LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. ' / ; The St. Nicholas, 31 ; Kep- pler's Hotel, 31 ; The Walnut Street House, 31 ; The Crawford House, 31 ; The Merchants' Hotel, 33; The Gait House, 33; The Henrie House, 34 ; The Carlisle House, 34; The Indiana House, 31 ; The Avenue Hotel, 34 ; The Madison House, 35; Hunt's Hotel, 35; Broad- way Hotel, 35. MODES OF CONVEYANCE, 3P>. PLACES OF AMUSEMENT, 37. Pike's Opera House, 37; Grand Opera House, 40; Wood's Theater, 40; Robin- son's Opera House, 40; The National Theater, 41. PLACKS AND SIGHTS WHICH A STRANGER , MUST SEE, 344. PLACES IN AND NEAR THE CITY WHICH A STRANGER SHOULD SEE, 344. CITY GOVERNMENT AND STATISTICS, 42. The City, 42 ; Villages annexed, 42 ; In- undation, 43; Increase of Population, 43; Nativities, 43; Number of Duell- ings, 43; Occupations, 43; The Mercan- tile Quarter, 43; Fine Private Resi- dences, 43; Over the Rhine, 43; Railway Traffic, 43; Telegraphic, 44; River Packets, 44 ; Omnibuses, 44 ; Street Rail- ways, 44 ; The City Buildings, 44 ; City ^Executive, 44; The Courts, 44; The Police, 45; Water Supply, 45; Sewers, 45; Gas, 45; The City Finances, 45; Licenses, 46 ; Paupers, 46. THE GREAT PUBLIC CHARITIES, 46. The Cincinnati Hospital, 46; The Good Samaritan Hospital, 48; St. Mary's Hospital, 49 ; The Jewish Hospital, 49 ; Longview Asylum, 49 ; The City Infirm- ary, 50; The House of Refuge, 51 ; The City Workhouse, 51; The Cincinnati Orphan Asylum, 53; The German Prot- estant Orphan Asylum, 53; Roman Catholic Orphan Asylums, 53; The Col- ored Orphan Asylum, 54 ; The Boys' Protectory, 54 ; The Cincinnati Union Bethel, 54; The Newsboys' Home, 56; The Home of the Friendless, 56; The Sisters of the Good Shepherd, 57; The House of the Guardian Angel, 58; The Cincinnati Relief Union, 58; The Chil- dren's Home of Cincinnati, 58; The Widows' Home, 59; Young Men's Chris- tian Association, 59; Home of the CONTENTS. Women's Christian Association, 60 ; The Fatherhood of Priests of St. Francis, 60 ; The Convent of the Sisters of Mercy, 61 ; The Convent of Notre Dame, 61 ; The Convent of St. Francis of the Poor, 61 ; The Hebrew General Relief Asso- ciation, 61 ; Cincinnati Homoeopathic Free Dispensary, 61 ; Dispensary of the Medical College of Ohio, 61 ; The Young Men's Bible Society, 61. MUNICIPAL DEPARTMENTS, 62. The Board of Health, The Cincinnati Fire Department, 62. THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS, 64. The Post-office. 61; The Custom House, 66; The United States Government Building, 66; The Exposition Buildings, 68 ; The Chaml.er of Commerce, 68 ; The Board of Trade, 69; The Mechanics' In- stitute, 69 ; The Newspapers, 69. THE TELEGRAPH COMPANIES, 70. The Western Union, 70 ; The Atlantic and Pacific, 70; The American District Telegraph Co., 71 ; The City and Subur- ban Telegraph Association, 71. THE EXPRESS COMPANIES, 71. The Adams Express Co. ,71 ; The Ameri- can Express Co. ,71; The United States Express Co., 72. EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS, 72. The University of Cincinnati, 72; The School of Design, 74 ; The Law School, 74; The Observatory, 74; The Hughes High School, 74; The Woodward High] School, 74; The Intermediate Schools,' 76; The District Schools, 76; The Nor- mal School, 76 ; The Colored Schools, 76 ; St. Francois Xavier College, 76; The Seminary of Mount St. Mary's, 76 ; The Lane Theological Seminary, 76; The Mount Auburn Young Ladies' Insti- tute, 78 ; The Cincinnati Wesleyan Col- lege, 78 ; Commercial Academies, 80 ; The Jewish College, 80; Mount St. Vin- cent Academy, 316. MEDICAL COLLEGES, 81. The Medical College of Ohio, 81 ; The Miami Medical College, 82; Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, 83; The Eclectic Medical Institute, 83; The Ohio College of Dental Surgery, 85 ; Cin- cinnati Ophthalmic and Aural Insti- tute, 86 ; The Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, 86. THE LIBRARIES, 86. The Public Library, 86; The Young Men's Mercantile Library Association 90; Other Libraries, 90. THE MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS, 91. The Cincinnati Mamnerchor, 91 ; The Orpheus, 91 ; The St. Cecilia Mamner- chor, 91 ; The Germania Mfennerchor, 92; The Harmonic Society, 92; The Cin- cinnati Orchestra, 92; The Church Choirs, 92 ; Conservatories of Music, 93 ; The Bands, 93. THE CLUB HOUSES, 93. The Cuvier Club of Cincinnati, 93 ; The Phoenix Club, 94 ; The Allemania, 94 ; The Eureka, 9 1 ; The Queen City Club, 95. THE BOAT CLUBS, 95. The Cincinnati Boat Club, 95; The Americus Boat Club, 95 ; The Dauntless Boat Club, 95. GYMNASTIC ASSOCIATIONS, 95. The Gymnasium, 95 ; The Turnverein of Cincinnati, 96 ; The Floating Bath, 97. SECRET SOCIETIES, 97. The Masonic Temple, 97 ; The Odd-fel- lows' Hall, 98 ; The Heptasophs, 99 ; The Order of Benai Berith, 99 ; The Druids, 99; The Sons of Temperance, 99; The Independent Order of Good Templars, 99. THE MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS. 100. Companies B, C, D, and E, 100; The Sin- ton Cadets, 100; The Cincinnati Jaeger Company, 100; The Camp Washington Dragoons, 100. THE CHURCHES, 101. St. Peter's Cathedral, 101 ; St. Francois Xavier Church, 102; St. Paul's Episco- pal Church, 103; St. Paul Methodist Episcopal Church, 103; St. John's Meth- odist Episcopal Church, 104 ; The First Presbyterian Church, 105; The'Church of the Holy Trinity, 105 ; The Church of the Atonement, 105; The Hebrew Syna- gogue, 106; The Hebrew Temple, 107; The Central Christian Church, 107 ; The Ninth Street Baptist Church, 108 ; The First Congregational Church, 108. THE FOUNTAIN (with 14 illustrations), 109. THE BRIDGES, 121. The Suspension Bridge, 121 ; The New- port Bridge, 121 ; The Southern Railway Bridge, 121. THE BANKS, 122. THE CLEARING HOUSE, 123. THE PARKS, 124. Eden Park, 124 ; The Great Reservoirs, 124; Burnet Woods, 125; Lincoln Park, 125; Washington Park, 127; Eighth Street Park, 128; The City Park, 128; The Water Works Park 128 ; Hopkins Park, 128. THE FLORISTS AND NURSERY GARDENS, 129. OVER THE RHINE (with 4 illustrations), 129; The Beer Gardens, 131 ; Wielert's Saloon and Garden, 131 ; Music Over the Rhine, 132; The Transrhenan Waiter, \?A ; The Wiener-Wurst Man, 135 ; The Sausage Man, 135. CONTENTS. PART II. STREET - ARCHITECTURE, COMMERCE, AND MANUFAC- TURES. FOURTH STREET, 138. A. C. Richards, 138; John Van, 139; M'Henry & Co., 140 ; John Holland, 141 ; George Meldrum, 142; Geo. E. Stevens & Co., 143; A. J. Clark, 144; Duhme& Co., 145; The Krebs Lithographing Company, 147; Wheeler & Wilson, 148; Camargo Manufacturing Company, 149; John Church & Co., 150; F. Schultze & Co., 151; Wilson Brothers, l. r >2; Jeffras, Seeley & Co., 153; John Shillito & Co., 154 ; The Mitchell & Rammelsberg Fur- niture Company, 156; A. E. Burkhardt & Co., 158 ; Strowbridge & Co., 159 ; The Dueber Watch Case Manufacturing Company, 161 ; Wm. H. Tlmyer & Co., 161 ; Wm. Wilson M'Grew, 162; A. & H. Straus, 163 ; J. S. Cook & Co., 164 ; D. H. Baldwin & Co., 165; F. Worthington & Co., 166 ; Hitchcock & Walden, 166 ; The Union Central Life Insurance Company, 167. FIFTH STREET, 169. Sylvester Hand & Co., 170; Wm. Pow- ell & Co., 170; C. S. Weatherby & Co., 171; Tuckfarber & Co., 172; F. Lunkenheimer & Co., 172 ; Manning, Robinson KENNY'S ILL VSTRA TED CINCINNA Tf. chairs in Anatomy, Physiology and Histiology, Pathology and Therapeutics, Operative Dentistry, Hygiene and Microscopy, Chemis- try, Clinical Dentistry, Mechanical Dentistry, and Practical Anatomy. In the operating rooms of the clinical department, at which one or more of the Faculty attend daily, each student is provided in the in- firmary with a locked case or drawer for his instruments, and all materials and appliances for the infirmary are supplied gratuitously. The following is the scale of fees: Matriculation fee, $5; Professors' tickets for one session, $100, or for Winter and Spring terms, $130; Demonstrator's ticket (for Anatomy), $5; Diploma fee, $30. Candidates for graduation must have two full years of pupilage, part of which must be with a dental practitioner, and two complete courses of lectures in the Dental College. Cincinnati Ophthalmic and Aural Institute, corner of Mound and Seventh Streets. Established in 1873. In the Winter of 1874 a large class of medical students availed themselves of the op- portunity to attend the daily clinic. Nearly every possible variety of disease in this department was presented, and besides the clinical in- struction given, a systematic course, consisting of over forty lectures on the eye and ear, was given. The Cincinnati Ophthalmic and Aural Institute is a Homoeopathic institution. Office hours for pay-patients, from 9 A. M. to 12 M. ; for charity-patients, 2 o'clock daily. The Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, located at 195 West Fifth Street. The course of lectures commences in October of each year. 76 students attended in 1874. The instruction includes a prac- tical laboratory course. The lectures consist of instructions in weigh- ing and measuring, and their systems as authorized by the United States and British Pharmacopoeia; and Specific Gravity. The ma- nipulationof pulverization, nitration, solution, maceration^percolation, crystallization, the management of heat, the water, sand, and steam baths, the processes of evaporation and distillation described and illustrated by apparatus and diagrams. Prizes are given each year. Fees, Matriculation, $5.00; professors' tickets, each, $10; graduation fee, $10. THE LIBRARIES. The Public Library a handsome stone-front and fire-proof building upon Vine Street, between Sixth and Seventh, is one of the finest and largest structures in the city, and complete in all its KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 87 INTERIOR PUBLIC LIBRARY. 88 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. appointments. Almost unrivaled, however, as it now is, it sprang from very small be- ginnings. In 1844 small public-school libraries were scat- tered through the - city; in 1855 these were collected and placed in the rooms of the Board of Education. In 1856 a partial union was effected with the Library of the Mechanics' In- . stitute, and the books transferred to its shelves. It was in that vear s that the determina- tion was reached to levy the legal tax of one-tenth of a mill for public- library purposes, and it was soon evident that the volumes w o u 1 d now outgrow their allotted space. In September, 1868, the purchase of the present lot. with e commencement of a building then intended for an opera-house, was consummated. The lot is 80 feet in front by 190 in depth, running back from KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 89 Vine Street to College Street. The price paid for the lot was $86,910, and when the Library was formally opened, on the 26th of February, 1874, the total cost of the building was $296,684.5,,. Since that time various improvements have been made, so that the grand total for site and Library is a little over $400,000. The Library still preserves one feature of its origin, as it is gov- erned by a committee of seven members appointed from the Board of Public Education. On one side of the entrance hall is the Librarian's room, on the other the office of the Clerk of the Board of Education. Then, passing through a large and hand- some delivery-room, the consulting and reading- room is reached. All round it, from the floor to the roof, run, tier above tier, large alcoves shelved for the books. Of these alcoves, there are 13 in the lower range and 20 in the four upper, thus making 93 in all. Up-stairs is the newspaper-room, in which 178 journals, including 6 French and 30 German, are taken ; the periodical- room, where 343 native and foreign periodicals are regularly taken; and still higher up the art-room, the office of the Superintendent of the Public-schools, and, yet higher, rooms for bind- ing and other purposes. The number of volumes in the Library in all languages and on all topics was, at the end of June last, 71,048, and among them a special collection of 4,000 medical works. During the last year 437,478 per- sons have visited the Library, not including an average of 600 who have daily attended the newspaper-room during the few months in which it has been opened. In the same period 292,621 volumes have been taken by book borrowers. The Library is open every day of the year from 8 A. M. to 10 P. M., and its services are performed by a Librarian, with a corps of 35 assistants, and 5 engineers and janitors. Its use is free to all residents, and its cost defrayed by a tax of one- THE PUBLIC LIBRARY, 90 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. tenth of a mill on (he dollar. The shelves of the Library are suffi- cient to contain 300,000 volumes. The Young Men's Mercantile Library Association has its home in a large, handsomely frescoed room on the second story of the College Buildings, on Walnut Street, opposite the Gibson House. It was founded in 1835, and supported by a fee for membership of five dollars a year and the interest of an endowment fund. There are now 2,493 active members, and, adding the life and perpetual members, a total of 2,726. The number of bound volumes is 36,- 899, and the cir- culation during the year 1874 was 56,256. In the department allotted to peri- od i c a 1 s and newspapers 105 of the former, and 163 of the latter, are sub- scribed for and on file. The room is orna- mented with four portraits in oil, twelve pieces of statuary, medal- lions, and photographs. The Library is open every day of the week, Sundays included. Other Libraries. The Law Library, in the Court-house, on Main Street, was founded in 1847, and contains 7,600 volumes. The Mechanics' Institute, in their reading-room on Sixth Street, near Vine, have about 2,000 volumes, and 60 periodicals are taken. The Philosophical and Historical Society has 4,500 bound volumes, and 12,000 pamphlets and unbound books. YOUNG MEN S MERCANTILE LIBRARY. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 91 THE MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS. The Cincinnati Maennerchor is the oldest musical society in the city, organized June 24, 1857, by the union of the three then exist- ing societies; namely, the Liedertafel, Saengerbund, and Germania. In 1859 the society was greatly strengthened by a union with the "Lese u nd Bildungs Verein," a German literary society, which, besides pecuniary aid, brought with it a library numbering 3,500 volumes; this has now been increased to about 5,000 volumes. In 1860 the opera " Czar and Zinmiermann " was produced with but one female voice, that of the prima donna, inasmuch as the society was still what its name indicates, a male chorus. Immediately thereafter lady mem- bers were admitted, and Flotow's "Stradella" was given, and "Czar and Zimmermann" repeated with a mixed chorus. These operas were followed by " Freischutz," "Nacbtlager auf Granada," "Massaniello," "La Dame Blanche," "Undine," and "Oberon." The operas "Zampa" and "The Poachers" were studied, but their production by the society prevented by the withdrawal of a number of the active members, who organized the Orpheus. Since then the society has confined itself to the proper sphere of a choral organization, and has studied oratorio and the higher forms of German Volkslied. The Orpheus. The Orpheus originated in the contentions of the Maennerchor. On the 4th of April, 1868, a misunderstanding regard- ing the propriety of losing time and money in the production of operas culminated in the withdrawal of forty-five active members, and their resolution to organize a new musical society. The first step was followed by most decisive and energetic action, for within ten days the list of members numbered 255. Of these, 140 were passive and 115, including the orchestra, active members. The increase in passive members has been steadily kept up, and they now number over 600. At the last concert of the society, 112 active members participated; namely, 78 in the chorus, and 34 in the amateur orchestra. The St. Cecilia Maennerchor. In May, 1867, some disagree- ment in the choir of St. Mary's German Catholic Church, on the cor- ner of Thirteenth and Clay Streets, resulted in its disruption and the formation of the St. Cecilia Maennerchor by the male members. These were twelve in 'number. The Society has lately admitted lady members, taken for the greater part from the various German Cath- 92 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. olic choirs. Its execution of the higher standard of mass music, in particular, is excellent. The G-ermania Maennerchor. Jealousies and contentions in the Maennerchor caused the withdrawal of eight members from that society in July, 1872. Kelying solely upon their own ability, the double quartet organized the present Gerniania Maennerchor on July 25, 1872. The society which started out with eight voices, one passive member, and no funds, is become one of the most prosper- ous musical organizations in the city. Owing to a rule, stringently adhered to, to accept no members save in complete quartets with unexceptionable voices, the active members have not greatly increased in number, being now 16, but the passive list has grown from 1 to over 200. In addition to these societies there are about a dozen in this city of minor importance. Among them are the Haru Gari, Druid, Odd-fel- lows, Turner, Swiss, and Helvetia Maennerchors, the Liedertafel, and Saengerbund. The Harmonic Society is the leading choral organization in the city, and now numbers 300 active members. It was founded in 1859, and has formed the nucleus of the choirs of the May Musical Festivals. Some knowledge of music and the possession of a voice of some culture are requisite for active membership, but honorary niein- ' bers are admitted by a subscription of $5 per annum. The society practices at the Melodeon Hall, at north-west corner Fourth and Wal- nut Streets. The Cincinnati Orchestra was organized in 1872, and is chiefly devoted to the cultivation of classical music. In that year it gave its first series of concerts at Pike's Hall. Two of these were in the evening. The Orchestra then numbered 36 men; in 1873 it con- sisted of 40, and in 1874 of 47 men. The first season entailed a finan- cial loss, but the managers persevered, and last season reimbursed them. The additions to the original ranks have been made from among the best musicians in the East, who have been induced to settle here. Concerts are given every season at Pike's Hall, and the mem- bers of the Orchestra are combined with the Thomas Orchestra for the May Musical Festival. The Church Choirs. Cincinnati is noted for the excellence of her choirs. The following are exceptionally good : the best is that of the Catholic Cathedral, on Plum near Eighth Street, and perhaps the next that of St. Francois Xavier, on Sycamore between Sixth and Seventh. The choirs of the Jewish Synagogue, at the corner of Eighth KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 93 and Plum, and of the Holy Trinity, on Fifth between Smith and Mound, and of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church, on Fourth Street, between Main and Walnut Streets, are very excellent. The choir at St. Paul's Methodist Church is large and strong, and in many of the German churches " over the Rhine " the music is very good. Conservatories of Music. There are two in Cincinnati one on John Street, near Fourth, the other on Seventh Street, near Vine. A large corps of teachers are engaged in both establishments, and Cin- cinnati is very rich in musical schools and teachers of music of both sexes. The Bands of Cincinnati are very numerous and well-trained. Several of the military companies possess one of their own, the Turnverein has one, and others are frequently formed by different societies in different parts of the city. The band stationed at the Newport Barracks is often called upon for service in the citv. Three of the principal local bands are Brand's Reed Band, which orig- inated with some of the members of the Cincinnati Orchestra, and the brass bands of Messrs. Currier and Seidensticker. During the last Summer these bands have played every week in the open air in the Burnet Wood's Park. They are chiefly relied upon for the njusic at the Exposition. THE CLUB HOUSES. The Cuvier Club of Cincinnati, at 202 West Fourth Street, sprang from a small association of gentlemen, and was thoroughly organized as a club in 1874. Its object is to preserve, protect, and increase the game and fish of Ohio, to enforce the laws concerning them, and to promote and advance field sports. Its officers are a president, 3 vice-presidents, a corresponding secretary, a recording sec- retary, and a treasurer. There are four hundred members, each pay- ing an annual subscription of $10. The Club has two rooms, one for business meetings, and the other used as a club-room. There are also cashing rooms and a closet containing lockers for such members as may desire one. The Club-room contains cases filled with beautifully stuffed, and in some instances very rare specimens of, game birds from Europe and America, the wild turkey, the grouse, and quail tribes, etc., being very fully represented. There are four cases containing 70 birds from Florida alone, and one case is filled with Ohio and Florida fish. The tables are covered with all the best English and American 94 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. sporting papers and the volumes of Congressional reports referring to Ornithology and Ichthyology. The Phoenix Club, one of the handsomest in the West, has its rooms in its own building at the corner of Central Avenue and Court Street. It was founded on the 1st May, 1856, by an association of 30 members. Their rooms were then on Walnut Street, but in March, 1874, they moved into their present beautiful club-house, the cost of which was $60,000. There are two hundred members paying an annual subscription of $60 each. There are 12 large rooms, besides dressing- rooms, very richly furnished, comprising reading-rooms, supper-rooms, billiard-rooms, ball-rooms, and a library. Twenty-five foreign and domestic journals are taken, and during the Winter entertainments are given weekly. Ladies, the wives, sisters, and daughters of the mem- bers, are then admitted. A large hall, with a fine stage and a perfect col- lection of theatrical properties, is admirably adapted for music, opera, and dancing. The dressing-rooms are perfectly finished, and every thing arranged with the utmost attention to harmony and elegance. The Allemania, at the corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets, is one of the prettiest clubs in the West. It was founded in December, 1849, by a few members, with but scanty accommodations. For some time the club-rooms were at the corner of Sixth and Main, but 12 years ago the members, now 200 in number, moved to their present quarters. Seven years ago the premises we're repaired and orna- mented, at a cost of $28,000. There are supper-rooms, billiard-rooms, ball-rooms, drawing-rooms for both ladies and gentlemen, and the ladies of the members' families are privileged visitors at all hours of the day, and find the club a pleasant resort in all seasons. A masquer- ade ball is given once a year, and the amateur dramatic and musical performances in the Melodeon Hall, the private theater of the club, are among the best in the city. The subscription is $3 a month, and $25 admission. The Eureka, at the north-east corner of Walnut and Ninth Streets, was founded in 1867, and after a stay of some six months at the corner of Seventh and Gario Streets, established itself in its present quarters in 1868. The club-house is 75 feet fronting on Walnut Street and 108 on Ninth. It is four stories high. The ground-floor is let for business purposes, and the seven large and beautifully fur- nished rooms occupied by the club are devoted to dramatic, musical, and social reunions. The subscription is $36 a year. The club has a bowling-alley and billiard-rooms, and rooms excellently appointed for balls, reading-rooms, and suppers. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. The Queen City Club temporarily occupies a room on the ground-floor of the Grand Hotel, but in about July, 1876, will move into its building now in course of erection at the south-west corner Seventh and Elni Streets. The Club is incorporated, and was organ- ized in 1874. The authorized capital is $150,000, divided into shares of $250 each. There are now 435 members, and the number is limited to 500. New members must be proposed and seconded, their names posted on the bulletin board for 7 days, and then balloted for in the Board of Directors, of whom there are 15. Three black balls exclude. The members are very generally composed of the leading, most active, and intelligent gentlemen of Cincinnati, drawn from the upper ranks of commercial and professional society. THE BOAT CLUBS. The Cincinnati Boat Club was organized in 1872, and now numbers 18 active and 10 honorary members. Its boat-house 56 feet by 20 is in Newport, close to the Licking River Suspension Bridge. The Club owns one four-oared paper shell, 42J feet long by 19J inches wide, and five single cedar sculling boats. The Club practices, weather permitting, every evening. The Americus Boat Club was organized in 1874. Its boat is kept at the Floating Bath-house, at the foot of Broadway. It is a four-oared paper shell, 41 feet long by 16 inches wide. There are 40 members. The Dauntless Boat Club also keeps its boat a four-oared cedar shell, 40 feet long by 18 inches wide, at the Bath-house. There are 12 members. During the season there are several races between the local Clubs and competitors from other cities and villages. GYMNASTIC ASSOCIATIONS. The Gymnasium, on Fourth Street, between Kace and Vine Streets, was founded in 1853, and incorporated in 1859. It is a voluntary Association, having for its object the promotion of physical culture. Its government is controlled by a President and Board of .Directors, elected by the members at large. The Gymnasium j>os- 96 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. sesses an exercise hall 60 by 100 feet, with a ceiling 35 feet in height, thus forming one of the finest rooms for gymnastic purposes in the United States. This hall is ' furnished with all of the ap- p a r a t u s re- quisite in a first-class gymnasium. There are 17 large bath- rooms for the use of the members; also a reading- room. The act n al num- ber of members is -1,050. The price of ad- mission for one year is $10. Strangers are invited to visit the establish- ment at any time from 8 A. M. till 10 P.M. The Turnverein of Cincinnati was founded in 1848, and its present hall, at Nos. 513 to 519 Walnut Street, between Allison and Mary Streets, built in 1859, at a cost of $35,000. It is three stories in height. The front rooms on the ground-floor are rented for business purposes ; in the rear is the Turner Hall proper, or gymnasium, 53 feet in length by 48 in width. It is fitted out with parallel bars, swinging bars, and complete apparatus, so arranged that a sufficient space in the center is left for military drill. The gymnasts are divided into three classes: one, of 60 members, consisting of all over 18 years of age; their nights for exercise are Wednesday and Friday; one of 70 members, of youths between 14 and 18; and one of 220 children below 14, who may be trained every evening. On the second floor is THE GYMNASIUM. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 97 the German Theater, open on Sunday and Friday avenings from late in the Fall to early in the Spring. It is capable of seating 1,800 spec- tators, and is divided into Parquette, Dress Circle, and Gallery. During the Summer, and on other days of the week, it is used for concerts and other exhibitions. The third floor contains the Concert Eoorn proper, and also rooms for business, for the directors, etc. Con- nected with the Turnverein is a Turner Cadet Corps, 60 strong, and drilling in the building; a Turner Band, of 18 instruments; and a Singing Choir, of 25 voices. There are 450 members many of them honorary and the fees of the paying members are 50 cents a month. The Floating Bath is moored about 50 feet out in the river, at the foot of Broadway. It also serves as a boat-house, and there are bedrooms fitted up for the employees. The public swimming place is 40 by 85 feet, with 66 dressing rooms. The water itself is. 20 by 70 feet, and 4J feet deep. There are 10 separate bath-rooms, the water being 3| feet deep. The swimming school is 30 by 40 feet, with 14 dressing-rooms; the water itself is 20 feet square and 3f deep. A teacher is always in attendance. The price of a season ticket is $5 ; of a single bath, 15 cents. An average of nearly 700 bathe daily during the Summer months. SECRET SOCIETIES. The Masonic Temple, on the north-east corner of Third and Walnut Streets, is one of the finest buildings in the city. Its massy stone front extends 115 feet on its southern, and 66 feet on its western, flank. From base to roof it is 80 feet in height. Its style is Eliza- bethan Gothic. The lower story is let for business purposes, and up- stairs there are numbers of handsome law offices. The front is divided by buttresses, 2 feet face and 8 inches in projection, running above the battlements. The windows to the Central Hall are 16 feet high, heavily mullioned, and surrounded by hoods of fine cut stone. The center of the west front is gabled, with a shield in the center, bearing a monogram. The main hall in the second story is designed for public assemblies, and is 51 by 120 feet, with an orchestra in the east end. The third story is occupied by the hall for the use of the several Lodges of the city, together with the Chapter, Council, and Encamp- ment. The Chapter room proper is 51 feet square by 23 feet high. The furniture is of mahogany, with Gothic open panel-work on a rich 8 98 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. crimson satin ground; that of the Masonic hall bronzed, with blue satin. A new and beautiful organ has lately been built, and the hall is lighted by seven Gothic chandeliers of con- spicuous beauty. The Odd - fellows' Hall of Cincinnati is built upon their own property, on Fourth Street, on the north-east corner of Home. The building is 50 feet front by 100 feet deep, and was built in 1871, at a total cost of $70,000, not in- cluding the grounds. The lower floors are occupied by the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company. On the third floor are three anterooms, a reception- room, and the Lodge-room. On this floor also is the red room, or degree-room. The furniture is very handsome on the third floor, walnut; on the fourth, oak. The principal Lodge-rooms are 50 by 47J feet, and beautifully furnished. The carpets and curtains, and every article of textile manufacture, were imported from Europe. The Odd- fellows, in the spirit of good fellowship, rent their rooms, upon even- ings not required for their own purposes, to other Societies advocat- ing kindred, if not similar, aims. The offices of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, of Newark, N. J., which are on the second floor of the building, are elegantly furnished en suite. They include the general counting room, the Agent's private offices, and the office of the Solicitors and other employees of the Company. This institution may be termed almost a Cincinnati one, on account of the large number of members it has in the community. In 1875 there were 3,000 members of the Company resident in the city. Its total receipts in Cincinnati amounted to THE MASONIC TEMPLE. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 99 $250,000, and the dividends declared to the members was equal to 50 per cent. This agency was estab- lished in the year 1846, and they have been in the Odd- fellows' build- ing since 1872. The Im- proved Or- der of Red M e r^ of which there are six tribes in Cincinnati, meets weekly, at their two halls, o'ne on the north- west corner of Sixth and Walnut Streets, the other on the south-east corner of Main and Court Streets. The Heptasophs meet on the second and fourth Sunday even- ing of each month, at the Debolt Exchange. The Independent Order of Benai Berith has five Lodges, and meet weekly, at their room, corner of Fifth Street and Central Avenue. The Druids have nine Groves and Chapters, and nieet weekly, at the, hall on Court Street, between Main and Walnut. The Sons of Temperance meet annually, semi-annually, and bimonthly, at Odd-fellows' Hall. The Independent Order of G-ood Templars lias four Lodges, and meets weekly, at the following points?: On Thursday evening, at Templars' Hall, East Front Street; on Monday, at the THE ODD-FELLOWS HALL. 1 00 KENNY'S ILL US TEA TED CINCINNA TI. school-house on Seventh Street, east of Broadway ; on Saturday, at the north-west corner of Eighth and Freeman Streets; on Thursday, at Ivy Lodge, south-east corner of Fourth and Vine Streets. THE MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS. THE military organizations of Cincinnati, organized under the State Statute providing for militia companies, are 7 in number. The law requires 40 men under arms for each; but most, if not all, the city companies exceed the prescribed limit. Company B, the oldest, in the First Battalion of the Ohio National Guards, called the Lytle Grays, in honor of Major-General Lytle, killed at Chichamauga, was formed in August, 1868, and has drilled constantly ever since. Their drill night is Wednesday of each week. Their armory is at Nos. 357 and 359 Central Avenue. Company C, "The Cincinnati Light Guard," was formed in 1868 as a company of the Zouave Battalion. It assumed its present name in 1872. It meets for drill every Monday night. Its armory is at the south-west corner Eighth Street and Central Avenue. Company D, " The Queen City Guards," was formed in 1874. It meets for drill every Tuesday night. Its armory is at the south- west corner Eighth Street and Central Avenue. Company E, u The Harrison Light Guards," was also formed in 1874. It meets for drill every Tuesday and Friday night. Its ar- mory is at Harrison, Ohio. The Sinton Cadets were formed last Spring. The corps is composed of pupils of the Intermediate and High Schools. The com- pany meets for drill, under a competent instructor, every Tuesday and Friday evenings. The armory is at the south-west corner Eighth Street and Central Avenue. The Cincinnati Jaeger Company was formed this year. It meets for drill every Tuesday evening. The armory is at the south- east corner Vine and Mercer Streets. The Camp "Washington Dragoons was also formed this year. It drills weekly, and its head-quarters are at the Halfway House, Camp Washington. In addition to these regularly organized bodies, there are several private volunteer companies, such as the Turnverein Cadets and others. Most of them are in a high state of efficiency. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 101 THE CHURCHES. St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic) fronts on Plum Street, be- tween Seventh and Eighth. Its dimensions are 190 by 87 feet. The style of architecture is Corinthian, and its-. several proportions the most harmo- nious in the city. Corner- stone was laid in 1839 ; con- secrated in 1844 Car- dinal M'Clos- k e y , then Bishop of Al- bany, preach- ing the dedi- cation ser- mon. Cost o f building when roofed, not includ- ing the por- tico or spire, was $90,000; but it is now valued at $250,000, ex- clusive of the ground. There are seats for 1,300, but the aisles are also gener- ally filled. The choir consists of fifteen paid and unpaid members, and the organ has two banks of keys and twenty-four stops. The services are performed by five priests. The Cathedral is very rich in pictures, some of them possessing great historic, as well as ST. PETER'S CATHEDRAL. 102 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. artistic, value. One of the greatest is the altar-piece, representing St. Peter delivered from prison. Its history extends back to the days of the Peninsular War. When Marshal Soult was in Spain, in com- mand of the French troops, and found himself hard pressed by the English under Wellington, he robbed many of the churches and con- vents of their noblest pictures. Among others he took four Murillos from the Cathedral at Seville, and on his return to Paris, presented them to Cardinal Fesch, Napoleon's uncle. In 1824 Bishop Fenwick, the first bishop of this diocese, was in Paris, and the Cardinal pre- sented him with one of these four Murillos. The Bishop brought it to Cincinnati, and the " St. Peter Delivered " is now one of the chief glories of art in America. Another beautiful painting in the southern aisle is also due, indirectly, to the French. After the battle of Jena, when Napoleon was about to occupy Berlin, the best pictures of the churches and monasteries were secreted. In 1840 a large number of them were sold, and a gentleman from Chillicothe, Ohio, became the purchaser of two or three. He shortly after wrote to Father Purcell, at the Cathedral, offering to part with one of them. After a careful examination, it was purchased. The painting represents the death of St. Mary Magdalene, in her mountain cave near Marseilles. Her brother Lazarus, whom Jesus raised from the dead, was ordained bishop after the crucifixion, and sent to Gaul. It was painted in Italy, in the sixteenth century, a replica of the original now in the Cathedral of Notre Dame, in Paris. The altar is of the purest Carrara marble, and the two angels on either side were sculptured by Powers, during his residence in Florence. In. the great picture opposite the pulpit, representing Christ's entry into Jerusalem, "sitting upon an ass, and a colt, the foal of an ass," Landseer himself painted the colt, and almost all the figures are the work of as many different artists. Ex- tending west from the Cathedral is the beautiful residence of the Archbishop. Under the altar rest the remains of Father Stephen Badin. He was ordained in 1795, being the first priest ever ordained in America. Previous to that time the missionaries were supplied from abroad. St. Francois Xavier Church is upon the west side of Syca- more Street, between Sixth and Seventh. It is 70 feet front, by 170 deep. 'The style of architecture is the Perpendicular Gothic. The steeple is now 220 feet in height, and when completed will be 350. The organ has two banks of keys and twenty stops. The choir con- sists of a paid quartet and several volunteer singers. On special occasions the choir is largely increased. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 103 St. Paul's Episcopal Church, on Fourth Street, between Main and Walnut, was chartered by special act of the Legislature in 1832. The old church was built a year or two afterward, and the present rebuilt on the old site in 1861. The lot covered by the church is 75 by 100 feet. The architecture is Gothic; the windows and the doors late Norman. The total seating capacity is 735, and there are 400 ST. PAUL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH. communicants. The choir is very excellent, and the organ has two banks of keys and forty-four stops. The Sunday-school is large, and one of the oldest in the city. The officers pay particular attention to the mission children in the different sections of the town. For many years the late Chief-Justice Chase was the superintendent. The salary of the rector is $4,000 per annum; that of his assist- ant curate $1,500. This church is considered the most fashionable in the city. St. Paul Methodist Episcopal Church, at the corner of Seventh and Smith Streets, was opened in 1870. The ground and 104 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. building together cost $250,000. There are seats for 2,000, but a much larger number have crowded the church on special occasions. The organ has two banks of keys and twenty-four sounding stops. The choir, with the excep- tion of the leader and or- ganist, who are paid, are volunteers, varying in num- bers from ten to twenty. The church and the parson- 'age attached are of Ohio blue-stone. There are 600 members, and the pastor's salary is $4,000 and the par- sonage. The St. John's Methodist Episcopal Church, on the corner of Longworth and Park Streets, was organized in October, 1848. The old church was dedicated on the 30th of December, 1849 ; and on the 21st of July, 1871, the cor- ner-stone of the present building was laid. The architecture is called mod- ern Gothic; the window at the north is, however, late Early English, and the win- dows at the side modernized Norman. The church, exclusive of the lot valued at $5,000 was $25,000. The Sunday-school room is a handsome, well- lighted apartment in the basement, and there are now 200 scholars. The church proper contains 76 pews, with an average capacity of 6 to each. There are also 80 seats in the gallery. There are 150 mem- bers. r The building itself is 48 feet by 80, with a height, from the floor to the apex of the ceiling, of 70* feet. The ceiling itself is of wood, richly paneled, ribbed, and molded. The windows are of stained glass, and the acoustic properties very good. The instru- mental music is rendered by a cabinet organ. The salary of the minis- ter is $1,500 a year. ST. PAUL METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 105 The First Presbyterian Church, on Fourth Street, between Main and TValnut, is, owing to the height of its steeple, one of the most easily d i s t inguished churches in the city. The church was built in 1853, at a cost of $00,000 ; and the steeple, -in- cluding the fee? hVh- that is, 10 feet higher than the spire of Trinity Church, New York. There are eight voices in the choir, two banks of keys in the organ, and thirty-two stops. The Act incorpora- tino 1 the First ST> J HN ' S METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Presbyterian Society was passed 12th January, 1807. The seating capacity is for 900 persons, and the number of pews, 152. The salary of the pastor is $3,000. The Church of the Holy Trinity, on Fifth Street, between Smith and Mound, was dedicated in 1834, and rebuilt in 1852, at a cost of $42,046 for the building alone. There are 252 pews, with 5 persons to each. The building is 70 feet front by 170 deep, with a pastoral residence in rear. The organ has 'three banks of keys and thirty-two stops. The Church is served by two priests, and is the Catholic German Mother Church of Cincinnati. The Church of the Atonement, on Third Street, between Central Avenue and John Street, was built entirely through the ex- 9 106 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. ertion? of the Sisters of Mercy. The style of architecture is pure Early English, and the interior is said to he one of the handsomest in the city. A chapel on the west side of the altar is railed off for the use of the Sisters. The K. K. Benai Jeslmrun, the Hebrew synagogue, is on Plum Street, opposite the cathedral. It was built chiefly during the THE HEBREW SYNAGOGUE. war, at a cost of $275,000, and dedicated in 1866. The style of archi- tecture is Moresque, designed after the Alhambra at Granada. The fresco work, which is very brilliant and beautiful, was done in 1874, at a cost of $9,000. The temple is lighted by one central grand chandelier, two large and eight smaller ones, besides the lights on the altar and pulpit. There are 218 family pews, with a capacity of 5 each, and 80 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 107 seats in the gallery. The organ has tjjree banks of keys and forty -two stops. There are twenty voices in the choir. In the basement are the school-rooms, the study, and the sexton's rooms. The present salary of the rabbi is, including house-rent, $7,200 a year, with a paid-up policy of life insurance. The K. K. Benai Israel, the Hebrew temple at the corner of Eighth and Mound Streets, was dedicated on the 27th of August, 1869. Its cost was $180,000. The prevail- ing style of architecture is Moresque, but the pillars are of a late Ionic. The fresco work is very beauti- ful. There are 182 family pews, with an average capa- city of 6 to each. The organ has two banks of keys and thirty stops. The choir is formed of a double quartet. In the basement are four school-rooms and the apart- ments of the sexton. . The present salary of the rabbi is $4,000, with a paid-up policy of $3,000, and a par- sonage connected with the temple. The temple is beautifully lighted with 13 handsome chandeliers and lights on the pulpit and altar. The Central Christian Church, on Ninth Street, between Central Avenue and Plum Street, was first known as the Sycamore- street Church, and then as the Christian Church on Walnut and Eighth Streets, built in 1847. The present church was begun in August, 1869, and finished at a cost of $142,000. Its style is the French Gothic, and the capitals and windows are very beautiful. The central window of the nave is one of the largest in America 24.] feet by 51 feet in height. The Catherine wheel, or rose window, at its head, is 16 feet in diame- ter. The nave itself is 34 feet wide by 125 lon illllllllllllllllliiillliilliliill'l iii:i!!: sents every style of glit- tering Bohemian Glass, combined in tasteful pendents, loops, etc., ar- t ranged as parlor chan- deliers. The lamp depart- ment is rich in hun- dreds of tasteful pat- terns, with Ornamental Globes, in all of the delightful tints and shades, and ornamented with intricate devices, medallions, and fine tracery of elegant work- manship. John Holland's Gold Pen Manufactory is situated at No. 19 West Fourth Street. JOHN HOLLAND. 