Ten Cents a Copy 
 
 Two Dollars a Vear 
 
 %t 3nkmk\A 
 
 A WEEKLY MAGAZINE 
 
 FOUNDED IN 1848 
 
 March 26, J908 
 
 SURVEY OF THE WORLD 
 Mr. Roosevelt's Legislative Program — Boycotts Under the Sherman 
 Act— Protest of the Labor Conference— The Fleet Will Visit Japan — 
 Mail Subsidies— Macedonian Reform— A Russian Duel — Germany — 
 The French Pension Law. • 
 
 Senator Knox and the Presidency . JAMES FRANCIS BURKE 
 
 Travelers in the Air E. P. POWELL 
 
 The Jeanes Bequest to Swarthmore College . JOSEPH SWAIN 
 
 Across the Atlantic (Poem) ROBERT FROST 
 
 Music, Art and Drama for the Month .... 
 
 My Latest Experiment N. O. NELSON 
 
 Pain Peace ARTHUR OILMAN 
 
 Ipw l^w (t^ 
 
 EDITORIALS: BOOK REVIEWS: 
 
 Secretary Taft as a Conciliator Spain in Decadence 
 
 Test-Tube Sociology George Matheson 
 
 Dr. Van Eeden's Message Augustus St. Gaudens 
 
 La Follette on the Panic Haiti 
 Legal Exceptions to Morality ' Confessions of Orchard 
 
 The Liberty of Ritual Janet of the Dunes 
 
 Insurance, Financial, Etc. 
 
 130 Fulton Street, New York 
 
676 
 
 THE INDEPENDENT 
 
 ago, inspired by the teachings of George 
 Fox, William Penn left all the oppor- 
 tunities of the Old World to come to the 
 new and establish this colony on the 
 Delaware. His "holy experiment" em- 
 bodied the most advanced ideals of civil 
 and religious liberty of his time. He 
 tried to found a state in which every 
 man would have the power to follow the 
 light of his own individual soul. • Can 
 the board of managers of Swarthmore 
 College aflford to stultify themselves by 
 denying the future right of individual 
 judgment to themselves and to their suc- 
 cessors, even in matters deemed by them 
 
 of minor importance? The college 
 should not be responsible for an act 
 which would belie the fundamental 
 teachings of the founder of our society, 
 the sage and seer of Swarthmore HdU ; 
 nor should it belittle the faith of the 
 founder of the Commonwealth of Penn- 
 sylvania. Swarthmore's historic position 
 has been one of freedom That freedom 
 is above the price of endowments. 
 
 These are a few of the considerations 
 which led to the belief that the condition- 
 al gift of Anna T. Jeanes should be de- 
 clined. 
 
 SwARTHMOREj Pa. 
 
 Across the Atlantic 
 
 BY ROBERT FROST 
 
 Leaning^ one speaks between surrounding 
 
 hands, 
 With lashes lowered as deeming not to see, 
 .A.nd the tide smooths the beaches at her feet. 
 "Sister," she says, ''I faintly hear thy word. 
 But hear thy word in heart-beats — speak again. 
 Darkness comes down upon you speaking 
 
 there ; 
 The waves go toward you standing under 
 
 stars; 
 They come to me in sunlight further west; 
 Somewhere between they leap to the wind's 
 
 love. 
 It is the old sea there, no man's abode. 
 Not time shall make less desert than it is. 
 And yet no more, no more the sundering sea. 
 
 "Once she held in the hollow of her wave 
 The little, tossing missive boat you sent. 
 Days, nights, she had it in her power to 
 
 whelm. 
 But paltered with its fate and let it pass. 
 Time to come then between us for all time ! 
 The ship, light-riding, came and went again, 
 Empty of India's jewels, to its port 
 To find before it there da Gama's fame 
 And nought to match against his prize in hand 
 But truth that lit the yards like Elmo's fire. 
 And the old sea was less the sundering sea. 
 She has strewn wrecks since then and ships 
 
 from port 
 
 She has hurled back ashore and banked with 
 
 sand. 
 Too many have come with sails, to sink them 
 
 all; 
 And now they trample flat the waves they run. 
 Ever the sea is less the sundering sea. 
 
