955 sX UC-NRLF B 3 ssQ ms ATHER^ DAMIEN AN OPEN LETTER ^ ™ TO THE EVEREND DOCTOR HYDE F HONOLULU ^ ^ FROM OBERT LOUIS STEVENSON THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESENTED BY PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID I X FATHER DAMIEN AN OPEN LETTER TO THE REVEREND DOCTOR HYDE OF HONOLULU FROM ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON FOUK HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES OF THIS BOOK HAVE BEEN PRINTED ON VAN GEL- DER HAND-MADE PAPER, AND TYPE DISTRIBUTED. FATHER DAA\IE/NJ BY ROBERT LOVIS STEVENSON Portland, Mtune Mdcecxcuiii THIRD KDITION FOREWORD ' ^'^ ? iviGG7C29 No golden dome shines over Damien's sleep : A leper's grave upon a leprous strand, Where hope is dead, and hand must shrink from hand, Where cataracts wail toward a moaning deep. And frowning purple cliffs in mercy keep All wholesome life at distance, hath God planned For him who led the saint's heroic band, And died a shepherd of Christ's exiled sheep. O'er Damien"s dust the broad skies bend for dome Stars bum for golden letters, and the sea Shall roll perpetual anthem round his rest : For Damien made the charnel-house life's home. Matched love with death ; and Damien's name shall be A glorious benediction, world-possest. H. D. RAWNSLEV. FOREWORD ITH Mr.R.L. Stevensoit's cotnplUnaits. Father Da- mien. An open letter to the Reverend Dr. Hyde of Ho no I u I u from Robert Louis Steven- son. Sydney. 1890. 1 Such is the title-page of a little pamphlet that was privately printed by its author for presentation only : nevertheless it has I. It was in i2mo. (Pp. 32) and privately printed for presentation only at Sydney, (N. S. W.), March 27th, 1890. It appeared in the " Scots Ohserzier" May 3d and loth, 1890. The second issue was a thin 4to, printed on Japan FOREWORD become part and parcel of English lit- erature, and must be reckoned with. Outside of what the Letter tells us of Father Damien would you know how he fared in the seventeen years given up to wretches forsaken of man, — almost forgotten of God? Is it not well to see this solitary priest as he was, — the single star of hope in a long night of human misery? 2 Somehow, at the time, one fancies paper (of which only 30 copies were issued, with a portrait of Father Damien) by Messrs. Constable & Co., Edinburgh. The third issue was a i2mo, brown paper wrappers, published at a shilling by Messrs. Chatto & Windus, London, iSgo. (See Mr. E. D. North's "A Bibliography of Robert Loiiis Stevenson^' in The Bookman, September, i8g6.) The disinterestedness of ."^tevenson was still further shown by a refusal to accept payment for his Apologia. It was concerning this third issue by the London firm that he wrote them : " The letter to Dr. Hyde is yours, or any man's. I will never touch a penny of remun- eration. I do not stick at murder; I draw the line at cannibalism. I could not eat a penny roll that piece of bludgeoning had gained for me." 2. See Edward Clifford's little book, Failier Dajnien : A Joiirtiey from Cashmere to his home in Hawaii, (London, iSSg). The beautiful portrait by Mr. Clifford has been successfully reproduced as a frontispiece to the present edition. FOREWORD a sort of critical indifference ; at best as who should say, why vex yourself over a Dr. Hyde? Have you not given us an imaginary Mr. Hyde? The lost souls of the imagination interest us vastly more than this obscure traducer and a far off leper colony. Besides, your Letter reads like truth and who cares for, — in- deed, what is Truth ? Perhaps it is one cause of our love for him that Robert Louis Stevenson did care for Truth. The despicable charges against Damien touched his soul to fine and fiery issues. Through him the world of living men first be- held this humble Belgian priest min- istering to untold suffering in such wise as he might until the night came wherein no man laboured more. 3 3. "There are not too many heroisms in the world; the earth, as Carl vie said, will not become too God-like. Obscure bigots who are never tired of proclaiming that they are Christians will take very good care of that. But to ignorant intolerance, which presumes to revile such a life as Damien's because he is not this and he is not that, may be very decis- ively applied the crushing rebuke which the brother of the dead Ophelia addressed to the ' churlish priest ' in Hamlet" ArcJiihald Bnl- latityjie in Lo}igma7t\ Magazi7te, May, 1S89. FOREWORD In any age, — out of many lands, where find a greater sacrifice of self? Creeds pass; conduct alone endures. Stevenson saw the abiding spirit of God in Father