t teb 'B; ROPFS 3 H- VRM EkS; MECHANICS BUSLNll^S ^ MEN AND LABORERS. w ■ T;. i'.LEs Showing the Value of Wheat, Cob>% Ryi., I Oats, Barley, Cattle, Hogs, Hay, Coal, Li >;- I REK, MERCHANDISr; ThE SiMi LE AND CoM- ■ POUND iNTEREST AT 6, 7, 8 AND 10 PER l» Cent.; Measurement of Board;?, ■ ScAJH'LINGS, TjMBERS, SaW liforuia, ^?^'*' Ciste1ins,-Tanks, RiES, Corn Crtbs, "Wagon Beds; T Oil a J Table, WAcfrib Table, Etc. METHODS OF RAITD CALCULATION..; ■ iTVTEKIfiNT AND VAiTJABLF. l>v ( hristia:^ Kopp. Jr. P.LOOMXNGT< 187fc». »r UCSB LIBRARY A^?:^^^^^^^ ROPP'S EASY CALCULATOR UKSIGNED KOK THE I'SK OF FAPiMERS, MECHANICS, BUSINESS MEN AND LABOIIERS. CONTAINING MANV CONVENIENT AND VALUABLE TABLES SHOWING THE VALUE OF WHEAT, CORN, RYE, OATS, BARLEY, CATTLE, HOGS, HAY, COAL, LUMBER, MERCHANDISE; THE SIMPLE AND COMPOUND INTEREST AT 6, 7, 8 AND 10 PER CENT.; MEASUREMENT OF BOARDS, SCANTLINGS, TIMBERS, SAW LOGS, CISTERNS, TANKS, GRANARIES, CORN-CRIBS, WAGON-BEDS; TIME TABLE, WAGES TABLES, ETC. ALSO ENTIRELY NEW AND I'RACTICAL METHODS OF RAPID CALCULATION. By Christian Ropp, Jk. BLOOMING'J'OX, ILL. 1879. NOTE. — The tables and methods embodied in this work are supposed to oe absolutely accurate and reliable. Any one who may detect a mathematical error in any of the following- tables, will be entitled to one hundred copies of this work, by comm\micating the fact to the author. CONTENTS. l-ACJK. Wheat Table 7, «, 9 Corn and Rye " 10, 11 Oats " V2, 13 Harley " 14 Corn in the ear " 15,10 Hay and Coal " 17 Lumber (value) " 18 Stock " 1{> Interest " .. ■>0,21,22,28 Time " 24 I^umber (measure) " 25 Saw Log " 2(> Cistern " 2(5 Granary " 27 Corn-Crib " 27 Wages " 28 Addition 29 Subtraction 29 Multiplication HI Division 32 Decimal Scale 33 Contracted Multiplication 34 " Division 37 Grain, Hay, Coal, etc 40 Stock, Lumber, Mdse., etc 42 I'AGE. Percentage 4K Computing Time 47 Interest 48 " — Accurate Method 51 Partial Payments 54 Discount S: Present Worth 5(» Bank Discount 58 Profit and Loss .59 Gold and Currency fil Partnership (14 Levying Taxes, (15 Gross & Net Price of Hogs (j(i Grain Measure 67 Corn in Ear •' 67 Hay " 68 Cistern " 68 Parrel " (59 Lumber " 69 Land " 70 Square and Solid " 71 Accounts 74 Cross Multiplication 75 Peculiar Contractions 77 Contractions in Division 78 Ready Reckoner Table -^0 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the years 1873, 1875 and 1876, l!v CHRISTIAN ROPP, Jr., In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. PREFACE. Any invention or discovery that tends to ease and accelerate physical or mental labor, adds to the public welfare, and will be appreciated in this age of intelligence, progress and thrift. A work of this kind which saves both time and labor, has long been wanted, especially by the agricultural community, since so many like the author himself, who is a practical farmer, have had limited advantages for obtaining a proper education. Nearly all the /radical features found in Arithmetics, Ready-Reckon- ers, Lightning-Calculators, Interest, Lumber and Wages tables, are embodied in this work, and in addition it contains a great many original rules and tables, which are by far the most valuable part of the work. The tables are unequalled for clearness and simplicity and will enable any one — the least conservant with figures — to become his own accountant almost instantaneously. They show at a glance the accurate value of all kinds of Grain, Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber and Merchandise, from one pound to a car load, and from the lowest to the highest prices that the market is likely to reach. The simple and compound Interest at 6, 7, 8 and 10 per cent, on all sums from $1 to $2000 and from one day to si.^c years. Measurement of Lumber, Saw Logs, Cisterns, Granaries, Corn- Cribs, Wagon Beds, etc. A Time, Wages, and many other useful tables and important information. The "Contracted Methods of Calculation" which save a vast amount of figures and mental labor, and which are in vain sought for in any other mathematical work, will be admired by all who appreciate rapidity, brevity and simplicity. The mechanical part of the work will commend itself and with its silicate slate, memorandum and pocket for papers will be found a most convenient and desirable pocket manual, adapted to all classes of men whether in business or out of business. That this little volume may prove interesting and profitable to all who consult its pages, is the sincere desire of the AUTHOR. Bloomington, III., April, 1876. THE MULTIPLICATION TABLE Is inserted for the convenience of those who have not thoroughly committed it to memory. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 12 24 3(3 48 60 -0 84 96 108 120 132 144 Read carefully ALL the following EXPLANATIONS To Grain, Stock, Hay, Coal, Liimber, Interest Tables, Etc. Examples. — Find the value of a load of Wheat weighing 8450 (3000 + 400 + 50) lbs. at 48 cts. per bu. Turn to page 7. Look for the price in the left hand column, and r nnnn. it. oa nn for the weight or quantity in the first 3 lines at ™Jj '?.^- ^^^^ -^'l^Jj the top. Lay the silicate slate with its upper edge < kq « u '^q directly below the line in which the price is found. oT'^ Look for 3000 at the top, run down the column till I "^"s- $27.G0 opposite 48, where you will find 2400 ($24.00) ; write it down it being the value of 3000 lbs. at 48 cts. per bu. In like manner the value of 400 lbs. is found to be 3.20, the ri^ht-hand cipher not falling beloiv the 400, be- ing rejected. 'I'he value of 50 lbs. is 40 cts : the only figures vertically below 50. The three numbers added and two places pointed off from the right, gives the answer in dollars and cents. For the thousands or any number found in the uf>f>er line take all the figures below, opposite the given price; for the hundreds or numbers found in the second line, reject the right hand figure in the corresponding number below; for the tens or numbers found in the third line, reject the t-fo right hand figures below, etc. The small figures on the right of the second and third columns are td be used only when the weight or quantity is 10 or 20,000. For instance, 10,000 lbs. of wheat at 92 cts. per bu. come to %\hZM\ 1000 lbs. to $15.3:^; 100 lbs. to $1.63; 10 lbs. to 15 cts; lib. to 1 ct. 5 mills, practically 2* cts. When a fraction occurs in the price, find the value for the whole number first, then for the fraction — found near the top of column. Find the cost of 20,G30 lbs. of Corn at 48% cts. per bu. (Page 10.) iiO.OOO lbs. at 48 c. cost 171.43, at-% c. 2.G8 equals 174.11 at 4834; cts. GOO " •• " " 5.14 " " 8 := 5.22 " " " 30 " " " " .20 " " er. For instance, 46 ll>s. would cost twice as much as 23 lbs., and at 15 cts. would amount to only half as much as at 30 cts. "Contracted Method of Multiplication." — (See Pages 35 & 36.) There are usually from t-.vo \.oJi"'C tinifs as many figures involved in the ordinary methods of calculation, as are required, by involving com- mon or decimal fractions which fall belom cents or hundredths — the lowest order regarded \n practical calculations. All this labor and use- less figuring is avoided by the following simple and scientific principle, which is the chief element embodied in the rules for finding the value of grain, stock, merchandise, etc., pages 40 and 42; for computing interest pages 48 and 51 ; for ascertaining the capacity of granaries, corn-cribs, cisterns, tanks, etc., pages (JT and 08; besides many others. Find the cost of 94>^ (1)4.75) yds. of goods at 83>^ (.8^375) cts. per yd. Write the common fractions decimally. 5 y yg Write one of the terms in re^'ersed order under the ■ other, so that its figure on the right of the decimal point 7 5 8 will fall belo'-.v the satne Jigure in the upper term. Or < 2 8 4 so that tenths fall under tenths, hundreths under G 6 units, etc. No order lower than "cents" will then 5 arise in the products. . aZTTT^^ ^ lAns. $7 9.3 5 In multiplying by the 8, commence with the 7 above it and proceed in the usual manner, adding, however, the (4) tens from the rejected figure 5, (fS time* 5.) In multiplying by the 8, begin with the 4 above it and add the (2) tens from the nearest rejected figure 7, (3 times 7). Coming to the 7, multiply the above it and add the (3*) tens hom.\.\\c nearest rejected figure 4, (7 times 4). There being no figure above the 5, simply multiply the ^/rrt^iTj/ rejected figure by it (mentally), and set the (5*) tens in the right hand column. Write the first figure of each partial product in the same column. Add and point off two places — the result will be correct within a few mills. •In carrying tens from the product of the nearest rejected figure, carry one more when tlie units figure of the product \sfive or ofer. Vox instance, from 5 to 14 carry one; from 15 to 24 carry tivo; from 25 to 34 carry three; from 35 to 44 carry four, etc. By this principle one-half ox over, is counted a whole one, and what is under is rejected. Thus one eqalizes the other. TABLE showing the number of Pounds to the Bushel, As recognized by the Laws 0/ the United States. Wheat 60 iHung'n Grass Seed .45 Apples, Green 56 Corn, shelled 56 Blue Grass Seed 14 Dried Apples 2-1 Corn, in the ear 70 Millet Seed 50 Dried Peaches ii3 Rye 56 Red Top Seed 14 Cornmeal 48 Oats 32 [White Beans 60 Bran 20 Barley 48 .Castor Beans 46 Malt '^ Buckwheat 52 Peas 60 Stone Coal 80 Timothy Seed 451 Potatoes 60 Charcoal, 22 Clover Seed 60 iSweet Potatoes 55 Salt 65 Flax Seed 56 Onions 57 Fime, unslacked 80 Hemp Seed 44 Turnips 55 Plastering Hair 8 A Bushel contains 21.50.4 cubic inches. A Gallon 2-31. Allox 13 by 13 inches and 12^'.^ inches deep contains a bushel, or 2154^ cu. in. Table showing the Value of WHEAT— 60 lbs totheBu. 7 i ( 1000^ 20000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 80001 9000 H 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 >} 10 1 20 1 30 i 40 1 50 60 1 70 1 80 1 90 1 Bush. 16667 33333 5000 66,67 8333 100 op 11667 13333 15000 "^ 3^ 42 83 13 i:'j' {21 !2,5 29 33 38 p }4 5s 111 17 2,2 2,8 3,3 39 44 50 iy^ 83 167 25 33 4|2 50 5:8 67 75 tB 111 >>v)2 33 44 56 67 78 89 100 ib^ 250 3,8 50 63 7,5 8:8 io;o 113 f$ lelooo 240,0 8200 4000 480:d 5600 &400 72()'0 149 16333 2450 32:67 4083 4900 5717 f;5:^3 7:j'50 .50 83,33 85,0^ 16667 2500 3333 4167 5000 .583:; m^\~ 7500 .51 17000 255,0 8400 4250 510,0 5950 6«00 7650 .52 866^ 17,3,33 2600 3467 4333 520,0 606 7 6933 78100 .5:3 8833 17667 265;0 3533 4417 .5:30,0 6is:j 70,67 7950 -^ 9333 180,00 27,0,0 360,0 4500 5400 6:300 72,o;o 8i:o;o .55 18333 2750 366,7 4583 5500 6417 7333 82,5,0 .56 1866' 28;0,0 3733 466,7 5600 6533 7467 8400 .57 950^^ 1900« 2850 3800 4750 57:0,0 63 7350 8400 Mpp XA 1066^ 21 :3|33 32,00 4267 533:3 64,00 746 7 8533 96!00 .65 10833 21 667 32,50 4333 54'li7 65o:o 7583 866 7 975:0 .♦36 11 000 22 0,00 33,00 440,0 55;o,0 6<30'0 7700 8S00 99;0'0 .67 11 l|67 22 333 335'r 446 7 5583 6700 78'1;7 8933 10050 .68 11 333 22 6,67 340 4533 5607 680 79:33 9067 102;00 .69 11 5*00 23o;oo 2:3333 .3450 4<]oo 57 5 ' ' 6900 80'50 920'0 103,50 .70 1166^ 350,0 466,7 5833 70 81,6; 7 9:333 1050'0 .71 11833 2:36,67 ,3.50,0 4733 5917 710:0 8283 fU67 10650 .72 12,000 24000 36,0|0 4S0 6000 72x):o 840X) 9<500 1080,0 !73 12jl6- 12333 24333 36,5,0 4*^6 7 6083 73,0,0 851:7 9733 1095'0 .74 241667 3700 4933 616 7 7400 86'33 986 7 iiio;o .75 12,5;0'> 25,0;oo 37:5:0 5000 625,0 75;0,0 8750 10000 11250 .76 1266^ 253,33 3800 5067 6:3:33 76,00 886,7 10133 1140^0 11550 .77 r28|33 25667 3850 51 33 6417 7700 8983 1026,7 .78 26000 39'0!0 5200 &500 7800 9100 ia4'o,o 117d0 .79 13167 26333 3950 526 7 6,583 79o;o 92 1 7 10533 118,50 .80 133^3 ISpjOo 266,67 40 00 5333 666,7 80,0,0 9333 106'6:7 12000 12150 .81 27000 4050 .540 6750 8100 fV450 108,0,0 .82 13j833 27-333 410 .5i6 7 6S33 8200 950:7 109,3'3 123 o;o M 27,667 4150 5533 6917 8:30,0 %83 1106 7 12450 .84 14000 28,000 420:0 560 7000 8400 9800 11200 126;00 .8") 14167 28I333 4250 5(;(;7 70,S3 8500 99 1 7 11333 12750 .8(5 14'3'33 28667 4300 .5733 716 7 8600 10033 1146 7 l;2io( 64 5 ( r).50o 0550 6| 102 51 103 Si'O.O 1050,0 1058:^ lOOC 80,00 10750 10833 8733 1091,' llOS-3 111,07 112501 1133: 11411 115 (Mt 115 s 110 f, 1175 11833 11917 12000 12083 121 6000 600 60 I 95001 ««;o( 9700 9S0(» 9000 UH-KH 101 0( 1020( 700 70 11083 11200 11317 1143: 115 5 ( not;-; 117s: 11901 1201'; 1213: 1225( 2:^0'; I24s:>l 1200( lioool lllOl 1120( li:;o( 1140(t| 1150( nt;o( 1170(»| lisdo 1190( 1(MI00|12000 1;J10( 122001 12:; 12400 12500 12000 1270(» 1280 12900 iso'o'o 110;00 1320,0 1.5400 i;-330O 134'00 i;35(H i:j00( 13701 i:js()( 14000 14100 142 0( 14300 14400 14500 7000 12s 3: 1295( i:;o(;- 131 s: i:330( 1:3411 1353: i:;05( i:;7(m i:;s,s; 1400( 1411 1 142;;; 14351 144G-; 145s; 147 0( 14817 1493:: 1.50,50 1.51 e 131 K^'O 15283 1.551 1.503 1.57501 1.580 7 1.59s:; 10100 102 1 7 10333 1W501 ir>5G ir^jS losoo 1691 14600 17033 l:i2 501 147.00I 1715 Ol mO Ol 80001 800 80. I 12007 l;Jso( 9000 9001 90, 142.50 14400 12933 1455,0 i:;ooi 1320( i:;3:;; i:;4 07 i;,oo,o 1373: i:;soi 140 01 141 3: 1420,1 14401 1453: 14<]01 14S0( 1493; 15001 1.520( 153:;: I'Ai): 15000 1573; "SO" loooi ici;;; lo-.'o; ituot 105;;; 10001 i(;so( lt;;i;;; 170 til 172 (M 1733; 17401 170001 177: 178 » 18000 1813:; Islm;-; l.Sloi L853: 18001 I8SOO 1893 1900 192 Oti 1933 I'.HG 1470O 1485,0 1.50,0,0 1.51,5,0 1.5:30,0 1.54,5,0 150,0,0 ^.57,5;o 1.590,0 1»K).5,0 io2,o;o lt>:350 10500 ir,<;5|0 KiSOO 1(;9.50 171,OjO 172.5|0 1740:0 175.5:0 1770,0 17S50 ISO 00 ISI5O is;] 00 LSI .5,0 1S(;00 1S7.50 1S90;0 11HI50 1920;o 193.50 1950,0 19(35,0 1980,0 199.50 2010,0 ;i025,0 204,0,0 2( >5,5;0 J070O 208.50 210,00 11.50 130|0 14.5*0 21G0,0 21750 190k) 20.50 Table showing the Value of WHEAT— Continued. 9 3000 4000 300 400 30 40 7400 i^sr,. 7450 m-]H 7500 KMHt 7550 ItH'O Tooo KH ;; 7650 l()-j{H 1000 100 10 , 2406' 24s:j 25;:!;:! 2550'^ 2560" 25:83 360|0 2616" 26r;:j 2650 2666 268,3 2700 2716 2733 2750 2766 2783 2800' 28 1 6" 2833 2850^' 2866" 2883 2900 2916 2933 2950" 2966 2983 3000'^ 3016 3033 30,50" 3066" 30833 3100" 3116" 3133=^ 3150" 3106' 31 8 33 3200" 3216 3233 3250' 3266 3283 3:^00" 33 1( ...>...>3 2000 200 20 ] 49333 496,6' 5000-^ 50333 5066 51 00" 5133 516:6 520!0" 52333 5266 5:j0(i 5333 5:366 5400 5433 54 6 (i 5500" 55333 5566 5600 5633 5(366 5700" 57333 5766 5800" 58333 5866- 5900" 59333 5966 6000" 603 33 6066' 6100" 6133'^ 6166" 62(i(r 6233^ 6266' 6:^10" 6:^33 6:366' 6400'-' (>4333 (>466" 6.500'^ 65333 6566' 6600" 66333 6666' 500d 6000i 500 50 I 4] 125 ( 125 > 126f n2r5( 12 7700 102t;ri-.^s3;; 77|50 li»:;:-;:;i2'.»l T 7800 1i'4iM)i:;i.(in 7850 1046 7 1:30^0 79001053313167 7950 10600 1:3250 8(J00 10667 13? .8050 10733 1:3- 8100 10800 13; 8150 10867 1:3: 8200 10933 i:" 8250 noon i: 8:300 1106 7 1 8:350 11133 1 8400 11200 ^ .8150 11267 ^-,.. . .8.500 11333 1416. S550 11400 1425(1 ■sr.oO 114"~''' *"•"" 86 50 115 870 1160 ■8750 1166' .880 1173: .8850 1180( 8900 1186'. ■^050 119:33 •HI 0(1 1200( 9(:i50 12067 lov'.^. .110 12133 15167 M 5 12200 1525( 1525 1.5:3 ] 1.54 155 1.55 9150 122 (H 920(11226" i^2r,^) 1233 '.i:Joo 1240 9:350 1246 *.i4(io 125:5 ".U50 1260 9500 1266 9550 127 '.Hi (Ml 12> <.h;5o 12> 9700 l-ji 9750 i:30».M'ii'i 9800 1:3067 16 1433 5:3:31 1441 1450" 145 s 1466 1475 1483 1491 1500 1508 0I1.575 ... 1.583 33 1.591 o|li;i>o . I'lt"^ 133 1616 ^00 1( 5t 9^5013133 IWl. 9900 1:3200 16500 19800 9^*50 1:3267 16583 IW 00 100 0011:3:3:] 3 1(36 67' 200 0(» 600 60 14800 1726 149001 ].->ooi 151 (X 1.52 o( 15:jOC 1.j40( l..)Mii 157 OlJ 15.8,00 15900 16000 161 0( 16201 16:; 0( it;4o( lOOo; lfi70( 16s0( 16900 17000 171 0( 172 or r7:iot 1740( 1 75 ( 1 76 01 17701' 17800 17900 1.8000 1.8100 l.S20( 18:3001 l."^Oi 1S51M 1N70( 1SS()( iNOOt l'.K)0( 191001 T,i2( l'.i::i V.Hi r.H',(i( 1970(,i| 7000 700 70, j 173 s:: 175(1 ( 176 !■; 177:3: 17.^ 5 ( 1796'; ls(.^- 1S20( 18317 184331 18551 1866 71 ls7s: l.S'.M'K v.xn: 191:;: 19251 19:3 6' 1W83 19600 1971 1^*833 19(^50 2006 7 201 ,^;-] 20:3 or 2W17 206 50 2076 7 208.^3 21000 2111 212 3 o 21350 2146 7 ]5s;; 17(M^ 218 1 7 nil 3 3 22050 22167 i24on i25 1 7 22t; : f 3 22750 i2>(«7 329^3 2:3100 2321 2:33 3 o" 8000 800 80 I 197 :j: 19^6' 2(H10( 2013: 2026: 204 ( 1 ' 205:3: 20(36: 20s.0( 2093: 21c 6: 212 0( 2133: 214 1;: 216(11 2173: 21 St;: 22( 1 ( 221:3: 2:2267 224 0( 225 3 ^ 2266 7 228 0( 229 3 2:3067 2:3200 2:3467 2:3600 2:3733 2:3867 2400(t| 24133 24267 244011 )45: M6( 248 ( 249;; f 25200 25:3 3 3 2.546 2.56 Ol»| 2.5.^ » 2(3000 2(3133 2626 2(3400 26533 2666 9000 9oa 90 I 2:2200 :2:2:; 50 2:25(10 22650 22s dO 22950 :2:;i(iO :2:;250 2:3400 .2:3550 237,00 ;2:3850 24000 :24150 :24:;o0 :244 50 24(;t0i0 24750 :249(tO 2.5050 2.5200 2.5:350 2.