with the utmost satisfaction that I saw that the noble soldier had closed a long career of victory and of glory by an achieve- ment worthy of his former exploits. (Cheers.) He has now, I beUeve, for fifty-four years served the Crown of England ; and if, at an earlier period of the campaign, there were any doubts as to the ultimate result, in those doubts I never shared. I felt the utmost confidence that, in its result, this campaign would redound to the honor of Lord Gough — that in its result it would give a new security to British dominion. (Cheers.) Sir, I heartily rejoice at the glorious termination of this campaign. 1 rejoice especially at the numerous proofs given by the right honorable gentleman that great exploits have been performed, not by veterans inured to senice, but by young men, assuming great responsibility, and giving examples worthy the name of Englishmen. When such things are done by the aged, and such examples are set by the young, I never can despair of my countrymen. (Cheers.) I hope the House will excuse these remarks ; but I could not bear that the testimony given to the services of Lord Gough should close without taking advantage of this occasion to repeat the satisfaction which I have derived from the contemplation of liose services. (Cheers.) Sir J. W. Hogg wished to add a word or two to the testimony already given relative to the conduct of the noble lord the Governor- General, of Lord Gough, and of the gallant army, whose services had been so glorious. (Hear, hear.) When Lord Dalhousie proceeded to India, he did so in the confident hope and expectation that his would be the duty of developing and disclosing the resources of the country. Then there was peace, and every prospect of peace ; but, unfortunately, that pros- pect was soon blighted by the unfortunate outbreak at Mooltan. When the account reached Calcutta of the treacherous murder of two British officers in the actual discharge of their public duty, Lord Dalhousie hesitated not for a moment, but determined, at all costs, to avenge the atrocious act, and vindicate the honor of the British Government. (Hear, hear.) He applied to the vast resources of India in such a manner as to place at the disposal of Lord Gough that army which achieved the glorious victory for which the thanks of Parliament were now about to be vot(^. (Hear, hear.) The result of the hist battle was doubly gratifying — it was gratifying as giving a death-blow to the rebellion in the Punjaub, and it was gratifying as maintaining to the last the character of the veteran chief as a gallant and suc(X'Ssful general. (Heiu', hear.) It was now thirteen years since Lord Gough proceeded to India. For two or three years ho commanded the army of Madras; for nearly three years he commanded the expedition in China; for nearly six years he had had the chief command of the army in India. During that period Lord Gough had fought fifteen pitched battles, and triumphed in every one of them. (Cheers.) With the permission of the House, he would read an extract from a letter written by Lord Gough to a private friend, giving an account of the last battle ; the letter was dated, "Camp, Goojerat, March 4, 1849." He said: — "I send you a rough sketch, but a verj' true one, of my last and best action ; I .say my Last, as I have this day applied to his Grace to recommend a successor to Her Majesty for the proud position I have so long occupied ; 1 say best, betsiuse, both for the action itself and its annihilating effects, I feel it well and justly merits that observation. The Sikhs have successively evacuated all the strong passes in the hilly country towards Rawull Pindee. The few guns they have are scattered in twos and threes. Several Sirdars have surrendered, or are about to surrender themselves. How far the Dost will attempt to defend his ill-gotten tcrritorj', it is difficult to conjecture ; but 1 have pushed forward my very best and most energetic officer. Sir Walter Gilbert, with a force capable and willing to carry out the views of the Government." A more complete victory, he (Sir J. Hogg) believed, had never been obtained; it was not only complete as a victory, but he trusted it would be complete and final in its results. The retreat was, almost immediately, converted into a flight. The Sikhs first threw away their armour, to facilitate their escape, and then their clothes, in order to avoid detection. But if a further and stronger proof were wanted of a complete and final victory having being achieved, it would be found in the letter which he had just read ; for it was not to be supposed Lord Gough would have asked the Duke of Welhngton to relieve him from his office, if he had not felt confident that his services would not be again in requisition. Lord Gough would soon return to his home, and he trusted that the gallant veteran would Uve long to enjoy the honours and rewards that had been conferred upon him by his gracious Sovereign and his grateful country. (Cheers.) He was very fortunate in finding a General Whish, an officer of experience, to assist him in his operations. General Whish brought all his experience to bear on the siege of Mooltan, and he was entitled to obtain the greater admiration of this House, because of the caution he exhibited when he found himself, through the treacherous desertion of Shere Singh, not possessing sufficient force to obtain pos.session of the place without the risk of life, which he was not willing to undergo. Here was a general pursuing a course that would not uselessly hazard the life of his soldiers, who waited for his reinforcements, and the very day after they arrived from Bombay he invested the place, and, by his energy and his science, made himself master of a most formidable for- tress. (Hear.) General Whish, too, had exhibited his skill; for, on joining the army of Lord Gough, he so manoeuvered his forces as to prevent Shere Singh from crossing the Jhelum. All their troops, European and Native, had each contributed to their victories, and in so doing maintained their high character for discipline. Although the people of this country could not but be disgusted to hear of the perfidy of the Sikh chiefs, still it must be some satisfaction to hear that there was not one man of the four Sikh Troops, officered by Europeans, who had deserted his colours. (Hear.) Of these four regiments, two had been engaged in putting down the rebellion, and not a man had deserted. He did, then, believe that the Sikhs, when officered by Europeans, well treated and well paid, and conscious that, when worn out or disabled in the service, they would be pensioned, would be found able, zealous, and faithful soldiers. (Hear.) They must all regret the necessity for war on this occasion ; but then their only consolation in the case of this war was, that it was just and righteous, and they all knew that its termina- tion had been glorious. Should such a calamity be again forced upon them, they had the consolation of knowing that they had so many junior members in the service, who would be found experienced generals in the field ; and he was glad that, on this occasion, his right honorable friend the President of the Board of Control had remembered the names ! of so many young officers. There was no one but a person acquainted ! with India, who could be aware of the responsibility that was frequently thrown upon officers, both military and civil, in India. The eye of the public was not upon them, and they were not cheered by the public voice. There was nothing to support them, but the consciousness of having discharged their duty. It was of importance that all persons so placed should be aware, that no matter how distant might be the place in which they were, nor how obscure their station, that still the eye of their counfry was upon them ; and that, whenever they distinguished themselves, they would receive the notice of a gracious Sovereign and the thanks of a grateful country. (Hear, hear.) He did believe that peace was now finally restored to India, and that they might now look to a continuance of peace ; and he hoped that the distinguished noble- man, Lord Dalhousie, would be able to give his undivided exertions to the internal improvement and development of the resources of the country, and of everything connected with the internal administration of India, and that might aid in increasing the happiness and prosperity of its inhabitants. (Hear, hear.) Sir R. Inglis said he did not rise to interfere with that course of eulogy, in which members of both sides indulged in bestowing their praises upon those who had deserved well of their country ; but still he was unwiUing that such a discussion should terminate without expressing a feeling which, he trusted, was entertained by others as strongly as by himself, and that was, that their thanks were due, for the unparalleled successes that had attended their arms, to that Supreme Power that ruled, guided, and governed aU things. Lord Gough, in one of his despatches, and that distinguished young man, in a paragraph of one of his letters, quoted by his right honorable friend the President of the Board of Control, observed that of which he now reminded them, that they should recollect that it was to the God of Armies they owed their success — to Him, and not to the skill of the old or the valour of the young. (Hear.) It might not be necessary for him to say, that he never had depreciated the t;ilent of Lord Gough, as no man could have dared to impugn his courage ; and he could not but express the hope that Her ilajesty would confer some further mark of her gracious favour upon that excellent and veteran officer. On a former occasion he had referred to Sir Joseph Thackwell, and he was sorry that his name was not more specially referred to on this occasion. Mr. Hume, upon this occasion, could not avoid expressing his regret that the Order of the Bath could not be conferreil upon the officers of the East India Company. Such was the regulation of Lord Grey, and he could not but protest against it. In giving their thanks to a certain number of officers, her Majesty ought to be enabled to .select a number of those who were not included in the vote by name. His right honor- able friend, in naming General Cureton, had observed that it must be a consolation to their families to know that they had died in ujjholding the glory of their countrj- ; but then, he said, the country should look to the families of those who had been thus left desolate. (Cheers.) He could nami', for instance, a father and son who had both died in the same field of battle, and whose properly was vested in their commissions. (Hear, hear.) He only wished, then, for the House to consider this, that they should not be satisfied with expressing their thanks to the living, b\it also prove their gratitude to the dead. (Clu-ers.) Mr. Gladstone said the honorable gentleman (Mr. Hume) stated, that the Order of the Bath could not be couferred on any officer in the 254 RECORDS OF THE East India Company's service; and that this exclusion was enforced under an order from Lord Grey. He felt a strong impression tliat the honorahle gentleman was mistaken. There had always been a rule that the Order of the Bath could not be bestowed upon any persons below a certain rank ; but if Lord Grey had made any new regulation, the House ought to be acquainted with it. Mr. Hume observed that, by Lord Grey's regulation, not more than one hundred officers of the East Lidia Compauy could have the Order of the Bath. There were more than that number having the Order ; and therefore, until that number was reduced, the Order of the Bath could not be given to any military officer in the service of the East India Company. Sir J. HoBHOusE said, there was no particular exclusion of officers in the East India Company's service. Mr. Hume said, that the order for civilians was unlimited, but for military men limited. Lord J. Russell replied, that that was a mistake. The Order of the Bath was e.ttended in 1815; but it was then limited in point of numbers, and, unless it was so limited, it would hardly be a distinction. Lord Grey had advised the adoption of a new statute, but it was one by which the numbers were limited both for civiUans and military men. In any case, however, calling for an extraordinary statute, the numbers might be extended for a particular occasion. Mr. Mangles expressed his confidence in the Indian Army ; and remarked that, when he heard the noble lord at the head of the Govern, ment speak of that army as in jeopardy — [Lord J. Russell : I did not say anything of the kind.] — when he heard the noble lord say that such and such steps must be taken for their security, he wondered, with his recollection of that army, that it could be supposed that it was necessary to take steps at this distance to save them. Surely, when they had such officers in India as they had heard eulogised on that occa- sion, it must have been unnecessary to send over a general officer to take the command of the army there. Surely, it could not be necessary to send a general from this country, a distance of 15,000 miles, to lead the army to victory. Lord JocELYN, in reply to the observations of Mr. Hume, said that the regulation limiting the granting of honours to officers of the Indian Army was the same as that which applied to officers in the Queen's service. Lord J. Russell, in reference to what had fallen from Mr. Mangles, said that when, on a former occasion, Mr. Hume alluded to the accounts from India, he certainly did reply that the subject had been under the consideration of the Government, and that Sir Charles Napier had been appointed by Her Majesty to the command-in-chief of the army in India ; but he expressed no despondency whatever with regard to the result of the campaign ; on the contrary, he felt the most entire confi- dence in the Indian Army ; and he stated that he did think it a proper step to take to advise Her Majesty to appoint Sir Charles Napier Commander-in-Chief, inasmuch as he had an intimate acquaintance with India, had served in India before, and had rendered services of the most brilliant and distinguished character, and that it was his opinion that such an appointment was calculated to maintain the credit of the British arms in that country. Every one knew that, as Lord Gough's full period of service would soon expire, they might expect at any moment to receive such an announcement as that they had now received, and that tlie noble and gallant officer might ask for the appointment of a successor. He (Lord J . Russell) begged to repeat that he had never experienced any despondency with regard to the result of that campaign. The Honorable Gentleman had attributed words to him that he had never uttered ; and he would now only say further, that he sincerely rejoiced that Lord Gough had had occasion to meet the enemy in the field, and inflict upon them that signal discomfiture which had added so much to his inilitary fame. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Mangles explained that he did not attribute any expressions of despondency to the noble lord ; he merely said that such expressions had been used in this House and the country. Mr. H. Grattan said that the vote of to-night would prove satis- factory, not merely to this House but to the country to which Lord Gough belonged. It had been the fate of Ireland to incur the indigna- tion of those who were the vehicles of public news, and also the vehicles of private slander ; and when the glorious career of the noble and gallant officer happened to be, in their opinion, a little obfuscated (a laugh), they at once opened their batteries upon him, and attacked him because he came from Ireland. All he (Mr. Grattan) could say was, that he trusted England would have many more such victories, and many more such Goughs and Napiers, and such Tipperary gentlemen. (Hear, and laughter.) Colonel Dunne expressed his admiration of the military abilities of Lord Gough. Sir R. Peel said that, as the resolution of thanks to Lord Dalhousie was about to be put separately from the chair, he would take that opportunity of stating how cordially he joined in the expression of the pubbc approbation of that noble lord, who had won his way to public eminence and the high station he now filled by the exhibition of those quahties which would have ensured his success, even though he had not had the advantage of rank and title. By his judgment, temper, and persevering industry, he had secured the confidence and good opinion of every one with whom he had come in contact. And he (Sir R. Peel) could not help saying also, that he thought the noble lord (J. Russell) and Her Majesty's Government were entitled to great credit for acqui- escing at once in the recommendation of the East India Company, and selecting to fill one of the highest posts under the Crown a man who had no immediate political connection with themselves, but whose political opinions they did not seek to fetter by the imposition of any obligations which would be incompatible with his perfect independence. (Hear, hear.) The resolutions were then put seriatim, and carried unanimously. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 255 Sir, Hth Oetob.T, 1«.)8. 1 have the honor to forward lierewith, for the information of the Com- missioner, a copy of a letter addi'essed by me this day to Captain Forbes, Resi- dent at Khyrpoor. Notwithstanding numerous former complaints preferred by me against the Jagheerdar alluded to in that letter, no effectual means have been taken by His Highness Meer Ali Morad to prevent the recurrence of his misconduct, or to remedy its injurious efi'ccts to the British interests on this frontier. I was informed by Captain Forbes, in reply to a former complaint of mine against this man A/.ecm Khan, that he had been deprived of his Jagheer of Budanec by His Highness the Meer, but this forfeiture appears not to have been carried into effect, and the man has lately returned to Budance, where he is endeavouring to do as much mischief to the British interests as he can. This Azeem Khan is a notorious traitor, his father is in the service of Moolraj at Mooltan, and the son being a man of considerable property and power, is capable of doing much mischief. As it appeared to me likely that the safety of the frontier might be endangered by his proceedings, I have ordered him to be arrested, and my intention is to send him prisoner to Khyi-poor, and I trust that the Commissioner will take effectual measures to have him punished and to prevent misconduct on his part in future. I have the honor, &c.. To the Secretary to the (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major. Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. ! Sir, Sth October, 1848. [ I have the honor to bring to your notice that Azeem Khan Jagheerdar, of I Budanee, of whose conduct I have so often been obliged to complain to you, vide No. u.'i, dated 22nd I letters noted in the margin, has, as I have already informed you, returned to Bu- dated 29^th'jui!^''i 848- , danee, and his misconduct has been more outrageous than before. On the 1st No. 149, dated 29th October a detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse, 500 strong, under com- dated iotWuiv*'i848'- mand of Lieutenant Merewether, en route to Bhawulpoor, arrived at the post of No. i64, dated 24th' Koomree, five or six miles from Budanee ; and to provide for this detachment I ^^Jj^ 4th Dec^'isls''' had pre\'iously sent Moonshee Shumboo Dyal and other persons to Budanee to collect supplies, &c. and bring them to Koomree, there being no village at the latter place ; the supplies required were collected accordingly, and were about to be taken to Koomree, when the above-mentioned Azeem Khan came and seized all the provisions, and gave orders that nothing should go from Budanee for our use. He also gave orders that no labourers are to go from Budanee for the public works on the frontier, and even proceeded to stop them by force. The man, as I reported to you formerly, has since the rebellion in Mooltan (where his father is) been acting as an enemy to the British Government, and former im- punity, notwithstanding my complaints against him, has now made him more impudent in his hostile acts. As the man is now openly opposing me in the execution of my pubUc duty, I have the honor to inform you that I have ordered him to be arrested, and shall send him prisoner to you at Khyi-poor. I have the honor, &c.. To Captain Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, ' Resident at Khyrpoor. Commanding the Frontier. Sir, nth October, 1848. I have the honor to report, that on the 8th instant a suwar of the Scinde Irregular Horse, wlio had been sent from the post of Koomree to Kusmore with a letter, and was returning to the former place, fell in with a party of fifteen or sixteen marauders, fully armed, who were carrying off four camels with their loads belonging to Bunneahs who were proceeding to Koomree with supplies. The marauders attacked and fired at the suwar, three of them rushed at and ^»»''"- J""- Maimmed. attempted to seize him, but he shot one of them dead, and not being able to do more alone, galloi)ed off to his post at Koomree ; from that place a party imme- diately went in pursuit of the robbers, recovered the stolen property, and came on the men at the village of Gheehulpoor, between Koomree and Kusmore, belonging to His Highness Meer Ali Morad, and lately given in jagheer by him, as I am informed, to a certain Mr. Strange. On the arrival of the party of the Scinde 256 RECORDS OF THE nth October, 1848. 11th October, 1848. 13th October, 1848. In'egular Horse at Gheehulpooi' the robbers again fled, three of them were cap- tured at that village, the remainder escaped, but being seen and pursued by the suwars, four more were captured at the village of Omerkote. On the an'ival of the prisoners and witnesses at Khanghur I shall be able to report particulars more clearly. The robbers are Muzzarees residing within the Scinde border. On the 7th of October eighty Murrees, horsemen (this tribe formerly had few or no horsemen, but within the last year or two appears to have many), were plundering and murdering along the Lharee river as far as Kutpaul, some fourteen miles south-west of Lharee, whence they carried off about one hundred head of cattle, killing some of the herdsmen. On the 8th another party of Murrees (some thirty-five horsemen) were plun- dering about the town of Kunda, on the edge of the Cutchee side of the desert, whence they carried off about fifty camels ; some horsemen in the service of the Kelat Government pursued the latter part yof robbers, but on their approach, the latter dismounted to fight, on which the others, thinking the enemy too strong to be attacked, retired to Kunda. As already reported, I have found it necessaiy to aiTest Azeem Khan Jagheerdar, of Budanee ; the man arrived here in custody this morning, and will be forwarded to-morrow a prisoner to Khyrpoor. Nothing else of importance has occurred on the fi-ontier during the past week. I have the honor, &c.. To the Secretary to the (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. Sir, I have the honor to bring to your notice that, on the 8th instant, a party of robbers (sixteen in number, well armed) carried off four camels, loaded with grain, &c., between the frontier posts of Koomree and Kusmore. The robbers were first seen by a single suwar, of the Scinde Irregular Horse, who was proceeding along the road on duty. The robbers attacked, fired at, and tried to seize him ; but the suwar shot one of them dead, and galloped off to Koomree, a party from which place immediately pursued the marauders, recovered the stolen property, and came on the robbers at the village of Gheehulpoor. Three of the robbers were taken at that village ; the remainder made theu* escape, but were instantly pursued by the suwars, and four more were taken at the village of Omerkote ; the remaining eight escaped. I have not yet seen the robbers, and shall be able to report fui-ther after their amval. They are Muzzarees, residing within the Scinde border, and appear to have had a perfect understanding with the people of Gheehulpoor, who have, on former occasions, lately sent me insolent messages, and endeavoured to obstruct me in the perform- ance of my public duty in guarding this frontier. I am informed that Gheehul- poor has been given in jagheer by His Highness Meer Ali Morad to a certain Mr. Strange, and that the people of Gheehulpoor are acting under his orders. Who this gentleman may be I know not ; but I have the honor to request that you will have the goodness to take such effective measures as may seem to you to be necessary to prevent Mr. Strange, or any of the subjects of His Highness the Meer, from harbouring and assisting robbers, or opposing and annoying me in the execution of my duties. I have the honor, &c., To Captain Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Resident at Khyrpoor. Commanding the Frontier. Sir, I have the honor to bring to your notice that I have received numerous complaints of the conduct of the inhabitants of the village of Gheehulpoor, who are in the habit of frequently either marauding themselves, or assisting and harbouring marauders. I beg leave herewith to forward a copy of a report on the subject, received from the Moonshee of His Highness the Meer, the contents of which I have ascertained to be true ; and I have the honor to request that measures may be taken to prevent in future the lawless proceedings complained of I have the honor, &c., To Captain Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Resident at Khyrpoor. Commanding the Frontier. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 257 SlR^ ICth October, 1848. 1 am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letters, Nos. 180 and 185, dated respectively the 5th and 8th instant. 2. — The Commissioner fully enters into your anxiety to accompany any detach- ment of your Regiment which may proceed heyond the frontier on field sei-vice, and is not insensible to the advantage of your presence with them as regards that sei-vice. At the same time he would, at any time, but more especially in times such as the present, feel considerable hesitation in giving his assent to your absence fi-om the superintendence of the frontier ; and in the state of affairs represented in the last of your letters, under acknowledgment, he fully recognises the propriety of your resolution to remain at your post — an opinion in which he has the concurrence of the Brigadier commanding the division, with whom he has communicated on the subject. 3. — The Commissioner will await with some anxiety your further report of the state of affairs on the fi-ontier, and relies on your vigilance for adopting every needful precaution for its security. I have the honor, &c.. To Major Jacob, Commanding the Frontier. (Signed) J. SURTEES, Assistant- Secretary to the Commissioner in Scinde. Sir, I have the honor to forward herewith a copy of depositions, made before me, in the matter of the marauding party, reported in my last weekly report of the state of the frontier. The seven prisoners I have in custody at Khanghur. The other witnesses not having yet an-ived, their depositions are not taken. I beg leave also to report" that great doubt and uneasiness has been caused in the minds of the Belooch settlers at Janeydeyra, &c., by their having been lately transfeiTcd, with their lands, to the government of His Highness Meer Ah Morad, of Khyrpoor ; and as the thing may possibly ultimately cause disorders on the frontier, I think it right that the Commissioner should know w-hat these people tiiiuk of this proceeding, which is in substance as follows : — They surrendered to the British General, for the purpose of becoming British subjects, and being settled on British territoiy. These terms were clearly expressed, insisted on by them (the Belooches), and fully agi-eed to by the British Government. Some of their fi-iends, who were wath them in the same predica- ment at Trukkce, did sun-ender to Meer Ali Morad ; but these people positively refused to submit or trust to the Meer, and confided solely on the good faith of the British, to whom alone they surrendered. The terms on which they did surrender, as above mentioned, were faithfully kept by the British Government ; and they (the Belooches) were, accordingly, located in British territoiy as British subjects at Janeydeyi-a, &c., and remained so for nearly fom* years. All this time not a word was said of any claim of Meer Ali Morad's to their lands or to then- allegiance, although the Meer himself was with the British General at the time ; yet now suddenly they find themselves (they say) to then- consternation and dismay, handed over like a lot of cattle, with their lands, as subjects to His Highness Meer Ali Morad, of Khyrpoor, in consequence of some new arrangements made between the two Governments. I understand that the Belooch chiefs, and others, talk much among themselves of, what they consider, the injustice and breach of faith towards them of this proceeding, declaring that they will be true subjects of the British Government in all things, but will not acknowledge Meer Ali Morad as their master. On the night of the IGth instant I received intelligence of the assembly of a considerable force of the hill plunderers, composed of the most disorderly characters of the Murrees, Boogtees, Khctrances, &c., to the number of 500 men, horse and foot, at ]\Iund, with the intention of carrpng off cattle from Ooch, and then endeavouring to plunder on the Scinde border. 1 do not, however, imagine that any attempt will be in reality made by these plunderers on the British territory. I have people looking out in all directions ; our patrols proceed daily and nightly, to long distances, from various points along the frontier line, so that, finding the attempt hopeless, the marauders 18th October, 1848. Will, in a our reach . 11 probability, disperse again without ever risking themselves within 258 RECORDS OF THE 18th October, 1848. They may, perhaps, attempt to plunder the Kyheerees ; but the latter do not appear much alarmed, and will, I hope, be able, with some show of assistance from me, to protect themselves. That part of Cutchee occupied by the Kyheerees has, as yet, been free from plunderers, by whom the whole of the rest of the province is completely overrun. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. 23rd October, 1848. SiR, I have the honor to bring to your notice that I found it necessary, a short time since, in consequence of circumstances already reported to you, to send a detachment to the village of Gheehulpoor, to be posted there for the protection of that part of the frontier. Certain persons at that place, calling themselves servants of Mr. Strange, have thought proper to tell the Duffedar commanding the party that he should not remain there, and to insist on his quitting the village with his men ; on the Duffedar refusing to do so, the persons above-mentioned gave orders to all the villagers and others that they were, on no account, to supply the suwars with forage, grain, or anything else they required ; and threatened with severe punish- ment any man who should supply them with anything. I shall be obliged by your causing the persons thus obstructing me in my public duty to be brought to condign punishment. Some time ago I gave leave to Ahmed Khan — who was attached to me by His Highness the Meer, to manage affiiirs with his sub- jects — to proceed to Khyrpoor ; he has not yet returned, and I shall be obliged by your directing him to join me forthwith, as his presence is much required. I have the honor, &c.. To Captain Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Resident at Khyrpoor. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 23rd October, 1848. SiR, I have the honor to forward, herewith, a Persian report from the Moonshee of His Highness the Meer, Shumboo Dyal, on the subject of the conduct of the people of Gheehulpoor ; and request that you will have the goodness to move His Highness the Meer to order the people now living about in the jungle to reside, at night at least, in the village, their present mode of life tending, more than anything else, to the continuance of robbery and crime of all sorts on the border. I have the honor, &c.. To Captain Forbes, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Resident at Khyrpoor. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 24th October, 1848. SiR, Having been informed by Lieutenant Malcolm, second in command 2nd Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, that orders have been issued for him to join the field force about to proceed on service beyond the frontier, in command of four squadrons — or as many as can be spared — and the head quarters of the 2nd Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse ; I beg leave to point out that the detach- ment of 500 men, lately withdrawn from the frontier and now at Subzulkote under command of Lieutenant Merewether, is as great a number of men as it would be prudent to withdraw, under present circumstances, from this frontier ; j and that the departure of 300 men more, to complete that detachment to four squadrons, would be attended with great danger to the peace of the countiy, ^ unless the squadron of the Scinde In-egular Horse, now at Hyderabad, could be , spared for frontier service, or some other troops be sent to supply the place of those proceeding to join the Mooltan Force. I also beg leave to point out that the detachment at Subzulkote being already across the Indus, and so far on its road complete and ready in every respect, it may be thought advisable to take it on as it stands, instead of sending back the officers and men of the 1 st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, and replacing them with those of the 2nd. n SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 259 As it appears to be intended that the liead (luai-ters of one of the regiments 2 itii October. i848. of Scinde Irregular Horse should join the Mooitan Army, and as an experienced officer is now available for the charge of this frontier, I beg leave most earnestly to rc(iuest tliat I may be allowed to take command of that part of the Scinde Irregular Horse proceeding to Mooitan. I have worked hard, long, and successfully in this country ; I have never been absent a day from the Scinde Irregular Horse during the seven years I have commanded it, and it appears unfaii- to me, as it will assuredly appear to the public as a censure on my conduct, that one of my subaltcras (whatever his merit) be recalled, when about to embark on sick certi- ficate for Europe, and remanded to the corps with orders to supersede me in the command of one of my regiments. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN .lACOB, Major, Commanding hi Upper Scinde. Conmianding Scinde Irregular Horse. From Mr. Strange. 25th October, 1 848. Sir, I respectfully beg leave to bring to your notice the most outrageous con- duct of Moonshee Sewdial, stationed at Budanee, who it appears accompanied a detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse, directed by you to be stationed at Gheehulpooi- (mv jagheer) ; pressed my cultivators to build temporary lines, without paying them for their trouble, enforced grain from them, and made use of the most disrespectful language towards me ; he has even went so far as to take the res})onsibilitv upon himself to prevent my horsemen and chuprassees from using arms, and threatened to put my Moonshee in the stocks, if he did not supply him with grain and forage, for the use of the detachment. I beg to state. Sir, that this jagheer some nine months ago was a baiTen and unpopulated land, but through my cxeilions since I came to the possession of it, and the enormous sum of money I laid out, enabled me to succeed so far in collecting a population of about a thousand men, women and children, and the land under cultivation, and making it a thickly populated place; provided you will kindly favor me by putting a restraint upon Moonshee Sewdial, who appears to use more authoritv than he is invested with, and the Russuldar will neither check him nor keep his men from destroying my jowaree cultivation, where they get in and pluck the ears of unriped corn at their pleasure. As the produce of my jagheer is inadequate to meet the wants of my cultivators and their cattle, I directed my ^loonshee to receive a part of the crops which was reaped for their use, so that they might not be put under the necessity of ro^nng to the neighboming villages for grain, as they hitherto used to do ; this small supph', I am sorry to say, was taken away for the use of the detachment by Moonshee Sewdial by forced means, and he further threatens to cut up the unriped corn if grain is not supplied to him. If such measures of the Moonshee is allowed, and notice not taken of it, I am afraid of very serious consequences attending me, as my cultivators will abandon the jagheer, and all what I have spent towards the improvement of it lost. I presume the detachment above referred to was ordered by you to be stationed on the new road that is being cut from Khanghur to Kusmore, for the purpose of checking the progress of the Boogtee robbers into the interior of the country from the hills. Instead of attending to these orders, they have stationed themselves amongst my men on the banks of the river, where they apparently apjiear to do more harm than good, and without minding their duties for which they were expresslv sent, are interfering with the internal rules and regulations of my jagheer. All petty thefts which are committed in my jagheer are tried by my Kardar. Moonshee Sewdial says that will not be permitted, as he has orders to send them down to you. As the jagheer in question is not in the British territories (as you will perceive fi'om the accompanying original correspondence, which I beg you will be pleased to return) 1 beg to know if I am not entitled to judge my own people, and if so, why should I be molested by people of Sewdial's description :* Being perfectly aware that you will not allow such proceedings to pass unnoticed and unpiuiished, I have been thus emboldened to address you, and earnestly trust you will be pleased to take my case into serious consideration and grant redress. s 1 260 RECORDS OF THE 25th October, 1848. The loss ill fces and damages that I may have sustained since the detachment entered my jagheer, through the rashness of the said Moonshee Sewdial — a state- ment of its extent shall be preferred for your kind consideration, as I cannot allow a poor man like myself to be the sufferer by the uncalled for conduct of your subordinates. I beg to say, Su-, that I shall be most happy and wilhng to render any little assistance my humble means can afford towards your men, should they require it, and for tliis purpose I have despatched a European, formerly in the Sikh service, who appears to be thoroughly acquainted with the habits of the liill tribes ; and I have not the least doubt, for his own interest as well as the jagheer, assist your men, together with those he can collect, in keeping the Boogtee robbers at bay. In conclusion, may I respectfiilly beg to request you will kindly favor me by return of post with a Persian purwanah to the effect that my people will not be molested, and the detachment to remove to Meerghur (an old ruined fort in my jagheer) or to some other more appropriate place you may be pleased to appoint than the present one on the bank of the river. To Major Jacob, I have the honor, &c., Commanding the Frontier. (Signed) E. W. STRANGE. 25th October, 18-48. Sir, I have the honor to request that you will bring to the notice of the Com- missioner that I have to cany on a great deal of con-espondence and wi'iting of sorts, in Persian and English, relating to frontier affairs and magisterial business ; and that my Regimental Writers, who have their own work to attend to, are not equal to its performance. I have, therefore, the honor to request that I may be allowed, from the 1st October, 1848, an English Writer, on a salary of 100 rupees a month, and a Persian Writer, on 30 rupees, for the performance of this work. I have the honor, &c., To the Secretary to the (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. 