Damien. Who would gainsay his wider vision ? '' Through S7tch souls alone God stooping sliows sitfficieni of His light For us r the dark to rise byT FATHER DAMIEN I Remember what a martyr said On the rude tablet overhead ! " I was born sickly, poor and mean, A slave : no misery could screen The holders of the pearl of price From Cssar's envy ; therefore twice I fought with beasts, three times I saw My children suffer by his law; At last my own release was earned ; I was some time in being burned, But at the close a Hand came through The fire above my head, and drew My soul to Christ, whom now I see. Sergius, a brother, writes for me This testimony on the wall — For me, I have forgot it all." KOBEKT DROWNING FATHER DAMIEN AN OPEN LETTER TO THE REVEREND DR. HYDE OF HONOLULU. Sydtiey, February 25, 1890. IR, — It may probably oc- cur to you that we have met, and vis- ited, and con- versed; on my side, with interest. You may remember that you have done me several courte- sies, for which I was prepared to be grateful. But there are duties which come before gratitude, and offences which justly divide friends, far more acquaintances. Your letter to the Reverend H. B. Gage is a document which, in my sight, if you had filled FATHER DAMIEN me with bread when I was starving, if you had sat up to nurse my father when he lay a-dying, would yet ab- solve me from the bonds of gratitude. You know enough, doubtless, of the process of canonisation to be aware that, a hundred years after the death of Damien, there will appear a man charged with the painful office of the devirs advocate. After that noble brother of mine, and of all frail clay, shall have lain a century at rest, one shall accuse, one defend him. The circumstance is unusual that the devil's advocate should be a volunteer, should be a member of a sect immediately rival, and should make haste to take upon himself his ugly office ere the bones are cold; unusual, and of a taste which I shall leave my readers free to qualify; unusual, and to me inspiring. If I have at all learned the trade of using words to convey truth and to arouse emotion, you have at last furnished me with a subject. For it is in the interest of all mankind and the cause of public decency in every quarter of the world, not only that Damien should be righted, but FATHER DAMIEN that you and your letter should be dis- played at length, in their true colours, to the public eye. To do this properly, I must begin by quoting you at large : I shall then proceed to criticise your utterance from several points of view, divine and human, in the course of which I shall attempt to draw again and with more specification the character of the dead saint whom it has pleased you to vilify : so much being done, I shall say fare- well to you for ever. '■Honolulu, August 2, 1889. ' Rev. H. B. Gage. 'Dear Brother, — In answer to your inquiries about Father Damien, I can only reply that we who knew the man are suiprised at the extravagant news- paper laudations, as if he was a most saintly philanthropist. The simple truth is, he was a coarse, dirty man, headstrong and bigoted. He was not sent to Molokai, but went there with- out orders ; did not stay at the leper settlement (before he became one him- self), but circulated freely over the whole island (less than half the island FATHER DAMIEN is devoted to the lepers), and he came often to Honolulu. He had no hand in the reforms and improvements in- augurated, which were the work of our Board of Health, as occasion required and means were provided. He was not a pure man in his relations with women, and the leprosy of which he died should be attributed to his vices and carelessness. Others have done much for the lepers, our own minis- ters, the government physicians, and so forth, but never with the Catholic idea of meriting eternal life. — Yours, etc., 'C. M. Hyde.'i To deal fitly with a letter so extraor- dinary, I must draw at the outset on my private knowledge of the signa- tory and his sect. It may offend others; scarcely you, who have been so busy to collect, so bold to pubhsh, gossip on your rivals. And this is perhaps the moment when I may best explain to you the character of what you are to read : I conceive you as a I From the Sydney Presbyterian, October 26, 1889. FATHER DAMIEN man quite beyond and below the reti- cences of civility: with what measure you mete, with that shall it be meas- ured you again ; with you, at last, I rejoice to feel the button off the foil and to plunge home. And if in aught that I shall say I should offend others, your colleagues, whom I respect and remember with