LIVES THE CAMBRO BRITISH ^aíntö, • OP TIIR FIFTH AND IMMEDIATE SUCCERDING CENTURIES FROM ANCIENT HSelsi) «C 3Cat(n iW%S,IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND ELSEWHERE, WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS, AND EXPLANATORY NOTES; BY TRE REV. W. J. REES, M.A. F.S.A. Zi)tWBsm M^Ê). ^Otisti^* LLANDOVERY: PRINTKl) AND PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM REES ; LONDON, LONGMAN, & CO ; ABERGAVENN V, J. H. MORGAN. €ì)î %\\\ỳì ììni Cannaji '(íljirhiuill, D.D. înrìi 'ìi3Ì5Jinji nf €\ìî ¥mm of R lìnoiìì'íí; 'JlìllDsr rxtrnsinr nn|nirriiirnts rnnlilr jiim, to tiilít nn HiiiiiU intrrrst luitl) rffrrt m salijprtg nf íliitiiiimrinii rranirrji, iiiiìi frntii mjinm tljr Ŵitnr Ijns rrrriurii srurrnl iiinrks of jirraiiinl Iduìi- mm, tjjp fnllniuiiig Wiá, rDiitniiiiiig tljr lifr nf liin ìiÌDÍiiigtiialjrìi prrtottBsnr, tjir rtlrlirntrìi It. Diidììi, nnìi uf ntjirr rniiiiriií (Tniiilira 93ritisli Iniiits, trnEsrrilirìi nni trniislntw trniii 5lnririit MM. is rtsjirrtfulli( ìirìlirntrìi, lit[ ntir nf tjjp Clrrgt] nf Iniig HÍniiìiing in jiis Tnrìisliip'D lîliiirrsr, iiiiìi |]ÌD fnitjiful jiiuiiblr Drruniit, fasroli, uxaiimirnliirr, 'iiì ^\ ìî; nnn Innr ii, mkniiii. ^^ • -^' ^UlJ. 214G95 'OES Y BYD 1"R lAITH GYMRAEG." ^oríftp for ti)t f iẃlícatíon of Çímimt mìúöh iîflauuörríiJtö. patroness, IIER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA. ^attonijtU also 6ij HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PKINCE ALUEIIT, HER ROYAL inGHNESS THE DUCHESS OF KENT. IIS IMI'ERIAL HIGHNESS THE CZARBVECH THE HBBEDlTAilY GRAND DUKE ALEXANDER OF RUSSIA. (§ PrestDent, THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF POWIS ■Fite^ptesiUcnts, His Oracc The Duke of Beaufort, K.G. The Right Hon. Conseiller Joukovsky. Hisliraio The Duke of Newcastle K.G. The Hon. E. Llovd Mostyn, M.P. ilis(îr;ice The Duke of Sutherland. lÎBRrAH Iìotfirld, of N(trton lUill. Esq. &I.P. rill' Mnvt II. in. Tliii Marquess of Camden. Sir Stephen R. Glvnne, Bart. M.P. Ill, Mu-i II,.,, TI, JiARQUEss OF Anglesey. W. Ormsby Gore, of Porkington, Esq. M.P. II,, I, I, M M, i-arlofShaftesrury. Sir B. Hall, of Llanover, Bart. M.P. II,, ,, Darl OF DuNRAVEN. .1. H. ViviAN, of Singleton, Esq. M.P. I li, i: ! M , i ,, |,:arl Cawdor, F.R.S. Sir Charles Morgan, of Tredegar, Bart. II,, I, ht I.-, , I ,i, Li>RD Bishop of St. David's. Octavius Morgan, of Tredegar, Esq. M.P. I'h. liiüiii II, i". l.oi;u Dynevor. Sir .J. Walmsley, of Wavertree IlalL M P. I'lu' liiKlit linn. Lord Mostyn. Colonel Wood, of Littleton, Middlesex, rhe Right Hon. Lord Milford. W. A. Williams, Esq. of Llangiby Castle. His Excellency The Chevalier Bunsen, Prussian Minister Plenipotentiary. His Exeellency Mons. Van dbr Wevbii. Belgian Minister Pleniiiotentiary. ffiommittct, Sir Benjamin Hall, of Manmcr, .AI,.niii.intlisliiiT, Hart. M.P., Chairman, Ootavius Morgan, i.f TrcUçur. l\l,,nm,,iilline. i:s,|., iM.P. P.R.S., P.G.S., &c. JohnBruee I'ryee, of Ilyll'ryn. iaii.slin\-. |,:s(iuirc. WilUam Williams. ..f AberpeiKwrn, i:lalii..isan>hiic. Esquire. Rev. W. J. Rees. M.A. F.S.A., Cascob Rectory, liadnorshire. Rev. John Evans, Llanover Vicai'age, Monmouthshire. ■ÜEöítots anB ffiollatots of JWanustríçts, Glan^ nj 1 1 I < 1 cs cr J 1 n [ u;,l 1 i 1 li 1 CortcsponBmg filembets Booker T W of \ 1 i Br Iges Rigl Convbevr 11 Dill TD I W G G II no Br lees Rigl t Hon s r II f d lo Conjbeir 11 cV rj Re V I> D - W of su tt\ II 111 1 I I LI J 1 Rlv hi 1 \. 11 r II t aitl \\ 11 u 1 II "l 1NCL\ND 1.0 ( In f,l R V \ B n I) r S \ Ics Coll Oxford M-icl en/ c J ^\ tefooid Fsi W «i I 1 1 b gl^ 1 li R \\ M V ll ! (oil ( 111 ii, I tt L II rsq PRS I b^Ls, I nd n » H Ll o J In 1 1 In 1 Ten lie L ndon 1 h 11 pps brT B rt I R isflje V M 1 He H II J les Rev D MA 1 bA Kirk 'ale Li\crpool W lUiams 1 B L»i liuiaTOarl I i Ion Sscretatus Honorary Foreign Secretary.— Monsier Rio, of Llanarth, Monmouthsliire. ISanicrs, Messrs. Williams. Deacon, and Co. London. Messrs. .Jones, Loyd, and Co. Loudo Cfjr tmúÿì) áW^^. aiocitti). Has been formed for tlie [lurpose of transcribing and printing the more important oi the numerous unpublished Bardic and Historieal Remains of Wales, still extant in the Prineipality, and other parts of the world, that have hitherto been allowed to continue in a state of obscurity, without any effective measures being adopted to lay their contents before the public, and secure them from the various accidents to which they are liable. In addition to the general decay which, from their perishable nature, these vuiicrablc rLlii 3 have been for ages undergoing, whole collections have, within a simrt 5i>aiu of time, been destroyed by tìr*- ; and of those MSS. dispersed throughout the country, numbers known to have cxi-t. 1 :i ii -. y .n- ,il:o, are now no where to be found. Besides the inti t :i li . ;iii('icnt documents possess, as objects of antiquarian curiosity, and as < ^ ; ' , S. i-lucidation of British History, they have a claim to attention of a far i ■ l^' ii- i.il < ii:ir;icter, as being intimately connected with the origin and progress of modern Knropcan Literature; for it is among the legends and traditions of the Welsh that many of the materials are to be found, which supplied the nations of the Continent with their earliest subjects of composition, and produced those highly imaginative works that continue to exercise so powerful an influence to the present day. A great mass oflpistmical information, relating to the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, 19 contained in the unpublished Poetry of Wales ; from which an intimate acquaintance with the state of Society during those periods may be obtained ; the Welsh Bards being the Chroniclers of the times in which they lived, and their Poems chiefly addressed to the leading men of the day. Besides Poetry, there is still existing unpublished a large collection of Prose, both Historical and Legendary. The first Work that engaged the attention of the Committee, was the LiiiEa Lan- DAVEKSis, or Llyfr Teho, comprising nearly 700 Royal 8vo. pages; gratuitously edited and translated by the Rev. W. J. Rees, M. A. F.S.A. &c. has been for some time before the PubUc. The second Work issued by the Society, the Heraldic Visitations of V/ales, and its Marches, by Lewys Dwnn, Deputy Herald at Arms, Temp. Ehzabeth, was put into the Press at the joint risk of the Society and the Publisher, and was completed in two very largo Imperial Quarto Volumes, under the gratuitous and able superintendence of the late Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, K.H. LL.U. F.S.A. &c., assisted by W.W. E. Wynne, Esq. M.P., and Mr. Joseph Morris, of Shrewsbury. The third of the Society's Works consists of the loLO MSS. being a Miscellaneous Selection of Ancient AVelsh MSS. in Prose and Poetry, from the originals collected by the late Edward Williams, {Ivlo Morgaiitcg) for the purpose of forming a coiitinuation of the Myvyrian Archaiology, and afterwards proposed to be used as iii.(i> 1 i:ils i,, ;i x.w History of Wales. Edited with Notes and Translations, by his s.n ' i^i> All loLO, of llerthyr Tydvil. This work in consequence of the si in : .. 1 ub- scquent death of its Editor, was completed by the late Rev. T. Pritr, ( u nlm n , >■,, , aiul published a short tin;. 1, i„i, In- ,1, ...!,. The present V. .Inn 1 ,1 ^l1,l!ll British Saints, from Ancient JiSS. in the British Musiin II 1 , 1, ! 1 gratuitously prepared for the press and cdi- ed by the Editor ot ih I 1 1 ik 1, >xn . m -. .-^ tlie Rev. W.J. Kees, M.A. F.S.A. iic. and will bo followed imnu'iliatuly by tlic Works enumerated below; — The Meddyuon Myddpai, or a Compendium of the Medical Practice of the celebrated Rhiwailon and his Sons, Cadwgan, Gruflydd, and Einion, of Myddfai, in Caermarthen- shire, Physicans to Rhys Gryg, lord of Dynevor and Ystrad Towy, son of Gruflydd ap Rhys, the hist Prince of South AVales, about the year 1230.— Edited by John Pughe, Esq. M.K.C.S. of Pcnhelyg House, Aberdovey. The Ancient Welsh Grammar made by Edeyrn Dakod Aur, at the injunction and desire of Llywulyn ap Grtiflydd, (prince of Wales from 1254 to 1282,) Rliys Vychan, lord of Dynevor and YstJ-ad fowy; and Morgan Vychan, lord paramount of Morganwg. Edited by the Rev. John Williams, ( Ab llhH,) M.A. Editor of the Areha;ologia Cam brensis, and Author of the Ecclesiastical Antiquities of tlie Cymry, &c. &c. »A New Edition of the Mvvykian Archaiology of Wales, with English Transla- tions, is being pMpared for the Press, and will be published so soon as a suflicient number of Subscribers is obtained to defray the expense of printing. It will comprise four or fivo Volumes, Royal Octavo, price to Subscribers 2l9. each. The following MSS. have also been recommcndcdfor Publication.— 1 1 11 I,. Pihii l.i i\ ELWY or the Red Book of St. Asaph,— Chronicles of Wales, in ili. I ! .' I 1 . ,ia. — Chroniclhsof Wales, in theKecordOflice.— Theineditedmati I I I 1 1 i .„",r o Heroest, in the Library of Jesus College, Oxford —Registrum iLi... ,.~ ., I,i,mi> SOCK.— Ancient RECOHOs^Temp. Edward HI. belongingto the Maii,.i I ...,11 ..1 Kmliin. prrfiìff. fìfì)t following collection of " Lives," consists of legend- ^ ary biographical accounts of several pious persons, mIio in the early age of the ancient British Church, obtained great eminence and distinction in Wales ; and were called Saints on account of their withdrawing themselves fi-om secular concerns, and devoting their time and attention to reli- gious matters, and particularly to the building of churches, and the founding of pious institutions. The publication of the work was undertaken by the Welsh MSS. Society, in order to supply a desideratum in the liter- ature of our country, by so far completing the series of the Lives of the most celebrated of the Cambro British Saints commenced in the Liber Landavensis, as to form a con- tinuation and be a companion volume to that work, the Lives in both being of the same character, and apparently written about the same time. The purpose for which, these and similar "Lives" were compiled, was to give information how the holy persons that they commemorate lived, and to set their mode of living as an example for others to follow, and accordingly they were appointed to be read in time of, and as part of divine service, whereby the hearers would receive a knowledge of the various particulars of their conduct, and be excited to imitate them. And being thus read for the purpose of conveying religious instruction and inciting to pious con- duct. tlicvNvcrc oallod Lcfjcnds, in ODiitradistinctioii to Hom- ilies, or Discoursea, whicli latter were spokm, and intended to promote tlic religious edification of the hearers by Pre- cept, as the desiijn of these Lives was to effect the same purpose by Example. The days of the year, on M'liich these Lives of the Saints were appointed to be thus publicly read, were those of their festivals, which were the days of their death, and considered to be their birth days, being those whereon they entered into a state of happiness; on which days, their good deeds were related by reading such Lives as are herein recorded ; and the very solemn language, in which tliese Lives were writ- ten, and particularly concluded, and of which the Collects connected \\ath them consisted, evinces the desire that a deep impression should be made on the hearers ; of which Collects, specimens are given in this volume connected with St. David,^ and St. Curig;^ the like to which, were in the same manner uttered after the pulilic reading of the Lives of all other Saints. The time when these "Lives" were compiled,'^ is not known, but it was jirobably about the twelfth century, when the descendants of the Norman invaders were desirous to render more intimate the connection that existed between the British and Roman Churches, and to conciliate the Welsli by wi-iting favourable jiarticulars of their national Saints, whom they venerated. And it may be concluded that all those Lives were originally written in Latin, it being a general language known to the Clergy, and that they were subse- quently abridged and translated by them into Welsh to be read in their churches. And wc have in this work a i-peci- men of the manner in wliich it was done, in the Lives of ' PagoB 144, 447. = Pages 27t>, 609. ^ It lias been observed that a good deal of the Life of St. nityd is in Hexameter Verse, and it is thought that other parts of it are in Kliymc St. David, where the former of the two, in Welsh,' is an abridgement of the latter in Latin; ^ in the same way, as in a later period, some of the Cambro British Clergy translated and adapted English sermons to suit their Welsh congre- gations. The Lives of the Saints being of so much importance, and used regularly in public worship, it may be concluded that at one time copies of them were numerous, but as few of them are at present to be met with, the scarcity may be attributed to the circumstance, that when a change was taking place in the religion of the country, great pains would be taken to destroy what would be considered to uphold the old system. The Editor is not aware whether there is any ancient collection of the Lives of the Welsh (or more properly the Cymric) Saints, besides those in the British Museum, and a few separate single ones in the collection of the Earl of Macclesfield, and in the library of Jesus College, Oxford, from which sources the Lives in this Volume have been extracted. In the year 1366, a collection of them was written by John of Tinmouth, a monk of St. Alban's, of which there is a copy in the Cotton- ian library,^ but being illegible from the effects of fire, it cannot be ascertained whether the Lives therein recorded are the same as those in this volume, or are abridgements. A collection of the Lives of the English Saints, extracted from the said work of John of Tinmouth, was published by John Capgrave, an Austin friar, in 1516;*' and the learned Jesuits at Antwerp, Bolandus and his continuators ' Pagfs iiyl, 402. = Pages 117, 418. ^ Sanctiloginm JohannisTinmuthensis. Tiberius E 1. 18 f. It ii:is been supposed that there is a copy of this MS. in the Lambeth Library, but on examination it was found that what is there written by John of Tinmouth is not the Sanctilogium, but E.\tract8 from various authors respecting the origin of the Britons. * Nova Legcnda Angliie 1510. have, in their voluminous work, commenced in the year 1643,^ given several particulars of the Cambro-British Saints, but on collating them, what they both contain were found to be abridgements of those inserted in this volume. Another work which contains abridgements of the same Lives, is that of the Rev. Alban Butler, with the title of "The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Principal Saints;"^ and lately a work was published with the title of "The Cister- cian Saints in England", and afterwards called "The Lives of the English Saints,"' which contains an abridged Life of the Cambro-British Saint Gundleus (Gwynllyw.) With respect to the materials, from which these Lives were written, it may be observed that in the Life of St. David, herein inserted, the writer states that he had collected Avhat had been found in the most ancient writings of the country, which, although corroded by the constant devour- ing of moths, and a long series of years, had escaped.* And it may be concluded that the writers of the other Lives had similar materials to work with ; and that their foundation was in general truth, although they were prin- cipally intended to excite devotion, by exalting and perhaps exaggerating the meritorious deeds, and dignity of the canonized Saints, yet they incidentally exhibit information to be sought for in vain elsewhere.^ Respecting the authority of the various miracles herein related to have been performed by the Saints, the reader will of course form his own opinion. It may however be observed, that Roman Catholic writers have not unanimous ' Acta Sanctorum coUccta, digesta, notis illustrata, J. Bollando ct aliis, Antwerp. CO Tol. fol. 1643—1736. = C)f this work there are several editions, the tliird in 12 vol. 8vo. Edinburgh, 1798, and the last, 2 vol. 8vo. Dublin and London, 1838. ' This work was commenced in 1844, and the 14th part was published in 1845. 12mo, London. * l'.ngo 416. '■ "Monumcnta Historira Britannica," ful. Londun, 1843. Page 39. sentiments relating to them; while one tells us that there is no reason why they should not be received as matters of fact, and that there is nothing in them to repel a properly taught, and religiously disposed mind ; ^ another informs us that the Lives of the Saints, are not to be considered as strict biographies but as edifying stories composed from tradition, and designed not so much to relate facts as to produce a religious impression on the mind of the hearer.^ In " Butler's Lives of the Saints," the author tells us that entirely to omit the mentioning of miracles would be an infidelity in history, yet he is very sparing in giving an account of them, deeming it sufficient to refer the reader to the original records.^ Whereas in the said "Lives of the English Saints," lately published, they are particularly related according to their deemed importance. In the arrangement of the Lives related in this volume, regard is paid to the letters of the alphabet commencing the names of the Saints, whereby the reader is enabled to find the more readily the Life of any particular Saint wanted; except in the case of St. David, where the Welsh Life being the shortest, is placed before that which follows, as introductory to it. And the reader is further informed that the Lives in the Appendix were placed therein, be- cause they were not of Cambro-British Saints, but were, notwithstanding, connected with Wales: the two former, those of St. Catharine and St. Margaret, being in the Welsh Language, and the Saints themselves having Welsh churches dedicated to them; and with respect to the three latter, those of St. Aldus, St. Brendanus, and St. Tathan, 1 "Lives of the English Saints," No. 2, Advertisement to the Life of St. Richard, Pages iii, iv. - "Lives of the English Saints," No. 4. Life of St. Nects. Page 74. ' Introductory discourse to Butler's Lives of the Saints, Pages jcIt, xlvi. the Saints, although natives of Ireland, had passed much of their time in the Welsh country. The other articles intro- duced in the Appendix are connected vith the main subject of the volume, and in accordance with the objects of the Welsh MSS. Society. These "Lives" are deemed of considerable importance in indicating the manners and customs, habits and feelings of the people of the ages, in which they were compiled. An able Reviewer, in the Athenaeum, states that a perusal of such Älemoirs was "absolutely necessary to all who would understand the condition of the Ancient British Church, and of ancient British Society." He further sug- gests that " a work on the Church of Wales, with full Bio- graphies of the more ancient Saints, and an inquiry into the state of Literature and Manners from the earliest period, to the time of Giraldus Cambreusis, if compiled not merely from AVelsh Publications, but also from the MSS. dispersed in Libraries throughout the country, would be of exceeding value, and of exceeding interest ;" and it may be said, would form an appropriate sequel to the Essay of the late Pro- fessor Rees, on the Welsh Saints. The Liber Landavensis and the present Work supply many requisite materials, which have been gleaned from the ancient MSS. to which the Reviewer refers, and it is hoped that some competent person Avill undertake to comjilete the Inquiry which he suggests; and which has been partially accomplished in the two very able works, " Williams's Ecclesiastical Anti- quities of the Cymry," and "Stephens's Literature of the Kymry." The province of the AVelsh JMSS. Society being the publication of original MSS. with translations and Notes, leaves to the future historian the office of eluci- dating the particulars, and reducing the several related facts into regular history. The "Lives" now presented to the public were Transcri- bed from original MSS. deposited in the British Museum, and elsewhere; and were partially prepared for the Press by the late lamented Rev. T. Price, Carnhuanawc; they were subsequently re-copied and carefully collated with the originals by the present Editor, who takes pleasure in acknowledging the courtesy he received from the officers in attendance at the British Museum, in readily supplying him with such MSS. as he wished to procure for the pur- pose of making extracts. lie likewise acknowledges with pleasure the kindness he received from the Principal and Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford, in permitting him to make extracts from MSS. in their Library ; and from the late Earl of Macclesfield, who once allowed him access to the valuable collection in his Lordship's possession, formerly the property of the celebrated Welsh scholar, the Rev. MoseS Williams. Unfortunately he was unable to make more extensive transcripts in consequence of a fall which he had, that obliged him to return home, and after his recovery His Lordship did not find any time convenient to allow him to return and complete his projected labours, which had he been enabled to do, the present volume would have been rendered still more interesting. The Editor also feels pleasure in returning his thanks to Howel W. Lloyd, Esq. of St. Leonard's on the Sea, for supplying him with copies of the Hymns to St. Curig ; ^ and to the eminent Irish paleologist, Eugene Curry, Esq. for restoring, and translating the ancient Irish sentences in the Life of St. Aidus.^ There is so much matter in the present volume of interest common to Wales and Ireland, that the 1 Pages 276, 609. ' Page 573. the Saints, although natives of Ireland, had passed much of their time in the AVelsh country. The other articles intro- duced in the Appendix are connected with the main subject of the volume, and in accordance with the objects of the Welsh ÄISS. Society. These "Lives" are deemed of considerable importance in indicating the manners and customs, habits and feelings of the people of the ages, in which they were compiled. An able Reviewer, in the Athenaeum, states that a perusal of such INIemoirs was "absolutely necessary to all who would understand the condition of the Ancient British Church, and of ancient British Society." He further sug- gests that " a work on the Church of Wales, with full Bio- graphies of the more ancient Saints, and an inquiry into the state of Literature and INIanners from the earliest period, to the time of Giraldus Cambrensis, if compiled not merely from "\"\''elsh Publications, but also from the INLSS. dispersed in Libraries throughout the country, would be of exceeding value, and of exceeding interest ;" and it may be said, would form an appropriate sequel to the Essay of the late Pro- fessor Rees, on the Welsh Saints. The Liber Landavensis and the present AVork supply many requisite materials, which have been gleaned from the ancient MSS. to -which the Reviewer refers, and it is hoped that some competent person will undertake to complete the Inquiry which he suggests; and which has been partially accomplished in the two very able works, " Williams's Ecclesiastical Anti- quities of the Cymry," and "Stephens's Literature of the Kymry." The province of the Welsh JMSS. Society being the publication of original ÄISS. with translations and Notes, leaves to the future historian the office of eluci- dating the particulars, and reducing the several related facts into regular history. The "Lives" now presented to the public were Transcri- bed from original MSS. deposited in the British Museum, and elsewhere; and were partially prepared for the Press by the late lamented Rev. T. Price, Carnhuanawc; they were subsequently re-copied and carefully collated with the originals by the present Editor, who takes pleasure in acknowledging the courtesy he received from the officers in attendance at the British Museum, in readily supplying him with such MSS. as he wished to procure for the pur- pose of making extracts. He likewise acknowledges with pleasure the kindness he received from the Principal and Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford, in permitting him to make extracts from JMSS. in their Library ; and from the late Earl of Macclesfield, who once allowed him access to the valuable collection in his Lordship's possession, formerly the property of the celebrated Welsh scholar, the Rev. MoseS Williams. Unfortunately he was unable to make more extensive transcripts in consequence of a fall which he had, that obliged him to return home, and after his recovery His Lordship did not find any time convenient to allow him to return and complete his projected labours, which had he been enabled to do, the present volume would have been rendered still more interesting. The Editor also feels pleasure in returning his thanks to Howel W. Lloyd, Esq. of St. Leonard's on the Sea, for supplying him with copies of the Hymns to St. Curig ; ^ and to the eminent Irish paleologist, Eugene Curry, Esq. for restoring, and translating the ancient Irisli sentences in the Life of St. Aidus.^ There is so much matter in the present volume of interest common to Wales and Ireland, that the Page 67 Editor hopes it may, in some measure, tend to the study of Irish Antiquities in Wales, and of Welsh Antiquities in Ireland. It is with pleasure that he has witnessed the connexion, now on the increase, between the Antiquaries of both countries, and he cannot but feel that many fresh facts would be elicited, and those known, elucidated by mutual acquaintance with each others ancient literature. To J. Bruce Pryce, Esq. the Editor is indebted, for his readiness and zeal in assisting to identify some of the old boundaries described in this Work, for which he returns him his thanks; and also to the Rev. D. Älorgan, of Llancarvan, and ^Ir. Edward Thomas, of Llanbethery, for their kind assistance in identifying places mentioned in the Life of St. Cadoc. To J. O. Westwood, Esq. the Editor considers that not only he himself, but also the whole Principality is deeply indebted for the preservation of correct copies of the Inscriptions on the ancient monumental stones of Wales. The very accurate, and spirited representation of the Cross of St. Illtyd, given as a frontispiece to this volume, is from his pencil, and is doubtless valuable, and was likely to have become nuich more so, for in a short time afterwards, the hands of a ruthless engineering contractor would have completely destroyed the ancient monuments at Lantwit Major, M-hcrc this monumental cross is placed, had not the evil been averted through the exertions, and remonstrances of some of the members of the Cambrian Arclia;olo"ical Association. Lastly, in closing the list, and returning thanks to the kind persons, who have rendered assistance to the Editor in preparing the volume, he deems it his duty, most cordially to return liis thanks to Thomas Wakeman, Esq. for the very valuable Notes, which he was so good as to communicate, both with respect to passages in this work, and the sup- plementary ones to the Liber Landavensis; his intimate acquaintance with the early history of the Araiorican Britons enabling him to adjust several difficult points in the chronology of the History of Wales; in all of which he has shewn deep research, and an extensive knowledge of the ancient and present state of the locality of the district. By means of the assistance which the Editor has thus received, and his own individual exertions, he anxiously hopes that, notwithstanding the difficulties he had to en- counter, owing to the distance between the place of his residence, and those places where the MSS. were depos- ited, and the occasional obscurities in the MSS. them- selves, a volume is produced, which will be satisfactory, not only to the Committee and Members of the Welsh MSS. Society, but also to the Subscribers to the work, and the Public in ireneral. Cuntentii I. LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH.— Translated prom the Latin. Saint Brynach deduced his origin from illustrious ancestors, and embraced the service of God from his infancy. He travels through various countries in his younger years sowing the seeds of religion. He comes to Rome, in the neighbourhood of which, he by prayer kills a pestilential beast. He travels to Lesser Britain where he remains many years, and performed important beneficial acts, and great miracles. He removes to Milibrd in Pembrokeshire, where he withstands the attacks of a nobleman's daughter to injure him. He fixes on a place of residence by the river Gwain, and afterwards on the Never, and at length becomes settled on the banks of the Caman. He has an alterca- tion with Maelgon, king of Wales, who is ultimately reconciled, and grants to him an exemption from all regal tribute, with the jurisdiction of the land of Telych. After the performance of many great miracles, he is removed to eternal blessedness. Latin, from 5th to 12th page — English 289 — 298. II. LIFE OF SAINT BEINO.— from the Welsh. Saint Beino was born when his parents were in advanced age. He is instructed by Saint Tangusius, and noticed by king Ynyr Gwent. He goes to Maun, son of Broch- mael, and has given to him Berriew, in Montgomeryshire. He comes to Meivod in the same country, where he remains for some time with Saint Tysilio. From thence he goes to Cynan, son of Brochmael, and has given to him Gwyddelwern. Leaving that place, he goes to the banks of the Dee, and obtains from Temic, a place to pray to God, and a township, where he built a church, and consecrated it to God. This Temic was the son of Eliud, and had a beautiful daughter named Winefred Winefred refusing to submit to the criminal desires of king Caradoe, is killed by him at the entrance into the church. She is restored to life by Saint Beino, and at the place where her blood was shed arose Saint Winefred's Well in Flintshire, Saint Beino prays to God that Cara- doe might not be spared on account of his crime, and he melted into a pool, and was no more seen in this world. Saint Beino goes to Cadwallon, son of Cadvan, and has given to him Gwaredawc, in Arvon, This place being claimed, he goes to Caernarvon, and has the township of Kelynawn granted hhn by Guideuit. He restores to life a daughter of king Ynyr Gwent, who had been killed by her husband. And after the performance of many other miracles, and giving meat to the hungry, and drink to the thirsty, clothing to the naked, lodging to strangers, visiting the sick, and conferring important benefits on various persons, departed joyfully to heaven. Welsh, page 13 — 21. Translation, 299 — 308. IIL LIFE OF SAINT CADOC,— From the Latin. Saint Cadoc the son of Gwynllyw king of Gwynllwg, was baptized by the name of Cathmail, and instructed by Meuthi. Tidus is punished for refusing to give fire to Cadoc. Cadoc departs from his instructor, seeks a place for the worship of God, and builds a monastery. He sails to Ireland, and comes to the principal men of the country named Lismore Muchutu. He returns and settles in the district of Brycheiniog, where he is instructed by Bachan. He performs a miracle thero by procuring com for the fa- mishing poor, which becomes known to his grandfather, Brychan, then resident at Llan- spyddid. He returns to his principal monastery at Llancarvan. He undertakes a long .XVIII. CONTENTS. journey, anj in his abicnco Saint David assembles a large synod at Brevi. He lands in tbe island of Grinibul, where a queen who was barren became pregnant through means of his prayer, and brings forth a son who was named Klli. He goes through Greece and Jerusalem, and retunis to the island of Grimbul. Is displeased with Saint Uavid for hold- ing the «ynod in his absence, but is appeased by an angel. He goes to the islands of Bureu and Echni, and to Nantcarran, where he daily fed 500 persons. Performing ■ Diimcle by causing robbcra to bo swallowed up alive, ^lltyd is thereby converted. He go« to a city near the river Neath, and raises to life an architect named Linguri, who was ilcad. Has a dispute with king Arthur, and forgives him. He restores eyesight tu king Rhun and his scn-anU, who had become blind, ami ilclivcrs Khun from the hands of the men of Gwynllwg. He goes to Scotland and tli. i i > 1 1 in- inir.iiles. He returns to Uaneanan, and hospitably entertains Saint GiM -^ i ' 'i,' a spotted bell to Home, which was intended for the Pope, butuUinij- m | -Mssed of by Saint Cadoc. He attends his father on his de:itlil". I i- i :,i iiim grants of much property. By his prayers, wolves were clini ,i ( uiiiw all a health-bear- ing fountain is produced by him. He goi -^ i ilnii^li districts in France and Italy where places were built by th. - t« Aipnorici, and erects therein an elegant church which place he 1^..,,., ; In . liuirli at Llanearvan. He restores a bridge overthrown by a flood, and cau:-< mi i 1 Mprived of the sight ofonceye,wliohadunlawfullybeheldthemonumiîit I I I ; I Ic appoints his dis- ciple Elli to bo rector over the clergy and common | i h ,i 1,1 ,ii ...h ui, and is removed in a «bite cloud from Britain to the city of Beneveiitujn, w luiu lie is uidained an Abbot, with the name of Sophias. Subsequently he is raised to be the bishop of Beneventum, and is slain by a soldier when partaking of the holy eucharist. A chapel was built over his se- pulchro. When his coffin was struck, it emitted a noise, and the death of the striker fol- owcd. Latin, page 22—96. Translation, 309—395. IV. LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG.— From the Latin. Saint Carannog was religious from his childhood, and real r u' I I. tnros from the cave of Edilu. Ho goes to Ireland where he associati - 1 1 i I. and changes his name to Cernach. The churches and cities in ili i 1 j n w.ic «Halted under his name, and wherever he was he performed mii,i< ! nl I: :il il .Us. asis. Adcrwards ho comes to his cave in the country of Ceredigion, with many clcrtrymen. An altar is given to him, which he threw into the sea, and it went before him where he was to go. He renders harmless a powerful serpent which had laid waste twelve parts of the land of Carrum. Carrum is given to him at the desire of Arthur, where he builds a church. His altar lands in the part of Cwellit, and there he built a church, and the city was called Carron. He goes to Ireland, where he dies, and he was buried in the city called the city of Cernach. Latin, page 97—99. Translation, page 396 — 401. V. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, (DEWI.)— From the Welsh. Tlio particulars of the Life of Saint David which are related in this article are all men- tioned, and in the same order, with fuller details in the follow ing one, so that it may be considered to be an abridgement of it. And the contents being accordingly the same a refen'ncc may bo made thereto, for those contained in this article. Welsh, page 102— 11Ö. Translation, page 402 — 417. VI. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID.-From the Latin. S.iint David was foretold to his father Sandde, and to Saint Patrick, thirty years Wforc he was boni, and it was intimated that he should be enriched with mysterious gifts. Non the mother of David, when pregnant of him, by her presence disables Saint «iildas from preaching. Saint David is baptized by Belue, bishop of the Menevensians. He is instructed at Brat at a place called Old Rush, and subsequently goes for more instruc- tion to .Saint I'aulinus. He foun, page 1 83— 1 87. English , i 95—501 . X. LIFE OF SAINT PADARN.— From the Latin. Saint Padam was an Armoriean by nation, and descended from noble parents. From h» childhood he chose to follow Christ; and when companies of the Amiorieans, under the leaders Ilitenlau, Cadvan, and Tydecho, sailed over to Britain, Padarn was made the fourth leader of a company. Eight hundred and forty seven monks followed him, and with his saints, he took a place in the church, subsequently called Llanbadarn-fawr in Cardiganshire, where he distinguished himself by performing a remarkable miracle. From thence he sailed to Ireland, where he made perpetual peace between the kings of two pronnees \>ho were at war. He returns to Britain, and builds monasteries and churches throughout the region of Ceredigion. The heralds of Maelgon maliciously trying Saint rsdam, were disappointed, and thereby lost their lives. ^King Maelgon becoming iJlind on account of the intended mischief to Saint Padam, asks his pardon, and remu- ncraUng him with a quantity of land, has his sight restored. Saint Padarn goes with S«int David and Saint Tcilo to Jerusalem, where they were ordained by the imposition of liand» of the chief archbishop. He goes to Armorica at the request of Caradoc Vraich- vras, and made laws for the churches therein, which should last for ever. Having suflfer- , ""''' 'ro™ envious and false brethren, he leaves Armorica, and goes to the Franks, Where he finUhed his course. Whilst the patriarch was at Jerusalem, the kings of the ftrec «outliem kingdoms of the Britons succeeded under the three episcopacies of three «int», and the third episcopal place was the city of Saint Padarn bishop. On a certain Die whiUt Saint Padam lived in his cell it happened that one of his servants was slain J7 "neves, of which being informed, he went to the wood, and called him by his name, e«« ; then the head which which was cut off answered him; and at the blessing of the oiy rnan, the head and body were joined together and the servant arose alive. The foiTl * "!"''"l^ ^ "'o <^»" of Eithir the governor, he asked pardon from Saint Padarn r Uic crime of the murderers, who were his men, and granted to him a portion of very r"", " «^"•"'•n-; to whom he gave pardon, and foretold th-' ' -'- no ihou d plea«! the Lord, and at his death be honourably 1 Place '."-, page, 189-197. English, .502-514. XI. LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED.-From the Latin.| Sainl WineiVcd was the only daughter of Teuyth who lived in Tegenglc, and from her liZnll" "" '"""*'' '° "•" '""■'"■ °' '■e''B'»n- Hfr father got her instructed in the r«i artii, and Saint Beino was engaged to be her instructor. Her father and mother ^10 near man and the preaching of Saint Beino, and in their absence she is visited by ^jMOoc, a ton of the prince of the district, who is desirous to attack her chastity, and SI..""" "'",'"''"""»<"'7 to obtain the protection of peace from God and Saint Beino. - 1« li puniuttl |„ Canuloc, who overtakes her at the threshold and cuts off her head. CONTENTS. XXI. Saint Beino beholding the corpse, fits the head to the body, and by prayer causes the body to resume the soul ; and the floor stained with her blood cracks, and a fountain springs up in a torrent at the place. Saint Winefred makes a cloak for Saint Beino, which is annually brought to him in a miraculous manner. She attends a synod, and is elected to be over eleven virgins, that they might receive from her an example of life and holy conversation. Several miracles were performed at the fountain which flowed where her blood was shed. Three stones were seen in the ebullition to ascend and descend with the springing of the fountain, one of which a certain woman taking hold of, was seized with illness, and soon died. Many of those who were afiflicted with worms went to the fountain, and returned home in health. Some who had been deprived of their in- tellects, and were troubled by unclean spirits, and with difficulty brought to the place in chains, returned from thence fully governing themselves with reason. Likewise persons aflhcted with fevers, by an application of the water of the sacred fountain, were cured of those of every kind. Latin, page 198—209. English, 515—529. APPENDIX. I. LIFE OF SAINT CATHARINE.— From the Welsh. Saint Catharine was daughter of Alexander, king of Constantinople, and devoted her- self to divine service in her youth. King Maxen orders the people of his country to come and sacrifice to his gods, and such as would not, to be put in prison ; and Saint Catha- rine refused to obey his orders. He commands her to believe in his gods. On her not complying with his orders, she is cast into prison, where God showed her mercy, so that the gaol was all luminous, and angels came down, and communicated joy to her. And Maxen having in various ways endeavoured in vain to make her worship his gods, orders her to be taken out of the town and executed. And her head was cut otf, and milk in- stead of blood ran out, and the angels took the soul of the blessed maiden to heaven. And whosoever came to her grave, requesting deliverance and health, and believed in her sufierings obtained them ; and four streams of oil ran from her breasts, and many men and women therefrom received deliverance. Welsh, p. 211 — 218 English, 531 — 539. II. LIFE OE SAINT MARGARET.— From the Welsh. Saint Margaret was the only daughter of Theodosius, and when she was only ten years of age gave herself up wholly to God. And Oliver the Sovereign of Asia, who wor- shipped false gods, came to the city of Antioch, near which Saint Margaret resided, for the purpose of ensnaring the Christians, and bringing them to unbelief. Having to no purpose attempted to force her not to believe in Almighty God, and preach Jesus Christ, he became angry and ordered her to be cast into prison until he should invent means how he might overcome her. Sitting as judge at Antioch, he sends for Margaret, and threatens her that unless she would worship his gods, his sword should pierce her, and her bones should be burnt. As she refused, he orders his oflicers to raise her up in the air, and beat her with rods. Saint Margaret continuing in her belief, Oliver orders her to be cast into prison, where was a marvellous dragon which swallowed her, but she was afterwards delivered. Saint Margaret saw another devil in the prison whose hands were bound, and he was upon his knees and she overcame him, and he became dumb and went away. On another day, the judge ordered Saint Margaret to be again brought before him, and she again refused to worship his gods, and he ordered his oflicers to hang her in she air, and burn her with consuming flames. At length Oliver ordered Saint Margaret to be beheaded with a sword ; and when the man struck her, she fell to floor, and the angels of God descended, and took her soul to heaven, praising God. The sick, the lame, the deaf and dumb, and those who were possessed by dumb demons, and the maimed came to pray to her for deliverance, and through her means obtained a cure for their maladies, and disorders. Welsh, page 219 — 231. English, 540 — 653. in. LIFE OF SAINT AIDUS.— From the Latin. Saint Aldus was the son of Sedia by his wife Eithne, of the province of Connaught in Ireland. He was born in the island of Brercemaige, and to that island, light has never been wanting. Being a hostage to king Ammerus, he delivered himself and fifty-three Xxii. CONTENTS. boy« from the power of the king. lie restores eight wethers which had been devoured by wolrc», and shows to some religious persons the place of their resurrection. Saint Aldus, and Saint Molapas being companions, and desirous to separate, it was revealed to thcan, how each was to go. Saint Aldus being on a mountain would go to where Aired Siniuch dwelt, and angels took him to the place. He raises to life three boys who had been drowned. He comes to the borders of the Laginensians, and sails over to the city of Saint David, where he performs many miracles. Afterwards he returns to Ireland, and ou approaching the land, ho saved some strangers, who were about tn bo murdered. Ho walks over the sea dryshod. His bell came over the sea to him from Britain. He appeased a cow which had lost a calf by its being devoured by wolves — he renders blind, a man who wislicd to deceive him, in order to obtain flour. A herald who was desirous of stealing money committed to his keeping, died in consequence. He converts a leaf into a loaf, in place of one given to a wolf. A woman who was dead, arose to life «n being told that Saint Aidus called for her. Saint Aldus went to the counti7 of the Britr.ns, on being sent for by Saint David, and on returning he went to the sea, and saw a larL,.' ani mal like a horse, and sitting on his shoulder, he came across the sea to Ireland. A [lar- olytic man came from Rome, and sought a cure throughout the world, and could luit procure it ; and on being informed that no one could cure except Saint Aidus, who waò in Ireland ; he then went over sea, and found Saint Aidus dead, but the spittle that was in his mouth cured him of all his complaints. After his descease, Saint Moiling would sleep in his bed, although he was told not to it, but so soon as he lay therein, he was seized with illness, and found that every one was not worthy to sleep in the bed of Aidus. Latin, page 232—250, English, 551 — 574. IV. LIFE OF BREND ANUS.— From the Latin. Saint Brendaniis was a man of great abstinence, eminent in virtues, and president over a great many monks. When ho resided in his Grove, Barurchus came to him, and re- lated various particulars of the Land of Promise of the Saints, which was in a certain island. He said that his son a young man, named Menoc, had found a beautiful island by a stony mountain, and had several monks with him therein. That he went to visit him, and as they wero walking over the island, they went to the sea coast, and sailed to the island called tlio Promised Land of the Saints. While sailing they were overwhelmed by clouds, and afterwards a great light appeared, aii.l tlir hmd was spacious and fruitful. In walk- ing over the island, they saw no herbs wìiIhmu lii^^nns, nor trees without fruits, and its precious stones were of various kinds. \\ L. n .lr,ii inu' to juissa river, there appeared one in great splendour before them, who said lliat Cml Iialiwcaled to them the land that He was about to give to his Saints, where meat and diink, and clothing were not wanting, anil none were oppressed with sleep. They afterw.ards came to where their ships were, and returned to the beautiful island, where the brethren exulted on their arrival. Bar- nrchua after remaining some time, departs with his companions that he might return to hi» cell. On hearing the description, Saint Brendanus, with his congregation, p.ostrated tlicmselvoi to the ground and glorified God ; and he requested their advice and assistance tliat the Land of Promise of the Saints, of which Barurchus had spoken, should be in the heart of his spirit. Laün, page, 251—254. English, 575— -579. V. LIFE OF SAINT TATHAN.-From the Latin. Saint Tathan was adorned with legitimate morals, and from his infancy was pure from allurements; ho was committed by his parents to the study of letters «Inn a eliild, and w.-» instructed as his genius expanded ; having made great progn ss in . I( nu ntary knowknlge, ho became celebrated throughout Ireland, and many youths !lo- Icrd to hini to hoar ha learning. Despising an earthly kingdom, he chose a heavenlj one. He goes to Britain wiüi his disciple», and lands in Gwent, where after having left the ship in which ho had Milcd, it was held by a stag with his feet, that it should not be overturned and loat. W hde m Gwent, at the request of king Caradoc, he governed a college for rtudy, and wholar» from all parts flocked to him for knowledge. A suitable place for dmno wrvico u given him, and by the donations of Ynyr son of Caradoc ho there founde.1 a church. Mischievous people having spoiled the grass of a meadow, by the trampling of hone, where a cow grazed, the horses were found dead through the prayer of Saint Tathan but on the repentance and entreaty of the owners, they were restored to .Ll„ÍLrt'^J"^f,'^'""î '^"""'" "■'"'™ '' '" *>« ^^ residence. A cow which was •lolon and killed could not be cooked, but became bloody in the pot, and subsequently the cow camo to life. Saint Cadoc, a disciple of Saint Tathan, being employed to procure fire, should not have it unless it was taken away in his cloak, which was so taken and yet tlie cloak was not injured. A maiden who kept sheep had a ram stolen from her, and was herself murdered that she might not make known the robbery ; which Saint Tathan hearing, he grieved, and prayed that the murderers might be made known, who being struck with compunction, confessed their crimes, and the body being found where they described, he then built a church in honour of her. A swineherd complaining of the dryness of the land where he kept his pigs, a clear fountain flowed, through the prayers of Saint Tathan. A pigeon which belonged to Saint Tathan is taken away by a rapacius kite, but is subsequently restored to him. A cruel she-wolf having stolen from the swine herd the young pigs of one sow, they are restored through prayer to Saint Tathan. The most holy Father emitting his breath from his body, the heavenly angels become his associates, and on his decease angelic lightning filled the chamber, and was most fragrant of all. Latin, page 255— 264. English, 580— 591. VI. PEDIGREES OP THE SAINTS.— From the Welsh. These Pedigrees were taken from an old Manuscript written in the thirteenth century; and was in the possession of Edward Lhwyd, author of the Archa2ologia Britannica, about the year 1707.— Welsh, page 265—268. English, 592—597. Vir. PEDIGREES OF THE WELSH SAINTS.— From the Welsh. These Pedigrees were taken out of an old Manuscript, which was once in the possession of John Lewis, Esq. of Llanwenny, in the county of Radnor, about the time of Queen Elizabeth. Welsh, page 269—271. English, 598—601. VIII. ACCOUNT OF BRYCHAN OF BRYCHEINIOG.— From the Latin. This Account of Brychan of Brycheiniog and his kindred was taken from an ancient Manuscript about the year 900. Latin, page 272— 275. English, 602— 608. IX. HYMNS OF THE MARTYR SAINT CURIG.— from the Welsh. These Hymns are devotional exercises connected with the Life of Curig ; similar to which there were Hymns used on account of the several Cambro British Saints on the days, whereon their respective Lives were read in time of divine service. Welsh, page 276—277. English, 609—611. X. AN EPITOME OP THE HISTORY OP BRITAIN.— From the Latin. This Epitome of British History extends from the year 1230 before the comencement of the Christian era to the year of our Lord 1281. Latin, page 278—284. English, 612-622. INDEX TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION and NOTES, page 623. LIST of SUBSCRIBERS, G35-636. Sllnntrníiflim, St. Illtyd's Cross; facing the Title Page. The Description thereof. 490. Facsimile op M.S. Life of St. David 102. Ditto Life op St. Gündleüs 145. Ditto Life of St. Winef;ied 198. W\k lnnrti %mmi INCIPIT VITA SANCTI BERNACI^ CONFESSOEIS. rígítsibi Domiiius virum de filiis Israel jnxta cor suum, Bernaci nomine, venustis ornatum moribus, titulisque virtutum iiisignibiis excellentem ; votum quippe vovit Deo Jacob quod ad summum irreprehensibiliter usque perduxit. Ab uberibus igitur matris sue Dei sui nomen amplectens, ejusque mandata non preteriens, elegit potius abjectus esse in domo ejus quam palatiis principum delicatius Tersari. Ab illustri siquidem parentum prosapia ortum ducens, meritumque famae laudabilis non minimum obtinens, divi- tiisque quibus allici solent animi saîcularium admodum locupletatus, nee non pratensis dilatatus patrimoniis, nee non parentum solacio nee famaî preconio, nee diviciarum capi voluit deliciis, nee patrimoniorum includi legibus. Quid ergo, terram nativitatis suoe non suam reputans, extra patriam se portans patriam voluit adquirere, peregrinando voluit repatriare. Juxta Christi verbum, Christi imitaudo vestigia, omnia relinquendo sibi exoptavit donari omnia, exivit, perexit itinerando ad mare prevenit, nave ascendit; tranquillo cursu Deo disponente, transfretavit terrarum spa- cia transeundo, verborum Christi semina disseminando, Romam ingressus est. Ibi Dei doctrinaî pocula pectore sitibundo a quibusdam alacriter si posset, ministravit. ' Ex MS. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. Vespasian A, xiv. p. 142. ■■= Wallice Brynach. ^ITA SANCTI BERNACI. Eo tempore in Romaniíe partibus sevicbat qiia-dam bel- lua pcstifcra, qiuT quoscuuque conspiceret homines aut cru- eiitis lacerabat faucibiig, aut solo flatu venenoso ad mortem infif it'bat, auimalium quoque corpora iiifinita ut rabiem sa- ciaret laniabat, suus furor ingenitus uullo poterat saturari modo; tantum incolis incutiebat metum ut onmimodis se feliccm estimaret, qui suam babitationem locaque finitima rclinqucudo, hujusmodi diram pestem effugere posset. At vir sauctus humanorum miseriis cupiens subvenire, quod populorum ncquibat multitudo mida precium instantia, bclluam mortiferam ad terram enecando prostravit; pro quo, nee non pro aliis spectabilibus factis cuncti sanctum mireficabant, magnificisque incessanter extollebant laudibus. Videus autem vir Dei se plus solito divulgatum, malensque soli Deo, cui cordis occulta patent, in occulto placere, quam in ore populi, qui sola solet exteriora perpendere, famosius versari quamdiu inliabitaverat Romam, et ubi quasi certani sibi paraverat mansionem olanculo deseruit. Deiiidc longuni iter arripiens, et quocunque devcniret iniitandiun cunctis praibens bonitatis exemplum, versus oc- cidentales mundi partes tendendo, minorem Britanniam ingressus est; ibi quidem per multos annos commoratus be- neficia potiora magnasque Tirtutes operatus est. Conflu- ebant ad eum infirmi ad recuperandam coi-porum sanitatem; concurrobant sani ut ad animarum medelam celestis doc- trina" salutaria pcrcipcrent monimenta. Gratulabatur Bri- tannia i)b tanti viri presentiani, per quem salus igitur diffun- di'batur gratuita; congratulabatur sanctus per Dei gratiam indiwiitibus ])osset perficere; tristabatur tamen et moleste ferebat quod se cunctis fama volans non cessabat propalare. Unam ipsam quasi monstrum vitans inplacabile, latenter, et solus acccssit ad mare; et cum navim non invenisset petram quandam in undo; superficie apte locavit, fideliter rccolens «luod (|ui de petra in deserto aquam perduxit, potens esset et faccre su])er aquam petram natare; sanctus Dei fide plenus totuin so Deo oommittens, cujns via in mari, et scinit:L> ejus in aquis ninltis, petram ascendit, quia super VITA SANC'TI BERNACI. t finiiam petram id est Christum, fundatus erat; quia guber- nat omnia summiis Deus, qui terram palmo concludit, montes ponderat, qui firmat in virtute sua mare, mitigata equoris planicie longitudinem Britannici maris sanctum suum vexit, et in hostio JVIilfordi in Demetica regione, ad ripam fluminis Cleddyf applicuit. Cumque aliquamdiu Deo suo famulando ibidem morare- tur, antiquus humani generis adversarius nova suaj semper fingens common ta nequitiai, ad expugnandara fortius casti- moniaj puritatem continue accinctus, iiliam optimatis qui terre illi donabatur in amorem Sancti acrius incitavit. Ista vero, ut quequaj fere mulier diabolo vetus armatura malig- nitatis vas amplum et omne facinus invincibiliter pra;parata, temptat omnimodis famulum Dei illecebrose voluptatis suae laqueis vinculare, et a consummatione melioris praiposita conatur avertere suaî luxuriiB, miscet aconita venereisque nuinimentis formose indusiata, non cessat illi propinare quod miscuit inepte; non sitivit hujusmodi poculum sanc- tus Dei famulus, sed respuit, et ut monet apostolus, fugit fornicalionis assultus. In hoc, etenim conflictu melius pugnat qui cedit quam qui resistit, fortius vincit qui for- tius fugit. Puella vero puellarem abdicans modestiam, qui stabilem animum ad amorem nefariam non potuit inclinare, amorem vertens in odium sancti viri, sanctum corpus voluit ab anima separare. Mulier quidem in amore repudiata ex- cogitat omne malum, et quem paulo ante usque ad divisi- onem corporis et animse dilexerat, nunc in odium ejus in- flammata ad omne genus mortis producere conatur. Qui ut ille morum egrtgius informator Seneca ait, Aut odit, aut amat mulier, nichil est medium ; misit ergo quos- dam viros crudeles ad prosequendum Sanctum, ferociter praîcipiens ut si vivuni non possunt reducere, vivum non si- nerent abire. Accelerant viri nefandi, ct ad malum suum currunt obcccati; quem secuntur inveniunt, mollibusque ver- bis ut redeatprimum alliciunt; sed quia cum eis redire recu- sat, unus eorum mitem virum lancaî diro confodit vulnere, irruunt et alii volentes perimere, sed assistunt nutu Dei qui- 8 VITA SANCTI BERNACI. dam praîscntes qui virum sanctum a manibus carnificiuiu festiuant crijiere. At ille qui vulnus iufixit, Dei statim ultionc perculsus, toto corpore pediculis alatis obsessus, postquam diu languore et inedia afflictus fuerat, morte tandem misfrabile miscram fiui\'it vitam. Sanctus Dei fa- mulus ad fontem qui juxta erat accessit, et aquam subin- trans, sanguine abluit; Unde usque in hodiernum diem fons ille Fons Rubeus vocatus est ; ubi etiam ob honorem Sancti misericors Deus multa sanitatum infirmis prsestat beneficia, iiec mora Domino mcdiante Yulnerum sanitate recepta. Sanctus Bernacus longius proficisceus ad locum juxta flumen Guemi vcnit, qui nunc ponsappellatur lapideus; ubi ponens mansionem, locum ilium a spiritibus immundis li- beravit, quem ipsi omni nocte oberrantes diris clamoribus liorrendisque replentes ululatibus usque ad ilium diem in- liabitabilem rcddidcrunt; sed quia divina Providentia liunc sibi locum diutius inhabitandum non destinaverat, longius ire cepit, et ad locum quendam venit super flumen Never, qui saltus veteris ecclesia; appellatur. Cumque locus iste viris in religiouc degentibus aptus videretur, accinxerunt se ipse ct sncii sui, et accipientcs secures et alia instrumenta, per totos trcs dies sccuerunt lignaque, secta et partim delata ad locum ubi volebant edificia poni detulerunt. Quarto die surgentcs ad opera nicliil honim quaecunque tribus diebus ante paraverant viderunt qua?rentcs, que quasi omnia a terra cssont absorpta, ncc vestigia quidem inveniunt; quibus ob banc visionem stupef'actis, Sanctus Bernacus inquit, Non est mirandum propter opera mirabilia Dei, licet miranda vide- antur cum ipse operet qui omnipotcns prsedicatur ; humili- enuis nos igitur sub potenti manu Dei, jejunemus, vigilemus, et oremus ut ipse omnium illustrator quid istiis portendum nol)is velit ostendere. Quod et factus est. Nocte igitur subsequenti, Bernaco percumbeuti in ora- tionc, apparuit angelus Domini, dicens, " Locus iste non est locus habitationis tua% sed perge super ripam fluminis, us(|ue ad rivum sanctorum qui cadit in flumen, ripamque illius rivi cüllis(iue quousque suom albam videas silvestrem VITA SANCTI BEKNACI. 9 cum albis porcellis, et ibi certam tibi poiia statiouem." Pro- grediens itaque Sanctus allocutione angelica exhilaratus, in- venit suem promissam cum porcellis iu loco quo, iu ejus nomine condita nunc excolitur ecclesia super ripam Camaii, qui antea profundus torrens, non propter ipsius profundita- tem, sed propter vallium ita vocabatur concavitatem. Unde devotas Deo persolvit gratias quia per angelum suum locum designare dignatus est, in quo absque permutatione jugem velit sibi ab eo praestari famulatum. Ignis accensus est, et totam fere noctem illam, ipse et socii sui orationibus vacan- tes insompnem duxerunt. Erat eo tempore dominus territorii illius quidam, Cleclire nomine, vir Justus, ac timens Deum qui prseceperat in die- bus suis; unum et senex cognominabalur ; liic vir mane consurgeus, vidensque fumum ab igne, quern vir Dei in pro- funda valle accenderat, surgentem dilatari et operire finiti- mas partes terras, spiritu Dei incitatus, convocat quos habebat xx filios, et dixit eis, Filii mei, auribus percipite quod advenit vir ille, quern diu nobis promissum novimus, cujus fania bonitatis super faciem terre dilatabitur, et altis- simis celebrabitur ; et sicut videtis fumum ejus diffusum expandi, ita potestas prelationis ejus et multo latins; eamus ergo et procidamus ante faciem ejus et subjiciamur ei, quod divine voluntati nullatenus contradicere, seu resistere de- bemus. Euntes itaque unanimiter venerunt ad virum Dei, et at genua ejus pervoluti, oraverunt ut sui misereretur. Sanctus Bernacus ut erat et jocundi sermonis, benedixit eis, et modesta voce quid velint inquirit; respondit senex, et dixit, Domine, multo tempore hujus territorii dominus extiti; sed quod Dei providentia liunc locum tibi novi des- tinatum, cedo Dei voluntati, cedo et tibi, verum hos filios meos tibi commendo, ut sub tutela paternitatis tue Deo nostro valeant adlierere. Suscepit eos gratanter regulari- busque instructos disciplinis laboris sui fideles habuit con- sortes. Pater vero senex valedicens, osculatusque omnibus secessit in partes Cornubie, ibidem Deo serviens beatam Domino reddidit animam. [j OF -HE \. UNIVCRSITY JQ VITA SANCTI BERNACI. Sanctus autoni Bernacus diviui fomulatus executor de- votus existens, corporea} aftectionis tantum studebat super- flua rcsecare; quantum aíFectabat divine voluntati gratus existere; continuis corpus jcjuniis macerabat, crebrisquc cxtciniebatvigiliis carnis insolentiam, vestium cohibebat as- jieritate gclidaque, quam subilat cotidie aqunc in frigidatione ; (juod ori, quod nianui, quod toti corpori subtrahebat in usus ])auperum convertcbat ; si quod poterat acquirere, eorum ejestati sublevando reservabat; orationibus incessanter in- stabat, nisi quando cibo corpus vel sonipno reficiebat. Ita Deo ])lacentein gerebat vitani, ut angeloruni visione, simul ct allocutionc crebro perfrui mereretur. Unum et mons ille in quo conveniebant, in cujus videlicet pede ecclesia fabri- cata est, nions angelorum appellatus est. In conspectu pojiulorum ita Doniinus sanctum suum nii- rificavit, at feras ad jussum ejus, ritu feriali deposito, man- suetas redderet. Itaque siquando vellet de domicilio ad doniicilium proficisci, advocabat de grege duos cervos quos volebat ad trahendum currum, in quo supellex deferendo reponebatur; soluti autem a jugo ad solita remeabant pas- cua, vaccam quoque quam quasi unicam ac singularem ad opus suum al) aliis segregaverat, tum propter corporis am- plitudineni, quia ceteris major erat, tum propter lactis ha- bundiuitiam, lupi deputavit custodie; qui more benesensati ]iast(jris vaccam, mane agcbat ad pascua sero autem ad doinum reducebat incolumem. Contigit quidem eo tem- pore ut rex Cambric, INIailgonus iter faceret non longe a cella Sancti, misitque ad eum precipiens ut sibi cenam jia- raret. Sanctus vcro volens se et suos necnon et loca sua ex onini actione liberare, asseruit se regi nullam debere cenam, nee injusto ejus precepto in aliquo velle parere. Qui missi fuerant ad dominum redierunt dicentes virum, ad quem mi- serat, nullam sibi velle parare cenam. Rex ut erat facilis a mentis trauiiuiliitatc moveri, propinorque, ad nocendum t|uam ad subvcniendum promptior dinoscebatur, nichil pietati, nichil sanctitati, nichil modestie deferens, misit sa- tellites qui vaccam Sancti adducercut, et exinde sibi cibaria VITA SANCTI BERNACI. 11 pararont. Procul dubio nee aliis parceret, sed in remotis inorabantur pascuis, minasqne minis adjiciebat ferociter quod in crastino Sanctum a regno suo proscriberet, locaque sua solatenus penitus destrueret. Concurrunt ministri ini- quitatis, et vaccam celeriter adducunt ; illi se predam accin- gunt dapibusque futuris, tergora diripiunt costis, et viscera nudant, pars in frustra secant, et super ignem in caldario lo- cant, igni ligna ministrant, et ex omni parte inflantibus buccis sufflare festinant. Gustos vacce lupus interim currit ad dominum suum, tristisque ac gemens jacet ad terram pros- tratus, quasi veniam postulaturus. AfFuit qui diceret a ministris regis vaccam fuisse raptam, et secta frustratim ad coquendam positam. Sanctus vero coram Deo suo querimoniam deponens, to- tam causam divino commisit arbitrio vinticandam. Rex et familia fame cruciantur, sed nee adhuc spes ulla refectionis datur, aqua namque in qua caro coquenda jacebat, ita sicut quando infundebatur frigida permanebat, nee magis igne in- comparabili supposito ad bullicionem movebatur quam si glaciei congeries non modica dempto igne supponeretur. Sensit rex, senserunt sui Dei virtutem Sanctumque carum sibi esse, audierant autem operari; timoreque veliementi percussi sunt, statimque fastu regali deposito humiliatus, omnesque sui pariter contriti corde nudis pedibus ince- dentes, ad Sanctum venerunt, omnibusque ad pedes ejus in terra pervolutis, Rex suorum advocatus pro se, suosque iu ipsum peccasse confessus ijromittens se iterum non factu- rum talia, humili prece, et sincera devotione postulavit ut sui misertus omnipotentem se suisque complicibus exoravit. Sanctus quidem Bernacus omni felle carens Dominum suum exoravit, suscipiensque dexteram regem erexit; et sperande pietatis altissimi fiduciam indulsit; vaccam vero in conspectu omnium pristine statui restituit, lupoque iter- um custodiendam commisit. Post hec regem ut deveru a consequenda securiorum efficeret, rogavit ut secum pernoctaret, et quod paulo ante fronte obstinata negaverat, hoc nunc largiflua caritate et 12 VITA SANCTI BERNACI. iiiciito iK'iietioa gratuito optulit. Rex gratias egit, reniaiisit; quill faciat, (lui nicliil ant modicum habet in pemmi quod a|>])()nat discumbentibus nisi sperare in Deo ut ipse faciat, (|ui iiliis Israel csurientibus cibaria misit in habundantia, ])luitque illis manna ad manducandum. Accessit ergo ad (|uercum que prope stabat, et per foliis dependentes triti- ceos decerpsit panes quotquot habet necessarios. Unde et quercus panis duni stabit vocabitur. Accessit ad torrentem C'anian, (piippe pro]ie fluebat, pro aqua hausit vinum ad afflucntiam, pro lapidibus de eodem torrente pisces extraxit ad saturitatem. Venit ad regem, et at sues, fecitque eos discumberc, et escas cis apposuit habunde ; manducaverunt ct saturati sunt satis, nee sunt fraudati a desiderio suo ; post cenam hora instante accumbuerunt, dormitaverunt omnes et usque mane dormierunt suaviter. Rex mane consurgens suos evigilavit, et secundum hos- picii legem, gratias solvens sancto Bernaco dixit, Quia gratuitam bcncticientiam tuam accepi ego munificentiam meam tibi gratis largiri non dedignor; in nomine Dei, et Domini nostri Jesu Christi te, et locum tuum totumque territorium ad locum tuum pertinens, nee non omnes in eo commanentcs, ab omni regia exactione in perpetuum libero, insupcr terram Thclycb monacbi ditioni tue liberam assigno; qui ergo contra banc donationem meam de cetero venire pcrsuascrit, Dei maledictionem omniumque fidelium Christi, ct meam celeritcr incun-at; munus regis sanctus Dei gra- tanter suscipiens, gratias egit, ipsique sequentibus suis mentc devota benedixit. Deinde consolantes se mutuo, divisi sunt ab alterutro. Quot et quantis Sanctus iste eíFulserit mira- culis, dum maneret in corpore, difficile quisquam posset ex- plicare. Placuit demum Altissimo de hoc incepto, et insta- bili habitaculo sanctum suum eripere, et in celestia gloria in- ter Santos et electos suos feliciter collocare. Transiit autem de hoc mundo vii die Aprilis, jacetque corpus ejus subtus muruiu ecclesic sue orientalem reconditum. Gratulatur sanc- tus Dei liernacus in celis, operanturque mirabilia magna fre- quenter in tcrris, prestante Domino nostro Jesu Christo. II. /í^tor bonnhedic a oed gyiit ym Powys, yn y lie a elwir ^-^ Banlienic, ger llaw auon a elwit yn yr amser hwnnw Sa- brina, yn yr amser liwmi y gelwir liitLeu Hafren; ac enw y gwr boniiheclic hwnnw oed Bugi, ae wreic a elwit Bereii, verch Lawdden; djaiyon gwirion oedynt, a da oed eu bu- clied, a gorchymynneu Diiw a wneynt o bop íFordd or y gellynt, lieb eniwed or byd a ellir y dodi yn y herbyii; ac iiyd oedd udunt etivedd o vab, a dynyoii oedauc oedynt, vel na byddei blant udunt vyth, canys y ran vwyaf o eu liamser a dreulassant, a chyt gysgu yi- oedynt yr ys deudeng mlynedd heb achaws cnawdol y ryngthunt. a liynny oed o liundeb eill deu. 01 dydgwaith, fal yr oedd}Tit yn ymdi- ddan, bwynt a welynt angel yn dyuod attunt ae wise yn gyn wynnet a'r eiry, ac a ddywedut wrthynt, "Byddwch lawen a liyfryt cauys gwarandewis Duw ych gwedi." Ac yna dy- waut yr angel wrtli y gwr. "Byt heno," heb ef, "gydym- deithas gnawdol rhyngot a'th wraig, a hi a geiíf beichiogi, ac o'r beichiogi hwnnw, ef a enir mab i di ; a hwnnw a fydd anrhydeddus herAvydd Duw a dyn." Ac val y gorchymyn- naed yr angel udunt, hwynt a gnaethant; a beichiogi a gafas Beren y nos honno, ac o'r beichiogi hynny, ef a anet mab iddi, ac ar y mab hynny y dodet yn eiiw Beuno. A meithryn y mab a wnaethant, yn y un amser y rodi wrth leen. Ac yna yr anfonet ef hyt at Sant a oedd yn ghaer Went ; enw y sant oedd Tangusuis, ae rieni ae rhodd- 1 Allan o Ysgrif yn Llyfrgell larll Macclesfield, wedi ei chydmaru àg Ysgrif yn Llyfr- gell Coleg yr lesu, Rhydychen. 14 HUCHEDD BEUNO SANT. assant. attaii, a liynii)- o gytundeb. Ac chyt a'r sant Inviinw y bu cf (Irwy gaiihorthwy Duw yn ddysgu yii y wyddiad yr holl vsgrytliyr Ian. O dyna y dysgawd ef wasanaeth, a rhe- olau yr Eghvys, ac a kymeroedd urddeu, ac y bu oifeiriat. Ac yiia argamiu ef Ynyr Gwent, brenhin oed hwnnw yn y vann honno, yn yfudd ac yn ddiweir ac jn bael, ac yn gwnoutlun- gorcliymmynion Duw ym mhob beth ; ae der- l)ynniad yn anrhydcddus aoruc, ac yn garedic, a rodi iddaw modrwy cur, a choron, ac ymrodi ebun jn disgybl, ac yn vynacli i Veuno Sant ; a rodi iddo teir ranndir yn Euas, a'r bobyl oil a oedd ar y rbandiroedd bynny, ae boll da byt. Ac yn yr aniser Invnnw y clefychawd tad Beiuio o bcint annobcith, ac anvon kennatau at Beuno y vab aoruc, ac (Tclii iddaw dyvod wTtli y uenndit, ae diwed; ac yno dy- wawd Beuno WTtb ei getymdeitbion ac ddysg)'blon, "Arboet tri," licb ef, "ynia o bonawcb," beb ef, "yn y dinas bwnn, a niynbcu a af i cdrycli fyn Tat y sydd yn wannglaf." Ac folly y gwnaetbant Invy^ A Beuno sant ai gorcbymniynawd bwynt yr brenbin, ac yr wyr da y wlat, ac yntau a aetb rbagddau liyd y lie yd oed ei Tat yn glaf. Ai Tat gwedi caffael kym- mun a cbyifes, ac a ddiwedd perfeitb, a vu varw. Gwedi liynny Beuno a drigawdd ar tref y tat, ac yua y adeilawd ef eglwys yno, ac ac cyssegrwyd yn enw yr arglwydd Grist, ac a ])lannawd vessen yn ystlys bedd y Dad, a bonno a dyfawd yno yn dderwen, dirvawr y bu o faint ac ucbder a pbrasder, ac ar vrig y ])rcnn bwnnw cf a wrthtyfawd kaingc byt y llawr, ac o'r llawr dracbefyn yn gyvyucb a'r brig y prcnn, a tbrigiaw clin yr geinc ar y llawr, ac velly y mae yn y stat; ac od y Sais rbwng yr clin bono a bou y prenu, yn dienuod a a byd niarw ; ac os Kymro a af yno, ni bydd benyd gwaetb. Ac wedi trigyaw Beuno yno ar daljTii o amser, y gadcMÌs tref a Tat, ac a kcrdawd racdau byt att Vaun, vab Brocliwel, a bwuuM- ai berbynniawd ef yn garedic, ac yuu vonedigeid, o aclios y gyvcilliacb, ae baclioni, ae y fylldawd yn y gor- cliyniyinieu Duw. Ac yiia y rboddes Maun dros y eneit ef, ac eneit y Dat Aberriw i Duw a Beuno. A dydgweitb val yr oed Beuno yn gorymdeitb geyr Haw auon Hafren, BUCHEDD BEUNO SANT. 15 yiigliylcli ryt, nachaf y cluuet or tu arall yr auoii lief Seis yu annoc i gwn y liely ysgavarnog, sef y dywedei y Seis o hyd y beiin, " Cergia," sef oed liynny yn y ieith ef annoc y gwn; a plian gigleu Veuno lief y Sais, ymclioelut yn dian- noc acme dracliefn, a dyuot att y discyblon, a dywedyt wrthynt, " Gwisgvvch am danoeli eich dillad vy meibion i, acli archennat, ac adawn y lie hwnn, kenedyl y gwr angliy- fyeith a Haith, a gigleufi y lef tn draw yr auon yn annoc y gwn ar ysgyfarnoc a oresgynnant y He hwn, ac a fyd eidynt, ac ae kynnheliant dan en nieddiant." Ac yna y dy wat Beuno wrth un o'e dysgyblon, Bithyliut oed y enw, "Fy mab," lieb ef, " byd ufydd y mi, vi a fynnaf trigiaw o lionot ti yma ; am bendith i gyd a thi, ac adaw gennyt a wnaf croes a wnaethnm i." A rliwmwyt bendith Athro aoruc y dysgybyl liwnnw, a thrigaw yno. Beuno a deutli ef ac disgyblon liyt yn IMeivot, ac yno y trigawd ef gyt a Thyssiliaw dcu- gein nieu a deugein nos. Ac odyna ef o deuth att Kynan vrenhin, vab Brochuel, ac a ercliis le i weddiaw dros y eneit ai gyfeilloun. Ac yna y rodes y brenhin le idaw Gwydelweriin, y lie a gafas y enw y gann yr Yscott, A gyuodes Beuno o varu yno, ai wreic a vuassei achosaul y angeu ef. Ac yno gwnaeth Beuno eglwys hyt yr amser y doeth nyeint Cynan o hely at Beuno y erclii buyd idaw, gan drigiaw yno yn wastat. Ac yna yd erclds Beuno y weisson kyrclii ycli ieuangc yr mynyd, ae lad, ac arluwy buyt yr gwyr a oedd yn y erclii idaw, a liynny aorue y gvveisson, ar kic a rodet ar y tan y mywn crochan y berui y trydedd awr o'r dydd, a liyt brytnliawn y bu ar y tan; ar gwyr heb oriFwys yn kynneu y tan dan y crochann a plirytnhawn ny tliuymassei y dyfyr etto, ac nyt amliuassei y kic, Ac yna y dywaut uu o'r lleygyon yr ysgol- heic, " Hwnn, eb ef, o'e gelfyddyt yssyd yngneuthur bynn val na chaifoni ni dim i vwyta;" a phan gigleu Veuno yr ym- adrodd oe benn, rodi y emeltitli arnaw aoruc Beuno; a marw fy ynteu kyn diwed y dydd. Yno ymchoelawd liyt att veibion Selyf, a dywedut vvrthunt, " Y petli a rodes ych teit chwi y Duw yn ryd, a vyimwcli chwitheu y rodi mal 16 BUCIIEDD BEUNO SANT. ardretli a dieitliiwet ariiaw, os rhodho Duw i mi, ac os gwnel vrof y g^vr yr wyfi yn gwasanaethu itiaw, na medo ych etifed chwi byth arnaw ef, ach distryw chwitheu o'r teyrnas hoiin, a teyrnas racllaw;" ac yna val yr erchis Beuno yn y wedi, y kavas. Odyna y gedcwis Beuno y lie hwnnw, ac y kerdawd hyt vgtjlan Dvfrdwy avon, y geissyaw lie y vediaw Duw, ac nys cavas, ac yna y daeth hyt att Temic vab Eliud, a'r Temic hwninv a rodes y Veuno yn dragwyddawl, ac yn diosgryu tref ; ac yno yr adeiliaud Beuno eglwys, ac y kyssegrwyd y Duw. Temic kynn pen hayach o amser aedewis y lie di- ffeith hwimw y Veuno sant. A dydgwaitli y daeth Temic a'i MTeic yr eglwys i Avaraudaw ofFeren a phregeth y gami Veuno; ac adaw gartref y verch yn gwarchadaw; a morwyn teckaf yn y byd oedd honno, ac ni rodessit hi y Avr etto. Ac val ydoed hi chun yn gwarchadw nachaf y gwelei hi y brenhiii, a oed ar y lie hwnnw, yn dyfod ym mywn attei, a Charadawc oedd y enw ; sef a wnaeth hitheu kyfodi yn y erb)-nn, a bot yn llawen wrthaw. Sef aoruc y breuhin go\yn idi. " Pa le yr arhoer y that," " Ef a aeth" heb hi, "yr eglwys, or byt yt neges a vo at evo, arc ef, ac efo a daw yr awr honn." "Nac arhoaf," heb yntau " ony bydy ordderch dithcu y mi." Ileb y forwyn, "Ni uedaf i yn ordderch ytt ti, kanys brcnhin vryt ti, ac o vrenhined y kanwyt, a minheu nyd kywch vvggwaet, ac agwedwyf yn ordderch yt; eissoes" heb hi, " aro di yma hyd yn y dehvyfi on i sambyr, a mi a wnaf a Ainmych ;" ac yn rith mynet y sambyr, ffo aoruc hi a chyrchu tu ar eglwys yr arhoet y that ae mam idi, a'r breu- hin ae harganvu hi yn ffo, ae hymlit aoruc, ac a hi yn kaffel drws yr eglwys, ygordiwcs aoruc ynteu, ac ae gledyf taro y phenn, yn y vu yn yr eglwys, a'r corff o maes o honei. Beuno ae that ae mam a arganvuant hynny, a Beuno a dy- waut wrth y brenhin, gan edrych yn y wyneb, "]\Ii a archaf i Duw," hob ef, "nat arbetto ef didi, ac nath barcho mwy noc perchaist titheu y forwyn da honn." Ac yn yr awr honno y rodes y brcnhin yn llyn tarwd, ac ni welat mwy no hynny yn y Ijyd liwnn. Yua y kymmerth Beuno pen y vorwyn, ac y BUCHEDD BEUNO SANT. 17 dodes with y corff, a thanni y mantell eliim ar liyt y corff, a dywedut wrth y that ae mam a oeddynt uch y phenu yn y chwynaw. "Teuch origin, a gedwch hi val yn y mae yn y darffo yr ofFerenn." A Beuno yna a aberthawd y Duw, a phan darvu yr offeren, y vorvvyn a gyvodes yn hoU iach ; sychawd y chwys y an y hwyneb, ac a g}Tnmerth Duw hi a Beuno yn hoU iach. Ac yn y lie y syrthawd gwaet ar y dayar, y kyvodes ffynnawn od yno; ar ffynnawn honno hyd hediw yssyd yno yn rodi y iechyd y dynyon, ac anyveil- leit oe eu heinyeu ae clwyfeu ; a'r ffynnawn honno a enwit o enu yr vorwyn, ac el wit ffynnawn Wennvrewy; a llawer a welsant hynny, ac a gredassant y Grist, ac un o'r rei a gredawd yna vu Gatuan brenhin Gwynedd; a hwnnw a rodes y Veuno lawer o dir, a dayar. A gwedy marw Katuan yd aeth Beuno y ymwelet a Chat- wallawn, vab Katuan, a oed brenhin gwedy Katuan, o erchi aoruc Beuno tir y Katuan, kan nyt oed idaw yn y kyvamser hwnnw le i wediaw Duw. nac i breswyliaw yndaw. Ac yna y brenhin o rodes y Beuno le yn Aruon a elwir Gwared- auc; a Beuno a rodes yr brenhin guaell eur, a rodassei Cynan vab Brochuel idaw yntau, pan vuassei varw; a'r waell honno a delei trugein muM'ch. Ac yno yi* adeilawd Beuno eglwys ac a dechrcuawd adeiliat mur yn y kylch ; ac val yd oed ef ar y ddyddgweith yn gwneithur y mur hwnnw, ae disgyblon y gyt ac ef, nachaf y gwelynt yn dyuot attunt gwreic a mab newid eni yn y harffet, ac yn erchi y Veuno vendigaw y mab; heb y Beuno, "Ha wreic, aro origin yny orffennom hynn ;" a'r mab yn wylo, ual nat oed hand y diodef. " Ha wreic," heb y Beuno ffest, "o beth yd wyl y mab." "A ur da sant," heb y wreic, "y mae achaws idaw i hynny." "Ha wreic da," heb y Beuno, "pa achaws yu hunnu." "Dyoer," heb y wreic, "y tir yd wyt ti yn y veddyannu, ac yn adeiliaw arnaw yw tref y tat y mab;" Yna y dywaut Beuno wrth y disgyblon '-Tynnwch ych dwylaw," heb ef, "wrth y gwaith tra bedydyuyf y mab; a pharatowch yn vy ngherbyt, ni a awn y gyt ar wreic hon ai mab y ymweled a'r brenhin, y gwr a rodes y mi y tref tat ef." 18 lU'CIIEDD BEUNO SANT. Ac }-na kycliyiinawd Bcuno ae disgyblionn y gyt ar wreic a'r mab, ac a doethant hyt yn Gliaerseint, yr He jt oed y brenliiu, yr awr lionn y gehvir y lie hwnnw Kaer- yiiarvon. Ac yna dywad Beuno wrtli y brenhin, "Pa ham," eb ef "y rodeis ti y mi tref neb na dylyt?" " Pa hacbos," heb y brenhin, "py le y mae y neb ae dyly ef." "Y mab," Leb y Bcuno, "yssyd yn arftet y wreic racco a dyly y tir ac yssyd etiued arnau." "Dyro di," heb y Beuno, "yr mab y tir, a dyro y niynhau tir arall am hynny ; neu dyro ym y rod a rodeis i y ti, sef yw honno y waell aryant." Sef atteb a rodes y brenhin trahaus balch y Veuno. "Ni newidaf i," heb ef, "a thidi un tir, y rod a rodeis ti y mi, minheu ae roes- sim i hi y arall." Sef aoruc Beuno llidiaw a dywedut y brenhin, "Mi a arehaf," heb ef, "y Duw na bo hir y medych ti ar tir a dayar," a mynet ymeith aoruc Beuno ac adaw yntcu yn cmelltigcdic. Kevenderw oed y Brenhin a ehvit Gwideuit, a hwnnw a gerdawd yn ol Beuno, ac a gordi- wedawd y tu arall yr avon a elwir Seint, lie yr oed Beuno yn eisted ar vaen yn glan yr avon, a hynny a rodes dros y y cneit ehun, ac eneit Idwallon y gevenderw i Duw a Beuno y dref ehun a elwit Kelynnawc yn dragywyddawl, heb val, a heb ardreth, a heb vedyant y dyn o'r byt, na bawl arnci; ac yno y gnaeth Beuno lawer o wyrtheu drwy nerth Duw, y rei ny allei dyn or byt hwnn eu rifaAv. Ac yn yr amser hwnuw ef a damweinawd mynet un o weithwyr AbcrlFraw hyt yn Uys Ynyr Gwent ; ac o'r byt nyt oed was ieuaiigc degach no hwnnw ; a phan welas merch Ynyr Gwent y gwas ieuangc hwnuw, hyt ae minwd hyt na mynheu hi vot hcbdaw ef. Ar brenhin a adnabu hynny yn y lie ac ae gwybu, ac a dewissawd rodi gwas hwnnw y vcrch yn briawt, rac y gymryt yr o honei hi euo o aruer arall; dicu oed gantaw rac tecket y gwas ae advynnet y vot yn vab y vrcnhin ac yn dylycdawc. Ac gwedi talym o am- ser, ef a ynihoelawd y gwas ieuangc hwnnw, ae wreic y gyt ac ef, tu ac whitt; ac a doethant hyt y lie a elwir Pennard yn Aruon; ac yna disgynnassant y ar eu meirch, a gorffwyi> a wuaethaut yno, ac o tra blinder, a lludcr kyscu, a syrthu- BUCHEDD BEUNO SANT. 19 uwd a'r unbennes; sef a wnaeth ynteu a'r unbennes yii kyscu yii y vedwl kewilydiaw yn ormod y vot yn mynet y tu ae wlat, a gwreic kymoned a hoiino y gyt ac ef, ac iiat oed le ygyrchu a hi ; onyt bot yn reit idaw mynet dracheven yr gweitli lie y buassei gynt yn ennill y vyt yndaw. Ac odyiia o annoc kythreul, ae glcdyf, a hi yn y chwsc, Had y phen ; ac yna kerdet aoruc ef racdaw tu ae wlad a'r meirch da, a'r eur, a'r aryant gantaw hyt at y brenhin. Ac or di hwnnw prynu ygann y brenhin meddyant, aswyd, nyt amgen bot yn distein idaw. Sef aoruc begelyd Beuno arganuot y corfF, ag yn ebrwyd diguot y vencgi y Veuno hynny. Sef a wnaeth Beuno jna dyuot yn di lesc y gyt a wynt hyt y lie yr oed y corfF. Ac yn y lie kymryt y penn ae wasgu wrth y corff, a syrtliaw ar dal y glinyeu ; a gwediaw Duw val liynn " Arglwydd, creawdyr nef a dayar y gwr nyt oes dim anwybot idaw, kyuot ti y corph hynn yn iach." Ac yn y lie kyuodi aoruc y vorwyn yvynu yn holl yach; a menegi i Beuno y holl damwein. Ac yna ydywat Beuno wrthi hi, "Dewes ti," heb ef, "ai mynet tu ath wlat, ai trigyaw ymayn gwasanaethu Duw." Heb y forwyn da a addwyn, "Yma, heb hi, y mynnaf i trigyaw ger dy law di ynn gwassanaethu Duw, y gwr am kyuodes i yn vyw o varw." Ac yn y lie y syrthawd y gwaet ar llawr, yr amddangosses ffynawn loew, ac o enw y vorwyn y kauas y ffynnawn y henw, nyt amgen Ffynnawn Digwc. Ac wedy talym o amser deuth brawt yr unbennes, Idon, vab Ynyr Gwent, hyt at Veuno y amouyn cliwaer. A phan deuth ef yno, yr oed y vorwyn y gyt a Beuno yn gwassa- naethu Duw; a gouyn aoruc ef y chwaer, a doei hi y gyt ac ef, oe wlat. Ac yna y dywat hi, na mynhei hi vynet, na gadaw y lie y kyuodyssit hi o veirw. A gwedy gwelet Idon na thyckyei idaw, yr oed arnaw eruynnyeit aoruc ef y Veuno diguot y gyt ac ef hyt yn Aberffraw y eruynneit yr brenhin kymell idaw y meirch, a'r eur, a'r aryant, a dugassei y gwr y gan y chwaer. Ac yna y kerdassant wy eill deu hyt yn llys y brenhin, ac Idon a arganuu y gwr yr oed yn y geissaw. Ac yn y lie, tynnu cledyf a dwyn ruthr idaw, a 20 ni'CIIEDD BEUNO SANT. Had y btMin ; scf aoruc y brenhin yna llidiaw, ac orchi dala y gwr a lladassei y gelein. Ac yna dywat Boiino, "Na "dodwcb," heb ef, "ych law ar y gwr a deuth y gyt a miui." Yna ystynnawd y brenhin trwy y lit ymdeitli, ac y tyng- liawd y parei ef diuetha y gwr yn diannot onny wnelei Veuno y gwr a iadyssit yn vyw. Sef a wnaetli Beuno yna yndiargyssMT gann ymdiret yn Duw, kyuodi yn vyM' y gwr a ladvssit. Sef aoruc y brenhin a diuarhey rybroui o honaw V Sant, a rodi yna y Veuno y plas, yn yr hwn y mac, a olwit Beuno. Llawer o bethau ereill a beidyassam ni, ac Avynt a adaws- som heb ydywedut rac barunu y llythyr hwn yn angkryno. Ychydic yw hyn o wyrthau Beuno. Ac ny w\t neb dyn a wnaeth Duw yr Beuno ony Duw ehun. A phwy bynnac hysbys yw a wnel da, Duw a vyd kannhorthywr idaw; kybyl a orchymynneu Duw, a wueeu Beuno; bwyt a diawt a rodci yr neb a welei newjTi a sychet arnaw; dillat y noctli, Hetty y bcllynnic, gofuwyaw cleifyon, a carcharoryon a wnaey pob ryw da, or a orchymynnei yr Scrythur Lan y wneuthur a gwmplaei. Ac val yr oed hoedyl Beuno yn daruot, ae dyd yn dyuot, y seithved dyd gwedy Pasc, ef a welei y nef yn agoret ac eng)-lyonn yn gogostwng, ac yn dyrchavel y vyned draclie- ven. Ac yna y dywct Beuno, " Mi a welaf," heb ef, "y Trin- dawt, y Tad, a'r jNIab, a r Yspryt Glan, a Pheder, a Phawl, a Diudevirion, a Deynoel, a'r Seint, a'r Prophwydi, a'r Kbystyl, a'r Älerthyri yn ymdangos ym. A mi a welaf ymplith hynny seith angel yn seuyll ger bronn kadeir ygor- uchel Dat; a holl dadcu nef, ar kannyadau yn dywedyd 'Gwynvidedic yw yr hynn a etholeisti ac a gymereist, ac a bresswyla y gyt yn dragywyddawl.' Mi a glywaf," heb ef, "lief cornn y goruchel Tat yn gwahaud, ac yn dywedut wrthyf, ' Vy mab i, bwrw di oreilyt dy gnawt y wrthyt, llyma }t am- scr yn dyuot, ac yr ydys yth wahawd i gymryt y wled ni fleniyd y gyt ath vrodyr, trigyet ynteu dy gorff di yn y dayar, dy eneit titliau bydinoed nef a'r engylion ae harwed y teyrn.is nef, yr hynn a heideist ti yma drwy di weithred- BUCHEDD BEUNO SANT. 21 oed; yr awr lionn mae vyd dydbrawst, pann dywetto yr Arglwydd wrtli y seint, 'Meibion bendigedic vyn Tat i, dewch chwi y veddu y deyrnas a baratoet ycli yn dechreu byt,' lie byd buched heb anglieu, a ieuengtit heb heneint, a iecliyt heb dolur, a llewenydd heb tristit; y seint yn y vid uchaf y gyt a Duw Dat yn vnolyaeth a'r angylion . a'r arcli- engylion, yn vnolyaeth y Tat, a'r Mab, a'r Yspryt Glan. Amen." Archon nynlieu trugared Duw holl gjiioethaue, drwy gannhorthwy Beuno Sant, val y gallom nynheu gaíFel, y gyt ac euo, buchedd tragywyd ynn yr oes oesoedd. Amen. Llyma Ach Beuno. Beuno vab Bugi, vab Gwnlliw, vab Tcgit, vab Kadell Drynlluc, vab Gortegyrun, vab Gorthevyn, vab Gorth- geyrun, vab Rutegyrn, vab Deheuwynt, vab Eudegan, vab Eudegern, vab Elud, vab Endos, vab Endolcn, vab Avallad, vab Amalech, vab Belim, vab Anna, honno ocd gefnnitherw y Veir wyry, mam Grist. III. llitn Innrti Cniiori INCIPIT PREPATIO IN VITA BEATISSIMI CADOCI QUOQUE SOPHIE, EPISCOPI ET MARTYRIS BENEVENTANE CXVITATIS. /iSUOlWilin in quibusdam finibus Britannice regionis, que ^L^ Denictia vocatur, quidam regulus nomine Gluigius reg- nabat, a quo tota ipsius regionis monarchia omnibus diebus vitai SUÍC Gleuguissig nuncupatur, qui decem liberos proge- nissc fcrtur. Cujus primogenitus Gunleius vocabatur; a cujus etiam nomine post patris obi turn ipsa quam rexit pa- tria Gundliauc usque in presentem diem vocatur. Cujus gcrmani, ut iugenui et bone indolis fratres, natalicio more, pacifice, diligenterque patrium regnum inter se, secundum corundem numerum unicuique suam provinciam, diviserunt, cxcepto sohmi (juarto Petroco, qui transitoriam pro perpe- tiia sprcvit horeditatcm. Quorum nomina, cum provinciis sil)i adjacentibus, hec sunt; Primogenitus quippe Gundleius primariam rcgni geuitoris sui sedem, videlicet Gundliauc sortitur; Etelic autem obtinuit Etelichion; Poul, Penni- clicn; Seru, Seruguumd; Gurai, Gurinid; Mar, Margan ; Cettil,Chettgueli; Cornouguil, Cornoguatlan ; Metel, Cruc- nu'til. Pctrocus autem, unus ex eis, partem cum illis iion acccpit, qui quidem Imjus seculi vanitates momentaneasque rcsiiueiis illccobras penitus sanctorum exemplo patmm, mundaiia pro cclestibus vilipendcre, Deo firmitcr cepit ad- hcrerc, patriam, gcrmanos, cuncta quoquc mundana dcmum 'Kx. MS. Cit existere, et ad sempitcrnas vitaj patriam totis viribus aiilielare moribus egregiis, puericiam superans nulli ani- mum voluptati contulit. Nam illud Evangeliste de puero losu, ex isto otiam ipsius famulo indigne dici crederer. "Puer crcscoljat ot oomfortabatur, et Spiritus Dei orat cum illo." ' Kcgonoraloria, scrll.ilnr nimsi emendatio. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 29 4. De animadvcrsatione rustici puero Cadoco igncm dare nolentis. Quodam quippe die foco eorum extincto supradictus pres- biter auditori suo caduco precepit ignem ad coquendamoscam deferre. lUe nimirum preceptoris sui mandate obtemperans extemplo ad trituratorium sive segetis excussorium, in quo mauebat quidam doctoris ejus servus, nomine Tidum, in ilia liora avenam siccans perexit, obnixius flagitans quo sibi ignem ad magistri opus tribueret. Ast stolidus rusticus ille petition- em ipsius respuenSjilli se daturum renuit, ne carbones in birro suo ardentes deportaret. Ipse autem in Domino confidens, carbones ignis in clamide suo suscipiens, ad eruditorem suum inusta veste attulit. Sed non est reticendum quod ille rus- ticus dignam obstinationis sua; animadversionem velocius presensit. Nam puer revertendo in rusticum respexit, erec- tis in celum luminibus Dominum precabatur, diccns, "Queso te Deum Patrem omnipotentem cell et terre conditorem, qui servis tuis calcandi scorpiones, extinguendi venena, de- mones fugandi, cecos illuminandi, leprosos muudandi, infir- mos sanandi, feroces domandi, peccatores atque impios sub- jugandi, in terram potestatem contulisti, auribus percipe preces meas, quatinus iste rusticus suorum foraento titionum cum trituratorio et farre suo pariter concremetur, suumque trituratorium sit maledictum a Deo, ita ut nullus alius post ipsius obitum illo utetur in evum, suaque soboles aliis gentibus sit subjecta. Non ideo, Domine, his obsccration- ibus bonitati tuas supplicavi, quo prescriptum peccatorem optarem in suo flagitio condempnari, cum Dominus dicat, 'Nolo mortem peccatoris, sed magis ut convertatur, et vivat;' Et Paulus, ' Non reddentes malum pro malo, nee maledictum pro maledicto, sed e converse, benedicentes.' Verum uti virtus divina et potestas in hoc mundo esset scelerosis ma- uifesta, teque magis paverent, tibi quoque ministrantibus resistere abhorrarunt, quemadmodum in Daniele legitur, Pa- veant omnes habitantes terram Deum Daiiielis, quia ipse est liberator et salvator, faciens mirabilia in celo et in terra." Finita supplicatione, scqiic retro prospiciente, ecce triturate- 30 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. riiim ab ipso aiiatcmatizatum cum etolido villaiio siiponus (leclarato succensum prorsus exuritur. In illo etiam loco in quo trituratorium seu excussoiium illutl situm erat, post illius adustationem fous horribilis in memoria liujus divine vindicte emanavit, qui pullum paludem ibidem efficiens liactenus in menioriam illius rei permanet. Docilis autem puer Cadocus, quamtotius regrediens car- bones ignis ab inusto birro, sub oculis sui preceptoris pro- jecit. His ut dictum est perpetratis, ait ei senior, "Karissinie discipule, serve Dei electe, mihi diutius docere non licet." His acocptis bone indolis adolescens verens ne doctoris ipsius indignationem forte quopiam commisso promeruisset, cum gemitu suspirans, inquid, "Ut quid mihi preirasceris, ac furor tuus super me velut ignis succenditur: Nunquam inobediens usque tibi verbo vel opere fui, an accusator, et susurro inter fratres extiti?" Respondens autem Meuthius, ait, "Ncquaquam, sed utpote legitur in Evangelio de ccntn- rione, Christum quo suum curaret puerum flagitante, dixit illi, 'Domine, non sum dignus ut sub tecto meo mecum am- plius habites,' ac a me lectionem recipias, nam tua sapientia meam excedit scientiam ; et innocentia tua meam supere- minet prudentiam, meque modis omnibus sanctior extas; ifcirco cum divino presidio meaque benedictione angelis te ubique comitantibus, quocumqe decreveris prospere perges." Tunc sacer Meuthius cogitans de sacro supradicto igne ])ost Cadoci discessum, quem ille nullatenus ausus est uti, al)iit ut tanquam preciosum thesauruni in cimiterio defos- sum occuluit. Ab illo siquidem die, usque ad tempus Hiu- gucl regis, filii Ougueni regis Morganensium, universis fuit jiotus locus ille, ubi sacer ignis a Sancto Meuthio erat re- conditus; nee non omnibus advenientibus eo cum suis pe- coribus diversa clade perculsis, sanitatem divina miseratio conferre solcbat; donee quid malivolus Dei largitioni in salutifero igne hominibus coUatsc invidens, ne cujusquam inorbum curaret infeliciter locum ignemque denegando de- levit. Douide liactenus ignis locusque mansit incognitus nuUi hominuni saluteni tribuens. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 31 5. De discessione Cacloci ab ejus preceptore, et permis- sione tributa itentis cum porcella. Igitur Sanctus Cadocus a sepius memorato informatore suo mestus discedens, crebris gemitibus locum aptum ad Dei servicium diligenter quesivit, nee diu voto frustratus. Tan- dem ad quandam vallem spiuis tribulusque obsitani devenit; ibi nempe lassitudo paululum sub umbra pomifere arboris pausare coegerat; ast sues inpascentes illo conspecto per- teiTÌti, citato cursu, ad subulcum confugcrunt. At ubi porcos pavore conterritos intuitus est, repletus ira concitus surrexit suamque liastam arripiens quaquaversum in spilionis more quoque perscrutans, uti perciperet quis vel quid suos porcos terreret. Unde contingit eum supervenire ad lo- cum quo Sanctus Cadocus orabat penes prefata) arboris ra- dices, illumque intuitus fiirum esse autumans, quern librata sursum dextra mucrone lancece terebrare conatur; sed Deus ex alto nequitiam subulci pros|>ectans protensum lacertum ilico fecit obrigescere; ita ut nee ilium ad se retrahere, nee inantea extendere valuit, visumque utrumque luminum sta- tim amisit. Ita non dubie venerabilis Cadocus discrimen rabiemque furibundi subulci, nutu Dei laudabiliter evasit. Subulcus autem miserandis vocibus damans, pedibus ac leva solotenus palpans hoc suorum detrimento membrorum, cognovit Cadocum Dei faraulum esse quem nescius occidere volebat, illumque miserabiliter in hunc moJum aftatur, "Enixis vestram pietatem deposco precibus quatinus pro in- efîabili Dei misericordia me incorporeis arcatum divina ul- tione vinculis meos miseros artus solvas, ac mese cecitate lumen ablatum concedas." Ad hec Sanctus Cadocus, " Tibi sanitas a Deo concessa non est, annon quum ad dominum tuum, scilicet Poul Pennychen pervenias." At ille, " Animad- A^erte, fidelissime serve Dei, me geminis orbatum luminibus meumque miserabile corpus velut ferreis catenis connexum, quamobrem hinc uspiam migrare nequeo." Cui Cadocus in- quid, "Crede tantum quam Deo cuncta possibilia sunt in cegIo, et in terra." At ille respondit, "Credo domine." Rursusque 32 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. beatus vir ait ad cum, "Qui ceci nati oculos aperuit, et qua- triduanum Lazarum de monumento suscitavit, ipse tuos oculos apcriat, oniniumquc artuum tuorum in presentia do- niini tui, et ejusdem consessorum citissime medela largia- tur; tibimet eciam precijiio quatiniis cum que domino tuo qua; tibi per me a Deo sunt illata nunciaveris, receptoque luminum visu, eum mei vice salutes, et velocius ad me ve- uiat quo ejusdem aspectu pariter et affatu potiri merear attentibus postules; patruus enim mens est." His acceptis, cecus atque calamitosus extimplo smrexit de pollicita sibi per Dei misericordiam sospitate nichil hesitans, nutanti grcssu Dei ducatu ad portam atrii, quo dominus ejus habita- bat, quod Britannice Nant Poul vocitatur, inestimabiliter progreditur: cecaquc fronte fores pulsans, voce magna os- tiarios exdamat, et ingressum flebiliter exorat. Janitores etcnim ilium intuentes, ipsiusque calamitate compatientes, quomodo visum amiserit, aut unde tanta debilitas ei acci- dent, sollicite pcrcunctantur. Ills plane nil respondendo conticescens, in aula domini sui ingreditur, eique astans cuncta sibi que a Deo per Sanctum Cadocum fuerunt illata ab eo dicta luculenter insinuavit. Cui necdum verba fini- enti penitus, cecitate depnlsa pristinus visus redditur, ab oculis ejus velud squame piscis decidentes, arentique dextre gcnium rcjboris restituta est virtus. His auditu visuque pereeptis, premissus Poul veliemen- tcr admirans, mandatumque viri Dei gaudentur cum ex- ultatione suscipicus, arbitratus Sanctum Cadocum tempo- ralem gloriam regnumquc terrenum vellc Dei scrvitio pre- j)onero contiuuo, se preciosiori vestium cultu induit, cum duodccim electis militibus prescript! subulci ducatu ad vir- uni Dei letanter perrexit, euudemque sub mnbra predicte mali orantem repperit. At non modo verum ille, etiam cuucti commilitiones ejusdem, statim caballis ejus descen- dentes, pedibus beati Cadoci pervolviuitur, iiisumque talibus adoriuutur, "Nos de tuo felici adventu dignas Deo gratianmi actiones referinuis, plurimumque gavisuri ; si neglccto reli- gioiiis fultu, rogali sceptro, prout dignitatem tuam decet, VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 'à'à te donari promiseritis, quandoquidem principalis luijus regni heres es, tibique tocius regni jura corapetunt, omnesque tua3 dicioni subjeciemur." Quibus Sanctus Cadocus, "Divine re- ligionis cultiim pro fallacis mundi oblectatione nullatenus deseram, nee celestibus terrena preponam, neque sempiterna pro momentaneis spernam ; ceterum unius tugurii locus de tota terra tua michi sufRciet." Respondit ei subregulus, " Ar- bitratus sum te pregrandia xenia rogaturum, nunc vero minima flagitas, unde pro veri arbitrio locum eligens posside." Cui beatus vir ista exequitur, "Tedet me liujus solitudinis diversa loca lustrare, banc autem vallem ab humana non parum habitatione remotam pre omnibus ad inbabitandum, eligo hicque cum meis consodalibus clericis Deo devocius obsequcndum operis precium duco, secundum illud psalmo- grajihi, 'Ha3c requies mea in seculum seculi, bic liabitabo quum elegi eam.' " His hujuscemodi jtatratis, ac postulata mansione beato Cadoco sponte contributa, prememoratus subregulus repedavit ad propria. Venerabilis igitur vir sequentem cum clericis suis obse- crationibus ad Deum continuabat noctem, quatiuus locum sibimet constmendi iusinuaret, ac frutcctis avulsis in pla- num redigeret. Nam in ipsa valle nil aridi extitit, sed pur- ulenta palus, nicbil preter arundiuetum diverse reptilium et colubrorum genere refertum gignens, excepto unius rubi ambitu, subtus quem ingens aper nivei coloris sues anfrac- tus habebat; medio quoque ejusdem rubi vertice, cignus annuatim uidificare solebat. Ut autem venerandus beros orationem complesset, ecce Angelus Domini apparuit in sompnis, dicens ei, "Oratio tua a Domino exaudita est, er- go mane diliculo surgeus, locum edificandi oratorii comjjla- iiatum atque inundatum invenies; cumque ibidem deambu- laveris setosum grandevumque aprum candidum gressuum tuorum strepitu perten-itum exilire perspicies, ibique fun- damentum templi tui in nomine Sancte Trinitatis jacias; deinceps quippe quo aper denuo substiterit dormitorium instituas, indeque qua cursus sui stationem tertiam fecerit, refectorium tuum construas." Surerens autem mane Sanctus 34 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Cadocus, secundum angeli revelationem quoeque aspera atque duniosa Dei nutu solotenus in directum couspexit re- dacta. Vcnit itaque venerandus vir ex angelico jussu ad prefatum nibum mcdii vallis expiati ob cujus incessus son- itiim iiumanem singularem aprum exurgere, cignumque nivei colons timore uido depulsum avolare contemplatus est. Ajicr iiamquc liaut procul a prenotato spineto cursum sistit, et quasi locum designando SanCtmn Cadocum respiciens, pavilulum ulterius progreditur, iterum etiam paulisper cur- sum continuans subsistit. Beatus igitm- vir ternas apri sta- tiones trium virgularum affixione notavit; in prima deni- que statione insigne monasteriolum ex lignorum materie, iu secuuda rcfcctorium, in tercia demum dormitorium edi- ficavit. 6. Qualiter vir Dei primum monasterium construxit. Postquam autem hoc miraculum cunctis Occidentalium Brittonibus promulgatur, ex varus totius Brittania; oris quamplures clcrici ad Sanctum Cadocum adinstar fluminum solotenus avidius ccnfluxerunt, ut sapientiam actusque illius iniitari mercrentur, omnes enim qui Dei constantius obse- quiis insudabant, divinisque Scriptui'is operam dabant, ala- critcr semper suscipiebat. Deliinc cepit vir venerandus vastum accrvum de terra erigere, atque in eodeni pulcher- rinium ciniitcrium in honorem Dei dedicatum faccre, quo Kdelium corpora circa templi ambitum sepelirentur. Com- pleto denique acervo, necuou in eodem cimiterio confecto, quatuor immensas calles in transversum quatuor declivia niontium suam cellam ambientium ex aviis ]3er vias fecit, se- quendo corporaliter, ac spiritualiter evangelicam doctrinam, qux ait, "Paratc viam Domino, rectas facite semitas ejus." Similiter iste vir Dei non modo manibus corporaliter oper- ando prava indirecta et aspera in vias planas direxit, verum etiam nonnullorum corda diversis erroribus bispida ac per- versa in viam Domini rectam convertit. Item alium sibi locum elegit, et in illo alium tumulum in modum urbis rotuudum de limo terrae exagerari, ac iu tumulum erigi fecit. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 35 quod Brittonum idiomate Kastil Cadoci nuncupatur. Idem etenim nianuum suarum operibus par duxit Yitam transigere, metuens alterius labores otiose comedere, spe- rans aporiamine presentis sudoris, se transmigraturura ad gloriam perpetue quietis, secundum illud Psalmographi, " La- bores manuum tuarum qui manducab," et cetera. Et apos- tolus, " Unusquisque vestrum manibus suis operando laboret ut habeat unde tribuat necessitatem pacientibus," et rursum, "Nullus ex vobis panem ociosum comedat; et qui non la- borat, uec manducet." Iste quidem licet plurimorum agro- rum possessor extiterit, in uno tamen fertili jugere annonam serere consuevit, qui indigenarum lingua Eruguenn^ vocari. Notumque sit universis pii patris Cadoci vitam legentibus atque audientibus ipsum juger ob benedictionem et saucti- tatem viri Dei hoc venerabile vocabulum obtinuisse. 7. Quomodo Cadocus ad Iliberniam transfretavit. Contigit igitur quod in una dierum post multum tempo- ris intervallum, beatus Cadocus discipulos suos Imjusmodi aifatus est, dicens, "Fratres mei dilectissimi, jam flagranti desiderio ad Hiberniam discendi gratia, transfretare glisco." At illi respoudentes inquiunt, "Scimus quidem, benigne pre- ceptor, te que Dei sunt velle, tuamque ex Dei voluntate pcndere sententiam, quippe quodcunque ab eo poposeris e vestigio impetrabis; nichil enim pravi, neque perversi sentis, sed in divinis Scripturis jugiter meditari melius fore nos- cis; juxta illud proverbiorum Sapientis, 'Fili, a juventute tua excipe doctrinam, et ad canos invenies sa])ientiam, et erit tibi tanquam pater et mater.' " Postque lembum sibi robus- tum pice oblitum in portu pelagi parare jubet, ut in eo tutius Hiberniam navigaret. Convenientes autem ipsius quique discipuli, in hsec verba prorumpunt, "Domine, quo- cumque ieris, te sequimur." Ait illis, "Quidam vestrum me- cum proficiscantur; alii autem hie maneant, ut meum mo- nastcrium oppidumque fideliter servent, donee veniam." Et ' Id est, Candidus juger. 30 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. factum est ita. Triinsfrctavit itaquc Saiictns Cailocus Ili- bcrnicuni marc, tcmpestiveque prospero cursu appellitur. Qui maturius inter Ilibernenses veniens, precellentissimum illius geiitis (lidascalorum studiosius astipulando iudagare sategit, (piatiuus ab illo septcm liberalium artium disciplinis profcctius iiiforraaretur ; qui fluenta doctrina flagrautius sitiens, ad principalom ejusdcm patriae civitatem quae Lis- mor Älucliutu vocatur, tandem pervenit prospere. Ibidem- quc a doctissimo illius pagi magistro totiusque cleri coutu- boruio gratanter susceptus, pro sui sanctitate ae Immilitate, nomine primoris Sancti ejusdem civitatis, Muchutu, scilicet, cum cognominaverunt; quo cum illo summo doctore tribus annis mansit, donee perfectionem totius occidentalis sci- ontiai adipisci promcruit. In eadem civitate atque monas- terium in bonore Sancti Cadoci constructum esse ferunt. 8. Quomodo Cadocus ab Hibernia repatriavit. Evolutis tribus annis, cum copioso clericorum Hiberneu- sium atque Brittonum comitatu de Hibernia ccleberrime rcjiatriavit, inter quos religiosi doctissimi viri Finian videlicet Macmoil, atque Gnavan, celebriores totius gregis discipulorum peritissimeque Brittonum extitisse fcnuitur. Dchinc vero Brittannicum litus attigit, cum suis clieutibus in partes Brccheniauc secessit, acceperat enim quondam famnsum rlietlioricum, cui nomen Bacban, nuper de Italia ad illas boras advenisse. Ut autem beatus Cadocus famam ipsius scientia) auditu pcreepit ab illo Romano more Lati- nitatc doccri non minimum optavit. Facta est autem in ilia tcmjiestate fames valida in regione Brecbeniauc. Cum sanctus vir ad prcmemoratum dogmatistam venisset, tunc Sanctus Cadocus sujiplicitcr rogavit quo suum dignaretur suscipcre discipulatum ; cui ille respondit, "Fill mi, presto sum, oetemm admodum timeo ne tibi condiscipulis tuis victus dfficiat, et iiiedia afficiamini." His auditis, vir Domini in Domino valdu confidens, obsecrationibus quoque insistens, mostas genas lacrimis rigavit, quo sibi m[)cr bis ab omnium largitorc consulerctur ; quocircii in illius diei articulo con- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 37 tigit quendam murem de sua ogressum caverna graniim fru- menti more ad beatum Cadocum concite 'deferre, et super tabulam ante ipsum positam ludenter illud suis obtutibus preponere. Idem etiam mus septies euiido et redeundo, totidem triticea graua, et in suo volumine abdidit, animad- vertens iudicio divinam sibi adesse miserationem. Tandem vero itidem musculum comprebendens pede ligavit, ut hujus rei archanmn diligenter indagarct ; deinceps predictum scolasticum accersiens, grana depromsit, queque gesta erant etiam ei nucleatius intimavit. Cognoscentibus siquidem utrisque miraculum a Deo sibi propalatum, inito consilio, Cadocus a quadam vidua prolixum ac gracilem íìlum peciit et accepit, quo pede muris innexo se precedentem laxato filo sequitur, donee idem reptile ad quendam tumulum, sub quo erat pulcherrima subterranea domus antiquitus fabricata purgato tritico referta, venisse. Ibique per opacum foramen interius mox illapsum, citiusque regressum, unum, ut prius frumenti granum in ore suo reportavit. Attamen quis eandem domum patrasset, seu quis ibi tam magnte quantita- tis triticum reposuisset, hue usque constat incognitum. Verum certissime scitur id esse divinum munus ob suam so- daliumque propulsandam egestatem, famulo Dei contribu- tum ; quo viso, Sanctus Cadocus ad suum preceptorem, con- soladesque reversus queque coutemplatus fuerat eis nunti- avit, quum magister in hunc modum alloquitur. "In hoc cognosce quod verus Dei cultor es, et ab illo corroboraris in universis itineribus, quamobrem avidius ex toto corde meo desidero, quo legendi gratia quoad tibi placuerit, mecum consistas." Ista vero cum prcdictus Dei famukis auribus hausisset, non minimum gavisus, inquid. " Si jubes, Domine Pater, hoc domiuicum munus frumenti egenis et famelicis istius patriai, erogabimus ncu nobis illius sapientis sententia merito inferatur. 'Qui abscondit frumentum maledicitur in populis ; benedictio autem super capud tri- bueutium.'" Habitatum ergo cum prcmemorato doctorc 38 VITA SANCTI CAUOCI. sibi a Deo cnllatam annonam cunctis indigentibus unicuique pro modulo sua? penurire distribuens. Porro latins hoc mi- raculo ])cr jirovinciam crebrescente, Brachani auribus avi beati Cadoci digiia admiratione letus rumor insonsuit, qui partem agri illius, in quo triticum repertum est, qui Lann- spitit nuncupatur, viro Dei donavit, in quo loco sanctus vir monasterium sibi edificavit. 9. Dc reditu bcati Cadoci ad ejus precipuum monaster- ium. Beatus igitur Cadocus ut efficaciter disciplinarum doc- toris se senserat imbutum, suo didascalo Brachano, ae quibus- dam clientium ejus suum oratorium commendans, ad pro]irias sui cari ruris sedes Landearvan scilicet remeavit. Aliud quoquc miraculnm ejusdem venerabilis patris fertur fuisse ; nam cum ad proprium oppidum Landearvan, ex quo diu discesserat, repedasset, suum principale monasterium diru- tum, tignisquo laquearium rudere per cimiterium dispersis intuitus, ruine condoluit, gliscens illud, Deo conveniente, de- nuo re-edificare. Accitis ergo cunctis clericis, operariisque nonnullis, ad silvam cum omnibus ad deferendum lignorum materiem tetendit, exceptis duobus eíFebis, Finian videli- cet et Älacmoil, qui cum viri Dei licentia quo lectioni vacarent remanserunt. Tum repente economus, cocus, atque sepcliarius venientes objurgati sunt eos, dicentes, "Quamdui inobedientes nilque boni gerentes cum condisci- l)ulis\estris, operari indignantes, panem otiosum comeditis ; oja properantius ad ncmus euntes, lignorum materiem cum sociis vestris ocius hue advehite." At illi respondentes, in- quiuiit, " Numquid more bourn plaustra gestare valemus?" Ipsi vero geminos cervos juxta lucutn stantes deridendo ostendunt eis, talia prosequentes, " Ecce duo robusstissimi bovcs secus silvam stant, materius^ pergentes, comprehendite eos." Ipsi vero pergentes, apertum codicem pre magna festinatione, quo sedebant sub divo apertum relinquentes ; ' Pro maturiiis. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 39 cervos in nomine Christi se prestolari jusserunt, qui statim sue ferocitatis obliti, mansuetius operientes illos indomita colla jugo submittunt. At illi nimia trabe quum vix quattuor robusti boves attra- here possent, illigata jugo cervis imposito, illos velut do- mesticos boves domum obligunt, ibique jugo disjunctos, ad pascua redire permittunt. Intuens autem Sanctus Cadocus nimium hoc facto admiratus, suscitatus est eos, inquiens, " Quis vobis imperavit ad me transire, sine lectione dimissa, lignis attrahendi operam dare?" Illi vero invectiones trium prescriptorum virorum in illos stomacantium ei narra- verunt, Qui furore succensus, bujuscemodi maledictione pre- memoratis tribus officialibus jussit, "Hoc faciat eis Deus," et addat, "ut illi tres pessima morte gladio, seu fame necati deficiant." In ipsa plane bora, qua hec fiebant per univer- sam illam regionem horrisonus imber decidit, vir Domini premissos discipulos quo illorum reliquissent codi- cem inquisivit. At illi paventes dixerunt, "Quo sedebamus lectioni vacantes ejus pre nimia properationem immemores, apertum sub divo dimisimus." Vir autem Dei illo regressus, librum, a pluvia penitus illesum nimis admiratus iuuenit. Iccirco liber ille in memoriam beati viri, Britannica lingua Cov Cadduc, id est Memoria Cadoci vocatur. In eodem quoque loco in honore Sancti Finiani sita fertur capella, quo liber ejusdem inter imbrium procellarumque turbines aridus, et a pluvia extorris est repertus. A duobus vero su- pradictis cervis, more bourn subjugatis, sive plaustrum ge- rentibus, principale Sancti Cadoci oppidum a priscis Brit- tonum colonis Nantcaruguan, id est vallis cervorum, inde Nancarbania ex Valle scilicet et Cervo, vocabulum accepit. 10. Qualiter Sanctus David ex augelico jussione sinodum congregavit. In illo tempore quo hec peragebantur, Sanctus David ve- rus Dei confessor atque Pontifex, magnis virtutibus in Brit- tannia claruit ; ad quern a Deo missus est angelus, dicens ei, "Surge, ne tardaveris, omni clero senioribus, atque natu 40 VITA SAKCTI CADOCI. majorihiis onnirrocatis, Sinodum constitute." Ciii bcatu? David "IVcsto sum," iii(|uit, "te jubente, quicquid bcuc- jiiacitum Doiuino fucrit, si digiius essem iierficere, verum 1110 niulto n-encre dignior, sanctitate prestantior, sensu saga- tior clo(|uiisque sapientior ad coadunandam Sinodum ex Brittaiiica; satrapis editus, cui nomen Cadocus, in Glcuguis- sig habitat, sine licentia cujus, et anminiculo, tam grandcm rem incijiere niinime presumo." Ad quem angelus, "Inmi- nimo meis obtempera Jussionibus, nee ilhmi ullum modicum nictuas, nil enim in hac actione tibimet officiet, quum in jircsens jieregre iiroficiscetur, ceterum enimvero jiro an- gelico relatu utrumque perpetratur." Cadocus quidem pere- gi-inatus est, David vero post ejus discessionem magnam Sinodum in civitatem Brevi congregavit. n. Dc ])ci'cgrinatione viri Dei, et conceptum sterilis legina' ejus pivcibus. Igitur Sanctus Cadocus sine nummis et saccule profectus, ratani in Deo fiduciam habens, qui ait, "Dico vobis 'Ne soliciti sitis animc vestre, dicentes quid manducabimus, aut quid bibenius, neque corpore vestro quid induamini." Et rursum," "Primum querite regnum Dei, et justitiam ejus, et Lcc omnia adjicientur vobis," et cetera. Perrexit autem venerabilis vir benigneque suscijiitur ab omnibus ubicun- que jtervenit Exinde paulo post, illo pontum transfretante, sinistris aurarum flatibusinturgescentibus, in insulis Griinbul ajipellatur. Asccndit autem inde ad quendam regionis illius civitatem, in qua ditissimus quidam rex degebat, cujus uxor sterilis cxistebat; quam verbo sepenumero exprobando irrita- bat, dicens, " Discede a me, quia conjugali marito digna non cs; tua namque vulva constat a Domino maledicta, quoniam non das fructum in terra." Audiens vero regina quod Sanctus Cadocus in civitate venisset, festinanter occurrit (jus vostigiis, pervoluta ilebiliter ipsius benignitatcra in hunc nioduni exorans, "Qucso te, serve Dei fidelissime, quod pn. nic niiseru am-ilia tua, et inariti erumpnis,' ad VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 41 Dominum intcrcedere digneris, sterilitatis eiiim opprobrio quolibet morbo graviore afficior." Reliquum vero viilgus sequebatur eum iiimium de ejus admirans cursu, quasi ex uno ore cuncti pariter dilectum Dei virum pro ea enixius exoraverunt. Beatus vero Cadocus ait ill!, " Vade in pace, Dens det tibi petitionem quern rogasti." At ilia subjunxit, "Utinam inveniret ancilla tua gratiam in oculis tuis, si enim filium aut filiam genuero, Dei servitio cunctis diebus mancipabo, tueque tutele reconsiguabo." Cognovit ergo rex eadem nocte conjugem suam, et recordatus est Dominus illius, que concepit, ac deinceps demum filium peperit, vo- cavitque nomen ejus, Elli. Exinde dilectus Cadocus secessit in Gretiam, tandemque devenit Jerusalem; quo Christus natus, passus, et sepultus est, a mortuis resurrexit, et celum ascendit. Et ut verius fertur, attributa sunt ei a Domino illarum gentium idiomata, per quas eundo et redeundo transibat, loquebaturque va- rus Unguis, ad instar primitive ecclesie in discipulorum Christi tempore. Quadam siquidem die, ipso circa templum Domini deambulante, tria pulcherrima saxa, atque ad Christi officium efficiendorum, videlicet altarium aptissima, in cimi- terio conspicatus est, iuquieus, " Utinam bii tres decentis- simi lapides, nutu Dei levi volatu, in modo volatilium ad meum carum monasterium forent translata." Post trium autem annorum curriculum, isdem ad prefatas insulas re- versus est; ibidemque puerum Ellinum repperit, quem premissa sterilis regina post ipsius abscessu, eodem inter- veniente, enixa fuerat. Accepit ergo eum plus Cadocus, atque in propriis liumeris gestavit, eumque contuens ab om- nibus nocuis educavit atque instruxit ; diligebat enim eum valde super amorem genitoris et genitricis, quod mater ilium Deo voverat, sibique servandum tradiderat, quum quidem Dei servus electus esset. 12. De quodam satellite, qui velut fumus disiiaruit a facie Cadoci. 42 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Quidam malitiosus lictor, nomine Caradauc, pendium in paj,'o Giiiiilliauc extitit, pii Cadoci cousanguineus, qui prop- ter invidiam, j)ost illius percgrinationem, Cimbelinum patru- elem ipsius trucidavit. Cumque comperisset quod memoratus vir repatriasset, nimio pavore perterritus a facie ejus celerius aufugit; deinde sancto viro illo persequente, sub oculis ejus tanquam pulvis, aut fumus a facie venti, nutu Tonantis, evanuit. "Tu affuisti, Christe, tuai majestatis potentiam ex- erccndo, qui iibique humiles in te credentes exaltas," ut scrip- turn est, ' Nimis honorati sunt amici tui Deus," et cetera. Porro postquam vir Dei ad suum proprium cenobium re- nicasset, eadem tria optata saxa que tantopere prius in Jerusalem desideraverat, quatinus in ipsius templum essent allata, idem in suo monasterio devotius orans, tria altaria ibidem fuisse intuitus est, quorum unum dedit Elli, aliud Älacmoil, tertium vero sibi retinuit. 13. De predonibus tellure absortis. Huic miraculo aliud non dissimile di\'ina potentia ad de- claraiida viri beati nierita peregit. Erat quidam dux, nomine Sauuil, haut procul a cenobio illius degens, qui scelerosis refertus affectibus, cum suis complicibus ad ejus babitacu- lum veniens, cibis illinc potibusque vi direptis, atque tam ipso quam universis satellitibus ejus edentibus invicem, et bibcntibus ; clerici quoque super tanto dedecore flagitio- que gcmentes, in ecclesiam ingressi, adventum viri Dei, nam idcntidem casu dcerat, invasorumque castigationem a Domino devotius efflagitabant. Cumque magno flerent cju- latu, et exinspcrato sanctus vir adveniens causam tanta moes- titiai diligenter ab eis inquisivit, quibus occasionem allegan- tibus integro vultu ait, " Patientiam habete, quia patientia est mater onniium virtutum ; sinite eos corda sua in crapula et ebrietate gravare, temulentique simul cousopientur ; eis- dcm vero in so]iore depressis, acutissimis novaculis dimidiam partem barbarum comarumque suarum in opprobrium illis sempiternuni raditote, ncc non et labra suorum caballorum auresque pariter incidite." Feceruntque quemadmodum VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 43 praîceporat eis. Deinde predones infausti parumper super- fluitate escarum sompno digesti, tandemque pre iiimia temulentia dementes experrecti, sonipedes ascendunt, iter- que simm quamtotius arripiunt. Tunc vir Dei dixit clericis suis, " Induatur umisquisque vestrum vestimento suo et cal- cimento, euntes sibi obviara, alioquin morte moriemini, revertetur enim liostis vester, et interficiet nos gladio, a majore usque ad minorem, ubi se a nobis illudi animadver- terit." Induti sunt ergo singuli vestibus suis, cooportus et etiam Sanctus Cadocus indumento suo ; secutique sunt eura fere quinquaginta clerici obviantes ftinesto tiranno cum canticis et ymnis et psalmis. Cumque conscendissent quen- dam acervum, Sauuil pennuchel et satellites ejus descende- bant in occursum eorum ; tunc coram oculis servi Dei terra appemit os suum, et absorbuit tirannum vivum cum suis propter illorum nequitiam, ne Dei virum cum clericis ejus- dem attrociter necarent. Fossaque usque in hodiernum diem cunctis transeuntibus liquet qua absorpti sunt, que patula semper in hujus rei testimonium permanens a nullo oppilari permittitur. Reversi sunt autem bone memorie Cadocus, et clerici ejusdem, cum magno tripudio ad propriam mansionem, Deum glorificantes, atque fine tenus ymnum Ambrosianum, " Te Deum laudamus," et ea que sequuntur, modulantes. His peractis, beatus Cadocus, presentibus fratribus, bene- dicens in hunc modum, ait, " Benedicti vos a Domino, et benedictum eloquium, consiliumque vestrum, hoc privi- legium atque prerogativam Domino exhibeat vobis duode- cim tonsoribus, qui tipicum bissenum apostolorum figuratis uumerum, ceterisque universis in hoc pago vicem vestram in posterum tenentibus. Si defecerit judicium, et utile consilium in tota hac patria, hie apud vos reperiatur; si duodecim ordinati viri sapientes defuerunt, duodecim cleri- corum inordinatorum consilium: si vero duodecim clerici non affuerunt, duodecim parvulis pueris, virginibus cum mulieribus haut coinquinatis, judicium atque consilium pennittatur." 44 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 14. Do iiiflulgcntia Sancto David facta pro collccta Sinodo. Con/îrogatis iiíitur quibusqam simul beati viri discipulis, ad invici'in dixcrunt, "Quis ex nobis magistro nostro que a Sancto David, dum peregrinaretur in Brittannia, gesta sunt, ausus erit reserare?" Ad hec omnibus tacentibus, nee quispiam presumpsit eidem rem allegare; miserunt ergo sortem super hac re, ceciditque sors super Finnianum. Surrexit itaque Sanctus Finnianus in medio fratrum, cum ingenti trepidatione, progrediens viri Dei vestigiis proster- nitur, devotius supplicans ne in eum succenseret, insinua- vitque (juemadmodum universa sinodus a Sancto David, dum ille ])eregrc proficisceretur, congregata fuerit. Que res nou minimum ei displicuit, nimioque furore contra Sanctum David pro tali dedecore succensus, diem cum nocte jcjunio continuavit. In eadem quoque nocte, angelus Domini convenit eum, hujuscemodi verbum dicens, " Queso te ne irascaris in fratrem tuum ; ut enim in epistola Jo- bannis legitur, ' Qui edit fratrem suum homicida est.' " Indulsit qui])pe beato David angelico interveutu hiijus rei cxcessum ; quajirojiter angelus subjunxit, " Quia obedisti voci mee, condonastique meo precatu in te committenti, liberavit Dominus Dcus tuus plenum castellum tuum ter dc animabus hominum ab eternis penis in die judicii ; at- que quot cirri sive jube in tua coccula, quod vulgariter vocatur quoddam genus indumenti, quo Hibernenses utuntur dc foris, ])lenum prominentibus jube seu villis in modum cinium sunt contoxte, tot homines per te a penis perpetuis erucntur. Nccnon in singulis sabbatis ab liac nocte in scnipiternum, una anima ab infernalibus cmciatibus pro tuo amoro liberetur, omnesque vcstri familiares amici, qui in hoc loco dofuncti fucrint, a geheunalibus crint extorrcs suppliciis; quinimo quecunquc a Domino poposceris, impe- trabis." Tunc l)catus Cadocus oppido gavisus surrexit, ange- licaquc promissa discipulis, inquit, "Laudate pueri Domi- num, laudate nomen Domini, quura confirmata est super nos iiiisericordia ejus, ct Veritas Domini mauct in eternum." VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 45 15. De Mansione Sancti Cadoci quadragesimali tempore. Quadragcsimalibus diebus consuevit Sanctus Cadocus manere in duabus insulis, videlicet, Barren et Ethni ; in die vero palmarum veniebat Nantcarvan, ibi expectans, et faciens paschale servitium, cotidie pascens centum clericos, et centum milites, et centum operarios, centumque pau- peres, cum ejusdem numeri viduis. Hie numerus erat fa- milie, exceptis ministris servientibus et armigeris, et adurnis hospitibus, quoque quorum numerus erat incertus, et quo- rum multitudo ad ilium crebro veniebat. Nee mirum, quod locuples multos alebat, Abbas enim erat et princeps super Gunluc progenitorem a Fynnon Hen, scilicet a fonte antiquo usque ad ostium Rymni fluminis, totumque territorium pos- sidebat ab amne Gulich, usque Nadauan flumen, a Peun- tirch directe usque ad Nantcarbanensem vallem; a valle videlicet usque amnem Gurimi, videlicet Parvam Remni versus mare. 16. Quomodo tellus raptores absorbuit vivos, et de con- versione Sancti Iltuti. Quodam die cum sedisset Sanctus Cadocus in cathedra, docens pojiulos, quinquaginta ex militibus cujusdam reguli, videlicet Poul, cognomine Pennichen, qui aves cum ancipi- tribus capiebant venientes ad ilium, ut escam ab eo vellet nollet sumerent. Quibus ille ut fertur quinquaginta panes triticeos, ac medium, id est cupam celee plenam, pinguem quoque suem pascualem jussit largiri. Sumptis autem om- nibus atque in campi Medetullium, qui vocatur Midgard, non procul ab oppido securn allatis, ibidemque depositis, circa modiimi cervisite ordinatim in modum circuli illud circundando discubuerunt, porcoque frustatim in assaturis concise prandium attentius paravere. Erat enim quidam princeps ejusdem militie, Iltutus nomine, quo absente, hoc scelus patraverunt, ante cujus adventum prandere nullate- nus presumpserunt. Illis itaque eum prestolantibus, et hac de causa cibis prejiaratis abstinentibus, ecce repente Iltutus 4G VITA SANCTI CADOCI. advcniciis, sod autequam cornipede descendoret solo, subter cos ex insperato disrumpente, in ictii oculi in profundum abissi demerguntur, secnndum illud Davitici, "Aperta est terra, et deglutivit Datlian, et operuit super congregationem Abiron." Esca vero modiumque (]uod supra tetigi celee quodain cuniulo divine subvecta prodigio intemerata atque iiitacta constiterunt. Ista siquidem premissus Iltutus propriis prosj^ectans ob- tutibus concito curru vestigiis beati Cadoci provolutus, narravit quemadmodum divina vindicta consortes ejusdem scilicet prefati rcguli satellites pro illata sibi injuria perdi- disset. Idem vero dominus ille tribunus, obnixis obsecra- tionibus per nomen divine majestatis, virum Dei exoravit, quo sibi habitum monachilem prestaret, eundemque divini scrvitii stigmatibus come barbeque abrasione persigniret. Turn illo precibus illius annuente, idem tribunus, relicta terrena militia secularibusque armis funditus abrenunciatis, monachus effectus toto se conamine preceptoris sui doctri- nis obsecundans deificis mancipavit obsequiis. Unde dici- tur, "Terra retexit eos nunquam telluri reversos." Credi- dit Iltutus tales ut viderat actus; qui fuerat miles multos sujierando jicr urbes, vertit militiam summam capiendo coronam, monacus effectus diversos profuit usus. Trans- misit igitur vir Domini quosdam effebos, qui cibaria potus- fiuc memoratos rcveherent, ac totidem egenos inde satiavit, «|U()t in S])ill()iiibus prius ingrate contradicta^ fuerant. 17. De Architccto a beato Cadoco resuscitato. Alio quoqno tempore, cum beatus Cadocus rursus inde disccssisset, cujiicns alibi Deo devotum exbibcre fornuila- tum, ad quandam urbem sccus magnum amnem, qui dicitur Need, sitam divino nutu adveniens locumque circumspec- tans, ibidem mox domum orationis sibi edificari jussit ; operariis autem ejus duodecim numero ad silvam gratia con- cindcndoruni liguorum ad oi.us editicandi oratorii profectis, ' Contradila, MS. VITA SANCTI CADOCr. 47 res agenda, per universam regionem innotuit; uncle contigit quendam Ilibernensem advenara, artificiosum quidem architectum, egestate comjjulsum, cui nomen Liuguri, euro liberis suis eo advenisse, quatinus victum sibi natorum que artis ipsius exertitionibus adgereret, quapropter a viro Dei ovanter susceptus ; opus viriuter cum reliquis bissenis arti- ficibus aggreditur, quosdani paululuni post omnes artificio et virtute excedebat. Invidentes siquidem ei alii duodecin* ipsum nequiter interfecerunt, amjiutatoque capitc, neenon enormi saxo circa truncum corpus alligato, in alto quodam stagno precipitaverunt. Illis equidem domum pro more redeuntibus, iuterfecti artificis filii patrem nequaqum solito contuentes, miserabilibus vocibus fleverunt. Ut autem planc- tum vir beatus excepit, causam tante miserande lamenta- tionis ocius inquisivit. Operariis vero super his acriter conventis, totis nisibus se excusantes, quo prescriptus architectus devenisset se nescire multa cavillatione asseruerunt. Ubi quippe vir Dei nequitiam eorum cognovit, ipse, cum cunctis clericis pervigil in orationibus pernoctabat, ut eadem nocte hujus rei Veritas eis declaretur. Mane autem facto deprecationibus jam ex- plicitis, ecce repente decollatus artifex caput in sinu suo gestans, magnumque lapidum super tergum ferens, madidus que crueirtus truci horridaque specie, venerabili viro, suis- que discipulis apparuit. Mirum dictu, venmi facile Deo factu, precisum cajxit hujuscemodi ora resolvit, " Serve Dei, fige me super collum pristine statu, referamque tibi cuncta que de hac re hactenus tibi sunt incognita." Fecitque prout jietiit. Indicavit autem sibi necatus artifex Lyuguri per- graude nefas duodecim prememoratorum operariorum, et qualiter ilium invidia ducti flagitiose trucidaverunt. Cui ille, " Elige quod ex duobus mavis, aut in hac letali vita denuo funus futurus degere, aut in eternam vitam cum Deo prehenniter regnaturus remeares." At ille dixit, "Domine, ut anima mea regrediatur in eternam requiem." Adhuc autem eloquente, expiravit. Precepit itaque vir sanctus discipulis suis, predictum lapidem quern super dorsum occi- 48 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. sus architcctus attulerat, juxta nemus in memoriam liiijus niiraculi in ti'iTani crectiuii ilepoucre, eundeniqne ibidem ibidem penes ilium sepeliri, et ab ejus nomine totum illud o])jiidum Landlyugri vocari mandavit. Per banc quoque oautem Dominus cos qui urinam continere nequerunt, alior- umque morborum diversa genere, pro amore Sancti Cadoci atquc Lyuguri, usque iu hodiernum diem curat. Is. De altereatione inter Sanctum Cadocum, et regem Artliurum pro cujusdam reconciliatione. In eodem igitur tempore, dux quidam Brittanorum fortis- simus, vocabulo Ligessaue, filius Eliman, cognomento quo- que Laubiir, id est longa manus, tres milites Artburii regis illustrissimi Brittannie trucidavit. Ceterum Arthurio qua- quavcrsum eum persequente, nusquam tutum locum rep- perit, nulloque ipsum tutari ob predigesti regis pavorem ausus fuit; donee tandem creberrima fuga fatigatus ad viram Dei profugus pervenit. Qui ipsius miseratus labores benignius ilium suscepit, in Domino confidens, Arthurium vero nil metuens, secundum illud dominicum preceptum, " Nolito timere eos qui corpus occidunt, animam autem non possunt occidere, sed potius eum timete qui potest ani- mam et corpus mittere in gehennam." Mansit itaque cum eo in regione Guunliauc, Arthurio nesciente, septeni annis securus. Quibus evolutis rursus prelibato regi proditus, idem demum placitandi causa, q^uod vi cum viro Dei nulla- teims auderet contendere, cum plurima militum copia ad amncm Oscam pervenit. Directis ergo legatis ad regem, \ir Dei scissitatur ab eo si controversiam in sagacium judi- cium arbitrio statuerct. At ille adquievit, Sanctus namque Cadocus de diversis ejusdem patrie partibus, tribus ad se l)rincipalibus proceribus, David videlicet, et Teliauuo, et Dochu, lleneder et JNIaidoc accersitis, cum pluribus aliis dericis ct scnioribus totius Brittannie, judicibus, insimul coadunatis usque ad ripam pregrandis fluminis Osce ipso lirecedeute, pariter convenerunt. Ibi quoque more hosti- um ex utraeiue fluvii parte causam amaris verbis agitantes, VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 49 diutius utrinque litigaverunt. Post banc autem alterca- tionis intercapidiuem, eruditiores ex judicibus viri decreve- vunt Artliurium pro redemtione uniuscujusque virorum necatorum tres boves optimas debere suscipere. Alii vero centum vaccas illi in precium prescriptorum virorum tri- bundas sanxerunt, a priscis enim temporibus apud Brittones hujusmodi judicium ac istud precium de regum ducumque ministris constitutum erat. Hoc accepto, Arthurius in- sultans, uui colons vaccas renuit; verum discolores accipere voluit, scilicet in anteriori parte rubei, in posteriori vero candidi, coloris distinctas plurima tergiversatione gestivit. Illi quippe quo bujuscemodi coloris pecora rejiperirentur, penitus ignorantes quid consilii super bis caperent, hesita- bant ; quocirca vir Dei in trium personarum nomine impe- ravit juvenibus de concilio quatinus novem, sive velut qui- dam fatentur centum juvencas ad se minare, cujuscunque coloris forent. Ut autem pernotata animalia pre oculis ipsius, et aliorum Dei famulorum adducta fuerunt, divino magnatio, ex prava Artliurii cupidine, in prelibatis coloribus pro ben- iuolo justorum precatu ac desiderio, statim mutata fuere. Intuente autem totius cleri comitatu pluribusque aliis Dei fidelibus a beato viro illo congregatis boc miraculo, gavisi sunt gaudio magno, Deum valde glorificantes. Porro vir Dei consuluit quatinus jure prememoratas boves agere deberet. Et respondit ex altrinsecus judicum cuncis, " Jus quidem est te ipsas ad vadi medium gregatim com- pellere." Compulsit igitur illas eotenus occurrerentque eis Artburius, Kei et Bedwir ceteris in littore sedentibus ; at Kei, et Bedwir gliscentes eas manibus ad litus alterum per cornua trabere ; sed extemplo inter ipsorum manus, cunctis videntibus, divino nutu, in filicis fascibus transfigurate sunt. Quod prodigium Arthurius aspectans, ut sibi dimittetur in- juria quam illi irrogaverat beatum virum humiliter flagita- vit. Largitus est autem illi veniam delicti, juxta illud evangelicum, " Dimittite et dimittetur vobis." Inito igitur prelibatus rex cum agmine sue consilio, re- fugium ejus per septem annos totidemque menses, eidem- que numeri dies protelavit. 50 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Si quis vero alienigena prefiuito tempore de Sancti Ca- doci pa<îo rcpatriare gestiens ad aliquam mundi plagani discesscrit scu transfretaverit; Si forte valida vi procella- runi ac siiiistri flatus tenipestate ingruente in illiiis portum videlicet Barren ap])ulsus fuerit, adque ad pristinum refu- giura sui locum denuo remeaverit, secundum seniorum tra- ditionem usque ad ultimum vitie suoe terminum, servitio ipsius deputandus, ac alacriter recipiendus est ; hoc Arthu- rus universique duces ejusdem cum totius Brittannic seni- oribus corroborantes dixerunt, " Nos quoque in omnium audita verba sanctionis Imjus contestamur, et quicunque ea jirevaricatus fuerit, addat super ilium Deus omncs plagas in veteri et nova lege scriptas, nomenque ejus de libro vita deleatur. Qui vero liec custodierit, omnibus veteris et nova tostamenti benedictiouibus repleatur et super ilium descendant et maneant, nee non ipsius anima in requie con- sistat eterna." Peracto vero concilio, omnes vacce qui in filicum manipulis fuerunt converse in suis bostaribus in- columes apud earundem possessores sunt reperte. Ab illo cnim die locus Brittanico fatu, Trefredinauc, villa filicis vocatur. Illud quoque vadum, circa quod placitum erat, Rithguutebou nuncupatur. Recedentibus omnibus pacifice de illo placito, Sanctus Cadocus tres villas tribus inditis proceribus tribuit ; una David, alia Theleauuo, tertia vero Docguinno, qui longinquo itinere fatigati fuerant. Quarum villarum possessorumque earum nomina subscribuntur ; beato quipjio David Landdeui Pennbei ; Theleauuo, JNIer- tliir Teemed ; Doguuinno, vero Landubrguir donavit. 19. ]>e vindicta in rege Guinnedotiorum ob iiijuriam viri Dei. Aliud nain(|ue miraculum omnibus liquidum Brittonibus in ipsis ])artibus dcgentibus de eodum almo patrono asseri- tur. In diebus itaquo illius, rex quidam nomine INIailgunus Ml tola Brittaiinia regnabat, qui sues tirones ad regionem (Juunliauc, ut inde censum acciperent direxit. Qui ad beati Cadoci jirctoris domum vcnientcs ejusdem formosissimam VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 51 filiam violenter rapientes, secum adduxerunt. Convenientes siquidem Gunliuenses persecuti sunt eos, et assecutos quos- dam prostraverunt pliirimos vero vulneraverunt, reliqui vero ad dominum siuim fugerunt. Quo pacto premissus basileus pleraque furoris bile succensus, et congregatis exercitibus, castra metati sunt in regionem Guunliauc, super foutem, qui lingua illorum Finnun Brittrou^ vocatur, quatinus sequente die totam illam propriam predarentur. Quibus auditis, Gunlienses non minimum veriti sunt, viroque Dei in hec verba modum rei nunciaverunt, "Mailcunus rex Guinedotorium^ in finibus nostris cum suis agminibus des- cendit, atque liac nocte cum toto exercitu secus fontem Brittrou essedit. Crastino enim universam terram tuam devastabit omnesque masculos furiosa nece trucidabit ; suc- curre ergo nobis inbecillibus miseris et imermibus pacem cum attroci rege componendo, alioquiu moriemur." His^ acceptis, \'ir Dei dixit ad nuncium, " Materius procede te etenim sequemur." Secutus est autem noctu cum tribus clericis nuntium, donee Gundliaiuc venirent; occurreruntque eis ejusdem regionis indigene hostili timore perterriti cum nimio planctu, eum exoraverunt, dicentes, " Domine, adju- va nos, et erue nos per tua* magna* dementia,* quia quod- cunque a Domino petieris, impetrabis." Respondit eis, " Comfortamini in Domino, et estote robusti nee formidetis; in Deo facicmus virtutem, et ipse ad nichilum deducet ini- micos nostros."'' Secessit inde Sanctus Cadocus, in Deo mag- nani fiduciam liabens, juxta castra hostium seorsum oravit suis clericis a se pusillum remotis. Mane autem facto ab oratione surrexit, et ecce columpna nubis precedebat eum, que tentoria cuncta quoque agmina prescripti regis operiens obscuravit, et facta est dies veluti tetra nox apud illos, ita ut nuUus alteram contemplari valeret. Tum® in medio caliginis almus vir ante regis papilionem apparuit, salutans eum et ait, "Salve rex. Queso si in oculis tuis gratiam in- Fonnon Brotten, T— Litera T denotat TiTUs in MSS. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. ' .Snoudunensium, T. ■' Uiis, T. * Sic, MS. ^ Vcslros, T. •* Tunc, T. 52 VITA 8ANCTI CADOCI. veiii verba nioa beiiignc percipo." Cui rex, "Presto sum, Loc|uero" iiiquit. At ille, "Utquid ad meam patriam ar- niata maim predandi vcstandique causa advenisti, praser- tim cum id nequaquam meruissem." Ad hec rex, "Fateor mc in te ])eccassc; veruntamen obnixius sauctitatem tuam roffo, quatinus super hoc commisso sis misericors, illudque milii dimittas, atque tua interventione tenebrositas ista dis- ccdat, quo nos illesi ad nostras queamus^ remeare sedes, omnisque tua patria^ in pace sempiterna consistat." Vir Dei respondit, "Remittentur tibi pregrandia facinora tua." Adhuc eo loquente, en estiva lux extemplo desuper efiusa nimia serenitatc in castris refulsit ; dum vero rex hoc mira- culum perspexisset, de regali cathedra surgens, procidit in faciem suam, dicens, "AiRrmam et ratum faciam refugium, quod tibi heroum fortissimus Arthurius impendidit, ut ex mca sobole qui breviaverit, sit meledictus; et qui serva- verit, sit benedictus; teque hodie confessorem mihi, si tibi boncjilacitum fuerit, inter dextrales pre omnibus eligo." Et ita factum est. Reversique sunt unusquisque pacifice in regionem suam. 20. De obcccatione regis Runn pro illata Sancto Cadoco injuria. Inter fluxis igitur aliquantis annorum post ea curricuHs, Runn íìlius prenotati basilei JMailguni, veniens ab aquilone cum multitudine copiosa Guinedote gentis in expeditionem, ut austral ium Brittonum possessiones, gazasque diriperet, terramquc penitus depopularet. Collecto quoque toto exer- citu in conspcctu JMailguni, idem firmiter predigesto Run genito ejusdcm, cunctisque falangibus totius expeditionis precepit, ne sancto Cadoco quod ipsius Confessor existeret aliquam injuriam irrogarent, neque de omni terra sua ullum ununi vilissimum pccus absque ejus licentia tollent. Et lioc," iiiquit, "erit vobis signum; cum ad illius patriam solum vcneritis, animalia liberius in pascuis pascentia, ho- ■ rtr<,nm„s, V.— V .lonotat Vespasian iu MSS. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. ^ Patria., deost. T. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 53 minesque fretos ac imperterritos, invenietis, in amititia nostra confidentes, ideoque ab omni belli i)recinctu fore funditus indempnes, quamquidem, ego et dominus eorum familiari spiritualique federe connectimur." Tunc quicun- que banc regis jussionem cum juramento se servaturos pol- liciti sunt. Cum itaque perventum esset ad oras Guurunid, castra metati sunt in Cair^ Trigued; quos cum viri Guuru- nid vidissent, veriti ab eis fugerunt, abdentes se in silvis, et sentibus, et antris, atque speluncis terre. Habitatores vero Pennichen qui erant trans fluvium Nadauan, et cuncti re- gionis ejusdem imperterriti jirostituerunt ; cum autem plurimas ad castra predas agerent Xllcim armigeri ex gregariis regis adsequare^ caballos ad amnem Nadavam abi- enmt. Ubi autem suos cornipedes potavenint, ipsimet sitientes tepidumque laticem bibere non valentes, ad invi- cem inquiunt, "Equitemus proprium ad Cadoci horreum quod in predio buceles tunc temporis fuisse perhibetur, ut lac potemus suiRcienter, nam ibi lac habundat jugiter." Illi nempe bissenis velotius eo suum iter tendentibus loci procuratorem austerius verbis aggrediuntur, quo si lactis potum largiretur. Qui indignatus renuit illis impertiri, dicens, " Nunqnid excordes estis, estimantes quod dominus noster niinime sit vir magni honoris et dignitatis ; cum uti- que magnam familiam immero trecentorum virorum, sci- licet C clericos, todidemque milites atque ejusdem numeri operarios, exceptis parvulis, et mulieribus possideatur." Surrexerunt ergo nimio furore stomacantes singuli quoque titiones in manibus arripientes, ascensisque sonipedibus horreum illud incendere conati sunt ; verum Dei virtute ne- quaquam cremantur, sed fiimantur. In illius plane hore momento dum jirelocutus Rein in tabernaculo ludens in alca cum suis eunuchis consedisset, fumus ad instar lignei postis, de Sancti Cadoci horrco procedens, recto tramite permane se ad ipsius papilionem tetendit, lumenque oculorum omni- um ibidem commanentium obcecavit. At rex quod accidit ifWteJ, T. •■'Ad;rjere,T:. ARy^ 54 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. iiidicare erubescens, cimuclios ludere coliortatur, " Ludite," imiuit. At illi referunt, "Opertis ociilis nichil videmus." Tunc dcmum rex sibi similiter evenisse confessus. Convo- catis dcniquc ducibus ad se ac cunctis optimatibus et equi- tibus, perciinctatur eos si forte ex illorum consortibus quis- piam beato viro aliquod dedecus intulisset. Ipsi vero penitus crimen inficiabantur. " In castris" in- quit rex " diligenter perscrutantes perquirite si qui vestrum sodalium defuerint hodie." Cumque requisissent, comper- tum est XII armigeros abfuisse ; quibus adductis, ait rex, "Quo hodie abistis, sive quid mali egistis, quamtoties edici- tote, in nobis enim manifestum quod magnum contagium hodierno commiseritis," tunc armigeri ejus rectum conficen- tur. Ncc mora Sanctum Cadocum ad se venire fecit, cui et dixit, "Beuedictus sis a Domino, ingressusque tuus sit paci- ficus, peccavi et enim in Deum et coram te." At ille, "Quid egisti, edicito." Ille autem in hujusmodi verba prerumpit, "Quidam apparitorum meorum tuum pcnus sen horreum adorsi sunt, me inscio, succendere, qua de re hoc obceca- tionis infortunium nobis scio contigisse, quocirca benigni- tatena tuam suppliciter imploro, quatinus michi misero in- dulgoas, luminumque nostronim cecitate depulsa, prisca ]ierspicuitas, vestra intercessione, visibus nostris refundatur." Orante siquidem Sancto Cadoco, priscam luminum aciem rcceperunt, quibus explicitis, rex adauxit refugium ejus, ut- pote pius Arthurius, et genitor premissi Rein constituerunt, ratum illud faciens sententiam diversic qualitatis exerens. " Si quis," inquit, " refugium tuum infregerit sit excommu- nicatus, qui vero custodierit, a Deo et hominibus exstat dilcctus." Ilec dicens rex dedit ei suum egregium emissarium, cum omni cquino sternatu, tribusque principalibus armis, clipeo videlicet mucrone et hasta nee non et universa que attule- rat, jtreter ea que ad victus necessaria sibi reservabat ; his cxpletis, singuli sunt ad propria reversi. Gladium vero sibi a rcge Rein collatum beatus Cadocus Wrgano Vario, (|ui tunc tcniporis in Wlatmorgan regnabat, presemi parte VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 55 piscium fiuminis Osci, tribuit, ut septem ex illis quadra- gesimale pulmentum apud Lancarvan habetur. Equum equidem eidem regi, cum tota equestri falera, pro dimidia parte piscium amnis Need largitus est, quatinus singulis Quadragesimis apud Landmais inde elixatam seu assatam cibarii et obsonii habet. Possidebat et enim duos equos ligneos, ita inestimabiliter veloces, ut nullum animal illis in cursu equipari valebat ; super equos minister ejus que- que necessaria undique deferebat. Diurnum quippe iter equorum ligneorum erat a Landcarvan usque Need et Bycheiniauc cundo et redeundo. 21. De ereptione regis Rein de manibus Gunliuitarum. Tertiam nempe virtutum fecit Deus per Sanctum Ca- docum in testimonium graphii refugii generis sui Gundliauc. Rein filius Brachani, avunculus ejusdem, a finibus suis egressus, vastavit atque depojjulatus est provinciam Gun- dliauc usque ad mare. Insurrexerunt quippe Miri Gun- dliuiti in obviam exercitus illius, et fugaverunt eum, atque percusserunt viros ejus in loco, qui dicitur Pull Rein, et in Pullrud, et in PuU-lithion, atque Pull-guedillion que loca ab eis vocabula accepeioint. Obsessus est etiam prelocutus Rein a Gundliuitis, eo qnod nullatenus ausi fuerunt necare avunculum doniiui sui sine jussu illius. Venit itaque beatus Cadocus, et ab obsidione prefatum Rein emit, qui et ab illo delictorum confessionem suspiciens, confirmavit refu- gium quod plus Mailgiinus et Arthurius ei rato fedei-e contu- lerant. De cetero. Rein bujuscemodi ora resolvit, "Quoniam liberasti me hodie," inquit, " omnis qui ex gente mea ortus fuerit, si minus servaverit gentem Gunliuensem, et pactum quod cum Sancto Cadoco pepigi prevaricatus fuerit, maledic- tus sit." Oravit igitur Sanctus Cadocus ad Dominum ut daret ei regem, qui pro eo suam gentem regeret, et datus est ei Mouric filius Enhinti; deditque illi amicam^ suam nomine Debunn, cum tota regioue. Sanctus ergo Cadocus exivit 56 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. obviam ei, excepto Gundliauc, et beiiedixit eis, mandavit- que crofo conservarent refugiiim suum, pro pacto quod aiitea cum IMailguno et ArtLurio pepigerat; quam conven- tionem Mouric concessit coram his testibus. De clericis, David, Cbenedir, Eliud (Teliauus,) Iltut, Maidac, Cannou, et aliis pluribus. Beatus vero Cadocus prsecepit Mourico, dicens, "Patrocinare meam patriam atque hereditatem Gundliauc, sitque libera ab omni fiscali censu, excepto quod jiergant tecum in exercitu ad prelium tribus diebus et tribus^ noctibus, et si amplius tecum ierint, cibabis eos." Et resj)ondit JMouricus,^ " In eternum ita fiat." Vir autem Dei adjunxit, " Benedictus sit qui hie pacti tenorem cus- todierit ; qui autem haut servaverit, maledictus sit a Deo, et omnibus Sanctis ejus;" et respouderunt omnes clerici, "Amen." 22. De profectione Sancti Cadoci in Albaniam, et mira- culis ibidem per eum effectis. Rursus aliud miraculum memoratu dignum divina dig- natio patenter ad laudem sui nominis, et ejus fidelis clientis Cadoci gloriam, patrare dignata est. Quodam autem die, discipulis ipsius in unum convenientibus hujusmodi eos affatur, "Quamquidem divino nutu, ter Jerusalem, septies Romam pro Dei amore profectus sum, superest nunc qua- tinus orandi gratia progrediar ad basilicam Sancti Andree apostoli, qui apud Albaniam, que Yu\go Scotiam vocatur, constructa dinoscitur : quamobrem subrogo vobis loco mei prelatum atque rectorem Elli, meum alumpnum, quem ab ipsis cunabilibus deificis jugiter attentum obsequiis scimus, evangelicisque non minimum callere doctrinis, cujus erudi- tionibus in quibuslibet et pro viribus parcere impigri exis- tatis." At illi dixcrunt, "Omne quod vobis placuerit libcntius annuimus." Surgens igitur vir Dei, cum tribus discipulis suis, in Albaniam perrexit, prelibateque basihce bcati Andree limina adivit ; dumque rediens ad quandam ' Tribiif (leesl, V. = Manritus, T. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 57 iirbem que citra montem Bannauc, qui in medio Albanie situs perhibetur, advenisset, in ipsa nocta dum pausa ces- sisset, aiigelus Domini eidem in sompnis apparuit, dicens, " Dominus Deus tuus per me tibi precepit ne hinc discedas, cetemm potius hie VII annorum spacio gratia convertendi populum istius loci ad dominicam fidem persistas." Ule quidem vir Dei prefiuito tempore moratus est, indies prse- dicans, populumque gentilem docens, cunctosque languidos curans. Quadam vero die, cum Cadocus terram circa construen- dum monasterium foderat, quoddam os collare cujusdam prisci herois monstruosum, ac incredibilis quantitatis, in- orme, et invenit, per quod, mirum dictu, pugil insidens equo sine inipedimento equitare valerat.^ Quo reperto, Sanctus Cadocus admirans ait, "Haut^ ad escam neque potum vadam, sed erit mihimet oratio pro cibo, lacrimeque pro poculo, donee hoc prodigiosum, quid fuerit, a Deo nobis propatetur." Eadem quippe nocte, vox de celo an- gelica allocutione ilhim convenit, dicens, " Ecce clamor orationis tue in auribus Domini extat acceptabilis, quod enim a Deo suppliciter poposcisti, conferet tibi Deus ; verum etiam^ clericos tuos ceterumque populum verbis corrobora, ne trepidaverint siquid illis supervenerit. Cras etenim veteranus gigas in prima diei hora suscitabitur, qui vir fossor quo adjuxerit erit." His acceptis, matutinus exur- gens angelicum oraculum plebi declaravit. Adhuc autem 60 ad populum sermocinante, en illico immanis stature redi- vivus gigas horribilis et immensus, humanam penitus quan- titatem magnitudine excedens, eis apparuit. Quo viso, quique oppido perterriti dixeruut, " Ecce fan- tasma transfiguratum in hominis forma ad seducendos nos venit." At monstruosus heros illico pedibus viri Dei per- volvitur, inquiens, " Sancte Cadoce, serve Dei egregie, benedictus sis a Deo et hominibus; nam tuam ingentem enixius efflagito benignitatem, quatinus miseram auimam 58 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. meam, in diris Cociti caribdibus hactenus apprime suppli- ciis affectani, eo dcnuo remeare nequaquam permittas." "Sanctus quisnam es," ait Cadocus, "aut de qua cogna- tione progenitus, modum quoque exitus tui de bac vita dilin-eiiter enuclea." Gigas respondit, "Ultra montem Bannauc quondam quamplurimis annis regnavi ; contigit a diabolico instinctu me, cum meorum predonum cunctis, ad has oras advenisse, causa diripiendi easdem atque vastaudi ; Rex vero qui tunc temporis huic regioni dominabatur, cum ipsius phalange, nos persequens, me meumque exercitum, commisso pariter prelio, trucidavit ; ab illo siquidem die nostre peremptionis in edacibus' Gehenna flammis hucus- que torqucbamur; ceterum meum supplicium universa aliorum tormenta penarum immanitate superabat, quoniam illis omnibus magnum in Deum deliqui, quemadmodum Scriptura ait, ' Potentes potenter tormenta patientur.' " Vir autcm Domini, quo nomine vocaretur, sciscitatur. At ille respondit, " Cau cognomine Pritdin, seu Caur, dudum vocitabar." Cui vir Dei, " Letare," inquit, "et alacer sis animo, nam milii a Deo concessum est te diutius in hoc se- culo victurum, et pro presentis vite cursum,* si Deo fidele dcvotumque obsequium exhibueris, ac meis doctrinis humi- liter obtemperaveris, dignamque satisfactionem de peccatis tuis egeris, tandem ex hoc funesto corporis ergastulo anima tua ad ]>erhcnncm gloriam migrabit, ibique feliciter cum Deo regnabit." Ad hec gigas sic^ ora rcsolvit, "Omnia quo iireceperis levia mihi videntur, eademque effectui man- cipabo libentcr." Ab eodem itaque die usque ad ipsius obitum illic bcati viri fossor que^ ei precipiebatur effodiendo clTectus est. Ut autem hoc miraculum per Albanian! ce- leljrius procrcbuit, Albauorum reguli vigiuti quatuor villas prebucrunt ei. 23. De nola, quam Sanctus Gildas viro Dei distrahere reuuit. '£Ä.cdccM,T. » Pro 5 W, foitc. «Sic MS. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 59 Peracto denique prefinito tempore divinitus septenni temiino, beatus Cadocus illinc ad proprium solum, scilicet Lanncarvan, rcdiit, et illuc habitavit, Sed non est preter- eundum quod quidam Brittannus egregius scolasticus, et scriptor optimus, nomine Gildas, filius Can, callidus artifex, ab Hibernensium finibus, illuc adveniens, cum pulcherrima quadam varia campanula, unius noctis hospitium apud Lann- carvan ab illo suscepit; qui eandem nolam vehementer intuitus, illam pulsavit. Cumque decor et sonus colorque eidem placuissent, pr?elibatum Gildam imploravit quod cimbalum sibi comparare concederet. Renuit ille dicens, " Non vendam, imo super altare Sancti Petri Rome illud offeram." Beatus vero Cadocus inceptis precibus instans, " Implebo illud tibimet," inquit, " denariis." Respuit etiam Gildas secundo oblatum pretium ; et ille addidit, " Prestabo quoque tibi quantum potest capere auri examinati; infi- ciatus est quippe nullo pacto se campanulam distracturum, asserens illam Deo et Sancto Petro voto vovit ; votumque Deo favente redditurum, quoniam sic Salomon ait, "Stulta et infidelis promissio displicet Deo."^ Deinceps peregrinatus est itidem Gildas Romam cum eadem campanula, ostenditque eam Romano Pape, Alex- andro, dicens, " Hanc campanulam a me fabricatam, et ab Hibernia hucusque delatam, Deo et Sancto Petro in ejus- dem altari ofFeram." Assumsit autem eam idem summus apostolice sedis Pontifex, sollicitius eam conspiciens, quo sonum auribus perci])eret pulsare conatur, at ilia nullum sonum protulit; tunc Papa, nimis admirans, clericum in- terrogavit, "Quare tua campanula cum linguam, seu tun- dulum ferreum habeat, nichil sonatur ; ut quid etiam in naturam plumbi versa est, cum sit ferrea ? Indica," inquit, " quo novissime sonuit." At ille respondit, " Domine mi, quidam sanctus vir, Cadocus nomine, degens in Brittannia, me in hoc peregri- nationis itinere hospicio suscepit, qui presentem nolam 60 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. ultime pulsans, dulcifero tono clangere fecit." Cui Papa adjunxit, "Vir, de quo loqueris, raihi olim cognitus fuit, nam hue sejjties, Jerusalem vero ter, pro animarum pa- rentum ot coutubernalium suorum remissione peregre ])ro- fectus est." Accepit rursum Papa nolam, et beuedixit ei, et dixit, " ITanc campanulam a me benedictam et conse- cratam bcato Cadoco reporta, quatinus in liac ore princi- palejusjurandumiiat,atquerefugiumtotiusBi-ittanniefirmum existat; duabus etenim de causis banc campanulam quo- que Brittones verebuntur, quo^ a me sit benedicta, sive quod a Sancto Cadoco erit possessa. Ego namque gentis illius iiicrcdulitatem, rebellemqiie cervicositatem^ audivi, idco([ue banc illam inittam quo per earn fedus et pacem concorditer faciant ; si quis etiam se super ipsam peijura- verit, nisi dignam peniteutiam egerit, procul dubio bic et futuro anathema erit." Istis prefecto ab apostolico prolatis, beatus Gildas sepius memoratum signum recipiens, itaque retrogradum arripiens, illud beato Cadoco a]>ud Lanncarvan consistenti retu]it,eique cuncta que sibi de illo signo ab apostolico injuncta fuerant indicavit. Idcirco itidem avidius quam ante sanctam cam- jianulam admisit, eandemque statim propriis manibus me- lodis pulsavit sonis; que confestim ex se dulcem sonando molodiam edidit, quod prius coram Papam recusavit. As- serunt etiam aimosi Brittonum periti Dominum pro Sancti Cadoci amore per banc noctem duos resuscitasse ad vitam mortuos, testiumque adhuc quandoque resuscitatum tes- tantur, bis etiam humane famine locutam, tercioque locu- tam pronuntiant. 24. De Obitu Gundlei patris Sancti Cadoci. Tgitur accidit ut Sanctus Gundleius beati Cadoci genitor lotalitcr cgrotarctur, misitque quendam servum sunm, vo- calndo Istan, pro filio suo Cadoco, quatinus quamcicius ad se visitandum venisset : qui maturius incedens, ad amnem ' Pro riw, forte. => Pro ptnicaxiam, forte. VITA SANCTI CADOCr. Gl Taam usque pervenit, qui tunc temporis taute profunditatis atque latitudinis extitit quod nemo ilium eques seu pedes tranvadare potuit, nisi prore^ sive puppis remigio subvehe- retur. Nam latitudo fluminis ejusdem ea tempestate a vado Ponugual donee ad coUem^ Morcanti regis protende- batur, qui gentis illius lingua Riu Morgant nuncupatur. Prefatus ergo legatus ad transmeaudum fluvium nullam scaphara repperiens, ad quendam celibem heremitam, Ty- lyuguay^ nomine,* qui trans flumen degebat, voce magna clamavit, medullitus implorans quatinus ad beatum Cado- cum celerius pergens, causam ipsius infirmitatis ei nun- ciaret ; cujus precibus a prescripto lieremita eíFectui mau- cipatis ; beatus Cadocus cum viginta quatuor discipulis ad designati Tylyuguay domum veuiens, illuc eadem nocte cum omnibus hospitatus est. Ivit vero Tylyuguay ex more ad fluvium, gratia piscandi, solebat enim plus, Dei nutu, singulis nrctibus singulos capere pisces ; in ilia plane nocte ad beati Cadoci sodaliumque ejus cenam viginta qua- tuor suo reti involuit. Porro beato viro sitiente, potum sibi petiit impertiri. Ad quern Tylyuguay respondit, " Nullum, domine, liquorem potui istic habemus aptum, et insuper latex procul abest." Cui vir Domini baculum suum porrexit, dicens, " Baculum meum fer tecum, et ubi- cunque tibi libuerit, illius cuspide terram infige, statimque Dominus nostrum ad opus fontem vive limphe manare faciet." Et ita factus est. Ilia siquidem nocte, viro Dei animo artius plura vol- vente, quomodo diliculo flumen transvadaret, Angelus Do- mini apparuit ei dicens, " Fortis animo esto, neque de hujus rei ambiguitate turbidus aut anxius exista, quia Deus auxi- liator est tibi validus; eras etenim cum ad hujus magni fluminis marginem proveneris, virgam in manu accipiens, ter in nomine Sancti Trinitatis amnem, in similitudinem Moisy ductoris Israelitici populi percutiens, dividetque Dominus Deus vobis hunc fluvium, vosque citra eundem ' Propria, V. ^ Proclimm, T. i TJioiraw, T. * In margine, disHpvhm Sand-! Cadoci. 62 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. siccis pedibus transirc faciet." Liiccscente plane diliciilo, beatus Cadocus cum suis universis sociis surrexit, ratani in Domino fitluciam habens, atque cum eis ad supradicti flu- minis litus pergens, inibi angelica jussa complevit. Per- cussus igitur amnis Taam,^ statim dividitur superiori qui- deni j)arto ad montem, inferiori vero solotenus dilabeute fluminis, ad iustar Jordanis in baptismatis Christi ministerio; do quo dicitur, " Quid est tibi mare quod fugisti, et tu Jordanis qnare conversus es retrorsum ?" Transmeantibus autem beato Cadoco ejusdcm comitatu per fluminis alveum, siccis pedibus, supra memoratus Tyl}Tiguay clamavit post eos dicens, " Kare Dei famule, liunc amnem in hujuscemodi statu, imo eum in pristino cursu, quatinus ex eo piscari possit, antequam hinc discedas, resolve ; ceterum si fiieri potest, perpetuo profunditate una cum latitudine illius mi- nuetur, quo per cum pedites transire queant." Oravitque vir Dei una cum clericis ipsius, uti prescrip- tum flumen brevior, ex petitione precantis Tylyuguay, in eternum jiermaneret. Orantibus autem illis, ecce ingens flumen, vcluti torrens immensus ex abruptis scopulis pre- cejis abrum])cns, in modum spumosi pelagi, subito inun- dantis ad oceaimm, precipitanter, usque per solitum defluit alveum ; ast ipsius latitude et profunditas in bodiernum diem minor extitit ; cautem quoque immanem tanquam a tartarea voraginc avulsam, super terram prenominati here- mitai devexit, illoque dercliquit. Hoc cum itidem heremi- cola conspicatus fuisset, Ijeato viro indicavit, quamobrem jussit quatinus ille lapidum cumulus a jn-emissi celicole nomine, Cam id est Rupes Tylpiguay vocaretur. Inde recedens vir venerandus ad suum morbidum gcni- torem pervenit ; qui non minimum in suo adventu exultans, ait ei, " Ego te ad me accercivi quatinus in extremo vite nieam confessionem audias." Tunc beatus Cadocus sibi viaticum eucharistie dedit, suamque confessionem suscepit. Ille vero resumpto spiritu, lilio suo benedicens ait, " Bene- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 63 dictus sis," inquit, " quod pro te misertus est mei Dominus, suaraque misericordiam milii contribuit adipisci ; itaque nunc totam regionera meam, pro qua plures injurias non- nullaque dampna diutius sustinuisti, tibi modo veluti prius coram cunctis astantibus, et meum testamentum Lie audien- tibus conimendo ; quinimo privilegium tibimet istud con- cedo quatinus a fonte, quo brittannice, Fennuan Hen voca- tur, id est a veteri fonti, donee ad ingressum fluminis Naduan pervenitur, omnes reges et comites, optimates quoque tribunes atque domesticos in cenobii tui cimiterio de Lanncarvau sepeliantur. In hoc quippe loco, uullus exceptis exulibus, et mulieribus in partu defunctis sepeliatur; qui autem mandatum hujus privilegii custodierit conservet ilium Deus liic, et in futuro, qui vero non servaverit, de- struet ilium Deus in hoc seculo et in futuro ; et respondet omnis populus, Amen. Defuncto autem Gundleio, beati Cadoci genitore, in suo proprio monasterio, qu«d ab ipsius nomine Brittannica lingua Igglis Guunliu vocatur, sepultus est. Cadocus nempe patris ejusdem exequiis rite honori- fice celebralis, ad propria cum suis clericis repedavit. 25. De submersione sanctorum Barruci et Walees ; Et enchiridione in ventre isicii reperto. Alio tempore contigit ut Beatus Cadocus, quodam die, cum binis discipulis suis, Barruco videlicet et Gualches, ab insula Echni, qui modo Holma vocatur, ad aliam insulam nomine Barran, navigaret ; ubi vero prospere portum appre- hendisset, suum enchiridion, id est manualem librum, apud notatis discipulis petiit ; at illi se oblivioni apud prediges- tam insulam ilium ledisse confess! sunt. Quod ille audiens, compulit eos illico ratem ascendere, necnon retrorsum ad revehendum codicem remigrare, hujuscemodi invectionem in eos cum furore inurens, inquit, " Ite nunquam rediturus." Tum discipuli nuUam moram facientes, ex preceptoris eorum jussu, cimbam materius conscenderunt, super dic- tamque insulam remigrando jietierunt. Prenotato quo recepto voluminc, mox equoreo traraite ad medium usque g4 VITA SANCTl CADOCI. pelagi repedantes, viro Dei in montis apice apud Barren sedente, et illos emiiius in ponti medio conspicante, ex in- sperato versa carina, snbmersi sunt. Corpus vero Barruci a tedido projcctum in littore Barrensi repertum est, atque in eadem insula sepultum,' que ab ejus nomine usque in hodiernum diem nuncupatur. Corpus vero alterius, scilicet Gualees, ad insulam Echni a mari delatum est, ibidemque humatum. Circa lioram quipjie nonam, famulus dei Cadocus corpus depastum jejuniis cibo refocillari gestiens, suos clientes jussit quo sibi pisces ad prandium perquererent, quibus ad amphitritem gratia piscandi euntibus, isicium mire magni- tudinis in arena conipertum, illumque suo preceptori gau- dentcs represcntant, quem cum exenterassent, prelibatum codicem in ipsius visceribus ab omni aquarum lesione in- dempnem et candidum invenerunt; quem vir Domini gratias Deo agcns alacriter suscipiens, quod nicbil impossibile Deo fuisset liquido cunctis declaravit. 26. De Lujiis in lapidibus tranformatis. Aliud non minus mirandum miraculum perfidelis clientis sui Cadoci meritis diviua miseratio patrare dignatur. Cum illius oves apud prememoratam insulam Echni pascerentur, ecce duo lupi de Anglia ad eundem locum natando per- veniunt ; pluribus tandem illuc bidentibus ab eis dilacera- tis, nonnuUis ctiam rapacibus morsibus necatis, versus Brit- tanniam fretum transuatare conati sunt ; qui cum ad illius medium venissent, divino juditio in lapides transformati sunt, qui Brittannico sennoue, Cunbleid vocantur, id est lupina saxa, irritassent ovesque ejus laniasseut. 27. Quomodo Sanctus Cadocus in Cornubia fontem sa- lubrcm precibus de terra produxit. Necdum Dei bonitatem mirabilibus mirabiliora adicere ]iiget ; vcrum ejus clarum vernulam siguis clariorem mira- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 65 culisque celeberrimum humane debilitati remedium atque solatium prebendo libet efficere. Nam dudum cum idem vir illustrissimus de monte Sancti JMichaelis venisset, qui in regione Cornubiensium esse dinoscitur, atque illius pro- ■vincie idiomate, Diusol appellatur, et ibi idem arcliangelus ab omnibus illo adventantibus veneratur estuans ex itinere fatigatus, A'alde sitivit. Locus autem quo hoc accidit ve- hementer aridus extitit ; beatus ergo Cadocus humum ba- culo pepugit, ac continuo illic fons largifluus de solo sca- turiit; indeque tam^ ipsi qui sibi comitantes affati quoque potaverunt, in similitudine Tsraelitici populi sitientes in deserto, cum JMoises virga petram percussit, et fluxemnt aque in habundantiam. Ut autem omnes limpha satiati sunt, dixit ad socios suos, " Oremus, fratres, divinam obnix- ius benignitatem, quatinus cuncti, qui ad hunc sacrum fontem languid! venerint, ex eo diversorum morborum me- delam, Dei gratia annuente, recipiant; et sic nostram fla- grantem sitim, ita corporum venenosas pastes extinguat. Si quis namque egrotus, ab ipso fonte firmiter in Domino confidens bibit, ventris ac viscerum sanitatem reciperet, cunctosque virosos vermes ex se perficiet." Postquam autem Cornubienses crebra sanitatum remedia utriusque sexus apud eundem fontem indeficienter fieri divina pietate conspexerunt, in honorem Sancti Cadoci ecclesiolam juxta fontem edificaverunt. 28. De Fure qui bovem fiiratus est. Igitur contigit quod, quadam die, edihs Sancti Cadoci, quam illo in tempore sepeliarium vocabant de Lanncarvan, imperio abbatis et clericorum necessitate coactus, ad curiam cujusdam reguli, nomine Riderch, ferens secuni evangelium Gilde perexit. Erat quidem eodem die in ilia curia, actio super quodam rustico, qui furto quondam bovem rapuerat, objectum sibi facinus toto nisu negaute. Tunc sepeliarius ad ilium accessit, et suum cultellum non magnitudine par- 66 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. vum subito pro joco niulavit, illumque manu quatiente vibraiis dixit, " O stolide, hie est cultellus Sancti Cadoci, si illo perjuraveris, confestim morte peribis, quia tiia viscera penetrabit." Tunc msticus valde perterritus pedibus illius clerici pronus advolvitur, reatum confitendo dicens, "Pro aiiiore Dei, et Sancti Cadoci, indulge niihi, nam scelus furti in bove perpetravi, quinimo quoque perjurium feci." Quo cognito, rex cum astantibus, evangelio Gilde obtulit, uec uon clerico donativo ditavit, atque furem in servitio cenobii Sancti Cadoci perpetuo mancipavit. 29. De Evangelio Gilde. Cum beatus Gildas in insula Echni Deo ministeriis man- cipavit degeret, missalem librum scripsit, illumque Sancto Cadoco obtulit, quum illius confessor extitit, ideoque codex ille evangelium Gilde vocatur. Ilec est traditio illius vo- luminis. Si quis ex progenie Cynaythuy ipso evangelio peijuraverit, vita ejus brevietur. Et si quis ex clericis Carbani vallis, id est Lanncarvan exiens, necessitate duc- tus, evangelium Gilde gerens ad quempiam ex sobole Cyn- aythuy pervenerit, si forte repperit evmi suam vestem indu- entem, nequicquam sine clerici licentia totam induct, sed continuo illius parendo preceptis semipannus indutus, nu- disque pedibus, secum ad Carbani vallem vadat. Ista quoque est campane varie traditio. Si quis ex prole^ Lyu- thyli super campanam variam mendax jusjurandum fecerit, vita ipsius minuetur, nee hereditate locupletabitur, ast citius morietur. Si quispiam clericorum Carbani vallis, quolibet ncgotio compulsus, campanam variam gestans ad quempiam ex Lyutliyly progenie^ perexerit, si fortuitu ilium vosticntem tunicam sive byrrum invenerit, absque clerici jiormissione liaut ex toto se induat, sed seminudus secum ad Carbani vallem festinus eat. 30. De Commixtiono Jordanice aque in Coriuibiensi fonte, post temporis intercapidincm velle mancipavit effectui. • riác, V. 2 StltjmaU, V. I VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 67 Cupiens almiis Cadocus pcregrinari, limina Sancti Petri visitavit, deinde Jerosolimam, deinceps Jordanice fluenta; ex quibus explevit utrem, deferens secum ad Brittanniam ; allatam sacram aquam posuit in fontem predictuni, qucni in Cornubiensi provincia precibus de solo produxit. Unum per banc positionem atque mixtam sancior extitit ; non- niillos quippe prius sospitati reddidit, ceterum postea am- plius centupliciter curavit. 31. De Conversatione Sancti Cadoci apud flumen Ned. Post intervallum temporis audiens Sanctus Cadocus circa flumen Ned multa loca solitaria, et heremitis convenientia, visitavit ut pcrspiceret, et in eis aliquantulum temporis nia- neret, atque post recessionem suos clericos ibi relinquerct. Quodam die cum circuiret super ripam Ned, vidit aprum sub arbore jacentem ; visum interfecerunt socii ; secundo, respexit apes venientes, et intrantes in cavam arborem ; tertio, accipitris nidum in arboris culmine. Deinde bee talia dona misit regi Arthmailo, qui beato Cadoco dedit licentiam habitandi et possidendi terram illam. "Inde," inquit Cadocus, " Hie aper, atque favus hie accipiter fu- riosus: fertilis iste locus quem diligit ergo Cadocus; leti- ficant inter tanta signa beata petentem ; efficiunt hilarem laudans laudabo datorem, cur non gauderem, dedit atque daturus honorem; hie habitare volo, quia significantia cerno. Noluit ulterius nostros extendere gressus ; desig- nant potius compellunt, hie maneamus; pascet aperna caro aptam venatibus petendo ; mellea dulcedo statuit con- vivia clero ; mensa volatibus quesitis hoste venusto. Nos- tra salubris extitit non morbida tunc sine morbo." 33. De religionis Edificio, quod vir Dei in Armorica construxit. In illo tempore, cum venerande memorie Cadocus Ro- mam adisset, et omnia sanctorum loca per Italiam atque Galliam constituta pergisset, gratia visendi reliquias sancto- rum, contigit ilium advenisse ad quandam provinciam, que Qg VITA SANCTI CADOCI. quondam Armorica, fleinde Lettau, nunc vero Britannia Minor, vocatur. Accepit autem quod illic erat quedam in- sula, neraino inhabitante, in pclago sita, distans a littore per spatium tertie partis unius leuge. Ascendens ipse cimbam cum discipulis suis, portuique tempestive illius soli ajiplicuit. Aspiciens quidem illam decoram, atque feralem, ait suis sequacibus, "Eja! fratres istum, nutu Dei, locum eli"-o, liucque, si vobis beiieplacitum fuerit, morari gestio." At illi respondcntes inquiunt, " Domine, quod bonum tibi videtur, libentius agemus." Construxit quidem illo basili- cam lapidibus elegantcm. Postea vero pontem lapideum artificiose forniceo opere compositum, arcus cemento con- glutinatos liabentem a cementariis, fabricari fecit. His peractis, quadam nocte dum sopori indulgeret, angelica voce sic loqueutem audivit, " Cadoce, servorum Dei fidelis- sime, non licet tibi diutius istuc habitare, verum oportet te velotius repatriare, quoniam clerici tui pro diuturna absen- tia tua non minimum contristantur." Porro matutinis laudibus, ex more, Deo persolutis, cunc- tos ad se monachos arcersivit, eisque suam visionem deno- tavit, dicens, "Agite jam socii et fratres mei," inquit, "in Domino karissimi, nam hie diutius manere non valeo, ceterum modo vobis firniiter jirecipio quatinus constantes perseveritis in Dei servitio." His auditis, amarius flere quoque ceperunt; subrogavit deinceps illis priorem, vice sui, ex discipulis suis, nomine Catgualader. Ut autem dis- cipulis suis benodixisset, licentiamque ab eis abeundi rece- pisset, retrogradum iter cepit carpere, transmigratis im- mensis terrarum superficiebus prospere, meruit ad propriam basilicam de Lanncarvan denique pervenire. Non post multum vero temporis, exierunt monaclii su- perdictc insule, causa prospiciendi pontum magistri sui, absentatione pertcsi, ilium spiritus desiderio oculorumque que prospectu via qua migraverat persequentes, cum illico in ictu oculi eis prospicientibus pons subruet ita rudere ad nicliilum redactus, ceu nunquam factus fuisse. Quo viso, cum maximo Uictu ad ecclesiam regredientes, in terra VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 69 proni corruerunt, tribusque diebus ac noctibus jejunaverunt, Dominum suijer tanto infortunio solatia flagitantes ; tertia vero nocte, vox de celo Priori ipsius loci in somnis dimitti- tur, dicens, "Exaudivit Deus deprecationem vestram pro Sancti Cadoci amore, eras enim videbitis pontem integrum, illesunique consistere." Matutinis plane laudibus decan- tatis, Prior revelationem a Deo sibi patefactam clericis in- dicavit. Tunc quamtocius pro nimia leticia monachi ad intuendum poUicitum cucurrerunt, inveneruntque pontem intemeratum, septiesque robustiorem quam prius extiterat. Cumque diligenter pontem hue illucque conspexissent, re- gressi sunt alacres ad oratorium eorundem, laudantes, et benedicentes Dominum. Hoc per totam illam patriam percrebeseente miraeulo, omnes illius provincie eultores Deo et Sancto Cadoco honorem, et laudem exhibuerunt. Nam beatus Cadocus apud eandem gentem Catbodu vo- catur; ex cujus nomine ilia insula nomen aeeepit, id est Inis Cathodu ; in qua plurima fructuum genera habentur que diversorum morborum medelam conferre dicuntur. 33. De Rustieo, qui busta auditorum Sancti Cadoei illicite conspicatus est. Jamdudum isdem venerande memorie patronus in Al- bania, citra montem Bannauc, venustum lapideo opere monasterium composuit; fratribus eodeni congregatis, Deo devotum in perpetuum famulatum ab eis exhibere consti- tuit. In cujus cenobii porticu quodam corpora trium dis- eipulorum ejus marmoreis bustis condita jacent. Sed nul- lus audet eorundem sareophagos inspicere, nee celebs, aut virgo, sen ordinatus. Fuit plane quoddam foramen foras in pariete portici, per quod reges atque potentes illius re- gionis, si forte magna dissentionis lis inter illos orta fuerit, manus imponerent, sacramentaque jusjurandi faciunt ; si quis vero juramentum illud fregerit, ante illius anni termi- num leto peribit. Convenit autem more solito multitudo plebis in die festivitatis Sancti Cadoci, ad audiendam missam; finita nempe missc eelebratione, quidam insipiens 70 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. rusticus clamore magno perstrepens, iu medio populorum presbiteris dixit, "Viiltis dimittere me ad foramen ut as- piciam per illud?" Respondentes ei dixeruiit, " Vade, et faciat Sanctus Cadocus quatinus signum ultionis appareat in te." Cucurrit ergo temerarius ad foramen, impositaque manu iinum oculum texit, alio namque patulo per fenestram interspexit, dictoque citius, oculiis apertus crepuit, et per nerviira opticum facie tenus depependit. Mox ergo rusti- cus ingentem et lugubrem ejulatum eraittens, ad populi turbas rapido cursu se proripuit. Quo viso, excelsis voci- bus omne vulgus laudes Deo Sanctoque Cadoco persolvit, dicens, " A solis ortu et occasu laudabile nomen Domini." Giravit equidem itidem msticus de loco ad locum, per totam provinciam Lintheami ne erutuni oculum tegens; plures mercedem ei largiebantur, ut eis divulsum ocelli orbiculum ostendenderet. Exin magis ac magis compatri- ote discebant Deum metuere, et cum sancto suo reverenter glorificare. Ceterum quum nimis laboriosum est universa mircula atque prodigia liujus almi patroni stilo digerere, hcc pauca de pluribus devote legentibus sufficiant ; cunctos enim mirandos actus, nemo compos est enucleare nisi ipse Cadocus resurgeret a morte ; nam quemadmodum a Brit- tannia ad Beneventanam civitatem in alba nube translatus fuerit, opere precium duximus calamum divino nutu vertere. Explicit Vita Sancti Cadoci qui et Sophie. Incipit passio ejusdem IX Kal. Feb. in Beueventana civitate. 34. Quomodo Sanctus Cadocus a Carbani valle alba nube Beneventum fuit translatus. Apj)aruit angelus Domini beato Cadoco nocte dominica pulniarum in sompnis, dicens ei, " Deus decrevit te jamjam do terra Brittannie discessurum." Cui beatus vir respon- dens, ait, "Omnia que milii precepta fuerint a Domino pro posse meo libentius cffectui mancipabo, sed quem- admodum hinc discedam pcnitus ignoro." Ad quern ange- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 71 lus, "Cras namque postquam populo tuo evangelizatus es, ad lo?um qui est juxta castelliim tuum, quo solebas post tuam predicationem quiescere, redibis, ibidemque gradum sistens parumpor morabis, illoque subito nubes lucida opeviet te, atque sic super earn in corpore transveheris ad Beneventanam civitatem, utpote Helyas ciirro igneo ad Paradisum ; hoc nempe tibi signum erit ; cum descensurus de nube fueris, Abbas illius civitatis eadem hora honorifi- center in tua presentia sepidture tradetur ; deposito illius tandem pro more Abbatum humato, Abbatem te loco ipsius monachi ejusdem loci substituent. Quamobrem tuum principale oppidum Lanncarvan, cum universis cle- ricis et plebe tua, celibi discipulo tuo EUi in omnium aspectu, commodis, illumque doctorem ac rectorem illis perficis." In eadem vero noete idem Dei nuntius Priori Beneventani civitatis in visione soporis ostenditur, ista in- timans, " Cras plane quidam sapiens clericus nccidentalis Brittannus, servus Dei electus, hue ad vos venturus est, eumque Abbatem super vos ordinari pontifici obnixius sup- plicate, quoniam Abbas vester hac nocte defungetur; ipsum enim elegit Deus ut Abbatis vestri vice vobis subrogetur, Sojihiasque apud vos vocabitur, quia Dei sapientioe plenus est." Surgens ergo matutinus beatus Cadocus, que ab an- gelo ei predicta fuerant, suo virgini karissimo auditori Elli, retulit ; circa horam vero primam, ubi secretins super his que supra tetigi, Elli convenit in dominica die palmarum processionem ex more, cum sanctorum reliquiis fecit, ab ecclesia cum clericis procedens populis se sequentibus, us- que ad rivulum Sancti Cadoci, qui Brittannice Pistill Cat- tuc appellatur ; ibique, ut aiunt, populo desuper aggerem qui est secus eundem rivulum, usque tertiam horam predi- cavit ; circa tertiam nempe sinaxin post predicationem cum omni turba ad suum castellum revertit, illicque substitit suam iterando sermocinationem ; iinito denique sermone secundum angelicum preceptum, cunctos astantes, hujusce- modi verba alloquitur. "Audite me, fratres, sermonesque meos auribus vcstris 72 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. percipite; constituo namque super vos liodie discipulum meum Ellinum, rectorera, atque doctorem, Yosque ilium alacriter suscipitc, et ei liumiliter obtemperantes servite, quuni saiictus est ; nam ego ipse vite mee finis inscius sum." Ellinus quij)i)e solus hujus rei conscius erat, ac hec verba graviter in corde suo ferebat. Tunc imperavit illis omni- bus vir Dei, et ait, "Hoc vobis in nomine Domini jubeo, quatinus nullus mundanus potens rex, neque episcopus, nee optimas de aliqua controversia seu injuria sujier vos im- quam dijudicet ; sed si quispiam vobis quodlibet nefas irro- gaverit, sive quilibet vestrum alium injuraverit, ullus in qualibet alia causa quum quoquomodo super vos dicatur, ex vobismet ipsis judices vestri fiant. Locus autem judicii sub umbra corili sit, quam juxta monasterium ipsemet plantavi, detque suum pignus judicio recto stare, in Abbatis manu in tempore juditii. Abbas vero super aram illud ponat, et judicent verita- tem secundum veram sinodi rationem, et seriem judicialem libri mei qui ego scripsi. Si quis hoc mandatum contemp- scrit ut infregcrit, in arbitrio summi arbitris maledictus sit, ncc diu vivet, neque bonitatis babundantiam iinqiiam in- veniet. Qui autem servaverit, sit benedictus, et augeat illi Deus longevitatem vite, et angelus Domini in omnibus locis comitetur ei." Adhuc ipso loquente, ecce claritas Dei repentc circumfulsit illos, omnesque proni pariter in facies suas super terram ceciderunt, non valentes tanti cernere luminis jubar. Universis itaque in terram caden- tibus, beatus Cadocus in nube alba raptus ab oculis eorum evanuit, illicoque in palpebre motu in civitate Beneventana do inibo desccndcns, inter Abbatem sepelientes visus est ; niiruiiKiue dictu, linguam illorum dono Sancti Spiritus, contiiuio integerrimc novit, ipsique similiter suam; mox iiam(|ue cognoverunt quod ipse erat de quo prius ad Pri- orem angelus locutus. In cadcni siipiidem liora, facta congregatione cunctorum clericorum monachorum nee non plurimorum, una cum cpiscopo civitatis ejusdem. cum communi assensu super i VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 73 illos gratanter Abbatem ordinaverunt, atque Sophiam ilium nuncupavemnt ; viderunt etenim ilium divina sapientia refertum, et quoniam illo nomine eum vocari prius ab an- gelo jussum fuerat. Paulo vero postea itidem magnam partem ejusdem urbis muro vallavit, quam an tea limo terre erecta materia minutatim minis crebrescentibus in ruderis defecerat. Operarii plane laticis inopia laborantes, opusque ob banc rem infectum relinquentes, ad Sanctum Sophiam clamantes dixerunt, "Amodo iiullo modo operari valemus, quia limpham cominus reperire nequimus." Oravit igitur Sanctns Sophias ipsa nocte ad Dominum quatinus illi qui super hac re facturus esset dignaret ostendere. Post ora- tionem autem cum fessos vigiliis artus quiete sompni con- quiesceret, angelus ethere delapsus blande ilium consolatur ne propter hoc mestificaretur, ceterum mane surgens ad murum civitatis pergeret, illoque se largifluum fontem re- perturum ad opus cementariorum predixit. Sanctus quippe, secundum angelicum imperium, diliculo stratus sese impiger excutiens, ad prospiciendum inceptum civitatis murum pro- peranter pervenit, illucque fontem altum juxta murum invenit. 35. Qualiter Sanctus Ellinus beatum Cadocum annuatim visere consuevit. Consuevit autem Ellinus aliquotiens usque ad Beneven- tanam civitatem, gratia visitandi beatum Cadocum, qui et Sophias, proficisci cum quibusdam discipulis ipsius, quorum singulis ejusdem visitationis vicibus ibidem quidam obie- runt, ac in monasterio Sancti Sophie honorifice sepulti sunt ; quorum nempe sepulchra in una serie ordinatim ante altare a pariete ad parietem componuntur. Octo quidem decentissima illorum marmorea busta inibi habentur. 36. Quomodo Sanctus Cadocus in episcopum Beneven- tanum sublimatur. Defuncto itaque civitatis ipsius episcopo, proxima nocte apparuit angelus Domini in visu beato Sophie, precipiens 74 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. ei a Domino quatinus episcopatus ordinem susciperet ; ipsa tjuoquo nocte idem uranitus nuntius Archidiacono, dum indulijcrct sopori, revelavit quatinus sequente die, remota dilatione, Sanctum Soidiiam divina jussione ad pontificatus gradum jjromoverent. Archidiaconus, siquidem una cum clcricorum conventu, plebe coadunata, deificum oraculum angelica revelatione sibi notificatum super Sancti Sophie ])romotione, palam omnibus indicavit. Universis igitur audientibus Archidiaconi sermo placuit, Sanctumque So- phiam unanimiter in cpiscoimtus sede constituunt. Post modicum vero temporis, dum isdem antistes in pre- sulatus dignitate degeret, suamque diocesim mite^ sancte- quc regeret, in \'isu noctis audivit angelum Domini dicen- tem sibi, " En tibimet a Domino datur optio, nunc elige quo exitu banc letalem vitam deseres ad regnum velis mi- grare perpetuum." Respondit illi, " Martirium quum om- nibus coram Domino preciosius est funeribus eligens ad- opto." Ad quera angelus, "Robustus," inquit, " esto corde et animo, quia Deus tecum est ; eras etenim quidam rex crudelis banc civitatem depopulabit; atque dum divina misteria misse celcbraveris, quidam miles ex ipsius com- plicibus, monasterium ingressus, te super aram atrociter haste cuspide tenebrans," trucidabit." Beatus itaque So- phias inde gratias agens Deo, dixit ad angelum, "Promptus sum ad martirium, hac enim nece Dominus noster Jesus Cliristus, et ejus apostoli, noimullique ahi mundum trium- phaverunt, celestisque regni gloriam meruerunt." Exper- gefactus igitur almus Sophias ad matutinas laudes pro more surrexit, dieque lucescente circa primam horam se missalil)us vcstibus infulavit divinum sacrificium celebra- turus. lllo ncnipe missam decantante, ecce prefatus tiran- nus, cxercitu coadunato, suburbanos urbi contiguos devas- tavit, ex quorum cunctis quidam in civitatem predandi causa venerunt. Undo clamoribus, et ejulatibus undique l)i'r civitatem pcrstrcpcntibus ; Sanctus Sophias imp erter- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 75 ritus stetit, neque misse celebrationeni ullum paululum interrupit, quum hujus plage conscius extitit. Tum^ protinus quidam ex equitibus ecclesiam, in qua libavit dominica sacramenta, concito cursu stomacanti furore, intrans, Sanctum Sophiam altari sacro astantem, dominicique corporis et sanguinis salutiferam consecratio- nem libantem, lancea penetravit. Qui statim proprio cru- ore perfusus, oculis ad celum erectis, animam suam Domino commendavit, dicens, " Domine Jesu Christe, accipe spiri- tum meum." Pro suo quoque lictore, ad similitudinem beati Stephani proto-martyris, humiliter exoravit, " Domine, Domine, ne statuas," inquit, "illi peccatum, quum ignora- vit quod egit." Et ad Dominum conversus pctitionem continuando persequitur, " Domine omnipotens, invisibilis rex, Jesu Cliriste salvator, postulationem meam milii presta, Christianos qui habitant in meis locis adjuva, gratiamque corpori meo prebe quatinus universi qui de meis ossibus, sive meorum discipulorum partem aliquam habuerint, -vir- tutes faciant, demones procul depellant, et omnis pestis ab eis eminus absistat. Non fiat infecunditas in fructibus eorum, neque sterilitas in segetibus illorum, at omnium bonorum opulentia locupletentur, et remitte eis crimina sua, quo me venerentur in terris, teque semper glorificent in celum." Et ecce vox ex nube Candida demittitur, di- cens, " Cadoce, famule mi, ascende ad regnum patris mei, et quod postulasti tibi faciam, et non contristabo te, beatus enim es, quoniam mei memor in extremis extitisti. Dico autem tibi, si quis stabat in magna tribulatione, nominis tui memor existens, me pro te invocaverit, ab ilia tribula- tionis angustia liberabitur." Postquam vero Dominus ei locutus est, signo salutifere crucis se munivit, atque in manus omnipotentis spiritum emisit. Et ecce repente coruscatio magna super populum in ejus exequiis devotum, et ad sepeliendum se congrega- tum facta est, ut nuUus illorum eam sustinere pervaleret. 76 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Tulerunt ergo corpus ejus, et liutheis candidis involutum posuerunt in loculo argenteo, et deportaverant ad locum sepulture cum ymnis et psalmis, et canticis, ac multis 1am- padibus, eumque honorifice sepelierunt. Multo plures uamque virtutes post ejus excessum, apud monumentum sarchofagi ipsius extitemut, quam prius in vita illius. Cecis visus, claudis gressus restituebatur, leprosi raundabantur, dcmoncs ab obsessis fugabantur. In ejus igitur honorem magnam edificaverunt basilicam super ipsius venerabile sepulchrum, in quo nullus Brittan- nus intrare permittitur. Quod ideo fit, uti^ ferunt periti Beneventane civitatis, qui futurum est quondam Brittonem ex suo principali monasterio videlicet, et de Lanncarvan a Brittannia illo advenire, et sacrum bumum reliquiarum sui corporis furto inde quandoque auferre, et pro pretiosissimi depositi illius ablationem universas virtutes, totamque gra- tiam ejus sancti, una cum preciosarum reliquiarum corporis ipsius gleba inde ad propriam terram suam, scilicet Brit- tanniani, in qua natus est, apud Lanncarvan demigrare. Quinimo quod gravius et horribilius auditu, constat post ablationem sacrosancti corporis sui, fontem almifluum, quo secus urbem est, quem Deus ad opus operariorum pro ejus- dcm precibus de tellure manare fecit, velut jiontus super totam urbem, et omnes habitatores illius inundaturum pre- sagiunt. Sanctus igitur Cadocus, dum in hac vita viguit, humanam laudem vitans, plura Deo soli cognita, mortalibus autem incognita fecit, quamquidem perseverantiam fruga- litatis illius, et parsimonie, jejuniorum, vigiliarium, oratio- imm, etiam nunquam uUo intercapedinis intervallo pre- teriit. Iste non modo in vita sua miracula gessit, verum et post transitum de hujus seculi fallacis ergastulo virtutum innumera prodigia peregit, patrante Domino nostro Jesu Christo ; qui cum Deo Patre, et Spiritu Sancto, vivit et regnat in seeula seculorum. Amen. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 77 37. De mugitu feretri Sancti Cadoci a quodam pcrcussi, et partientis interitu. Post demigrationom gloriosissimi Cadoci de transitoriis ad perpetua, quidam vicecomes Aiiglorum viribus pervalidus, mmcupatione Eilaf dictus, ad Morcanentium regionem cum magna classe satellitum, predandi, vastandique causa, pervenit ; porro clerici preclari Cadoci accepta illius impie- tatis fama, de Lancarvan fugerunt cum feretro sancti et aliis reliquiis, presidii locum gerentes, usque Mammelliat locum, ibique se abdiderunt. Cumque parumper eo mora- rentur cum feretro et reliquiis, predonum multitude Daco- rum atque Anglorum venit ad eos; qui foretrum intuentes, ambierunt secum transportare totoque iiisu a quattuor ad centum homines illud sullevare temptaverunt, sed nee a loco dimovere prevaluerunt. Exindi bile vesanie coucitati, unus ceteris vecordior otius currens, arrepta fuste valido, illud ictu percutit; quo percusso, ingentem mugitum velut taui-us edidit, et omnem exercitum valde perterruit, sta- timque terremotus in illis partibus factus est magnus. Re- licto tandem ab eis feretro, quidam ceteris infelicior, avi- ditate ductus, pinnaculum ejus deauratum bipenni incidit, et in gremio ipsius occuluit, quod sine mora sinum illius quasi ignis exussit, atque dolore ardoris stupefactum concite pinnaculum in loco suo apponere coegit; qui appositus veluti compactus auri cudore fuisset, firmiter adhesit; quo facto, feretri illius infaustus violator, conspectu totius exer- citus liquefactus est, prout cera ante faciem ignis. Hoc prodigio conspicato, quique pavore stupidi a predictis ex- torres inde repedavervuit; deincepsque libidine predandi loca prememorata patroni caruerunt, nee non et terras ejus- dem vastare desierunt. 38. De Bove in frustis conciso, et elixo rursus vite re- suscitate. Quodam tempore, Margetud, rex Reinuc, ad Morcanen- sium propriam, ut in ea regnaret, cum valida hostium manu 78 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. pervenit; quo cum perventum fuisset, jussit rapinas agere, bovosque ad vescendum ad castra abigere; aduxeruntque ergo centum boves, inter quos erat unus pinguissimus, qui ab opjiidanis beati Cadoci direptus fuerat; quern cum occi- sum in frustis inciderent quo regi esurienti suis quo com- jilicil)us assaturas inde pararent; sed earnes ejus nee carbo- nibus assari, neque laticibus elixari ullatenus quierunt. Quod cum regi nunciatum fuisset, precepit omnes ])remissos boves suis possessoribus reddi. Cum autem cuncti insimul congregarentur, interfectus quem super tetigi bos inter alios integer vivus et incolumis apparuit; tunc unusquisque suum suscipiens bovem, laudautes, et glorificantes Deura in pre- cioso famulo suo Cadoco. 39. De ruptione circulorum ferreorum. Post plurimum temporis quidem intervallum, tres pere- grini circulis ferreis ligati, ab Oriente ad prefati Sancti monasterium in die solempnitatis ejusdem venerunt. Dum- que missa celebraretur, ilia ita ligamina ferrea cuncto j)opulo conspicicnte ruperunt. Quamobrem ut hoc miracu- lum omnibus csset manifestum illos circulos super altare suspenderunt. 40. De Procuratore trucidato, denuoque redi\ivo. Idem igitur Sanctus partem agri cujusdam apud Hiber- nian! super ripam fluminis Limpbi possidet ; quo fidelissi- mum prepositum quendam habuit, qui procaciter segetes Domini sui ne vicinorum armenta illas depascerent, serva- vit. Sepenumero i)lane se proximorum pecora in custodia concludente, Procurator illius provincie furore succensus, coUectus secum centum viris armatis, beati viri procura- torem simul aggrediuntm-, ferientes ergo mutuo ilium om- nes unusquisque siiigillatim uno ictu sui mucronis vulnc- rando, trucidavcrunt, ne unus quidem, sed universi hucus homicidii rci jiariter cxtitissent. Recedentibus autem illis post ejus intcrfectioncm atque retrorsum aspicientibus, ip- siini paulo prius nccatum sanum stantem viderunt; quo VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 79 intuito, festinanter ad eiim cursum direxerunt, circumspi- cientes quemadmodum vulnera tam cito capitis ejus curata fuerunt, quas haut majora quam scirporum livores sanatis ci- catricibus ap2)aruerunt. Tunc omnibus vestigiis ipsius per- volutis sue mortis reatum iudulsit. Discedentes autem inde simul ad regem proficiscuntur, referentes ei cuncta que super hoc miraculo contemplati fiierant. Rex quidem ubi liec audivit, terminos agri istius memorandi paterni dilata- vit, et eum in omni vita sua magnificavit. Testificantur etiam periti Hibernensium qui clunereruut in monasterio discipuli sui beati Finiani degerunt, quod si quis ex clericis Sancti Cadoci iverit ad illos, honorifice eum suscipiunt; et ipsum velut unum ex illis beredem faciunt. Et hoc fertur esse prognosticon justicie eorum, et priscum, si serani mo- nasterii manu tangendo, sine clave reseraverit. 41. De Arboris reflexione sub pedibus jH-edicatoris. Aliquando rex Reinuc, vocamine Cinan, cognomento Carguinu, coadunata valida hostium manu, proposuit inva- dere totam terram Morcanensium ; peractaque strage viro- rum et direptione jumentorum atque supellectilium sibi vendicare. Et admotis castris, consederunt apud ripam magni fluminis Ned; quo comperto rex Morcanti regionis, pavore perculsus, clerum crebrius dicti Sancti euixius flagi- tavit, quatinus cum reliquiis, et area ejusdem patroni, regi Reinuc obviam incederent, illumque suppliciter postularent ne sibi inmerito aliquam injuriam irrogaret. Euntibus autem illis cum reliquiis ad litus amnis Ned, unus eorum proceram arborem ascendens cum varia campanula, ut inde regem alloqueretur, quum pro nimia aquarum inundatione flumen transire nequiverant; tum damans de arboris apice ad regem, predicavit sibi de miraculis almi Cadoci; quo predicante, cepit se arbor sub pedibus ipsius clerici paula- tim solotenus vergere,^ et pontis vice se permeabilem pre- bere, quatinus idem per ipsam ultra flumen transiens, facie ad faciem regi conferret. -igen, T. 80 VITA SAXCTI CADOCI. Quo viso predictus rex pacis presidium omni patrie con- tulit, indcfjue pacifico cum universa exercitus acie ad pro- ])rias sodes repedavit. O vere beatum virum in quo dolus inventus non fuit, nemiuem iiijuste judieans, neminem con- temjinens. Nullus euni unquam nimis gavisum nee valde mestum aspexit, exceptis orationibus horis quibus lacrime cum precibus Deo libarentm-. Nusquam nee eundem ad- versa fregere, neque prospera extulere; nunquam in illius ore nisi Christus, et que sibi causa profectus humane cor- rectionis attinent, nee in corde nisi pax, et patiens cum misericordia pietas. Indies Spiritu Sancto inscrutabatur ea que non sua sed Jesu Christi fuerunt, qui almi pneumatis^ templum electum erat. Et idcirco pro illis omnibus, et ceteris similibus inaccessibili et inestimabili perhenui quo- que gloria quam oculus non vidit, nee auris audivit, nee in cor bominis asceudit, coruscat in celis cum patre, et filio, et Spiritu Sancto, trino et uno, vero Deo omnipotente; cui est honor, et gloria, virtus et potentia, fortitudo et imperium sine fine permanens in secula seculorum. Amen. Nemo potest fari miracula gesta Cadoci; Est quia non solus presens hie more loquendi ; Det veniam Christus, terrarum conditor orbis, Cui scripsit vitam culparum nomine Lifris. 42. -De Genealogia beati Cadoci. Orta est Genealogia bcatissimi Cadoci ex nobilissimis imperatoribus llomanorum, a tempore incarnationis Jesu Christi; Augustus Cesar, in cujus tempore natus est Christus, genuit Octavianum ; Octavianus genuit Tiberium ; Tiberius genuit Caiuni; Cains genuit Claudium ; Claudius genuit Vesjiasianum; Vespasianus genuit Titum; TitusgenuitDomi- cianum ; Domicianus genuit Nerouem, sub quo passi sunt apostoli Christi Petnis et Paulus. Nero genuit Trajanum; Trajanus genuit Adrianura; Adrianus genuit Antonium; Antonius genuit Comnioduni ; Conmiodus genuit Äíeobum; VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 81 Meobus genuit Severum ; Severas genuit Antonium ; An- tonius genuit Maucanum ; JMaucanus genuit Aurelianum ; Aurelianus genuit Alexandrum ; Alexander genuit Maxi- mum; Maximus genuit Gordianum; Gordianus genuit Philippum ; Pliilijjpus genuit Decium ; Decius genuit Gal- ium ; Gallus genuit Valerianum ; Valerianus genuit Cleo- patram ; Cleopatra genuit Aurelianum ; Aurelianus genuit Titum; Titus genuit Probum; Probus genuit Carosium ; Carosius genuit Dioclesianum, qui persecutus est Christi- anos in toto orbe. In illius enim tempore beati martires Al- banus scilicet Julian, Aaron, aliique plures martirium passi sunt. Diocletianus genuit Galerium ; Galerius genuit Con- stantinum magnum, filium Helene; Constantinus genuit Constantium; Constantius genuit Maximianum, cum quo milites Brittonum exierunt a Brittania, et occidit ipse Gra- tianum imperatorem Roman orum, tenuitque imperium totius Europe, et iion dimisit pugiles, quos secum a Brit- tania adduxit, repatriare propter strenuitatem illorum, sed tribuit eis plures provincias et regiones, quippe a stagno quod est super verticem montis Jovis, usque ad civitatem, nomine Cantguic, et usque ad cumulum occidentalem, id est Cruc Ochideint, atque ex illis equitibus orta est gens que vocatur Lettau.^ Maximianus itaque genuit Ouguein; Ouguein genuit Nor; Nor genuit Solor; Solor genuit Gluigius; Gluigius genuit Gundleium; Guudleius genuit beatissimum Cadocum, de quo nobis sermo, 43. De repetitione Genealogie Sancti Cadoci. Repetitia est Genealogia, materies ejusdem Sancti ex ])arte patris ipsius de optimis prosapiis regum Hibernien- sium, Biscetbach genuit Brusc; Brusc genuit Urbf; Urbf genuit Aulach; Aulach genuit Brachanum; Brachanus genuit Gladusam matrem Sancti Cadoci. Hec Genealogia Gladuse parte matris ejus, de genere regum Moreauentium, atque Mecumentium. Anna quam dicunt periti consobri- 82 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. nam esse Marie virginis, matris Jesu Christi, geiiuit Beli ; Beli autom gcnuit Abattacli ; Abattach genuit Baallad ; Baallad gemiit Oudoleiin ; Oudolenn genuit Eudos ; Eudos geiiuit libiud, Ebiud genuit Outigirim; Outigirim genuit Oudicant; Oudicant genuit Ritigurinum ; Ritigir genuit Ilimctcl ; Rimetel genuit Grat ; Grat genuit Urban ; Ur- ban genuit Teilpuill ; Teilpuill genuit Teuchuant ; Teuch- uant genuit Tecmant ; Tecmant genuit Guotepauc ; Guo- tepauc genuit Coillien ; Coilhen genuit Guorgust ; Guorgust genuit JNIerchiaun; Merchiaun genuit Cimmarch ; Cim- marcb genuit Ilenninni filiam suam ; Henninni genuit ]\Ieuric ; ISIeuricus genuit Erbie ; Erbie genuit Yrb ; Yrb genuit Idnertli; Idnertb genuit Teitpall; Teitpall genuit Teudiric ;^ Teudiricus qui est niartir eíFectus in Guent, scilicet Merthir Teudiric qui genuit Marcbell matrem Gla- duse, Gladusa vero genuit almum Cadocum. 44. De Genealogia vero Gladuse matris Gundleu regis, genitoris venerabilis Cadoci, a superdicta mulieri iterata. Anna quippe geiuiit Beli ; Beli genuit Abellach ; Abel- lacli genuit Baalad ; Baalad genuit Euguem ; Euguem genuit Brithgueni ; Brithguem genuit Dubunn ; Dubunn genuit Oumuid; Ouniuid genuit Anguerit; Anguerit ge- nuit Amgoloit ; Amgoloit genuit Guordubn ; Guordubn genuit Dubn ; Dubn genuit Guordoli ; Guordoli genuit Doli; Doli genuit Guoreing ; Guoreing genuit Ceint; Ceint genuit Tacit; Tacit genuit Patern peis rudauc ; Pa- tern genuit Etern ; Etern genuit Cuneda ; Cuneda genuit Credic, Credic genuit Guaul matrem Gunleii, Gunleius autcm genuit sanctissimum Cadocum. 45. De constitutione canonicorum Nautcarbanensis ci- vitatis. Sanctus Cadocus coustituit XXXVI Canonicos, qui as- sidue et regulariter servirent ecclesie Nantcarba Tciulur,']:. )anensi VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 83 quoniam ipse funditus, electione Dei et liominum, secun- dum divinum propositum fundavit, et totidem atria, in qui- bus liaberent canonici sua edificia, et totidem particulas de agricultura, in quibus stabant octoginta jugera, que voca- bantur, ab antiquis temporibus, atriorum propria, que cole- bant hortolani qui liabebant curam in pomeriis et hortis componendis atque in hospitiis custodiendis, et insuper toti- dem villas a quibus liabebant necessaria indumenti et victus. 46. De possession ibus predictorum canonicorum. Primum Atrium deserti, quod est proprie Abbatis, cum villa Tremgueithen . Atrium benigni, quod doctor possidet cum particula agri in Castello. Atrium appositum corilo, quod est sacerdotis, ubi Sanctus Cadocus habuit habitacu- lum. Atrium Aidanbloch cum particula Nioysgurthin, cum villa Ulteriori Pennon. Atrium album quod nuUus incertus debet visitare, in quo Sanctus Elli, alumpnus ejus, et suc- cessor habitavit, cum particula Crucygreif cum alia proxi- miori et majori Pennon. Atrium coquine cnm particula agri eundo ad dextram versus Talcat Ian, cum villa Pen- crychgel. Aliud Atrium coquine cum particula agri id est Cayricoc cum villa, Pellussen. Atrium consulatus cum particula juxta Talcathlan, cum villa Talpontymit. Atrium Tremycrucou cum Tremycrucou. Atrium Tremlecb cum particula ultra crucem, et villa Tremlech. Atrium Samso- nis cum particula Cymmyoucyti. Atrium Elphin cum villa Cestilldincat. Atrium Chincencoh. Atrium pistrine cum villa Nantbucelis. Atrium Talcatlan que est proprie Ab- batis. Atrium Curci sacerdotis cum particula Cair A rthan, et villa Pencrycgel cum Pistilcatuc. Atrium Arguistel cum particula Ygrestyl et villa Hentrem dymbrych. At- rium Nestree cum particula ultra fossam Pulltavus cum villa Brinsychan. Atrium Eida cum villa Trefhenun. At- rium Cair guicou cum villa Ecclussilid. Atrium Albryt mab Cynuyt cum villa Alt Cynuit. Atrium Cyndrayth cum particula Nantcyncar et villa Pencrycgel, et Cilbleingurth. 84 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Atrium Ellybr cum villa Ellibr. Atrium Crucinan cum villa Crucpilia. Atrium Medgarth cum villa Medgarth, Atrium Caerydicycit cum villa Cairdicit. Atrium Cynblust, siuc parte ecclesie, cum villa Celli dremiauc, id est Nant Carthay.^ 47. De {jartium distributione. lu primis dabantur sex partes, Abbati prima pro domi- nio ; Secunda Doctori pro doctrina ; tertia Sacerdoti pro saccrdotio. Et quod remanebat, dividebatur cqualiter Clero secundum numerum Prebendariorum, exceptis qua- tuor, scilicet sepeliario, et tribus legatis, qui servicbant clero cum reliquiis quocunque deberent mitti, qui nullam commuuionem liabebant in clero nisi in particulis et in ci- bis ; scd homines qui ad ecclesie refugium veniebant, re- meabant de refugio, dabant eis suam dignitatem, ovem videlicet cum agno, aut quatuor nummos. 48. De more dccimationis. Quicuiique decimaverit, debet dividere in tres partes ; primam dabit confessori ; secxindam altari ; tertiam oranti- bus pro eo ; pars autem altaris dividitur sicut prediximus. 49. De more testamentorum. Si quis languore gravatus commendare noluerit separatim, commendet secundum possibilitatem suam confessori suo prius pro ea ecclesia et vigiliis ; et partes ecclesie, et vigili- aruni dividuiitur sicut prediximus. 50. De conversione Gunliu. Sciendum est quod in diebus Gunliu, fuit quidam sacer- dos i)rcclari nominis Catocus, filii premissi Gunliu; orat autem idem beatus Catocus perfectus in fide, serviens Spi- ritu Sancto cotidie, se exerccns in Sanctis evangeliis Christi. Ceterum prefatus Gundliu pater hujus carnalibus illecebris ' Drumaiic, id est X'antcarihcn, T. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 85 deditus, satellites sues sepius ad raiîinam, et latroeinia iu- stigabat, penitusque contra fas etque jus degens, vitam plerisque nevis^ inquinabat. Beatus iienipe Cadocus edifi- cavit ecclesiam suam in quatuor fundamentis, justicia, pru- dentia, fortudine, tcmperantia. Evat autem hoc monasteriuni plenum choris psallentium, legentium, orantium ; quos Sanctus Cadocus indesinenter divinis eloquiis, Saucto Spiritu sibi cooperante, ad deitatis obsequiuni, et ad mutue carita- tis ofRtium, indigentibus misericordie opera impendendo, accendendo. At ubi vir Dei Cadocus, pravos proprii geni- toris actus altius ingemiscens sibi condoluit, fidelesque nuntios ex discipulis ipsius, Finniannum videlicet, Guava- num, ac Ellinum, quatinus eum ab omni errore malignitatis- que nequitie converterent, atquo divinitatis manciparent obsequio, direxit. Qui diligentius convenieutes, eum una- nimiter cum senioribus commonuerunt ilium, quatinus diabolo, pompisque ejus et sceleribus renunciatis penitendo resipiscens, consilio filii sui Cadoci se credcret, Deo etiam et sibi commissa confiteretur. Quod audiens Gladusa con- junx ipsius compuncta Spiritu divinitatis, inquit, "Creda- mus filio nostro, eritque nobis pater in celo," Respondens vero Gundliu, ait, " Quicquid dixerit mihi, faciamus, et quo- cunque voluerit, vadam." Convenieutes itaque Cadocus cum monachis Gundliu vero cum senioribus, nee non et Guladus mater Cadoci, consiliis ejus otius adquiescentes, eidem Cadoco, uterque scilicet Gundliu et uxor ejus delicto- rum confessionem cum satisfactione penitencie fecerunt. De cetero Gundliu in hunc modum omnes affatus, " Quicun- que fuerit de genere meo, serviet Cadoco in vera pietate, universique qui in mea terra deguerint, post obitum eorum in cimiterio ejus sepelientur." Et ait Cadocus, " Peniten- tiam agite, appropinquat enim regnum celomm ; ego enira preparabo vobis mansionem in celestibus." Et protinus can- taverunt psalmum, "Exaudiat te Dominus in die tribulatio- nis," usque in finem. Testes sunt Gundliu cum senioribus Catocus cum monachis et alumpnis suis. 1 Venis, T. 86 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 51. Do profoctionc Gundliu et uxoris ejus. Post aliquanti tcmporis intervalkim, Gundliu et uxor ejus voto iiercgrc profecti sunt in Tlielucli; venitque nun- tius a Deo ad Cadocum ut ad proprios parentes veniret, eisque consuleret quo veram pro delictis penitentiam age- reret ; qui maturius jussis divinis obtemperans, parentes ut id agercnt sacris admonitionibus animavit. Indeque^ Guladus mater ejus edificavit sibi ecclesiam in Pencarnou; Gund- liu vero mox^ aliud monasterium construxit, ibidemque Deo faraulantes instituit ; exinde utque parens Cadocum invita- vit, quem venientcm devotius susceperunt ecclesiasque supradictas quas sil)i construxerant, ei dederunt, ac uni- versa que habuerunt sue ditioni tradiderunt. Nullus harum ecclesiarum propositus erit, nisi ex familia Cadoci viri Dei, uter ipsius consensu et permissioni. Et dixit Gundlius, "Quicunque disruperit de genere meo, et de senioribus Gundliauc, malcdictus erit iu eternum." Cadocus cum suis monachis testes. Censum uter pensionem istarum ecclesi- anmi nullus accipiat nisi familia Cadoci, neque propositus sive princeps in eis erit, nisi electione aut constitutione familie ejusdem Cadoci. 52. De gladio, quem Tewdwr dux dedit Sancto Cadoco. Sciendum est quod Theudor filius INIourici dedit gladi- um vestimentumque Catoco, et familie ejus quatimis emc- rent terram in sustentationem ejusdem. Conige Yoro Abbas altaris Sancti Cadoci tribuit gladium ilium vestimentumque Spois, et Rodrico pro villa cui nomen Conguoret in Pen- cenli, qui conccsserunt banc Cadoco et ejusdem ecclesie possidendam, jure perpotuo, qua annua pensione persolvere- tur permisso Conige, ac prelibate familie per manum Spois et filiorum ejus in eternum, novem modios cervise, panem quoque, carncm ac mel, et ut ista possessio libera et qui- ota foret ab onniibus servitiis et exactionibus terrenorum ' Ibidcmqw, T. a jf„-, j^est, T. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 87 regum. Isdeni Spois, filius Curhiter, impertitus est, cum tres vaccas Guornemet, unam prefatus Rodri teiiuit car- tam ; sive grapliium super manum Connige abbatis Nant- carbanan in confirmationem liujus donationis. Postea vero conveneruut Rodri et Spois ac filii ejus, Conige, etiam et clerici ejus attulerunt crucem Sancti Cadoci, et liuraum ejus, et circueuudo predictum agmm Conguoret, illudque vendicaverunt, et prescripti Sancti humum in signum per- petue possessiouis, super ilium coram idoneis testibus con- sperserunt.^ De laicis testes Rodri, Guornemet, Guoguoret, Hoilbiu, Howhoer, Coelbiu ; de clericis Samson abbas alta- ris Sancti Eltuti, Conige abbas altaris Sancti Cadoci, Plossan, Atern, Jouan, Minuocioi, Brenic et familia Sancti Cadoci testes erant. Qui conservaverit, conservet ilium Deus; qui fregerit, maledictus erit a Domino. Amen. 53 De parte agri, quam Brannoguid dedit monasterio Sancti Cadoci. Sciendum est quod Brannoguid, filius Febric, dedit dimi- diam partem agri Idraclis pro auima sua, et ut nomen ejus in libro Catoci apud Nantcarban scribetur, Deo et monas- terio Sancti Cadoci; et ipse quidem Bronnoguid et tres filii ejus Guedan et Guobrir, et Meuc tenuerunt scriptum graphi super manum Conige principis altaris Cadoci, in sempiterno donationis jure Deo et Sancto Cadoco. Annu- vis etenim illius agri census perpetuus est tres modii cervise, et panes, et carnes, et mina mellis; hec enim Bronotguid et tres filii ejus, cognatio illorum annuatim debent persolvere familie Cadoci, usque ad diem judicii. Hujus pactionis testes sunt Bronnotguid dominus fundi, et filii ipsius, Guoidan, Marcant, Junemet, Conige abbas, Elionoy, Bre- nic, JNIannocioi, Beduan, Plossan. Qui banc donationem servaverit, custodiat ilium Deus, et qui fregerit, maledictus erit a Deo. Amen. 54. De penitentia Seii pro interfectione duoruni nepo- tum suorum. 88 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. Post intervallum temporis occidit Cuan Biinry^ duos vires filios sororis ejus, Atgau scilicet et Aiduerth; quam- obrcm vciiit Cadoc et Eltuith,- et maledixerunt Cuain, ve- runi coactus veiiit Cuan et reges cum eo ad presentiam Cadoci ct Eltuti, confessusque est eis scelera sua. At illi dixeruntei, "Redime culpani liomicidii." Respondit Catlen, dicens, "Dabo agrum, uoniine Lanhoitlan^ Cadoco ; pen- sio ejus duo vasa sex modiorum cervise, cum pane et carne ct melle, secundum solitam debitam debiti mensura." IMercliiawn vero dedit villam, videlicet Conhil Eltuto, at- que tria vasa, qui sex modios cervise continebant ; unum quodquc vas cum agris consecrantes prefatis Sanctis in per- pctuam elemosinam contulerunt. At illi satisfactionem Euan^ suscipientes, XIIII. annos penitentie injunxeruut ei. Cujus fecti testes fuerunt, Cation, Merchiaun, Euan,^ Cetliy, Catman, Hoitlon, Virgo, Cadoc, Finian Seoctus, Eutcgyrn lector; familia quoque Cadoci atque Eltuti testes sunt. Quique custodierit benedictus erit a Deo, et qui- cunque frcgerit, maledictus erit. 55. Quomodo Sanctus Cadocus construxit ecclesiam ]\Iacmoillo discipulo suo. Sciendum est vobis quod Cadoc construxit ecclesiam Macnioillo, disciimlo ejus, eamque munimiue vallavit, ac in cadcm altarc composuit ; quatinus illo liospitaretur quum iret ad Guent, ac cum rediret ; dimisitque JMacmoillum in ea Priorem, atque admiuistrationis totius Procuratorem. Pijllicitus est ergo Cadocus regni premia celorum cunctis qui cjusdem ecclcsie possessiones agris seu pecuniis aut elemosinis auxerint. Testes sunt super hoc Cadoc et clerici ejus Pachan, Detiu, Hoduan. Quicunque custodierit bene- dictus est a Deo ; et quicunque frangerit maledictus, erit a Domino. Amen. 5G. Dc agro Pencarnau, (juem Gwallouer dedit Sancto Cadoco. 'A>n/,T. =//(,„/, T. ^L„nhordo,i,T. * leuan.T. VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 89 Sciendum est sane quod Gwallouer donavit Deo, et Sanc- to Cadoco agrum Pencarnoy, pro anima sua in sempiternum, usque ad diem Judicii; Gwallouer,^ autem banc villam com- mendavit Judnou filio suo, quatinus ipse et lieredes ipsius servirent familie Cadoci sumptibus bujus agri propter ipsos; census bujus agri est novem modii cervise, panes et carnes, et melle. Quinimo quocunque clerici Cadoci vobierint manducare aut" bibere, videbcet in Basseleg, sen in Pencar- noy, prefatus Judriou cibaria et potionem que prebbavimus afferet ad illos. Hujus pactionis testes sunt, Pauhis abbas Nantcarban, Guenlion frater ejus, Tbuiuc, Canopoi, Tanet, Hierbritb, Mirbitr, Concum. Quicunque custodierit, custo- diet ilium Deus, et qui fregerit raaledictus erit a Domino. Amen. 57. De parte agri, quam Retone dedit Sancto Cadoco. Significandum est quod Retone dimidiam partem agri, juxta Civitatem Legionis, Deo atque Sancto Cadoco, perjie- tuo jure possidendam, quam ilium heridetario jure con- tingebat, tamen qui ad Herbic devoluta fuerat eadem ab illo emit, et Deo et Sancto Cadoco tribuit. Cujus rei sunt testes, Herbic, Curuuet, Cogale clerici. De laicis Guornet, Guedguon, Guedqui, Sonus, Alderreg. Qui custodierit sit benedictus ; qui violaverit sit maledictus. Amen. 58. De agro, quem Temit dedit Sancto Cadoco. Sciendum est quod Temit dedit agrum, id est de Agro Crucin, altari Sancti Cadoci, in perpetua possessione, cum filiis suis, in tempore Pauli abbatis de Nantcarvan, qui an- nuatim VI modios cervise et panibus, et carnibus familie Sancti Cadoci jugiter persolvit. Testes sunt. De clericis Guonan, Älatganoi, Soy, Brenic, Elionoe, Pill lector. De laicis vero Cingrat, Guedhoc, Elinniu, Rimogcat, Branoc, Cunliape. Quicunque servaverit hac oblationem, conservet ilium Deus ; et qui abstulerit confringet ilium Deus. 90 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 59. De villa Cradoc, qviam Gueiigarth dedit Sancto Cadoco. Sciendum est qod JMorcant rex venando venit ad ripam fluminis Nadauaii, et jecit accipitrem super anatem; et am- bo simul, accipiter et anas flumen volatu transmeaverunt. Et subito veniebat aquila de ripa maris, ut raperet acci- pitrem. Quod ut vidit Morcant rex valde contristatus est. Ast conciti alumpnus regis veniens, nomine Guengarth, eques cum scuto et gladio ac lancea se in flumen proripuit, et accipitrem a raptu aquile non modico viriliter eripuit, verum etiam lejioriter accipitrem cum anate ad manum Morcant regis attulit, illumqe tali facinore non minimum letificavit. Quocirca dixit Morcant Guengartho. " Ecce tribuo villam Cradoc in jus hereditarium habentem longi- tudinem ab urbe Trotguid usque ad flumen Nadauan, et latidudinem a fonte Guengarth usque ad alium fontem Guengarth." Eodem die Morcant et Guengarth perexer- unt ad quoddam territorium Cadoci, et tribuit Guengarth Deo ct Sancto Cadoco censum prescripte ville Caradoc pro anima sua et ])ro anima Morcanti regis, scilicet singulis annis XII modios cervise, et sextarium mellis debitum quo- que pan em et carnem. Insuper etiam idem Guengarth dedit Conmogoy Hipiclaur^ gladium suum deauratum pro anima sua, quod habuit precium LXXta vaccarum. Quare consuluit Commogoy Guengardo, quo gladium ilium ]\Ior- canto prcstarct, ut ille donationem Guengardi confirmaret su])cr pago Cradoc, quod et fecit. Qua de re Morcant pre- libatam donationem ratam habuit, at que scripto corrobora- vit sujier manum Sullen, ilia illinc fore liberam et quietam ab omni terreno servicio, vero funditus obsequio Dei et Sancti Cadoci obnoxia. Uncus rei testes sunt, Morcant sui)er Beipsum, ut nullus hujus territorii procurator extat nisi Guengarth ct hercdes illius. De clericis, Sulien, Commogoi, Danoc, Guorgethen, Legan, Elo-uou; de laicis vero Guin- VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 91 guevi, Jacob, Boduan, Elguan, Curhitr, Cuncuan. Quicun- que custodierit, benedictus erit, et qui fregerit maledictus a Deo et a Cadoco. Amen. Notiim sit omnibus pro mutabilitate temporum, et suc- cessoribus hujus mundi regum, quod Elli alumpnus beati Cadoci, ab ipso diligenter a priraeva etate educatus, ac sa- cris apicibus apprime institutus, illique cunctorum discipulo- rum suorum carissimus. Et asseruit ille dicens, " Ecce ego construxi ecclesiam et domos in nomine Domini, et ipse, cunctique successores mei familie Cadoci erimus obedientes subjecti atque benevoli familie Cadoci. Dedit etiam Elli prescripte familie perpetua pensione singulis annis cibaria per tres noctes in estate ac totidem in liieme, cum gratiarura actione et leticia, orationibus, et hymnis spiritualibus; ver- um etiam in substituendo administratori ejusdem ecclesie, Abbas cenobii Catoci preses semper erit et auctor. Ceterum si contigit quod Catocus atque successores illius cum illorum clientela minime venerint, dentur illis duos boves ad recog- nitionem subjectionis et societatis. Unum convenientes ad monasterium ille pactionem banc cum pacis osculo confir- mavit, in conspectu Elli justa crucem que est in via multis nota. Hujus rei sunt testes, Cadoc, Elli, Cleopas, Samson, Jacob, Boduan, Conachan, Mach. lerunt unusquisque ad locum suum de benedictione in benedictionem. Amen. GO. De agro, quem Terengual dedit Sancto Cadoco. Sciendum est quod Terengaial dedit agrum Lecguoidel Deo et Cadoco, qui annuatim persolvit Cadoco et familie tres modios cervise, et panes et carnes, et si forte cervisa caruerit, reddet ITIIor modios trtici, aut clamidem album. Hanc elemosinam dedit Terengual Deo, et Sancto Cadoco liberam et quietani ab omni regali et terreno servitio, pro animam suam, et pro animam Morcant. Inde testes sunt, Jacob propositus altaris Cadoci et familia ejus, Conmogoi, Connul, Joseph, Brunonoi, Catgen. De familie Eltuti testes, Morcant, Gualunir, Guidgen, Guengarth. Finis hujus agri est a Pull Tenbiub usque Dirprisc. Quicunque servaverit benedictus sit, et qui violaverit maledictus erit a Deo. 92 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. CI. De villa Rcarth, qiiam Guorcinnim dedit Sancto Cadoco. Notum sit omnibus quod Guorcinnim emit yillam Reatlir a Mourico inproj)riam hereditatem progladio,cujuscai)ulum deauratum precium XXV vaccamm appreciatum. Imper- titus est quoque Concennio, Pauli filio, equum in precio (piatuor vaccarum preciatum, etiam trium unciarum vesti- mcnti Commoro, autem quondam equum optimum Con- cenni filio sed et Andreso Morcanti filio gladium in preci- um quatuor vaccarum; item idem largitus est precium quatuor vaccarum Judnertho, INIourici filio ; unamqe bovem Cornounano nutritori suo et aliam vaccam procurat( ri regis Guengartho ; post banc ergo emptiouem tenuerunt JNIouric et Concen grapbiam carte super manum Guorcinni in sem- piternam hereditatem sibi et ejus progeniei. Ipse vera Guorcim dedit banc villam ecclesie Sancti Cadoci in perpe- tua possessione usque in diem judicii ; tenuitque cyrograpb- um donationis super manum Jacobi, abbatis Carbani vallis, pro conimemoratione hujus elemosine, coram idoncis testi- l)us, quorum noraiua subsribuutur, Eudoce episcopus, et Cethig propositus altaris Sancti Dogwini, Jacob propositus sive abbas altaris Sancti Cadoci, et familie ejus secum. De familia Eltuti, testes sunt, Conmoc presbiter, Comnil ma- gister, et Joseph presbiter, Biuone, Catgeni De laicis, vero Mauricus, ct filii ejus, Andrus, Guedgen, Bramail, Concit filius Ermit, Guorbis filius Berran, Geintoc, Assail, Arcon, Guallimir, Judhol, Äíatton, Eliudus, Hilou; omnes testes sujier banc donationis conscriptionem. Predicta namque villa Rcarthr competebat Mesioco hereditario jure, cui Guorcin- nim equum prestitit ut huic concessioni adquiesceret, ha- bcntcm precium trium vaccarum. Qui hoc temeraverit, malcdictus erit a Deo. 62. De agro, quem Cambelin dedit Sancto Cadoco. Sciendum est quod dedit Conbelin agrum Lisdin Borrion vocatum pro commercio rcglii celcstis, cum corpore suo, Deo, VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 93 et Sancto Cadoco, quod ei annuatim persolveret sex modios cervise, cum pane, et carne et melle. Testis et Couigc, qui super manum suam scripsit coucuum cyrograplium. 63. De terra Lancatwalader, quam Guoidnerth dedit Sancto Cadoco. Notificandum est quod dedit Guoidnerth Lann Catguala- der Deo, et Sancto Cadoco, quatinus quot annis trium mo- diorum cervise illi persolveretur, cum omnibus debitis, propter fractricidium germani sui Mercliiun, at que tandem reddibus dedit Docwinno. Super hoc, testes fuerunt Berth- guinus, episcopus ; Conmil ; Terchan, et cougregatio ejus ; Sulien abbas Nant Carban ; Lumbiu, presbiter ; Biuonoi ; Jonab, et congregatio Sancti Cadoci ; Saturn, princeps al- taris Docgwinni ; Morcant ; Quoidnerth. Quicunque serva- verit, benedictus erit, et qui temeraverit, maledictus erit a Deo. 64. De terra, quam Mauricius dedit Sancto Cadoco. Ostendcndum est futuris pro tcmporum mutacionibus, et regum successoribus, quod Mouricus rex dedit partem agri pro anima sua, qui vocatus Insule Tuican, ac due partes agri qui proprie fuerunt Gorbrith et Cassoc, nee non et sor- oris sue pariter Sule, super quibus Mouricus rex grapliium conscriptionis tenuit super manum Jacob alibatis cathedre Sancti Cadoci, ut ipse liberas et quietas faceret ab omni censu, et ab omni cakimpnia, et omnibus servitiis, excepto famulitio Sancti Cadoci. Quapropter post bee dedit Jacob equum Mourico regi, at ille largitus est iHum Guodgeu filio BrocmaiH. Hujus rei testes sunt Jacob, abbas ; Rumceneu ; Catthig ; et patres eorum Commogoc, Conmil, Guorgeneu ; Beuonoc ; Catgen ; Heargin ; Crasgell ; Cutegurn , Guit- lon ; Sulien, clerici. De laicis, Mouricus super ipsum so- lum, et super filios suos a generatione in generationem ; Guedgan filius Brocmail ; Guallunir ; Guorcinnim ; Guor- bes; Morceneo; JMorhoen. Hi sunt testes super hoc pactum, ut non solvetur in eternum. Dein Mouricus rex confir- 94 VITA SANCTI CADOCI. mavit banc rlonationem super altare Sancti Cadoci coram senioribiis suis. Quicunque conservaverit, benedictus erit, et qui dissolvent raaledictus erit a Deo. 65. De Obcecatione Malguni Regis. ]\Ialg'onus niaguus, rex Brittonvim erat, qui imperavit toti Brittannie, de qua persolvebatur ei aunuatim centum vaccas ex singulis pagis, cum totidem vitulis, cujuscumque generis elegissent; videlicet sive mares, sive femines, non sponte sed vi ; vencrant itaque exactores regis INIailconi ad colli- gendum tributum usque Gunliuc, et rapuerunt Abalcem nomine, pucllam speciocissimam, filiam Guiragon jirefecti Sancti Cadoci, secumque tulerunt. Super quam factionem, consanguinei puelle indignati, caballos sues ascenderunt cornibusque insonuerunt. Quod audientes omnes viri bella- tores cjusdem civitatis, surrexerunt persequentes eos, percus- seruntque trecentes viros, excepto uno, qui nunciavit regi que facta fuerant Quo audito, rex bile furie debacans, cum magno exercitu causa ulciscendi se, pervenit ad locum, qui vocatur Crucglas. Perrexit etiam Sanctus Cadocus cum omnibus babitatoribus^ Gunliuc, regi obviam, et dcs- cendit in loco, ubi est fons Brutrov, jejunavitque cum uni- vcrsis sibi comitantibus. Älisit ergo JNIailconus nuntium suum Argantbad ad beatum virum, precipiens ut redderet lu-cciuni virorum iuterfectorum apud Riucarn ; qui se pretia nullatcnus pcuditurum respondit, nisi vero Dei et bominum juditio. Rex" autem judicium respuit; ilia vero nocte re- velatum est ab angclo sancto viro Moucano, quatinus regem a sua cnulelitatc probiberet. Qui quoque angelico eidem manifcstata oraculo regi declaravit. Ille ncmpc monita sua funditus sprevit. Diliculo quippe rex castra movit ad cxercondam stragem illicoque obcecatus est, ncsciebatquc ergo gressum dirigerit; delegavit itaque nuntids, Maucanum scilicet Argantl)ad, ad Sanctum Cado- ouni, iusinuans ci quod sibi accidisset, obnixiusque postulavit VITA SANCTI CADOCI. 95 quo se visitare dignaretur, amissumque lumen ei restitueret. Vir antem Domini renuit donee veniret ad confessionem. Venit ergo rex ad eum concedens sibi cuncta que ab eo popociscet ; beatus igitur Cadocus permittus a rege, petiit refugium sibi dari in civitate Gundliauc a se et a sua pos- teritate, simile refugio Sancti David in Rosina valle. De- ditque beato Cadoco refugium uti flagitabat, et exhibuit illi equum et gladium quo cingebatur, nee non aurea vesti- menta, quibus induebatur, atque gubernatorem sibi ilium suscepit ; pepigit namque rex Mailconus cum Sancto Cadoco et ejus successoribus pactum sempiternum, dicens, "Siquisex genere meo hoc fregerit, maledictus erit; omnis qui residuus fuerit ex mea progenie, veluti ultimo fratri auxiliabitur genti tue de Gunliauc." Benedixit tandem rex Mailconus cum suis optimatibus, et beatus Cadocus, cum clericis ipsius omnes qui custodierint banc pactionem, et e converso, cunc- tos qui non servaverint, unanimiter maledixerunt. Vir itaque Dei indixit regi traditionem suam, hoc est trecentum quinquaginta vaccas pretium uniuscuj usque opti- matis ex progenie sua. "Quodcuncque comparaverit quisquam ex stirpe mea de Gundliauc a rege sibi in hereditatem sempi- teniam, sit illi sine ullo censu. Quicunque vero emerit quid ex mea prosapia in regione Glewisicg, extra terminos Gun- liauc, sit sibi jus hereditarium perpetuum, reddetur tamen precium et census." Rex autem indicavit alterutrum beato viro suum pignus. "Qui ijerimerit quemque ex genere meo terra ejus parentibus interfecti sine ullo censu tribuatur preciumque ejus, natalibus illius reddatur. Advenam qui fugerit ad refugium Gunliauc, siquis percusserit, reddit cen- tum vaccas secundum judicium ; si vero negaverit, tribuat jusjurandum sexaginta virorum." Sanctus quoque Cadocus tradidit spacium refugii septem annos, et septem menses septemque dies, atque noctis unius hospicium in domum uniuscujusquo viri per totum pagum, et postea dimittatur de refugio Gundliuc ad quodcunque voluerit aliud presidium. Sanctus iterum Cadocus contes- tatus est, dicens, "Siquis ex progenie mea comprehensus 9Q VITA SANCTI CADOCI. fiierit absque consensu ducis generis sui, dimittat eum illesum cum sua substantia ; si auteni ex consensu ducis compre- henditur, in custodia teneatur, donee ipse eum solvent; nullum ctiam tributum a mea prosapia regi reddatur, ex- cej)ta collatione pecorum post septem annorum revolutionem; et reservet sibi dux tertiam partem, duas autem regi con- tribuat. Si quis vero leserit ducem generationis de Gun- dliauc, sive sanguinem ipsius affuderit, commissum non reddatur nisi de terra et auro et animalibus ; et quicunque precium mortis cujusque de genere meo, regi reddiderit, si- mili modo si percussus fuerit, gratia regem^ reddatur. Viri namque raei generis, si lesi fuerint, aut iuterfecti, reddatur vacca cum ovc juxta precium anime; si autem ex progenia Brittonum quisque peremtus fuerit in refugio Guudliuuc, reddatur j)recium anime ejus, ut in sua terra; si quidem cxul quis fuerit de stirpe Guunliuuc eodem modo reddatur. Sanctus quidem Cadocus mandavit consanguineis suis, "Si dux vir fregerit hoc pacti testamentum, abjicite eum, et al- terum ex genere suo eligite, qui custodierit. Si non potu- erit inveniri, eligite ex alieno genere." 6Q. De Testibus Sancti Cadoci. Testes de conventione refiigii, quam beatus Cadocus fecit cum rege Rein, avunculo suo, filio Brachani avi ipsius, qui in vita viri Dei prescribitur, hie sunt. De clericis, David, Cheneder, Eliud, Iltut, IMaidoc, Cannon; de laicis testes Gober, Meliat, Chelcni, Chunleith,^ Chumurth,* Aman; item de genere Cadoci testes, Cinmur, Etelic, Luiper, Seru, Poul.^ ' Pro /T^/, forte. ' Ciinlet/i, T. a chimcrOi dccst, T. ■" Paul, T. J IV. INCIPIT VITA SANCTI CARANTOCP CONFESSORIS, XVII. KAL. JUNII. O^fltfraitìía est hec solempnitas omnibus hominibus in ^ Deo credentibus; quando assumptus est in celura beatus Carantocus, Ceretici filiiis, qui ex chore ircinis parentibus altus est secundum dignitatem seculi ; tarn facile est gene- rationem illius deducere ad Mariam, matrem Domini, quo nemo inter reges Britannorum alcior babetur. Sed ad regna terrestria tendere noluit ; ab annis pueritie habuit innocen- tiam ; et postea abut in speluncam Edilu, legitque lectiones canonicas de nova et veteri lege. Deinde pen-exit ad Hiberniam insulam, Patricio antecedente ; isti autem con- venerunt unatim, et collocati fuerunt unatim : ut dicitur, " Ecce quam bonum et. q. t. h. f. in unum." Consilium au- tem fecerunt inter se quomodo agerunt, et dixerunt ut separarentur, unus ad sinistram, et alter ad dexteram, quia multi clerici ambulabant cum illis, ullus unusquisque pari- ter pretium quod requireret sanitatem. Et perexit Caran- tocus ad dexteram partem, Patricius autem ad sinistram, et dixerunt ut convenirent una vice in anno. In istis temporibus Scotti superaverunt Brittanniam; nomina ducum quorum Briscus, Thuthaius, Älachleius, Anpachus, XXX annis; annum nativitatis Sancti David, 1 Ex. Lib. Cott. Brit. Mus. Vespasian, A. xiv. "-Wallice Caranor/, 98 VITA SANCTI CARANTOCI. iilii Sant, bene Carantocus susceptus est in Hibernia. Non est enim difficilis Deo dneere servos ; angelus Domini com- mittabatur secum in fig^iu-am columbe, et mutavit nomen ejus in lingua eorum, Cernath. Et exaltate sunt ecclesie, et civitates sub nomine ejus in regioue Legen ; et quocun- que esset virtutes et prodigia faciebat innumcrabilia ex uu- tu Dei; Sanavit multa hominum millia varus doloribus impleta, cecos, claudos, lunaticos, atque his similia. Quern Deus summis sedibus ditavit, et merccdibus, regnaturum felicibus cclorum cum principibus. Bcati Cernaclii opera leguntur in Hibernia, per totam patriam, sicut leguntur in Roma beati Petri apostoli prodigia, perfectaque vita equaiis a])ostolis ; ut legitur " Ite, docete omnes gentes ;" et gratia qua; data est apostolis, in illo impleta est. "Quecunque solveritis super terram, erint soluta et in cells ; et quecun- que alligaveritis super terram erint alligata et in cells." Talis itaque est timendus, et adorandus qui potens est in excelso throno ex bono opere, et potens salvare corpora in terris ab omnibus languoribus, fortis fuit et fidelis, in pace ministrabilis ; mirum namque in modum consimilis fuit angelis ; sub presentia soils fortis miles, mirabilis, spiritualis summus abbas, longanimus preceptor iidelitatis, justitia nuu- cians omnibus justis, preco regni celestis. Vixit per annos multos incrcdulus peccatorum, crimina dimisit ut merentur omnes sedem in summo poll, gratias Deo referens ; preces- que per dies singulos atque noctes innumeras fundebat fer- vciitississimas, sanctas, atque saluberrimas. Hie est earns Cernacus adjutus, quijipe cclitus, ac ditatus divinitus Dei magnis muneribus, cui nullus interitus prefecit hominibus. Invenit vero gratiam labore magno quesitam, piam atque purissimam signatam per parabolam lucerne lucidissime, cum pastor ecclesie candelabra mirifice aurea continebat ccclsiastica. O pastorem plenissimum septem optimum, sanctum et pudicissimum, Petri opera sequentem in sede apostolica, Paulumquc in doctrina, deducens multas regi- on es ad fidem. Sanctus Carantocus deduxit regiones Hiber- nensium invites cetibus magorum, cum regibus honoratus. VITA SANCTI CARANTOCI. 99 Et postea venit iterum ad suam propriam regionem Kerediciaiin, ad suam speluncam cum clericis multis, et ibi multas virtutes fecit quas enumerare aliquis non potest. Et dedit ei Christus altare honorificabile de excelso, cujus nemo intelligebat colorem ; et postea ad Sabrinam amnem venit, ut navigarit, et misit altare in mare ; quod et prece- debat ubi Deus volebat ilium venire. In istis temporibus, Cato et Arthur regnabant in ista patria, habitantes in Din- drartliou ; et venit Arthur circuiens ut inveniret serpentem validissimum, ingentem, terribilem qui vastaverat in duode- cem partes agri Carrum ; et venit Carantocus, et salutavit Arthurum, qui gaudens, accepit benedictionem ab illo. Et interrogavit Carantocus Arthurum, utrum audisset ubi ap- plicuisset altare suum ; et Arthur respondit, " Si habuero precium, nuntiabo tibi ;" et ille dixit. "Quid peractum pos- tulas;" ille respondit "Ut deducas serpentem, qui in prope est tibi, si servus Dei es, ut videamus." Tunc beatus Ca- rantocus perexit, et oravit ad Dominum ; et illico venit ser- pens cum sonatu magno, quasi vitulus ad matrem currens. Inclinavitque caput suum autem servum Dei quasi servus obediens domino suo humili cordi ; et levis oculis. Et de- dit stolam suam circa collum ejus, et deduxit ilium quasi agnum, nee exaltavit pennas neque ungulas ; et erat collum ipsius quasi collum tauri septem annorum quod vix poterat stola circuire. Deinde perexenmt una ad arcem, et saluta- verunt Catonem; et bene suscepti sunt ab eo. Et duxit ilium serpentem in media aula ut cibaret ilium coram po- pulo et conati sunt occidere ilium. Non reliquit eum occi- di, quia dixit quod ex verbo Dei venisset ut deleret pec- catores, qui in Carrum erant. Et ut ostenderct virtutem Dei per ilium ; et postea perexit extra portam arcis, et Carantocus dissolvit ilium, imperavit illi ut discedens, nemi- ni noceret, nee reverteretur amplius; et exibit, hesitque annon, sicut dixit ordinatio Dei. Et acceptum altare quod cogitaveret Arthur in mensam facere, sed quotquot apponebatur super illam, jactabatur in longinquo. Et postulavit Rex ab illo ut reciperet Carrum 100 VITA SANCTI CARANTOCI. in scmiMtorno Graphyo ; et postea edificavit ecclesiam ibi. Postea vcnit vox illi de celo ut mitteret altare in mare ; dein misit Catoncm, Artliunim ut interrogarcnt de altari, et nunciatum est illis quod in ostium Guellit appulerat; et dixit Rex, "Iterum date illi duodecim partes agri, ubi altare invcntum esset." Postea venit Carantocus, et edificavit ibi ecclesiam, et vocata est civitas Carrou. Venit autem vox illi de celo, et dixit ut in exilium pergeret, et relinque- ret familiam suam. Hie innumeri sepulti sunt in istam ci- vitatem, nee nomiua illorum nominantur; et ille solus pcrexit ad Ilibemiam insulam, et sepultus est XVII kal. Junii, in civitate sua paiclara, et optima pre omnibus civi- tatibus suis, que vocatur civitas Cbernach. Et migravit in pace, et pacem reliquit, et pacem invenit, ut legitur, "Beati pacifici, quonam filii Dei vocabuntur." Et iterum propbeta dicit, " Preciosa in conspectu Domini, mors sanctorum ejus." JNIemor fuit quod carnalis bujus mundi substantia, fragilis est, omnia quamvis modo sint pulcbra tamen corrup- tibilia. Tubulo valde extitit contraxius, multos liomines lucratus. " O vere vita beata, O Dei digna donorum. O vere vir bcate, in quo dolus non fuit, neminem judicans, ncmiuera contempnens, nulli malum pro malo reddens, sepe flebat pro blaspliemantibus, qui manet sine macula cum gaudio et gloria inter augelorum agmina in secula seculo- rum. Amen. Quodam tempore fuit vir, nomine Keredic, rex erat, et liic vir ba])uit multos filios, quorum unus erat Carantocus nomine, filius Keredic, mab Cuneda, mab Ethern, m. Patern l)os Rudauc, m. Tacit, mab Kein, m. Guorcbein, m. Doli, m. CJurdoli, m. Domn, m. Guordomn, m. Amguoloid, m. Am- gucrit, m. Omnid, m. Dubunn, m. Britguenin, m. Eugen, m. Avallacli, m. Canalech, m. Beli, et Anna mater ejus, quam dicunt esse consobrinam Älarie virginis. Cuneda igitur filios, habuit. Tipipaun primogenitus, qui mortuus fuit regione, manu Gudodin, et non venit buc, pa- ter Sims Cuneda et fratres sui. Sed Mertaun filius ejus divisit posscssioncs patris sui inter fratres suos. Secundus VITA SANCTI CARANTOCI. 101 Ismael, tertius Kiimaun, qiiartus Dunaun, quintus Keredic, sextiis Abalach, Septimus Enmaun, octavus Dogmaili, nonus Etery. Hie est terminus eorum, a flumine quod vo- catur Dobyr Duis, usque ad aliud flumen quod vocatur Guoun. Et tenuerunt plurimas regiones in occidentali Britannie. Keredic autera tenuit Kerediciaun, et ab illo nuncupata est. Et postquam tenuerat, venerunt Scotti et jiugnaverunt cum eis, et occupaverunt omnes regiones. Keredic autem senex erat; et dixerunt ei seniores, "Senex es, domine, tu non potes dimicare, oportet nos unum ordi- nare Regem de filiis tuis." "Quis est senior?" Dixerunt "Ka- rantoc." " Oportet ilium esse regem." Karantoc autem plus diligebat regem celestem terreno regno, et domini sui vo- luntatem quam liumanam favorem. Et ille postquam au- divit, fugam iniit, ne invenirent eum. Prius extunc melio- rem baculum cum sarculo a quodam paupere ; et venit in locum qui dicitur Guerit Carantauc, et mausit ibi per aliquod tempus, et voluit illic orare Deum ; et quando esset, et cum operari voluisset, Yenit columba traxit omne quod radebat de baculo cotidie. Et ille dixit. " Domine, quo trahit?" At- que pepigit in mente, " Vadam, ut videbo quo trahit hoc." Et surrexit quo ibat per silvam, per saltum. Venit columba, descendit in loco ubi est ecclesia hodie, et dimisit illic. Et ille vidit et dixit, "Hie oportet me esse, quia Deus voluit." Et mansit per aliquod spatium, ubi devotas Deo persolvit gratias. V. liirljfìiìi Drai lant. VMA YTREITIIIR O ACII DEWI, AC DALYM OE VUCHED.i iHîlbpÌJ vab Sant, vab Kredic, valj Kuneda, vab Edyrn, vab "^*-' Padarn Beismd, vab Deil, ab Gordeil, vab Dwfjn, vab Gordwfyn, vab Amgnod, vab Amvferyc, vab Oiiiyt, vab Pom, vab Dublin, vab Ougen, vab Avallach vab Eugen, vab Eirdolen, vab chwacr Vcir Wyry, mam lessu Grist. Keredic vi'enhin a wledycbawd dalym o vlenyded, ac oe enw cf y kavas Keredygyawu y henw ; a vab a vu idaw, ac enw y mab oed Sant ; ac y hwnnw yd }Tndangosses angel yn y hun, a dywedut wrthaw, " Vory,"^ heb ef, " ti ey^ y hely, a thi ageffi tri dyvot geyr Haw* avon Deivi, nyt amgen Karw a Gleisiat, a Heit o Avenpi y mywn prenn uch penn yr avon, yn y lie a elwir Henllan yr awr lion ; dyro dylyer y tir y vab ny anet etto, efo brenvyd deu lo byt dyd brawt y rei adywcspwyt ucbot Linhenllan a Liconiiiancan."'' dyna y doetli Padric byt yg Glyn Rosyn, ac ymedylawd dwjTi jaio y vuched , ac angel adoetli att Badric, ac ady- wawt wrthaw, "A daw di," heb ef, " y lie hwn y vab ny anet etto." Sef aoruc^ llidiaw a dywedut, "Paham y tremyg- awd yr Arglw7dd y was, a vu yr yn vab yn gwassanaethu idaw drwy ofyn a charyat, y ethol o honaw ynteu yr awr ' law ysgrif }ii y Llyfrfa Brydciniaidd, a nodir Titus D. xxii. wedi ei chymani âg ysgrif yng Ngholcg yr lesu yn Rhydycben, a ddynodir yma â'r Uythyren R. ''Avor>f,H. '>Aeÿ,R. *Qtrlar.,R. " Yliry gadie >jvab,R. ' Licomanam, R. 7 Aonic Padric, R. MuíTiìuaDM p 135 "Vabyöi3B]b ftait.iia()kercòic.\jab Ktiufìa.\)abei)ŷm.\)abíHì»iti Jtcifrub.\ìab ^ib I Qb^j»ìfeil.\)ab ò6Ç>n \)ab jgtwob^n.vab atn^- odvab ftttiìèetpr i>öb otrat,t)ftbf:m.\)ab òubunìîab oivgvii.tiab tallad).ìj0b ciigçn^tìb eurbílm.'beb Ẁëûer \)eir viavrp ^11«^" w- iijovifl". iBrŵr\jrenl)rnaûlfelcò)>d;fìobbaW»oVkuvöẃ. - ûc mò ff)>l?afts krrcòt|Vö6a^ljmG.a niât öbn ilaó.ar mb ;; laboeoffttit uy\fẅ. ìi^yòj^mítìiígiíÛbáÿTl/ü^ìjim.flòylBíòntbf aí). Uí^I/eb cfti cvy W.fltijt âj^tn ^y uotfe/r ilfló flVon öfiui Vtaiu^pri Karlfe a^laf tójt.abcit olfeeiiyn ^nyẃn iy.omiVíf) pmn^^r iion.viivwafli^irjjmliati^rflwrlicuu.'tcj/robylyct'ytii yt)âb nv* let ctto efo bif uyò baíln íjyt öyd l^Ròt ^tíi abylbcTpbyt ud/ot bü- eiî/ífln âliro tmtantan.iiDbyaa vMljpii^c bby^yfj'Ti ro íyn ac \x\MyẄ òû^n )>uô V vutljeo.iira^l flìbrtf aéHtq:Hr araòylbaór rtl^aO.Äí«Oòi{)eb eFylIfl[^6n^\iabuy anrt-rtto.SíPa^iif IIíîHaû $ ẃaífanaftfítnîW) òjiüy ofyu acíaryat uet^oí al|jatift6^ttfwiyr aör 0« tttftbi^ anrt: ar uy emr ijiyt-ymixn ípowíynẁ örijuftfmt.ar 'nihwftoi ffaxHc^Boiimtino ei)un arfllf6^Üp(|Vnuó^rflrglÉ5yì) nfì-. ar at^Ií vò eií&OfB ajsifiin bi^r^n vww- âc amnoní»;îa^ rl at- íU> oe òhÎjiiîbG. ar rtôtlaíjyi^O viiÿB^,:pí ^ir \j^ tetw flijgr toani âTrjioitf$i,aíhrtüjybini9;T)a^íf/)'iiyji»frò^ ^^ò ^f ^utohrì ar aiSwvA^awiioi «fttbüa ^^ic \myÁ tía ijyby ebftiHj/tyr -yn^' a\^ely ötatjn ûMẃe^ Ia\fefr )mô ir kaTvit ittb a ím^a vjẁ)/jg)^atì;i htíjbyun arai^iel^/rfi.ar^ia^munyi)^ tTìẁbl]tiyrar^gẃeí^1Jíò;nryUì^i)/nc]|)ŵi uí. a ji^arattoi [lòg-.^iw!t)îi!)lûeòiÌÄÍ afl^uûb\ oì)arGjûẃ' ajjlabyiTit^iia ar yw^iia 'vrẃwtlj?rw"íyurò.cruíljiçr ocDv ^tv5".au)>»nerâ^uv. |tt^r/y Jt^ctíon. ítr j3fẃl)ŵtt\í5)^r ár íéÉtl)6jm(rj9<)íòyJjyuy Awmûb.aryiu:fta;)^b?fînl^níòmt)ii0mitj^tì)^ÿ^'-^ )?() ocài; 1^2fnl/tti aŵôif fiatyfi'hírìçt ehan.tiacl)af let'an^k -yuRruflt ar rf^f aotur^^nttuymotiAel fU;i. a bbwitrtt« írtnrt. BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 103 lion mab ny anet, ac ny enir hyt ympen degmlyned ar hugeint." Ac ymbarattoi aonic Padric yndaw e hun at adaw y He hwunw yn Arglwyd Grist ; a'r Arglwydd eiseoes agai- rei Badric yn vawr, ac anuones agel attaw oe duhudaw ; a'r agel adywawt wrthaw, " Padric byd lawen, yr arglwyd a'm anuones i attat ti y dangos ytt ynys Iwerdon o'r eistedua yssyd Glyn Rosyn, (ac elwir yr awr lion Eistedua Padric) kanys ti a vydu ebostol yn yi* ynys a wely di ; a thi adio- defy lawer uno yc karyat^ Duw, a Duw a vyd ygyd athi, bethbynnoc awnelych." Ac yna yllonydwyt medwl Padric, ac ygedeweis Padric y Dewi y lie hwnnw, a pharottoi llog^ yn y borthloed idaw ; a chyuodi o varw gwr a gladassit yno ar y morua yr ys pymthec mlyned, Cruchier oed y enw. A myned aoruc Padric y Iwerdon a'r gwr hwnnw ygyt ac ef, a hwnnw gwedi hynny a vu esgob. Ac yn pen y deg mlyned ar hugeint gwedy hynny, val yd oed y brenhin a elwyt Sant yn kerdet ehun, nachaf leian yn kyuaruot ac ef ; sef aoruc ynteu ymauael a hi, a d\¥yn treis arnei; a'r lleian agafas beichogi; enw y Ueian oed Nonn, a mab a anet idi ; a Dauyd a roet yn enw arnaw ; a gwr ny bu idihi na chynt na gwedy, diweir oed hi o uedwl a gweithret. Cyntaf ^ gwyrth a wnaeth Dewi, or pan gafas hi veichiogi; ny mynnawd hi vwyt namyn bara a dwfyr yn y hoes, ac ny lewes Dewi vwyt namyn bara a dwfyr. Eil gwyrth a wnaeth Dewi; ae vam yn mynet yr eglwys y wrandaw* pregeth Gildas'' Sant. Gildas a dechreuawd pregethu, ac nys gallei, ac yna y dywawt Gildas, " Ewch oil o'r eglwys allan," heb ef, ac elchwyl profi pregethu aoruc, ac nys gallei; ac yna ygovynnawd Gildas, A oed neb yn yr eglwys onyt efo ehun. " Ydwyf i yma," heb y lleian, "rhwng y dor a'r paret." "Dos di," heb y Sant, "odieithr yi* eglwys, ac arch y plwyf oil dyuot ymywn." A phob un a doeth y le y eisted val y buassei ; ac yna pregethu aoruc y Sant yn eglur, ac yn ' garyat, R. = Llong, R. ^ Kyntaf, R. ^ Yijann Gildas, R. 104 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. uchel. Yna y gouynnawd y plvvyf idaw, " Paliam iia elleist di pregethu yn iii gynneu, a nirraeu yn llawen yn damunaw dy wrandaw di." " Gehvch," heb y Sant, " y lleian ymywn a jTreis i gynneu o'r eglwys." Heb y Nonn, " Llyma \j\i" Heb y Gildas yna, " Y mab yssyd^ yg croth y lleian lion yssyd vwy y vedyant, ae rat, ae urdas no myui, kanys idaw ef eliun y rodes Duw breint a pliennaduryaeth holl seint Kjanry yndragwydawl, kyn dyd brawd a gwedy. Ac am hynny," heb ef, "nyt oes ford y mi y drigyaw ymma liwy, o achos mab y lleian racko yr hwnu a rodes Duw idaw pen- naduryaetli ar bawb o'r enys^ honn ; a reit yw i mi," heb ef, "vynet y ynys arall, a gadaw y'r mab hwnn yr ynys hon." Gwyrth arall a wnaeth Dewi yn )t awr y ganet ef. Ef a doeth taraneu a mellt a charreg a oed gyferbyn a phenn Nonn, a holies ynyxii yn deu banner, ac y neidyawd y neill banner idi dros ben y lleian hyt is ythroet pan ettoed hi yn esgor. Gwyrth aralP awnayth Dewi pan vedydwyd. Efa ymdangosses fynnawn o'r dayar lie ny buassei fynnawn eiryoet ; a dall a oed yn dala Dewi wrth vedyd, a gafas yna y olwc ; ac yna y dall a wybu vot y mab yd oed yu y dala wrth vedyd yn gyflawn o rat Duw; a chjTnryt y dwfyr bedyd aoruc a golchu y wyneb ac ef. Ac o'r awr y ganet dall wynebclawr oed, ac yna y olwc a gafas ; a chwbyl o'r aberthynei arnei, sef a wnaeth pawb yna moli Duw val y dylyeint. Y lle^ y dysgwyt Dewi undaw, a elwit Vetus Rubus, sef yw hynny yngkpnraec, Yr Henllwyn ; yno y disgwyt idaw ef seilim yr holl vlwyddyn ae llithion a'r offerenneu ; yno y gweles y gytdisgyblon ef colomen a gyluin eur idi yndisgu Dewi, ac yn gwareu yn y gylch. Odyna ydaeth Dewi hit att athro a elwit Paulinus, a disgybyl oed hwnnw y escob sant a oed yn Ruvein ; a hwnnw a dysgawd Dewi yn y vu* athro. Ac yna y damchweinawd colli o athro Dewi y lygeit, o dra gormod dolur yu y lygeit. A galw aoruc yr athro atto y holl disgyblon ol yn ol y geisiaw y ganthunt ganhor- >ny, K. ■'ì-Hÿs,H. "ArulUwrvcH. -TMyH,, K. <■ llymvj vn, &. BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 105 thwy am y legeit ; ac nyt yttoed yr un yii y allel idaw ; ac yn diwethaf oil galw Dewi aoruc, "Dauyd," lieb yr athro, "edrych fy llygeit, ymaent ympoeni." "Arglwyd athro," lieb Dewi, "nac arch y mi edrych dy lygeit ; yr ys deg mlyned y deuthum i attat ti y dysgii, nyt edrycheis etto yth wyneb."^ Sef aoruc yr athro yna medylyaw, a ryuedu y kewilyd a dywawt y mab,^ " Kanys velly y mae," heb ef wrth y mab, "dyro dy law ar vy wyneb i, a bendieka ve llygeit, a mi avydaf boll iach." A phan rodes Dauyd y law ar y lygeit ef ybuant hoU iach. Ac yna bendigawd Paulinus Dauyd o bop bendith a geffit yn ysgrifennedic yn y dedyf hen ac yn newid. Yna y doeth agel at Paulinus a dywedut vrthaw ual byn, " Amser," heb ef, " yw y Dauyd sant vynet odyma y wneuthir y pethau yssyd dyghetuen y gan Duw idaw eu gwneuthur."^ Odyna y doeth* Dewi hyt yg Glastynbri, ac yno yd adeilawd ef eglwys. Dewi a doeth yr lie yd oed dwfyr yn llawn o wenwyn, ac ae bendigawd, ac a wnaeth y dwfyr hwnnw yn dwym yn hyt dydbrawt, a hwnnw a elwir Yr Enneint Twpnyn. Odyna y doeth Dewi hyt yg Kowlan, a hyt yn Repecwn ; odyna ydoeth y CoUan, a Glasgwm ; odyna yd adeilawd Llanllieni yg glan Hafren; odyna y rodes gwaret y Bebrawc, brenin Erging, a oed yn dall ; odyna adeilawd eglwys yg Gwent, yn y lie a elwir Raclan ; odyna yd adeilawd eglwys yn y lie a elwir Llangyuelach yg Gwyr. Deu sant a oeddynt^ yg Kitweli a elwit Boducat, a Nail- trim, a ymrodassant yn disgyblon y Dewi.*^ Odyna yd jm- choelawd Dewi hyt y lie a elwit Vetus Rubus, ac yno yd oed esgob a elwit Goeslan, a hwnnw a oed vrawt fyd y Dewi ; a Dewi a dywawt wrthaw, "Agel yr Arglwyd y dy- wawt y mi mae o vreid y da vn o gant o'r lie hwn y deyrnas nef ; ac y dangosses y mi He arall, ac o'r lie hwnnw nyt a neb y uffern, or a vo fyd da a chret gantaw ; ac or rei a glader ym mynwent y lie hwnnw heuyt nyt a neb y uffern." \Vi/neb oil, E. '■' A ryuedu y mah a dijtoediit, R. ' I aaneut/ii/r, R. * Deuth, R. 5 J (,j,,_ R_ 6 /(ia,(,^ R. 106 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. A dydgweith y doetli Dauyd ae disgyblon, nyt amgeii, Aedan, ac Eluid, ac Ysmael, a llawer y gyt ac wynt yr lie' a vanagassei Duw udunt ; nyt amgen yn Glyir Rosyu, Hod- nant y gelwir y lie hwnnw. Kyntaf y lie y dan yr awyr y kynneuassant wy tan vu yno ; a phan gynneuasant wy y tan yno y bore glas y kyuodes mwc ac y kylcliynnawd y mwc hwnnw yr ynys lionno oil a llawer o Iwerddon; a Lynny or bore glas hyt bryt gosber; ac yna yd arganuu ty w}'ssawc a ehvit Boya, ac yscottoed y mwc hwnnw ; ac o lit eisted aoruc mywn creic uchel o'r bore hyt bryt gosber, heb \\yjt a heb diawt. Ae wreic a vedrawd arnaw yno, ac a ovynnawd idaw, " Paham na mynnei na bwyt na diawt." "Dioer" heb ef "trist wyf a llidiawc, mwc a welais hediw yn kyuodi o Hodnant ; ac yn kylchynnu llawer o dinassoed; y gwr," heb ef, " a gynneuawd y tan hwnnw, y vedyant ef, a gerda y ford y kerdawd y mwc." Heb y wreic wrthaw, " Yr wyt yn ynuyt, kyuod yveny," heb hi, "a clipner dy wyr^ y gyt athi, a Had y neb y gynuyawd y tan hwnnw ar dy dir di heb dy gennat."^ Ac yna y doeth Boya, a esgwiereit y gyt ac ef, ar vedwl Had Dewi ae disgyblon : a phan doe- thant parth ar He yd oed Dewi, ydegwydassant yn y cryt hyt na ellynt wy wneuthur dim drwc^ y Dewi, nac y dis- gyblon, onyt en gwattwar a dywedit geirieu tremegedic yn eu kyucir, ac ymchoelut adref. Ac val y bydynt uelly, nachaf Avreic Boya yn kyuaruot ac wynt, ac yn dywedut wrthunt, " Ynbugelyd ni a dywedassant y mi ryuarw yn holl ysgryb,'' nyt amgen yn gwarthec a'n ychen, a'n greoed, an d)'ueit, ac eu bet holl yn veirw, ae Hygeit yn agorct, ac yn kwnaw ac vdaw a griduan ; aoruc Boya ae wreic au dy- hvyth a dywedut, " Y sant," heb wynt, " y buam ni yn y wattwaru a wnayth hyn," sef y kawsant wy yn eu kyngor gwediaw y sant a cheissaw y vod ef ay dylwyth. Ac yna y rodes Boya yu dragywdawl Hodnant y Dewi. Ac ym- choelut adref aoruc Boya ae dylwyth ygyt ac ef ; a phan 'J/ÿti/llíhcdJi>r,lube/,H. "lliftyfìlynyR. ^ Weissoìi,R. *Ga)mÿat,R. <• JJrKC yn ij'btjd, i\. '• YsijTijhijl, R. BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 107 doetliaut adref Avynt agawssant eu haniueilet yn vuw, ac yu iach. Ac yna y dywawt gwreic Boya wrth y llaw-voryn- nioii, " Ewch," heb hi, "hyt yr auon yssyd geyr Haw y sant, a diosgwch ycb dillat, ac yn noetli dywedwch wrtlumt geireu aniweir, kywilydyus." Holl disgyblon Dewi a vu an- hawd ganthynt diodef y kywilyd hwnnw, ac a dywedassant wrth Dewi, "Fown odymma ymeith," heb wynt, "iii allwn iii diodef byn, iiac edrych ar y gwragod drwc." Ac yna y dy- wawt y sant, "Ponyt gwell ynni peri idiint wy adaw y lie bwn ynni." Ac yna Dewi ae disgyblon a dyrwestassant y nos bonno hyt trannoetb. Trannoeth y dywawt gwreic Boya wyrth y llysuerch. " Tydi vorwyn," heb hi, " kyuot ac awn yn dwy y twyn Alun^ y geissyaw kneu." Heb y vorwyn wi-th y llysuam, " Parawt wyf i^ y mynet," A cher- det a wnaethant hyt yg gwalawt y glyn, a phan doethant yno eisted aoruc y llysnam a dywedut wrth y llysuerch, " Dyro dy ben ym barffet, a mi ae dihaedaf,"^ heb hi* Sef aoruc y vorwyn da diweir warrodi y phen yn arffet y llys- uam ; sef aoruc y llysuam tynnu kyllell a Had pen y vorwyn santes ; ac yn y gyuer y dygwydawd y gwaet yr llawr yd ymdangos fynnawn, a llawer o dynnyon a gawssant yecbyt a gwaret yno, a hyt bediw y gelwir y fynnawn honno, Fyn- nawn Dunawd ; kanys Dunawd oed enw y vorwyn. Yna y foes y llysuam drwc, ac ni wybu neb o'r byd bwn py ageu ae due. A Boya a dechreuawd drycaruerthu ;^ a Dewi ae disgyblon a lawenhassant. Yna y medylyawd Boya lad Dauyd ae disgyblon; ac eissyoes sef y damweinyawd y bore drannoeth dyuot y elyn hyt y twr yd oed Boya yndaw yn kysgu. Gwedy kaffel y pirth yn agoret, a Had pen Boya yn y wely, ac yn diannot y doeth tan o'r nef a llosgu yr holl adeilyadeu hyt y llawr ; gwybydet pawb rylad o'r Arglwyd Duw Boya a Satrapa y wreic o achos Dewi. Odyna yr adelyawd Dewi yg glyn Hodnant, ac ny oed yno dim dwfyr, onyt ychydic o dyfyr redegawc ;" ac yna y Lyii A htn^ R. ^ ^^^!/fiy ^^^ ^h ^* "* Dihoedafdi henn, R. b kij nyd yw yn R. ^ ^fÿ<: Ai-vaHhu, R. ^ Rygedanr, T. 108 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. gwediawd Dewi ar yr Arglwyd, ac yn diannot y k)Tiodes fynnawu eglur; ac yn oes Dewi jg glyn Hodnant y bu y fynnawn bouiio yn Uawn o win, val na bu arnaw yn y oes ef eisseu gwin da ; llyna rod deilwng y gan Duw yr ryw wr hwnnAV. Yn ol hynny Gweslan esgob brawt fydd y Dewi, a disgybl y Dewi a el wit Eliud ; yll deu a djTwestauassant y geissaw gan Duw fynhonneu o dwfyr croew, kanyt oed dim yn y dinas o dwfyr, ac rac sycbet yr amser. Ac yna y kawssant y gan Duw dwy fynhawn ; ac a elwit byt bediw FynbaAvii Gweslan, a Fynbawn Eliud. A'r crippled a'r daillyon, ar cleiffyon a geffynt waret yn y dwy fynbawn bynny. Ac }Tn mysgc bynny yd oed Aedan sant yn eglwys ehun yn dinas Gwerwin yn gwediaw, nyt amgen nos Pasc ebun, uacbaf agel^ yr Arglwyd yn dyuot attaw, ac yn dywedut wrtbaw, "Tydi mt da gwynvededic, pony wdost ti," beb ef, " yr byn yr ydys yn y darparu y Dauyd Sant dy athro di yg glyn Rosyn." " Na wnn dioer," beb yr Aedan. Heb yr agel, "Neur deryw y dri o dylwytb o'r uanacblawc gwneu- thur y vrat, nyt amgen dodi gwenwyn jonywn bara; a'r bara bwnnw a rodir idaw ef a vory o vwyta; Wrtb bynny anuon gennat byt att dy atbro, ac arcb idaw ymoglyt y bara a'r gMenwyn yndaw," Sef aoruc y sant tristau, ac Mylaw. " Arglwyd," beb ef, " Pa delw yd anuonafi gennat yno, mor vyrr yw yr oet, ac emae nyt oes long yn barawt val y galler y cbaiFel." "Anuon di," beb yr agel, "dy gytdysgybyl nyt amgen Scuthyn byt y traetb, a mi a baraf idaw vyned drwod." Sef aoruc ScutbjTi yn llawen gwneutbur yd oedit yn ercbi idaw. a dyuot parth ar traetb a cberdet yn y dwfyr racdaw ja y doeth y dwfyr idaw byt y linyeu, ac yn deissy- fyt llyma agbenmul o'r mor yn y gymryt ar y gefyn, ac yn myned ac ef drwod ynyvu^ a'r y tir arall. Ac erbyn ban- ner dyd Pasc yd oed ef gyt ae atbro, ac val yd oed Dewi yn dyuot o'r eglwys gwedu offerenneu, a gwedu pregetbeu y boll vrodyr, nacbaf y gwelei y gennat y kyuaruot ac ef yn y BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 109 lie a elwir Bed Yscolan. Sef aornc Dewi yna bot yn Uaweii vrtliaw, a myned dwylaw mynvvgyl idaw, ac am ovyn ac ef am anssawd Aedan^ Saiit y disgybyl. A gwedy daruot yr gennat menegi idaw ef o gwbyl an- sawd Aedan^ y dysgybyl, galw aoruc Scuthyn Dewi attaw ar neilltu, a datkann idaw y gennadwri, a megys a'r mod y dywedassei yr agel" wrth Aedan^ Sant. Sef aoruc Dewi yna tewi a medylyaw a thalw^ diolwch mawr y Duw a dy- uot racdaw y'r mauaclilawc, a gwedy eisted o bawb yn y mod y dylynt, gwedu daruod y gras, kyiiodi aoruc y diagon a wassanaythei ar Dauyd y wassanaethu a'r bara gwcnwynic gantaw. Sef aoruc Scuthyn kyuodi yuynu a dywedut, "Tydi," heb ef, " ny wassanaythy di hediw, myui," heb y Scuthyn, " a vyd gwassanaethwr hediw." Sef aoruc mynet a eisted a sunnyaw arnaw yn vawr ; ef awydyat kared a oed yn y vedwl." Ac yna y kymerth Dewi y bara gwenwynic a'e rannu yn deiyr* rann, a rodi vn y ast, a oed yn seuyll a] Ian o dieithir y drws ; a'r awr y llewes yr ast y bara y bu oil niarw, ac y syrthyawd y bleu oil yn enkit y trewit yr amrant ar y Hall, a thorri y croen y amdanei, a syrthyaw y hoU berued y'r Uawr. Sef aoruc yr hoU vrodyr pan welsant hynny synnyaw yn vawr arnant. Ac yd anuones Dewi yr eil ran o'r bara y vran a oed yn gorwed ar y nyth y mywn onen y freutur ar auon a oed y tu a'r deuheu ; a'r awr y kymerth y vran y bara yn y gyluin, hi a syrthyawd o'r pren yn varw y'r llawr. Y dryded ran o'r bara gwenwynic a gymerth Dewi ehun, ac a'e bendigawd, ac a'e bwytaawd ; sef a wnaeth yr holl vrodyr edrych arnaw, a ryuedu yn vawr, ac ovynhau yn ormod am Dewi. Ac yna y mynegis Dewi y damchwein y'r holl vi'odyr, nyt amgen bot y twyll- wyr yn keissyaw y wenwynaw ; ac a rodes yr holl vrodyr eu melltith ar y gwyr hynny. Ac y gyt a hynny dodi^ ar y Tat o'r nef ryth^ na chefFynt yn dragywydwl gyfran o deyrnas gwlat' nef. ^Maydawc. " Aiiqd. ^A di/wednt. ^Tii.r,R. « liifl, R. 7 Nkl y w Oh-Icu! yn R. 110 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. Ac gwctly katlarnbau fytl a chrct yn yr ynys lion, boll laimrAVAT yr ynys^ a doethant y gyt liyt yn dor sened Vreui a'r csgyb, a'r atbrawon, a'r ofFeireit, ar breubined, a'r tywys- sogyon, a'r icrll, a'r barwneit, ar goreugwyr, a'r ysgwiereit, a'r treuydwyr yn llAyyr, a phawb beb allu rif arnadynt a ym- g)-nnassant- y sened Vreui, ac ammot a wnaetbpwyt yn y gynulleitua honno ; Pwy bynnac o'r sened o'r seint a bre- getbei ual y clywi y niuer bwnnw yn gyíFredin gadii o bonunt yn bennadur ar seint ynys Brydein ; ac yna y decb- reaud y seint pregetbu bop ei wers, ac yna y dywawt vn dros y kyffi-edyn, " Y kanued dyn o'r gynnulleitua bon," beb ef, "ni clyw dim o'r bregetb, yr ytywcb yn llavyryaw y oner o gwbyl." Yna y dywawt pawb^ o'r seint wrtb y gilyd, "Nid oes neb o bonam a alio pregetbu yi- niuer hwn, A ni a prouassam bob eil wers, a ni a welwn nat oes ras y neb o bonam ni y bregetbu y'r niuer bwn, edrycbwcb a medyl- wcb a •wdawcli cbwi, a oes neb mor deilwng ac y gallo pregetbu yr niuer bwn ymma." Yna yd attcba^d Paulinus Sant, a ben escob sant oed ef : "jM}aii," beb ef, "a wnn was ieuangk tec, aduyn, ac agel yn wastat )Ti gedymdeitb idaw, a mi atwaen," beb ef, "y vot ef yn g}'men, ac yn diweir, ac yn caru Duw yn vawr, ac a wn y car Duw ynteu, ae vot yngyfyi-annawc ar yr boll voesseu da; " Myui," beb ef, "a wn mae mwyaf dyn rat Duw ar- naw yn yr ynys bon yw bwnnw, a Dauyd Sant y gelwir ; yn gyntaf of a dysgawd lien y bertbynei idaw y dyscu ar y dechreu, a gwedy bynny ef a dysgawd genyf inneu yr ys- grj'tbyr Ian, ac a vu atbro, a^ yn Ruuein a urdwyt yn arcb- csgob, a mi a welcis," beb ef, " agel yn dyuot attaw, ac yn galw arnaw, ac yn ercbi idaw vyned y wlat ygyuanbcdu y lie, a bartbassei Duw ydaw, y teyrnas Demetica, sef yw bonno JSIynyw yn y debeu. Ewcb a gelwch^ bwnnw ef yssyd yn caru Duw yn vawr, ac yn pregetbu o Grist," a miui a wn mae idaw ef y rodes Duw y gras." Ac yna yd ^* (Jäicc/i allwch, U. « }' Grüt, R. BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. Ill anuoiies y seint gennadeu hyt yndinas Rubi, y lie yd oed Dauyd Sant, gwas Duw, yn gwediaw, ac yn disgu. A phan gigleu ef iieges y kennadeu, llymma yi- atteb a rodes ef udunt wy, nyt amgen, " Nyt a fi," heb ef, "yuo, ys gwell gennyf Avediaw Duw ymma, ewch chwi," heb ef, "yn tag- nefed Duw a'y garyat." Ac eilweith, y seint a waliawdas- sant Dewi Sant, ac ynteu a rodes yr vn atteb a rodassei gynt. A'r drydetli weitli o gyttundeb yr hoU seint ^ yd anuonet at Dewi yn genadeu y deu sant bennaf a oed yno, nyt am- gen Deiuyoel a Dubricius; a'r nos kyn no dyuot y kenna- deu att Dewi," Dewi a dywawt wrth y disgyblon, "Vy meibion i, gwybydwch chwi y daw kennadeu ymma a vory ; ewch y bysgotta y'r mor, a dygwch ymma dwfyr gloew o'r fynnawn;" a'r kennadeu a doeth- y dyd y dywawt Dewi vrthunt ; ac ynteu a baratoes udunt wy eu kinyaw disgyblon Dauyd, a rodassant ar y bord rac bron^ y seint pysgawt di- goned, a dyfyr o'r fynnawn, a'r dwfyr a aeth yn win ar liynt. A Dauyd a dywawt wrtbynt "Byttewch vrodp- yn llawen." Ac yna y dywawt y deu sant wrthaw. " Ni chymerwn ni na bwj't na diawt," heb ■wy, "onyt edewy ditheu dyuot ygyt a ninneu y'r sened vawr enryued,* y lie y mae llu ny ellir eu rifaw yth aros di, wrth hynny," heb wynt, " dabre y gyt a ni yr Duw, ac yr bendith hpiny o seint, ony mynny haedu eu melltith." Heb y Dewi, " Yna mi a af," heb ef, "y'r caryat Duw at y kedymdeithyon hynny, Eissyoes," heb ef, "yr hyn a erchwch chwi y mi, nis gallaf myui," heb ef, "a ger- daf ygyt a chwi hyt y seued, a chwitheu gwediwch y Tat pennaf y ny rodho ef ganhorthwy yn ni druein ; a minneu ach gwediaf chwitheu vrodyr, yny gymerwch chwitheu vwyt a diawt o'r alussen a'r gardawt a rodet yn ni o'r nef " A gwedy hynny kyvot aoruc Dewi ygyt a'r kemiadeu y sened Vreui ; a chyn eu dyuod y'r gynulleitua,'^ nachaf y gwelynt yn dyuot yn eu herbyn gwreic" gwedy marw y hun ^ A rodes trydydd weith o gyhmdeh yr holl seint. * Aniryved, R. ^ Qijnulleilua honno, 112 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. mab, a'r wreic yn gweidi, ac yn disgyryaw ; a phan weles DeA\i y -wrcic yn y drych^ y nertli hwnmv, kyssefyll aoruc, a golwg- y kynnadeu or blaen. Sef aoruc y wreic druan a glwyssei glot Dewi syrthyaw ar dal y deulin, a mynegi idaw bot y hull mab yn varw ; sef a wnaeth Dewi yna trugarhau wrthi, a tbrossi gyt a hi y'r lie yr oed y mab yn varw yn )-myl anon a elwit Teiui. A d}aiot y'r ty He yr oed gorf y mab'* a gwediaw yr Arglwyd, a dywedut, "Vy Arglwyd Duw, i ti a digynneist o arfet y Tat o'r nef y'r byt hwn o'n acliaws ni bcchaduryeit o'n prynu ni o safyii yr hen elyn, trugarhaa Arglwj'd Avrth y Avreic wedw hon, a dyro idi y viw y huu mab yn y eneit drachefyn, val y mawrhaer dy enw di yn yr holl daear." A phan daruu y Dewi y weddi, ky- uodi yu holliach a wnaeth y mab, mal pet uei yn kyuodi o gysgu ; a Dewi erbyn y law deheu yn y gyuodi, ac yny rodi yn holliach id y vam.* Sef aoruc y mab o'r lie y ky- uodet o veirw kanlyn Dewi o vedwl a gweithret, ac ef a vu drwy lawer o vlynyded ygyt a Dewi yn gwassanaethu Duw. Odyna y kerdawd Dewi ygyt a chennadeu y seint hyt y lie ^ yr oedynt yn y aros, a phan doeth Dauyd yno, y k)'- uodes 3T holl seint yn y erbyn, pan y gwelsant ef yn dyuot a chyfarch gwell idaw, a syrthiaw ar dal eu glinyeu, ac erchi idaw bregethu gan drychafel o lionaw y ben bryn uchel, y lie y buassei pregeth gynno hynny. Ac esgussaw a wnaeth^ ef ar dalym o amser' wrthynt ^vy, a dywedut na beidci ef, ac na allei wneuthur yT hyn^ yd oedynt wy yn y erchi idaw ; eissyoes ef a gymerth bendith y kyffredin, ac a vuydhaawd udunt, ag wrthot aoruc ef esgynnu y ben y bryn" a dywedut na mynnei ef le y seuyll onyt ar y Uawr gwastat ; a dcchreu prcgethu o dyno aoruc Dewi o gyfreitli Grist a'r euegyl, a hynny megys lief corn eglur. Ac yn anilwc hynny o bop dyn yr pellaf yn gyn egluret ac yr nessaf; ac yn gyn gyíTredinct, ac y bydei yr heul i bawp pan vei banner dyd, a hynny a vu ryued gan bawb. A phan yttoed Oollirny, R. a /livv, U. ^ Nid yw A syiiliyaw aoruc Dewi ar cor£, a rodl ij truuvMi CMu. y mal,, jn T. •• Ni.l j w A phawh or k wdsani kynm/ a voliassant DuK, yn 1. »&<«-/, U. ^Ao.uc.R, '' £nl;/i,li. " í>iẅ, 1{. » J5m i". BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 113 Dewi ar warthaf y llawr gwastat a dywetijwyt uchot yn pre- gethu, y kyiiodes y llawr liwiinw megys mynyd ucliel dan y draet ef, a phawb o'r gynnuUeitua honno yu edrycli ar hyn- iiy ; yr hwn yssyd etto yn vryn uchel yn amlwc gan bawb, ac yn wastattir o bop parth idaw ; a'r gwyrth a'r ryuedawt hwnnvv a wnaeth Duw y'r Dewi yn Llandewivreui. Ac yna yn gyttun y rygthunt e hunein moli Dewi Sant, a wnaethant,' ac adef yn gyfun^ y vot yn dywyssawc ar seiut ynys Brydein, gan dywedut val hyn, "Megys y rodes Duw pennadur yn y mor ar bop kenedyl o'r pysgawd, ac megys y rodes Duw pennadur yn y daear ar y adar, velly rodes ef Dewi yn bennadur ar y dynnyon yn y byt hwn; ac yn y mod y rodes Duw Matlieus yn Judea, a Lucas yn Alexandria, a Christ yg- kaerussalem, a Phedyr yn Ruvein, a JVIartyn yn Freink, a Sam- pson yn Llydaw, y rodes y Dauyd Sant vot yn ynys Brydein." Ac wrth hynny y gwnaethpwyt Dewi Sant yn bennadur, ac yn dywyssawc ar seint ynys Prydein, am bregethu o honaw yn y sened vawr honno y'r holl bobyl, yn yr honn ny allawd neb pregethu namyn efo. Ar dyd hwnnw holl seint yr ynys hon, a'r brenhiued oil a ostyngassant ar eu glinneu y adoli y Dewi, ac a rodassant idaw vot y bennaf o seint ynys Bry- dein ; ac ef ae haedawd ; ar dyd hwnnw y rodet y Dewi y noduaeu, ac am ymdiffyn y bob kyfryAV dyn or a wnelei drwc, ac afFoei y nawddi'r Dewi. Hon yw nodua Dewi y bawb or a vo yn dinas Rubi yn nawdd Dewi, ac y dan y am- diffyn or byd, reit idaw kennat yw idaw vynet o Dyui hyt at Deivi, ac or byd reit idaw vynet a vo mwy aet yn ragor rac pob sant a brenhiu a dyn yr enys^ hon. Nodua Dewi yw palebynnac y bo tir kyssecredig y Dewi Sant, ac na lyuasso na brenhin na tywysawc, nac escob, na sant rodi nawd idaw ym blayn Dewi ; kanys efo a gafas nawd ym- blayn pawb, ac nys cafas neb yn y blayn ef, kanys ef a ossodes Duw a dynnyon yn bennaf or holl ynys ; ac yna yd ysgymunawd hynny o seint o dirundeb y brenhined y neb a dorrei nodua Dewi Sant. ^ Aoruganl, R. ° Duhin, R. •< Vn yr ynys, R. 114 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. Ac odjTia val yd ocd Dewi duw mawrtli diwethaf Chwe- fra^\•r' yii gwrandaw ar yr hysgolheigyon yn gwassanaetliu Duw, nachaf y clywei agel yn ymdiddau ac ef, ac yn dy- wcdiit wrthaw val hynn, " Dauyd," heb yr agel, " beth a geissest yr ys talyin y gan dy Arglwyd Duw, y mae yn bar- awt ytt pan y mynych." Sef aoruc ynteu yna drychafel y wyneb y vynyd, a llawenhau, a dywedut val hyn, " Yr awr Lon Arglwyd y kymer dy was di yth dagneued." Sef aoui'uc yr ysgolbeigyon a ocd yn gwarandaw y deu jTnadrawd liynn, sunnyaw arnunt yn vawr, a syrthyaw megis dynnyon meirw, ac jai yng ar bynny nachaf y clywynt lef didan, ac arogleu teckaf yn Uenwi y dinas. Sef aoruc Dauyd yr eilweitb dy- wedut jn uchel. " Arglwyd lessu Grist," heb ef, " kymer vy eneit, ac naat vi a vo hwy y drigyaw yn y drygeu hyn." Ac yu ol hynny wynt a glywynt yr eilweitb yr angel yn dy- wedut ^vrth Dewi, "Dauyd Sant, ymbarattoa y dyd kyntaf o Vawrtli, ef a daw dy Arglwyd di lessu Grist, a naw rad nef ygyt ag ef, a decuet y dayar yth erbyn di, ac a eilw ygyt a thi o'r rei a vynnyth di o ysgolheic, a lleyc, a gwirion a phechadur, ieuangk a hen, mab a merch, gwr a gwreic, a vessan a phuttein, Idew a Sarassin, a hynny adaw ygyt a thydi. A'r brodyr kymmeint yr un, pan glywssant hynny, drwy wylyaM', a chwyuaw, ac udaw, ac ucheneidyaw, a dry- chauassant eu lief ac y dywedassant, "Arglwyd Dewi Sant," heb wy,^ " kanhorthwa yn tristit ni." Ac yna y dywawt Dewi wrthynt wy, gan eu didanu ae llawenhau; "Vym brodyr, bydwch wastat ac vn vedwl, a phabethbynnac a welsawch ac a glyssawch y gennif fi, kcdwch ef, a gorfen- nwch y beth mwy." O'r dyd hwnnw hyt yr wythuet dyd, nyt aeth Dewi o eglwys i brcgethu* a gwediaw. Y chwedyl eissyoes yn oet vu dyd aaeth drwy yr holl euys hon, ac Iwerdon gan yr agel. Sef M y dywedei yr agel, " Gwybydwch chwi pan yw yn yr wythnos nessaf yssyd yn dyuot, yd a Dewi Sant, ych arglwyd chwi, o'r byt hwn ynia, att yr Arglwyd." Yna ' vii CAw/raw,-, R. s Nid yw US ef, yn R. ■< Pn-ÿ.í/iíí y hawb, R. BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. 115 y gwelit ymgyfi-edec^ gaii seint yr enys hon, a seint Ivverdon o bob parth yn dyuot y ymwelet a Dewi Sant. O bwy yna a allei diodef wylouein y seint, neu ucheneidieu y meudwyeit, neu yr oiFeiryeit a'r dysgyblon yn dywedut, " Pwy a'n dysc ni?" kwyn y personyeit yn dywedut, " Pwy an kanhortliwya ni?" anobeitli y brenhined yn dywedut, "Pwy an hurda ni? Pwy a vyt yn tat kyn drugaroket a Dewi? Pwy a wedia drossom ni a'r yn Harglwyd?" kwynuan y tlodyon, a'r clifon yn udaw, y myneich a'r gwerydon, a'r rei priawt a'r penyt- wyr, y gweissyon ieueingk a'r morynyon, y mcibon a'r mercbet, a'r rei newyd eni ar eu bronneu yn gollwng eu dagreu. Beth a draetbafi onyt yr vn kwyn oed gan bawp, y brenhined yn kwynaw eu brawt, yr hyneif yn kwynaw eu mab, y meibyon yn kwynaw eu tat. Duw Sul y canawd Dewi ofFeren, ac y pregethawt y'r bobyl ; ae gyfry w kynn noc ef ny clwyspwyt, a gwedy ef byth ny clywyr. Nys gwelas^ dyn eiryoet y sawP dynnyon yn vn lie a oed yno,* A gwedy daruot y bregeth a'r offeren y rodes Dewiyn gy- íFredyn y vendith y bawb ar a oed yna. A gwedy daruot idaw rodi y vendith y bawb, y dywawt yr ymadrawd hwn, "Arglwydi, vrodyr, a chwioryd, bydwch lawen, a chedwch ych fyd a'ch cret, a gwnewch y pethau bychein a glywssach ac a welsawch y gennyfi, a minneu a gerdaf y ford a aeth yn tadeu ni idi ; ac yn iach y wch," heb y Dewi, " a phoet grymus vo ywch vot ar y daear, ac vyth bellach nyt yni- welwn ni yn y byt hwn." Yna y clywit gawr gyfredin yn kyuodi gan gwynau ac wylouein a dagreu, ac yn dywedut, "Och na Iwngk y daear ni! Och na daw tan yn llosgi ni ! Och na daw y mor dros y tir! Och na syrth y mynyded ar yn gwarthaf® ni." A phawb a oed yna yn mynet y agheu. O duw Sul hyt duw Merchyr gwedy marw Dewi, ny lews- sant na bwyt, na diawt namyn gwediaw drwy dristyt. A nos Vaurth, ygylch canu y kyeilyawc, nachaf lu o engylyon yn llenwi y dinas, a phob ryw gerdeu a digrifwch ym mhob 1 Gwdid li gyfuredic, R. 2 Qweles Ihjgcit. ^ Erryvd mwer sawl. •• Nid jw A oed yno, yn R. 5 Gwasimf, R. 110 BUCHEDD DEWI SANT. lie yn y dinas yn llaAvn; ac yn yr awr vore nacliaf yr Arglwyd lesu Grist yn dyuot, ac ygyt ac ef naw rad nef, megys y gadaussei yn y vawrhydri, a'r lieul yn eglurau yi- hoU luoed. A hynny duw JNIaMTth, y dyd kyntaf o galan Äla-wrth, y kymerth lessu Grist eneit Dewi Sant, y gyt a mawr vudu- golyaeth a Ilevenyth ac enryded ; gwedy y newin ae sychet, ac anwyt, ae laviur, ae dyrwest, ae gardodeu, ae vlinder, ae drallawd ae brouedigaetheu, ay vedwl am y byt. Y kym- erth yr egylyon y eneit ef, ac ae dygant y'r He y mae y goleuni heb diwed, a gorfwys heb lauur, a llywenyd heb dristit, ac amled o bop ryw da, a vudugolyaeth a chlaerder a thegwcb. Y lie mae molyant rysswyr Crist ; y He yd ys- gaelussir y kyuoetbogyon drwc ; y lie y mae iecbyt heb dolur, a ieungtit heb heneint, a tbagnefed heb anuundeb, a cherdeu heb vlinder, a gobrwyueu heb diwed ; y He y mae Abel y gyt a'r merthyri ; y He y mae Enoc y gyt ar rei byw ; y He y mae Noe ygyt a'r llongwyr ; y He mae Abra- ham y gyt a'r padrieirch ; y He y mae Melchisedec y gyt a'r offeirdt ; y He y mae Job y gyt a'r rei da eu diodef ; y He y mae Äloysen y gyt a'r ty wysogyon ; y lie y mae Aaron gyt a'r esgyb ; He y mae Dauyd gyt a'r brenhined ; He y mae Ysaias gyt a'r proifwydi; y He mae Meir gyt a'r gwery- don ; He y mae Pedyr gyt a'r ebystyl , He y mae Pawl gyt a gwyr Groec ; He y mae Thomas gyt a gwyr yr India ; He y mae Icuan gyt a gwir yr Asia ; He y mae Mathew gyt a gwir Judea ; He y mae Lucas gyt a gwyr Achaia ; He y mae Marcus gyt a gwir Alexandria ; He y mac Andreas gyt a gwir Sythia; He y mae yr engylyon a'r archengylyon, a oherubyn, a seraphyn, a brenhin y brenhined yn yr oes oes- oed. Amen. Ac val y kofFayssam ni Dewi yn y vuclied ehun, ae wei- thredoed ar y daear yma, uelly y bo kanhorthwywr ynteu ac y grymhao yn eiryawl y ninneu y geyr bron y gwir gre- awdyr ar gafFcl trugarcd racllaw. Amen. TI. Wé limrti liiDÌìi.' INCIPIT VITA BEATI DAVID, QUI ET DEWI, EPISCOPI ET CONFESSORIS. KAL. MARTII, QUI OBIIT ANNO PER RICEMARCHUM. ìnainínilö noster, quaravis omnes suos ante constitutionem '^^ mundi dilexit, atque prescivit, nonnuUos tamen multis revelationum ostensionibus preiiuntiavit f iste itaque sanc- tus, quem tinctio David, viilgus autem Dewi clamat, veri- loquiis angelorum oraculis ad patrem quidem prius, deinde ad Sanctum Patricium ter denis annis priusquam nasceretur non solum prefatus, verum etiam misticis donationum mu- neribus ditatus innotuit. Nam quodam tempore pater ejus meritis et nomine Sanctus, Ceretice gentis regali potentia fretus, qua tandem deposita, celeste regnum comparans, an- gelica in somnis monitus voce, audivit, " Crastina die ex- pergefactus, venatum iturus, ceso prope fluvium cervo, tria ibi munera repperies juxta amnem Theibi,^ cervum scilicet quem persequeris, piscem, apumque examen in arbore posi- tum in loco qui vocatur Linhenlanum ; ex his itaque tribus reserves favum scilicet, partemque piscis et cervique custo- dienda filio ex te nascituro transmitte ad Maucanni monas- terium, quod nunc usque Depositi Monasterium vocatur; 1 Ex. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. Vespasian A. XIV. col. cum. Nero, E. I. ' Prenunckt, N. N. denotat Xero. » Juxia amnem Tlieibi, desiint, N. 118 VITA SANCTI DAVID. que quidem munera liujus vitam preniuitiant ; favus enim mellis ejus sapiciitiam clamat, sicut enira mel in cora, ita spiritualcm sensum historico cepit iiistrumento. Piscis vero aquaticam ejus vitam sonat ; sicut enim piscis aqua vivit, ita istc vinum et siceram, et omne quod inebriare potest, re- spucns, beatcm Deo vitam in pane tantum et aqua ducet ; inde etiam David aquatice vite cognominabatur. Cervus autcm in antique serpente signat dominium, sicut enim cer- vus expoliatus serpentibus pastus fontem aque desiderans acceptis viribus, velut juventute renovatur; sic iste quasi corvorum pedibus super excelsa statutus, antiquum humani generis serpentcm viribus nocendi contra semetipsum expo- lians, fontem vite assiduis lacrimarum cursibus adoptans, de die in diem renovatus perfecit, et in nomine Sancte Triuita- tis salutarem scientiam castioris prandii parcitate, domi- nandi in demones habere potestatem iuciperet." Deinde Patricius, Romanis eruditus disciplinis, comitan- tibus virtutum tm-mis, pontifex eifectus, gentem a qua ex- ulaverat pctivit ; in qua fructuosi operis lucernam oleo ge- minc karitatis indefatigabili reficiens labore, non sub medio, sed super candelabiiim imponere volens, ut cunctos^ glori- ficato omnium Patre roraret. Ccretice gentis regionem adiit; in qua per aliquantulum temporis conversatus, De- mctica intrat rura, ibique perlustrans, tandem ad locum qui Vallis Rosina nominabatur pervenit. Et gratum agnoscens locum devovit Deo ibi fideliter deservire, sed cum hoc se- cum mcditando revolveret, apparuit ei angelus Domini, "Tibi," inquit, "non istum locum Dens disposuit, sed filio qui nondum est natus, nee nisi peractis prius triginta annis nascetur." Audicns autem hec Sanctus Patricius, merens et stupens iratusque dixit,^ "Cur Dominus dcspexit servum suum ab iniimtiasua sibi servientem cum timore et amore; elegitquc alium, nondum in hac luce natum, sed neque ante triginta annos nasceretur;" paravitque fugcre, et Dominum smuu Josum Cliristum deserere, diccns, "Cum ante Domini VITA SANCTI DAVID. 119 mei conspectum incassum labor meus redigitur, et mihi qui nonduna est natus prejjonitur, vadam, et tali labori aniodo non subjaceam." Sed Dominus multum diligebat Patriciuni, misitque ad eum angelum suum ut ilium verbis familiaribus blandiretur; cui ait, "Patrici, letare, Dominus enim misit me ad te, ut ostendam tibi totam Hiberniam insulam de sede que est in Rosina Valle, que modo Sedes Patricii nomi- natur; aitque angelus ei, "Exulta, Patrici, tu enim eris apostolus illius totius iasule quam cernis, multaque propter nomen Domini Dei tui in ea pateris, sed Dominus erit te- cum in omnibus que facturus sis; nondum enim verbum vite accepit; ibique prodesse debes, ibi paravit tibi Domi- nus sedem, ibi signis et virtutibus radiabis, totamque gen- tem Deo subjugabis,^ Sit tibi hoc signum, totam tibi in- sulam ostendam ; curventur^ montes, humiliabitur pelagus, oculus trans omnia erectus ex loco prospectans videbit pro- missum." His dictis, erectisque oculis ex loco in quo stabat, qui modo Sedes Patritii dicitur totam prospexit insulam. Tandem animus Patricii sedatus libenter dimisit locum sanc- tum David agio, paransque navem in portu magno, susci- tavit quendam senem nomine Cruvnther per duodecim annos juxta litus illud seiniltum. Navigavitque Patritius in Hiberniam, habens secum nuper suscitatum, qui postea ajjiscopus factus est. Peractis autem triginta predictis annis, virtus divina mi- sit sanctum regem Ceretice regionis usque ad plebem De- metice gentis. Invenitque rex obviam sibi sanctam moui- alem, Nonnitam virginem, puellam pulcram nimis et decoram ; quam concupiscens, tetigit vi oppressam, et con- cepit filium suum David agium ; que nee antea, nee postea virum agnovit, sed in castitate mentis et corporis perseve- rans, fidelissimam duxit vitam. Nam ap ipso conceptionis tempore, pane tantum et aqua vixit, in loco autem in quo oppressa concepit, modicus patet compus, visu amenus, mu- nere superni roris plenus ; in quo campo, tempore ipso con- ^ Ego cro tecum, adcluntur, N. ^ Cui'vabuniur, N. ]^20 VITA SANCTI DAVID. ceptionis duo graiides lapides apparuerunt, unus ad caput, alter ad pedes qui antea visi non fuerant ; nam terra concep- tui ejus coiigaudens sinum suum aperuit, ut et puelle vere- cuudiam servaret et prolis soliditatem prenuntiaret. Crescente autem utero, mater ex proprio more ad offer- andas pro partu oblationum elemosynas, quandam ingreditur ecclesiam ad predicationem evangelie audiendam quam pre- dicabat Saiictus Gildas, Cau filius in tempore regis Triphuni, et filiorum ejus. Ingressa autem matre subito Gildas ob- mutescens quasi clause gutture tacuit. Interrogatus autem a populo cur interrupta predicatione obmutuerat, respondit, "Ego communi loquelo vos alloqui possum, predicare autem non possum, sed vos extra egredientes me solum remanere facite, ut sciam si sic possim predicare." Egressa igitu foras plebe, ipsa mater in angulo se abscondens latuit, non quod precepto non obediens, sed ingenti aviditate precepta sitiens \italia ad demonstrandum tante prolis privilegium remane- bat. Deinde et secundo toto cordis annisu desudans, celitus inbibitus nichil valuit ; hinc perterritus, excelsa profatus voce, "Adjure te" inquit, " siquis me latet, ut te ex pati- bulo ostendas." Tunc ipsa respondens, "Ego," inquit, "hie lateo inter valvam, et parietem."^ Ipse vero divina fretus providentia, "Tu," inquit, "foras egredere, populus autem ec- clesiam ingredions repedet." Venitque unusquisque sicut prius fuerat in sede, et predicavit Gildas quasi de buccina clare; interrogavitque plebs agium Gildam, et dixit, "Cur non potuisti prima vice evangelium Christi predicare nobis volcntibusaudire?" Et respondit Gildas, et dixit, "Vocate hue sanctimonialem, que exiit extra ecclesiam." Interro- gata autem matre, se esse pregnantem confessa est ; et ait nonnita sancta, " Ecce assum." At ille dixit, " Filius qui est in utero istius sanctimonialis majorem gratiam ac po- testatem ordinationemque habet quam ego, quia illi dedit Deus lirivilcgium et monarchiam ac bragminationem omni- um sanctorum Brittannie in eternum, ante et post judicium; VITA SANCTI DAVID. 121 valete fratres et sorores, ego non possum hie diutius habitare propter filiuni hujus sancti monialis, quia sibi tradita est monarchia super omues homines istius insule, ad aliam in- sulam neeesse est michi ire, et Britannniam totam hujus filio dimittere. Unum cunctis liquido patuit quod ilia se- culo paritura esset qui honoris privilegio, sapientie fulgore, sermonis facundia cunctos Britannie doctores exelleret."^ Interea quidam ex confinio, tyrannus habebatur, qui ex magorum vaticinio audierat filium suis in finibus nasciturum, cujus potestas totam occuparet patriam ; ipse qui solis ter- rennis intentus summum sibi bonum in his infirmis deputa- bat, magno invidie livore crutiabatur. Notato itaque ex magorum oraculis loco in quo postea filius nascebatur, " So- lus," inquit" tot diebus loco sujjer sedebo, et quemcuncque ibi ilium modicum quiescentem iuveniam meo peremtus gladio occumbet." His ita destinatis revolutisque novem mensi- bus, quibus pariendi tempus aderat, mater per ipsam quadam die egrediebatur viam in qua parturiendi locus aderat, quem ex magorum presagio tirannus servabat. Urgente autem partus tempore ; mater predictum petivit locum; ipsa vero die tanta aeris tempestas invaluit, ut nullus ullus etiam foras egredi poterat; ingens enim choruscationum fulgur, horri- dus tonitruorum clangor, uimia graudinum, pluviarumque inundantia afficit. Locus autem in quo mater i)arturiens ingemiscebat tanta lucis serenitate perlucebat ut veluti sole presente Deo nubibus obducto roraret; mater vero partu- riens quamdam juxta habebat petram in qua urgente dolore manibus innixa fuerat. Qua re vestigium veluti cere im- pressum petram intuentibus ostendit, que in medium divisa dolenti matri condoluit, cujus altera pars saltavit desuper caput sanctimonialis tenus pedes ejus quando enixa et pu- erpera, in quo loco ecclesia sita est. In hujus vero altaris fimdamine hec petra tecta latet. Deinde cum baptizaretur ab Belue Meneviensium epis- copo, in ipso loco ad baptizandi ministerium fons lucidis- ■ Quod a: Sìihseçfìiaitis vile incrUs couqirolatiir, adduntur, N, 122 VITA SANCTI DAVID. sime erumpens subito apparuit, qui nunquam antea visus fuerat, curavit quoque oculos moni ceci qui tenuit cum dum baptizaretur. Intclligens eiiim sanctus ille cecus, qui sicut fertur ab utcro matris sine iiare, et sine oculis natus fuerat, infantem queui in sinu suo tenebat, plenum esse gratia Spi- ritus Sancti, accepit aquam/ de qua corpus sancti infantis ter immersa fuerat, sparsitque faciem suam ex ea tribus \i- cibus, et dicto citius claritatem oculorum, totamque integri- tatem faciei sue hilariter sumpsit ; cunctique qui aderant, glorificaverunt Dominum et David agium in die ilia. Lo- cus autem in quo David agius eruditus est Vetus Rubus vocatur; crescebatque gratia plenus, visu amabilis ; illicque didicit David agius mdimenta, psalmos, lectiones totius auni, et missas, et sinaxin, ibique viderunt condiscipuli ejus columbam cum rostro aureo ad labia ejus ludentem cumque docentem, et ymnos Dei canentem; sed succedente tempore, cresentibusque virtutum mei'itis, virginem a sponse com- plexibus servans carnem probiter^ eifectus, sacerdotali dignitate sublimatus. Exinde perexit ad Paulinum scribam, discipulum Sancti Gemiani episcopi, qui in insula quadam gratam Deo vitam agebat, quique eum docuit in tribus partibus lectionis donee fuit scriba. Mansit autem ibi Sanctus David multis annis legendo, implendoque quod legebat. Contigit autem dum esset David agius apud Paulinum magistrum, ilium amis- sisse lumen oculoi-um suorum propter nimium dolorem eorum ; vocavitque cunctos discipulos suos ex ordine ut in- spicerent, et benedicereut oculos suos ; feceruntque sicut preceperat illis, et a nullo eorum accepit remedium. Tan- dem invitavit David agium ad se, et ait illi, "David agie, considera oculos meos, niultum enim me cruciant." Res- pnnditque David agius, et dixit, " Pater mi, ne mibi pre- cipias vultum tuum inspicere; decem enim anni sunt, ex quo tecum scripture opera dedi, et adhuc faciem tuam non aspcxi. ' Et ait Paulinus nimiam verecundiam admirans, ' -lyoidi, MS. äSic.N. I'ruhri.V. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 123 illius, " Quia ita est, satis erit ut palpando, benedicas ocu- los meos, et sanabor. Statimque ut tetigit eos, in ictu oculi sanati sunt; expulsis oculorum tenebris, sublatam magis- trum accepit luccm. Tunc grates Deo solvuntur, benedixit- que Paulinus David agium omnibus benedictionibus, que in veteri, et in novo testamento scripta sunt. Non post multum temporis angelus Paulino apparuit ; tempus erat, in quod, ut David agius, duplicatis ex com- mercio talentis, commissum sibi sapientic talentum, non terre fodiens lento desidie torpore pigrescet mandit ; sed acceptam domini sui pecuuiara meliore lucri incremento augescat, ut vite gaudium Domini constitutes aniraarnm manipulos ad superna eterne beatitudinis horrea cumulando aggreget. Nam quantis exhortationis ungue exaratis triti- ceis seminibus insertis, aliis quidam centenum, aliis sexage- num, aliis tricenum bone messis captavit fructum. In bove enim firme et asino exigue virtutis pariter non arans, sed aliis firmum vite panem, aliis pie exhortationis lac attribu- ens; quosdam inter cenobialis claustri septa coartans; quos- dam vero latioris vite sequentes diversa monitos eruditione a secularium voluptatum lubricis cujjiditatibus ablactans, omnibus omnia factus est. Nam duodecim ad laudem Dei monasteria fundavit ; primum adveniens Glastoniam, eccle- siam ibi construxit ; deinde venit Bathboniam, ibique morti- feram aquam benedictione sahitarem eíRciens lavandis cor- poribus dignam perpetuo donavit calore ; postea venit Croulan, at Repetun; inde ad Colquan, et Glascun, et altare anceps secum habebat. Hinc Legminstre monaster- ium itmdavit ; postea in regione Guent, in loco qui dicitur Raglan edificavit ecclesiam; deinde monasterium in loco qui dicitur Langemelach fundavit in regione Guhir, in quo postea altare missum accepit Pepiau, quo regem Erging cecum restauratis oculorum luminibus sanavit. Duo quo- que sancti Boducat et Martuin in proAancia Cetgueli de- derunt sibi manus ; his itaque ex more fundatis dispositis- que canonici ordinis utensilibus ac ordinata cenobialis habi- tus reg-ula, ad locum quo prius proficiscens exulaverat et 124 VITA SANCTI DAVID. ad Veterem Rubum rodiit. Ilabitabat autem ibi Guislian- us episcopus patruelis ejus ; cum autem colloquiis divinis inter se consolarentur ; sanctus inquit David, "Angelus Domini milii locutus, dixit, Ex loco in quo deservire pro- ponis, vix e centum unus poterit ad Dei regnum evadere ; ostenditque mihi locum ex quo pauci infernum intrabunt ; omnis enim qui cimiterio illius sana fide sepultus fuerit, misericordiam consequetur." Quadam vero die David, et tres ejus fidelissimi discipuli, multa condiscipulorum comitante turba, conveniunt ; Aid- anus scilicet, Eliud, et Ysmahel, pariterque una Concordes dilectione locum quem premonuerat, adeunt, id est Ro- sinam Vallem, quam vulgari nomine Hodnant Brittones vocitant ; in qua primo accenso in nomine Domini foco, fu- mus in sunimis elevatus totam ut apparebat insulam necnon et Iliberniam circumgirans implebat. Quidam autem ex vicinia loci propinquus satrapa magusque Baia, vocatus, Scottus, sparcis in mundo soils fulgoribus, arcis menibus re- sidens, viso tali signo hebetans, intremuit, tantaque permo- tus ira ut nee mcminisset prandii totum tristis pcregit diem; ad quem ejusdem mulier veniens, interrogansque cur insoli- tum mense oblivisceretur, quid tarn tristior, et tarn stupe- factus, inquit, " Solus meres^ ipse." Ad hec, ille, " Vidisse me," inquit, " dolens fumum ex Rosina Valle surgentem, qui omnem circumibat patriam ; certum enim teneo quod ejus incensor potestate et gloria cunctos antecellet in quamcun- que partem fumus liostie ejus circumivit, usque in fine mundi, namque quasi quodam prenuntio, fumus iste ejus fa- mam ])redicit." Cui, coiijux in insania versa " Surge," iuquit, "acccptaque servorum turba virum ilium et servos suos igncm accendentes super agros tuos absque precepto tuo tale ausos facinus, strictis insecutus gladiis cunctos interimo." Vcnerunt Baia satellitesque ejus ut occiderent David et disc'ipulos ejus, sed febris subito per viam gradientes tenuit cos, ncc potucrunt occidere David, aut pueros ejus, sed 1 VITA SANCTI DAVID. 125 blasphemaverunt Domiiium et David agium, malaque verba dixerunt. Neque enim nocendi voluntas deerat, quamvis eterno prohibita numine operandi facultas exinaniret. Do- mum inde regressi obviam invenerunt conjugem; "Pecora," inquit, " nostra et jumenta, et oves, et omnia animalia mortua sunt." Et lamentaverunt Baia et conjux ejus, et tota familia ejus valde, et ululaverunt omnes pariter, et dix- erunt, " Sanctus ille, et discipuli ejus quos blasphemavimus, mortificaverunt pecora nostra ; revertamus itaque flexisque jioplitibus misericordiam postulantes, servum Dei adoremus, ut si libere sic et nostri et pecoris misereatur." Revertentes- que servum Dei adeunt lacrimis et orationibus miseri- cordiam petentes, "Terra," inquiunt, "in qua es, tua in sem- piternum fiat." Deditque Baia eadem die David agio totam Rosinam Vallem, perpetuo possidendam. Servus autem Dei, David respondens benigno animo, " Pecora," in- quit, " vestra reviviscent." Invenitque Baia domum reversus pecora sua viva ac sana. Altera autem die uxor ejus livoris zelo accensa, convoca- tis ancillis, " Ite," inquit, " ad flumen quod dicitur Alun, et nudatis corporibus in conspectu sanctorum Indite exer- centes, impudicis utimini verbis. Ancille obediunt, impu- dicos exercent ludos, concubitus simulant blandos, amoris nexus ostendunt, monachorum mentes quorundam ad libi- dines protrahunt^ quorundam molestant. Cuncti vero disci- puli ejus illam intolerabilem injuriam non ferentes, dixerunt David agio, "Fugiamus de hoc loco, quia non possumus hie habitare propter molestiam muliercularium malignan- tium." Sanctus autem pater David patientie longanimitate solidus, cujus anima nee prosperii^ mollita dissolveretur, nee adversi'' fatigata tereretur, " Nostis," unquit, "quod odit vos mundus, sed scitote quod plebs Israelitica, comitante federis archa, terram repromissionis ingrediens, continuis preliorum periculis cesa nee tamen victa, insistentem prope et incir- cumcisum delevit populum, quod nostre victorie certamen 1 Perhilmnt, Vesp. '■' Properis, N. ^ Aiherds. N. 126 VITA SANCTI DAVID. manifesto signat indicio. Qui enim superne patrie pro- missum querit necessc est adversitatibiis fatigari nee tamen vinci, sed Clinsto coniite immundam vitiorum labem tandem superare: debemus, itaque non vinci a male, sed vincere in bono malum ; quia si Christus pro nobis, quis contra nos ; estote ergo fortes in superabili bello, ne de fuga nostra in- imicus noster gaudeat. Nos debemus manere, Baia autem deficere." His dictis discipulorum corda roboravit;et jeju- navit David in ilia nocte et discipuli ejus usque mane. In ilia die dixit conjunx Baia ad privignam suam, famulus simul, " Ad vallem Alun et queramus cucumeros illius, ut in- veniamus nuces in eis." At ilia Immiliter sue noverce respon- dit, dicens, " En ego prompta assum." Perexerunt pariter ad profimditatem vallis predicte ; cumque pervenissent illuc, noverca sedens delicate, ait ad priuignam suam, Dun- ant nomine, " Tribue caput tuum in sinu meo ; volo enim cirros tuos leniter investigare." At ilia puella innocens, que ab infantia sua pie ac caste inter pessimas mulierum turmas vixerat, vertit caput innocuum in sinum noverce sue. Sua vero noverca insaniens cito evaginavit novaculam suam, amputavitque cuput illius felicissime virginis ; san- guis vero ejus in terram, fluxit, fonsque lucifluus ab eo loco surrexit, qui multos hominum languores abunde sanavit, quem locum JMartiriura Dunant usque in hodiernam diem vulgus vocitat. Sua vero noverca a Baia fugit, nemoque sub cclo novit quonam morte vitam finivit ; bine Baia satrapa amariter flevit. David vero cum pueris suis laudem Deo eterno decantavit ; sicque destinavit Baia ut David agium occideret, at filius Paucant inimicus suus Lisci in arce suo caput ejus amputavit. Erat enim porta illius diliculo aperta, cum hostis inopinatus de nave venisset ; moxquc ignis de celo cecidit, totumque edificium suum cito com- bussit. Nemoque dubitet quod Dominus propter David scrvum suum percussit Baiam et uxorem ejus, nam qui viri Dei mortem sub cede minabatur, dignum est ut eum cedes persequitur, et (jui in servos Dei immisericors erat, sine misericordia vindicotur. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 127 Expulsa igitur Deo propitio inimicorum malitia, monas- tica in Domino classis in loco quem angelus premonuerat, insigne construxit monasterium ; perfectisque omnibus, ta- lem cenobialis propositi fervore rigorem sanctus decrevit pater, ut monachorum quisque cotidiano desudans operi manuum suam in commune transigeret vitam ; " Qui enim non laborat," ait apostolus, "non manducet." Noscens enim quod secura quies vitiorum fomes et mater esset, monachorum humeros divinis fatigationibus subjugavit; nam qui sub otii quiete tempora mentesque summittunt instabilem accidie spiritum libidinisque stimulos sine quiete parturiunt. Igitur impensorum studio, pede manuque la- borant ; jugum ponunt in humeris, suifossarias verangasque^ invicto brachio terre difigunt, sarculos serrasque ad succi- dendum Sanctis ferunt manibus. Cuncta congregationis necessaria propriis expendunt viribus; possessiones respu- unt, iniquorum dona reprobant, divitias detestantur ; boum nulla ad arandum cura introducitur. Quisque sibi et fratri- bus divitie, quisque et bos ; acto opere nullum audiebatur murmur, nullum preter necessarium habebatur colloquium; sed quisque aut oraudo, aut recte cogitando injunctum per- agebat opus. Peracto autem rurali opere, ad monasterii claustra rever- tentes, aut legendo aut scribendo, aut orando, totam ad ves- perum peragebant diem ; veniente autem vespere cum nole pulsus audiebatur quisquis studium deserebat, si enim in auribus cujuscunque pulsus resonaret, scripto litere, apice vel etiam dimidia ejusdem litere, figura citius assurgentes sua sinebant officia; sicque cum silentio, sine ulla colloquii fabulositati, ecclesiam petunt. Expletis psalmorum canticis, consona cordis et vocis intentione genuflexionibus inservi- unt quoadusque sidera celo visa finitum clauderent diem; solus autem pater egressis omnibus secreta Deo pro ecclesie statu fundebat orationem. Tandem ad mensam conveniunt quisque fessos artus accepte cene refectione relevant ; nee 128 VITA SANCTI DAVID. tamen ad saturitatein. Nimia enim satietas, quamvis solus panis, luxuriam gignit, set! tunc per impari corporum vel etatum statu, quisque cenam capit, non diversorum fercula saporum, non esculentiores pastus apponunt; sed pane et oleribus sale conditis ; pasti ardentem sitim temperato poti- onis genere restingunt. Infirrais tunc vel etate provectis, vel etiam longo itinere fatigatis, aliqua suavioris cibi oblec- tamenta procurant; non enim omnibus equali mensura pen- sandum est. Peracta autem gratiarum actione, ecclesiam canonica cum pulsatione,^ aderunt ibique quasi per tres lioras vigiliis, oratiouibus, genuflexionibus insistunt. Quam- diu autem in ecclesia orarent, nullus oscitare, nullus sternu- tationem facere, nullus salivam foras jacere, licenter aude- bat. His ita gestis sapori membra componuut, pullorum vero cantu expergefacti, oratione genuflexioni dediti, totam deinceps diem insomnem a mane usque producant noctem, sicque per ceteras noctes inserviunt. A uocte sabbati quousque post diliculum prima diei domi- nica hora lux eluxerit vigiliis, orationibus, genuflexionibus scse impendunt, excepta una tunc hora post sabbati matutinas; co- gitationes patri propalant,patris licentiam etiam vel ad nature requisita adquirunt. Omnia communia, nichil meum vel tu- um. Quisquis enim aut meum librum aut aliud aliquid pro- nuntiaret, protinus dure subderetur penitentie. Vilibus indu- ebautur vestibus, maxime pellinis; indeficiens" obedientia ad ]iatris imperium, nimia perseverantia in agendis actibus prohibita in omnibus. Nam qui sancti propositi conversati- onem desiderans, fratrum inire consortium postularet, prius decern diebus pre foribus monasterii quam reprobatus ; ncc non et verborum opprobriis confutatus^ remaneret. Si autem bene utens patientia ad decimum prestaret diem, acceptus prius sub seniore qui forte preesset constitutus serviebat, ibi- que per multum temporis desudans, fractisque multis animi adversitatibus, tandem fratrum merebatur inire consortium. Nichil habebatur superfluum, voluntaria diligebatur pauper- » CompuUiuM, N. a fro ùulefüsts. '■' Constiiutus cclla ho^päíi Intrant, N. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 1 29 tas ; nam quicuiique eorum conversationem cupiebat, nichil ejus substautie, quam mundo renuiitians dimisisset, vel unum, ut ita dicam, denarium in usum monasterii pater acciperet sanctus ; sed nudus veluti e naufragio evadens receptus ; ne- quacquam inter fratres extollens sese elevaret, vel sua ful- tus substantia equalem fratribus non iniret laborem ; aut reli- gionis habitum apportans^ vi extorqueat que monasterio re- liquit, et firniam pacientiam commoveat in iram. Ipse autem pater cotidianis lacrimarum fontibus exun- dans, thurificatis orationum holocausto matibus, redolens gemine caritatis ardore, flagrans debitam dominici corporis oblationem puris sacrabat manibus, sicque ad angelicum solus post matutinas horas pergebat alloquium. Ilinc pro- tinus frigidam petebat aquam, in qua diutius morando rigens oninem carnis ardorem domitabat. Totam deinceps diem, docendo, orando, genuflectendo, curam fratrum faci- endo, nee non et orphanorum, pupillorum, viduarum, egen- tium, debilium, infinnantium, peregrinorum, multidudiuem pascendo immobilis, et indefessus ducebat. Sicque incepit, peregit, finivit; reliqua autem ejus discipline rigoris, quam- vis ad imitandum necessaria, i)roposita compendii brevitas vetat nos exponere; sed Egyptios monachos imitatus, simi- lem eis duxit vitam. Audita itaque boni odoris fama David agii, reges, princi- pes, seculares deserunt sua regna, ejusque monasterium pe- tuut; hinc contigit ut Constantinus, Cornubiensium rex, suum desereret regnum, ac indomita ante sue elevationis, colla humilitatis obedientie in hujus patris cella snbjugaret Ibique diu fideli conversatus servitio, tandem in aliam lon- ginquam patriam monasterium fundavit ; sed quia satis de ejus conversatione locuti sumus, nunc iterum ad ejus mira- cula redeamus. Quadam Abbatem die convenientes in unum fi-atres con- queruntur, " liocus iste," inquiunt, " liyeme habet aquas, sed estate vix tenui rivulo fluvius illabitur." His auditis. ' A;pXirf:ikiis, N. 130 VITA SANCTI DAVID. sanctus proficiscens pater ad proximum locum, quo euin an^-elus alloquebatur^ perrexit, ibique setlule ac diutissime doprccans elevatis in celum oculis, necessariam petivit aquam, cum voce orantis, fons lucidissime^ affluxit aque. Et quia vineis fructifera non erat patria ad efficiendum domiuici corporis et sanguinis sacramentum, in vinum versa est, ita ut in tempore suo nunquam indiguerit mero, a Do- mino Deo tali nostro donum fuit dignissimum ; sed et alias dulces aquas a discipulis ad patris imitationem datas liomi- num utilitati, et sanitati proficuas novimus. Quadani quoque die, quidam rusticus, nomine Terdi, de- precans multum,^ caritatis petebat officia, " Terra," inquiens, " nostra aqua est exhausta, quare laboriosam ad aquandam, quia e longinquo distat fluvius, habemus viam." Sanctus autem pater proximorum compatiens necessitati, humilis in- gressus est credens quod supplici petentis postulatione, et ejus humillima compassione aquam poterat invenire. Egre- diens itaque et aperiens paululum baculi cuspide glebe superficiem, fons emanavit lucidissimus, qui perpetua cbul- liens vena, frigidissimam caloris tempore donat aquam. Alio autem tempore, dum Sanctus Aidanus, ejus discipulus, casu quodam ad firmandum doctrine acceptum, foris legeret, monasterii afluit Prepositus imperans ei ut ad deportanda de valle ligna acceptis duobus bobus abiret. Erat enim silva in longinquo posita; discipulus autem Aidanus citius dicto obediens, nee claudendi librum moram accipiens, sil- vam petit; paratis autem lignis, jumentisque impositis, re- gredicns viam carpit ; via autem qua ad preruptum gradie- batur precipitium cum veliiculo boves precipitati sunt in mare. Rucntibus autem signum imponit crucis; atque ita factum est ut ex undis sanos et incolumes cum vehiculo ac- cipiens boves, letus ingrederetur viam; cum autem iter faceret tanta pluviarum inundantia exoritur, ut fosse rivulis flue- runt. Pcrfccto itinere, solutisque e labore bobus, ubi librum reliquerat, ingrcditur; sicque apertum et a pluviis illesum ' A nijdi lojudanUr, N. a Uukmimc, N. ^ Orans ct muUma dqmcans, N. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 131 repperit, sicut dimisit. Fratribiis autem liec aiidientibus, et patris gratia et tliscipuli liumilitas pariter coUaudantur ; nam patris gratia librum indicabat a pluviis iiitactum obedi- enti servatum discipulo, discipuli autem biimilitas boves patri custodit incolumes. Sanctus autem Aidanus ad ple- num eraditus, virtutibus pollens, plurimum excoctis ad purum vitiis, Hiberniam petit; constructoque monasterio ibi quod Hibernensi lingua Guernin vocatur, sanctissimam duxit vitam. Cum autem nocte Paschali orationem impensius asse- querctur, apparuit ei angelus, inquiens, " Nosti quod vene- rabili Sancto David, vestro scilicet patri, crastina die, vene- num a quibusdam fratribus ad prandium apponetur." Sanctus autem Aidanus respondens, "Nescio," inquit. Cui angelus, " Mitte," ait, " ex ministris quendam patri ad indicandum." Respondens autem sanctus Aidanus, " Nee navis," inquit, "parata; nee ventus ad navigaudum est directus." Cui angelus inquit, "Condiscipulus tuns, Scutinus nomine, ad litus pergat maris, ego enim eum illuc transferam." Disci- pulus autem obediens litus petit, mare intrat ad genu. Ac- cipiens autem eum belua transvexit ad civitatis confinia; peractis autem Paschalis festivitatis solemniljus, sanctus pater David refectorium ad prandium una cum fratribus petit. Cui obvius factus est quondam discipulus ejus Scu- tinus ; narratis omnibus que erga eum gesta fuerunt, et que de illo angelus mandaverat pariter in refectorium discum- bunt, leti gratias Deo agentes. Finita oratione assurgens diaconus, qui patri ministrare^ consueverat panem veneno confectum- mense imponit, cui coquus et economus consen- serant. Scutinus autem, qui et Scolanus aliud nomen habet, se erigens, "Hodie," inquit, "nullum fratrem patri ministe- rium adbibebit; ego enim impendam." Diaconus autem confusus abscedens, facti conscius, habetans diriguit; ac- cepitque David agius panem ilium venenosum, dividensque in tres partes, unam dedit canicule foris stanti juxta ostium; ^ Primmn ministerie, T. ^ Infedxim, N. 132 VITA SANCTI DAVID. statimque ut morsum gustasset misera morte vitam finivit ; omiies eiiiiu pile illius in ictu oculi cecidemnt, ita ut vis- cera ejus foras erunipcreut, corio passim infracto ; stupue- nintque fratres onines illud videntes. Misitque David agius alteram partem corvo qui erat in nido suo in fraxino, qui erat inter refectorium et amnem ad australem plagam, mox- que ut rostro tetigit, exanimis de arbore cecidit. Tertiam vero partem, David agius tenuit iu manu sua, et benedixit, comeditque cam cum gratiarum actione, inspexeruntque in eum cuncti fratres miro modo, stupeutes quasi per tres lioras ; ipse autem, uullo mortiferi veneni signo apparente, intrepidus vitam servavit incolumem. Nunciavitque David agius fratribus suis omnia que ab illis tribus predictis viris facta fuerunt. Surrexeruntque fratres omnes, et planxerunt, malidixeruntque illos viros dolosos, economum et coquum, et diacouum, dampnaveruntque eos, et successores eorum uno ore, dicentes nunquam habituros eos partem regni ce- lestis in eternum. Alio quotjue tempore cum inextinguibile desiderium ad sanctorum Petri et Pauli apostolorum reliquias visitandas liaberet, inter cctcros fidelissimus ille abbas Hibernensium, cui nomen Barri, sanctam jieregrinandi viam indefessis car- pebat pjantis ; perfecto saluturi voto, ad monasterii claustra revertens, sanctum visitabat virum, David agium ; ibique per aliquantulum temporis in divinis coloquiis ex voto mnratus, prepedita ventorum indigentia navi qua patriam revisere ]iaraverat, longiori retardabatur mora. Timens autem no sine abbato, in fratribus contentiones, lites, rixe, soluto cari- tatis vinculo, exorirentur, veluti apes, rege peremto, favorum cellas quas tenaci glutine solidaverant diruunt, evertunt, sollicita jicrscrutatus mente mirabile invenit iter. Nam quodam die equum, in quo sanctus pater David ad ecclesias- ticas utilitates insidere consueverat, petivit, concessum ac- cepit. Accepta patris benedictione portum petit, mare intrat, fidens patris benedictione ac sustentaculo equi, uti- tur i)ro navi equus, enim tumentes fluctuum cumulos,^ ecu ' Tnmattcm fíudmm cumulum, N. 1 VITA SANCTI DAVID. 133 planum parabat campum ; cum autem in mare lougius gra- deretur, apparuit ubi Sanctus Brendanus super marinum cetum miram ducebat vitam. Sanctus autem Brendanus hominem in mare videns equitantem, stupefactus, ait, " Mi- rabilis Dominus in Sanctis suis." Eques appropinquabat ubi erat, ita ut salutare se invicem possent. Salutantibus illis se mutuo, Brendanus rogat unde esset, et a quo venisset, et quomodo in mare equitasset. Cui Barre narratis sue per- egrinationis causis, inquit, " Cum me prepedita navis a fra- tribus suspenderet, Sanctus pater David equum, in quo insidere consueverat, ut ea necessitate fungerer donavit; sic- que ejus bendictione munitus ad talem ingressus sum viam." Cui Brendanus, "Vade," inquit, "in pace, ego veniam, et videbo eum." Barre autem illeso gressu patriam adiit, fra- tribus erga eum que gesta fuerunt narravit ; equum in celle ministerio usque ad obitum ejusdem tenuemnt. Post obi- tum vero admiraculi memoriam depictam equi imaginem formavei'unt, que usque adhuc auro tecta in Ilibernensium insula habetur, qua etiam signorum copia claret. Alio quoque tempore, alius ejus discipulus, Modomnoc^ nomine, cum fratribus, viam prope civitatis confinia in pro- clivio cavabat, quo ad deferenda necessitatum onera vianti- bus facilior fieret accessus. Ipse autem cuidam ex laboran- tibus inquit, "Quid tu tarn desidiose, et segniter^ laboras." At ille adloquentis verba iracundiaî permotus spiritu ferrum quod manu tenebat, id est bipennem, in altum elevans, in vertice eum ferire conatus est. Sanctus autem pater David hoc a longe aspiciens, facto crucis signo, manum ad illos elevavit ; sicque manus ferientis arida^ facta est. Verum pene tertia pars, vel quarta Hibernie servit David aquilento ubi fuit Maidoc, qui et Aidanus ab infautia; cui dedit Sanctus David tintinnabulum, quod vocatur Crucdin. Sed ille navigans ad Hiberniam oblitus est tintinabuli sui; misitque Maidoc nuntium ad David agium, ut transmitteret ad se gratum tintinnabulum. Aitque Sanctus David, "Perge ^ Modunnam, N. " Seanc, N. ^ A ruit, N. 134 VITA SANCTI DAVID. puer ad magistrum tuum." Et factum est dum reverteretnr legatus ille, occc ftiit tintinnabulum crastina juxta Aidaniun clarum, angel o portaute trans mare antequam venisset iiun- tius ejus. Postquam autem predictus Sanctus Modomnoc longa annorum vertigine obedientie ac hmnilitati deditus fuerat, crescentibus virtutum meritis, Hiberniam petiit insulam, in iiavim ingressum cuncta apum multitudo eum secuta est, secumque in navi ubi insederat collocavit in prora navis ; nam eadem apum multiludo stationibus inserviens, cum reliquo fraternitatis opere alveariis ad nutriendos examinum fetus, operam dedit quo indigentibus aliqua suavioris cibi oblecta- menta procuraret. Ipse autem fruere communionis fraude non tolerans, iter- um sancti patri presentiam risitans, repedavit apum comi- tatus turba queque ad sua volitant. Cui benedixit David pro humilitate sua. Hinc patri fratribusque valedicens salu- est, tatus,abiit; sed iterum apes eum sequuntm-; sicque factum ut si quando ipse egrediebatur, ut ipsum sequerentur. Ter- tio iterum ille navigavit aliquamdiu, et factum est sicut pri- us secutaque sunt eum examina, reversusque est ad David tribus vicibus ; tertia vice dimisit David agius ISIodomnoc navigare cum apibus, et benedixit eas, inquiens, " Terra ad quam properatis vero sit abundans semine, nunquam ex ea verum deficiat germen. Nostra autem civitas a vobis erit in cternum deserta, nunquam in ea fetus vester excrescat. Quod nunc usque servatum experimento didicimus; nam ad ejusdcm patris civitatem examina comperimus deportata, sed ibi per aliquantum temporis mansitantes decrescendo dcficiunt. Ilibcrnia autem in qua nunquam usque ad illud tempus apes vivcre jiotcrant, mellis fertilitate^ ditatur." Itaque sancti patris benedictione Hibernia creverunt in in- sula, cum constat eas nequaquam ibi prime vivere potuisse, nam si Ilibernicnsem Immum ant lapidem mediis apibus imitteres, disperse atque fugaces nimiuni devitarent. ' Simia mMUfenüÜate, N. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 135 Crescentibiis meritis, autem crescunt et bononim^ digni- tates; nam quadam nocte ad eum aiigelus aifuit, cui inquit, " Crastina die percingens calcia te lerusalem usqvie pergere proficiscens, optatam carpe viam. Sed et alios duos comites itineris vocabo, Eliud scilicet qui nunc Teliau vulgo voca- tur, qui quondam ejus monastrio interfuit monachus, nee non et Paternum, cujus conversatio atque virtutes in sua continentur hystoria." Sanctus autem pater admirans ipsum preceptum, dixit, "Quomodo hoc fiet, nam quos promittis comites trium vel eo amplius dierum spatio a nobis vel a semetipsis, distant. Nequicquam ergo pariter crastina con- veniemus die." Angelus ad euni nuntiat, " Ego hac nocte ad quemque illorum vadam, et ad condictum quod nunc os- tendo convenient." Sanctus autem David iiichil moratus, dispositis cellule utilitatibus accepta fratrum benedictione, primo mane iter incepit, pervenit ad condictum, reperit ibi promissos fratres; pariter viam intrant, equalis commeatus, nullus enim mente alio prior quisque eorum minister, quis- que dominus^ sedula oratio lacrimis viam rigant ; quo amplius pes incederet amplius merces excresceret, una illis anima, una letitia, unus dolor. Cum autem trans mare Brittannicum vecti, Gallias adir- ent alienigenas diversarum gentium linguas audirent, lin- guarum gratia^ ceu apostolicus ille cetus ditatus est jJater David, ut ne in extraneis degeutes gentibus interprets eger- ent, et ut aliorum fidem veritatis verbo firmarent. Tan- dem ad optate civitatis lerusalem confinia pervenerunt; nocte autem ilia ante eorum adventum, Patriarche in somp- nis apparuit angelus, dicens, " Tres ab occidentis finibus catholici adveniunt viri, quos cum gaudio et hospitalitatis gratia suscipies, et mihi in episcopatum consecrabis." Pa- triarcha vero tres honoratissimas sedes paravit; advenienti- bus autem Sanctis ad civitatem, magno letatus est gaudio, eos benigne suscipiens paratis sedibus, spirituali colloquio freti, grates Deo referunt. Deinde divina fultus electione 136 VITA SANCTI DAVID. ad arcliicpiscojiatum David agiuni proveliit; his peractis eos alloqiicns Patriarcha, "Obedite," iiiquit, '-voci mee, et que jirccipio attcndite,Judeorum,"inquit,"potestas invalescit in Cliristianos ; nos commovent, fidem repellunt, parate vos itaqiic, et ad predicationem singvuis procedite diebus, ut eorum violentia confutata coiiquieseat, noscens Cbristianam fidem occidentis finibus divulgatam, ac ultimis terre extre- mitatibus decantatam." Obediunt imperio, predicant sin- guli, per singulos dies, fit grata predicatio, plures conver- tunt ad fidem, alios roborant; perfectis omnibus ad patriam conaiitur redire. Tunc patrem David Patriarcha quatuor muneribus ditavit, altari scilicet consecrato, in quo dominicum jacebat corpus, quidem innumeris virtutibus pollens, nunquam ab homini- bus ab ejus pontificis obitu visum est, sad pelleis velamini- bus tectum, absconditum latet; Insigni etiam nola, sed et ipsa virtutibus claret; baculo, et auro^ texta tunica; qui baculus gloriosis choruscus miraculis totam insignis predica- tur per patriam. "Sed quia," inquit Patriarcha, "laboriosa vobis sunt in itinere ad ferendum ad patriam, redeuntes in pace revertimini; ego autcm post vos transmittam." Patri valedicunt, patriam adveniunt. Quisque autem eorum Pa- triarche promissum expectantes per angelos missa sua ac- cipiunt munera; David quidem in monasterio, cui nomen Langemclack, Paternus autem et Eliud quisque eorum in suo monasterio. Inde ea vulgus vocat e celo venientia. Quia vero post Sancti Gerraani secundo auxilia Pelagiana hcresis sue obstinationis nervos, veluti venenosi serpentis virus, intimis patrie compaginibus inscrens, reviviscebat, universalis cunctorum Brittannie episcoporum sinodus colli- gitur. Collcctis itaque centum decem et octo episcopis, iniumierosa affuit multitudo presbiterorum, abbatum, ceter- orum ordinum, regum, principum, laicorum virorum, femi- uaruni, ita ut cuncta circumqueque loca grandis nimis cxcrcitus operiret. Ejnscopi autem inter se musitant, di- VITA SANCTI DAVID. 137 centes, "Nimia adest multitudo, et non solum vox, sed etiam tube clangor in cunctorum auribus insonare nequibit ; totus itaque fere populus, a predicatione intactus, hereticam se- cum labem domum repctens, reportavit." Tali ergo sub conditione populo predicare disponitur, ut erecto vestimen- toram cumulo in altum terre, unus desuper stando predica- ret. At quicunque tali sermonis gratia ditaretur, ut in cunctorum auribus, qui ex longo distabant ejus insonaret loquela, metropolitanus arcliiepiscopus omnium fieret con- sensu. Doinde constituto loco, cui nomen Brevi, erecta vestimentorum turre predicare nituntur; sed quasi obstruso gutture vix ad proximos quosque sermo progreditur, popu- lus expectat verbum sed maxima pars non audit. Alter post alteram disputare conabatur, sed nicliil valent. Fit magna angustia, timent populum indiscussa heresi sua re- meare. "Predicamus," inquiunt," et nichil lucramur; iu- cassum ergo noster redigitur labor." Assurgens autem episcoporum quidam, Paulinus dictus, cum quo quondam Sanctus David pontifex legerat, et inquit, " Quidam qui a patriarcha episcopus factus, nostre adbuc non aflliit synodo, vir facuudus, gratia plenus, religione probabilis, cui angelus comis est, vir amabilis, vultu venustus, forma preclarus, qua- tuor cubitorum statura erectus, ilium ergo meo invitate consilio." Nuntii protinus mittuntur, pervenerunt ad sanctum epis- copum, nunciant ad quod venerant. Sanctus autem episcopus renuit, " Nemo," inquiens, " temptet me, quod ipsi neque- unt, qualis sum ut ego possim; agnosco humilitatem meam, ite in pace ;" secundo et tertio legati mittuntur ; sed neque sic adquiescit. Tandem sanctissimi viri ac fidelissi- mi mittuntur, fratres, Daniel et Dubritius; Sanctus autem David episcopus prophetic spiritum previdens, inquit ad fratres, " Hodie, fratres sanctissimi viri nos adeunt, leto animo eos excipite, pisces ad prandium cum pane et aqua adquirite." Adveniunt fratres, mutuo se salutant, spiritu- ali utuntur colloquio ; prandium apponitur ; affirmant nunquam se suo in monasterio pransuros, nisi secum ad 138 VITA SANCTI DAVID. synodum recurrat. Sanctus autem ad hec dixit, " Negarc vobis nou possum, prandete, pariter visitabimus sjiiodum, sed tunc prcdicare iiequeo, orationibus tamen quantulum- cuuque juvamen feram." Proficiscentes autem ad proximum syiiodi locum perve- niunt, et ecce juxta funestum audienmt luctum ; Sanctus autem ad socios ait, " Ego ubi ingens habetur ulutatus per- gam ;" Responderunt autem socii et dixemnt, " Nos con- gTegationem ademus, ne nostra tarditas expectantes moles- tat." Vir vero Dei egrediens, perrexit ad locum ulutatus,^ aderat juxta amnem Theibi ; et ecce orbata mater corpus extincti pueri servabat qui INIagnus vocabatur ; beatus vero David consolans matrem monitis sublevavit eam salutari- bus; at ilia audita ejus famam^ ante pedes ejus corruens, importuuis deprecatur clamoribus, ut sui misereatur. Com- passus autem vir Dei infirmitati humane, ad corpus ex- tincti accedens, faciem lacrimis rigavit atque super defuncti funus corruit, oravitque ad Dominum, et dixit, " Domine Dcus mens, qui in hunc mundum pro nobis peccatoribus de sinu Patris descendisti, ut nos redimes de faucibus antiqui hostis, miserere istius vidue, et da vitam unico filio suo, at- que inspira in eo spiraculum vite, ut magnificetur nomeii tuum in universa ten-a." Tandem vero calefactis membris redeunte anima corjius intremuit, tenensque pueri manum vivum et sanum matri restituit. Mater autem tristes fletus in letas vertit lacrimas, dicens, " Miclii mortuus fllius erat, tibi vero et Deo amodo vivat." Accipiens autem sanctus vir puerum evangelii textum quod semper in pectore gere- bat, ejus Lumcris imposuit ; atque secum ad synodum ire fecit; quique postea, vita comite multis annis sanctam^ duxit conversationem ; et omnes qui vidunt illud miracu- lum, laudavemnt Dominum et David agium. Synodum inde ingreditur; gaudet episcoporum turba, jiopulus letatus, omnis exultat exercitus, predicare petitus concilii scntentiam noii res])uit. Jubeut constructum ves- ' AffuU uli luclus crat, N. ' Fama. N. a v^,,,,,;,,,,, V. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 139 tibiis ciimulum conscendere, at ille recusavit ; jussit itaque puerum nnper resuscitatum, sudarium suum sub pedibus exponere. Ipse qiiidem super illud stans evaugelium et legem quasi ex buccina exposuit ; coram autem cunctis nivea celitus emissa columba in ejus humeris resedit, que tamdiu permansit quamdiu ille predicavit. Cum autem clara voce omnibus, et qui in proximo, et qui in longinquo erant equaliter predicaret, terra sub ipso accrescens attoUi- tur in collem ; ab omnibus in summo positus cernitur ut in montem excelsum stans quasi tuba exaltaret vocem suam. In cujus collis cacumine ecclesia sita est ; lieresis expelli- tur, sanis pectoribus fides roboratur; omnes consentiunt grates Deo sanctoque David solvuntur. Deinde omnium ore benedictus atque magnificatus, cunctorum consensu episcoporum, regum, principum, optimatum, et omnium ordinum tocius Britannice gentis, arcliiepiscopus constitu- itur, nee non civitas ejus tocius patrie metropolis dedicatur, ita ut quicunque earn regeret archiepiscopus haberetur. Expulsa igitur heresi, catholice et ecclesiastice regule decreta firmantur, que crebra atque crudeli hostium irrup- tione, exinanita, ac pene oblivioni data evanuerunt. Ex quibus quasi gravi sompno expergefacti, bella Domini cer- tatim quique peragere, que in vetustissimis patris scriptis, sua sancta manu mandata ex parte inveniuntur. Deinde succedente temporum serie alia colligitur synodus, cui no- men Victorie; in qua collecta episcoporum, sacerdotum, abbatum turba, ea que in priori firmaverunt, adjectis etiam de aliquantis utilitatibus, firmo rigoris examine renovant. Ex his igitur duabus synodis, omnes nostre patrie ecclesie modum et regulam Romana auctoritate acceperunt ; qua- rum decreta que ore firmaverat, solus i])se episcopus sua sancta manu Uteris mandavit. Per cuncta igitur tocius patrie loca raonasteria construx- ere fratres ; passim et ecclesiarum signa audiuntur, passim orationum voces ad sidera elevantur, passim virtutes ad ec- clesie sinum indefessis humeris reportantur, passim caritatis vota patenti manu egenis parciuntur. Sanctus autem 140 VITA SANCTI DAVID. David cpisco])ns, cunotonim summus speculator, summns protector, siiramus jiredicator, a quo omiies norniam, atquc formam recto vivcndi itinera acce])erunt, eíFectus est. Ipse cunctis ordo, ipse dedicatio, ipse benedictio, ipse absolutio, correctio, Icgentibus doctrina, egentibus vita, oriilianis nu- trimentum, viduis fulcimen, patribus caput, monachis regu- la, sccularibus via, omnibus omnia, quanta monaclioram ex- aniina seminavit, quanta cunctis utilitate profuit, quanta virtutum gloria claruit. Dederuntque universi episcopi ma- nus et monarchiam, et bragminationem David agio, et consenserunt omnes licitum esse refugium ejus, ut daret illud omni stupro et bomicide et peccatori, omnique maligno fugienti de loco ad locum pro omni sancto ac regibus et hominibus toti Brittanice insule in omni regno, et in una- quaque regione in qua sit ager consecratus David agio. Et nulli reges, neque seniores, neque satrape, sed neque episcopi principesve ac sancti audeant príB David agio refugium dare; ipse vero refugium ducit ante unumquemque bominem, et nemo ante ipsum, quia ipse est caput et previus ac brag- maticus omnibus Brittonibus. Et statuerunt omnes sancti anathema esset et maledictum, quisquis non servaverit illud decretum, scilicet refugium sancti David. Sicque ad senium productus, omnis Brittanice gentis caput, et patrie honor canobatur quod senium centum quadraginta septem ad modum annis complevit. Cum autem ad compensanda mcritorum premia sancta^ immineret dies, octavo calendarum Älartii fratribus matuti- nas horas celebrantibus, angelus ad eum locutus, clara prc- fatus voce, "Desiderata," inquit, "dudum dies jam in proximo habetur." Sanctus autem episcopus amicam nos- cens^ vocem, exultanti animo ad eum dixit, " Nunc dimittc servum tuum, Domine, in pace." Fratres autem sonitum^ tantum auribus capientes, nee tamen verborum discrimen intelligcntes audicrant, cnim eos colloquentes pariter exter- riti cccidorunt in terrain. Tunc ano-elorum concentibus VITA SANCTI DAVID. 141 odorisque saporiferi et fragrantia tota impletur civitas. Sanctus autem episcopus^ damans voce magna, erecta in celum mente loquitur, " Domine Jesu Christe, accipe spiri- tum meum." Angelus iterum, conspicua voce, fratribus in- telligentibus, inquit, " Prepara te, et percinge kalende Martii, Dominus noster Jesus Christus multa constipatus angelorum militia, in obviam tibi adveniet." His auditis, fratres concussis siugTiltibus nimium fecerunt planctum ; ingens exoritur tristitia, fletibus civitas redundat, dicens^ " Sancte David, episcope, aufer tristitiam nostram." Ille autem deraulcens eos blandisque consolationibus, sustollens aiebat, " Fratres, constantes estote, juguni quod accepisits unanimes^ ad finem perducite, quecunque vidistis et audis- tis custodite,^ et implete." Ab ilia ergo hora, usque ad diem obitus sui in ecclesia remanens omnibus predicabat. Amen. Fama itaque per universam Brittaniam, Hyberniamque velocissime in una die portata est ab angelo, dicens, "Scitis quod in sequent! ebdomada dominus noster, David agius de hac luce migrabitur ad Dominum.'' Tunc concursus sancto- rum undique, veluti apes, procella imminente, alveario, ac- ceduut,'' et ad sanctum patrem visitandum velociter festi- nant ; lacrimis civitas exundat, ulutatus ad sidera resonat ; juvenes ut patrem, senes ut filium lugent ; die autem inter- veniente Dominica, audiente maxima multitudine nobilissi- mam faciens predicationem, intemeratis manibus domini- cum sacrabat corpus ; participato autem corpore et san- guine Domini, mox dolore correptus infirmabatur ; finito officio, benedictoque populo alloquitur omnes dicens, "Fratres mei, perseverate in his que a me dedicistis, et mecum vidistis; ego tertia feria in kalendis Martii, patrum viam ingrediar; vos valete in Domino, ego autem proficis- car; in hac terra nunquam nos amplius visuri sumus." Tunc omnium fidelium vox erecta est in luctum et in lamentationes, dicens, "O utinam absorberet nos terra, com- ' Ipse, V. ^ Resultat, N. » Unanimcs deest N. ■■ CustodUe deest, N. 5 Migrabit ad cdum, N. '' Proceduni, N. 142 VITA SANCTI DAVID. bureret nos ignis, cooperiret nos mare. O utinam subita irruptione mors corriperet nos, utinam monies irruerent super nos." Onines pene succmnbebant morti; a nocte vero dominica usque ad quartam post ejus obitum feriam, flebiles, jujuni, vigiles, omnes permansere, advenientes ; veniente itaque tertia feria, ad pullorum cautus, angelicis civitas impletur choris, celicis modulata cantibus, odore re- ferta suavissimo. Matutina vero bora, clero jisalmorum ymnos et cantica^ reddente, Dominus Jesus sui presentiam ad patris consolationem impertiri, ceu per angelum pro- miserat, dignatus est. Eo viso totus in si)iritum exultans, "Tolle me," inquit, "post tc." Cum bis verbis, Christo comite, vitam Deo reddidit, atque angelica comitatus cater- va, celestia petiit liniina. O Quis tunc ferre sanctorum fletus et gravia suspiria anaclioritarum, gemitum sacerdotum, rugitus discipulorum dicentium a quo docebimur, planctum peregrinorum dicen- tium, "A quo adjuvabimur;" desperationem regum dicen- tium, "A quo ordinabimur, corrigimur, instituemur; quis clementissimus pater sicut David, quis interpellet pro nobis ad Dominum." Lamentationes populorum, ululatum pau- ])erum, vociferationes infirmorum, clamorem monarchorum, lacrimas virginum, conjugatorum, penitentium, juvenum, juvcntarum, puerorum, puellarum, infantium sugontium maniillas; Quid moror. Omnium vox una plangentium erat; reges cnim ut arbitrum lugebant, seniores ut fratrem plangebant, adolescentes ut patrem ilium bonorabant qui- nimo quern omnes ut Deum venerabantur. Corpus itaque ejus sanctorum fratrum ulnis apportatum, magno con- stipatum comitatu, lionorifice terre mandatum in sua se- jiclitur civitate. Anima vero ejus sine ullo decidui evi ter- mino per infinita coronatur secula seculorum. Ipse nos suis Sanctis intersessionibus conjungat angelorum civibus, cujus devote cclebramus solempnitatem in terris,^ prestante Deo et Domino nostro Jesu Christo, cui est honor ct gloria per in- finita secula seculorum. Amen, ' Unimoi ad canlica, N. s /« terns desiint, N. VITA SANCTI DAVID. 148 Hec et alia pliira, dum corrujitibile, et aggravans ani- niam gerebat habitaculum, sanctus operatus est pater David. Sed ex pluribus, pauca ad restvingendam arden- tium sitim vili sermonis vasculo ministravimus, veluti cum quisque angustioris^ finale gremio,^ emanantem perpetuo fonte fluvium ad siccum haixrire iiequit, ita cimcta mira- culorum signa, ac devotissimam virtutum operationem, pre- ceptommque observantiam, nullus quamvis stilo ferreo, cartis mandare poterit. Sed hec, ut diximus, ex plurimis, pauca omnibus ad exemplum et patris gloriam, in unum col- legimus,- que in vetustissimis patrie, maxime ipsius civitatis, sparsim inventa scriptis, que assidua tinearum edacitate, ac annosis evitere braminibus per boras et cardines corrosa ; ac ex antiquo seniorum stilo conscripta nunc usque super- sunt, in unum cumulata; veluti ex florigero diversarum herbarum horto, quasi subtilissime apis rostro sugens, ad tanti patris gloriam et aliorum utilitatem ne pereant colle- gi. Ea vero que continuis tcmporum intervallis, deposita carnis sarcina, ac contemplata facie ad faciem deitate tan- tum verius agit et operatus est, quantum Deo conjunctius inherescit ex multorum relatione^ qui voluerit, agnoscere poterit. Miclii autem, qui Ricemarchus nominor, quique ingenioli mei capacititem* his quamvis temerarius subdidi, quicunqiie hec devota perlegerint mente, precibus deferant juvamen, ut quia patris veluti verni dementia ad pauxillum intelligentie florem estivo carnis ardore pervexit, tandem me ante mei cursus terminum, exsiccatis concupiscentie vapo- ribus, ad frugem bone messis maturis operibus perducat; ut cum messores separata inimici zizania, horrea celestis patrie purgatissimis impleveriut mauipulis, me veluti novis- sime messis fasciculum intra celestis porte atrium, conspecto sine fine Deo, coUocent, qui est benedictus super omnia Deus in secula seculorum. Amen. ^ Condixinius, N. ' Capacitate. 144 VITA SANCTI DAVID. 'De Genealogia Sancti David. Incipit Genealogia Sancti David, archiepiscopi tocius Brittanie, Dei gratia, et predestinatione. David fuit filius Sant, Sant filius Cheretic, Cheretic filius Cuneda, Cuneda filius Etcrn, Etern filius Patern, Patern filius Peisrud, Peisrud filius Docil, Docil filius Gurdeil, Gurdeil filius Dumn, Dumn filius Guordumn, Guordumn filius Amguoil, Amguoil filius Amgueret, Amgueret filius Omid, Omid filius Perum, Perum filius Dobun, Dobun filius louguen, louguen filius Abalach, Abalach filius Fugen, Fugen filius Fudolen, Fudolen filius Fugen, Fugen filius sororis Marie. E.if licit Vita Sancti David Episcopi et Confessoris. MiSSA DE EODEM. Deus, qui beatum confessorem tuuni David, atque pontifi- ccm, angelo nuntiante, Patricio prophetante trigiuta annis antequani nasceretur, predixisti, quesumus ut cujus memo- riam recolemus, ejus intercessions ad etenia gaudia per- veniamus per secula seculorum. Hostias laudis, et preces devotionis quas tibi in bonore beati confessoris tui David, atque pontificis omnipotens Deus deferimus, placatus intende, et quod nostrum non optinet meritum, tua dementia, et illius pro nobis frequeus intercessio efíìciant." Post Communionem. Replcti, Domine, sacramenti participatione, quesumus ut sancti David confessoris tui atque pontificis meritis, cujus gloriosam celebramus festivitatem, inefiabilis misericordie tue patrocinia scntiamus. Ucliijua ScripUi Jesunt, K. OFTHE UNIVERSITY OF ^ t, ? «Ì S 5 T tóllli ö^'IIb îltllll 21 VII. INCIPIT VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII, REGIS ET CONFESSORIS. IIHo. KALEND. APRILIS. 1. De (livisione liereditatis. ^ OÛÍIÍôôímUÖ rex Gliuusus Australium Britonum genuit •^^^ filium, successorem simm Giinlyu eximiuni, a cujus vo- cabulo nominata est regio Gunlyuuauc per evum. Hie floruit filius dum puer ut flosculus, dum juvenis lit flos ubeiTÌmiis . in florido, florebant flores, crescebant leges ut fruges de floribus; adolevit etas juvenilis in regali militia. Iste geni- tus celeberrime ex utraque linea, mater enim Celebris nobi- lisima; ut genitoris sic genitricis prosapia, nee mirum, si cla- reret clarior aureo metallo cum processsit, bsec amborum talis generatio. Post obitum genitoris clarissimi, unusquisque filiorum contendebat dominari; hereditas divisa est cum fratribus in pagis enumeratis septem vicibus; hie partitor conveniens in fratrum collegio, nullus expers sed particeps ex jure bereditario. Major natu posset totum eontinere, sed nolebat sues fratres suppriniere ; non subpressor, sed nutri- tor parentele elevabat generates ex genere ; omnes fi'atres parebant ejus imperio, ille tamen prineeps dominator, ipse dignus dominio. Septem pages rexit Gulatmorgantie, su- ' Ex. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. Vespasian A. XIV. rol. cum Titus, D. XII. ^ Wallice, ». G V I/ ill I ÿ It: 146 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. iim proprinm et confratrum ratione; cuncti cives fuerunt legifcri, nemo ausus tunc nocere alteri; si nocuisset patere- tur judicium, iion oblique pro mercede amitteret patrimo- niuin. Pax firmata uulle lites iu ejus tempore, rex pacifi- cus, rex ingenuus, gubernator curie, curia regalis fundata est in altissimo loco, ambita nemoribus et decoratapromontorio; arduus locus ille in situ arduo, sad altior qui sedebat in aule solio. Triumphator per bella famosissimus, post triumphum pacificus; ille victor nunquam victus; compatriote gloria- bantur in tali domino, frequenter munificati redibant omni annuo circulo. Numerositas familiai non posset ad finitum numerum certificari in aulis, et in domibus nequibant collo- cari, sed tentoria per compestria consueta erant ad collocan- dum affigi. 2. De desponsatione conjugis. Dum voluit communi consilio civium uxorare, misit lega- tos ad Brachanum regem Bregcheiniacensium ; dum audita ftierat mansuetudo, et pulchritudo Guladus sue filie; ilia postulata, et promissa est conjugalis, data fuit ut frueretur legalibus nuptiis. Post nuptias nupta concepit; post con- ceptionem filium feliciter Cadocum generavit. Generati bone indolis sic crescebant etates; qualis prima, talis ultima, optima non dissimilis; sanctitas sanctissimi viri chorusca fuit miraculis supereminens pre omnibus suis contempo- raneis. Studebat ammonere parentes ut postponerent tran- sitoria; ammoniti verbis nati proposuerunt speruere omnia caduca. Frequentabat referre, "Talia que tenetis non du- rabunt, requiritc perpetua; regnum istud transibit quasi vcnti flamina, non redibit ut maneat, recedet cum tristitia. Letabimini gloriantes in celesti gloria si couemini prome- reri, abluentur crimina; hujus regni vos conturbant delicia;; ut succrescunt evanescunt cotidie, Mementote cum terrore advcniet dies ultimus, incendetur, comburetur totus mun- dus flamuiivonms. Quis non timeat ardorem ignis purgatorii, apropin(iuat hie timendus et terribilis humano generi, cavcatis, deitatis inccndia sunt cavenda, sunt vitauda peri- VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. 1 47 Cilia." Post tanta hortamenta filii inspirati sunt diviiiitus, desiderantes magis servire Deo quara regere humanitus. 3. De visione angelica. Interea nocte quadam dum sopirent in thalamo, vox an- gelica aloquitur sopientes continuo, " Rex celestis, rector terrestrium, hue me misit ut converterem vos terrestres ad celeste servicium ; vos iuvocat et invitat sicut pater filium, vos elegit et redemit intrans in patibulum ; noUet ergo ut redempti passione Dominica dampnareutur, nee haberent que promisit gaudia. Nunc consequentes sequamini vesti- gia, vestigetis, teneatis hec inventa; hec inventio inventores allevat ad ardua ; non promittit quin ascendant, relinquentes devia ; via vera preterita non hec via, sed obliqua, hec de- ludit, hec retrudit ad tartara. Ostendam vobis rectam tra- mitem quo teneatis de qua invenistis hereditatem; hereditas perdita a protoplasto restauretur, impleatur a perdito ; amo- do nulla sit perditio, jam subvenit, vos erexit redemptio; erecti ergo cregite mentes vestras, pro caducis ne condem- netis animas. Pressiu-as animarum diligunt, qui fuerunt cum Lucifero dejecti; expellantur invasores crudelissimi, quorum velle nunquam impleatis ; hos fugate vos victores cum triumphis; triumphatores ergo die crastino cum sur- rexeritis. Sic precipio, destituite secularia que tenetis." 4. De mansionis situ ab angelo Gundleio designato. " Circa ripam flumineam adest quidam monticulus ; ibi stare videbitur bos candidus ; una labes in fronte ardua de- nigrata sub cornibus, felix signum omne bonum designat obviantibus. Tellus ilia quam tenebis nunc inculta, recole- tur a bobus, territorium appellabitur his ostensis rationibus." Mane experectus revocavit ad memoriam sompnium, et familiaribus diligenter recitavit visum ; his auditis et omni- bus lugubriter condolentibus, deseruit regale palacium; regimine concesso, et commendato Sancto Cadoco, suo filio, ad regendum. Inde conversus migravit donee pervenit ad predictum ab angelo mouticulum, ut illico ibi permaneret 148 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. prcdcstinatum. Illi adventanti obviavit bos candidus cum macula nigra in fronte ardua, ut jiredixerat angelus ; nomen istud ergo Dutelicli^ imposuit territorio, scilicet a nigredine et a fronte et a bove obvio; ut impositum est ab illo hujus- modi vocabulum, sic nominatum fait a succedentibus, et adliuc nominatur eodum vocabulo. Hoc bove viso Sanctus Gunlyu hilarescit, et celestem nuncium vera predixisse fir- mavit; roborat animum, diligit Deum, quem diligere debuit; vilipendit seculum hoc transitorium, quod plus nocet quam proficit. Inde dicebat. 5. De bovis auspitio. "Hie bos agricola designat rura colcnda; fungens cultura dat signa colentibus arva. Littora cum campis, nemus et cum saltibus altis cernuntur late, non est respectus in orbe qualis in lioc spatio quo debeo nunc habitare ; felix ergo locus, habitat felicior inde." His dictis pro legatione divina et concessione Dubricii, Landavensis episcopi, remansit construens habitaculum, et consequenter signavit cimiterium et in medio tabulis et virgis fiindavit templum, quod visita- bat assidue cum frequentationibus orationum. C. De penitentia Sancti Gundlei, et Gladuse uxoris sue. Guladus uxor nobilissima, et feminarum castissima, pariter catholice religioni dedita, voluit tamen prope Sancti Gunliiu habitationem manere; nee multum longe uno tantum stadio distante, et discedente Domino et conversante adivit ripam Ebod fluminis; ubi habitavit construens quie necessaria craiit in utrisque Dei et horainum edificiis; ambo vivebant religiosissime, abstinentcs, et jejunantes omni jejunandi tempore. Injuncta est illis talis penitentia, inprimis uteren- tur cilicio ct pane ordeaceo ex cinere in tertia parte mixto et acjua, omni hora nona consituta ; carices fontanee erant illis in pulmentaria dulces herbe, sed dulcissime que trahe- bant ad premia. Facies amborum pallebant, ut languentes [■omponitur Dutdich, a VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. 149 febribus, non hie languor sed sanitas roborat intrinsecus ; roborati constringere corpora desideria consueti se lavare aqua frigidissima: quando frigesceret hyemps pruinosa, non tunc minus se abluebant quam in estate fervida. Nocte enim media surgebant de lectulis, et redibant post lavacmm lateribus frigidissimis, inde induti visitabant ecclesias, exo- rando et inclinando usque diem ante aras. Sic ducebant vitam heremitariam, fruentes labore proprio, nichil sumentes ex alieno. 7. De admonitione Sancti Gundlei. Sanctus Cadocus, abbas Nancarbanensis, utrumque ten- ens regimen et abbaciam Nancarbanicieque vallis, frequent- abat visitare parentes suos, quos confortabat, et ammonebat divinis eloquiis, ne deficerent in inceptis, intermiscens crebro istud evangelicum jireceptum audientibus illis, " Non inclio- antibus bona corona promissa est, sed preseverantibus in bonum." Dicebat itaque, sepissime, "Perseverate, ut incep- istis, ut coronemini cum sitis coronandi, estote ergo coronati; nonne videtis transire dies seculi, potentes deficient, quasi nunquam fuissent confortati; quid est seculavis potentia respectu future beatudinis nisi delusio maxima ; deluduntur eniro qui diligunt talia,.hodie vivunt, non victuri crastina die. Que infelicitas, et tanta miseria, si caligine ammittant celestica; vos non perdetis celorum gaudia futuri celicole, et dextrales in dextera parte, mentionem teneatis de ser- mone summi Judicis, qui dicturus hunc sermonem judican- dis, "Venite, benedicti Patris mei, percipite regnum, quod vobis paratum est ab origine mundi," et cetera. 8. De iterata interpolatione beati Gundleii, et Gladuse uxoris sue. Hec et talia cetera repetens, noluit ut tanta vicinia esset inter illos, ne carnalis concupiscentia invisi hostis suasione a castitate inviolanda perverteret animos. Propterea ex- hortatus matrem destituere primum conversationis locum, et ammonita nati consilio destituit totum, relinquens ibi sane- 150 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. timoiiiales septem inter virgines et castas Deo ad serviendum. Dc'iiule tetendit ad montanam solitudinem, circa spacium sejìtüiii stadiorum a primo loco distantem, ubi elegit habita- tionis locum, et signato cimiterio in lionore Sanctai JVIariae, construit teniplum ; ibi nullos videbat preter suos servientes et bestias, jejunabat, exorabat, quia nulla obsistebat adver- sitas. Ad voluntatem suam necessaria mittebantur, illi a filio non destituebat sanctam mentem hujus evangelici pre- cepti mentio; quod ita ostendit, "Honora patrem tuani, et matrcm tuani, ut sis longevus super terrani." IMajorem curani habebat in parentibus quam in semetipso universis temporibus; letabatur augeri religionem in ambobus, plus congaudens quam in suis operibus. Opera eorundem ful- gebant precipua extra terminos etiam Brittanie ubique recitata ; dum vero liberati a earnali sarcina relocari meru- erunt in celesti gloria. 9. De eruptione laticis Sancti Gundleii deprecationibus. Venerabilis Sanctus Gundlpi conquerebatur die quodam pro ariditate monticuli, in quo habitabat; scilicet quia fon- tana aqua carebat, querimonias et orationes cxaudivit altis- simus auditor. Interea dum sederet in campo quodam die siticns niraium, et volens sitim extinguere, pupugit terram aridam ex baculi cuspide. Post hoc factum vidit fontem in eodem loco liquidissimum effluere, qui nunc manet, et nia- nebit sine intermissione. Unde nominatus, et nominatur Fons Gundliu, quern Deus largitus est Sancti oratione. 10. Qualiter Sanctus Dubricius episcopus, et Cadocus in extremis bcatum Gundleium visitaverunt, et de obitu ejus. Cum inciperet Sanctissimus Gunlyu egrotare, accedente tcrmino sua vita), misit propter filium suum Cadocum, et proi)ter Dubricium Landavensem episcopum. Venerunt autem egrotantem dantes ei penitentiam, exortando, et con- fortando per salubrem doctrinam. Post banc datam dedit episcopus absolutionem, et apostolicam benedictionem. His finitis, vcnerabiliter per ordincm egressa est anima beati VITA SANTCTI GUNDLEII. 151 Gunlyu de corporeo thalamo, in quo manebat, splendenti angelico fulgore IV kalendorum Aprilis, consociatus est per ethera, ut requiesceret in sterna requie. Postea corpus ejus fuit sepultura in pavimento ecclesise, ubi crebra visitatio angelica visa est circa locum sepulturaî, et egroti diversis infirmitatibus sani effecti sunt ab omni languore. 11. De quodam carminum conipositore ex gestis Sancti Gundleii. Britannus quidam versificator Britannice versificans, com- posuit carmina a sua gente, et • Britannice sermone lauda- bilia de conversatione Sanctissimi Gunlyu, et de miraculis conversati que Deus pro illius amore concessit operari, non- dum eadem finita erant carmina a conipositore; quarta enim pars carminum defuerat in compositione, quesierat autem materiam compositura?, non fuit tamen facultas inge- nii ultro invenire. Interea marina undositas veliementissima cum fortissmo rigore, contexit campestria, summersit cunc- tos habitatores et edificia; equi cum bobus, boves cum equis natant in aqua ; matres tenebant filios pre manibus, fluctus occupant, nee ibant ulterius. Quantus dolor et quanta mi- seria qui ibi tunc vivebaut, fiunt cadavera. Inter templum Sancti Gunlyu et Saverna nullus vivens venit ad silvam pre- ter predictum compositorem per Sanctissmi Gunlyu gra- tiam. Nam cum videret undositatem altissimam imminere, manens inter maritima Savernge, incepit quartam partem carminum componere, timens submergi tunc pro timore. Dum incepisset impleta est fluctibus; post hxc ascendit trabes superius, et secutus est iterum tumens fluctus tercio super tectum, nee cessat ille fiingi laudibus. Illis finitis, Britannus poeta evasit, domus fulciens stabilivit; ceteras autem domas unda snbvertit et dissipavit. 12. De ultione piratarum qui ecclesiam Sancti Gundlei spoliaverunt. Grifudus rex Guinodocie expulsus ab omnibus finibus Britannie ex bello, et pro timore timens insidias quas inimici 152 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. meditaìjanttir illi inferre, Willelmo rege antiquo Auglorum rcg-nante, Aiiglicis devictis et subjectis pro eodem YÌctore, navigavit ad Orcades insulas cum festiiiatione, devitando bostes cmdelis victorie, volens tutari et frui tutamine. Illico iiianens inter utrumque, cupiens predari et non construerc, vindicaro preparans pro expulsiorie, commovuit multos iu- sulares ad piraticam artem, ad litale lucrum et invasionem. Nequiter itaque congregati, et commoti, ex congregatis in- vasoribus vigenti quatuor longis navibus impletis, Grifudo duceute, uavigaverunt per mare Hybernicum, et post im- mensam et formidolosam- navigatioiiem pervenerunt ad Safrinicum fretum interluens ripes Gulatmorcanensium. In- de per longitudinem freti transfretantes, avidissime ten- dentes ad predas in ostio fluraiuis Uisc, submerserunt anchoras. Classe retenta, capiunt bipennes, et lanceis ar- mati viriliter ambiunt campos et silvas. His ambitis con- gregunt predacioues maximas; fugiunt indigene cauti per excubias, et incauti ducuntur ad classem per mauus impias. Pirati uequissimi videntes ecclesiam Sancti Gunlyu esse seratam, existimantes res preciosas esse intrinsecus ad secu- ritatem et custodiam, fregerunt seram, et intraveruut post fracturam. Quicquid preciosum et utile repertum fuerat, rapuerunt; post rapinam sacrilegam templum Dei spoliatum deseruerunt. Deinde regressi sunt onerati ad nave's, magis ponderati sceleribus quam in oneribus graves. Pondus erat ibi ne- quitiae omnibus deferentibus intolerabile lucrum videbatur, dulce et carum lucrantibus, amarum immo amarissimum futurum transgressoribus. Anchoris resolutis cum velorum relevatione rcmoavcrant congaudentes ad Barrenam insu- 1am ; nulla gaudia neque solacia ibi congruebant, sed mesti- tia gravissima post rapinam. Dum hlnc inciperent vela erigcre, et ad Orcades insulas, et ad Hiberniam remeare, videbant virum terribilem equitantem die et nocte, et per- scquentcs illos ex omni parte; eques iste terribilis Sanctus erat Gunljii, qui colitus missus fuerat ut obsisteret sacrilegis. Naves craut vdate, sod velamina nequibunt per vcntoso ri- VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. 153 gore ventis resistere ; quanto reraiges plus regebant remi- gium, tanto amplius undositas retrudebat per transversum ; navalia instrumenta quassabantur tremula. Dicebant tre- mentes naute, " Hie apparet nequitia, nos oppugnamus ad- versa, et iniquorura non proficit pugna." Quedam enim ex navibus prorupte fuerant ex rupibus ; unaqueque autem prora ruebat in alteram que coacta liumauis nisibus. Tota classis submersa est meritis illonim exigentibus, exceptis duabas de classe navibus antequam pervenirent ad optatiun litus. Iste due evaserunt, et potuerunt devitare periculum ; vix enim Grifudus illas possidebat, qui tantum interfuerat non vastavit, tamen nee particeps rajiine voluit esse; nee intravit templum, sed expectabat in littore cum suis sociis piratorum adventum; iste renieans post intervallum tempo- ris, et pacificans Willelmo regi Anglia?, nuntiavit miraeula quic manifeste viderat peracta pro Sanctissimi Gundlyu sanetitate. 13. De ancbora in temple posita, et non visa, et sangui- neis caseis. In tempore Grifudi, regis fortis tocius Wallie, Edwardo rege Anglie regnante, mercatores frequenter veniebant de Anglia, et in portu ostio fluminis Uysc eommutabant com- mereia ; post finita, reddebant tlieloneum, et si non reddi- dissent constitvitum consuetudinarium, non habituri amplius essent licentiam applicandi ac mercandi per ostium. Con- tigit autem una viee quod nolebant reddere. Hoc audito Rigrit, iilius Imor, nepos Grifudi regis, egressus est ad ostium cum furore, et plenus indiguatione precepit reddi debitum, nee pro precepto reddiderunt. Postea in derisione regni, et in dedeeore Angligenarum, amputavit funem an- chora;, et anchoram solutam fecit deferri ad Saneti Gunlyu templum. Naute reversi et mercatores ad Haraldum Comitem nuntiaverunt illatum dedecus, et derisionem; Comes igitur malivolus commotus per furorem nimium, et vindicare volens, congregavit exercitum. Hoc congregato in-uit in Gulatmorgantiam, liostiliter disponens conburere. 164 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. et (levastare regionem totani ; hoc coramotione audita iiuli- gene detuleriint res siias ad sanctorum refugia. His delatis, fuo-erunt, et latuerunt per nemora; postquam venit exerci- tus, couibussit et vastavit, nulli parcens, totum rapiens quod inveiiit. Interea sera fracta, quidam de vastautibus intra- verunt ecclesiam venerabilis Gunlyu; vestibus, et cibariis, et multis preciosis rebus plenam; his visis quasi lupi avidis- simi ad rapinam rapuerunt omnia que viderant intra eccle- siam. Anchora vero predicta que fuit origo vastationis et rapine a nuUo fuit visa, et erat tamen in interiori angulo ecclesia?. Casei divisi sunt a predonibus; dum inciderentur vero apparuerunt sanguinei intrinsecus; obstupefactus est totus exercitus, reddens omnia qua3 rapuerat promptis ma- uibus. Insuper de suis obtulit altari Comes Haraldus in primis conpunctus penitentia formidabili, inde regressus est, vehementer timeus rnajorem vindictam, promittens nun- quam violaturum esse refugium venerabilis tem])li ; continue in proximo meuse pro ilia nequitia, et pro aliis transgressi- ouibus devictus est in bello Hastingensi a Willelmo rege, et interfectus. 14. De obsecratione violaturis ecclesiffi Sancti Gundleii sacrorum vestimentorum ablatione. Eduyvcin Guinedoticus, Carodoci regis Gulatmorganen- sium familiarissimus, diabolica suasione transversus, fracta sera intravit noctu ecclesiam Sancti Gunlyu, et post nefan- dum introitum rapuit calicem, et ecclesiasticas vestes, ad sui dampnum, non lucrum. Inde cum iniquo onere revcrsus est repetens iter ne(juissimum. In itinere autem vidcbat mare sibi obvium fluctuans, et supereminens contra vultum; in tantum tandem vertebatur ex visa marina occupatione donee rcmeavit ad limina violate ecclesie. Ilebetatus ergo introivit, et ante altare ex sacratis iudumentis se induit, et de stolis quasi ex ferrcis compedibus circumligavit. Hora matutiua dum intrasset sacerdos ecclesiam, illuminante candcla, vidit injustam formam non ut deberct vestiri ves- titam ; hac visa, tremefactus est nimium, et sìä'uo sancte I VITA SANCTI GÜNDLEII. 155 crucis signatus, comfortavit pectus tremulum ; in timore positus, repetivit ostium, et iu ostio magno clamore vocavit clerum, Clero adveniente et admirante ex tanta vocifera- tione, interrogatus, enarravit talia, dicens, " Quidam ignotus manet iu ecclesia non vestibus laicali sed veste sacra, nescio cur contigit aut meute benevolo aut sit impeditus propria malitia." His auditis, clerus introivit videns eundem in- sensibilem, et continuo visum tenuit ; captum itaque duxit et confitentem suam culjmm ut judicaretur ad Caradoci regis curiam. Quidam ibi judicabant exoculari ; alii vero collaudabant obtruncare utramque manum ; sed Herwaldus Landavensis Episcopus illico assistens, non concessit tale opus peragi. Deus verax judex rectius fecerat judicari vera rectius, et celeste judicium factum est de sacrilege, dum transgressus, hebefactus absque sensu proprio. His dictis, a presule judicante liberatus est malefactor a regie carcere, et miseram suam vitam finivit in tali hebetudine, quia vio- laverat privilegium sancti et ecclesiaî. 15. De indignatione regis Willelmi in Caradocum sub- regulum. Tres legitimi milites Normanigene diffamati sunt nimi- um insidias fecisse Willelmo antiquo regi Anglie post victoriam habitam in Anglos in primo certamine ; hoc com- perto, rex voluit capere, et incarcerare, et in captura, aut profiterentur culpam fecisse, aut negarent valde. His des- tinatis a rege, recognoverunt exercrabilem culpam, no- lentes expectare capi, veneruut ad Caradocum, regem Gulatmorganensium, in fugam ; ille recepit eos honorifice ; fide data, nunquam jussu regie eos lesurum esse, quamvis amitteret omnia que tenebat a rege. Rex itaque audiens illos insidiatorespro imposita culpa confugisse, et Caradocum regulum adiisse; ac eundem tale pactum supradictum ini- que contra suum dominum confirmasse, misit legates, impe- rans Caradoco, aut reducet captos, aut expelleret, ex sua possessione; sic dominari vellet in sua hereditate. Carado- cus vero vir benevolus magis timens, et devitans infamiam 156 VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. quam regem rlominum, noluit capere nee expellere extra suum dominium, seel tencre honorare sicut suum filium. His relatis a Icgatis Willelmo regi, indignatus et iratus Caradoco principi, indignatione et ira comotus remisit Willclraum Rufum suum filium adhuc juvenem strenuum, tamen et bellicosum, cum immensa expeditione, et armatis militibus ad Gulatmorgantiam, qua; devastata fuit et combus- ta, amittens totam pecuniam. Exercitus ergo lassatus in reditu, nocte quadam requievit fixis tentoriis circa beatissimi Gun- lyu ecclcsiam ; villa erat liominibus vacuata, fugerant enim ad nemora pro hostibus ad tutelam. Domus erant diversis farris generibus plene ; unde accepta sunt habundanter, et opposita in equinis pastibus ; non liic pastus immo fames odiosa, nullus equus pregustavit de avena; summus Deus noluerat aperiri demos clausas ; Sanctus Gunlyu exoravit quem exaudivit Deitas. Hoc vise miraculo, Willelmus Consul adhuc in primis obtulit preciosa munera Deo et ec- clesiai postulando misericordiam, et veniam de domuum fractione. Totus subsequenter exercitus incliuavit se ante altare, offerens cum penitentia et timore; ac promittens Sancti Gunl}ai terram amplius non violare, et talia qualia antcfecerant nunquam facturos fore ; inde timorati redier- unt ad Angliam, magnificaates Sancti Gunlyu interces- sionom magnificam. IC. Qualiter obtentu Sancti Gunleii decanus inscins flumen permeavit intransmeabile. Laicus quidam posuit calumpniam injuste in unam par- tem terre, quam clerus beatissimi Gunlyu tenebat ex ra- tione ; et pro calumpniis multociens impositis constituerunt diem placitandi de calumpniata terra, ut per judicium expel- lorctur discordia. Intcrea decanus ecclessie visitavit curiam Lisarcors apud inferiorem Guentoniam, convivio regali functus; sic consuetudo erat tunc temporis per patriam. Ultimo autem die convivii, ante predictum diem placitandi, contra noctcm retraxit crastini diei placita ad mencionem, dolens vchementcr et timensjierdcre per suam dilationein I / VITA SANCTI GUNDLEII. 137 calumpniatam tellurem, et perditurus esset, presertim qui- dem, si non veniret ad teniiinatuni diem. Tenuit tamen suum iter equitando per teuebrosam noctem, pluvia et pro- cellis resisteutem, invocans Saiicti Gunlyu sanctitateni, donee trausivit periculosum amnem, nesciens tamen trans- isse divino nnmine flumen, humanis pedibus, et equinis intra- nsmeabile nisi cum natatione, donee pervenit ad marginem. Inde admirans et collaudans divinam potentiam cognovit immensum lapidem, vie publice vicinum et immobilem. Summo mane post misse celebrationem, tenuit decanus ter- minatum diem, et judiciali sententia ex laicali manu traxit calumpniatam tellurem, que postea subjacuit, et subjacere debuit ecclesie Saneti Gunlyu per rationem. VIII. 'f itii Innrti Sltiiti; INCIPIT TITA ILTUTI ABBATIS. 1. De Copulatione Parentum, et iiativitate Pueri. jflibCo proYÌncia victoriosa, potens in armis, victrix Leta- '^*-' via, nulla poteutior in laucle bellica, sumpsit originem a matre Brittannica. Eiiidita fuit a matre íllia, sequitur natam tota Yictoria: Brittanni principcs, yigore pleni, no- biles duces, sed nobilissimi quondam heredes postea exlie- redati, amiscrunt propria, ut alieui. Ex quibus claruit Bicanus, miles famosissimus, illustris genere, et in armis militaribus. Tota parentcla sua jjrocessit ex precipiiis prin- cibus, nullus vero inferior ex precedentibus; quales eniín^- rant primi, talis fuit et ultimus. Clarior et altior itaque gcneratus ex talibus, debuit letari, qui potuit generari ex nobilisissimis parentibus; floruit et prefuit in regali militia, dlectus a rege, et a regina, magnifieabant enim eum uni- vcrsi inpcndcntes preconia. Tantus vir eximie nobilitatis Yoluit uxorare et hereditari ex filiis, vclle complcvit, uxo- rom ducens filiam Anblaud, Brittannie regis, Rieing-ulid;, liec Yocata voce Brittaunica, quando latinetur, sonat hoc rcgina pudica. Dignissimum nomen impositum fuit prome- ' Ex. Coll. Lib. Britt. Mus. Vlsi>äsian, A. IV. •■' Wallicc, IlHyd. VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 159 renti, ante legales enim nuptias non adhesit alieno lateri. Ludos despiciens, stabilis in thalamo materno paruit semper iniperio. Quicquid namque dicebat congruiim erat colloquio omne- que quod agebat totum sub consilio ; puella optima absque opprobrio nubilis matura digna marito. Digniorem ad des- ponsandum nesciebant indigene, idcirco legati transierunt Galbcum mare, reducuut puellam quasi margaritam preti- osam et excellentem pulchritudine, reductam pulcberrimam et mansuetissimam, commendant predicto principi nuptiali honore. His legaliter perfectis conjunx legitima concepit, et post conceptionem feliciter genuit filium ; sic arbor fruc- tifera generat florem optimum. In catecuminatione pueri, et post salutiferum lavacrum nominatus est infans, Iltutus; videlicet ille ab omni crimine tutus, irreprehensibilis fuit in quinque etatibus, laudabilis, atque amabilis ab universis ci- vibus. Parenles voverunt commendare litteris, commend- ant votivum et erudiendum in septem disciplinis. Post eruditionem et disciplinalem scientiam sibi notam, postposuit litteraruni studium tendens at militiam, non obliviseens tamen uUa que noverat, per ullam negligentiam. Vir tanti erat memorie, audiens magistralem sententiam una vice retinebat corde tenus omni tempore. Date sunt claves quinque' illi plenarie, quibus sapienter potuit ignota notifi- care; imllus eloquentior per totam Galliam, Ilktto milite recitante philosopbicam eloquentiam. "' ' "' 2. De visitatione ad curiam Arthuri regis, et Poulenti. Audiens iuterea miles magnificus Artlau-ii regis sui con- sobrini magnificentiam, cupivit visitare tanti victoris curiam, deseruit quam vocamus Ulteriorem Britanniam, et pervenit navigando ubi vidit maximam militum habundantiam. Ibi- dem quoque receptus honorifice, et munificatus ad desideri- um militare; impleto autem desiderio capiendi munera, recessit gratissimus a regali curia, capiens iter, pervenit ad Poulentum, regem gulat JVlorcauiensium, sua uxore Tryn- niliid comitante honesitissinia. Rex videns ilium cmialem 160 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. esse militem, atque honorabilcm retinuit cum magna dilec- tioiie, dilio'cns ilium pre omnibus familiaribus, et munificans largifluc. llemansit igitur reverentissime donee innuit eligi, et preesse regali familie; regebat familiam absque ullo liti- gio, gubernator pacificus, et secundus a domino ; evangcliea precepta reposita erant in militis pectore, indesinenter stu- debat retineutibus recitare; recitata dirigebant audientes ad perfectionem openim, perfecta relevabant complentes ad celeste premium. Miles autem erat extriusecus secundum militarem babitum, intrinsecus vero sapientissimus Brittan- nigenarum. Proi)terea constitutus a rege Poulento, magis- ter militum propter subtilissimam facundiam, et incompa- rabilem intellectum; nemo contemporaneus potuit comparari ejus ingenio; hoc probatum, etfirmatam fuit doctorum tes- timonio. 3. De Familia regis Poulenti, |quam terra deglutivitque promissione firmata ad clericalem habitum post militiam consilio Sancti Cadoci. Contigit die quodam cum duceret familiam regalem venando per territorium Sancti Cadoci, ilia quiescens, misit ad abbatem preclarum cum rigidis verbis ut sibi prandium dirigeret; sin autem Vi cibum tolleret. Sanctus vero Cado- cus quamvis illi videbatur incongruum propter rigiditatem verborum, et quasi de libero requirere tributum, tamen re- misit familie quod sufficeret ad prandium. Hoc transmisso, familia discumbens voluit prandere, sed velle caruit comes- tione; nam pro illicita petitione et sacrilega oiFensione tellus deglutivit iniquani turbam qui omnino evanuit propter tan- tam ncquitiam. Iltutus vero miles, et militum priuceps evasit, quia inique petition! consentire noluit nee in loco, in quo affuerat familia pastum expectando aifuit, ceterum procul aberat accipitrem quem plerumquc solutum post vo- latiles instigabat. Hoc miraculum Iltutus videns timuit, post visum graviter de preteritis dclictis compunctus, ad Sanctum Cadocum gressum acccleravit, intpiirL-iis, ct genuflecteudo, rogitans VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 161 ab illo consilia emendandi que dereliquit. At ille salu- taris insistens consiliarius imprimis consuluit deserere secularem liabitum, postea repetere que postposuerat, ha- bitum clericalem, et in toto vite sue spacio summo Crea- tori servire propter eternam retributionem. Paruit liumi- liter dato consilio promittens firmiter adimplere in future; deinde reversus ad Poulentum regem, babitaque licentia subtraxit se a seculari servitio. Exinde rege condolente, et regina et omnibus de sua recessione, venit tandem ad mar- ginem Naudauani fluminis, uxore consotiante et armigeris. Erat quidem tempus estivum, quamobrem composuit teg- men ex arundineto ut non plueret super lectum; equi se depascunt in pascuis, ut uterque jacet ad nocte dormiens per sompno aggravantibus oculis. 4. De primo angelico adventu ad admonendum Iltutum. Ante sopientem subito astabat angehis ammonens his ammonitionibus, " Miles olim fueras celeberrimus a regibiis multis munificatus; nunc vero regi regum precipio ut ser- vas, ampliusque transitoria non diligas : memento quod tui parentes commeudaverunt te clericali studio, studuisti, de- ditus divino consortio, postea sprevisti non spernendum, fungens hasta, et gladio. Non bee arma tibi data fuerant ab armario, immo quinque claves tibi colate sunt sub magis- terio; repete ergo quod deseruiste, ne capiaris occupatus insidiis bostis invisi. Nam insidiator adest qui te conatur illudere, te dampnare desiderans toto conamine ; te videt, tu non vides corporali lumine, non cavcas, et protegas, poterit te destruere; nescis itaque incautus et deceptus ab inimico Dei et hominum, invidet enim terrigenis atque celicolis, quia perdidit sedile celicukim. Hie leone sevior, volatili velotior, veneficus invisibilis rapit et retrabit rapta, quoque reddere respicit, punit punibiles, pellito venenum post medi- camentum more medentis, ut non appareat post medecinam ulla cicatrix. Te quoque muliebris amor occupat, ut non con- vertas ad Dominum ; quid est sane carnabs amor nisi horror, et origo peccaminum; cxardescit amans valde quasi ignis in- 162 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. cendium, res nocibilis res odibilis que ducit ad supplicium. Noil tc ardeat, nequc iirgeat libido veneni fera ; uxor vestra est decora, sod luelior castimonia ; quis eligeret ut postpou- eret pro tali ctcriialia; si videres enim earn nudam, non dili- geris ut antea, banc videto et post visum estimabere viliorem postea. Que utilitas, et quam lucrosa felicitas inter hec commercia, qui abstineat et destituat uxoralia connubia, exaltabitur ac coUocabitur in sede perpetua; die crastino cum surrexeris, festinanter teneto tuum ad silvestrem quan- dam vallem gressum versus occidentalem plagam ubi habe- bis mansionem. Sic enim voluntas Dei, quum locus ille conveniens, fertilissimus, habitabilis; hac de causa veni a summo conditore, missus in banc legationem, ut talia cum benevolentia denuntiem; nuntiam nuntiata ad impleto, et de impleudo nulla est dilatio." 5. De Adventu ad peremitariam vitam in valle Hodnant, et convcrsatione ejusdem ex angelica adhortatione. His dictis, angelus non comparuit; paululum nempe Sanctus Iltutus expergcfactus, Angelicum sennonem ad niemoriam revocavit, nee non illud dominicum preceptum secuni mente revoluit, " Qui diliget patreni et matrem, fratres et sorores, uxorcm et filios plusquam me, non est me dignus," et cetera. Talia premeditans jussit uxorem surgere, surgenti imperavit equos prospicere, luminari tanto ftilgore splendente, quod scire posset qualiter a custodibus custodi- reutur in ilia nocte. Nuda migravit solutis crinibus quati- uus prospicerct, et ut quod angelus jusserat adimpleri pos- set ; rediit ilia post conspectum, atque in reditu, vidit bea- tus Iltutus corpus nudatum ventoso flamine dispcrgenti crines circa latus fcmineum. Doluit dum aspexit mulicb- rem formam, vilem computavit, talem adamasse vehemen- tcr penituit; vovet illam relinquere, votum promittit hujus modi verbis adimplere, " Femina nunc vilis, quondam dilccta, suavis filia luxurie, letalis origo mine; cnutrit penam, quare si quis amaverit illam formula pulclira iiimis turpescit nunc muliebiis." VITA SANCTT ILTUTI. 163 G. De prima liabitatione in valle Ilodnant. His quemadmodum relatum est peractis, voluit premissa mulier intrare lectum, volentem Iltutus expulit, quasi virus serpeiitinum asserendo illam deserere, ac dicendo non adherebis iterum. Porrexit illi indumenta, sedit induens porrecta, licet tamen induta finxit se frigescere cum tremulo pectore, quatinus per banc occasionem possit in lecto denuo collateralis jacere. Causam vero novit ille fictam, roborat animum robore virtutum, capit victoriam viator unicus cui comitabatur Deus, relictis omnibus secularibus, tenuit viam donee pervenit ad predictam vallem, Hodnant vocatam, que nee sine ratione Latine sonat vallis prospera. Circa illam nulla montana nee clivosa inequalitas constituta, sed campestris planicies fertilissima; nemus erat densissimum diversis arboribus insitum, quod erat habitatio crebra besti- arum; fluvius interfluebat utrasque ripas amenissimus, et fontes cum rivulo intermixte sub amenis cursibus. Post- quam requievisset et conspexisset per omnia, placuit sibi locus delectabilis, sicut angelus indicaverat superius in sompniis. Hie nemus arboreum remanentibus illud apri- cum, hie bona fertilitas circa campestria, rursum currit per medium fluvialis cursus aquarum, hoc scio dicendum pul- cherrimus iste locorum. 7. De Penitentia injuncta, et clericali habitu recepto, et de modo vigilandi et jejunandi, et de prima edificatione templi. Talibus visis, et sibi complacitis, adivit famulus Dei, beatissimus Iltutus Dubricium Landavensis episcopum, qui sibi penitentiam de transactis delictis injunxit, barbam rasit, comam totondit, corouam benedixit. Postremo cleri- cali habitu suscepto, secundum angelicvmi preceptum in sompno revelatum, coronatus, rediit ad eundeni locum. Construens in primis illico habitaculum, presule Dubricio designante cemiterii modum, et in medio, in honore summe et individue Trinitatis, oratorii fuudamcntum. His designa- 164 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. tis fundavit coclcsiam munimine lapideo facto, ct quadran- gulari sui)er ambientem fossam. Post hec peracta, et ante acta, vigilabat jejunaiido, assidue orabat sine iutermissione, crogans sua exigentibus largiflue ; laborabat propriis mani- bus beremita religiosissimus, non confidens in alienis labori- bus. Nocte media ante matiitinas abluebat se aqua frigida, sic sustinens, quamdiu posset ter diei oratio dominica; de- inde TÌsitat ecclesiam, genuflectens atque orans summi conditoris omnipotentiam. Tanta erat ejus religio quod nunquam videbatur intendere in aliquo negotio nisi in divino servitio; intentio tota in divinis scriptis quos adim- plebat in operibus cotidianis ; confluebant multi docibiles erudiebantur doctissimi per septem artes. 8. De cervo mitigato per Sanctum Iltutum, et de prandio regis mirifico in pisce et aqua. Cum rex Merchiaunus, cujus prenomen Vesanus, die quodam venaretur, instigavit sues canes post unum cervum; ille exagitatus fugax preivit donee intravit Sancti Iltuti cubiculum, quasi humane more querendo ab illo refugium; post introitum jacuit mitigatus ante pedes ammirantis fati- gatus pro canibus, ac formidabilis. Canes vero latrabiles. foris expectabant venturum; sed tunc cessabant a latratibus, Rex audiens ultimum latratum secutus est, nimium admi- rans latratus silentium repentinum; se quando vertit ad heremum, ubi videns canes mitigates et cervum, et quod mirabilius de fera fieri mitem domesticum; iratus est valde habitanti quia sine sua licentia habitaverat heremum, qui venatibus aptior erat secundum ejus judicium, Incepit cer- vum petere, petitum tamen noluit sanctus Iltutus reddere, licentiam vero intrandi concessit si vellet accipere; ille au- tem timoratus, videns immensam pietatem viri beatissimi, et tanta miracula presentialiter pro eo facta, quanquam irascens, non intravit, sed potius largitus illi primum donum datum divinitus, quod gratanter accepit. Idem cervus mi- tigatus a Sancto Iltuto, traxit vehicula, et in vehiculo edi- lieiorum limia. VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 1 65 Post hec prefatus rex esnrieiis prandere voluit, quern Sanctus Iltutus ad prandium invitavit, invitatus bumiliter descendit, et a vesauia quam solebat habere mitigatus, rese- dit; misit ministrum ad proximum stagnum, causa piscandi, retraxit continuo cum rete piscem pinguem et eximium cum pondere gravi ; attractum et assatum apposuerunt regi, appositum noluit gustare, quia siue pane et sale indecens sibimet videbatur apponi. At Iltutus panem et salem in ilia liora non habens, orabat, dicens, "Effector omnium creaturarum, atque donator donandorum potest efficere si gustaveris appositum, habeas in gustato pisce a me quod vis habendum." His rogatibus auditis, non est ausus rex rebellis respuere, sed comedit, et habuit diversorum generum cibo- rum sapores in una specie; saciatus et sitiens repetivit derisorie vinum aut medonem sibi propinari; at illeutroque carens, precepit sibi dari do fontana aqua haustum, et eas- dem preces quas super dixerat protulit iterum, ut ex aqua- tico potu impleretur petentis desiderium. Potavit potus sibi complacuit, et diversorum liquorum sapores vini et medonis inprimis in aqua solummodo inveuit. 9. De angelico adventu ad admonendum JVIerchiaunum regem, et ad ipsius correptionem. Post mirificam potationem, prescriptus rex dormitando, dormium ad dormientem angelus celestis advenit, admonens, et increpans, quem reprobavit, dicens, " Tu rex vesanus, et nequissiinus hactenus fueras, et nunc permanes, emendato sic commendo, et emendationem ne differas; malles ut hie bestie inutiles habitarent, quam Dei cultures, qui liabi- tare debent. Ne prohibeas, sed permittas remanere desti- natum et concessum locum istum excolere ; si nolueris concedendum concedere, destrueris nee longevus eris, et absque progenie. Inpendito ergo licentiam remanendi, quia vallis ista habitabitur usque in finem seculi; quis audeat offendere, et cxpellere virum religiosissimum, et catholice conversatum a suo loco desiderabili. Eligit ilium Deus, et hue misit ut sibi servat in habitu heremitali; abbas insuper 166 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. erit vonerabilis, ma^nificus et exaltabilis ; qiiicimque ilium nocuerit, nisi emendetur, in lierpetuum jieribit. Caveto itaque ne pereas, nnllamodo uocumenta faciat tua rigiditas; rigidissimus olim fuerat Golias, devicit tamen fortissimum humilis puerilitas ; ille fungebatur hasta et gladio, David vero minima funda in pretio; puer parvulus confidens in Tictorem summum, victor fuit confideudo, jactu fundali manuum. Sic iste Iltntus, Dei famulus humillimus confidit ut convincat per humilitatem quatinus hie maneat, et lia- beat firmam stabilitatem ; non pugnat armis visibilibus, melius luctatur invictis virtutibus, Virtuosus non timidus in luctamine, pellit liostes armator justitie ; sanctior nemo per totam Brittanniam beatissimo presenti, quia vivit regu- lariter in regula monacbili. Congregabuntur multi per suam conversationem, refugium erit et sustamen, quasi columpna fulciens domum stantem; inviolabilis erat ejus proctectio a regibus, et a principibus in hoc regno; reges et principes parebunt suo documento, subjecti populares adherebunt con- silio; pacificus et mitior miti columba illuminabit ut can- delabrum splendidissimum, et quasi lucerna." 10. De excitatione regis ejusdem et concessione habi- taudi. His dictis ab angelo rex correctus a malitia, excitatus est a somno talia audientibus proferendo, " Famule Dei, beatis- sime Iltute, tibi concede istam solitudinem libere pro sum- ma et celesti retributione ; vidi visionem ambobus utilem, voce angelica precipiente, quo te nullatenus oporteat banc vallem relinquere. Quamdiu regnavero non te ofFendam, liberrime teneas banc parochiam; constitue agricolas super tellurem istam, nam tellus hie colenda, et nulla fertilior per patriam; habundat culta in messibus, melliflua odoi-ifera visa in floribus, fertilis Italia, habundans frugibus, hec habunda- tior, ct moderatior, absque nimiis caloribus, frigus nimium non confundit scgetes, calor superfluus non extorret fruges festinando maturavit incongruo tempore, gaudent messores letiores mcssoribus Italic. Gaudcto iffitur conversari in 1 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 167 tali tellure, gaiulere debes, sic vaticinor, nam gaudebuiit in- numerabiles in tua conversatione ; tani utilis conversatio non fuit in his regionibus; predicabis dirigendo devios doctrinis celestibus ; magistralis tibi cura concessa a jjonti- fice, hoc etiam concedo et confirmo regali concessione. Vestrum gimnasium erit venerabile, tributarii tibi servient, et omnes indigene; confluent multi ex diversis partibiis, erudiantur documentis liberalibiis ; quamvis nunc igiiotus sis, notus eris, te notificabo, et leteris." Inde moderabilis Sanctus Iltutus non niagis letus, sed moderanter se tenens gratias omnipotenti Deo egit, et accipiens libenter quod rex obtulit, exorando divinam clementiam, quo dignaretur mise- reri ad indulgentiam de transactis criminibus que deligerat. Postquam angelus talia dixisset, rex mollitus est ab ira per angelicam correptionem ; reversus est ad suam curiam mag- nificans, et collaudans per manifesta miracula que viderat summi conditoris omuipotentiam. 13. De constitutione culture, et de numerositatc familie. Venerabilis itaque abbas Iltutus tunc a nuUo impeditus mansit pacifice, colit et seminat, metit et vivit proprio labore, statuit operarios cultores per agros agriculture; semina multiplicant, reddunt labores multa mercede; pascit egenos, vescit nudos, visitat infirmos, et positos in carceres, centum famialiares, tot operatores, clericos, et pauperes centenos cotidie, hospitalis fuit promtissimus, nunquam negans hos- pitalitatem exigentibus, largiter dabat quicquid dabant in nianibus, non commendans ad custodiendumuUis custodibus. In largifluo pectore nulla erat nociva elatio, sed potius lm~ militas, benignitas, et inmaculata religio; confluebant ad ilium scolares plurimi, quorum de numero quatuor iste, Samson videlicet, Paulinus, Gildas et Dewi, studebant, sapienter eruditi, aliique quamplures sicut illi. 12. De ecclesiasticis ordinibus receptis, et elevatione in Abbatem. Rebus crescentibus ad congruentiam, et ecclesiasticis ordini- 168 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. bus susccptis et insuper ordino monachili recepto per sancti- tateni et gratiani. Abbas constitutus venerabilis constituit quinquag-inta canonicos, qui congruis temporibus, et statutis horis visitabant ecclesiara, habentes singulariter suas pre- bendas, scilicet singuli suam YÌllam cum beneficiis, qui dabantur a populo ob tenendam animarum memoriam. An- nua tributa dabantur Abbati, elata dividebat consuetudine communi; annalia convivia preparabantur illi, invitabatque ad preparata multitudinem indigentium, quibus indesiueuter donee quid largiretur deficeret precipiebat partiri. 13. De fractura fosse, niari irruente; et de recessione maris, et ortu fontis per Sanctum Iltutum. Talis prefata localis congruentia complacuit conversato campum planiciebus undique ambientibus, et nemore inci- duo mediato; affligebat tamen crebra equoris inundatio, et fluviali appro])inquante cimiterio. Inde dolore et timore commotus ne occuparet et dilataret totam vallem ulterius, operatus est imniensam fossam limo et lapidibus niixtani, quam retruderet irruentem undam, que solebat fluctuare ultra mensurani, fluvio habente solummodo per medium confluendi ad mare viam. Post peractum opus, rigiditas fluctuosa confregit fossam; secundo renovavit, et refregit undositas operationem secundam ; tertio repetivit, nee repe- titio profuit, sed venit ad ruinam ; doluit Sanctus Iltutus, talia dicendo, " Hie liabitare amplius nolo, vellem libentis- sime, sed pro liac marina conturbatione offensus non potero, destruet edificia, confluet in oratoria quam construximus laboriose." Invocat et exorat celestem protectorem in auxi- lium, ut consuleret ne relinqueret quem elegerat conveni- entem locum. luterca disjionens die crastino recedere, nocte proxima, dum sopiret curiose, vox angelica alloquitm- sapientem tali sermone, "Preci])io tibi, et interdico, ne dcseras quod vis dcsererc ; non vult enim Deus ut recedas ab hac vallc, quia exauditc sunt vestre preces a summo auditori, qui liberat omnos sibi confidentes, et exorantes, te liberabit ab hac VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 1 69 nociva, et anxia curiositate; crastino die postquam veneris de oratorio baculum tenens festinanter ad mare fluctuans tendito, quod fugabis per virtutem divinam ex minaci baculo, pro te fugiet continue sine reditu refluxionis ad consueta loca iterate, quasi profugus forniidabit apud sequente ini- mico." Mane itaque summo, ut preceperat angelus in somp- nio, tetendit ad equor fluctivagum; incepit ille procedere, cepit mare fugere velut fuerat sensibile animatum; undosi- tas quieta constitit et statio in littore fuit; quando vero litus siccatum apparuit, cum baculo pupugit, subindeque citius fons liquidissimus emanavit et salubris ad expellandos mor- bos, qui sine defectione scaturiens manat, et quod mirabilius, licet prope pontum sit, limpidum emittit. His peractis beatissimus Iltutus genuflectens exoravit celestem Domi- num, dicens, " Exigo a te, conditor summe, et universorum dator donorum, qui confirmas data ad augmentum, ut in hoc margine sit equoris confinium, et non revertatur illuc ubi elegi liabitationis stabilimentum; nee noceat, nee dis- turbet, hie quiescat, hie remaneat appUcatio navium." Con- tigit ergo, ut postulavit, quod pakistris ilia terra siccata, ferax agricultura fuit, que vero non arabilis, pratum et pabula jumentorum, clerus in ilia habundanter habuit. Deinde reversus est electus Dei famulus gratias omniiJotenti Deo agens, et quiete, et prospere vivens ex conturbatione, que non amplius accessit nee nocuit per virtutem Dei, et orationem sanctissimi Iltuti, que inventa fuit sine macula, ipso hujuscemodi verba dicente de operatione mirifica, "Nunc habitare queo, nolui discedere; nolo, non mare turba- bit, vicinia victa, recessit; unde nimis timui, non amodo causa timendi ; edificare volo, non formidabilis ergo." 14. De querelis volucrum segetes decerpentium in cus- todia abactorum. Autumnali tempore, messe maturante, inceperunt volu- cres messem Sancti Iltuti decerpere, et fere vacuatis spicis deserere ; hoc comperto, Sanctus Iltutus, de dampno doluit, suisque scolaribus precepit alternatim singulis diebus custo- 170 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. dire in segeteni, in assiduo fundati jactu lapidum per totuni diem. At discipulus Samson, cum teneret vicem suam, volens implere magistrale preceptum per benevolentiam, custodivit ut melius potuit, iucolumem tamen et intactura servare non valuit; querit divinum consilium et auxilium, quo posset [concludere multitudinem volatilium, alitor nes- ciens posse defendere peregre nocentium. Consuluit apud semctii)sum, inspiratus divino consilio, et invenit consulendo quod efficere debuit; datum est illi divinitus agitate volati- les de segete sine volatibus; temptant volare, nee potuere ullis nisibus; talia Samson benevolus videns, compulit illos ante se abire, quasi domita quadrupedia spontanea voluntate; coacti venerunt ad ostium, ostioque aperto intraverunt bor- reum, sicut equi vel oves precedunt ante sequentes ; sicut oves vel equi mitescunt gressibus usi; stant bene conclusi volucres sine rete retenti ; virtus divina domuit que continet astra. Cautant lugendo, jejunairt esuriendo; cantus lugu- bres fuudunt in carcere digno; luctus in hac turba pro liber- tate pretenda; penituit violasse nimis cerealia grana, liberat Iltutus clausuris agmina lesa; non nocuere magis post liec niiracula facta. 15. De electione Samsonis in pontificem, et ortu fontis ex ejusdcm lacrimis, et corpore ejusdem advecto divino nutu. Post hoc mii-aculum ubique notificatum, venerunt legati de Letavia, ut eligerent Samsoncm juvenem nobilissimum et immaculatum in orani vita sua, et electum constituerent Dolensem e})iscopum, liceiitiam quoque flagitarent a magis- tro suo Iltuto concedeudi, pro fiduciali quam in patriotas habebat dementia, quamquidem tunc predicta ecclesia cgebat pontificali persona. Ille rogatus et invitus nequit refutare, condolens ct lacrimaus cum legatis incepit migrare, malcus sub magistrali virga subjectus vivere quam in eccle- siastice scdis altitudine perfrui pontificali honore. Dum parunipcr (luiescet in supcriori parte vallis, loquens cum doctore de multis preteritis ante scparationcm societatis VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 171 preceptoris, ultima verba tenens, persolatus cejjit lacrimari, donee lacrime ceciderunt in terram nimio fluxu fluviali la- crimabile; unde fons illico erupit, emanavitque decurrens quasi fluxu fluviali; qui appellatus est nomine ejusdem Samsonis mirifici. Pro dilectione quoque eximia, quam in doctorem karissimum habebat imperavit suum corpus post venturam necem ad cenobium Sancti Iltuti deferri, et in suo communi et delectabili cimiterio sepeliri. His ita per- actis, ingressi sunt ad Dubricium Landavensis ecclesie epis- copum, ut ab eo primes ecclesiasticos ordines reciperet, et diaconatum. Dum vero ordinaretur, apparuit pontifici Du- bricio et Iltuto abbati columba nive candidior, considens super caput juvenis in ordinatione. Post hec navigavit ordinatus ad Letaviam, et elevatus est in episcopal! sede secundum constitutionem catholicam. Post finem vero vite datum corpus ])ositum est in sarcofago, quod commovit, et levavit ventus validus ad mareque trans- vexit per virtutem divinam motu levissimo. Inde venit super undas quasi fulica volatilis pervolando et descendens, applicuit velut navis transmeabilis, prospera et incolumis in Iltuti ostio. Illud Dominus peregit quod implere voluit quod ipse promiserat de corpusculo, scilicet quod portaretur, ac sepeliretur in eodem cimiterio. Hec autem interea vi- dentes, et sentientes sarcofagum odoriferum intimaverunt Sancti Iltuto, quod viderant mirandum ; at ille commemo- rans ultimam de corpore Samsonis dilectissimi commenda- tionem, flevit et oravit, ac festinanter ivit ad pelagi portum per merorem; susceptum delude et allatum honorifice a clero, et reconditum in medio quadrangularium lapidum erecte insistentium in cimiterio, cruce lapidea supposita et depicta sub pontificali inditio, cujus anima requiescit libera a future incendio. 16. De visitatione conjugis Sancti Iltuti et ipsius amis- sione visus, et recuperatione per eundem Sanctum. Conjunx quondam beati Iltuti, nomine Trinihid, femina- rum castissima, ducens vitam suam sub castimoniam pro 172 VITA SANCTI ILTUTt. maritale divortiuni, niillam cupiens conjugalem copulati- onem, sic coiiabatur intentio, sic erat mentis industria. Assidua in oratione, moderabilis in eloquio, intenta in omni opere bono, Christus erat illi solatium, Christus alimentum, cotidie hora in pane ordiceo et aqua solvebat jejunium, fercula respuebat, dulcedinem nullam gustabat, dilectio Sancti Trinitatis erat ejus dulcedo, quam intrinsecus dilige- bat. Solitudinem montanam dilexit, et elegit ut ubi habi- taret, construxit ibi habitaculum, fundavit oratorium, ubi Dominum rcdemptorem fidelissime exoraret, exoravit assi- due, inculpabilis, et irreprehensibilis inventa in sua tota conversatione, sanctimonialiter permanens; viduas et sanc- timoniales egenos innumerabiles comfortans in sua procu- ratione. Interea visitare voluit Sanctum Iltutum, et iter capiens visitavit, ubi operosum vidit fossorem per assidua fossura lutulentum per faciem, macies quoque tenuaverat faciei su- pei-ficiem; inquisivit ab eo suave colloquium, displicuit inijuisito audienti, inquisitus nullum reddidit responsum; noluit videre illam, nee videri nee audire suum sennoneni, uec audiri. Conspexit ilia vilem habitum, cilicio et pellibus indutum, non sicut antea viderat militem speciosum, per visitationem incongruam amisit visum; doluit graviter ami- sisse per meritum; rogatus tamen Sanctus Iltutus, implora- vit dominicum solatium, quo posset ilia recuperare visum pristinum; exauditis autem precibus, vidit clare, re versa est postea sic ante, nevis et pallore contexta, ac veluti febrici- tans pallida. Remansit itaque in predict© loco, uunquam aniplius visitans Sanctum Iltutum, quia nolebat displicere Deo, et Dei dilectissimo. 17. De preposito Cyblini, qui liquefactus est ut cera a facie ignis, quia offenderat Iltutum. Propositus Äleircbiaum, regis Glatmorcanensium, nomine C)'l)lim, malivolus quod Latine sonat totus acutus, realiter adimplcns secundum hoc, quod erat nominatus. Accusa- bat cniiii subjectos accutissime ajnul regeni Meircliiauni VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 173 lit sua perderent, nullos protegebat qui protegi deberent; sua prepositura erat omnibus odi1)ilis, tota sua vita aljomi- nabilis. Offeudebat frequenter abbatem Iltutum, agrava- bat etiam suum clerum; multa injuste direpta fingebat exegi a domino, illo inscio et sine ipsius precepto, omnibus irascebatur, omnes ilium maledicebant, unus erat rigidissimus contra omnes qui sua mala opera reprobabant. Exaltabat se regendo per alterum, immo se subprimebat, quia delige- bat nequitiam; qui ergo exaltatur male operando suliprimitur et retruditur; retentus in periculo, periculosus iste profuit ut recte regeret, non direxit dum ipsemet corruit quem primitus regere, et dirigere deberet. Meruit ergo corrui dum fecit sanctum affligi, afflictus a malefico blanditus est pacifice; sed Deus summus ultor fecit ilium quasi mollitam et liquefactam ceram ardore igneo liquescere, et sic ejus malitiam amplius non apparendo desinere; nam voluerat sanctum atque libeiTÌmum Iltutum fieri tributarium, et tri- buta mittere ad regale castellum. Noluit autem vir maxi- me libertatis sponte hec pati, nee concedere tantam inju- riam, nee irasci ; sed effimdebat preces sedulas ut redderet Deus malefico indulgentiam; conabatur enim implere evan- gelicum preceptum, qui ita dicit, "Orate pro persequentibus et calumpniantibus vos," et iterum, " Beati qui persecutionem patiuntur propter justitiam." 18. De fuga viri Dei ob persecutionem JMeircbiauni regis, ad speluncam. Liquefacto sacrilege preposito, rex Meircliiaunus com- motus est nimio furore, volens Iltutum innocentem virum interficere, locum et clerum destruere, quem penituit vehe- menter habitandi heremum licentiam dedisse, quia plus dili- gebat ibi bestias babitare quam famulos electos Dei in sancte et individue Trinitatis lionore servire. Capit celeriter arma, imperat militibus se armari, armatique pariter tendunt in sanctum locum, et in principem ac liabitatores loci conantes ulcisci. His auditis, devitavit beatissimus Iltutus malivolam turbam, devitans utrumque, et tumultuantem populum qui 174 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. suis orationibus exhibebat impedimentum ; voluit remotus devitare super terrain, sed timebat inquireri et inveniri, in- ventus denuo, et invitus ad abbatiam reduci ; querit ubique latebrosam siccitateni, ut ubi posset abscondere faciem; in- quirendo tandem pervenit ad Eugenni fluminis margineni, ubi vidit speluncam secretissimam. Ut autem visa fuit, iu- troivit, et earn per unius anni circulum, et insuper spatio trium dierum, et noctium iuhabitavit; tota nocte jacebat super frigidam petram ut desideravit, sic adimplens sibi ta- lem injunctam penitentiam; quasi diceret, "Hie lapis in lecto positus sub jjcctore nostro, hec mea dulcedo, jaceain pro nuiuine suninio ; mollis erit merces ventura beata beato; que nianet in celo michi dedita quando redibo." 19. De celesti pastu in spelunca, et communi planctu post Iltutum et de cimbalo eidem a Sancto David directo sonante nutu divino, et de reversione ejus a spelunca ad cenobium. Orabat igiturbeatus Iltutus assidue, jejunando cotidie; om- ni autem bora nona mittebatur illi celitus panis unus ordice- us, et una particula piscis, ex quibus reficiebatur. Post modi- cam commestionem visitabat vicinum fontem, haurens sibi aquam cum concavis manibus; sic Paulus et Antonius, pri- mi lieremite fungebantur liaustibus; deinde redibat ad an- trum, cavens videri ab aliquo ad introitum. Querebatur diligenter in saltibus et in silvis, et in convallium latebris, et non inveniebatm-, questionibus assiduis; quamdiu ita latebat, potentes condolcbant, nescientes quo devenerat, pauperes et vidue miserabiliter lugebant, dicentes, "Quis erit nostra protectio? Quis repellet nostram inopiam pectore largifluo? Largitus dabat, nulli suanegabat; affectuose sub- ministrabat amminiculum omnibus ab eo quod exigeutibus commune, namque cunctis indigentibus erat sustentaculum, cum dolentibus condolebat. Cum gaudentibus congaudebat ; apostolica incessantcr seminabat documenta semina multi- plicando ccutesima; puniendis et punitis erat alleviatio Celebris redimcndo cos oratione et jejunio, ac muneribus VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 175 largifluis. Si superstes est in hoc seculo, retinetur in carcere subterraneo; si defunctus, vivat ut optamus in eterna requi- ete." Dum talia et alia plura dicebantur, transibat quidam viator, qui legatus erat Gilde liistoriogi-aphi, deferens eneum cimbalum ab eodem Gilda compositum, ut deferret Saneto Dewi pontifici in presentationem, ob memoriam preterite societatis et dilectionis; illo transeunte juxta antrum vie publice vicinuni, sonuit cimbalum sine humano motu com- motum. Audiens autem Sanctus Iltutus dulcem sonitum pervenit ad deferentem, movitque tribus vicibus probando dulcissi- mam sonitatem, interrogans eundem quo tenderet, aut quo deferet rem speciosam, auro prestantiorem. Qui respondens, ait, " Tendo et defero hoc cimbalum Saneto Dewi, ex jussi- one Gilde preclari." His prolatis recessit et pervenit ad Menevensem vallem, donans tali dono pontificeni. Donatus movit cimbalum, ex motione nullum reddidit sonum ; Ponti- fex admirans illud admirabile, inquisivit a legato utrum motum, aut probatum fuerat ab aliquo per viam in legati- one. Ille inquisitus intimavit sicut contigerat superius, et intimata presul veraciter credidit dicens, "Scio quod noster magister Iltutus illud voluit possidere personitus dulcedine; nolebat tanien petere, audiens quod debuit mihi mitti a Gilda datore, non vult Domimxs ut hoc habeam, reverte sine dilatione ad speluncam, et reddito Saneto Iltuto quam desideravit rem destinatam; legatus reversus est ad Iltutum, et implevit pontificale preceptum, relinquens ibi habitato- rem unicum propter crebram visitationem angelorum. Postea legatus intimavit in cenobio quod viderat, et qua- liter sibi contigerat. His auditis cenobite letanter adierunt predictum locum, ibique repperiunt abbatem karissimum; letantur confratres in inventione religiosissimi abbatis; leta- tur et ipse sciens reperiri non posse, nee remeasse nisi divino nutu. Veniebant universi compatriote gratias agentes pro redeunte domino, talia dicendo, "Prius ei'amus mesti non hilares, et secius ab omni adversitate et periculo, nullum time- mus propter dominum timendum, sub hoc refugio nemo au- 176 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. sus erit nobis adversari sub tanto dominio ; reges et princi- pes part'bunt virtuoso principi, locus iste principalis super loca hujus pagi; nostra gaudia latebant in occulto antro, non dilatant per terminos sine merore preterite, antrum istud non obscumm sed plenum lumine, habitante enini Iltuto non desinebat fulgore augelico splendescere. 20. De nequissimo Cefygid, preposito regis Meirchiauni, quem terra palustris degiutivit, Interea rexit abbaciam pacifice, ammonens confratres, et omnes communiter sub vera religione, orans et jejunans in congruo jejunandi tempore. Cepit tamen quidam pre- positus, nomine Cefygid, adversari et ofFendere Sanctum et clerum frequentissime in arcendis pascuis, et conclusuris pecorum, et armentorum sepissime. Tenebat pecora per triduum, nolens pro perversitate a possessoribus recipere vadimonium; duni fierent soluta, maeies apparebat per la- tera, nee mirum quamvis tenuata post triduana jejunia ; ofFensus itaque Iltutus ab injuriosissimo preposito creber- rime, noluit tamen ilium maledicere, sed potius pro crebris persequitionibus, et dampnis solebat benedicere, exorans ut corrigerctur, et converteretur ab iniquitate ne finiret nequis- simus vitam suam in semita malicie. Summus vero celestis judex videns ilium nolle emendare quod deliquerat, concessit ut tellus palustris eundem deglutiret, et nequam spiritus ejus cruciatus dignos suis operibus intraret. Eadem palus apparet hactenus conspectui humano, in sigimm nequitie malefactoris pro malefacto. 21. De commotione fiiroris JMeirchiauni vcsani regis, quem terra degiutivit. Rex Älcircliiaunus vesania plenus, audiens in suo dampno de suo fiduciali preposito tale infortunium contigisse, doluit et iratus cupivit in Sanctum Iltutum irruere, aut interficere, aut pcnitus de suo dominio expellere. Induit arma quasi bcllicosus miles in pugnaci milicia, de castello celeriter cquitat ad portam civitatis; dum ita staret paratus ad liomi- VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 177 cidium perpetrandum, sicut antea frequentaverat, terra ab- sorbuit malivolum, non apparentem amplius ante familiarem conspectum; et pro tantis malefactis que perpetraverat, flatus ejus punibilis migi-avit illuc quo puniuutur anime iniquorum sine uUis remediis. Post aliquod temporis inter- vallum aggi-avatus est Sanctus Iltutus a multitudine conflu- entium, et impeditus in suis orationibus, propter quam causam adivit Lingarchicam speluncam ; ubi remanens spatio trium annorum subvigilus, et jejunus, sumens omni bora nona celestem sibi pastum per angelum sibi delatum, et super petrana interiorem repositum, ubi vidit venerabile miraculum. 22. De miraculo viso in Garthica sjjelunca. Quodam die dum sederet ad os spelunce, vidit naviculum venientem et appropinquantem littori, ut ad latus perven- erat, respexit duos viros honestissimos in navicula remigan- tes, et unum altare divino nutu super faciem navicule fulci- tum. Sanctus autem Iltutus migravit in obviam, proferens verba salutatoria per letitiam ; at illi post modicam interlo- cutionem, dederunt corpus odoriferam cujusdam sanctissimi viri, Sancto Iltuto revelantes illius nomen, et post revela- tionem proliibuerunt ut nunquam illud propalaret ; sicque reconsignato corpore beato Iltuto, remeaverunt. His per- actis attulit corpus et altare quod fiierat super faciem sanc- tissimi viri, et sepelivit in spelunca lionorifice, altari super posito sepulto corpore sicut fiierat ante fulcitum divino nu- mine, per quod plura miracula gesta sunt pro sua sanctitate. 23. De duobus latronibundis in duos lapides transforma- tis. Nocte quadam duo latrunculi furati sunt gregem porcor- um Sancti Iltuti, compellentes de sua hara, tetenderunt ad silvestria loca, estimantes rectam semitam tenere, devia- verunt per noctem vagando donee redierunt cum gi-ege ad eundem locum quem deseruerant, aurora coruscante ; grex vero fatigatus requievit usque ad horam tertiam, subulco i 178 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. admirante porcorum perlon^atam soninolentiam. Post habi- tam requiem sicut consueverat tetendit ad pabulum ; appro- pinquaute autem uocte reversus est grex ad liaram, dum eidem nequissimi, de quibus prefati sumus, denuo venerunt, et compellentes sues de eodem loco migraverunt ; eiTando sicut antea ad montem longinquum fiierintque devii velut imperiti, ac si lumquam fuissent in sui itineris peritia cer- tificati. Tandem en-onei reversi sunt, nescientes ad predic- tum locum quia tunc illi sicut prius eodem modo contigit ; ceterum rex celestis, et summus con-ector AÌdens malificos nolle reverti a sua malignitate, mutavit eorum corpora in duos lapides ; spiritus autem veluti meruerant permisit adire penas iufernales. Hoc memorabile miraculum credibile est a posteris, hactenus enim apparet locus hare, que vocatur sub Iltuti nomine ; hucusque etiam videntur lapides immo- biles sub duorum latronum appellatione, et duros lapides mutari credere latrones ; nequitie testes meruerunt, sic vo- cati remanentes; pro grege porcorum sunt corpora versa duorum sub nive, sub pluvia, sub grandine sunt sine vita. 24. De tribus gi-anariis, quorum plenitude ex frumento advecta est a Brittannia ad Letaviam, que quondam Ar- morica vocabatur. Beatissimus II tutus vol ens Aasitare ecclesiajii Sancti Michael in JSIonte Tumba, habens in possessione tria horrea frumcnti plena ante recessionem, precepit suis prepositis ut efficerent quatinus totum frumentum excuteretm-, et excuss- um ignarus reponetur contra suum reditum de sua heredi- tate Letavia, reservaretur. Impletum est autem dominicum preceptum, completum est insuper visitandi desiderium ; post vitationem vero cepit reverti in reversionem, vidit homines inedia pene ad mortem afflictos, et nisi subveneret quamtotius moribundos. Afflictus est videndo hujusmodi cgestatcm condoluit, celestem auxiliatorem ut auxiliaretur exoravit; auditis precibus in celesti atrio, allatum est supra- dictum frumentum, divinitus quod optaverat portari in suis oracionibus; et inventum est postca in porta Letaviensi VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 179 super litus unum ; tota Letavia se pavit, et insuper agricul- turas seminavit ; magnificaut, et gratias agunt auxiliatori, cujus orationibiis fuerat ab infesta fame tutati. Inde rediit navigando per mare Gallicum, universis insistentibus in li- tore, et unanimiter felicem transitum benedicentibus ; feli- cior adventus non fuit in Letavia, nollent cives ut reme- aret, sed remaneret in patria ; noluit taraen ipse remanere ob tanta desideria, verum in Brittannia elegit habitare quam- vis exul ex paternali linea. Cum vero tempus appropinquasset, quo Dominus dilecti sui beati Iltuti labores electis suis pollictia centupla recom- pensatione remunerare decrevisset, prout arbitramur, divino instinctu ad patrium solum, Letavia videlicet, et quam nos Minorem Brittanniam vocamus, denuo reversus ; ibique apud civitatem Dolensem, prefinitis sibimet a proprio credi- tore, qui mortalibus terminos qui per se terriri non poterunt, constituit diebus, virtutibus scitateque transactis clarus mi- raculis et signis atque prodigiis Celebris, terre corpus, spiri- tum quippe Domino commendans octavo Id. Novembris, funesto seculo defungens, ac vite perpetue celestique nascens, in eternum victurus gaudens, transivit ad Dominum, cui est honor, potestas et imperium per omnia secula seculo- rum. AMEN. 25. De preda reddita, que qualitate equorum. Anglorum tex Edgarus baclianti furore commotus, com- movit exercitum suum propter Glatmorganensium inobed- ientiam, atque ad eandem regionem adduxit, violando sanc- torum territoria, et ipsa templa, nullam etiam villam invio- latam permittens per universam patriam. In hac itaque invasione ablata fuit nola Sancti Iltuti ab ecclesia ejusdem, ac perlata a quodam predone ad Anglicam tellurem; re- meante quidem exercitu posita est, ac ligata circa collum unius equi, qui in Aureo Monte preerat armento regali et equestri ; Aureus Mons iste appellatus est, scilicet et prop- ter conventum ibidem in exercitum astantium, aureis indu- mentis et deauratis armis fulgentium. In meridiana autera 180 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. hora, tlum rex quiesceret in tentorio campestri in planicie affixo, flividereturque maxima predatio, visum regi quod quidum tciTÌbilis miles suum pectus lancea perforasset, atque post perforationem nemini visum, graviter condolens revelavit quod viderat, omnibus negantibus se vidisse quod ab ipso videri confirmabat. Novit igitur se esse culpabi- ]em et violentum predatorem timoratus imperavit sacrilege exercitui reddere Deo et sanctissimo Iltuto totam predatio- nem, promittens deinceps emendationem ; atque in honore tjusdem Sancti, edificavit templum, et servientibus in temp- le concessit in quo stetit, territorium. Hec emendatio tamen profuit suo spiritui; recessit enim ab hoc seculo nono die propter nequitie vindietam. Interea predictus equus nolam deferens preivit coram omnibus ibi manen- tibus, et nullis compelleutibus versus occidentalem plagam, toto armiento equestri consequente nole dulcem sonorita- tem, quod mirum et admirabile audiendo et videndo tantam virtutem. Hoc mirabilius quod potuit transire Savernam ; venit ad banc ripam sine perditiouem petendam ; consequi- tur souitum collectio fortis equorum, et diligit auditum vocis dulcedine plenum. Deinde festinanter per litora mon- ies et nemora per venit ad quam tendebat Gulatmorcantiam, omnibus equis audientibus et consequentibus dulcem sono- ritatem. Dum itaque equi pervenissent ad ripam Tamie fluminis, auditus est sonitus cimbali a clero, quamobrem bilarescit clerus, et venit in obviam equo preunti, et preferenti idem tintinnabulum usque ad Sancti Iltuti ecclesie januam. Ubi detulisset illico deposuit rigide resolutum a coUo, ceciditque super saxum et ex casu babuit unius partis fracturam, quod ostcndit usque in hodiernum diem, in hujus miraculi eximii memoriam. Inde canitur gloriosa psalmodia in choro, quanta gaudia et preconia fuerat pro hoc miraculo. Singuli de canonicis innumerabilibus habuerunt unum equum ; sed l>ro prccellente vix fuit peractum inter canonicos litigium ; imus diccbat unusquisque mens isto erit, alius vero referebat, '' Nf)n patiur fieri electioncm tantam ;" Tercius confimaliat, VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. 181 dicens, "Non sic ultro implebitis voluntatem vestram." Hec duravit contentio sine concordia usque in diem crasti- num, fere orta ad multorum homicidiunique. Die autem secundo adventus equestris gregis, venit clerus ad gregem equorum, volens equaliter et jmcifice partiri ; et dum parti- retur vidit omnes equos equales esse, et nullum ut ante vi- derat precellare, deinde divisio finita est sub concordia, et pacificatus est clerus per divisionem pacificam. Tali mode aniore Iltuti remisit Deus raptum eimbalum, et totam pre- dationem ad ejusdem sanctissimum templum. 26. De victoria cleri Sancti lUtuti in exleges, et in castello Meirchiauni. Rege Anglorum, Willelmo regnante per Brittanniam, et Roberto principe, Haimonis filio, regente Gulatmorcantiam, ceperunt Aquilonares Brittanni acriter regi resistere; et Australes postea communi et firma conjuratione vastabant et incendebant villas et menia. Veniebant hostes de ne- moribus ut nocerent Angligenis, et Normanigenis civibus- que ; populabantur ac revertebantur ad montes longinquo, et ad nemora cum immensis predationibus. Interea commo- tus est exercitus a Walensibus, circiter tria millia armatorum equitum etpeditum,ut devastarent et incenderent Gulatmor- cantiam ; hoc audito pro hostili incursu, clerus Sancti Iltuti cum suis parrochianis munivit per fossam, et per sepem super ripam equoreum firmiter factam, et sic munita, intra- vit conans protegere sub tutamine pecuniam ; hoc peracto, venerunt incauti hostes noctu ante portam, nam si per diem venissent, habuissent victoriam. Nocturna igitur pugna orta est inter acies utriusque, donee multi ceciderunt exani- mes ex jactu lapidum, et lancearum vibratione, et alii quam- plures vulnerati, condolebant plangentes in certamine. Dum talia agebantur, dense scintillule crebro apparebant in aere, inter templum Sancti Iltuti et castellum regis Meirchiauni, juxta quod erat bellum, choruscabant valde quasi fulgura; ad protegendum populum catholicum apparu- erunt signa angelica. Quanto plus oppugnabant due acies 182 VITA SANCTI ILTUTI. tanto ardentins effiil^'ebaut in ethere ignee species ; refugium Dei, et sanctissimi Iltuti fiiit violatum, propterea tria millia ante castellnm divicta sunt a minori numero; femine iner- mes administrabant anna pugnantibus, pueri inibecilles non cessabant interius, hostiles clipei frangebantur lapideis ejec- tionibus, terrifici clamores fundebantur ab hostibus; rari carebant sanguineis vultibusque; affuit illico virtus divina dum paucitas interioris pugne fugavit et devicit tria millia. Levis poterat ascensus fieri ad triumphum, sed fortis Iltu- tus non concessit ascensum; sed si per lucem oppugnassent, ascendissent levissime; sed lux summa, et lux vera hoc nolebat concedere : non est virtus neque vigor ubi manet nerjuitia : hie ])robatum manifeste dum fugit Guynedotie turba. Explicit. IX. Wi\ Innrti I\ẃ\i INCtl'IT VITA SANCTI KEBII, El'ISCOI'I. ií.anCtUÔ Kepius unus fuit ex bonis servis cclestis patris, ^ cujus festum colitur in octavo die Novembris, scilicet sexto idus Novembris. Ortiis autem fait de regioni Cornu- bionim, inter duo flumina, Tamar et Liniar; cujus pater Salomon fuit Erbin filius, filius Gerenit, filius Lud; pater ejus vero princeps milicie fuit, ipse in scola nutritus fuit. Beatus vero Kepius septennis erat quando incijjit legere; postea vero fuit in regione sua per viginti annos; delude ivit in peregrinationem lerosolimam, adorare sepulchrum Do- mini, postea fuit apud beatissimum Hilarium episcopum Pictavensem, ibi fuit per quinquaginta annos, ubi illumina- vit cecos, et leprosos mundabat, paraliticos et mutos in- sanos et demoniacos sanavit. Postea accejilt gradum epis- copalem ab Hilario episcopo; deinde admonitus est ab angelo Domini ut remearet ad suam propriam; iiji fuit per parvum spacium. Rogatusque est, itaque ut venit quatinus rex esset Coruubiorum, et noluit accipere potestatem hujus seculi preseutis. Postmodo dum exivit in propriam suam cum decem discipulis suis, hiiscuni disciimlis Maelauc, Li- biau, Peulan, Kengar, et reliqui. 1 Ex. Cott. Lib. Brit. JIus. Vespasian A. XIV. " Wallice, ». Cÿíi. 184 VITA SANCTI KEBII. Postea pervenit Kepius usque ad regionem Ethelicheaun, et erat Ethelic ivx vivus in illo tem])ore. Decendit Sanc- tus Kepius in medio prati sui, et tetendit tentorium suum iiluc. Et misit Ethelic quendam vimm videre qui essent homines qui descendunt in prato suo; revertens vir ille ad Ethelic, et dixit ille, "Monachi sunt," Et confestim sur- rexit Ethelic cum omni familia sua ejicere monachos de terra sua; et protinus cecidit Ethelic de equo suo in via, et statim mortuus est equus ejus, et cecus fuit Ethelic statim et tota familia ejus. Tunc Ethelic prostravit se in faciem suam, deditque corpus et animam suam Deo, et Sancto Kepio; et statim per orationem Sancti Kepii, sanati sunt viri Ethelic, et ipse, et equus ejus. Delude Ethelic tribuit in perpetuo Sancto Kepio duas ecclesias, quarum una Lan- kepi vocatur, altera autem Landaverguir, et ibi dimisit Kepius parvum digiti sui cimbalum varium. Tunc Sanctus Kepius benedicens Ethelic regem, egressus est inde ad civitatem Meneu Sancti David, et ibi moratus tribus diebus et tribus noctibus. Inde transfretavit Hiberniam, ad insulam Arum, in qua quatuor annis mansit, et in honore Dei omnipotentis ibi ecclesiam edificavit. Consobrinus autem ejus Kengar erat senex, eui Sanctus Kepius emit vaccam cum vitulo suo, qui alium cibum propter senectutem suam manducare non poterat; et ibi discipuli ejus fortiter terram coluerunt. Quadam die itaque contigit quod unus de discipulis Sancti Kepii, JNIaelauc nomine, ad ostium cubiculi Crubthir Fin- tani fodere terram exiret; videns autem Crubthir Fintam, iratus venit ut jirohiberet ilium, et ait, " Noli fodere terram in ostio cubiculi mei." Inde Sanctus Kepius et Fintam exierunt pariter ad abbatem insule Arum, qui Enna vocaba- tur, et pacificabat illos ; factum est autem quodam die ut vitulus vacce Kengar pergeret in messem Crubthir Fintam, et venerunt discipuli Crubthir Fintam, et tenuerunt vitu- lum, et alligaverunt eum ad arborem magnam. Alisitque Sanctus Kepius unum ex discipulis suis ad Crubthir Fin- t:im ut solverct vitulum, et non solvit, scd adhuc Crubthir VITA SANCTI KEBII. 185 Fintam in sua iracundia perse verabat; Sanctus Kepius vero oravit Domiiium ut vitulus ad matrem suam veniret, quia senex Kengar pene mortuus erat propter iuopiam lactis, quia sine vitulo vacca ilia nichil lactis impendebat. Exau- divit Deus deprecacionem Sancti Kebii, et mirabiliter vi- tulum ad matrem suam, cum arbore ilia cui alligebatur, et cum radicibus suis, dimisit. Tunc Crubtliir Fintam depre- catus est Dominum, ut fugaret vel deleret Sanctum Kebium de insula Arum, quia Deus amavit eum ; et venit angelus Domini in sonipno ad Sanctum Kebium, dixitque ei, " Vade de hac insula ad orientalem plagam." Cui Sanctus Kepius respondit, dicens, "Deleat Deus Crubthir Fintam de insula hac." Dixitque angelus, "Sic erit." Inde venit Sanctus Kepius ad australem plagam regionis JMide, et ibi quadraginta diebus, et quadraginta noctibus permansit ; et edificavit ibi ecclesiam, que usque hodie ec- clesia magna vocatur Mochop. Audiens autem Crubthir- Fintam quod ibi Sanctus Kepius habitaret, venit et dixit ei, " Perge ad alium locum, mea est adhuc ista terra." Tunc Sanctus Kepius tribus diebus jejunavit, ut Deus ostenderet ei quid inde ageret. Dixitque angelus Sancto Kepio, "Perge ad Orientem." Fecitque Sanctus Kepius ita, et venit ad campum Bregh, et ibi permansit septem diebus. Audiens autem adhuc Crubthirfintam adversarius ejus, venit ad eum, et dixit Sancto Kepio, " Perge ad alium locum." Tunc Sanctus Kepius dixit, " Deprecor Deum omnipoten- tem ut ostendat michi quid faciam." Cui dixit angelus, " Perge ad dextralem plagam." Fecitque ita, et venit ad regionem Vobyun, et ibi moratus est duodecim diebus. Adhuc Crubthirfintam secutus est eum, et dixit ei, " Kepi, perge trans mare." Tunc Sanctus Kepius iratus, dixit ei, " Omnes ecclesie tue in tantum sunt deserte, ut nunquam tres ecclesie inveniantur canentes ad altare tuum in Hiber- nia insula." Tunc Sanctus Kepius misit discipulos suos ad silvam; ut inciderent materiem lembi ; statim etenim inciderunt, et edificaverunt eum; factoque lembo venit Crubthirfintam, et 186 VITA SANCTI KEBII. ait illis, " Intrate in Icmbo sine corio, si servi Dei estis." Ciii resjwntlit Sanctus Kepius, prophetico response, dicens, " Mirabilis Dcus in Sanctis suis, Deus Israel ipse dabit vir- tutcm et fortitudineni plebi sue, benedictus Deus." Et dixit Sanctus Kepius discipulis suis, " Ponite lembum super mare," ac illi posuerunt, et ingi-essus est Sanctus Kepius cum discipulis lembum carentem corio, et confestim tem- pestas valida in mare venit, et timuerunt valde discipuli ejus, et fortiter Sanctus Kepius Deum rogavit, cujus roga- tione divisit Deus scopulum in duos, et j)rosiluit lembus sursum inter duos scopulos; demumque a})plicuerunt Älon- nie iusule. Tunc ibi Santus Kepius baculo suo jiercussit rujiem, et confestim manavit aqua. Inde Sanctus Kepius venit ad locum, qui dicitur Cundab, et ibi aliquanto spacio moratus est dixitque cuidam ex dis- cipulis suis, scilicet Caifo, " Perge, aporta nobis ignem." At CafFo ad domum cujuslibet fabri, nomine JNIagurn, per- rexit, et interrogavit Magurn discipulum, " Unde venis ?" Discipulus respondit, "A magistro meo Kepio, veni." In- terrogavitque Magurnus eum, "Quid vellet." Cui discipu- lus respondit, "Ignem vellem habere." Et ait Magurnus, " Ignem tibi non dabo, nisi in sinu tuo portaveris." Dixit- que CafFo, " Pone ignem in sinu meo." Et ])osuit INIagur- uus, et confestim reversus est Caifo ad magistrum suum Kepium, portans ignem positum in sinu suo, et non com- bustum est saltern fimbria de cocula ejus. Tunc Mailgun rex super Gwenidocie provincias regnabat; quodam die contigit quod ad montana, venandi causa, exi- ret ; videns autcm capram, molossum suum iustigavit, ut oc- cujiaret eani ; tunc capra ad Sancti Kepii casulam, refugii causa, velociter cucurrit; et dixit Sanctus Kepius ad disci- pulum suum Caffb, "Recede a me, non possumus esse simul." Et \euit ad oppidum, quod dicitur hodie JNIertbir CafFo, et ibi occiderunt Rosiur pastoresCafîo; et ideo maledixit beatus Kepius pastoribus Rosiur cum domina sua. Et invenit capra refugium, et secutus est eam Rex Mailgun usque ad casulani Ki'pii. d dixit ad eum rex, '•Dlnuttc capnini." VITA SANCTI KEBII. 187 Et ait Kepius, "Non dimittam, nisi dederis ei vite refugiuni." Dixitque rex iracundus, "Si non dimiseris, ejiciam te oni- nino de ista terra." Et ait beatus Kepius, " Non est in tua potestate ut ejicias me de ista terra, sed in potestate Dei est; sed tamen dimittam tibi capram istam, si immolaveris Deo omnipotenti, et mihi totam terram, quam circnerat ante molossum tuum." Et ait rex, "Libenter immolabo." Et dimisit Sanctus Kepius capram, et secutus est molossus illam per totum promontorium, et reversa est ad casulam Sancti Kepii iterum. Et postea ortus est conflictus inter i-egem Mailgun, et Sanctum Kepiura ; sed non poterat re- sistere servo Dei. Et ideo contulit castellum suum Deo omnipotenti, et agio Kepio in perpetua elemosine oblatione, et ibi dormivit cum Christo cum magno honore sexto Idus Novembris. Venitque multitudo angelorum, et duxerunt sanctissimam animam ejus ad celum in consortio patriarcharum, prophe- tarum, in unitate apostolorum, et evangelistarum, in unitate martyrum, et confessorum, in unitate virginum, et omnium sanctorum justorum, in unitate ecclesie celestis ubi est dies sine nocte, tranquillitas sine metu, gaudium sine fine; ubi sunt septem res eternales, vita sine morte, juventus sine se- nectute, letitia sine tristitia, pax sine discordia, lux sine te- nebris, sanitas sine dolore, regnum sine commutacione. Beati sunt qui habitant cum Abel, et Enoc, et Noe, cum Habraliam, et Ysaac, et Jacob, cum Mosse et Aaron, et Josua filio Nun, et cum duodecim proplietis, et cum duode- cim apostolis, et cum omnibus Sanctis ab initio mundi usque in finem, cum viginti ordinibus angelorum, cum Patre, et Filio, et Spiritu Sancto, in pace et letitia, et in puritate, et juventute, sine fame, et sine nuditate, cum habundantia totius corporis, sine ullo malo, circa regem juvenem, largum, pulchrum, eternum. Rogamus Deum omnipotentem ut mereamur possidero illam beatitudinem per intercessionem beati Kejiii in secula seculorum. Amen. X. '0itíi lünrti ^^iitrai. INCIPIT VITA SANCTI PATERXI, EPISCOPI. CÖríÔÍUÖ filius Dei vivi, tertia Trinitatis divine persona, coeternus, et consubstantialis Patri et Spiritu Sancto de- dit hoc preceptum ecclesie, ut affectantius provocaret homi- num mentes ad religionem, pollicendo iUis geminam merce- dem, id est, hie centuplum et vitam eternam in future. Lucas vero evangelista, discipulus Sancti Paul apostoli, medicus corporis et anime, hoc preceptum ob communem Christianorum salutem scripsit; talis autem est sensus istius precepti, " Qui propter regnum Dei accipiendum om- nes aifectus conterserit, et omnes seculi divitias luxusque calcaverit, multo plura in presenti recipiet quam a fratribus atque consortibus propositi sui, qui ei spirituali glutino colligantur, multo graciorem etiam in hac vita caritatem, recipiet ; banc siquidem caritatem, quam inter parentes ac filios atque germanos, et conjuges, et propinquos, sive socie- tas copule, sen consanguinitatis necessitudo conjungit, satis brevem constat esse, ac fragilem ; Qui igitur propter reg- num Dei tcmporalia spernunt, etiam in hac vita ejusdem regni gaudia certa fide degustant, atque in expectatione prime colestis omnium pariter electorum sincerissima dilec- tione friunit. VITA SANCTI PATERNI. 189 Ex quibus est Sanctus Paternus episcopus, qui terrenam heroditatem derelinquens, ac auxilium visitans summiim regni celestis fieri heredem atque civem concupivit. Qui gente quidem Armoricus fuit parentibus autem nobilibus ortus est, Petrano scilicet patre, matre vero Guean, qui uno conventu utentes, genuenmt Sanctum Paternum. Postea vero se sempiterno Deo servicio dedicaverunt ; nam Petra- nus illico Letaviam deserens, Hiberniam expetivit. Graciosa itaque apparuit nativitas Sancti Paterni, per quem pater ejus sanctus eifectus est, et mater ejus famula Cliristi eíFecta, religiosam vitam duxit in eternum; convenienti igitur ordi- ne a Deo previsum est, ut sicut Cliristus ex summo patre, Deus de Deo, lumen de lumine ortus est, ita Paternus Sanctus ex Sanctis parentibus nasceretur. Illico enim ut natus est ille Christum sequi elegerit. At Paternus mox ut sensit aliquid rationale in mundo, interrogat matrem, cum qua derelictus fuerat, quem patrem liabuisset, viveret, an non, aut si viveret, ubi erat, et cur alibi morareret, ac non potius in propria hereditate mansitasset. Cui lacrimando mater respondit, " Pater tuns quidam vivit, et plus Deo quam mundo ; perrexit autem bine ad Hiberniam, ubi jeju- nat, orat, vigilat, meditatur, miseretur, dormit in psiathico, genuflectit alto Domino quot diebus quot que noctibus." Tunc adolescens spiritu Sancto desuper flante comfortatus, ait, " Quo ergo modo in meliore potest filius vivere quam boni patris imitatione, nam si rex sit, patrem ilium iraitari in regimine filius appetit ; itaque moriar, si non assequar patrem meum per semitas quas elegit. In illo tempore Corns ecclesiasticus monacliorum, Leta- viam deserens, Brittanie meditabantur oras appetero ; nam sicut hiemale alvearium, arridente vere animos extollens, et augende populi prudenter insistens, aliud primumprecipu- umque foras emittit examen, ut alibi mollificet ; ita Leta- via, accrescente serenitate religionis, caterva sanctorum ad originem unde exierunt, transmittit sub ducibus Hetinlau, Catman, Titechon. Hac etiam provocatus fama sanctus ju- venis Paternus cinxit se cum ceteris in exilium, non segnior 190 VITA SANCTI PATERNI. sne oribiis, seel quanto junior tanto in laborando ferventior, etatem suam in roligiosis moribus transcendebat. Itaque conveniinit omnes cbori, ad transnavigandum Brittanniam unanimiter petentes; mox Paternus quartus dux cobortis efficitur, nou postulacione sua, sed consobrini ejus -videntes ilium preparare ad culmen perfectionis, statuerunt, dicen- tes, " Quum Deus prefecit te in moribus, oportet ut pre- esse debeas in populis ad exemplum vite." Prospero igitur navigio, omnes clerici oras insule Brittannorum tenent; Paternum secuntur octingenti quadraginta septem monachi, capit Sanctus cum Sanctis locum in ecclesia, cognomento Mauritaua, ubi Sanctus Paternus postea miraculo honesto claruit. Edificavit itaque mox ibi mouasterium ; postquam autem edificavit templum, ac monasterium, sub economo, et ])re- posito et decano statuit,reminiscitur sui patris. Benedicit fra- tribus, licenciam accipit. Hiberniam navigat, patrem visitat, invicem resalutant, gratias summo DeoChristo agunt, tandem simul sedent. At tunc temporis in Hiberuia reges duarum provinciarum discordant, vastationes ab invicem oriuntur, rapiuntur prede, domus cremantur, consurgunt bella, cadunt fratres, terra ad internecionem et solitudinem desolatur. Tandem misericors Arbiter orbis solita misertus providentia, causam insperate pacis, ad episcoiJum cujuslibet civitatis ecclesie per angelum suum mittit, et ait, " Nisi uterque ex- ercitus -sTiltus Sancti nuper ex Brittannia venientis viderit, nunquam placabuntur ad invicem reges maliciosi." Extem- plo legati mittuntur, Paternum bonorifice aduocant, exerci- tus convocantur, Paternum in medio statuunt ; gratia vul- tus ejus diaboli propelluntur ; pax perpetua inter utras- que provincias oritur, eterna unitas nascitur a Deo ; ut in signo unitatis hominum, cadant ligna provincie in casu lig- norum alterius provincie. Tunc omnes Dominum magnificant in servo suo Paterno, ac omnes benedicentes, dixerunt, " Sit semper tibi signum pacis, per quod clarescat nomen tuum in terra dum vivas, et post mortem, quod impletur in munere Cerirguen." Tanta VITA SANCTI PATERNI. 191 iiamque utilitas baculi istius est, ut si qui duo discordantes sint, per ejus conjurationem pacentur. De Christo autem dicitur, " Quod bonus pastor agiioscit que sint ejus oves," secundum quod preceptum, Sanctus Paternus, fi-atres quos in Brittannia relinquerat, in memoriam reducit. Valedicit patri, benedicitur a patre, Brittanniam adiit et fratres in- columes corpore et animo invenit. Inter quos Nimanauc nuper advenientem repperit ; qui in Letavia post Paternum vivere non valens, ad oram maris venit ; quondamque pe- tram invenit, in qua stetit, et ait, " Si Domino Deo sint placita que meditor, et si vere sanctus est Paternus, ille quem assequi volo, surgat petra et natet equora, solidentur unde, obduret pelagus ne mergat lapidem, vehar ad domi- num incolumis ducem Sanctum Paternum." Dicto citius mirabili navigio maritimam ecclesiam in oris Brittannie petit; salutatur a fratribus, suam bistoriam narrat, Dominum Deum omnes una voce magnificant in Sanctis suis, qui hu- mile votum Nimanauc implevit, et virtutem summi sancti sui manifestavit, id est Paterni. Tunc Paternus monasteria et ecclesias per totam Cereticam regionem edificavit, quibus duces statuit, idem Samson, Guinnius, Guipper, Nimanauc. Sanctus igitur Paternus lampas in doctrina et opere eifec- tus est per totam Brittanniam. Interea Mailgun rex borealium Brittonum, australes Brittannos ad bellandos et subjiciendos visitans, cum forti exercitu adusque ostium fluminis Claracli venit ; ac quum ipse semper temptator sanctorum aderat, duos precones se precedere jussit, ut Sanctum Paternum aliquo malicioso modo temptarent. Dicebantur autem Graban et Terillan. Illi nequiter sciscitantes, venerunt ad proclivum Clarach, fiscos musco, et glarea implent, thesauros regales assimulant ad Sanctum apportandos, custodire hos mandant, dum rex prospere revertatur; Sanctus annuit, deponi jubet, illos in- veniendos esse sicut relicti fuerant affirmat. Rex preterit, precones secuntur, pacifice revertitur rex, pacatis Brittannis. Et misit precones malignos ut temjjtarent Sanctum ; tunc celeriter cellam adeunt, fiscos attollunt, interiora eorum ex- 192 VITA SANCTI PATERNI. interant, muscos ct glareas deponunt, proterve exclamant omnes regis tliesauros furti raptos, et pro eis glareas et mus- cos esse immissos; Sanctus e contra respondit, iit dimissos ita fore inventos. At illi ruinam totius celle minabantur, si non thesauri redderentur ; a rege autem antea per totam Brittauniam edictuni fuerat ut omnis mendax aqua ferven- tissima depreheiideretur. Tunc in fervore spiritus jubet Paternus aquam in eneo calefacere, donee efferveret; hoc subito impletur; Paternus suam manum illico in aquam ferventissimi ardoris misit, que deposita alba ac frigida ut nix apparuit. ]\Iox coguntur precones ut manus suas in aquam mittant ; mox manus exuste maliciam mentium de- clarant; et extemplo precones toti combustivitam finiunt ; anime in speciebus corvinis alveum advolant, quod nomine alterius usque hodie vocatur, id est, Grabani. Tunc rex ipse Mailgun in sua statione cecatur oculis, infirmatur corde, genibus titubat, se moriturum confitetur propter reatum sue nequitie in Sanctum Paternum. Illico rex Paternum adiit, cui genuflectit, indulgentiam petit ; ac Sanctus Paternus indulgentiam dedit ; rex ilium remunerat quantitate agri, id est, ab ostio fiuminis Retiaul, sursum versi donee confinium amnis Clarauch in capite tangit ; et per longitudinem ejusdem amnis ad usque mare prolonga- tur terminus. In ilia hora rex sanatur oculis, vegetatur corde, genibus subsistit; pacabiles ab invicem receduut, Sanctus Paternus et rex, Deus autem in Paterno, Paternus- que in Deo per hoc miraculum. Cum hec aguntur, celestis nuntius ad Sanctum David in Rosina Valle, Christo Deo servientem, venit, et ait illi, " Surge et vade in lerusalem, ut ibi ordineris ; adde tibi duos condignos comites, qui pariter ordinentur, id est Pater- num et Teliau. Mox David ad illos misit; illi nee mora vene- runt; perrexerunt pariter trans barbaras gentes, gratiam linguarum accipicntes ; nam essent viri unius lingue, unum- quenique homiuem propria lingua in qua uatus fuerat, allo- quebautur. Pcrveuerunt tandem adusque lerusalem; ibique predicant nobilissima post apostolos predictione ; postea per VITA SANCTI PATERNI. 