>500 2.5650 2.5800 2.5950 261 (»(') 2(3250 :2C40 2(^550 2(1700 2(>850 27000 27150 27:300 27450 276)00 27750 279 oO 28050 ;2.8200 28350 28.5.00 28650 28^00 28950 29100 21^*250 2m 00 29550 297 0(^, 29850 :30l>(>0 10 Table thowing the Value of CORN and RYE— 56 lbs. to Bu. 1000 100 loM ^7 45 f: 410^ 4'28« 440 404^ 4S-i' 5:00" oi: 5>>5' 55;:!« 5!T1* 58'.)'^ 00: 0:3: 0,4,,'2'-» 000- Gi7;8« 0004 71 4;^ 7o2' 750" 7|<')79 7,S,5' 8();j6 8|21* 8:U)'' 8071 8j7|5" 8 9 '3^ 01 0" 0280 94()* 004'^ 0'82' 1000" lO'l 7^ 10:;5' 501 105;;° 10,7 P lOSl)-' ll()7i 1125" 1142^ 1100" 1178° 2000" 3000 200 300 20J 30 35 7,1* 535 7 89 18 l!l9 18 li79 27 288 80 208 40 711 '43 1071 75!0<> 1125 785^ 1170 821* 1232 8;57i 1280 8020 138;0 028« 18 08 004' 144() 100^0" 15()() 10 •W 15:54 10 711* 10,0 7 11 071 100 1 11 429 1714 11 7,8« 170S 12 14-* 1S21 1250" isr5 12,85^ 1020 1821* 108 2 13571 208(5 1802» 20 80 142S'' 2148 14,04' 2100 1500" 2250 15:: 5' 280 4 1571* •>;; "^7 10071 2411 1042» 2404 107 S" 25 1 8 1714' 25 71 1750" 2025 17'S5^ 20 7'.) 1821* 278 2 18,571 27 SO 1802'-' 288 1028''^ 2S1)8 10(54^' 2040 2000" 8000 2085' 80 54 2071* 8107 21071 8101 2142'J 8214 21 780 82 OS 22 14'-' 88 21 2250" 8:; 7 5 22 « 5' 84 20 2821* :MS2 2;s 5711 35 4000 400 40,1 7143 18 2'4 3,0 48 54 14'20 1500 15 71 1048 1714 17S(; 1 S'5 7 102 20 207 1 214 22 1 4 22 s ( 24 20 250 20,4': 27 1 4 27 s ( 202 :;o'oo 80 7 8148 :;2 1 4 82 S() 84 20 850 85 7 1 8048 8,7,1 4 87 SC, 8S 5 7 8020 4000 40 71 4148 42 1 4 42 SO 485 7 44 20 4500 45 7 1 4048 4714 5000 500 60,1 8929 -2 3:o 45 6,0 G,7 178( IS 75 1004 2054 21 -1 8 24 1 1 25 25 s<) 20 27 OS 2S 5 7 204 1; 80 8 81 ,-.'5 8214 88 04 8; ! ; ; 84 S -3 85 7 L 8001 87 50 8S8 6000 600 60,1 107 1 '4 2,7 3,0 5,4 71 8,0 48, 2250 24 1; 4 25 7 1 20 70 27 SO 2Sl)8 8000 8107 8214 88 21 84 2 85 8 804 8 : !s 5 7 8004 40 7 1 4170 42 SO 48 08 4500 400 7 7000 700 70, I 800tl 81 -j 8750 ; ;s 7 5 4000 4125 4250 48 75 4500 40 25 4750 4S7 5 5000 51 ,25 8020 4714 55 0( 40 IS 4S'J1 5025 4107 4020 57,50 41 00 5080 5s'75 42 so 5148 (;ooo 48 75 5250 01 25 44 04 5) 1 5 7 0250 4554 5404 o:!75 4048 55 7 1 0500 478 2 50 70 00'25 4S21 57 SO 075(; 4011 5S'.)8 OS 7 5 5000 0000 7000 50 SO 0)1 7 7125 5170 02 1 4 7250 52 OS 08 21 7:; 75 58,5 7 04 20 75 .544 058,0 70 2 r, 5580 004:5 77 5 ( 1 5025 0750 7s 75 57 1 4 OS 5 7 St 1 5S04 000)4 SI 25 5893 7071 8250 8000 800 80,1 14286 9000 9001 90| i6o'7ll :;714 : ;s 5 7 4000 4i4;i 42 so 44 20 45 7 1 4714 4S5 7 5000 514;; 52 s<; 54 20 55 7 1 57 1 4 5S5 7 0000 014 8 02 SO <'421i 05,71 0714 OS 5 7 7000 7l'4:; 72 so 7420 S00( Sl4:i M20 S5 7 1 S7 1 4 014:; 02 si; fVi'29 Table showing the Value of CORN 16429 1660' 16786 1696* 17li43 17321 1750" 17679 1785" 180:36 182'!* 183|93 18571 187;5f' 18929 1910' 19286 1946* 19643 19821 2000" 20179 2035" 20536 2071* 20 8 93 210 31 250 2000 200 20 2:^929 24286 24643 25;00" 2535" 25,71* 2607 2642 26786 27143 2750" 2785" 2821* 28^5 71 28929 2928'^ 2964^ 3000" 3035^ 3250" 3285" 3:321* 33571 33929 S4286 3464 ;i57l* 36071 3642^ 38929 3928 3964 40!00 4035 4071* 4107 41429 4178' 4214 42150' 3000 300 30 3581 364.' 369* 375(JI 380,4 3857 3911 3964 4<5T 600(1 6071 6143 62141 62 8 ( 635' W21 a50( a571 (3643 6714 6786 6857 6929 7000 707 714 72141 7286 7357 74211 750(1 7571 764:; 77141 7786 7857 79211 800(1 a)7i 814;; 8214 82 S( 8:3 5-: 8421 8500' 5000 500 50 5982 60 (■>] 6 1 62 5 < 6:J31 &121 6x5 U 66 01 66 9 ( 67 S( 6s7r 6964 7054 71 43 72 o f 732? 7411 75 0( 7581) 76711 7768 7857 7946 80 3 C^ 812 8214 8:30-1 8:393 8482 &571 8661 8750 ,883 8929 9018 910 9196 92 SC 9375 l»4f;4 95541 1X543 9732 9821 91^)11 10OO( l(H)Mt 101 79 102t;^ 10357 1(H46 10536 UH)25i 6000 600 60 7171 72 8 f 739:]| 75 ( I 7(;o 771 4i 7S21 7921! 8036 8143 82 5 ( 1 So ."J 846 41 8.5 71 8(371 87 8 C 8s9:-J 7000 700 70 8:37: 8500 8< 87501 8^ IKIOO 91 9:i50 93 75 9500 97501 98 75 10000 101 1025(H 103 9000110500 9 1 910 9214] 9321 94211 953(1 1K34:3| 97 5 ( 985 99641 10071 10171 102S( 1039: 10501 0607 10714] 108 10929 11036 1 11143 11250 1135 1146 115 7 116 7 1178 11893 1200( 1210" 1-2214J 12321 124211 12.53(1 12643 I2750I 8000 800 80 9571 971410929 9.85' 10000 1125;0 10143 11411 1028611571 10429 11732 10571 107141 108 1114:; ii2.s(; 11421! 11571 11714] 118 12000 121 4 ^ 122861 1242 12571 12714 9000 900 90 I 1(J7^8 11089 11893 1205'4 12214 11000 1:>:J75 1:30 001 1:314 132861 106.2i 10750 108,75 11000 111 11250 113 11500 116 11750 11875 1:3571 120001:3714 12125 1:3857 1225014000 1237514143 1250014286 1262514429 12750 145 71 .28 75 14714 1:3000 14,857 1:31 25 1500 ( 1:3250 1514:-^ 1285 7 14464 1:3375 15286 1:3500 1:5429 1:3625 15571 D 1.>T 13750 157141 1:3875 15^51 14000 1(')00( 141 2 5' 161 4 :;| 14250!l(;2S( 14:; 75 ltU2l 14500 Km 71 14(5 25 l(i714j 14750' U)8 5 14875 1700 till 91 25 1253,6 12696 12857 1:3018 i:;i79 p;;339 V.ioO'Q i:3661 1:3.821 1:39 8 2 14143 14304 14625 14786 14946 i:3429|1.5107 1.5268 1.5429 1.5589 1.5750 1.5911 l(X;i71 16232 1C>:]98 l(i554 1(;714 16S75 17036 17196 17357 17518 17679 S3 9 isooo isuu is;; 21 1<182 l.s<;43 1S.S04 18964 Table showing the Value of OATS— 35 lbs, to the Bu. 1000" 100, 10 ! 28571 143 2P 485^ 5'1:4=^ 5'43» 5,7:1* 62:8« 6,5i7i G85^ 7ti;4^ 7412^ 7|7|1* 8000 82;8« 8i5,7^ 885' 9;i!4^ 942° 9,71* 100:00 10;2,8« 10,571 10;85^ ll'l'4^ 11:42^ 1171* 12 00" 12,85" 13,14^ 1342° 13,711* 14,0U" 1428« 14571 1485' 1514' 154|->° 1571^ lOO'o" 162;8« 16571 168.5' 1714^ 1742° 17711* 18(>'0" 2000 200 20 I 5714' 43 90 4-J» 97 P 102S6 1085- 1142° 1200" 12571 13143 1371* 14280 1485' 1.5429 1600" 16.5'7i 1714^ 177,1* 182 so 1885' 1942° 20000 20571 21143 2171* 2228^ 22 S5' 2342° 2400" 24571 25143 25 71* 262 S6 2685' 2742° 2800" 28571 29143 2971* 30 28'i :;osr)' 3142° :j;JOO" 32571 .3371* :34286 3485' a542° 36000 3000 300 30 I 8571 21 29 |4|3 ,57 64 145 7 1543 1629 1714 180(1 188(; 1974 205 7 21 43 2'3'H) 23^4 2400 2486 2571 265 7 2743 28;>1) 2914 ,3000 30'8(3 3171 3257 334;3 3429 35 1 4 3:> 1 4 6629 6743 6^5 7 69 71 70 80 7200 5000 500 50 I 14286 ,3,6 9,5 10,7 ;M29 :;oo( 314; 35 71 3714 3857 4000 414:; 4280 4429 4571 4714 4.S57 .5000 514:; .528 0) 5429 .5571 .5714 .5857 6)000 61 43 6286 6429 6571 67 1 4 (;f^5 7 7000 714 3 72 8 7429 7571 7714 78 57 80 00 8143 82 8 M29 85 7 1 8714 8857 9000 60001 600 60| [ 17143 4 5,7 8 1 2|9 I'A :;(■)()(» :;7,7 1 :;94: 41 1- 42 8 ( 445^ 462'. 480( 49 71 514: 5:; 1 4 .54 8 ( .565^ 58 2 '. (;(!0( (;i 71 (i:;4:; »;•) 1 4 6681 <;8 5'; 7029 720(1 7371 754 a 7714 7886 80 5: 82 2 '. 84 0( 85 7 1 874: 89 1 4 90 81 925^ 942'. 9(;oo 97 7 1 9',I43 1 01 1 41 1(V28( 104 51 1062'. 70001 700 70,1 2000 5,0| G|7 0(* 1 1 1501 340( ;36o( :)8|(M 4o'()( 420( 44!o( 4(;,o( 48()( 500 ( .5201 .54Vl( 5(;|o< .58 (H (;(io( 62 1 H (■)4|o< 66 0( 08 0( 700 < 7200 74'00 70 0» 781(10 8()'(l( 820 ( 84 (I ( 8000 88 o( bt:> -i ' 5.S 1 ;- 6(M)( 61 s> m:' fK)f,:-, 67 5 ( 69 3 > 712.= 731? 75 0( 76>«> 7b 7.' 806;: .51 82501 8438 8<')25 8813 CX ) ( M 1 91 s> 9;-;7.T 95 60 9750 9938 10125 10313 105 OU 10688 10875 11063 11250 11438 11625 1 iOO r 70001 700 70 21875 155 73 109 146 164 39;js 4156 4/ 4.' 4s 1 :j .5 7t;5»; 78 7. T 80 94 ^n 3 b.531 8' 91 >- iWO«^ 962 9844 l(Xt6;j 10281 ln50( 1071'. 109:;- 1115fJ 113 7 11.59 1181:: 12031 122o( 1246'. 1-26.^? 12^>06 1.3125 13344 13563 781 10000«12000ll4000ll6000lia>00 4 1 80001 800 80 , 25000 161 1,88 4500 47 5 ( .50 0( .52 5 ( .5.501 57 5 ( 6000 625 65001 675 7000 725 75001 775 8000 8:250 8500 875 9O0C^ 925 a500 9750 lnoo( lo-J5( 10501 1075 ( 11000 1125(1 11501! 1175C 1 •?! 1 1 l-i-i5(^ 1-25 1 U 12750 i:]ooit 250 1:5.5 00 1:5750 140 or 14250 1450(! 14750 1.5000 1.5250 1.550( 1.57501 9000 900, 90, 281 2'5 170 94 141 I'm 21I1 .506:^. .5:544 .5625 .5906 6188 W69 6750 7031 73,13 7594 7875 8156 84:?8 87 1 9 9(.>00 9281 956?{ 9s44 10125 10406 10688 10969 11250 11.53 1 11813 12094 12:575 12656 12938 1:52 1 9 1:5.500 1:5781 140 6:5 14344 14625 14906 1.51 s 8 1.M69 1.5750 ia»:51 Kw 1 3 U5594 16.^75 17156 17438 17719 14 Tab le showing the Value of BARLEY— 48 lbs . to the Bu. si 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 800C 9000 loo; 200, 300. 400, 500 600 700, 800, 900. M lOil 20| 1 30, 4o; 60, 1 eoj TOj 80 1 90 Bush. 20S33 416,67 62I50 8333 104,17 12500 145 8,3 1666; 1875,0 2>.i 52 10* 1,0 21 28 2:0 31 30 4:. j4;7 « 78 0» 139 21 35 42 49 5( 63 F ^ 10* 208 31 42 52 03 73 81 9^ L39 278 42 5,0 09 83 97 111 125 L56 318 4i7 03 7,8 94 1 09 I2f 141 .45 9375 18 75" 28 l'3 3750 4088 .50 OK 65(;;3 750t 843,8 .40 9!583 19 1:0^ 28 75 3833 47192 5750 0710 S 70 or 8625 .47 0|792 19 583 29;3;8 39:1 7 4890 58,75 0854 78;3> 8813 .48 1000" 200;0" 30 )0 4000 5000 0)000 700( 800,( IKIOO .41) 102 0" 204 P 30:03 40s;; 5104 (;i25 71 '4 ( 81 (;,'■ 9188 .50 104 H 20 83^ 31*25 41,07 5208 025 7202 833; 9375 .51 100 2^ 2125" 31 S 8 4250 53113 6;"J75 74:;s 85,0( 9563 .52 los;;'' 21 ;o^ 32,50 4;; 3 3 5417 050 75 s; 866'- 9750 .53 11()'4- 22();s-'' 33|l 3 44'l7 55I2I 0025 77:21 883'- 9938 .54 .55 1125" ii;45'^ 2201' 3);; 7 5 343 s 4500 50 25 45 S3 57 2 0750 (;s75 7S7r 80 21 90,0( 91 0,'- 101 25 10313 .50 11 00^ 23 33'* 35,1 1,0 400 71 5s:;3 700( SI 7 o:;:;; 10500 .57 11VS,7-^ 23[75" :55;()3 4750' 5938 7125 s:; 1 ; 05 0( 100S8 .58 12'08^ 24 1 1;- 30'25 4S3;; (;o:42 72 5 ( S4 5S 000'" 10S75 .59 122>== 24:.S' :i(;ss 4017 01,40 7: ; 7 5 SC.04 os;;: 11003 .60 12,5:0" 2:) 0" ;;ir)0 50001 0250 7500 S7 5( 1000( 11250 .01 12f -o« 2541' 3Sil;3 5083* (i354 70 25 ssoc 1010'- 11438 .62 12' )\v 25 S33 387i5 5107 0458 7750 90 4 2 1033: 11(;25 .03 13] [2^ 20 35" 3938 52150 (J503 78 7 5 01 SS 1050( llSl'3 .04 13'; y 20 50^ 40 00 5333 0007 80,00 0:;;;:) 100)07 l;iOOO .05 135142 27 083 40 0|3 54|l:7 0771 81 25 *t4 7'. 1083';- 121 8,8 .0(5 13,75" 27 50" 41 2*5 55,00 08,75 8250 0025 1100( 12375 .67 13,9,5« 27 )V 418:8 5583 09(7,9 8:; 7 5 07 71 11107 12503 M 14 10^ 1437s 28 333 4250 5007 70;83 85,0,0 0017 n:;3; l;3750 .09 28 75" 4313 575;0 71*88 8025 1000:; 1150( i;io:3;8 .70 14583 29 10^ 4375 58'33 7202 8750 1020s 110,07 13125 .71 14792 29 583 4438 59117 7:] 90 8S 7 5 10:; 5 4 lis;;; i;;3i3 .72 i5o!()" 30 00" 4500 ooo|o 7500 1K)00 10500 l;joo( i:;5o0 .73 ir)2o« 30 \V 4503 6083 7004 9125 100'4 2 12107 i:;os8 .74 154|l' 30 833 4025 oi'<;7 7708 925 10702 123;;: i:;s75 .75 1502^ 31 25" 40,88 0250 7s 1:; 9:; 7 5 loo:;s 1250( 14003 .70 15,8 33 31 60^ 47:50 03:33 701 7 0500 110s;; l;iOt;7 14250 .77 10042 32 0S3 4sV:! 04 '1 7 SO 21 '.Ki25 11220 1283: 144;; 8 .78 1025" 32r)'0" 4S75 0500 SI 25 0750 11:; 75 i:;oo( 14025 .79 104 5" 3201- 403 S 05 s;; S2 2 OS 7 5 11521 i:;i07 14813 .80 100(i' 3;i33'' 5000 000 7 8:;:;:; 10000 11007 l:;:;3: 15000 .81 10 8 7^ 33 75" 50 03 07,50 84 3 s 1012 5 lisi:; i:;5o( 15188 .82 1708^ 341 !0^ 51 25 OS:;:; 8542 1025(1 1105S i:j(;o7 15;; 75 .8:3 172,92 34 5 S'^ 51 SS 094 7 804 10;; 7 5 12104 i:;s;;; 15503 .U 175,0" 350,0" 5250 701)0 8750 10500 12250 ]400( 15750 .85 17,7,0« 354!r 53 1 3 70's:} 8S54 10025 12;; 00 HUm 15038 M\ 17 Oi- 35s:j- 5;! 75 7107 80 5 s 10750 12542 14:;:;: 10125 .87 ls 12^ 3025' 5438 7250 *HMi:; 10S75 120SS 14501 ir):;i3 .KS ]S33^ 300(;' 5500 7:;:;;; 010 7 110 00 12s;]:; 14007 10500 .89 IS 5 42 37 OS'* 5503 74 1 7 02 7 1 11125 12070 us;;;; looss IV> 1875' 37.50" 5025 75,0,0 93 75 1125,0 13125 150,00 1087,5 .91 18 95« 37 91^ 50 m 75'83 04 7i> 113 7I5I 132 71 I51I07 17063 Table showing the Value of CORN in Ear— 70 lbs toBu . 15 ^ ( 1000^ 2000' 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 ■^\ 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 M 10 1 20 1 30 1 40 ( 50, ! 60 ] 70 , 80 90 1 Bush. i42 8« 28571 4286 5714 7143 857,1 lOOOO 11429 12857 S'K 1 M^ !l43 '21 29 36 43 '50 .57 614 8.20 2857 571* '8571 1143 14129 1714 2000 2286 2.571 •^.21 30po 6000 9,001 1200 1500 180 2100 2400 2700 C.22 31:43 6286 943 1257 1.517 I 1886 2200 2514 2S29 ?.2:3 3286 6571 980 13,14 1643 1971 :^;3 00 2(;'J9 2957 .24 3429 685' 10 2 'J I'vi 17|l4 205 7 2400 2743 30 86 .25 35,71 7143 1071 1429 17,s(; 214:; 250,0 2857 3214 .26 371* 742^ 1114 1486 18,-5 7 22 2 9 26'00 2971 3343 .27 385' 771* 1157 1543 1929 2314 2700 3086 ;347,1 .28 400''^ 8,000 8286 1200 1600 20 00 2400 28,00 3200 3600 .21) 4143 1243 1657 20 71 2486 2900 3314 3729 .30 4286 8:5,71 1286 1714 21 43 2571 3000 3429 38.5,7 .31 4429 88,57 1329 17;71 22 14 265 7 310,0 3543 3986 .32 45,71 9143 1371 1829 22 86 2743 32,0,0 .3657 41l|4 .3;j 471* 9;429 1414 1886 2;3|5 7 2829 33,00 37 71 4243 .34 4,85^ 971* 145,7 1943 24 29 2914 34TJ'0 ;;sst', 43 71 .35 500^ lOO'Oo 1500 2000 25 00 3000 3500 400 4500 .36 5l'43 10,2,86 1543 2057 25 71 3086 36,0,0 4114 4629 .37 5,286 105,71 1586 2114 26 43 3171 37,0,0 4229 4757 .38 5429 10857 162 9 2171 0- u 325 7 380;0 4343 4886 .3'.) 5571 11143 16 71 222 9 27>>6 3343 390,0 4457 5014 .40 5 71* 11429 1714 22 s 6 2815 7 3429 4000 4571 514|3 .41 5 8 57 1171* 175,7 2343 29 29 3514 410,0 4686 5400 .42 6000 12,0,00 i8o;o 2400 00 3600 42,0,0 4800 .43 6143 1228« 1843 2457 71 3686 430,0 440,0 4914 5529 .44 6286 12'57i 1886 2514 31 43 3771 5029 56.57 5786 .45 6429 12857 1929 2571 32 14 3857 450,0 5143 .4<5 6571 13143 1971 2629 3286 3943 460,0 5257 .5914 .47 6,71* 134,29 2014 2686 335 7 40 2 9 47,00 .53 71 6043 .4.8 6 8 57 13 71* 205,7 2743 3429 4114 480!0 .5486 6171 .49 700'^ 14000 210,0 2800 3500 4200 4900 .5600 (>J00 .50 7143 142'86 2143 2857 35 7 1 42 si; .500,0 .5714 6429 .51 7289 14571 2186 2914 3643 43 71 .5100 5829 (55.57 .52 7429 14857 2-2,29 2971 3714 445 7 52;0'0 5943 668,6 .53 7571 15143 a'^vi 3029 3786 4543 .5:300 6057 681 4 .54 771* 1542» 2S1|4 3086 385 7 4(;2 9 .541K) 6171 694 3 .55 7 8 57 15 71* 235,'7 3143 392 9 4714 .550 6286 707 1 .56 800'^ ir,(i()0 24 00 32(10 4(M)0 4s 5(;oo (hi 00 720 .57 8 143 It; 286 244'3 32571 4(V7 1 4s.s(; .57|0 6514 7329 .58 8286 165 71 2486 3314 4143 49 7 1 .5S00 6629 7457 .59 8429 16 8 57 2.529 3^371 42 1 4 .5057 .590 6743 liT .60 8571 17143 2571 3429 4286 .5143 6(f00 fi857 78 4i .61 8,71* 17429 2614 3486 435 7 .5229 610 6971 .62 8 8 57 1771* 265 7 3543 4429 .5314 62,00 7086 7971 .63 900*^ 18(H)0 2700 3600 4.5|00 .5400 (v)00 7200 8100 .64 9143 182S6 2743 3657 45 71 .548(5 (UOO 7314 822,9 .65 9286 18571 2786 3714 4643 .55 71 (>5(tO 7429 .S:;.5,7 .66 9429 18 8 57 2829 3771 4714 .5(55 7 (iiKU) 7543 8486 .67 9571 10143 2871 3S529 47 86 .574:; (;7oo 765 7 861|4 .68 971* 19429 2914 Mssc, 4^.5 7 .5S'.".l (;>oo 7771 874^3 .69 9'857 1971* 295 7 ;;'.)4:; 40-0 .5914 (;<.ioo 7886 88 7!l .70 10000 2000«> oOOO 4000 50 ooi 6000 70 00 8000 90 Oi 16 Table Showing Value of CORN in Ear— 75 & 80 lbs. to Bu. 2' ( 1000" 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 ^\ lOOi 200 30( ) 4001 5001 6001 7001 800 90( ) M 10 20j 30 40 CO 60 70 801 90 Bush. 13 h' 2666' 40 30 53 u 66 ^b 80 DO 9333 ■nt? 120 30 :?H lO- 183 2 -V ;;{ 1 ) 47 50 1-^1 ^'O" 5 300 8- U) IK 20 14 10 10 SO 19( ;o ;224 25 20 •u.2:a t8'* r W 8^ iO IK ■^8 14 37 17 ;o 20. >;5 28 4 7 20- 10 ^.33 8( )0' OJ 33 9: 12 r 27 15 !;> 18 40 21 417 ;2458 27 30 = •24 8: *0^ 0- 10" 9( 12.^ >0 i<; )() 19 20 224J0 ;25(5( ;28^ iO F-.sr, 8: 533 0( 56- lot 18; 'i'^ 10 57 20 )0 O'J ; ■!;> ;20(;7 80 )0 D?-'^<> 3- M)^ 01 133 10 ^ 18 ^ ^'~ 17 ^1-' 20 S|0 24- '7 ;27T8 31 20 - 07 •Si 500 7^ 20" 10.^ <0 14- tl() is )!(. 21 (1 ;25 ; 2|0 28 S 32 10 ^28 8' -03 7;J te^ 11 r. 141 \-' 18 ■'[7 4) 20 i;; ;29S7 .8:5 50 .29 8^ ^0^ 7'' -33 IK 15. ' 11) 0;; 20 271 '!7 ;5oii;! 84 >0 .80 41 IQO 8( )0" 12 ( 101 'III ;2()( Ijll 24 )0 28o|o ;!2o( :;o( )0 .81 4 33 8^ 20^ 12-! 10: *i'* 20 ( )7 24 SO 28' 8 ;380 7 ;57 ; 20 .82 4: JO- 8" )83 12 > 17( ' 2K 58 25 () 29 S 7 84 1 :5 ;5s - 10 .88 4- 10^' 8.^ U)" 18-. 17 ( 22 ( )0 2(5 1) 80 SO 8521 ;59( 50 .84 4.= )83 9( )0' 18 ( IS] h 22 ( 57 27 2. 81 ' 8 30;2 7 40 i ^0 .8.5 4( )0" 9: 533 ]4( ]S(;;7 ;2;5; !:5 2S (. 82017 37 >) ;5 42 ( )0 .80 4f 50<' 9( 30" 14^ 11-2 > ;24( >0 2S slo 88!(;!<> 8S40 4:;; 20 .87 4' )8^ 9 J >0" 14> 19' •J ;24( 57 2i) 5I0 ;]4:.:; ;;u3 7 44- 10 .88 51 )0" 101 83 15: ;2o; 7 25; 58 80 10 :;:. 1 ; 411:.;:; 45 ( 50 .89 5: 20" 10- tO" 15 ( ;2(i> ;2(U 30 81 20 8»5,4|t) 41:00 40 > <0 .40 5: 533 10 ( 50^ KU (» ;2i; );3 20 ( • 7 82 )0 371 58 421(5 7 48 ( 30 .41 5- [6^ 101 )33 1(H 21 > ■>7 27- 58 82 •;o 38^ 27 48178 49; 20 .42 5f jOf n- 20" 10.^ ^0 22- \() 281 ;o 38 ;o 81)|: M) 44!so 50- to .48 5' -33 11- M3- 17; >0 22 1 1 8 28 »7 84 10 4ok; 45S,7 5K 50 .44 5i iQ' 11 '■ 33 17 ( 2;! - tr 29; 5;5 85 2) 41;0:7 40^1;; 52 > ^0 .45 )Oo 121 300 ISC 24 ( )0 80 to 80 )) 42:0|0 4SOjO .54 ( )0 46 L33 12: 20^ 18^ ;i4; ")8 30 57 3(5 S() 4211!;; 41>'o!7 55; 20 .47 >0" 12. 333 18): 25 ) 7 31 53 87 )0 4:;s7 5018 50- JO .48 0- 10" 12. ^0" 19^ 25 ')() 82 30 8S4:0 44 so 51 ^^O 57|( iO 49 533 18 3 0' 19( 50 20 '.] 