25th October, 1848. SiR, I have the honor to report that the assembly of mountain robbers at Mund, mentioned in my last weekly repoii, finding that the parties of the Scinde Irre- gular Horse, patrolling to Ooch, &c., rendered a successful entry into British teiTitoiy hopeless, left that place, and proceeding westward within the hills, on the 20th instant fell on the town of Lahree, which they plundered, canying off a gi-eat number of cattle, and killing some of the people. A party of suwars, of the Khan of Kelat, were at the town, who made some show of pursuit, after all was over, but did nothing. Some parts of Boordeeka are a little disturbed, especially about the districts of Kusmore and Gheehulpoor. The latter is a perfect nest of robbers, whose pro- ceedings the almost impenetrable jungle with which the country is covered renders it very NovemUer. isis. Bombay, November 18th, 1848. Sir, I have submitted to the Commander-in-Chief the Honorable H. Dundas' letter. No. 1,272, of the 2nd instant, with accompaniment from Major Jacob, No. 176, dated 24th ultimo, to which I am instructed to rej)ly as follows : — 2. — Under the circumstances therein represented. His Excellency approves of Colonel II. Dundas's proposed arrangement, to limit the detachment of the Scinde Horse, which is to accompany the Field Force, to the ")00 men now at Subzul- kote ; but directs that the Head Quarters of the 2nd Regiment be attached to the same, agi'cc.ably to General Orders No. 3, of the 1 1th ultimo; and that the whole be under the orders of Lieutenant Malcolm, Lieutenant Green being also attached, as directed in my letter to your address of the 7th ultimo. His Excel- lency leaves it to Major Jacob to arrange the distribution of the otiier European otficers as he may deem most expedient. With regard to Major Jacob's solici- tation to be permitted to proceed in command of that portion of his corps s -1 266 RECORDS OF THE 18tb November, 1848. proceeding to Mooltan, I am to request you will furnish that officer with a copy of 2nd paragraph of Mr. Secretary Malet's letter, No. 446, of the 14th instant, to the address of the Commissioner in Scinde ; and acquaint that, but for the urgent necessity which exists for his services being retained at this juncture in his present command on the Scinde Frontier, it would have afforded His Excellency the gi-eatest pleasure to have complied with his request, and to have recommended it to the favorable considei'ation of Government. It is, I am to add, with much regret His Excellency is compelled to notice, with his disapprobation, the tenor and style of the concluding paragraph of Major Jacob's letter, under acknowledg- ment. It was, I am to obsei-ve, for the Commander-in-Chief alone to judge whether that officer's services would be most properly retained for the command of the Scinde Frontier, or more available for that of the Scinde Horse proceeding with the Field Force ; and it was for Major Jacob to defer to His Excellency's orders, and not to cavil and allow his mind to be swayed by considerations of what " the public " might think of the matter, than which course, I am to state, nothing could be more unmilitary. It is, I am to remark, only the opinions of his military superiors and of Government that can be rightly made the object of an officer's solicitude ; and His Excellency is sorry in having occasion to point this out to an officer of Major Jacob's rank and standing in the service. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, Adjutant-General of the Army. Commanding the Troops in Scinde, Sukkur. fTruecopy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde and Beloochistan. (True copy.) (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 28tli November, 1848. SiR, With reference to your letter. No. 175, dated the 24th ultimo, I have the honor to transmit, for your information and guidance, copy of my letter, No. 2,977, dated the 3rd instant, and of Mr. Chief Secretary Malet's reply. No. 446, dated the 14th idem. 2. — By a letter dated the 10th instant, fi'om Brigadier the Honorable H. Dundas, I am led to believe that a troop of Scinde Horse has already joijied you from Hyderabad ; but on this point I beg to be informed. 3. — I also request you will favor me with your opinion on the subject of the concluding paragraph of Mr. Malet's letter, if the point to which it relates has not already been disposed of, as seems probable, by the course of events, so as not conveniently to admit of modification. I have the honor, &c.. To Major Jacob, (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Commissioner in Scinde. ! 29th November, 1848. SiR, i In forwarding the annexed copy of a letter. No. 2,142, dated 18th instant, from the Adjutant- General of the Army, I am directed by Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., to desire that you transmit instructions to Major Jacob, Com- manding the Scinde Irregular Horse, for the immediate return to Kurrachee of Ensign Chamberlain, 26th Regiment Native Infantry, attached to that corps. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Acting Assistant Adjutant- General, S. D. (True copy.) (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. r SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 267 Bombay, 18th November, 1848. isth November, i848. Sir, His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief having learned, from the monthly return of the 26th Native Infantry, dated 1st instant, that Ensign Chamberlain of tbat corps has been attaciied to do duty with the Scinde Irregular Horse, has instructed me to intimate to vou his disapproval of that arrangement having been ordered, since the Scinde Horse has its full complement of European officers present with it, and the regulations of the Army do not admit of any such arrangement being made without the authority of the Commander-in-Chief. 2. — I am, at the same time, to convey to you His Excellency's orders to direct Ensign Cliamberlain immediately to return to Kurrachee and rejoin his own corps. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Commanding the Troops in Scinde. (True copy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assisant Adjutant-General, S. D. (True copv.) (Signed) " JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Sir, 29th November, 1848. I am instructed by Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., to forward the annexed copies of letters, regarding the inexpediency of permitting Major Jacob, under existing circumstances, to proceed to Mooltan ; and to desire that the same may be made known to the Major. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Assistant Adjutant-General. Assistant Adjutant-General's Office, isth November, i848. Bombay, 1 8th November, 1848. Sir, I am instructed by the Commander-in-Chief to transmit, for vour infor- ination, the enclosed transcript of a letter from the Secretary to Government in the Secret Department (No. 447), dated the 14th instant, with copy of its accom- paniments, relative to the inexpediency of permitting Major Jacob, under existing circumstances, to proceed with the Scinde Irregular Horse to the siege of Mooltan, and the removal of the detachment of tbat corps now at Hyderabad. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, Adjutant- General of the Army. Conunanding the Troops in Scinde. 14th November, 1848. nth November, ih^s. Sir, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit to you, for submission to His Excellency the Connnaiuler-in-Chief, a copy of my letter of tins date to the Commissioner in Scinde, relative to the inexpediency of Major Jacob j)roceeding towards Mooltan, and the detachment of the Scinde Horse now at Hyderabad being removed from thence. The point noticed in the concluding paragraph has, probably, already been connnunicated to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief by the Officer commanding in Scinde. I have the honor, &c., To Lieutenant-Colonel Hancock, (Signed) A. MALET, Adjutant-General of the Army. Chief Secretarj'. 268 RECORDS OF THE 14th November, 1848. 14th November, 1848. Sir, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to acknow- ledge the receipt of your letters, Nos. 2,742, 2,768, and 2,977, dated the 13th and 16th ultimo, and the 3rd instant. 2nd. — In reply, I am instructed to inform you that it would, in the opinion of Government, behighly inadvisable to permit Major Jacob to proceed to the siege of Mooltan. 3rd. — His Lordship in Council concurs with you in opinion that the detach- ment of Scinde Horse now at Hyderabad should" not be removed from thence. 4th. — Whether the otiicers and men of the 1st Regiment, now with the detachment at Subzulkote, should proceed with that detachment, or be reheved by an equal number of officers and men of the 2nd Regiment, is a point which should be determined by yourself and Major Jacob. I have the honor, &c., To R. K. Pringle, Esq., (Signed) A. MALET, Commissioner in Scinde. Chief Secretary (Signed) (Trae copy.) T. DONELLY, Major, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General of the Army. (Trae copy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. 4th December, 1848. glR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of yom* letter, No. 3,206, of the 28th November, 1848, to my address, with accompaniments ; and with reference to the subject thereof, have the honor to inform you that one troop of the Scinde In-egular Horse fi'om Hyderabad has already joined me at Khanghur. With reference to the subject of the 3rd paragi*aph of your letter under reply, it appears to me that the arrangements already carried out are the best which the circumstances would admit of, and that no alteration in them would now be advisable — indeed, no alteration could now" be made without veiy gi-eat incon- venience to the pubhc service. Both Regiments of Scinde In-egular Horse are exactly alike, and there is not a shade of difference between a detachment composed of men from both regiments and of men from one regiment only. I beg leave to bring to your notice that a squadron (200 men) of t e Poona In-egular Horse is on its way to Scinde, and that it appeared to me that, on the arrival of this detachment, the best possible arrangement would be to station it at Hyderabad, and to send the remaining Troop of the Scinde Irregular Horse to join me on the frontier. The detachment of Police now under my command would then be no longer required for frontier work, and the men could return to their proper duties. This arrangement would prevent much time being lost in marching and counter-marching, and the men of both corps would be employed in the performance of duties to which they are, respectively, best adapted by habit and experience. I have the honor, &c.. To the Commissioner (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 5th December, 1848. No. 1,379, of 29th November, 1848, from Assistant Adjutant- General, S. & B., to Colonel Shaw ; No. 2,150, of 18th Novem- ber, 1848, from Adju- tant-General of the Army to Major-Gene- ral Auchmuty. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of the letters mentioned in the margin, herewith returned, as directed in your memorandum, which accompanied them. The command of the 2nd Regiment Scinde IiTegular Horse I shall imme- diately hand over to Lieutenant Malcolm, as ordered. As Lieutenant Green, Adjutant of the 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, is to remain with Lieutenant Malcolm, I suppose that Lieutenant Collier, Adjutant of the 2nd Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, is to remain with me ; and request that 1 may be favored with instructions on this point. Lieutenant Merewether had better, I think, remain with Lieutenant Malcolm. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 269 I beg to express mv deep regi-et at l)a\'ing been so unfortunate as to fall under stu December, i848. the displeasure of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief; and request that this may be communicated to His Excellency. The objectionable passage in my letter was wi-itten without due consideration, and dunng gi-cat trouble of mind ; but, most assuredly, I had no intention of implying an)i:hing improper or unmilitary, nor of cavilling at the orders of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief; and I cannot adequately express my son'ow at finding that His Excellency thinks I have done so. I have the honor, &c., To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. Sir, /th December, 1848. I have the honor to subjoin a copy of a letter, No. 1,400, dated 7th December, 1848, fi-om the Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, for your in- formation. I have the honor, &c.. To Major John Jacob, (Signed) M. M. SHAW, Lieutenant-Colonel, Conunanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse. Connnanding in Upper Scinde. gjR^ 7th December, 1848. In reference to Major Jacob's letter. No. 188, of the 5th December, counter- signed and forwarded by yourself this day, I am directed by Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., to request you will inform Major Jacob that he approves of the arrangement of the officers to proceed with the 2nd Regiment to Mooltan, therein made. I am also desired to request you will inform Major Jacob, that his letter above quoted will be forwarded for the information of His Excellency the Commander- in-Chief I have the honor, &c.. To Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Acting-Assistant Adjutant-General, S.D. (Ti*ue copv.) (Signed) F. HARVEY," Lieutenant, Brigade-Major in Upper Scinde. Sir, 13Ch December, 1848. I have the honor to state that fourteen of the Boordee robbers, mentioned in my last weekly report, are now jirisoners at Khanghur ; four more of the party, who are wounded, are on their way to this place in custody. They killed two Boogtees in fight and four in cold blood ; they are said also to have killed a woman, but the chief of the party, Wullce Mahomed, denies this. When the depositions in the case are completed the prisoners will be disposed of as directed. Nothing of importance has occuiTcd on the frontier during the past week. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. Sir, I3tli December, 1848. I have the honor to inform you, that 1 have to-day handed over to Chootah Khan, Wukkeel of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, the prisoners mentioned in the accompanying proceedings. In forwarding these proceedings, I have the honor to bring to your notice, that such crimes as these persons have been now guilty of are far more injurious to the peace and welfare of the country than ordinary cases of robbery and mui'der. They are almost certain to cause attempts at retaliation, and thereby make the whole border disturbed and unsafe. The injury done by such outrages as that of which these prisoners have com- mitted being so great, and at the same time, the perfect freedom from inroad by 270 RFXORDS OF THE i.^ii, niwiniior, 1KJ8. the mountaiueers, for a long time past, admitting of no shadow of excuse for their crimes, their punishment should be exemplary, and it would be advisable to represent this to His Highness Meer Ali Morad. The stolen cattle I have also handed over to Chootah Khan, Wukkeel of His Highness, desiring him, if he can discover the owners to restore the plunder to them. The officers of His Highness the Meer have afforded me most efficient aid in apprehending these persons. I have the honor, &c., To the Resident at Khyi-poor. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding the Frontier. Ifitl. December, 1848. SiR, With reference to my letter, dated the 21st October, 1847, No. 443, relative to the successful attack upon the Boogtees, made by a party of the Scinde Irregular Horse, under the command of Lieutenant Merewether of that corps, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit, for your information and for communication to Major Jacob, an extract of paragraphs 4 and 5, fi'om a despatch fi'om the Honorable the Court of Directors, dated the 20th September last. No. 31, and to draw your and that officer's attention to the hope expressed by the Honorable Court at the close of the 4th paragi'aph. I have the honor, &c.. To R. K. Pringle, (Signed) A. MALET, Commissioner in Scinde. Chief Secretary. 20th September, 18-1 s. EXTRACT Paragraphs 4 and 5 of a Letter from the Honorable the Court of Directors, No. 31, dated 20th September, 1848. 4. — Sir Charles Napier's expedition into the hills had terminated in the estab- lishment of peaceable relations with several of the predatory tribes ; but, shortly before that officer quitted the Government, the Boogtees i-enewed their incursions into our territory, in the course of which they received so severe a blow from a detachment of the Scinde Horse, commanded by Lieutenant Merew-ether, that their strength was completely broken ; and their Chiefs, Islam Khan and Alum Khan, reduced to submit, and to consent — as the tribe of Kyheerees had already done — to settle in Scinde. The latest accounts, however, state that these Chiefs have returned to their hills ; we, nevertheless, hope that no ftu'ther measures of coercion towards these tribes will be requisite, and that the conciliatory policy which has been attended with so much .success in analogous cases, will induce them to become peaceable neighbours. Our relations with the Khan of Kelat have become somewhat complicated by the fact that the district selected for the location of the subdued Kyheerees forms part of the territoiy of that chieftain, who, therefore, claims them as liis subjects, and as bound to take part in his operations against the MuiTces ; while, at the same time, they are still considered as under the management and control of our officers. Major Jacob has been directed to enter into a negociation with the Khan, for the purpose of altering this anomalous and inconvenient state of things. (True extract.) (Signed) A. MALET, Chief Secretary. (True extract.) (Signed) J. F. LESTER, Assistant Commissioner. ICtb Deeernber, 1848. SiR, With i-eference to the 12th, et sequitur, paragraphs of my letter, dated the 7th FebiTiary last. No. 572, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit, for your information and for communication to Major Jacob, commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse, an extract, paragraph 7, from a despatch from the Honorable the Court of Directors, dated the 20th September last. No. 34, approving of Government having restored to that officer the political charge of the fi-ontier. I have the honor, &c., ToR.K. Pringle, Esq., (Signed) A. MALET, Commissionei' in Scinde. Chief Secretary. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 271 EXTRACT of Paragraph 7, of a Letter from the Honorable the Court of Directors, 20th September, 1848. No. 31, dated 20th September, 1848. 7. — We approve your having restored to Majoi- Jacob — the able and energetic Commander of the Scinde Irregular Horse — the political charge of the frontier, which Mr. Pringle had transfeiTcd fi'om him to the Collector of Shikarpoor. (True extract.) (Signed) A. MALET, Chief Secretar)\ (Ti'ue copies.) (Signed) J. F. LESTER, Assistant Commissioner. Sir, 20th December, 1848. 1 have the honor to foi-ward, herewith, copies of depositions in the matter of a border foray committed by certain Boordees, as before reported. The pi-isoners, stolen property, &c., have been handed over to the Wukkeel of His Highness Ali Morad. A duplicate of the depositions in the case has been for- warded to the Resident at Khyrpoor, to whom also I have written on the subject, exactly as directed in your letter. No. 3,338, of the 14th December, 1848, previous to the receipt of that letter. The troops of the Kelat Government, finding the Murrees too strong to be attacked by them, have now gone on a predatory excursion against the Boogtees, though the latter are now not much inclined to trouble any one, but are endea- vouring to cultivate lands at Sungseela and other places within the hills. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, 30th December, 1848. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 729, of the 28th December, 1848, to my address, with accompanying copy of a letter from the Assistant Quarter-Master-General. With reference to the subject of the latter, I beg that it may be represented to General Auchmuty, C.B., commanding in Scinde, that I greatly regret that he appears displeased with me. I had not the slightest intention of ever intruding on him any suggestions of mine ; my opinion was called for with regard to some an-angements of the troops on this fi'ontier ; I conceived it to be my plain duty to give that opinion in full, and did so accordingly. With regard to my having addressed the Commissioner in Scinde on the subject in question, I beg leave respectfully, and under submission, to observe that as the arrangements in contemplation have, as it appears to me, reference to the quiet keeping of this frontier, I could not, until the receipt of your letter under reply, have considered that I was not doing my duty in men- tioning the matter to the Commissioner. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. Sir, 3rd January, 1849. I have the honor to report, that the frontier under my command has been undisturbed during the past week. I have been informed by the Wukkeel of His Highness the Khan of Kelat, that an Afighan army has been assembled at Candahar for the purpose of creating a diversion in favour of Mooltan by threatening Shikarpoor. The force is said to consist of 12,000 men and 17 guns. I have the honor to forward the accompanying Persian letters on the subject, received from the Kelat Wukkeel. In reporting what has been stated to me by the Kelat authorities, I beg leave to state that, in my opinion, no importance whatever attaches to the story, and tliat it is in the very highest degi-ee improbable that any attempts at invasion will be made at present from the quarter indicated. Leaving numerous other forcible 272 RECORDS OF THE 3rd January, 1849. reasoHs out of the qucstion, the state of the passes at this season of the year alone appears sufficient to prevent any such proceeding. It is, however, probable that eveiy effort may have been made by the rebels in the Punjaub to induce the Affghans to afford them assistance, which has probably given rise to the story above-mentioned. I have also received information from another source, that Sirdar Kooshdil Khan, son of Mehur Dil Khan, and nephew of the Ameer Dost Mahomed Khan, has an-ived from Pesheen, in the neighbourhood of Seebee, but the number of his followers has not yet been reported. With reference to the instructions contained in your letter, No. 3,389, of the 20th December, 1849, to my address, I have the honor to state that I have com- municated the above-mentioned report to the military authorities, and to request that you will favor me with your wishes with respect to such communication being made in my weekly reports of the frontier to the Officer commanding in Upper Scinde, for my future guidance. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. 4Ui January, 1849. SiR I am directed by Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., to furnish you with the copy of a letter of yesterday's date from the officer commanding at Shikarpoor, giving intimation of the intended march of a body of Affghans from Candahar, on Shikarpoor, a rumour of which has also reached the Major-General, via Kelat. Although he does not put much belief in these reports, still he desires you to collect what information may be in your power regarding them, and which he desires you will communicate through the usual channel. . . '• I have the honor, &c., ; To Major Jacob, (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, I Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, S.D. ' 3rd January, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to forward a statement made by Sounah Khukkey, a cossid, who left Candahar one month ago ; of the tnith of the news he gives I do not pretend to judge. The cossid says that when he left Candahar a procla- mation was being pubUshed, calhng upon the inhabitants of that part of the country to assemble. That he saw five guns and seven tents outside the Shikarpoor gate ; that Dost Mahomed Khan had written, directing Sirdar Khoon Dil Khan to march to Mooltan, via Dera Ismael Khan ; and the other Su-dars, "Meer Dil Khan," Runi Dil Khan (son of Meer Dil Khan) , to proceed du-ect to Shikarpoor. That on his arrival at Quettah he heard that Meer Dil Khan's gun, which had been sent on a-head, had been stopped at the Kojuck Pass, on account of the snow. "-^ I have the honor, &c.. To the Major of Brigade (Signed) G. MAYOR, Lieutenant, in Upper Scinde. Commanding at Shikarpoor. P.S. — The cossid was brought to me by Mahomed Hossein Kotewal, of Shikarpoor, no officers on the Civil Staff being present at the station. (Time copy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. 6th January, 1849. SiR, I am directed by Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., in reference to the report of the state of the frontier, fonvarded by you to Lieutenant-Colonel Shaw, to inform you that the 29th Regiment Native Infantry is ordered to Shikarpoor, in case the reports of the advance of an Affghan force should prove con-ect ; and that should you obtain information of the near approach of any enemy in strength, you are to make requisition for reinforcement on Major Jacob, who will be com- manding at Shikarpoor, orders regarding which will be communicated to him before his departure. You will, at the same time, foi"ward an express to Head Quarters. ' SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 273 The Major-General places full confidence in your guardianship of the fi'ontier ; sth January, 1849. and desires that, durini^- the period these rumours may be rife, you will be pleased to make daily reports of the information that may reach you. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. Sir, 6th January, 184U. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 80, of the 4th January, 1849, to my address, with accompaniments ; and, -with reference to the subject thereof, beg leave to state that the approach of an Affghan force to Cutchce has already been reported by me ; and that the General may depend on my receiving timely information on the subject from the Kelat authorities, the people of Seebee, and the Kvheerees in Cutchce. Sirdar Khoosh Dil Khan had not, I find, yet reached Seebee on the date on which I last heard from that place, but was said to be approaching. I have not yet been able to ascertain with, any precision the amount of force he has with him, and the accounts in this respect vary much. Khoosh Dil Khan gives out that he is coming to Seebee, which belongs to Candahar, to collect revenue and settle affairs in that province. Whatever his intentions, it is probable that he will proceed no further. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To Captain Follet, Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. Sir, 6th January, 1849. I have the honor to inform you that I have to-day received intelligence Irom the Wukkeel of the Khan of Kelat, residing with me, confirming the report of an Affghan army being on the march from Candahar to Quetta, for the pm-pose of invading Cutchce and Scindc. I have the honor to forward herewith certain Persian letters on this subject, received to-day from Mahomed Hussan, Minister of the Khan of Kelat, now at Gundava. It appears fi-om all I can learn that, some time in the end of December last. Sirdar Khoosh Dil Khan proceeded fi-om Kandahar, for the purpose of raising the tribes about Shorawak ; and having collected a number of men in that direction, proceeded to Pesheen, in which valley other troops were assembUng. Sirdar Mahomed Oosnian Khan remains at Kandahar. ' All the other Sirdars of that country, with as many forces as they could collect, marched, about the 1st January, 1849, towards the rendezvous at Pesheen. The Ameer Dost Mahomed is at Peshawur, also collecting troops. I have the honor, &c., To the Commissioner (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, in Scinde.. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, 9th January, IS49. I have the honor to rcpoi-t that I am to-day informed by the Wukkeel of the Khan of Kelat that, by messengers just arrived from Quetta (his own brother among the number), he learns that the Affghan force had not, up to the 3rd instant, left the valley of Pesheen. The force then assembled in Pesheen amounted to about 13,()00 or 14,000 men, including followers of all descriptions. I hear from Seebee that Khoosh Dil Khan is certainly expected in that district, and is thought to be coming there to collect revenue. From all that I can learn from every source, my opinion is strengthened that no real invasion of the Scinde frontier will be attempted or thought of. It appears to me that the Afighans are endeavouring to assemble a force, in order to create a diversion in favor of the rebels in the Punjaub, bv compelling the British Government to maintain troops on the frontier of Scinde ; and that the Kelat authorities have somewhat exaggerated the danger, in the hope of adding to the power and consequence of His Highness the Khan, by inducing the British Government to send troops to Dadur to protect his territon,-, which the Wukkeel, in the name of the Khan, daily begs may be done. 274 RECORDS OF THE 9th January, 1849. It IS scai'cely conceivable that a force of no more than 14,000 or 15,000 men (even exclusive of followers, which latter may be reckoned as, at least, one-half of the whole number) would venture to pass through the Bolaun in the winter season, to cross the hostile and half-deserted plains of Cutchee, to encounter fi-esh British troops on the fair open tield of the frontier. Beaten on the border of Scinde, not a man could hope to escape back to AfFghanistan. Were the Brahooees to join with the invaders the attempt might appear more feasible ; but there seems to be little or no probability of this taking place. I have ascertained that there has been an unusually great fall of rain in Shawl and the Bolaun Pass, and that the latter is free from snow. The harvests in Shawl have been abundant, and there are large quantities of wheat stored at Quetta. I have to-day received information that the MuiTee tribe have assembled, for the purpose of making a descent into the plain, and plundering the country about Chuttur, Shahpoor, &c. I purpose proceeding to-morrow with a party to Shahpoor, for the purpose of giving confidence to the Kyheerees, and preventing the mai'auders from carrying into effect their hostile intentions. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier. lOth January, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to transmit, for your information, copy of a letter. No. 5,258, dated 1 6th ultimo, from Mr. Chief Secretary Malet, with accompaniment. I have the honor, &c.. To Major Jacob, (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commanding the Frontier. Commissioner in Scinde. lOth January, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to transmit, for your information, copy of a letter, No. 5,259, dated the 16th ultimo, from Mr. Chief Secretary Malet, with accompaniment. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) R. K. PRINGLE, Commanding the Frontier. Commissioner in Scinde. 13tL January, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to report that, on hearing of my having crossed the desert, the assembly of marauders, reported by me to be preparing for an inroad into the plains, has dispersed. With regard to the reported Affghan invasion, I am now convinced, from information received from sources independent of the Brahooee authorities, or persons under their influence, that the whole story has been invented, or enor- mously exaggerated, by Mahomed Hussan, Wuzzeer of His Highness the Khan of Kelat, to serve his own purpose. Unable to induce his own people to make ■war on the Murrees in their hills, and knowing that as the hot weather approaches, and the Brahooees leave Cutchee to return to their hill country, the mountaineers will plunder the whole province, as before, Mahomed Hussan frequently and urgently begged me to obtain for him the co-operation of a body of British troops in a campaign against the robber tribes of the hills. Failing in this, he has, it appears, now got up the story of an intended Atfghan invasion, in the hopes of inducing the British Government to move a force into Cutchee, which he would then represent to the hill tribes as intended to operate against them, and would thereby be enabled to make his own terms with the mountaineers. A spy of mine returned yesterday from Seebee, and he informs me that about 100 men had arrived in that district from Kandahar; and that, from conversing with them, he learnt that about 800 more men had assembled at Pesheen, and were on their way also to Seebee, with Sirdar Khoon Dil Khan, for the pui-pose of collecting the revenue of that district. Tliis appears to be the tnath of the matter ; and, though the other accounts have been received from several apparently diflerent sources, it appears to me that all originated, directly or indirectly, with the Brahooee authorities. i I have the honor, &c., U To Colonel Shaw, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, '> Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 275 Sir, I'th January, 1849. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 80, of the 10th January, with accompaniments. With reference to the contents of the extracts from a letter. No. 31, dated 20th September, 1848, from the Honorable the Court of Directors, I beg leave to point out that many erroneous impressions appear to exist with regard to the various tribes on this frontier ; wherefore, with a view to a coiTcct understanding of this matter, it may be proper for me to exj)lain that the Kyheerees never were a plundering tribe ; they are not even Bcloochees — never were our enemies in any way — were never subdued by Sir Charles Napier, and never were induced by His Excellency to settle in Scinde. The Kyheerees formerly, up to about the year 1827, held the lands which they now occupy ; and the sunnuds for these lands, granted to them by the old Nusseei', Khan of Kelat, are still in their pos- session, and acknowledged to be genuine by the present Khan. About 1827-28, the Kyheerees, who had long maintained a struggle against the Belooch tribes around them, were at last, by a general coalition of the predatory tribes, of whom the Doomkees and Jekranees were the cliief, entirely expelled from Cutcbec ; and they then took refuge in Scinde, where they were quietly and peaceably settled when we came to the country in 1838-39. In 1839, British troops were sent against the robber tribes, then occupying the lands of the Kyheerees, in the plains of Cutchee. The marauders fled, and took refuge in the hills. After Major Billamore's successful expedition into the mountains in 1839-40 (in the course of which the hill tribes were really encoun- tered and beaten), the Kyheerees were replaced by Mr. Ross Bell, then Resident in Scinde, on the lands of their fathers. The same officer afterwards again ejected them, and restored the lands to the Doomkees and Jeki'anees, under Beejah Khan and Duma Khan, the Kyheerees returning to Scinde. The Doomkees and Jekranees quietly occupied the lands in question, and abstained from plundering during the year 1842, when I held military and pohtical charge of this frontier. But no sooner had the British troops totally evacuated Cutchee than these marauders resumed their old habits ; and, by reason of their incursions, and those of the hill tribes, the whole border was laid waste, and the most dreadful injuries inflicted on the peaceable inhabitants of the country on both sides of the desert. This state of aflairs continued after the conquest of Scinde by the British. No efficient protection was afforded to our subjects on the border ; and, to increase the evil, our wretched peasantry, when they attempted to protect themselves and their homes from the daring and cruel marauders, were sometimes destroyed by the British troops placed for their protection. As in the instance which occurred in 1844, when the 6th Bengal Irregular Cavalry cut up, in a shocking manner, more than sixty of our own people, besides about an equal number of the peaceable subjects of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, who, the former at least, oft'ered no resistance, even throwing away their arms when ordered, and who had turned out to protect their property from the robbers. Government is already acquainted with the circumstances of this case ; and some of the survivors, who were severely wounded on that occasion, are now receiving pensions from the British Government. This affair did an immense amount of injury on this frontier, and was the greatest possible encouragement and assistance to the robbers. It was, however, unfortunately, never rightly understood at Head Quarters, until, in 1847, the truth of the matter was reported by me to Sir Charles Napier, and the depo- sitions on oath before me, as magistrate, of the wounded men and others, for- warded. So little was known of the real merits of the case, that it appears by the Bengal General Orders that the 6th Regiment Bengal Irregular Cavalry were presented with nuiskctoons for theii' conduct on this occasion. After this followed the plundering and burning of Kuuibur by the marauders, and the unsuccessful attack by the British on the village of Poolajee, then in the possession of Beejah Khan Doomkee. By the end of the year 1844 nothing could have been worse than the state of this frontier. Sir Charles Napier's expedition into the hills, in 1845, terminated in the surrendci' of the greater part of the men from the plains, who had taken refuge in the mountains ; viz., the Doomkees, Jekranees, &c. ; but none of the hill men, with the exception of Meer Hussan, Nootanee, sun-endered or were T 1 276 RECORDS OF THE mil January, 1849. captured ; neither wei'e tlic hill tribes injured ill the least, save, perhaps, by the loss of a few cattle. The Doomkees and Jekranees were, according to the con- ditions of their suiTender, transported from Cutchee, with their wives, families, and property, and settled in Scinde. But the Boogtees remained as troublesome as ever, becoming even more daring than before in their incursions, although the Government of Scinde offered a reward for each man of the tribe who might be any how taken prisoner ; and eveiy individual of the Boogtees was ordered to be treated as an enemy, wherever found. The new settlers, the Doomkees and Jekranees, who were supposed to have become peaceable subjects, aided by the Kosahs and others in Scinde, were not less active robbers fi'om the British side of the border than were the hill men on the other. Such was the state of dis- order, and such boldness on the part of the robber tribes was induced, that in December, 1846, a body of about 1,200 men of the Boogtees, fi-om the hills, nearly all of them on foot, marched, in open day, far into the British territory, plundered all the country about Meerpoor, to within sixteen miles of the city of Shikarpoor, and returned within their hills — a distance of seventy miles — uninjured, with all their booty in perfect safety. In January, 1 847, the Scinde Irregular Horse arrived on the frontier ; and Government is acquainted with what has occurred on the frontier since that time. My honorable masters may rest assured that no unnecessary violence has been, or ever will be, made use of by me. It is, however, impossible to conciliate an enemy with advantage when he beheves that you are weak — more especially, an Asiatic enemy ; — and the above hasty but true sketch of the affairs of this frontier from 1843 to 1846 inclusive, show that the robber tribes had little reason to believe us strong. Eveiy man, woman, and child in the country, including the Boogtees them- selves, friUy acquiesced in the justice and mercy shown in the punishment of those deteiTnined murderers and robbers of the Boogtee tribe on the 1 st October, 1847. But the effect of such blows is merely temporary, and chiefly valuable, as giving time and opjjortunity to cany into effect the measures best adapted to afford permanent relief. This has been my aim from the first. There have, been, and are still, many obstacles to success, but none of them insuperable. I have suc- ceeded in establishing among the people a perfect confidence in the power and will of the Government to protect them. The habit of making war on private accounts has been broken, and almost completely put a stop to. The people on the border have been disarmed, as throughout the rest of Scinde. I have eveiy reason to hope that the system of family death feuds, hitherto the cause of so much bloodshed, will gradually cease to be acted on, even if it be not in time torgotten ; and that the practice of bloodshed and robbery, no longer being found to lead to honor or profit, will cease to be looked upon as manly and respectable. Already, along the border, the change is great. Lands which have lain waste for half a century are being now cultivated ; old canals, long choked, re-opened, and new ones dug ; new villages are springing up ; and people go about every- where unarmed and in perfect safety. I am informed by the officers of His Highness Meer Ali Morad, that by reason of the quiet established on this border, during the last two years the revenue of the district of Boordeeka has more than doubled. The revenue paid to His Highness Ali Morad for the lands about Khangur, watered from the Nooi-w'ah canal, amounted in 1846 to about 5,000 rupees, and this was considered a fair produce ; these lands now yield the Government about 30,000 i-upees a year, and the amount will in all probability continue greatly to increase. With regard to the difiiculty of the position of the Kyheerees as subjects of the Khan of Kelat, it cannot be denied that the circumstances are somewhat embarrassing, or at least may become so. Hitherto all has gone smoothly enough, and, notwithstanding the withdrawal of the post maintained since 1845 at Shahpoor, in Cutchee, I have, chiefly by moral influence, been able to afford sufficient protection to the Kyheerees, so long as peaceable and quiet people occupy that part of Cutchee now held by them, the British frontier will be but little liable to incursions by any marauders from the plains of Cutchee. The annoyance from the hill people will be chiefly confined to the side of Boordeeka, I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 277 and with proper fi'onticr arranjjcmcnts may cease altoi^cther ; on the other hand, irtii January, i849. we might with(h'aw our protection from the Kyheerees altogether, in which case, I conceive that the British Government would be bound to provide for them in Scinde, for they would assuredly be speedily driven out of Cutchee. 