affection, I can but offer them my regret; I am not free, I am inspired by the consideration of interests far more large; and such pain as can be inflicted by anything from me must be indeed trifling when compared with the pain with which they read your letter. It is not the hangman, but the criminal, that brings dishonour on the house. You belong, sir, to a sect — I be- lieve my sect, and that in which my ancestors laboured — which has en- joyed, and partly failed to utilise, an exceptional advantage in the islands of Hawaii. The first missionaries came; they found the land already self-purged of its old and bloody faith ; they were embraced, almost on their arrival, with enthusiasm ; what troubles they supported came far more from FATHER DAMIEN whites than from Hawaiians ; and to these last they stood (in a rough figure) in the shoes of God. This is not the place to enter into the degree or causes of their failure, such as it is. One element alone is pertinent, and must here be plainly dealt with. In the course of their evangelical calling, they — or too many of them — grew rich. It may be news to you that the houses of missionaries are a cause of mocking on the streets of Honolulu. It will at least be news to you, that when I returned your civil visit, the driver of my cab commented on the size, the taste, and the comfort of your home. It would have been news certainly to myself, had any one told me that afternoon that I should live to drag such matter into print. But you see, sir, how you degrade better men to your own level; and it is needful that those who are to judge betwixt you and me, betwixt Damien and the devil's advocate, should under- stand your letter to have been penned in a house which could raise, and that very justly, the envy and the com- ments of the passers-by. I think (to FATHER DAMIEN employ a phrase of yours which I ad- mire) it 'should be attributed' to you that you have never visited the scene of Damien's life and death. If you had, and had recalled it, and looked about your pleasant rooms, even your pen perhaps would have been stayed. Your sect (and remember, as far as any sect avows me, it is mine) has not done ill in a worldly sense in the Hawaiian Kingdom. When calamity befell their innocent parishioners, when leprosy descended and took root in the Eight Islands, a quid pro quo was to be looked for. To that prosperous mission, and to you, as one of its adornments, God had sent at last an opportunity. I know I am touching here upon a nerve acutely sensitive. I know that others of your colleagues look back on the inertia of your Church, and the intrusive and decisive heroism of Damien, with something almost to be called remorse. I am sure it is so with yourself; I am per- suaded your letter was inspired by a certain envy, not essentially ignoble, and the one human trait to be espied in that performance. You were think- FATHER DAM I EN ing of the lost chance, the past day ; of that which should have been con- ceived and was not; of the service due and not rendered. Time was, said the voice in your ear, in your pleasant room, as you sat raging and writing; and if the words written were base beyond parallel, the rage, I am happy to repeat — it is the only com- pliment I shall pay you — the rage was almost virtuous. But, sir, when we have failed, and another has suc- ceeded; when we have stood by, and another has stepped in ; when we sit and grow bulky in our charming man- sions, and a plain, uncouth peasant steps into the battle, under the eyes of God, and succours the afflicted, and consoles the dying, and is him- self afflicted in his turn, and dies upon the field of honour — the battle cannot be retrieved as your unhappy irritation has suggested. It is a lost battle, and lost for ever. One thing remained to you in your defeat — some rags of common honour; and these you have made haste to cast away. Common honour; not the honour of having done anything right, but the FATHER DAMIEN honour of not having done aught con- spicuously foul ; the honour of the inert: that was what remained to you. We are not all expected to be Damiens; a man may conceive his duty more narrowly, he may love his comforts better; and none will cast a stone at him for that. But will a gentleman of your reverend profession allow me an example from the fields of gallantry? When two gentlemen compete for the favour of a lady, and the one succeeds and the other is rejected, and (as will sometimes hap- pen) matter damaging to the success- ful rival's credit reaches the ear of the defeated, it is held by plain men of no pretensions that his