32 57 81)!:J() 45 7;; 5;2j27 5Sif 50 ..50 (•) )0' 18 )83 201 20 ( 57 88 5 ;5 40 )0 4o;oi7 5:553 (50 ( 30 Bush. 12 50" 25 30" 37. 50 DO 62 50 75<- DO 8750 loopp 112 50 - V 03 12^ 9 25 n 5S 14:4 i5l() ? )6 =^.22 r5o 5 SO" 8; 25 11 30 13' "^5 16 ! 50 192 5 ;22oo ;24'" "5 5.ri8 ^75 5 r5o 8( 58 11 U) 14; 58 17; 25 ;20l!;i ;2;;oo 25 ,*■ vS 1.24 3 300 30" 9( )0 12 )0 15 >() 1 S ( l'( ) ;.'l I'o ;24O0 ;27( 30 ?.25 3 125 250 9 iS 12 >o 15 >'] is;:, ;J1 ^^ ;25'oo ;>8] N P-.26 3 250 6 30" 9 %5 18 )0 10; 2 5 liir.M 22 '1 5 2(500 »()• 5 -g.27 |.28 3 376 750 101 8 18 50 10.^ -is ;20:2,5 ;2;;i>;! 27'o'o 8( 8:8 3 500 7 30" 10: )0 14 to 175i> :2] 00 ;23r)0 •js ( ),u ;;i50 ".29 3 32^ 7 250 10 > >S 14 lO isl':; :il!7'5 ;_>,■", :;s 21 lot) :52;(3 .80 3 750 7 50" U: 25 15 ( )(» IS 7:. 2;2,5iO 20;2 5 31 b'o ;38,75 .81 8 ^75 7 ro" IK ;3 15 )() I9!;s 28;2;5 27 1 8 8488 80 010 .82 4 30" 8 30" 121 )0 ]0j( )() 20110 ;24 OjO ;2soo ;;2;Oo .88 4 12» 8 25" 12: ]S Klj. )0 ;>o'08 ;24;j5 ;2sss ;;;;o'o 371 p .84 4 25" sl )0" 12' -Ir- l'i< U) 2l|25 25. 50 ;21t7!5 ;;4;0j0 38;. \^ .85 4 S ~, ')" !::];; i'';- )() 21 Ms 20 if 25 3o;( 8 35'op 39: p .80 4:>o i;;:,ii IM III 22'- )() 30 sir 3600 40.: h .37 4 h'-'' '. ' ■-' •"> l:;^^ ]s 1') 28' :5 "5 82> s 3700 4K 3 .88 4 7i5'' '. 1 :> ( 1 1 3 •.' 5 vM )0 o;;," 5 28' 3 38215 3800 42'; 5 .89 4 p '. 1 7 ■') ' Mt;;; ii)|. )0 ;24; )S 29'; 25 84 V8 ;3900 48> 8 .40 5I 13,0" 1" IjU" 15i< ll(» ;2(ii( 10 251 10 80i( )0 85;( 10 1 40 ()0 4.5k b showing value of articles sold by the TON— Hay , Coal. 17 i I 1000^^ 2000 ^ 1 3000 4000 5000 600C 7000 8000 9000 100, 200, 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 l( 10 1 20,1 30 40,1 50 1 60 1 70 80 1 90 1 8 .10 25 50 8 10 13 ii's IS 2i8 loo 113 £'.50 2.50 500 7,5 1,00 125 15C 175 200 225 3.00 10,00 20,00 2250 30,0 400 500 60C 700 80,0 900 2.25 1125 33'8 450 563 67.'] 788 90,0 1013 2..50 1;250 2500 37,5 500 625 75C 8'7:5 1000 1125 2.75 137^ 27:50 413 550 688 82.' 963 11 0,0 1238 3.00 1500 3000 450 6i00 7,5:0 90C 1050 120,0 13.50 3.25 16!25 3,250 488 6,50 8'l3 9,7.^ 1138 130.0 1463 3.50 17,50 3500 525 700 8,7,5 10 5 ( 1225 1400 15 T 5 3.75 1875 3750 503 7;5;o 9,38 112.- 1313 1500 loss 4.00 2000 4000 600 8,0,0 10,0,0 1201 1400 16 0:0 1800 4.25 2125 4250 ens 8.50 1063 12:7.^ 14:88 1700 191 3 4.50 2250 4,500 675 9,00 11,25 1350 15 75 18 0:0 2025 4.75 2375 4750 713 950 1188 1425 1663 19 0:0 2138 5.00 2500 5000 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 20(1 2250 5.25 2625 5250 7S8 10,50 1313 15 75 1N3S 2100 236:5 5. .50 27,50 5500 82,5 11,0,0 1375 16 5 ( 1925 22 ( 1 24 T 5 5.75 2875 5;75o 863 1150 1438 172.1 2013 2300 2.5 SS 6.00 3000 6000 900 12,0,0 1500 180,0 21,00 ;J40'0 2T00 6.;35 3l'25 62,50 938 12,50 1503 18,75 2l'8'8 2500 281 3 6.50 3250 65|Oo Vp 13,0,0 16,25 195^ 2275 2600 2925 6.75 3,375 6 750 I0'l3 13:5'0 1088 202^ 2363 2700 :3038 7.00 3.500 7,0,00 10.50 1400 IT 50 2l!0l0 2450 280,0 :3150 7.25 302^ 7;250 1088 1450 1813 .J1T,5 2538 2900 :3263 7.50 3:7:0' 7500 1125 15:0:0 18|T5 22.5'0 26,2,5 :30,o:o 33:7:5 8.00 4'00o 8000 1200 16,00 2000 2400 280,0 3200 360|0 8.50 4;2;5o 8'5.0o 1275 17,00 2125 2550 29:7,5 :3400 3825 9.00 45;00 90,00 1350 18,00 2250 270'0 31150 3600 4050 9. .50 4|7;5o 95,00 1425 19,0:0 23 75 2850 3:3:25 380,0 4275 10.00 .5000 10000 loOO 2oo;o 25,0 3000 a50o 4000 4500 10. .50 5250 10500 15,7,5 2100 2625 315,0 3675 4200 4725 11.00 .5'50o 11000 16,5,0 2200 2750 3300 :3850 4400 4950 11.50 5i75o ll|500 17,2.5 2300 28,75 ?AoO 4025 4600 .5175 12.00 6,000 12,000 18|00 2400 30,00 360,0 4200 4800 .5400 12.50 6,250 125^00 18,7,5 2500 3125 37.5,0 4375 500'0 .5(;25 13.00 6500 130:00 loslo 26,0,0 3250 3900 4550 520;0 5850 13.50 67|50 13500 202,5 27,0,0 3:375 40.50 4725 .5400 6075 14.00 70:00 72:50 75'oo 14|0'00 2100 280'0 350'0 4200 4900 .5600 6:300 14. .50 14j5;oo 2l|75 2000 3025 4:^.50 .5075 .5800 a525 1.5.00 150:00 2250 soo'o 37'50 45()'0 .5250 6000 6750 16.00 8000 160,00 2400 32,00 4000 4800 5600 (>400 7200 17.00 85;oo 17000 2550 3400 4250 51 00 5950 6SO0 7650 18.00 90,00 i8o;oo 27,00 3600 4500 .5400 6:300 7200 8100 19.00 9o;0o i90;oo 2850 3800 4750 5700 6650 7600 8550 20.00 10,000 20000 3O'00 4000 .5000 (5000 7000 8000 9000 21.00 10.500 2l'0'00 3150 4200 5250 twoo 7:350 S400 W50 22.00 11000 22O00 3300 4400 .5500 6600 7700 8800 W(»0 2;i00 11.500 23000 3150 4600 5750 6900 .8050 9200 10350 ai.oo 12000 24000 3600 4800 a>oo 7200 S400 t)600 10800 25.00 12.500 2.5000 37.50 5000 6250 7500 ST 50 UM)00 11250 26.00 13. 0.00 26 0.00 1 3900 52 JOl 6500 7800 9100 IWOO 11700 18 Table showing Value of articles sold by the 1000; Lumber, &c. 1000 100, 10 50 200« 250« 275" 800'^ 825'^ 350<^ 3750 400'^ •4 2 50 4500 4750 5o;oo 550" 650" 70'00 7o0'J 8000 8500 9o;o" 9o0" 1000" 1100" 1200" 13000 14000 1500" 160 0" 17,00" 18,0,00 19,000 2000" 21,0 0" 2200" 2::300" 2400" 2500" 2000" 2700" 2800" 291)00 3000 ol 00" :;200' 00 00' 8400* 3500" 36000 2000 200 20 , iio<^ 200 5,00 10:00 4000 45,00 5000 5500 6000 65'00 7000 T5'00 8000 85,00 9'0;Oo 9500 lO'OOo 110,00 12,000 13,000 14000 15000 16000 1700" ISOO" 190 0" 2000" 220!oo 240:00 26'opo 28000 30OUO 320;oo 340,00 36,0po ;580po 40000 420 00 44000 40000 4S00" 500 00 5200'^' 54 0" 500 0" 5so'o" (•)000" (WOO (■>4(iO Of) <;s()o 7000 72000 3000 300 30 i 15 80 75 150 600 (J. 7,5 0| 825 900 9I75 1050 11 12001 127 1850| 14,25 1500 105 1800 195 2lio( 2250 240 25 5 ( 2700 28 : 30P ( > 3o'o( 30'o( 39,0 42 4500 480 51 '00 5400 57< 6000 63 0( 6(;o( 6901 7201 75 7S00 81 4 ( 8S00 92 o( •h;oo 10000 10-100 lo,soo 11200 11600 12000 12400 12N0(I 13200 13000 14000 14400 5000 500 50 I 251 Islo 125 250 1000 11 12501 13 2850 332. 50 CI 30OO 35 0( 27. )0 3( 10 ;j2 5 35 3750 40 00 4250 4500 47 ."30 5000 .5500 600 (wO'O 70 0( 7501 8000 8.")0( IM 1 ( 9501 10001 10500 iio'o'o 11500 1 2( 10 12.^ 1 :jo ( » 135 0( 14001 14500 i5lMMt 1.55 00 10000 16500 17000 17500 1.80 OOl 6000 600 60 3:01 6,0 50 8100 1200 1400 1350J 1500 1650 192." 3300 3600 390 420 4500 4S00 5100 54 00 5701 60001 6601 72|10 7800 8400 9001 9<;oo 10200 losoo 11401 12000 12601 13201 13S00 14401 1.5000 1.56 16201 KMK 17401 1 SO 1 ) ISO 19200 19S00 20400 21001 7000 700 70 I 351 17io 350 38.) 4200 4550 4900 .5250 5600 .5951 630,1^ 66 5 i 7001 7701 8401 91 01 980 10501 11200 11001 120 133 01 14001 1470 1.5400 10100 losoo 17500 1 S-i 111) isooo r.H;iii 2o:;iii JlOOl 21701 224 01 2:11 00 23s 00 245 21600«;2.5200'2; 8000 800 80 I 80 200 400 1600 1800 20 01- 220 c 2401 2(H>1 2801- 30 00 320,0 3400 3600 3800 4001 44 IM 4801 .5201 .5601 6001 6401 6801 72001 7601 SiiOO SS 1 1 •h;oo 10400 112(>0 12001 12s 13001 1441M 1.520( 10000 it;soi 17601 1S40( 19200 200 00 20s Ijl 216 01 2240 2320 24000 24801 2.5600 2r>400 272 1 2SO0I :8800 9000 900, 90, 45 |9!0 225 450 1800 2025 2250 247'5 2700 29'2'5 815,0 887,5 8600 8825 40'50 4275 4500 49.50 5400 5850 68;op 67:50 72,00 7650 8100 8.550 9000 9900 10800 11700 126,00 13500 1440,0 1.5800 1620'0 171010 i8o;op 189,00 )80p 20700 216,00 2250,0 23400 2430.0 2.520:0 261 |0p 270,00 279,00 288,00 297,00 306;op ;i.5'op 3240l0 Table showing value of articles sold by the 100— Cattle, Hogs. 19 1000 100 10, ]0 1,0 1,5 2( 3,0 4000 5000 Tr slop 9^00' 10000 l2o'0 1.^0,00 IT's'oo 20'000 22'500 25'000 27500 30;0'00 32!5:Oo 35000 3T;50o 40,0,00 42:500 45|00o 47;5;Oo 5000 5250 5.50I00 5T500 60'o!oo 625:00 &500'' 6750" 7000" 7250" 75(M)' 7750" 800 0" 8250" 8.500" 8750" WOO" 9250' 9.500" 9750" 10000" )250' ..50|105(>O' i 10750" 00610000 5 10-^ 2000 200 20 I 100 20:0'^ 3,0(0 40,0^ 5,0j0'^ 600 SOJOo 100:0" 12i0!00 14:0:00 1600" 1800" 2000" 2.50;0" 300(0" ao'oo" 40 (JO" 45(10" 50,0,0" 5.5!0O" 600(V' a5uo 70!(M)' 75'0'n" 800 1)" 8.5,0,0 90:000 95000 lOO'o'Oo 105'0;00 llO'OOo 115000 120000, 125000 130,0,00' 1350:00 1400 0" 145. MJ' 15(100' 10 0' 30001 300 I'so 300 4!5 60C 75 9,00 1200 1500 18 0( 21 0(. 24 0( 2700 30()( 375<: 45 0( .52 5 ( 60 0( 67 5 ( 7500 8250 no )0 )0 ItK lO.MiO" ITooo" 1750,0" IsooO' 1^50 0" r.>)O0'' 105 00" ijooriO" ■J05 0" •210 0" 21500' 22010100 1425 1.500 ( 157'5( 165,0 ( 17250 isoloo 187,50 19500 20250 21001 2175(: 2-J50( 4000 400 401 20 400 600 800 100 12:0 lo'o 2* ) ( 24 OC 280(_ 32 o( o(_;o( 40 OC .50 OC 60:0 ( 7000 So 00 WOO KWOO 110,0 oil 1200 13000 14000|l 1.5(V0( 160,00 170,00 0119000 20000 21000 22000 23000 34000 3.5000 36000 10500 11250 1200(1 12750 135|00I180:0 ■J4tJ ( 1 ( 24750 2.5500 26250 27000 27750 •JSLtOO 20-350 :;( to ( :;o75( :1150 o225 >0 1 28000 2900 30000 31000 38 3:2000 33001 ;>4000 3.5000 36000 37000 38000 39000 4(X)00 41000 2000 1143000 4--: 5000 6000 500 60 50 500 750 900 OCIC 1200 100 c 1251 1.500 18 0( 20 0< 2.50 ( 3(1 1.1 ( 35 0( 4(1 0( 45 0( .50 ( 62 5 ( 75 0( 87 5 ( 1(.H)0( 1125( 1250( 37 5 (^ 50 OC 1625C 50 C 1875C 2000 c 12 5 C 225 OC 2375 C 2500 c 2625C 2750C 28750 325 OC 2700Ci3375C 500 c 1136250 50 ( 5( 400 0( 412 5 ( 425 0( 437 5 C 4.50 0( 462 5 C 475 0( 487 50 .50001 .5125(1 600 60 3'0( 6001 0(1 15 0( 24 0C1 3( I ( t ( 36 0( 4-3 0( 4soC .54 {) C 60 0( 75 OC *.K 1 ( 1C'50C 1200c 1350C 1.50 OC 1650C 1800C 1950( 210'0C 2250C 2400C 2.55 0( 2700 ( 2850 C 3000( 315 OC 330 OC 34501 o 0000 860 0( 31250 3750C 330001 44000« 55000" 660001 3 woe 405 OC 420 OC 435 OC 4.0OOC 4050( 4,NI0( 495 0( 5100C 525 OC 54( i (.1 ( 555 0( 570 0( 585 ( 6CK)0i 615 0( 70001 700 70 i 350 7,00 10,50 !10( 28 0( 35 0( 42 0( 49 0( 8000 9000 800 900 80 90 I 400 450 800 900 1200 1350 14001 1600 ISO'O 1750| 2000 22.5'0 2400 2700 3200 360^0 4000 4500 4800 .>1(>0 5600 6;:>00 .5(300 WOO 720I0 63,0 C 7o;oo 875(. 1050C 12250 192,50 2100c 227 5 C 245 0( 26251 280 OC 2fJ75( 315 OC 33251 3.500 ( 367,5 C 385 OC 402 5 ( 420 OC 437,5 c 4.5.5,0 c 472,5 C 490 0( 507 5 C 525 01 .542 5 ( 5t;(M_)( 577 5c 5950 c 612,51 6:;0CM f>475c to(M .52500 6;B00( .5:5750 645 0( 7200 8100 8000 900,0 10000 11250 12000 i:>500 14000 1.57.50 140 00] 1*30 00 18000 157,50 18000 202.50 1 75,0 0| 200 00 22500 22000 247.50 24000 270 O'O 2cK)00 21t250 28000 31500 30000:337.50 :320 00 36000 :>4000 :5825:0 :-](X» 00 40500 :38000 427.5'0 40000 4.5000 42000 47250 44000 49500 46000.51750 48000.54000 .50000 56250 .52000.58.500 .54000(30750 .-1(3000 6::>0 00 .5S00 0*6,52 50 00000 67500 62000 69750 400072000 00000 74250 68000 76.500 000078750 •3<' 00 81000 4ooo8:;250 t;ooo .Si5CtO ^0(»o 877 50 soooo •HRIOO 3(tO0 9','250 S40 00 94500 ,(HMM 7175C 7:;5 0( -r,....., 7.5:j5( n;000 W7oO 77010 Ol 880:001990010 20 Table showing the INTEREST at 6 per ct. from $1. to $2000 :&< $1 500 $200" $300 $400 $500 $6 00 $70C ) $800 $9 00 H lOj 201 30: 40! 50 6 70 80 90 li 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ^ 1 l^ 33 "' 7 8 10 L' I 13 15 ^i 33 50 100 i!o 1;5 U 17 2,5 20 2;; 30 '6.1 ) 27 40 3|0 4J5 4 6^ 1I33 2,0 27 33 40 4' " 5h 60 5 83 16^ 25 f 42 50 5', -; 67 75 6 100 200 30 50 6;0 7,( ) 8,( 90 7 IV 3,5 47 5,8 70 8, 2 9': 105 8 133 20^ 40 53 67 80 9 3 1|0!7 1|20 135 9 150 300 4^5 60 '^i'^ 9,0 1,0. > 120 10 16^ 333 5,0 6!7 83 1 0,0 11; " iN'^ 1150 11 183 36^ 55 7;3 9:2 1 10 12 ^ 147 165 12 300 i\V 400 60 8:0 IjOO 1 20 14'( ) 160 3 1173 1 80 13 433 6'5 8,7 1I08 1 ,30 1.5; 1 95 14 333 46^ 7:0 9:3 1 17 1 40 1 0,; i 187 1.0 15 250 500 7|5 1 00 1 2-5 1 50 17|. i 20:0 2:25 16 36^ 533 8,0 1 07 1 33 1 60 18; - 213 240 17 383 56^ 85 1 13 1 4;2 1 70 19J ^ 22,7 255 18 3'00 600 90 1 20 1 50 1 80 21 ( ) 240 27(» > 19 5|l' 6,33 95 1 27 1 58 1 90 22b I 2,'5'3 285 20 333 607 I'OO 1 33 i|6;7 00 23:^ } 26,7 300 21 550 $ i;o5 1 40 175 2 10 24f ) 280 3;i|5 22 36^ no 1 47 1183 2 20 25^ ' 2:93 330 23 383 76^ 115 1 53 1:9,2 2 30 26^ i 3;o:7 3'4'5 24 ibo 800 120 1 6;0 20'0 2 4:0 28!( ) 320 :360 25 i\y 833 125 1 67 20|8 2 50 219^ J 3313 ;375 26 433 867 130 1 7'3 2117 2 60 3,0;;^ 34)7 3'6|() 390 27 450 400 135 1,80 Mi 2 70 31.^ 4!o:5 28 46^ 933 140 l'87 80 3i2|7 3173 420 29 483 d67 145 1 ,03 242 90 33:b 3:817 435 33 550 1 Lpo 165 2:20 275 ',] 30 3,8.^ 4'4|0 49;5 63 1 OSo 2 [00 3;i5 420 525 6 30 73'r 84'0 94*5 93 15i50 3 100 405 ()20 77;5 9, 3|0 108: 124:0 13I95 ? I j5|0'' iWoo 1 OjOo 1:5,0 rijoo 2|5jO 010 35(. 4:0,0 4|5:o 2 o 2 000 :-;()() 4,00 5'0l0 00 7,0 C 8:00 oo'o f 3 1500 3 000 450 000 75^0 00 10 5 C 120(1 i;i5o 4 OQJOO 4 000 0(»o soo lo'oo 12 00 HOC 1()0() IS 0,0 « 5 2.500 5 000 7,5|0 1000 1250 15 00 17 5 ( 2000 22,5,0 6 3000 6 000 900 l:.'oo 150 18 00 21 0( 240 27!00 7 3!500 7 000 10(5,0 14,00 175;0 21 0,0 245(_ 280() 31|50 8 4i00o 8 000 1200 1000 2000 24 0,0 2800 3200 .360,0 9 4'500 90100 13;50 IS 00 2250 27 )0 31 5 ( 3600 405,0 10 5000 loo'o" 1500 20 250 30 )0 35 0( 4000 450j0 11 5500 1100" i(;50 2200 2750 '.):] )0 3S5( 4400 495;0 ^ 1 0,010" l-OjO" 1800 24 0,0 oOOO M) 42|in 4S00 .-4!0|0 12000 24 (00 36o:o 48 o;o 600|0 72 10 ,S4'(l'( 9000 10800 ' 3 1S,000 y(;olO" 5400 72 00 9000 los 10 12(lii'( 14400 16200 4 240,0" 4S00" 7200 9(')00 12000 144 )0 i(;soo 10200 2160|0 5 oOOU" 0(100" WOO 12000 15000 ISO 10 21000 24(M)0 27000 ? ;^ 123,0" 24:72" ;>7()s 4944 61 KO 74 S«;52 < »s s s 1111214 17191 1 ^ 191|02 38:2,0^^ 5730 7041 95 51 114> il i:;:i71 152,S1 ^ 4 20248 52'49'^ 7S74 10499 131124 157- 19 is:; 7;; 20008 23623 S" 5 33:823 «7:ol4^ 101417 135i29 16911 302' t,4 230,7:6 270;5'8 304 4|0 f^ 6 411 8152 8:3 704 125 5j6 167 4111 209 3;6i 351 lf392!96 ;334;8;2 376l6 17 Cable showing the INTEREST at 7 per ct. from $1. to $2000 21 "c-i $100 $2000 1 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 M 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 ll 1 2 1 3 4 1 5 1 6 1 7| j 8 1 9 J 1 1" 39 6 8 10 1,3 14 16 18 39 78 12 1^ 19 23 27 31 3.5 3 |58 l'l7 18 23 29 13:5 41 47 .5!3 4 i7« l;5« 23 31 3,9 |47 ,54 62 70 5 19* 2,9 39 49 5,8 6,8 78 88 6 i;i^ 233 3,5 47 58 7;o 82 93 1 05 7 13« 072 41 5,4 68 82 95 l!09 1 23 8 i;5« 3P k^ 62 7:8 93 109 124 1 40 9 175 350 |53 7,0 88 I'Oo i;2;3 140 1,58 10 19* 3'89 ;58 78 97 IjlT l'3,6 15,6 175 11 21* 428 6'4 86 1^07 li28 150 1171 193 12 233 467 70 93 117 i;40 16:3 fl 2|lO 13 253 506 76 I'oi 12,6 1,52 1,77 228 14 272 54* 82 109 13,6 l|63 191 21 '8 1*5 15 292 5,83 88 117 146 1 75 204 2313 2'63 1<» 31» 622 93 124 156 1 8,7 218 24:9 280 17 331 66^ 99 132 16'5 1 98 23,1 264 2'98 18 350 700 105 1,40 175 2 10 2'45 2:8,0 3,15 19 3:69 7:39 111 1,48 185 222 259 296 33,3 20 389 7;78 ll7 15,6 1 94 23,3 2,7,2 3lll 350 21 408 81' 123 1,63 20'4 245 286 32i7 3168 22 423 85« 128 1|71 214 2|57 219:9 342 385 23 447 89* 1.34 179 224 2,68 31^3 3:5:8 403 24 46' 93^ 140 18'7 2'33 280 327 3)7:3 420 25 4 8« 972 1*46 li94 243 292 3:40 3,8,9 438 26 50« 1 OP 152 2,o;2 25,3 3:03 354 404 455 27 525 1050 158 21'0 26,3 315 368 420 4;7|3 28 54* 108« 1:03 21:8 o'^o 32,7 381 436 4^0 29 56* l!l2« 1,69 2,26 2'8'2 33,8 395 451 508 33 642 11283 l'93 2,5,7 3;2;i 385 4'49 513 57:8 63 1 005 2450 3,68 4'90 613 735 858 980 1103 93 1808 i^v 5'43 7.2,3 9,0,4 1085 1266 1447 1628 2 1 ;58^ 1;16' 1;75 233 292 350 4(i.s 467 .525 £ 2 116^ 2333 350 46 7 583 7,00 817 933 1050 %. 3 1 75'> 3;5;oo 5125 7:00 875 10,5,0 1225 140:0 15,7,5 4 2333 4;6,67 7,00 933 116,7 14|00 1633 1867 21,00 5 2917 5833 8,75 1167 1458 17,50 2042 2333 2625 6 3500 7i0,0o 1050 14,00 1750 2100 2450 280,0 31,50 7 4083 8167 1225 10,33 2042 2450 2858 3267 .3675 8 466^ 9333 1400 1867 2333 2800 3267 3733 4200 9 5250 10500 1575 2100 2625 3150 3675 4200 4725 10 5833 11667 1750 2333 2917 3500 4083 4667 525,0 11 6417 12833 1925 2567 3208 38 50 44 9 -J 513;-; 5775 ■^.- I 7;U|0'> 14 UU" 2100 28 OU 3500 420 49 (Ht 5000 (•).3M0 i 2 14000 28000 4200 5600 7000 8400 9800 11200 126^00 ^ 3 21000 4200" 6300 8400 10500 12000 14700 ItiSoo ISO 00 \ 4 28000 56^000 8400 11200 14000 16'^ 00 l*:H>rio 224 00 25200 ^ 5 3500" 70000 105(V0 1400(1 17500 210 (!]0 24500 280 1 H » 31500 r. 2 1449'' "^m^"' 434 7 5796 7245 8694 10143 115 92 13041 i 3 2250* 45009 67'51 9002 11252 13503 15753 lSOo;j 20254 i 4 3i:0'S'^ 62159 9324 12432 15540 18648 21756 24-^04 2797'2 ?l 4( 5( i- 8( 10( )510 ),1^« 12c 15C 7i7 •2I2 161 200 201 250 28 3i7 241 ?00 1 281179 35Ci5ll 322i0,4 4001518 iift 22 Table showing the INTEREST at 8 per ct. from $1. to $20 DO ■& $100 I $200 1 $300 $400 $500 $600 $7001 $800 $900 'ii 10 1 20 301 401 50 60 70 80 90! •c 1 2 3 4 5 1 e 1 7 1 8 1 •9 1 oa 4* 9 ill 13 I'o 18 20 •§ 2 4* 89 13 18 22 •'7 3'1 36 10 3 67 1 33 20 2i7 33 i'o 47 5'3 50 4 89 78 07 36 44 53 62 ''|1 30 5 IV 002 33 •i^ 56 6,7 7;8 89 1 [)0 6 133 267 40 53 6,7 80 93 1 07 1 20 7 156 311 47 6,2 7,8 93 i;o;9 1 24 1 I'O 8 178 359 53 71 89 l!0,7 l|24 1^:2 1 (;o 9 20'> 400 60 8'0 io;o r2,o 1:40 1 60 ISO 10 2'22 24* 414* 67 8,9 1 11 5:? 