THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 I
 
 1830. 
 
 j4-^^sv° L ^-' < ^- 
 
 H. U. 
 
 MEMOIRS. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 
 Press of Rockwell and Churchill, 39 Arch Street. 
 
 1886. 

 
 214-1 
 
 \iho 
 
 Survivors of the Class of 1830, H. U., appointed the 
 undersigned a committee to cause memoirs of classmates 
 passed away to be prepared and printed for private dis- 
 tribution. 
 
 They desire to express their thanks to the writers of 
 the following memoirs, kindly contributed. 
 
 JOHN O. SARGENT, 
 JAMES DANA, 
 THOMAS C. AMORY. 
 
 May, 18S6. 
 
 550216
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Andrews, William 6 
 
 Andrews, Benjamin Halsey 22 
 
 Babcock, Samuel Brazer 73 
 
 Benjamin, James 32 
 
 Browne, John White 45 
 
 Bryant, John 19 
 
 Carter, Henry Wadsworth 83 
 
 Coffin, Henry Rice 91 
 
 Eaton, Levi Curtis 30 
 
 Emery, Samuel Moody 121 
 
 Eustis, William 13 
 
 Eustis, Horatio Sprague 41 
 
 Foster, George James 86 
 
 Frost, Barzillai 39 
 
 Hooper, Robert William 143 
 
 Hopkinson, Thomas 36 
 
 Jenks, Richard Pulling 71 
 
 Jewett, Isaac Appleton 28 
 
 Kerr, John Bozman 89 
 
 Lincoln, Henry 42 
 
 Lyman, Joseph 68 
 
 McBurney, Samuel 24
 
 INDEX 
 
 Odin, John 
 
 Patterson, Albert Clarke 
 
 Penniman, William . 
 
 Pickering, John 
 
 Pitts, Samuel 
 
 Potter, Elisha Reynolds 
 
 Sargent, Henry Winthrop 
 
 Sawyer, Franklin 
 
 Snow, Theodore William 
 
 Stuart, Charles 
 
 Sumner, Charles 
 
 Walker, Henry Augustus 
 
 Warren, George Washington 
 
 Welles, Benjamin Pratt . 
 
 Williams, Joseph Barney 
 
 Worcester, Samuel Thomas 
 
 63 
 75 
 5 
 94 
 65 
 98 
 106 
 26 
 60 
 
 93 
 78 
 
 7 
 
 128 
 
 10 
 
 3i 
 112
 
 WILLIAM PENNIMAN. 
 1S10 — i8j2. 
 
 BY HIS KINSMAN, MOSES WILLIAMS, OF BROOKLINE. 
 
 WILLIAM PENNIMAN, who graduated from Harvard 
 College, in the class of 1830, was the son of Elisha and 
 Sybil (Allen) Penniman, and was born in Boston, June 
 19, 1810. 
 
 As a child he was of a sensitive and affectionate disposition, 
 showing an unusual consideration for his younger brothers and 
 sisters. His physique was always rather delicate, and his tastes 
 rather studious than athletic. 
 
 The same characteristics seem to have marked his college 
 life ; the increasing feebleness of his frame made him rather 
 shy and thoughtful, although it did not prevent him from attain- 
 ing respectable rank as a scholar, and, while he commanded the 
 respect of his classmates, he was not well enough to enter very 
 fully into their sports and pleasures. 
 
 He received the honor of a part at one of the exhibitions 
 during his college course, and had also a part in the Commence- 
 ment exercises of his class. 
 
 After his graduation he turned his thoughts toward the profes- 
 sion of the ministry ; but his health soon began to fail, and he 
 died, of consumption, on February 13, 1832, his decease having 
 possibly been hastened by the death of his father, which had 
 happened only three months before. 
 
 William Penniman was one of a family of thirteen children, of 
 whom at this time (1884) but two survive.
 
 WILLIAM ANDREWS. 
 
 18 1 — 1838. 
 
 BY HIS BROTHER, SAMUEL P. ANDREWS, OF SALEM. 
 
 WILLIAM ANDREWS, second son of John Hancock 
 and Nancy (Page) Andrews, was born at Salem, Mass., 
 June 1, 1 8 10, and was fitted for college, partly at the 
 private school of John Walsh (son of the author of " Walsh's 
 Arithmetic," of which you may have a lively remembrance), 
 and partly at the Public Latin School in Salem. He entered 
 Harvard University as Freshman, obtained a fair rank in his 
 class, and graduated in due course in 1830. From the Uni- 
 versity he passed immediately into the Divinity School in 
 Cambridge, took the entire course of three years of preparatory 
 study, and, after leaving "the school" and preaching for a short 
 while in various places, was invited to settle as pastor over the 
 Unitarian church at Chelmsford, in this State. In this parish he 
 passed a quiet, useful, and acceptable life, greatly loved by his 
 people and respected by all with whom he came in contact, until 
 November 18, 1838, when he died of a brain fever, leaving no 
 line which he could wish to blot, and no enemy with whom he 
 need be reconciled. 
 
 He was never married. 
 
 This is a very meagre account of a quiet and unobtrusive 
 life in which many were interested.
 
 HENRY AUGUSTUS WALKER. 
 i8op— 1838. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, REV. SAMUEL A. DEVENS, OF BOSTON. 
 
 HENRY AUGUSTUS WALKER was born* in Charles- 
 town, Mass., November 22, 1809. He was fitted for 
 college at Phillips Academy, Exeter. In college he was 
 gentle and modest, devoted to his studies, just in his judg- 
 ment of persons and opinions, and possessed of deep moral 
 and religious principle. His diffidence prevented intimate in- 
 tercourse with classmates, but he stood well with them, and 
 graduated with a respectable rank. The temper of his mind 
 was always serious, and he chose with readiness the profession 
 of divinity, pursuing his studies at Harvard Divinity School, 
 graduating in 1833. 
 
 In company with his friend, Rev. Samuel A. Devens, of 
 Charlestown, he made a tour of the several States of our Union. 
 He then went abroad, travelling in England, Scotland, and 
 France, remaining for some time, pursuing his studies, at the 
 University in Berlin, Germany. 
 
 He turned his travels to good account, and could describe 
 with vividness what he had seen, learned, or heard ; having 
 accurately observed the characteristics of the nations where he 
 travelled. 
 
 After his return he entered upon the duties of his profession, 
 leaving a favorable impression of his character and capacity 
 wherever he labored. His health soon rapidly failed, and he 
 sailed for Santa Cruz, and arrived at # that island, Wednesday, 
 Feb. 14, 1838. The warmth of the climate prostrated his little
 
 8 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 remaining strength, and he passed away the following Saturday. 
 He received tender care and judicious' treatment. The funeral 
 service was held in the Episcopal church, and a procession 
 of Americans, and some of the residents, followed the 
 coffin to the resting-place of the remains, in the cemetery 
 on the island. 
 
 Mr. Walker was a man of a singularly clear and discrimi- 
 nating mind, of great candor, justice, and sincerity. As a 
 scholar he was correct and indefatigable. He loved study 
 because he loved truth. He sought for it as the pearl of great 
 price. As a friend he was faithful and firm. No one had 
 occasion to question the warmth of his affections, or their truth 
 and permanency. His conscience was quick and active. His 
 feelings were tender and delicate. Though embarrassingly 
 timid he was a courageous advocate of truth and rectitude. 
 His temperament was calm, dispassionate, philosophic. 
 
 TRIBUTE TO HENRY AUGUSTUS WALKER. 
 
 WRITER UNKNOWN. 
 
 We cannot allow his familiar and beloved name to be 
 entered in the common record of mortality without paying 
 a simple and affectionate tribute to the character for 
 whose sake it is everlastingly engraven on our heart. Our 
 classmate at the Divinity School was a companion, a friend, 
 a brother. And, now that he has gone where praise cannot 
 disturb him, we take peculiar pleasure in speaking freely of 
 the many virtues which, in his lifetime, were concealed from 
 the public eye by that charming and singular modesty of his, 
 which he wore as a delicate veil, except in the presence of 
 his friends. His was no common mind, and he took delight 
 in the gravest studies. His taste was pure and elevated;
 
 HEXRY AUGUSTUS WALKER. 9 
 
 his discrimination accurate ; his judgment unusually sound 
 and mature; and in wisdom he was early old. His was 
 no ordinary heart. His affections were warm, his attachments 
 singularly strong and true. No man, at all times, extended a 
 more hearty welcome to a friend. None grasped the hand more 
 emphatically. None afforded more sincere and unostentatious 
 sympathy. None performed the best but most difficult office 
 of a friend more gently and faithfully. He was humane, for- 
 giving, and hopeful of man. But a little fact, that comes up 
 while we arc writing, will throw more light upon his heart than 
 all our words. One of the last times we saw him we were 
 speaking of his pale and sunken cheek, and of the benefits and 
 pleasures of sickness. " The greatest happiness I feel," said he, 
 " while I am wasting away, is found in looking upon my friends 
 who are in health, and the children I pass in the streets, with 
 their ruddy faces, because I can now have a full and exquisite 
 relish of what they are enjoying." His principles were sound ; 
 his moral sense was quick and delicate. With great humility 
 he was one of the boldest advocates and approvers of the right, 
 — one of the sternest foes and rebukers of the wrong, — and, 
 withal, an unusual spirituality sanctified his virtues. With such 
 a moral foundation for a useful and happy life were coupled a 
 weak constitution and a delicate physical frame. After leaving 
 the Divinity School he spent two years in Europe, in travel and 
 study, with great benefit to the intellect, but, unfortunately, with 
 little improvement of the health. On his return to Boston he 
 preached occasionally, and with great acceptance to his hearers, 
 though debility prevented that forcible delivery, which was all 
 he lacked to make him an eminent and popular preacher. 
 As his health gradually declined he was recommended to visit 
 a milder clime, only, as it has proved, to breathe out his noble 
 spirit amongst fairer flowers and under softer skies in the place 
 of the sweeter smiles of kindred and the dearer roof of home. 
 But the home of such as he is wherever the peaceful and sus- 
 taining influences of the Holy Spirit can descend to console and 
 deliver a child of God, in the mortal agony, or angels can wait 
 to carry the enfranchised soul of the uncomplaining sufferer to 
 the Saviour's bosom.
 
 BENJAMIN P. WELLES. 
 
 1809 — i8j.o. 
 
 BY HIS CLASSMATE, JOHN O. SARGENT, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 BENJAMIN PRATT WELLES, born in Boston in 1809, 
 was the eighth child of John and Abigail Welles, of that 
 city. He received his early instruction at the Public Latin 
 School, in Boston, chiefly under the immediate charge of Mr. 
 Benjamin A. Gould, then the principal of that seminary, and of 
 Mr. Frederick P. Leverett, both of whom are now kindly re- 
 membered by their surviving pupils for the thorough and 
 conscientious discharge of their duties. Benjamin was a 
 good scholar, * and was especially marked for the interest he 
 manifested in the study of Greek, in which he easily led all the 
 fellow-students in his division. He entered Harvard College in 
 1826, maintaining a respectable standing in the class, and, after 
 graduating, passed some time in Europe, and visited his uncle 
 (on the mother's side), Mr. Samuel Welles, the eminent Ameri- 
 can banker, in Paris, where he enjoyed excellent opportunities 
 of extending his acquaintance with intelligent and educated 
 Americans from various parts of the United States, for whom 
 the office and house of Mr. Welles were for many years the 
 Parisian head-quarters. 
 
 On his return to Boston he entered the house of John 
 & Benjamin Welles, then doing a business, banking and 
 exchange, with the Paris and Havre houses of Welles & Co. 
 In this connection he remained until he died, — unmarried, — 
 in 1840. 
 
 It is much to say of any one, — and it is true of Mr. Welles,
 
 BENJAMIN P. WELLES. 11 
 
 — that he was a warm friend, an amiable companion, and a 
 punctilious gentleman. 
 
 In his disposition he was eminently social. His taste for 
 theatrical entertainments was highly cultivated, and he was sel- 
 dom absent from the Federal street and the old Tremont thea- 
 tres on the appearance of any distinguished actor, or the pro- 
 duction of any meritorious novelty. This inclination led him, 
 in his school days, to interest himself in forming a club of boys 
 that met at private houses, for the production of acts and scenes 
 from the standard drama, tragic or farcical. Under the tuition 
 ot Mr. Turner, a successful teacher of elocution at that period, 
 portions of Shakspere's " Julius Caesar " were brought out in the 
 spacious circular dining-room of Mr. John Welles, when the 
 butler's pantries were converted into dressing-rooms, and the 
 drugget served as an extemporized curtain. These were fol- 
 lowed by specimens after Sylvester Daggerwood, or scenes from 
 " Love laughs at Locksmiths," — winding up with one of those 
 delightful suppers for actors and audience for which the old 
 mansion in Summer street was famous for nearly half a century. 
 
 Actors and audience have passed away leaving but two or 
 three survivors ; and even they would find it difficult in the 
 business blocks of the neighborhood to point out the precise 
 spot which was the centre of so much social interest as were the 
 mansions so long occupied by the Welleses and Grays. 
 
 The name of Welles has been long and honorably associated 
 with Harvard College. Mr. John Welles, the father of our 
 subject, was a graduate of the class of 1782. His life was one 
 of usefulness and honor, and he lived to an advanced age, en- 
 joying the esteem and respect of all who knew him. He was 
 a descendant, in the sixth generation, from Governor Thomas 
 Welles, of Connecticut. Samuel Welles, of the fifth generation, 
 graduated at Harvard College in 1744, and his brother, Arnold, 
 in the following year. At a time when the college catalogue 
 was arranged with regard to what was supposed to be some 
 family criterion, or the social rank of the parents, Samuel 
 Welles and Arnold Welles were placed first in the lists of their 
 respective classes. This was perhaps a well-deserved recogni- 
 tion of the worth of the father, who was a native of Connecticut
 
 12 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 and a graduate of Yale, but removed to Boston, on his marriage 
 with Miss Arnold, in 17 19. He held various public offices, 
 judicial and political, and, though a Whig in principle, was for 
 many years one of His Majesty's Council for the colony. He 
 died in 1770. The last Quinquennial Catalogue contains the 
 names of twenty-six of his descendants who have graduated at 
 the University, eleven bearing the name of Welles, six that of 
 Hunnewell. To these may be added one Lovering, two Taylors, 
 three Sargents, and three Sturgises. 
 
 It may certainly be said of the member of His Majesty's 
 Council that he has made ample return, in this long line of 
 graduates, for the compliments of the College.
 
 WILLIAM EUSTIS. 
 1810 — 184.3. 
 
 BY THOMAS C. AMORY, OF BOSTON. 
 
 THE time draws near for printing the memoirs of our 
 deceased classmates. These memoirs have been prepared 
 by friends and kinsfolk, under the assurance and in the 
 full expectation that this work would have been long since 
 accomplished. There still remains one gap in our necrology 
 to be filled before we can proceed to press. That of William 
 Eustis is wanting. 
 
 All of us remembered him with respect, many with affection. 
 He passed away more than forty years ago, and with the excep- 
 tion of one brief line in the class-book, that he had belonged 
 to the Phi Beta Kappa and Hasty Pudding, no material seemed 
 to have survived out of which to weave the story of his life. 
 Letters addressed to Cambridge and Washington and to his 
 surviving classmates elicited no information, and though loath 
 to pass him by without recognition of his claims to remembrance, 
 there seemed no alternative. 
 
 By inquiry at Brookline, where it is believed he was born, 
 and where he is known to have resided from his earliest boy- 
 hood, we discovered that friends who had known him well were 
 still living, and, upon referring to them, they responded with 
 promptitude to our inquiries. 
 
 For what we have to tell of his life we mainly depend upon 
 their communications, and propose to incorporate in our memoir 
 as much of their account of him as our limits permit. With 
 our own recollection of him, his slender frame, his studious
 
 14 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 habits, absorbed look, " sicklied o'er with the pale cast of 
 thought," his amiable disposition, more demonstrative in manner 
 and expression than in words, a prepossessing countenance, staid 
 and contemplative, marked with modest diffidence and un- 
 mistakable sincerity, which rarely beamed with delight or broke 
 into hilarity, the account given of him by our correspondent, who 
 knew him later, corresponds. We learn why it was that he was 
 so generally regarded with affectionate respect by his college 
 associates, and why from want of constitutional vigor his career 
 was so comparatively unsuccessful and so prematurely closed. 
 
 The home of his childhood, if not of his birth, extended along 
 the south side of Warren street, in Brookline, still, as then, one 
 of the most lovely drives near Boston. Climbing the hill about 
 a mile from what was then the Punch-Bowl Village, so called 
 from the sign on Gerry's Tavern, near the end of the Milldam, 
 we reach the rising ground where stood, the old meeting-house, 
 of which Dr. Pierce for half a century was pastor. Just beyond 
 the more modern edifice on its site stood the home of his 
 mother, Mrs. Eustis. The road continues on between the 
 superb country seats of the Sargents and Gardners ; turning 
 abruptly at the top of the hill to Jamaica Pond, in one direction, 
 in the other passing through the succession of splendid abodes 
 of Winthrop, Lowell, Cabot, and Gardiner, to the park grounds of 
 the Town and Country Club. This road, in our earliest recollec- 
 tion, hedged with barberry-bushes and sweet-briar, possessed a 
 wild simplicity of peculiar fascination. If broader now and 
 better kept it still retains its rural and sylvan attractions, and, 
 with trees which have grown more majestic in age, lawns which 
 are more gracefully dimpled as good taste and wealth have 
 been expended, its shrubberies of tangled luxuriance, it may 
 be equalled, but hardly surpassed. 
 
 The Eustis place, near the meeting-house and cemetery, 
 rising abruptly from the road into dark ledges of rock covered 
 with mosses and embowered in trees, was especially picturesque. 
 The earlier mansion where Mrs. Eustis resided has given place 
 to one of more modern construction ; but the place still belongs 
 to the family, or did quite recently. Across the road, under the 
 shade of elms, tall and wide-spreading, stands the imposing and
 
 WILLIAM EUSTIS. 15 
 
 ancient homestead of the Clarkes, to the daughters of which 
 house now dwelling close by, nearer the reservoir, we are 
 indebted for the following letter and sketch of our classmate. 
 
 The two families were neighbors and friends, and as William 
 matured into manhood, if younger than himself, they were 
 sufficiently beyond childhood to form and retain vivid impres- 
 sions of his many amiabilities and sterling worth. With this in- 
 troduction, the following letter and lines need no further ex- 
 planation. 
 
 " In this busy, bustling world where original talents are duly 
 estimated and applauded, and elegant and graceful manners 
 win admiration for their possessor, how often is true delicacy 
 and refinement unnoticed, because quiet and unobtrusive ! 
 Many a noble mind has been suffered to droop away for want 
 of true sympathy, and many a warm heart has pined in solitude 
 among its fellow-men. For such we may rejoice there is a 
 better country, even a heavenly, where true worth is recog- 
 nized. 
 
 It has been our purpose to give a slight sketch of one who 
 was with us for a time both as teacher and superintendent in 
 our Sabbath-School ; but we feel the task to be one of great 
 delicacy; we fear, lest we should not do justice to one of whom 
 we think but with respect and admiration, whose character 
 was appreciated but by a few who knew him well, and by whom 
 his memory will ever be cherished. 
 
 He was a young man of excellent capacity, and his talents 
 were diligently and carefully cultivated, and the readiness with 
 which he imparted to others the stores of his well-filled mind 
 made his society and conversation agreeable and instructive. 
 
 Perhaps the most beautiful trait in his character was his 
 filial love ; — never was there a more attentive and devoted son. 
 In various kind and thoughtful acts was this exhibited. Some 
 of his most beautiful plants, particularly those he knew to be 
 his mother's favorites, were so arranged in the garden that she 
 might enjoy them from the window of her sitting-room while 
 she sat at work. 
 
 He had a great fondness for flowers, and in his younger 
 days devoted much time to his favorite study of botany. He
 
 16 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 loved to spend days in rambling through the woods and 
 swamps, and there are now in his garden many rare and valu- 
 able plants which he brought home from such excursions. The 
 trees and flowers he planted still flourish, though not as for- 
 merly ; the traces of his skilful hand remain, but the pleasant 
 voice and the kindly greeting are heard no more, and the places 
 which once knew him shall know him no more forever. 
 
 Thoroughly and with great care he fitted himself for his 
 profession, that of a physician ; but in all his plans for life, and 
 in various ways, he was doomed to disappointment and dis- 
 couragement. His too susceptible mind was ill-calculated to 
 buffet the difficulties of life, and though through his trials he 
 never murmured or complained, they gradually wore him away. 
 
 Gradually his health became undermined, and without any 
 actual disease he gently drooped away, becoming weaker every 
 day, until at last he slept in peace. His last words were of 
 anxiety lest he should trouble his friends. 
 
 He was well fitted to die. As was said of another, he had 
 become accustomed to an existence beyond the body, for he 
 had long lived in communion with the high realities of the 
 soul. These had become the chief objects of his thoughts, and 
 for them he had learned to cherish the deepest affection. 
 Hence he lived so calmly here, — so uniform and consistent a 
 life, — and hence the tranquillity of his death. 
 
 The following lines were written his mother 1 soon after his 
 death ; — that mother is now reunited with her son in that land 
 where separation is unknown : — 
 
 With the measured tread of the burial pace 
 To the vaulted tomb they bore him ; 
 
 The shades of death on his manly face, 
 And the pall hung darkly o'er him. 
 
 There was many a token upon his bier 
 Of a grief no heart could smother; 
 
 But the heaviest sigh and the bitterest tear- 
 They came from a mourning mother. 
 
 1 By Mrs. A. M. C. Edmond.
 
 WILLIAM EUSTIS. 17 
 
 She had watched by his couch with a soul of woe 
 
 And a love that ne'er was stronger, 
 Till her casket was crushed by the spoiler's blow, 
 
 Till it held her gem no longer. 
 
 She gave his clay to the burial sod, 
 
 To the grave's cold, gloomy prison ; 
 But she knew that its tenant was with God, — 
 
 She knew that his soul had risen. 
 
 A voice from a higher world he heard, 
 
 Like the tcmes of an angel seeming; 
 And the deep, deep font of his soul it stirred 
 
 In the hour of his midnight dreaming. 
 
 A soft, sweet lay in hi6 charmed ear rung, — 
 
 A call to those blest dominions; 
 And his mantle of clay aside he flung, 
 
 And soared on his heavenly pinions. 
 
 Away, away to the seraph choir, 
 
 To the land forever vernal, 
 To the light that kindled the slumbering fire 
 
 Of his soul with a flame eternal ! 
 
 The mist that long on his spirit lay 
 
 Ere the death-stroke came to sever, 
 In the beams of that morning rolled away, 
 
 And it rolled away forever. 
 
 He hath passed away to a purer sphere, 
 
 For there were no ties to bind him ; 
 But the loved who brightened his pathway here 
 
 In their fond hearts have enshrined him." 
 
 Little else remains to be said. With his sensitive tempera- 
 ment, shrinking from observation, his own desire, perhaps, was 
 to be forgotten and fade away into oblivion. But his unobtru- 
 sive traits and exemplary character have left in the memory of 
 his friends a monument not soon to crumble. His life was 
 thus useful for example and encouragement; nor while it lasted 
 was it stale or unprofitable. After taking his degree, at 
 Cambridge, he selected for his profession the art of healing, to 
 which he was well adapted by nature. He had besides another 
 incentive.
 
 18 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 The year before he entered Harvard his uncle and name- 
 sake died in office, as Governor of Massachusetts, at the 
 age of 73. He had enlisted, in the American army as surgeon's 
 mate in 1775, and as chief surgeon, remained in the service 
 till the war ended. He practised in Boston from 1788 to 1793 ; 
 in the General Court, took an active and distinguished part in 
 the debates ; represented the district in Congress for a term ; was 
 then the Secretary of War; and governor 1824-182 5. He had 
 a superb residence, at Dorchester, to whjch Governor Shirley, in 
 1745, gathered his army for the reduction of Louisburg. After 
 the death of the widow of the governor, the house became a 
 convent, and while so dedicated to religious uses, the spacious 
 chamber occupied by Lafayette served as the chapel. There, 
 doubtless, so long as their aunt survived and they were living, 
 William was a frequent guest, as well as the able, glorious 
 Horace, his cousin, son of Col. Abraham Eustis, distinguished 
 in the war with England in 1812— 15. 
 
 Though circumstances and inclination prompted him to 
 follow in the steps of his uncle, as a physician, and he took his 
 medical degree in 1834, at Harvard, with pleasant companions, 
 Dr. Wilde and others well-remembered medical men, left no 
 opening in the then small community of Brookline for one so 
 young and inexperienced. His mother's health, and her 
 dependence upon his society and protection, forbade the thought 
 of going where there was less competition. This disappointment 
 of his aspirations may have occasioned the tendency to melan- 
 choly, to which he was naturally disposed, and quickened the 
 seeds of premature decay, which soon brought his life to an 
 end.
 
 JOHN BRYANT, 
 
 SON OF JOHN BRYANT AND MARY CLEVELAND SMITH. 
 
 1810 — 184J. 
 
 BY HIS DAUGHTER, JULIA BRYANT PAINE, OF BOSTON. 
 
 AFTER graduating, Mr. Bryant made an extended tour in 
 Europe, which lasted about a year. After his return he 
 was admitted to partnership in the firm of Bryant & Stur- 
 gis, of which his father was senior member-. 
 
 In 1835 ne married Georgina Gardner, daughter of the late 
 George Gardner Lee, of Boston, and with occasional absences in 
 Europe and in this country, for business or pleasure, he lived 
 in Boston during the remainder of his life. His wife died in 
 1 84 1 or '42, without children. In 1844 he married her sister, 
 Mary Anna Lee, and soon afterwards retired from business. 
 He died on the 15th of October, 1847, in the 37th, year of his 
 age. By his second wife (who survived him) he had two 
 daughters. The elder died in infancy, a few months before her 
 father. The younger in 1867 married Charles Jackson Paine, 
 of class of '53. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, IOHN LOTHROP MOTLEY 
 
 Surrounded by all which makes life desirable; prosper- 
 ous, honored, beloved, happy- in all his social relations; 
 gifted with a sweet and sunny temper, with a keen sense of 
 
 J Written soon after Mr. Bryant's decease.
 
 20 IN MEMOKIAM. 
 
 enjoyment, with a merry heart, whose outpourings were so 
 sparkling that he was not only happy himself, but was the cause 
 of happiness in others ; possessing, apparently, that which to 
 heathen philosophy seemed the greatest good, — the healthy 
 mind in the healthy body, — our friend has been summoned 
 from the very midst of life's banquet, and, in the high-noon of 
 manhood, to lay down his treasures, and to leave forever the 
 warm precincts of the day. 
 
 It was hard for such a man to die. Although we know that 
 he submitted to the decree with calmness, yet it is hard to bear 
 his loss. He was one whom it is difficult to do without. He 
 was emphatically a man, as little sophisticated and convention- 
 alized, as real, as true, as vigorous, as it is often one's lot to 
 meet upon the dull road of life. The qualities of his mind, of 
 his heart, of his character were all admirable. 
 
 " The elements 
 So mixed in him that Nature might stand up, 
 And say to all the world, ' This was a man. ' " 
 
 His mind was no common one. It was quick, healthy, 
 robust, accurate, sagacious ; it had been cultivated by an excel- 
 lent education, improved by much travel and intercourse with 
 the world, and imbued with a love of literature and with an un- 
 affected but refined and appreciating love of art. 
 
 No one made fewer pretensions, yet his mind acknowledged 
 no man master; and it was, therefore, that companionship with 
 him was so delightful, because his thoughts and his words were 
 individual and his own, and not mere contributions to swell the 
 long, loud, wearisome monotone which goes up so ceaselessly 
 from the level surface of society. 
 
 As he was a bold and manly thinker, so was he prompt, 
 courageous, and resolute in action, and emphatically one of 
 those who impress themselves indelibly upon their fellow-men, 
 — but it was, after all, the fine qualities of his heart and his 
 character which made him beloved and respected by all who 
 knew him ; and in speaking of these one need be in no fear of 
 using exaggerated language.
 
 JOHN BRYANT. 21 
 
 No words are more than adequate to express his perfect and 
 unsullied integrity or his steadfast truth, which all hearts in 
 communion with him felt that they could trust as an anchor, 
 whatever storms of adversity might assail them. 
 
 In brief, a powerful and cultivated mind, principles lofty and 
 pure, a character without a stain, a strong and sincere religious 
 feeling ; equally removed from the bigotry of idolatry or that 
 of free-thinking ; a heart as open as the day, loving, affection- 
 ate, manly, " a brave spirit in a loyal breast. " These were 
 the attributes of him whose loss we so deeply deplore. 
 
 A troop of friends to whom he was endeared, not only by his 
 manly virtues, but by his frank and joyous disposition, his per- 
 fect and impregnable temper, his well-bred but hearty man- 
 ners, will feel more and more every succeeding day how much 
 of their life's habitual sunshine has been clouded by his depart- 
 ure. His flashes of merriment will be long and freshly remem- 
 bered by them, his manly voice will long ring and reecho in 
 their hearts, and even those whose lot it may be to see their 
 years protracted to the extreme limit of humanity, will bear 
 with them to its close the image of Bryant, as of one asso- 
 ciated with the best and brightest portion of their days, as 
 an undying embodiment of their own life's noon, an image of 
 manhood ennobled by many of its brightest and loftiest char- 
 acteristics.
 
 BENJAMIN H. ANDREWS. 
 1811 — 1847. 
 
 BY HIS NEPHEW, MORTON D. ANDREWS, OF BOSTON. 
 
 BENJAMIN HALSEY ANDREWS was the son of James 
 Andrews, a leading Boston merchant, and Sarah Win- 
 throp, his wife, who was a grand-daughter of Professor 
 Winthrop, of Harvard College, and a lineal descendant of the 
 first governor of Massachusetts, John Winthrop, and his third 
 wife, Margaret Tyndale. 
 