mouth is, in the circumstance, almost necessarily closed. Your Church and Damien's were in Hawaii upon a rivalry to do well; to help, to edify, to set divine examples. You having (in one huge instance) failed, and Damien succeed- ed, I marvel it should not have occurred to you that you were doomed to silence; that when you had been outstripped in that high rivalry, and sat inglorious in the midst of your FATHER DAMIEN well-being, in your pleasant room — and Damien, crowned with glories and horrors, toiled and rotted in that pigstye of his under the cliffs of Kala- wao — you, the elect who would not, were the last man on earth to collect and propagate gossip on the volunteer who would and did. I think I see you — for I try to see you in the flesh as I write these sen- tences^! think I see you leap at the word pigstye, a hyperbolical expression at the best. ' He had no hand in the reforms,' he was ' a coarse, dirty man ' ; these were your own words ; and you may think it possible that I am come to support you with fresh evidence. In a sense, it is even so. Damien has been too much depicted with a conventional halo and conventional features; so drawn by men who per- haps had not the eye to remark or the pen to express the individual; or who perhaps were only blinded and silenced by generous admiration, such as I partly envy for myself — such as you, if your soul were enlightened, would envy on your bended knees. It is the least defect of such a method FATHER DAMIEN of portraiture that it makes the path easy for the devil's advocate, and leaves for the misuse of the slanderer a considerable field of truth. For the truth that is suppressed by friends is the readiest weapon of the enemy. The world, in your despite, may per- haps owe you something, if your letter be the means of substituting once for all a credible likeness for a wax ab- straction. For, if that world at all remember you, on the day when Damien of Molokai shall be named Saint, it will be in virtue of one work : your letter to the Reverend H. B. Gage. You may ask on what authority I speak. It was my inclement destiny to become acquainted, not with Damien, but with Dr. Hyde. When I visited the lazaretto Damien was already in his resting grave. But such information as I have, I gath- ered on the spot in conversation with those who knew him well and long: some indeed who revered his memory; but others who had sparred and wrangled with him, who beheld him with no halo, who perhaps regarded FATHER DAMIEN him with small respect, and through whose unprepared and scarcely par- tial communications the plain, human features of the man shone on me convincingly. These gave me what knowledge I possess; and I learnt it in that scene where it could be most completely and sensitively understood — Kalawao, which you have never visited, about which you have never so much as endeavoured to inform yourself: for, brief as your letter is, you have found the means to stumble into that confession. ' Less than one- half oi the island,' you say, 'is devoted to the lepers.' Molokai — ' Molokai ahina^ the 'grey,' lofty, and most des- olate island — along all its northern side plunges a front of precipice into a sea of unusual profundity. This range of cliff is, from east to west, the true end and frontier of the island. Only in one spot there projects into the ocean a certain triangular and rugged down, grassy, stony, windy, and rising in the midst into a hill with a dead crater; the whole bearing to the cliff that overhangs it somewhat the same relation as a bracket to a FATHER DAMIEN wall. With this hint you will now be able to pick out the leper station on a map; you will be able to judge how much of Molokai is thus cut off be- tween the surf and precipice, whether less than a half, or less than a quar- ter, or a fifth, or a tenth — or say, a twentieth; and the next time you burst into print you will be in a posi- tion to share with us the issue of your calculations. I imagine you to be one of those persons who talk with cheerfulness of that place which oxen and wainropes could not drag you to behold. You, who do not even know its situation on the map, probably denounce sensa- tional descriptions, stretching your limbs the while in your pleasant par- lour on Beretania Street. When I was pulled ashore there one early morning, there sat with me in the boat two sisters, bidding farewell (in humble imitation of Damien) to the lights and joys of human life. One of these wept silently; I could not withhold myself from joining her. Had you been there, it is my belief that nature would have triumphed 13 