1,5,6 1 7|8 200 11 pl'89 73 98 1 22 171 1 96 220 12 267 S'33 80 1 07 1 33 i6;o 187 2 13 2'40 13 2|8» 5|78 87 1 16 1 414 173 202 2j31 260 14 311 622 93 Is2i4 i:5;6 187 218 24J9 2'80 15 333 667 100 133 167 20,0 233 267 3'00 16 3,5« 711 107 142 178 213 2'4'9 2,8'4 32 17 378 756 113 151 189 227 264 302 340 18 40" 800 12:0 160 20:0 240 280 320 3(;o 19 4122 84* 127 1'69 21*1 25,3 2'9!6 3'38 380 30 44* 889 133 1,7:8 oloo 2;6,7 311 3,56 400 21 4'67 933 ll40 i;8,7 2|33 280 3127 373 42.0 22 4'89 978 147 196 24'4 2'9,3 342 391 440 23 511 1 022 153 20:4 256 307 35,8 409 427 4!60 24 533 1 067 160 21 '3 2|6'7 320 37,3 4'8'0 25 5.56 1 HI 167 oloo 27;8 3;33 3,89 444 500 26 578 1 156 173 2&1 289 347 404 462 5:20 27 6'00 i[2:oo 180 24'0 300 360 4'20 4'8I» 5 1,0 28 622 124* 187 2'49 31'1 3i73 43|6 4:9'8 5 50 29 64* 1289 193 2'58 322 387 45,1 51|6 5 ^0 33 733 1467 220 293 367 440 51|3 5,8,7 6 JO 63 1'40" 2800 420 560 700 840 980 ll!2,0 12 50 93 206^ 4!ll33 6 -JO S '3 7 103:! 1240 1447 1653 1860 rr 06^ l|3i3S 2667 20 2 6 7 400 467 "5p 6 0:0 § 2 1333 400 53 3 66 7 800 933 1067 ]20!0 ^ 3 200*^ 4000 600 8() 1000 1200 14(tO 16 (to 18( )0 4 2667 5333 800 1067 1333 it;(»o 18(;7 2133 24 ( f 5 3333 6667 1000 l33 3 16(;7 20 (to 2333 266 7 30 ( V 6 4000 8000 1200 1000 20 00 24 2800 32U.0 36 ( 7 406^ 9333 1400 1st; 7 2;] 3 3 2S(tO 3267 :]733 42;( )0 8 5333 106,67 16,00 2133 2667 3200 ;-;7;;;; 42 1; 7 48,( )0 9 6000 i2o;oo 1800 2400 3000 3600 4200 4S0 54010 6000 66;o!o 10 6667 13333 2000 26(;7 3333 4000 4(;t;7 5:):):) 11 7333 14667 2200 29:;:] 36 7 44(tO 513 3 5Si;7 ^ 1 SiUlOo lOOpo 2400" 10(110^ 240 ;:i:joo 40 4800 5t;oo ('40 I44K0 ^1 32000 480 ('4 S( > 9<;(to 11200 128 (to 480;oo 720 (M'.OO 12oo(. 144(tO i(;s'(to 19200 21 (.00 4 3-2o'oo (U'ooo tXjoO l:2soo 1C)0 1 92 00 22400 25(; ( 1 2.SS,0'0 5 40(10" so 00' irjooo icooo '.*( to 1) •.'4( too ;2S( ) i 1 :;'2oo(t :](»!o;o ? ~ itit;4" ;-;:; ■.' s'' 4Wi (;(;5(; ,s;;'jo '.)'.is4 ii(;4s i:;3T2 1497,6 1 3 259:71 51942 7701 lo:!ss 120 St; 155s;; ISlMt •20777 "233,'' 4 I 4 36049 7209^ lOS 1 5 144 -JO istf.'4 216:.'0 ~2.V::;4 •2Ss:]l) :;24^ 4224 52e|l 4 ? 5 46:933 93866 140,8,0 1877,3 2:^,66 2816,0 :;2s,53 3754 6 ^ 6 5i i( 5,87 ir -.3176 17C Pl6 234 i7i5 ^ 4[4 352 1|2| 410i8il M v> 9 Table showing the INTEREST at 10 )erct.- -$ l.t 00 $2000. 23 'c $100 $200^ $300 $400 $500 $600 $7 $800 $900 ' i J 10 20, 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 ■| 1 i 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7|| 8|i 9 1 ^ 1 2« 5" 8 11 l'4 1 ':7 19 22 25 •i 2 P' I'll 17 22 28 -3 3 39 r^-* 5'0 • 3 ,83 1,6- 25 33 4,2 5 58 67 rs 4 IV 222 33 44 56 7 78 89 100 5 139 27« 42 56 69 3 !97 111 125 6 16^ 333 50 67 83 ioo 117 133 k 7 19* 389 5'8 7^8 97 11 7 136 156 8 9:02 44* 67 89 111 lb 3 156 178 200 9 2:50 500 75 1 00 125 15 175 200 2:25 10 2I78 556 8*3 1 lil 1,39 l(j 7 194 o->o 250 11 3106 611 92 1 22 1,53 1!= 3 214 2|44 275 12 333 66' 1 00 1 i 167 200 233 267 3oO 13 361 7'22 1 08 1 l'81 21 T 253 2189 3;25 14 389 77« 1 17 1 56 194 '^;- 3 272 311 350 15 4P 8:33 1 25 1 67 208 o_; 292 333 3:75 16 444 889 1 00 1 78 000 2e 7 311 356 400 17 472 :o4* 1 42 1 SO 236 283 331 378 425 18 500 1 0,0 ■■ 1 50 2 00 2,50 300 350 400 450 19 528 1056 1 58 2 11 264 317 369 422 4,75 20 506 1111 1 67 2 00 2:7,8 333 389 444 5:0:0 21 583 116- 1 75 v) 33 2|92 350 408 4,67 525 22 611 1222 1 83 2 44 3,06 36,7 428 489 550 23 639 l'278 1 92 56 319 3,8,3 447 511 575 24 66" 1333 00 2 67 333 400 4'67 5 3 3 64 >0 25 69* 1389 08 78 347 41,7 486 556 ir26 26 722 144* 2 17 2 89 361 433 506 578 6,50 27 7.50 1500 2 25 3 00 3,7,5 450 525 600 6,75 28 778 155<= 2 33 3 11 389 4617 544 622 700 29 806 1611 2 42 3 22 403 483 564 644 725 33 91- 1833 275 3 67 458 550 642 733 825 63 1750 £500 525 7 00 875 1050 1225 1400 1575 93 258'^ 516' 775 1033 1292 1550 1808 20,67 ^ 25 50 1 1 8o^ I06' 250 333 417 500 583 667 7 i 2 1G67 3333 500 667 833 1000 116 7 1333 1500 i' 3 2500 5;ooo 7,50 1000 1250 1500 1750 200 2250 4 3333 6,6,6^ 100,0 1333 160 7 2000 2333 2667 13000 5 416^ 8333 i2;5;o 1667 20 83 2500 2917 33 3 3 3750 6 5000 10000 150,0 20:00 2500 30 ;!5(i0 4000 4500 7 5833 ll'667 175,0 2333 2917 3500 40 s:] 4607 5250 8 606' 13333 20,0,0 266 7 ;3;333 4000 4(;67 5:333 6000 9 7500 15000 225,0 3000 3750 4500 5250 6000 6750 10 8333 1666' 2500 3:333 4167 5000 5833 6667 7500 11 916^ 18 3 33 2750 3667 45 S3 a.') ( ) 6417 73:33 8250 S= 1 loui»'-' 2UU0'^ 3000 40 00 500U (KM M.I 70 (Mt a>oo •AM)0 § 2 20000 40000 6000 8000 10000 1-2(MM> 140 (Ml 16000 ISooO " 3 30000 aiooo 900,0 i2o'o;o 12000 1500 1 S( M 1 1» 21(Mm:» 240(M> 27000 ^ 4 40000 8(0 0'' i(u:too •3( H f ( H t •J4(MM) '2^11 ( ) 3-20 30000 5 5n(MV' lociuV' I'oo'o •2(}0 ( ) •j.^IMM) Ml H M M ) .'lalMM) 4(HMM) 450 00 n o :.'UiO" 4-iiMr' t;;;oo 8400 K la 1 1 1 ■.'(',( M) 147iM» nOMMI is'.lOO 1 3 33100 6<320o 90 13240 1 (;:>:,() I'.l^t'M) 2317 2( U ^ < 1 207 90 ^ 4 46410 928^0 13923 l.S.-)tU 2.'i'2(>5 2:s4(; 3-24 s ; 371 2 S 417 (U) S* 5 6l!05i 1221i02 183115 24420 305 2 6 liOClU 42736 48841 694I4I1 ^ 6 ji~t ii:5« 154 3ll2 ;^1 I4l7 SOS 16,2 385|7.8 Ki2,'. •14 544)i()i9 61712|5 CO Tt< -* m ifi ic ?o CO ?o «o i>- 11 -* lO lO O l^ l^ i c 3 [^ § •"• CO i § § S ^ I- lO I- 5^ § @ g bo a. *: > u s JT o " v < -y. c X ::; u. ^ < '!'' d *-* ^ 3 JT o o < X c ?; 'p. ^ t-; 71 7l :q ^ Zr: •-; f ! f: ^ $ t- 5 ^ o 5 « 5 fi ?. r? -3 S 1?: o ^ ^ a. * » „ f ^ » ^ •«• a, ^ N ~' -f x :-: ?iit -T i-t T ! ?^^ i-= r-T^, ^ Sit is n X ZlZ -7 1^ 5g ■o ■»• X ^ ^ o ^ _. _ ^, X •r X, (M y. ^'-^ r.^ ^ Z-:H: r.rf '~ '.2 -'^ rr •T -"-? -S Z ^ X ^X !^ Z\ ■r. ^3rj ?!?i ^ X x ?;:i X S?2?.^ •^ ^^ 5 g ?2 8g S 2 i^ -. X - ■^ ^ o ^ ,, .^. ^ •)• » -. N L- --- ~\~.\ H ?]?i :>: ?S fi :^ -^x ^' -:^ -3 ^SE ^; -z fls O ■r. -r » » -!• ^ ■J" * « ,0 * oo W ~ --- ^5^ ?? = i^ fjB ^ 58r? ^^ 2^ •3 5 s ^§ 11 g ii 00 - ~Z2t2 3^?5 s O X i^- ^ i^::^?; S ::?4 .:2 i- ;t ?2a ?^ 5 |2 iT> _ „ ^ ^ „ ^ ^ » _ ^ ^ ^ i-l i--. '^'Z-'l H^ ^ ?2 "^ H?> ~y %'^r- ?. ft^ ■-; 2 X •-i X ^ n H^ ^ ^ ^ » 00 ■«< o 00 ^ * OO „ -. » L- C5 »-^ ;:S2?^i^s^?> ^^3^2 ?; 2R£5^g^g[t S ^ 5§ (M -fU: XO Ti-^ ri Z?" -• Tl X z^ S i? |£ c. d:?.^ -t X •f? 3^^ 7. 1 "^ ?1 >> _2 CC ^ irt -O CO _^ pr -f>j: X :: = = L- -^x = Ti •-= XX r _- C^?} ?> ?■> C-» 7:! ?■> •;? -Ti Ci ?t ^t CC M n CO T}^ -* Tti Tfi Ti< -f -^ -^ X X O O ?1 Size in. ■»• » f •w L- Ci o ■?:» r: t-CiD X ooooooooo Ci '- T'» -* o t- 00 o ^^ ?t -t-' :c I' ^c: c? c^ »o r- Ji Ii -ri ci ?i ?} CO CO CO CO w ^: c^'*' -p -* 'si •-r X c: c; ?■► ct t- X =i o — (M _^ •-^ I' X — o o t- ?i CO 'f o -o t- X ^ 3 :7; 2 i Z^ Is k"^, 3^ k^ y, ?j S t.---^t-xc:o^-oico;;t;i3'O^Q020^2]§?^k'j^k-^«« Table showing contents of Saw Logs in Inch board measure. 26 L'Rth. 12 14 IG 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 5 12 ;-)() 5S 07 75 83 92 100 los 117 125 H 1'3 m 7;; S4 95 105 110 12(5 137 147 158 ^14 77 90 103 110 129 142 155 1(57 ISO 193 5- 15 9:5 109 124 140 155 171 180 202 217 233 J](> no 128 147 105 183 202 220 238 257 275 |17 128 150 171 193 214 ;>:S0 257 279 300 321 818 148 173 197 222 247 271 290 321 345 370 19 109 198 220 254 283 311 ;>39 307 3,95 423 *20 192 224 25(5 288 320 352 3.S4 410 44S 480 21 210 'J53 289 325 3(;i 397 433 409 505 541 oo 242 2S>> 323 3(53 4lt:{ 444 4S4 524 5(55 605 23 2<)9 314 359 404 44<» 494 539 5S3 (528 073 24 298 348 397 447 497 540 59(5 (U() (595 745 25 328 3S3 438 493 547 or.2 (557 711 7(5(5 821 20 :{00 4'>0 480 540 000 (;;io 720 780 840 m)o 27 :m 458 524 590 050 721 787 852 918 983 28 428 500 571 (>42 714 7S5 8;'50 928 999 1070 29 404 512 020 097 775 852 929 1007 10S4 1101 ;jo 502 580 0(59 753 837 920 1004 loss 1171 1255 SI 541 032 722 812 903 993 1083 1173 1203 1353 o? 5S2 ()79 770 873 970 1007 11(J4 1201 1358 1455 i)-> 624 729 833 937 1041 1145 1249 1353 1457 1561 :J4 008 779 sm 1002 1113 1224 1330 1447 1558 1670 ;!r> 713 832 951 1070 1189 1308 1427 1545 10(54 1783 :]«} 7()0 887 1013 1140 1207 i:]93 1520 1(U7 1773 1900 :j7 808 943 1078 1213 1347 1482 1017 1 751 isso 2021 88 858 1001 1144 1287 1430 1573 1710 1859 2002 2145 :}9 909 1000 1212 13(ht 1515 1007 1819 1970 2r^2 2273 40 79 85 iK) 101 47 54 60 (57 74 81 87 94 101 107 121 55 03 71 79 87 95 102 110 lis 1:2(5 142 (54 73 82 91 101 110 119 128 i:J7 140 1(55 7:5 84 94 105 115 120 i:;(5 147 157 1(58 189 8-1 95 107 119 i;!i 143 155 1(57 179 191 215 (U los 121 135 MS 102 175 1S9 202 210 243 100 121 130 151 i(;<; IM 19(5 211 o>>~ :242 272 lis 135 151 los IS,-, 2(»2 219 2:50 252 ;209 30:5 i;!l 149 los 1 ^^7 2('5 224 ;>jO )li\\ 2Si) 29S ;!:!(■) i:.s isi .'.'( i; ; 220 24S 271 29:5 :510 ;-5:;9 :50l 4(0 iss 2i:> 24-.' 2(;9 295 ...).) :;49 5570 403 4:50 4s:5 L'21 «)-,•) 2M 315 347 37S 410 441 473 504 .507 L'5(; 292 3-i9 30(5 402 439 475 512 548 58.5 058 294 33(; 37S J 20 402 504 54(5 587 (5:29 071 755 3:m oS'i 43(1 477 5 J5 57:; (521 0(;8 710 704 859 423 4s:; 544 (504 005 725 7 SO 84(5 90(5 IMh 108S 522 597 071 74(5 821 895 970 1044 1119 lllH 1343 20 ()0 7(5 9:5 113 1:54 1.58 183 210 239 209 302 337 451 .5557 630 731 839 955 1:209 1492 Table showing contents of Granaries, Bins, etc. 10 ft. liigh. 27 L'jjth. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 21 iy 192 217 241 265 289 313 3.38 302 38(3 434 482 .50*; t^ 225 253 281 309 338 366 3W 422 4.5(J .506 .5<>J .591 ?4 257 289 .321 a54 386 418 450 482 514 579 043 675 E'4K 2H9 325 362 398 4^4 470 500 .542 579 651 72:3 7.59 r 1^4 321 362 402 442 482 522 .5^>3 603 043 723 804 ^4 354 398 442 486 530 575 619 6^)3 707 796 884 928 6 " 386 434 482 530 .579 627 675 72:3 771 868 9f>4 1013 ^M 418 470 522 575 627 679 731 783 836 940 l(^5 1097 7 450 506 .563 619 675 731 788 844 900 1013 1125 1181 V4 482 542 603 663 723 78:3 844 904 9CA 1085 1205 126f) 8 514 579 US 707 771 8:36 IRIO 9f>4 1029 11.57 1286 i:i50 8K 546 615 683 751 820 88S 956 1025 1093 1229 1.366 14.34 9' 579 651 723 796 868 940 1013 1085 1157 1302 1446 1.519 9K 611 687 76:3 840 916 992 1069 1145 1221 1374 1527 1603 10^- 643 723 804 884 9r>4 1045 1125 1205 1286 1446 1607 lf)88 11 707 796 884 972 1061 1149 1238 1326 1414 1591 176.S 1856 13 771 868 964 1061 1157 1254 1350 1446 l.>43 1736 1929 2025 Table showing contents of Corn-cribs 10 ft. high — Corn in ear.^ L'jjth. 10 11 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 5^3 1:35 149 162 189 216 243 270 297 324 351 378 405 432 £3K 1.58 173 189 221 252 284 315 a47 378 410 441 473; 504 5/^ 180 198 216 2.52 288 324 3(50 396 432 468 .504 .540, .576 E-iK 203 223 243 284 C24 3a5 405 446 486 .527' 567 608: 648 n 5 " 225 248 270 315 360 405 4.50 495 .540 585 6:30 675 720 ^ 5V 248 272 297 347 31K5 446 405 545 594 &44 69:3 743 79^2 6- 270 297 324 378 432 486 540 594 648 702 7.56 810 8(M 6K 293 322 .351 410 4GS .527 585 644 702! 761 819 878 9:36 7 :315 347 378 441 504 .567 6:30 693 7.56j 819 882 9451008 7K :3.38 371 405 473 .540 608 675 743 810 878 945 1013 1080 8 360 sm 432 504 .576 648 720 792 864 9361008 1080 11.52 8W 383 421 459 536 612 689 7r>5 842 918 9951071 1148 1224 9" 405 446 486 mi 648 729 810 891 972 10.53 11:34 1215 1296 ^K 428 470 .513 599 6.S4 770 855 941 1026 1112 1197 128:3 1.368 10 450 495 540 630 720 810 900 990 lOSO 1170 1260 1.3.501440 11 495 .545 594 693 792 891 9^>0 10S9 liss 1287 1:386 14851.584 12 .540 594 648 756 864 972 1080 1188 1296;1404 1512 1620;1728 The top lines indicate the length, the left hand columns the f (54 8 width. A bin 7 ft. wide and KJ ft. long will holdHOO bu. of grain j <)' or 504 bu. of corn in the ear, supposing it to be fen ft. high. | When )nore or less than 10 ft. high, cut off the right hand [ 58.3.2 figure and Dtultiply by the g-i^'Cfi height. For instances, a corn crib 8 ft. wide, IS ft. long and ni/te ft- high, contains 583 bu. A Wagon-bed, 3 ft. wide, 10 ft. long and l.^i inches deep, will f 4)04 1 hold 30 bu. and 1 tenth. Cutting off the right hand figure from j "o the number corresponding to the width and length, gives the ] ^ contents of a body 1~ inches deep. Then add to this number [ 30.1 such part of itself as the depth over Vi, inches, is part of l"-2. Thus, for 15 in. add ]^ ; for 10 inches y^, ; for IS in. Ji, etc. Or multiply the num- ber found in table by the depth in inches, divide by 1'2 and cut off right hand Jigure. *Rules for measuring- com in the ear, varj' all the way from 3456 to 4320 cubic inches to the bushel. No rule can be laid down that will tally in all kinds of corn. The .ilxive table, and rule on page 67 are based on 3840 cubic inches to the bu., which is considered as reliable as a teener a! rule can possibly l)0, and will hold out when com is sound. 28 WAGES Table jor Days Rate = 1 ? 3 i A .15 .20 .25; .30[ .35 .40 .45 .50 6i .12 .18 .23! .20 .35 .411 .47 .53! , .58 .67 .75 1.001.17 1.331. .50 1.501.752.00 2.25 2.002.332.073.00 2. 50 2. 92 3. 00 3. 75 .13' .20 .27 .'SS •12 .47 .53 .17 .18, .'.io .28 .;^3 .37' .42 .40 .50 .55 .58 .t>4 1.(X) 1.08 1.17 1.2,51. 33 1.50 1.671. as 2.00 l.()7 1.8:5 2. 00 2.172.3:3 2..50 2.67 3. IX)3.;]:33.67 4.00 >> 502.7' "■ '"'■' '*^'' '^'*'- ^'^'^ (^^-i^ ^'i' (\f\K Kf\n fM^ CK ) ;5. 25 3. 50 3. 75 4. 00 4. .50 5. 00 5. 50 ( >. 00 '^ 8.00 $10. 3. m 3. 67 4. 00 4. :>] -i. (57 5. 00 5. ;>3 o! 00 ii 67 7! 33 8. 00 4.17,4.585.005.425.836.256.077.508.33,0.17$ Table showing the WAGES for Days at given rates per Month. Rate. $14, $15. $16.|$17. $18. $19.'$20. $21. $22. $23. $24. $25. Pl .54 .58 .62 .65 .60 7: J, 7 7 .81 .S.5 .S,s 02 .IKJ •< l.OS 1.15 1.23 1.31 l.:3b L46 i;.54 1.62 l.(JO 1.77 i.a-) 1.02 '3 l.()2 1.73 1..S.5 1.06 2.08 2.10, 2.31 2.42 2. .54 2.(i5 2.77 2. .88 4 2.15 ;3.31 2.46 2.62 'r~ 2.0.2 3.08 3.23 3.38 :3..5l 3.(50 3.5 3.a5 4.04 4.2:3 4.42 4.62 4.81 6 3.23 :i4<3 3.60 3.0:2 4.15 4. .38 4.62 4.a5 5.(J8 5.:31 .5.-54 .5.77 7 3.77 4.04 4.31 4. .58 4.85 5.12 5.:38 5.65 5.02 6.10 (j.4(* 6.73 8 4.31 4.62 4.02 .5.2:3 5. .51 .5.85 6.15 6M 6.77 7.08 7 ',}S 7.60 4.85 .5.10 .5. .54 .5.88 6.23 ()..58 6.02 7.27 7.62 7.«M) s'.m 8.65 10 5.3s .5.77 0.15 6. .51 6.02 7.31 7. (JO 8.08 8.46 8. .S.5 0.2:; 0.62 11 .5.0:.' (;.:]5 6.77 7.10 7.62 8.04 8.46 S.ss 0.:il 0.7:; 10.15 10. .58 12 6.4(; O.'.l-i 7. 3S 7..S.5 8.31 8.77 0.:-':; 0.()0 10.15 10.62111.08 11. .54 13 7.(K> 7. .■">(> 8 J to S..50 O.Oo 0. .50 10. (.HI 10.50 11.00 11.. 50 12.00 l:i..50 14 7. .54 S (IS 8. 62 0.15 0.60 10.;i3;10.77 11.31 11.85 12.:; 15.:;5 16. OS l<;.s] 17..54 18.27 20 10.77 11.54 12.:;i 13. OS i;3..s.") 14.62 15.:;s 16.15 16.0-.' 1 7.60,1 S. 46 10.23 21 11.31 12.1-2 12.0-.' 14.M l.-).:;5 16.15 16.06 17.77 1S.5S|10.:38 ;,'(». 10 22 11.85 12.C.'.i VUy] 14".3s 15.2:; 16. OS 16.0-i 17.77 is.o-j 10.4():iO.:31 21.15 23 12.:3S v.i.2: 14.1.'. 1.5.04 1.5.02 16.S1 17.00 1S..5S 10.40 •JO. 35 il. 23 •2-.M2 24 12.02 i:;.sr, 14.77 15.60 16.6-.' 17.M IS. 40 10 :js 20.31 •il.:2:!!^22.15;-j:;.(;8 25 1:3. 4(; 14.-1-J 1.5.:]s 16.:;5 I7.:]l 18.:i7 10.2:; 20; 10 •-'1.15 •.>'.Mr2'.'3.oN-j4.04 26 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 10.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 :2:3.00 24.00 ;i.5.oo Table showing the equivalent DECIMALS of Common Fractions. Com. Frac. V. ^/a '! z 1 ^^ V6 2 . V5 */5 Deci. " .5 .3333 .666 8 .25 .75 .4 .6 .8 Com. Frac. V'« ^'6 '!. Va 'U V's V'l2 V'l. Vis Dcci. " .1688 .833 3 .125 .375 .025 .875 .083 3 4160 ..58-3 Com. Frac. "As V'l6 Vi« V16 V16 V16 "/16 ^Vl6 16/ /la Deci. " .0188 .06=5 .18' 5 .31 = 5 .43" 5 .562 5 .08^5 .81-^5 .03^- ROPP'.S RAPID RErKONER. 29 ADBITIOX. Addition is the process of finding tlie sum of two or more numbers. Addition of Decimals. Rule. — Write the numbers so that the decimal points shall stand directly under each other. Add as vi simple addition, and place the decimal point in the sum, directly under the points above. r 9.5 I 56.25 Add 9.5, 56.25, 672.87o, and j 672 875 3008.3125. I 3008.3125 I Ans. 37-46.9375 Sum, or Amount. All who would become proficient in adding long f ^4 columns of figures, should practice the following method. Begin at the foot of the right hand column and add, naming results only; thus, 15, 20, 29, 35, 42, 50, 54; J 09 set down the 4, add the 5 (tens) to the next column } .,- and proceed in the same manner, 14, 17, 23, 31, 36, 00 40, 49, 56. This is much more philosophic, and con- q- siderably quicker, than to crawl up a column in the — — following manner ; thus, 7 and 8 are 15; and 15 and [ ^"^ 5 are 20, and 20 and 9 are 29, and so on. Always add the carrying figure to the next column on commencing, and when the columns are long, it is well to set it down, as it will often save the trouble of going over the work already performed. To test addition : Add the eoluynns in opposite direction.^. SIBTRACTIOX. Subtraction is the process of finding the difference between two numbers. Subtraction of Decimals. Rule. — Write the numbers so that the decimal points shall stand directly under each other. Subtract a.s in whole numbers, and place the decimal point in the remainder, directly under the poiiits above. 30 KOPP S RAPID KECKONER. From 843.75 take 507.625. [. 84o.750 Minuend. 597.