142 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. The business was established in the year 1842. Its beginning was small, and it took years before it reached the magnitude it has now attained. It now ranks as the second largest manufactory of this class of goods in the United States, and the house has branches in New York, San Francisco, and other cities. For year after year it has received the. contract for supplying the United States Treasury Department in Washington. The business of the house extends over almost every State of the Union, and it has made several ship- ments of Gold Pens to Europe. A complete description of the machinery and appliances of the factory would fill several pages of this book. The main pro- ductions, however, are fine Gold Pens and Pencil Cases, mounted in gold, pearl, ivory, ebony, rosewood, or silver; and gold, rubber, and silver mounted Tooth Picks. In the produc- tion of these articles the estab- lishment is simply not out- rivaled in the world. The House of George Mel- drum, No. 23 West Fourth Street, is one of the oldest in the Glass and Paint business in the city, having been established in the year 1838. The building has a frontage of 30 feet, and a ^ depth of 180 feet, and is, includ- ing the basement, five stories in height. The stock includes the following among the principal lines of articles, namely White Lead, French Zinc, French Ochre, English Venetian Red, fine Colors of all kinds, dry and ground in oil, Coach Colors/Bronzes, Lakes, Gold Paint, Glues, Sand Paper, Gold, Silver, and Metal Leaf, Whiting, Paris White, Chalk, Sponges, Chamois, Fillers, superior English and American Varnishes, Tube Colors, Crayons, Diamonds, Pumice Stone, Potash, Paint Mills, fine artist, color, and varnish Brushes, full assortment of Painters' Materials, Polished Plate Glass, Figured Glass, Enameled Glass, Colored Glass, Hammered Glass for roofs and floors. The firm do a very extensive GEORGE MELDRUM. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 143 business in French and American window-glass, and keep at all times an extensive assortment on hand their warehouse facilities for storing boxes of glass of the different sizes being very great. They also keep on hand a full variety of stained glass, comprising every thing in this line needed for churches Qr private dwellings. They have supplied most of the stained glass used in many of the fine private mansions at Clifton and other sub- urbs of the city. Their trade in this depart- ment is steadily in- creasing, and new pat- terns and designs in this beautiful material are constantly received. The members of the firm are G. Meldrum and T. G. Beaham. The Publishing House of Geo. E. Stevens & Co. is at No. 39 West Fourth Street, next to St. Paul's Episcopal Church. The firm was established in 1869, taking the busi- ness which dated back to 1856. The building has a frontage of 24 feet, and is four stories in height. It is fitted up in the most complete manner, both for the , , , , GEO. E. STEVENS & CO. wholesale and retail business. Upon the shelves in the retail department the visitor will find new and standard works in every branch of literature. Special attention is given to orders for Libraries, and the supplying of Reference Books and Manuals in all departments. They issue, from time to time, carefully prepared lists of im- portant new publications, which they will send gratis. For this purpose they desire the Post-office address of librarians, teachers, 144 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. professional men, and book buyers generally. They make their store a resort for lovers of books, whether they wish to purchase or not, and request correspondence with all such. The wholesale trade, which is very extensive, and covers a terri- tory embracing all the Central States, is conducted on the most systematic method, the customers of the house, all through the coun- try, being promptly supplied with all of the new books as fast as they are published. This department of the business is carried on in a separate building No. 134 Walnut Street specially adapted for its purpose. The members of the firm are Geo. E. Stevens and Geo. B. Nichols. The Retail Shirt Manufacturing Establishment and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods Warehouse of A. J. Clark is situated at the south-east corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets, and was established in the year 1861. Situated at the intersection of two of the principal thoroughfares of the city, the house enjoys an extensive patronage. A. J. CLARK. The manufacture of shirts is carried on in the upper floors of the building, which extend on Walnut Street a distance of nearly 120 feet. The business of the house extends over all of the entire South and KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 145 West, the formulas of self measurement (which may be had on appli- cation) enabling a large number of orders to be filled by mail. The house imports its own linen and hosiery. The miscellaneous stock embraces all that may be found in the most complete gentle- men's furnishing department. The establishment of Duhme & Co., Jewelers, is situated at the corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets, only one square from the Post- office. The tourist who desires to see one of the finest jewelry salesrooms on the Continent will not be disappointed in visiting this. The internal arrangements are of the most complete order, and show to advantage a very rich display of Gold Jewelry, besides a large quantity of Silver Goods, upon some pieces of which great expense is incurred in order to give to them the character of art productions. Glass cases of arti- cles in plate, combining the ornamental and useful for household use, are specially interesting, as showing the beautiful art of electro- plating. The word jewelry now-a-days means so much that it is simply im- possible to enumerate all of the articles so designated. The following, however, includes almost enough to satisfy any ordinary visitor to this establishment: Decorative gold and silver plate, such as racing cups, testimonials, centerpieces, salvers, candelabra, etc. ; table plate, such as soup and sauce tureens, dessert services, claret jugs, wine coolers, cruet frames, etc.; gold and silver-plated goods, electro- plated goods, gilt and ormolu work for table and personal decorations of various kinds, jewelry containing precious stones, gold and silver jewelry without precious stones, etc., besides a miscellaneous assort- ment of articles; many of which would come under the designation of hardware goods as readily as under that of jewelry. The designers are noted for their consummate taste. Attention can not fail to be directed to the Diamond and Precious Stone department, this house being the principal one engaged in this business in the West. French Bronzes, Clocks, Candelabra, etc., represent the finest work of foreign artists, while Epergnes, Cake and Fruit Baskets and table utensils illustrate the productions of the house. The manufacturing department is on the lower and upper floors of the building, and about 150 skilled artisans, artificers, and diamond setters are employed. The house was established in 1836. The members of the firm are Herman Duhme and E. H. Galbreath. This firm is known as the most extensive jewelers in the West. 12 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 147 The Krebs Lithographing Company are situated in the Carlisle Building, on the corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets. . The "Carlisle" is one of the finest buildings of the city, and the Krebs Company occupy two of the large floors of the building. Their establishment is replete with the best > lithographing and printing machinery, and their work includes every variety of lithographic and chromo-lithographic productions: Bonds, Checks, Drafts, Diplomas, etc. In fine color printing the firm ranks second to none in America. Their business extends over a territory which includes almost every State in the Union. The members of the firm are Adolph Krebs, W. D. Henderson, and F. Veigel. Lithography is the art of drawing or engraving upon stone designs, from which impressions can be taken on paper. It is a branch of engraving, and an important one, since it has, to a great extent, super- seded engraving on steel and copper, particularly for maps, plans, and commercial purposes. Its comparative cheapness the cost being only one-third that of engraving upon metal commends it to general use ; and with the advance in the art, designs are now produced which are very little inferior to the best specimens of wood and steel engraving of the same class. The first specimen of lithography executed in the United States was published in the Analectic Magazine for July, 1819. In the same year discoveries of a white stone, suitable for the work, were made in Indiana. The stone used is a light-colored yellow or blue-gray calcareous limestone, the best of which comes from Bavaria, though they are found in France; and an excellent stone has been brought from Cape Giarardeau, in Missouri. It is almost impossible to estimate too highly the value of the work done by lithography in popularizing art among the people. A lithograph enters thousands of homes where, in its absence, the cost of steel or copper would necessarily leave the walls bare and un- adorned. To the business world its benefits have been literally ines- timable. They have been adapted with the most wonderful exactitude and speedy execution to the demands of the railway, the steamship, the factory, and the counting-house, and nearly nine-tenths of the illustrations we see placarded in railway waiting rooms, hotels, and other places of public resort, are the product of lithography. By its means the manufacturer or the common carrier are enabled, with but little expense, to place before the public such specimens of their work, or views on their route, which would be impossible upon wood or metal. 148 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. The salesrooms of "Wheeler deal largely in Canned Fruits, Foreign Fruits, Nuts, and Fire Works. Importing Fruits, Nuts, etc., direct, and controlling the entire product of several large manufacturers of Canned Fruits. By special and peculiar processes they prepare specialties in their line which are known on the market as the "AXGELIC SWEETS " brand of Stick Candy, and the "improved Stick Candy" Fruit Flavors." 17 202 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. These brands are always pure and full weight, and are widely known, and have a large sale on that account. They are, in fact, absolutely free from all deleterious ingredients, The house are also the agents for the Oriental Gunpowder Company. The members of the firm are Wm. Mitch- ell and F. M. White- law. Snider &Hoole's establishment, at No. 101 Walnut Street, is one of the finest build- ings on that great thoroughfare. It has a frontage of twenty- five feet, a depth of one hundred feet, and is, including the base- ment, six stories high. The firm are the most extensive dealers in Book Binders' Mate- rials and Machinery in the Western States. The business was es- tablished in the year 1868. The interior of the establishment is fitted up in a very superior manner, every thing is ar- ranged to facilitate the rapid transaction of a large business. The firm deal in such a multiplicity of SNIDER & HOOLE. articles that no enu- meration can be indulged in. A few may be specified namely, Russia Leather, English and American Book Cloths, Goat Moroccos and Imitations, English Calf-skins, Straw, Tar, and Trunk Boards, Book-binders and Paper-box Makers' Stock Tools and Machinery of KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 203 every description. The firm has branch-houses in Chicago and St. Louis, and its trade extends over every section of the country except the New England States. The members of the firm are, Louis Snider, of Hamilton, Ohio, Edwin Hoole, of Cincinnati. J. M. M'Cullough 7 Walnut Street. The house was established in the year 1837. The company manufacture French Burr Mill Stones, Portable Flour and Corn Mills, both top and under runners; Bolting- Chests, Reels, Conveyers, Corn Shelters, Smut Machines, and all Mill Furnishing articles. They -arc also importers of the genuine Dutch Anchor brand POST & CO. 268 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. H. CLOSTERMAN S WAREHOUSE. Bolting Cloths. The articles of this firm's manufacture have gained a wide-spread reputation for superiority and excellence of finish. In ordinary business seasons about forty skilled hands are employed. The members of the firm are James Bradford and Jacob K. Stuart. H. Closterman's ex- tensive Chair Manufac- tories are situated at 219, 221, and 223 West Second Street. T h e warerooms are 84 feet front, 100 feet deep, and five stories in height. The factory is 90 feet front, 100 feet deep, and six stories in height. The firm ordinarily em- ploy about 325 workmen. They manufacture Wood- seat Chairs, Cane-seat Chairs, Split-seat Chairs, Children's Chairs, Office Chairs, Library Chairs, Sewing Chairs, Kocking Chairs, Wood- top Tables, Marble-top Tables, Stools, Hat Trees, Parlor Furniture, etc. The business was established in the year 1843. The trade of H. Closterman extends over the United States. For wealthy people in large cities a great deal of costly foreign furniture is still imported, and foreign styles are adopted by many of our manufacturers; but in certain specialties, such as office and school furniture, and in Chair-making, the American cabinet-makers surpass all others. Chairs, made from maple, beech, and other native woods, with India rattan split and woven seats, are made by thousands of dozens in sev- eral large manufactories, and are distributed, not H - CLOSTERMAN'S CHAIR FACTORY. only throughout the United States, but by exportation to all parts of Canada. South America, and Europe. KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 269 FRONT STREET. FRONT STREET is a mercantile and manufacturing street. Many of the very largest Manufactories in the city are situated both on its east and west ends. The corner of Walnut is about the mercantile center of Front Street. The Boiler Yards and Works of M'llvain & Spiegel are situ- ated at the south-west corner of Lawrence and Second Streets, and were established in the year 1 855. The yards, work-shops, forges, offices, etc., cover an area of about 20,000 square feet, and in ordinary business there are about forty hands constantly employed. The firm manu- facture Locomotive, Fire Box, Tubular, and all styles of Boilers, M ILVAIN & SPIEGEL. Tanks, Kettles, Air Vessels, etc. In addition, have a large repairing trade (city and country), which is promptly attended to. The mem- bers of the firm are Thomas M'llvain, William Spiegel. The Fire and Burglar Proof Safe manufactory of Mosler, Bah- man & Co. is situated at the south-w T est corner of Front and Elm Streets, and Nos. 168, 170, 172, and 174 Water Street, and covers nearly two acres of ground. The business was established in the year 18G6. The shops of the various departments are furnished with the most improved and costly machinery of every description needed for the prosecution of an extensive business. In ordinary busy seasons about four hundred skilled workmen are employed. The firm manu- facture all descriptions of Fire and Burglar Proof Safes, Bank Vaults, 270 KENNY'S- ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. MOSLER, BAHMAN & CO. Locks, etc. The members of the firm are M. Hosier, F. Bahman, J. V. Maescher, H. Moeser, and F. Naeher. The Miami To- bacco Warerooms of Wayne &Ratter- mann is one of the finest in the city, and is situated at Nos. 122, 124, 126, Front Street, between Kace and Elm Streets. The business was es- | tablished in 1860. The warehouse has a frontage of 75 feet and a depth of 205 I feet. It affords ac- c o m m o d a t i o n for 2,500 hogsheads of! tobacco. Each hogs- 1 head containing an average of about j 1,200 pounds. The firm are known as WAYNE & RATTERMANN. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 271 auction warehousemen, and their business consists of the daily sell- ing of Leaf Tobacco in original packages, either at auction or at private sale, of all tobaccos raised in this country and Cuba. The ' members of the firm are James S. Wayne and J. H. Hatter man'n. WILLIAM KESOR The Stove Manufacturing establishment of "William Resor &; Co. is situated at corner Smith and Front Streets, and is one of the most extensive in the Western States. The offices and warerooms are situated in Eesor's beautiful building, corner of Race and Front 272 * KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. Streets (see engraving). The house was established in the year 1819. They manufacture all descriptions of Coal and Wood Stoves. In the manufactory about 250 hands are constantly employed. The great variety of articles made in this line of manufacture precludes the possibility of an enumeration here, but among the most widely known Stoves of the firm's manufacture are the following: Monitor, Fashion, and Champion Cooking Stoves; Red Cross, Ruby, and Asteroid Heating Stoves. The Works of Messrs. J. A. Pay & Co., a view of whose extensive buildings is given on the opposite page, are situated on the corner of John and Front Streets. This is one of the oldest, largest, and best known of the many enterprising manufactories of this city. Their history, since their organization in 1841, has been one of steady growth and marked progress in all that pertains to the invention and improvement of Wood-working Tools, and to-day they are recognized as being the most extensive and celebrated makers of this class of machinery in this country, if not in the world. Their productions, which are the standard of excellence in workmanship and variety, and in the combination and adaptation of the latest improvements to the uses for which they are intended, have a world-wide reputation. Their establishment covers over 50,000 square feet of floor space, and is equipped and fitted out with the very best and most improved labor-saving tools known, rendering it one of the finest of the kind in the world. They have room, machinery, and facilities to give em- ployment to 500 workmen. Their trade is large and well established. They send their machines to every part of the country, and need no introduction here to any one posted or interested in wood-working tools. They have machines in operation in Britain, Germany, Japan, South America, Australia, and almost every part of the world where such machinery is used. The highest medals and commendations have been awarded them for their superiority wherever exhibited, both in this country and in Europe. Among the prominent Wood Working Machines manufactured by J. A. Fay & Co., are the following, namely : Surface Planing Machines, Double Surface Planing Machines, Planing and Matching Machines, Matching and Beading Machines, Planing, Matching, and Beading Machines, Molding and Sash Machines. The American Wood Worker, Edge Molding and Shaping Machines, Edge Molding and Friezing Machines and Sawing Machines. The Band Sawing Machines ;i >]M-cialty. Boring Machines, S^ar Sill Dressing Machines. Tenoning Machines, Blind Wiring Machines, Power Mortising Machines, etc. 274 KENNY'S ILL USTEA TED CINCINNA TI. THE MANUFACTORIES. ON the first day of January, 1875 (Sixth Annual Report Board of Trade), Cincinnati had 4,469 manufacturing establishments, with a cash capital of 563,149,085 invested; the value of real estate occu- pied being $52,151,680. There were 60,999 hands employed, and the value of the products amounted to $144,207,371. The exports of Cincinnati, for 1874, were $221,536,852, and the imports $331,177,055. AYilliam Means, Esq., has furnished the following article on The Iron Trade of Cincinnati. The principal eastern cities are large consumers of English and Scotch Pig Irons, and of late are the chief markets for the anthracite regions of New York and Penn- sylvania. In the West the largest producers and consumers of coke irons are Pittsburg, Chicago, and St. Louis. Cincinnati is not a pro- ducer of pig iron to any extent, but is in no way dependent on either of the sources mentioned for her supply. This city lies almost con- tiguous to the rich and productive iron districts of the Hanging Rock region, and is the recipient of the greater portion of the iron made in Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, and Virginia. It is about the center of population and mineral resources, aud is the cheapest and best market for all grades of pig iron in the United States. -Its central position makes it the distributing point for a large radius. Upward of one hundred and fifty blast furnaces forward a large portion of their metal to this point, for consumption or reshipment to the manufacturing towns of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, while large shipments are made to St. Louis, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago, and to Canada. Cincinnati is a large consumer of iron in its various forms. Five hundred firms are engaged in manufacturing and dealing in iron in its various forms, and the pig iron trade of Cincinnati alone amounts to about twenty-five million of dollars per annum. Recent developments in Georgia and Alabama, showing the abundance and cheapness of iron ores and timber, have directed attention to that section for the future production of charcoal iron, and a number of blast furnaces are already sending metal to this market which rival in quality the most celebrated for all purposes. The works of Lane & Bodley are situated at the south-east corner of John and Water Streets. The business was established in the year 1850. The establishment consists of five buildings, and is divided into six departments. In the illustrations, views of the exterior of the main buildings, the foundry, the boiler shop, and the KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 275 finishing shop are shown. Among the leading articles manufactured by this establishment are the following: Stationary and Portable Engines, Boilers, Saw Mills, Grist Mills, Brass and Iron Castings, Shafting, Steam and Hydraulic Elevators, and several leading Wood Working Machines. Their machines are shipped to all parts of the United States. Employ about three hundred men. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 279 Greo. O. Miller & Son's Carriage Factory and Salesrooms are situated at 19 and 21 West Seventh Street. This is among the most extensive of the manufactories of Cincinnati, and was established in the year 1827. The buildings have a frontage on Seventh Street of sixty feet, a depth of 270 feet, and are six stories in height. The whole working space covers an area of about 85,000 square feet. The show rooms are situated on the first and second floor of the Seventh Street building, and contain samples of the newest styles of modern carriages, among which are Glass and Leather-top Landaus, Claren- dons, Coaches, Landaulettes, Demi Landaus, Coupes, Coupelettes, four GEORGE C. MILLER & SONS. and six-seat Rockaways, Park Phaetons, Victorias, Basket and Pan- eled, Pony and Business Phaetons, Barouches and Buggies in variety. Double and Single Patent Side-spar Wagons for light driving, Skele- ton Wagons and Sulkies. The firm rank deservedly high as carriage builders, their work being characterized by a degree of strength and elegance combined that can not be outrivaled. The members of the firm are John M. Miller and Jeptha G. Miller. B. Bruce Hunt Street, east of Broad- r way, and were & established in Q the year 1852. The firm man- ufactures all descriptions of Coal and Wood Stoves. The manufactory covers an area of about 8,900 sq u a r e feet. Nearly 200 hands are kept constantly em- ployed. The of- fices and retail ware- rooms are situated at No. 21 Fifth Street. The following are a 286 ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. few of the leading styles of Stoves made by the Company: Charter Emporia, Wood, Cooking Stove; Emporia, Wood, Cooking Stove; Arcola, Hot Blast, Wood, Cooking Stove; Omaha, Coal, Cooking Stove; Monogram, Coal, Cooking Stove; Triumph, Coal, Cooking Stove; Chief, Coal, Heating Stove; Avon, Coal, Heating Stove. The members of the firm are A. E. Chainberlin, O. N. Bush, F. V. Cham- berlin, C. S. Sargent. The Stove Works of Redway & Burton are situated ^at Ninth and Harriet Streets. The .offices and salesrooms are at No. 80 Race Street. The foundry, which is one of the largest of the kind in the city, covers nearly one and a half acres of ground, and there are about two hundred hands constantly employed. The firm was estab- REDWAY & BURTON. lished in the year 1857. They manufacture all descriptions of Coal and Wood Stoves. The following are but a few of their leading pat- terns: New, Early Breakfast, "first-class" Wood Cooking Stove, twelve sizes; Everlasting, "first-class" Coal Cooking Stove, twelve sizes; New Greenback, "cheap," Wood Cooking Stove, eight sizes; Target, "cheap," Coal Cooking Stove, three sizes; and a complete assortment Heating Stoves for Coal and Wood. The trade of the house extends throughout the Western and Southern States. The members of the firm are Albert J. Redway and Stephen R. Burton. The Great Western Planing and Flooring Mill of Loug-head & Porter is situated at No. 22 Hannibal Street, between Fifth and cth Streets, west of, and adjoining, the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad Depot, and was established in the year 1851 The KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 288 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. firm manufacture Doors, Sash, Pivot and Panel Shutters, Door and Window Frames, Mantels, Moldings, Organ Fronts, Altar I Wainscoting, Book-cases, etc. About ninety men are employed, members of the firm are E. R. Longhead and Andrew Porter. The new Soap and Candle Manufactory of the old established firm of M. Werk & Co. has just been completed, at the corner of John and Poplar Streets, and takes the place of the establishment which was burned down in the month of November, 1874. The new manu- factory has been furnished with new machinery and appliances, and M. WERK & CO. is now considered the most complete in the West. The firm was established in the year 1832. Soap and Candles are the principal articles manufactured by this company, and a large number of hands are kept in constant employment. The members of the firm are M. W T erk, M. Schwartz, and C. Werk. The Mo-wry Car and Wheel "Works are the most extensive manufacturers of Car Wheels in Cincinnati or the West. They are KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 289 situated on the bank of the Ohio, about one mile above the Little Miami Railroad Depot. The different buildings consist of foundry, forge, finishing, pattern, and other shops, besides large yards for coal, iron, etc., covering altogether about five acres of ground. They manu- facture all descriptions of Railroad and Street Car f Wheels, and build MOWRY CAR WHEEL WORKS. all kin*}* or Railroad Freight Cars, and have, during the past twenty- five years, supplied most of the leading roads in the United States. N. G. Green is the general superintendent. The Oil Worivs of Gest & Atkinson form an L shape, running from Eggleston Avenue to Fifth and Culvert Streets, having a frontage of 87 feet on Eggleston Avenue, 165 feet on Culvert Street, and 97 feet on Fifth Street, and comprise a series of brick buildings, all connected, and covering an area of 30,000 square feet. The press-rooms are 30 feet below ground, having subterranean connection, with which is connected an ice-house of 600 tons capacity, enabling oil to be manu- factured the year round at Winter temperature. This factory is the most complete of its kind in the United States for the preparation of Lard and Grease Oils, and the refining of Lard and Tallow. The business was established about the year 1850 by Messrs. Smith & Winslow, to whom the present owners succeeded in 1867. Their product embraces Lard Oil of all grades, Tallow Oil, the refining of Cotton-seed Oil, Oils for railway and steamship use, the refining of Lard and Tallow, and the manufacture of Candles for railway coaches. There are in use about one hundred tanks of all kinds, from twenty-five barrels to three hundred barrels capacity ; and the iron piping used, if put in line, would reach about four miles. The product of the works, when the presses are used to their full capacity, exceeds two hundred barrels per day of Oil and Stearine. 290 KENNY'S ILL V8TRA TED- C1NCINNA TI. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 291 The Car Wheel Works of John Nash & Co., of which the engraving is an illustration, are situated at the south-west corner of Sixth and Carr Streets, and cover about 30,000 square feet of ground. The firm was established in the year 1856. They manufacture all descriptions of Railroad, Machine, Bridge, and Rolling Mill Castings, besides Railroad Hand and Coal Car Wheels of all sizes and qualities. The railroad track connects the establishment with all roads centering in the city. The following sizes of wheels are always on hand: 33 inch, Compromise Tread, 575 and 545 Ibs. weight; 33 inch, Narrow Tread, 510 Ibs.; 33 inch, Plate Truck, 550 Ibs.; 31 inch, Plate Car, 540 JOHN NASH & CO. Ibs.; 30 inch, Plate Truck, 480 Ibs.; 30 inch, Plate Tender, 460 Ibs.; 28 inch, Plate Truck, 450 Ibs.; 28 inch, Plate Tank, 450 Ibs.; 26 inch, Plate Truck, 440 Ibs.; 24 inch, Plate (single), 350 Ibs.; 30 inch, Hollow Spoke, 500 Ibs.; 28 inch, Hollow Spoke, 460 Ibs.; 26 inch, Hollow Spoke, 400 Ibs. The Architectural Iron and Jail Works of M. Clements, shown in the accompanying engraving, are located at the corner of Baymillcr and Hathaway Streets, fronting on Baymiller Street 100 feet, and on Hathaway Street 150 feet, and opposite the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad Depot. The business was established by the present proprietor in 1863. It is devoted to the manufacture of all kinds of 292 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 293 Architectural Iron and Jail Work, Iron Stairs, Bailing, Bank Vaults, Sky-lights, Boofs, Bedsteads, Doors, Shutters, and all kinds of Iron Work required in the erection of buildings. In ordinary busy seasons over one hundred hands are employed. Messrs. J. W. Graff & Co.'s Distillery, which is presented in the accompanying engraving, is situated in the lower end of the city, between the tracks of the Ohio and Mississippi, the Indianapolis, Cin- cinnati and Lafayette, the Marietta and Cincinnati, the Dayton Short Line, and the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Bailroads, and is not over a hundred feet from the Ohio Biver. The city offiee is at the south-east corner of Fourth and Elm Streets. The distillery, with its stock-pens and adjuncts, covers an area of sixteen acres, with a frcnt- AMES W. GAFF & CO. age of 500 feet. The distillery has a capacity of 16,000 gallons a day, the pens for 4,000 head of cattle and 10,000 head of hogs. The new bonded warehouse is four stories high, with storage room for 30,000 barrels. Nearly 16,000 gallons are now made daily, upon which a tax of seventy cents per gallon is paid to the Government. Estimating the daily tax at $11,200, the annual tax paid amounts to the enormous sum of $3,494,400, or one-fortieth of the entire internal revenue collected by the whole of the United States. Messrs. J. W. Gaff & Co. also keep a large stock of fine old bourbon and rye whiskies, thousands of barrels of which are shipped every year to all our large cities. Their fine whiskies are not redistilled or rectified, but simply allowed to become pure from old age. All grain received into the distillery is taken from the cars direct by an ingenious mechanical apparatus, and is thus handled but once, thereby effecting great saving in time and money. 294 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. SCENES ON THE RIVER. EVEN in the very early, history of Cincinnati only seventy years ago the Ohio Kiver was considered not only the most important, but also the most beautiful, of all the surroundings of the future Queen City of the West. It is, indeed, of surpassing loveliness, especially in the immediate neighborhood of Cincinnati. The graceful curves and bends of the river, exhibiting in the distance one range of hills MOUTH OF THE LICKING RIVER. rising above another, with beautifully rounded heights, and covered, on the Kentucky side, with the verdure of the forest, produce a series of splendid views rarely found. The view at the mouth of the Lick- ing has always been admired. This river is navigable during high water for fifty or sixty miles. On the banks of the Ohio, in the busy season, the large num- ber of steamers loading and discharging their cargoes at the Levee presents a lively and most animated scene. America is essentially a cosmopolitan land, not only at its seaports, as is so frequently the case in Europe, and so invariably in the harbors of England and the const of the Mediterranean, but also in its inland cities. But this is nowhere so perceptible as here, where great cities, upon magnificent rivers, form, as it were, inland ports. This is, perhaps, more percep- KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 295 tible than anywhere else upon the wharfs of Cincinnati. Although far remote from the sea-coast, late Congressional action has constituted it a port of entry, and since the Act was passed her business has vastly grown; and with the increase have arrived Hocks upon flocks of new sojourners. The strangest of all of these seem to congregate upon the Levee. From all parts of the Union they come here as though to some common focus of union. Centrally situated as Cincinnati is, she at- tracts the best and the worst, the most energetic and the most indo- lent, of those who have nothing but their own brawny arms and physical strength to rely upon. The better classes of society are STEAMERS AT THE LEVEE. nearly alike in all countries of Christendom; it is in the lower only that the peculiarities of provincialism or of occupation can be most distinctly per- ceived. To the student of human' nature there are but few places upon the globe where these divergent characteristics can be observed to better advan- tage than by the river. There are white laborers of every degree, negroes of every hue, and of, too often be it said, every note in the. gamut of ignorance. But they are gathered from every State: broken- down adventurers from Maine, ruined tramps from New York, disap- pointed adventurers from Canada, and, as for the colored men, they swarm from every city and village where the Ohio, the Mississippi, the Missouri, and even the Red River of the South, flows into the ocean. In New York the hurry and the bustle and the throng dis- tract the attention of the spectator; here there is just enough to arouse all hrs faculties, not too much to obscure them. 296 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. The view on the Licking represented in the next engraving is full of interest to the pioneers of Cincinnati, so rapidly, alas, passing away. When the city was first founded in its village cradle, a pedantic schoolmaster was requested to give it a name. He compounded a barbarous Anglo-Greek derivative, the principal point of which was that Cincinnati's celebrity, such as it then was, was owing to the fact that she was opposite the Licking. But the times are changed, and we VIEW ON THE LICKING. with them are changed, is a proverb of uni- ^ versal application, and it is doubtful whether any more striking illustration of its truth can be discovered than in the relative growth of our own city and the hamlets upon the Licking. The view, however, is very beautiful. The tributary of the Ohio, flowing between steep, in some places precipitous, banks, passes through a lovely landscape. The primeval forest crowns not a few of its crests, and here and there, as the tourist passes through its fifty miles of navigable water, beautiful specks of lawn, and charming country villas, are presented to his eye. " In a low green valley of the old Kentucky shore " was sung with enthusiasm years ago, and none can fail to realize the sweetness of the thought, and the harmony of- the words and the music KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 297 with nature herself, who has penetrated into valleys of the Upper Licking and the exquisite paths through which the lesser streams pour their tribute to its waters. In high water, and after heavy rains, the Licking is one of the swiftest rivers in the West. In order to correctly understand the situation of the city, the visitor should cross on the steam ferry that leaves the foot of Law- rence Street every few minutes for Newport. While crossing, a splendid view of Mount Adams, crowned with the small Catholic church of the Im- maculate Conception, which stands out clear against the sky and is visible from almost everv part of the city, is obtained. Mount Adams is very interesting from the fact that it is the view* upon the greatest elevation to be obtained from the eastern outskirts of the city. The ground originally formed a portion of the Longworth estate, and was given to the city by the executors upon the sole condition of maintaining an Observa- tory, with a competent professor, upon the spot. For some time this was done, and observations were MOUNT ADAMS AND du ty taken and recorded ; 1m t since the Signal Serv- THE WATER-WORKS, ice has been thoroughly organized in Washington, and the Cincinnati Astronomer placed at its head, the observations have been discontinued, and the instruments, one by one, have been removed, and a new Observatory has lately been built in the north-east, on Mount Lookout. 25 208 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. THE INCLINED PLANES. THE visitor who wishes to obtain, in the shortest time and at the smallest outlay, some of the finest glimpses of Cincinnati and its neighborhood, should visit one or all of the Inclined Planes ail of which can be easily reached by the street-cars and thus easily ascend MOUNT AUBURN INCLINED PLANE. the heights round the city. There are three, the first built of which leads to Mount Auburn. Its success was doubted at first, but it has proved very great. Another, due east, now nearly completed, runs to Mount Adams, the site of the old Observatory, and now crowned by the Catholic Church and the Monastery of the Passion ist Fathers. The third Plane runs due west, up Price's Hill. To give the visitor an idea of the importance of these planes it may be said that this railway cost $100,000. Its length is 788 feet; 700 steps run from the KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 299 foot to the top of the elevator, with a double track in the center. The engine is 70 horse power. The engine house, at the top of the eleva- tor, is 100 feet high, and has a music hall, an art hall, and, on the upper floor, an observatory, to which the approach is also by a steam elevator. Before these planes were erected Mount Auburn was visited by few but the residents, but now it is visited by thousand?. The accompanying engravings will give the visitor some idea of these MOUNT ADAMS FROM THE RAILROAD. planes, but it would be impossible to overestimate their benefit to Cincinnati. The city, like Jerusalem, lies in a valley, and, three or four years ago, projects were mooted for extending its limits by terracing the surface or mining through the surrounding hills. Both proposals were defeated, owing to the enormous expense involved utterly in- adequate to the purpose to be subserved. All interests have now been cheaply and systematically conciliated by the inclined plane railways. 300 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. They surmount the hills to the East, to the North, and to the West, and have, in fact, done more real work for the benefit of the city than some half dozen other ambitious schemes which it would not be dif- ficult to mention. From their summits some of the finest views of MOUNT AUBURN FROM THE READING ROAD. Cincinnati can be seen, j at a short distance lie all the glories of the far-famed suburbs. The pedestrian can thence find famous starting points for a glorious walk on beauti- ful roads winding beneath noble trees and skirting green turf. Pedes- trianism is now being indulged in more than ever before, and it is he alone who can see to the best advantage. In a single word, the planes bring the country, with its pure, invigorating air, to the very gates of the city, and are the natural supplement of a well arranged system of street passenger cars. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 301 THE SUBURBS. THERE is no city, however busy, wealthy, or prosperous, that has ever won to itself world-wide fame without beautiful suburbs. The hills that surrounded, the bays that indented, the outskirts of Athens were as celebrated as the Agora and the Temples. The Appia Via and the Pincian Way that brought the traveler to Koine were far more sacred in his eyes than the forum, the baths, and the theaters of the Eternal City. And as it was in olden time so it is now. What would Naples be without her bay and the slopes of Vesuvius in her back- ground? Paris is a gorgeous city, but its chief charms are, after all, to be most loved in St. Denis for old historic associations, in Versailles for the luxuries of Louis Quatorze, in St. Cloud for the reminiscences of the last Napoleonic Empire. After all, even if we drive up the Rue de Rivoli, under the Arc de Trioinphe, and through the Avenue de L'Imperatrice, we shall have seen but little of the most fascinating aspect of Parisian life until we enter the Bois de Boulogne. Since Constantine transferred the seat of empire, in the fourth century, to the shores of the Bosphorus, Constantinople has been a famous city: but would half the tourists bear her narrow streets and crowded lanes were they not rewarded with a glimpse of Scutari and her beautiful cemeteries opposite, and in the near neighborhood the lovely valley of the Sweet Waters? Lisbon, approached from the Tagus, is one of the most exquisite sites in all Europe; but Cintra, with its mediaeval palaces and Moorish castles, is far more endearing to the memory arid Cintra is but a suburb of Lisbon. Vienna is set, like a precious stone in golden fringe, by the Schonbrunn and the waves of the blue Danube; and London itself owes all its reflected beauty to majestic Windsor, to the fertile fields of Essex and of Kent, to Epping Forest, to Kew and Greenwich and Sydenham, and the garden landscape of its northern approaches. In historic interest Cincinnati, perhaps, can not vie with any of these time-honored cities, but nature herself has poured forth all around her her beauties with a full and kindly hand. The suburbs of the Queen City are equal to any in the world. The green sward and leafy glades of Clifton and Avondale and Walnut Hills and Glendale, the heights and slopes and broad stretches, tree- inclustered, to the West above Price's Hill, the gleaming, winding Ohio on the South, and on every side all around the girdle of hills, dotted with mansions and villas, or crested by the forest, present a 302 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. landscape of natural beauty with which it would be impossible to compare the suburbs of any other city in the Union. To describe them fully would require a volume, but any of the following drives will repay the visitor. NOTE. Hacks can be hired at the following rates : For four per- sons or less the regular tariff is $2 for the first hour and $1.50 for each hour thereafter: but the best plan here, as every-where else, is to make a bargain before starting, when, without reference to time, a hack can be hired for from $5 to $8 for every drive mentioned in this book. (See Diagram of Suburbs.) THE GRAND DRIVE. THE following drive is properly known as the " Grand Drive," and is worthily named. Not only does it take the visitor through some of the most beautiful scenes of the famous suburbs of the Queen City, but as he mounts the hills or passes up or down the declines, he will have a view of Cincinnati herself in many respects more charm- ing than any which can be obtained elsewhere. No lover of the pic- turesque can fail to admire its rich and manifold beauties. The Drive comprises a trip through Avondale, the Zoological Garden, the Bur- net Woods, Clifton, and views of the Mill Creek Valley, Spring Grove, and many other charming landscapes. The roads for the entire dis- tance are good, and for most of the route the perfection of macadam- ization. The grades are easy, with the single exception of the first ten minutes while climbing the hill of Sycamore Street and on the Drive are to be seen the greatest number of handsome cottages, elegant mansions, and princely residences that abound in the neighborhood of the city. Directions. From the Post-office proceed East on Fourth Street three squares. Turn to the left up Sycamore Street. At Webster Street there is a fine view of Mount Adams on the right, with the In- clined Plane and Lookout House of Mount