193 impositionem manus primi archiepiscopi ordinati sunt. Illi tres Sancti muneribus ditati sunt ; Paternus quidem duplici mu- nere ditatus est, baculo videlicet, et tunica ex toto contex- ta. Reversi sunt feliciter ; diviserunt Brittanuiam in tres episcopatus suos, nisi postea malicia tirannorum turbaret. Cum autem Paternus esset in ecclesia requiescens post tantum laborem marinum, deambulabat quidam tirannus re- giones altrinsecus, Arthm- nomine ; qui quodam die venit ad cellam Sancti Paterni episcopi. Et dum Paternum alloqueretur, aspexit tunicam, quem confossus zelo avaricie, petivit ut sua fieret ; respondens Sanctus, ait, " Non habitu cujuslibet maligni hec tunica condigna est ; sed habitu cle- ricatus." Ille baccando monasterium exivit; iterumque in- dignando revertitur ut tolleret tunicam contra comitum sanctorum consilia. Unus autem discipulorum Patemi videns ilium in furore revertentem cucurrit ad Sanctum Paternum, et ait, " Tirannus qui hinc antea exivit, reverti- tur insultans, subjiciens plantis terram placat." Respondit Paternus, " Immo absorbeat eum tellus." Cum dicto sta- tim terra aperit sinum sue profunditatis ; absorbetque Arthurum adusque mentum ; qui illico agnoscens suum reatum, incipit Deum pariter Paternumque laudare, donee veniam petens, terra ilium sursum emitteret; ab illo loco Sanctum flexis genibus poposcit indulgentiam, cui Sanctus indulsit. Paternum sibi sempiternum accepit patronum, ac sic discessit. In illis diebus Caradauc, cognomento Bretbras, trans ter- minos etiam Brittannie, regnum suum dilatavit ; et ad Letaviam veniens, illam ce])it imperio. Armorici autem venerunt ad ilium, dicentes, " Nisi Paternum nostratem ad uos prevocaveris ex Brittannia, non nos placabiles poteris invenire." At Caradauc deambulans per circuitum regni sui tandem venit adusque istam civitatem, qua tunc incole- bat Sanctus Paternus. Hec autem terra antequam Pater- nus veniret, Campus Ileli dicebatur, nunc autem metropolis Sancti Paterni dicitur ; nam viginti uno annis istas tres ec- clesias in arcta penitentia incoluit, hoc est septem in mari- UNIVERSIT»' )l 194 VITA SANCTI PATERNl. tima, septemque in media ilia, nomine Crucis Agam, ubi Grabanum et Terillannum vicit; ac septem ultimis post episcopatum, soli Deo in theorica vivens. In ista magna sua ecclesia mansit Caradauc, itaque obnixis precibus, ilium rogitat ut tandem ad documentum Letavie pergeret. At Paternus per apostolicum preceptum potestati resistere no- lens, consensit pergere ; innuitque regi, ut leges in eternuni permansuras ecclesiis suis statueret. Illico verbum regis sequitur, dicentis, "In tempore quidem meo sint ecclesie tue, seu insula maris magni, dicoque ego, qui sedeo in sum- ma cathedra regni Brittanorum, ut si quis rex, aut filius re- gis, aut dux banc legem irritam fecerit, aut brevientur dies ejus, aut ejus genealogia nee numeretur in terra, aut sempi- ternum infernum possideat." Et respondit universus popu- lus, et exercitus regis, et omnes Sancti discipuli Paterni, AMEN. Sanctus igiter Paternus valedicens fratribus suis, quos hie ad regendas ecclesias suas reliquit, et comfortans illos no in tribulationibus suis deficerent, sed in omnibus Dominum per ilium semper rogarent, ad Letaviam pervenit, ubi multa a falsis fratribus pertulit ; nam mox ut illuc pervenit, fama illius totam Letaviam implevit. Tunc autem Samson, quem precipuum in sanctitate omnes Armorici magnificabant, perambulabat parrochias, ut ecclesie omnium sanctorum Ar- moricorum census episcopatui ejus, et tunc et postea solve- rent in etemum. Contigit autem ut deveniret ad vicina loca urbis Guenet, juxta quam Sanctus Paternus episcopus monasterium ediucaverat ; tunc unus monachorum, Samson maligne scrutans, ait Samsoni, " Mitte ad Sanctum ex Brit- tannia nuper venientem, ut probes ejus liumilitatem, et manda eum nuntio ut quocunque statu sit, quando veniet ei nuntius, eodem inexcusabiliter ad te properet." Samson autem consilium simpliciter accipiens, ac nullam stropham in ilia sentiens, nuntium misit. Nuntius autem nee mora ad Sanctum venit Paternum indutum ocrea et caliga in luio jicde invenit, altero nudo manente, servus nuntiat lega- tionem per suum modum ; Paternus autem futura prevideus. i VITA SANCTI PATERNI. 195 non distulit, vadit ad consilium; maliciosus ille monachus, auctor mali consilii, Paternum semi-vestitum pedibus subri- det; qui illico arreptus demonio, in terram cadit. Moxque Samson causam intelligit, hoc est, quod auctor nefande temptationis in Sancto Paterno extiterat; ac tunc pacifice salutat, indulgentiam petit, datque Paternus, fatigatum sa- nat, diabolum pellit, honoratur Dominus in Sancto Paterno. Tunc etiam statuit Sanctus Samson, ut quamvis omnes episcopatus totius Letavie censum Sancto Samson redder- ent, episcopatus tamen Sancti Paterni liber ab omni homine fieret. Et quicuncque banc legem irritam faceret in ec- clesiis Sancti Paterni, et in possessionibus earum Leta-via et in Brittania, eisdem maledictionibus quibus rex Caradauc eum damnavit, pereat. Et respondit universus chorus cle- ricorum Letavie, Amen, Amen. Urbs autem Guenet, sedes episcopatus Sancti Paterni est, in qua Petrus apostolus unam ecclesiam tenet; nam per jussum commendavit, ut excepta sola aula, Caradauc honor semper illius urbis, et nomen, et fama, dedicaretur Sancto Paterno. Post hec tanta statuerunt sancti septem episco- patuum totius Letavie, ut convenirent in uno monte, et confirmarent suam unitatem in perpetuo mansuram. In qua sinodo, Paternus multum ab invidiosis, et falsis fratribus fatigatus, confirmans unitatem suam cum precipuis sex Sanctis, et ille septimus, secundum numerum septiformis gratie extans; timeusque ne per intolerantiam illorum ali- quo ullo tenui modo irasceretur, Letaviam deserens. Francos adivit; ibique in Domino obdormivit XVIIo kalendarum Mali mensis. Nam tres illius solemnitates Armorici colunt; hoc est istam diem kalendarum Novembris, quando unita- tem perpetuam statuit cum sex precipuis Sanctis Letavie, et diem sui obitus, et diem quo ordinem episcopatus accepit, id est XIIo kalendarum Julii mensis. Post obitum autem Sancti Paterni, Letaviam autem fames invasit; nam trium annorum spacio post mortem illius, nee ros, nee pluvia de celo per totam Letaviam descendit. In- quirunt omnes causam penurie et tanti caumatis ; invene- 196 VITA .«ANCTI PATERNI. runt tandem quod Sanctus Paternus injuriosis, et falsis fratribus afflictus deseruisset Letaviam; consilio inito, per- rexerunt omnes ad locum sepulture ejus apud Francos. Destinatur quod ut honorifice secum transportarent reliquias ejus, quod implere uon valuerunt; nam etiam unum ex os- sibus ejus totus exereitus transportare non poterant. Tur- bati sunt itaque, nesciebant quid facerent; tandem quidam nobilis ex urbe Guenet intervenit, et dixit, "Dum viveret Sanctus Paternus, a me postulabat semper aream meam, ut ibi fundamentum sue ecclesie statueret, quidem itaque privavi ilium sua petitione dum viveret, banc post mortem donabo; surgat itaque, sumat bonorem, petitionem accipiat." Cum dicto scrinium reliquiarum a terra sustollunt; faciliter etiam duo vel unus portant, ad Letaviam veuiunt, reliquias in ymnis et canticis spiritualibus in area nobilis superdicti bo- norifice sepeliunt. Ita factum est ut sicut templum Salomonis in area borrei Jebusei bonorifice edificatum est, sic templum Christo ama- bilc in area illius nobilis circa reliquias Sancti Paterni edi- ficare statuenint Armorici. Et edificata est alia civitas apud Francos, ubi primo sepultus fuerat; in urbe itaque Guenet expectant reliquie ejus diem judicii feliciter; anima autem ejus in celo letatur in unitate novem graduum celes- tium, in unitate sanctorum episcoporum, confessorum, et apostolorum, in unitate excellente omnem unitatem, id est, in unitate Trinitatis, Patris, Filii et Spiritus Sancti. Pre- camur itaque summum Sanctum Paternum, ut quemadmo- dum ille feliciter vivit in cells, ita et nos per intercessioneni illius babitemus in celestibus regnis per infinita secula se- culorum. Amen. Incipit Possessio agrorum Sancti Paterni Episcopi. Presente igitur Patriarcba Jerusalem, successerunt tria regna dextralia Brittannorum sub tribus episcopatibus trium sanctonim ; regnum Seisil consecratione ecclesiarum, et im- positionem graduum ccclesiasticorum, et confirmationem episcopalis baptismi, oleumque crismale, et omnia debita episcojialia ab cpiscopatu Sancti Paterni accepit. Regnum VITA SANCTI TATERNI. 197 autem Rein hec predicta jura ab episcopatu Saucti David accepit. At regnum Morgant a Sancto Eliud episcopalia debita suscepit; itaque tercius episcopalis locus est apud dextrales Brittannos civitas Sancti Paterni episcopi. Quo- modo autem oblatum est proprium territorium Sancti Paterni, predictum est in miraculo, quod egit Sanctus Pater- luis contra Maelgun. Quodam vero tempore dum incolerit Sanctus Paternus Episcopus cellam suam, contigit ut quidam ministrorum ejus necessario monasterii silvas visitaret, qui incidit in latrones, occisus est, illo autem non revertente, dubitavorunt ecclesiastici viri cur moram faceret Sanctis; sed causa mo- rarum illius divulgata est adusque aures poutificis Paterni. Quod audiens, et silvam adiens, vocavit ministrum suum proprio nomine, dicendo, "Responde Reaus magistro." Tunc caput revulsum a cadavere, respondit, "Hie assum Domine," Cum qua voce, pervenit episcopus ad locum responsionis, ubi vidit sejunctum a corpore caput ministri; ac elevatis oculis in celum, benedixit totum cadaver; cum benedictione beati viri conjuncta sunt caput et corpus, surrexitque minis- ter vivens. Ambo egerunt gratias in miraculo Christo ; fama autem suscitationis ejus pervenit ad satrapam, dictum no- mine Eithir; qui commotus virtute miraculi, adivit episco- pum, inquiens, "Meisunt malitiosi interfectores tui ministri; et ne ultio divina per commotionem tui animi me anticipet, veniam peto ; et ut placabilem mentem tuam ad me efficiam ; partem agri elegantissimi dicabo tibi sine repetitione census alicujus hominis ; lioc est ab aggere Liulnum inter duos amnes, hoc est Retiaul et Peit, usque ad oram maris." Cui Sanctus Paternus indulgentiam dedit, ac prenuntians, " An- tequam finias vitam tuam. Domino placebis, et in cimiterio loci istius honorifice depelieris, ubi solempnitas apud hunc chorum in eternum celebrabitur, quem vocitant vulgari nomine fuit Eithir map Arthat." XI. 'iìitii Iniirto^ tlìinfrẃr; INCIPIT VITA SANCT.í: WINFREDE, VIRGINIS ET MARTYRIS. /AliantO oporc regis archaniim operire salubro est, taiito- ^- pcre Dei niagnalia non revelare tormentuosum est; quamobrem quicquid de beata Wei]efreda,favcntc Deo, nobis traditione veterum, manifestatum est ad laudein ipsius Dei, et ad Yirgiiiis sue merita diclaranda, iitpote dignuni est in- choanduni. Iii diebus igitur quibus Catuaiius super Veue- docia; provincias regnabat, strenuus quidam miles trium duntaxat possessor villarum, nomine Teuyth, Eylud filius, in Tekeynglia manebat. Quarum prima Abelityc, secunda Maynguen, tertia Gueuplicnnaun appellabantur. Huic Teuyth propago non fuit data, filia sola excepta Wenefreda nuncupata; haîc statim ab ineunte cepit etate sponsum ada- mare celestem, horninesque transitorios respuens, sibi soli suam dicavit virginitatem. Quod illius genitor comperiens, ox ]iarte solicitatur mestus, ex parte exultabat, gratulabun- dus. Silji enim inerat mestitia, eo quod prole carebat, ilia sola excepta ; et quod quidem gravius ferebat ad servandum in posterum patrimonium viro ilia nubere reuuebat; e con- tra vcro gratulatio inerat sibi suam prolem Dei se subdere dicioni; cujus gratie causa proposuit lieros liberabilibus arti- bus suam tradere satam. Dumque in tali existebat propo- ' Pit lilcriuui liritanimm llonachum Anno I'.On, aiit Uobcrtum Salopiensem anno llitU, — lix. Colt. Lib. Brit. Mus. Clalujis A. V. - Wallice, Uuvufretfi. Jnaptutca tiotimtekre tomiemuolÄf* (lta»oln*etn qimfyniii dr immfeftaíueft:rapeUíií}atîttuíí ^mtUti^ ^^afe^Ç fetm oB ttwmite ce ^ teceleftem |i(mniies(|ítimt ftwmoíf eeftmmffilMfottftá dtcatuè turgimUtem.Q:twd I VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. 199 sito, beatus Beunonus pro superfluitate filiorum, Selym mansioue sua privatus, in dorao descendit ipsius ; quem lie- ros bene literatum atque religiosum animadvertens, de sua eum consuluit nata, sibi ejusdem votum enucleans. Per- pensis itaque prorsus militis elogiis, Beunonus inquit, " Si Deo tuum in manu mea commendes prediura, tecum hie habitabo, divina lege tuam instruens genitam." Ad hsee Teuyth, " Domine, si hoc in mea potestate constaret, nemo me avidius tale quid patraret ; sed nunc, Serve Dei, nisi nimium diu tibi videatur, te hie morari desidero, quoadus- que de tahbus regis responsum recipiam." At ille, " Caris- sime fili, progredere teque Deus procedat quo tuum reperias negocium." Teuyth igitur a domo sua egrediens, domo regis, domini ejus palatium petiit, ilium obnixe interpellans, ut sibi fateret, quod de suo patrimonio deliboraret. Ille re- fert, "0 vir venerande,nequaquam mihi vel tibi sortitur tuum sequestrare rus a provincie communione, ne sibi sit inutile, vel mee necessitati: sed harum quarumcunque villarum trium eligeres ad divinum officium tibi libere annuo si pla- citus fueris, raihique reliquas." Audito itaque regis response optimo, domum repedavit, quicquid a rege audierat, Beunono referens, "Ergo si mecum manere desideraveris," ait, " ad Dei ministerium, ubi tibi videatur opportunius in meo elige patrimonio." Beatus Beunonus inquid, " In Beluye solitudine mihi mansionem delibero." Quod et ita factum est. Beunonus igitur cum Teuyth jiatrocinio suum fixit tugurium in convalle, que Britonum lingua Sechnant appellabatur; ecclesiam parwdam ibidem struxit, in qua missam celebrabat, erudiens divina cotidie pagina virgiuem Wenefredam. Siquidem Teuyth domusque ipsiusque cotidie missarum officia adibant ubi Beunonus celebrationem categorizabat. Ea tempestate accidit quadem die dominica, Teuyth cum uxore ad missam existere audiendam, Wenefredamque in domo ejus genitoris cunctatam fuisse, causa secum ferendi misse necessaria, ignem videlicet et aquam cum sale. In- terea Karadauc, Alauc filius, rogali stirpe ortus, vcnationem 200 VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. ferarum fatigatus, domum appropriavit, potiim querens ni- mirum, erat enim sitiens; ad quam, ubi perveiiit, quo ville possessor erat interrogavit, secretuni enim aliquod habebat, quod sibi denudare gliscebat. Puella igitur iu domo sola existens interrogavit primus ocius occurrit, eumque elegan- ter salutans, ad audiendum Beunoni in missa predicationem parentes suos esse dixit. Caradoco itaque nimphe faciem candore roboreque confectam intuente, ipsamque totam for- ma et vultu idoneam admirante, illius cor in sui concupis- centia cepit diíFusum exardescere. Deprehendensque illam solam in domo absque alterius testimonio, sitim obliviscens pro amoris magnitudine, intulit ei. "O carissima virgo, meis adquiesce consiliis, mecum procorum familiaritatem patrando; te enim yehementer concupisco." Ad hsec virgo, " Domine mi, quale elogium est hoc viri tam ingenui ut tu, ad ancillam tam degenerem uti ego; iterum, Domine, nequa- quam hoc agere queo, desponsata sum enim alteri viro, cui ad presens nubere debeo." Audiens híEc, Caradocus furore repletus, ait, "Dimitte insulsa liec frivola nugatoria loqui, et mecum commisceri consenti ; michi nube, et ego te uxorem ducam". Videns igitur puella viri animum in emulationem commotum, ad industriam se vertens ne viri opprimeretur violentia, ait, " Concede mihi, Domine, vestiarum meum in- trare, ut ornata vestibus decenter tecum possim aptius com- miscere; linquam enim, ut necesse est, ministerium michi injunctum, et juxta vestrum ero arbitrium." Respondit puelle Caradocus, " Si nulla tibi inerit mora, mihi nimium non videbitur te aliquantulum operiri." Ac- cepta igitur licentia, per thalaraum vallem celeribus adivit passibus puella, cupiens quam citius se a viri abesse con- spectibus; Caradocus itaque videns se virginis industria delusum, furore repletus, cum calcaribus fortiter punxit equum, puellam querens comprehendere. Puella vero virum precosserat quousque ad monasterii ostium pervenerat, pacis tutehim a Deo et Beunono assequi desiderans. Cumque suuni infra limen voluit figere pedera vir eam framea antici- pavit, ejus abscidens caput. Quod parentes sui intuentes VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. 201 in extasi aliquamdiu detenti sunt ; et ad se reversi, lacrimis maduerunt miserandis. Beimonus quoque perniciem banc conspiciens mestitiam per maximam irritatus est ; altareque reliuquens ocius ostium adivit, scire volens quis hujuscemodi peregisset cedem. Erectis oculis contemplatus est Karado- cum cruentum adhuc cum gladio in manu saguinolento stantem ; animadvertens istud a Caradoco fieri, eum in eo- dem loco maledixit, statimque in conspectu ejus ille lique- factus est ut ab igne cera. Deinde Beunonus ad cadaver revertens, caput ictu gladii intus projectum, corpori de foris jacenti coaptavit, Deum obnixe interpellans illud vivificare corpus ne gauderet super illo inimicus. Et mox cum prece corpus cum viribus resumpsit animara, cicatrice nisi exili in cervice non apparente ; area vero sanguine ejus infecta cre- puit, torrensque fens ibidem iriguus scaturivit. Cujus lapi- des usque in hodiernum diem, utpote in die prima, san- guinolenti videntur ; mussa etiam ut thus odorat, et diversis languoribus medetur. Beunonusque itaque aspiciens Deum propter eam hu- juscemodi peregisse miraculum, sibi in audientia parentum suorum, inquit, " Soror mi, hunc Deus tibi destinavit locum; meque oportet alias tendere, ubi Deus mihi providerit per Bendmare, mihi autem circa hunc diem unoquoque anno hoc facito, casulam mihi dirige de vestro. opere proprio." " Domine mi," inquit, " hoc tibi impendere meo non extat molestum cordi, sed permaxima mihi videtur difficultas, id qualiter ad te perveuerit, ignoro enim quo habitaveris." Cui sanctus, " De hoc tibi absit sollicitudo, saxum extat in medio fontis rivo, supra quod meas consuevi ruminare preces, superpone huic in constituto termino casulam, et si mihi advenerit, adveniat." Sic ab invicem post bendictionem mutuam disgregati sunt. Beata vero Wenefreda in supra- dicta heremo multis diebus suam peregit vitam, utpote Beunonus sibi consulerat. ' In annis quoque singularibus, in Johannis Baptiste vigilia, casulam hoc modo Beunono transmittebat. Super saxum illam aptabat ; saxum vero ipsam interius et exterius siccam cum fontis fluctibus labans, 202 VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. usque in mare doferebat, et sic per mare ad portam Sacli- len usque ad Beimommi. Ita Beunonus virginis donum omni anno accipiebat. Iluic casule virginis ob meritum tanta virtus inerat; quod ubicumque Beunonus foret banc indutus, nee pluvia humectari nee pilus ejus posset vento moveri : Talis rei eventu, Beunonus casulam Siccus agnomi- natus est. Eo tempore, ut memorant, Romam petiit, visitandi causa sanctorum apostolorum loca, ut ibi in prtesentia reliquiarum sanctorum se totam Deo devote offerret. Quo peracto, ad de- sertum pristinum repedavit. In diebus illis, totius Brittan- nie sancti ad sinodum Wenefredi concionabantur ; ad quam aliis Sanctis, etiam beata Wenefreda ascendit; ibidemque om- nibus ritu sinodali religiose institutis, videlicet, ut sancti qui antea disparati singillatim vivebant, nullam habentes regu- 1am nisi voluntatem ; postea gregatim convenirent in locis ad hoc congruis, et eorum conversationem sub prioribus provectis sibi prefectis emendarent. Unde contigit beatam Wenefredam undecim virginibus esse preelectam, ut vite, et sancte conversationis exemplum ab ea exciperent. Quanta scientie eloqueiitia baîc virgo prefulserit, non est nostre fa- cultatis edicere ; sermones quippe elogii ipsius melle dulci- ores, lacteque niditiores in sensibus audientium reputabantur. Unde et ab omnibus publice Candida Wenefreda prenomi- nata est ; candore enim sophie eloquebatur, et confirmiter degebat. Locus, quidem, quo cum virginibus conversata est, Gurtherin vocatur; quo etiam post vite dorniitionem cum consodalibus virginibus, VIII kalendas Julii sepulta, roquicscit in Cliristo, cui est honor, et gloria in secula secu- lorum. Amen. Explicit Vita Sanctìe Wenfred^, Virginis et Martyris. Incipiunt Miracula ejusdem. Quedam incolis cogni- ta vel visa digna relatu decrevimus, a die, quo manare fons ccpit, ubi martiris sanguis defluxerat; miraculum seculis inauditum, dictu mirabile stupendumque auditu in medio fontis cbuUitu inerat ; lapilli videlicet tres limpidissimi cum fontis scaturigiuc ascendcntes et descendentes more artano- VITA SANCTE WINFREDK 203 rum a jaculatore projectorum de sursum et deorsiim sibi ad invicem obviabant. Sicque multis annis duravit ; tem- pore vero Dacorum in Tekeynglia, sub Britouibus subjuga- torum, femina qua;dam infausta ad fontem descendit, que lapillos sjieculans, sibi preludere eorum avitate accensa, unum arripuit et illico reliquorum utrique evanuit ; deinde domum regressa, instanti morbo correpta est, et infra paucos dies defuncta est. Confessa tunc ante obitum, lapillum reddi- pit, sed quod prius gestum est omnino latuit. Nee mirum fratres quique lapides martiris potentiam suo approbant testi- raonio, cum legimus sanctos patres illis in testimonium lapi- des tulisse. Contigit etiam aliquando quod vir furto increpatus super fontem, qui sacraria ecclesi* martiris perjurium perpetuit ; sed qualiter beata virgo presumptoribus illicite assentit tem- pestive innotuit. Caper enim jam esa in ventre furis orri- clum balatum protulit, et sic ilium reum esse patuit, " O res satis borenda quod rationali animali cum testamento denega- tum est, hoc a bruto, et quod magis est insolitum jam com- mesto reseratum. Nee ambigandum est quin Dominus propter sanctos mirabilia faciat, cum ipse in Sanctis suis omnino est mirabilis. Diebus quinetiam Francorum in ea- dem terra ultio digna a Deo facta est per eandem martirem. Matrona namque quedam emulationis zelo ducta adversus ancillam, earn verberibus acerbis discerpebat, et furiose illam ad virginis ecclesiam fugientem tutele causa verbe- rando instabat. Miscella vero ad templum veniens ingredi temptans, ostium reperit firmiter pessumdatum, et aiitea infra basilicam tutelam sperans turn ignorat quid agat, osti- um tamen adliesit, sed materia ejus dilacerationi minime pe- percit. Prospiciens profecto martyr Domini vim sibi illatam est, condolens pudori suo, et misere compatiens, extemplo a Domino impertivit vindictam. Captiva igitur diu laniata sub pedibus prostrata, tandem ut Deus voluit, surrexit et domine sue sibi incumbentis maxille caput suum impulit ; quo impulsu gena a compage disjuncta, gulaque retorta ad aurem alteram; sic usque ad obitum deformis permansit. 204 VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. Dignum nempe fait ut qui a flagris ante suam suffocation- em cessare noluit, usque ad corporis et anime disgregation- em, a corripiendo cam non desisteretur. Sic sit qui non verentur Dei et sanctorum tabernacula, iuiplentur facies corum ignominia. Item diverso temporis intervallo, pacis jure ubique per patriam violato, Francis atque Gualensibus se ad invicem oppugnantibus, predones innumeri de Venedocia totam Tekeyngiam depopulantes, octo sacrileges ad depredandum etiam virginis Wenefrede habitaculum cum Axilla direxerunt. Qui accelerantes, etiam jumenta templi parieti alligata secum diripuerunt ; sed diu inde non gratulati sunt, euim vero morte borribili infra breve spatium inficiati sunt. Sed et principes iniquitatis, qui illud indiderunt, priusquam annus circumvolutus fuit, nece nefaria affecti sunt. Quid dicam vobis, "Vixunus de tanta multitudine evasit, qui vel eoruni comitatus tantum tenuit; et quum zelus domus Domini comedit eum, dejecti sunt dum allevarentur." Iliis iterum diebus quidam ejusdem ecclesie diaconus, cum sacris signis in collo suspensis protectionis occasione, de vico quodam parochiae suae decimam in equis domum as- portans; ac usque infra metas fundi martyris perveniens, casu incidit latrones, qui nullam martyri vel ejus sacris re- verentiam deferentes eum spoliaverunt, et cum exuviis eum ut pro Deo, vel pro martyre sua sui propitiarentur im- plorantem secum ire compulerunt. Verumptamen sibi longius abducto, ex nutu Dei et martiris, menti incidit, ut fugam iuiret. Inita autem ab ipso latronum duce pedeten- tim investigatus; deuique vero eodem querente ilium ap- prehcndere ruina perpeditus est, et in crure lancea propria perfossus, nervos amisit fcmoris dum cedere nescit. Et sic uno castigate in corpore, reliqui omnes correpti sunt mente, et diaconus Deo et martyri pro impensa sibi liberatione grates persolvens, cum rebus domum salvus reversus. Quam- quidem immittit angelum Dominus in circuitu timentium eum, et eripiet eos. Quibus autem non est timor Domini et sanctorum ante oculos eorum invenitur, iniquitas eorum sibi ad odium, et in verticcm ipsorum descendct. VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. 205 Ea nichilominus tempestate, miles quidam Francus ejus- tlem fundi possessor, super rivum fontis molendinum dime- ciens, aqua stagnare cepit. Cernens autem miles aquam ad saxum Beunoni erumpere, quod forte suberat, stagno in medio rivo ; precepit ut in stagno poneretur, sed quanquam centum juga boum admoverentur a loco sane non resurge- ret ; tam enim immobilis extitit, ac si fixis radicibus evelli nesciret ; postremo vero miles operarios suos id ficte agere opinans, eos iterum atque iterum compellit; ac putans se solummodo pede posse lapidem evolvere, ira animi perraotus, saxum pede impegit. Sed statim reflexis nervis in poplite et obduratis, dum vixit claudus eiFectus est. Eodem quoniam temporis decursu uxor ejusdem militis ausu temerario ipsam fontis crepidinem ingressa, quod propria infirmorum est, ibi illicite sebalneavit; ast id impune sibi non fuit; sterilis enim usque ad finem vite permansit, unde pre omnibus doluit. Equum quijjpe fuit ut qui in hereditatem martiris venientes, ejus sanctuarum illicite polluerunt, omnibus postmodum in eorum circuitu forent illusio et derisum sub sanationem et ob- probrium. Talibus et his mirabilioribus infinitis miraculis contra pravos virgo Domini claruit. Que omnia si literali memorie traderentur, tempus deficeret citius quam copia fandi. Hec vero ad castigationem scelestorum ne aliquod nefas in jure virginis facere oblectent, ista sufficiant ; quia alias ad sulcandum aratrum nostrum est et provehendum, scilicet ad virginis beneficia erga egros revelanda. Tempore quoque Francorum, in eadem regione quidam dives eger multam pecuniam habens, sed non semetipsum, audiens famam virginis, devectus vehiculo illuc quantocius tetendit ; qui ad memoriam beate virginis perveniens, facul- tate sua tota ecclesie et egenis erogata, seipsum pauperem reddit, nicliil amplius in mundi deliciis oblectans, sed in Domino confidens. Deinde se tertio in fontis unda loto, et tertie noctis vigilia in ecclesia cum orationibus finita, mi- rum in modum audires, ibi tunc in pedibus, et in cruribus, et in brachiis ingens baratrum, que antea a nativitate turpiter curva, et ad nates contracta,jam ossa sua rectam compagura 206 VITA SANCTE WINFREE. locationem distendebant. Putasne videres illic tunc letam astaiitiuni cohortem, et gratulantem Deo et virgini. Videres utique, " O quam justa recompensatio qui se peculiali sub- stantia destituerat corpoi'is proprii, substantiam sensibus iu- tegram viribusque idem recepit, quod dilexerat distribuit, quod semper aftectarat invenit. Et sic qui usu pedum car- ens vehiculo venerat, pedibus utens plane et perfecte inco- lurais recessit. Vir quidam pro delictis penitentia ductus, ferreis ligami- nibus per multos annos circumclusus, brachiis ferri rubigine miserabiliter corrosis, ad idem sanctuarium devenit ; perao taque ibidem nocte, cum vigiliis et orationibus, diliculo ad fontem perexit. Eo pon-o manus lavante, atque brachia protensius infra fontem extendente, vise sunt sibi due ma- nus delicate a lacertis suis vincula dissolvere. Quis, fratres, turn ibi virginem prEesentem dubitat ; vir profecto ab ecclesia ad fontem exiens ligatus, a fonte vero ad ecclesiam rediens dissolutus gratulando Deo et martyri sue; jiro sigiio eadem vincula ibidem suspendit que multis annorum lustris illic pendere visa sut. Perpendite viri, perpendite mulieres, quam venerabiliter, et quam reverende hec virgo Domini, et martyr omnibus est excolenda, que tarn patenter ad se clamantibus subvenit. Nee est omittendum quod circa limphaticum ad se venientem ad manus vix tractum agerit; quamquidem transactis vigiliis, et ablutionibus in fontis fluc- tibus, ita ilium ab liumore superfluo allevavit, quod nicliil nisi ad humane nature competit temperamentum remansit. Epilencius equidem nihilominus manum martyris sensit ; ductus namque ex more ad basilicam, ibi noctem vigilando et orando ])ercgit; mirabiliter ei contigit passio, namque bis eum invasit, sed in utraque vice nil prevaluit ; in crepus- culo etenim sibi epilentiam adesse sensit, atque in templum festinanter cucurrit ; invocato vero nomine Domini et mar- tyris a presbiteris super eum, confestim malum quod iuclioa- vorat eum dcreliquit; alia die diliculo morbo in eum grassan- te, 111 fontem projectus est, et de reliquo nunquam eum ag- gressus est. Similiter duo pueri fratres, eadam iniirmitatc VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. 207 eos invadente in fonte projecti omnino sanati sunt. Sed et alii hujusmodi multi et innumerabiles asserunt namque vir- ginem banc egritudinem virtute meritorum suorum maxime delere quamvis et alias abstergat. Calamitosior enim nulla est quam hec que sensum perdit, cor corrodit, animam pene evomit, cerebrum discutit, linguam comedit, spumat, stridet, membra aduncat, se totam discerpit, et quia sic est, maxime ad banc curandum intendit. Mulier etiam quedam puerum quendam, filium suum mutum a nativitate, ad memoriam beate martiris secum at- tulit. Que celebratis rite solemniis vigiliarum, vi eum fonte perfudit, et aquam mos misit, filium suum verba recta pro- men tern, et vestes rogantem audivit. Quo viso, astantes Deum et martirem glorificantes mirantur, et matri congra- tulantur. Alia quoque vice venientes quidam consociati juvenes contracti una, in fontem descenderunt, sed uni tantum, quia firmus confisus est, salus atributa est; hoc quidem descenso, membris suis se distentibus, strepitus tam horribilis ab eo editus est, ut juxta vel procul positorum hunc audiencium aures tinnirent. Virtus enim Domini cum a se precibus sanctorum exiit nequaquam latere novit. Quidam preterea puer membra sua sibi deputans, inania quia erant, ob mortua virginis largitudinem molitam statim adeptus est, ipsa namque precibus nuturalem ei membro- nim omnium redintegravit statum. Quidam insuper ce- cus natus, in tabernaculo martyris ritu celebrato, ad fon- tem abut, et lavit, et vidit, et gi-atias egit. Pueri necnon duo, calculo laborantes, virginem petentes digestionem na- tm-alem consecuti sunt ; quorum alter privatus ibidem egri- tudinem, continue debilitatus est muse prophecie caris- mate. Ad modum horum plerique vermibus usque in medul- las corrosi opem virginis cognovere, enimvero extinctis ver- miculis sani repatriavere. Nonnulli mentis inopes immun- dis spiritibus vexati, dentibus dissecantes quoque vana pro- fantes, in vinculis vix adducti, domum inde remeavere ple- naria seipsos regentes ratione. Frequenter quoque febrici- 208 VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. tantes ad ejus gratuitatem pietatem excubantes, sacri fontia foniento a febribus cujuscumque generis emit; multociens- que bee virgo beuigissima ydropicos contemperat, paraliticos reformat, podagricos reparat, melaiicolicos curat. Nee minus sciasim removet, cancrum eradicat, dilnoim enervat, emorroim extirpat ; quinetiam tussim obstinatum excludit, ventris tortiones et fluxiones repellit, menstrua obstrusa sterlitatis dissolvit, sanguinem superfluum, et immoderatum obstmit. Quid enumerando pauca cuncta explicare tempto; tot et tanta sunt -virginis beneficia, quod eorum infinitas nu- mero explicare repudiat. Sed ut breviter cunta perstrin- gam, omnibus languidis, morbidis, egris qualicumque infir- mitate detentis, martyris hujus suifragium erga Deum pura fide poscentibus, pie et benigissime, atque omni dilatione procul remota, extimplo subvenit, atque eos sensibus ac viribus utriusque hominis ad plenum investit. Nee letbee oblivionis silentio recondendum est quod post expulsionem Francorum a tota Venedotia, de fonte ejusdem virginis constat factum. Fons siquidem martyris trium di- erum spacio, lacteo liquore emanare visus est; verum primo illorum dierum diliculo, colorem lactis verum et saporem servat. Sacerdos namque a matutinis in ecclesia martyris ejusdem, ipsi fontis pavimenti cominus, rite celebrantis, sum- mo mane egrediens, et tale quid comperiens, portando secum lagenam accurrit velociter, et impletam accurate custodivit ac diligenter. Denuo accelerans cum spongia ut banc etiam impleret, liquor jam nitorem aliquantulum diminuerat. Sic per tres dies paulatim lac veri coloris cum sapore detrimen- tum paciens, habitum priorem obtinuit. Et ne quis existi- met ventorum turbine, aut pluviamm intemperie boo acci- disse, sciat uon breve tempus ante, et post, etiam tunc absque ulla elementomm commotione fuisse. Et nullatenus inde debet oriri hesitatio vel dubium, quia et boo sepius venisse ab indigenis est auditum. Liquore quidem a pres- bitero recepto infirmis ubique transmisso et potato, opem quam virgo agere consuevit etiam hos sanando illis prestitit. Et bene fons illiiis lacteus atque dulcis saporis apparuit; quo VITA SANCTE WINFREDE. 209 Candida Wenefrida prenominata blandam, lenem, maiisu- etam, mellitam, piam, benignam, propiciam, dulcem, miseri- cordem interpellantibus se ostendit. Vilipendendum nullo modo est quod adhuc per banc viv- ginem circa puellulam actum est. Vesperacente quadam die, homo cadaver puelle exanime secura ad martyris umbracu- lum bajulavit, ut sepeliretur. Videns autem sacerdos noc- tem supervenire, humationem illius usque in mane distulit ; corpus frigore letali rigidum sudario obvolutum, institis ob- situm relinquens infra ecclesiam valvasque firmiter obser- ans, Intrans vero presbiter ecelsiam summo diliculo ad cele- brandas vigilias ex more, puellam jam juventem ab institis et sudario penitus dissolutam, clunibus et palmis pro debili- tate adlmc super aream, repente omni mortis signo carentem, et se hospicium et cibum rogantem invenit ; et gratanter Deo et martyri gratia reddidit. Quid mirum si exanimes ad vitam prece sua revocat, qui defuncta denuo revixerat. Memorie est revocandum quod ad sceleratorum correptio- nem supra omisimus. Duo profecto clerici in diversis temporbus infi-a virginis mapalia sacrilegium perpetraverunt; quorum alter manua- lem librum auferens statim cum furto deprebensus est; et quia dignus est operarius mercede sua, verberibus multatus est. Reliquus vero missalem codicem furans, omnibusque ubique pro precio offerens, neminem reperit qui secum mu- tuaret. Denique quidem nutu Dei retroveniens, et sacrile- gium ulterius abscondere non pervalens, quia promeruit suspensus fuit. Qui facit mirabilia solus liec miracula prop- ter virginem et martyrem suam Wenefredam, vel ad reme- dium indulgentium, vel ad castigationem impiorum non cessat operari Deus, qui in Trinitate perfecta vivit et regnat unus per omnia secula seculorum. Amen. Explicit passio Sancte Wenefrede virginis et martiris, VIII. Kal. Julii. APPENDIX. I. liirlièìi Cntritt lantps." BUCHED SEINT Y KATRIN. ^rgltDpìlí, gwarandewch, a dyellwch yr hyn adywedaf '^*^ ywch, o'r wyry vendigeit, a elwir Seint y Katrin. Merch oed hi y vrenhin Constantinobyl, yr hwn a elwit yn Lladyii Alexander. Yr bonn a dechreuawd o'e liyeuengtit wassanaethu Duw. Ny dywawt kelwyd eiryoet, ac nyd oed oet arnei, uamyn deunaw mlwyd, pan vfudhaawd ygwas- sanaeth Duw, ac morwyndawt y Duw. Yn Alexandria yd oed vrenhin a gassai Duw a'r Seint yn vawr; Maxen y gelwit, ac agafas emelltith Duw ar Crist- nogyon. Ac ef awnaeth gwled uawr, ac aorchymynnawd y bawp o'e wlat dyuot yno y aberthu o'e dwyweu ef, ac neb ny delhei attaw y dodit ygkarchar. Y rei kyuoethawc adoethant yno, ac anregyon mawr gantunt, a'r rei tlawt a hanregassant ef herwyd eu gallu. Yn y wlat honno yd oed vorwyn wyry, a elwit Katrin; ac ny deuei hi y wassanaethu ef, nac y wneuthur aberth y eu dwyweu ; ac ynteu a erchis heb o hir dwyn y vorwyn attaw ef, ac wynteu ae dygassant hi, a'r gwr drwc hwnnw adechreuawd dy wedut wrthi. " Ha 1 Allan ysgrif yn y Llyfrfa Brydeinaidd, a nodir Titus, D. XXIT. 212 BUCHEDD CATKIN SANTES. vorwyii dec," heb ef, "y bwy y credy di, mi aorchymynnaf ytti gredu ym duw i, ac ony chredy, megys y crettwyf inneu yn y ffyd a dylyaf y Apolin, a Tlieruagawnt uchel, mi abaraf dy diuetba beb obir, atb grogi mal lleidyr, neu dydodi ygkarcbar kadarn byt na welych nath draet, nath dwylaw, OS y lessu y credy di." "Mi agredaf," beb y Katrin, "y vab Meir, yr bwn arodes eiieit a bywyt a synn\\7r a nertb a grjm y mi; y bvvnnw y credafi, ac ef a enrydedaf, ac yndaw puae vyggobeitb; vygcorf a elly di ylad; mi agredaf bageii o'm callon yn yr Arghvyd a dicbawu Had yi- eneit a'r corf." A JNIaxeu alidy- awd yn vawr pan dywawt hi o Duw, ac yna y gelwis ef rei o'e wasnaethwyr, ac ercbi udunt dodi Katrin ygkarcbar, a'r vorwya a garcbarwyt; ac eissoes Duw arodes trugared idi, arodi ryw oleuni yn y yttoed yr eol oil ja oleu ; yr egylyon adoetbant ywaeret, a ryw lawenyd awnaetbant yr vorwyn, byt nat oed vn dyn yn y byt a allei y dywedut, na cballon y vedylyaw, nac ysgolbeic y ysgriuennu. "Morwyn Duw, nac ofynba di namyn cret yn gadarn, y mae dy le wedy y arlwyaw rac bron Duw, ac yno ydodir coron am dy ben di." JNIaxen a elwis y wyr attaw, ac a ovynnawd kygbor udunt, pa delw y gallei ef troi medwl y vorwyn y wrtb Duw, a gwassanaetbu Apolin y duw ef. Ygygborwyr aercbis idaw anuon yndiannot yn ol yi- athrawon goreu o'e wlat, o di- lecbtit ac astronomi, megys y goruot ar y vorwjTi. Yr atbrawon adoetbant byt yno, a JNIaxen a dywawt wrtbunt val yd oed y vorwyn íFol, a elwit Katrin, ni cbredei o'e duw ef; "Or gelhvcb cbwi y goruot hi, mi arodaf ywcb digawn eur ac aryant." Yr athro kyntaf adoeth yno, adywawt wrtb y vorwyn heb obir. "Tidi," beb ef, "adyly decbreu, kanys otb achaws di, ydoetbam ni yman, ac y kawssam ni lavr mawr, ac o achaws hjTiny y dylyy di dangos dy synhwy- reu, ac o dyna gofyn yn synhwyr ninbeu." Y vorwyn ady- wawt dan owenu, " Yn wir ydy wedafi ytti. bychan yelotuo- rafi cbwi, kannyt atwaonawcb cbwi vy Duw i, achanys dylyafi dywedut obanaw ef, gwrthodwch chwi awch keluydyt yrdaw ef." BUCHEDD CATRIN SANTES. 213 Yna y dywawt yr athro, "Mercli ydec," heb ef, "ybwy ycredy di, paham y gwrthody di yn dwyeu ni, atteb ym heb ohir." " Mi agredaf," heb hi, " y vn mab Meir, a anet o'r AVyiy Ian heb pechawt, a heb folineb, ac heb gymysc yiidaw o drwc, ac a odefawd agheu kadani dros yn pechawt ni; athrwydaw ef yn rydhawyt ni o boeneu uiFern. ac ydeuwn y'r llewenyd brenhinawl, yi" hwn ny dernyd vyth." Yna y dywawt yr athro. "Yn awr y clywafi folineb; heb ef, "kymryt o lessu knawt heb] pechawt, a heb folineb; yn erbyn dylyet yw hynny, bot mab jr wyry, ny allei hynny vot vyth, a gallu kaiFel h}ainy heb pechawt," "Kelwyd adywedy," heb y vorwyn, "achanys o vab y dywedy di, bychan iawn yw dysynhwyi-, lessu adoeth o'r Yspryt Glan, ny wnaeth Duw anedigaeth, o Veir y ganet ef. lessu adoeth trwy Yspryt Glan attei hi, megys y mae ysgTÌuene- dic yny gret, ahwnnw yssyd hollalluawc, ac ny oes dim aallo vot yny erbyn ef, Paham weithyon na alien ef y eni o'r Wyry, atteb ym bellach," heb hi, " athro kehvydawc." Hwnnw a attebawd trwy lit mawi-, ac o vreid y gallei ef dywedut rac Hit. ac yna ydywawt ef. " Mi a brofaf," heb ef, " nat oes wirioned yth atteb di. ot yttiw megys y dywedy di, Duw yssyd dyn, a Duw yssyd vab, pa delw y gallei vab Duw varw, na godef agheu marwawl, ny dichawn ef marw gan iawn kanyt oes agheu yn y anyan ef ; os marw vyd d}Ti ny dichami ef godef agheu megys Duw, na dyuot yn vyw gwedy bei varw. Pa delw y dichawn dyn goruot agheu. OS Duw ynteu a vu varw, cam oed hynny," heb ef. " ac yn erhjn anyan yd wyt yn dywedut, ac yn erbyn dylyet Duw neu dyn ydichawn ef varw. Areit yw yvot ef ae yn duw ae yn dyn. kanny dichawn ef vot namyn yn vn o honunt." Pan deruynawd ef y jTnadrawd. hitheu a attebawd mal morwyn doeth. '' Yn erbyn ywirioned y mae dy ymadrawd di," heb hi, " wrth na mynny gredu, ny chredu di vot yu wir adywedaf i bot lessu yn Duw ac yn dyn; or mynny di wybot y wirioned, gwaret ysyberwyt yssyd yth gallon, kan- nyt oes wirioned ygyt athi, dyret ti yn disgybl y mi," heb y Katrin, " a mi a Ijaraf ytt wybot y wirioned." Yna y dy- 214 BUCHEDD CATKIN SANTES. wawt yr athro, " Mi a gi-edaf," heb ef, "yr Yspryd Glan, ac 3T Mab, ac y Duw hollgyiioethawc, ac awrthodaf Vaxen (h'uau." Yr athrawou ereill a gredassant megys hynny. A Maxell heb obir a beris llosgi yrathrawon; eissoes Duw a dangosses y dmgared ef, iiy medawd dim or tan arnunt wy, nac ar eu dillat; yr egylyon adoethant yno, ac adugas- saiit yr eneideu hynny geir bron Duw. Ac yno y dodet co- ron am ben pob vn o honunt. Ac yna dywawt Alaxen wrth Gatrin. "Ha vorwyn dec," heb ef "cret ti etto ym kyv- reith i, a mi ath gymeraf yn ivreic ym, amyvi avyd brenhin, athitheu yn vrenhines, a mi abaraf wneuthur delw yn y dref a ehvir Alexandria, o eur oil, yn gyíFelyb y duw, aphwy- bynnac a el y íFord yno, wynt a uvydhaant itti. ac val hynny yth enrydedir." Yna yd attebawd y vendigeit Gatrin, " Yd ■wyt yn ynuydu," heb hi, "yr Arghvyd a garaf i, ac ny pheidyaf ay garyat ef yr dim byda-wl; gorwac oil yw dy ymadrawd di, ymadaw o honaf i. a'm Harglwyd, yr Invn yssyd gryawdyr nef a daear. y gwr drwc ysgymyn, teil wg ocdwn ym llusgaw wrth vygcrogi." Ac yna y llydyaAvd Maxen ja vawr, ac y gelwis y wasanaethwjT attaw, ady- wedut wrthynt," Kymerwch yr ynvyt lion, a rwymwch hi wrth bren, a maedwch hi a gwial, yny debyckoch y marw." A'r gwjT drwc hynny ae maedassant hi, yny reddawd y gwaet allan ym pob lie ar y chorf, mal y redei y dwfyr y gaeaf ; ac yn y yttoed y chnawt gwyn hi yn velyn, megys y violet. A Maxen a dywaM't yna wrth Gatrin. "Gwrthot heb ohir Vab Meir, ac onys gwrthody, ti agolly dy vy wyt." Yna y dywawt morwyn Duw, " A druan yuA'y t y dy wedy di, vym poen i, am dolur yd Avyf yn eu diodef yr karyat Duw; yn- wir y dywedaf ytti. mellj'ssach yw gennyf wynt no'r mel, ar llefrith melyssaf," " K}Tiierwch hi," heb y Maxen, " a dodwch y mywu carchar kadarn, hyt na chaffo hi na bwyt na diawt." Ygcarchar a dodet hi, ac eissoes lessu, Mab Meir, ny adawd y wasanaeth uorwyn heb gof, ef a anuones y ogylyon attei, y rei a rodassant y ryw lewenyd, hyt nat ocd vn dyn yny byt a allei dywedut y lly\ienyd hwnnw, a'r BUCHEDD CATRIN SANTES. 215 digrifwcli, ua challon y veclylyaw, nac ysgollieic y ysgri- uennu meint y llewenyd hwnnw, a'r digrifwcli, a wnei yr egylyon y Gatrin; a'r llewenyd hwnnw aglywei BorfRr; ac ynteu aaetli at y frenhines, ac adywawt idi y llewenyd a glywei ef yn yr eol; ac yna yd aethant yll deu yndirgel trwy obeith da yn Duw. ac ny wydyat Maxen urenhin dim 06 mynetyat wy. Yn y geol y gwelynt wy oleuat, hyt nat oed hawd yd dyn yny byt oil dywedut ydecuet ran y ker- deu, a'r didanwch, a'r llewenyd, a oed yno; ac yna y gal- wassant hwy ar Gatrin, morwyn Duw, ac y dywedassant." Neur droes yn calonneu ni oil att lessu Grist, mab Meir, ac ygkardawt gwedia drossoni, a ni a ymwrthodwn a Yol- kyn, a Tliernagawnt, ac Apolin, ac agredwn y diodeifyeint Duw, a'e gyuodedigaeth." Ac yna ydywawt y vorwyn, " Y lessu Grist, Duw trugarawc, creawdyr pob petb, y diolcbafi hynny, merthyri vydwch chwy yr y garyat ef, ac nac ofyn- hewch dim." Ac at Vaxen yd aethant drachefyn, Maxen, y gwr drwc hwnnw, aberis dwyn Kattrin rac y vron ef, ac aberis y phoeni o lawer amryw boeneu. " Maxen," heb y vrenhines, " Cam niawi- ydwyd yny wneuthur a Chatrin yr credu o honei y Duw, ac yr lessu yr hwn awnaeth pob peth, Tad, a IMab a boll gyuoethawc yw ef, a truau a Vaxen cam ydwyt yny wneuthur, yn enryded yr Tad mawr a Meir y vam. ac y Duw hollgyuoethawc yd ymrodafi. A Maxen druan awi-thodaf a Theruagawnt ac Apolin. Nyt oes arnafi ovyn dy boeneu di." Ac yna y dechreuawd Maxen ynuydu, a galw ygwasa- naethwyr attaw, ac yd erchis udunt kymryt y vrenhines, ae maedu a gwial breisc yny vei varw, "A gwedy hynny crog- wch hi," heb ef, " lierwyd y gwallt, athorrwch y bronneu ymeith, aphan vo marw na chledwch hi, namyn rydhewch y chortf yr kwn." Pan gigleu Porffir hynny, y dywawt, yn- teu, " Maxen, gi taeawc truan wyt ti. achyflawn wyt or di- euyl, dy wreic abereist y liageu. Pa ham druan na leuessit cladu ychorff hi, teilwng oedut ti yth lusgaw." Yna y dy- wawt Maxen Avrth y wyr. " Kymerwch Borffir heb ohir, a dygwch y eneit y gantaw ac aelodeu." A Phoi-lRr a gyuodes 216 JiUCHEDD CATRIN SANTES. y ar y veingk, ac agymerth yscol yn y law, a phedeir mil a ladawd o wyr INIaxen rac y M-on. a'r g)ineint arall a vi-atli- awd, a ]\íaxen yn edrych. Ac yna yd ofyiiliaawd IN'Iaxen ac y cr}Tiawd rac ofyn o debygii y lledit ynteu yn y diwed. A Chatrin pan Avelcs hynny, adywawt wrüi Borffir. " Peit a Had, a choíîa diodeifyeint Duw jti Harghvyd iii lessu Grist, mor wyd y godefawd ef, heb ymlad, heb ymgeinyaw. Os y'r DuAV yinymiy di dy varw, a bot yn vertliir yr Duw. ny dylyy jTnlad, uamyn uxydhau y agheu." Yna ydywawt Por- íir, " Ydwyfi ar y cam morwyn Dum% gwedia drossofi ar lessu, ac y titlieu yd ymrodafi, Arglwyd liollgyuoethawc, a JSIa- xen dman awrthodaf," a'r ysgol yna a v\vryawd ef oe law, yiiy dorres yn drylleu oil. ]Maxen yna a orch}in_yiinaAvd llusgaw Porífir a'r venhines, a Had eii penncu. A'r egylyoii aduc eneideu y rei bendigeit lipmy rac bron lessu Grist, val yd aethant o'e kyrf. "Dywet," heb y Maxen wrth Ga- trin. "Gwrthot ti vab Meir, ac ny cheíFy vn drwc ar dy gorf, cret jm duyweu i, ac ymi, a mi a vadeuaf ytt bop peth." "Mi agredaf y Duw hollgyuoethawc," beb hi. "yr Arglwyd a wnaeth pob peth, ac or myiiny ditheu gi-edi ual hynny, jna, ybydy di vygkaryat i, ac yd ymrodwn y wassa- naethu an creawdyr." Maxen aweles yna na mynnei hi dim oe ewyllys ef, namyn credii a-\vnai hi y lessu mab Meir. y Harglwyd hi. Yg kallon JMaxen ydoed diruawr doliir a Hit A\Tth y A'orwjia wyry; yno yd oed gwr a el wit Cursates, }T hwn a gafas emelltith Duw. "Arglwyd vi-enhin," heb y twyllwr hwnnw, "mi a baraf ytt beiryant heb ohir, ae hofyn- hao hi yn vawr." Ac yna y gwnaeth ef pedeir rot, a phob mi o honunt yn troi yn erbyn ygilyd, a danned o dur vdimt; ac ar y rei hynny y dodet y vorwyn Katrin ; aedrychawd parth y nef ; ac awcdiawd ar Duw val hyn. " Y brenhin uchaf, mi a adolygaf yth trugared y'm hcneit, ac jr awr hon yd wyf ym hagou, ai ym gwaet }Tn bedydyir i." Y dymiyou truein drwc adroassant y rodeu yn ebrwyd, eissyoes lessu vab Meir ny adawd ef heb gof y vorwyn ; y egylyon ef a anuones attei, ac adoii-assant y rodcii, ac cu dryllyeu llymyon wy o'r truein 1 BUCHEDD CATRIN SANTES. 217 agcredadun, aladassant deg mil a deugeint, a llawer oc aweles y gwyi-theu hynny, agredassant yr Arglwyd Duw; athrwy Vaxeii y lias y rei agTedawd oil, ac eu heneideu a aetliant y baradwys. A Maxell vrenliiu alidyawd am lad y wyr, ac a vedyly- awd, pa delvv y gallei ef Had y vorwyii; ac yiia ydywawt ef wrth vorwyn Duw ymadrawd geu. " Medylya di, vorwyn de?, etto acliret ym dwyweu i ac acliaws dy decket, ti agefFy dy eneit." Ac yna attebawd morwyii Duw, "Ni thai dim dy ymadrawd di," heb hi, "nyt oes arnafi ofyu dim oth boeneu di kauys o lewenyd tragywydawl yd wyf di- ogel i, yr hwmi ny deruyd vyth." Y truan Vaxen a dywawt yna wrth y wyr, " Arglwydi, beth agyghorwch chwi ymi, pa delw y dielir y hynuydrwyd ar Gatrin, am na chret hi ymdwyweu i." Yna ydywawt ygwyr drwc o vn lief, "Dygweh hi ymaes o'r dref y lad yphenn." Ac yna yducpwyt y vorwyn o'r dref allan. ac yd yspeilwyt, a llawer gwreic aoed yna yn wylaw, ac yn kwynaw am Gatrin, morwyn Dnw; vn truan, o'r dynyon emelltigedic hynny, adynnawd cledyf iljm, ac a erchis idi estynnu eu phen. " Agwedy hynny," heb ef, " ti agolly dy ben tec." " Vym brawt ytec," heb hi, "arho ychydic, vn wedi awnafi ym Harglwyd, creawdyr nef a daear. Tat a Mab ac Yspryt Glan, vn Duw yn ysgriuenedic, y brenhin uchaf, mi a adoly- gaf ytt trugared ym heneit, ac y bop Cristiawn, or agretont ynotti yn gadani. Mi a adolygaf hyt yr dy enw uchel di, Arglwyd. Yneb a gretto yn diodeifyeint i, ac ae koifao diffyc, y rei hynny, rac eu gelynyon, a rodi trugared oe heneidyeu; a'r neb a del att vy corfF i, ac ae keissyo trwy dy enw di, rodi yechyt udunt oe heineu. Y brenhin uchaf yn y Drindawt, dyro ymi waret yr dynyon truein hyn yman yssyd ym poeni; yi- dy drugared di, madeu udunt y folineb hwn, kan ny wdant beth ymaent yny wneuthur ymi, a mineu a'e madeuaf udunt ; ac y thlaw ditheu, Arglwyd, y gorchymynnaf vy hyspryt." Yna ydoeth agel att Gatrin, ac y dywawt wrthi, " Gennyfi yd anuones lessu vab Meir y 218 BUCHEUD CATRIN SANTES. ganiiatau ytti oil yr hyn aerclieist idaw, d^Ted lieb oliir or boen laoii y lywenyd diogel tragywydawl." Yna ydywawt Katriu wrth y gwr truan, " Llad di vyni pen i yr awr hon, kanys vy Arglwyd i a anuones attaf i y erchi ym dyuot y'r llewenyd ny deruyd vyth." A'r gwr di-wc hwnnw a ladawd y phen hi yna, a llaeth jn He gwaet a redawd allan, a'r egylyon a dugassant eneit y vorwyn vendigeit y'r nef, a'e chorfF agladassant ym mynyd Synai. Ar neb a del yno y geissyaw gwaret a iechyt, ac a gret- tont y diodefyeint hi, wynt ae kaffant; a phedeir ff'rwt yssyd yn redec trwy y bed hi oe bronneu o olew. Trwy yrei hynny y kafas llawer o wyr a gwraged waret, ac nyt oes neb dyn awypo eu rif; a hynny amiaeth Duw yrdi hi ; a ninneu adolygwn y Duw, yn iachawd}T ni, trugared y'n heneideu, ac arodho yni .vywyt yny byt hwn yma. megys y gallom dyuot y diwed da, a charu Duw ae wassanaothu, megys y delhom y llewenyd ny deruyd vyth yr caryat Seint y Katrin. Abien. II. 'ìht^àì JMnrgret êmìn! LLYMA Y PROLOG YMBLAYN BUCHED MARGRET. (Á(S CÌOt, ac enryded, a kyfarws, a daler y dyn glew, g^^'edy "^ y Yudugolyaeth, a ennyc; ac a beir y ereiU gwneuthur y kyryw lewder, yr kaiFel y gyfryw enryded, a'r clot, a'r kyfai-vvs hwnnw \vi-tli hynny, gwedy gwelet o'r ebystyl, ac o lawer o dyston kywir, a gwedy pregethu o honynt, wy kymryt o Yab Duw yn hannyau ni ym bru yr arglwyddes Veir. Ac yn yi- anyan tyner werydawt hwnnw, diodef o honaw ef yromni, newyn, a sychet, a llafur, noethi, ac eisseu da ; ac yn y diwed y brataw, ae werthii y bechaduryet, y rei ay rwymawd ef, ac ae fro-w^llawd, ac ae bondistawd, ac a boerassant yn y lygeit ; a thrwy y gam dystiolaeth ae barnassant y agheu, ac ynteu yn wiryon ; a gwedy y gam varnu ef, adiodefawd o gwbyl yu di gwyn, di dryst, y grogi, ae gladu yr goruot ar drigelpi dyn. Sef ynt y rei hyimy, y knawt, ar byt, ar kythrenl ; ac o achaws y vudugolyaeth honno, y kychwynnawd o veirw ; ac y mae molyadwy ef y gan yr holl greadiiryeit, ac y rodes Duw idaw vywyt diboen, diagheu, yn dragwydawl, ac y drychafawd y oruchelder nef; ac y kyfeistawd y Tat Duw ef ar neillaw, yn ogyfuch ac ef yn vrenhin yr holl greaduryeit, ac yn vrawdwr byw a marw. ' Allan ysgrif yn y Llyfrfa Brj-deinaidd, a nodir TlTLS, XXII. 220 BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. Wrth hynny weithyon, megys y dywetpwyd ar y dechreu, gwedy gwelet o'r ebystyl, a chlybot, a chredu or bobyl jm pob kyfeir, diodeifyeint lessu Grist, a'e \aidugolyaetli a'e ogonyant gwedy y viidugolyaeth, yd ysgoelussaud o seiut a santesseu eu bywyt breuawl amserawl yn y byt jma, yr kaifel k)i;wledychu a lessu Grist yn y nef ; ac wrth hynny, trwy agkreiiF mab Duw, yr ymedewis llawer a'r byt ac ae olut presennawL Ac y doethant yn aghenogyon yr Duw; meo'ys y gwnaeth y confessoryeit, ar rei ereill a beidyassant a phob ryw weitbret knawdawl, mal y gwnaeth y gwerydon, ar rei ereill; ny bu digawn ganthuut hpmy yn y diodefas- sant nierthyrolyaeth; ac ji\ y rodassant eu corforoed a'e heneidiau }t Duw. Nyt y gwyr y rei yssyd anyanawl udunt bot yn da eu diodef, ac eu pwyll nanipi gwraged a morjTinyon a'r meibyon bychein yssyd anyanawl udunt gpnryt ovyn, a gadu eu plygu, a goruot arnynt, ac eissyoes drwy rat y Yspryt Glan, wynt a safassant yn dirwgyl diys- gol yn erbyn gelynnyon Crist, ac agynhalyassant y gi-et ef hyt agheu. A chauys un or rei pennaf o'r seint a'r santesseu a dilys- saf yn kynnal gret Grist, ac yn diodef merthjTolyaeth yi- Duw, Yu Vargret santes, megys y mae amlwc y pawb or a vynno edrych, a gwrandaw y moledic vuched hi, agyuhull- awd, ac a ysgiiuennawd Theoturus, gwr llaAni ifyd a doethi- neb Duw, a chyfarwyd yn dyfynder )t ysgruthur Ian, ac val Inn y dechreawd ef datkanu o'e buched hi. Llyma Vuciied y Wynuededic Vargret. Y Wynuededickaf Vargret aoed verch y Dewdos, gwr breinhawl bonhedic yn y kyuamser hwnnw, dyeithyr y vot yn adoli geudwyweu, ac nyt oed idaw ef vn verch, dyeithyr Älargrct ehun; ffydlawn agen oed hi, a chyflawn o' Yspryt Glan. lion janan yn y lie gwedy y geni, a anuonet y dinas, a oed goyr Haw Antioys, mal ar deudec g}Tua march odyno y dyscu. Agwedy marw y mam hi, y mamaeth a'e M BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. 221 magawd yn uanolacli, ac yn diwydach, no chynt; furueid hagen oed hi, a ther iawii, ac yn y gwir Duw y credei, ac ef yn wastat awediei. Aphan yttoed lii yn dengmlwyd, yn ty y mamaeth, lie y carei hi drigyaw, clybot aoruc hi gwroly- aith y seint yn erbyii agcret, ac eu budugolyaeth, a meint adineuit o waet seint a santessew yny kyfamser hwnnw yr karyat Dnw. ac am enw lessu Grist. Hitheu bellach yn llawn o'r Yspryt Glan, a yinrodes o gwbyl y Duw, y gvvr a'e hamdiffynnawd hi, ac a rodes rat idi ygadw y gwyrdawt a'e diweirdeb, megys y rodes y'r holl werydon, achyn bei bonhedic hi a thee a charueid. kyufuet vu hi, ac na wrthwyneuawd kadw deueit y mamaeth gyt a morynnyon ereill. Ac yn yr amser hwnnw, ydanichweinyawd dyuot Oliuer, pennadur o wlat yr Asia, y dinas Antioys, achaws hagen y hynt oed keisyaw methlu Cristionogion, ac eu dwyn y ang- cret, a pheri y bawp y íForth y kerdei o vrenhinyaeth y arali adoli y eu dwyweu ef, a thremygi lessu Grist. Apha le bjTinac y clywei ef vot Cristawn o'r lie, yd archei ef a gy- uyneu heyrn eu rwyniaw. Achyt ac y gweles ef Vargret santes yn kadw deueit y mamaeth, y chwennychu aoruc, a dywedut wrth y w^assanaethwyr, "Ewch ym ar vrys a delwch y vorwyn racko, a gofynnwch idi, a'e ryd, ac os ryd, mi a'e kymeraf yn wreic y mi, a da vyd idi y'm llys, o achaws ythegwch." A gwedy ydalym o'r marchogyon, a anuonassei y penna- dur hwnnw, y dechreuis yn ogonedus Vargret galw ar lessu Grist, a dywedut ual hyn. " Trugarhaa wrthyf Arglwyd, trugarhaa, achyt a dynnyon enwir naat distryw vy eneit, na cholli vy muched gyta gwyr creulawn. Par y mi, Arglwyd lessu Grist, digrifhau ynotti WTth dy voli. Naat Arglwyd udunt barnu vy eneit y boen, ac naat lygru vyng cret, na butrau trwy bechawt vyngcorf, ac naat y enwir dybrydwch, ac anoethineb kythreul. Symut y synnwyi- a'r gret arodeist ti y mi, namyn anuon agel attaf yni llywyaw, ac ym dyscu y atteb yn divwgyl obeithlawn, kanys mal y gwelir y mi, ydwyf megys dauat ymplith bleideu; tebyc wyf y ysper 222 BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. wan, neu ycliedyd rwng crauageu hebawc, megys britliill wyfi gwedy dygwydei my^vii rvvyt. Kanhorthwya vi Ar- glwyd; gwaret amafi Arglwyd, ac iiac adaw vi yii dwylaw pechaduryeit." Ac ual y kigleu y marchogyon, a anuonassit att Vargret, y doethiiieb hi, ae geireu, ymchoelut awnaethant at eu Har- glwyd, a dywedut wrthaw, " Nyt oes ar y vorwn a welsam ni ovyn dy allii di, ac ny wassanaetlia hi, ac nyt udfudhaa yth dwyweu di, namyn Duw hollgpioethawc a adola, a lessu Grist abregetha, y g\vr a groges yr Idewon." Aphan gigleu Oliver y geireu hynny, lliw y deuiiid asyniudawd, ac yna yd erchis ef y d\v}'n hi rac y vron ef. A gwedy ydyiiot, ef adywawt wi-thi. " O pa genedyl ganwyt ti, a dywet y'm, a wyt ryd a bonhedic." Margi-et a wrthebawd idaw, " Ryd wyfi, a christonoges wyf." Yr ucheluaer adywawt, " Pwy dy enw di ?" Hitheu adywawt, " Margret yin gelwir i," Ynteu yna adywawt, " Pa gret yssyd gennyt ti ?" Margret adywawt, "Mi a gi-edaf yn Duw holIgjTioethawc, ac yn lessu Grist, y Vab ef, a'n Harglwyd ni, y gwr agedwis vu- gywyrdawt i hyt hyn, a minheu yn diuagyl dihalawc." Oliver adywawt, " Os gwir hynny, trist a wedi y di, ac arnaw y gelwy wrth dy reit y gwi- a groges }t Idewon." Margi-et a wrthebawd, "Dy rieni di agi-ogassant lessu Grist, ac wrth hynny neur der ynt wy, efo hagen a bery yn dragy- wydawl, ac ny byd teruyn na diwed ar y vrenhinyaeth ef." Ac yna y sorres y brawdwr, ac yd erchis h^vrw y wynuydedic Vargret y garchar, hyt tra nei ef yn keissaw ystryw a dychymyc, pa wed y gallei ef goruot ar y barncdit hi am ychret a'e gwyi-dawt. Ac wrth hynny, yd aetli ef odyno y dinas Antioys, a oed geir Haw, y adoli y eu dwyweu ef, deillon a mutyon, ac y geissyaw nerth y ganthunt wy y li}aniy. Ac p^ pen yr eil- dyd yd eistedawd ef megys brawdwr, yn y He y bydei y varn, ac yd erchis dwyn y wynuydedic Vargret rac y vron ef. A gwedy y djniot, ef adywawt wrthi, " Trugarhaa vor- wjTi wrth dy gorff, ath degwch, ath dyner ieuengtit, gwran- daw di vygkygor i, ac adola vyn dwywou i, a mi a rodaf ytti BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. 223 gyuoetli, ac enryfled mwy noc y neb o'm lioll dylwytli." Mai- gret santes awrthebawd, "Duw a wyr," helj hi, "y neb agroesses vyggwyi-dawt i, hyt na essy di vyntrossi i, nam kyffroi y ar iford y wirioned ; yr hon a dechreueis ychadw, a'e chjTinal, ac a ymdeeis liyt hyn, kanys liwnnw a adolaii, yneb y kyfFry ydaear racdaw. ac y cryn y mor, ac y byd oftiaw'c y gwynnoed. Ac yna y dywawt y brawdwr, " Onyt adoly di vyn dwy- weu i vygcledyf adrywana, ac a veistrola dy gnawt ath esg}Tn, a baraf eu llosgi, ac os gwrandawy di vygkygnr i a chredu, ac adoli vyn dwyweu i, mi a vydwyn vn eneit, ac vn garyat." Margret yna adywawt. "Neur deryw y mi rodi vyggwyrdawt y arall. megys y kaifvvyf gorffowys gyt a'r gwerydon glan. Crist a rodes y eneit a'e gorif hyt agbeu drossom ni. A minneu arodaf vy eneit a'm corif yrdaw yn- teu; nyt oes arnafi ovyn dy agheu di, kanys Crist a'm croesses i ac arwyd y Ian groc ef " Ac yna yd erchis Oliver \Tawdwr o'e geisseit ef. y gwyr a notteynt holi y Cristono- gyon, a dilyt arnunt, pa wed y credynt, y drychafel hi yn yr awyr, a'e maedu a gwial meindost. Y wynuydedic Vargret hagen aedrychavvd tu ar nef, a dywedut val hyn. " Ynot ti, v'Arghvyd i, ymae vyggobeith i. naat wynt ymgwaradwy- daw, naat ym gelynyon vygwattwaru, canys pwybynnac a ymgynhalys a thydi ny watwerir, ac ny waradM'ydir. Ac ar hynt, gwedy hynny, y gwediawd Margret yr eil- weith val hyn, " Edrycli arnaf, athrugarhaa "vvrthyfj Ar- ghvyd, a rydha vi o dwylaw dynyon enwir, ac o law y kigwr hwn yma rac ar damwein crynu neu wanhau vygcallon rac y ofyn ef; annon ym vedeginyaeth a iechyt o nef, megys y bo ysgawnach gennyf vy archolleu allei vyn dolur, ac ym- choel vym poen yn llewenyd a digrifvvch ym." A thra yttoed hi yn gwediaw velly, yd oed y keisseit yn maedn y chorff tyner hi, a'e gwaet yn rydec yn ol y gwial, yn íFrydeu megys dwfyr o fynnawn loew. Ac ygyt a hynny, yd oed y ryghyll ar y lawn lief, yn dywedut val hyn. " Cret yn y dwyweu, Vargret, ac ef ath wneir yn bennaf o'r morynyon." Ac yna pan weles y neb a oed yn sevyll yny chylch nieint 224 BUCHEDU MARGRKT SANTES. y phoen, a meint a ordineint oe gwaet, yd wylassant uch y phen yn dost; a rei o lionunt adywawt wrtbi. " MargTct gwvbyd di l)ot yn dygpi geiinjan ni gM'elet y dihenyd a Avelwn ar dygorff di, a ryued na wely meint y tegwch ydwyt yny golli o acliaws dy agcret. Pony wely di y brawdwr yn die ac yn irlla\vn withyt ti. ac yn keissaw ar wjs dydistryw o'r byt hwn, a dileu dy gorff o'r daear, cret idaw ef a byd vyw." ]\Iargret a wrthebawd, " Ocb ar kyghorwir drwc, ocL ar brawdwyr enwir, beth a erchwch chwi y mi, os vygcorffi adihenydyir, vy eneit ageiíF gorífwys a lleAvenyd tragywy- da\vl, ac wrth hynny, iawnach oed y chwi gredu ym gwir Duw, i yneb adichawn agori pyrth paratwys ywch; nyt adolafi vyth awcb dwyweu chwi, mutyon, abydeir a Avnacth dynyon ae dwylaw." ac yna y dywawt hi wrth y brawdwr. " O gi digewilyd, gwna di weithredoed dy dat, y mae y mi Duw yn ganhorthwywr, a chyt roder medyant ytti a gallu ar vynkoriF i, lessu Grist hagen a amddiftyn, ac agymer vy eneit i oth law di. Ac yna yd erchis y pennadur drycliafel y chorfF hi yr eilweith yn yr awyr, ac agwial llymyon dryllaw a rwygaw ychnawt; ac yna ydrychafawd y wynuydedic Vargret y challon ar Duw, ac edrych yn y nef, a dywedut, "Neuin kylclipinawd i g\yn llawer, a chynghor raawr drygyawc yssyd ym herbyn. Tydi hagen vym Duw i, edrych vot yn borth y'm, ac ysglyff vy eneit y gan y cledyf deu vinyawc, a ryd- haa vy vuylltawt o dwylaw y ki hwn; kadarnaa vi lessu Grist, a d}TO y'm yspryd bywyawl, mal y trywano vyng gwedi yn y nefoed, ac anuon y'm golomen o nef gyflawn o'r Yspryt Glan, a deuet jii ganhorthwy ym, megys y gallwyf cadw vyggwyrdawt yn diuei, ac ymlad tal jiital a'r neb aym erbynyo, a mi. ysgwelwyf vyggelyn yssyd yn ymlad a mi gwedy y dileu a'e oruot. Gorchvycka di ef, megys y rodych hyder, ac eovynder yr hoU A\erydon y gyffessu ac eadef dy enw di bendigcdic yn yr oes oessoed." Y kigwyr liynn vwyvwy aoedynt yn gordineu y gwaet hi, ac yn dihcnydyaw ychorff santeid yn y oruu ar y crewlawn troiswr cuflyaw y lygeit ac ael y uantelK kan ny allci edrych BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. "I'lo ar yr aruthyr boen honno. Ac velly y gwnai bawp or a oed yny chylch. Ac yna y dywawt y brawdwr, " Beth yw hyn Vargret, ponyt vuydhey di y mi, achytjsynnyaw a mi, ac adoli vyn dwyweu, ac or gwyney di hynny, nyt dihenydyir, ac onys gwyney, vy gledyf a veistrolha ac a drywanaa dy goríF di, atli esgyrn a wasgarir ar draws y tan." Gwynued- edic Vargret adywawt, "O enwir digewilyd vawr drygyawc vrawdwr, o thrugarhaa fi wrtli vygcorf, lierwyd dy gynghor di, vy eneit ynlieu agyfyi'goUir val y teu ditlieu, ac rac hynny vygcorfi arodaf yboeni megys ycoronhaer vyeneit yn y nef." Ac yna yd erchis Oliver y bwrw hi yn y charchar amgylch banner dyd ; ae val ydoeth hi o vywn y carchar, ydodes ar- wyd croc Crist arnei, ac y gwediawd ual hyn. " Arglwyd Duw," heb hi, "tidi adospartha pob iawn vi-awt trwy dy doethineb di, ragot ti y crynant yr holl oessoed, dy ovyn di yssyd ar bawp, yr meint vo y allu, gobeith wyti ybot dio- beith. Y gwir vi-awdwr, edrych arnaf, kauys vn verch oedwn i y'm tat, y gwr a'm hedewis, ac wrth hynny, yd adolygaf inneu ytti na'm hadewych. Par y mi Arglwyd welet vyggelyn yssyd yn ymlad a mi." Y mamaeth hi weithon, a oed yn gwassannaethu idi trwy fenestyi- y car- char a'r vara a dwfyr, ac yn gwrandaw ar y gwedieu, ac yn eu kadw yn y challon yn hyspys gofyawdyr. Ac yna yn dissymwth yd ymdangosses idi o gongyl y carchar, dreic aruthyr, amlyw y wallt, ae baryf mal yn eur- eit a daned heyrn idaw, ae lygeit yn disgleriaw, ac o'e froen- eu mwc a than jmikerdet, ae dauawt aoed danllyt. ygkylch y war, a'e vwnwgyl yn troi, achledyf gwynnyas yn y law, ac arogleu drwc abrynti awnaeth yny carchar, a garym leis gadarn dost adodes ef, a'r tan o'e safyn a oleuhawd yr holl garchar. Ac ofyn praff a gymerth Margret santes pan weles hynny, a glussu mal glassvvelltyn a wnaeth, a chryt a gymerth mal dyn ymron agheu, a chrynu awnaeth y holl esgyrn, ac ny doeth cof idi, rac meint y hofyn clybot o Duw ygwedi, ae vot yn dangos idi y gelyn a oed yn ymlad a hi, kanys hynny aadolygassei ar ygwedi. Ac eissoes dygwydaw aoruc Margret ar ben deulin y'r llawr, adrych- 226 BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. afel y dwvlaw yggwedi ar Duw, a dywedwt val Iiyn. "Duw iiy cllir y welet a llygeit kna-vvdawl, yr liwn y cryii yr eigawn racda^ì', y neb ygadarnhawys paradAvys, ac a ossodes teruyneu y'r moroed. Ti a yspeileist uifeni, ti a oruuost ar y kythreul. ac a warcheeist y dreic vawr arutbyr, Edrych di arnafi, a thrugarhaa "WTthyf, ac iiaat yr anghenvil hwn argywedu y nii, yr hwn yssyd heb ohir yn keissaw vy llyngkw." A tlira yttoed hi }t.i dywedut hyiiny, y dreic a'e safyii yn llet, a'e kyrcbawd, ac adygwydaw aniei, ac a'e llyngkawd; sef awnaeth arwyd y groc adodassei hi aruei, tyfu ynggeneu y dreic a mynet vwyvwy yny hoUdes yn deu gelwm. A chywynna aoruc y wenuydedic Vargret yii didrvc di- asgengoel ; ac ygyt ahyniiy edrych aomc JNIargret ar y llaw assw idi, a hi awelei diawl arall, a'e dwylaw }ti rwyni, ar dal y deulin; a phan weles hi y kythreul hwnnw velly gwediaw aoruc hi val hyu. a dywedut. " Llawen wyfi a goruoledus, Arglwyd Duw kolovyn fyd, lessu Grist, brenhin divarvawl creawdur doeth, a dechreu y aneiryf o seint ac egylyon, grwndwal kadarn yr holl defnydyeu, yr awr hon y gwelafi vygcret jn blodeuaw, jt awr hou y gwelaf llew- enyd vy eneit; Ilynia vi gwedy rywelet y dreic coch gwedy vwrw ydan vy'n traet y'r llawr ; llyma y drycwynt a'e wrynti gwedy enkil, nii awelaf y wenwyn ef a'e gyndared yn enkil ragofi ; ac }ti troi idaw ef drachefyu, mi awelaf arwyd ygroc yu blodeuaw, mi awelaf vygcorfi ; ahjaiaws arogleu gantaw, mi awelaf olew ynd}Tiot attaf, mi awelaf vy llywenyd, llyma vi wedy gyuodi yn iach. Y dreic lew a ledeis ac aseithreis dan vyn traet, a'r gobeith a oed gennyf yn Duw. ac wrth hyuny y diolchaf y Duw, kanys tydi yssyd nawd, ac amdi- ffyn yr holl greaduryeit. Tydi yssyd vudugolyaeth y'r holl greadurycit a'r merthyri, tydi yssyd lywyawdyr yr sawl yssyd vyw, tydi yssyd iachwaywdyr pawb, a bynny yn oes oessoed, aphoet gwir apliell vo bynny." A tbra yttoed hi yn dywedut bynny ar ygwedi, y kych- wjninawd y kythreul, ac ymauacl a llaw y wynuededic Var- gret, a dywedut val byn. " Margret," heb ef, "bit digaAra BUCHEDD MAEGRET SANTES. 227 gennyt ti awnaethost, gorifowys bellach a gortlirymu vym person i, gwastat iawn a pharaiis y gwedi di, myui a anuones y cocli vym brawt, yn rith y dreic, yth lyngku di, ac y di- leu dy gof a'th enw o'r daear, ac o'r byt hwn, ac ylygru dy vorwyndawt ac ydistryw dy degwch, a thitheu a'e lledeist ef ac arwyd croc Crist, ac ygyt ahynny ydwyt trwy dy wedi yn keissaw fy Had inneu." Ac yna y kymerth Margret y kythreul lierwyd gwallt y ben, ae daraw wrtli y daear, adodi y throet ar y warr, a dywedut wrthaw. " Peit bellacli a dywedut am vymorwyn- dawt i, y mae y mi Duw yn ganliorthwywr ; Gorffowys diawl mawr dryggawc aruthyr, adrycryAvyawch y genedyl; Gwastatta lofnid, Crist yssyd ganhorthwywr y mi, Gor- ifowys vndret tanbeit enwir aghyimil, awdur vifern; oen y Grist wyfi a dof a cbartrefic wyf yn y iawn ffyd, llawuor- wyn wyf y Grist, achymar wyf y Duw, y gwr a vu bendi- gedic yn yr oes oessoed." A thra yttoed hi yn dywedut hynny, yn dissymwth yd echtywynnawd Ueuuer ym press- wyluot y carchar, ac arwyd y groc awelat yn gyfuch, ac o'r daear y hyt nef Ac ygyt a hynny y disgynnawd colomen ar ben y hysgwyd hi, a dywedut wrthi. "Gwyndyvyt, ti Vargret, kanys yr holl seint yssyd yth aros ymportli para- dwys." Ac yna y dywawt Margret, " Ytti, Arglwyd, y diolchafi hynny." Ac ynn y He, gwedy hynny, y troes hi ar y kyth- reul, ac ydywawt wrthaw, " Datkau di y mi, pa ry w anyan yssyd ytti." Y kythreul adywawt yna, " Mi a adolygaf ytti wassanaethuorwyn santes y Duw, y drychafel dy droet y ar vynggwarr, a mi a datkanaf ytti vynggweithredoed." Ac velly y gwnaeth hi, ac yna y dywawt y kythreul, " Dialwr yw vy enw i, gwedy Belsebub. sef oed hwnnw Duw y kyl- yon, rac meint o gylyon adygwydynt ar y delw ef, o acha-ws gwaet yi- aniueileit a ledit yn aberthu rac y vron ef; Uawer o weithredoed, a llaftir gwirion a lyngkafi hyt ymperued vyngcroth; sef yw hynny, llawer o weithredoed da adi- ffrwythafi, ac yn erbyn pawb yd ymladaf ; ac ny allawd neb hyt hyn vyggoruot i. A llyma vi vedyr aruot amaf ohauot 228 BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. ti, amlwc yw nat dim a'u uerth ni, nac an gallu, pan alio morwyn ieuaiigk dyner yn kewilydyaw, an gwarthau ual hyii." A llawer, gyt a liynny, ydywawt ef, ac yna yd atteb- awd ISIargret, " O'r kythreul enwiraf, byd vut o'r lie, a thaw heb vn geir, a dos ymeith." A dydgweith arall, gwedy liynny, yd erchis y brawdwr dwyn Margret rac yvron ef, ac ual yd aeth o dieithir y kar- cliar, y dodes arwyd y groc arnei ; a gwedy seuyll o honei rac y vron ef. y dywawt wrthi, " Margret kytsynnyaw a myvi, ac adola vyn dwyweu, kanys da gweda ytt hynny." Y santes a wrthebawd, " Ytti beniiadur, y gweda adoli vyn Duw i, a lessu Grist y vab." Ynteu adywawt, '' Noetliwch hi, achrogwch yn yr awyr, ac ennynnwch y hystlysseu a fflameu gwressawc." A'r keisseit heb ohir avnaethant y arch ef; a thra yttoed yntwy yn llosgi y chorff santeid hi, yd oed hitheu yn gwediaw val hyn, "Vy Arglwyd Duw i, llosc vy arenneu i, a'm kallon, hyt na bo ynof enwired." Y brawdwr adywawt. "Kyt synnya a mi, ac abertha y'r dwy- weu." INIargret santes awrthebawd. "Nyt chytsynnyafi a thydi, ac nyt adolaf dy dwyweu di, mutyon a bydeir." Ac yna yd erchis y brawdwr rwymaw y phen a'e thraet. a'e bwrw yniywn llestreit o dwfyr brwt, a'e dihenydyaw a'e phoeni yn hwnnw. A'r keisseit poenwyr awnaethant y arch ef. Gwynuededic Vargret hagen gan drychafel y llegeit tu ar nef, a dywawt, " Vy Arglwyd, gogonedus yn dragywyd, torr y rwymeu hyn, a minneu a aberthaf ytti aberth o vol- yant; Gwnadi, y mi ydwfyr hwn megys dwfyr ifynnawn fynhonws hynaws, bit leyndit y mi, ac amhvc waret. bit ffoust didrei di diffyc. Deuct golomen gyflawn o'r Yspryt Glan, yvendigyaw ydwfyr hwi yth enw di, ac ymgolchi ac of, ual y gallwyf gaffel buched dragywydawl. Cadarnhaet y dwfyr hwn vy eneit i, ac eglurhaet vy synhwyreu, a gwrth- ladet y Mrthyf vy hoU bechodeu, a bedydj'et vi yn enw y Tat ar Mab ar Yspryt Glan, yssyd vendigeit yn oes oessoed." Ac yn yr aMr honno y doeth kynnwryf raawr yn ydaear, o rholomcn o ncf adocth, achoron o eur yn y gyluin, ac eis- BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. 229 ted ar ysgwyd y wynuydedic Vargret arhynt aoruc. Ac lieb obir y rydhawyt y dwylaw, a'e thraet y maes o'r dwfyr, ac y gollyngwyt y rvvymeu, ac yd aeth ar y thraet y maes o'r dwfyr dan voli, a bendigaw. Ac yna ydywawt hi, " Duw Arglwyd awledychawd, g\vmpter athegwch avvisgawd, ef awisgawd dewred a chedernyt, ac awisgawd ar y uchaf grym a nerth." Ac yna y cly wspwyt lief o nef yn dy wedut wrthi, " Dyred Vargret y orfowys, ac y lewenyd Tessu Grist, dy Arglwyd di. Dyret y deyrnas gwlat nef." Ac elchwyl y Ilef ady- wawt, " Gwyn dy vyt ti Vargret, kanys coron y gwir vywyt a gymereist, ath wyrdawt a gedweist." Ac yn y awr honno y credassant pum mil o wyr, heb wraged a meibon a mor- ynyon. Ac yna yd erchis Oliver enwir Had penneu pawb or a gTedassei y Grist, ac en hyt awr wedy hynny, yd erchis Oliver Had pen Margret a chledyf; ac heb ohir yd yma- uaelawd y keisbylyeit yndi, ae dwyn o dieithir y dinas, a gwedy dyuot y'r lie, Malcus adywawt wrthi, " Estyn dy warr, ac aruoll dyrnawt y cledyf." A'r wynuydedic Var- gret a dywawt, "Arho ychedic yni wediwyf, ac yn y orchym- ynnwyf vy yspryt y'r engylyon a'r seint." Malcus adywawt, " Adolwc kymeint ac avynnych o am- ser athi a'e keffy." Ac y dechreuawd hi wediaw ac y dy- wawt val hyn, "Duw," heb hi, " kanys tydi a vessureist ath law nef a'r daear, ac aossodeist y'r mor deruyneu, na the- byget neb vot Haw, neu droet y Dyw, pan wnaeth y nef ar daear a'r moroed; namyn Haw Duw yw y nerth ae aHu ae doethineb adodes messur a theruyn ar bob creadur, Duw," heb hi, "Gwarandaw vyggwedi, achanihatta y bob dyn or ay scriuenno vy muched i, a'm gweithredoed, neu a'e darlleo, neu a'e gwrandawho, yscriuennu y enw ynteu yn llyvyr ywir vywyt; aphan archo ef ytti vadeueint o bechodeu ym henw i, na omed ef; aphwbynnac a adeilo eglwys ym enw i, neu agosto o'e lafur ehun goleuat yn yr eglwys yrofi, na dwc argof yr dial arnaw ygamAveithredoed a'e argywed ; aphwybynnac yny vrawt arythur, a ordiwed- her ar y cam, or geilw ef arnafi, ac adolwc vym porth, ryd- 230 BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES. ha di ef o'e boen; a phwyb)Tinae j bo gantaw yn y ty vyg- gweithred i, am buclied jTinyscriuennedic, naat eidigafu yndau mtcìc yar etiued, ac aaat eni yndaw etiued clofF, na dall, iia mut, ac naat yr yspryd budyr kaifel methyl amaw, ac ot eirch madeuoint oe bechodeu, trugarhaa wrthaw." A thra yttoed hi yn dy wedut hjaiuy a llawer yn ychwanec ar y gwedi, y doeth tyrueu mawr aruthyr, ac ygyt ar t}Tueii y doeth colomen, a delw y groc gyt ahi, ac ymdidan a'r wynuydedic Vargret aoruc. Ac rac ofjTi y tyrueu, ar ar- ■n-ydon ereill, aweles pawb ar aoed ynychylch, ydyg^^7das- sant yn Ihvrw eu hwynebeu yr Uawr. Gwynuydedic Var- gret hagen pan weles hi wyrtheu Duw a'e nerth, ydygwydawd rac y \Ton ef, ac yna yd emneidawd y golomen arnei, ac ydywawt wrthi. "Gwyn dy vyt ti, Vargret pnplith jt holl Avraged, aphob peth or a adolygeist ar dy wedi, Duw a'e kanhadawd ytti, a d}Tet ti, vyngkaredic i, yr He yssyd dar- parcdic ytt, a mi aagoraf yt borth teyrnas gwlat nef." Ac yna y k}Tnerth hi ychennat y gan bawp or aoed jniy He, ac ygorchymjTinawd hi wynt y Duw, a'e hyspryt hitheu a orchymynnawd y egylyon a seint nef. A gwedy daruot idi wediaw ymdrychafel aoruc y uyny, a dywedut wrth y gwr adathoed ar vedjT Had y phen, "Kymer dy gledyf, atharaw vi bellacb." Ac ynteu awrthneuawd hyiiny, o achaws eglurder gwyrtheu Duw a welsei, ac aglwyssei. Mar- gret Santes adywawt wrthaw ef, "Ony threwy di vyni. ny bydy gyfrannawc o lewenyd paradwys ygyt ami." Ac yna y diweinyawd y poenwr y cledyf, ac y Hadawd y phen ar vn dyrnawt, ac ar y dyrnawt hwnnw gwediawd hi ual hyn. "Arglwyd nac ymliw ar neb, yssyd yn gwneuthur y dihenyd hwn amaf, jt y gweithret hwn, ac na cheryd udunt." Ac ar y geir hwnnw, y gwr a'e trewis, adygwydawd yr Hawr, ac yna y disgynnawd egylyon Duw, ac a ducsant y heneit hi y nef dan voli Duw, a dywedut ual hyn. "Ar- glwyd Duw, nyt oes Duw tebic ytti yr holl dwyweu. ac nyt oes Duw un ryw yweithrcdoed athi, Sant, Sant, Sant, wyt ti," heb wynt ympen tcirgwith o achaws y drindawt, "ac Arglwyd Duw yr holl luocd a'r Loll uerthoed, kyflawn ynt BUCHEDD MARGRET SANTES 231 y nef a'r daear o'th ogonyant ti. lacha di ni yn y gorucli- elder nef. Bendigedic vo brenbin yr Israel, a doetb yn enw Duw." Cleifyon, -vveitbyon, clofFyon, a dynyon bydeir, a mutyon, ynvutyon kythreulic, ac effi-ydyon adoetbant attei y geissyaw gwaret; a wynt agawssaut waret oc eu beint, a'e clefydyeu, trwy obrwyeu y vvynuydedic Vargret. Minbeu hagen Theotenus a dugum gorfF y wynuydedic Vargret, ac a'e gossodes y mywn bedrawt, gwedy gweiryaw ac ireit gwertuawr yn enrydedus; a mi ae gwassanaetbawd bi tra Tu yn y cbarcbar, ac ayscriuenneis y budugolyaetb a'e haniryssoneu, y rei awnaetb bi yn erbyn Oliver enwir. Di- odef bagen awnaetb bi y deudecuet dyd kyn kalan Awst, trwy rat a roed yn iacbawdyr ni, lessu Grist, y gwr ys- syd vyw, aphytb a vyd byw, ac awledycba trwy yr oes oes- oed, beb diwed, a beb orifen yn dragywyd. Idaw ef, y bo pob gwir Yolyant, a tbragywydawl ogonyant y gan yr boll greaduryeit, a y nineu madeueint o'n pecbodeu, a gwir lewenyd didiffyc, dioríFen, gyt ar Tat ar Mab ar Yspryt Glan. Poet gwir. Amen, III. 'f itn liiiirti litó; INCIPIT VITA SANCTI AIDUI,!" EPISCOPI, 11 KAL. MARTXI. iCui't vir quidam nobilis in regionibus Connactorum, no- (r mine Sedia, qui habebat uxorem, nomine Eithne, de semine Amolgida, de nepotibus Maccuates. Hie autem YÌr, et uxor ejus non habentes prolem, ad quosdam sanctos, qui habitabant Driumlethan venieutes, rogaverunt eos ut Do- minum Christum orarent propter suam sterilitatem. Tunc sancti illi rogaverunt Dominum celi ut ipsis hominibus ad se venientibus conceptionem boni filii donaret. Deiude sancti ad eos dixerunt, " Ite in nomine Domini, et vestrum conju- gium revertimini." In nocte autem sequente, antiqui in conjugium se conjungerent, vidit vir Setlineus nomine, stel- 1am candidam de celo cadentem in os uxoris sue Eithne dormientis. Et ipsa vidit in visione lunam lucidam in os suum cadentem, Expergefacti autem sibi invicem que vi- derant nunciaverunt parentes. Post aliquod autem inter- vallum, impleta sunt sompnia, Deo complente peticionem illorum. Et mulier ilia, que erat sterilis, concepit filium plenum gratia Dei et miraculis, sicut in vita ejus monstra- tur. Illo enim nondum nato, cum venisset mater sancti Aidui in curru sedens, secus magnum concilium in plebe ' Ex. Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. Vespasian A. XIV. - Sic in MS. VITA SANCTI AIDUI. i?33 sua, quidam magus de turba audiens souitum currus, dixit. " Currus sub rege resonat, aut sub gratia Dei." Id est quia tunc in utero matris sue pregnantis erat. In insula autem Brecriraaige Sanctus Aidus natus est. Et intra illam in qua natus est, lux non defuit usque in hodiernum diem. Fuit quidam Rex magnus Ammerus, et ipse immiseri- cors in plebes sibi sub tectas, et de filiis plebium obsides tenuit. Et traditi sunt ei quinquaginta ter pueri, et ipse Aidus unus erat ex ipsis. Tunc Aidus super manus suas venit ad regem; vidensque eum rex Ammerus dixit, "Me- ns est iste puer, et in meam partem ipse veniet." Cui puer dixit. " O rex, si me defendis, ceteros pueros mecum de- fende." Tunc puer Aidus et semitipsum, et quinquaginta ter pueros secum liberavit de potestate ipsius regis, et pos- tea reges Connactorum liberavit. Alio idem tempore sanctus puer Aidus pastor ovium fuit, pascens oves octo et vervices octo; quadam autem die cum vidisset Aidus octo lupos valde esurientes misertus illis ut octo vervices manducarent, statimque lupi esurientes com- ederunt octo vervices. Post modicum intervallum, cum vidisset puer nutricem suam, id est sororem matris, ad se venientem, timuit cam causam vervicum et clamavit ad Dominum, dicens. " Domine, adjuva me." Exaudivit au- tem Dominus preces pueri sancti, et misit Dominus octo vervices ad octo oves, ut fuerant prius. Quodam autem tempore super dicti sancti rogaverunt dominum ut locum resurrectionis eorum ostenderet eis; et venit ad eos ange- lus, et dixit eis, "Puer sanctus vobiscum perseverat Aidus nomine, ipse vobis locum vestre resurrectionis osten- det." Tunc interrogaverunt puerum, qui dixit eis, " Nun- quid auditis vocem cimbali?" Et dixerunt, " Non audimus." Et puer dixit eis. "Venite mecum." Et duxit eos per densas silvas, et posuit eos in loco resurrectionis eorum, et designavit eis locum. Alio quoque die sanctus puer Aidus, elevata voce in campis, legebat ; In ilia quoque hora, vena- tor quidam cum canibus cervum celeriter in eisdem perse- quebatur campis. Tunc cervus in itinere lassus sancti pueri 234 VITA SANCTI AIDUI. vocem audieus, divertit ad eum, auxilium ab eo postulaus, coram puero genua flexit in terram; sanctusque Aidus suum ceraculum^ super cornua ipsius ponens, legebat; canesque perfrequenter discurrentes, cervum iidere non poterant; et sic cervus illesus evasit. Alio quoque die erant simul in uno loco legentes, sanctus Aidus, et sanctus Molassus, qui collactanei erant, et inter se cogitabant peregrinare, et nesciebant quo irent. In ilia autem bora erant coram ipsis duo ligna magna; et tunc in- spirati a Deo, dixerunt bis lignis, "In nomine Domini, re- velate nobis quid faciemus, et quid nobis futurum est indi- cate." Statimque ista duo ligna ceciderunt in terram, unum ad aquilonarem partem, et aliud ad australem; ut per hoc intelligerent quod unus eorum, id est, JNIolassus ad australem terram ad insulam Boum, Aidus autem ad dex- teram in fines Laginensium pergeret. Alio iterum die eum sanctus puer Aidus esset in monte, qui dicitur mons Betbo, in fine diei Yoluit venire ad locum, in quo habitat Aired Siniuch. Tunc angeli venerunt ad eum, et in manibus su- per tollentes eum deduxerunt ad locum suum, et dimiserunt ilium juxta crucem in medio castelli sui antequam nox ve- niret. Altero autem tempore, fuit quidam puer juxta stag- num Erne, nomine Bosargente, filius Echdach mater Orun- tham, et puer iste, cum duobus secum pueris, demersi fuerant in perfiindum stagni; Tunc mater ejus, predicti videlicet pueri, lugens circuibat omnes sanctos, rogans eos ut sibi filium suum resuscitarent. Venitque ad sanctum Molassum, qui dixit ad earn, " Vade et expecta juxta stag- num, in quo filius tuus mersus est, ibique superveniet ad te sanctus Aidus iter agens, et rogabis ilium, et ipse resusci- tabit tibi filium tuum." Venit ergo mater, et fecit ita, cum que venisset ad earn Aidus, flevit contra ilium; tunc Aidus siccis pedibus super stagnuni ambulans, perrexit ad locum ubi pueri in stagno dimersunt ; ibique orans, tres is- tos pueros resuscitavit ad vitam. Et rex Cuchait obtulit VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 285 filium suum cum omni genere suo sancto Aido in eternum; et sanctus Aidus dedit sancto Molasso filium eundem cum omni genere suo. Cum autem sanctus Aidus voluisset suam gentem et pa- trlam deserere, et in exilium ire, rex gentis sue, nomine Albus, noluit dimittere eum ; cui sanctus dixit. " Dimitte me ire in exilium, et tibi dabo regnum celorum ;" Sanctus Aidus respondit, "Accipies tonsuram novam de manu mea, et eris usque ad senectutem et mortem sub tonsura nova." Rex dixit, "Michi placet quod permittis, si sustiiiueris me- cum usque ad tempus tonsure, ut videamus si iterum capilli crescent." Et sustinuit sanctus Aidus apud eum usque ad tempus ; et sic dimisit eum in peregrinationem ; et ipse Rex usque ad senectutem sub nova ilia tonsura permansit. Sanctus Aidus in fines Laginensium venit, volensque sanctas scripturas legere, navigavit trans mare in regiones Brittonum, ibique apud sancti David civitatem legens, multo mansit tempore, et multa miracula ibi fecit. Qua- dam autem die, cum ibi sanctus puer Aidus sedens legeret, venit ad eum equonomus dicens, " Surge et accipe plaus- trum, ut cum fratribus ad necessaria onera deferenda pergas." Statimque puer obediens cito surrexit, et per velocitatem librum apertum dimisit; pluviaque magna descendens li- brum non lesit, donee ipse David ad librum pervenit ; dix- itque equonomus sancto puero ut duos boves indomitos et asperos teneret; sed boves isti statim mites et domiti facti sunt sub manum pueri; dedit quoque equonomus puero jugum sine loris, et adhesit jugum cervicibus bovum quasi loris fortiter constringeretur ; quesivitque ab equonomo puer lignum transversum, quod conjungeret plaustrum id est huili arinfeni; cui equonomus ait, " Pro isto ligno digi- tum tuum pone; et sic obediens puer fecit, sed tamen digi- tus ejus non lesus est. Precesserunt ergo eum omnes operatores, et remansit sanctus Aidus, et puer parvulus cum 60 ; et dixit ei puer, "Rectum erat nobis hoc iter transgredi;" et ait Aidus puero parvo, " Signa oculos tuos, et veni post me;" et pertransierunt transgressionem valde humidam. 236 VITA SANCTI AIDUI. Viam autem perseverat usque in hodiernum diem et pre- venit Aidus iterum operatores cum plaustris suis ; et in ista hora exivit David usque ad maritimam oram maris cum familia sua, ibique jniero sancto dixit. "Quare dimisisti librum apertum sub pluvia?" Hoc audiens puer Aidus, genua flexit, et prostravit se coram David, et non surrexit, donee diceret ei senior David : Et non inquit turn ei, " Sur- ge;" veneruntque fratres ad domum suam, et puer remansit prostratus in litore; postea interrogavit David, "Ubi esset puer;" dixeruntque fratres. " Non vidimus eum nisi quando vidimus prostratum in litore." Tunc misit David familiam suam ad litus, et invenerunt plenum mare, et puerum ja- centem in mari, et in circuitu illius mare sublevatum est, et in funiculo traxerunt eum in navem. Alio quoque tempore, equonomus invidia commotus, sanctum puerum Aidum occidere cogitabat ; quadam autem die misit puerum cum alio viro laico et vehiculo, ut ligna deferrent ex silvis. Suasitque equonomus laico illi ut pue- rum in silvis occideret ; junctis ergo bobus, laicus simul et puer sanctus perrexerunt in silvas; cumque ibi puer se in- clinasset ut lignum commoveret, laicus, elevata secure, ut in caput ipsius vibravit; sed manus illius sursum erecte, siccaverunt in aere. Tunc laicus culpam suam confessus est, et sic per orationem sancti solutus est. Hoc autem opus sancto David revelatum est, statimque ipse cito sur- rexit et cucurrit. Tunc fratres turbati videntes seniorum sine ficone ambulari, ficonemque circa unum pedem tenens secuti sunt eum; venit autem sanctus puer cum vehiculo ad fluvium qui dicitm- Gladius; eum autem vidisset David puerum venicntem, stetit ibi, et dixit fratribus. " Nolite sequi me," vidit enim sanctus David innumerabilia agmina Angelorum circa puerum venientem. Videns autem puer de longe sanctum David se expectantem, venit cito per fluvium, et prosperas vias ubi hominum nullus prius am- bulavit, recto itinere ad locimi ubi vidit David stautem, ibique crux posita stat usque in hodiernum diem. Cum autem fratres ad domum rediissent, cepit David increpare VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 237 cquonomum, et dixit puer sanctus, " Noii est necessc ut ilium increpes; si enim iiicrepaveris eum, ipse mox morietur et sepulchrum illius nemo sciet," et sic evenit. Alio autem die, sanctus puer Aidus portavit vas tributi plenum de cervisia ad suam civitatem ; cum vero venisset ad aliud iter difficile, juxta vallem, cecidit plaustrum cum vase in valle et cum bobus; puer autem sanctus signavit vas et boves, et non perit etiam una gutta de vase, donee pervenit per plaustrum incolumem ad terram planam. Quo- dam autem die, filius regis, qui erat cecus et claudus et surdus, adductusest ad sanctum puerum Aidum; et orante illo, filium regis ab omni languore sanavit. Alio quodam die, ductus est ad eum vir quidam tabulatam faciem habens sine oculis et naribus, et benedixit Aidus faciem ejus, et dedit eidem oculos et nares. Alio quodam tempore, Saxones ve- nerunt ad bellum contra Brittones; tunc vero puer sanctus rogatus, cum Brittonibus in bellum perrexit; statimque Sax- ones videntes eum, in fuga versi sunt; et Brittones septom diebus persecuti sunt eos, sic benedicente puero sancto oti- am unus homo in ipso bello non cecidit. Et quamdiu sanctus puer Aidus in regionibus Brittonum cum sancto David habitavit, Saxones illuc venire non ausi sunt. Qui- dam latvunderi de Saxonibus, in istas regiones Brittonum venerunt, ut ibi si possent alicui noscerent ; hoc sciens Aidus, ejus imprecationibus statim ceci facti sunt; et nemi- nem ledentes, nee jugulantes, retro reversi sunt, et per to- tum annum ceci fuerunt. Rex quidam de Saxonibus ad eum probandum venit, dicens, "Cecus sum et surdus;" Cui e contrario, sanctus Aidus respondit, " Neque surdus es, neque cecus; sed sicut temptando mentitus es, ex hodi- erno die rex non eris; et usque ad diem mortis tue cecus et surdus manebis ;" quod completum est sic. Post hec autem Sanctus Aidus cum benedictione beati David ad Iliberniam insulam navigavit, venitque ad regi- ones Fothart campi itha; et cum appropinquasset ad terram, vidit de mari occisionem quorundam peregrinorum, qui cum barcis in istam regioneni venerunt, et a rege gentis illius 238 VITA SANXTI AIDUI. occisi sunt. Tunc santus Aidus dixit familic sue, "Cito eamus nt ipsos niiseros, qui nunc jugulantur, adjuveremus;" percussitque Aidus suum cimbalum de marl, audiens autem Rex vocem cimbali, dixit " Ista vox cimbali liomiuis cum gratia." Et dimiserunt occidere peregrinos. Cum vero Aidus ad portum venisset ; misit rex unum de suis nomine Dunraa, filium Cainre, et sanctum Aidum suis humeris de navi accepit; statimque rex obtulit ei regionem no- mine Brentrocht, tempore quoque dimittens suam regi- onem cum suo genere, saucto Aide optulit in eternum. Cumque sanctus Aidus in ilia regione esset, cogitavit in corde, dicens, " Penitet me apud doctorem meum non in- terrogasse. Quis in bac insula Hibernie erit mihi amicus anime?" Tuncque surrexit ut iret trans mare ad Sanctum David ; cumque sicco pede super mare ambularet usque ad tertiam partem maris ; ecce angelus Domini occurrit ei, di- cens, " Magna fiducia est quod fecisti ire super mare pedi- bus ambulares." Cui Aidus respondit, " Non per fiduciam boc feci, sed per fidei fortitudinem." Et dixit ei angelus, " Non est tibi necesse ut anime amicum habeas ; amat enim te Deus, et inter te et Dominura medius non erit ; et si anime amicum volueris, habebis Molue mater Choclie." Tunc Aidus reversus est in Ilibeniiam. Post hec venif Aidus in illam regionem, qui dicitur, Ardladrand; et cum ibi redisset in loco qui dicitur Accel, cogitavit quod cimbalum suum Brittonum regione oblitum est. Cumque necesse illi fuisset ut suimi cimbalum liora legitima percuteret, cimbalum ipsius de Brittannia trans mare veniens juxta se repositum conspexit statim, et in ejus adventu gavisus gratias egit Deo. Alio quoque die, Sanctus Aidus in suo curru per mare magnum perrexit a loco illo qui dicitur Ardladrand, usque ad eum locum Fin dubuir lerthnandesse, et ungule equorum, et rote non sunt tincte in mare; sed erat mare solidum, quasi terra durissima. Post hec venit Aidus ad locum qui dicitur Dissert Nambri, ibique cum suis fratribus habitavit, et ha- buit duas vaccas cum uno vitulo; quadam autem nocte VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 239 cum aiulisset sanctiis Aidus clamorem luporum esurientium, cibuni a domino postulantium, misertiis est eis; veniensque vitulum duarum vaccarum ante ora lu])orum deposuit, et comederunt eum. Mane autem facto, surgens cocus cepit querere vitulum; cui Aidus dixit, "Noli querere, ego ilium, vobis dormientibus, lupis esurientibus tradidi." Co- cus respondit, " Quomodo vaccas sedare poteriraus?" Cui Aidus dixit, "Tribue modo capud tuum ut benedicam illud;" Benedixitque caput ipsius, et ait illi, "Vade, et tuum capud vaccis ostende ;" Videntes autem vacce capud clerici veniebant et lambebant illud, et sic mulgebantur, donee iterum vitulos genuerunt ; et banc virtutem sanctus Aidus non una vice fecit, nam morientibus vitulis sanc- tus Aidus capud ministri benedicebat, et quasi vitulum di- ligebant eum vacce. Quodam autem die, cum sanctus Aidus esset in molen- dino, molens farinam tritici, vir quidam de genere Ossani, venit ad Aidum, postulans ab eo farinam ; cui Aidus l^o- nam farinam dedit. Iterumque idem vir, mutato habitu, oculumque suum alteram cecans, venit ad sanctum Dei in nomine Domini farinam rogans. Sed sanctus Aidus calli- ditatem ejus cognoscens, ait illi, " Quare hoc fecisti, ut ite- rum venires et postulares; ego tibi per nominem Domini fari- nam dabo, sed usque ad diem mortis tue cecus eris, et de genere tuo cecus non deerit in eternum ;" quod sic comple- tum est. Alio autem tempore, cum esset sanctus Aidus in loco illo qui dicitur Vuainmar, homines plebis istius venie- bant ut sua munera apud sanctum Aidum in custodia com- mendarent. Cumque Rex nepotum Neil), Aidus filius Ammereth, cum suo exercitu illam venisset regionem, nunciatum est illi quod multa munera plebis in custodia apud sanctum Aidum eiferre. Venit ergo rex cum suis statellitibus, ista munera afFerre volens ; tunc sanctus Aid- us posuit vestigium sui baculi inter hostem et locum, in quo erant munera deposita. Quidam autem preco venit trans vestigium baculi, dicens, "Non est clericus qui me prohibere possit transire." Et cum hoc dixisset, statini 240 VITA SAÍìCTI AIDUI. mortuus est; hoc aiitem cetcri videntes, non ausi sunt ven- ire, sed iiimio timorc perterriti retro reversi sunt preconem mortuum secum portantes, et sanctum Aidum glorificant. Venit quoque sanctus Aidus ad locum qui dicitur Sen- bothendi, liabitansque ibi, vidit quodam die lupam cancel- lantern, nimisque esurientem. Tunc interrogavit puerum qui secum habitabat. " Nunquid liabes cibum ? " Puer respondit, "llabeo unum panem, et partem piscis." Cui Aidus autem ipsum panem accipiens, lupe porrexit, et puer erubuit. Cui Aidus dixit, " AiFer milii folium." Qui cum attulisset, benedicens Aidus de folio fecit panem et puero tribuit. Post hec A'enit Aidus ad portum Fernaun, ibique sub quodam arbore sedit. In illo autem loco, aqua non erat; tunc Aidus dixit suis, " Succidite arborem istam; et continuo fons aque surrexit, qui usque bodie dicitur Ti]ira Moedoc. Tunc vir quidam, nomine Bee filius Cogin, venit ad eum, et dedit ei fundamentum Coci sui ; ibique sanctus Aidus mansit. Veniebant autem mulieres, et filia et filia Beccc, ut in propinquo flumine vestimenta lavarent ; viro- que saiicto mulieres AÌdere non placuit, qui dixit eis, "Ex- ite." At illi dixerunt, " Non exibimus." Tunc mulier ves- timenta lavans, pedibusque concutiatis atque sursum exili- ens subito pedes illius adheserunt pelli, et pellis adhesit terre, totaque mulier herenspene mortua fuit. Audienshoc Bee, venit ad virum Dei rogans eum ut suam solveret filiam, qua soluta, obtulit Bee suum liabitaculum, et suum genus sancto Aiduo in eternum. Alio autem tempore, quidam armentarius, juxta locum Feruan liabitavit, cujus mater gravissimo dolorc prope ad mortem torquebatur; ipseque armentarius ad sanctum Aidum venit, ut ab ipso aquam benedictiam matri postula- rct. Tunc sanctus Aidus surrexit, et cum ipso armcntario ad matrcm peiTcxit ; sed ipse armentarius ante virum Dei citus ad domum percucurrit, suamque matrem mortuam in- venit; qui rcversus ad sanctum virum, dixit, "Homo Dei, noli vexari, mater enim mca mortua est;" cui Aidus respon- dit, " Vadc et die matri tuc ut ad me salutandum veniat.'» VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 241 Pergensque armentarius matri locutus est, dicens, " Surge, vocat te sanctus Aidus." Statimque ilia de niorte, quasi de sompno, Sana surrexit ; festinansque ad sanctum Aidum cucurrit, et gratias egit Deo nostro, et Sancto ejus. Alio autem die, sanctus Aidus venit, cum suis auditoribus, ad sanctum Fintanum, filium Tulchani ; et cum magno gaudio et honore in liospitio recepti sunt. Cenaque facta, dixit Fintanus ministro suo. "Vade et die sancto Aido, ut in liac nocte fiat eis refectio." Et dixit Aidus ministro, "Hoc quod dixit Fintanus faciemus ;" atque illi dicens ut simili modo omnibus qui in isto loco consistunt refectio fiat. Respondit Fintanus ministro, " Die Aido Sancto, Non possumus nos omnes refici ; multi ex nobis doloribus cru- ciantur gravissimis, et his doloribus jiositis refici non pos- sumus." Et dixit sanctus Aidus, " Potens est Deus illis omnibus sanitatem tribuere." Et cum hoc dixisset, statim in ilia bora, omnes infirmi sanati sunt, nee ulla macula in- venta est in eis. Die autem tercio, cum sanctus Aidus ab illo loco exire voluisset, dixit ei Mundu, " Non exies de hoc loco donee dederis unicuique suuni dolorem, sicut prius habuit." Cui respondit Aidus, " Donavit mihi Dominus sanitatem illorum." Et dixit sanctus Mundu. " Etsi dona- vit tibi Dominus sanitatem illorum, non exies de hoc loco donee cuique proprium suum dolorem dedisses." Tunc Sanctus Aidus unicuique suum dolorem dedit, et exivit cum benedictione. Alio autem tempore, venit rex Brandub, filius Cochae, cum armento magno, per litus Echdromo ; et ecce quidam leprosus venieus aliquid ab eo postulabat. Cui rex Brandub ludarium caluum et furuum dedit. Rex autem cum armento ad amnem, qui dicitur Slane, peiTexit, ibique in ilia nocte manens gravissimus dolor pene usque ad mortem su- per ipsum cecidit, et in ipsa doloris gravitate visionem vidit, Portatus est enim ad inferuum, et omnes bestias inferni ore labiis apertis vidit intrare, aliamque bestiam magnam in porta inferni ore aperto vidit, cujus uncula ad se regem tra- hebat. Cum pene deglutisset eum bestia, quidam clericus 242 VITA SANCTE AIDUI. amoenus supervcniens ludarium caluum, ct fulvum in os bestie jierierit. Et cum bestia ludarium devorasset, interim rex ab ore ipsius retroversus est. Et iterum uncula bestie post regem veniens retraxit, et pene deglutivit eum. Tune- idem clericus amoenus baculo suo bestie percussit capud, et OS ejus ignitum clausit, et sic rex Brandub inferni periculum evasit, et portatus est rex in dolore ad locum, qui dicitur in Bercrimtham, ibique in gravi dolore fuit. Tunc amici ejus dixerunt ei " Quidam vir, nomine sanctus Aidus, in hac plebe consistit ; mitte ergo, ut ab ipso aqua benedicta aportetur tibi." Quibus rex ait, " Ego potius ipse vadam ad homincm Dei." Ascendensque venit ad locum sancti Aidui ; cumque Rex Brandub de longe vidisset sanctum Aidum ad se ven- ientem, dixit suis, " Hie est clericus, qui me de inferno li- beravit." Tunc Rex ad pedes Sancti se prostravit, et dixit, " Penitet me omne malum quod feci ; omnia quecunque mihi dixeris, in omni vita mea, ego implebo, tu enim me de penis inferni, et ejus bestiis solvisti." Et in ilia bora. Rex ab omni dolore, Sancto benedicente, sauatus est. Et coii- tulit Brandub Sancto Aido multam terram, et in tota vita sua amici fuerunt invicem. Quodam autem die cum Sanctus Aidus venisset a loco qui dicitur Ardladrand, venit ad scopulam Druinne; et vidit sanctus Aidus sex aratra in errorem exire juxta portum Fernand, et elevata manu, benedixitque de longe, cecidit- que unus vir de aratoribus inter cultrum, et vomcrcm, et non lesus est; et apud eos nicMl periit, nisi una lora modica; Sanctus Aidus suis comitibus interrogantibus, hoc indicavit. Alio autem tempore, exire Sanctus Aidus ad sanctas virgines, filias Aidi filii Coliirbri, secumque ara- trum cum bobus tulit, ut apud eas araret. Cumque boves ad arandum jungerent, ecce quedam mulier leprosa advenit, rogans ut sibi Aidus bovem largiret ; cui dedit Aidus elec- tum de ceteris bovem. Tunc aratores dixerunt ei, " Quid facienuis, et quo modo arare poterimus?" Quibus dixit Aidus. "Expectato paulisper bovem ad nos venientem velo- citcr." Subito autem ox jiropinquo mari bovem ad se venire VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 243 conspiciiint, qui suam vocem exaltans, tribus vicibus clama- vit, suumque collum in jugum alterius bovis humiliter po- suit; et tribus mensibus veris apud illas aravit, qui in inicio dici uniuscujusque ad arandum de mari veniens, et ter vo- cem exaltans, iterum in fine diei revertebatur in mare. Alio vero tempore, ad sanctum Aidum misit sanctus David ut ad salutandum ilium exiret ; statimque Aldus obediens in regiones Brittonum perrexit. Cumque tempus advenis- set, ut iterum reverteretur, dixit ad sanctum David, "Quo- modo vadam per mare?" Cui beatus David respondit, "Vade ad mare, et quodcumque animal venerit tibi, super illud ascendens, et gradere per mare." Tunc ad mare, Aldus ve- nit in Brittonum regione, et vidit animal magnum in simi- litudinem equi magni ; super cujus Immerum sedens venit trans mare in Hiberniam, ad locum qui dicitur Imber Cremtlirain, et animal reversus est in mare. Alio quoque tempore, sanctus Aldus terminavit quinqua- ginta diebus, et quinquaginta noctibus in civitate sua, nichil manducans, nee bibens; et corpus illius magis in jejunio crevit, et auxit, enim pugnum super longitudinem ejus corporis, et alium pug-num super cingulum ejus. Et consummate jejunio, quatuor peticiones donavit illi Deus, primam, Quicunque de genere Laginensium sederit in sedem illius, adiverit secum in celo ; et quod non claudetur infer- nus super familiam ipsius post diem judicii ; et quod virum uniuscujusque diei de inferno solvit usque ad diem judicii. Alio autem die, cum sanctus Aldus in curru suo venisset ad vadum Imgout ; dixit ei auriga, " Die mihi, quis post te in sede tua sedebit?" Cui Aldus respondit, " Vir qui autem nos aperiat termouelam vadi istius, ipse post me princeps erit. Exinde cito viderunt scolam magnam cum scutis et hastis in manibus; erat autem liyemps, et gelu; cumque scolastici currunt, vidissent unum ex eis exiliens ab tectis armis termouelam aperuit. Videns autem auriga juvenem absque linea^ aperientem obstupivit ; et intra se cogitans, 244 '^'ITA SANCTI AIDUI. dixit, " Nunquid iste apud nos post sanctum Aidiim princi- patum tcnebit?" Scolasticus illi dixit sancto, "Volo tecum ire." Cui Aidus ait, " Unde es, et quo nomine vocaris ?" Scolasticus dixit, "De genere Mumunensium ego sum, et de habitatoribus Hirlcore, et Cronanus mecum." Cui Aidus dixit, "Congruum est, Mochve Locre sequere me;" et statim secutus est eum. Hie est Mochve Locre, vir sanctus et religiosus, quem constituit sanctus Aidus post se in princi- patum. Ipse autem sanctus Aidus, consummatis bonis operibus, in bona senectute inter choros angelorum suavia carmina canentium, cum magno gaudio et triumpho migrare ad Deum, et esse cum Christo, exemplo bcati Pauli, concu- pivit ; sed Dominus eum diutius in carne manere multorum causa voluit. Alio autem tempore sanctus Aidus in fine Älumunen- tium in regiones nepotum Neil Cluana Clabdig ivit, quo suos propinquos de captivitate solveret, et ad ostium regis, cum quo genus ipsius captivum fuit venit. Vir sanctus tri- duum jejunavit; in ipsa autem nocte jejunii regis filia mor- tua est, quam sanctus Aidus a regina rogatus, suscitavit; sed Rex durus viro sancto verbis asperis resistebat. Cum- que sanctus Aidus regem maledicere cepisset, puer qui juxta stabat, dixit " Ave, senior, tuam maledictionem super banc pctram effunde." Et cum sanctus Aidus illam petram ma- lediceret statim ilia petra in duas partes divisa est. Hoc autem videns Rex penitontiam egit, et suum genus dimisit ei, et dedit ei Rex fundum Cluam Claidbich. Alio quoque die sanctus Aidus erat in segete cum fratri- bus suis, numoro ter quinquaginta viri; venitque rex Brun- dub ad messem ; videns autem concordiam et humilitatcm tanti populi admiratus ait. " Mirabile est hoc." Cui sanc- tus Aidus dixit, " ]\Iirabilior est illud quod in isto numero filius mortis non est, nisi unus." Cui Rex ait, " Quis est filius mortis, ut vigilem eum?" Beatus Aidus respondit, " Scies ilium quum hora celebrandi advenerit." Cumque horam terciam celcbrassent, et cantassent, " Pater noster," oninos ad torram se iuclinaverunt, cxcepto filio mortis. VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 245 Tunc Rex exiens, interrogavit eum, dicens. " Quare cum ceteris to iion inclinasti?" Ille respcndit, " Mens mea aliud cogitat ; quia gentem mcani expecto, ut ad meam provin- ciam me portent." Et sic venientes portaverunt ilium, et ante ei^domadis finem jugulatus est. Quodam tempore perrexit sanctus Aldus in regiones Mu- munensium, ad arcem Cassil ; Tunc equi sub curru steterunt immobiles; veniensque ad eum angelus, dixit ei, " Vult Deus ut in aliam pergas viam, idem ad cellam filiorum Duach, in regionibus Connacta, quia ibi rex Guare gi-avissimis dolori- bus, prope mortem torquitur, ut cures eum." Cui Aldus repondit. " Nolo ire." Angelus dixit. " Quamvis nolu- eris, tamen ibis, quia hoc vult Deus." Tunc Aidus dixit ad aurigam, "Relinque equos ire quocunque voluerunt; et de- clinaverunt equi ad aquilonalem partem. Cumque venis- sunt ad stagnum, decedere equi sub curru siccis pedibus per stagnum quasi per aridam terram perrexerunt. Post bee invenerunt in via duos viros, quibus Aidus dixit; " Indicate nobis viam nostram." Qui responderunt, " In his locis via plana non est." Alter dixit. "Si boni clerici sunt, de locis asperis planum faciunt iter." Tunc sanctus Aidus benedi- cens viam, per montes, et silvas, et grounas sine impedimento usque ad cellam filiorum perrexerunt; ibique regem Guare sanavit, et dixit ei. "Regnum tuum tenebis triginta annis; et in fine vite tue, iterum eris in dolore ut regnum celorum accipias," et sic evenit. Quidam vir sanctus volens peregrinari, nomine Molocca, filius Dimme fuit, venit ad sanctum Aidum, dicens, "Volo ire in cxilium." Cui sanctus Aidus respondit. "Nolo te peregrinari." Et dixit Molocca. " Si non peiTexero Romam, et ad externas gentes, mortuus ero." Tunc Aidus assump- sit eum secum in currum igneura, et perrexerunt simul ad Romam. Cumque in ea una nocte mansissent, iterum re- versi sunt ad civitatem Fenian, Et dixit ei Aidus, " Nun- quid jus ire Romam?" Molocco respondit, "Nolo; volo ire ad plebem meam, sed pudet me ire per viam qua veni." Tunc sanctus Aidus iterum assumpsit eum secum in currum 246 VITA SAN'CTI AIDUI. igneum, et profectus est cum eo; et dimisit eiim in loco suo, in medio ])lel»i.s sue. Alio auteni die, erat sanctus Aldus juxta cruccm in ostio domus abbatis, scribens psalmum cuidam puero. Ipse autem pater subito vidit sanctum Ai- dum ascendentem per scalam auream, positam inter celum et torram, portans secum librum, vel ceraculum pueri. Et post longum tempus iterum reversus, non potuit puer sus- tinere aulam ejus et faciem ; et dixit Aidus puero. " Vide alicui hoc ne dicas in vita mea." Cui puer respondit, "Si milii dixeris, ad quod existi, ego celabo quod vidi." Cui Ai- dus dixit, " Ego exivi ad leticiam, quam fecit fiimilia cell in adventu columbe, qui fuit amicus mens." Quodam autem die venit equononius JMochue Locrc ut sanctum Aidum in- terrogaret quid faceret de modico spicarum scamno quod remansit in hon-eo, utmm in terram mitteretur, an familie daretur. Cui Aidus respondit, " Illud in ten-am fortiter seminate; et cotidie fratribus habnndanter tribuite, et illud modicum non deficiet donee iterum panis novus adveniat." Et sic evenit, nam in fine autumni scamnus iste spicarum integer inventus est. Alio quoque die, cocus venit ad eum dicens, Hodie mecum in coquina nicliil habetur nisi modi- cum vas lactis et parva pars butiri, utrum illud liospitibus, an fratribus tribuetur?" Cui dixit Aidus, " Omnibus da, et sic largiter divides, quasi de monte vel de aqua detra- heres." Tunc cocus abjiciens coculum suum habundanter dividit cil)um onmibus, quantum unusquisque acciperc Toluit. Quidam viri callidi et fallaces sua vestimenta in silvis absconderunt, vestimentum ab eo postulaverunt. Quibns Aidus dixit. "Sustinete paulisper, donee vestimenta ac- cipiatis." Tunc Aidus occulte misit miuistrum suum, ubi vestimenta eonun abscondita erant. Et allata sunt eis vestimenta sua. At illi, sua propria agnoscentes vestimenta, confusi recesscrunt vacui. Alio autem die, quidam vir, no- mine Sarran, jugulavit regem Laginensium Brandub. Hoc audicns Aidus, dixit, " Utinam ilia manus que Brandub ju- gulavit, ex latere illius viri caderct, sed tamen post pcniten- VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 247 tiam." Quod completum est. Nam Saranus ille juxta sepulcruin regis coniplosis manibus suis die ac nocte jace- bat, donee Rex dixit et de sepulcro. "O Sarane, brute, ignoscitur tibi quod fecisti." Et cum hoc fecisset mauus Sarani ex suo latere cecidit. Sanctus autem Aidus perrexit ad sepulcrum regis Brandub, et resuscitavit eum de sepul- cro. Cui rex dixit, " Si milii dederis regnum celorum, Rogo te ut nunc ad celum pergam :" Tunc accepto sacrifi- cio, perrexit ad celum, et sepultus est in civitate Fernan. Quidam vir inops, a quo censum multum rex exigebat, venit ad sanctum Aidum, ut ab eo auxilium quereret. Tunc Aidus semen in terram mittens, dimidium modii ordei in sin- urn petentis dedit, statimqe in aurum versum est. Et dixit ei Aidus. "Hoc regi da, et eris liber." Rex autem videns hoc aurum, dixit servo, "Quis tibi tan turn auri largitus est?" Ille respondit, "Sanctus Aidus dedit mihi." Cui Rex dixit, " Hoc aurum non accipiam, sed Deo, et sancto Aido dimitto te liberum in eteruum." Tunc servus ille venit ad Aidum, et Aidus granum illud seminavit in terram. Alio autem tempore cum sanctus Aidus oratorium edificare voluisset. nee tamen artificem habuisset, benedixit manus cujusdam vi- ri ineruditi, nomine Gobban, et statim sapientissimus artifex factus est; et fecit optumum oratorium usque ad diem judicii, et dixit Sanctus Aidus hoc oratorium non deliciet; quod completum est. Quodam autem die exire Sanctus Ai- dus ad lavandas manus in fonte ; tunc alii de fratribus viden- tes animi inter se dixerunt, " Nullus homo potest commo- vere sanctum Aidum ad discordiam." Tunc vir quidam brutus ex eis dixit. "Ego possum coramovere eum ad dis- cordiam." Erat autem Aidus indutus pellibus vulpium, exi- ens autem vir ille brutus projecit sanctum Aidum in fontem. Cui Aidus dixit, " Brucior es juvenis de isto opere." Ves- timenta sancti Aidi juvenis videns arida esse sine una gutta aque, dixit. "Penitet me quod feci." Cui sanctus respondit, "Bene fecisti legendo penitenciam; nam si non peniteres, terra te absorbuisset ; nunc celum habebis, et quadragesimo die morieris." Alio autem die venit ad eum equonomus, 248 VITA SANCTI AIDUI. id est Moclioe Locram, dicens. "Quid faciemus quia jam materiam ecclesie cosam in silvis habemus, sed tamen viros qui multa ista onera et gravia deferant, non habemus." Cui Aidus dixit. " Vos ite in domum vestram, et quicquid in ista nocte audieritis, nolite aspicere." In ilia autem nocte magnum sonitum audierunt in civitate, et nemo ausus est videre. Tunc quidam relaicus ex eis per foramen clavis perspexit, et YÌdit multitudinem juvenum bonarum forma- rnm, cum comis aureis usque ad scapulas, ligna deferentes, et isti angeli metiti sunt fundamenta ecclesie. Tunc sanctus Aidus dixit angelis, " Cessate ab hoc opere," quia nisi vir perspexisset totam ecclesiam angeli facierent; postea Gob- banus facieret. Quodam autem tempore, cum sanctus Aidus in fiuibus Alumunensium ambularet, hand procul a cella sancte Ite, audivit longum sonum cimbali. Cumque Aidus interrogas- set " Quis iste esset sonus," dictum est ei, "Alumna sancta Ite nunc mortua est, veni ergo ut resuscites earn." Tunc sanctus Aidus misit unum de suis cum baculo suo; cumque baculus viri sancti super puellam positus esset, viva et sana surrexit. Quidam fur coronam de pecoribus sancti Aidi fiiratus est, et comedit; Cumque fur ille coram sancto Aido jurare voluisset quod animal illud non comedisset; auris corone in labiis visa est, et omnes circumstantes deri- serunt eum. Alio autem die venerunt quidam viri ha- bentes sanctum unum vinctum duxerunt; cumque per silvam pergerent, quidam latruuculus inimicorum suorum occurrit illis. Tunc illi hue illucque fiigientes virum vinc- tum reliquerunt; et hie vinctus reversus est ad sanctum Aidum, et libcratus est. Quodam autem die sanctus Aidus in angulo ecclesie sue stetit longo statu. Tunc sanctus Alundu, filius Tulchani, videns eum, dixit illi, " Quid est quod \ides illuc, revela mihi;" tunc sanctus Aidus signavit oculos sancti Mundu, et vidit sanctus JNIundu totum nmn- dum ab ortu solis usque ad occasum. Alio autem tempore cum sanctus Aidus in via ambularet, occurrit ei Colinanus nepos Fiat-nicli. Tlla autem hora equus Colmani mortuiis VITA SANCTI AIDUI. 249 est. Tunc Aidus equum sub curru Colmani dedit. Et cum ab invicem discessissent, alius equus Jacinctus, a Deo missus, sub currum sancti Aidi statim venit. Cumque Colmatius reversus esset, equus ipsius vivus et sanus surrexit in occur- sum ejus. Quodam autem die, cum sanctus Aidus ligna pomifera in terram plantasset, vir qui ei semina malorum deferebat, detulit cum ceteris infi-uctuosa ligna, id est bren- sei et pruni, sed sanctus Aidus omnia communiter plantans, et de his arboribus infructuosis, ligna fructifera cum pomis fecit. Alio autem tempore multitudines populorum nepo- tum Neill, et Connactorum, et Vlathanensiuni et Dailriati, et Dail Aradii et aquilonares totius partis venerunt ut ducer- ent de regione sua in vindictam Cummascaig filii Aido iilii Ameredii. Tunc Rex Brandub exiit ad salutandum Aidum, Cui Aidus dixit, " Ite ad certamen et nos omnes in certa- miiie erimus." In ilia autem nocte tota sanctus Aidus tensis manibus in oratione stetit, et rex Brandub commisit bellum, aquilonales in fugam versi sunt, et viginti quatuor certamina in una nocte dederunt se in fugam. Quidam homo venit a Roma paraliticus, qui per totum mundum sa- nitatem sui doloris quesivit, et non invenit. Cum omnes dicebant, " Nullus potest te sanare, nisi sanctus Aidus in Uibernia;" cumque venisset trans mare, invenit sanctum Aidum mortuum; sed saliva, quam in ore sancti Aidi in- venit, ilium sanavit ab omnibus doloribus suis. Fuit vir quidam infirmus annis triginta in finibus Lagin- ensium, nomine Finanus ; hie in die festivitatis Sancti Aidi, que est 1 1 kal JNIartii, vidit currum mirabile de celo de- scendentem ad civitatem Fernan; in quo erat clericus amoenus et femina palliata. Et interrogavit eos, quospiam essent, et respondit clericus, " Nos sumus sancta Brigida et Aidus, venimusque ut benedicamus loca nostra, et eos qui nos suis donis, et oblationibus honorificant in die exitus uostri; tu vero letus esto, quia in die tercio ad celum ibis." Post hec exiit currus ad cellam Daro. Alio autem tempore sanctus Mailing in Lochar principatnm Fernan tenuit, et in Icctum sancti Aidi ascendit. Cui quidam clericus dixit. 250 VITA SANCTI AIDUI. " Noli ascendere in lectum sancti viri ;" dixitque Mailing, " In illo dormiam." Cuniqne in lectulum ascendisset ; sta- tim dolor gravissimus apjireliendit eum. Tunc ait dialling, " Atliu orefetor arsethu galq fil form in munde, ceu indim- bebad oitbu." Sed tamen dolor non cessabat urere ilium; iterumque dixit Mailing, " Aisu oroferor arlussu non mice uadab, iarnassu mertha liaig act tusu." Sed tamen dolor non cessabat torquere eum valde. Iterumque dialling dixit, "A itru de cm-clie meic debi arcet gal quam ma- domhi minerica nifil arde nodicca fonim." Tunc dialling surrexit de lectulo, et in-omisit quod in illo lectulo non dor- mivit iterum. Et dixit Mailing, " Non quisque dignus est dormire in lectulo sancti Aidi ; ego non dormiam in so." In hoc ai^paret quantam gloriam sanctus Aidus liabet in cells, in cujus lectulo nemo potest dormire in terris. Sanc- tus enim Aidus inter choros angelorum, et apostolorum, et omnium sanctorum epulatur in celis, in gaudio sine merore, in regno sine fine, in vita sine morte, in conspectu Domini nostri Jesu Christi, cui est honor et gloria in secula seculo- rum. Amen. IV. Wik liiHtti fòîîûmi INCIPIT VITA SANCTI BRENDANI. ÄanCtíö6ímUÖitaque Brendanus, filiiis Tiiiloc, nepos Alti, (>• de genere Cogeni Stragiiile regione Numensium ortus fuit. Hie erat vir magne abstinentie, et in virtuti- bus clarus, triumque millium fere monachorum pater fuit. Cum autem esset in suo certamine in loco qui dicitur Sal- tus virtutum Brendani, contigit ut qviidam patrum ad ilium vespere venisse, nomine Barurchus, nepos Neil regis. Cum- que interrogaretar multis sermonibus a predicto patre, cepit lacrimari, et se prosternere in terram, et diucius perma- nere in orationibns. Sanctus Brendanus erexit eum de terra, et osculatus est eum, dicens " Pater, cum tristitia habemus in tuo adventu ; nonne ad consolationem nostram venisti : Magis letitiam tu deberes fratribus prestare ; prop- ter Dominum indica nobis verbum Dei, atque refice animas nostras de diversis miraculis que vidisti in oceano." Tunc sanctus Barurchus, expletis his sermonibus, cepit narrare de quadam insula, dicens. " Filiolus mens, Mernoc nomine, procurator pauperum Christi, confugit a facie mea, et noluit esse solitarius, invenit insulam juxta montem lapi- dis valdc deliciosam. Post multum vero temporis nunci- 252 VITA SANCTI BRANDANI. atum est milii qnorl plures moiiachns sccum haberet, et multa ]iiiral)ilia per ilium Deus osteiuleret. Itaque pen-exi illiic lit visitarem filiolum meiim. Cumque appropinqiias- sem ter trium dieriim, in occursiim meiim festinavit cum fratribus suis. Revelaverat enim Dominus ei adventum meum; navigantibus autem nobis in predicta insula preces- serunt nobis obviani, sicut eramus apum ex diversis cellu- lis fratres. Erat enim habitacio eorum sparsa, tamen una- nimiter eorum conversatio in spe fide et karitate fundata erat ; una refectio ad 02kis Dei perficiendum, una ecclesia erat ; nicliil cibi aliud ministrabatur illis, nisi poma et nuces atque radices, et cetera genera herbarum. Fratres post completorium in singulis cellulis, usque ad gallorum cantiis, sen campane pulsationem pernoctabant. Nobis autem et filiolo meo perambiilantibus totam insu- 1am, duxit me ad litus maris contra occidentem, ubi erat na- vicula pusilla, et dixit mihi. "Pater, ascende navem, et navi- gemus contra orientalem plagam, ad insulam que dicitur terra repromissionis sanctorum, quam Dominus Deus datu- rus est successoribus nostris in novissimo tempore." Ascen- dentibus igitur nobis, et navigare incipientibus, nebuli coo- peruerunt nos undique in tantum, ut vix potuissemus puppim aut proram navis videre. Transacto vero quasi unius bore spacio circumfulsit nosluxingens, et apparuit ten-a spatiosa, et herbosa, pomiferaque valde. Cumque stetisset navis ad terram descendinius nos, et cepimus circumire, et peram- bulare illam insulam per quindecim dies, et non potuimus finem ipsius in venire. Nichil igitur herbe vidimus sine flore, et arborem sine fructu ; lapides enim ipsius pretiosi onines genere sunt. Porro quinto decimo die invenimus fluvium vergentem ab orientalium parte ad occasum; cum- que considerassemus bee omnia, dubium nobis erat quid agere deberemus; placuit itaque nobis transire flumen; sed expectavimus Dei consilium. Cum hoc exposuissemus inter nos, subito apjiamit quidam cum magno splcndore, coram nobis, qui statim propriis nominibus nos appellavit, atque salutavit, dicens, " Euge boni VITA SANCTI BRENDANr. 253 fratres, Dominus enim revelavit vobis istam terram quam da- turus est suis Sanctis. Est enim medietas insule istius, us- que ad istud flumen; vobis autem non licet transire ulterius; revertimini igitur unum ex istis." Cumque hec dixisset, in- terrogavimus eum Unum esset aut quo nomine vocaretur. Qui ait, " Cur interrogas Unum sim, aut quomodo vocarer, cur non potius interrogas de ista insula, nam sicut illam vides modo, ita ab initio mundi permanet ; ergo indiges aliquid ciln aut potus, aut vestimentis, unum enim annum es in liac insula, et non gustasti de cibo aut potu, nunquid fecisti oppressus sompno; hec nox te cooperuit, ergo ut tu certis- sime scias dies, namque est semper sine ulla cecitate, ulla tenebrarum hie ; Deus enim noster, Jesus Christus lux ijisius est. Et nisi homines contra preceptum Domini egissent, in hac amenitate permansissent." Quod nos audien- tes inlacrimas conversi sumus; quo postquam quievimus con- festim inchoavimus iter ; et ille predictus vir nos pervenit usque ad litus, ubi erat navicula nostra. Ascendentibus autem navim nobis, raptus est ille vir ab oculis nostris ; et venimus nos per predictam caliginem ad insulam deliciosam ; at ubi nos viderunt fratres, exultabant exultatione magna de adventu nostro, et plorabatur multo tempore, dicentes, " Cm- patres dimisistis oves nostras sine pastore, in ista silva errantes. Novimus autem abbatem nostrum ii-equenter a nobis discedere in aliquam partem, et ibidem demorari, aliquando unum mensem, aliquando duas ebdomadas aut unam, sive plus minusve." Cum hoc audis- sem, cepi illos comfortare, dicens, "Nolite fratres putare aliquid nisi bonum ; nostra conversatio procul dubio est annon paradisi porta hie prope est, insula que vocatur Terra promissionis sanctorum, ubi nox nee imminet, nee dies finitur. Illamque frequentat abbas Memos ; angeli enim Dei custodiunt illam ; nonne cognoscas in odore vestimen- torum nostrorum quod in paradiso Dei fuimus." Tunc fratres responderunt, dicentes, "Abba, novimus quia fuisti in para- diso Dei; nam sepe per fragrantiam vestimentorum abbatis nostri probavimus que pene usque ad quadraginta dies 2 k 254 VITA SANCTI BRENDANI. nares nostre tcnobantiir oclore. Illic et ego maiisi duas ob- domadas cum filiolo meo sine cibo et potu; in tantum sacietateiii corporalem habuimus, lit ab aliis videmiis ropleti musto. Post quadraginta vero dies, accepta benedictione fratrum et abbatis, reversus sum cum sociis meis ut redirem ad cellam meam, ad quam iturus sum eras." His auditis, fratei- Brendanus cum congregatione sua, se ad terram projecit, glorificantes Deum, atque dicens, " Sed Justus Dominus in omnibus viis suis, et sanctus in omnibus operibus suis, qui revelavit servis suis tanta ac talia mirabi- lia, et benedictus in donis suis, qui hodie reficit uos spiri- tuali gestu." Hisfinitis sermonibus dixit sanctus Brendatus, "Tamenad refectionem et ad mandatum corporis novum." Transacta au- tem nocte ilia, accepta benedictione fratrum cellam suam sanctus reversus est Barurchus. Igitur sanctus Brendanus de omni congregatione sua electis bis septem, inter quos fuit preclarissimus, ac Deo dignus adolescens, Macutus quidam, ab infantia sua electus, usque ad finem vite permansit in Dei laudibus. Quod si quis noscere voluerit ejus venera- bilem vitam, inveniet ejus opera prima et novissima que pra;clara babentur. His assumptis venerabilis pater Bren- danus conclusit se in uno oratorio cum illis, et locutus est ad eos, dicens, " Conbellatores mei amantissimi, consilium et adjutorium a vobis postulo ; quia cor meum, et om- nes cogitationcs moe conglutinate sunt in unam voluntatem tantum, si voluntas Dei est, terram de qua locutus est pater Barurchus repromissionis sanctorum in corde mei spiritus 1 ali(|iKi verba obscu iíite limrti €[\ì\)îi INCIPIT VITA SANCTI TATHEI CONFESSORIS. KAL. JANUARII, ^Ù (V quidam Ilibernie, regum illius insule iiobilissimus, ^^ regali liiiea ortus, nomine Tathalius, habiiit filium unicum, Tatheum nominatuni, legitimis moribus ornatuni, et a primeva etate ab omnibus illecebris immaculatum purum et conspicuum, quasi auri metallum. In hac virgi- nali probitate manens, nullis iu eo videntibus quo fieret in- conveniens, orabat cum sedulitate, inspiratus amore divino, et celesti desiderio. Parentes itaque cum viderent puerum secularia despicere, et ad celestia tendere, voluerunt Deo reddere quem elegerat; quia puer conabatur illuc ascendere, a quo primitus pervenerat. Protinus res pervenit ad elfec- tum. Commissus est filius ad studium literarum ; eruditus fuit denuo florente ingenio ; quicquid a docentibus audiebat non sequebatur oblivio. Indesinenter studebat sine fastidio, donee disciplinalis scientia in eo claruit, quasi fructus insur- gens ex flore optimo; volabat fama famosissimi juvenis per immensam Hiberniam ; hac audita, innumerabiles juvenes confluebant undifjue ad audiendam illius doctrinam Ex. Cott. Lib. Britt. JIiis. Vespasian, A. XIV. 256 VITA SANCTI TATHEI. Interea rege infirmante, communi civium consilio, unicus natus de istico consortio deditus, advocatus fuit ad civita- tem, ut a genitore recipcret regiminis curam. Ille vero deicola regniim terrestre despiciens, at celeste eligens, noluit recipere consilium turn recipiendi, ne retinetur invitus, ro- gavit dare ut consultus Salomonicum preceptum posset adim- plere, quod dicit, " Omnia fac cum consilio, et post consilium uon penitebis." In nocte proxima, vox angelica alloquitur sopientem, " Ecce asto et consulo ne postponas primitivam intentionem, caducam hereditatem ne diligas, infinitam pa- triam non amittas; quecunque videtis in seculo evanescunt cum luctu, et periculo ; luctuosa universa que audistis, peri- culosa omnia que respicistis ; Respicite ergo perpetualia quatinus reloceris dextralis in parte dextra; qualis enim et quantus debet esse vigor intrinsecus, ut possit expelli oc- cultus insidiator et inimicus. Die crastina sine dilatione ad equoreum ostium tendito, et ad Britanniam transitu, ut destiuatum est tibi qualitercunque precipio poteris." Ex- perrectus traxit visipnem ad memoriam, leto animo, octo discipulis comitantibus, pervenit ad equoris ripam. Cum ita pervenissent, invenerunt naviculam sine instrumentis navalibus incommodam, congaudentes intraverunt, et sine remige veloque et remo, quocunque dirigebat ventorum in- flatio, Deo annuente, cum prosperitate navigaverunt ad Brittanniam Savernam. Ad iiltimum, per longitudinem freti, appropinquarunt Guentonie, et appulerunt in ostio vocato ex additamenti vocabulo gentis. Ingressi sunt octo ad litus, relicta navi- cula sine retinaculo, virtutum assimilantes octonario numero, quibus erant nitidi a primeve etatis primordio. Quidam dives vicinus balneo parato ut consuetude erat in sabbato, vidit illos lassos ex itinere et navigioadvenientes; illis visis noluit balneare donee prius balnearent hospites balnei lava- cro diguiores. Postquam venerant et intraverant, recepti fuemnt lionorabiliter a domestico, ut debent recipi advene; connuemorabat enim sermonem Domini, cum veniret Judi- cus in supremo die, qui dicet, " Hospes fui, et recepistis VITA SANCTI TATHEI. 257 me." Dum requiescerent, missus est ad ostium ut alligaret absolutam naviculam per retiuaculum. Ille adveuiens et accedens litoreo margini, vidit cervum more luimaiio cum j)edibus funem retinentem ne navicula submerget ad amis- sionem. Amirans et stupefactus valde cum festiuatione re- diit; et quod viderat admiratione magistro et ceteris re- nuntiavit. His relatis, gratias immensas egit creatori, qui domuerat feritatem indomiti. Remisit ergo propter mitem bestiam, collaudans et magnificans summi instigantis clementiam. Cervus mitigatus et retentus ligamine reducitur, cunctis am- irantibus de adveniente. Precepit eum interficere, et pre- parare ad crastinum prandium, nemo tamen est ausus ledere nee in eo manum extendere, propter ostensum in eo mira- culum. Deus volens ostendere interficiendi signum, coegit bestiam jacere ac protendere coUum, quod mirabilius fuit, ut per extensionem interficerent, et eo uterentur ad profi- cuum dum jacuisse, ut manifeste fuit divina dementia, Que largitur egentibus postulanda donaria, Precepit tandem cito dilaniare jacentem, Extendit collum, monstrabat se moriturum, Tendit ad interitum, res mira peracta per istum, Et cervi feritas sancti leniret ad escas. Hoc peracto aperte miraculo, dives iste et liospes, con- cessione regia, servivit Sancto Tatheo, et insuper sua pro- genies que procederet ex illo in future. Caradocus, rex utriusque Guentonie, ut audivit famam famosissimi viri et venerabilis, et miraculorum magnificentiam, misit legates rogantes ut ad ilium veniret, quatinus ab illo evangelica hortamenta audiret, et audita retineret. At ille humiliter legatis respondit, "Rex vester, si cupiat nos visitare, buc veniat; ego autem regem secularem, et regis copiosam familiam non visitabo." Legatis redeuntibus, et renuntian- tibus que audierant, rex non dedignans, sed magis obtempe- rans, viginti quatuor militibus comitantibus visitavit bono- 258 VITA SANCTI TATHEI. rabilem doctorem, rogans immensis precibus ut ad urbeni Guentonieusem tenderet, et illico studium regerct; quia cives diligebant ejus adventum, qui inter eos stabile retin- eret magisterium. Vir doctissimus rogatui obediens regali, ac talentum sibi commissum seminare cupiens, adivit proxi- niam civitatem, et incepit regere studium ; confluentibus undique scholaribus ad erudiendam scientiam septem disci- plinanim. Datus est illi imprimis a rege, ager suburbanus ad precationem, a publica via usque amnem ; agTo dato, vi- dit locum aptissimum divino servitio ac clericali habitatione digno ex angelica exbortatione. Et Caradoci regis filii Ynyr nobilissimi donatione, in lionore sancte et individue Trinitatis fundavit templum, in quo coustituit duodecim canonicos, consilio et licentia Landavensis episcopi, singulis horis constitutis visitantes oratorium. Unde Sanctus Ta- theus collaudabat civitatem, ac civitatis fertilitatem, dicens, " Urbs bona, fertilis, ardua, nobilis, Guentouiensis, Sors mea, dedita gratia celica, civibus istis. Sedula subveniat, que vos defendere cra'at, Et nos defendat, qui defendenda gubernat." De divite et filio. Nobilis quidam et locuples decem filios habens, dccimuni vovit studio literarum commendare, et Deo servire ; ut per unum natum, novem melius possent accrescere. Donata fuit vacca cum illo suo doctori, in tantum lacte habun- dans per quam habebant septem discipuli cvim magistro per estatem, et autumnale tempus pulmentaria. Custodieba- tur pastorali cura cotidie in i)rato surburbano. Cum armi- geri de civitate cum septem et quadraginta equis vcnerunt ad pratum, ct solutis equis, incidendo et calcando corrum- ]»unt totum. Pastor videns nequiter talia egisse ingressus est ad dominum suum Tatheum, et narravit dc invasione iamilie ct cquorum. Sanctus vero pacienter sustinuit, no- lens irasci, sed oravit pro malefactoribus ut se converteut et VITA SANCTI TATHEI. 259 emendarent in melius. Exaudita oratione a summo audi- tore, qui dixit, " Michi vindietam ego retribuam ;" et om- nes equi, qui pratum violaverant, defuncti inventi sunt. Armigeri iiequissimi videntes dignam vindictam fieri de corruptione prati, festinanter narraverunt regi mortiferam caballorum pestilentiam. Rex intelligens liec fuisse per illorum injuriam, injuriosos expulit a civitate, affligendo per verbera. Et continuo nudis pedibus, familia sequente, pro- pinanter ad pium, et castissiniura sacerdotem genuflectendo et postulando veniam offerens et promittens emendare quie- quid sui deliquissent ad voluntatem suam. Ille electus Dei servus perdonavit quod deliquerat, nolens precari ut dampnarentur, quamvis essent dampnabiles; commemorans Dominicum semionem et evangelicum, qui dicit, "Nolo mor- tem peccatoris, sed ut convertatur, et vivat." Emendatione data et inipleta, cunctis ibi videntibus, mirabilius equi vivi- ficati sunt. Unum omnes glorificabant Deum, et lauda- bant vivificatorem gloriosissimum post tale miraculuni. Hoc viso miraculo, rex donavit sancto Tatheo totam civi- tatem, et totum territorium libere pro eterna hereditate; et ammonitus angelica ammonitione, precatus est iterum celes- tem cultorem quatenus in crastino equitaret, et monstraret edificium locum, quern donaretur Deo et sibi regale et civile palacium. Ille summo mane equum ascendit, et sine freno, et capistro, quocunque Dens regeret, et duceret, ire concessit. Incipit itaque iter capere, ab urbe arduo rectore regente, et ducente, donee fere pervenit ad ripam Saverne. Cum illuc pervenisset, stetit equus pedibus fixis in terram, et aurea compede ligatus ; quamvis cogeretur non ibat ul- terius. Respiciens equum stantem, dixit, " Cernite signa Dei, stat equus status hie remanendi. Sic monet, edifices, sit et hie tua regia sedes." Postea de compede composuerunt baculum, a quo sana- batur egroti ab omni genere languorum. Placuit regi Caradoco sue habitationis locus si fontana aqua fluerat, que perficeret habitantibus ; his dictis, 260 VITA SA^X■TI TATHEI. " Pressit eqiius glebam pedibus dedit arida guttam, Et tantani liquidam, veluti per brachia venam." De Vacca Ablata. Nocte quadam venerimt latrones de regione Gunlyu regis ad Guentoniam et fiirati sunt predictam vaccam. Ducen- tes ad illius civitatem, ductam interfecerunt, et in caldari- um carncm incisam posuerunt. Quippe quanto plus coque- retur caro, tanto amplius cruentaretur in caldario. In cras- tino venerabilis Dei famulus audiens a pastore vaccam esse ablatam, invenit vestigium vacce prope civitatem miro modo in lajiide positum ; inde dicebat vir sanctissimus, " Ilic lapis in medio calcabilis, et canus nitro, A pede vaccine vestigia fixa videndo." Inde cognoscens cum suis sociis viam per quam latrones perrexerant, investigavit sagaciter unam vaccam, et unicam, donee pervenit ad palatinam portam. Rex Gunlyu adhuc nequam videns innocentem, et suos consocios advenientes, precepit servientibus deponere caldarium aqua fervida ple- num, et cooperire cum juncis, et desuper lineo panno ad sedile dolosum. Sanctus vir justissimus, ut imperavit, lo- catus est per tales insidias super caldarium cui prefuit celeste sustaculum. Cum putant dolosi malefactores ilium cadere in fervorum medium, sedile fuit solidatum quasi la- ]iidcum. Rex cernens divinitatis amatorem protectum fuissc divina tutela, inclinavit ad genua obsecrans niiseri- cordiam tribuere ex dolositate nequissima. lUe more reli- giosissimi viri, ex sua parte indulsit malefactum ; tali pacto ut non repeterent sui familiares latrocinium. Post hec vacca ei fuit rcstituta. His dictis, carnem et ossa posuerunt super corium ; his ita compositis, revixit, et coram om- nibus snrgons consociando remeavit. vita sancti tathei. 261 De Mirifico Igne. Sanctus Cadocus in juvenili etate florens, ilia vice inscius genitoris manens post insigne miraculum visum, consocia- tus est sapientissimo doctori, patris licentia habita, quatinus erudiretur in scripturarum scientia. Die quodam igne ex- tincto in magistrali habitaculo, missus fuit Cadocus juvenis propter ignem deferendum ad vicinum cujusdam rustici cli- banum, qui rebellis erat, et inexorabilis ad petendum. At illo nolente dare, nisi deferret in clamyde ; attulit tali pacto datum mantello ab igne tamen illeso ad magistrum. Carbones superstites quamdiu conservati duraverunt, expelle- bant morbos, et salutiferi dicebantur, et habebantur a cunctis gentibus illis. Hoc peracto miraculo mirabili, clarissimus doctor Tatheus voluit ut sanctus Cadocus mitis et obediens amplius maneret in magistrali obedienta; quia viderat et audierat Deum per euni operari tanta miracula. Delude invitus et deflens discessit a magistro carissimo amplius eruditus pre omnibus discipulis, et introductus in gimnasio. In reditu non permisit genitorem inique vivere, donee egit penitentiam ex omni illicito operi ; ammonuit ilium orare, assidue vigilare, egenos pascere, jejunia repetere ; et dum solveret jejunium, modicum panem cinericum, scilicet cum cinere mixtum, aquatico potu sequente, omni hora uona sumere. At ille conversus paruit filii ammonibus, spernens ten-estria adhibuit celestibus. De Puelle Martirio. Puella, Macbuta nomine, custodiebat oves sibi commissas. Ilia custodiente, venerunt sepe duo latrones, et ambo fratres volentes furari unum arietem triennem, magnum et pinguis- simum, et non cum grege poterunt. Quando non possent au- ferre, ilia ignorante, compulerunt puellam pariter ad siluam, ariete ablato- et necato, dccollaverunt innocuam, ne inti- maret latrocinium et rapinam. Postea grex incustoditus et dispersus, rediit apud vespertinam horam ad ovile; quem sanctus vir moderabilis audivit advenientem absque puella. 262 VITA SANX'TE TATIIEI. et ariete. His auclitis, doluit, et oranes condoluere de am- missione virgiiiis fidelissime. Nocte prima dum orando vigilarent ut Deus, unde dubitarent quo piiella deveiierat, declararet, venerunt duo fratres homicide ad ostium habita- culi, coiiiitentes arietem furare, et quod erat nequius homi- cidium operari. Clamabant compuncti dolore, repetentes pro malefactis suis indulgeutiam douare, dicentes, "Locum mar- tini ostendimus, ne vos dubitetis amplius." His auditis. precepit eis ad antistitem pergere, et post confessionem impositam penitentiam implore. Aurora surgens, tetendit clericis cousociantibus ad locum quern monstraverant, et invenerunt virginem martiritatam, sicut predixerant. In eodem loco fundavit ecclesiam in honorem virginis IMachute constitutam. Noluit corpus ibi virgiueum permittere nisi in loco quo solum deberet jacere. Allatum est itaque ad urbem Gwentonie, et conditum in pavimento temple, cujus anima quiescat in eterna pace. Subulcus Tesychius, postea sanctus heremita conversatus, eonquestus est sancto Tatheo de ariditate terre iibi gregem porcorum custodiebat ; queremoniabilibus verbis auditis et oratione a sunimo auditore, manavit fons liquidissimus, et manat absque defectione. Beatissimus Tatheus habuit duas columbas domitas que frequentabant descendere, et ludere super mensam. Unde consolabatur videre, et audire modulationem colunibinam. Cum quodam die volarent inter refectorium et ecclesiam, rapuit milvus unam. Clerici videntes rapuisse illam, nun- tiaverunt magistro rapinam; hoc audito doluit, tanien sperans per Dei virtutem adhuc esse restitutam. Die cras- tino, illo veniente ad hospicium, peracta missarum celebra- tione, descend it rapax milvus tcnens columbam per ungui- bus, et solutam et incolumem reddidit ante pedes sanctissimi doctoris. Hoc videns, gavisus est, dicens, Ecce columba modo vivit, que niortua sero, Hcc volat, et ludit, sibi vulnere pectore salvo, Laudo crcatorem, qui dat solatia servo, Prcbuit banc volucrem, michi misit ab alite milvo. VITA SANCTI TATHEI. 