(525 Subtrahend. ns. 246.125 Difference, or * Remainder. Two or more numbers may be taken from another, at a single operation, by imting in the remainder, such Jiyures, ax added to the ilicii'isi(ni is the jn'ocess of findin'g liow many times one number is equal to another. Division of Decimals. Kule. — Divide as in vhole numbers, annexing ciphers to the dividend if neceamry, and point njj' a.-i niani/ decimal place.^frorn the quotient as the decimal places in the dividend exceed those in the divisor. If there be not so many places in the quotient, supply the deficiency by prefixing ciphers. Divide 93.5 hy 0.75. See " Short Method of Divis- »n," page 37. ' Divisor. Dividend. QuoticDt, G.75) 93.5000 (13.85-f- Ans. 26 00 5 750 3500 125 Remainder. Divide .784 I)v 24.5. 24.51.7840 (.032 An> 490 To divide by 10, 100, 1000, etc. : Cut off as many figures from the right of the dividend as there are ciphers in the divisor. The figures thus cut off inll be decimals. If the dividend is a decimal number, remove the decimal point as many places to the left as there are ciphers in the divisor, pr< fixing ciphers if necessary. Divide 6475 by 10. Divide 8.75 bv 100. 6475-10=647.5 Ans. 8.75 ^100 =.0875 Ans. When there are ciphers on the right of the divisor, cut ff the ciphers on the right ohit is the sign of demarkation be- tween whole numbers or Integers, and decimal fractions. The first place on the left of the point, or the right hand j)lace in whole numbers, is units; the second place, tens ; the third place, hundreds, etc. The fii^st place on the right of the ))oint is tenths ; the second place, hundredths, and so on. The United vStates money system is based on the decimal scale, the dollars occupying the njiits^ place ; the dimes, the /f»^^s-' place ; the cents, the hund red f h.^^ plixce; and the mills, the thousandths^ place. This and the principles of decimals should be well un- derstood, and committed to memory, by all who would be- come scientitic and proficient calculators. Note. — Be careful to ilistiiiRuisli hetween /nxs and tenths, hundreds and hiindridths, etc., as there is a great difference in the meaning of the two terms. ^HORT :?IETHOI> OF IflUI.TIPI^I- CATIOX. United States money being based on the decimal system, decimals are involved in nearly all commercial calculations. J>y the ordinary methods of computing business transac- tions, a vast amount of decimal figures are usually involved, which are neither essential nor add any thing whatever to the correctness of the re G9 5 $3 1 3.4 9 36 ROPP'S PAPTD PvErivONER. in this system of cak-ulatioii, ', or over is counted a vhol one, and what is under is disregarded; thus the gain and loss will he efiiialized, or nearly so. For this reason we earr} from the i)roduct of the nearest rejected ligui'e, one, when il is 5 or over; tvo, from 15 and over ; three, from 25 and over etc. Hence, we say once 3 is 8, ajid 1 (from the rejected fig. 5) makes 4, which we set under the right hand figure (5; of the first partial j)roduct ; multiplying on in the usual manner we ohtain 984 for the second partial product. Wc now mark off' the 1 and 3, and proceed to multii)ly hy the 8, saying, 8 times 3 (the nearest rejected fig.) are 24, which gives 2 to carry. (The units' fig., 4, being less than ^ of the next higher order, is disregarded. ) Hence we {)roceed : 8 times 8 are 64, and 2 (tens) are GG; multiplying on, we ohtain 78() for the tiiird })artial product. AVe next mark ofl" the two 8's, and multiply l)y the 7, saying, 7 times 8 (the nearest rejected fig.) are 56, which gives 6 to carry. (The units' fig., G, being over h, is counted 1.) Thus, 7 times 9 are 63, and 6 (ten.s) make 69 for tlie fourth partial product. Arriving at the last figure in the multiplier, we find nQ figure over it in the multiplicand ; we therefore merely ob- tain the tens from the nearest rejected figure, saying, 5 times 9 are 45, which gives 5 to carry. We set it in the right hand column of the partial products ; in the following exan)ples it is usually added to the product of the preceding figure. Adding up the partial products, and pointing off" two decimal places, the result is $313.49, The superiority of the short over the ordinary method of multiplication will he more clearly illustrated hy the fol- lowing example. We see that by the short method, all deci- mals lower than, those required in the product are avoided, and yet the answer obtained is sufficiently exact for all l)ractical purposes. ^[ultiply 8.4125 hy 7.6875, retaining only two decinnil jdaces in the jiroduct. Ordinary Method. Short Method. 8.4 1 2 5 8.4 1 2 5 67 504 - 5888 Ans. 6 4.6 7 10 9 3 7 5 =-Sep notes on next page 7.6 8 7 5 5 7 8 6.7 4 2 6 2 5 5 8 8 9- 8887 5 505 3 6 7 7 50 C ' 5 Ans. G 4.G 7 KOPP .S KAi'lD KECKONFK. oi y. We write tlie sinaller iiuniber, in rei-ersed order, lor the ioiultiplier, so that its units (7) will fall under the 2d decimal place of the multiplicand. If 3 OF DIYISIOX It will be a gi-eat advantage to the intelligent student to uiake himself familiar with the following scientitic and practical method of division. It is simple and ea.sy, and iocs away with about half the figures required by the long method, and in combination with the short method Df multiplication, avoids an immense amount of useless and tedious figuring and labor, whicii is indispensable in the Drdinary methods of calculation. Rl'LE. — Obtain the first fi'jure in the quotient in the ordinunj manner. Multiplij the firxt fifjnre of the divisor bi/ this quotient fiffure, and 'trite such a figure in the renminder as, added to this product, will jivc an amount whose unit figure U the same as the right hand figure of the partial dividend. Carry the ^tvw' figure of the amount to the })rodiict of the next figure of the divi.-ior, and proceed as before till the entire remainder <.s obtained. To this reniain-'Ier bring down the neii figure of the dividtmd. Main the second quotient figure and the next renuiinder in the ;ani€ manner, and thus proceed till the operation is completed. Examples. — Find the average weight of 23 head of hogs weighing 5951 ll)s. ExPL.vxATiox. — The first figure (.-..-,. -n-i ,o-o u * Df the quotient being 2, we laSlti- -"^^ ""^'^ '^2o8 lbs. Ans. ply the divisor by it, but instead 3f setting down the product (4(3) ind subtracting it from the partial dividend (59), we simply write down (for the remainder) 135 201 17 Remainde 38 ROPP's KAPID RECKONER. such figures as are wantimj, to make the figures of the product equal to the corresponding figures of the partial dividenil. Thus, we say, 2 times 3 are 0, and three — which is wanting to make 9, the corresponding figure in the j)artial dividend — we write in the remainder ; 2 limes 2 are 4, and one (written in the rem.) makes 5. To tlie whole renuiinder, 13, we bring down the next figure in the dividend (5), making 135. We then proceed : 23 in 135 is contained 5 times; 5 times 3 are 15; here we write a in tlie remainder, since tlie unit figure of tlie product and tlie right liand figure of the partial dividend are equal ; 5 times 2 are 10, and 1 (ten) from 15, are 11, and tvo (written in the rem.) are 13. To tlie re- mainder, 20, we annex tlie 1, making 201. 23 in 201, 8 times ; 8 times 3 are 24, and seven (written in the rem.) make 31 (a number whose unit figure is eciual to the right hand figure of the partial dividend) ; 8 times 2 are 10, and 3 (tens) from 31, are 19, and one (written in the rem.) makes 20. Final remainder, 17. Find the number of Bushels in a car load of Corn weigh- ing 20580 lbs. We say 56 in 205, 3 times; 3 f r-^s oa-oa /o/>-i i v .. /? TO 1 , -4^1 50) 2O08O (30/ .> bu. Ans. times 6 are 18, and .sere??, (written ' 0-0 in the rem.) make 25 ; 3 times 5 -j ' 1.^^ and 2 (tens) are 17, and three \ X^. P 2ft_i (written in the rem.) make 20. [ "^^ ^^'»- 5^ — 2- To the whole remainder 37, we bring down the 8, making 378. 56 in 378, 6 times; 6 times 6 are 36, and /?ro, make 38; times 5 and 3 (tens) are 33, and four, make 37. To the remainder 42, we annex the 0; 50 in 420, 7 times; 7 times are 42, and eujht, make 50; 7 times 5 and (tens) are 40, and two, make 42. Final remainder, 28 — which equals \ bu. 1728 cubic inches make a cubic foot: how many cu. ft. in 233280 cu. in.? 1728 in 2332, 1 time J" .^^^ 233280 (135 cu. ft. Ans. and 004 over; in 6048, 3 ! ' ,.^.,0 ^ 1 CUM • -. 6048 times, and 804 over; in S('40 H040, 5 times — no rem •■1 When the divisor is a mixed number, vrite the fraction decimally, ami annex ciphers to the dividend, fill it has as many decimal places as the divisor; then proceed as in whole numbers. how many bbls. in 2394 gals. ? \ 189 M KOPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 39 If there is a remainder after the figures of the dividend are exhausted, urile a decimal point in the quotient, annex ciphers to the remainder.% and carry the divmon on to two or more decinud places. 9ta .., ft f , oc . .,. f 24.75) 12583.00 (508.40 + p. Ans. 241 cu. ft of masonry ' 208 00 mukea perch : liow manv -{ ,,, r.r.n perches in 12583 cu. ft. 3051 days make one vear: liow many vears in 5918 days? 10 000 1000 JG5.25) 5918.00 (16.2 + yrs. Ans. 2265 50 74 000 950 Wlien there are ciphers on tlie right of the divisor, see first example on page 33. 2000 lbs. make a ton : ]^o^v many f ^ 211500 tons in a car load oi coal weighings ' — 21500 lbs. (. 10.75 tons. Ans. f 8 3 160 square rods make an acre : | — ~ how many acres in a field 83 -j 1610) oy7j6 (3/.35 A. Ans. rods long, and 72 rods wide? 11^ 56 I 80 Having to some extent illustrated the principles involved in abbreviated multiplication and division, we will now pre- sent a series of special rules, or methods, based on these principles, for calculating the value of all kinds of Grain, Stock, Hay, Coal, Lumber, Merchandise, and particularly for computing Interest, and other problems in Percentage; also methods for ascertaining the capacity of (iranaries, Corn Cribs, Cisterns; for finding the contents of Lumber, Land, etc. — all of which are specially adapted to the use of Farmers and Business men. A comparison of these methods witii those in general use, will readily co!ivince any one of their simplicity, brevity, and practical superiority — results being usually (»btained witJi about one-third the figures and mental labor reipiired by the ordinary methods ; and, besides, the tedious and much dreaded operations in fractions are easily and successfully surmounted. "See '• Siiiuiltiiriei.us Multiplicatiuu," page 75, 10 1U)PP'S RAPIK RLCKONER. OKAIX, HAY, COAL,, ET€. A .'iiinple, sliort, and practical niothod for finding the ac- curate value of articles sold by the bui^hti or ton, without in- volving fractions, even if the given terms are mixed numbers. KULK. — Write the nuvtbcr of lbs. to the bmhel or ton, for the Jird term, the price for the second, and the nei(jht for the third. Write common fractions decimally. Divide the second term by the first, a)id set the quotient, in REVERSED order, under the third term. Multiply (by short method) the third term by this quotient, point off i (CO places from the riyJd of the product, and the result uill be the answer in dollars and cents. Note. — After tlie terms are stated, ctmiiiare the second term with tli<' first: if it is e6l7 5 2:(),]|2- 6 9.84 val. at 2dol. ]»ei 2.9 7 " " 1 dime" 1.7 8 '' () " " 6 cts. " " 2 mi lis" 1 " U 1 <( '< Ans. $6 4716 Having compared the 1st and 2d terms, and ascertained that the price is over a cent per lb., we cut oft" the in the 1st term and say, 6 in 12, 2 times, which we .set under tlie units (7) of the'third term ; then proceed: 6 in 9, 1 time, 8 over; in 37, 6 times, 1 over; in 15, 2 times, 3 over (assume a joined to the 3) ; in 30, 5 times, which brings the quotient (nuiltiplier) one place to the left of the 3d term (multipli- cand). See note 1, page 5. We now multiply (by short method) the 3d term by this =:-The quotient, r>2rA2, is tlie value per lb. or 100 Ihs., in reversed order, at the rate of $l.'J7. O 4.1 5 7-9 3 4 0- 28 Ans. $3.6 8 ROPP'S RAPID RErKONER. Find the value of a sack of Coffee weigh- ing 216h lbs., at 23f cts. per lb. J I is .625 decimally. (See table, p. 28.) 2 1 6.5 5 2 6-3 2 4330 650 130 5 (^ Ans. S5 1.1 5 Find the cost of 48 lbs. of Sugar, at 13^ cts. f per lb. I In this and the next example, reverse, and 'j o o write the quantity for the multiplier, setting I ^ ^ ^ the units under the cents' order. (^ Ans. $0.6 1 3-7 5 84 Find the cost of 3j yds. of Cloth, at )1.16j per yd. ^ is .66 — , decimally. (See table, p. 28.) Sl.l 6-6 6 5.3 3 50 5 8 [ Ans. S4.0 8 Find the value of 26j bu. of Potatoes, at Si. 05 per bu. When the multiplier extends to the right, annex a to the multiplicand. 2 6.5 5 0.1 2 6 5 133 [ Ans. $2 7.8 3 Note. — When the answer is required correct to lower denominations, irrite the multiplier further to the right, and point off from the product n» many more places, as will be illustrated"in the following'exaniples. r 8.5 8.5 1 I 5-6 5-6 Find the cost of 8_ lbs. of Nails, at 6i cts. ^ Ans. 5 5 cts per lb. Find the cost of f 34 lbs. and 13 oz. of I Feathers, at 41f cts. I per lb. H is .81 +, deci- raallv. (See table, p. 28.) '"See notes, page M7. 3 4.81 6 6-14 o 5^ 510 4 3 Ans. 5 5 3 mills. 3 4.81 6 6 6-14 139 2 1 3 9 2 4 3 5 348 2 3* 209 Ans. SI 4.5 2 3- Ans. SI 4.5 4 46 HOrP's RAPID RECKONER. Per cent, means on or by the hundred. Thus 1 per cent., denotes 1 out of a hundreil, or 1 hundredth; 5 per cent, of a number means 5 hundredths of it. The character %, is usually written instead of the word per cent. r $10 = the Base. How much IS 6 % of I 6" " Rate %. ^^^^ • 1 Ans. $6^ " " Percentage. The student should be careful to discriminate between percentage and product. The percentage is always the hundredth part of the product. Thus, 6 times $100 are $600, while 6 per cent, of $100 is $6. Hence to find the percentage on any number; Multiply the given number or b(ise, by the rate per cent., and from the product point off tuo more decimal places than there are decimal places in the multiplicand ; that is, divide the product by 100. Examples. — Bought a lot of Hogs for I $2 8 5 10 $285, and sold them at 10 % profit: how much did I gain by the transaction ? j Ans. $2 8.5 A merchant who failed in business, was able to pay 37 cts. on the dollar, or 37 % : what did A receive, who was a creditor to the amount of $2345 ? $2345 37 16415 7035 Ans. $8 6 7.6 5 "What is the commission, for selling $542 worth of property at Ih % ? $5 4 2 U 542 271 Ans. $8.1 3 The following is a short method for finding the percent- age when the given rate is a mixed number. Rule. — Winte the fraction decimally; revei'se and write the units of the rate % under the units, or dollars^ place of the base, Qj' vice versa. Mvdtiply (by short method) and point off two decimal places. ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. 47 I insured my house for $965, at 2f % . . what was the premium ? $9 6 5 5 7-2 1930 676 48 Ans. $2 6.5 4 What will be the commission for selling goods to the amount of $6439.75, -{ at 3| % ? $6 4 3 9.7 5 7-3 5 19319 45 8* 322 Ans. $2 41.4 A Railroad Company declares a divi- dend '^f 13| % : what will A receive, who owns $3500 worth of stock ? 13.6 2 5 00 5 3 4 8 7 5 6813 I Ans. $4 7 6.8 8 The principal application of Percentage is computing Interest, in which the element of Time is involved. COMPUTIXO TI^E, To find the time between two dates, in years, months, and days : Set the earlier date under the later, and subtract. Write the numbers of the months instead of their names. Examples. — Find the time from ! Jan. 6 to Sept. 18. j Mo. 9 1 Ans. 8 18 _6 12 da. We set down 9 and 18 for Sept. 18th, it being the 9th month ; under this we write the earlier date, 1 and 6 for Jan. 6th, and then subtract. Find the time from Oct. 20, 1871, to April 15, 1873. "See notes, page 37. 48 llOPP's RAPID RECKONER. April is the 4tli month, f .Years. Months. Days. Oct. is the 10th. We can ^873 4 j^ not take 20 da. from 15 -j ig7i jq 20 da.; we therefore conceive . r -= — ^r;^ , 80da.