Auburn on the left. On the left, on Sycamore Street, is the German Reformed Evangelical Church, with steeple 160 feet high, surmounted by a figure of the angel Gabriel blowing a trumpet a fac-simile of a church to be seen at Frankfort-on-the-Main. At the summit of the hill, and on the right, Hopkins Park, although small, is well planted, affording fine views. From this point are obtained views on the right of Eden Park and Walnut Hills. Turn to the left and proceed on Auburn Avenue through Mount Auburn. The Bodman homestead (tobacco million- KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI, 803 aires) stands on the right, with a long) shaded avenue house barely visible. On the left, back from the road, on the summit of a steep hill commanding splendid views, is seen the Mount Auburn Young Ladies' Institute; farther on the left, with fine lawn, the Protestant Orphan Asylum. At the corner of Summit Avenue, on the left, and just beyond the Asylum, the splendid square massive residence of M. White, Cashier Fourth National Bank. Opposite, on the right, in modern French style, with a square tower 85 feet high, is the mansion of A. H. Hinkle, the entrance a stone portico, flanked by verandas. On the left, St. George's Catholic Church, with double towers. On RESIDENCE OF JOHN SHIL- LITO, ESQ. the left, the Mount Auburn Water-works, from which the great Fount- ain on Fifth Street is supplied. On the right pass Mount Auburn Presbyterian Church. On the left, an extensive view of College Hill, Glendale, 12 miles dis- tant, is visible. On the left, an old homestead of Jason Evans, one of the oldest settlers. Turn to the left into Highland Avenue; a short distance to the mansion of John Shillito. Turn to the right into Oak Avenue, passing along the north side of Shillito's mansion. The house and grounds cover one entire square. The style is Elizabethan ; the material, blue lime stone; the entrance, a magnificent stone porch, 11 by 8 J feet, faced within and without with tooled stone work. 304 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. The interior contains the main hall, 20 feet wide, with old English fireplace for wood, 6 feet wide; over it an elegantly wrought black walnut mantel, with three human figures, representing Peace, Plenty, and Harmony. A magnificent staircase of black and white walnut, carved and polished. In the drawing-room a pure white Italian man- tel shelf, supported by statues representing Summer and Winter, with a large French mirror. The floor is of rare marquetry^ work ; splen- did alayere in mosaic. The whole interior richly wainscoted with polished woods. The apartments are all frescoed. It was erected in 1866. James W. M'Laughlin, architect. Half a square farther on the left is the mansion of A. D. Bul- lock, the great street-railroad manager. Style, Italian; material, blue limestone, with free stone caps and water tables; square, ivy- covered tower, 64 feet. The roof is covered with blue slate. En- trance, massive stone porch, 19 by 12 feet. The interior halls are 15 feet wide and 61 feet in length. An imposing staircase of old English style, black and white walnut. The floors generally are of exquisite marquetry. A fine conservatory is on the east side. The grounds are richly variegated, 9 acres in extent. Turn to the left into the Beading Boad, and proceed toward Avondale, three quarters of a mile distant. Extensive nurseries are at both sides of the road. Pass, on the right, Avondale Park, where a Summer resort hotel and restaurant is conducted in first-class style by the well-known caterer, "Lew Bowman. Then proceed to Main Avenue, Avondale. On the left, at the corner of Main and Linden Avenues, on a beautiful knoll with a fine lawn in front, is the resi- dence of C. II. West. On the right, extensive prospects are seen, Nor- wood Heights in the far distance; on the left, the Avondale school - house 3 with tower and clock ; on the left corner of Bockdale Avenue, the residence of Mr. Thomas Lambert. Turn to the left into Forest Avenue, and proceed toward the Zoological Gardens. The first fine house on the right is the residence of Louis Van Antwerp, with hand- some grounds and smooth lawn. Cross Washington Avenue. On the left, Grace Church, Avondale ; on the right, the fine residence and grounds of Chas. Hoefer. After passing through a deep cut, the north gate to the Zoological Gardens is on the left. Time from the Post-office to this gate, one hour. Alight for ten minutes ; walk through the Garden and order the carriage to the Carthage gate, or ride to the Carthage gate. The Zoological Gardens. These Gardens contain a fraction over 66 acres. The grounds are owned by a corporation known as the "Zoological Society of Cincinnati," with a capital of $300,000 in 6,000 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 305 THE BEAR PITS, ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. shares of 50 each. The Society leased the grounds for 99 years, re- newable forever. The following are some of the principal inclosures for the housing and care of the animals : A buffalo house, with a drink- ing and bathing pool ; parks for deer and elk ; a stone structure for the carnivorous tribes; an octagonal stone monkey house; three large bear pits, with a building of dressed limestone, sand-stone, and. iron; and a kangaroo house. The stone tenement for the carnivora is 146 by 74 feet in dimensions, and contains 20 cages, with walks for visitors. The rotunda for spectators in the center of the mon- key house is 30 feet in diameter. Then comes a fine aviary of lime- stone, 340 feet in length by .about 20 in depth. Enter- ing the Garden, the first building directly in front, is the bear pits. Keep the build- ing on your right, and, making the circuit of the road, passing the monkey house and the buffalo house, the new extensive building on the hill to the right is the Restaurant. The views from different points in the Garden are very fine. The Zoological Gardens are a comparatively new element THE MONKEY HOUSE. 306 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. in the attractions of Cincinnati, but there is every reason to believe in their ultimate success. The Restaurant, represented in the next engraving, was designed by Mr. M'Laughlin, one of the most eminent architects in the city. It stands upon high ground, and commands, on either side, a series of beautiful views. It is three stories in height the first and second, like so many of the old and better class mansions of the old Signers of Bretagne and Normandy, surrounded by verandas. Take the carriage again at the Carthage gate, and proceed on the Carthage Road toward the Burnet Woods; turn to the right into Lud- low Avenue. Clifton. On the left are Burnet Woods. The Avenue entering the Woods is Beechwood Avenue. (If time permits, drive into the THE RESTAURANT, ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Woods as far as desired, and return to this point.) Proceed to the corner of Ludlow and Brookline Avenues. Here Clifton proper commences. The district now begins to exhibit the distinguishing characteris- tics which have made Clifton one of the garden-spots of America, known as widely as Cincinnati herself. Hill, dale, lawn, ravine, field, and forest, interspersed with bright evergreens and shrubbery, blossom with shady nooks and sunny glades, in which nestle the roomy, cool verandas and graveled walks of the fine homes of Clifton. Turn to the right into Brookline Avenue. On the left is the unos- tentatious but handsome residence of E. T. Kidd, one of the proprie- tors of the Cincinnati Gazette. The house is in the Italian style of architecture, with a double story bay-window at the angle of the house. From this point there is an extensive prospect, embracing Longview Asylum at Carthage. Turn to the left into Glenway KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 307 RESIDENCE OF E. T. KIDD, ESQ. Avenue, and soon again to the right into Clifton Avenne. On the left are the finely arranged and extensive grounds of James Andrews. This is the main artery of the village. On the right, with grounds artistically ornamented, stands the residence of Capt. Bugher; on the left, the fine residence of Theodore Cook. The next house on the right is B. F. Whitman's ; on the left, directly opposite, Capt. Robert Hos'ea, one of the village pioneers. On the right, beautifully situated, the RESIDENCE OF GAZZAM GANO, ESQ. 308 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. residence of Gazzam Gano. On the left is the Kesor Academy, or Clifton Hall, with square tower and clock (used for purposes of amusement and instruction). Opposite the Academy, on the right, the house and grounds of the late Wm. Kesor, said to be the hand- somest lawn in Clifton. On the left, J. L. Wayne, directly opposite the ivy-mantled, beautifully situated, and cozy Calvary Episcopal Church. On the left, the splendid mansion and grounds of Win. Gib- son. Down in the vale, near the church, Mr. Espy, the banker, has a romantic cottage. On the right is the noble building and grand lawn of Thos. Sherlock. Opposite are the residences of Jas. Morrison and Mr. Pedretti, the Italian fresco artist. Turn to the left into Lafayette Avenue, leaving the seat formerly RESIDENCE OF WILLIAM GIBSON, ESQ. occupied by J. B. Bennett, the great insurance magnate, on the right. At the corner of Lafayette Avenue is the residence of Wm. P. Neff; on the right, the fine house of Emanuel Miller; on the right, just be- yond, the handsome home of O. J. Wilson, surrounded by extensive lawns. On the right, the grand gate in process of erection, and the mansion of Henry Probasco. This is ranked among the notable sights of Clifton. The style is Anglo-Norman, with round tower. The massive stone ter- race extends the full length of the front. The entrance is through a magnificent stone porch, with Norman arches. At the north-east end a porte cor.hcre. Interior, a grand hall 15 by 70 feet. The house contains expensive pictures, rare mosaics, and superb furniture; the library a rich collection of rare and valuable books, including nearly a hundred KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 309 copies of editions of the Bible, some in vellum, and in different lan- guages; also, early illuminated manuscripts of the twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries in -several languages, many of the most valuable in Italian, besides specimens of the earliest printing, and richly illustrated modern works of great cost. On the grounds are Kiss's "Amazon," in bronze (of these there are but three in exist- ence) ; in marble, "Sans Souci," by Ives; "Reading Girl," by Magin; "Cordelia," by Connolly; "Innocence," by Fedi, of Florence; and RESIDENCE OF HENRY PROBASCO, ESQ. " Ruth," by Rogers. The view from the grounds forms a splendid panorama, and in the grounds there is a most valuable collection of evergreens, many from the Pyrenees, Himalayas, and Rocky Mount- ains. The conservatory is extensive. The rosarium contains four thousand roses, besides variegated leaf plants. On the right, a short distance from Probasco's, stands the superb edifice of George K. Shoenberger. The entrance to the grounds diverges on a slight incline from Clifton Avenue. Entrance to the grounds, from which the very finest views may be obtained, is .per- mitted when Mr. Shoenberger is at home. Entering, follow the 310 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. carriage road, and stop at this side of the house. From this point the spectator may see the wide valley 200 feet below him. The eye can wander over a broad expanse of field and forest teeming with life. The great avenue in the distance crowded with pleasure-seekers; the beautiful cemetery of Spring Grove, with its lines of stately monu- ments; the numerous railroad tracks, and the trains themserves RESIDENCE OF GEO. K. SHOENBERGER, ESQ. looking but small in the distance, all compose a landscape rarely to be surpassed. The immediate view of the noble building itself is like some lordly castle of the old feudal times rearing its castellated towers above a lawn of exquisite richness, and increases the beauty of the whole spectacle where lawn and tower, battlement, castle, cliff, and wide-spread valley, with its meandering Mill Creek and shining meadows, are the component parts of a picture long to be remembered. Shorenberger's is in style Gothic, of the French domestic order. Ma- terial, blue limestone. The main tower is 14 by 20 feet, 80 feet high. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 311 The walls are uncoursed Ashlar work. The roof is blue slate. The area of the ground floor 10,000 square feet. The entrance is through a magnificent cut stone porch, 12 by 18 feet, which opens immediately to the main hall, 20 feet wide, 26 feet deep. The porte cocker e is of cut freestone, 16 by 26 feet. The building and place is called " Scarlet Oaks." There is a picture gallery and an extensive library, besides billiard-rooms, all richly frescoed, and wainscoted with hard, polished woods. The architect, James K. Wilson. On the left, the beautiful grounds and elegant modern residence of H. B. Bissel, one of Cincinnati's bankers. The views from Mr. RESIDENCE OF HON. RICHARD SMITH. Bissel's embrace all to be seen from Shoenberger's, except the near side-view of the valley. The grounds are cultivated to the highest point of perfection. On the left, a short distance from the road, with a private carriage-way leading to it, the stately mansion of Wm. Clifford NeflT, in grounds partially covered with forest timber, 25 acres in extent. Material, blue limestone. Tower and observatory, 85 feet. Porte cochere,19 feet square. Interior main hall, 15 by 32 feet. Com- mands superb views. On the right, just at the turn of the avenue, is the gate and lodge to the residence of Mrs. R. B. Bowler. This was once the house of George II. Pendleton. The scenes from here are again nearly the same as from Shoenberger's, with the addition of splendid views of 312 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. the Kentucky hills. The building is of brick, stuccoed, with broad porches. The greenhouses, ten in number, the most extensive in Clif- ton, are filled with the richest native and exotic flowers. They in- clude 90 varieties of camellias, 60 of begonias, and the sago palm, with a trunk a foot in diameter; also, a splendid specimen of the century plant, the Agave Americana, the finest in the country. The orchid house contains the largest collection to be found in the United States. There is also a banana house with eight banana trees in full bloom. The grounds are covered with English and Norway pines, besides ash, maple, willow, English elm, Tartarian maple, and varieties of the linden. On the lake, which ornaments the grounds, are a pair of black and white swans, said to be the oldest in the United States. Turn to the left into Ludlow Avenue. On the left are the resi- dence and extensive grounds of John Morrison. The next house of importance on the right is the residence of Richard Smith, Editor of the Gazette. It commands an extensive view, which embraces the whole of the finest portion of Clifton. The building is of brick, with an observatory. Spacious porticoes flank the house on all sides, and a beautiful background is formed by the dense woods. Pass Beech- wood Avenue on the right (the road leading into Burnet Woods), and return to the city down Vine-street Hill. Time, 5 hours. DRIVE NO. 2. To Price's Hill and Mount St. Mary's Seminary, to Warsaw, to Peter- borough, and Return by the Harrison Pike. THE Western Hills present the greatest variety of grand and beau- tiful scenery. Immense stretches of woods and an extensive open country, are the principal features. Leaving the city completely in the rear, the visitor loses its darkness and smoke, and along beautiful roads then drives through a country that, in its natural beauties, de- lights and refreshes the tourist. This drive is just the reverse of No. 1. In the former art goes hand in hand with nature; in this, nature reigns alone. This country has only just been made accessible to the masses through the erection of Price's Inclined Plane. Directions. From the Post-office east on Fourth Street to Race ; up Race to Eighth Street; along Eighth Street -to the Warsaw Pike, below Mill Creek; up Price's Hill, leaving the Inclined Plane on the left and Mount St. Mary's Seminary on the right. Mount St. Mary's Seminary is built on the highest ground in the vicinity of Cincinnati, and stands a little to the north-west of the 314 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. Inclined Plane, and at a much higher elevation above the river. The college is designed exclusively for the preparation of young men for the priesthood, and has already entered upon the twenty-third year of its existence, with a yearly average of 130 pupils. Theology is, of course, deeply and thoroughly studied, but the course of education in- cludes the classics, history, modern languages, mathematics, and the sciences almost every thing, in fact, that is taught at Oxford, at Cambridge, or at Harvard. The seminary itself consists of a center building and two wings. It is embowered in a nest of beautiful trees, of Austrian and Norway pines, of elm and maple and walnut and willows casting their broad shadows over the green lawns below. High up in a niche in the south end of the south wing is placed an image of St. Charles Borromeo, the patron saint of seminaries, clad in his priestly robes. The buttresses and the mullioned windows are very beautiful and in fine taste. Upon arriving at the grand eastern entrance to the main building, the visitor is led into a spacious hall with a billiard room upon the right and a reception room upon the left. The large picture in the fatter, with its rich coloring and well grouped figures representing Mary and the Babe and the Magi, was painted by Father Pabisch, the present president of the seminary, and to his artistic skill is also due the Baptism of St. John, forming the altar-piece in the chapel. The chapel is beautiful with its high pitched roof and early English lancet windoAvs, and large enough to provide seats for the seminarists, the students, and a number of visitors, who frequently attend the masses upon Sundays. Under the altar are sacred relics the bones of St. Felicitas presented from Home. The refectory, the class-rooms, the dormitories and the infirmary are all large and airy, and comfortably if plainly furnished. The library up-stairs, to which all the students under certain rules have free access, is one of the glories not only of the Seminary, but of the country. It contains in all the learned ancient and modern languages a magnificent collection of about 14,900 volumes, embraced in a catalogue of 426 pages printed in 1874, and a supplement of 24, being the additions up to 1875. There is a Bible printed in Low German as long ago as 1480, and another in High German in 1483. There is a splendid work in French, "Actes et Histoire du Concile CEcumenique de Home," in 3 volumes, embellished with portraits of all the cardinals and the other more distinguished bishops and digni- taries who took part in the deliberations. There is a Biblia Polyglotta in 10 large folio volumes, and Walton's edition in 8. There are 60 ponderous volumes of the complete " Acta Sanctarum," the only per- KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 315 feet copy in the State, perhaps in the West. There are 217 volumes of the Latin fathers, and nearly all the Greek. Father Pabisch has deposited here 6 unbound volumes of the " Catacombs of Rome," pub- lished under the direction of the late French Imperial Government, and purchased at the outlay of $300 in gold for each. There are more than 100 different editions of the- Bible. There are the sermons of Peter Damian in manuscript of the Fourteenth Century; the works of all the leading theological writers in English, Latin, French, and German; a beautiful collection of hagiology, including several copies of Alban Butler's " Lives of the Saints," illustrated works upon art, history, poetry, criticism, and travel, nor is even the lighter literature altogether omitted. In a word, it is a library of which any college in the land might be justly proud, and the cultivated stranger will long to linger over its tables or read and think in one of its seven quiet alcoves. The lofty roof of the College is surmounted by a castellated bell- turret, from the top of which, beyond all question, a more magnificent view of the city and the surrounding country can be had than from any other point. There are, indeed, few views in America to equal it. The eye of the visitor standing upon a lofty building upon a lofty site ranges over hill and dale dotted with homesteads and farms, and covered with beautiful trees and the freshest turf, while upon the south winds the noble Ohio, and to the east the roofs of the busy city are clustered under his feet. To the north-east, at the distance of 12 miles, is seen the convent of Notre Dame, and nearer the towers of the Schutzenfest, which, though erected upon a hill, appear almost under the feet. On the other side of Mill Creek, Clifton, with its charming landscapes, St. Patrick's Church, in Cumminsville, and St. George's, on Vine-street Hill, are plainly visible. Eastward are seen Walnut Hills, East and West, and the monastery of the Passionist Fathers upon Mount Adams, with the whole valley of the city proper, with all its thousands of houses and church-spires, lying between. On the south and to the south-east are the Suspension Bridge and the New- port Bridge, spanning the river and the two sister cities, with their background of tree-covered hills. Nearly due west, bathed perhaps in the light of the setting sun, are the walls of the convent of Mount St. Vincent, garlanded with woods and shrubberies, and every-where, for a stretch of nearly twenty miles, clusters of trees, cottages, and villas, with crops gro\ving in the well-cultured fields and cattle graz- ing upon the rich pastures. Almost beneath, to the south-east, are the flag-staff at the top of Price's Hill and the old home of Ephrairn 316 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. Morgan, the old Quaker pioneer. No visitor to Cincinnati should dream of leaving the city without paying a visit to this admirable seminary, and feasting his eyes with all the charms of this unrivaled landscape. If time allows, he should stay till late in the evening, to witness the glorious sunset, and watch the effects of the myriads of lamps gleaming in the distant streets and flashing along the avenues. After leaving the seminary we pass, on the right, W. Blanchard's residence, and still on the right Mr. Hal Young's mansion and grounds, comprising thirty acres of farm land, garden, and orchard. The house is well built and the grounds tastefully laid out Oppo- site is Mrs. Boyle's large stone mansion and grounds of twenty RESIDENCE OF MRS. BOYLE. acres. It is one of the finest residences in the State. Next on the left is the old homestead of Mr. C. L. Moore, built twenty-five years ago, and a little way on the road branches out on the left to the St. Joseph Catholic Cemetery, a quarter of a mile to the south. The old St. Lawrence School-house, now used as a Catholic Church, is upon the right, and opposite the residence and pretty grounds of Mr. N. S. Jones. Adjoining this, and built at great cost by Mr. James Carson, is the present residence of Mr. Charles Wilder. Then comes a hamlet called Glen Grove, and then, on the left, the Mount St. Vincent Academy. The academy was originally the private residence of Mr. Alderson, and called the Cedars. It then contained thirty-three acres, and since its purchase by the Sisters of Charity, on the 10th March, 1857, twenty acres have been added. In 18? 