 Mr. Andrews was born in Boston in the year 181 1, and died 
 in Philadelphia in the year 1847. He was never married. His 
 mother, who died in Boston in 1863, and five brothers and two 
 sisters survived him. 
 
 He received his early education at the hands of private tutors, 
 and when about twelve years of age entered the Boston Latin 
 School, where he remained until he had finished the full course 
 of instruction. After graduating from that school he entered 
 Harvard College, in the class of 1830. He graduated as the 
 valedictorian of his class. He entered the Harvard Law School, 
 and graduated in the class of 1833. In college and at the law 
 school he took high position in his classes, which he maintained 
 during his entire stay in Cambridge. 
 
 After leaving the law school he entered the office of the late 
 Hon. Elias Hasket Derby, in Boston, and in a short period 
 became Mr. Derby's law partner, and remained with him until 
 feeble health compelled him to retire from the active practice 
 of his profession. 
 
 Mr. Andrews was admitted to the Massachusetts bar at the
 
 BENJAMIN H. ANDREWS. 23 
 
 October term of the Court of Common Pleas for Suffolk County 
 in the year 1833. His career at the bar was short, but during 
 the time he was in active practice he tried many cases, among 
 them some which were important. 
 
 After his admission to the bar he travelled extensively in 
 Europe, visiting among other countries England, Scotland, 
 France, Switzerland, and Italy. 
 
 Socially Mr. Andrews was very popular, having many friends, 
 and taking an active part in most of the entertainments of his 
 day. He was very bright and witty, and his friends recall 
 even now some of his funny sayings. His classmates and 
 friends say, had he lived he would have undoubtedly made his 
 mark in the profession which he had chosen. 
 
 His early death was due to an accident. He was thrown 
 from his horse while riding over South Boston bridge. He 
 never recovered from this fall, and although at times he seemed 
 better, yet he was never able to resume active practice.
 
 SAMUEL McBURNEY. 
 J 799 — l8 49- 
 
 BY HIS SISTER, MRS. JAMES B. DOW, OF BOSTON. 
 
 REV. SAMUEL McBURNEY was born in the north of 
 Ireland, near Belfast, in the year 1799. Owing to the 
 death of his father, at an early age, he was taken from 
 one of the best schools in Belfast, and soon after came to 
 Boston, where he made many kind friends and joined a 
 literary society composed of some of the best young men 
 of the city. 
 
 Mr. McBurney was a man of fine personal appearance, and 
 of marked ability, a fine reader and speaker. 
 
 After a few years his friends were anxious to have him go to 
 college, which he concluded to do, and prepared under the 
 care of Rev. Theodore Edson, of Lowell. 
 
 Mr. McBurney was much beloved by all his friends, refined 
 in manner and in heart, — a true Christian gentleman. After his 
 graduation he studied for the ministry, under Rev. Dr. Edson, 
 and was ordained as an Episcopal minister. His first call was 
 to Springfield, Mass., where he preached acceptably for a few 
 years, and there married Laura Lyman, daughter of Mr. Samuel 
 Lyman, of that place. He then came to Boston, and became 
 City Missionary of the Episcopal Church, where he was 
 faithful, zealous, and useful. Three children, one son and 
 two daughters, were born in Boston, only one of whom is 
 now living, who although very young at the time of his 
 death, recalls his devotion to his family as a husband and 
 father.
 
 SAMUEL McBURNEY. 25 
 
 Circumstances made it best for him to go to Philadelphia as 
 his family increased. He was there, however, but a short time 
 when he was taken ill with typhoid fever, which ended in death, 
 July 9, 1849, at the age of 50 years. He was buried in 
 Ronaldson's Cemetery, Philadelphia.
 
 FRANKLIN SAWYER. 
 1809 — 1851. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, CHIEF-JUSTICE CAMPBELL, OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 FRANKLIN SAWYER was the son of Franklin and Mary 
 Sawyer, and was born in Cambridge, June, 1809. Immedi- 
 ately after graduating (in 1830) he came to Detroit, and 
 entered the law office of Gen. Charles Larned, a leading advo- 
 cate, where, during the period required to be spent before ad- 
 mission to the bar, he had, as his associates, Samuel Pitts, a class- 
 mate, and Jacob M. Howard (afterward U. S. Senator), with 
 both of whom he was subsequently engaged in business. Hav- 
 ing a good deal of leisure he became with some friends in- 
 terested in founding the " Detroit Courier," which was a literary 
 journal of merit, chiefly managed and edited by Mr. Sawyer, 
 Charles Cleland, and Ebenezer S. B. Canning, all gentlemen of edu- 
 cation and refinement, and all forcible and elegant writers. This 
 paper was merged in the " Detroit Advertiser," which was then 
 the leading Whig paper of Michigan, and Mr. Sawyer became a 
 principal editor of that journal. He took an active and influen- 
 tial part in territorial and State politics. In 1832 he joined with 
 several other young men in establishing the Detroit Young Men's 
 Society, which remained for half a century an active association, 
 having an important influence on the literary advancement of 
 the community. In 1841, the Whigs being in power, he was 
 appointed Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State, and 
 gave up his practice, which had been large, to devote himself to 
 the development of the Public-School System, which had been 
 well planned by his predecessor, Mr. Pierce, but which received
 
 FRANKLIN SAWYER. 27 
 
 much profit from the earnest and wise efforts of Mr. Sawyer, 
 who had charge of the management of the school lands, as well 
 as of the educational functions of his office. His successors give 
 him great credit for his work. He remained in this office two 
 years, and was then summoned to take charge as Superintendent 
 of the School System of New Orleans. In that city his success 
 was quite marked, and his services were highly appreciated. 
 After a few years he returned to the North, and thereafter made 
 his home in Cambridgeport, Mass., till his death. 
 
 Mr. Sawyer was tall and erect, with thick and curly brown 
 hair and large blue eyes. His features were mobile and expres- 
 sive, and his manner energetic and earnest. He had a pleasant 
 though ardent temper, and was a ready and eloquent speaker, 
 and his conversation was animated and attractive. He suc- 
 ceeded very well at the bar. He was strictly honest in mind and 
 in business. He was an enthusiast in his sentiments, but well- 
 balanced and deliberate in his conclusions. He was in private 
 life very much loved and esteemed.
 
 ISAAC APPLETON JEWETT. 
 1809 — 1852. 
 
 BY HIS KINSMAN, S. ARTHUR BENT, OF CLINTON, MASS. 
 
 ISAAC APPLETON JEWETT, the son of Moses and 
 Emily (Appleton) Jewett, was born at Burlington, Vt., in 
 1809. Entering college at the beginning of the course he 
 gave promise of what distinguished him in mature life, — sound 
 scholarship, a refined musical and literary taste, and engaging 
 manners. 
 
 After graduation he studied law, to the practice of which he 
 devoted a few years at Cincinnati and New Orleans. His tastes, 
 however, led him to other pursuits. In 1835 ne made his first 
 tour of Europe ; the unusual social advantages he there enjoyed, 
 and his keen powers of observation and vivid description, bore 
 fruit in two volumes, entitled, " Passages in Foreign Travel." 
 They originally appeared in the form of letters, and to the end 
 of his life Jewett was emphatically a letter-writer. Although 
 not engaged in specific literary labors, after the publication of 
 the " Passages " and the " Appleton Memorial," his familiarity 
 with the languages and literature of Europe, and the graphic 
 power with which he reproduced his own experiences and 
 impressions, gave to his pen-pictures of subsequent travel a 
 piquancy and charm only equalled by his conversation. 
 
 The " Memorial of Samuel Appleton, of Ipswich, Mass., with 
 genealogical notices of some of his descendants," was compiled 
 by Jewett from materials collected mainly by his uncles, Eben 
 and Nathan Appleton, and was printed in 1850. It was one of 
 the first attempts to trace American genealogy to its source
 
 ISAAC APPLE TON JEWETT. 29 
 
 beyond the Atlantic. The acquaintance with the widely spread 
 members of his family at home, which the preparation of this 
 volume gave Jewett, caused him, during the later years of his 
 life, to make frequent journeys and reports upon their material 
 well-being, on behalf of a venerable relative whose retirement 
 was cheered by the vivacious letters in which these journeys 
 were described. Jewett had now established himself at Keene, 
 N.H., drawn thither by the presence of another member of his 
 family, and by the cultivated society of that beautiful town. 
 He was in the habit, however, of visiting, from time to time, 
 various members of his family, where he was always a welcome 
 guest, for, while his manners were distinguished, his conversa- 
 tion was as far removed from arrogance as from commonplace. 
 He loved truth, sincerity, and naturalness, wherever he found 
 them ; he hated shams, hypocrisy, and falsehood, of every 
 kind. 
 
 In the appropriation during his short life of forty-four years 
 of what was best in the culture of two continents, Jewett fulfilled 
 the purpose of the quotation which he wrote, with his name, in 
 the Class-Book at graduation : " The world's mine oyster, which 
 I with sword will open." He died at Keene, N.H., Jan. 14, 
 1853, and was buried at Burlington, where his tombstone bears 
 an even more appropriate inscription : " He was a scholar, and 
 a ripe and good one."
 
 LEVI C. EATON. 
 1812 — 1852. 
 
 BY HIS SON, AMASA C. EATON, OF PROVIDENCE, R.I. 
 
 LEVI CURTIS EATON, son of Levi and Susan (Howe) 
 Eaton, was born at Framingham, Mass., in 1812. He 
 prepared for college at Framingham Academy, and en- 
 tered Harvard University in 1826, graduating in 1830. He then 
 went to Providence, R.I., and studied law in the office of Wm. 
 R. Staples, who became afterwards Chief-Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of Rhode Island. He was admitted to the bar, and became 
 an active lawyer. In 1837 he married Sarah B. (Mason) Rug- 
 gles, of Providence. His practice steadily increased until failing 
 health compelled him to abandon the profession. In retirement 
 he gratified his literary tastes and pursuits, and became much 
 interested in horticultural matters. He died, in 1852, after great 
 suffering for many years, from asthma and consumption.
 
 JOSEPH BARNEY WILLIAMS. 
 1810 — 1853. 
 
 BY HIS CLASSMATE, JOHN O. SARGENT, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 JOSEPH BARNEY WILLIAMS was born in Baltimore on 
 the 1 6th of October, 1810. He was the son of Nathaniel 
 Williams, a graduate of Harvard College of 1801, and for 
 many years United States District Attorney for Maryland. He 
 received his early education in his native city, and was fitted for 
 college at the Round Hill School, in Northampton, Mass., then 
 under the charge of Messrs. Cogswell & Bancroft. He entered the 
 Sophomore Class in Harvard College in 1827. On graduating, 
 in 1830, he studied law in his father's office, and was in due 
 course admitted to the bar. Of a social disposition, with 
 winning manners and many entertaining and attractive qualities, 
 he became a general favorite in the best circles to a degree 
 that interfered with great professional success. For several 
 years he had the appointment as notary public and commis- 
 sioner, for which he was admirably qualified by his habitual 
 clerical neatness and accuracy. For a number of years the 
 writer was in communication with him in his exercise of these 
 vocations, and had opportunities of knowing with what conscien- 
 tious care he discharged all trusts imposed on him. He died 
 on the 30th of August, 1853.
 
 JAMES BENJAMIN. 
 Died, 1853. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, WILLIAM MINOT, OF BOSTON. 
 
 DIED, at Springfield/ Mass., 25th August, 1853, James 
 Benjamin, Esq., a member of the Suffolk bar. 
 The death of any upright man, in the prime of life, who 
 has been thoroughly educated, and has proved himself able 
 and faithful in the discharge of a liberal profession, is always 
 a public loss, and in some sense demands a public notice. By 
 such a death the community loses the benefit of an intelligence 
 trained to conduct to a successful issue the complicated and 
 critical affairs of life, and of a foresight and sagacity fitted to 
 point out a safe path for the energy of others, or to extricate 
 from difficulties and embarrassments, which the most prudent 
 cannot always avoid. Then passes away from the life and use 
 of man a matured judgment, a courage to assume responsi- 
 bility and a competency to discharge it, a proved and admitted 
 fidelity to duty, resource enriched by experience, a rectitude 
 both intrinsic and enlightened, knowledge of character, a liberal 
 interpretation of the motives of men, and the feeling of 
 repose and reliance enjoyed by those who are brought into 
 relations with such a man. The public is rich in proportion 
 to its accumulation of such characters, and the loss of any such 
 mind and character so far impoverishes it. 
 
 Mr. Benjamin, though not widely known, had an influence 
 and power of character which eminently illustrated these 
 remarks. He was educated at Harvard College, bred to the 
 profession of the law in the office of William Minot, Esq., of
 
 JAMES BENJAMIN. 33 
 
 Boston, and admitted to the bar of Suffolk county in the year 
 1834. A taste for retirement, a disinclination to try causes of 
 which the issue could not be made nearly certain by careful 
 preparation before trial, a certain mistrust, perhaps not ill- 
 founded, of the competency of juries to arrive at accurate 
 results, a love of certainty arising from the mathematical char- 
 acter of his mind, and a total absence of vanity or love of 
 excitement, prevented his becoming conspicuous as an advocate 
 at the bar ; and, with occasional exceptions, in which he dis- 
 played marked ability, he confined himself to chamber practice. 
 To this unnoted, but very important, branch of the profession 
 he brought rare qualities of mind and character. His mind was 
 thoroughly imbued with the principles of the common law, and 
 by a rapidity of legal reasoning, which seemed almost intuitive, 
 he applied those principles with great accuracy to the most 
 complicated matters of business. Perplexing and intricate 
 questions, when presented to his mind, were resolved as if by 
 a chemical process into the sharp, well-defined, and crystalline 
 forms of their legal relations, and, with these as a basis, his 
 mind moved by steps of the purest legal reasoning and induc- 
 tion to the conclusion on which alone his client could safely 
 stand. His capacity of marshalling facts under the legal prin- 
 ciples which controlled them was very remarkable ; and his 
 power of applying these principles in all their purity, uncor- 
 rupted by the fallacy of false logic, made him competent to the 
 clear and satisfactory solution of any questions however new 
 and involved. He was not a great reader of cases, but loved 
 and studied the elementary works; and the law was to him a 
 pure science of principles, not a collection of authorities. In 
 his early life he had a great taste for mathematics, and the ac- 
 curacy, pure reason, and certainty of mathematical science 
 strongly imbued his love and studies of the law. But he had 
 combined with this power of legal reasoning much richness and 
 felicity of thought, which gave freshness and originality to his 
 mental operations, and were mainly the cause of his singular 
 power of clearly and satisfactorily leading others to the con- 
 clusion on which his own mind rested. His arguments and 
 discussions had a rare clearness and transparency, with which
 
 34 IN MRMORIAM. 
 
 conviction went so hand in hand that it was a great intellectual 
 pleasure to listen to them. He added to and enriched this 
 power with an admirable force of illustration. His illustrations 
 were, as Walter Scott calls them, dangerous weapons ; but they 
 were dangerous to his adversary, and not to himself. They 
 were singularly felicitous, complete, and unassailable. Drawn 
 usually from familiar, and almost homely, objects, they had 
 none of the charm of poetry, but all the beauty of truth irra- 
 diated. An obscure relation, not easily comprehended, started 
 by the force of these into noonday clearness ; and out of a 
 mass of indefinite shadows and glimpses of truth he furnished 
 a guide, not so much of authority as of unanswerable reason 
 and conviction. His temper was admirably fitted for the 
 exercise of those intellectual powers. It was calm, placable, 
 self-reliant, and cautious. He trusted to the power of convic- 
 tion alone to influence others, — of conviction enforced by tem- 
 perate, but decisive argument. However harassed he rarely 
 allowed himself to become irritated; and, as he had the power 
 of condensed and epigrammatic sarcasm, this merit of good 
 temper was due not less to self-control than to nature. The 
 only form of character which excited his uncontrolled indigna- 
 tion was ignorance seeking to cloak itself under duplicity and 
 meanness ; and against this combination his rebuke was sharp 
 and condensed. He hated falsehood and dishonesty. They 
 were abhorrent alike to his incorruptible integrity and to his 
 clear, straightforward mind. In all questions of moral conduct 
 his judgment was nice and decisive. No man could be more 
 thoroughly honest ; he seemed indeed to be above temptation. 
 His views of right and wrong were unbiassed by the distinc- 
 tions which sometimes cloud the judgment in the compli- 
 cated relations of a highly artificial state of society. His sense 
 .of justice knew no degrees of comparison, no shades or variety 
 of color; but he walked through life on the right side of a clear 
 and well-defined line of conduct. But the severity of his judg- 
 ment over his own actions he charitably mitigated in his opinion 
 of others. Few men have said less harsh things of others ; and 
 certainly he never said an ill-natured thing. 
 
 The great defect of Mr. Benjamin's character was his total
 
 JAMES BENJAMIN. 35 
 
 absence of ambition, — of that ambition which seeks to find the 
 largest sphere for one's faculties, and to reap the most abundant 
 harvest of labor. He took the responsibilities of life as they 
 were forced upon him ; he had no desire or enterprise to seek 
 them out. When the occasion came he did his duty with the 
 thoroughness and strength of a clear intellect and a compelling 
 conscience. Endowed with talents which entitled him to take a 
 very high place in his profession he was yet content to follow 
 the paths of a comparatively subordinate one. Nor had he 
 those qualities which sometimes supply, though imperfectly, the 
 want of an enlarged ambition ; he had no vanity, no love of 
 notoriety or praise, and was indifferent to wealth and its enjoy- 
 ments. Accident might have made him distinguished, for he 
 was intellectually adequate to any occasion ; but life had for him 
 no interests keen enough, no temptations strong enough, to 
 arouse his somewhat sluggish temperament. With his duty 
 done was ended the spring to exertion. His conscience was iron, 
 and his intellect was electric and played brilliant and beautiful 
 over the lines and pathways of his duties ; but beyond this the 
 attraction was lost, and the vivifying power failed to operate. 
 Probably the consciousness that the seeds of early death were 
 sown in his system repressed his energies, and imparted a 
 seriousness, and at times almost solemnity, to his thoughts and 
 manners. His sympathies, though strong, were not quick ; and 
 without ready and comprehensive sympathies a man's influence 
 is narrowed to the circle of his immediate friends. But with 
 these Mr. Benjamin was social and full of cordial interest. And 
 to those who knew him well he appeared so faithful a friend, 
 so devoted a relative, so sound and reliable an adviser, so capable 
 and conscientious in the exercise of his profession, and, withal, 
 so peculiar, original, and excellent in his character, as to leave 
 only the regret that his life was so short, and that he departed 
 so little known and appreciated.
 
 THOMAS HOPKINSON. 
 
 iSoj. — 1850. 
 
 BY HIS SON, JOHN P. HOPKINSON, OF CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 THOMAS HOPKINSON was the third son of Theophilus 
 and Susanna (Allen) Hopkinson, and born in the village 
 of New Sharon, near Farmington, Maine, August 25, 
 
 1804. 
 
 His father, Theophilus, born in Exeter, N.H., was left an 
 orphan by the death of his father, a soldier of the Revolution, 
 and brought up by an uncle, who, by harsh treatment, excessive 
 work, and utter neglect of his education, exhausted the young 
 man's patience. Tramping through New Hampshire and Maine, 
 Theophilus cleared himself a farm, built a log-house, married 
 and brought up a large family. Although he was a large and 
 powerful man the hard work he had been obliged since boy- 
 hood to perform broke down his health at the early age of 
 forty-five, and he was compelled to leave the management of 
 the farm to his sons. The labor and responsibility fell largely 
 on Thomas, then only fifteen years old ; but an ever-strength- 
 ening taste for study, and the desire for an education higher 
 than the neighborhood could furnish, made the farm-work 
 irksome. At the age of seventeen he attended the Farmington 
 Academy during the summer months, and in the winter taught 
 school in his native village, with his two older brothers among 
 his pupils. His success in this undertaking he attributed largely 
 to the affectionate support of these brothers, who for his sake 
 readily submitted to the mortification of being ruled by their 
 junior.
 
 77 /O MAS HOPKINSON. 37 
 
 No man is more impressed with his own ignorance than a 
 faithful teacher; and in the case of Thomas Hopkinson the 
 consciousness of his deficiencies increased the love of study ; but 
 the ill-health of his father and older brother, and the absence 
 of his oldest brother, obliged him to continue the alternate 
 farming and teaching until his twenty-first year, when he deter- 
 mined to seek a collegiate education, if possible, at Bowdoin 
 College. He was forced by his poverty to prepare himself, and 
 mastered the required amount of Latin and Greek in a single 
 year. Just before the time for going up for examination, at 
 Bowdoin, two gentlemen, Mr. Henry H. Fuller, of Boston, and 
 Mr. Simeon C.Whittier, of Augusta, becoming greatly interested 
 in him, urged him to go to Cambridge, and promised to aid 
 him with letters and money. His friends at home, strong in the 
 Baptist faith, begged him not to go to "the very fountain-head 
 of infidelity," and " where they had forsaken the true God ; " 
 but Thomas, no longer sympathizing with their views, and hold- 
 ing rather to the Unitarian doctrine, decided to try his luck at 
 Harvard, and never regretted the decision. His limited means 
 would have made it impossible for him to have spent four years 
 in Cambridge but for the constant friendship of his two 
 advisers, whose generosity never tired, and his earnings from 
 teaching at Leominster and Groton in the winters. 
 
 After the first hard work, in overcoming the drawbacks of his 
 imperfect preparation, his natural ability and maturer intellect 
 gave him an advantage over his competitors, and in 1830 he 
 was graduated at the head of his class, delivering an oration 
 on " Patriotism." In 1833 he received the degree of Master of 
 Arts, delivering another oration. After a happy stay at the Law 
 School, where his most intimate friends were Charles Sumner 
 and John W. Browne, he entered the office of Luther Lawrence, 
 at Lowell, and was admitted to the bar in 1833. Soon after 
 he was made a partner, and at different times was associated 
 with Elisha Glidden, Seth Ames, Rufus B. Lawrence, and Arthur 
 P. Bonney, and gained a reputation as an able and upright 
 lawyer. 
 
 In 1836 he married Corinna Prentiss, daughter of John 
 Prentiss, of Keene, N.H. His four children were Francis
 
 38 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 Custis, who was graduated at Harvard in 1859, entered the 
 forty-fourth Regiment of Mass. Volunteers, and died at Newbern, 
 N.C., in 1863 ; John Prentiss (H.U., 1861 ), a teacher in Boston ; 
 Ellen Christina, married to Hersey B. Goodwin, a Boston 
 merchant; Grace Mellen, married to Charles W. Eliot, Presi- 
 dent of Harvard University. His widow survived him twenty- 
 seven years, dying at Cambridge, May 16, 1883. 
 
 In politics Thomas Hopkinson was a strong Whig, and in 
 1838 and 1845 represented Lowell in the House of Representa- 
 tives, and in 1846 was elected to the Massachusetts Senate. He 
 always took a lively interest in the welfare of his townsmen, and 
 as a public-spirited citizen aided in the growth of Lowell. He 
 was one of the chief movers in the establishment of the Apple- 
 ton Bank, and in 1848 was President of the Lowell Traders' & 
 Mechanics' Mutual Fire Insurance Co. In 1848 he was ap- 
 pointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, a position which 
 he held but one year, resigning in order to become President of 
 the Boston & Worcester Railroad, which office he filled during 
 the rest of his life. 
 
 Although he was a man of great physical strength and endur- 
 ance, yet all his life since boyhood had been spent in constant 
 labor and responsibility, taxing his powers to the utmost, and 
 leaving him no reserved strength to resist sickness. In the 
 summer of 1856, finding his health completely broken down, he 
 was induced to go abroad, but disease had taken too strong 
 hold upon him, and he returned only to die, surrounded by his 
 family, Nov. if, 1856. 
 
 He was a man who never knowingly wronged another, but 
 was always ready with hand, purse, or brain to assist those in 
 need or trouble, — a man who never spared himself in the per- 
 formance of his duties nor exacted too much from those in his 
 employ. He left behind him a host of loving and devoted 
 friends, and to his children a reputation without a stain.
 
 BARZILLAI FROST. 
 1804 — 1838. 
 
 BY HIS SON, HENRY W. FROST, OF BOSTON. 
 
 DETERMINED to have a liberal education, Barzillai Frost 
 made his way, by his own exertions, from Effingham, a 
 remote little town in New Hampshire, through Phillips 
 Academy (Exeter) and Harvard College. The two years fol- 
 lowing graduation were passed in teaching the Framingham 
 Academy. He then returned to college to take Prof. Farrar's 
 place in the chair of mathematics and natural philosophy, while 
 the professor sought rest in Europe. Mr. Frost at this time 
 served as chairman of the parietal committee, and also pursued 
 his studies in the Divinity School. Feb. 1, 1837, having pre- 
 viously declined calls from Barnstable and Northfield, he was 
 ordained as associate pastor of the Unitarian Society in Concord, 
 Mass., as colleague of the venerable Ezra Ripley, D.D. (H.U., 
 1776), who died in 1841. 
 
 Mr. Frost discharged his pastoral duties efficiently and ac- 
 ceptably, and made himself useful as a citizen. He served re- 
 peatedly on the school committee and as curator of the Lyceum 
 to provide a weekly lecture in the winter months. He encour- 
 aged horticulture and the planting of shade trees along the 
 streets, and warmly supported the temperance and antislavery 
 causes. The summer of 1843 he spent in the Western States, 
 preaching in St. Louis, Quincy, Milwaukee, Chicago, and other 
 places. 
 
 In February, 1856, a severe cold, which had settled on his 
 lungs, drove Mr. Frost to the West Indies. He visited St.
 
 40 BARZILLAI FROST, 
 
 Thomas and Santa Cruz, Jamaica and Cuba, returning by way 
 of Charleston, S.C. The next autumn he felt obliged to seek a 
 warm climate again, and he returned to Santa Cruz, which he 
 had liked much on his previous visit. There he passed several 
 months, stopping a short time at Bermuda as he came home. 
 His health seemed better, and he thought that two or three 
 winters in a mild climate, which should be more bracing than 
 that of the tropics, might restore him completely ; but, not wish- 
 ing to trespass on the kindness of his parish, he resigned his 
 Concord pastorate Oct. 3, 1857, receiving substantial expression 
 of his people's esteem and affection. 
 
 Taking his wife and younger son, Mr. Frost sailed for Fayal 
 in November. The winter there proved cool and damp, and 
 his health failed steadily until there was no doubt that consump- 
 tion had fastened itself upon him. He reached Concord again 
 in August, and lingered until Dec. 8, 1858, dying at the age of 
 fifty-four years and nearly six months, his birth having occurred 
 June 18, 1804. The affectionate attentions of his family and 
 of many kind friends soothed the last weary weeks, which were 
 passed at the house of his intimate friend and physician, Josiah 
 Bartlett, M.D. (H.U., 1816). 
 
 Mr. Frost married, June 1, 1837, Elmira, youngest daughter 
 of Daniel and Sally (Buckminster) Stone, of Framingham. She 
 made his home happy, and strengthened his influence in his 
 parish by the warm regard she won for herself. Their two 
 daughters died in infancy. A son, Alfred, a very attractive 
 boy, died, when ten years old, from the effects of a fall while 
 climbing a mountain in Fayal with a party of friends. The 
 eldest child, named Henry Walker, for a classmate of his father, 
 graduated from Harvard College in 1858, and is a lawyer in 
 Boston.
 
 HORATIO SPRAGUE EUSTIS. 
 1811 — 1838. 
 
 BY HIS CLASSMATE, JOHN O. SARGENT, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 HORATIO SPRAGUE EUSTIS died at his plantation in 
 Issaquena county, Mississippi, the 5th of September, 1858, 
 aged 46 years. He was a son of Gen. Abraham Eustis 
 (H.C., 1804) and Rebecca (Sprague) Eustis, and was born at 
 Fort Adams, Newport, R.I., 25th of December, 181 1. He was 
 fitted for college at Round Hill School, Northampton, Mass., 
 then in charge of Messrs. Coggswell and Bancroft. After leav- 
 ing college he studied law, went to the West, and settled at 
 Natchez, where he continued to practise his profession, with the 
 exception of an interval of a year or two, until his death. He 
 married, 10th of May, 1838, Catharine, daughter of Henry 
 Chotard, a planter. He left a widow and ten children, — seven 
 sons and three daughters. 
 
 Eustis is still remembered by his surviving classmates as a 
 charming companion, an ardent friend, and a gentleman with 
 many chivalrous elements in his composition. He had an 
 orderly and logical mind, which insured him the success that 
 he attained in his brief professional career.
 
 HENRY LINCOLN. 
 
 1804. — 1860. 
 
 BY HIS WIFE, MARTHA LINCOLN, OF LANCASTER, MASS. 
 
 HENRY, son of William and Tabitha (Kendall) Lincoln, 
 was born at Leominster, Mass., Aug. 11, 1804; fitted 
 for college at Groton, Mass. ; entered Harvard College 
 in 1826, and graduated with his class in 1830. 
 
 His father, thinking a collegiate course unnecessary for a 
 farmer's son, the son was unable to enter until he attained his 
 majority, and was obliged for the same reason to teach during 
 two or three winters of his stay at Cambridge. Leaving Cam- 
 bridge in 1830, and deciding on the study of medicine, he went 
 to Philadelphia to pursue his studies. 
 
 From early in 1 83 1 to Aug., 1831, he was a private student 
 in the office of Dr. Samuel Jackson, of Philadelphia, at the 
 same time attending lectures at the Medical Institute and the 
 University of Pennsylvania ; from the latter he received the 
 degree of M.D. in the spring of 1834. 
 
 While in Philadelphia, in addition to professional studies, he 
 was, from the fall of 1830 to the spring of 1832, associated with 
 Levi Fletcher (H.C., 1823) in the charge of a private school, 
 of which he afterward, until 1834, had sole charge. During the 
 terrible cholera epidemic of 1832 in Philadelphia, he served as 
 a volunteer in the hospitals. To quote his own words: "I 
 decided to go into the cholera hospitals as it was a chance to 
 gain valuable experience and be very useful at the same time. 
 Men were needed with cool heads, and the more medical 
 knowledge the better. I knew the risk, but reasoned if I died
 
 HENRY LINCOLN. 43 
 
 I had no one dependent on my exertions for comfort and a 
 home. However, I got through all right, but tired out." 
 