FATHER DAMIEN even m you; and as the boat drew but a little nearer, and you beheld the stairs crowded with abominable de- formations of our common manhood, and saw yourself landing in the midst of such a population as only now and then surrounds us in the horror of a nightmare — what a haggard eye you would have rolled over your reluctant shoulder towards the house on Bere- tania Street ! Had you gone on ; had you found every fourth face a blot upon the landscape; had you visited the hospital and seen the butt-ends of human beings lying there almost unrecognisable, but still breathing, still thinking, still remembering; you would have understood that life in the lazaretto is an ordeal from which the nerves of a man's spirit shrink, even as his eye quails under the bright- ness of the sun; you would have felt it was (even to-day) a pitiful place to visit and a hell to dwell in. It is not the fear of possible infection. That seems a little thing when compared with the pain, the pity, and the dis- gust of the visitor's surroundings, and the atmosphere of affliction, disease, H I'ATUKR DAMIKN and physical disgrace in which he breathes. I do not think I am a man more than usually timid; but I never recall the days and nights 1 spent upon that island promontory (eight days and seven nights), without heart- felt thankfulness that I am somewhere else. I find in my diary that I speak of my stay as a 'grinding experience': I have once jotted in the margin, ^Harrowing is the word'; and when the Mokolii bore me at last towards the outer world, I kept repeating to myself, with a new conception of their pregnancy, those simple words of the song — ' 'Tis the most distressful country that ever yet was seen.' And observe: that which I saw and suffered from was a settlement purged, bettered, beautified; the new village built, the hospital and the Bishop- Home excellently arranged; the sis- ters, the doctor, and the missionaries, all indefatigable in their noble tasks. It was a different place when Damien came there, and made his great renun- ciation, and slept that first night under a tree amidst his rotting brethren : 15 FATHER DAMIEN alone with pestilence; and looking forward (with what courage, with what pitiful sinkings of dread, God only knows) to a lifetime of dressing sores and stumps. You will say, perhaps, I am too sensitive, that sights as painful abound in cancer hospitals and are confronted daily by doctors and nurses. I have long learned to admire and envy the doctors and the nurses. But there is no cancer hospital so large and popu- lous as Kalawao and Kalaupapa; and in such a matter every fresh case, like every inch of length in the pipe of an organ, deepens the note of the im- pression; for what daunts the onlooker is that monstrous sum of human suf- fering by which he stands surrounded. Lastly, no doctor or nurse is called upon to enter once for all the doors of that gehenna; they do not say farewell, they need not abandon hope, on its sad threshold; they but go for a time to their high calling, and can look forward as they go to relief, to recreation, and to rest. But Damien shut to with his own hand the doors of his own sepulchre. i6 FATHER DAMIEN I shall now extract three passages from my diary at Kalawao. A. ' Damien is dead and already somewhat ungratefully remembered in the field of his labours and suffer- ings. " He was a good man, but very officious," says one. Another tells me he had fallen (as other priests so easily do) into something of the ways and habits of thought of a Kanaka; but he had the wit to recognise the fact, and the good sense to laugh at' [over] ' it. A plain man it seems he was ; I cannot find he was a popular.' B. 'After Ragsdale's death ' [Rags- dale was a famous Luna, or overseer, of the unruly settlement] 'there fol- lowed a brief term of office by Father Damien which served only to publish the weakness of that noble man. He was rough in his ways, and he had no control. Authority was relaxed; Damien's life was threatened, and he was soon eager to resign.' C. ' Of Damien I begin to have an idea. He seems to have been a man of the peasant class, certainly of the peasant type: shrewd; ignorant and bigoted, yet with an open mind, and 17 FATHER DAMIEN capable of receiving and digesting a reproof if it were bluntly administered ; superbly generous in the least thing as well as in the greatest, and as ready to give his last shirt (although not without human grumbling) as he had been to sacrifice his life; essentially indiscreet and officious, which made him a troublesome colleague; domi- neering in all his ways, which