8 a new building was commenced for scholastic purposes. The pupils average eighty- five, and are taught by the Sisters of the institute. The fundamental KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 317 principle is to train a novitiate, educated in all the learning and accomplishments of the present day, and thus to form a corps of com- petent teachers. The total cost of tuition, including board and lodg- ing, for the whole year, and instruction in English, German, Fancy Needlework and Vocal Music, is $225. For Latin, Painting in oil or water colors, Instrumental Music, including the use of the piano, etc., some small extra charges are made. The tuition and the care of the Sisterhood is of the most exemplary and devoted character. The Sis- terhood is the Mother-house of the Community, and have under their charge the Good Samaritan of Cincinnati, the Orphan Asylum at Cumminsville, and the Foundling Asylum of Avondale. There are also twenty hospitals and mission schools under their control and super- vision, among which are the orphan asylum and hospital at Santa Fe, New Mexico. From this point to Warsaw the road descends gradually through an undulating, beautifully wooded, country, with here and there a hamlet. The landscape is peculiarly charming on all sides until the visitor reaches Warsaw, a village of 1,000 souls, about three and a half miles from the Cincinnati Post-office. After a drive of three-quarter mile turn to the right dov, r n Lick Bun Pike, crossing Warsaw Pike, by well cultivated farms and picturesque scenery. Then reach Petersborough, a German settlement of kfty souls, about two miles from Warsaw. About one-third mile fur- ther enter the Harrison Pike, near the old Ernst Station, now called Brighton, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad. Then cross the railroad and return home via the M'Lean Avenue or the Western Avenue to Freeman Street, and so return by any of the streets running east. Time, four hours. DRIVE NO. 3. To the Cemetery of Spring Grove. FROM the Post-office proceed west on Fourth to Race Street ; then north on Race 10 Seventh; then west on Seventh to Mound; then north to Eighth; then west on Eighth to Baymiller; thence north to Dayton ; then west on Dayton to Freeman, and north to the Avenue, from which Spring Grove is entered. The Avenue is a hundred feet in width, and bordered on each side by noble trees, presenting a long and beautiful vista. The center is admirably adapted both for carriages and the saddle, and street-passenger cars run to and from the Grove on either hand. It is one of the most celebrated drives in 318 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. the neighborhood. The organization of the owners of the Cemetery of Spring Grove was begun on the 14th of April, 1844, when a num- ber of the leading citizens of Cincinnati assembled, and appointed a committee to select a site. The old Garrard farm, of 160 acres, was chosen, and on the 21st of January following the Society was incor- porated. To place it upon a firm basis, two hundred citizens sub- scribed one hundred dollars each, for which they were entitled to select a lot fifty feet square. In February, 1845, in memory of the springs and groves, the farm was named Spring Grove, and consecrated on the 28th day of August, in the same year. The original design for the improvement of the grounds was prepared by the late Mr. John Notman, who also planned Laurel Hill Cemetery, near Philadelphia; but the chief, and most characteristic, improvements have been made since 1855. It is from this period that the present lawn-landscape THE AVENUE. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 319 style dates ; and within it all the hedges and iron and stone inclosures have been removed. Its green slopes and wooded levels, its stately avenues and beautiful monuments, shrubberies and flowers, now form component parts of one great whole, unobstructed by fences, and diversified by quiet lakes. To the original purchase 434 acres have been added, at a cost of $330,000, thus forming at once a peaceful ENTRANCE TO SPRING GROVE. resting plat\ for the dead and a beautiful park for the living. During the last year, indeed, more than 150,000 people have visited the grounds, not including those attendant upon funerals. For the year ending September 30, 1874, the total receipts were $55,235.60, the expen- ditures $52,968.97. During the year, 171 lots, of a total area of 97,033 feet, were sold; 155 vault permits issued, and 1,355 burial permits. At the same date, 3,963 single graves were occupied, and 994 soldiers' graves in soldiers' lots. The total interments were then 26,491, and the number of lot-holders 6,108. The immediate available resources were $95,265.63. The price of the lots varies from thirty cents to forty cents and fifty cents per square foot. Head-stones for graves, except in special cases of fine art work, are not allowed to be more than two feet high, and trees and shrubs must be five feet within 320 KENNY 1 S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. the boundary of the lot. Every member of the corporation has a family ticket, and may introduce strangers. Special tickets are issued at the Secretary's office, Pike's Opera-house. The fees for opening and closing a grave range from $2.50 to $4.50, according to length; for a family vault, according to time; for a brick grave, from $10 to $20. For depositing a body in the public vault a permit must be obtained from the Secretary's office. The fees range from seventy-five cents to $1.50, according to age. No remains of a person dying of a contagious THE LAKE IN SPRING GROVE. disease are admitted to this vault. The total charges for a single grave range from $6 for a child, to $10 for an adult. The Secretary's office, at No. 2 Pike's Opera building, closes at six in the evening from April to October, and at five for the rest of the year. The engravings illustrate the Avenue, the Entrance, the Lake, the Dexter Monument, and the residence of Sylvester Hand. In the Old World two of the most famous and largest cemeteries are the Pere la Chaise, in France, and the Groves at Scutari, where the remains of tens of thousands of Mussulmans lie buried. These are now part and parcel of history, for they have entombed many generations. The simple tomb so recently repaired, where Abelard KENNY'S ILL US TEA TED CINCINNA TI. 321 and Eloise sleep together, is one of the shrines of Pere la Chaise. Upon the anniversary of the funeral thousands upon thousands of Parisians flock to the spot to garland it with flowers and crowns of immortelles. The curators of the grounds say that the grave of these lovers is almost the only one which has been visited and THE DEXTER MAUSOLEUM. mourned over and decorated \vith unvarying constancy during all the procession of years. Scores of Frenchmen have told the tale of their endearments and their griefs, the learning of Abelard and the piety of Eloise, and English readers will find their memory embalmed in Alexander Pope's epistle from Eloise, as passionate and pathetic as any that Ovid ever wrote for his imaginary heroines. There is a 27 322 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. tomb similarly honored at Scutari. It is of the beautiful Fatima, the wife of a great and wealthy follower of Mohammed, who died in the sixteenth century. He was a warrior, as Abelard had been a monk; both, indeed, had fought: the one with the cimeter and the lance, the other with the weapons of the fiercest and sharpest polemics. The dead of Spring Grove sleep under a landscape of equal beauty with either of these. Their names are not so world-wide as those of Eloise or Fatima, but they, too, have fought their fight. There are among them the bones of soldiers who fell for their country, and the dust of the leaders in the mighty army of those who have lead the vanguard of peaceful progress. The broad and beautiful Avenue, with its magnificent trees, brings the living and the dead alike to the RESIDENCE OF SYLVESTER HAND, ESQ. final abode of rest and release from strife and contention, where there are laurels and roses for the blue, lilies and myrtles for the gray. After generations have passed away, the massy granite, embedded in green turf, shaded by trees then venerable with age, and embosomed in flowers, may look down upon the graves of many whose lives have been as romantic, if not so sad, as Eloise's as deeply loved as Fatima's. Then some poet, like Pope, or some noble romancer, like Scott, will arise, and in another Epistle, or another ** Old Mortality," tell the tale of those who are gone. The engraving upon this page represents the residence of Sylvester Hand, Esq., at Wiiiton Place, about a third of a mile from the en- trance to Spring Grove. KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 323 DRIVE NO. 4. West Walnut Hills, Avondale, Reading Road to Carthage, Longview Asylum, and Chester Driving Park. FROM the Post-office proceed along Fourth Street to Broadway; by Broadway to Court Street; to the right, up Court, three squares, to Gilbert Avenue; left on Gilbert Avenue up the hill, passing the main entrance to Eden Park, on the right, near the summit. Continue on avenue through West Walnut Hills, passing Presbyterian Church at north-west corner of M'Millan Street, from which point the Mont- gomery Pike is a continuation of Gilbert Avenue. Pass Lane Theo- logical Seminary, on the right, with old residence of Lyman Beecher, D. D., one of the early presidents of the institution. Pass a number of handsome residences on each side; keep to the right after passing toll-gate. Pass Two-mile House, on the left ; the handsome residences of the Mathers, on the right, and the German Protestant Cemetery beyond. This part of the road exhibits fine views of rolling hills in every direction, with glimpses of East Walnut Hills on the right, [Mount Auburn, Clifton, and Avondale on the left, and of the distant hills beyond Mill Creek on the north. Turn up Rockdale Avenue, forking out from the Montgomery Boad, to the left, crossing a branch of Ross Run. Turn up Main Avenue, Avondale, to the right, passing Avondale Independent School at the south-west corner. Between Forest Avenue and Clinton Street, pass, on the left, the handsome residences of John A. Pomeroy, G. W. B. Cleneay, W. P. Wallace, W. F. Irwin, Thomas Maddox, John Reid, Robert Mitchell, Miles Green- wood, the latter especially noticeable for its ample lawn; pass the new residence of Lewis Seasongood, on the left, and on the right the elegant residence of Mrs. Mann, Grace Episcopal Church, the Avon- dale German Protestant Cemetery, and the residences of T. R. Spence, C. S. Bragg, A. O. Tyler, and S. H. Burton. Beyond these, on the right, you pass those of S. R. Burton and A. J. Redway. Some of the largest and most elegant suburban residences of Cincinnati line the avenue here. From the summit of the northern slope, in front of the property of Robert Mitchell, a magnificent view is presented of Mill Creek Valley; Carthage, with the Asylum, and the County and City Infirmaries, lie below on the left foreground; and in the plain on the right are Hartwell, Reading, and Lockland. College Hill rises on the extreme left, and the range of highlands takes in Rolling Ridge, Wyoming, and Glendale, which crowns the summit at the head of the 324 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. valley, eight or nine miles away to the right; and far beyond, the finely cultivated slopes and hills of Bufler County. Descending the slope, cross Ross Run, and pass under the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad bridge. Pass the village of Bond Hill, and St. Aloysius Orphan Asylum, on the left, and the Five-mile House, on the right. A mile or so beyond this, turn to the left on the cross road running to Carthage, and reach the east entrance to Longview Insane Asylum, at the outskirts of the village, where a road branches off on the right, along the banks of the canal, a distance of two or three squares, to the entrance to Hamilton County Infirmary. On every day, except Thursdays and Sundays.'visitors are admitted to the Asylum between the hours of 10 A. M. and 4 P. M., and the park is open at all times. ttrfe \ RESIDENCE OF ROBERT MITCHELL, ESQ. From the portico of the Asylum a beautiful view of Mill Creek Valley, stretching from Winton Place, three miles below, on the left, to Glen- dale, six miles to the right, is presented. Visitors are admitted to the County Infirmary every day, except Sunday, between the hours of 10 A. M. and 4 P. M. From the Asylum gate, Second Street forms the continuation of the road by which Carthage is reached. By the route taken this point is about nine miles distant from the Post-office. There is no good resting place h'ere, but the horse may be watered, if necessary, at the Ii9tel on the corner of Second Street and the Hamil- ton Pike. The road on the right runs past the County Fair-grounds, the village of Hartwell, the City Infirmary, through Wyoming, Park Place, and Glendale. To return to the city, turn down the Pike, at the corner of Second Street, to the left, passing the colored ward of Longview Asylum, in KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 325 the large square building on the right> A drive of a mile leads to the Scheutzenplats, on the left, where rest may be had in the parlors or on the grounds. The toll-gate stands near the entrance, and almost opposite is the old Buckeye Trotting Park, once one of the most famous race-tracks in the country, but lately dismantled and cut down for the sale of gravel underlying its turf. Ludlow Grove and the village of St. Bernard, with its densely populated hill-top Ceme- tery, are passed on the left. Adjoining the grove is the site of old Ludlow Station, a pioneer fortification, which was the scene of several battles between the settlers and the Indians about the close of the last and the beginning of the present century. From Carthage down to Cumminsville the road runs parallel, and in close proximity, to the C., C., C. and I. Railroad. From Mill Creek bridge down, the road is known as Spring Grove Avenue. Soon after crossing the bridge, pass the new Chester Driving Park, Harrison's Spring Lake House (a pleasant hotel and restaurant), the village of Winton Place, and Spring Grove Cemetery, on the right. Crossing the north corporation line of Cincinnati at the toll-gate, keeping to the left on reaching Cumminsville, drive down the main street until Mill Creek is reached. Here you take either the first bridge, and reach the city via the Cole- rain Pike, or the second, via Spring Grove Avenue/ The Colerain Pike is somewhat shorter, is laid on a higher grade, and is less fre- quented. By this road pass the House of Eefuge, a large and neat stone building on the left, devoted to the training of refractory chil- dren. Strangers admitted every day, except Saturday afternoons and Sundays. Adjoining this, is the Cincinnati Work-house, a large red brick building, fronting also on the pike. Visitors are admitted every day, except Saturdays and Sundays. Camp Washington, the section through which the road here passes, is the site of the old rendezvous camp of that name, established during the Mexican war. At the foot of the Colerain Pike turn to the left one square, to Freeman Street; thence to the right, and on the Nicholson pavement, passing Lincoln Park, on the right, down to Seventh Street; thence by the left to Vine Street, and thence by the right back to the place of beginning. This drive, therefore, carries the visitor past many of the public institutions of the city and county, and if time permits, the Carthage Lunatic Asylum should be carefully examined. It stands in the midst of beautiful grounds, and the officers are always ready to give any information to the proper applicant. The Asylum contains hand- some rooms for pay-patients, and commodious wards and apartments for those detained at the public expense. 326 KENNY'S ILL VSTRA TED CINCINNA TI. DRIVE NO. 5. To College Hill and Return by Clifton, Walnut Hills, Mount Auburn, and- the Reading Road. COLLEGE HILL stands on a conspicuous eminence on the north- west of the city, and was settled in 1855. It reveals, from various points, views highly picturesque, and in some places almost rivaling mountain regions in beauty and extent. It has many elegant resi- dences with highly cultivated grounds, and is in every respect one of the most charming of Summer retreats. The return drive passes the horseshoe bend, with steep, grassy slopes and a deep valley, whose high tree-tops are many feet below the level of the road, a real Swiss scene. The road commands for its entire length a series of beautiful views. The drive is recommended as one embracing eminently char- acteristic scenes in the immediate neighborhood of the city. The grade for the entire distance is easy and the roads are good. Directions. From Post-office proceed west on Fourth Street, pass Grand Hotel on the left, and succession of fine private residences right and left. At Wood Street turn to the right, passing Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Depot on the left and Woodrow & M'Parlan's extensive saw works on the right. Turn to the right into Baymiller Street, passing M. Clements's iron foundry on the right and round- house of the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton on the left. Turn to the left into George Street, passing workshops of Cincinnati, Hamil- ton, and Dayton Railroad on the left. Turn to the right into Free- man Street. Pass Relief Steam Fire Company's engine house on the right. After crossing Hopkins Street, Lincoln Park, on the left, small but always beautiful, with exquisite little lake. On the high ground to the left, beautifully situated, the residence of J. W. Gosling, the carriage builder. At the corner of Liberty Street, on the left, is the drug-store of Mr. Karrman, who owns the largest collection of finest engravings, of all dates, in the West. We now pass a continu- ous line of small, neat private residences on right and left. Turn to the left into Dayton Street. This is the extreme western end of the most fashionable street in the west end. Turn to the right into West- ern Avenue. Turn to the right into M'Lean Avenue. Here are fine views of the newest part of Cincinnati and of the great hills that surround the city on right and left. Cross Harrison Avenue into Spring Grove Avenue. From this point the street cars start for Cumminsville and Spring Grove Cemetery. There is a street passenger railway track on both KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 327 sides of the avenue, which is lined with trees the entire distance to Spring Grove. On the right, small brick Blanchard Methodist Episco- pal Mission Church. On the left, on high hill, springing boldly over the crest of beautiful woods, the Schlitzenfest building (now an inebriate , asylum). On the right, pass Half-way House. When the avenue sweeps to the left on the right, on a hill, is the old homestead of the Hopple family. The avenue sweeps to the right to toll-gate. Pass through toll-gate on the right. On the left, Avenue Hotel and Stock- yards. Very extensive. A little further on are the large new pork houses, erecting at a cost of over half a million of dollars. Pass under the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge. Pass over wooden covered bridge across Mill Creek. Enter Cumminsville. At both sides beer and wine gardens. Pass Mill Creek House on the left. At this point passengers by the street cars change cars for Spring Grove Cemetery. At HofFner Street turn to the left, cross the track of the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Railroad. On the left, the handsome house and grounds studded with statuary of Mr. Jacob HofFner. On the left, St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church. On the hill on the right pass the finely located cottage of Mr. James M'Macken. Pass through toll- gate. On the left, beautiful woods, in Summer time alive with birds., known as the Tanglewood, with handsome creek meandering through the valley. On the hill-side, on the right, is the comfortable resi- dence of I. N. Laboyteaux, Esq., surrounded by primitive woods. Grounds, 63 acres in extent, with superb views on all sides. The house is octagonal, with a proportionate number of gables, and prob- ably the only house of its kind in the United States. Each gable has its own special balcony, and the columns supporting them all rest upon a porch extending round the whole house, and measuring 232 feet. The room in the center of the hall is 28 feet square. The view from the windows embraces Montgomery, Pleasant Ridge, Bond Hill, Madisonville, Mount Lookout, Avondale, Walnut Hills, Mount Auburn, Clifton, the West End of the City, West Wood, and Cheviot. On the le*t, with low stone wall surrounding the grounds, the hand- some residence of J. M. Wilson. Adjoining it the beautiful home of S. F. Cary, with fine lawn and grounds. Pass on the left Grace . Episcopal Church, of College Hill, erected in 1867. Cost, $16,000. Here, on Hamilton Avenue, College Hill commences. Opposite the church the fine residence and grounds of D. B. Pierson. On the right, the homestead of Mrs. Fisher, mother of the late S. S. Fisher, the noted patent lawyer. On the right, the comfortable home of Mrs. Pyle and Miss Wilson. On the left, the most prominent mansion in 328 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. College IJill, the residence of J. G. Holenshade. Directly opposite, and back from the road, the Sanitarium, late an extensive female college ; on the left, at