 Returning to Massachusetts in 1834 the young physician 
 taught school for a few months at Sterling, Mass., and then 
 entered the office of P. T. Kendall, M.D., of that place, to be- 
 come accustomed to a country practice. 
 
 The last part of March, 1836, Dr. Lincoln settled at Lancaster, 
 Mass., and there, in the faithful performance of the duties of a 
 country physician, carrying comfort to the bodies and minds of 
 his patients, rather than bringing glory or profit to himself, he 
 finished his work in the fall of 1859, and his life (dying of 
 pulmonary consumption) Feb. 29, i860. Speaking of his own 
 life but a few days before its close, when he knew it would 
 last but a few days longer, he said, " I cannot recall ever having 
 intentionally wronged any man." 
 
 How sincere was the mourning for him among those who 
 knew him best may be seen in the monument, erected with the 
 consent of his family, by his friends and townsmen, over the 
 grave of Henry Lincoln, in the "North Village" Cemetery, at 
 Lancaster, Mass. 
 
 Never holding office, save in connection with the schools, Dr. 
 Lincoln always had the interests of his town at heart, and 
 although in the last years of his life a victim of deafness, which 
 made conversation with strangers somewhat difficult, he always 
 bore his full share of social and public duties. Agriculture in 
 the intervals of his profession was his delight and recreation, 
 and the older farmers of Lancaster still recall the rich crops he 
 coaxed from the somewhat exhausted farm he purchased in 
 1852, — crops which were wonders in those days, showing in 
 the pecuniary results the correctness of the views on scientific 
 farming advanced by Dr. Lincoln, at first somewhat to the 
 amusement of his neighbors ; views the correctness of which are 
 now acknowledged on all sides. 
 
 Dr. Lincoln was a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
 Society and of the Worcester County Medical Society. 
 
 February 14, 1838, Henry Lincoln and Martha, daughter of 
 Moses and Lucy (Bush) Bond of Sterling, Mass., were married 
 at Sterling, and went at once to Lancaster, where Mrs. Lincoln
 
 44 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 still lives. Of this marriage were born, Mary Catharine 
 Lincoln, Jan. 31, 1840; J Ellen Sears Lincoln, Sept. 27, 1841 ; 
 1 William Henry Lincoln, July 6, 1843; Martha Bond Lincoln, 
 Nov. 30, 1846; Francis Newhall Lincoln (H.U., 1871 ), May 16, 
 1850; Edward Hartwell Lincoln, June 27, 1855. 
 
 1 Deceased.
 
 JOHN W. BROWNE. 1 
 1810 — 1860. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, GOV. JOHN A. ANDREW. 
 
 JOHN WHITE BROWNE was born at Salem, March 29, 
 1 8 10, and at the time of his death, May 1, i860, had, 
 therefore, recently completed his fiftieth year. He was 
 the son of James and Lydia (Vincent) Browne, and his father 
 was the eldest lineal descendant of Elder John Browne, the 
 Ruling Elder of the First Church in the Colony of Massachu- 
 setts Bay, whose appointment, in 1660, the Rev. John Higginson 
 made a condition of his own assumption of the clerical charge, 
 and who is probably identical with John Browne, one of the 
 Assistants named in the original charter of the colony in 1628, 
 who, with his brother Samuel, was banished in 1629 for a sup- 
 posed leaning towards Episcopacy, but returned to Salem 
 after an interval of several years, which were passed in England 
 and Maryland. 
 
 Few persons of the rare qualities of intellect which our 
 friend possessed by nature, and of so precious acquirements 
 from reading and reflection, have at the age of fifty years done 
 less than he to attract the curiosity or the attention of the 
 public, while fewer still, of whatever capacity or culture, have 
 lived more useful lives, or died more truly loved, respected, 
 and reverenced by those to whom they were known. The 
 tribute to his memory, contained in the discourse of his friend, 
 who, of all the tenants of the pulpit, was, perhaps, nearest to his 
 
 1 From " In Memoriam, J. W. B. Published for his friends. Boston, i860."
 
 46 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 heart, leaves less to be added than might otherwise be written ; 
 but a brief and simple outline of some of the principal facts of 
 his life will help to complete the record. 
 
 Mr. Browne was devoted quite early to one of the learned 
 professions. He was fitted for college at the Salem Classical 
 School (the first classical school ever established in New 
 England), under the care of masters Theodore Ames and 
 Henry K. Oliver. He entered Harvard College in 1826, and 
 was graduated as one of the first scholars of the class of 1830. 
 That class numbered among its members the late Thomas 
 Hopkinson, a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Massa- 
 chusetts, and Charles Sumner, now one of the Senators in 
 Congress from that State ; and during the whole of Mr. 
 Browne's collegiate life he was the chum of one or the other of 
 those gentlemen. After graduation he commenced the study 
 of the law at the Law School connected with the University, 
 and pursued it further in the office of the late Rufus Choate at 
 Salem. After the removal of Mr. Choate to Boston, in 1832, 
 he became a student with the late Leverett Saltonstall, so 
 many years the president and leader of the Essex bar, with 
 whom he completed his novitiate as a lawyer. Those who 
 shared the intimate confidence of Mr. Browne in his later 
 years will remember how his voice and eye kindled and 
 warmed whenever he spoke of these and of some other friends 
 of his earlier manhood. His love of quiet, patient, truth-seek- 
 ing pursuits, — of that search for knowledge which is its own 
 reward, — must have made this period of study, compared 
 with all other passages of his life, one of peculiar happi- 
 ness and satisfaction ; and those who had guided or befriended 
 him in threading his way, and especially such as had then 
 won his personal affection, were cherished and remembered by 
 him with the utmost fidelity. 
 
 After his admission to the bar, Mr. Browne became resident 
 at Lynn, and began there the practice of his profession. There 
 he continued in the performance of its ordinary duties until 
 his removal to Boston, where the variety and extent of em- 
 ployment affords opportunity for subdivision of labor and for 
 some selection on the part of the practitioner. Tn Boston, he
 
 JOHN IV. BROWNE. 47 
 
 devoted himself almost exclusively to the department of con- 
 veyancing and to office-practice, avoiding, except at rare inter- 
 vals, the anxieties and excitements of the court-room. Not- 
 withstanding a singular directness and clearness of vision, a 
 great capacity to learn and to remember both principles and 
 details, a perception which no sophistry could deceive, a 
 power of discrimination which could defy every difficulty and 
 entanglement, a style of writing and of speech, and a manner, 
 voice, and temperament all fitted for the eloquence of the forum, 
 a moral hesitation was from the first always in the way of his 
 self-possession, and therefore of his success in the arena of the 
 bar. But if he did not perfectly succeed, yet he never failed. 
 Whatever forensic task he undertook he accomplished to the 
 satisfaction of his audience, if not of himself; and when I have 
 contrasted the bold nonsense of shallow declaimers, sometimes 
 mistaken for argumentative oratory, and often winning the 
 crown, with the crystal reasoning, simple and beautiful state- 
 ment, chaste and forcible style, of John W. Browne, as I have 
 occasionally heard him, and when I have seen him persistently 
 avoiding the high places which his refined morality would have 
 purified and ennobled, I have sometimes felt that his self-im- 
 posed restraint was a testimony against us all. 
 
 While residing at Lynn Mr. Browne represented that town 
 in the Legislature in 1837. The impression which he made 
 upon his associates in this brief and youthful connection with 
 public and political affairs was such that, to his own surprise, 
 and during his temporary absence from the State, the Whig 
 Convention of Essex County, in 1838, nominated him as a 
 candidate for the Senate of the Commonwealth. But the con- 
 fidence inspired by his integrity, and the respect commanded 
 by his talents, were unperceived by him in a degree hardly to 
 be understood in the instance of any one of less sensitive 
 modesty. His strength of purpose was surpassed only by the 
 strength of his convictions, which were set forth in the letter in 
 which he declined to accept the nomination. He was then 
 but twenty-eight years old. He had a career before him in 
 which he might have secured distinction as a public man, and 
 have been no less useful than distinguished ; but a pure heart,
 
 48 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 simple tastes, and a modest choice of a position in life, forbade 
 an encounter with the bewilderments and the possibilities of 
 moral entanglement and mischance, which such a career might 
 involve. 
 
 After the removal of Mr. Browne's office to Boston, where it 
 remained" until his death, he divided his residence between 
 Boston and Hingham, which town was the birthplace of his 
 wife, Miss Martha A. G. Lincoln, to whom he was married in 
 1842. Their only child, Laura, was born in 1843. To Hing- 
 ham our friend always retreated upon the approach of the 
 summer months ; and the delight of his days was, there, in the 
 peaceful seclusion of that quiet and ancient town, so full of rural 
 beauty, to indulge his love of Nature and her works and ways. 
 A holiday, the remnant of an afternoon, an hour at evening 
 twilight or in the early morning, — when either could be stolen 
 from sleep or withdrawn from care, — always found him ab- 
 sorbed in the full happiness which he nowhere found so surely 
 as in the work of his garden, in his trees and flowers. If 
 through his father's ancestry he inherited the rigorous integrity 
 of the Puritan Elder, so from the Italian blood, which also 
 mingled in his veins, he seemed to have derived the instinctive 
 perception and enjoyment of natural beauty so characteristic 
 of the people of Italy, and which no author ever appreciated or 
 delineated more finely than his townsman, Hawthorne. 
 
 Although not affecting general society, and avoiding so much 
 as he did public life (under-estimating, indeed, his own capac- 
 ity and adaptation for social and for public uses), Mr. Browne 
 was no recluse. He was genial, cordial, and good-humored. 
 He enjoyed with the keenest relish his talk with those who had 
 anything to say beyond the commonplaces of conversation. 
 He had a quick eye and ear for innocent mirth, for delicate wit, 
 and for a good-natured joke, although he was oftentimes 
 singularly obtuse to coarse displays of humor. He entered 
 with the warmest sympathy into the amusements and amenities 
 of his social circle, with the cordiality of one who loved the 
 happiness of all, and whose own heart was light with innocence. 
 Ill-health, or a sensitive nature, or both, occasionally gave him 
 an air of weariness, and he was never, perhaps, distinguished
 
 JOHN W. BROWNE. 4!> 
 
 for that flow of buoyant spirits which comes of animal vigor, 
 great hopefulness, and indifference to the little mishaps of life. 
 Still, he never spoke of any private grief, and never obtruded 
 on his friends any personal unhappiness, or pain of mind or 
 body. His delicate and considerate kindness forbade him to 
 share his own private burdens with others, but he strengthened 
 himself and lightened his load, as the noble unselfishness of 
 good hearts always strives to do, by the inspirations of sympathy 
 with others, and love for his neighbor. 
 
 For twelve or fourteen years our mutual habit of residing at 
 Hingham through the summer, and of being fellow-passengers 
 on the steam-boat plying thither, night and morning; the pur- 
 suits which we had in common, both professional and otherwise ; 
 and the great attraction I found in his character, and the charms 
 of his refined and cultivated understanding, led me to an in- 
 timacy of acquaintance with him such as I think has never 
 existed between myself and any other man. It is this which 
 has led me to speak of him now; and though those of us who 
 were in the near presence of his influence may never realize 
 more keenly than at this moment, when the turf is still green 
 over his head, how much his unselfish example, his unbeclouded 
 sense of Truth and Right, and his unambitious philosophy, 
 made him to us ; yet when I reflect on the inadequacy of words 
 to portray any man, and on my own unfitness to comprehend, 
 even more to describe, this one, I feel that those who knew him 
 will scarcely recognize the original, and that those who did 
 not know him will never learn much of him from what is 
 written. 
 
 Perhaps the most prominent and striking feature of his 
 moral nature was his genuine honesty with himself. If he was 
 meek, yet he was terribly bold when truth demanded. And his 
 courage began at home. He always accused and tried himself 
 before he denounced any other man. Hence flowed a sense of 
 freedom, — a self-emancipation, — which liberated him from 
 the thousand bonds which hamper men who are constrained by 
 the necessities of pretence and sham. This also cleared his 
 mental vision and his perception of moral distinctions, — so 
 that he walked in the green pastures and beside the still-waters
 
 50 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 of a life obedient to the precepts of a sincere heart and a 
 transparent intellect. 
 
 His conversation was the best I ever heard. It was above 
 pretension. It was not ornate, nor brilliant, nor witty, nor 
 learned. But it was the wisest talk coming from the clearest 
 insight and the truest purpose to know the Truth and to 
 declare it simply. It was not narrow nor one-sided ; but cath- 
 olic, generous, comprehensive. It was not barbed nor paradox- 
 ical, like that of most fine talkers, but it was toned down to 
 gentle harmony with all the good he knew or believed, and was 
 restrained by the just respect he felt for every sincere conviction 
 of others. 
 
 He was not a man of extensive reading, — not a cormorant 
 of books. He read much in good books, not from curiosity, 
 but for reflection ; and he knew the best thought of the past 
 and of his own time, while for the great miscellaneous mass of 
 literature with which most of us divert ourselves at least occa- 
 sionally, he had no taste; and he spent no time upon it. 
 
 In religion he was bound by no formalities. He was as free 
 in his creed as the morning bird ; but he was guided by solemn 
 convictions, was profoundly devout, and lived in the constant 
 sense of the providence and love of God. 
 
 He was progressive in his practical philosophy, — not 
 destructive, but hopeful and constructive. He could not 
 excuse what he felt to be wrong, but he knew how, for right- 
 eousness' sake, to be patient with the wrong-doer. But when 
 sometimes the pent-up energies of his emotion burst from 
 restraint under the pressure of the sight of some unwonted or 
 surprising injustice, his words would fall like burning stones 
 from volcanic fires. 
 
 As a lawyer he was patient and faithful. His learning was 
 exact and symmetrical, and whenever the solid ground of 
 established principle could be reached his judgment was as 
 sound as his logic was unerring. In artificial rules, not 
 founded on apparent reason, he had little interest, and an 
 adjudication of the law against natural justice he regarded as 
 an absolute abomination. 
 
 The domestic life of our friend it is not for any one to pene-
 
 JOHN W. BROWNE. 51 
 
 trate. Those, only, who in losing him have lost husband, father, 
 or brother, can nearest realize how genuine a man he was. In 
 the sacred closeness of these relations he found the most 
 celestial happiness which a terrestrial experience can know. 
 
 A noble and manly life has closed on earth. Its last few 
 days were more than usually serene and cheerful; and the pre- 
 vailing character of their thoughts and aspirations is beautifully 
 portrayed in the following lines, 1 found in his pocket-book 
 after his death. Less than a week before, while walking with 
 their author over the pasture-lands around his native town, he 
 had repeated them with a fervor and pathos which will live in 
 the hearer's memory forever : — 
 
 Wilt Thou not visit me? 
 The plant beside me feels Thy gentle dew; 
 
 And every blade of grass I see 
 From Thy deep earth its quickening moisture drew. 
 
 Wilt Thou not visit me? 
 Thy morning calls on me with cheering tone ; 
 
 And every hill and tree 
 Lend but one voice, the voice of Thee alone. 
 
 Come, for I need Thy love 
 More than the flower the dew, or grass the rain; 
 
 Come, gently as Thy holy dove, 
 And let me in Thy sight rejoice to live again. 
 
 I will not hide from them 
 When Thy storms come, though fierce may be their wrath, 
 
 But bow with leafy stem, 
 And strengthened, follow on Thy chosen path. 
 
 Yes, Thou wilt visit me ; 
 Nor plant nor tree Thine eye delight so well 
 
 As when from sin set free 
 My spirit loves with Thine in peace to dwell. 
 
 1 From " Essays and Poems," by Jones Very. Boston : 1839. Page 175.
 
 52 IN MEM OR I AM. 
 
 ANTI-SLAVERY RESOLUTION AND EXTRACT FROM THE 
 SPEECH OF WENDELL PHILLIPS. 
 
 In the New England Anti-Slavery Convention at Boston, 
 May 31, i860, the following resolution was adopted; after pre- 
 senting which, Mr. Wendell Phillips made the remarks which 
 are subjoined : — 
 
 Resolved, That in the death of our beloved friend and fellow-laborer, John 
 W. Browne, the anti-slavery cause has lost a most uncompromising and 
 devoted friend, — one who gave to it the aid of strong original powers and the 
 most liberal culture ; the example of a life of rare simplicity, and of the most 
 scrupulous and delicate conscientiousness, — a spirit of self-sacrifice, and a 
 rigid adherence to absolute right at every cost, — a peculiar sweetness and 
 openness of conduct, which won the attention and regard of those who most 
 hated his opinions, and a hand only too generous in lavishing aid on every 
 applicant; in him, the cause of woman, of the poor, the intemperate, the im- 
 prisoned, and of the slave, lost a ripe intellect, a brave, loving, and religious 
 spirit, a vigilant and untiring friend, — one who spared neither time, money, 
 nor effort, and in the path of duty asked no counsel of expediency, met cheer- 
 fully every sacrifice, paused at no peril, and feared not the face of man. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, you will not, of course, expect me — no one 
 would be expected — to analyze a near friend in the very hour 
 fae dies. That would be a 'cold heart, fit only for a critic, 
 who, in the very hour that he lost one who had made a large 
 share of his life, could hold him off, and take all his separate 
 qualities to pieces, and paint them in words. We are too near, 
 we love too much, to perform such an office to each other. 
 Now, at least, all we can do is to call up some few prominent 
 traits that have been forced upon our observation as we walked 
 side by side with those who have worked and lived with us. 
 
 Very few of you knew that most efficient friend named in the 
 resolution I have read ; yet, though hidden, he was no slight or 
 trivial servant to the great cause. The purest of all human 
 hearts, — but not, as is sometimes the case with that rare and 
 childlike simplicity, a merely negative character; for he
 
 JOH.V IV. BROIVXR. 53 
 
 graduated at Harvard in the same class, and was linked as 
 a room-mate, and nearest and most intimate friend, with one 
 whose intellect is the admiration of millions, — our Senator, 
 Mr. Sumner; and he was thought by many, indeed by most, 
 of those who stood at the goal of collegiate reputation, the 
 most original and ablest intellect which that class gave to the 
 world. In the bloom of youth, in the freshness of a rare suc- 
 cess in his profession, he placed himself on this platform in the 
 mob years of the anti-slavery enterprise, when to speak an anti- 
 slavery word was starvation, when to hold up an anti-slavery 
 banner was political suicide. Yet, the most promising lawyer 
 in the county of Essex, dowered with the love of the Whig 
 party of that county, he came to this platform with that uncon- 
 scious fidelity to truth which is incapable of asking first what is 
 expedient. I remember well what checked his political ad- 
 vancement, and it suggests one of the great comforts in this 
 life of a reformer. After all the seeming sacrifices (for they 
 are only seeming) and the hard struggles which are said to 
 mark our lives, we are the happiest of the human race, for God 
 gives us this, the greatest of all rewards. As we move onward 
 society shapes itself according to our ideas; we see about us 
 the growing proof, the ever fresh and green evidence, that we 
 were right ten years before. Conservatism creeps on, discon- 
 tented, distrustful, timid, thinking that when you have swept 
 away the cobwebs the roof is coming down, sighing for the 
 good old times, anxious to hide in its grave from the ruin and 
 wickedness it sees all about ; but Reform walks onward, its 
 buoyant forehead lit with the twilight of the coming day, and 
 crying, " All hail ! my brother ! I saw you in my dreams ! 
 Thank God that he gave me life long enough to see you set 
 jocund foot on the misty mountain-tops of the morrow ! " 
 
 Leaving politics, Mr. Browne, with his characteristic sim- 
 plicity of character and unconsciousness of talent, deemed him- 
 self unfit for the task which others were read)' to press upon 
 him. He said to me once, I remember, when I urged him to 
 come to this platform, and let us hear again the voice which 
 had delighted us so often, "I ought not to be there; there is 
 nothing in me worthy to stand there ; I am shamed away from
 
 54 IN MEM OKI AM. 
 
 such a post." Yet the best judge in New England called him 
 " the most pregnant talker he ever met." And never was a de- 
 mand, of whatever character, made upon him, to which he did 
 not respond with an alacrity and efficiency which showed how 
 mistaken was his own judgment, and how much wiser he would 
 have been to have yielded to our entreaties, and have led where 
 he only consented to follow. 
 
 You who remember him, so calm, self-poised, and still in 
 manner, speaking in measured words, one by one, saw only 
 half his nature. By constitution his blood was lava, and his 
 soul thundered and lightened at the sight of wrong, especially 
 at any meanly base act. Indeed, " thunder and lightning " 
 was the pet name he bore among his classmates. But, side by 
 side with this volcano stood, sleepless and watchful, the most 
 delicate and scrupulous conscientiousness, — too delicate, per- 
 haps, for daily life. When plunged, therefore, into our fierce 
 agitation he doubted whether he was justified in the hot 
 moments and floods of feeling which such contention let loose 
 on his spirit. It seemed to him his duty, the best part and 
 purest, to keep the waters of his life calm and still beneath the 
 stars that looked into their depths. Such convictions, how- 
 ever, never made him either an idler or a neutral. His flag 
 was nailed to the mast; no man ever mistook his position. 
 Beneath that flag was so high-souled and transparent a life 
 that none could hate or doubt the bearer. His professional 
 skill, the very best our bar possessed, was freely given to 
 every poor man. Never rich, his hand was ever open. No- 
 where did he fear the face of man ; and, as much as our nature 
 can, he surely kept a conscience void of offence towards his 
 fellows, and a soul pure in the sight of God. Patient of labor, 
 in that little heeded and hidden toil so indispensable to every 
 reform he was ever ready. Many of us stood here dowered 
 with the result of his toil ; ' many of us brought to you his ripe 
 thoughts, which his own lip and his own life would have given 
 so much better; and when he fell, I, for one, felt lonelier and 
 weaker in my place in this world and its battle. There are 
 very few men so true to friendship, so loyal, so untiring, that 
 you feel, in closing your eyes, " I leave one behind me who
 
 JOHN W. BROWNE. 55 
 
 will see that over my grave no malicious lie goes unrebuked, 
 and that justice is done to my intentions." I always felt that 
 if Providence should take me first, there was a voice and a 
 hand which thirty years of tried and stanch friendship would 
 place as a shelter over my memory. Would to God I could 
 do him to-day half the justice that his sword would have 
 leapt from its scabbard to do for me ! 
 
 REMARKS BY JAMES DANA, AT A MEETING OF THE CLASS 
 
 OF 183O. 
 
 And doubtless unto thee is given 
 
 A life that bears immortal fruit 
 In such great offices as suit 
 
 The full-grown energies of heaven. 
 
 But thou and I have shaken hands 
 
 Till growing winters lay me low; 
 My paths are in the fields I know, 
 
 And thine in undiscovered lands. 
 
 Tennyson. 
 
 On the evening of Commencement Day, July 18, i860, after 
 the conclusion of the exercises at Cambridge, a meeting of the 
 class of 1830 was held at the Tremont House, in Boston, when 
 Mr. Dana made the subjoined remarks : — 
 
 I trust that some of the class will give us information of the 
 life of our late classmate and esteemed and lamented friend, 
 Browne. 
 
 You recollect him in college as acknowledged to be one of the 
 most able and talented of our number. You recollect the deci- 
 sion which marked his character; his courage and daring; his 
 manly bearing; his high sense of honor, and his impetuous 
 temperament. You recollect his recitations and his beautiful 
 rendering of the classics. An earnest spirit was infused into all
 
 56 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 he said or did. He graduated, as you know, in rank very near 
 to our other departed friend who received the highest honors 
 of the class. 1 
 
 He did not have many intimate associates, for he then com- 
 prehended the true aims of life, and was a diligent general 
 student, as well as faithful in the college course of study. 
 
 Perhaps he was not popular, in the college sense of the word ; 
 but all who knew him respected him. 
 
 During one of our vacations he taught school in my native 
 town of Groton, and then I had the pleasure of meeting him at 
 my father's house. He told me that he found teaching a village 
 school anything but congenial. 
 
 After we graduated I did not meet him until he had com- 
 menced the practice of law in the eastern part of the city of 
 Lynn, in what is known as the Quaker Village, where he pos- 
 sessed the confidence and esteem of the citizens, and soon 
 acquired a more than respectable position at the bar, his friends 
 anticipating a brilliant professional career; but after a few years 
 I heard that he had essentially changed his views of life, its 
 duties and obligations, and had decided to relinquish the 
 practice of his profession. 
 
 Some time afterward he resumed practice in this city, and 
 when we met how changed from what he was in college ! His 
 spirit seemed subdued ; he was modest and gentle as a woman. 
 His manner was quiet, sometimes seeming timid. He was kind 
 and friendly. We had little political sympathy, but that did 
 not diminish our friendship, and he greeted me almost as a 
 brother. We frequently met in our professional walks, and our 
 association was most agreeable. 
 
 He did not try many cases before juries. He was quite 
 equal to it; but he did not find the sharp and sometimes almost 
 angry conflicts of jury-trials congenial to his temperament. He 
 was an eminent lawyer, and fitted to adorn any branch of his 
 profession ; but he preferred its quiet walks, and more than one 
 of his clients has borne witness to me of his ability, his stern 
 integrity, and his fidelity to all trusts committed to him. 
 
 'Judge Thomas Hopkinson, deceased 1856.
 
 JOHN W. BROWNE. 0< 
 
 REMARKS BY CHARLES SUMNER. 
 i860. 
 
 II n'v a que les grands occurs qui sachent combien il y a de gloire a 6tre 
 bon. Fenelon. 
 
 I should feel unhappy if this little book of tribute to my 
 early friend were allowed to appear without a word from me. 
 We were classmates in college, and for two out of the four 
 years of undergraduate life we were chums. We were also 
 together in the Law School. Perhaps no person now alive 
 knew him better during all this period. Separated afterwards 
 by the occupations of the world, I saw him only at intervals, 
 though our friendship continued unbroken to the end, and when 
 we met it was always with the warmth and confidence of our 
 youthful relations. 
 
 Of all my classmates I think that he gave, in college, the 
 largest promise of future eminence, mingled, however, with an 
 uncertainty whether the waywardness of genius might not be- 
 tray him. None then imagined that the fiery nature, nursed 
 upon the study of Byron, and delighting always to talk of his 
 poetry and life, would be tamed to the modest ways which he 
 afterward adopted. The danger seemed to be that, like his 
 prototype, he would break loose from social life, and follow the 
 bent of a lawless ambition, or at least plunge with passion into 
 the strifes of the world. His earnestness at this time sometimes 
 bordered on violence, and in all his opinions he was a partisan. 
 But he was already a thinker as well as a reader, and expressed 
 himself with accuracy and sententious force. Voice harmonizes 
 with character ; and his then was too apt to be ungentle and 
 loud. 
 
 They who have only known him latterly will be surprised at 
 this glimpse of him in early life. Indeed, a change so complete 
 in sentiment, manner, and voice, as took place in him, I have 
 never known. It seemed like one of those instances in Chris-
 
 58 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 tian story where a man of violence is softened suddenly into a 
 saintly character. I do not exaggerate in the least. So much 
 have I been impressed by it at times that I could hardly believe 
 in his personal identity, and I have recalled the good Fra Cris- 
 tofero, in the exquisite romance of " Manzoni," to prove that the 
 simplest life of unostentatious goodness may succeed to a youth 
 hot with passion of all kinds. 
 
 To me, who knew him so well in his other moods, it was 
 touching in the extreme to note this change. Listening to his 
 voice, now so gentle and low, while he conversed on the duties 
 of life, and with perfect simplicity revealed his own abnegation 
 of worldly ambition, I have been filled with reverence. At 
 these times his conversation was peculiar and instructive. He 
 had thought for himself, and expressed what he said with all his 
 native force refined by a new-born sweetness of soul, which 
 would have commended sentiments even of less intrinsic inter- 
 est. I saw how, in the purity of his nature, he turned aside 
 from riches and from ambition of all kinds, and contented him- 
 self with a tranquil existence, undisturbed by any of those 
 temptations which promised once to exercise such sway over 
 him. But his opinions, while uttered with modesty, were 
 marked by the hardihood of an original thinker, showing that 
 in him 
 
 " the gods had joined 
 The mildest manners and the bravest mind." 
 
 His early renunciation of office, — opening the way to a 
 tempting political career, — when formally tendered to him, is 
 almost unique. This was as long ago as 1838, while he was 
 yet a young man ; and here his sagacity seemed to be as 
 remarkable as his principles. At that early day, when the two 
 old political parties had been little criticised, he announced that 
 their strife was " occasional and temporary, and that both had 
 forgotten or overlooked the great principle of equal liberty for 
 all, upon which a free government must rest as its only true and 
 safe basis." He then proceeded to dissolve his connection with 
 parties, in words worthy of perpetual memory: "I disconnect 
 myself from party, " he said, " whose iron grasp holds hard
 
 JOHN IV. BROWNE. 59 
 
 even upon the least of us, and mean in my little sphere, as a 
 private individual, to serve what seems to me the cause of the 
 country and humanity. I cannot place currency above liberty. 
 I cannot place money above man. I cannot fight heartily for the 
 Whigs and against their opponents, when I feel that whichever 
 shall be the victorious party the claims of humanity will be 
 forgotten in the triumph, and that the rights of the slave may be 
 crushed beneath the advancing hosts of the victors." No 
 better words than these have been uttered in our political his- 
 tory. In this spirit, and with his unquestionable abilities, he 
 might well have acted an important part in the growing conflict 
 with slavery. But his love of retreat grew also, and he shrank 
 completely from all the activities of political life. There was 
 nothing that was not within his reach ; but he could not be 
 tempted. 
 