1 am not prepared to say that this might not be the best policy in the end, but their places in Cutchee would very soon be tilled by |)lundering tribes, who, like their pre- decessors, the Doomkees and Jekranees, would not be in the smallest degree under the control of the feeble Government of Kelat ; they woidd certainly re-establish a state of predatory warfare and give much trouble along the British border ; and though it is exceedingly probable that our frontier would still be etficiently protected, the greatest vigilance and activity on the part of a con- siderable border force would be i-equisite to maintain peace and cjuietness, which no conciliatory effoi-ts alone w'ould secure. Indeed, unless by any means the Government of Kelat were to recover sufficient vigour to enable it to control its turbulent subjects, all attempts at conciliating the robbers would only make matters worse. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major. To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. Sir, 17th January, 1849. I have the honor to report that the frontier under my command has been undisturbed during the past week. I have ascertained beyond a doubt that there is not the slightest foundation in truth for the stoiy of the intended invasion of Scinde by the Affghans. The rumour was not even spread by them, but the story has been invented by Mahomed Hussan, Wuzzeer of Kelat, and other Brahooee Su-dars, to serve their own purposes. I have ascertained that the assembly at Pesheen never amounted to above 700 or 800 men, and that the greater part of these have returned to Kandahar with Khoosh Dill Khan, who had been taken ill. It appears from all I can learn, that a party is coming to Seebee to collect revenue, and that this party is considerably smaller than usual. The whole of the stories about the coming Affghans, apparently arising from ditferent sources, can be traced to Mahomed Hussan, Moola Ahmed, or to persons under their infiuence. Everything is quiet in Cutchee. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. Sm 27th January, 1849. I have the honor to request that you will be good enough to represent to General Auchinuty, C.B., commanding the Scinde Division, with a view to its being brought to the notice of His Excellency the Commander-iu-Chief, that it would be of material advantage to the sci"vice, were a Russuldar Major and a K()t(! Duffcdar Major (equivalent to Sergeant or Havildar Major), allowed for each of the regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse. The duty in the Scinde Irregular Horse is carried on exactly as it is in the best regiments of the Regular Army, and the want of the above-mentioned officers is quite as much felt with us as it would be in a corps of the line. In fact, the regiments are incomplete with- out them. The extra cost to the state would not be great, namely : — 1 Russuldar Major on 250 rupees per mensem. 1 Kote DufFedar Major . . on 55 rupees per ,, Total to each regiment 305 I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To Captain Follett, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Assistant Adjutant-Genei"al, Scinde Division. T 2 278 RECORDS OF THE 27th January, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to acquaint you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, that I inspected the Scinde IiTegular Horse, under the command of Major Jacob, upon the 24th instant, at Khangur ; and I have the satisfaction to report that I found that coi-ps in the highest state of efficiency. The merits of Major Jacob are so well known to His Excellency, that it is not necessary for me to enlarge upon them here ; the perfection to which he has brought the Scinde Hoi-se is a sufficient proof of them. The Native officers and non-commissioned officers appear to be well acquainted with then- duties in the field ; the words of command are given with precision, and, consequently, the movements are rapidly and accurately performed ; and this has been effected without, in the least, impau-ing their utihty for partizan war. The men are remarkably healthy ; theii- clothing, arms and equipments could not be improved. Major Jacob informs me that then- conduct in quarters is very good, and that he has rarely a necessity for punishment ; and there is an appearance of cheerful- ness and contentment among the men, which speaks higUy for Major Jacob's mode of managing them. The horses are of a serviceable class, and in excel- lent condition. Major Jacob's claim to the Thu-d Class of the Bath has been already before His Excellency ; but, I trust, I may be permitted to recall his attention to it. Major Jacob has not only the merit of ha^dng organised a most efficient corps, but the security and protection which he has, thereby, afforded to this frontier, has induced numbers of people to settle at Khanghm' and in the neighbourhood ; the population of Khanghur, amounting to nearly 4,000 indi\aduals, and a large tract of land, which had been uncultivated for nearly a centun,-, has been again brought under the plough — a cu'cumstance which must, ultimately, be beneficial to the whole of Upper Scinde. I have the honor, &c.. (Signed) To the Adjutant-General of the Ai-my. S. B. AUCHMUTY, Major- General, Commanding in Scinde. (True copy.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army. (Time copy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, S.D. 12th February, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to request that you will, for the present, report to the Governor-General du-ect, through this office, the intelligence you receive regard- ing the movements of the Affghans, towards the Scinde frontier ; sending, at the same time, duphcates of your communications to the Commissioner in Scinde, for the information of the Bombay Government, who have been apprized of this arrangement. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT, To Major Jacob, Secretary to the Government of India, Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. with the Governor- General. 14th February, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to report, that the story of an intended Aftghan invasion of Scinde has been revived in Cutchee ; while reporting this, however, I beg leave to state that I consider the story as an idle rumour. I have the honor to forward a Persian letter on the subject, from Bucktiar Khan, of Seebee ; any ftirther information on the subject shall be communicated as received. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 279 Sir, 18th February, 1849. Witli reference to the subject of your letter, No. 385, to my address, I have the honor to inform you that there is no truth whatever in the story of an intended Afflrhan invasion, which has latclv been revived in Cutchee ; you may rely on my obtaining and comnmiiicating timely information as to the state of affairs in the (juarter indicated. I have the honor, &c.. To the Commissioner in (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. jgjU 20th February, 1849. I have the honor to forward the accompanying letter fi'om Captain Mac- donald, commanding the Poona IiTCgular Horse, which I rccjuest may be laid before General Auchmuty, C.B., commanding in Scinde ; and, with his appro- bation, forwarded to Army Head Quai-ters. Captain Macdonald has rcciuested me, in forwarding his letter, to express my own o{)inions on the matters contained in it ; and, under any circumstances, it would be my duty to repoit, for the information of my superiors, the state in which I find the detachment of Poona Horse now under my command. ^Mlerefore, I beg leave to state that, after closely inspecting that detachment, which I understand to be tlic elite of the corps, I observe that the Native officers and men are neither clothed, accoutred or armed like soldiers ; that they have never even heard of drill, and do not so much as know the meaning of roll-call. Their fire-arms arc all — with the exception of about 20 percussion carbines, purchased by Captain Macdonald since their arrival in Scinde — unserviceable ; the Native officers and men are quite incapable of any approach to an orderly movement, and their ideas of military discipline are lax to a degi'ee almost incredible. In their present state they arc absolutely useless for military service on this frontier. The whole of the Native officers and men are so deeply involved in debt, and the causes of their present inefficient state arc of such long standing, and so deeply seated, that to remedy it would be a work of extraordinary diffi- culty, rc(|uiring the highest degree of perseverance and firmness, together with unceasing labour of mind and body for several years on the part of the Commandant who should undertake the task. Wherefore, it is not surprising that Captain Macdonald should, in the circumstances in which he is now placcci, decUne on the one hand, attempting the reform of the coi-ps, and on the other hand, not wish to retain command of men, of whom, as a soldier, he cannot but feel ashamed. I write on this subject, not hastily, nor without experience. The Scinde Horse was originally an offshoot, as it were, from the old Poona Horse, and at first was much in the same state as I now find the latter. The 200 men transferred brought with them a debt of 40,000 iuj)ees ; looking back to what the Seiiuk^ In-egular Horse was once, and eomj)aring it with the present state of affairs ; con- sidering the appalling amount of [)rejudicc to be overcome, and the wearisome and thankless labom" necessary to be undergone, before even a gliiimiering ray of hope could be expected to encourage a man to persevere, I am of opinion that it would be impossible for any officer, whatever his zeal, talent, and constitution, to arrive at success, when merely temporarily occupying the api)ointnient of acting- conmiandant. The example of the Scinde Irregular Horse might render the task somewhat more easy of execution, and, doubtless, would do so, but it should not be forgotten that the Russuldar Major of the regiment. Sirdar Bahadoor Dowlut Row Goi'cpui-rah, is a man of the greatest possible infiuencc ; he is looked upon as a pi-incc by the natives, and among them the regiment is always called by his name. The Poona Horse, being known by no other title than Dajee Sahib's Ressala, the almost irresistible influence of this old, excellent, and highly distinguished officer, would assuredly be exerted against any attempt to place the corjjs on a soldier-like footing, for he is a man of an age gone by ; his ideas are thirty years behind what the Indian Army, especially the Bombay Army, now is ; and, with reference to the crushing evil, the immense regimental debt, it is sufficient to observe that a very large share of it is due by the Russuldar Major himself T 3 280 RECORDS OF THE 2()th February, 1819. Whether other than mihtaiy reasons exist to render it unadvisable to reform the Poona Horse I know not ; but it appears to be my duty to biing to the notice of my superiors, that in their present state the men of the corps are not only unfit for sei'vice on this fi'ontier, but that tlieir presence, particulai'ly that of the Russuldar Major, Dajee Sahib, may possibly do harm by the bad example set by them to the men of the Scinde In-egular Horse, and the little respect they must necessarily be held in by the border tribes. Wherefore, I shall esteem it a gi'eat favour, if the General commanding will have the kindness to remove the detachment of the Poona Irregular Horse from under my command, which the state of this frontier will now safely admit of, whether the squadron of the Scinde Irregular Horse be required at Hyderabad or no. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer Commanding (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 21st February, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 77, of the 12th FebruaiT, 1849, to my addi'ess. The instructions contained therein shall be attended to ; at the same time, I beg leave to state, that no movement of any Affghan force has taken place towards the frontier of Upper Scinde, and that I cannot discover that the slightest probability exists of any such movement occurring. The rumour of an intended invasion of Scinde by an Affghan army has again, within the last few days, been revived at Shikarpoor, but I have ascer- tained that there is not a shadow of tinith in the story, which is as baseless as was the similar report received fi'om the officers of the Khan of Kelat, in the beginning of Januaiy last. Government may rely on receiving timely information fi'om me regarding any hostile movements towards this frontier. I have the honor, &c.. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. To the Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor- General. R. o., 1849. 4th March, The Commanding Officer has this morning received from Lieutenant Malcolm, an account of a general action fought on the 21st February, 1849, between a large army of Sikhs and Affghans and the British army under Lord Gough, Commander-in-Chief in India, &c. In this battle the Sikhs and Affghans were completely overthrown ; their army totally dispersed with gi'eat loss, and the whole of then- artilleiy and equipage of all kinds captured. The battle commenced at 8 o'clock in the morning, and by 2, p.m., the enemy was everywhere in full flight ; the British Cavalry, including the Scinde Horse, pursued the flying enemy until sunset. The detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse present in the battle consisted of Lieutenants Malcolm, Merewether, and Green, with 240 men of all ranks. On one occasion Lieutenant Malcolm was ordered to charge a body of 4,000 of the enemy's Cavahy, who, supported by Horse Artilleiy, were advancing to the attack of the British line. So well was this duty performed that, notwithstanding the immense numerical superiority of the enemy, the latter was completely over- thrown and di-iven from the field with temble loss ; the leader of the Affghan cavalry, son of Dost Mahomed Ameer, of Cabool, being among the killed. The perfect discipline, the order and regularity, and the excellent conduct of the men of the detachment of Scinde Irregular Horse in the Punjaub, have been the theme of universal admiration ; their steadiness and braveiy on the occasion above-mentioned have won for them, on the field of battle, the highest praises from General ThackwcU, commanding the Cavalry ; General the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., commanding the Bombay Division ; and from Lord Gough, the Commander-in-Chief. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 281 The Commanding: Officer warmly con,^ratulates the corps on this glorious k o.. 4ti, Marcii result, of the steady disciphnc and soldier-like bearint;; which has now given '**'^- Lieutenant Malcolm's detachment so proud a position in the army of India, and added to the high reputation which the Scindc Irregular Horse already possessed all over the world. Bv order, (Signed)" JAMES A. COLLIER, Lieutenant, Adjutant 2nd Scinde Irregular Horse. My dear Jacob, Yesterday we were under arms at 7 o'clock, a.m. The battle commenced at 8 o'clock, and the Sikh was in full flight by 2 o'clock. The Cavaliyand Artillery, under General Thackwell, followed him up for fifteen miles, until sunset, and we did not get back until 10 o'clock at night ; we are off again, so you nmst excuse more. Our men behaved splendidly ; were ordered by Sir Joseph Thackwell, in person, to charge and turn the enemy's right flank, who was then attempting to turn our left, with some 4,000 horse and some guns. We did this with our 240 men, and 1 assure you that their conduct was the admiration of all. They sent the Affghans to the de\dl — cutting them down, and potting them with their carbines. They took several standards, and have, I think, killed Dost Mahomed's son. We were, about an hour after the charge, complimented by Sir J. Thackwell in person, and Lord Gough is in raptures, as well as Colonel Dundas. I cannot yet tell you particulars. Our army is off this moi'ning in pursuit ; the Sikhs have gone to the north-west — not crossed the Jhelum. The Afighans went slap oflT to the Jhelum, but the victory is complete ; everything taken and forty-two guns, twenty-seven in position and fourteen in pursuit. We have only three men killed, but many wounded. From right to left we have not lost 300 men. The Sikh loss is not very gi-eat, ought to have been more — probably 1,000 or so. Yours sincerely. 22nd February, 1849. (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Captain. Sir, Agreeably to Division Orders of the 22nd February, 1849, I have the honor to forward the accompanying report of the proceedings of the Scinde IiTegular Horse, under my command in the action of the 21st February, 1849. The regiment was drawn upon the left of the whole line. On the Affghan Cavaliy threatening the left of our army, I received orders to charge them, supported by a squadron of the 9th Lancers, under command of Captain Campbell, and bringing my right shoulders forward, I advanced in line and charged. The enemy met us with a smart matchlock fire, but gave way before our charge, and we pursued him for about two miles, killing many and capturing two standards ; among the killed was a chief of importance, over whose body several of the enemy were killed, fighting desp6ratcly. For the remainder of the day I acted in pursuit of the enemy on the left of the Cavalry Division, with which I returned to camp at night. Five prisoners anfl three guns were captui-ed by my regiment during the day. Where all did their utmost, it is difficult to mention any one in particular. I was most ably assisted by Lieutenants Merewether and Green, my second in command and Adjutant, and to their steadiness and gallantry the success of our charge is chiefly to be attributed ; Russuldars Mohubut Khan, Kallee Khan, and Russaidar Meerza Ahmed Ali Beg, led on their scjuadi'ons most steadily, and to the first-mentioned officer I am much indebted for his unvaried assistance in maintaining the discipline of the regiment. I may also mention the conduct of Jemadars Khyrattee Khan and Kallee Khan, who most gallantly led on a paity to the capture of the standards, which were gallantly defended. To Assistant Surgeon Ballantyne my thanks are due, for the prompt assistance which he gave to the wounded. I have the honor, &c.. 22nd February, 1849. (Signed) To the Assistant Adjutant-General, Bombay Division, Army of the Punjaub. G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Connnanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. T 4 282 RECORDS OF THE 21st February, IS 19. LIST of Officers and Sawars killed and wounded in the action of the 21st Februarj', 1849. No. Rank. Names. 2 i Remarks. 1 2 3 Duffedar Suwar Naib Russuklar. Farrier Suwar II II Pay Duffedar . . Suwar Duffedar Suwar Suwar Suwar Wuzzeer Khan Wuzzeer Mahomed Khan. Jellal Khan 7 2 6 4 7 7 8 5 1 4 4 2 2 4 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 Killed. 4 5 6 7 8 Shaik Uzmutoola Farzoola Khan Ameer Mahomed Khan. . Shaik Huzrut Oolfut Raie Very severely wounded. Ditto ' ditto. Jaw broken, and severely wounded. Severely wounded. Ball in the knee ; badly wounded. Severely wounded ; fingers cut off. Slightly wounded. Ditto ditto. 9 Uzmut Khan 10 11 Jubbeer Khan Nubbee Bux 12 13 14 Mahomed Khan Hoossem Khan Kurreem Khan Ditto ditto. Ditto ditto. Ditto ditto. Left Bank of the Jhelum, 2nd March, 1849. (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Puujaub. 26th February, 1849. My DEAR JaCOB, I have been so busy that this report could not be got off before. On the 1 8th we marched to Bunneeka, sixteen miles ; the same to Ramnuggur, twelve miles, getting in at dark. 19th. — 1 1 o'clock, to Commander- in-Chief's Camp at Tuna, twelve miles ; got in at dusk. 20th. — Ordered to strike our tents at 8 o'clock, but did not march till 1 o'clock, and shifted position in line of battle, our Regiment in rear of the Cavalry division under Sir J. Thack- well ; only two miles or so, but we were not to our gi-ound till dark. We encamped on the left of the Cavahy division, the Infantry facing to the front towards Goojerat, and we facing to the left outwards in their rear. 21st. — Fell in at 7 o'clock. The 11th Irregulars had during the night gone to the right, but had orders to take up a position between us and the Lancers ; while the 9th Irregulars (Christie's corps), which had pitched on our right during the night were ordered that morning to join Hearsay's Irregular Brigade on the right. Master, with the 1 1th, never came ; so we trotted up to the rear of the Lancers. Sir J. Thackwell had then three divisions : two troops Horse Artillery, 9th Lancers, and ourselves. We marched on in mass of column of troops right in front. Sir J. Thackwell came along the line, complimented us on our appearance, said that we had to take care of the left and rear — that we had guns, and that he had no doubt that we would give a good account of them. The action com- menced about half-past 8 o'clock, and about 9 o'clock we formed line to the front, ourselves being on the extreme left and next to the Lancers. About this time two large bodies of Cavalry (some 5,000) appeared to our front, and opened a gun on us. Our Horse Artilleiy replied, but gave over soon. Sir J. Thackwell threw our left a little back, and the enemy advanced further, extending more to our left, and threatening to get round. We had thus stood about three- quaiiers of an hour, when Sir Joseph rode up, and ordered me to charge the Affghan Cavahy, telling me that I should be supported by a squadron of the Lancers. I did exactly as mentioned in the official ; the squadron of the Lancers trotting about fifty paces or more on my right rear, but not chai'ging with me. The enemy just did as they generally do, edged in to their centre and broke, the rear men scarcely just getting off as our leading men reached them. Thrashed all in about an hour. We changed front to our right, and went after the enemy, as mentioned. There were no Infantry where we were — all Cavahy, and they bolted as we advanced. No Infantiy could have run away at the pace we went. We came upon stragglers and men hid away in the gi'ain fields and in holes, but on no body of men, and we went some fourteen miles before we returned to camp. Dismounted at 10 o'clock ; horses awfully done up with the trot which we had to keep up, on account of our being on the extreme left, and having been obliged to conform to the changes of dfrection ; for the advance of the division was in line over a fiat country, and thi-ough wheat fields without a nullah. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 283 The fault was in the advance of the whole line not being ordered sooner, and 2r,th Fehm.irv, i84n. the pursuit not having been begun sooner ; also in the Cavalry division not having charged forward on seeing the rout of the Atfghan Cavalry. The reason given was that Lord Gough thought Goojerat occupied. Tlie 2nd Europeans on our extreme riglit had a village to can-y ; and Hearsay said that in the pursuit on the right he cut up many Infantiy, who had thrown away their arms. I cannot make out how the Infantiy got off. Flight of all, except the AfFghans, appeared to be to the northward. I ought to mention that, before our advance in pursuit, Sir J. Thackwell rode up, and complimented us on the gallantry of oui- charge, the which I gave the men on the spot, by his direction. We killed Wuzzeer Mahomed Khan, Dost Mahomed's youngest son ; and I should think that some eightv or ninety were slain. It was as complete a thing as could be. On the morning of the 22nd, a confounded assembly and mount, buzzaoed and roused us all out. We stood to our horses ; and, after about an hour, found out that Sir W. Gilbert, with two Bengal Brigades and the Bombay Division under Dundas, was under arms, to march through the spur of hill which runs fi'om Russoolpoor to Biinbur via Kora. A little after that came an order from Sii' J. Thackwell, that we were under his orders, and to take off our saddles and make ourselves comfortable. Ramsay came down, heard the order, and started off to Sir J., who said: " What do you want with the Scinde Horse?" R. said : " What do you ?" It was settled that we should go with the Bombay Dixdsion ; and, having been under arms from 8 o'clock, we got off" at 12 o'clock, and reached Jora at 4 o'clock next morning. 23rd. — Started at 6 o'clock, arrived at 12 o'clock at Kora, 14 miles. 24th. — Rear-guard for the first time. The Bengal Troops had marched to the west side of the pass, and not halted at Kora. Got oft" our ground at half-past 10 o'clock, and dismounted at 7 o'clock at night. 25th. — On 6 miles to this, and to join the Bengalees' Rear-guard ; again got in at 12 o'clock. Shore Singh and Chuttur Singh are across the river, and have, pro- bably, gone to Rholat. Their force is stated at some 10,000, and 15 guns or so, but it is impossible to say. They are in miserable plight, but the fear is that he may again collect an army ; his infantry must now be all on this side the Jhelum. We have no boats; they arc all on the other side, and many sunk by him. General Campbell was to move on Bimbur the day we moved on Jora ; and Lord Gough, with General Thackwell, take another route through the range, the day after. Orders have been given for two months' supplies for Peshawur ; but it is expected that, between Dost Mahomed's wishes, Taylor at Bunnoo, and Abbott in the Huzzarah, Peshawur may be settled without our going thither. Goolab Singh has sent troops to co-operate with us, and Lake goes to command all his troops. We must cross the Jhelum with all despatch ; fords there are, but these will scarcely do for guns. The loss of the enemy on the 2 1st is not known ; he has lost some 51 guns, and Huish recovered two of his guns. Major Lawrence crossed yesterday, to rejoin Shere Singh, his leave of eight days being up. We are 24 horses short, you will sec. The countiy is a dead plain, and the wheat cultivation splendid. I have never seen such a fertile countiy, and not a nullah ; 100,000 horses might advance in line. Russuldar Shaik Abdool Nubbee, with his 166 men, has been ordered to join us ; we are entertaining horses. I cannot mention Russuldar Mohubut Khan too highly, and hope that you will apply for some honor for him ; he richly deserves it. Duft"cdar Wuzzeer Khan . . . 7th Troop, 2nd Regiment, is killed. Suwar Wuzzeer Mahomed Khan . 2nd Troop, 1st Regiment, ,, Naib Russuldar Jellal Khan, wounded. Pay DufFedar Oolfut Raie .1st Regiment, wounded. Suwar Uzmut Khan .... 2nd ,, severely wounded. ,, Fyzoola Khan .... 2nd ,, ,, Ameer Mahomed Khan .1st ,, severely wounded. ,, Shaik Uzmutoola . . 2nd ,, ,, ,, Jubber Khan .... 2nd ,, Shaik Huzrut . .1st ,, 284 RECORDS OF THE 26th February, 1849. Suwar Hoossein Khan . . .1st Regiment. Dufledar Nubbee Bux . . . 2nd ,, Suwar Mahomed Khan . 2nd ,, ,, Kuneem Khan, 3rd . . 2nd ,, Uzmut Khan has lost his fingers, and I fear will never be fit for duty. Yours sincerely, (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Commanding Scinde In-egular Horee, Ai'my of the Punjaub. 1st March, 1849. My DEAR JaCOB, Just received yours of the 12th, Budanee ; I knew you knew more about the officers than I did, and only mentioned Mohubut Khan because I thought I ought to do it in justice to him. I quite agree with you about soldiers, and now see, in practice, what you used so often to try and instil into my mind at Khanghur. You may well ask, what have the officers of the English Cavahy been doing these last seven or eight years ? It is my firm conviction that more was not done with the Cavahy, on the 21st, because the General had no faith in them, black or white; and that half the Cavahy and Infantry too, excepting Bombay, went into action expecting to be beaten ; and nothing astonished me more than, after the action, fellows coming up and congi-atulating us on our conduct, as if it was anything merito- rious doing one's duty ; they surely did not expect us to run away. 1st March. Here we are, still on this side of the Jhelum, and wlU not be across for two or three days ; how the heavy guns are to cross I know not, except on rafts. The Singhs have fled the other side of the river ; had they intended making another stand they have missed a splendid opportunity. It would have puzzled us to have crossed in face of an enemy worth a curse. I have my doubt about this force reaching Peshawnir this year ; I hope they will not keep us knocking about here, I would much sooner return to Khanghur. I should like much to see Peshawoir, and so would all the men ; as to fighting, I do not think w^e shall have much more ; Dost Mahomed will, doubtless, make the best of his way back to Cabool on hearing of our approach. I shall be heartily glad to get away fi-om these Bengalees ; I am quite sick of them, and everji;hing to do with them : theu- Irregulars are going to send for carbines like ours ; they will then, I suppose, think it all right and that they are just as good as we poor devils. General Dundas, has, I believe, sent in to Sir W. Cotton and Lord Gough no end of a report about us ; they might make us carbineers now with a good grace, and take away those standards ; they are great rot ; we had to tell off six men for each the other day, who might have been better employed killing Affghans. I do not think the said Aftghans will give you much trouble down there when the news of this fight gets to the Dost ; fancy we wopped them about 10, A.M., and they crossed the river here between 5 and 6, fifty miles; I hear both Dost Mahomed's son and nephew were killed, the latter by a round- shot. Fordyce's troop of Bengal Horse Artillery galloped up to within grape dis- tance of the enemy's line and killed no end, that's the way to do it — the troop with us was firing shrapnel at 800 yards. I wish we had all been in the fight the other day ; with our two fines, one behind the other, we would have astonished those Sikhs a httle ; as it was, the splendid Cavalry division was thrown away, for what reason I know not ; they must have expected some trap or something. Sir J. ThackweU is a good man ; I would swear he must have mistrusted his men, or something of that sort ; the 14th Dragoons are veiy down in the mouth — never see them out of their fines, and the men go about afraid to lift up their heads. Two of the 9th Lancers were looking at our men after the charge, and I asked them what they thought of them ; one said, " By God, Sir! they are splendid fellows — I would go to the devil with them !" Here's the Tapani Orderly — adieu, and befieve me. Yours affectionate, HENRY GREEN, Lieutenant, Adjutant Scinde In-egular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 285 My hkar Captain Malcolm, 3rd Mmb, i849. I received duly yours of the 28th ; I had an opportunity of mentioning your- self, your officers and men, to Lord Gough, a few days ago, when his Lordship went over the field of battle where you and I were, for the purpose of deciding whether a corpse, stated to be Akrani Khan's, a son of Dost Mahomed's, was the real Akram Khan's or not. The evidence of the \'illagers and two wounded AfTghans would make one believe that one of the bodies was Akram Khan's, but it was not conclusive. Did any of your men hear that Akram Khan was killed by your men or mine on the 21st ? if so, kindly let me know ; or if anj-thing belonging to Akram Khan is in possession of any of your men, that Akram Khan was killed in that j)atch of wheat where {mc in orig) our charge ended. Will you kindly find out if Lieutenant Duncan Macdougall is with Blood's Batteiy, and give him the enclosed ; he is my first cousin, and in the action of the 20th neither of us knew the other was there ; if he is not, will you kindly destroy the note ? It gave me nmch pleasure having it in my power to speak to Lord Gough, and before witnesses, of your Horse, &c. ; I did the same to Colonel Grant, the Adjutant-General of the Army. I hope you are getting on well — excuse haste — we go to Wuzzeerabad next week. Yours sincerely, (Signed) J. CAMPBELL, 9th Lancers. Sir, IStli March, 1849. In compliance with Division Orders, I have the honor to forward the accom- panjing Roll. It is very difficult for me to particularize individuals w^here all behaved so well. After the charge, the Aflghan Cavalry attempted to stand in small bocUes, and in charging these there was much gallantry displayed. I beg particularly to bring to the notice of the Brigadier- General my senior Russuldar, Mohubut Khan, who is a most brave and gallant soldier. Tliis officer was recommended for honorary distinction along with two other Native officers, since dead, on account of his distinguished conduct in the Battle of Mecanee. Whether in camp, the line of march, or before the enemy, he is always the same, invai-iably exerting himself in maintaining discipline and good order, and I consider that his exertions materially contributed to the success of the regiment which I have the honor to command. I have the honor, &c,, (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. (True copy.) (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. 286 RECORDS OF THE 13th March, 1849. ROLL of Native Commissioned and Nou-Commissioned Officers and Suwars of the Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub, who particularly distinguished themselves in Action with the Enemy on the 21st February, 1849. Camp, Whormuck, 13th March, 1849. No. 10 13 10 1.5 20 25 26 Rank and Names. Russuldar. Mohubut Khan ... Kaller Khan Russaidar. Meerza Ahmed Ali Beg. Naib Russuldar Raggoobah Dyal . . . Jellal Khan Jemadar. Khvrattee Khan . . . Kallee Khan Bxiffedar. Azeem Khan Hafizoolla Khan Nubbee Bux Ahmed Khan Shaik Imaum Bux Ramdeen Shaik Meyboob Bux . . . Beharee Lall Toollaje KalHa Oolfutraie . . Kamul Khan Peerajee Kallia Abdool Rehman Khan . Suwars. Hazar Meer Khan Roshun Khan Wuzzeer Ali Peer Bux Imaum Ali. Synd Ahmed Uckbar Shah Khan . . . Saadut Khan Alum Khan Jumshere Khan Hussan Ali Khan Kurreem Khan Yar Mahomed Khan . . . Futteh Mahomed Imaum Ali Khan Dhun Sing Uzmut Khan Fouzoola Khan Ameer Mahomed Khan. Remarks. This officer led on his squadron most gallantly, and was most active in reforming the regiment after the pursuit of the Aifghan Cavalry, to renew the pursuit in another direction. This officer led on his squadron most gallantly, and, with a few suwars, gallantly drove off a body of Affghans who made a rush at the standard. This officer led on his squadron most gallantly, and in the pur- suit was conspicuous in leading on men to charge Affghan Cavalry whenever they made a stand in any body ; while thus engaged he captured a standard himself, killing the standard-bearer. Conspicuous in pursuit. Cousjiicuous iu the pursuit, and wounded while leading on his Conspicuous for great gallantry during the charge, and in the pursuit most active in leading suwars against any Affghan Cavalry who made stand. This officer was present in the meUe, where the chief Sirdar was, with many of his followers, killed, and his bravery was very conspicuous. Conspicuous in the pursuit, capturing a standard, and gallantly leading on men against any Affghan Cavalry who made a stand. Wounded. All these men were conspicuous for gallantry in the charge and in the pursuit. Shaik Uzmutoola ! I Severely wounded. All these men were conspicuous for gallantrj' in the charge and iu the pursuit. Severely wounded. Severely wounded. Severely wounded. Zabbur Khan Hossein Khan .. Mahomed Khan. Kurreem Khan . Shaik Huzrut. . . Ahmed Khan. . Wounded. Wounded. Wounded. Wounded. Severely wounded. (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 287 S]K^ Kith March. 1849. 1 have the honor to forward the enclosed correspondence ; of the officers, commissioned, non-commissioned, and suwars, mentioned in the Roll, I only brought fonvcird before the Committee the names of Russuldars Mohubut Khan and Kallee Khan, Russaidar Mcerza Ahmed AU Beg, Jemadars Khyrattcc Khan and Kallee Khan, Suwars Uzmut Khan, Farzoola Khan, Ameer Mahomed Khan, Shaik Uzmutoola, Shaik Huzrut. Of these, the Committee have reconmiended all for the Third Class Order of Merit, except Russuldar Mohubut Khan, whose services, they say, do not come under the spirit of the order. As the ser\'ices of this officer give him a claim for honorary distinction superioi' to that of any officer or suwar in the Detachment Scinde Irregular Horse, I should be son-y if he received no honorary distinction, and trust that you may consider his services sufficient to recommend that he should receive the Order of British India. I beg to forward the accompanying copy of a letter to the address of the Assistant Adjutant-General, with reference to this officer, whose services are so well known to yourself that further mention would be unnecessary. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) G. MALCOLM, Lieutenant, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse, Army of the Punjaub. My dear Jacob, March. 