 "But demon-like she hides her secret thought ; 
 She veils her face in mist and folds her hands; 
 She murmurs 'What have I to do with men?' 
 What had she ever, space made palpable, 
 What but keep aching heart from heart too 
 
 long. 
 What but keep life too long from half , the 
 
 world? 
 But she has said it, little has she left 
 Could she but hear the word we pass today — 
 Perhaps she hears in the green moated gloom. 
 Or feels like leaden touch thru all her cold, 
 Like sea-stones smitten feebly under sea. 
 Like bell-stroke deadened downward from the 
 
 keel. 
 I deem she hears. Could she but comprehend 
 And say if T speak less than truth to thee: — • 
 It needs not shipping to come safely thru. 
 Sister; it needs not ropes of iron' more 
 To hold, or she will part me from thy word: 
 Thy softest word shall reach me thru her 
 
 storm. 
 Sister, dominion has past from her brow — 
 Forget the sea, no more the sundering sea." 
 Derry, N. H. 
 
AVUCIC 
 
 DPAA\A 
 
 Metropolitan Operas 
 
 Enrico Caruso is undoubtedly the 
 g^reatest lyric tenor of the time, yet he 
 has his limitations, and some of them are 
 surprising. Thus, for several seasons, 
 Mr. Conried endeavored to induce him to 
 assume the part of Manrico in "]} Trova- 
 tore," and was finally compelled to place 
 it in the hands of Heinrich Knote, who 
 was remarkably successful in it. Possi- 
 bly this aroused Caruso's jealousy; at 
 any rate, altho the Munich tenor was 
 here again, Caruso took the role into his 
 own hands this time. The result proved 
 that his hesitancy was not without just 
 cause. He had to transpose one of the 
 principal arias a whole tone down, and 
 there was evidence that Verdi's style in 
 this opera is somewhat too robust for his 
 voice. Nevertheless, he sang most of 
 the music beautifully, and with Emma 
 Eames as Leonora and Louise Homer as 
 Azucena the opera has proved one of the 
 big successes of the season. 
 
 Next to Caruso, the artist who has the 
 greatest drawing power at the Metropol- 
 itan is Geraldine Farrar. Her voice has 
 improved since last season in beauty, flex- 
 ibility and evenness, and as an actress she 
 recalls Emma Calve in her best diys. 
 Some object to her methods because she 
 is no respecter of traditions, but insists 
 on doing everything her own way ; to 
 others this constitutes one of the princi- 
 pal charms of her art. It gives it an in- 
 dividuality that musical epicures enjoy 
 greatly. Moreover, her way is usually 
 better than the traditional one — more 
 
 realistic and interesting. She is a pupil, 
 to the present day, of Lilli Lehmann, yet 
 she does not imitate her ways slavishly. 
 Instead of going to the opera house to see 
 how others do it. she studies the text and 
 the score and tries to find out for herself 
 how the composer wants things done. 
 
 Of the eighteen roles in Miss Farrar's 
 repertory New Yorkers have now had a 
 chance to hear ten, the latest two being 
 Violetta in "La Traviata," and Mignon 
 in Ambroise Thomas's opera. She does 
 not, of course, execute the florid music in 
 Verdi's operas with the brilliancy of Ma- 
 dame Tetrazzini, but she sings the melo- 
 dies more sweetly and expressively, and 
 as an actress she is more sympathetic than 
 any of her rivals in this role. It has been 
 truly said of her that her Violetta dies 
 "not of phthisis, aided and developed by 
 dissipation, but of a broken heart." Her 
 Mignon is simply enchanting in its di- 
 verse aspects, as a gypsy girl, a jealous 
 rival of Filina in the attire of a page, and 
 in her native land as an Italian beauty. 
 
 The Filina in this revival of a once 
 very popular French opera was another 
 American, Miss Bessie Abott, who has 
 also appeared as Gilda in "Rigoletto." 
 Her beautiful voice is well trained, but it 
 is rather light for so large an auditorium, 
 and as an actress she is mediocre. She 
 lacks the ambition, the determination to 
 reach the top, which is one of Miss Far- 
 rar's chief assets. 
 
 It is likely that Miss Berta Morena, 
 who arrived for the last four weeks of 
 the season, will prove as popular an art- 
 
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