263 Predictus subulcus venit quodam die ad dominum suum piissiraum Tatheum, conquerens nimiiim de perditione por- cellorum. Postquam pervenerat, interrogatus fait a domino quid quereret, aut quid sibi contigat; ille vero respoiidit, timens valde ne irasceretur per sermonibus quos pertulit, inquit, "Lupa sevissima visitavit gi-egem porcorum spatio luijus hebdomade, rapuitque porcellulos unius scrofe, devii sunt, vivus nullus est hodie. Sequor vestigia rapacis lupe intra speluncam, nequeo defendere. Sic uutrit catulos por- cellina came. Doleo, Nunc adjuva me pro dolori." His auditis, respondit subulci querimonialibus verbis, dicens, "Vade fidelis famule, nee anqilius doleas, quia Deus mitiga- bit sevitiam lupe mea oratione, ne magis noceat ut nocuerat ante." Reversus est itaque subulcus ad gregem letus, et mane crastino vidit lupam venientem, et suum catulum in ore tenentem, solvitque retentum et alienum reliquit ad ostium, et mitigata, non quasi bestia, intravit saltum. Ca- tulus relictus, numine divino concesso, orbate porce continue sugens ubera adherentis ut propria. Crevit enutritus ut canis domesticus, non quasi lupus, sed custos in saltibus. Deinde annorum trium spatio, nulla bestia nocuit gregi nee latro. In termino tercii anni, ut solebat omni die, visitavit habitaculum domiui Tathei, et pro aliqua causa que displi- cuit ministranti, ille dedit ictum lupino lateri. Ictus atque ofFensus, et se volvens tribus vicibus, regressus est ad sil- vam, non revertens ad gregem iterum propter iram et in- dignationem. Sic lupa reddidit porcellulos venerabili Tatheo. Quid mirabilius est auditum tanto miraculo. Emittente sanctissimo Tatheo spiritum de corpore, angeli celestes consociati sunt illi ; et viri in emissione fulgur ange- licas replebat thalamum, odorificus in naribus omnium. Nares odorifere per odorem mellifluvmi sentiebant dulcedi- nem, ut gustantes favum. Inde transitus fuit anime sine macula Tathei beatissimi confessoris, cujus hodiernam festi- vitatem celebramus affectibus eximiis. Quis non celebret affectuose hujus diei celebritatem? Quis non honoret, et non collaudet honoris et sanctitatis dignitatem ? Pater 2Ö4 VITA SANCTI TATHEI. erat eniiu totius Guentonie, patrem vocabant et adliuc vo- cant indigene. Nulius erat ausus aliqueni de suis ledere, si lesisset judicaretur quasi reus ex crimine. Defensor erat silvestris patrie, refiigiuni ejusdem sine violatione ; pa- tienter sustinebat omnia illata; nunquam irascens sobria mens ut columba; quicquid dabatur illi, largiter dabat et exigentibus nulla negabat. Non fuit largior in occidentali plaga, hospites recipiens, et reddens liospitia; esurientes, strictos inedia, et sitientes propositi arida, hos satiabat ex habundatia. Nudorum laterum expellens fì-igus, carcere punitis detulit solatia; egenis et viduis dabat subsidia, eterna querens non transitoria. Sanctus Tatheus vixit ce- licola virgo sequens Dominum in celesti gloria. Post exituni, sepultus est in ])avimento ecclesie, et sui septem discipul consocii, adheserunt magistri sepulture ; quern Deus elegit, et direxerit in eterne giorie patria. I A GYMMERWYD ALT,AN O HEN YSGRIF A YSGRIFENWYD YN Y DRYDEDD CANRIF AR DDEC^ !• jHrtoi) mab Sant, mab Keredic, mab Kuneda Wledic, '^^ Non verch Gynyr o Caergauch ym Mynyw, y vam. 2. Docvael, mab Ithel, vab Keredic, mab Kuneda Wledic. 3. Tyssul, mab Corun, mab Keredic, mab Kuneda Wledic. 4. Carannauc, m. Corun, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda Wledic. 5. Pedyr, m. Corun, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda. 6. Teilyau, m. Enoc, m. Hedun dun, m. Keredic, m, Kun- eda Wledic. 7. Gwynlleu, m. Kyngar, m. Garthauc, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda Wledic. 8. Avan buellt, m. Kedic, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda Wledic. 9. Kyngar, m. Garthauc, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda Wledic. 10 Kyndeyi-n, m. Kyngar, m. Garthauc, m. Keredic, m. Kuneda Wledic. 11. Kynvelyn, m. Bleiddut, m. Meiryaun, m. Tybiaun, m. Kuneda Wledic. 1'2. Edyrn, m. Beli, m. Rhun, m. Maelgun, m. Kadwallaun Haw hir, m. Einyaun Yrth, m. Kuneda Wledic. > Allan o ysgrifau Harl, yn y Llyfrfa Brydeinaidd, 4181. Ysgrif lion yn meddiant Mr. Edward Lhvyd, awd\vr dysgedig yr Archae- i.oniA Brita.nnica, o ddcutu y flwyddyn 1707. 266 ACIIAU Y SAINT. 13. Einyaun, vreiihiu yn Llyn, a Seiryoel ym penn INIoii, a Mtúryauii yni Äíertber JMciryaun, yiigliantref, meibioii Oweti dauwyn, m. Einyauu Yrtli, m. Kuneda Wlcdic. 14. Kadwalaudyr vendigeit, mab Katwallaun, mab Katvaii, ni. lago, m. Beli, in. Run, ni. Maelgun, mab Catwall- awn Llawbir, ni. Einyaun Yrth, m. Kuneda Wledic. 15. Deinyoel, m. Dynawduor, m. Pabo post Pryden, a De- uer vercb Leinnawc y vani. 16. Eurgen, merch Vaelgwn Gwned, m. Katwallawn Llaw- bir, m. Einyaun Yrth, m. Kuneda "Wledic. 17. Assa, m. Sawyl benucbel, m. Pabo post Pryden, a Guen- assed vercb Run bael o Reinuc y vara. 18. Kyndeyrn, m. Gartbwys, m. Owen, m. Urgen, a Deny vercb Leudun Luydauc o Diuas Eidyn^ yn y gogled y vam. 19. Gorwst, mab Gueitbbengar, m. Elphin, m. Urgen a Eirgorby merch Glydno o Eidyn y vam. 20. Kadell, m. Urgen, m. Run. 21. Buan, m. Usgun, m. Llywarch ben. 22. Lleudat yn Henlli, a Baglan yng Koel ac Eleri ym penn nant Guytherin yn Rywjamauc, a Therydauc Is- coet, meibyon Dingat mab Nud bael, m. Senilli, mab Kedic, m. Dyfynwal, m. Edynnyvet, mab JSIaxen Wledic, a Thenoi vercb Leudun Luydauc, o dinas Ei- din yn y gogledd y vam. 23. Katvan sant yn Henlli, m. Eneas Ledewic o Lydaw, a Guenteir bronn, merch Emyr Llydaw y mam. 24. Hennwyen, mab Gwyndaf hen, o Lydaw, periglawr o Gawan, ag yr saint a vuant ynghyt oes ac ef yn Hen- lli Kynan, a Dochwy, a JMael, a Sirlyen, a Thanuc, ac Eitbras, a Llewen, a Llenab, a Thegwyn, a doetbant gyt a Chatvan y'r ynys hon. 2,'!, Padarn, m. Petrun, m. Emyr Llydau, keveynderu y Gatvan. 26. Tedetho, mab Anmni du, m. Emyr Llydau, kevynderu y Gatvan. ' FAliibiirgh, jn ysgrif Robert Va\iglian o'r Hcngwrt. ACHAU Y SAINT. 267 27. Tryiiyav, m. Dinuc, m. Ehijt Llydau, Kevyiuleni y Gatvan. 28. Maelrys, m. Guydno, m. Emyi- Llydau, Kevynderu y Gatvan. 29. Tegei ym maes Llanglassauc yn ar Llechved, a Therillo yn Dineirth yn Ros, meibion Ithael hael o Lydau, a Llechit yn Ar Llechwed chwaer udunt uynteu. 30. Kybi, mab Selyf, m. Gereint, m. Erbyn, m. Custennin gorneu. 31. Patric, m. Al\Tyt, m. Goronwy o Waredauag yn Arvon. 32. Katvarth sant yn Aberych yn Lljii, a Thangun yiu ]\Ion, a JNIaethlu yn y Karvedaur yra Mon, mebyon Caradauc vreichvras, mab Llyr Marini. 33. Beuno, m. Bugi, mab Guynlliu, m. Gliwis, m. Tegid, m. Kadell, a Pheren vercli Laidim Luydauc, o dinas Ei- dun yn y gogled y vara. 34. Cannen sant, m. Guynlleu, ni. Gliwis, m. Tegit, m. Kadell o Llangaduc yng Gnent. 35. Tussiliau m. Brochmael ysgithrauc, m. Kyngen, m. Kadell Deyrnlluc, ac Ardun vercti Pabo post Pryden o'r gogledd y vam. 30. Lywelyn o'r Trallyng, m. Tegonwy, m. Teon, m. Gwineu den Vreudyac, a Gurnerth sant, m. yr Llyvpelyn oed mam liwnnw. 37. Elbaern ym Maes Kegitva ym Powys, a Lluclibaearn yngetewein, a Chynhaern o ynys Gynhayrn yn Eidion- ydd, meibyon Hyi-garvael, m. Kyndruyn o les Tinwynon yng Kaer Einyaun ym Powys, Eineon in Yirgrpriws, W. T. O Lys Tinewyn o chref Leysfyw vi'ynwyn ynghaer Einon, in alio M S. penes eundem. 38. Guydvarch, m. Amalarus, tywyssauc y Puyl. 39. Ysty[)han, m. Mauan, m. Kyngen, m. Kadell Dyrnllug. 40. Pedrauc, m. Clemens Tywyssauc o Gernyu. Tutclud agvennoedyt Lly in Arvon, a Merin, a Tbueno yng Hyngredur, a Seuenyr, meibyon y Seithenun, vrenhin o vaes Guydno (Nived in Garnarvon) a oresgunnaud ymor yilir. 268 ACHAU Y SAINT. 41. Tutclud a Gwennoedyl (they in Arvon) a Meriii, a Thiieno yn y liyngTediir, a Sevenyr, meibioii y Seithen- un, \Tenbin o Vaes Gwydno, (Nived in Gaernarvon) a oresgynnaud ymor ydir. 42. Peris sant, Kardinal o Revein. 43 Bodo, a Guynnin, a Brothen sant, meibyon Glanauc, m. Hclyc voel, o Tyn o helyc. 44. Tyvredauc }Tn Mon, a Dilienyr ym Ottyfarm yn Te- geingyl, a Theyrnauc yn Dyffryn Cluyt, a Tliudyr yn Darywen yng Kyveilyauc, brodorion, meibyon Haustyl Gloff, a Dianned merch Amlaud WIedic eu mam. 45. Keiday, m. Ynyr Gwent. 46. Madrun, vercli Wertheuyr brenin yr ynys lion, ac An- nun Llauvoruyn idi. 47. Tecvan sant jnn Mon, ni. Caerclydwys, m. Kyngn, m. Ysjjuys, m. Kadrant Calchuynyd, a Chenaf verch Tew- dwr MauT j vam. 48. Elaetli vrenhin, mab Meuric, m. Idno, ac Onnengrec verch Wallauc, vab Lleenauc, y vam. 4Í) JNIerchyll, m. Echwys, m. Gwyn gohoen. 50. Kowy, m. Ynyr mem hen, a Chamell, gureic Ovot Angharat yngholiniavn y vam. 51. Deunauc sant, m. Kaurdaf, mab Kradauc Vreicli vras. 52. Collen, mab Petron, m. Coledauc, m. Gw}im, a Melangell merch Kynelch, m. TutdaAval Tutclut, o Ethin, Wyd- eles y vam. 53. Nidam yn ]Mon, m. Gornvym, m. Pasgen, m. Uryen Dwynoel W. T. o Deifr a Bryneich. 54. Idloes, m. Guydvali, m. Llawrodet varuauc o Nidam ym Älon, m. Goronwy, m. Pasgen, m. Uryen. 55. Ovy hael, m. Pryder, m. Dolor dufyr o'r Erfis, a Bryn- eich yn y gogled 56. Eingen merch Vaelgun Guyned, mab Katwallann Llawhir, mab Einyaun Yrth, m. Kyneda W Iodic. 57. Llenyan Liavyur, m. Alan Ilergan, m. Emyr Llydan. 58. Guenan a Noethan, meibion Gildas, mab Kadu. 59. Gnrlu'l, m. Kadu, o Peiivstrvveit. VII. Irjiott laint Cprng." A GYMERWYD ALLAN O HEN YSGRIF.= ^- iRpnant, a Dochwyn, a Mael, a Sulien, a Thanauc, -^^ Kyndocliwyn, Ma lassulien,^ a Tlianawg, meibion Kynwyd Kynwydion, mab Kynvelyn ap Arthrwys vab Kenav, vab Koel. 4. Lheydhad ag Eithras, a Thegwyn a dhaethant gyda Chadvan i'r ynys hon. 7. Krisdoffis a Rysdryd, a Derfel gadarn, meibion Howel Vychan, ap Hoel, ap Ynyr Lhydaw. 10. Kwywen, vab Kaffi o Llyn. 11. Katuc a Genau, meibion Kynllo vab Gliws. 13. Esdyn a Kyngiar, meibion y Geraint, vab Erbyn. 15. Gildas, vab Kaw, o Brydein. 16. Peblig, yn Gamarvon, Mab Maxen Wledig ymherod Rufain, o Elen verch Euda. 17. Gwrie o Benstrued a Gallgo, a Kynnais, a Ysdig, a Kyveiliog, plant Kaw, o Brydain. 22. Silwen, verch Geraint, vab Erbyn. 23. Sliav, o'r Eliaw Keimad vab Alhwii dhu, vab Kynyu, vab Esbrwys, vab Kadrod Kalch vynydh, o Wen verch Dewdwi- Mawr. 24. Rydegawg ap Karchclydais, ap Ysbuys, ap Kadrod Kalch Vynydd. ' Allan o ysgrifau Harl. yn y llyfrgell Brydeinaidd, 4181. " Yr ysgrif hon oedd ym meddiant John Lewis, Ysw. o Llynweny, yn sir Faesyfed, o ddeutu amser y Frenhines Elsbeth. ■' Felly yn yr ysgrif. 270 ACHAU Y SAINT. 25. Garmon ap Rydigus yii oes Gurtheym Gwrthenau, y doeth i'r ynys hon, ag o Fraink i'r lianodh e. 26. Melyd, esgob Llyndain, gwr o wlad Rufain. 27. Eilunwy a Dyrdaw, saint Brydain, plant Helig, val) Glanawg. 29. Idaw vab Gwrgu. 30. Sant Fred verch Duthach AVyddel. 31. Pawl vab Pawlpolins. 32. Pedwg, vab Klenais, yarll Kerniw. 33. Jestin ap Geraint, ap Erbyn, ap Kestenin. 34. Gumerth sant, ap LlijTielin, ap Trallwng. 35. Dyfnawg sant, ap Medrawd, ap Kawrdaf, ap Kradoo Vraichvras, ap Ujv JNIerini. S6. Kollen ap Gwynawg, ap Koledawg, ap Kawrdaf, aj) Kradoc Vraichvras, o Erthin Wyddeles y vam. 37. Dona yn graff y hoed ym Mon, ap Selyf, ap Kyiiin gur- wyn, ap Brochwel Yskithrog. 38. Eluog sant, ap Tydklyd, o Gaer Gybi. 39. Saeran yn Lhanynys yn YfRyn Klwyd. 40. Kjaihafall sant yn YiFryn Klwyd. 41. Oswalt, ap Oswe Adlwyn, ap Edelradd Vrenin. 42. Eda elyn vawr, ap Gwynber dorchawg, ap Mug, ap Mawr drefydh, ap Alia, ap Gyllell vawr, a gwr ym- laddodh ag Arthur yngwaith Modred. 43. Brychan, ap Korinawg, vrenin Iwerdhon, a Marchell verch Dewdrig ap Dydhffleeh, ap Deithin, ap Tythall. ap Anen dhu, oren groeg i vam. 44. Gwaurdhydh, verch Vrychau, yn Towyn. 4.5. Tydew, verch Vrychan y manaw. 46. Elyned, verch Vrychan yng rug Gorawal. 47. Kederig, verch Vrychan. 48. Gwen, verch Vrychan yn Talgarth. 49. Kenedlon, verch Vrychan ym mynydh Kymortli. 50. Glydav, verch Vrynach yn Emlyn. 51. Keinwen, verch Vrynach, a 52 Dwynwen y Mon. 53. Tadwystl, verch Vrynach. 54. Gwladys, verch Vrynach, mam Gatwg sant, ap Gwyn- lliw, ap Glwys. ACHAU Y SAINT. 271 55. Ariaiiwen, vercli Vrychan, gwraig lorwerth liir Flaidh, neu hir Flawdli. 56. Tydwall, vercli Vrychan, gwraig Kyngen aj) Kadell Deyi-nllyg, mam Brochwel Ysgithrog. 57. Gawr, verch Vrychan, gwraig Elidr lydanAvyn. 58. Gwenvrewi, gwraig Kadrod Kalchvynydh. 59. Elerw, verch Vrychan gwraig Keredig, ap Kynedda Wledig, mam Sant tad Dewi. 60. Kededr sant, sant Gohiy verch Vrychan, yn lihan lestyn y vam. 62. Kynvran, Kynbryd, a Dwynwen, plant Brychan Bry- cheiniog. 65. Tydwen, Edwen, Gwenrnw, merched Brychan Bry- cheiniog, Tair gwragedh y fn y Vrychan, Enrbrawst, a Ryb- rawst, a Faestre. Tair gwelygorth Sant ynys Brydain, plant Brychan, plant Kunedda Wledig, a plant Kaw o Brydain. 69. Ascun Buelld ap Kedig, ap Karedig, ap Kynedda Wledig, a Degoedd verch Degid voel, o Benlhyn y vam. 70. Edyrn ap Nudh, ap Beli, ap Ryn, ap Maelgwyn Gwy- nedh, ap Kadwallon Law hir, ap Einion Yrth, ap Kunedda Wledig. 71. Lhydhelyn o'r Trallwng, ap Blendhyd, ap Tegonwy, ap Teon, ap Gwineu dau weudhwyd. 72. Tyfrydawg, a Drer, a Thyrnawg, a Thydyr, meibion Arustl gloíF, a Marchell y chwaer hwy oedh o Dhi- wanedh, verch Amlad Wledig y vam. 76. Keidaw ap Ynyr Went, a Madryn verch Ynyr brenin ynys Brydein y vam. 77. Noydaw a Predyr gwynog, meibion Gildas ap Kaw o Brydain. 79. Henwau y saith gefnder gwynvydedig Weithian. — Beuno vab Insi — ^Ivawrda, vab Kriadog, Deiniol vab Dynawd uawr, Seiriol, vab Owen Damwyn, Dewi vab Sant, Kybi vab SelifF. YIII. DE BRACHAN BRECHEINIAUC, ET COGNATIONE EJUS; EXCERPTUM EX ANTIQUO CHYROGRAPHO CIRCITER ANNUM 900. ^^rtfljfniailC primum a Brachano nomen accepit. In ini- ■^^ tio temporum erat Theuderic regionis ; qui quondam venit in Garthmatrun; indeque peiTexit cum ducibus et senioribus, nee non et omni familia sua abut ad Brancoyn juxta Lannmaies. Teuderic yero dixit ad March el, filiam suam, " Algoris vis apprime vos affligit ; quamobrem ope- ra precium est, quatinus pelliceam vestem, nate mea, con- quiramus, ne ipsa fi-igoris asperitate gravetur ; transmittam enim earn in Hiberniam cum trecentis hominibus, ad Aulac filium Coronac, regem illius patrie, que sibi maritetur." Profecta est igitur Marcbel cum trecentis hominibus in Lansevinin, ibidemque prima nocte per frigoris gravedinem, centum homines mortui sunt. Secunda vero nocte venit in Metbrun ; illoque totidem quo superius expiravenint. Ter- cia quidem nocte descendit in Portmaur, in loco scilicet apriciori. Deinceps autem cum centum viris sibi rclictis ad Hiberniam transfretavit, et ad Aulac regem ejusdem pa- trio cum suis incolumis pervenit. Qui cum magno tripu- dio, et letitia illam suscipiens in legitimam conjugem ean- ' ICx Cott. Lib. Mus. Vesp. A. XIV. Titulus in MS. De situ Bhecuenuuc. DE BRACHAN BRECHEINIAUC 273 dem sibi desponsavit; illi jurandum prebens si eidem filium peperisset; cum eadem Britanniam remearet, ne videlicet puer patrio regno Britaiinie privaretur. Idem vero Aulach dedit duodecim cubiculariis suis, sive pedissequiis, juxta dignitatem natalium suomm. Postea vero Marchel peperit filium, vocavitque eum Brachan. Regressus est ergo Aulach cum Marchel regina, et Brachan puero, et ducibus subscriptis, Kerniol, et alio Fernach inde dicit Emfernach, Tercio, Lathmilich, inde di- citur Mainaur oper Birnich. Quarto, Lounoie. Natus est Brachan in Benni ; directusque est ad Drichan, inde dici- tur Din Drichan. Ipse autem Drichan educavit Brachan; inde dicitur Brachan Brecheiniauc cum quatuor annos eta- tis haberet. In septimo vero anno dixit Drichan ad Bra- chan, " Affer mihi lanceam meam ad me." Drichan autem in fine etatis sue, cecus factus est. Et dum idem vigilans jacuisset, quidam aper venit de silva, stetitque juxta ripam fluminis Ischir; cervusque retrorsum erat in flumine, nee non subvenire cervi piscis erat, que tum portendebant Bra- chan opulentie copia felicem futurum. Adhucetiam fagus secus fluminis prsedicti litus stabat, in quo mellificabant apes. Dixitque Drichan alumpno suo Brachan, " Ecce banc arbo- rem de apibus et melle, auro quoque et argento plenam, do tibi, et gratia Dei ejusque dilectio tecum maneat semper hie, et in futuro. Postea vero Aulach dedit filium suum Brachan regi Powis obsidem. Deinceps vero successu temporis, Brachan oppressit filiam Benadel. Ilia autem pregnans genuit filium nomine Kynauc, qui devectus ad castra, baptizatus est. Quo facto, Brachan accepta armilla a brachio suo dedit illam Kynauc filio suo. Iste sanctus Kynauc Celebris est valde in propria sua Brecheniauc. Ipsaque armilla usque in pre- sens perpreciosis reliquiis in predicta provincia servatur. Hec est genealogia sancti Kynauc filii Brachan, Bra- chan filius Marchel, Marchel filia Tewderic, Teuderic filius Teudfall, Teudfall filius Tender, Teuder filius Teudfal, Teud- fal filius Annhun rex Grecorum. 274 DE BRACHAN BRECHEINIAUC. Hec sunt nomina filiorum Brachan de Brecheniauc. 1. Rein filius Braclum. 2. Clytuin filius Brachan, qui invasit totam terram Sudgwallise ; Clydouc sanctus ct Dedyu sanctus filii illins Clytguin. 3. Arthen filius Braclian. 4. Papay, filius Brachan. 5. Kynon, filius Brachan, qui sanc- tus erat in occidentali parte predicte manie. 6. Dingat fi- lius Brachau. 7. Pasclien filius Brachan. 8. Chybliuer filius Brachan, inde dicitur JMerthyr Chebliuer. 9. Berwin filius Brachan, in Cornwallia. 10. Rydoc vel Judoc filius Brachan in Francia, inde dicitur Ton Ridoch de vent Windourth. De filiabus Brachan. 1. Gladus filia Brachan, mater sancti Cadoci. 2. Tudeuel filia Brachan mater Merthir Enivel. 3. Goleu filia Brachan, in Lan eschin. 4. Hynyd filia Brachan, que jacet sub petra Melthreu, que fuit uxor Tudual flavi mater Cuin cof. 5. Tudhistil filia Brachan, iude dicitur Merthir Tudhistil. 6. Tibyei filia Brachan, in Cantre bychan. 7. Kebinagyr filia Brachan, mater sancti Kenider de Glesbyri. 8. Meleri filia Brachan, uxor Kare- dic, et mater Sant ; Sant autem pater fuit David. 9. Tut- glid filia Brachan uxor Kenken filii Kenwaur. 10. Cadea- thuc, mater Cadcl, et Brochuael Schitravc et mater Jeuab, et mater JVIugh, et mater Sanans ; que Sauans fuit uxor Mahelgun, regis Nordwalie. 11. Aran wen filia Brachan in Powys, uxor Gerenerth regis de Powys, inde dicitur Joru- erdiaun. 12. Beithan filia Brachan in Mannia. 13. Luan filia Brachan, mater Aithen Bradoc. 14. Kerdych filia Brachan, a gorwed yn Nhyvvyn ym Meirion. 15. Nyneir filia Brachan uxor Konvar cul filii Meirchiawn, mater Urien, mater Cuerdelid, mater Estedich uxor Elidur Gos- cordd vawr, et mater Gurgi et Peredur, mater Elidir cos- coruaur. 16. Guaur filia Brachan, uxor Ledanwen, et mater Loarch hen. 17. Gurycon Godheu, filia Brachan, uxor Cathraut calchuynid. 18. JNlarchel filia Brachau, uxor Gurind barmberuch de Merionyth. 19. Guen filia Brachan, in Talgarth. 20. Belyau filia Brachan. 21. Cili- veth filia Brachan ygryge gors auail. 22. Rein filia Bra- DE BRACHAN BRECHEINIAUC. 275 chan ytlirauit ogmor kedeytlion, — 23. Filia Brachan in y minid cheunot in Kedweli. 24. Clydei filia Brachan est in Emelin. 25. Dewyn filia Brachan est in Monia Anglis. 26. Ilud filia Brachan. Sepnlchrum Brachan est in insula que vocata Enysbra- chan, que est juxta' JNIanniam. Sepulchrum Rein, filii Bro- chan, in Landevailac. Sepulchrum Kinauc merthir in Bre- cheniauc. Sepulchrum Aulach, ante hostium ecclesie de Lanespetit. Tres uxores habuit Brachan, Praust, scilicet, et Ribrawst, et Roistri. Hec est progenies Keredic regis de Keredigaun, — 1. Devvi filius Sant, Sant filii Keredic filii Cuneda. 2. Auan buelh filius Kedic filii ejusdem Keredic. 3. Pedyr Lan- waur filius Corin, filii Keredic. 4. Kenider Gell filius Ky- non, filii Keredic. 5. Gunlyu filius Guaur, filii Keredic. 6. Gwyncledyburdh fil Lauch, fil Lucho fil Kedich, filii Keredic. 7. Ina filia Keredic. 8. Karanone fil Keredic. 9. Dyuennen fil Anhun filii Ker. 10. Keneu sanctus, filius Corun, fil Keredic. 11. Gugan filius Samson filii Keredic. 12. Dogmael sanctus filius Ithaeil filii Keredic. 13. Tydiuc sanctus, filius Corun, filii Keredic. IX. €m\\mu Ciirig M^ì\t Yr Emyn Cyntaf. fn enw, ac yn anrliydedd ein Arglwydd lesu Crist, a'r Ian Wyryf, a'r glan Curig fertliyr, a Ddwlitta ei fam ef, a lioll saint nef, a'r santessau, a'n rhyddhao ni Arglwydd lesu Grist lieddyw, a heno, a phob amser a'n noddo, ac a hamddiffyno ni rhag holl brofedigaetbau cytbreuliaid, a phob rhyw drwg, a pherigl, a cholled enaid a chorff, ac a gadwo yn dda rhag traws, a lladrad, ac afles, ac echrys dy- syfid, nid amgen, yn tan a dwr, ac ymladd, a'n diwallo ninnau oil o'n cyfreidiau enaid a choriF. Amen. Yr ail Emyn. Crist yn Arglwydd a deyrnassa; Crist a orfydd, Crist drwy haeddedigaethau y glan Curig ferthyr a Ddwlitta ei fam ef, a holl Saint nef, a'u Santessau a'n rhyddao ni, a'n cadwo rhag pob rhyw drwg enaid a chorff. Amen. Y TRYDYDD EmYN. Y glan Curig ferthyr cglui-ddoeth, fu ef o'i febyd ; yr hwn oedd ferthyr, a chall digreulon, a dysgwr nefolion bethau, ac a wyrthwynebodd i orchymyn creulon brenhin Alexander, ' Allan o Ysgrifau y Parch. Howel W. Lloyd. EMYNAU CURIG FKRTIIYR. "In ac a fwriodd oddiwrth arglwyddiawl fuchedd, o bur galon a doethter y gwr perffaitli. Ni fynnodd orweigion bethau y byd hwn, namyn bod iddo ef llawenedigaethaii Paradwys, ac ef a ddioddefawdd i'r triawl Dduw, ac uu Arglwydd caled erlyniaeth gospau dynion, ac o'r cariad ar Grist frenin, ef a gymerth tanol boeii ar ei gorph, a'i freicliiau, a than gredi i'r Drindod ef a dylyai grcdu a gweddio Dduw, fegys y gallai íFyddlonion Duw ochel yr uffernolion boenau, a chael lawenydd teyrnas nef iV heneidiau o eiriau, a ffydd Gatho- lic, ni'ch gwplach no Christ y merthyr hwnw, wrth hynny y galwn ninuau yn sanctaidd ar y wyry Gurig y'n gyn- horthwy yn y nef, megis o'i adolwg ef y caftbm, ac yr haeddom yr egluraf obrvvy, yr hwn a ddywedir idd ei gaffael gyda bydinoedd o engylion yn oes oesoedd. Amen. Y PEDWERYDD EmYN. Arglwydd lesu Grist, dalla ein Gwrthwynebwyr ni, a'n cyhuddwyi-, a'n drwgweitliredwyr, nid anigen, y bleidiau, a'r llewod, a'r cythreuliaid, a'r lladron, yn y modd y dellaist drwgweithredwyr dy weision di, Abraham, ac Isaac, ac lacob, yn enw y sanctaidd Curig ferthyr a Ddwlitta ei fani ef, a holl Saint nef, a'i Santessau. Amen. Y PUMMED Emyn. Arglwydd lesu Grist, amlha ein da, a cliadAv ni rhag pob drwg, fal yr amlheiaist i'th weision Abraham, ac Isaac, ac lacob, yn enw y sanctaidd Curig ferthyi- a Ddwlitta ei fam ef, a holl Saint nef, a'r Santessau. Amen. Y CHWECHFED EmYN. Arglwydd lesu Grist, dilea ein holl drygioni a'n holl pechodau marwol, y rliain y buom ynddynt o'r blaen, a'r rliain yr ydym ynddynt yr awr hon; dilea aunog y cythraul oddiwrthym, ac oddiwrth ein dynion a'n da, yn enw y sanctaidd Curig ferthyr, a Ddwlitta, ei fam ef, a holl Saint nef, a'i Santessau. Amen. X. ^ nnO> Mo.cc.xxx. ante nativitatem Christi venit Bru- -^■^' TtiS \mmo cum progenie sua de reliquis Trojan- orum, ad istam insulam, tunc temporis Albion vocatuni; infra quam gigantes habitabant, et postea dicti gigan- tibus per eum debellatis interfectis et abjectis, obtinuit totam insulam in pace, cum suis posteris, datum est ei nomen a suo cognomine, Britannia. Et in ea fecit edificare magnam civitatem super flumen Tamesie, quam vocaverunt Nova Troja, in recompensacione civitatis magne Troje, quam patres eorum prius diris et duris aíFeccionibus perdi- derant ; et postea vocata fuerat per multa tempora civitas Trinouantum per corrupcionem, usque ad quendam regem Britonum, vocatum Lud, filium Hely, qui renovavit muros dicte civitatis, et venerabilibus turribus eam circumcinxit; unde nominata fuit postmodum de cognomine suo Kair Llud, deinde per corrupcionem nominis Kaerlundein; suc- cedente quoque tempore per commutacionem linguarum Londone. Anno c.L.vi. post nativitatem Domini, Lucius rex Britonum videns et audiens miracula que tirones Christi per diversas naciones faciebant, epistolas suas Eleutlierio direxit, petens ut ab eo Christianitatem reciperet, cui bea- tus pontifex, comperta illius devocione, duos religiosos doctores Faganum et Diwanum misit, qui Christi incarna- cionem predicaverunt, abluerunt eum sacro fonte, et ad Chris- ' Ex Cott. Lib. Brit. Mus. Titas D. XXH. EPITOME HISTORIiE BRITANNIiE. 279 turn converterunt. Nee mora concurrentes undique naci- ones Britonum exemplum regis insecuntur, eodemque lavacro mundati sunt. Anno incarnacionis Domini cccc.xl.vi. regnavit heresis Pelegiana, per quendam magnum clericum, nomine Pe- lagium, inter Britones suscitata, qui quidem suis diversis et falsis opinionibus totam gentem Britannicam a secta vere fidei, quam prius acceperat ab Eleutherio, tempore Lucii, filii Coel regis Britonum, fere subvertit, dicens inter cetera, hominem posse benefacere sine Dei gracia, contra illud dic- tum dominicum, " Sine me nichil potestis facere." De Prima Construccione et Edificacione Ecclesie Landaevnsis. Anno incarnacionis Domini cccc.xl.viii, missi fnerant duo venerandi viri, Germanus Altissiodorensis episcopus, et Lupus Tricassive civitatis, a partibus Gallie in Britanniam, ad dictam heresim extirpandam et confundendam, que dic- torum virorum disputacionibus et predicacionibus omnino deleta et destructa. Preceperunt assensu et consensu Mouricii filii Teudrici tunc regis Morgannuc, edificare et de novo construere unam sedem metropolitanam, super situm in honorem apostolorum Petri et Pauli. Post completum opus, dictus rex eam diversis territoriis, privilegiis, et redditibus lionorifice dotavit, sicut in Graifo Sancti Thelyai plenarie reperitur ; et in eam, dicti religiosi viri Dubricium virum sanctum, et famosum doctorem, eciam archeipiscopum et dextralis Britannie primatem consecrave- runt. Anno incarnacionis Domini cccc.xl.viii. tempore Forti- gerni, tunc regis Britannie, prophetavit Merlinus mul- tas inauditas tribulaciones, et futuras desolaciones regibus et regno Britannie; prophetavit enim dictum populum Britannicum per externas degeneres naciones, a nobilitate sua pro tempore fore depositurum, et iterum in fine tempo- rum relevaturum. Iste vates ex filia regis sanctimoniali de incubo spiritu natus fuit, inter monaclias in ecclesia sancti Petri in urbe 280 EPITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIA. Kaermerdin, que asseiiiit se nunquam vinim cognosse, sed quidam in specie pulcherrima ipsam fi-equenter deosculans et amplecteus gravidam reliquit et evanuit. Anno incarnacionis Domini ccc.xL.ix. venit Hengis- tus dux Saxonum, una cum fratre sue Ilorsa, prime ad Bri- tanniam, cumtrecentis navibus annata manu repletis, tempo- re Fortigerni, nephandi regis Britonum, qui sua prodicione fe- cit interficere Constantem regem suum, et diadema regni capiti suo imponere. Dictus Fortigernus, tanta inquieta- cione et timore Aurelii Ambrossii et fratris sni Utlmr Pen- dragon, qui INIinorem Britanniam propter ipsum diíFugerant, associavit sibi Saxones, et filiani Hengisti ducit in uxoreni, et patri puelle provinciam Cancie dedit. Quod cum Bri- tones vidissent quod Hengistus invitabat paulatim naves, et numerum suum cotidie augebat, timuerunt prodicionem eorum, congressi sunt cum Saxonibus, et eos a finibus regni sepius verterunt in fugam ; et quot vicibus exi)ulsi fuerant Saxones a Britannia, tot vicibus forciores quam prius reversi sunt ad Britanniam. Et quod cum Hengistus tantam inquie- tacionem senciebat, cogitavit quid contra id agendum esset. Petebat ut rex et principes sui diem et locum nominassent, quo pariter convenient, et ex voluntate sua disposuissent, ut quos ex tanto numero in regno suo retinuissent, et quos refutandos censerent in Germaniam sine delacione redire permitterent. Talia ut Britonibus nunciata fuerant placu- erunt eis vehementer, diem et locum juxta cenobium Am- bri, id est Stonhenge ordinaverunt, ut ibidem predicta sta- tuerentur. Iste Hengistus proditor pacem proferebat ore, quam in pcctore non habebat; quare fraude sua precepit commilitonibus suis, quod singuli in die statuto cul- trum infra caligas suas liaberent absconditum, et cum nobi- liores Britonum ad diem prefatum astarent congregati, et eis immixti essent, dedit eis hoc signum quod cum vocife- raret hunc scrmonem. Draw your Sexis, unusquisque cul- tiTim suum traheret, et proximorem Britonem astantem in- tertìceret ; et sic ea, que per nephandum proditorem habu- crunt ex precepto, per nephandos sequaces miserabiliter complcta orant de facto. Nam illo die circiter quadringin- EFITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIA. 281 tos octoginta inter barones et consules jugulaverunt; omnes enim sine arrais advenerant, nee aliud nisi de pace trac- tanda estimabant. Anno incarnacionis Domini D. et vi. Dubricius archie- piscopus Landavensis, coronavit Arthurum regem famo- sissimum in civitate Circestrie, anno etatis sue xvo. Et postquam fama largitatis ac probitatis illius per extremes mundi cardines divulgata esset, ac sibi diversas naciones diris preliis et fatigacionibus subjugasset, Archiepiscopos episcopos reges principes et duces sibi subditos, ad Urbem Legionum unanimiter fecit convocare, et ibidem magnam festivitatem Pentecostes venerabiliter celebrare, quibus ac- cersitis et completis, vocantur cuncti, qui ei propter hono- res obsequium prestabant, singulos singulis possessionibus honorifice dotavit, et sic licencia petita et obtenta omnes et singuli ad propria cum gaudio remearunt. Dubricius vero senciens se senio gravatum, salutatis fratri- bus sese ab archiepiscopali sede deposuit, quandam insulam infra mare Hibernicum sitam, que distat a terra per quinque miliaria, Cambrice vocata Enys Enlli. Anglicevero Bardesei, infi-a quam viginti millia corpora sanctorum sunt bumata, ibique in vigiliis, jejuniis, et oracionibus, usque ad extremum diem vite sue, heremiticam vitam duxit, et post vite hujus cursuni, ibidem honorifice sepultus et inter sanctos primo connumeratus. D.c.xii. anno incarnacionis Domini migravit ad Domi- num; et Mo.c.xxo. anno translatus est ab insula Enlli per Urbanum Landavensem episcopum, ad ecclesiam suam Landavensem x. kalendorura mensis Junii. Post vero dictum Dubricivmi, illustris sacerdos Thelyaus in pastorem et episcopum ecclcsie Landavensis est sublima- tus, cujus mores et actus laudabiles reddunt historie. Postquam vero inclitus Arthurus regnavit xxvi annis, et diversas partes nacionum sibi subjugasset, senciens se in quodam congressu inter ipsum et Modredum nepotem suum nepbandum proditorem, letaliter vulneratum, deposuit se a regimine, et Constantino cognato suo filio Kadoris, ducis Cornubie, diadema regni concessit, et in insulam Aval- 282 EPITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIA. lonis, id est Glastynburi, ad sanandum vulnera est progresus; de cujus obitu et sepultura certum iion referunt hystorie. Post dictum Constautinum, regnavit Aurelius Conanus. Post Aurelium, Vortiporius. Post Vortiporium, Mailgo. Post JMailgo Kereticus. Iste Kareticus fuit civium bellorum amator, Deo et Britonibus odibilis, cujus inconstancia com- perientes Saxones, misenuit post Gormundum, filium regis Aflfricanorum, tunc in Hiberniam existentem, qui cum c.xl. militibus ad Britanniam transfretavit, et regem Kareticum divicit, et fugavit usque in civitatem Circestriam, et in earn trusit et obsedit; et ibi per diuturna tempera civitatem de- bellavit, sed nichil profuit, nam civitas erat fortissimis muris circumcincta, et viris arte bellicosa edoctis munita, resiste- bant eis, et semetipsos viriliter defendebant. Rex Gormun- dus videns quod nichil ei proficiebat, ymaginavit unam subti- litatem que hec erat. Passeres qui de nocte quiescebant in domiciliis et tectis domorum civitatis, et de die volabant ex- tra civitatem ad susteutacionem perquirendamjussitut cape- rentur, et ei vivos presentare. Quod cum factum fnerat, fecit ad caudam uniuscujusque illorum ignem ligare. et in crepus- culo noctis eos dimisit liberos ad solita remeare, quod cum intraverunt tecta et domicilia, ubi solebant quiescere, ante mediam noctem igne quem secum asportaverunt totam civitatem succenderunt. Capta tandem j^redicta civitate, er succensa, Gormundus commisit prelium cum Karetico, et fugavit eum ultra Sabrinam in Cambriam, deinde amiser- unt Britones diadema regni et monarchia multis temporibus. Post Kareticum regnavit Cadvanus. Post Cadvanum, Cadwalanus. Tem])ore vero Cadwalani fuerunt tanta karistia tante pentilcntie, tanta fames invalescebant, quod magnates mutuo se amplexantes, submerserunt se in aquis. Cui dic- tum est in voce per angelum, quod filius ejus expelleret se ipsum de regno, et quod moriturus erat Rome, et quod debcret numerari in cathalogo sanctorum. Qui quidem rex quesivit causam tauti mali in regno suo; cui respondens angelus dicens, " Necligencia prelatorum, rapina potentium, cubiditas judicum, detestanda luxuria, rabies perjuriorum, inordinatus cultus vestimentorum." KPITOME HISTORI-S: BRITANNIA. 283 Post eum regnavit Kadwaladms filius suus. Iste vero Kadwaladrus, cognomine Benedictus, regnavit modico tem- pore, qui tarn propter mortalitatem que populum suum fere devastabat, quam propter diversas persecuciones, quas paci- ebatur assidue per barbaricos Saxones, reliquit regnum suum et Minorem Britanniam peeiit. Ibique post intervallum tem- poris, congregavit magnum excercitum ut rediret, et expel- leret externas naciones a regno suo, cui nunciatum est per angelum ut a proposito suo desisteret. Nolebat enim Deus Bri tones in insula Britanie diucius regnare, antequam tem- pus venisset quod Merlinus Arthuro prophetaverat. Pre- cepit illi et ut Romam ad Sergium papam iret, ut ibi peracta penitencia inter beatos annumeretur. Dicobat populum etiam Britannicum per meritum fidei sue insulam in futuro adepturum. Tunc Kadwaladrus abjectis mundialibus prop- ter Deum, venit Romani, et ibi a Sergio confirmatus, inopino et languore correptus est xxii die Kalendarum Male Anno Domini d.c.lxxxix, a contagione carnis solutus, celesti regni aulam ingressus est. Bardi enim Kambrenses istam opinionem quam in libris suis autenticis habent scripta, firmiter tenent quod cum ossa beati Kad- waladri a terra suscitarentur, Britones pristine potestati, quam habuerunt, per promissionem Angeli restaurarentur. Post vero Kadwaladrum reliqui Britonum perdiderunt nomen suum ; jam non vocabantur Britones, sed Wallen- ses ; tantam inquietacionem paciebantur per barbaricos Sax- ones, quod non potuerunt eis resistere, et sic debilitati pe- cierunt Kambriam, modo Walliam, et ibi per multa tempora regnabant per principes generis sui. Regebant enim om- nes per unum principem solum usque ad tempus Rodri Vawr, id est Rodrici magni. Iste Rodricus magnus regebat totam Walliam tempore suo. Post cujus obitum tres filii sui, videlicet Merthwynus, Anarawd, et Cadell, diviserunt inter se totam Walliam in tres principatus, Merthvi^yno principatum Gwyneth, id est Northwalliam, Anarawd principatum Powysie, Cadell princi- patum Delieubarth, id est Suth Wallia. Unusquisque is- 284 EPITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIjE. torum, cum posteris suis, regebat partem suam ut princeps per multos annos. Et postqiiam plures anni essent devoluti iste clue partes, ■videlicet Powysia et Sothwallia perdiderunt nomeu princi- pis et principatus. Cadell vero regebat portionem suam cum genere suo, usque ad tempus Rees vap Gruffuth, vap Rees vap Teudwr; cujus generacio est hec. Rees vap GrufFuth, vap Rees, vap Teudwr, vap Cadell, vap Eneas, vap Owein, vap Howel dda, vap Cadell, vap Rodri Vawr, vap Meruiu brenin JNIanaw. A Rodrico magno recitatur genealogia principum usque Beatam Virginem, ut in libris autenticis Bardorum Kam- brencium plenarie reperitur. Et a Beata Virgine usque ad Eneas yscoytliwyu, ab Eneas usque ad linealiter producant. Postquam vero iste due partes, videlicet Powysia et Suthwallia, ut dictum est supra, perdiderunt nomen princi- pis sui et principatus, princeps Northwallie reassumpsit to- tum integrum nomen totius Wallie, et principatus ; quo deinceps gaudebat, cum posteris suis usque ad LeAvelinum principem, vap GrufFuth, vap Llewelin, vap loruerth droyn- don. Tempore vero istius Lewelini, orta est magna discordia inter ipsum et Edwardum, regem Anglie dictum Longe- schankys, qui ei diu mortaliter invidebat, propter quod con- gi-egavit exercitum et ingressus est Walliam cum multitu- dine gi-avi gentem et patriam igne et gladio crudeliter de- vastabat; — quod cum Wallenses tantam persecucionem senciebant, sumptis viribus viriliter congressi sunt cum eis, et ex eis tam armatorum quam peditum per mortem exter- minaverunt ; sed nicbil eis in fine profuit. Nam de nocte }Tnaginata fraude Lcvvelinus, princeps suus, captus fuit per Rogeram de mortuomari affinem suum, et per eum inter- fectus et decollatus. Post cujus mortem nullum hucusque habuerunt principem de genere suo. Anno Domini m.cc.lxxxii interfectus est dictus Le- ■welinus princeps Wallie; de cujus morte territi sunt Wallenses ultra modum, et tiu-bati reddiderunt regi Anglie omnia castra Norwallie, una cum porciuncula crucis domi- EPITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIA. 285 nice Kambrice vero dicta Croes Neide, cum multis aliis famosis reliquiis. Reddiderunt eciam coronam famocissimi Artliuri quondam regis Brittanie, et sic gloria Wallie et Wallensium, Regibus et magnatibus Anglie translata est . In sequenti vero anno captus est David frater dicti Lewe- lini, et apud Amoythic, id est Schorrysburi, tractus decola- tus et trucidatus. Anno Domini M.cc. nonagesimo vi fuit gwerra Morgani vap Meredutli, Cambrice vero Revel Vorgan, in qua omnes Wallenses universaliter surrexerunt, et fuit eis valde utilis. Anno Domini m.ccc.xv. fuit gwerra Lewelini Bren inter ipsum et Glamorganenses suscitata, que fuit particu- laris, et non duravit nisi per ix Septimanas. Anno domini M.ccc.xxi. fuit gwen-a Baronum, Cam- brice vero dicta Ryvel y barvvneid. Anno Domini M.ccc.xx.vii. fuit gwerra regine, Cam- brice vero dicta Ryvel y vrenines, in qua captus fuit Ed- wardus rex, cognomine Kairnarvon, cum Hugone de spenser, et aliis multis magnatibus apud Lantressen in Meiskyn, qui ducti fuerant per diversas partes Anglie, et ibidem ex- termiuati. Anno domini m.ccc.xl.viii. magna pestilencia incepit primo regnare inter Wallicos, per quam estimabant duas jiartes hominum fore exterminatas. Anno Domini m.ccc.lxi. fuit secunda pestilencia que non fuit ita vindicabilis sicut et prima. Eodem vero anno fuit ventus validus et inauditus, qui flatu suo innumerabilia campanaria ecclesiarum, cruces petri- nas, et alias in quadriviis et bivis serutatas, ad terram pro- stravit, domes evertit, silvas et nemora a radice mirabiliter evulsit; unde versus, Centum ter erant mille Sex decies unus et ille, Luce tua, Maure, Vehemens fuit impetus aure. Anno Domini m.ccc.lxx. fuit tertia pestilencia. Anno Domini M.ccc.Lxxv. fuit quarta pestilencia. 286 EPITOME HISTORIC BRITANNIA. Ab origine mundi usque ad tempus diluvii, anni mm. cc.XLii. computantur, in quo diluvio omnis creatura lio- minum ultione divina submersa fuerat propter peccata, octo persouis tantum exceptis, Noe cum uxore sua, et tribus filiis suis, videlicet, Scm, Cam, et lapbet, cum uxoribus suis ; ex quilius, ab bine usque ad bunc diem, omnes creature homini progenite sunt, et progresse. Post mortem vero Noe, tres dicti fibi diviserunt inter se universum orbem, videbcet, Sem Asiam, Cam AfFricam, Japbet Europam, Infra priniam partem, que dicitur Asia, continentur xv provincie, Yidelicet India, Acbaia, Partbia, SjTÌa, Percia, Äledia, Älesopotamia, Capadocia, Palestinus, Armenia, Ci- licia, Caklea, Suria, Egyptus, Libia. Infra secundam partem, que dicitur Affrica, sunt xii pro- vincie, videbcet Lidias, Cirini, Pentapolis, Ethiopia, Tripoli- tana, Bipbannia, Getulia, Nataliria, Numedia, Samaria, Sirtes majores et minores. Infra terciam partem, que dicitur Europa, sunt xiii pro- vincie, videlicet Roma, Calabria, Ilyspania, Almannia, JMacedonia, Fracea, Pannonea, Colonia, Gallia, Aquitania, Britannia major, Hybernia, Aquilonarii .infra oceanum ; et sic dilataverunt terminos sues in tres partes, quia tot fra- tres erant. Item a diluvio usque ad nativitatem Christi sunt anni MM.D.ccc.Lviii. a nativitate Cbristi usque ad annum, in quo modo sumus, sunt m.cccc.xxxix. Ab origine mundi usque ad istum annum, in quo nunc sumus, singulis annis compu- tatis, sunt anni in toto Sexies milleni d.c.xxix. Hector, Al- ex. Julius, Josue, David, Macbabeus, Arthurus, Karolus, et precellcns Godofridus; isti sunt ter tres trine secte meliores. Septcm millenis trecentis et tribus annis, et decies deni post partum Virginis alme, tunc Anticbristus regnabit de- mone plenus. Anno Domini mlxxxi. edificata fuit villa de Kerdyf sub Willielmo, rcge Anfflie. Cngfolj Ŵríiiifíktî0n unit 3íúw. '% %'é nf It. Ijnjnnrji. HERE BEGINS THE LIFE OF ST. BRYNACH, A CONFESSOR. ^i;e Lord chose to himself from the sons of Israel, a man ^^ near his own heart, named Brynach,^ who was adorned with elegant manners, and distinguished for remarkable virtues ; for he made a vow to the God of Jacob, which he observed inviolably to the last. Embracing the name of his God from his mother's breasts, and not disregarding his commands, he preferred a humble state of life in his own house to enjoying a more distinguished one in the palaces of jirinces. Deducing his origin from an illustrious stock of progenitors, meritoriously obtaining no small share of repu- tation, being much enriched with wealth with which the minds of wordly persons are accustomed to be allured, and having hereditary landed property, and also the pleasing society of parents, he would not be captivated either by ^ Bi7nach lived about the middle of the fifth century, and was the spiritual instructor of Brjch.an Prince of Brecknock. He is called in the Welsh Triads, Brjnach Wyddel, or Brynach the Irishman, and is said to have married one of the daughters of Brychan, named Corth, or Cymorth, who lived in Emlyn, a district partly in the county of Car- marthen, and partly in that of Pembroke, by whom he had one son Gerwyn, and three daughters, Mwynwen, Gwennan, and Gwenlliw. He is considered to have been the founder of the churches of Llanfrynach. Brecknockshire, Llanfrynach, alias Penlin, Gla- morganshire, and Llanfemach, Dinas, and Nevern in Pembrokeshire, as they are dedica- ted to him. It may also be infen-ed from the analogy of similar cases, that the churches of Henry's Moat and Pontfaen, in the neighbourhood of the latter three, which Eoton ascribes to St. Bernard, should be also ascribed to St. Brynach, whose parishes would thus form a continuous endowment, which was afterwards disturbed. He was commemo- rated in the Church on the seventh of the Ides of April, being the day of his decease. — Professor Rees^s Es$aij on the Welsh Saints, p. 150, 150. 290 LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. the fame of reputation, or the delights of riches, or be in- cluded by the laws of patrimonial inheritance. What then, not considering the country of his nativity to be his own, he was desirous, by removing ft-om it, to acquire one for himself, by travelling to obtain another country. Ac- cording to the saying of Christ, and foUomng his example, he expected that by relinquishing all things, all things would be given to him ; he departed, he proceeded travel- ling, and came to the sea, he went on board a ship, and sailed in a prosperous course, God so disposing it, and hav- ing travelled through divers countries, sowing the seeds of the words of Christ, went to Rome. There, with anxious desire, he administered to some persons the doctrines of God, as soon as he was able. At that time, a pestilential beast raged in the country about Rome, which either tore with its bloody jaws all such persons as it saw, or inflicted death on them by its poisonous breath. It likewise tore in pieces the bodies of a great many brute animals to satisfy its fiiry ; and its inbred rage could not by any means be appeased. It caused such fear to the inhabitants, that he accounted himself very fortu- nate, who, by leaving his habitation, and the neighbourhood, Avas able to escape from this dreadful evil. But the holy man, being desirous to relieve the distress of the district, which the multitude of the inhabitants were not able to do, by the sole use of prayer, he prostrated to the earth, and killed the deadly beast. For which, and also other goodly acts, all persons admired the holy man, and continu- ally extolled him with magnificent praises. But the man of God observing that he was become more j)ublicly known than had been usual ; and preferring to please God in se- cret, to whom the secrets of the heart are known, than to obtain favour from the people, who are accustomed to es- teem only outward things, and seeing that so long as he remained at Rome, he would become more publicly known, he accordingly left it privately, as if he had prepared for himself a jilace of residence. LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACII. 291 Then performing a long Journey, and wherever he came, giving an example of goodness to be imitated by all, and travelling towards the western parts of the world, he came to Lesser Britain ; where he remained for many years, and performed important beneficial acts, and great miracles. Sick persons flocked to him for the recovery of the health of their bodies; and those in health went to him that they might receive salutary instructions of heavenly doctrine for the cure of their souls. Britain was congratulated on ac- count of such a man, by whom health was gratuitously given; the holy man who was able to perform such things by the grace of God, for the poor, was congratulated ; but he grieved, and was troubled because flying fame ceased not to make him publicly known. Avoiding that alone as an im- placable monster, he privately and alone came to the sea ; and not finding a ship, he aptly placed a piece of rock on the face of the water, faithfully recollecting that he, who in the desert produced water from a rock, was able to make that rock swim upon the water. The holy man of God be- ing full of faith, committing himself altogether to God, whose way is in the sea, and whose paths are in the deep waters, went on the rock, because he was founded on a firm rock, that is Christ. Because the most high God who governs all things, holds the earth in the palm of his hand, and weighs the mountains, hardened the sea by his power, and having smoothed the surface of the ocean, carried his saint the length of the British sea, and brought him to the port of Milford, in the region of Demetia, on the banks of the river Cleddyf.^ When he had remained there some time serving his God, the ancient enemy of mankind, always forming new contri- vances of mischief, and continually prepared to attack the purity of chastity, vehemently incited the daughter of the nobleman who gave the land to the holy man, to be in ' Cleddau, the name of the Rivers which flow into the sea at Milford Haven, from whence the town of Milford is called in Welsh, Aberdaugleddau, signifying the conflu- ence of two rivers of the name of Cleddau. 292 LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. love Avith him. She therefore, as almost every woman who is invincibly prepared by the devil, and has his ancient ar- mour, and is an ample vessel of malignity, and every crime, endeavoured by every means to inthral the servant of God with her snares of alluring pleasure ; and from the perfor- mance of better things, she endeavoured to allure him to her luxurious habits, she mixed wolfsbane with lustful in- gredients formally prepared, she ceased not to get it for him to drink ; but she prepared the mixture in vain ; the holy servant of God did not thirst for such a cup ; but re- fused it, and as the apostle advised, he avoided the assaults of fornication. For in this conflict, he better fights, who gives way than he who resists; he conquers bravely who bravely flees. The girl, however, setting aside feminine mo- desty, because she could not dispose the finn mind of the holy man to sinful love, turned her love into hatred to- wards him, and was desirous to separate his holy body from his soul. A woman indeed, in rejected love, contrives every evil, and on him, Avhom a little before she had loved, so far as the dividing of the soul from the body, now being inflamed with hatred towards him, she endeavoured to in- flict every kind of death. Because as Seneca, the eminent describer of morals, saith, a Avonian either hates, or loves, there is no medium ; she therefore sent some cruel fellows to pursue the holy man, and fiercely ordered that if they could not bring him back liv- ing, they should not suffer him to depart alive. The wicked men hasten, and proceed blindly to their wicked work; they find him whom they pursued, and first of all allure him Avith fair words to return ; but because he refused to come back with them, one of them stabbed the innocent man, in- flicting a dreadful wound with a lance, and the others rushed forward desirous to kill him, but by the direction of God, some persons who were present assisted and hastened to take the holy man from the hands of the villains. But he who inflicted the wound, being struck by the vengence of (îod, had his whole bodv attacked by winged insects; LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. 293 afterwards he was a long time afflicted with iHness, and want, and at length finished his wretched life with a mise- rable death. The holy servant of God went to a fountain which was near, and getting into the Avater, washed off the blood ; whence unto this day, the fountain is called the Red Fountain ; where also in honour of the holy man, the merciful God bestows many benefits of health to the dis- eased, and without delay, through the mediation of the Lord, they receive the healing of their wounds. Saint Brynach proceeding further, came to a place by the river Gueun,^ which now is called the Stone Bridge ; where fixing his residence, he liberated the place from unclean spirits, which they, wandering every night, and filling it with dreadful outcries and horrid bowlings, had to that day ren- dered uninhabitable. But because Divine Providence had designed that he should not inhabit that spot any long- er, he proceeded further, and came to a certain place on the river Never,^ which is called the Grove of an Ancient Church. And as that place appeared appropriate for men who lived religiously, he and his associates girded them- selves, and taking hatchets, and other tools, for three whole days cut down trees; and what they cut, and in part carried off, they conveyed to the place where they wished the buildings to be erected. Rising to their work on the fourth day, and searching, they could not see any of those things, which they had prepared the preceding three days ; all of which seemed to have been absorbed by the earth, nor could even any trace of them be found : to those who were amazed on beholding this, St. Brynach said, " We should not be astonished at the wonderful works of God, although they appear marvellous, since he who performs them is declared Almighty ; let us therefore humble our- selves under the powerful hand of God, let us fast, let us 1 Gwain, the name of the river at Fishguard, Pembrokeshire, from whence the Welsli name of the town of Abergwain. - An abbreviation of Nan' Hyver ; Hy ver being the name of the river that flo ws through the valley of Nevem, Pembrokeehire, and gives its name to the parish. •I P 294 LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. watch, and pray that the explainer of all things should shew us Avhat these things forebode." Which was accord- ingly done. Therefore on the next night, an angel of the Lord ap- peared to Brynach as he lay down in prayer, and said "This .spot is not to be the place for my habitation, but go on the banks of the river, as far as the rivulet of the holy men, which falls into the river, and proceed by that river and hill until thou seest a white wild sow with young pigs, and there fix for thyself a permanent station. The holy man being cheered by the discourse of the angel, proceeded therefore, and found the promised sow and young pigs in the place, where in his name a church has been built, and is now used, on the banks of the Caman, which Avas heretofore a deep torrent, and was so called, not on account of its depth, but from the concavity of the vallies. From thence he ren- dered devout thanks to God, because he had by his angel deigned to shew him the place, where without change, he wished that the service which was required, might be per- formed by him. A fire was lighted, and he and his compan- ions passed almost all the night without sleep in prayers. There was at that time a certain lord of the district named Clechre, a just man, and one that feared God, who gave orders in those days; and was named the Old Alan. This man rising in a morning, and seeing the smoke from the fire, which the man of God had lighted in the deep valley, rising, spreading abroad, and covering the neighbouring parts of the earth, and being excited by the Spirit of God, called together the twenty sons which he had, and said unto them, " My sons, ye have heard with your ears that the man is ar- rived, who we know has been for a long time promised to us, the fame of whose goodness is spread abroad upon the face of the earth, and is celebrated in the highest places ; and as ye see his smoke spreading abroad, so will the power of his preaching spread, and much MÌder; let us therefore go, and fall down before his face, and become subject to him, because we ought not by anv means contradict or re- LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. 295 sist the divine will." Going therefore unanimously, they came to the man of God, and placing themselves at his knees, prayed that he would have mercy upon them. Saint Brynach, whose manner of speaking was pleasing, blessed them, and with a modest voice enquired what they wanted. The old man answered, and said, " Sir, I have been for a long time master of this district, but because I know that this place is designed for thee by the providence of God, I submit to the will of God, I also submit to thee, but I commend these my sons to thee, that under the protection of thy paternity, they may adhere to our God." He received them thankfully, and had them regularly instructed in liter- ature, and they were faithful companions in his labours. And the old man taking leave, and saluting all, departed to the country of Cornwall, where serving God, he gave up his happy soul to the Lord. And Saint Brynach being a faithful performer of divine service, studied to cut off the superfluities of corporeal affection, so much did he desire to live agreeably to the di- vine will; he wasted his body by continual fastings, he di- minished the insolence of the flesh by frequent watchings, he restrained the luxury of clothing by cold treatment, dip- ping it daily in the coldest water ; what he could withdraw from his mouth, from his hand, and from his whole body, he converted to the use of the poor, and what he could ac- quire he received to relieve their poverty; he was always engaged in prayers, except when he refreshed his body either with food or sleep. Thus he led a life so pleasing to God, that as he deserved, he enjoyed frequently the sight and dis- course of angels ; and the mountain on which they met, at the foot of which a church was built, was called The Moun- tain of Angels.^ The Lord enabled him to act so miraculously in the sight of the people that at his command, wild beasts set aside their brutal habits, and were rendered tame. Therefore 1 This mountain is supposed to be the same as that at present called Cam Ingli, a cor- ruption of the name Cam Engylion , which overhangs Nevern, the principal church of the district. — Fenton's Pembrokeshire, page 543. 296 LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. whenever he removed from one place of residence to an- other, ho called from the flock any two stags he wished to have, to draw the can-iage, in which his furniture was placed to he taken off; and when loosed from the yoke, they returned to ftheir accustomed pasture. Also ^a" cow which he had selected from the rest, as well for the size of her body, for she was larger than the others, as for the large quantity of her milk, was 'committed by him to the custody of a wolf; which after the manner of a well-trained shepherd, drove the cow every morning to its pasture, and in the evening brought it safe home. It happened however at that time that Maelgon king of Wales, travelled not far from the ha- bitation of the holy man, and sent to him, ordering that a supper should be provided for him. But the holy man be- ing desirous that he and his associates, and also his local property should be free from all tribute, asserted that he did not owe a supper to the king, nor would he in any way obey his unjust command. The persons who were sent, re- turned to their master, and told him that the man, to whom they had been dispatched, Avould not provide a supper for him. The king as he was easily moved_^from tranquillity of mind, was also a drunkard, and known to be more ready to injure than to relieve, and paying no regard to piety, sanctity, or modesty, sent his messengers to fetch away the cow of the holy man, and thereby provide food for him. Doubt- less he would not have spared the others, but they were in distant pastures, and he fiercely said that on the moiTow he would deprive the holy man of his territory, and would to- tally destroy the place to the ground. The servants of ini- quity ran, and quickly brought the cow ; they prepare their prey for future meals, take off the hide from the ribs, make bare the entrails, part they cut into pieces, and place them in a kettle on the fire, they a])ply fuel, and on all sides with inflated checks hasten to blow it. The wolf which kept the cow, in the mean time ran to its master, and sorrowful and groaning, lay prostrate on the ground, as if asking par- don. Some one was present, who mentioned that the cow LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. 297 had been taken away by the servants of the king, and had been cut into pieces in order to be cooked. But the holy man, laying his complaint before God, com- mitted his whole case to be avenged by divine judgment. The king and his attendants were distressed with hunger, but as yet there was not any hope for refreshment, for the water in which the flesh had been placed to be cooked, remained cold, the same as it was when it was put in, nor with a very large fire was it more moved to boiling than if the fire had been taken away, and a large quantity of ice placed in its room. The king, and his attendants perceived the power of God, and that the holy man was dear to him, for they had heard Avhat he had done, and were seized with great fear; the king, being humbled, immediately laid aside his royal haughtiness, and all equally proceeding with contrite hearts, came to the holy man ; and having fallen at his feet to the ground; the king being an advocate for himself and attendants, confessed that they had sinned against him, and promising that they would not again do such things, re- quested with humble prayer, and sincere devotion, that he would have pity, and pray to the Almighty in behalf of him, and his attendants. And Saint Brynach, free from all bitterness, prayed to the Lord, and laying hold of the right hand of the king, raised him up, and had confidence of his having the hoped for piety towards the Most High. And in the sight of them all he restored the cow to her former state, and again committed her to the custody of the wolf. After these things, in order that he might preserve the king safe from what might follow, asked him to pass the night with him, and what he had a short time before firmly refused, he now gratuitously oflfered with liberal charity, and a beneficent mind. The king gave thanks, and remained; but what was to be done, for he had little or no provisions to place before them as they sat down, but to hope in God, as he had done, who sent food to the hungry children of Israel in abundance, and rained manna upon them for their sustenance. He went therefore to an oak, which was near, 298 LIFE OF SAINT BRYNACH. and plucked ofF, hanging by the leaves, as many wheaten loaves as were wanted; wherefore it was called the Bread Oak, whilst it remained. He also went to the brook Caman, for it ran near, where for water, he drew wine plentifully, and from the same brook for the stones he extracted a suffici- ency of fishes. He came to the king, and his attendants, and caused them to sit down, and placed plenty of food be- fore them ; they partook, and were sufficiently filled, nor were they disappointed with respect to what they wished. After supper, the hour calling for it, they lay down, went to sleep, and all of them slept soundly until the morning. The king rising in the morning, awaked his attendants, and according to the law of hospitality, gave thanks to Saint Brynach, and said, " Because I have received thy gi-atui- tons beneficence, I will not disdain to bestow gratuitously my munificence upon thee. In the name of God, and our Lord Jesus Christ, I will exempt thee for ever from all regal tribute, and the place of thy residence, and all the ter- ritory belonging to that place, and also all that reside there- in, and moreover I assign to thy jurisdiction the land of the monk Telych; and whosoever therefore shall for the future, cause anything to come against this my donation, may he quickly incur the curse of God, and of all the faithful of Christ." The saint of God gratefully receiving the king's gift, gave thanks, and blessed him and his attendants with a devout mind. Afterwards consoling each other, they parted. How many, and what great miracles were per- formed by the holy man while he remained in the body, would be difficult for any one to relate. At length it pleased the Most High to take his saint from this uncertain, and unstable habitation, and to place him happily among his saints, and chosen persons in heavenly glory. And he passed from this world on the seventh day of April, and his body lies inteiTed under the eastern wall of his church. Brynach the saint of God is congratulated in heaven, and great mi- racles are frequently performed upon the earth, through means of our Lord Jesus Christ. II. €l)p t'é nf Inint %nn. €'- pttt was formerly a gentleman in Powj's-land, at a place called Banhenic, near the river, which at that time was called Sabrina, but at present is named in Welsh, Havren, and in English, Severn; and the name of that gentleman was Biigi,^ and his wife was named Beren, and she was daughter of Llawdden; they were inoffensive per- sons, and their lives were virtuous; they kept the command- ments of God in every way as far as they were able, and nothing bad in the world could be alleged against them. They had no son to be their heir, and they were aged persons, so as not to have children; for they had passed the greater part of their time, and had slept together twelve years without sexual intercourse, and that by agreement. In the evening of a certain day, as they were talking to- gether, they saw an angel coming to them, whose raiment was as white as snow, who said to them, " Be merry and joy- ful, for God has heard your prayer." And then the angel said to them, " Let there be sexual intercourse to-night between thee and thy wife, and she will become pregnant, and from that pregnancy, a son will be born to thee, and he will be 1 From a MS. in the Library of tlie Earl of Macclesfield, collated with another MS. in the Library of Jesus College Oxford. ^ Bugi, or as elsewhere called Hywgi, is said to have given all his lands to his brother's college at Llancarvan, but there is no reason to suppose that monastery ever had any lands in Powys, and the probabilty is against it. Hywgi himself has found a place among the saints, and may possibly be identified with Hewi, one of the four holy personages of Llangwm mentioned in the Liber Landavensis, page 262, — T. Wakeman. 300 LIFE OF SAINT BEINO. honourable Avitli respect to God and man." And as tbo angel had ordered them, they did; and Beren was rendered pregnant that night, and from that pregnancy, a son was born to her, and to that son they gave the name of Beino/ And they brought up their son, and at the same time gave him instruction ; and afterwards sent him to a Saint, who was at Caerwent. The name of that saint was Tangusius," and his parents by agreement placed him with him; and with that Saint, with the assistance of God, he obtained a knowledge of all the holy Scriptures ; afterwards he learned the Service and the Rules of the Church; and took orders, and became a clergyman. And Ynyr Gwent, who was king of that country, observing that he was humble, and chaste, and generous, and in every respect keeping the commandments of God, received him honourably and graciously, and gave him a gold ring and a crown; also he became a disciple and monk to Saint Beino, and gave him three estates in Euas,^ and all the people who dwelt on those estates, and their property. ' Beino was the son of Hywgi or Bugi ap Gwynlliw FilwT, and Perferen, daughter of Llawdden Luyddog, of Dinas Eiddin in the North. He was therefore nearly related to Cattwg, and Kentigern, with the latter of whom he was contemporary. He lived in the sixth century, and his life extended to the following, as it is recorded that he founded a religious society, at Clynog Fawr, in Caernarvonshire, in the year 616. The land on which the Monastery or College of Clynog Fawr was built, was given by Cadvan, the reigning prince of North Wales, to whom Saint Beino gave a small golden sceptre as an acknowledgement for the gift. In his old age he was one of the instructors of Gwen- frewi, or St. Winefred ; his festival is holden on April 21, and the following eleven churches are dedicated to him, Berriew and Bettws, in Montgomeryshire ; Llanyci), and Gwyddelwern, in Merionethshire ; Clynog Fawr, Carnglwch, PistiU, and Penmorva, in Caernarvonshire ; Aberffraw and Trefdraeth, in Anglesey ; and Llanveino, in Hereford- shh-e. — Professor Rees's Welsli Saints, page 26S. ^ There can be no hesitation in identifying Saint Tangusius with Tangwn ap Talhaiarn, ■who probably succeeded St. Tathai, the preceptor of St. Cadoc. This gives us an inter- esting date, for Talhaiarn is mentioned by Nennius as a Welsh Poet, a contemporary of Taliesin. — In the lolo MSS. he is said to have been a pupil of Maelgyn Hir, who under the names of Maelgyn, Melchinus and Melkin is mentioned by Leland, Lewis in his His- tory of Britain, Capgiavc and Harding, from whom we collect that he was a learned man of the college of Cacrllcon, and died about the middle of the sixth century. Talhaiarn must of course have been much younger, and most likely survived his master some years, and Tangwn was probably living in the beginning of the seventh century, and this agrees exactly with the statement of his having been the preceptor of St. Beino, who as all ac- counts agree, was living and contemporary with Cadvan king of North Wales, who reigned from 616 to 630 ; we arrive then at a near approximation to the respective eras of all these individuals.— W. A district in the western part of Herefordshire, from which Ewyas Laci, and Ewjas Harold receive their names, and where Beino built a church upon land given him by Ynyr Gwent, or more probably by his son Iddon, who was contemporary with St. Teilo. The place U well known, and ret.iins the name i.lanvpino near Longtown.— W. LIFE OF SAINT BEINO. 301 And at that time the father of Beino became ill of a hopeless disease, and he sent messengers to his son Beino, and requested him to come to him on his blessing; then Beino said to his companions, and disciples, " Let three of you remain in this city, and I will go to my father, who is very ill;" and so they did. And Saint Beino commended them to the king, and the principal men of the country. And he went forwards until he came to where his father lay ill. And his father after receiving the communion, making confession, and rendering his end perfect, departed from this life. Afterwards Beino resided in the township of his father, and there he built a church,^ which be consecrated in the name of the Lord Christ; and he set an acorn on the side of his father's grave, Avhich there grew to an oak of great size, height, and of a fine fomi, and on that tree grew a branch which reached the ground, and from the ground again upwards as high as the boughs of the tree, and there was a part of this branch in the ground, as it is at present: and if an Englishman should go between that branch and the body of the tree, he would immediately die, but should a Welshman go, he would be nothing worse. And Beino, after remaining there some time, left the township of his father, and went onwards to Maun, son of Brochwel, and he received him graciously, and genteelly, on account of his friendship, and generosity, and his observ- ance of the commandments of God. And then Maun on account of his own soul, and of the soul of his father, gave Aberrhiw- to God and Beino. And on a certain day as Beino was travelling near the river Severn, where was a ford, lo, he heard a voice on the other side of the river, in- citing dogs to hunt a hare, being that of an Englishman, who spoke as loud as he could, " Cergia," which in that language incited the dogs. And when Beino heard the voice of the Englishman, he immediately returned, and 1 Probably one of those churches at Llangwni, where there were formerly two, but one is Montgomeryshire, nenr Welshpool, the church of 302 LIFE OF SAINT BEINO. coming to his disciples, said to them, " My sons, put on your clothes and your shoes, and let us leave this place, for the nation of this man has a strange language, and is abomi- nable, and I heard his voice, on the other side of the river, inciting the dogs after a hare; they have invaded this place, and it will be theirs, and they a\ì11 keep it in their posses- sion." And then Beino said to one of his disciples, Bith- yliut was his name, " My son," said he, "be obedient to me; I wish that thou wilt remain here, my blessing shall be Avith thee, and the cross which I have made, I will leave with thee." And the blessing of Beino bound that disciple and he remained there. And Beino and his disciples came as far as Meivod,^ and there he remained with Tysilio forty days and forty nights. And from thence he came to king Cynan, son of Broch- wel, and he requested a place to pray for his soul, and those of his fi-iends. And then the king gave to him Gwydel- werun,^ a place, which had the name given to it by the Irishman, whom Beino there raised ft-om the dead, and his wife who had been the cause of his death. And there Beino erected a church, at the time that the nephews of Cynan came from hunting to Beino to request food from him; and there they always remained. And then Beino ordered his servants to take a young ox from the mountain, and kill it, and provide food for the men who requested it of him. And the servants did so. And the meat was put to boil in a pot on the fire in the third hour of the day, and it was on the fire until the evening, and the men without ceasing kept the fire bm-ning under the pot, and in the evening the water had not become warm, nor had the meat changed its colour. Then one of the laymen said to the scholars, "This man by his art does this, so that we have nothing to eat;" and when Beino heard this discourse from his mouth, he inflicted his curse upon him, and he died before the end of ' Where a church was built by Beino, on land granted to bim by Cynan, son of Broch- wel Ysgythrog, Princo of Povr/a.—Caiiiiruai Jiegùter, vol. I. ' Tho present church of the parish of Gwyddelwern, in Merionethshire, is dedicated to St. Üeino.—I'rofeuor JieesS WeUh Saints, page 26S. LIFE OF SAINT BEING. 303 the day. Then he returned to the sons of Selyft', and said to them, " What your fathers have given to God, will you that it be given as with a tax, and obligation thereon: as God has given it to me, and he will do to me as to one who serves him, may your heir never possess it, and may you be destroyed from this kingdom, and from an eternal one here- after." And then what Beino requested in his prayer, he obtained. Then Beino left that place, and went as far as the banks of the river Dee, to seek for a place to pray to God, and did not obtain one, and then he came to Temic, the son of Eliud; and this Temic gave to Beino for ever, and free from claim, a townshij), and Beino built a church there, and con- secrated it to God. Temic very soon after left this solitary place to Saint Beino. On a certain day, Temic and bis wife went to church to hear mass and preaching by Beino, and left their daughter to keep watch at home, and the maiden was very beautiful, and was not as yet given to a husband. And as she was keeping watch, lo, she saw the king who was over that place, coming to her: Caradoc was his name; she then arose to meet him, and was cheerful to him. Then the king asked her " Where was her father?" " He is gone," said she, "to church, if you have any business to do with him, stay a little, and he will soon come back." " I will not wait," said he, " unless you will become my concubine." The maiden said, " I will not be thy concubine, because thou art a king, and from kings thou wast born, and I am not of equal blood, that I should be united to thee by being thy concubine, but said she, " remain here while I go to my chamber, and I will do what you wish." And in a minute she left the chamber, and went towards the church, where were her father and mother. And the king saw her going, and was displeased, and as she got to the door of the church, he over- took her, and with his sword cut off her head, which fell into the church, and the body remained on the outside. Beino and her father and mother saw what was done, and Beino looking in the face of the king, said, " I request 304 LIFE OF SAINT BEINO. of God," said he, " that he will not spare thee, and will not resjject thee more than thou hast respected this good maiden." And in that hour the king melted into a pool, and was no more seen in this world. Then Beino took the head of the maiden, and placed it to the body, and spread- ing his mantle on the body, said to her father and mother, who were at her head lamenting, "Be silent a little while, until the mass be over." And then Beino sacrificed to God ; and when mass was over, the maiden arose quite well; and the sweat Avas wiped from her face, and God and Beino re- stored her to perfect health. And in the place, where the blood fell to the ground, a fountain arose; which there re- mains to this day, curing men, and brute animals of their diseases and wounds. And that fountain is called, after the name of the maiden, Winefred's Well;^ and many per- sons saw that, and believed in Christ; and one of those who believed was Cadvan, king of North Wales, who gave to Beino much land and territory. And after the death of Cadvan, Beino went to visit Cad- wallon his son, who was king after him. And Beino re- quested the land of Cadvan, for at that time he had not a place to pray to God, nor wherein to dwell. And then the king gave to Beino, a place in Arvon, called Gwaredauc; and Beino gave to the king a gold sceptre, which Conan the son of Brochwel, when he was about to die, had given to him, and that sceptre was worth sixty cows; and there Beino built a church, and began to build a wall round about it; and as he was, on a certain day, building the wall, and his disciples with him, lo, they saw a woman coming to them with a newly born infant in her arms, and requesting Beino to bless the child. Beino said, "Ha, woman, stop a little while until this is done ;" but the child was crying, so that it was not easy to endure it. "Ha, woman," said Beino, " what causes the child to cry?" "Ha, good saint," said the woman, "there is a cause for it." "Ha, good woman," said LIFE OF SAINT BEING. 305 Beino, "what is that cause?" "Truly," said the woman, "the land which you possess, and are building a church thereon, is a township of the father of the child." Then Beino said to his disciples, "Take your hands off the work," said he; "while I baptize the child, and prepare my chariot; we will go with this woman and child, to visit the king, who gave me the township of his father." And then Beino and his disciples set out with the woman and child, and came to Caerseint, where the king was ; which place is at present called Caernarvon. And then Beino said to the king, "Why," said he, "didst thou give me the township, when there was one who owned it? The child," said Beino, " who is in that woman's arms owns that land, and is heir thereof; give thou the land," said Beino, " to the child, and give me some other land in- stead of it, or restore to me the gift I presented you with, that is, the gold sceptre." But the haughty king returned an arrogant answer to Beino. " I will not exchange the land with thee, the gift which you gavest to me, I have given to another." And Beino became angry and said, "I request of God," said he, " that thou shalt not long possess the land and territory ;" and Beino went away and left him under a curse. The king had a cousin named Guideuit, who went after Beino, and met him on the other side of the river called Seint, where Beino was sitting on a stone on the banks of the river. And for the sake of his soul, and of the soul of his cousin Cadwallon, he gave to God and Beino for ever, his township, called Kelynauc, without rent, or service, or any one possessing or claiming it ; and Beino performed there, through the power of God, miracles which no one of this world could enumerate. And at that time, it happened that one of the workmen at Aberfìraw^ went to the palace of Ynyr Gwent, and no young man was handsomer; and when the daughter of Ynyr Gwent saw him, she could not for a minute be from ' A town in Anglesey, the church of which is dedicated to St. Beino. 306 LIFE or SAINT BEINO. his society. And the king becoming acquainted therewith, chose to give the young man in marriage to his daughter, lest she sliould have him in some other way ; being willing to have one so handsome for his son and his subject. And after a space of time, the young man returned, with his wife, to his own country, and they came to a place called Pennard in Arvon, and there they alighted from off their horses, and rested themselves; and through fatigTie and weariness sleep overtook the princess; and while she slept, he became much ashamed to go to his country, with a wife so nobly descended without having a place to take her to, and obliged to go again to the place where he had been work- ing, and gaining his maintenance. And then, through the instigation of the devil, he cut off her head while she was asleep, and afterwards returned to the country with the va- luable horses, and the gold and the silver to the king. And therewith he obtained an office from the king, and became his steward. And the shepherds of Beino saw the corpse, and immediately went to mention it to him; Beino then went with them without delay to where the corpse was. And immediately took the head and pressed it to the body; and falling on his knees, he prayed to God, as follows, "Lord, the Creator of heaven and earth, to whom there is not any- thing unknown, raise this body in health." And immediately the maiden arose quite well, and related to Beino all that had taken place. Beino then said to her, "Wilt thou choose," said he, "to return to thy country, or remain here serving God." The good and meek maiden said, " Here," said she, " I will remain, serving God, near thee who rose me to life from the dead." And in the place where the blood fell to the ground, a clear fountain sprang up, and that fountain received its appellation from the name of the young woman, and was called Digwc's Well. And after a space of time, Iddon,i the son of Yuyr Gwent, ' He gave considerable property to the church of Handaff.— iẅcr Landavaiiis, pages aai, 3ÒS, 112. LIFE OF SAINT BEINO. 307 and brother of the princess, came to Beino to ask for his sister. When he came there, the young woman was with Beino serving God, and he asked her, whether she would come with him from that country; and she said that she woukl not come, nor leave the place where she had been raised from the dead. And when Idon saw that he could not prevail, he requested Beino to come with him as far as Aberffraw, to make a request to the king, and obtain from him the horses, and the gold, and silver, which the man had taken with his sister. And they both went to the king's palace, and Iddon saw the man whom he sought. And immediately he drew his swoi-d, and attacking him, cut off his head; then the king became angry, and gave orders that the man who had committed the murder should be apprehended. Then said Beino, " Do not," said he, "put your hand on the man who came Avith me." Then the king in his anger hurried away, and swore that he would cause the man to be immediately destroyed, unless Beino would raise to life the man who was killed. Then Beino, who had been confidently trusting in God, rose the murdered man to life. And the king repented of having tried the saint, and gave to him the house wherein he resides, and it is called Beino. Many other things we have omitted, and have left unre- lated, lest this accovint might be rendered tedious. These are a few of the miracles of Beino; and no one knows what God did to Beino, but God himself. And it is manifest that whosoever does good, God will be his assistant; all that God commanded, Beino performed ; meat and drink he gave to all whom he saw that were hungry and thirsty, clothing he gave to the naked, and lodging to strangers, he visited the sick, conferred benefits on prisoners, and whatever the Holy Scriptures ordered to be done, he per- formed. And as the life-time of Beino was ending, and his last day approaching, on the seventh day after Easter, he saw heaven opening, and the angels descending, and ascending up again. And then said Beino, "I see," said he, "the Trinity, 308 LIFE OF SAINT BEING. the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and Peter, and Paul, and the Druids, and Deiniol, and the Saints, and the Prophets, and the Apostles, and the Martyrs appearing to me. And I see among them seven angels standing near the throne of the most high Father; and all the fathers of heaven singing their songs, saying, "Blessed is he whom thou hast chosen, and taken, and dost dwell with for ever." "I hear," said he, " the sound of the trumpet of the most high Father inviting me, and saying. My son, cast away from thee the burden of thy flesh, now the time is coming, and thou art invited to partake with thy brethren of the feast that never ends. Thy body will remain in the earth, but the hosts of heaven and the angels will bring thy soul to heaven, which thou hast gained here by thy works. And in the day of judgment, thou wilt be present when the Lord will say to the saints. Come ye blessed children of my Father, inherit the kingdom, which has been prepared for you from the beginning of the world; where will be life without death, youth without old age, health without sickness, and joy without sorrow; and the saints in the upper world with God the Father, will be united to the angels and arch- angels, in the union of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Amen." Let us beseech the mercy of Almighty God, that through the assistance of Saint Beino, we may also with him obtain eternal life for ever and ever. Amen. Here is the Pedigree of Saint Beino. Beino was the son of Bugi, the son of Gwinlliu, the son of Tegit, the son of Cadell Deyrnllwg, the son of Gortegy- run, the son of Gorthevyn, the son of Gorthgeyrun, the son of Rutegyrn, the son of Deheuwynt, the son of Eudegan, the sou of Eudegern, the son of Elud, the son of Endos, the son of Endolen, the son of Avallad, the son of Amalech, the son of Belim, the son of Anna, who was cousin to the Virgin Mary, the mother of Christ. III. €ì}t m i laint Cnkr; HERE BEGINS THE PREFACE TO THE LIFE OF THE MOST BLESSED CADOC, ALSO CALLED SOPHIA, BISHOP AND MARTYR, OF THE CITY OF BENEVENTUM. (ft\f)tVt reigned formerly on the borders of Britain, called ^ Dimetia,^ a certain regulus, named Glywys,^ from whom all the country of that district, in all the days of his life, was called Glywysyg,* who is said to have ten 1 Cadoc is generally called in Welsh Catlwg. He was the eldest son of Gwynlliw Filwr, and lived in the latter part of the sixth century. On account of his wisdom, he is generally known by the appellation of Cattwg Ddoeth, (the Wise Cattwg,) and a large collection of his maxims and moral sayings, both in prose and verse, is preserved in the III. Vol. of the Myv. Arch. He was the first Principal, or Abbot of Llancarfan, and his college, like all the rest founded in Wales, in the infancy of monastic institutions, seems to have partaken both of a monastery, and a place of education. Though it is said to have been situated at Llancarfan, the particular spot, on which it stood, was called Llan- feithin, for which reason, the names are used indiscriminately. He is considered to have been the founder of several churches, — in Brecknockshire, Llangattock, Crickhowel; in Glamorganshire, Porteinion, Gelligaer, Cadoxton juxta Barry, Llancarfan, Pendeulw^n, Pentyrch, Llanmaes, and Cadoxton juxta Neath; and in Monmouthshire, Llangattock, near Usk, Llangattock Lenig, Llangattock Lingoed, Llangattock Feibion Afel, and Caer- Ueon on Usk. He has been confounded with Cadog the son of Brychan, who died in A.D. 490, and is said to have been buried in Prance. The churches founded by whom are Llanspyddid in Brecknockshire, and Llangadog Fawr in Carmarthenshire. There was formerly a chapel in Kidwely dedicated to St. Cadog, and perhaps one or two churches which have been confounded with those attributed to Cattwg, ought to be added to the number.— Professor Rees's Welsh Saints, pp. 142, 143, 176, 177. '' Or Dyved, here meaning South Wales, although the name is more strictly applicable to Pembrokeshire, and a large portion of the counties of Carmarthen and Cardigan. — Lady Charlotte Guest's Mabinogion, Vol. II. p. 73. ' Or Glewis; he was the son of Tegid ap Cadell Deyrnllwg. (See " The lolo MSS." page 384.) Glywys was probably the person of that name who witnessed a grant to St. Dubricius, inserted in page 318 of the Liber Landavensis. * Glywysyg, the district of which Glywys was lord, and to which he gave its name, seems to have comprised a considerable portion of Glamorgan and Gwent. A MS. for- merly in the possession of Watkin Giles, of Llangan, defines the district thus; "The counti-y now called the Cantred of Wentlwg, lying between the river Usk, on the side of Gwent, and the river Elereh, otherwise the greater Rumney, on the side of Kibor, in Glamorgan. — lolo MSS. page 384. 2 R 310 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. children. The eldest of whom was called Gwynlliw,^ from whose name, the country, which he governed, was after the death of his father, to the present day, called Gwynllivv.^ Whose cousins, as brothers of good and ingenuous disposi- tion, by a birthday custom, peaceably and carefully divided their father's kingdom amongst themselves, according to their number ; to every one a province, except only to Pe- drog' the foui-th, who gave up a transitory for a perpetual inheritance. Their names and adjacent provinces are as follow : — Gwynlliw, the eldest son, obtained the chief part of his father s kingdom, namely Gwynllwg ; Etelic had Ede- lygion,^ Poul Penychen,^ Seru Serugunid, Gwrhai" Gurinid,'' JNIar JNIargam,^ Cettil Kidwely, Cornouguil Carnwyllion,* INIetel Crucmetil. And one of them Pedrog would not receive with them a portion ; as he rejected altogether the vanities, and momentary allurements of this world, and ac- cording to the example of the holy fathers, despised wordly for heavenly things; he began to adhere firmly to God, and gave up his country, his kindred, and at last all the things of this world. Travelling from home, by the direction of God, in the country of Cornwall, he came at length to the district which is called Botmenei,'' where, during his whole life, he served God most devoutly, and erected a very large monastery to his honour. And his festival is celebrated reverently and with great solemnity on the II of the nones of June. — Here ends the Preface. 1 Gwjnlliw Filwr, or Gwynlliw the Warrior. ' Generally termed the Hundred of Gwynllwg, or Wentloog, in Monmouthshire. ' Pedrog was the founder of the churches of Llanbedrog, Caernarvonshire, St. Petro-x, Pembrokeshire, and of others in Devon and Cornwall, of which counties he m-ay be con- sidered the tutelar saint.— Professor Rees's Welsh Saints, p. 226. * An ancient district in Monmouthsire. — The name of Edelig (Eteüc,) occurs as a witness to a grant, to Oudoceus, of lands, in Gwentis Coed, on the banks of the Wye.— Liber Landavensis, p. 403. " An ancient district in Glamorgan. Rwrhai's name occurs as a witness tc a grant to Bishop Arwystl. — Liber Landa- 'Gorwennydd, a district, probably coextensive with the present ecclesiastical Deanery of Groneath, Glamorgan .— lolo MSS. p. 398. » Kidwoly and Carnwyllion, Hundreds in ramiarthonshirc. » Bodmin, in Cornwall. life of saint cadoc. 311 Here begins the Prologue to the life of the same Saint. Amen. After a long interval of time, the aforesaid king Gwynlliw enjoying his kingdom, desired to be joined in Avedlock to a certain young lady for her very high reputation, ■who was elegant in appearance, beautiful in form, and adorned with silk vestments ; her name was Gwla- dys,^ and she was the daugher of a certain regulus called Brychan. Therefore he sent many messengers to the father of the young lady, who earnestly request- ed that she should be given to him in marriage ; but her father having heard the message, became angry, and full of rage refused to betroth his daughter, slighted the messen- gers, and sent them back without honour; which they taking amiss, returned and related to their master what had been done to them. Which being heard, raging with great anger, he armed as many as three hundred slaves, who should take the young lady away by force. They im- mediately set on their journey, and came to the court of the aforesaid regulus, which is called Talgarth," and found the young lady before the door of her residence, sitting with her sisters, and passing the time in modest conversa- tion ; whom they immediately took by force, and returned with speed. Which Brychan her father hearing, he was seized with grief of heart, and mourning the loss of his dearest daugh- ter, called to his assistance all his friends and neiglibours to recover her. All his auxiliaries having come together, he with haste pursues his enemy with his accomplices ; whom when Gwynlliw saw, he frequently ordered the said young lady to be brought forward, and he made her ride with him; and not flying, but taking her slowly on horseback, he pre- ceded his army, waited for his soldiers, and manfully exhor- 1 As Brychan died in 450, according to the generally received accounts, Gwladysmust have been his grand-daughter, and not his daughter, as here stated. — See Professor Rees's AVelsh Saints, p. U6. - A place in Brecknockshire, about 9 miles eastward from Brecknock. 312 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. ted them to battle. But Brychan, with his men, boldly at- tacking the hard-hearted king and his followers, slew two hundred, and pursued them to the hill, Mhich is the boundary between the two countries, and is called in the British language Bochriwcarn,^ which signifies the cheek of a stony road. But when Gwynlliw had arrived at the boun- daiy of his dominions, being bodily safe with the aforesaid young lady, and sorrowful from fighting with his enemies, a great slaughter having taken place, lo, three brave heroes, Arthur, with his two knights, namely, Kai and Bedwir,^ were sitting upon the top of the aforesaid hill and playing with dice. When they saw the king with the young lady coming near them, Arthur was immediately seized with love towards the lady, and full of bad thoughts, said to his companions, "Know ye that I am vehemently inflamed with love towards the lady, whom the soldier carries off, riding." But they forbiding him said, " Far be from thee to commit such Avickedness ; for we have been accus- tomed to assist the destitute and the distressed, where- fore let us go forward, and quickly render our assistance that this contest may be terminated." And he said, " Since ye both Avill assist him, rather than take away the lady fi-om him for me, go and meet them, and carefully en- quire which of them is the owner of this territory." And they immediately departed, and to the enquiry made by the 1 Bochriwoarn, seems to be some place in the north part of the parish of Bedwelty, Mon- mouthshire, on the borders of Brecknockshire, as Rhiw Cam is the name of a mountain road, leading from near Beaufort Iron Works towards Llangynnidr, near which are nu- merous Cams, whence probably the name. — W. "This notice of Arthur and his knights may perhaps be considered by some as an em- bellishment borrowed from the Mabinogion; it however, so far as it goes, incidentally confirms what is generally supposed to be authentic in the history of that hero. Thus Arthur's ignorance of whose territory he was upon, coincides with the fact of his owTi particular dominions being in Devon and Cornwall, for his connexion with Wales must bo considered rather intrusive than otherwise. He was, however, allied by family ties to some of the Silurian reguli, for we can glean from the Liber Landavensis and other authorities, that his grandfather, Cystennyn Gorneu, founded churches in Ergyng, and tliat his father's sister was married to Pebiau ab Urb ah Erbin, king of Gwent and Er- gyng.— His cousin, Geraint ab Erbin, is also stated to have founded a church at Caer- llawydd, or Hereford. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 313 order of the king, Gwynlliw answered, " God being wit- ness, and all the most learned in the land, I profess myself to be owner of this territory." The messengers on return- ing to their master, mentioned what they had heard from him. Then Arthur with his armed companions rushed upon the enemies of Gwynlliw, who turning their backs, fled with great confusion to their own country. Then Gwynlliw triumphing, through the assistance of Arthur, went with the aforesaid lady Gwladys to his palace that was on that hill, which from his name afterwards received the British appellation, AUtwynlliw, that is the Hill of Gwynlliw ; for from Gwynlliw, Gwynllwg, and fi-om Brychan, Brycheiniog are called. Here begins the Life of the same Saint. IX Kal. Feb. 1. Of the angelic revelation, and the birth of Saint Cadoc. Those things having been done, king Gwynlliw united himself in lawful wedlock, to the aforesaid daughter of Brychan, named Gwladys ; who conceived, and wonderful to be mentioned, four lamps were seen shining every night, with great brightness, in the four corners of the house where she remained, until she brought forth her first born son. And from this, it is manifest to all that the infant was elected by God from his mother's womb, like that prophecy of Isaiah, " From thy mother's womb have I elected thee," and elsewhere, " From my mother's belly the Lord called me." On a certain night some of Gwynlliw's thieves^ came for the puspose of committing a robbery, to a town wherein dwelt a religious Irishman, who was a hermit and devoutly served God, which thieves, the aforesaid Gwynlliw loved, and instigated to robbery. But the said hermit possessed no worldly property except a cow big in calf, that was the best ^ The character of Gwynlliw as here given, although by no means complimentary, is, no doubt, a true portrait of many a Welsh Chieftain at that time, and some centuries after- wards. 314 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. in all the district, and with her abundant milk sufficiently supplied with refreshment the hermit, and his twelve ser- vants; which cow the aforesaid thieves stole. On the night, in which this crime was committed, Gwladys the wife of the oft-mentioned king brought forth her first-born son. Also in the same night, a voice from heaven announ- ced to the father of the infant, in his sleep, saying, " A certain holy presbyter, and anchorite, by the direction of God will come to thee to-morrow, betimes in the morning, whom, when thou seest, humbly and devoutly receive, and kneeling earnestly beseech him to purify thy son in the font of regeneration ; and his name will be called Cathmail. And when he has completed his seventh year, thou mayest give him up to the same regenerator, to receive instruction from his learning." Also the angel of the Lord, on the same night, likewise appeared to the venerable presbyter, saying to him "Arise quickly, gird thyself, and put on thy shoes ; for thy cow has been taken away by thieves, therefore make haste to look after her. But when thou comest to the court yard of Gwynlliw, where doubtless thou wilt find her, there hasten by the command of God to baptize the son of the king, by whom thy cow is detained, and afterwards when he is seven years of age thou art to instruct him in the books of the holy Scriptures. Therefore the aforesaid king, in the same night, mentioned to his wife Gwladys all that he had dreamed, before the said hermit came, who therefore greatly rejoiced. On the following day the aforesaid priest attended by his disciples came early by the direction of God, to procure his cow ; and was going to the bed where the king slept, but was opposed by the stern porters, and he did not enter; which becoming known to the king, he was quickly permitted to come in ; and the cow he had lost was restored to him, and gladly received. For the king respected him, and im- mediately knew him to be the servant of God who had been revealed to him by the oracle, and bowing, he earnestly witli downcast eyes supplicated the man of God LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 315 that he would bajitize his son in the laver of salvation. He complying with the petitions of his enemy, according to the angelic command, baptized the child, agreeably to our Lord's command, " Love your enemies, do good to them Avho hate you, and pray for those who persecute you, and despitefuUy use you, that ye may be the sons of my Father who is in heaven." But in the performance of this baptism, divine power deigned to shew, by a wonderful sign, how great the boy would be. For when the man of God, Meu- tlii\ would baptize the son of the aforesaid king, the ser- vant of the king, named Snaudrentia, being fatigued with their long journey, and in want of water for drink, uttered words of complaint in the hearing of Meuthi, the man of God, alleging that they were obliged daily to carry water on their shoulders from a distance. Meuthi answered them, " Let us all pray to our Lord Jesus Christ, that he would bestow running water to us, his servants, and to the infant, who has been elected by him from his mother's womb." When prayer M-as ended, a large fountain sprang up, and flowing abundantly, effected a river; which being done, and all persons exulting and praising God, the blessed Meu- thi declared in answer that the force of the " stream had made joyful the city of God." Moreover, when a certain woman brought in her arms the young child to be baptized at the fountain, which, by means of the aforesaid holy her- mit, had lately sprung up from the earth, he leaping from the arms of the person who brought him, by three leaps, with- out any one assisting him, got to the aforesaid fountain,^ 1 The hermit who baptized and afterwards became the preceptor of Cadoc is here, and the following paragraphs, called Meuthi; in other accounts of the saint he is called Tathai, who, in the Achau Saint, is represented as of Armorican descent, and brother of St. Samson, but here and in the Liber Landavensis, their father is called an Irishman, which is perhaps more correct, as Tathai or Tathan is a proper Irish name, equivalent to Dewi or David. Tathai is one of the Patron Saints of Llanvaches, which is called in the records with an alias Llandathai, very near Caerwent, which, we may therefore suppose was the town, the plundering of which would, it appears, have been extremely agreeable to Gwynlliw, and whose Lord, Caradog ap Ynyr Gwent, would no doubt, have been equally happy to have appropriated to his own use any of the herds and flocks of his neighbour that fell in his way. Tathai was the superior of a famous school at Caerwent, and there we may suppose Cadoc was educated. — W. ^ In the margin, " Dipped himself three times in the water, in the name of the holy Trinity." 31G LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. whicli iiiiraclc the divine goodness performed to make known the o-race of the child, according to the saying written in the Psahns, "The Lord is wonderfnl in his saints." Those three leaps of the young child denoted the mystical number of the holy Trinity, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, to Avhom, with all his might, and effect, he rendered obedience, studying to proceed daily from virtue to virtue, that he might deserve to see the God of all gods in Sion. And when the blessed Meuthi saw him leaping alone, he rejoiced, and with a more ready mind baptized him in the holy fountain, and according to the angelic command, gave him the name of Cathmail.^ 2. How THE BOY CaDOC WAS INSTRUCTED BY HOLY MeUTHI. The infant having been born a second time by the grace of baptism, the aforesaid presbyter returned him, after the manner of baptized persons, to his parents, saying, " Joyfully receive that child, who by the angelic command, was puri- fied by me in the laver of salvation, and preserve him for seven years from all injurious things, and this being done, resolve that he should be instructed in divine literature." AVhich being heard, the father of the child said to the holy presbyter, "To thee, before all the doctors of Britain, I will intrust my son, that after the fixed number of years are past, thou mayest instruct him in the liberal arts, and divine doc- trines, because thou art a true worshipper of God, and a skil- ful teacher of many disciples." To these words holy Meuthi answered, " All those things which you mention respecting this child, God willing I will effectually perform." These mat- ters being done as has been related, holy Meuthi having ob- tained the aforesaid cow, returned to his own habitation. 3. Of the Fountain which had suddenly sprung rp for the BAPTISM OF the CHILD BEING TURNED TO MeTHEOLIN. But we consider that it should not, by any means, be ' It is singular we are not told why or when the Saint took the name of Cadoc, as his baptismal name was Cathmail, which seems confirmed by the Liber Landavensis, p. 372, whore Llancarvan is called Cadmael.— W. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 817 passed over what the divine mercy did, to make manifest the grace of the oftmentioned child, respecting the afore- said fountain, in which holy Cathmail and Cadoc^ were baptized. In the first year after the baptism of Saint Cadoc, it was, as is related by the more skilful ancient writers of Britain, turned into mead, both in taste and colour. And in the second year it preserved the colour and sweetness of milk throughout the year. Therefore to those persons who dwelt in the country, wherein was the fountain, which flowed from the ground at the prayer of the said hermit, and for the love of Saint Cadoc, and drank thereof, it never failed nor lost its sweetness. But a very great dispute, and con- tention arose between unjust heirs, so that they dreadfully fought with each other, on the account of the fountain, and gi-eat slaughter of them was effected, namely a hundred countrymen slain, and many wounded, and those who re- mained, at length returned with their horses, and bloody clothes to their habitations. Therefore God the giver of all good things, who, by this fountain, deigned to show his be- nevolence, became angry and exasperated on account of their wickedness and injustice, and caused the liquor to re- turn to its natural insipidity, according to the saying to Moses, "I will hide from them my face, saith the Lord, I will see what their end shall be, for they are a fro ward ge- neration, children in whom is no faith." When the term of seven years was past, and all the allurements of the world being despised, the boy Cadoc, with the consent of his pa- rents, of his own accord, placed himself under the master- ship of his baptizer Meuthi to be instructed in sacred literature, and the liberal arts. And he willingly taking him, agreeably to the command of the angel, diligently in- structed him in Donatus and Priscian,^ and other arts for twelve years. Therefore when Cadoc, of pious memory. ^ Both Cathmail and Cadoc í but inaccurately, probably an ei " Meaning, Grammatical Learning ; Donatus and Priscian having been celebrated learned Grammarians. 2 s 318 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. had passed tlie age of childhood, he began to be greatly devoted to God, and to strive with all his might to obtain by Avell doing the inheritance of eternal life, and overcom- ing liis childhood, he gave up his mind to no pleasure. For what the evangelist said concerning the child Jesus, might not improperly be mentioned respecting this, his servant, " The child grew, and was comforted, and the Spirit of God was with him." 4. Of the punishment op the countryman, who refused to give FIRE TO THE CHILD CaDOC. On a certain day, when their fire was extinguished, the aforesaid presbyter ordered his humble auditor to fetch fire, to cook the meat; he readily obe3'ing the order of his master, immediately went to a thrashing floor, or Avin- nowing place for corn, where was a certain servant of his master, who was named Tidus, and was at that time drying oats, and he earnestly requested that he would give him fire for the use of his master. But the foolish rustic re- jected his request, and refused to give him any, except he would carry the burning coals in his cloak. Yet he, trust- ing in the Lord, received the coals of fire into his cloak ; and brought them to his master, without the garment being burnt. But it is not to be concealed that the rustic re- ceived a punishment due to his perverseness ; for the boy, in returning, beheld the rustic, and raising his eyes towards heaven, prayed to the Lord, saying, "I beseech thee, God the Father, Almighty, the Creator of heaven and earth, who grantest power on earth to thy servants by destroying scorpions, extinguishing poisons, casting out demons, giving sight to the blind, cleansing lepers, healing the sick, tam- ing the fierce, and subduing sinners and impious persons, hear niy prayers with thy ears, that this rustic by the kind- ling of his own firebrands, may with his thrashing floor and corn, be burnt together, and that his thrashing floor be cursed by God, so that no one, after his death, may use it for an age, and that his offspring be subject to the heathens. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 319 However I do not, by these supplications, which I have addressed to tliy goodness, wish that the aforesaid sinner should be condemned in his wickedness, since the Lord saith, " I will not the death of the sinner, but rather that he should be converted and live." And Paul, " Not rendering evil for evil, nor cursing for cursing, but contrarywise bless- ing." But that the divine virtue and power in this world might be manifest to the wicked, and they might the more fear thee, and abhor resisting those who serve thee; as it is read in Daniel, "Let all those who inhabit the earth, fear the God of Daniel, because he is a deliverer, and saviour, and performs miracles in heaven and in earth." The suj)- plication being ended, and he looking back, lo, the thrashing floor, which was cursed by him, and the foolish countryman above mentioned were set on fire, and altogether consumed. And in that place, where the thrashing or winnowing floor was situated, an unseemly fountain arose after the burning, in memory of divine vengeance, which causing there a small marsh, hitherto remains in memory of the circumstance. The docile boy Cadoc, as soon as he returned with the coals of fire, cast them from his unburnt cloak before the eyes of his master. This being done, as related, the senior said to him, " Most dear disciple, chosen servant of God, it is not lawful for me to teach thee any longer." Having heard this, the youth of good disposition, fearing lest that by doing something, he had incurred his indignation, said with a deep sigh, "How have I made thee angry with me, for thy wrath has the same effect upon me as fire; I have never been disobedient to thee, either in word or deed, nor an accuser, or whisperer among the brethren." And Meu- thi answering him said, " By no means, but as it is read in the gospel respecting the centurion, who when he requested Christ to heal his son, said unto him. Lord, I am not worthy that thou shouldst dwell any longer with me under my roof, and thou receivest instruction from me, for thy wisdom ex- ceeds my knowledge, and thy innocence is more eminent than my prudence, and thou art holier than I am, in every 320 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. respect. Therefore Avith the divine protection, and my blessing, and the angels accompanying thee, thou wilt pro- ceed ])rosperously wherever thou dost appoint to go." Then holy Meuthi after the departure of Cadoc taking into his consideration the aforesaid sacred fire, which he would not by any means dare to use, went and hid it as a precious treasure, burying it in the cemetery. Therefore from that day, until the time of king Howel, son of Owen king of Glamorgan,^ the place where the sacred fire had been hid- den by Saint JVIeuthi was universally known, and also on all persons, who came there with their cattle that were affected with various diseases, the divine mercy was accus- tomed to confer healing, until a certain malevolent man envying the gift of God, bestowed on man by this healing fire, unhappily by denying the place and fire, destroyed them that no one thereby should be cured of his disorder. Afterwards the fire and place have remained hitherto un- known, conferring health on no one. 5. Of tub departure op Cadoc from his master, and permission given him to proceed with the young pig. Therefore Saint Cadoc departed sorrowfully from his oft before mentioned instructor, and with frequent sighings, di- ligently sought a place appropriate for the worship of God, nor was he long deprived of his wish. At length he came to a certain valley covered with thorns and thistles; where however fatigue obliged him to rest some time, under the shade of an apj)le tree, but the hogs there feeding, on seeing him were affrighted, and at a quick pace fled to the swine- herd. Who when he saw the hogs affected with fear, was filled with anger, and being excited,' he arose, and taking his spear, searched in all directions for w^iom or Avhat had affrighted the hogs. Whence it happened that he came to • The mention in this paragraph of the year 1042, gives us a limit before • Howel ap Owen, king of Morganwg, who die u-ii, gives U8 a limit before wliicli this legend could not have been written, from the way in wliicli lie is introduced, it may bo inferred that its date must be fix long time after.— W. LIFE OF SAINT CADÒC. 321 the place where Saint Cadoc prayed, near the roots of the aforesaid tree; and seeing him, he suspected that he was a thief, and with upraised right hand, endeavoured to stab him with the point of his spear. But God seeing the wickedness of the swineherd from on high, immediately caused his extended arm to become stiff, so that he could not draw it to him, nor on the contrary was he able to ex- tend it, and he immediately lost the sight of both his eyes. So that without doubt the venerable Cadoc by the direction of God, commendably escaped the dangerous rage of the furious swineherd. And the swineherd using lamentable expressions, and as- certaining with his feet, and left hand only, the injury that had been done to his limbs, knew that Cadoc, whom ho de- sired to kill, was a servant of God, and addressed him in a sorrowful manner, as follows, "I beseech thy piety with earnest entreaties, that for the ineffable mercy of God, thou wouldst for me, who suffer from the incorporeal bonds of divine vengeance, loosen my miserable limbs, and grant to my blindness the eye-sight that has been taken away." To these words, Cadoc said, "Thou wilt receive no cure from God, until thou goest to thy master, namely Poul Pen- nychen." But he mentioned, " You see, most faithful ser- vant of God, that I am deprived of the sight of both eyes, and my miserable body is, as it were bound with iron chains, and therefore I am not able to travel." To whom Cadoc replied, " Only believe that all things are possible to God, both in heaven and in earth;" and he answered, "I believe. Lord." And again the blessed man said to him, " He who opened the eyes of one born blind, and raised Lazarus from the grave, wherein he had lain for four days, will open thine eyes, and in the presence of thy master, and of those who will be sitting with him, the marrow of all thy limbs will be instantly restored, and I command thee that when thou wilt tell thy master those things, which have been done to thee by God through me, and hast re- ceived the sight of thy eyes, thou wilt salute him for me 322 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. and ask him to come to me, that by sight, and conver- sation I may be deemed worthy to engage his attention; for he his my uncle." Having heard these things, the blind and wretched man immediately arose, nothing doubting of obtaining his cure through the mercy of God ; and his foot- steps being directed by God, he came strait to the residence of his master, which is called in the British language, Nant Poul ; and striking the doors with his blind forehead, he called the porters with a loud voice, and lamentably asked for an entrance. And the porters beholding him, and hav- ing comjiassion on him, on account of his calamity, anxiously enquired how he had lost his sight, and how he came to be seized with such debility. But he returned no answer, and kept the matter a secret until he entered the hall of his mas- ter, and while standing, plainly related to him all the things that had by God, through Saint Cadoc, been done to him ; and having scarcely uttered the words to him, his blindness was taken away, and his former sight restored; scales like those of a fish fell from his eyes, and the virtue of genial strength was restored to his stiffened right hand. These things being seen and heard, the aforesaid Poul greatly wondered, and receiving the command of the man of God, rejoiced with exultation, and thinking that the holy Cadoc would always prefer temporal glory, and an earthly kingdom to the service of God, he put on his best clothes, and with twelve chosen soldiers, and conducted by the afore- said swineherd, went joyfully to the man of God, and found him praying under the shade of the said apple tuee, and not only he himself, but also all his attendant soldiers alighted from their horses, fell down at the feet of the blessed Cadoc, and addressed him with such words as the following, "We return due thanks to God, and greatly rejoice on account of thy happy arrival; if thou wilt set aside the service of re- ligion, and promise to take the royal sceptre, as suits thy dig- nity, for the rights of the whole kingdom belong to thee, and we all will become subject to thy government, because thou art the ])rincii)al heir to this kingdom." To which words LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 323 Cadoc said, "The service of divine religion, I will never for- sake for the allurements of the deceitful world, nor will I prefer earthly to heavenly things, neither will I despise what is eternal for what is momentary; and a spot for one cot- tage, of all thy territory, will be sufficient for me." The subregulus answered him, "I expected that thou wouldst have asked for some very large gifts, now thou dost request the smallest, therefore choose and possess whatever may be agreeable to thy will and pleasure." To whom the blessed man uttered these words. " It wearies me to examine the various places of this desert, and this valley, not a little re- mote from habitations, I choose before all others to dwell in ; and here I think proper to serve God devoutly with my fellow soldiers, the clergy. According to what is writ- ten in the Psalms, "Here shall be my resting place for ever; here will I dwell, because I have chosen it." Things of this sort having been done, and a dwelling place for the blessed Cadoc been granted, the aforesaid subregulus re- turned to his own habitation. The venerable man with his clergy passed the following night in prayers to God, that he would inform them of a place to build on for him, and by grubbing up the bushes to make plain. For in that valley there was no dry place, it being a Avatery moor, producing notliing but reeds, and it was full of various kinds of reptiles and snakes, except what surrounded a bush, under which a great white boar usually passed its time ; also in the middle of the said bush, in the upper part, a swan was accustomed to build its nest every year. And as~tE(rvenBrabte man finished his prayer, lo, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream, and said to him, " Thy prayer has been heard by the Lord ; therefore on ris- ing early in the morning, thou wilt find a place for build- ing an oratory, plain, and made level, and when thou wilt walk over it, thou wilt see a bristly white old boar leaping, being aíFrighted at the noise of thy footsteps; and there thou mayest lay the foundation of thy church in the name of the Holy Trinity; afterwards in the place where 324 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. the boar will again stop, thou mayest build a dormitory, and again, where, in his jirogress, he will make a third stopping, there thou mayest construct thy refectory." And Saint Cadoc rising early in the morning, saw that the rough and bushy places had, by the direction of God, been made level, as the angel had mentioned. Therefore the venerable man came by the angelic command to the aforesaid bush, in the middle of the cleared valley, and observed a remark- able great boar rising from the sound of his footsteps, and also a white swan flying awa}', being driven from its nest by fear. And the boar stopped its course not far from the aforesaid thicket, and looked back towards Saint Cadoc, as if pointing out the place: it then proceeded a little farther, and again for a little while stopped its progress. Then the blessed man marked by the fixing of three twigs, the three stations of the boar; and he built in the first station a re- markable monastery of wooden materials, in the second, a a refectory and castle, and in the third, a dormitory. 6. How THE MAN OF GoD FIRST BUILT A MONASTERY. After this miracle was made known to all the western Britons, a great many of the clergy from all parts through- out Britain, flowed eagerly, like a river, to Saint Cadoc, that they might learn to imitate his wisdom, and his ac- tions, for he always cheerfully received all who were anxi- ously desirous to pay instant obedience to the commands of God, and gave themselves up to the study of the Holy Scriptures. Then the holy man undertook to raise up a large mound of earth, and to make therein a very hand- some cemetery, to be dedicated in honour of God, where the bodies of the faithful might be buried near to the church. The mound being completed, and the cemetery also constructed therein, he made, through impassable ])laces, four large footpaths across four declivities of the ris- ing grounds, which surrounded his residence, following literally, and spiritually, the evangelical precept, which says, " Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. OZO strait." Likewise this man of God, not only by labouring bodily with his hands, convei-ted uneven, indirect, and rough ways into good roads, but also converted the hearts of many which were infected, and perverse with divers errors, to the right way of the Lord. Likewise he chose another place for himself, and caused to be raised therein, of the soil of the earth, another mound in the form of a round city, and on the mound, to be erected, what in the language of the Britons is Kastell Cadoc, (The Castle of Cadoc.) For he thought it proper that he should pass his life, labouring with his hands, and he dreaded to consume idly the la- bours of another person, hoping through the suiferings of present exertion, to pass to the glory of eternal rest, according to what is written in the Psalms, " Labour with thy hands, for he that eateth," and so forth. And the apostie says, " Let every one of you labour, working with his hands, that he may give to those who suffer need." And again, " Let no one of you eat the bread of idleness ; and he who does not labour, should not eat." He indeed, although he was the proprietor of ranch land, was accustomed to sow his corn only in one fertile acre, which, in the language of the inhabitants, was called Erwgwen, or (The White Acre.) And it was known to all who read or heard the Life of the pious father Cadoc, that such acre, on account of the bene- diction and sanctity of the man of God, obtained the vene- rable name. 7. How Saint Cadoc sailed to Ireland. It therefore happened that on a certain day, after a long space of time, the blessed Cadoc spoke to his disciples after this manner, saying, " My most dear brethren, I have a very great desire to sail to Ireland, for the sake of teaching." And they answering said, '• We know indeed, kind JNIaster, that thou formest such designs as are pleasing to God, and according to the will of God; for whatever thou dost ask of him, thou dost immediately obtain, and thou dost not contemplate anything that is wicked or perverse, for thou 326 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. kuowest that it is better to be constantly meditating on the Holy Scriptures, according to the Proverbs of the Wise Man, "Son, acquire learning in thy youth, and thou Avilt find wisdom Avith thy grey hairs, and it will be to thee as a father and mother." And afterwards he ordered a strong boat l)esmeared with pitch to be prepared for him in the harbour of the sea, that he might safely sail therein to Ire- land. And some of his disciples being assembled together, uttered these words, " Lord, wherever thou dost go, we will follow thee." He saith to them, " Some of you shall go with me, but others shall here remain to keep faithfully my monastery and to^ni, until I come back. And it was so done. Therefore Saint Cadoc sailed over the Irish sea, and with a seasonable and prosperous course, came to land, and coming in good time, he employed himself in diligently searching for the most excellent master of that country, so that he might by him be more perfectly instructed in the seven liberal arts; and thirsting eagerly for improvement in learning, he at length came prosperously to the principal city of that country, which is called Lismore Muchutu. And he was graciously received by the most learned master of that town, and all the clergy there resident; and on account of his sanctity and humility, they sumamed him with the name of the principal saint of that city, JMuchutu, with which chief doctor he remained three years, until he suc- ceeded in gaining perfection in the learning of the West. It is reported that a monastery in honour to Saint Cadoc was built in that city. 8. How Cadoc returned prom Ireland. Three years having passed away, he returned in a very celebrated manner from Ireland with a large company of Irish, and British clergy, among whom were the religious and very learned men, namely Finian Macmoil and Gna- van, said to be the most celebrated, and skilful of all the British disciples. From hence, therefore, he came to the Jiritish shore, and withdrew witli his dependents into the LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 327 district of Breckaock, for he had heard that a celebrated rhetorician of the name of Bachan, had come from Italy to that country. As the blessed Cadoc had heard the fame of his knowledge, he much wished to be taught Latin by him after the Roman method. And at that time there was a great famine in the district of Brecknock. When the holy man came to the aforesaid dogmatist, Saint Cadoc sujjpli- antly asked him, if he would deign to take him to be in- structed; to whom he answered, " My son, I am ready, but I am very apprehensive lest food for thee, and thy fellow disci- ples should be Avanting, and ye should suffer fi-om hunger." These things being heard, the man of God, having strong con- fidence in the Lord, and urgent in his supplications, watered his sorrowful cheeks with tears, that he might be provided with food for them, by the Giver of all things ; wherefore in the course of that day, it happened that a certain mouse went out of its hole carrying in its mouth a grain of corn to the blessed Cadoc, and in a playful manner placed it on a table before his eyes. The same mouse came and re- turned seven times, and hid as many grains in its heap, shewing by a sign that the divine mercy was present with bim. At length he caught the same little mouse, and tied it by the foot, that he might diligently search into the mystery of the affair ; afterwards he sent for the aforesaid scholastic, drew out the grain, and related to him minutely what had been done. Both persons knowing that a miracle had been made known to them by God, took counsel to- gether, and Cadoc asked and received from a certain widow, a long and fine thread, which he tied to a foot of the mouse, and letting it proceed with the loosened thread, he followed it, until the said little animal came toji certain moundj under which Avas a very beautiful subterranean house, built of old, and full of clean wheat. And;. there it presently went in, through a dark hole, and soon returned bringing in its mouth one grain^of corn as before. But who had built that house, or who had placed there such a large quantity of corn, is hitherto unknown. But it is most s>- aZÖ LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. certainly known that it was a divine gift granted to the servant of the Lord, to drive away Avant from himself, and from his companions ; which having- been seen. Saint Cadoe, returning to liis master and companions, related to them what he had seen ; and his master spoke to him, as foIloMs, " By this, I know that thou art a true worshipper of God, and art strengthened by him in all thy journeys ; wherefore I the more anxiously desire, with all my heart, that' thou remain with me for the purpose of reading, so long as it may please thee." When therefore the servant of God had heard these words with his ears, he rejoiced not a little, and said, "If you order, Lord Father, this divine gift to the poor and hungry, we shall claim the sentence of the Wise Man, and it shall be deservedly given to us." " He who hideth corn shall be cursed by the people, and a bless- ing shall be on the head of those who give it." Therefore while he remained with the aforesaid doctor, he distributed the corn given to him by God, to all poor persons, giving to every one in proportion to his poverty. Wherefore as the fame of this miracle was increasing throughout the district, the joyful report reached the ears of Brychan, the grandfather of the blessed Cadoc, with M'orthy admiration, who gave to the man of God the part of the field, Avherc- in the corn was found, which is named, Llanspyddid,^ in which place the man of God built a monastery for himself. 9. Of the return op the blessed Cadoc to his principal Monastery. Therefore the blessed Cadoc, when he found himself sufficiently instructed in the learning of the doctor, commen- ded his oratory to his teacher Bachan, and some of his at- tendants, and returned to his own habitation in his dear country at Llancarvan. Also another miracle of the same venerable father is said to have taken place ; for when he returned to his own town of Llancarvan, from whence he ' About two miles eastward from Brecknock, where the church is dedicated to St. Cadoc; which saint however is considered by Professor Uces to be Cadoc, son of Brychan.— Essay on the Welsh Saints, page 143. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 329 had been absent for a length of time, he beheld his princi- pal monastery destroyed, and the rafters of the roofs and rubbish of the building scattered over the cemetery; and grieving at the ruin, he earnestly desired, with the permis- sion of God, to rebuild it. Therefore he sent for all his clergy and some workmen, and they all went to a grove for the purpose of bringing from thence the materials of timber, ex- cepting two youths, namely Finian and Macmoil, who, with the permission of the man of God, remained that they might pass the time in reading. Then the steward, the cook, and sexton coming forwards, scolded them, saying, " How long will you be disobedient, without doing any good with your fellow disciples? disliking to work, ye eat the bread of idleness ; therefore hasten to the wood, and bring the timber here quickly with your companions." But they answering, said, " We are not able to draw carts after the manner of oxen." But they shewed to them in derision two stags standing near the wood, and said as follows, " Lo, two very strong oxen stand near the wood, go quickly and catch them." And they going, through their great haste, left a book open in the place where they sat, in the open air; and in the name of Christ they ordered the stags to stop, who immediately set aside their wildness, and being gently covered, they submitted their untamed necks to the yoke. And they brought home, as domestic oxen, a great beam fastened to their yoke, which four powerful oxen could scarcely draw, and then being loosened from their yoke were allowed to return to their pastures. And Saint Cadoc beholding and greatly admiring what was done, enquired of them, saying, " Who ordered you to come to me to give your assistance to draw the timber without being dismissed from your reading?" And they related to him the reproaches of the aforesaid three persons railing against them; and he, being inflamed with anger, inflicted a curse on the afore- said three officials, as follows, " May God do this to them," and he added, " that those three persons die by the worst 330 I'lFK Ul- SAINT CADOC. death of a sword, or be killed by hunger." In that very hour, a heavy shower of rain fell throughout the whole district, and the man of God enquired of the aforesaid disci- ples Avhere they had left the book. And they being afraid said, " In the place where we were employed in reading it, being forgetful through great haste, we left it exposed in the open air." And the man of God went to it, and great- ly wondering, found the book altogether uninjured by the rain. Therefore that book is called in memory of the blessed man, in the British language, " Cov Cattwg," that is, "The Memory of Cadoc." Also, it is reported that a chapel in honour of Saint Finian was built in the place, Avhere, amidst showers and storms his book was found dry, and free from rain. From the aforesaid two stags, who were yoked after the manner of oxen, and drew the cart, the principal town of Saint Cadoc received from the an- cient British inhabitants, the name Nantcarvan, that is the Valley of Stags, whence Nantcarban, that is, from a Valley and a Stag. 10. How Saint David, by the command op an angel, assembled A SYNOD. In that time, wherein these things were done. Saint David, a true confessor of God, and a chief Bishop, shone with great virtues in Britain ; to Avhom an angel sent from God said, " Arise, be not slow, and constitute a synod by assembling all the clergy, and elders, and aged persons." To whom, the blessed David said, " I am ready, at thy orders, to perform, if I were worthy, whatever is pleasing to the Lord, but there is one descended from the nobility of Britain, who is more worthy by birth, more distingaiished for sanctity, more sagacious in imderstanding, and more skilful in discourse for assembling a synod, whose name is Cadoc, and he dwells at Glywysig, without whose leave, and consent, I will not by any means presume to undertake so great an affair." To whom the angel said, " Obey my com- mands, in the smallest matter, nor fear him in any respect, LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 331 for he will not stand in thy way at all in this matter, as he is at present gone a great way off, and according to what the angel has said, let both be accomplished." Cadoc indeed had undertaken a journey, and David after his departure assem- bled a large synod in the city of Brevi. 12. Op the peregrination of the man of God, and the conception op a barren queen through his prayers. Therefore Saint Cadoc went forwards without money and satchel, having perfect confidence in God, who says, " I say unto you, take no thought for your life, saying what shall we eat, and what shall we drink, neither for your body, what ye shall put on." And again, " Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you," and so forth. The venerable man went forwards, and he was kindly received by all wherever he came. Shortly afterwards he went from thence by sea, and favourable breezes of wind swelling the sails, he landed in the islands of Grimbul. And there he went up to a certain city of that country, where a very rich king resided, whose wife was barren, whom he very much irritated by finding fault with her, saying, " Depart from me, because thou art not worthy of a conjugal husband, for thy womb is cursed by the Lord, since thou bearest not fruit on the earth." The queen hearing that saint Cadoc had come to the city, quickly met him in his walks, and mournfully besought his kindness, saying, " I beseech thee, most faithful servant of God, that thou wilt deign to inter- cede with the Lord for me, thy miserable servant, for I am affected with the disgrace of baiTenness, as with some griev- ous disease." And the common people, admiring, followed him as he went on, and all of them, as if with one mouth, earnestly besought the man of God for her. And the blessed Cadoc said to her, "Go in peace, the Lord will grant thee thy petition, in what thou askest for." But she added, "I wish that thy servant may find grace in thy eyes; if I should have either a son, or a daughter, I will give him 332 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. up to the service of the Lord all his days, and will consign him to thy protection. Therefore the king knew his wife in that night, and the Lord remembered her, and she con- ceived, and afterwards at length brought forth a son, whom she called by the name Elli.^ From thence the beloved Cadoc went into Greece, and at length came to Jerusalem ; where Christ was born, suffered, was buried, arose from the dead, and ascended into heaven. And, as it is most truly reported, a knowledge of the lan- guages of those nations through which, in going and return- ing, he passed, was given him by the Lord, and he spake in various tongues like to the primitive church of disciples in the time of Christ. On a certain day, while he was walk- ing about the church of the Lord, he saw in the cemetery, three very beautiful stones which were fit for the perfor- mance of the service of Christ, namely very suitable for an altar, and he said, " I wish that these three very elegant stones, would by the direction of God, and flying after the manner birds, be removed to my dear monastery." After a space of three years, he returned to the aforesaid islands, and there found the boy Elli, whom the aforesaid barren queen, after his absence, the time intervening, had brought forth. Pious Cadoc therefore received him, and carried him on his own shoulders, and protecting him from all injuries, educated and instructed him ; for he greatly loved him, and with more than the love of a father and mother, because his mother had devoted him to God, and had given him to be protected by him, when indeed he was chosen a servant of God. 12. Op a certain Life-guardsman, who disappeared like smoke BEFORE the FACE OP CaDOC. A certain malicious sergeant lived in the town of Gwyn- llwg, a relative of the pious Cadoc, who, during his peregri- ■ ' ''"''^A'^''»" y Saint, published in the lolo MSS. mention a Saint of the nnnip of Elli, in Brychemiog, whose commemoration is on the 23rd of Februan-. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 333 nation, through envy, slew his cousin Cynvelyn. And when he discovered that the memorable man had returned, he was seized with great fear, and quickly fled from his presence ; afterwards as the holy man followed him, he vanished before his eyes, Jjy the direction of God, as dust or smoke before the wind. Thou wast present, O Christ, exercising the power of thy majesty, who every where dost exalt the humble that believe in thee, as it is written, "The friends of God are greatly honoured." Moreover, after the man of God had returned to his mo- nastery, he beheld the three wished for stones, which he had before so much desired at Jerusalem to be carried to his church, and had prayed devoutly that they might be in his monastery, become three altars, one of which he gave to Elli, another to Macmoil, but the third he kept to himself. 