UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES GIFT OF ARTHUR D. BUZBY, C- E. ARTHUR D. BUZBY, C. E PUBLIC DOCUMENT .... .... No. 57. FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT METROPOLITAN WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD. JANUARY 1, 1906. BOSTON : WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS, 18 POST OFFICE SQUARE. 1906. APPROVED BY THE STATE BOARD OF PUBLICATION. CONTENTS. PAOR I. Organization and Administration, 1 (1) Board, Officers and Employes, 1 (2) Offices and Buildings 3 (3) Conveyancing 4 II. Metropolitan Water District, , . . . . . . . 5 III. Water Works, Construction . , f . * (1) Wachueett Dam and Reservoir 5 (a) Wachnsett Dam, 5 (6) Wachusett Reservoir 7 (c) Forestry 8 (f/) Location, Construction and Discontinuance of Roads, 9 () Relocation of Central Massachusetts Railroiid, 10 (/) Clinton Catholic Cemetery 11 (2) Improvement of Spot Pond Brook, 11 f3) Police Protection 11 (4) Acquisition of Lands and Lnnd Settlements 12 (5) Claims and Settlements for Loss of Business 16 (6) Claims and Settlements for Loss of Employment, 17 (7) Claims afid Settlements for Depreciation of Real Estate, 17 (8) Claims on Account of Diversion of Water 18 IV. Water Works, Maintenance 18 (1) Operation of Works, 18 (2) Storage Reservoirs 19 (3) Distributing Reservoirs 21 (4) Aqueducts 22 (5) Pumping Stations 23 (6) Pipe Lines and Pipe Yards, . 24 (7) Sewerage and Filtration Works '.'..'.'. . . 25 (a) Clinton Sewerage Works 25 (6) Marlborough Brook Filter-beds 25 (c) Pegan Brook Filtration Works, . 25 (8) Sanitary Work and Regulations, 26 (9) Quality of the Water " j - . " . . . 29 (10) The Water Supply 3 V. Water Works, Financial Statement 32 (1) Metropolitan Water Loans, Receipts and Payments, 32 (2) Issues of Metropolitan Water Loan Bond? 33 (3) Metropolitan Water Loan Sinking Fund, 34 (4) Annual Assessments and Receipts, 34 (5) Distribution to Cities and Towns of Sums received from Water furnished to Other Municipalities 35 (6) Expenditures for the Different Works 35 (7) Detailed Financial Statement under Metropolitan Water Act, (a) Expenditures and Disbursements 39 (6) Receipts, 45 (c) AsBets 47 (d) Liabilities 47 VI. Metropolitan Sewerage Works ... 49 (1) North Metropolitan System, Construction, 60 (2) South Metropolitan System, Construction, 50 (3) Settlements for Real Estate * 5l (4) North Metropolitan System, Maintenance, 82 (5) South Metropolitan System, Maintenance, ........ r &3 *-. u ''- - iv CONTENTS. PAGE VII. Sewerage Works, Financial Statement, .55 (1) Metropolitan Sewerage Loans, Receipts and Payments, M (a) North Metropolitan System, 56 (ft) South Metropolitan System, 56 (2) Issues of Metropolitan Sewerage Loan Bonds 57 (3) Metropolitan Sewerage Loans Sinking Fund 59 (4) Annual Appropriations, Receipts and Expenditures 59 (5) Annual Assessments 60 (6; Expenditures for the Different Works 80 (7) Detailed Financial Statement, . - 61 (a) Expenditures and Disbursements 61 (6) Receipts, ... x ... . . . T . . . . . 64 (c) Assets, 65 (d) Liabilities, 65 VIII. Consumption of Water M IX. Electrolysis 68 X. Moth Suppression $16,522 16 $37,794 40 Clinton Sewerage System. Clinton Total, . 1.240 .987 3.860 11.253 i r $15,037 00 135.150 102.125 1.308 .450 73.299 295.195 36 !> 85 $37,794 40 $181,893 40 Weston Aqueduct. Framingham, .... Bouthborough Wayland . Weston Total . 17.340 9 $15,037 00 472.377 85 $181,893 40 $60,000 due on one settlement. 2 Including settlements made by city of Boston. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 15 Summary of Land Settlements for Water Works, etc. Concluded. LOCATION. FOB THE TBAB 1905. FROM BEGINNING OF WORK. Area in Acres. Number of Settle- ments. Payments. Area in Acres. Number of Settle- ments. Payments. Distribution System. Arlington, .... Boston .817 ! > * J $3,496 77 1.896 1.359 .051 .158 3.213 6.147 5.224 .404 .009 19.409 36.870 2.950 2.950 1.586 652.124 160.630 663.460 654.729 30.652 25.140 436.223 31.695 78.808 40.385 12.426 17.168 177.875 139.115 545.912 76.094 .578 1 34 34 1 1 1 1 J $171,916 85 $171,916 85 $1,600 00 $1,600 00 $12,768,948 80 "- Maiden Medford Somerville Total, Improving Lake Cochituate. Natick, .817 4 1 J $3,496 77 Total Boston Water Workt* (taking of Jan. 1,189 8). Ashland . Boston, Framingham, .... Hopkinton Marlborough, .... Medford Natick Needham Someryllle Sonthborough Way land, . Wellesley, .... Westborongh, .... Winchester, Total 142.756 25 $47,508 77 3,744.000 15,963.350 1 851 $12,768,948 80 $16,921,753 86 Aggregates, 1 Estimated areas. Includes interest. 16 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. The settlements above enumerated include all lands acquired for which a complete settlement has been made. About 113.388 acres of the lands acquired and settled for have subsequently been sold and conveyed by the Board. The tables of settlements for lands acquired do not include : 1. Lands for which "payments on account" under chapter 317 of the Acts of the year 1904 have been made, there being 14.01 acres on account of which $5,416.58 has been paid. 2. Spot Pond and adjacent lands in Maiden, Medford and Mel- rose, comprising about 271.177 acres, exclusive of the area of land under Spot Pond which is not estimated, on account of which $342,820.68 has been paid. 3. Lands acquired but not paid or settled for, amounting to about 163.309 acres, including 50.765 acres previously owned by the Commonwealth, and 66.761 acres of other lands for which no claims will probably be 'made. 4. Lands embraced in the St. John's Catholic Cemetery, compris- ing 26.39 acres in Clinton and 69,. 75 acres in Lancaster. 5. Street areas. The total area of land in which the Commonwealth has acquired for the Metropolitan Water Works either the fee, easements or other rights is about 16,575.422 acres, or about 26 square miles. (5) CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS FOR Loss OF BUSINESS. For injury to business caused by the carrying out of the Metro- politan Water Act in the towns of Boylston and West Boylston and in portions of the towns of Sterling and Clinton, but one additional claim was filed. Settlements were made during the year in 23 cases. In some of these cases claims had been filed previous to the past year, but in the greater number no statements of claim had ever been filed with the Board, but suits for damages had been directly brought in court. These suits were brought after the decision of the Supreme Judicial Court in the case of Allen v. the Common- wealth, which declared that under certain circumstances farming was an established business within the meaning of the Metropolitan Water Act, for which damages could be recovered. Settlements were accordingly effected in several of these suits by the Attorney- General, with the approval of the Board. No claims were disallowed during the year. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 17 The number of claims of this class settled since the beginning of the Water Works has been 305, and the total sum paid on account of such claims has been $149,897.36. All of these claims except 18 have been settled outside of the court*. (6) CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS FOR Loss OF EMPLOYMENT. No claims for loss of employment by residents of West Boylston have been filed during the year, and no settlements of cases of this class have been made. There are, however, pending in the courts two cases which the Board refused to allow. The whole number of settlements for such claims effected since the beginning of the operations of the Board have been 474. The total amount paid on account of these claims has been $85,884.65. All of these claims have been settled without reapriyfo the courts. (7) CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS FOR DEPRECATION OF REAL ESTATE. Settlements for depreciation in the vWiie of real estate not taken by the Board were made on account? lands situated in the towns of West Boylston and Sterling <^y, all of the Clinton cases having been previously settled. S^Sements have been effected in 17 cases of this class during the yeai-ending December 31, 1905, and the sum of $14,089.72 has been paid. Of these, 2 were settled in the courts. The total number of claims for depreciation settled up to December 31, 1905, has been 265, and the total agnount paid thereunder has been $258,485.49. All of these claims except 41 were settled out of court. Many suits for damages have been brought under chapter 436 of the Acts of the year 1904, which provided that the owners of real estate situated in that part of the town of Boylston lying on the southerly and southeasterly sides of the reservoir and within the limits of the Nashua River watershed should have the right to recover for the depreciation in value of real estate not taken but injured by reason of the operations of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, in a manner similar to that provided for owners of real estate in the town of West Boylston. No settlements have yet been effected, and no trials have been reached in the pending suits. 18 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. (8) CLAIMS ON ACCOUNT OF DIVERSION or WATER. There have been no claims filed during the year for damages for the diversion of water. The total sum paid under settlements and judgments for such claims since the beginning of the construction of the Water Works has been $1,135,708.91. The sums enumerated as paid in these and in the preceding cases do not include amounts paid for expert services and court expenses. IV. WATER WORKS MAINTENANCE. The maintenance and operation of the Water Works, with the exception of the Wachusett Reservoir and Aqueduct and the Clinton Sewerage Works, have been in charge of the Engineer of the Sud- bury and Distribution departments. He is assisted by Charles E. Haberstroh, who has the immediate supervision of the Sudbury and Cochituate works and of the portion of the Weston Aqueduct above the Weston Reservoir; by George E. Wilde, who has the immediate supervision of the Weston Reservoir and the remainder of the Weston Aqueduct and of all the reservoirs and pipe lines within the Metropolitan District ; and by John W. Lynch, who has charge of the several pumping stations. The maintenance of the Wachusett Reservoir and Aqueduct has been in charge of the Engineer of the Dam and Reservoir Department. (1) OPERATION OF WORKS. Maintenance in connection with the Water Works has embraced the care and operation of the Chestnut Hill high-service and low- service pumping stations ; the Spot Pond, Arlington and West Roxbury pumping stations ; the Clinton sewerage pumping station and filter-beds at Clinton ; the Pegan Brook pumping station and filter-beds at Natick ; the Mystic pumping station at Medford ; the Wachusett Reservoir, Lake Cochituate, the Sudbury Reservoir, and the various smaller storage reservoirs in the Sudbury watershed ; the Marl borough filter-beds ; Spot Pond, Chestnut Hill Reservoir, and the smaller distributing reservoirs in different portions of the District; the Cochituate, Sudbury, Wachusett and Weston aque- ducts ; about 84 miles of distributing pipes ; as well as the various pipe yards, gate-houses, siphon and terminal chambers and other struc- tures connected with the several reservoirs and aqueducts, dwellings No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 19 for attendants, and various other buildings used or held for operat- ing purposes. All of these works, with the exception of the Mystic pumping station, have been in active operation during the year. (2) STORAGE RESERVOIRS. The reservoirs of the Cochituate and Sudbury watersheds have normal capacities amounting to 15,858,500,000 gallons, though a somewhat larger amount of water is actually held by these reservoirs at the periods of maximum height of the water. These capacities are as follows : Cochituate watershed : Gallons. Lake Cochituate, including Dudley Pond, . . . 2,242,400,000 Sudbury watershed : Sudbury Reservoir, * 7,253,500,000 Framingham Reservoir No. 1, . , . . . 287,500,000 Framingham Reservoir No. 2, . , '..... . 529,900,000 Framingham Reservoir No. 3 1,183,500,000 Ashland Reservoir, 1,416,400,000 Hopkinton Reservoir, 1,520,900,000 Whitehall Reservoir, 1,256,900,000 Farm Pond 167,500,000 Total, . . . 15,858,500,000 The new Wachusett Reservoir has a capacity of more than 63,- 000,000,000 gallons. The quantity of water stored in all of the storage reservoirs, including the Wachusett Reservoir, on January 1, 1905, was 15,638,- 100,000 gallons. This quantity was increased by the early rainfalls in January by about 4,000,000,000 gallons. Subsequently the quantity was lessened until the spring rains came. By these rains the quantity was increased to a maximum, on May 1, of 33,708,- 200,000 gallons. In the following four months there was a loss in storage of about 7,000,000,000 gallons. The early rains of Septem- ber, however, caused an increase of about 4,000,000,000 gallons, and at the end of the year the quantity stored was 28,971,900,000 gallons, an excess of 13,333,800,000 gallons over the quantity in storage at the end of the preceding year. The Wachusett Reservoir contained, at the beginning of the year 1905, 4,409,600,000 gallons of water, the water being 33 feet deep 20 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. at the dam. The largest quantity of water held in the reservoir was on April 28, when it contained 20,697,900,000 gallons, having a depth at the dam of 65.6 feet. There were 17,115,300,000 gallons in storage at the end of the year. An average of 2,309,000 gallons per day was discharged from the reservoir into the river below the dam, under the requirements of law, for the use of the Lancaster mills and others. Had there been a normal rainfall, especially dur- ing the earlier part of the year, when the larger part of water in storage is collected, a much greater quantity would have been stored. An average of 71,877,000 gallons per day was drawn from the Wachusett Reservoir and conveyed through the Wachusett Aqueduct into the Sudbury Reservoir. The Sudbury Reservoir was kept full or nearly full during the entire year, as well as Fraruingham Reser- voir No. 3. The water in the Sudbury Reservoir in part overflowed or was discharged through pipes into Framingham Reservoir No. 3, which is situated directly below upon the river, and in part was dis- charged into the Weston Aqueduct. Water was drawn from Fram- ingham Reservoir No. 2 during periods amounting to 10 months ; from Ashland Reservoir during 6 months ; from Hopkinton Reser- voir during 6 months ; and from Whitehall Reservoir during a period of about 2 months. During all or parts of 15 days water was drawn from Framingham Reservoir No. 1 and discharged into Lake Cochituate. No water was drawn from Farm Pond for the use of the Metropolitan District during the year. Lake Cochituate was maintained at a high level during nearly all of the year, the lowest level reached being in November, when the surface of the water was about 6|- feet below high water. An aver- age of 15,313,000 gallons per day was drawn from the lake during the year. During the month of July 20,800,000 gallons were dis- charged from Dudley Pond into Lake Cochituate. The water from Dug Pond is received into the lake by an overflow pipe. It is estimated that the Spot Pond watershed yielded an average of 310,000 gallons per day, which was in addition to the quantity pumped into the pond. Near the Sudbury Dam a gravel driveway has been built over the northerly end of the dam to the head-house of the Weston Aqueduct, and unsightly places below the dam have been covered with loam. A large number of trees have been set out on the grounds, and slight repairs have been required on the retaining wall of the channel No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 21 below the dam. At Lake Cochituate, and also at the Framingham and Ashland reservoirs and at Farm Pond, various repairs have been required on the buildings and gate-houses and in the masonry con- nected with the dams. (3) DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIRS. The distributing reservoirs, being situated within the Metropoli- tan District, are maintained both for facilitating the distribution of water and affording protection in cases of emergency. They are usually kept filled, or nearly filled, with water. The Weston Reser- voir is included in the list of distributing reservoirs, as it contains a considerable quantity of water which is available for emergencies, although its particular purpose is that of an equalizing reservoir. The capacities of these reservoirs are as follows : Capacity In Gallons. Spot Pond, . . . . . 1,791,700,000 Chestnut Hill Reservoir, . . . .-'"" . 300,000,000 Fells Reservoir . 41,400,000 Mystic Reservoir, 26,200,000 Waban Hill Reservoir, 13,500,000 Forbes Hill Reservoir, 5,100,000 Bear Hill Reservoir, 2,450,000 Arlington Standpipe, 550,000 Forbes Hill Standpipe, 330,000 Weston Reservoir, 200,000,000 Total . 2,381,230,000 The grounds about the Chestnut Hill Reservoir, Spot Pond, Fells, Mystic and Forbes Hill reservoirs are kept in an attractive condi- tion, and considerable expenditures have also to be made for the care of the driveways and shrubbery. There are many visitors to these grounds during the summer season, and the people are per- mitted to frequent them, subject to such regulations as are necessary for the purpose of keeping the grounds in proper order and pre- venting the pollution of the water. Considerable work has been required at the Chestnut Hill Reser- voir in the replacing and rebuilding of walks, and in the repairs and renewals for the various gate-houses. The water of the Mystic Reservoir was shut off, and the reservoir, for the first time in thir- teen years, was thoroughly cleaned. Other repairs of a minor 22 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. nature have been required on various buildings and gate-houses con- nected with the various reservoirs. Mystic Lake, having a capacity of 380,000,000 gallons, is not now used for purposes of water supply, but is maintained in good repair, and its waters may be used in case of emergency. The high-service reservoir in the city of Chelsea, by an arrangement made with the Water Commissioners of that city, may be used, if necessary, for supplying other cities and towns in the northern portion of the District. This reservoir has a capacity of 916,500 gallons. The steel cylindrical structure constituting the Arlington stand- pipe is not enclosed by any surrounding framework or barrier, and is entirely unprotected. Standing at the top of Arlington Heights, it is seen from a great distance in all directions. It not only lacks the protection which such a permanent structure should be afforded, but presents an unsightly appearance for an important public work. The Board has recommended to the Legislature of the present year an appropriation for enclosing the standpipe with a masonry tower. (4) AQUEDUCTS. The Wachusett Aqueduct was in use 266 days during the year, and an average of 71,877,000 gallons per day was conveyed during the periods of its use to the Sudbury Reservoir. This aqueduct was closed for a thorough cleaning during 6 days. It has been the policy during the year to draw water from Lake Cochituate and the reservoirs on the Sudbury River when their supply is sufficient for the purpose and of acceptable quality, in order that the Wachu- sett Reservoir may be more speedily filled. The Sudbury Aqueduct was in operation 359 days, it being shut off during the remaining days of the year for cleaning. An average of 75,384,000 gallons per day was conveyed through the aqueduct and discharged principally into Chestnut Hill Reservoir, but at times water was discharged into pipes leading to the pumping station. Many of the manhole openings, which were built at intervals along the aqueduct for access, were reconstructed in part and improved. The Cochituate Aqueduct was in service on 249 days, and during the period when not in use the aqueduct was thoroughly cleaned. An average of 15, 313, 000 gallons per day was conveyed through the aqueduct, and, as in the Sudbury Aqueduct, discharged into the Chestnut Hill Reservoir or into pipes leading to the pumping station. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 23 Several manholes have been improved in a manner similar to that which was adopted on the Sudbury Aqueduct. In the Weston Aqueduct the work of cutting out and pointing cracks, which had developed soon after construction, begun in the previous year, was completed. Trees have been set out at the reser- voir, and at one point dikes have been built in order to divert the water into a proper channel. The aqueduct was in use 302 days, and an average of 30,742,000 gallons per day was conveyed directly to the distributing pipes in the Metropolitan Water District. (5) PUMPING STATIONS. About 75 per cent, of all the water supplied to the Metropolitan Water District has been pumped at the Chestnut Hill high-service and low-service stations. The remainder of the water is not pumped, but is delivered by gravity from the Weston Aqueduct into the main pipes of the Distributing System. The total quantity of water pumped at all the stations, amounting to 35,986,230,000 gallons, was 1,024,140,000 gallons more than during the preceding year. From the Chestnut Hill low-service pumping station the water is pumped to the lower districts of Boston, Somerville, Chelsea, Mai- den, Medford, Everett and Arlington, and also to Spot Pond. The water is pumped from the Chestnut Hill high-service station to the higher districts of Boston, Quincy, Watertown, Belmont and a part of Milton. Water is pumped a second time from Spot Pond to Melrose, Revere, Winthrop, Nahant, Swampscott and the higher portions of Somerville, Chelsea, Maiden, Medford and Everett, from a station in Arlington to Lexington and the higher portions of Arlington, and from a station in West Roxbury to the higher por- tions of West Roxbury and Milton. The quantity of water pumped in the Chestnut Hill low-service station was less than in the preced- ing year, but in all of the other stations there was an increase in the quantity, especially at the West Roxbury pumping station. At the latter station the increase was 26.2 per cent, over the preceding year. The quantity delivered from this station has become so great as nearly to equal the capacity of the station, and some action will soon be called for in order to give the requisite relief. The cost of operating the stations was $93,752.58, or $2.605 per million gallons pumped, which was 1 cent less than the cost during the preceding year. 24 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. The cost per million gallons raised 1 foot was for the Chestnut Hill high-service station $0.024, for the Chestnut Hill low-service station $0.031, for the Spot Pond pumping station $0.031, for the West Roxbury station $0.192, for the Arlington station $0.096. These prices differ, decreasing according!}' as the quantities of water pumped increase. There has been a very slight decrease in the cost of fuel. A greater amount of repair work than usual has been re- quired at the Chestnut Hill high-service station, particularly on ac- count of repairs which have been necessary in the smaller and older engines. A contract has been made for a new pumping engine for the Arlington pumping station, and studies are in progress for the build- ing of a new station in place of the temporary building which has been used since 1899. Many tests have been made during the year in order to determine the qualities of the oils used at the various stations, and also to ascer- tain the heating power and values of all the kinds of coal which have been used. (6) PIPE LINES AND PIPE YARDS. But a single break occurred in the various pipe lines in operation throughout the District. This break, which occurred near the Chest- nut Hill low-service pumping station, was caused by uneven settle- ment of the ground, and was repaired without disturbance and at a very small expenditure. There have been discovered and repaired during the year 16 leaks, the most serious troubles occurring in the crossings of the Mystic and Charles rivers. For the repair of the pipes at the river crossings the services of a diver were required, but otherwise all of the labor has been performed by the emergency and repair forces of the Metropolitan Works. It has been necessary during the year to add two meters to the number of those, principally Venturi meters, which have been placed in the main pipe lines for the purpose of measuring the amounts of water supplied to the different cities and towns in the District. There are now in operation 56 of these meters. The operation and registration of these meters and maintenance in proper condition has required the care of two men. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 25 (7) SEWERAGE AND FILTRATION WORKS. (a) Clinton Sewerage Works. There was still a decrease in the amount of sewage received during the year at the Clinton Sewerage Works, about 97.000 gallons per day less being pumped and filtered than during the year 1904. Some of this decrease was undoubtedly due to the continued exten- sion of the metering of water services in Clinton, by which the waste of water has been checked ; but more is due to the comparatively small amount of water which has run in the river, and the consequent decrease in the amount entering leaky sewers which are located near the river. Experimentation has been continued during the year in methods of using the various filter-beds and caring for them. Although there was a considerable increase in the percentage of organic matter removed from the sewage, the character of the effluent from the filter-beds has remained about the same as in preceding years. Experiments will be continued for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the system. (6) Marlborough Brook Filter-beds. The filter-beds at the head of the Sudbury Reservoir, which have been built to receive the water from the brook flowing through the city of Marlborough, and also those built to receive the contents of the overflow sewer which has recently been built, have been in suc- cessful use during the year, and they have properly filtered all the water received except for a few hours on a single day in the month of January. The beds have been subjected to cleaning, and certain repairs and improvements in the system have been made. The water entering the reservoir has generally been satisfactorily purified by the filtration. (c) Peg an Brook Filtration Works. The filter-beds receiving the water of Pegan Brook, which is pol- luted by flowing through portions of the town of Natick, have been in operation during 202 days. The storage reservoirs built to receive the flow of the brook and of the intercepting ditch, together with the pumps, were sufficient, except on parts of 6 days, to dispose of all the waters coming from Pegan Brook and the intercepting 26 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. ditch which was dug around the portion of Lake Cochituate adjacent to the Pegan Brook meadows. During the year 235,317,000 gallons of water were pumped from the reservoir on to the filter-beds. (8) SANITARY WORK AND REGULATIONS. The general inspection of the Wachusett, Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds has continued to be exercised during the year under the supervision of William W. Locke, C.E., with two regular assistants ; and laborers and others have been employed from time to time to carry out the improvements and changes which have been ordered. The services of Dr. J. J. Goodwin of Clinton, who had for several years successfully inspected the camps and other buildings occupied by laborers in construction work, were dispensed with in the latter part of the year, on account of the near completion of the contract work at the Wachusett Reservoir. There were no cases of infectious disease arising within the Wachusett Reservoir lands. There were, however, some cases of typhoid fever within the limits of the Wachusett watershed. As soon as the cases were reported they were at once investigated, and measures were taken by which no pollution should reach any stream entering the reservoir. There was a somewhat larger number of cases of typhoid fever in the Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds, but nothing occurred to endanger the purity of the water supply. It is an interesting fact that during the entire eight years of contract work upon the site of the Wachusett Reservoir very little sickness has developed among the laborers or their families, and there have been among them but 13 cases of typhoid fever during the entire period. This is the more notable inasmuch as there have been em- ployed on an average about 1,200 men during all this period of con- struction, and with many of these laborers have lived their families. On the Wachusett watershed there were inspected during the year 1,452 premises, for the purpose of ascertaining whether there were any conditions which needed correction or improvement, the investi- gations being directed particularly to cesspools, privy and sink drainage, manure piles and manufacturing wastes. Of these, 1,257 were declared satisfactory at the end of the year, and 195 unsatis- factory. Remedies were effected in 74 cases, and 13 cases were partially remedied, largely by the building of new cesspools and cemented vaults. On the Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 27 7,480 premises were inspected, and at the end of the year 7,119 were declared satisfactory, and 361 unsatisfactory. Remedy by sewer connection was obtained in 161 cases. There were remedied other- wise 10 premises; 61 premises were partially remedied; and 144 cesspools were abandoned on account of the sewer connections. Much improvement has also been etfected in both watersheds by the burning, tearing down or removal of old buildings. The various drainage ditches in these watersheds have been kept in good order and repair, and have been properly cleaned. It has been deemed proper to acquire by purchase one of the larger mill properties situated on the Quinepoxet River in that portion of the town of Holden lying near the reservoir, and two or three other small mills, the situation of which was such as particularly to endan- ger the quality of the water supply, have also been acquired. A new sanitary census of all the watersheds, which had been begun in the year 1904, was completed during the past year. There appear to be in the Wachusett watershed, embracing an area of 118.31 square miles, 1,658 dwellings and other occupied buildings, 102 vacant buildings and 273 summer cottages ; and upon this area there is a permanent population of 5,772, and a summer population of 1,900 in addition. The permanent population is 49 per square mile, and the total combined permanent and summer population is 65 per square mile. Upon the Sudbury watershed, having an area of 75.20 square miles, there are 4,607 occupied buildings and 303 vacant buildings, with a total population of 21,131, of whom 10,575 occupy dwellings not connected with sewers. This area has a population per square mile of 281, and the population per square mile in dwellings not connected with sewers is 141. On the Cochituate watershed, having an area of 19.84 square miles, there are 2,873 occupied buildings and 74 vacant buildings, and there is a population of 15,508, of whom 6,521 occupy dwellings not connected with sewers. The population per square mile is 782, and the population occupying dwellings not connected with sewers is 329 per square mile. The figures above given for the Cochituate watershed do not include 71 small cottages and camps on the shores of Lake Cochituate, with a population of 214 on August 1, 1905. Beside the regular examination of samples of water collected from the various points on the works, made by the State Board of 28 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Health, collections of samples are made weekly from many points, and these are examined by the biological force of the Board micro- scopically, and for color, odor, taste and turbidity. During the year 2,595 microscopical and 604 bacterial examinations were thus made. Boating and fishing in Lake Cochituate have so increased within the past few years that the Board has felt compelled to take some action for the preservation of the purity of the water. Although a margin around the lake is owned by the Commonwealth, this margin is narrow, and cottages are built in close proximity to the lake. The number of these cottages has greatly increased even during the past year. The attention of buyers has been publicly called to small lots laid out for sale, and propositions have been made for the establishment of large recreation and picnic grounds in the immediate vicinity of the lake. Land adjacent to the margins has also been more and more leased for short periods to campers, who erect tents and adopt practices which are far from sanitary in their nature. These various inducements held out were attracting to the lake persons coming largely from places outside of the immediate neighborhood. As water for the supply of the Metropolitan District is drawn from the northern division of the lake, the section situated north of the county road known as Lake Avenue, and is delivered from the aque- duct for a portion of the time directly into the distributing pipes of the District, the Board determined it to be necessary to prohibit, on and after January 1, 1906, boating and fishing in this division of the lake. It has, however, been the desire of the Board that the remainder of the lake should still be used for boating and fishing by those having permanent cottages about the lake, and the neighboring resi- dents, so far as is consistent with the preservation of the purity of the water. Provision has been made for the registration of all boats which shall be used upon the lake, in order that they may be brought more under the observation and supervision of the agents of the Board. Licenses are also to be issued for the use of the boats thus registered ; and beginning with the year 1906 boating is to be per- mitted only for the season extending from April 1 to September 20, inclusive. The limit in number of boats to be registered has been fixed at 125, and in the registration of the boats consideration is to be given to the question of the residence of the applicant, whether in No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. 29 the neighborhood of the lake or otherwise, and of his ownership of a cottage or permanent camp now existing. Applications for registration of boats are to be made to the Assist- ant Superintendent of the Metropolitan Water Works at South Framingham, for which blanks are furnished by the Board. It is required that the applicant shall state the character of the boat, its length, color, name, if any, and the owner's name, residence and post-office address, and the place where the boat is to be kept. He is also to state the names, residence and relationship to the owner of the persons to whom he desires licenses to be given for the use of the boat, the licenses to be limited to the owners and immediate members of their families. It is provided that the boat when used shall be in charge of one of the licensees, and shall not be let or be used for the carrying of passengers for compensation. A fee of $1 is required for registration, and the owner receives a plate bear- ing a number, which must be attached to the boat in such position as required by the agent of the Board, and which must always be kept in sight. Registration is, of course, revokable by the Board in case of any violation of the rules or requirements of the Board. Fishing is permitted during the season above mentioned, in the sections of the lake situated southerly from Lake Avenue, in boats which have been duly registered and numbered and are used in accordance with the requirements of the Board. Permission is also given to enter from the highway and fish in the lake during the same season, and to enter from the highway and fish through the ice in the same portion of the waters of the lake at other seasons. The Board trusts that with the adoption of such measures the lake may be used by those who should more properly be entitled to the use, in a manner which shall not injure the purity of the water as a source of water supply. (9) QUALITY OF THE WATER. The quality of the water has been satisfactory and has been sub- stantially the same as for the preceding two years. At times, par- ticularly in the autumn, microscopic organisms were found more than usually abundant in one or another of the reservoirs, and the water has at times acquired a somewhat more noticeable taste and odor, although these organisms have not been at all injurious to the public health. There has been little or no complaint from water 30 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. takers during the year. With the filling of the Wachusett Reservoir and the opportunity afforded for longer storage, it is anticipated that there will be in the near future a still greater improvement in the quality of the water. (10) THE WATER SUPPLY. Owing to the small rainfall, especially at the season of the year when water is collected in the reservoirs, the yield of the various watersheds has been very small in comparison with that of the pre- ceding years. The total rainfall on the Sudbury watershed was 3.78 inches below the average, and the yield of the watershed was 26 per cent, below the average of the preceding thirty years. The rain- fall on the Wachusett watershed was 5.77 inches below the average, and the yield of the watershed was also 27 per cent, less than the average of the preceding eight years during which records have been kept. Water was supplied during the year to all of the cities and towns embraced within the Metropolitan Water District, except the city of Newton and the town of Hyde Park. Water was also supplied to the town of Swampscott, which is without the limits of the District, by a special agreement made with that town ; and a small part of the town of Saugus is supplied by the town of Revere, under an arrange- ment with the Board. The estimated population, as of July 1, 1905, supplied with water was 902,090. The town of Revere was supplied with water by the Revere Water Company until April 1, 1905, at which time the town acquired the works of water supply, and since that date the town has directly supplied its inhabitants. The city of Newton and the town of Hyde Park have as yet made no application for a supply of water, and, the Board being of the opinion that these municipalities have not reached the safe capac- ities of their own sources of supply in a dry year, they have been charged, in accordance with the Metropolitan Water Act, but one- sixth of the entire assessment which they would have been called upon to pay had they received a water supply from the Metropolitan sources. The water supplied by the Metropolitan Water System to the various cities and towns amounted to a total of 43,215,210,000 gal- lons, an average daily supply of 118,398,000 gallons, and a daily No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 31 average of 131 gallons for each inhabitant. The city of Newton and the town of Hyde Park supplied from their own sources to their respective inhabitants a total of 1,194,567,400 gallons, being a daily average of 63 gallons per inhabitant. The city of Cambridge again made a request for a temporary sup- ply of water, on account of its inability to obtain a sufficiency of proper water for domestic purposes from its own works. The city was proceeding with proper diligence in the laying of a new pipe line to relieve its necessities ; but, the season being much drier than could have been anticipated, it had become impossible for the city to obtain a sufficient supply for the time being from its own works without lowering Fresh Pond to such an extent as to threaten the public health. The evidence of physicians and experts was pre- sented to the Board, showing that the health of the inhabitants of that city svould be seriously menaced if the water continued to be drawn from the pond without reinforcement from other sources. Although the city of Cambridge had not obtained any legislation, as had been expected, by which the temporary furnishing of water should be authorized by statute in case of emergenc}', the Board reached the opinion that the situation was so dangerous that it would not be justified in refusing to grant still another temporary supply, particularly as no injury or detriment could come to the Metropoli- tan District thereby. Accordingly, 269,170,000 gallons of water were furnished to that city from August 4 to September 6, the water being supplied at such times and in such quantities as the Board determined, and subject to the same limitations and restric- tions as applied to the cities and towns of the Metropolitan Water District. The Board received for this temporary supply the sum- of $13,458.50. The town of Wakefield was compelled for about a week in the month of October to suspend the operation of its works for the pur- pose of making necessary changes and repairs, and for this purpose 4,000,000 gallons of water were supplied to that town. Arrange- ments have also been made for supplying water to the United States Government reservation on Peddock's Island, through pipes which are laid to the island from Hough's Neck and across Nut Island in Q.uincy, and during the past year there were so supplied 1,608,000 gallons. 