made him incurably unpopular with the Kanakas, but yet destitute of real authority, so that his boys laughed at him and he must carry out his wishes by the means of bribes. He learned to have a mania for doctoring; and set up the Kanakas against the reme- dies of his regular rivals : perhaps {if anything matter at all in the treatment of such a disease) the worst thing that he did, and certainly the easiest. The best and worst of the man appear very plainly in his dealings with Mr. Chap- man's money ; he had originally laid it out ' [intended to lay it out] ' entirely for the benefit of Catholics, and even so not wisely ; but after a long, plain talk, he admitted his error fully and revised the list. The sad state of the i8 FATHER DAMIEN boys' home is in part the result of his lack of control; in part, of his own slovenly ways and false ideas of hy- giene. Brother officials used to call it "Damien's Chinatown." "Well," they would say, "your Chinatown keeps growing." And he would laugh with perfect good-nature, and adhere to his errors with perfect obstinacy. So much I have gathered of truth about this plain, noble human brother and father of ours ; his imperfections are the traits of his face, by which we know him for our fellow ; his martyr- dom and his example nothing can lessen or annul; and only a person here on the spot can properly appre- ciate their greatness.' I have set down these private pas- sages, as you perceive, without cor- rection; thanks to you, the public has them in their bluntness. They are almost a list of the man's faults, for it is rather these that I was seeking : with his virtues, with the heroic pro- file of his life, I and the world were already sufficiently acquainted. I was besides a little suspicious of Catholic testimony ; in no ill sense, but merely 19 FATHER DAMIEN because Damien's admirers and disci- ples were the least likely to be critical. I know you will be more suspicious still; and the facts set down above were one and all collected from the lips of Protestants who had opposed the father in his life. Yet I am strangely deceived, or they build up the image of a man, with all his weak- nesses, essentially heroic, and alive with rugged honesty, generosity, and mirth. Take it for what it is, rough private jottings of the worst sides of Damien's character, collected from the lips of those who had laboured with and (in your own phrase) 'knew the man'; — though I question whether Damien would have said that he knew you. Take it, and observe with wonder how well you were served by your gossips, how ill by your intelligence and sympathy; in how many points of fact we are at one, and how widely our appreciations vary. There is something wrong here; either with you or me. It is possible, for instance, that you, who seem to have so many ears in Kalawao, had heard of the FATHER DAMIEN affair of Mr. Chapman's money, and were singly struck by Damien's in- tended wrong-doing. I was struck with that also, and set it fairly down ; but I was struck much more by the fact that he had the honesty of mind to be convinced. I may here tell you that it was a long business ; that one of his colleagues sat with him late into the night, multiplying arguments and accusations; that the father lis- tened as usual with 'perfect good- nature and perfect obstinacy'; but at the last, when he was persuaded — ' Yes,' said he, ' I am very much obliged to you ; you have done me a service ; it would have been a theft.' There are many (not Catholics merely) who require their heroes and saints to be infallible; to these the story will be painful ; not to the true lovers, patrons, and servants of mankind. And I take it, this is a type of our division; that you are one of those who- have an eye for faults and fail- ures; that you take a pleasure to find and publish them; and that, having found them, you make haste to forget the overvailing virtues and the real FATHER DAMIEN success which had alone introduced them to your knowledge. It is a dan- gerous frame of mind. That you may understand how dangerous, and into what a situation it has already brought you, we will (if you please) go hand- in-hand through the different phrases of your letter, and candidly examine each from the point of view of its truth, its appositeness, and its charity- Damien was coarse. It is very possible. You make us sorry for the lepers who had only a coarse old peasant for their friend and father. But you, who were so refined, why were you not there, to cheer them with the lights of culture? Or may I remind you that we have some reason to doubt if John the