 I cannot disguise that at times I was disposed to criticise 
 this retreat, as suggesting too closely the questionable philoso- 
 phy concentrated in the phrase, Bene vixit qui bene latnit. 
 But as often as I came within the sphere of his influence and 
 felt the simple beauty of his life, — while I saw how his soul, 
 like the sensitive leaf, closed at the touch of the world, — I was 
 willing to believe that he had chosen wisely for himself, or, at 
 all events, that his course was founded on a system deliberately 
 adopted, upon which even an early friend like myself must not 
 intrude. Having always the greatest confidence in his re- 
 sources, intellectual as well as moral, I was never without hope 
 that in some way he would make his mark upon his country and 
 his age. If he has not done this he has at least left an example 
 precious to all who knew him.
 
 THEODORE W. SNOW. 
 
 18 1 — 1862. 
 
 BY HIS WIFE, SUSAN F. SNOW, OF JAMAICA PLAIN, MASS. 
 
 THEODORE WILLIAM SNOW, born in Boston, Dec. 
 20, 1 8 10; died at Jamaica Plain, Nov. I (All-Saints-Day), 
 1872. 
 His father, Gideon Snow, was an early and very honored 
 merchant of Boston, who in his youth was intimate in the 
 family of Washington at Mount Vernon, " ever a welcome 
 guest," as one of the descendants expresses it, and this he 
 always held as a family honor. On his mother's side he be- 
 longed to the Barrell family. 
 
 In an obituary notice voluntarily contributed at the time of 
 his death by Rev. Dr. Knights, he says: "Mr. Snow was edu- 
 cated at the Latin School, Boston ; graduated at Harvard 
 University, A.D. 1830. In early life he was Unitarian in his 
 theology, but soon attached himself to the Episcopal Church, 
 and became an earnest champion of the doctrines, discipline, 
 and worship of that Church. He was a scholarly man; full of 
 geniality; a thorough hater of cant; denounced hypocrisy with 
 unsparing severity, and sustained the right against all oppres- 
 sion in defence of the weak, and was true in friendship as the 
 needle to the pole. He had retired from the active duties 
 of the ministry on account of a throat difficulty, but held the 
 office of the Bishop's chaplain for the examination of can- 
 didates for Orders by appointment of Bishop Eastburn. Mr. 
 Snow was the last clergyman at the side of Bishop Eastburn's
 
 THEODORE IV. SNOW. 61 
 
 dying bed, read the " commendatory prayer," and was appointed 
 one of the executors of the bishop's will. 
 
 He was one of six classmates of Harvard University (one- 
 eighth of the class), who became clergymen of the Church. 
 The first exercise of his ministry was in the diocese of Con- 
 necticut. In 1839 he became rector of Grace Church, New 
 Bedford, which he resigned in 1841. In 1843 he became 
 itinerant missionary in the southern part of the diocese of 
 Massachusetts, and inaugurated a church at Plymouth. In 1847 
 he became rector of St. Thomas' Church, Taunton, where he 
 labored till 1855, at which period he considered himself inca- 
 pacitated for further pastoral duty, and resigned his parish. 
 
 A memorial window in the new St. Thomas' Church, placed 
 there by attached parishioners, consecrates his name. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Babcock wrote as follows: "Mr. Snow, without 
 large personal ambitions, had qualities of mind and will that 
 could have lifted him to almost any position in the Church. 
 He was a scholar in all classical and theological lore, thought 
 deeply, spoke boldly, acted wisely, feared no man, sought favor 
 of none. But for a bronchial trouble he would have had that 
 eminence in the councils of the Church that had' secured for 
 him a name among our most distinguished writers and preachers. 
 Nor is this said as mere laudation. The writer knew him 
 in his school-days, his college career, in his ministry, in his 
 study, in his household, in public assemblies, in diocesan con- 
 ventions, in the socialities of life." 
 
 It seems pleasant to close with these few lines by the Rev. 
 Dr. Wildes, and thus tell the story of his life in the words of 
 three valued friends : — 
 
 THEODORE WILLIAM SNOW. 
 {From Church and State.) 
 
 O Friend and Brother in that loved estate 
 
 Of servants for the sake of Christ our Lord ! 
 Scarce spent thy prime, yet chosen still to wait 
 
 As they who stand, unfailing their reward; 
 True-hearted as to Christ, so in the tie 
 
 That binds his Brotherhood; the cheery face, 
 The genial hand-grasp, and the easy grace 
 
 Of gentleman — not less, in Christ's employ,
 
 62 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 These consecrated, serve his gracious will — 
 These thine, O friend of many years ! and thine 
 
 Bold in the faith, with loving deed to fill 
 The measure of thine office. Thus I twine 
 
 My wreath memorial mid the years' decay 
 And trust to meet thee at the Eternal Day.
 
 JOHN ODIN. 
 1808— 1864. 
 
 BY HIS KINSMAN, SAMUEL F. McCLEARY, OF BOSTON. 
 
 JOHN ODIN, the son of John Odin and Harriet Tyng Wal- 
 ter, was born in Hanover street, Boston, on January 
 16, 1808. His father was a very successful merchant of 
 the old school, and his mother was a daughter of the Rev. 
 William Walter, D.D., who was rector of Christ and Trinity 
 churches in Boston. After receiving the necessary preliminary 
 education he entered the Public Latin School in 1820, but he 
 was, in 1822, transferred by his father to Phillips Academy, 
 Andover, where his preparatory collegiate studies were com- 
 pleted. He entered Harvard College in 1826, and was gradu- 
 ated in 1830. 
 
 Upon leaving college he proposed to adopt the practice of 
 medicine for his profession. He studied with the late John C. 
 Warren, M.D., for two and a half years, and received his medi- 
 cal degree from Harvard College in 1833. During this period 
 he joined the Independent Company of Cadets, and was made 
 a sergeant of corps. Subsequently he was appointed surgeon 
 of the Third Regiment of Infantry. In 1832 and 1833 he was 
 house surgeon in the Massachusetts General Hospital. By_ 
 attention and industry he soon attracted to himself a large num- 
 ber of patients, and became a very successful practitioner. 
 
 His nature was very gentle and his bearing always courteous. 
 His warm sympathies for the poor, with whom he was brought 
 often into contact, led him to take so deep an interest in the 
 children of his neighborhood that he was appointed in 1841 a
 
 64 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 member of the Primary School Committee, which was his first 
 introduction into public life. This position he acceptably filled 
 until 1853. In 1852 his constituents in Ward 9 sent him to the 
 Common Council, to which office he was again chosen in 1854. 
 His capacity for public life was so manifestly conspicuous that 
 he was also elected a member of the House of Representatives 
 in 1850, and again in 185 1 and 1853. In his public career he 
 continued to exhibit such sympathy and interest for his unfortu- 
 nate fellow-citizens in poverty and distress that he attracted the 
 attention of Governor John H. Clifford, who appointed him, in 
 1853, one of the Inspectors of the State Prison, which position 
 he occupied for two years, with constant and earnest fidelity. 
 
 Dr. Odin made, in 1842, an extended journey through Europe 
 for the benefit of his health, which an excessive attention to his 
 duties had seriously impaired. 
 
 In 1839 he married Ann F., daughter of James W. Vose, a 
 well-known merchant of this city. His wife died July 19, 1850. 
 Dr. Odin afterwards married Louise Hayward, another daughter 
 of James W. Vose, on August 6, 185 1. The issue of these 
 marriages was one son and five daughters. Four of these 
 children died quite young, and two daughters only now survive 
 (1883). With them the name of Odin, distinguished through 
 four generations, will be extinct. 
 
 Dr. Odin died in 1864, at the age of fifty-six.
 
 SAMUEL PITTS. 
 1810 — 1868. 
 
 BY DANIEL GOODWIN, JR., OF CHICAGO, WHO MARRIED 
 HIS DAUGHTER. 
 
 SAMUEL PITTS was born April 17, 18 10, at Fort Preble, 
 Me. His father was at the time Major of the United 
 States Light Artillery, and in command of Fort Preble. 
 Major Pitts was called away from his wife and children in 
 1812, to take part in the war with England, and was in the 
 battle of French Mills, Schuyler's field, and in many of the 
 skirmishes along the northern frontier. After the war, Major 
 Pitts retired from the army and spent some years in Augusta, 
 Me., where his son Samuel attended school. He then ac- 
 cepted an appointment in the custom-house at Boston under 
 Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn, and resided at Cambridgeport. Here 
 Samuel Pitts prepared for college, and lived until completing 
 his university course and a course of legal instruction under 
 Judge Story. Soon after graduation Mr. Pitts removed to 
 Detroit, in the then Territory of Michigan, ajid was accom- 
 panied by his classmate and intimate friend, Franklin Sawyer. 
 He entered the law office of Gen. Charles Larned, and, upon 
 the death of that gentleman, succeeded to his business and 
 acted as his executor and the guardian of his children. He 
 practised law for about twelve years, and was part of that time 
 in partnership with John G. Atterbury, and was at times asso- 
 ciated with Mr. Sawyer and Jacob M. Howard, afterward L T nited 
 States senator. Mr. Pitts was an ardent Whig, and acted as 
 associate editor of the Detroit Daily Advertiser, and con-
 
 66 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 tributed with pen and voice to the success of his party, being 
 for two years its leading editorial writer. A victim to dyspepsia 
 and hampered by constitutional defect of hearing, he resolved, 
 about 1843, to abandon his profession for more active pursuits, 
 and embarked in the business of buying pine lands and manu- 
 facturing lumber and salt. His first efforts were discouraging, 
 losing his mills and all his capital by fire. His friends rallied 
 to his assistance, and offered him, without security and without 
 interest, all the capital necessary for a new start, and, after 
 years of vicissitudes, he triumphed over all obstacles and 
 amassed a comfortable fortune. He was for more than thirty 
 years a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Detroit, 
 and continued so until his death, in 1868. His pastor for most 
 of that time was the Rev. Dr. George Duffield, who married 
 Isabella Graham Bethune, and his relations with and assistance 
 to his pastor and church were always cordial and generous, and 
 his general benevolence was marked and untiring. 
 
 Mr. Pitts married, in 1836, Sarah Merrill, daughter of Joshua 
 Merrill and Elizabeth Bradford, the last named being a descend- 
 ant of Governor William Bradford, John Alden, and Priscilla 
 Mullins, of the Mayflower. 
 
 Mr. Pitts' American ancestors were peculiarly identified with 
 Harvard University and Boston, and he delighted to talk about 
 their history. His great grandfather, James Pitts, was a gradu- 
 ate in the class of 1 73 1 , just ninety-nine years before him; 
 was for many years a member of the King's Council, and an 
 ardent patriot; was named by Franklin in conjunction with 
 Bowdoin, Winthrop, Cooper, and Chauncey, as the only men to 
 whom the Hutahinson letters should be exhibited. He was 
 also commended by John Adams to General Washington, when 
 Washington first went to Cambridge, as one of the Bostonians 
 " whose judgment and integrity could be most relied on." 
 
 His brother, Thomas Pitts, graduated in the class of 1726. 
 His son, John Pitts, graduated in the class of 1757, and married 
 the only child of Judge Tyng, who graduated in the class of 
 1725. Another son, Lendall, was one of the leaders of the tea 
 party in 1773. Mr. James Pitts' wife, Elizabeth, was a sister of 
 Gov. James Bowdoin, of the class of 1745, and of Win. Bowdoin,
 
 SAMUEL PITTS. 67 
 
 of the class of 1735. Pitts Hall, of the class of 1747, was a 
 nephew of James Pitts. Lendall Pitts Cazeaux, of the class of 
 1844, was a descendant of Lendall Pitts, leader of the tea party. 
 Robert C. Winthrop, of the class of 1828, is descended from 
 James Bowdoin, and also from the Lindalls. 
 
 Mr. Samuel Pitts, the subject of this sketch, left one son, 
 Thomas, of Detroit, and four daughters, — Julia, who married 
 Thomas Cranage, of Bay City, Mich. ; Frances, who married 
 Henry M. Duffield, of Detroit, of the class of 1861 of Williams 
 College; Caroline, who married Henry B. Brown, of Detroit, of 
 the class of 1856 of Yale College, and who studied law at 
 Harvard in the class of i860; Isabella, who married Daniel 
 Goodwin, of Chicago, of the class of 1852 of Hamilton College. 
 There are now living eight grandsons, several of whom intend 
 to graduate at Harvard, and two grand-daughters. 
 
 Mr. Pitts died at Detroit, April 26, 1868, after enduring many 
 years of miserable health, but having accomplished a noble 
 work and leaving a reputation and example of priceless value 
 to his family and relations, and of great benefit to the public 
 and honorable to the University, which he loved while he lived. 
 
 In person he was above the medium height, and had a stout 
 and erect frame, a finely-shaped head with curly hair, large 
 and expressive blue eyes, and a rich and musical voice. His 
 manners were cordial, but dignified. He was a fine speaker, a 
 remarkably good reader, and his conversation was full of 
 interest to all who were capable of relishing either wit or 
 wisdom. 
 
 Mr. Pitts' portrait was painted in oil by Cole, of Portland, 
 and by Stanley, of Detroit, and a life-size crayon made by 
 Frederick E. Wright, of Boston.
 
 JOSEPH LYMAN. 
 1*74. 
 
 BY C. T. B. 
 
 FAVORED through life with Mr. Lyman's friendship, we 
 desire to add our tribute of respect to the simple an- 
 nouncement of his decease. He was the eldest son of 
 Judge Lyman, of Northampton, Mass., by a second marriage. 
 His mother was a daughter of Lieutenant-Governor Robbins, 
 of our State. All his early days were passed at his own home 
 or at the hospitable residence of his maternal grandfather, 
 Brush Hill, Milton. He prepared for college at the celebrated 
 Round-Hill School of his native town, and under the special 
 tutorship of Jonathan Chapman, afterwards mayor of Boston. 
 He entered Harvard at the age of fourteen, a bright and beauti- 
 ful boy, of genial spirit and gracious manners, and with bound- 
 less buoyancy and irrepressible activity, auguring a much busier 
 career than that which awaited him under the Divine Providence. 
 Graduating in 1830, a good scholar of a distinguished class, 
 our young friend entered the Cambridge Law School. Early 
 in his second year at this school he was thrown from a chaise, 
 and sustained internal injuries which consigned him for several 
 months to the hospital, and subsequently withdrew him alto- 
 gether from the scenes of active life. His law studies were 
 finished in the office of the late Charles G. Loring. He em- 
 barked in the practice of his profession, first as an associate 
 with William Emerson, in New York, and next in his own name, 
 alone, in our city. Both terms were brief. Greater activity 
 and a wider sphere appeared to offer themselves in agencies
 
 JOSEPH LYMAN. (It) 
 
 among the pine forests of Georgia and Florida or the coal-fields 
 of Pennsylvania or the great West. Health and strength con- 
 tinued, however, to fail, and eventually constrained him to 
 retreat to the solitude of a sick-chamber. Before wholly retir- 
 ing to it he gave three years to the interests of freedom in 
 Kansas and three more to the preparation of Theodore Parker's 
 writings, after his death, for the press; six years of application, 
 industry, and faithfulness, triumphant over every infirmity, and 
 pregnant with a spirit above all self-seeking aims. The re- 
 mainder of his days were to wear away in seclusion from the 
 world. His books became his chief, his constant companions. 
 His selection of them was dictated by the drift of contempo- 
 raneous history. A revolution in France, a revolt in India, a 
 struggle between powers abroad or parties at home, would 
 gather the papers, the volumes, the charts connected with it 
 before him, and diligently would he draw from them all the 
 information he required or they possessed. His favorite studies 
 were those of social science in all its departments. Long before 
 our community was accustomed to its name, Mr. Lyman had 
 proved himself one of its most devoted and successful votaries. 
 Every one seeking him in his seclusion was struck with his fresh 
 familiarity with passing events and his complete command of 
 any field whereon human interests were for the hour at stake. 
 In England, upon one of his repeated visits to the Old World 
 in behalf of the enterprises of the New, he purchased a full set 
 of Hansard's parliamentary debates, and was ever after mofe 
 conversant with their contents, probably, than any other Ameri- 
 can reader. He found his return in the light which they shed 
 upon many of the most momentous questions and movements 
 of the age in our own country or over the whole globe, as 
 well as in Great Britain. He prized such volumes as he did 
 his law-books, always, for their clear statements, careful reason- 
 ing, and definite decisions, — qualities pervading all his own 
 reading, research, and conclusions. Thorough, exact, honest 
 himself, he could not tolerate anything else, anything less in 
 books or in men. Few ever read men or books to a better end. 
 Conscious of the destiny, hopeful of the fortunes of our republic, 
 to him free inquiry, free thought, free speech, and free action
 
 70 IN MEMORTAM. 
 
 were of primal importance. And next in his scale of our 
 country's requirements stood education. Teachers were his 
 most welcome guests. He listened gladly to whatever they 
 could report of the progress or the improvement of their schools 
 or their pupils, and was ever ready with encouragement, advice, 
 suggestions, or any aid in his power to give. His sympathies, 
 strong from the first and strengthened by his own sufferings, 
 made him swift to feel for and sure to cheer and sustain others 
 in their trials. Friendliness was a marked feature of his char- 
 acter. No living friend was at any time forgotten. None of 
 the proofs of their remembrance of him, however trivial, were 
 received without emotion. While it was his delight to relieve 
 his solitary hours with recollections of departed ones, like 
 Charles C. Emerson, of his college days, their spirits still at- 
 tended his steps below, and awaited, he hoped, his reunion 
 with them on high. He treated all around him here, however 
 humble their sphere might be, with consideration and kindness, 
 awakening their respect and affection in return. He never for- 
 got the old-school manners of his early days, or failed to display, 
 in public or private, the courtesy of a Christian gentleman. 
 
 Patient, uncomplaining, cheerful even, under all his discipline, 
 he reposed confidingly in the consciousness of the goodness of 
 God. " It pleases him, — it shall please me too," was his filial 
 feeling; and, as the sun, after a clouded day, smiled upon the 
 rural cemetery where we mingled his ashes with his mother's 
 steeping form, was it not an omen that, for him, too, the veil 
 was lifted and the light was shining that knows no shading? 
 Milton's words, " They also serve who only stand and wait," 
 were often upon his lips. Earnestly he yearned, faithfully he 
 sought, to render them true of himself. The wish, the prayer, 
 the aim, were not in vain. His, we trust, was the recompense 
 of a well-ordered, well-spent life, well ended now. Mr. Lyman 
 married Susan Bulfinch, daughter of Joseph Coolidge, of 
 Boston. Two adopted daughters share in her bereavement. 
 No children were ever blessed with a better father. Equally 
 tender and true was he likewise to all who found his house their 
 home.
 
 RICHARD P. JENKS. 
 
 1806 — 1872. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, REV. EDGAR BUCKINGHAM. 
 
 RICHARD PULLING JENKS was born at Salem, Mass., 
 June 22, 1806. He was the son of John and Annis 
 (Pulling) Jenks. His parents, during his childhood, 
 were in wealthy circumstances. His father was engaged in 
 commerce with French and English ports, and he was the only 
 merchant at that time in Salem engaged in importing from 
 France and England. His dwelling-house was connected with 
 a large, fine garden, which, for a long time, was the pride of 
 neighbors and friends, and in it Richard acquired a taste and 
 skill in horticulture, which to the last remained as one of his 
 greatest pleasures. 
 
 Early in Richard's boyhood his father lost his property, and 
 soon after died. In consequence Richard was obliged to give 
 up his studies, which he had been pursuing in preparation for 
 college, and took a place in a store. After a few years one of 
 his relatives supplied him with the means of entering Harvard 
 College. After his graduation he went immediately to New 
 York and opened a private school, intending, after securing 
 sufficient means, to undertake the study of medicine, which was 
 the profession of his choice. Circumstances altered his deter- 
 mination. In 1833, his health failing, he made a voyage to 
 India, and, on his return, made another to the same country. 
 In 1837 he renewed his labors as a teacher. He was successful 
 and happy in his profession. Sons of several men of the high- 
 est literary and mercantile professions were committed to his
 
 72 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 charge, and in course of time sons of his earlier pupils were also 
 committed to him. In 1863, during the draft riots in New- 
 York, the block of buildings in which his school was situated 
 was burned, and he lost his household and school furniture and 
 a library of some thousands of volumns. The city refusing to 
 pay for damages, Mr. Jenks instituted a suit, and recovered the 
 whole of his demand. The lawyer who managed the suit for 
 the city complimented Mr. Jenks by saying it was a wholly 
 honest suit, and the only wholly honest demand he had known. 
 Mr. Jenks immediately resumed his profession as a teacher. 
 In 1868, owing to a failure in health, he withdrew from New 
 York and established himself in Deerfield, Mass., where he con- 
 tinued with private scholars from New York till his death, in 
 1872. In 1840 he married Miss Hannah Barnard, of Deerfield. 
 He had three children ; the oldest, John W., graduate of Colum- 
 bia College, died in 1861, in consequence of exposure during 
 the war of the secession. His daughter, Mary O., grew up to 
 a beautiful womanhood, and died, after long suffering, six 
 months before her father. His second son, Louis G., after a 
 mercantile career in New York, began to lose his health, and 
 took a ranche in Nebraska, where he still remains. The widow 
 resides in Deerfield. 
 
 We should state, what we have omitted to mention, that Mr. 
 Jenks' grandfather, Capt. John Pulling, was in Boston on the 
 evening before the battle of Lexington, and he it was who, with 
 his own hands, hung out the lantern from the church-tower 
 which signalled to Paul Revere the beginning of the movement 
 of the British troops, and started him upon that celebrated ride 
 of patriotism the immediate success of which foreboded the 
 downfall of the empire of George the Third over the United 
 Colonies of America.
 
 SAMUEL B. BABCOCK. 
 
 1807 — 1873. 
 
 BY HIS BROTHER, WILLIAM G. BABCOCK, OF BOSTON. 
 
 SAMUEL BRAZER BABCOCK was the oldest son of 
 Samuel Howe and Eliza (Brazer) Babcock, born in 
 Milton, Mass., Sept. 14, 1807, and died in October, 
 1873. He was educated at Milton Academy; English High 
 School, Boston; at Claremont, N.H., with Rev. Mr. Howe, an 
 Episcopal rector, and at Harvard University. 
 
 A graduate of 1830, he studied theology with Revs. Alonzo 
 Potter, Thos. W. Coit, and John H. Hopkins, and became 
 minister of St. Paul's Church, Dedham, in 1833. He was 
 married, in 1832, to Miss Emmeline Foxcroft, who survived him. 
 In 1870 he received from Columbia College, N.Y., and also 
 from Griswold College, Iowa, the degree of Doctor of Divinity. 
 
 His characteristics were cheerfulness, conscientiousness, and 
 constancy. His intellectual faculties were varied, bright, and 
 active. His industry was indefatigable. His heart was thor- 
 oughly imbued with professional zeal. He was the beloved 
 pastor of the same church for nearly fifty years, building it up 
 from a mere fossil ; not discouraged by opposition nor by 
 calamity. The beautiful temple, which, after twelve years of 
 fidelity, succeeded the old building of 1770, was destroyed by 
 fire ; but the glory of the one immediately erected upon its 
 ruins exceeded that of the former. Besides his remarkable 
 allegiance to his church and the diocese, especially to the 
 Society for the Relief of Aged and Indigent Clergymen, he was 
 an affectionate husband, a pleasant neighbor, a cultivator of the
 
 74 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 soil, an active promoter of public schools, and a highly esteemed 
 citizen. 
 
 Our alma mater may reckon him among her faithful and 
 deserving sons. 
 
 Although he and his wife were not parents, succeeding 
 generations have risen to call them blessed.
 
 ALBERT CLARKE PATTERSON. 
 1809 — 1874- 
 
 BY HIS SON, GEO. HERBERT PATTERSON, OF PROVIDENCE, R.I. 
 
 ALBERT CLARKE PATTERSON was born in Boston, 
 Mass., June 13, 1809, the sixth child and third son of 
 Enoch and Mary (Adams) Patterson. 
 
 The boy showed such aptitude for study that he was per- 
 mitted to enter the Boston Latin School in 1822, the same year 
 with Geo. S. Hillard, N. B. Shurtleff, and Wendell Phillips. 
 On completing the course he was the happy recipient of a 
 Franklin medal. 
 
 Becoming a member of the Harvard class of 1830 his scholar- 
 ship secured his election, in due course, into the Phi Beta 
 Kappa, and he had a part at Commencement. His personal 
 intimacies may be inferred from the style of his room-mates, 
 Charles Sumner and Samuel Brazer Babcock. 
 
 Immediately on graduation Mr. Patterson entered the Harvard 
 Divinity School, and during his three years there enjoyed the 
 particular friendship of Mr. Greenwood, pastor of King's 
 Chapel, Boston, to the degree of being often employed to assist 
 him in his services. He was also a great favorite with the Rev. 
 Dr. Henry Ware. 
 
 In 1833 he became the pastor of the First Unitarian Society, 
 of Buffalo, N.Y., and there had in his congregation such notable 
 men of the day as Millard Fillmore, Nathaniel K. Hall, and Noah 
 Paul Sprague. In 1837 ^ r - Patterson resigned his pastorate 
 and returned to Cambridge to pursue certain special theological 
 studies, which resulted in his retirement from the Unitarian
 
 76 IN MEM OKI AM. 
 
 ministry and in his application for Orders in the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church. 
 
 He was ordained deacon by Bishop Griswold, in Trinity 
 Church, Boston, and was called to the first rectorship of Grace 
 Church, Utica, N.Y., on the 19th of April, 1839. Failing health 
 compelled him to resign his parish, Feb. 27, 1843, and to devote 
 a year to convalescence at the South and elsewhere. 
 
 In 1844 he became assistant minister of St. Matthew's 
 Church, Jersey City, N.J., whence he was transferred to the 
 rectorship of Grace Church, Van Norst, now a part of Jersey 
 City, on its organization as a parish. 
 
 Unstable health compelled a change of climate and a return 
 to the vicinity of Boston. Bishop Eastburne appointed him 
 " Missionary of Boston and vicinity," and, while residing at 
 Dedham, Mass., his first work was the organization of the very 
 successful parish of Christ Church, Waltham, Mass., of which 
 he declined the rectorship. 
 
 In 1 85 1 Mr. Patterson become the rector of St. James 
 Church, Skaneateles, N.Y., when he removed to Buffalo in 
 1859, to assume the rectorship of the Church of the Ascen- 
 sion. Two years later he returned to the vicinity of Boston, 
 becoming rector of St. Mark's Church, Southborough, Mass. 
 
 In 1864 he removed to Forest Hills, Norfolk county, Mass., 
 residing there without a parochial cure till 1869, when he 
 again took up his residence in Buffalo, N.Y. He died in the 
 latter city on the 21st of October, 1874. 
 
 Mr. Patterson was a man of pronounced scholarly and 
 artistic tastes, with a special bent for history and architecture. 
 His skill in the latter department of art found ready acknowl- 
 edgment in the erection, enlargement, and decoration of the 
 churches of which he became rector. 
 
 Music was a life-long passion, and found gratification at 
 college in the direction of the chapel music. He was leader of 
 the Glee Club on the occasion of Gen. Jackson's visit to Har- 
 vard College. 
 
 Historical studies took Mr. Patterson specially into the 
 domain of Scottish ecclesiastical history, in which depart- 
 ment he left a large and carefully selected library. He was an
 
 ALBERT CLARKE PATTERSON. 11 
 
 enthusiastic member of the New England Historic Genealogical 
 Society. 
 
 The duties of a parish priest naturally limited the freedom 
 with which Mr. Patterson could indulge his tastes outside the 
 line of his special vocation. In his parochial ministrations he 
 enjoyed the hearty and cordial affection of his people, and his 
 rectorships have been honored by certain personal comments 
 of old-time parishioners which befit rather the intimacies of 
 personal life than the pages of a memoir for publication. 
 
 Mr. Patterson's appearance was a very fair indication of his 
 character. A spare form, of medium height, with the student's 
 inclination of shoulder, was graced by a head of decidedly 
 intellectual contour, and a face expressive of intelligence, 
 refinement, cultivation. 
 
 On the 7th of January, 1836, Mr. Patterson married Miss 
 Juliet Content Rathbone, the fifth child and second daughter of 
 Samuel Rathbone, Esq., of Buffalo, N.Y., who survives him, as 
 also an only son, the Rev. Geo. Herbert Patterson, rector of 
 the Berkeley School, Providence, R.I. An only daughter, Juliet 
 Clary Patterson, died Aug. 3, 1864. 
 
 Mr. Patterson was a brother of the late Enoch Patterson, 
 Esq., of the firm of Blake, Patterson, & Co. ; and of the late 
 Joseph VV. Patterson, of the firm of Almy, Patterson, & Co., 
 Boston and New York. Three sisters survive him and reside 
 in Boston.
 
 CHARLES SUMNER. 
 1811 — 1874. 
 
 BY ROBERT CARTER — FROM " APPLETON'S CYCLOPEDIA." 
 
 CHARLES SUMNER was born in Boston, Mass., January 
 6, 181 1 ; died in Washington, D.C., March 11, 1874. 
 His father, who died in 1839, was a graduate of Har- 
 vard College, a lawyer, and for fourteen years high-sheriff of 
 the county of Suffolk. The son received his early education 
 at the Boston Latin School. 
 
 He was appointed reporter of the Circuit Court of the United 
 States, in which capacity he published three volumes, known as 
 " Sumner's Reports," containing decisions of Judge Story. He 
 also, at the same time, edited the American Jurist, a quarterly 
 law journal of high reputation. During the first three winters 
 after his admission to the bar, while Judge Story was absent in 
 Washington, Mr. Sumner was appointed lecturer to the law 
 students, and part of the time he had sole charge of the school, 
 His favorite topics were those relating to constitutional law and 
 the law of nations. 
 
 He visited Europe in 1837, travelled in Italy, Germany, and 
 France, and resided for nearly a year in England. He carried 
 to England a letter of introduction from Judge Story, in which 
 he was described as " a young lawyer giving promise of the 
 most eminent distinction in his profession, with truly extraordi- 
 nary attainments, literary and judicial, and a gentleman of the 
 highest purity and propriety of character." He was received 
 with unusual distinction in the highest circles; was introduced 
 by eminent statesmen on the floor of the Houses of Parliament,
 
 CHARLES SUMNER. 79 
 
 and invited by the Judges to sit with them in Westminster 
 Hall. 
 