1H49. I wrote to you yesterday, and have very little to add to-day, but that I omitted to mention something which I was anxious to ask you about. You, I dare say, remember my orderly. Peer Khan, a veiy nice, clean, steady young fellow, who you said one day you would promote ; but, unfortunately, he is still a Bharghccr, and could not be made a N. C. O. What 1 want is, that if ever you should have an assamee in your gift, and wished to bestow it on a desei-ving character, I think you could not give it to a better, and would be much obliged by your doing it. He made " urz " to me, some time ago, to try and get him one ; but then I told him that it was not possible, he must do like others, go on steadily and buy an assamee. The Bengalees marched this morn- ing, thank God, and I hope it may be some time before we are mixed up with them again. We follow them to-morrow morning, and expect to reach Attock on the 20th or 21st. Accounts received from Abbott, who has possession of the MaguUa pass, say that there is not an AfFghan on this side of the Indus, they having abandoned Attock and crossed the river sharp, on hearing that the Sikh Army were about to lay down their arms : thus removing any opposition to our advance on PeshawTir. Major Mackeson was also sapng, this morning, that it / /^ was perfectly time that our Government had oftbired a lac of nipees to the /\ yAeri"^^ Kybe|rees, to close the pass against tlie return of the AfFghans ; and that they "had consented to do it on recei\ang 30,000 rupees down, and the remainder on the completion of their contract. This will place the Dost in a regular fix, and he will either surrender to us or try and force the Khyber ; he must do one j or the other, for I can hardly hope he will have the impertinence to oppose us. \ I did not believe the report exactly at first, thinking our Government would be j only too glad to get Dost Mahomed and Company out of I'cshawur as soon as I possible ; but my Lord Dalhousie seems determined to teach them a lesson, and . faith he is right ; it will save trouble hereafter, and show the Aflghans that they had better, in future, remain behind their passes. The remainder of the Khalsa Army laid down their arms yesterday, and that business is now finished — Shere Singh, Chuttur Singh, Uttar Singh, and one or . two other of the principal men conducting the ceremony, by formally delivering up ' their swords to General Gilbert ; and tliey to-day proceed to Lahore, escorted by a squadron of Christie's Horse. Six more guns were given uj) here yesterday, making the total number captured this side of the Jlielum forty-one, including our own three, or thirty-eight without them. The Sikh Army here was very much greater than we first heard. Some iieople ilcelare there were 30,000 men altogether suiTcndered to a force one-third their -trenglh. The Sikhs, on being asked why they gave in, say they were completely 288 RECORDS OF THE March. 1849. til'ed of the war ; that they had been most grossly humbugged by their Sirdars, who, when it came to fighting, were the first to run away. Whatever else may come out of it, this much good has been done : that the confidence of the Sikhs in their Sirdars is gone for ever — so there will not be again any formidable com- bination. Much confusion and disturbance must, however, stiU exist ; for here is a large body of soldiery, men tied to arms fi'om their veiy birth, thrown on the countiy without employment, and who will, after a bit, take to looting for a livelihood, having no other resource. Our Government might, and will probably, take some into employ, but cannot all. There is a report to-day that annexation has been negationed by the Governor-General, and that a contingent of 20,000 men is to be raised, and the countiy placed in the same position as Gwalior — a very gi-eat mistake, in my opinion, having such a system on our frontier, and I doubt its being the case very much. A Committee has been ordered to assemble to inquire into claims for the Order of Meiit ; and Malcolm has to-day gone up about our fellows. It is a veiy great mistake ordering these inquiries ; they only tend to make men discontented, for all cannot be rewarded according to their own ideas ; and where all behave well it is impossible to select. Some fifty names were produced in about five minutes, who had all done aUke, and who will think themselves injured if they are not all made " Illustrious." Why does not Government leave it to commanding officers to bring forward men, if they think proper ? Malcolm is, however, only going to produce the Native officei's and two suwars, whose wounds are such that, in all probability, they will have to be pensioned this year. This is, I think, the best way of settling it. Yesterday Lord Gough's despatch about the battle of Goojerat came ; and a more tame production I have seldom seen — cram-full of Ues as usual — and most things that really happened have been fearfully pei-verted. General Thackwell, though he was fiiUy aware that none of the 9th Lancers charged with us, deUberately says one squadron did, and a second acted as a reserve. He, Sir Joseph Thackwell himself, brought the order to us, and said, " I will order a squadron of the 9th to support you." One squadron did — the very one that is mentioned by General Thackwell as having charged with us, which it never did, commanded by Captain Campbell. They never were even with our right flank ; and when we stopped to reform the men a little, the Lancer squadron was behind us. They did the duty of support most excellently, no doubt ; but they never charged. Indeed, whilst Malcolm and I were collecting the men, I asked Captain Campbell to charge a body of the Sikh Cavalry quite close to our right, who, I thought, might bother us before we could get the men together. This he did not do ; and aftei'wards came up, and said to me, " I did not charge those men you asked me to, because I saw they were not incUned to trouble you ; and my orders were to act as your support." As near as possible those were his exact words. So they never charged, even when an opportunity was shown them ; yet General Thackwell coolly reports that they did. As for the other squadron Sir Joseph mentions as the support, under a Major Grant, none of us ever saw them. It only shows what these Queen's Generals will descend to, to give their Regiments abroo, false though it be. One thing, the truth is generally known : so we don't care a pin about it ; and I only mention it now to show what lies are officially given out. I don't know what the Chief's and others' reasons were for making these mis-statements ; but they have fully succeeded in one thing, that is, in disappointing everybody. All the Bengalees complain loudly about it. The only two decent reports are Sir W. Gilbert's and Dundas's. I Our horses are now fiall. Rum fellows these Qui Hies. There was Christie, ' yesterday, buying horses himself; he got upwards of eighty, which he told me this morning he was going to give out to his Regiment, casting bad ones. He pays the money for the whole, or has it paid, and then strikes an average at which he gives them out to the men. They were saying then- reason for doing this was, they got the horses for the men cheaper ; — very like a whale. I could twig fast enough the men cannot buy themselves, fi'om debt, so the officers for them manage this way to keep up theu- horses. They did not own this ; however, I will get it out of some of them before long. Green unites in best love ; and believe me ever yours very affectionately, (Signed) W. L. MEREWETHER, Scinde IiTCgular Horse;) SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 289 My dkar Malcolm, leth March, 1349. On the day of the battle, when I tirst heard of the charge you had made, 1 understood that the 9th Lancers supported. One account, however, stated that while the melee lasted the squadron of the 9th came to your assistance ; but that the Scinde Horse led, and completely succeeded, I always understood. I obsei-ved Sir J. Thackwell's despatch says that the squadron of the 9th, under Major Grant, charged with you, which was not tlie first version of the story I heard, and that they were, as you state, in rear of you. I could not see the Regular Cavalry distinctly ; and excepting once, when a portion moved on at a canter to support the guns, I never saw a Dragoon out of a trot, and could not understand what Thackwell was about in not driving away the rabble he had in his front, more particularly when he told me to halt and refuse my left, with all the Cavaliy beyond it, and a Brigade of Infantry, that could be moved in any direc- tion, in my rear. I always understood the affair to be exactly as originally represented. Believe me yours truly, (Signed) H. DUNDAS. I am also next to certain that the only Cavalry that charged, during the whole day, was the Scinde Horse. I could not see those on the right ; but I believe they did not attempt it ; and I'm sure those on the left did not. Sir, 19th March, 1849. Adverting to the honorable mention made of the Scinde Horse, under Lieu- tenant Malcohn, attached to the Bombay division. Army of the Punjaub, by the Right Honorable the Commander-in-Chief in India, in His Lordship's despatch of the 26th ultimo, to the addi'ess of the Right Honorable the Governor- General — with especial reference to the charge made by them on a large body of AfFghan Cavahy and Ghorechurra Horse, in the action near Goojerat, on the 21st idem, I am directed by the Commander-in-Chief to furnish you with the annexed extracts from a letter, addressed to this Department by Brigadier- General the Honorable H. Dundas, dated 22nd ultimo, and from my reply — which His Excellency begs you will do him the favor to communicate to Major Jacob, who raised this distinguished corps ; and whose able command and unremitting exertions its excellent discipline and invariable good behaviour are in so gi-eat measure to be attributed. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Commanding Scinde Division. EXTRACT of a Letter from the Adjutant-General of the Army to Brigadier- 1 7th March, i849. General the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., commanding Bombay Division, dated Bombay, 17th March, 1849, No. 092. I have had the honor to receive and submit to the Commander-in-Chief your despatch. No. 150, of the 22nd ultimo, with accompaniments, detailing the operations of the di\asion under your command, in the action at Goojerat, on the 21st idem ; and am instnicted to convey to you the exprcssiorfs of His Excellency's approbation of the conduct of the Bombay Troops on that occasion, especially of the excellent practice of Major Blood's Troop of Horse Artilleiy, and the most gallant charge made by the Scinde Horse, under Lieutenant Malcolm, which His Excellency regards with the highest admiration. (True extract.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army. EXTRACT from a Letter from Brigadier-General the Honorable H. Dundas, C.B., 22nd February, 1849. commanding Bombay Division of the Ai'my of the Punjaub, dated the 22nd Febi-uaiy, 1849, No. 150, to the Adjutant- General of the Army. About the same time an opportunity was given for Lieutenant Malcolm to charge with the Scinde Horse. I am sony to say I did not witness that charge, which was made home upon a body of Aff'ghan Cavalry, and in which a 290 RECORDS OF THE 22a(l February, 1849. Chief of note, said to be a son of Ameer Dost Mahomed Khan, was killed with many of his followers. This excellent regiment has again signally distinguished itself; and Lord Gough expressed to me on the field that their conduct was magnificent. The Scinde Horse and Major Blood's troop, forming part of the pursuing column, continued the pursuit, cutting up, and scattering the flying enemy for many miles, and aided in securing a.number of guns, which the enemy endeavoured to cany ofi". (Tinje extract.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Assistant Adjutant- General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde Division. 5th April, 1849. SiR, I am instructed by Major-General Auchmuty to forward to you the annexed copies of letters and extract, fi-om the Adjutant-General of the Army, bearing refei'ence to the very brilliant charge of the small body of Scinde Horse at the Battle of Goojerat. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, To Major Jacob, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Scinde and Beloochistan. 2nd April, 1849. My DEAR JaCOB, I send you the accompanying copy of letters relative to our chai'ge at Goojerat : — To Captain Pratt, Assistant Adjutant-General, Cavalry Division. 17th March, 1849. 17th March, 1849. My DEAR SiR, Yesterday I saw a copy of Major-General Sir J. Thackwell's despatch in the "Delhi Gazette." The Scinde Horse are there stated to have charged with a squadron of the 9th Lancers. As my report says that we chai'ged alone, supported by a squadron of the 9th Lancers, I feel myself called upon to give my version of the affair more explicitly. I understood the Major-General to say to me — " Bring your right shoulders for- ward and charge the Affghan Cavalry ; you will be supported by a squadron of the 9th Lancers." I was not awax-e that this squadron was ordered to charge. They certainly did not charge, nor did they advance in line with the Scinde Horse, but moved on steadily in my right rear and came up to the ground ; we charged over after the enemy had been completely defeated. I was not aware that any portion of my men were ordered to remain in resei-ve, and no portion did. I trust that the Major-General will excuse the liberty I have taken in thus wilting, but I owe it to myself, the officers, and men of the Scinde Horse, to represent to the Major-General, that the charge which defeated the Affghan Cavalry was ours alone. Believe me, &c. (Signed) G. MALCOLM. 24th March, 1849. To Lieutenant Malcolm. Camp, Wuzzeerabad, 24th March, 1849. Sir, I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 1 7th instant, which has been submitted to Sir Joseph Thackwell, and I am instructed to answer as follows : — The Major-General is surprised at Lieutenant Malcolm's letter, which has unadvisedly brought into question the orders given with respect to the attack of the part of the Cavahy of the left. The Major-General, therefore, repeats the SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 291 words of his despatch, namely, that he ordered a part of the Scinde Horse and a 24th March, 1819. squadi'on of the 9th Lancers to attack, supported by the remainder of the Scinde Horse ; this order was repeated twice to the officer in command of that body, either Lieutenant ^Malcolm or Mercwcther. A similar order was given to the squadron of the 9th Lancers ; but, if these orders were not carried out through a mistake, it does not belong to the Major-Gencral. Seeing the enemy's cavahy was in considerable force, I ordered a squadron of the 9th Lancers, under Major Grant, to advance en echellon on the right of the attacking body ; and, as Su- Joseph has stated, the whole of the line also advanced. The Major-General is perfectly aware of the gallant conduct of the Scinde Horse, and of what they cUd, and thinks, in his despatch he has given that corps every credit they can wish ; but surely it would be unjust to withhold praise to the troops who formed the support to an attacking body, and therefore he felt it incumbent on him to mention the whole in the terms of the despatch. Had the Major-General's orders been can-ied into effect, there is no doubt the squadron of the 9th Lancers, under Captain Campbell, would have achieved theii* object gloriously; but the Major-General begs you will bear in mind that it was accident only which gave the Scinde Horse the honor of the charge. Had any other regiment of Cavaby been on the left, the duty of the attack would have fallen on them ; this the Major-General explained when he spoke on the field in commen- dation of the Scinde Horse. I remain, dear Sir, Yours very traly, (Signed) PRATT, Captain, Deputy Assistant Adjutant-General. A copy of my letter to Captain Pratt was sent to Captain Campbell with the 17th March, 1949. following : — 17th March, 1849. My dear Captain Campbell, I beg to send you a copy of a letter which I have written to Captain Pratt, on the subject of the charge of the AfFghan Cavahy. I should be obhged if you would corroborate the coiTcctness of the statement. I am fuUy sensible of the advantage which I derived fi-om yovu" suppoi^t ; but all who saw the charge must be awai-e that it was ours alone. Yours veiy trulj', (Signed) G. MALCOLM. This is his answer : — My dear Captain Malcolm, 25th March, 1849. I wish that I could corroborate yom- statement to Captain Pratt of what occmred on the 21st of last month, but I regret I cannot do so ; and am sorry you sent the statement you did to Captain Pratt, for if I am called upon for my version of what occurred on that day, it will not agree with paragraph No. 4 of your letter, inasmuch as the enemy were not defeated when my squadron formed in line on your right. On the contrary, when I came up on the right of your Horse, some tlxree or four horse's length in advance of my squadron, I found several of the AfFghan Horse, who fired upon some of my men as they formed on your right ; and two of the AfFghans, one a very remarkable man for his size, and another, advanced, sword in hand, against my left. One of these was cut down by a sergeant of my lell troop before my eyes, and the other was shot by one of my men as he was maldng a cut at Lieutenant Donovan. I went foi-ward with a few of your men that I cheered on, and was upon your light before my own squadron came up, which did so at a gallop, and formed on your right. I was fortunately able to see what occurred, both the gallantry of your men, and what occuiTcd when my squadron charged " the small body " that you had left me of the enemy (what I termed the scrag end of the mutton) . I have never taken to myself any credit of the affair — I only did my duty ; and to eveiy one have given you and your men their due ; but I cannot allow that my squadron never charged — was never in line with your Horse — and that the enemy had been completely defeated ere my squadron came up. Did I do so, it would be at complete variance with my statement to my Commanding Officer, and with what I saw with my own eyes. 292 RECORDS OF THE 25th March, 1849. 1st April, 1849. I wish you had been satisfied with the handsome way you, your men, and officers were mentioned in print, and have left well alone. Believe me, yours sincerely, (Signed) J. CAMPBELL. P.S. — You, probably, did not yourself, or with your own eyes, see what occurred on your right before my squadron formed on your right, and when it did so. You, probably, were at the centre, or towards the left of your Hox'se, for I did not see you at the point where I was. I have again just wi'itten. 1st April. My dear Captain Campbell, I should not trouble you with a reply to your letter of the 26th, except for the remark in the last paragi'agh, in which you express yourself dissatisfied with what I have done. I am satisfied with what I have written ; and I wrote because it appeared to me that Sir J. Thackwell was not aware of the actual position of the Scinde Horse, the which I considered it my duty to let him know, as my official report did take more credit to myself than, from the despatch, it would appear that I had a right to. The despatch inferred that your squadron and a portion of the Scinde Horse charged together, defeated the Affghan Cavalry together, and together captured some standards. I could not say what the squadron of the 9th Lancers did of themselves, but only what they did with reference to the Scinde Horse. Lieutenant Merewether saw your sergeant kill the Affghan, and this took place a considerable time after the enemy had been completely defeated — accord- ing to my acceptation of the words " enemy defeated." You might have killed several men ; several were ninning about. I count such as a defeated enemy ; and I can only repeat that the squadron of the 9th Lancers did not charge with the Scinde Horse, and that the Aftghan Cavalry were completely defeated, as a body, before you came up. The only " small body " I saw after the defeat, and when I was collecting my men, was not charged by the 9th Lancers ; it being remarked, either by you or another officer of the squadron, and as I thought at the time very properly, that the squadron was there for a support. Believe me, yours very truly, (Signed) G. MALCOLM. I now foi'ward a second extraordinary letter, received from Captain Campbell, which I did not answer. Also one from Brigadier-General Dundas, in answer to one w'l'itten to him on seeing Sir J. Thackwell's despatch, and to explain the variance between it and my own official report. Yours truly, (Signed) G. MALCOLM. Although not yet completely decided, it is next thing to certain that we shall remain here for the hot season. The Bengal troops going back march on Wednesday, 4th April. 26th March, 1849. A Second Letter from Captain Campbell. Dear Sir, I forwarded to your address, yesterday, my answer to yours of the 1 7th, and in case of its not reaching you, I attach to this a copy of the same. On due consideration of your letter, I now find part of the contents much more serious than I at first remarked ; and if taken by Sir J. Thackwell, likely to be attended with serious consequences to yourself, as you have attacked the correctness of Sir J. Thackwell's despatch, and declare a portion of it to be incorrect, and your version of it to be the correct one in the following instances : — 1st. — That the squadron of Her Majesty's 9th Lancers under my command, on the 21st, never charged the Affghans. T beg to state that a portion of my SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 293 squadron did cliarij^c a portion of the AfFsrhan Cavalry wlio were on your ng:ht 2f.th March, is^g. front, and trying to get round to your right rear. My squadron eanie up at a gallop, and the Afighan Cavalry were pointed out by me (to the men of it) with my sword : " Now, my lads, for your BritisJi blood ; knock over these b " (excuse the expression, as 1 was excited). I pushed by your right with part of my left troop ; some shots were fired by the enemy at my fellows, and then all the Atfi^hans in my front went about, with the exception of three or four who were knocked over, two being killed close by me and Lieutenant Donovan. I don't know what you call this on the Bombay side, but in Bengal we term it a charge. 2nd. — Your asseition that my squadron was not in line with your Horse, when you advanced. I admit that they were not at the advance of your Horse, but the time you pulled up in a ])atch of long wheat my squadron (at least the left troop) joined yours on your right, and aided in dispersing, and did disperse, a body of the Affghan Cavalry, which latter did not retire till they saw my whole squadron coming up at them, and some of their cavalry knocked over and killed by some of my men, a little in advance of the main body. 3rd.— That my squadron did not come up to your Horse till the enemy had been completely defeated. I must deny this, as conmion sense should have shown you that, had the enemy been completely defeated before I came up, I should not have found any Afighans when I joined you, and certainly none would have been killed by my men there. You have been incautious in sending in such a letter as you have done to Captain Pratt, and I should recommend to you to solicit being allowed to withdraw the same ; not that I care sixpence about the production as regards myself or my men, on the contrary I would, if you like it, make you a present of the two Afighans killed by a sergeant and private of Lieutenant Donovan's Troop, together with a standard one of my men secured, but which he found too much bother, I suppose, in carrpng, and threw it away ; one of your men, I am told, innnediately dismounted and carried it ofi". I am sorry to have observed a little jealousy in your style of letters ; not satisfied with all the honors and credit given to you for your share in the fight, you will not allow my fellows or myself any. The simplest way would have been to have said to Captain Pratt, " I and my Scinde Horse did everything, and Captain Campbell and his Lancers nothing." Yours truly, (Signed) J. CAMPBELL. My dear Sir, 5th .\prii. ih49. I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 2()th, which is so uncourteous in its tone; and expression that I forbear answering it, and decline further correspondence on the subject. Yours truly, (Signed) G. MALCOLM. Sir, 24th March, IS49. 1 am directed by Major-General Auchmuty to annex, for your information, the accomi)anying copies of letters from the Adjutant-General of the Army and Military Secretary to Government, intimating that your claim to admission to the Order of the Bath will be again brought to the notice of the Court of Directors. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, To Major Jacob, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse. Scinde and Beloochistan. Adjutant-General's Office, i2ti, Mani.. is49. Bombay, 12th March, 1849. Sir, Referring to the seventh paragi-aph of your letter of the 27th of January last, reporting on the state of the Scinde li'regular Horse, I am directed by His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief to transmit to you the accompanying cojjy V 2 294 RECORDS OF THE 12th March, 1849. of a Communication from Secretary Lieutenant-Colonel Melville, under date the 8th instant (No. 670), intimating that the claim of Major Jacob for admission to the Order of the Bath will be brought again to the notice of the Honorable the Court of Directors. (Signed) To Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., Commanding Scinde Division. I have the honor, &c., H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant- General of the Army. 8th March, 1849. Militaiy Dcpaiiment, Bombay, 8th March, 1849. Sir, I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 175, dated 9th ultimo, with its enclosures ; and to state, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, that the claims of Major Jacob, commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse, to the honor of the Bath, will be brought again to the notice of the Honorable Court. I have the honor, &c.. (Signed) To the Adjutant- General of the Army. MELVILLE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. (True copy.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copy.) (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. I I 8th April, 1848. SiR, I have the honor to report that, early yesterday morning, the post of Kus- more, under command of Naib Russuldar Shaik Allaoodeen, was attacked by a large body of plunderers, consisting of Murrees, Khetranees, Boogtees, &c., from the hills. The party of the Scinde Irregular Horse at Kusmore (forty, of all ranks) was relieved by a similar party on the 6th instant. The relieved party under com- mand of Naib Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan, marched from Kusmore towards Koomree, about two o'clock on the morning of the 7th, and had only departed about one hour, when the party at Kusmore, which had not yet gone into the hnes, but was encamped outside, was suiTounded, and Aagorously attacked on all sides. A duffedar going liis rounds first fell in with the enemy, and was killed ; the mountaineers, immensely out-numbering the men of the Scinde Irregular Horse, then rushed in among the horses, and a desperate hand-to-hand fight ensued ; which, after a violent struggle, ended in the enemy being beaten off, with severe loss, lea\ang a gi-eat number of dead on the gi'ound. On our side the loss was as follows : — \ Scinde In-egular Horse . Belooch Guides { { 1 duffedar, 3 suwars, and 4 horses killed. 4 suwars very severely wounded. 1 suwar killed. 1 suwar mortallv wounded. i When the attack commenced on the party at Kusmore^ Naib Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan was about four miles distant, on the road towards Koomree ; hearing firing in the direction of Kusmore, he galloped back with party towards that place ; as he approached Kusmore, he came on a body of 300 or 400 horse- men, who were driving off nearly 1,000 camels. Naib Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan instantly charged and dispersed the enemy ; killed a great many of them ; and, following them up a considerable distance, recovered and brought back the whole of the plunder they were carrying off. He then returned to Kusmore. 1 SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 295 Tlie mountain robbers, on this inroad, were led by Meer Hadjcc, Khctrance, and sti. vprii, is is. Alum Khan, Boogtee, both of whom were seen and recognised during the attack on the party at Kusmore, by some of my Beloochee guides. I pui-pose proccecUng, at noon to-day, along the frontier towards Kusmore. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, I have the honor to inform you that, on my way to Kusmore, to which I had proceeded as already reported, I last night received information of the assembly of a large body of mountaineers, for hostile purposes, to the westward. In consequence, after reinforcing the post of Kusmore, and making such other an-angements as appeared conducive to the safety of this part of the frontier, I made a forced march back to this place, Hassan ke Ghurree, and it is my intention to march to-night straight to Shahpoor, with a troop of the Scinde Irregular Horse, directing another troop to join me at that place from Khanghur. On my anival at tliis post I received information that a body of Murrecs and other mountaineers, to the number of 1 ,200 men, mostly horsemen, had assembled near Lharee, for the purpose of attacking the Kyheeree \-illages, in Cutchee, and then making a descent on the British temtoiy ; I hope to be in time to prevent this, and to punish the invaders. The number of men at my disposal on the frontier is now small, but will, I have eveiy reason to believe, suffice for its protection, though the labour will be severe. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 12tli .\pril, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to report ftirther particulars regarding the attack made by the mountain tribes on the detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse, at Kusmore, reported in my letter, to your address, of the 8th instant. A week before the attack took place I was awai*e that the mountaineers were mustering in the hills for some e\nl purpose ; many circumstances induced me to suppose that their object would be the plunder of the Kyheeree villages, in Cutchee, and such I still have reason to believe to have been their intention, though finding that they were expected in that quarter they suddenly changed the direction of their march, and made an unexpected descent on Kusmore, which, had it not been for the readiness, bravery, and excellent conduct of the officers and men on the frontier posts in that neighbourhood, would certainly have proved as successftil as it turned out to be disastrous to the invaders, for the surprise was perfect ; the hill men, in this instance, having stolen a march on me and deceived, in regard to their real intentions, all my most experienced guides, &c., themselves old and noted Border riders. No extraordinary precautions were taken by me towards Kusmore ; but the system of patrols, &c., was can-ied on as usual, day and night, and the watering places likely to be frequented by marauding parties from the hills, to a distance of twenty-five miles from Kusmore, were duly \nsited on the Gth instant, but no sign of an enemy was perceived anywhere. The mountaineers, however, having assembled in the Murrow valley, to the number of 500 horsemen and some foot (number unknown), left the hills, after sunset, on the 6th instant, via Goojroo and Shore ; made one march to Kusmore, avoiding all the usual routes, and attacked the detachment at that place, as reported in my letter of the 8th. The detachment having been reheved that day, the reUeved party had just marched off, and men, horses and camels, were moving about all night, which pre- vented the approach of the enemy being perceived so (juickly as it would otherwise have been. I challenged — the enemy answered "apualog," and immediately the duffedar on duty was killed, and the rest of the guard killed or cut down ; forty or fifty of the enemy (dismounted and holding their mares by long ropes) then rushed to the Native officer's house, with the intention of first killing him, but V 3 r2tb April, IS4!). 29G RECORDS OF THE 12th April, 1849. the party of the Scinde Irregular Horse not having yet entered the lines, the house was unoccupied. The DufFedar on duty, as he fell, gave the alarm, and the enemy having been delayed a few moments in the empty lines, Duftedar Kishen Singh, with Suwars Mahomed Gool, Khan Gool, Neaz Gool (father and two sons), Shaik Ahbid All, Mosuni Singh, and Mahomed Zummah Khan, had time to turn out and oppose the rush which the enemy soon made on the detachment. They did this most gallantly ; and when the enemy broke in among the horses on all sides, Naib Russuldar Shaik AUaoodeen and his whole party were up in arms to meet them. The result has already been reported in my letter of the 8th instant ; and it was owing to the readiness and courage of Duffedar Kishen Singh and his comrades, above mentioned, that the whole party were not destroyed to a man. There were but forty men of the Scinde Irregular Horse in all ; and the surprise and immense disparity of numbers might have appalled even brave men. The conduct of Naib Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan, already reported, is worthy of the highest praise. He left eight men with the baggage of his party, and galloped back with the remaining tliiity-two. With this small party he did not hesitate to charge more than ten times his number of enemies, who, fi'om the boldness of the attack, and the imperfect light concealing the great disparity of numbers, were defeated, with the loss of many men and the whole of their plunder. Naib Russuldars Abdoolah Khan and Bahadoor Khan, from the posts of Koomree and Kundkote, immediately on the alarm reaching them, proceeded in pursuit of the enemy, and were in time to fall in with some of the horsemen just before they reached the hills, when several of the enemy were killed, and some mares taken. Altogether the loss of the enemy on this occasion amounts to forty men killed, and, probably, more than an equal number wounded ; a great number of their mares also were killed, wounded, and taken — six of these were found next day straying in the jungle near Kusmore. The well-known mare of Alum Khan, the noted Kulpur Chief, was killed in the attack on Kusmore, and left on the ground. One of the chief leaders of the mountaineers was also killed ; a struggle took place for the possession of his body, which the enemy at last tied on to the back of a mare, and carried off. They did the same with others of their dead and desperately wounded. The enemy obtained no plunder whatever, not even a single head of cattle. The loss on our side was considerable : — Killed. — One duffedar, three suwars, two syces, and fom' horses of the Scinde IiTegular Horse ; two suwars of the Belooch guides, and two Jutts. Wounded.- — Four suwars of the Scinde Irregular Horse very severely, five horses mortally, since dead. Two of the enemy were brought in mortally wounded ; just before their death they stated that their horsemen in this raid numbered five short of five hundred, and that the Sirdars, mentioned in my former letter, were with them ; as also a Murree chief, by name Gool Gawur, first cousin of Deen Mahomed, the head of the tribe. I have the honor to request that you will be good enough to bring to notice, in the proper quarter, the conduct of Naib Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan, Naib Russuldar Shaik AUaoodeen, Duffedar Kishen Singh, and the suwars mentioned above, with a view to then* obtaining the distinction of the "Order of Merit," which they appear to me richly to deserve. Also several of the men who were with the party of Naib Russuldar Kurinim Ali Khan, and were distinguished by their bravery and success in personal combat in the charge on the enemy's horsemen ; the names of these men will be forwarded as soon as possible. I have the honor, &c., To the Officer (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 14th April, 1849. SlR, I have the honor to report, that according to the intention expressed in my letter. No. 96, of 1849, to your address, I proceeded from Hassan ke GhuiTce, on the night of the 1 2th instant, to this place, with a troop of the Scinde In-egular Horse ; at Shahpoor I was joined by another troop fi'oni Khanghur. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 297 Notwithstanding the rapidity of our movements, it appears that some rumour nth April, 1849. of them reached the hostile mountain trihes, who yesterday broke up their assembly and retired into the hills. My intention at present is to halt at Shahpoor another day, and if nothing fiii-ther occms, to return to Khanghur to-morrow night. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, In continuation of the subject of my letter. No. 97, of the 12th April, 1849, I have the honor to state that the names of the men of the Scinde Irregular Horse who were distinguished for their bravery on the occasion mentioned in that letter, are as follow : — Suwar Bucktawur Khan, ,, Gool Mahomed Khan, Synd Rehimutoola, ,, Khoda Yar Khan, Mahomed Khan, ,, Ameer Khan, ,, Khaim Khan, ,, Synd Janoo, ,, Nuwaub Shere Khan. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. ICth April. 1HI9. Sir, I have the honor to forward the accompanjang copies of letters, which will show what has taken place on this frontier dming the past week. I returned to Khanghur on the morning of the 16th instant. The Muitccs had entirely broken up and dispersed to their homes in the hills, in consequence of hearing a false report of my having entered the hills fi'om Kusmore ; but it does not appear that they had the least knowledge of my counter march to Shahpoor. I have this morning heard of another assembly of mountain plunderers, on the south side of the Zeen ; but theu- numbers are small, about 120, and their proceedings not likely to be of any importance. I have the honor, &c.. To the Commissioner in (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 18tli April, 1849. Sir, 3rd May, 1H49. I have the honor to request that you will be good enough to bring to the notice of the General commanding, with a view to its being represented to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, that Russuldar AUadad Khan, of the 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, who appeared an unfit, before the Invaliding Committee in Upper Scinde, and who has since been remanded to his duty, is totally untit for any service ; he is decrepid and feeble, cannot mount a horse without assistance ; is quite worn out with age, hard service, and long-continued ill health ; he has been on the Sick List, unable to do duty, for two years. This officer, though now useless, has deserved well of the State, and has served with credit wherever he has been employed. He (then a suwar in the Poona Horse) accomj)anied the late Major Eldred Pottinger, C.B., to Herat, and was with that officer during the whole period of the siege of that place. His services on that occasion were con.sidered valuable by Government, who especially directed that he should be promoted to Russuldar, on the formation of the Scinde Irregular Horse ; and under the circumstances above mentioned, I have little doubt that Government will see fit at once to grant him the pension of his rank. I have the honor, &c., To Captain Follet, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. Coiumanding Scinde liivgular Horse. V 4 298 RECORDS OF THE 18th May, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 1,071, of 12th May, 1849, to my address, with accompanjdng copy of letter, No. 1,832, of 1849, from the Acting Secretary to the Government of Bombay. With reference to the fourth paragraph of the letter, I beg to state, and request that it may be represented to Government, that no body of horsemen, di'iving camels, concealed themselves on the occasion in question in the immediate neighbourhood of one of the outposts. The enemy made a march of some forty miles during the night, and fell on Kusmore about 3 o'clock in the morning, while it was still quite dark. The camels were carried off' from the Jutt encampments about Kusmore while the attack on the lines was going on, and were re-taken by Naib Russuldar Kurrum AH Khan before the robbers had proceeded two miles fi'om the place. Government does not appear to be aware that the neighbourhood of Kusmore, and, indeed, the greater part of the whole district of Boordeeka, is covered with forest and tall reeds ; so that, as the posts are sixteen miles distant from each other, no amount of vigilance or caution on the part of the detachments could have prevented what occurred on the occasion in question. If want of conduct has been shown in the proceedings, it is chargeable to me only, not to the Native officers and men, who have done all that men could do. For myself, however humble my ability, it has been my constant endeavour to remedy its defects by the utmost exertion of vigilance and activity. Since I have commanded on this fi'ontier I have never been absent fi'om duty for an hour. I trusted that the invariable success which has attended the Scinde IiTegular Horse in guarding the border would have suflSced to have con\dnced Government that the leader of the corps was not wanting in the qualifications necessary for deaUng successfully with such clever, enterprising, and ever- watchful enemies as are the predatory tribes beyond the frontier ; and I cannot adequately express my regi'et at finding that Government considers that, in the performance of the duty, neither vigilance nor caution have been displayed on our part. The chief means I have of preventing occuiTcnces such as this raid of Kusmore consist in obtaining timely information of gatherings of the mountaineers, and of their intended movements, which may enable me to reinforce the point threatened, or, possibly, fall in with and attack the invaders in the desert ; while each outpost has only to look to its own neighbourhood. In the instance of the attack on Kusmore, there were, as has been ah-eady reported, two assemblies of the predatory tribes going on at once — one in the Murrow valley, and the other near Lharee. The latter body, which was the greater of the two, aftei-wards went off" to the Bolaun ; but the original intentions of the men composing it were, probably, similar to those of the other party, which attacked Kusmore. It is impossible always to know with certainty beforehand what wiU be the proceedings of these wild and lawless marauders ; they do not even know them- selves ; but sometimes change their intentions on the very eve of canying them into effect. Until ill success shall have induced these tribes to forego their predatory habits, such occurrences as this raid of Kusmore must sometimes happen, in spite of every arrangement and precaution, and without blame to any one on our side. The utmost that we can do is to prevent the success of the robbers ; we cannot hope entirely to put a stop to their attempts. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 23rd May, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to report that nothing of importance has occuiTcd on the frontier under my command since the date of my last report. I have received full accounts of the fight which took place on the 10th instant at Beebee Nanee, between the Murrees and Brahooees. The former were defeated, with the loss of about one hundred and twenty men killed on the spot. In the flight afterwards a great many more were slain, and many perished by thirst in the pursuit. Some of the fugitives took refuge in the village of Keerta, and were treacherously killed by the villagers. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 299 Altogether, the loss of the Murrees in this affair is not less than seven hundred 2.'!r(i May, in 19. and fifty men. The Murrees, on this occasion, numbered thirteen hundred ; and this was the same body of men which (as reported by me in former letters) left the liills near Lharec, and appeared to intend making an inroad towards Seinde at the same time that the post of Kusmore was attacked by another party of the same ti'ibe. This force appears not to have dispersed on my airival at Shahpoor on the 13th April last, as mentioned in my former letters, but to have retired within the hills, and then marched to the Bolaun, and encamped at Beebce Nanee, thus blocking both the road to Shawl and that to Kelat, which branches off at that place. In this position they were attfieked and defeated by the troops of Kelat, as above mentioned. I have the honor to forward herewith certain news letters received from Mahomed Hussan, Minister of His Highness the Khan of Kelat, giving accounts of the battle with the Murrees, and of the proceedings regarding Azad Khan. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Seinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Seinde. Sir, 15th May, 1849. I am directed by Major-General Auchmuty to forward, for communication to Major Jacob, the annexed transcript of a letter. No. 884, of the 2nd instant, from the Adjutant-General of the Army, and to desire that in accordance with the 2nd paragraph thereof, a Committee composed as laid down in article 219, section 40, Jameson's code, be assembled either at Shikarpoor or Khanghur, as may be most convenient, for the investigation of the claims of the undermentioned men of the Seinde Irregular Horse to the " Order of Merit," for distinguished gallantly. Should there be any difHculty regarding the two Captains, the three senior officers available are to be nominated, and you will be pleased also to appoint an officer to act as Judge-Advocate. The annexed copy of a letter from Major Jacob, in reference to the gallantry of the claimants, is herewith attached for the information of the Court. The proceedings you will be pleased to forward to me for submission to the General. Names of Claimants. Naib. . . . Russuldar Kurrum AH Khan ,, .... Russuldar Shaik Allaoodeen Dutt'edar Kisson Singh Suwar . . Mahomed Gool ,, . . Khan Gool ,, . . Neaz Gool ,, . . Shaik Ahmed Ali ,, . . Mosum Singh ,, . . Mahomed Jummah Khan ,, . . Bucktawur Khan ,, . . Gool Mahomed Khan ,, . . Synd Rchimutoola ,, . . Khoda Yar Khan ,, . . Mahomed Khan ,, . . Ameer Khan „ . . Khaim Khan ,, . . Synd Janoo ,, . . Nuwaub Sherc Khan. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General . (Ti'ue copy.) (Signed) F. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Major of Brigade, Upper Seinde. 300 RECORDS OF THE 30th May, 1849. SiR, No. 945, dated 18th In reference to your letter, No. 104, of the 27th January, 1848, I am tent^'-Generai*^ ^'^^"' dii-ected by Major-General Auchmuty to transmit to you the transcripts of letters No. 1,426 dated 12th as per marc^in, conveying the decision of the Government of India on your appli- t^ Government!"""'' ^ation for "a Russuldar Major and Kote Duffedar Major being allowed to the No. 228, dated 14th coi'ps undcr your Command. I have the honor, &c., ^f^^nZl^r (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. 18th May, 1849. SiR, With reference to your letter of the 6th of February last, I am directed by His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief to transmit to you the enclosed transcript of one from the Secretary to Government in the Military Department, under date the 12th instant, No. 1,426, with copy of its accompaniment from the Secretary to the Government of India, conveying the decision of the Government of India upon the application from the officer commanding the Scinde IiTCgular Horse that a Russuldar Major and a Kote Duffedar Major be allowed to the corps under his command. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, Adjutant-General of the Anny. Commanding Scinde Divasion. 12th May, 1849. SiR, With reference to your letter. No. 226, of the 20th February last, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to communicate to you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the accompanpng copy of a letter, No. 228, of the 14th ultimo, from the Government of India. \ I have the honor, &c.. To the Adjutant-General (Signed) J. G. LUMSDEN, of the Army. Secretary to Government. ' 14th April, 1849. SiR, Your despatch, No. 870, under date the 26th ultimo, having been laid before the Government of India, I am directed to state, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, that the application of the officer commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse for the addition of a Russuldar Major, on rupees (250) two hundred and fifty, and a Kote Duffedar Major, on rupees (55) fifty-five per mensem, to the establishment of each of those regiments, seems to be chiefly based on the assertion that duty is carried on in them exactly as it is in the best regiments of the Regular Ai'my, and that, therefore, the want of the appointment specified is as much felt as it would be in a corps of Light Cavalry. 2. The attempt to establish the principle, that all that may be desirable in a regiment of Regular Cavalry is necessary to be introduced into corps of IiTCgular Horse or Local Cavahy, has on all occasions been resisted by the Government of India, and by G. O. G. G., under date the 17th January, 1846; it was, for the reasons therein specified, expressly directed, " that the 1st and 2nd Regiments of Scinde Horse be placed, in point of organization, establishments and pay, on the same footing as regiments of Bengal Irregular Cavalry;" and as that General Order contains a scale of establishment, decided upon after full con- sideration, the Honorable the President of the Council of India, in Council, is of opinion that no alteration whatever should be permitted, unless on much stronger grounds than those shown in the present instance, neither Russuldar Major nor Kote Duffedar Majors being known in the Bengal Irregular Cavahy. I have the honor, &c.. To Secretary to Government, (Signed) R. WYLLIE, Major, Military Department. Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, (True copy.) Military Department. (Signed) J. G. LUMSDEN, (True copies.) Secretary to Government. (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, j (True copies.) Adjutant-General of the Array. (Signed) F. FOLLET, Captain, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde Division. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 301 Sir, 1st June, 1849. I have the honor to inform you that the undermentioned officers and men of the Scinde Irregular Horse proceeded to Shikarpoor this morning, for the purpose of appearing before a Committee, with i-eference to claims to the " C)rder of Merit:"— Naib. . . . Russuldar Shaik Allaoodeen ,, .... Russuldar Kurrum Ali Khan Dutlcdar Kisson Singh Suwar . . Mahomed Gool . . Khan Gool ,, . . Neaz Gool ,, . . Shaik Ahmed Ali . . Mosum Singh . . Mahomed .Juminali Kliaii ,, . . Bucktawur Khan „ . . Gool Mahomed Kliau . . Synd Rehimutoola . . Khoda Yar Khan ,, . . Mahomed Khan ,, . . Ariicer Khan ,, . . Khaim Khan ,, . . Synd Jaiioo ,, . . Nuwaub Shere Khan With the above I have also ordered Assistant-Surgeon Mackenzie to proceed to Shikarpoor to give his evidence. I have the honor, &c., To the Major of Brigade (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, in Upper Scinde. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Sir, 25th June, 1849. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. Judicial Depart- Letter, No. 53, of ment. No. 222, of the 20th June, 1849, to my address, with accompanying copy f^^^ MSjorl^'-ob'fo of a letter fi-om Government, No. 2,106, of 1849; and, with reference to their the Officer command- subject, have the honor to state, that the amount received by me for the jKiy of '"'Laterl'No. To,' of Kyheeree Horsemen is paid over by me to their Chief at Chuttur, Kummal Khan, ''i"i-J February, i84s, and by him disbursed to the men of his tribe. Cairfain Brown*'^° '" Three jemadars, at 20 rupees each per mensem, and seventy-seven suwars, at Letter, No. 106, of 15 rupees, are maintained, making a total of (1,215) one thousand two hundred MajVr'jacob to™hl and fifteen rupees monthly. Secretary to the go- The reasons in favour of this aiTangement with the Kyheerees tribe, and of con- ^'" L^t™, No. rjs^of tinuing the payment above-mentioned to them, are fully set forth in my letters, i-')' ^i">'> i^^^, from enumerated in the margin, which have been already laid before Government. Sec'retary''To the Go! The advantages to the peace of the country, contemplated in the arrangement, ^ernment of sdnde. , , , ^ , ^ •' ' ' » ' Letter, No. 153. of have already acciiied. 4th Juiy, i848, tvom It was supposed by me that the Shahpoor post (consisting of two companies of *'"J""' •'^'^"^ ^"^ *'"= Infantry and a troop of Cavalry) would be no longer required ; it was accordingly verumcnt of Scindc. withdrawn, and suice that time the Kyheerees have maintained themselves, as I expected that they would be able to do, in the part of the country occupied by them, in perfect jieace and quietness, without other aid from us than the payment above-mentioned . The experiment has hitherto proved perfectly successful ; and it appears to me that it would be injudicious, for the present at least, to disturb an arrange- ment which appears to answer so well. Were the assistance now afforded to the Kyheerees by the British Government withdrawn from them they would not be able to maintain themselves in tiieir present position ; and that part of Cutchee, now occupied by a quiet peaceable race, would again speedily be filled by predatorv tribes, as it was before the Kyheerees settled there, in 1845, to the gi-ievous annoyance of the British border. I have the honor, Ike, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Conmianding Frontier of Upper Scinde. 302 RECORDS OF THE 6th August, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to request that the attention of His Excellency the Com- mander-in-Chief, and of Government, may again be called to the propriety of appointing a Russuldar Major and a Kote DufFedar Major to each of the Regi- ments of Scinde In-egular Horse. Government having declined granting my former application for these appoint- ments, I would not have presumed to renew it, were I not convinced that the sole cause of their not being gi-anted is my own want of ability to explain the matter in such a manner as to make it as clear to my superiors as it is to myself. The conduct and discipline of Native soldiers has been the study and business of the best part of my life, for many years past. These have constituted " my morning thought, my midnight dream, my hope throughout the day ;" and I am morally certain that, to the proper discipline of a good Native Regiment, the appointments above-mentioned are in the highest degree advantageous, if not absolutely necessary. The Russuldar Major completes the connection between the European Com- mandant and the Native soldiers, on all manner of subjects, not always directly connected with the ordinary routine of miUtaiy duty, but on which the excellence of the Native soldier veiy greatly depends. In fact, in a Native Regiment, an officer in the position of Russuldar Major, by whatever name called, is requii-ed to ensure a perfect understanding and mutual confidence between the Englishman and Asiatic. In the absence of one superior Native Officer, undue influence (or the reputa- tion of such, which is equally injurious) is likely to be possessed by the Native Adjutant (Wordee Major) ; and jealousies may thereby arise between him and the Commanders of Troops which would otherwise never have existed. The principal business of the Native Adjutant (Wordee Major) is with the men on duty. The Russuldar Major is chiefly valuable off" duty. Both, in their proper places, are essential to the well-being of a corps. Until 1846 the Russuldar Major existed in the Scinde IiTcgular Horse; and if the want of such an officer in the coi-ps has not been severely felt since that time, it is because I have caused the senior Native Officer to act as Russuldar Major ; and because it has hitherto happened that this senior Russuldar has been one of those excellent old officers who entered the sen-ice as Native Officers in the Mahratta War in 1817, who commands respect and deference from his personal character, energy, and intelligence, as much as from his position in the service, and whom the other officers cannot but look on as their natural superior, i although holding no higher rank than the other Russuldars. There is now but one of those officers left in the corps ; and when he goes the want of a Russuldar Major will daily become more apparent. With regard to the Kote Duftedar Major, he holds the place of the Sergeant- Major of an English Regiment ; and, under some denomination or other, such a non-commissioned officer is absolutely necessaiy in a Native Regiment for its drill, and the equitable distribution of duty. The use of a Sergeant-Major in a European corps is so e^ndent, and his duties so notorious, that it is, I presume, needless to enter into details. It is necessary to the discipline of the regiment that the duty of the Kote Duftedar Major be performed by some one, whether Government allow any pay for the appointment or not ; and, as the duties are important and the position responsible, it appears to me proper that rank should be recognised and paid by the State. .» I have the honor, &c., ' (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Assistant Adjutant-General, Commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse, Scinde Division. Honorary Aide-de-Camp to the Most Noble the Governor-General. 12th August, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 330, of the 9th August, 1849, to my address, with accompaniments. With reference to the subject of their contents, I beg to state that, in the present tranquil state of the border, the force at my disposal, after the withdi-awal SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 303 of tlu' three (letachiiicnts of the Camel Corps at Shaluhidpoor, Dost AH and 12th August. iHnt. Kumhur, will, doubtless, be quite sufficient for the protection of this frontier, witliout the aid of any of the Mounted Police or others. I am, however, of opinion that the best ari'anp:enient for the present will be to leave the three posts now held by the Camel Corps unoccupied, retaining the present strength at Khanghm-, which I think it would not be advisable to reduce more than may be found necessaiy. On the return of the detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse from the Punjaub, I should propose permanently to occupy the posts of Shalidadpoor and Dost Ali by detachments of the Scinde Irregular Horse, the post of Kumbur not being re-occupied at all, as it will not ever be required when the horsemen hold the other posts. I have to-day sent orders to the detachments of the Camel Corps to evacuate the posts held by them and proceed to Laikhana. Should it appear advisable to re-occupy these posts before the return of my Punjaub detachment, 1 will instantly send parties from Khanghur for that purpose ; meanwhile, unless I receive orders to the contrary, I purpose leaving them unoccupied. I have the honor, ike. To Brigadier Douglas, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, 12th.\ugust, 1S49. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 1,552, of the 6th August, 1849, to my address, with accompaniment. With reference to the subject thereof, I Iuiac the honor to state that, on the withdrawal of the detachments of the Camel Corps, the force at my disposal will still, in my opinion, be sufficient for the safe keeping of this frontier for the present. I propose that the post of Kumbur be not again occupied at all, and that the other two frontier posts, hitherto held by detachments of the Camel Corps, Shahdadj)Oor and Dost Ali, remain unoccupied until the return of the detachment of the Scinde Iiregular Horse serving in the Punjaub, when I will again send detachments there. This will, I think, be the best ai'rangement which can be made, as it will be highly unadvisable to reduce my present strength at Khanghur more than may be necessary. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, 22nd August, 1849. I have the honor to report that, on the 16th instant, 1 proceeded to Khyi-ee GhuiTce, with the intention of visiting all the posts on the western side of this frontier. On the night following, an unusual and even quite unprecedented fall of rain took place, which rendered the country for two days impassable, even for men on foot, and it is still so for horsemen. On the morning of the 1 7th the water was standing more than two feet deep in the lines at Khyree Ghurree ; and in a few hom-s the whole of these lines fell down, and were completely washed away. I had previously caused men and horses to leave the lines, and pitch where they could find dry spots on the tops of sand hillocks, which alone appeared above the water ; so that no one was hurt. As far as the eye could reach nothing but water could be seen ; and the whole desert between Khyiee GhuiTee and Rojaun was converted into a lake. Even now, after a lapse of six days, the water is nearly three feet deep in some parts of the road ; while the mud still renders it very difficult even for a cossid to get from one place to the other. It is my intention to retuin to Khanghur as soon as possible. I received information yesterday that a strong body of Murrees has assembled in the hills for a predatoiy excursion on the border. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 304 RECORDS OF THE 27th August, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 213, of the 10th August, 1849, to my address, and with reference to the subject thereof, to inform you that nothing was due "from my Russala" to the ShrofF in question — that no such transactions are allowed in the Scinde Irregular Horse — and that the debts in question were incurred by His Highness the Rao's own soldiers. I beg to refer you to my former letters on the subject, especially to my letter. No. 108, of the 22nd September, 1846, to the address of Lieutenant Raikes. You will perceive from that letter that I declined fi-om the first having anj-thing whatever to do with the transaction in question. When I consented to enlist into the Scinde Irregular Horse the men of His Highness the Rao's Troop of Cutch Irregular Horse, they were sent to me at Hyderabad without the least hint of the existence of these debts, or of any claims whatever against them, though a month's pay was advanced " to them by His Highness to start them fair in their new corps," as I was then informed. Some months after the men had been enlisted into the Scinde IiTCgular Horse a list of the debts in question was sent to me by Lieutenant Raikes, when my letter, No. 108, above-mentioned, was wTitten. I ordered the money to be paid immediately, or the debtors to leave the regiment. The ShrofF regularly appointed an agent at Hyderabad to receive the money ; the money w^as paid to him accordingly, and receipts in full long ago foi-warded to Lieutenant Raikes. From that time the matter rested entirely with the ShrofF and his agents. Not only were the receipts forwarded as above-mentioned, but as I have already informed Lieutenant Raikes, the agent appointed by the ShrofF to receive the money appeared before me as magistrate, and solemnly affirmed that he had received the money in full ; and Lieutenant Raikes informed me in his letter, No. 92, of the 26th March, 1849, as well as in a private letter w^hich accompanied it, that the Shroff's claims were not against any men of the Scinde Irregular Horse, but against his own Gomashta, who was said to have applied the money to his own use. If Roopchund Dosanee, of Bhooj, has been cheated by his partner or agent, the courts of law are open to him ; but he has no claim whatever against the Scinde Irregular Horse, or any one belonging to it. The debts due to the sub- jects of His Highness the Rao, and all other claims against the men, should have , been settled before they left his sendee ; and it appears to me that there was great impropriety in not informing me of these debts before the men were enlisted in the Scinde Irregular Horse ; but on the contrary, allowing me to believe that the men started fair, with a month's pay in advance. I consented to receive the men of the Cutch In-egular Horse, but never to receive its debts. However, the money has been paid, and I beg to decfine having anything more to do with the matter. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Pohtical Agent in Cutch. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 29th August, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to report, that nothing of importance has occurred on the frontier under my command since the date of my last report. I returned to Khanghur on the 24th instant. With reference to the extraordinary flood, mentioned in my last report, it may be interesting to record, that at Khyi-ee Ghurree the water from the Nara river had joined the Indus water, and was flowing fi-eely into the Khyi'ce ke Koor, which is connected both with the Scinde and the Ghar. Near Rojaun, I found the water fi-om the Lahree river flowing in a strong stream to the southward, so that the Cutchee water on that side also joined the Indus water, via the Meerwah. Such an occurrence has not, I believe, been known for half a century, or more. The Murree force, whose assembly was reported last week, left the hills a few days ago, carried off a number of cattle fi'om Mull, and killed seven men of that ) place. The marauders then retired to their hills, but are still assembled. I have the honor, &c., ' (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. SCINDK IRKHGULAR IIORSK. 305 Sir, 5tli September, 1849. I have the honor to inform you that the party of Muirees, mentioned in my last report as being still assembled in arms, left the hills on the 28th ultimo, as if to attack the Kyheeree villages (Poolajec, Chuttur, &c.), but apparently thinking the attempt rash, immediately countermarched, returned to the hills without doing any mischief, encamped on the Muitow plain, and thence proceeded to make an inroad into the Muzzaree country (in the province of Mooltan), whence they carried ort" a large quantity of cattle, killing several of the herdsmen. The Muzzarees assembled and pursued the robbers ; a tight ensued, in which a principal chief of the Muirees, by name Ali Khan, with his nephew, Azad Khan, and others, were killed. On the 1st instant a small party of Boogtees, led by Alum Khan, Kulpur, can'ied oft' a number of camels from Goree Naree, at which place a considerable number of Jutts are now residing. The marauders were pm-sued, but escaped to the hills. The camels were recovered. I Iiave the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding the Frontier, Upper Scinde. Sir, 12th September, 1849. I have the honor to report that, on the 8th instant, information was received at the post of Kusmore that a party of plunderers, headed by Alum Khan, Kulpur, had attacked some people coming from Rojaun, at a place about sixteen miles from Kusmore, and carried off" a number of camels. A party of the Scinde In-egular Horse and Belooch guides immediately pro- ceeded in pursuit, and after a long and severe chase of about sixty miles, came up with the marauders within the large hills ; the stolen property was recovered, but before the suwars could close with the robbers the latter succeeded in obtaining the top of an inaccessible hill and escaped ; Alum Khan was seen and recognised. The jVIurrees have again assembled in considerable numbers at Beebee Nanee, for the purpose of intercepting some large Kafilas now at Shawl, and about to descend the Bolaun Pass. Mahomed Hussan informs me that he has sent a Brahooee force against them, and that a fight is daily expected, of which the result will be communicated hereafter. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. glR 22nd September, 1849. With reference to your letter. No. 1 1 1, of the 26th of July last, requesting that your claim to the distinction of Companion of the Bath may be again brought to the notice of the authorities, I am directed by the Major-General commanding the Division to annex, for your information, copy of one from the Adjutant- General of the Army, dated 8th instant. No. 1,.')22. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) E, GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse. Assistant Adjutant-General. I glU 8th September, 1849. j I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 22nd i ultimo, with accompaniment, relating to the claims of Major Jacob to the • distinction of the Order of the Bath, and am directed in reply to intimate, that ; the matter having been already twice brought to the notice of the home authorities, i and the last time so recently as in March last, as notified in the Military Secretary's , letter. No. 670, of the 8th of that month, His Excellency does not consider it ' proper to forward any further applications on the subject at present, or until the I Honorable Court's reply to the second reference shall be received. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) HENRY HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major-General Auchmuty, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Commanding Scinde Division. (True copv-l (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel. 306 RECORDS OF THE IPth October, 1849. SiR, I have the honor to request that it may be brought to the notice of the General commanding in Scinde, that in consequence of the daily increasing sick- ness among the men of the Scinde IiTCgular Horse my border force is completely crippled, and is becoming quite inadequate to the safe keeping of this frontier. Inclusive of the sick men now on their way fi'om the various outposts, about thi-ee hundi-ed of my men are laid up with the fever prevailing in the country, and among the sick are so many Native officers that I have now for duty at Khanghur but two Native officers of the 1st Regiment and six of the 2nd Regiment Scinde In-egular Horse. The men suffering from the fever do not quickly recover their strength, even after the disease has left them, and remain a long time unfit for duty, and from the rapid increase in the numbers of attacked, it appears evident that hardly a man vaU escape the disease. Under these circumstances, to prevent the peace of ,the border becoming seriously disturbed, I beg leave to request that immediate a^lication be made for the return forthwith of the detachment of my corps, now at Peshawur. I have the honor, &c.. To the Officer (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding the Frontier of Upper Scinde. 20th October, 1849. SiR, With reference to your letter, No. 117, of the 6th August last, I am directed by the Major-General commanding the division to annex, for your infor- mation, copy of one fi'om the Military Secretaiy to Government, No. 2,862, dated the 4th instant, intimating that your renewed application for the appointment of a Russuldar-Major and Kote Duffedar-Major to the regiments under your com- mand will be again referred to the Government of India. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major Jacob, Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 4th October, 1849. SiR, In acknowledging the receipt of your letter. No. 841, dated 1st September last, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to acquaint you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, that the a]iplication therein submitted will be again refeiTed to the Government of India. I have the honor, &c.. < (Signed) To the Adjutant-General. (Signed) (Signed] P. M. MELVILLE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. (True copv.) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copy.) ^ EDWARD" GREEN, Lieutenant-Golonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. 26th October, 1849. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 469, of the 25th October, 1849, to my address ; and, with reference to its subject, to state that, with respect to the peace and safe-keeping of this frontier, I am of opinion that the detachment at Larkhana might be withdi'awn altogether without disad- vantage ; what reasons, on other accounts, may exist for keeping the troops at that station, I know not. 2. — My border force is now so miserably reduced, by the prevailing fever, that I already find it impossible to keep up the patrols necessaiy to ensure quiet along the frontier. 3. — ^The number of sick increases so rapidly that I am compelled to reduce all my posts, as the sick men come in ; I have none to relieve them. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 307 4. — I have ascertained that there is very Httle unusual siekness prcvailiny,- in inth October, isig. tiie plain country of Cutchee, and none in tlie hills ; and, should the predatory tribes become ftilly aware of our helpless state, most serious consequences to the peace of the country might ensue. 5. — Doubtless, the other trooj)s in Upper Scinde are suffering as much as the Scinde Irregular Horse ; but, inider the circumstances above-mentioned, if even one company of Infantry could be spared, for the purpose of being posted at Kusmore, I think that the anangement would be highly advisable. 6. — I should not require an European officer with their company ; an intelli- gent Native officer will be quite sufficient. 7. — If this amount of assistance can be afforded, I shall be obliged by your directing the painty to join me at Khanghur as soon as possible. I have the honoi", &c.. To Colonel Cracklow, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. Sir, 8th December, 1849. With reference to my letter, No. 766, of the 22nd September last, I am directed by the Brigadier- General commanding the Division to transmit to you the enclosed copy of one from Sccrctai-y Lieutenant-Colonel Melvill, No. 3,363, of the 27th ultimo, with annexed extract from a despatch from the Honorable Court of Directors, intimating that your claim to the distinction of the Order of the Bath has been brought under notice in the proper quarter. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major Jacob, Assistant Adjutant- General. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. Sir 27th November, 1849. With reference to the letter fi'om this department. No. 670, dated the 17th March last, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to communicate to you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in- Chief, the annexed extract, paragraph 9, of a despatch fi'om the Honorable the Court of Du-ectors, No. 40, dated the 29th August last. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, To the Adjutant-General. Secretary to Government. EXTRACT from 9 of a Despatch from the Honorable the Court of Directors, No. 40, dated 29th August, 1849. Letter dated 17th March, 1849, No. 24. ! Claim of Major Jacob, commanding! This communication has been brought ' Scinde Irregular Horse, Honor of C.B.J under notice in the proper cjuartcr. I (True extract.) I (Signed) I'. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, i Secretaiy to Government. (True copies.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant- Genera I. Sir, ! With reference to my letter. No. 872, of the 20th October last, I am ! directed by the Brigadier- General commanding the Division to transmit to you ' the enclosed transcript of one from the Secretary, Lieutenant-Colonel Melvill, under date the 22nd instant. No. 3,3 10, with copy of its accompaniment, intimating 8th December 1849. 308 RECORDS OF THE 8th December, 1849. that the Government of India dechnes to comply with your renewed appli- cation for the addition of a Russuldar Major and a Kote DufFedar Major to each regiment of Scinde Horse ; also noticing an iiTegularity on your part, nominating an officer to act as Russuldar Major. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major Jacob, Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 22ndNovember, 1849. Sir, With reference to your letter of the 1st September last, No. 841, and in continuation of the one addressed to you on the 4th of the following month. No. 2,862, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to communicate to you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in- Chief, the accompanying copy of a despatch from the Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, No. 474, dated the 26th October last, regarding certain proposed additions to the Establishment of the Scinde Irregular Horse. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. To the Adjutant- General. 26th October, 1849. Sir, Having submitted your despatch, No. 2,861, of the 4th instant, to the Honorable President of the Council in India, in Council, I am directed to state, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, that His Honor in Council can see no sufficient reason for altering the decision communi- cated to you in my letter, No. 228, of the 14th April last, relative to the applica- tion of the officer commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse for the addition of a Russuldar Major, on rupees (250) two hundred and fifty, and a Kote Duffedar Major, on rupees (55) fifty-five per mensem, for each of these corps. His Honor in Council desires it may be pointed out to Major Jacob that he has acted very irregularly in nominating the senior Russuldar to act as Russuldar Major, in opposition to the decision of Government. I have the honor, &c.. (Signed) R. WYLLIE, Major, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India, Military Department. (True copy.) (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Goveniment. (True copies.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Assistant Adjutant- General of the Array. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. 8th December, 1849. 5IR, I am directed by the Brigadier-General commanding the Division to transmit to you the enclosed transcript of a communication from Secretary Lieutenant- Colonel Melvill, under date the 23rd ultimo. No. 3,334, with copy of its accom- paniments, from the Secretary to the Government of India, intimating that the Most Noble the Governor-General of India considers that none of the men of the Scinde Horse, recommended for the " Order of Merit," have any claim to that distinction by the rules laid down for admission to that order. I have the honor, &c., To the Officer (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Assistant Adjutant-General. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 309 Sir, 23rd March, 1S49. In adverting to your letter, dated the 20th July last, No. 740, I am directed by tlie Right Uonomble the Governor in Council to communicate to you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the annexed copy of a despatch from the Officiating Secretaiy to the Government of India, dated 26th ultimo. No. 51.'?. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) P. M. iMELMLL, Lieutenant-Colonel, To the Adjutant-General of the Army. Secretary to Government. Sir, In reply to your despatch, No. 2,365, of the 1.5th August, 1849, with enclosures, I am directed to acquaint you, that the Right Honorable the Governor in Council of India considers that none of the men of the Scinde Horse, therein recommended for the " Order of Merit," have any claim to that distinction, by the rules laid down for admission to that order. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) R. W^'LLIE, Major, Officiating Secretary to the Government of India. (True copy.) (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. (True copies.) (Signed) W. WYLLIE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army. Sir, 16th January, 1850. I have the honor to report, for the information of the General commanding in Scinde, that the detachment of the Scinde In-egular Horse, serving in the Punjaub, marched from Peshawur en route for Khanghur on the 4th January, 1850. I have the honor to request that this detachment be ordered to cross the Indus, opposite Kusmore, where I have ascertained that the passage of the river is quite easy at this season, instead of proceeding by the circuitous route of Roree. 1 have the honor, &c.. To Captain Phayre, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Quarter-Master-General, Kun-achee. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. The Commanding Officer has been directed by Brigadier Derinzy, commanding 27th February, isso. in Upper Scinde, to acquaint the officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the corps, with the result of his late inspection of the Scinde Irregular Horse, on outpost and at regimental head-quarters. The Brigadier, after minutely inspecting the coi-jis, is pleased to declare that he considers the Scinde Horse to be the perfect beau ideal of a corps of Irregular Cavalry ; that, in every single respect, without exception, he finds the corjjs to be absolutely perfect ; that — as regards horses, arms, accoutrements, clothing, &c. — there is no room for improvement ; that the readiness, and intelligence, and soldier-like bearing of the Native officers, non-commissioned officers, and men, are most conspicuous, and meet with his highest approbation ; and that he was particularly pleased to obsei-ve the zeal with which the officers and men of the regiment evidently exert themselves in assisting the Commanding Officer in training and suj)porting the discipline of the corps. The excellent state in which he finds the Scinde Irregular Horse could only have been produced by all, of evexy rank, belonging to it doing their duty with hearty good will and constant untiring perseverance. Finally, the Brigadier will have much pleasure in bringing the result of the inspection, and the admirable order in which he has found everything about the Scinde Irregular Horse, to the notice of higher authority. The Commanding Officer congi-atulates his officers and men on their having received such high praise from so distinguished an officer as Brigadier Derinzy. By order, (Signed) HENRY GREEN, Lieutenant, Adjutant 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, w 2 310 RECORDS OF THE (til Maieh, i8r>o. The Commanding Officer has much pleasm-e in pubUshing to the corps the following order, by Brigadier Derinzy, commanding in Upper Scinde. Such praise from an officer who has sei-ved so long, in all parts of the world, and who has fought with high distinction in forty-six general engagements, some of them the most famous names of modern times, is very valuable ; and the Commander, in common with all the officers and men of the Scinde Irregular Horse, may justly feel proud to find that their conduct, on this frontier and else- where, is not unnoticed nor unappreciated by their superiors, and is known to the most distinguished officers in Europe. By order, (Signed) " HENRY GREEN, Lieutenant, x\djutant 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse. D. R., fith March, The Brigadier commanding Upper Scinde having completed his inspection of "*■'''■ the two regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse, and of all the detachments occu- pying the frontier posts, cannot take leave of Major Jacob without expressing to him his unqualified approbation of the high state of efficiency and discipline in which he found every portion of these distinguished regiments, than which he cannot imagine anything finer or better adapted for the important semces for which these corps were embodied. The arms and accoutrements are in high order, and of superior quality ; the horses eftective and in good condition ; the officers and non-commissioned officers well and judiciously selected ; the troopers well instructed in their duties, and of a fine soldier-like bearing, and the best spirit seems to animate all. The Brigadier begs to congratulate Major Jacob on the very successful result of his able and judicious mode of command, which nothing but the untiring zeal and attention he has bestowed upon it could have produced ; to him, therefore, every praise is due ; the officers, European and Native, also are deserving of all commendation for the zealous co-operation in caiTying out their Commanding Officer's measures for the maintenance of discipline, and the troopers for their cheerful and willing obedience and good conduct, as shewn by the almost total absence of crime and punishment. Qualities such as these will ever ensure for their possessors the respect and approbation of their superiors, and success and renown wherever they may be called upon to meet an enemy in the field. By order, (Signed) T. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Major of Brigade. (Time copy.) (Signed) J. A. COLLIER, Lieutenant, Adjutant 2nd Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse. 4th May, 1850. GENERAL ORDER. The following appointments are made in Scinde Irregular Horse : — Lieutenant W. H. R. Green, Adjutant 1st Scinde Irregular Horse, to be second in command to the 2nd Scinde Irregular Horse, vice Malcolm, proceeded to Europe. Lieutenant M. S. Green, of the 16th Regiment Native Infantry, to be Adjutant to the 1st Scinde Irregular Horse, vice Green, appointed second in command to 2nd Scinde Irregular Horse. (Signed) LUMSDEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant- General. 19th July, 18.^0. GENERAL ORDER. The following General Order, by the Most Noble the Governor-General of India, dated 25th June, 1850, is republished, as applicable to the Officers of the Army of this Presidency. The examination prescribed in the 2nd clause of the Orders of the 9th January, 1837, is to be understood as passed before the Committee at the Presidency; SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 311 but, to prevent inconvenience to the seivicc and unnecessary hardship to indi- latu July, isso. viduals, tlie examination required in the 2nd paragi'aph of the present Order may be passed before Station Committees, in communication witli the Presidency Connnittee, and inider the direction of His Excellency the Counnander-in- Chief GENERAL ORDERS, by the Most Noble the Governor-General of India. Simla, 25th June, 1850. With reference to instructions received fi-oui the Honorable the Court of Directors, the Most Noble the Governor-General of India is pleased to repubHsh the Government General Order, No. 7, dated 9th January, 1837, and to direct as follows : — 2nd. — Every officer removed from his regiment on staff, or civil, or other employment, who is subject to the rule laid down in the above-mentioned General Order, and who has not already passed the examination therein prescribed, or shall not pass it within six months from the date of this Order, will be remanded to the corps. GOVERNMENT GENERAL ORDER, No. 7, dated 9th Januar>% 1837. The Honorable the Court of Directors having, in a recent despatch, again expressed their anxious desire that a competent knowledge of the Native languages should be generally diffused among the officers of their army, and having, at the same time, deemed it necessary to prescribe that a certain degree of proliciency in one or more of those languag-es be, in future, considered an indispensable quahtication for staff employ, the Right Honorable the Governor- General of India, in Council, with a view of giving effect to the wishes of the Honorable Court — without prejudice to the just claims of the many, in other respects, highly qualified officers now in the service — is pleased to publish the following rules, for general information. 1 . — No military officer who is now in the service, or who may enter it here- after, will be deemed qiialificd for, or eligible to, the Commissariat Department, or the ap[)ointment of regimental interpreter, unless he shall have passed the examination in the Native languages, prescribed for candidates for the latter situation. 2. — No officer, who may enter the service hereafter, will be deemed eligible for any staff situation (except a temporary one during actual service in the field) or civil employ, until he shall have passed an examination in the Hindoostanee limguage. 3. — Notwithstanding, that officers now in the sen-ice are exempted froni the restrictive operation of the immediately preceding rule, it is to be distinctly under- stood that a competent knowledge of Hindoostanee, though not in their case an indispensable qualification, for the situations o[)en to others, on the condition of passing an examination in that language will, as hitherto, be always considered to confer a strong additional claim to nomination to the Staff. The following orders are confirmed : — An order by Major Jacob, dated Khanghur, the 1 9th May, 1850, appointing Lieutenant Merewether, 2nd in command, to act as Adjutant to the 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse until the arrival of Lieutenant M. Green, appointed to tiiat office in Government General Order, 4th May, 1850. My Lord Duke, uth June, isso. I beg leave, most humbly, to apologize for the liberty I take in addressing your Grace ; but whatever irregularity there may be in my presuming to do so, I trust that your Grace will pardon a hard-working soldier for appealing diri'ct to you for justice, and reminding your Grace of a promise, which you may well have forgotten, as it regards so humble a person as myself, but which otherwise would, 312 RECORDS OF THE 14th June, 1850. I feel Certain, eve this have heen performed. I humbly beg leave to submit to your Grace, that I commanded the Regiment of Scinde Irregular Horse at the battles of Meeanee and Hyderabad during the Scinde war in 1 843 ; that I received high praise from Sir C. Napier, in his despatches ; that the Governor-General of India appointed me his honorary Aide-de-Camp, and wrote me a highly compli- mentary letter for my conduct in that campaign ; and that when honors were accorded by Her Majesty to the various officers distinguished in war, your Grace was pleased to signify your intention of recommending me for the honor of the Bath, and for the Brevet rank of Major on my attaining the rank of Captain, regimentally, which I then held by Brevet only. This promise was published in General Orders by the Government of India, dated 18th August, 1843, and in General Orders by the Government of Bombay, dated 13th September, 1843. In the same Orders a similar promise is published with respect to another officer, under the same circumstances. But though on attaining the rank of Regimental Captain, on the 15th Januaiy, 1847, I received the Brevet Majority, the honor of the Bath has not yet been accorded me ; Major Tait, mentioned in the same Orders, has received both. The omission may not be of much importance in itself, but, as implying the disapprobation of my superiors, it is seriously felt by me, and often remarked on by others ; yet since the date of the Orders above-mentioned, recording the pro- mise, I am wholly at a loss to conceive what I can have done to merit disgi'ace. I have commanded my regiment for nearly nine years past, and for the last foui' years two regiments ; during the whole time I have never been absent from my duty for a day on any account whatever ; I have, since the conquest of Scinde, almost constantly been actively employed, and have been repeatedly mentioned with high praise in the public despatches, &c. On the 14th June, 1843, in command of a force of 800 men, of all arms, I sur- prised on his line of march, and utterly discomfited, an enemy who was moving to attack me at night with an army some 10,000 strong. On this occasion Sir C. Napier told me that I had saved his life, and prevented a dangerous Pindaree war. The historian of the conquest of Scinde has recorded the same ; I have been repeatedly mentioned with honor in the public despatches since that time, and Sir C. Napier and Sir W. Cotton have both recorded, in General Orders, that I have brought my corps to perfection. That this praise was not lightly given was lately shown by the conduct of a detachment of the Scinde Irregular Horse at the Battle of Goojerat. My conduct since the publication of the promise above-mentioned has, therefore, I humbly submit, been such as to prove me not unworthy of the promised honor, for which, I trust, that your Grace will now recommend me. I have the honor to be, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde IiTegular Horse. 1st Augu8t, 1850. Dear Sir, The Governor-General has somewhere seen a paper detailing the distribu- tion of your force for the protection of the frontier of Scinde, and accompanied by a map on which the posts, &c., were indicated. His Lordship is under the impression that such a paper by you exists, and would wdsh you to send him a copy if you can, or to indicate the number and date of the paper, so that I might get it from Calcutta or Bombay, at whichever of these places it may be. But if the Governor-General be in error, then I beg you will favor with such a report, addressed to the Supreme Government, and for its information. The reports must show the arrangements you have made for the defence and control of the frontier, and which have been so eminently effective and successful, as well as the posts ; their distance from each other ; amount of force at each place ; nature of the force ; nature of the post, if fortified, and the instructions issued to the men. I should wish also that you would specify the Police posts, and the strength of them, intermingled with your own; and send a map, if possible, to show generally the points above specified. If these particulars are to be found on record at Bombay, will you be so good as to wi-ite officially to that Govern- ment, intimating the Governor-General's wish to have them ; this will save time. Yours very truly, (Signed) H. M. ELLIOT. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 313 Sir, I am directed by the Commander-in-Chief to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 14th June, 1850, and to accjuaint you that it is not usual for His Grace to con-espond with officers of the service of the East India Company with regard to their claim to promotion or honors ; and, therefore, he can do no more than fonvard your representation to the President of the Board of Control, to be dealt with as he may see tit. I have the honor to be, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) FITZROY SOMERSET. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. 6th August, IS.'iO. Sir, As directed in your letter of the 1st August, 18r)0, to my address, I have the honor to report, for the information of the Government of India, that the proceed- ings and arrangements on the frontier of Upper Scinde, since it has been under my command, have been as set forth below. In January, 1847, I arrived with the 1st Regiment Scinde Irregular Horse, at Khanghur, and assumed command of the frontier. At this time the state of aftairs on the border was as follows : — The officer commanding the frontier. Colonel Forbes, resided at Shikarpoor, which place was considered as the fi'ontier head-quarters. The outposts were : — Strength of Detachment. Shahpoor A troop of Regular Cavalry, two companies of Infantry, and one Field-piece. Khanghur .... A troop of Regular Cavahy. RoJAUN Twenty-five men of Regular Cavalry. MoBARUKi'ooR . . Twcuty-fivc men of Regular Cavahy. Meerpoor A troop of Regular Cavahy, and 50 Infantry. Tlie lines of the detachment, at Shahpoor, were constructed so as to form a species of field fort. There were mud forts at Khanghur, Rojaun, and Mobai'uk- poor, of considerable strength, wliich were occupied by the detachments. The detachment at Meerpoor was quai-tered in the town, which is nearly open, being only protected by some detached towers ; at Janeyde}Ta the Jekranee tribe were located under the superintendence of an Em'opean Commissioner. At Shahpoor were five European officers, at Khanghur one, and at Meerpoor two. The frontier to the westward, from KhjTee Ghun-ee to Kumber, was guarded by the Camel Corps at Larkhana, but they had no regularly established outposts. Boordeeka, from Meerpoor to Kusmore, was unoccupied by our troops. At Kusmore was a strong detachment of police. Each post reported separately to Shikarpoor. The people, along both sides of the border, were permitted to bear arms, and an unarmed man was veiy rarely seen. The disorder prevailing was such that our own subjects, living within the Scinde border, were in the habit of proceeding on predatory excursions in considerable numbers, with perfect impunity. There was no system of patrols along the border ; the detachments at the posts were independent of each other, shut up within walls, and thinking only of acting on the defensive. The communication from post to post was difficult, for want of roads and bridges ; and the district of Boordeeka was a nest of robbers. Terror and alarm prevailed everywhere along the frontier, which were greatly increased by the impunity with which the hill plunderers invaded Scinde, and canicd off their spoil close to our posts, and even from the neighbourhood of Shikarpoor, at which place even the troops were continually expecting to be attacked. Under these circumstances, it appeared to me that the power of the robber tribe consisted in the ten-or with which they were regarded ; that their real strength was contemptible ; and that a great deal of the disorder which prevailed in the countiy was caused by our own subjects. That it was impossible to protect the people of the countiy, or to gain their confidence, while our detachments were shut up in forts, and acted chiefly on the defensive. w 4 7th August, 1850. 314 RECORDS OF THE 7tii August, 1850. Wherefore, as soon as 1 had been entrusted wath the necessaiy discretionary power, I proceeded to disarm every man in the country, not being in Government employ, and to imprison all men found leaving Scinde and crossing the border on predatoiy excursions. A road was cut, and the canals bridged between the posts; patrols were kept going, day and night, along the whole line ; and from Khanghur, which was made Frontier Head-Quarters, strong parties went daily and nightly to one or the other of the wateiing places, at the foot of the hills on the other sid.e of the desert, such as Ooch, Punnian, Hoodoo, Goree Naree, &c. These patrols were accompanied by good Belooche guides and puggees ; and were, as often as possible, commanded by myself or my European Lieutenants. Beloochee scouts were also kept at Hassan ke Ghun'ce, and spies were frequently sent into the hills. The Shahpoor Detachment patrolled the country, fi'om the Tegwagh to Hoodoo ; and various persons were, fi-om that post, maintained as spies in the hills. Good information was thus generally obtained of the assembly and intended movements of the hill tribes in force ; and, as the whole desert was crossed in every direction by om* patrols daily, even through the hot seeison, no small parties of robbers could ever approach the British border with impunity, for no party of the Scinde Irregular Horse, however small, ever hesitated to fall on any body of the robbers, however large; and, after two or three encounters such as that alluded to by Sir C. Napier, in General Order 20th Februaiy, 1847, where eighteen men discomfited 200 and killed several of them, the latter scarcely ever attempted a stand when met with. It was a curious circumstance, and one very characteristic of the predatory border tribes that, w^hile the mountaineers were in the habit of plundering the whole country they disposed of much of the plunder in Scinde, and the maraud- ing chiefs and others had regular accounts current with Bunniahs living in the towns and villages in Scinde, who were, for long, never even suspected of being in league with robbers, with whom they were in constant intimate communication. Not only was a ready market for the plunder pro\'ided, but the hill robbers, who were laying waste the country, w^ere supplied with food from Scinde and the plains of Cutchee ; while, from their close connection with the Scinde Bunniahs, they were always kept ftilly informed of all our proceedings which might in any way concern them. I had in my possession, in 1847, the account books of some Bunniahs of Meerpoor, showing most extensive dealings with Islam Khan, Boogtee, and other predatory chiefs in the hills, for years past ; and a number of intercepted letters placed the existence of the coiTcspondence above-mentioned beyond doubt. The establisliing of our frontier patrols, and the strict watch kept day and night on the border, entirely put a stop to these proceedings ; but such impudence had been caused by long impunity, that a merchant of Shikarpoor loudly complained of my having stopped a camel-load of matchlocks, which he was sending to the hills across the frontier, near Hassan ke Ghurree. The predatory tribes, finding themselves completely cut off fi-om Scinde, and totally unable to plunder, as heretofore, in small bodies, assembled in force, and after threatening a descent on Scinde in various points, proceeded to attack the Kyheerees, in Cutchee ; but Lieutenant Merewether, in command of the Shahpoor post, had been long and patiently watching their proceedings in that quarter ; and this skilful ofiicer, on the 1st October, 1847, having thrown his squadron between the mountaineei's and their hills, fell on them in such sort, that although they outnumbered him more than five to one, he nearly annihilated the Boogtee tribe. Since that day the task of keeping the border has been comparatively very easy ; soon after that affair I was allowed to make my own arrangement for the permanent guarding of this frontier ; I then withdrew the posts from Shahpoor and Meerpoor (that at Mobainikpoor I had long before transfeiTcd to Dil Morad ke GhurreeJ, established a claim of posts from Kumber to Kusmore, with lines at each place ; sunk wells where required, and cut a road from Hassan ke Ghurree to Kusmore, thi'ough the dense jungle of Boordeeka. The duty of guarding this frontier has now become a simple matter of routine ; patrols always go daily from post to post, in both directions ; my Beloochee scouts, who are kept always moving about the desert, and who have constant fi-ee communication with the country folk, give timely information of everything stiiring, when a special party is immediately sent to any point indicated. ! SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 315 Having gained the entire contidence of tlie peasantry of the country, wlio now 7th August, isso. despise the mountaineers as much as they formerly dreaded them, these people also are of material assistance to us, and every strange footstep on the horder is certain to be speedily reported to one or other of the posts, and to be innnediately followed. For the relief of the detachments at the frontier posts, the plan I have adopted is this ; two parties leave Khanghur on the tirst of every month, one proceeds to Dil Morad ke Ghurree, and the other to the Rojaun ; the parties at these two posts being relieved, proceed to relieve the detachments at the next posts, and so on to the end of the claim ; the last party, on being relieved, returning to head-tjuarters at Khanghur. By this means the men become well acquainted with the country — familiar with the duties of each post, while the work is fairly apportioned. A good body of men is kept at head-quarters, so that drill and discipline do not suft'er ; and troops are always moving about the fi'ontier, in addition to the regular patrols. On the Cutchee side, the Kyheerees living at Poolijee, Chuttur, &c., keep me fully informed of all proceedings in their neighbourhood, and in their hills in that direction. While having full political powers, and the Wukkeels of the Khan of Kelat and of Meer Ali Morad residing wath me, I find no difficulty in dealing with the sub- jects of those Princes, who have issued strict orders to all their people to obey me as they would themselves. The greatest physical difficulty I have found on this frontier has been the want of water. In the year 1847 we were greatly distressed on this account, and I had to bnng water from Janeydeyra, on camels, to supply the men, who, in the hottest weatlier in May and June, scarcely ever obtained a full allowance of even brackish water ; this was the more felt as we were without shelter, the lines not being built, and had to be out patrolling to such distances, that we were in the saddle frequently for twenty-four hours together. Arrangenicuts have been made for permanently con-ecting tliis evil, which I have every reason to beheve will prove successful. There are no fortifications or field-works at any of my posts, and I am certain that the moral force gained by the absence of such works very far exceeds any strength they could give in border war. There was a fort at Khanghur, which was occupied by a detachment of the 3rd Regiment Bombay Light Cavalry when the Scinde Irregular Horse came to the frontier ; but I had this fort pulled down and totally razed, with the happiest effect on the country. The post of Shadadpoor, Dost Ali, and Kumber, are not at present occupied ; but I purpose again placing detachments at the two first-named places, so soon as the necessary ari-angements regardmg water and lines shall have been sanctioned. The accompanying return shows the distance of the posts, strength of detach- ments, &c., and a reference to the map forwarded herewith will show the relative positions of the places. I should observe that the posts would have been placed nearer, but their position has necessarily been determined by that of the spots where water could be found. No policemen are now employed on frontier duties here. With regard to the instructions given to the frontier posts, something is left to the discretion of the Native officers in command. The standing orders are, to send patrols along the border road and to the northward daily ; to keep the Belooch guides constantly at work ; to send a party instantly in the direction in which an enemy may be indicated ; to report all occurrences to the posts on each side of them, and to cause the information to be rapidly forwarded to head- quarters ; to stop all armed men, not having passes signed by me, nor being sei-vants of Government, and to disarm them ; to be particularly attentive to all complaints of the country-folk, and to preserve the strictest discipline in their detachments. I have the honor, &c., To Sir H. M. Elliot, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Secretary to the Most Noble the Conunanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. Governor-General of India. 316 RECORDS OF THE rth August, 1850. CO Strength of Detachment Scinde Irreg^ular Beloochee "s Horse. Guides. Names. s Remarks. m t3 CO a TS rt CO ^ TS 5 s Q 1^ s 02 Kusmore 3 6 88 1 12 Koomree 18 1 2 29 „ 8 Kundkote 17 1 2 29 „ 8 Tungwaiiee 13 1 2 29 „ 8 Hassan ke Ghurree .... 14 2 4 58 1 14 Dil Morad 13 1 2 29 „ 8 Khanshiir 10 „ ^, „ Head Quarters, S. I. Horse. Rojaun 10 1 2 29 10 Khvree Ghurree 24 2 4 58 1 10 Shadadpoor 16 — — — — r These two posts are at pre- Dost A i . . . . . . 14 — ■ ^^ " \ sent unoccupied. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. 23rd August, 1850. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 3,661, of August, 18.50, to my addi'ess, with accompaniments. With reference to the subject thereof, I have the honor to report, that the silidaree system of the Scinde Irregular Horse is as follows : — On the raising of the 1st Regiment of Scinde Irregular Horse 200 men were transferred fi-om the Poona Horse to the new corps. The men so transfen-ed appeared to consider that they had a right to a sum of 500 rupees, neither more nor less, for each assamee they might choose to dispose of. This right appeared to have been recognised by commanding officers, and the assamees were con- stantly transferred at that price ; at the same time, there was hardly ever a real sale ; every man was deeply in debt to the Regimental Shroft" ; and the sum of 500 rupees, for an assamee, was merely transfeiTcd in the banker's books fi-om one name to another. On the raising of the Scinde Irregular Horse the new assamees were presented, of course, either to deserving men of those received from the Poona Horse, or to others newly enlisted. The silidars could assert no such claim for a guaranteed price, with regard to the new assamees, as they had prefeiTed with respect to those of the Poona Horse ; and, in consequence, the greatest confusion existed. There were three or four descriptions of assamees in the corps, such as original Poona assamees, pi-evented Poona assamees, new assamees presented, and new assamees purchased, all coming under different rules. The Commanding Officer attempted to remedy this gi-eat evil, by forming an assamee fiind. This fimd was formed by large monthly subscriptions from the silidars of the corps ; the prices of the horses were registered ; and, on the sale of an assamee, the difference between the price of the horse and 500 rupees was made good from the fund. This contrivance, which was an attempt to remedy one error by another, was found greatly to increase the evils of an already vicious system ; and, on my joining the Scinde Irregular Horse, nothing could have been more confused than the silidaree system in the regiment. Nothing was left to find its natural level, and, in spite of all guarantees and artificial supports, there was no confidence in the system, and the assamees were actually worth nothing ; while many of them were held by women, children, shroffs, and all manner of persons not in the regiment at all. Wherefore, thinking that it was manifestly impossible that a respectable military corps could exist under such arrangements, so soon as I had sufficiently mastered the subject to see my way clearly, I ordered that the Assamee Fund should be abolished, and the money repaid to the subscribers. I explained to the regiment that Government did not recognise the sale of assamees at all, but that SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 317 the piocecdinsj had been permitted, as a private arrangement among the siHdars, 23rd Aupist, isso. for their own convenience; that all differences between assaniees, however acquired, would immediately cease. That all assamees, held by persons not belonging to the corps, should be consi- dered vacant, on the death of the horses now representing them in the regiment. That whenever a silidar might be permitted to sell an assamee, the sale should be by public auction, for ready money only ; that no one should be allowed to bid, except bhargheers and silidars, not holding already more than two horses in the corps. No borrowing of money, in order to purchase, to be allowed. That under every circumstance, the assamees should be held onlv during good behaviour ; and that no sale or transfer should ever take place without tiie express permission of the Commandant first obtained. Finally, that the price of an assamee was just what it would fetch, whether 5 or 500 rupees. These rules have been strictly acted on in the Seinde Irregular Horse since 1842, and with the happiest results. The silidars were at first somewhat staillcd at the complete overthrow of all their accustomed habits and received ideas concerning silidar arrangements, and I was even told that the i-eady-money sales would be absolutely impossible ; but the arrangements had not long been in force before their benefit was apparent to all. The drain on the capital of the regiment by silidars not in the service, but by the interest paid to shroffs. Under the system of purchasing on credit being stopped, it was found that not only were ready-money purchases perfectly practicable, but the prices raj:)idly rose. Since I joined the Seinde In-egular Horse 1,100 assamees have been presented fi'ee to the men of the corps, each man on receiving his assamee paying 20 rupees donation to the Regimental Fund ; at the time of raising my second regiment, when 800 places w-ere given to the silidars, of course there was little or no selling of assamees, but soon aftei-wards they were sold for 600 to 700 rupees ; this is the price which they still fetch, and appears to be the rate to which they have settled down. With regard to the prices thus obtaining, it should be borne in mind that under the system in force in the Seinde Irregular Horse the price of an assamee must be wholly regulated by the pecuniaiy means of the poorer members of the corps, no one not in the regiment, and no silidar holding three or more horses, being allowed to purchase. As the silidar assamees had long been considered as here- ditary property, and liad been sold as parts of the estates of deceased men, I did not think it advisable suddenly to disturb the arrangement, especially while before the augmentation of the corps so large a proportion of the assamees had been purchased. ikit I am disposed to think that it would have been better had I done so at once ; and that in a coi"ps untrammelled by old customs, assamees should be vacated by the death of the silidar ; at the same time, if the deceased silidars left sons or brothers in the regiment being eligible persons, it would be well always, as a favour, to transfer the assamees of the deceased to them. In all these things consideration for the good of the sen'ice should be paramount. But experience couAances me that the permitting property in, and the sale of, assamees is necessary to the well being of a silidar corps. It gives the greatest security for the good conduct of the men, who are not likely to misbehave when they have embarked their whole property in the service. The right of property in the assamees gives a tone to the whole structure of a silidar corps, without which its greatest strength would be wanting. It is this which makes the best soldiers in India attach themselves to the semce, till they look on their regiment as their country, and their place in it as their estate. I should be fully understood, wliicli appears not to be the case fi-om the objections which accompany your letter, under reply, that it is assumed that Government does not recoifni/.e the right of property in the assamees any further than a private regimental arrangement, and that all purchases of assamees are made with a full knowledge of the tact that if the corps be disbanded to-morrow the siHdars have no claim on the State on account of any such purchases. Unless on a greatly increased rate of pay, it would not, I am of t)pinion, be practicable to raise a regiment, in which the sihdar had to commence by the 318 RECORDS OF THE 23r(i August, 1S50. piu'chase of his assamee, that is, if the purchase money amounted to anything like the value which the assamee would be worth soon after the complete formation of the corps. But the principles of political economy are as tiTie, as regards the sale of assamees, as of other things ; and if the new assamees were sold for what they would fetch, as in the Scinde Irregular Horse, their real value would at once be apparent. With an entirely new corps for general service, the value of the assamees would, at first, in my opinion, be almost nominal. I have not the smallest doubt but that the best proceeding on raising a regiment would be to give the assamees to the silidars free, and if they were afterwards allowed to sell them, it w^ould be by favour and permission of the com- manding officer. Even supposing that it were possible, which I do not believe it would be, to get respectable silidars to pay a round sum for their assamees on the first raising of a corps ; and that the money so paid was to be applied to the formation of a fund, for the purposes mentioned in the 9th paragraph of the paper attached to your letter, under reply ; I have a strong opinion that the arrangement would be abso- lutely ruinous to the regiment. It would, in fact, be re-introducing the state of affairs which was found so injurious in the Scinde IiTCgular Horse, and which was in that corps remedied with so much labour. Such a proceeding would tend to destroy the self-dependence which constitutes the silidar's peculiar strength. The less Government interferes with him the better, he should receive his pay, and be left to make his arrangements for performing his part of the contract, being compelled always to have man, horse, arms, &c., complete and ready for service ; no assistance being given, and no use accepted. On the whole, 1 have not the least doubt, after nine years' constant attention to the subject, but that the best system of silidar an-angements is, that Govern- ment should not recognize the sale of assamees at all ; but that their sale should be permitted at the discretion of commanding officer, as a private an-angement between the men of the regiment. That such sales should be bond fide, for ready money only ; and that only members of the corps should be allowed to purchase, or to hold assamees in the corps. I am of opinion, that it would have been much better if Government had never recognized even the distinction between bhargheer and silidar ; and if it were to refuse to do so now, a silidar corps should be mustered, and paid as so many suwars, &c. ; the horse being considered as part of the man, and command- ing officers being held strictly responsible that everything be kept in an efficient state ; all details being left to them to manage as they can. It is undoubtedly possible, that under a different system, with less left to the regiment, and more established by general i"ule and regulation, no silidar coi-ps would ever be in a veiy bad condition ; but it is certain that such a system would reduce all to a decent mediocrity ; the genius of the service would be changed, and a tame and listless spirit everywhere take the place of emulation and zeal of attachment to, and pride in the seivice. I have seen a good deal of silidar cavaliy, under each of these conditions ; and the opinions above expressed are founded as much on actual obsei-vation as on reflection. It will be perceived, that all that I have wTitten above refers solely to a silidar regiment, considered as a body of cavalry soldiers for general service, in any part of the world. At the same time, it is of course obvious to me that in embodying a corps, such as the Southern Mahratta In-egular Horse, many other circumstances besides miHtaiy efficiency must be taken into consideration. But on these matters I presume that my opinions are not required. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. To A. Malet, Esquire, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay. X SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 319 S I K , 1 fith September, 1 850 . I have the honor to inform j'ou that 1 have received, and laid hefbre the Most Noble the Governor-General, your two Icttei's dated the 17th ultimo, Nos. 133 and 134, with theu' several enclosures and a Map of Cutchee, regai'ding the arrangements made by you for guardins,- the frontier of Upper Scinde ; and, in reply, to convey to you the expression of His Lordship's thanks for the informa- tion you have given. The original documents and map will be sent hereafter, which accompanied ; your letters, under acknowledgment, are herewith rctiuned. I have the honor, &e., (Signed) H. xM. ELLIOT, To Major Jacob, Secretary to Government of India, with the Commanding Frontier of Ujjper Scinde. Governor-General. GENERAL ORDERS. Utl, October, lHr.O. The following General Orders, by the Honorable the President of the Council of India in Council, No. 133, dated Fort William, 1st March, 1850, is republished. Jemadar Khyratec Khan, of the 2nd Regiment Scinde Horse, is admitted to the Third Class of the " Order of Merit," for his brave and gallant conduct at the Battle of Goojerat, on the 21st Februaiy, 1849. Sir, I4th October, 1850. Under instructions from Army Head-Quarters, I am directed by the Brigadier- General commanding the Division, to transmit to you the annexed extract fron> a letter from the Secretary to Government, Military Department, under date the 21st ultimo, with accompaniment ; and to request you will have the goodness to favour His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief with any observations you may wish to offer in respect to the proposed introduction of the Bengal rule, therein contained, in the regiments of Irregular Cavalry, under the Bombay Presidency. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. KX'I'RACT fi'om a Letter fi-om the Secretaiy to Government, Militaiy Depart- Ji-st September, i850. ment, to the Adjutant-General of the Army, dated 21st September, 1850, No. 2,761. T am directed to acknowledge your letter. No. 850, dated 31st August last, with accompaniments, &c. 3rd. — His Lordship in Council desires me, on this occasion, to communicate the annexed extract of the rule obtaining under the Bengal Presidency, regarding the disposal of horses of the Irregular Cavalry, for which compensation may be granted on account of then- being pronounced unsemceable ; and to request His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief will favoin- Government with his opinion and advice as to the expechency of introducing the same under the Presidency. EXTRACT of the Rule obtaining under the Bengal Presidency. Article X., 71b .lunc, i849. page 204, 3rd Supplement Bengal Pay and Audit Code. Under instructions from Government, it is dii'cctcd that horses of Irregular Cavalry, pronounced to be unserviceable and for which conqjcnsation may be gi-anted, shall become the property of the State, and be made over to the nearest Commissariat officer, for sale on account of Government, as soon as the compen- sation shall have been received ; being first branded with the letter R, in like manner with condenmed horses of the Irrejirular branches of the service. Com- mandants of corps of Irregular Cavalry will he luld responsible for a strict 320 RECORDS OF THE 7tii June. 1849. obsei'vance of theii' instructions. Receipts for horses delivered for sale on account of Government are always to be gi'anted to commanding officers of regiments by the Commissariat officer. G. O. C. C, 7th June, 1849, page 363. (True extract.) (Signed) J. G. LUMSDEN, Secretary to Government. (True extract.) (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant- General of the Army. (True copv.) (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. 22nd October. ISfjO. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 690, of the 14th October, 1850, to my address, with accompaniments ; and, with reference to the subject thereof, to state that, in my opinion, the regulation in question is very faulty in principle, and altogether inapplicable to the Irregular Cavalry of the Bombay Army or to good Silidar Cavalry generally. To explain this it will be necessary to enter considerably into detail. The whole system of granting compensation to men of silidar coi-ps appears to me to be founded on false principles — to be most injurious to the service, by striking at the root of that which forms the peculiar strength and advantage of a silidar corps : namely, its entire independence of external aid — to be contrary to true economy, inasmuch as it entails a great and uncertain expense on the State, without an equivalent benefit resulting in increased efficiency — to open a door to fraud, and to cause the worst conducted corps, or the worst individual silidars, to be the most costly to Government. The regulations in force since 1849 with regard to compensation for horses of Irregular Cavalry dying of fatigue, &c., also involve another practice which appears to me to be fraught with the gi'eatest evil to the service. I allude to the assembling of Committees of Cavalry officers to ascertain the circumstances of the case, &c. Such a rule can only be understood by the Native soldiers as i implying that Government distrusted their Commandant, and thought it possible • that he might cheat the State, or allow others to do so. I can hardly imagine anything more calculated to destroy mutual respect and proper soldierly pride than such a proceeding. The rule has never been acted on in the Scinde IiTcgular Horse, and I trust that it never will be. My opinion of the evil- working of such arrangements — checks, as they are called — is neither vague nor theoretical. Let Government call for returns, showing the amount of compensation for horses drawn by regiments of Irregular Cavalry while serving on this frontier, in the Punjaub or in similar positions, receiving the same rate of pay as the Scinde Inegular Horse, under the operation of such checks, and compare it with the amount drawn by the Scinde Irregular Horse on the same account, while entirely free from any such intei'ference, during the last nine years of almost constant active service, including a share in several great battles, and the practical working of the two systems will at once be apparent. A return, showing the number of horses for which compensation has been received in the Scinde Irregular Horse since I have commanded the corps, is annexed. I have been informed that when the 6th Regiment Bengal Irregular Cavalry /^ was posted at Khanghur in 1844-45, it received compensation for about 500^. Another corps of Bengal Irregular Cavalry, when serving on this fi'ontier, had, when I visited its lines, three out of four horses suflfering from sore backs. The ' ^ horses were still worked in that state ; those dying or becoming unserviceable i •— yn^r^ being, of course, paid for by Government under the Committee system ;fer I [*--Ai>-i u OfigiiiHi.] S l^ffl^fT was this."!?* It was assuredly not owing to the superiority, or otherwise, of individuals, but clcai'ly because such a system makes men helpless, careless, improvident, and dishonest — in a word, unsoldier-like. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 321 As an illustration of this principle, I beg to mention what appears to nie 22nii October, I85n. exactly a case in point. When on sendee, in the year 1844-45, I found that more of our horses were laid up with sore backs than I thought riglit. The owners and riders of the horses had always plausil)lc and ready excuses to ofter ; nevertheless, it appeared to me that the evil could be stopjicd, and accordingly, I ordered that the bhargheer riding a horse becoming sore-backed should forfeit to the regimental fund at the rate of one rupee a month, and the silidar owning the horse two rupees, until the animal should be well again ; and that, meanwiiiie, the hoi'se should not be ridden, nor anything whatever be can-led on his back. This rule caused much dissatisfaction at first, especially among the senior Native officers, who, ha\dng a great number of horses, were usually the most careless silidars and suffered most. However, 1 was certain of ray gi'ound, and remained firm ; when in a very short time the advantage of the arrangement so mucii complained of became apparent to every man in the regiment ; the penalty became virtually a dead letter, for there was scarcely a sore back remaining, and now such a thing is almost unknown in the whole corps. There is no better method of malving a man take care of his horse than making him lose by the injury or death of the animal. My own opinion is tii'm, after mucli consideration of the subject, that all manner of compensation to men of Silidar Cavalry should be avoided as nmch as possible, as undoubtedly tending to injure their efficiency and make them helpless. Any increase of monthly pay which the men may receive will, up to certain amount, in proper hands, be attended by a more than proportional increase of efficiency ; but it is otherwise with occasional grants of compensation and such like ; this cannot be regularly calculated on, and the prudent and steady soldier does not depend on them ; while they tend to destroy honorable feeling, by enabling a rogue sometimes to obtain more than the honest man, and the owners of the worst horses to receive the most pay. With regard to compensation for horses, the only exceptions wliich I would make are in the case of horses actually killed in battle, di'owned, or lost when proceeding on duty by sea, and such like ; where it must be evident that no care or pi'ovidence on the part of the man could have prevented the loss, and that the condition and quality of the horse had nothing to do with the matter. Whatever may be the fair amount, on a liberal average, necessary to enable a silidar (free from debt, which ought not to be allowed) to maintain a serviceable horse, &c., it should be included in his monthly pay, which being sufficient for the purpose, he should be left to make his own arrangements, under the direction of his regimental commander ; but no excuse should ever be admitted for inefficiency, and no external assistance, under any but very extraordinary circumstances, should be either looked for or gianted. The system then of casting the horses of Silidars' Cavahy by Committee and Government paying for them, being shown not only to be enormously expensive to the State, but attended with positive evil to the service ; it appears unnecessary to discuss the question as to what is to become of the cast horses. However, my opinion is clear that such petty savings as the one in question, with regard to "the siUdar service, do harm, as tending to check a certain degree of liberality which is expected from, and which is essential to a good silidar, and to produce a feeling towards Government in the Native mind which it is most desirable to avoid. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major. Assistant Adjutant-General, S. D. A., Kurraehee. EXTRACT from General Orders, by the Right Honorable the Governor in cth November, isso. Council, Military Department. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council has much satisfaction in pub- lishing the following despatch from the Honorable the Coin-t of Directors, dated 18th September, ltt50, for the information of the army. We have the gratification of apprising you, that the Queen has been graciously pleased to ajjpoint Major John Jacob, of the Artillery, an Ordinary iMcmbcr of the Military Division of the 3rd Class, or Companion of the Most Honorable Oi'dcr of the Bath. 322 RECORDS OF THE 9th November, 1850. Sir, I have the honor to request that it may be pointed out to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief that much inconvenience results from the present construction of the Scinde Irregular Horse, as regards the non-commissioned staff. It is absolutely necessary that there should be a non-commissioned officer in each regiment, equivalent to the Sergeant-Major or Havildar-Major of the regular regiments, yet none is allowed ; while, at the same time, a Nakeeb, whose duty it is, I am told, to proclaim the titles of his Commanding Officer, is borne on the strength of each regiment. There are also no non-commissioned officers equivalent to Pay- Sergeants, whose want is also much felt, and whose place is imperfectly suppHed by the Wukkeels now allowed. None of these Wukkeels, or Nakeebs, are fighting- men ; and I beg leave to point out that a much more efficient and soldier-like arrangement might be made, with actually a trifle less cost to the State ; thus : — The present establishment for each Regiment is 8 Wukkeels, at 20 rupees each 160 1 Nakeeb 20 Total 180 Let this be abolished ; and, in place thereof, let there be allowed to each Regiment 8 Pay-Duffedars, at 45 rupees each, being extra to their pay as suwars, each 1 5 inapees 1 20 1 Kote Dufiedar Major, effective 55 Total 175 The necessity of a non-commissioned officer to pei'form the diity of Havildar- Major must, I presume, be evident to all regimental officers ; and the advantages of having soldiers in the ranks of a regiment as Pay DufFedars instead of Civil Purvoes seem hardly less obvious. The proposed change costs nothing, and will be unquestionably advantageous to the service ; wherefore I trust that His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief will think proper to cause it to be adopted. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Assistant Adjutant-Genei'al. Commanding Scinde Irregular Hoi'se. 8th December, 1850. Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 1,977, of the 3rd December, 1850, to my address, with accompaniments. With reference to the subject thereof, I feel certain that Government would never have caused the instructions to be issued, or the expressions to be made use of, which are contained in the letter from Mr. Goldsmid, which accompanies your letter under reply, had it been acquainted with the true circumstances of the case. It would appear from that letter that we have had no dealings with the Murree tribe since their proceedings with Major Brown in 1840 ; yet it is certain that, since the commencement of the year 1845, when the removal of the Doomkee and Jekranee tribes from Cutchee allowed the Murrees to range the plain country unchecked, the latter have been the worst plunderers in the country. It is these men who have laid waste the whole province of Cutchee. From Dadur to Kunda no one was safe from their attacks, which were generally accompanied by wanton murder and destraction, by fire and sword. It was against these men that the Khan of Kelat made earnest enti-eaty for assistance from the British Government ; and it was on account of his success over this robber tribe that I was directed to congratulate His Highness (vide Letter No. 880, of the 16th May, 1850, from the Commissioner in Scinde to Major Jacob). A principal Chief of the Murree tribe, paid by Moolraj to attack the British frontier, was, with 200 of his men, actively concerned in the outrageous attack on SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 323 Kusmorc, in April, 1849 ; and this attack on your most eastern post was merely sth December, isso. a blind for a more serious attemjjt to the westward ; some 1,500 Murrees haA'ing, at the same time, entered the plain country, in hostile array, via the Pharee river. By the gi'eatcst exertions and activity on the part of the troops on the fi'ontier, this formidable raid ended unprofitably and disgracefully to the attacking parties ; but, assuredly, this result was owing to no good faith or forbearance on the part of the MuiTces, whose chief (Sirdar Deen Mahomed) was, at the very time that his j)eople wci'e attacking Knsmorc, writing to me that he was my most obedient, humble servant, and the tirm friend of the British. Government may rest assured that I have not served among these lawless tribes for twelve vears without having acquired some knowledge of their habits, thoughts, feelings, and mode of reasoning ; and I beg leave, with the profoundest respect and deference to superior authority, to state that, in my opinion, the effect of sending such a message, and writing such a letter, in praise of their general good conduct — as Government now desires may be sent to the Murrec Chief — would be equivalent to informing them that the British Government had no objection to their resuming their marauding inroads into the plains of Cutchee, which the Govern- ment of Kelat has been able entirely to put a stop to since the Khan's expedition into tlie hills, cdiiefly owing to the belief that His Highness was countenanced and would be supported by the British Government. The Government actually congi-atulated the Khan of Kelat on his success over these very men, whose lawless proceedings in the territory of His Highness, for five years past, now it is thought proper to overlook, because, ten years ago, Doodah Murrce behaved with good faith towards Major Browai and his detach- ment ; but leaving out of the question the violent outrage committed by these MuiTces in the tcn'itoiy of a neighbouring friendly power. It is certain that it is alone owing to the good swords of the Scinde Irregular Horse that the Muiree tribe has not laid waste the border on the Scinde as well as on the Cutchee side of the desert. This is positively proved by theu- numerous assemblies for hostile purposes in this direction — by the active part taken by them in the raid of Kusmore — and by their daily proceedings in the Mooltan district, which, since the annexation of the Punjaub, has been British temtory. The people fi-oni Mitton Kote to Rojaun are loud in their complaints against these Murree and Boogtee plunderers, who, unable to carry on their predatory warfare with success on the Scinde frontier, appear to be marauding with more than usual vigour in that direction. That part of the country being beyond my range, I can, of course, do nothing to help the sufferers ; but it is well to bear in mind the fact that these robbers have not ceased to plunder in British temtoiy, though they be no longer heard of along the Scinde border. The duty of guarding this frontier is now reduced to a regular routine. Every- thing ajjpears so quiet and peaceable — there is such perfect protection for life and property — that it is difficult to imagine that the state of affairs which prevailed a few years ago could ever have existed. The business appears to proceed without the slightest effort or trouble to any one ; and there seems to be every probability that, in a few years, the deeds of the border robbers will be remembered only in songs and tiaditions. The entire prevention of the practice of private warfare is absolutely essential to this state of things. It can only be prevented by actively pursuing and severely punishing all who persist in practising it ; and it should be remembered that Murrees have no more right to make war than any other tribe in Scinde or Cutchee. In the instance of the six Murree robbers, whose capture has given rise to this coiTCspondcnce, the men, by their own confession, left their hills, and proceeded to plunder the Muzzarees, near Rojaun — British subjects in British territory. They were caught in arms within our border, in pursuance of this lawless inten- tion ; and to dismiss them with a letter to their chief in praise of their general good conduct — their tribe notoriously the worst robbers with which any country was ever cursed — appears to me to be a course Ukely to cause serious evil. The country is now peaceable, and the business of watch ward proceeds with the quiet regulai'ity of a machine ; but the most powerful machinery may be injured or broken by such a tritle as a pebble between the wheels — and such a pebble such a letter to the Murree Chief may prove to be. .\ 1 324 RECORDS OF THE 8tii December. 1850. Unclei' all the circuinstances of the case, if Government do not think proper to cause these men to be punished, I beg leave most respectfully to urge the propriety of their being handed over to His Highness the Khan of Kelat as criminals, his subjects, apprehended in arms with evil intent, within the British territory. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde. Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. 20th December, 1850. SiR, I have the honor to report that yesterday a party of MuiTce and Boogtee plunderers carried off a number of camels from the jungle, north of Gulbur, near Kundkote. The marauders were immediately pursued, and the camels recovered. One of our parties — pursuing the robbers too eagerly far into the hills — suffered some loss ; particulars will be reported hereafter. With this exception, nothing of importance has occuiTed on the fi-ontier under my command during the past week. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, To the Commissioner in Scinde, Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. Kurrachee. 25th December, 1850. SiR, On the 24th instant, a party of plundering horsemen carried off a number of camels, from the jungle between Kundkote and Tungwanee. Information of the robbery was speedily communicated to Jemadar Doorgah Singh, commanding the former post ; and that officer immediately proceeded, with a party of the Scinde Irregular Horse and some Kosah suwars, in pursuit of the robbers ; followed them for more than sixty miles far into the hills ; came upon a large party of the enemy when nearly all his own men, whose horses had failed them, were far behind ; and, with the most undaunted bravery, violently attacked the robbers with but three men in his company. The numbers outnumbered Doorgah Singh's little party by twenty to one, and were amongst hills and rocks where horses were almost useless ; led away by his headlong courage and unappalled by numbers, this gallant officer refused to retire, and with the two suwars who stood by him — by name Hatum Ali and Kumroodeen Khan — fell sword in hand in the midst of the enemy, of whom they killed a great number. One man, a Kosah suwar, by name Yar Mahomed, who accompanied Doorgah Singh, escaped alive, severely wounded. In the whole of this affair the zeal, courage, and determination of Jemadar Doorgah Singh have been worthy of the highest admiration ; and the Commanding Officer is deeply grieved at the loss of so brave an officer and so good a man. Doorgah Singh and his companions died Mke good soldiers, sword in hand against the enemy ; and they will always be remembered with respect by the officers and men of the Scinde Irregular Horse. At the same time, the Commanding Officer thinks it necessary to remind his officers that something more than fiery zeal and undaunted courage is necessary to success, and to point out certain errors committed by Doorgah Singh on this occasion. 1. — District information was not immediately sent from Kundkote to the posts on each side of it. 2. — The party from Kundkote proceeded from the first, starting at full gallop, so that long before the enemy was approached nearly all the horses of the party were disabled, while the more moderate speed of a trot would have taken them much further, in sei-viceable order. 3. — Wlien three or four men only remained able to proceed, the jemadar use- lessly persisted in following into hills in which horses could hardly move, and attacking about a hundred of the mountaineers. Thus, owing to the want of a little discretion to guide their daring courage, an excellent officer and two good soldiers have lost their lives, to the great injury of the regiment and grief of the Commanding Officer. SCIXDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 325 While tlie (letachinont from Kuiulkote was procecdini?, as mentioned above, i^tii December, isso. Russiildar Hyder Khan, coniuianding the post at Hassan kc (jhunce, acted as follows : — Immediately on information reaching him, that -Jemadar Doorgah Singh had moinited in pursuit of robbers, this excellent officer, after making every arrange- ment in his power about water and all else that might aid his movement, pro- ceeded with thirty men, in the best direction for enabling bim to intercept the enemy and support our own people ; and with such skill did be conduct his march, that notwithstanding the disttmce of his post and the speed with which the party proceeded from Kundkote, the Russuldar arrived near the spot where Doorgah Singh fell very shortly after his death, and in time to save the lives of the wounded and dismounted men, whom he brought back in safety. The Russuldar also recovered and brought back a number of the plundered camels. In this long and rapid march, Russuldar Hyder Khan ilid not even lose a single horse. He acted in every respect as a brave, determined, provident, and skilful officer, and the Commanding Officer is delighted to publish to the corps his sen.se of his merit ; under the conduct of such oflicers, the men of the Scinde Irregular Horse will always be successful. Bv order, (Signed) M. GREEN, Lieutenant, Adjutant Scinde In-cgular Horse. Sir, 2Gtli December, 1850. In continuation of my report of yesterday's date, I have the honor to state, that immediately on the information that camels had been carried off by plundering horsemen reaching the post of Kundkote, the officer in command of the detach- ment there, Jemadar Doorgah Singh, proceeded in pursuit, with a Duffi^dar and fifteen men of the Scinde Horse and four of the Beloocbee guides. This was about ten o'clock on the forenoon of the 24th. The Jemadar hav-ing found the tmcks of the robbers, followed them at a rapid gallop to Sunrce, near which place he came in sight of the marauders, about fifteen in number, who, abandoning the camels which they had picked on thus far, at speed continued their fiight.* [*.\s in Original.] The jemadar had now proceeded some thirty miles at a gallop, and at such speed that already seven horses of his party had fallen dead, be having himself ridden two horses to death ; but not contented with recovering the stolen camels, he now mounted a third horse, and determined to continue the pursuit ; accord- ingly he kept on with the remains of his party, till he had arrived far within the hills beyond Hyran ; the enemy now again appeared, with numbers augmented by a fresh party of horsemen and forty or fifty men on foot, while Jemadar Doorgah Singh had then with him but two suwars of the Scinde In-egular Horse and one of the Beloochee guides, the horses of all the rest ha\'ing failed long before. The guide entreated the Jemadar to give up the pursuit and return, as the enemy were verv numerous, while he had no men with him, and the gi'ound was such that even fresh horses could hardly move among the rocks and ra\-incs. Doorgah Singh replied, that if the guide was afraid he might retire ; but that for himself, ho should be ashamed to show his face to me if, after coming in sight of the lobbers, he should retire without killing some of them. He then with his two suwars, and followed by the Beloochee guide, went head- long at the enemy. The latter perceiving that their four assailants were entirely unsupported, surrounded them in overwhelming numbers, pulled the jemadar and his two suwars from their horses, and literally cut them in pieces, though not until they had killed or disabled some fifteen of the mountaineers. The Beloochee guide alone contrived to escape, veiy severely wounded (as also was his mare) and was, with the dismounted men and otiicrs of the party left behind by the jemadar, together with the recovered camels, brought back by parties from the other posts, who had also proceeded in pursuit of the robbers, and who not long after arrived in the neighbourhood. jemadar Doorgah Singh was a most excellent and very intelligent officer. I cannot account for the excessive and almost mad rashness displayed in his pro- ceedings on this occasion ; he was an old soldier, and had served seventeen years in the" 2nd Regiment Bombay Light Cavahy before his transfer to the Scinde 326 RECORDS OF THE 2Gth December, 1850. IiTegulav Horse ; he came to me very highly recommended by his commanding officer, and deserved even more than was said of him. His death is a serious loss to the service, and while lamenting the folly of his conduct on this occasion, I cannot help feeling the highest admiration of the invincible determination displayed by him in pursuit of the enemy^ and of the undaunted courage with which he and his two troopers attacked them at last. The mountaineers, chiefly Mun-ees, had assembled about the 19th instant in the Murrow valley in considerable numbers, for the purpose of making a predatoiy inroad on the Muzzarees about Rojaun ; hearing of this I proceeded with a squadron to Shavallee (about twelve miles N. N. E. of Kusmore); this movement on my pait caused the robbers to abandon their design, the assembly broken, and some of the moi'e adventurous spirits not liking to return empty handed, made the sudden dash at the camels in Boordeeka already described, which would have been, as usual, fi-ustrated without loss on our side, but for the excessive zeal of the officer at Kundkote. I have, &c.. To the Commissioner in Scinde, (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Kurrachee. Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. IStli January, 1851. SiR, In forwarding the enclosed copy of a letter from the Assistant Adjutant- General, I have the honor by direction to inform you that the Brigadier com- manding has nothing further to add than that he fully concurs in the sentiment of the Brigadier- General, and hopes that the men in future will not be so rash in following the enemy into their hills, thereby throwing away then- valuable hves. I have, &c., To Major Jacob, (Signed) H. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Commanding Frontier of Upper Scinde. Brigade-Major in Upper Scmde. 7th January, 1851. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. No. 362, of the 30th ultimo, forwarding a copy of one fi-om Major Jacob, C.B., commanding the Scinde Irregular Horse and the Fi-ontier, the original having been sent by you direct to Army Head-Quarters. I am directed by the Bi'igadier- General commanding to say, that he has heard with much regret the death of Jemadar Doorgah Singh and two troopers of the Scinde Horse, which occuiTcd under circumstances of gallantry always the acknowledged attribute of this highly distinguished corps. The devotion to the Government and to the honor of their regiment so signally dis])layed by these undaunted soldiers, is to the Brigadier-General a signal proof of the high state of efficiency and discipline to wliich the regiment to which they belonged have been brought by Major Jacob, and he therefore most deeply deplores the loss of these brave men in action with robbers, and overpowered by numbers. It is hardly the time, when lauding the conduct of the brave, to speak in terms of caution to others, who the Brigadier-General tirmly beheves would (as did Jemadar Doorgah Singh and his comrades) cast away their lives in the unflinching chscharge of then' duty, but he feels persuaded that his caution will not be mis- understood, when he rctpiests you to send to Major Jacob a copy of this letter, and du-ect him to make known to his regiments the above remarks, and in such terms as he may think the most fitting explain to them that General Manson holds the lives of the soldiers of the Scinde Horse as too valuable to be placed in competition with those of robbers, and that while I'epressing all acts of aggi'ession on our territory, the outposts and patrols should not follow these thieves into their very haunts, for he is convinced that by biding their time Major Jacob will make such arrangements as will effectually put down the im'oad of these freebooters, or render their visits to the open plains a matter of such serious danger to them- selves as will make them pause ere such are undertaken. I have, &c., To Biigadier Derinzy, K.H., (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Commanding in Upper Scinde. Assistant Adjutant-General. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 327 The Commanding Officer has much pleasure in publishing the following letter, 7th February, issi. received through the Adjutant- General, from His Excellency the Conmiander-in- Chief, Bombay : — Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letters, Nos. 5 and 6, 28th January, issi. of the 3rd and 4th instant, with enclosures also of Brigadier Dcrinzy's communi- cation of the 30th ultimo, transmitting Major Jacob's original report of the pursuit of a body of JNIuitcc and Brahooce plunderers by Jemadar Doorgah Singh, of the Scinde In-egular Horse, and fifteen men of that corps ; the recovery of the camels carried off, and subsequent following up of the marauders by the jemadar and two suwars, who overtook and attacked them, but were overpowered by numbers and killed in the conflict. The Commander-in-Chief, I am to state, has perused Major Jacob's report with feelings of the highest admiration at the devoted zeal and dauntless courage displayed by these excellent soldiers on the occasion ; and deeply regrets tlie loss the service has sustained by their deaths, especially that of Jemadar Doorgah Singh who, under the uncontrolled impulse of a noble desire to emulate the spirit of his commander and to do his duty, has fallen a sacrifice — together with his two brave suwars — to his too daring assault against overwhelnnng numbers. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) H. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Major of Brigade in Upper Scinde. To Brigadier-General A. Manson, C.B., Commanding in Scinde. Sir, 30th January, 1851. Adverting to my letter, No. 1 1 , of the 7th instant, 1 am directed by the Brigadier-General commanding the Division to annex copy of one fi-om the Adjutant-General of the Army, No. Ill, of the IStli January, expressing the sentiments of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief on the lamented death of Jemadar Doorgah Singh and two troopers of the Scinde Irregular Horse, who were slain by mountain robbers while in the gallant discharge of their duty. General Manson will feel obliged by your causing Major Jacob to be furnished with Lieutenant-Colonel Hancock's letter. I have the honor, &e., (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To the Brigadier Commanding in Assistant Adjutant-General. Upper Scinde, Shikarpoor. Sir 5th February, 1851. In forwarding copy of letters from the Assistant Adjutant-General, I have the honor, by direction, to inform you that the Brigadier commanding in Upjicr Scinde congratulates both you and the regiment on the high compliment paid by the Commander-in-Cliief ; and begs to join in the encomiums expressed by the Brigadier-General. I have the honor, &c., To Major Jacob, C.B., (Signed) H. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Commandmg Scinde IiTCgular Horse. Brigade-Major, Upper Scinde. Sir, lOth February, 1851. With reference to your letter of the 4th ultimo, I am directed by the Com- mander-in-Chief to transmit to you the enclosed extract from a communication from Secretary Lieutenant-Colonel Melvill, dated the 28th idem ; and to convey His Excellency's request that you will be pleased to furnish the information therein called for in respect to the flmiilies of the jemadar and two suwars of the Scinde In-egular Horse who were killed in their attack on the marauders referred X 3 \ 328 RECORDS OF THE loth February, 1851. to, and whether the Beloochee guide has recovered from the effects of his wounds, and what you consider would be an appropriate reward for his gallantry on the same occasion. I am, at the same time, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 44, dated the 18th ultimo, with accompanying application for pension to the infant suJi^.Tmtdi'n action ^°^ ^^ ^^^ dcccascd jemadar, which requires to be supported by the certificate on the' 24th December, prcscribcd iu Sectiou XII., Aiticle 242, Jameson's Code ; for which purpose the Roll is herewith returned. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Brigadier- General A. Manson, C.B., Adjutant-General of the Army. Commanding Scinde Division. 1850. (Signed) E. GREEN. 28th January, 1851. EXTRACT of a Letter from the Secretaiy to Government to the Adjutant- General of the Ai-my, dated 28th January, 1851, No. 297. His Lordship in Council requests that you will report if the jemadar and suwars have left families, for whom a pensionary provision from the State might, as a special case, be recommended. You will also be pleased to report if the Beloochee guide has recovered from the effect of his wounds, and what appropriate reward could be bestowed upon him for his gallantry in refusing to abandon the party, after he found his remonstrances against then* rashness unavailing. (True extract.) (Signed) J. HALE, Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Ai-my. (True copies.) (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. 2Cth February, 1851. SiR, I have the honor, by direction, to forward copy of a letter, No. 110, from the Assistant Adjutant-General, Scinde Division, and accompaniments, for your information and guidance. To Major Jacob, C.B., Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) H. HARVEY, Lieutenant, Major of Brigade. 24th February, 1851. SiR, With reference to your letter. No. 362, of the 30th December last, with accompaniment, I am directed by the Brigadier-General commanding the Division to transmit to you the annexed extract from a communication from Secretaiy Lieutenant-Colonel Melvill, dated 28th ultimo ; and to convey Brigadier-General Manson's request that you will be pleased to cause the information therein called for to be furnished by Major Jacob, C.B., commanding the Scinde In-egular Horse, in respect to the families of the jemadar and two suwars of that corps who were killed in then' attack on the marauders referred to ; and also whether the Beloochee guide has recovered from the effects of his wounds, and what Major Jacob considers would be an appropriate reward for the guide's gallantry on that occasion. I am, at the same time, desired to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 13, of the 13th ultimo, with accompaniments; and to return the enclosed roll herewith transmitted, for pension to the infant son of a suwar who was killed in action on the 24th of December last, which requires to be supported by the certificate prescribed in Section XLL, Article 242, of Jameson's Code. I beg you will forward this document to me, when completed, for retrans- mission to Army Head Quarters. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) E. GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Brigadier Derinzy, K.H., Assistant Adjutant- General. Commanding in Upper Scinde. I SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 329 Sir, Stli M;ircli, 1S51. I have the honor to ackuowleclge tlie receipt, tliis clay, of your letter of the 26th Fcbruaiy, 1851, with accompaniment; and with reference to the subject thereof to state that Jemadar Doortyah Singh has left a widow in Hindostan, who has been in con-espondence with me regarding a pension, and on whose account I am about to forward an application as soon as the necessary information shall have been furnished me. By the regulations the widow of a jemadar, killed in action, is entitled to a pension of rupees 13.13, Jameson's Code, page 687; and this amount of pension will, I think, be sufficient. Of the two suwars killed with the jemadar, one has left an mfant son, for pension by whom the accompanying application is forwarded ; the other has left a widow in Hindostan, who objects to applying for a pension, on account of her disinclination to appear in public. I beg leave to recommend that the heir of Suwar Kunn-oodeen Khan be allowed, as a special case, a pension of rupees 5 per mensem, instead of rupees 2.12, as allowed by the regulations. With regard to the Beloochee guide WuUee Mahomed, I have the honor to report that the man has recovered of his wounds ; but his arm will be perma- nently somewhat crippled, from the effects of the sword-cuts he received. I am of opinion that the most appropriate rewards for the man will be a present from Government — say of a sword, a pah- of pistols, a loongee for a turban, and 100 rupees in cash. This will, I think, be more satisfactoiy to all parties than the gi-ant of a pension ; and, if accompanied by a pension letter of commendation from Govern- ment, the present would be very highly valued, and have an excellent effect. I have the honor, &c., To the Major of Brigade in (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Upper Scinde, Shikai-poor. Commanding Scinde In-egular Horse. Sir, I have the honor to report that nothing of importance has occurred on the frontier under my command during the past week. At Koomree, on the 7th instant, when en route to Kusmore, on duty, I received intelligence of the MuiTce mountaineers havang again assembled in force, with the intention of making a raid into the plain country ; I therefore returned instantly to Khanghur, sending Lieutenant Merewether with a detachment to Kusmore, thinking it not impossible but that some hostile attempt might be made in that du'ection when the Murrees found that I was looking for them on this side. I have a squadron at Shahpoor, and purpose proceeding to that place myself to-night ; but I have no further news of the enemy to-day, save that they are still assembled in force, apparently not having yet decided in which direction to proceed. I have the honor, &c., To the Commissioner (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, In Scinde, Kuirachee, PoUtical Superintendent on the Frontier, Upper Scinde. 9th AprU, 1851. Sir, i5i1i \\m\. \^:a. Adverting to your letter. No. 201, of the 9th of November last, I am directed by the Brigadier-General commanding the Division, under instructions from Army Head Quarters, to transmit to you the enclosed transcript of one from the Secretary to Government Militaiy Department, under date the 21st ultimo, with copy of its accompaniment from the Secretary to the Government of India, inti- mating that the Honorable the President in Council of India sanctions the dis- charge of wukkeels and nakeebs of the regiments under your command, and the substitution of a pay-duffcdar to each troop upon the staff salary therein specified, but declines sanctioning the appointment of a Kote Duffedar-Major to each of the two regiments, as recommended by you. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant-General. X -1 330 RECORDS OF THE 21st March, 18r)l. SiR, I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 1,097, dated November last, with its enclosure, from the officer commanding the Scinde IiTegular Horse, suggesting cei'tain alterations in the construction of those regi- ments as regards the Non-Commissioned Staff ; and in reply to transmit, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the accompanying copy of a letter from the Secretary to the Government of India, No. 815, dated 28th ultimo. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) To the Adjutant-General of the Army. J. G. LUMSDEN, Secretary to Government. 28th February, 1851. SiR, Having laid before the Honorable the President in Council of India, in Council, your despatch, No. 21, of the 4th January last, relative to the present establishment of wukkeels and nakeebs with the two regiments of Scinde In-egular Horse, I am directed to state, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council, that in fui-therance of the desbe of the Supreme Govei'nment to assimilate the establishment of these corps to that of regiments of Irregular Cavalry under this Presidency, in which no such situation exists. His Honor in Council is of opinion that the wukkeels and nakeebs may be with advantage discharged ; and to conduct the duties connected with pay, &c. , a suwar of each troop may be appointed Paj'-Duffedar, upon a staff salary of six (6) rupees per mensem, the allowance gxanted in Bengal Irregular Cavahy Corps. 2. — With regard to Major Jacob's request, that a Kote Duffedar-Major may be appointed to each of the Scinde Irregular Horse, I am directed to state that no such individuals being borne on the rolls of IiTcgular Cavahy Corps in Bengal, the Honorable President in Council declines sanctioning such an innovation. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) R. WYLLIE, Major, Secretary to the General of India, in the MiUtary Department. (True copy.) (Signed) J. G. LUMSDEN, Secretaiy to Government. (True copies.) (Signed) HENRY HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant- General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant- General. 