Baptist were genteel; and in the case of Peter, on whose career you doubtless dwell approvingly in the pulpit, no doubt at all he was a 'coarse, headstrong' fish- erman! Yet even in our Protestant Bibles Peter is called Saint. Damien was dirty. He was. Think of the poor lepers annoyed with this dirty comrade! FATHER DAMIEN But the clean Dr. Hyde was at his food in a fine house. Damien was headstrong. I believe you are right again; and I thank God for his strong head and heart. Damien was bigoted. I am not fond of bigots myself, because they are not fond of me. But what is meant by bigotry, that we should regard it as a blemish in a priest? Damien believed his own religion with the simplicity of a peas- ant or a child; as I would I could suppose that you do. For this I wonder at him some way off; and had that been his only character, should have avoided him in life. But the point of interest in Damien, which has caused him to be so much talked about and made him at last the sub- ject of your pen and mine, was that, in him, his bigotry, his intense and narrow faith, wrought potently for good, and strengthened him to be one of the world's heroes and exemplars. 23 FATHER DAMIEX Damien 7c'as not sent to Alolokai, but went there -without orders. Is this a misreading? or do you really mean the words for blame ? I have heard Christ, in the pulpits of our Church, held up for imitation on the ground that His sacrifice was voluntary. Does Dr. Hyde think otherwise .-' Damien did not stay at the settle- ment, etc. It is true he was allowed many indulgences. Am I to understand that you blame the father for profit- ing by these, or the otificers for granting them .' In either case, it is a mighty Spartan standard to issue from the house on Beretania Street; and I am convinced you will find yourself with few supporters. Damien had no hand in the reforms, etc. I think even you will admit that I have already been frank in my descrip- tion of the man I am defending; but before I take you up upon this head, 24 FATHER DAMIEN I will be franker still, and tell you that perhaps nowhere in the world can a man taste a more pleasurable sense of contrast than when he passes from Damien's ' Chinatown ' at Kala- wao to the beautiful Bishop-Home at Kalaupapa. At this point, in my desire to make all fair for you, I will break my rule and adduce Catholic testimony. Here is a passage from my diary about my visit to the China- town, from which you will see how it is (even now) regarded by its own officials : ' We went round all the dormitories, refectories, etc. — dark and dingy enough, with a superficial cleanliness, which he' [Mr. Button, the lay brother] 'did not seek to defend. "It is almost decent," said he; "the sisters will make that all right when we get them here."' And yet I gathered it was already better since Damien was dead, and far better than when he was there alone and had his own (not always excellent) way. I have now come far enough to meet you on a common ground of fact; and I tell you that, to a mind not prejudiced by jealousy, all the FATHER DAMIEN reforms of the lazaretto, and even those which he most vigorously op- posed, are properly the work of Damien. They are the evidence of his success ; they are what his heroism provoked from the reluctant and the careless. Many were before him in the field; Mr. Meyer, for instance, of whose faithful work we hear too little : there have been many since; and some had more worldly wisdom, though none had more devotion, than our saint. Before his day, even you will confess, they had effected little. It was his part, by one striking act of martyrdom, to direct all men's eyes on that distressful country. At a blow, and with the price of his life, he made the place illustrious and public. And that, if you will consider largely, was the one reform needful ; pregnant of all that should succeed. It brought money; it brought (best individual addition of them all) the sisters; it brought supervision, for public opinion and public interest landed with the man at Kalawao. If ever any man brought reforms, and died to bring them, it was he. There is not a clean 26 FATHER DAMIEN cup or towel in the Bishop-Home, but dirty Damien washed it. Damien was not a pure tnan itt his relations with ivomen, etc. How do you know that? Is this the nature of the conversation in that house on Beretania Street which the cabman envied, driving past? — racy details of the misconduct of the poor peasant priest, toiling under the cliffs of Molokai ? Many have visited the station before me; they seem not to have heard the rumour. When I was there