the corner of Laurel Avenue, the fine residence and exquisitely cultivated grounds of John R. Davey, of the firm of AVilson, Hinkle & Co., the great school-book publishers. These SCENE NEAR THE RESIDENCE OF J. N. LABOYTEAUX, ESQ. grounds are possibly the most beautiful in the county. The grapery is two hundred and fifty feet in length. The greenhouse filled with rare exotics. Four varieties of banana-trees. On the left of the house a beautiful lake, filled with-water fowl. More than a mile of gravel walks, with rich flower-beds on the borders, wind through the grounds. Turn to the left into Laurel Avenue, passing Mr. Davey's KENNY' 'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 329 residence on the right. A short distance on the left stands, conspicu- ously, the Farmers' College, an institution known throughout Ohio for thirty years. The average number of pupils about seventy-five. On the right, and on this side of the college, the handsome residence and fine grounds of Robert Simpson, the agent of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, of Newark, New Jersey. On Colerain Avenue, north of this point, are the comfortable residences with com- manding views of 'Capt. Tweed and Daniel M'Millan, Esq., and on Highland Avenue the elegant homestead and farm of Mr. W. C. Huntington. Turn back same avenue to the residence of Mr. Davey. Cross Hamilton Avenue and pass the Sanitarium grounds on the right, and the First Presbyterian Church on the left. Church erected in 1860. The spire is the prominent object of the village. Proceed along the Laurel Avenue and Groesbeck Road. The drive along this road to Cumminsville is very beautiful. About a mile from College Hill the part of the road known as the Horseshoe is passed. The scene at this point is superb. The deep valley on the left, and the high hills be- yond, reflecting every variety of light and shade. Farther on, the residence of Col. Crane, handsomely situated on the side of a hill on the right. Cross the track of the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Railroad, turn to the right into Spring Grove Avenue at Cumminsville. Turn to the left into Ludlow Avenue, and im- mediately after cross Mill Creek on covered wooden bridge. Pass Dodsworth's distillery on the left. Cross Marietta Railroad track. Pass Mill Creek Valley Distillery on the right. Cross the Miami Canal over new iron bridge. Mrs. Bowler's estate on eminence on the left. Pass Lafayette Avenue on the left. On the left the spacious, elegant grounds and fine residence of Mr. John Morrison. Shortly after, on the right, the fine residence of Richard Smith, of the Cin- cinnati Gazette. The first avenue met on the right is Beech Wood Avenue, the entrance to the Burnet Woods Park. Turn to the right into Wash- ington Street, Walnut Hills. Turn to the left into Auburn Avenue, Mount Auburn. Pass Mount Auburn water works on the right, and Mount Auburn Presbyterian Church on the left. Proceed along Auburn Avenue. The two most prominent houses on Mount Auburn are on the crest of the avenue. The fine square house on the right corner of Summit Avenue is the residence of M. M. White. The one on the left, immediately opposite to it, is the residence of A. H. Hinkle. On the right, after passing the avenue, the Cincinnati 330 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. Orphan Asylum. Turn to the left on the second avenue, you.meet, after passing this point to go to the Beading Road, several small but very handsome residences on the right of the avenue. Turn to the right into the Heading Koad, view of Eden Park on the left, and Mount Auburn on the right, with fine views in front. On the right the Mount Auburn water works pumping engine house. Turn to left into Broadway. Turn to the right into Court Street. Full view of County Jail directly in front. Cross the canal on iron bridge and turn to the right up one square on Sycamore. Street. Turn to the left, with north side of Court House on left. Turn to the left into Main Street, pass- ing the Court House building, one of the finest public structures in the city. Cost of building, $500,000. Along Main to Fifth Street. Pass along on Fifth Street, on the right the new Government Building (erecting) and Tyler Davidson Fountain. Time, allowing for all o.r- dinary delays, five hours. DRIVE NO. 6. To Fair-mount, Westwood, Werk's Wine Cellar, Cheviot, and Mount Airy. FROM the Post-office proceed up Vine Street to its intersection with the Hamilton Road, down the Hamilton Road to the left, passing the site of the new Cincinnati University .on the right, near the head of Elm Street. Cross Mohawk Bridge to Central Avenue, and con- tinue in the same direction down the Harrison Avenue, a continuation of Central Avenue, to Mill Creek Bridge, at Brighton Station on the M. & C., C., C., C. & L, and C., H. & D. Railroads. Crossing the bridge, take the Harrison Pike, branching off on the right, and follow its general trend in that direction. Pass Fairmount Woolen Mills on the right, at the junction of the Harrison and Lick Run Turnpikes. Follow the road up the slope of Fairmount. Near the summit the road bends sharply to the right, round the brow of a bluff overlooking the villages of St. Peters and Forbusville, affording fine views of Lick Run Valley, extending some miles to the right, and of the city. Mount St. Mary's Theological Seminary can be seen on the ridge in the center. West Fairmount is reached at the summit, where the central avenue of the hill extends on the right to the old Fairmount Military Academy, more recently used as a shooting park. (The ex- tension of this avenue, across the hill, through Mill Creek Valley, and up the Clifton Hill to a point where it will be continued in M'Millan Street, and thus form an undeviating line from the extreme east to the extreme west end of Cincinnati, is contemplated.) , Continue on KENNY'S ILL USTEA TED CINCINNA TI. 331 the Harrison Pike, pass the toll-gate, through West Fairmount with its pleasant private residences, and along the ridge through a beauti- ful country. Two or three restaurant gardens, situated at either side of the road, offer refreshments, the chief characteristic of which is native wine, grown, pressed, and bottled on the premises. In the midst of the vine-covered slopes which now loom into view, is the handsome residence of M. Werk, the most extensive wine grower in the Ohio Valley, and directly back of the dwelling-house is a large frame building covering the wine cellar. Half a mile beyond lies the pretty little country village of Cheviot. Turn down the second street, at the hotel corner, to the right, passing Green Township Harvest Home Park on the left, and cross the West Fork Turnpike. Take the Mud Road, forming a continuation of the road traveled over, a quarter of a mile beyond, turn to the right, and where the index points east. Follow this road a. mile and a half to Mount Airy, and turn to the right into the Colerain Pike. From two or three points in the village, and especially from the road opposite the handsome brick. dwelling of W. J. M. Gordon, the drug manufac- turer, fine views abound. From the tower surmounting the dwelling a view of scarcely equaled beauty and range is presented. At the foot of the hill pass through the village of Hameltown and into the Twenty -fifth Ward of the city. Turn to the right at the Wesley an Cemetery, and continue to the city from Mill Creek bridges, either by the Colerain Pike or Spring Grove Avenue. DRIVE NO. 7. To Eden Park via Gilbert Avenue The Great Reservoirs- The Casino- Through Walnut Hills and Woodburn Along the Grandin Road Return Through Walnut Hills and Mount Auburn. THIS drive presents many fine landscape views in the neighborhood of the city, and reveals the picturesque scenes bordering on the cele- brated Eden Park. The high hills are in many places crowned with buildings that remind the traveler of scenes in foreign lands, while pleasure gardens, handsome streets, and fertile districts alternate agreeably, and keep alive the interest of the visitor. Directions. From the Post-office proceed eastward on Fourth Street to Broadway ; turn to the left, along Broadway, to Court Street. At this point, right in front, is seen the site of the old Observatory on Mount Adams. The tall brick building with chimney is the Mount Adams Inclined Plane Engine-house. The building a short distance below it is Diehl's pyrotechnic factory, the only establishment of the 332 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. kind in Cincinnati. Proceed along Gilbert Avenue. This new avenue is eighty feet wide its entire length, with a double street-railroad track in the center running to Walnut Hills and the country beyond, and a carriage-way on either side. The deep ravine to the left is Deercreek Valley, formerly the principal seat of hog slaughtering in the city, but now being filled up. The high hills on the right form the western boundary of Eden Park. From this avenue there is a splendid view of the high hills of Mount Auburn on the left (elevation, 300 feet). Over the hill to the north-west'is seen the spire of the Presbyterian Church of Mount Auburn, and at the base of the western hills the engine-house from which the water is pumped into the Mount Auburn reservoir, from which the fountain on Fifth Street is supplied. Turn to the right to Eden Park. Before reaching the grand entrance the visitor will observe a magnificent panoramic view of the Kentucky hills in the distance. Pass under the arched entrance and keep to the right, leaving the grand lake-like reservoir, and the little deer park, on the left. From this point, upon the summit of the highest hill in the park, at an elevation of 420 feet above the level of the river, with its outlines sharply defined, stands the house called the " Casino," but by some the "Shelter," and by others the "Weather House." The road now sweeps in graceful curve completely round the hill, bringing the visitor to the front door of the Casino, revealing on the way superb views of the whole surrounding country, embracing the eastern portion of the city, the river, Covington, Newport, and the hills and dales and wooded heights of Kentucky. Mount Adams, which, a short time ago, seemed so far off 1 , is now close at hand. For extent and beauty, the scenes now unfolded before the eyes of the spectator can not be surpassed. The exquisite suburbs of Cincinnati are visible in every direction. In the still evening hour the mellowed chimes from many a steeple in the city beneath float up through the air like the sound of distant music upon the waters. With all the emerald verdure of the turf at his feet, with the green foliage of the trees all around him, and the sheen of the water, lit up by the setting sun, the traveler, as he wanders through these lovely walks, might easily exclaim, in the words of Pope : " I seem through consecrated walks to rove ; I hear soft music die along the grove : Led by the sound, I roam from shade to shade, By godlike poets venerable made ;" And then, as again and again, clearly and distinctly, the sweet church bells ring out above the busy city, with its restless, swarming thou- KENNY'S ILL USTEA TED CINCINNA TI. 333 sands, how easily might he fancy himself in some great temple of native, and how readily might Father Front's spirited verses rise up in his recollection : " I 've heard bells chiming Full many n clime in Tolling sublime in Cathedral shrine, While at a glib rate, Brass tongues would vibrate; But all their music Spoke naught like thine." The view from this point eastward is considered the finest, showing, as it does, the grand bend of the river, the villages of Dayton and Bellevue on the other side of the river, with Columbia upon this side, with la belle riviere gleaming between. The trees, scattered either singly or in clusters over the grounds, comprise elm, maple, larch, beech, the sugar tree and numerous evergreens. The Casino itself is of cut stone, finished in rubble work, one story high, with gabled roof. The interior is decorated with colored woods. No refreshments are provided, but a supply of ice water is kept during the. Spring, Summer, and Autumn months, and there are several toilet apart- ments for ladies and gentlemen. The road leading from the Casino brings the visitor back to the point where he turned to the left upon entering. Proceed along the avenue to the right, passing the Band Pavilion on the right. Farther on is the Summer House, also on the right. Pass under a large wooden bridge, which, when completed, will take the visitor into Park Avenue, but must now be reached by Kem- per Lane, leaving the Episcopal Church of the Advent still on the right. Turn again to the right, on Macmillan Street, cross Park Avenue, which, when completed, will be one of the finest in the city. We are now on Walnut Hills, with the Methodist Church on the right. Adjoining the church is the old Kemper homestead. A little farther, on the right, are four of the handsomest residences on Walnut Hills, each surrounded by pleasant lawns and belonging respectively to J. W. Cotteral, William Sumner, John Simpkinson, and C. H. Gould, of Gould, Pierce & Co. (For superb views of the river turn down the first avenue to the right, a short distance to the bluff on the banks of the Ohio, with the residence of August Wessell beautifully situated on the left.) We now re-enter the main road, turning to the right and driving down the avenue. Take the next turning to the left into Church Street, Woodburn, where is a fine view of the river and 334 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 335 the Kentucky hills. We are now in Woodburn, with the St. Francis Roman Catholic Church upon the left, where we turn into Hickberry Street, passing on the right the peculiarly built residence of Mr. Korff, ornamented with a square tower and public clock. Turn to the right into the Madisonville Turnpike, through the toll-gate, leaving on the right the residence of Judge Hondly and on the left the extensive grounds and mansion of W. W. Scarborough. Further on the right is Mr, Baker's fine stone mansion,/ in the center of a beautiful lawn, with a background of indigenous forest-trees. Turn to the right into Grandin Road, with Mr. Hord's fine residence on the right, now occupied by the Sisters of Mercy. The Grandin Road is celebrated for its numerous and beautiful views. From either side the landscape is lovely along its whole length and thickly dotted with cottages and gardens, bright with many-colored flowers. Nearly at the extreme eastern limit of this avenue is the residence and grounds of Joseph Longworth. The house, which is nearly in the center of the grounds, is approached by a carriage-way winding beneath the shade of beautiful trees. The art gallery, which is lighted exclusively from the roof, is filled with a collection of paintings chiefly of the German school, unequaled in the West. The gallery embraces some of the most valuable Achenbachs in existence, and about a year ago the latest and best Knaus, of Dusseldorf, "Old Age and Childhood," was added. The last residence on the Grandin Road is that of Si Keck, Esq. Its site is one of the best' in the suburbs. Having thus completed his drive, the visitor will return through the village of Walnut Hills, and crossing Gilbert Avenue, will follow M'Millan Street to May Street; thence two squares to June Street; thence two squares on the Lebanon Road to Oak Street ; thence to Auburn Avenue, through Auburn Avenue, and down Sycamore Street Hill to the city. DRIVE NO. 8. To Covington, Latonia Springs, and the Lexington Pike. PROCEED from the Post-office down Vine Street, and across the Suspension Bridge. Turn to the right on Second Street to Scott; left on Scott to Third; right on Third to Madison, and left on Madison through the business portion of Covington. Pass Covington Stock- yards, on the right. The principal trade of these stock-yards is in fine cattle, from the famous Blue Grass Region of Kentucky, for the Eastern market. Last year 28,264 head of cattle were 336 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TL sold here; and 30,951 shipped, through ; 108,384 hogs were sold; 50,073 sheep were sold, and 19,821 shipped through. Continue on Madison Street past the Star Base-ball Grounds, on the left, and through the toll-gate, beyond which the street merges into the Inde- pendence Pike. The large and elegant turreted dwelling of red brick, .surrounded by spacious and handsome grounds, is "Holmesdale," the Summer residence of Mr. D. H. Holmes, of New Orleans. A short distance further on the road ascends ^the eastern slope of the ridge, from the point of which, at the curve, a beautiful view is afforded of the Licking River and bluff banks on the east side. Keep on the turnpike through its various windings at the foot of the hill, passing many pleasant suburban residences, on the right. Keach Latonia Springs, on the left, at a distance of about four miles south of the Ohio River. Of the four springs at this place, two are composed largely of magnesia, one of iron, and the other of sulphur; grounds sixty or seventy acres in extent, of great natural beauty, are attached to the hotel. The hills here remind one of the Green Mountains of New England. There are mineral baths, bowling-alleys, a ball-room, and other accessories of a Summer resort, and accommodations for Summer boarders. It is now a favorite resort of social clubs in Cov- ington and Newport. Under new management the establishment is undergoing a general improvement. If you wish to extend the drive, you may continue along the pike half a mile to the village of San- fordtown, and turn to the right, up the hill, by the Dudley Road, at the first corner. From the hill, a valley view of unexpected beauty is presented. Follow the road in its general trend to the right, and at a distance of about two miles from the hill-top strike the Lexington Turnpike. Three miles to the left, on this pike, is the Florence Fair- ground. Turn to the right, for Cincinnati, and continue through a rich agricultural country, and past pleasant farm and suburban resi- dences. Pass, at the hill on the left, some of the large fortifications which stand as monuments to the Kirby Smith and Morgan raids, against Cincinnati, in 1862 and 1863. At the Look-house Lager-beer Garden, on the brow of the hill, two and a half miles from Cincin- nati, a grand panorama of the city and hills is exhibited. Continue down the hill, through Lewisburg, along Pike Street to Main, where you can either take the ferry running to the foot of Central Avenue, or continue on to Madison Street, Covington, and, via the Suspension Bridge, back to the Post-office. The characteristics of this drive present striking contrasts to those described on this side of the river. (The tolls for a hack on this drive is one dollar.) VJBR; OF KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCIX 337 AllfQRH^ OTHER DRIVES. BESIDES the Drives particularly described, there are many others not less interesting or beautiful; besides the residences shown in the engravings, there are many others as fine, if not finer. Indeed, there has been great difficulty in fully representing any special locality, and any description must fall short of the reality. There are many sub- stantial and comfortable but not showy houses that line the various cross ave- nues of most of the suburbs that the general tourist may not see at all unless his stay is protracted. Of this latter class, the residence of Matthew Addy, Esq., on Summit Avenue, Mpunt Auburn, is a fair illustra- tion. Plain unpretentious- ness and solidity are the general characteristics of this class of houses. Since the inclined plane has been established to Mount Auburn, a large number of new houses have been erect- ed, and that which was once a suburb is now part and parcel of the city, and yet, owing to its great height above the city proper, it has all of the advantages of the country. Far beyond Clifton, and twelve miles from the city by rail, at the charming village of Wyoming, thjre are some beautiful homes, of which the residence of Geo. D. Winchell, Esq., may be taken as a fair representative. Ten years ago Wyoming was considered out in the woods and in reality it was but now it is a charming village, well and thoroughly built. The whole section in the neighborhood of the school-house and new church was, no later than seven years ago, a dense forest. Now the same place is- dotted on all sides with 28 RESIDENCE OF MATTHEW ADDY, ESQ. 338 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. some, tasteful residences. From the heights of Wyoming, back of the turnpike, there is a splendid view of the Mill Creek Valley, and the far off Clifton heights; while on the left, Glendale and the beautiful gOT^ra^7J^ i; country beyond, lies smiling in the sunshine, or, in Winter, looks just as lovely in its mantle of snow. The residences of Mr. C. RESIDENCE OF GEORGE D. B. Evans and Mr. Burrows, of the C. B. Evans WINCHELL, ESQ. "Mantel and Grate Co., fill beautiful niches in the tall, round, wooded hills of the uplands. Again on the eastern side of the city, at Norwood, on the line of the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad, there are some fine old home- steads, almost hidden in beautiful grounds. Norwood presents many beautiful landscapes, but one of its most interesting features is its his- toric connection with our national antiquities. Upon one of the high- est elevations in Hamilton County is a mound from which have been exhumed many interesting Indian relics rude arrow-heads and frag- ments of yet older household utensils. About forty -five years ago the road from the east to Cincinnati, by way of Columbus, passed through Norwood, and one of the oldest pioneers of Ohio Mr. J. M. M'Cul- loughj the agricultural seed merchant, of Walnut Street well recollects KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 339 the ponderous wagons passing through the settlement. Times are changed now, and the rich and varied collection of evergreens, the teem- ing orchards planted in his beautiful grounds, present as strong a con- trast as could possibly be imagined ^ . to the time when the savage red In- -V v dian marched, in semi-possession and half dreaded, through the then, comparatively speaking, unculti- vated wilds. In those days there was an old woman living at Nor- wood who kept _. k THE M'CULLOUGH HOMESTEAD. a wayside tavern, where fire-water was sold, and where many an Indian stopped to drink. She filled out the glass or jug to the teamster and the Indian impartially, like that celebrated Betty Flanagan of whom Cooper sings in his " Spy " " Old mother Flanagan, Come and fill the can again, For you can fill And we can swill, Good Betty Flanagan." 