32 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. V. WATER WORKS FINANCIAL STATEMENT. The Metropolitan Water Loans authorized for the construction and acquisition of works have amounted to $40,000,000. To this sum are added the proceeds from the sale of certain property by the Board, and these amounted on January 1, 1906, to $123,765.50. The total amount, therefore, which the Board has been authorized to expend is $40,123,765.50. The amount of expenditures approved by the Board for payment out of the Metropolitan Water Loan Fund was, for the year 1905, $655,958.47 ; and the total amount so ap- proved for payment since the beginning of the work up to January 1, 1906, has been $39,044,214.23. There was accordingly a balance remaining at the beginning of the year amounting to $1,079,551.27. The Treasurer of the Commonwealth has issued from time to time, on the request of the Board, bonds to the amount of $39,150,000. These bonds were issued for terms of 391/2 and 40 years from the date of issue, and bear interest at the rate of 3 per cent, and 3^ per cent, per annum. The sinking fund established for the payment of the bonds at maturity amounted on January 1, 1906, to $4,207,045.69. The amount approved by the Board for the maintenance and opera- tion of the Water Works for the year 1905, which was paid out of the annual assessments, was $318,677.57. The assessments for the year 1905 for the payment of interest on the bonds, for the sinking fund requirements, and for the expenses of operation and maintenance of the Water Works, which were levied upon the various cities and towns in the Metropolitan Dis- trict, amounted to $2,177,586.39. Receipts from sales of water to municipalities not belonging to the District and to water companies were distributed back to the cities and towns, in proportion to their respective assessments, to the amount of $19,764.25. The detailed financial statement regarding the Metropolitan Water Works is as follows : (1) METROPOLITAN WATER LOANS, RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS. The loans for the construction and acquisition of the Metropolitan Water Works, the receipts which are added to the proceeds of these loans, the expenditures for the construction and acquisition No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 33 of works, and the balance available on January 1, 1906, have been as follows : Loan under chapter 488 of the Acts of 1895, . Loan under chapter 453 of the Acts of 1901, . . $27,000,000 00 . 13,000,000 00 $40,000,000 00 Proceeds from the sales of property applicable to the construction and acquisition of works (of which $28,194.65 is for the year 1905) 123,765 50 $40,123,765 50 Amount approved by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board for payments to December 31, 1905 (of which $655,958.47 is for the year 1905), 39,044,21423 Balance January 1, 1906, . . fl,079,551 27 (2) ISSUES or METROPOLITAN WATER LOAN BONDS. The Treasurer of the Commonwealth, under the authority given him to issue from time to time, on the request of the Board, negotiable bonds to an amount not exceeding $40,000,000, to be designated the "Metropolitan Water Loan," has sold bonds as follows : DATE or BALK. Amount of Bonds sold. Rate of In- terest (per cent.). Price received. Date due. Premium. Sept. 25, 1895 Nov. 23, 1896, Feb. 8, 1897 $5,000,000 2,000,000 6,000,000 3> zy, 3% 110.67 106.76268 107.82 Julyl, 1935, Julyl, 1935, July 1, 1935, $533,500 00 135,253 601 469,200 00 Jan. 13,1898 Mar 2, 1898 2,000,000 2 000 000 zy* 3>i 113.176 112.877 Jan. ,1938, Jan , 1938, 263,520 00 257,540 00 June 15, 1899, 3,000,000 3 100.64 July , 1939, 19,200 00 June 28, 1900, Mar. 5, 1901, 1,000,000 3,000,000 3 3 102.78 102.155 July , 1939, Jan. , 1941, 27,800 00 64,650 00 July 24, 1901 July 24, 1901, 100,000 150,000 3 3 100.375 100.10 Jan. , 1941, Jan , 1941, 375 00 150 00 July 30, 1901 Juty 31, 1901 Aug. 7,1901, Aug. 8, 1901 Aug 8 1901, ... 205,000 50,000 50,000 300,000 200,000 3 3 3 3 3 100.25 100.25 100.60 100.10 100.25 Jan , 1941, Jan , 1941, Jan , 1941, Jan , 1941, Jan , 1941, 512 50 125 00 250 00 300 00 500 00 Sept. 17, 1901, Oct. 1, 1901, ... 3,100,000 1,345 000 {* 106.71 100. Jan , 1941, Jan , 1941, 208,010 00 Oct. 24, 1901, 1,500,000 3 100. Jan , 1941, _ Feb. 26, 1902 Feb. 26, 1902, 500,000 3 000,000 3& 3> 109.13 109.13 Jan , 1942, Jan , 1942, 45,650 00 273,900 00 April 7 1903 250 000 3> 106.725 Jan 1943 16,812 50 April 17, 1903 Jan 15 1904, 1,250,000 500 000 zy 3 3K 106.1329 104.60 Jan , 1943, Jan , 1943, 76,661 26 23,000 00 Jan. 15, 1904 2,000,000 3> 104.60 Jan , 1944, 92,000 00 Mar. 24, 1B05 650,000 3K 105.761 Jan , 1945, 37,446 50 $39,150,000 $2,546,356 35 Including $18,673.60 from readjustment of rate made by the Treasurer In 1897. 34 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. (3) METROPOLITAN WATER LOAN SINKING FUND. The sinking fund established by the Treasurer of the Common- wealth has amounted at the end of each year to sums as follows : December 31, 1895 . . . $226,286 05 December 31, 1896, , . . . 699,860 70 December 31, 1897, 954,469 00 December 31, 1898 1,416,374 29 December 81, 1899, 1,349,332 97 December 31, 1900, 1,573,619 72 December 31, 1901 1,662,426 95 December 31, 1902, 2,256,803 81 December 31, 1903, . 2,877,835 59 December 31, 1904 . 3,519,602 92 December 31, 1905 4,207,045 69 (4) ANNUAL ASSESSMENTS AND RECEIPTS. Assessments for the year, amounting to $2,177,586.39, were re- quired for the payment of the interest on the bonds issued by the Commonwealth, the sinking fund requirements and the expenses of operation and maintenance of the Water Works. The requirements were: for interest, $1,335,393.91; for the sinking fund, $513,- 568.32; and for maintenance and operation, $328,624.16. These assessments were made by the Treasurer of the Commonwealth upon the various municipalities as follows : $3,699 67 10,699 51 35,832 50 16,412 09 90,560 73 8,662 33 15,689 53 10,424 06 Arlington, Belmont, Boston, . . $13,486 46 6,637 30 . 1,758,635 00 Nahant, . Newton, . Quincy, . Chelsea, . Everett, . Hyde Park, . Lexington, Maiden, . Medford, Melrose, . Milton, . 46,418 14 35,081 32 3,256 77 6,679 80 49,720 51 28,631 54 20,478 53 16,580 60 Revere, . Somerville, Stoneham, Watertown, VVinthrop, 2,177,586 39 The comparatively smaller sums assessed upon the city of Newton and the town of Hyde Park were owing to the fact that neither of these municipalities had reached the safe capacity of its sources, and had been furnished with water. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 35 The proceeds from the operations of the Board, exclusive of the proceeds from sales of property, are, in accordance with the pro- visions of the Water Act, applied to the reduction of the assessment, and these, for the year 1905, amounted to $7,708.27. The actual expenditures for the maintenance and operation of the Metropolitan Water Works were, for the year 1905, $318,677.57. (5) DISTRIBUTION TO CITIES AND TOWNS OF SUMS RECEIVED FROM WATER FURNISHED TO OTHER MUNICIPALITIES. Sums have been received during the year 1905, under the pro- visions of the Metropolitan Water Act, for water furnished, as follows : Cambridge, . ... . . ' ; . . . $28,458 50 Framingham Water Company, . . ' . . . . 387 10 Revere . . . . . 164 25 Revere Water Company, . . ... . . 54 75 Swampscott, t . . . 4,600 00 133,664 60 The Treasurer, in accordance with the requirements of the Act, distributed to the cities and towns of the District, in proportion to the annual assessments theretofore contributed by them, a part of this amount, as follows : . * f 32 78 96 71 316 39 141 79 809 65 64 60 139 39 88 02 Arlington, . . Belmont, . $114 55 59 09 16,163 59 Nahant, Newton, Quincy, Chelsea, . Everett, Hyde Park, Lexington, . , , Maiden, 423 38 305 70 28 76 28 28 436 91 Revere, Somerville, Stoneham, . Watertown, Winthrop, . Medford, . Melrose, Milton, 256 94 185 45 72 27 $19,764 25 (6) EXPENDITURES FOR THE DIFFERENT WORKS. The following is a summary of the expenditures made in the various operations for the different works : 36 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. CONSTRUCTION AND ACQUISITION OF WORKS. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. Administration applicable to all parts of the construction and acquisition of the works, Wachusett Dam and Reservoir: $12,595 94 $199 492 43 $251,674 69 $2,182 644 42 North Dike South Dike 2,219 85 19,755 53 749,508 30 135,296 84 153 361 43 2,491 419 39 39 088 55 860 789 32 Roads and bridges Real estate Damages, real estate not taken, business and loss of wages, 44,721 28 40,559 83 24,701 08 1 090 70 529,196 53 3,181,630 38 494,267 60 6 472 92 Improving Wachusett watershed, . Wacbusett Aqueduct, ... 7,164 86 3,362 58 66,089 67 1 793,600 20 2 922 445 21 Protection of Sudbury supply Improving Sudbury watershed, Protection of Cochituate supply, Improving Cochituate watershed, . 352 35 128,797 06 95,106 93 9,000 00 8,860 68 103,537 29 Pipe lines, Dam No. 3 to Dam No. 1, Pipe line, Rosemary siphon Weston Aqueduct : $33 952 35 48,471 48 23,142 98 $2 349 963 12 4,847 31 288,302 10 317 86 584 351 78 Real estate, taxes and other expenses, . 18,969 97 203,121 21 Distribution system : Low service : Pipe lines and connections, Pumping station, Chestnut Hill, Reservoir, Spot Pond Gate-house and connections, Chestnut Hill Reservoir $1,751,205 67 459,251 97 678,101 58 65 480 88 Real estate and other expenses, Northern high service : Pipe lines and connections, Spot Pond pumping station, Fells Reservoir, Stoneham, Bear Hill Reservoir, Stoneham, . Real estate and other expenses, . Southern high service : Pipe lines and connections Pumping station, Chestnut Hill, Forbes Hill Reservoir, Qaincy, . Waban Hill Reservoir, Newton, Real estate and other expenses, . $4,100 77 5,124 86 90,910 66 440,539 28 291,829 35 141,392 94 38,267 70 14,838 05 509,546 41 242,121 35 90,003 49 61,592 11 10,226 36 Amounts carried fonoard, $9,225 63 $606,553 90 $4,785,306 80 $19,507,690 00 Xo. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 37 CONSTRUCTION AND ACQUISITION or WORKS. For the Tear ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. Amounts brought forward, Distribution system Con. Northern extra high service Southern extra high service Meters and connections Improving Spot Pond Brook, Qlenwood pipe yard, Chestnut Hill pipe yard, . . . . Diversion of water, South Branch of Nashua River, 1 . Acquisition of existing water works: Reimbursement city of Boston, partially constructed Sudbury Reservoir, To Boston, for works taken Jan. 1, 1898, . To Maiden, Medford and Melrose (on ac- count) for taking of Spot Pond, To Newton, for Waban Hill Reservoir, Transfers of works acquired and other prop- erty to accounts for special works, . Engineering, conveyancing, etc Pipes, Valves, Castings, etc., sent First to Storage Yards, and afterwards transferred as needed to Different Parts of the Work. Sent to storage yards, . . Transferred from storage yards to works, and included in costs above $9,225 63 $606,553 90 76 08 1,495 72 10,798 03 379 69 36,711 68 $2,033 47 Total for constructing and acquiring of works, 1,515 17 $655,958 47 $4,785,306 80 $19,507,690 00 14,028 15 22,815 67 76,397 00 3.717 05 4,946,676 52 1,357,811 00 11,311 26 $1,157,921 59 12,768,948 80 343,570 39 60,000 00 $14,330,440 78 1,240,221 94 $13,090,218 84 70,526 22 13,160,745 06 $2,086,469 96 2,015,178 31 71,291 85 $39,044,214 23 1 Of the total expenditures from the beginning of the work, the sum of $149,432.88 is for Clinton sewerage system. MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. . . $11,005 91 29,897 73 Wachusett Reservoir Department : $424 52 1,787 15 Buildings, ..- 1,519 02 10,289 13 14,019 82 $59,354 86 238149 38 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. Amount brought forward, WachuBett Dam and Aqueduct Department : General superintendence, $1,225 15 Dam and aqueduct, 8,970 05 Clinton sewerage system : Pumping station, 2,582 72 Sewers, screens and fllter-beds 2,924 89 Sanitary inspection, 1 00 Sudbury Department: General superintendence, . $3,978 S3 Superintendence, Framingham office, 6,970 18 Ashland Reservoir 2,04408 Hopkinton Reservoir 2,260 25 Whitehall Reservoir 280 34 Framingham Reservoirs, 1, 2 and 3, 4,749 35 Sudbury Reservoir 6,196 15 Lake Cochituate 3,551 23 Marlborough Brook filters, 2,928 00 Pegan filters 2,598 02 Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds 901 41 -Sanitary inspection, 2,46054 Cochituate Aqueduct 5,678 71 Sudbury Aqueduct 10,720 58 Weston Aqueduct 15,619 67 Biological laboratory 2,730 01 Distribution Department : Superintendence, $10,745 30 Arlington pumping station, pumping service, 5,880 60 Chestnut Hill low-service pumping station, pumping service, . . . 32,279 38 Chestnut Hill high-service pumping station, pumping service, . . 37,298 30 Spot Pond pumping station, pumping service 11,029 91 West Roxbury pumping station, pumping service, 6,916 26 Arlington standpipe 1 60 Bear Hill Reservoir 109 84 Chelsea Reservoir 7 65 Chestnut Hill Reservoir, 9,118 30 Fells Reservoir, 730 94 Forbes Hill Reservoir, 1,181 19 Mystic Lake, conduit and pumping station 2,235 98 Mystic Reservoir 2,016 53 Waban Hill Reservoir, 472 32 Weston Reservoir 1,725 12 Spot Pond, 12,499 88 Buildings at Spot Pond 52498 Pipe lines : Low service 10,928 54 Northern high service 4,508 22 Southern high service 2,885 48 Supply pipe lines 779 82 Amounts carried forward, $153,875 64 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 39 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. $153,875 64 $147,725 52 Distribution Department Con. Buildings at Chestnut Hill ... 1 456 76 963 04 4 118 43 Stables 4,698 57 2,583 57 3,256 04 Total for maintaining and operating works ' . ' . 170,952 05 $318,677 57 (7) DETAILED FINANCIAL STATEMENT UNDER METROPOLITAN WATER ACT. The Board herewith presents, in accordance with the require- ments of the Metropolitan Water Act, a detailed statement of the expenditures and disbursements, receipts, assets and liabilities for the year 1905. (a) Expenditures and Disbursements. The total amount of the expenditures and disbursements on ac- count of construction and acquisition of works for the year beginning January 1, 1905, and ending December 31, 1905, is $655,958.47 ; and the total amount from the time of the organization of the Met- ropolitan Water Board, July 19, 1895, to December 31, 1905, is $39,044,214.23. For maintenance and operation the expenditures for the year have been $318,677.57, and from the beginning of the work, $2,231,214.01. The salaries of the commissioners, and other expenses of admin- istration, have been apportioned to the construction of the works and to the maintenance and operation of the same, and appear under each of those headings. The following is a division of the expenditures according to their general character : 40 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. GENERAL CHARACTER OP EXPENDITURES. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. CONSTRUCTION OF WORKS AND ACQUISITION BY PURCHASE OR TAKING. Administration. $4,666 66 1,601 92 3,283 98 181 99 1,510 11 64 60 147 45 617 69 420 00 101 54 $12,595 94 $9,302 24 8,434 65 38,431 62 123 00 8,290 55 2,671 14 129 04 1,083 89 669 21 122 51 15 00 587 67 256 15 100 49 1 50 78 29 1,968 71 1,002 14 1,260 00 35 57 82 06 74,645 43 $87,241 37 $105,643 58 45,717 03 52,508 13 2,359 00 3,591 08 10,182 09 2,627 97 4,280 89 5,743 27 10,355 63 4,275 80 4,390 22 $251,674 69 $202,410 23 145,225 49 984,705 40 23,560 07 289,645 89 35,199 53 26,735 19 43,856 85 25,466 29 7,575 36 19,240 73 24,504 15 6,625 59 14,977 46 13,939 86 2,938 36 21,827 39 18,449 16 12,595 75 4,513 74 1,274 49 9,866 87 8,211 10 8,534 27 1,951,879 22 $2,203,553 91 Secretary and auditor Clerks and stenographers Travelling Stationery and printing Postage, express and telegrams, Alterations and repairs of buildings, Telephone, lighting, heating, water and care of building, Rent and taxes, main office Miscellaneous expenses, Engineering. * Chief engineer and department engineers, Principal assistant engineers Consulting engineers Architects Postage, express and telegrams, Engineering and drafting instruments and tools, Engineering and drafting supplies, . Books, maps and photographic supplies, Furniture and fixtures Alterations and repairs of buildings : Main office Telephone, lighting, heating, water and care of buildings : Sub-offices Rent and taxes, main office Rent of sub-offices and other buildings, . Clinton office building Miscellaneous expenses No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 41 GENERAL CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURES. For the Year ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. $87,241 37 $2,203,553 91 Construction . Preliminary work (borings, test pits and other investigations) : Advertising $117 67 $6,306 22 Other preliminary work as given in detail in preceding annual report 75 155,457 41 118 42 161,763 63 Contracts, Wachusett Reservoir : Contracts completed and final payments made prior to January 1, 1905, . - $2,561,668 95 Bu^ch Bros., excavating soil, Sect. 6, and building road, West Boylston and Boyl- ston, $600 due, deducted from estimate, September 5, 1900 34,560 63 Newell & Snowling Construction Co., build- V^ * ing a part of Newton Street and improv- Ol ing Crescent Street, West Boylston, . 4,812 25 The H. Gore Co., surfacing highways, West "k* Boylston, Sect. 1 6,45727 *& 6,457 27 The H. Gore Co., surfacing highways, West &r Boylston, Sect. 2, 8.058W 8,058 67 Bruno, Salomone & Petitti, Sect. 10, Wachu- ^S* sett Reservoir, Boylston and West Boyl- ^92,884 65 617,653 21 Mc Arthur Bros. Co., building Sect. 2 of th) South Metropolitan System. Charles River Valley Sewer, Loans under the Acts of the years 1889 and 1900, . - $800,046 27 Amount approved by the Metropolitan Sewerage Commission for payment to December 31, 1905, . $800,046 27 Neponset River Valley Sewer. Loans under various acts of the Legislature (given in detail in report for the year 1901), . . . 900,000 00 Loan, chapter 315, Acts of 1903, .... 4,000 00 Proceeds from pumping ground water, ... 109 50 Amount approved by the Metropolitan Sewerage Commission and the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board for payment to December 31, 1905 (of which f 2,269 .54 is for the year 1905), . . 905,733 80 High-level Sewer. Loan under chapter 424 of the Acts of 1899, original loan, - 4,600,000 00 Loan, chapter 356 of the Acts of 1903, . . . 996,000 00 Loans, chapters 230 and 246 of the Acts of 1904, . 392,000 00 Proceeds from sales of property and other sources to December 31, 1905 (of which |644,28 is for the year 1905) 6,512 77 Amounts carried forward, $1,705,780 07 $7,698,668 54 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 57 Amounts brought forward, . $1,705,780 07 $7,698,668 54 Amount approved by the Metropolitan Sewerage Commission and the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board for payment to December 31, 1905 (of which $41,510 65 is for the year 1905), . . 5,918,262 59 7,624,042 66 Balance, South Metropolitan System, January 1, 1906, $74,625 88 (2) ISSUES or METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE LOAN BONDS. The Treasurer of the Commonwealth, under the authority of the successive statutes, has from time to time issued bonds designated " Metropolitan Sewerage Loan," as follows : METROPOLITAN SEWER LOANS, NORTH SYSTEM. Bonds issued. DATE OP SALE. Amount of Bonds sold. Bate of In- terest (per cent.). Price received. Date due. Premium. Apr. 2, 1890 Apr. 2, 1890, . . . . .. Apr. 2, 1890 Apr. 2, 1890, $500,000 500,000 500,000 500,000 3 3 3 3 102.40 103.02 103.62 102.327 Jan. 1, 1930, Jan. ,1930, Jan. , 1930, Jan. , 1930, $12,000 00 15,100 00 18,100 00 11,635 00 Apr 1890 200,000 3 103 Jan. , 1930, 6 000 00 Feb., 1891 50,000 300,000 3 3 104. 104. Jan. , 1930, Jan. , 1930, [ 35,130 30 * Mar , 1891, . . . . . 18,000 3 104. Jan. , 1930, Jan., 1892 35,000 29,000 3 3 100. 100. Jan. , 1930, Jan. , 1930, - Mar., 1892, . . ."..-. June 1892 . . 50,000 436000 3 3 101. 101 50 Jan. , 1930, 50000 1 July 1892, ..... 150,000 3 101 50 Jan. , 1930, \- 11,060 00 > Aug., 1892 Nov 1892 . . . 150,000 3,000 3 3 101.60 100 50 Jan. , 1930, Jan. 1930, j 15 00 Nov 1892 200 000 3 100 Jan 1930 Jan., 1893 35,000 3 100.50 Jan. , 1930, 176 00 Jan., 1893, Feb 1893 . . 25,000 20000 3 3 100.50 101 Jan. , 1930, Jan. 1930, 126 00 200 00 Feb. 1893, .... 6,000 3 100.50 Jan. , 1930, 25 00 400,000 3 100.25 Jan. , 1930, 1,000 00 Mar., 1893 94,000 3 100.25 Jan. , 1930, 235 00 May 1,1894, Oct , 1894, 464,000 4000 3 100. 100. Jan. , 1980, Jan. , 1930, Oct., 1894 1,000 100. Jan. , 1930, Nov 1894 . ... 15 000 100. Jan. , 1930, Nov., 1894, 10,000 100. Jan. , 1930, Dec., 1894 Apr., 1895 6,000 300,000 3 100. 100. Jan. , 1930, Jan. , 1930, - Dec 1896 . . . . . 30 000 3 100 Jan. 1, 1930, 1 Readjustment of Treasurer. 58 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. METROPOLITAN SEWER LOANS, NORTH SYSTEM Concluded. Bonds issued Concluded. DATE OP SALE. Amount of Bonds sold. Rate of In- terest (per cent.). Price received. Date due. Premium. June, 1897, June, 1897 $70,000 10,000 3% 3>2 106.243 106.243 Jan. , 1930, Jan. , 1930, | $5,084 80i Apr., 1898, . ... 5 000 3 100 Jan. , 1930, June 1898 155 000 zy 100 Jan 1930 22 843 75 l June 1898, 60 000 %% 100 Jan 1930 Apr., 1900 265,000 3 103 948 Jan. , 1930, 10,462 20 May 1903 200 000 3> 104 9797 Jan 1930 9 959 40 May, 1903 50 000 8> 106 2424 Jan 1943 3,121 20 July, 1903 250 000 3/ 104 419 July 1943 11 047 50 $6,095,000 $173,819 15 METROPOLITAN SEWER LOANS, SOUTH SYSTEM. Bonds issued. DATE OF BALK. Amount of Bonds sold. Rate of In- terest (per cent.). Price received. Date due. Premium. Apr. 1890, $100 000 3 103 Jan. 1 1930, $3,000 00 Apr., 1890, ..... May, 1890 400,000 300 000 3 3 103. 104 Jan. 1, 1930, Jan 1 1930 12,000 00 12 000 00 Aug., 1895, Feb 1896 300,000 50 000 3 3 100.585 100 Mar. 1, 1935, Mar 1 1935 1,755 00 Dec., 1896, 135 000 3 100 Mar 1, 1935 Dec., 1896, June, 1897, 15,000 300,000 3 zy a 100. 106.98 Mar. 1, 1935, Mar. 1, 1935, 20,940 00 June, 1898 June, 1899, . . . . 35,000 25000 3% 3 " 100. 100.64 Mar. 1, 1935, Mar. 1, 1936, 4,088 00 l 160 00 June, 1899, 1,000,000 3 100.64 July 1, 1939, 6,400 00 Sept., 1900, Sept 1900 10,000 912 3 3 100.79 100 July 1, 1939, July 1 1939 79 00 Apr., 1901 Sept., 1901 Sept., 1902 40,000 2,000,000 14,000 3 3% 3 100.915 106.71 100. Mar. 1, 1936, July 1, 1940, July 1, 1939, 366 00 134,200 00 Sept., 1902, Sept 1902 500,000 150 000 3% 3% 107.243 107 2395 July 1,1940, July 1 1940 36,215 00 10 859 25 Dec., 1902 Feb., 1903, ..... 200,000 100,000 9X 3} 107.79 108 25 July 1, 1940, July 1, 1940, 15,580 00 8 230 56 ! Apr., 1903 Apr., 1903, Apr 1903 100,000 175,000 203 000 3y a zy, 3% 106.75 106.75 106 75 July 1, 1940, July 1, 1940, July 1 1940 6,750 00 11,812 50 Apr 1903 25 000 3/4 106 494 July 1 1940 1 623 50 Apr., 1903, 133 000 Z% 105.9364 July 1, 1940 7 895 42 May, 1903 May, 1903, 996,000 4 000 zy x 3)4 106.2424 105 5453 Jan. 1, 1943, Mar. 1, 1935 62,174 31 221 81 July, 1904 392,000 3% 104.929 July 1, 1944, 19 321 68 $7,702,912 $389,374 53 Readjustment of Treasurer. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 59 (3) METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE LOANS SINKING FUND. Under authority of chapter 122 of the Acts of 1899, and section 14 of chapter 424 of the Acts of 1899, the Treasurer of the Com- monwealth was required to consolidate the sinking funds of all the Metropolitan sewerage Joans into one fund, to be known as the Metropolitan Sewerage Loans Sinking Fund. The Board received, during the year, from rentals and from other sources, to be applied to the sinking fund, $75. The sinking fund established has amounted at the end of each year to sums as follows : December 81, 1899, December 31, 1900, December 31, 1901, December 31, 1902, $361,416 59 454,520 57 545,668 26 636,084 04 December 31, 1903, December 31, 1904, December 31, 1905, 754,690 41 878,557 12 1,008,724 95 (4) ANNUAL APPROPRIATIONS, RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES. The annual appropriations for the maintenance of the Metropoli- tan Sewerage Works, the receipts of the Board which are added to the appropriations for maintenance, and the expenditures for main- tenance for the year ending December 31, 1905, have been as follows : North Metropolitan System. Balance January 1, 1905 $21,593 22 Appropriation under chapter 215 of the Acts of 1905, . . . 127,000 00 Receipts from pumping and from other sources 1,821 00 Amount approved by the Board for payment, . Balance January 1, 1906, . $150,414 22 117,517 07 132,897 15 South Metropolitan System. Balance January 1, 1905, * f 410 48 Appropriation under chapter 214 of the Acts of 1905, . . . 144,920 00 Receipts from sales of property, from pumping and from other sources, 885 57 Amount approved by the Board for payment, Balance January 1, 1906, f!46,216 05 146,076 06 f!39 99 60 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. (5) ANNUAL ASSESSMENTS. Assessments for the year, amounting to $378,507.29 for the North Metropolitan System and to $441,566.78 for the South Metropolitan System, were required for the payment of interest and sinking fund requirements and the cost of maintenance and operation of works. The requirements for the North Metropolitan System were : for interest, $195,409.32; for the sinking fund, $51,807.19; and for maintenance, $131,290.78. For the South Metropolitan System the requirements were: for interest, $248,235.92; for the sinking fund, $45,729.02 ; and for maintenance, $147,601.84. These assess- ments were made upon the cities and towns in the respective dis- tricts in accordance with the ratios determined by the Apportionment Commissioners under chapter 439 of the Acts of the year 1889 and chapter 224 of the Acts of the year 1899, and were as follows : North Metropolitan Sewerage System. Arlington, f8,320 12 Somerville, f 51,853 10 Belmont, . . . 4,769 69 Stoneham, 5,105 05 Boston, . 66,616 40 Wakefield, . 7,866 30 Cambridge, . . 89,341 00 Winchester, . 7,944 84 Chelsea, . 25,166 15 Winthrop, 6,159 96 Everett, . 18,889 74 Woburn, . 11,024 37 Lexington, 2,549 18 Revere, . . . 12,693 48 Maiden, 29,709 46 Medf ord, . 18,421 41 Total, . $378,507 29 Melrose, . . 12,077 04^ South Metropolitan Sewerage System. Boston, . . $186,191 56 Quincy, . . $28,586 71 Brookline, 75,288 19 Waltham, 27,997 80 Dedham, 1 11,115 08 Watertown, . 13,604 46 Hyde Park, . . . 15,347 41 Milton, . . . . 19,637 96 Total, . $441,566 78 Newton, . 63,797 61 Exclusive of Westwood. (6) EXPENDITURES FOR THE DIFFERENT WORKS. The following is a summary of the expenditures made in the various operations for the different works : No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 61 CONSTRUCTION. For Year ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. North Metropolitan System. Original system, main line and branches, - $5,383,932 67 68,585 15 Everett branch Wakefield branch - 54,877 12 35,608 29 11,574 10 Chelsea and Everett outlets, .... Wakefleld branch extension, .... Revere extension $200 00 187 20 1,271 08 602 37 71,216 41 190,070 97 215,722 79 57 15S 06 Total Xorth Metropolitan System, . ~ ". '. $2,260 65 $6,088,830 56 South Metropolitan System. Charles River valley sewer, main line, . Neponset River valley sewer, main line, . Brookline branch $50 00 2,219 54 41,510 65 $800,046 27 $866,595 66 39,138 14 905,733 80 5 918,262 59 43 780 19 $7 624 042 66 $13,712,873 22 MAINTENANCE. For Year ending December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. $117,517 07 $1,012,779 47 146 076 06 936 356 33 T t 1 f it b th $263 593 13 $1 949 135 80 ' (7) DETAILED FINANCIAL STATEMENT. The Board herewith presents, in accordance with the Metropolitan Sewerage Acts, an abstract of the expenditures and disbursements, receipts, assets and liabilities for the year ending December 31, 1905 : (a) Expenditures and Disbursements. GKNKRAL CHARACTER OP EXPENDITURE*. For Year ending December 31, 1905. North Metropolitan System Construction. Engineers, inspectors, rodmen, laborers and others, . $22 00 1 76 Brick, cement, lumber and other field supplies, .... 796 12 Amount carried forward, . . . ' . f819 88 62 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. GENERAL CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURES. For Year ending December 31, 1905. $819 88 North Metropolitan System Construction Concluded. Contracts : Chelsea and Everett Outlets : H. A. Hanscom & Co., Sect. 56, . . . . . ' . Revere Extension : Charles A. Haskin, Sect. 61, . . . . .. ~ . Land takings, purchase and recording, , 200 00 638 40 602 37 Total ... $2 260 65 South Metropolitan System Construction. Neponset River Valley Sewer : Experts and appraisers, . . . . . Brookline branch : f 50 00 15 00 675 00 Land takings, purchase and recording, 1,529 54 $2,269 54 High-level Sewer : $175 00 Clerical services, Engineers, inspectors, rodmen, laborers and others, . . Carriage hire and travelling expenses, 295 00 15,139 48 141 00 333 33 22 00 Brick, cement, lumber and other field supplies, .... Tools and repairs of same, Contracts : Hiram W. Phillips, Sect. 43 Lockwood Manufacturing Co., Sect. 44, . . . . ' . Woodbury & Leighton Co., Sect. 44 E. W. & J. J. Everson, Sect. 66 E W Everson & Co , Sect 75 (part), 6,267 85 13 45 9,705 23 1,678 80 1,500 00 950 00 1,000 00 Lockwood Manufacturing Co., Sect. 77, 1,929 30 757 71 225 00 Legal services, Claims and allowances on contracts, . ... . . . . 31 50 1,250 00 96 00 Total . $41,510 65 North Metropolitan System Maintenance. Administration : Commissioners, secretary and assistants, Postage, printing, stationery and office supplies, Rent, telephone, heating, lighting and care of offices, Miscellaneous expenses, $5,058 34 650 86 1,571 08 102 14 $7,382 42 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 63 GENERAL CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURES. Amount brought forward, , North Metropolitan System Maintenance Concluded General superintendence : Engineer and assistants, Postage, printing, stationery and office supplies, Rent, telephone, heating, lighting and care of offices, Miscellaneous expenses, Deer Island pumping station : Labor, Coal, Oil and waste, Water, Packing, Repairs and renewals, . . . ..... Telephones and office supplies, . .... . . Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, .... East Boston pumping station Labor, .... Coal, .... Oil and waste, Water, .... Packing, Repairs and renewals, Telephones and office supplies, . Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, Charlestown pumping station : Labor, Coal, Oil and waste, Water, Packing, Repairs and renewals, Telephones and office supplies, . Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, Alewife Brook pumping station : Labor, Coal, Oil and waste, . . . . , . Water, Packing Repairs and renewals, Telephones and office supplies, . Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, Sewer lines, labor, Supplies and expenses, . . i Horses, vehicles and stable account, . Total, South Metropolitan System Maintenance. Administration : Commissioners, secretary and assistants, . Postage, printing, stationery and office supplies, Rent, telephone, heating, lighting and care of building, Miscellaneous expenses, Amount carried forward, 64 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. GENERAL CHARACTER OF EXPESDITCRKS. For Year ending December 31, 1905. Amount brought forward, Total, |8,754 08 South Metropolitan System Maintenance Concluded. General superintendence : Engineer and assistants, 4,260 91 Postage, printing, stationery and office supplies, . 353 23 Rent, telephone, heating, lighting and care of offices, 661 90 Miscellaneous expenses, ...'... 119 45 Sewer lines, labor, . 9,949 35 Supplies and expenses, 1,834 29 City of Boston, for pumping and interest, . . . 72,318 85 Horses, vehicles and stable account, .... 2,230 18 Quincy pumping station : Labor, .... . . 4,244 24 Coal, ... . . . 1,580 00 Oil and waste . . 47 40 Water, . 329 96 Packing . 42 23 Repairs and renewals, .... . 155 81 Telephones and office supplies, ... . 122 68 Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, . . 1,878 46 City of Boston, for discharge of sewage, . . 622 21 Ward Street pumping station . Labor, 14,453 34 Coal . . . . . . . 8,199 80 Oil and waste, .......... 878 19 Water, 1,117 20 Packing 98 81 Repairs and renewals, 247 58 Telephones and office supplies, ....... 239 10 Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, 4,488 40 Nut Island screen-house : Labor, 4,632 99 Coal, .' 920 50 Oil and waste 51 45 Packing, . 9 68 Telephones and office supplies, ....... 223 15 Miscellaneous supplies and expenses, 899 88 Water, 106 92 Repairs and renewals, 3 84 $146,076 06 (b) Receipts. The receipts from the sales of property, from rents and from other sources, have been credited as follows : No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 65 ACCOUNT. For Year ending I December 31, 1905. From Beginning of Work to December 31, 1905. North Metropolitan System construction, . South Metropolitan System construction,. North Metropolitan System maintenance, South Metropolitan System maintenance, Metropolitan Sewerage Loans Sinking Fund, $129 87 644 28 1,821 00 885 57 75 00 $17,153 40 6,622 27 7,176 53 1,027 43 835 20 Totals, $3,555 72 $32,814 83 (c) Assets. The following is an abstract of the assets of the Sewerage Works, a complete schedule of which is kept on file in the office of the Board : Office furniture, fixtures and supplies ; engineering and scientific instruments and supplies; horses, vehicles, field machinery, etc.; machinery, tools and other appliances and supplies ; real estate connected with works not com- pleted ; completed works, including real estate connected therewith. (d) Liabilities. There are liabilities as follows : Current bills unpaid, Due on monthly pay rolls, $6,460 24 610 55 $7,070 79 Amounts on Monthly Estimates, not due until Completion of Contracts or until Claims are settled. NAME. Work. Amount High-level Sewer : J. W. Bustin & Co., National Contracting Co., E. W. Everson & Co., . Sect. 57, reserved for repairs, Sect. 73, contract abandoned, Sect. 75, . . $100 00 5,516 17 1,000 00 Allis-Chalmers Co , Sect. 77, . . '..' i 51,000 00 $57,616 17 On the claims of the following it is impossible to state the amounts due for land and other damages, as no sums have been agreed upon, 66 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. and suits are now pending in the courts for the determination of most of them : Holyhood Cemetery Association, Boston Elevated Railway Com- pany, Boston & Maine Railroad, Mary Rohan, Mary E. Connolly, National Contracting Company, Jacob M. Mason, Martin Dings, Anna L. Dunican, Emma Dings, Carrie S. Urquhart, N. Jefferson Urquhart, Edwin N. Urquhart, Mary Doherty, Mary E. Doherty, Richard Jones, James Doherty, Michael Niland, Fred W. Baker, Catherine A. Baker, Walter J. Baker, Freda E. Baker. VIII. CONSUMPTION OF WATER. The average daily quantity of water consumed in the cities and towns supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works during the year was 118,398,000 gallons, an increase of 3,489,000 gallons per day over that of the preceding year. The consumption during the year was 131.2 gallons per inhabitant per day, as against 129.4 gallons 1 in the preceding year. The increase seems to have occurred almost entirely in the southern high-service district and in the northern and southern extra high-service districts, the last comprising the highest portions of West Roxbury and Milton. The maximum con- sumption of water in winter occurs when the temperature is lowest, and the summer maximum, though less than that of the winter, is reached during periods of drought. The measurement of the water supplied to each municipality in the District, which the Board has been able to make by the use of the Venturi meters, has shown results similar to those reported for the preceding year. An examination of the tables, giving the amounts of water consumed by the different municipalities in different months of the year and hours of the day, shows conclusively the absolute waste which occurs in many parts of the District. It is noticeable that the tables show in the coldest weather of the year a rate of con- sumption between the hours of 1 and 4 in the morning abnormally high, although during these hours but very small quantities of water are used for any legitimate purposes. The waste is shown to occur 1 The consumption per capita as stated in last year's report was less than the amount here given, as the estimate of population was found too large, and has been corrected by the recent census. The figures of consumption given here are for all of the water delivered from the various sources of supply, and they slightly exceed the figures of the quantity of water delivered to the different municipalities as measured by the Venturi meters. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 67 not only from allowing the water to run continuously in the coldest season in order to avoid the freezing of the pipes, but also from defective fixtures in houses, and leakages in the local systems. It is estimated that one-half of the increase in the consumption of water during the past year over that of the preceding year is attributable to the increase in the amount of leakage and waste, and not to the growth of population or necessary uses. In its preliminary report made to the Legislature at the beginning of the present year the Board called especial attention to the desir- ability of legislation for the prevention of waste and excessive use of water, and advised that, for the purpose of promoting this end, further change should be made in the basis of assessments. Its re- port upon this subject was as follows : The time not only when certain impending expenditures will be required, but also when the District will be called upon to seek additional sources of water supply, are both dependent upon the rate of consumption of water in the various municipalities of the Metropolitan Water District. In the year 1894, when the State Board of Health made its report, the average rate of consumption per capita in the municipalities now constitut- ing the District was 88 gallons per day ; and it was estimated that an aver- age quantity of 100 gallons per capita as a rate of consumption would be required in the year 1920, and this amount was the assumed rate for the succeeding years, so that 100 gallons per capita per day was the quantity declared proper to be used in estimating the requirements of the succeeding thirty years. It was upon this basis that the calculations as to the capacity required and the time for which the works recommended would be sufficient were made. The average rate of 100 gallons per capita per day was actually reached in the year 1896 ; and in the year 1905 the average rate in the District was 129 gallons per capita, and in the city of Boston the rate of consumption reached the amount of 151 gallons. The Board is still of the opinion, from the careful investigations which have been made, that 100 gallons per capita per day are ample, and indeed more than ample, for all the proper needs of the District, and that it is both possible and practicable to prevent the unnecessary use and waste which make up the excess. In the lack of further legislation, the remedy for the over-consumption lies with the local authorities of the various municipalities of the District. In the year 1904 the Legislature changed in part the basis upon which the assessments upon the various cities and towns were fixed. It was pro- 68 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. vided that, beginning with the year 1906, assessments should be made in the cities and towns other than Boston, one- third in proportion to their respective valuations, and two-thirds in proportion to the quantity of water respectively consumed by them, the Legislature of that year substituting, so far as these cities and towns were concerned, consumption as an element of assessment instead of population. The assessment of the city of Boston remained as originally fixed, being based upon the proportion which its valuation bears to the total valuation of the District. It is believed by the Board that the time has come when the principle of consumption should be made an element in the assessment of Boston, as well as in the assessments payable by the other cities and towns. The reason why a certain discrimination was made in the original act against the city of Boston, because the act provided that the works of water supply of that city should be taken and paid for, has now lost much of its force. It is believed that making consumption an important element in the ques- tion of assessment will not only tend to decrease the consumption in the city of Boston, but prove the most effective means of postponing the large expenditures which may be required in the future. Although the act of the year 1904 takes effect in the current year, the good results which have come from the enactment of the statute have been already seen in the movements which have been begun in several of the municipalities, looking to the in- troduction of meters, and a more rigorous inspection in the interest of de- creasing the yearly assessments. The application of meters and more careful inspection are greatly to be desired, and it is far preferable that these should be supplied by the action of the local authorities than compelled by general legislation. The Board urges not only the desirability of general legislation, but also urges upon the various municipalities of the District the adoption of measures, through the introduction of meters, rigorous inspection or otherwise, which shall tend to decrease the unneces- sary consumption, and to save unnecessary burdens which fall not only upon the people of the District itself, but, in case of uncalled- for extensions of works, upon residents of other portions of the Commonwealth, whose lands are taken, whose other properties are affected in value, and whose business interests are impaired. IX. ELECTROLYSIS. Investigations and experiments have been continued relative to the extent of the injury done to the water pipes by the underground electric currents, and for the purpose of overcoming or reducing No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. 69 the injuries which have resulted. The investigations have been made especially as to the injury or disintegration caused by the return currents of the electricity given off by the electric railway lines. Although in no case during the past year have sections of pipe been found so pitted and decomposed as to compel their replace- ment or render their continuance hazardous, it appears that the process of disintegration is steadily going on, especially in the vicinity of the electric power stations. Experiments which were begun in the preceding year in co-operation with one of the railway companies, as to the effect of the application of insulating joints, were continued. The result has indicated that, while some bene- fit has been experienced upon the portions of the pipes directly affected by the insulating joints, other injuries have resulted, and there has been a distribution of the damage over more remote por- tions, where it is still more difficult to locate the trouble. Other means must be adopted to protect the pipes from the serious injury impending. The trouble is not confined to the water pipes of the Metropolitan Works, but it is arising on the local systems of different kinds throughout the District and State. X. MOTH SUPPRESSION. Much work has been required for the suppression of the ravages of the gypsy and brown-tail moths, the region about Spot Pond in Medford and Stoneham being within the portion of the State which has been especially infested by the moths. Near the end of the preceding year there was begun a systematic but discriminating cutting of the very thick growth of trees which bordered the pond upon the west and south, and at the same time much of the dense underbrush was removed. This work was under- taken not only for the purpose of reducing the number of trees to be protected, but also for the general improvement of the wooded areas. Thus considerable firewood was obtained and sold. Much of the wood, which was badly infested, as well as the brush, had to be burned. The area about Spot Pond, on which the moths had appeared to a greater or less extent, embraced about 200 acres. There were, however, about 80 acres which were worst affected, principally by the gypsy moths : and upon these areas active work was begun in 70 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. February for protecting the trees by applying creosote to the egg clusters, by placing bands of burlap about the trees and in some cases also by encircling them with tanglefoot, and by spraying the foliage with disparene. Notwithstanding these efforts, many of the caterpillars escaped, and further applications of tanglefoot were made and the spraying was continued until the middle of the summer. The spraying of the trees was accomplished with hose by the use of a portable steam boiler and steam pump connected with two 300- gallon tanks, in which the disparene was mixed with water in the proportion of one part of disparene to ten parts of water. The mixture was conveyed from the pump to the place of application through iron pipes, to which were connected rubber hose and nozzles. At first the water was brought from the pond by water carts, but later it was found more economical to install a second boiler and pump near the pond->* At several points windrows of hay sprinkled with gas oil were laid along the boundary line of the Board lands, to prevent the caterpillars from entering from the surrounding lands which had not been adequately protected. As the result of these measures, the tract of 80 acres was but very little injured, and it is hoped that a moderate amount of work in the coming season will keep the trees on this land in good condi- tion. Some portions of the remaining land west of the pond are still badly infested with both the gypsy and brown-tail moths ; and in the latter part of November the work of protection was resumed by applying to the eggs of the gypsy moths a mixture of equal parts of creosote and gas oil, and by cutting off and burning the nests of the brown-tail moths. Similar work has been performed upon the lauds about Mystic Lake and the Mystic Reservoir in Medford and Somerville, where both the gypsy and brown-tail moths have appeared. The lands about the Chestnut Hill Reservoir had also been attacked by the brown-tail moths, and considerable work has been done in destroying their nests. The spraying of the foliage has been done by arrangement with the Boston Park Commission. The gypsy moth has made its first appearance in this region during the past season. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. 71 Beginning with the end of the preceding year, the sum of $10,123.76 was spent in the work above described. Of this amount, however, about $3,800 was expended in the cutting of the trees and underbrush. The sum of $959.43 has been received from the sale of firewood, and wood estimated to be worth $400 remains on hand. The sum of $491.08 was expended on account of the work about the Mystic lands, and $482 on the lands about the Chestnut Hill Reservoir. XI. APPORTIONMENT OF ANNUAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE SOUTH METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE SYSTEM. The Commissioners appointed by the Supreme LacUcial Court to apportion among the cities and towns constituting yre South Metro- politan Sewerage District the proportions wh^cjreach should pay during the period comprising the years 190Jj$to 1909 inclusive, on account of the annual assessment necess^Hfor the payment of the interest and sinking fund requirements^!*! of the cost of maintenance and operation, made their report o^*June 9, 1905. The Commis- sioners followed the same concl*J$bns which had been reached by the previous commission of ^fjportionment for the South Metro- politan System, and by the three commissions previously appointed for the North Metropolitan System, in fixing the payments for the interest and sinking fund requirements, that is, for the cost of con- struction, according to the respective valuations of the municipalities, and the payments for the cost of maintenance and operation accord- ing to their respective populations. Provision will have to be made during the present year for a new apportionment of the assessments for the North Metropolitan Dis- trict. Inasmuch as all the five commissions appointed to make the apportionment since the beginning of the works have adopted the same bases of apportionment, there would seem to be good reason why the matter should now be fixed by legislation, and the con- siderable expenditures attending the appointment of commissions should be saved to the District. The report and award of the Commissioners for the South Metro- politan Sewerage District are found as Appendix No. 7. 72 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. XII. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL WATER LOANS AND OTHER LEGISLATION. The Board, in its preliminary report to the Legislature of the year 1906, recommended that provision be made for further addi- tions to the Metropolitan Water Loan Fund for future construction and acquisition of works. The recommendations were as follows : It appears from the financial statement that on January 1, 1906, a bal- ance remains on account of the Metropolitan Water Loan Fund, for the construction and acquisition of works, amounting to $1,079,551.27. The Wachusett Dam and Reservoir have now so nearly reached completion that the construction of the dam and reservoir will be entirely finished during the coming season. Nearly all of the other work which, by the Metropolitan Water Act of 1895, was contemplated to be performed during the first ten years, has already been completed. For the construction of the system of Metropolitan Water Works, " sub- stantially in accordance with the plans and recommendations of the State Board of Health," as contained in their report for the year 1895, careful estimates were made. When the Legislature enacted the Metropolitan Water Act in the year 1895, the Board, in addition to building works as recommended by the State Board of Health, was required to take and pay for the works held by the city of Boston for the purposes of a water supply, as well as Spot Pond and the lands under and surrounding the same, owned by the cities of Maiden, Medford and Melrose, and to make various other lesser expenditures, for which no estimates were made. Subsequent Legislatures have made still further requirements calling for large expendi- tures, for which also no appropriations whatever were provided. The State Board of Health estimated the cost of the works called for by its recommendations to be $19,045,800; and the cost of an aqueduct to Weston, to be constructed within ten years, with main pipes extending to the distributing system, to be a further amount of $4,982,000. An addi- tional expenditure for the second ten years was estimated to require a sum of $1,300,000. The Act of 1895 made provision for the issue of bonds to the amount of $27,000,000. Subsequently, in the year 1901, after a settlement had been effected with the city of Boston, under which it was provided that $12,768,948.80 should be paid for its water works taken, in addition to $1,157,921.59 before paid that city jn reimbursement, and $1,884,320.68 required for the completion of its unfinished works, making a total of $15,811,191.07, provision was made fora further issue of bonds to the amount of $13,000,000, making the total issue authorized up to the present No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 73 time $40,000,000, to the proceeds of which is to be added certain receipts applied to the Water Loan Fund, which have now amounted to 8123,765.50. Spot Pond and the lands and water works adjacent were taken from the cities of Maiden, Medford and Melrose on January 1, 1898, and negotia- tions were soon begun by the Board looking toward a settlement of the claims of these cities for compensation. In December of the year 1899 these cities brought suits against the Commonwealth for the recovery of damages on account of the takings of 1898. The suit of the city of Medford also included damages on account of the taking of some additional land, made in August, 1899 ; and on May 11, 1904, a further suit for a comparatively small amount of damages on account of the taking of some additional lands and rights from the city of Medford was brought by that city. Subsequently, on August 9, 1901, after the settlement had been effected with the city of Boston, the Board, with the assent of the Attorney-General, offered to settle with these cities upon substantially the same basis upon which payment had been made to the city of Boston for its works, namely, the cost of the works taken, together with interest at 3 per cent., from November 1, 1900, this being the extent of the offer which the Board deemed that it was then justified in making. The total cost of their works, under computations made from the state- ments received by the Board from the three cities, was $287,630.57; and the interest accrued from November 1, 1900, to the date of the offers, would have amounted to $7,774.02 additional. These offers not being accepted, the claims continued to be prosecuted under the suits brought in court. The auditors appointed by the court to determine the amount of the damages sustained, after a prolonged hearing, on June 19, 1905, filed their award, by which they gave to the three cities a total sum in damages of $875,452.75, to which was added interest from the date of the takings to the date of the award, of $364,027.16, the principal and interest amount- ing to $1,239,479.91. There had, however, been paid, principally under chapter 317 of the Acts of the year 1904, providing for partial payments in cases of takings under the right of eminent domain in advance of the judgment of a judicial tribunal, the sum of $342,820.68, so that under the award of the auditors there remained to be paid, as of June 19, 1905, the sum of $896,659.23. The Board has been called upon to pay legal expenses, as nearly as can now be determined, in addition to the above total, amounting to more than $41,000. Though the amount of the award had, under the advice of the engineers and experts whom it consulted, been deemed by the Board very greatly in excess of the sum believed to be due to these cities as proper compensation for their property taken, the Board, acting according to the advice of the 74 METROPOLITAN WATEE [Pub. Doc. Attorney-General, has now assented to a settlement by which the sum of $896,659.23, named as due on June 19, 1905, shall be paid, but no further interest shall be payable. Seventy per cent, of this amount is to be paid directly, and the balance at a later date. Inasmuch as the payment of the amount remaining due under the Spot Pond award will leave a sum insufficient to provide for the payment of indebtedness already accrued and the completion of works now in progress, and for the construction of such works as are believed to be required for the coming year, so that it will become necessary in any event that an additional loan fund shall now be authorized, the Board has deemed it proper to present a statement of the works which it now seems may be re- quired during a series of years to come. It is of course impossible to state with exactness the cost, especially of works to be constructed in the unde- termined future, or to estimate correctly the amount of demands which are subject to the decisions and judgments of the courts. It is estimated that there will be required sums as follows : Works completed, in Progress and deemed called for in the Coming Tear. For the payment of claims and reserves under completed contracts, for the completion of contracts and work now pending, for damages under suits and claims still unsettled, and for administration, engi- neering and legal expenses connected with the above, the sum of . f 345,000 For various works which will be required during the coming season for the completion of the Wachusett Dam and Reservoir, with the necessary administration and engineering expenses, .... 50,000 For the Chestnut Hill and Arlington pumping stations, and other work in connection with the aqueducts and pipe lines, .... 38,000 For the drainage of swamps in both the Wachusett and Sudbury water- sheds, the construction of filter-beds and other works for the pre- vention of pollution, which the Board believes are demanded for the sanitary improvement of the system, 200,000 For the construction of a masonry tower around the Arlington stand- pipe, which the Board believes to be desirable, 40,000 Total, . . . . . .- . , .. . ^ . $673,000 The payments and works covered by the first three items in the above list, and a portion of the fourth item, seem absolutely required. The fourth and fifth items relate to works upon which construction has not been begun, but which the Board believes should certainly or properly be undertaken during the coming year. There are other works for the distribution of water which have not been entered upon, but which will probably be required sooner or later during the period of the next few years. The time when these works will be re- No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 75 quired is dependent upon the success of the efforts which may be made for checking or lessening the waste and unnecessary use of water. Should the consumption of water go on increasing at the rate at which it has increased during the past ten years, a portion at least of these should be begun early in the period. These requirements are as follows : Works not yel begun, but needed from Time to Time, in the Next Few Years. For a main pipe line from Weston Aqueduct to Medford, . . $ 850,000 00 For an additional pipe line from Everett to Revere, . . - 40,000 00 For a new pumping engine at the high-service station at Chestnut Hill Reservoir 150,000 00 For a new pipe line from Medford to Maiden, .... 150,000 00 Total $1,190,000 00 There is another class of works, the construction of one or another of which may be called for at a short notice, or may perhaps be deferred for a considerable period to come. The town of Hyde Park and the city of Newton are parts of the Metropolitan Water District, and pay partial annual assessments, but as yet have not called for a water supply. When- ever they deem that their own sources are insufficient, the Board is required to furnish them water. So, also, any city or town not now embraced within the District, but situated within the ten-mile limit, must be admitted to the District, and receive a water supply on payment of such sum as the Board may determine, the sum so received not being applied to the Metro- politan Water Loan Fund, but being distributed back to the cities and towns composing the District. Inasmuch as these demands, though uncertain, may any of them be sud- denly made, it would seem that a proper appropriation therefor should now be authorized for use when the occasion arises. Works required when Additional Cities and Towns call for a Water Supply from the Metropolitan Water Works. For a pipe line to supply the town of Hyde Park, .... $ 100,000 00 For pumping machinery and pipes to supply the city of Newton, 115,000 00 For works which may be required upon admission of municipal- ities to the District, say, 100,000 00 Total, $315,000 00 The requirements, therefore, including those which may be called for during a period of years to come, are now estimated by the Board as fol- lows : 76 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. For the payment of the Spot Pond award, . $896,65923 For payments and construction during the coming year, . . 673,000 00 For works for which the time of construction is dependent upon the consumption of water, . . . , 1,190,00000 For works for which the time of construction is dependent upon the demands of municipalities, . .... . . 315,000 00 Total, . ., .......... $3,074,659 23 Deduct balance of Metropolitan Water Loan Fund on January 1, 1906, . . . ....... - . v J' 079 ' 551 27 Total, ..... . ... . . $1,995,107 96 If the policy which has heretofore prevailed should now be adopted, of authorizing a loan sufficient for the needs of a considerable period to come, under which bonds can be issued by the Treasurer of the Commonwealth from time to time as the works are called for, the amount of the appropria- tion which should now be authorized is $2,000,000. It is to be noted that, in making the foregoing estimates relative to the requirements for the future, the Board has included no estimates for the acquisition of new sources of water supply, the demand for which will be hastened or delayed according to the rate of consumption, nor has it in- cluded the amount which may be needed for machinery for the production of power at the Wachusett Dam. The amount that would be needed for the latter purpose, and the time when such production might begin, are still problematical. It is also questionable whether the amount which may be required for such machinery, which would be expended, not for purposes of a water supply, but for the making of profit, should be taken in the same manner as in other cases, from the water loan fund. For the carrying on of such work for profit the Board is of an opinion that further authorization should be given by the Legislature. The Board further recommended the passage of legislation by which it should be provided that all payments of money hereafter received from municipalities on account of their admission into the Metropolitan Water District, and the initial payments on account of water furnished to water companies, as well as all premiums received from sales of bonds issued for the construction both of water works and of sewerage works, should be applied to the respective loan funds, and not, as now provided, to the diminution of the annual assessments, as follows : No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 77 The Metropolitan Water Act, section 3 of chapter 488 of the Acts of 1895, provided that all payments of money determined by the Board to be due from a municipality upon its subsequent admission into the District should be distributed to the cities and towns in proportion to the total amount of the annual assessments paid by them respectively. Inasmuch as the payment of money determined to be due on admission of a city or town to the District is largely determined by the additional amount which will be required for the extension of the system to the municipality, there seems to be no reason why, as the cost of such extension is payable out of the Water Loan Fund, the sum received on this account should not be payable back into the loan fund. The present provision, under which the sums so collected are deducted from the assessments of the year, also causes a decrease in the amount of the annual assessment which is rather seeming than real. Section 18 of the Metropolitan Water Act provides that any premiums received from sales of bonds issued for the construction of the works shall be applied to the diminution of the charges for interest, sinking fund re- quirements and expenses of maintenance and operation of the works. Although there may have been at the outset reason for this application of sums received from premiums, it would seem more just that money received in this way should be paid, like the principal, into the loan fund. The Board respectfully recommends that provision be made by which the sums received by the Treasurer from these two sources should be paid into the loan fund. A similar recommendation was made relative to the application of premiums from the sale of bonds issued on account of the Metro- politan Sewerage Loan : The Board repeats the recommendation which it has made in the fore- going pages of this report relating to the water works, that any premiums received from sales of bonds issued for the construction of works shall be paid, like the principal, into the loan fund, and not be applied to the diminution of the charges for interest, sinking fund requirements and ex- pense of maintenance and operation of the works for the current year. In the case of the sewerage works, more than in the case of the water works, much trouble has resulted in the past from the variation in the amounts actually assessed in successive years, which has arisen from the application of the amounts received in premiums from the sale of bonds to the diminu- tion of the assessment for the year. In two successive years the amounts paid in premiums were, in one of the years, 49 per cent, of the total amount of interest, sinking fund requirements and maintenance expenses, and in the other year 41 per cent, of the total amount. Variations of less amounts have occurred in other years. Great disturbance and annoyance 78 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. have thus been caused to the local authorities, who base coming appropria- tions to be required for their municipalities upon the payment made for the preceding year. The Board further recommended that it be permitted, while con- forming to the statute of chapter 211 of the Acts of the year 1905, providing that the fiscal year of departments and boards should begin on the first day of December and end on the thirtieth day of November, and making its report thereon, including a statement of its recommendations regarding matters of legislation, to make in the month of February its detailed statement of the year's opera- tions, with the statistical tables accompanying it, for the calendar year preceding, as follows : The Legislature of last year provided, by chapter 211, that beginning hereafter the fiscal year for all offices, departments, boards, commissions and institutions shall end with the thirtieth day of November ; and further provided that the annual reports required of them shall be made on or before the third Wednesday in January. By the General Laws the annual reports of most boards and commissions are required to include the year ending on the thirtieth day of September. The Metropolitan Water Act, however, made a special provision in regard to annual reports. The work of con- struction for the year is in its most active stage in the months of September and October, and is continued, according to the weather, frequently into the month of December, when the season's work is closed. It would be im- practicable, if not impossible, to make a proper detailed statement of the work accomplished during the year ending with September 30, and to call upon the engineers, who are at that time engrossed in the work of super- vision and inspection, to suspend their efforts, and to collect and make up the data upon which the report must be made. This would not only seriously interfere with the season's operations, but would also add materially to their cost. Besides, the maintenance of public works of this character, especially water works, calls for the compilation and publication of tables relating to rainfall, yield of watersheds, consumption and other important statistics, which are of great importance as guides for economical comparisons and future construction and calculation, as well as of great value in court adjudi- cations. These tables, many of them beginning with the operation of the works by the city of Boston, have been made for the calendar year, and in usual conformity with the similar statistics made for mutual use by other large cities and districts. It has been the practice of this Board, in accordance with the special statute prescribing its duties, to present to the Legislature at the beginning No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 79 of its session a financial report of its operations, together with the recom- mendations which it has to offer relative to desirable legislation, as is done in the present report, and to make a more detailed report of the season's operations in the month of February. The Board recommends that it be permitted, while conforming to the statute of 1905 relative to the fiscal year, and making its report thereon, including a statement of its recom- mendations regarding matters of legislation, to make its detailed statement of the year's operations, together with the statistical tables accompanying it, for the calendar year, in the month of February. XIII. EXTENSIONS OF THE METROPOLITAN SEWERS IN THE NORTH AND SOUTH METROPOLITAN DISTRICTS. The Board in its preliminary report to the Legislature made further recommendations relative to needed extensions of the Metro- politan sewers in both the North and South Metropolitan districts, as follows : The Legislature, by chapter 230 of the Acts of the year 1904, called upon the Board to determine the location, elevation and size of an exten- sion of the Metropolitan High-level Sewer into certain of the higher dis- tricts of Brookline, Brighton and Newton. The scheme for a High-level Sewer, adopted by chapter 424 of the Acts of the year 1899, under which the present High-level Sewer has been constructed, contemplated an even- tual extension of the sewer to these districts. The annual report of the Board made last year showed the location and the proposed elevation and size of such a sewer, determined in accordance with the provisions of the Act of 1904, and also contained an estimate of the cost of construction of the various portions of the work. It was then declared that the time was fast approaching when the volume of sewage discharged into the Charles River valley sewer, which provides for these districts as well as for the lower territory, will have reached the capacity of that sewer, and that the relief contemplated at the time of the passage of the High-level Sewer Act of 1899 would soon have to be afforded. A full report upon this matter is contained in the report of last year. Although the low rainfall of the past year tended greatly to reduce the overflow of all sewers receiving rain water in addition to the sewage, these overflows occurred principally along portions of the Charles River sewer situated in Brookline and in the Brighton and Back Bay districts of the city of Boston. Some complaints have already been made of injurious effects arising from these overflows, which occurred on as many as twelve to eighteen days during the last year. The Charles River in the region 80 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. affected is now tidal, but when the Charles River Dam is either temporarily or permanently built, the result will quickly become more offensive and injurious. If the necessary legislation for authorizing this extension should be passed by the present Legislature, the preparation of detailed plans would undoubtedly consume the remainder of the year, and the construction of the portion which it is now contemplated to build first would involve two years more ; and it would certainly be two years or more after the com- pletion of the extension before the city and town would fairly avail them- selves of the relief offered by the new sewer. The High-level Sewer Act of the year 1899 provides that cities and towns shall connect their local sewers with the High-level Sewer ; and fur- ther provides that the sewerage systems of all drainage areas not now drained by the South Metropolitan System which are constructed after the passage of the act shall be constructed in accordance with the so-called sep- arate system of sewerage. The Act passed in the year 1903 made provi- sion for the construction by cities and towns of drains for surface or storm water separate from the sewers built for the disposal of sewage proper. Although the plan of separate sewers to empty into the Metropolitan System, if completed, would obviate to a certain extent the overflows from the present sewer, it can hardly be expected that the municipalities will complete or even begin the construction of their separate systems in the regions affected before any provision is made for the building of the main sewer which the separate system is to enter. The Board is of the belief, both on sanitary grounds and for providing the necessary entrance for the separate local systems, that the time has now arrived when the construction of a portion of this extension should be undertaken. The estimated cost of the entire extension, as given by the Engineer of the Sewerage Works in the report of last year, is $1,889,906 ; and the cost of that portion in West Roxbury, Brookline and Brighton which would first be required was estimated at $1,168,928. The Board therefore recommends that the Legislature authorize the construction of this extension, and the issue of bonds to the proper amount which may be required for its construction. A comparatively small amount of construction to be begun during the present year is needed for the North Metropolitan System. When the town of Wakefield was added to this system, a new trunk line was built from, the boundary between that town and the city of Melrose to a point in the centre of the city of Maiden near what is known as Barrett's Pond. From this location the original Metropolitan Sewer was estimated to have a carrying capacity sufficient for both the original line and the new line for a period of five years. The construction of this new sewer was completed No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 81 in the year 1901. The time has now come when the portion of the original Metropolitan Sewer below Barrett's Pond is inadequate to carry the contents of the two sewers, and work should be at once undertaken to extend the Wakefield sewer to the tidal meadows on the southerly borders of the city of Maiden, where an efficient overflow into the waters of the Maiden River can be found. It is estimated that the necessary construction will cost $55,000; and the Board recommends that authority be given for the issuing of bonds for the North Metropolitan System for the purpose of carrying out this work. XIV. FUTURE WORK. The Wachusett Dam and the Wachusett Reservoir, which form the most important features of the scheme adopted by the passage of the Metropolitan Water Act for an additional supply of water for the Metropolitan District, will be completed and will be ready for the service for which they have been built in the current year. Owing to the unusually low yield of the watershed, the reservoir has not been filled to the extent anticipated, although sufficiently to meet all the purposes of the District. About two years of normal rainfall will probably cause the reservoir to be substantially filled. There remain to be performed some work necessary for the entire completion of the Dam and Reservoir and some other smaller undertakings now in process of completion. Final settlement is to be effected in the dam and later reservoir contracts. There are out- standing claims and suits for various damages remaining to be dis- posed of. Owing to the termination of the period within which claims could be instituted, many additional suits have been brought in the past year for damage to property on account of the operations of the Board in various localities, and for damage for depreciation of value, especially of property in Boylston, under the recent act giv- ing the owners the right to prosecute. Considerable further work is required upon the pumping stations. It is also desirable that further attention should be given to the drainage of swamps, both in the Wachusett and Sudbury water- sheds, and to the construction of filter-beds and other works for the prevention of pollution . There will be required from time to time, accordingly as there is greater or less consumption of water, the laying of new main pipe lines and the providing of new pumping facilities, and, as demand 82 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. may be made, for water supply connections with other municipalities in the District not yet furnished with a water supply. The proposed improvement of Spot Pond Brook, called for by the Legislature of the year 1904, is still dependent upon action under the petition already filed for the appointment of a commission. The Board believes, from careful computations which have been made by its engineers, that the cost of the works upon which estimates were origi- nally made by the State Board of Health have not been exceeded in actual construction. This result is reached after adding to the total sum already expended on the construction of the works recommended by that Board, its estimate of the cost of the works not yet undertaken, as well as of the cost of the works which have been omitted as not necessary under the matured plans of construction. On the other hand, many of the works constructed have been built with greatly increased capacities, involving largely increased expenditures, but for which no allowances have been made. The total sum, as the estimated cost of the Metropolitan Water Works originally given by the State Board of Health, has so far only been exceeded on account of the additional works and requirements called for by the Legis- lature of 1895 in enacting the Metropolitan Water Act, and by succeeding Legislatures imposing additional requirements, and notwithstanding the fact that the cost of labor and materials has considerably increased during the latter part of the period of construction. It is probable, however, that, as the works included in the original estimates which remain still to be under- taken involve chiefly expenditures for labor and materials, the cost of these works, though comparatively small in amount, will be somewhat in excess of the estimates, if the present higher prices of labor and materials continue to prevail. There is urgent need of the extension to tide water of the trunk sewer which was originally built from the boundary line between the town of Wakefield and the city of Melrose to the centre of the city of Maiden. The Board also believes that the time has come to begin the extension of the High-level Sewer into the higher districts of Brookline, Brighton and Newton, fearing that further delay may in the future endanger the public health of communities along the line of the lower Charles River valley sewer. The entering upon new work of construction is dependent upon authorization by the Legislature. The Board is charged, in addition to the duty of construction, with the maintenance and operation of all the various works for the No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 83 supply of water to the Metropolitan Water District and for the dis- posal of the sewage of the Metropolitan Sewerage District. The report of the Chief Engineer, relating to the Water Works, and the report of the Engineer of the Sewerage Works, with various tables and statistics, are herewith presented. Respectfully submitted, HENRY H. SPRAGUE. HENRY P. WALCOTT. JAMES A. BAILEY, JR. BOSTON, February 26, 1906. 84 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. REPORT OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER. To the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board. GENTLEMEN: The following is a report of the operations of the Engineering Department of the Metropolitan Water Works for the year ending December 31, 1905. ORGANIZATION. The list of assistants reporting directly to the Chief Engineer at the end of the year is as follows : DEXTER BRACKETT, . Engineer of Sudbury and Distribution Departments. THOMAS F. RICHARDSON, Engineer of Dam and Reservoir Department. WILLIAM W. LOCKE, . Sanitary Inspector. BENJAMIN F. HANCOX, . Assistant in Charge of Drafting Department. SAMUEL E. KILLAM, . Office Assistant. Frank T. Daniels, who has been Principal Office Assistant, re- signed on December 23 to accept a similar position with the Sewer- age Commission of the city of Baltimore. The work which he has done has been placed in charge of Benjamin F. Hancox. Joseph P. Davis and Hiram F. Mills have continued as consult- ing engineers. Dexter Brackett, Engineer of the Sudbury and Distribution De- partments, has charge of work in connection with the construction and maintenance of the reservoirs on the Sudbury and Cochituate supplies, the Weston, Sudbury and Cochituate aqueducts, and the pumping stations, reservoirs and pipe lines within the Metropolitan District. His principal assistants are as follows : Charles E. Haberstroh, . Assistant Superintendent of the Sudbury Department. George E. Wilde, . . Assistant Superintendent of the Distribution Department. John W. Lynch, . . Engineer of Pumping Stations. William E. Foss, . . Division Engineer. Caleb M. Saville, . . Division Engineer. Alfred O. Doane, . . Division Engineer. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 85 Thomas F. Richardson, Engineer of the Dam and Reservoir De- partment, has charge of work in connection with the construction and maintenance of the Wachusett Dam, Reservoir and Aqueduct, and the Clinton sewage disposal works. He has had the following principal assistants : Moses J. Look, . . Division Engineer, in charge of the construction work on the Wachusett Reservoir from January 1 to Septem- ber 30, when he resigned. Alexander E. Kastl, . Division Engineer, in charge of the construction work on the Wachusett Reservoir from September 30. Frank H. Trow, . . Division Engineer, in charge of work at the Wachusett Dam. Charles A. Bowman, . Division Engineer, in charge of force reports, mainte- nance and forestal work until July 8, when he resigned. Harry J. Morrison, . Division Engineer, in charge of inspection of removal of soil until March 7, when he resigned. Ernest H. Baldwin, . Division Engineer, in charge of work at Oakdale, re- signed April 1. Elliott R. B. Allardice, . Division Engineer, in charge of the river and aqueduct gagings, and supervision of the maintenance of the Clinton sewerage plant ; since July 8 in charge of for- estry and the maintenance of the Wachusett Reservoir. At the beginning of the year the engineering force, including those engaged upon both the construction and maintenance of the works, numbered 105, and at the end of the year 65. In addition to the engineering force, which included the engineers engaged upon the inspection of the work, other inspectors have been employed upon masonry and earthwork. The maximum number so employed at any time during the year was 5. There has also been a maintenance force, exclusive of the engineers mentioned above, averaging 208, employed in the operation of the several pumping stations and in connection with the maintenance of the reservoirs, aqueducts, pipe lines and other work. From time to time special gangs of men have been employed, under the immediate direction of foremen and under the general direction of the engineers, in grading and seeding the South Dike, in building a levee across the outlet of the Carvill ice pond, in grad- ing and seeding highway slopes, constructing roadway culverts, con- structing drainage ditches below the South Dike, repairing dams at the Canada and Union ville mill ponds and at Day's Mill in Holden, in cleaning weeds from the bottom of the Wachusett Reservoir, and 86 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. in forestal work. The force thus employed has averaged 43 through- out the year, the maximum number for any week being 74. The office of the Chief Engineer and of the Engineer of the Sud- bury and Distribution Departments is at No. 1 Ashburton Place, and that of the Engineer of the Dam and Reservoir Department at Clinton, Mass. The office of the Assistant Superintendent of the Distribution Department is at Gleuwood, in Medford, and that of the Assistant Superintendent of the Sudbury Department at South Framingham. Branch offices for the engineering force were main- tained at Oakdale and West Boylston until November 21, and at the Wachusett Dam until November 28, when they were closed. ARRANGEMENT or REPORT. In continuing this report, it is the purpose to separate the work charged to the construction account from that charged to the main- tenance account ; but, as the work of construction and maintenance is supervised by the same principal engineers, and in very many cases the assistants are engaged upon both classes of work, it is not feasible to make a complete separation. CONSTRUCTION. CONTRACTS. A detailed statement of the contracts made and pending during the year is given in Appendix No. 1. The following statement gives a summary of all the contracts charged to construction from the beginning of the work to the end of the year 1905 : PORTION OF WOBK. Number of Contracts. Approximate Amount. Wachusett Reservoir, Wachusett Dam, Other portions of work, Totals, 37 15 246 $3,043,752 12 1,748,257 92 10,318,846 13 298 $15,110,856 17 Amount of 11 contracts made in 1905 (approximate), . . . $88,25941 Amount of 5 contracts unfinished December 31, 1905 (approximate), 1,906,075 00 Value of work done by contract from January 1, 1905, to December 31, 1905, 309,400 52 No. 57.] AJSD SEWERAGE BOARD. 87 In the case of all contracts completed up to the present time final settlements have been made without any legal controversy. DAM AND RESEKVOIR DEPARTMENT. (The statement of the work of this department has been prepared by Thomas F. Richardson, Department Engineer.) The principal work of this department has been the construction of the Wachusett Dam and the South Dike, the construction of highways in the vicinity of West Boylston and Oakdale, .and the completion of the removal of soil from the Wachusett Reservoir. WACHUSETT DAM. The design of the Wachusett Dam and the contract for its con- struction, which was made with the McArthur Brothers Company on October 1, 1900, were described in the annual report of January 1, 1901. The plant provided for the work, and the methods of carrying on the work, both at the quarry and at the dam, were fully described in the annual report of January 1, 1902. There has been no material change in the plant or in the methods. The total length of the masonry of the dam is 1,476 feet, made up of waste-weir, 452 feet ; main dam, including terminal structures, 971 feet; and corewall, which extends beyond the terminal struc- tures at the easterly end, 53 feet. The length of the main dam between terminal structures is 838 feet. Following are various elevations above Boston City Base : Elevation of edge of coping at top of dam, . 415.0 Elevation of flow line of reservoir, 395.0 Elevation of original river bed, 266.0 Elevation of lowest point of foundation not in cut-off trench, . . . 206.7 Elevation of lowest point in cut-off trench, 186.8 Work at the dam, which had been shut down during the winter, was resumed on March 13. Work upon the masonry, which was suspended on account of cold weather on November 28, 1904, was resumed on March 27, and the last stone in the cornice of the dam was set on June 24. The last parapet stone in the abutment and bastion was set on July 22. This practically finished the masonry, with the exception of the granolithic surface which is to form the finish of the top of the dam. 88 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Main Dam, Gate-chambers and Terminal Structures. When work upon the masonry was suspended, in 1904, the main dam had an average elevation of 396. A gap about 20 feet wide, through which passed two tracks over which stone was brought from the quarry, had been left through the masonry, the bottom of this gap being at elevation 369. A few of the coping stones of the dam had been set at the easterly end near the abutment. A large part of the terminal structure at the easterly end of the dam, known as the abutment, had been built, some of the string course stones at elevation 415.0 having been set. The corewall, extending easterly from the abutment, had been finished. As previously stated, masonry construction was resumed on March 27. It has not been possible or necessary to work as large a force or as many derricks on the construction of the masonry as in previous years. The maximum number of derricks in operation on the masonry of the main dam and terminal structures during the year has been six. All of the rubble masonry has been laid with level beds. The tracks through the gap in the dam were taken up on May 14. The six concrete piers for supporting the floor of the abutment have been extended. The floor, which is re-enforced with %-inch steel rods spaced about 71/2 inches apart, and resting on re-enforced concrete beams which are carried by the piers, has been built. The parapet of the abutment was finished, except for the tablet stones, during the week ending July 15. The tablet stones were set on September 16. The retaining wall, extending about 200 feet up stream from the abutment, was finished during the week ending April 22. The upper gate-chamber, the elevation of the floor of which is 2 feet 6 inches above the flow-line of the reservoir, and the top of which coincides with the top of the dam, has been completed. The interior of the gate-chamber is lined with face brick and the floor has a granolithic finish. The steelwork at the top of the wells and of the roof has been put in place, also the concrete of the roof, with the exception of the granolithic finish. An electric travelling crane for use in handling stop-planks, screens, etc., has been partially installed. At the terminal structure at the westerly end of the dam, known as the bastion, the interior of which is finished with concrete masonry, No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 89 the steelwork and concrete of the roof have been placed and the granolithic floor has been finished. The stone masonry of the top of the dam has been levelled up with concrete masonry to about 5 inches below the finished surface, preparatory to placing the granolithic finish, which will be 5 inches in thickness. The entire down-stream face of the dam, as far as it shows above the ground, and the up-stream face for 25 feet below the coping, have been cleaned with wire brooms and chisels. Waste Channel and Waste-weir. The excavation of earth and rock for obtaining a suitable founda- tion for the waste-weir was practically finished during the previous year, but it has been necessary to excavate a small amount of earth and rock in preparing the foundations for the small abutment at the westerly end of the weir. Considerable filling has been done on the reservoir side of the waste-weir, in preparing a foundation for the paving, the material being obtained from borrow pits in the reser- voir. About the middle of May the work of excavating from the waste channel, to prepare foundations for the Central Massachusetts Railroad bridge, was begun, the excavated material being placed in the railroad embankment. On October 7 work was begun, re- moving from the waste channel the earth and rock upon which the cableway towers had rested, this material also being used for completing the railroad fill. On October 23, after the Central Massachusetts trains began to pass over the permanent line of the railroad, work was resumed, excavating earth and rock from the waste channel on the location of the temporary line. This work was continued with a good-sized force until the end of the year, when there remained about 1,400 cubic yards of earth and 1,900 cubic yards of rock to be removed. The work of laying masonry on the waste-weir was resumed on March 30 and was completed on May 6, although considerable work was done pointing and trimming up the crest of the waste-weir after that date. It was found necessary to recut the crest of the waste-weir for nearly its whole length, in order to have it true for receiving the flash-boards. Heavy cast-iron standards for supporting flash-boards have been set about 10 feet apart for the whole length of the waste- weir. The gross length of the waste-weir is 452 feet, and the net 90 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. length, after making deductions for the space occupied by the stand- ards, is about 419 feet. The standards are arranged for carrying flash-boards 3 feet high, except for 100 feet of the waste-weir, where the crest is 3 feet below flow-line and the flash-boards are 6 feet high. The flash-boards above the level of the full reservoir are pro- vided to prevent the waste of water from waves passing over the crest of the waste- weir. Each of the flash-board standards is secured to the top of the waste-weir by 10 bolts 1^ and 13/2 inches in diam- eter, and also by a rod 1% inches in diameter and 8 feet long for the higher part of the waste-weir, and 10 feet long for the lower part. Each rod is secured to a heavy cast-iron anchor built into the masonry on the upper face of the weir, the rod being protected from corrosion by a coating of cement mortar about 1 inch thick. Fastened to the flash-board standards are steel trestles, on which has been laid a plank walk of Georgia pine 4 inches in thickness. On this walk also there will be placed a track for a small car, to be used in transporting the flash-boards from the crest to the storage room in the bastion. Above the waste-weir, for its whole length, is a paving of coursed granite, usually in 2-foot courses, and having a depth of from 18 to 24 inches. This paving is about 25 feet wide, and is laid on a 1 to 3 slope. Below this paving is a paving 18 inches thick, of uncoursed quarry stone, which extends to the original surface of the ground. The retaining wall, extending along the easterly side of the waste channel from the bastion to the railroad bridge, was finished on June 10, and the small retaining walls above and below the railroad bridge were finished soon after. Arch Bridge for the Central Massachusetts Railroad. This bridge was not included in the original contract for the dam, but has been built by the contractor for the dam under a supple- mentary agreement. This bridge crosses the waste channel about 225 feet below the waste-weir, and the arch across the waste channel has a span of 58 feet. The parapet walls of the bridge are about 170 feet long, 16 feet 9 inches apart from outside to outside, and their tops are about 45 feet above the bottom of the waste channel. East of and close by the main span is an arched opening 10 feet wide under the railroad, through which passes the road to the bastion. The arches of both spans are built of Portland cement concrete, faced with granite. The parapet and wing walls are of granite masonry. No. 57.] AND SEWEEAGE BOARD. 91 Finishing Grounds Above and Below the Dam. A large amount of work has been done grading the grounds below the dam on both hillsides, and above the dam on the easterly hillside. Large quantities of waste rock, dumped on the easterly hillside when the Wachusett Aqueduct and Central Massachusetts Railroad tun- nels were built, have been removed and the hillside covered with soil to a depth of about 18 inches. On the westerly hillside extensive grading has been done near the bastion, and the grounds have also been covered with 18 inches of soil. About 5,000 cubic yards of soil for finisteng the grounds on the westerly hillside have been obtained from pfe reservoir near the South Dike, and transported across the vrmey by means of the cable ways. Part of this soil is to be utfglu for covering the spoil banks made from material taken from^j^temporary line of the rail- road, and for covering the slopes of tl^permanent railroad embank- ment. ^ Extensive fillings have been mjjpie at the abutment at the easterly end of the dam, to make a suitajmfe approach to the dam and to bring the grounds up to the level oNpBoylston Street. Gravel paths have also been constructed and foundations placed for a wide granolithic walk leading from Boylston Street to the dam. On the easterly shore of the reservoir, above the dam, riprap iy 2 feet in thickness has been placed for a distance of 500 feet, between elevations 375 and 398. Considerable quantities of riprap have also been placed above the waste-weir and on both hillsides for a distance of about 50 feet above the dam. For draining the grounds below the dam 12 and 15 inch Akron pipes have been laid, connecting with which are 3 manholes and 12 drainage inlets. To care for the water which falls on the lower face of the dam a paved gutter has been built on both hillsides, extend- ing from the abutment and bastion to the lower gate-chamber, and connecting with the pipe drains. Extending from each end of the dam to the bottom of the valley are flights of granite steps. On the easterly hillside there are 187 steps, arranged in flights of 5 to 12, with granolithic platforms of varying lengths between. On the westerly hillside there are 177 steps. The steps are 5 feet long, have a 7-inch rise and are 12 inches wide, supported at the ends on concrete walls 14 inches thick 92 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. and about 4 feet 6 inches deep. The steps are anchored to the foundations by %-inch iron bolts. At the top of each third flight of steps there is a drainage inlet, which is connected with the pipes which drain the grounds below the dain. A foundation 18 inches in depth of stone from the tunnel dumps has been placed on the road leading along the easterly side of the valley to the limits of the land owned by the Board, and this road and the roads for which foundations were built during the previous year have been surfaced with about 4 inches of screened gravel. A road having generally a rise of 10 feet in 100 has been built from the grounds below the dam to the bastion. This road is built on the steep side hill on the westerly side of the valley, and is constructed of rock excavated from the waste channel, the rock in the slopes being placed largely by hand. The road is surfaced with about 6 inches of screened gravel. Most of the slopes on the hillsides have been seeded. Amount of Work done and Materials used. The following table gives the amount of work done to the end of 1901, the amount of work done during 1902, 1903, 1904 and 1905, and the total amount of work done to the end of 1905. The final estimate for the dam has not yet been prepared, but the total amount of work done to the end of 1905, with the 1,400 cubic yards of earth and the 1,900 cubic yards of rock remaining to be removed from the waste channel, is, approximately, the total amount of work at the dam. To December 31, 1901. In 1902. In 1903. 1904. In 1005. Total to December 31, 1905. Earth excavation (cubic yards), 43,000 31,900 68,800 59,900 55,000 258,600 Rock excavation (cubic yards), 24,370 12,020 18,800 36,810 7,350 99,360 Rubbles tone masonry (cubic yardg), 28,486 65,686 69,139 76,598 12,012 251,921 Ashlar masonry (cubic yards), 65 684 2,015 4,905 1,147 8,816 Dimension stone masonry (cubic yards), - 58 417 830 1,370 2,675 Brick masonry (cubic yards) - 407 231 398 - 1,036 Concrete masonry (cubic yards), - 5,284 1,906 914 1,621 9,726 Slope paving (cubic yards), .... - - - 370 1,545 1,915 Iron and other metal work (tons), . - 582 71 46 166 865 Roadways and paths (square yards), - - - 460 7,660 8,120 Vitrified pipe for drains (linear feet), . - ~i - 674 1,986 2,660 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 93 There have been used in the construction of the dam since the work began 81,103 barrels of Portland cement and 182,480 barrels of natural cement. All of the natural cement has been of the Union brand and a large proportion of the Portland cement of the Giant brand, both cements being manufactured by the American Cement Company of Egypt, Pa. The amount of cement used in the dam per cubic yard of each class of rubble masonry from the beginning of the work has been as follows : COMPOSITION OP MORTAR BY MEASURE. Barrels of Cement per Cubic Yard. Cubic Yards bnilt. art sand 1 43 184 0.99 179,706 1 part Portland cement to 2 parts sand 1.07 0.86 31,884 8,927 1 part Portland cement to 3 parts sand, 0.78 27,954 The amount of cement used in the dam, per cubic yard of each class of concrete masonry, has been as follows : COMPOSITION OP CONCRETE BY MEASURE. Barrels of Cement per Cubic Yard. Cubic Yards built. 1 part natural cement, 2 parts sand and 5 parts stone, .... 1.38 964 1 part natural cement, 3 parts sand and 6 parts stone 1.15 18 1 part Portland cement, 2> parts sand and 4% parts stone, . 1.36 7,107 1 part Portland cement, 3 parts sand and 6 parts stone, .... 0.99 1,464 1 part Portland cement, 4 parts sand and 8 parts stone 0.70 172 Miscellaneous Notes. When the work was started early in the spring the temperature at night was frequently below freezing, and all masonry built before April 12 was laid in Portland cement mixed in the proportion of 3 parts of sand to 1 part of cement. From April 12 to May 27 the rubble masonry was laid in natural cement mortar mixed in the pro- portion of 2 parts of sand to 1 part of cement. After this date the small amount of rubble masonry remaining was laid in Portland cement mortar mixed in the proportion of 3 parts of sand to 1 part of cement. 94 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. The largest amount of rubble masonry laid in the dam during any week was during the week ending April 29, when 5 derricks were in operation and 1,284 cubic yards of rubble masonry were laid. During that week about 45 cubic yards of ashlar masonry were also laid. The average amount of rubble masonry laid per day by each mason has been 14.1 cubic yards, and by each derrick 57.8 cubic yards. The stone for the ashlar and dimension stone masonry has all been obtained from the quarry of H. E. Fletcher & Co., at West Chelmsford, Mass. The maximum force employed by the contractor was during the week ending April 29, when 368 men and 43 horses were employed. Finish of Top of Dam and Terminal Structures. Early in the year studies were made for different designs for a stone parapet and for a metal fence to be placed on the top of the dam. The design adopted is a fence with round posts about 5 inches in diameter, with bases 12^ inches in diameter, spaced 9 feet 9 inches apart, connected by two rails %y 2 inches in diameter. The 2^-inch brass tubing for the rails of the fence has been furnished by the American Tube Works, and the brass posts and anchor bolts are being furnished by J. H. McCafferty & Co. of Boston. The work remaining to be done on the dam is the erection of the fence on the top of the dam, the erection of gates at the easterly end and of a fence around the platform at the bastion, and the construction of the granolithic surface on the top of the dam, including the abut- ment and bastion. NORTH DIKE. The construction of the North Dike was completed in 1904. A day-labor force was employed for several weeks in the spring, trim- ming up and seeding the westerly half of the dike, the maximum force employed being 14 men and 4 horses, for the week ending May 13. For the purpose of obtaining the elevation of the ground water in different parts of the dike during the time that the Wachusett Reser- voir is being filled, 15 wells 2 inches in diameter have been driven at different points on the dike. The deepest well has a depth of 90 feet, and the average depth of the wells is 52 feet. Observations have been taken of the elevation of the water in these wells, and will be continued as the water rises in the reservoir. 1 3 ); -< * - 4 ' -H*/ ^P: $$$ : > V :^^)'- fr\A;^ ' . ^ ^^ ivyjjs* ?^- ** . ^ ;. ^ -^ ?$.$$& No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 95 SOUTH DIKE. The South Dike was largely finished during 1904, the earthwork being completed except for filling the gap through which passed the quarry railroad used in the construction of the Wachusett Dam. Opposite a portion of the dike the reservoir is 2 miles wide, and the face of the dike will be exposed to the action of very heavy waves. On May 4, 1905, a contract was made with the McArthur Brothers Company, contractor for the Wachusett Dam, to place the two grades of heavier riprap on the water face of the dike. This was placed in two layers, having an aggregate horizontal thickness of 17.5 feet 4 feet below the flow-line of the reservoir, and a slope on the water face of 1% horizontal to 1 vertical. The inner layer of this riprap consisted of stones containing 2 cubic feet or less, and the outer layer of stones of more than 2 cubic feet, the outer or exposed part of this last layer consisting of stones weighing a ton or more. The stone was obtained from the waste piles of the quarry from which the rubble stone for the Wachusett Dam was quarried, and was hauled to the dike on cars and placed with derricks. The same contractor also constructed a breakwater across the out- let of the basin, formerly the Carvill ice pond, to protect a levee which was built by day labor. Work under this contract was begun on April 29 and finished on September 30, the maximum force being 32 men, for the week end- ing July 8. Under this contract there were placed 11,991 cubic yards of riprap, at a cost of $15,385.24. Arrangements were made with the contractor for the dam to fill the gap in the dike through which the quarry railroad passed with material which he was required to remove from the embankments of his quarry railroad. This work was in progress for about three weeks, with a force of 35 men and 15 horses. About 1,000 cubic yards of material still remain to be placed to fill the gap. Considerable work has been done with a day-labor force at the South Dike, grading and seeding where the tracks over which the riprap was hauled to the dike were laid, building a levee across the outlet of the basin, which was formerly the Carvill ice pond, and doing other work in connection with the completion of the reservoir. The levee, which is of soil re-enforced with gravel and protected by 96 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. riprap, has been built so that the water will be held in the basin when the water in the reservoir is more than 7 feet below high water. The area of the water surface above the levee is lO 1 /^ acres, and the water will be about iy 2 feet deep. An iron pipe 24 inches in diam- eter, controlled by stop-planks in a concrete manhole, has been provided, by means of which the water in the ice pond can be drawn off if desired. This work was in progress from September 21 to November 16. The maximum force employed was 28 men and 4 horses, for the week ending October 7. RELOCATION AND CONSTRUCTION or ROADS. The work of constructing and improving highways has been largely finished in previous years. During the past year a highway has been constructed along the southwesterly side of the reservoir, connecting WestBoylston with Oakdale, the work consisting in part of improving an existing highway and in part of building a new highway. A broken-stone surface has been placed on 2% miles of highways in the villages of West Boylston and Oakdale, also on a short piece of Boylston Street where it crossed the old location of the Central Massachusetts Railroad in Boylston. The grading of Holden Street, at Oakdale, has also been finished and the highway has been surfaced with gravel. All of the above work has been done by contract. In addition to the work done by the contractors, a large amount of work has been done on highways by the day-labor forces, which included the grading and seeding of highway slopes, erecting and painting highway railings and fences in West Boylston and Oakdale, extending stone culverts, widening a high embankment on Worcester Street in West Boylston, constructing a concrete highway culvert and six pipe highway culverts between West Boylston and Oakdale, and paving gutters. The maximum day-labor force employed was 43 men and 13 horses, for the week ending June 10. Contract 282, The Newell & Snowling Construction Company. Building a Part of Newton Street and improving Crescent Street, in West Boylston ; Dale of Contract, April 21, 1905 ; Amount of Contract, $4,812.25. The contract for this work, which included the building of a road extending about 2,930 feet from a point near the southerly limit of the shallow flowage embankment of soil near Oakdale to an No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 97 intersection with Crescent Street, and the improvement of Crescent Street from this intersection for about 2,110 feet to Central Street in West Boylston, was made with McBride & Co., on April 21. On April 26 McBride & Co., with the consent of the Board, assigned the contract to the Newell & Snowling Construction Company. Work was begun on April 29 and finished on June 9, and consisted of grading for the road-bed, surfacing same with a layer of selected gravel and laying pipe underdrains. The culverts were built by a day-labor force employed by the Board. The quantities of work done were as follows : Earth excavation (cubic yards), 20,914 Paving (cubic yards), 4 Laying 5-inch sewer pipe for drains (linear feet), 2,266 The maximum force employed was 55 men and 25 horses, for the week ending May 27. Contracts 285 and 286, The H. Gore Company. Surfacing Sections 1 and 2 of Highways, chiefly in West Boylston, with Broken Stone; Date of Contracts, May 23, 1905; Amount of Contracts, 285, $7,856.09; 286, $9,790.48. Sections 1 and 2 are, respectively, 6,487 and 8,110 feet in length. The contracts called for surfacing with broken stone the highway beginning at the southerly end of the three-arch bridge over the Quinepoxet River, extending through the village of Oakdale and fol- lowing along the northerly side of the reservoir to the junction of Sterling and Lancaster streets, and the new highway crossing the Wachusett Reservoir at West Boylston village and extending from the west side of Worcester Street on the southerly side of the reser- voir to a junction with the highway first mentioned. Included in Section 2 was also a portion of Boylston Street in the town of Boylston, about 325 feet in length, located near the South Dike, at a point where the Central Massachusetts Railroad formerly passed under the street. Work on Section 1 was begun on June 2 and finished on Novem- ber 9. The maximum force employed was 27 men and 16 horses, for the week ending July 29. Work on Section 2 was begun on July 28 and finished on Novem- ber 4, except that a small amount of work still remains to be done 98 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. on Boylston Street. The maximum force employed was 29 men and 23 horses, for the week ending August 19. The quantities of work done were as follows : Section 1. Section 2. Shaping road-bed (linear feet), . . ' ., . . . 6,511 8,386 Broken stone in place (tons 2,000 pounds), . . . . 4,297 5,403 REMOVAL OF SOIL. The work of removing soil from the Wachusett Reservoir has been in progress under the contractors Bruno, Salomone & Petitti, and McBride & Co., and was entirely finished early in November. The total amount of soil removed from the reservoir is 6,912,052 cubic yards, from 3,941 acres, of which 151,647 cubic yards were removed from 84 acres during 1905. The soil removed from the reservoir has been disposed of as follows : Cubic Yards. In road embankments 471,221 Filling shallow flowage areas, 1,149,917 In railroad embankments, . 131,781 In the North Dike, . . 4,955,936 In the South Dike , ... . . 160,895 Placed in spoil banks .': . . . 17,367 Grading grounds near Wachusett Dam, . 24,935 Total . . 6,912,052 During the year 4,720 cubic yards of earth have been deposited upon deep muck, which has been covered to a depth of about 1 foot. In previous years 238,846 cubic yards were used for the same pur- pose, making a total of 243,566 cubic yards. The day-labor forces, under the direction of the engineering force, have performed the following work : The final cleaning of the reservoir bottom, between elevation 340 and elevation 380, of weeds, grass and bushes which had grown up since the original stripping of the soil or since the cleaning of the previous year, was done between August 20 and November 18. There were 1,460 acres of land cleaned, at a cost of $6,210, or an average cost of $4.25 per acre. Over a considerable area where the slopes were not sharp and where the ground was not rocky, the ground was harrowed with spring-tooth harrows, the grass, roots and brush being afterwards raked and burned. On other areas the grass, weeds and brush were mowed close to the ground, raked and No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 99 burned. Much better results were obtained with the harrows, but at a considerably greater cost. The maximum force employed on this work was 70 men and 10 horses, on September 20. On both sides of the reservoir, near Sawyer's Mills, and on the southerly side of the reservoir, near Dover Pond, additional soil has been removed from the margins, the erosion of the water having caused the steep banks at these points to cave nearly to the limit of the original soil stripping. Considerable areas of the bottom of the reservoir near the upper end have been graded to secure proper drainage. Boulders have been removed from the Quinepoxet channel and placed along the edge and slopes of the channel. Levees and embankments have been seeded along the Stillwater River, and much other miscellaneous work has been done. Contract 237, Bruno, Salomone & Petitti. Section 10 of the Wachusett Reservoir, in Boylston and West Boylston. On December 27, 1902, a contract was made with Bruno, Salo- mone & Petitti for the construction of what is known as Section 10 of the Wachusett Reservoir. This contract called for clearing, grubbing and excavating soil from some 700 acres toward the upper end of the reservoir, and at the beginning of 1905 the only other soil stripping necessary to complete the reservoir was that on a small area along the Stillwater River and on a comparatively small area near the South Dike, the soil from which was reserved for use at the Wachusett Dam. In addition, this contract provided for the con- struction of a new channel, chiefly in rock, for the Nashua River, at the highway crossing the reservoir at West Boylston; for the excavation of earth and gravel from shallow portions of the reservoir at Oakdale ; for enlarging the channel of the Quinepoxet River west of the Worcester, Nashua & Portland Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad at Oakdale ; for building a concrete dam across the river at the upper end of this channel ; for paving the slopes of rail- road and highway embankments ; and for covering with earth deep deposits of muck not desirable to remove. During 1905 all soil and other material has been loaded into carts and hauled directly to the place of disposal, the contractor finding it more economical to do the work by this method than by the use of cars. 100 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. The total amount of soil removed under this contract was 1,273,- 620 cubic yards, of which 269,366 cubic yards were used in highway embankments, 986,887 cubic yards in shallow flowage embankments atOakdale, and 17,367 cubic yards were placed in spoil banks. The contractor resumed" the excavation of soil on April 3, and this part of the work was practically completed on September 2, the soil having been placed largely in shallow flowage embankments. Con- siderable soil was also used in dressing the margins of the reservoir near the Worcester Street crossing. The principal work under this contract during the year has been the enlargement of the Quinepoxet River channel and the building of the concrete dam at the upper end of the same. The material encountered in the channel excavation, much of which was hardpan with numerous large boulders, has been used mainly for facing the shallow flowage embankments. Some of the material has also been used for building a berm along the Central Massachusetts Railroad above Oakdale and for surfacing Holden Street. The concrete masonry of the dam was finished on September 22 and the slope paving above and below the dam on October 14. Water was turned over the dam on the latter date. The slope paving at the Worcester Street embankment in West Boylston and along the Worcester, Nashua & Portland Division has been completed. A considerable portion of the bottom of the reservoir near the up- per end has been graded to secure proper drainage ; the margins of the reservoir near the Worcester Street crossing have been graded, and numerous cellar holes have been filled and covered with soil. Work under this contract was completed on November 11, ex- cepting the removal of a few small buildings and of the contractor's plant. The quantities of work done were as follows : To December 31, 1904. iFor the Year 1905. Total. ,54 26 179 Soil excavation (cubic yards), Earth excavation (cubic yards), 1,193,208 90,849 16,943 80,412 80,666 260 1,273,620 171,515 17,203 Slope paving (cubic yards) 18,992 3,193 812 22,185 812 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 101 The maximum force employed during the year has been 193 men and 69 horses, for the week ending May 20. Contract 283, McBride & Go. Stillwater River Improvement, in West Boylston and Sterling ; Date of Contract, May 15, 1905 ; Amount of Contract, $28,181.69. The contract called for the improvement of that part of the reser- voir along the Stillwater River, mostly above the Worcester, Nashua & Portland Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad. The work consisted mainly of clearing, grubbing and excavating soil from about 30 acres of the Wachusett Reservoir ; also of deepening and draining shallow portions of the reservoir ; of changing and enlarging the channel of the Stillwater River ; of excavating additional material and gravel for the protection of slopes which will be exposed to the action of water ; of building berms along the railroad and along the highway where it is close to the edge of the reservoir ; and of paving the slopes of portions of railroad embankments and elsewhere where necessary. The material removed has been transported to the place of disposal entirely by the use of carts. The quantities of work done were as follows : Clearing and grubbing (acres), 19 Earth excavation (cubic yards), 120,491 Paving (cubic yards), 768 Work under the contract was begun on May 24 and finished on November 11. The maximum force employed was 186 men and 60 horses, for the week ending June 17. RELOCATION OF RAILROADS. The principal part of the contract work upon the relocation of rail- roads was completed in 1903. As noted in previous reports, it was necessary to build a temporary location for the Central Massachusetts Railroad a portion of the Boston & Maine Railroad near the westerly end of the Wachusett Dam, in order not to interfere with the use of the travelling cableways which delivered materials for use in the masonry of the dam. Early in July it became feasible to limit the movement of the cableways sufficiently to permit the construe- 102 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. tion of the arch bridge over the waste channel. The grading of the permanent line of the railroad was finished about the middle of Sep- tember, and shortly afterward employes of the Boston & Maine Railroad laid the track on the permanent location. The first train passed over this track on October 22. Some paving has been placed along the Worcester, Nashua & Portland Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad ; and the under- grade crossing near Oakdale, through which the contractor for Section 10 of the reservoir hauled soil, has been filled. Additional gravel has also been placed in the berms along the Worcester, Nashua & Portland Division and the Central Massachusetts Railroad near Oakdale. The only day-labor work in connection with the relocation of the railroads has been the building of the false-work for the arch across the waste channel. Contract 195-A (245), McArthur Brothers Company. Section 2 of the Relocation of the Central Massachusetts Railroad, in Clinton. On April 18, 1902, a contract was made with the McArthur Brothers Company for the construction of what is known as Section 2 of the Relocation of the Central Massachusetts Railroad. All of the work under this contract was completed in 1903, except the con- struction of a short length of permanent line of railroad in place of the temporary line necessarily used during the construction of the dam. The work included the construction of a masonry arch bridge to carry the railroad over the waste channel, the construction of short lengths of embankment on either side of the bridge, and the removal of the embankment of the temporary line. The contractor began the work of laying masonry at the arch bridge on July 5, and completed the embankment of the permanent line about the middle of September. On October 23, immediately after the trains of the Boston & Maine Railroad began to run over the per- manent line, work was begun on the removal of the embankment of the temporary line, and at the end of the year this work was prac- tically completed. The quantities of work done were as follows : No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 103 To December 31, 1904. In 1905. Total. Earth excavation (cubic yards), 25,500 16,200 41,700 55,500 306 55,806 Tunnel excavation (cubic yards), 18,800 18,800 Rubble stone masonry (cubic yards) - 920 920 Concrete masonry not In tunnel (cubic yards), . 2,120 170 2,290 Concrete masonry in tunnel (cubic yards) 2,360 - 2,360 740 385 1 125 Dry paving (cubic yards) 140 140 The maximum force employed during 1905 has been 63 men and 30 horses, for the week ending November 18. IMPROVING WACHUSETT WATERSHED. Paved ditches with board bottoms, having an aggregate length of 2,875 feet, have been built to drain the swampy ground below the South Dike and the deeper part of the pit from which sand was obtained for the construction of the masonry of the Wachusett Dam. The maximum force employed on this work has been 26 men and 4 horses, for the week ending November 25. A ditch about 1,870 feet long has been dug to drain swampy land near the Lamson nursery. The dams in Holden at the Canada and Unionville mill-ponds and at Day's Mill have been repaired. Con- siderable other work has been done by day-labor forces in construct- ing filter-beds, cesspools and privy vaults. FORESTRY. The work of cutting out fruit, mature and undesirable trees pre- paratory to planting has been done over about 175 acres. The fire guard 40 feet wide along the margins of the land purchased by the Board has been extended through timber land for about half a mile near Oakdale. An area of 101 acres was planted between April 15 and May 13, and of 147 acres between August 26 and October 14, largely with seedlings from the nurseries. Of the above, about 67 acres were in heavy grass land, where four-year-old white pine seedlings were planted in rows 6 feet apart each way ; the remain- ing 181 acres were pasture and sprout land, which were planted 104 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. with three-year-old white pine seedlings, set at intervals of 10 feet, with sugar maple, hickory, chestnut, locust or oak planted between for fillers, where a suitable filler did not exist. In doing this w r ork the following seedlings from the nurseries of the Board have been used: 163,600 pine, 106,300 maple, 9,800 chestnut, 3,200 locust, 10,000 oak, also 3 bushels of hickory nuts. The cost of taking the trees from the nursery and setting them in the ground has been $4.95 per thousand trees, or $5.55 per acre. The following table gives information regarding land belonging to the Board above the flow-line of the reservoir. Outlying land and land along the Quinepoxet River above the road which formerly crossed the river to the Harris Mills is not included in this tabu- lation. Acres. Area of land which was forested when acquired, ..... 1,431 Area which has been planted with trees 937 Area to be planted with trees, . . . . . . . . . 483 Area open and which will probably not be planted, 300 Area of marginal strip along shores of reservoir, , . . . ^ . 197 Total area belonging to the Board, ,. 3,348 Four-year-old white pine seedlings have been planted at intervals of 40 feet along both sides of a public road near the North Dike for a distance of ^ mile ; and where trees planted along highways in previous years have died, they have been replaced for a distance of about 12*4 miles. Two and three year old white pine seedlings and three-year-old arbor vitee seedlings have been planted along 12^ miles of the reservoir margin ; and where trees planted in previous years have died, they have been replaced for about the same dis- tance. An additional row of arbor vitse has also been planted along about 20 miles of the- reservoir margin. The total length of the flow-line of the reservoir, including 1.2 miles around Cemetery Island, is 38.2 miles. Arbor vitas and white pine seedlings have been planted on the marginal strip along 27 miles of the flow-line. Along the dikes, highways and railroads, for a distance of 5.7 miles, trees will not be planted; and there remain about 5.5 miles of the marginal strip to plant with trees. The necessary care has been given to the Flagg and Lamson nurs- eries during the year. There were transplanted from the nursery beds to the transplant rows at the Flagg nursery 52,200 white pines, No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 105 5,400 Scotch pines, 81,600 arbor vitaa and 12,300 Norway spruces. Besides the above stock in transplant rows, this nursery contains 494,000 white pines, 2,000 Scotch pines, 38,300 white spruces, 11,000 Douglas spruces, 8,800 Norway spruces, 127,000 arbor vitas and 8,400 birches, hemlocks, larches, and tamaracks in seed beds. At the Lamson nursery there are 22,500 maples, 3,900 walnuts, 6,200 oaks, 2,400 ashes, and 15,800 locusts, and about 2 bushels of chestnuts, which have been laid away in sand preparatory to plant- ing directly in the field next spring. ENGINEERING. In addition to the engineering work already enumerated and that necessarily connected with the supervision of the contract and day- labor work in progress, the engineering force of the Dam and Reservoir Department has performed the following work. Plans, specifications and estimates have been prepared for the construction of a new highway on the southerly side of the reservoir, between Oakdale and West Boylston, and for the treatment of that part of the reservoir lying along the Stillwater River. Elevations of the bottom of the reservoir, taken after the completion of the excava- tion, have been entered on the record sheets, and contour lines have been drawn covering an area of 920 acres, making a total of 3,420 acres covered by these final records at the end of the year. From these record sheets tables have been prepared showing the capacity of the reservoir at each tenth of a foot between elevations 325 and 370. Surveys have been in progress of the marginal line of the watershed, and the line has been surveyed for a distance of 38!/> miles. The total distance around the margin of the watershed is about 69 miles. This survey has been connected with the system of co-ordinates of the Wachusett Reservoir by triangulation. Surveys and studies have been made for filter-beds for filtering the water of a brook which drains the village of Sterling, and much other minor engineering work has been done in connection with the settlement of claims and for other purposes. CEMENT TESTS. The usual tables of tests of cements used in the dam and other works at the Wachusett Reservoir, and in the Weston Aqueduct, may be found in Appendix No. 2. 106 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. SUDBURY AND DISTRIBUTION DEPARTMENTS. DEXTER BRACKETT, Department Engineer. The only actual work done in these departments chargeable to construction was the setting of a Venturi meter and the laying of a few lengths of 48-inch pipe at the low-service pumping station at Chestnut Hill. Studies and estimates have been made for new pumping machinery and a new pumping station in Arlington to re- place the temporary plant which was installed in 1899. On October 28 a contract was made with the Allis-Chalmers Company of Mil- waukee, Wis., for furnishing and installing during the coming year a horizontal high-duty pumping engine, capable of raising 1,500,000 gallons per twenty-four hours to a height of 300 feet. A consider- able part of the time of the department engineer and his assistants has been spent upon matters connected with the suit brought by the cities of Maiden, Medford and Melrose for damages on account of the taking of Spot Pond, and in the preparation of record plans of work done in previous years. OFFICE FORCE. FRANK T. DANIELS, Principal Office Assistant until December 23 ; BENJAMIN F. HANCOX, Jr., Assistant in Charge of Drafting Department since December 23 ; SAMUEL E. KILLAM, Office Assistant. The following is a statement of the more important work upon which the drafting department has been engaged during the year. For the Wachusett Reservoir a drawing was made showing the paving for the North Dike, and one showing the location of the stone masonry railroad bridge over the waste channel. For the Wachu- sett Dam there have been made grading plans for the hillside slopes and for the Boylston Street approach ; detail drawings of steelwork for the upper gate-chamber and of steel re-enforcement for the granolithic surface of the dam, abutment, upper gate-chamber and bastion ; detail drawings of stone curbing and of iron fence and gates for the Boylston Street approach ; drawings for a granite balustrade to surmount the dam, which was not adopted; and detail drawings of the adopted design for a fence, consisting of cast brass posts and rails of seamless drawn brass tubing. Studies have been made for bronze tablets and for a fountain at the pool below the dam. Detail drawings, with specifications, were made for a dwelling house for the foreman at the Weston Reservoir. Forty-three record No. 57.] AND SEWEEAGE BOARD. 107 plans of structures on the Weston Aqueduct have been made, also 16 record drawings of work connected with the relocation of the Cen- tral Massachusetts Railroad. Working drawings were made for steel manhole covers and granite manhole curbing for use on the Sudbury and Cochituate aqueducts, also record drawings showing changes and repairs at Beaver Dam Brook culvert and Waban Valley bridge. The whole number of finished drawings completed during the year was 134. During the year drawings pertaining to the works acquired from the city of Boston have been transferred to this department from the City Engineer's department. These plans, about 1,300 in number, have been examined, rearranged and indexed. The force employed in the drafting department numbered 8 for the first month, 7 for the succeeding seven months and 6 for the last four months. Samuel E. Killam has had charge of the general office, where the work is of a varied character, such as making miscellaneous in- vestigations and computations, procuring supplies and making blue- prints. Mr. Killam has also had general charge of the photographic work. ACCIDENTS. No fatal accidents have occurred during the year. MAINTENANCE. (This report has been compiled from reports prepared by the engineers in charge of the various departments of the works.) RAINFALL AND YIELD. The total rainfall for the year on the Sudbury watershed has been 42.31 inches, or 3.78 inches below the average, the deficiency oc- curring in the months of February, March, April and May, during which time the rainfall was 9.38 inches, or 6.29 inches below the average. As a result of the small rainfall at the season of the year when the greatest percentage is collectible in the reservoirs, the yield of both the Sudbury and Wachusett watersheds has been low, that of the Sudbury watershed being 26 per cent, below the average of the preceding thirty years, and that of the Wachusett watershed 27 per cent, below the average of the preceding eight years during which records have been kept. Statistics relating to rainfall and yield of watersheds maybe found in Appendix No. 3, tables Nos. 1 to 11. 108 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. STORAGE RESERVOIRS. The quantity of water stored in all of the storage reservoirs on January 1, 1905, was 15,638,100,000 gallons. Rains early in Jan- uary, aggregating about 3.5 inches, caused an increase of about 4,000,000,000 gallons in the quantity stored; but on account of the low rainfall and cold weather after that time there was a lowering of the reservoirs from the middle of January until March 8. During March and April the reservoirs were filling, reaching the maximum for the year of 33,708,200,000 gallons, on May 1. From May 1 to September 3 there was an almost continual loss of storage, and on the latter date the reservoirs contained 26,758,900,000 gallons. On September 2, 3 and 4 about 6 inches of rain fell, causing an increase of 4,000,000,000 gallons in the quantity of water stored. From the middle of September until the end of November the stor- age decreased, but did not fall quite to the point reached early in September. During December the reservoirs were filling, and at the end of the year the quantity stored was 28,971,900,000 gallons. The following table gives the quantity of water stored in the stor- age reservoirs at the beginning of each month : Quantity of Water stored in Wachusett Reservoir, and in Reservoirs on Sudbury and Cochituate Watersheds, at the Beginning of Each Month. DATE. In Wachusett Reservoir (Gallons). In Sudbury Reservoir and Framingham Reservoir No. 3 (Gallons). In All Other Storage Reservoirs (Gallons). Total (Gallons). 1905. 4,409 600,000 7 912,500,000 3,316 000 000 15 638,100 000 February 1, March 1 7,549,200,000 5 800 700 000 6,937,900,000 7 Oil 700 000 4,432,900,000 4 016 700 000 18,920,000,000 16 829 100 000 15,371,300,000 7,329,600,000 5,715,300,000 28,416,200,000 Mayl, ..... . June 1, 20,498,900,000 18,350,600,000 6,678,900,000 6,951,900,000 6,530,400,000 6,916,700,000 33,708,200,000 32,219,200,000 July 1 16,582,300,000 7,853,200,000 7,087,000,000 31,522,500,000 August 1, September 1, October 1 14,951,000,000 13,774,300,000 16,208,700,000 15,057,100,000 7,993,200,000 7,877,600,000 7,916,300,000 7,847,800 000 6,489,400,000 5,286,900,000 6,106,600,000 5 178 700 000 29,433,600,000 26,938,800,000 30,231,600,000 28,083,600,000 December 1 1906. 14,628,900,000 7,772,500,000 6,831,300,000 4,662,000,000 5 025,300,000 27,063,400,000 28,971,900,000 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 109 Wachusett Reservoir. At the beginning of the year the water in this reservoir was at elevation 317, or 33 feet above the bottom of the 48-inch outlet pipes, ^.ndthe reservoir contained 4,409,600,000 gallons of water. On account of the small rainfall during the first five months of the year the yield of the streams entering the reser- voir was very much below the average. The highest elevation reached during the year was 349.63, on April 28, when the reservoir contained 20,697,900,000 gallons. From May 1 until September 3, and from September 15 to December 6, water was drawn from the reservoir practically continuously for the supply of the Metro- politan District. At the end of the year the water stood at elevation 344.06, and the reservoir contained 17,115,300,000 gallons. The only water discharged from the reservoir into the river below the dam was that required to be so discharged for the use of the Lan- caster Mills and others. The average quantity as measured at the gaging station below the Lancaster Mills was 2,309,000 gallons per day. Sudbury Reservoir, At the beginning of the year the water in this reservoir stood at elevation 259.18, or .18 of a foot above the stone crest of the dam. The lowest point during the year was reached on February 14, when it stood at elevation 255.82. During March, April and May the water stood from 1 to 3 feet below the crest of the dam. Early in June it was raised to the level of the crest, and from June 10 until December 17 water was running al- most continuously over the crest of the dam, the reservoir being kept full by a flow from the Wachusett Reservoir. On December 16 the flow from the Wachusett Reservoir was shut off, and at the end of the year the Sudbury Reservoir had fallen about 2 feet. A gravel driveway has been built from the head-house of the Wes- ton Aqueduct to the store-house at the northerly end of the dam, the loam removed in constructing the driveway being used to cover an unsightly rock dump below the dam. A large number of pine trees were set out on the grounds, 500 chestnut posts cut for use on the works, joints on the overflow of the dam repointed, a new capstone and a short piece of coping set on the retaining wall of the channel below the dam, and a new cesspool built for the house at the dam occupied by the foreman. The Marlborough Brook filter-beds have been in use throughout the year, and have filtered all the water received from the brook 110 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. except for a few hours on January 7. The beds were cleaned in the latter part of June and early in July, and the natural beds were again cleaned in November. Cracks in the concrete channel dams were cut out and pointed, and a new connection with concrete walls fitted with stop-planks was made between beds 25 and 26. A 12- inch Akron pipe 718 feet long has been laid between a manhole on the Marlborough sewer and filter-bed No. 20 of the Marlborough Brook filter-beds. By means of valves set in the manholes the flow in the sewer can now be diverted on to the filter-beds, in case the storage reservoir and filter-bed on Farm Road should be at any time in danger of overflowing. During the past year diluted sewage flowed on to this filter-bed on March 25, 26 and 27, April 6, Sep- tember 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Eight new stone bounds were set to define property lines along the Marlborough Brook, the brook was cleaned, and adjoining property owners who had encroached upon the property of the Board by depositing ashes and other rubbish were required to re- move the same. Framing ham Reservoir No. 3. This reservoir was kept nearly full of water during the year, water for that purpose having been drawn from the Sudbury Reservoir when required. At the end of the year the water stood about 3 feet below the crest of the dam. The ceiling of the gate-house and the exterior of the shed and boat- house at the dam were painted. Framingham Reservoir No. 2. This reservoir was kept practi- cally full throughout the year, the lowest point reached being about 3 feet below the crest of the dam, on October 3. During the pre- vious week water was wasted preparatory to filling the reservoir with water of better quality from the Ashland and Hopkinton reser- voirs. Water was drawn from the reservoir for the supply of the Metropolitan District for a longer period and in greater quantity than at any time since 1898. Water was drawn from the reservoir to Lake Cochituate on December 4 and 5. The ceiling of the gate- house, the exterior of the shed and boat-house near the dam and the fence on both sides of Fountain Street were painted, 5 land bounds were set, a granolithic cap placed on the gate-house chimney, and the joints in the masonry of the chimney repointed. Framingham Reservoir No. 1. This reservoir was full and water wasted over the dam for the greater portion of the time from the No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. Ill beginning of the year until the latter part of June. During the last half of the year but little water was wasted. Water was drawn from this reservoir and discharged into Lake Cochituate on May 5 and 6, during parts of nine days from September 4 to 15, inclusive, and on four days from December 1 to 5. The gate-house ceiling was painted and the chimney repaired in the same manner as at Reser- voirs Nos. 2 and 3. Ashland Reservoir. At the beginning of the year the water in this reservoir was 31.34 feet below high water. It rose to the level of the stone crest on May 29, and the reservoir remained practically full until early in July. Water was drawn from the reservoir in varying quantities during each of the last six months of the year. On September 3 its surface was at elevation 216.86, or 8.35 feet below high water, which was the lowest point reached during the last half of the year. It was 4.3 feet below high water on January 1, 1906. The lower gate at the gate-house, through which there had been a small leakage for a number of years, was repaired early in the year. The exterior of the gate-keeper's house and the interior walls of the gate-house have been painted, and the walk on the dam, 1,800 feet in length, resurfaced with gravel. Hopkinton Resei-voir. This reservoir was 3 1.48 feet below high water at the beginning of the year. On June 29 it was at elevation 303.92, or 1.08 feet below high water, which was the highest point reached during the year. The draft from the reservoir in the last half of the year lowered the surface to elevation 293, or 12 feet below high water, on November 29. At the end of the year it had risen to elevation 295.74. About four-fifths of the water drawn from the reservoir was filtered through the beds below the dam. One of the gates at the dam, through which there was a small leakage, was re- paired. A survey was made and 14 stone bounds set on the boundary line of land just below the dam formerly belonging to William F. Ellis and Levi F. Hollis. The filter-beds were cleaned as usual, and the southerly half of the roof of the gate-keeper's house was shingled. WJiitehall Reservoir. Water was drawn from this reservoir in January, February and March, lowering it from elevation 337.29 on January 10 to elevation 333.27 on March 9. The outlet gate was then closed and the reservoir filled slowly, but did not rise to high- water mark during the year, although no water was drawn from the reservoir from March 9 until December 16, when it stood at eleva- 112 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. tion 337.83, or 2.07 feet below the extreme level to which the water can be raised by the new dam. At the end of the year it had fallen to elevation 337. 27. Farm Pond. The water in this pond was kept from about high water to 1 foot below during the year. It was twice partially filled with water drawn from Framingham Reservoir No. 1, once in May and again in November. No water was drawn from the pond for the use of the Metropolitan District, and none was wasted into the Sud- bury River. The paving on the slopes of the embankment of the aqueduct where it passes through the pond has been relaid at points where it had settled or been thrown out of position by the action of the waves and ice. A galvanized-iron cap was placed on the gate- house chimney, and the chimney repointed. Lake Gochituate. At the beginning of the year the water in the lake was 4.52 feet below high water; on March 27 the lake was full, and remained at or near high- water mark until the middle of July, after which date the draft for the supply of the District lowered its surface to 140.35 on September 3. The heavy rainfall at this time, and water turned into the lake from Framingham Reservoir No. 1, raised the lake about 3 feet ; but after the middle of September there was a gradual drop in its surface, and on November 29 it was 6.46 feet below high water, the lowest point reached during the year. During the first week in December water was turned into the lake from Framingham Reservoirs Nos. 1 and 2 ; and on January 1, 1906, it was 5.68 feet below high water. The joints in the stone masonry of the outlet dam were cut out and repointed, the joints in the horizontal surfaces being pointed with elastic cement and in the vertical joints with Portland cement. A new 1-inch cement-lined water pipe, 281 feet long, was laid between the foreman's house and the barn, the foreman's house reshingled, and the driveway from the street to the barn resurfaced with gravel. The channel of Course Brook, through which the water flows when running from the Sudbury Aqueduct into the lake, was cleaned for a distance of about 2,400 feet, and the brash cut on the land adjacent to the brook. Twenty-five stone bounds were set to define property lines on the east shore of the lake. At the beginning of the year Dudley Pond was 3.34 feet below high water. The highest elevation was 2.13 feet below high water, No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 113 in the latter part of April; and the lowest 4.14 feet below high water, on November 27. From July 21 to 26, inclusive, a total quantity of 20,800,000 gallons was discharged from the pond into Lake Cochituate. The surface of Dug Pond varied between .69 of a foot above and 2.91 feet below the invert of the 18-inch overflow pipe. The Pegan Brook filter-beds were in use on 202 days during the year. All of the brook water was filtered with the exception of small quantities which overflowed on parts of 6 days, and all of the water from the intercepting ditch except on parts of 6 days. The total quantity of water pumped during the year was 235,317,000 gallons, of which 158,020,000 gallons were from Pegan Brook and 77,297,000 gallons from the intercepting ditch. The total quantity of coal consumed was 150,068 pounds, indicating 1,568 gallons of water pumped per pound of coal. The cost of operating the pump- ing station and caring for the filter-beds and grounds was $2,536.17, making the cost per million gallons pumped $10.78. The filter-beds have been cleaned several times when necessary, also the ditches in the upper portion of the Pegan Brook receiving reservoir, and the deposit removed from the bottom of the settling reservoir for the drainage ditch. This reservoir had not been cleaned since it was built, two years ago, and the deposit was 4 inches in depth. The pumping machinery was painted, and a number of pine trees set out along the drive leading from the street to the station. SOURCES FROM WHICH WATER HAS BEEN TAKEN. An average of 71,877,000 gallons per day was drawn from the Wachusett Reservoir through the Wachusett Aqueduct into the Sud- bury Reservoir. An average of 30,742,000 gallons per day was drawn from the Sudbury Reservoir through the Weston Aqueduct into the distribution system of the Metropolitan District. From Framingham Reservoir No. 3 an average of 63,539,000 gallons per day, and from Framingham Reservoirs Nos. 1 and 2 an average of 11,845,000 gallons per day, was drawn through the Sudbury Aque- duct to Chestnut Hill Reservoir. An average of 15,313,000 gallons per day was drawn from Lake Cochituate through the Cochituate Aqueduct to Chestnut Hill Reservoir. The Spot Pond drainage area furnished 310,000 gallons per day. 114 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. AQUEDUCTS. The Wachusett Aqueduct has been in use 266 days during the year. It was thoroughly cleaned between December 6 and 11. It was also examined at this time, and was found to be in excellent condition. The usual work of maintenance along the line of the aqueduct has been performed, and the grounds and appurtenances are in excellent condition. The Sudbury Aqueduct was in service on 359 days during the year. The masonry portion of the aqueduct was cleaned on April 11 to 14 and April 19 to 22. The repairs made on the Waban Bridge in 1904 reduced the leakage from the aqueduct to a very small amount ; but during the extreme cold weather in January and Feb- ruary ice formed in the open spaces under the aqueduct to such an extent that it beeame necessary to operate the steam plant for about a month. White the aqueduct was emptied for cleaning, cracks in the invert were pointed from station 284 + 88 to 285 -}- 60, and from station 642 -f- 24 to 644 -j- 47 ; and in the arch from station 284 + 95 to 285 -f 65, and from station 642 + 22 to 644 -f 70. When the aqueduct was constructed, manhole openings 3 feet square "were left in the top at intervals of about 1,500 feet. These manhole openings were built with a granite coping and cover which was covered with about 1 foot of earth ; but, for convenience in obtaining access to the aqueduct, wooden curbings and covers have been in use for several years on a number of these manholes. During the past year the stone copings on 18 of the manholes have been raised to the level of the ground, and iron covers placed over the openings. The ironwork in the roof, as well as other ironwork in the Farm Pond gate-house, was painted, also a small shed near the gate-house, and the storehouse on the line of the aqueduct at South Framingham. The city of Newton laid an 8-inch sewer over the aqueduct at Gibbs Street, Newton Center, using for the crossing 72 feet of cast- iron pipe laid with leaded joints. The culvert which passes under the aqueduct near Grant Avenue in Newton has been deepened and enlarged by removing paving and underlying gravel down to the plank floor w r hich forms the founda- tion for the sidewalls of the culvert. On the floor was laid a 2-inch layer of concrete, in which was embedded expanded metal secured to the floor with composition nails. The depth of the culvert was increased from 3.8 feet to 6 feet. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 115 The Cochituate Aqueduct was in use 249 days. The interior of the aqueduct, with the exception of the siphon pipes, was cleaned on May 10 to 13, inclusive. The iron gratings and all ironwork below high-water level at the several waste-weirs have been painted, and the brass work in connection with the gate stems cleaned. Masonry curbings with iron covers have been built on 13 manholes, replacing wooden curbings which had been previously used. The surveys for locating the aqueduct and determining the position of property bounds have been continued, and 42 land bounds and 41 alignment bounds have been set. The Weston Aqueduct was in use 302 days. The flow was stopped nearly all of the time from the first of the year until February 8, also from March 3 to 13, during which time men were employed in cutting out and repointing cracks in the aqueduct masonry. While the aqueduct was being repaired it was cleaned for itsrentire length. The work of cutting out and pointing fine transvewe cracks, which was started at the very last part of the previoi^year, was entirely completed in March. The number of crack&jrfjrout and pointed was 724. In connection with this work, 319 fSnch and 1^-inch pipes were built into the masonry, and througS^nost of the pipes cement grout was forced until all interstices \ye filled. The barn at the White place, iri^Saxonville, was repaired. A portion of the steep bank at the jfetal to tunnel No. 1 at the back of the head-house was sodded, and the remainder of the bank will be sodded in the spring if that which has already been placed remains in position during the winter. Sand banks near siphon chamber No. 2 were sloped and a large number of pine trees set out. Trees have also been set on the slopes of the sand banks west of siphon chamber No. 2, and in the borrow pits between siphon chambers Nos. 2 and 3. Two broad dikes with very flat slopes were built on the Bowditch estate in Framingham, to prevent the water from Bait- ing Brook overflowing and passing through a culvert under the aqueduct near Millwood Street. One of these dikes was about 180 feet long, with an extreme height of 2.1 feet ; and the other 125 feet long, with a height of 1.7 feet. Two screens have been built and the frames set in the head-house of the aqueduct. A current meter apparatus was installed in the gaging chamber early in February, and during the year a large number of current meter measurements have been made for determining the flow of the aqueduct at different depths. 116 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. PUMPING STATIONS. Seventy-five per cent, of all the water supplied to the Metropoli- tan Water District has been pumped at the two stations at Chestnut Hill Reservoir ; the remainder was delivered by gravity. The total quantity pumped at all of the stations during the year was 35,986,- 230,000 gallons, or 1,024,140,000 gallons more than during the preceding year. The cost of operating the stations was $93,752.58, equivalent to $2.605 per million gallons pumped, which was 1 cent per million gallons less than the corresponding cost during the year 1904. The cost per gross ton of fuel used at the Chestnut Hill high-ser- vice station was the same as in 1904, at the Chestnut Hill low-service station $0.28 less, and at the Spot Pond station $0.04 less, than during the preceding year. Thirty-three tests have been made to determine the viscosity, specific gravity and burning point of oil used at the several stations, and 28 tests were made to determine the calorific value of the several lots of coal used. Coal for use at the several stations has been purchased as fol- lows : GROSS TONS. Price per Gross Ton. Chestnut Hill High- service Station. Chestnut Hill Low- service Station. Spot Pond Station. West Roxbury Station. Arling- ton Station. Bay State Fuel Company, bituminous, . 98.44 - - - $528 George W. Bailey Company, bituminous, 90.85 - - - ' - 4 73 Metropolitan Coal Company, bituminous, 391.57 - - - - 4 50 Dartmouth Coal Company, bituminous, . - 578.28 - - - 4 37 Metropolitan Coal Company, bituminous, - 418.52 - - - 4 35 Dartmouth Coal Company, bituminous, . 891.96 - - - - 4 30 Merchants Coal Company, bituminous, . 2,175.09 - - - - 4 12 Merchants Coal Company, bituminous, . - 1,475.53 - - - 3 98 . B. Townsend, buckwheat anthracite, . 18.10 - - - - 3 58 E.B.Townsend, buckwheat anthracite, . - 92.25 - - - 3 26 Dartmouth Coal Company, buckwheat anthracite, W. M. W. Spring, buckwheat anthracite, 80.20 435.80 : ; - - 3 11 3 11 C. W. Claflin & Co., buckwheat anthra- cite. W. M. W. Spring, buckwheat anthracite, 71.50 555.92 : ; ; 3 02 2 89 Dartmouth Coal Company, buckwheat anthracite. ~ 114.21 - - - 2 85 No. 57.] AND SEWEEAGE BOARD. 117 GROSS TONS. Price per Gross Ton. Chestnut Hill High- service Station. Chestnut Hill Low- service Station. Spot Pond Station. "West Roxbury Station. Arling- ton Station. C. W. Claflin & Co., buckwheat anthra- cite. Bay State Fuel Company, screenings, . 552.17 394.10 - ; ; $2 78 2 52 Maiden Coal Company, bituminous, - - 493.25 - - 4 38 Locke Coal Company, screenings, . - ; - 442.57 .- - 24 D. J. Cutter & Co., anthracite, . - 1 - -- 301.62 - 7 28 Metropolitan Coal Company, anthracite, - - - 53.57 - 7 17 Peirce & Winn Company, bituminous, . - - - 385.89 $4 51 to 4 98 Peirce & Winn Company, screenings, Total gross tons, bituminous, . - - - - 197.58 385.89 2 24 3,647.91 2,472.33 493.25 - Total gross tons, anthracite, 605.601 1,156.481 - 355.19 - - Total gross tons, anthracite screen- ings. Average price per gross ton, bitu- minous. Average price per gross ton, anthra- cite. Average price per gross ton, anthra- cite screenings. 552.17 $425 3 Hi 2 52 $4 14 2 871 442.57 $4 38 2 24 $726 197.58 $4 59 2 24 - Chestnut Hill High-service Station. The water used in the high-service district of Boston, the city of Quincy and the towns of Watertown, Belmont and Milton, was pumped at this station. The following are the statistics relating to the operations at this station : Engines NOB. land 2. Engine No. 3. Engine No. 4. Totals for Station. Total quantity pumped (million gallons), . 1,381.48 481.82 10,564.86 12,428.16 Daily average quantity pumped (gallons), 3,785,000 1,320,000 28,945,000 34,050,000 Total coal used (noundB^ 1 985 452 424 881 8 505,184 10 915 517 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, .... 695.80 1,134.01 1,242.17 1,138.58 Average head pumped against (feet), 120.87 128.01 130.39 129.24 Cost of pumping : $4,700 79 $648 93 $10,477 87 $15,827 59 Fuel 3,626 21 744 12 14,789 61 19,159 94 Repairs, 573 95 640 30 584 08 1,798 33 Oil, waste and packing, 196 99 27 19 439 08 663 26 Small supplies, 213 57 29 48 476 03 719 08 $9 311 51 $2 090 02 $26 766 67 $38 168 20 $6.740 $4.338 $2.534 $3.071 Cost per million gallons raised 1 foot high, 0.056 0.034 0.019 0.024 ' 118 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. On account of an increase of over 9 per cent, in the quantity pumped, it has been necessary to operate the less economical ma- chinery to a greater extent than during previous years. Notwith- standing this, the cost per million gallons pumped at the station shows no increase above that of the previous year. The amount of repair work done at this station was considerably greater than during the previous year. The principal items were the repairs to the two Gaskill pumping engines, Nos. 1 and 2, in- stalled in 1885. The water plungers of No. 1 engine were turned and new composition packing sleeves made, which greatly reduced the slip of the pumps. On November 8 the straps on the fork end of one of the main connecting rods of No. 2 engine broke, causing extensive damage to the right-hand engine. Two new rods of im- proved design are now being made by the Holly Manufacturing Company of Buffalo, N. Y., and the water plungers are being turned and new composition sleeves made by the Lockwood Manufacturing Company, who also did the work on the plungers of No. 1 pump. The work of installing the new parts, and of making other neces- sary repairs, is being done by the regular employe's at the station, with some assistance from the Atlantic Works. One of the lower Riedler valve seats in the pump of the No. 3 engine broke on June 28. Temporary repairs were made so that the engine could be used, and a new valve seat and spindle were made by the Lockwood Manufacturing Company, but have not yet been put in the pump. A new Flather lathe was installed in the machine shop. A centrif- ugal waste cleaner was purchased for use at both the high and low service stations, and a considerable saving has been effected by its use. A new coal-handling platform was built, the derrick was altered and improved, and a new floor laid on the run-ways in the coal-house. Chestnut Hill Low-service Pumping Station. The quantity of water pumped at this station was 0.8 per cent, less than during the year 1904. The following are the statistics relating to operations at this station : Englnes Nos. 5, 6 and 7. Total quantity pumped (million gallons), 20,104.86 Daily average quantity pumped (gallons), 55,082,000 Total coal used (pounds), 8,215,258 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, 2,447.26 Average head pumped against (feet), 50.81 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 119 Cost of pumping : No8 E 5f Ifand 7. Labor, '. $15,157 44 Fuel, ... - 13,850 69 Repairs 1,555 05 Oil, waste and packing 638 37 Small supplies, 648 61 Total for station, .... Cost per million gallons pumped, . Cost per million gallons raised 1 foot high, $31,850 16 $1.584 0.031 The cost per million gallons pumped was $0.087 less than for the year 1904. This was principally due to the decreased price of fuel and a reduction of 4.10 feet in the average head pumped against. Spot Pond Pumping Station. At this station engine No. 8 was operated from October 28 to November 24, while repairs were being made on engine No. 9. During the remainder of the year all the water was pumped with engine No. 9, the 20,000, 000-gallon Holly engine. The following are the statistics relating to operations at this station : Engine No. 8. Engine No. 9. Totals for Station. Total quantity pumped (million gallons), . 189.55 2,818.20 3,007.75 Daily average quantity pumped (gallons), . 519,000 7,721,000 8,240,000 Total coal used (pounds) 190,381 2,374,510 2,564,891 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, .... 995.64 1,186.86 1,172.66 Average head pumped against (feet) 119.05 129.52 128.86 Cost of pumping : Labor $719 23 $5,879 25 $6,598 48 Fuel ... 373 60 3,759 52 4 133 12 Repairs 63 89 522 22 586 11 24 80 202 70 227 50 Small supplies, 35 76 292 32 328 08 Totals $1,217 28 $6 422 $10,656 01 $3 781 $11,873 29 $3 948 Coat per million gallons raised 1 foot high, . 0.054 0.029 0.031 The cost per million gallons pumped was $0.106 less than dur- ing the previous year, due to an increase in the quantity of 120 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. water pumped, without material increase in the expense of opera- tion. The low-pressure lower inlet valve gear on engine No. 9 was re- paired, causing the engine to run more smoothly. West Roxbury Pumping Station. At this station water was pumped for supplying the higher por- tions of West Roxbury and Milton. The following are the statistics relating to operations at this station : Pumps operated 7,522 hours 30 minutes ; average, 21 hours per day. Daily average quantity of water pumped (gallons) 636,000 Daily average quantity of coal consumed (pounds), .... 2,184 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, 291 Average lift in feet 136 Cost of pumping : Labor, $3,152 88 Fuel, 2,591 27 Repairs and small supplies, 329 53 Total for station, f 6,073 68 Cost per million gallons pumped, $26.173 Cost per million gallons raised 1 foot high, 0.192 The quantity of water pumped was 132,000 gallons per day, or 26.2 per cent, greater than during the year 1904. The increase in cost of operation was 14.3 per cent. The cost per million gal- lons pumped was $2.626 less than during the previous year. One of the 54-inch vertical boilers was repaired by putting in new tube sheets. The work was done by the Atlantic Works at a cost of $169. A Westinghouse locomotive type air compressor was in- stalled at this station, for use in filling the air chambers on the pumps. Arlington Pumping Station. All water supplied to the town of Lexington and to the high- service district of Arlington was pumped at this station. The following are the statistics relating to operations at this station : Pumps operated 8,755 hours 45 minutes ; average 24 hours per day. Daily average quantity of water pumped (gallons), .... 585,000 Daily average quantity of coal consumed (pounds), .... 3,564 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, 164 Average lift in feet, 282 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 121 Cost of pumping : Labor Fuel Repairs and small supplies, $3,207 18 2,326 20 253 87 Total for station, $5,77 25 Cost per million gallons pumped, Cost per million gallons raised 1 foot high, f27.119 0.096 The quantity pumped was 68,000 gallons per day, or 13.2 per cent, greater than during the year 1904. The cost per million gal- lons pumped was $1.08 less, due to increase in the amount of water pumped, while the cost of operation did not increase in the same proportion. On July 19 one of the water plunger rods on the Blake compound pump broke ; a new rod was obtained and the damage was repaired in a few hours. The building was shingled and otherwise repaired. CONSUMPTION OF WATER. The daily average quantity of water consumed in the cities and towns supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works during the year 1905 was 118,398,000 gallons, equal to 131.2 gallons per inhabitant in the district supplied. In addition to the above, 269,170,000 gallons were supplied to the city of Cambridge, 4,000,000 gallons were supplied to the town of Wakefield, and 1,608,000 gallons were supplied to the United States Government Reservation on Peddock's Island, making a total so supplied of 274,778,000 gallons, equiva- lent to a daily average rate of 753,000 gallons. The consumption in the several districts was as follows : Gallons per Day. Increase (Gallons per Day). Southern low-service district, embracing the low-service district of Boston, with the exception of Charlestown and East Boston Northern low-service district, embracing the low-service districts of Somer- ville, Chelsea, Maiden, Medford, Everett, Arlington, Charlestown and East 47,106,000 28 436 000 570,000 i 827,000 Southern high-service district, embracing the hUh-service districts of Boston, Quincy, Watertown, Belmont, and a portion of Milton, Northern high-service district, embracing Melrose, Reveie, Winthrop.Swamp- scott, Nahant and Stoneham, and the high-service districts of Somerville, Chelsea, Maiden, Medford, Everett and East Boston, Southern extra high-service district, embracing the highest portions of West Roxbury and Milton, Northern extra high-service district, embracing Lexington and the highest 33,409,000 8,226,000 636,000 585 000 2,799,000 233,000 132,000 68 000 118 398 000 3 489 000 1 Decrease. 122 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. The area of the several districts remains substantially the same as in 1904. The average daily rate of consumption for the past year has increased 3,489,000 gallons. During the year continuous measurements have been made by means of Venturi meters of the water consumed in each city and town supplied from the Metropolitan Works. From these measure- ments can be determined the consumption of water at any hour of the day in any city or town ; and in cases where the city or town is Average Rate of Consumption in Metropolitan Water District and Average Tem- perature of Air at Chestnut Hill Reservoir for Each Week during 1905. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr May. June. July. AUCJ. Sept Oct. Nov. -M 7 Heiffl4 II I8Z54 II 18 25 I 8I522?96 1320273 10I724I 8 I5Z2295 121926? 3 163307 14 21 284 II 18 32 9 162330 7 HZIZ84 H 18 25 &6 1320273 101724 I 8 15 2229 1219262 3 16 2330 7 1421284 II 18 25 2 9 162330 Jan Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June- July. Aua. Sept-. Oct. Nov. Dec Average Rate of Consumption for each week, thus E^j ,i between I and 4- A.M. for each week thus 18&o <* -< o s 1 en|Mg S 'S l>a l2Ss '^ Ok dsaqg 1 1 ^ 1 I 1 g jj *. 1 1 5 om0 S ' i ' a S i. 1 1 i ' 1 SaBJOH "i 100 ssl IW . aitj^ ajvnbg jad noii'indoj IUOUBIUJSJ 8 S S2 '"SS5SS ' 3 s POPULATION. janiaing S ' g ' ' S 2 | ' ' 1 jnaaBtujaj COtft'* IOS^-WCO w p^ * 1 (aOBJ -.ing J9i^i 8aipn[o -ui '8nK a.inbg) BJ y S5SSS22SSS g s ^ c,ooco sg s PREMISES. }aaA I jaqmnii iioj, gs 'sssgg 1 BatnaAva on mq '3ai -pjjng aaqiQ Jo sajoig aj 3ja qi qoiqAi no jaqran^j >'S!- * I g rt 1 E i eqt jnoqgnoam pejdnoDO s8ui B ^v f l,., MS , * g 1 1 1 5 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? i = cacQ|pacQ s & S cn | | 1 | | f 1 | 1 ] I 1 ] i 130 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. l-* <0 I 1M K5 [33 8 S ii- S daaqg I *' q)[M pajaauuoa jou 8aani9M(i a i a|{ W aaenbg jad nonflindOr] saujv aasnbg) eaay 2 S llss llplf "*- i'i'.' ' ' oa inq 'ffla| puna qio to BUJOJQ ajB ojaqj o ceocj cjeocjto i lillliii 2 S"2 S Totals, Totals Xo. 57. AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 88SS 5SSSSS Is i 8940H qiiii painsnnoo joa 93ai|i8M a a i a UK ajenbg aad aoiiB[iidoj (883BJ -ang J8jAi Saipnpnt sain* aasnbg) oa jnq 'i8aj s8 '' 51 SSSS 5S SS g|| 5J^S S3 M SS '"S'^S S 8 S 3 2 2 S i-ii giisSsli !i*t*|i I i ! II i 131 132 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. A summary of the work of sanitary inspection for 1905 is given in the following four tables. The first table shows for the Wachusett watershed the number of premises inspected, the classification of cases inspected, and the condition of the premises at the end of the year ; the second table gives the corresponding information for the Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds ; the third table shows the im- provements effected on the Wachusett watershed ; and the fourth table the improvements effected on the Sudbury and Cochituate watersheds. The headings of these tables explain themselves, except in a few instances: under the heading " Premises Vacant " are included all cases which at present furnish no objectionable drainage, but which might furnish such drainage if the premises were occupied ; under the heading " Unsatisfactory " are included all cases where there may be, under the most unfavorable conditions, wash from privies or direct sink drainage, all suspected cases, and all cases of manufactur- ing wastes entering feeders, even though there may be some attempt at previous purification. In the third and fourth tables no cases are entered as remedied unless complete sewer connections have been made, or all proba- bility of future contamination has been removed ; and no cases are entered as partly remedied except where positive improvement in the sanitary condition has been effected. Summary of Sanitary Inspections on the Wachusett Watershed in 1905. DISTRICT. Number of Premises inspected. 1 CLASSIFICATION or CASES INSPECTED. COND AT El YE K | 5 1 CO ITION fD OP Alt. ; 1 ! I j2 1 X * Direct Privy Drainage. Indirect Privy Drainage. Direct Sink Drainage. Indirect Sink Drainage. Manure Piles. Manufacturing Wastes. Premises Vacant. French Brook, . Muddy Brook, . Gates Brook, Maiden Brook, 80 32 130 17 150 2T1 95 . 82 47 209 148 164 s 27 1,452 31 8 71 7 33 121 34 21 1 56 42 42 13 "484* 1 1 6 22 12 3 2 1 ~48~ 3 2 2 4 11 1 4 41 2 3 4 26 7 4 7 2 17 1 73 14 9 11 1 16 25 13 3 6 22 11 19 ~149 32 24 59 13 77 96 51 36 29 108 86 65 14 ~690 1 3 1 1 T 14 6 2 12 11 6 14 4 9 8 10 6 102 70 31 122 16 131 226 76 74 42 186 132 125 26 1,257 10 1 8 1 19 45 9 8 5 23 16 39 1 195 Chaflin Brook, Asnebumskit Brook, . South Wachuaett Brook, Trout Brook, East Wachusett Brook, SUllwater River, . Waushacum, French Hill Totals 1 On some premises there were 2 or more cases. * Not including 206 summer cottages located near the Wauahacum Lakes. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 133 Summary of Sanitary Inspections on the Sudbury and Cochituate Watersheds in 1905. CONDITION JO CLASSIFICATION OP CASES INSPECTED. AT END OF YBAB. DISTRICT. PH Is 1 ?-||- J *$ s Qfl m g . o t. l-t . . * ft| M = si s 2^ M C6 Q '- i! II 1 ill! Sg Jl o 1 8S 11 P" 1 1 ta o 3 - 3 5 5 a S (B & Sudbury Watershed. Farm Pond, . 237 23 2 22 11 235 2 Framingham Reservoir No. 3 72 32 i . _ _ 34 49 _ 3 69 3 Stony Brook, . 289 197 4 _ 3 2 49 113 _ 18 270 19 Angle Brook, . Framingham Reservoirs NOB 1,966 347 8 4 8 153 251 1 65 1,882 84 1 and 2, and Cold Spring Brook, .... 274 92 5 M 2 _ 110 113 _ 30 262 12 Eastern Sudbury, . 242 194 7 _ 2 _ 48 44 2 11 227 15 Indian Brook, 420 159 9 H 2 7 170 83 _ 65 i 386 34 Western Sudbury, 184 60 1 _ 4 5 78 54 1 31 !! 155 29 Whitehall Reservoir, . 113 22 _ 1 1 75 37 13 102 11 Cedar Swamp, 810 348 2 - 1 6 97 128 1 791 19 Cochituate Watershed. * Snake Brook, .... 320 214 5 _ _, 2 93 68 _ 8 296 24 Pegan Brook 907 Course Brook, ... 88 279 49 8 ; 4 4 78 29 110 41 2 29 7 876 86 31 2 Beaver Dam Brook, . . 1,060 210 6 _ 6 4 92 183 2 22 , 1,007 53 Dug Pond, . . . . | 498 212 - - 3 7 42 49 - 8 475 231 Totals 1 7,480 2.438 56 _ 32 46 1,150 1,345 9 377 7,119 361 i 1 1 On some premises there are 2 or more cases. Sanitary Improvements effected on the Wachusett Watershed in 1905. DISTRICT. Remedied.* Partly remedied. g Muddy Brook 2 | Maiden Brook Chaffin Brook . ... 5 10 2 6 South Wachnsett Brook 8 1 - 1 _ 20 2 - French Dill . . 11 1 74 13 Including buildings burned, torn down or removed. 134 .METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Sanitary Improvements effected on the Sudbury and Cochituate Watersheds in 1905. Remedied by Sewer Otherwise remedied. 1 Cesspools Purtlv abandoned remedt f A-unt of Connections. Sudbury Watershed. Farm Pond, 12 Framingham Reservoir No. 3, Stony Brook, Angle Brook 42 Framingham Reservoirs Nos. 1 and 2, and Cold Spring Brook. Eastern Sudbury, Indian Brook Western Sudbury Whitehall Reservoir Cedar Swamp 9 Cochituate Watershed. Snake Brook Pegan Brook, 44 Course Brook, Beaver Dam Brook, Dug Pond Totals 161 1 Including buildings burned, torn down or removed. Considerable work has been done upon the Wachusett watershed in the building of new cesspools and cemented vaults, as well as by the removal of buildings, already noted. A total of 74 cases were remedied and 48 new cesspools were dug. The making of sewer connections in the various towns has pro- gressed somewhat faster than in the past. In Natick fixtures were installed and sewer connections made with 64 houses, against 51 the preceding year, and there are now 718 houses connected with the sewer. In South Framingham 46 houses have been connected with the sewer, against 45 the preceding year, making a total of 911 houses connected with the sewer. In Marlborough there have been 45 connections, against 35 the pre- ceding year. There are now 1,398 houses connected with the sewer. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 135 In Westborough 9 connections were made this year, against 13 the preceding year, and to date only 295 premises have sewer con- nections. DRAINAGE OF SWAMPS. On the ditches tributary to the open channel it has been necessary during the year to replace 15 wooden bridges across the ditches and to repair 2 others, at a total cost of $220. The usual work at these ditches has been done by the regular attendants. The drainage ditches in the vicinity of the Sudbury Reservoir were cleaned twice during the year, and in August the brush was cut for a width of about 10 feet on each side of the ditches. DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIRS. The distributing reservoirs maintained by the Board are the Wes- ton and Chestnut Hill reservoirs, the Waban Hill and Forbes Hill reservoirs and the Forbes Hill standpipe of the southern high-ser- vice system ; Spot Pond and the Mystic Reservoir, near Tufts Col- lege, of the northern low-service system ; the Fells and Bear Hill reservoirs of the northern high-service system ; and the Arlington standpipe of the northern extra high-service system. Weston Reservoir. The grounds about the reservoir have been kept in good order. The old Upham house on Ash Street was extensively repaired, and has been occupied since September by one of the employes. Chestnut Hill Reservoir. In addition to the usual care of the gate-houses and grounds, re- pairs have been made at this reservoir as follows : about 30 square yards of granolithic walk were laid in front of the low-service station, to replace that damaged by the break in the 30-inch pipe line in February, 1904. About 2,G50 linear feet of gravel walks around the reservoir were rebuilt. The lawn in front of the pumping stations and the great circle between the basins were dug up and reseeded in the fall. A considerable amount of work was done repairing windows and setting glass in effluent gate-houses Xos. 1 and 2 and the terminal chamber. The ironwork was cleaned and painted in the influent and intermediate gate-houses, in the small gate-house over the Cochituate 136 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Aqueduct on Reservoir Lane, and in the screen-chamber in the high- service station. Gypsy moths in large numbers made their first appearance here, and much time was spent in destroying their nests. More brown-tail moths were found than in any previous year. Waban Hill Reservoir. The reservoir and gate-house are in good condition. The banks of the reservoir have been loamed, seeded and rolled, and the iron- work in the gate-house has been cleaned and painted. Forbes Hill Reservoir and Standpipe. The woodwork and the ironwork of the tower and reservoir gate- chamber, and the iron railing around the reservoir, have been kept painted by the attendant. Spot Pond. While repairs were being made to the Weston Aqueduct, water was drawn from the pond for the supply of the District from Janu- ary 25 to February 20, and the water fell to about 4 feet below high water; on April 1 it had risen to within 6 inches of high water. During repairs to the Sudbury Aqueduct, water was drawn from the pond from April 11 to April 23, and the water fell to about 2 feet below high water. From the middle of May until the end of the year the pond has remained at or near high water except from September 2 to September 9, when heavy rains caused it to rise about 6 inches above high water. The reservoir and grounds about the pumping station are in good condition. The Bottume house has been repaired, and is now occupied by the foreman. In the meadow off South Street, Stoneham, 130 feet of 5-inch tile drain were laid, to replace 3-inch which had proved too small. For the double purpose of improving the character of the wooded areas and of reducing the number of trees to be protected from gypsy and brown- tail moths, a large number of trees on the thickly wooded areas have been cut down. About 563 cords of wood and 253 logs were cut and piled. Between February 24 and July 21 creosote was applied to the egg clusters of the gypsy moth, and bands of burlap and of tanglefoot were placed around the trees, and the foliage was sprayed with disparene. A large number of caterpillars, however, appeared in the spring from off the ground, due, probably, to broken egg Xo. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 137 clusters accidentally scraped from the trees which were cut down during the winter. Tanglefoot was applied to each tree as soon as the new caterpillars were discovered, but not soon enough to prevent thousands from getting into the trees. At several points windrows of hay sprinkled with gas oil were used to prevent the caterpillars from entering the property of the Board from surrounding land which had not been protected. As a result of these measures, the foliage on the trees on the land of the Board was injured but very little, and showed a marked contrast to that on adjoining property. Mystic Reservoir, The reservoir had not been cleaned for thirteen years, and on September 16 it was shut off and drained for that purpose. With the exception of two cracks, the brick lining was found to be in good condition. An accumulation of about 3 inches of silt was found on the bottom of the two basins, 260 cubic yards of which was hoisted out and spread on the banks, and the remainder washed out through the drain. The cement covering on the 30-inch pipe through the easterly basL. was found to be badly cracked, and was removed, the pipe cleaned, painted with vulcanite and again covered with a mixture of 1 part of Portland cement to 3 parts of sand. The work of refilling began on October 6, the reservoir having been shut off for nineteen days. In addition to the silt from the reservoir, 19 cords of manure was spread upon the banks. The tin roof of the gate-house has been extensively repaired and the exterior painted, the stonework of the reservoir partially repointed, and the trees cleared of moths. A local police officer was on duty on Sunday afternoons and evenings during May and June, to assist the attend- ant in preserving order. Fells and Bear Hill Reservoirs. In order to keep out the rain, metal tops were placed on the chimneys on the gate-houses at both reservoirs. The reservoirs, with their gate-houses and grounds, are in good order. Arlington Standpipe. The standpipe has been in service throughout the entire year. 138 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Mystic Lake. The water in the lake was kept from 2^ to 3 feet below hi^h water from the first of January until the last of April. From this time until the end of the year it was kept from 1^ to 2 feet below high water, and on January 1, 1906, stood at elevation 15.50 above Boston City Base, or iy 2 feet below high-water mark. The work here has consisted principally of destroying moths, cutting and burning underbrush and repairing fishway. The Medford Boat Club has had shingled the roofs of the buildings which they use for the storage of boats. PIPE LINES. Sixteen leaks were repaired on the pipes, at a cost of $474.95. The only break in the pipe lines occurred on October 28, near the low-service pumping station at Chestnut Hill, in the 36-inch force main to Fisher Hill Reservoir. The repairing of this break, which was caused by uneven settlement, cost $180.78, exclusive of the work remaining to be done on the lawn and walk. The supply pipe line was out of service from March 5 to March 14, while masons were working in the Weston Aqueduct. The river crossings were tested in the spring and fall as usual, and in October it was necessary to secure the services of a diver to repair four joints in the Mystic River and one joint in the Charles River which were found to be leaking badly. In order to allow shutting off the supply to Orient Heights, when necessary, without interfering with the flow to Winthrop, a 12-inch valve was placed in the line at Atlantic and Crescent avenues, Re- vere. The work of making connections between the pump in the low-service station at Chestnut Hill and the 36-inch force main to Fisher Hill Reservoir was begun early in November, and is still in progress. Considerable work was done on valve chambers to make them conform to the new grades established for streets in various parts of the Metropolitan District. All the pipe bridges with the exception of the Western Avenue bridge over the Saugus River have been cleaned and painted, and the stonework in the abutments of the Mystic River pipe bridge was repointed. Twenty-one recording pressure gages are now in use, connected with the distribution system at different points. The average maxi- No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 139 mum and minimum elevations of the water, due to the pressure at seventeen points in different parts of the District, are given in Ap- pendix No. 3, Table No. 38. METERED CONNECTIONS. The number of metered connections with the main pipes of cities and towns in service in the Metropolitan Water District, on January 1, 1906, was 56, 2 having been added during the year. Of these connections, 54 are supplied through Venturi meters and 2 through the ordinary form of water meter. Two new meters have been added during the year, one on the main supplying Stoneham, and another on the main supplying Breed's Island high-service. The first of these was a Venturi meter, having a 12-inch tube with a 4-inch throat ; and the other was a 3-inch Hersey disc meter, set in a by- pass of small diameter, a large emergency flow being provided for by a weighted check valve placed in the 12-inch pipe from which the meter by-pass was taken. The 20-inch Venturi meter at Webster Avenue and Newton Street, Somerville, was replaced with a 24-inch meter. The outside operation and maintenance have continued to be cared for by two men, who, besides the work of reading and winding the registers, have cleaned, oiled, painted and repaired the registers and chambers. As no further trouble from freezing of the water in the registers was experienced with the seven meter tanks treated last year with an insulated coating of pitch and cork, six more tanks, with which similar trouble had been experienced, have been treated in like man- ner. This work was done by the maintenance force, at a cost of about $48.50 per chamber, or $21.50 less per chamber than last year. ELECTROLYSIS. Investigations of the electrical conditions surrounding the pipes in the Distribution System have been continued during the year. A complete voltmeter survey of the entire district was made about April 1, and another about November 1. A large number of mis- cellaneous investigations have also been conducted in connection with experimental work pertaining to electrolysis of water pipes. The distribution and magnitude of the differences of electrical po- tential, or electrical pressures, and of the electric currents flowing on 140 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. the pipes, which result from these pressures and produce the dis- integration of the pipes, have been obtained from the voltmeter surveys. With the exception of the change produced artificially by setting the insulation joints on the two 48-inch low-service pipe lines con- necting the Chestnut Hill pumping station and Spot Pond, the elec- trical conditions have remained about the same as during 1904. There has probably been a slight increase in the rate of disintegra- tion of the pipes in the vicinity of the power stations in Chelsea and Lynn, this year. A thorough examination of the pipes in these dis- tricts was made in 1903, and about 600 feet of 12-inch pipe line in the vicinity of the Lynn power station, which had been the most seriously damaged by electrolysis, was relaid with new pipe last year. No excavations have been made to determine the conditions of these pipes this year, as it is difficult to determine definitely the amount of injury done in a short interval of time. The electrical conditions surrounding our 20-inch pipe in Main Street, Stoneham, and 12-inch pipe in West Street, Hyde Park, tend to cause the disintegration of the pipes. An examination of the pipe in West Street, Hyde Park, was made in June, 1904 ; and it was found that, on account of the pipes being surrounded by dry, gravelly soil, the electrolytic action was quite uniformly distributed over the entire pipe surface, and the pittings were not very deep at any point. As the soil conditions in Main Street, Stoneham, are quite similar to those in Hyde Park, no attempt has been made to determine the extent of the deterioration of the 20-inch pipes at this place this year, as it is probable that it will be several years before the disintegration of the iron will cause them to be unsafe. At the close of last year the work of setting insulation joints at several points on the pipe lines in the district covered by the Boston Elevated Railway Company was in progress, and four of the joints had been set in the westerly 48-inch pipe line connecting Chestnut Hill pumping station and Spot Pond. In January of this year insulation joints were set at two points on the easterly 48-inch pipe line connecting Chestnut Hill pumping station and Spot Pond. These joints were set on the electrically positive side of the Charles and Mystic rivers, for the purpose of reversing the polarity of the pipes submerged under these rivers, so that the pipes would be negative instead of positive to the sur- No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 141 rounding earth and water, with the result that the electricity would flow on to them from the earth without causing damage, instead of flowing from them into the earth, and causing a disintegration of the iron. The joints are located in Middlesex Avenue, Medford, at a point about 2,100 feet north of the shore of the Mystic River, and in land of the Commonwealth which was a portion of the Francis estate in Boston, at a point about 200 feet south of the shore of the Charles River. The setting of these joints completed all the work which had been planned, for experimental purposes, under an agreement with the Boston Elevated Railway Company. The total cost of setting these joints at the six points on the two 48-inch pipe lines was $3,700.80. In the last annual report certain conclusions were drawn from a necessarily rather incomplete investigation of the effect of the insu- lation joints which had been set. Complete investigations made during this year have, however, confirmed the conclusions reached last year. Investigations made this year show that the reversal of the elec- trical condition of the pipe lines under the Charles and Mystic rivers has been accomplished as anticipated, as these sections of the pipe lines are now receiving about 35 amperes of electricity, instead of losing about 60 amperes, as formerly. On the portions of the pipe lines directly affected by the insula- tion joints there has been a substantial reduction in the amount of electricity leaving the pipes in wet ground and in the total amount of electricity leaving the pipe lines, but the currents remaining on the pipes are still of such magnitude as to cause serious injury at many points. By creating new positive districts the joints have caused a dis- tribution of the damage over many portions of the pipe systems where it will be more difficult to locate it, and in a measure have destroyed the benefit which resulted from connecting the positive bus-bar to the railway feed wires, which was done several years ago, so as to concentrate the injury to the pipes in the district near the power station, where it could be most easily located. No extensive examination has been made of the pipe lines in any of these new positive districts on the positive side of the insulation joints where damage is expected from electrolysis, due to the differ- 142 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. ence of potential maintained across the joints, because it would be difficult to detect the injury done in a single year, except where the soil conditions are favorable to rapid action ; but an examination of the top of the flanges at insulation joint No. Gin Middlesex Avenue, where exposed in the chamber, revealed several distinct pits about 14 of an inch deep on the positive flange ; the negative flange was unaffected. This joint is covered with water during a considerable portion of the year. Since the insulation joints have been set, it has been possible to obtain a more accurate measure of the total fall of potential on the Boston Elevated tracks and return system than in the past. This " return drop," as it is often called, was found to average as high as 20 volts during the "average load" periods and 40 volts during "peak load" periods, which is much in excess of the 7 volts allowed by the government regulations in England, and an even smaller limit allowed by the government regulations in France and Ger- many. Our investigations have shown that the amount of injury to pipes from electrolysis in any given district is directly proportional to the "return drop; " and that a very large reduction in the amount of electrolytic damage could be made by the railway company, by reducing the " return drop " so as to conform to the foreign practice. The " return drop " on the Boston & Northern and Old Colony street railways has not been accurately obtained, but is somewhat larger than the " return drop" on the Boston Elevated Railway. Several cases of damage to the local water pipes from electrolysis have been discovered in Boston, Chelsea, Cambridge and Hyde Park during the year, which were due to the bonding of the under- ground telephone cable sheaths to the tracks, to protect them from electrolysis. These facts have shown us that it is very important to obtain the differences of potential between our pipes and the tele- phone cables. The location of the fifty or more bonds between the telephone cable and the railway returns has already been obtained, and arrangements have been made to obtain the differences of poten- tial between the cables and our pipes early next year. Tests have been made during the year of several insulation coat- ings applied to short pieces of pipe, and some of them were of very high resistance ; but, on account of the mechanical difficulties to be No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 143 overcome in applying a perfect coating and preserving it in perfect condition in practical use, there appears to be very little chance of preventing electrolysis by their use. CLINTON SEWERAGE. The Clinton sewage disposal works were in daily operation during the whole year. The amount of sewage pumped and filtered was about 97,000 gallons per day less than during the preceding year. This decrease was due largely to the comparatively small amount of water which has been allowed to run in the river, and the conse- quent decrease in the amount of water entering a leaky section of the town sewers located close to the river, between the Lancaster Mills and Germantown. A small part of the decrease is due to the extension of the metering of house services in Clinton, by which the waste of water has been checked. Following are statistics relating to the operation of the pumping station : Daily average quantity of sewage pumped (gallons), .... 643,000 Daily average quantity of coal consumed (pounds), .... 1,175 Gallons pumped per pound of coal, 547 Number of days pumping, 365 Cost of pumping : Labor, $1,217 11 Fuel ... 969 63 Repairs and supplies, 256 41 Total for station, , $2,443 15 Cost per million gallons pumped, . $ 10 41 Cost per million gallons raised 1 foot high, _. 21 Filter-beds. The 8 settling basins which were put in operation during Novem- ber of the previous year have been in continuous operation during the present year. During January, February, March and December the sewage was turned through a basin which was used continuously for two weeks, when the sewage was drawn off and another basin used. After March, until July first, the sewage was allowed to run through a basin for one week, and was drawn off after standing in the basin two days. After July first, until December, the sewage 144 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. was allowed to run through a basin for three days, and was almost immediately drawn off and another basin put in use. Considerable sludge has accumulated in the basins, which has been removed by the farmers after being allowed to dry out for about a week. While passing through and standing in the basins rather more than 5 per cent, of the water is lost by seepage into the ground. The use of the basins has not materially improved the character of the effluent from the filter-beds. During the warmer part of the year the sewage was applied in about the same quantity per bed to the 19 beds from which all soil had been removed and to the 6 beds from which soil had not been removed ; but the latter beds were not used during the colder part of the year. From May 4 to November 30 the sewage was applied to a bed having an area of 1 acre, for about one and one-half hours, the amount per .application being about 143,000 gallons, and each bed was used ab^rt once in six days, which gives an average of about 23,000 gallons of sewage per acre per day. During the colder portion of the year, when the temperature was below 15 above zero, all the sewage of one day's pumping was applied to one of 5 improved beds which had been prepared with furrows 3 feet 6 inches apart, the average amount per application being 523,000 gallons, and each furrowed bed was used about once in thirteen days. When the temperature was higher than 15 above zero, the sewage was applied to improved beds which had not been furrowed, for about two and one-half hours, at the rate of about 336,000 gallons per application, and each bed was used about once in eleven days. The degree of purification -has been about the same as during preceding years. The amount of organic matter removed has been somewhat greater than for any year since 1901 ; but the nitrification has hardly been as good, the nitrates in the effluent being lower than in any previous year since the works have been operated. The purification during the last half of the year has been markedly better than during the first half, as has been usual in other years. The results of chemical analyses of the sewage and effluent are given in the following table : No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 145 [Parts per 100,000.] 19OO. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. January to June, 1905, inclusive. July to December, 1905, inclusive. Whole Year, 1905. Albuminoid ammonia, sew- age. A Ibuminoid ammonia, efflu- ent. Per cent, removed, 1.380 .089 94 1.0025 .0741 91 1.0517 .0891 89 .9233 .0782 92 .7967 .0686 91 .8467 .0801 91 1.4033 .0772 94 1.1250 .0787 Oxygen consumed, sewage, 14.84 10.73 8.85 8.65 8.57 11.72 14.50 13.11 Oxygen consumed, effluent, 1.09 .82 1.15 1.12 .99 1.22 1.02 1.126 Per cent, removed, 93 91 84 87 88 90 93 91 Free ammonia, sewage, . 3.9500 3.4533 4.3284 3.8292 3.97 3.9600 5.6467 4.7533 Free ammonia, effluent, 1.0631 .5792 .6862 1.0185 .99 1.0713 .8360 .9588 Per cent, removed, 73 83 84 73 75 73 "/. 80 Nitrogen as nitrates, efflu- ent. .7300 .9298 .9815 .4168 .4046 .1866 fee o* .2665 The cost of maintaining the filter beds, exclusi\^Jof the cost of building some board-bottom paved ditches and^Jying pipe drains to drain contiguous land, and of repairs on hdfoes belonging to the Board, for which $336.17 has been expendedjfcr labor and supplies, has been as follows : ^ V> , . . . $2,47573 Repairs and supplies, Total, Cost per million gallons filtered, . 77 70 $2,553 43 $10 88 Appended to this report are tables of contracts giving the amount of work done and other information, a statement of the cement tests, a long series of tables relating to the maintenance of the Metropoli- tan Water Works, tables showing the length of main pipes and number of service pipes, meters and fire hydrants in the Metropoli- tan Water District, and a summary of statistics for 1905. Respectfully submitted, BOSTOX, January 1, 1906. FREDERIC P. STEARNS, Chief Engineer. 146 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. EEPOET OF ENGINEEE OF SEWEEAGE WOEKS, To the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board. GENTLEMEN : The following is a report of the operations of the Engineering Department of the Metropolitan Sewerage Works for the year ending December 31, 1905. ORGANIZATION. The engineering organization during the year has been as fol- lows : Division Engineers : FREDERICK D. SMITH, FRANK I. CAPEN, . FRANK A. EMERY, . In charge of maintenance, South Metropolitan System, and construction of High-level Sewer in Quincy and Milton. In charge of maintenance and construction, North Metropolitan In charge of office, drafting room and records. In addition to the above, there were employed at the end of the year 8 engineering and other assistants. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 147 METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE DISTRICTS. AREAS AND POPULATIONS. During the year no changes have been made in the extent of the sewerage districts. The area of the North Metropolitan District re- mains at 90.50 square miles, and of the South Metropolitan District at 100. 87 square miles, a total, inclusive of water surfaces, of 191.37 square miles. These districts include the whole or parts of 25 cities and towns, as set forth in the following table. The populations in the table are based on the census of 1905. It will be noted that the recent census returns do not fully justify all the published forecasts of earlier reports. Table showing Areas and Estimated Populations within the Metropolitan Sewerage District, as of December 31, 1905. CITY OB TOWN. Area (Square Miles). Estimated Popu- lation. (I South Metropolitan North Metropolitan District. District. 5.20 4.66 3.45 6.11 2.24 3.34 5.11 5.07 8.35 3.73 5.86 3.96 5.50 7.65 5.95 1.61 12.71 90.50 20.39 6.81 9.40 4.57 12.59 16.88 12.56 13.63 4.04 9,820 4,390 93,275 98,210 37,700 29,770 2,800 88,610 19,900 14,500 12,950 70,200 6,340 10,410 8,400 7,140 14,430 144,200 23,910 7,400 14,630 7,090 37,240 28,160 26,600 11,420 478,845 800,650 Boston (portions of), Chelsea . Lexington, 1 . Maiden Medford ... .... Melrose Wakefleld .... ... Winthrop . .... Woburn 'Boston (portions of) Milton Watertown 100.87 191.37 779,495 Part of town. 148 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. METROPOLITAN SEWERS. SEWERS PURCHASED AND CONSTRUCTED AND THEIR CONNECTIONS. Within the Sewerage Districts there are now 96.12 miles of Met- ropolitan sewers. Of this total, 8.79 miles of sewers, with the Quincy pumping station, have been purchased from cities and towns of the districts, the remaining 87 miles of Metropolitan sewers hav- ing been constructed by the Metropolitan boards. The position, lengths and sizes of these sewers are given in the following tables, together with other data referring to the public and special connections with the system : North Metropolitan System. 1 se - SPECIAL CONNECTION 8. CITY OB TOWN. Size of Sewers. i 5 fjj Character or Location of Number in 1? -" * w Connection. Opera- |3l tion. Boston: Deer Island, . 6' 3" to 9', . . . . 1.367 4 East Boston, . 9' to 1', ft 467 20 Charlestown, . 6' 7"X7' 5" to 1', . .. . 3.292 Navy Yard Almshouse, .... 9' .' f, 864 7J Club house Fire Dept. Station, Bakery Chelsea, . 8' 4"X9' 2" to 1' 10"X2'4",. 5.123 I 7-! Rendering works, Metropolitan Water Works ^ blow-off Everett, 8'2"x8'10"to4'8"x5'l",. 2.925 l Metropolitan Water Works blow-off Maiden, . . 4' 6"X4' 10" to 1' 3", . 3.9311 26 | Metropolitan Water Works blow-off Private buildings, Private buildings, 11 10 Melrose, . 4' 6"X4' 10" to 10", 6.099 s Factory, Railroad station, Cambridge, 5' 2"X5' 9" to 1' 3", . 7.167 i Slaughter-house, City Hospital, . f Tannery, . Somerville, 6'5"x7'2"tol'10"X2'3",. 3.471 10 ( Slaughter-houses (3), Car-house, . l Stable ( Armory building, Medford, . 4' 8"X5' 1" to 10", 5.359 20 Private buildings, ( Stable, .... f Tannery, Private buildings, Winchester, 2' 11"X3' 3" to 1' 3", . 6.428 13 5 386 5 389 5 372 5 325 218 700i| 221 712 25 7141 25! 788 ! 25 769 ! 25 ! 807, 25 i 885 25 851! 25 806 218 403 222 451 25 4741 25; 486' 25 497|i 25' 488j! 25 505 25 1 504 25 438 7 974 868 621 877 70 862 65 907 64 898 60 911 20 956 15 957' 5! 928 ^ 974 395 621 498 70 450 65 462 65 430] 60 445 20 376 15 412, 5 371 S 51 51 927 433 28 28 924 428 - - - - - 9 251 475 251 538 15 597 15 664 15 692 15 709 15 728 15 667 _ _ 250 281 252 378 15 448 16 496 15 486 15 486 15 481 15 434 _ _ 10 20 946 13 970 5 996 5 971 5 874 5 1,047 5 839 _ _ 20 434 18 478 5 ft 445 5 431 5 352 - - 5 388 -' - 11 5,861 832 5,165 850 531 817 455 87 2 469 856 445 ~864 380 876 310 863 204 876 5,926 394 5,172 452 555 458 455 455 449 448 440 433 380 401 310 397 205 3SO 7,065 222 2,925 293 430 351 415 392 _ 364 423 _ . 230 469 160 471 j 7,042 183 1,399 118 2,918 1,387 273 197 425 355 398 287 410 325 8 : : 365 300 526 418 1 1 230 164 S 100 100 621 413 of the Weston Aqueduct, 1901 to 1903, Inclusive. II II II 1 1 1 4,346 664 2.266 718 i 490 7451 275i 757 _ _ 1S3 750 93 741 39 832 14 836 4^69 284 3,141 i 401 J 523 470 291; 446 _ m 191 402 90 405 58 398 15: 399 lo 431 659: 228 i 707 98 7621! 82! 764 _ _ M 759 25 808 12 83dl ~ - 405 323 268 ! 402 102 482 89 476 _ _ 91 449 23 433 15 436|i - - 14 130 719; 104 ' 792 73 780! 85 830 _ m 65 822 34 830 29 848 14 880 127 269: 103 398 67 410 78 397 _ _ 61 350 24 449 38 S40H 15 334 15 210| 639:| 169 j 730 64 744 49 765 m _ 4S 769 20 827 10 971 101 952 16 208 314 166 455 08 491 49 490 ' - 50 418 20 433 10 434 10 426 5,117 664 2,767 721 725 750 491 772 _ _ 362 767 172 778 PO 853 38 8S3 4,909 288 3,078 403 760 468 507 448 _ _ 393 418 157 419 121 388 40 381 4,474 4,415 164 12S 2,509 2,580 253 242 220 217 320 335 159 tag 355 383 - - 1S6 146 350 355 92 99 d 349 63 M 335 24 20 405 333 I" 833 205 409 269 63 312 52 356 _ _ 32 394 25 M 15 404 _ 833 1741 431 246 69 345 51 395 - - 30 467 20 601 15 541 - - 1*> 6,307 170 2,978 255 Isli" ^18 211 355 I ~ 218 357 117 378 78|~379 24 405 5,248 136 3,017 242 286 338 219 386 ' ' 176 374 119 374 70 379 20 333 178 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. SSSS5S2S5SSS S S S BIUIOJ, ~:g3~S:J3 us?? SSSKSSSSSSS s s uaqaiaAOs; SSS23SSSg CO S jaqojoo S2SS5S2S2^ 5 5 S jsqtuaidsg S3S3SSSSS3S jsngny KSgggSgSg^g g g ^ 283SSSgcS32S 3 8 5? aunf 2 S AH SooSoSSSSSSSCT S 53 W, SSSSSS5.gSS g g 2 SSSSSSSocScoeS " s * CO CO CO ?aDP2!Efa<1a6 o 1 1 1 -paqsia^^V -paqsjajBAi 1 J nasnqos^ Xanqpng ij O 02 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 179 TABLE No. 2. Rainfall in Inches at Jefferson, Mass., in 1905. DAT OP MONTH. January. February. 1 ! >, 1 -5 j*. a >-> 1 September October. November. December. 3 4 ... 1.60 s - - - - i 5.38 - 0.65 1.30 0.80' 1.21 0.57 0.13 0.14 0.50 8 ... 48 9 10, 0.408 0.653 0.42 0.14 0.35 1.30 0.38 i - - i 0.95 2 65 3 73 08 0.67 76 15, - / 0.022 - - - - - - 0.26 - 17 i 0.08 i i 04 2 i 45 1.13 i i 1.14 27 - 0.23 - 0.09 - 0.06 - - - - 1.46 0.56 30 12 06 i 41 Total, 1.73 4.27 2.39 0.82 5.74 3.83 3.16 6.64 1.93 2.87 4.09 Total for the year, 43.40 inches. Rainfall included in that of following day. * Snow. Rain and snow. 180 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 3. Rainfall in Inches at Framingham, Mass., in 1905. DAT or MONTH. 1 a eS >-) February. 1 a <3 i 1 2? 3 >-3 s 1 September. 1 November. 1 02 18 2, . . . 20 i 3 1 58' - 02- - - - 0.05 6 28 0.08 56 1 18* i 03 6, 0.97 s 1.31 0.04 46 03 0.33 7 1.91 0.02 2 i - - - . - 9 i 0.04 0.06 0.08 i 10 ... 65 0.08 _ 0.72 2 11 0.75 0.07 0.04 12 58 61 s 08 1 04 22 39 37 0.16 0.49 15 \ 16 21 0.07 19 20, . ... - 0.05- 0.25 - 0.63 0.62 0.02 i 0.26 0.87 - - 22, . . ".. . . 0.242 - 0.752 - - 0.83 - 0.27 - - - 24 ... 0.02 0.01 35 26, . . . . : . 27, . . ... - 0.03 - 0.16 i 0.66 - 0.16 - - - 29 30 - - 02 0.02 13 - 0.11 28 - - 0.97 0.92 Total, 5.30 2.12 3.21 2.66 1.23 5.03 6.21 2.54 7.16 1.41 1.94 4.02 Total for the year, 41.83 inches. Rainfall included In that of following day. - Snow. 3 Rain and snow. No. 57.] AND SEWEEAGE BOAED. 181 TABLE No. 4. Rainfall in Inches at Chestnut Hill Reservoir in 1905. DATE. | ! Duration. DATE. | Duration. Jan. 2, Jan. 4, Jan. 6, Jan. 7, Jan. 11, Jan. 12, Jan. 21, Jan. 22, Jan 24, Jan. 25, Jan. 28, . I'-" ,.. 0.60 0.152 1.322 0.07* 10.15 A.M. to 2.30 P.M. I 4.55 A.M. to 8.10A.M. 11.20 P.M. to 7.00AM. 7.30 P.M. to 220P.M. 6.30 P.M. to 11.35 P.M. 1.30P.M. to 5.00PM. June 2, June 6, June 7. . June 8, . June 11, . June 13, . June 19, . June 22, . June 26, June 27, June 28, . 0.02 0.51 0.68 1.60 2.00 0.41 0.14 02 3.50P.M. to 6.10 P.M. 1.30 A.M. to 5.15P.M. 8.30 P.M. to 1.00 P.M. 10.05 P.M. to 2.45 A.M. 4.30 A.M. to 5.45 A.M. 2.15 A M. to 7 20 P.M. 11.30 A.M. to 3.00PM. Total, . 5.49 Total, . TsT Feb. 6, . Feb. 7, . Feb. 8, . Feb. 10, . Fet.. 12, . Feb. 13, . Feb. 20, Total, . (.... | 0.602 | 0.562 0.06* 2.27 6.00 A.M. to 4.00 P.M. 8.00 P.M. to 3.10A.M. 4.30 P.M. to 4.45 P.M. 11.00 A.M. to 600PM. July 2, . July 3, . . July 10, . July 14, . July 16, . . July 17, . July 19, . July 29, . Aug 1, . 0.31 0.04 0.82' 0.06 0.02 0.04 j 0.63 5.15 A.M. to 3.00 A.M. 4.20 A M. to 6.40 A M. 6.05 P.M. to 11.55PM. 10.05 P.M. to 11. 25 P.M. 5 45 A.M. tO 8.10AM. 1.35 P.M. to 500PM. 4.45P.M. to 7.00 A.M. Mar. 4, . 0.05* 5.05 A.M to 330P.M. Total, . 1.92 Mar. 7, . Mar. 9, . J0.91 10.00 p.M to 12.25 P.M. Aug. 1, . 0.02 7.00 A.M to 4.20 P.M. Mar. 10, . Mar. 19, . Mar. 20, . Mar. 21, . Mar. 22, . Mar. 25, . Mar. 26, . Mar. 28, . Mar. 30, . Total, . 0.40 0.24 0.03 jl.04 J0.5B 0.04 0.10 3.34 8.00 p.M to 11.25P.M. 6.05 A.M to 10.30 p M 1.20 A.M to 7.30A.M. 11.45A.M. to 6.45 A.M. 1 12.10 A M. to 2.20A.M. 10.00 P.M. to 12.00 P.M. 9.00P.M. to 10.15P.M. Aug. 2, . Aug. 3, . . Aug. 9, . . Aug. 12, . Aug. 16, . . Au|. 16! . . Aug. 22, . . Aug. 24, . Aug. 25, . . Aug. 27, Aug. 29, . Aug. 30, . . 0.07 0.09 0.15 1.06 0.62 0.18 0.22' JO. 29 0.19 0.11 0.44' 3.40 P.M. to 4.15P.M. 4.00 A.M. tO 6.30 A.M. 1.15 P.M. to 8 00 P.M. 11.40 A M to 4.30P.M. 5.45A.M. tO 11.00 AM. 3.30 p M. to 9.10 p M. 605P.M. to 6.45PM. 11. 00 P.M. to 3.20 p M. 8.20A.M. to 9.30A.M. 2.00 A.M. to 5.45 A.M. 9.00P.M. to 11. 05PM. Apr. 4, . Apr. 6, . jl.74 10.40 P.M. to 11.30AM. Total, . 3.47 Apr 11 Apr. 12, . . Apr. 20, . Apr. 22, . Apr. 29, . . Total, . J0.82 J0.60 0.02 3.08 1.30 A.M. 6.10 P.M. to 3.15 A.M. i 4.30 P.M. to 8.00 P.M. Sept. 2, . . Sept. 4, . Sept. 6, . . Sept. 11, . Sept. 13, . Sept. 17, Sept 19 J5.24 0.20' j 0.24 j 0.25 9.38 P.M. to 2.35 P.M. 5.55P.M. to 6.30P.M. 3.30 P.M. to 1.30A.M. 11.20 P.M. to 12 45 A M May 6, . May 7, . 0.04 0.04' 2.05 A M. to 4.00 A.M. Total, . 5.93 May 9, . . May 12, . May 13, . May 14, . May 16, . May 18, . . May 19, . . May Sol . . Total, . 0.07 jo.oe JO. 30 0.37' 0.62 0.15 ~T.65~ 5.10A.M. to 8.00A.M. i 2.55 A.M. to 1.15 A.M. 1.10 P M. to 12.30A.M. 1.00 A.M. to 9.15 P.M 5.45A.M. to 8.15 A.M 1.05 A.M. to 2.10AM. Oct. 3, . Oct. 11, . Oct. 12, . Oct. 19, . Oct. 22, . Oct 24, . Oct. 25, . Total, . 0.07 I 0.30 1.14 JO. 02 1.53 3.30A.M. tO 7.00A.M. 9.40 P.M. to 5.50A.M. 10.20 P.M. to 8.30 A.M. 9.30 P.M. to 1.30A.M. Rain and snow. Bnow. ' Thunder storm. 182 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 4. Rainfall in Inches at Chestnut Hill Reservoir in 1905 Concluded. DATE. i Duration DATE. 3 i Duration. Nov. 3, . Nov. 4, . (0.81 12.06 AM. to 7.00A.M. Dec. 2, . Dec. 3, . jl.23 9.30 P.M. to 3.15 P.M. Nov. 6, . Nov. 7, . 0.33 9.00 A.M. tO 4.00 A.M. Dec. 9, . Dec. 10, . { 1.12* 8.45 P.M. to 12.25 A M. Nov. 15, . Nov. 16, 0.08 7.00 P.M. to 1.45 A M. Dec. 21, . Dec. 23, . 1.05 0.19 4.30 A.M. to 2.30PM. 7.20 A.M. to 6.30 p M. Nov. 24, . Nov. 25, . 0.03 9.50 P.M. to 2.00 A.M. Dee. 29, . Jan. 1, '06, 0.65 0.03* 3.55 A.M. to 1.20PM. 2.50A.M. to 5.25AM. Nov. 28, . i 1 9fi 5.00 P.M. to Nov. 29, . j 1.26 9.45 P.M. Total, . 4.27 Total, . 2.51 Rain and enow. Total for the year, 40.84 inches. 2 Snow. 3 Thunder storm. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 183 H SS?SS.gS S55SSS?S33 i 5 11 eg 1 1 ^SSSgg2 g s I 1 3 1 1 I SS2!:-!:1SS !o g ^1 CO on, Jefferso 0} r->| 5 October. SE S 8 g S 3 S S 00 O 3 " 1 U I 2^5S 3 1 >"H 2 1 1 S OiJeoco J 5 observatl iceton, Je: 6 fc SSS82SSSS Z, o 3 ^ I 3 S w II 2 c H N 1 ^sgssss 3 g abulated a > Decembe 9 Is 2 & 1 L H 1 1 is:- 1 1 I I I 1 1 ! 1 EH < 184 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. S S OS No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 185 lit i i i i I I i i I s i i s i i s s I i til i 1 | | iji | iiiiiiiiili i i i i i S i i i S i it ~ co 7q- I I I I I I I I 1 1 I I s" i 5 g i i " g i ^" 03" ,-r I! 3 S i. I I S S II Hill TO. oo o co ei I I I I I i I I III ill i a tf I g II S S 11 o ** . I c I I ! ! ' _. t ^ I ^ 6 I i till ^ 1 . if II II II 1 s I! II -i 186 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. | | | | | | ||| 8S3SSS23S338S88 1 I g CO ~ S 8 S I I I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I " ~ S 1 g I i i i i i | i i i i. i i. So8SggSgo e 9 w It 5 ?S I I I I | I I S I I I ill I a 1 1 1 1 i g s s i i * l * * i | i | ill I I a g | 5 c ||l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 S i I i s S a s g s i'rf 2 i 1 1 1 i" 1 1 1 i i i s s" i i i i i i 1! n >> -a s ! a < ill tf U 11^ 1 e i o III II Iff s - - Hi & III 111 5 g S 1 1 1 *- > o O ^ O Hi i! No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 187 | | | | | | | | | | 5 5" gf S S" S S S 2 OC*i-'aOTl'i-*r-'*-*C 1 *COl- -<" eo" (N* ci SS S 8. s i i i i I I I I I I I I I I I III I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S S 5 S" a 1 I I I I I I i I i I eJ g J S II s !5l *I IS* cS ^ .2 2 S 5*1 o 1 I iii SB ISl Is"! 111 III O O III &i? Hi 1-sT. = 1 I 5 S 8 So* a ja s -o 2 US 5 I S3* Ifl #11 188 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. I % % % % % S S I H I s I iJ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ill I s -" ef ef i I I i i I i I i g i I I g I ~ 3 S I 3 I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S I. 3 1 ! s 7 * * S i t !- 5- s " " T 3 S s I | | S i 1 S S * I | i" I 1 1 ~ i i ! ! i 1 1 1 i i 1 I s | s s 5 s I s 1 1 i;. s e i it III 2 -o - III III S'.i -=!l IS! - 1 .5 iif c g c 3 u 3> Is* in m l^s !!! Ill Hi S I S 5 I i 1 1 I I I I i No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 189 ^-s li| s s 3 i s s s s * s III S88g||SgS|82 1 III NO>n(NOOOONOOr1 2 ' i I! aflsmimVS s 3 S i I s 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 | i | i 1" s" 5 s 5 1 i a" il 1 ^ * 1 I ' ' 1 i" i" i ' J?if ' s e 8 B s OJ^5 s ' ' 1 K 1 II O*l i 1 1 CO TS of Flow of 119. 00 square ml Quantity of Water wasted into River below Dam (Gallons per Day). | i I 1 1 i I i || S S K ft a 8 P S S 3 S r: S- 2- 5- 5- S S- S- 5- S- S- 2- 2,309,000 tern. Statisti [Watershed = Quantity of Water dis- charged through Wachusett Aqueduct (Gal- lons per Day). 1 1* 4 2" s s" g I" s 5" s " s 5" s i" S |" " s s s s s s" 1 B 1 1 OJ 6 a 1 1 S C i s> ft-- 1 *' ! I Illlllllllll l! i 190 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. 1 S20 l ill liifii i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 i I s i i 1 1 I g" a a * a -a Tl II 1 I co - o 1 1 g rf - i 1 s 1 eo" t-T t-T co" | | I i I I I I 1 i 2 I g g I s i i i 2 g s s s " - - a' s 1 i 1 i 1 1 i i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 s s i 1 1 s s = I | | I I | | I I I S8S2SS2?k233 r- X II i" 1 s" 1 1 1" 1 1 1 1" i * S 8 - rf 8 - S S ,1,111,11,1,1 CO C3O" >0 C1 O CO O 5 . % H ^ . ^i , , , .III S 2 3_ f-HCOO *T. 1 5 s" s* a" t^if 1 lfif.mfifff" 192 METROPOLITAN WATER TPub. Doc. 2 IS S 2 5 2 I 3 2 a "3 221222222^2 ss sssssss II" 1=1 IP I s I it? S o^ll " US" 5* o" O' " 5~ " T No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 193 i S B <" . il Hill CO H S III! -. *-. '-. <= 3 S" 2 S S" HI! s s s s I II, , 1 1 1 1 1 s 1 S S S S s s" s" s" s " s" S 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 i" I i" 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 a 8' a s s s s s s s s 4111 lit 194 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. ll 2 s - is il 31 III .. !. Diip3(j on 'jaatn -aoBldsid ja8an[j ;o sistjg; no 'IBOQ jo spanoj 001 spnnod-ioo^ u dijg Joj anq8n jo auiioaii joj uoiionpsQoa'iHoo jo spanoj ooi -od (jaaj) iJlia8tu3Ay i i i i i o- o- o o- o- o- o- o- cT 3 S S S S S 8 S S S ! S S i i S ; 8 S 8 g IS i - - 2- - akO S- 5 S- oo^>r* - - 2 8 8 8ni,B3H Joj uojwnpaQ on | (Koojopanojaad i p a d in n d Xjpuim?) S S s a s g pun ssqs y jo junoai (spanoj) pamns -noo JBOO jojnnocav slsslssll s - - s a 2 s s a ill S|| padtnnd jntiooiv lJOi I O J p3]3.U JOO o padtnnd janorav . aoj paioajaoo 5 'padmnd junoray -a |s a ' '2 SSSSSSSS 2S5 g 2 c c S No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 195 ear 1905. onpag ou 'juain -aovidsig uaSunu jo 8[8Bg no '|uoo jo spunoj 001 J3d . 1 1; 1; . I; 1 1 1; . | . S2S 22S 2 130,650,000 PH ( 'djis -" J jo spano" us* ' ^* ' ! e " (Bpanoj) .pacana -aos [coo jo janorav 8 S 22SS S 1 a s ^ ' s s a s ' s ' ! ^0 4 i 'psdiund janoto v J=Sg gSSS,^, s^^ ssss? e 1 } S ' 8 3 S 'SSSS ' ' ' 2 s -3 I ? | 1 1 C8 1 o i o a 8 I ^fca-^l^^^mOilQ 1 196 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. -HK) junorav (8UO[ -IBO nonim) -joo 'padrand janoray JBJOJ, JO SUjlBOH JOJ U0(l onpa(j oa 'mara jo sisBg ao <|of) jo Bpanoj 001 d epanod-iooj a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 dug aiiq ao S a 1 1 B a jj joj it 1 1 ill i i lit jo spunoj 001 J3d spanod-jooj uj Ana JOj uoiionpaa on 'I 8O O JO panoj aad padrand XIIIUBIIJ sjaqano pa eaqsy jo -uao jaj (spanoj) flja^aio >OB aoqg y jo mnotu y (spanoj) pawns QOO (BOO jo junoray llS J oj pajoajjoo padoind g 8 8 3 | S 5|1 o I ^ s. s. H s. 1 PSS S5SS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II No. 57.] AXD SEWERAGE BOARD. 197 -onpaQ on 'inacuaoB[d -Bid JaSnnjj jo sissg no '(BOf) JO spanoj OOI jad Bpanod-ioo.3 aj XJH dug aoj gniieajj aoj aojionpaci on ' BOO J spnnoj oot jad g -oil ani8aa ao 8niJB3H aoj nononp -3Q oa '|BOO jo panoj j a d padmnd .C;iiat;n^) (spunoj) pamnsnoo O jo jnnorav tl<>i (sno[ |D nojinw) padcnnd n no ray 98BJ3AY n 8 pad rand ^nnocuv 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I S S S S 1 S . n. 1 all SgS2$3;SSE2lg SSS g S S 2 S 2 12 COT cT 3|* t t 3 S" i S 1 S 1 1 i i | S 1 I 1 | 1 1 I s rf S | J (guoiiBonojiiiTC) o i ' p a d tn n d innooiy atnij, 8ajdtnn j (BIOJ, ^j l"W||*tl ""111! . I d U a 'O J pajoaj S i ' pa d ra n d iar JO3 lanouiv p a d tn n d jauouiv 9oi|x Saidai S 2 2 s 8 i s IE 3 S i - lllllll 1 1 .1 198 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc, Ee) (80011800011 iTO) padmnd ^nomy 980 (8UOHB0 nojiHK) dt|g JOJ P91D9J -joa'padtand jo 2ni}B9H 10} uojj -onp^Q oa 'jaatu jo sisng no [BOO jo spnnoj 001 Jd 8panod-ioo.j dt[8 jo spanoj 001 spunod-ioojj uj Ana (saonBf)) 8m -jqgll jo 8aiiB3H joj aoponpga: oa '|uof) jo panoj J9d psciiund Xijiuunj paB BO qs Y jo JQ noia (spanoj) pamns noo JBOQ jo }anocnv (saoiiBf) noHHW) due Joj [ pgdiunc acujx 8n|dmnd JBJOX I|I III! 5S 3 SSI 3 |i!i a's" I s ss l'l .. I ' 1 lilllilllifi" S S 2* 1 i S sWs'S S ililiililil ^i ill = , . 0000 , ,000.00 I o Sft2Si8f s ! K | llcll" No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 199 TABLE No. 19. Average Daily Consumption of Water during the Tear 1905, in the Cities and Towns supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works, includ- ing Boston, Somerville, Chelsea, Maiden, Everett, Quincy, Medford, Mel- rose, Severe, Waterlown, Arlington, Lexington, Milton, Stoneham, Winthrop, Swampscott, Selmont, Nahant and a Small Portion of Saugus. (For Con- sumption of Water in Whole Metropolitan Water District, see Table No. 23.) MONTH. Average Dally Consumption (Gallons). Estimated Population. Consumption per Inhabitant (Gallons). 127 669 000 895 600 143 137,491,000 896,770 153 March, 117 897 000 897 950 131 April 108 800 000 899 130 121 May, ..... 112 422 000 900 300 125 114 028,000 901 200 127 July 121 178 000 902 090 134 August, 117 826 000 902 980 131 116,790 000 903,870 129 October . . 114 831 000 904 760 127 113,431 000 905,650 125 December 119,593,000 906,540 132 For the year 118,398,000 902,090 131 TABLE No. ). Average Daily Consumption of Water, in Gallons, from the Low-service System in 1905. SOUTHERN Low SERVICE. NORTHERN Low SERVICE. MONTH. Boston, excluding East Boston and Charlestown. Portions of Charles- town, Somerville, Chelsea, Everett, Maiden, Medford, East Boston and Arlington. Total Low-service Consumption. 52 070 000 33,044,000 85,114,000 54 276 000 37 050 000 9 1 326 000 March 47 677 000 29 048,000 76,725 000 April 44,059,000 26,071,000 69,130,000 May ... 45 206 000 25 220 000 70 426,000 45 685,000 24 977,000 70,662,000 July, 47,229,000 27,784,000 75,013,000 28 119 000 74 585 000 46,001,000 27,896,000 73,897,000 October, 44 628 000 27 802 000 72,430,000 44 925 000 26 813 000 71 738 000 December 47,487,000 28,958,000 76,445,000 47 106 000 28 436,000 75,542,000 200 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 21. Average Daily Consumption of Water, in Gallons, from the High-service and Extra High-service Systems in 1905. SOUTHERN HIGH SERVICE. SOUTHERN EXTRA HIGH SERVICE. NORTHERN HIGH SERVICE. NORTHERN EXTRA HIGH SERVICE. MONTH. Quincy, Water, town, Belmont and Portions of Boston and Milton. Portions of Boston and Milton. Revere, Winthrop, Swampscott, Nahant, Stoneham, Melrose, and Portions of Boston, Chelsea, Everett, Maiden, Medford, Somerville and Saugua. Lexington and Portion of Arlington. January, 33,539,000 555,000 7,956,000 505,000 February, .... March 35,985,000 32 218 000 567,000 9,077,000 7 898 000 536,000 501 000 30,898,000 541,000 7 709,000 522,000 May 32,401,000 33,328 000 662,000 663 000 8,315,000 8 733 000 618,000 637 000 July 34,593,000 33 234 000 769,000 673 000 10,040,000 8 679 000 763,000 655 000 September October 33,470,000 33 629 000 655,000 677 000 8,146,000 7 508 000 622,000 587 000 November, .... 33,436,000 34,345,000 654,000 646000 7,062,000 7,633,000 541,000 524 000 For the year, . 33,409,000 636,000 8,226,000 585,000 No. 57.] i* it 5 i \\4 \\ m *t AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 4 iiiiiiiiiiiil us c t- o o o s 4 s s. 8 1 a 5 i i i i | i i i I ill Illlllllilll 1 1 1 ' i i g 1 S g 1 5 ef cf cT ef ef ssss ssssss 1 1 - 1 1 1 - - - - 000 oo> il llilSilll ! ! 1 1 ! ! S 1 ! ! o i I ! I S 8 8 III m 5SSSS S S IS 1 1 ! : . . i illi 201 202 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. J, >, g. 5 S *.* SgffSSSS I I I I 1 I I I I I I i g i i i i i IT 1 1 I I 1 1 1 I 1 I I I Issslililiis 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 III 8 S I f S 2 3f g 8 I g i i i i i i i i i ill 1 1 1 1 I ll: s i I I i I I I I I i I III i I i t i 1 1 t i i i i i I fiii^lllff* ISJLS-g^^&ISS No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 1 S a S- II I i I III II I III -* o c-j -t *ra Z S S $E R 1 1 1 1 1 I | | I | | | I 1 I I I I I i I 1 1 1 I i S S 1 i I S i I 3 I .2 5 S5 S S 3 5 3 I S I iiiiiiiiiiii 3 1 1 i S S" i 3 1 1 1 i -* ' 1 I c 1 I ! ' * - f . f 1 1 1 1 J i i | If a^a^^OK 204 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 23. Consumption of Water in the Metropolitan Water District, as constituted in the Tear 1905, the Town of Swampscott and a Small Section of the Town of Saugus, from 1893 to 1905. [Gallons per Day.] MONTH, 1893. 1894. 1 1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. January 75,209,000 7 1 900 000 67,506,000; 68,925,000 68,944,000] 80,375,000 62,710,000 69,543,000 57,715,000 62,909,000 60,676,000 65,194,000 63,329,000: 69,905,000 73,642,000| 69,667,000 67,995,000 72,233,000 67,137,000| 73,724,000 62,735,OOOJ 67,028,000 62,231,OOOJ 64,881,000 65,108,000 70,443,000 65,382,000 69,499,000 743,354 763,557 88.0 91.0 82,946,000 87,021,000 86,111,000 77,529,000 73,402,000 77,639,000 80,000,000 78,537,000 74,160,000 71,762,000 71,933.000 79,449,000 78,360,000 786,385 99.7 85,366,000 83,967,000 82,751,000 79,914,000 76,772,000 77,952,000 85,525,000 84,103,000 84,296,000 79,551,000 72,762,000 76,594,000 80,793,000 809,213 ~ 83,880,000; 96,442,000 87,475,000; 103,454,000 85,468,000 [ 90,200,000 76,574,0o' 86,491,000 76,677,000 89,448,000 83,463,000 97,691,000 88,228,000 96,821,000 87,558,000 92,072,000 88,296,000 91,478,000 81,770,000 89,580,000 78,177,000 86,719,000 86,355,000 85,840,000 83,651,000 92,111,000 832,042 854,870 100.6 107.8 March April, . 67,633,000 62,309,000 61,025,000 63,374,000 69,343,000 66,983,000 64,654,000 63 770 000 May June, Jnly, August, September October November December, .... Average for the year, . Population, .... Consumption per inhabitant, 61,204,000 66,700,000 66,165,000 723,153 91.5 MONTH. 19OO. 1901. 19O2. 1903. 1904. 1905. January, . 100,055,000 98,945,000 97,753,000 89,497,000 87,780,000 98,581,000 107,786,000 102,717,000 103,612,000 98,358,000 93,648,000 97,844,000 98,059,000 877,698 111.7 111,875,000 117,497,000 105,509,000 93,317,000 95,567,000 103,420,000 106,905,000 102,815,000 102,103,000 103,389,000 101,324,000 113,268,000 104,645,000 892,740 117.2 118,435,000 117,263,000 108,461,000 103,153,000 106,692,000 1 10,002,000 108,340,000 107,045,000 107,752,000 106,560,000 105,175,000 125,434,000 110,345,000 907,780 121.6 125,176,000! 137,771,000 122,728,000) 143,222,000 111,977,000; 123,334,000 107,179,000; 108,688,000 111,589,000 111,715,000 105,590,000 111,209,000 107,562,000' 113,584,000 103,570,000' 112,836,000 106,772,000' 114,183,000 103,602,000; 108,290,000 103,477,000 108,054,000 114,721,000; 125,119,000 110,277,000 118,114,000 922,820 937,860 119.5 125.9 130,878,000 140,595,000 120,879,000 111,898,000 115,804,000 117,441,000 124,769,000 121,158,000 120,103,000 118,301,000 116,693,000 122,696,000 121,671,000 953,556 127.6 February, March April May June July August, September, October November, December, Average for the year, Population Consumption per inhabitant, This table Includes the water consumed in the cities and towns enumerated in Table No. 19, together with the water consumed in Newton and Hyde Park, which are included in the Metropolitan Water District but have not been supplied from the Metropolitan Works. The populations for the years 1901 to 1904 have been revised since the census of 1905 became available, and consequently differ from those published in a corresponding table in the preceding annual report. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 205 h. I I I 1 I I i I I I I I ssssssssjss -papaadsug O O O 00 - ^ J 11! !.i It! 11! !!l jB 1 1 1 pu?8.nunij 2 - | if f 4 i f f I i f f I S > > S c > >>>>>> s s i 1 206 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. r- * CO i-H 00 CO t pamnsuoo uaS.fxQ S S S 8 S S 5 S X "WIN i 1 i i i i i i r ~IK I 1 i ! 1 I i | anjjoiqo & SS S S3 8 8 9 P -papaadsng . I i i i 1 I I 4 , 2 2 I S S S i! | oooooo ! % < IWL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S S $ MU I i 1 I i I 1 i 1* aopjaSj no sso 1 ^ S 3 : 0| 8Q || B ITOi S S S S 2 5 S c S OS 03 1 i ? 1 a llfiftj * s 3" * 3* 3 1 - * ^> ^> 5 g af-^ C5 1 1 a . 1 1 isi fe ta > fe Q O fc r o I i 1 1 III 1! g >. ^ S ? ( iO fc fa > > fe fa 1 eq & pw PS -paBiR lunui]^],] 3 oj pamjojsnBJX s s s a S 5 -pnpniBJainoK 5 5 S S S S 2 2 5 3 g i 1 1 1 i i i S5 > > CJ OD OQ O p 1Z ? ? -g, ^ T3 il > > > 5 > > ' a <> A. S <^ t ** 2S-3B " fc <1 H, < O Q VMA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ; No. 57.] AXD SEWERAGE BOAED. 207 MMqmH 50 * ^ W rH t patnnsuoo aaSixQ S 3 S 8 S S ! | TOK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 ' 55 ~w i I i i i i i i row s s n 8 s s s 8 Q - -papoadsng i I I I i 1 1 1 i 5 o P aA,OBB, a S 2 I 2 g S o o 5 <= o o o 5 l s 3 -rooi S S S S S S S S S S S 8 s " 8 1 I 8 8 8 1 I gi non;a8j no ssoq; g g g S 5 5 Bf g I 1** ,.,ox o 8 S S S <* t CO 05 * CO CO 2 4 a ii H r j f f j 1 1 ! ! ! I 1 ! ! ! II 1 o i lull 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 > > i > SS ! oTpir;: S S S 5 S S " I -pjrapniSMIMax S 2 S S 2 2 TABLE 1 i juaiuipag i i \t iii i 55 55 > 3 55 5 5 itjipiqani i 4 1 i i|i . !! ' ! P! I ~- -i i I 1 ! l I .,. 1 I I 1 i 1 1 $ 208 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. SBanpjBH pacunsaoo nsSX III S O IN oc CO I i I I I I I i i I I III 3 8 2 . g S S S g .j 'papaadsng oooSooo ooooojo paA|OS8t(I O 000000 pan -paojg tunujjBia: 01 panuoj8aij.il, if 41 i t. S gS '3 "3 ^ "- 1 "3 t, fa Q fa g n.** a 2 rg 2 f-il| I f 2 S Ilill No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 209 s Is ill t S I 1 I I 1 I I 1 1 I 1 1 I i i I I 1 I 1 I I I papaadeng | | IBIOX 93.1,3 i i i y.Mi il I i |i ____ Q* ^^ * * -_ J j _ S S S a a fWffJfiflti! ^ ^fl 1 ^ * ^ } * j j ^ ^f 1 ~f| ^|~||||-g|l I!!! it ^? S 3 S S > OCI C^^** 210 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. of Water from Vario [Parts per 100,000.] of E pDmnsaoQ papnad no 8801 I I I I I I 1 i I I 3288SSS8S8S85 ' eJ cJ 1 I ! I I . 1 1 1 1 1 I i i i I i i i i i i I llll S3S S2S5S JgggSSaHSES SSSS5SSE555 I I i - 1 ^ ' ' ' . | B S rf e . 1 . . p g - ^ co- g . i 1 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 ^-a-S" 5 s * i 1 i 1 1 i l poosi;cc -s^^-g^s-g.-g. S i ^ 1 1 i 1 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. 211 fe V I I U ges papnad I I I i I i i i I i llill ill i i I i i i I I I 1 I i I i si i5i- |i SSS5SSS32S 1 1 1 ^ 1 1 1 ,: t I I II I ! 11 I i 1 i 1 il 212 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 30. Chemical Examinations of Water from a Faucet in Boston, from 1892 to 1905. [Parts per 100,000.] YEAR. COLOR. RESIDUE ON EVAPORATION. AMMONIA. Chlorine. NITROGEN AS Oxygen Consumed. 1 ! OS - Nessler Standard. Platinum Standard. 1 ILoss on Ignition. 1 ALBUMINOID. j Nitrites. 