13. Of the Robbers swallowed up by toe earth. To this miracle, the divine power performed another not unlike it, to declare the merits of the blessed man. There was a certain general named Sawyl, living not far from the monastery, who, full of wicked desires, came with his ac- complices, to his habitation, and took by force from thence meat and drink, and his attendants, as well as himself, eat and drank by turns ; and the clergy sighing on account of such disgrace, entered the church, which occasionally was deprived of the presence of the man of God, and devoutly requested fi-om the Lord, the castigation of the invaders. And when they wept with great lamentation, the holy man came unexpectedly, and enquired of them the cause of so much sorrow, to whom relating the occasion, he spoke with a confident countenancce, " Have patience, for patience is the mother of all virtues, suffer them to load their hearts with surfeiting and drunkenness, and being drunk, they will also fall asleep, and while they are sleeping, shave off with very sharp razors the half part of their beard and hair, to their very great disgrace, and also in like manner, cut off" the lips 2 u 334 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. and ears of their horses;" and they did as they were ordered. Then the kicked robbers having digested in their sleep a little of the superfluity of food, at length awoke, and stupid from their excessive drinking, mount their horses, and commence their journey as soon as they could. Then the man of God said to his clergy, " Let every one of you put on his cloth- ing and shoes, and go to meet your enemy, for otherwise you will be killed, for he will return and slay us, from the greatest to the least, with the sword, when he will discover that they Avere derided by us." Each person therefore put on his clothes, and Saint Cadoc likewise was clothed with his garment, and nearly fifty clergymen followed him, to meet the destructive tyrant with songs, and h)Tiins, and psalms. And when they ascended a certain mound, Sawyl PenucheP and his attendants came down to meet them. Then before the eyes of the servant of God, the earth opened its mouth, and swallowed up the tyrant with his companions alive, on account of their ■svickedness, lest they might cruelly slay the man of God, and his clergy. And the ditch, where thy were swalloM'ed up, is known unto this day by all persons there passing; which always remaining open in testimony of this thing, is not allowed to be filled up by any one. And Cadoc of good memory, and his clergy returned to their own residence with great triumjih, glorifying God, and singing the Ambrosian hymn, " Te Deum laudamus," and what follows to the end. These things having been per- formed, the blessed Cadoc, his brethren being present, blessed them in the following manner, saying, " Blessed are ye in the Lord, and this blessed discourse and your counsel will give this privilege and prerogative in the Lord to you twelve barbers, designating the typical number of the t\^•elve 'apostles, and all the rest holding your turn in this town to posterity. If judgment, and useful counsel be wanting in ' Sawyl rcnuclicl wns son of Pal» Post rndain, and father of Saint Asaph. His naino is generally included among the Welsh Saints. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 335 all the courts, let it be found here amongst you; if twelve appointed wise men should be wanting, let the counsel of twelve irregular clergy be had; if twelve clergymen should not be present, then let judgment and advice be permitted to twelve young boys, virgins, and undefiled women. 14. Of the indulgence to Saint David for assembling THE Synod. Some of the disciples of the blessed man being assembled together, spoke to each other, " Which of us will under- take to relate to our master, the things that were done in Britain by Saint David whilst he travelled abroad?" To this they were all silent, nor would any one presume to mention the matter to him; they cast lots therefore in this business, and the lot fell upon Finnian. Therefore Saint Finnian arose in the midst of the brethren with great tre- pidation, and placing himself at the feet of the man of God, devoutly begged that he would not be angry with him, and he related how an universal synod had been assembled by Saint David whilst he travelled abroad. Which thing greatly displeased him, and he became very angry with Saint David for inflicting such disgrace, and he passed a day and night in fasting. Also in the same night, an angel of the Lord came to him, and spoke as follows, " I beseech J ! thee not to be angry with thy brother," for it is read in the epistle of John, " He who hateth his brother is a murderer," for the irregularity of this business was allowed to blessed David by angelic intervention ; wherefore the angel said in addition, "Because thou hast obeyed my voice, and at my intreaty hast forgiven what was committed against thee, the Lord my God will deliver thy castle full of the souls of men from eternal punishment, in the day of judgment; and as many shaggy hairs as are in thy cloak, a kind of garment, which the Irish wear out of doors, full of prominent shaggy hairs, wove into a kind of plush, so many men will be deliver- ed by thee from eternal punishment. And also on every sab- 336 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. bath, from this night for ever, one soul will be liberated from eternal torments for thy love; and all thy familiar friends Avho Avill die in this place, will be free from infernal punishment; and what is more, whatever thou dost request of God, will be granted." Then blessed Cadoc, rejoicing, arose in the town, and mentioned the angelic promises to his dis- ciples, saying, "Ye boys, praise the Lord, praise the name of the Lord, for his mercy is confirmed to us, and the truth of the Lord will remain for ever." 15. Of the Mansion of Saint Cadoc in the time of Lent. In the days of Lent, Saint Cadoc was accustomed to re- side in two islands. Barren and Echni.^ On Palm Sunday, he came to Nantcarvan, and there remained, performing Paschal service, feeding daily one hundred clergymen, and one hundred soldiers, and one hundred workmen, and one hundred poor persons, with the same number of widows. This Avas the number of his family, besides serving attend- ants'and esquires and well-dressed guests, the nimiber of which was uncertain, a multitude of Avhom frequently came to him. Nor is it to be wondered at, for being rich he was able to feed so many, being an Abbot and a Prince over the teiTÌtory of his progenitor; from Fynnon Hen,^ that is, from the Old Fountain, as far as the mouth of the river Rhymny; and he possessed all the territory from the river Gulich^ to the river Nadauan,^ from Pentyrch direct to the valley of Nantcarvan: and from that valley to the Gurimi,* that is the Lesser Rhymny, towards the sea. 1 Barry island, and the Flat Holmes, in the Bristol Channel ' Presuming Fynnon Hen to have been somewhere near the river Usk, the boundaries of Cadoc's patrimonial inheritance agrees with the prescribed limits of Gly»7sig, see page 309. ■■ The rivers Golych and Dawon, or Daw, in Glamorganshire j the former falls into tlie latter, which empties itself into the British Channel at Aberthaw. ■* Gwy Rymi, probably the stream which runs near Cado-Nton juxta Barrj-, and falls into the Bristol Channel, near Barry island. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 337 16. How THE EARTH SWALLOWED UP THE ROBBERS ALIVE ; AND OP THE CONVERSION OF SaINT IlTUTUS.1 On a certain da}', when Saint Cadoc sat in his chair teaching the people, fifty of the soldiers of a certain regains, namely Ponl with the surname of Penychen, who with hawks catched birds, came to take food from him whether he would or no; to whom, it is said, he ordered twenty wheaten loaves to be given, and a tierce that is a vessel, full of ale, and a fat grazing sow. All these being taken, and carried off by them to the field of Meditullium, which is called Medgard, not far fi-om the town, and there deposited, they sat down about the tierce of ale, in order and in the form of a circle surrounding it; and having cut up the pig into small pieces, they carefully prepared them to dinner. There was a certain military oflftcer in that warfare, named lUtyd, who was absent when they committed the crime, but they would by no means presume to dine before his return. Therefore while they waited for him, and abstained on that account from the prepared food, lo, Illtyd came suddenly ; but before he alighted from his horse, the ground unex- pectedly broke under them, and in the twinkling of an eye, they were overwhelmed in a deep abyss, according to what David has mentioned, "• The earth opened its mouth, and swallowed Dathan, and covered the congregation of Abi- ram." But the food and the tierce of beer which I have mentioned, were carried by a divine miracle to a certain mound, and it was settled that they should remain un- touched and undefiled. The aforesaid Illtyd beholding these things with his own eyes, hastened his chariot, and falling down at the feet of the blessed Cadoc, mentioned how the divine vengeance had destroyed his companions, that is the guards of the afore- said regulus, for the injury they had done to him. Also 1 Saint Illtyd, was certainly contemporary with Cadoc ap Gwynlliw, although the Welsh accounts of him would lead one to suppose that he lived half a century earlier, as he is made to appear as the nephew or great nephew of Saint Germanus, bishop of Aux- 338 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. tlie same officer besought the mfin of God, with earnest en- treaties, in the name of the divine majesty, that he Avould grant to liim tlie monastic habit, and would intimate the same by giving liim the marlcs of service, as tlie shaving of his hair and beard. Then he complying with his entreaties, the said officer, leaving his earthly warfare, and renouncing altogether secular weapons, and paying obedience to divine ordinances, gave himself up to observe with all his might the doctrines of his master. Whence it is said, " The earth has covered them, never to return to the world." Illtyd believed such acts as he had seen; he who had been a vic- torious soldier through many cities, changed his warfare for obtaining the highest crown, being made a monk, he pro- fited in various ways. Therefore the man of the Lord sent some young men, who brought the aforesaid meat and drink, and therewith satisfied as many poor persons as there were of robbers, who had been before disagreeably disappointed. 17. Op an Architect being raised from the dead by Saint Cadoc. Also, at another time, when the blessed Cadoc again de- parted from thence, being desirous to exhibit elsewhere a ser- vice devoted to God, came by the divine direction to a certain city placed near a great river, which is called Neath, and beholding the place, presently gave orders that a house of prayer should be there built for him. Workmen to the number of twelve proceeding to the wood, for the purpose of felling timber for building the oratory, informed the whole country what was going on. Wherefore it happened that a certain Irishman, named Ijinguri, a stranger, but a skilful architect, being forced by poverty, came to him -with his children, that by the practice of his skill, he might pro- cure food for himself and family, and he was gladly received by the man of God, and engaging in the work, with twelve workmen, very soon excelled them all in skill and ability. But the other twelve envying him, wickedly killed him; and cutting off his head, they fastened a great stone to the LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 339 trunk of his borly, and cast it into a deep pool. When they, according to custom returned home, the sons of the skilful person not seeing their father as usual, wept with lamen- table expressions. And when the man of God heard the wailing, he quickly enquired the cause of such mournful lamentation. The workmen thereupon being quickly called together, excused themselves with all their might, and with much cavilling asserted that they did not know what had become of the aforesaid architect. Therefore the man of God in order to be informed of their wickedness, passed the night with all his clergy in watching and prayer, that therein the \ ,' truth of the matter might be declared to them. In the \ ,. '• '^ morning when prayers were ended, lo, the beheaded archi- \ V tect, carrying his head in his bosom, and a large stone on | his back, and wet and bloody, with a woeful and horrid countenance, appeared to the venerable man, and his disci- ples. Wonderful to be said, but easily to be effected by God, the head which had been cut off spoke as follows : — " Servant of God, fix me on the neck, in the former state, and I will relate to thee every thing concerning this matter, which hitherto are unknown to thee." And he did as re- quested. And the murdered architect, Linguri, related to him the dreadful crime of the aforesaid twelve workmen, and how that being excited by envy, they had villainously slain him. To whom he said in answer, " Choose which you wish to have of these two things, whether to live again in this mortal state, and become a future dead body, or to return to eternal life to reign for ever with God." And he said, " Sir, that my soul may return to eternal life." And while he yet spoke, he expired. Therefore the holy man ordered his disciples to place the aforesaid stone, which the murdered architect had carried on his back, upright in the earth, near the wood, in memory of the miracle, and to bury him there nigh to it, and directed that all the township should be called after his name Lanlynguri.^ Also 1 Probably Glynleiros near Neath. 340 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. by this stone, the Lord cures those who cannot hokl their urine, and are afflicted with divers kinds of diseases, for tlie love of Saint Cadoc and Lynguri, to this very day. 18. Of the Dispute between Saint Cadoc and king Arthur, respecting the reconciliation of a certain person. Therefore at that time, a certain brave general of the Bri- tons, named Ligessawc^ the son of Eliman, who had also the surname of Lawhir, that is Long Hand, slew three soldiers of Arthur, the most illustrious king of Britain; and Arthur pursuing him every where, he found no safe place, and no one ventured to protect him for fear of the aforesaid king ; until at length being wearied by very frequent flights, he came a fugitive to the man of God. Who commiserating his labours kindly received him, trusting in the Lord, and not fearing Arthur, according to our Lord's command, " Fear not those who kill the body, and cannot kill the soul, but rather fear him who can kill both body and soul in hell." Therefore he remained with him safe in the country of Gwynllwg, without the knowledge of Arthur, for seven years. Which being passed, he was betrayed to the said king, and the same at last came with a large force of soldiers to the river Usk, for the sake of pleading in a trial at law, for he dared not to contend with violence against the man of God. Therefore he sent ambassadors to the king, and enquired of him if he would refer the dispute to the verdict of skilful judges. And he acquiesced, for Saint Cadoc having sent for three principal persons from divers parts of the country, namely David and Teilo and Dochu,- and also Keneder^ and Maidoc,'' with many other clergymen, and senior judges of all Britain, who, assembling on the ^ Ligessawc son of Eliman, may perhaps be the Llyngessog of the Liber Lan Javensis, p. 391, living ill the time of Saint Oudoceua. " Saint Oudoceus, afterwards Bishop of Llandaff. "Probably Saint Cynidr, a grandson, or great grandson of Brych.an; and founder ofthe churches of Llangynidr and Aberyscir, in Brecknockshire. * Aoddan Koeddog,— Saint Aldus. Sec his life .and that of Saint D.-svid; also I'ro- fossor Rees-s Welsh Saints, p. 227, and the Liber Landavensis, p. 337. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 341 banks of the great river Usk, met together, he preceding them. Tliere also, after the manner of enemies, they dis- puted the matter with bitter words, from both sides of the river, and contended for a length of time against each other. After an intermission in the altercation, the more skilful of some of the judges decreed that Arthur ought to receive for the redemption of every one of his men, who was slain, three very good oxen. Others however fixed that one hundred cows should be given as the price of every person who had been killed ; for from ancient times the judgment among the Britons was of this kind, and the price Avas ap- pointed by the ministers of kings and generals. This being accepted, Arthur, in an insolent manner, refused cows of one colour, but would have those of two colours, viz: — with the fore part red, and the hind part white, and required those so distinguished by colour, with much wrangling. And they, being altogether ignorant where cattle of that colour were to be found, were in doubt what they should do respecting them. Therefore the man of God, in the name of three persons, ordered young men of the company, to the number of nine, or more as some say, to bring to him one hundred heifers, of whatever colour they might be. And when the said animals were brought before his eyes and those of other servants of God, they were, on account of the pre verse desire of Arthur, immediately turned into the aforesaid colours. And the company of all the clergy, and many other faithful worshippers of God, who had been assembled by the blessed man, beholding this miracle, greatly rejoiced, and glorified God. Moreover the man of God consulted what ought justly to be done respecting the aforesaid cattle, and an answer was given from one of the sides of the company of judges, " It is right that thou shoulde st drive them in a flock to the middle of the ford." Therefore he drove them until Arthur Kai and Bedwyr with others sitting on the banks of the river met them ; and Kai and Bedwyr, greatly desiring to have them, drew them by their horns with their hands to the river's side ; but immediately, 342 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. whilst they were in their hands, they were by the direction of changed into bundles of fern. Which miracle being seen God by Arthur, he humbly intreated the blessed man that the injury Avhich he had inflicted on him should be forgiven liim. And jiardon for the offence was granted to him, ac- cording to the evangelical precept, " Forgive and ye shall be forgiven." Therefore the aforesaid king, having entered into counsel with his army, granted him his refuge for seven years, and for as many months, and for the same number of days. If any stranger therefore in some appointed time, should leave the town of Cadoc, desiring greatly to depart and sail to some distant part of the world, and by chance through the force of storms, or by contrary winds in a tem- pest, be driven to his harbour that is barren, and again re- turn to his former refuge or place, according to the tradi- tion of the elders, he is to be attended with service, and readily received to the last term of his life. This, Arthur, and all his generals with all the elders of Britain corrobo- rating it, said, " AVe also, in the hearing of you all, bear witness to the words of this decree, whoever will trans- gress them, may God add to him all the plagues written in the old and new law, and may his name be blotted from the book of life. But whoever will keep them, may he be filled with all the blessings of the old and new Testament, and may they descend and remain upon him, and also may his soul be settled in eternal glory." The council being finished, all the cows which had been changed into bundles of fern, were found safe in the stalls of their owners. And from that day, the place is called in the British language, Trefredinauc, The Town of Fern. All persons returning peaceably from the trial. Saint Cadoc gave three villages to the said no- bles, one to David, another to Teilo, and the third to Doc- guinnus. The names of which Tillages, and of their posses- sors, are as follow : — to the blessed David he gave Llan- dewi Penybei ; to Teilo Merthyr Teemed ; and to Dogu- uinuus Landubrguir. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 343 19. Op the revenge on the king op North Wales fob the INJURY done to the MAN OF GoD. Also another miracle, known to all the Britons residing in those parts, is ascribed to the same holy patron. In those days, a certain king, of the name of Maelgon,^ reigned over all Britain, who sent some of his young men to the region of Gwynllwg, that they might there receive tribute. Who coming to the house of the steward of Cadoc, seized his very beautiful daughter, and took her away with them. And the men of Gwynllwg assembling together, jnirsued them, and killing some, and wounding many more, the rest escaped to their master. Which being done, the aforesaid king became greatly excited with anger, and collecting his troops, they formed a camp in the district of Gwynllwg, near a fountain, which, in their language, is called Ffynon Brit- trou ; that they might, on the following day, plunder all the country. Which being heard, the inhabitants of Gwynllwg were much frightened, and related the matter to the man of God, as follows, " Maelgon, king of North Wales, has come to our borders with his troops, and to-night he re- mains with his army nigh to the Brittrou fountain ; and to- morrow he will lay waste all your territory, and all the males Avill he furiously slay. Therefore assist us, who are feeble miserable and unarmed, by making peace with the cruel king, for otherwise we shall die. Those words being heard, the man of God said to the messenger, "Proceed quickly, and we will follow thee." And he, with three clergymen, followed the messenger by night, until they came to Gwynllwg, and the inhabitants of that district being affected with hostile fear, met them, and with great lamentation, besought him, saying, " Lord, assist us, and by thy great clemency, deliver us, because whatever thou dost request of the Lord thou dost obtain." He ' Maelgon, or Maelgwn Gwynedd, died about the year 560, of the yellow plague. He vas therefore contemporary with St. David, Teilo, Oudoceus, Gildas, and Cadoc. 344 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. answered them, " Be ye comforted in the Lord, and be firm and not afraid ; let us act -svell towards God, and he will reduce our enemies to nothing." Then Saint Cadoc, having great confidence in God, departed from thence, and near the camp of his enemies, prayed apart, his disciples being a short distance from him. When morning came, he arose from prayer, and lo, a pillar of a cloud preceded him, which also covering all the tents, and troops of the afore- said king, hid them, and the day was as a dark night to them, so that no one was able to see another. Then in the mid- dle of the darkness, the holy man appeared before the tent of the king, and saluting him, said, " God save you, O king. I beseech thee, if I have found favour in thy eyes that thou Milt kindly hear my words." To Avhom the king said, "I am ready, speak on," and he said, "Why hast thou come to my country, with an armed force for the purpose of plundering and destroying, and especially as we by no means deserved it?" To this the king said, " I confess that I have sinned against thee, but I the more earnestly beseech thy holiness, that thou wilt be merciful to me for what has been done, and wilt forgive it to me, and that by thy intervention, the darkness may depart, whereby we may return uninjured to our own habitations, and all thy country remain in constant peace." The man of God answered, "Thy very great crimes are forgiven thee." And while he was speaking, the light of summer, spread all around, and instantly shone Avith brightness on the camp. When therefore the king saw this miracle, he arose from his royal chair and he fell on his face and said, "I aflfirm and ratify the refuge which Arthur, the bravest of heroes, bestowed upon thee, and whoever of my offspring will ab- breviate it, may he be cursed, and whoever will observe it, may he be blessed; and to-day I choose thee before all others to be my confessor among South AVales men. And so it was done. And every one returned peaceably to his own country. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 345 2,0, Of the blinding of king Rhun, for the injury done TO Saint Cadoc. In the course of some years afterwards, Rhun son of the aforenamed king Maelgon, came from the North, Avith a numerous army of North Wales men, on an expedition, that he might rob the southern Britons of their possessions and riches, and utterly ravage the country. And the army being assembled in the sight of JNIaelgon, he strictly order- ed the aforesaid Rhun his son, and all the troops of the expedition, not to inflict any injury on Saint Cadoc, because he was his confessor, nor take from his territory one small horned beast without his consent. "And this," said he, " will be a sign to you ; when you come to the land of his country, ye will find his cattle freely feeding in the pastures, and the men depending on our friendship, confident and not frightened, and therefore let them be entirely fi-ee from suffering anything from war, since I and their master are connected by a familiar and spiritual covenant. Then they promised with an oath to observe this command of the king. When they came to the country of Gorwenydd, they formed a camp in Caer Trigued, which when the men of Gorwenydd saw, being affrighted they fled from them, and hid themselves in woods, and thickets, and dens, and caves of the earth. And the inhabitants of Penychen, which were beyond the river Nadawan, and all the people of the of the country submitted. When they drove much plun- der to the cam^î, twelve esquires rode the horses from the flocks of the king to give them water. And when they had given water to their horses, they themselves being thirsty and not able to drink the warm water of the spring, said to each other, " Let us ride to the barn of Ca- doc, which was reported to be at that time in the farm of ' Rhun, son of Maelgon Gwjnedd, is noticed in the Welsh Triads as one of the three fair and golden-banded princes of the isle of Britain ; but the character given of him in the Romance of Taliesia is not a very fovourable one. See Lady Charlotte Guest's Mabi- nogion, Vol. III. The plundering expeditions of Rhun and his father, here recorded, are likely enough to have been founded in fact, and are quite in keeping with the charac- ter of the chieftains of those days. 346 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. the cowherd, that we may have a sufficiency of milk to drink, for there is always plenty to be had at that place." The twelve persons went there quickly, and addressing the steward roughly, asked him to give them some milk to drink; who being angry refused to give them any, saying, "Are not ye silly, thinking that our master is not a man of great honour and dignity, for he has a family of the number of three hundred persons, that is, one hundred clergymen, and as many soldiers, and the same number of workmen, besides women and children." Then being angry, they rose in a great fury, and taking firebrands in their hands, and mounting their horses, endeavoured to put the barn on fire ; but through the power of God, it would not burn, but only smoked. At that very time, the aforesaid Rhun was in his tent playing at dice with his eunuchs, and the smoke, like a wooden post, went from the barn of Saint Cadoc in a di- rect course to his tent, and deprived of eye-sight all who were at the place. But the king, ashamed to mention what had taken place, exhorted the eunuchs to play, " Play," said he ; but they answered, " With our eyes open, we cannot see anything." Then at last, the king confessed that the same had also happened to him. Having called to him all the generals and the nobles, and the knights, he enquired Avhether it so happened that any one of their companions had inflicted any disgrace on the blessed man. But they altogether denied the crime; then said the king, " Make diligent enquiry in the camp, whether any of your companions have been absent to day." And when they made the enquiry, they found that twelve esquires had been absent, who being brought forward, the king said to them, " AVhere have you been absent to-day, and what bad thing have ye done? mention every particular, for it is manifest to us that ye have to-day committed a great crime." Then his esquires told him the truth. And without delay, he caused Saint Cadoc to come to him; to whom he said, "Blessed art thou by the Lord, thy entrance has been peaceable, and I have sinned acrainst God, and before thee." LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 347 And he said, " Mention wliat thou hast done." And he re- lated the matter, as follows, " Some of my attendants at- tacked thy granary, or barn, to set it on fire without my knowledge, on which account, I know that this misfortune of blindness has happened to us, therefore I humbly implore thy benignity that thou wilt be indulgent to me in my mi- serable state, so that our blindness may be taken away, and clearness of sight, through thy intercession, may be restored to our eyes." On Saint Cadoc praying, they received their former eyesight; which having taken place, the king in- creased his refuge, as pious Arthur and the father of the aforesaid Rhun had constituted it, confirming it, and declar- ing the sentence for not observing it. "If any one," said he, " will break this refuge, let him be excommunicated, but whoever will keep it, may he be loved by God and man." The king having said these words, gave to him his own messenger with complete horse accoutrements and three principal articles of armour, namely, a shield, a sword, and a spear, and all things that he brought with him, besides what were necessary for his sustenance, which he reserved. These things having been accomplished, they returned to their respective habitations. The blessed Cadoc gave the sword which had been presented to him by king Rhuu to Gwrgan Varius,^ who then reigned in Glamorgan, with half part of the fish of the river Usk, that he might have seven of them for food during Lent at Llancarvan. Also he gave the horse with all his trappings to the king for one half the fish of the river Neath, so that he might have at Llanmaes during every Lent both boiled and roast food and jirovisions. He was also possessor of two wooden horses, so very swift that no man could equal them in speed 1 This name has thus been left untranslated, although the Welsh rendering of the same would be Gwrgan Frych, (the Freckled;) but according to the lolo MSS. the only king of that name, who reigned in Glamorgan, lived several generations prior to the era of Saint Cadoc; it may therefore be presumed that there has been some error in transcribing the above name. There was, however, a regulus in South Wales, called Gwrgan Mawr, who was contemporary with Saint Cadoc, see Liber Landavensis, page 354, but his do- minions are not defined, although he is mentioned as contemporary with Tewdrig ap Teithfallt, kiug of Glamorgan, and was father of Onbrawst wife of Meurig ap Tewdrig. 348 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. in travelling ; on which his servant brought to him neces- saries from all parts. And it was a day's journey for the wooden horses in going and returning from Llaucarvan to Neath and Brycheiniog. 21. Of the deliverance op king Rhun prom the hands of the men op gwynllwg. The third miracle which God did by Saint Cadoc, in tes- timony of the written refuge of his son-in-law at Gwynllwg, Rhun, the son of Brychan, uncle of the same, going fi-om his territories, plundered and laid waste the province of Gwyn- llwg as far as the sea. Therefore the men of Gwj'nllwg rose against his army, and put him to flight, and defeated his men at the place called Pvvll Rhun, and at Pwll Rudd and Lithion and Pwll Gweddillion, which jjlaces received their names from them. The aforesaid Rhun was besieged by the men of Gwynllwg, for they altogether dared not to kill the uncle of their master without his orders. Therefore the blessed Cadoc came, and delivered the aforesaid Rhun from being beseiged, and he received from him a confession of his crimes, and a confirmation of the refuge, which pious Maelgon and Arthur had gi-anted and ratified to him. And Rhun said as follows, " For the future, since thou hast deli- vered me," he said, " may every person born in my nation, who shall not obey the men of Gwynllwg, and break the covenant which I have made with Saint Cadoc, be cursed." Therefore Saint Cadoc prayed to the Lord, that he would give him a king, who for him should govern his kingdom; and Meurig, son of Enhinti, was given to him; and he gave to him his sweetheart, named Debunn, with all the country. Therefore Saint Cadoc went out to meet him; and receiving Gwynllwg, he blessed them, and commanded that they should keep his refuge, according to the agreement which had been previously made with Maelgon and Arthur; and Meurig undertook to observe this agreement before these witnesses; of the clergy, David, Kenedir, Eliud, (Teilo,) Tll- tyd, Maidoc, Cannon, and many others. And blessed Cadoc oominended Meurig, saying, " Patronize my country and in- LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 349 heritance of Gwynllwg, and let it free from all fiscal tribute, except that the men shall go with thee in the army to battle three days, and three nights, and if they shall be longer "with thee, thou shalt give them provisions." And Meurig said, "May it be so for ever." And the man of God added, " Blessed be he who will keep the substance of this agreement; and whoever will not observe it, may he be cursed by God, and all his saints;" and all the clergy said, " Amen." 22. Op the journey of Saint Cadoc into Scotland, and the miracles tdere performed by him. Again, another miracle worthy of being recorded, divine authority deigned to perform for the praise of his name, and the glory of his faithful servant Cadoc. On a certain day, he spoke to his disciples who were assembled together, as follows, " Since by divine direction, I have for the love of God gone thrice to Jerusalem, and seven times to Rome, it now remains that I should go to the church of Saint An- drew the apostle, which is known to have been built in Albania, which is commonly called Scotland; wherefore, I appoint for you, in my place, the rector and prelate Elli, my pupil, whom we know to be constantly attentive from his infancy to obey divine ordinances, and to be Avell skilled in evangelical doctrines; to whose instructions in those things attend with diligence to the best of your ability." And they said, " Whatever may please thee, we will willingly agree to." Then the man of God arose, and went with three of his disciples to Scotland, and proceeded to the aforesaid church of Saint Andrew ; and whilst he was returning, and had come to a certain city, which is near to the mountain Bannawc, and said to be situated in the middle of Scotland, in that night while there was a pause, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, " The Lord thy God orders thee through me, not to depart hence, but rather that thou remain here for the space of seven years for the purpose of converting the people in this place to faith in 350 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. the Lord. The man of God here remained the appointed time, teaching the heathen people, and curing all the diseased. On a certain day, when Cadoc was digging the ground about his constructed monastery, he found a collar bone of some ancient hero, of incredible size, through which, wonder- ful to be said, a champion might ride without inconvenience. Which being found, Saint Cadoc wondering, said, "I will not go for either meat or drink, but I shall pray for meat, and shed tears for drink, until this wonderful thing, what- ever it may be, is explained to us." And in the same night, the voice of an angel from heaven addressed him saying, "Lo the entreaty of thy prayer is acceptable to the ears of the Lord; for what thou hast humbly requested of God, he will grant to thee; but do thou encourage thy clergy, and the rest of the people with words, lest they should be affrighted, if any thing happen to them. For to-morrow, an old giant will arise in the first horn- of the day, who may assist the men in digging." Having heard these things, when he rose in the morning, he related to the people what the angel had mentioned. And while he was yet speaking to the people, there appeared to them a hor- rible revived and immense giant, altogether exceeding the human form in size. Which having been seen, the inhabitants of the town be- ing terrified, said, "Lo, a phantom transfigured into the form of a man, is come to seduce us." But the monstrous hero immediately placed himself at the feet of the man of God, and said, " Holy Cadoc, eminent servant of God, blessed art thou by God and man; I earnestly beseech thy benignity, that thou wilt not by any means permit my mi- serable soul, hitherto suffering dreadful jmnishraent in hell, to go there again." "What saint art thou," said Cadoc, "or of what family wert thou descended, and also thy departure from this life minutely relate." The giant answered, " I reigned formerly for many years beyond the mountain Ban- nawc; it happened that by the instigation of the devil, I and LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 351 all my robbers came to these coasts, for the sake of plun- dering, and laying them waste. The king who reigned over this country at that time, pursuing us with his troops, a battle was fought between us, and I and my army were slain. From the very day of my being killed, we have been hitherto tormented in the devouring flames of hell, but my punishment exceeds in torture the torments of others, be- cause in all these things I have sinned against the great God, as the Scripture saith, " The powerful shall suffer the greater torments." The man of God enquired, by what name was he called. And he answered, " I am called for a long time Caw, with the surname Pi-ydyn or Cawr.^ To whom, said the man of God, " Rejoice, and be of a cheerful mind, for it is granted to me by God that thou shalt live longer in this world, and for the course of thy present life, if thou wilt exhibit faithful and devoted obedience to God, and wilt humbly obey my doctrines, and wilt perform due satisfaction for thy sins, thy soul will at length be removed from the mournful prison of the body to eternal glory, and there happily reign with God in a state of happiness." To these words the giant thus answered, " All the things that you have ordered appear light to me, and I will willingly perform them effectually." Therefore from that day, to the death of the man of God, the digger performed by digging what had been commanded him. That the miracle might therefore increase in celebrity throughout Scotland, the Scottish reguli gave him four and twenty villages. 23. Of the Bell which Saint Gildas refused to part with to THE MAN OF GoD. The divinely appointed time of seven years having been at length terminated, the blessed Cadoc returned from thence to his own country, namely Llancarvan, and there lived. But it is not to be passed over that a certain emi- nent Briton, a scholar, and a very excellent writer of the ' Caw, lord of Cwm Cawlwyd, in North Britain, well known as the progenitor of ; large family of Welsh Saints. 352 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. name of Gildas, the son of Caw, a skilful artist, came hither fi-om the borders of Ireland, with a very beautiful spotted Bell, and received from him hospitality for one night at Llancarvan, who particularly noticing the said Bell, struck it. And as the beauty, and the sound, and the colour pleased him, he implored the said Gildas that he would be so kind as to sell the bell to him. He refused, saying, " I will not sell it, for I shall offer it upon the altar of Saint Peter at Rome." And the blessed Cadoc with earnest en- treaties said, " I will fill it with pence for thee." Gildas also refused the offered sum a second time. Then he added, "I will give thee as much pure gold as it will contain." He refused, for he would by no means part with it, asserting that he had solemnly given it with a vow to God and Saint Peter, and that with the favour of God, he should give what he had vowed; since Solomon thus saith, "A foolish and unfaithful promise is displeasing to God." Then the said Gildas went to Rome with the Bell, and showed it to the Roman Pope Alexander,^ saying, "I will offer this bell made by me, and brought here from as far as Ireland, to God and Saint Peter on his altar. The same high Pontiff of the apostolic see, carefully examined it, and endeavoured by striking it, to find out its sound to his ears; but it did not produce any sound. Then the Pope, much wondering, asked the clergyman, " How is it that thy bell has an iron tongue, or clapper, and does not sound; so that it is turned to the nature of lead, although it is iron? Shew," said he, " how it may sound immediately." And he answered, " My Lord, a certain holy man named Cadoc living in Britain, received me at his place of enter- tainment in this journey of peregrination, and was the last that struck the bell, when it gave a sweet sound." To whom the Pope replied, "The man of whom thou dost speak, has been long known to me, for he has been here ! contemporary with Saint LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 353 seven times, and in Jerasalem thrice, going abroad to obtain forgiveness for tlie souls of his parents and companions." The Pope took the bell again, and blessed it, and said, "Take this bell, blessed and consecrated by me, to the blessed Cadoc, that in this mouth important oaths may be made, and the refuge of all Britain firmly remain; and for these two reasons the Britons shall reverence the bell, be- cause it has been blessed by me, and will be possessed by Saint Cadoc. For I have heard of the incredulity of that nation, and of its rebellious perverseness, therefore I will send this, that by it they may cordially agree and make peace; also if any will perjure himself thereon, unless he will perform due penance, he will be accursed both here and hereafter." These words having been pronounced by the apostolic prefect, the blessed Gildas taking the oft-mentioned bell, and travelling homewards, brought it to the blessed Cadoc, who remained at Llancarvan, and related to him all that had been injoined to him by the apostolic prefect relating to the bell. Therefore he admired the bell more earnestly than before, and immediately he struck it with his hands, to produce melodious sounds, and immediately of itself by sounding it produced a melody, which it had before refused before the Pope. Likewise ancient learned men among the Britons assert that the Lord for love to Saint Cadoc, has through this Bell raised to life two persons from the dead, and still testify when they were so raised. They also mention that it twice spoke with human speech, and also spoke a third time. 24. Of the death op Gwynlliw the Father op Saint Cadoc. Therefore it happened that Gwynlliw, the father of Saint Cadoc, was ill with a mortal disorder, and he sent one of his servants, named Istan, for his son Cadoc, that he might come as soon as possible to him; who proceeded quickly, until he came to the Tâf, which, at that time, was of such depth and breadth that no person on horseback, or on foot 354 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. could pass across, unless he was taken by the rowing of a boat. For the breadth of the river at that time extended from the ford of Pennugual to the hill of king Morgan,^ Avhich, in the language of that country, was named Rhiw ]\Iorgan. Therefore the aforesaid messenger not finding a boat to cross the river, called aloud on a certain unmarried hermit, named Tylyuguay,^ who lived on the other side of the river, affectionately imploring him to go as quickly as he could to blessed Cadoc, and inform him of the cause of his infirmity; by which intreaties the aid of the hermit Avas effectually obtained; and the blessed Cadoc with twenty disciples came to the house of the aforesaid Tylyuguay; and there he was hospitably entertained that night with all his companions. Tylyuguay went as usual to the river for the purpose of fishing, for the pious man was accustomed to go a iishing every night and to catch a fish ; but on that night twenty-four came into the net for the supper of blessed Cadoc and his companions. Also when the blessed man was thirsty, he asked for drink to be given him; to whom Ty- lyuguay answered, " We have nothing, Sir, to drink that is proper for drinking, and besides the spring is a great way off"." To whom the man of the Lord reached out his stick, ' Morgan ab Athrwys, generally called Morgan Mwynfawr. In the lolo MSS. it is stated that he succeeded Gwynlliw, as regulus of Gljwysig, and in the Liher Landavensis he is called king of Glywysig. His grandfather Meurig ap Tewdrig, king of Glamorgan, died about 575, when Oudoceus was bishop of Llaudaif, and was succeeded by Athrwys, whose reign appears to have been but short, and at whose decease, Morgan, who had previously succeeded to Glywysig, became paramount sovereign of Glamorgan. This most probably took place before the decease of Saint Cadoc, about the year 580. It is worthy of observation, that in the various grants to Liandaff recorded in the Liber Lau- davensis, no mention is made of Cadoc, as principal or abbot of Llancarvan, even in the time of king Meurig ap Tewdrig. At the election of Saint Oudoceus to the bishopric of Liandaff in 566 or thereabouts, Cyngen is mentioned as abbot of Cadmael ; next, in a grant by Meurig ap Tewdrig, Jacob is placed as abbot of Cadoc ; after which Cyngen appears as abbot of Carvan Valley, in a grant by the same Meurig, and also in a subsequent one by his grandson Morgan Mwynfawr, in whose reign a synod was held at " The abbey of Carvan Valley," to pass judgment upon that king, for having treacherously slain his uncle Frioc; Cyngen was then abbot ; and from subsequent grants, he appears to have been succeeded by Sulien, who had previously been abbot of Docunni. From the foregoing, and the grants detailed in this work, it may be inferred that Saint Cadoc resigned the immediate superintendence of the establishment at Llancarvan, either tu Elli, Jacob, or Cyngen, in the time of Meurig ap Tewdrig, and that Morgan had became king of Glywysig, during the life time of his grandfather Meurig. ' In the Manuscript, British Museum, Titus D. xxii. the name of this hermit is given as " Tcliowaw," which bears a considerable resemblance to the " Tcliaw," or Saint Teilo, of the Liber Landavcnsis. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 355 saying, "Take my stick with thee, and wheresoever it may please thee, strike the earth with its end, and immediately the Lord will cause to flow for om* need, a fountain of clear water." And so it was done. On that night, the man anxiously resolved much in his mind how he should pass the river in the morning, and an angel appeared to him, who said, "Be firm in mind, and be not troubled and anxious respecting the difficulty of this matter, as God is a powerful assistant to thee ; for to-mor- row when thou comest to the brink of this great river, take thy staff in thy hand, and strike the river three times, in the name of the holy Trinity, in the same manner as did Moses, the leader of the people of Israel, and the Lord God will divide this river to you, and cause you to pass dry-shod." When it became full light in the morning, Cadoc with all his companions arose; and having confidence in God, went with them to the brink of the aforesaid river, and there he did what had been commanded. He therefore struck the river Tâf, and it immediately divided, the upper part of the river towards the mountain, and the lower part gliding downwards, like Jordan in the office of the baptism of Christ, of whom it is said, "What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest, and thou Jordan, that thou Mast driven back?" The blessed Cadoc, and his company, passed through the channel of the river dry-shod, and the oft-mentioned Tylyuguay called after them, saying, " Beloved servants of the Lord, loosen this river from its jwesent state to its for- mer course, before you depart hence, that fish may be taken therefrom; but if it can be done, cause that it be di- minished in depth and breadth, so that it may be passed through on foot." And the man of God, together with his disciples, prayed that the river might remain less for ever, according to the petition of Tylyuguay, And as they prayed, lo, a great river, as an immense toiTont, burst from the broken rocks, and like a foaming sea went precipitately towards the ocean, until it floM'ed in its accustomed channel ; but its 356 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. breadth and depth have remained less to the present day ; also it carried a very large stone, as if torn from the infer- nal whirlpool, ujion the land of the aforesaid hermit, and there left it. When therefore the hermit saw this, he shewed it to the blessed man; who accordingly ordered the heap of stones to be called by the name of the religious inhabitant, Carn, that is the Rock of Tylyuguay. The venerable man then departing, came to his sick father ; who, rejoicing greatly on his arrival, said to him, " I have sent for thee to me, that at the end of my life thou mayest hear my confession." Then the blessed Cadoc gave to him the sacrament of the eucharist, and received his confession. And he taking breath, said to his son, blessing him, "May thou be blessed," he said, " because the Lord has had mercy on me on thy account, and hast contributed to obtain for me his compassion ; wherefore I give to thee, before all that are present, and hear my will, all this my country, for which thou hast long sustained many injuries, and some losses ; that is, I grant to thee the privilege from the fountain, which is called in the British language Ffynon Hen, that is from the Old Fountain; until it comes to the entrance of the river Nadawan, that all kings, earls, and nobles, and also military officers, and domestics, be buried in the cemetery of thy Älonastery at Llancarvan ; that is, let every one be there buried, except exiles, and women dying in child-bed. Whosoever will observe the command of this privilege, the Lord will preserve him now, and in the time to come ; but him who will not observe it, may God destroy both in the present and fu- ture ages." And all the people answered Amen. Gwynlliw the father of the blessed Cadoc being dead, he was buried in his own monastery, which from his name, is called in the British language, Eglwys Gwynlliw.^ And Cadoc having honourably performed the funeral rites of his father, return- ed home with his clergy. ' NV.irtliP i-luirrli of St. WoUos thorc is a tumulus, which, .iccordiug to the local tra- dition, was the tonih of Gwynlliw,— W. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 857 25. Of the drowning of Saint Barruc and Saint Gwalches, and OF THE Manual Book found in the belly of a Salmon. It happened that at another time the blessed Cadoc on a certain day sailed with two of his disciples, namely Barruc and Gwalches/ from the island of Echni, which is now called Holme, to another island named Barry. When therefore he prosperously landed in the harbour, he asked his said dis- ciples for his Enchiridion, that is manual book ; and they confessed that theyliidTthrough forgetfulness, lost it in the aforesaid island. Which he hearing, he immediately com- pelled them to go aboard a ship, and sail back to recover their book ; and burning with anger, said, " Go, not to return." Then his disciples, by the command of their master, without delay quickly went aboard a boat, and by sailing, got to the said island. Having obtained the aforesaid volume, they soon in their passage returned to the middle of the sea, and were seen at a distance by the man of God sitting on the top of a hill in Barry, when the boat unex- pectedly overturned, and they were drowned. The body of Barruc being cast by the tide on the shore of BaiTy, was there found, and in that island buried, which from his name is so called to the present time. But the body of the other, namely Gwalches, was carried by the sea to the island of Echni, and was there buried.^ About the ninth hour, Cadoc the servant of God being desirous to refresh his body wasted by fastings, comman- ded his attendants to procure some fishes for dinner, who went to the sea for the purpose of fishing, and found a 1 The Achau Saint take no notice of these two saints. Cressy mentions the first, and his account is quoted by Professor Rees, according to which, he died in 700, and his feast day is the 29th of November. Gwalches is mentioned by Camden, who says he was a dis- ciple of Barruc, as he learned from an ancient monument in Llandaff Cathedral, but gives no copy of the inscription. — W. " Some years ago a tombstone was found on the Flat Holmes, conjectured to be that of the saint ; but as it bore no inscription, but simply a cross, there can be no certainty on the subject. In the calendar a St. Gwal is commemorated on the 3rd of May, and called an Abbot. I know not whether this be our Gwaloh or not. — W. 358 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. very_ large salmon on the sand, and rejoicing bronght it to their master; in the bowels of which, Avhen it was cut open, they found the aforesaid book free from all injury by water, and white, which the man of the Lord, giving thanks to God gladly received, and declared that it was manifest to all that nothing was impossible to God. 26. Of Wolves cuanged into stones. Another miracle not less wonderful, divine mercy deign- ed to perform by the merits of his faithful servant Cadoc. When his sheep depastured on the aforesaid island Echni, lo, two wolves from England, by swimming came to that place. Having torn many of the sheep, and slain some with their rapacious mouths, they attempted to swim towards the British sea ; but when they had come to the middle they were changed by divine judgment, because they had irritated, and slain his sheep, into stones, and in the British language were called Cunbleid, that is Wolf Stones.^ 27. How Saint Cadoc by nis prayers produced from the earth, IN Cornwall, a health-bearing fountain. Nor it is unpleasant to mention the goodness of God in his more wonderful miracles, but it is agreeable to make his eminent servant more celebrated in miracles, by his afford- ing a most excellent remedy, and comfort for human infir- mity. For lately, when the said most illustrious man came fi'om the mount of St. INIichael, which is known to be in Cornwall, and in the idiom of the district, is called Dinsol, and there the same archangel, who was venerated by all who came there, being hot, and fatigued ft-om his journey was very thirsty. And the place where this happened was very dry ; therefore the blessed Cadoc struck the ground ■ The Wolves, are two well known dangerous rocks in the Bristol channel, which the saint would have conferred a greater benefit, upon posterity, by removing, if he had the power, than suffering to remain. However we may safely acquit him of having had any- thing to do with them.- W. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 359 with his stick, and immediately a full flowing fountain sprang from the ground, and therefore they who accom- jianied him, also drank like the Israelites athirst in the wilderness, when Moses struck the rock with his stick, and the water flowed in abundance. As all were satisfied with water, they said to their companions. " Let us earnestly beseech the divine goodness that all such persons, as shall come to this sacred fountain, may therefrom, with the favour of God, receive the cure of divers diseases ; and as it extinguished our raging thirst, so let it heal the painful disorders of bodies." For if any sick person, having firm confidence in God, shall drink of that fountain, he will re- ceive the cure of his belly and bowels, and he will drive all venomous worms from his body. And after the men of Cornwall saw that frequent cures of the disorders of both sexes were constantly effected at that fountain by divine piety, they built a small church in honour of Saint Cadoc, near the fountain. 28. Of the thief who stole an ox. It therefore happened^that on a certain day, the survey- or of Saint Cadoc, who at that time they called the sexton of Llancarvan," being forced by the command of the abbot, and the necessity of the clergy, came to the court of a cer- tain regulus, named Rhytherch, carrying with him the gospel of Gildas. There was in that court, on the same day, an action against a certain rustic for taking away an ox by theft, he denying with all his might the crime which was alleged against him. Then the surveyor came to him, and in a joke, drew his naked knife of no small size, and brandishing it with vibrating hand, said, " O foolish man, this is the knife of Saint Cadoc, if therefore thou hast per- jured thyself, thou shalt immediately die, for it shall pierce thy bowels." Then the rustic being greatly terrified, threw himself down at the feet of the clergyman, confessing him- self guilty, and saying, " Forgive me for the love of God, 360 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. and Saint Cadoc, for I have committed the crime of steal- ing the ox, and have besides done perjury." Which being- known, the king, with the standers by, offered to the gosjiel of Gildas, and enriched it with a clerical donative, and jier- petually employed the thief in the service of the monastery of Saint Cadoc. 29. Op the Gospel of Gildas. When blessed Gildas lived in the isle of Echni, and perfonned the ministerial duties, he wrote a missal book, and offered it to Saint Cadoc, when he became his confess- or ; therefore that book was called the Gospel of Gildas. This is the tradition of that volume. If any one of the progeny of Cynaythwy should jjerjure himself on that gos- pel, his life will be shortened ; and if any one of the clergy of Carban valley, that is coming from Llancarvan, induced by necessity, and carrying the Gospel of Gildas, should come to some one of the offspring of Cynaythwy, and should find him by chance putting on his garment, he shall not put it all on without clerical leave, but always remain, doing his duties, half clothed, and proceed with naked feet to the Carban valley. This is the tradition also of the vari-coloured bell. " If any one of the offspring of Ly wthyly shall swear a false oath upon the vari-coloured bell, his life will be short- ened, and he will not be enriched by inheritance, but will soon die. If any one of the clergy of Carban valley, com- pelled by some business, shall, carrying the bell, go to some one of the descendants of Lywthyly, and by chance should find him clothing himself with a garment, he shall not put it all on without the leave of a clergyman, but go quickly half undressed to Carban valley. 30. Of the mixture of the water of Jordan and that of the Cornish Fountain, which after a space of tiiMe was used with effect. The blessed Cadoc being desirous to travel abroad, visi- ted the thresholds of Saint Peter, then Jerusalem, and LIFE OK SAINT CADOC. 3G1 afterwards the river Jordan, of which he filled a bottle, and brought it with him to Britain. He placed the sacred water that he had brought in the aforesaid fountain, which by intreaty, he had produced from the ground in the district of Cornwall, and it became more holy by this posi- tion and mixture ; for previously it restored only some to health, but afterwards it cured more than a hundred fold. 31. Of the conversation op Saint Cadoc, at the river Neath. After a space of time. Saint Cadoc hearing that there were many places which were solitary, and suitable for her- mits, visited them, that he might see ; and in them he re- mained a short space of time, but left them after the depar- ture of two of his clergy. On a certain day, when he walked about the banks of the river Neathjb.e saw a white boar lying under a tree, which his companions killed ; he saw, secondly, bees coming, and entering into a hollow tree ; and thirdly, the nest of a hawk at the top of the tree. Then he sent those gifts to king Arthmael, who gave to the blessed Cadoc the liberty of dwelling and possess- ing that land. " Thenceforth," said Cadoc, " here is a boar, and a honeycomb, and here is a furious hawk ; that place is fertile, which therefore Cadoc loves, they will make him re- joice, seeking blessed things among such tokens, they will make me glad ; praising, I will commend the giver ; why should I not rejoice, he has given, and will confer honour ; here I will dwell, because I behold significant things. He would not that we should extend our progress any further; they point out, rather they compel ; here let us remain ; boar's flesh shall aid by procuring what is fit by hunting; a honied sweetness constitutes feasts for the clergy; a table with birds obtained by a comely enemy ; our health not being sickly is then without disease." 3G2 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 32. Of a keligious edifice which the man of God bdilt IN Brittany. In that time, when Cadoc of venerable memory went to Rome, and passed through all the places of the saints that were built in Italy and France, for the sake of seeing the relics of the saints, it happened that he came to a certain province formerly called Armorica, afterwards Lettau,^ but now the Lesser Brittain. And he heard that there was there a certain island without inhabitants, placed in the sea, and distant from the shore about the space of the third part of a league. Going into a boat with his disci- ples, he prosperously arrived at the harbour of the place ; and seeing that it was beautiful and fertile, he said to his followers, "My brethren, I choose this place, by the favour of God, and here, if it pleases you, I desire to remain." And they answering said, "Sir, what seems good to thee, we will willingly do." He then erected there an elegant church with stones ; and afterwards caused to be built by masons, a stone bridge skilfully constructed with arched work, and having its arches cemented with mortar. These things having been accomplished, on a certain night, while he indulged in sleep, he heard one speaking with an angelic voice, as follows, " Cadoc, the most faithful of the servants of God, it is not lawful for thee to live any longer here, for thou oughtest to return very soon to thy country, because thy clergy grieve not a little on account of thy long absence." Therefore morning praises, as usual, having been given to God, he sent for all the monks to him, and related to them his vision, saying, "Äly most dear companions and brethren, proceed in the Lord, for here I cannot remain any longer, but I firmly command you that ye persevere constantly in the service of God." These words being heard, they began to weep bitterly ; then he appointed to them in his place, a LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 363 prior from his disciples, whose name was Cadwaladr. And as he blessed his discipies, he received from them leave to depart ; and then he began his journey homewards, and passing prosperously over immense tracts of country, suc- ceeded at length in arriving at his own church of Llan- carvan. Before much time was passed, the monks of the afore- said island, went out for the purpose of seeing the bridge, being tired of the absence of their master, and following with the desire of their minds and the prospect of their eyes, in the way on which he had departed, when while they were looking on, the bridge was overthrown so completely that it was reduced to nothing, as if it never had been built. Which being seen, they returned to the church with gi-eat lamentation, and falling headlong to the ground, fasted for three days, and three nights, praying to the Lord for con- solation on account of so great a misfortune ; and on the third night, a voice was sent from Heaven to the prior of the ])lace in a dream, saying, " God has heard your prayer for the love of Saint Cadoc, for to-morrow you will see the bridge whole, and uninjured. Morning praises having jjeen sung, the prior mentioned the revelation made known to him by God, ; then the monks, for great joy, ran as soon as they could to behold what had been promised, and found the bridge uninjured, and seven times stronger than before. And when they had carefully examined the bridge in all parts, they returned joyful to their oratory, praising and blessing the Lord. This miracle becoming known through- out the country, all the inhabitants of the province gave honour and praise to God, and Saint Cadoc. For the blessed Cadoc is by that nation called Cathodw, from which ajipellatiou the island has received its name, that is Ynys Cathodw, in which are many kinds of fruits, that are said to effect cures of various diseases. 364 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 33. Of the countryman who unlawfully beheld the sepulchral MONUMENTS OF THE AUDITORS OF SaINT CaDOC. The same patron of venerable memory long ago built a handsome monastery, with stone materials in Scotland, near the mountain Bannawc, and having assembled bre- thren therein, he appointed that devout service should con- stantly be rendered to God by them. In a certain porch of which monastery, the bodies of three of his disciples lay, covered with marble monuments, but no one dared to look into their tomb, neither married, nor unmarried, but only persons in holy orders. There was on the outside in the wall of the porch a certain hole, through which the kings, and nobles of that country, if by chance a great dispute arose between them, were to place their hands, and make oath, and if any one broke that oath, he should die before the end of the year. According to custom, a multitude of the common people were assembled on the day of the festi- vity of Saint Cadoc to hear mass, and the celebration of mass having been ended, a certain foolish countryman, mak- ing a great nosie, spoke to the presbyters in the midst of the people, "Will you let me go to the hole, that I may look through it?" They answered, and said to him, "Go, and Saint Cadoc will make a mark of revenge to appear on thee." The rash man therefore ran to the hole; and covered one of his eyes with his hand, and with the other looked through the window, and as soon as said, the uncovered eye cracked, and by the optic nerve hung on his face. The countryman therefore uttered a great and mournful lamen- tation, and quickly went to the crowds of the people, which being seen, all the common people with loud voice rendered praise to God and Saint Cadoc, saying, "From the rising to the setting of the sun, the name of the Lord is to be praised." And the said countryman went about from place to place, throughout the province of Lintheamus, not cover- ing his extracted eye, and much money was given him for showing his eve-ball that had been torn out. Therefore his LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 365 fellow-countrymen more and more learned to fear God, and to glorify him reverently with his Saint. But as it would be too laborious to mention with a pen all the miracles and wonders of this holy patron, those few, from many, will be sufficient for those who read devoutly, for no one is able to relate all his wonderful acts, unless Cadoc himself should rise from the dead; but as he was removed in a white cloud from Britain to the city of Beneventum, we have thought proper, with the favour of God, to mention the particulars with our pen. Here ends the Life of Saint Cadoc, also called Sophias; and here begins his passion on the 9th op the Calends of February, in the city of Beneventum. 34. How Saint Cadoc was removed in a white cloud from Carban Valley to Beneventum. The angel of the Lord appeared to blessed Cadoc, in a dream, on the eve of Palm Sunday, and said to him, "God has decreed that thou shalt now depart from the land of Britain." To which the blessed man answering said, " All things that shall be ordered me by the Lord, I will willingly perform, as far as I am able, but how I shall depart from hence, I do not at all know." To whom the angel answered, "To-morrow, after thou hast preached to thy people, thou shalt return to the place that is nigh to thy castle, where thou hast been accustomed to rest after preaching, and there stopping, shalt remain a little while, and a bright cloud shall cover thee, and thereon thou shalt be bodily carried to the city of Beneventum, as Elias was in a chariot of fire to Paradise, and this will be a sign to thee; when thou wilt descend from the cloud, the abbot of that city will, in that hour, be honourably buried in thy presence, and being deposited in the ground after the man- ner of abbots, the monks of that place will appoint thee in his room. Wherefore thou shalt give up thy principal town. ÓOb LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. Llancarvan, with all its clergy, and common people to tliy unmarried disciple Elli, in the sight of all, and shalt make him a doctor, and a rector to them. And in the same night, the said messenger of God will mention to the Prior of the city of Beneventum, in a vision, Avhile asleep, those things, saying, " To-morrow, a certain learned clergyman, a western Briton, a chosen servant of God, will come hither to you, and him earnestly beseech to be appointed an abbot over you, because your abbot has died on this night; for God has chosen him to be appointed in the room of your abbot; and he will be called Sophias among you, because he is full of the wisdom of God." The blessed Cadoc therefore rising in the morning, related what had been foretold to him by the angel to his very dear unmarried auditor, Elli; and about the first hour, Elli, secretly, with respect to Avhat has been mentioned, assembled according to custom a procession on Palm Sunday, with the relics of the saints; and he went from church, with the clergy and people following him, to the ri- vulet of Saint Cadoc, which in the British language is called Pistill Cattwg, and there, as it is said, he preached to the people, from a mound, which is nigh the rivulet, until the third hour; and about the third, namely, the holy commu- nion, after preaching, he returned with all the company to his castle, and there remained, repeating his i)reaching; and having at length finished his sermon, according to the an- gelic commandment, he spoke to them as follows. " Hear me, brethren, and receive my words into your ears, for to-day I appoint my disciple Elli to be rector and doc- tor over you, and do you receive him cheerfully, and be humbly obedient to him, for I myself am ignorant with respect to the end of my life." For Elli alone was ac- quainted with the matter, and he bore the words heavily in his heart. Then the man of God commanded them all and said, " I command you all in the name of the Lord, that no powerful worldly king, nor bishop, nor nobleman shall ever adjudge, with respect to any dispute or injury over you ; but if any one shall inflict an injury upon you, or if any one LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 367 of you should injure another, or if any one in some other matter, shouUl in any way adjudge over you, let judges be made fi-om amongst yourselves. And with respect to the place of judgment, let it be under the shade of the hazel tree, ■which I myself have planted nigh the monastery, and it will give its pledge to stand in correct judging, in the hand of the abbot in the day of trial." And the abbot placed it upon the altar ; and said, " May they adjudge right according to the intention of the synod, and the judicial series in the book which I have written. If any one will despise this commandment, so as to break it, may he be cursed in the judgment of the supreme Judge, and not live long, nor ever have plenty of what is good, and whoever will keep it, may he be blessed, and may God lengthen his life, and an angel of the Lord in all places at- tend on him." While he yet spoke, lo, the brightness of God suddenly surrounded them, and all alike fell headlong on their faces to the ground, not being able to behold such a quantity of light. All having therefore fallen to the gi-ound, the blessed Cadoc was taken off in a white cloud from their eyes, and disappeared; and immediately in the twinkling of an eye descended from the cloud in the city of Beneventum, and was seen amongst those persons; who were burying the abbot; and wonderful to be said, he con- stantly, and perfectly knew their language by the gift of the Holy Spirit, and they likewise his; and they soon knew that it was he, of whom the angel had before spoken to the Prior. And in the same hour, a congregation of all the clergy and many monks, and the bishop of the city, having as- sembled, with common assent they willingly ordained him an abbot over them, and named him Sophias, for they saw that he was full of divine wisdom, and because it was by that name, it was before ordered by the angel that he should be called. A little after, he fortified a great part of the city with a Avail, which had previously been built with the mud of the earth, and the material becoming by degrees more and 36ö LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. more ruinous, had fallen into rubbish. The workmen being in -want of spring water, and leaving the work on that account unfinished, addressing the holy Sophias, said, " We cannot by any means work, because we cannot find water near at hand." Accordingly Saint Sophias prayed that very night to the Lord that he would condescend to shew what he would do in this matter. After prayer he rested with sleep his limbs that were weary from watchings, and an angel descending from above kindly comforted him that he should not be sorrowful on that account, but that rising in the morning he should go to the wall of the city, and foretold to him that he would there find a plentiful flowing fountain for the use of the masons. The holy man there- fore, according to the command of the angel, stretching him- self and shaking off sloth early in the morning, went with haste to see the wall of the city, that had been begun, and found a deep fountain near it. 35. How Saint Elli was accustomed to visit the blessed Cadoc ANNUALLY. And Elli was accustomed to go very often with his dis- ciples to the city of Beneventum, for the pui-pose of visit- ing the blessed Cadoc, also called Sophias; in some of which visitings, some persons died, and were honourably buried in the monastery of Saint Sophias; whose sepul- chres are placed together in one series, in order, before the altar, fi-om one wall to another. Eight very decent marble monuments may be there found. •^6. How Saint Cadoc was raised to be the Bishop of Beneventum. The bishop of that city being dead, in the following night an angel of the Lord appeared in a vision to Saint Sophias, commanding him fi-om the Lord that he should re- ceive the episcopal order; also in the same night a mes- senger fi-om heaven revealed to the Archdeacon, whilst he indulged in sleep, that he should on the folloMÌng day, LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 3Ö9 without delay, by divine command, promote Saint Sophias to the degree of bishop. The Archdeacon, with the com- pany of the clergy, and the common people being assem- bled together, he related to them all what the divine oracle had made known to him by angelic revelation respecting the promoting of Saint Sophias. The report of the Arch- deacon pleased all who heard it, and they unanimously appoint Saint Sophias to the episcopal see. After a short space of time, while the said person lived in his episcojial dignity, and governed his diocese in a mild, and holy manner, he heard an angel of the Lord men- tioning to him in a vision of the night, " Lo, an option is given to thee by the Lord ; now choose by what death thou wilt leave this mortal life, and migrate to the eternal king- dom." He answered him, " Having my option, I choose martyrdom, as it is before the Lord the most excellent of deafhli." To whom the angel said, "Be firm," said he, "in heart and mind, because God is with thee ; for to-morrow, a certain cruel king will plunder this city, and whilst thou wilt celebrate the divine mysteries of the mass, a certain soldier of his accomplices, entering the monastery, and brandishing his spear, will cruelly kill thee with its point, upon the altar." Therefore the blessed Sophias gave thanks to God, and said to the angel, " I am ready for martyrdom, for by this death, our Lord Jesus Christ, and his apostles, and some others have triumphed in the world, and obtained the glory of a heavenly kingdom." The blessed Sophias awaking, arose to morning praises, as usual, and as the day proceeded, about the first hour, he dressed himself in his missal vestments, being about to celebrate the divine sacri- fice. As he sang mass, lo, the aforesaid tyrant, having as- sembled his army, plundered the suburbs contiguous to the city ; of whom, some came into the city for the sake of plundering. Whence out-cries, and wailings resounded on all sides through the city, but Saint Sophias stood undaunted, and did not in the least interrupt the celebration of the mass, although he was conscious of the evil. 370 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. Then forthwith, one of the horsemen, entered the church wherein he partook of the holy sacrament, and with incited step, and raging fury, pierced Saint Sophias, with a hxnce, as he stood on the altar, and was partaking of the salutary consecration of the body and blood of our Lord. Who, besmeared with his blood, and with eyes lifted up towards heaven, commended his soul to the Lord, saying, " Lord Jesus receive my spirit." Also he humbly prayed for his murderer, in like manner as did the first martyr Stephen, " Lord, Lord," said he, " lay not this sin to his charge, for he knows not what he has done," and turning his prayer to the Lord proceeded in continuation, " Almighty Lord, invi- sible King, Jesus Christ, the Saviour, grant me my request, assist the Christians who dwell in my territories, give favour to my body, that all persons who may have any part of my bones, or of those of my disciples, may perform miracles, and expel demons, and may every disease be far distant from them. Let there be no unfruitfulness among their fruits, nor barrenness in their corn, but let the wealth of all good per- sons be increased, and forgive them their crimes, whereby they will reverence me on the earth, and always glorify thee in heaven." And lo, a voice was sent from the white cloud, sajang, " Cadoc, my servant, ascend to the kingdom of my Father, and what thou dost request, I will perform for thee, I will not make thee sorrowful, for thou art bless- ed, since thou hast been mindful of me in thy last sufferings. And I say unto thee, if any one shall be in great distress, and mindful of thy name, will invoke me for thee, he shall be liberated from the trouble of that distress." After the Lord had spoken, he protected himself with the mark of the salvation-bearing cross, and gave up his spirit into the hands of the Almighty. And lo, sudden- ly a great brightness shone on the people devoutly engaged in performing his funeral rites, and assembled for his fune- ral, so that no one of them was able to sustain it. They brought his body, wrapped in white linen cloths, and placed it in a silver coffin, and carried it to the place of LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 371 burial with hymns, and jjsahns, and spiritual songs, and many lamps, and buried him honourably. And many more miracles were performed after his death, at his sepul- chral monument, than had been before in his life-time. Sight was restored to the blind, and walking to the lame, the leprous were cleansed, and the demons were driven away from those who were possessed by them. They built a large church in honour of him over his vene- rable sepulchre, into which no Briton is permitted to enter; which was so done, as the learned men of the city of Be- neventum say, lest some Briton should in future come there from his principal monastery, that is from Liancarvan, and take away fi-om thence by stealth the sacred earth of the relics of Ins body, and from the taking away of that very pre- cious deposit, all the miracles, and the whole grace of the saint, should together with that earth of the precious relics of his body be removed from thence to his own land at Liancarvan, that is Britain, where he was born. But what is more grievous and horrible to be heard, it is certain that after the taking away of his sacred body, the fine flowing fountain that was near the city, which God by his intreaty had caused to flow from the earth for the use of the workmen, came like a sea over the city, and the in- habitants forbode its being overwhelmed. Saint Cadoc, whilst he flourished in this life, avoided human praise, and did many things known to God only, and unknown to mor- tals ; also he never passed by, with any interval or inter- mission, perseverance in frugality and economy, fastings, watchings, and prayers. He not only performed his mira- cles in his life-time, but effected them beyond number after his passage fi-om the prison of this deceitful world; through means of our Lord Jesus Christ, who with God the Father, and the Holy Spirit lives, and reigns for ever and ever. Amen.^ ^ It 13 impossible to conjecture how this strange legend could have originated. Creasy notices Saint Cadoc, alias Sophias, a bishop of Beneventum, in Italy, but neither one name nor the other occurs in the list of bishops of that see. It has been suggested that the place meant is Benevenna, now called Weedon, in Northamptonshire, which seems more 372 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 37. Of the bellowing of the Coffin of Saint Cadoc when struck BY SOME one, and THE DEATH OF THE STRIKER. After the departure of the most gracious Cadoc from transitory to eternal things, a certain very powerful Eng- lish viscount, named Eilaf, came to the country of Glamor- gan, with a large company of attendants, for the purpose of jilundering and destroying ; and the clergy of the celebra- ted Cadoc having heard an account of his impiety, fled from Llancarvan, with the coffin of the holy man, and other relics, bearing the means for their protection, until they came to the place, Mammeliat,^ and there they hid themselves. And when they had been there a short time, a multitude of the Danish and English robbers came to them ; who beholding the coffin, sought to take it off" with them ; and from four to one hundred men attempted Avith all their might to raise it, nor were they able to re- move it from the place. Then they became angry, and one more mad than the others, ran forwards quickly, and tak- ing a stout stick, struck it ; and on being stnick, it produ- ced a loud bellowing noise, like a bull, and greatly fright- ened the whole army, and immediately there was a great earthquake in those parts. The coffin being at length left by them, one of them more unhappy than the others, being induced by greediness, cut off" its golden pinnacle with a hatchet, which fell into his lap, and immediately like fire burned his bosom ; and stupified, and excited by the probable, assuming that town to have ever been a bishop's see, which may be doubted. All that we know for certain, is, that a bishop of the name of Cadoc is commemorated in the calendar on the 24th of February, who by some means has been confounded with Cadoc ap G»7nlliw, who does not appear to have been a bishop at all ; but owing to this confusion, the feast of the latter has been stated to be the 24th of February, mstead of the 3l8t of March; according to the calendar before quoted, which is printed in a Roman Catholic missal in my possession, the title page of which is lost, but from the names of former owners written on the cover, I judge to be of the time of Henry VIII, or Eliza- beth, and from the great number of Welsh SainU it contains, was most likely intended for the use of the inhabitants of the principality. Who this bishop was, or at what time, and where he lived is totally unknown ; we can only conclude that such a person existed, from his appearing in the calendar, and from his name that he was probably a Welsh- man or an Armorican; Cressy calls him son of Guilloicus, a king of North Wales.— W. ' Mammelliat,— Query Mamhilad in Monmouthshire. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 873 pain of heat, he resolved to fix the pmnacle in its place; and being so fixed, it firmly adhered, as if it had been united by gold soldering. Which being done, the unhapjiy violator of the cofiin melted in the sight of the whole army, like wax before the fire. This miracle having been seen by them, and being affected with fear on account of the afore- said things, they returned as exiles. Afterwards they had not a desire for plundering the before-mentioned places of the patron, and ceased to lay waste his territories. 38. Of the Ox cut into pieces and boiled, and afterwards restored to life. On a certain time, Meredydd, king of Reinuc,^ came with a powerful force of enemies to his property in Gla- morgan, that he might there reign; where having come, he ordered them to plunder, and to drive off oxen to the camp, for food. And they therefore brought a hundred oxen, amongst which was a very fat one, that was stolen from the townsmen of the blessed Cadoc; and when slain, it was cut in- to pieces, that by cooking it might be prepared for satisfying the hunger of the king, and his companions; but it could not by any means be roasted by coals, nor boiled in water. Which being told to the king he ordered all the aforesaid oxen to be restored to their owners. And when they were all brought together, the ox that had been killed, which I have above mentioned, appeared alive and well among the others. Then every one took his own ox, praising and glo- rifying God in his excellent servant Cadoc. 39. Of the breaking of Iron Rings. After a very long interval of time, three foreigners bound with iron rings, came from the East to the monastery of ' An ancient name for Herefordshire. Tliere is nothing to identify the Meredydd here mentioned witli any of the reigning princes of Wales of that name, except that the occurrence took place after Saint Cadoc'a death ; and the sovereigns recorded as living nearest his era are Meredydd king of Dyved, slain about A.D. 800, by the Saxons, at Morva Rhuddlan. and Meredydd ab Owaiu uh Ilywel Dda, who in 900 laid waste Uad- nor and Glamorgnn. 3n 374 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. the aforesaid Saint, on the day of his solemnity. And while they celebrated mass, those iron bands, all the people be- holding them, broke. Wherefore that this miracle might be known to all, they hung those rings on the altar. 40. Of a Steward being slain, and afteuwards restored to life. Also the said Saint owned part of a certain field in Ire- land, on the banks of the river Liniphi, where he had a very faithful steward, who offensively preserved the corn of his master, that the flocks of the neighbours should not devour it, and he shut up in confinement the cattle of his neigh- bours. The governor of that province being inflamed with anger, collected together a hundred armed men, who to- gether attacked the steward of the blessed man; and all mutually striking him, each singly wounded him with one stroke of his weapon, and killed him; not one alone, but all were equally guilty of the murder. And they departing after his death, and looking back, saw the man who had been before killed, in health and standing; which being seen, they hastily directed their steps to him, and observed how soon the wounds of his head had been cured, whose scars being healed, they appeared no larger than the marks of bulrushes. Then all reflecting on what they had done, acknowledged that they were guilty of his death, and de- jiarting went together to the king, and related to him all that they had seen respecting this miracle. And the king when he heard it, enlarged the bounds of his paternal pro- perty, and magnified him during all his life. The learned among the Irish, who lived in the monastery of his disciple, the blessed Finnian, bear witness that if any one of the clergy of Saint Cadoc went to them, they honourably re- ceived him, and made him as one of their heirs. And this is said to be a token of their justice, that if an old man touch a lock of the monastery with his hand, he Mill open it witliout a key. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 375 41. Of the Inclination of a tree under the feet of the preacher. Formerly a king of Reinuc named Cynan, with the sur- name of Garwyn/ having collected a large force of troops, resolved to invade all the country of Glamorgan, and after a slaughter of the men, and a robbery of the cattle and household goods, to claim it to himself. And removing their camp, they settled on the banks of the great river Neath; which becoming known, the king of the country of Glamor- gan was struck with fear, and earnestly requested the clergy of the oftmentioned saint, that with the relics, and chest of the said saint, they would go to meet the king of Reinuc, and humbly request of him not to inflict any injury on them undeservedly. When they went with the relics to the side of the river Neath, one of them climbed up a high tree with a spotted bell, that from thence he might speak to the king, for owing to the great flood of water, they could not pass through the river. Then calling aloud from the top of the tree, he preached to him respecting the miracles of the blessed Cadoc; and as he preached, the tree under the feet of the clergpnan, began by degrees to turn towards the ground, and to make itself passable instead of a bridge, so that passing over it to the other side of the river he might discourse with the king face to face. Which being seen, the aforesaid king conferred the pro- tection of peace on all the country, and then the whole army becoming pacific, they returned to their respective habitations. O truly just man, in Avhom deceit was not found, he judged no one unjustly, and despised no one. No person ever saw him greatly rejoicing nor very sorrowful, except in the hours of prayer, when with tears he offered prayers to God. Adverse things never dispirited him, nor did prosperous ones exalt him ; nothing was ever in his > Cynan Garwyn succeeded his father, Brochwel Ysgythrog, in the principality of Powis, .about the middle of the seventh century. There is a satirical poem upon Cynan Garwyn, attributed to Taliesin, which is printed in the Myvyrian Archaiology, I. IBS. — Williams's Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Welshmen. 376 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. mouth besides Christ, and what belonged to him on account of obtaining correction; nothing was in is heart but peace, and patient piety with compassion. He searched daily by the Holy Spirit the things that were not his own, but those of Jesus Christ, for he was a chosen templeof the Holy Spirit. And therefore for all these things, and others like them, he shines in inaccessible and inestimable eternal glory, which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor hath entered into the heart of man, in heaven with the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Ghost, Three in One true God Almighty, to whom is honour, and glory, virtue and power, fortitude, and govern- ment continuing without end, for ever and ever. Amen. No one can relate the miracles performed by Cadoc; It is because he is not here with his mode of speaking; Christ, the Creator of the world, will grant pardon. To him, Avho wrote a Life with faults, named Lifris, 42. Of the Genealogy of the blessed Cadoc. The genealogy of the blessed Cadoc arises from the most noble emperors of Rome, from the time of the incarnation of Jesus Christ, Augustus Cesar, in whose time Christ was born, begat Octavianus, Octavianus begat Tiberius, Tiberius begat Caius, Cains begat Claudius, Claudius begat Vespa- sian, Vespasian begat Titus, Titus begat Domitian, Domi- tian begat Nero, under whom the apostles Peter and Paul suffered, Nero begat Trajan, Trajan begat Adrian, Adrian begat Antonius, Antonius begat Commodus, Commodus begat ]\Ieobus, Meobus begat Severus, Severus begat An- tonius, Antonius begat Aucanus, Aucanus begat Aurelian, Aurelian begat Alexander, Alexander begat IMaximus, IMaximus begat Gordian, Gordian begat Philip, Philip liegat Decius, Decius begat Gallus, Gallus begat Valerian, Valerian begat Cleopatra, Cleopatra begat Aurelian, Aure- lian begat Titus, Titus begat Probus, Probus begat Carosius, LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 377 Carosius begat Dioclesian, who perscuted the Christians throughout the whole world; for in his time the blessed martyrs Alban, that is Julian, Aaron, and many others suf- fered. Dioclesian begat Galerius, Galerius begat Constan- tino the Great the son of Helen, Constantine begat Con- stantius, Constantius begat Maximianus, with whom the British soldiers went from Britain, and he slew Gratian the Roman emperor, and held the government of all Europe; and he did not dismiss the soldiers, which he brought with him from Britain to return to their country on account of their bravery, but gave them many provinces and countries, that is from the pool which is on the top of the mountain of Jupiter to the city named Cantguic, and until the west- ern mound that is Cruc Ochideint; and from those soldiers arose a nation which is called Lettau.^ Maximianus there- fore begat Owain, Owain begat Nor, Nor begat Solor, Solor begat Glywys, Glywys begat Gwynlliw, Gwynlliw begat the most blessed Cadoc of whom we are speaking. A repetition of the pedigree of the Saint; the mat- ter on the side of his father from the best stocks of the kings of Ireland; Biscetbach begat Brusc, Brusc begat Urbf, Urbf begat Awlach, Awlach begat Brychan, Brychan begat Gwladys the mother of Saint Cadoc. This is the Pedigree of his mother Gwladys, from the race of the kings of Glamorgan and Mecumen. Anna, who the learned say was the cousin of the Virgin Mary the mother of Jesus Christ, begat Beli, Beli begat Abattach, Abattach begat Baallad, Baallad begat Oudoleum, Oudoleum begat Endos, Endos begat Ebiud, Ebiud begat Outigirim, Outigi- rim begat Oudicant, Oudicant begat Ritigurinum, Ritigur begat Remetel, Remetel begat Grat, Grat begat Urban, Ur- ban begat Teilpuill, Teilpuill begat Teuchnant, Teuchnant begat Tecmant, Tecmant begat Guotepauc, Guotepauc begat Coilhen, Coilhen begat Guorgust, Guorgust begat Meirchion, • These particulars are evidently copied from Nennius. Lady Charlotte Guest supposes ' Cant Guic'' to be Cantavic in Picardy, and "Cruc Ochideint " to be the western pro- montory of Gaul, opposite to which is an island called at present "D'Ouessant." — See Mabinogion, Vol. III. 294. 378 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. Meirchion begat Cimmarch, Cimmarcli begat liis daughter Hennini, Hemnii begat JN'Ieurig, JNIeurig begat Erbic, Erbic he"Sit Yrb, Yrb begat Idnerth, Idnertli begat Teitlifall, Teithfall begat Tewdrig, Tewdrig who was made a martyr in Gwent namely Merthir Tewdrig, who begat Marchell mother of Gwladys, who begat the blessed Cadoc. 44. Of the Pedigree op Gwladys, the mother op king Gwtnlliw, THE father of THE VENERABLE CaDOC, REPEATED FROM THE ABOVE-MENTIONED WoMAN. Anna begat Beli, Beli begat Afallach, Afallach begat Baalad, Baalad begat Owain, Owain begat Brithwein, Brithwein begat Dwfwnn, Dwfwnn begat Onwedd, On- wedd begat Enwerydd, Enwerydd begat Amgoloit, Amgo- loit begat Gorddwfn, Gorddwfa begat Dwfn, Dwfn begat Gwrddoli, Gwrddoli begat Doli, Doli begat G^\Tgain, Gwr- gain begat Cain, Cain begat Tegid, Tegid begat Padarn Pels Rudawc, Padarn begat Edeyrn, EdejTn begat Cu- nedda, Cunedda begat Ceredig, Ceredig begat Gwawl the mother of Gwynlliw, and Gwynlliw begat the most holy Cadoc. 45. Of the CONSTITUTION OF THE CaNONS OF NaNTCARVAN CITY. Saint Cadoc appointed thirty six Canons, who constantly and regularly served at the church of Nantcarvan, for he, by the election of God and man, entirely founded it, ac- cording to the divine proposal and as many court yards, in which the canons should have their habitations, and as many portions of land amounting to eighty acres, which were called from old times the property of the courts, and were cultivated by gardeners, who had the care of attending to gardens and orchards, and the keeping of hos- pitality, and also as many villages fi'om which they had ne- cessaries of food and clothing.^ ' 'Flic Editor is indebted to the Rev. D. Morgan, Vicar of Llancanan, and Mr. Edward Thomas otLlanbethery, for their kind assistance, in endeavouring to identify the various localities, mentioned in the following List of the Courts of the canons of Llancarvan. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 379 46. Op the possessions of the aforesaid Canons. First the court of the Desert/ which is the property of the Abbot, with the village of Tremgueithen." — The court of the Benignant,^ which the doctor possesses, with a portion of land in Castell." — A court set with a hazel tree,* where Saint Cadoc had his habitation. — The court of Aidanbloch, and the portion Nioysgurthin, with the village of the Farther Pennon.^ — The White Court,® which no wavering person ought to visit, in which Saint Elli his disciple and successor dwelt with the portion Crucygreif,^ and another nearer with the Greater Pennon. — The court of the Kitchen, with a portion of land in going to the right towards Talcatlan,^ and the village Pencrychgel.' — Another court of the Kitch- en, with a portion of land that is Caricoc" and the village Pellussen.^ — The court of the Consul, and a portion of land near Talcathlan, with the village Taljiontj'mit.^"' — The court of Tremycrucon, with Tremycrucon." — The court of Trem- lech with the portion of land beyond the cross, and the village of Tremlech.^^ The court of Samson, with the por- tion of Land Cymmyoucyti." — The court of Elphin with the village Cestilldincat.^* — The court of Chincencoh. — The 1 Probably the village of Llancarvan, where Saint Cadoo founded his monastery in a " desert." " Trefweithen, probably Llanfeithin, about a mile northward from Llancarvan. It gives its name to an extra parochial district, comprising Llanfeithin, Carn Llwyd, Felin Fach, Caer Maen, Llanbethery, Llancadle, and TregufF. ^ Abengnant and Castell Moel, in the parish of Llancarvan, about a mile from the village. ■* Tregoll or Trego, now called Treguff Place, the property of the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester. ^ The village of Pennon, near Llancarvan, the property of the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester. ^ Probably Whitton near Walterston, about a mile northeast from Llancarvan Church. ' Carn Llw7d, about a quarter of a mile from Llanfeithin, formerly the habitation of Dyfrig, (Saint Dubricius.) A Well in the vicinity is still called Ffynnon Dyfri. * Llancadle, in the parish of Llancarvan, and Jliddle Cross, the property of the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester. ' Caeau Crwoa, and Censan, in the parish of Penmark, about a mile south from Llan- 1° The village of Talpontbritwn or Brutone, about half a mile south from Llancadle. " Probably Tredwcan, in the parish of Penmark. ^'^ Trelech, probably Nerstone, in the parish of Penmark. la Owmmicyti, in the parish of Penmark, the property of E. Romilly, Esq. " Probably the Castle, in the hamlet of Moulton, near Llancarvan, the ruins of which are now visible. It is the property of Jesus College, Oxford. 380 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. court of the Mill, with the village Nantbucelis.^ — The court of Talcatlan,- which is the property of the Abbot. — The court of Curcus^ the priest, with the portion Cair Arthan,'' and the village Pencrycgil,^ with Pistillcatuc. — The court of Arguistel, with the portion of land Ygrestyl, and the village Hentrem drymbrych.'' — ^The court of Nestree with the portion beyond the ditch Pulltavus'^ and the village Brinsychan.^ — The court of Eida, with the village Tref- henun." — The court of Cair guicou^" with the village Ecclus- silid. — The court of Albrytson of Cynuyt, with the village Allt Cynuit. — The court of Cyndrayth, with the portion Nantcyncar," and the village Pencrycgel, and Cilbleingin-th. — The court of Ellybr, with the village Ellibr.— The court of Crucinan, Avitli the village Crucpilia. — The court of Medgarth, with the village JNIedgarth. The court of Cacr- ydicycit,^^ with the village Cairdicit. — The court of Cynblust, without a part of the church, with the village Celli dre- niiauc, that is Nant Carthay. 47. Of the distribution of the parts. Six parts were given amongst the principal persons. The first to the Abbot for government, the second to the Doctor, for teaching doctrine; the third to the Priest for executing the office of the priesthood. And what remained was di- vided equally among the Clergy, according to the number ^ The court of the Mill is an old ruin of a Place or Palace, called Norchant, in the parish of St. Athan. About three hundred yards distant, the remains of the old village Nantbwchlys can be traced in a field still called Bwchlos. ' Llancadle, before mentioned, — there are some remains of a chapel still to be seen, about a mile and a half from Llancarvan. ^ A place now called Cumix. * Caer Athan, Saint Athen, about a mile and a half westward from T.lanoadle. " Nant y Crickel and the old village Crickel, in the parish of Flemingston. ' Hendre Dyrabry, or Llanbethery village, about a mile westward from Llancarvan. ' Probably PwU y Mun, in the parish of Saint Nicholas. ' This may possibly be Brynsychadan, in the parish of Pendeulwyn. ° Trefhenyn, a village in Pendeulwyn parish, about three miles from Llancarvan. '" Probably Caer Wigau or Caer Wieca, in Pendeulwyn parish. " Nant y Cyngar, between Flemingston and Saint Mary Church. "This is the original name of the Glebe land, now called Winedelose, in a field ad- joining which was the ancient village of Caerdicit ; at which place a very large ecclesiastical edifice formerly stood, supposed to be the monastery, which, according to tradition, had a subterraneous passage nearly 100 yards in length communicating with the church; the field U now called Culvaiy or Calvary. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 381 of Prebendaries, excepting four, namely the surveyor, and tliree messengers who served the clergy with respect to tlie relics, wheresoever they directed them to be sent, and had nothing in common with the clergy, besides in the portions of land, and in their food ; but the men who came to the refuge of the church, on returning from the refuge, gave to them, on account of their dignity, an ewe and lamb, or four pence. 48. Of the manner of decimation or tithing. Whoever shall decimate, ought to divide the property into three parts, and give the first to the confessor, the se- cond to the altar, and the third to those who pray for him And the part of the altar is divided as we have before mentioned. 49. Op the manner of Wills. If any one affected with illness will not give separately, let him give to his confessor, according to his ability, for the church and watchings. And the parts of the church and of watchings, are divided as we have before mentioned. 50. Of the conversion of Gwynlliw. Be it known that in the days of Gwynlliw, there was a certain priest of the celebrated name of Cadoc, son of the aforesaid Gwynlliw. And the said blessed Cadoc was per- fect in faith, serving the Holy Spirit daily, and exercising him- self in the holy gospels of Christ. But his father, the afore- said Gwynlliw, was given up to carnal allurements, and fre- quently instigated his guards to robbery, and plunder, and lived altogether contrary to what was just and right, and disgraced his life with crimes. But Cadoc built his church on four foundations, justice, prudence, fortitude and temper- ance, and the monastery was full of choirs of singers, readers, and persons praying, which Saint Cadoc continually excited by divine exhortations, the Holy Spirit co-operating with 382 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. him, to obedience to God, the duty of mutual charity, and the jierformance of works of mercy to the poor. And as Cadoc, the man of God, saw the wicked acts of his father, deeply sighing he grieved on his account, and sent faithful messengers, of his disciples, namely Finnian, Guavan, and Elli, that they might convert him fi-om the errors of his malice and wickedness, and dispose him to divine obedience. Who diligently meeting, they, together with the elders, exhorted him, that renouncing the devil, and his pomps, and wicked works, with repentance and penance, he should trust himself to the advice of his son Cadoc, and confess his sins committed against God and him. Which his wife Gwladys hearing, and stimulated by the Holy Spirit, said, " Let us trust to our son, and he will be a father to us in heaven." Gwynlliw answering, said, "Whatever thou wilt tell me, let us do, and wherever thou wilt, I will go." Therefore Cadoc with the monks, and Gwynlliw with the elders, and also Gwladys, the mother of Cadoc, meeting together they quickly acquiesced to the advice of Cadoc, and both of them, namely, Gwpilliw and his wife, confessed their crimes with the satisfaction of penance. Afterwards Gwynlliw spoke to them as follows, "Whoever there may be of my race, may he serve God in true piety; and may all who live in my land, after their decease be buried in his cemetery." And Cadoc said, " Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand, and I will prepare a mansion for thee among the ce- lestials." And forthwith they sang the psalm, " The Lord will hear thee in the day of tribulation," to the end. The witnesses are G^Tnlliw, with the elders, and Cadoc with the monks, and his disciples. 51. Of the journey op Gwynlliw and his Wife. After an interval of some time, Gwynlliw and his wife by a vow went from home to Thebech; and a messenger came from God to Cadoc, directing him to come to his parents, and advise them how they might perform true re- LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 383 pentance for their crimes; who quickly obeying the divine orders, exhorted his parents by holy admonitions to perform it. And therefore his mother, Gwladys, built for herself a church in Pencarnou;^ Gwynlliw also soon erected another monastery, and there instituted divine service. Afterwards both parents invited Cadoc, who coming, they devoutly re- ceived him, and gave to him the aforesaid churches, which they had built for themselves, and also gave up all, that they had, to his authority. Of those churches there was to be no governor but of the family of Cadoc the man of God, or with his consent, and permission. And Gwynlliw said, " Whoever of my family, and of the elders of Gwynllwg, will break it, may be be cursed for ever." Cadoc and his monks were witnesses. " May no one receive tribute or pen- sion from those churches, but the family of Cadoc, nor any governor, nor ruler be in them, but by the election and ap- pointment of the family of the same Cadoc." 52. Of the Sword which Tewdwb, the leader, gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known that Tewdwr son of Meuric," gave a sword and vestment to Cadoc and his family, that therewith they might jjurchase land for their support. Conige,^ the abbot of the altar of Saint Cadoc gave that sword, and vestment to Spoi, and Rhodri for the village, whose name is Congu- oret in Pencenli, who granted it to be possessed by Cadoc, and his church in perpetual right, with annual pension of nine tierces of ale, and also bread, flesh, and honey, to be paid with the permission of Conige, and the aforesaid family by the hand of Spois and his sons for ever, and that the possession should be free and quit of all services, and exac- 1 Pencarnou, where Gwladys built her church, ia probably at Pencam, in the parish of Bassaleg, there are three farms, upper, middle, and lower Pencam, but no traces of a chapel on either. ■ — W. 2 I know not who this Tewdwr ap Meuric could be, no such son is recorded among the children of Meurig ap Tewdrig, — W. '■' Called in the Liber Landavensis, Cyngen, he was abbot of Llancarvan, in the time of Saint Oudoccus. 384 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. tions of earthly kings. The same Spois, the son of Gwrhiter, gave Guoreniet Avith three cows ; the aforesaid Rhodri held a charter, or written instrument under the hand of Conige, the abbot of Nantcarvan, in confirmation of this grant. Afterwards Rhodri, and Spois, and his son, came together also, and his clergy brought the cross of Saint Cadoc, and his earth, and going round the aforesaid land of Conguoret, claimed it; and before proper witnesses, scattered the earth of the aforesaid saint thereon in token of perpetual possession. Of the laity, the witnesses are Rhodri, Guornemet, Guagu- orit, Hoilbiu, Howhoer, Coelbiu; and of the clergy, Samson, abbot of the altar of Saint lUtyd, Conige, abbot of the altar of Saint Cadoc, Plossan, Atern, Jouan, Minuocioi, Brenii and family Avere witnesses. He who will keep it, God Avill keep him; he who will break it, Mill be cursed by the Lord. Amen. 53. Of the part op the field, which Brannoguid gave to the MONASTERY OF SaINT CADOC. Be it known that Brannoguid son of Febric gave the half part of the field of Idraelis to God, and the monastery of Saint Cadoc, for his soul, and that his name might be written in the book of Cadoc at Nantcarvan, and he the said Bronnoguid, and his three sons Guedan, and Guobrir, and Meuc, held a written deed under the hand of Conige, the principal of the altar of Cadoc, in eternal right of dona- tion to God and Saint Cadoc. For the annual perpetual rent of that field is three tierces of ale, and bread, and flesh, and a pound of honey; for these ought Bronneguid, and his three sons, and their kindred to pay annually to the family of Cadoc until the day of judgment. Of this agreement the witnesses are, Brannoguid the owner of the farm and his sons, Guoidan, Marcant, Junemet, Conige abbot, Elionoy, Brenic, Mannocior, Beduan, Plissan. Whoever will keep this donation, God will keep him, and whoever will break it, will be cursed by God. Amen. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. àbO 54. Of the penance op Seiüs for killing two of his Nephews. After an interval of time, Cuan Bunry^ slew two men, sons of his sister, namely Atgan, and Aidnerth, wherefore Cadoc and Illtyd came and cursed Cuan, but Cuan being compelled, came, and his kings with him, to the presence of Cadoc and Illtyd, and confessed to them their crimes. But they said to him, " Redeem the crime of homicide." Cat- len answered, saying, " I will give the field, named Lan- hoittan, to Cadoc; the rent for which is two vessels of six tierces of ale, with bread, and flesh, and honey, according to the accustomed measure. And Merchion gave a village named Conliil to Illtyd, and three vessels which contained six tierces of ale, each of which vessels with the lands, the granters gave to the aforesaid saints for a perpetual gift. And they accepting the satisfaction of Cuan, enjoined him fourteen years penance. The witnesses of this fact, were Cotton, Merchion, Ceuan, Cothy, Catman, Hoitlon, Virga, Cadoc, Finian, Seoctus, Eutegyrn reader; the family of Cadoc, and Illtyd were also witnesses. Whoever will keep it, he will be blessed by God, and whoever breaks it, will be cursed. 55. How Saint Cadoc erected a church to his disciple Macmoillus. Be it known to you that Cadoc erected a church to Mac- moillus his disciple," and protected it with a fence, and therein built an altar, that he might lodge when he should go to Gwent, and should return ; and he appointed Mac- moillus Prior therein, and governor of all its administra- tion. Cadoc therefore promised the rewards of the king- dom of heaven to all who should increase the possessions of ' In the other MS. he i3 called Coan Birry. " This was in the parish of Bedwellty, of which it is a hamlet ; in the twelfth century- it waa written Massmoil, and by successive corruptions in the course of years, is now called Mamhole. It is uncertain where this building stood, if it be not the present parish church, or at least on the same site. It was in existence, and called Ecclesia de Mass- moil, in a record dated between 1101 and 1107, but no mention of Bedwellty, whence I conclude they were both the same. — W. 386 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. that church, in lands, or money, or in alms. The witnesses of this are Cadoc, and his clergy, Pachan, Ditiu, Hoduam- Whosoever will keep it, will be blessed by God, and ever will break it, will be cursed. 56. Op the Land Pencarnou, which Gwallouer gave to St. Cadoc. Be it known that Gwallouer gave to God, and Saint Ca- doc the land Pencarnou,^ for his soul, for ever, until the day of judgment. Gwallouer also gave this village to his son Iddon, that he and his heirs might supply the family of Ca- doc with the produce of the land, on their account ; the rent of which land is nine tierces of ale, bread, flesh, and honey. So that whenever the clergy of Cadoc would eat and drink, namely in Bassaleg, or in Pencarnou, the aforesaid Judnon was to bring meat and drink to them ; as we have before mentioned. The witnesses to this agreement are, Paulus abbot of Nantcarban, Guenlion his brother, Tliuiuc, Cano- poi, Tanet, Nierbrith, Merhitr, Concum. Whosoever will keep it, God will keep him, and who will break it, he will be cursed by the Lord. Amen. 57. Op part of a Field which Retoni gave to Saint Cadoc. It is to be observed that Retoni gave to God and Saint Cadoc, to be possessed by perpetual right, the half part of a field, near the city of the Legion,^ which fell to him by hereditary right; and what had devolved to Herbic; he bought the same of him, and gave it to God and Saint Ca- doc. Of M'hich thing the following are witnesses, Herbic, Curnuet, Cogale, clergymen. Of the laity Guornet, Gued- guon, Guedgui, Sonus, Alderreg. Whoever will keep it, may he be blessed ; who will violate it, may he be cursed. Amen. ' Pencarnou here mentioned, is evidently in Bassaleg.— W. ' Llangathor juxta Caerlleon no doubt. — W. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 387 58. Op the Field which Temic gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known that Temic gave a field, that is of the land of Cruciu, to the altar of Saint Cadoc in perpetual possession, with his sons, in the time of Paul abbot of Nantcarvan ; which constantly paid annually six tierces of ale, and bread, and flesh, to the family of Saint Cadoc. The witnesses are, of the clergy, Guonan, Matganoi, Soy, Brenic, Elionoc, Pill reader ; and of the laity, Cengrat, Guedhoc, Elinniu, Rimo- geat, Brannoc, Cunhape. Whosoever will preserve this offering, God will preserve him, and who will take from it, God will destroy him. 59. Of the village of Cradoc, which Gwengarth gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known that king Morgan while hunting, came to the banks of the river Nadawan, and set a hawk on a duck, and both the hawk and the duck passed over the river fly- ing. And suddenly there came an eagle from the sea coast to take off the hawk ; which when king Morgan saw, he was much gi-ieved. But a disciple of the excited king, named Gwengarth,^ coming forwards armed with a shield a sword and a lance, threw himself into the river, and boldly snatched away the hawk from the seizure of the eagle, and likewise drolly brought the hawk with the duck to the hand of king Morgan, and by so doing pleased him not a little. Wherefore Morgan said to Gwengarth, "Lo, I will give to thee the village of Cradoc in hereditary right, having its length from the city of Frotguid, as far as the river Nadawan, and its breadth from the fountain Gwen- garth, to another fountain Gwengarth." The same day Morgan and Gwengarth went to a certain territory of Cadoc; and Gwengarth gave to God and Saint Cadoc the rent of ' The name of Gwengarth occurs in the Liber Landavensis, pp. le of Oudoceus, and p. 432, in that of Berthgwyn. — W. 388 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. the aforesaid village of Cradoc for his soul, and for the soul of king Morgan, namely every year twelve tierces of ale, a sextary of honey, and also bread and flesh. Also the said Gvveugarth gave for his soul to Coumogoy Hipiclaur, his gilt sword, of the value of seventy cows. Wherefore Con- mogoy consulted Gwengarth, as to his giving the sword to JNIorgan that he might confirm the donation of Gwengarth respecting the town of Cradoc; which he also did. By which thing, Morgan had the aforesaid donation confirmed, which he also got strengthened by a written document under the hand of Sulien, that it should be from thencefor- ward free and quit from all earthly service, and altogether subject to obedience to God and Saint Cadoc. Of which thing, the witnesses are, Älorgan for himself, that there should be no governor of the territory besides Gwengarth, and his heirs. Of the clergy, Sullien,^ Coumogoy, Danog,^ Guorgethen, Legan, Elgnou; of the laity, Gwingueri, Jacob, Boduan, Elguan, Curhitr, Cuncuan. Whosoever will keep it, will be blessed, and he who will break it, will be cursed by God and Saint Cadoc. Amen. Be it known to all persons, and to the successors of the kings of this world, on account of the changeableness of times, that Elli the disciple of the blessed Cadoc, having been diligently educated by him from his childhood, and eminently instructed in sacred literature, and was the most beloved of all his disciples, mentioned, saying, "Lo, I have built a church, and houses in the name of the Lord, and I, and all my successors will be obedient, and subject to the friendly family of Cadoc." And Elli gave to the aforesaid family, by a perpetual payment in every year, provisions for three nights in summer, and as many in winter, with thanksgiving, and joy, prayers, and spiritual hymns ; but in ordering the government of the said church, the abbot of the monastery of Cadoc should always be the president, and 'Danog was abbot of Llancarvan, temp. Berthgwyn, Liber L.indavensia p. 432, and Sulicn in the times of Gudoceus, Berthgwj'n, and Trychan. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 389 leader. And if it should happen that Cadoc, and his suc- cessors should come Avith their claim of being patrons, there should be given to them two oxen, as an acknowledgment of alliance, and subjection. When they were assembled to- gether at the monastery, EUi in their sight confirmed this agreement with the kiss of peace, near the cross which is in middle of the way and known to many. Of this matter, the witnesses are, Cadoc, EUi, Cleopas, Samson, Jacob, Boduan, Conachan, Mach. They went each of them home- wards, blessing repeatedly. Amen. 60. Of the Field whicu Terengüal gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known that Terengual gave the field Lughoidel to God and Cadoc, which paid annually to Saint Cadoc and his family, three tierces of ale, and bread, and flesh, and if it happened that ale was not to be had, there should be paid four bushels of wheat, or a white cloak. This alms Teren- gual gave to God, and Saint Cadoc, free and quit from all regal, and earthly service, for his soul, and for the soul of Morgan. The witnesses are Jacob the governor of the altar of Cadoc, and his family, Conmogoi, Connul, Joseph, Brunonoi, Catgen ; of the family of lUtyd, the witnesses are Morgan, Gwallouir, Gwiddgen, Gwengarth. The boundary of this field is from PwU Tenbiub, as far as Dirprisc. Who- soever will keep it, may he be blessed, and he who will vio- late it, will be cursed by God. 61. Op the village op Reartii which Güorcinnim gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known to all that Guorcinnim bought the village Reathr of Meurig, for his own inheritance, for a sword, the golden hilt of which was worth twenty five cows. He also gave to Cyngen, the son of Paul, a horse of the value of four cows, also vestments of three ounces to Commorus, and formerly a very excellent horse to the son of Cyngen, 390 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. and to Andreas, the son of Morgan, a sword of the value of four cows. Also the same person gave one to Idnerth the son of Äleurig of the value of fom- cows ; and an ox to Coniouneno, who had brought him up, and another cow to Gwengarth, steward to the king. After this purchase, Meuric and Cyngen held a written deed under the hand of Guorcinni, for perpetual inheritance to him, and his pro- geny. And Guorcinni himself gave this village to the church of Saint Cadoc in perpetual possession until the day of judgment ; and held a written deed of the grant under the hand of Jacob, abbot of Carvan valley, for the comme- moration of this alms, before proper Avitnesses, whose names are subscribed ; Oudoc, bishop, and Cethig governor of the altar of Saint Dogwin, Jacob governor of the altar of Saint Cadoc, and his family with him ; of the family of Illtyd, the witnesses are Conmoc presbyter, Comnil mas- ter, and Joseph jircsbj'ter, Biuone, Catgen ; of the laity, Meurig and his sons, Andras, Gwedgen, Bramail, Coucit son of Ermit, Guorbis son of Berran, Aeintoc, Assail, Arcon, Gwallonir, Ithel, Matton, Eliudus, Hilon, who were all witnesses to this written deed of donation. And the afore- said village Rearthr belonged to Mesioco by hereditary right, to whom Guorcinnim gave a horse of the value of three cows that he might agrsa to this grant. AVhoever will violate it will be cursed by God. 62. Of the field wnicn Cynvelyn gave to Saint Cadoc. Be it known that Cynfelyn gave the field called Lisdin Borrion^ with his bod}^ for the traffic of the heavenly king- dom, to God and Saint Cadoc, Mhich would jiay him an- nually six tierces of ale, with bread and flesh, and honey. And Conige is witness, who under his hand wrote the cor- responding deed. Din Birrion occurs in the Liber Landavensis, p. 465, and was given by Cynvelyn ap Cynog to Oudoceus, tlie same person evidently as this Cynfelyn. It is possibly Usk, the Burnum of the Itineraries; the present church is dedicated to Saint Mary, but there may have been a previous one dedicated to, or built by Cadoc— \V. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 891 63. Of the land Llanqadwaladr, which Gwidnertu gave to Saint Cadoc. It is to be made known that Gwidnerth gave Llangad- waladr^ to God and Saint Cadoc, that it might pay him every year three tierces of ale, with all things due, on ac- count of his killing his cousin Meirchion, and at length, he gave it with the rents to Dogwinuus. Of this, the wit- nesses were Berthgwyn bishop, Conmil, Terchan and his congregation. Sullen abbot of Nantcarvan, Lumbiu pres- byter, Biuonoi, Jonab, and the congregation of Saint Cadoc, Saturn prince of the altar of Dogwinuus, Morgan, Gwid- nerth. Whosoever will keep it, will be blessed, and who will violate it, will be cursed by God. 64. Op the land which Meurig gave to Saint Cadoc- It is to be shewn on account of future changes of times, and the successors of kings, that king Meurig gave for his soul, and also equally that of his sister Sule, part of a field called Insule Tuican, and two parts of a field which were the property of Guorbrith and Cassoc, respecting which, king Meurig held a written deed under the hand of Jacob, abbot of the choir of Saint Cadoc, that he might make them free and quit from all rent, and every claim, and all services, ex- cept to the family of Saint Cadoc. Wherefore Jacob after- wards gave a horse to king Meurig, and he gave it to Gwyddgen, son of Brochmael. The witnesses of this trans- action are Jacob abbot, Rumceneu, Catthig, and their fathers, Commogoe, Conmil, Gwrgeneu, Beuonoc, Catgen, Heargin, Crasgell, Eittigyn, Gwyddon, Sullen, clergymen. Of the laity, Meurig for himself alone, and for his sons from generation to generation, Gwyddgeir son of Broch- ' Llangadwaladr was given to Berthgwyn, by this same person, and for the same rea- son, liiber Landavensis, p. 430, and some of the witnesses are the same W. 2 Gwyddgen son of Brochwel, made a grant of Cabal va, near Llandaff, to Saint Oudo- ceus. — Liber Landavensis, page 39i. 392 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. mael, Gwallonir, Guorcinuim, Guorbes, Morgan, Morheen. These are the witnesses to this agreement, that it may not be disannulled for ever. Then king JNIeurig confirmed his grant on the altar of Saint Cadoc before his seniors. "\^^ho- ever will keep it, will be blessed, and who will dissolve it will be cursed by God. 65. Of king Maelgon being deprived of sight. Maelgon the Great was king of the Britons, and governed all Britain, from which he was paid annually, a hundred cows, with as many calves, of the sort he chose, from each township. Therefore the tax-gatherers of king JNIaelgon came to collect tribute as far as Gvvynllwg, and seized on a very beautiful girl, named Abalcem, daughter of Guiragon, superintendent of Saint Cadoc, and took her away with them. On Avhich account, the relatives of the girl became angry, mounted their horses, and sounded their horns; which being heard by all the warlike men of that city, they arose, and pursuing them, slew three hundred men, one excepted who informed the king of what had been done. AVhich having been heard, the king raging with furious anger, came with a large army for the purpose of revenging him- self, to the place Avhich is called Crucglas. And Saint Cadoc with all the inhabitants of Gwynllwg, arose to meet the king, and went down to the place, where is the fountain Brutrou, and there he fasted, with all his attendants accom- panying him. Maelgon therefore sent his messenger Ar- gantbad to the blessed man, ordering him to pay at Rhiw- carw, the price of the men who had been slain; who answered that he would not by any means pay anything, unless by the judgment of God and man. But the king refused the judgment, and on that very night, it Mas revealed by an angel to the holy man Moucam, that he should restrain the king from his cruelty; who also declared to the king what had been made known to him by the angelic oracle. LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 893 But he altogether despised his admonitions; for early in the morning, the king moved his camp to commit slaughter, and immediately he became deprived of his sight, and knew not how to direct his steps; he therefore sent his mes- sengers, namely, Maucan and Argantbad, to Saint Cadoc, informing him what had happened to him, and earnestly intreated that he would deign to visit him, and restore to him his lost sight; but the man of God refused until he came to confession. Then the king came to him, and granted all the things that he asked of him; therefore the blessed Cadoc, being permitted by the king, requested that a refuge should be given to him, in the city of Gwynllwg, similar to the refuge of Saint David in the valley of Rosina. And he gave to the blessed Cadoc the refuge he requested, and granted to him the horse, and sword wherewith he was girt, and also the golden vestments whereAvith he was clothed, and received him as his governor. And king Mael- gon made an eternal agreement with Saint Cadoc and his successors, saying, " If any one of my race will break this, he shall be cursed, and may the last of my progeny assist your family at Gwynllwg as his last brother." King Maelgon with his nobles, and the blessed Cadoc with his clergy, blessed all Mho kept this agreement, and on the other hand, unani- mously cursed all who should not keep it. Therefore the man of God shewed to the king, what he was to deliver to him, namely three hundred and fifty cows, the price of of the several nobles of his progeny, and said, " Whatsoever any one of my stock of Gwynllwg shall obtain from the king as an eternal inheritance, may he have it without any rent." Whosoever shall buy anything of my stock in the country of Glywysig beyond the boundaries of Gwynllwg, may he have the right of perpetual inheritance, and a price and rent be paid to him." And the king on the other hand shewed his pledge to the blessed man, and said, " Who shall kill any of my stock, may his land be given to the parents of him who was killed, and his price be paid to his children. If any one strike a stranger who shall flee to the refuge of 394 LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. Gwynllwg, he shall pay one hundred cows according to judgment; but should he deny, he must give the oath of sixty men." Also Saint Cadoc appointed the space of his refuge to be seven years, and seven months, and seven days, and a night's lodging in the house of every man in the town, and afterwards he was to be dismissed from the refuge of Gwyn- Ilwg to any other place of security he might wish. Saint Cadoc bore witness again, saying, " If any one of my pro- geny be taken without the consent of the leader of his race, he shall be dismissed unhurt, with his property; but should he be taken with the consent of his leader, he is to be re- tained in custody until he will release him. No tribute shall be paid to the king by my stock, except an assessment of cattle after a revolution of seven years, when the latter is to reserve to himself one third part, and the other two he is to contribute to the king. And if any one should hurt the leader of a generation of Gwynllwg, or shed his blood, the person committing the offence shall not be restored, but by the giving of land, gold, and animals. And whoever shall pay to the king the price of the death of any one of my race, if he should be struck, his price shall in like man- ner be paid to the king. Should any of the men of my race, be hurt, or slain, a cow with a sheep shall be paid as the price of his soul. Also if any one of the progeny of the Britons should be slain in the refuge of Gwynllwg, the price of his soul shall be paid as in his own land, and should he be an exiled person of the stock of Gwynllwg, it shall be paid in like manner." And Saint Cadoc commanded his relatives, "If a leading man should break this testament of agreement, dismiss him, and choose another of his race who will keep it; and if such cannot be found, choose from an- other race." 66. Op the Witnesses of Saint Cadoc. The witnesses of the agreement of refuge, which the bles- sed Cadoc made with king Rhun, his uncle, sou of Brychan LIFE OF SAINT CADOC. 395 his grandfather, and are written in the Life of the man of God, are the following. Of the clergy, David, Chenedir, Eliud, lUtyd, Älaidoc, Cannau;^ of the laity, the witnesses are Gober, Meliat, Cheleni, Chunleith, Chumurth, Aman; also of the race of Cadoc, the witnesses are Cinmur, Etelig, Luipet, Seru, Poul.^ 1 Cannau, ap Gw7dcllliw, ap Gwynlliw, ap Glywya, was the founder of Llangannau, in Morganwg. — Achau y Saint. '■' The discrepancies and anachronisms in all the accounts of St. Cadoc, or Cattwg, can only be accounted for, by supposing that two or three individuals have been confounded together, and this appears to have been the case in other instances as well as this, hence has arisen the necessity of lengthening the lives of our Welsh Saints to something like double the usual average of human existence, and it has been even asserted that the usual duration of life in the county of Glamorgan was 120 years! Now in the Achau Saint we have two saints of the name, one the son of Brychan and the other the son of Gwynlliw, but all the legends are referred to the last; again in the Roman Catholic Ca- lendar we find three St. Cadocs, one is styled an Abbot, and commemorated on the 24 January, the second a Bishop, whose feast is the 24 February, and the third a priest, on the 31 March. There can be no doubt that these were three different persons. Professor Rees, from Cressy, says the feast of St. Cadoc ap Brychan is 24 January, and Cadoc ap Gwynlliw 24 February; now this identifies the son of Brychan with the Abbot of the calendar, and if, as has been asserted, Llancarvan was founded in the time of St. Ger- manus' second visit to this island in 447, he must have been, as from the same authority we are informed that Cadoc ap Brychan died 490, but Cadoc ap Gwynlliw not till 580, which dates appear from other considerations to be very near the truth. Of the Bishop wo know nothing more than the name, except the absurd legend which identifies him with Cadoc ap Gwynlliw, and to which we shall have occasion to refer hereafter, and owing to which the 24 Feb. has been taken as the feast day of the latter, instead of the 31 of March. We have to choose between two opposite propositions, either that the college was founded in the time of Germanus, and Cadoc ap Brychan was its first Abbot, or if we accord that dignity to Cadoc ap Gwynlliw, St. Germanus could have had nothing to do with it, and the era of its erection must be brought down at least a century. If the last proposition be assumed, the 24 January must be taken as the feast of Cadoc .ap Gwynlliw, and 31 March that of Cadoc ap Brychan, and leaving the Bishop, whoever he was, in possession of the 24 February. The calendar is much better evidence of the existence of three saints of the name of Cadoc than Cressy, or any legend or modern author, their respective cha- racters being distinctly noticed as an Abbot, a Bishop, and a Priest. The question then arises, was the college of Llancarvan founded at that early period of Germanus's visit to Britain in 447? All the accounts, that is our Welsh accounts, I believe, agree in stating that it was ; they also state that Saint Dubricius was its Princi- pal, and was succeeded by Saint Cadoc, and further it seems generally admitted that the establishment of this college or school at Llancarvan, was anterior to that at Llanilltyd. Against these opinions however, it may be observed, that the life of Saint Germanus, writ- ten by Constantius, a priest of Lyons, about 50 years after the death of that saint, makes no mention of any school founded by him in Britain, or under his auspices, and in fact there is nothing in the work to shew that Germanus ever penetrated as far as Wales at all ; and again, although the abbot of Llancarvan, Llanilltyd, and Docunni, frequently appear as witnesses to different grants, recorded in the Lib. Land. ; there is not one of either monastery mentioned before the time of Oudoceus, in the latter part of the 6th century. The name of Cadoc or Cattwg, occurs but once in the Liber Landavensis, and then not in a way to identify him with our saint, but on the contrary, he seems to have been a very different person; it is in a grant to Bishop Ufehvy, where one of the clerical witnesses is called Cynwal ap Cattwg. The first abbot of Llancarvan mentioned, is Cyngen, whose name is found in pp. 372, 390, 395, and was evidently the same person as the Conige of the grants here recorded. At the same time, Cadgen was the superior of Llanilltyd. — • The omission of the names of any such dignitiaries, as the abbots of these monasteries, in the previous grants to Dubricius and Teilo, seems to justify the inference that these es- tablishments either did not exist, or were then in their infancy, and only rose into im- portance in the time of Oudoceus. — W. lY. HERE BEGINS THE LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG, CONFESSOR, XVII KAL. JUNE. //jTOl'S solemnity is to be reverenced by all men, who be- ^ lieved in God vehen the blessed Carannog, son of Ceredig, was taken up to heaven, who descended from illus- trious parents, was exalted according to the dignity of the age, so easy it is to deduce his descent from JNIary, the mother of our Lord, than whom no one among the kings of the Britons is accounted higher. But to earthly kingdoms, he would not aspire; from the years of his childhood he preserved his innocency; and afterwards he went to the cave of Edilu, and read canonical lectures from the Old and New Testament. Then he went to Ireland, Patrick having preceded him; and they met each other and resided to- gether; as it is said, "Behold how good, and pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity." And they consulted ' Fmm fl.n f',,tt, I,;i,. líritiíh Museum, Vespasian, A. xiv. '-' I ' , II . I . ..run, the son of Ceredig, and the founder of Llangrannog, <'n i 1' 11 1 1 IN in the list of Cornish Saints, as the founder of Crantock stciry of liis liavinj; journeyed tliin. 