(l mo.) added to the [ ^"'- ^ ^'' ^ »"^- ^o (/a. 15 da., making 45; then say 20 from 45 leaves 25. Again, we can not subtract 10 mo. from 3 mo, (1 having been reduced to da.); hence we imagine 12 mo. (1 yr.) added to the 3 mo., and say 10 from 15 leaves 5. Finally we say, 1 year from 2 years (1 having been reduced to mo.) leaves 1 year. INTEREST. Interest is a percentage paid for the use of money. Principal is the sum for the use of which int. is paid. Hate per cent, is the sum paid on the hundred. Per annum means by the year. Amount is the interest and principal added together. An easy, short, and simple method for finding the interest on any sum, for any time, at any rate per cent. Rule. — Write the whole number of months, mth the order of ita figures reversed, so that its units will fall under the trnV/.s, or dolUirs'' place of the principal. Divide the number of days by 3, and icrite the quotient, in REVERSED Order, to the left of the months. Multiply (by short method) and point off two places from the product — the residt vill be the interest at 12 per cent. To obtain the interest at other rates by this method, first find it at 12 per cent ; then, For 10 % , divide it by 6 and subtract the quotient from the dividend. a q <( (I u (( A <( u (I (( « (< (( 8 " « « Cl 3 6 " (( (< « 2 4 " « (( (( 3 To find it at any other rate, divide by 12, which gives the interest at I fc, then multiply this quotient by the (jiven rote. ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. 49 7 43 5 248 99 S^ Ans. $7 7.9 Examples. — Find the interest of $247.83 for 2 years 7 months and 13 days, at 12 fo. 2 years and 7 mo. are 31 mo. We f $2 4 7.8 3 reverse this number, and write it so that 3 3 4-13 its unit figure (1) will fall under the units (7), and the 3 under the tenths (8) of the principal. We then say, 3 in 13 (the number of days) 4 times, 1 over; we write the 4 under the principal, to the left of the months, and conceiving a added to L the 1 (rem.) we proceed 3 in 10, 3 times, which we set to the left of the 4; and thus we continue the division till the multiplier extends one place to the left of the multiplicand. We then multiply (by short method) and point off two figures from the product, and the result is the int. at 12 %. Find the interest of $86.50 for 5 mo. and 23 da., at 6 %. We set the 5 mo. under the units, or dollars' place (6), then say 3 in 23, 7 times, 2 over ; in 20, 6 times. $8 6.5 6 7-5 4 33 6 5 To obtain the int. at 6 divkk the int., at \2 % by 2. 2)4.9 8 [ Ans. $2.4 9 int. at 12 % ■ U U Q U Find the int. of $165 for 1 yr. 4 mo. 12 da., at 6 % . 1 yr. and 4 mo. are 16 mo. - Reverse, and write the 6 un- der the units (5), then say 3 in 12, 4 times. Find the int. of $357 for 3 yrs. 7 mo. and 21 da., at 10%. 3 yrs. and 7 mo. are 43 mo. Reverse, and write so that the 3 (units) will fall under the 7 (units) ; then say 3 in 21, 7 times. Ans. $13.5 3 $3 5 7.0 7-3 4 14280 1071 25 6) 15 6.0 1 2 6.0 Ans. SI 3 0.0 1 int. at 12 %. " " 6 " at 12 %. u 2 " " 10 " To obtain the interest at 10 %, divic by 6 — the quotient will be the interest at "' ''■■ 12 fo leaves 10 %. 'vide the interesit at 12 % which deducted from /ti 50 KOPP S RAPID RECKONER. Find the interest of $617.50 for 26 days, at 10 % . There being no months here, we write a under the units, then say 3 in 26, 8 times, 2 over; in 20, 6 times, etc. Find the interest of $200 for 4 months 2 days, at 8 % . Set the 4 months under the units, then say 3 in 2, no time; write a next to tlie 4, and proceed : 3 in 20, 6 times, 2 over, etc. $6 1 7.5 6 6 8-0 494 41 6)5.3 5 .8 9 int. Ans. $4.4 6 8.0 .13 3)8.13 2.7 1 [_ Ans. $5.4 2 at 12 " 2 " 10 $2 0.0 6 6 0-4 int. for 4 mo. " ** 2 da. " at 12 %. u a ^ u a a g a To obtain the interest at 8 %, divide the interest at 12 % by 3 — the quotient wiU he the interest at 4 fc, ichich deducted from 12 % , leaves 8 % . r $9 0.0 Find the interest of $90 for 10 months 12 days, at 7 %. 4-01 9.0 int. for 10 mo. .8 6 '' " 12 da. Set the of the 10 (mo.) under the units, then say 3 in 12, 4 times. 12)9.3 6 " at 12 %. .7 8 " " 1 " 7 Ans. $5.4 6 %, divide the interest at 12 fc by To obtain the interest at 12 — the quotient will be the interest at \ %, which multiplied by 7, gives it at 7 fc. Note. — The lowest figure will not always be correct ; to obviate this, first multiply the interest at 12 per cent, by 7, then divide by 12. Find the amount of $58.75 '' $5 8.7 5 for 1 vear 8 months 19 days, at 10 %. 1 year and 8 months are 20 months. Set the under the units, then say 3 in 19, 6 times, 1 over; in 10, 3 times. 3 6-0 2 1175 37 6) 12.12 2.0 2 10.10 5 8.7 5 [ Ans. $6 8.8 5 To obtain the amount, add the 'principal to the interest int. at 12 %. U U 2Q U Princijxd. Amount. ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 51 To find the interest of $10, $100, $1000, etc., for any time at 12 %, set down the whole number of months and annex ^ of the days; then place the decimal point correctly. Tlius, The int. of 1 dol. for 1 yr. 4mo. 25da., at 12 %,is .16 833 10 " '' " " " " " " $1.68 100 " " " " " " " " S16.83 1000 " " " " " " " "$168.33 33 It is evident that the interest of $30 is 3 times that of $10; of $400, 4 times that of SlOO, etc., for the same time and rate. Thus, in the above illustration, t^e interest of $100 is $16.83J; hence, for $300, it would evidently be 3 times $16.83J :^ $50.50. Interest— Accurate Method. The preceding method, and nearly all others in general use, do not give the interest strictly correct for the months and days; 30 days being considered a month, and, conse- quently, 360 days a year, and interest reckoned accordingly for a fractional part of a vear, is usuallv found too large. The true interest of $1200, at 10 %, for 31 davs, is S10.19; for 30 days, S9.86; and for 28 days, $9.20; while by the ordinary methods it would be just $10 a month, whether it consisted of 28, 29, 30, or 31 days. This false principle of computing interest (for months and days) on the basis of 360 days to the year, instead of 365, has Ijecome customary in the United States — the State of New York excepted— /o/- convenience' sake only ; it being con- siderably easier to calculate by this than by the true basis. We will now present a method for finding the accurate in- terest on any sum, for any time, at any rate per cent., which we claim to be entirely original, and unequaled for sim- plicity and brevity. Rule. — Find the time in years and days, multiply the number of days by 472 (by short method), and to the product prefix the years, if any. Reverse, and write this number tcith its cents' order under the units, or dollars' place of the principal. Midtiply again (by short method), arid point off two decimal places from the product — the result will be the accurate interest at 10 per cent. To find the interest at any other rate % by this method, midtiply the interest at 10 % by the ffiven rate, and point q/f three places from the last product. 52 ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. Notes.— 1. Memorize the number 472; this is the interest of $1 for 1 day at 10 per cent., with the order of its figures reversed and the ciphers omitted; the real number being §.00-0274, or more accurately, S.OO-0273?t72G + . 2. When the first product (the number of days multiplied by 472) con- tains less than three places, pre^^r ciphers to supply the deficiency. This, liowever, happens only when the number of days is less than 37. 3. When the principal is large, and great accuracy required, annex a to the number of days, and proceed as usual — the product must then contain four places. The exact number of days from one date to another is readily found by the Time Table on page 24; or by the fol- lowing method. Find the true number of days from January 10 to May 15. (In Jan. 21 da. I " Feb. 28 " After the 10th there are 21 days in Jan., | « '^lar. 31 " which, with the 15 in May, added to the ■{ « Apr. 30 " days in the intervening months, gives the « j^jay 15 " exact number. Ans. 125 " Example?;. — Find the accurate interest of $354.56, at 10 %, from March 11 to December 24 = 288 days. We first multiply the number of days (288) by 472; the product (789) is the interest of SI for 288 -{ days, at 10 5^, namely, 7 cts., 8.9 mills. Now it is | evident that of S354, the L interest is 354 times that of SI, $35 4.5 2482 283 32 288 da. 472 576 202 11 ^T^'g Ans. $2 7.9 7 "We therefore write the interest of SI in reversed order under the principal, so that its left hand figure or cents^ order (7) will fall under the units, or dollars^ place (4). We then multiply again (by short method), jioint ofi' two decimal places, and the result is the accurate interest at 10%. Find the true interest of S75 at 10 %, from June 1, 1872, to July 5, 1873 = 1 year and 34 days. Here the first prod- uct contains only two places — 9.3 mills; hence we must write a in the cents' place. $7 5.0 3 9-01 Ans. $8.2 1 0-9 3 ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. 53 Now the interest of $1 for 1 year at 10 % is just 1 dime; we therefore prefix 1 (or whatever the number of years may be) to the interest for the days, and the result is the interest of $1 for the entire time. We now reverse this num- ber and set it under the principal, being careful to get the cents' order, under the units, or dollars' place, then multiply and point off as before. Find the true int. of S167.85 for $1 6 7.8 5 8 0-0 2 3 3.5 7 int. for 2 yrs. .13 " yrs. and 3 da., at 6 %. 9 vr« 3 da. 472 2 0-0 8 3 3.7 6 3dj at 10 %, Here we pre- fix two ciphers to the first prod- uct 8 ( .8 of a mill) before prefixing the 2 (vrs.), in order tobringthesig- lAns.$2 0.2 2 " - t) " nificant figures into their respective places. To obtain the interest at 6 %, multiply the interest at 10 % by 6, and point off threh places from the lust product. Find the accurate interest of S9o6.75 for 293 days, at 5 %. f S9 3 b.7 5 8 2 0-8 7494 26 2) 7 5.2 int. Ans. $3 7.6 When the prin- cipal is large and great accuracy required, we an- nex a to the number of days;, then proceed as [ usual. To obtain the interest at 5 % by 2. Find the true in- terest of $2683.43 for 1 year and 33 days, at 7 % . at 10 " 5 2 9 3.0 da. 472 5860 2 51 117 8-0 2 8 divide the intercd at 10 S2 6 8 3.4 3 4 9-0 1 1 vr. When a is an- nexed to the num- ber of days, the product must con- places. 26834 2 4 15 1 V^ 3 3.0 da. 472 660 2 31 13 2 9 2.6 0int.atlO5^c. 10-9 4 before we prefix the 1 year. *See note.-,, page ;i7. Ans. $2 4.8 2 " •' 7 - Hence a cipher must be prefixed here 54 Find the amount of $67.92 for 343 days, at 10 fo. To obtain the amount, add the prin- cipal to the interest. '^ Xnfi. $7 4.3 Amount. To find the true interest of $10, $100, $1000, etc., for any time, at 10 %, annex a to the number of days, multiply by 472 (short method), and to the product prefix the years, if any ; then place the decimal point correctly. Thus, tlie true interest 1 yr. 9 3.0 da. 472 $ 6 7.9 2 4-9 3 4 3 da. 472 611 27 •6 8 6 240 6.3 8 Interest. 6 7.9 2 Principal. 14 9-4 Of 1 dol. for 1 vr. 93 da., at 10 % , is .1 25 4 8 u 10 " " '" " " " " $1.2 5|48 u iQQ u a u u u u u |i2.5 4;8 " 1000 '' " " " " " " $12 5,4 81 It is obvious that multiplying the int. of $100 by 4, gives it for $400; multiply '.ng the int. of $1000 by 3, gives it for $3000, etc. Thus, in the above illustration, the int. of $1000 is $125.48 : evidently, for $2000 it would be timce—ioi $3000, three times— $125.48., and so on. PARTIAI. PAYMEl^TS. A Partial JPaynient is the payment of a part of the amount due on a note or bond. The following (called the Common, Vermont, or Mer- chants') Rule for computing interest on notes where partial payments have been made, is simple, easily comprehended, and extensively used by Merchants and Farmers. It is based on the principle, that as the creditor receives interest on money loaned, so he should pay interest on money received before it becomes due. It is the only rule that does justice to the debtor when payments have been made at short intervals. When, however, the time from date to settlement extends into years, it favors the debtor, as ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 55 it generally should if the rule is to favor any one — no in- terest being paid till the time of settlement. Rule. — Find the amount of the principal from the time it began to draw interest to the day of settlement. Find the interest on each payment from the time it was made to the day of settlement. Subtract the sum of the payments and interest thereon from the amount of the principal — the remainder' will be the sum due on set- tlement. §100. Bloomington, III., .Jan. 1, 1872. One day after date, I promise to pay to Charles Jones, or order, One Hundred Dollars, for value received, with interest at ten per cent, per annum. John Smith. Indorsements: Mav 1, 1872, Received Sixtv Dollars. Sept. 1, 1872, Received Thirty Dollars. How much was due at the time of settlement, Jan. 1, 1873? Principal, $100 Interest from Jan. 1, '72, to Jan. 1, 73 (1 yr.), 10 Amount of note Jan. 1, 73, §110 First payment, made May 1, 72, §60 Int. on same to Jan. 1, 73 (8 mo.), 4 Second payment, made Sept. 1, 72, 30 Int. on same to Jan. 1, 73 (4 mo.), 1 Amount of payments and interest thereon, 195 95 Balance due Jan. 1, 1873, SI 5 §83475. Chicago, III., May 14, 1870. On or before the first of January, 1873, we, or either of us, promise to pay to Robert Brown, or bearer, Eight Hundred, Thirty-Four and j\% Dollars, for value received, with six per cent, interest from date. William White. George Green. Indoi'sements : Oct. 20, 1871, Received S217.45. Feb. 6, 1871, Received S475.00. July 17, 1872, Received §124.30. How much remained due Jan. 1, 1873? 56 ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. Principal, , $834.75 Interest from May 14, 70, to Jan. 1, 73, (2 yrs. 7 mo. 17 days), 131.75 Amount of note, Jan. 1, 73, $966.50 First payment, made Feb. 6, 71, $475.00 Int. to J'an. 1, 73, (1 yr. 10 mo. 25 da.), 54.23 Second payment, made Oct. 20, 71, 217.45 Int. to Jan. 1, 73 (1 yr. 2 mo. 11 da.),.. 15.62 Third payment, made July 17, 72 ...... 124.30 Int. to Jan. 1, 73 (5 mo. 14 da.), 3.40 Amount of payments and interest thereon,..$890.00 890.00 Balance due Jan. 1, 1873, $76~50 $495. New York, March 15, 1872. Twelve jnonths after date, we promise to pay to the order of David Pope & Son, Four Hundred a7id Ninety-Five Dollars, far value received, xcith ten per cent, interest. Payable at the Lafayette ^""^•- King, Hale & Co. Indorsements: Sept. 22, 1872, Received $375.00 April 11, 1873, Received $107.50. What remained due, July 4, 1873? The interest on tliis note is computed by the accurate method. Principal, $495.00 Int. from Mar. 15, 72, to July 4, 73 (1 yr. Ill da.) , 64.55 Amount of note, July 4, 73, $559.55 First payment, made Sept. 22, 72, $375.00 Int. to July 4, 73 (285 da.), 29.29 Second pavmeni, made April 11, 73,.... 107.50 Int. to July 4, 73 (84 da.), 2.47 Amount of payments and int. thereon, ....$514.26 514.26 Balance due July 4, 1873 "$45^9 DISCOUNT A]M> PKKSJE]!¥T WORTH. Disvomit is an allowance made lor ihe payment of a debt before it is due. The I^resent Worth of a note, due at a future tiuK- ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. 57 without interest, is such a sum which, being put at interest now, will amount to the given debt when it becomes due. Thus, SlOO is the present ivorth of SllO due one year hence without interest, discounted at 10 % ; for $100 at 10 % will amount to s?110 in that time — $10 being the discount. To find the true discount and present worth of a note or debt. Rule. — Divide the (jiven debt by the amount of SI for the yiven time and rate, the quotient u-ill be the Present Wok th. Subtraet the present worth from the yiven debt — the remainder will be the true discount. Examples. — Find the present worth, of $156.75, due 1 yr. hence, at 10 %. The amount of $1 for 1 yr. at 10 % is SI. 10. We divide $156.75 by S1..10; the quotient is the present worth, which subtracted from the given sum, leaves the true discount. and true discount 1.1 0) 1 5 6.7 5(14 2.5 Pres. Worth. 46 7 27 5 5 5 $1 5 6.7 5 Sum or Debt. $1 4 2.5 Present Worth. SI 4.2 5 True Discount. j^''*iiOOF.— The Int. of SI 42.50 for 1 yr. at 10 % is $14.25, ^Ikich added to the [jrincijjal, or present worth, gives the aiiiount or debt $156.75. Uought a Horse for S130 on 8 mo. credit. AVhat would be the present worth of the debt, discounted at 6 % ? The amount of SI f^,- « f 1-0 4 • 1 o 0.0 (1 2 5 dol. Ans. mo. at 6 % is $1.04. for S 260 520 Find the present worth and discount of S413.65, payable in 96 days, discounted at 10 % . The int. of SI, at 10,^ is readilyfound by multiply- ing the given Xo. of days by 472 (short method). The amount is $1.0263. 0|2|6|3)413.6 5(4 3.0 5 P 313* 5 W. S4 1 3.6 5 Debt. $4 3.0 5 Present Worth. $1 0.6 Discou7it. '■See " Contracted Division," page 73. 