I heard many shocking tales, for my inform- ants were men speaking with the plainness of the laity; and I heard plenty of complaints of Damien. Why was this never mentioned? and how came it to you in the retirement of your clerical parlour ? But I must not even seem to de- ceive you. This scandal, when I read it in your letter, was not new to me. I had heard it once before; and I must tell you how. There came to Samoa a man from Honolulu ; he, in a public-house on the beach, volun- 27 FATHER DAMIEN teered the statement that Damien had 'contracted the disease from having connection with the female lepers'; and I find a joy in telling you how the report was welcomed in a public- house. A man sprang to his feet; I am not at liberty to give his name, but from what I heard I doubt if you would care to have him to dinner in Beretania Street. ' Vou miserable little ' (here is a word I dare not print, it would so shock your ears). ' You miserable little ,' he cried, 'if the story were a thousand times true, can't you see you are a million times a lower for daring to repeat it ? ' I wish it could be told of you that when the report reached you in your house, perhaps after family wor- ship, you had found in your soul enough holy anger to receive it with the same expressions; ay, even with that one which I dare not print; it would not need to have been blotted away, like Uncle Toby's oath, by the tears of the recording angel ; it would have been counted to you for your brightest righteousness. But you have deliberately chosen the part of 28 FATHER DAMIEN the man from Honolulu, and you have played it with improvements of your own. The man from Honolulu — miserable, leering creature — commu- nicated the tale to a rude knot of beach-combing drinkers in a public- house, where (I will so far agree with your temperance opinions) man is not always at his noblest; and the man from Honolulu had himself been drinking — drinking, we may charita- bly fancy, to excess. It was to your 'Dear Brother, the Reverend H. B. Gage,' that you chose to communicate the sickening story; and the blue ribbon which adorns your portly bosom forbids me to allow you the extenua- ting plea that you were drunk when it was done. Your 'dear brother' — a brother indeed — made haste to de- liver up your letter (as a means of grace, perhaps) to the religious papers ; where, after many months, I found and read and wondered at it; and whence I have now reproduced it for the wonder of others. And you and your dear brother have, by this cycle of operations, built up a contrast very edifying to examine in detail. The 29 FATHER DAMIEN man whom you would not care to have to dinner, on the one side; on the other, the Reverend Dr. Hyde and the Reverend H. B. Gage : the Apia bar-room, the Honolulu manse. But I fear you scarce appreciate how you appear to your fellow-men ; and to bring it home to you, I will suppose your story to be true. I will suppose — and God forgive me for supposing it — that Damien faltered and stumbled in his narrow path of duty; I will suppose that, in the horror of his isolation, perhaps in the fever of incipient disease, he, who was doing so much more than he had sworn, failed in the letter of his priestly oath — he, who was so much a better man than either you or me, who did what we have never dreamed of daring — he too tasted of our common frailty. 'O, lago, the pity of it!' The least tender should be moved to tears; the most incredulous to prayer. And all that you could do was to pen your letter to the Reverend H. B. Gage ! Is it growing at all clear to you what a picture you have drawn of your own heart.' I will try yet once 30 FATHER DAMIEN again to make it clearer. You had a father: suppose this tale were about him, and some informant brought it to you, proof in hand : I am not mak- ing too high an estimate of your emotional nature when I suppose you would regret the circumstance? that you would feel the tale of frailty the more keenly since it shamed the author of your days? and that the last thing you would do would be to publish it in the religious press? Well, the man who tried to do what Damien did, is my father, and the father of the man in the Apia bar, and the father of all who love good- ness; and he was your father too, if God had given you grace to see it. or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIE University of Cal Richmond Field Statioi 1301 South 46th Richmond, CA 948 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLE To renew or recharge your library contact NRLF 4 days prior to due d DUE AS STAMPEC FEB 2 6 2009 DD20 12M 7-07