111. ,l:i> "it Iik.I ilh, (or rather burial,) was the 17th of theCalendsof June, con. i a: i mh days after which, or on the 27 of the same month, being tli i i j, Old Style, a fair is held at Llangrannog aforesaid. His fe.i^l, .,, r Im^ i i nn i iM i ,il,iid.ar in the possession of Mr. Wakoman, is May 17, but accor.liiig to the Cmni'h List, and an Old Calendar published in the lolo MSB. it is May 16, as above. LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG. 397 together what they should do, and they agreed that they shoukl separate, one go to the left, and the other to the right, because many clergymen walked with them, and others because they wanted health. And Carannog went to the right part, and Patrick to the left, and they agreed that they should meet once a year. In those days the Scots overcame Britain for thirty years, the names of whose generals were Briseus, Thuthaius, Machleius, Anpachus. In the year of the birth of Saint David son of Sandde, Carannog was well received in Ire- land, for it was not difficult for God to lead his servants: an angel of the Lord was sent to attend him in the form of a dove, and he changed his name, in the language of that country, to Cernach. And the churches, and cities in the region of Legen were exalted under his name, and wherever he was, he performed by the direction of God in- numerable miracles ; he healed many thousands of persons who were afflicted with various disorders, as the blind, the lame, the lunatics, and the like to them, whom God en- riched with the highest rewards and stations, to reign with happy princes in heaven. The works of the blessed Cer- nach are read in Ireland, throughout the country, as the miracles of the blessed apostle Peter are read at Rome; and his life was perfect, equal to that of the apostles; as it is read, "Go, and teach all nations;" and the grace which was given to the apostles was full in him. " Whomsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven, and whom- soever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven." Such a person was to be feared, and adored, who by good Avorks, was powerful in the highest throne, and able to save bodies on earth; he was valiant and faithful, and a pro- moter of peace, for he was like the angels in a wonderful manner ; under the sun he was a brave soldier, a wonderful, spiritual, and principal abbot, a patient teacher of faithful- ness, proclaiming justice to all the just, and a preacher of the heavenly kingdom. He lived many years free from sin, he avoided crimes as they deserved, and rendered all thanks 398 LIFE OF SAINT CAARANNOG. to God in tlie highest, he uttered innumerable prayers by- day and by night, that were most fervent, holy and salutary. This is the dear, aided Cernach, for he was heavenly, and divinely enriched with great gifts, to whom there was no decay which is appointed to men. And he found grace acquired by great labour, which was pious and most pure, and was most clearly represented by the parable of the candle, when tlie pastor of the church wonderfully held the eccle- siastical golden candlesticks. O Pastor most full, seven fold the best, holy and most modest; following the works of Peter in the apostolic chair, and Paul in doctrine, and bringing many countries to the faith. Saint Carannog con- verted districts of Irishmen against the wishes of the com- panies of magicians, and was honoured by kings. And afterwards he came again to his own country, Cer- edigion, to his cave,^ with many clerg}anen, and there per- formed many miracles, which no one can enumerate. And Christ gave him an honourable altar from on high, the colour of Avhich no person could comprehend; and after- wards when he came to the Severn to sail over it, he cast the altar into the sea, and it went before him where God wished him to go. In those times, Cato and Arthur lived in that country, dwelling in Dindrarthou; and Arthur went about that he might find out a very powerful, large, and terrible serpent, which laid waste twelve parts of the land Carrum ; and Carannog came, and saluted Arthur, who re- joicing, received his blessing from him. And Carannog asked Arthur whether he had heard where his altar had landed; and Arthur answered, "If I shall be paid for it, I will tell thee," and he said, " What dost thou require to be done?" He answered, " That thou shouldest lead the serpent that is near thee, and we shall see whether thou art a ser- vant of God." Then the blessed Carannog went and prayed to the Lord, and immediately the serpent came with a great ' This is said to have been among the rocks on the coast in Llangrannog parish in Car- digansliire. Above the small harbour in that parish is a rock having some resemblance to a large chair, and is called Eisteddfa Carannog. LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG. 399 noise, running as a calf to its dam. And it bowed its head to the servant of God, as an obedient servant to its master, with an humble heart, and downcast eyes. And he put his robe about its neck, and led it as a lamb, and it did not raise its wings or claws ; and its neck was as that of a bull seven years old, so that the robe could scarcely go round it. Then they went together to the castle, that they might salute Cato; and they were well received by him. And he brought the serpent to the middle of the hall, that he might feed it before the people; and they endeavoured to kill it, but he would not let them, because he said that it came by the word of God to destroy the sinners, who were in Carrum; and for him to show the power of God by it. And after- wards he went without the gate of the castle, and loosed it, and in its departing, he commanded that it should hurt no one, nor return any more; and it injured none as God had commanded. And the altar being received, Arthur intended to make it a table, but whatever was put thereon, was thrown off to some distance. And the king requested that he would receive Carrum for ever by a written deed, and afterwards he built there a church. Subsequently a voice came to him from heaven, directing him to place his altar in the sea, and lie sent Cato and Arthur that they might make enquiry respecting the altar; and it was told to them that it had landed in the port of Guellit; and the king said, "I will again give twelve parts of land, where the altar may be found." Afterwards Carannog came and built there a church, and the city was called Can-on. And a voice came to him from heaven, and said that he should go into exile, and leave his family. Innumerable persons were buried in that city, and their names are not mentioned, and he alone went to Ireland, and he was buried on the seven- teenth of the calends of June, in his celebrated city, and the best of all his cities, which is called the city of Cher- nach. And he departed in peace, and left peace, and found peace, as it is read, " Blessed are the peaceable, for they 400 LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG. shall be called the sons of God." And again, the Prophet Baith, " Precious in the sight of God is the death of his Saints." He was mindful that the substance of this carnal world was frail, and that all things, although at present fair, are corruptible. It was more empty than a hollow tube, and has gained many men. " O truly happy life, worthy of the God of gifts, O truly blessed man, in whom there was no deceit; judging no one, despising no one, rendering to no one evil for evil, he frequently wept for blasphemers ; and he now remains spotless with joy and glory, amongst the hosts of angels for ever and ever, Amen. At a certain time, there was a man named Ceredig, who was a king, and had many sons ; of whom, one was called Carannog son of Ceredig, son of Cunedda, son of Edeyrn, son of Padarn pels Rudawg, son of Tegid, son of Kain, son of Gwrgain, son of Doli, son of Gwrdoli, son of Dwfn, son of Gwrddofn, son of Amguoloid, son of Enwerydd, son of On- wedd, son of Dwfn, son of Brithgwein, son of Owain, son of Avallach, son of Canalech, son of Beli, and his mother was Anna, who they say was the cousin of the Virgin Mary.^ Cunedda had several sons. The firstborn was Tybiawn, who died in the country by the hand of Gudodin, and did not come hither with Cunedda and his brothers. But his brother Äleiriawn divided the possessions of his father amongst his brethren. The second Avas Ishmael, the third Rhuvawn, the fourth Dunawd, the fifth Ceredig, the sixth Abalach, the seventh Einion, the eighth Dogmael, the ninth EdeyTn. This is their boundary : — From the river which is called, Dobyr Duis, as far as another river called Guoun. And they held many countries in Western Britain. And Cere- dig held Ceredigion, and fi-om him it received its name. And after he held it, the Scots came and fought with them, and seized all the country. And Ceredig was an old man, and the elders said to him, " Thou art aged, Sir, and canst Ilia genealogy is given with some variations, in the Lives of Saint Cadoc, and Saint LIFE OF SAINT CARANNOG. 401 not fight, we ought to appoint some one of thy sons to be king." "Which is the eldest?" they said, "Carannog." " He ouglit to be king." But Carannog loved a heavenly king more than an earthly kingdom, and the will of his master better than human favour. And he, when he heard it, took to flight that they might not find him. Then he first took a better staff, and a spade from a certain poor man, and came to a place called Guerit Carannog, and re- mained there for some time, and would there pray to God. And when he was there, and would do some work, a pigeon came daily, and took from his staff what he had pared off. And he said, " Lord, to what place does it take it," and he resolved in his mind, " I will go, and see where it takes it to." And he arose and went through a wood, and forest, and the pigeon came and alighted in a place, where there is at present a church, and there it parted with it. And he saw, and said, " Here I ought to be, for God wills it." And he remained there some time, and rendered devout thanks to God. V. HERE IS AN ACCOUNT OP THE PEDIGREE OF SAINT DAVID,' AND A SKETCH OF HIS LIFE. iTiabtil was the son of Sandde, the son of Ceredig, the "^^ son of Cunedda, the son of Edeyrn, the son of Padarn Beisrudd, the son of Deil, the son of Gwrddeil, the son of Dwfyn, the son of Gorddwfpi, the son of Anignod, the son of Amweryd, the son of Ouwydd, the son of Perw, the son of Dwfn, the son of Owain, the son of Avallach, the son of Eugen, the son of Eirdolen, the son of the sister of the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ. ' From the MS. in the Cott. Library, British Museum, marked Titus D. XXII. collated with a MS. in the Library of Jesus College, Oxford. ' David, or as his countrymen call him Dewi, was the son of Sandde ap Ceredig ap Cunedda, by Non the daughter of Ynyr Caergawch. It is said by Giraldus Cam- brensis that he was bom at that place, since called Saint David's, and that he was bap- tized at I'orth Clais in that neiglibourhood, by .ffilocus, or rather Albeus, bishop of Mun- 8ter, who had arrived at that time from Ireland. He also says that he was brought up at a place, the name of which, meaning the Old Bush, is in Welsh Hen Meneu, and in Latin Vetus Menevia. Saint David is reported to have received his religious education in the school of lUtyd, and afterwards in the school of Paulinus, in White House on Tave. Geoffrey of Monmouth states that Dewi, Archbishop of Caerleon, died in the Jlonastery he liad founded in Menevia, where he was honourably buried by Maelgvm Gw7nedd. Ac- cording to the computation of Archbishop Usher, Saint David died A.D. 554, aged S2 years. The order of generations, and the names of contemporaries, having rendered it necessary to fix the birth of David twenty years later than is fixed by Usher, and his hfo may bo protracted to any period short of 566, to which year the death of Maelgwm Uwynedd is assigned. He was Canonized by Pope Calixtus, about the year 1120, and ji^'^J^onioration is held on the first day of March.— Professor Rees^s Welsh Saints, pp. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 403 King Ceredig reigned a series of years, and from him Ceredigion received its name-' ; and he had a son, and the name of that son was Sant, or Sandde ; to vphom an angel appeared while he was sleeping, and said to him, "To- morrow thou M'ilt go a hunting, and wilt get three things near the river Teivy, namely a Stag, a Salmon, and a Swarm of bees in a tree above the river, at a place now called Henllan^ which will belong to one who is not yet born, and he will own the two places, namely Linhenllan and Liconiuancan, until the day of judgment. Then Patrick came to the valley of Rosina, called Glyn Rosyn, and intended to pass his life there, but an angel came to him and said, " Thou must leave," said he, " this place to one Avho is not yet born." And he became angry, and said, " Why has the Lord treated his servant with con- tempt, who has been serving him with fear and love, and hath chosen before him one, who is not yet born, and will not be born for thirty years." And Patrick prepared in him- self to leave that place in the Lord Christ ; and the Lord loved Patrick much, and sent his angel to pacify him. And the angel said to him, " Patrick, be joyful, the Lord has sent me to shew thee the island of Ireland, froin a sta- tion which is in Glyn Rosyn, (now called Eisteddva Padric, or Patrick's Station,) and thou wilt be an apostle in the island which thou shalt see, and thou wilt suffer much there for the love of God, but God will be with thee in whatever thou doest," And then the mind of Patrick was set at rest, and he left that place to David ; and a ship was prepared in the harbour for him ; and he rose from the dead one who had been buried there in the marsh for fifteen years, whose name was Cruchier. And Patrick went to Ireland accompanied by him, who afterwards became a bishop. And at the end of thirty years afterwards, as the king called Sandde was walking by himself, lo, a nun met him, 1 A district comprising the present county of Cardigan, with portions of the adjoining counties of Carmarthen and Pembroke. ''■ About three miles eastward from Newcastle Emiyn. 404 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. and he laid hold of her, and violated her person, who be- came pregnant. Her name was Nonn, and she had a son born to her, to whom M'as given the name of David. And she had not a husband either before or after, and she was chaste both in mind and deed. The first miracle which David performed after she be- came pregnant, was that she would not take any food be- sides bread and water, and David tasted no other food. The second miracle which David did, was, when his mo- ther went to church to hear Saint Gildas preaching. AVhen Gildas began to preach, he was not able to go on ; then he said, " Go out all of you from the church," said he, and he a second time attempted to preach, but could not ; and then he enquired whether there were any one in the church besides himself. "I am here" said the nun, " between the door and the partition," " Go thou," said the saint, "out of the church, and request all the parish to come in." And all of them came to the place, and then the saint preached clearly, and loud. Then the parish asked him, " Why couldst thou not preach to us a little while ago, and we were anxious to hear thee ?" " Call," said the saint, " the nun to come in, whom just now I sent from the church." " Here I am," said Nonn. Then said Gil- das, " The child that is in the womb of this nun, has more property and grace, and dignity than I have, for God has himself given to him the privilege, and supreme authority over all the saints of Wales for ever, both before the day of judgment, and afterwards. "And therefore," said he, "there is no way for me to remain here any longer on account of the child of that nun, to whom the Lord hath given supreme government over all the people of this island; and I must go," said he, "to some other island, and leave this to the child." Another miracle was performed by David at the hour of his birth. There came thunder and lightning, and a stone that was opposite Noun's head split into two parts, and one of the halves leaped over her head to her feet at her delivery. David performed another LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 405 miracle -when he was baptized ; a fountain sprung up from the ground, where there had not been a fountain be- fore ; and a blind person, who held David at his baptism, received his sight at the time ; and the blind person knew that the child, whom he held to be baptized, was fiiU of the grace of God, and he took the baptismal water, and wash- ed his face therewith. And from the hour of his birth, the blind man bad his face covered ; and when he received his sight, he caused every one, who belonged to him, to praise God, as they ought. The place where David was instructed, was called The Old Bush, which in Welsh is Yr Henllwyn. There he was taught the Psalms and the Lessons, and the public prayers ; and there his disciples saw a pigeon with a golden beak instructing him, and playing about him. From thence David came to a master who was called Paulinus,^ and had been a disciple to a bishop at Rome; and he taught David until he was a master. And it so happened that the mas- ter of David lost his eye-sight, through great pain in his eyes ; and he called to him all his disciples, that he might receive from them a remedy for his eyes, and no one was able to relieve him; and last of all he called David, and said to him, " David, look at my eyes, for they pain me." " Lord, Master," said he, " do not order me to look at thy eyes ; for the ten years since I came to thee to be instruc- ted, I have not yet looked in thy face." And the master considering and admiring his modesty, said to the young man, " Since it is so," said he to the youth, " put forth thy hand on my face, and bless my eyes, and I shall be quite well." And when David put his hands on his eyes, they were thoroughly restored. And then Paulinus bless- ed David with every blessing to be met with in the Old and the New Testament. Then an angel came to Paulinus, and said to him, as follows, "The time," said he, "is come for David to go 1 Paulinus, or Pawl Hen, appears to have a been a North Briton, and one of the foun- ders of the Monastery of Tj Gwyn ar Dâf, or Whiteland Abbey, Carmarthenshire. 406 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. from here to iierform those things which are appointed for him by God to acconipUsh. Then came David to Glaston- bury, and there he built a church ; and he came to a place where the water was full of poison, and he blessed it, and he caused it to become warai until the day of judgment ; and it was called the "Hot Baths." Then David came to Cowlan, and to Repicwn ;^ and fi-om thence to Collan, and Glasgwm,^ afterwards he built Leominster, on the banks of the Severn f and then cured Bebrawc*, king of Erging, who was blind ; then he built a church in Gwent, at a place called Raglan, and afterwards built one at a place which is called Llangyvelach, in Gower. There were two saints in Kidwelly, who were named Bonducat and Nailtrim,^ who became disciples to David. From thence David returned to the place which is called the Old Bush, and there was a bishop, Avho was called Gweslan, and he Avas a brother in the faith to David ; and David said to him, " An angel of Lord has said to me, that scarcely one in a hundred of this place will enter into the kingdom of heaven ; and he shewed me another place, and from that no one would go to hell, if he had faith and belief in him; and of those who were buried in the churchyard of that place, none would go to hell." On a certain day, David and his disciples, namely Aedan, and Eliud,and Ismael,'' and many persons with them,came to the place which God had shewn to them, namely in Glyn Ro- syn, the name of which wasHodnant, and the firstplace under the sky where they lighted a tire was there; and when they lighted the fire there early in the morning, there arose smoke which surrounded all that island, and much of Ire- ' Query, -whether this place may not be Kilpedec, or Kilpeck, in Herefordshire. ' Colva and Glasgwm, in Radnorshire, both of which churches are dedicated to Saint David. ' Mentioned by mistake, instead of the river Lugg. ♦ Called in the Latin Version of his Life, Pepiau, a Regulus of Ergyng, noticed in the Liber Landavensis, as grandfather of Saint Uubricius. • Called in the Latin Version Martuin. " Aldan, Teilo, and Ishmaol, the later of whom is Patron Saint of Llanishmael, Car- marthenshire; according to the Liber Landavensis, he was after the decease of Saint David appointed suffragan bishop of Saint David's under Saint Teilo, who had removed to Llandatr. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 407 land; and remained from an early hour in the morning until the time of evening service. And then the prince, who was called Boya, and the Scots saw the smoke, and from anger he remained in a high rock from morning until the time of evening service, without meat and drink. And his wife came to him there, and asked him, "Why he would have neither meat nor drink." "Truly," said he, "I am sorrowful and angry respecting the smoke which I saw this day rising in Hodnant, and surrounding many cities; the man," said he, "who has lighted that fire will possess, and travel the way the smoke has gone." His wife said to him, "Thou art foolish, arise," said she, "and take thy men with thee, and slay whomsoever has lighted that fire on thy land without thy consent." And then came Boya, and his esquires with him, with the intention of killing David and his disciples ; and when they came to the part of the country where David was, they were seized with a trembling, and were unable to do any injury either to David or his disciples, except to mock them, and utter con- temptuous words, and return home. And as they so acted the wife of Boya met them, and said to them, " Our herds- man has informed me that all our stock is dead, namely the cows and oxen, and horses, and sheep, and they are all dead, with their eyes open, and are wailing, howling, and groan- ing; and Boya, and his wife, and family, said, "The saint whom we have been mocking, hath done this," and they were advised to pray to the saint, and request him to grant what he and his family wished to have. And then Boya gave Hodnant to David for ever. And Boya and his family returned homeward, and when they arrived at home, they found their cattle alive and well. And then the wife of Boya said to her female servants, " Go," said she, " to the river which is near the saint, and take off your clothes,L^ and when naked, say to them indecent and immodest words." All the discijiles of David could scarcely bear such immodesty, and they said to him, " Let us go away from here," said they, "we cannot endure this, nor look on those 408 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. ■ naughty women." Then the saint said, "Would not it be best for us to order them to leave the place to us." And then David and his disciples remained there that night, un- til the next day. On the following day, the wife of Boya said to her stepdaughter, " Arise, girl," said she, " and we Avill go to Twyn Alun, to get nuts." The girl said to her stepmother, " I am ready to go." And they walked, and went to the bottom of the glen; and when they came there the stepmother said to her stepdaughter, " Put thy head on my lap that I may behead thee," said she. And the chaste maiden placed her head on the lap of her stepmother, who drew her knife, and cut off the head of the holy girl ; and opposite the place where the blood fell to the ground, a fountain sprung up, and many persons received health and were cured there; and to this day that fountain is called Dunawd's Fountain, for Dunawd was the name of the maiden. Then the wicked stepmother went away, and no one in the world knew what kind of death took her off. And Boya began to follow his evil custom, but David and his disciples rejoiced. Then Boya intended to kill David and his disciples ; but very soon, and it happened on the fol- lowing morning, an enemy of Boya came to the tower where he was sleeping, and finding the gates open, he cut off Boya's head in his bed. And immediately fire came from heaven, and burnt all the buildings to the floor. Be it known to all that the Lord God slew Boya the Governor, and his wife on account of David. And David was building in Glyn Hodnant, and there was not any water there, besides a little running water; and then David prayed to the Lord, and immediately there arose a clear fountain, and whilst David was in Glyn Hod- nant that fountain was full of wine, so that while he lived ho Avas never in want of good wine ; this was a worthy gift from God to a man of his worth. Afterwards bishop Gwcs- lan brother in the faith to David, and a disciple to David who was called Eliud, both fasted, and prayed to God for pure water, for there was no water in the citv, on account LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 409 of the drought of the season. And they obtained trom God two fountains, which are called to this day Gweslan's Foun- tain, and Eliud's Fountain. And cripples, and blind, and diseased persons have received cures from those two foun- tains. And in the midst of those things, Aedan was praying in his own church in the city of Gwerwin, namely on the eve of Easter itself; and he saw an angel of the Lord coming to him who said, " Dost thou, good and blessed man, know," said he, " what is preparing for Saint David, thy master, in Glyn Rosyn?" " I know not indeed," said Aedan. Then said the angel, " It is certain that three of the family of the monastery are acting treacherously, that is, to put poison in bread, and to give that bread to him to-morrow to eat; therefore send a messenger to thy master, and advise him to take care of the bread that has poison in it. Then the Saint became sorrowful, and wept. " Lord," said he, "how shall I be able to send a messenger there, the time is so short, and thei-e is no ship ready to be had." " Send thou," said the angel, " thy fellow disciple, namely Scuthyn, to the sea-side, and I will enable him to pass over." Then Scu- thyn did cheerfully what he was ordered to do, and he went to the sea-side, and walked in the water until it was as high as his knees, and suddenly a monster came from the sea, and took him on his back, and going with him -over, landed him the other side; and at mid-day, on Easter day, he was with his master. And as David was coming from church, after saying mass, and preaching to all the brethren, lo, he saw the messenger, who met him at a place called Bed Yscolan. Then David greeted him cheerfully, and shook hands with him, and asked him how Saint Aedan his disciple was. And after the messenger had told him every thing relat- ing to the state of his disciple Aedan, he called David aside, and mentioned to him his message, and what, and how the angel had spoken to Saint Aedan. Then David became silent, and considerate, and returned great thanks to God. 410 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. He tlieu came to the monastery, and when they had all sat down in the manner they ought, and grace being said, the deacon arose to serve David with the j^oisoned bread. Then Scuthyn arose, and said, " Thou shalt not serve," said he, " to-day ; I will," said Scuthyn, "be the servant on this day." Then he went, and having sat down, was beheld with sur- prise. Then David took the poisoned bread, and divided it into three parts; and he gave one of them to a bitch that was standing out side the door ; and when the bitch tasted the bread, she died, and all her hair fell off so soon as it could be seen, and the skin that was about her broke, and all her entrails fell to the ground. And when all the brethren saw it, they were greatly astonished. And David sent the second part of the bread to a crow that was lying- in its nest on an ash tree of the monastery, over the river which Mas towards the south ; and when the crow took the bread into its beak, it fell dead from the tree to the ground. The third part of the poisoned bread, David him- self took, and he blessed it, and eat it; and he caused all the brethren to look upon him, and they greatly wondered, and were in great fear for David. And then David related the matter to all the brethren; namely that the deceiver had attempted to poison him; and all the brethren uttered a curse on those men; and therewith the heavenly Father appointed that they should not receive an eternal share of the kingdom of heaven. And after confirming the faith and belief in this island, all the spiritual labourers of the island came together to the door of the synod at Brevi ; and the bishops, and the doctors, and the clergy, and the kings, and the princes, and the earls, and the barons, and the nobles, and the esquires, and the pleaders, and the multitude, that could not be numbered, were assembled together at the synod of Brevi; and an agreement was made at that meeting, that whoso- ever of the saints should preach at the synod, so that the great nudtitude in general should bear, should be sovereign over the saints of the isle of Britain. Then the saints be- LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 411 gan to preach, every one in his turn; and some one spoke for the company in general, " The hundredth part of this congregation," said he, "cannot hear any part of your preaching, you labour altogether in vain." Then all the saints said to one another, " There is no one of us, who can preach to so many ; and we have all of us tried in our turn, and we have seen that no one of us has ability to preach to this multitude, look, and consider, and enquire whether there is any one who is so worthy, and is able to preach to the large number here assembled." Then Saint Paulinus, who was an old holy bishop, an- swered, " I know," said he, " a comely and virtuous young man, who is always accompanied by an angel, and I also know that he is eloquent, and chaste, and that he loves God much, and that God loves him, and that he is a per- former of all good works ; and I myself know that he has the most of the grace of God of any one in this island, and he is called Saint David. First of all, he obtained in the begin- ning the instructioii which he ought to have, and after- wards he was instructed by me in the Holy Scriptures, and he became a Doctor, and at home he was ordained an arch- bishop ; and I saw," said he, " an angel coming to him, and calling on him, and directing him to go, and dwell in the country, which God had appointed for him, namely the kingdom of Dyfed, that is Mynyvv, in the South. Go and call that person, who greatly loves God, and preaching in Christ, for I know that God has given his grace to him." And then the met saints sent messengers to the city of Rubi, where Saint David, the servant of God, prayed and taught. And when he heard the errand of the messengers, this was the answer he gave to them, namely, " I shall not go there," said he, " for I choose rather to pray to God here, but go you," said he, " in the peace and the love of God." And a second time the saints invited Saint David, and he returned the same answer as he had done before. And the third time, all the saints by agreement sent to David, as messengers, the two principal saints who were 412 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. there, namely, Deiniol and Dubricius; and on the night before they went to David, he said to his disciples, " ^ly sons, know ye that two messengers will come here to-mor- row, go to the sea to catch fish, and bring here clear water from the fountain." And the messengers came on the day he had told them; and he and his disciples prepared for the saints their dinner, and placed before them a sufficiency of fish, and water from the fountain, which became M'ine to them. And David said to them, " Eat, my brethren, and be cheerful." And then the two saints said to him, " We will take neither meat, nor drink," said they, " unless thou wilt come with us, to the wonderful large synod, where there is a multitude, that cannot be numbered, waiting for thee; therefore," said they, " hasten thou to go with us, for the sake of God, and for the blessing of the saints, unless thou dost desire to deserve their curse." "Then," said David, " I will go for the love of God, to those there as- sembled; but," said he, "what you desire of me, I cannot perform, I will however go with you to the synod, and do you pray to the supreme Father to give his assistance to us miserable persons ; and I beseech you brethren to partake of the meat and drink which has been kindly and charitably given us from heaven." And afterwards David went with the messengers to the synod at Brevi; but before he came to the Meeting, lo, they saw coming to meet them a woman, whose only son had died, and she was crying, and wailing ; and when David saw the woman in such a state, he stopped, and requested the messengers to go before him. And the miserable woman having heai'd of the fame of David, dropped upon her knees, and mentioned to him that her only son was dead ; and David had compassion on her, and went with her to the place, where her son was lying dead on the banks of the river called Teivy. And when he came to the house A\hcrc was the body of the young man, he prayed to the Lord saying, " O Lord God, who hast descended to this world from the bosom of the Father, on account of us mi- LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 431 serable sinners, and to redeem us from the mouth of the old enemy, have mercy, Lord on this widowed woman, and give her, her only son ahve, with his soul again, tliat thy name may be magnified in all the earth." And when David had finished his prayer, the young man arose in perfect health, as if he had risen from sleep ; and David laid hold of his right hand as he arose, and delivered him quite well to his mother. And the young man who had risen from the dead, followed David from the place in mind and deed, and was many years with him, serving God. Then David went from thence, with the messengers of the saints, to the place where they were waiting for him ; and when he came there, all the saints arose to meet him ; and when they saw him, they greeted him, and fell on their knees, and requested him to jn-each, and they would take him to the top of a high hill, where he had before preached. And he excused himself for some time to them, saying that he dared not, and that he could not do what they re- quested. But he received a blessing from them in general, and complied with them, yet he refused to go to the top of the hill, and said that he would have no place to stand on but the flat ground. And David began to preach from thence out of the law of Christ, and the gospel, clearly as the sound of a trumpet, and plainly to every man, so as to be heard in general by the most distant as well as by the nearest, as the sun is seen by every body when it is mid- day; and it caused wonder to all. And as David was preaching on the surface of the flat ground before men- tioned, the ground arose as a high mount under his feet, and all the people of that assembly beheld it ; and which is yet a high hill visible to every body, and it is flat every where about it ; and that miracle, and marvellous act was done by God to David at Llanddewibrefi. And then they agreed among themselves to praise David, and to acknowledge unanimously that he was a prince over the saints of Britain, saying as follows, " As God has set a governor in the sea over all kinds of fishes, and as God 3g 414 LIFE OF SAINT DAVIU. has given a governor on the earth over the birds, so he has given David to be a governor over men in this world : and in the same manner as God gave Mattheus in Judea, and Luke in Alexandria, and Christ in Jerusalem, and Peter in Rome, and Martyn in France, and Sampson in Brittany, he has given Saint David to be in the island of Britain. And therefore Saint David was made a sovereign, and prince of the saints of the island of Britain, on account of his preaching at the great synod to all the people, in which no one was able to preach besides himself. And on that day all the saints of this island, and all the kings fell on their knees to do homage to David, and they granted to him to be the sovereign of the saints of the island of Britain, and he deserved it. And on that day David granted privi- leges, and protection to all such persons as had committed a crime, and went to the sanctuary of David. This is the privilege of David to every one, who is in the city of Rubi in the sanctuary of David, and under protection from the world ; he has permission to go from Towy to Teivy, safe from the world, and what is still more, he may go secure from every saint, king, and prince of this island. The pri- vilege of David is wherever the land is consecrated to Saint David ; and no authority is granted to any king, or prince, or bishop, or saint to have protection before David, because he had the privilege before everybody, and no one has had it before him, because he was appointed by God and men to be sovereign over the whole island ; and then was ex- communicated from the saints, and from the society of kings, whosoever should break the privilege of Saint David. And afterwards, as David was, on the last Tuesday in February, hearing his disciples serving God, lo, he heard an angel speaking to him, and saying as follows, " David," said he, "that which thou hast requested some time back of the Lord God, is ready for thee whenever thou wilt have it." And he raising his face upwards rejoiced, and said as follows, " Now, O Lord, take thy servant to thy peace." LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 415 And the disciples heard what both said, and were greatly astonished, and fell as dead men, and in their distress they heard a pleasing voice, and the sweetest perfiimes filled the city. And David spoke a second time aloud, " Lord Jesus Christ," said he, "take my soul, and cause that T should not live any longer amidst those evils." And after this they heard the angel speaking a second time to David, " Saint David, prepare for the first day of March, as thy Lord Jesus Christ will come with nine orders of angels from heaven with him, and the most beautiful on earth, to meet thee; and he will call to come with thee, such as thou mayest desire of the clergy and laity, of the righteous and the wicked, of the young and the old, of virgins and harlots, of Jews and Saracens, and leave them with thee." And the brethren, all of them together, when they heard it, with weeping, lamenting, wailing, and sighing, raised their voice and said, " Lord Saint David," said they, "who will aid us in our sorrow?" And David said to them to comfort and cheer them, " My brethren, be always in the same mind, and whatsoever ye have seen and heard from me, keep it, and leave off what you are doing." From that day until the eighth, David did not go out of the church to preach and pray ; there is a report that he went one day with the angel throughout this island, and Ireland. As the angel had said, "Know ye that in the next week, which is coming, your master Saint David will go from this world to the Lord," there were seen going together the saints of this island, and those of Ireland from all parts to visit Saint David. O, who could endure the lamentation of the saints, and the wailing of hermits ; and the instructors with their disciples, saying, " Who will teach us?" the complaint of the clergy saying, " Who will assist us?" the despair of kings, saying, " Who will ordain us? Who will be a father to us as merciful as was David? Who will pray for us to the Lord ?" The poor com- plaining, and the diseased lamenting, and the monks, and the youths, and the married, and the performers of penance. 416 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. the young men and maidens, and the sons and daughters, and the newly born on the breast, shedding tears. What shall I say, but that there was the same lamentation by eA'ery body, kings lamenting for their brother, the aged lamenting for their son, and the sons lamenting for their father. On Sunday, David sang mass, and preached to the peojile; and the like to him they never heard before, and after him they never will hear. No one ever saw so many in one place as were there. And when the sermon and mass were concluded David pronounced his blessing on all in general who were there. And after he had given his blessing to all, he spoke as follows, " Lords, brethren, and sisters, be joyful, and keep your faith and belief, and per- form the small things which you have heard and seen with me, and I will go the road which our fathers have tra- velled. Be courageous whilst you are on the earth, for you will not any more see me in this world." Then you might see the multitude in general rising with lamentation, and wailing and weeping, and saying, " Alas ! the earth will not swallow us ! Alas! fire will not come to consume us ; Alas ! the sea will not come over the land : Alas ! the mountains will not fall to cover us:" And all who were there, were going to die. From the Sunday to the Wednesday after the death of David, they tasted neither meat nor drink, but prayed^hrough soitow. And on Tuesday night, about the time^of cock-crowing, lo, a host of angels filled the city, it was full of all kinds of songs and mirth ; and in the morn- ing,' lo, the Lord Jesus>ame, and with him nine orders of angels, "as he bad left his majesty, and the sun was shining on all the hosts. And on that Tuesday, the first day of March, Jesus Christ took the soul of Saint David, with great victory, and joy, and honour ; after hunger and thirst, and cold and labour, and fasting and granting charitable relief, and affliction and trouble, and temptations, and anxiety for the world. The angels took his soul to the jilace where there is light with- out end, and rest without labour, and joy without sorrow. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID. 417 and plenty of all good things, and victory, and brightness, and beauty. The place where there is praise to the cham- pions of Christ, and where wealthy wicked persons are neg- lected, the place where there is health without pain, and youth without old age, and peace without disagreement, and music without affliction, and rewards without end ; the place where Abel is with the martyrs ; where Enoch is with the living ; where Noah is with the sailors ; where Abra- ham is with the patriarchs ; where Melchisedec is with the priests ; where Job is with the patient ; where Moses is with the princes ; where Aaron is with the bishops ; where David is with the kings ; where Isaiah is with the pro- phets ; where Mary is with the virgins ; where Peter is with the Apostles ; where Paul is with the Greeks ; where Thomas is with the Indians ; where John is with the men of Asia ; where Matthew is with the men of Judea ; where Luke is with the men of Achaia ; where Mark is with the men of Alexandria; where Andrew is with the men of Scythia ; where the angels and archangels, and the cheru- bim, and seraphim, and the King of kings are for ever and ever. Amen. And as we have commemorated David in his life and works here on earth, so may he be our assistant, and effectually strengthen us before our true Creator, to obtain mercy hereafter. Amen. YL Té á Iràiît Daniìi, iÇ HERE BEGINS THE LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, WHO IS ALSO CALLED DEWI, BISHOP AND CONFESSOR, WHO DIED ON THE CALENDS OF MARCH IN THE YEAR BY RICEMARCH. '^ Itl^OUgl) our Lord loved and foreknew all his people -^^ before the creation of the world, yet he foretold some by many clear revelations; thus the holy man, who in baptism was named David, but by the common people was called Dewi, was foretold not only by the true predictions of angels, to his father first, and then to Saint Patrick, thirty years be- fore he was born, but it was intimated that he should be enriched with mysterious gifts. For on a certain time, his father by his merits and name called Sandde, having en- joyed the kingly government of the Ceredig nation, and laid it aside to acquire a heavenly kingdom, was admonished by the voice of an angel in his sleep, which he heard, saying, " Having awaked, thou wilt to-moiTow go a hunting, and having killed a stag near the river, thou wilt there find three gifts near to the river Teivy, namely the stag which thou didst pur- sue, a fish, and a swarm of bees in a tree at a place called Linhenlan ; of these three things, thou shalt reserve the honey-comb, and transmit a part of the fish and stag to the " From the Cott. JISS. British Museum, Vespasian, A. XIV. collated with Nero, E. I. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 419 monastery of JMaucannus, to be kept for the son who is to be born to thee, which to the present time is called The Monastery of the Deposit ; which gifts foretel his life ; for the honey-comb proclaims his wisdom, for as the honey is in the wax, so he will hold a spiritual sense in an histori- ical instrument. And the fish denotes his abstemious life, for as a fish lives in water, so he will refuse wine, and strong drink, and every thing that intoxicates, and will lead a life devoted to God on bread aiid water only ; there- fore David will be surnamed as of Aquatic Life. The stag signifies power over the ancient Serpent ; for as a stao- deprived of his pasture by serpents, and desiring a fountain of water, having received strength, is renewed as in youth ; so he placed on high, as with the legs of stags, will deprive the ancient Serpent of mankind of his power of hurting against himself, and obtain the fountain of life by his con- stant shedding of tears ; and daily renewed by the frugality of moderate food, will in the name of the Holy Trinity ob- tain a salutary knowledge, and begin to have power to go- vern demons." Then Patrick having been instructed in Roman learning, with many accompanying virtues, was made a superior priest, and wished to go to the nation from whence he had become an exile,^ in which refitting by indefatigable labour the candle of profitable employment by a double portion of the oil of charity, and desirous to place it, not under a bushel, but on a candlestick, he might by glorifying the Father of all improve all persons. He went to the region of Ceredigion, where having remained a short time, he pro- ceeded to the district of Dyved, which having examined he at length came to a place called Glyn Rosyn. And finding the place pleasant, he made a vow that he would serve God there; but while in meditating, he revolved this in his mind, an angel of the Lord appeared to him, " God," said ^ This in some measure confirms the accounts of Saint Patrick's Welsh origin, by mentioning his being an exile from AVales. 420 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. he, " has not appointed this place for thee, but for a child who is not yet born, nor will be bora until thirty years are past." And Saint Patrick hearing this, was surprised, and sorrowful ; and being angry said, " Why has the Lord de- spised his servant, Avho from his infancy has been serving him in fear and love, and has chosen another, who has not seen the light, and not to be born for thirty years?" And he prepared to flee, and forsake his Lord Jesus Christ, saying, " Since my labour in sight of the Lord is considered in vain, and one who is not yet born is preferred before me, I will go away, and not submit to such usage." But the Lord greatly loved Patrick, and sent to him his angel to appease him with friendly expressions ; to whom he said, " Patrick, rejoice, for the Lord has sent me to thee, to show thee all the island of Ireland from the seat that is in Gl3'n Rosyn, which at present is called Patrick's Seat ;" and the angel further said, "Exult, Patrick, for thou wilt be the apostle of all the island which thou seest, and thou wilt suffer therein many things in the name of the Lord thy God, but the Lord will be with thee in all things which thou doest ; for it has not yet received the word of Cod ; there thou oughtest to be serviceable, there the Lord will prepare to thee a seat, and there thou wilt shine in signs, and miracles, and thou wilt render the whole island subject to God. May this be a sign to thee. I will show thee the whole island, the mountains will bow down, the sea mìU be humbled, the eye raised at the place, and looking over all, will behold what is promised." These words being said, he raised his eyes from the place where he stood, which at present is called Pa- trick's Seat, and saw the whole island. Then the mind of Patrick being pacified, he willingly gave up the holy place to Saint David ; and while preparing a ship in the great harbour, he raised from the dead a person of the name of Cruchier, who had been buried near the shore for twelve years. And Patrick sailed to Ireland, having with him the person Avhom he had raised from the dead, who afterwards was made a bishop. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 421 The aforesaid thirty years having expired, the divine power sent Sandde the king of Ceredigion to the common people of the nation of Dyved, and he there met with a nun, a holy virgin named Non, who was very fair and hand- some ; whom lusting after, he violated her person, and she conceived a son, holy David ; and neither before, nor after- wards had she knowledge of man, but continuing in chastity of mind and body, led a most faithful life. For ft-om the time of her conception, she lived on bread and water only, and in the place where she was violated, and had conceived, was a moderate sized field, pleasing to the sight, and well supplied with dew ; in which field, at the time of her con- ception two great stones appeared, one at her head, and the other at her feet, which had not been seen before ; for the earth rejoicing at her conception opened its mouth, that it might preserve the modesty of the damsel, and foretel the importance of her offspring. The mother as her womb was increasing, went according to the usual custom of offering alms and oblations for her delivery in childbirth, to a certain church to hear the preaching of the gospel, where preached Saint Gildas the son of Caw, in the time of king Tryshun and his sons. When the mother entered, Gildas became suddenly dumb, and was as if his throat had been closed. And being asked by the people, why his preaching was interrupted, and he was si- lent, he answered, " I am able to speak to you in common discourse, but I cannot preach, but go you out so that I may remain alone, and may know if I can then preach." The common people having therefore gone out, the mother remained, hid in a corner, not because she would not obey the order, but thirsting with a great desire of hearing the precepts of life, she remained to show the privilege of so noble an offspring. Then he attempted a second time with all his might, but being restrained by heaven, he was una- ble ; being therefore affi'ighted, he called with a loud voice, " I adjure thee," said he, " if any one lies hid, that thou shew thyself openly." Then she answering said, " I am 422 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. here," said she, " hid between the wall and the partition." And he trusting to divine Providence, said, " Go thou out of doors, and let the people return to the church." And every one came to his seat, where he had been before, and Gildas preached clearly as with a trumpet ; and the com- mon people asked Gildas, and said, "Why couldst thou not preach to us the gospel of Christ the first time, and we were desirous to hear?" And Gildas answered and said, " Call that nun here who is gone out of the church." And the mother being asked, she confessed that she was preg- nant ; and the holy nun said, "Here I am;" and he said, " The son that is in the womb of that nun has greater grace, and power, and order than I have, because God has given to him the privilege, and monarchy, and government of all the saints of Britain for ever, before and after judg- ment. Farewell brothers and sisters, I cannot dwell here any longer, on account of the son of this nun ; because to him is delivered the monarchy over all the men of this island ; it is necessary for me to go to some other island, and leave all Britain to this child. One thing is clearly manifest to all, that she will bring forth to the world one who in the privilege of honour, brightness of wisdom, and eloquence of discourse, will excel all the doctors of Britain. In the mean time there was a certain man in the district, accounted a tyrant, who from the prophecy of the magicians had heard that a child was about to be born in his borders, whose power should seize the whole country ; and being solely intent on earthly things, and placing his chief good in them, he was tormented with malice and envy. There- fore the place was marked from the oracles of the magicians, wherein the child should afterwards be born. " I alone," said he, " will sit in that place for so many days, and whomso- ever I shall find resting there any space of time, shall fall, being killed with my sword." The appointed nine months having passed, whereby the time for child birth was at hand, the mother on a certain day, went out on the way to where was the place for child-bearing, which the tyrant LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 423 from the foretelling of the magicians had kept. The time for bringing forth being pressing, the mother sought the pre- dicted place ; but on that very day, there was so great a tempest in the sky that no one could go out of doors, there were great flashes of lightning and dreadful peals of thun- der ; and great storms of hail and rain caused a flood. But the place where the mother brought forth had as much light, as if the sun was present, and God had taken away the dew from the clouds. The mother when bringing forth had a certain stone near her, against which, when in pain, she pressed her hands ; whereby the mark as an impression on wax was to be seen by those who looked thereon, which, dividing in the middle, condoled with the sorrowing mother; one part thereof leaped above the head of the nun as far as her feet, when she was bringing forth ; in which place is a church built, in the foundation of whose altar, this stone lies covered. Afterwards when he was baptized by Beluc, bishop of the Meuevensians, a very clear fountain springing up suddenly appeared in the place, for performing the ofiice of baptism, which was never seen before, and it cured the eyes of a blind monk, who held him while he was baptized. For that blind holy man, who is said to have been born, and from his mother's womb without a nostril, and without eyes, un- derstanding that the infant whom he held was full of the grace of the Holy Spirit, took the water, in which the body of the holy infant had been immersed, and sprinkled his face therewith three times, and sooner than spoken he gladly received the sight of his eyes, and the complete per- fection of his face, and on that day, all who were present glorified the Lord and holy David. And the place where David was instructed was called The Old Bush, and he grew up full of grace, and lovely to be looked at. And he learned there the rudiments, the psalms, the lessons of the whole year, and the services of the mass, and eucharist; and there his fellow disciples saw a pigeon with a golden beak playing about his lips, and teaching him, and singing 424 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. the hymns of God ; and at a subsequent time, when the merits of his virtues had increased, and he had purely pre- served himself from the embraces of a wife, he was raised to the sacerdotal dignity. From thence he went to the scribe Paulinus, a disciple of Saint Germanus, a bishop, and in a certain island led a life agreeable to God, who taught him in three parts of reading, until he was a scribe. And Saint David remained there many years in reading, and practising what he read. And it happened that whilst holy David was with his mas- ter Paulinus, that he lost the sight of his eyes through their very great pain ; and he called all his disciples in order, that they might inspect and bless his eyes ; and they did as he had ordered them, but from neither of them did he re- ceive any benefit. At last he invited holy David to him, and said, " Holy David, look at my eyes, for they jiain me very much." Holy David answered and said, "My father, do not order me to look at thy countenance, for there are ten years, during which I have given up myself to instruction in the Scriptures with thee, and I have not yet looked on thy face." And Paulinus admiring his very great modesty, said, " Since it is so, it will be sufficient if touching thou wilt bless my eyes, for I shall be then cured." And immediately as he touched them, they were cured in the twinkling of an eye ; and the blindness of his eyes being removed, the master received the light that had been taken away. Then thanks were paid to God, and Paulinus blessed holy David with all the blessings that are written in the Old and in the New Testament. Before a long time after, an angel appeared to Paulinus ; it was at a time, in which as holy David having doubled his talents by merchandize, he did not intrust the talent of wisdom committed to him to the earth, digging with the sluggish slothfulness of idleness, but that he might increase tlie money received from his master with better gain, and enlarge the companies of souls constituting the joy of the Lord, to assemble in the heavenly regions of eternal blessed- LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 425 ness. For in proportion as the seed wheat is inserted in the ground by the force of exhortation, the fruit of a good crop is obtained, some persons getting an hundred, some sixty, and some thirty fold. In an ox and an ass of a farm yoked together there is no value, as they do not plough equally, so he gave to some the substantial bread of life, to others the milk of exhortation, some he confined •within the bounds of a monastic cloister, and others who led a wider life he admonished with divers kinds of instruction, weaning them from the deceitful desires of secular plea- sures ; and so he was all things to all men. For he foun- ded twelve monasteries to the praise of God ; coming first to Glastonbury, he erected there a church ; then he came to Bath, and there by blessing a deadly water, he rendered it salutary for the washing of bodies, and communicated to it perpetual heat ; then he came to Croulan, and Repetun, and afterwards to Colquan, and Glascum, and had with him a doubtful altar. Then he founded the monastery of Leominster, afterwards he built a church in the region of Gwent, at a place called Raglan ; and founded a monastery in the district of Gower, at a place called Llangevelach, in which he afterwards placed the altar sent by Pejnau, with which he had cured the blind king of Erging, by res- toring sight to his eyes. Also Boducat and Martin, two saints in the province of Kidwelly, gave him their hands. Those places having been founded according to custom, and utensils of canonical order placed in them, and a rule for the monastic habit having been ordained, he went to the place from whence he had before departed, and returned to the Old Bush. And bishop Guistlianus,^ who was his cousin, then resided there, and when they comforted each other with discoursing on divine subjects, Saint David said, " An angel of the Lord spoke to me saying, 'From the place where you propose to serve, scarcely one in a hundred will go to the kingdom of God,' and he shewed me a place from 1 In the Welsh version Giiieslan, he ia also by other authorities called Gistlianus ; he «as the son of Gynyr Caergawch, and therefore maternal uncle to St. David. 426 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. ■which, but a few would go to hell ; for every one who should be buried in the cemetery in sound faith would obtain mercy." On a certain day, David, and three of his most faithful disciples, namely Aidan, Eliud, and Ishmael, and a large accompanying multitude of disciples assembled together, and went by unanimous choice to the place that had been before mentioned to him, that is Glyn Rosyn, which the Britons commonly call Hodnant : in which when fire was first alighted in the name of the Lord, the smoke arising high, and going about, appeared as if it filled the whole island and also Ireland. And a certain governor lived in the neighbourhood, who was a magician, and named Boya, a Scotsman, the brightness of whose sun shone in the world, and who resided within the walls of his castle, on seeing this sign, he became stupified, and trembled, and so far excited by anger that he forgot his dinner, and passed the whole of the day in sorrow. To whom his wife coming, asked him, " Why had he, contrary to custom, for- gotten his dinner, what is so sorrowful and stupid," said she, "do you alone grieve?" To which he said, "With grief I have seen the smoke rising in Glyn Ros}ni, which went about the whole country, for I am certain that the lighter of the fire will exceed all in power and glory, in whatsoever part the smoke will this day surround, to the end of the world, for I in a manner foretel that the smoke predicts his fame." To whom, his vnie, overcome with fury, said, " Arise and take thy force of servants, and pursue the man and his attendants, M'ho dared to commit such a crime as to light fire on thy lands, without thy consent, and with drawn swords slay them all." And Boya and his atten- dants went to slay David and his disciples, but as they pro- ceeded on their way, a fever seized them and they could not kill David or his young men ; but blasphemed the Lord and holy David, and uttered bad language. Nor was a wish to injure wanting, although the power of acting pro- hibited by the eternal deity rendered it of no effect. Then LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 427 returning, he found the wife coming to meet him, who said, " Our cattle, and horses, and sheep, and all our animals are dead." And Boya and his wife and family greatly lament- ed, and they all alike wailed, and said, "That holy man and his disciples, whom we have blasphemed, have killed our cattle, therefore let us return, and asking pardon with ben- ded knees beseech the servant of God that he would freely have pity on us and our cattle." Therefore returning, they approached the servant of God with tears and prayers, re- questing his mercy, and said, "The land on which thou art, shall be thine for ever." And Boya, on that day, gave to holy David the whole of Glyn Rosyn, for a perpetual pos- session. And David, the servant of God, answering, said with a friendly mind, " Your cattle will be restored to hfe." And Boya returning home found his cattle ahve and well." On another day, his wife being excited with the affec- tion of envy, called her female servants, and said, " Go to the river, which is called Alun, and play in a state of nudity in the sight of the saints, and utter obscene language." The girls obey, they behave impudently and perform im- modest acts, they incite the minds of some of the saints to gi-atify lust, those of others they disturb ; and all his disci- ples not able to endure the intolerable injury, said to holy David, " Let us flee from this place, because we caimot any longer dwell here, on account of the molestation of these naughty women.^" And the holy father David, firm with the long suffering of patience, whose mind was neither dissolved by the softness of prosperity, nor fatigued and worn out by adversity, said, " Know ye, that the world hates you, but be it also known to you that the people of Israel accom- panied by the ark of the covenant, entered the land of pro- mise, and although they had passed by many dangers of bat- tles were not overcome, but they nearly destroyed the urgent and uncircumcised people, which contest is a manifest sign of 1 This circumstance is somewhat differently related in the Life of Saint Teilo, where it i stated, that the women whilst counterfeiting madness, became really mad, as a punish- aent for their immodest deportment. — Liber Landavensis, page 336. 428 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, 11. our victory. For whoever seeks to obtain the promise of the upward country, it is necessary that he should be attacked by adversity but not overcome ; and with Christ accom- panying him he will at length overcome the filthy stain of vices ; we ought therefore not to be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good ; because, if Christ is Avitli us, who can be against us; be therefore valiant in a war in which you may overcome, lest our enemy may rejoice at our de- feat. AVe ought to remain, and Boya to depart." With these sayings he strengthened the hearts of his disciples. And David and his disciples fasted that night until the morning. On that day, the wife of Boya said to her daughter-in- law, who was also a servant, " Let us go to the valley of Alun to procure its cucumbers, and we shall find nuts in them." And she humbly answered her mother-in-law, "Lo, I am now ready." They went therefore together to the lowest part of the valley ; and when they came there, the mother-in-law, sitting delicately, said to her daughter-in- law, Dunawd was her name, " Place thy head in my bosom and I will gently examine thy hair." And she, innocent girl, who from her infancy had lived piously, and chastely amongst most wicked women, placed her innocent head in the bosom of her mother-in-law. And the barbarous woman ((uickly took out a razor from its sheath, and cut off the head of the most happy virgin ; and her blood flowed to the ground, and a clear fountain arose in the place, which abundantly cured many diseases of mankind, which place the common people call the Martyi-dom of Dunawd, to this very day. And her mother-in-law fled from Boya, and no one whatever knew by what death she ended her life ; therefore the governor Boya wept bitterly, but David and his young men sang jiraise to the eternal God ; so Boya de- signed to kill David, but his enemy Paucant, son of Lisci, cut off his head in his castle ; for when its gate was open early in the morning, the enemy came unexpectedly fi'om a ship ; and soon after fire came from heaven, and LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 429 quickly consumed the whole building. No one doubts but that the Lord, on account of his servant David, struck Boya and his wife ; for it was just that slaughter should follow him ; who threatened the death of the man of God by slaughter, and that he who was unmerciful to the servants of God, should be punished without mercy. The malice of enemies being therefore got rid of by the assistance of God, the monastic class erected an eminent monastery in the place, which the angel had before men- tioned; and all things being completed, the holy father zealously decreed such rigour of monastic employment that every monk should perform daily labour with his hands, and pass his life in common ; for saith the Apostle, " He who doth not labour should not eat." For knowing that secure rest was an incentive, and the mother of vices, he subjected the shoulders of the monks to divine labours ; for those who in the rest of idleness submit their minds and temples to the uncertain spirit of accident, have incitements to lust with- out rest. Therefore with a view to their benefit, they la- bour wth their hands, and put the yoke to their shoulders, they fix stakes with unwearied arms in the earth, and in t heir holy hands carry hatchets and saws for cutting. They obtain all the necessaries of life for their congregation by means of their own labour, they refuse possessions, they reject the gifts of unjust men, they detest riches, they make no use of oxen for ploughing. Every one is rich to himself, and to the brethren, and every one is an ox to himself; when the work is completed, no murmuring is heard ; no discourse is had but what is necessary; and every one either prayed, or rightly performed his appointed work. And the rural work being performed, returning to the mon- astery, they pass the whole day either in reading, or writing, or praying ; and when evening comes, and the sound of the bell is heard, every one leaves his study ; and if the sound is heard by any one whilst writing a letter, he rises quick- ly when a part or half of such letter is written ; and so with silence, without idle discourse they go to the church. 430 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. Having completed the singing of psalms, they continue the service, Avith accordant intention of heart and voice, and kneeling until the appearance of the stars on the sky, close the finished day ; and the father alone, when all were gone out, uttered a separate prayer to God for the state of the church. At length they meet at the table, where every one taking supper, relieved his weary limbs with refresh- ment, but not to excess ; for too great a quantity although of bread produces luxury: but their they all take their supper according to the unequal state of their bodies or ages ; and they place nor dishes of various tastes, not the most dainty provisions, but bread and herbs seasoned with salt ; and they quench their thirst arising from eating, vith a moderate kind of drink. Then they procure for the sick, and those advanced in age, or who may be fatigued from a long- journey, more palatable food, but not to be given to every one in equal measure. The giving of thanks being perform- ed, they go to the church at the canonical ringing of the bell, and there remain three hours in watchings, prayers, and genuflections ; and while they pray in the church, no one dared to gape, or sneeze, or throw out his spittle. These things being done, they compose their members to sleep, but awaking at cock crowing, they give themselves up to prayer and genuflection, then remain all day without sleeji until night comes on, and so they serve during other nights. From the eve of the sabbath, until the light shines in the first horn-, after the break of day on the sabbath, they employ themselves in watchings, prayers, and genuflections, except one hour after morning service on the sabbath ; they make known their thoughts to the father, and obtain his leave with respect to what was asked. All things were in common, there was no claim of mine and thine. For Avhoover would say, my book, or anything else, he would be immediately subjected to hard penance. They were dressed in cheap clothing, principally made of skins ; being mnvcaried in obedience to the government of the father, too much perseverance in performing actions was prohibited LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 431 to all. And those who desired the conversation of the holy master were to request to enter the society of the brethren before the doors of the monastery for ten days before he was rejected, and also remain to be tried with reproachful language. And if he continued duly exercising his pati- ence to the tenth day, he was first accepted under the sen- ior who by chance presided, and being appointed, served him, and there labouring hard for a long time, and having his mind broken with vexatious circumstances, he was at last deemed worthy to enter the society of the brethren. Nothing was accounted superfluous, voluntary poverty was beloved ; for whosoever desired their conversation, the holy father would receive nothing of his substance, whicli re- nouncing he had given up to the world, except one penny, as I may say, for the use of the monastery ; but he was re- ceived as if he had escaped naked from a shipwreck ; nei- ther was he by extolling himself, to be exalted among the brethren ; or supported by his substance, not to undergo equal labour with the brethren ; nor wearing a religious ha- bit might he take by force what he had left to the monastery, and excite one of great patience to become angry. And the father shedding daily abundance of tears, and perfuming the mats with the sacrifice of prayer, and sweet with a double warmth of love, and fragrance, he consecra- ted the appointed oblation of our Lord's body with clean hands, and so after morning prayers went alone to hear an- gelic discourse. Also he sought cold water at some dis- tance, where by remaining long therein, and becoming fi-ozen, he might subdue the heat of the flesh. Then he passed the whole day unmoveable and unwearied in teaching, praying, kneeling, and taking care of the breth- ren, and of the orphans, and widows, and the needy, and the feeble, and infirm, and strangers, and in feeding the multitude. So he began, so he performed, and so he finish- ed. And the rest of his rigorous discipline, although pro- per to be imitated, the proposed shortness of this account prevents us from mentioning, but he imitated the Egyptian monks, and led a life like to them. 432 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. The fame of the sweet reputation of holy David having been heard, kings, princes, and lajTnen left their kingdoms, and came to his monastery ; therefore it happened that Constantine^ king of the Cornishmen left his kingdom, and submitted his neck untamed before his elevation, to the obedience of humility in a cell of this father. And there he remained a long time performing faithful ser\ice ; at length he built a monastery in a distant country ; but as we have said what is sufficient respecting his manner of living, we shall now return again to his miracles. On a certain day, the brethren having met together, complained to the Abbot, sapng, " This place has water in winter, but in summer the river scarcely flows as a small rivulet." Having heard this, the holy father went to the nearest place, where the angel spoke to him, and there praying diligently, and for a length of time, with uplifted eyes towards heaven, he requested the necessary water; and as he prayed, a fountain of most clear water flowed. And because the country was not fruitful in vines for ad- ministering the sacrament of the body and blood of the Lord, the water was turned into wine ; so that in his time he never wanted wine, a most worthy gift to such a person from our Lord God ; and we also know of other sweet waters having been given to his disciples in imitation of the father, for the benefit of mankind, and the procuring of health. Also on a certain day, a countryman, named Ferdi, with much entreaty, requested the office of love, saying, " Our land is void of water, and consequently our way to procure water is laborious because the river is far distant." The holy father had compassion on the necessity of his neigh- bours, and proceeded humbly believing that through the suppliant request of the petitioner, and his very humble compassion he might find water. Therefore he went out, and with the point of his stick opened a small portion of ' i'j-slcnnvn (iorru'ii, otherwise callcJ C'jstennjn Fendigaidj or Constantino the Blessed. LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 433 the surface of the ground, and a very clear fountain flofl-ed, which by constantly bubbling, produced the coldest water in liot seasons. At another time when his disciple Saint Aidan happened to be reading out of doors, to confirm the learning he had received, the governor of the monastery ordered him to go and take two oxen with him to bring wood from the valley, for the grove was situated at some distance. And the disciple Aidan obeyed, as soon as it was said, and not taking care to shut the book, went to the grove ; and having prepared the wood, and placed it on the animals, he returned homeward ; and the road in which he had to travel was so abruptly steep, that the oxen and car- riage fell into the sea ; but while they were falling he put the sign of the cross upon them ; and so being done, he re- ceived the oxen with the carriage safe and well from the waves ; and joyfully proceeded on the road ; but while he travelled, there arose such a storm of rain, that the ditches flowed with rivulets. Having finished his journey, and loosed the oxen from their labour, he went to the place where he had left the book, and he found it open, and not injured by the rain, as he had left it. And the brethren hearing these things, commended equally the grace of the father, and the humility of the disciple, for the grace of the father indicated that the book was preserved uninjured by the rain to an obedient disciple, and the humility of the disciple preserved the oxen safe to the father. And Saint Aidan having been fully instructed, and excelling in virtue, and become free from vices, went to Ireland ; and he there built a monastery, which in the Irish language is called Guernin, and he led a most holy life. And on the Paschal eve, when prayer was more earnestly made, an angel appeared to him, saying, " Knowest thou that to-morrow, poison will be placed by some of the brethren on the dinner for Saint David, that is, thy father." And Saint Aidan answering, said, " I do not know." To whom the angel said, " Send some one of thy servants to mention the same to the father." And Saint Aidan answering said, 434 LFIE OF SAINT DAVID, II. " There is no ship ready, and the wind is not favourable for sailing." To whom the angel said, " Let thy fellow disciple Scutinus go to the sea, and I will take him across." And the obedient disciple went to the sea shore, and into the sea to his knees, and a monster taking him brought him to the borders of the city ; the solemnities of the Paschal festivity having been performed, the holy father David went to the refectory to dine with the brethren. And he was met by his former disciple Scutinus, who told him all things that had been done respecting him, and what concerning him the angel had commanded ; they then went together to the refectory, and being glad, gave thanks to God. Grace having been said, the deacon who had been accustomed to Avait on the father ai'ose, and placed on the table the bread made AAÌth poison, with which the cook and the steward were acquaint- ed. And Scutinus, who had also another name, Scolanus, rising, said, " To day no one of the brethren shall wait upon the father, I will perform the office; and the deacon being conscious of what he had done, departed confused, and was stupified with fear. And holy David took that poisoned bread, and dividing it into three parts, he gave one of them to a little dog which stood just without the door, and im- mediately as it tasted the mouthful, it ended its life with a miserable death, for all its hair fell off in the twinkling of an eye, and its bowels burst out its skin being in all parts broken, and all the brethren beholding it, were astonished. And holy David sent the second part to a crow which was in its nest on an ash tree, that was between the refectory and the river, on the south side, and as soon as it touched it with its beak, it fell down dead from the tree. And the third \ii\rt David held in his hand, and blessed it, and eat it with giving of thanks ; and all the brethren looked upon him with wonder and amazement for about three hours; and he, no sign of deadly poison appearing, confidently ])re- served his life in safety. And holy David informed the bretlu-en of all the things, which the aforesaid three men had done. And all the brethren arose and lamented, and LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 435 cursed those deceitful persous, the steward, cook, and dea- con, and with one mouth condemned them and their suc- cessors, saying that they shoukl not inhabit a part of tlie kingdom of heaven for ever. Also, at another time, when he had a very great desire to visit the relics of the apostles. Saint Peter and Saint Paul, among others the most faithful abbot among the Irish, who was named Barri, travelled the holy road with unwearied steps; and having performed his salutary vow, he returned to the cloisters of the monastery, and visited the holy man Saint David, and there remained according to his wishes for a short space of time in divine conversation; and the want of wind for the ship which he had prepared for visiting his own country caused him to be retarded with longer delay. But fearing lest without the abbot, conten- tions, disputes, and quarrels, the bonds of love being dis- solved, should arise among the brethren, as bees, when the king is killed, overturn and destroy the honey combs which they had constructed with tenacious cement; and while considering the matter with a solicitous mind, he found a wonderful way. For on a certain day he asked for the horse, on Avhich the holy father David was accustomed to ride in performing his ecclesiastical duties, and being granted to him was accepted. Having received the benediction of the father, he went to the harbour, and into the sea, and con- fiding on the benediction of the father, and the support of the horse, he made use of the horse for a ship; for the swelling waves were prepared as a level field ; and when he had proceeded a good way, Saint Brendanus appeared to him on a marine animal, where he led a Avonderful life. And Saint Brendanus seeing a man riding on the sea, was astonished, and said, " The Lord is wonderful in his saints." And the man on horseback got near where he was, that they might salute each other. Having saluted, Brendanus en- quired who he was, and from whom he had come, and how he rode on the sea; to whom Ban-i after relating the cause of his journey said, "Because the sailing of a ship prepared 43G LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. for me by the brethren was suspended, the holy father David, that I might accomplish what was necessary, gave me the horse, on which he was accustomed to ride; and so pro- tected by his benediction, I have travelled in this way." To whom Brendanus said, " Go in peace, I will come and see him." And Barri with uninterrupted pace got to his country, and related to the brethren what had been done respecting him; and they kept the horse in a stall of the monastery until its death. And after its death, a picture of the horse was painted in memory of the miracle, and protected with gold is still to be had in the island of Ireland, which also shines with plenty of miracles. Also at another time, another of his disciples named Älodomnoc, with the brethren, made a road on the steep near the confines of the city, whereby easier access was made for travellers to convey necessaries. And he said to one of the workmen, " Why dost thou work so slothfully, and lazily ?" And he being excited to anger by the word of the speaker, lifted up the tool which he had in his hand, that is, an axe, and endeavoured to strike him on the head ; but Saint David seeing this afar off, made the sign of the cross, and lifted up his hand towards them ; and so the hand of the man who was striking became stiff. And nearly the third or fourth part of Ireland served David in the north, where was Maidoc, and Aidan from his infancy; to whom David gave a little bell, which was called Crucdin. But when he sailed to Ireland, he forgot his little bell, and sent Maidoc a messenger to holy David that he might send him the pleasing little bell. And Saint David said, " Go, boy, to thy master." And whilst the messenger returned, it was so done that the little bell was the next day near to the eminent Aidan ; the angel caiTying it across the sea before his messenger could come. And after the aforesaid Saint IModomnoc had during a long series of years been devoted to obedience and humi- lity, the merits of his virtues increasing, he went to the island of Ireland, and entering into a ship, a large swarm of LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 437 bees followed him, and settled with him in the prow of the ship where he sat. And the same swarm of bees served him in stations, and with other work of the fraternity in hives for feeding young swarms, assisted him, whereby he could procure articles of sweeter food for those who wanted it. And he not desiring to enjoy their company by fraud, again visited the presence of his holy father, and returned accompanied by the swarm of bees, which fled to its usual place ; and David blessed him for his humility. Then tak- ing leave of, and saluting the father and brethren, he de- parted ; but again the bees followed him, and it was so that whenever he went out, they followed him. Again he sailed a third time, and as before the bees followed him, and he returned to David three times; and the third time holy David dismissed INIodomnoc with the bees and blessed them, saying, " The land to which ye are going abounds in seed; good seed will never be deficient therein; and our city will be always deserted by you, never will your young in- crease therein. We learn by experience with respect to what is preserved until now, for we find that swarms brought to the city of the same father, remaining there a short time, by decreasing become wanting. And Ireland, in which until that time bees never could live, is enriched with plenty of honey ; therefore by the benediction of the holy father, they have increased in the island of Ireland, since it is manifest that they could not live there before, for if you throw Irish earth, or stone into the midst of the bees, dispersed and flying away, they will shun it. As his merits increased, his dignities and honour also in- creased ; for on a certain night, an angel came to him, and said, "To-morrow gird thyself, and put on thy shoes, to go to Jerusalem, and travel the wished-for way ; and I will call two others to be thy companions on the way, namely Eliud, who now is commonly called Teilo, and was formerly a monk of this monastery, and also Padarn, whose life and miracles are contained in his history. And the holy father 3 k 438 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. wondering at the command, said, " How can this be done, for those Avhom you promise to be my companions are dis- tant a space of three days and more from us, and from each other ; therefore we cannot by any means meet to-morrow." The angel said to him, " I will go this night to each of them, and they will come to the place appointed, which I now show." And Saint David made no delay, but i)lacing in order the useful things of his cell, and receiving the be- nediction of the brethren, he began his journey early in the morning, and coming to the appointed place, he there found his promised brethren. They commence the journey to- gether, their provisions are equal, no one is in his mind be- fore the other, each one is a servant of the others, each one is master, constant in prayers they water the road Avith tears; the further their feet took them, the gTeater was their gain, they had one mind, one joy, and one sorrow. When they had sailed over the British sea, and arrived in France, they heard strange languages of divers nations, and father David was endowed with grace as the apostolic company, that when living in foreign nations they might not want an interpreter, and that by their words they should confirm the faith of others. • At length they came to the confines of the wished-for city of Jerusalem, and on the night of their coming, an angel appeared to the Patri- arch in a dream, saying, "Three catholic men are come from the borders of the West, whom receive with joy, and the grace of hospitality, and thou shalt consecrate them for me into the episcopal order." And the Patriarch pre- jiared three very elegant chairs ; and on the Saints coming into the city, he greatly rejoiced, and kindly placed them in the prepared chairs, and trusting to divine discourse they return thanks to God. Then supported by divine election he promoted holy David to be an Archbishop ; this being accomplished, the Patriarch spoke to them, saying, " Obey my voice, and attend to what I shall order ; the power of the Jews, said he, ])rcvails against the Christians, they excite us, they oppose the faith, therefore be prejiared, and LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 439 preach every day, so that by their knowing that the Chris- tian faith is published in the borders of the West, and pro- claimed in the farthest parts of the earth, their violence may be confuted, and set to rest." They obey the order, each of them preaches every day, their preaching is accep- table, they convert many to the faith, and strengthen others : and all things having been accomplished, they de- sign to return to their country. Then the Patriarch enriched father David with four gifts, namely a consecrated altar, in which the body of our Lord had lain, powerful in performing innumerable miracles, and not seen by any person after the death of its priest, but lay hid covered with skins ; and also a remarkable bell, whicli shone with miracles, and a staff, and a coat woven with gold, which staff abounded in glorious miracles, and was ce- lebrated throughout the country. "But," said the Patriarch, " because it will be laborious for you on your journey, to carry them to your country, when you return in peace, I will send them after you." They take leave of the father, and return to their country. And every one of them looking for what was promised by the Patriarch, received the gifts sent to them by angels ; David indeed in the monastery which was named Llangyvelach, and Padarn, and Eliud, each of them in his own monastery. Therefore the common people called them heavenly productions. After Saint Germanus had a second time afforded his as- sistance, the Pelegian heresy revived, and inserted in the inmost parts of the country its obstinate vigour, like the poison of the venemous serpent, and an universal synod of all the bishops of Britain was assembled. There were pre- sent one hundred and eighteen bishops, and an innumerable multitude of presbyters, abbots, and other orders, kings, prin- ces, laymen, and women, so that the very large army cover- ed all the surrounding places. And the bishops muttered among themselves, saying, " There is a very large company present, so that not only a voice, but the sound of a trum- pet cannot reach the ears of them all ; therefore almost all 440 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, 11. the people, untouched by the preaching, when they return home, will carry Avith them the heretical blemish. It was resolved that the people should be preached to under such condition, that a heap of clothes should be raised on high ground, and that one standing thereon should preach. And that whoever should be endowed with such power of speech that his discourse would sound in the ears of those who were far distant, should with the consent of all, be made Metropolitan Archbishop. Then at an appointed place called Brevi, they endeavoured to preach from a raised heap of clothes, but as if from an obstructed throat, the discourse scarcely proceeded to the nearest; the people expected to hear, but the greater part of them could not. One after another attempted to preach, but could not. There was a great difficulty, and it was feared that the peo- ple would return without hearing the heresy refuted. " We preach," said they, " and have no gain, therefore our labour is rendered useless." And one of the bishops, who was named Paulinus, with whom the pontiff David had formerly read, arose and said, "One who was made a bishop by the Patriarch is not as yet present at our synod, a man who is eloquent, full of grace, and approved in reli- gion, to whom an angel is kind, an amiable man, beautiful in countenance, elegant in fonn, and in height four cubits, invite him therefore by my advice." ]\Iessengers Mere immediately sent, who came to the holy bishop, and informed him of the purpose, for which they had come ; but the holy bishop refused, saying, " Let no one tempt me, such as I am, to do what they are unable. I acknowledge my humility, go in peace." Messengers were sent a second and a third time, but he would not coinply. At length the most holy and faithful brethren Daniel and Dubricius were sent, and David forseeing it by the spirit of prophecy, said to the brethren, " To-day most holy breth- ren, some men will come to us; receive them with a joyful mind, and jirocure fish with bread and water for their dinner. Tlie lirothren arrived ; thev saluted each other, and held LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 441 spiritual discourse ; dinner was laid, but they declared that they would not dine in his monastery unless he would come back with them to the synod. To which David said, " I cannot refuse you, dine, and we will visit the synod to- gether ; but then I cannot preach, but in prayer will afford you my assistance, small as it is." Proceeding, they came to the place next to the synod, and lo, they heard near them a lamentable mourning. And the holy man said to his companions, " I will go to the place where there is this great lamentation." His com- panions answered and said, " We will go to the congrega- tion, lest waiting for us, our delay may trouble them." The man of God, went, and proceeded to the place of la- mentation, which was near the river Teivy ; and lo, a be- reaved mother watched the body of her deceased son, who was called Magnus. And Saint David consoling her with salutary advice, raised her up ; but she having heard of his fame, threw herself at his feet, and prayed earnestly with a loud voice that he would have pity on her. The man of God having compassion on human infirmity, went to the dead body, watered its face with tears ; and falling upon the corpse of the deceased, prayed to the Lord, and said, "O Lord my God, Mho didst descend to this world from the bosom of the Father for us sinners, that thou mightest re- deem us from the jaws of the old enemy, have pity on this widow, and give life to her only son, and inspire in him the spark of life, that thy name may be magnified in all the earth." At length his limbs became warm, and the body trembled as the soul returned, and taking hold of the hand of the boy, he restored him alive and well to his mother. And the mother turned her sorrowful weeping into tears of joy, and said, " My son was dead, but through means of thee and God, he henceforth lives." And the holy man took the boy, and placed on his shoulders the Book of the Gospel, which he always earned in his bosom ; and he made him go with him to the synod, and afterwards as a companion he led a prosperous life for many years. And all persons who saw the miracle praised the Lord and holy David. 442 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. Then he went to the synod, and the multitude of bishops rejoiced, the people were glad, and all the company ex- ulted ; he was requested to preach, and he did not refuse to comply with the wishes of the council. They order him to ascend the mount made of clothes, but he refused, there- fore he ordered the boy lately risen from the dead to place a handkerchief under his feet. He standing thereon ex- plained the Gospel and the Law as from a trumpet, and before them all, a white dove sent from heaven sat on his shoulders, which remained so long as he preached. And while he preached, which was Avith so clear a voice that he was heard by all, and equally by those who were nearest, and those who were farthest off, the earth under him swell- ing was raised to a hill, and placed on its top, he was seen by all as standing on a high mountain, and exalting his voice as a trumpet ; on the top of which hill a church is placed. The heresy was expelled, the faith Avas confirmed in sound minds, and they all agreed that thanks should be paid to God, and Saint David. Then blessed and sanctified by the mouth of all, he was by the consent of all bishops, kings, princes, nobles, and all ranks of persons of all the British nation, constituted Archbishop ; and also his city Avas con- secrated the metropolis of all the country, so that Avhoever .should govern it, should be accounted Archbishop. The heresy being expelled, the decrees of catholic and ec- clesiastical rule were confirmed, which by the frequent, and cruel irruptions of enemies had become void, and nearly con- signed to oblivion. From which, as persons awakened from a deep sleep, the battles of the Lord were fought, as may be found in very ancient writings of the father partly written Avith his own holy hand. Afterwards in a succeeding series of years, another synod AA'as assembled, named Victorie, in Avhich assembled a large company of bishops, priests, and abbots, Avho confirmed Avliat Avas settled in the former ; and likewise adding some useful particulars, they rencAved them Avitli finn rigour. Therefore from these tAvo synods, all the (•liurcliL'S of the country received their method and rule by LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 443 the Roman authority, the decrees of wliich confirmed witli his mouth, lie, tlae bishoji alone, committed to writing with his own holy hand. Therefore throughout all the places of the whole country the brethren erected monasteries ; every where remarkable miracles were heard and every where the sounds of prayers were raised to the stars, every where good deeds were on unwearied shoulders carried to the bosom of the church, and every where the gifts of charity were with a powerful hand distributed to the poor. And Saint David, from whom all received the rule and method of living in the right way, was made bishop, the chief observer and the supreme pro- tector. He was order to all, he was dedication, was bene- diction, was absolution, and Avas correction ; to the readers he was learning, to the poor he was life, to the orphans nourishment, to the widow sujiport, to the country a head, to the monks a rule, to the secular a way, to all men he was all things. How many companies of monks he planted, with what usefulness did he profit all, with how much glory of miracles did he shine ! And the bishops all gave to Saint David, power, and monarchy, and supreme authority; and all agreed that it should be lawful for him to grant his refuge to every ravisher, and murderer, and sinner, and to every wicked person fleeing from place to place, before every saint, and kings, and men in every kingdom, in all the island of Britain, and in every country where was a field consecrated to Saint David. And no kings, nor nobles, nor governors, and neither bishops, princes, nor saints dared to grant privilege before Saint David ; for his privilege pre- cedes that of every man, and no one is before him; because he is head, and governor, and prince over all the Britons. And all the saints ordained that every one should be ex- communicated and cursed, who observed not that decree, namely the refuge of Saint David. And so he lived to a great age, the head of all the British nation, and the honour of the country, it being related that his old age completed the bounds of one hundred and forty seven years. 444 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. AVlieii the day for distributing holy rewards to the meri- torious approached, on the eighth of the calends of March, as the brethren were celebrating the morning hours, an angel spoke to him, saying with a clearj voice, " The day that has long been desired, is now accounted very near." The holy bishop knowing the friendly voice, said to him with a joyful mind, " Now, Lord, dismiss thy servant in peace." And the brethren receiving only the sounds into their ears, had not heard, nor understood the meaning of the words ; for on their being spoken, they were teriified and fell to the earth. Then the whole city was filled with the music of angels, and sweet smelling fragrance. And the saint himself speaking in a loud voice, and with a mind up- ward in heaven, said, " Lord Jesus, receive my spirit," Again the angel said with an audible voice, the brethren understanding him, " Prepare thyself, and get ready on the calends of March, for our Lord Jesus Christ, accompanied by a great host of angels Avill come to meet thee." These words being heard, the brethren with deep sobbing made great lamentation ; much sorrow arose ; the city abounded in weeping and said, " Saint David our Bishop, take away our sorrow." And he pacifying them with kind consolations, and comforting them, said, " Brethren, be constant, the yoke you have unanimously taken, bear until the end, and what- soever you have seen and heard, keep and fulfil. And from that hour to the day of his death, he remained in the church preaching to all. Amen. Therefore the information was caiTÌed most swiftly, in one day throughout all Britain and Ireland, by an angel saying, " Know ye that next week, the greatly respected Saint David will remove from this world to the Lord." Then came a concourse of saints from on all sides, like bees on the approach of a storm, and hastened to visit quickly the holy father. The city abounded with tears, the bewail- ing resounded to the stars ; young men lamented him as their father, and old men as their son ; and on the inter- vening Sunday, a great multitude heard him preach a most LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 445 excellent sermon : he consecrated the Lord's body with uudefiled hands, and having partaken of the body and blood of the Lord, he was seized with sickness, and became un- well. Having finished the office and blessed the people, he addressed them all, saying, " My brethren, persevere in those things, which ye have learned of me, and have seen with me; on Tuesday, the calends of March, I shall enter the way of the fathers ; fare ye well in the Lord, and I shall go away ; we shall not see each other any more in this world." Then the voice of all the faithful was uttered in mourn- ing, and lamentation, saying, " O we wish that the earth would swallow us, that the fire would consume us, that the sea would hide us. O we wish that by some sudden irruption death would seize us ; we wish that the mountains would rush violently upon us," and they almost all gave themselves up to death. From the Sunday night to the Wednesday after his decease, all who came, remained weeping, fasting, and watching. When the Tuesday amved, the city was filled at the time of cock-crowing with angelic choirs singing heavenly songs, and full of the sweetest fragrance. In the m'orning the clergy having sung psalms and hymns, the Lord Jesus condescended to bestow his presence for the consolation of the father, as he had promised by the angel. When he saw him, he fully rejoiced in spirit, and said, " Take me with thee." On these words, Christ being pre- sent, he gave up his life to God ; and the angelic host ac- companying, he went to the heavenly country. O who could then endure the weeping of the saints, the deep sighing of the hermits, the wailing of the priests, and the moaning of the disciples, saying, " By whom shall we be taught, the lamentation of strangers, saying. By whom shall we be assisted, the despairing of kings, saying. By whom shall we be ordained, corrected, appointed ; who is so very mild a father as was David, who will intercede for us to the Lord?" The lamentation of the people, the wailing of the poor, the crying of the sick, the clamour of the monks, the 3l 44G LIFK OF SAINT DAVID, II. tears of the virgins, of married people, of penitents, of young men, of young women, of boys, of girls, and of infants suck- ing the breast. Why should I delay? the voice of the mourners was but one, for kings mourned him as a judge, the older people mourned him as a brother, the younger honoured him as a father, indeed all reverenced him as God. His body carried in the arms of the holy brethren, attended by a numerous company, was honourably com- mitted to the earth, and buried in his own city. But his soul without any mark of decaying age, is crowned for ever and ever. May he whose solemnity we devoutly celebrate on the earth, by his holy intercessions join us to the angelic citizens, through the means of God, and our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be honour and glory throughout infinite ages. Amen. These and many other things Saint David effected while his soul occupied its corruptible and troublesome habitation, but of many, we have related only a few in feeble language to quench the thirst of the ardent. As no one can in a nar- row space exhaust to dryness a river flowing from a perpe- tual fountain, so no one can commit to writing all his mira- cles, his most devout performance of the virtues, and his observance of the commandments, although he should be furnished with an iron pen. But these few out of many, as we have said, we have collected for the example of all, and the glory of the father, that have been found scattered in the most ancient writings of the country, and principally of his own city, ; which although corroded by the constant devouring of moths, and a long series of years, have escaped; and what still remains written with the old style of the ancients, I have gathered together that they should not be lost, sucking most subtilly as with the mouth of a bee, from a flowery garden of thick herbs, for the glory of the father, and the benefit of others. For respecting the burdens of the flesh, which at intervals of time are put aside, and the contt>m])lating of the Deity face to face, he only acts and works the more truly, as by the report of many persons, he LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, II. 447 adheres the more closely to God, and may acknowledge it if he would. And with respect to myself, who am named Rice- marchus, who having, although rash, furnished my'limited capacity with these things ; may they whoever shall read them with a devout mind, afford assistance by their prayers, that as the clemency of the father, like that of the spring, has granted a little flower of intelligence in the summer heat of the flesh, they may at length bring me, the vapours of concupiscence being dried up before the end of my course, by good works, to have the benefit of a good harvest. So that when the reapers having separated the tares of the enemy, shall fill the barns of the heavenly country with the most valuable sheaves, they may place me as a little sheaf of the latest harvest in the hall of the heavenly gate, to be- hold God for ever, who is over all God blessed for ever and ever. Of the Genealogy of Saint David. Here beginneth the Genealogy of Saint David, by the grace of God, and predestination Archbishop of all Britain. David was the son of Sandde, Sandde was the son of Cere- dig, Ceredig was the son of Cunedda, Cunedda was the son of Edern, Edern was the son of Padarn, Padarn was the son Peisrudd, Peisrudd the son of Docil, Docil the son of Gwr- ddil, Gwrddil the son of Dwfn, Dwfn the son of Gworddwfn, Gworddwfn the son of Amguoil, Amguoil the son of Em- werydd, Emwerydd the son of Oniid, Omid the son of Perum, Perum the son of Dwfn, Dwfn the son of Owain, Owain the son of Afallach, Afallach the son of Euguen, Euguen the son of Erddolen, Erddolen the son of Euguen, Euguen the son of the sister of Mary. Here endeth the Life of Saint David, bishop and confessor. The Mass respecting the same person. O God, who didst foretel thy blessed confessor and pontiff David, by an angel to Patrick, and prophesying of 448 LIFE OF SAINT DAVID, 11. him thirty years before he was bom, whose memory we celebrate, we pray that by his intercession we may arrive at eteriialjoys for ever and ever. O ahnighty God, being appeased, accept the sacrifice of praise, and the prayers of devotion which we offer to thee in honour of tliy blessed confessor and pontiff', that what our merit will not obtain, thy clemency and his frequent intercession for us, may effect. After the Communion. O Lord, being filled with the partaking of the sacrament, we pray that by the merits of thy confessor and pontiff' Saint David, whose glorious festival we celebrate, we may be sensible of the patronage of thy ineffable mercy. VII. t'à ú líiint ẁi|Hllijia.^ HERE BEGINNETH THE LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW, KING AND CONFESSOR, nil. CALENDS OF APRIL. 1. Op the Division of the Inheritance. 11 *tj/».uj/s»i a most noble king of the Southern Britons, be- gat his son and successor, the eminent Gwj'nllyw, from which word, the country was for some time named §'Ä ' Called Gw-ynllyw Filwr. He was the son of Glywys ap Tegid ap Cadell, and chief- tain of Gwynllwg or Wentlwg, in Monmouthshire. He married Gwladjs, a grand-daugh- ter of Brychan, prince of Brecknock, and was the father of a very large family of child- ren, many of whom resigned their temporal possessions and embraced a life of religion. He was originally a governor, but in course of time he surrendered his dominions to his son Cattwg, and built a church where he passed the remainder of his life in great absti- nence and devotion. The church alluded to, is supposed to be that of Newport, Mon- mouthshire, situated in the hundred of Gwentlwg, and dedicated to him under the name of St. "Woolos. He hved in the latter portion of the sixth century, and his festival is held on the twenty ninth day of March. Rees's Welsh Saints, p. 170. '■' Glywys, the father of Gwynllyw, was the chieftain of a district called from him Gle- wissig, which in this legend seems to be identified with Glamorgan, which in its most extensive sense, included Gwent. Mr. Price in the Hanes Cymru, gives it as his opinion that Glewissig was the ancient name of Morganwg. I am inclined to think it comprised parts of both the present counties of Glamorgan and Monmouth, but not the whole of either, otherwise where are we to find place for the Brenhinoedd of Gwent-is-coed, Gwent-uwch-coed, and many others who were contemporary with Gwynllyw, but not of his family. (See the lolo MSS. quoted in the notes of the life of St. Cadoc.) Of What- ever the district consisted, it is stated here and in the life of St. Cadoc, to have been divi- ded between the sons of Glywys at his death. This and the prior instance of the division of their father's territory among the sons of Cunedda, shows that when Rodri Mawr parti- tioned his dominions between his sons, he only followed an established usage, and did not originate the custom of Gavel kind as has been supposed. The names of the brothers of G»7nllyw as given in the life of St. Cadoc, are open to the suspicion of having been in- vented by the writer, to account for certain local names, and the only one of whom I have found any mention elsewhere, Meirchiawn, is altogether omitted. This regulus is mentioned in the Liber Landavensis, p. 320, and it would appear that he was the chief- tain of Gower, in Glamorganshire, and I suppose was the Meirchiavra Giil, who patron- ized Saint Illtyd, which will fix the era of that personage, which like most others has hitherto been very uncertain, and apparently considerably ante-dated by Welsh authors. —W. 450 LIFE UF SAINT GWYNLLYW. Gvvynllywawc. This son, when a boy, flourished as a 1 and M'hen a youth, as a large flower in a flower garden; the flowers flourished, the laws increased as fruits from flowers; his youthful years were spent in regal warfare. He was emi- nently descended in both lines, for that of his celebrated mother was very noble, for such as was the family race of his father, was that of his mother, nor was it strange that he should shine more brilliantly than golden metal, when such was his descent on both sides. After the decease of his very eminent father, each of the sons endeavoured to bear rule; the inheritance was divided among the brethren in seven portions, constituting districts; he, an appropriate divider in the company of his brethren, had no share, but was a partaker by hereditary right. Being the eld- est, he might take to the whole, but he would not oppress his brethren ; not an oppressor but a nourisher he elevated those descended from the same stock. AH his brothers obeyed his government, and he the prince and governor was worthy to bear rule. He reigned over the seven dis- tricts of Glamorgan on account of himself and his brothers; all the inhabitants were obedient to the laws, no one then dared to injure another. If any one committed an in- jury, he would suffer judgment ; for bribery, he would just- ly lose his patrimony. Peace being confirmed, there were no contentions in his time, he M'as a pacific king, and a li- beral governor in his court ; the royal court is situated in the highest place, surrounded with woods, and adorned with a promontory, and is a diflRcult place on an elevated situa- tion, but he was higher who sat on the throne of its Hall. He was a very celebrated triumpher in war, but after tri- umph was pacific ; he a victor was never conquered ; his countrymen gloried in such a lord, they frequently returned bounteously enriched on the annual anniversaries. His family was so numerous as not to be fixed at a certain num- ber, and could not be lodged in the halls and houses, but tents were usually fixed in the fields for placing them. LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 401 2. Op the Betrothing op nis Wipe. When by the common advice of the inhabitants he was desirous to get man-ied, he sent ambassadors to Brychan, king of Brycheiniog ; for he had heard of the gentleness, and beauty of his daughter Gwladys. She being requested as a bride and promised, was given that he might enjoy le- gal nuptials. After marriage, the bride conceived, and after conception she happily brought forth a son, Cadoc. The stages of the good disposition of the person born, great- ly improved ; such as was the first, such was the last, and the best was not unlike. The sanctity of the very holy man was brilliant, he was supereminent in miracles above all his contemporaries. He endeavoured to admonish his parents, that they should set aside transitory things ; and being ad- monished by the words of their son, they proposed to des- pise all perishable matters. He frequently told them, " Such things as ye possess will not endure, seek those which will continue for ever; that their kingdom would pass away as blasts of wind, and would not return to re- main, but would depart with sorrow. Rejoice, glory- ing in heavenly glory ; if ye will endeavour to deserve it, your crimes shall be washed away. The delights of this world disturb you, but as they increase, they vanish daily. Remember with terror that the last day is coming; the whole world being on fire, will burn, and be consumed. Who will not dread the heat of purgatory ; what is dread- ful, and terrible to mankind approaches. Yea avoid, and shun burnings ; those dangers are to be shunned, and avoided." After such exhortations fi-om their son, they were divinely inspired, and were more desirous to serve God, than to govern after the manner of men. ^ This account of his marriage is very different from that given in the life of his son. Here he obtains his wife in an every-day common place sort of way, there, much more characteristically, he is said to have cai-ried her off by force like a brave fellow. — W. 452 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. Op an Angelic Vision. On a certain night, wliile they slept in a chamber, an angelic voice addressed them sleeping, " The heavenly king, and governor of earthly things, has sent me here that I might convert you, worldly persons, to heavenly service ; he invokes, and invites you as a father doth a son, he has chosen you, and has redeemed you by suffering on the cross, he wills not that those persons who are redeemed by the passion of our Lord, should be damned, but have the joys which he promised. Now proceeding follow his steps; may you trace, may you hold the things that are found. This finding out raises the finders to arduous undertakings ; he does not promise but that they should ascend, and leave devious things. This way is not the true way to pass over, but an oblique one, this deludes, this thrusts to hell: I will shew you the right path, in which you may proceed, con- cerning which you have found an inheritance : the inheri- tance lost by our first parent will be restored, it may be filled by a lost person. Henceforward there will be no perdition; already redemption has assisted, and raised you ; and being raised, lift up your minds that ye be not condemned for perishable things. They love the oppressing of souls, who Avere cast down with Lucifer ; let the most cruel invaders be expelled, whose will ye can never satisfy ; being victors, avoid those persons with triumph, and therefore be trium- phant when ye rise on the morrow. So I command; leave the secular things which ye possess." 4. Op the situation op the Mansion pointed out to Gwynllyw BY the Angel. " About the banks of the river is a certain mountain, where a wliite ox is seen ; one black spot on its high fore- head beneath its horns is a good mark, whereby it may be distinguished by those who meet it. The land which thou wilt possess is now uncultivated, it will be tilled by oxen LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 453 it will be called thy territory for the reasons that have been adduced." Awaking in the morning, he recalled the dream to his mcmor}', and related minutely to his attendants what he had seen ; these particulars having been heard, and all mournfully grieving, he departed fi-om the royal palace, and having resigned the government, he committed to his son Cadoc the charge of governing. Going from thence, he travelled until ho came to the mount jn-edictcd by the angel, where it was appointed for him to reside. A white ox, with a black spot high on its forehead, as predicted by the angel, met him coming to the place ; he therefore gave the name Dutelich to the territory, from the blackness of the fore- head of the ox which met him. As the name was thus given by him, so it was continued by his successors, and the place is still called by the same word.^ The holy Gwyn- Uyw having seen the ox, rejoiced, and was confirmed that the heavenly messenger had predicted true things ; his mind was strengthened, he loved God, whom he ought to love ; he held cheap this transitory world, which more in- jures than profits. Therefore he said : — 5. Op the token op the Ox. " This agricultural ox designates that the country is to be cultivated, performing agriculture it gives signs to those who cultivate the lands. Sea coasts with fields, and a wood with high groves are seen far and wide ; there is no pros- pect in the world such as is in the space where I am now to dwell ; a fruitful place, and inhabiting it, I shall there- fore be the more happy." Having said these words, by the divine appointment and the concession of Dubricius, bishop of Llandaff, he there remained, and built an habitation, and consequently marked out a burying place, in the middle whereof he built a church with boards and rods, which he diligently visited with frequent prayers. 1 The locality licre indicated is certainly St. WoUos.— W. 454 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYAV. G. Of the Penance of St. Gwynllyw, and Gwladys nis wipe. Gwlaflys his most noble wife, and a most chaste wo- man, being in the same manner devoted to the catholic religion, would remain near the habitation of the holy Gwynllyw, not farther off than one fiirlong. And departing to the Lord, and proceeding she came to the bank of the river Ebod;^ where she dwelt, and erected buildings which most were necessary for both God and man. They both lived religiously, and abstemiously, and fasted on all the times appointed for the purpose. The following penance was en- joined on them, first, that they should wear a hair-cloth, and partake of barley bread, and ashes with water mixed therewith a third part in quantity, every ninth hour, and the fountain sedge was to be for sweet pot herbs, but they were most sweet because they led to rewards. The counte- nance of both of them became pale, as if they suffered from illness ; it was not weakness, for health strengthened them in- wardly; they were accustomed to restrain the desires of the body by washing themselves in the coldest water ; and they did not more seldom wash themselves in the frosty season ' The habitation of Gwladys it is not easy to identify: in the Life of Saint Cadoe she is said to have erected licr cliuroli at Pencarn, which is about three miles from St WoUos, and a mile and a \v.\\i fiom (Iir nearest point on the river Ebbw, and the nearest approach of the river U< > i . \\ .Hi , i- upwiirds of a mile. The distance mentioned must be incor- rect. The n.:M i i < Imi , K m, the Ebbw is at B.TSsaleg, rather more than two miles from St. WoUos. li !^ |i<,.-ii,,. Ml t ill.' lady may have been the founder of two churches, one here and another at I'lin in, 1 i,- p Uiiitage of this devout lady, as here given, is atten- ded with some diffieuU; , I ;i:i I, -ii.l to have died in 450. Mr. Rees suggests that all e was probably a ,l;i i' - i i :, i nt even this would scarcely bring her low down enough, she musthavi' I.. . n ,i I. i-i ilni-.l in descent from Brychan, if descended from him at all. The idea that one individual w.is the father of some fifty children, unless in a coun- try where polygamy was allowed, in so suporlativily absurd that it does seem extraordi- niiry that the possiliility of there having been more persons than that one bearing the same iiiiiüc nivir sciiis to liave occurred to the collectors of Achau Saint. Three Bi^- ''|"| '"•'■ iiii. II IV, ,,^,ii/:ilil,.,,indtheremay have been more. The first in date was the '■" '■ ^ i i I 1 111' died about 451). A second seems to have been a Gwen- ' ' ' ,1 ' ' • iKive flourished about Anno Domini 500, .and a third in "" ' ■ I I N .1 century and a half later ; dividing the family among the thriu we :ii i i- like a rational number of children for each ; which how- ever may li. nr.d by the very probable supposition, that grandchildren havebconnii'i i , ii; u, and some of them having been reckoned twice over under dilTercntnan,! . I .,i ,>, ..^, n, the legend of Cadoc, that he was baptized Cathmail, and therefore had tw., names, whidi, as no rcmarls is nuulc upon it, was we may suppose not n. — W. LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 455 of winter than in the heat of snmmer; they rose from their beds in the middle of the niglit, and after a bath returned to the cohlest apartment, put on their clothes, and visited the church, praying and kneeling before the altars until it was day. Thus they led an heremitical life, enjoying the fruits of their own labour, and taking nothing which belong- ed to another. 7. Op the Admonition op St. Gwynllyw. Holy Cadoc, abbot of Nancarban, holding both the government and the abbacy of the Nancarban valley, fre- quently visited his parents, whom he comforted and admon- ished with divine sayings, that they might not be discou- raged in their undertakings, often uttering in their hearing the gospel precept, "The crown is promised not to those who begin good things, but to them who persevere in what is good." Also he said very often, " Persevere as ye have begun, that ye may be crowned when ye are about to have a crown ; be therefore crowned ; do not ye see that the day of this world is passing away, and that the powerful men are discouraged as if they never had been comforted. What is secular power with regard to future blessedness but the greatest delusion ; they are deluded who love such things; they live to-day, not being about to live on the mor- row. What unhappiness, and how great their misery if they lose heavenly things in darkness. Future inhabitants of heaven, ye will not lose the joys of the heavenly country, and being just ye will be on the right side. Ye may recol- lect mention of the saying of the Supreme Judge, who will deliver the sentence on those who are j udged, ' Come ye blessed children of my Father, receive the kingdom prepar- ed foi- you from the beginning of the world, &c.' " 8. Op tub Renewal op the blessed Gwynllyw, and Gwladys nis Wife. Mentioning these and such like things, he would not that they should be such near neighbours to each other. 456 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. lest carnal concujiisceuce should, through the persuasion of the unseen enemy, pervert their minds from inviolable chastity. Therefore he exhorted his mother to leave the first place of her residence, and admonished by the advice of her son, she departed, leaving there to serve God, seven Iiuns, consisting of virgins and chaste persons. Then he went to a mountainous desert, distant about seven furlongs from the first jilace, where he chose a place for his habita- tion; and having marked out a burial place, built a church in honour of the holy IVIary. There he saw none besides his attendants, and the brute animals ; he fasted, he prayed, because no adversity opposed. The things that were neces- sary were sent to him. JMention of this evangelical precept was not wanting to him from his son, who had a holy mind, which thus appears, "Honour thy father, and thy mother, that thy days may be long on the earth." He took greater care of his parents at all times than of himself, he rejoiced on the increase of religion in both, and was more pleased than with his own works. Their principal works shone beyond the bounds of Brittany, and were every where spoken of; and when liberated from the burden of the flesh they deserved to be placed in heavenly glory. 9. Of the breaking out op a Spring of Water at the Prayer OF Saint Gwynllyw. The venerable Saint Gwynllyw complained on a certain day of the dryness of the mountain land, where he inhabi- ted ; namely because it wanted spring water ; and the most high auditor heard his complaints, and prayers. In the mean time, while he sat in a field on a certain day, he was very thirsty, and desirous to quench his thirst, he pierced the dry ground with the point of his staff. After this was done, he saw a most cleai- fountain flowing in the place, which now remains, and will remain Avithout intennission. From whence it had a name, and was called Gwynllyw's ^Vell, which God granted on the prayer of the holy man. LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 457 10. How Saint Dubricius, Bishop, and Cadoc visited Gwynllyw IN ms LAST illness, and op his decease. When the most holy Gwynllyw began to be sick, and the end of his life approached, he sent for his son Cadoc, and for Dnbricius, bishop of Llandaff. And they came to the sick person, and gave him penance, exhorting and comfort- ing him with salutary doctrine. After this was given, the bishop pronounced absolution and apostolical benediction. These things having been done reverentially, according to order, the soul of the blessed Gwynllyw departed from the corporeal chamber where it remained, shining with angelic brightness, on the fourth of the Calends of April, and was accompanied through the skies, that he might remain in eternal rest. Afterwards his body was buried in the pave- ment of the church, where angelic visitation is frequently seen, and persons sick of divers disorders are cured of every complaint. 11. Op A CERTAIN Composer op Verses on the deeds of St. Gwynllyw. A certain British poet versifying in the British language, composed verses respecting his nation; and writing laudable things, in the British tongue, respecting the life of the most holy Gwynllyw, and the miracles which God, from his love to him, enabled him to perform, the verses were not as yet completed by the composer, for the fourth part of the com- position was wanting ; and he sought matter for proceeding therewith, but had not the power of genius to compose readily. In the mean time a very great overflowing of the sea with raging violence covered the plains, and over- whelmed all the inhabitants and the buildings ; horses with oxen, and oxen with horses were swimming, in the water ; mothers held their children in their hands, the waves seized them, and they could not proceed further. How great was the distress, and misery; those who were then living be- came dead carcases; no living person came to the wood. 458 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. between the cliurcb of the holy Gwynllyw, and the Severn, but the aforesaid composer, through the favour of the most lioly Gvvj'ullyw; for when he saw the very great flood approaching, he remained between the sea coasts and the Severn, and dreading to be overwhehned, began to compose tlie fourth part of his verses. AVhen he commenced, the country was covered with waves ; afterwards he got on a higher beam, and the swelling wave again followed him the third time on the roof of the house, but he ceased not to describe his laudable acts. These things having taken place, the British poet escaped, and propjiiug the house, he secured it, but the other houses were overwhelmed and demolished by the waves. 12. Op toe revenge on toe Pirates who robbed the Chürcd of Saint Gwynllyw. Griffith, king of North Wales, being driven by war from all the borders of Britain, and greatly dreading the plots which his enemies would lay against him, and William the old king of the English having conquered and subdued them then reigning, hastily sailed to the Orcades islands, to avoid his cruel victorious enemies, being desirous to be safe and enjoy protection. There remaining he would rather commit robbery, than erect buildings; and preparing to inflict revenge for his banishment, he excited many of the islanders to commit piracy to procure deadly gain, and effect invasion. Being craftily gathered together, and incited, and twenty-four large ships being filled fi-om the collected invaders, they sailed under the command of Grif- fith on the Irish sea, and after a long and dangerous voyage came to the Severn sea, which washes the banks of Gla- morgan ; then sailing along the sea, they very greedily went for plunder to the mouth of the river Usk, and cast anchor. The fleet being secured, they take their hatchets, and armed with lances hostilely invade the fields and woods. I' roni these invasions they collect much prey ; the inhabi- LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 459 tants who were cautious escaped through watching, but the incautious were taken to the fleet by their imijious hands. The very wicked pirates observing that the church of Sa,int Gwynllyw was locked, and thinking that valuable arti- cles were therein for safety and protection, broke the lock, and after breaking it entered. And whatsoever was found valuable and useful they took away, and after the sacrile- gious robbery left the plundered church. Then they returned burdened to the ships, heavier with crimes than with great burdens. The weight of the wicked- ness appeared very great gain to those who carried away the plunder, and sweet and agreeable to the gainers, but was about to be bitter, yea most bitter to the transgressors. Having loosed the anchors, and hoisted up the sails, they rejoicing, went to the Island of Barry. There neither joys nor comforts were received, but the most grievous sorrow after the robbery. When they began to raise the sails, and return to the Orcades islands and Ireland, they saw a terri- ble man riding by day and night and pursuing them in every part ; that teiTÌble horseman was the holy Gwynllyw, who was sent from heaven to oppose the sacrilegious per- sons. The ships had their sails raised, but those sails could not resist the raging violence of the winds, as much as by rowing they would gain of the course, so much would the current force them contrariwise, and the naval instru- ments where shattered. The trembling sailors said, " Wickedness here appears, we oppose things that are ad- verse, and the contention of the unjust does not prevail." Some of the ships were broken on the rocks, and every one which was saved therefrom by human exertions rushed against each other. Before they came to the wished-for shore, the whole fleet, except two ships, was overwhelmed, their circumstances deserving it. Those two escaped, and were able to avoid the danger ; because king Griflith owned them, and was present, and would not destroy, nor yet be a partaker of the robbery ; neither did he enter the church, but with his companions waited on the shore the 460 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYAV. cominsT of the pirates. After some time he made peace witli William king of England, and related the miracles which he had manifestly seen performed for the sanctity of the most holy Gwynllyw. 13. Op the Anchor placed in the Church and not seen, and op bloody cheeses. In the time of Griffith, the valiant king of all Wales, Edward being king of England, merchants frequently came from England, and exchanged merchandize in the harbour at the mouth of the river Usk. After the business was accomplished, they paid toll ; for if they did not pay the accustomed tribute, they were not to have any more leave to come, and traffic in the harbour. It happened that at one turn they Avould not pay ; this having been heard, Rigrit son of Imor, and grandson of king Griffith, went to the harbour in a rage, and full of indignation ordered the debt to be paid, but they, although commanded, would not pay it. Afterwards for the disgrace of the Englishmen, and in derision of their kingdom, he cut the rope of the anchor, and caused the loose anchor to be carried to the church of Saint Gwynllyw. The sailors returning to the merchants related to Earl Harold the disgrace and derision where- with they were treated. The malevolent Earl being moved with great anger, and desirous to revenge, collected an army; which being gathered together, he rushed upon Glamorgan, being hostilely disposed to burn and lay waste all the country ; this commotion having been heard, the in- habitants brought their goods to the refuge of the saints. These being taken, they fled and hid themselves in the woods ; afterwards an army came, and burnt and ravaged, sparing no one, but taking away whatsoever it found. In the moan time, the lock being broken, some of the robbers entered the church of the venerable Gwynllyw, which was full of garments, provisions, and many valuable things ; tlicso being seen, like most greedy wolves, they stole every thing tliey saw in the church. The anchor aforesaid, which was LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. 461 the cause of the robbery and pkindering, was however not seen by any one, but was notwithstanding in an inner corner of the church. The cheeses were divided by the robbers : when cut, they appeared bloody in the inside, the whole army was amazed, and with ready hands restored every thing that they had stolen. Besides, Earl Harold being pricked among the first, with painful compunction, offered on the altar in behalf of his soldiers; then he returned, and dread- ing greater punishment, promised that he would never vio- late the refuge of the venerable temple ; soon after, in the following month, for that wickedness and other crimes, he was conquered in the battle of Hastings by king William, and slain. 14. Op the supplication to those who were about to violate the CHURCH of Saint Gwynllyw and the taking away op the SACRED VESTMENTS. Ednowein from North Wales, a very intimate ft-iend of Caradoc king of Glamorgan, being excited by the per- suasion of the devil, one night broke the lock, and got into the church of holy Gwynllyw, and after his wicked entrance, to his loss, not to his gain, stole the cup and the ecclesias- tical vestments. From thence he returned with his dishonest burden, and travelled back his very wicked journey ; and in the way he saw the sea flowing towards him, and higher than his head, so much that at length he turned from be- holding what was taking jAace with respect to the sea, un- til he came to the threshold of the violated church. Being- silly, he went in, and before the altar dressed himself in the sacred vestments, and the robes fastened round him as iron chains. In the morning when the priest entered the church with a lighted candle, he saw an unseemly form dressed in a manner that ought not to be ; seeing this, he trembled very much, and signing himself with the mark of the cross, he comforted his trembling breast ; being affected with fear, he went back to the door, and from thence with a loud voice, called the clergy. When the clergy came, and were 3n 462 LIFE UF SAINT GWYNLLYW. Burprized at such loud calling, he was questioned, and he related the following circumstance, saying, "There is a cer- tain unknown person in the church, not dreseed in lay clothing, but with a sacred vestment, I know not how it happens, and whether he is there with a benevolent mind, or remains for some bad purpose." Having heard these things, a clergyman went in, and saw the same silly person, and he forthwith laid bold on him when seen, and took him, confessing his fiiult, to be judged in the court of king Caradoc. Some there adjudged him to be deprived of his eyes, others recommended both his hands to be cut oif ; but Herwald bishop of Llandaff, who was there assisting, would not allow such a thing to be done, for God the true judge had done rightly, that he should have just judgment; and heavenly judgment was given to the sacrilegious person, for the transgressor was rendered dull, without common sense. This having been said, the malefactor, agreeable to the judgment of the bishop, was released from the royal prison, and ended his miserable life in idiocy, because he had violated the privileges of the church and of the saint. 