5^ ROPP S RAPID RKCKONER. Hanh Discount is the simple interest of a note or debt, deducted from it in advance, or before it becomes due. AVhen money is obtained at a bank, the interest for the specified time, and three days more — called ''days of grace," is deducted from the sum or face of tiie note in advance, tlie remaijider being called Avails or Proceeds. Ri'LE. — Compute the interest on the face of the note at the given rate % for tjiuee days moix than the specified time, the result ivili be the discount. Subtract the discount from the sum or face of the note, and the remainder will be the proceeds. Examples. — What is the bank discount, and what are the proceeds of a note for $100, on 30 days tinie, at 10 % ? By multiplying the No. f 3 3 da of days (83) by 472 (short 472 method), we obtain tlie { — tttt I JA [ 0-9 90 cts.; $10 0.0 Sum. .9 Discount. $9 9.1 Pn whicli, deducted from a note for $1000, payable accurate int. of $1 at 10^, which is9 mills. Now, for $100 it must evidently be 100 times 9 mills — tliat is $100, leaves the proceeds. Find the bank discount on 90 days, at 10^. The given sum being large, we an- nex a to the No. of days (93). The product 2548 is the ac- curate int. of either [ A"«- 25 48 1, 10, 100, or 1000 dollars — dependent on wliere we place the decimal point. Now, it is readilv perceived that the int. of $1000 for 93 days at 10 per %,'must be more than $2,548, and tliat it can not be $254,8 : 9 3.0 47 2 1800 651 37 $10 0.0 Face of Note. 2 5.4 8 Discount. $9 7 4.5 2 Proceeds. What is the bank dis- count on $546.87 for 70 davs, at 10 % ? Tiie int. of $1 for 73 days at 10 %, is just 2 cts; it is tlien easily fouiul for $546.87. consequently, it must be $25.48. $5 4 6.8 7 7 3 da. 0-2, 4 7 2 i Ans. $1 0.9 4 ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 59 Find the bank f S 9 7.6 8 14 mo. 13 days, discount and pro- 3 4-4 1 ceeds of $97.68, 9 7 7~ due in 1 yr. 2 mo. J 3 9 1* $97.68 'Sum. 10 days, discount- j 42 7.05 Discount edat6%. Com- 2)14X0 S90.63 Proceeds. puted by the first | ' '- , rule for casting L $ 7.0 o int., at 6 ^. Interest. The difference between true and bank discount is insignifi- cant for short periods of tijue, but increases in a fearful ratio as tlie time extends into years, as will be seen in the following illustration. How much would [ receive for a note of SIOOO, due in 10 years, without interest, if discounted at 10 fo true discount, and how much if discounted at the same rate fo by bank discount, not reckoning days of grace ? Ans. $500 by true discount. Nothing by bank discount. Trne Method. Banker's Method. $ 2.0 Amount of $1 for 10 yrs. SIOOO. Face of Note. 2.0 0) 1 0.0 Face of Note. §1 Q Q- Int. for 10 yrs. Ans. $yOO Present Worth. 00. Proceeds. True discount is the interest on the present worth of a note, which is always /e.s.s than its face. Bank discount is the interest on the /ace of a note, and the interest deducted from it leaves \.\\q proceeds. Hence, when- ever the interest equals the face of the note or debt, there will be no proceeds left; that is, any note without interest becomes worthless, when discounted by bankers' method, in the same time that it would double itself at the given rate %. PROFIT AXI> LOSS. Profit or Loss is the difiference between the cost of an article and the amount received for it. Tlie Gain or Loss i-s always estimated on the cost price. "See notes on page :57. (30 ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. To find the gain or loss, when tlie cost price and gain or loss per cent, are given. Rule. — Multiply the cod price by the gain or loss per cent., and from the product point off two more decimal places than there are decimals in the multiplicand — the result will be the gain or loss. To find the selling price, the gain or loss i.s added to, or sub- tracted from the cost price. Examples. — Flour that cost $7.50 per bbl., was sold at 12 ^ profit : what was the gain, and what was the selling price per bbl ? $ 7.5 12 Ans. .9 0-0 Gain per bbl 7.5 Cost pric ^ An.-?. $8.4 A wagon that cost $115 was sold at a discount of 20 % : j what was the loss, and what } was the selling price ? price per bbl. Selling price per bbl, $1 1 5 20 \ns. $2 3.0 Loss. $1 15 23 Ans. S9 2 Cost price. Loss. Selling price. What must goods that cost 25 cts. per yd. be sold at so as to make 15 fc . 15 .03 7 5 .2 5 Ans. .2 8- Gain per yd. Cost price 28f cts. per yd. I cleared 8| % on a lot of Hogs which cost me $625: what did I gain, and what did I get for the lot? loss An 625 5 7-8 Gain % reversed. 5 000 4 38 31 5 4.6 9 Gain. 6 2 5.0 Cost price. Ans. $6 7 9.6 9 Selling price, per cent, when the cost and sell To find the gain ing price are given. Rule. — Find the difference between the cost and selling price, which will be the gain or loss. Annex two ciphers to the gain or loss, and divide it by the cost price- -the result will be the gain or loss per cent. ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 01 Bought Wheat at $1.25 per | bu. and sold it for SI. 50 : what j per cent, did I make by the transaction ? SI. 5 1.2 5 Selling price. Cost price. .2 5 Gain per bu. 1.2 5)2 5.0 0(2 0%, Ans. A merchant sold cloth at S3 per yd. that cost S3.60 : what % did he lose ? If reduced to its lowest terras, equals f . S3.6 Cost price. 3.0 Selling price. .6 Loss per yd. 3.6!0j6 0.0i0(16f %, Ans. 240 2 4i2e»i. |A = |. .2 5 .2 2 Selling price. Cost price. A grocer sells coffee at 25 cts per lb. that cost him 22: what -j 2 2)'^:00"(13^'%, Ans % does he make ? 8 1 4 Rem. i± = A man paid S324 for a Team, f and sold it again for $315.90 : I what % did he lose ? | J Instead of annexing two ciphers to the dividend (8.10), we omit those in the divisor (324.00). [ S3 2 4.0 3 1 5.9 2 4) 8.10(2i%,An3. 1.6 2 B^u. A Farm that cost S4800, was sold j for S5000: what % was gained by the transaction ? "^S) $5000 4800 2 00(4^%, Ans. 8 Rem. -^^ = I OOI.I> AXI> CIJRREXC Y, Gold is usually represented as rising and falling, but being the standard of value, it does not vary. The variation is in the currency substituted for gold or specie ; hence, when gold is said to be at a premium, the currency or circulating medium is made the standard, wiiile it is in fact l)elow par. G2 ROPP S KAPID KECKONER. To cliiinge gold into currency. mim of (/old by (he price of gold. Examples. — How mucli currency can be obtained for $362.50 in gold, when gold is at 108;^, or J?1.08? We reverse and write the price with its cents' order under the units of the given sum, tlien multiply by short method and point ofl" two figures. B.VL.B.—^Iultiply the given $3 6 2.5 0.1 36 9 250 9 00 Ans. $3 9 1.5 How much currency can be obtained for $85 in gold, it being at 112| fo ? Here we reverse and take the sum or tjuantity for the multiplier, placing units under cents, or hundredths. Sl.l 2-7 5 5 8 9020 564 [ Ans. $9 5.8 4 To change Currency into Gold. in currency by (he price of gold. How much gold can tained for $70.85 in gree gold being at 109 ^,or$l Rule. — Divide the amount be ob- r -. nbacks, \ $1.09? (. 9) 7 0.8 5(6 5 dol. Ans. 5 4 5 How much gold can be bought for $175 in currency, gold being at f - 1I.1|3|7|5) 1 7 5.0 (1 5 3.8 4 Ans. 6125 437 96 I 5 When gold is at a certain per cent, premium over currency, tlie discount on the currency is not the same as the premium on gold ; thus, when gold is at 25 % premium, the corre- sponding discount on currency is but 20 % ; and when gold is at 200 %, or 100 % premium, $1 currency is worth 50 cts. in gold ; but when the discount on currency is 100 ^, it is entirely worthless. To find the corresponding value and discount on Currency when the premium or price of gold is given. Rule. — Annex (ivo ciphers (o 100, and divide i( by (he price of gold ; the quotient vAll be (he value i in gold ) of $1 currency ; and the difference between (his. sum and 100, will be (he discount on currency. = ;>ti' "Contracted Uivis-iou," page 78. ROPP S RAPID KKCKONEK. 63 When gold is 20 % pre- mium, or at 120 % ; what is the corresponding value and discount on currency? r 1210) 10 0.010 (83Jcts. Ans. 40 4 Rein. y\ = \. 100 1 Ans. 1 6 I % Discount. To find the corresponding price and premium on gold, when the value or discount on currency is known. KuLE. — Annex two ciphers to 100, and divide it by the value {in gold) of $1 currency ; the quotient will he the price of gold in currency, and the difference between this sum and 100 will be the premium. When the discount f « r. , t^ • on currency is 2d ^o, 7 5) 1 0.0 (1 o o ^ Price, Ans. or SI currency is | 250 100 wortli Tocts. in gold; \ 25 33 J Premium, Ans. what is the corre- I 2 5 Hem. sponding price, and | |4 = ^. premium on gold? [ TABL.E, vShowing the comparative value of Gold and Currency When tlie price of $1 The Premium on The Correspondins: val. of The Discount on Guld is I in Currency; Gold is $1 Currency IS i in GoM) Currency is 101 cts. 1 % 99x^0 cts. m % 105 '' 5 '' 95.\ " 4Jf " 110 " 10 " 90}a " 9tV " 115 " 15 " 8611 " is.V " 120 " 20 " 83* " 16| " 125 " 25 " 80 20 " 133i " 33i " 75 25 " 150 " 50 " 66i " 33^ " 1661 - 661" 60 40 '' 200 " 100 " 50 50 500 '' 400 " 20 80 *' 1000 " 900 " 10 90 " iOOOO " 9900 " 1 99 '•- 64 PART^ITERSHIP OR CO^TIPAl^Y A Partnershii) or Firm is an association of two or more persons, for the purpose of transacting business with an agreement to share the profits and hisses proportionally. Capital or Joint Stoch' is ihe amount of money or property used in the business. Dividend is the amount of profit or loss apportioned to each partner. To find each partner's share of the gain or loss. Rulj:. — Divide the whole gain or loss by the entire stock; the quotient will be the fjain or loss per cent. Multiply each partner'' s stock by thl^ per cent., the result mil be each one's share of the gain or loss. Examples. — Smith and Jones entered into partnershij) with a capital of $6000, of which Smith furnished $3500, and Jones S2o00. They gain $600; what was each one's share of the gain? 6000) 600.00 (.10, or 10 cts. gain on the dollar. $3500 X .10 = $350 Smith's share of the gain. $2500 X .10 = $250 Jone's share of the gain. A, B, and C, rented a farm for S9G0. They cleared above all ex- penses S456. "What % did they gain on their money, and what was A's share Avho furnished $350? 9 610) 4 5 6.010 (.4 7 }, Ans. 7 2 0' 4 8 i?ew. i|= -^. $350 X-47^ = $166.25 A.'s share. Thompson, Clark & Co., have failed in business. Their liabilities or debts amount to S42650, and their assets or available property to $23884. How much can they pay on the dollar, and what dividend will Franklin Kadford re- ceive, Avhose claim is $750? 4 2 6 5i0) 2 3 8 8 4.010 (.5 6, or 56 cts. on the dollar 2 55 90 $7 5 X.5 6 = $4 2 0, Radford's share. This is usually termed Bankruptcy, but is computed on the same prin- ciple as partnership. Mike, Dick, and Patrick dug a ditch for $100. Mike worked 13, Dick 10, and Patrick 9 days. What wages did they make per day, and what was each one's share of the SlOO? HUPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 65 We divide the $100 by 32, the whole Xo. of days worked, the quotient will be the wages per day, which multiplied by the number of days! that 3 2) 1 0.0 (3.1 2 5 wages per day. 40 80 160 S3.] 25 X 13 = $40.62^ Mike's share. S3.125 X 10 = $31.25 Dick's " ^ach'^ine "worked; L 5^.125 X 9 = $28.12^ Patrick's '' will give each one's share. I.EVYIXG TAXES. Taxes are assessments laid on property for the piirpose of defraying public expenses. To find the rate of taxation, the required tax and the value of the taxable property being known. EuLE. — Annex ciphers to the number denoting the tax, and divide it by the number denoting the taxable property, the quotient will be rate of taxation. Examples, r 4 8 3 510) 9 6 T.OjO (.0 2, or 2 cts. on the dol. -In a certain | $3765 Harper's property. S C II O O 1 Cl IS- -» ^ ^ trict, valued '—^ ^ , at $48350, it [ Ans. $7 5.3 " School tax. becomes necessary to levy a tax of S967 for school purposes. What will be the rate of taxation, and what will be Henry Harper's school tax, whose property is valued at S3765? An iron bridge which cost $1353.75, was built by a town- ship whose taxable property is valued at S386718. What will be the tax on the dollar, and what will be John Sher- man's bridge tax whose property is valued at S7284? 3 8 6 7 1 8) 1 3 5 3.7 5 (.0 3 5 +, or 3* mills on the dol. 1935960 2 3 7 Beni. $ 7 2 8 4 vSherman's property. .0 3 ■} 218 5 2 3642 $2 5.4 9 4 Slier man's bridge tax. 66 ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. PRICE OF IIOOIS. A short and siini)le method for finding tlie net weiglit, or })rice of Hogs, when the gross weight or price is given, and vice versa. NoTF..— Tt is generallj' nssumed that tlie gross weight of Hogs, dimin- ished by 1-5 or 20 per cent, of itself gives the net weight, and the net weight increased by ^ or 2.0 per cent, of itself, equals tlie gross weight. To find the Net weight, or Gross price ; Multiply the (jiven number by .8 (tenths). Examples. — A hog weighing 305 lbs. gross, will 3 6 5 weitjh 292 lbs. net; and Pork at $3.65 net, is equal \ -^ to $2.92 gross. 2 9 2.0 f 4 8 5 What will be the Net weight of a Hog j g that weighs 485 lbs. gross? I ^^^^^_ ,^^^ j,^^_ To find the Gross weight or Net price ; Divide the (jiven number by .8 (tenths). Examples. — A Hog weighing 348 lbs. net, weighed 435 11 )s. gross; and Pork at $3.48 gross, -| '"''— ^ is equal to $4.35 net. $4.75 per cwt. for Hogs gross, is equa what price net? f .8)3_4 8.0 \ 43 5 al to I .8) 4 7 5.0 I Ans. $5.9 3 | iriEXSlTRATIO]V. 3IeiiSiir((fAoii is the art of measuring surfaces, and determining the area and solid contents of geometrical fig- ures or bodies. We here present a series of short and sim]>le methods for ascertaining the contents, or capacity of Granaries, Corn- cribs, Cisterns, Casks, etc. ; also rules for measuring Lund)er, Logs, Land, and numerous other things, all of which are of practical utility to Farmers, Merchants, and Meehanics. ROPPS RAPID RECKONER. 67 Grain Measure. To find the capacity of a Granary, Bin, or Wagon-bed. KuLE. — Multiply (by short method) the number of cubic feet bij 6308, and point off one decinud place — the result will be the coirect ansiver in bushels and tentk-i of a bu. For only an approximate answer, multiply the cu. ft. by 8, and point off one decimal jilace. Examples. — Find the f i capacity of a Granary 18 ft. | long, 9 ft. wide, and 8 ft. high. | To obtain the number of j cu. ft. we multiply the lenqfh^ \ icidthj and height toycther. [ 8X9X8: Xv\i 12 9 6 cu. ft. 6308 10368 39 7 1 041.4 bu. (9X6X7^ What is the capacity of a | Bin 9 ft. long, 6 ft. wide, and - 7^ ft. deep? 4 05 cu, 6 30 8 ft. 3240 M Ans. 3 2 5,4 bu. How much grain will a AVagon-bed hold that is 11 ft, long, 3 ft. wide, and 2 ft, deep ? fll X3X2 6 6 cu. ft. *3 8 Ans, 5 3,0 bu. Find the contents a Wagon- bed 11 ft, 11 in. long, 3 ft. 1 in. wide, and 1 ft. 8 in. deep. We write the inches decimally, thus, 11 in. or \}f equals .91 4- ft.. Jj z= .08 + ft., 8 in, or f = .66 -f ft. See table, page 28, L Ans. 1 1.91 length. 8 0.3 width reversed. 3 7 6 6.1 depth reversed. 24 6 1 cu. ft '^3 8 4 9.6 bu. To find the contents of a Corn-crib. Rule. — Multiply the number of cubic feet by 54, short method, or by 4. J ordinary method, and point off one decimal place — the result will be the answer in bushels. * Here tlio G Itccoincs siiik rtluons, and luiici- i-; oniittcil. G8 KOPPS RAPID RECKONER. Examples.— Find tlie con- tent?^ of a Corn-crib 14 I't. long, 7 ft. wide, and 9 ft. hi i o a i .-» i o / » many .sq. ft. in a hoard J 1 ^ xM = 1 8 0, 1 2)jmj_ 18 ft', lonff, 10 in. wide? Ans. I 5 ft. In a board 16 ft. long, 1 1 6 x 1 4 i = 2 3 2, 12)232 14* in. wide? ] " AnsrT9?lfi. Sff notes, pii-c .'iT. 70 ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. To measure Scantlings, Jois'ts, Plank, Sills, etc. Rule. — Multiply the uidtJt, the thickness, and the length to- (jether (the width and thickness in inches, and the length in ft.), and divide the product by 12 — the result will be square feet. Examples. —How many f 2X4X16 = 128, 12) 128 square ft. in a Scantling 2 by 4, < . -^rp^r r. IH ft. long? => ^ 'I Ans. IO5 ft. In a Scantling 4 by 4, 18 ft. f 4X4X18 = 288, 12) 288 'ong? * i Ans. 24 ft. In a Joist 2 by 8, 10 ft. f 2X8X16= 256, 12)256 long? ) ft.f 2XJ Ans. 2U ft. In a Plank 2\ by 14, 18 f 2^X14X18 = 630, 12) 630 ^^•^«"g- \ Ans.- 52^- ft. In a Sill 8 by 8, 14 ft. {8X8X14 = 896, 12)896 ^°"g- 1 Ans. "T4| ft. Land Measure. To find the number of Acres in a body of Land. Rule. — Multiphi the length by the width (in rods), and divide the product by 160 (carrying the division to 2 decimal places if there is a remainder) ; the result will be the answer in acres and hundredths. r 90 Examples. — How many Acres | gO in^ajeld 90 rods long and 80 rods j igjO) TMjO (45 Ans. 80 How many acres in a r58X37^ = 2175 square rods, pasture 58 rods long, ' and 37.\ wide? | 1 6J0) 2 1 71,5 (1 3.5 9 + Ans. We carry the division -{ 5 7 to two decimal places, 9 5 the answer is then 13 | 15 acres and 59 hundredths t 6 Bern. of an acre. ROPP S RAPID RKCKONER. 71 When tlie opposite sides of a piece of land are of unequal length, add them tof/dher and take one-lialf for the mean length or width, as will be illustrated by the following example. 82^ 2) 1 5 46 i 48" 2) 9 4.5 4 7.2 5 4G.' 7 8.7 5 mean length. 5 2.7 4 " width reversed. 3 150 5 51 20 16|0)3 7 2|l(2 3.2 5-t- Ans. 52 41 90 10 Rem. This is not strictly according to geometrical principles, Init is sufficiently accurate for practical purposes. Floor, Wall, and Roof Measure. To find the number of Square Yards in a Floor or Wall. Rule. — Multiply the length hij the tddth or height (in ft.), and divide the product by 9, the result uill be square yards. Examples. — How many square yds. in a Floor 18 ft. wide, and 20 ■{ ft. Ion?? I 18 2 9) 8 60 .square ft. Ans. 4 '• vds. 1 5.7 5 width. 6 1 length reversed. iTs" 94 9)252 How many yds. of carpet, f ' of a yd. wide, will it take for a floor 16 ft. long and loj ft. wide ? We reverse the length and write it with its units under -{ the units of the width, the prod- uct will then be a whole num- ber. To divide 28 by f, we multi- i . .5-1 ■, ply it by the denominator (4). [ ^"^"^- "^ ' ■' ^^^^^ and divide the product by the numerator (3). square ft. " yds. 3) 1 1 2 ROPP S RAPID RECKONER. What will the f 7 6X11=" plastering of Kooni 18 by 20, and 11 ft. high, cost ai 15 cts. per sq. vd ? The length of L the walls is 76 ft. 8 3 6 sq. ft. in 4 walls. 18X20= 360 *' " ceiling. 9) 1 1 9 6 13 3 sq. yds. nearly. 1^ Ans. $1 9.9 5 cost. To find the number of Bricks required in a building. Rule. — Multiply the number of cubic feet by 22-2. The number of cu. ft. is found by multiplying the length, height, and thickness (in. ft.) together. Bricks are usually made 8 in. long, 4 inches wide, and 2 in. thick ; hence, it requires 27 bricks to make a cu. ft. with- out mortar, but it is generally assumed that the mortar tills ^ of the space. Examples. — How many bricks are required to pave a walk 78 ft. long aud 6 ft. wide, reckoning 4^ bricks to the sq. ft. ; and what will they cost at $7.50 per thou- sand ? X6 468 4 sq. ft. -j Ans [aus. $ 2106 bricks. $1 5.7 9 5 cost. How many bricks are required for a House whose walls are 156 ft. long, 20 ft. high, and 1^ ft. (16 in.) thick; deducting 640 cu. ft. for doors and windows? 156X20Xli 416 cu. ft. 640 3 5 28 22* Ans. 7 9 200 bricks. How many bricks will it take to wall up a Cellar, 17 by 18, 6} ft. high, with an 8 inch (f ft.) wall ; and how many to pave the floor, reckoning 4-2 brick to the square foot? ISft.ontsidt-^ 67jX62Xt= 292 cu. ft., nearly. 18 ft. long. I.' ' -31 15% by 1623 inside. 1 •"! 261 +SQ. ft. ^ ^1 p" !■< ft. lone. 16§X15|X4^ 292 09.1 6570 bricks in walls. rll75 bricks in floor. The whole length of the wall and twice 15§ ft. Ans. 7745 bricks in all. is 67^ ft., viz., twice 18 ft. ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 78 To tint! the number of Sliingles required in a roof. KuT-E. — Multiply the number of square feel in the roff by 8, if the shingles are exposed 4^ inches, or by 1\ if exposed 5 inches. To find the number of square feet, multiply the kmjth of the roof by twice the length of the rafters. To find the length of the rafters, at one-fourth pitch, multi- ply the width of the building by .56 (hundredtlisi ; at one-third pitch, by .6 (tenths); at ^uo-y//l'/(.s pitch, by .64 (hundredtlis) ; at one-half pitcii, by .71 (hundredths). This gives the length of tlie rafters from the apex to the end of the wall, and whatever they are to project must be taken into consideration. Note. — ByV, or 3-3 pitch is meant that theajiex or comb of tlie roof is to be 14 ^"' 73 the width of the buildiug hiyher than the walls or base of the rafters. Examples. — How many f ^ _ ^ , shingles will it take to cover a 2 1 X 1 -5 = 3 1 o ^sq. ft. shed, the roof of which is 21 ft. | ^ long and 15 ft. wide, reckon- -{ Ans. 2 2 6 8 shingles, ing 7| shingles to tlie sq. ft. ; 4 } and what will they cost at | \„s 39.0 3 9 cost. $4.25 per thousand? [ How many shingles will it f take to cover a roof 34 ft. long, 34X27^^0 35 .sq. ft. and 27-i ft. from eave to eave. j 7 i The shingles to be exposed 5 j Ans. 6 7 3 2 inches? ( How many shingles are required to cover a building 42 feet long, and 30 feet wide; the roof to have ^ pitch, and to project 1 foot on each end, and 1 foot on each side for the eaves — the shingles to be exposed 4.] inches to the weather? 2 times 19^^ 3 8 4 2 and 2 =: 44 167 2 sq. ft. 8 Ans. 13376 3 feet wide. ^ 1 8.0 ft. length of rafters 74 KOPr S JJAl'II) RECKONER. ACXOIXTS, Every Farmer and Mecluinic, whether lie does much or little business, should keep a. record of his transactions in a clear and systematic manner. For the benefit of those who have not had the opportunity of acquiring a primary knowl- edge of the principles of book-keeping, we here present a simple form of keeping accounts which is easily compre- hended, and well adapted to record the business transactions of farmers, mechanics, and laborers. 1«73. ALBERT DAVIS. •Jan. 10 " 17 Feb. 4 a 4 Mar. 8 a 8 « 13 « 27 Apr. 9 y May G u 24 Julv 4 To 7 bu. Wheat @ 1.25 By shoeing span of Horses To 14 bu. Oats @ .45 '' 5 lbs. Butter @, .25 By new Harrow " sharpening 2 Plows " new Double-tree To Cow and Calf " half ton of Hay By Cash '. " repairing Corn-planter To one Sow with pigs By Cash, to balance account... 8 75 1 2 6 30 1 25 1 1 18 2 48 00; 6 25 25 4 17 50 I 35 ! $88 1 i$88 05 50 HENRY EDWARDS. Cr. Mar. 21 , Bv 3 davs' Labor (a) 1.25 " 2l!To2Shoats " 3.00 " 23 I " 18 bu. Corn " .45 May 1 ! By 1 month's Labor 1 I To Cash .June 19 ; By 8 days' Mowing @, 1.50 " 26 To 50 lbs. Flour .July 10 j" 27 lbs. Meat @ .10 *' 29 By 9 days' Harvesting... " 2.00 Aug. 12 ! " 6 days' Labor " 1.50 " 12 To Cash Sept. 1 '' " to balance account. 3 6 00' 8 10 1 1 25 10 00 j 12 2 75 2 70 18 9 20 00 18 20 $67 $67 75 00 00 APPENDIX. Simultaneous, or Cross Multiplication. By this method of multiplication the product of any two numbers may be obtained without making any figures ex- cept the product itself. It is, however, a somewhat difficult process to explain it thoroughly with the pen alone. In practice, the work is really much simpler and less tedious than it ap})ears on paper, for then we name results only and thereby obviate a considerable portion of the labor. We present this method for the benefit of intelligent students, knowing it to be well adapted to drill and expand the mental powers. It may also be applied M'ith advantage to practical calculations by a good accountant, and besides it is a great satisfaction to any one who thoroughly under- stands its principles. 'RuL.E.-— First multiply the units together, then multiply the figures which produce tens, and adding the products mentally, set down the residt and carry as usuxil. Xext midtiply the figures which produce hundreds, and add the products as before. In like manner perform the multiplications ichich produce thousands, etc., adding the products of each order as you proceed, and thus continue the operation till all the figures are multiplied. Examples.— Multiply 78 by 53. f 7 8 __o3 First we multiply the unit's figures 3 and 8 ] \ns. 413 4 together, making 24 ; we set down the 4 and [ carry 2 (tens). Next we multiply the ten's fig. 7 by the unit's fig. 3, and the unit's fig. 8 by the ten's fig. 5, and aiki the two products together mentally, making 63 with the 2 (tens); we set down the 3 and carry the 6. We then mul- tiply the ten's fig. 7 by the ten's fig 5, which with the 6 (tens) makes 41. (75; lb ROPPS RAPID RECKONER. Multiply 354 bv 62. f 354 I 62 First we multiply the 4 units by the 2 1 j^ns. 219 4 8 units. Second, tlie 5 tens by the 2 units, [ and tiie 4 units by the 6 tens, making 34. Third, the 3 hundreds by the 2 units, and 5 tens by the 6 tens, making 39 with the 3 to carry. Fourth, the 3 hundreds by tiie 6 tens, making 21, including the 3 (tens). Multiply 627 by 453. f 6 2 7 J 453 First we multiply the 7 by the 3. Second, 1 ^^s. 2 8 4 31 the 2 by the 3 and the 7 by the 5, making [ 43, including the tens. Third, the 6 by the 3, the 2 by the 5 and the 7 by the 4, making 60. Fourth, the 6 by the 5 and the 2 by the 4^^ making 44. Fifth, the 6 by the 4, making 28. Multiply 7325 bv 614. f 7 3 25 I 614 First say, 4 times 5 are 20. Second, 2 1 ^^s. 4 4 9 7 5 5 to carry to 4 times 2 and 1 time 5, make [ 15. Third, 1 to carry to 4 times 3, 1 time 2 and 6 times 5, make 45. Fourth, 4 to carry to 4 times 7, 1 time 3 and 6 times 2, make 47. Fifth, 4 to carry to 1 time 7 and 6 times 3, make 29. Sixth, 2 to carry to 6 times 7 make 44. Multiply 4587 by 3126. f 4 5 8 7 J 31 26 First say, 6X7-= 42. Second, 4 1 Ans. 14338962 (tens), 6X8 and 2X7 = 66. Third, [ ^ «''• ^ ^ -^^ ^ -^ » ^ 6 (tens), 6X5, 2X8 and 1X7=^59. Fourth, 5 (tens), 6 X 4, 2 X 5, 1 X 8 and 3 X 7 = 68. Fifth, 6 (tens) to 2 X 4, 1X5 and 3X8 = 43. Sixth, 4 (tens), 1X4 and 3X5 = 23. Seventh, 2 (tens), 3X4 = 14. Multiply 93612 by 84075. f 9 3 612 1 840 7 5 First, 5X2 = 10. Second, 1 (ten), 1 a „« 7870428 900 5X1 and 7X2 = 20. Third, 2 (tens), | ^o^"^-«-'^^ 5 X 0, 7 X 1 and 0X2 = 39. Fourth, 3 (tens), 5 X •'^, 7 X 6, X 1 and 4 X 2 = 68. Fifth, 6 (tens), 5 X », 7 X 3, X 6, 4 X 1 and 8 X 2 = 92. Sixth, 9 (tens), 7 X 9, X 3, 4 X 6 and 8X1 = 104. Seventh, 10 (tens), 0X9, 4 X 3 and 8 X 6 = 70. Eighth, 7 (tens), 4 X 9 and 8 X 3 = 67. Ninth, 6 (tens) and 8X9 = 78. ROPP'S RAPID RECKONER. 77 Peculiar and Useful Contractions in Multiplication. To Multiply any number of two figures by 11. Write the sum of the tirojigures between them. Multiply 34 by 11. Say 3 and 4 are 7, and write it be- tween the 3 and 4. Ans, 374. Multiply 97 by 11. Say 9 and 7 are 16, write the 6 in the middle, and add the 1 to the 9. Ans. 1067. To find the product of any two numbers, whose right hand figures make 10, and whose left hand figures are alike. Multiply the units together and set doicn their product, then add I to the upper tens and multiply it by the lower, and set their prod- uft before the product of the units. Multiply 75 bv 75. f Z 5 ^ • ' J 75 Say 5 times 5 are 25 and set it down, then j \,is, 5 6 2 5 increase the upper 7 by 1, and say 7 times 8 [ are 56, which set before the 25. Multiply 117 by 113. f '^ '^ J Sav 3 times 7 are 21 ; add 1 to 11 and sav 1 \,i^ 2 3 '' '^ 1 II times 12 are 132. L ^ Multiply 89 by 81. f ^9 Say once 9 is 9, set it down and prefix a 0, j \„j^ 7 20 9 then say 8 times 9 are 72. [ When the left hand figures make 10, and the right hand figures are alike. Set dov:n the product of the unit% and to the left of it the prod- uct of the tens increased by one of the units figure.^. Multiplv 58 bv 58. r f? J 5 8 Say 8 times 8 are 64 and set it down, then 1 \,i^^ 3 3 64 sav 5 times 5 are 25 and 8 (one of the units), [ make 33. Multiply 62 by 42. f 4 2 Say 2 times 2 are 4, set it down and prefix 1 ^Vns. 2 6 4 a 0, then sav 4 times 6 are 24 and 2 make 26. [ 78 Ropp's RAPID rp:ckoner. To square any number of Ds instantaneously, and without making any figures except the product itself. Begin on the left and write as many 9s, letis one, as there are 9s in the given number, an 8, as many Os as 9s, and a 1. What is the square of 999 ? Ans. 998001. Set down two 9s, an 8, two Os, and a 1. Find the square of 99999. Ans. 9999800001. Here are five 9s, write four 9s, an 8, four Os, and a 1. Contracted Division— A New Method. By this method of division which is scientific and practi- cal, the quotient is obtained by an easy process with very few figures, and far less labor than would at first be inferred from the rule. It possesses the peculiar characteristic, that the larger the divisor, the less figures and labor is required in the operation. The diligent student will never regret the time and labor he bestows, in trying to learn and comprehend the principles of this useful and amusing method. Rule. — Assume as many figures of the divklend as will con- tain the integral part of the divisor, count the remaining figures in the integral part of the dividend, which, increased hy 1, will he the number of figures in the integral part of the (pLoticnt. If the division is to be carried to decimali, increase this number hy as many as there ivill be decimal places in the quotient. Take as many figures of the divisor as there will be figures in the quotient, annexing ciphers if there are not o.s many. Take as many figures of the dividend as will contain this divisor, and if there are not enough, supply the deficiency by annexing ciphers. Obtain the first quotient figure in the usual manner, multiply the divisor by this figure, carrying the tc7is, hoirever, front the nearest rejected figure in the divisor, and irrite only the renuiinders in the same manner as in " Short Method of Division." Reject the right hand figure of the preceding divisor and use the last remainder for the next partial dividend, and thus proceed until the divisor is reduced to a single figure, then point off the required number of decimals. Examples.— Divide 4972356 by 21345, carrying the divi- sion to units. Assuming as r 2,1,3|4 5) 4 9 7|2 3 5 6 (2 3 3 Ans., nearly, many figures as -I 7 will contain the [ 6 whole divisor, there are ^?ro figures remaining in the dividend, by this we know that there will be ^Arce figures in the quotient. ROPP's RAPID RECKONER. 79 We now take the three left hand figures of the divisor, and as many of the dividend as will contain them, and proceed tJius, 213 in 497 is contained 2 times; setting the 2 in the quotient we say, 2 times 3 are 6 and 1 (ten) from the nearest rejected fig. 4, makes 7, which would fall under the 7 in the dividend, but writing the remainders only, we set a in its place. We then ."^ay, 2 times 1 are 2 and 7 (written in the rem.) make 9; 2 times 2 are 4, (no rem.) We now mark off the 3 in the divisor and say, 21 in 70, 3 times, 3 times 1 are 3, and 1 (ten) from the rejected fig. 3, makes 4 and (written in the rem.), make 10; 3 times 2 are 6 and 1 (ten), makes 7, (no rem.) We next mark off the 1 in the divisor and say, 2 in 6, 3 times, 3 times 2 are 6, (no rem.), which finishes the operation. Divide 523824 by 748, carrying the division to 1 decimal place. ^ ,, o^ f 7,4,8,0) 5 238 2 4 (7 0.3 Ans. Here there are 2 figures -l ' ' ' ' 99 left in the dividend after as- ^ suming enough to contain the divisor (748), hence, there will be 3 figures in the integral part, and with the 1 decimal — 4 places in the quotient. There being only 3 figures in the divisor, we annex a to it ; take as many "figures of the dividend as will contain it now, and proceed thus; 7480 in 52382, 7 times and 22 over, we then mark ofl' the in the divisor and say, 748 in 22, time, set a in the quotient and mark off the 8, and proceed, 74 in 22, time, set another in the quotient, mark off the 4 and say, 7 in 22, 3 times, 3 times 7 are 21 and 1 (ten from the rejected figure 4, make 22, (no rem.) Divide 8186352.9375 by 8967.3125, carrying the division to 2 decimal places. Comparing the integral part of the divisor with the in- tegral part of the dividend, shows that there will be 4 figures in the integral part of the quotient, and with the 2 decimals — 6 places in all. We then take the first 6 figures of the divisor, and as many of the dividend as will contain them and proceed as before. 3,9,6,7,.3,1|2 5)81863 5i2.9 3 7 5 (2 6 3.4 5 Ans. 2 517 3 1369 179 2 0* See notes, page 37. oi ^ CO ic I— o c 'X ^ r. w> 4- CO ic I- o ".c X ^ c; c >;> co tc m o :c oc ^i c. O' t^- co to > ■^'^r z X X X -} T ^ -» -1 zi v: £• ~- -} 5:- y k.' i:^ =-/ •— '^ ir r: Ti =• y^ ~ <:i it -. ':? r- !£ IC ?is i4 li <~ Ji Zl :^ ? ■r ■^ :4 ■^ ~ = -/- ■/; V- -; T] r; £- -- 5 £ 2 y- fefe t= ii ^: iii ^ ^ 1 5 T' ~ E ;t; ^ 3;t r s i i i £ ? i = ^-T ? a '^ 3? 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CO CO «i *i *i - -"- = = = --c tr -r X X X -■> -1 -2 S ?: =-:3 S f? fe ^, rr CO o: CO ;s c;,** i; or »4 x O"-' x .t^ -' -' -u = ^ ;o o c"- y; vc 5 »^ ^ ^ i- ^. OT o w o Oi o OT o o» o w o oi o i,< = ;;< — J» = w< = >-< = «-' = ^" — ^' University of California SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which it was borrowed. ; SO'JTHEPN REG'0*i»l. ' '8"*^^ •^*'" I III' llll B 000 008 873 2 TIBSTIIiyEOlsri^IliS. ,4. I have examined "Kopp's ('ommereial (^alculatofJ an :¥