 He returned to Boston in 1840, and in 1844-6 published an 
 elaborate edition with annotations of " Vesey's Reports," in 
 twenty volumes. Though voting with the Whig party, he took 
 no active part in politics till 1845, when, on the 4th of July, he 
 pronounced before the municipal authorities of Boston an 
 oration on "The True Grandeur of Nations," in which, prompted 
 by the menacing aspect of affairs between the United States and 
 Mexico, he denounced the war system as the ordeal by battle 
 still unwisely continued by international law as the arbiter of 
 justice between nations, and insisted that this system ought to 
 give way to peaceful arbitration for the adjudication of interna- 
 tional questions. His oration attracted unusual attention, led to 
 much controversy, and was widely circulated both in America 
 and in Europe. It was followed by a rapid succession of public 
 addresses on kindred themes, which were also widely circulated. 
 Mr. Sumner earnestly engaged in the opposition to the annexa- 
 tion of Texas, on the ground of slavery. In 1846 he made an 
 address to the Whig State Convention of Massachusetts, on 
 " The Anti-Slavery Duties of the Whig Party," and shortly 
 afterward published a letter of rebuke to Hon. Robert C. Win- 
 throp, who then represented Boston in Congress, for his vote in 
 favor of the war with Mexico. These steps led eventually to 
 Mr. Sumner's separation from the Whig party and association 
 with the Free-soilers, to whose candidates, Van Buren and 
 Adams, he lent efficient support in the presidential contest of 
 1848. 
 
 After the withdrawal of Mr. Webster from the Senate of the 
 United States by his entrance into the cabinet of Mr. Fillmore 
 in 1850, Mr. Sumner was nominated for the vacancy by a coali- 
 tion of Free-soilers and Democrats in the Massachusetts Legis- 
 lature, and was elected on April 24, 1851, after a most earnest 
 and protracted contest. He took his seat on December, 1, 185 1, 
 and retained it by successive reelections till his decease. 
 
 His first important speech was upon the Fugitive Slave Act, 
 against which he argued that Congress had no power under the 
 Constitution to legislate for the rendition of fugitive slaves; and
 
 80 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 that if it had, the act in many essential particulars conflicted 
 with the Constitution, and was also cruel and tyrannical. In this 
 speech Mr. Sumner laid down as a guide for political action the 
 formula to which he ever afterward adhered, that " freedom is 
 national, and slavery sectional." In the debate on the repeal of 
 the Missouri compromise, and on the contest in Kansas, Mr. 
 Sumner took a very prominent part. His last speech upon this 
 topic, which was printed under the title of " The Crime against 
 Kansas," occupied two days in its delivery, May 19 and 20, 
 1856. Some passages in it greatly incensed the members of 
 Congress from South Carolina, one of whom, Preston S. Brooks, 
 on May 22, assaulted Mr. Sumner while he was writing at his 
 desk in the Senate Chamber, and with a gutta-percha cane 
 struck him on the head till he fell to the floor insensible. The 
 injury thus received proved very serious, and was followed by a 
 severe and long disability, from which his recovery was not 
 complete till three or four years later. 
 
 His term of office as senator expired March 4, 1857, and in 
 the preceding January the Legislature of Massachusetts reelected 
 him by a unanimous vote in the Senate, while in the House of 
 Representatives, consisting of several hundred members, he 
 received all but seven votes. Under the advice of physicians 
 he went to Europe for the benefit of his health in March, 1857, 
 and returned in the autumn to resume his seat in the Senate. 
 His health being still impaired, he went abroad again in May, 
 1858, remaining till the autumn of 1859, and submitted to a 
 course of extraordinarily severe medical treatment in Paris. 
 His next serious effort was an elaborate speech in the Senate, 
 denouncing the influence of slavery on character, society, 
 and civilization, which was printed under the title of " The 
 Barbarism of Slavery." 
 
 In the presidential contest of i860 he made several speeches 
 in behalf of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin. In the 
 Senate and in popular addresses, during the civil war, he ear- 
 nestly opposed all concession to or compromise with slavery, 
 and early proposed emancipation as the speediest mode of 
 bringing the war to a close. He based his arguments not only 
 on moral and historical, but on constitutional grounds, and
 
 CHARLES SUMNER. 81 
 
 always claimed that his positions were in strict accordance with 
 the Constitution of the United States. 
 
 In March, 1 86 1 , when the Republican party obtained the 
 control of the Senate, Mr. Sumner was made chairman of the 
 Committee on Foreign Relations. On Jan. 9, 1862, he deliv- 
 ered an elaborate speech, arguing that the seizure of Messrs. 
 Mason and Slidell, on board the steamer Trent, was unjustifi- 
 able on the principles of international law, which had always 
 been maintained by the United States. This speech had great 
 influence in reconciling the public to the surrender of the Con- 
 federate envoys. Later in the war he made powerful speeches 
 on " Our Foreign Relations " (1863), and on "The Case of the 
 Florida" (1864), and in 1865 he pronounced a eulogy on 
 President Lincoln. A speech upon our claims on England, 
 April 13, 1869, caused great excitement and indignation in 
 Great Britain, where it was erroneously supposed to threaten 
 war, and regarded as an attempt to excite popular feeling 
 against that country by exaggerating the " consequential dam- 
 ages " she had incurred in recognizing the belligerency of the 
 seceding States, and in allowing the Confederate cruisers to sail 
 from her ports. In the same year his opposition to the Santo 
 Domingo treaty, against which he delivered a speech in the Senate, 
 brought him into collision with the administration of President 
 Grant, and led to his removal, in March, 1870, from the chair- 
 manship of the Committee on Foreign Relations, and ultimately 
 to his separation from the Republican party, and his support of 
 Horace Greeley, the Liberal Republican and Democratic candi- 
 date for President in 1872. In the spring of that year he had 
 delivered in the Senate an animated speech against the renomi- 
 nation of President Grant, which did not have the weight he 
 expected with the Republican convention that met shortly after- 
 wards. On Sept. 1 1 a convention of Democrats and Liberal 
 Republicans, held at Worcester, Mass., nominated him for 
 Governor of the State; but he had already gone to Europe for 
 medical advice, and, when the news of his nomination reached 
 him in England, he declined it. He returned from Europe late 
 in 1872, and, on taking his seat in the Senate, reintroduced two 
 measures which he had unsuccessfully proposed before. One
 
 / 
 
 82 IN MEM OR I AM. 
 
 was the Civil Rights Bill, the other a resolution providing that 
 the names of the battles won over fellow-citizens in the Civil War 
 should be removed from the regimental colors of the army and 
 from the army register. This last resolution was strongly 
 denounced, and led to a vote of censure on him by the Legisla- 
 ture of Massachusetts in 1873, which was rescinded in 1874, 
 shortly before his death. He died of angina pectoris, after an 
 illness of a few hours.
 
 HENRY VV. CARTER. 
 1805 — 1876. 
 
 BY HIS BROTHER, JOSIAH CARTER, OF BOSTON. 
 
 HENRY WORDSWORTH CARTER was born on Carter 
 Hill, in Leominster, Mass., on the eighth day of 
 June, 1805, where his father and his grandfather only- 
 had lived before him. His grandfather, Col. Josiah Carter, 
 at the early age of eighteen, and his worthy spouse, at sixteen 
 years, reared a log-house and first cleared the primeval forests 
 from the ground where the old homestead now stands. The 
 old homestead has been enlarged, rebuilt, and changed, until, 
 like Peter Parley's jack-knife, it has had three new blades and 
 two new handles ; still it is the same old homestead. Also, it 
 has been in its time, chamelion like, of many colors. And to 
 this day there stand — the most beautiful embellishment to the 
 old home — two stately elm-trees, of at least four feet in diameter, 
 one on either side of the house, brought there on the broad 
 shoulder of said Josiah more than three miles, after doing a 
 day's work for a neighbor, and planted more than a century 
 and a half ago. Peace to the noble old trees ! they are still 
 green, and fragrant with the memory of the planter. Col. 
 Carter reared a large and numerous family according to the 
 custom of the times, of which James was one, and the successor 
 in ownership to the old homestead at Carter Hill. Henry W. 
 Carter was the third son of James and Betsey Carter. He 
 early learned the use of the shovel and the hoe, the scythe and 
 the sickle, and plied them manfully. He always took great 
 delight in reading; aye, in reading books of a high order, such
 
 84 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 as Milton, Shakspere, Pope, and such other books as he could 
 get hold of. Books were not as easy to obtain fifty or sixty 
 years ago as now. In fact, I think he had rather read than to 
 wield the agricultural implements at any time. Henry was not 
 a lazy boy by any means, but it was more to his taste to read 
 and study than to work on the farm ; hence it was decided that 
 he was to go to college, and every effort must be put forth by 
 all the members of the family for that purpose. Henry was 
 fitted for college at the Academy at Groton, Mass. He entered 
 Harvard College in 1826, and graduated in the class of 1830; 
 a class of which the Hon. Judge Thos. Hopkinson, Dr. Henry 
 Lincoln, the Hon. Charles Sumner (of senatorial fame), and 
 many other gentlemen of distinction and honor, were members. 
 
 He taught country district schools during the winter vacations, 
 while in college, to eke out his scanty funds to pay his current 
 bills. After completing his career, at Harvard, he taught a 
 private classical school for boys, in Boston, for a number of 
 years, with more or less success. 
 
 The character of H. W. Carter was one of rare beauty and 
 value, and although he never was married, and never had the 
 influence of domestic ties, his love for humanity became pecu- 
 liarly warm and strong. To those who needed his sympathy 
 it was never denied. Closely associated with the early anti- 
 slavery movements he used his pen faithfully and efficiently in 
 the cause of the slave. While he clung fondly to the authors 
 read in his youth his knowledge of passing events, here and 
 abroad, was full and intelligent. There was never a more per- 
 fect illustration of the words, "A man's life consisteth not in the 
 abundance of his possessions." A constant student of the 
 Bible, and an ardent lover of Shakspere, he contributed 
 largely to the religious and literary influences of the community 
 in which he lived. A " common laborer" he was not. With 
 more or less enthusiasm he would say, " I love to till the ground, 
 for when I am doing that I feel that I am helping God to beau- 
 tify and make the fruits thereof more abundant." He was a 
 large-hearted, large-minded man, whom a selfish, thoughtless 
 world could little appreciate. 
 
 At the time of his death he belonged to a Shakspere club
 
 HENRY IV. CARTER. 85 
 
 at Athol, Mass., to whose members he had endeared himself, 
 and was by them much missed at their regular meetings. They 
 passed a set of resolutions, at a meeting called for the purpose, 
 eulogizing him largely and justly. 
 
 The day he died he shovelled snow after a drifting storm all 
 the forenoon for a neighbor, and as he walked home at midday 
 for his dinner, and reached out his hand for the door-latch to 
 his earthly home, he dropped on the sidewalk, and God opened 
 another door and took him to himself. 
 
 Thus ended the somewhat eventful life of an honest man, 
 which, it has been well said, is the noblest work of God. 
 
 Henry Wordsworth Carter died at Athol, Dec. 30, 1876, and 
 was buried at Leominster, with his kindred.
 
 GEORGE JAMES FOSTER. 
 18 1 — 1876. 
 
 BY HIS NIECE, CAROLINE H. DALL, OF WASHINGTON. 
 
 GEORGE JAMES FOSTER, born at Newburyport, July 
 27, 1 8 10; died at his house in West Sixteenth street, 
 New York, Sept. 23, 1876, aged 66. 
 
 Mr. Foster was the son of Samuel H. Foster, of Canterbury, 
 N.H., and of Mercy Porter, of Danvers, Mass. 
 
 On his father's side he was descended from George Abbott, 
 who came from Yorkshire to Andover in 1643 ; from John 
 Rogers, of Dedham ; from Whittingham, of Southerton ; from 
 Hubbard, the historian ; Roger Dudley, and Mary Winthrop, 
 as well as John Laurence, first mayor of the city of New 
 York. 
 
 His direct paternal ancestor was Reginald Foster, of Bam- 
 borough Castle, in Northumberland, Warden of the Marches. 
 On his mother's side he was sixth in descent from Governor 
 Simon Bradstreet and Ann Dudley, and inherited, among other 
 small treasures, a copy of the original edition of" Mistress Anne's 
 Poems," printed at Boston by John Foster in 1673. In face 
 and figure he stood alone among his father's children. He 
 was a Bradstreet, with the unflinching honesty and stern, half- 
 cynical sense of justice of the old governor ; he inherited his 
 features, temperament, and manner, his jovial humor, and a 
 certain refined epicureanism, which made him value his own 
 ease and the tranquil pleasures of a bachelor life. This sepa- 
 rated him alike from all that was unworthy and from much that 
 might be for noble reasons disquieting. He was not so much
 
 GEORGE JAMES FOSTER. 87 
 
 a student as a great lover of books, feeling from his earliest 
 youth a sort of affectionate gratitude towards every person who 
 wrote one worth his reading. All these traits combining made 
 him a conservative. 
 
 He went through the Boston Latin School, and graduated 
 from Harvard College in the class of 1830. He at first in- 
 tended to enter the Law School with his friend and classmate, 
 Charles Sumner. 
 
 In those days the Commencement dinner, not yet superseded 
 by the meaningless Class-Day collation, was a family festival, 
 and the beautiful entertainment prepared in his honor is almost 
 the earliest distinct memory of the writer. The table, glow- 
 ing with silver and crystal, spread with dainties concocted from 
 the old Bradstreet recipes by loving hands ; the glad games of 
 ball and marbles which he and his classmates were not too 
 proud to start for his baby nieces, now seem nearer than many 
 things which happened yesterday. But the glad hopes with 
 which this table was spread soon faded, 
 
 George Foster entered the law office of the Hon. Samuel 
 Hubbard, but was obliged to give up his professional career. 
 His father was overtaken by misfortune. The son's sense of 
 duty made him eager to retrieve the losses of his family, and he 
 began his business life, perhaps, in 1834, by going, as a super- 
 cargo, to China, on one of the ships of his brother-in-law, the 
 late Mark Healey, of Boston. The attachment between them 
 was strong. The great fire at Newburyport took place when 
 George was about a year old. In the absence of his father 
 the child was saved, by the Kensington lad lately apprenticed 
 to Mr. Foster, first from the flames, and then, by his rigid 
 self-denial, from the horrors of the three days' starvation 
 which followed the fire. Tardily enough in those days did 
 supplies find their way to the doomed town. 
 
 We love those whom we are able to serve, and, when the 
 child had grown to be a man, the same hand was cordially 
 extended to his aid. From China Mr. Foster was transferred 
 to Rio ; and, after a time, to the service of William W. God- 
 dard. From Brazil he went to Chili, where he became a 
 partner in the house of Alsop & Co. His active business life
 
 88 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 carried him out of the reach of his classmates, none of whom 
 seem to have known much of his later years. 
 
 His most intimate friend, the late Edward Blanchard, of 
 Boston, was not a classmate, but a friend chosen when they 
 were both boys in petticoats, living side by side in the pleasant 
 old Atkinson-street houses, where George's family found a 
 home after the fire had driven them from Newburyport, and 
 where Mr. Foster embarked in new enterprises, sustained by 
 the capital of his Kensington apprentice. Of those who were 
 in Harvard College with George, Charles Sumner who was his 
 classmate, and Wendell Phillips who graduated in 1 831, seem 
 to have preserved the warmest and the most vivid memories 
 of the man whose gracious conservatism would always foil their 
 friendly attacks by a jest. 
 
 Mr. Foster returned from South America, in 1856, the 
 possessor of an ample fortune, which, not being entirely with- 
 drawn from business, diminished a good deal under the varied 
 changes of the next twenty years. He lived almost entirely 
 alone with his servants until his death in 1876. His health was 
 first impaired by severe attacks of fever, contracted in crossing 
 the Andes, before roads or railways existed to make the passage 
 easy. He made small mention of his own sufferings, content to 
 bear them patiently, and forget them, as far as possible, in the 
 travels and biographies with which he beguiled his leisure. 
 
 His will, made about a year before his death, was a model 
 of thoughtful consideration. He had no direct heirs, yet his 
 only public bequest was a legacy of $3,000 to the New York 
 Society Library ; — an expression of gratitude for the pleasure 
 he had derived from its shelves. He knew when the end drew 
 near, and, occupying himself in many kindly ways, awaited it 
 with sweetness and dignity. That he encountered death sud- 
 denly and alone mattered the less that it is in one sense the com- 
 mon lot. That death is more momentous than birth no man 
 has any need to think. 
 
 Mr. Foster was the last survivor of his father's family. His 
 body was laid in the Second Street Marble Cemetery, of the 
 city of New York, by the side of those who had gone before.
 
 JOHN BOZMAN KERR. 
 1809 — 1878. 
 
 BY HIS WIFE, LUCY HAMILTON KERR, OF WASHINGTON. 
 
 IT will be a difficult task to condense in the short space 
 allotted to a college memoir an accurate account of one 
 who, during a long lifetime, united all the qualities that 
 form the courteous Christian gentleman. His own family might 
 very naturally be accused of egotism if his noble character 
 were fully described; and, while shrinking from that accusation, 
 the simple data of his life will be given. Those friends who 
 knew and loved him well must add the praise and honor that 
 his memory fully deserves. 
 
 John Bozman Kerr, the second son of Hon. John Leeds 
 Kerr, and Sarah Hollyday (Chamberlaine) Kerr, was born 
 at Easton, Talbot Co., Md., Sunday, March 5, 1809. After 
 the usual course, at the Easton Academy, he was sent, in August, 
 1827, to the University at Cambridge, Mass., where he entered 
 a sophomore, and was graduated in 1830. After three years 
 in the law office of his father he came to the bar, and for some 
 years practised in his native county. In 1836-37 he was elected 
 to the Maryland House of Delegates. 
 
 From 1847-49 Mr. Kerr was acting attorney-general for his 
 native county, — a post once held by his father, the Hon. 
 John Leeds Kerr, and by that gentleman's maternal uncle, John 
 Leeds Bozman, Esq., the author of the History of Maryland. 
 In 1849, also the year of his marriage, he was elected to the 
 House of Representatives of the United States. Having the 
 confidence of the Taylor-Fillmore administrations, he was named
 
 90 IN MEM OKI AM. 
 
 Charge" d' Affaires to the republic of New Granada on the expi- 
 ration of his term of service as a member of XXXIst. Congress. 
 He was afterwards transferred to the more responsible post of 
 Minister to Central America, as the complicated questions 
 relating to the " Webster-Crampton " project for settling the 
 differences between Costa Rica and Nicaragua, and carrying out 
 the fair deductions of the " Bulwer-Clayton " treaty, together 
 with the disputed nationality of the Bay Islands, required most 
 careful and statesman-like action. 
 
 Just as he arrived at Leon de Nicaragua a civil war was 
 imminent, which culminated in an emeutc Aug. 4, 1851. 
 
 Having had a conference, in his official character, with Mr. 
 Castillon, Secretary of State, Mr. Kerr felt at liberty to take a 
 decided stand against the revolutionary movement which threat- 
 ened the peace and prosperity of the country. Recognizing 
 this, the Legislature, specially convened in 1853, passed resolu- 
 tions officially thanking him, and commending his vigorous 
 action. 
 
 It was never for a moment doubted what his course would be 
 on the breaking out of our own fearful civil war. After the 
 previous Legislature had adopted measures looking towards 
 secession, Governor Hicks issued a proclamation, on Tuesday, 
 December 3, 1861, "to provide the earliest means of keeping 
 Maryland in her true Union position. Mr. Kerr responded, 
 and by his fearless and patriotic action helped to save the State. 
 
 He came to Washington, in 1862, to accept a position in the 
 Department of Justice, where, to use his own words, " I do not 
 know whether I have changed my legal residence or not; but it 
 is with sorrow and regret I leave my native county." He was 
 appointed a Solicitor in the Court of Claims, and afterwards 
 Solicitor for the Sixth Auditor's Office, Post-office Department. 
 
 Throughout the entire rebellion he was in perfect sympathy 
 with the government, and lived to see its principles maintained. 
 
 He died suddenly at his home in Washington, Jan. 27, 1878, 
 to the unspeakable grief of his wife and children. His sons 
 accompanied his remains to the Eastern Shore of Maryland, 
 and reverently laid him in the old family burying-ground at 
 Belleville, near Easton, in Talbot County, the resting-place of 
 his forefathers for nearly two centuries.
 
 HENRY RICE COFFIN. 
 1810-ii 
 
 BY HIS SISTER, MRS. NATHANIEL HALL, OF DORCHESTER, 
 
 MASS. 
 
 HENRY RICE COFFIN, eldest son of John Gorham and 
 Elizabeth (Rice) Coffin, was born in Boston, November 
 10, 1 8 10. His childhood was a bright and happy one. 
 As a youth he was fond of his books, and enjoyed especially the 
 years passed at the Latin School. Though his nature was a 
 reserved and sensitive one, he made friendships among his mates, 
 and often brought them to share the pleasures of his home. 
 
 He entered Harvard College at the age of sixteen. A letter 
 from Charles Sumner was found among his papers, proposing 
 that they should become room-mates. Towards the latter part 
 of his collegiate course his father died, and the family was 
 scattered. After graduating honorably Mr. Coffin became 
 principal, temporarily, of an academy in Farmington, Maine, as 
 he had not decided what profession to adopt. Hard and rather 
 distasteful work in the academy, the absence from family and 
 friends, added to a sense of responsibility as the eldest son, 
 induced an illness, and the mental powers gave way under the 
 strain, very heavy to one so sensitive. 
 
 At first there was hope of recovery ; but the mental cloud 
 was not lifted. For more than forty years he was tenderly cared 
 for, attracting those who ministered to him by his gentleness 
 and delicacy of bearing. 
 
 Some of his classmates can testify to his fine scholarship in 
 the Latin and Greek classics. An unconscious action of the
 
 92 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 memory, if so it can be called, was shown in his accurate repeti- 
 tion, to the very last day of his life, of long Latin quotations, 
 after his physician gave him the first lines. 
 
 A peaceful death closed the life so unfinished here. May the 
 eternal years bring to it a full fruition.
 
 CHARLES STUART. 
 1 88 1. 
 
 BY HIS CLASSMATE, JOHN O. SARGENT, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 CHARLES STUART was an uncommonly good scholar. 
 He possessed a remarkable memory, and easily distanced 
 all his class at school or college in the exercise of capping 
 verses. He could roll off, ad infinitum, hexameters of the desired 
 initial from Virgil or Juvenal, and in this game was seldom 
 worsted. He wrote Latin verses with facility, and, with bare 
 study, Greek verses that would pass muster. In college he main- 
 tained a fair rank. On graduation he embraced the profession 
 of the law ; and in educational pursuits and such legal practice 
 as he could command in the intense competition at the New 
 York bar, he lived for many years. He enjoyed the confidence 
 of some senior members of the profession, to whom he was able 
 to render himself of service. He was in close relations with 
 Governor Van Wess while he was collector of the port of New 
 York under President Tyler, and in his latter days was employed 
 in confidential clerical labors by Judge Roosevelt. It may be 
 doubted, however, if his heart were ever very strongly in his 
 profession. His role was that of a scholar, and it was on his 
 proficiency in the Latin and Greek classics that he especially 
 prided himself. He died, unmarried, while on a visit in Wash- 
 ington, D.C., in 1 88 1.
 
 JOHN PICKERING. 
 1808 — 1882. 
 
 BY HIS SISTER, MARY PICKERING, OF SALEM. 
 
 JOHN PICKERING was born in Salem, Mass., November 
 8, 1808. He was the eldest son of John and Sarah 
 (White) Pickering, and a grandson of Colonel Timothy 
 Pickering. His early education was obtained at the private 
 schools and classical school in Salem ; and he was fitted for 
 college at the school of Mr. Simeon Putnam, at North Andover, 
 entering the freshman class of Harvard College in 1826, and 
 graduating in 1830. His quiet course in college was marked 
 by correct deportment and obedience to the laws and regula- 
 tions of the university, while he gained the esteem and affec- 
 tion of his associates, which he ever afterwards retained. Not 
 possessing a taste for mathematical or other scientific studies, he 
 had a fondness and aptitude for acquiring the classical and 
 modern languages, especially the latter, which always continued 
 to claim his attention and interest. 
 
 In college he was a member of the Pierian Sodality, the 
 society so long existing there, to which his love of music then 
 attracted him, and which contributed so much to his enjoyment 
 as a recreation, especially in domestic life. 
 
 Before graduating from college he was engaged by Mr. Gideon 
 Thayer, principal of the Chauncy Hall school, in Boston, as a 
 teacher of the Greek, Latin, and Spanish languages. In this 
 occupation the year was passed for which the engagement had 
 been made ; and in this time he had secured the confident re- 
 gard of the patrons of the school and the strong attachment of
 
 JOHN PICKERING. 95 
 
 his pupils. At the termination of this engagement he entered 
 the office of his father for the study of law. At this time the 
 Honorable John Pickering was the city solicitor of Boston, to 
 which office he was annually elected until his resignation of it, 
 from declining health, in 1846; and during this period his son 
 constantly assisted him in the duties which fell to his share. 
 Upon the death of his father he entirely relinquished the pur- 
 suit of his profession. Desiring to enter into active business 
 life he engaged in it as a note and stock broker, and in 185 1 
 he was elected a member of the Boston Stock Exchange, 
 establishing himself in the Union Building in State street, in the 
 same office which he always afterwards occupied, and where he 
 was associated in late years with a junior partner, Mr. Charles 
 W. Moseley, under the business name of John Pickering & 
 Moseley. For more than thirty years his life was assiduously 
 devoted to the duties of the business which he had adopted ; 
 and in all its requirements and responsibilities he was recognized 
 as a man of sterling integrity and honor. His marked courtesy 
 and unfailing regard for the rights and claims of his associates in 
 business won their respect and secured their strong personal 
 attachment, which was manifested not only during his life, but 
 expressed at his decease, in spontaneous and feeling tributes to 
 his memory by the members of the Boston Stock Exchange. 
 
 During the entire period of his mercantile life in Boston his 
 home was in Salem. In 1850 he was married to Mehitable 
 Smith Cox, a daughter of Benjamin Cox, Esq., of Salem, and 
 sister of Dr. Benjamin Cox, the late eminent physician of that 
 city. In his domestic relations he was most fortunate and 
 happy ; and as a citizen he identified himself with the best 
 interests and private charities of his native town. He was a 
 member of the Essex Institute, and a member of the Essex 
 Agricultural Society, and was much interested in their objects 
 and advancement, from his own love of nature and great en- 
 joyment of its pure resources. He was also a member of the 
 Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati, holding the member- 
 ship descending to him as the eldest son of his father, who had 
 himself held it as the eldest son of his father, Colonel Timothy 
 Pickering.
 
 96 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 Late in the autumn of 1 88 1 his vigorous health became im- 
 paired. At the close of the year his increasing debility excited 
 grave solicitude, and on the 20th of January, 1882, he passed 
 peacefully to rest, in the full possession of his mental powers. 
 
 The innate modesty of his nature would forbid an extended 
 recital of the traits of character and daily life which made him 
 a marked man of the community in whjch he lived, and caused 
 the void widely felt by his decease. 
 
 At a meeting of the officers and standing committee of the 
 Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati, held March 2, 1882, 
 the following resolution was unanimously passed : — 
 
 " Resolved, That in the death of John Pickering, a grandson 
 of Colonel Timothy Pickering, an original member of Revolu- 
 tionary fame and glory, the Massachusetts Society of the 
 Cincinnati and its standing committee have lost one whose 
 purity of life and integrity of character, whose modesty of 
 demeanor, and whose firmness ever mingled with gentleness 
 and courtesy, whose earnest and patriotic sympathies in all the 
 purposes and influences of the Society of the Cincinnati, made 
 him every way worthy to hold the place once occupied by his 
 honored grandfather in this society." 
 
 In a brief sketch of the subject of this notice it is not per- 
 mitted us to dwell on the distinguishing characteristics of 
 domestic life which endeared him to his family, to a wide circle 
 of friends, and to persons of all classes with whom he came in 
 contact. His attachments to Salem were peculiarly strong, and 
 its institutions claimed his earnest interest and support. He 
 was a constant worshipper at the First Church, as his ancestors 
 had been, and his home was in the venerable mansion in which 
 they had also lived. 
 
 This ancient and picturesque house, now standing, and in a 
 perfect state of preservation, was built in the year 1651; the 
 estate having been purchased in 1642 by John Pickering, from 
 Yorkshire, England, who was recorded as an inhabitant of Salem 
 in 1637, an d it has always remained in the possession of the 
 successive generations of the family. In this house Colonel 
 Timothy Pickering was born, and a large family of sisters, as 
 well as an elder brother, the Honorable John Pickering, also a
 
 JOHN PICKERING. 97 
 
 prominent citizen of Salem, by whom this ancient homestead 
 was given to his nephew, John Pickering, the lawyer, scholar, 
 and philologist, who bequeathed it to his son John, the subject 
 of this memoir, by whom it was most carefully cherished. 
 
 In this quiet and attractive home, which was graced by the 
 refined taste and courtly hospitality of its possessor, the happi- 
 est hours of our departed friend were passed. In 1879 Mr. 
 Pickering sustained the loss of his excellent wife. He has left 
 two daughters, and a son in adult life, who bears the name of 
 John Pickering.
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER. 
 
 18 1 1 — 1882. 
 
 BY HENRY BARNARD, HARTFORD, CONN. 
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER, the subject of this 
 sketch, was the son of Elisha Reynolds Potter and Mary 
 (Mawney) Potter, and was born in what is now the vil- 
 lage of Kingston, in the town of South Kingstown, Rhode Island, 
 on the 20th day of June, A.D. 181 1. His father, also a native 
 of South Kingstown, was a prominent lawyer, and had an exten- 
 sive practice so long as he remained at the bar. In 1794 he 
 was elected a member of Congress, to fill a vacancy in the 
 4th Congress, and at the same time he was elected to the 
 5th Congress, but resigned before the close of his term. Con- 
 gress then sat in Philadelphia. In 1809 he was again elected 
 to Congress, and continued a member for six years, and then 
 declined a reelection. He was also, for about forty years, a 
 member of the General Assembly of the State from his native 
 town of South Kingstown. 
 
 Prof. Wm. G. Goddard, in a note to his address delivered in 
 1843, " n the occasion of the change in the Civil Government 
 of Rhode Island " from the old Charter to the Constitution, 
 speaking of Elisha R. Potter, Sr., says: "Perhaps no political 
 man in this State ever acquired or maintained, often amid many 
 adverse circumstances, a more commanding influence. This 
 influence was the result, mainly, of his powers and qualities as 
 a man, of his rare native endowments, his intuitive perception 
 of character, his large acquaintance with the motives, principles, 
 and passions which belong to human nature, and determine the
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER. 99 
 
 conduct of men. He was not a favorite of the mass of the 
 people, for, politician though he was, he neglected many of the 
 most effective means of winning popularity. Over the minds, 
 however, of those, whether friends or foes, to whom, in political 
 concernment, the people are wont to look for direction, he 
 always exerted an extraordinary influence." 
 
 The mother of the subject of this sketch was of Huguenot 
 descent, being a lineal descendant of the Le Moine (his first 
 name is not given on the original plat of the purchasers angli- 
 cized into Mawney), who was one of the original purchasers in 
 a large company of French Huguenots who bought an extensive 
 tract of land and settled at what is called Frenchtown, in East 
 Greenwich, Rhode Island. 1 She had both the intelligence and 
 the spirit of the Huguenots. Such was his parentage. 
 
 The son took by inheritance the home, and paternal respect, 
 which his father, a great and honored name in social life and 
 political history of his State, had achieved, and from his mother 
 a constitution most delicate and refined. He had a gentleness 
 of nature almost feminine. From childhood he was always fond 
 of books and study, and scholarly in all his tastes. He was, 
 however, as firm in his convictions as he was gentle in manner. 
 His spirit w r as always most charitable and tolerant. Suaviter in 
 modo, fortiter in re, was his rule of conduct in private and pub- 
 lic life. 
 
 He was fitted for college principally at the Academy at 
 Kingston by the Rev. Oliver Brown, a graduate of Harvard, 
 who was also the minister of the Congregational church. 
 Before entering college he studied French for two summers at 
 Newport and Providence, at the same time giving special atten- 
 tion to mathematics. He entered Harvard College in 1826, 
 and graduated in the class of 1830, holding in his whole course 
 a high position for scholarship, but extending his reading 
 widely beyond his class studies into historical and general 
 literature. 
 
 In the winter following his graduation he commenced the 
 study of the law, and at the same time took charge of the clas- 
 
 'Her father's name was Parson Mawney, of East Greenwich.
 
 100 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 sical department of the Academy at Kingston. In the spring 
 of 1 83 1 he entered tjie law office of Nathaniel Searle, of Provi- 
 dence, one of the largest practitioners in the State, and was 
 admitted to the bar in the courts of Rhode Island on the 9th 
 of October, 1832. In this practice, as attorney, counsellor, and 
 with occasional occupation in municipal, State, and national 
 affairs, and in historical authorship, and daily excursions into 
 the domain of literature, Mr. Potter continued for fifty years a 
 life of singular simplicity, purity, and usefulness, all the time 
 apparently unconscious of the good he was doing, the broad 
 and thorough scholarship he was attaining, or the hold his 
 unostentatious services had gained in the respect and affections 
 of the citizens of Rhode Island and of his fellow-men generally. 
 
 Along with his legal studies, and even earlier, he had read 
 extensively in the history and biography of Rhode Island and 
 of New England, and began independent investigations into the 
 original records and documents of his native county and State, 
 which, in 1835, when only about twenty-four years old, he embod- 
 ied in a volume of four hundred pages with the title of "The Early 
 History of Narragansett," with original documents never before 
 printed. This contribution to the history of the State was pub- 
 lished as the third volume of their collections by the Rhode 
 Island Historical Society, and is still regarded of high authority 
 on the subject and the period of which it treats. 
 
 Mr. Potter had previously prepared, while acting as clerk of 
 the House of Representatives in 1833, a document on " Relig- 
 ious Corporations," which was submitted to that body as a re- 
 port of a committee charged with some legislation on the subject. 
 This document discusses thoroughly the practice of Rhode Isl- 
 and in exempting church property from taxation, as well as the 
 general principles on which the statutes of mortmain rest. 
 
 In 1837 Mr. Potter published, the result of exhaustive re- 
 search, " The Emissions of Paper Money by the Colony of 
 Rhode Island, from 17 10 to 1786," which was printed in a 
 pamphlet of fifty pages. This pamphlet was reprinted by Mr. 
 Henry Phillips, Jr., in his " Historical Sketches of the Paper 
 Currency of the American Colonies," prior to the adoption of 
 the Federal Constitution. In 1865 it was rewritten by him, with
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER. 101 
 
 additions by Mr. Sidney S. Rider, and published in the Rhode 
 Island Historical Tracts, No. 8, 1880. 
 
 In the revolutionary agitation, known as the Dorr Controversy 
 or Rebellion, Mr Potter, although sympathizing in his political 
 professions with many of the individuals associated in the move- 
 ment, sided early and decidedly with the party for defending 
 the government against military force, and against all constitu- 
 tional changes not attempted in authorized ways. 
 
 He was a member of the committee on the part of the gov- 
 ernment of Rhode Island to visit Washington, and secure, if 
 necessary, the intervention of the national Executive in defence 
 of law and order in the State. 
 
 Mr. Potter issued, in 1842, a pamphlet entitled "Considera- 
 tions on the Question of the Adoption of a Constitution and the 
 Extension of Suffrage in Rhode Island," with a view of quiet- 
 ing future agitation. It is a treatise of much original research, 
 and of special interest in the history of Rhode Island, and a 
 second edition was called for in 1879. 
 
 The people of the State, and especially of the Narragansett 
 country, early transferred to him the confidence and regard en- 
 tertained for his distinguished father, — Elisha R. Potter, — and 
 from his own and the neighboring towns he was consulted by 
 them in all matters relating to their private, as well as their 
 public affairs, as a trusted neighbor and friend, and he often 
 gave his counsel without fee or regard to his personal comfort. 
 
 He was frequently elected member of the town council of 
 South Kingstown, and in 1843 and '44 was elected a member of 
 Congress from the district in which he lived. His intimate and 
 thorough knowledge of the history of the State made his sug- 
 gestions of much practical importance in all municipal and State 
 legislation, and secured him great personal influence even with 
 those who differed from him politically. 
 
 After his retirement from Congress in 1844 Mr. Potter cor- 
 dially entered into the movements which began in 1843 and 
 resulted for the first time in the thorough organization of a sys- 
 tem of public schools for the State; and in 1849 he succeeded 
 Mr. Barnard as Commissioner, and carried forward and consoli- 
 dated the forms of procedure under the school law prepared
 
 102 IN MEMO RI AM. 
 
 originally by Mr. Barnard, and subsequently issued a revised 
 and perfected edition of the same. During his administration, 
 in 1852, the State Normal School, suggested and advocated 
 by his predecessor in 1845, was established, and inaugurated 
 by an address in which he gave it his cordial support, although 
 he was originally in favor of a system of professional training in 
 which Brown University should take a responsible part, both on 
 the ground of its being the head of public instruction, and 
 because the State had a right to look for hearty cooperation in 
 the professional training of public-school teachers, on account 
 of the corporate privileges and exemptions accorded to the 
 institution and its professors. 
 
 He was early called to recognize and apply to public schools 
 the doctrine and policy of Rhode Island, — of the entire separation 
 of church and state. While he held and encouraged religious 
 instruction to the largest extent by voluntary cooperation of 
 parents, he felt it his duty, as State Commissioner, to protect the 
 humblest member of society from any denominational imposi- 
 tion of special creed in the administration or instruction of the 
 schools of a town or district. To the literature of this subject 
 Mr. Potter contributed several addresses, as well as a special 
 report, in which was given the experience of different countries 
 in Europe, and of different States on this continent, in this de- 
 partment of public service, and a digest of the best thoughts 
 which had been presented from time to time on both sides of 
 the difficult problem of religious instruction in public schools. 
 
 In 185 1, in an address before the Historical Society, Mr. Pot- 
 ter explained the exceptional ground occupied by Rhode Island 
 in the educational policy of New England. As long as educa- 
 tion was looked upon as exclusively or mainly the work of the 
 church, and of clergymen, he claimed that Rhode Island could 
 not consistently legislate on the subject. When that ground 
 was gradually and practically abandoned, then the State took 
 up the matter. Although late in the. field, he claimed that the 
 system now in operation in Rhode Island did in all respects 
 compare favorably with the older systems of the neighboring 
 States. 
 
 In January, 1852, Mr. Potter began the publication of a
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER. 103 
 
 monthly educational magazine, which was continued to the 
 completion of the second volume in 1853. The two volumes 
 are full of educational matter of permanent value, and should 
 be in every public library of the State. 
 
 In 1 86 1 Mr. Potter was a member of the Legislature from 
 South Kingstown, and urged the General Assembly to the 
 adoption of resolutions pledging the resources of the State to 
 the support of the American Union, and in his remarks he 
 anticipated an entire revolution in the political status and 
 domestic policy of the Southern States as the inevitable result 
 of their attempt at secession. 
 
 In 1862, while a member of the Senate, he submitted a 
 report denying the right of the Legislature to grant a perpetual 
 exemption from taxation to any religious institution having 
 resources of its own, or to exempt the property of an incorpo- 
 ration, literary or charitable, or its office-bearers, from taxation ; 
 and where such exemption was now made it was the duty of 
 the Legislature to correct the practice, as all property in the 
 State should bear its proportion of the cost of its protection. 
 
 In 1868 Mr. Potter was elected a Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of the State, which office he continued to hold until his 
 decease, April 10, 1882, and no member of the bar in his day 
 could have brought to it more solid or varied learning, sounder 
 views of equity, or more patient consideration to the discharge 
 of all his duties on the bench or in chambers. No matter with 
 what inconvenience to himself, he was always ready to attend 
 to his duties as a magistrate. 
 
 His associates, in receiving the resolutions of the bar on the 
 occasion of his decease, one and all bore testimony to the pa- 
 tience, fidelity, and learning with which he had uniformly 
 discharged his duties. " That he was strictly upright, pure, and 
 incorruptible in this high station," observes one, " is only to 
 express the sentiment of all who knew him. No one for a 
 moment could think him capable in the slightest degree of 
 betraying his exalted trust." 
 
 Mr. Potter was a true lover of books ; he prized a book for 
 its own sake, although he had a most discriminating taste and 
 judgment with regard to their contents and editions ; and his
 
 104 IN MEM OR I AM. 
 
 own library was a monument of choice selections in all the 
 great departments of thought. No book went on to the shelves 
 of his library until he had made himself master of all it con- 
 tained, and no man was more ready to communicate knowledge 
 thus gained to others, or more full and accurate in his refer- 
 ences. With all his attachment to his own books he was 
 always ready to loan to a special investigator his choicest 
 volumes. Scarcely a book can be taken down from his 
 shelves which does not contain slips and memoranda by him, 
 elucidating the subject treated, or the author. He was never 
 less alone than in his library, where great minds could be sum- 
 moned at will to conference or recreation. And the pleasure 
 which he derived from books he wished to make accessible to 
 all, rich and poor, old and young, through school and village 
 libraries ; which, as School Commissioner, he labored to es- 
 tablish and extend in every town, and, to aid in the se- 
 lection, he issued a list of good books, which is still exten- 
 sively used. The library at Kingston was started by him, and 
 greatly enriched by his donations, and at no distant day his 
 own collection will become a Free Library of Reference for 
 the State and country. 
 
 Mr. Potter, though always and everywhere a Rhode-Islander, 
 so far as a consistent recognition of the principle of " soul 
 liberty " makes a Rhode-Islander, was always and everywhere 
 an American, above the distinctions of party and creed. He 
 never questioned any individual's right to vote, think, or speak 
 according to his own convictions, and never urged his own views 
 on any one, old or young, man or woman, and he firmly and 
 quietly held to his own views without obtruding them on others, 
 however rudely assailed. He was a man of childlike simplicity 
 and purity of manners and speech, and never illustrated his 
 views by anecdotes of equivocal meaning, or seemed to under- 
 stand such allusions in the conversation of others. 
 
 Judge Potter's death created a profound sensation. Although 
 never robust, and always requiring special care, his death was 
 not anticipated by a prolonged absence from his duties on the 
 bench, so that the announcement of his sickness and death was 
 simultaneously received. He held his court in Providence on
 
 ELISHA REYNOLDS POTTER. 105 
 
 Friday, April 7, 1882, adjourned and returned to his home as 
 usual, expecting to resume his seat on the bench the next morn- 
 ing. A sharp attack of pneumonia, however, prevented and ter- 
 minated his life on Monday, April the 10th, 1 882, at the old home- 
 stead of himself and of his parents. His loss to the court was 
 profoundly felt, and his services as a public man were gratefully 
 acknowledged by the profession and by all the authorities of 
 the State. The General Assembly adjourned to attend the 
 funeral. The Supreme Court suspended its session at once, and 
 each of the judges paid feeling tributes to his personal worth 
 and his legal and miscellaneous learning. At a meeting of the 
 bar resolutions of condolence were introduced, and spoken to 
 with great tenderness and respect by several of the older and 
 younger members of the profession. The public press every- 
 where recorded his death with extended notice of his public 
 services, and the most emphatic recognition of the simplicity, 
 purity, and usefulness of his whole character and life. At the 
 next quarterly meeting of the State Historical Society appro- 
 priate remarks were made by its officers and members, and an 
 elaborate paper, drawn up by Judge Stiness, was ordered to be 
 entered on the records of the society. A paper was also read 
 by Sidney S. Rider, containing a full and condensed summary 
 of Mr. Potter's publications and official life. 
 
 The funeral services were held at eleven o'clock, on Thursday, 
 April 13, at the old Potter mansion at Kingston, and were at- 
 tended by the members of the Legislature, by the Chief-Justice 
 and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, and a full rep- 
 resentation of the bar. The services were conducted by the 
 pastor of the village church, and at their close the body was 
 borne upon a bier, followed by the family and a large concourse 
 of neighbors, legislators, lawyers, justices, and citizens, to the 
 family tomb on the homestead near his residence.
 
 HENRY WINTHROP SARGENT. 
 
 18 1 — 1882. 
 
 HENRY WINTHROP SARGENT was born in Boston, 
 November 26, 18 10. On the maternal side he was a 
 descendant of the Hon. Samuel Welles, mentioned in 
 another memoir in this volume, and his father was Colonel 
 Henry Sargent, the painter, a pupil of West, and so favorably 
 known by the admirable portrait of General Lincoln, executed 
 for the Massachusetts Historical Society, and his great historical 
 painting of the " Landing of the Pilgrims," which he presented 
 to the Plymouth Society. His best work was, perhaps, one 
 widely known, at the time of its production, as the Dinner 
 Party, which now hangs in the dining-room at Wodenethe, the 
 late residence of the subject of this brief memoir. 
 
 Henry Winthrop was prepared for college at the Public 
 Latin School, then under the charge of the very conscientious 
 and competent teacher, Mr. Benjamin A. Gould, a gentleman 
 whom all his surviving pupils remember with respect and grati- 
 tude. Even at this early age the boy possessed, in a marked 
 degree, many of the qualities which adhered to him through 
 life, derived, perhaps, by inheritance of artistic tendencies, and 
 shown in his love of order, his fastidious neatness, and good 
 taste in his apparel and equipments of all kinds, and his extreme 
 care that all his surroundings, such as they were, should be 
 without fault or blemish. He entered Harvard College in 1826, 
 and passed through the course with unfailing obedience to all 
 the requisitions of the authorities, with a creditable though not 
 distinguished record as a student and scholar. What his par- 
 ticular ambition was during these years may be inferred from 
 his article in the New Harvard Register of March, 1880, on the 
 Harvard Washington Corps fifty years ago. He was the cap-
 
 HENRY WIN THE OP SARGENT. 107 
 
 tain of the corps in the year 1829-30. Nothing but an uncom- 
 mon interest in the subject could have enabled him, after the 
 lapse of fifty years, to remember and detail with so much 
 minuteness, the incidents to which he refers. 
 
 " On entering college a half century ago, and after recovering from the 
 severe ordeal of the football contest (the freshmen and seniors against the 
 sophomores and juniors), which occurred within the early days after the 
 beginning of the autumn term, and after the usual six months or so of hazing, 
 the freshman of that day found there were three objects of his ambition : — 
 I. The first scholarship. 
 II. The most popular fellow in the class. 
 
 III. The command of the college company. 
 
 It was difficult to predict the first, for many months ; in fact, hardly before 
 the middle of the sophomore year, not always then. Nor was it very easy to 
 know the second ; this likewise required many months and many trials. 
 With the third the matter was easier : since certain characteristics as to height, 
 carriage, military bearing as a private in the company for the two or three 
 years previous to the election, which occurred the last term of the junior 
 year, would somewhat indicate who was, and who was not, eligible. . . . 
 
 If I remember right, the election took place in the early part of summer. 
 At twelve o'clock on a certain day, a meeting of the four college classes was 
 called on the advertising board at Porter's Hall, the old inn of that name, 
 famous for its flip. The four superior officers, — the captain, two lieutenants, 
 and the adjutant, — out of uniform, but wearing swords and sashes, came 
 from the middle entry of Holworthy across the yard, with great dignity and 
 sobriety; the whole college walking, running, and shouting by their side, 
 still urging their favorites at this last moment on some uncertain and per- 
 plexed voter. On reaching the hall, the officers placing themselves behind a 
 table at its upper end, the captain, coming forward, in what was considered 
 ' a graceful speech," resigned for himself and them the offices they had held 
 the past year, and asked the college votes for their successors. I think it 
 might have been possible for Dr. Holmes to have originated on this occasion 
 his lines, 
 
 ' It is, it is, a hat is going round; ' 
 
 for into this domestic ballot-box the votes were deposited, and subsequently 
 counted, and the successful candidate declared. This same course was pur- 
 sued in the election of the three remaining officers, and the result declared 
 amidst the shouts or jeers and hisses of the friends or enemies of the suc- 
 cessful candidates. After this the old officers, taking off their swords and 
 sashes, put them on their successors; and, arm in arm, the two captains, the 
 four lieutenants, and the two adjutants returned as they had come, across the 
 yard to the middle entry of Holworthy, the whole college cheering, shouting, 
 or hissing by their side. By this time it was one o'clock; and, the first act 
 having ceased, the college went to dinner.
 
 108 IN MEMO RI AM. 
 
 The second act commenced at two, and was the more interesting from being 
 more uncertain. For a day or so before the ejection of the higher officers it 
 was pretty well known who they were to be. rJot so with the four command- 
 ants, as they were called (captains of companies). These were not chosen by 
 the college, but by the four old and four new officers, and in this way : Having 
 met with closed doors in the middle entry of Holworthy, a name was proposed 
 for first commandant, balloted for, and accepted or rejected as the case might be. 
 If accepted, the past senior commandant walked out alone across the yard to 
 Stoughton, Hollis, Massachusetts, or wherever the new officer lived. During 
 the election of commandants, which usually occupied from two to six, all reci- 
 tations being suspended, the yard was entirely deserted ; but every window in 
 every building was filled with heads, watching the course of the outgoing 
 officer, and trying to guess who his successor would be. If he headed towards 
 Stoughton, that building rang with shouts and applause, waving of handker- 
 chiefs, and every sort, of demonstration of joy ; with corresponding hisses and 
 groans from the other buildings. If he passed Stoughton and Hollis, and 
 headed for Massachusetts, then Stoughton and Hollis took up the groans and 
 hisses, and Massachusetts the cheers. After entering any building, there 
 came a dead silence over the college, although every eye was staring to see the 
 new and old officer come out together ; then groans, cheers, shouts, and hisses, 
 as the new officer was liked or disliked. This same course was continued with 
 the three other commandants, until they were all chosen, usually just as the 
 prayer-bell rang ; then on crossing the yard came the congratulatury slaps on 
 the back and shakes of the hands of one's friends. 
 
 This evening the old eight officers gave a supper to the new eight, at Gal- 
 lagher's in Devonshire street, a great college house in those days. In return 
 the new officers gave a supper on the evening of their first appearance in 
 uniform. The next afternoon, immediately after the supper, the sixteen 
 officers, the new eight with their swords and the old eight with muskets, met 
 in the grove, as it was then called, immediately behind, I should say, the 
 Appleton Chapel, for drill ; the men with guns, representing companies, going 
 through the manual and company drill. This was continued every afternoon 
 for several weeks, a half-dozen privates being at last brought down to increase 
 the companies, until at last there appeared in the windows of University, as we 
 went to prayers, the well-known advertising board, eighteen inches square, 
 and bound with green ribbon : — 
 
 'The Harvard Washington Corps is hereby ordered to appear this evening, immediately after 
 tea, for battalion and company drill. Per order of the captain. 
 
 , Adjutant.' 
 
 This first appearance was always a very trying one to the new officers, as the 
 old ones appeared in the ranks with muskets. 
 
 The music consisted of a drum and fife, — 'Old Dan Simpson" the drum- 
 mer, and 'Old Si Smith 1 the fifer, as they were then called, both of whom 
 were still alive a few years ago, and I believe, are to-day. These drills took 
 place every Tuesday and Friday evening, until the company came out for the 
 first time in uniform, with the Brigade Band of twenty-eight pieces ; the men
 
 HENRY WINTHROP SARGENT. 109 
 
 in the prescribed college-dress, which was dark Oxford mixed gray, single- 
 breasted coats, the skirts cut away like our present dress-coats, and with white 
 cross-belts ; the officers wearing the usual infantry felt cap or hat, with black 
 leather visor and black fountain plume, the college uniform coats, with the gilt 
 Massachusetts button, gold epaulets, and white trousers, the usual white 
 sword-belt and scarlet silk sash. 
 
 The company of one hundred to one hundred and twenty guns was formed 
 by the orderly sergeant on the Common, then unenclosed, and immediately 
 outside the railing in front of Hollis. At a certain signal the eight officers 
 standing on the steps of Hollis marched out, the full band playing. After 
 taking their proper places, the usual parade was gone through. The corps 
 then, at slow time, marched through the larger Massachusetts gate, past Uni- 
 versity, to the middle entry of Holworthy, where they formed line and opened 
 ranks, the officers coming to the front, when the standard was brought out 
 and saluted; after which, again falling into column, the band playing usually 
 the well-known march of ' Pas redouble? the colors flying, the company 
 marched by Stoughton and Hollis, under the admiring eyes and applauding 
 hands of the young ladies who were at the windows, out through the Massa- 
 chusetts gate, by the president's and professors' houses, saluting each as they 
 passed, until just before six, when, again going through the evening parade on 
 the Common, they were dismissed, and their guns usually taken to the armory 
 in Hollis or Stoughton. The grand finale of this exciting day was the 
 appearance of the officers and men in uniform at evening prayers. 
 
 The Harvard Washington Corps continued for several years after my time, 
 and was then suspended by the government, I believe ; at any rate, it ceased 
 to exist ; though I understand some attempt to revive it has been made within 
 the last year or so. 
 
 We have had so much real ' soldiering ' to do during our civil war, in which 
 Harvard boys played so noble a part, that it is doubtful whether the old stand- 
 ard, with its well-known motto, ' Tarn Marti quam Mercurio? will ever again 
 wave in the college yard." 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Sargent entered the office of Hon. 
 Samuel Hubbard as a student-at-law. At that time there 
 were two large buildings facing each other in what was known 
 as Court square, in School street, — one owned by Mr. William 
 Sullivan, who had his offices there, and the other known as 
 Barrister's Hall, — and in the two some half-dozen of Sargent's 
 classmates and college-mates pursued and completed their 
 studies for the bar. After going through the usual legal 
 course he removed to New York, and, entering on commercial 
 pursuits, became ultimately a partner in the firm of Gracie and 
 Sargent, bankers, and agent of the then celebrated banking- 
 house of Welles & Co., of Paris, the head of which was his
 
 110 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 uncle, on the mother's side, Mr. Samuel Welles. In January, 
 1839, he married Caroline, the only daughter of Francis 
 Olmsted, of New York, and not long afterwards retired from 
 active business to a rural retreat at Fishkill-on-Hudson, where 
 he sought to realize his ideal of all pursuits in the life of a 
 country gentleman. 
 
 He purchased a tract of about twenty acres, with an un- 
 finished house, in the midst of a native forest. He began with 
 the axe, feeling his way at every step, clearing out an old 
 inhabitant wherever he proved to be an obstruction ; cutting 
 out vistas, creating lawns and flower-beds, and planting new 
 varieties, year after year, of ornamental shrubs and trees. In 
 these earlier days he was in constant intercourse with Andrew 
 J. Downing, the ^ancient horticulturist and landscape gardener, 
 who resided on the opposite bank of the river at Newburgh. 
 With him he discussed his plans, — not as a docile pupil al- 
 together, but as an artist with views of his own, derived* from 
 study or intuition, which he could intelligently compare with 
 those of his more experienced friend, inspired with the same 
 love of nature and similar ideas of the true and beautiful in art. 
 
 There, in a few years, he created Wodenethe, a place of 
 unique and unrivalled charms, and long the wonder and admira- 
 tion of crowds of visitors, who came from all parts of the 
 country to walk through such grounds as they could find no- 
 where else. There, for forty years, saving only an occasional 
 visit to Europe, where he could not well find any twenty acres 
 crowded with more natural and cultivated beauties than his own, 
 he continued his study and his work, — the study and work of 
 a lifetime, — knowing every blade of grass, scrutinizing the effect 
 of every patch of foliage, every group of shrubs, every flower, 
 every leaf. 
 
 Taking his daily observations, with his note-book in hand, 
 nothing escaped his critical eye. It was a serious and a con- 
 scientious work with him. The same artistic talent that his 
 father had exhibited on canvas, the son manifested in his 
 grounds. He made his pictures, and set them in frames of 
 emerald, with an unerring taste and skill. There was no Dutch, 
 English, or Italian landscape-gardening in his work. It was his
 
 HENRY WINTHROP SARGENT. Ill 
 
 own and nature's, — the adaptation to his purposes of the origi- 
 nal growth upon his grounds, and the innumerable trees and 
 shrubs that he had brought together from every quarter of the 
 globe. 
 
 Mr. Sargent never added to his original purchase. He de- 
 clined all temptations to enlarge his boundaries. His ambition 
 was to make a small place perfect, and, by judicious trimming 
 and planting, to acquire an indefinite territory without the 
 bother and expense of the title-deeds. In this he was singu- 
 larly successful. You could not tell from any point where his 
 domain terminated. Hill, wood, and river, however remote, 
 seemed, as you looked out on them, to form a portion of his 
 grounds. 
 
 In this home he died, on the ioth November, 1882, leaving 
 a widow and one son surviving. By the pen of a kinsman, who 
 has obtained unrivalled eminence in the pursuits to which he was 
 himself attached, he has been described as the only American 
 who exclusively and without other occupation had devoted 
 himself for the best part of his life to the enjoyment and study 
 of the art of living in the country, and the practice of horticult- 
 ure. " Wodenethe," he adds, " under his hand became one 
 of the most beautiful and instructive gardens," " and its master, 
 during a full quarter of a century, the most widely-known and 
 famous of American gardeners." 
 
 He was a versatile writer ; amongst other publications, his 
 " Skeleton tours through England, Scotland, Ireland, etc." ; 
 " Scenes on the Hudson during the Revolution " ; " Treatise on 
 Landscape Gardening," — were very popular. He also wrote a 
 history of the forest trees of our country and Europe, and in 
 1873 edited "A. J. Downing's Cottage Residences."
 
 SAMUEL T. WORCESTER. 
 1804 — 1882. 
 
 BY HIS FRIEND, REV. FREDERICK ALVORD, OF NEW BRITAIN, 
 
 CONN. 
 
 SAMUEL THOMAS WORCESTER was born in Hollis, 
 N.H., August 30, 1804. He was the great-grandson 
 of Rev. Francis Worcester, a prominent clergyman of 
 colonial times, whose home was in Hollis. A grandson of Cap- 
 tain Noah Worcester, a zealous patriot in the Revolutionary 
 War, and a trusted man in the town affairs of Hollis, and a son 
 of Captain Jesse Worcester, a respected citizen of the same 
 town. His mother was Sarah Parker, of Hollis. 
 
 Judge Worcester was the thirteenth child in a family of 
 fifteen, — nine sons and six daughters, — and a brother of the 
 distinguished lexicographer, Joseph E. Worcester. Of the 
 nine sons, Joseph E. and Henry A. were graduates of Yale 
 College; Taylor G., Samuel T., and Frederick A., of Harvard 
 College. Jesse, Jr., died as he was about to enter Dartmouth 
 College, and David spent two years at Harvard, when he left 
 and became a teacher. 
 
 The subject of this sketch early felt a strong thirst for knowl- 
 edge, and, stimulated by the example of his elder brothers, 
 determined to obtain a public education. He prepared for 
 college at the academies of Pembroke, N.H., and Andover, 
 Mass., and graduated at Harvard in 1 830. After his gradu- 
 ation he taught school one year at Weymouth, Mass., and one 
 year at Cambridge. Having decided upon the profession of
 
 SAMUEL T. WORCESTER. 113 
 
 the law, he entered the office of the Hon. B. M. Farley, of 
 Hollis, and completed his studies at the law school in Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 In 1835 ne married Mary F. C. Wales, daughter of the late 
 Samuel Wales, Esq., of Stoughton, Mass., and the same year 
 removed to Norwalk, Ohio, where he established himself in the 
 practice of his profession. He soon gained the confidence of 
 all who knew him. He was elected a member of the Ohio 
 Senate in 1849 and 1850, and a district judge of the tenth Ohio 
 judicial district in 1859. This latter office he held till 1861, 
 when he was elected to the lower house of the United States 
 Congress, of which body Abraham Lincoln was at the same 
 time a member. 
 