340 KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. Another beautiful residence at Norwood Heights, built in a more modern style, and in the middle of beautiful grounds, is that of Col. P. P. Lane, of the firm of Lane & Bodley. Still farther east, in the neighborhood of Linwood, on the line of the Little Miami Kailroad, and at Mount Washington, which is close RESIDENCE OF COL. P. P. LANE. by, there are many noble residences. Among the finest is the house of Chas. H. Wolff, Esq., one of Cincinnati's leading dry goods mer- chants. Mount Washington is situated upon a lofty hill, 500 feet above the Ohio. It is a table-land, comprising over 500 acres. Some of the finest private residences are those of F. W. Boye, at the entrance of the village, overlooking the valley of the Little Miami; then, next in KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. 341 succession, on the main and adjoin- ing avenues, are the houses of L. C. Keever, Professor Stevens, M. Le Claire, D. W. Mundell, Elisha Hawkins, Mrs. S wormstedt, Capt. B. Kline, Aaron A. Colter, Thomas Ronaldson, Steven Morse, William B. Dunham, and the Messrs. Justus, Samuel J. and Davis Corbly, John H. Girard, and Henry Brach- man. Situated in about the center of the village are the large grounds and shrubberies of Charles H. Wolff, comprising about 100 acres, and containing most varieties of evergreens and deciduous trees of both native and foreign growth. There is also a pretty lakelet of about three acres, fed by seven never-failing springs. The house is of polished native wood, every piece selected with the greatest care. The above view shows the lake in Mr. Wolff's grounds. VIEW AT MOUNT WASHINGTON. SUMMER RESORTS. THE people of Cincinnati resort to almost every fashionable water- ing place on the continent, and it is believed that a larger number, in proportion to the population, visit Europe annually than from any other city of her size. There are, however, three "near home" 342 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. KENNY'S ILL USTRA TED CINCINNA TI. 343 resorts that are generally well patronized. Put-in-Bay, on an island in Lake Erie, is within twelve hours by rail and steamer, and until late years had the greatest number of visitors. Chautauqua Lake, in Northern New York, now outrivals Put-in-Bay ; and Yellow Springs, situated on the Little Miami Railroad, is the most convenient of all three, being but seventy-five miles from the city, and can be reached by three trains every day. Yellow Springs is celebrated for the beauty, and healthfulness of its location, for the picturesque scenery of the neighborhood, and for the mineral spring which gives it its name, and makes it a fav- orite place of Summer resort. The location is said to be the highest on the railroad, line between Cincinnati and the lakes. Just eastward of the village lies "The Glen" This is a deep ravine, cut through beds of Niagara limestone and skirted all along by high cliffs, projecting bluffs, huge, disrupted masses of rocks, or stones of smaller size, affording an enchanting variety of scenery; while at the foot, along the stream, and above, along the edges of the cliffs, all shaded by trees of natural growth, are pleasant walks inviting the leisure hours of those who sojourn here. It was a favor- ite remark of Hon. Horace Mann, who for six years was a resident of this place, as President of Antioch College, that "there was pictur- esque scenery enough, in the vicinity of Yellow Springs, if it could be cut up and divided, to make a reputation for forty places." In the center of the village is a park of twenty acres, which for magnificence and grandeur exceeds any grounds of its size in Ohio. The foreign traveler, while gazing upon it, is reminded of those noble grounds so rich in luxuriance and shade, to be seen only in England. In the middle of this beautiful park rises the elegant and spacious mansion of William Means. The house is surrounded by the origi- nal forest oaks, and other trees and shrubs, with lawns and winding drives. The accompanying view, from a photograph of the house and grounds, will convey some idea of its beauty. The Springs, which are the main attraction of the place, are situ- ated opposite the principal hotel of the village. The waters are largely v impregnated with iron, with a slight admixture of magnesia and soda, and thus constitute a mild and healthful tonic. From the earliest settlement of the country they have been resorted to by invalids, who have been benefited by drinking them. Yellow Springs is the seat of Antioch College, founded in 1853, by the Hon. Horace Mann, and which has always maintained a very high repu- tation. 344 KENNY'S ILLUSTRATED CINCINNATI. PLACES AND SIGHTS WHICH A STRANGER MUST SEE. Tyler Davidson Fountain The largest Fountain in the United States. The Suspension Bridge One of the finest structures on this Continent. The Newport Bridge Eleven spans, the widest of which is 405 feet. St. Peter's Cathedral The spire celebrated for its harmonious proportions. The handsomest in the United States. The Cathedral is open to visitors, from morning till evening. (See description, page 101.) Interior Hebrew Synagogue Frescoing very rich. Apply to the janitor. Interior Pike's Opera House The proscenium remarkable for beauty. Frescoing on ceiling very fine. Dressing rooms remarkably complete. Interior of the Public Library The best arranged Library in the United States. Has a capacity for 250,000 volumes. Interior of Cincinnati Hospital The second largest hospital in the United States. The auditorium arranged to seat 600 students. See the wards, the library, and pathological museum. See the arrangements for pay patients. (Admission daily, 2 to 4 P. M., Sundays excepted.) The Exchange of the Grand Hotel One t>f the finest Halls in the United States. The views from the fourth and fifth floor windows of the hotel, on the south and west and north sides, are remarkably fine. Interior of the Masonic Temple See Banqueting Room of the Red Cross, the Prelate's Room, the Asylum of the Commandery, Scotrh.Rite As- sembly Room, with gallery containing banners of 33 degrees. The organ, the finest ever built for Masons. Time to visit, 10 A. M., daily, Sundays excepted. View of the City from Price's Hill Take omnibus from Post-office. View of the City from Lookout House, Mount Auburn Take street-car from corner of Main and Fifth Streets. PLACES AND SIGHTS WHICH A STRANGER SHOULD SEE. Mount St. Mary's Seminary On Price's Hill. See the library and pictures. The view from the turret is indisputably one of the finest in America. The great Reservoirs In Eden Park. Capacity, 100,000,000 gallons each. The Water Works On Front Street. Immense pumping engines. Cost over one million dollars. Any one of the large Breweries Over the Rhine. Visit the cellars. Some of these buildings cost over one million of dollars. Wielert's Saloon and Garden Over the Rhine on concert evenings. Lincoln Park Visit in the evening, from 7 till 9 o'clock, and in early morning. Washington Park See the great aerolite used as a drinking fountain. The Phreiiix Club Richly furnished rooms. Must be introduced. The Cuvier Club See collection of stuffed birds and fish. Must be introduced. The Union Bethel On Public Landing. Visit on Sundays, at 2 P. M. l*iii t <> to be seen*. The Ohio by moonlight From the Suspension Bridge. Spring* Grove Cemetery and Harrison's Restaurant, at Spring Lake. The Grand I>rive (For description and directions see page 302.) DISTANCES. Mt. Auburn A von dale, Walnut Hills, .... 2! Clifton Cumminsville, .... Spring Grove, .... 5 College Hill, 7! Bogart ft Folgcr Cin. DIAGRAM OF THE SUBURBS. AD VER TISEMENTS. 347 ATLANTIC & GREAT WESTERN R. R. TWO LINES of PULLMAN'S CELEBRATED COACHES Leave CINCINNATI DAILY, morning and night, for ^ ?S3 V TO \m ^f3.- s ! S9S t ^ ^ ^ or view of Drawing-room and Sleeping Coach combined, in use on this line. WE have the pleasure of informing the public of the completion ot the Buffalo and Jamestown Railroad, between Jamestown, N. Y.,and Buffalo, opening a new and pleasant route between the South and Niagara Falls, Buffalo, etc. Trains on the Buf- falo and Jamestown Railroad will depart from, and arrive at. the A. & G. \V. Depot, in Jamestown, and deliver and receive passengers at the Erie Railway Depot in Buffalo, thus avoiding an omnibus transfer between the South and Niagara Falls. SCENERY UNEQUALED! TRACK IN PERFECT ORDER! Take the Broad Gauge for Comfort and a Certainty of making the Time Advertised. to SARATOGA, SHARON SPRINGS, WATKINS* GLEN, LONG BRANCH, NEWPORT, and all points in New England. Through Tickets, desired locations in Through Coaches, and any information can be obtained at all ticket offices jn the South and West. Ill Cincinnati, at No, 4 Burnet House, 115 Vine St., and at the Depot. P. I>. COOPER. Cleveland, O. IV. B. SHATTUC, Cincinnati, O. General Superintendent. General Passenger and Ticket Agent. flMfl UiNtl AD VER TISEMENTS. are situated at ASHLAND, KY., on the Ohio River, 146% miles from Cincinnati, and 5 miles from Iron ton, Ohio. The Company are known as the ' LEXINGTON AND BIG SANDY RAILROAD CO., and own and operate fifteen miles of a railroad known by that name. The product of the Ashland Furnace is equal to 12,000 or 13,000 tons of iron annually. The quality, No. 1 Mill and Foundry. The Coal raised by the Company is of good quality, and unsurpassed for iron-making. It is used by furnaces at Iron ton, and by rolling-mills on the river. As a locomotive coal it is free from sulphur and does not clink, and it possesses quick steam-making qualities. Its analysis is, ashes, 1.88; carbon, 84.08; hydrogen, 4.92; oxygen, 9.12; sulphur, 0.019. The Company are ready to supply coal or iron, in any quantity, at pre^ vailing market rates, and invite correspondence. THE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY ARE JOHN MEANS, President. WM. F. GAYLORD, Treasurer. JOHN G. PEEBLES, Vice-President. ROBERT PEEBLES, Secretary. AD VER TISEMENTS. 349 9gooS;l 3 O >-jO - oc 350 AD VER TISEMENTS. CYRUS ELLISON, Pres. WM. L. KEEPERS, Gen'l Supt. GEO. T. SCOTT, Sec'y and Treas. The Lawrence Iron -Works Co., Ironton, 0., IRON MANUFACTURERS. The Lawrence Iron Works, located at Ironton, Ohio, were established in 1853, with a capital of $22">,000. The annual production is about 8,000 tons of Merchant Iron. E. S. EEESON, Ag't, 16 & 17 Public Landing. CINCINNATI MATTHEW ADDY & Co., 90 WEST THIHD STREET, CINCINNATI, We represent the following Brands of Iron: HANGING ROCK CHARCOAL. Hamden, Hope, "Washington, Jackson, Bloom, Lawrence, Scloto, Eagle, Monroe, Cornelia, Madison, Monitor, Kenton, Gallia. TENNESSEE AND SOUTHERN CHARCOAL. Brownsport, Tenn. Clark, Tcnn. M'Kee, Ala. Alabama, Ala. Hamilton, Mo. La Grange, Wayne," Tecumseh," Moselle, Mo. Manhattan L.S. Ores. STOXE COAL. Star, Ohio. Ohio, Ohio. Brier Hill, Ohio. Yigo, Ind. Bessemer, Mo. Tropic, Belfont, " Mineral Ridge, " Brazil," South St. Louis, " Columbus," Franklin," Hubbard, Planet," A.shland, Ky. AR WHEEL MAL.L.EABLE. Shelbv, Buffaio, Maraincc, Manhattan, Monitor, M'Kee, Barren Springs, Sunday Creek, Lawrence, Cartersville, Franklinite, Bibb, Please confer with us when you are in the market. We are always able to obtain very low rates of freight. Respectfully, MATTHEW ADDY & CO. Cottage, Plate Metal, Pool, Manganese. Iron Mountain, Raven Cliff, ADVERTISEMENTS. 351 LAMBENT a broi\poN, Olive Machine-Shops, Foundry, and Boiler-Yards, IRONTON, OHIO. THE above engraving represents the works of Lambert & Gordon, at Ironton,0hio. These works consist of Foundry, Machine-shops, Boiler-yard, Smiths-shops, and Offices. The buildings are all of brick, except the boiler-yard, which will be replaced with a larger brick building in the Fall of 1875. The following are the dimensions of the works : Machine-shops, 100 by 50 feet, two stories high; Foundry, 100 by 50 feet; Smiths-shop, 60 by 40 feet ; Boiler-shop, 80 by 45 feet ; Offices, 40 by 20 feet, two stories high. | These works have turned out more than 200 tons of castings per month. The melt- ing and crank capacity is sufficiently great for the heaviest class of work. From 150 to 200 men are constantly employed. The yearly product of the works is about $200,000. The Specialties of the works consist in constructing Blast Furnaces, for which we take contracts for the entire iron work put in place: Engines, Castings, Piping, Hot Blasts, Player, Gordon's and the celebrated Whitewell Fire-brick Stove Tuyeres, etc. In fact, every class of furnace supply and construction is manufactured at our works. Connected with our fuimace work, we manufacture Hoisting Machinery for Coal- works, Inclines to river, Lowering Drums, Tipples, Dump Cars, Side, End, and Bottom Cinder Tubs and Buggies, and all appurtenances connected with coal and ore mining, handling, and dumping. We make the above our principal business, though we manufacture Stationary and Marine Engines. The Cincinnati Industrial Exposition, of 1874, gave our firm the highest award for Stationary Slide-valve Engine. We have a large business in Rolling-mill and Nail-mill Machinery, Chill Rolls, Land Rolls, etc. LAMBERT & OORDOX, 1 1 011(011, O. ADVERTISEMENTS. JNfoftoi) - TIKCIE! of which the above engraving is an illustration, are situated at ASHLAND, KY., and were established in the year 1873, with a cash capital of $800,000. The Works consist of A FURNACE, for the manufacture of Pig Iron. A ROLLING MILL, with twenty Bailing Furnaces, and TlIKl- 1: If EATITVO FURNACES, for the manufacture of Muck Bar from the Pig Iron. Also, a NAIL FACTORY, with eighty Nail Machines manufacturing from said Muck Bar all the various sizes of CUT NAILS, TOBACCO NAILS, FINISHING NAILS, CLINCH NAILS, etc., etc., from five hundred to six hundred kegs per day. The productions are entirely NAILS AND PIG IRON. The number of hands employed in the average business season amounts to about six hundred : Coal Diggers, Ore Diggers, Bailers, Rollers, Engi- neers, Nailers, Nail Cutters, Clerks, and Managers. The Officers of the Company are President, Secretary, and Treasurer, controlled by a Board of nine Directors. The "Works are represented in Cincinnati by Hi. 23 WEST THIRD STREET. A D VER TISEMENTS. 353 THE HECLA F This property is situated three miles out from and has a territory of about fourteen thousand acres, well supplied with timber, coal and iron ores. The production of this Furnace is used principally in the manufacture of Car Wheels, and, in common with other Hanging Rock Irons, is noted for its superior quality. It is similar in character to the celebrated Salisbury Irons of Con- necticut and New York, so much used for the manufacture of Gov- ernment Ordnance, and, in connection with those metals and the well-known Juniata Iron, was used to some extent in casting heavy guns during the Rebellion. 354 AD VER TISEMENTS. THE WORKS OF THE Aurora Iron Company, of which the engraving is an illustration, are situated at AURORA, IND., and were established in the year ]873. They manufacture Sheet, Bar, ana Hoop Iron. The Mill has all of the newly improved machinery for making Sheet and Bar Iron. The works contain one of the largest Shears for shear- ing Plate-iron in the United States, and have a capacity, when in full operation, of consuming fifty tons of pig metal, and twenty-five tons of Scrap, per day. The number of hands employed are about ninety. Tie Establishment is represented in Cincinnati liy LEVI C. GOODALE, Vice-President, 214 MAIN STREET. AD VER TISEMENTS. THE BLOOM-FORGE IRON-WORKS OF THE Gaylord Rolling -Mill Company (\vliich are shown in the above engraving) Are situated at PORTSMOUTH, OHIO, and were established in the year 1832. The Works consist of A FORGE, in which there are Engines, Puddling Furnaces, Run-out and Refining Furnaces, Nobbling or Charcoal Fires, Forge-trains of Rolls, Squeezer, Steam Ham- mer of great power, Ore Crusher and Pulverizer, Shears of capacity to cut plates ten feet long, etc. TUB: ROEiI^INO MIIJT.S consist of Engines of great power, Plate and Sheet Mills of large capacity, Bar Mill, three train high, and two eight-inch Grade Trains, Heat- ing and Annealing Furnaces, Hammer, Lathes, Shears, Saws, etc. THE STEAM for driving the machinery in Forge and Mills, is generated in boilers over the puddling furnaces, with a Battery besides. A FACTORY, in which are Engine and Boilers, Railroad Chair Machine, Railroad- spike and Boat-spike Machines, Rivet Machines, Bolt Machines, Punches, Shears, Lathes, Furnaces, etc. A IjARUE WAREHOUSE for storing iron, etc.; a large Store for sale of goods to supply their hands; Office Buildings, etc., the whole covering 900 by 400 feet on the river bank, and fronting on Front Street. THEY MANUFACTURE Boiler Plate and Tank Iron, Sheet, flat, round, and squares, and Bands and Hoop Irons. Also, Railroad and Boat Spikes, Railroad Chairs, Splice Bars, and Bolts; Nut 8, Washers, and Rivets. MAKE SPECIALTIES in Roiler-plate Iron and Roller Rivet*, and were the first manufacturers in the West to make and stamp its tensile strength upon the plates as per Act of Congress relating to marine boilers, and produce the same in grades from 00,000 to 70,000 pounds as minimum, which iron, however, runs from 60.000 to 0 steamers running upon the Western and Eastern waters whose boilers are made of the Gaylord Iron. THEY C1LAIM great uniformity of quality in their products, particu- larly in Roiler Plates, for the reason of producing their own Blooms, knowing at all times what Stock goes into such Blooms. THE WAREHOUSE and Offices of the Company in Cincinnati are situated at No. 92 Rroadway, between Third and Fourth Streets. AD VER TISEMENTS. o. of which the accompanying engraving is an illustration, are situated at PITTSBTJRG, PENN., and were established in the yoar ISfil. The Works embrace all modern facilities for the economical production of ^1 Bnora ^^^ T^^ TF from the finer qualities for manufacture of edge tools, ^fe\ - - . through all gradations to thoee lower qualities which b*J? aflL J^l iMiid ^LJi are, for many purposes, su- perseding iron. Until quite recently English manufacturers had control of this market, and American Steels were almost unknown. But in this important branch of industry, as in many others, the enterprise and perseverance of American manufacturers have developed these interests, and small beginnings have grown to large proportions. PARK. IftKOTIIRR fc C'O. were among the first in the field on best Cast-steel, and, by unremitting attention to the wants of customers, have made their trade mark of VRl.Ar;K 1>IA II !: Machinery. Merman. Tire, and Plow Steel; 'ast and Qer- 111:111 Spring? ^<: I T iii Paper of all It i ii<>T FORFEITED in the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. BY FAILURE TO PAY THE PREM- I VMS WHEIf I>UE, but are continued in force by the Non-forfeiture Law of the State of Mas- sachusetts, of April, 1861. AD VER TISEMENT8. 365 NIAGARA Twenty-three Years 7 Practical Experience. Losses Paid, over $4,000,000. CO., OF HEW YOf. Agencies in all the Principal Cities and Towns throughout the United States. Cash Assets, $1,475,397. SNIDER & LINDSEY, CBN0BNNATI, MANAGERS' CENTRAL DEPARTMENT. LIDSEY, RAUH & CO, Local Aft 32 W, 3d St. CINCINNATI, 0, 366 A D VER TISEMENTS. J. W. GOSLING, Manfr. t FIRST-CLASS CARRIAGES, Cor. Sixth and Sycamore Streets, CINCINNATI, O. CUTS AND CIRCULARS SENT ON APPLICATION. AD VER TISEMENTS. 367 Abner LFr& o*,ffholegale tors, Successors to JAMES A nm & no. This firm is located at 11: No. 44 f tint Street, and was established in 1S72. The build, ing, which ranks as one of the best on this great business street, has a front- age of 25 feet, and a depth of 200 feet. It is, including the basement, 5 stories in height. A bonded warehouse adjoins the establishment, and is under con- trol of the firm. The business transac- tions of this house extend over a wide territory, which includes the Western and Southern States. They import TEAS direct by the way of San Fran- cisco and New York, and often receive consignments from Japan. The house : does a heavy commission business,and sh , fi- , makes cash advances on provisions, roduce, and cotton, and pays atten- ion to orders for the purchase of pro- visions and Cincinnati manufactured goods. Abner L. Frazer, J. Fred. Heitmeyer Sheldon L. Frazer, and James A. Frazer, Special Partner. Among the finest salesrooms ojf th city are the old-established i PET WAKEROOMS of the fi IS, JOSEPH C. EIMGWALT & CO., lt,, Pike's Opera House Building. Their great salesroom entends 22'> feet in depth, with a width of 30 feet, with basement and sub-cellars of corresponding size. This space affords opportunity for the display of every shade and pattern of Foreign and Domestic Carpets. The stock generally embraces full lines of all the finer grades of Carpetings, as well as those of the lower qualities, in great variety, besides a stock of all widths of Oil-cloths, and a full supply of Mattings, Rugs, Curtain-materials, etc. The carpet business is one that requires experience as one of the prime necessities in conducting it to advantage. The many years this firm have been engaged in the business (having been established in 1843) is a guara ntee to the tourist that here, at least, he will find the choicest and most desirable of goods, if not the most extensive assortment. The house was one of the first established in the business in this city, and their sales are co-extensive with their character and well-earned reputation. The members of the firm are J. C. Ringwalt, L. M. Ringwalt, and A. R. Ringwalt. 368 AD VER TISEMENTS. Time-Tried, Fire-Tested, Y, OF HARTFORD, Cash Capital, $6OQ,OOO OO Surplus, . 1,252,302 82 Total Cash* Assets, . 1,852,30282 Total Losses Paid, $10,774.840 45 A RECORD of brilliant success and substantial prosperity in a profession in which three-fourths of all the companies engaged prove bitter failures, indicates sound- ness of management, conservative practice, and legitimate underwriting. Western Branch Office No, 24 lest Fourth Street Cincinnati 0. Mark well the record of this powerful corporation, and the same management, prudence, and integrity which has served to elevate it to its present high position will carry it still higher, enabling it to continue to furnish insurance of the very choicest character to all who are willing to pay a proper price for sound indemnity. OF ( UNIVERSITY 1 THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DA' STAMPED BELOW ATE AN INITIAL FINE OP 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY NOV201940M ? REC'D LD ^F\r Inf ' MAR 2 5*65 -51* APR 1 2000 flfc- LD 21-100m-7,'39(402s) **>, 201 13 GENERAL LIBRARY U.C. BERKELEY F 499 #* UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ?