001 CALIFORNIA STATE LIBRARY Accession N< Class. MMm Keceived. Donated Aj J: -lif ornia Gene olo gical Society 70794 4-39 5M SPO FRhniary 1926 ooooooooooooooooo5 f. «UTIKUM»T, miMT. Annals OF THE Redwood Library AND Athen^um, NEWPORT, R. E BY George Champlin Mason. REDWOOD LIBRARY, NEWPORT, R. I. 189I. ^ GIFT THE EVANS' t^lRlNtlNC 'HOI/SE; Fourth and Library Sts., PHILADELPHIA. LIBRARY SCHOOL OF ABRAHAM REDWOOD, founder of The Redwood Library, Whose Generous Benefaction Has Endeared His Name TO THE People of Newport, This Volume is Inscribed. M8i)3540 " Out of the olde fieldes, as men sayeth, Cometh all this new corne fro yeare to yeare, So out of olde bookes, in good faith, Cometh all this newe science that men lere." Chaucer. " If any body would make me the greatest king that ever lived, with palaces, and gardens, and fine dinners and wines, and coaches, and beautiful clothes, and hundreds of servants, on condition that I would not read books, I would not be a king. I would rather be a poor man in a garret, with plenty of books, than a king who did not love reading." Macau/ay, to his little niece. jsi^sa- PRESIDENTS OF THE Redwood Library and Athen^um. Abraham Redwood, Henry Marchant, William Vernon, John Bours, Jonathan Easton, Robert Stevens, David King, Audley Clarke, George G. King, William Hunter, David King, George G. King, William C. Cozzens, Henry Ledyard, Edward King, Francis Brinley, James E. Mauran, Henry E. Turner, Le Roy King. from 1747 to 1788 1791 ' ' 1 797 1797 * ' 1801 1801 ' ' 1809 1809 ' ' 1813 1813 ' ' 1830 1830 ' ' 1836 1836 ' ' 1844 1844 ' ' 1846 1846 ' ' 1849 1849 ' ' 1859 1859 • ' 1870 1870 ' ' 1872 1872 ' ' 1874 1874 ' ' 1875 1875 ' • 1882 1882 ' ' 1883 1883 ' • 1886 1886 vice-presidents. Edward King, Francis Brinley, . Charles T. Brooks, William Gilpin, Henry H. Fay, 187010 1874 1874 '• 1875 1875 " 1883 1883 " 1886 1886 OFFICERS OF THE Redwood Library and Athen^um, 1891. PRESIDENT, LEROY KING. VICE-PRESIDENT, HENRY H. FAY. DIRECTORS: ANDREW B. ALMON, GEORGE C. MASON, ARTHUR B. EMMONS, WILLIAM R SHEFFIELD, WILLIAM GILPIN, WILLIAM P.SHEFFIELD, Jr., GEORGE GORDON KING, FREDERIC W. TILTON, DAVID KING, HAMILTON B. TOMPKINS, HENRY G. MARQUAND, HENRY E. TURNER, ALFRED TUCKERMAN. TREASURER, GEORGE GORDON KING. SECRETARY, WILLIAM P. SHEFFIELD, Jr. LIBRARIAN, RICHARD BLISS. ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. CHAPTER I. 1730-1747. T has been conceded, with a show of reason, that the Redwood Library of 1747 was the outgrowth of the Philosophical Society of 1730; but that the Society of that date owed its origin to Dean Berkeley, to whom it has been attributed, is by no means clear. That the Society was established during the Dean's resi- dence on the Island of Rhode Island, and owed something of its influence to him, we may readily admit ; but when he came to New- port, intellectually, he found it no barren wilderness. The people with whom he made his home, and who helped to make his stay agreeable, were well-informed — could appreciate the advantage of having among them a man of so much learning, to whom they could listen with profit and pleasure ; while the Dean found in them con- genial companions, — men who could sustain their part in a discus- sion when they came together, — meeting at first informally, and then as an organized body. They loved learning, and they had books to feed that love. If distant from the great centres, their ships — for this was the metropolis of the New World — brought to them lo ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, the best products of the English press, with contributions from Geneva and Amsterdam ; books that were read, and discussed, and handed down as heirlooms — mentioned with minuteness in wills — from father to son. If the acquisitions were argumentative, so much the better, for disquisitions, especially on theology, were the regimen they loved. The Quaker, the Baptist, and the firm sup- porter of the Church of England maintained each his part ; but the Quaker preacher and the Jewish Rabbi, alike tenacious of their rules of doctrine, listened respectfully to the preaching of Berkeley, and the no less saintly Honyman. The use of the library given to Trinity Church in the days of Queen Anne, was not confined to Episcopalians, whose numbers were not large, but was open to all who sought such fountains of thought; and if it did not fill the meas- ure of the denominational mind, the little family book shelves helped to close the gap. How numerous were these little collections can now only be conjectured ; but even at this date we find traces of their variety and influence in wills and copies of wills that have been preserved.^ And when the Redwood Library was organized, 1747, ^ Citations under this head, if indulged in, would be iiumeroiis; two must suffice: '' My ' Concordance,' " said Dr. John Clarke, who died in 1676, ''and 'Lexicon' belonging to it, written by myself, the fruit of several years' study, my Hebrew Bible, Buxtorff 's and Pasor's ' Lexicon,' Cotton's ' Concordance,' and all the rest of my books, to Richard Bailey." Benedict Arnold, the second, thus disposed of his books in 1753 : " To my dear wife, my large Bible (which my brother, Josiah Arnold, brought me from London), first part of ' Penn's Works,' Sewel's ' History of the Rise and Progress of the People Called Quakers' (all in folio), first and second parts of George Fox's 'Journal,' a book containing thirty ser- mons, Quarle's 'Poems,' 'Paradise Regained,' Sampson's 'Agnostics,' Barclay's 'Apology,' and Robt. Wicken's ' Concordance.' " To his brother Josiah he gave Fuller's " Pisgah," and his " History of the Holy War," "Christian Religion," written by Zachary ; "Military Discipline," "Geographical Dictionary," "Plutarch's Lives" (all in folio), "More Wonders of the Principal World — Europe," "Divine NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. ii the friends of the measure, incited by the HberaHty of Redwood and ColHns, gave of their books for the general good.^ A hundred years after the organization of the Philosophical Society, an enthusiastic friend of the Library, — the late Robert Johnston, — in the space of twelve months, gathered from the family book shelves in Newport and the neighborhood upward of forty Poems " and '' Speculum Speculatum," by George Withers, " Hudibras," Bridge's " Seven Sermons," a '' Sermon Book," by Thomas Fuller, " Ad- vice to a Son," Matthias Brodinix's '' Chronology," "My Terrestrial Globe," etc. He also enumerated in his will: "The Works of the learned Hugh Broughton, Baker's * Chronicle,' Gage's * Survey of the West Indies,' 'Gazetteer,' Prideaux's ^The Old and New Testaments Connected with the Jews and Neighboring Nations,' Howell's 'Letters,' etc. " — evidence that he sought, in his reading, to keep up with the times. '■^ Mention of the books given to the Library during the first years of its existence would, in itself, make an interesting chapter. Henry Col- lins, Dr. Brett, Dr. Moffatt, Thomas Ward, and others, gave liberally. A Greek and Latin edition of " Dionysius," 1688, came from Thomas Ward. He also gave "The Origin and Institution of Civil Govern- ment Discussed," 1 710, by Hoadly, whose controversies with the High Church party had called attention to his writings ; Keill's " Introductio ad Veram Astronomiam," the most important of his works ; Calvin's " In- stitutio Christianae Religionis " (Ward was a Sabbatarian), and other works. KnoUe's "Lives of the Othoman Kings and Emperors," the ponderous tome of 1638, was the gift of Col. Francis Willet — the book that Peter Garrick said Johnson borrowed from in writing his "Irene," and whi^ Byron remembered as the first book that gave him pleasure in childhood. The only old copy of the " Fairy Queen," 1609, owned by the Library came to it through private hands. On the last page there are these entries ; " Nathaniel Townsend, Jr., bought this book of James Harding, at Fort George, A. D. 1733." Under it: "Thomas Ward bought it of Nathaniel Townsend, Jr., A. D. 1734." Townsend and Ward were both members of the Philosophical Society, and could appreciate the book, which is badly worn ; and the same could probably have been said of Harding, who may have found it a solace in his enforced idleness as a soldier at Fort George. 12 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARy, volumes for the Library, many of them rare and valuable editions of the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; books that our great grandfathers had read with profit, and which helped to fit them to be the friends and associates of Berkeley, — the Praxis Medica of Lazarus Riverius, of 1649 ; The French Acadernie of Peter de la Primandaye, 1589; Baxter's Christian Directory, 1673 ; Knox's Reformation of the Church of Scotland, 1644; Camden's //w/(5'ry of the Princess Elizabeth, 1675 ; Ray's Collection of English Proverbs, 1678; Kerry's Bible, 1608; Historicnm Mellificum^ 1628 (Christ. Pezelius), and others that will be mentioned in place. The earliest authentic paper connected with the Society (given below) is dated 1735. Four years had elapsed since the departure of Berkeley. Whatever influence he may have had while here, it is clear the Society was moving on, and still engaged in the discussion of subjects calculated to promote its end. Its range was wide, for it embraced men of all persuasions, — Jacob, the Quaker; Collins and Ward, Sabbatarians; Callender, the Baptist; Searing, the Congregationalist ; and Honyman and others of the Church of England. Nor do we know how the Society was merged into the Library, but it is probable that Mr. Redwood, seeing how great had been the advantage of the Society to the community, with the large- heartedness which marked his life, gave freely of his means to found the Library that bears his name. His munificent offer met with a ready response, the Company was formed, and it is pleasant to follow it through all its changes, and the vicissitudes of war, to its noble position in our day. Rules and regulations of a Literary and Philosophical Society estabHshed in Newport, R. I., A. D. 1730. ''Whereas, K. D. 1730, Messrs. Daniel Updike, Peter Bours, James Searing, Edward Scott, Henry Collins, Nathan Townsend, Jeremiah NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 13 Condy and James Honyman, Junr., did form a Society for the pro- motion of Knowledge and Virtue, by a free conversation according to several regulations by them agreed. " We, the present members of the said Society, finding it neces- sary on many accounts for the more effectual answering the end of our Institution, do agree to enter into a more strict engagement, and establish the following as the laws and orders to be observed in this Society. " I. The members of the Society shall meet ever}^ Monday eve- ning, at the house of one of the members, scriatmi, and converse about and debate some useful question in Divinity, Morality, Philos- ophy, History, &c, " 2. The member who proposes the question shall be moderator {pro hac vice)^ and see that order and decency be maintained in all the debates and conversation. " 3. Every member in order shall freely give his opinion with his reasons, having liberty to explain the sense of the question, or his own expressions, and to retract or alter his opinion as to him shall seem right. " 4. The member at whose house we meet shall propose a ques- tion for the next evening's conversation, the Society to judge of its propriety and usefulness, only nothing shall ever be proposed or debated which is a distinguishing religious tenet of any one member. " 5. No member shall divulge the opinion or arguments of any particular member as to any subject debated in the Society, on penalty of a perpetual exclusion. Nevertheless, any member may gratify the curiosity of any that may inquire the names, number, general design, method and laws of the Society, and the opinions or conclusions of the major part, without discovering how any par- ticular member voted. " 6. The moderator for the time being shall keep a book, in which he shall register the questions and the solutions or answers, and another for the fines and forfeits that may become due. *' 7. The question shall be propounded by the moderator exactly at seven in the evening, or if he be absent, another shall be chosen in his room, and whoever shall come after that shall forfeit one shil- 14 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ling ; whoever is absent the whole evening, shall forfeit two shillings and sixpence; only the moderator shall pay double. Whoever shall make it an excuse to avoid giving his opinion, that he has not thought of the question, or has forgot what the question is, shall forfeit one shilling. Whoever is unprovided of a proper question, on his turn to propound one, shall forfeit one shilling. He that omits to register the question or solution in his turn shall forfeit two shillings and sixpence. A treasurer shall be chosen once in three months, and whoever shall refuse an office when chosen, shall for- feit five shillings. And every treasurer that is deficient in his duty in collecting the fines, shall pay them himself. No excuse shall be taken for absence but sickness in person or family, or the being out of town. The fines shall be gathered every month, and be laid out in books, &c., as the Society shall think best. Whoever shall absent himself a quarter of a year successively, without sufficient excuse, shall have his name struck out of the list. " 8. Any member may bring with him any friend or stranger who shall desire it, and whom he may think may not be offensive to any other member. " 9. Any member may propose a candidate, but none shall be admitted without the full and free consent of every member, to be manifested in written votes, after a month's probation. However, the same person that has been negatived, may be propounded again by another member. " 10. If the Society inclines to choose any gentlemen at a distance to be occasional members, their election shall be made in the same manner; they shall be subject to the same rules of secrecy, and have the same liberty to speak and debate any subject with the other members, and shall vote in all occasional matters. "11. The laws shall be publicly read in the Society every three months, on the same evening that the Treasurer is chosen. And every member shall there produce his copy, upon the forfeit of two shillings and six pence. " 12. Every member shall promote the good order of the Society as far as it is in his power. " 13. Each of the present members shall sign these articles in the book, and shall have a copy of them, signed by the moderator for NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 15 * the time being, to be and remain as a proof and token of our fel- lowship and society. And every gentleman that may hereafter be chosen a member shall enter his name in the same manner, and have a copy of the laws signed as above, together with a list of the Society and a copy of the additional or explanatory laws that may hereafter be made. " Newport, February 2, J735. "^Daniel Updike, ''Peter Bours, ^Edward Scott, ^Nathan Town- ^.— ^^^^ was the first signer of the j ^.^ >. /^^^^V^*^ Constitution of the Philo- ^^— ^ /J V 3 yy\ * J sophical Society. He had (^^^" yy^^ ^y^ . ' L/C/^(y*^^^^-^y ^^^ home in Narragansett, /y but spent much of his time in Newport. Here he studied law and here he entered upon its practice. He was the Attorney- General of the Colony from 1722 to 1732; King's Attorney for King's (now Washington) county, from 1741 to 1743, and Attorney-General from 1743 to 1757, in which year, May 15th, he died. Wilkins Updike has recorded of him : ''Among his professional brethren he was highly respected, and in all literary and professional associations of his time his name stands at the head. He possessed a good library, and he found in books a solace and companionship. He prided himself on his critical knowledge of English history and every circumstance relating to the settlement of America, and particularly of Rhode Island. When it was known that Rev. William Smith, of St. Paul's, Narragan- sett, had accepted a call to Trinity Church, Newport, a parishioner, de- pressed at the prospective loss, said to Bishop Seabury ; '' I am afraid our church will die." ''It may be chastised," said the Bishop, "but while you have for a warden a man like Col. Updike, or a Martin Reed for a clerk, it will never die." In a notice of Peter Bours at the time of his death, September 30, 1761, then in his fifty-sixth year, he is spoken of as "a gentleman of distinguished abilities," who had served and adorned the Colony to a degree that called from his fellow-citizens a vote of thanks, as here expressed : " The Town from a just Sense of the Advantages of an upright Admin- 1 6 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, send, ^Samuel Wickham, '^John Brett, ^Charles Bardin, ^"^J. Hony- istration, and to express their Gratitude, unanimously passed a Vote, that Col. Bennet and Mr. William Coddington, wait upon Peter Bours, Esq., with their compliments, and thank him for the singular Services he has done the Town, and for that disinterested Zeal and Regard he has dis- covered on every Occasion, in the different Characters he has sustained in the General Assembly, upwards of Twenty Years, to promote the Happiness and Welfare of the Colony." Mr. Bours, William Ellery and three others gave this reason for their protest, which was placed on record, against the further issue of bills of credit : " Because the ruin of this flourishing Colony will probably in a great measure be owing to this fatal act ; we would have the whole Colony and posterity know we have not deserved their imprecations on this occa- sion, but have endeavored to preserve and deliver down to posterity the privileges and the property which our ancestors earned with so much hazard, toil and expense." But little is known of Judge Scott, other than that for upward of twenty years he sustained a posi- tion at the head of the first classical school in Rhode Island. He died in 1768. A very fine silver snuff-box that belonged to him is now in the poses- sion of the Redwood Library. We only know of him through the copy of the Fairy Queen," already re- (/ — yf -"/>■ ferred to. He was admitted y (/ **a freeman" in May, 1729, and George Berkeley was admitted at the same time. ^ /7^t\ Jy ^^^ question has been raised whether Dr. ^y/rJl'T^QviG^*^^ ; John Brett came to America in 1743 or 1749, jf the latter date being given by Dr. Benjamin (J^^' ^0 Waterhouse, who could not have known that he was a charter-member of the Redwood Library, 1747. That he was here at a much earlier period is made certain by the copy of the Constitution of the Philosophical Society already given, under date of 1735, of which body he y oiiAi'arv ofcc^^^p''^ n ^^^^ ^y^y^'^Vl^ fe IZ^'^ NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 17 man, Jr. (February 9th), Hez. Carpenter (May 24, 1736), "James Searing, ^■- Thomas Ward, ^^Josias Lyndon, "John Callender, Jr., was a member. He was recognized in Newport as high medical author- ity, having had an opportunity to attend lectures by the distinguished Boerhaave in Leyden, where he was studying medicine — a reputation that was sustained up to the time of his death, in 1755. Dr. Waterhouse, in 1824, had in his possession some of his original notes when a student attending lectures in Leyden. Dr. Brett was liberal in his gift of books to the Redwood Library, all the volumes being in Latin. None of them are of later date than 1662, and a 4to of the Biblia Latina dates from 1487. The above autograph is taken from one of his books in the Library. The name of his widow, Mrs. Mary Brett, is associated with a free school for blacks, 1773, sustained by a society in England, of benevolent clergymen of the Church of England, who provided that she should teach a class of negro children to read, write, etc. She lived to see eighty- six years, and died in Nevport, April 14. 1799. ^"^^-^^miUf mc^^tm^ '** ^^ was the son of Rev. James Hony- \1 /"Tv y man, Rector of Trinity Church, /f «. ^^^yy^yyfV^i/J^ Newport. He was born in April, /J A 1 710, and was educated for the bar. In 1732 he was the Attorney-Gene- ral of the Colony, and held the office until 1741, when the law appointing an attorney-general was repealed and county attorneys were substituted. He was one of the Committee on the Eastern Boundary question, in 1 741, between Rhode Island and Massachusetts, and was one of the Counsel who argued the case before the King's Commissioners. In 1755 he was ap- pointed, with Governor Hopkins and George Brown, to attend the Con- gress of Governors and Commissioners of the Northern Colonies, called by Lord Loudoun, to devise measures for the defeat of the enemy. He I ft ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, '^Sueton Grant, ^^ Joseph Jacob, '^William EUery (October 3, 1737), ^'^^ Jos. Sylvester, ^^John Checkley, Jr. was elected First Assistant of the Colony from 1756 to 1764, but, when the Legislature remonstrated in a strong and decisive manner against the rule of 1756, he declined a re-election. Shortly after this event Mr. Honyman was appointed King's Advocate for the Court of Vice- Admiralty in Rhode Island, which office he held up to the breaking out of the war. When hostilities commenced, while deploring the unhappy state of things, and regretting that the controversy could not be healed, he expressed a wish to deliver up his commission, if his holding it was disagreeable to the Legislature, whereupon that body adopted the following resolution : "That James Honyman, Esquire, Advocate-General in the Court of Vice-Admiralty in this Colony, under the Crown of Great Britain, having appeared before, and informed, this Assembly, that if his holding said office be disagreeable to the Colony, he would deliver up his commission, it is voted and resolved, that his holding the same is disagreeable to the Colony, and that the sheriff of the county of Newport call upon the said James Honyman to receive said commission, and that he deliver it to his Honor the Governor, to be lodged in the Secretary's office." Mr. Honyman had an extensive and lucrative practice. He did not leave the Island when the British approached, but remained here, and here died, February 15, 1788, aged 67 years. His wife was Elizabeth Gould- ing, daughter of George Goulding, to whom he was married September 23* 1731- She bore him two sons and six daughters. The sons died in early life; the daughters married men attached to the Crown. His prop- erty was confiscated. was the pastor of the Congregational ^V^Z^ \^y^ (^l/I^^^VQ-.,^ Society. He died about 1755, when >y \Rev. Ezra Stile was called to the ^ church. A daughter of Mr. Searing, widow of Col. Robert Elliott, a Revolutionary officer, died at Bristol, August 31, 1 81 6, in her seventy-third year. ^"^ ^ ' ^ came of a family distinguished in the annals //9 /yi^Mr/^f ^^^ Rhode Island, all the members having "^^ ^^*v c/x^ attained to honorable positions in the affairs of the Colony. Richard Ward, son of the first Thomas, was Secretary of the Colony in 1 733, and was elected Deputy-Governor and Governor, and Samuel Ward, his son, was Governor from 1762 to 1765. Thomas, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 19 " Occasional Members. " •''John Adams, Daniel Hubbard, '^Jeremiah Condy, John Wal- lace, ^^ Stephen Hopkins, " Samuel Johnson. another son, the subject of this sketch, was Secretary of the Colony for fourteen years, and died in office. Henry Ward, the brother of Thomas, was his successor as Secretary, and died in office at the end of eight and thirty years. They were all men of education, and were well read. The half-dozen books given by Thomas Ward to the Redwood Library, Greek and Latin versions of Homer, Seneca, Dionysius, Keill and Calvin, give us some clue to his own reading. 13 was born in Newport, removed to Warren, R. I., and died there. He was buried in the Kickemuit burial-ground, on the banks of the Kickemuit river. Over his remains there is this inscription : ** In Memory of the Hon. Josias Lyndon, Esq. He was born in New- port, on Rhode Island, on the loth of March, A. D. 1704, and received a good education in early life. In the year 1730 he was chosen Clerk of the Lower House of Assembly, and of the Inferior Court of the County of Newport, and continued so with great applause, with the intermission of only two years, until his death. In the year 1768, to put an end to the violence of party rage, he was prevailed on to accept the place of Governor, which office he filled with reputation for one year. He died of the small- pox, at Warren, on the 30th of March, 1778." At the age of thirteen entered Harvard .s, / College, graduated in 1723, and joined ^ T the first Baptist Church in Boston, then under the pastorate of his uncle. In June, 1727, he was licensed to preach, was called to the Baptist Church in Swansey, Mass., the following year, and remained with that Society until February 15, 1730. From Swansey he came to Newport, and was io ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, " October 3, 1737. Voted, That every member who shall neglect settled over the first Baptist Church in this place. He was ordained Octo- ber 13, 1 73 1, and remained with the Society during the rest of his days. Over his remains there is an epitaph, written by Dr. Thomas Moffatt, which shows how high he stood in the estimation of those who knew him personally : ''Confident of awakening, here reposeth John Callender, of very excellent endowments from nature, and of an accomplished education, improved by application in the wide circle of the more polite arts and useful sciences. From motives of conscience and grace, he dedicated himself to the immediate service of God, in which he was distinguished as a shining and very burning light, by a true and faithful ministry of seven- teen years in the first Baptist Church of Rhode Island, where the purity and evangelical simplicity of his doctrine, confirmed and embellished by the devout tenor of his own life, endeared him to his flock, and justly conciliated the esteem, love and reverence of all the wise, worthy and good. Much humility, benevolence and charity breathed in his conversation, discourses and writings, which were all pertinent, reasonable and useful. Regretted by all, lamented by friends, and deeply deplored by a wife and numerous issue, he died in the forty-second year of his age, January 26, 1748, having struggled through the vale of life in adversity, much sick- ness and pain, with fortitude, dignity and elevation of soul, worthy of the Philosopher, Christian and Divine." For the titles of Mr. Callender's published discourses, see Hammett's *' Bibliography of Newport." One of them, a Centennial Discourse, de- livered in Newport, in 1738, is known to every reader of the history of Rhode Island. ^^ . yj) y >0 • came to America in 1725, and \^CIJ2>^^^^ C'O^^^C/y\/( *^ ^^^ made a Freeman in Newport in 1734. He was the lawful son of Donald Grant, of Bellvadone, and was descended from the fam- ily of Gartenbeg, which family sprang from the family of Grant of Grant, in the county of Inverness, the first and principal family of that name. By his mother's side, Marjorie Stewart, he was descended from the barons of Kimmeachy, in the county of Banff. His wife was Temperance Tal- mage, of East Hampton, Long Island. In Newport, Mr. Grant was engaged in business up to the time of his death, caused by an accidental NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 21 to bring or send the book of fines, shall forfeit two shillings and six pence. A true copy compared with the Society's book, by " Edward Scott, Moderator T explosion of gunpowder, in September, 1744. He was a man of strong intellect and great purity of mind. Copies of his letters to his father, brothers, and others, in Scotland, show this. He was fond of books and lovers of books, and, if he could not indulge in paintings, he had on his walls the best engravings of his day. His son Patrick was a charter mem- ber of the Redwood Library, and his grandson Sueton Grant Heatly, entered the service of the East India Company, rose to distinction, and, in 1797, was appointed Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals at Dacca. ^® ^^ ^,-0 But little more than his name would (X J ^y ^ have come down to us but for the interest Jl ^C^O^ . J^^.>^Q<^,^^^i he took in Mary Callender, the daughter of Rev. John Callender, a young girl just coming to womanhood when her father died. She had been brought up a Baptist, and was a member of her father's church. Jacob and his wife, who were Quakers, were the warm personal friends of Mr. Callender, and they took Mary, after the death of her father, to their own home, where she was as a daughter to them. There she became imbued with the tenets of her Quaker benefactors, joined the Society of Friends, and attained to prominence as a preacher. Of Jacob, who was said to have been some- what unique in character, we have this description from Dr. Benj. Water- house : " Easy in his circumstances and intellectual in his tastes, he filled up his liberal leisure in watching the wind, his clock, and his weather-glasses. At that day he was the only person in Rhode Island who owned a ther- mometer. When very cold or very warm he was the oracle of the atmos- phere and of timepieces, for every one had recourse to him as the prime regulator, and, when passing along to meeting with his uniform step, peo- ple in his way consulted their clocks and watches without speaking to him." Joseph Jacob died February 12, 1778, aged 87. Of Mary Callender in the home of the Jacobs, we have this pleasant sketch from the same hand : "His [Jacobs's] house was the pattern of neatness, order, and quiet, and a very proper place for the nun-like Mary Callender ; and in this pleasant greenhouse grew up and prospered that fair lily of Quakerism, 22 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, The original of the above, in the handwriting of Judge Edward Scott, is in the Archives of the Rhode Island Historical Society. who sprang originally from a Baptist stock. She was not a cactus grandi- fior, but the modest lily of the valley, with qualities of the sensitive plant, and yet she thought it her duty to proclaim in the most public parts of Newport a mission from heaven. I myself heard her, in the open streets, call the people to repentance, exclaiming : ' Repent, repent ! for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.' .... Her second father, by adoption, the wise and wary Joseph Jacob, had died a few years before and left her alone, with no other guide than her own enthusiastic feelings operating on a feeble frame and, one would have supposed, a timid disposition, for there was no wildness in her manner or anything like rant in her utter- ance." " William Ellery was the son of Benjamin Ellery. He served the colony in various capacities. For several years he was a Deputy, and he also filled the office of Assistant. In 1 748 he was elected Deputy Governor, and was re-elected the two following years. Afterwards he was made a Judge of the Supreme Court. He died March 24, 1764, at the age of sixty-three years, leaving three sons and two daughters. One of the sons was Hon. William Ellery, one of the Signers of the Declaration of Inde- pendence. The following tribute was paid to his memory at the time of his deatli : '* On Thursday morning died here the Honorable William Ellery, Esq , late Deputy Governor of this colony, in the sixty-third year of his age. He was initiated into the polite arts and sciences by a liberal education at Harvard College. He soon became a useful member of the Common- wealth, and served the Government in many posts of honor and impor- tance with uprightness and integrity. As a Representative in the General Assembly for this town, he always acted for its true interest. He dis- charged the duties of a Judge with uncorrupted and inflexible justice, mixed with the tenderest compassion, and the offices of a Counsellor and a Deputy Governor with ability and honor. That part of his time not spent in the public service was employed in the m.ercantile life, in which, by his industry and activity in a fair and extensive trade, he served both himself and the public, and, while he was addmg to his own estate, he supplied the wants of the industrious poor by a punctual payment for their services,' judging the honest laborer worthy of his hire. He preserved a valuable character through life ; was a sociable, cheerful, and affable com-. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 23 ^ Henry Collin? was a member of the Society, although his name panion; a sincere, honest, benevolent, and hospitable friend; a lover of virtue and mankind ; a warm advocate of civil and religious liberty, and, though attached to the Congregational way of worship, yet, unbigoted, he experienced Christian charity to all men ; candid, not rigid, but gen- erous in his religious sentiments, and was an unsuperstitious worshipper of the God of heaven. " The sincere tears of his weeping consort, children, and servants, in silent but expressive language speak his domestic character. Prompted by a generous disposition of heart and guided by the principles of right, he lived virtuously and died an honest man." John Checkley, Jr., was the son of Rev. John Checkley, who was known as the representative of the extreme High Church party in Boston — a man of education and strong will, and a determined advocate of the principles he avowed. It was not until he had attained to his forty-seventh year (1727) that he went to England, to enter into Holy Orders, and was ordained by the Bishop of Exeter. He was already known in America as a writer on polemics. On his return to America he was sent to Provi- dence, as missionary to St. John's Church, and preached also at Warwick, R. I., and Attleborough, Mass., at intervals, up to the time of his pro- longed illness, which was followed by death, in 1753. John Checkley, Jr., the subject of this brief sketch, graduated at Harvard in 1738, the year before the return of his father from England. He studied divinity with his father, probably in Providence, which would bring him into con- tact with the literary men of the State, particularly in Newport, where he became a member of the Philosophical Society. He went to England to take orders, and died there of small-pox. ^^ Rev. John Adams. In 1725 there was a want of harmony between the members of the Congregational Church and their pastor. Rev. Nathaniel Clap, a man eminent for his sanctity, but of marked eccen- tricities. His people proposed a colleague, to which he would not con- sent. They persisted, and Rev. John Adams was called as associate ; a measure that did not calm the troubled waters. He was ordained in April, 1728; on which occasion he preached a sermon suited to the day, in the 24 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. does not appear in the above list, and there is good reason for old meeting-house on Tanner Street, which sermon was printed by James Franklin. The supporters of Rev. Mr. Clap could not be reconciled, and they went out and built a new church, the one on Mill Street, which now, alas, is an auction mart. Mr. Adams remained with his people until February, 1728-29, when he was succeeded by Rev. James Searing, who was ordained over the Second Church in 1731. From Newport Rev. Mr. Adams went to Boston, where he died, January 6, 1755, at the age of fifty years. '^^ Rev. Jeremy Condy was of Boston, and it is probable that he was brought into connection with the Society through his acquaintance with Rev. John Callender. He graduated at Harvard in 1726, and after preaching for a number of years, went to England ; returned in 1738, and was settled over the first Baptist church in Boston in 1739, Rev. John Callender preaching the ordination sermon,* which sermon was published "at the desire of the hearers" the same year. In 1764 he resigned his charge, which he had held twenty-five years, and retired from further public service. He died in 1768, aged fifty-nine years. He was one of the petitioners to have Brown University incorporated in 1764. Several of his sermons were published. With such a tribute as that paid by Mr. William E, Foster, in one of the Rhode / "" / ' Island tracts, to the patriot- ' ism, executive ability and scholarly attainments of Governor Hopkins, one may well hesitate to say more than that Stephen Hopkins was recognized as one of the ablest of the learned members of the Philosophical Society. That he was alive to the advantages it afforded him to meet with men who had had a better training and discuss with them points raised by their varied reading, we cannot question; and when Mr. Foster comes to this period in his career he takes occasion to say : '' As a Representative from Scituate to the Gen- eral Assembly, he was enabled, from 1731 to 1738, with the exception of one year, to go regularly to Newport; and there, while attending to his »t nis sermons were puDiisnea. * A sermon Preach'd at the Ordination of Mr. Jeremiah Condy, to the pastoral Care of the Baptist Church in Boston, Feb. 14th, 1738-9, By John Callender, A.M., Pastor of a Church in Newport, Rhode Island. Published at the desire of his Hearers. 4to, pp. 33. Boston: Printed by S. Kneeland & T. Greene, in Queen Street. MDCCXXXIX, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 25 believing, as can here be shown, that Dr. Thomas Moffatt ^ was also a member. public duties, find time to enjoy the society of the literary and scientific founders of the Philosophical Society. This, it must be remembered, was the Newport of Dean Berkeley and of the genial divines. Rev. Mr. Hony- man and Rev. Dr. McSparran ; of Smibert the painter, and, a little later, of the youthful Gilbert Stuart ; of such merchant princes as the Wantons, the Malbones, Abraham Redwood and Whipple; of such accomplished historical scholars as Dr. Stiles and John Callender ; and of scientific men like Joseph and Peter Harrison and Dr. William Hunter." His epitaph, written by Hon. Asher Robbins, a distinguished citizen of Newport, who was with him in his last moments, is an epitome of his life. On one side of the monument there is inscribed : "Sacred to the memory of the illustrious Stephen Hopkins, of revolu- tionary fame, attested by his signature to the declaration of our national Independence. Great in counsel, firm sagacity of mind, magnanimous in sentiment, firm in purpose, and good as great from benevolence of heart, he stood in the front rank of statesmen and patriots. Self-edu- cated, yet among the most learned of men ; his vast treasury of useful knowledge, his great retentive and reflective powers, combined with his social nature, made him the most interesting of companions in private life." On the reverse : "His name is engraved on the immortal records of the Revolution, and can never die. His titles to that distinction are engraved on this monument, reared by the grateful admiration of his native State, in honor of her favorite son." " Rev. Samuel Johnson. The books sent to America in the early years of the eighteenth century were a mine of wealth to the young men who were pushing to the front. Samuel Johnson was one of three students who were so benefited ; the others were Timothy Cutler, who became President of Yale College, and Daniel Brown, a tutor in the same abode of learning. "They were intimate friends, of a literary character," says Hawkins, in his "Historical Notices of the Missions of the Church of England," "and of an inquiring disposition. At the commencement of the eighteenth century learning was at a low ebb in New England, and those who had been educated in traditional hostility to the Church of England had but little chance of acquiring more correct notions of the 3 26 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. subject of the Church government by the study of ecclesiastical history. But about the year 1714 a library^ containing, besides many vaKiable books of science, several of the best writers on theology, as Barrow, Patrick, Louth, Sharp, Whitby and Sherlock, was sent over to the college, which was then at Saybrook. This importation was as springs of water in a thirsty land." Mr. Johnson, fully imbued with what he had read, and intent on enter- ing the ministry, went to England to be ordained. He returned in 1723, and was assigned to the mission at Stratford, Conn. There, although working hard among a people who had to be enlightened in all that related to the doctrine and discipline of the Episcopal Church, found time to keep up his study of Hebrew, and to employ his pen vigorously. His treatises on logic and metaphysics led to his being called to the head of the college in Philadelphia, a call that he declined ; but two years later, at the earnest solicitation of his friends, he accepted a like call to King's College, New York. There he remained for nine years, at the expiration of which time he returned to his old parish at Stratford, to the great de- light of his people. The distance between Stratford and Newport jjrevented Rev. Dr. John- son from taking an active part in the discussions of the Philosophical Society, and he was rated an ''occasional member;" a connection that was evidently agreeable to him. There was a warm tie between the doctor and Dean Berkeley ; and probably a like tie bound him to other members of the Society. Before Berkeley returned to England, he visited him at Whitehall. Rev. Dr. Johnson was born at Guilford, Conn., October 14, 1696, and died at Stratford January 6, 1772. Of him it has been said, " he was a man of great learning, quickness of perception, soundness of judgment and benevolence." ^^ .*«^ V Henry Collins, the son of Arnold Collins and Ammi (Almy) his wife, was born at Newport, March 25, 1699. His mother, at the time of her marriage to his father, was the widow of Thomas Ward and mother of Richard Ward. She was also the grandmother of Samuel Ward. That the surroundings of young Collins had much to do with the formation of his character, and the development of a taste for literature, is apparent ; for the Wards were men of sterling character, who left their impress on the affairs of their native State. Richard Ward was Governor of Rhode Pa ill led by John Sniibert. '. bbTCKUNST, PHINT. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 27 Island from July 1740 to May 1743 ; while Samuel Ward was twice Gov- ernor, and was attending the first Continental Congress, 1776, when he died of small-pox. Henry Collins was sent to England to perfect his studies, and was there trained for a mercantile career ; to which he gave such attention as secured the means, on his return, to indulge a refined taste for literature and the arts. Dr. Waterhouse has spoken of him as the " Lorenzo de Medici of Rhode Island ;" and Hon. William Hunter, in his centennial address, said of him : " He loved literature and the fine arts ; he had taste ; the sense of the beautiful in nature, conjoined with the impulse to see it imitated and sur- passed by art; he was a merchant, enterprising, opulent and liberal. Smibert, who is noticed by Horace Walpole, in his anecdotes of early English painters and engravers, was the father of true painting in this country Collins was fortunate enough to engage his earliest labors ; not his own portrait only, but likewise those of the venerable Clap, and the worthy and pious Callender, and above all, of Berkeley himself." Robert Feke and Alexander were also employed by Mr. Collins to paint the portraits of some of his cotemporaries. It was Mr. Collins, when the project of founding a public library in Newport was stimulated by a gift of money from Abraham Redwood, who offered and gave the lot of land on which the library edifice now stands. He was also public-spirited in other ways, — in aiding in building the Long Wharf (then known as the Town Wharf), the granary, and the Seventh-Day Baptist Church ; of which Society he and the Wards were active members. Later in life he was greatly embarrassed. His liber- ality had led to a considerable diminution of his fortune, followed by ruinous losses under the admiralty rule of 1756, which broke him down financially, and he died, about 1770, under the roof of Ebenezer Flagg, his former partner, with whom he had been in business under the firm name of Collins & Flagg. His house on Washington Street was taken possession of by George Rome, agent of his creditors, and appropriated to his own use ; and was finally confiscated as the property of Rome, who was a loyalist. Mr. Collins never married. ^* yj It is remarkable how long a man whose ^^I^P^OlS /rPii^/Y^r;^/^ "^^^^^ is entitled to some degree of promi- l// nence, maybe passed by until some event of moment draws attention to him. Dr. Thomas Moffatt had resided in Newport a score of years before anything was heard of him. Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse first speaks of him in con- 28 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, nection with an effort to introduce the manufacture of snuff in America. He observes : '' Between the years 1746 and 1750 there came over from Great Britain to the English colonies a number of Scotch gentlemen. Some settled in Philadelphia, some in Perth Amboy, some in New York, but the greater part sat down in that pleasant and healthy spot, Rhode Island, called by the first historiographer, Callender, the 'Garden of America.' Several of the emigrants were professional men. Amo^g them was Dr. Thomas Moffatt, a learned physician of the Boerhaavean school; but, however learned, his dress and manners were so ill suited to the plainness of the inhabitants of Rhode Island, who were principally Quakers, that he could not make his way among them as a practitioner, and he looked around for some other mode of subsistence. He hit upon that of making snuff to supply the place of the great quantities that were every year imported from Glasgow ; but he could find no man in thecountry who, he thought, was able to make him a snuff-mill. He, therefore, wrote to Scotland and obtained a competent millwright by the name of Gil|3ert Stewart." The project was successful until, for want of a sufficient quantity of bottles, resort was had to bladders in which to pack the snufi". We next find Dr. Moffatt's name enrolled as one of the charter mem- bers of the Redwood Library, 1747, and, later, in connection with the odious Stamp Act, which, as an officer of the Crown, he attempted, with 4iis associates in office, to enforce — an effort that resulted in his having to seek shelter in the house of Quaker Tom Robinson, on the Point ; and from there, with the aid of Mr. and Mrs. Robinson, he escaped to one of the British ships in the harbor. With the above, and a few details con- nected with the last event, we have had to be content. But in my search ' in the Library I found the following obituary in the Gentleman' s Maga- zine; and then, a little later, a notice of the sermon preached at his funeral ; the latter confirming the statement that Dr. Moffatt essayed to come to America with Dean Berkeley, and did follow him the following year, 1729. " In consequence of old age and a paralytic stroke, at Grosvenor Place, Pimlico, Thomas Moffatt, M.D., a native of North Britain, and lately His Majesty's Comptroller at New London, in Connecticut. Dr. Moffatt went to America in 1729, under the patronage of the famous Bishop Berkeley, and was amply rewarded for his classical knowledge and polite literature, planted in a fertile soil by the University of Edinburgh. The Doctor was ever loyal to the House of Hanover and faithful to the British Government ; and oftentimes in perils amongst false brethren, on account NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 29 of those virtues, rare in New England. In 1765 his house and goods at Newport, Rhode Island, were destroyed by the mob, in derision of the Stamp Act; of which abuse the Doctor complained, and the Minister ordered the Governor and General Assembly of Rhode Island to pay him ;,{^iooo sterling for the damage done by the mobs. However, the Gen- eral Assembly ordered the Treasurer to pay him ;^i5o currency; but the Doctor could never recover even that sum from an empty treasury, and 'so they wrapt it up.' In 1775, after sundry insults offered him by the Americans, headed by Governor Trumbull (since created LL.D. of Edin- burgh, by the courtesy of the Rev. Dr. Robertson), Dr. Moffatt, for per- sonal safety, fled to the royal banner supported by General Gage, then at B.)ston, and left his property to the mercy of an ungrateful foe, who pur- loined his goods, confiscated his real estate, and proscribed his person. But on his arrival in England his sovereign remembered his services, his loyalty, and integrity, and most graciously allowed him a pension oi ^200 per annum. His remains were interred on the 21st inst., in the new burying-ground belonging to St. George's, Hanover Square. On his gravestone is written : '* ' Here is laid Thomas Moffatt, M.D., 21 March, 1787 : who left his gratitude to the King and British Nation, his prayers to the Loyalists, and pardon to the Rebels of America.' " The above is at variance with the received opinion, that Dr. Moffatt came to America only about the year 1747, but is confirmed by the fol- lowing notice of his funeral sermon : '■'■A Sermon preached at Charlotte Chapel, Pimlico, on Sunday, the ^25th day of March, 1787, on the death of Thomas Moffatt, M.D., late of New London, in Connecticut, who died at Grosvenor Place, in the Parish of St. George, Hanover Square, March 14, 1787, in the eighty-seventh year of his age. By Samuel Peters, A.M. 4/^." The discourse is inscribed to General Gage, and contains an address to the American Loyalists. It has the following preface : *' It [the sermon] was composed, preached, and printed in compliment to some friends and acquaintances of the late Dr. Thomas Moffatt, M.D., who went from Edinburgh to North America in the year 1729, but would have gone the year before, in the train of- Dean Berkeley, afterwards Lord Bishop of Cloyne, in the kingdom of Ireland, had not sickness prevented. This trait in the early part of life substantiates the great abilities and the literary merits of Dr. Moffatt, more than ninety-nine diplomas of less ancient date from universities in Europe or America. The author has known Dr. Moffatt nearly forty years, and was known to him as soon as so ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, born. He justly owed great veneration to the Doctor in his lifetime, and most freely paid this last office of respect to his memory." I have thought that the above interesting facts should not be passed unnoticed, and have, therefore, introduced them here. There is only one mention of Dr. Moffatt's name in connection with the Library, and that is worthy of record. In the first of the four folio volumes of '' Richard Baxter's Practical Works," there is inscribed: '' We, being sensible of the declension of these days, and earnestly de- sirous to revive true and primitive religion, have contributed and advanced the underwritten sums to Mr. Samuel Vernon, to purchase the works of the venerable Mr. Richard Baxter, with which we shall endow the Redwood Library : "Jacob Hasey, ^Z\ Robert Stevens, £,\\ Samuel Vernon, ;£^4; :, ;£^3.4.6 ; Joshua Sayer, ^5 ; Thomas Mofiatt, ^4 ; Eleazer Tre- vett, ;£2i '-> ' ? ;^3-io.o; Nathaniel Sweeting, j[^2 ; Jonathan Thurs- ton, i^3-5-o-— ^40. " Newport, R. I., July 24th, 1749. In each volume there is inscribed, in a fiill, clear hand : '' Given to the Redwood Library by Messrs. Thomas Moffatt, Samuel Vernon, and others, May, 1750-" From the above facts, we can hardly but believe that Dr. Moffatt took part in the discussions of the Philosophical Society, although his name does not appear in the list of members. ' NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 31 CHAPTER II. 1 747- 1 765. T a Meeting of the Company of the Red- wood Library, in the Council Chamber at Newport, the last Wednesday of Septem- ber, A. D. 1747, this being the first meeting of the Company since its Incorporation, the Charter was pubhcly read, as follows : COLONY OF RHODE ISLAND, Etc. By the Honorable the Governor and Company of the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, in New England in America, in General As- sembly met at Newport, within and for the Colony aforesaid, on the third Tuesday in August, one thousand seven hundred and forty-seven : To all to whom these pi'esents shall come. Greeting. Whereas, Abraham Redwood, Esquire, hath generously en- gaged to bestow five hundred pounds sterling, to be laid out in a collection of useful books suitable for a Public Library proposed to be erected in Newport aforesaid, and, having nothing in view but the good of mankind, hath chosen to make his donation as lasting and diffusive as possible ; to which end, James Honyman and others have been invited to join him, and, so far as in them lies, to form a Society, or Company, for the propagating virtue, knowledge, and useful learning ; which they have accordingly done, etc. : where- upon the said Society have made application to this Assembly for a charter of incorporation, who, highly approving of 50 noble and generous design, and being willing and desirous to give all the assistance and encouragement which it justly merits, have given, 32 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, and by these presents the said Governor and Company do, for themselves and their successors, give and grant, that the said Abraham Redwood, James Honyman, and others, and all others that shall be by them admitted members of their Company, be, and they are hereby constituted, erected, and made a body politic and corporate, to subsist, at all times for ever hereafter, in deed and name, by the name of The Company of the Redwood Library; and, by the same name, shall and may have perpetual succession, and be personable and taxable in law ; to have, hold, receive, and enjoy lands, tenements, rents, liberties, franchises, and heredita- ments, in fee-simple, or for term of life, lives, years, or otherwise ; and also goods, chattels, and other things, of what nature, kind, or quality soever ; and also to give, grant, let, sell, or assign the same lands, tenements, hereditaments, goods, and chattels ; and to do and execute all other things about the same by the name afore- said. And also that they and their successors, by the name of the Company of the Redwood Library, be, and shall be for ever here- after, a company of persons able and liable to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, answer and be answered unto, defend and be defended against, in all or any of the courts of law or other places, and before any judges, justices, and other persons whatso- ever, in all manner of actions, suits, complaints, pleas, causes, and matters of every kind and nature whatsoever. And that it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Company of the Redwood Library, and successors, for ever hereafter to have one common seal for their use in their affairs ; and the same, at their will and pleasure, to change and alter. And, for the well-governing and ordering their affairs, the Governor and Company of the Colony aforesaid do hereby further grant, that it shall and may be lawful for the said Company and their successors to assemble and meet together on the last Wednesday in September in every year, and at such other times as they shall think convenient, at their Library or any other suitable place in the town of Newport ; due and public notice being given at least five days before the times of such meetings, not only of the day, hour, and place of such meeting, but of the cause thereof, and of the matters to be transacted therein. And that the said Company, or one-fourth part of them at least, in person, or by NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 33 proxy duly constituted in writing, shall have full power and au- thority, from time to time, to make constitute, and establish such laws, statutes, orders, and constitutions as shall appear to them, or the major part of them, to be good and useful, honest and neces- sary, for the government, regulation, and direction of the Company, and every member thereof; and for the appointing and regulating the election or nomination of Directors, a Treasurer, Librarian, Sec- retary, and such and so many other officers as they may think fit, and for limiting and appointing their trust and authority ; and for the admitting new members ; and to do all things concerning the government, estates, goods, lands, and revenues, and also all the business and affairs, of the said Company. All which laws, statutes, orders and constitutions, so to be made as aforesaid, shall be bind- ing on every member, and to be from time to time inviolably ob- serv^ed according to the tenor and effect of them, provided that they be not repugnant to the law of England or of the Colony. And now, and that the intent hereof may prove more effectual, and in- flame the worthy zeal of the Company, Gideon Wanton, Esq., Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over the Colony afore- said, doth, by the direction of the said Assembly, subscribe his name, and cause the seal of the said Colony to be affixed hereunto, the twenty-fourth day of August, in the twenty-fourth year of the reign of his most sacred Majesty George the Second, by the grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. (Signed) Gideon Wanton. (Sealed with the Seal of the Colony.) By order of his Honor the Governor, (Signed) Thomas Ward, Secretary. It is agreed by the Company that the directors shall be eight in number, and any five of them constitute a quorum. This day being the anniversary for electing directors, etc., accord- ing to the Company's charter, the following gentlemen were chosen to the respective offices ascribed to their names : Directors for the Year Ensuing. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., The 34 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Rev. Mr. James Honynian, The Rev. Mr. Callender, Mr. Henry Collins, Edward Scott, Esq., Samuel Wickham, Esq., Capt. John Tillinghast, Peter ^ours, Esq. Treasurer. — Capt. Joseph Jacob. Librarimi. — Edward Scott, Esq. Secretary. — Thomas Ward, Esq. The Company agreed to meet again the 7th of October next, at three o'clock, afternoon. October 7, T747. The Company met in the Council Chamber according to adjournment, and Messrs. Abraham Redwood, Edward Scott, Joseph Harrison, Joseph Jacob, Samuel Rodman, Henry Col- lins, John Tillinghast and Peter Bours were appointed a committee to collect contributions for building the Library. November 4, 1747. The Company met in the Council Chamber according to adjournment. Messrs. Gideon Wanton, Joseph Wanton, Joseph Whipple, Junr., William Ellery, Walter Chaloner, Jonathan Thurston, Samuel Holmes, Godfrey Malbone, Junr., Charles Bowler, Gideon Cornell, Robert Crooke, John Collins, John Dennis, Abraham Hart, Matthew Robinson, William Dunbar, John Chaloner and John Jepson were unanimously admitted members of the Company. As there is upwards of ^^5000 subscribed for erecting a Library wherein to deposit Mr. Redwood's donation, the directors, or any two of thefn, are desired to wait on that gentleman for bills of ex- change to purchase the books withall.^" "^ No mention is made in the records of the gift of the land on which the building was erected, from Henry Collins ; the lesser gift being wholly eclipsed by the weightier one from Mr. Redwood. But the fact that the lot, then known as Bowling Green, was so given, has been properly noted on the tablet on the walls of the Library. Some years ago a copy of the deed was entered upon the records in the city clerk's office, see appendix, but the original is not in the Library. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 35 Agreed that the directors shall draw up a catalogue of books such as they shall think will best answer the ends of the foun- dation, and present the same to the Company at their next meet- ing.''*^ The directors are hereby desired to procure forthwith all mate- rials necessary for building the Library ; and that they may be enabled so to do, one of them at a time is desired to go with the Treasurer to the several subscribers, in order to collect the sev^eral sums which the gentlemen have set against their names. July 4, 1748. At a meeting of a quorum of the Company in the Council Chamber, in consequence of a notification from the Secre- tary, made by order of the directors ; the directors produced the catalogue of books proposed to be bought for the Company, which being read was approved ; but it appearing that five hundred pounds sterling will not purchase so many books, the directors are. therefore desired to retrench their catalogue, and send it home as soon as possible, with Mr. Redwood's bill of exchange, to Mr. Thom- linson. Capt. Joseph Harrison is chosen director in the room of the late Mr. Callender. Agreed that the directors, or any three of them, be and they are hereby fully authorized and impowered to contract with and employ such workmen as they shall please to go on and build the Library ; and that for the payment of those workmen they, or any three of them, are hereby fully authorized and impowered to draw money "^ One copy of the catalogue of the books purchased, and only one, is known to exist, and as it cannot fail to interest the reader to know what books were thought most fitting to form the nucleus of such a library, a place has been assigned it in the appendix. With it there is an interesting list of books, with the names of the donors, as far as known, given at that early period in the history of the Library. 36 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, out of the Company's treasury to pay ye workmen.^^ [For build- ing contract, see Appendix.] " The Redwood Library building is a notable specimen of the archi- tectural taste of the early eighteenth century ; a period rich in the achieve- ments of English architects of the school of Sir Christopher Wren, and, later, of those of Sir William Chambers and Sir John Vanbrugh. Among the few trained architects who found their way to the colonies in the early years of the century, the name of Peter Harrison stands out in strong relief. Of his early life we know but little. Tradition says he was a pupil of Vanbrugh, and assisted him in the erection of Blenheim palace. However this may be, we have evidence in the Redwood Library, City Hall, and Jews' synagogue at Newport, that he was an edu- cated architect of the school of Vanbrugh and Chambers, and not simply a carpenter with a smattering of professional knowledge. This was de- monstrated to the writer while making measurements of the Library build- ing, preparatory to the erection of the eastern section, in 1875. These measurements, numerous and accurate, proved that the building erected by Harrison was most carefully planned and studied ; its proportions, de- tails, columns, etc., being in strict accord with the rules of classic archi- tecture, as set forth by the authorities most followed in the eighteenth cen- tury — Vignola and Alberti. As originally designed, it was in effect a Roman temple of the Doric order ; and it stands to-day, as it stood when it came from the builder's hands in 1750; the changes being confined to additions to the building, in the rear, and not to any disturbance of the original plan. The pedi- ment on the front is, as then, supported by four columns beautifully curved in perfect entasis — the columns without fiutings and the pediment without ornaments or sculpture. On each side of the front there was a small room — wings — slightly receding from the west front, their roofs forming half gables. The east front was rich in detail ; it had a pediment, as on the west, while the wall was broken by three finely-arched windows, enriched with columns, imposts, and transoms, in Roman Ionic; the whole of wood, standing upon a rusticated basement of Connecticut brownstone, with broad steps and buttresses of the same material. The walls of the building, from the base course to the under side of architrave, is rustic work. In 1858 the building was enlarged from designs of George Snell, a Boston architect of high and deserved repute, who entered upon the work a NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 37 At a meeting of the Company of the Redwood Library in the Council Chamber at Newport, the last Wednesday in September, A.D. 1748. This being the anniversary day for electing Directors, etc., accord- ing to the Company's Charter, the following gentlemen were chosen to the respective offices ascribed to their names : Directors for the Year, Ensuing. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., The Rev. Mr. Jas. Honyman, Mr. Henry Collins, Samuel Wickham, Esq., Capt. Jno. Tillinghast, Peter Bours, Esq., Capt. Joseph Harri- son, The Rev. Mr. James Searing. Treasurer. — Capt. Joseph Jacob. Librarian. — Edward Scott, Esq. Secretary. — Thomas Ward. Capt. George Wanton, Mr. Joseph Rhodes, Capt. Henry Taggart, with a feeling of sincere respect for the design of his predecessor, and conscientiously followed the original treatment. He added a large room on the east (the present reading-room), properly proportioned to the Harrison building ; carefully removed the east front and reset it as the south front of the new part, adding a like front on the north. The two wings on the sides of the old building were extended, one on each side, to the new part, and so skillfully done that the mass, when completed, made a most pleasing and harmonious whole. In 1875 ^^''^ Library building was further enlarged, from designs and under the care, of the writer, who, left all the work of Harrison and Snell intact, and erected a large cruciform building, — a large domed room in the centre, with wings north and south, — the north front of Berea stone and the rest of brick. The proportions and details of the old work were carefully followed, and, to gain the needed additional height, a plain attic was given above the entablature of the main building. The shingles on the original building and the Snell addition gave way to slate. No change has since been made in the edifice, but the interior has been greatly improved, particularly in the provision for books, the building of the " Alexander Mercer King Memorial Gallery," and enrich- ing the walls with pleasing and harmonious colors. 38 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Capt. Isaac Stelle, The Rev. Mr. Jeremiah Learning, were unani- mously admitted members of the Company. The last Wednesday in September, 1749. This being anniver- sary day for electing Directors, etc., the following gentlemen were re-elected. [Here follows the names of all the officers re-elected.] John Thomlinson, of London, Eng. ; Stephen Greenleaf, of Bos- ton, New England ; Moses Lopez, John Tweedy, John Belitho, James Duncan, Rowel Potter, Simon Rhodes, William Richards, John Eldred, Thomas Coggeshall, John Bennett, mariner ; George Gibbs, Joseph Wilson, Junr., Robert Stevens, Peleg Thurston, Stephen Ayrault, Philip Wanton, William Stoddard, Paris Hendren, Wm. Bennett, Junr., and William Pinnegar, were unanimously admitted members of the Company. N. B. — John ThomHnson, Esq., an Honorary Member. Daniel Updike, Esq., James Honyman, Junr., Thomas Ward and Mr. Matthew Robinson are appointed and requested to draw up a Body of Laws for the Regulation of this Company, and present the same to the Directors. Capt. Benjamin Wickham and Capt. Wm. Paul are appointed to collect the sums subscribed for building the Library House, and pay the same into the Treasury. March 15, 1750. At a meeting of the Company of the Redwood Library, the Body of Laws drawn up by the Directors and pre- sented to this meeting, was voted and agreed to, viz. : " The Generous Mr. Abraham Redwood, of Newport, on Rhode Island, sensible of the distinguished favour whereby Heaven had bless'd him with an ample fortune, proposed to acknowledge it by a design which could be only the genuine effect of a gratefull mind, the improving the place of his residence in knowledge and virtue, that from the Inhabitants some Revenue of honour might return and be paid to the Donor of all mercies. " To accomplish this happy end, he freely and without a prompter, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 39 devoted and paid down Five Hundred pounds Sterling, for purchas- ing a Library of all arts and sciences, put under the most prudent Limitation and Restriction, whereunto the curious and impatient inquirer after resolution of doubts, and the bewildered ignorant might freely repair for discovery and demonstration to the one, and true knowledge and satisfaction to the other, nay to inform the mind in both, in order to reform the practice. Now to conduct this design to the best advantage, he proposed to form a Company of some of the best repute and character, who might join in con- sultation upon the most suitable method to bring so important a project to a happy issue. And those Gentlemen, seeing the bene- ficial consequences that would accrue, not only to the Town, but the confines around, in diffusing light and truth to places far and wide, came readily into the proposal, and well knowing that nothing of that nature can be carried on, without method and order, nor any society subsist without agreeing to some rules, whereunto every one in turn must submit, they obtained from the Government a Charter, by which they are incorporated and impowered, in a social capacity to name their Laws, and in consequence thereof do Vote and agree to the following : " First. That every member shall in person, or by proxy, meet annually at the Redwood Library, at ten o'clock in the forenoon on every last Wednesday in September, where and when for managing the affairs of the Library with the greatest ease and dispatch, they shall choose eight Directors, a Treasurer, a Secretary and a Libra- rian, of which Directors five to be a quorum, who may make, alter or add to the laws with the approbation of the Company, which Directors are to meet on the first Monday of every month at three o'clock in the afternoon ; which Treasurer shall receive such monies as may be given or become due to the Company, disburse them by order of the Directors, with whom he shall account every quarter, if required ; which Secretary shall keep fair and exact records of the Directors' and Company's transactions, take care of the charter, and keep it safe from accidents and injuries; and which Librarian shall attend the service of the Library and at it from three o'clock to five in the afternoon of every Thursday. " Secondly. That in the election of these officers, as in all other 40 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, transactions of the Company, every member shall have a single vote and no more. ** Thirdly. That any member may borrow any one, and but one book at one time, and for one month, or less, at any of the Libra- rian's hours, on his attending days, giving a note to the Librarian to the value of the book fixed in the Catalogue as security for its being returned in the same good condition, whereof he is to be judge, which book shall neither be sent nor lent out of the Colony, at the forfeiture of the borrower's interest in ye library. " Fourthly. That any person not a member may borrow for the same time, first signing a receipt for said book, or depositing the sum set against it in the Catalogue (as a security for its being re- turned in the same good condition, whereof the Librarian is to be the judge), and also for the hire thereof, which shall be per week at the following rates, viz. : For folios, five shillings ; quartos, four shillings ; octavos, three shillings ; and all of a smaller size two shillings, which money shall be disposed of as the Company shall direct ; such book not to be carried out of the town of Newport on the penalty of forfeiting the deposit money, and of being excluded from the like privilege for the future. " Fifthly. That every borrower who keeps a book beyond the time limited in his note or receipt, may return it on either of the two next succeeding attending days, paying double hire for every week's neglect, which, not being done, the note or deposit money is to be deemed forfeit. " Sixthly. That all books returned shall be delivered to the Libra- rian, to be by him examined whether damaged, and if so, the bor- rower's note or money shall not be delivered till restitution made to the Librarian, of which he shall be judge, which, if not sub- mitted to by said borrower, then to be determined by any three of the Directors within one month after. " Seventhly. That no borrower from whom any fine or forfeiture shall be due, or who shall have damaged any book, shall be per- mitted to borrow another book until satisfaction be made. '^Eighthly. It is allowed by Mr. Redwood, the founder, and agreed to by the Directors and Company, that every member who has or shall contribute to the value of fifty pounds, have an equal right NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 41 and property in the books, house and lands thereunto belonging, to ' be held forever in common, and not subject to partition, and in that manner to descend to their heirs as an estate of inheritance, and to be assignable to such only as the Company approve of, and that such members as have not contributed the sum aforesaid shall not have the privilege of assigning their right ; neither shall it descend to their heirs, but their property therein shall, at their decease, revert to the Company. " Ninthly. That the Directors shall appoint a committee of the members within a month's time before the annual meeting of the Company, to examine the books and compare them with the cata- logue, and report if any are missing. " Tcnthly. That, no borrower shall lend a book to any person whatever on the penalty of forfeiting the sum set against the book in the catalogue. ''Lastly. That for discharging officers' salaries, unforeseen inci- dental charges, and unavoidable repairs, every member shall pay at every annual meeting of the Company, at the Library, twenty shil- lings, on the penalty of being excluded the privilege of borrowing any book until he complies thercAvith." Joseph Whipple, Junr., Esq., and Mr. Josias Lyndon are ap- pointed to audit the Treasurer's acct's, and make report to the next meeting. The Librarian, Joseph Whipple, Junr., Esq., and Josias Lyndon are appointed to agree with the Printer to print a Thousand blank notes and Receipts for the Borrowers to sign. September 26, 1750. The following gentlemen were chosen to the respective offices ascribed to their names. Directors for the Year Ensuing. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., Mr. Henry Collins, Rev. Mr. James. Searing, Samuel Wickham, Esq., Mr. John Tillinghast, Peter Bours, Esq., Capt. Joseph Harrison,^ Edward Scott, Esq. 2^ Joseph Harrison was the brother of Peter Harrison, the archaect of 4 42 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Secretary. — Thomas Ward, Esq. Treasurer. — Capt. William Paul. Librarian. — Dr. Thomas Moffatt. Voted : Mr. Edward Upham admitted an Honorary Member of this Company. Voted : That the Treasurer wait upon the delinquent subscribers, and upon their refusing or neglecting to pay their subscriptions, that he commence an action against each of them at the next No- vember Court. Voted: That Mr. Henry Collins and Edward Scott, Esq., be re- quested to procure subscriptions sufficient to complete the building of the Library'. December 28, 1 750. Voted : That the Company be equally taxed the sum of twelve hundred pounds for finishing the Library house, and that Capt. Solomon Townsend and Mr. John Chaloner be ap- pointed to collect the same as soon as conveniently may be. September, 175 1. At the annual meeting the officers of the Company were re-elected, with one vacancy — that of Librarian. Benjamin Sherburne, Silas Cooke, David Melvill, Robert Stod- dard, Solomon Townsend, Charles Bardin, James Hamdan, Evan Malbone, and John Banister were admitted members. September 22, 1852. The old officers were re-elected, with Mar- tin Howard, Jr., as Librarian, to fill the vacancy caused by the re- tiring of Dr. Thomas Moffatt.^ the Library building. They were both members of the " Hand and Heart Fire Club" of 1749. Joseph was more identified with Newport than Peter, whose profession as an architect, frequently called him to Boston and New Haven. ■^ At that time Dr. Moffatt, the Librarian, was taken up with his snuff- mill project, in Narragansett, and it does not appear that the vacancy was filled until the following year, when Martin Howard, Jr., was elected '\\\ his place. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 43 Voted : That Rev. Mr. John Beach,^° and Mr. Nicholas Eyres'^ be admitted Honorary Members. Voted : That Francis Willet'*^ and Christopher Waterman be ad- mitted members of this Society. Voted : That such members of the Society as shall refuse or neglect to pay their proportion of any sums already voted to be paid to the use of the Library within one week from the day, or shall neglect paying their proportion of any sum or sums that shall hereafter be voted to be paid for the use aforesaid within three months from the date of such vote, he or they shall absolutely be refused by the Librarian for the time being, the liberty of having ^" Rev. John Beach was sent by the congregation of Trinity Church, Newport, to England, in 1731,10 take Holy Orders; returned the follow- ing year and entered upon missionary labors at Newton, Conn., where he was a preacher up to the time of his death, in 1782. In August of the above year, 1752, he declined a call to Trinity Church, on account of continued ill health, and the Rev. Thomas Pollen, whose name will ap- pear in these pages in connection with the Library, was sent in his stead by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. ^^ Rev. Nicholas Eyres was born at Chipmanslade, England, August 22, 1691, came to America and settled in New York in 1715, removed to Newport in 1731 and became the pastor of the Second Baptist Church, and died here, February 13, 1759, ^f^^^* having been settled over the church a period of twenty-seven years. On his tombstone in the common burying-ground there is a monument erected to his memory by the Baptist Society, on which there is a long epitaph, which closes with these words : *' This stone transmits the memory of one who shall shine as ye bright- ness of ye Firmament and as the Stars for ever and ever." ^'^ Col. Francis Willet was the son of Thomas Willet, who was the first Mayor of New York. He died February 6, 1776, aged eighty-three years, and was buried on his own estate in Narragansett. Wilkins Updike said of him : " He was educated a merchant, but did pursue commerce. He had a good genius, and was a man of much reading and information ; and settling himself on his paternal estate, being very opulent, he lived the life of a private gentlemen. He was hospitable and generous, of excellent morals, and a very estimable an4 highly respected character," 44 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, . any book out of the Library until they pay up what they severally owe. September 26, 1753. The following officers were elected: Chosen Directors for the Year. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., Mr. Henry Collins, John Tillinghast, Esq., Revd. Mr. James Searing, Peter Bours, Esq., Edward Scott, Esq., Mr. Joseph Harrison, Dr. Thomas Moffatt. Secretary. — Mr. Thomas Vernon. Librarian. — Mr. Martin Howard, Jr. Treasurer. — Mr. William Paul. Voted : That Mr. Thomas Vernon be admitted a member oi this Society in the room of Capt. Joseph Phillips, said T. Vernon having a conveyance of said right from J. Phillips, and that he wait on Thomas Ward, Esq., the late Secretary, and desire him to deliver to said Tho. Vernon the charter, and all the laws, papers, etc., be- longing to the Redwood Library. Voted : That the Directors for the time being (or a major part of them) be a standing committee to adjust and settle all accompts relating to the Library. Voted : That Mr. Thomas Malbone be admitted a member, pay- ing sixty-two pounds to the Treasurer.^ September 25, 1754. The Directors were re-elected, with Mr. Thomas Vernon Secretary. Mr. Martin Howard, Junr., Librarian. Mr. William Paul, Treasurer. Voted: That Mr. Henry Ward be admitted upon his paying sixty-two pounds. Voted : That Mr. Martin Howard be admitted a member of the Society. Voted : Tha:t Mr. Francis Honyman be admitted in the right of his father [Revd. James Honyman} upon Mr. James Honyman con- veying the said right of his father to him. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 45 Voted : That the Revd. Mr. Thomas Pollen be admitted an hon- orary member. Voted : That in the absence of the Librarian, any officer of the Society hath Hberty to wait on any gentleman, with the key, to view the Libraiy, but that no books be delivered but on Library day. September, 1755. At the annual meeting, Edward Scott, Esq., was chosen Moderator, No change was made in the officers of the Company other than the election of David Chesebrough as Director, in place of Revd. Mr. Searing, deceased, and Revd. Mr. Jeremiah Leaming,^^ Libra- rian, in place of Martin Howard,^* Junr. The Revd. Ezra Stiles was admitted an honorary member. ^ Revd. Jeremiah Learning served as Librarian for only one year. He had been sent to England to take Orders, in 1748, and, on his return was made Assistant Minister of Trinity Church, Newport, under Revd. James Hon y man. He resided in Newport eight years, then removed to Connecticut, where he was the minister of the church at Norwalk for twenty-one years, and he then had charge of the church at Stratford for eight or nine years. He was thought worthy to be the first American Bishop, an honor he felt bound to decline, owing to a bodily infirmity caused by imprisonment for his Tory sentiment in the Revolution. He died at New Haven, September 15, 1804. A number of his works were published, but there are none of them in the Library. ^* Martin Howard, Junr., the retiring Librarian, who studied law under James Honyman, was residing in Narragansett in 1749, but he subse- quently made his home at Newport, where his father had been admitted a freeman in 1726. A good deal of prominence was given to him in connection with the Stamp Act, he, with Dr. Thomas Moffatt and Augus- tus Johnston, having taken office under that odious measure. For their allegiance to the Crown they suffered at the hands of a mob, and were forced to seek shelter on board of one of the King's ships in the harbor. An appointment was subsequently given him — that of Chief Justice of North Carolina. In 1778 he went to England, and died at Chelsea, March 9, 1782. 46 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Capt. Joseph Bull produced a conveyance of the right in the Library of Doctor Walter Rodman,^ deceased, made to him by Joseph Rodman, heir-at-law of said Walter, which is approved of, and the said Joseph Bull is therefore voted a member. September 29, 1756. John Gardner, Esq., was chosen Mod- erator. The Directors were re-elected. Mr. Thomas Vernon was chosen Secretary, Rev. Mr. Ezra Stiles Librarian, and Capt. William Paul Treasurer. Voted : That Capt. Daniel Ayrault, Capt. Thomas Wickham and Capt. Charles Bardin be a committee to audit the Treasurer's and Librarian's accounts ; and Edward Scott, Esq., Capt. Charles Bardin and Mr. Martin Howard w^ere to take an account of the books. Voted : That Thomas Vernon ^^ and Charles Bardin be appointed to collect the arrears due from the Company, agreeable to the last ^^ rioctor Walter Rodman, son of Doctor Charles Rodman, was born at Newport, August 13, 1719, and died at Jamestown, July 20, 1753, aged thirty-four years. His wife, Rebecca Redwood, sister of Abraham Red- wood, after her husband's death (by whom she had no children) married Joseph Clarke, who was the Treasurer of the Colony and the State from 1761 to 1792. Dr. Rodman came of a family of physicians who practiced successfully in Rhode Island for many years. ^ Thomas Vernon was the son of Samuel Vernon and grandson of Daniel Vernon. He was born May 31, 1718, and died without issue in 1784. His wife, Jane Brown, was the daughter of Capt. John Brown. She died April 28, 1765, aged forty-three years, and May 20, 1766, he married Mary Mears, who died in August, 1787. Mr. Vernon was at one time engaged in business in Newport. He was the Royal Postmaster from 1745 to 1755. For twenty years he was Registrar of the' Court of Vice- Admiralty. For his loyalty to the King he suffered much, and was im- prisoned. During his captivity he kept a journal, now in the archives of the Newport Historical Society, and which has been published in the Newport IListorical Magazine. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 47 article of the laws, which money is to be applied for making a fence, etc. October 14, 1756. Mr. Thomas Rowland, of Tiverton, appeared at the Library, and produced a conveyance from the hand and seal of Abram Borden of his right in the Library. Present, Edward Scott, Esq. September 28, 1757. No change was made in the officers of the Library. Mr. Solomon Townsend was to collect the arrearage due from the Company, and pay said money into the hands of the Libra- rian. September 27, 1758. Annual meeting. Peter Bours, Esq., chosen Moderator. The officers were all re-elected. Voted: That Jacob Rodriguez Rivera ^^ be admitted a member of this Society in the room of Mr. Moses Lopez. " Jacob Rodriguez Rivera was a merchant largely engaged in the manu- facture of spermaceti in connection with other industries. He was known as "the honest man," so correct was he in all his -dealings. A series of losses forced him to stop payment. As soon as this was known in England, the merchants there with whom he traded sent him word that their con- fidence in him was unimpaired, and that he could have all the goods he wanted to carry on his business. To avail himself of this liberal offer it became necessary to take the benefit of the insolvent act. Again suc- cessful, in a few years he paid oif his old indebtedness, principal and interest. The following is the English inscription on his monument in the Jewish cemetery, taken off by Rev. A. P. Mendes, who had great diffi- culty in deciphering it, so worn is it by time : '*If to profess and patronize the principles of Judaism, to observe the strictest integrity in extensive commerce, and to exhibit unbounded benevolence for all mankind, ran secure to the spontaneous and invariable practiser of these virtues eternal bliss, Jacob Rods Rivera, whose mortal frame is deposited beneath this marble, must, consonant to the ardent 48 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted: That Mr. Jonas Langford Redwood ^^ and Mr. William Redwood, sons of Abraham, be admitted members of this Society. Voted : That Mr. Ebenezer Flagg^'' be admitted a member in the room of William Bennett, deceased ; it appearing to the Society that hopes of all who knew him, be in full possession of that superlative hap- piness. '* He lived beloved and he died lamented the 2 2d Sebat, A. M. 5549, corresponding with i8th February, A. D. 1789, aged seventy-two years." Then follows in Hebrew: *' The memory of the just is blessed." ^** Jonas Langford Redwood was born June 16, 1730, and died in 1779 or 1780. He married Abigail Godfrey, and after the death of his grand- father he went to England, where he resided up to the time of his death, at Brighton, in his seventy-fifth year. His brother, William Redwood, born June i, 1734, married Sarah Pope. ^^ Ebenezer Flagg was befriended by Henry Collins when a poor boy, for which a full return by him and his family was made, when misfortune overtook his benefactor. His patriotism was marked. He was quarter- master of the " squadron " — two vessels, the Washington and Katy — that sailed under Commodore Whipple in 1775, and since recognized as *' the commencement of the American Navy." He rose from one rank to another, and in 1779 was i^ajor of the First Rhode Island Battalion. The unfortunate termination of his life is thus recorded in Arnold's " History of Rhode Island:" ** The American army were stationed near Fishkill. Col. Greene's regi- ment was encamped at Rhode Island "village;" part of them occupying an advanced post some ten miles distant, at Point's Bridge. Before day- break a body of two hundred and sixty of the enemy's light horse forded the river above and surprised them in the rear. Major Flagg was mur- dered in his bed. Col. Greene, first wounded, was taken into the woods and cut to pieces." Flagg was a manufacturer of cordage. Henry Collins became his part- ner, under the firm name of Collins & Flagg. Subsequently the firm was Collins, Flagg & Engs. When Mr. Collins, one of the most benevolent and public spirited of men, as already noticed, was greatly reduced, it is said the Flagg family took care of him and smoothed his way to the grave. The portrait of Mr. Collins, from which the print in these pages was taken, is in the possession of Mr. Wm. J. Flagg of New York. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 49 said Bennett never paid for his right or any charges of the Library, the major part of said right being paid by Mr. Henry CoUins, and that whatever [obHterated] upon that right to be paid, by said Flagg. Voted : That Mr. Solomon Townsend be appointed to collect the last year's arrears, due from the Company, and that he pay the money into the hands of the Directors. Voted : That a suitable board fence be built around the Library yard this fall. Voted : That the accounts respecting the Library be adjusted by the Directors before the expiration often days from this date. September 26, 1759. Annual meeting. Mr. Joseph Jacob chosen Moderator. Chosen Directors. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., Mr. Henry Collins, John Tillinghast, Esq., Peter Bours, Esq. [often written Bourse], Edv/ard Scott, Esq., Mr. Joseph Jacob, Dr. Thos. Moffatt, Mr. David Cheseb rough. Secretary. — Thomas Vernon. Librarian. — Rev. Ezra Stiles. • Treasurer. — William Paul. Voted : That no person be admitted a member of this Society without first paying one hundred pounds, old tenor, to the Treasurer, for the use of the Company. Voted : That if any member w^ho is or shall for the future be de- linquent in paying his or her taxes, which was or may be here- after assessed by the Company for the necessary uses and repairs of the Library and building, shall omit and neglect after six months' notice given to pay the sums by them in arrears to the Treasurer for the time being, shall forfeit his or her right and property in said Library to the Company, and shall be excluded ipso facto from all his interest therein ; saving the right of such persons who may be absent or under age. 50 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. Voted : That each member of this Society be taxed eight pounds, including the annual tax of 20s., old tenor, for making the fence and the necessary repairs of the Library; and that Mr. Solomon Town- send collect the same as soon as may be. Voted : That Mr. Gardiner Thurston'^^ be an Honorary Member. September 24, 1 760. Annual meeting. Mr. David Chesebrough chosen Moderator. No change was made in the officers of the Library. Captain Matthew Cozzens was admitted a member of the Society on paying one hundred pounds, old tenor. Voted : That the law respecting delinquents be notified to them as soon as conveniently can be, by Mr. Charles Bardin and Robert Stevens, who are appointed to receive the same. Voted : That Mr. John Malbone, at the request of Col. Godfrey Malbone, Jr., be admitted a member of this Society in the room of their brother, Mr. Thomas Malbone,*^ deceased. The following persons paid each 20^. for the year 1760: David Chesebrough, Edward Scott, Robert Stevens, Philip Wanton, John Tillinghast, Stephen Ayrault, Thomas Rodman, Naph. Hart, John ColHns, Joseph Jacob, Gideon Wanton, Josias Lyndon, Solomon Townsend, Henry Collins, Ebenezer Flagg, Charles Bardin, Jah. Brenton, Godfrey and John Malbone r=y 19, paid by Capt. Bardin to John Tillinghast. September 30, 1761. John Tillinghast chosen Moderator. ^ Rev. Gardiner Thurston was one of the most earnest and laborious of the ministers of his day. He was born in Newport in 1 721, was licensed to preach in 1748, and was ordained pastor of the Second Baptist Church in Newport, in April, 1759, as the successor of Rev. Nicholas Eyres, who died in February of that year, and whose assistant he had been. He died August 23, 1803, greatly beloved. *^ Thomas Malbone, son of Godfrey Malbone, was born May 7, 1733 ; died in 1754. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 51 Chosen Directors. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., Mr. Henry Collins, John Tillinghast, Esq., James Honyman, Esq., Edward Scott, Esq., Mr. Joseph Jacob, Dr. Thomas Moffatt, Mr. David Chesebrough. Secretary, — Mr. Thomas Vernon. Treasurer. — Mr. John Bours. Librarian. — Revd. Mr. Ezra Stiles. Voted : That Mr. Charles Cozzens be admitted a member in the room of Mr. Joseph Wilson, who has removed out of the colony. Voted : That Capt. Charles Bardin and Mr. John Tweedy*^ be a committee to settle the late Treasurer's accounts, and to request of him to deliver any papers he might have in his possession respect- ing the Company. Voted : That Thomas Teacle Taylor be admitted a member of this Society by paying one hundred pounds, old tenor, for the benefit of the Company, to the Treasurer. Voted : That Revd. Mr. Marmaduke Browne*^ be admitted an honorary member so long as he may continue in town. *^ John Tweedy, in connection with his brother William, was a large importer of drugs, and had his branch office in New York, where dealers in that section of the colonies obtained from the firm their supplies. He died in 1782. *^ Revd. Marmaduke Browne, of Ireland, was sent to America as a missionary by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. He was the successor of Revd. Thomas Ppllen as minister of Trinity Church, and was at the head of the Parish at the time of his death, 1 771. In the church there is a handsome monument by the side of the chancel, erected to his memory by his son, Arthur Browne, Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. — ''Annals of Trinity Church." In his "Miscellany," Arthur Browne thus spoke of the Redwood Library : '' The Library at Newport, though built of wood, was a struct- ure of uncommon beauty. I remember it with admiration, and I could once appeal to the known taste of an old schoolfellow — Stuart, the painter — who had the same feeling towards it. It was racked of its books by the British army, as was the College at Princeton, in the Jerseys." 52 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Mr. Charles Bardin and Mr. Robert Stevens were to be continued, to collect the arrears due to the Company and to pay the same to the Treasurer. September 29, 1762. Annual meeting. Mr. David Chesebrough chosen Moderator. The officers of the Company were re-elected. Capt. Thomas Teacle Taylor has paid the present Treasurer one hundred pounds, old tenor, upon which he was admitted a member. Mr. Robert Stevens and Mr. Collins Flagg were to collect the tax for the ensuing year, and it was Voted : That a tax of three pounds, old tenor, be levied on the Company to pay the arrearages. September 28, 1763. At the annual meeting, Mr. John Gardiner, Moderator, no business was transacted other than re-electing the men who were then in office. September 26, 1764. Samuel Ward,** Esq., was chosen Moderator at the annual meeting. No change was made other than the election of Mr. Henry Mar- chant,*^ Librarian, in place of Revd. Ezra Stiles. Mr. Edward Thurston, Junr., is admitted a member in the room of Mr. James Hadwin, whose right he has purchased. ^* For an interesting article on Samuel Ward, see a paper in Sparks's ''American Biography," by the late -Prof. Gammell. ^ H. March ANT, who was born at Martha's Vineyard in 1741, and died in Newport in 1796, became eminent at the bar. In 1770 he was elected Attorney-General of the Colony, which office he held until 1777, when he was sent a delegate to the Continental Congress. In the in- terval he had been sent to England to adjust claims against the British Government. While the British were in possession of the island of Rhode Island he resided at Narragansett, but returned to Newport in 1784, was a member of the Legislature from that' town and a member of the Convention that adopted the Federal Constitution. At the time of his death he held the office of District Judge. He was the President of the Redwood Library from 1791 to 1796. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 53 Mr. Abraham Redwood, Junr./'' is voted a member of this So- ciety. * Mr. Christopher Hargill is admitted a member upon his first paying to the Treasurer one hundred pounds, old tenor. Voted: That Mr. Robert Stevens and Mr. Edward Thurston, Junr., collect the tax for the ensuing year, and pay the same to the Treasurer. Voted : That a tax be levied on the Society of four pounds, old tenor, for purchasing twelve chairs for the use of the Library,*^ and a covering for the table and writing-desk. *^ Abraham Redwood, Junr., was the eldest son of Abraham Redwood, the founder of the Library. Born January 8, 1728, and died in 1788. He married Susannah Honyman, daughter of James Honyman, and grand- daughter of Rev. James Honyman, by whom he had three children, Langford William, Abigail and Martha, who married Baron Jean Conrad Hottinguer. Their descendant. Baron Hottinguer, in 1837, then a banker in Paris, gave the Company one thousand francs towards the restoration of the Library building, then greatly in want of repairs. *' There are a few chairs in the Directors' room that were probably a part of the set purchased at that time. 54 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, CHAPTER III. 1765— 1777. EPTEMBER 25, 1765. Annual meeting. John Tillinghast, Esq., Moderator, Chosen Directors. — Abraham Redwood, Esq., John Tillinghast, Esq., James Hony- man, Esq., Edward Scott, Esq., Joseph Jacob, Mr. David Chesebrough, Josias Lyndon, Esq., Jonas Langford Redwood, Esq. Secretary. — Thomas Vernon. Librarian. — Mr. Henry Marchant. Treasurer. — Mr. John Bours. Mr. Robert Stevens and Mr. Edward Thurston, Junr., were to collect the tax and pay it over to the Treasurer. Voted : That Mr. Samuel Hall,"^ printe*-, be admitted a member of this Company for his late services to the amount of upwards of one hundred pounds, old tenor. ^^ James Franklin, brother of Dr. Benjamin Franklin, printer of the Newport J/^ra/ry, died in 1762. Ann Franklin, his mother, known as the widow Franklin, took up the business. The next year Samuel Hall, who came from Medford, Mass., married the ''widow Franklin." Hall was then twenty-three years of age. The business \^as carried on under t'he firm name of Franklin & Hall. Mrs. Hall died the same year, aged sixty-eight. Hall continued to publish the Mercury until 1768, when he sold out to Solomon Southwick, went to Salem, and started the Salem Gazette. He was a man of ability, and during his stay in Newport raised the Mercury to a higher plane than it had reached before. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 55 Mr. Charles Bardin and Mr. William Vernon were to audit the Treasurer's account for the past year. September 24, 1766. Mr. Edward Thurston, Junr., was elected Librarian, Voted : That the [obliterated] of books to all persons saving to members, be at the following rate, viz. : For folios, 6 coppers per week. Quartos, 5 coppers per week. Octavos, 4 coppers per week. And of a smaller size, 4 coppers per week. Voted : That any person before he be admitted a member of this Company, pay to the Treasurer the sum of twenty dollars. Voted : That the Society be .taxed five pounds each, includ- ing the annual tax, for defraying the charges of painting the house. March 30, 1767. Thomas Wickham, Junr., was chosen Libra- rian. Mr. Thomas Rumreil was admitted a member in the room of Joseph Rodman, whose right he hard purchased. September, 1768. Josias Lyndon chosen Moderator. No change made in the officers, other than the election of Rev. Ezra Stiles, Librarian and Mr. Wm. Redwood a Director. Voted : That the Treasurer be the person to collect the arrearage due to the Company, and if any person refuses to pay immediately, to put their several accounts in suit. Rev. Mr. George Bissett*^ is admitted an Honorary Member so long as he continues in town. ^ Rev. George Bisset was called to Trinity Church, as schoolmaster and assistant minister. On the death of Rev. Marmaduke Browne, 1771, he was elected minister, to fill the vacancy. He married the daughter of James Honyman, Esq., and remained in charge of the church until the evacuation of Newport by the British, when he went with them. He 56 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, September 27, 1769. No business was transacted at the annual meeting. September 26, 1770. Voted: That Mr. Ezra Stiles write to Mr. Francis Maseres,°° and return him the thanks of the Company for his present of two books to the Society. Voted : That Rev. Mr. Samuel Hopkins^^ be admitted an Honorary Member so long as he shall continue a residence in this town. Voted : That the Librarian improve the lot the Library stands on, for the year ensuing, gratis. Voted : That Mr. David Chesebrough, the Secretary and Treas- urer, wait upon Mr. Abraham Redwood and request of him that he will sit for his picture as soon as may be, and that the expense thereof will be defrayed by the Company. September 25, 1771. No change was made in the officers. Voted : That the Treasurer procure a table at the expense of the Society, to be placed in one of the wings. ♦ Voted : That the Rev. Albertus * Ludolphus Russmeyer^* and became interested in the Redwood Library, was elected Librarian when Rev. Dr. Stiles retired from that office, and continued his connection wath the Company until he left the place. For a full account of Rev. Mr. Bisset, see '' Annals of Trinity Church." ^ The books given by Francis Maseres were : "A Dessertation on the Use of the Negative Sign in Algebra." 4to. London, 1758; and '* Ele- ments of Plane Trigonometry." London, 1760. ^^ It was at this time that Rev. Dr. Hopkins was settled over the Con- gregational Church in Newport. He came from Barrington, Mass. He continu'ed to preach in Newport, except when interrupted by the Revolu- tion, until impaired health forced him to give up his charge. He died December 20, 1803. ^^ Rev. Mr. Russmeyer was the fourth pastor of the Moravian Society in Newport, and held the office from 1766 to 1783. The Society was constituted in 1758, although services had been held here as early as 1749, as opportunity offered. Lacking accessions the services were dis- continued, and later the meeting-house was sold. On the site Trinity Church built Kay Chapel. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 57 Mr. Erasmus Kelly"^^ be admitted Honorary Members of this Society. [The appHcation to Mr. Redwood, to sit for his portrait, not having met with a favorable response, a further effort was made to secure that desirable end. The Quaker prejudice against por- traiture had probably stood in the way.] Voted : That David Chesebrough, Thomas Vernon and John Bours, Esq., be and they are hereby appointed a committee to wait upon Abraham Redwood, Esq., and request that he will permit his picture at full length to be taken as soon as may be, and that the expense thereof be defrayed by the Society. September 30, 1772. Voted: That the Rev. William Willard^* Wheeler and the Rev. Henry [obliterated, probably Dawson] be and they are hereby admitted Honorary Members of the Society. Voted : that a tin case^^ be provided by the Secretary, to contain the Charter and deeds belonging to the Society. March 29, 1773. Voted: That the Rev. Ezra Stiles, D.D., and Edward Thurston, Junr., be paid out of the Treasury of this Com- pany one pound four shillings, lawful money, each, for their ser- vices in taking an account of the books belonging to the Library .^^ Voted : That Mr. William Coggeshall be admitted a member of ^ Rev. Erasmus Kelley was called to the First Baptist Church in New- port in 1771, and remained with the Society till 1778, when he went to Warren. The war over, in 1784 he returned to Newport, and labored to gather again the scattered members of his flock, but died in a few months. ^* Rev. Mr. Wheeler was elected schoolmaster and assistant minister of Trinity Church on the Kay foundation, in May, 1772 ; a connection that only lasted four years. ^^ The case and its contents were probably lost during the Revo- lution. ^ No record was made of the number of volumes in the Library at that time. 5 58 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, this Company in the room of Mr. David Melvill, he having pro- duced a conveyance of the said right. Whereas, The Committee that waited upon Abraham Redwood, Esq., reported that he would permit his picture^^ to be taken, agree- able to the vote of this Company, the last Wednesday in September, 1771 ; it is therefore voted and resolved that David Chesebrough, Thomas Vernon and John Bours, Esq., be a Committee to agree with a portrait painter to execute the same, and that they procure an elegant frame for the piece, and draw money out of the Treasury of this Society, to defray the charge thereof September,' 1774. No change was made in the officers of the Company. Voted : That the Librarian prohibit persons from assembling in the Library lot for the purpose of learning the military exercise within the same, as it is an injury to the estate. Voted : That Nathaniel Mumford be admitted a member of this Company, on the right of Stephen Wanton, he having produced a conveyance of the same. Voted : That Haddock Marcy be admitted a member of this Company, he having a conveyance of the right from Solomon Townsend. Voted : That Jacob Richardson be admitted a member of this " At the time the vote was passed the public mind was greatly dis- turbed by the impending danger of war with the mother country. No further reference was made to the subject. That Mr. Redwood did sit for his portrait, to oblige his associates, there is evidence ; but before it could be completed hostilities had probably begun, and the picture when finislied remained in the hands of Mr. Red- wood, to whose heirs it passed, and is now owned by his direct de- scendants. It is a fine picture, a half length, seated. The frontispiece of this volume is taken from it. In the Library there is a copy of the portrait, painted by the late Charles B. King, and presented to thti Library. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 59 Company on the right of John Channing, he having produced a conveyance of said right. Voted : That no books be deHvered out upon any of the above rights until the whole of the taxes respectively due upon them be paid. September 27, 1775. There being but few members present at the annual meeting ; Voted : That business of this meeting be adjourned until Monday, the ninth day of October next. At the meeting in October, the officers who had held over were re-elected. Voted : That John Mawdsley be admitted a member of this Com- pany, upon the right late belonging to Thomas Rumreil, he having produced a conveyance of said right. Voted: That William Hunter ^^ be admitted a member of this Company, on the right of Martin Howard, Jr., he having produced a conveyance of the same. Voted : That Solomon Southwick ^' be admitted a member of this Company, on the right late belonging to the Hon. John Gardiner, he having produced a conveyance of said right. Voted : That Stephen DeBlois be admitted a member of this Society, upon the right late belonging to Joseph Sylvester, he having produced a conveyance of said right from John Dockray, who had previously purchased said right of Joseph Sylvester. Voted : That no books be delivered out upon any of the above *^ Dr. William Hunter came to America in 1752, and settled in New- port, where he soon acquired a high reputation as a physician and surgeon. He was Scotch by birth and highly educated. See '* Annals of Trinity Church." ^ For a notice of Solomon Southwick, see "Reminiscences of New- port," p. 84. 6o ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, rights until the whole of the taxes respectively due upon them be paid. September 26, 1776. Annual'meeting. Were Chosen Directors. — Abraham Redwood, James Honyman, Joseph Jacob, David Chesebrough, Hon. Josias Lyndon, Jonas Langford Redwood, Stephen Ayrault, Esq. Secretary — Edward Thurston. Librarian. — Ezra Stiles, D.D. Treasurer. — John Bours, Esq. Voted : That when Dr. Stiles^ may be absent from the town, the ^ Revd. Ezra Stiles was the Librarian from 1756 to 1764, and at intervals till 1776. In 1754 he travelled for his health, taking Deerfield, Newport, and Boston in his circuit. In 1755 he was made an honorary member of the Library, and preached during his stay here. The follow- ing year he was called to the Second Congregational Church in New- port. The call embarrassed him, he not knowing what reply to make to it, having determined to confine his attention to the law. In 1753 he had taken the attorney's oath. Repeatedly urged to comply with the wisnes of the Society, he finally yielded, and wrote in his diary : " At length, partly my friends, especially my father's inclination, partly an agreeable town and the Redwood Library, partly the voice of Provi- dence in the unanimity of the people; my love of preaching, and pros- pects of more leisure for pursuing study than I could expect in the law — which, however, I love to this day — induced me to yield, and I gave an affirmative answer to the Church and Society." The following sketch of Dr. Stiles's connection with the Library is from the pen of the late Dr. David King, and should be inserted here: '* In 1755, the Revd. Ezra Stiles was admitted an honorary member of the Society. His distinction as a scholar and theologian, connected with his exertions in behalf of the Library, justifies some allusion to his char- acter in an historical sketch of the institution. The Redwood Library, at the time of his settlement in Newport, contained about one thousand five hundred volumes of standard books. The classical and theological departments were the most valuable, and constituted the principal attrac- tion which determined Dr. Stiles to fix his residence in Newport. He remained in Newport twenty years; and during the greg^ter portion of ^y. ///// /// '//' NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 6i keys of the Library be kept by Stephen Ayrault, Esq., who is authorized to appoint a proper person or persons, to act as Libra- rian, from time to time during such absence. that time, officiated as Librarian of the Company. Having constant access to this vahiable collection of books, he drew from it, by assiduous study, his great and various learning. He held an extensive correspond- ence with European scholars ; and the principal object of that correspond- ence was to illustrate and perfect those researches and investigations in philosophy, history, antiquities and physical science, to which his mind had been prompted by the perusal of books which he found on our shelves. His zeal for the diffusion of knowledge led him to solicit for the Library valuable works from European authors. Many of these works, obtained through his instrumentality, are still preserved in the Library. The copy of Montanus's ' Hebrew Bible and Dictionary,' now belonging to the Library, enabled him to perfect his knowledge of the Hebrew language ; and a folio copy of* Homer' still bears the marks of his profound study, in the form of Greek annotations, in his own handwriting. He was one of th.e most eloquent advocates of liberty in the colonies, before the Revolution. The late Dr. Channing says of him: 'To the influence of iliis distin- guished man, in the circle in which I was brought up, I may owe, in part, the indignation I feel toward every invasion of human rights. In my earliest years, I regarded no human being with equal reverence.' His rare learning, eloquence and goodness, uniformly supported by tradition, have received, of late, the attestation of great names. The eloquent eulogy pronounced upon this gifted and extraordinary man by Chancel- lor Kent, will preserve for many generations the memory of his attain- ments, genius and virtue." Dr. Stiles's efforts to increase the number of readable books in Newport was not confined to the Redwood Library. There is a library of about five hundred volumes belonging to the United Congregational Church ; among them a perfect copy of Eliot's " Indian Bible," and early editions of New England ecclesiastical publications. How this library was gath- ered is thus told by Dr. Stiles, on the fly leaf of one of the volumes : *'A Memoir. *'We may form some idea of the abilities of the seventy or eighty worthy ministers who first settled New England from the libraries they brought with them from England. They were educated in the Universi- 62 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted : That William Tillinghast be admitted a member of .this Society, on the right late belonging to John Tillinghast, Esq., said William having produced a paragraph of the last will and testament of said John Tillinghast, by which the aforesaid right is granted to him. ties of Oxford and Cambridge, and the most eminent were of Emanuel College. "Their theological learning consisted in being well studied in the Fathers of the three first centuries, the writings of the Reformers, and the Councils — these for ecclesiastical polity; for doctrines they read Augustin's works and the '' Systems of the German Divines;" '' Calvin's Institute," and the " Vindicias Gratias " of Dr. Twisse, an English divine cotem- porary with them, were in great esteem ; but above all the Bible was their fountain " The ministers generally understood Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, and read the sacred books freely in the original. The tradition is that Mr. [Rev. John] Eliot brought out of England twenty-three barrels of books. "One of his sons settled in the ministry at Guilford in Connecticut, and became the father of the celebrated Rev. Jared Eliot of Killingworth in Connecticut, with whom I was intimately acquainted His library consisted chiefly of old books, perhaps 4000 volumes, being a branch of the library of Mr. Eliot of Roxbury, In 1764 I selected about twenty volumes, which the heirs generously presented me, which gives a specimen of another of these ancient libraries ; out of which I selected twelve volumes, which I hereby give to the Ecclesiastical Library in New- port, Rhode Island, founded by Rev, Samuel West of Dartmouth and myself, A.D. 1743 We design to form a collection of the Fathers of the three first centuries, the Fathers of the Reformation, and the Fathers of New England churches, besides other writings. Newport, Oct. 30, 1766, this year of the repeal of the Stamp Act, the two hundredth year of Puritanism, and one hundred and forty-sixth year from the first settlement of Plymouth, one hundred and thirty-five years since Mr. Eliot brought these books out of England, which was the year after the build- ing of Boston in New England.* " Ezra Stiles, cetat 39." * Newport Illustrated. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 63 September 24, 1777. Annual meeting. Were Chosen Directors. — Hon. Abraham Redwood, James Hony- man, Joseph Jacob, Edward Thurston, Stephen Ayrault, William Redwood, Jr., Thomas Vernon, Thomas Wickham, Esq. Secretary. — Edward Thurston. Librarian. — William Tillinghast. Treasurer. — Stephen Ayrault. Voted : That Thomas Vernon, Edward Thurston and the Libra- rian, be a committee to take an inventory of the books in the Library, and lay it before the Directors as soon as may be. September 30, 1778. Annual meeting. No business was transacted other than the election of officers. Directors. — Hon. Abraham Redwood, Edward Thurston, Stephen Ayrault, William Redwood, Jr., Thomas Vernon, Thomas Wick- ham, John Mawdsley, John Malbone, Esq. Secretary. — Edward Thurston. Librarian.— ^^v . George Bisset. 64 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, CHAPTER IV. 1778-1810. T this point there is a break, and for a num- ber of years the Library was left in the most unsatisfactory condition. The foregoing careful transcript of the records from the organization of the Li- brary Company down to the war of the Revolution, gives but an outline of its doings. The minutes are confined to what transpired at the annual meetings, and one cannot but believe there was another, book, in which were recorded the actions of the Directors, their instructions to the Librarians, the funds at the disposal of the purchasing com- mittee, and the steps taken to promote the growth and prosperity of the Library — that those who were interested in it, and were will- ing to be taxed for its support, would not permit its affairs to be so loosely conducted. It was not the way that men like Dr. Stiles, Dr. Moffatt, the Wards, Vernons, Channings and Ayraults managed their own affairs ; and we cannot believe they would neglect to acknowledge gifts of books to the Library, favors that we know were received from time to time; and yet, from 1750 to 1778, but one such entry is made on the records — that of the works of Francis Maseres, presented by the author, in 1770. Not a word is said of Mrs. Macaulay's gift of her " History of England," in six volumes, although she was at the pains to say that the volumes were " sent to the Library as a testimony of her regard to the people of the Free Colony of Rhode Island " ; or of similar gifts. They were NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 65 probably noted in some book that has escaped us —lost in that scene of confusion, when the British and the Hessians swept over the island, leaving burning houses and desecrated churches in their track. Wherever they trod the woods were levelled with the ground, until hardly a tree was left standing. Hundreds of houses were razed for firewood, farms were broken up, and earthworks frowned on every hill-side. The loss that Newport suffered was estimated by a committee of the General Assembly, in June, 1782, at nearly ;^ 125,000. To-day it can hardly be understood to what an extent the people were impoverished. In that struggle to make both ends meet but little thought could be given to the Library ; but there were those who did their best to protect it. The troops went there to get books to beguile the time during the long winter even- ings, careless whether they returned them or not ; and if Lord Percy, with a respect for learning that should have our warmest gratitude, had not stayed the spoiler by his peremptory order to refrain from meddling with the Library, it would have, in all prob- ability, been nearly or quite destroyed. From that time up to the departure of the troops, there does not appear to have been any cause for complaint. Who drew Lord Percy's attention to the sacrilege that was going on ? In the absence of anything to the contrary, may we not believe that it was the Rev. George Bisset, the minister of the Church of England ? He was the Librarian, the successor of Rev. Dr. Stiles, a strong adherent to the Crown, who remained at his post, when the larger part of the people had left the island, and con- tinued the services of the Church. To a man in his position Lord Percy would doubtless listen ; and when his hand was raised the plague was stayed. But what losses the Library sustained can never be known ; that so many of its ancient volumes have been preserved to us we have reason to be thankful. In 1750 the Library had commenced with 1334 volumes. From 1750 to 1764 182 66 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, volumes had been added by gifts from different persons, making 15 i6, with no mention of the books that were purchased during those years. In 1816 the whole number of volumes was 1502; less by 14 volumes than the Library contained fifty -two years before — conclusive evidence of a considerable loss during the war. The peace of 1783 found the finances of the State in a deplorable condition. The people, heavily in debt, were without resources, and the State debt could only be lifted by increased taxation. The State was divided into two parties — the commercial and mercantile, and the agricultural. The merchants and traders, who represented one party, resided in the seaports ; the farmers, who made up the other party, scattered over the State, were numerically the strongest. Between the two there was a feud. The farmers owed the traders, and not being able to pay, they sought relief in the issue of paper money — a step that the hard-money party knew, if persisted in, would be suicidal. Every effort was made by the debtors to get temporary relief, and they paid no heed to those who admonished them that, if successful, the fraudulent debtor would discharge himself of his liabilities under the sanction of law, without giving a proper consideration ; that the mercantile property of the State would float in other channels, and mechanics and seamen would be without employ. Even then, with all this depression, an effort was made to keep alive the old interest in the Library, following the first organization of the new city government. At a meeting of as many proprietors as could be brought together ; . October 14, 1785, the following officers were elected: Directors, — Hon. Abraham Redwood, Stephen Ayrault, William Vernon, John Malbone, Jonathan Easton, Nicholas P. Tillinghast, Jacob Richardson, and Robert Stevens. Secretary. — William Channing. Librarian. — Christopher Ellery. NEWPORT. RHODE ISLAND. 67 Treasurer. — Stephen Ayrault. [The same officers were again elected, in 1786, and were also elected in 1787, with Henry Marchant in the place of Jacob Rich- ardson, as one of the Directors ; but nothing more was done. There was no further movements of the kind for several years. (In the meantime, March, 1788, Mr. Redwood died.*^*") The paper-money ^* The earliest record that we have of the Redwood family is that of Abraham Redwood, of Bristol, England, born in 1665. He commanded a ship in the trade between London and Jamaica, on which island he mar- ried Mehetable Langford, daughter of Jonas Langford, through whom he came into the possession of a valuable sugar plantation, known as Cassada Garden ; which placed him in such easy circumstances that he gave up the sea and resided at Antigua. There he remained until 171 2, when he came to America, and settled at Salem, where he is said to have resided seventeen years. His wife died in 17 15, leaving him with ten children. August 14, 1 7 16, he married a widow, Patience Phillips, of Rhode Island, and daughter of Joseph Howland, of Duxbury, Mass. She bore him four children, and died at Newport, December 11, 1745. He died at Salem, January 17, 1729, aged sixty-four years. That he resided in Newport for a season, but at what time, or how long he was on the island we have now no means of knowing. The eldest son, Jonas Langford, was killed by being thrown from his horse, at Newport, October 27, 1724, aged eighteen years. This made Abraham, the second son, heir to the estate in Antigua. Abraham is reputed to have been born in 1709, which tallies with the record of his death, March 13, 1788, in his seventy-ninth year. This is manifestly incorrect. He w^s evidently older. The writer has in his possession an instrument signed by Jacob Mott (a prominent Quaker) and others, set- ting off and conveying certain lots on Easton's Point, in Newport, ''on ye thirtieth day of ye tenth month, called December, in ye year of our Lord 1 715, acknowledged before John Wanton, Assistant." One of the wit- nesses was Abraham Redwood, who subscribed his name in this way. If 68 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, party had triumphed. A paper-money bank was made. Bills to the amount of ;^ 100,000 were to be loaned to the people on a pledge of real estate of double their value, to be paid into the treasury at the expiration of fourteen years. Newport and the the date of his birth is cor- rectly given, he would have been but six years of age when he drew the mono- gram. Possibly the signa- / ture may have been that of 0^ uC>^— -) his father ; but it is hardly probable that a man who had reached his time of life should have indulged in fancy penmanship, when signing a paper of such import. Young Redwood was taken to Philadelphia and placed under teachers who looked carefully after his education — who evidently gave him a good training. His mind well stored, he returned to Newport, and entered into the literary pursuits of those by whom he was surrounded. Before he was twenty years of age he married Martha Coggeshall, a Quaker maiden, for he himself had become a Quaker, and provided for his com- fort and enjoyment a substantial town house, and a country house. Be- tween the two he divided his time. His town house, now a sorry-looking place, is still standing on the west side of Thames Street, opposite Ann Street, and his country house was in Portsmouth, about five miles from Newport. It has been known as ''Redwood" since the time it came into Mr. Redwood's possession, November 2, 1743. It was here that he indulged his taste for horticulture. Dr. Waterhouse, who was personally acquainted with Mr. Redwood, said of his " botanical garden," " it was stored with curious foreign, as well as valuable indigenous plants, in either hot or greenhouses, or in the open air." The following obituary notice of this benevolent man appeared in the Newport Herald of March 13, 1788: ''Last Saturday morning died the Hon. Abraham Redwood, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. He was blessed with an ample fortune and a liberal spirit, which prompted him to encourage useful learning and relieve the distress of mankind. He founded the Library in this town. He subscribed largely to a college to be built in this State, on condition NEWPORT, RHOD^ ISLAND. 69 other leading towns had stoutly opposed the measure. The depre- ciation of the money began at the start, and the General Assembly vainly tried to sustain it by a forcing act. Coercive measures failed, and those who set the law at defiance, if arraigned and brought to the bar, were sure of acquittal. At length the hard- money party prevailed ; the people saw there was no hope if they did not enter the Union, and although every inch of ground was hotly contested, it resulted, on the 29th of May, 1790, in a majority of two in convention in favor of ratification of the Constitution. Rhode Island had come into the Union. But the Library during all this time was in a sad plight. Not a thing had been done to put it upon its old footing. It was not even known what had become of the key, and it was not until the autumn of 1790, that its deplorable condition was brought to the notice of the public. Then the following communication appeared in the Newport Herald, on the 9th of September. In the same issue there also appeared this advertisement : " The key of the Library being missing, supposed to be lent by the former Librarian, the person who has it in his possession is earnestly requested to deliver it to Mr. Stephen Ayrault, one of the Directors." It was at this time that the following communication appeared in the Newport Herald : that it should be established in the county of Newport. He subscribed five hundred pounds sterling towards a uiyversity proposed to be erected in this town; and he offered the same sum to the Society of Friends, of which he was a member, to endow a school in this place for the instruction of Friends' children. His less public acts of generosity will be gratefully remembered by those on whom they were conferred ; and the poor will never forget that Abraham Redwood was their constant friend and bene- tactor." 70 ANNALS OF TJiE REDWOOD LIBRARY, " It is a common and just observation, that wJiat is everybody s business is nobody's business, and it is equally applicable to compa- nies associated or incorporated for some particular purposes, as to the community at large. I was led to this remark, several times of late, as I was pensively walking by the Redwood Library. To suffer that beautiful edifice, which was once an ornament and a credit to the town — admired by all who have any knowledge of architecture for its noble appearance and symmetry of parts — a building, erected, too, for the most beneficial purposes — the advance- ment of learning and knoivledge, to be totally neglected, and mould- ering into ruin for the want of a small sum of money, — perhaps one or two hundred dollars, laid out in repairs upon it, — is such a reproach to the proprietors, such an indignity to literature, that, as one of them, I feel hurt and ashamed — however, I cannot but flatter myself that nothing is wanting but for a few spirited members to take the lead in rousing the attention of the rest, and the work will be done. Let us reflect a moment, what an affront is offered to the worthy and generous donor of the books, and to the gentlemen at whose expense the house was built for their reception; that it should be allowed to rot and fall down, without a single man of the Com- pany stepping forward to prevent it. A small sum judiciously ap- propriated at the present mome?it, may save a much larger outlay the next season ; whereas should it remain neglected only one winter more, the elegant and well-proportioned pillars, which support and adorn the front of the building, will be past repair and tumble to the ground, and never can be replaced without a very great expense. The books, exposed to the weather, through a leaky roof and broken windows, will also grow mouldy, and be soon rendered useless ; I woufd therefore propose, that as the annual meeting appointed by the charter, is near at hand, viz., on Wednesday the 29th day of the present month, all the gentlemen proprietors assemble at the Library, at 10 o'clock A.M., and there choose directors and other officers, agreeably to charter ; and also consult upon proper measures to repair the building, as far as is found to be absolutely necessary for the present, and otherwise endeavor to restore an institution, the most beneficial and praiseworthy, to its former respectability and usefulness. "A Proprietor." AEWFORT, RHODE ISLAND. 71 [The fact that this communication appeared in the same issue with the call from Mr. Ayrault for the key of the Library, leads one to suppose that it was from his pen, for he is known to have been a warm and active friend of the institution. The outgrowth was an effort to reorganize the Library. To this end application was made to the General Assembly, which resulted in the passage of the following act :] An Act for the better regulating and defining the powers of the Company of the Redwood Library, in the town of New- port, passed at the October Session of the General Assembly, 1790. Be it enacted by this General Assembly, and by the authority thereof it is enacted, that the said Stephen Ayrault, William Vernon, Robert Crooke, Christopher Champlin, John Bours, Edward Thurs- ton, Thomas Wickham, John Malbone, George Champlin, Benjamin Ellery, Stephen Deblois, James Cahoone, Solomon Southwick, John Collins, Henry Marchant, George Gibbs, Robert Stevens, Jacob Richardson, John Coggeshall, William Hunter, Caleb Greene, Thomas Howland, Samuel Yates, Jonathan Easton, Jr., Joseph Burrill, Joseph Jacob Robinson, Gideon Wanton, Daniel Mason, Nicholas P. Tillinghast, Abraham Roderiguez Rivera, John Scott, John Banister and Henry Ward, with such other of the proprietors or members of the said Company of the Redwood Library, as shall within three months from the rising of this General Assembly, give in his or their name or names to the Treasurer of said Company, and appear either by himself or proxy duly constituted in writing, at the next meeting of said Company, which shall be held at said Newport, in said library building, on the second Monday of February next, shall be, and they are, hereby constituted and declared to be the only members and proprietors of said Company of the Redwood Library ; and all other rights and claims shall, and they are, hereby declared to be forfeit to and for the use, benefit and behoof of said Company forever. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that said 72 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, corporation or body, three of the Directors being present, shall have power to order such taxes upon the rights respectively as shall or may be necessary, in the judgment of said company, for the proper and decent repairing and keeping in repair said building, and fences around the same, and for such other purposes as the corporation shall think proper; such taxes to be laid equally on each right. That upon the non-payment of such rate or tax for six months after the same shall be ordered by a legal meeting of said company or corporation, or of any rate or tax now due for four months after demand made, the person so refusing or neglecting to pay, shall forfeit his or their right, to and for the use and benefit of said company forever. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that at all meetings to be had or held by said company after the first as before mentioned, no proxies shall be admitted ; and twelve proprietors actually present shall constitute a legal meeting, seven of which shall be a quorum. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all laws, statutes, orders and constitutions, made by any legal meeting of said company, shall be binding on every member, and be in force from time to time, and inviolably observed, according to the tenor and effect of them : Provided, that they be not repugnant to the laws of this State, or the Constitution of the United States of America. And be it further enacted by this General Assembly, and by the authority thereof it is enacted, that for the present, and until a legal meeting shall be had, Stephen Ayrault shall be the Treasurer of said company, and William Channing, Secretary thereof That there shall be five Directors chosen, three of whom shall be a quorum. That William Vernon, John Bours, Nicholas P. Tilling- hast, Robert Stevens, and Jonathan Easton, Jr., shall be the present Directors, under the orders, laws and regulations of said company^ and until others shall be appointed* by the said company in their room and stead ; whose business it shall be to meet quarterly, or oftener, if they see fit, to examine and settle the accounts of the Treasurer, inspect the books, view the building, etc., to examine the doings of the Librarian, and to make such temporary laws and NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 73 orders as they may judge proper, not inconsistent with this act, or the laws that shall be made by said company ; and which laws and orders so made shall be in force until the then next legal meeting of said company, but no longer, unless then confirmed by said meeting. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all deeds or conveyances of rights hereafter to be made, shall be re- corded at length by the Secretary of said company, in a book of records by him to be kept for that purpose ; and who shall, at the first meeting of the said company, record the names of the persons therein declared to be the present members or proprietors, and such as shall then agreeable to this act qualify themselves as such, by appearing as aforesaid by themselves or proxies. And if such deed or conveyance be not so recorded within three months next after the rights accruing, the same shall be forfeit to the said company forever. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that such rights shall not be liable to be attached or levied upon, by any writ or execution, for any debt, duty or demand, of what kind or nature soever ; and that no proprietor shall hold or enjoy, by purchase or otherwise, more than one right at any one time, after six months from the passing of this Act. By an Act of the General Assembly, passed at the May session, 1 79 1, the following extension of time was granted in which to act on the above. Whereas, by an Act of the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, held by adjournment at Providence, on the last Monday of October, 1790, entitled "An Act for the better regulating and defining the powers of the company of the Redwood Library in the town of Newport," it w.as among other things provided, that the proprietors or members of the said Company, in said Act named or mentioned, with such other of the proprietors or members of the said Company of the Redwood Library^ as should within three months from the rising of that Gen- 6 74 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ■ eral Assembly give in his or their names to the Treasurer of said Company, and appear either by himself or proxy, duly constituted in writing, at the next meeting of said Company, which should have been held at Newport, in said Library building, on the second Mon- day of February then next, should be and they were thereby con- stituted and declared to be the only members and proprietors of said Company of the Redwood Library ; and all other claims or rights should and they were declared to be forfeit, to and for the use, benefit and behoof, of said Company forever : But whereas, through the inclemency of the weather, and indisposition of the Secretary, the said Act, or an exemplification thereof, was not pro- cured within the time for such proprietors and members of said Company to comply with the same. Wherefore, be it enacted by the General Assembly, and by the authority thereof it is enacted, that the proprietors or members of the said Company, who were allowed three months from the rising of the General Assembly, at that session, to give in his own or their name to the Treasurer of said Company, shall and they are hereby allowed for that purpose until the twelfth day of July next; and that the first meeting of said Company, to be holden at said New- port, in said Library building, shall and may be held on the second day of August next; anything in said Act before mentioned to the contrary notwithstanding. The passage of the bill was thus noted in the records : At a meeting of the Redwood Library Company, at the Library building in Newport, in the county of Newport and State of Rhode Island, on the second day of August, A. D. 1791, agreeable to an Act of the General Assembly of said State, made and passed at a session thereof begun and held by adjournment at Providence, within and for the State aforesaid, on the last Monday in October, A. D. 1790, entitled An Act for the Better Regulating and Defining the Powers of the Company of the Redwood Library in the town of Newport, and also one other Act of the said General Assembly made and passed at a session thereof began and held at Newport, within and for said State, the first Wednesday in May, A. D. 179L NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 75 entitled An Act in addition to an Act for the Better Regulating and Defining the Powers of the Company of the Redwood Library, in the town of Newport ; present the following members : Stephen Ayrault, John Bours, Edward Thurston, Thomas Wick- ham, John Malbone, Henry Marchant, John Coggeshall, William Hunter, Jonathan Easton, Jr., Joseph Jacob Robinson, Nicholas P. Tillirighast, John Banister, John Scott, Thomas Howland, Jr., Caleb Green and John Eldred. Henry Marchant, Esq., was appointed Moderator of the meeting, and Nicholas P. Tillinghast, Secretary. Voted and resolved : That agreeably to the afore-recited Act, Thomas Wickham be Treasurer of the Library Company, and that William Vernon, John Bours, Nicholas P. Tillinghast, Robert Ste- vens and Jpnathan Easton, Junr., be Directors till the annual meeting. Voted and resolved : Agreeably to the afore-recited Act, the fol- lowing persons are the present known and acknowledged members of the Redwood Library, viz. : Stephen Ayrault, John Collins, Joseph Jacob Robinson, Williani Vernon, Henry Marchant, Gideon Wanton, Robert Crooke, George Gibbs, Daniel Mason, Christ. Champlin, Robert Stevens, Nicholas P. Tillinghast, John Bours, Jacob Richardson, Abraham R. Revira, Edward Thurston, John Coggeshall, John Scott, Thomas Wickham, William Hunter, John Banister, John Malbone, Caleb Green, Henry Ward, Benjamin Ellery, Thomas Howland, Jr., John Eldred, of Jamestown, in right of his father, having paid all arrearages ; Ste- phen De Blois, Samuel Yeates, James Cahoone, Jonathan Easton, Jr., Solomon Southwick, Joseph Burrill. N. B. — George Champlin, who in said Act was considered as having a right, and therein considered as such, came into the meeting. Voted : That to the above members the following gentlemen be 76 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, added as honorary members, viz., the Rev. Dr. Samuel Hopkins, the Rev. Mr. Gardiner Thurston, the Rev. Mr. William Bliss, the Rev. Mr. Frederick Smith, the Rev. Mr. William Smith, the Rev. Mr. William Patten, and the Rev. Mr. Michael Eddy. Voted : That the Rev. Mr. William Smith be and he is hereby appointed Librariaft to the Redwood Library. Voted : That the care and use of the Library yard be annexed to the Librarian for the time being, that he be permitted to put a cow or horse therein, but that no hogs be permitted or suffered to go therein. Voted : That Dr. Jonathan Easton be collector of the present de- linquent rates and taxes, and when received pay them into the treasury, taking the Treasurer's receipt therefor. September, 1791. Annual meeting. Mr. Henry Marchant was chosen moderator. Were chosen Directors. — William Vernon, John Bours, Jona- than Easton, Jr., Henry Marchant, Esq., and Joseph Jacob Rob- inson. Secretary. — Edward Thurston. Librariaft. — Rev. William Smifh. Treasurer. — Thomas Wickham. Gatherer of the Tax. — Jonathan Easton, Jr.. Resolved : That the Librarian do not suffer the keys of the Library to be delivered to any person but a Director. Resolved : That the Directors be empowered to sell ten rights to such persons as they shall conceive to be persons who may honor the Society, and not under the sum of ten dollars. The following persons were admitted members of the Company, viz., Mr. Thomas Potter, in right of his father,- by will, having paid all arrearages ; Elizabeth Miller, by conveyance from Benjamin Hall and William Peckham, executors and trustees of Josias Lyndon, all arrearages being paid ; Benjamin Hadwin, by deed NEWPORT. RHODE ISLAND. 77 from William Crooke, executor to Charles Wickham ; Robert N. Auchmuty, by deed from Gideon Wanton, all arrearages being paid ; John R. Thurston, in right of Peleg Thurston, deceased, arrearages being paid. Voted : That for the future the Library day be on Wednes- day, and that the Library be opened by the Librarian at three o'clock in the afternoon of such days, and kept open until five o'clock. Voted : That in lieu of the annual tax of one shilling and six pence, due this day, no part of which has been collected, the sum of nine shillings be ordered as a tax on each of the present members, payable on or before the last day of November next. Voted : That John Almy having paid the sum of thirty-eight shil- lings and three pence, the arrearage due upon the right of Thomas Coggeshall, deceased, and whose right was forfeited, be admitted a member. Voted : That John Faxson, having purchased the right of John Dennis, of Swansey, and paid the arrearages, eighteen shillings, be admitted a member of thi» Company. Voted : That Henry Collins Fl^gg having paid thirty-eight shil- lings and four pence, arrearage of the right of his brother, William Flagg, which had been forfeited, is admitted a member of this Company. Voted : That John Jepson, deceased, having forfeited his right, and Billings Coggeshall, administrator to Jepson Coggeshall, grandson of said John Jepson, having paid the arrearages of said right, being eighteen shillings, the said Billings Coggeshall is admitted a member. Voted : That Abraham R. Rivera, having paid the arrearages on the right of his father, which was forfeited, being thirteen shillings and six pence, is admitted a member. Voted : The right of George Wanton, deceased, being forfeited, 78 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRAR\, but George Hazard,^^ of Newport, having paid the arrearages thereof, the said George Hazard is admitted a member. Voted : That Dr. Walter C. Gardner having paid upon the right of the late Governor Joseph Wanton, which was forfeited, the arrear- age due, being ten shillings and six pence, the said Dr. Walter C. Gardner is admitted a member. Voted : That Ethan Clark having paid the arrears of the right of the late Governor Samuel Ward, which had become forfeit, the said Ethan Clark is admitted a member. Voted : That the Library house be shingled, and that the Direct- ors see the same done accordingly, September, 1792. Annual meeting. Henry Marchant was chosen Moderator. The following officers were elected : Were chosen Directors. — William Vernon, John Bours, Joseph Easton, Jr., Henry Marchant and Joseph Jacob Robinson. Secretary. — Edward Thurston. Librarian. — William Patten. Treasurer. — Thomas Wickham. Tax-Gatherer. — Jonathan Eastan, Jr. September 25, 1793. The same officers were elected. Voted: That Mr. Stephen Cahoone be admitted a member, in right of his father, James Cahoone. Voted : That a tax of two dollars be assessed upon each right. ^^ George Hazard was the first Mayor of Newport under the charter of 1784. He was born July 13, 1721, and died August 11, 1797. Of him it was said : ^' Almost forty years of his life were spent in the service of his country. Without ambition and without the hope of reward, he accepted the various and important offices of Legislator, Judge and Mayor of Newport, with diffidence, and executed them with ability." NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 79 towards making repairs upon the Library building, and that the Committee make such repairs as they think necessary. September 24, 1794. The same officers were elected. Voted : That Benjamin Hazard^'' having purchased a right of Samuel Yates, administrator of Samuel Yates, deceased, and having paid all arrearages, is admitted a member. Voted : That Mr. William Vernon be appointed to settle the account between Mr. Jacob Richardson and the Redwood Library Company. Voted : That the Collector of Taxes call upon the delinquent in taxes and inform them that unless the money due from them be paid immediately, he must return their names to the Directors, who are thereupon to publish them, and unless the sums due from them respectively are paid, their rights shall become forfeit. Voted : That a tax of twelve shillings on each right be assessed upon each member of the Company. September 30, 1795. Annual meeting. Henry Marchant, Esq., chosen Moderator, and Caleb Green, Secretary. Were cliosen Directors. — William Vernon, John Bours, Dr. Jona- than Easton, Henry Marchant, and Joseph J. Robinson. Librarian. — Rev. William Patten. Treasurer. — Thomas Wickham, Collector of Taxes. — Dr. Jonathan Easton. Nicholas P. Tillinghast is admitted a member of the Company, having paid up the arrearages on the right of Paris Hendricks. Voted : That the Treasurer's account, now exhibited, be approved and allowed and that the balance due to him thereon, being fifteen shillings and one penny, he pay himself out of the first money he may receive from the Collector. ''" His daughters, owners of the right, still enjoy the privileges of the Library. 8o ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted : That agreeably to a vote passed at the last meeting, Sep- tember, 1794, the Collector of Rates call upon the deficient proprie- tors, and that he immediately return to the Directors the names of those who shall not pay their tax upon his application, and that the Directors publish the names of the delinquents in the newspapers, informing them that their rights will be forfeit if their arrearages are not paid up in three months from the date of the advertisement. Voted : That a tax of twelve shillings be assessed on each right, to be collected and paid in within two months. Voted : That the Library building shall be painted, and that William Vernon be a committee to attend to the same and contract for its being done immediately, that the business may be completed this season. [It does not appear that any meeting was called in 1796, and the annual meeting in 1797 did not occur until a month later than the usual time.] October 11, 1797. Mr. John Bours was chosen Moderator, and William Patten,^^ * Secretary pro tern, *^* Revd. William Patten, D.D., born at Halifax, Mass., was the son of Revd. William Patten, and grandson, on his mother's side, of Revd. Eleazer Wheelcock, founder and first President of Dartmouth College. At Dartmouth College he took his degree, and in June, 1783, at the sugges- tion of Revd. Dr, Stiles, he was placed in charge of the church in New- port for a few weeks, he having been licensed by the Eastern Association, in the county of New London, in April of that year. President Stiles having wholly relinquished the charge of the church in Newport, Mr. Patten was selected to fill the pulpit. The installation took place May 29, 1786, on which occasion the consecration prayer was made by Revd. Dr. Hopkins, the charge was given by Revd. Dr. Stiles, and the right hand of fellowship was extended to him by Revd. Dr. Hitchcock, of Provi- dence. Over this church Dr. Patten was settled till 1833, when he gave up his charge and removed to Hartford, where he resided up to the time of his death, March 9, 1839, aged seventy-seven years; having been in the ministry fifty-four years. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. Si Voted : That Mr. William Vernon, Mr. John Bours, Dr. Jonathan Easton, Mr. Robert Stevens, and Mr. William Hunter, be Directors for ye year ensuing. Mr. Thomas Wickham Treasurer, and Wil- liam Patten Librarian. Voted : That Mr. Robert Stevens be a committee to direct and oversee the painting and repairing of the Library building. Voted : That a tax of two dollars be laid on each member or proprietor, for completing the repairs and painting. Voted : That Dr. Jonathan Easton be Collector of Taxes. Voted : That the Directors be authorized to sell five shares at the rate of twenty dollars per share, to assist in completing the building. September, 1798. Mr. John Bours chosen Moderator, and Caleb Green, Secretary. All the officers of the last year were re-chosen. The Treasurer's account was received. Voted: That Mr. Robert Stevens and Dr. Jonathan Easton be appointed to collect the back tax. Voted: That Mr. Thomas Wickham, Robert Stevens, and Caleb Green be a committee to audit Dr. Easton's account. [There came now another break in the records, clearly through a want of funds to carry on the Library. The prospect of a war For many years Revd. Dr. Patten was a Fellow of Brown University, which institution conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. He took an active part with Dr. Hopkins and others in forming the Rhode Island Missionary Society, and was also active in establishing the Conso- ciation of Congregational Churches in Rhode Island. As a preacher he was argumentative and doctrinal. By his congregation, particularly those who had known him through a long series of years, he was highly respected. During his ministry he published '* Christianity the True Theology," against Paine's "Age of Reason," 1792; a *' Memoir of Mrs. Ruth Pat- ten," his mother, and numerous sermons, one of which was on the death of President Stiles, and another on the death of Washington. S2 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, with. France had had a depressing effect on trade and commerce, business was at a stand, and what capital the people had was idle. Under the most favorable circumstances, after a war that had swept away almost everything, it would have been difficult to more than keep alive the Library in a place that had been so reduced in num- bers. The population had fallen off from 9209 in 1774 to 5530 in 1782 ; and in 1800 the people numbered but 6739. But there were those in the community who hungered for books, and who, knowing that the Library could not keep up with even the moderate demands of its patrons, sought to help themselves by the formation of a club, known as the *' Proprietors of Dobson's Ency- clopaedia," and which held its own for a number of years. Thomas Dobson, a printer in Philadelphia, and something of a writer, had brought out a reprint of the Encyclopcedia Britannica, in twenty-one volumes, 4to., 1798- 1803, which was usually spoken of as Dobson s Dictionary. For this work the club subscribed, and having done so they drew up certain rules for their government. The rules are too long and minute to be inserted here, but in substance the Encyclo- pcedia was held in thirty shares, each share being owned by a member who had the right to take out one volume at a time, and should he keep it longer than one month he would be fined. He was not to lend a volume to any one who did not belong to the club, under a penalty of one dollar, and he was held responsible for any damage to a volume while in his possession. The librarian, who kept the keys of the book-case, was not to allow a member to take or exchange a volume, except in his presence ; and annually, on the first Monday in January, there was to be a meeting at the coffee-house (Townsend's) for the election of officers and the trans- action of other business connected with the club. A quire of paper, with a brown paper cover, was stitched together, and in it was en- tered the name of every member who took out a volume, with the NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. ^2> date, and the date of the return ; while on one sheet were entries Hke the following : "April 24, 1804. Mr. Thomas G. Pitman wishes the fourth num- ber to be reserved when returned." " Dr. Case wishes No. 2 to be reserved." This was kept up until 1 81 2, when the following action was had : " We the undersigned, being a majority of the Proprietors of Dobson's Encyclopaedia, do hereby agree that the books be placed in the Redwood Library, subject to the rules and regulations here- tofore agreed to ; and we do hereby appoint the Librarian of said Redwood Library to be our Librarian, and that the annual meeting of the Proprietors, directed by the tenth article, be held in future at the Library room, where the books are deposited. " Newport, September 22, 181 2." Signed by ** John L. Boss, Jr., Chris. Fowler, Audley Clarke, John G. White- horne, Henry Moore, William Moore, Jr., Edward Easton, John Earl, Jr., George Wanton, for W. Wilder's share by transfer, Thomas R. Gardiner, Thomas G. Pitman, Sarah Wood, Solomon Townsend, Jonathan Easton, Benjamin Waite Case, Sarah Tew, Jonathan Bowen, John Sterne, Nicholas Taylor, John Dennis, Henry J. Hudson." With the books was deposited the brown-covered quire of paper, fromwhich these particulars are taken. At the time of the transfer the book-case was in the keeping of John L. Boss, Jr.,®^ who had acted as Librarian from November, 1807. ^ John L. Boss was for a number of years cashier of the Rhode Island Union Bank. He was a Revolutionary patriot and early in the contest took an active part in the war. Peace declared, he entered into busi- ness, and represented the town in the General Assembly. For more than twenty 'years he was the efficient cashier of the Rhode Island Union Bank, and was succeeded in that office by. his son, the late Nicholas G. Boss. 84 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, September 30, 1801. Annual meeting. Mr. John Bours was chosen Moderator.^* . ** William Vernon, the President of the Library, retired. He was the third child of Samuel Vernon, and the grandson of Daniel Vernon. In early life he entered upon a mercantile career^ and became prominent as a merchant. As early as 1 740 his name appears as an importer of European goods; and in 1744 he was associated with his brother Samuel, in a business that extended to leading ports in Europe and the West In- dies, and which was only interrupted by the Revolution. They were also engaged with Godfrey Malbone in fitting out privateers, in which their gains and losses were both large. . He was an original member of the Newport Artillery Company, 1741, and took an active part, in 1745, in fitting out the expedition against Louisburg ; sending one of his own ves- sels to engage in the work. In 1773 the General Assembly appointed him, with Aaron Lopez and George Gibbs, to address a letter to the home Government, touching the interest of Rhode Island in the cod-fishery in and near the Gulf of St. Lawrence, then endangered by a bill before the House of Commons. A still heavier duty was assigned him in 1744, when, with John Collins, Samuel Fowler and Henry Ward, a correspondence was carried on growing out of the shutting up of Boston harbor. This was followed, in 1775, by his appointment, with William Ellery and others, by the General Assembly, to collect particulars of the losses sus- tained by the colony through the acts of the officers of the Crown. A still heavier burden was put upon him by Congress, in May, 1777, when he was appointed, with James Warren and John Diston, of Massachusetts, to organize the Eastern Navy Board, of which body Mr. Vernon was made President. There was not only no compensation provided for this exacting duty, but Mr. Vernon did frequently, and liberally, advance money to meet pressing demands on the Government, at a time when money was rated at from three to five per cent, per month, so stringent was the market. In this way he frequently strengthened the hands of the Government throughout the war, though at times at great personal sac- rifice. But with all his exacting duties Mr. Vernon found time to correspond with Washington, Lafayette, Adams, the Wards and Ellerys ; and he kept alive his interest in books, which made his services valuable to the Library when he was placed at its head. He died December 22, 1806, in his eighty-seventh year. His wife, Judith Harwood, daughter of Philip .NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 85 Librarian. — Rev. William Patten. Secretary. — Caleb Green. Directors. — Messrs. John Bours, Jonathan Easton, Robert Stevens, William Hunter, Samuel Vernon, Jr. Treasurer. — Mr. Thomas Wickham. Dr. Easton was continued as Collector of Taxes, with Mr. John Richards to assist him, and he was to be allowed a reasonable com- pensation for his trouble. Messrs. Wickham, Stevens, and Green were to audit Dr. Easton's accounts. Voted: That the Rev. Mr. Dehon,'' Rev. Caleb Green,'" the Rev. Mr. Brunson,'' the Rev. Mr. Eddy,'' and the Rev. Mr. Bradley'' be admitted honorary members of this corporation. Voted : That a tax of four dollars be assessed on each share, and that the money be collected as soon as possible, in order that the house and fences may be repaired and painted ; and that Messrs. Easton, Stevens, Vernon and Hadwin be a committee to make the necessary repairs, and have the house and fences painted. Harwood, and great-granddaughter of Governors Walter Clarke and John Cranston, died August 29, 1762, aged thirty-eight years. Mr. Vernon was the founder and first President of the Newport Bank, 1803, aided in building Long Wharf and the stone bridge, and was a liberal supporter of other public enterprises. ^ Rev. Theodore Dehon, D.D., was then the rector of Trinity Church, and subsequently became the Bishop of South Carolina. ^ Rev. Caleb Green was ordained pastor of the Fourth Baptist Church, November 27, 1796. ^^ Rev. Abraham Brunson was the schoolmaster on the Kay founda- tion, and assistant minister of Trinity Church. ^ Rev. Michael Eddy was called to the First Baptist Church in New- port in 1787, and occupied the pulpit almost half a century. He died January 3, 1835. It is recorded of him that during his ministry he bap- tized more than five hundred persons. *** Rev. Joseph Bradley was called to the First Baptist Church in May, 1799. After residing here for a period of six years he removed to Con- necticut. 86 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted : That the Rev. Mr. Patten, Messrs. John Bours, William Hunter, and Robert Stevens, be a committee to form a plan for the revival of this Institution. [There appears to have been no other meeting until September 24, 1806, when John Bours was chosen Moderator, and William H. Vernon Secretary^ Voted : That Messrs. Hazard, Vernon, Cahoone, and Hadwin be a committee to collect all books and other property belonging to the Library ; that they cause to be inserted in the Newport Mcixiny an advertisement calculated to induce persons having such prop- erty to restore it, and to call personally upon individuals where necessary. Voted : That the Librarian suffer no books to be taken out of the Library until the next meeting of the Company, and that he dehver the key to no person except to a Director, or to a member of the committee appointed to collect the books. Messrs. John Bours, Jonathan Easton, Robert Stevens, William Hunter and William H. Vernon, were chosen Directors. Voted: That William H. Vernon, Benjamin Hazard, William Crooke, WiUiam Hunter, and Stephen Cahoone be a committee to form a plan for the renewal of this Institution, and they are requested to report their proceedings at the next meeting of the Company. Voted : That the Directors report at the next meeting a list of the members of the Company, and also a list of those who have forfeited their shares, agreeably to the laws of the Corporation. Voted: That the Rev. Mr. Tenny,'° and the Rev. Mr. Ward,^' be admitted Honorary Members. '^^ Rev. Mr. Tenny was installed pastor of the first Gongregational Church, September 12, 1804, and was dismissed in May, 1815. " Rev. John Ward, of Litchfield, Ct., was schoolmaster on the Kay foundation, and assistant minister of Trinity Church. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 87 Voted : That the meeting adjourn to Thursday, the 9th day of October next. The following -appeared in the Newport Mercury of September 27th : "The Redwood Library. ** Persons who have books in their hands belonging to the Library, are desired to restore them immediately to the Librarian (the Rev. William Patten) or to either of the subscribing committee, who are authorized to receive them. " The long neglect of this Institution by the proprietors, may pos- sibly have furnished those who have books in their hands belonging to it, with an excuse for neglecting to return them ; and some may have thought it not incumbent on them to trouble themselves about books in their possession, because they were not originally taken out by themselves. These may be the very best of poor excuses, and the Company must accept them as such for the long detention of their books hitherto ; but they hope those who have so long obligingly had the keeping of their books, will now trust them to the care of the real owners, and will not allow themselves to be satisfied with such reasons for any further detention. A large por- tion of the Library books have, in one way or another, got upon the shelves of individuals in different quarters of the town, and many valuable sets have thus been broken and rendered useless. Before these depredations were committed upon it, it was an insti- tution both valuable and ornamental to the town, and the society at large reaped the benefit of it. Let it again prosper, and that it may begin to prosper, let the books belonging to it be honorably re- stored. " B. Hazard, "W. H.Vernon, " Benj. Hadwin, " Stephen Cahoone, , " Committee!' October 9, 1806. Adjourned meeting. John Bours, Moderator, and William H. Vernon, Secretary, 88 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted : That application be made to the Legislature of this State, for the privilege of raising three thousand dollars, by lottery, for the benefit of this Institution, and that Messrs. Haj^ard, Hunter, and Vernon be a committee to prepare a petition for that purpose, and to have it presented to the General Assembly at their next session. Voted : That thirty new members be admitted on paying twenty- five dollars each for a share in this Society ; and that a copy of the report of the committee of revival be delivered to Messrs. Christ. Fowler and John P. Mann, and that they be requested to receive the subscriptions of those who wish to become members of this Com- pany. October 25, 1806. Adjourned meeting. Voted : That Messrs. John Bours, Robert Stevens, William H. Vernon, William Hunter and Benjamin Hazard be named in the petition to the General Assembly of this State, as Directors of the Lottery for which we have agreed to apply at the next session of the said Assembly. Voted : On a reconsideration of the vote of the last meeting, re- specting the admission of new members, that the price of admission be twenty dollars. November 6, 1806. Adjourned meeting. Voted : That Messrs. William Crooke, Benjamin Hazard, William H. Vernon and Stephen Cahoone, be a committee for the purpose of obtaining new subscribers to this Institution, and that they report at the next meeting of the proprietors. Voted : That Robert Stevens and Stephen Cahoone be a com- mittee to examine the building, and to ascertain what repairs are necessary before painting. The committee appointed to apply to the General Assembly, on the subject of a lottery, report that the privilege of raising three thousand dollars by lottery is accorded to the Company, and that NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 89 Messrs. John Bours, Robert Stevens, William H. Vernon, William Hunter and Benjamin Hazard are appointed directors of it. September 30, .1807. Annual meeting. Mr. John Bours, Moder- ator. Chosen Directors. — John Bours, Jonathan Easton, Robert Stevens, William Hunter and William H. Vernon. * Treasurer. — Mr. Thomas Wickham. Secretary. — Mr. William H. Vernon. The committee appointed for the purpose of obtaining new sub- scribers to the Library, reported that they had made but little progress in the business. September 28, 1808. Annual meeting. No business was trans- acted other than the re-election of officers. At the annual meeting in 1 809 there were not members enough present to take up any business connected with the Library. At a special meeting March 13, 18 10, a heroic effort was made to revive an interest in the Librar}^ Voted : That a subscription be opened for new members at fifteen dollars each, and that not less than fifty, or more than will carry the whole number of members be admitted. Voted : That a catalogue*^"^ of the books now remaining in the Library be made, and that the members of the Institution return all the books belonging to it, which they may have in their possession, and that Messrs. Stephen Cahoone and William H. Vernon "^ be a committee for carrying the^vote into effect. ^'^ A catalogue was made but not printed, probably from want of funds. One was printed in 1816. " William H. Vernon, son of William Vernon, was born March 6, 1759, graduated at^Princeton College when but seventeen years of age, and died in 1833. In February, 1778, he sailed for France, in the Continental frigate, Boston, under the care of John Adams, whose son, John Quincy Adams, was also on board. After narrowly escaping an engagement with a 7 90 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, superior force, and having taken a number of prizes, the Boston arrived at Bordeaux March 31, 1778. Mr. Vernon was in France during the French Revolution. While there he made a collection of pictures, of which some notice will be found in " Reminiscences of Newport." He became an enthusiast on the culture of the mulberry tree and the raising of silk-worms. On his return to America he published an abridgement, in 1828, of the treatise of M. De la Brouss^ on the subject, with notes and illustrations. It is now very rare. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 91 CHAPTER V. 1810-1811 T was at this time that Mr. James Ogilvie, a Scotchman, then travelling in America, came to Newport — a man fond of books, who, while here, took the initial step to awaken a fresh interest in the Libraiy. To this end he gave a number of lectures — " orations " he was pleased to call them — at Masonic Hall ; which were listened to by appreciative audiences. The proceeds of the last lecture, on War, was given to the Library, for the purchase of books. The act was thus noticed by the New- port Mercury, of March 29, 18 10: " Mr. Ogilvie presented to the Redwood Library Company the receipts of his last evening's performance in this town. This act of honorable liberality was very gratefully received by the proprie- tors, who, at a general meeting, unanimously voted that their thanks should be returned for his generous donation, and they admitted him an Honorary Member. In a letter inclosing the sum bestowed, Mr. Ogilvie delicately suggested his wish that it might be applied to the purchase of certain books that he pointed out. The selec- tion does honor to his taste and judgment; and we understand the Company intend scrupulously to comply with his wishes on this subject. " To Mr. Ogilvie's visit to this part of the country, may fairly be attributed the revival of patronage towards an institution which onght to be the peculiar pride of the town. The Library edifice is 92 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, one of the most correctly elegant specimens of architecture in the United States. Though the Library has been the sport of Gothic depredations, the remaining books are highly valued, and form a " most valuable basis for a complete collection. " Mr. Ogilvie, as the apostle of taste and literature, has been as successful as sanguine and disinterested in promoting their progress, and extending their influence. He is entitled to the gratitude of every liberal and scientific mind of the present day, and directed so usefully and prospectively as are his labors, he will be entitled to the gratitude of posterity." These words must have been grateful to Mr. Ogilvie, who was far from averse to such commendation. From Newport he travelled south, repeating his "orations" with considerable eclat. The col- legians in South Carolina, not only gave him a gold medal (which he tells us in his "Philosophical Essays," he wore on all public occasions " suspended around his neck and proudly too ") but also got up an illumination over the chapel door, displaying " the American eagle with the orator's name in his talons." Mr. Ogilvie died at Aberdeen, Scotland, September i8, 1840, aged forty-five years, where he had gone to take the title, and pos- session of the estate of Lord Finlater, to which he had fallen heir. To the Trustees of the Public Library in Newport. Gentlemen : It affords me peculiar pleasure to appropriate the emolument arising from the delivery of an oration on Friday evening, to the uses of your infant institution. In what way the small sum I inclose may be most properly ex- pended, it is for you to determine. You will not, however, I trust, deem me unduly obtrusive, if I take the liberty to suggest the pro- priety of including amongst the additional books you may think proper to procure, the following works : NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 93 On Education. 1. Miss Hamilton's Letters on Education. 2. Miss Edgeworth's Practical Education. 3. Miss Edgeworth's Popular and Fashionable Tales. EtJiics. Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiment. Political Eco7iomy. 1. Smith's Wealth of Nations. 2. Stewart's Political Economy. 3. Lawderdale's On National Wealth. 4. Malthus on Population. 5. Bentham on Usury. History. 1. Russell's Ancient Europe. 2. Travels of Anacharsis. 3. Ferguson's Roman Repubhc. 4. Gibbon's Decline and Fall, etc. 5. Russell's Modern Europe. 6. Hume's History of England. Rhetoric. 1. Cambell's Philosophy of Rhetoric. 2. Allison on Taste. 3. Hume's Dissertation on the Passions. 4. Kame's Elements of Criticism. 5. Burke on the Sublime. MetapJiy sicks. Hartly on Man. Hume's Essays. Stewart's Philosophy of the Human Mind. 94 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Chemistry. Lavoisier's Elements. Murray's Chemistry. Accept the best wishes of your humble servant, James Ogilvie. [Mr. Ogilvie was evidently better acquainted with books than with their market value. The sum realized from the " oration " was ;^88. With it in hand the following selections were made from the above list of authors : Hume's England, 13 vols.,. Murray's Chemistry, 4 vols., Burke's Works, 4 vols., Ferguson's Rome, Edgeworth's Practical Education, Gibbon's Roman Empire, . $19 00 18 00 12 00 9 00 5 00 18 00 On the above there was a discount that reduced the outlay to On the 13th of March, 18 10, a subscription paper was put in cir- culation, with the following result : " We the subscribers agree to become proprietors of the Red- wood Library Company, conformably to the above vot€ [that of that date and which headed the paper] of said Library Company, viz., to be assessed the sum of fifteen dollars for each share we may subscribe, to be paid whenever called for by a vote of the proprie- tors, for completely repairing the building ; the surplus, if any, to be appropriated to the replenishing the Library ; the subscription to be null and void unless the number of fifty shares shall be sub- scribed. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 95 Share Christ. Fowler, Robert Rogers, David King, John Karl, Jr., John Mein, S. T. Northam, P. O. Richmond, James Taylor, Charles Feke, Charles C. Hoskins, Henry Y. Cranston, Robert Robinson, Samuel F. Gardner, Christ. Rhodes, David M. Coggeshall, Charles Gyles, Henry J. Hudson, Josiah C. Shaw, John F. Townsend, Horatio S. Dexter, Samuel Lopes, Saml. Whitehorne, Wm. Littlefield, John Barker, Edmond T. Baring, Saunders Breese, Henry Bull, Stephen Deblois, WiUiam Ellery, Jr., Geo. Mardenborough, Walter Channing, B. Hazard, for C. G, Champlin, John P. Mann, for B. Gardiner, Thomas Bush. Share Enoch Hazard, Levi Tower, H. J. Hudson, for Clark Cook, W. H. Vernon, for Samuel King, Jr., D. King, for Audley Clarke, Wm. M. Allston, John G. Whitehorne, William Ennis, Edward Easton, Robert Lawton, Nichs. Taylor, Henry Moore, John R. Sherman, John Johnson, Simeon Martin, John L. Boss, Jr., John Price, Jr., William Turner, Gilbert Chase, Charles M. Thurston, John B. Gilpin, Wm. G. Burroughs, Daniel W. Barker, Robert Rogers, for G. S. Sil- liman, Benj. Wightman, W. Nichols, Saml. O. Auchmuty, Edward Martin, Richard Fairman, Jacob Dunnell, Geo. W. Martin. [On the margin of the record there is this note, made by Dr. King, October, i860, at the time the last catalogue was made : 96 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, " From the Treasurer's books it appears that Charles C. Hoskins, William Littlefield, John Barker, Saunders Breeze, and Daniel W. Barker, did not become members by paying fifteen dollars per share ; and that Charles Baring, Jr., and Francis Brinley did become members." The subscribers were all admitted as members.] Voted : That tlie members now admitted pay into the hands of the Treasurer fifteen dollars each, agreeably to the terms of their subscription, within one month from this date. Voted: That Mr, Christopher Fowler'* be Treasurer of the Com- pany until the next annual meeting, in September; Mr. Wickham^^ having this day resigned that office. Voted: That Messrs. Hazard and Hunter be a committee for the purpose of writing to Mr. Ogilvie a letter expressing the thanks of this Company for his liberal 'donation of the proceeds of the oration delivered by himself in this town, on' the benefits resulting from public libraries, and assuring him that his desire respecting the books designated shall be fulfilled. . Voted : That Mr. James Ogilvie be admitted an Honorary Mem- '* Christopher Fowler was a member of the committee on the purchase of new books. . He was a merchant of the highest integrity, and in poli- tics just and inclined to moderation. Newport repeatedly sent him to the General Assembly : a Representative and then a Senator. He was twice a Presidential Elector — 1808 and 181 2 — was a member of the Council of War in 1813-14, and one of the committee, in 1824, to frame a con- stitution for the State, which committee made a negative report. He died March 13, 1830, aged sixty-seven years. ^^ In Trinity Church there is a tablet bearing this inscription : "Sacred to the Memory of Thomas and EHzabeth Wickham, who, during a happy union of fifty years, worshipped in this Sanctuary and walked in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord." Mrs. Wickham was the daughter of Governor Joseph Wanton. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 97 ber of this Company, and that Messrs. Hazard and Hunter transmit to him a copy of this vote. Voted : That Messrs. John P. Mann, William Ellery, Jr., Stephen Cahoone and Robert Stevens be a committee to superintend the im- mediate repairs of the building, the construction of a fence about the lot, and the complete painting of the edifice and the enclo- sure. Voted: That Messrs. Stephen Cahoone, William H.Vernon, Ben- jamin Hadwin, Robert Rogers, David King and Levi Tower, be a committee to take a catalogue of the books now in the Library, to ascertain what books are missing, and to take all means in their power to collect such books as speedily as possible, and to report to the next meeting of the Company. Voted : That the Treasurer be authorized to procure printed re- ceipts, to be signed by him, and delivered to each new member, on the payment of the amount of his subscription. Voted : That the Rev. Samuel Towle,^^ the Rev. John Gibson,^^ and the Rev. Mr. Webb,^^ be admitted Honorary Members of this Company. Voted : That Messrs. Channing, Hazard, Vernon, Waring, Hun- ter, Easton, Crooke, Mann, and Boss be a committee to take into consideration the Charter, Laws and Regulations of this Company, and report at the next meeting whether any, and if any, what alter- ations it may be advisable to make therein. September 11, 18 10. Special meeting of the proprietors; Mr. Thomas Wickham, Moderator. Voted : That Messrs. John Mein and Robert Rogers be a com- '"^ Rev. Mr. Towle was the sixth pastor of the Moravians or United Brethren. He was here from 1803 to 18 19. ^' Rev. Mr. Gibson was called to the first Baptist Church, October, 1807, and was dismissed in March, 1815. ''"^ Rev. Mr. Webb was the pastor of the Methodist Church. 98 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, mittee to audit the accounts of the Committee of Repairs, and that the Treasurer pay the balance that may be found due, and that they make their report at the next meeting. Voted : That Dr. King be a Committee for Obtaining Subscribers to this Institution, and that the subscription paper be closed on the last Wednesday of this month. Voted : That the Treasurer be requested to urge the new sub- scribers to pay into the treasury the amount of their subscription. September 26, 1810. Annual meeting; Dr. Jonathan Easton, Moderator. The committee appointed at the meeting, on the 19th of March last, to take into consideration the Laws and Regulations of this Company, and to inquire whether any, and if any, what alterations it is advisable to make therein ; report the following laws for the government of this Institution : which after being severally read and considered, were unanimously adopted, viz. : Article First. The Library and property of the Company shall be held in shares, of which the members shall have certificates, signed by the President. Second. There shall be a meeting of the Company, at the Library room, on the last Wednesday in September, annually, at three o'clock P.M. Third. Special meetings on other days may be called by order of the President, or of the Directors, or upon request made in writing to the President by ten members of the Company. Fourth. At these special meetings, such business only shall be transacted as shall be specified in the order for calling the same, and in the notice given of such meetings to the members. Fifth. Public or personal notice of every meeting of the Company (except adjourned meetings, notices of which shall be put up in the Library room) shall be given by the Secretary, at least five days previous to such meeting. Sixth. Thirty members present in person, or by proxy, shall be NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 99 necessary to constitute a meeting, and none but members em- powered in writing, shall be admitted to act as proxies. Seventh. No transfer of any share shall be valid until approved by the Company, and the deed thereof recorded by the Secretary. Eighth. All taxes and fines due from any member shall attach upon their shares in the Library ; and no transfer of any such shares shall be valid until such taxes and fines shall be paid. Ninth. At every annual meeting, each member shall pay to the Treasurer one dollar, to be appropriated to the purchase of books. TentJi. All taxes necessary for repairs, and other purposes of the Institution, shall be assessed by the Company at their annual meet- ings ; or at special meetings, called agreeably to the third, fourth and fifth articles ; and attended in person or by proxy by a majority of the whole members of the Company. Eleventh. Any member who shall neglect to make the annual payment estabhshed by the ninth article, or who shall neglect after notice in writing from the Treasurer, or from the Secretary, to pay any tax assessed by the Company, or any fine by him incurred, shall be deprived of the use of the Library during such delin- quency. Twelfth. If any member shall so continue to neglect, for the space of one year after such notice, his right and shaoe in the Library shall be forfeited, ipsofacto^ to the Company, provided that three months previous to such forfeiture, further notice thereof shall be given to the delinquent member, by the Treasurer, or the Secre- tary ; and that no share shall be forfeited for any fines or taxes of less amount than five dollars ; provided also, that every member who shall be absent at sea, at the time the forfeiture of his share would accrue, shall be allowed three months, with notice aforesaid, after his return, before such forfeiture shall take place. Election of Officers. Thirteenth. The Company at their annual meetings, shall elect from among the members, a President ; five Directors ; a Commit- tee for the Purchase of Books, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and such other ofificers as they shall think necessary ; vacancies in any of loo ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, which offices may be filled at any special meeting, all which elec- tions shall be by ballot without nomination, each member putting into the ballot-box the name of the person for whom he votes. If no person shall have a majority of the whole votes, the ballot shall be taken again, between the two persons having the highest num- ber on the first trial. In the choice of Directors, each member shall put in a list, containing the names of five persons; and those five, whether on one or on different lists, who shall receive most votes, shall be declared elected. The votes shall be counted by the Treasurer and Secretary, except in their own election ; the votes in which cases shall be counted by the President, or by either of the Directors. Fourteenth . — The President : Shall have a general superintendence of the Library ; shall preside at the meetings of the Company and of the Directors, and of the Committee for the Purchase of' Books, of all whom he may call special meetings at such times as he shall think necessary ; and shall himself be a Director ex officio. Fifteenth. — The Directors Shall meet at the Library room on a stated day once a quarter, and at such other times and places as they shall appoint; of all which meetings, except those by adjournment, every Director not absent from the Island, shall have notice given him by the Secretary ; and any Director, who shall neglect to attend any meeting after notice, shall pay, if a quarterly meeting, one dollar ; if a special or adjourned meeting fifty cents, to the Treasurer, for the use of the Company ; which fines it shall be the duty of the Secretary to report to the Treasurer, by whom they shall be collected. No excuse shall be admitted for any such neglect in a Director, except sickness or absence from the Island. The votes of four Directors, personally present, shall be necessary for the adoption of any measure. It shall be the duty of the Directors, to superintend the Library and property of the Company ; to make necessary repairs, and adopt temporary regulations (not inconsistent with the charter and laws of NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. loi the Company) in cases unprovided for ; such regulations to remain in force only until the next meeting of the Company. They shall select and appoint a Librarian, whom also they may remove ; shall prescribe his duties, and fix the amount of compen- sation to be allowed him'. They shall have power to ascertain all fines due to the Company, but not to remit any fines incurred by a breach of the laws of the Company ; which they shall take care to have strictly enforced. At the annual meeting of the Company, the Directors shall make report of their proceedings during the year past ; and shall recom- mend, for the consideration of the Company, such measures as they may think advisable. Sixteenth. The committee for purchasing books shall be composed of six members, added to the six Directors, and shall be elected in the same manner as the Directors. Their meetings also shall be called and regulated in the mode prescribed for those of the Direc- tors, with the same penalty of fifty cents for non-attendance. The affirmative votes of eight members shall be necessary for the pur- chase of any book. They shall take into consideration, what addi- tions it may be expedient from time to time to make to the Libraiy, and shall procure the best editions of such books as they shall think it advisable to purchase, always having reference to the state of the Company's funds. When any member shall recommend any book or work to the committee, by leaving the title thereof with the Librarian, the same shall be balloted for by the committee at the next meeting. The committee shall report their doings to the Company at their annual meetings. Seventeenth. — The Treasurer. All monies due to the Company in taxes, fines or otherwise, shall be paid to the Treasurer; and by him held subject to the orders of the Company, and of the Directors, and of the committee for pur- chasing books. Upon non-payment, after proper notice of any money so due, the Treasurer shall have power, with the advice of the Directors, to sue for and recover the same, in the name of the Company. I02 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, He shall account annually to the Directors, on some day not more than one month preceding the annual meetings of the Company, and at such other times as they may require. Eighteenth. — The Secretary Shall keep journals of the proceedings of the Company, and of the Directors, and of the committee for the purchase of books, to each of whom he shall act as Secretary ; and of whose respective meet- ings he shall give due notice to the several members. He shall report all fines within his knowledge to the Treasurer; shall record all transfers of shares approved of by the Company ; and, under the orders of the Directors, shall have the care of the charter, laws and deeds, of the Company. Nineteenth. — Use of the Books in the Library. The books contained in the first annexed catalogue, shall always remain in the Library. Whoever shall take one of them out, shall pay as a fiiie one dollar, to the Treasurer, for every breach of this article. Under this restriction, each member may have books from the Library, any single volume at one time, which volume he may keep, if a folio or quarto, one month (except the volumes of the Encyclo- pcedia, which shall be kept only one week each) ; an octavo, a fort- night ; any book of lesser size, or a pamphlet, one week. Of any set of books he may take at a time any two succeeding volumes, the last of which he may keep the whole time allowed for both, if taken separately. The Directors shall have power, nevertheless, to limit or extend the time allowed for keeping any particular book ; or to direct that particular books shall remain in the Library, during such time as they may think fit. Any member may enter his name with the Librarian, on Libra- rian days, for any book then out ; and shall be entitled thereby to receive such book when returned. But no member's name shall be entered at any one time, for more than one book, or two volumes of a set ; nor shall more than one member^s name be entered at the same time for the same book or books ; and such book or books shall be reserved on Library day only, for the person whose name is entered therefor. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 103 Applications for books, shall be made in person or by writing. No person shall receive a book out of the Library but from the Librarian ; to whom he shall give a receipt therefor at the time, and to whom alone at the Library, it shall be returned. If a person shall detain a book over the time allowed, he shall pay as a fine ten cents for every day's detention of such book ; and if it shall not be returned within one month after demand made in writing therefor by the Librarian, the delinquent shall pay double the value of the book, or of the set to which it belongs ; the v^alue shall be estimated by the Directors. If any person shall damage a book belonging to the Library, by turning down leaves ; blotting, tearing, or otherwise defacing the same ; he shall pay therefor such fine, in proportion to the damage, as the Directors shall impose, not exceeding the value of the book or set, which he shall forfeit and pay, in case such book shall be so damaged as to require replacing. The Librarian shall carefully examine all books returned, and any damage done to any of them he shall note at the time, in a book kept by him for that purpose ; in which he shall also keep an account of all books detained, and of all breaches of any of the regulations relating to the use of the Library. The President, Directors, and members of the Committee for the Purchase of Books, and the Secretary, may at all times have free access to the Library, the better to enable them to perform the du- ties of their respective offices; they are not, however, to take out books, otherwise than is permitted to the members generally. No other person whatever shall be allowed, by the Librarian, to have the key to the Library. No person, not authorized to receive books, shall be permitted to frequent the Library, except in company with a member; nor shall any such person be allowed to take down books from the shelves. Twentieth. Under the foregoing regulations, such persons having a temporary residence in the town, as the President and Directors shall authorize, may have the use of the Library ; paying in advance therefor three dollars for the quarter, and depositing with the Libra- rian twenty dollars, which shall be restored on the return of the last book by him taken out ; which deposit, however, may be dis- I04 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, pensed with, in cases where the President, or 'any one of- the Direct- ors, shall in writing to be left with the Librarian, take the responsi- bility upon himself. Books Deposited. Tiveuty-first. Any member, or other person, with permission of the Directors, may deposit books in the Library, to remain there for use, or to be loaned out, as the owner shall direct at the time of deposit ; and all such books shall be preserved with the same care, and under the same regulations, as the books of the Company ; but no responsibility shall be incurred by the Company in consequence of such deposit. Admission of New Members. Twenty-second. The admission of any member into the Company shall require the vote of at least one-third of the whole members of the Company and a majority of those present at the meeting at which he shall be admitted. Every such application shall be decided upon by ballot. Every applicant for admission into the Company, shall have his name entered as such in the books of the Secretary, at least one month previous to the meeting at which he shall be proposed for admission. From and after the last day of May, A. D. i8i i, the price for the admission of new members shall be twenty-five dollars^ which shall be paid to the Treasurer, and applied solely to the purchase of books. Twenty -third. All laws and regulations of the Company hereto- fore enacted, are hereby repealed ; but this repeal is not to operate as a relinquishment of any forfeitures incurred, or taxes due to the Company. After the adoption of the preceding regulations, the Proprietors elected for the year ensuing the following officers : '*'' '** Mr. John Bours having declined to serve longer as President, Dr. Jonathan Easton was elected to the office. When Mr. Bours was chosen to fill the vacancy caused by the retiring NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 105 President. — Dr. Jonathan Easton. Directors. — Messrs. William Hunter, John P. Mann, Walter Chan- ning, Robert Stevens and John Mein. Committee for Purchasing Books. — Messrs. Christopher Fowler, Benjamin Hazard, Dr. David King, John L. Boss, Jr., Dr. Edmund T. Waring ^^ and Dr. William Turner. Treasurer. — Mr. Benjamin Hadwin. Secretary. — Mr. Robert Rogers. September 29, 1 8 10. Resolved: That at the adjourned meeting of the Library Company, to be held on Tuesday, the 2d of October, an exact statement be made of the funds and amount of the repairs ; amount of sums paid on the new subscription ; amount remaining of Mr. Vernon, he was already far advanced in years, and could do but little for the Library, other than to sustain its dignity by an unblemished character. He held the position up to 1809, when he felt constrained to give up all active work. Two years later, 181 1, he sent in his resignation to the corporation of Trinity Church, after having faithfully served the church as vestryman, church warden (and lay reader at times) over a period of forty-six years. He died in July, 1815, in his eighty-first year. That Mr. Bours was a good man, engaged in a respectable calling, we know ; but what qualifications he may have had for the position of presi- dent of a literary institution, is not known to the present generation. ''^ Dr. Edmund T. Waring was born at Charleston, S. C. For more than thirty years he practiced in Newport. He was one of the founders of the Rhode Island Medical Society. He died in Charleston, and in accordance with his wishes his remains were brought to Newport, and placed in the grave with those of his wife. It was said of him by a bro- ther physician (the late Dr. T. C. Dunn) : " With a high sense of honor, and a dignity which commanded the respect of his brethren, a skill as a physician which won the confidence of his patients, and a gentlemanly character which attracted the regard of all his fellow-citizens, he lived in the home of his adoption universally beloved, and died universally lamented." As one of the Book Committee he was one of the most useful members of the Library Company. )o6 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, due ; that the assessment of a tax to be appropriated to the dis- charge of arrearages due on repairs, etc. and the immediate collec- tion of the one dollar from each share, agreeably to the ninth arti- cle of the Rules and Regulations, be recommended to be forthwith voted by the Company. Resolved : That for the ensuing six months the Library be open for the purpose of taking books, once in each week, viz., on Satur- days, from two to five o'clock p.m. Resolved : That the Secretary be empowered to procure a suita- ble book, for entering on record the proceedings of the Directors and Purchasing Committee. October 2, 1 8 lo. Special meeting. Jonathan Easton, Moderator. Voted : That the Treasurer be, and he is hereby directed, to call on the respective Proprietors for the tax of one dollar, agreeable to the ninth article of the Rules and Regulations. Voted : That a tax of one dollar be forthwith assessed on each share, for the purpose of discharging the arrearages due on repairs and other contingent expenses. Voted : That William Hunter, Benjamin Hazard, Edmund T. Waring, David King, William Turner, WiUiam Marchant, and John L. Boss, Jr., be a committee to prepare an address and present the same to the public for the purpose of obtaining donations of books to the Library. Voted : That David King, and the Treasurer and Librarian, be a committee to solicit additional subscribers to the Institution, until 1st of May, 1811. [In compliance with the wishes of the Proprietors, the committee issued this forcible appeal, drawn up by the late Hon. William Hunter, to the pubHc] NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. lO'J CHAPTER VI. 1811 — 1829. HE Directors and Company of the Redwood Library are under the necessity of sohciting public patron- age, in support of that Institution. They feel no degradation, and they offer no apology, in addressing them- selves, for this purpose, to literary and benevolent minds. In awaken- ing and directing the generosity of men of science to the advancement of science, they deprecate the imputation of motives merely selfish. They are but agents in a common cause, for the common benefit. In addition, however, to this sentiment (as just as it is amiable) of the community of scien- tific interests, there are peculiar circumstances connected with the history of this Institution, of persuasive influence, to conciliate the sympathy of the public, and which constitute a well-grounded claim on its liberality and support. It is now upwards of sixty years since the Library was established. Its founders were animated by a truly noble and enlightened public spirit, and it must be confessed that their splendid services in favor of literature, put to shame the reluctant and parsimonious patronage of our own times. The very name of the Library, reminds us of the noble bounty of Abraham Redwood, Esq., who, in the year 1747, bestowed on io8 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, this Institution, five hundred pounds, sterHng, for the purchase of books. From the bounty of another individual, Henry Collins, Esq., we obtained the valuable lot of ground, on which the Library edifice is erected. That edifice, too, attests not only the taste, but the MUNIFICENCE of its founders. In its design and construction, by a strict conformity to the principles of ancient art, and by an unstinted but judicious expenditure, they have ornamented this town with a structure that exemplifies the simplicity and grandeur, the chaste elegance and the magnificent effects of Grecian architecture. Thus auspicious was the origin, and rapidly successful was the progress of this Institution, when in the very height of its prosperity it was overwhelmed by calamity. During our Revolutionary conflict, this town was occupied by different armies, and was torn and wasted by the cruel desolations of war. Our Library edifice was defaced, our books were pillaged, our friends driven from their homes, and the few who ultimately returned, were themselves dispirited by their recent losses, and dis- consolate at their future prospects. After the peace the Library was suffered to go into decay, its interests, in spite of the rallying efforts of a few individuals, were neglected, and the benevolent intentions of its founders were to all a;ppearances irretrievably frus- trated. But to obtain this further addition of modern books, to any great amount, is beyond our means. The regular income from taxes and assessments must necessarily be tardy and inadequate, and if we are confined to this source exclusively, we shall be obliged to postpone, to an indefinite period that, which is most immediately wanted, and waste in petty and detached purchases, the funds that can be economically and most advantageously invested at once. We do therefore invoke in our aid all those who, as scholars and patriots, are convinced of the importance and utility of Hterary in- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 109 stitutions. Where can the opulent better deposit their gifts, than where, enshrined by gratitude, they will endure, as a monument of their magnanimity. In any other act of benevolence, the motive may be as virtuous, and the feeling that prompts it as momentarily delightful, but in none can the beneficent effect be as permanent. It is not confined to the present age, but extends to the latest pos- terity. No fame can be more pure, no praise more deserv^ed, no species of celebrity more honorable, than that which gratitude be- stows on the founders and endowers of literary institutions. Let us then hope that for these rewards there may be many noble emu- lous candidates, and that, not only in the narrow circle of our own state or society, but wherever be?tevolence is esteemed a virtue, or science a blessing. The golden opportunity of inciting the attention, and invoking the beneficence of the opulent, presented by the iate peaceful and prosperous times, was not improved. But it is with pride and pleasure we announce to the patrons of literature, that within the two last years, in spite of the unprosperous state of our commercial concerns, and the consequent depression of the public mind, an attention to the interests of this Institution has been revived and in- spirited. Its Constitution and By-laws are new-modelled and im- proved, new proprietors are admitted on easy and liberal terms, the proper and necessary officers are appointed, who regularly execute their respective duties. The Library edifice has been repaired and renovated, many dispersed volumes have been regained, taxes have been regularly assessed and paid, and valuable modern publications, to a considerable amount, have been procured. So much has been done by ourselves, that we think we can with propriety justify our present call for assistance from others. To render this Institution efficiently useful, and to complete the plan of its founders, a large addition of modern books is required. Our ancient books are of no ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD L/BRARV, uncommon merit and value, and form a solid and peculiarly appro- priate basis for a various and vast collection. For and in behalf of the Directors and Company of the Redwood Library. William Hunter, William Ellery, Jr., Christopher Fowler, William Turner,^ Edmund T. Waring, Committee. [It is refreshing to see how much interest was now shown in the Institution, that for so many years had suffered from neglect. A record was provided for the doings of the Directors, and of the Purchasing and other committees, and new life was instilled into all departments of the Library. Members of committees were held to a strict performance of their duties, and were fined for non-attend- ance, if on the Island, in accordance with the rules they had helped to establish ; and we began to learn what books were selected and how they were obtained — books few in number each year, for the Library was always short of funds ; but the little at the disposal of the committee was laid out understandingly.] ^ Dr. William Turner was born at Newark, N. J., in 1775. ^i^ father and grandfather were both physicians. After being licensed, and having been made a Fellow of the Medical Society of his native State, he removed to East Greenwich, R. I., and became the partner of his uncle, Dr. Peter Turner. Failing health induced him to accept a com- mission as Surgeon in the Navy, in 1799. On his return from a cruise in the frigate General Greene, he established himself in Newport. He was well read, gave to the Library all the time that could be spared from his profession, and ably assisted in the selection and purchase of books; he being on the Boerk Committee. He died suddenly in 1837, then in his sixty-seventh year. NEWPORT. RHODE ISLAND. in October 6, 1810. Meeting of the Directors and the Purchasing Committee. It was voted that Walter Channing and John Mein, of the Directors, and Christopher Fowler of the committee, were not on the Island. William Hunter and Benjamin Hazard were to confer with Rous- maniere & Barber,*'' respecting the purchase of books for the Library, including Hume's History of England and Smollett's Con- tinuation, and report the result to the next meeting of the Directors and Purchasing Committee. The committee were also to write to Dr. Abiel Holmes,^^of Cam- bridge, Mass., and Mr. Daniel E. Updike, of Wickford, relative to books belonging to the Redwood Library Company, which are missing, and concerning which it has been suggested they can give some information. Resolved: That every member of the joint committee of Direc- tors and Purchasing Committee, who is not present within fifteen minutes of the time appointed for theii respective meetings, whether special or adjourned, shall be subject to the fines levied by the rules and regulations. ^^ RousMANiERE & Barber, at that time publishing the Newport Mer- cury, were dealers in books and stationery. They were enterprising men — as enterprising as men could be with so little capital — and that year brought out an edition of Wieland's "Oberon," in two volumes, with a preface and a biographical sketch of the author, by William Hunter, then one of the Directors of the Library. The next year they put to press ''Paley's Works," in five volumes, with a memoir by G. W. Meadley — no small feat for a small country office, fitted with one small platen press, on which the newspaper had also to be worked. ^■^ Dr. Holmes had probably visited the Library, in search of material for his great work, ''American Annals," which Prof. Sparks said was "among the most valuable products of the American press," and Mr. Updike was at the head of the Academy at Wickford. 112 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, October 20, 18 10. Meeting of the Directors and Book, Com- mittee. John Mein was not on the Island. WilHam Hunter and WiUiam Turner not appearing in season, were fined fifty cents each, which they paid to the Secretary. The sub-committee were to purchase forthwith Stewart's [Gilbert Stuart] History of Scotland, and of the Reformation. Benjamin Hazard and the Secretary were to contract with John Stevens for books to the amount of a share and the taxes now due ; and John L. Boss, Jr., was to ascertain thfe best terms on which the EncyclopcBciia^'^ ^ owned by a company of gentlemen, can be obtained for the Library. The Librarian was not to permit any book that needed repairs to be taken out of the Library, and he was to pre- pare a list, and have it ready at the next meeting, of books that should be repaired. October 27, 1 810. At the meeting of the Directors and Book Committee, John P. Mann was fined fifty cents for non-attendance, John L. Boss, Jr., was not on the Island, and Christopher Fowler was excused. John Mein and David King were appointed a com- mittee to examine 'the books that needed repairs and to have the work done on the best terms they could make. Voted : That the committee purchase the following books, with the proceeds of the donation of Mr. James Ogilvie,^^ amounting to eighty-eight dollars ; if not sufficient to procure the whole, to make such selection as they may think proper. ^* The ownership of the "Encyclopaedia," and the manner in which it was transferred to the Library, has already .been referred to. ^' The donation of Mr. Ogilvie, and the manner in which it was ex- pended has already been referred to. The Committee reported that they had purchased all the designated works but " Malthus on Population," Campbell's "Philosophy of Rhetoric," Murray's "Chemistry," "Hart- ley on Man," and "Alison on Taste." These works were subsequently obtained. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 113 The following books were ordered to be purchased : Fox's. [Charles James] History of the Stuarts. Adolphus's [John] History of George III. [History of England from the Accession of George HI.] Murphy's Tacitus. [Arthur Murphy's translation, with notes.] Dupaty's Travels. Melmoth's Pliny. [Letters, translated with occasional remarks, by William Melmoth.] Gillies's [John] Aristotle, Ancient Greece, and History of the World. Edwards's [Bryant] History of the West Indies. Roscoe [William], Lorenzo de Medici, and Leo the Tenth. Bacon's Works. [The edition of 1803.] Middleton [Conyers], Cicero, 1804. [The Library was in pos- session of the editions of 1742, and of his Miscellaneous Works, 1752.] The committee were empowered to subscribe for the Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviezvs. [The meetings of the Directors and the Book Committee were occasionally held at the Library, but usually at the house of the Secretary, or of one of the members ; and interesting no doubt were the discussions over the work they had in hand. The attendance was prompt and regular, as is shown by the small number of fines assessed. Of these no further notice will here be taken.] November 20, 18 10. The sub-committee were authorized to sub- scribe for Walsh's Annual Register and Review. Mr. William Hunter was to subscribe in New York for Dodsley's Annual Register. John Mein, Dr. King and the Librarian were to procure a suitable stove, to be placed in one of the rooms, and provide sufficient fuel for the winter. 114 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, January 2, 181 1. Voted: That the ordained clergy of .the re- spective denominations have permission to take out books from the Library, during their residence in the town as clergymen, subject to the rules and regulations adopted by the Company, and that the Secretary give them respectively due notice thereof. Voted : That the Librarian arrange the books in such order on the shelves, as they think will best facilitate the finding books when called for. January 21, 181 1. Resolved: That the sub-committee direct the Librarian in what manner the respective donations made to the Library shall be entered in the red book procured for registering the same. May 16, 181 1. John P. Mann was instructed to complete the painting and fixing the balls on the posts in front of the Library yard.^* Voted : That Rhoda Mardenbrough be permitted to take out books from the Library on the right of her brother George W. Mardenbrough, until he shall transfer his right "to her, she paying all taxes that are or may fall due. The time for paying taxes was extended to the last day of May, ^ The fence around the grounds was an expensive one, and ornamental, with high gate posts, surmounted by the balls referred to. It was some- thing of a tax to keep it in repair, and in 1858 it gave way to a new fence of the same design. This, in turn, rotted away, and was again re- newed in 1875. A portion of that fence may still be seen on the north front east of the gates. The elaborate iron gates on that side stood originally in front of the Redwood estate, on Thames Street, opposite Ann Street. When they were taken down they were purchased by the late Andrew Robeson, who intended to use them in front of his estate on Bellevue Avenue, but changing his mind, he gave them to the Redwood Library, and they were set up in 1875. The iron fence on the west front was given by Mr. George Gordon King, as part of a memorial to the memory of his deceased brother, Alexander Mercer King. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 115 after which the names of all delinquent subscribers were to be stricken from the list of proprietors. Benjamin Hazard and Dr. King to procure a new Librarian,®^ who would attend to the opening of the Library two afternoons in each week, from 2 to 5 o'clock. September 25, 181 1. Annual meeting; Dr. Jonathan Easton serving as Moderator. Dr. Jonathan Easton was elected President. Directors. — Walter Channing, Robert Stevens, Christopher Fow- ler. John P. Mann and William Hunter. Purchasing Committee. — Benjamin Hazard, Dr. William Turner, Dr. Edmund T. Waring, Dr. David King, John L. Boss, Jr., Wil- liam Vernon. Secretary. — Robert Rogers. Treasurer. — Benjamin Hadwin. A tax of one dollar was assessed in addition to the dollar annu- ally assessed for books ; and a subscription was solicited in aid of the annual tax. Voted : That subscribers have a right to subscribe books, charts, etc., or in money ; or in money to be expended in such books as they, the contributors, may specify, and under restrictions not to be delivered or permitted to be taken out of the Library, if the donor shall so prescribe, and that all donations be regularly entered in the red book procured for that purpose. October 8, 181 1. Drs. Waring and Turner were' a committee to obtain subscriptions for shares, at twenty-five dollars each, either in cash, or books, to be valued by them. ^ John Rodman was Librarian from 1811 to 181 2, but no mention is made of his appointment. He was a schoolmaster, with an excellent repu- tation as such ; but schools at that day had an afternoon as well as morn- ing session, and it does not appear that he attended to both duties. He came of an excellent family of Quakers, ii6 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, John Rodman was appointed Librarian, with a salary of forty dollars per annum, from the first of June last. Resolved: That the proceedings of the Subscription Committee, as reported, be approved, and that the south wing of the Library building be appropriated for the reception of such books as may be subscribed and presented on condition of not being taken out of the Library, and that said conditions shall be strictly adhered to. Resolved : That subscribers of donations, either of books or money, who are not inhabitants of the town of Newport, shall be allowed the use of the Library for the purpose of their consulting and perusing books, during Library hours. Resolved : That the President, Secretary and David King, be ap- pointed a committee to determine on what books should be placed in the south wing, with prohibition that they should not be taken out, but kept within the building, for the use of the Proprietors and others, there only ; and that said committee have such repairs made as they may think requisite to make the room more convenient for this purpose ; and, furthermore, are hereby empowered to purchase on the best terms they can one dozen chairs for the use of the Red- wood Library. September 15, 18 12. Messrs. Waring and Turner were to write to John B. Gilpin,^ Esq., and obtain from him an accurate catalogue of all the books he has for disposal, and the terms, and report the same to an adjourned meeting of the committee. September 26, 181 2. Resolved: That the above committee pur- chase the books now selected from the catalogue procured from ' Mr. Gilpin, on the terms proposed by him ; and the same commit- tee were to purchase the thirty-four volumes selected by a catalogue " John Bernard Gilpin was the British Vice-Consul for Rhode Island and Connecticut, residing at Newport. He removed to Nova Scotia, and died there. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 117 presented by George Wanton;^'' they being instructed to draw on the Treasurer ninety dollars, towards paying for the above purchase of books. The books to be placed in the Library previous to the annual meeting. September 30, 1812. Resolved: That the standing committee are directed to receive of any Proprietor who may owe a tax to the Company, any book or books such Proprietor may offer in lieu of said tax ; provided such books shall be approved by them, and shall, in their opinion be worth double the amount of said tax, which shall, on notification to the Treasurer of the receipt of said books, be discharged. Resolved : That the Directors cause the Regulations of the Com- pany, together with a Hst of the members and a " catalogue of the books^ belonging to the Library on the first day of January next to be published in a neat pamphlet, and a copy thereof to be furnished to each Proprietor. March 26, 181 3. Benjamin Hazard was requested to subscribe for the Edinburgh Revieiv, from No. i to No. 20, inclusive, and to continue the subscription on the terms offered in the proposals issued by Eastburn, Kirk & Co. Dr. Edmund T. Waring was to purchase Swift's^^ Works, twenty- four volumes, duodecimo, offered to him for one dollar per volume, *' George Wanton kept and sold books. No list has been preserved of the books selected from either Gilpin or Wanton. ^ These instructions were not fully carried out until April, 181 6, when a Catalogue, with the Rules and Regulations, was published. The num- ber of volumes then in the Library was 1502, being 14 less than were in the Library in 1764; showing how great had been the depredations dur- ing the war, when we take into consideration the accessions from 1810 to 1816. No list of members accompanied the catalogue of 1816. ^' This was the edition of 1803, arranged by Thomas Sheridan. The Library had the edition of 1764, the gift of John Bours. ii8 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, and on receipt of the money the books were to be placed in the Library. Jonathan Easton^" deceased since the last meeting. Robert Ste- vens confined by sickness, Walter Channing not on the Island, William Hunter and Benjamin Hazard fined each fifty cents for non- attendance. August 17, 1813. William Marchant and Dr. King were to have all the numbers of the monthly reviews and British Critic, lately presented by John B. Gilpin, and which are now complete, bound together with fifteen volumes, to which the appendix is wanting. September 29, 1813. Annual meeting. Was Chosen President. — Robert Stevens. Were Chosen Directors. — Christopher Fowler, William Hunter, John P. Mann, Simeon Martin, and Christopher G. Champlin. Book Committei. — Benjamin Hazard, William Turner, Edmund T. Waring, David King, WiUiam H.Vernon, WiUiam Marchant. Secretary. — Robert Rogers. Treasurer. — Benjamin Hadwin. Resolved : That Solomon Southwick, of Albany, N. Y., be ad- mitted an Honorary Member. Resolved : That Richard K. Randolph, John Dennis, Dutee J." Pearce, and Samuel Fowler Gardner, be admitted members of this Company, in the rights of Jacob Dunnell, William M. Allston, Richard Fairman, and Samuel Lopez, they having purchased their respective rights. A tax of one dollar was assessed on every share, in addition to ^ Dr. Jonathan Easton, who had been the President from 1809, was a successful practitioner. Born August 6, 1747, he died March 13, 181 3. He was of Quaker origin, and was highly respected in his profession. He was an original Fellow of the Rhode Island Medical Society, and was the first to introduce inoculation for small-pox into Newport, in 1772. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 119 the tax of one dollar annual tax, as directed by the rules and regulations. January 28, 1814. Resolved: That the following works be pur- chased : Arthur Young's Agricultural Work [Le Cultivateur Anglois, Paris, 1800]. Agricultural Transactions of the Pennsylvania Society. Agricultural Transactions of the New York Society. Kirwan on Manure [Richard Kirwan, 1807]. Lay wick on Wool. Duparty's Travels. Ganganelli's Letters [Pope Clement XIV., London, 1777]. Bissett's Life of Burke [Robert Bisset, 1800]. Hamilton's Works [18 10]. Additional Works of Burke. Mrs. Hay's Biography of Remarkable Women. Sully's Memoirs [M. De L'Ecluse, 1805]. Resolved : That Buffon's Natural History, 9 vols., octavo [1791], presented by William H. Vernon, be received and placed on the shelves, on the conditions by him proposed, viz., " to be replaced to him by a good set whenever he may require it." January 23, 1815. Addison's works in 6 volumes [1811] were purchased for $%, of John Johnson. January 31, 181 5. The sum of $12^ was appropriated for books, with w^hich sum Messrs. Waring, King and Hadwin were to pur- chase the following books : History of Ceylon [Robert Percival, 4to., 1803]. Bryan Edwards's Hispaniola. Savary's [Anne-Jean-Marie-Rene] Letters [on Egypt, 1787]. Bartram's [William, 1792]. Voltaire's History Lewis XIV. [The age of Louis XIV., 1780]. I20 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Johnson on Drainage [J. Johnston] ; also his work on Irri- gation. Curtis [WilHam] on Grapes [1812]. Bougainville [Lewis de, 1772], Voyages. Robertson [William, D.D.], History of Scotland [the copy was probably sold, for the one in the Library, 1773, was the gift of Capt. Benjamin Peirce]. Robertson's America, 1778. Plutarch's Lives [Langhorne translation, 1816]. Emporium of Arts and Sciences. Smellie's [William] Natural Philosophy [Philosophy of Natural History, 1808]. Home Tooke's Diversions. September 27, 1815. No business was transacted at the annual meeting, other than the election of officers, and adding the names of Oliver H. Perry, John G. Whitehorne, and William C. Gardner to the Donation Committee. August 6, 1819. Voted: That the sum of eighty dollars be appro- priated for books, under Benjamin Hazard, and Drs. Wearing and King, who were to select books from a prepared list. The com- mittee made the following selections, other books on the list having been already purchased : Nile's Register [1816-33, and of which the Library has 46 volumes]. Eustace's [John Chetwode] Travels [1806]. Clark's Travels [Edward Daniel, 18 17]. Davy's Works [Sir Humphry's Elements of Agricultural Chem- istry, 1 8 19]. Woodville. Cuvier [Essay on the Theory of the Earth, 18 18]. [No business, other than the election of officers, was transacted at the annual meetings of 1816 and 18 1 7. At the annual meeting, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 121 September 30, 18 16, a committee was appointed to revise the " Rules and Regulations," and were to report at an adjourned meet- ing-] October 17, 18 16. Resolved: That the amendments presented by Benjamin Hazard be accepted, and that the Representatives of the town be requested to have the same passed into an act at the next meeting of the Legislature. January 7, 1817. Resolved: That the thanks of the Directors, in behalf of the Company, be presented to Mr. Charles B. King, for his elegant portrait of Mr. Abraham Redwood, founder of this In- stitution ; that Dr. King be a committee to procure a suitable frame for the same, and have it placed in the Library room, and that the Secretary transmit a copy of this vote to Mr. Charles B. King. Resolved : That the Secretary be directed to write to Mr. Charles Dudley, of Albany, respecting the tract of land presented to this Institution by Solomon Southwick, Esq.,^^ to ascertain whether the ^^ It does not appear that anything was ever realized from the prop- erty. Mr. Dudley, when applied to, wrote as follows, January 25, 1823: '' On examination and search at the Comptroller's office, no charge can be discovered against the lot of land conveyed by Solomon South- wick, Esq., to the Redwood Library, viz., lot No. 29, of Township No. 50, Totten and Crossfield. The lands in that quarter of the State are remote from settlements, and generally poor, and lot No. 29, has proba- bly escaped taxation, either from its trifling value, or that it has been considered as still belonging to the State," The following is a copy of the deed of gift to the Library, from Solo- mon Southwick : To all men to whom these presents shall come greeting : Know ye. That I, Solomon Southwick, of the city of Albafty in the State of New York, being desirous to advance the progress and extend the benefits of learning and science, and also to contribute towards perpetu- ating the memory of Henry Collins, Esq., a principal founder of the In- 9 122 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, same has been taxed or sold for taxes ; requesting him to redeem the same, and, as the agent of the Institution, pay any taxes which stitution hereinafter mentioned, and the hberal patron of my late revered father, in his early life, in consideration thereof have given, granted, alienated, enfeoffed and confirmed and by these presents do give, grant, alien, enfeoff and confirm unto the Company of the Redwood Library, of Newport, Rhode Island, their successors and assigns forever, that certain piece or parcel of land lying in the countv of Essex, in the State of New York distinguished as lot number twenty-nine of township number fifty in Totten and Crossfield's purchase, said lot containing one hun- dred and twenty acres (as by reference being had to the letters patent dated the twenty-fourth day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eleven, signed by Daniel B. Tompkins, Governor of the said State of New York, and duly authenticated under the great seal of the said State whereby the above-mentioned land is granted to me the said Solomon Southwick, will more fully appear) together with all and singular the rights, hereditaments and appurtenances to the same belong- mg or in anywise appertaining, to have and to hold the above-described and granted premises unto the said Company of the Redwood Library, their successors and assigns as a good indefeasible estate of inheritance forever. And I the said Solomon Southwick, for myself and my heirs do hereby promise and agree to and with the said Company of the Redwood Library, their successors and assigns that upon the request of the said Company their successors and assigns, I will from time to time hereafter make, do and execute, or cause to be made, done and executed all such further or other reasonable acts, deeds, conveyances and assurances in the law whatsoever, for the further, better and more perfect and absolute granting and conveying and assuring the premises unto the said Com- pany their successors and assigns, as by the said Company their successors or assigns or any of their counsel learned in the law shall be reasonably advised, devised and required. In \vitness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal at Albany, this tenth day of September in the year of our J^ord one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. Signed, sealed and delivered in the S. SOUTHWICK [seal]. presence of DiREK Ten Broeck, John N. V. Yates. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 123 may hereafter accrue, and that the amount of moneys paid by him shall be remitted in any way he may direct. November i, 18 19. An additional sum of fifty dollars was appro- priated for the purchase of books. November 4, 18 19. The following books were ordered to be pur- chased : Mitford's History of Greece [18 18]. Leland's History of Ireland. Bozman's History of Maryland [John Leeds, 181 1]. Ramsay's History of the Revolution [181 1]. Laing's History of Scotland. Holmes's [AbielJ American Annals [1805]. Belknap's [Jeremy] History of New Hampshire [1794-7J. Adams's [John] Correspondence with [Jonathan] Sewall. July 20, 1820. Seventy dollars were appropriated for the purchase of books, in the following order : Sismundi's Italian Republics. Sir John Froissart's Chronicles, translated by Thomas Johnes. Communications of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Humboldt's Travels [181 5]. Baron de Grimm: Historical and Literary Memoirs [1814]. Marmoutel's Memoirs [1807]. Madame de Sevigne, Letters to her Daughter and her Friends [1811]. Memoirs of Madame de Maintenon [1806]. Works of Madame de Stael [18 18]. Gibbon's Miscellaneous Works [1796]. Abbe Raynai's Works [Translated by J. O. Justamond, 1783]. Mark Noble: Memoirs of Cromwell [1787]. [The Treasurer was ordered to pay the bills for books, from August 6, 1 8 19, to date, to the amount of two hundred dollars.] January 24, 1821. At a meeting of the Directors and the Book 124 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Committee, at the residence of the President, Mr. Robert Stevens, the following selection of books was made : John Aikin's Life of Howard [1794]. Barthelemy's Travels in Italy [1802]. Jonathan Carver's Travels [Interior of North America, 1792]. Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia [1801]. John Moore's Travels in France [View of Society and Manners, 1803]. Madame Roland's Appeal to Impartial Posterity [1796]. Richard Cumberland's Memoirs [1806]. Sir Humphry Davy's Elements of Agricultural Chemistry [1819]. WiUiam Smith's History of New York [18 14]. Hallam's History of the Middle Ages. Prince Eugene's [of Savoy] Memoirs [181 1]. Malthus [Thomas Robert] on the Principles of Population [1809]. Southey's Life of Nelson [18 14]. Southey's Life of Wesley [1820]. Botta's History of the War of Independence. April 10, 1821. Resolved: That the Librarian be directed to offer the use of the Library room to the Medical Society, when- ever they may meet in this town for the purpose of transacting their business. July 20, 1 82 1. A further selection of books was made September 15th; the Book Committee were requested to procure the Journals of the Federal Convention, published by authority of Congress ; Secret Journals of the Old Congress ; Secret Debates and Proceed- ings of the Federal Convention, 1787, by Judge Yates; Analectic Magazine; and, not to make it too heavy, Paul's Letters to his Kinsfolks. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 125 September 26, 182 1. Annual meeting. William Ellery, Moder- ator. The officers elected were : President. — Robert Stevens. Directors. — Christopher Fowler, Edmund T. Waring, David King, Benjamin Hazard, William Ellery. Purchasing Committee. — William Turner, William H. Vernon, William Crooke, Audley Clarke, Richard K. Randolph, William Ennis. Treasurer and Secretary. — Robert Rogers. Resolved : That all the books belonging to the Library, shall be on the shelves on the Tuesday previous to the annual meeting, in each year, and that every proprietor who shall refuse or neglect to return the book or books which may be out on their respective shares, shall pay as a fine for such neglect or refusal, the sum of twenty-five cents. [At each meeting selections were made of books whenever the funds warranted the outlay, and the rule, assessing a tax on absent members, was rigidly enforced.] Annual meeting. September 25, 1822. WiUiam Hunter, Mod- erator. Resolved : That the application of the Rhode Island Historical Society, requesting the use of the Library as a deposit for the books and manuscripts by them to be collected, be acceded to, and per- mission for said deposit be granted, subject to the Rules and Regu- lations of the Company, as to the right, manner and time of using the Library room. Resolved : That the collection of natural curiosities be no further continued, and that the material already collected be removed from the Library, and to be disposed of as a committee appointed and the Directors may think proper ; said committee to consist of Ben- jamin Hadwin, Christ. E. Robbins, and Nicholas G. Boss. November 7, 1821. Resolved : That the books selected from the 126 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, lists voted on the 20th of July and 15th of September, be forthwith purchased, together with the additional books voted at the last meet- ing, with the portfolio offered by Mr. Thomas — Woodville's Medi- cal Botany — a complete set of Scott's Poetical Works, Ramsay's History of the United States, and the Debates of the Massachusetts Convention, if to be procured at a discount of 40 per cent., and that Robert Rogers be directed to draw one hundred dollars and remit to Dr. Rogers/^ on account of said purchase. September 23, 1823. Annual meeting. Christopher Fowler, Moderator. The committee appointed to remove the " Curiosities from the North River " [bring them from there to Newport], reported that they had performed that service. The Auditing Committee reported they had examined the Treas- urer's accounts and had found them correct. Resolved: That no alteration, amendment or repeal of any of the Rules and Regulations of this Company shall be made at anytime, unless the same shall be brought forward in writing at a regular meeting, and shall continue on file until the next regular meeting ; then to be called up and acted upon. May 14, 1824. Voted: That Christopher Fowler, David King and Robert Rogers, be a sub-committee to purchase books, when '^ Rev. William Rogers, D.D., was born in Newport, and removed to Pennsylvania previous to the Revolution. For some time he was the pastor of the First Baptist Church in Philadelphia. Subsequently, he was Professor of Belles Lettres in the University of Pennsylvania. He was the last surviving Chaplain of the Revolutionary army, and retained to the last his love of constitutional liberty that marked those times. He was also, at his death, the last surviving member of the class that gradu- ated from Rhode Island College, at Warren, in 1759. He was licensed to preach in the Second Baptist Church in this towji, when it was under the charge of the venerable Gardiner Thurston. Dr. Rogers died in Philadelphia, April 7, 1824, aged seventy-three years. NE WPOR T, RHODE ISLAND. 1 2 7 to be procured on such terms as they may think advisable, and such works as they suppose will meet with the approbation of the Committee. September 29, 1824. Annual meeting. William Ennis, Moder- ator. Officers elected : President. — Robert Stevens. Directors. — Christopher Fowler, David King, Benjamin Hazard, William EUery, William Ennis. Book Committee. — William Turner, William Crooke, Audley Clarke, Richard K. Randolph, William Hunter, Christopher E. Robbins. October 23, 1824. Voted: That Benjamin Hazard, and Christo- pher E. Robbins be a committee to address a letter to Samuel Brown, Esq., on the subject of the Redwood Library. January 20, 1825. Voted: That the Secretary forthwith write to Mr. William Ellery, and request him to call on Messrs. Wilder & Campbell, and desire them to import the following books by the first vessel : Froissart's Chronicles, 12 vols., 8vo., £j /^s. od. Schlegel [Augustus William] : Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature, £2 4.?. od. Hamilton [William Gerard] on Parliamentary Logic, Zs. od. The money to be remitted to Mr. Ellery in such way as he shall direct, without delay. January 28, 1825. Voted: That the Secretary transmit a vote of thanks to Professor Channing for the liberal donation of books by .him presented ; and to William S. Rogers for his agency therein. Voted : That a committee be appointed to consider the best means of carrying into effect the grant of the Lottery^^ made to the ^ There is no evidence that the Directors availed themselves of the |)rivilege granted tlie Company to get up a lottery scheme for the benefit of the Library. 128 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. Redwood Library, in 1 806, and that they make a report at the next meeting of the Board. January 28, 1825. Voted: That Benjamin Hazard and Christo- pher E. Robbins be a committee to address a letter to Walter Chan- ning, Esq., on the subject of the Library [probably to thank him for his donation of books] ; and William Hunter, Esq., was to write to Redwood Fisher, Esq., on the subject of the long-pending donation, proffered by his father previous to his decease. May 31, 1825. Voted : That the committee to consider the best means of carrying into effect the grant of a lottery in 1 806, be con- tinued. September 28, 1825. Annual meeting. Voted: That Henry Bull and William Ennis be a committee to confer with the Street Commissioners on the necessity and propriety of mending the street in front of the Library, from the corner of Mill Street to meet the improvements made by the Committee on Mr. Touro's Legacy. December 29, 1825. Voted: That the donation offered by Wil- liam Marchant, Esq., of the Providence Gazette for a number of years during the Revolutionary war, Pennsylvania Gazette, New- port Mercury, and Newport Herald, be accepted, and that the Secretary transmit a vote of thanks for the same. Resolved : That the Directors of the Redwood Library Company be empowered to grant the privileges of the Company, so far as relates to the use of the books to such distinguished strangers or liberal benefactors to the Library, as may be temporarily residing in the town of Newport. Resolved : That the Directors make such alterations in the char- ter and By-laws as they may think requisite, and report at the next general meeting. - April II, 1826. Resolved: That Charles W. Morgan, Esq., a Captain in the Navy of the United States, a distinguished stranger, now residing in Newport, be admitted to the free use of the Library • NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 129 during his residence here, subject to the Rules and Regulations of the Institution. [Captain Morgan made the following acknowledgment :] To Robert Rogers, Esq., Secretary of the Redwood Library Society : Sir : I have been favored by your very polite note of this morn- ing, communicating a resolution by the President and Directors of the Redwood Library, by which they have been pleased to allow me the use of the books of that Institution. You will add an addi- tional obligation to those I am already under by expressing to that honorable body my warmest thanks for the favor conferred on me, together with the assurance of my perfect consideration and respect. Very respectfully Sir, your obedient servant, Charles W. Morgan. Wednesday Morning, 15th. September 18, 1826. Entry made by the Secretary: By verbal instructions from a majority of the Directors, I made a written communication to Colonel Joseph G. Totten and Colonel Robert Y. Hayne, that they were admitted to the free use of the Redwood Library, during their residence in the town of Newport, subject to the Rules and Regulations of the Institution, to which communication they respectively replied, acknowledging the favor and politely accepted the same. Robert Rogers, Secretary. Newport, September 26, 1826. Mr. Robert Rogers, Secretary of the Redivood Library. Sir : Your letter, informing me that the Directors of the Red- wood Library had granted me the free use thereof during my resi- I30 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, dence in Newport, was duly received. In accepting the tender I am fully sensible of the value of the privilege conferred, and am much flattered by the delicacy of the compliment, and by the polite terms in which you communicate it. Very respectfully, Your most obedient, Joseph G. Totten. Newport, September 21, 1826 Dear Sir : I return herewith the books which, by the favor of Governor Gibbs, I lately took out from the Redwood Library. I have just received your letter, informing me that the privilege has been kindly extended to me of taking out books during my stay in Newport. You will be so good as to return my thanks to the gentlemen to whom I am indebted for this privilege, which I highly value, and of which I shall avail myself; and accept, sir, for yourself the assurance of the respect and esteem of Your most obedient servant, Robert Y. Hayne. R. Rogers, Esq. New York, nth of November, 1826. Robert Rogers, Esq. Sir : The corporation of the city through their committee on the Canal celebration, direct me to ask the Redwood Library Society to accept a copy of Colden's Memoir of the grand Canal, connected with an account of the celebration, commemorative of the comple- tion of that great work. Excepting Mr. Colden's Memoir ^^ this » — ' ■ — ■ — ■ — > ■ '* There is in this book — Colden's Account of the Opening of the Erie Canal — under the head of Columbia College, a print — a very ordi- nary lithograph — that cannot fail to interest every citizen of Newport who is familiar with Malbone's painting of the PTours ; a picture that Benjamin West said could not be excelled by any man in England. Mal- bone described his picture as "the Past, Present and Coming Hours," three lovely female figures; the Past, slowly stepping forward, shows a sad, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 131 work will not probably be considered very interesting, but its value is enhanced from the fact that it cannot \i^ purchased ; and I hope it may not be diminished by coming through the hands of your townsman. P. W. Engs. Newport, R. 1., November 27, 1827. Mr p. W. Engs. Sir: Your esteemed favor of the nth instant, by Mr. Pease, is duly at hand. The Redwood Library Company feel themselves highly honored by the distinguished mark of attention from the corporation of New York, in the truly valuable donation of Colden's Memoir, and grand Canal celebration, conveyed through their com- mittee by your obliging attention, which will be carefully preserved in their archives, as a perpetual memento of the present glory and future greatness of the truly enterprising State of New York. The Directors request me to tender through you their respects to the Corporation, for this pleasing communication and acknowledg- ment for the delicate manner in which you have made the same. Respectfully, Your obedient servant, Robert Rogers, Secretary. September 27, 1826. Annual meeting. Resolved: That at this and every subsequent meeting annually to be holden, the two mem- regretful face, her right hand extending behind her, as if to hold to the Present. The Present is in the full flush of perfect womanhood ; her left hand gracefully raised to keep above her head a fluffy veil that floats around her; the face has a calm, sweet repose, but the right hand is ex- tended, as if to keep back the Future, a lovely, girlish face and figure, that with laughing, roguish eyes, looks over the shoulder of the Present, eager to take her place. It has never been claimed that the design originated with Malbone, but was the work of an English artist, S. Shelley, who called it '' The Hours." In 1826 it was lithographed, following Shelley's treatment, for the students of Columbia College, as the "Tenses" — past, present and future, and was inserted in Colden's book. 132 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, bers of the Purchasing Committee, standing first upon the records of the last annual meeting, shall be considered ineligible as members for the current year. The following persons were elected : Purchasing Committee?^ — Audley Clarke, Richard K. Randolph, Christ. E. Robbins, David M. Coggeshall, Theophilus C. Dunn, and Archibald Munro. Resolved : That Theophilus C. Dunn, Christ. E. Robbins, Nich- olas G. Boss, with the Secretary, be a committee to prepare forthwith and have printed, a new catalogue of the books in the Library. The following letters are entered on the records of the annual meetings of the Redwood Library Company by order of the Direc- tors at their quarterly meeting, January 9, 1827. September 26, 1827. David M. Coggeshall, Theophilus C. Dunn, Charles Whitfield, Samuel Barker, Jr., and Joseph Martin were elected the Purchasing Committee. September 24, 1828. The following report of the Treasurer and Librarian was ordered to be recorded : The Treasurer reports that all the taxes assessed on the respec- tive shares, 103 in number, September 27, 1827, and the fines then due for detention of books to said September, 1827, have been paid. That from the balance reported in the treasury, There is due, payable ist October, Librarian's account, And about $^ for reviews, ..... That the fines collected from Oct., 1827, to Oct., 1828, To be charged in the respective accounts unpaid. Whole sum for detention of books, . '^ To record here the action of the Purchasing Committee from month to month, would be giving in a broken and disconnected form simply the titles of books purchased. • ^34 81 1 1 60 5 00 5 00 II 20 . ^16 20 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 133 Whole number of books now on the shelves, 2450. There has been expended in cash, since the revival of the Library in 1 8 10, the sum of ;^2I53.56, exclusive of what has been paid for bind- ing and repairing books. Voted : That the annual account, after being audited, shall in future be laid before the proprietors at their annual meetings, in Sep- tember. Voted : That Robert Rogers and Charles Whitfield be appointed to have an additional catalogue printed, of all the books added to the Library, since the catalogue was printed in 18 16. The following letter was received from Mr. Charles B. King, the artist, who was a frequent benefactor to the Library : Washington, April 21, 1829. Gentlemen : I sent to the exhibition of pictures at the Boston Athenaeum, two portraits — an Ottoe chief and his wife, in their native costume, and requested the agent, Mr. Jones, to send them to you as a present from me. Should they not be in your possession, I think you had better give the subjoined order to some gentleman going to Boston, and obtain them. They are only eighteen inches high. Mr. Jones wrote me a few weeks since that the packing was now ready. Yours very respectfully, Charles B. King. To the Directors of the Redwood Library. '34 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, CHAPTER VII. 1 829- 1 847. EPTEMBER 30, 1829. Annual meeting. Voted : That the thanks of the Proprietors be presented to Mr. Charles B. King, for his donation of two paintings, and that the Secre- tary communicate the same by letter. Voted : That a compensation often dollars be allowed and paid out of the Treasury, to the Secretary, Robert Rogers, for preparing and furnishing a copy for the Appendix^^ [Catalogue] for the press, and having the same printed. • September 29, 1830. The following letter was read: Newport, September 27, 1830. Gentlemen : As the annual meeting of the Redwood Library will be on the 29th of this month, I take the opportunity to acknowledge the honor the Proprietors have conferred on me in continuing me so long as their President ; and as I am so unfortunate as to be deaf, and my health being such as not to be able to attend to the duties as Presi- dent, I now wish to resign the appointment which they have con- ferred on me so long and appoint some person to perform the duties ^ The Appendix shows an increase of 873 volumes from April, 181 6, to September, 1829. Benjamin Hazard was appointed a committee to procure suitable frames for the portraits. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 135 which are necessary as President; and it gives me much satisfac- tion to find the prosperous situation the Library is now in, and of my well wishes that it may so continue and increase. I am with much respect Your humble servant, Robert Stevens.^ Voted: That the foregoing letter of resignation from our late President be received, accepted and recorded ; and on motion of Dutee J. Pearce, Esq., the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Voted : That the thanks of the Redwood Library Company be presented by the Secretary to Robert Stevens, Esq., for his long and faithful services during the time he has presided over this Institu- tion, with an assurance that the Company will ever cherish a grate- ful recollection of his services. The following officers were then elected : President, — David King. Directors. — William Ennis, Audley Clarke, Benjamin Hazard, Richard K. Randolph, Nathaniel S. Ruggles. Purchasing Committee. — Dutee J. Pearce, Christ. E. Robbins, , Theophilus C. Dunn, Archibald Munro, Charles Whitfield and William Hunter. Secretary and Treasurer. — Robert Rogers. Voted : That all persons now holding shares in this Institution, who have not heretofore been admitted, be and they are now ad- mitted'as members thereof. '^ During a long life Robert Stevens, the retiring President of the Library, was deservedly esteemed for his industry, enterprise and integ- rity. He had been called by his fellow-citizens to many responsible posi- tions, and after the Revolution he served the town as a Representative to the General Assembly. At the time of his death he was eighty-eight years of age. 136 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted: That Richard K. Randolph, Theophilus C. Dunn, and Christopher E. Robbins be continued as a committee, with the ad- dition of Benjamin Hazard, to revise and amend the By-Laws, and to report at a special meeting when called by the President for that purpose. September 28, 1831. Voted: That Benjamin H. Tisdale* John Williams, Jr., and George G. King be admitted members. The committee to examine the books reported that many of the books were much damaged, and recommended that steps be taken to repair them. The President presented the following letter from Robert Rogers, Esq. : Dr. D. King. Sir : My advanced age and increasing debility, strongly remind me that it would be incompatible with the repose requisite for my declining years, to continue in the respective offices which I have endeavored to discharge with fidelity for a long period, with a sole view to promote and advance the interest of the excellent institution of the Redwood Library. I shall therefore decline a reappoint- ment, and doubt not the Proprietors will be able to select some per- son who, (having the good of the establishment at heart) will dis- charge the duties of his appointment with equal fidelity. The strictest adherence to the excellent system, of fining for the deten- tion of books, has undoubtedly proved peculiarly beneficial to the preservation of the Library ; and, although I have been subjected in several instances to unmerited abuse for a rigid tenacity, to this rule, I earnestly recommend an inflexible attention to it. I annex an accurate list of the fines incurred for the detention of books since the last annual meeting, the accuracy of which I am ready to attest to ; and which has been uniformly annexed to the annual bills of the respective Proprietors, for the tax assessed each following year. The balance, fe.37, as reported by the auditors, I am ready to pay over to my successor in ofiFice, and likewise the papers and books. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 137 I shall with pleasure render any requisite assistance to my suc- cessor or successors. I am, respectfully, Your obedient servant, Robert Rogers."*' Dr. David King, President Redwood Library Company. . The roof leaks very badly, and unless attended to without delay, the beautiful ceiling will be spoiled. Voted : That the foregoing letter of resignation from Robert Rogers, Esq., our late Secretary, Treasurer and Librarian, be received, accepted and recorded. On motion of Dutee J. Pearce, Esq., the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved: That the thanks of this Corporation be communicated by the President thereof to Robert Rogers, Esq., for his long, faith- ful and efficient services as Librarian, and the regrets of the Corpo- ration that any circumstances should induce him to withhold his services from them. The officers elected were : President. — David King. Directors. — Robert Rogers, Audley Clarke, Benjamin Hazard, Theophilus C. Dunn, Archibald Munro, Charles Whitfield. Purchasing Committee, — Richard K. Randolph, Nathaniel S. Ruggles, William Hunter, William G. Hammond, Samuel Barker. ^ Robert Rogers was the son of Rev. William Rogers, D.D. He was born in Newport, April 18, 1758, and graduated at Brown University in 1 775. On leaving college he served in the war, and on his return opened a successful classical school in Newport. For twenty years he was the faithful and devoted Treasurer, Secretary and Librarian of the Library : for nearly fifty years he was a member of the corporation of Brown Uni- versity, and a Fellow of that Institution for four years. He died in New- port, August 5, 1835. 10 138 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Secretary and Treasurer. — George G. King. September 30, 1831. Voted: That the roof of the Library be repaired and shingled, and Nathaniel S. Ruggles was appointed a committee to purchase the materials and superintend the work. Mr. Benjamin Hazard reported that George Gibbs, Esq., had hired the Directors' room, in the Library, for the purpose of depositing his papers, etc., at the rate of ;^20 per year, to commence on the ist of September, 1831. January 24, 1832. Voted: That the President cause a letter to be sent to Abraham Redwood, Esq., of London, thanking him in the name of the Company, for the intended grant of the Redwood estate to them, and requesting him to 'execute a legal conveyance thereof. Voted : That the Secretary prepare a writing proper for the President to transmit to England for execution.. The account rendered for repairs on the Library building, amounted to ;^ 140.66. September 26, 1832. John H. Gilliat, George L Cook, Alex- ander Swift and George W. Tilley were admitted members of the Institution. July 16, 1833. Voted : On a suggestion that it might be expe- dient to move the fence back of the present line, the committee were directed to suspend the repairs that had been voted, until after the annual meeting. The Secretary reported : By instructions from a majority of the Directors, I made written communications to the Hon. Charles J.Ingersol and Hon. Nathaniel Silsbee, that they were admitted to the use of the Library during their residence in the town of Newport. To these communications they personally replied, and politely accepted the same. George G. King, Secretary, MEWPOjRT, RHODE ISLAND. 139 Similar invitations were extended to Hon. Lemuel H. Arnold [then Governor of the State of Rhode Island] and Sir Charles Vaughan. September 25, 1833. John A. H. Grace, Benjamin I. Cahoone, Charles W. King, Harriet King and Robert Johnston were admitted members. [The report of the Committee on By-Laws was then taken up, and after an animated discussion, several amendments were adopted. The Rules and Regulations, as finally adopted, have already a place in these annals.] Resolved: That Messrs. Hazard and Randolph be a committee to wait on Robert Johnston, Esq., and request him to prepare a catalogue of the books belonging to the Library Company, together with an historical sketch of the Institution and its founders. Voted unanimously : That the President and Directors be directed to make application in behalf of the Company to the General Assembly, at the October session, for an act authorizing the above- mentioned change in the corporate name of the Institution. Voted unanimously : That it is expedient that the first eighteen articles of the Rules and Regulations, as now amended, together with the Rules adopted by the annual meetings of September, 1812, 1822, 1825 and 1827, be embodied in the Act of Incorporation, and that the President and Directors make application to the General Assembly so to amend the Charter of the Company. Voted : That the President and Directors be authorized and empowered to appoint a committee to prepare a new catalogue for publication, together with an historical sketch of the Insti- tution. Voted: That Messrs. Randolph, Hunter and Johnston be a com- mittee to take into consideration the propriety of admitting to the use of the Library, persons not members of the Institution, and to I40 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, report at the next meeting of the Company such rules and regu- lations on this subject as they may deem expedient to be adopted. Voted : That the Directors attend to the repairs of the fence in front of the Library, and that they be authorized to cause it to be moved back from the present line, if they see good reason for so doing. David King was elected President. Directors. — Robert Rogers, Audley Clarke, Benjamin Hazard, Richard K. Randolph and Nathaniel S. Ruggles. Purchasing Committee. — William G. Hammond, Joseph Martin, Theophilus C. Dunn, Samuel Barker, Chris. E. Robbins, Robert Johnston. Secretary and Treasurer. — George G. King. Special meeting. July 29, 1833. On motion of Mr. Randolph, the following resolution was passed : Resolved : That the Directors be authorized to cause the Library to be opened every day in the week except Sundays, for such time as they may think proper, and to admit strangers to use the books in the Library during the hours in which it shall be kept open ; provided the same can be done without expense to the Corporation ; and provided, also, that the Directors take proper steps to prevent the books from being injured. Resolved : That the Directors be authorized to procure lectures to be delivered in the Library room, by such gentlemen as they may select. October 24, 1833. Voted: That the President be empowered, in behalf of the Directors and Company, to sign the petition to the General Assembly, praying for the passage of an act to alter the name of the Company and to amend the Charter. Voted : That William C. Gibbs, Esq., be authorized to open a subscription, for the purpose of procuring funds for flagging the sidewalk in front of the Library, and that he be empowered, on NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 141 obtaining sufficient funds for the purpose, to cause the work to be executed. Voted : That Messrs. Randolph and Ruggles have the Library fence repaired, and that they be authorized to move back the front fence on a h'ne with Mr. GiUiat's [now the Ashhurst estate]. February 19, 1834. Audley Clarke, Esq., having represented to the Directors, that those interested in the books, etc., of George Gibbs, now deposited in the Directors' room, no longer wished to control the room, but only the privilege of having the books, etc., deposited there for the present, at a less price than that agreed upon for the rent of the room, it was Voted : That the books and papers belonging to the estate of George Gibbs, and now deposited in the Directors' room in the Library, be allowed to remain there at the rate of $\o per year, from the ist of January, 1834, with the understanding that the room may be used as formerly, for the purposes of the Company, who shall not be responsible for said books and papers ; and with the further understanding, that those having authority shall remove the same as soon as convenient. Voted : That the Librarian be authorized, upon the receipt of any donations of books, etc., to the Company, to present the donor an acknowledgment of the same in behalf of the Company, and that such acknowledgments heretofore given by him be and the same are approved. Special meeting. July 15, 1834. Called for the purpose of taking into consideration a proposed plan of public lectures, under the auspices of the Institution, and also the report of the committee appointed at the last annual meeting, to propose rules and regula- tions for the admission to the use of the Library of persons not members of the Institution. 142 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, [The followinfT is the report of the committee, and. is in the hand writing of Mr. Robert Johnston :] " The committee appointed at the annual meeting of the Red- wood Library Company, to take into consideration the propriety of' admitting to the Library persons not members of the Institution, beg leave to report : " That they consider the benefit arising from a Literary Institu- tion ought to be diffused as evenly as possible, provided that they do not interfere with the interests of the original proprietors ; the committee therefore recommend that by extending the advantages of the Library, by opening the doors to the strangers and visitors of Newport, as well as to those who are not actually members, the Institution, from the number of persons who will by this means be interested in its welfare, instead of being depreciated, will be much increased in value. " In order to carry into effect the proposed plan, the committee think it will be necessary to adopt the following regulations : '' That the Library be opened every day except Sunday, from ten o'clock in the morning to twelve, and from three in the after- noon to sunset. " That the exchange of books be made as at present, under the superintendence of the Librarian. " That strangers (visiting Newport) be admitted for the summer season by paying ;^2.oo each. "That a doorkeeper be engaged to attend the hall in the absence of the Librarian. " That gentlemen be requested to give gratuitously public lectures, the proceeds to be applied to ulterior purposes." Voted: That N. Biddle, Esq., Granville S. Patterson, M.D., of Philadelphia, and ^General Duncan, of Illinois, be severally admitted to the use of the Library during their stay in Newport. September 23, 1834. The following list of books, forty-three vol- umes, many of them exceedingly rare and valuable, was presented to the Library by Mr. Robert Johnston, who had collected them NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 143 in and around Newport during the previous twelve months. The names of the donors, so far as they are known, are given in itahcs. The Great or Bishops' Bible. (Black letter.) 1572. Les Pslaumes de David. 1607. — Etiennc Pascal Faisticau. Thomas Shepard's Parable of the Ten Virgins. 1657. — Isaac Stall. Some Fruits of Solitude. 1749. — George Efigs. The Young Man's Best Instructor. 1748. — Isaac Chase. Lazarus Riveri us: Praxis Medica. 1649. — Nicholas G, Boss. Histoire de la Derniere Conspiration d'Angleterre. 1696. — Nicholas G. Boss. George Chalmers : Estimate of Comparative Strength of Great Britain, etc. 1782. — Nicholas G. Boss. Peter de la Primandaye : The French .Academie. 1589. Sermons by the Dean of Down. 1750. — M?'. Thomas Waring. Bishop [John] Wilkins : Principles and Duties of Natural Reli- gion. 1734. — Ihomas Waring. Charter of Rhode Island: edition of lydy .-^William Marchant. Heinrich Zschokke's des Schweizerlands. 1834. — Isaiah Crooker. Richard Baxter's Christian Directory. 1673. — Miss Susan F. Spooner. Edward Stillingfleet's Origines Sacrae. 1709. — Stephen Cahoonc. The Geneva Translation of the New Testament. 1605. — George Engs. Knox's History of the Reformation of the Church of Scotland. 1 644. — William Stevens. Charter of Rhode Island: edition of 1744. — William Marchant. La Bible, Londres. 1687. — Isaac Chase. William Camden's History of the Princess Elizabeth, late Queen of England. 1675. — Isaac Chase, ■John Everard's Gospel Treasury Opened. 1679. — Mr. House. James Bent's New Marty rology : or the Bloody Assizes. 1689. — Mr. House. 144 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. Charles Leslie's Short and Easy Method with the Deists. 1715. — Miss Susan Lawton. The Statutes at Large. Black Letter. 1684. — Edward IV. Lawton. George Fox's New England Firebrand Quenched. 1696. — Car- penter Ward. William Sewel's History of the Quakers. 1725. — Mrs. J. H. Easton. J. T^gidius Van Egmont : Travels Through Part of Europe, Asia Minor, etc. 1759. — Carpenter Ward. Collection of Swedish Poetry. 1767. — Nicholas G. Boss. John Ray's Collection of English Proverbs. 1678. — Nicholas G. Boss. Joannes de Bussieres : Historia Universalis. 1678. — Nicholas G. Boss. Le Jardinier Francois. 1708. — Nicholas G. Boss. A Geography on General History. Thomas Parnell : Poems. Pope's edition. . 1738. — Nicholas G. Boss. Walter Harte : Poems on Several Occasions. 1739. — Nicholas G. Boss, Jacob Rodde : Russische Sprachlehre. I773- — Nicholas G. Boss. Christopher Pezelius : Historicum Mellificum. 1628. — George C. Mason, Fredericus Hoffmannus : Opus de Methodo Medendi. 1668. — George C. Mason. Kerry's Bible. \6o%.—Mrs.J. H. Easton. [It will be noticed that the name of the donor of the Bishops' Bible is wanted. The Bible was undoubtedly presented by Mr. Johnston, who with that dislike to any prominence being given to his own name, simply entered it without alluding in any way to the source from which it was derived. The Newport Mercury, in speak- NEWFOKl\ RHODE ISLAND. 145 ing of the effort then beini;- made to atKaiicc the inUrcst of ihe Library and increase its usefuhiess, tluis niakes iiuntion of this imk edition of the Bible :] '*We are given to understand that the proprietors of the Redwood Library are making strenuous endeavors to repair the loss wliiih the Library sustained from the ravages of war, and tin dissi- pation of the choicest treasures, during the eventful period which has marked the history of the country since this Library has hocii in existence. *' Although the laudable intention of the proprietors has been only partially made known, yet several contributions of v^aluable books have already been sent in by different gentlemen of Newport. Among other presents to the Library, is a copy of the Great or Bishops' Bible, in black letter. This exceedingly scarce and valu- able copy of the Holy Scriptures was translated by the command of Royal authority, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and produced under the superintendence of Archbishop Parker, Primate of all England. As this book is one of the oldest versions of the Scrip- tures in this country, and as far as we can ascertain, the only copy of so early a date (that in the Library of Harvard College being not so old by six years) it may not be' uninteresting to give some brief account of it. The book is printed in large folio, but has unfortu- nately lost the commencement of the Old, and the latter part of the New Testament ; consequently the title-page is wanting. This de- fect, however, is abundantly supplied by the insertion of those de- vices, marks and signs, which abound in the early specimens of typography, and which sufficiently characterize the various editions which first emanated from the press. Thus we find at the end of the Pentateuch, the initials ' W. E.' for William Exon, a Bishop of Exeter ; at the end of Samuel, ' R. E.' for Richard (Cox, Bishop of) Ely, who was tutor to the pious Edward VI. The different digni- taries of the church whose initials are thus appended to the sc\ eral portions just enumerated, were the translators of those parts to which these characters are attached. The whole Bible was distrib- uted amongst fifteen persons, eight of whom were bishops, whence the Bible obtained its name. After the different parts of the trans- 146 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, lation were completed, the whole was submitted to the inspe<:tion of critics eminent for their biblical learning, and afterwards carefully examined and finished by the Archbishop himself. This worthy prelate (in opposition to the violence of party, the animosity of bigotry, and the vindictiveness of puritanical feeling which assailed him when living, nor ceased to attack him when dead, by calHng in question the validity of his ordination, and abusing his memory) devoted his time, employed his talents, and expended his means, like Richard of Bury, in maintaining in his place at Lambeth, engravers, printers and bookbinders, to produce and multiply copies of the Scriptures, in a language understood by the people, and left this proud monument of his taste, goodness and learning, to instruct the ignorant, and inform the wise. Such was the estimation in which this version of the Bible was held, that for forty years it was the one made use of in the churches. The Epistles and the Gospels in the Liturgy were continued according to the bishop's translation for nearly a hundred years afterwards, and the Psalter in the Liturgy of the Church of England, and the Episcopal Church of this country, is the same to this day, as that in the church version of the Bishops' Bible. In addition to this Psalter, there is also another version of the Psalms in Roman characters, purporting to have been made more directly from the' Hebrew ; this however seems to be inferior to the former in many respects. The Archbishop, as if anticipating the devastations of the times, or duly impressed with the truth of the; motto of his armorial bearings, Mundus transit, has by various devices supplied that information which the title-page and preface would have furnished ; by these means he has proved to us the identity of the edition, and secured to himself the glory of having produced it. The initial letter of the Preface, ' into the New Testa- ment ' is inserted on his own shield, which bears Gules three keys erect, arms which he acquired from his father. On the garter which surrounds the shield, are inserted ' M.' on one side, and ' P.' on the other, for Matthew Parker. At the bottom of the arms outside the garter, stands divided, the year 15-72, in which this great work was produced, and under the foot of the great ' T.' is a curious inter- lacing of ciphers, which by the few additional strokes which are connected with the letter * M.^ distinctly conveys the Archbishop's NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 147 Christian and surname. The title-page of the New Testament, which is without date, is a highly ornamented emblematical engrav- ing in wood, adorned with figures of Faith and Charity ; the royal arms of Elizabeth ingeniously supply the place of Hope. At the lower part of the page is a tablet, with the supporters of the Tudor arms on each side, containing a quotation from Romans. ** Most of the books of the Old Testament are adorned with an illustrative design furnished by the various subjects of the book which contains it, and several maps are introduced, which, though rude, are tolerably accurate. The map preceding the Epistle to the Romans is called, ' The Cart Cosmographie of the peregrinations or journey of Sainte Paul.' There are likewise several useful tables of contemporary * Empcrours, Kynges, and Deputies^ with the tymes and years, and how long eveiy Ernperour rayned, as set foorth for the better instruction of the gentle reader.' The initial letter of each chapter is generally an ornamental capital, sometimes fancifully de- signed, and sometimes the subject is drawn from the heathen mythology ; thus in one place we see Pan figuring away with his pipes ; in another Venus before Jupiter, and in a third, Neptune gliding over the ocean, Ciirruqne volans dat lor a secnndo. There are likewise several prologomena, numerous marginal explanaHons and references. The chapters are subdivided by the first letters of the alphabet, which are put on the margin after the manner of Car- dinal Hugo, who first divided the Bible into chapters ; it also observes the division of the chapters into verses, as first practiced by Robert Stephens of Paris. To the Psalms is prefixed the pro- logue of Saint Basil the Great, to this beautiful portion of Scripture. The translation, though in some respects different from that of the authorized version, is, for |:he most part very similar, and shows how little was left to be done by the translators of King James's Bible ; the variations are principally verbal, as the ' Songues ' of Solomon is headed, ' The Ballet of Ballettes of Solomon &c^ " This valuable acquisition to the Library, is the gift of a gentle- man of Newport, who met with it in New York, in a manner as sin- gular as unexpected. By thus presenting it to the Library, he has safely deposited it where it will be accessible to the scholar, the divine, or whoever takes an interest in inve.stigating truth. Need we 148 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, call on others to do likewise? We are aware that there are in the town many old books, which, though comparatively useless to their present possessors, would be exceedingly valuable were they added to those works with which they are naturally connected, and put within the reach of the curious inquirer. We understand that the intention of the proprietors, to make the Institution not only worthy of the town, but of the country, and commensurate with the ad- vanced spirit of the age, the progress of science, and the march of intellect, has been highly approved of. It remains with the public to second these laudable endeavors." September 24, 1835. At the annual meeting, the Treasurer re- ported that the expenditures of the preceding year had amounted to ;^ 192.07^, as follows, viz.: Books, etc., . . $"^9 75 Repairs on fence, . . 107 66 Binding books. . 8 61 Advertising, etc., . • 5 00 Postage, . I 12^ Librarian's salary, . 40 00 Commissions for cc )llecting, . 9 93 $\g2 07 >^ Balance on hand, . . « • • . ^34 86>^ [Mr. Robert Rogers, who had some time before retired from his active duties connected with the Library, now sent in his resignation as a Director.] Sir : My advanced age and feeble state of health remind n e that my continuance as a Director of the Redwood Library is incompat- able with its interests, being fully sensible that its important con- cerns can be entrusted to more effective and energetic officers, who will, or ought to appropriate their more youthful powers to promote NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 149 the interest of so valuable an Institution. You will please signify to the proprietors at their annual meeting that I decline a re-elec- tion ; but with ardent wishes for its continued increase and pros- perity. Your obedient servant, Robert Rogers. Tuesday, 23d September, 1834. To Geo. G. King, Esq. January 9, 1835. Voted : That the Secretary cause the deed of the Redwood estate, recently received from Mr. Abraham Red- wood to be recorded ; and that the Secretary extend to Mr. Redwood the thanks of the Company for the above gift. In April the Secretary made the following entry : " By directions from a majority of the Directors, I informed Robert Walsh, Esq., of Philadelphia, that he was admitted to the use of the Library during his residence in Newport. Mr. Walsh returned his thanks for the privilege, and accepted the same. " Geo. G. King, " Secretary.'' July 14, 1835. The Secretary presented the following communi- cation from Robert Johnston, Esq., in relation to the donation of books by the King of England to the Company : Newport, Rhode Island, June 23, 1835. To the President and Directors of the Redwood Library. Gentlemen : I beg leave to send you the Public Records of England, in 84 volumes, which have been obtained for the Redwood Library from the Lords Commissioners and the Lord Chancellor Lyndhurst, in consequence of my application to them, through the medium of my friend and agent, Thomas Bland, Esq., 43 Bedford Row, London. I50 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Annexed is a copy of the letter of C. P. Cooper, Esq., Secretary of the Record Board, and an extract from Mr. Bland's communica- tion to me on the subject, also a catalogue of the books, drawn up by Mr. Walker, and published in the Newport Mercury^ which con- tains a complete list of the works. With every respect, I am, gentlemen, Your obedient servant, Robert Johnston. Extract from Mr. Bland's letter to R. Johnston : 43 Bedford Row, London, 23d February, 1835, My dear Sir : I am in receipt of your letter of the 9th of January, and hasten to answer it. Having read the papers relating to the desired present from the British Government to the Redwood Library, of the Publications of the Records Commissioners, I called on Mr. Rich and explained the matter to him. He informed me that Mr. Cooper, the Secretary, had applied to him for the names of some of the principal Libra- ries in the United States, as the King contemplated presenting the works in question to some of them. Mr. Rich accordingly sent a list of twenty, and was not a little surprised to find that each was to have the same present. Under these circumstances, the request for further copies of the works appeared a little unreasonable. How- ever, I went with your letter to Lord Lyndhurst, and with the letter addressed to the Commissioners, to Mr. Cooper. I also called on Mr. Cooper, and pressed the matter as much as I could, when he promised to lay your and my letter before the Board that very day. The next morning I saw Mr. Cooper, and he assured me that in about a fortnight I should have an official letter, stating that a copy of each publication of the Commission remaining in print, should be as soon as possible at my disposal for the Redwood Library. He added that the present was not from the Commissioners, but from the King, whose order must be obtained. When I get the works I will forward them to the care of Aymar & Co. As soon NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 151 as I get a list of the works I will let you have it, for your catalogue. Domesday Book and Rymer's Foedera are I fear out of print. A day or two since I received a note from Lord Lyndhurst, requesting me to see his Secretary, Mr. Winslow, from whom I also had a communication. On seeing Mr. Winslow, he stated that •he had Lord Lyndhurst's instructions to do all that was possible to insure the accomplishment of your object. I of course reHeved him of further trouble, stating what had passed with Mr. Cooper. Mr. Winslow asked if Lord Lyndhurst should answer your letter. I begged him to ask his Lordship to do so, and offered to forward the letter ; this he promised to do. I am exceedingly pleased at having been thus successful. I have kept this letter for a day or two, and can now enclose a letter from the Secretary to the Record Board. With kind regards, etc., T. Bland. K. Johnston, Esq , Newport, R. I. New Boswell Court, Lincoln's Inn, February 23, 1835. Sir: I have the pleasure to inform you that the Record Board . have directed a set of their publications to be forwarded to the Redwood Library, in compliance with Mr. Johnston's letter. I am sir, Your obedient, humble servant, C. P. Cooper. Thomas Bland, Esq., 43 Bedford Row, London. The following is Mr. Walker's communication to the Newport Mercury, referred to in Mr. Johnston's letter : . " Magnificent Donation of Books, by the King of England to the Redwood Library and Athenaeum in this Town. " We have much pleasure in announcing the safe arrival of the munificent donation of books by the King of England to the Red- 152 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, wood Library in this town. The whole collection, which is the largest, we believe, that has been sent to this country, amounts to eighty-four volumes, of which seventy-two are large folios and twelve octavos. The entire set has been nearly thirty-five years in the course of publication, and from the great demand for the dif- ferent works of which it is composed, many of them have become exceedingly scarce, and some of them are now out of print. The reprinting of these valuable documents of history, law and govern- ment was occasioned by an address of the British House of Com- mons to George III. in 1800, requesting his Majesty to give direc- tions for the better preservation, arrangement, and more convenient use of the PubUc Records of the Kingdom. In this address they promised, that they would cheerfully make good whatever extraor- dinary expenses might be incurred by the direction of the King. " A commission composed of the celebrated William Pitt, and other eminent characters of the day, and subsequently of Fox, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Canning, Earl Spencer, Mackin- tosh, etc., was accordingly appointed. The King's printers were put in requisition, and the cost, amounted to about ;^I200 for each set. Of the manner, and fidelity with which the command of the King, whose example has been nobly emulated by his son George IV. and William IV. has been performed, we shall have occasion to speak in a future article ; for the present we must content our- selves with giving merely a list of the works : " Works presented by order of King William and Queen Victoria of England. Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland. 11 vols., folio. 1814-24. (Vol. I. wanting.) Ancient Laws and Institutes of England. Folio. 1840. Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales. Folio. 1841. Ancient Kalendars and Inventories of the Treasury of his Majesty's Exchequer. 3 vols., 8vo. 1836. Calendarium Inquisitionum post Mortem. 4 vols., folio. 1806-28. Calendars of the Proceedings in Chancery. 3 vols., folio. 1827. Catalogue of the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum. 4 vols., folio. 1808-12. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 153 Catalogue of the Lansdowne Manuscripts in the British Museum. Folio. 1 8 19. Documents and Records illustrating the History of Scotland. Vol. L, 8vo. 1837. Domesday Book. 4 vols., folio. 1783. Ducatus Lancastriae. A Calendar to Pleadings, etc. 3 vols., folk). 1823-34. Excerpta e Rotulis Finium. 2 vols., 8vo. 1835-36. Fines, sive Pedes Finium. Vol. I., 8vo. 1835. Foedera, Conventiones, Litterae, etc. 6 vols., folio. 1816-30. General Report of the Commissioners on Public Records. Folio. 1837. Inquisitionum in Officio Rotulorum Cancellarise Hiberniae Reper- torium. 2 v^ols., folio. 1826. Inquisitionum Retornatarum Abbreviatio. 3 vols., folio. 1 8 1 1-16. Nonarum Inquisitiones. Folio. 1807. Parliamentary Writs. 4 vols., folio. 1827-34. Placita de quo Warranto. Folio. 1818. Placitorum Abbreviatio. Folio. 181 1. Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privy Council of England. 7vols., 8vo. 1834-37. Record of Caernarvon. Folio. 1838. Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scotorum. Folio. 18 18. RotuH Rotu Rotuli de Oblatis et Finibus. 8vo. 1835, Rotul Chartarum. Vol. I., pars i, foHo. 1837. Curiae Regis. 2 vols., 8vo. 1835. Hundredorum. 2 vols., folio. 1 812. RotuH Litterarum Clausarum. Vol. I., foHo. 1833. Rotuli Litterarum Patentium. Vol. I., pars i, folio. 1835. Rotuli Normanniae. Vol. I., 8vo. 1835. RotuH Scotia. 2 vols., folio. 18 14. Rotuli Selecti ad Res Anglicas et Hibernicas Spectantes. 8vo. 1834. Rotulorum Originalium Abbreviatio. 2 vols., folio. 1 805. Rotulorum Patentium et Clausorum Cancellariae Hiberniae Cal- endarium. Vol. I., pars i, folio. 1828. Rotulus Cancellarii. 8vo. 1833. II 154 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Rotulus Magnus Pipae. 8vo. 1833. Sir H. Ellis's Introduction and Indexes to Domesday. 2 vols., 8vo. • 1833. Statutes of the Realm. 9 vols. With an Alphabetical and Chronological Index, i vol. each, folio. 1810-22. Testa de Nerill ; sive, Liber Fcedorum. Folio. 1807. Valor Ecclesiasticus. 6 vols., folio. 1810-34." Voted : That the thanks of the Company be presented to Robert Johnston, Esq., for his agency in procuring the donation of the Public Records of England ; and that the Secretary be a committee to confer with him on the subject of presenting a suitable acknowl- edgment therefor to the donor. Voted: That the interest which Robert Johnston, Esq., has taken in this Institution, as exhibited not only in this recent instance of successful effort in its favor, but on other occasions, and in the dona- tion of valuable books, etc., previously procured by him for the use of this Company, entitles him to our thanks, and to the gratitude of the friends of liberal institutions. Voted : That the Secretary communicate to him this expression of our consideration for his services. The Secretary also presented a communication from Dr. Moore, on the admission of Life Membership of the Company ; the con- sideration of which was postponed to the annual meeting. Voted : That the Librarian be authorized to appoint a Deputy Librarian. Voted : That Dr. Channing be admitted to the use of the Library during his residence in Newport. September 30, 1835. Annual meeting. President. — David King. Directors, — Audley Clarke, Benjamin Hazard, Richard K. Ran- dolph, Charles Whitefield, and Samuel Barker. Purchasing Committee. — Theophilus C. Dunn, Robert Johnston, NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 155 Adam S. Coe, Nathaniel S. Ruggles, Thomas Breese and Robert P. Lee. Secretary and Treasurer. — George G. King. Voted: That the following gentlemen be elected Honorary Mem- bers of this Institution, with the same privileges in the Library as those enjoyed by the other members, viz. : Lord Lyndhurst, Henry Agar Ellis, J. C. Cooper, Duke of North- umberland, Thomas Bland, of England. Baron Hottinguer,^ Dr. Edwards [W. F.], of Paris. William Redwood, of Philadelphia. Charles B. King, of Washington. September 28, 1836. The following letter from the President was read, received and ordered to be recorded : To the Company of the Redwood Library and Athenceum. Gentlemen : The state of my health rendering me unable to discharge the duties incumbent upon me in the situation I now hold as President of your Institution, I take this opportunity to resign the same and to decline any further nomination to that office. With my warmest thanks for the regard which by this appoint- ment on previous occasions you have been pleased to manifest towards me, and with the strongest wishes for the continued and in- creasing prosperity and usefulness of the Institution, I have the honor to be Your obedient servant, David King.^^ Newport, September 28, 1836. ^ Baron Hottinguer was a Paris banker. His interest in the Redwood Library grew out of his marriage to Martha Redwood, a descendant of Abraham Redwood and Martha Coggeshall, his wife. ^■^ Dr. David King, born at Raynham, Mass., in 1774, entered Rhode Island College, under President Manning, in 1792, and graduated under 156 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Voted: That the thanks of this Corporation be communicated by the Directors to Dr. David King, for his long and faithful ser- vices to this Institution. The following officers were elected : President. — Audley Clarke. Directors. — Benjamin Hazard, Richard K. Randolph, Charles Whitfield, Samuel Barker, and George G. King. Purchasing Committee. — Adam S. Coe, Nathaniel S. Ruggles, Thomas Breese, Robert P. Lee, David M. Coggeshall, and Joseph Martin. Secretary. — George G. King. Treasurer. — William A. Barber. Resolved : That the vote heretofore passed, authorizing the clergy to lake books out of the Library, is hereby repealed. President Maxey, in 1796. He studied medicine under Dr. James Thatcher, of Plymouth, Mass., whose known experience and professional skill commanded an extensive practice. Well-grounded in his profession, Dr. King came to Newport in 1799, and made it known that he intended to settle here. Dr. Isaac Senter had just died, and his library — a choice one for those days, and enriched with the manuscript lectures of Ashley Cooper and others — came into the pos- session of Dr. King. He was early interested in the discovery of Jenner, and while facing popular prejudice, in 1800, vaccinated the first person vaccinated in Rhode Island. He was an active member of the Rhode Island Medical Society, and held the offices of Censor, Vice-President and President. He also took a prominent part in the establishing of public schools in Newport, and served as a member of the School Committee. He was equally earnest in establishing the "Union Sunday-school;" and the name of his son Edward, then twelve years of age, was the first entry on the rolls, when a call for pupils was made. And these Annals show how deep an interest he took in the Redwood Library ; from the time that an effort was made, in 1810, to put it upon a better footing, until his health failed to a degree that made it necessary for him to resign his office as President. He was stricken with paralysis in 1834, and gradually failed until November 14, 1836, when he died. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 157 A letter from J. G. Hottinguer, of Paris, was read, returning thanks in behalf of his father, Baron Hottinguer, for the attention bestowed on him in appointing him an honorary member of the Institution, and in his behalf offering a contribution of one thousand francs towards the restoration of the building; which sum the Treasurer was authorized to receive and place in the savings bank of this town. The Directors and Robert Johnston, Esq., were ap- pointed a committee to answer the letter of Mons. Hottinguer, and return him the thanks of the Company for the above donation. Mr. Whitfield stated that he had taken possession of the Red- wood house in April last, and had rented it at the rate of twenty dollars per annum. Voted : That application be made to the General Assembly, for such alteration of the charter as that fifteen members shall consti- tute a quorum for the transaction of business. Voted : That the Directors be authorized in their discretion, to procure a case for the Public Records of England. William A. Barber was elected Librarian. ^ February 3, 1837. Voted: That Mr. Whitfield be a committee to ascertain the expense of repairing the windows, and such other parts of the Library as need repairs, and report to the Directors. January 4, 1838. Charles B. King, of Washington, having pre- sented to the Company a portrait of Columbus, it was voted : That the Secretary return him the thanks of this Board for his valuable donation. June 7, 1838. The thanks of the Board were presented to Richard R. Ward, Esq., of New York, for his donation to the Library, of the " Antiquitates Americanae." Voted : That Prof. Tucker be admitted to the use of the Library during his residence here, and that the Secretary notify him accord- ingly. The Librarian was directed to inform Miss Gibbs that the 158 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Directors' room is required for the use of the Library, and to request her to cause the books now deposited there, belonging to the estate of George Gibbs, to be removed. September 26, 1838. Voted: That the "Redwood Estate," in Spring Street, belonging to the Company, be sold at auction, or otherwise, and on such terms as the Directors may order ; and that the President and Directors be empowered to give and execute a deed of the same, and affix the seal of the Company thereto. Voted : That Henry Middleton, and others who have purchased shares in the Institution since the last annual meeting, be admitted members thereof July 23, 1839. It appearing that Samuel Whitehorne, Stephen A. Robinson, and Mary Anthony, have transferred their shares ; voted : That the Secretary issue certificates to George Cozzens, Alexander M. McGregor, and Noah White, to whom said shares have been transferred. The Secretary was also to issue certificates to Rowden C. J. Weston, Henry E. Turner, and Charles Mason, who had be- come owners of shares. Henry Paul Beck, of Philadelphia, having purchased a share for twenty-five dollars, he was also elected a member. September 25, 1839. Voted: That the Librarian hereafter make a quarterly report to the Directors, of the books which he shall ascertain to be missing from the Library. Voted : That George G. King be a committee to invest the money received on account of the Redwood estate, and also the amount now on deposit in the savings bank, to the credit of this Institution. October 8, 1839. C- E. Robbins, Charles Whitfield, and George G. King were instructed to make a new arrangement, and a new catalogue of the books in the Library. Voted : That Mr. King be a committee to receive from the ex- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 159 ecutor of Hon. C. G. Champlin,^*" the donation of books by him given to the Institution, and that the same be recorded in the book of donations. September 30, 1840. Voted: That the following be adopted as permanent Rules and Regulations : 1. At every quarterly meeting of the Directors, the Librarian shall make a true return, in Writing, of all fines received during the pre- vious quarter, and of all fines incurred and not received, and the measures taken by him for their collection. 2. The Directors, at least once a month, shall cause the Libra- rian's books to be strictly examined, and shall see that he makes faithful entries of all books taken out, and of all those that are re- turned ; with the time of taking and returning ; and of all fines in- curred by the detention or abuse of any of the books, or for any breach of the laws of which it is his duty to take notice. 3. All books purchased for, or presented to the Library, shall be immediately placed therein ; and for every day's detention of any such books therefrom, either by the Librarian or by any other per- son, Avith his knowledge, the Librarian shall be held responsible, and shall pay twenty-five cents as a fine therefor. For each and every other breach of his duty, the Librarian shall pay ten cents ; and all fines incurred by him shall be deducted out of his pay. The num- bers of reviews and magazines, or other books, and all pam- phlets, shall be deemed to be books for the purposes of these reso- lutions. 4. No book shall be taken out of the Library for the use of any '"• Mr. Champlin had died in March of that year. He was the only son of Christopher Champlin, was born in Newport, April 12, 1768, and graduated at Harvard College. He was a Representative in Congress from Rhode Island, in 1796, and a United States Senator in 1809. His wife was Martha Ellery, daughter of Benjamin EUery and granddaughter of Abraham Redwood. The books above referred to numbered thirty- seven volumes, to which number Mrs. Champlin added fourteen volumes. Mr. Champlin also bequeathed to the Library one hundred dollars. i6o ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, boarding-house ; and for each and every breach of this rule the offender shall pay a fine of one dollar ; and shall be denied the use of the Library for the space of six months. January 7, 184T. Voted: That a certificate be issued to John Ward, he having purchased the share of Samuel Ward. June 18, 1 841. Voted: That the Secretary be authorized to trans- fer to James Barker a share in the Company^ for his note for twenty- five dollars ; with the understanding that said note shall be can- celled on the reconveyance to the Company of said share by said Barker. Voted : That said James Barker, on so becoming a member of the Company, be appointed Librarian, with a salary of forty- two dollars per annum, with the usual perquisites.^"^ September 27, 1841. The share of David King, deceased, having been transferred to David King, the Secretary was directed to issue a new certificate to David King. September 29, 1841. John Ward, James Barker and David King were admitted members. The following officers were elected : President. — Audley Clarke. Directors. — Richard K. Randolph, Charles Whitfield, Robert J. Taylor, David King and Edward W. Lawton. Purchasing Committee. — Robert P. Lee, Henry E. Turner, Joseph B. Weaver, Isaac Stevens, Nathan H. Gould, George G. King. Secretary. — -Robert J. Taylor. Treasurer and Librarian. — James Barker. October 13, 1841. Voted: That Robert J. Taylor and David King be a committee to prepare and have printed a catalogue of the books in the Library, and Dr. King was requested to pre- "^ The "perquisites" were the privilege of cutting and selling the grass in the Library yard, on the Librarian's own account. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. i6i pare an historical sketch of the Library, to be affixed to the cata- logue.^''' February 8, 1842. Voted: That the Secretary have certificates and blanks printed, to the amount of five dollars ; and that the Librarian have the reviews bound for the present in Boston. Voted : That the Secretary issue new certificates to James M. Sherman, Christopher G, Perry, Peleg Clarke, William A. Clarke, John Stevens, Thomas B. Sherman, Charles E. Bell, James L. Mason, and Zenas L. Hammond. July 21, 1842. Voted : That the Treasurer be directed to sign a premium note in behalf of this Corporation, as mortgagee of Clark Burdick, who wished to renew a policy of insurance, issued by the Providence Mutual Insurance Company, on a house belonging to him in Thames Street ; which house is mortgaged as security for money due to this Company, and that said Burdick be required to assign the policy, for its further security. September 28, 1842. Dr. King, Moderator. C. G. Perry, Peleg Clarke, William A. Clarke, Charles E. Bell, Zenas L. Hammond, J. Stevens, Thomas B. Buffum, J. L. Mason, James M. Sherman, S. H. Cottrell, Thomas B. Sherman, were ad- mitted members of the Corporation. The Rules and Regulations adopted at the annual meeting, 1 840, were repealed. The Librarian was directed to put up a notice in the Library of the receipt of the reviews; and also to cause a copy of the Treasurer's account to be put up in a conspicuous place in the Library. Voted : That the Secretary, with C. G. Perry, be a committee to present the thanks of the Corporation to N. H. Gould and William ^°^ The preparation of the catalogue was delayed, and it was not printed until i860. 1 62 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, A. Clarke, for donations of books ; and to the committee and Mr. Prioleau for their services in taking the catalogue. Voted : That the Purchasing Committee be directed to purchase with the donation of the late Hon. C. G. Champlin, viz., one hundred dollars, some valuable standard works, and that the same be called the " Champlin Donation." Voted : That the Treasurer be authorized to receive 25 cents for each catalogue, when they are ready for delivery. February 21, 1843. Voted: That the Secretary be directed to write to one of our members of Congress,^"* for copies of Congres- *°* The Secretary, Mr, Robert J. Taylor, immediately wrote to Hon. Robert B. Cranston, Representative from Rhode Island, on the subject, who made application to the Department of State, and received the fol- lowing reply : Department of State, March i, 1843. Hon. Robert B. Cranston, House of Representatives. Sir: The letter of Robert J. Taylor, Esq., left by you at the Depart- ment, has been referred to the Secretary of- the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives — the resolution of Congress directing that distribution of the American State Papers, making it the duty of those officers to distribute the work. I have the honor to be, Sir, your obedient servant, Daniel Webster. Office of the Secretary of the Senate, U. S. March 2, 1843. Sir: In reference to the letter of inquiry from Robert J. Taylor, Esq., Sec- retary of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, I can only state that the joint resolution for the distribution of the American State Papers, pub- lished by Gales & Seaton, limited the number of copies to be distributed to colleges, etc., to 69, which number has long since been distributed to NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 163 sional documents, ordered to be distributed to public libraries and athenaeums by an Act of Congress. Voted : That Dr. David King be authorized to send copies of the Catalogue to such institutions and persons as he may think, proper. The clergy of the town were to be allowed the use of the Library, by invitation of the Directors. August 26, 1843. It was stated at the Board, that Mr. Charles B. King had offered to present to the Library ;^ioo, provided that the Library will raise $100; the whole to be devoted to increasing the Library. It was Voted : That a subscription be opened immediately, and the Sec- retary was directed to prepare a suitable paper. Dr. King was directed to have the wall between the cornice and the tops of the book-cases, painted or papered, as he might think best. September 27, 1843. Annual meeting. Audley Clarke, Moder- ator. Voted : That Augustus N. Littlefield, Thomas Williams and William Ennis be admitted members. Officers elected were : President. — Audley Clarke. Directors. — Charles Gyles, Charles Whitfield, David King, C. G. Perry, and R. J. Taylor. Purchasing Committee. — Nathan H. Gould, George B. King, Wil- liam A. Clarke, Benjamin B. Howland, William Ennis. the principal colleges in the several States, in a due proportion for each State according to representation in Congress. I have the honor to be, Sir, your obedient servant, A. DiCKINS. Hon. Robert B. Cranston, House of Representatives, U. S. 1 64 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Secretary. — Robert J. Taylor. Treasurer and Libn^arian. — James Barker. Voted : That the thanks of the Company be presented to Mr. Charles B. King, for his liberal donation of ;^ioo. Voted : That the Directors be requested to consider the expe- diency of insuring the books and the building, and to have it done if they think well of it. And also as to putting a chimney ^^ to the building. Voted : That trees be set in front of. the lot, on Bellevue Street.^"' The following was passed : Whereas : It has been the practice of our predecessors, from time to time, to associate such persons with themselves as Honorary Members of this Institution as they deem an honor to it, we there- fore hereby elect the following gentlemen such Honorary Mem- bers, viz. : Chancellor James Kent. Judah Touro, Esq., of New Orleans. R. JD. Shepard, Esq., of New Orleans. Charles B. King, of Washington, D. C. Rev. Salmon Wheaton, D.D., of Johnstown, N. Y. Prof Benjamin Silliman, of New Haven. Col. Arthur P. Hayne, of South Carolina. Francis R. Weston, of South Carolina. October 7, 1843. The Secretary and Mr. Whitfield were directed to procure insurance on the Library building, not exceeding ;^2000, and also ;^2000 on the books ; the books being valued at ;^4000. *"^ There was no other way of warming the Library in winter, than by a stove, with the pipe running out of a window. ^^ To the late Robert Johnston the Library was indebted for the superb fern-leaf beech that adorns the ground, and is an ornament to the whole neighborhood. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 165 The subject of erecting a chimney came up, and after some dis- cussion was laid on the table. December 12, 1843. -Voted: That J. E. Dawley be permitted to subscribe to the Library, at $^ per annum, according to the Regu- lations. Voted : That the thanks of the Company be presented to Mr. Charles B. King, for the portrait of Governor Coddington,^"^ painted by him and presented to the Library. Dr. Perry was to procure a frame for the portrait, and to pay the expense of transportation. Dr. Perry was to pay Miss Jane Stuart dollars, for mate- rials for her intended portrait of Rev. John Callender. The Naturalists' Library, for the future, was not to be taken from the Library, except by permission of a Director. The following letter was read : New Orleans, November 27, 1843. Robert J. Taylor, Secretary of the Redwood Library and Athenceum Company, Newport. Sir : I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 17th ult, conveying to me a vote of the Redwood Library and Athe- naeum Company, admitting me as an honorary member of that In- stitution. I have long since declined honors of any kind from my fellow- men ; but in this case, coming from the place of my birth, a place ever dear to me, I accept the honor of membership ; with an assur- ance to you of my sincere wishes for the prosperity of the Redwood Library, and of the town of Newport. Sometime since I learned from my friend, R. D. Shepard, that the portico of the building of the Library was in a rather dilapidated state. It was then my intention to have made a donation for the pur- ^"^ The portrait is a copy of the original of Governor Coddington, now owned by the city, and hanging in the City Hall. i66 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, pose of aiding in repairing it, and I now have much pleasure in ful- fiUing that intention, by herewith annexing you a check on the Atlas Bank in Boston for one thousand dollars, which the Company will please receive and appropriate to that purpose — or any other purpose they may deem most useful for the interest of the Library. I have also been informed of the defective state of the sidewalk from the head of Touro Street to the Library ; it would be pleasing to me to know that the same were put in good order, by having the sidewalks flagged and curbed, and the street graded. If the Com- pany will undertake to have it done in a plain, substantial mariner, I will with pleasure pay the cost, on being apprized of its amount. I will be much obliged to you for not giving any publicity to the above communication, and remain. Very respectfully Your obedient servant, J. Touro. The following resolutions were adopted unanimously : The Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, having received from Judah Touro, Esq., of New Orleans, a very munifi- cent testimony of the liberal and devoted attachment with which he regards the Institution and welfare of his native town, unanimously adopt the following resolutions : Resolved : That the thanks of this Board, and through them of the Redwood Library and Athen^um, be presented to Mr. Touro, for his late most-acceptable and well-applied donation, by which one thousand dollars is appropriated by him to the repairs of the build- ing in which the Library is kept. Resolved : That it is by the example of citizens like Mr. Touro, who in distant lands, and in the multitude and absorbing avocations of trade, forget not the time-honored institutions of their native Stale, that the welfare of our Hterary establishments is most highly promoted ; not only by the acts of munificence themselves, but by NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 167 awakening and stimulating the attention of our resident citizens, to the deserving institutions that have called them forth. Resolved : That the Secretary of the Board cause a copy of these resolutions to be sent to Mr. Touro. Resolved : That Messrs. Whitfield and Perry and the Secretary, be a committee to recommend the most proper plan for repairing the building in a manner worthy of the Institution and the liberality of Mr. Touro; and that they also confer with the proper authori- ties of the town, respecting the repairs of the street, and to carry out the wishes of Mr. Touro regarding the same. The committee to report January 3, 1844. January 3, 1844. Voted: That the hewn stone used in repairing the portico shall be freestone. A communication was read from Mr. R. P. Lee, stating that for the better protection of the building from fire, he had, at the request of Mr. Charles B. King, of Washington, D. C, prepared two ladders, and that the expense of them would be about ;^I5. Voted : That the bill for making the ladders be paid by the Treasurer, and the ladders be placed in the Library. Special meeting. March 26, 1844. Mr. Charles Gyles, Mod- erator. The death of Audley Clarke, Esq.,'"^ having been announced, it was Resolved : That the members of this corporation unite with the great body of their fellow-citizens in lamenting the death of Audley Clarke, Esq., late President of the Redwood Library and Athe- ^°' Audley Clarke. Amiable in disposition, affable in manners and without reproach as a man of business ; was elected a Representative to the General Assembly, in 1813, served five terms, and in 1816 was sent to the State Senate. For twenty-five years he was President of the Bank of Rhode Island, and held that position at the time of his death. i68 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, naeum, as depriving us of the services and example of an upright and valuable citizen, who, in whatever situation he was placed, ful- filled with unvarying fidelity all the duties of life. Resolved : That we hold in grateful recollection the interest at all times manifested by our late President in the prosperity of this In- stitution, and that we honor him for the uniform kindness, good sense and urbanity with which he performed the duties of the office to which the unanimous suffrage of this Company repeatedly called him. Resolved : That these resolutions be entered by the Secretary in the books of this Company, and that Dr. C. G. Perry be a commit- tee to communicate a copy thereof to the family of Mr. Clarke. Mr. George G. King was unanimously elected President until the annual meeting in September. Voted : That the subject of an increase of the number of shares be referred to a committee, consisting of the President, Mr. Dutee J. Pearce and the Secretary ; to report at the annual meeting. September 25, 1844. Annual meeting. The following persons were admitted members of the corporation : Benjamin A. Mason,, Walter Nichols, W. F. De Jongh, Ralph Lockwood, WiUiam Gilpin. The following officers were elected : President. — George G. King. Directors. — Charles Gyles, Charles Whitfield, David King, Chris. G. Perry, and Nathaniel S. Ruggles. Purchasing Committee. — William A. Clarke, B. B. Rowland, John H. GilHat, WiUiam Ennis, William Hunter, D. M. Coggeshall. Treasurer. — James Barker. Secretary. — R. J. Taylor. May 27, 1845. The Secretary was instructed to transmit to Au- gustus Thorndike, Esq., an acknowledgment of the receipt of the "Arts et Metiers " and other books, presented by him to this Institu- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 169 tion on the 21st inst., accompanied with our thanks for this very- acceptable donation. The Secretary was also to communicate to Mr. Thorndike our grateful acknowledgment for the interest he has in other respects manifested in the Institution, and particularly for his aid in improv- ing the Library grounds. The Librarian was authorized to have a scuttle cut into the cellar. September 24, 1845. The Librarian was directed not to let Dr. Gallup take books from the Library, until he pays the fines now due from him to the Company. November 13, 1845. A certificate of membership was issued to Silas Ward. July 23, 1846. Share No. 68, belonging to the estate of Thomas G. Pitman, was transferred to Milton Hall, and a new certificate was issued. September 29, 1846. The following letter was read: To the Company of the Redwood Library anid AthencBum. Gentlemen : My proposed absence from town for the ensuing year will render it out of my power to discharge any longer, the duties of President of your Institution ; and I therefore take the opportunity to resign that office, and to decline a re-election. In taking leave of the Company, I beg to express my sincere thanks for the confidence they have reposed in me, and my most ardent wishes for the con- tinued and increasing prosperity of the Institution. I am, gentlemen. With great regard and respect. Your obedient servant, George G. King. Newport, September 29, 1846. 12 170 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, At the annual meeting Hon. William Hunter was elected Presi- dent to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr. King. January 2J, 1847. The Treasurer was authorized to hire from the Merchants' Bank, a sufficient sum of money to pay the outstanding bills, and that he take up the note so given, when the money is paid by Mr. Burdick. [Purchase money for the Redwood estate.] The share standing in the name of Henry Bull was directed to be transferred to Miss Phoebe C. Bull. The Secretar-y was instructed to publish semi-annually a list of the donations to the Library. Voted : That it is expedient to celebrate the centennial anniver- sary of the adoption of the charter of the Company ; that the Hon. William Hunter be requested to deliver an address on the occasion, and that the President call a special meeting of the Company to consider the subject. Voted : That hereafter all transfers of shares be made in a book for that purpose, kept by the Secretary, who must witness all such transfers. The share belonging to the estate of the late Christo- pher G. Champlin was to be transferred to Samuel Vernon. The President and Messrs. C. G. Perry and David King were ap- pointed a committee to make arrangements for the centennial cele- bration. July 22, 1847. A letter from Hon. Robert B. Cranston was received, making it known that he had given the Library 3 vol- umes of American Archives; 21 volumes of American State Papers ; 27 volumes of Congressional Debates ; and i volume, Jefferson Manual. The thanks of the Directors were tendered to Mr. Cranston for his liberal donation ; and the Secretary was directed to issue a cer- tificate of membership to him, he having become the purchaser of .share No. 52, owned by J. W. Sherman. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 171 CHAPTER VIII. 1847— 1861. REPARATIONS for a proper observance of the Centennial were at once made, and a large and appreciative audience listened with marked attention to tfie scholarly ora- tion of Mr. Hunter, and the poem prepared for the occasion by Rev. Charles T. Brooks. Following the celebration these letters passed between the Committee of Arrangements and the speakers of the day. Mr. Hunter's oration has since been published by the New- port Historical Society, and Mr. Brooks's poem, under the title of " Aquidneck," has a place in his published works : Newport, R. I., October 11, 1847. Dear Sir: At the late annual meeting of the Redwood Library and Athe- naeum, we were appointed a committee to communicate to you the subjoined resolutions, expressing its sense of the value of your dis- course at the Centennial Celebration of the enactment of its Charter, August 24, 1847, and to request a copy for the press. In making this communication and request, as we now do, it gives us pleasure to conform not only to the directions of the Company in this re- spect, but to the very general desire manifested by our citizens, to obtain your consent to its early publication. We are with great regard and respect. Your friends and fellow-citizens, C. E. ROBBINS, C. G. Perry, Edward King, N. H. Gould, William Gilpin. To Hon. William Hunter, 172 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Here followed a copy of the resolution of September 29, 1847. Messrs. Chris. E. Robbins, C. G. Perry, Edward King, N. H. Gould and William Gilpin, Esqrs. Gentlemen : I acknowledge the receipt of your polite note, as a committee appointed by the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, re- questing a copy of the discourse pronounced by me at the late Cen- tennial Celebration. I say in reply that the copy of that discourse is entirely at the service of the Company of the Redwood Library, and that with many thanks for the kind language of the resolution accom- panying your note, I remain, - Gentlemen, with sentiments of friendship and regard. Your obedient and faithful servant, William Hunter. Newport, October 12, 1847. Newport, R. L, October 11, 1847. Dear Sir : At the annual meeting of the Company of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, we were appointed a committee to communicate the subjoined resolutions, and to request a copy of the Poem delivered by you, August 24, 1847, for the press. It gives us pleasure to be the organ of the Company on this occasion, and to hope that you will find it convenient to comply with its requests. We are with great regard and respect, Your friends and fellow-citizens, C. E. Robbins, C. G. Perry, Edward King, ' N. H. Gould, William Gilpin. To Rev, Charles T. Brooks. Newport, R. I., October 11, 1847 Gentlemen : I have been highly honored and gratified by the resolutions of the Redwood Library Company, and by the very complimentary manner in which you have communicated them. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 173 The Poem which I had the pleasure of preparing for the Com- pany is at their disposal, whenever it may be called for, and the few notes which may be necessary for the explanation of names and allusions will be added immediately. I remain your obHged Friend and fellow-citizen, Charles T. Brooks. To Messrs. Chris. E. Robbins, Chris. G, Perry, Edward King. N H. Gould, William Gilpin. January 18, 1848. The share that had been held by Harriet Holt was ordered to be transferred to Augustus Bush ; and April 14th a new certificate was issued to Simon Newton, Jr., who had purchased the share of Ralph Lockwood, and one to John Williams, who had come into the possession of the share held by Isaac J. Stevens. September 27, 1848. James Barker having resigned as Librarian, Christ. E. Robbins was chosen to fill the vacancy. The Secretary was directed to prepare a letter of thanks, to be forwarded to Capt. James Barker, for his efficient and faithful service as Librarian and Treasurer. Voted : That the salary of the Librarian be ;^50 per annum, with the usual perquisites. November 25, 1848. The share belonging to the late Robert Stevens, was transferred to Francis Lawton ; and that of the late Charles Whitfield to William C. Cozzens. Resolved : That a supplementary catalogue of the books in the Library be published ; and that C. G. Perry and C. E. Robbins be a committee to arrange the books not contained in the printed cata- logue, and cause them to be published by their titles in alphabetical order. The Librarian was to open a subscription at the Library, for the purpose of defraying the expense of the catalogue, to which each proprietor was requested to contribute. 174 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, May 12, 1849. The following letter was received from the Librarian : To the President and Directors of the Redwood Library and Athe- 7iceum. Gentlemen : It being necessary under my recent appointment to remove to the city of Providence, I can no longer retain the place you were so good as to confer on me, and which has afforded me so many hours of unmixed gratification. I therefore resign the office of your Librarian, to take effect from and after this notice. With great respect and regard, Christopher E. Robbins.'"^ Newport, R. I., May 10, 1849. May 24, 1849. Mr. Augustus Bush was elected Librarian. August 9, 1849. Benjamin Newton, who had become the pur- chaser of the share held by George Cozzens, was elected a member. November 20, 1849. Mr. Thomas R. Hunter was made a mem- ber, he having purchased the share that was held by Lloyd Min- turn. [Messrs. George Hall and the Librarian were made a Committee to devise some better way to warm the building than the one on which- they had heretofore relied for that purpose ; and it resulted in building a chimney.} December 11, 1849. At a special meeting of the Directors, the following resolutions were adopted : *"* Christopher E. Robbins was the son of Hon. Asher Robbins. His father, who ably represented this State in Congress, gave much attention to his education, and he was eminently fitted to have the charge of such a library. He removed to Providence to enter upon his duties as Secre- tary of State, to which office he had been appointed. He died July 23, 1855, aged sixty-two years. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 175 Resolved : That in the recent death of Hon. WilHam Hunter,"*^ this Board is sensible of the loss of an associate who has ever ex- hibited a deep interest in the welfare of this Institution, and who, while exercising the duties of President, during the past two years, had materially promoted its progress. Resolved : That we have heard the announcement of the death of our late President, if possible, with the greater regret, because we knew that he was engaged in the composition of a great philosoph- ical work, which, if time had been spared to him for its completion, would have served to adorn the literature of the country, and to reflect honor upon Rhode Island, his native State. Resolved : That we lament the loss of a citizen distinguished by his extensive acquisitions in different departments of learning, and by successful exhibitions in various spheres of action. Eminent as a lawyer, an orator and a statesman, devoting his manhood with "" William Hunter was born in Newport, in November, 1774, and died here December 3, 1849. ^^ ^^^ the son and youngest child of Dr. William Hunter and Deborah Malbone, daughter of Godfrey Malbone, his wife. Mr. Hunter graduated at Brown University, in 1791, began the study of medicine in London, under his kinsman, the distinguished Dr. John Hunter, and relinquished it for the law, under Arthur Murphy, who was not only a learned practitioner, but also a ripe scholar, and who fostered in his pupil that love of the classics which distinguished his scholastic days. Well grounded in his profession, he returned to Newport, and at the age of twenty- one began a successful career. He ably represented his native town in the General Assembly, and was then sent to the Senate of the United States, where he was recognized as a statesman and orator. In 1834 he was appointed Charge to Brazil, which appointment was raised to a full mission in 1842. In 1844 he retired and returned to New- port. His interest in Rhode Island, and her institutions, was never allowed to flag, and to him the honor was assigned of delivering the Cen- tennial Address, at the Centennial Celebration of the Library, in 1847 5 which address, as already stated, has been published in the Newport His- toricdl Magazine. 176 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, marked sendees to his country, and to the State, of whose history he was proud, and ever exhibiting in his courtly manners, his bril- Hant conversation, his Hterary tastes, his classical eloquence — the union of the cultivated gentleman and the accomplished scholar. Resolved : That we deeply sympathize with his relatives and friends in their afflicting bereavement. Resolved : That these resolutions, signed by the President pro tern,, and the Secretary, be published in the newspapers, and that a copy of the same, as expressive of our sympathy, be transmitted to the family of the deceased. March ii, 1852. The share of Charles E. Hammett was trans- ferred to George H. Calvert. February 18, 1854. The Treasurer stated that he had received certain documents from the executors of the late Judah Touro, of New Orleans, informing him that Mr. Touro had left to this Insti- tution a legacy of three thousand dollars, accompanied with a power of attorney to be signed by some person authorized by the Board to receive the money. . Voted : That David King, President of the Institution, be author- ized to receive from the executors of the late Judah Touro, of New Orleans, the legacy bequeathed by him to the Redwood Library and Athenaeum. May 15, 1854. The transfer of shares to Andrew Robeson, from James W. Lyon, and to D. J. Gould by Isaac Gould, was approved. September 30, 1854. The Treasurer was to advertise, that the sum of three thousand dollars, left by Mr. Touro to this Institution, would be let on landed property used for agricultural purposes ; the interest to be paid semi-annually. February 21, 1850. Sarah Rowland, who had purchased the share of Thomas Oman, and John Ward, who had become the owner of Thomas Riddell's share, were admitted members. A special meeting was called for March 5th, at which time Dr. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 177 David King was elected President, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Hunter. September 21, 185 I. The Librarian reported that 103 books had been added by purchase during the preceding year, and 26 had been presented. The whole number in the Library was 6306. December 18, 185 1. The following transfers were made: Estate of Silas Ward to Benjamin Finch : estate of William Ennis to Charles D. Hammett ; Harvey Session to O. C. Turner ; Phebe C. Bull to William B. Lawrence, and Charles E. Bell to John T. Bush. [September 26, 1855. From this time the Library seems to have had a new birth, and one of the happy results of the movement then made, was the adoption of a systematic method of keeping a record of the doings of the Corporators and Directors, and their several committees. The confusion growing out of the old method — one book in which the doings of the proprietors were recorded, another for the Directors, and one for the Directors and Purchasing Com- mittee, with entries so run together and so encroaching upon each other, as to require the closest attention to sift out what was done and what was really accomplished. In this confusion there is an absence of any record of the annual meetings, from 185 i to 1855, when a new record book was opened, and from which the following facts connected with the history of the Library are drawn.] At the annual meeting, September 26, 1855 (after the election of officers and the transaction of routine business, of which, by the way, there is no entry), Mr. William C. Cozzens suggested that an earnest effort should be made " to place the Library on a more useful, popu- lar and substantial basis," and urged the advantages that would accrue from the issuing of new stock, the opening of the Library daily and increasing its attraction ; declaring it to be his belief that the sum often thousand dollars could be raised if a determined and organized effort were made to secure that amount. It resulted in 178 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, the appointing of William C. Cozzens, David King, Robert J. Taylor, Charles H. Russell, A. H. Dumont, Peleg Clarke, and Augustus Bush, a committee " to consider the best means of increasing the efficiency and enlarging the usefulness of the Library." At the adjourned meeting, October lo, 1855, the attendance was more general than had previously been known. The committee in their report, after dwelling on the importance of contributing to the growth and prosperity of the Library, went on to say they were con- vinced " that it is necessary to enlarge the Library building, to raise a fund to pay for the same, and for the purchase of all suitable modern and popular works ; to add a reading-room, and to open the Institution daily; which may be done in various ways, but the com- mittee recommend as most feasible, in their judgment, an increase of four hundred new shares, at the nominal value of twenty-five dol- lars each ; thus raising the sum of ten thousand dollars. To effect so desirable an end, it will be necessary to appeal to the philanthro- pist, as well as to those immediately interested ; presenting to them, in the form of a circular, a report of the present actual condition of the Library — its resources, its prospects and what is proposed to be effected, and asking for an unlimited subscription of shares, at the above-named price, exempt from yearly taxation on all shares save one, except when used, and pledging the subscribers that the Com- pany will not offer any more shares or stock while any of those sub- scribing for more than one share for this object may hold them, and wish to dispose of such surplus, which may be done by them in such manner as they may think best." The committee went on to say : " There are now only about one hundred proprietors of one share each ; and taking the highest rate at which any share has been sold, say twenty-five dollars, it would amount to about twenty-five hun- dred dollars. Now let us look at the other side, continued Mr. Cozzens : NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 179 The property of the Library consists of the Library building and the lot on which it stands, worth at least, ;^ 10,000 00 8000 volumes, and the collection of paintings, . . 10,000 00 Cash invested, at interest, . . . . • , • 3,000 00 Cash in hand, about, . . . . . . . 