 While in the Ohio Senate he acted on a committee for the 
 revision of the school laws of the State, and was instrumental in 
 grafting upon them some of the features of the New Hampshire 
 school laws. 
 
 He may be said, without injustice to others, to have laid the 
 foundation of the present public-school system of Ohio. To 
 him and his wife the town of Norwalk is largely indebted for a 
 valuable public library, established during their residence, and 
 which he generously remembered in his will. 
 
 In Norwalk he was associated with the law firm of Williams 
 & Boalt, afterwards Boalt & Worcester, and finally Worces- 
 ter & Pennewell. In 1867 he removed to Nashua, N.H., where 
 for a time he continued the practice of his profession ; was 
 chosen City Solicitor for two years ; served several terms on 
 the school board of education, and was continually active with 
 tongue and pen in promoting every good cause up to the time 
 of his death, December 6, 1882. 
 
 Judge Worcester was fond of the quiet pursuits of the scholar, 
 and devoted much of his leisure time to writing. 
 
 In 1 83 1 he published "Sequel to the Spelling Book;" in 
 1833, "American Primary Spelling Book; " in 1871, "Revised 
 Edition of Worcester's Comprehensive and Primary Diction- 
 aries," also, the same year, " Old and New," or " The School 
 Systems of Ohio and New Hampshire Compared," and, in 1879, 
 " History of the Town of Hollis."
 
 114 IN MEM OR I AM. 
 
 In addition to these works he was a frequent contributor of 
 historical articles to the press. 
 
 He delivered the principal address at the bi-centennial celebra- 
 tion of Old Dunstable, October 2j, 1873. 
 
 His last public effort was an exhaustive paper, read before the 
 New Hampshire Historical Society, entitled, " New Hampshire 
 at the Battle of Bunker Hill." 
 
 On learning of the death of Judge Worcester, the Huron 
 County Bar, of Ohio, of which he was for thirty years a mem- 
 ber, at a meeting held at Norwalk, December 16, passed the 
 following resolutions : — 
 
 " Resolved, That the members of the bar of Huron County 
 have heard with profound regret of the death of Judge Samuel 
 T. Worcester, who died at his home in Nashua, N.H., on the 
 sixth day of December, 1882. 
 
 " Resolved, That in the Hon. Samuel T. Worcester we recog- 
 nize one who, in all his relations with his fellow-men, whether 
 in public relation or in private life, filled the full measure of his 
 duty. He was a learned and able jurist, a wise and safe coun- 
 sellor, a public-spirited, liberal, and patriotic citizen, a man of 
 pure life and strict integrity, and he has left us an example 
 worthy of all imitation. 
 
 " Resolved, That, with the permission of the Court, these res- 
 olutions be spread upon the records, to there remain as a slight 
 testimonial from the members of the bar of Huron County to 
 the worth, ability, and purity of character of the deceased jurist." 
 
 Extended and highly complimentary remarks were made 
 upon the foregoing resolutions by several members of the bar, 
 all of whom bore their unequivocal testimony to his rare worth 
 as a man and a citizen, and to his unswerving fidelity in all the 
 private and public relations of life. 
 
 At his funeral, which occurred at his late residence in Nashua, 
 December 9, 1882, the following address was delivered by Rev. 
 Frederick Alvord, of the First Congregational Church, his pas- 
 tor for fourteen years : — 
 
 " The passing away from earth of such a man as our departed 
 friend deserves more than ordinary mention. His form will be 
 seen no more, but we shall not soon forget the man. The ex-
 
 SAMUEL T. WORCESTER. 115 
 
 ample he has left is of priceless value, not alone in its pure 
 quality, but in its breadth and depth, covering as it did every 
 department of his outward life. The virtues of the dead are a 
 legacy to the living. 
 
 " Judge Worcester sprang from a representative New England 
 family. His ancestors were sturdy, self-reliant, religious men 
 and women of the type who planted the colonies of Plymouth 
 and Massachusetts Bay. These characteristics were conspicuous 
 in him. He was a fine example of a genuine New Englander. 
 In common with several of his brothers, he sought and enjoyed 
 the advantages of a collegiate education. Few families could 
 count more children, or show more intellectual culture, than the 
 one in which he was born. I shall not now speak of his public 
 life, or of his literary labors, except simply to say, that what- 
 ever position he held he filled ably and faithfully, whether in 
 the State of his birth or of his adoption ; in the local or national 
 Legislature; acting with the Committee on Education in Ohio, 
 or on the School Board of this city ; as a writer or as an ad- 
 vocate, — to the discharge of all these varied duties he brought 
 a disciplined mind, a painstaking patience, and an abiding 
 sense of responsibility. 
 
 " It is rather of him as a man in the deep underflow of his life 
 that I shall chiefly speak. If we can find what lies down there, 
 it will not be difficult to determine the influence or the value of 
 his public services. The moral quality of a man's character 
 diffuses itself through the whole circle of his activities. Soon 
 after coming to this city I discovered what sort of a man this is 
 who has been taken from us, and a fuller and somewhat intimate 
 acquaintance has only served to confirm my first opinion. He 
 grew in your esteem ; you did not at first see all there was of 
 him. One needed to know him well to take the full measure of 
 his worth. Like some precious jewels, the more carefully you 
 looked at him the richer did his character appear. There have 
 been many men of wider knowledge, of larger intellect, of more 
 commanding talents ; but I hesitate not to say that there have 
 been few men of finer moral fibre, of more inborn delicacy of 
 soul, of a more royal character. A close analysis will bear out 
 these statements.
 
 116 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 " The first thing you noticed about him was his hearty and 
 unstudied frankness. He was an open book that everybody 
 could read. The grasp of his honest hand was both a welcome 
 and a benediction. No one could feel ill at ease in his house 
 or in his presence. His cordial manner and large intelligence 
 made his society most attractive to his friends. No man I ever 
 met so much reminded me of Abraham Lincoln as he who so 
 lately animated this body. Not unlike him in his general 
 appearance, he was strikingly like him in his immaculate 
 honesty and immovable integrity. Like him, he had a marked 
 individuality. His best type is found in the granite hills of his 
 native State. There was a certain something about him which 
 said, in unmistakable language, " This is an honest man." His 
 very presence was a quick rebuke to the first thought that 
 looked for his favor or partnership in anything wrong. Many 
 times have I heard him express his emphatic disapproval of 
 what seemed to him indirect and dishonest in conduct. So open 
 and straightforward was his own way of reaching an end that 
 any deviation from it antagonized his whole nature. 
 
 "He had a keen sense of honor, yea, he was the very soul of 
 honor. He was the last man you might expect to find doing 
 anything unmanly or mean. It was not in him to stoop so low 
 as this. True himself, he liked to trust others. Honorable in 
 sentiment and in act himself, he was quick to discern and to value 
 this quality in others. He would have indignantly repelled any 
 suggestion compromising his honor, or leaving the smallest stain 
 upon it. His sense of honor made him high-minded and noble 
 to a remarkable degree. His feelings were refined, his desires 
 elevated. There was as little of grossness in his moral nature as 
 we could expect to find in fallen man. 
 
 "While such a nature enjoys much, it also suffers much, on 
 account of the contrasts to which it is constantly held. His 
 charity was abounding. On his tongue was the law of kindness. 
 While he could not help seeing the faults of others, he was slow 
 to speak of them and slower still to speak unkindly. In the 
 delicacy and purity of his nature he was almost womanly. Not 
 the whit the less of a man did this quality make him ; on the 
 contrary, it was so blended with others, that while it softened
 
 SAMUEL T. WORCESTER. 117 
 
 them, it added dignity and strength to his manly character. 
 Few men who have mingled so much with the world as he did 
 have come out with purer hearts or cleaner hands. He was un- 
 commonly free from all appearance of self-seeking or of a mere 
 wordly ambition. He never learned the art of trimming, or of 
 suspicious reserve, which it is so easy to learn in our hard con- 
 tacts with the world. He did not know how to shut up the 
 windows of his soul. He did not know how to give you the 
 impression that he knew vastly more than he was willing to tell. 
 He put on no airs of superior wisdom. His nature was pecu- 
 liarly transparent. He carried the simplicity of the child 
 through to the end. He never returned to his childhood traits, 
 for he never lost them. 
 
 " He was large-hearted and generous to a fault. While scrupu- 
 lously careful to do exact justice to all, he believed that his 
 fellow-men had other claims upon him than those that fell under 
 the letter of the law. He recognized the fact that he was a part 
 of society, and that a spirit of benevolence is the law of the 
 social life. His heart overflowed with the milk of human kind- 
 ness. No one could fall within the circle of his personality 
 without feeling the uplifting touch of a warm and magnanimous 
 soul. His presence made you better. He was always ready to 
 help all good causes. The Home for Aged Women in this city 
 will not soon forget his generous benefactions. His gifts were 
 often bestowed quietly, in a way known to but few. He had 
 the moral courage of his convictions. He was quick to discern 
 the right and firm to pursue it. He never took counsel of self- 
 interest or of the fear of man, when once he had decided that 
 he ought to pursue a given line of action. The only question 
 he asked was: " Is it right? " He would have plucked out an 
 eye sooner than deliberately do wrong. And yet, with all this 
 strength of conviction, he was catholic in his feelings and gen- 
 erous in his judgments. He cheerfully accorded to others the 
 same rights of opinion which he claimed for himself. He never 
 tried to separate himself from what he did. He recognized the 
 fact that* a man's character is stamped upon all his acts, public 
 and private, and that the responsibility of 'them belongs to him 
 alone. This clear discernment of right, and willingness to do
 
 118 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 it, easily placed him among the foremost of the friends of moral 
 reform. He was a born reformer. No one ever had a more 
 painful sense of the evils of intemperance than he. No one 
 ever sought more honestly to remove them. We all remember 
 a few years ago, how earnestly he and his most efficient wife 
 tried to break the power of this evil among us. He ardently 
 loved the cause of moral reform in all its departments, and 
 rejoiced at every sign of progress. 
 
 "He was exceedingly affectionate. Only those who knew him 
 intimately can understand this. His devotion to his wife, while 
 living, was beautiful ; his loyalty to her memory since her death 
 has been equally beautiful. It has been his aim, so far as pos- 
 sible, to do in all things as he thought she would have him do. 
 
 " His domestic relations were exceedingly happy. His wife 
 was a woman of strong intellect and independent judgment, 
 and she proved to be his trusted companion and most efficient 
 helper. They were admirably adapted to each other, and their 
 mutual confidence was something to be admired and imitated. 
 
 "Blessed with no children of their own, they adopted a niece 
 of Mrs. Worcester, whom they tenderly cherished, and who be- 
 came the wife of Dr. L. W. Puffer, of Brockton, Mass., where 
 she still resides. 
 
 " Mrs. Worcester died April, 1874, and the discourse preached 
 on the occasion of her funeral by her pastor, Rev. F. Alvord, 
 was published. 
 
 "Judge Worcester was fond of his kindred, and extended to 
 them an open-handed hospitality. He was always happy to 
 have his neighbors and friends call upon him. He was a good 
 listener as well as a good talker. A social hour in his house 
 was a rare privilege. The heartiness of his welcome when you 
 entered was equalled only by that of his " Call again," when you 
 left. 
 
 " Judge Worcester was a true Christian gentleman, I may say 
 one of the best examples. There was nothing artificial about 
 him. He was just what he appeared to be. With him to be 
 gentlemanly was both an instinct and a principle. He Sid not 
 learn it from the schools. Nature gave it to him. It was in- 
 born.
 
 SAMUEL T. WORCESTER. 119 
 
 " The gentleman cannot be made anymore than the poet. At 
 first his somewhat rough exterior and brusque manner had a 
 momentary tendency to repel, especially if you did not know 
 him very well ; but you would soon discover that true grace 
 and beauty belong to something deeper than what the eye sees. 
 You would quickly forget what it was that gave you that first 
 repulse in your admiration of his superb qualities of mind and 
 of heart. How polite he was ! What courteousness ! What 
 suavity, even ! There was something in the very tone of his 
 voice, which bespoke refinement of soul, and the instincts of a 
 true gentleman ; you were thankful to be permitted to feel the 
 touch of such a pure and lofty nature, that you might, if possi- 
 ble, be lifted to his level. 
 
 " He was a religious man, — more, he was a Christian man. He 
 drank in the spirit of the Christian religion from his ancestors, 
 and this fact, no doubt, had much to do in forming his own relig- 
 ious character. I would not offer any conjectures, but I may 
 speak of that I do know. From repeated conversations with 
 him, I am confident that he held to the essentials of the Christian 
 faith. Religion with him was practical rather than theoretical. 
 He believed more in the witnessing life than in the verbal decla- 
 ration. He sought for the fruits, and he had no confidence in 
 the creed that did not give corresponding fruits. He accepted 
 the Bible in the substance of its teachings as a revelation from 
 God, and the Lord Jesus Christ as the only Saviour of man. 
 And he who can do this, although in some other respects his 
 faith may not have that symmetry we could wish, is clearly entitled 
 to the name Christian. He studied God's word. He was a 
 man of prayer. It is not for us to judge any one ; God only 
 pronounces righteous judgment. 
 
 "'By their fruits,' says the Master, ' ye shall know them.' 
 One may hold in his heart the living essence of truths which he 
 shrinks from attempting to put into words, and could not if he 
 should attempt it. He showed his consistency by a careful 
 observance of the Sabbath and of public worship. He believed 
 in the historic Christian church, and gratefully recognized its 
 great work for man. 
 
 " He kept himself thoroughly informed in regard to the state of
 
 120 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 the religious world. He habitually read the ' Congrega- 
 tionalist ' and the ' Missionary Herald.' Holding, as he did, 
 peculiar views on some points of doctrine, he might naturally 
 have excused himself from participating in the work and worship 
 of any of the churches of this city. Instead of this, however, 
 he was a cordial supporter of the Church of Christ among us, 
 and at his former home in Ohio. After the death of his wife, 
 more than eight years ago, he withdrew little by little from 
 public life, and sought retirement in his home, where he divided 
 his time between the use of his pen and the enjoyment of the 
 leisure which his age and industry had so well earned. He 
 grew lonely. His large circle of brothers and sisters was re- 
 duced to four. Almost all his schoolmates in Hollis and his 
 college classmates at Harvard were gone. He stood almost 
 alone among the children of his own generation, now only a 
 remnant. 
 
 " In these circumstances it was natural that he should lean 
 more and more towards the spiritual world, whither so many of 
 his kindred and friends had gone before him. He longed for 
 their companionship. For the last year it has been evident that he 
 was nearing the end of his journey. Of late he has frequently 
 said that his stay could not be long. His arrangements for his 
 departure were deliberate, careful, minute. For the final sum- 
 mons we cannot doubt that he was ready, even glad to obey. 
 It is hard to realize that we shall see his pleasant face and com- 
 manding form on these streets no more. On the 6th day of 
 December, 1882, — a day that will be, forever memorable in 
 astronomical science, at high noon, at the very time when so 
 many eyes on this little planet were eagerly gazing at the sun 
 to witness the transit of Venus, his liberated spirit took its flight 
 somewhere among these rolling spheres to the mansions of the 
 Father, to the ' house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.' 
 
 "The removal of a man whose character was so transparent in 
 its purity, and whose life was such a positive force for good, is 
 a great loss to this community. It will be deeply felt. His 
 exalted worth is a rich legacy and a stimulating example to the 
 young men of this city and to us all. God grant that these may 
 not be lost."
 
 SAMUEL M. EMERY. 
 
 1804 — 1883. 
 
 BY HIS WIFE, MARY H. EMERY, OF NEWBURYPORT, MASS. 
 
 SAMUEL MOODY EMERY, son of Moody and Abigail 
 Prescott Emery, was born in that part of the town of 
 Newbury, Massachusetts, now called West Newbury, 
 A.D. 1804. His father was a descendant of John Emery, one 
 of the early settlers of " ould Newbury." Samuel was the 
 fourth of five children. His health, in early life, was delicate; 
 but, by the Divine blessing and the care of a devoted mother, 
 and the simple habits of the country, he developed a constitu- 
 tion enduring, though not robust. He was remarkable for agility, 
 excelling all his playmates in running and leaping. For the 
 greater part of his life he was a rapid and almost untiring 
 walker. 
 
 In youth he was noted for uprightness of conduct. A friend 
 who remembers him in boyhood describes him as one always 
 to be depended upon to speak the truth on any occasion of 
 dispute. Another, a few years his junior, writes, " His in- 
 flunce over me, when a motherless boy, was most satisfactory." 
 
 Mr v Emery's reminiscences of the first school he attended 
 — presided over by a lady called " Ma'am Jewett" — were very 
 amusing as related by him, in after years, to entertain his 
 children. When considered old and strong enough he was 
 promoted to this public school near his own home. 
 
 He was prepared for college at Phillips Exeter Academy, and 
 entered Harvard University, 1826. While in college he 
 employed his winter vacations in teaching school, to assist in
 
 122 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 defraying his expenses. Being obliged to exert himself, he 
 appreciated his advantages and was diligent in study. His 
 standing in college was good, as he was among those who had 
 "parts" for Commencement. A classmate thus writes of him; 
 " In college he was the same modest, unassuming person he 
 was in all the years after graduation. So early as college life 
 he developed his high-toned character and stainless reputation." 
 
 After his graduation, in 1830, he continued his occupation 
 of teaching. In March, 1831, he took charge of the clas- 
 sical department of Northfield Academy, and remained in 
 that school three terms. He was, from October 12, 1831, to 
 August, 1833, Instructor of the Young Ladies' High School, 
 at Portsmouth, N.H. Here he made many agreeable acquaint- 
 ances, and some valued friends. One of these was the Rev. 
 Charles Burroughs, D.D., rector of St. John's Church, by whom 
 he was baptized on Sept. 3, 1832. On the next Sunday he was 
 confirmed by the Rt. Rev. A. V. Griswold, Bishop of the East- 
 ern diocese. 
 
 Sometime previous, while a teacher in Lowell, Mr. Emery 
 had become acquainted with the saintly rector of St. Anne's 
 Church in that city, whose instructions and example must have 
 influenced him favorably towards this step which he took at 
 Portsmouth. His faith in the church of which he then became 
 a member was intelligent, founded upon a settled conviction that 
 it was a branch of the " one Catholic and Apostolic Church," 
 and never wavered, but was held as a " sound Churchman " 
 believes it. 
 
 He became a candidate for Holy Orders while at Portsmouth. 
 He took a room at Cambridge, November 15, and pursued the 
 study of theology under the direction of Rev. Dr. Coit. Sub- 
 sequently he was instructed by the Rev. Dr. Wainwright, then 
 rector of Trinity Church, Boston. While engaged in preparing 
 for Orders Mr. Emery still instructed pupils. 
 
 In the winter of 1835 he had the care of several students, 
 who had been sent from college to Lancaster, — the gentleman 
 in whose charge they were placed being chosen a member of 
 the State Legislature, and obliged to procure a substitute. Mr. 
 Emery was occupied with this duty about three months.
 
 SAMUEL M. EMERY. 123 
 
 He returned to Cambridge, and on July 28, 1835, was or ~ 
 dained Deacon, with two other candidates, in (old) Trinity 
 Church, Boston. Mr. Emery was presented by the Rev. William 
 Croswell, then rector of Christ Church, where he preached his 
 first sermon. 
 
 On 1 2th December, 1835, ne left Cambridge to go to Chat- 
 ham (now Portland), — a town beautifully situated on the Con- 
 necticut River, opposite the city of Middletown. Here he 
 entered upon the duties of assistant to the rector of Trinity 
 Church, — the Rev. William Jarvis, — disabled by laryngitis. 
 The parish was an important one, having built a new church in 
 1830, and the illness of the rector, in the midst of his usefulness, 
 was disheartening to his congregation and himself. He received 
 and treated his curate and successor, who for nearly six years 
 resided in his family, as a younger brother. As Mr. Jarvis did 
 not recover the use of his voice sufficiently to resume his work 
 of preaching, Mr. Emery was elected to the rectorship in April, 
 1837. The former rector and his family retained their pleasant 
 home in Portland until 1852, and were then, and after their re- 
 moval, most kind and generous friends to Mr. Emery and his 
 
 household. Mrs. C , of Hartford, a daughter of Mr. Jarvis, 
 
 writes of Dr. Emery, since his death, as one " who has been a 
 life-long friend, and who, as the years went on, seemed more 
 and more as a kinsman, beloved for his noble worth, and his 
 holy, blameless life." 
 
 The new rector was admitted to Priests' Orders by the Rt. 
 Rev. T. C. Brownell, Bishop of Connecticut, in Trinity Church, 
 Chatham, May 14, 1837. From the first, Mr. Emery entered 
 with his whole strength into his parish duties. If he heard of a 
 case of illness or affliction among the people of his charge, he 
 did not wait for a summons, but attended them as soon as pos- 
 sible. He sought to be acquainted with all his parishioners, 
 and felt acutely their joys and sorrows. Were there space 
 many interesting incidents of his pastoral visits could be cited. 
 His advice on secular as well as religious matters was often 
 sought. 
 
 He was married, Nov. 17, 1841, to Mary H. Emery, daughter 
 of Eliphalet Emery, Esq., of West Newbury, Massachusetts.
 
 ] 24 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Emery, of whom six 
 survive their beloved and honored father. 
 
 In his home, Mr. Emery seemed an exemplification of 
 " Herbert's Country Parson," making allowance for differences 
 of countries and times. The kindest husband and father, he 
 ruled " his children and his own house well." He practised 
 hospitality, keeping his house open to his parishioners, and de- 
 licrhtinCT to entertain friends from out of town and brethren of 
 the clergy. He was fond of young people, and attracted them 
 by his cheerful conversation, in which a vein of humor was per- 
 ceptible. He retained nearly to the close of life his aptness 
 to teach. He prepared several young men for Trinity College, 
 Hartford, — one for the Sophomore Class. 
 
 He frequently preached three times on Sundays, and held 
 service on other days and evenings. His sermons, of which he 
 left a large number, were usually prepared with much thought 
 and labor. He was an earnest preacher, and commanded the 
 attention of a congregation. When very thoroughly roused 
 and animated by his subject, he became truly eloquent. If he 
 had had more self-assertion, if he had preached " himself" 
 more, instead of "Christ Jesus the Lord;" if his object had 
 been to become " a sensational preacher," he might have made 
 more noise in the world ; but he felt too deeply and sincerely 
 the sacredness of his office to carry secular subjects or religious 
 gossip into the pulpit. His endeavor was to instruct his pa- 
 rishioners in the doctrines "which a Christian ought to know and 
 believe to his soul's health," and in their duties to God and their 
 neighbor. 
 
 Before Dr. Emery left Connecticut he had the pleasure of 
 assisting in services at the laying of the " corner-stone " of a 
 neat rural chapel, in the eastern part of the town, the result of a 
 mission begun by him and carried on with the help of a divinity 
 student. In less than a year after leaving Portland he returned 
 to be present at the consecration of this chapel, — " St. John 
 Baptist." 
 
 In 1838 Mr. Emery received the degree of A.M. from Trinity 
 College, Hartford, and of S.T.D., in 1864, from the same insti- 
 tution.
 
 SAMUEL M. EMERY. 125 
 
 For some time previous to leaving the State Dr. Emery was 
 one of the trustees of Berkeley Divinity School, in Middletown. 
 At this city there was an able corps of clergy, with the godly 
 and learned Bishop Williams at their head. Dr. Emery was on 
 terms of intimate friendship with many of these, and with other 
 neighboring clergymen, some of them much younger than 
 himself. 
 
 He made no display of his piety, but no one who witnessed 
 his self-denying devotion to duty could doubt the principle 
 which actuated him ; and in his private diary his serene faith in 
 God, through our Lord Jesus Christ, is, from time to time, 
 expressed. 
 
 He resigned the rectorship of Trinity Church, Portland, on 
 Easter Monday, 1870, the resignation taking effect June 19, the 
 same year. Before the close of summer the whole family were 
 settled in West Newbury, Massachusetts, on an ancestral farm, 
 part of which was " laid out unto John Emery Jun.," in 1644. 
 Dr. Emery did not desire another rectorship ; but, wishing to 
 serve in the ministry, he supplied vacant parishes as opportun- 
 ity offered, or assisted other clergymen, — especially the Rev. 
 George D. Johnson, elected rector of St. Paul's, Newburyport, 
 near the close of the year 1870, and remaining about five years. 
 Dr. Emery's relations with him were very pleasant. 
 
 In West Newbury Dr. Emery was Superintendent of Public 
 Schools, from 1871 to February or March, 1874. 
 
 After changing his residence to Newburyport, November, 1873, 
 he officiated, as before, in different places, sometimes many con- 
 secutive Sundays in a parish. He often performed offices of the 
 Church, and, during the absence of the rector of St. Paul's 
 Church, had the pastoral care of that parish for a number of 
 weeks. He was " minister-in-charge " of St. James' Church, 
 Amesbury, for about two years. 
 
 In the spring of 1882 Dr. Emery and family returned to their 
 West Newbury home. He was now unable to officiate in 
 public, but held divine service in his own house nearly every 
 Sunday morning, to the end of his life. On two occasions he 
 said the office for the Burial of the Dead, at dwellings about 
 two miles from his own.
 
 126 IN MEM OUT AM. 
 
 He interested himself in the cultivation of his farm, and kindly 
 cared for the comfort of those employed on it. He was an 
 example of patience, and even cheerfulness. It was a sore trial 
 to him to give up the active duties of his life-work, but his trust 
 in the Divine goodness sustained him. He had a great dread 
 of giving trouble to others, and feared losing his ability to be 
 useful. He was mercifully spared from realizing this fear. He 
 had been for months an invalid, but did not give up taking 
 exercise out of doors, and attended to many affairs. On Sunday, 
 August 12, he officiated at the service in his house with much 
 energy. On the 15th he was not well, but continued his accus- 
 tomed employments, until afternoon, when he had an attack of 
 indigestion. He seemed partially relieved early in the evening. 
 Later, alarming symptoms occurred, which increased, with some 
 intermissions, till about ten o'clock the next morning, when he 
 quietly entered into rest. He was conscious much of the time 
 of his short illness, spoke affectionately to those around him, 
 joined devoutly in the prayers offered by his bedside by the 
 rector of St. Paul's Church, Newburyport, responding with an 
 audible voice the "Aniens," and repeated distinctly the Lord's 
 Prayer. 
 
 His funeral was attended, on the morning of the 20th, 
 from St. Paul's Church, Newburyport. The rector and seven 
 of the clergy were present there, and at the Belleville Ceme- 
 tery, where, with holy rites, his body was laid to " rest in 
 hope." 
 
 The large congregation of friends at the church showed the 
 loving estimation in which the deceased was held. 
 
 The Rt. Rev. the Bishop of Massachusetts, being prevented 
 from attending, expressed in a letter of condolence to the 
 bereaved family his high regard for the departed. 
 
 The following is an extract from a minute, adopted by the 
 Vestry of Trinity Church, Portland, Conn., after Dr. Emery's 
 death : — 
 
 " As assistant and rector his ministry in Portland covered a 
 period of thirty-five years, the longest in our annals. From 
 1835 to 1870 he broke the bread of life to feed the flock of 
 God committed to his care ; he went in and out among us as a
 
 SAMUEL M. EMERY. 127 
 
 faithful imitator of the Good Shepherd, and ' an example of 
 the believers in word, in conversation, in spirit, in faith, in 
 purity.' Two generations of parishioners remember with grati- 
 tude his kindly ministrations, and look to see him receive the 
 crown of life when the Chief Shepherd shall appear." 
 
 A writer in the " Hartford Evening Post " says of Dr. Emery, 
 as rector of Trinity Church, Portland : " He had the respect 
 and confidence of the whole people of the town, without regard 
 to religious beliefs or party preferences. In a word, he was a 
 ' Christian gentleman,' and many are the word tributes of 
 loving respect that have been uttered here. . . . Dr. 
 Emery's labors were not confined to his own parish. For 
 thirty-two years he had supervision of the public schools of the 
 town, and no one will venture to say that they were ever in a 
 better condition than during that time. He also held religious 
 services at the almshouse at stated periods, and in other remote 
 parts of the town. He obtruded his religious belief upon no 
 one, but by his kind heart and unaffected modesty ' drew men 
 unto him.' "
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 
 1813 — 1883. 
 
 BY HIS CLASSMATE, THOMAS C. AMORY. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN, son of Isaac 
 Warren and Abigail Fiske, was born in Charlestown, 
 now part of the city of Boston, October 1, 1813. He 
 died in that city, in the house next west of the Boston Athe- 
 naeum, May 13, 1883. 
 
 That the first American progenitor of this name was like 
 Macenas, as Horace relates in the first line of the Odes, atavis 
 editus regibus, — a very common privilege, if any it be, — has 
 been made clear by the work of Doctor John C. Warren upon 
 the descendants of Gundreda. It seems more than probable 
 that his ancestor, John, who came over to Massachusetts in 
 1630, with Winthrop and Saltonstall, was brother of Richard of 
 Plymouth, and the father of Peter, from whom the author of 
 that work traces his descent. That John, the ancestor of the 
 Warrens of Watertown, was identical with the companion of 
 Saltonstall, seems difficult to doubt. We reserve for a more 
 fitting occasion the grounds of this belief; not that they are 
 without interest here, where the name and blood of the War- 
 rens are so largely represented, but for the reason that this 
 memoir of our classmate already occupies so many pages. 
 