23rd April, 1851. GENERAL ORDER. With reference to article 43, section XXXI., page 439, of Jameson's Code, the Right Honoi'able the Governor in Council is pleased, under the authority of the Government of India, to declare that, from and after the 1st of June next, the staff appointments of nakeeb and wukkeels shall be abolished in both the regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse ; and that, in lieu of the wukkeels, a suwar of each troop be appointed Pay-Duffedar, upon a staff allowance of rupees (6) six per mensem, from the same date. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 331 Sir, 2O1I1 April, 1851. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 280, of the ir)th April, 1851, to my address, wnth accompaniments. With reference to the subject thereof, I have tlie honor to point out that the rate of pay proposed by Government to be allowed to i)ay-duti'cdais in the Scinde Irregular Horse is less than that of the ordinaiy dutfedars of the corps ; while the duties to be performed, and the qualifications rccjuircd, in the case of the former, as commanding officers, are necessarily nmcii higher than those apper- taining to the latter. The aiTangement, therefore, cannot be carried into effect without manifest inconvenience and much injury to the regiment in which it should be in- troduced. As the Supreme Government declines placing the non-commissioned officers of the Scinde Irregular Horse on the improved footing proposed by me, 1 have the honor to request that the establishment may not, at least, be made less effective than before ; and that it be allowed to remain as at i)resent. I have the honor, &c.. To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding Scinde Irregular Hoise. Sir, 27th April, 1S51. With reference to your letter, No. 280, dated 15th April, 1851, to my address, and to former correspondence on the same subject, it appears to me to be my duty to make another effort to obtain from Government the grant of the establishment which I know to be absolutely necessaiy to the well-being of the corps which I have the honor to command. The Supreme Government of India refuses my request to be allowed for each of my regiments a Russuldar Major, a Kote Duffedar Major, &c., because no such individuals are borne on the rolls of In-egular Cavalry Regiments in Bengal ; wherefore the Honorable President in Council declines sanctioning such an innovation. But the estabhshment which Government is now requested to recognise and to pay is no innovation ; it has virtually existed in the Scinde Irregular Horse since its first formation in the year 1839, before I received command of the coi-ps ; it exists in every regular regiment of the Army, and must exist, in some form or other, whether paid for and recognised by Government or not, in eveiy disciplined regiment, whether called m-egular or otherwise. If this establishment do not exist in the Irregular Cavalry of Bengal, the consequence necessarily follows that there is a corresponding defect in their discipline. When the Bengal Irregular Cavalry were stationed on this very fi-ontier, now guarded by the Scinde In-egular Horse, the whole country exhibited one scene of violence and bloodshed — of fear and disorder. There was no peace anywhere on the border, save where there was a void desert waste. The soldiers of the State — the IiTcgvdar Cavahy — were only seen shut up in forts, or flying from the enemy, on the one hand, or destroying their friends — the unresisting peasantry of the country — on the other. The notorious state of the frontier detachments, and the General Orders by the Governor of Scinde, of the 23rd June and 4th July, 1844, afford f\ill proof^of the former position. The latter is sufficiently shown by the pensions which Government is paying to some fifty or sixty of the survivors of those wretched people, who recovered from the wounds they received from the hands of the troops who should have protected them. The brigade at Shikaipoor was kept constantly on the alert, and, as I was informed by the General Officer in command, was in continual expectation of being attacked by the mountain robbers, who invaded the country at their pleasure. On the contrary, what was the state of affairs on the same frontier when guarded by the Scinde Irregular Horse, in the year 1842, during the awfully trying period of the Cabool disasters ? and what has been the state of affairs on this frontier since the Scinde Irregular Horse again became the border tbrce, in January, 1847 ? 332 RECORDS OF THE j27th April, 1851. On the former occasion, the poor people of the countiy looked on the men of the Scinde Irregular Horse as theu* friends and protectors, and aided them in every way in their power. There were many shai-p encounters with the enemy, in which the men of the Scinde Irregular Horse were invariably successful ; and the general result of the proceedings is shown in the letter from the Political Agent in Scinde and Beloochistan ; a copy of which is herewith annexed. On the second occasion, the results of similar conduct have been even more valuable ; plunder, rapine and disorder, which existed to a feai-ful extent wherever there were inhabitants along this frontier, have entirely ceased ; hostile inroads into the British ten-itory, formerly so common and so formidable, are entii-ely unknown ; peace, quiet, industry and plenty, with full protection for life and property, every- where prevail ; towns, villages, and green fields are gradually taking the place of a frightful wilderness. The people, who are fast returning to the country, are contented and happy, well-disposed towards, and confident in the Government. The change produced for the better is so great as to be almost incredible by those who have not seen it. It has been produced by nothing but the discipline of the Scinde Ii-regular Horse. To produce and maintain this discipline has been my constant study and unceasing labom' since Government did me the honor to entrust me with the com- mand of the corps, in the year 1 84 1 . I have never been absent a day from my duty ; I have never swerved from my purpose for one moment, but have endeavoured to the utmost of my abiUty, in spite of all prejudices, to make the Scinde Irregular Horse efiicient for all manner of service in any part of the world, and against any enemy ; to develope the powers of the Native soldiers of India ; to do justice to those powers, and render them fully available for the successful performance of any duty which might be entrusted to the men of the coi-ps ; to attach those men to the service and to the Government by their pride in their profession, until their feelings and affections became warmly excited in favour of good order and military discipline, so that little coercion be necessary ; for example, there has never yet been a Court- Martial in the Scinde IiTCgular Horse. I have laboured at this task for ten years past. How far I have succeeded is known to the Commander-in-Chief and to the Government of Bombay. Sir Charles Napier and Sir Willoughby Cotton have both recorded, in General Orders, that I have brought the Scinde In-egular Horse " to perfection." It is certain that the words of the historian, Macaulay, are as truly applicable hitherto to the men of the Scinde In-egular Horse as they are to the Ironsides of Cromwell, the earliest silidar coi-ps on record. In the mountains and plains of Cutchee, in Scinde, in the desert, or in the Punjaub, the men of the Scinde IiTcgular Horse, often suiTounded with difiiculties, sometimes contending against tenfold odds, not only have never failed to conquer, but have never failed to destroy and break in pieces whatever force was opposed to them. Tliis came, at length, to regard the day of battle as a day of certain triumph, and marched against the most renowned soldiers of Asia with disdainful confidence. This spirit, which they have hitherto invariably shown, whether under the personal command of their European or of their Native officers, without a single European present, together with their orderly and regular conduct in quarters, has been pro- duced by their discipline alone. This discipline is not dependant on one man ; it has little or no reference to individuals ; it depends on a regular and proper system being introduced and maintained in the corps. As conducing towards the introduction and maintenance of such a discipline among our Native troops, such an establishment as is appUed for by me is neces- saiy. The duty cannot go on properly without it. I beg leave most respectfully to submit, that ten years' hard labour, unremitting study of, and close attention to, these matters, resulting in invariable success, whether myself present or not — and rewarded, I am proud to say, with high praise from all my superiors — entitle me to be heard on this subject ; and will, I trust, be sufficient to acquit me of presumption in again urging my request that the slight alterations requu-ed to complete the establishment of the Scinde Irregular Horse on a proper, sound, and soldier-like footing may be granted. Government may rest assured that the State will be richly repaid for whatever extm expense may be caused by the grant of the establishment appUed for, even if it be granted to all the In-egular Cavalry Regiments in India. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 333 The Supreme Government does not, probably, know what the Scinde Irregular 27th April, i85i. Horse is, nor how impossible it would be, as has been proved on trial, for a really In-egular Force to keep the order now preserved on this frontier, and to maintain the discipline which hitherto has been our pi-ide in every situation. But the General who commands the Di\'ision, the Commander-in-Chief of the Bombay Ai-my, and I trust also, the Government of Bombay, are well aware of the truth of what I have set forth. I beg leave, therefore, earnestly to solicit their cordial support and assistance in obtaining for each of the two regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse the establishment which, as must be apparent to every regimental officer of experience in the Bombay Army, is so necessary to a healthy state of discipline. THE ESTABLISHMENT IS ADDITIONAL :— Rupees. Rupees. Rupees. One Russuldar Major. 250 55 15 250 55 120 One Kote Duffeilar Major Eight Pay Duffedars (Staff Pay) Total 425 Deduct not required, if the above Establishment be granted : — One Nakeeb 20 20 20 160 Eight Wukkeels ... . Total Deduct 180 Total Extra Cost . . 245 To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) Assistant Adjutant-General. JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Hor.se. Sir, I beg that I may be excused in submitting, for the perusal of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the accompanying letter from Major Jacob, C. B., Commanding the Scinde Horse, No. 5(3, of the 27th ultimo, being aware that the subject of it has already been referred for the notice of the Supreme Government and refiised. My motives for doing so are purely fi'om the belief that what Major Jacob so earnestly asks for is entirely for the good of the service and the distinguished regiments which he commands with so much zeal, and has brought to so admirable perfection. Ha\ang seen these regiments and being aware that, since the Scinde Horse were raised, they have never drawn their swords except in victory, I cannot but express hope that His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief will read witii favour- able attention Major Jacob's letter, and also the following remarks which I have to offer on it. In every i-egiment of Bombay Cavalrj'^ and Infantiy, and Battalion of Artillery, the appointments of a Subadar Major and Havildar Major are sanctioned ; the one being the connecting link between the Commanding Officer and the rest of the Native Officers of the Regiment, and the only attainable rank and distinctive remuneration appointment which is held out as a reward for the distinguished and well-conducted Native officer, since the abolislimcnt of the Killadarship ; the other being the effective staff of the Adjutant of the Regiment, and holding the responsible situation of detaihng for command, outpost duty, escorts, &c., the roster of the whole of the Native commissioned and non-commissioned officers of the regiments, and answerable also that the roster of the men for similar duties, and non-commissioned officers and men for daily guards, is regularly and equitably 6tli May, 1851. 334 RECORDS OF THE 6th May, 1851. kept by the pay orderlies of companies, who are equivalent to the Kote Duifedars in the Scinde Horse, whose appointment Major Jacob has also before so earnestly solicited. Major Jacob shows in his letter that the desired an-angement will cost the Government only rupees (245) two hundred and forty-five per mensem ; this including the appointment of a Russuldar Major — a fit and most proper rank to be disposed of to some well-desendng Russuldar of these regiments, which are serving in a country so distasteful to all ranks. The Scinde Horse have now been on the frontier since January, 1847 ; and though Major Jacob has made at Khanghur an oasi in the desert all around, it is but a desert still ; and I feel con- vinced that nothing but the name of the Commander, and the high character the Scinde Horse bears throughout Upper India, would induce men of good character to enter the regiments, when service can be obtained in favoui'able stations in the Punjaub, and among the Bengal Irregular Cavalry Corps near to their own houses. To understand correctly the work performed by Major Jacob and the officers and men of the Scinde Irregular Horse, it is essentially necessary to be intimately acquainted with the peculiar routine and complete aiTangement which exists at Khanghur, and which it would too much intrude upon the valuable time of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief for me fully to enter into — the constant vigilance to be exercised, the unending patrolling between the posts of a frontier extending from Kumber, near Larkhana, to Kusmore on the Indus, required to be kept up, is hard work indeed ; while it is an acknowledged fact that these harassing duties, calling for so much energy, are more particularly necessary in the hot season, when none but robbers dare the fearful heat of Cutchee. I am, therefore, emboldened to ask for His Excellency's strong recommendation that the connecting link in the chain of discipline between the Commanding Officer and the Native Officers of the Scinde Horse may be accorded to this fine Cavalry. To all them Irregular is a misnomer ; for they are, in every respect, perfect regiments of Cavalry — highly disciplined, perfect in uniform and appointments ; and, fi'om the orderly-room to the line of battle, their performances have proved that they are second to none. Again, without the assistance of a Kote Duff'edar Major, I cannot understand how the interior economy of the regiments can be properly carried on as it is now, though by unpaid men ; for assuredly the duty must be performed by some responsible non-commissioned officer, or the roster of the regiment will be badly kept, and indiscipline occur. Be they sepoys or suwars, they well under- stand when their tour of duty should come ; and the Kote Duftedar Major is required as check upon the roster of the Kote Duffedar, to prevent disputes, collusions, and favouritisms, which may and do occur between the orderly havildars and the men of our Regular Regiments of Cavalry, Infantry, and Ai'tilleiy. Such an appointment must be held by a superior well-conducted non- commissioned officer, whether paid or not ; and His Excellency can well decide if it would be advisable, for the sake of rupees 245 per mensem, to weaken the discipline of Major Jacob's fine regiments, when I hope I have shown that duty can hardly be carried on without a Head Native Officer and a Duffedar Major with due efficiency and advantage to the sei-vice. It would not become me to draw any invidious distinction between the regi- ments of Scinde Horse and other regiments of Irregular Cavalry in India ; but I am informed that when Colonel the Honorable Sir Henry Dundas, K.C.B., reviewed the Scinde Horse at Khanghur, in 1848, he was heard to declare that he had seen many worse parades of the Household Cavalry on Hounslow Heath. I believe that no officers of any army have ever paid such attention to their regiments as is shown, by their efficient state, to have been lavished upon the Scinde Horse by Major Jacob and the officers under his command ; and I there- fore think this further application merits especial attention, coming, as it does, from one so capable of judging of what is really requisite to perfect the system of discipline he has, with such excellent effect, introduced in the Scinde Horse. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) A. MANSON, Brigadier-General, Commanding Scinde Division. To the Adjutant-Genei'al of the Army. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 335 Sir, GtliSIay, ISJl. The names of the officers of the Scinde In-egular Horse, mentioned in the Lieut. Mercwether. margin, who were examined by a Committee at Shikaii^oor, on the 24th February I coiiier™" la«t, not having appeared in General Orders as ha^dng passed in the Hindoostanee ■ m. Green, language, I have the honor to request that it may be represented to His Excel- lency the Commander-in-Chief, and to Government, that whatever opinion the Examination Committee in Bombay may have formed from the papers transmitted to it, these officers of the Scinde Irregular Horse are in eveiT way highly qualified for the appointments which they hold. Their knowledge of the Hindoostanee language is, for practical purposes, far superior to that of most past interpreters ; and I am morally certain that, had my lieutenants been personally examined by a Committee at the Presidency, they would have passed with the greatest credit. The officers have been in the habit of interpreting and translating all my orders and written connnunications which, in a corps disposed in so many detachments as is the Scinde Irregular Horse, are very numerous, for many years past, in the best possible style ; and it appears contrary to reason and common sense now to question the qualifications of my officers, who have — one of them for more than seven years, and others for five yeai's past — given almost daily the best practical proof of their high efficiency in this, as in every other respect. The whole of my lieutenants have a knowledge of the Hindoostanee language more than amply sufficient for the proper performance of their duty. Their qualifications, in other respects, are of the very highest order. The names of Lieutenants Merewether and Henry Green are not unknown to fame. The services of the former, on this frontier, have been signal and important, vide " Government Gazette Extraordinary," 28th October, 1847. They have deserved, and have met with, liigh praise and thanks from their immediate superiors, fi'om His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, and from Government. They have been of more value to the State than would be the philological attain- ments of a college of Unguists. Again, in the late Punjaub War, the conduct of Lieutenants Merewether and Green was admirable, and their sendees were great and briUiant. Lieutenant Collier has also seen much hard sei^ice, in which he was distin- guished for his zeal, intrepidity, and intelligence ; and in the course of which he was most severely wounded. Lieutenant Malcolm Green has been my Adjutant for more than a year past, to my entu-e satisfaction. The whole of these officers have, on eveiy occasion, performed their duty in the most exemphuy manner ; they have, on every possible occasion, attbrded their Commanding Officer the most cordial, able, and efficient support and assistance. 1 have never had reason to find the slightest fault with one of them. They have put their whole heart and soul to their work, and always exerted their best energies in the furtherance of the public seiTice. It is owing to their example and cheerful alacrity ; to their unremitting and zealous duty, in perhaps the most trying climate and most disagreeable country in the world, that the Scinde Irregular Horse has become what it now is, and that peace and (juict, plenty and content, are so hapi)ily established on this frontier. With most profound respect and deference to supeiior authority, I beg leave to submit that after such honorable exertions, attended with such results, now to (|uestion the attainments of such officers, and to hold them liable to be removed as uncjualificd, from the appointments in wliich their sen-ices are and have been so important and valuable, would be both unjust and unreasonable, equally unfair to them and to their Commanding Officer, and in the highest degree impolitic and injurious to the public sen^ee. It would, doubtless, be perfectly fair and just to make the nomination of officers to any appointment conditional, on whatever (|ualifications Government might think necessary and right ; but when officers iuive been appointed without any such conditions expressed or implied, and have for a long course of years per- formed the duties of their posts, not only ctHciently and to the satisfaction of their immediate superior, but with the mo.st brilliantly successful results, so that they have earned and have received the highest praises from the iiighest authorities ; and their reputation has, by their honest exertions in the service of Government, even now become European. Under these circumstances, it is, I most respectftiUy submit, contrary both to reason and to justice, to propose to 336 RECORDS OF THE GthMay, 1851. displacc them, because it is supposed that they have not a critical knowledge of the Hindoostanee language. Their hard and highly valuable labours on this desert, under the burning sun of Scinde, and their experience thereby obtained, may well balance any acquirements attainable in the school-room by the light of the midnight lamp. I have, therefore, the honor most respectfully, but earnestly, to solicit the favour of the officers now holding appointments in the Scinde Irregular Horse being specially excepted from the operation of the orders regarding any further passing in the Hindoostanee language, of which I solemnly affirm that they have at present a competent knowledge. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major. Assistant Adjutant-General. 12th May, 1851. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 341, of the 5th May, to my address, with accompaniments. By the extracts of letters from Government, annexed to your letter under reply, I perceive that I am directed to correspond with Mr. Ogilvy, the Resident at Satara, regarding the subject in question ; but as your letter desires me to furnish you with the required information, I have the honor to forward the accompanying copy of a letter to Government on the subject of assamees of Silidar Cavalry, as also an abstract of the rules acted on in the Regiments of Scinde Irregular Horse. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Assistant Adjutant- General. Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. RULES regarding Assamees founded on the Practice in force in the Scinde Irregular Horse. nth May, 1851. On the first formation of a new corps the assamees should be presented to deserving men, according to the discretion of the Commanding Officer ; no man not a member of the corps should on any pretence be allowx'd to hold a horse in the regiment, nor to have any sort of right or claim to " Bulchut," or any thing else regarding the assamee. If a fund be maintained in the regiment, a man on being presented with an assamee might pay a moderate donation to it ; in the Scinde Irregular Horse he pays 25 rupees. Assamees are to be considered as being held during good behavaour only, and liable to be forfeited for misconduct on the part of the silidar, at the discretion of the commandants, whose judgment in these matters must be absolute and final. The misconduct which renders a silidar liable to forfeit his assamee includes, of course, wilfully neglecting to maintain a proper horse, properly kept and provided with every thing required for the efficient performance of duty. Assamees should be transferable property, and be allowed to be sold, always with the express per- mission of the Commanding Officer first obtained in each individual instance ; such sales to take place by public auction for ready cash only, not even one day's credit should be allowed. No boiTowing of money for the sake of purchasing horses in the regiments should ever be allowed. This rule should be fully explained to all shroffs, shop- keepers, and others about the regiment ; and if these persons choose, afterwards, to break this rule and to lend money on the security of, or for the purchase of, assamees, they should not be allowed to recover from the silidar. This rule is not intended to prevent members of a family assisting each other in buying a horse and assamee ; but, in all cases, it should be fully understood that no man has any claim whatever on a horse in the regiment, save the silidar in whose name the animal is entered. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 337 On the death of a siUdar, his horse and assamee should be sold by auction, iithMay, issi. as a part of the estate, except in case of his heir being a silidar in the regiment, in which case the horse may, at the discretion of the Commandant, be transferred to his name. No man under the rank of Native officer should be allowed to hold more than three horses in the regiment : — A Russuldar might be allowed to hold 6 A Russaidar ,, ,, 5 Other Native Officers ,, ,, 4 but circumstances may make it advisable to relax this rule, and this should be entirely discretionary with the Commandant. (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. ^ 1 Sir, 22ndSeptember,1851. With reference to your letter. No. 60, of the 6th May last, I am directed by General Manson, C.B., under instructions from Army Head Quarters, to transmit to you the enclosed transcript of a communication from the Military Secretary to Government, under date the 28th ultimo, with copy of its accompaniments, conveying the decision of the Governor-General of India on your application, that the officers of the regiments under your command, who failed to pass the prescribed examination in Hindoostanee, may be specially exempted from the operation of the Government General Order, No. 487, of the 19th July, 1850. Your attention is called to the concluding part of the 2nd paragi-aph of Lieutenant-Colonel Melvill's letter, above adverted to. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, To Major Jacob, C.B., Assistant Adjutant- General. Commanding Scinde Horse, Khanghui-. Sir, 28tli .\ugust, 1851. I am dii-ected to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, No. 524, dated the 28th May last, with its accompaniments from Major Jacob, soliciting that the officers of the Scinde In-egular Horse who failed to pass the prescribed examination in Hindoostanee in Februarv last may be specially exempted from the operation of the General Order, No. 487, of the 19th July, 1850. 2. — For the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, I am to comnmnicate the accompanying copy of a letter from the Secretaiy to the Government of India with the Governor-General, No. 35, dated 8th instant ; and to request that His Excellency will be pleased to cause the sentiments of the Most Noble the Governor-General of India to be conveyed to Major Jacob, expressing, at the same time, the extreme regret of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council that the conduct of an officer so distinguished should have called forth so grave a censm-e. 3. — The officers of the Scinde Horse must follow the same iiile as others ; and no exemption will be permitted from the operation of the orders of the l!)th July, 1850, in their favour. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, To the Adjutant-General. Secretaiy to Government. Sir, 8tli August, 1831. I am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch, No. 1,830, dated 5th instant, requesting the issue of instructions u])on a request, submitted by tlie Commander-in-Chief, that the officers of the Scinde Horse should be exempted from the oj)eration of the General Order which remanded all officers to their regiments who had not passed the prescribed examination within six months, and r 338 RECORDS OF THE 8th August. 1851. which was issued in obedience to directions fi'om the Honorable Court of Du-ectors ; and further soHciting instructions on several questions of a general character connected with the same subject, and previously refeiTcd. 2. — On the general questions, above mentioned, the Governor-General has been in communication with the President in Council, and cannot reply to them until he is more ftiUy informed than at present. 3. — To the request that the officers of the Scinde Horse may be exempted fi-om the operation of the General Order, and may not be remanded to their corps, even although they have failed to pass the prescribed examination. His Lordship is of opinion that the proposal to except these officers fi'om rules to which their comrades are subjected is quite uncalled for and inadmissible. 4. — The merits of the officers of the Scinde Horse are well known. Their ser- vices are so really meritorious in themselves, that the Governor-General regi'ets to see them in danger of being damaged by the inflated tone in which their Com- manding Officer has thought tit to proclaim them. But praiseworthy as they are, and praised as they have been, there are scores of officers throughout India every wdiit as able, as energetic, as gallant, and as useful as these gentlemen have been. But no exception has been admitted in favour of any of these who have not passed the examination required, and His Loi'dship can permit none in favour of the officers of the Scinde Horse, they having equally failed to meet the test applied. It does not clearly appear to the Governor-General whether they have met the test required by the Court or not. In 1830, the Court of Directors, observing upon the in-egularities that had taken place in appointing officers to detached employment who had not passed the test in Native languages requii-ed in General Order, dated 7th January, 1837, directed that all officers so appointed failing to qualify for Staff" employment, agreeable to the regulation, within six months, should be remanded to their respective coi'ps. These orders have been obeyed in the Presidency of Bengal. The officers of the Scinde In-egular Horse appear to have failed in passing the examination for " Interpreters." The rule in this Presidency does not requii'e, as a qualification for Staff" employ, that officers should pass as Inteq^reters, but that they should pass another examination of lower standard. The Governor-General is, therefore, unable to conclude whether the officers of the Scinde Horse have passed the prescribed examination or not. The question, however, is very simple. The Couit of Du-ectors ordered, last year, that every officer w^io failed to qualify for Staff employment, agreeable to the regulations, should be remanded to his corps. Have the officers of the Scinde Horse qualified themselves for Staff employ- ment, agi'eeably to the regulations in the Presidency of Bombay ? If they have not, the orders of the Court of Directors have been ah-eady issued that they should be remanded to their corps. 6. — The question of the alleged inequality of the standard of proficiency in the knowledge of Native languages, as established in Bengal, Madras, and Bombay, is separate, and will be entered upon w^th the Government of Bombay as soon as liis Lordship is in a condition to do so. Before closing the despatch, I am du-ected to remark on the tenor and tone of the letter addressed by Major Jacob to the Adjutant-General of the Bombay Army. This officer, not content with pleading the cause of his subordinates, has thought proper to state his opinion that, as they proved themselves to his satis- faction to possess a practical knowledge of Hindoostanee, to require them now to comply with a test, as ordered by his and their superiors, the Court of Direc- tors, appears " contrary to reason and common sense." He observes, that those _ officers have been of more value to the State than would be the philological attainments of a college of linguists ; and he has presumed to pronounce that, " after such honorable exertion, attended with such results, now to question the attainments of such officers, and to hold them liable to be removed as unqualified from the appointments in which their services are and have been so important and so valuable, would be both unjust and unreasonable ; equally unfair to them SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 339 and their Commaiiding Officer, and in the highest degree inipoHtic and injurious sth August. i8.'.i. to the public service." 8. — The Governor-General cannot doubt that the Government of Bombay has already expressed to Major Jacob its sense of the unbecoming terms in which he has pres\nned to discuss the ordere of the highest authority, the Court of Directors. Eveiy officer has a full right to represent such things as he desires, in a titting manner and becoming terms. But His Lordship will jiermit no one in these services to comment upon, and to controvert, the orders of his superiors, as Major Jacob has done, in language which closely approaches to actual contempt, and which, at all events, is utterly incompatible with that respect and deference to superior authoritv which Major Jacob professes. 9. — The Governor-General requests that the Government of Bombay will con- vey to Major Jacob these expressions of His Lordship's marked dissatisfaction and censure. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) J. STEWART, Colonel, Secretary to Government of India, Military Department, with the Governor-General. (True copy.) (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. (True copies.) (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant -General. s Sir, 24tliSeptombor, 1851. In acknowledging the receipt of your letter, No. 56, of the 27th April last, I am directed by the Brigadier- General commanding the Division to transmit to vou the enclosed transcript of one fi-om Secretary Lieutenant-Colonel Mclvill, under date the 5th instant, with copy of its accompaniment, intimating that the Government of India declines complying with your renewed application for certain Staff appointments to be added to the establishment of the regiments under your command, and which has akeady been refused ; and conveying the sentiments of the Most Noble the Governor-General on the subject. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel. To Major Jacob, Commanding Scinde Irregular Horse. Sir, With reference to your letter, dated the 5th of June last, No. 549, I am directed by the Right Honorable the Governor in Council to transmit to you, for the information of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, the accompanying Extract, paragraphs 1 and 11, of a letter from the Secretary to the Govermnent of India with the Most Noble the Governor-General of India, dated the 14tii ultimo, and to request that, under His Excellency's ordci's, the Governor-General's sentiments may be made known to Major Jacob. I have the honor, &c., (Signed) P. M. MELMLL, Lieutenant-Colonel, To the Adjutant-General. Secretary to Government. Y I ■>th Septombi-r. 1S.')1. r 340 RECORDS OF THE uth August, 1851. EXTRACT Paragraphs 1 and 1 1 of a Letter from the Secretary to the Government of India with the Most Noble the Governor-General, dated the 14th August, 1851, No. 75:— Par. 1 . — I am directed to acquaint you, for the information of the Right Honorable the Governor in Council of Bombay, that the Honorable the President of the Council of India has fonvarded for submission to the Most Noble the Governor-General of India, your despatch, No. 1,774, of the 29th June last, relative to a renewed application from Major Jacob, Commandant of the Scinde In-egular Horse, for certain Staff which have already been refused by the President in Council, as unnecessaiy. 2. — It was previously decided that pay-dufFedars should be allowed in lieu of wukkeels and nakeeb. This order does not appear to have been caiTied into effect. 3. — ^The office of Russuldar-Maj or and Kote Duffedar-Major were not considered to be necessaiy, and were refused. Nevertheless, Major Jacob has repeated his application, and he is supported in it by the Commander-in-Chief and by the Government of Bombay. 4. — I am desired to state, for the information of His Loi'dship in Council, that the subject was carefully considered when first submitted to the President in Council. To the Governor- General there appears no sufficient ground for re-submitting the application to His Honor, and none whatever for altering the decision then formed. 5. — The Governor-General requests that the Government of Bombay will intimate to Major Jacob that the eight pay-duftedars have been sanctioned, and that the nakeeb and wukkeels will be discontinued, and that His Lordship in Council will be so good as to see that these orders are obeyed at once. 6. — The Governor-General further requests that the Government of Bombay will acquaint Major Jacob that the Supreme Government considers the appoint- ments of Russuldar-Major and Kote Duffedar-Major to be unnecessary, and desires that this decision may be considered final. 7. — The Governor- General of India would have been glad to have been able to restrict his remarks on the correspondence to the intimation of the above decision. 8. — A very short time has elapsed since His Lordship had occasion to notice with displeasure the tone and tenor of the official letters of Major Jacob, which were submitted to the Supreme Government. 9. — The letter now under notice gives to His Lordship just cause for greater displeasure and severe censure. 10. — Major Jacob on this, as on the former occasion, has thought it necessary to strengthen his application by loud praises of the corps he has commanded. 1 1 . — The efficiency and the useftil services of the Scinde In-egular Horse are so correctly and so fully appreciated by the Supreme Government, that it is painful to the Government to see them thus damaged by bombastic eulogy, revolting ahke to judgment and taste. (Time extract.) (Signed) P. M. MELVILL, Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary to Government. (True copies.) (Signed) H. HANCOCK, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant General of the Army. (True copies.) (Signed) EDWARD GREEN, Lieutenant-Colonel, Assistant Adjutant- General. 1st October, 1851. SiR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letters, No. 748, of the 22nd, and No. 761, of the 24th September, 1851, to my address, with accompani- ments, and with reference to their subjects, beg leave to express my gratitude to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief and the Government of Bombay for the support which I have received in the matters in question. SCINDE IRREGULAR HORSE. 341 I am certain that tlicy will do iiic the justice to believe that 1 had not a thought 1st Octobor, ih5i. of self in anything which I have wiitten on these matters ; on public grounds alone I thought it my duty to endeavour to obtain what appeared to me to be but justice for the otficers and men under my command. I had not the slightest intention of ofiisnding, but conscious of the purity of my motives, and that I had been just in forming my opinions, I believed that I lay under an indispensable obligation to communicate them to my superiors, and I beg leave earnestly to express, on public grounds alone, the deepest regret that my well-intended efforts in behalf of the hard working soldiers entrusted to my com- mand should have called forth the serious displeasure of the Most Noble the Governor-General of India. I have the honor, &c., To Colonel Green, C.B., (Signed) JOHN JACOB, Major, Assistant Adjutant-General. Commanding Scinde IiTcgular Horse. LONDON : PRINTED BY NISSEN AND PAKKEE, «, MARK LANE. 8423 Id THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY This book is DUE on the last date stamped below -r- 1 •> I95S „„„„ JUN 25 21)02 LA YRMILL .. ^ SEP18«