250 00 Making a total of 1^23,250 00 ** Thus it will be seen, in offering for sale four hundred shares at twenty-five dollars each, ev^ery new subscriber will get the worth of his money, besides, coming into the copartnership, they reaHze an equal share of the benefits in the property on hand ; and the original stockholders will realize with them, in the advantages of the accu- mulated resources, which the sale of four hundred new shares will produce." The report, offered by the chairman, Mr. William C. Cozzens, closes with these words : " The committee do not hesitate to recommend that immediate action be had towards accomplishing the measures projected, and respectfully submit the enclosed resolutions : first, for the amend- ment of the Charter, and second, for increasing the stock, and that committees be appointed to carry the views of the Company into* effect as soon as possible." The report of the committee was adopted, and the following reso- lutions were passed with great unanimity : " I. That it is expedient to raise the sum of ten thousand -dollars to promote the usefulness of the Institution. " 2. That Thomas R. Hunter, R. B. Cranston, and William B. Lawrence, be a committee to procure, from the General Assembly, ahiendments to the Charter, empowering the Company to elect, at their annual meetings, eleven Directors instead of five; and entitling a proprietor to vote on more than one share held by him, but re- i8o AN.VALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, stricting him to five votes, whatever the number of shares held by him. " 3. That David King, W. B. Lawrence, WiUiam C. Cozzens, A. H. Dumont, Charles H. Russell, Peleg Clarke, William S. Wet- more, and George H. Calvert, be a committee to draw up a circular exhibiting the condition and resources of the Institution, presenting the proposed plan for improving the Redwood Library and Athe- naeum, and the terms of admission to its prospective privileges." This committee was empowered to solicit subscriptions to the stock of the Company, upon the conditions of the proposed plan, to the >amount of four hundred shares, at twenty-five dollars per share. The amendments to the Charter were made by the General As- sembly of Rhode Island, at the January Sessions, 1856. A printed circular was distributed, by the committee appointed for that purpose, among the citizens and visitors of the town, in July, 1 856. The subscription was immediately opened upon the fol- lowing conditions, as presented in the circular : " I . Subscribers shall pay for the number of shares affixed to their names at the rate of twenty-five dollars per share ; provided that no part of the subscription be required unless the whole number of four hundred shares be subscribed for before the annual meeting of the Company in September, 1857. " 2. No tax shall be levied on more than one share held by each member, unless a larger number be used by such member. " 3. Each share shall entitle a member to the uses and privileges of the Library and reading room, and to the right of voting at the meetings of the Corporation, according to the provisions of the Charter and By-laws. "4. No proprietor, at the meetings of the Corporation, shall have more than five votes in his own right, however great the number of shares held by him." January 29, 1856. The Treasurer was to have the books insured NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. i8i for four thousand dollars, with two thousand dollars on the build- ing. The city was allowed to place a reservoir in the Library yard [corner of Redwood Street and Bellevue Avenue] under the direc- tion of Peleg Clarke and Augustus N, Littlefield. June 6, 1856. The subject of printing a new catalogue was brought up and indefinitely postponed. September 24, 1856. Annual meeting. The following report was made to the Corporation by Dr. David King, the President : " The law of the Corporation, which requires the Directors to make an annual report of their proceedings, and to recommend such measures as they may think advisable to the Company, is a wise pro- vision, calculated to promote the interests of the Institution. To insure, however, to the utmost their utility, these reports should be written, and recorded from year to year on the Company's books. Unfortunately, the annual statements of the Directors of this Insti- tution have, with the exception of that of the year 1854-55, been merely verbal statements, and consequently perishable. The pro- prietors of the Library are deprived of a series of reports, which, if written and recorded, would have exhibited in detail everj^ point of interest in the progress of this Institution, for upwards of one hun- dred years. " Immediately after the last annual meeting of the proprietors, the Board of Directors elected Augustus Bush as Librarian, with a salary of fifty dollars per annum, with the usual perquisites on money col- lected. At a subsequent meeting, June, 1856, they increased his salary to the rate of seventy-five dollars per annum, for the six months ending September 24, 1856. " Agreeably to instructions given by the Corporation, the Direc- tors have caused book-cases to be erected, parallel with the original cases. " The books have been examined by the Librarian within the past week, under the direction of a committee appointed by the Corpora- tion. The whole number of volumes in the Library, at the last annual report, was 7017. During the present year there have been added 118 volumes by purchase, viz., 4 quartos, 59 octavos, and 55 r82 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, duodecimos, and by donations 74 volumes. The whole number, therefore, added to the Library in the past year, is 192 volumes. The present number is 7109. " The Library during the past year has been opened from May to October, on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, from 3 to 5 p.m. ; other months, on Tuesdays and Saturdays, from 2 to 4 p.m. " The whole number of proprietors now amounts to 112. In past times there has been considerable fluctuations in the number. In 1 77 1 there were 102 proprietors; in 1 809 there were 50; in August, 1816, 94; in September, 1843, there were 103. " The Directors do not point to the increase of the Library, or to the accession of new proprietors since the last annual meeting, as the just criterion of our prosperity. They can congratulate the proprietors on the incontestable evidence of an increased public in- terest in the welfare of the Institution. The citizens of Newport, for years past, have regarded the Institution with pride, as an indi- cation in the community of refinement of taste, and of an apprecia- tion of intellectual culture. The proprietors themselves, convinced that the Library might be made more efficient as an instrument of intellectual cultivation to the public, generously adopted, at the last annual meeting, and several subsequent meetings, certain prelimi- nary measures necessary for the accomplishment of the important object, in accordance with the instructions given by the Company. Two several committees during the past year, have obtained from the Legislature of the State important amendments to the Charter ; and have drawn up and issued a circular to the public, embracing proposals for improving the Redwood Library and Athenaeum. Though no actual subscription for the new issue of shares has taken place, yet the Directors feel confident that the whole number of four hundred shares will be subscribed for before the annual meeting, in September, 1857. The committee appointed by the Corporation to issue a circular and to obtain subscriptions for shares, have, un- doubtedly, felt some embarrassment in applying for aid to men of liberality and wealth. To enable that committee to accomplish the object of their appointment, the Directors would earnestly recom- mend, as a necessary preliminary measure, a subscription by each proprietor for one share of the new issue. The sum of twenty-five NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 183 dollars is as dust in the balance, compared with the immense benefit thus accruing to the Institution, and to the individual himself. " It is rare to find an individual who does not regard a public library as a public ornament, who does not acknowledge books to be * wealth in poverty, liberty in bondage, health in sickness, society in solitude.' By a strange inconsistency in human nature, it is not rare, however, to find an individual who fails to give these two honest opinions the color and stamp of truth. " The above-proposed subscription for the purpose of enabling the Institution to meet the wants of the public, is one of those pro- per occasions on which every man's right feeling should consider it his duty and his pleasure to do his part. It is to be hoped that the remembrance of the generosity which marked the origin of the Institution, and of the numerous liberal benefactions since conferred upon it, will, instead of no action, prompt every proprietor to responsive efforts in its behalf It must be recollected that even the munificence of Redwood would not have resulted in the found- ing of a Library, unless he had the good fortune to have met with generous co-operators among our ancestors — men who on the instant subscribed upwards of ^5000, R. I. currency, for the erec- tion of a Library building. In the preface to the first catalogue of the Library, written probably by Dr. Stiles^'* and published in New- port in 1764, we find the following remarks on the origin and pur- pose of the Institution : " * The generous Abraham Redwood, Esq., of Newport, on Rhode Island, sensible of the distinguished favor whereby heaven had blessed him with an ample fortune, proposed to acknowledge it by a design which could be only the generous effect of a grateful niind, the improving the place of his residence in knowledge and virtue, that from the inhabitants some revenue of honor might return and be paid to the donor of all mercies. To accomplish this happy end, he freely and without a prompter, devoted and paid down five hun- "^ This is clearly an error. The quotation is a part of the preamble to the laws, etc., drawn up at a meeting of the Directors, March 25, 1750 — five years before Rev. Dr. Stiles came to Newport. 1 84 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, dred pounds, sterling, for purchasing a library of all arts and sciences, put under the most prudent limitation and restriction whereunto the curious impatient inquiries after resolution of doubts, and the bewildered ignorant might freely repair for discovery and demonstration to the one, and true knowledge and satisfaction to the other ; nay, to inform the mind in both, in order to reform the practice. Now to conduct this design to the best advantage, he proposed to form a Company of some of the best repute and char- acter, who might join in consultation upon the most suitable method, to bring so important a project to a happy issue ; and those gentlemen, seeing the beneficial consequences that would accrue, not only to the town, but to the confines around, in diffusing light and truth to places far and wide, came readily into the proposal ; and well knowing that nothing of that nature can be carried on without method and order, nor any society subsist without agreeing to some rules, whereunto everyone, in turn, must submit, they ob- tained from the Government a charter, by which they are incorpo- rated, and empowered in a social capacity to name their laws.' " They, the men who took a leading part in Newport in 1 747, established an institution in harmony with the political and social condition of the community of that day. This Institution, which has conferred invaluable benefits on successive generations, has de- scended to us — not merely to be preserved in its pristine state, but to be enlarged in correspondence with our improved social and political condition — to be adapted to the wants of the rising race — to the existing feelings, passions and intelligence of the age. It is to be presumed, therefore, that every proprietor who, in the lan- guage of Dr. Stiles, has any doubts to resolve, or feels, even in the slightest degree ' bewildered or ignorant on any one point in any one art or science, will with satisfaction and delight subscribe for an additional share in the Library, and contribute thus to renew and embellish this ancient fountain of truth, which for so many years, has spread abroad knowledge and virtue within our confines.' " The Directors also recommended a new catalogue of the books, to be carefully and properly made ; as a catalogue is not only an index of the condition of the Library, but of the intelligence which superintends it. They recommend that the historical preface be NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 185 brought up to the present time; the books to be alphabetically arranged, the titles to be given in full, with the size and date and place of publication. " By order and in behalf of the Directors, " David King, President. "Newport, R I., September 24, 1856." Though, in obtaining subscriptions, the Committee were aided by the well-known fact, that the existing property of the Institution possessed the value of twenty- three thousand dollars, and by the very liberal offer of Charles H. Russell, Esq.. to take one thousand dollars of the new stock, they failed to make up the required sum often thousand dollars by September, 1857. In August, 1858, the depressing effects of the financial crisis of 1857 having been suc- ceeded by a comparative state of prosperity, the subscriptions for the Library stock were resumed, and by the efforts of a sub-com- mittee, consisting of Messrs. W. C. Cozzens, William B. Lawrence, and John T. Bush, the whole stock was taken by September 20, 1858. The following is a list of the subscriptions, most of which were procured by the exertions of William C. Cozzens, Esq. : Charles H. Russell, 40. shares, . . ^1000 Edward King, . 20 « 500 William S. Wetmore, 20 « 500 Sidney Brooks, 10 << 250 James Lenox, 10 << 250 Delancey Kane, 8 (i 200 William H. King, . 8 Miss Ida Mason, . • • 50 George H. Norman, 50 W.W.Tucker, . 50 E. H. Schermerhorn, . 25 W. P. Pepper, 25 Mrs. William Gammell, 100 Mrs. Catherine L. Wolfe, 50 J. Smith Bryce, . . 50 George C. Mason, . . . . 25 F. W. Tilton and friend, 40 Miss Ellen Townsend, . ► 200 Mrs. Gardner Brewer, . • 50 Carried forward, ..... ;^26i5 364 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Brought forward, .... . . ;^26i5 L. P. Morton, . . 25 Admiral A. L. Case, .... 25 Mrs. Richard Baker, .... ... 50 Edward F. Newton, . 10 Charles Lyman, . . . 50 Henry H. Swinburne, . . . 10 ;^2785 Subscriptions on Condition that the Sum of ;^8ooo be Raised this Year (1877).. Joseph J. Cooke, . . . . . . , $\^o T. W. Higginson and others, .... 75 Henry W. Cooke, ....... 50 Subscriptions on Condition that the Whole Debt is Liquidated, VV iiiiciiii jr%.. \_/icii is.\-, .... Dr. David King, ..... ' ' 133 David King, Jr., . . . . . 100 John Foster, . . . ... ICX) Theodore W. Gibbs, lob T. Bayley Myers, 50 F. W. Tilton, . . ... 20 S. W. Macy, . . . . . 25 Subscriptions on Condition that ;^5000 is Raised. Miss Annie Hunter, ;^ioo William P. Sheffield, 100 Frederic Tompkins, . . . , . . 35 Hamilton B. Tompkins, ..... 75 October 8, 1877. Voted: That the Library be opened and NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 365 lighted on Friday evening, and the Directors be present, to receive the Essex Institute, of Salem, Mass. October 15, 1877. The subject of confining the expenditures of the Library to its income demanded, as it had long done, the closest attention of the Board. The special committee appointed at the previous meeting, to take up the matter anew, reported : The income of the Library from all sources is ;^i695,36. It is recommended that the fallowing sums be appropriated for the expenses of the Library, exclusive of salaries, for the ensuing year. Advertising, . $Z 00 Fuel, . . 54 00 Post-Office, . . 10 CX) Express. . 10 00 Printing, . 50 00 Binding, . 60 00 Newspapers, • . . 33 00 Gas, . . 30 CX) Repairs and incidentals, . 50 00 Cleaning, • • • ' • . 10 00 Interest, • • • • • • • • . 300 00 Total, $6\^ QO Balance of receipts over expenses (exclusive of salaries), ;^ioSo.36. It is recommended that no assistant be employed for the ensuing year, and that ^1080 be paid to the Librarian, with the understand- ing that an effort be made to increase the sum by private subscrip- tion, for the present year, to the amount previously paid, viz., $\200, It is further recommended that the Library be open from 10 a.m. to 6 P.M., thus closing an hour earlier than at present. 366 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, November 12, 1877. On motion of Mr. Tilton the salary of the Librarian was fixed at $\2QO. January 14, 1878. On motion of Dr. Turner, a special vote of thanks was sent to Mr. Wetmore, for the gift of book-eases, both for the large room and the Directors' room. Dr. Turner also offered the following : Resolved: That we deeply deplore the decease of our late asso- ciate, Dr. Austin L. Sands, and recognize in that afflictive dispensa- tion the rupture of relations with ourselves of the most cordial and harmonious character. Resolved : That we heartily sympathize with his bereaved family in their grief. Re.solved : That we will attend his funeral as a body, and that the President be requested to transmit to the family of the deceased a copy of these resolutions. March 11, 1878. The following resolution, offered by Dr. King, was adopted : Resolved : That the Directors of the Redwood Library institute some time during the coming summer, a loan exhibition ; and that the time and arrangement of it, and everything appertaining to the exhibition be intrusted to a committee. By a vote of the Board the whole matter was placed in the hands of Dr. King. June I, 1878. Special meeting. Governor Van Zandt offered the following resolutions, which were adopted : Whereas : The Board of Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, have heard with sorrow of the decease of Captain Augustus N. Littlefield,^** for more than twenty years a Director in ^'* Captain Littlefield was born in Newport, in 1802, and when fifteen years of age was sent to sea, as a cabin boy. He rose rapidly in his calling, and while still a young man, was placed in command of ships owned by Newport merchants — Governor Collins, the Whitehouses, and NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 367 this Institution, and industriously and intelligently devoted to its best interests ; therefore, Resolved : That the Board desire to express their high apprecia- tion of his services and character as a citizen and a man, and to spread upon the record the memory of his generous benefactions and labors to promote the usefulness of the Institution. Resolved : That the Board of Directors will attend his funeral, and the Secretary is requested to forward a copy of these resolu- tions to his family, and cause them to be published in the Newport papers, and that the Library be closed during the hours of the funeral services. June 10, 1878. The President was requested to invite the Essex Institute, of Salem, Mass., who were expected to make an excursion to Newport, to meet the Directors and proprietors in the Library on the evening of June 28th. When they arrived they were received with an address of welcome from President Brinley, followed by a poem from Rev. C. T. Brooks. Dr. Wheatland replied ; and re- marks were made by Hon. William P. Sheffield, and Rev. Mr. Bolles, of Salem. July 22, 1878. The following letters were read : Hon. Francis Brinley, President of Redwood Library. Dear Sir : I beg to offer for the acceptance of the Redwood Captain Stephen T. Northam. In 1847 ^^ had accumulated enough to allow him to retire, and here he made his residence. He was a Director in the Bank of Rhode Island, President of the Marine Society, a Vestry- man in Zion Church, and, as seen above, "a Director in the Redwood Library. Lacking opportunities to become familiar with books in his youth, he was alive to the importance of education, and it was a satisfac- tion to him to see the Library grow and extend its influence. He had outlived both wife and children, and when he died he was the last of his family. He bequeathed to the Library the sum of one thousand dollars. 368 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Library Company, the painting lately placed in their building, and which is known as the " Calling of Matthew," being the central figure from a group of that name at Rome. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, Charles W. Stearns. Redwood Library, August 14, 1878. My Dear Sir: At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Redwood Library and Athen^um, held yesterday, I was requested to present to you their grateful recognition of the kindness which prompted you to donate to the Library the valuable copy of the central figure in the painting at Rome, known as " The Calling of Matthew." It imparts a fresh attraction to our gallery of art, while it has the charm of re- calling the memory of a lady, who was so widely known and esteemed, as was the lamented Mrs. Stearns. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, Francis Brinley, President. Dr. Stearns. September 25, 1878. Annual meeting. The officers then serving were re-elected. The Company returned thanks to the Belleyue Avenue Dramatic Club, of Newport, for the generous gift of two hundred dollars, re- ceived from Mr. Wilson Eyre, the proceeds of a dramatic enter- tainment at the Opera House, for the benefit of the Library. Additions to the Library, by purchase during the year, . . . . . . . . .187 Additions to the Library, by gift, . . . .341 binding, ... 4 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 369 Whole number in the Library, September ist, 22,701 volumes. One hundred and seventeen pamphlets given in the course of the year. Circulation, 8931. The Directors, in their annual report, are led to say : " From the perplexities incident to a depressed state of trade, and the general subsidence of the value of property, the Redwood Library cannot claim to have been entirely exempt, inasmuch as these untoward events checked the anticipated influx of contribu- tions to our treasury. It therefore became the duty of the Directors to bring the current expenses within the .limited income at their command for general purposes. This has been effected by prac- ticing an economy so rigid, that it approaches the verge of parsi- mony. Accordingly, our indefatigable Librarian was deprived of an assistant ; the use of the large furnace was discontinued ; the Library closed at evening ; our subscription to sundry news- papers withdrawn, and the binding of pamphlets and disfigured books suspended. " And here the Directors represent that a prime necessity of the Library, is the creation of a permanent fund, the interest to be exclusively appropriated to the binding of books and pamphlets." October 14, 1878. On motion of Dr. King: Resolved : That the Directors feel the importance of making an honest effort for the payment of the debt of the Library ; unwilling that a debt incurred by them should be entailed on their suc- cessors. Resolved : That in consequence of such views entertained by us, that we the Directors will pay in addition to our yearly subscriptions for this year, five dollars towards the liquidation of the debt. December 8, 1878. The following letter was read by the Sec- retary : 370 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Providence, R. I., 25 College Street, 15th November, 1878. Sir: In behalf of Mrs. Susan C. Bowen, of East Greenwich, I have forwarded to your address, a plate of Oriental porcelain, once owned by the founder of the Redwood Library. Mrs. Bowen desires that you will acquaint the Trustees of the Library with her gift to the Institution. The plate was purchased by my grandfather, the late Captain Samuel Packard, of Providence and North Kingston (Boston Neck), at the sale of certain effects of Abraham Redwood, in Newport. There were originally two dozen, forming part of a dessert service, and a dozen soup plates, of a dif- ferent type of decoration. Of the former eighteen remain, and of the latter only two. The ware is what is known as the " King-te-Chin," and the deco- ration is remarkably beautiful. The white enamel used so freely is rarely seen, save on porcelain of great antiquity. I have several hung as plaques that have been greatly admired by connoisseurs of ceramics. I am, Yours very truly, William Shaw Bowen. * Newport, December 10, 1878. William Shaw Bowen, Esq. My Dear Sir : I beg leave to inform you, that at the monthly meeting of the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, holden yesterday afternoon, it was unanimously voted : That the President acknowledge the receipt of the plate of Oriental porcelain, once owned by Abraham Redwood, the founder of this Library, given through you by Mrs. Susan C. Bowen, of East Greenwich, and present their thanks. I have written to Mrs. Bowen, expressing our great obligations. Very respectfully, Francis Brinley,, President. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 371 December 10, 1878. At a special meeting of the Company, called agreeably to the requirements of the charter, to consider the propriety of adopting a corporate seal for the Company, on the 9th of December, 1878, the President offered the following preamble and resolution, which were adopted : Whereas : The committee heretofore appointed by the Directors, to procure a device for a seal for the corporation of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum reported in favor of a seal, representing in the centre the front and side of this building, and in a circle around the edge, the name and place of the Institution, and in which seal is engraved the date of incorporation, 1747, and the date of the erec- tion of this building, 1748, which seal and its press were the unso- licited gift of George H. Norman, Esq., of Newport; therefore Resolved : That the Company hereby adopt said seal as that of this corporation, and request the President so to inform Mr. Nor- man, and to express their high appreciation of this thoughtful and most acceptable present. January 13, 1879. In compliance with the instructions of the Board, President Brinley addressed the following letter to Isaac P. Hazard, Esq. : Redwood Library, January 15, 1879. Isaac P. Hazard. My Dear Sir : At the regular monthly meeting of the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, holden on Monday, the 13th instant, it was unanimously voted: That the thanks of the Directors be tendered by the President, to Isaac P. Hazard, of New- port, for his liberal and most acceptable donation of one hundred dollars to the funds of the Company. I comply with the above vote with great pleasure, as it gives me an opportunity to manifest my personal recognition of your kind interest in the Library, and to express the hope that you, in your 372 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, solicitude, may feel a glow of satisfaction in knowing that your op- portune gift is cordially appreciated. Very respectfully, Your friend and obedient servant, Francis Brinley, President. February lo, 1879. The following letters were read, and the President was instructed to reply to them : To the Trustees of the Redwood Library. Gentlemen : If you consider it worthy of a place in your reading-room, will you permit me to offer you the painting placed on deposit with you in December last. It is a copy of part of a large picture in the Academy in Venice, painted by Bonifazio, and known as " The Rich Man's Feast." The part copied is the centre of the picture, which is known as the " Concert." In the original the rich man is seated on the left of the group shown in the copy, while on the right Lazarus appears, begging for the crumbs. The copy does not do justice to the origi- nal, which is deemed one of the finest pictures in Venice. Such as it is, however, it may aid to adorn your walls, and give some pleasure to those who use your rooms. If so, I shall be more than paid by your acceptance of it. I remain, gentlemen. Very truly yours, Thatcher M. Adams. February 10, 1879, Newport, R. I. My Dear Sir: At a meeting of the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athe- naeum, held yesterday afternoon, it was unanimously voted : That the President communicate to Thatcher M. Adams, Esq., of New York, the thanks of the Board of Directors, for his valuable gift of NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 373 a copy of part of a large picture in the Academy in Venice, painted by Bonifazio, and known as " The Rich Man's Feast." I comply with the wish of the Directors with great pleasure, and beg to assure you that we all entertain a high regard for your kindness and liberality, in adding this beautiful work to our gallery of art. Very respectfully. Your obedient servant, Fran'cis Brinley, President. The Secretary had reported the gift of a portrait of Christopher Fry, of Newport, from Rowland R. Hazard ; the receipt of which Mr. Brinley acknowledged. The President was also requested to acknowledge the receipt of fifty dollars, from Mrs. Charlotte Tomp- kins, for the binding of books, which he did, as follows : Newport, February 11, 1879. Mrs. Tompkins. Dear Madam: I am requested by the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, to express their grateful appreciation of your liberal donation of fifty dollars, to be used for the binding of books. Many of our volumes have become dilapidated, from con- stant or hard usage, and I cannot but hope that your graceful recog- nition of the fact will stimulate others to follow so good and thought- ful a precedent. Very respectfully, ' * Your obedient servant, Francis Brinley, President. April 14, 1879. The death of Mr. Robert M. Mason, a member of the Board, having been announced, the following resolutions were offered and adopted : Resolved : That the intelligence of the death of our valued asso- 374 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, date, Robert M. Mason, which occurred so soon after his arrival in a far distant southern State, whither he went not only for his own health, but at the promptings of paternal affection, is received by the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum with mingled emotions of awe and respect. Resolved : That regard for his memory requires us to make per- manent in our records, an expression of our high estimate of his urbanity, moral rectitude, considerate judgment, good desires, in- terest in all benevolent purposes, and his religious convictions, which shone so conspicuously when the announcement was made to his unexpected ear, that for him the gate of life everlasting was about to open. Resolved : That an attested copy of these resolutions be commu- nicated to the family of the deceased, with the assurance of our sympathy in their bereavement. May 12, 1879. -^t ^^^ meeting it was made known that Mr. Joseph J. Cooke, of Providence, a warm friend of the Institution, had presented to the Library an accurate manuscript copy of the very rare tract, printed in London, in 1647, for William Codding- ton : " A Demonstration of True Love unto you, the Rulers of the Colony of the Massachusetts in New England;" for which gift the thanks of the Board were extended to the donor. It was quite a coincidence that the name of Coddington was brought to the notice of the Board, from another source, at the same meeting, as here appears : QuiNCY, Mass., May 4, 1879. To LIBRARIAN OF ReDWOOD LIBRARY. Dear Sir : Herewith I send you a copy of a local history of Quincy for the Redwood Library, You may not be aware that William Coddington was once a large land owner in this town, and that one of the streets and school district is still known by his name. He was also the town's first benefactor, having deeded to it a tract NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 375 of land, an account of which you will find on page 315 of this volume. This history — in the preparation -oi which, by the way, I had no part, has therefore a remote local interest in connection with Newport, which induces me to place a copy on the shelves of your Library. In cataloguing the book, please see that references are made to it under the title of *' Coddington.'J I am, etc., Charles F. Adams, Jr. [June 9, 1879. ^^ invitation was extended to the American Insti- tute for the Insane, and the Trustees of the" Butler Hospital for the Insane, with their guests, then holding a meeting in Providence, to visit the Library ; they having arranged for an excursion to Newport on the 13th of that month.] August 10, 1879. On motion of Mr. Mason, it was Voted : That the thanks of this Board be extended to Rev. Charles T. Brooks, for the interesting lectures that he has recently delivered in the Library building, for the benefit of the Library, and that he be invited to add to their number, when it shall be his pleasure to do so. Mr. Brooks was very earnest in his efforts to relieve the Library from debt, and to this end he prepared a paper, signed by the Presi- dent, to be put into circulation : '* Redwood Library. ** This ancient and venerable Institution is sorely straitened in its operations by a debt of four thousand dollars. It is confidently believed that it has friends enough in the community, citizens and summer residents, if their strength could be combined, able and willing, very soon to remove this hindrance to its progress and pros- perity. With a view to effect this, the undersigned agree to give the sum afifixed to their names, payable when the amount subscribed shall equal the debt. The gift of one hundred dollars shall entitle one to a Life Membership. " Francis Brinley, ''President:' 376 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, September 24, 1879. Annual meeting. The following officers were elected : President. — Francis Brinley. Vice-President. — Charles T. Brooks. Directors. — William H. Ashhurst, John T. Bush, Samuel W. Butler, William A. Clarke, Henry H. Fay, George W. Gibbs, Wil- liam Gilpin, David King, Le Roy King, Job T. Langley, Seth W. Macy, Charles H. Malcom, Henry G. Marquand, George C. Mason, Daniel Parish, Jr., William P. Sheffield, Frederick W. Tilton, Henry E. Turner, Hamilton B. Tompkins, C. C. Van Zandt. Treasurer. — Job T. Langley. 5"^<:r^/^rj/, — Benjamin H. Rhoades. On motion of Dr. King, Resolved : That all persons who have in the past, or who may hereafter pay into the treasury the sum of one hundred dollars for the benefit of the Library, shall become and enjoy the privileges of Life Membership. A vote was also passed, on the motion of Dr. King: That the portrait of George W. Gibbs, Esq., be requested of him, to be per- petually preserved in the Library, to be placed on our walls with that of Redwood and the other benefactors of the Library. During the year there had been added to the Library : Volumes. By purchase, . . ... . . . .182 By gift, . . . . . . . . .183 By binding, 34 The whole number of volumes in the Library to date, is 22,566. Eighty-nine pamphlets have been given to the Library. The books in circulation during the year, 8290, embraced the following subjects : NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 377 Agriculture, botany and horticulture, 40 Arts — fine, 59 Biography, .... . 632 Fiction and juveniles. • 4707 Geography and explorations. . 465 History, .... . 574 Greek and Latin classics, 8 Law and politics, . 20 Literature, essays, etc., . . 492 Periodicals, . 627 Philosophy — mental. • 26 " moral, . 13 Poetry and the drama, . . 248 Science, .... . • 174 Theology, .... . ■ . . 174 May 17, 1880. The Librarian read a letter from Dr. C. A. Greene, about a leaf missing from the old Latin Bible, of 1487, telling the way in which it came into his possession, while practicing medicine in Providence, in 1848, when it was given to him by a student in Brown University, '* who perhaps cut it out." The doctor proposed visiting Newport the coming June, and would probably bring the leaf with him. Dr. King, then in England, through the Secretary, made this proposition to the Board — " to petition the British Commissioners to continue the series of British State Papers. The Library Com- pany, to effect this purpose must pass certain resolutions, with a preamble, detailing what the Government have already deposited, and at what time (since then no State Paper has been received by the Redwood Library and Athenaeum), that they appeal to the Commissioners appointed for that purpose- for a continuance of the Publications, to a Library that is frequented in the course of the year by citizens from every part of our wide-spread Republic, etc, 25 378 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, " Having these resolutions with their appointment of me as their accredited agent in London, the whole fortified by the certificate of Governor Van Zandt, I can petition the Commissioners with some probability of a favorable result." In response to the above, it was Resolved : That the President, the Rev. Charles T. Brooks, and Hon. Henry H. Fay, be a committee to transmit the following reso- lution to Dr. David King, one of our Directors, now in England, that he may communicate it to the appropriate department of the British Government. Resolved : That " the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum are under great obligation to the Commissioners of the British Government for valuable donations to the Library, and respectfully request them to continue the presentation of the series of British State Papers. The application was to be made by Messrs. Brinley, Fay, and Brooks. August 9, 1880. The Librarian having stated that Dr. C. A. Greene, of Lancaster, Penn., had visited the Library, but had not returned the leaf missing from the old Latin Bible, of 1487, on motion of Dr. Turner, Rev. Dr. Malcom was requested to write to Dr. Greene on the subject. September 29, 1880. Annual meeting. The officers of the pre- vious year were re-elected. The number of books in the Library is now 23,660, including : By purchase, ........ 203 By gift, 332 Added by binding, 12 Among the ^nost valuable books given to the Library are " Wil- son's American Ornithology," in 6 volumes, from Madame Marius NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 379 Panon, a descendant from Abraham Redwood; " Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania," in 32 volumes, from Hon. Horatio Gates Jones; 19 volumes from Rev. Charles T. Brooks; 124 from Joseph J. Cooke, of Providence, and Francis L. Ogden, 15 volumes. The number of books circulated during the year was 7932. In addition to the above there are as many volumes read or consulted within the Library as are taken away for perusal. The most noteworthy event during the year was the payment of the balance of the debt incurred by the enlargement of the edifice, and the addition of a portico to its easterly side. This was effected through the liberality of a few of its judicious friends, whose names and contributions are here given : Agassiz, Alexander, . ;^ioo Astor, John J., 2(X) Auchincloss, Hugh Dudley, 100 Baker, Mary B., . 100 Baker, Mrs. Richard, . 100 Bancroft, George, . 100 Beach, C. Nichols, 100 Bennett, J. G., . . . 100 Bryce, J. Smith, . 50 Clarke, William A., • 133 Cooke, Joseph J., . 100 Cornell, Richard, . 50 Cushman, Mrs. Emma C, 10 Foster, John, 150 Gibbs, George W., 500 Gibbs, Theodore K., 100 Hunter, Anna F., . 100 Carried forward, $2093 38o ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY. Brought forward, . • . . ;^2093 Keene, James R., . ■ 200 King, Dr. David, . . 100 King, David, Jr,, . . 100 Le Roy, Daniel, . . 100 Lorillard, Pierre, . . 100 Low, Seth, . 100 Lyman, Charles, . . 50 Macy, Seth W., . . 25 Marquand, H. G., . • 200 Ogden, Francis L., 100 Paine, John, . • 100 Phoenix, S. Whitney, 200 Pierson, J. Frederic, 20 Pierson, Mrs. S. A., 20 Rives, William C, 100 Rogers, Fairman, . 100 Rogers, Prof. William B., 20 Sheffield, William P., Jr., 100 Stevens, Frederic W., . 100 Stout, Francis A., . 100 Terrill, Dr. George, 20 Tompkins, Hamilton B., 75 Tompkins, Frederic, 35 Travers, William R., 50 Tucker, William W., 50 Tuckerman, Joseph, 200 Wales, George W., 50 Wharton, Joseph, . 100 Wolfe, Catherine L., 100 ;^47o8 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 381 The above in addition to the amount raised in 1877, and given on page 433. The report goes on to say : This Hberates the Library from its burden of debt. It is all im- portant to keep it so ; but this cannot be, as things are, without resorting to a most stringent, and therefore, in some respects, an inconvenient economy. Our main sources of income for general purposes are : First. — The annual tax established by vote of the Company. Experience has solidified it into a fixed fact, that an annual tax of over five dollars would not be endured. There are now two hun- dred and ten of these taxable twenty-five dollar shares, as they are usually designated : 210 shares at ^5.00, should yield, . . . ;^I050 00 The ;^5.00 tax includes that of ;^i.oo, which by the charter must be laid at the annual meet- ing, for " the purchase of books," and there- fore we deduct . . . . . . 210 00 $^\o 00 Second. — The interest on the " special shares," or ;^ 100 shares, as they are called, $5859.56, at 5 per cent., . . . . . . 292 97 Third. — The interest on Captain Littlefield's legacy of ;^ 1 000, 60 00 Fourth. — From temporary subscribers, say . 200 00 Fifth. — Droppings into the Treasury from all sources, some of them, like the subscriptions of summer visitors, being very uncertain, . 100 00 Thus there are but . . . . $\^g2 97 at the disposal of the Company for its current expenses, or annual 382 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, support; an amount which, it must be seen, is insufficient for the yearly cost of maintaining the Library in working order. Seeing this the Directors Voted : That it is expedient to create a fund, to be designated " The General Fund of the Redwood Library for Current Ex- penses," of which said fund, neither the principal nor the interest thereof, nor any portion of either of them, shall be appropriated or used for buying, binding or repairing books, periodicals, pamphlets, or newspapers, or for the purchase of works of art, but the net annual interest of said fund shall be used only for the payment of the annual, regular and usual expenses necessary for the manage- ment of the Library. December 24, 1880. Special meeting. The death of Mr. Rhoades, the Librarian, having been announced by the President, the following resolutions were adopted : Resolved : That in the death of the late Benjamin H. Rhoades, Esq., we deplore the loss in our community of the modest Chris- tian, the true gentleman and the refined scholar. Resolved: That his modest and unassuming nature shed a grace over his intellect; which last, indeed, was equal to all occasions in his calling. Resolved : That his presence will be especially missed as our Librarian, for which his university education prepared him, and to which his later studies tended to perfect him according to an ideal model in his own mind. Resolved : That we will attend- his funeral in a body ; and that a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to his family, with an ex- pression of our deepest sympathy in their severe affliction. January 7, 1881. Special meeting. Mr. John T. Bush, a member of the Board, having died : Resolved : That in the death of Mr. John T. Bush, while in com- mon with our whole community, we deplore the loss of a fellow NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 383 citizen of rare uprightness, generosity, and public spirit, as members of this Institution land of its Board of Directors, we shall sadly miss the presence of a wise counsellor, an efficient worker and a valued friend. Resolved : That the tender sympathies of this Board are respect- fully extended to the family of our departed associate, with the assurance of our grateful sense of his long and faithful service, his eminent worth and his stimulating example. Resolved: That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the family of our late brother, and that as a body we will attend his funeral. January 22, 1881. Mr. Benjamin F. Thurston was elected Libra- rian, with a salary of $800 per annum. He was also to serve as Secretary to the Board of Directors. Mr. Horace E. Armington, Jr., was elected Assistant Librarian, at a salary of ;^200 per annum. February 14, 1881. Rev. Mr. Brooks read a letter from Dr. H. R. Storer, giving an account of the examination and arrangement by the latter, of the Papal medals belonging to the Library; where- upon it was Voted: That the thanks of the Board be extended to Dr. Storer, for his care and attention in examining and arranging the medals, and that he be informed of this action by the Secretary. April 8, 1 88 1. The following resolutions on the death of Dr. S. W. Butler, offered by Rev. Mr. Brooks, were adopted : Whereas : We are again called to bow to the will of the Supreme Disposer, in removing from our earthly society another esteemed and valued associate. Dr. Samuel W. Butler, Resolved: That in the death of Dr. Butler, while in common with our whole community we mourn the loss of a kindly and faithful physician, a courteous Christian gentleman, and a citizen who, for a generation, had been ardently devoted to the social and educational interests of our city, as members and Directors of this Institution, we shall sorely miss the countenance and co-operation 384 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, of one who, for many years, has been, in word and work, an assidu- ous officer and friend of the Library, and has left a memory which will ever temper our sorrow over his loss with gratitude for his ser- vice and example. Resolved : That our sincere sympathy is respectfully tendered to the family of our late associate. July II, 1 88 1. Dr. King offered the following resolutions, which were unanimously adapted : Resolved : That this association receives the intelligence of the death of Joseph J. Cooke, Esq.,^'^^ at his residence, in Elmwood, with the deepest regret, as involving the loss of an accomplished and valuable member. Resolved : That during the several past years of his citizenship in Newport, this Association has received marked benefit from his wise counsel and from his large, liberal and practical views bearing on subjects connected with the interests of this Institution, Resolved : That some of the most valuable works on our shelves will remain to attest his literary taste and his sterling interest in the great object of this Association. Resolved: That his numerous and important benefactions to our ^"^ President Brinley, in his annual report, thus referred to Mr. Cooke : "It is not our custom to pass resolutions on the death of a stockholder in the Redwood Library unless he was one of its officers. The death of Joseph J. Cooke seemed to justify a deviation from this custom. A few years ago he purchased an estate in Newport, where he resided part of each year. His knowledge and love of books naturally led him to take deep interest in the Redwood Library, which he manifested by frequent and valuable contributions of works of value. The last one was a fine edition of the works of Sir William Jones, in thirteen volutnes octavo ; while just before his death he voluntarily sent from Providence his dona- tion to the proposed ' Special Fund for the General Purposes ' of the Library. ' ' NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 385 Library have impressed us with a grateful sense of the Hberality and generosity which characterized his mind. Resolved : That these resolutions be entered on our records, published in the public prints, and transmitted to the family of the deceased. August 8, 1 88 1. Miss Sarah F. Turner presented to the Library the portrait of Captain Daniel Turner, U. S. N. Dr. David King, when presenting it on her behalf, made the fol- lowing remarks : Mr. President : I have been requested by Miss Sarah F. Turner to present to the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, the portrait of her brother, Daniel Turner, Esq., late a Captain in the United States Navy and a citizen of Newport, Rhode Island. Daniel Turner, as I knew him as a familiar friend, was an intelligent and well-informed gentleman in Newport society. He was an accomplished naval officer, and known to be an expert in every department of his profession. He was born in New Jersey in 1795. His early boyhood was passed in Newport, where he imbibed that fondness for the sea which led him to select the navy as his pursuit in life. He was early attached to Newport, with whose interests he, and his family in subsequent life, became in a degree identified. It was from New- port that he entered the navy in 1808, though availing himself of the right and privilege of his native State, New Jersey. From New- port he accompanied Captain Oliver Hazard Perry with a large number of Rhode Islanders to the shores of Lake P>ie. In the battle on that lake fought on the lOth of September, 1813, by Com- modore Perry, Lieutenant Turner was the commander of the Cale- donia. He took the place assigned to him by Perry, opposite the Hunter and near the Lawrence. Though the wind was light dur- ing the battie, which lasted for three hours, it was surprising to Lieutenant Turner, as well as the other commanders, that Captain E^lliot, of the Niagara, did not find occasion in the course of the first two hours, to arrive in the position determined for him by Commo- 386 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, dore Perry previously to the battle. It was not owing to the un- skilfulness of her crew, for the Niagara was one of the best- appointed ships in the American fleet; as is proved by her success- ful manceuvering under Perry's management. Before Perry came on board she was an inert body floating on the water, but at a dis- tance from the enemy's fleet ; and apparently, unable to inflict any considerable injury on the enemy. But under the command of Perry the Niagara became a thing of life ; and in close quarters, poured into the Detroit and Queen Charlotte, the Lady Prevost, and the Little Belt, those deadly broadsides, those sharp and de- structive fires of grape and cannister which induced their quick sur- render, and gave to the American arms the ever memorable victory. After the conquest the captain of the British fleet, Robert Heriot Barclay, a distinguished commander in Nelson's fleet at Trafalgar, was astonished at the youth of his antagonists. He particularly noticed Lieutenant Turner; seeing that he was a mere boy, he remarked to Commodore Perry : " If your boys can fight so well, what may we not expect from your men ? " Commodore Perry, in his letter to the Secretary of the Navy, dated at Put-in-Bay, Septem- ber 13, 1813, says that " Lieutenant Turner, commanding the Cale- donia, brought that vessel into action in the most able manner ; and is an officer that in all situations may be relied on." Such a character, early given to • him by his brave and heroic commander. Perry, he maintained through life. His various naval services to his country, from 1813 to 1850, were distinguished in their performance by signal skill, efficiency and judgment. He was always the man to be depended on in any difficult emergency. At his death he ranked the eighteenth on the list of captains in the United States Navy. He died suddenly at Philadelphia in February, 1850, at the age of fifty-five. His loss was deeply deplored by his friends and his country. Voted : That the gift of the portrait of Captain Daniel Turner be accepted ; that it be placed on the walls by the side of that of Com- modore Oliver Hazard Perry, and that the thanks of the Association be tendered to the donor. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 387 September 12, 1881. On motion of Mr. Tompkins a committee was appointed to prepare a circular, to be used in the acknowledg- ment of gifts, to the Library. Mr. Tompkins also moved that the Librarian be instructed to report to the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, all books, with the names of the persons holding them, that had been out of the Library more than two months ; and that a blank be prepared, to be filled out and sent to delinquents, by the Librarian. 388 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, CHAPTER XIII. 1881— 1884. ACANCIES in the Board of Directors were filled by the election of George W. Wales/^^ and James E. Mauran. The other officers of the Company were re-elected, September 28, 1881. Number of books in the Library, Including added by purchase during the year, " by gift, . ... " " by binding, Pamphlets given during the year, Number of books circulated. 23,994 174 5 38 7,833 October 18, 1881. James E. Mauran was appointed to assist the President in the general supervision of the property of the Com- pany, and Dr. King and Mr. Mauran were appointed to prepare a catalogue of the books in the Library.^" ^"^ The two admirable marble busts, of Ariosto and Dante, that have a conspicuous place in the Library, were the gift of Mr. George W. Wales, a warm friend of the Institution. ^'^^ The committee to prepare a catalogue of the Library, in any manner that commended itself to their judgment. A scientific catalogue was recognized as a difficult and costly undertaking. Dr. King had died before he could accomplish what he had in view, and all that Mr. Mauran could undertake was to cause a copy of the last printed catalogue to be J)M//'d J6rL f. SUTIKUNtr, MIN'r. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 389 March 9, 1882. The death of Dr. David King"® having been announced, Rev. Charles T. Brooks offered the following resolu- tions, which were adopted : interleaved, and insert the titles of such volumes as had been received since that catalogue was printed in i860. There have been four catalogues printed at different times. The first was prepared by Elnathan Hammond, and was printed in Newport, in 1764. The second was prepared by Robert Rogers, in 181 6. The third was printed in 1843. ^ portion of the fourth was prepared by Benjamin G. Thurston, in 1858, and the remainder by the late Librarian, Benjamin H. Rhoades, in 1859. The number of books in the Library at that time was 9504. "*^ Dr. King, the eldest son of Dr. David King, was born in Newport, May 12, 181 2 j here he resided during his active and most useful life, and died here March 7, 1882, beloved and respected by all who knew him — the most devoted and faithful of physicians. Prepared for college in his native place, he entered Brown University, and graduated Salutarian in the Class of 183 1. His medical studies were pursued at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he received his degree of M.D. in 1834. He at once entered upon his profession in Newport. The same year he became a member of the Rhode Island Medical Society, was President of the Society in 1848-9, and for a number of years Censor. Three of the Fiske prizes he gained, and he delivered before the Society three annual addresses. Dr. King as a physician stood in the front rank of the profession ; at the same time he continued to cultivate his literary tastes, the accumu- lating of a valuable library, and a searching everywhere for historical facts connected with his native town and State. No man could well be better informed in regard to local history, and it was his intention to put into an enduring form the stores he had gathered in this field ; but the con- stant pressure of an exacting profession, prevented the realizing of this wish. Dr. King was one of the founders of the American Medical Association in 1848, and of the Island Cemetery Company; of which organization he was President for a period of thirty-four years. He was also one of the founders of the Newport Historical Society, and its first President; a consulting physician, both of the Newport Hospital and the Rhode Island Hospital, and a member of the Rhode Island Historical Society, and of 390 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Whereas, by the will of the all-wise Father we have been called again to mourn the loss of a singularly beloved and honored asso- ciate ; Resolved : That in the death of Dr. David King, while in com- mon with the whole community we sorely feel the void left by the taking out of this world of a good physician, an accomplished scholar, a public-spirited citizen and a kindly neighbor and Chris- tian gentleman— as members and Directors of the Redwood Library Company, we shall long miss a wise counsellor, an ardent and inde- fatigable worker; whose voice and pen, hand and heart, were unweariedly devoted to the interests of this Institution, with whose fortunes in dark and in bright days, he had been for so many years identified, and whose name will ever stand high on the roll of its benefactors, and be associated with all our best remembrances of its struggles and success. Resolved : That the Library be closed on the day of the funeral, after* 1 2 o'clock m. Resolved : That we will attend the funeral in a body. Resolved : That a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to the the Society of the Cincinnati in Rhode Island. He was President of the Rhode Island Board of Health, from its foundation in 1877, and was greatly interested in its work ; and to the Redwood Library, its President for ten years, he was most devoted. It was a great source of gratification to him to see it widen its scope and increase in usefulness. At his death, as has been seen in these records, he was most liberal to the Library in the gift of books, and the fund he left to increase its stores of books, is doing the work for which it \te designed. To Trinity Church, of which he was a most consistent and earnest member, Dr. King was strongly attached, and for years in its counsels he held a guiding hand. In 1837 he married Sarah Gibbs Wheaton, daughter of Rev. Salmon Wheaton, D.D., who only survived him a few months. Two sons and four daughters survive him, and one son died of wounds received, in 1861, in the battle of Bull Run. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 391 family of our deceased associate, with the expression of our heart- felt sympathy in their bereavement. June 14, 1882. Some misunderstanding having occured between the Board of Directors, and Mr. Thurston, the Librarian, as to the duties of the Librarian and the number of hours he was expected to be in the Library, attending to his official duties, and he having tendered his resignation, it was voted to lay the resignation on the table. The President and Mr. Tilton were instructed to make known to the Librarian the views of the Board, and to express the hope that he would continue to fill the position of Librarian, at least for the present. The Library hours to the ist of October, were to be from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m., and the Librarian and his assistant were each to be allowed to be absent daily two and one-half hours from the Library. June 16, 1882. Mr. H. E. Armington, Jr., tendered his resigna- tion as assistant, on the ground that his salary was wholly inade- quate to the services required ; and it having been ascertained that a rise in the salary, from two hundred dollars to four hundred dol- lars per annum, would be satisfactory to him ; it was voted that he should be paid at that rate after that date. July 10, 1882. On the reading of the following letter, the Presi- dent was requested to acknowledge its receipt : Newport, July 8, 1882. Dear Sir : In consequence of a want felt of more books of the day for light reading than can be had at the Redwood Library, Mrs. William F. Weld, of Philadelphia, has requested me to forward you a check for one thousand dollars, of which the income only is to be invested in new books from time to time, keeping it in your accounts as the William F. Weld fund, as more may some time be added to it. Yours truly, William G. Weld. 392 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, If you would prefer a good R. R. first mortgage bond at par, bearing six per cent., say about twenty years to run, I will furnish it. To this letter the following answers were returned : Dear Sir : At a regular meeting of the Directors of the Redwood Library, the Treasurer presented your letter of July 8th, to him, in which you state that Mrs. William F. Weld, of Philadelphia, proposes to give one thousand dollars to the Library. Whereupon it was voted that the President express to Mrs. Weld their grateful acknowledg- ment for her thoughtful liberality. That duty I shall perform with very great pleasure. The opinion of the Directors was that it was best to comply with your suggestion that they receive such a R. R. first mortgage bond as you described, rather than a check, as it would be a good investment. Very respectfully. Your obedient servant, Francis Brinley. My Dear Madam: At a regular meeting of the Directors of the Redwood Library, held this afternoon, it was announced that you very kindly propose to present the liberal sum of one thousand dollars, the income of which should be devoted to the purchase of "books of the day for light reading." It was therefore unanimously voted that the Presi- dent communicate to Mrs. Weld their high appreciation of her gen- erous donation, and that it be kept and called as " The William F. Weld Book Fund " forever. Permit me, dear madam, to express my personal gratification in presenting to you the vote of the Directors of the Institution over which I have the honor to preside. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, Francis Brinley. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 393 July 15, 1882. The following communication from the executrix and executor of the will of the late Dr. King, was received : Newport, June 29, 1882. To the President and Directors of the Redwood Library and AthencBum, Newport. Gentlemen : The first clause of the will of the late David King, is as follows : " I give and bequeath to the corporation of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum in Newport such books — medical, classical, etc. — in my private library, as I shall designate, upon condition that the said books shall be kept together, and so that it may be distin- guished from other books in the said Redwood Library, and be known as the King Collection, and be preserved as a memorial of my late honored father, the late David King, M.D., formerly, from 1799 to 1836, a faithful physician of this city. I also give and be- queath to the said Redwood Library and Atliena^um Corporation the sum of two thousand dollars, to be by said corporation safely invested till the whole sum, by the addition of the annual interest to the original bequest, shall amount to four thousand dollars, and then to remain a perpetual fund, the income thereof to be annually applied to the purchase of medical, classical or historical books, to be added by the said corporation to ' the King Collection ' herein designated, and in keeping in repair the books embraced in the said collection." By a codicil to the will of which the above is a copy of the first clause, the following appears of record : " I hereby so far modify the first clause of my will, made January the fifth, 1876, as to direct the executrix and executor of said will to designate the books that shall be given to the Redwood Library to constitute the nucleus of 'the King Collection,' in the Redwood Library. 