 In the sixth generation from this John (1 585-1667), who 
 settled at Watertown, on Massachusetts Bay, in 1630, his 
 ascending line of ancestry are: Isaac, 1 758—1 834 ; Elisha, 1716- 
 1795; John, 1 684-1 745 ; John, 1 665-1 703 ; Daniel. All of them 
 appear to have possessed the sterling qualities to win from their
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 129 
 
 contemporaries affection and respect. Their memories, kept 
 in mind by many a monument of their own achievement, are 
 still cherished by their descendants as their most precious heir- 
 loom. They in turn inherited and transmitted that good sense, 
 integrity, and thrift which secured to them, as their genera- 
 tions moved on, health and happiness, the confidence of the 
 public, with a fair share of official responsibilities and honors. 
 The trust in providence, which insured them independence, 
 and in so many ways constituted life a blessing, is observable 
 in what we know of their experiences and in the correspond- 
 ence they have left. 
 
 George's father had already been twice a widower when, in 
 1 8 10, he married Abigail Fiske, the widow of Isaac Lamson, of 
 Weston, who was born April 4, 1769, and died 1858, at the ad- 
 vanced age of eighty-nine. We find frequent intermarriages 
 between the Warrens, Lamsons, and Fiskes, — families all alike 
 honored and honorable in their various branches. The Fiskes 
 were especially distinguished as divines in the puritan pulpit, 
 as able expounders and eloquent preachers. The Warrens 
 may have been somewhat more independent in their religious 
 belief. We find that John, the original patriarch, who had 
 settled at Watertown, had acquired there a large estate. He 
 served as selectman from 1636 to 1640. When Endicott ruled 
 the colony, 1651-1661, he was proceeded against for expressing 
 his dissent, not long before he died, to portions of the Cam- 
 bridge platform. His descendants were generally, however, 
 steadfast to the faith of their fathers, and George's parents, 
 rigid Calvinists, would have been pleased if their son, the 
 subject of this memoir, had kept true to the ancestral belief. 
 
 When eight years of age, in 182 1, he was sent to board with 
 Rev. Mr. Webster, at Hampton, on the southern borders of 
 New Hampshire, that he might attend the Academy at that 
 place. Here he remained two years. From the summer of 
 1823 to the summer of 1824 he was at the Framingham 
 Academy, and the next year at that of Stowe, where he met 
 his future wife, a scholar at the same school. Such opportu- 
 nities for studying the marvels of nature at the period of life 
 when the mind and imagination are peculiarly sensitive to their
 
 130 IN MEM OKI AM. 
 
 impressions were not thrown away on one so happily consti- 
 tuted. His teachers were of the best to inspire a taste for 
 knowledge, to quicken his mental faculties, as also to develop 
 his sense of right. 
 
 The letters of his father, still extant, and which he often 
 reperused as he progressed, were admirably calculated to 
 form his character upon elevated standards, to instil principles 
 of religious responsibility and dependence, which he exempli- 
 fied in his character and conduct throughout the vicissitudes of 
 his life. In selecting Amherst for his collegiate course his 
 father may have in some measure been actuated by one of his 
 wife's brothers having been connected with that institution as a 
 professor ; he also cherished the hope that the influences of the 
 place might dispose George to follow in the footsteps of so 
 many of his progenitors and become a Puritan minister. An- 
 other brother of Mrs. Warren, Dr. Thaddeus Fiske, was settled 
 over the parish of West Cambridge, now Arlington, for half a 
 century. He was himself a deacon in the First Church of 
 Charlestown, of which Dr. Morse, the geographer, was pastor. 
 By nature and nurture preeminently religious and devout, the 
 concerns of this life were less precious in his sight than those 
 of that to come. 
 
 To a young lad of twelve, of an ardent temperament, jealous 
 of restraint, with special aptitude for enjoyment, such a future 
 as that his father in the goodness of his heart had planned 
 for him was peculiarly distasteful. The gloomy austerities of 
 Amherst soon became repugnant to all his conceptions of what 
 was pleasant and agreeable. He had not been long within its 
 walls before his forebodings were more than realized. Dis- 
 pleased and discontented he besought his father with respectful 
 firmness to remove him to Harvard, where his surroundings 
 would be more congenial. The parental decision, that he 
 better remain where he was, he obeyed, and with filial affection 
 and reverence he submitted even with a good grace to what he 
 could not control. He frequently afterwards, in all frankness, 
 returned to the subject in his correspondence and conversation, 
 and to one whose pains had been untiring to form his mind and 
 character it must have pleased the father to see this mark of
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 131 
 
 independence in stating fearlessly his reasons for the faith that 
 was in him. 
 
 He had been nearly two years at Amherst when an incident 
 occurred, somewhat distressing to them both at the time, to set 
 him free. One day, emptying a bowl of water from his window 
 down upon the footpath underneath, some drops sprinkled the 
 dress of a member of the faculty who was passing, too much 
 absorbed in his meditations to take heed of any such possibility 
 of peril. It may have been unintentional. There seems, how- 
 ever, to have been some suspicion that it was from design, and 
 to resent some supposed injustice. It ruffled the temper of the 
 don, who reported the misdemeanor, though Mr. Warren and 
 his friends endeavored to avert the consequences as out of pro- 
 portion to the offence. The government of the college, in- 
 censed at this presumed indignity to one of their august body, 
 were not to be appeased. George was suspended. 
 
 It seems to have been his good fortune to pursue his studies 
 under favorable conditions for diligence and in pleasant places, 
 where nature presented to his plastic spirit in the scenery and 
 cultivation about him much both to charm and instruct. In 
 charge of the Rev. Dr. Stowe, of Braintree, he worked with 
 little interruption, and in 1827, well fitted for his examination, he 
 became at last, as he had so long eagerly desired, a student of 
 Harvard. He entered the Sophomore class, and, though he had 
 only attained his fourteenth year, his own experience, the in- 
 structions of many cultivated minds, eager for his own sake and 
 his father's to quicken his mind and discipline his character, 
 had not been in vain. 
 
 His diligence within the college walls at Cambridge continued 
 unabated, and though the youngest of his classmates, and 
 many of them very, much older than himself and more mature, 
 he ranked well for scholarship. He gained and kept the 
 respect of the professors and teachers, formed many lasting 
 friendships with his classmates and with those in the classes 
 above and below, and was generally beloved. For the Hasty 
 Pudding Society he wrote a poem in 1829, and in 1830, chosen 
 class poet, another for that occasion, which, well conceived and 
 happily phrased, deserved and elicited applause.
 
 132 IN MEM OR JAM. 
 
 In the winter vacation of the year that he graduated, as was 
 then not unusual where such opportunities offered, he was an 
 assistant teacher of the Warren Academy at Woburn, which 
 his father had recently founded. His father had not abandoned 
 the hope, now that he had obtained his degree, that he would 
 carry out the plan still fondly cherished, and become an Ortho- 
 dox minister. But when he urged upon him the study of 
 divinity, he found to his grief that George had conscientious 
 scruples, having become sceptical as to the Westminster Cate- 
 chism and Cambridge platform. What he had apprehended 
 from the influences of Harvard, and which had led to his pref- 
 erence for Amherst, had come to pass, for his son had become 
 a Unitarian. He was too firmly fixed in his own religious 
 views not to he disappointed, too sincere a Christian himself to 
 disturb the faith of another. This disappointment did not 
 lessen their cordial affection, and they remained good friends as 
 before. 
 
 This inability to carry out his father's plan for him had one 
 good effect. He felt it all the more incumbent upon him to 
 be permanently pecuniarily independent of his father, and he 
 accepted an offer made to him to become assistant teacher in 
 the Friends' Academy at New Bedford. The next year he 
 opened, under his own tuition, a classical school for young 
 ladies, which continued until 1834. Coming fresh from the 
 instruction of Harvard, which, if not as varied and complete as 
 at present, made many excellent scholars, with his harness on, 
 his mind well furnished, his aesthetic nature vivid with his own 
 considerable experiences in life and extended scholarship, he 
 was well constituted to inspire the young ladies intrusted to his 
 charge with a thirst for knowledge. By making instruction 
 pleasant he sought not only to develop and regulate their facul- 
 ties, but to fix tenaciously in their memories what it was good 
 for them to know. He took especial pains to render his 
 school-rooms cheerful and attractive, and his cordial and sym- 
 pathetic disposition, while ever chastened by his high sense of 
 obligation and the importance of maintaining his authority, in- 
 spired friendship and confidence. 
 
 His varied accomplishments in letters eminently fitted him
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 133 
 
 for his task. Besides being well grounded in the classics he 
 spoke French, Spanish, and Italian. He was well acquainted 
 with the masterpieces of those languages, and was in the habit 
 of reading weekly, up to the day of his death, his Hebrew Bible 
 and the Greek Testament. If the instruction of Harvard was 
 not so universal as now, many branches of knowledge, such as 
 metaphysics and mathematics, were then less abstruse and 
 remote. What was needed for the general purposes of life was 
 more simply inculcated and better understood, for it was less 
 entangled with subtle distinctions and puzzling limitations. If 
 dialectics are more scientific, the more certain knowledge de- 
 rived from intuition and observation as taught by Locke, by 
 Stuart, Reed, and Browne, whose works we then studied, of the 
 operations of the human mind and our moral and emotional 
 nature, was quite as valuable as our present doubts. 
 
 This pleasant relation of instructor to the best and brightest 
 of the choicest circles of New Bedford, opened wide to him the 
 gates of its society, one eminently refined and cultivated. He 
 became a great favorite with those most eminent in professional 
 walks. Many already known over the land, or who have since 
 become distinguished, were among his intimate associates. It 
 is sufficient to mention the Hon. Thomas Dawes Eliot, Governor 
 John H. Clifford, Judge Oliver Prescott, Benjamin Rotch, and 
 Benjamin Lindsay. Their very names explain why his resi- 
 dence in this beautiful city of gardens he ever afterwards re- 
 membered as one of the happiest periods of his life. 
 
 His correspondence even from the time he entered college 
 and down to this period, when he had reached his majority, 
 shows how desirous he was of passing his life in the pursuits of 
 literature and of becoming an author or professor. While at 
 New Bedford he was tendered the position of tutor at Amherst 
 College, which he declined, and afterwards, when he was offered 
 a similar position at Harvard, his father would not let him 
 accept it. He delivered a lecture before the Lyceum of New 
 Bedford, and wrote an ode for the Fourth of July of the same 
 year, which was afterward set to music and sung in Boston on 
 a similar occasion (1881), when he was the orator. 
 
 His father had watched tenderly over his progress, and by
 
 134 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 his constant letters from his early childhood to one of his 
 latest from his death-bed manifested his profound affection. 
 These letters, and those of his son in reply to them, were relig- 
 iously preserved and read over again when he had his own 
 children to direct in the ways of wisdom and discretion. They 
 would occupy too large a space for this memoir. When, as 
 intended, they are made accessible in print, the happy influence 
 they exerted in forming the character of the son will be recog- 
 nized. His father died at Charlestown, March 19, 1834, at the 
 ripe age of seventy-six, as George was reaching his majority. 
 
 Thus cast upon his own resources, with a slender patrimony, 
 George decided to adopt the law for his profession, and came 
 to it with a training and ability, matured in other pursuits, that 
 ensured a successful career. He entered the office of Mr. 
 Benjamin Rand and Augustus H. Fiske, his cousin, at the 
 corner of Court and Washington streets, in Boston. Mr. Rand 
 ranked among the most learned of the Suffolk bar. In several 
 departments of the law he was preeminent, and from his famili- 
 arity with that of insurance had been retained with Mr. William 
 Wirt, who had come on from Baltimore for the purpose, against 
 Mr. Webster in the well-known case of Tuttle Hubbard and 
 Brooks, tried in the old Court-house, afterwards the City Hall, 
 which stood on the site of the present. His ability and learn- 
 ing displayed in the case were so conspicuous that he sprang at 
 once from comparative obscurity to an elevated position in his 
 profession. Fees flowed in from cases in which large sums were 
 at stake, and with Mr. Fiske, a most successful practitioner, for 
 his partner, though the two were very differently constituted, 
 they amassed each a handsome fortune. Mr. Rand when in 
 London was made much of by the judges and lawyers, hon- 
 ored and feasted, for they realized his worth even better than 
 his own legal brotherhood. 
 
 He possessed one of the best law libraries in Boston. Its 
 well-stocked shelves lining his chambers on two floors, con- 
 nected by an iron circular stair, were an education. Their 
 precious stores of legal learning, their possessor, of whose heart 
 they were almost the exclusive object of affection and pride, 
 had for years been absorbing, till he cared little for aught else.
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 135 
 
 He was too honest to neglect the obligation assumed in taking 
 pupils, and, generally shy and taciturn in general conversation, 
 he was all the more ready to communicate his treasures when 
 prompted by the sense of duty, and his students were interested 
 and sensible. It is easy to conceive how valuable these lessons 
 must have proved, for Warren, during his long period of prac- 
 tice at the bar or later when seated on the bench. Nor had 
 he less happily selected the office for the details of professional 
 practice. Its docket was large and varied. Mr. Fiske, his 
 cousin, the partner of Mr. Rand, stood among the first in office 
 routine and management of cases in court, and left him little to 
 learn from his own stumbles. 
 
 Attachment to Harvard, that prompted its choice for his alma 
 mater, did not abate as he advanced in years. He was a con- 
 stant attendant at commencements, and at class-meetings helped 
 to keep alive and fervid the good-fellowship that subsisted. All 
 of us remember that pleasant gathering seven years ago at his 
 own house on Marlboro' street, when most of our survivors were 
 clustered round the hospitable banquet he had prepared for us. 
 Late into the summer night we discoursed college days and 
 incidents, renewed our youth in their pleasant memories. We 
 have had other meetings that were memorable. If more are 
 vouchsafed in the somewhat precarious future for some of us 
 our host on that occasion will never be forgotten. 
 ^ One year before our classmate entered the bar he studied at 
 Cambridge in the then new law school, of which Justice Story 
 and Mr. Greenleaf were professors and Charles Sumner, his 
 classmate, a tutor and librarian. No examination was then 
 required, and, after the period specified for his preparation, the 
 training was completed, he took his oaths and was admitted to 
 the bar. He opened a law office in Charlestown, was engaged 
 in a number of important causes in Middlesex county, and 
 subsequently, with Mr. George Farrar, as Warren & Farrar, had 
 a large practice. 
 
 He had been married April 30, 1835, by Rev. Joseph Ben- 
 nett, of Woburn, to Lucy Rogers Newell, a daughter of Dr. 
 Jonathan Newell, of Stowe, who had been his schoolmate in the 
 academy of that place. She was a granddaughter of a distin-
 
 136 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 guished divine of the same name, who held liberal views of 
 theology, and a descendant of the martyr, John Rogers. She 
 was born August 15, 18 13, and consequently was but four 
 months younger than himself. Their union soon ended in 
 her death, Sept. 4, 1840. The only child of this marriage was 
 Gen. Lucius H. Warren, born Oct. 6, 1838, who served during 
 our civil war with great honor, and who now resides in Phila- 
 delphia practising law. 
 
 George did not remain long a widower, for on the first of 
 June of the succeeding year he was married by Rev. George E. 
 Ellis, D.D., to Georgiana Thompson, daughter of Joseph and 
 Susan Pratt Thompson, of Charlestown, who survives him. 
 Her mother was the daughter of Capt. John Pratt, an eminent 
 merchant of Boston. Thus happy in his home and his social 
 connections, generally beloved and esteemed in the community 
 around him, his practice rapidly extended, and at the same time 
 tokens of the confidence reposed in his ability and character 
 followed in rapid succession. On April 14, 1837, he had been 
 appointed Justice of the Peace, and Jan. 6, 1840, Master in 
 Chancery. 
 
 In 1844 and 1845 ne served in the Legislature, and was the 
 Whig candidate for Congress in 1845. He was instrumental in 
 obtaining the city charter for Charlestown, and was elected first 
 mayor under it in 1847, an< ^ reelected for three additional terms. 
 When elected mayor he was but thirty-four, and younger than 
 any other member of the City Council. Untiring in his atten- 
 tion to the improvements of the city, and particularly of the 
 public schools, he took an active part in the building of new 
 school-houses, as also in the establishment of the High School. 
 He delivered the address at laying the corner-stone of the latter 
 institution in September, 1847. 
 
 Elected to the Senate in 1853 and 1854, and chairman of the 
 Judiciary Committee, he was the author of the bill to separate 
 the government of Harvard College from that of the State, 
 which passed the Senate in 1854, but failed in the House. It 
 subsequently became a law with immaterial amendments. 
 This act took the election of the Board of Overseers out of the 
 control of the Legislature and placed it in the hands of the
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 137 
 
 alumni of three years' standing. He carried through the Legis- 
 lature the bill for the annexation of Charlestown to Boston, 
 which was accepted by the vote of the citizens of both cities in 
 October, 1854, but was set aside by the Supreme Court. He 
 subsequently agitated the question until it was finally accom- 
 plished in 1872. 
 
 In his political faith and affiliation he was steadfastly con- 
 servative. In 1844 he was sent delegate as a Webster Whig to 
 the convention in Philadelphia which nominated Henry Clay 
 for the presidency when Polk was elected. In June, 1852, 
 again delegate to the convention at Baltimore, he labored with 
 Rufus Choate for the nomination of Webster. Scott was the 
 successful candidate of the convention, and Pierce was chosen 
 President. In 1856 he was sent to the convention at the same 
 place, where Fillmore was nominated by the Whigs, Fremont 
 by the Republicans, and when Buchanan was elected by the 
 Democrats. He soon after withdrew from politics, and spent a 
 year in Europe. Upon his return from abroad he opened his 
 law office in Boston, and soon had his share of clients. 
 
 Still hoping that the country might be saved from the civil 
 war impending, he did what he could with lip and pen to soothe 
 the angry spirit of animosity that raged between the sections. 
 This was not then the popular side in Boston, though many of 
 the more sensible, who knew what civil war signified, and how 
 great might be its wreck, preferred to join the Democrats than 
 be faithless to the obligations of the Constitution. In that 
 momentous election of i860, when Lincoln was chosen, Warren 
 cast his vote for Breckenridge. When the South took up arms 
 he rallied to the support of the government, and voted with 
 the Republicans. He was at this time the candidate on that 
 ticket for Attorney-General of the State. 
 
 Although many of the great luminaries that had shed lustre 
 on the Suffolk bar and attained historical importance had dis- 
 appeared from view or shone in other spheres, enough remained 
 for emulation. But with his studious tastes, and other aptitudes 
 for the bench, his selection, April 12, 1862, for the position of 
 Judge of the Municipal Court of Charlestown, with its varied 
 jurisdiction, civil and criminal, was eminently fortunate. His
 
 138 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 long experience at the bar, his familiar acquaintance with the 
 people under his jurisdiction, his amiable and cheerful disposi- 
 tion, his courteous and dignified deportment to all, his conscien- 
 tiousness, his quick intuitions and insight into motive, his free- 
 dom from prejudice, his readiness in the application of rules 
 and principles, his firmness, patience, and impartiality, well 
 fitted him for that bench or any other, and for twenty-one years 
 that he held the office he gave no reason to complain to 
 counsel, the public, or even to a disappointed suitor. 
 
 If somewhat mysterious in their ways to the uninitiated, 
 Freemasonry, judged by the character of its members, has 
 every claim to respect and confidence. Judge Warren, Oct. 9, 
 1843, had been made a Mason in King Solomon's Lodge, which 
 had buried Gen. Joseph Warren, killed at Bunker Hill in 1775. 
 He took the Knight Templar's and Thirty-third degree, and be- 
 came a member of the De Molay Encampment. Through his 
 exertions the Henry Price Lodge was established in 1858. Of 
 this he was the first Master for two years, and in 1861 was 
 Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge, and during the 
 absence of the Grand Master at the South filled his place. 
 
 He had been a Director of the Bunker Hill Association from 
 1836 to 1839, and its Secretary from 1839 to 1847. June 24, 
 1845, ne delivered the Masonic address, upon the monument 
 grounds, upon the occasion of placing the model of the origi- 
 nal monument, erected by King Solomon's Lodge in memory of 
 Joseph Warren seventy years before, inside the present noble 
 obelisk. In 1847 he was chosen President, and continued by 
 annual elections to 1875 for twenty-eight years, and then again 
 chosen Director, he remained till his decease in 1883, seven 
 years longer. 
 
 If not a descendant, or even near relation, of the great 
 proto-martyr whose name he bore, he had his hereditary in- 
 terest in the strike for independence. His father was a soldier 
 of the Revolution, though not at Bunker Hill. There is now in 
 the possession of his grandson, Gen. Lucius H. Warren, a piece 
 of blue ribbon enclosed in a letter, which reads as follows : 
 " Fifty years after the memorable battle of Lexington, at the 
 anniversary at Concord, this ribbon was worn as a badge of dis-
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 139 
 
 tinction by those who were under arms and fought in defence 
 of their country against the British troops on that eventful day. 
 This is to be kept by my son or grandson so long as there is 
 one left of my heirs." This letter is addressed to George Wash- 
 ington Warren or Isaac Henry Warren. 
 
 Ever foremost in advocating improvements for his native city 
 he was the originator of the Charlestown Gas Company, and its 
 first President. Its establishment met with great opposition 
 from the large majority of the citizens who considered that the 
 introduction of gas would be a great injury. He was one of the 
 fathers and directors of the Charlestown Branch Railroad Com- 
 pany, now the Fitchburg, and also of the Lexington and West 
 Cambridge. 
 
 The Christian principles inculcated by his father grew with 
 his growth, and though unable to accept the extreme view of 
 the Orthodox, in the Harvard Church at Charlestown, under 
 the ministry of Dr. James Walker, the President of Harvard, 
 later of Dr. George E. Ellis, he displayed throughout his life 
 the benign influence of his faith in his walk and conversation. 
 When he removed to the Back Bay he became a prominent 
 member of the First Church, under Dr. Rufus E. Ellis, who 
 preached his funeral discourse. He was a delegate to the 
 Unitarian Conference from its first meeting. 
 
 His interest in the history of his own country never flagged. 
 At the meetings of the New England Historical and Genea- 
 logical Society, and of the Bostonian, established to preserve 
 and care for the Old State-House, he was a most constant 
 attendant, and often spoke. He was a member of the Royal 
 Historical Society of London, a delegate to the Peace Confer- 
 ence at Liverpool in 1882. Among other numerous societies 
 of which he was a member may be mentioned the Woman's 
 Club, the Suffolk Bar Association, and the Thursday Evening 
 or Warren Club, of which President Wm. B. Rogers was Presi- 
 dent, to the literary entertainment of which he often contributed 
 in prose and verse. In these and in all other social relations he 
 was loved and valued. He was the intimate friend of Edward 
 Everett, of Rufus Choate, and Daniel Webster, and at the 
 request of Mr. Webster prepared that part of his Life, which
 
 140 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 relates to his addresses in laying the corner-stone and com- 
 pletion of the Bunker Hill Monument. 
 
 His busy pen left much that will be always precious to those 
 who knew him as well as to the general public. His published 
 works, his correspondence, and what can be rescued from the 
 oblivion of the past, it is proposed to collect with a more 
 minute detail of his busy life. Such a life, honored and useful, 
 crowded with incident, has much to record full of instructions 
 and for example to other generations. It certainly will be of 
 peculiar interest to his surviving classmates, who knew him so 
 well. 
 
 We should leave incomplete a singularly well-poised charac- 
 ter if we omitted to refer to what has been so often remarked 
 and expressed by those who knew him the best, — his amiable 
 qualities. Frank and generous by nature and discipline, he 
 carried alike into work and recreation their cheer and their 
 charm. In the intercourse of public affairs, in the discharge of 
 judicial functions, in his cheerful equanimity at home and in 
 social companionship, his vigor, animation, and magnetic sym- 
 pathies, engendered affection. Whatever his sound judgment 
 indicated as best, without self-assertion he took the lead. On 
 the bench his dignified amenity conciliated confidence, inspired 
 deference to authority, held waywardness in check. Parties, 
 counsel, and witnesses, assured of his utter freedom from preju- 
 dice, his conscientious regard for their rights, held in higher 
 veneration the judgment-seat. The litigation that came to his 
 tribunal, if not involving the largest amounts in value, came 
 home to the daily concerns of the people. It often excited 
 animosities and ruffled the temper. He was happily consti- 
 tuted to calm the troubled spirits and reconcile disputes. 
 
 From the time we left Harvard, throughout his busy career, 
 he was for many of us the constant friend and frequent com- 
 panion. All who shared his daily walks or watched his prog- 
 ress from distances more remote with less opportunity of 
 meeting, bear witness to the firm and uninterrupted, hold he 
 kept on their regard. Higher office fell to the lot of some of 
 his classmates on broader theatres of action than his own. 
 Sumner in the Federal Senate gained a world-wide renown in
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON WARREN. 141 
 
 stirring days affecting the destiny of the nation. Kerr repre- 
 sented his country at a foreign court, sat in the Federal 
 Congress. There, too, Potter, Judge of the Supreme Court 
 of his State, and Worcester, son of the great lexicographer, 
 took their part in the national councils which others of 
 the class, as probably Judge Warren himself, could have 
 shared had their other obligations permitted. Fifteen of 
 his class gained various distinction on the bench or at the 
 bar, nine in the pulpit, five in the art of healing. Several by 
 their productions added works of value to the national liter- 
 ature. All who retained their health showed the influence of 
 Harvard, the mettle of their pasture, by their achievements 
 and example, their character and usefulness, and they all 
 loved Warren. He too left his trace in many official 
 trusts, and in his many publications, one of which, the his- 
 tory of the great monument at Bunker Hill, as the record 
 of its erection and the interpretation of all it commem- 
 orates, will be perennial as the obelisk itself. His pen was 
 ever busy, and he wrote much else in verse and prose. With 
 his natural endowments and scholarly attainments, the in- 
 cidents of his life we have so imperfectly related, with the noble 
 traits that composed his honorable, generous, and estimable 
 character, one teres rotundus without flaw or blemish, he needed 
 none of the factitious distinctions of rank or special monument 
 for his memory to be cherished. Not only by us, his friends 
 and associates at Cambridge and in the community to which he 
 made himself in so many ways useful, will he long be held 
 in remembrance ; but as an example and encouragement to 
 coming generations, who look to him as their progenitor, or are 
 bound to him in consanguinity, or for other reasons bear him 
 in mind, will what we, who knew him best, have to say of 
 him, be well to have recorded. We have not dwelt upon the 
 sorrows inevitable to human life. Perhaps when we meet, as 
 we may, in other realms of being, we shall learn how unflinch- 
 ingly he bore his cross, at times even for him a heavy one, up 
 the flinty steps of Calvary. We shall more clearly perceive 
 that to his share of the common lot was in some measure 
 owing the worth that embalmed his memory for them and 
 for us.
 
 142 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 Some few of us stood around his open sepulchre ten months 
 ago at Mount Auburn, when his coffin stood open to the blue 
 and cloudless skies of that May afternoon, that we might take a 
 parting look of his genial face before his remains were laid 
 within the ground beside his kinsfolks. When we remembered 
 how well through trial and temptation he had walked on with 
 his sturdy step, blameless to the end, we could understand how 
 well life was worth the living, for one who had tried so hard and 
 so well succeeded in accomplishing the tasks set him by Provi- 
 dence to do, and who thus made the best of his mortal exist- 
 ence in the sight of man and God.
 
 ROBERT WILLIAM HOOPER. 
 18 10—1885. 
 
 BY HIS SON, EDWARD W. HOOPER, OF CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 ROBERT WILLIAM HOOPER was born in Marblehead, 
 Mass., on October 25, 1810. He was the son of John 
 and Eunice Hooper. He graduated at Harvard College in the 
 class of 1830. In 1833 he went to Europe; and, after studying 
 medicine in Paris and elsewhere, and travelling over a large part 
 of Europe, he came back to America in 1835, took his degree 
 of M.D. from Harvard College in 1836, and soon after began 
 the practice of his profession in Boston. On September 25, 
 1837, he was married to Ellen Sturgis, the eldest daughter of 
 William Sturgis, merchant, of Boston. On November 3, 1848, 
 his wife died, leaving three children, all of whom survived their 
 father. For nearly fifty years, until his death on April 13, 1885, 
 which occurred at the house of his son-in-law Professor Gurney, 
 at Cambridge, Dr. Hooper devoted himself to his family and 
 friends, and to the various public institutions with which he was 
 connected. He was for many years one of the surgeons of the 
 Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, and its 
 records show that he had " for more than a generation been 
 connected with its development and watched over its interests." 
 For thirty years he was one of the trustees of the Boston 
 Athenaeum, and his associates say that "he has worked himself, 
 he has interested others and made them work, and he has done 
 more than anyone else to build up the library, increase its value, 
 and extend its usefulness." For twenty-seven years he gave 
 much of his time to the care of the State Hospital for the
 
 144 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 Insane at Worcester, of which he was a trustee. His private 
 practice never yielded him a considerable income ; but he had, 
 by inheritance and by prudent management, an income sufficient, 
 and in his later years more than sufficient, for his always mod- 
 erate wants. His religious feelings were strong and constant; 
 but he rarely expressed them otherwise than by his personal 
 character and conduct.
 
 THE Class of 1830 graduated with forty-eight members, of 
 whom, in 1886, survive, — 
 
 Thomas Coffin Amory, 
 Charles Dawes Appleton, 
 Nathaniel Austin, 
 Jonathan Wheeler Bemis, 
 James Dana, 
 
 Robert Hallowell Gardiner, 
 Nathan Watson Munroe, 
 John Osborne Sargent, 
 Jonathan French Stearns, 
 Charlemagne Tower, 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Worcester. 
 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Gardiner, Me. 
 
 Greenfield, Mass. 
 
 New York and Lenox. 
 
 Newark. 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Amory, Austin, Dana, Gardiner, Sargent, and Tower chose 
 the profession of law; Bemis, that of medicine; Munroe and 
 Stearns, that of theology. For a series of years Appleton 
 has been connected with the U.S. Treasury Department, Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 William S. Whitwell, of Brookline, was a member of the class 
 as " University student," leaving, before it graduated, to pursue 
 civil engineering. He is honorary member, his classmates wel- 
 coming him to their social and other meetings.
 
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