15. Of the anger of King William towards Caradoc the subregulus. The legitimate knights born in Normandy, were reported to have formed a plot against William the old king of England, after he had gained a victory over the English in the first contest ; this having been discovered, the king would take and imprison them, and being taken they should either con- fess the execrable crime, or altogether deny it. These things being resolved on by the king, they recalled to remembrance their very great crime, and unwilling to wait to be taken, fled to Caradoc king of Glamorgan ; he received them honourably, and promised that he would never by the command of the king injure them, although he should lose all which he held of the king. The king hearing that these plotters had for the crime laid to their charge, fled, and gone to Caradoc the regulus, and that he LIFE OF SAINT GWVNLLYW. 463 liad unjustly made such an engagement as aforesaid against his lord, sent ambassadors, commanding Caradoc either to return the prisoners or expel them from his dominion, for so would he govern in his inheritance. But Caradoc being a benevolent man, more dreading and avoiding infamy than the king his lord, would neither take nor expel them from his dominion, but keep and honour them as his own son. These things being related by the ambassadors to king William, who being enraged, and angrj', and excited with indignation, sent his son William Rufus, a brave young man and warlike, with immense force, and armed soldiers to Glamorgan, which was laid waste, and burnt, and deprived of money. The army being therefore fatigued on their re- turn, rested a certain night in fixed tents, about the church of the most blessed Gwynllyw, the town being empty of men, who had fled to the woods for safety from their ene- mies. Tlie houses were full of divers kinds of corn, whence they fared abundantly ; but the reverse was in the horse pastures ; for there was not there any pasture, but odious famine, no horse would taste the oats ; and almighty God would not open the closed houses. Holy Gwynllyw prayed, whom the Deity heard. This miracle having been seen, William Consul among the first, offered valuable gifts to God and the church, asking mercy and pardon for demo- lishing the houses. The whole army subsequently kneeled before the altar, offering with penitence and fear, and pro- mising that they would not any more violate the land of Saint Gwynllyw, and that such things as they had before done, they would never do again. Then with reverential fear, they returned to England, and related in magnificent terms the noble intercession of Saint Gwynllyw. 16. How BY THE ASSISTANCE OF SaINT GwYNLLYW, A DeAN, WITHOUT HIS KNOWLEDGE, PASSED THROUGH AN DNPASSABLE KIVEE. A certain lajTnan, having laid a claim unjustly to a por- tion of land which a clergyman of the most blessed Gwyn- llyw held of right, and for which, claims very often made, 464 LIFE OF SAINT GWYNLLYW. they appointed a day for pleading respecting the claimed land, tliat through means of judgment, discord might be done away. In the mean time the Dean of the church visited the court of Lisacors in lower Gwent, to partake of a royal banquet, such being the custom at that time throughout the country. On the last day of the feast, before the said day of pleading towards night he brought the pleas of the following day to his mind, and he grieved much, fearing that he should lose the claimed land through his delay, and which would surely be lost if he did not come on the appointed day. Therefore he kept on his way by riding in a dark night, opposed by rain and storms, and in- voking the sanctity of Saint Gwynllyw whilst he passed through the dangerous river, which was unpassable for human beings and horses' feet, except with swimming, with- out knowing that he had by divine assistance passed it, un- til he came to the brink. Then wondering, he praised the divine power, for he knew a very great stone which was near to the public road and immoveable. Early in the morning, after the celebration of divine service, the Dean attended on the appointed day, and by the judicial sentence, obtained the claimed land from the layman, which after- wards belonged, and of right ought to belong to the church of Saint Gwynllyw. VIII. ÎTifr nî It. m\ỳ: HERE BEGINS THE LIFE OF ST. ILLTYD. 1. Op the Marriage op his Parents and the Nativity op the cuild,- Î^ttabía, a rich and victorious province, jjowerful in arms, ■^ than which no one was more eminent in warlike re- putation, derived its origin from its British mother. Being- instructed by the mother, the daughter was always victo- rious ; the British princes were full of vigour, and their leaders were noble, but the most noble inheritors of the land were formerly disinherited, and they lost their pro- perty, as if they were foreigners. Of these, Bicanus, a very celebrated soldier, and illustrious in race, and military 1 From the Cott. MSS. in the British Museum, Vespasian, A. XIV. ^ Saint Illtjd was by birth an Armorican, being the son of Bieanys, by a sister of Emyr Llydaw, whom John of Teignmouth called Riengulida, and was therefore the great ne- phew of Saint Germanus. The statement that Saint Illtyd was a soldier in the train of king Arthur, and was persuaded by Saint Cadoc to renounce the world, and devote him- self to religion, would bring down the appointment to the college at Llanilltyd Fawr, or Lantwit Major, to the year A.D. 520. The name of Saint Illtyd is connected with several churches besides that of Llanilltyd Fawr or Lantwit 5 he may be considered the founder of Pembre, in Carmarthenshire, Illston and Newcastle in Glamorganshire, and also of Llantrisaint, in the latter county, in conjunction with Saint Tyfodog, and Saint Gwyno. Ecton records Illtyd as the patron saint of Llanhary and Llantryddid, in Glamorganshire; and Llanhilith, Monmouthshire ; and Llantwood or Llantwyd in Pembrokeshire. The following chapels are dedicated to him, — Llanilltyd Faerdre under Llantrisaint, and Llantwit subject to Neath , Glamorganshire ; Capel Illtyd subject to Dyfynog, Breck- nockshire ; and Llanilltyd under Llanfachraith, Merionethshire. According to Cressy the commemoration of Saint Illtyd was held February 7, but the year in which he died is uncertain. — Rees's Essay on the Welsh Saints, page 178, 181. 46G I'IFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. affairs, was eminent. All his kindred proceeded from the chief princes, no one of his predecessors was inferior to him, such as were the first, so was the last. Therefore being eminently descended and exalted from such persons, he ought to rejoice who proceeded from such very noble pa- rents. He distinguished himself, and commanded in regal warfare, and was beloved by the king and queen, for uni- versal fame spoke handsomely of him. A man of such emi- nent nobility, was desirous to get married, and to be in- herited by sons, and he was anxious to fulfil his wishes by marr}ang Rieinguled, daughter of Anblaud, king of Britain; who was so called by a Bristish word, which in English signifies a INIodest Queen. This dignified name was given to her who deserved it, for as yet she was not bound in any respect by legal nuptials. Despising play, she was steady in her mother's chamber, and obeyed her commands. What- ever she said was fit for conversation, because she acted altogether by advice. Being a very good maiden, without re- proach, when old enough for marriage, she deserved a husband. The inhabitants did not know any one more worthy of marriage, therefore messengers passed over the Gallic sea, and brought back the maiden; as a precious pearl excelling in beauty, and most gentle, they recommended her to the aforesaid prince to obtain nuptial honour. The ceremony having been lawfully performed, the lawful wife conceived, and after conception, happily brought forth a son. So a fruitful tree produced a most excellent flower. In the catechism of the boy, and after his baptism, the in- fant was named Illtyd, that is, one safe from every crime ; he was blameless in the five stages of life, and was laudable and beloved by all persons. His parents were desirous that he should become learned, and agreeable to their wishes they sent him to be instructed in the seven sciences. After receiving instruction, and obtaining a knowledge of elementary science, he postponed his proceeding in litera- ture and went to war, but without forgetting by any negli- gence anything that he knew. He had so good a memory LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYÜ. 467 that on once hearing a saying of his master, he ])erfectly retained it ever after. To him were fully given the five keys, whereby he might wisely communicate knowledge with respect to things unknown. No one was more elo- quent throughout Gaul than Illtyd the soldier, in reciting philosophical eloquence. 2. Of his visit at the court of king Arthur and Paulinos. The soldier in the mean time hearing of the magnificence of his cousin, king Arthur, and being desirous to visit the court of so great a conqueror, left what we call the Farther Britain, and by sailing, came to where he saw a very large collection of soldiers. Being honourably and munificently received according to his military wishes, and his desire for receiving rewards being satisfied, he departed, much pleased from the royal court, and undertaking his journey, his very honourable wife Trynihid accompanying he him, came to Paulinus king of Glamorgan. The king seeing him a courtly soldier, and an honourable man, retained him with great delight, loving him more than any of his attendants, and munificently treating him. Therefore he remained there very reverently until he was chosen to preside over the royal household ; which he governed without any quarrels, being a pacific governor, and next to his master ; the pre- cepts of the gospel were in the breast of the soldier, and he endeavoured to recite them to those who would retain them; and they who heard them recited, were directed to the perfect performance of their actions, and they discharged their duties, perfectly performing them to receive a heavenly reward. Outwardly he was a soldier who wore a military dress, but inwardly he was one of the most intelligent of the natives of Britain. Therefore he was appointed by king Paulinus to be chief over the soldiers, on account of his exquisite eloquence, and incomparable intelligence ; no contemporary could be compared with him for mental abi- lity, which was proved, and confirmed by the testimony of learned men. 468 LII'E OF SAINT ILLTYD. 3. Of the household op king Paulinds, whom the earth swal- lowed, AND OF THE PROMISE CONFIRMED OF TAKING THE CLERICAL HABIT AFTER WARFARE BY THE ADVICE OF Saint Cadoc' It liappened on a certain day, when he took his royal household to hunt over the territory of Saint Cadoc, that it rested, and sent a message to the celebrated abbot, with harsh words, requiring that he should send dinner to them, or they would take it by force. The holy Cadoc, although the message appeared to him improper, on account of the harshness of the language, and as if of right to require tri- bute, yet sent by the household what was sufficient for their dinner, This having been transmitted, the household sat down to dine, but ability for eating was wanting ; for on account of their unlawful petition and sacrilegious offence, the earth swallowed up the unjust multitude, which alto- gether vanished away on account of such great wickedness. But the soldier Illtyd, the military chief, escaped because he would neither consent to the unjust petition, nor was he in the place, where the household were present waiting for the food, Ijut was afar off' with a hawk, Mhich he sometimes loosed, and directed after birds. Illtyd beholding this mi- racle, feared, and after the sight was affected with com- punction for his past faults, and he hastened his steps to holy Cadoc, enquiring, and on his knees asking advice of him for correcting his misdeeds. But he, a salutary counsellor, first of all advised him to set aside his secular dress, and after- wards to procure what he proposed, the clerical habit, and to serve the supreme Creator during the whole space of his life, for obtaining eternal retribution. He humbly obeyed the advice that had been given, and promised that he would firmly attend to it in future ; then returning to king Paul- inus, and having permission, he withdrew himself from se- cular service : and the king and queen, and all his acquaint- ' See Life uf Saint Ciidoe, page 337 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 409 ance grieving on account of his secession, he at length came to the brink of the river Nadawan,^ accompanied by his wife and attendants ; and being summer time, he con- structed a covering of reeds, that it might not rain ujjon their beds ; and while the horses depastured in the meadow, they at night slept, their eyes being heavy. 4. Op the first coming of an Angel to admonish Saint Illtyd. Before the intelligent man suddenly stood an angel, who advised him with the following admonitions. " Thou wast formerly a celebrated soldier, munificently treated by many kings ; but now I command thee that thou serve the King of kings, and that thou dost not any more love transitory things; remember that thy parents recommended clerical study to thee, and that thou didst study, being devoted to divine in- tercourse, afterwards that thou didst despise what was not despicable and became engaged with the spear and the sword. These arms were not given to thee fì-om an ar- moury, but the five keys were granted thee under a master; therefore seek again what thou hast left, that thou might- est not be taken, or caught in the snares of the unseen enemy. For the plotter is present, who endeavours to de- ceive thee, and desires with all his might to condemn thee; he sees thee although thou dost not see him with thy bodily eye. Thou dost not take care to be protected lest he de- stroy thee ; therefore unwary and deceived by the enemy of God and man, thou art in a state of ignorance, for he en- vies the inhabitants of both heaven and earth, because he has lost his heavenly seat. He more fierce than a lion, and more swift than a bird, the invisible wizard, steals, and takes away what is stolen, and also has regard to what he restores; — |- he punishes the punishable. Drive then away the poison after medicine, after the manner of a physician, that no scar may appear after the healing. Effeminate love also .-^r 470 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. seizes thee, that tbou niayest not turn to the Lord. What is carnal love but horror, and the origin of sins; one who loves much gets heated as with the heat of fire ; it is a hurt- ful thing, an odious thing, which draws one to punishment. Let it not burn thee, nor the fierce desire of poison urge thee ; thy wife is comely, but chastity is better ; who would choose to postpone eternal things for such a thing ; for if thou shouldst now seek naked, thou wouldst not love it as heretofore; look at it, and on the sight thereof, esteem it afterwards of less value. What benefit, and what profitable happiness doth arise from such iiitercourse, he who abstains and forbears from marriage shall be exalted, and placed in the eternal seat. When thou risest on the morrow, quickly betake thyself to a certain woody valley, towards the western side, where thou wilt have a mansion, for such is the will of God ; the place is convenient, very fertile, and habitable ; for this cause am I come fi-om the supreme Creator on this business, and to mention such things with benevolence ; I have related them that this may be per- formed, and with respect to the performance there should be no delay." 5. Of his undertaking to pass a hermitical life in the valley op hodnant, and his mode of living on the angelic exhortation. These words having been said, the angel disappeared; after a short space of time, Illtyd awaking, recalled to his re- membrance the discourse of the angel, and also revolved in his mind that precept of our Lord, " He who loves father and mother, brothers and sisters, wife and children, more than me is not worthy of me," &c. Meditating on such things, he ordered his wife to rise, and when rising com- manded her to look after the horses, the>wn then shining bright, that he might know hoAV they were kept by the guards that night. She departed naked with dishevelled hair, that she might look after them, and fulfil what tjie angel had ordered to be done ; she returned after having seen them, and in her return, the blessed Illtyd saw her LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 471 naked body, with her hair spread about her by the blowing of the wind. He grieved when he beheld the female form; he estimated it as of little value, and gi-eatly repented that he had loved such a person ; he vowed that he would desert her, and promised that he would fulfil his vow in words as follow. " A woman now of little value, who was formerly beloved, a daughter of sweet luxury, the origin of deadly ruin, she nourishes punishment, therefore should any one love her, the fair form of a woman will now become loathsome." 6. Op his first habitation in the Vale op Hodnant. These things having been done, as has been related, the aforesaid woman was desirous to go to bed; Illtyd drove her away so wishing,''saying that he would forsake her as the j^oison of a serpent, and would not live with her again. He reached to her, her clothes, and being- given to her, she put them on, and sat down ; and al- though clothedj^ she said, with a trembling heart, that she was ready to starve, hoping that by that means she might again lie by his side in bed. But he knew that what she said was false ; he strengthened his mind Avith the firmness of virtue; a solitary traveller, whom God accompanied, gained the victory ; having relinquished all secular things, he kept on his way until he came to the aforesaid valley, which is called Hodnant, and not without reason, for in English, it signifies a Fruitful Valley. About it there were no mountains or steep inequalities, but an open fertile plain ; there was a wood, very thick with various trees growing in it, where many wild beasts inhabi- ted ; a very pleasing river with its banks flowed therein, and fountains intermixed with a rivulet, were in delightful courses. After he had rested, and looked on all things, the delightful place pleased him, as the angel mentioned above to him in a dream. Here was a grove full of trees, for those who there remained, which was open to the sun ; here 472 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. was great fertility about the plains ; again a course of rivers ran through the middle. I know it to be said that it was the most beautiful of places. Of Tenance enjoined to him, and the acceptance of the clerical habit, and of his mode op watching and fasting, and of the first building of his church. These things having been seen, and being well-pleasing to him, the servant of God, the most blessed Illtyd, went to Dubricius, the bishop of LlandafF, who had enjoined pen- ance to him for his past misdeeds ; he shaved his beard, he cut his hair, he consecrated his crown, and lastly he took the clerical habit, according to the angelic commandment re- vealed in a dream, and being crowned, he returned to the same place. First of all, he built there an habitation, then the prelate Dubricius fixed the bounds of the burial place, and in the middle thereof, he laid the foundation of an ora- tory, in honour of the supreme, and undivided Trinity. These things being designed, he erected a church of stone mate- rials and surrounded it with a quadrangular ditch. After these things were doue, and accomplished, he watched fast- ing, he diligently prayed without intermission, and largely bestowed bis property among the poor ; a most religious hermit, he laboured with his own hands, and trusted not to the labours of others. In the middle of the night, before morning prayers, he washed himself with cold water, thus sustaining, as long as he could, the Lord's command thrice a day. Then he visited the church, and kneeling he sought the omnipotence of the supreme Creator So great was his religion that he was never seen to be engaged in any business, but in divine service ; all his thoughts were in the holy Scriptures, which he fulfilled in his daily works ; many scholars and learned persons in the seven arts flocked to liim for instruction. LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 473 8. Of toe Stag tamed by Saint Illtyd, and op the marvellous dinner of the king on fish and water. When king Meirchion, whose prenomen was Vesanus, on a certain day excited his dogs after a stag, the animal being harassed, fled and ran forwards, and entered the chamber of the holy Illtyd, as if seeking refuge from him, after the manner of men. After entering, it lay tamed at the feet of his admirer, being fatigued and frightened by the dogs. And the barking dogs waited its coming out, but then ceased from barking. The king hearing the last barking, followed, much wondering at the sudden silence of the barking ; and when he turned to the wilderness, he saw the tamed dogs and the stag, and that the wild animal had become a tame domestic one ; therefore he was very angry with the inhabitant, because he dwelt without his leave in the wilderness, which in his own opinion was fitter for hunting. He began to ask for the stag, but holy Illtyd would not give it up ; but granted leave to him to come in if he would accept of it. He was affected with fear, and when he saw the very great piety of the most blessed man, and such great miracles performed for him in his presence, he would not destroy him, with whom he was angry, but rather bestowed upon him his first gift, given from God, which he gratefully accepted. The said stag being tamed by holy Illtyd drew carriages, and timber for building in a carriage. After these things, the aforesaid king whom holy Illtyd had invited to dinner, being hungry, was desirous to dine ; being invited, he descended humblv, and instead of being mad as he used to be, he sat down pacified. He sent a servant to a neighbouring pond for the purpose of fishing, who immediately caught with his net, a fat and excellent fish of great weight ; which being taken, and cooked, they placed before the king, but he would not taste it, because it appeared to him to be inde- cently placed before him without bread and salt. But Ill- tyd not having bread and salt at the time, said, " The 474 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. maker of all creatures, and the giver of gifts can effect that if thou tastest what is set before thee, thou wilt have in the untasted fish ft-om me what thou dost wish to have." Those things being asked for, and heard, the king dare not refuse perversely, but eat and had the tastes of divers kinds of meat in that of one sort. Being satisfied, and thirsty, he asked in a jeering manner for wine or mead to be given to him ; but Illtyd wanting them, ordered to be given to him for his drink some water from the fountain; and offered again those prayers which he had before uttered, that from the watery drink the desire of the person asking might be satisfied. He drank what was brought to him, and was pleased with it, and found in water alone the tastes of the divers liquors of wine and mead 9. Op the coming of an Angel for the admonishing op King Meirchion, and for his correction. After this marvellous drinking, the aforesaid king had a dream, and a heavenly angel came to him when sleeping and admonished him, and rebuking he reproved him saying, " Thou hast been hitherto a mad, and a very wicked, king, and now remaiuest such ; amend, for so I advise thee, and that thou dost not delay thy amendment ; thou hadst rather that useless wild beasts should dwell here, than worshippers of God who ought to inhabit it. Thou shouldst not forbid, but permit the designed person to remain, and cultivate the place granted to him ; thou shalt be destroyed, and not have a long life, and be without progeny. Grant him therefore leave to remain, for that valley shall be in- habited to the end of time. AVho Avill dare to offend, and expel from his desirable situation the man who is very re- ligious, and lives in a catholic manner ? God has chosen him, and has sent him hither that he may serve him in a horniitical habit ; the Abbot is moreover venerable, magni- ficent, and exalted, whoever injures him, unless he amends, he will perish for ever. Take care therefore lest thou dost perish, let thy harshness henceforward do no injuries. LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 475 Goliath was formerly very strong, yet humble childhood overcame the most valiant, he made use of a spear, and a sword, but David a sling of the smallest value ; the young boy trusting to the highest conqueror, became victorious by confiding to the cast of a sling with his hands. So Illtyd, a most humble servant of God, trusted, that he might con- vince by humility while he remained here, and that he might have a firm situation; he did not fight with visible arms, he contended better with invincible virtues. Being a virtuous man, he was not timid in the contest ; armed with justice he drove away his enemies, ; no one in all Bri- tain was more holy than the most blessed present person, because he lived regularly according to the monkish rule. Many persons were called together through his conversa- tion ; it was both a refuge and a support ; as a pillar sup- porting a standing house. His protection was inviolable with kings, and princes in this kingdom ; kings and princes obeyed his document ; popular subjects adbei-ed to his. ad- vice ; peaceful and more gentle than a tame pigeon, he gave light as a most bright candlestick, and as a lamp." 10. Of the exciting of the King, and grant given for inhabitation. These things having been said, and the king corrected by the angel from his wickedness, when he awaked, mention- ed such words as the following to those who heard them, " Servant of God, the most blessed Illtyd, I grant to thee that solitude freely, as a high and heavenly retribution ; I have seen a vision useful to us both, an angel's voice com- manding that thou oughtest not by any means to leave this valley. As long as I reign, I shall not oifend thee ; thou mayest most freely hold this parish, appoint farmers over all the land, for the soil to be cultivated, and none is more fertile throughout the country ; abundance of corn lands for harvests, and places flowing with honey, and what were fragrant were seen among the flowers; Italy is fertile, aboundino: in corn, this is more abundant, and more mode- 476 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. rate without its great heat ; too much cold does not des- troy the corn, and superfluous heat does not parch the fruits by hastening to ripen them at an unsuitable time, the reapers rejoice being better off than the reapers of Italy. Rejoice ye who live in such land, ye ought to re- joice, so I foretel, for innumerable persons will rejoice in thy conversation; a conversation so profitable was not in those parts ; thou wilt preach and direct the wanderers to heavenly doctrines ; magistral care has been granted to thee by the Pontiff; this I will also grant and confirm to thee by royal concession. This school shall be venera- ble ; tributaries and all natives shall serve thee ; many will flow from divers places and be instructed in the liberal sciences ; although thou art now unknown, thou wilt become known, and I will make thee known, and thou wilt rejoice." Then the modest holy Illtyd did not more rejoice, but holding himself moderately, he gave thanks to the Almighty God ; and willingly accepting what the king had offered, he besought the divine clemency that it would deign to have mercy to indulgence Avitli respect to the crimes of those who had loved him. After the angel had said those things, and the king was ap- peased fi-om anger by the angelic correction ; he returned to his court, magnifying and praising the almighty power of the supreme Creator through the miracles which ho had seen. 11. Of nis MODE of husbandry, and tde numerousness OP UIS FAMILY. Therefore the venerable abbot Illtyd being disturbed by no one, remained peaceably ; he cultivated, and sowed, he reaped, and lived by his own labour ; he appointed farming workmen for the fields of agriculture; he multiplied the seeds, they repaid his labours with great profit. He fed the poor ; he clothed the naked, he visited the sick, and those who were in prison. He had a hundred persons in his family, and as many workmen and clergy, and a hun- LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYl). 477 dred poor persons daily, his hospitality was most ready, it never being denied to those who needed it. He gave largely whatsoever was put in his hands, not recommending it to be kept by any persons. There was no injurious ele- vation in his full flowing breast, but rather humility, kind- ness, and spotless religion. Many scholars flowed to him, of the number of which were these four, namely Samson, Paulinus, Gildas, and David ; being learned they studied deeply, and many others like them. 12. Op niS RECEIVING ECCLESIASTICAL ORDERS, AND ELEVATION TO THE ABBACY. His property having increased to a suitable competency, and having received the ecclesiastical orders, and also had the monkish order through holiness and favour, the venera- rable abbot constituted fifty canons, Mho at suitable times, and on appointed hours should visit the church, having each of them his prebend, namely, his estate, Avith advantages, which were given by the people for keeping their souls in remembrance. Annual tribute was given to the abbot, and what was granted, he divided by common custom ; annual feasts were also prepared for him, and he invited a multi- tude of the poor to partake of what was provided, amongst whom he constantly ordered it to be distributed, until what had been given was disposed of. 13. Op the breaking op an enbankment, the rushing in, and receding OF the sea, and the rising op a fountain by Saint Illtyd. The aforesaid place, consisting of a field surrounded on all sides by plains, with an intermediate grove, pleased the inhabitant, yet the frequent overflowing of the sea, and the approach of the river to his cemetery aflilicted him. Therefore being moved by gi-ief and fear, he built, in order to prevent its proceeding farther, and covering the whole valley, a very large embankment of mud mixed with stones, which would keep back the rushing of the waves that used to overflow beyond measure, the river only having room to flow 478 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. to the sea. After the work was completed, the force of the waves l)roke the embankment ; he built it a second time, and the waves again broke it; he rebuilt it a third time, but repeating the work did not prevail, and it became ruin- ous; Saint Illtyd therefore grieved, and said as follows, "I will not live here any longer; I much wished it, but troubled with this marine molestation, it is not in my pow- er ; it destroys my buildings, it flows to the oratory, which Ave built with great labour," He invoked the heavenly protector, and prayed for his assistance, that he might not leave the convenient place which he had chosen. AVhen he intended to depart on the morrow, on the pre- ceding night, as he slept soundly, an angelic voice spoke to him as follows. " I command thee, and I forbid thee to leave the place which thou art desirous to forsake, for God is not willing that thou shouldst depart from this valley, because thy prayers have been heard by the supreme Audi- tor, who delivers all who trust in him, and pray to him, and he will deliver thee from this injurious, and troublesome calamity. To-morrow, when thou gocst from the oratory, take with thee thy staff, and go quickly to the raging sea, which thou shalt drive back by the divine virtue of thy menacing staff, for it will fly from thee continually, without flowing back to its accustomed places, as a runaway flies from a pursuing enemy." Therefore he went early in the uTorning to the fluctuating sea, as the angel had commanded him in his sleep ; he began to proceed, the sea began to recede, as if it were a sensible animal, and the waves be- came quiet, and there was a station on the shore. When therefore the shore was dry, he struck it with his staff, and thereupon immediately flowed a very clear fountain, which is also beneficial for curing diseases, and which continues to flow without a falling off; and what is more wonderful, al- though it is near the sea, the water emitted is pure. These things being done, the very blessed Illtyd, kneeling, prayed to the heavenly Lord, saying, " Í request of thee, supreme Creator, and the giver of all good, who dost confirm what LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 479 thou givest with increase, that this bank may be the boun- dary of the sea, and that it may not return to where I have fixed my settled habitation, nor injure, nor disturb; here may it rest, and here may it remain a harbour for ships." It therefore took place, as he had requested, that the marsh became dry land, and was useful for agriculture ; and what was not arable, the clergy had plenty of meadow land, and pasture for cattle. Then the chosen servant of God returned and gave thanks to Almighty God ; and lived quietly and prosperously, free from disturbance, which through the vir- tue of God, and the prayer of the most holy lUtyd, Avas found faultless, and did not any more plague or injure him ; and he said the following words respecting the miraculous operation. "Now I can dwell here, I will not go away; I will not, for the sea will not disturb me; the neighbour- hood being overcome, it has departed ; therefore I was too fearful, at present there is no cause for fear, I will build, as it is a business not to be dreaded." 14. Of the complaint of birds plucking the corn which was in the care of keepers. In the autumnal season, and the harvest approaching, the birds began to pluck the corn of Saint Illtyd, and to leave the ears almost empty ; which being discovered, the Saint grieved for his loss, and ordered his scholars that they should every day, in their turn, watch the corn, by constantly throwing stones with a sling throughout the day. But the disciple Samson, when his turn came, was de- sirous from good will to observe his master's command, and he kept it as well as he could, but he was not able to keep the corn safe and untouched ; he therefore sought divine ad- vice and assistance, whereby he might shut up the multitude of birds, for otherwise he could not defend the corn from those which came from a distance to injure it. He consulted with himself, and inspired with divine counsel, found out what ought to be done, and divine power was given him 480 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. to drive the birds from the corn, so as to be without them. They attempted to fly, but with all their endeavours they were not able ; the benevolent Samson seeing such things, compelled them to go before him, as tamed animals, of their own accord. Being driven, they came to the door, and the door being opened, they entered the barn, as horses or sheep, those jireceding going before those that followed; as sheep or horses they gently proceeded ; the birds were Avell confined, without a net keeping them; and divine power, which holds the stars, tamed them. They sang in lamenting, they fasted by being hungi-y, they sang mournful songs in the prison which they deserved ; there was lamen- tation in this company for the liberty which was requested ; they repented that they had done injury to the corn; Illtyd liberated the flocks that were hurt by being shut up; and they did not injure him any more after the performance of this miracle.^ 15. Op the election of Samson to a Bishop, and rising of a foun- tain FROM his tears, AND THE CONVEYANCE OF HIS BODY BY DIVINE DIRECTION. After this miracle became every where known, mes- sengers came from Brittany to elect Samson, a most noble young man and immaculate in all his life, and when elected to be appointed bishop of Dôl, and also to ask leave from his master Illtyd for him to depart, on account of the con- fidential clemency which he had towards his countrymen, for the aforesaid church was at that time in want of a bishop. He being asked, and invited would not refuse; and resolved to go vnth the messengers, but with lamen- tation and shedding of tears, as he preferred to live subject to the authority of a master, than to enjoy episcopal hon- our in the height of an ecclesiastical see. Whilst he re- 'Sec Life of Samson. I.ibcr Landavcusis, nago 291.— Several particulars «tatod which arc there omitto.l. LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 481 maiiied a little while in the upjier part of the valley, talk- ing with his instructor about many past things before the separation from his society; and uttering his last words, and having separated, his tears began to flow, until they fell in a stream to the earth ; whence a fountain immediately arose, and running, flowed like a river, and was called by the name of the said wonderful Samson. Also on account of the eminent love which he had for his most dear Teacher, he ordered his body to be brought after his death to the monastery of Saint lUtyd, and buried in his common and delightful cemetery. These things being so done, they went to Dubricius, bishop of the church of Llandaff, that he might receive from him the first ecclesiastical orders, and deaconship. And whilst he was ordained, there appeared to Dubricius and the abbot Illtyd, a pigeon whiter than snow, sitting on the head of the young man at his ordina- tion. Having been ordained, he sailed to Brittany, and was elevated to the episcopal see, according to the catholic mode of appointment. And after the end of his life, his body was placed in a coffin, which moved, and a strong wind raised it, and by divine power carried it in the softest manner to the sea. Then it passed over the waves, as a duck, and arrived like a sailing ship safe and prosperously in the harbour of Illtyd. The Lord performed that which he wished to have done, for he had promised respecting his body, that it should be carried, and buried in that cemetery. Some persons seeing those things, and observing the odori- ferous coffin, informed Saint Illtyd of the wonderful thing they had seen ; and he remembering the last words of his beloved Samson respecting his body, wept and prayed, and with sorrow hastened to the harbour of the sea ; then the body being received, and honourably conveyed by the clergy, was placed in the middle of quadrangular stones, which were standing upright in the cemetery, a stone cross was fixed thereon, and painted under the episcopal vestment ; whose soul rests free from future suffering. 482 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 16. Of the visit op the wife of Saint Illtyd, and her loss SIGHT, AND RECOVERY BY THE SAME SaINT. Formerly the wife of the blessed Illtyd, named Triniliid, a most chaste ^voman, passed her life with the chastity of a divorce from her husband, and desired no conjugal inter- course, such was the intention that was endeavoured to be observed, such was the occujjation of her mind. She was constant in prayer, moderate in her discourse, and intent on every good work. Christ was her consolatioli, Christ was her food every day ; every day she satisfied her hunger with barley bread and water, she refused dainties, she tasted no delicious food, love of the Holy Trinity was her delight, which she intimately loved. She liked mountain solitude, and chose to dwell there ; there she built an habitation, and founded an oratory, where she prayed most ikithfully to the Lord her redeemer ; she prayed constantly, she was found blameless, and irreprehensible in her conversation, and continued to live devoutly, comforting innumerable widows and poor nuns in their proceedings. However she wished to visit Saint Illtyd, and undertook a journey for the purpose ; and she saw him a laborious digger whose face was dirty from constant working, and which had also become narrow from leanness. She re- quested to have agreeable discourse from him, but her re- quest was displeasing for him to hear ; being asked he re- turned no answer, he would not see her, nor be seen, nor hear her discourse, nor be heard. She saw his mean dress, saw him clothed with hair cloth and skins, and not as she had seen him before, an elegant soldier ; through an impro- per visit she lost her sight ; she grieved much because she lost it deservedly. Saint Illtyd being asked, he implored comfort from the Lord, whereby she might recover her former sight ; and his prayers were heard, and she saw clearly ; and she afterwards returned, as she had done be- fore, affected with paleness as if she had suflFered from a LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 483 fever. Therefore she remained in the aforesaid place, and never again visited Saint Illtyd, because she would not dis- please God, and the most beloved by God. 17. Of the governor Cyflym, who melted like wax before the fire, BECAUSE HE HAD OFFENDED IlLTYD. Meirchion, king of Glamorgan, had a malicious superin- tendent, named Cyflym, which in English signifies Very Acute, who by his conduct really fulfilled the name by which he was called, for he most sharply accused his sub- jects to king Meirchion that they destroyed his property, and he protected none who ought to be protected ; his super- intendence was hateful to all, his whole life was abomina- ble. He frequently ofíended the Abbot Illtyd, and also displeased his clergy ; many things which he unjustly took away he stated to have been required by his master, when he was ignorant thereof, and had not given any orders, whereby he incurred the anger of every body ; and all per- sons spoke ill of him, and he was most rigid against those who found fault with his evil deeds. He exalted himself, by governing for another; he even restrained himself to be mischievous, for he loved wickedness ; he therefore who is exalted by evil doing is restrained, and kept back ; be- ing retained in danger, it would profit him to govern rightly; he did not direct, whilst he himself injured him Avho in the first place ought to govern and direct. Therefore he de- served to suffer whilst he caused the saint to be afilicted, Avho although he was injured by the malicious man, be- haved peaceably; but God the supreme avenger, caused him to melt like wax softened and rendered liquid by the heat of fire : and so, for not appearing to leave oíF all further malice, for he wished to render tributary the holy and most free Illtyd, and for him to send his tribute to the royal castle. And the man of the greatest liberty would not of his own accord suffer these things, nor allow so great an in- jury, nor be angry ; but he uttered diligent prayers that 484 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. God would grant indulgence to the malicious person ; for lie endeavoured to fulfil the evangelical precept which thus says, " Pray for those who persecute, and speak evil of you," and again, "Blessed are they who suffer persecution for riirhtcousness' sake." 17. Op the plight op the man op God to a cave, on account of the PERSECUTION OP KING MeIRCHION. The sacrilegious superintendent having melted away, king Äleirchion was moved with great fury, and was desirous to slay the innocent Illtyd, and destroy the place and the clergy, as he greatly repented his having given the desert to be a dwelling place, for he would rather that the beasts should dwell there than the elect servants of God serving in honour of the holy and undivided Trinity. He quickly took arms, and ordered his soldiers to be anned, and they proceeded together to the holy place to take revenge on the chief, and the inhabitants of the place. These things being heard, the very blessed Illtyd avoided both the mali- cious company, and the clamouring people who were an impediment to his prayers. He wished to go to some dis- tance on the earth, but he dreaded to be enquired after and found ; and being found to be brought back unwilling- ly to the abbacy. He sought every where for some dry secret place, where he might hide his face ; by enquiring he came at last to the margin of the river Ewenny, where he saw a very secret cave. And having seen it, he entered and dwelt in it for the space of a year, and also three days, and three nights ; he lay every night on a cold stone as he desired, and so fulfilling in himself the enjoined penance ; as if he should say, " This stone is placed for a bed under my breast ; this is my delight, I will lie with the protec- tion of the supreme Deity, the blessed reward that will como to me blessed, will be delightful ; what remains in lioavon will bo given to me when I will return." LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 485 19. Of the heavenly food in the cave, and the common lamen- tation AFTER IlLTYD, AND OP A BeLL SENT TO HIM BY SAINT David, sounding by divine direction, and op his RETURN from the CAVE TO THE MONASTERY. Therefore the blessed Illtyd prayed constantly, and fasted daily; and on every ninth hour, a loaf of barley bread was sent him from heaven, and also a portion of a fish, wherewith he was refi-eshed. After a moderate meal he visited a neighbouring fountain, procuring the water for himself with the hollow of his hands : So Paul and An- tonius the first hermits obtained their draughts; then he returned to the cave, taking care that no one should see him going into it. He was sought for with diligent enqui- ries in the groves, and in the woods, and in the hiding- places in the vallies, and was not found ; as long as he thus lay hid, the chief persons grieved, not knowing Avhat was become of him, and the poor and the widows miserably la- mented, saying, "Who will be our protection? Who will drive away our need with a liberal breast ?" He gave liberal- ly, and denied no one, he affectionately administered assis- tance to those who asked for it, and was the support of all the needy ; he condoled with those who grieved, and re- joiced with those who were joyful ; he incessantly made known the apostolical documents by multiplying the seed a hundred times ; he afforded great relief to those who were about to be punished, and had been punished, by re- deeming them by prayer and fasting, and liberal gifts; if he is alive in this world, he is kept in some subterraneous pri- son ; if he is dead, we wish that he may live in eternal rest." Whilst they said these and many other things, a certain person passed by who was a messenger of Gildas the historian, carrying a brazen bell, which was made by the said Gildas, to be brought to Saint David a bishop, as a present in memory of former acquaintance and friendship ; and as he passed by the cave, which was near the public road, the bell sounded without being moved by any human being. 486 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. And Illtyd hearing the sweet sound, came to the person •who carried the bell, and proved the sweetness of its sound by moving it three times, and enquired of him where he was going, and from whom he carried the beautiful bell, which was more valuable than gold. Who, answering, said, "I am going, and do carry this bell to Saint David, by the order of the celebrated Gildas." Having mentioned this, he de- parted, and came to the valley of INIenevia, and presented the bishop with the gift. When given, he moved the bell, but from the motion given, it returned no sound j and the bishop being surprized at the wonderful circumstance, enquired of the messenger whether it had been moved and proved by any one on the way as he came. He being asked, men- tioned what had happened, as above related, and the bishop believing it to be truly told, said, " I know that our master Illtyd Avished to possess it, on account of the sweetness of its sound, but he would not ask for it, having heard that it was sent to me as a gift fi-om Gildas ; but the Lord is not willing that I should have it, return therefore to the cave without delay, and give to Saint Illtyd the aforesaid article, Avhich he wished to have." The messenger then returned to Illtyd, and executed the bishop's orders, and left there its solitary inhabitant who received the frequent visits of angels. Afterwards the messenger mentioned in the monastery what he had seen, and what had hajipened to him. Those things being heard, the inhabitants of the monastery gladly M-ent to the aforesaid place, and there found their most dear abbot ; the brethren rejoiced on finding their most religious abbot ; and he rejoiced with the knowledge that they could not find him, nor he return, but by divine direction. All the neighbouring inhabitants gave thanks for tlie return of their master, saying as follows, "We were sorrowful, and not cheerful ; being free from all adver- sity and danger, we fear nothing on account of our master who is to be feared, with this refuge no one will dare to nijure us under such a master : kings and princes will obey LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 487 the virtuous prince ; tliat place shall be the principal, and above other places of this township : om* joys lay hid in an obscure cave; they do not pass through the bounds without past sorrow ; that cave is not dark, but full of light : for while Illtyd dwelt therein, it did not fail to shine with angelic splendour." Of the very wicked Cepygid, superintendent of kino Meirchion, whom marshy land swallowed. In the mean time he peaceably governed the abbacy, ad- monishing the brethren, and all persons in general with res- pect to true religion, praying and fasting in times appropriate for the purpose. But a certain superintendent, named Cefygid, began to oppose and offend the saint and clergy, very frequently driving their cattle from the pastures, and confining them within doors. He confined cattle for three days, perversely refusing to take bail from their possessors; and when released, leanness appeared on their sides, nor "was it to be wondered at that they had become thin, after being without food for three days. Therefore Illtyd was very often offended by this very injurious superintendent ; yet he would not curse him, but was accustomed rather to bless him for his frequent persecutions and injuries, praying that he might amend, and be converted from this iniquity, lest when very wicked he might end his life in the path of malice. But the supreme heavenly Judge seeing that he would not amend what he was doing wrong, caused that the marshy land should swallow him, and that his wicked spirit should undergo the torments his works deserved. That marsh hitherto remains visible to human sight, as a sign of the punishment of a malefactor for his evil deeds. 21. Of the exciting of the anger of the mad king Meirchion, WHOM the earth SWALLOWED. King Meirchion full of madness, hearing that such a misfortune had, to his loss, happened to his confidential 488 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD, superintendent, gi-ievecl, and being angry, was desirous to proceed against Illtyd, and either kill him, or expel him altogether from his dominions. He put on his arms as a warlike soldier for the purpose of fighting ; he quickly rode from the castle to the gate of the city ; and whilst he there remained, ready to commit murder as he had often done before, the earth swallowed up the Avicked man, not any more to be seen by his acquaintance ; and his spirit in or- der to be punished, went where the souls of unjust men are tormented without remedy. After some space of time, Saint Illtyd being troubled by the multitude of persons coming to him, and disturbed in his prayers, went on that account to the cave of Lingarch ; where he remained for the space of three years, watching and praying, and every ninth hour he received heavenly food brought to him by an angel and placed on a rock in the inside, where he saw the venerable miracle. 22. Of the Miracle seen in the cave of Garth. On a certain day as he sat at the mouth of the cave, he saw a small ship proceeding, and approaching the shore, that it might come to the sea side, and he beheld two very respectable persons rowing in the ship, and an altar divinely sujiported on the front of the ship. And Saint Illtyd went to meet it, and with gladness uttered words of salutation ; and they after a short conversation gave to Illtyd the per- fumed body of a certain very holy man, mentioning his name, and after mentioning it, forbad him ever to publish it ; and having consigned the body to the blessed Illtyd, they returned. These things having taken place, he brought the body, with the altar which was on the face of the very holy man, and honourably buried it in the cave, with the altar placed over the body, as it had been before supported by divine poMer ; through which, many miracles Avere per- formed on account of its holiness. LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 489 23. Of two robbers changed into two stones. On a certain night, two robbers stole several pigs which belonged to Saint Illtycl, and driving them from their pig-sty, went to the woods ; and thinking that they took the right path, deviated from it in the night, and wandered until they returned with the pigs to the place where they had left, about break of day. The drove of pigs being weary, rested until the third hour, and the swine-herd wondered at the long sleep of the pigs. After having taken their rest, they went as usual for their food ; and on the approach of night they went to their pig-sty ; when the same wicked persons, of whom we have spoken, again came, and driving away the pigs from the place, went off with them ; then they wan- dered as before to a distant mountain, losing their way as ignorant persons, and as if they had never been acquainted with the right road for travelling. At length, being wrong, they ignorantly returned to the aforesaid place, for it then happened to them the same as before ; but the heavenly King and supreme Corrector seeing that those wicked persons would not refrain from their wickedness, changed their bodies into stones, and permitted their spirits as they de- served, to go to infernal punishment. This memorable mi- racle is believed by posterity ; for hitherto the place of tlie pig-sty is seen, and has the name of Illtyd ; and there are also to be seen two immoveable stones under the name of two robbers, and it is believed that the robbers were changed into those hard stones ; they deserved to have witnesses of their wickedness, and so called, they remain ; for the drove of pigs the bodies of both were changed, and they are in snow, rain, and hail, without life. 24. Of the three granaries, the abundance op whose corn was CARRIED FROM BRITAIN TO LETAVIA, OR BrITTANY, WHICH WAS FORMERLY CALLED ARMORICA. The most blessed Illtyd being desirous to visit the church of Saint Michael, in JMonte Tumba, had in his possession 490 I-IFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. three barns full of corn before his departure, and ordered his superintendants that all the corn should be thrashed, and being thrashed without his knowing it, should be re- served and kept until his return from Brittany. The order ofthe master was complied with, and his desire for visiting was completed ; after visiting, he set out on liis return, and in returning, he saw men almost dead with hunger, and unless they were assisted would soon die. Being afflicted on seeing such want, he grieved and prayed to the heavenly Assistant that they might be succoured. His prayers were heard in the heavenly hall, and the aforesaid corn was di- vinely carried, as in his prayers he wished it to be carried, and was afterwards found on the shore in the harbour of Brittany. He fed all Brittany, and also suppHed the agri- culturists with seed corn ; they magnified him, they gave thanks to their succourer, by whose prayers they were pro- tected from dreadful famine. Then he returned by sailing over the Gallic sea, all persons standing on the shore, and unanimously wishing him a prosperous passage ; there was not a happier arrival in Brittany, the citizens wished him not to return, but to remain in that country ; yet he would not stay although so much desired, and he chose to dwell in Britain, although an exile from his paternal ancestors. When the time approached, in which the Lord had de- creed to remunerate the labours of his beloved, the blessed Illtyd, with the hundred fold recompence promised to his elect, he again returned, by the divine direction we think, to his native country, namely Letavia, which w^e call Lesser Britain. And there at the city of Dól, having completed the days fixed for him by his own Creditor, who has appointed to mortals the bomids which they themselves cannot determine, and well performed the virtues, and eminent for his miracles, and celebrated for his signs and wonders, he commended his body to the earth, and his spirit to the Lord on the eighth of the Ides of November ;^ and 'riiore is 2n inscribed monument commemorative of Saint nityd, at Lantwit Majcii (tlamorganshirc, called Hllyd's Cross, and is situated on the north side ofthe churclijaiil LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. 491 completing- his mournful existence, and born to perpetual and heavenly life, and rejoicing that he should live for ever, he passed over to the Lord, to whom is honour and power, and government throug-hout all asfes. Amen. 25. Op the plunder being returned, and the quality op the horses. Edgar, king of the English, being excited with raging fury, marched his army on account of the disobedient men of Glamorgan, and bringing it to the country, violated the territories of the saints, and their very temples, and left no village inviolate throughout the country. Therefore in this invasion, the bell of Saint lUtyd was taken from his church, and carried by a plunderer to England; as the army was returning, it was placed and tied about the neck of one of the horses, which in the Golden Mount, excelled in the re- gal and knightly herd. It was called The Golden Mount on account of an army being there assembled and stationed, which glittered with golden clothing and armour. At the hour of noon when the king rested in the tent fixed on the plain ground, and the very great plunder was divided, it Mas seen by the king that some cruel soldier had pierced his breast with a lance, and after the piercing he was seen by no one; with great grief he revealed what he saw, and whilst all denied that they saw anything, he confirmed what was seen by him. Therefore he knew that he was culpa- ble and a plunderer ; and being repentant, he commanded the sacrilegious army to restore to God and the most holy Illtyd all the plunder, and he jM-omised future amendment; he also built a church in honour of the same saint, and granted to those who served therein the territory in which he stood. It consists of a flat stone elaborately carved, and wi height above the ground is six feet three inches, and i bottom, and one foot ten inches at the top. On the western side it has inscribed in the several compartments, Crdx Iltuti Samson redis. Samuel egisab, for excisor. Samuel being the name of the sculptor : and on the eastern side is Samson posuit hanc CRUCEM IRO ANMIA (instead of a.mma) EJL'S. — Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of Wales. 492 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. And tliis amendment was beneficial to his spirit, for he departed from this life on the ninth day, punished for his wickedness. In the mean time, the aforesaid horse carry- ing the bell, went before all who there remained, and no one driving him he proceeded to the western side, all the eqestrian herd following the SAveet sound of the bell ; it being strange and wonderful to hear and see so great a mi- racle. And more wonderful than this, that he was able to pass- the Severn ; and come to this bank without suifering any loss ; the great collection of horses followed the sound and liked to hear it, being full of sweetness. Then hasten- ing along the shore, and over the mountains, and through the woods, he came to the road which went towards Glamor- gan, all the horses hearing, and following the sweet sound. Whilst therefore the horses came to the banks of the river Taf, the sound of the bell was heard by a clergyman, whereupon he rejoiced, and came to meet the horse which went before him, and carried the little bell to the gate of the church of Saint Illtyd. And when he brought it, he there punctually placed it, loosed from his neck, and it fell on a stone, from which fall, a part of it was broken, which is to be seen un- til the present day, in memory of the eminent miracle. Then glorious psalmody was sung in the choir, and there was much exultation for this miracle. Each of the numerous canons had a horse, but there was an unsettled disjiute respecting that which was the best, one of them said, " It is mine ;" another mentioned, " I will not allow such a choice to be made;" a third affirmed, "saying, "Ye shall not thus fulfil your own Avish, of your own accord." This contention continued without being settled until the morrow, and near- ly caused the murder of many. On the second day of the arrival of the equestrian herd, a clergyman came forward to (listrihute the horses equally and peaceably; and when he distributed them, he observed that they were all equal, and that no one was more excellent than the other; then a dis- tribution was made with concord, and the clergy were pleased with tlic pacific termination of the business. In this LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. • 493 manner, for the love of Illtyd, God restored the stolen bell, and all the plunder to his most holy church. 26. Op the victory op the Clergy op Saint Illtyd over the Out- laws, AND IN the Castle op Meirchion. When William, king of England, reigned over Britain, and prince Robert Fitzhammon reigned over Glamorgan, the Northern Britons began fiercely to resist the king, and the Southern afterwards, by common and firm confederacy laid waste and burnt towns and castles. The enemy came from the woods to injure the English and Norman citizens; they laid waste, and returned to their distant mountains and woods with immense plunder. In the mean time an army was raised amongst the Welsh, of about three thousand armed horsemen and foot soldiers, to lay waste and burn Glamorgan. This being heard to be a hostile incursion, the clergymen of Saint Illtyd and his parishioners fortified themselves with a hedge and ditch firmly built on the sea- side ; and thus protected, he endeavoured to secure his money by such defence ; this being done, the enemy came incautiously before the gate by night, for if they had come by day, they would have gained the victory. A nocturnal fight therefore took place between the armies on both sides, until several fell dead from the casting of stones and the piercing of lances, and many others being wounded, condoled with each other, wailing in the contest. Whilst these things M^ere taking place, thick sparks fre- quently appeared in the air between the church of Saint Illtyd, and the castle of king Meirchion, near where was the war, and they shone bright like lightning, and angelic signs appeared to protect the catholic peoisle. As much the more as the armies opposed each other, so much the more ardently did the fiery signs shine in the sky : The refuge of God and of Saint Illtyd was violated, therefore three thou- sand men were overcome before the castle by a smaller number ; unarmed women administered arms to those who 494 LIFE OF SAINT ILLTYD. fought, weak boys were busily engaged inside, the shields Avere broken by stones cast against them ; terrific outcries were uttered by the enemy, and but few escaped having bloody faces ; for divine virtue A^as there present when few persons on the inside put to flight, and overcame three thousand. The ascent to triumph might have been easy, but brave Illtyd would not grant such an ascent ; had they fought by day-light they would have easily prevailed ; but the supreme Light, the true light would not grant this ; there is neither virtue nor vigour where malice remains ; this was clearly proved when the multitude from the North were put to flight. — The End. i IX. fa üf lûint Ctjlii; HERE BEGINS THE LIFE OF SAINT CYBI,'-^ A BISHOP. Ä,^aÚtt Cybi,^ whose festival is celebrated on the eighth day ^ of November, that is ou the sixth of the Ides of No- vember, was one of the good servants of the heavenly Father. He was descended from the region of Cornwall, between the two rivers, Tamar and Limar, and his father was Solomon the son of Erbin, who was the son of Geraint the son of Lud. His father was a military chieftain, but he was brought up at school.* 1 From the Cott. MSS. in the British Museum, A. XIV. ^ Cybi is pronounced KithOi/. ^ St. Cybi was the son of Selyf ab Geraint ab Erbin, and his mother was Gwen the daughter of Gynyr of Caer-gawch, and sister of Non, mother of Saint Dajfid, so that he was the cousin and contemporary of St. David, though apparently some years younger. St. Cybi is mentioned as having been present at the synod of Brevi, and it may be said that the memory of his presence is preserved in the name of the church of Llangybi,in the immediate neighbourhood of Llanddewibrevi. He was also the founder of Llarigybi, near Caerleon, which confirms the probabiUty that he was acquainted with Saint David. But he is more immediately distinguished as the founder of a religious society at Caergybi, or Holyhead in Anglesey, over which he was president. The anachronism which places him in the fourth century, and makes him acquainted with St. Hilary, bishop of Poictiers, may be attributed to the circumstance that one of his contemporary saints in that Island, was Elian, a name given by the Welsh also to St. Hilary; for in the Welsh calendar. Saint Hilary is called Elian Esgob. Besides the churches already mentioned, St. Cybi was the founder of Llangybi in Carnarvonshire. — Professor Rees's Essay on the Welsh Saints, pp. 162, 266. * The genealogy of this Saint, as here given, difi'ers from all the Achau Saint, accord- ing to which, he was the son of Selyf ap Geraint ap Erbin ap Cystennyn Gorneu. From the name of his ancestor, Cystennyn Gorneu, i. e. Constantine of Cornwall, our saint is ge- nerally represented as a native of the county now so called ; this however is not so certain, the name being equivocal, for there was certainly a district so called in what is now tiie the countv of Hereford, over which reigned a prince, or petty king, Constantine the father 496 LIFE OF SAINT CYBI. The blessed Cybi was seven years old when he began to read; afterwards he was in his own country for twenty years; then he went a journey to Jerusalem to worship the sepulchre of our Lord; afterwards he was with the most blessed Hilary, bishop of Poictiers/ and there he was fifty years, where he gave sight to the blind, and cleansed the lepers, and cured the paralytic, and the dumb, the insane and the demoniacs. Afterwards he received the episcopal degree from bishop Hilary; then he was admonished by the angel of the Lord to return to his own country, and there he was a short space of time. And he was asked Whether he would be the king of the Cornishmen, but he would not accept the power of the present world. And he went to his country with his ten disciples, who were Maelog, Li- biau, Peulan, Cyngar and others." Afterwards Cybi came to the region of Edelygion,^ and in law of Pebiau king of Erging, as we are told in the Liber Landavensis. Pebiau was tlie father of Eurddyl, the mother of Dubritius, as we learn from the same authority, and Constantine, or Cystennyn Gorneu, of the Liber, would appear to have been living in the latter part of the fifth or beginning of the sixth century, corresponding in era with the ancestor of Cybi. There was also a district in Monmouthshire called Cornwall, (Cerny w) in which, by the way, is a place called to this day Gelly-weg, a name which occurs in the romance of Arthur, as the residence of a bishop, which may be sought for in vain in the west of England. Likewise there was another Cornwall in Armorica. — W. What would appear equivocal, in the similarity of the above names, as pointed out by Mr. Wakeman, is however easily explained, by allowing Cystennyn Gomeu and Cystennyn Fendigaid, king Arthur's grandfather, to be one and the same person ; — whicli, from a comparison of ancient Genealogies, Romances, and History, would appear to be the case. The similarity of names in various localities would therefore mark the territorial posses- sions of that Cornish Dynasty. — Ed. 1 The mother of Cybi, was Gwen, daughter of Gynyr of Caergawch; he was therefore first cousin to Saint David, although perhaps some years younger; according to this legend he was contemporary with Maelgwn Gwynedd, all which prove that he flourished in the sixth century, and not in the fourth, which he must have done to have been consecrated by Saint Hilai^, Bishop of Poictiers, as stated in this legend, and other accounts of him. This anachronism, Rowlands and Professor Kees attribute to the circumstance that one of his contemporary saints was called Elian, a name which the Welsh also give to Saint Hi- lary. This is perhaps the best explanation that can be given of the origin of the mistake iw to the name, but it does not appear that Elian was a bishop, and therefore could not have consecrated our saint. — W. " The names of his disciples afford another proof of his true era. Maelog was a brother of Gildag, Libiau of whose parentage we know nothhig, is mentioned in the Liber Lan- davensis, page 446, in the tune of bishop Berthgwyn. Peulan was the son of Pawl Hen, the preceptor of Saint Davi.l, Teilo, and others: all three must have lived in the sixth cen- tury. All tliri I li i\r thru rliurches in Anglesea, which seems to show a connexion with r u' *'^'"' ' I- I !i If is an uncertainty, owing to there having been several ofthenamr. 1 , I , ,, ,.,,,,,, |„.„ mentioned could not be the same as the cousin of the »amt ment.oh, d ,„ ., nh,. .,,„ „t page.— W. ' Etholichcaun. or Edclygion, can be no other than Eddlogan in Gwcnt, the name be- ing so written, with some little difference, in the spelling in the records. This district was LIFE OF SAINT CYBI. 497 king Etelic was there living at the time. Saint Cybi went down into his meadows, and spread his tent there. And king EteHc sent a certain man to see who were the men who had got down to his meadow. That man returning said, "They are monks." And immediately Etelic arose with his household to eject the monks from his land ; and Etelic forthwith fell from his horse, and his horse immedi- ately died, and Etelic and all his household became blind. Then Etelic prostrated himself on his face, and gave his body and soul to God and Saint Cybi; and immediately by the prayer of Saint Cybi, the attendants of Etelic, and him- self, and horse were cured. Then Etelic gave for ever to Saint Cybi two churches, whereof one is Llangybi, and the other Llandaverguir;^ and there Cybi left a small vari- coloured hand-bell. Then Saint Cybi blessing king Etelic departed from thence to Menevia the city of Saint David, and there remained three days and three nights.^ From thence he sailed to Ireland, to the island of Arum, in which he resided four years, and there he built a church one of the Commots of the Cantrev of Wentlwg, and was fonnerly of much greater extent thaa the manor to which the name is at present confined. The etymology of this name is obscure ; if there is any dependance to be placed on this legend, it would seem to be derived from some petty prince of the name of Etelic, but no such person is noticed in the genealogies of the Gwentian reguli. In Sir John Price's description of Wales, pre- fixed to Wynne's history, it is called Eithaf-dylygion, of which the modern name Eddlogan may be the contraction. — W. ^ The church of Llangybi is well known, but the situation of Llandaverguir we can only conjecture. No such name is now known, nor am I satisfied of its import, which is probably descriptive. Of the existing churches in the neighbourhood, that of Panteg, the patron saint of which is unknown, may have been the one meant, but several churches or chapels in the district have been destroyed. Panteg is however the adjoining parish to Llangybi.— W. ^ His visit to Saint David shows that he was contemporary with that saint, whether rela- ted to him or not. Whitaker in his " Cathedral of Cornwall," abandons the relationship of Saint Cybi to Saint David, and in his usual positive manner asserts that he was the son of Selyf, a king of the Cornish Britons, and brother of Saint Melgan; and that he was born in 325, went to Gaul, and was there ordained, returned in 369, visited Ireland in 370, and settled in Anglesey in 370, all which appears to have no better foundation than the imagination of the learned author, to make him contemporary with Saint Hi- lary of Poietiers, and the assumed era of Melgan, which seems antedated by more than two centuries; for the mother of Melgan was Haurilla the daughter of Ruval, or Howel, prince,' not as the writer supposes of Devonshire in England, but of the Armorican dis- trict of the .same name, who was killed in in 524. This brings us back to the same period for the era of Cybi as before, and does not at all disprove the relationship between our saint and David, as it is probable enough that Selyf had two wives, one the mother of Cybi and the other of Melgan. — W. 4Ö8 LIFE ül' SAINT CYBI. in honour of Almighty God. And his cousin Cyngar^ be- ing an old man, Saint Cybi bought for him a cow with its calf, because, on account of his old age, he could not take any other food besides milk; and there his disciples bravely cultivated the land. It therefore happened that on a cer- tain day, one of the disciples of Saint Cybi, named JNIaelog, Avent to the door of the residence of Crubthir Fintam to dig the ground. And Crubthir Fintam being angry, came to forbid him, and said, " Do not dig the ground at the door of my residence." Then Saint Cybi and Fintam went out together to the abbot of the island of Arum, who was called Enna, and he made peace between them ; and it happened on a certain day that the calf of Cyngar's cow came to the corn-field of Crubthir Fintam, and the disciples of Crubthir Fintam came and took the calf, and tied it to a great tree. And Saint Cybi sent one of his disciples to Crubthir Fintam requesting that he might loosen the calf, and he would not loose it, for as yet Crubthir Fintam pre- severed in his anger. And Saint Cybi prayed to the Lord that the calf might come to its mother, for the old man Cyngar was almost dead for want of milk, for without the calf the cow would not give any milk. And the Lord heard the prayer of Saint Cybi, and sent the calf to its mother in a wonderful manner, with the tree to which it had been tied, and its roots. Then Crubthir Fintam prayed to the Lord that he might drive away, or destroy Saint Cybi from the island of Arum; but the Lord loved him, and an angel of the Lord came to Saint Cybi in his sleep, and said to him, "Go from this island to the eastern side." To which Saint Cybi answered saying, " May God destroy Crubthir Fintam from this island." And the angel said, « So shall it be." Then Saint Cybi came to the southern side of the region of Mida, and there remained forty days and forty nights, • Tho person here meant appears to be Cyngar ap Arthog ap Ceredig, although if the pedigrees be correct, he was not strictly speaking in the degree of relationship indicated, however ho was first cousin by the father to Saint David, and of coui-se his contemporary but older.— W. LIFE OF SAINT CYBI. 499 and he built there a church, which unto this clay is called the great church of Mochop. And Crubthir Fintam hear- ing that Saint Cybi dwelt there, came and said to him, " Go to another place, for that land is as yet mine." Then Saint Cybi fasted three days that God might show to him what he should therefore do. And an angel said to Saint Cybi, " Go to the East." And Saint Cybi did so, and came to the plain of Bregh, and remained there seven days. And Crubthir Fintam, still his enemy, came to him and said, " Go to another place." Then Saint Cybi said, " I pray to Almighty God that he may show to me what I shall do." To whom said the angel, "Go to the right side." And he did so, and came to the region of Vobyun, and there re- mained twelve days. Crubthir Fintam still followed him, and said to him, " Cybi, go beyond the sea." Then Saint Cybi being angry, said to him, " All thy churches are so much deserted that there are not three to be found in the island of Ireland where there is singing at thy altar. Then Saint Cybi sent his disciples to the wood, that they might cut down materials for a boat, which they immedi- ately did, and they built it; and the boat having been made, Crubthir Fintam came and said to them, " Enter into that boat without a skin-covering, if ye are servants of God." To whom Saint Cybi replied with a prophetic answer, say- ing, " God is wonderful in his saints, the God of Israel him- self, the blessed God, will give virtue and fortitude to his people." And Saint Cybi said to his disciples, " Place the boat upon the sea," and they placed it, and Saint Cybi, and his disciples entered the boat without a skin-covering, and immediately a raging tempest came on the sea, and his dis- ciples were much afraid, and Saint Cybi confidently prayed to God, at whose request God divided the rock into two, and the boat leaped up between the two rocks, and at length they landed in the island of Anglesey. There Saint Cybi struck the rock with his stick, and water immediately flowed. From thence Saint Cybi came to the place which is called 500 LIFE OF SAINT CYBI. Cyndaf, and there remained some time, and he said to one of his disciples, namely Caffo, "Go and bring us some fire." And Caffo went to the house of a certain smith, named Alagwrn; and Magwrn asked the disciple, " From whence didst thou come ? " The disciple answered, " I came from my master Cybi," and Magwrn asked him, " What would he have." To which the disciple answered, " I wish to have fire." and JMagwrn said, " I will not give fire to thee, unless thou wilt carry it in thy bosom." And Caffo said, " Place the fire in my bosom." And Magwrn placed it, and im- mediately Caffo returned to his master Cybi, caiTying the fire placed in his bosom without even the hem of his shirt being burnt. At that time king INIaelgWTi^ reigned over the provinces of North Wales ; and it happened that on a certain day he went out to the mountains for the purpose of hunting, when he saw a she goat, and he excited his hound to catch it; then the goat ran swiftly to the cottage of Saint Cybi for the sake of shelter; and Saint Cybi said to his disciple Caffo, " Depart from me, we cannot be together," And he came to a town, which at present is called JNIerthyr Caffo, and there the shepherds of Rosiwr killed Caffo; and therefore the blessed Cybi cursed the shepherds of Rosiwr, with their mistress. And the she-goat found shelter, and king ^Mael- gwn followed it unto the cottage of Cybi, and the king said to him, " Let the goat go aAvay," and Cybi said, " I will not let it go, unless thou wilt save its life." And the king l)eing angry said, " If thou wilt not let it go away, I will remove thee from that land." And the blessed Cybi said, " It is not in thy power to remove me from the land, but it is in the power of God, yet I will let loose the goat to thee, if thou wilt sacrifice it to Almighty God, and give to Maelgwn Gwynedd, who is said to have died in ifiO, but probably a few years later. The story is consistent all through, as it proves the era of Cybi to have been the latter part of the sixth century, from his several contemporaries mentioned. Excepting his con- secration by Saint Hilary of Poictiers, which must be a mistake, and abating the miracn- lous parH of the relation, it probably gives a correct outline of the life and labours of the LIFE OF SAINT CYBI. 501 me the land which thy hound has gone about." And the king said, " I -will willingly sacrifice it." And Saint Cybi let loose the goat, and the hound followed it through all the promontory, and it returned again to the cottage of Saint Cybi. And afterwards there arose a contest between king Maelgwn and Saint Cybi; but he could not resist the ser- vant of God. And therefore he granted his castle to Al- mighty God, and holy Cybi, as an offering of perpetual alms, ■who there slept with Christ in great honour, on the sixth of the Ides of November. And a multitude of angels came, and took his most holy soul to heaven, to be in the company of the patriarchs and prophets, in the unity of the apostles and evangelists, in the unity of the martyrs and confessors, in the unity of the virgins and all the righteous saints, and in the unity of the heavenly church; where there is day without night, tran- quillity without fear, and joy without end, where there are seven eternal things, life without death, youth without old age, joy without son-ow, peace without discord, light with- out darkness, health without sickness, and a kingdom with- out change. They are blessed who dwell with Abel and Enoch and Noah, with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, Avith Moses and Aaron, and Joshua the son of Nun, and with the tMolve prophets and the twelve apostles, and with all the saints, from the beginning to the end of the world, with twenty orders of angels, with the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Ghost, in peace and joy, and in purity and health, without hunger and without nakedness, with abun- dance for the whole body, and without any evil about a youthful liberal fair and eternal king. Let us request of Almighty God that we may deserve to possess that blessed- ness, through the intercession of the blessed Cybi, for ever and ever. Amen. Ss X. m Dî It. ]Um: HERE BEGIXXETH THE LIFE Oî' ST. PADARX,^ A BISHOP. /PÖríöt, the son of the living God, the third person of the ^^ divine Trinity, co-eternal and consubstantial with the Father and the Holy Spirit, gave this precept to his church that he might the more effectually excite the minds of men to religion by promising them a double reward, that is a hundred fold here, and eternal life in the world to come. And Luke the evangelist, the disciple of Saint Paul the apostle, physician of the body and of the soul, wrote this precept for the common salvation of Christians; and this is the meaning of that precept, " Whoever will mortify all his affections, and trample on the riches and luxury of the world for obtaining the kingdom of God, will receive much ' From Cott. MSS. in the British Museum, A. XIV. '■' Padarn was the son of Pedrwn, or Pedredin ap Emyr Llyd.iw, and \nsitpd Britain from Armoriea, according to Usher, in the year 517; and it may be pr.-^nmf^l nt tli" ■^ame time as when Cadvan and his companions arrived in this country. A' ' In j •- tl ■ Arhau y Saint, Padarn became a member of tlie college of Illtyd. Hc-ali ' ,: ü li,cl are- ligious society of one hundred and twenty members, at a phax m ^ ,,im,,,>[.-ìiiii-. since called Llanbadam-fawr, where he founded an episcopal see, ami I.hmuil- llie liist bishop. He wus the founder of the churches of Llanbadarn Trefeglwys or Llaubadai'n Fach, and l.laiibadarn Odin, Cardiganshire, and of Llanbadarn Fawr, Radnorshire. The chapels uf Llanbadarn Fynydd, under Lhinbister, and Llanbadarn y Garreg, under Cregruna, both in Radnorshire, are named after him, and the situations of some of those places may serve to point out the extent of his diocese to the southward along the limits which have been assigned to the diocese of Saint David. To the north its extent is uncertain, but it probably included a considerable' portion of ^Toiifuomcryshire. How long Llanba- badarn continued to bo a bishoprii' .,.11)1 ■[ I ',. \ . ly little is known of its his- tory, and the last notice of it xw.l ■ : li Chronicles, is in the year 720, when it is recorded that ma ii> c . llynyw, and Llanbadarn, meaningthe three dioceses of So\iili w ,i , , . _ i i, tlje Saxons. It is reported however to have lost its privileges tlirouijh thr turliulcnt conduct of its inhabitants who killed their bishop, and the diocese was in consequence annexed to that of Menevia.— Professor Rees's Essay on the Welsh SainU, pp. 215, 216. LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 503 more at present than from his brothers and companions, who are united to him in spiritual friendship, and will obtain much more agreeable love even in this life; for it is clear that the love which is between parents and children, and relatives and wives and neighbours, whether caused by the bond of society, or the tie of relationship, is sufficiently short and perishable ; whoever therefore on account of the kingdom of God will despise temporal things, will through faith taste, even in this life, the certain joys of heaven, and in expectation of the heavenly ones the most excellent of all, will also enjoy the most exquisite love of the elect." Of AAhom was Saint Padarn,"^ a bishop, who abandoning his earthly inheritance, and seeking for aid of the highest importance, desired to become an heir and citizen of the heavenly kingdom; he was an Armorican by nation, and descended from noble parents, namely, his father Pedredin and his mother Gwgan, who avaihng themselves of an opportunity begot Saint Padarn. And afterwards they de- dicated themselves to the constant service of God; for Pedredin immediately left Armorica, and went to Ireland. Therefore the nativity of Saint Padarn was gracious, through which his father was made a saint, and his mother a servant of Christ, and they led a religious life for ever ; therefore it was foreseen by God in convenient order; as Christ was de- scended from the supreme Father, God of God, and Light 1 There were at least two if not more saints of this name, and as usual in such cases their acts have been confounded. First we have a Saint Padarn, bishop of Vannes, ano- ther we are told was bishop of Avranche about the same time, and another is commemo- rated on the 10th of April as a simple monk. Our Saint Padarn is generally considered as identical with the first who was living, and attended the council of Paris in 557. Some however consider him to have been a different person altogether from either of the above mentioned bishops. He is however allowed to have been a native of Armorica and one of the companions of Cadvan, to whom, according to the Achau Saint, he was first cousin. Upon what authority Usher dates their arrival in this country in 517, is unknown. It was more probably either in 510 or 624, in the first of those years both of them must have been, if their genealogy be correct, much too young to have been the leaders of the numerous saintly personages who are said to have accompanied them. It appears more likely that it was in the latter year, when their Uncle, Howel, the reigning prince of Ar- morica, was murdered in one of those civil broils, which were unfortunately as common in that country as in Wales. And even then they must have been young men. Accord- ing to this account Maelgwn Gwynedd was then, or a little after, sovereign of North Wales, who must have been himself a young man, if the statement that he died in 567 can be depended upon. — W. 504 LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. of Liíîlit, SO was Saint Padarii born of holy parents. For immediately as soon as he was bom, he chose to follow Christ. And as soon as he was able to understand anything rational in the world, he asked his mother, with whom he had been left. Who was his father, whether he was living in the world, and if he were living, where was he, and why did he reside abroad, and not rather remain in his own inheritance? Whom his mother answered with tears, " Thy father indeed is living, and more to God than to the world ; and he is gone from hence to Ireland, where he fasts, prays, watches, me- ditates and commiserates, he sleeps on a mat, and he prays kneeling to the supreme Lord, both by day and by night." Then the youth being inspired by the Holy Spirit from above, was comforted and said, " How can a son live better than by imitating a good father, for if he be a king, a son desires to imitate his father in government; therefore I shall die if I do not follow my father in the paths which he has chosen." At that time. Corns, a monk, left Armorica, and intended to land on the coasts of Britain ; for as a winter beehive, when the pleasant spring excites the minds of the bees, and they prudently require their company to be increased, sends out the principal swarm that it might collect honey else- where; so Armorica, the serenity of religion increasing, sent out multitudes of saints to the country from which they originally came, under the leaders, Hitenlau, Cadvan,-' and Tydecho." The holy youth Padarn being excited by this account, girded himself to go abroad with the others, and not more slowly than his seniors, but as much younger as he was, so much the more fervently did he labour, and he greatly exceeded his age in performing religious ser- vices. Therefore all the companies came together, and were unanimously desirous to sail over to Britain ; Padarn ' St. Cadvan.son of Eneas Lcdewig of Armorica, wliose mother was Gwen Teirbron, tli( daughter of Erayr Llydaw.— Achau y Saint. • Tydecho, the son of Amwn Ddu, the son of Emyr Lljdaw, and the cousin of Cadvan LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 505 was soon made the fourth leader of a company; not at his own request, but his cousins seeing him prepare for the height of perfection, appointed him, saying, " Since God has caused thee to excel in manners, it is proper that thou shouldst be set over people, for an example of life." There- fore all the clergy, with a prosperous voyage landed in Bri- tain. Eight hundred and forty-seven monks followed Pa- dam, and with his saints he took a place in the church called Mauritana,^ where Saint Padarn afterwards distin- guished himself by ])erforming a remarkable miracle.. Therefore he soon built there a monastery; and afterwards he built a church, and monastery under a steward, and appointed a governor and dean; and he remembering his father, blessed the brethren, obtained leave, and sailed to Ireland, where they mutually saluted each other, gave thanks to the supreme God, Christ, and at length sat down together. At that time the kings of two provinces in Ireland disagreed, and the country was laid waste on both sides, plunder was carried off, the houses burnt, wars arose, brethren were killed, and the land was depopulated, and rendered a desert. At length the merciful Governor of the world, pitying with his accustomed jDrovidence the cause of hopeless peace, sent his angel to the bishop of each city of the church, who said, " Unless each army shall see the face of the Saint, who has lately come from Britain, the spiteful kings will never make peace with each other " Messengers were immediately sent who respectfully invited Padarn; the armies were called together, they placed Padaiii in the middle between them ; and by the grace of his countenance devils were driven away, perpetual peace was made between the two provinces, and eternal unity was effected by God; and as a sign of the unity of the men, the woods of one province fall when those of the other do. Then all magnify the Lord in his servant Padarn, and all blessed him, said, "Mayest thou always have the sign of ' At present Llanbadarn Fawr, near Abei^stwyth, in the county of Cardigan, where St. Padarn is c^psidered to have bad his episcopal residence. 50G LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. peace, whereby thy name may become famous upon earth whilst thou dost Hve, and after death mayest be filled with the reward of Cerrigwen. For such was the utility of that staff, that if two persons disagreed, they were through its means made to agree. And of Christ it is said, " That a good shepherd knows his sheep ;" according to which pre- cept, Saint Padarn brought to his remembrance his brethren, whom he left in Britain. He took leave of his father, who blessed him, and he went to Britain where he found his brethren safe in mind and body. Amongst whom he found Niraanauc who had lately arrived; for not being able to live iu Armorica after the departure of Padarn, he came to the sea side, where he found a certain stone, on which he stood, and he said, " If those things are pleasing to God Avhich I intend, and if Padam whom I wish to follow, is truly a Saint, the stone will rise, and swim on the sea, the waves will become solid, the sea be rendered hard, so that the stone will not sink into it, and I shall be carried safe to my master, the leader Saint Padarn." Sooner than said, by a wonderful voyage he arrived at a maritime church on the coast of Britain, where he was saluted by the brethren, to whom he related his history, and all with one voice magnified the Lord God in his saints, who fulfilled the humble wish of Niinanauc, and manifested the virtue of his eminent Saint, namely Padarn. Then Padarn built monasteries and churches throughout the region of Ceredig- ion, in which he placed governors, namely Samson, Guinnius, Guipper, and Nimanauc. Therefore Saint Padarn became a lamp in doctrine and practice throughout Britain. In the mean time Älaelgwn, king of the Northern Bri- tons, visited the Southern, for the purpose of making war on them, and rendering them subject to him, and he came with a poAverful army as far as the river Clarach. And when he, the great tempter of the saints, was present, he ordered two heralds to go before him, that they might try Saint Padarn in some malicious manner, and they were called Graban and Terillan. They with a wickejj intention LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 507 came to the hill of Clarach, and filled their bags with moss and gravel, which they feigned to be royal treasures ; and they brought them to the Saint, and requested him to keep them until the king should return prosperously. The Saint consented, ordered them to be laid down, and affirmed that they would be found as they had left them. The king passed on, the heralds followed, and the king returned peaceably, the Britons having been reduced to obedience. And he sent the wicked heralds that they might try the Saint ; who went quickly to his residence, and took up the bags, and emptying them laid down the moss and gravel, and saucily exclaimed that the royal treasures had been stolen, and gravel and moss had been put in their place ; the Saint on the other hand declared that they were found in the same state as they had been delivered. But they threatened ruin to the whole building, if the treasures were not restored; and some time before, the king had issued an edict throughout all Britain, that every liar should be found out by means of very hot water. Then in the warmth of the spirit, Padarn orders the water to be made hot in a brazen vessel until it boiled ; this was soon done, and Padarn immediately put his hand into the water, when it was in its greatest heat, which when taken out appeared white and cold as snow. Soon after, the heralds were re- quired to place their hands in the water, and their scalded hands showed the malice of their minds ; and being forth- with all burnt, they and their lives, and their souls fled in the form of ravens over the channel, which unto this day is called by the name of one of them, that is Graban. Then the king Maelgwn himself became blind at his sta- tion, and sick at heart, and staggered with weak knees, and confessed that he was about to die on account of the inten- ded mischief against Saint Padarn. The king went imme- diately to Padarn, and on his knees asked for pardon, which was granted by Saint Padarn ; and the king remunerated him with a quantity of land, that is, from the mouth of the river Rhcidiol upwards, until at its head it touches the 508 LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. boundary of the river Clarach, and its boundary goes the ■whole length of the river to the sea. In that hour the the king's eyes were cured, his heart was strengthened, and his knees rendered firm. Saint Padarn and the king de- jiarted from each other in peace, and there Avas also peace with God towards Padarn, and with Padarn towards God through this miracle. Whilst these things were doing, a heavenly messenger came to Saint David serving Christ God in Glyn Rosyn, and said to him, " Arise and go to Jerusalem, and there thou shalt be ordained, and add to thyself two worthy com- panions, who likewise will be ordained, that is, Padarn and Teilo." David sent presently to them, and they came with- out delay; they passed together over barbarous nations, and received the grace of languages ; for although they were men of one language, yet they spoke to every man in his own lan- guage, that of the country wherein he was born. They came at length to Jerusalem, and there preached in the noblest manner after the Apostles ; and afterwards were ordained by the imposition of the hands of the chief archbishop. The three Saints were enriched by presents, and Padarn had a two-fold present, namely a staff and a coat wove throughout. They returned happily, and divided Britain into their three dioceses, unless the malice of tyrants should afterwards dis- turb them. And when Padarn was in the chui'ch, resting himself after so much labour on sea, a certain tyrant whose name Avas Arthur, traversed the countries on each side, and came on a certain day to the cell of Saint Padarn the bishop; and while he spoke to Padarn, he looked at his coat, and being seized with the affection of avarice, asked if he should have it ; and the Saint answering, said, " This coat is not suit- able for the Avearing of any malicious person, but for a clerical habit." He Avent out of the Monastery in a rage, and again returned in a state of anger that he might take away the coat against the Avishes of the attendant saints. One of the disciples of Padarn seeing him returning in a rage, LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 509 ran to Saint Padarn, and said, "Tlie tyrant who was here before is returning in an insulting manner, and treading the ground levels it with his feet." Padarn answered, " Yes, may the earth swallow him." With the word, the earth opened its bosom to some depth, and swallowed Arthur as far as his chin, who immediately acknowledged himself guilty, and he began to praise both God and Padarn ; until by asking pardon, the earth delivered him up. And in that place with bended knees, he begged the favour of the saint, and obtained it ; and he accepted Padarn for his per- petual patron, and so departed.^ In those days, Caradoc, surnamed Vraichvras, enlarged his kingdom beyond the bounds of Britain, and came to Ar- morica, and took it to his government. And the Armori- cans came to him, saying, " Unless thou wilt call our country- man Padarn to us from Britain, thou wilt not be able to find us peaceable." And Caradoc traversing the circuit of his kingdom, at length came as far as the city, Avhere at that time Saint Padarn resided. And that land, before Padarn came there, was called the Plain of Heli, but now it is call- ed the metropolis of Saint Padarn ; for during twenty one years he kept those three churches in strict penance, that is, seven in what was maritime, seven in the middle kind called Agam's Cross, where he overcame Graban and Ter- illan, and seven, being the last of his episcopacy, living in theory to God alone. Caradoc remained in that great church, and Avith earnest entreaty requested that he would at length go for an example to Armorica. x\nd Padarn not being desirous, according to the apostolical precept, to resist his power, consented to go, and informed the king that he would make laws respecting those churches which should remain for ever ; and this saying of the king immediately 1 The adventure with Arthur is consistent with the era generally assigned to that hero, who however does not appear in a very creditahle light in the affair. His real character may however be much more truly shadowed forth in this fable than in those of Geoffrey of Monmouth, and his followers. — W. There are remains of an ancient entrenchment in the parish of Llanbadarnfawr, in the county of Cardigan, called Llys Arthur. .St 510 LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. followed, " During- my time the churches shall be thine, as an island of the great sea, and I who sit in the chief seat of the kingdom of the Britons, do say, that if any king, or the son of a king, or any military leader shall make this law A'oid, either his days will be shortened, or his pedigree will not be mentioned on earth, or hell will be his eternal pos- session." And all the people and the army of the king, and all the disciples of Saint Padarn answered. Amen/ Saint Padarn therefore took leave of his brethren, -whom he left to govern his churches, and he comforted them that they might not be discouraged in their trilnilations, saying that in all things they should always pray to God through him ; and he came to Armorica, where he suffered much fi-om false brethren; for as soon as he arrived, his fame spread throughout the country. And Samson, whom at that time all the Armoricans magnified as the most excel- lent in sanctity, surveyed his parishes, that all the churches of the Armorican saints might be made subject to epis- copal tribute, to be then, and subsequently paid for ever. And it happened that he came to places in the neighbour- hood of the city of Guenet," near which Saint Padarn, a bishop, had built a monastery. And one of the monks ' The account of Caradoc Vraichvras and his expedition to Armorica, is very curious if there be any truth in it, Mr. Turner in his Hist. Angl. Sax. quotes this passage; if founded on fact, it must he received witli some allowance. Assuming the date of Padarn "s arrival in this country, to have been in 524, and as stated he had been here 21 years, this would give the date of this transaction about 545. If as Usher states, he came over in 517, the date would be 538. At both these periods Armorica was governed by Howel Vyehan, or as he is sometimes called Ruval 2nd, as tributary to Childebert king of the Franks , who was not likely to permit the British adventurer to take possession of the government without interfering. Nothing of the kind is however mentioned in the Chronicles of the Pranks or Armoricans, ami cii the nthcr hand we might suppose Cara- doc had quite enough to do to protect himsrlf ir,.iii tin S:ixoiis at home, without attempt- ing foreign conquests. Howel Vychan wasimn- 1- ivd l.v liis lirother Canaoin 546,and the country for several years was torn to pieces l.y tli'' roiilrri.ling- factions, and it is certainly not beyond the limits of possibility that the restlessness of Caradoc may have prompted him to cross the sea, in the hope of profiting by the confusion. And it would seem that it was about the time of these civil wars between the Armorican princes, that Padarn was made bishop of Vannes, as we find in the next paragraph that Samson was the bishop of Dole, which he does not appear to have been before 546, and it may have been two or three year» after, that the interview between the saints took place, so that whether Caradoc had anything to do with the matter or not, we can approximate to the date with tolerable ac- curacy within a few years. Both Samson and Padarn were present at the council of P.iris, in 557.- W. " Vannes, capital of the department of llorbihan, I'rance. LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 511 maliciously beholding Samson, said to him, " Send to the Saint who is lately come from Britain, and prove his hu- mility, and command him by means of a messenger that in whatever state he shall be when the messenger arrives, he shall therein hasten to come to you." Samson innocently received the advice, and not suspecting any trick to be therein, sent a messenger, who, without delay, came to Saint Padarn, and found him with a boot and stocking on one leg, and the other naked. The servant delivered the message as directed. And Padarn foreseeing what would take place, made no delay, but went to the council, and the malicious monk, the author of the mischief, derided Padarn with his legs half clothed, but was immediately seized by a demon, and fell to the earth. And soon after Samson understood the cause, and that he was the author of the wicked temptation against Saint Padarn; and then he peaceably saluted him, asked pardon, which Padarn gave ; and he cured his afflicted servant, and cast out the devil, and the Lord was honoured in Saint Padarn. Then Saint Samson ordained that although all the dio- ceses throughout Armorica were to pay tribute to him, yet the diocese of Saint Padarn should be free from every claim. And whoever should make this law void in the churches of Saint Padarn, and in their possessions in Ar- morica and Britain, he should perish by those cursings wherewith king Caradoc had condemned him, and all the company of the clergy answered, Amen. Amen. And the city of Guenet was the episcopal see of Saint Padarn, in which the apostle Peter had one church ; for Caradoc ordered by a command, that with the exception of one hall, the honour and name and reputation of that city should be always dedicated to Saint Padarn. After these things, the saints appointed seven dioceses throughout Ar- morica, and that they should meet on one mountain, and confirm their unity to remain for ever. In which synod, Padarn suffered much from envious and false brethren, and he confirmed his union with the six principal saints, he 512 LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. being the seventh, according to the number extant of the sevenfold grace; and fearing lest from their intolerance they might be angry with hijn from some slight cause, he left Armorica, and went to the Franks ; where he slept in the Lord on the eighteenth of the calends of the month of May.^ And the Armoricans celebrate those three solemni- ties, that is, that day of the calefids of November when he formed perpetual union with the principal saints of Armo- rica, and the day of his decease, and the day on which he received the episcopal order, namely, the twelfth of the calends of the month of June. And after the decease of Saint Padarn, a famine seized Armorica ; for during the space of three years after his death, neither dew nor rain fell throughout the country ; And all enquired the cause of so great poverty and heat ; and they discovered at length that Saint Padarn, having been afflicted by false and injurious brethren, had forsaken Armorica, and entering into counsel, they all went to the place of his burial among the Franks. It was determined that they should honourably carry back his remains with them, Avhich however they were not able to do ; for the whole army was not able to carry one of his bones. They were there- fore disturbed, and did not know what they should do ; at length a certain nobleman of the city of Guenet came for- wards and said, " Whilst Saint Padarn was living, he always asked me for my field, that he might therein lay the found- ation of his church ; therefore, although I did not comply with his request whilst he was living, yet I will give it af- ter his death ; therefore he may arise, enjoy the honour, and accept what he requested." With the word, they raise the chest with the remains from the earth, and one or two carry it with ease ; they came to Armorica, and with hymns and spiritual songs honourably buried the remains in the field of the aforesaid nobleman. ' Tho year of Padam's ileath is not here montioned, but he must have Iiccn considir- ably a.lTancod_in life at the tiuio of the council of ParÌ3, and probably only survived it a LIFE OF SAINT PADARN. 513 It was SO done, that as the temple of Solomon was honour- ably built in the barn floor of the Jebusite, so the Armori- cans determined to build a temple of Christ in the floor of that nobleman about the remains of Saint Padarn. And another city was built among the Franks, where he was first buried ; therefore in the city of Guenet his remains will happily await the day of judgment, and his soul will rejoice in heaven, in the unity of the nine degrees of the heavenly host, in the unity of Saints, Bishops, Confessors, and Apostles, and in the unity which excels every union, in the unity of the Trinity, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Let us therefore beseech Saint Padarn, that as he lives happily in heaven, we may also through his intercession dwell in the heavenly kingdoms for ever and ever. Amen. Here begins the possession of lands of Saint Padarn, THE Bishop. Whilst the patriarch was present at Jerusalem, the three southern kingdoms of the Britons succeeded under three episcopacies of three Saints ; the kingdom of Seisill with the consecration of churches, received the granting of epis- copal degrees, and the confirmation of episcopal baptism, and the chrismal oil, and all episcopal appointments from the episcopacy of Saint Padarn. And the kingdom of Rhun received the aforesaid rights from the episcopacy of Saint David. And Morgan received his kingdom and episcopal appointments from Saint Eliud. Therefore the third episcopal place among the southern Britons is the city of Saint Padarn, bishop. How the territory of Saint Padarn became his own, is already mentioned in the miracle, which Saint Padarn performed against Maelgwn. On a certain time, whilst Saint Padarn, bishop, resided in his cell, it happened that one of his servants, who necessarily visited the woods of the monastery, fell among thieves, and was slain ; and as he did not return, the eccles- iastical men doubted why he caused delay to the saints; but the cause of the delay was at length made known even to 514 LIFK OF SAINT PADARN. the ears of the prelate Padarn. AVhich hearing, he went to the wood, and called his servant by his proper name, saying, " Rees, answer thy master." Then the head cut off from the body, answered, " Here I am, Sir." On which being said, the bishop came to the place of the answer, where he saw the head of his servant separated from the body ; and raising his eyes towards heaven, he blessed the whole body, and at the blessing of the holy man, the head and body were joined, and the servant arose alive. Both gave thanks to Christ for the miracle, and the report of the resurrection came to the ears of the governor, named Eithir, who being moved by the virtue of the miracle, addressed the bishop saying, " The murderers of thy servant were my malicious men, and lest divine vengeance, through the irritation of thy mind, should anticipate me, I ask pardon ; and that I may cause thy mind to be pacified towards me, I Avill grant to thee a portion of very beautiful country without the payment of tribute to any man ; that is, from the ditch of Linum between two rivers, that is Rheidiol and Paith,^ to the sea-coast. To whom Saint Padarn gave pardon, and foretold, " Before thou wilt end thy life, thou wilt please the Lord, and thou, who art commonly called Eithir the son of Arthet, shalt be honourably buried in the cemetery of this place, where thy solemnity will be for ever celebrated by this company. ' Rivers in the nortlierii portion of Cardiganshire, in the neighbourliood of Aberystwytli. XL m of It. Wmŵà: HERE BEGINNETH THE LIFE OK SAINT WINEFRED,2 VIRGIN AND MARTYR. ^ Ö salutary as it is to keep unrevealed the secret of a •-^•^ king, it is painful not to make known the great works of God ; therefore we shall undertake to relate, as is fit, whatsoever has, by the favour of God, been mentioned by the tradition of the ancients respecting the blessed Wine- fred, for the glory of God himself, and the declaring of the merits of the virgin. Therefore in the days, wherein Cad- van reigned over the provinces of North Wales, a certain valiant soldier, the possessor of three villages, named Teu- yth the son of Eylud, lived in Tegengle ; of which villages the first was called Abelityc, the second Mayngwen, and 1 By the British Monk, Elerius, in the year 660, or Robert of Salop, in the year 1190. From the Cott, MSS. in the British Museum, Claudius, A. V. The character in which it was written, is considered to be that of the middle part of the 11th century. " Called by the Welsh Gwenfeewi. Saint Winefred owes her celebrity more to the Well that is called after her name, than to anything that is said of her in the Welsh pedi- grees of the Saints, for even her parentage is not mentioned therein; and the time in whii^h she lived is ascertained only from the names of her contemporaries, which occur in liiT legendary life. — Professor Rees's Essay on the Welsh Saints, page 2y4. 51G LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. the third G\veni>heiiiiaii. This Teuyth had no family ex- cept one only daugliter, named Winefred, who from her youth began to love a heavenly spouse, and refusing transi- tory men, dedicated her virginity to him alone. Which her father discovering, he was partly sorry, and partly re- joicing was to be congi-atulated. For he had sorrow because he had no children excepting her alone, and which affected him the more grievously, as she refused to marry any one, whereby his patrimony Avould be preserved to his posterity ; on the contrary, he had true congratulation from his off- spring subjecting herself to the power of God, on account of which he purposed to have her instructed in the liberal arts. And whilst he had such intention, the blessed Beino, deprived of his residence Selym, on account of a superfluity of sons, came to his house, whom observing to be learned and religious, he consulted respecting his daughter, and men- tioned his wish relating to her. The saying of the soldier having been considered, Beino said, " If thou MÌlt give up thy farm to my management, I will dwell with thee, and instruct thy daughter in the divine law." To which Teuyth said, " If it were in my power, no one would more readily do such a thing ; but now, servant of God, I desire thee to stay here, unless it shall appear to thee to be too long, until I shall receive an answer from the king respecting these things." And he said, " Most beloved son, God will go with thee ^^herever thou wilt have business." Teuyth therefore went from his house to that of the king, and sought the palace of his master, and earnestly intreated him that he would grant to him what he desired of his pa- trimony. He answered, " O venerable man, it will not by any means be ])roper either for me or thee to separate thy land from the communion of the province, lest it be useless to thee, and I should want it, but I will freely give to thee one of these three villages for divine service, if it ])lcase thee, and have the others to myself. The excellent answer of the king having been heard, he retiiiiu'tl home, and related to Beino what had been told LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. 517 him by the king, and he mentioned, " Therefore if thou desirest to remain with me, said he, for the service of God, choose out of my patrimony the place which may appear to thee to be the most convenient." The blessed Beino said, " I choose that my residence may be in the solitude of Belaye." Which was so done. Beino therefore with Teuyth fixed his cottage on his estate, in a valley, which in the language of the Britons was called Sychnant ; he there built a small church, in which he celebrated mass, and daily instructed the virgin Winefred, in divine literature. Also Teuyth, and his household went daily to the service of the mass, where Beino performed the celebration. It happened on a certain Sunday that Teuyth had gone with his wife to hear mass, and Winefred remained in the house of her father, for the purpose of bringing with her what things were necessary for the mass, namely, fire and water with salt. In the mean time Caradoc, the son of Alaiie, descended from a royal stock, being fatigued with hunting- wild beasts, came to the house, and asked for drink, as he was thirsty ; and on his arrival enquired who was the pos- sessor of the cottage, as he had some secret which he de- sired to communicate to him. The maiden therefore being the only one in the house, quickly met him, and being first asked, she elegantly greeted him, and said that her parents had gone to mass, to hear the preaching of Beino. Caradoc therefore beholding the face of the nymph composed of candour and firmness, and admiring the beauty of her whole form, and countenance, his heart began to be inflamed with concupis- cence towards her. And catching her alone at home, with- out the presence of any witness, through the greatness of his love, he forgot his thirst, and said to her, " O most dear virgin, agree to my proposals, by acting with the fami- liarity of sweethearts, for I vehemently desire to enjoy thee." To which, said the virgin ; " My Lord, what a saying is this, of one so noble as thou art to a maiden so mean as I am ; also. Sir, I cannot do this, as I am betrothed to another man, whom at jiresent I ought to marrv." Cara- 3u 518 LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. doc bearing this was filled with fury, and said, "Leave off this foolish, frivolous, and trifling mode of speaking, and consent to have sexual intercourse with me ; marry me and I will take thee to be my wife." The maiden therefore ob- serving his mind to be much excited with passion, had re- course to a stratagem that she might not be oppressed by his violence, and said, " Grant me. Sir, that I may go to my dressing room, that being decently adorned with clothing, I may be the more fit to have intercourse with thee, and I will leave off the business enjoined to me, as I must, and shall be at thy pleasure." Caradoc answered the maiden, "If thou wilt make no de- lay thou mayest ; for thy being out of sight for a short time will not seem too much for me." The girl having therefore received leave, went through the chamber to the valley with quick steps, desiring to be out of the sight of the man as soon as she could. And Caradoc seeing that he was delu- ded by the cunning of the maiden, was filled with rage, and briskly spurred his horse, desiring to overtake her. But she went before him, until she came to the door of the monastery, being desirous to obtain the protection of jieace from God and Beino. And when she was about to place her foot within the threshold, the man anticipated her with a bloM', and cut off her head. Which her parents seeing, they were for some time detained in astonishment, and coming to themselves they became wet with sorrowing tears. Beino also seeing this destruction, was affected with the greatest sorrow ; and leaving the altar came quickly to the door, desiring to know who had committed such a murder. Raising his eyes, he saw bloody Caradoc as yet standing with the stained sword in his hand ; and understanding that it had been done by him, he cursed him in the place, and he immediately melted in his sight, as wax before a fire. Then Beino returned to the corpse, and fitted the head which had been projected inside by the stroke of the sword, to the body which lay outside, and earnestly besought God to revive the body, lest the LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. 519 enemy should rejoice over it. And on the prayer, the body with its powers resumed the soul, without any scar appearing except a small line on the neck ; but the floor infected with her blood cracked, and a fountain sprang up in a torrent at the place, and the stones appear bloody at present as they did at first, and the moss smells as frank- incense, and it cures divers diseases. Beino observing that God had performed the miracle on her account, said to her in the hearing of her parents, " My sister, God has designed this place for thee, it be- hoves me to go elsewhere where God will provide for me through Bendmare ; and about this time every year, this do for me, direct to me a cloak of thine own work. " My lord," said she, "to do this for thee will not be giving me any trouble, but the greatest difficulty appears to me, how it shall come to thee, for I do not know where thou dost dwell." To whom said the saint, " With respect to this, take no care ; there is a stone in the middle of the stream of the river, on which I have been accustomed to meditate my prayers, place thereon the cloak at the appointed time, and if it will come to me, it will come." And so after mutual benediction, they separated. And the blessed Winefred passed her life for many days in the aforesaid de- sert, as Beino had advised her. Also, on the vigil of John the Baptist in each year, she sent a cloak to Beino in the following manner; she placed it on the stone, and the stone gliding over the waves of the fountain, carried it dry in- ternally and externally as far as the sea, and then over the sea to the harbour of Sachlen, to Beino. Thus Beino received the gift of the virgin every year. The virtue in this cloak, on account of the merit of the virgin, was such, that where- soever Beino might be clothed therewith, it neither got wet with rain, nor was its nap moved by the wind. From the event of such thing, Beino called the cloak Siccus. At that time, as it is related, he went to Rome for the sake of visiting the places of the saints, that there in the presence of their relicks, he might offer himself devoutly 520 LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. to God. "Wliicli having been performed, he returned to his former desert. In those days the saints of all Britain were summoned to the synod of Winefred, to which Saint Winefred herself went with, other saints, and there all things were appointed according to synodal custom ; namely that saints who had before lived separately, having no rule but their own will, should afterwards meet in com- panies, in places proper for the purpose, and should amend their lives under jiriors set over them. AVhenee it happen- ed that blessed Winefred was elected to be over eleven vir- gins, that they might receive from her an example of life and holy conversation. With what eloquence of knowledge this virgin shone, it is not in our power to say, for the words of her discourse were accounted by the ears of the hearers sweeter than honey, and more agreeable than milk ; where- fore she was by all persons called the Candid Winefred, for she sjioke with candour of wisdom, and lived comfortably. And the place where she lived with the virgins was called Gurtherin, where, after tlie close of life with her fellow vir- gins, buried on the eighth of the calends of July, she rests in Christ, to whom is honovir and glory for ever and ever. Amen. Here ends the life of Saint Winefred, virgin and martyr. Here begin the miracles of the same. AVe determine to mention some that are known to the inhabitants, or seem worthy to be related, from the day on wliich the fountain began to flow, Avhere the blood of the martyr was shed. A miracle not heard of in the world, wonderful to be related, and stupendous to be heard, Avas seen in the middle of the ebullition of the fountain, namely three very bright stones ascended and descended with the springing of the fountain, and went up and down by turns, after the manner of stones projected by a shooter. And so remained for many years, but in the time, when the Dacians were subject to the Britons in Tegcngle, a certain unluckv LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. 521 woman went down to the fountain, and seeing the stones, she was seized with a desire to play with them herself, and took hold of one, and immediately the other two vanished away; then she returned home, and was immediately seized with illness, and in a few days died. Before her decease she confessed, and restored the stone, but M'hat was done before, she altogether concealed. Neither is it strange, brethren, that the stones by their testimony declared the power of the martyr ; for we read that the holy fathers have carried stones for a testimony to them. Also it happened on a certain time that a man was rebu- ked for theft at the fountain, and he perpetuated it by per- jury in the chapel of the church of the martyr, but the blessed virgin seasonably made known to the presumptuous ])erson what he had unlawfully affirmed. For the goat which he had just eaten, uttered an audible bleating from the belly of the thief, and so made it known that he was guilty. A matter sufficiently horrid that what is denied by a rational animal with an oath, is disclosed by a brute, and what is more unusual by one that had just been eaten. It is not to be doubted but that the Lord does wonderful things on account of his saints, for he himself amongst his saints is altogether wonderful. Moreover in the days of the Franks, a worthy revenge was made in that land by the same martyr. For a certain matron being excited by envy against her maidservant, heather with hard stripes, and furi- ously continued beating her, when flying to the church of the virgin for the sake of protection. Miscella, when she came to the church, attempted to go in, but she found the door firmly fastened, and having before hoped to have protection with- in the church, was then ignorant what she should do, yet she kept firmly to the door, but its material did not by any means save her from being beaten. The martyr of the Lord observed the violence inflicted on her, and condoled with her modesty, and having compassion on her misery, immediately obtained revenge from the Lord. The prisoner having been a longtime beaten, and prostrate under foot at length, as God 522 LIFE OF SAINT WINEFEED. would have it, arose and pushed her head against the cheek of her mistress who was lying on her; by which pushing her cheek bone was loosed from its joint, and her throat was brought back to her ear, and so she remained deformed to her death. For it was fit that she, who would not cease from scourging before suifocation, even the separation of the body and soul, should not herself be given over in being corrected. May it be so that they who do not reverence the tabernacles of God and of the saints, shall have their faces filled with ignominy. Also in another interval of time, when the right was every where violated throughout the country, and the Franks and the Welsh were opposing each other; and in- numerable robbers from North Wales were plundering the whole of Tegengle, they directed eight sacrilegious persons to rob the habitation and village of the virgin Winefred ; who hastening took away with them the animals, which were tied to the wall of the church, but they were not long to be congratulated, for in a very short space of time, they suffered a horrible death. And also the princijjals of ini- quity, who put the matter forwards, before a year had rolled round, died wretchedly. What shall I say to you, " Scarce one of so great a multitude escaped, who of their retinue had remained ; for when the zeal of the house of the Lord eateth him, they are cast down whilst they are exalted." Again, in those days, a certain deacon of the same church, with the sacred signals hanging about his neck for protec- tion, carried home on horseback the tithe from a certain town of his parish, and came as far as within the boundaries of the farm of the martyr, when by chance he fell among thieves, who paying no respect either to the martyr, or her sacred things, robbed him, and compelled him with the spoils to go with them, whilst he implored that for the sake of God and his mart}T, they would have mercy on him; but when he was taken a good way off, it occurred to Lis mind by the direction of God and his martyr, that he LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. 523 should betake to flight ; which having commenced, he was closely followed by the leader himself of the thieves, and lastly as he was seeking to apprehend him, he was prevented by destruction, for being pierced in his leg by his own lance, he lost the strength of his thigh, as he would not give up the pursuit. And ft-om one being chastised in the body, all the others were punished in their minds; and the deacon for his deliverance gave thanks to God and the martyr, and re- turned home safe with his articles. And the Lord sent his angel amonst those who feared him, that he might rescue them ; and on those who had not the fear of the Lord and of the saints before their eyes, their iniquity will descend to their hatred and on their heads. Also at that time a certain French soldier, the proprie- tor of his farm, built a mill on the river of the fountain, and the water began to stagnate. And the soldier observ- ing the water to flow against the stone of Beino, which hajipened to be near in a pool in the middle of the river, he ordered it to be placed in the pool, but were a hundred yoke of oxen employed to remove it, they could not raise it, for it was so immoveably fixed, as if it had roots, and could not be removed ; lastly, the soldier thinking that his workmen acted feignedly, urged them again and again ; and supposing that he alone could with his foot move the stone, being excited with anger, he kicked the stone Avith his foot. But immediately the sinews bent towards his knees, and became hardened, and he continued lame all his life. Li the same course of time the wife of the said soldier, with rash daring entered the mouth of the fountain, which was for the deseased, and there unlawfully bathed, but that was not done without her being punished, for she continued childless to the end of her life, and therefore she much grieved. For it was right that those who came to the in- heritance of the martyr, and unlawfully polluted her sanc- tuary, should above all others in their district, be mocked and derided with disgrace in healing. With such, and in- finite uaore wonderful miracles than these against wicked 524 LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. persons, did the virgin of the Lord shine; ■which if all ■were literally committed to memory, time -would sooner be ■wanting to sjieak than plenty of matter for speaking. But these for the punishment of -wicked persons, that they may not delight to do any mischief against the rights of the vir- gin, shall be sufficient, because we are desirous to plough other fiuTows, and proceed differently, and to relate the benefits of the virgin towards the diseased. Also in the time of the Franks, there lived in the same dis- trict a certain diseased rich man, who had much money but not for himself, and hearing of the fame of the virgin, -went to her, conveyed in a chariot as soon as he could. When he came to the memorial of the blessed virgin, he gave all his property to the chm-ch, and to the destitute, and rendered himself poor, but trusted in the Lord. Afterwards, when he washed himself thrice in the ■water of the fountain, and finished the third watch of the night in the church with prayers, you might hear that he who had a great hole in his feet and legs and arms, and whose bones were hideously crooked and contracted to his buttocks from his birth, now stretched them to their right placing in the joints. You might think that you then saw a joyful company of persons standing and thanking God and the virgin. You might also see what a just recompence it was for him, who de- prived himself of the peculiar substance of his body, should receive the complete substance of his strength and feeling; Avhat he had loved he distributed, and what he had also de- sired to have he found. And so he who had not the use of his feet and came in a chariot, returned using his feet safe and well. A certain man, who had done penance for his crimes, having been confined with iron chains for many years, and his arms being miserably corroded with the rust of the iron, went to the said sanctuary ; and having remained there all night in watching and praying, came to the fountain at tlie break of day; and having washed his hands, and stretched forth his arms into the fountain, he saw his two hands become LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. 525 delicate, and the bonds loosened from his arms ; Who then can doubt but that the virgin was there; a man going from the church to the fountain bound, and returning there- from to the church free, and thanking God and his martyr. For a sign he hung there the said chains, which were seen there hanging for many series of years. Consider therefore men, consider also women, how venerably and respectably this virgin of tlie Lord and martyr, who so openly came to the assistance of these who prayed to her, is to be reverenced by all. Nor is it to be omitted what she did to a dropsical person coming to her, and scarcely touched with her hands, for the watchings and ablutions having been performed in the waters of the fountain, she so relieved him from the superfluous moisture, that nothing remained but what Avas proper for the temperament of hu- man nature. Also an epileptic person had sensible percep- tion of the hand of the virgin, for being brought according to custom to the church, he there passed the night in watch- ing and praying; and the disorder affected him in a wonderful manner ; for it twice seized him, and in each time did not prevail ; for at break of day he perceived the epilepsy pre- sent with him, and he ran hastily to the church, and the name of the Lord and of the martyr being called over him by the presbyters, the disorder which had begun left him. On another day, Avhen the disorder seized him at day break, he was thrown into the fountain, and afterwards it never re- turned. Likewise, two boys who were brothers, being- seized with the same infirmity, were placed in the fountain, and were altogether cured. And also many others and in- numerable persons ; for they assert that the virgin by her merits cured this illness although of very serious kind, and washed away others. For no disorder is more afflictive than that which destroys the senses; it corrodes the heart, it nearly casts out the soul, it shakes the brain, it consumes the tongue, it foams, it roars, it distorts the limbs, and tears the Avhole fi-ame, and because it is so, it is principally de- signed to cure it. 526 LIFE OF SAINT WINEFRED. Also a certain -woman, wlio had a son dumb from his liirth, brought him with her to the memorial of the blessed martyr, who having rightly performed the solemnities of watching, placed him by force in the fountain, and applied the water to him, and she heard him pronouncing words correctly and asking for his clothes, which being seen, the standers by wondering glorified God, and congi-atulated the mother. Likewise at another tiine, certain young men, who were companions, met together, and descended into the fountain, but to one only was health given, because he firmly believed ; and this person having gone down, and stretching out his limbs, a great noise w^as uttered by him, and the ears of the hearers who were far and near tingled. For the virtue of the Lord, when it went out of him by the prayers of the saints, could not lie hid. Besides a certain boy, whose limbs were cut off because they were useless, had them immediately restored of their proper size on ac- count of the deceased virgin, for by prayers she granted to him the natural state of all his limbs. Also a certain man who was born blind, having performed divine service in the tabernacle of the martyr, went to the fountain, and washed, and received his sight, and gave thanks. Also two boys afflicted with the stone, on praying to the virgin, obtained natural deliverance ; one of whom having being cured of his complaint, was constantly endowed with the gift of prophecy. JNIany of those who Avcre gnawed by worms to their very marrow, acknowledged the assistance of the virgin, fen- the M'orms having been destroyed, they returned home in health. Some who had been deprived of their intellects, being troubled by unclean spirits, tearing with their teeth, and speaking vain things, and with difliculty brought to the l)lace in chains, returned from thence homewards fully go- verning themselves with reason. Likewise persons afflicted with fevers keeping watch for her gratuitous goodness, by an application of the water of the sacred fountain were curc