1 I 1 it 1892, . . .37 37 4.70 1.67 .0007 .0168 .0138 i .0030 .41 .0210 .0001 _ 1.9 1893, . . .61 53 4.54 1.84 .0010 .0174 .0147 .0027 .38 .0143 .0001 .00 1.3 1894, . .69 58 4.64 1.83 .0006 .0169 .0150 ! .0010 .41 .0106 .0001 .63 1.7 1895, . . .72 50 4.90 2.02 .0006 .0197 .0175 .0022 .40 .0171 .0001 .69 0.7 1896, . .49 45 4.29 1.67 .0005 .0165 .0142 .0023 .37 .0155 .0001 .56 1.4 1897, . .05 55 4.82 1.84 .0009 .0193 .0177 .0016 .40 .0137 .0001 .64 1.6 1898, . . .41 40 4.19 1.60 .0008 .0152 .0136 .0016 .29 .0097 .0001 .44 1.4 1899, . .23 28 3.70 1.30 .0006 .0136 .0122 .0014 .24 .0187 .0001 .35 1.1 1900, . .24 20 3.80 1.20 .0012 .0157 .0139 .0018 .25 .0076 .0001 .38 1.3 1901, . .24 20 4.43 1.64 .0013 .0158 .0142 .0016 .30 .0173 .0001 .42 1.7 1902, . . .26 30 3.93 1.56 .0016 .0139 .0119 .0020 .29 .0092 .0000 .40 1.3 1903,. . .25 29 3.98 1.50 .0013 .0125 .0110 .0015 .30 .0142 .0001 .39 1.5 1904, . . .23 28 3;93 1.59 .0023 .0139 .0121 .0018 .34 .0110 .0001 .87 1.5 1905, . .24 20 3.89 1.67 .0020 .0148 .0126 .0022 .36 .0078 .0001 .30 1.4 Note relating to Chemical Examinations of Water, Tables Nos, 24-30. The chemical examinations contained in the tables were made by the State Board of Health. Colors have been determined by the Nessler standard, but the corresponding values by the platinum standard are also given, for the purpose of comparison with colors determined in the labora- tory of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, as given in subsequent tables. The odor recorded is taken in such a way that it is a much stronger odor than would be noticed in samples drawn directly from a tap or col- lected directly from a reservoir. The more important samples are collected and examined monthly ; those of less significance, at intervals of two or three months. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 213 TABLE No. 31. Colors of Water from Various Parts of the Metropolitan Water Works in 1905. (Means of Weekly Determinations.) [Platinum Standard.] MONTH. WACHCSETT RESERVOIR. SUDBURY RESERVOIR. FRAMINGHAM RESERVOIR No. 3. SPOT POND. FELLS RESERVOIR. j a CD Mid-depth. E I Worcester Street Bridge. i Surface. Mid-depth. H k ^ f Mid-depth. Mid-depth. Effluent Gate-house. January, . - - - - 26 32 41 39 35 28 23 21 21 25 23 24 28 24 34 26 29 34 27 20 19 IS 23 23 22 25 21 M 30 29 34 27 21 19 IS 23 23 22 25 20 26 31 29 34 27 22 20 18 24 22 24 55 34 71 88 36 50 24 22 106 26 A 48 22 24 29 31 27 82 20 24 24 23 21 21 21 25 24 23 20 18 16 17 17 18 18 20 21 22 22 21 21 17 15 15 15 16 15 18 April, May,' June, July, August, September, October, . November, December, 33 2S 23 21 20 M 23 23 34 2S 23 M 21 25 23 24 3,i 2S 24 23 24 26 24 24 43 45 49 47 66 40 47 59 25 20 TABLE No. 31 Concluded. [Platinum Standard.] LAKE COCHITUATB. CHESTNUT HILL RESERVOIR. NORTHERN SERVICE. SOUTHERN SERVICE. d*o jd * ** So - - MONTH. 1 id-depth. . ifluent Streams. llet (Sudbury Aqueduct; ilet (Cochttuat Aqueduct). ffluent Gate- house No. 2. 1 m ap at Hancoc Street, Fire Sti tion, Eve ret (High Service), ap at 244 Boylst< Street, B o s t o (Low Service). apatlAshburtc Place, Bos to (High Service), CO S a H EH EH EH | E-> January, 41 29 31 73 25 _ 27 27 21 25 28 February, 47 28 30 71 29 34 26 25 20 25 26 March, 38 29 31 75 36 40 39 37 25 37 37 April, . 36 36 36 84 32 35 32 28 22 30 32 May, . 33 32 34 100 33 32 29 29 21 31 31 June, . 29 36 108 34 25 31 31 21 31 31 July, . 23 28 40 96 32 22 30 31 17 26 29 August, 20 25 43 57 36 21 29 28 16 26 26 September, 23 28 102 59 25 23 27 26 17 23 27 October, 27 30 126 89 30 25 27 26 19 27 27 November, 28 47 88 37 28 35 37 18 28 33 December, 27 28 81 83 34 27 S3 34 18 29 31 Mean, . 31 29 49 82 32 - 30 30 20 28 30 1 The colors given in this column represent the combined colors of the waters of the four principal feeders. The color of each is determined monthly, and due weight is given, in combining the results, to the sizes of the streams. 214 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 32. Temperatures of Water from Various Parts of the Metropolitan Water Works in 1905. (Means of Weekly Determinations.) [The temperatures are taken at the same places and times as the samples for microscopical examination; the depth given for each reservoir is the depth from high water mark.] [Degrees Fahrenheit.] SUDBURY RESERVOIR FRAMINGHAM RESER- LAKE COCHITUATB WACHUSETT RESERVOIR. (DEPTH AT PLACE OF OBSERVATION VOIR No. 3 (DEPTH AT PLACE or OBSER- (DEPTH AT PLACE OF OBSERVATION 54.5 FEET;. VATIOII 20.5 FEET). 62.0 FEET). MONTH. a 3 II i 3 1 | | 2 | |l 1 2 a 1 1 o B 00 i M i S W DQ 1 i January, . 34.2 37.0 38.0 35.2 36.0 36.0 36.0 33.2 35.2 36.2 February, . _ _ 32.6 35.0 36.1 34.3 35.0 36.1 36.4 32.8 36.1 37.5 March, M - 33.6 34.9 36.0 35.3 35.5 36.2 36.9 34.9 37.2 37.8 April, . _, _ A, 42.8 42.3 42.3 44.9 45.1 45.1 45.1 42.3 43.5 i 42.3 May, . . 58.5 55.6 53.8 58.2 57.0 55.9 54.9 58.5 58.4 57.2 58.1 50.8 45.9 Jane, . 67.0 63.3 60.0 67.8 64.9 62.8 65.8 67.6 67.5 65.3 69.6 54.6 ! 47.5 July, . 77.3 69.4 65.2 76.0 71.8 69.3 75.8 77.7 76.9 76.6 74.8 53.6 48.0 August, 70.8 67.6 62.3 75.4 71.3 67.8 71.9 73.3 72.9 72.7 73.1 54.0 49.3 September, . 66.3 65.1 61.1 66.8 66.5 66.0 65.9 65.9 65.8 65.8 66.3 53.8 46.8 October, 58.7 55.6 50.8 57.8 58.4 58.3 57.4 56.8 57.0 57.1 58.9 54.9 ! 46.5 November, . 45.3 45.1 45.0 44.4 44.9 45.3 44.3 41.3 42.1 41.1 44.9 45.4 44.3 December, . 37.5 37.5 36.7 38.3 1_ 39.4 37.9 35.3 38.5 36.6 37.1 38.5 | 39.3 Mean, . - - - 52.3 51.9 51.4 52.0 52.3 52.5 52.2 52.2 46.5 43.5 TABLE No. 32 Concluded. [Degrees Fahrenheit.] CHESTNUT HILL RESERVOIR. SPOT POND (DEPTH AT PLACE OF OBSERVATION 28.0FBKT). NORTHERN SERVICE. SOUTHERN SERVICE. o-a JB MONTH. 4 f Glenwoo i, Medfor Service). 82? 8-e 5 S Jl H Sa 00 Ashburto Bosto Service) 1 m 13 3 a M i III p* ill 3 Sjl I s9 January, . 35.4 36.2 36.6 37.4 37.5 38.9 37.9 38.0 February, 35.4 36.8 37.6 38.5 36.4 36.0 38.0 37.8 March, . 37.1 37.0 37.8 I 38.5 36.9 38.6 38.4 38.9 April, 45.6 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 46.4 46.2 May, . 58.6 57.0 56.6 56.1 54.3 53.1 58.4 58.3 June, . 68.3 66.5 65.6 62.0 62.8 64.9 66.3 67.3 July, 75.0 74.6 73.0 64.3 70.9 71.5 71.2 74.5 August, . 72.4 72.7 72.4 67.6 68.8 71.3 72.4 73.0 September, 66.9 66.6 66.6 66.4 65.3 66.0" 67.0 67.3 October, . 58.8 58.1 58.0 58.1 59.1 59.0 62.0 60.9 November, 44.8 44.5 44.5 44.5 47.5 46.1 47.4 48.2 December, 37.5 36.0 36.3 36.5 40.9 39.0 41.9 42.2 Mean, 53.0 52.5 52.4 51.1 52.0 52.3 53.9 54.4 No. 57.] AXD SEWERAGE BOARD. 215 TABLE Xo. 33. Temperatures of the Air at Three Stations on the Metropolitan Water Works in 1905. [Degrees Fahrenheit.] MONTH. CHESTNUT HILL RESERVOIR. FRAMINQHAM. CLINTON. 1 i i 1 j i 1 Maximum. Minimum. 1 January 50.5 3.5 23.5 56.0 9.0 22.8 48.0 -6.0 20.6 February, . . . 45.0 71.5 77.0 85.0 92.0 95.5 92.0 2.0 9.0 27.0 32.5 38.5 50.0 46.0 21.2 35.7 47.9 56.8 64.8 73.2 68.4 54.0 09.0 78.0 83.0 90.0 93.0 88.0 8.0 5.0 24.0 29.0 35.0 50.0 41.0 20.7 34.1 48.2 57.8 63.9 71.0 66.8 42.5 69.0 77.0 81.0 89.0 90.0 85.5 -4.5 7.0 26.0 32.0 37.5 50.0 41.5 17.9 32.4 45.4 56.7 64.2 71.1 65.9 April Mav July August, .... September, 82.0 33.0 61.9 80.0 30.0 59.4 77.0 34.5 59.8 October 80.0 25.0 52.5 79.0 20.0 50.4 81.5 20.0 50.4 November, . . 65.0 12.0 40.2 66.0 10.0 36.9 61.0 11.5 37.4 December, Average, . 60.0 9.0 33.0 58.0 2.0 30.9 58.0 2.5 29.9 - - 48.3 - - 46.8 - - 46.0 216 METROPOLITAN [Pub. Doc. 1 |Hir |- |8I 1 i ^ o S | S WIIIIIIII 1 00 ES 3 . |.iy ' ' 'f*' 1 * 2 g g ,,,,, g g , I s 2 5 ^* S , * S ^5 S ~ ~ ' a 1 H S rt i (8 g a ' | g ? s 5 M s 1 I S 00 CO CO CO O CO CO S* B* 1 X 1 = e rt s 1 s ! ~ s ~ 1 M 2 J2 H S 88"' ' ' ' ' '88" S I 8 % 1 || ^ < 1- r."V' T* Q ^ M 1< i 1 " !'" *** ^fei ^ g ?'OQ g 1 ' o g i ioi i g j g 1 5 3 i " i " a ^ 2 S ' S - - ' - oT oT 1 1 1 I " S I I I I I 1 f . I . ^ Total length owned and operated Junuarj Gate valves in same, .... Air valves in same, .... Length laid or relnld during 1905 (feet), Gate valves in same, .... Air valves in snme, .... Length abandoned during 1905 (feet), Gate valves In same, .... Air valvoH in Bnme Length owned and operated Jnnunry 1, 1 Gate valves in snme Air valves In same of C 1 1 T 8 6 K 3 Total length in use January 1, 1906 (feet Total valves in use January 1, 1906, . No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 217 I J S 8 SSSSSSSfeSSSSSSS 8 S3S89SS38S3S35S3** s s s s" i s s" a rf a" s s * | 2 |1 " lliillslsilll |||g||si5ss|s |I s ffT c5 o S S w j S S g ii|i||ii| ^SS^"" 01 S |5 II!- 5 S3 1 1 1 ] I 1 |l s S" s _ II 5 i a i iliIflliiiSiiilliM 1 218 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. TABLE No. 37. Number of Service Pipes, Meters and Fire Hydrants in the Several Cities and Towns supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works. ClTT OB TOWN. Services. Meters. Fire Hydrants. Boston, 91,300 Somerville, 11,279 Maiden 6,829 Chelsea, 6,423 Everett 4,999 Quincy, 5,641 Medford 4,216 Melrose, 3,354 Revere 2,700 Watertown 1,802 Arlington, 1,894 Milton 1,160 Winthrop, 1,908 Stoneham 1,275 Beltnont, 710 Lexington 685 Nahant 400 Swampscott, 1,219 Total "~ 4,963 2,092 5,332 634 92 194 1,687 419 1,160 710 15 72 17^976 7,992 1,001 405 306 506 120 110 160 102 67 126 13,492 >. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 219 uvjiiodoww 9yj uo suoi ^ m 's?y6i,9]j fijyjuojy WATERTOWN ATER WORK OFFICE, MAIN STREET. METRO- WATE FFICE, URTON CE. WORKS 1 ASH WATER WO OFFICE, PA STREET. MEDFORD WATER WORKS OFFICE, IHSH STREET. MYSTI SERV . GINE HOU HARVARD STREET. ENGINE HOUSE, BULFINCH 8TBBET. S 3 1 S S S SSS 220 METROPOLITAN WATER tl zz m KSD PB :! m m ip- [Pub. J. Doc. ill, 65 ll t'^r^-oo -oc-iocri.- S8SS88S8888 i 3 I tnnmpnK ill slllllllllls 1 1 i 1 i i s 1 1 i I No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 221 APPENDIX No. 4. WATER WORKS STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1905. The Metropolitan Water Works supply the Metropolitan Water District, which includes the following cities and towns : CITY OR TOWN. Population, Census of 1905. CITY OB TOWN. Population, Census of 1905. 595,380 Watertown 11,258 69 272 9 668 Maiden 38,037 Milton, ... 7 054 Chelsea, 37,289 Winthrop, 7034 Newton, 1 36,827 6332 29,111 4,530 28076 Belmont 4 360 Medford, 19,686 922 Hyde Park,' Melrose Revere 14,510 14,295 12,659 Total population of Metropoli- tan Water District. Swampacott, 2 Saugus.s 946,300 5,141 200 1 No water supplied to these places during the year from Metropolitan Water Works. 2 Not in the Metropolitan Water District, but has been supplied with water from the Metropolitan Water Works. 3 Only a small portion of Saugus is supplied with water. Sources of Supply. SOURCE. Area of Watershed (Square Miles). Remarks. Lake Cochituate Sudbury River Nashua River (South Branch), . 18.87 75.20 118.31 Works built by city of Boston in 1848. Works built by city of Boston in 1872-78. Works begun in 1895; not finished. Mode of Supply. 25 per cent, from gravity. 75 per cent, from pumping. 222 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Pumping. Chestnut Hill High-service Station : Builders of pumping machinery, Holly Manufacturing Company, Quintard Iron Works and E. P. Allis Company. Description of coal used : Bituminous : Quemahoning, Priscilla and Georges Creek Cumberland; anthracite: buckwheat and screenings. Price per gross ton in bins: bituminous $4.12 to $5.28, buckwheat $3.02 to $3.58, screenings $2.52. Average price per gross ton $ 3.93. Per cent, ashes, 11.5. Chestnut Hill Low-service Station : Builders of pumping machinery, Holly Manufacturing Company. Description of coal used : Bituminous : Quemahoning and Georges Creek Cum- berland ; anthracite : buckwheat. Price per gross ton in bins : bituminous $3.98 to $4.37, buckwheat $2.78 to $3.26. Average price per gross ton $3.78. Percent, ashes, 12.3. Spot Pond Station : Builders of pumping machineiy, Geo. F. Blake Manufacturing Company and Holly Manufacturing Company. Description of coal used : Bituminous : Quemahoning ; anthracite : buckwheat and screenings. Price per gross ton in bins : bituminous $4.38, buckwheat $3.75, screenings $2.24. Average price per gross ton $3.61. Per cent, ashes, 12.1. CHESTNUT HILL HIGH-SERVICE STATION. "$" 1 and 2. Engine No. 3. Engine No. 4. 16,000,000 1,985,452 $9,311.51 20,000,000 424,881 $2,090.02 30,000,000 8,505,184 $26,766.67 Cost of pumping, figured on pumping station expenses, Total pumpage for year, corrected for slip (million gallons), 1,381.48 481.82 10,564.86 Average dynamic head (feet) 120.87 128.01 130.39 Gallons pumped per pound of coal 695.80 76,310,000 $6.740 1,134.01 130,650,000 $4.338 1,242.17 139,070,000 $2.534 Cost per million~gallonB raised to reservoir, Cost per million gallons raised one foot 0.056 0.034 0.019 No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. CHESTNUT HILL LOW-SEKVICB STATION. SPOT POND STATION. Engines NOB. 5, 6 and 7. Engine No. 8. Engine No. 9. Daily pumping capacity (gallons), 105,000,000 8,215,258 $31,850.16 20,104.86 50.81 2,447.26 106,730,000 $1.584 0.031 10,000,000 190,381 $1,217.28 189.55 119.05 995.64 100,770,000 $6.422 0.054 20,000,000 2,374,510 $10,656.01 2,818.20 129.52 1,186.86 132,060,000 $3.781 0.029 Cost of pumping, figured on pumping station expenses, Total pumpage for year, corrected for slip (million gallons). Duty on basis of plunger displacement, Cost per million gallons raised to reservoir, . Coat per million gallons raised one foot, Consumption. Estimated total population of the nineteen cities and towns sup- plied wholly or partially during the year 1905, .... 902,090 Total consumption, gallons, 43,215,210,000 Average daily consumption, gallons, 118,398,000 Gallons per day to each inhabitant, 131.2 Distribution. Owned and operated by Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board. Total in District supplied by Metropolitan Water Works. _! _2 60 to 6 inch. 60 to 4 inch Extensions less length abandoned, mites, ...... 41 83 80 13.14 1 520 95 4 360 1 933 147 794 Meters added, Meters now in use - 2,730 17,976 203 13 492 Cast-iron and cement-lined wrought iron. - Cast-iron, cement-lined wrought iron and kalamine. 224 METEOPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. APPENDIX No. 5. SPECIAL REGULATIONS OP THE METROPOLITAN WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD RELATING TO BOATING AND FISHING IN THE WATERS OF LAKE COCHITCATE. Under and in pursuance of Rule 14 of the rules made by the State Board of Health on January 1, 1899, for the sanitary protection of waters used by the Metropolitan Water Board for the water supply of cities and towns in the Metropolitan Water District, and also under and in pursuance of the general powers and authority given to the Metropolitan Water and Sewer- age Board, the following special regulations relative to boating and fishing in the waters of Lake Cochituate were made on August 9, 1905, and De- cember 6, 1905 : I. Special Regulation No. 1, adopted by the Metropolitan Water Board on June 30, 1899, under and in pursuance of Rule 14 of the rules made by the State Board of Health on June 1, 1899, for the sanitary protection of waters used by the Metro- politan Water Board, and under and in pursuance of the general powers and authority given to the Metropolitan Water Board, which special regulation was readopted by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board on May 10, 1901, is hereby rescinded, so far as it applies to fishing and boating in the waters of Lake Cochituate, after December 31, 1905, and the permission therein given shall^ beginning with January 1, 1906, and until further order, be to fish and boat only in or upon the waters of Farm Pond and Whitehall Reservoir, subject to the limi- tations and conditions in said regulations contained. II. No permission is given after December 31, 1905, to fish or boat in the waters of that portion of Lake Cochituate, which is situated northerly of the county I'oad known as Lake Avenue. III. Permission is given during the season beginning with April 1 and ending with September 20, until further order, to fish from the highway and in boats which have been duly registered and numbered in accordance with the require- ments of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, in that portion of the waters of Lake Cochituate which is situated southerly of the county road known as Lake Avenue ; and permission is also given to enter from the highway and fish through the ice in said portion of the waters of Lake Cochituate, subject in both cases to the following limitations and conditions : (a) No fish, food or other matter tending to pollute the water shall be thrown into the water or left upon the shores. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 225 (6) No tin cans or bait boxes shall be thrown into the water or left upon the shores. (c) No person shall build any fire upon the shores or other land belonging to the Commonwealth or upon the ice of the lake. (d) Care shall be taken not to disturb the gravel or stone protection around the (e) In case fishing is carried on through the ice, no person shall throw or leave upon the ice any fish, bait, food or other matter tending to pollute the water. (/) No permission is given to fish from the shores at places other than the highway. IV. Permission is given, in the year 1906 and until further order, during the season beginning with April 1 and ending with September 20, to boat in and upon that portion of the waters of Lake Cochituate which is situated southerly from the county road in Natick known as Lake Avenue, in boats which have been duly registered and numbered in accordance with the requirements of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board ; but such permission shall apply only when one of the occupants of the boat is duly licensed by the said Board to use and operate a boat upon said lake. Such permission is subject to the limitations and conditions set forth in the rules for registi'ation and licensing adopted by said Board. 226 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. APPENDIX N o. 6. CONTRACTS MADE AND PENDING DURING THE YEAR 1905 SEWERAGE WORKS. Contracts relating to the South Metropolitan System, 1. Num- ber of Con- tract. 2. WORK. 3. Num- ber of Bids. AMOUNT OP BID. 6. Contractor. 4. Next to Low- eat. 5. Lowest. 16 Section 77, High-level Sewer, Roxbury, pump- ing plant for Ward Street pumping station. 3 $207,000 00 $204,000 00 Allis-Chalmers Co., Mil- waukee, Wis. 7. Date of Contract. 8. Date of Completion of Work. 9. Prices of Principal Items of Contracts made in 1905. 10. Value of Work done Decem- ber 31, 1905. Jan. 17, '02, - - $153,000 00 Xo. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 227 APTEXDIX No. 7. COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT. SUFFOLK, ss IN EQUITY. HENRY H. SPRAGUE, HENRY P. WALCOTT AND JAMES A. BAILEY, JR., METROPOLITAN WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD, Petitioners. [In re THE SOUTH METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE SYSTEM, St. 1899, c. 424.} REPORT AND AWARD. The Commissioners appointed in the above case, after due notice, met the attorneys, solicitors and representatives of the several cities and towns named in the petition, and fully heard such evidence and arguments as were offered and made in behalf of each city and town, and now, after careful consideration of the same, award, determine and report to the Court as follows : The petition is a petition for the appointment of commissioners under the provisions of section 16 of chapter 424 of the Acts of the year 1899, being entitled "An Act to provide for the construction of a high-level gravity sewer for the relief of the Charles and Neponset River valleys," to determine the proportion in which each of the cities and towns compris- ing said system shall annually pay money into the treasury of the Com- monwealth for the term of five years, to meet the interest and sinking fund requirements for each of said years as estimated by the Treasurer, and to meet the cost of maintenance and operation of said system for each of said years as estimated by the said Board and certified to said Treasurer, and any deficiency in the amount previously paid in, as found by said Treasurer. There have been four Boards of Commissioners previously appointed by this Court to determine the proportion in which the several cities and towns should bear the costs of construction, maintenance and operation of the 228 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Metropolitan sewers, under statutes substantially similar to the act in question. The first Board was appointed in May, 1891, and made its report in November, 1891, in which the Commissioners say: We have come to the conclusion that there is, upon the whole, no method more just and equitable than to apportion the payments on account of the interest and sinking fund requirements of the loan which represents the first cost of the sys- tems with primary reference to the total taxable valuations of the several cities and towns ; and the payments on account of the cost of maintenance and opera- tion with primary reference to their respective populations. The second Board was appointed in October, 1895, and made its report in October, 1896, adopting the same basis for the apportionment, and say: We have been unable to find, upon the whole, any better measure of the ability and duty to contribute to the cost of public works of this character than the taxable valuations of the several cities and towns which compose the districts for whose common welfare these systems were created, or any better measures of the use enjoyed and the benefits received by the several municipalities than the number of persons who dwell within their respective limits. The third Board was appointed in March, 1900, being the first appor- tionment made for the South Metropolitan System, and in the report the Commissioners say : There does not seem, on the whole, to be any fairer method of assessing the cost of construction of great public undertakings of this kind than that of assess- ing such cost on the various cities and towns according to their taxable valuation. On the other hand, it is undoubtedly true that after construction the use made of the sewerage system by each city and town depends upon the number of inhabit- ants in such city or town; and, as the cost of maintenance and operation is directly proportional to the amount of sewage discharged, i.e., the use made of the system, it would seem that the basis o-f population would be a just and equitable method of assessing such expense. The fourth Board was appointed in May, 1901, for the North Metro- politan System, and made its report, in which the Commissioners say : We have been urged by the representatives of several municipalities to adopt a different method of distribution than that followed by the Commissioners who have previously made the apportionment ; but the weight of opinion expressed at the hearings was very clearly in favor of continuing the methods hitherto adopted, No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOAED. 229 and in our judgment, particularly in view of precedent, the weight of argument demands such course. We are satisfied that the plan adopted accomplishes sub- stantial justice in the distribution of the burden in accordance with the benefits received. All of these reports were accepted by the Court, and the basis of ap- portionment approved. While we do not feel bound absolutely by the rule or basis of apportion- ment thus adopted, and should feel at liberty to correct any errors which the practical working of the rule might seem to us to require, or to deal with any new condition of things arising since the other apportionments were made, still, we cannot but feel that a rule thus adopted by four different Boards after full hearing and trial, and approved and sanctioned by this Court and acted on by all and acquiesced in by at least a very large majority of the municipalities affected for so many years, ought not to be departed from except for the strongest reasons. In the apportionment of the payments of the money needed to meet the requirements of the statute in question among the municipalities named in the act, it is manifest that any rule or basis adopted must be general in its application, to avoid any question of favoritism to any particular locality arising under it; and must be made, too, so far as possible, with due regard to the rules and the general system or methods of taxation adopted and sanctioned by the laws of the Commonwealth. At the hearings before us the towns of Brookline and Milton both ob- jected to an apportionment based on the assessed valuation of the towns for the construction of the sewer, but made no objection to the basis of popu- lation for the cost of its maintenance and operation. Both of these towns are wealthy, residential towns, and the assessed valuation of each is large in proportion to its area and population, very much larger than that of any other city or town in the District ; and it was urged upon us with a good deal of zeal and earnestness that, because of this large valuation, any apportionment made on the basis of it would work injustice and be inequi- table and unjust to these towns. We have examined the claims thus made, aud we have examined also much of the evidence, arguments and suggestions made to the Commis- sioners who made the awards above referred to ; but we are unable to find that the claims made in behalf of these towns are well founded, or that either town has any just cause of complaint. On the contrary, we are clearly of the opinion that the basis of assessed valuation for the cost of construction and population as a basis for the cost of maintenance and operation, while open, of course, to some criticisms, approximates more nearly to a just and equitable apportionment than any other basis or method 230 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. suggested or which has occurred to us. The rule is simple, plain and practicable, easily understood and easily applied, and accords most nearly with our established principles of taxation ; and we accordingly adopt this rule in making the apportionment. The valuations set forth in the tables are published in chapter 178 of the Acts of 1904, and involve real and personal estate, bank stock and ship- ping, and are the valuations used in assessing the State tax. For all of the contributing municipalities except Boston and Dedham the whole valua- tion of the city or town has been used. In Boston the South Metropolitan District embraces all of the Brighton District and parts of the Back Bay, Roxbury, "West Roxbury and Dorchester districts. In the town of Dedham a small area of the southerly corner adjacent to the Neponset River is excluded. The valuation of the parts of Boston included in the district and of the parts of Dedham not excluded were compiled by or under the direction of the Chief Engineer of the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage Board, and were assumed by all parties to be correct. In the table of population the census determinations of 1900 are taken for all the cities and towns except Boston, and for those of Boston included in the District they are compiled from official sources under the direction of the Chief Engineer, and are correct. The counsel for the town of "Watertown asked us to exclude one hundred and five acres in the northwesterly and northerly part of the town, with a valuation of $219,750 and a population of 333, from the valuation and population in making the apportionment, on the ground that this area cannot be drained into the South Metropolitan System without great ex- pense, and on the further ground that the town has applied to the Legisla- ture for the admission of that part of the town into the North System ; but, as the territory in question still lies in and forms a part of the South Dis- trict, we have not excluded it. No other city or town made any objection or suggested any change in the method of apportionment, although each city and town was represented before us by counsel at nearly all of the hearings held. 1. Interest and Sinking Fund Requirements. "We therefore deter- mine and award that the several cities and towns in the South Metropolitan District shall annually pay money into the treasury of the Commonwealth for the term of five years, 1905 to 1909, both inclusive, to meet the inter- est and sinking fund requirements for each of said years, as estimated by said Treasurer, of the Metropolitan Sewerage Loan authorized and issued for the construction of said South Metropolitan System, including the in- terest and sinking fund requirements of the former Charles River valley and Neponset valley systems, so called, and any deficiency in the amount Xo. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 231 previously paid in, as found by said Treasurer, in the proportions in the right-hand column of the following table : Table showing the Proportions in which the Several Cities and Towns in the South Metropolitan System shall pay Money to meet the Interest and Sinking Fund Requirements under St. 1899, c. 424. CITY OB TOWN. Valuation. Proportion (PerCent). Waltham $23,297,415 12 921 271 4.95 2 74 71 356,289 15 16 f Brighton District $34,744,400 37 160 800 Boston { Roxbury District, 38,470,750 | West Roxbury District (. Dorchester District Total for Boston 35,322,200 42,529,800 188,227,950 102,306 308 39.98 21.73 Dedham 10,965,988 2.33 Milton 25,435,822 23 894,528 5.40 5.07 Total ' . $470,820,902 100.00 2. Cost of Maintenance and Operation. "We determine and award that the several cities and towns in the South Metropolitan System shall annually pay money into the treasury of the Commonwealth for the term of five years, 1905 to 1909, both inclusive, to meet the cost of maintenance and operation of said systems for each of said years, as estimated by the Metropolitan "Water and Sewerage Board and certified to said Treasurer, and any deficiency in the amount previously paid in, as found by said Treasurer, in the proportion shown in the following table : 232 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. Table showing .the Proportions in which the Cities and Towns in the South Metro- politan System shall annually pay Money to meet the Cost of Maintenance and Operation of Said System under St. 1899, c. 424. CITY OB TOWN. Population. 1900. Proportion (PerCent.). 19,279 17,534 27,760 23,603 31,745 23,481 9,706 33,587 119,921 19,935 7,457 13,244 6,578 23,899 257,808 9.11 3.76 13.03 46.52 7.73 2.89 5.14 2.55 9.27 100.00 1 Back Bay District, | Went Roxbury District Dedham Hyde Park Milton Total . ... PATRICK H. COONEY, OSCAR A. MARDEN, NATHANIEL N. JONES, Apportionment Commissioners. BOSTON, June 9, 1905. No. 57.] AND SEWERAGE BOARD. 233 APPENDIX No. LEGISLATION OF THE YEAR .1905 AFFECTING THE METROPOLITAN WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD. ACTS OP 1905. [CHAPTER 211.] AN ACT TO ESTABLISH A NEW FISCAL YEAR FOR THE COMMONWEALTH. Be it enacted, etc., as follows: SECTION 1. The fiscal year of all offices, departments, The fiscal year boards, commissions, hospitals, asylums, charitable, penal and monwea^th to reformatory institutions of the Commonwealth shall begin with befT, etc? 6 the first day of December and end with the following thirtieth day of November, and all books and accounts therein shall be kept by fiscal years as herein established, and the annual re- ports of all officers, trustees, boards and commissions, except the report of the insurance commissioner and except those reports otherwise provided for in this act, shall be made to the governor and council, or to the general court, as now required by law, except that they shall be made on or before the third Wednesday in January, anything in any general or special statute now existing to the contrary notwithstanding. Such reports shall be deposited with the secretary of the Common- wealth, who shall transmit them to the governor and council or to the general court. The financial statements now required by law to be included therein shall be made for the fiscal year as herein established. The annual meetings of trustees of state institutions and of state boards, at which financial statements are required by law to be presented, shall be held in the month of December in each year. SECTION 14. This act shall take effect on the thirty-first day of December in the year nineteen hundred and five. [Approved March 23, 1905. 234 METROPOLITAN WATER [Pub. Doc. [CHAPTER 214.] AN ACT MAKING AN APPROPRIATION FOR OPERATING THE SOUTH METROPOLITAN SYSTEM OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL. Be it enacted, etc., as follows : SECTION 1 . A sum not exceeding one hundred and f orty- disp e o!ai! e four tnousand nin e hundred and twenty dollars is hereby appro- priated, to be paid out of the South Metropolitan System Main- tenance Fund, for the cost of maintenance and operation of the south metropolitan system of sewage disposal, comprising a part of Boston, the cities of Newton, Quincy and Waltham, and the towns of Brookline, Watertown, Dedham, Hyde Park and Milton, during the year ending on the thirty-first day of December, nineteen hundred and five. SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon its passage [Approved March 24, 1905. [CHAPTER 215.] AN ACT MAKING AN APPROPRIATION FOR OPERATING THE NORTH METROPOLITAN SYSTEM OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL. Be it enacted) etc., as follows : SECTION 1. A sum not exceeding one hundred and twenty- seven thousand dollars is hereby appropriated, to be paid out of the North Metropolitan System Maintenance Fund for the maintenance and operation of the system of sewage disposal for the cities and towns included in what is known as the north metropolitan system, during the year ending on the thirty-first day of December, nineteen hundred and five. SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon its passage. [Approved March 24, 1905. [CHAPTER 457.] AN ACT RELATIVE TO ASSESSMENTS UPON CITIES AND TOWNS IN THE METROPOLITAN WATER, SEWERAGE AND PARK DISTRICTS. Be it enacted, etc., as follows: Assessments SECTION 1. In case any apportionment for assessment upon th?Mfe^pou tne cities and towns of either the metropolitan water, sewerage eewCTage and or P ark Districts sna11 not nave been finall y determined by July park districts. g rs t o f any year, the last apportionment thereof shall remain in No. 57.] AXD SEWERAGE BOARD. 235 force for. the purpose of assessment during such current year. Any difference between such apportionment when finally made by the commission, for such year, and the preexisting appor- tionment above referred to, shall be adjusted with such city or town by the treasurer and receiver general in the assessment of the succeeding year by a deduction therefrom or an addition thereto, as may be required to give effect to the said apportion- ment when made as aforesaid. SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon its passage. [Ap2)roved May 25, 1905. [CHAPTER 466.] AN ACT TO AUTHORIZE THE BOSTON ELEVATED RAILWAY COMPANY TO CONSTRUCT A SUBWAY OR SUBWAYS IN THE CITY OF CAM- BRIDGE. Be it enacted, etc., as follows : SECTION 10. Upon the written request of the company, the Pipes, etc. city shall order the temporary or permanent removal or reloca- removed, tion of any surface tracks, conduits, pipes, wires, poles, or other property of the Commonwealth, or of any person or cor- poration except the city or the company, which the company deems to interfere with the construction or operation of the subway or subways, and the city shall grant new locations for any such structures previously having locations. Such order, to the extent specified therein, shall be deemed a revocation of the right or license to maintain such surface tracks, conduits, wires, pipes, poles or other property, and the owner of any such structures in public ways or lands shall comply with such order without expense to the company. If such owner shall fail to comply with such order within a reasonable time to be fixed therein, the company may remove such surface tracks, conduits, pipes, wires, poles or other property, and may relocate and reconstruct the same, and the cost of such removal, relocation and reconstruction shall be repaid to the company by the owner. No such discontinuance, removal or relocation shall entitle the owner of the property thus affected to any damages on account thereof. The removal and relocation of any property of the Commonwealth shall be subject to the approval of the board having charge thereof, and at the expense of the company. Any gas or electric lighting company may shut off the gas or 236 WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD. [P. D. No. 57. current from any pipes or wires affected byfany action done hereunder, when and so far as may be necessary to avoid the escape or explosion of gas, or to avoid other public danger. Temporary locations shall be granted on request of the com- pany, for any surface tracks owned or operated by it ; and, as soon as the state of the work permits the same may be re- stored to the original locations as nearly as may be. [Approved May 26, 1905. [CHAPTEK 55.] RESOLVE IN FAVOR OF MICHAEL MORGAN. Resolved, That there be allowed and paid out of the Metro- politan Water Maintenance Fund the sum of six hundred and fifty dollars to Michael Morgan of Natick, an employee of the metropolitan water and sewerage board, on account of the death of his daughter, Mary Morgan, ten years of age, who was drowned on the twenty-seventh day of July in the year nineteen hundred and three, by falling into the Sudbury aqueduct of the metropolitan water works in the town of Natick through a trap door which was negligently left open by employees of the Com- monwealth. [Approved April 21, 1905. INDEX TO LEGISLATION or THE YEAE 1905 AFFECTING THE METROPOLITAN WATER AND SEWERAGE BOARD. A. APPROPRIATIONS. Chap. Sect. North Metropolitan System of Sewage Disposal, for maintenance of, . . 215 1 South Metropolitan System of Sewage Disposal, for maintenance of, . . 214 1 ASSESSMENTS. apportionment of, not determined by July 1, relative to, 457 1 B. BOSTON ELEVATED RAILWAY. may remove pipes, etc., in construction of subway in Cambridge, . . . 460 10 C. CITIES AND TOWNS. apportionment of assessments not determined July 1, relative to, . . 457 1 M. METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. assessment on cities and towns in, relative to 457 1 METROPOLITAN WATER MAINTENANCE FUND. payment from, to Michael Morgan Resolves, 55 MORGAN, MICHAEL. payment to, in re death of his daughter, . . . . Resolves, 55 N. NORTH METROPOLITAN SYSTEM OP SEWAGE DISPOSAL. appropriation for operation, etc., of, 215 1 P. PIPES. removal, etc., of, in construction of subway in Cambridge 466 10 S. SOUTH METROPOLITAN SYSTEM OP SEWAGE DISPOSAL. appropriation for operation, etc., of 214 1 SUBWAY IN CAMBRIDGE. pipes, etc., of Commonwealth, may be removed in construction of, . . . 466 10 ARTHUR D.BuiBY.C.E, University of California SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which it was borrowed. QL OCTO >1992 UNlViilCSITV of CAL1KORN1A AT LOS ANGELES LIBRA RY ARTHUR D- ** "