26 394 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, In the third clause of the will the following appears of record, viz. : " I give the foregoing bequests in the first, second and third clauses to the respectively-named associations or companies of Newport, in trust and confidence that they will faithfully carry out my design ; but should any or either of the companies aforesaid refuse the trust designated to them, or should any or either of them violate the terms or design of said trust designated to them, then I direct my executors or heirs to recover said property by suit or otherwise, as property belonging to my estate, and inheritable by my heirs. Any bequest refused will of course revert to my estate, and be by them distributed according to the provisions of this my last will and testament." At your convenience will you please advise me if you accept the bequests on the terms named, and if so will you please designate the exact position in the Library building that you will appropriate for ** the King Collection." We propose to make the nucleus of the King Collection of books of from six hundred to eight hundred volumes; we are of the opinion that the testator intended that the books forming the collection should always remain in the Library building. We are very respectfully, Your obedient servants, Sarah G. King, David King, As Executrix and Executor of the zvill of the late David King. Resolution of the Board of Directors passed July 15, 1882. Whereas : It appears by a communication signed by Sarah G. King, executrix, and David King, executor of the last will and tes- tament of David King, M.D., deceased, and a codicil thereto, dated at Newport, June 29, 1882, and directed to the President and the Directors of the Corporation of the Redwood Library and Athe- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 395 naeum, that said David King " gave and bequeathed " certain books and the sum of two thousand dollars to said Library upon condi- tions expressed in said will as represented ; therefore, Resolved : That said bequest and trust be received by the Red- wood Library upon the terms and conditions therein specified. Resolved : That the Secretary be directed to place upon the records the communication from the executrix and executor of the will of the late Dr. King, and the resolutions of the Board of Directors. Resolved : That the Secretary transmit an attested copy of this preamble and resolutions to the executrix and executor of the will of said Dr. David King. At the close of the official year, President Brinley, in his annual report, declined a re-election in these words : "The preparation of this report afforded me an early opportunity to make known through the members of the Board of Directors my desire not to be considered a candidate for re-election as Presi- dent. " I have been connected officially with the Institution for more than a decade — four years as a Director, one year as Vice-President, and at seven successive annual elections have been unanimously chosen President. For these multiplied honors I am most grateful. The memory of the kindness and confidence of the proprietors, and of the courtesy and aid of the Directors and the Librarians will be deeply engraved on my mind. " On my entering upon the duties of President the Library was encumbered and hampered by a heavy debt, growing out of the enlargement of this edifice. From that burden it has been relieved by friends whose love for the old Redwood Library time had not chilled. " On retiring from office I have the supreme satisfaction of knowing that I leave the Institution free from debt. That it may be enabled so to continue must be the ardent desire of every one who recognizes in its origin an interesting event in the literary his- 396 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, tory of Rhode Island, and who believes that its neglect and conse- quent decadence would mar the fair fame of Newport." September 27, 1882. Annual meeting. Vice-President Brooks, on taking the chair, having announced that the Hon. Francis Brinley declined to be again elected as President of the Company, the fol- lowing resolutions were unanimously adopted : Resolutions of Respect and Gratitude to Hon. Francis Brinley. Resolved: That while we find ourselve^ compelled to accept the resignation of our honored President, it is with extreme reluctance and sincere regret that we bid this farewell, in his official capacity, to one who during his term of seven years has with such eminent conscientiousness and ability administered the affairs of this Insti- tution, instant in season and out of season, with a zeal and ardor which the physical deprivation of later years had, if possible, rather increased than impaired; who with such uniform urbanity and grace has presided over our deliberations, and on all occasions with such earnestness and eloquence advocated the claims of the Library to public regard. Resolved: That the memory of these services and of his per- sonal kindness will ever be gratefully cherished by us, and we trust that this assurance may add one more to the many rays of light that cheer him in his outward darkness, and we close with heartfelt wishes for his health and happiness. Rev. Charles T, Brooks was unanimously elected President, but declined to serve on the ground that his health did not warrant his doing so. The following choice of officers was then made: President. — James Eddy Mauran. Vice-President, — Charles T. Brooks. Directors. — William H. Ashhurst, William A. Clarke, Henry H. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 397 Fay, George W. Gibbs, William Gilpin, David King, Le Roy King, Job T. Langley, Seth W. Macy, George F. Crandall, Henry G. Marquand, George. C. Mason, James E. Mauran, William P. Shef- field, Frederick W. Tilton, Henry E. Turner, Hamilton B. Tomp- kins, Charles C. Van Zandt, George W. Wales, George Gordon King. Treasurer. — Job T. Langley. Secretary. — William P. Sheffield, Jr. Mr. Wales gave notice that at the next annual meeting, he would offer an amendment to the Constitution, reducing the number of Directors to fifteen. October 9, 1882. A committee, appointed by the chair — Messrs. Marquand, Crandall, Gilpin, Ashhurst, and G. G. King — was to take into consideration the appointing of a Librarian, and report at the next monthly meeting. October 30, 1882. Mr. Marquand, of the Special Committee on the Selection of a Librarian, reported : To the President and Directors of the Redwood Library and Athe- ficBtwt, Nezvport : Your committee, to whom was referred the question of nomi- nating suitable candidates for Librarian, would respectfully report, that they have carefully considered the qualifications of the two prominent applicants, and find that both are sufficiently qualified to discharge the duties, and suggest the names of Risbrough H. Til- ley and B. F. Thurston, as nominees for such position. The com- mittee has received informal applications from two parties living in other cities, but they incline to the opinion that it would be desirable to confine the vote of the Board to residents of New- port. Respectfully submitted on behalf of the committee. H. G. Marquand, Chairman, Newport, October 16, 1882. 398 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, A ballot was then taken, resulting in the election of Mr. B. F. Thurston. The salary was fixed at twelve hundred dollars per annum, and the Librarian was to provide and pay an assistant, who was to be approved of by the Directors. At the following meeting of the Board, the Librarian offered the name of H. E. Armington, as assistant, which met with the approval of the Board. January 8, 1883. The Treasurer reported that he had received two bonds, of one thousand dollars each, of the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, from the executor of the last will and testament of David King, deceased ; and that the President and Treasurer had given a receipt and discharge therefor; that with the bonds he received the following letter : December 30, 1882. Knickerbocker Club, 309 Fifth Avenue, J. T. Langley, Esq. Treasurer Redwood Library and Athenaeum, Newport. Dear Sir : I have instructed Messrs. Chase and Higginson to send you by registered mail, two bonds of one thousand dollars each, of the Houston and Texas Central 2d mortgage 8 per cent. ; the bonds I have purchased at 1 19^, and I merely ask from the Library a receipt signed by the President and Secretary, for two thousand dollars in full payment of the legacy of two thousand dol- lars left them by the late David King. Please address me at No. 8 Washington Place, New York. Your obedient servant, David King, Executor, Estate of late D. King. To this letter the Treasurer reported that he had replied in appro- priate terms, thanking Mr. King and enclosing a receipt for the same, signed by the President and Treasurer in behalf of the Library. The action of the President and Secretary in signing a receipt for the above legacy, had the approval of the Board. The President presented the following letter from the Librarian : NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 399 Newport, R, I., January 8, 1883. To the President and Directors of tJie Redwood Library : Realizing my need of a more thorough and complete knowledge of matters relating to library methods and management, and believ- ing that this can best be gained by a wider experience and a more systematic training, I respectfully request that leave of absence be granted me for months ; that time to be spent by me in visiting other and prominent libraries, and in obtaining such infor- mation and training as shall increase my usefulness as a Librarian ; the Library work to be carried on in my absence by Mr. Arming- ton, and an assistant, to be provided by me. Respectfully, Benjamin F. Thurston. Upon consultation with Mr. Thurston, it was voted : That he should have leav^e of absence for two months, for the above purpose. The President, Mr. Crandall and Captain Macy were instructed to visit owTiers of shares who were delinquent in paying taxes, and see what they had to offer in extenuation. March 12, 1883. The Special Committee on Delinquent Share- holders reported : To the President and Directors of tlie Redwood Library and Athe- ncBum^ Nezvport, R. L : The undersigned, your committee, appointed at the regular meet- ing, in December, 1S82, to ascertain the number of delinquent shareholders and report thereon, together with such recommenda- tions as we thought proper for the welfare of the Librar}\ The number of delinquent taxpayers we find to be forty-eight, not including the tax assessed in September, 1882. The aggregate amount due from said delinquents is seven hundred and seventy-five dollars. Upon a careful examination we find that twenty-seven of said delinquents are enjoying the privileges of the Library^ without con- 400 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, tributing to its support. Your committee have also ascertained that several of the shareholders who are in arrears, would prefer to surrender their certificates for a receipted bill of all charges against them. We therefore recommend that the Librarian be directed to present in person each resident shareholder with a bill of all charges, and in the event of their inability or refusal to pay, request such to surrender their certificates upon the tender of a receipted bill of all demands. To the non-resident shareholders, we recom- mend that the Librarian write to each, demand payment or forward their certificates, as they may elect. If after the expired time named in Article XIL of the Charter, no response is received, then declare said shares forfeited, in accordance with the provisions of said Article XIL We further recommend that the Librarian be directed to refuse the privileges of the Library. to all delinquents, after personal demand has been made, as aforesaid, with the single end in view, to do jus- tice to those shareholders who always meet their taxes promptly. James Eddy Mauran, George F. Crandall, S. W. Macy, Committee. The report was received, and the Librarian was instructed to col- lect dues from all delinquent shareholders. A communication from the executors of the will of the late Joseph J. Cooke was presented by the President, calling attention to the coming auction sale of books, under the eighth clause of the Cooke will, as follows : " Eighth. I give and bequeath to the Redwood Library and Athe- naeum, of the city of Newport, and the Athenaeum and Brown Uni- versity, etc., .... the sum of five thousand dollars each ; provided that the same shall be used in payment for bills of any books which may be sold to them by auction by my executors or their succes- sors, of any sale thereof, but not otherwise." It was voted : That the President be authorized to employ such NEWPORT. RHODE ISLAND, 401 agent as he thinks proper, to purchase books for the Library at the coming sale on Tuesday and the following days ; and that the Presi- dent be further authorized to make a suitable acknowledgment of the communication received from the executors of Mr. Joseph J. Cooke, deceased ; and to accept the terms of said provision in behalf of the Library. Upon the presentation by the President, of a copy of the last will and testament of the late Rev. Dr. Alexander G. Mercer, in and by the third section of said will, it being provided among other things: " I give and bequeath to the Redwood Library, Newport, for the establishment of a case or compartment of books, one thousand dollars ; " it was resolved : That James E. Mauran and Job T. Lang- ley be and hereby are appointed a committee to receive the legacy of one thousand dollars, bequeathed to this Corporation by Section in. of the last will and testament of the late Rev. Alexander G. Mercer, deceased, and to give a receipt thereof, and the said legacy is hereby accepted for the purposes therein expressed. Upon the announcement from the President, of a valuable gift of old china ^^^ and silverware, in a cabinet, to the Library, by Miss Ellen Townsend, it was Voted : That the Library accept the donation of Miss Townsend, and that the President express to Miss Townsend the thanks of the Company for the same. April 9, 1883. It having been announced that the legacy to the '■^^ The old china formerly belonged to the Easton and Townsend fami- lies. It has also been enriched by a gift of Redwood china, a tankard, teapot, can, porringer, two tablespoons and small spoon, and pickle-fork, of silver, manufactured in this town, by Samuel Vernon, a silversmith of high repute. Miss Townsend also presented a card-table and two very old waiters, of the finest mahogany. 402 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Library had been received from the estate of the late Dr. Mercer, the matter was referred to the Book Committee, with power to expend the money. The President stated that the shelf-room occupied by the Newport Historical Society was now needed for books ; it was voted to advise the Historical Society that some other place must be provided for its collection. A letter from the Newport Medical Society, requesting permis- sion to deposit some of their books in the Library building, was referred to Messrs. Crandall and Gilpin. This committee, at the next meeting, reported adversely to the application, on the ground that the Library was already crowded for shelf-room. May 14, 1883. It was moved and seconded that the President should be authorized to confer with the Newport Historical Society, with refeiisnce to removing their collection from the Library, and to report at the next meeting. The point of order having been raised, whether the President had a right to vote upon a viva voce vote, and the chair ruling in favor of such right, it was decided by the Board in the negative. The house being called on the original motion, there was a tie, Messrs. Ashhurst, Macy, Crandall, Mauran and Tompkins voting nay, and Messrs. Gilpin, David King, Tilton, Turner and George Gordon King voting aye. It was then moved to reconsider the vote passed at the previous meeting with reference to the Newport Historical Society, which motion was lost. June II, 1883. A committee from the Newport Historical So- ciety — Messrs. Lucius D. Davis, Rev. Dr. Thayer and Mr. J. M. K. Southwick — were permitted to address the Board with reference to the recent action in regard to the Newport Historical Society; whereupon it was Voted : That all proceedings taken in reference to the removal of NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 403 the books and papers of that Society be vacated ; and that any fur- ther discussion of the matter be postponed to the meeting of the Board in October. Meanwhile it was Voted, on motion of Mr. Mason : That the Librarian and his assistant be required to afford the Historical Society every facility in the use of the Library for its lectures and meetings, in proper hours. June 16, 1883. A special meeting, called to take action on the death of Rev. Charles T. Brooks ; at which meeting the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : Whereas : The Great Disposer of all things temporal and eternal, who is the God and Father of us all, and in whose hands are life and death, having, in His wise Providence, removed from us by death our late associate, the Rev. Charles T. Brooks: We, the surviving members of the Board of Directors of the Red- wood Library and Athenaeum, deeply and sincerely sympathize with the family and relatives of our late associate in this their great loss : That this Institution has lost one of its most active and useful members. That his place at our Board cannot easily be filled : That the memory of his gentle manners, his kind and courteous expression of opinion, his firmness in doing always what was right, his disinterested and wise counsel, will long remain with us who have been for a long time officially and personally connected and associated with him : That this preamble and resolutions be entered upon our records, and that the Secretary be requested to send a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. June 21, 1883. The following letter was read from the Presi- dent : 404 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, To the Board of Directors of the Company of the Redwood Library and Athencemn : I hereby resign the office of President and Director of the above- named Company. Respectfully, James Eddy Mauran. June 1 8, 1883. Voted : That the resignation of Mr. Mauran be received, placed on file and referred to the next annual meeting. A committee, consisting of Dr. Henry E. Turner and Mr. George Gordon King, were appointed to direct the affairs of the Library, as a monthly committee, until the next regular meeting of the Board. The following Act of the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island was read and received: State of Rhode Island, etc. In General Assembly, January Session, A.D. 1883. An Act in amendment of the Act to Incorporate the Redwood Library, passed at the October session, A.D. 1790. // is enacted by the General Assembly, as follows : Section i. The annual meeting of the Redwood Library Com- pany in the town of Newport shall hereafter be held on the third Wednesday in August instead of the third Wednesday in Septem- ber, as heretofore. It was voted to accept the above amendment of the charter. Mr. George F. Crandall's resignation as a member of the Board was received and referred to the annual meeting. A communication was read from Dr. Horatio R. Storer, on be- half of the Newport Medical Society, calling attention to the ap- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 405 preaching meeting of the Superintendents of the American Hospi- tals for the Insane, and suggesting that the Board of Directors extend to them an invitation to visit the Library ; which communi- cation was referred to the monthly committee, to take such action as they might think proper. July 9, 1883. The thanks of the Medical Society were extended to the Board, for the courtesy that had been shown their guests. The letter from the Society was accompanied by a catalogue of the medical works in the Library, from the same Society ; thereupon it was Voted : That the thanks of the Board of Directors be tendered to the Newport Medical Society, for the use of their catalogue of the medical works in the Redwood Library, and that the Librarian be requested to make a copy of the same for the use of the Library. Messrs. Turner, Mason and George Gordon King were a commit- tee to prepare the annual report of the Directors; and Messrs. Tur- ner and King were continued as the monthly committee. August 13, 1883. The chairman of the Book Committee was directed to apply for the account of the purchase of books at the Cooke sale. August 15, 1883. Annual meeting. Hon. Francis Brinley was chosen chairman. It was voted to accept the amendment to the Charter. " Through the munificence of the late Joseph J. Cooke, who bequeathed $5000 to the Library, in books, to be purchased at the sale of his library; 715 valuable books have been acquired, to be added to at a future sale. And by a liberal provision in the will of our late associate, Dr. David King, 487 volumes have been added — about one-half the number expected, which at a future time will be increased by the income of a fund given by him for that purpose. The books from the Cooke sale were purchased through the kind- 4o6 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ness of John R. Bartlett, Esq., and there still remains unexpended the sum of ;^2402.49, ready for future use. " The books from the King sale were very valuable ; the bill for the purchase of 38 volumes amounting to ;^574.38. This remark- ably high cost was quite unexpected, and was owing to 14 bound volumes of old Newport Mercurys, which paper had never before been offered at public sale. The dates range from 1758 to 1792. The volumes are richly bound and could not be duplicated. They are perhaps the most important accessions of the year, and with the volumes owned by the Library (from 1795 to date) constitute a most valuable set of historic papers. The remainder of the afore- said books are well worth having. Mr. David King advanced ;$250 to assist in the purchase. The balance came from Mrs. William F. Weld, Mr. Marquand and others. The Company has thus become the possessor of a precious set of literary variety, without any outlay from its own well-known limited resources." The following tables indicate the growth of the Library by gift and purchase, and the extent and special character of the circula- tion during a period of eleven months (September i, 1882, to August 1,1883): Number of volumes, September i, 1882, Added by purchase, . Added by purchase (King sale), . Added by gift, .... Added by gift (King bequest). Added by gift (Cooke bequest), . Added by binding periodicals, . Number of volumes, August i, 1883, 24,470 86 38 254 487 713 5 26,053 Number of pamphlets added by gift, . 211 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 407 Circulation, Agriculture, botany and horticulture, Biography, . Fiction and juveniles, . Fine arts, . History, Law and politics, Literature, essays, etc., Periodicals, bound, Periodicals, in numbers, Philosophy, mental and moral, Poetry and drama. Science, .... Theology and ecclesiastic history, Travels, discoveries, etc.. Total circulation, 20 605 4090 91 622 40 615 323 1025 23 191 185 92 354 8276 "The Directors feel called upon to direct the attention of the stockholders and friends of the Library to the inadequacy of the income now received, which can be applied to current expenses, to the wants of the establishment. ** The plan inaugurated some time since to secure a fund of ten thousand dollars, or more, for incidental expenses, has so far been partially successful ; the shares subscribed being conditional on the whole amount being made up. The Directors urge that the stock- holders may devise some measure by which the resources of the Library can be put on a more liberal footing, assuring them, at the same time, that nothing but the most rigid economy (it might be said niggardly), has enabled them to make both ends meet. " It is painful to the Directors to acknowledge that while they take the utmost pride in the possession of the oldest and most valu- 4o8 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, able Library, of its class, and one better known and more widely appreciated than any other in the country, they are constantly humiliated by the necessity of apologizing for defects, growing out of its limited means." The following officers were elected : President. — Henry E. Turner. Vice-President. — William Gilpin. Directors. — William H. Ashhurst, William A. Clarke, Henry H. Fay, George W. Gibbs, David King, Le Roy King, George Gordon King, Job T. Langley, Seth W. Macy, Henry G. Marquand, George C. Mason, William P. Sheffield, Frederic W. Tilton, Hamilton B. Tompkins, Charles C. Van Zandt, George W. Wales. Treasurer. — Job T. Langley. Secretary. — William P. Sheffield, Jr. September lo, 1883. At a meeting of the Board, the following standing committees were chosen: On Books. William Gilpin, F. W. Tilton, George G. King, George C. Mason. On Finance. William A. Clarke, Seth W. Macy, Job T. Langley, Hamilton B. Tompkins. David King. On Pictures and Statuary. Henry H. Fay, Henry G. Marquand, George W. Wales. On Auditing of Accounts. William Gilpin, George C. Mason. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 409 On Repairs. William H. Ashhurst, George C. Mason, S. W. Macy. On By-Laws and Regulations. William P. Sheffield, Charles C. Van Zandt. On Expenditures. Le Roy King, Frederic W. Tilton. Mr. Gilpin reported that he had obtained a list of the books pur- chased by the Library at the last sale of books at the Joseph J. Cooke sale, and that the Library had still unexpended of its legacy of ;^50oo the sum of ;^2402.49. Among the notable accessions from this source, at the first sale, the following are worthy of mention : Lamb's Works, large paper copy, 5 vols., octavo, half morocco ; Hooker's Garden Ferns (64 colored plates); Works of Rabelais, 2 vols., octavo, London, 1708 — unique illustrated copy, with Picart's series of plates inserted ; Planche's Cyclopaedia of Costume, 4to; Forster's Dickens, 3 vols., in tree-calf; The Naval Chronicle, 40 vols., 8vo., London, 1799- 1818, half calf; Ackerman's Repository of Arts, 40 vols., 8vo., Lon- don, 18 10-1828, with colored plates, hand painted; Thurloe's State Papers, 7 vols., folio, Amsterdam, 1723-33, with plates; Gary's English Atlas, 4to., London, 1787; Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 16 vols., 4to., London, 1827-30, with 800 plates ; Lodge's Portraits of Illustrious Personages of Great Britain, 4to., 6 vols., London, 1823- 32, half vellum, plates on India paper; Arabian Nights' Entertain- ments, 3 vols., 8vo., in tree-calf; Chalmers's University of Oxford, 8vo., 1810; Rawlinson's Herodotus, 4 vols., 8vo. ; CEuvres de Mira- beau, 9 vols., 8vo. ; Knight's Gallery of Portraits, 7 vols., 8vo. ; Hervey's Naval History of Great Britain, 5 vols., with plates. 27 410 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, The Book Committee were authorized to spend to the amount of ;^iooo at the next sale, to take place October 1st, making such selections as they deemed best for the interest of the Library. Mr, Benjamin F. Thurston was elected Librarian, upon the same salary and provisions as to employing of an assistant. December lo, 1883. The Librarian, who had attended the auc- tion sales of the library of the late Joseph J. Cooke, in the interest of the Library, made a verbal report, that the Library had expended its legacy of ;^5C)00 and obtained many valuable works. The policy pursued by the Library at this sale was a conserva- tive one, the aim being to secure as far as possible works of stan- dard literary value, such as will increase the everyday working resources of the Library — to add to the material already possessed as many volumes as possible of the greatest possible working value. Accordingly, no attempt was made to secure works valuable solely, or largely, for their age, rarity, or special edition, and fancy prices were in every case carefully avoided. The collection comprises, however, works of great value, even for the collector, many of them in rich and elegant bindings, and others enriched by fine plates and engravings. Among the works secured there may be mentioned : In biography — Cunningham's Eminent and Illustrious English- men, 8 vols.; Dictionaire Universel, Historique, etc., 20 vols.; Life of Oliver Cromwell, London, 1731, rare; Farneworth's Sixtus the Fifth, Dublin, 1766; Heber's Jeremy Taylor, 2 vols.; Jones's Adam Clarke ; Ladvocat's Dictionaire Historique — Portratif, 2 vols., Paris, 1760; Maccall's Foreign Biographies, 2 vols.; Mahon's Louis, Prince of Conde ; Mavor's British Nepos, portraits ; Nugent's John Hampden, etc. ; D'Oyley's Archbishop Bancroft, 2 vols. ; Le Popu- laire Pantheon, 3 vols. ; Penn's Sir William Penn, 2 vols. ; Prior's Edmund Malone; Drake's Brief Memoir of Sir Walter Raleigh; NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 411 Rosenberg's Jenny Lind ; Rycaut's Pope's London, 1704; Scott's Eminent Novelists and Dramatists ; Johnson's John Selden, etc. ; Kenny's Life and Genius of Shakespeare; Mrs. Shelley's Eminent French Writers, 2 vols ; Stanton's .Reforms and Reformers ; Me- moirs of the Duke of Sully, 4 vols. ; White's Swedenborg ; Wal- ton's Lives of Donne, Wotton, Hooker, Herbert and Sanderson, 2 vols. ; Watson and Tytler's Songstresses of Scotland, 2 vols.; Wat- son's Philip Second and Philip Third, 3 vols., London, 1778 ; Lady Weigall's Princess Charlotte of Wales ; Wilde's Closing Years of Dean Swift's Life ; George Howard's Wolsey, the Cardinal, etc. ; Wraxall's Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway, 3 vols. ; Lord Byron's Last Journey to Greece, etc., and Putnam's Home Cyclopaedia of Biography. In history — Lettres, Originales, de Mirabeau, pendant les annees 1777-80, 4 vols., Paris, 1792; Malcom's Manners and Customs of London, to 1700; Hozier's Seven Weeks' War ; Munsell's Every- day Book of History and Chronology ; Planta's Helvetic Confed- eracy, 2 vols., London, 1800; Riley's Annals of Rogers de Hove- den, 732-1201, 2 vols. ; Rowland's English Constitution ; Statistical Account of Roxburyshire; Logan's Manners, Customs and Antiqui- ties of Scotland ; Secret Memoirs of the Court of Petersburg, reigns of Catherine IL and Paul L, Philadelphia, 1802; Sharpe's Egypt to A.D. 640, 2 vols.; Smith's Ancient History of the East; Spon's City and State of Geneva, folio, London, 1687; Stevenson's Wars of the English in France, reign of Henry VL ; Thirlwall's Greece, 2 vols.; Tillotson's Palestine, Egypt and Syria, 350 engravings; Tooke's Russia, 2 vols., London, 1800; Wilkinson's Ancient Egyptians, 2 vols., 500 woodcuts ; Baillie's Letters and Journals — England and Scotland, 1637- 1662, 2 vols., Edinburgh, 1775 ; Dixon's White Conquest, 2 vols. In theology and ecclesiastical history — Cook's Church of Scot- land, 3 vols., Edinburgh, 1815 ; Milner's Church of Christ, 8 vols., 412 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, London, 1810; Samuel Parr's Works , etc., 8 vols., large paper; Priestley's Christian Church, 2 vols., Northumberland, 1803; Southey's Book of the Church, 2 vols. ; Stanley's Lectures on the Church in Scotland ; Strachey's Jewish History and Politics ; Thie- baud's Gentilism ; Well's Historical Geography of the Old and New Testament, 2 vols., Oxford, 18 19. In sciences — Mantell's Geology of Sussex, 42 plates, London, 1822 ; Prichard's Physical History of Mankind, 2 vols., colored plates Siebold's Anatomy of the Invertebrata ; White's Natural History of Selbourne; Fy'fe's Anatomy of the Human Body, 2 vols., plates ; Herschell's Outlines of Astronomy. In poetry and the drama — Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome, fine edition; Dryden's Dramatic Works, 6 vols., London, 1725; Meilan's Telemachus, from the French of Fenelon, 4 vols., illus- trated, London, 1776; Morley's King and the Commons Cavalier and Puritan Song; Musarum Deliciae, 1656, Wit Restored, 1658, Wits Recreation, 1640, 2 vols., tree calf, reprint; Parton's Humor- ous Poetry of the English Language ; Works of Peter Pindar, 5 vols., London, 1794; Schiller's Poems and Ballads, translated by Lord Lytton, 2 vols., elegant edition ; Lamb's Specimens of English Dramatic Poets. In travel, etc. — The Modern Traveller, 29 vols. ; Morell's Alge- ria ; Mrs. Shelley's Germany and Italy, 2 vols. ; Wilson's Pelew Islands, large paper, London, 1788. Among works of reference — The Edinburgh Gazetteer, 6 vols. Harper's Universal Gazetteer ; Lempiere's Bibliotheca Classica Rennell's Bengal Atlas, folio, 1781 ; Gazetteer of Scotland, 2 vols. Treasury of Bible Knowledge ; Findley's Classical Atlas. In Shakespeariana — Stevens and Malone's edition of Shakes- peare's Plays, 8 vols., gilt calf, fine copy ; Ingleby's Views of the Shakespeare Controversy ; Poems of Shakespeare ; Retzsch's Out- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 413 lines to Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, and Othello, 4 vols., Leipsic, 1828-42. Among art works — Payne's Universum, or Pictorial World, 3 vols., quarto ; Pictorial Half-Hours, 2 vols., quarto ; Pinelli's Etch- ings (27) of Italian Manners and Costumes, folio, Rome, 1844; Sauvan's Picturesque Tour of the Seine, quarto ; Scenes in Italy, colored sketches ; Tennyson's Enoch Arden, illustrated by Billings ; Finden's Views of Harbors of Great Britain, quarto ; West Gallery of Pictures, engraved in Outlines by Moses, quarto ; Brooke's Winter Scenes in Lapland, folio ; Neale's Illustrations of Fonthill Abbey, plates on India paper, quarto, large paper. In architecture — Shaw's Architectural Sketches from the Conti- nent, 100 large plates of famous buildings in France, Italy and Ger- many, folio ; Sloane's Designs for Public and Private Buildings, folio; Ware's Complete Body of Architecture, over 100 fine copper- plates, folio, London, 1756; Unedited Antiquities of Attica, jj plates, folio, London, 1833. In general literature — Les Essais de Montaigne, 3 vols., London, 1781 ; Autograph of Caleb Gushing; Works of John Moore, 7 vols.; Moore's Odes of Anacreon, Philadelphia, 1805; Maximes et Reflexions Morales de Rochefoucauld, in three languages, Paris, 1828. Among miscellaneous works — The Eclectic Magazine, 39 vols. ; Kelley's Proverbs of all Nations ; Munsell's Paper and Paper- Making^ Murray's Manual of Mythology, 35 plates ; Palgrave's Truths and Fictions of the Middle Ages, tree calf; Phillips's Auto- graphic Album, 470 fac similes ; Pictures and Stories (The Saturday Journal); The Origin of Printing, London, 1776; Quarle's Em- blems, plates, Bristol, 1808 ; Repton's Landscape Gardening, colored plates, quarto ; Scheuchzer's Physique Sacree, on Histoire-Naturelle de la Bible, 715 engraved copper-plates, 4 vols., folio, Amsterdam, 1732 ; Somers's Judgment of Whole Kingdoms and Nations, octavo. 414 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Newport, R. L, reprinted and sold by Solomon Southwick in Queen Street in 1774; Symes's Embassy to the Kingdom of Ava, maps and plates, 3 vols., London, 1800; Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London, 1820-30, colored plates, 7 vols., quarto; Tweedie's Rivers and Lakes of Scripture, colored engravings ; Walker's Manly Exercises ; Barclay's Apology for the True Chris- tian Divinity, duodecimo, red levant morocco, gilt extra, Newport, R. I., printed by James Franklin, 1729; Brydge's Population and Riches of Nations, and Recollections of Foreign Travel, etc., 3 vols.; Autograph of Robert Southey ; Miller's Brief Retrospect of the Eighteenth Century, 3 vols., London, 1805. The third and last sale of the Cooke Library was held in New York on December 3-8. There remained still to the credit of the ten libraries made beneficiaries by the will of Mr. Cooke more than twenty thousand dollars, and the necessity of expending this amount in order to secure the full benefit of the several bequests, together with the great value of many of the lots offered, forced prices to a much higher figure than at either of the previous sales. Redwood Library adhered, as far as possible, to the policy pursued at the October sale, and endeavored to obtain works of standard working value, and such as are best adapted to the needs of the Library. Nearly five hundred volumes were secured, including several of special interest and importance to Newport and its immediate vicinity. Most prominent among these, and perhaps tlje most important purchase of the sale, is the " Order Book of the Revolu- tion — Rhode Island." This is a folio manuscript, finely bound in purple turkey morocco, containing military orders dated at Head- quarters, Newport, Providence, Tiverton, Swansey, Little Compton, etc., in 1778, the year in which was fought the battle of Rhode Island. The manuscript is in the handwriting of Josiah Fletcher, then an adjutant in a Massachusetts regiment, but contains the* auto- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 415 graphs of several other officers, including that of Major-General Sullivan, in command of the American forces during the battle. Appended is a certificate giving a history of the order book, and a receipt for one hundred dollars, for which it was purchased by Mr. Gooke. Redwood was fortunate enough to secure this unique and valuable document, which relates almost entirely to Newport county, for fifty-five dollars. Among the other works of interest and value secured at the recent sale are the following : General History. Bartlett's United States of America, 7 vols. ; Carrington's Battles of the American Revolution ; Coffin's Battle of the American Revo- lution ; Coffin's Battle of Breed's Hill ; Convention of Delegates from the New England States at Boston, August 3-9, 1780 — their Proceedings, with Notes, by F. B. Hough ; J. Fenimore Cooper's Battle of Lake Erie ; Dawson's Assault on Stony Point, by General Anthony Wayne ; De Costa's Northmen in Maine ; De Forest's Indians of Connecticut; Operations of the French Fleet under Count De Grasse in 1781-82 ; Drake's Witchcraft Delusion in New England, 3 vols. ; French's Historical Collections of Louisiana and Florida; Lion Gardiner's Pequot War, quarto; Salina Hale's United States ; Hennepin's Description of Louisiana, by J. G. Shea ; Herrera's General History of the Vast Continent and Islands of America, 6 vols., octavo, London, 1725 ; Hinton's History and Topography of the United States, with additions and correc- tions by S. L. Knapp and Rev. J. O. Choules, 2 vols., quarto ; Kidder's Boston Massacre ; Kidder's First New Hampshire Regi- ment in the Revolution; Kidder's Military Operations in Eastern Maine and Nova Scotia; Kip's Early Jesuit Missions in North America; Lechford's Plain Dealing, or News from New England, London, 1642 (reprinted, Boston, 1872); Marshall's History of the 41 6 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Colonies Planted by the English on the Continent of North America, etc., Philadelphia, 1824; Minot's Insurrections in Massachusetts in 1786, Boston, 1810; Murphy's Voyage of Verrazzano ; Williams- burg, Virginia, Orderly Book, 1776, quarto; Ruttenber's Indian Tribes of Hudson's River; Affecting Narrative of the Unfortunate Voyage and Catastrophe of His Majesty's Ship Wager, etc., Lon- don, 1 751; Otis's Rights of the Colonies Asserted and Proved, London, 1765 ; Otis's Vindication of the British Colonies, Boston, 1769; New York Historical Society, Publication Fund Series, 3 vols. ; Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Publication Fund Series, 9 vols., 14 portraits; Acts and Resolves of the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island, from October, 1798, to February, 181 3, 4 vols., folio; Sherwood's Comic History of the United States; Smith's New England Trials, reprint of the first edition of 1620; quarto, Cambridge, 1873 ; Spencer's United States, illustrated, 3 vols., quarto ; Staples's Documentary History of the Destruction of the Gaspee; Stone's Invasion of Canada in 1775, quarto; Sulli- van's Public Men of the Revolution; Upham's Lectures on Witch- craft ; Viscount Vaux's Mauritius, maps and charts, quarto, Lon- don, 1801 ; Governor Winthrop's Journal of Transactions, etc., in Massachusetts, 1630-1644, octavo, Hartford, 1790; Duyckinck's National History of the War for the Union, etc., steel engravings, 3 vols., quarto, in numbers as published ; Granger's Biographical History of England from Egbert to the Revolution, 6 vols, in 3 ; Noble's Biographical History of England from the Revolution to the End of the Reign of George I. (continuation of the preceding, bound uniform), 3 vols. ; Heckewelder's Indian Nations of Pennsyl- vania and Neighboring States ; M'Cullough's Concise History of the United States to 1795, map, Philadelphia, 1797; Sismondi's Crusade against the Albigenses; Maryland Historical Society, Pub- lication Fund Series, 9 pamphlets, uncut ; Henderson's Brazil, 28 plates, quarto ; History of the British Dominions in North America NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 417 in 1497 to 1763, quarto, London, 1773; Inquiry into the Present State of the British Navy, etc., London, 181 5 ; Moore's Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts ; Moore's Notes on the Employment of Negroes in the American Army of the Revolution ; Moore's Indian Wars of the United States ; Niles Principles and Acts of the Revolution. Local Histories (Town, County and State). Barnes's Settlement and Early History of Albany ; S. A. Drake's Middlesex County, Massachusetts, containing histories of eveiy city and town in the county, and general history of the county, 2 vols., quarto, Boston, 1880; Dunlap's New Netherlands, 2 vols. ; Hazard's Annals of Pennsylvania ; HoUister's Connecticut, 2 vols. ; Hollo- way's Kansas ; Hough's Papers Relating to Pemaquid, Maine, etc. ; Hough's Papers Relating to the Island of Nantucket, etc. ; Hough's Lewis County, New York, 22 portraits ; Howe and Barber's His- torical Collections of the State of New York ; Edwards's Illinois ; Daggett's Attleborough, Massachusetts ; Stone's Beverly, Massa- chusetts ; Johnstone's Bristol and Bremen, Maine ; Stiles's City of Brooklyn, 3 vols., illustrated ; Masten's Cohoes, New York ; Wor- thington's Dedham, Ma.ssachu setts ; Emerson's Douglas, Massachu- setts ; Pierce's Grafton, Massachusetts, with Genealogies ; Chase's Haverhill, Massachusetts, Cowley's Lowell, Massachusetts ; Potter's Manchester, New Hampshire ; Baylies's New Plymouth, 2 vols. ; Hall's Norwalk, Connecticut ; Willis's Portland, Maine ; Week's Salisbury, Vermont ; Ward's Shrewsbury, Massachusetts ; Simond's South Boston; Huntington's Stamford, Connecticut ; Richardson's Woonsocket, Rhode Island ; Neill's Minnesota, engravings, quarto ; Mulford's Civil and Political History of New Jersey; Proud's Penn- sylvania, 2 vols., Philadelphia, 1797; Stone's Poetry and History of Wyoming ; Watson's Pioneer Hi.story of the Champlin Valley ; Watson's County of Essex, New York ; Williamson's State of 418 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Maine, 2 vols. ; Austin's Massachusetts, 7 portraits ; Bridgman's Copp's Hill Epitaphs ; Benjamin Franklin's Historical Review of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 18 12. Biography. Nehemiah Adam's John Eliot ; Sir John Barrow's Richard Earl Howe (fac-similes of letters of George HI. and Lord Howe); Bar- nard's Educational Biography, Memoirs of Teachers, Educators, etc. ; Bartlett's Memoirs of Rhode Island Officers Engaged in the Service of their Country During the Great Rebellion, quarto ; Brown's Rufus Choate ; Sir Arthur Helps's Las Casas, " The Apos- tle of the Indies;" William Gammell's Alexis Caswell ; Woodman's Paul Coffin (contains journal of tour in Rhode Island) ; John Esten Cooke's Robert E. Lee ; Crosby's Abraham Lincoln ; Dixon's Wil- liam Penn ; Ellis's Jared Sparks, 15 portraits ; Frothingham's Joseph Warren ; Memorial of Henry D. Gilpin ; Hudson's Jemima Wilkin- son, duodecimo; Geneva, New York, 1821 ; Johnson's Nathaniel Greene, 2 vols., quarto, Charleston, 1822; Knapp's Aaron Burr; Lanman's Biographical Annals of the Civil Government of the United States During its First Century ; Samuel Mather's Very Reverend and Learned Cotton Mather, Boston, 1729; Memorial Biographies of the New England Historic- Genealogical Society; Moore's Governors of New Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay ; Park's Samuel Hopkins ; Parton's Thomas Jefferson ; Harrison's Life and Writings of John Howard Payne; Pond's Increase Mather and Sir William Phipps ; Memoir of Commodore David D. Porter ; Read's Henry Hudson; Rogers's New American Biographical Dic- tionary, etc., Easton, Pennsylvania, 1824; Life of William Scoresby ; Stone's Sir William Johnsort, 2 vols. ; White's Samuel Slater, the Father of American Manufacturers; Wilson's Biography of Ameri- can Military and Naval Heroes, 2 vols. ; Life and Letters of Gov- ernor Winthrop, of Massachusetts ; Brevoort's Verrazano, the Navi- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 419 gator ; Hawksley's Jonathan Edwards, compiled originally by Samuel Hopkins, London, 181 5; Moore's Ethan Allen; Literary Life of James K. Paulding; Deborah Sampson, the Female Soldier in the Revolution ; Lives of John Tyler, John Randolph and John C. Calhoun, bound together ; Wood's Historical and Biographical Memoirs. Genealogies. Whitmore's American Genealogist; Durrie's Bibliographia Gen- ealogica Americana ; Allen and Winter Families ; Bergen Family ; Brainerd Family, by David Dudley Field ; Chapman Family ; Chip- man Lineage; Descendants of Hugh Clark, of Watertown, Mass., 1640-1866; Crosby Family; Dawson Family Records; Hadley Families, or Early Settlers of Hatfield, South Hadley, Amherst and Granby ; Huntington Family; Descendants of William Hutchinson and Thomas Oliver, by W. H. Whitmore ; Janes Family ; Lawrence Family ; Morgan Family ; Mowry Family ; Mudge Family ; Preston Family. Washingtoniana. Aaron Bancroft's Life of Washington, 2 vols., 24mo., Boston, 1826; Edmond's Washington, 2 vols.; Frost's Pictorial Life of Washington ; Griswold and Lossing's Washington, numerous steel engravings, 10 vols. ; Weem's Washington, engravings, etc. ; Wash- ington and His Generals, 16 portraits on steel, 2 vols. ; Hough's Memorials of the Death of Washington, 2 vols. ; Last Will and Testament of Washington, Philadelphia, 1800; Memory of Wash- ington, etc., duodecimo, full purple levant, gilt extra, Newport, R. L, 1800; Washington's Official Letters to the American Con- gress (during the Revolution), 2 vols., London, 1795; Snowden^s Medals of Washington, etc., in the Museum of the Mint, 79 fac- simile engravings. 420 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Travel. Grosier's China, Tartary, etc., map and copper-plates, 2 vols., half vellum, London, 1788; Thompson's Southern Africa, illustrated, quarto, vellum; Anderson's Hawaiian Islands; Arctic Experiences; Marquis de Chastellux'.s Travels in North America in 1780-82, 2 vols., half blue morocco, London, 1787; Coffin's Our New Way Round the World ; Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America, from MSS. recently discovered in Spain ; Drake's New Universal Collection of Voyages and Travels, folio, London, 1770; Lamont's Yachting in the Arctic Seas, plates, half vellum. Miscellaneous. Ninety-one characteristic Portraits collected by Lavater, quarto ; . Poetical Works of Fitz-Greene Halleck and Joseph Rodman Drake, steel engravings; Gessner's New Idylles, numerous copper-plates, London, 1776; Vindication of the Captors of Major Andre; Auto- graphs, etc., collected by J. Cross, 2 vols. ; Poems of George Ban- croft ; John R. Bartlett's Progress of Ethnology; Benjamin Bass's Speedy Return to God, assisted and pressed in a plain discourse, the substance of which was delivered at Newport on Rhode Island, small duodecimo, Boston, 1726; Letters from Buenos Ayres and Chili, engravings, pictorial binding, London, 18 19; Catalogue of the Library of Rev. J. O. Choules, D.D. ; John Cotton's Keyes to the Kingdom of Heaven, etc., quarto, London, 1644; Durfee's Williams College; EUis's Aims and Purposes of the Founders of Massachu- setts; Freneau's Poems Relating to the American Revolution; John Hancock's Oration in Boston, March 5, 1774, octavo, Newport, R. I., 1774; Hart's Female Prose Writers of America; Hooker's Flora Boreali Americana, 238 copper-plates, 2 vols., quarto ; Samuel Hopkins's Inquiry into the Nature of True Holiness, octavo, New- port, R. I., 1772; Stevens's Colonial Records of the New York NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 421 Chamber of Commerce, 1768-84, portraits, plans, etc.; Ward's Sim- ple Cobbler, of Aggawam in America, reprint, Boston, 1843 ; Gray's Botany of Wilkes's United States Exploring Expedition, quarto, with folio atlas of 100 plates, 2 vols. ; Letters of Roger Williams, edited by J. R. Bartlett for the Narragansett Club ; Willis's Current Notes, a series of articles on Antiquities, Biography, History, etc., 7 vols, in 3, quarto; Journal of the Cruise of the Privateer Brig Yankee, 18 12, folio ; Arctic News, fac-simile of Newspaper published on board H. M. S. Resolute in search of Sir John Franklin, atlas folio ; Twenty-two outline engravings by H. R. Selous, illustrative of Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, with Life of Bunyan, oblong folio ; Burns's Poems, etc., fac-simile reprint of original edition of 1786, Newport, R. L, 1870; Fugitive Scottish Poetry, Edinburgh, 161 3, reprint, 1823; Milton's Paradise Lost, duodecimo, London, 1678; Observations on the Petitions from Various Merchants of Rhode Island to Congress, etc., small quarto, Newport, R. I., 1803; Ovid's Metamorphoses in Latin and English, etc., illustrated by Picart, etc., 2 vols., folio, Amsterdam, 1732; Historical Map of Pennsylvania, showing Indian names of streams, villages, sites of old forts, etc. ; Illustrations to Poetical Works of Sir Walter Scott, 40 steel engrav- ings ; Hall's Forty Etchings, from sketches in North America, quarto ; Knickerbocker Gallery, 48 portraits on steel. At the first sale in March last there was expended ;^2597.5i ; in October, $673.05, and at the concluding sale, ;^ 1728.48. The Library thus secures the full amount of the original bequest of $5000, save the small balance of 96 cents unexpended. The number of volumes purchased in March was 715, in October 621, and in December 476. It will thus be seen that Redwood has within the year received an accession of more th^n 1800 volumes, many of them of exceeding interest and value, and the importance of this 42 2 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, addition to the resources of the Institution can hardly be over- estimated. March lo, 1884. Mr. Fay read the following report: Newport, December 31, 1883. To the President of the Redwood Library. Sir: We beg to advise having procured subscriptions from the following persons, for the purpose of defraying the cost of two new book-cases, some matting, and for cleaning in the building : Mrs. Edward King, Messrs. George W. Wales, John Foster, George Peabody Wetmore, and W. G. Weld, each $2^ ; Mr. H. G. Marquand, ^20; A Friend, ;^io; and Mr. David King, ;^32.05 ; in all, ;^ 1 87.05. Independently of ourselves, we should be glad if the other sub- scribers receive some official acknowledgment of their gifts, the book-cases and matting being now in place, and paid for. We are, sir, Your obedient servants, George W. Wales, David King, Committee, Voted : The Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum, in behalf of the Corporation, gratefully acknowledge the gift of the new book-cases, now placed in the east hall of the Library building, the donation of Mrs. Edward King, and Messrs. George W. Wales, John Foster, George Peabody Wetmore, William G. Weld, Henry G. Marquand, David King ; and also the gift of floor matting, for use in the old halls, from the same donors. Resolved : That the acknowledgment of these gifts be entered upon our records, and a copy of this resolution and acknowledg- ment be forwarded to each of the donors, as a slight token of our appreciation of their generosity, and for the interest which they have always taken in the prosperity of the Library. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 423 May 20, 1 884. Special meeting, called to take action on the death of Hon. Seth W. Macy, which had been announced to the Board. On motion of Mr. Sheffield the following preamble and resolutions were adopted : "Whereas, the Honorable Seth W. Macy, who had long been a devoted friend of this Institution and a member of this Board of Directors, was on Sunday morning last removed from this life, and we, his associates in the Board of Directors, are now convened to give expression of our appreciation of the merits of our deceased associate, and to take such action in reference to his obsequies as we may deem to be appropriate to the occasion ; " We do hereby resolve : That it is with unfeigned sorrow that we have received the intelligence which makes it certain that we are no more to be enlightened by the wisdom, to be sustained by the judgment, or to be encouraged by the hopefulness of our late lamented associate, whose undeviating devotion to the best interests of this Institution made him a cherished member of this Board, whose presence was always desired and whose conduct here has always been honorable to himself and beneficial to this Corporation ; That in behalf of the Redwood Library we acknowledge the debt of gratitude this Institution owes for the vigilant watchfulness, the * resolute purpose and energetic action of our late associate in pro- moting the welfare of this Institution, and in making it subserve the charitable object of its foundation ; That as a further mark of respect for our late associate, the Directors of the Redwood Library will attend the funeral of the deceased on Wednesday, the 21st instant, and that the Library be closed on the day of the funeral after one o'clock P.M., and that a copy of this preamble and resolutions be taken to the family of the deceased by the President and Secretary, who are requested to express to them the condolence and sympathy of this Board in their bereavement." 424 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ' CHAPTER XIV. 1884— 1890. Y the report of the Directors, it was shown at the annual meeting, September, 1884, that the additions through the year were as follows : By gift 165 volumes, by purchase 142 volumes, and by purchase under Mr. Cooke's bequest 1097 volumes, making the whole number in the Library 24,457. Pamphlets given during the year, 235. " Wire screens have not only been placed by Mr. David King, on • the cases in the north wing, which contain the books given by the late Dr. King ; but also to all cases in the original Library room and the reading rooms ; these last through the liberality of Messrs. Le Roy and George Gordon King." Among the gifts of the year was an original bust of Gilbert Stuart, in bronze by Brower, a work of great merit, presented by Mr. David King. At the election of officers, the old Board were re-elected. The standing committees were: On Books. George Gordon King, William Gilpin, George C. Mason, F. W. Tilton. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 425 On Finance. William A. Clarke, Le Roy King, David King, Job T. Langley, Hamilton B. Tompkins. On Pictures and Statuary. Henry H, Fay, Henry G. Marquand. George W. Wales. On Auditing Accounts. William Gilpin, George C. Mason. On Repairs. William H. Ashhurst, George G. King, George C. Mason. On By-Laws and Regulations. William P. Sheffield, Charles C. Van Zandt. On Expenditures. Le Roy King, F. W. Tilton. Messrs. William Gilpin, George C. Mason and Le Roy King were appointed a committee to present the names of suitable can- didates for the office of Librarian, to report at an adjourned meeting. Adjourned meeting. September 20, 1884. The committee ap- pointed to offer the names of candidates for the office of Librarian, reported in favor of the selection of Mr. Richard Bliss, who was believed to have all the proper qualifications ; and he was chosen as Librarian, upon the same terms that the late Librarian was em- 28 426 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ployed, viz. : twelve hundred dollars per year, and he to employ his assistant. The thanks of the Board were presented to Mr. William W. Tucker, in behalf of the Corporation, for his liberal gift towards making needed repairs on the Library building. December 15, 1884. Mr. Le Roy King, of the Committee to Solicit Subscriptions to the General Current Expense Fund, pre- sented the report of the committee, as follows : To the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenceum : Gentlemen : The committee to solicit subscriptions for a General Current Ex- pense Fund, respectfully presents its report of moneys paid to the Treasurer, and beg to be released from further duty in the matter : Contributions to the General Current Expense Fund. Mrs. J. C. Brown, ;^200 00 J N. Brown, . 100 00 J. S. Bryce, 50 00 Joseph J. Cooke, 100 00 William A. Clarke, . 100 00 John Foster, . . 1,000 00 F. 0. French, . 100 00 A Friend, 100 00 David King, 150 00 Mrs. Edward King, . . 1,000 oc George G. King, 250 00 Mary Le Roy King, . 200 00 Le Roy King, . 200 00 Daniel Le Roy, 50 00 H. G. Marquand, . 3,000 00 Miss E. F. Mason, . . • 500 00 Miss I. M. Mason, . 500 00 Carried forward, .... . $7,600 00 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 427 Brought forward, ;^7,6oo 00 Mrs. Perry, lOO 00 Enoch Pratt, ....... 100 00 S. M. Pratt, 100 00 W. C. Rives, . . . . . .' . 100 00 J. G. Rosengarten, . . . . . . 10 00 F. W. Stevens, 200 00 A. P. Stokes, ....... 100 00 W. P. Sheffield, . . • . . . 100 00 Alfred Smith, 200 00 W. K. Thorn, . . . . . . . 250 00 D. Torrence, ....... 100 00 S. J. Torrence, 100 00 H. B. Tompkins, ...... 100 00 F. Wharton, . . . . . . . 50 00 C. W. Wharton, ...... 100 CX) G. W. Wales, ....... 100 00 G. P. Wetmore, . . . . . . 500 00 Dividends, Savings Bank De- posit, $2(^\ 25 Interest on Bonds (Gift of H. G. Marquand), . . . . 190 00 Interest on Bonds (Gift of Mrs. E. King), .... 30 00 511 25 Total, ;^io,42i 25 Henry G. Marquand, Le Roy King, George G. Mason, Cornmiitee. Voted : That the above report be received and spread upon the records, and that the committee be discharged; and it was further. Voted : That the thanks of the Board be extended to the com- mittee for their efficient service in procuring the subscriptions. 428 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, June 20, 1885. Special meeting, when the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : Resolved : That in the decease of our friend and associate, Wil- liam H. Ashhurst, Esq., the Directors of the Redwood Library recognize a dispensation which deprives them of a most estimable and valued colleague, and the Library of a conscientious and faith- ful official, and one whose interest and solicitude for the best welfare of the Institution were of great benefit to it and whose amiable and gentle character endeared him to all who knew him. Resolved : That the expression of our warmest sympathy be ten- dered to his family, and that a copy of these resolutions be presented to them. Resolved; That these resolutions be published in each of the local papers. August 19, 1885. Annual meeting. The retiring officers were re-elected, with Hon. Francis Brinley to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Ashhurst. The Librarian reported : No. of volumes in the Library, Aug. 19, 1884, . 27,457 " " added by purchase, 207 " donation, . 392 " " " binding periodicals. 36 No. of volumes in the Library, Aug. 15, 1885, 28,092 No. of pamphlets added, . . . . '. 255 Among the more important gifts to the Library may be men- tioned a set of the new edition of Kent's Commentaries, from Mrs. William H. Ashhurst ; Mason's Reminiscences of Newport, from Mr. G. C. Mason ; the handsome catalogue of the library of George Gordon King, from Mr. G. G. King; the Proceedings of the Massa- chusetts Historical Society for 1884-85, and Vol. X. of the Collec- tions of the same Society, from Miss Ellen Mason ; Vol. HI. of NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 429 Sibley's Harvard Graduates, from Dr. Samuel A. Green, of Boston ; and Dexter's Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale Col- lege, from Hon, George Peabody Wetmore. Among the important purchases attention should be called to a subscription to the hand- some and valuable translation of Dury's History of Rome, six sec- tions of which have already been received. The following table shows a slight increase in the number of volumes in circulation this year over that of last, though it falls de- cidedly below that for 1882 and 1883. The large increase in the circulation for those years may be explained by the considerable accession of books from the King and Cooke bequests, and by the fact that at that time more than three books were allowed to be taken out at a time by one person. When, in 1884, the rule was made, limiting the number of books issued to any one person to three, the circulation naturally fell off largely. The gain reported this year is probably the gain which may reasonably be expected to accompany the growth of the Library. It is interesting to note, however, that, cceieris paribus, the circulation increases in proportion to the number of books annually added, and not in proportion to the size of the Library : Ciradation, 1880, . 7932 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 7833 9383 8376 7644 7851 As regards the character of the circulation it will be seen from the subjoined table that, as usual, fiction occupies by far the most prominent place. This is more remarkable since the Library now adds comparatively few books of this class to its shelves. Further- more, many of the most popular works of fiction and juvenile books have been so much worn that it was found necessary early in the year to remove them from the shelves till they could be bound. Notwithstanding these drawbacks the circulation of fiction and juveniles during the past year was sixty-one per cent, of the whole 430 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, circulation ; and assuming that one-third of the magazines taken out was for the sake of the current novels contained in them, the percentage rises to about seventy. It must be remembered, how- ever, that in Newport the Library is used most during the summer months when so many of the inhabitants of the larger cities are gathered here, and consequently caution must be used in making generaHzations based upon this large percentage of light reading. Next to the novels and magazines, in point of popularity, comes biography, closely followed by history and description of travels. A larger circulation in the departments of the fine and mechanical arts, sociology and science would undoubtedly have been seen had the book funds been sufficient to enable the committee not only to purchase all the desirable new books in these classes, but to supply deficiencies caused by a similar lack in past years. An estimate made to ascertain the proportion of old to new books in circulation reveals the fact that over sixty per cent, of the total circulation, ex- clusive of fiction and the magazines, was of books purchased within a year. Fiction and Juveniles, .... 4814 Magazines (bound, 272; numbers, 528), 800 Biography, ...... 713 Description and Travels, 451 Historyj 427 Literature, . . . . . . 228 Essays and Collected Works, 144 Poetry and Drama, . . . . 59 Letters and Oratory, . 25 Science, i • 131 Religion and Ecclesiastical History, • 85 Fine arts, > 49 General, ...... • 15 Architecture, . 15 Graphic, . . . . 10 Plastic, • 9 Carried forward, .... i • 7698 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, 431 Brought forward, . . 7698 Mechanic arts, . . . 6 Recreative arts, .... 3 Greek and Latin classics, 49 Philosophy, 17 Sociology, 14 Rural economy and horticulture, . II Medicine, ..... 9 Philology, 8 Unclassified, 6 Total, 7821 October 12, 1885. The portrait of Paul Mumford, bequeathed to the Library by the will of Miss Avis C. Mumford, deceased, was presented to the Library by her executor ; was received, and assigned a place on the walls of the Library. Mr. Mason stated to the Board, that Mr. George Gordon King had offered to make certain needed repairs upon the exterior and interior of the building ; whereupon it was voted that the offer of Mr. King be gratefully accepted by the Board. This was more fully touched upon by President Turner in the annual report : " The improvement has been accomplished through the instru- mentality of George Gordon King, Esq., whose generosity mani- fested itself in furnishing means by which the Library buildings have been thoroughly renovated and repaired, and painted both out- side and in, and a handsome and substantial iron fence built. Mr. King has also erected a gallery on the west side of the middle hall, capable of containing about two thousand volumes. " These expenditures Mr. King devoted to the use of the Library, as a tribute to the memory of his deceased brother, Alexander Mercer King ; and the Directors have deemed it proper and have accordingly given to this gallery the name of the "Alexander Mercer King Memorial Gallery." " The Directors feel that they cannot too warmly express their 432 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, sense of the obligation under which the Society and its individual members are placed by Mr. King's thoughtful munificence, or too highly praise the public spirit which prompted his action." January ii, 1886. Mr. Mason, of the Committee on Repairs, reported that the repairs upon the building had been completed ; that the Library building was in thorough order, from the roof to the cellar ; that a new gallery had been added to the middle room, and the interior had been suitably painted. The report was received and was ordered to be recorded, and the same committee was requested to make such expenditures as were deemed necessary, to put back the books in their places, and prepare the Library for re-open ing."° Voted : That Mr. Mason be a committee to alter and add to the memorial tablet on the west wall of the Library building, which sets forth the date of erection and enlargement of the building, and the name of the architects, so that the same shall include the date of the last additional wing [1875], and Mr. Mason's name as its architect. On motion of Mr. Fay, the following resolutions were adopted : Whereas, the Library building, which had for several years urgently needed repairs and suffered great detriment from their ^^" It was voted to close the Library for a few weeks, while the work was going on. The value of the *' improvements " can hardly be over-estimated. To them much of the present attractiveness of the reading-room is due. The walls and ceiling were given a warm. tone — a combination of pleasing and contrasting colors — the light, from artistic brackets and chandelier, was more diffused, the tables were re-arranged, and noise from a foot-fall was deadened by heavy matting. It has done more than aught else to draw to the reading-room, daily, many persons who find it pleasant to gather where the surroundings are so attractive ; and where they find the tables supplied with the latest products of the press, and the leading journals of the day. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 433 postponement, has now, through the liberality of Mr. George Gordon King, been placed in perfect order from roof to cellar, thoroughly cleaned, painted, both inside and out, and enlarged in its accommodation for books by an additional gallery ; Resolved: ist. That the generosity of Mr. King, guided by his knowledge of the wants of the Library, and an earnest interest in its welfare, has taken the most practical form possible to preserve, perpetuate and extend its usefulness, by enhancing its attractions and increasing its advantages. 2d. That in conformity to the desire of Mr. King, that this munifi- cent and needed work should stand as a memorial of his brother, the late Alexander Mercer King, we not only render to him our thanks for his opportune and thoughtful liberality, but also place upon our records the fact that it is such a memorial of one whose worth was appreciated fully by us, as by all those who knew him. 3d. That the new gallery, which has so greatly enlarged the capacity of the Library and added to its convenience, shall be, and hereby is, designated the Alexander Mercer King Memorial Gallery. 4th. That as the many instances of liberality on the part of Mr. King and other members of his family in the past, have demon- strated their abiding interest in the welfare of the Redwood Library, we shall strive to manifest our appreciation by a renewed energy in developing its usefulness, and by so devoting our best efforts to the advancement of its interests, that we may transmit to our succes- sors an institution that shall, in the future as in the past, entitle it to the regard of all who are interested in the cultivation of literature and mental improvements in this community. March 8, 1886. It was made known to the Board that the Library was to have the collection of books left by Judge Emott, of Pough- keepsie, N. Y. 434 ANNALS OP THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, The following clause in the will of Judge Emott, deceased, admitted to probate, September 22, 1884, being read: " I ith. Subject to the selection and bequest, I give all my books not herein specifically bequeathed, to the city of Poughkeepsie, for the benefit of its public library, and to be placed therein ; provided and on condition that said city, within eighteen months after this will is proved, provide and apply to the purchase of books for said library, or accommodations for the same, the sum of five thousand dollars in addition to any and all ordinary and annual appropria- tions or receipts. "If said city shall neglect or decline to provide and expend said sum as aforesaid, then I give said books to the Redwood Library, in Newport, Rhode Island, the town which was the birthplace of my mother, Hester W. Crary." ^^^ It was voted : That Messrs. Henry H. Fay and Hamilton B. Tompkins be a committee to receive the books donated to the Red- *'^ As Judge Emott was a resident of a distant city, and was not famil- liarly known in Newport, it is but fitting that some mention of him here, than the above, should have a place in these annals. ''James Emott was born in 1823. He was the son of the Hon. James Emott, of Poughkeepsie, New York, a man of high distinction as a law- yer, and who had occupied with honor and distinction seats in the State and National Legislatures, and was the first County Judge of Duchess County, and afterwards a Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of New York ; he also held high position as an honorable and accomplished business man, and was at his decease President of the ancient Duchess County Bank. His death occurred in 1850. *' His wife, Hester Crary, a lady of remarkable sweetness of character, and of most exemplary Christian life, was a native of Newport, and was the daughter of Archibald Crary, who was Colonel of a Rhode Island regiment in the Continental line of the American army of the Revolu- tion, though ia native of Connecticut (viz., ist Battalion, 1777), who had been a resident of East Greenwich before and during the Revolution, and was afterward domiciled in Newport and was a well-known and highly- esteemed citizen of this town, and was a member of the Society of Cin- NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 435 wood Library by the last will and testament of James Emott, late of Poughkeepsie, deceased, and to receipt for and discharge the ex- ecutor of said will therefor, and to take such action and incur such expense as may be necessary to place the said donation in the Library, cinnati in Rhode Island, and from 1800 to 181 1 Vice-President of that body. ** Under the careful guidance of his father, the youth made rapid pro- gress in study, and at the age of fifteen years he entered the sophomore class of Columbia College. He was a diligent student, and made such good use of his advantages that, on the expiration of his three years' term he graduated with the highest honors of his class. " In 1850 the father died, and the son succeeded him as President of the old Duchess County Bank ; this position he held until his death. When Poughkeepsie became a city he was honored by being elected its first Mayor, and in 1855 he was nominated by the Republican party and elected as Justice of the Supreme Court for the Second Judicial District, being then thirty-two years of age. Eight years later, in 1863, having served part of this term with great acceptance as Judge of Appeals, he retired from the bench and assumed the practice of law in the city of New York. "Up to 1870 he pursued his professional avocations, mingling them with all other good works as occasion offered, with great earnestness and diligence. Soon after that time his health began to yield to the too great demands upon him, and yet he persisted until near his end in painful struggles to answer all the requirements of his position. "Judge Emott was deeply interested in the Union cause, and was chiefly instrumental in sending to the front the first regiment from Duchess County, and never, to his death, ceased to regret that the solicitations of his friends had dissuaded him from abandoning his important duties at home and taking the field. " He was a devout member of the Episcopal Church, and a profound theological student and reasoner. On this point Mr. Satterlee's paper is copious, and our space will not permit our following the subject. " The sentiment which led Judge Emott to present his library to this Institution as a memento of his respect for the memory of his mother, is one which all must admire as creditable to himself and a just tribute to her exalted character." 436 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, May lo, 1886. Mr. Fay, from the special committee to whom was referred the bequest of Judge Emott, reported that he had received a letter from the executor of Judge Emott's will, stating that he was ready to deliver the books to the Library, and was anxious that they should have them boxed and removed from the house before June ist, if conv^enient. It was thereupon Voted : That Mr. Tompkins, of the committee, be requested to go to Poughkeepsie, to attend to the boxing and removal of the books. June 14, 1886. The Librarian reported that Governor Wetmore had offered to put up a case for books, capable of holding nine hun- dred volumes, subject to the condition that no books bequeathed should occupy the case, but that it should be for the free use of the Library ; which offer was accepted. August 9, 1886. Mr. Fay, of the committee to receive the be- quest of Judge James Emott, reported that they had performed the duties assigned to them, and upon their recommendation, it was Voted : " The Directors of the Redwood Library, having received from the executors of the will of the late Judge James Emott, of Poughkeepsie, New York, the fine Library bequeathed by him to this Institution as a memorial of his mother, Hester W, Crary, who was born in this city, desire to place upon record their thorough appreciation of this large and valuable addition to our collection of books, and their acknowledgment of the courtesy received from the executors, in the arrangements for the transfer of the bequest. •* The memory of Judge Emott's mother is still revered by those of our aged citizens who remembered her, and this generous gift from her son will cause his name to be gratefully recalled ; not only by those who were accustomed to meet him in his occasional visits to Newport, but also by a still larger number of lovers of good read- ing who frequent the Library, and will be benefited by the increase in its facilities for usefulness." NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 437 The Librarian said in his annual report : Although the greater part of this accession is still unready for circulation, the books have been roughly classified in order to ex- hibit their character, which is shown in the subjoined table. It will there be seen that more than half of this bequest consists of works of history, biography and belles-lettres. These are all standard works in excellent condition — many of them being in fine bindings — and will unquestionably add largely to the resources of the Library. In so carefully and judiciously selected a library as Judge Emott's it is of course likely that there will be many works which will duplicate the volumes now on our shelves ; but the duplicates will be mainly those which are most needed by our patrons, and consequently those most in demand. Until these new books are shelved it will be impossible to tell exactly how many duplicate volumes there may be among them. Classification of the Emott Bequest . History, . . 721 Biography, . 441 Religio'us and ecclesiastical literature, . . 175 Description. and travel, . . . . . . 149 English literature: Collected works and essays, . 268 Correspondence and speeches. 45 Poetry and the drama, . . . . 126 Fiction, 100 539 Foreign literature, ...... 47 Greek and Latin classics, . . . . 158 Literary history, . . . . . 15 Philosophy, . . . . . . 30 Art and archaeology, . . . . 57 Sociology, . . . . . . 35 Medicine, ....... Carried forward, .... 10 2377 438 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Brought forward, . • • • • . 2377 Jurisprudence, • • * • . 23 Natural science, • • • . 20 Philology, • • • • 26 Periodicals (bound), • • • • . 304 Miscellaneous, • • • • 108 Total, . 2858 Number of volumes in the Library, August 15, 1885, 28,092 Number of volumes added by purchase, . . 298 •Number of volumes added by donation, . . 336 Number of volumes added by Emott bequest, . 2,858 Number of volumes added by binding periodicals, 1 16 Total in the Library, August 18, 1886, . . 31,700 Pamphlets added, ....... 234 Odd numbers of magazines added, . . . 721 • "That the renovation of the interior of the building, making it a much more attractive place for reading and study, has been appre- ciated by the patrons of the Library, is fully shown in the marked increase in the number of frequenters of the Library, which has been many times greater this year than last. Total Circulation, 1880, 7932 1881, . . . 7833 1882, 9383 1883, %n6 1884, ......... 7644 1885, . . . . . . •. . . 7851 1886, . . 6833 " As regards the extra-mural circulation, it will be seen that, as NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 439 usual, works of fiction enormously outnumber those of any other department; the proportion for nine months of this year being 48.25 per cent, of the whole. The cause which contributes largely to this unusually high percentage was mentioned in the report for the preceding year. In other departments the figures show an actual increase in circulation in works relating to history, belles- lettres and poetry, philosophy, and particularly in religious and ecclesiastical literature. Of course this increase may not indicate any actual change in the popular taste, but may be owing mainly to the character of the works purchased in these departments. Fiction and juveniles, . . . . 3297 Periodicals (bound volumes), . 246 Periodicals (numbers), . . . . 823 Biography, • 571 History, ..... . 549 Description and travel, . . . . . 354 Collected works and essays, . . 226 Poetry and the drama, . 115 Greek and Latin classics. . 87 Literary history, .... 53 Religious and ecclesiastical history. . . 215 Science, ...... 129 Art and archaeology. . 48 Philosophy, ...... 34 Miscellaneous, .... 86 Total, . 6833 Dr. Henry E. Turner declined a re-election as President and Mr. William Gilpin as Vice-President. The following officers were then elected : President, — Le Roy King. Vice-President, — Henry H. Fay. Directors, — Francis Brinley, William A. Clarke, George W. Gibbs, William Gilpin, David King, George G. King, Job T. Lang- 440 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ley, Henry G. Marquand, George C. Mason, William P. Sheffield, William P. Sheffield, Jr., Frederic W. Tilton, Hamilton B. Tomp- kins, Henry E. Turner, Charles C. Van Zandt, George W. Wales. Treasurer, — Job T. Langley. Secretary, — William P. Sheffield, Jr. STANDING COMMITTEES. On Books. George G. King, George C. Mason, William Gilpin, F. W. Tilton. On Finance. Williarn A. Clarke, Henry E. Turner, David King, Job T, Langley, Hamilton B. Tompkins. On Pictures and Statuary. Henry H. Fay, Henry G. Marquand, George W. Wales. On Auditing Accounts. William Gilpin, George C. Mason. On Repairs. George C. Mason, George G. King, William P. Sheffield, Jr. On By-Laws and Regulations. William P. Sheffield, Charles C. Van Zandt, Francis Brinley. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 441 On Expenditures. Henry E. Turner, F. W. Tilton, William P. Sheffield, Jr. April II, 1887. The Treasurer reported that he had received the sum of ;^952.50, being the amount of a legacy of ;^iooo, less a suc- cession tax of ^^47.50, from the estate of Madame Charlotte Panon,"'^ of Paris ; which sum by orders of the Directors was de- posited in the Newport Savings Bank, to the credit of the " General Current Expense Fund." May 7, 1887. The death of Mr. William A. Clarke, a member of the Board, having been announced, Mr. Brinley offered the follow- ing resolutions, which were unanimously adopted : " Resolved : That the death of the venerable William A. Clarke deprives the Redwood Library and Athenaeum of the services of an associate whose official connection with the Library possibly ante- dates that of any living member of its government. " His special interest in this Corporation and a few other local associations was of a twofold origin, partly inherited from his father, whose memory he ever tenderly cherished, and partly from his conviction that those institutions were essential to the prosperity of Newport. " His happiness seemed to rest upon a triple foundation : first, the serenity of his bachelor home, which was under the parental roof where he lived and died ; second, his unswerving attention to the duties incident to the fiscal trusts confided to him ; and third, the « *^^ Madame Panon, who was a lineal descendant of Abraham Redwood, was the daughter of Abraham Redwood Ellery and the widow of Marias Panon. During the latter years of her life she had resided in Paris. Her remains were brought to Newport and deposited in the Island Cemetery. 29 442 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, ministrations of the Unitarian Church, in whose doctrines he had an enthusiastic faith. " Resolved : That as his characteristics always leaned to virtue's side, it is fit and proper that the Directors of the Redwood Library and Athenaeum should place on record a testimony of their appre- ciation of the honorable career of their departed associate. " Resolved : That a certified copy of these resolutions be sent by the Secretary to Mr. Henry A. Clarke, Newport, R. I., and to Mr. Dumont Clarke, of New York city, they being nephews to our deceased friend, and also that copies be furnished for publication in the Newport Daily News and Newport Mercury y June 13, 1887. The death of Mr. Job T. Langley, a member of the Board, and the efficient Treasurer, having been announced, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : " Whereas, Job T. Langley, a Director and long the Treasurer of this Corporation, has in the providence of God been removed from this life since the last meeting of this Board, and it is fitting and appropriate that we should take such action as may appear to be proper, expressive of our appreciation of the services to this Library of our deceased associate ; '* It is .therefore Resolved : That in the decease of Mr. Langley this Board of Directors recognize the loss to this Institution of a conscientious, faithful and efficient officer, who as Treasurer and Director has uprightly and wisely discharged all the duties which devolved upon him, and the members of this Board have been deprived of a highly respected and useful associate. " Resolved : That a copy of this preamble and resolutions be placed upon the records, and that a copy thereof, signed by the President and Secretary, be transmitted to the widow of the deceased." On motion of Mr Fay, it was voted that the Board attend the funeral of Mr. Langley, and that the Library be closed from eleven NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 443 o'clock until four o'clock, on the day of the funeral, as a mark of respect to the memory of the deceased. Mr. George Gordon King was elected Treasurer of the Corpora- tion until the annual meeting. It was voted: That the gift of Mr. Henry G. Marquand [three hundred dollars], for the purpose of binding books, be gratefully acknowledged by the Board. July II, 1887. The hospitalities of the Library were extended to the Society of the Cincinnati during the approaching [triennial] session in this city. August 17, 1887. Annual meeting. Mr. George W. Wales declined to serve longer as a Director, to the regret of the Com- pany. The following officers for the year ensuing were elected : President.-^— \.Q Roy King. Vice-President. — Henry H. Fay. Directors, — Francis Brinley, George W. Gibbs, Theodore K. Gibbs, William Gilpin, David King, George G. King, Henry G. Marquand, George C. Mason, William P. Sheffield, William P. Shef- field, Jr., Frederic W. Tilton, Hamilton B. Tompkins, Henry E. Turner, Charles C. Van Zandt. Treasurer, — George Gordon King. Secretary, — William P. Sheffield, Jr. standing committees. On Books. George G. King, George C. Mason, William Gilpin, ' F. W. Tilton. On Finance. David King, Henry E. Turner, Hamilton B. Tompkins. 444 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, On Pictures and Statuary. Henry H. Fay, Henry G. Marquand, Theodore K. Gibbs. On Auditing Accounts. William Gilpin, George C. Mason. On Repairs. George C. Mason, George G. King, William P. Sheffield, Jr. On By-Laws and Regulations. William P. Sheffield, Charles C. Van Zandt, Francis Brinley. On Expenditures. Henry E. Turner, F. W. Tilton, Wilham P. Sheffield, Jr. The following table shows the growth of the Library during the past year : Number of volumes in the Library, Aug. 17, 1886, 31,700 " " added by purchase, . . 279 donation, " " " exchange of dupli cates, . Total in the Library, August 17, 1887, Pamphlets added, ..... Odd numbers of periodicals added, 307 32,288 344 107 The Librarian gave the following information in his report : NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 445 " The liberal policy in the purchase of books maintained by the book committee during the past year has been justified by the largely increased circulation, which, as shown by the subjoined table, considerably exceeds that of any previous year of which we have record. Had it not been for the unavoidable limitation to the purchase of books during the past three months, alluded to above, the figures for the annual circulation would have been still higher. This increase is particularly gratifying as showing a greater interest in the Library and an elevation in the general taste of the readers, since all the books bought were, thanks to the care and discrimina- tion of the Book Committee, of the higher and better class of litera- ture. The use of books within the Library has shown a propor- tionate increase, though no record has been kept of the number thus used. While a large part of the extra-mural circulation has been in the department of fiction and juveniles, and in periodicals, which are largely taken out for the sake of the fiction contained therein, there has yet been a notable increase in other departments, particularly in biography, essays, poetry and literary history. One of the principal causes of this increase in biographical and literary subjects has undoubtedly been the courses of study pursued last winter by the Nineteenth Century, Half Hour and Unity Clubs. As might be expected, fiction forms the larger part of the circula- tion, it being fifty-six per cent, of the whole. " The subjoined table gives the number of volumes in each de- partment issued during the year ; and as a result of a new system of charging introduced last January, it is possible to give the circu- lation in each department for each month since then. Comparative Circulation. 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, • 7932 ■ 7833 • 9383 8376 7644 • 7851 6833 • 9534 446 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, Circulation by Departments. Philosophy, ..... 42 Religion and Ecclesiastical History, 159 Biography, 781 History, . . 555 Description and Travels, . 348 Social and Political Science, . 45 Natural Science, .... 91 Useful Arts (including Medicine), . 10 Fine Arts and Archaeology, . 53 Literature : Collected Works and Essays, 362 Classical Writers, . . . . 71 Periodicals (bound volumes), . . 435 Periodicals (numbers). 751 Letters, ..... 61 Speeches and Lectures, . 14 Fiction and Juveniles, . 5389 Poetry and Drama, 197 Literary History, . . . . . 120 Language, ..... II Miscellaneous, . . 39 Total, 9534 " Notwithstanding the additional shelf-room afforded by the erec- tion of the new shelves mentioned in the report for last year, the Library is in some departments still somewhat crowded ; one of the new cases in the East Room being entirely filled with United States Government publications to the detriment of some other depart- ments which are more used and for which this case is really needed. Recognizing the desirability of more shelf-room for the proper accommodation of our books. Governor G. P. Wetmore, tq whose liberality the Library was largely indebted last year, has offered to contribute one hundred dollars toward the construction of a gallery on the east side of the reading-room, similar to the one built by Mr. NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 447 G. G. King year before last. The hope is expressed that Mr. Wet- more's generous offer may be supplemented by contributions from others, so that this desirable addition to our shelf-room may be made during the coming autumn or winter. " Last winter, after more than a year's experience with the old system of book charging, the Librarian became convinced that it was entirely inadequate to the needs of the Library, and early in January a change was made to a combined ledger and slip system. This system is similar to that used at Harvard College and some other Libraries in the country. The books are charged on slips, which are dated by stamp, and thrown into a box to be posted in the ledger whenever the assistant has time. After posting, the slips are arranged alphabetically by the title or class-mark in a box with movable divisions for each week. When the books are rdturned the slips are taken from their places, dated again and put into the box to be crossed off from the ledger, or posted again in case of renewal, later in the day. Of course the charges and discharges for each day are made before the work of the succeeding day begins. The disadvantage of this system is that it takes a little longer to find the slips of books returned than it did to turn to the ledger page and cross them off. The advantages on the other hand, which largely outweigh this disadvantage, are that the slips show where any given book is, when it is overdue, and how many books are in circulation at any given time ; while the ledger account shows the number of books each person has, and what books they have had. " So great has been the inconvenience occasioned by the yearly increasing number of sight-seers and excursionists who crowd the Library, especially in the summer months, to the interruption of the work of the Librarian and his assistant, and to the annoyance of the readers and students in the Library, that it was found necessary to limit the time during which visitors, unless accompanied by or bear- ing a note of introduction from a proprietor, could be admitted. Accordingly, by a vote of the Directors at their monthly meeting in July, the hours for visitors were put at from 12 o'clock m. to 2 o'clock P.M. The beneficial effect of this restriction is already shown in the increased quiet of the Library and reading-room and in the presence of a larger number of readers." 448 ANNALS OF THE REDWOOD LIBRARY, George Gordon King, Treasurer, in Account with the Redwood Library and Athen/eum. 1887. Dr. July II. To balance from former Treasurer's account, .... " 12. " cash interest from Littlefield Fund for one year, . " 12, " " 6 mo, int. Marquand Fund, Cairo, Ark. and Tex. bond, " 12. '' " " " " St. Louis & Iron Mt. bonds, " 12. " " " M. A. King Fund, Milvv., Lake Shore &W.bd., " 12. " " 3 mo. int. W. F. Weld Fund, Atch., Col. & Pacific bond " 12. " " for I tax, .... (( J ^ a t< u '' 13. " subscriptions, .... " 13. " cash for fines, .... '< 25. " " 6 mo. int. J. C. Brown Book Fund, " 25. " " " W. S. Rogers Book Fund, '' 25! " " " Robert Rogers Book Fund, " 25. " " " George G. King Book Fund, " 25, " " " Special Preferred Share Fund " 25. " " " Current Expense Fund, Aug. I. *' "3 taxes, . " I. " '* subscriptions, " I. " " fines, . " 2. " " fines, . " 2. " "■ taxes, . *' 2. " " subscriptions, " 2. " " sale of share, LIST OF FUNDS. I U. S. bond, 4^ "per cent., Littlefield Fund, $1,000 00 Deposit in Savings Bank of Newport, George G. King Book Fund, . '• " " " Robert Rogers Book 'Fund, . " « " " W. S. Rogers Book Fund, " « '' " J. Carter Brown Book Fund, . 1 mortgage bond, Atchison, Colorado and Pacific Railroad, 6 per cent., W. F. Weld Book Fund, 1,000 00 2 mortgage bonds, Houston and Texas Railroad, 8 per cent., D. King Book Fund, . 2,000 00 Deposit in Savings Bank of Newport, D. King Book Fund, . . . 356 84 « " " " Special l^referred Share Fund, . 5,946 56 " " " " General Current Expense Fund, . 7,766 76 1 mortgage bond, Cairo, Arkansas and Texas Railroad, 7 per cent.. General Current Expense Fund, 1,000 00 2 mortgage bonds, St. Louis and Iron Mountain Railroad, 5 per cent., Gen- eral Current Expense Fund, . . 2,000 00 I mortgage bond, Milwaukee, Lake Shore and Western Railroad, 6 per cent,. General Current Expense Fund, 1,000 00 %20 79 45 00 35 00 50 00 30 00 15 00 5 00 5 00 55 00 3 74 100 00 80 00 20 00 20 00 118 92 136 28 15 00 22 00 2 61 3 31 75 00 50 00 5 00 5912 65 1,000 00 1,000 00 4,000 00 5,000 00 tZZPIo 16 NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. 449 1887. July 13. ■ Bound up together. Hales on Tar Water. 3 5o6 APPENDIX. Law. Vols. Hales' s History of the Common Law. Jacob's Statute Law Common-placed. Bohnn's Introduction to the Laws of England. English Lawyer. Hawkin's Summary of the Crown Law. 2 Abridgment of Coke's Institute. The Law of Evidence. Trials per Pais. Nelson's Justice. 2 Higgs's Justice. 2 Compleat Sheriff. Forster's Laws Relating to the Customs, &c. Treatise of Naval Trade and Commerce. 2 Reports and Rules in K.'s Bench and Com. Pleas. 2 History of the Court of Common Pleas. Laws, &c., of the Admiralty. 2 Clarke's Practice of the Admiralty. Historical View of the Exchequer. Doctor and Student. Tenant's Law. Tancred's Essay for a Regulation of the Law. Compleat Constable. Spavan's Puffendorf. 2 Select Trials in the Old Bailey. 4 Natural History, Mathematics, &c. Woodward's Natural History of the Earth. of Fossils. Whiston's Theory of the Earth. Burnet's Theory of the. Earth. 2 Keill's Examination of Burnet and Whiston. Newton's Philosophy, bv Motte. 2 System of the World. Universal Arithmetic. : Bishop Wilkins's Mathematical Works. Dale's Philosophical Conversations. 3 Pointer's Account of the Weather. APPENDIX, 507 Vols. Keill's Introduction to Natural Philosophy. to Astronomy. Gregory's Elements of Astronomy. ' 2 Whiston's Astronomical Lectures. Mathematical Lectures. Costar's Progress of Astronomy. Figure of the Earth Determined. Martyn's Memoirs of the Academy of Science. 5 Martin's Philosophical Grammar. Philological Library. Trigonometer's Guide. 2 Decimal Arithmetic. Harris's Trigonometry. i2mo. Varenius's Geography. 2 New Geographical Dictionary. Gordon's Geographical Grammar. Keill an^i Stone's Euclid. 2 Tacquet's Euclid, by Whiston. Pardie's Geometry. Gregory's Geometry. Well's Mathematics. 3 Ward's Mathematics. 2 De la Hire's Conic Sections. Witty on the Sphere. Harris's Use of the Globes. Wilson's Navigation. Hauxley's Navigation. 2 Pilots' Theory of Working Ships. Wingate's Arithmetic. Hill's Arithmetic, by Hatton. Ditton's Fluxions. Leybourn's Dialling. i2mo. Wilson's Surveying. Langley's Measuring. Shortcliffe's Gauging. MuUer's Fortification. 2 Ditton's Perspective. Taylor's Perspective. Baker's Microscope Made Easy. 5o8 APPENDIX. Vols. Motte's Mechanical Powers. Hauksbee's Experiments. Clare's Motion of Fluids. Cortes's Hydrostatical, &c., Lectures. Arts, Liberal and Mechanical. British Merchant. • 3 La Motte on Poetry and Painting. i2mo. Fresnoy's Art of Painting, by Dryden. Bland's Military Discipline. Plan for a National Militia. Robbins's Gunnery. Goulon on the Attack and Defence. Kent's Grammar of Heraldry. Dictionarium Polygraphicum. 2 Smith's Carpenter's Companion. Builder's Dictionary. 2 Review of Buildings In and About London. Fires Improved, by Desaguliers. i2mo. Bradley on the Four Elements. Gentleman and Farmer's Guide. on Husbandry and Gardening. 2 Smith's Memoirs of Wool. 2 Ellis's Modern Husbandman. 5 Practical Farmer. (Bound up with Methods of Improv- ing, &c.) Method of Improving Barren, &c., Lands. Thicknesse on Foreign Vegetables. Miller's Gardener's Calandar. Compleat Planter and Cyderist. Thorley's Natural History of Bees. (Bound up with Pointer on the Columbarian, or the Pigeon House. Weather.) (Bound up with Method of Improving, &c.) Bracken's Farriery Improved. i2mo. 2 Sportman's Dictionary. 2 London and Country Brewer. Smith's Compleat Body of Distilling. Bailey's Household Dictionary. APPENDIX. 509 Vols. Cramer's Art of Assaying Metals. Watson on Electricity. Freke, Wilson and Neale on ditto. Holder's Ground of Harmony. Malcolm on Miisick. Bonhour's Arts of Logic and Rhetoric. Criticism. Farnaby's Rhetoric. . Watts's Logic and Supplement. 2 Brown's Procedure of the Understanding. Divine Analogy. Rollin's Method of Studying the Belles Lettres. 4 Boswell's Method of Study. 2 Fresury on Studying History. New Method of Learning Greek. 2 Ascham's Schoolmaster. Buffier's French Grammar. Kelly's French Idioms. Italian Grammar. Portuguese Grammar. Dialogues on Education. 2 Constable on Style. Dyche's English Dictionary. Miscellanies, Politics^ dr'e. Ray's Proverbs. Jones's 900 Epitaphs. Hibernicus's Letters. 2 Gay's Fables. 2 Operas, Plays, &c. Young's Works. 2 Thomson's Works. 2 Pope and Warburton's Shakespear. 8 Upton's Observations on Shakespear. Bruyere's Works. 2 Kerr's Memoirs. ^ Boyer's Ingenious Companion. Macky's Memoirs. 5IO APPENDIX. Vols. Gedde's Miscellaneous Tracts. 4 Memoirs of the Family of the Boyles. Sir Thomas More's Utopia. ■■ — Life. Seidell's Table Talk. Cambray on Eloquence. Characters and Criticisms. Fontaine's Tales and Novels. Fables and Tales, French and English. Enquiry into the Life of Homer. Kennet's Lives of the Greek Poets. Middleton's Life of Cicero. 3 Observations on Cicero's Life. Lives of the Princes of Orange. Jebb's Life of the Earl of Leicester. Sir Thomas Bodley's Remains. Mallet's Life of Sir Francis Bacon. Lord Halifax's Poems and Speeches, &c. Miscellanies. D. of Wharton's Works. 2 Parliamentary Debates. 21 London Magazine. 17 vols, to 1748, inclusive. Republic of Letters. 18 Works of the Learned. 14 Books in Duodecimo. Addison's Works. 4 Pretorius Arbiter. Adventures of Joseph Andrews. 2 Art of Pleasing in Conversation. 2 Ashby's Young Analyst's Exercise. Bedford's Horae Mathematicae Vacuae. Bellamy's Phaedrus. Biblia Sacra Castellionis. 4 Biographia Classica. • 2 Blackwell's Sacred Classics. 2 Introduction to the Classics. Blackerby's Justice. 2 APPENDIX. 511 Vols. Bohours's Ingenious Sayings. Boethius, by Lord Preston. Brightland's English Grammar. British Apollo. 3 Brown's Justin. Burnet's Travels. Byshe's Art of Poetry. 2 Cambray's Fables and Dialogues. Existence of God. Campbell's London Tradesman. Child on Trade. Dr. Clarke's Grotius. Clarke's Essay on Study. Education. Cockman's TuUy's Offices. Companion to the Theatre. 2 Compleat English Tradesman. 2 Cooke's Hesiod. Comaro on Long Life, &c. (Bound up with Smith on Health.) Croxal's ^sop. Crusius's Lives of the Roman Poets. 2 Dacier's Plato. 2 Dart's TibuUus. 8vo. Derham's Artificial Clockmaker. Digby's Quintus Curtius. 2 Discourse on Trade, by Carey. Dryden's Virgil, 3 Juvenal and Persius. Fables. Felton on the Classics. L. Florus, in English. Fontenelle's Plurality of Worlds. Dialogues of the Dead. Forbes's Thoughts on Religion, Fuller's Introduction ad Prudentiam. 2 Sapientiam. 2 Garth's Ovid's Metamorphoses. 2 Dispensary and Key. Gay's Poems. 2 512 APPENDIX. Vols. Gee on Trade and Navigation. Gentleman's Library. Religion. Gentleman Accomptant. Glover's Leonidas. Greenwood's English Grammar. Guardian. 2 Hales's Contemplation. > 3 History of Lewis XIV. 3 Marr. 2 Buccaniers of America. 2 Massinella. 8vo. Horace, by Mr. Francis. 4 Hubner's Historical Companion. Hughes's Poems. 2 Human Prudence. Huygens's Caelestial Worlds. Jewish Spy. 5 Interest of Scotland Considered. Kirby's English Grammar. King's History of the Heathen Gods. Lady's Library. 3 Travel into Spain. 2 Lord Lansdown's Works. 3 Law's Serious Call. Christian Perfection. Lemery on Food, by Hay. Life of King William III. Duke of Marlborough. Prince Ekigene. Prince Charles of Lorrain. the Emperor Theodosius. Osmond the Great. , 2 Memoirs of Cardinal de Retz. 4 Manwaring's Institute of Learning. Milton's Paradise Lost and Regained. 2 Miscellaneous Poems, by Dryden. 6 Moral Essays, by Mess. Port Royal. 4 Morgan's Mahometism Exposed, 2 APPENDIX. 513 Vols. Motteiix's Don Quixote. 4 Continuation of Don Quixote. 2 Odes of Horace. Orations of Demosthenes. English. Ovid's Epistles. Pastor Fido. Italian and English. Persian Letters and Continuation. Poems publish' d by Ralph. Polite Epistolary Correspondent. Pomfret's Poems. Pope's Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. 11 Works. 9 Crousaz's Examination of Pope's Essay. Warburton's Answer to Crousaz. Present State of France. 2 Prior's Poems. 2 Reflections on the Grandeur, &c., of the Romans. Review of Cromwell's Life. Robinson on Food, &c. Row's Lucan. 2 — Miscellaneous Works. 2 Spectator. 8 Salmon's Modern Gazetteer. Scougal's Works. Stanhope's Thomas a Kempis. Steele's Plays. Suetonius, by Hughes. Tatler. 4 Telemachus. French and English. 2 Tooke's Pantheon. Tour Through Great Britain. 4 Trapp's Popery Truly Stated. Travels of Cyrus. Turkish Spy. 8 Vernon's Compleat Counting House. Voiture's Works. 2 Voltaire's Letters. Universal Pocket Book. Waller's Works, by Fenton. 514 APPENDIX. Watts's Horae Lyricae. Strength, &c., of Human Reason. Wellwood's Memoirs. World in Miniature. The following " List of Books " is attached to the Catalogue published in 1764. The names of the donors, so far as known, have been inserted, and are in italics. BOOKS GIVEN BY SEVERAL GENTLEMEN. Books in Folio. Vols. Account of the Charity to French Prisoners. Ayliffe's Roman Civil Law. Baxter's Practical Works. 4 vols. Dr. Thomas Moffatt and others. Beaumont and Fletcher's Plays. Bellarmini Disputationes. Henry Collins. Biblia Sacra Tremellii Junii and Bezae. Chambers's Dictionary. 2 Chaucer's Works. Thomas Ward. Domat's Civil Law. 2 Forbesii Instructiones Historico-Theologicae. Bishop Racket's Sermons. Herodotus, Gr. and Lat. Thomas Ward. Homeri quae extant omnia, Gr. and Lat. Thomas Ward. Hughes's History of Barbadoes. Justini Martyris Opera, Gr. and Lat. Knolles's History of the Turks. Francis Willett. Kersey's Algebra, in Four Books, 1673. Edward Scott. Leybourn's Cursus Mathematicus, English. Maignan Perspectiva Horaria. Minshew's Spanish and English Dictionary. Plinii Naturalis Historia. Dr. John Brett. Purchas' Pilgrims. Francis Willett. Rhodogini Antiquae Lectiones, Edward Scott. Rambler. 3 Stackhouse's History of the Bible. 2 Spencer's Works. Thomas Ward. APPENDIX. 515 Vols. Vossii Epistolae. Xenoponte's Opera, Gr. and Lat. Thomas Ward, Books in Quarto. Biblia Sacra Venetiis, A. U. 1487. Dr. John Brett. Bissett's Theory and Construction of Fortifications. Caneparius de Atramentis. Collection of Tracts — Observations Concerning the Original of Government, and four other Tracts. Coloniae Anglicanae Illustratse, Vol. ist. Culveri Hist. Epitome. Dr, Thomas Brett. Descarte's Opera Philosophica. Gilbert de Magnete. Gorge's History of America. Francis Willett. Howard's Collection of Letters. Malcom's Treatise on Arithmetic. Dr. Middleton's Works. Molyneux's Dioptricks. Joseph Harrison. Neal's History of the Puritans. Thomas Ward. 2 Ordonnances de la Marine, Fr. Sherwin's Mathematical Tables. Taylor on the Epistles to the Romans. Treatise wrote in Hebrew, by D. Nieto. Vossii Aristarchus five de Arte Gram. Dr. John Brett. 2 de Historicus Latinis. Dr. John Brett. de Philosophorum Sectis. Dr. John Brett. Whiston's Chronology of the Old Testament, and Harmony of the Evangelists. Books in Octavo, &c. Addison's Works. Anatomia. P. Ver Heyen. Barclay on Education. Bennet's Abridgment of the London Cases. Biblia Hebraica. Editio Accuratissima. 2 Lord Bolingbroke on the Study and Use of History. 2 Buchanan's Poemata. Calvini Institutio. Thomas Ward. 5i6 APPENDIX. Vols. Cartesii Iter per Mundura. Commandine's Euclid. Club in a Dialogue. Dionysii Orbis Descriptio. Thomas Ward. Discourses, by the Bishop of London. 4 copies. Douglass's Summary, Historical and Political. The Author. Erasmi CoUoquia. Euripidis Tragediae Duae, Gr. and Lat. Gentleman's Magazine, 1738. Grey's Hudibras. 2 Hervey's Discourse of the Small-Pox. Herodiani Historiarum Libri Octo. High German Doctor. i History of the House of Douglas and Angus. 2 Hoadly on Civil Government. Hollerii Comment, in Aphorismos Hippocratis. Huarte's Trial of Wits. Edward Scott. Johnson's Grammatical Commentaries. Journey through England and Scotland. 3 Keill, Introductio ad Veram Astronomiam. Thomas Ward. Leland's View of the Deistical Writers. Rev. Dr. MacSparran. 2 Lardner's Credibility of the Gospel History. The Author. Letters from the Dead to the Living. Lexicon Manuale Graeco-Latinum. - . Lewis's Parthian Empire. List of Society of Arts, &c. Miscellanies, by Dr. Swift and others. Mottley's History of Peter L, Emperor of Russia. 3 Neal's History of New England. 2 Plutarch's Lives, with Dacier's Notes. 8 Rowe's Supplement to Plutarch's Lives. Pooles Nullity of the Romish Faith. Pope's Homer's Iliad, bound up in 3 vols. Odyssey. 5 Letters. 2 Baron de PoUnitz's Memoirs. 4 Potter's Antiquities of Greece. Edward Scott. 2 Roderick Random. 2 Rohault's Physica. APPENDIX. 517 Vols. Clarke's Rohault. 2 Senecae Rhetorius and Philosophi Opera. Thomas Ward. Shuckford's Connection. 3 Travels of the Jesuits, by Mr. Lockman. 2 Turner's Surgery. Vol. ist. Virgilii Opera in Usum Delphini. Dr. Young's Night Thoughts. Pamphlets. Observations on a Book entitled An Introductory Discourse to a Larger Work. Dodwell's Free Answer to Dr. Middleton's Free Enquiry. Rev. James MacSparran, D.D. Toll's Defence of Dr. Middleton's Free Enquiry. Pev. Dr. Mac- Sparran. Church's Second Vindication of the Miraculous Power. Rev. Dr. Mac Spartan. Remarks on Two Pamphlets against Dr. Middleton's Introductory Discourse. Rev. Dr. MacSparran. Court Register. Twenty-three Gentleman's Magazines, A. 1736 and 1737. Twelve Philadelphia Magazines. INDEX. Adams, Brooks, 465 Adams, John, 23 Adams, Thatcher M., 372 Adams, C. F., Jr., 375 Adlam, Samuel, 203, 204 Agassiz, Alexander, 379 Allen, W. S. N., 187 Allston, William M., 95, 118 Allston, Washington, 229, 258, 358 Allston, John E., 357 Almon, Andrew B., 464 Almy, John, 77 Anderson, Elbert J., 187, 313 Anthony, Henry B., 327 Armington, H. E , 383, 391, 398 Arnold, Benedict, 10, 357 Arnold, Lemuel H., 139 Ashhurst, William H., 314, 329, 350, 355, 396, 402, 428 Astor, John J., 379 Atkinson, James, 187 Auchmuty, R. N., 76 Auchmuty, S. O., 95 Ayrault, Daniel, 46 Ayrault, Stephen, 38, 50, 60, 61, 63, 66, 69, 71, 72, 75 Barreda, F. L., 189 Beach, Rev. John, 43 Beach, C.N., 379 Beauregard, General, 339 Beck, Henry Paul, 158, 185, 202, 204 Belmont, August, 313 Bennett, J. G., 379 Berkeley, Dean, 9, 12, 25, 26, 28, 190 Berry, R. P., 187 Biddle, Niciiohia, 142 Bisset. Rev. George, 55, 63, 65 Blake, George S., 222 Bland, Thomas, 149, ]51, 155 Bliss, Rev. William, 76 Bliss, Richard, 425, 456, 457, 465, 468 Bliss, William H., 187 Bolles, Rev. Mr., 367 Borden, Richard, 47, 194 Boss, John L., 83, 95, 105, 106, 112, 115 Boss, Nicholas G., 125, 132, 143, 144 Bours, Peter, 12, 15, 34, 41, 44, 47, 49 • Bours, John, 51, 54, 57, 58, 60, 61, 71, 72, 75, 76, 78, 80, 81, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 Bowen, William Shaw, 370 Bowen, Jonathan, 83 Bowler, Charles, 34 Bradley, Rev. Mr., 85 Breese, William G.. 185 Breese, Thomas, 155, 156 Breese, Saunders, 95 Brenton, Jahleel, 50 Brett, Dr. John, 11 Brewer, Mrs. Gardner, 363 Brinley, Edward L., 185 Brinley, Francis, 299, 322, 331, 333, 336, 341, 347, 350, 358, 362, 363, 367, 376, 396, 428, 439, 441, 451, 457 Brooks, Sidney, 185, 189,204, 207, 211,219, 220, 221, 244, 245, 266, -286, 294, 298, 300, 313, 316, 322, 324, 333, 336, 347, 350, 351, 355 Brooks, Rev. Charles T., 171, 172, 220, 223. 227, 242, 247, 264, 266, 268, 289, 296, 298, 301, 322, 350, 367, 375, 377, 379, 396, 403 Brownell, Thomas, 187 Brown, Daniel, 25 Browne, Rev. Marmaduke, 51 Browne, Arthur, 51 520 INDEX. Brown, Joliu Carter, 274, 276,277,281,307, 313, 322, 331. 339 Brown, Mrs. J. C, 363 Brown, Samuel, 127, 362 Brown, J. N., 426 Brown, John A., 185, 289 Brunsen, Rev. Mr., 85 Bryce, J. S., 363, 379, 426 Buffum, Thomas B., 161, 362 Bull, John, 45, 187 Bull, Henry, 95, 128, 170, 186 Bull, Phebe C, 170, 177 Burdick, C. H., 325 Burdick, Clark, 170 Burrill, Joseph, 71, 75 Burnside, General, 283 Burroughs, George, 187 Burroughs, W. G., 95 Bush, Thomas, 95 Bush, Augustus, 173, 174, 178 Bush, John T., 177, 186, 190, 204, 223, 228, 239, 266, 275, 285, 287, 298, 386, 347, 350, 355, 376, 382 Butler, Dr. S. W., 186, 329, 333, 350, 355, 363, 376, 383. • Cahoone, James, 71, 75 Cahoone, Benjamin J., 139 Cahoone, Stephen, 9, 78, 86, 87, 93, 143 Callender, Rev. John, 12, 19, 24, 25, 27, 34 Callender, Mary, 21 Calvert, George H., 178, 180 Carey, John, Jr., 189 Carpenter, Hezekiah, 17 Case, P. G. & Co., 325, 3.36 Case, A. L., 364 Case, Dr. B. W., 83 Caswell, Philip, 314 Chaloner, Walter, 34 Chaloner, John, 34, 42 Cliamplin, Christoplier, 71, 75 Cliamplin, George, 71, 75 Champlin, C. G., 95. 118, 159, 162, 170 Chandler, J. W., 314 Clianning, William, QQt, 72 Channing, John, 59 Channing, W. F., 134, 314 Channing, William E., 61 Channing, Walter, 95, 105, 111, 115, 127, 128 Channing, Rev. George C, 264 Chase, Gilbert, 95 Chase, Isaac, 143 Chauncey, H., Jr., 186 Checkley, J., Jr., 23 Chesbrough, D., 45, 49, 50, 52, 54, 56, 57, 58, 60 Clap, Rev. Nathaniel, 23, 24, 27 Clarke, Rev. John, 10 Clarke, Ethan, 78 Clarke, Audley, 83, 95, 125, 127, 132, 135, 137, 140, 141, 154, 156, 160, 163, 167, 357 Clarke, William A., 161, 162, 163, 168, 263, 266, 297, 298, 312, 315, 322, 333, 350, 355, 357, 364, 376, 379, 396, 426, 439, 441 Clarke, Peleg, 161, 178, 180, 181, 186, 189, 204, 219, 223, 228, 241 Clarke, Dumont, 200, 205, 442, 465 Clarke, Henry A., 442, 465 Clarke, Right Rev. T. M., 347 Coddington, William, 165 Coe, Adam S., 155, 156 Coggeshall, John, 71, 75 Coggeshall, Billings, 77 Coggeshall, William, 57 Coggeshall, Thomas, 38, 76, 189 Coggeshall, David M., 95, 132, 156, 168 Cogswell, Dr., 190, 198, 219, 221 Coit, B. W., 187 Collins, John, 34, 50, 75 Collins, Henry, 11, 12, 23, 26, 34, 37, 41, 42, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, 107, 195 Condy, Jeremy, 13, 24 Congdon, J. C, 187 Cook, Henry W., 362, 364 Cooke, Joseph J., 353, 357, 362, 364, 374, 379, 384, 400, 405, 410, 426 Cook, Clark, 95 Cook. George I., 138 Cooper, J. C, 150, 151, 155 Coolidge, T. Jefferson, 189 Cornell, Richard, 187, 245, 266, 275, 285, 287, 294, 298, 313, 322, 333, 363, 379 Cornell, Gideon, 34 Cottrell, Silas H., 161 Cozzens, William C, 173, 177, 178, 180, 186, 189, 194, 195, 202, 204, 216, 220, 223, 224, 230, 239, 241, 243, 245, 247, 253, 258, 266, 270, 294, 298, 311, 315, 318, 320, 329, 333, 337 INDEX, 521 Cozzens, John H., 187, 455 Cozzens, George, 158, 174, 190, 195, 204, 220, 245, 246, 266, 299 Cozzens, Matthew, 50 Cozzens, Charles, 51 Cranston, Henry Y., 95 Cranston, R. B., 170, 179 Cranston. William H., 187 Crooke, Robert, 34, 71, 75 Crooke, William, 76, 86, 88, 125, 127 Crooker, Isaiah, 143 Curtis, George William, 239 dishing, T. R, 363 Cushman, Mi"S. Emma C, 379 Cutler, Rev. Timothy, 25 Davis, Dr. Charles, 363 Davis, L. D., 402 Dawley, J. E., 165 De Blois, Stephen, 59, 71, 75, 95 Dehon, Rt. Rev. Theodore, 85 De Jongh, W. F., 168 Dennis, John, 34, 77, 83, 118 Dennis, J. D., 187 Dexter, H. S., 95 Dickens, A., 163 Dumont, Rev. A. H., 178, ISO, 187, 190, 194, 196, 203, 204, 215, 216, 220, 223 Dunbar, William. 34 Duncan, Alexander, 189 Duncan, George, 142 Duncan, James, 38 Dunn, Theophilus C, 132, 135, 136, 137, 154. 220, 224, 245, 266, 294, 298, 302, 307 Dunn, Thomas, 362 Dunnell, Jacob, 95, 118 Earl, John, Jr., 83, 95 Easton, Edward, 83, 95 Easton, Mrs. .!. H., 144 Easton, Dr. Jonathan, ^, 71, 72,75, 76,78, 79. 81, 83, 85, 89. 97, 105, 106, 115, 118 Eddy, Rev. Michael, 85 Edwards, Dr. William F., 155 Eldred, John. .38, 75, 187 Ellery, William, 22, 34, 125, 127 Ellery, Christopher, 66 Ellery, Benjamin, 22, 71, 75 Ellery, William, Jr., 95, 97, 110, 219 Ellis, H. A., 155 Emott, Judge James, 433 Emmons, A. B., 351, 356, 458, 464, 469 Engs, Samuel, 186, 263, 266, 285, 289, 298, 315, 322, :}30 Engs, Creorge, 143 Engs, P. W.. 131 Ennis, William, 95, 125, 127, 128, 135, 163, ■ 168, 177 Eyre, Wilson, 368 Eyres, Rev. Nichohus, 43 Fairman, Richard, 95, 118 Faisnean, E. P., 143 Faxson, .John, 76 Fay, Henry H., 322, 330, 345, 350, 355, 376, 377, 398, 433, 434, 439, 442 Fearing, Henry S., 314 Feke, Robert, 27 Feke, Charles, 95 Finch, Benjamin, 177 Fisher, Redwood, 128 Flagg, Ebenezer, 27, 48, 50 Flagg, Collins, 52,. 77 Fl udder, William, 187 Ford, John R.. 189, 256 Foster, John. 189, 314, 364, .379, 422, 426 Foster, William E., 24 Fowler, Christopher, 83, 85, 95, 96, 105, 110, 111, 115, 118, 125, 126, 127 Fi-anklin, James, 54 French, Francis O., 426 French, J. R., 327 Fry, Christopher, 373 Gage, General, 29 Gallup, Dr., 169 Gammell, Mrs. William, ,346, 363 Gardiner, John, 46. 52, 59 Gardiner, Walter, 78 Gardiner, Benjamin, 95 Gardner, W. C. 120 Gardner, Martha R., 88 Gardner, S. F., 95. 118 . ^ ^^/ (^ / Gibbs, George, 38, 71, 75 ' J Gibbs, George W..4ilPr 1-44^ -W)^ A, 288, 291, 293, 294, 297, 299. :U)1, 310, 311, 313, 322, a50, 355, 376, 379, 397, 408, 439, 451, 458. 464 Gibbs, William C, 140, 204, 219, 259, 307 - n'^ 34 522 INDEX. Gib»)s, Theodore K., 3G4, 379, 464 Gibbs, Miss Sarah, 157, 259 Gibbes, E. M., 186 Gibson, Eev. John, 77 Gilliat, John H., 138, 141, 168 Gilpin, J. B., 95, 116, 117 Gilpin, William, 168, 171, 299, 322, 333, 350, 355, 357, 376, 397, 408, 409, 424, 425, 439, 451, 458, 464 Glover, Albert. 358 Goddard, T. P. I., 340 Goffe, Augustus, 188 Gould ing, George, 18 Gould, N. H., 160, 163, 171, 186, 245, 266, 298, 316, 329, 347, 350,-355 Gould, David J., 176, 186, 237, 357 Grace, J. A. H., 139 Grant, Sueton, 18, 20 Green, Rev. Caleb, 71, 75, 81, 85 Green, Dr. C. A., 377, 378 Greene, G. W., 188 Greenleaf, Stephen, 38 Griswold, J. N. A., 295, 313 Guild, R. A., 199 Gyles, Charles, 95, 163, 167. 168 Hadwin, Benjamin, 76, 87, 97, 105, 115, 118, 125 Hall, George, 174 Hall, Samuel, 54 Hall, Milton, 169 Hammett, George A., 253, 256, 263, 266, 269, 271, 283, 285, 286, 289, 295, 298, 315, 316 Hammett, Charles E., Jr., 20, 455 Hammett, Charles E., 176 Hammett, Charles D., 177 Hammond, W. G., 138, 189, 204 Hammond, Z. L., 161 Hamdan, James, 42 Hargill, , 53 Harrison, Joseph, 25, 34, 35, 41, 44 Harris(m, Peter, 25, 36, 42, 280 Hart, Naph., 50 Hart, Abraham, 34 Hart, J. M., 186 Hasey, Jacob, 30 Hatch, A. S., 314 Hayne, A. B., 164 Hayne, R. Y., 129 Hazard, George, 78 Hazard, Benjamin, 79, 86, 87, 88, 89, 105, 106, 111, 115, 117, 121, 125, 127, 128, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 154, 156 Hazard & Caswell, 186 Hazard, Enoch, 95 Hazard, James L., 188 Hazard, B. A., 188 Hazard, B of T. G., 362 Hazard, Isaac P., 186, 313, 371 Hazard, John A. of T. G., 188 Hazard, George A., 188 Hendren, Paris, 38, 79 Higginson, T W., 249, 315, 322, 350. 353, 355, 360, 362, 3()4 Hoffman, L. M., 189 Holmes, Abiel, 111 Holmes, Samuel, 34 Holloway, D. W., 188 Holt, Frank H., 456 Hone, R. S., 295 Honyman, Eev. James, 10, 12, 18, 25, 31, 32, 34, 37, 44 Honyman, James, 13, 17, 38, 51, 54, 60, 63 Honyman, Francis, 44 Honey, Samuel R., 355, 362 Hopkins, Stephen, 17, 24,25 Hopkins, Stephen T., 188 Hopkins, Rev. Samuel, D.D., 56, 76 Hoppin, H. B., 186. 220, 223, 239, 245, 253, 266, 277, 281, 289, 298, 311, 314, 315, 322, 330 Hoskin, Charles C, 95, 96 Hottinguer, Baron, 155, 157, 207 House. Mr., 143 Howard, Martin, 42, 45, 46, 59 Howland, B. B., 163, 168 Howlaud, Thomas, 47, 71, 75 Howland, Sarah, 176 Hudson, Henry J., 83, 95 Hudson, Henry G., 95 Humphreys, Dr. E. R., 287, 289 Hunter, Thomas R., 174, 179, 186 Hunter, Miss A. F., 364, 379 Hunter, Charles, 187, 289, 314 Hunter, William, 27, 71, 75, 81, 85, 86, 88, 89, 105, 106, 110, 111, 112, 118, 125, 127, 128, 135, 137, 168, 170, 175 Hunter, Dr. William, 59 Hunter, Miss Rebecca, 449 \ INDEX. 523 Hunt, R. M., 271, 272, 274, 289, 320, 322, 328 Hunt, Mrs. R. M., 354 Ingersol, C. J., 138 Irish, Mrs. Mary, 188 Ives, Robert H., 186, 251, 252, 255, 313, 332, 336, 340, 346 Jacob, Josepli, 12, 21, 34, 37, 49, 50, 51, 54, 60,63 Jackson, Henry, 188 Jepsou, John, 34, 77 Jewett, Professor, 190, 198,219 Joachinsou, P. J., 188 Johnson, Rev. Samuel, 25 Johnson, John, 95 Johnstone, Robert, 11, 139, 142, 144, 149, 154,156 Johnston, Augustus, 45 Jones, Horatio G.,379 Jones, G. Wimberly, 186 Kane, De Lancy, 185 Keene, James R., 380 Kelley, Rev. Erasmus, 57 Kennedy, Robert L., 313 Kent, Chancellor James, 164 Kernochan, F., 314 Kinsley, R. B., 186 King, Charles B., 58, 121, 133, 134, 155, 157, 163, 164, 165, 167, 185, 195, 197, 203, 219. 227, 228, 233, 244. 253, 291 King, David (1), 60, 95, 97, 98, 105, 106, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 125, 126, 127, 135, 137, 140, 154, 15.5, 156, 160 King, David (2), 95, 160, 16.3, 168, 170, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 189, 194, 195, 19(j, 202, 215, 280, 314, 336, 342, 350, 352, 355, 357, 360, 364, 366, 368, 376, 377, 378, 380, 388, 393, 405 King, David (3), 364, 380, 394, 397, 398, 402, 408, 422, 424, 458, 464 King, George G., 136, 138, 140, 149, 155, 156, 158, 160, 163, 168, 169, ia5, 195, 204, 205, 212, 218, 220, 223, 224, 227, 230, 239, 244, 24.5. 252, 253, 254, 266, 268, 270, 275, 288, 289, 293, 295, 297,^01, 428, 431, 439, 447, 448. 451, 455 King, Edward, 171, 185, 219, 237, 242, 245, 248, 266, 275, 276, 281, 294, 297, 302, 313, 322, 333, 334, 3.36, 347, 422, 426 King, William H., 185 King, George Gordon, 362, 397, 402, 404, 40.5, 408, 422, 426, 443, 458. 464 King, Le Roy, 360, 362, 376, ,397, 408, 422, 425, 426, 427, 439, 443, 4.50, 4.58, 463, 464 King, Alexander Mercer, 37, 431, 433, 466 King, Clarence, .362 King, Mrs. Harriet, 1.39 King, Mrs. Edward, 362 King, Mrs. Sarah Gibbs, 394 King, Miss Elise S., 362 King, Miss Mary Le Roy, 426 King, Samuel, Jr., 95 King, Rufus, 321 Langley, Job T., 330, 355, 376, 397, 408, 439, 442 Lawton, Robert, 95 Lawton, Francis, 173 Lawton, Susan, 144 Lawton, Edward W., 161 Lawton, Charles E., 188 Lawton. George P., 353 Lawton, Polly, 3.53 Lawton, Gideon, 188 Lawrence, Wiliam B., 177, 190, 219 Lawrence, S. A., 205, 241 Leaming, Rev. James, 38, 45 Ledyard, Henry, 263, 266, 272, 28.5, 287, 288, 289, 291, 293, 291, 307, 314, .322, 328, 330, 331 Lee, Robert P., 155, 156, 160, 167 Lee, Henry, Jr., 242 Lenox, James, 185, 219, 220, 243, 24.5, 246, 256, 293, 345 Le Roy, Daniel, 362, 380, 426 Leverett, Rev. William C, 188 Littlefield, William, 9.5, 96 Littlefield, Mrs. Martha, 262 Littlefield, A. N., 163, 181, 186, 220, 223, 227, 241, 245, 247, 248, 289, 294, 298, 302, 314, 320, 3,50, 366 Lopez, Moses, 38 Lopez, Samuel, 118 Lock wood. Ralph, 168, 173 179, 180, 185, 274, 275, 295, 297, 189, 204, 266, 287, 355, 363, 524 INDEX, Lorillard, Pierre, 380 Low, A. A., 294, 313 Low, Seth, 380 Lyman, Charles F., 364, 380 Lyndon, Josias, 41, 50, 54, 55, 56, 76 Lyndhurst, Lord, 19, 149, 155 Lyon, Joseph M., 188 Lj^on, James W., 176 Macomh, Aexander, 234 Macy, S. W., 299, 314, 329, 333, 347, 350, 355, 357, 364, 376, 380, 397, 400, 402, 408, 423 Maitland, Robert L., 186 Malbone, Godfrey, 50 Malbone, Godfrey, Jr., 34 Malbone, John, 50, 66, 71, 75 Malbone, Evan, 42 Malbone, Thomas, 44, 50 Malcom, Eev. C. H., 220, 224, 227, 245, 264, 266, 277, 282, 298, 322, 334 Mann, John P., 88, 97, 105, 112, 114, 115, 118 Marchant, Henry, 52, 54, 67, 71, 75, 76, 78, 79 Marchant, William, 106, 117, 128, 143 Mardenbrough, G. W., 114 Marquand, H. G., 283, 376, 380, 397, 408, 422, 426, 427, 440, 443, 450, 456, 458, 464, 467, 468 Martin, Joseph, 130, 140, 156 Martin, Simeon, 95, 118 Martin, Edward, 95 Martin, G. W., 95 Maseres, Francis, 56 Mason, Earl P., 186, 314 Mason, Daniel, 71, 75 Mason, George C. (2), 190, 204, 205, 220, 222, 223, 224, 227, 231, 232, 233, 245, 247, 248, 250, 253, 258, 262, 266, 268, 275, 277, 282, 287, 289, 296, 298, 300, 333, 335, 345, 350, 355, 360, 363, 376, 397, 403, 405, 408, 424, 425, 427, 428, 431, 432, 440, 443, 449, 450, 458, 460 Mason, George C. (1), 144 Mason, Benjamin A., 168, 188 Mason, James L., 161 Mason, Charles, 158 Mason, Robert M., 186, 294, 313, 336, 347, 355, 362, 373 Mason, Miss Ellen F„ 363, 426, 427 Mason, Miss Ida M., 363, 426 Matthews, Nathan, 294 Matteson, G. W. R., 340 Mauran, J. E., 322, 388, 396, 397, 400, 404, 456 Mawdsley, John, 59, 63 McSparran, Rev. James, 25 Mein, John, 95, 97, 105, 111, 112 Melvill, David, 42, 58 Melville, Samuel R., 188 Mendes, Rev. A. P., 47 Mercer, Rev. A. G., D.D., 401 Mercer, William N., 186, 219, 220, 245, 246, 266,298,337,341 Messer, William, 188 Middleton, Henry A., 158, 186 Mixter, Charles, 187 Moffatt, Dr. Thomas, 11, 20, 25, 27, 42, 44, 45, 49, 51 Moore, C. C, 188 Moorey Henry, 83, 95 Morgan, E. D., 294, 313 Morgan, C. W., 128 Morris, Henry, 355 Morton, Levi P., 294, 364 Mozier, James, 242 Mumford, Nathaniel, 58 Mumford, Paul, 431 Munro, Archibald, 135, 137 Munro, Josiah S., 188 Myers, Col. T. B., 308, 364 Newton, Simeon, Jr., 173 Newton, Benj., 174 Newton, William, 186 Newton, Edward F., 364 Newton, John B., 363 Nichols, Walter, 95, 168 Norman, George H., 314, 363, 371 Norman, Stephen H., 322 Norris, William, 239, 314 Northam, Stephen T., 95, 367 Northam, Edward F., 449 Northam, Robert E., 450 Northumberland, Duke of, 155 Ogden, Edward, 187 Ogden, C. E., 188 Ogden, F. L„ 379, 380 INDEX, 525 Ogilvie, James, 91, 90, 112 Olmsted, C. H., 190 Oman, Thomas, 176 Paine, John, 187, 380 Panon, Mrs. M., 308, 314, 379, 441 Parkman, G. F., 186, 289 Parish, Daniel, Jr., 347, 350, 355, 376 Parkinson, C. B., 314 Parmenter, A., 205 Parsons, Dr. Usher, 188 Patten, Rev. Wm., D.D., 76, 78, 80, 81, 85, 86, 312 Patten, Joseph H., 312 Patterson, G. S., 142 Paul, William, 38, 42, 44, 46, 49 Peabody, George, 205, 209, 210, 219 Pearce, Dutee J., 118, 134, 157, 168 Pearson, John, 188 Peckham, Samuel S., 188 Peckham, A. T., 188 Peckham, Felix, 188 Peckham, Job A., 188 Peckham, Wm. G., 188 Peckham, T. P., 336 Pell, Duncan C, 188, 219, 220, 221, 223, 245, 262, 266, 275, 281, 288, 289, 294, 295, 314 Pell, Mrs. Walden, 314 Pepper, Dr. Wm., 363 Perry, Oliver H., 120, 386 Perry, C. G., 161, 163, 165, 167, 168, 170, 171, 173 Perry, Mrs. Fi-ances, 427 Phiuney, Theo. W., 189 Phoenix, S. W., 380 Piersou, J. Frederic, 380 Pierson, Mrs. S. A., 380 Pinnegar, Wm., 38 Pitman, Thos. G., 83, 169 Plumb, J. B., 189 Pollen, Rev. Thomas, 45 Popple, George, Jr., 188 Porter, Mi-s. Mary, 186 Post, Edwin A., 294 Potter, Thomas, 76 Powei; Samuel, 322, 334 Pratt, H. C, 262 Pratt, Enoch, 427 Pratt, S. M., 427 Price, John, Jr., 95 Pringle, J. J., 189 Priolcan, Mr., 162 Purssord, John, 206, 209, 213, 216, 218, 219 Randolph, R. K., 118, 125, 123, 132, 135, 136. 1.37, 140, 141, 154, 15(>, 160 Ray, Robert, 177, 294, 313 Redwood, Abraham, 12, 27, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 41, 44, 48, 49, 51, 56,57, 60, 63, 66, 67, 107, 121, 137, 183, 247 Redwood, Abraham (England), 149, 206, 207 Redwood, Abraham, Jr., 53 Redwood, Wm., 55, 63, 155 Redwood, Jonas L., 48, 54, 61 , Reed, Martin, 15 Reed, Thomas F., 246 Rhoades, B. H., 198, 217, 218, 220, 224, 225, 245, 246, 299, 322, 336, 350, 355, 376, 382 Rhodes, Christopher, 95, 186 Rhodes, James T., 186, 263, 266, 294, 299, 314, 322, 325 Rhodes, Simeon, 38 Richardson, Jacob, 58, QQ, 71, 75, 79. Richmond, P. O., 95 Rives, Wm. C, 380, 427 Rivera, Jacob R., 47, 71, 75, 77 Robeson, Andrew, 114, 176. 186, 220, 223, 325 Robbius, Asher, 25 Robbins, V.. E., 125, 127, 128, 132, 135, 136, 140, 156, 171, 173, 174 Robinson, Thomas, 28 Robinson, Joseph Jacob, 71, 75, 76, 78, 79 Robinson, Dr. James, 468 Robinson, Matthew, 34,38 Robinson, Robert, 95 Robinson, S. A., 158 Rodman, Thomas, 50 Rodman, John, 115 Rodman, Samuel, 34 Rodman, Walter, 46 Rodman, Joseph, 55 Rogers. Wm. S., 127, 316, 317 Rogers, Gharles, 358 Rogers, Robert, 91, 97, 105, 115, 118, 125, 126, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 140, 148. 358 Rogers, Rev. Wm., 126 Rogers, Daniel, 313 Rogers, Fairmao, 380 526 INDEX. Rogers, Prof. W. B., 380 Rogers, Mrs. Maria D'Wolf, 306 Rome, George, 27 Roseugarten, J. G., 427 Rousmauier & Barber, 111 Ruggles, N. S., 135, 138, 140, 141, 155, 156, 158 Rumreil, Thomas, 55, 59 Russell, C. H., 178, 180, 185, 189, 203, 204, 211, 219, 220, 224, 232, 241, 245, 250, 264, 266, 270, 289. 294. 297, 298, 313, 320, 329, 333, 334, 336, 345, 350, 351, 355 Russell, Wm. H., 186 Russmeyer, Rev. A. L., 56 Sands, A. L., 307, 322, 350, 355, 366 Satterlee, R. S., 195 Sayer, Joshua, 30 Sayer, Miss Eliza K., 188 Schermerhorri, E. H., 363 Scott, Edward, 12, 15, 21, 34, 37, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 50, 51, 54, 449 Scott, John, 71, 75 Seabury, Rt. Rev. S., 15 Seabury, T. M., 187, 363 Sears, David, 185, 189, 219, 220, 245, 256, 266, 288, 294, 298, 301, 307 Searing, Rev. James, 12, 18, 24, 37, 41, 44, 45 Shaw, Josiah C, 95 Sheffield, Wm. P., 186, 202, 204, 216, 220, 224, 242, 244, 247, 249, 253, 261, 266, 270, 275, 280, 285, 289, 298, 314, 321, 350, 355, 360, 363, 367, 376, 397, 408, 427, 440, 443, 451, 458, 464 Sheffield, W. P., Jr., 380, 397, 408, 440, 443, 451, 458, 464 Sheldon, Frederic, 314 Shepard, R. D., 164 Sherburne, Benj ., 42 Sherman, E. A., 188 Sherman, J. K., 95 Sherman, J. W,, 170 Sherman, T. B., 161 Sigourney, Mrs. S. H., 221 Silliman, G. S., 95 Silliman, Benj., 164 Silsbee, Nath'l, 138 Slocum, M. C, 188 Smibert, John, 25 Smith, W. H., 188 Smith, Nathan, 294 Smith, Rev. Wm., 15, 76 Smith, Rev. Frederick, 76 Smith, Alfred, 186, 250, 314, 327 Snell, George, 36 Southwick, Solomon, 54, 59, 75, 118, 121 Southwick, J. M. K., 402 Spencer, M. W., 188 Spooner, Susan F., 143 Staigg, R. M., 187 Stall, Isaac, 143 Stanton, R. H., 188 Stearns, C. W., 368 Sterne, John, 83 Stevens, Isaac, 160, 173 Stevens, Wm., 143, 188 Stevens, Robert, 30, 38, 50, 52. 53, 54, 66, 71, 72, 75, 81, 85, 88,89, 105, 115, 118, 125, 127, 135, 173 Stevens, John, 112, 161 Stevens, F. W., 380, 427 Stevens, B. F., 467 Stevens, Mrs. F. W., 363 Stiles, Rev. Ezra, 18, 25, 45, 46, 49, 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 60, 183 Stoddard, Robert, 42 Stoddard, William, 38 Stokes, A. P., 427 Storer, H. R., 383, 404 Story, Joseph, 303 Stout, F. A., 380 Stuart, Gilbert, 25, 221, 262 Stuart, Miss Jane, 165, 247 Swift, Alex., 138 Swinburne, Daniel T., 188 Swinburne, W. J., 189 Swinburne, H. H., 364 Sylvester, Joseph, 23, 59 Taggart, Henry, 37 Talmage, Temperance, 20 Taylor, Nicholas, 83, 95 Taylor, Robert, J., 160, 163, 164, 168, 178, 189, 190, 204, 220, 223, 246, 263, 266, 268, 289, 298, 312 • Taylor, Robert, 95 Taylor, George H., 218 Tayloi^ Thomas T., 51, 52 Taylor, James, 95 INDEX. 527 Taylor, Wm. R., 358 Teany, Rev. Mr., 86 Terrill, Dr. Geo., 380 Tew, Sarah, 83 Thayer, Rev. Thatcher, D.T)., 306, 316, 330, 334, 402 Thomliuson, John, 35, 38 Thorn, W. K., 427 Thorndike, Mrs. J. P., 294 Thorndike, Augustus, 168, 169 Thurston, Charles M., 95 Thurston, Wm. H., 189 Thurston, Dr. Jonathan, 30, 34 Thurston, Peleg, 38, 76 Thurston, E., 53, 54, 57, 63, 71, 75, 78 Thurston, J. R,, 76 Thurston, B. F., 200, 383, 391, 397, 398, 399, 410 Thurston, Rev. Gardiner, 50, 76 Tiffany, George, 189 Tiffany, Henry, 186 Tilley, B. J., 189 Tilley, R. H., 397 Tilley, G. W., 138 Tillinghast, Nicholas P., 66, 71, 72, 75, 79 Tillinghast, W., 62 Tillinghast, John, 34, 37, 41, 44, 49, 50, 51, 54 Tilton, F. W., 350, 355, 363, 364, 376, 391, 397, 402, 408, 424, 440, 443, 451, 458, 464 » Tisdale, B. H., 136. Tompkins, Frederic, 269, 313, 362, 364, 380 Tompkins, Hamilton B., 269, 312, 322, 360, 362, 364, 376, 380, 387, 397, 402, 408, 427, 439, 440, 443, 456, 458, 464 Tompkins, Mrs. Charlotte, 373 Tompkins, Tillinghast, 187 Tompkins, Mrs. M. E., 362 Torrance, Daniel, 427 Torrance, S. J., 427 Totten, .Joseph G., 129 Touro, Judah, 166, 176 Tower, Levi, 95, 97 Towle, Rev. S., 97 Townsend, Nathan, Jr., 11, 15 Townsend, Solomon, 42, 47, 49, 50 Townsend, John F., 95 Townsend, Christopher, 187 Townsend, Miss Ellen F., 315, 362, 401 Travers, W. R., 380 Trevett, Eleazer. 30 Tucker, Wm. W., 363, 426 Tucker, Professor, 1.57 Tuckerman, H. T., 219, 342, 354 Tuckerman, .Joseph, 380 Tuckerman, Mrs. .Joseph, 342 Tuckerman, Alfred, 464 Turner, Dr. Wm., 95, 10.5, 106, 110, 115, 116, 125, 127 Turner, Dr. H. E., 158, 160, 204, 220, 224, 227, 245, 259, 261, 266, 271, 295, 298, 334, 350, 3.55, 360, 376, 397, 402, 404, 405, 408. 439, 440, 443, 451, 456, 458, 464 Turner, Oliver C, 177 Tweedy, Edmund, 187, 294, 314 Tweedy, John, 38 Tyler, George F., 294 Underwood, C. W., 188 Updike, Daniel, 12, 38 Updike, Wilkins, 15 Updike, Daniel E., Ill Uphara, Edward, 42 Van Ness, Mrs. Mary, 232, 238 Van Rensselaer, H. C, 187 Van Rensselaer, Alex., 187, 314 Van Zandt, C. C, 245, 266, 29.5, 298, 301, 322, 334, 348, 350, 355, 376, 378, 397, 408, 440, 443, 451 Vaughan, Sir Charles, 139 Vernon, Samuel, 30 Vernon, Samuel, .Jr., 85 Vernon, Thomas, 44, 46, 49, 51, 54, 57, 58. 63,71 Vernon, William, 66, 71, 75, 76, 78, 79, 81, 84, 115 Vernon, Wm. H., 86, 87, 88, 89, 97, 118, 119, 125 Vernon, Samuel B., 170 Vinton, Rev. Francis, D.D., 239 Vose, J. W., 189 Wales, George W., 380, 388, 397, 408, 422, 427, 440, 443 Walker, Dr. W. J., 253. 256, 262 Walker, Mr., 151 Walsh. Robert, 149 Wanton, Gideon, 33, 34, .50, 71. 75 Wanton, Joseph, 34, 77 528 INDEX. Wanton, George, 37, 77, 83, 117 Wanton, Philip, 38, 50 Ward, Thomas, 11, 12, 18, 25, 33, 34, 37, 38, 42, 44 Ward, Richard, 18, 25 Ward, Henry, 44, 71, 75 Ward, Samuel, 18, 25, 52, 78, 160 Ward, Carpenter, 144 Ward, Richard R., 157 Ward, Rev. John, 86, 160 Ward, Silas, 177 Waring, Thomas, 143 Waring, Dr. E. T., 105, 106, 110, 115, 116, 117, 125 Waterhouse, Dr. Benjamin, 21, 27 Waterhouse, Mrs. L., 221 Waterman, Christopher, 43 Watson, J. J., 189 Weaver, Joseph B,, 160 Webb, Rev. Mr., 97 Webster, Daniel, 162 Weld, W. G., 391, 422 Weld, Mrs. W. F., 391 Weston, F. R., 164 Weston, R. C. J., 158 Wetmore, W. S., 180, 185, 189, 194, 204, 220, 236 Wetmore, George Peabody, 307, 313, 322, 350, 355, 366, 422, 427, 429, 447 Wetmore, Samuel, 187, 316 Wetmore, William B., 316 Wharton, Joseph, 380 Wharton, F., 427 Wharton, C. W., 427 Wheatland, Dr., 367 Wheaton, Rev. Salmon, D.D., 164 Wheeler, Rev. Willard, 57 Whipple, Joseph, 34, 41 Whitfield, Charles, 132, 133, 135, 137, 154, 156, 157, 158, 161, 163 164, 167. 168. 173 Whitehorne, Samuel, 95, 158 Whitehorne, John G., 83, 95, 120 White, Noah, 158 Wick ham, Samuel, 17, 34, 37, 41 Wickham, Benjamin, 38 Wickham, Thomas, 46, 63, 71, 75, 78, 81, 85, 89, 96, 97 Wickham, Thomas, Jr., 55 Wightman, B., 95 Wilbor, Job B., 189 Wilder & Campbell, 83 Willet, Francis, 43 Williams, John, 136, 173 Willing, W. G., 362 Winthrop, Benjamin R., 189 Winthrop, C. P., 218 Wolf, Miss C. L., 363, 380 Wood, Sarah, 83 Wormeley, Miss K. P., 314 Wright, H. A., 187, 194 Yates. Samuel, 71, 75, 79 RETURN LIBRARY SCHOOL LIBRARY TO^ 2 South Hall 642-2253 LOAN PERIOD 1 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS DUE AS STAMPED BELOW AUG 2 6 1983 FORM NO. DD 18, 45m, 6'76 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720 LD 21-100w-2,'55 (Bl39s22)476 .General Library University of California Berkeley