A A UT 1 J] SID 3 GIO 7 2 ' 7 1 r 8 T> LIT b ^ TREASURY of ELIZABETHAN LYRICS BARTER, ^ ^\>' ^^J^^' u dtl ^reaeut*^ of cr^O)^/ /^'^^'y^ A Treasury of Elizabethan Lyrics Seleaed ^ Edited by AMYB^ARTFR Late Head Mistress of Braintree Pupil Teachers' School Editor of "A Book of Sonnets" "Eighteenth Century Comedy" ^c. GEORGE G. HARRAP ^ CO. 1 5 York Street Covent Garden London W.C. 1910 y^/C Lelchworlh : Al I he Arden Press H Srea0urg of &i%thaii lyrics that have been pre- ser\'ed to our own day make up a goodly col- lection. Some of them are almost worthless; some are little more than the mechanical eft'orts of professional rhymesters who wrote simply to satisfy a jniblic demand. More, however, possess real literary merit, and a considerable proportion rise to that higher realm of litera- ture which is reserved for works destined to immortality. In few, even of the weaker ex- amples, is that indefinable "singing" quality, which for want of a better name we may call " tunefulness," entirely absent. The Elizabe- thans are undoubtedly our great song-writers, rivalled only by that group of Scottish poets, of whom Burns is the chief. Yet even here there is rivalry without similarity. The difference be- tween the Elizabethan lyrics and those of all other ages is hard to define, yet its existence is recognized at once by all lovers of poetry, even by those whose study of literature has been neither deep nor critical. The best of the Elizabethan lyrics — those which are original, and not merely imitative — are strongly characteristic of the England of their day. They are fresh and vigorous, as England was fresh and vigorous after her "Renaissance" or new birth. They are marked by a wonderful spontaneity and free- dom from self-consciousness. They have the faults, as well as the merits, of youth. They are unpolished, sometimes crude in workmanship; [8] il ^redgurg of (Bfi;a6etgan g^grtcg where an attempt at elaboration is made, it is the elaboration of a child — open, artless, not aiming at subtle effects, but pleased with a new arrangement or contrivance because it is new. They have few of the skilfully wrought har- monies of diction or metre which charm our ears in the works of poets of a later age. But they are true songs, with a tuneful lilt and a brain-haunting cadence such as few modern lyrics possess. To collect these scattered poems, and pre- sent them in a form accessible to the general reader has been a task only accomplished by the labour and enthusiasm of students of Eliza- bethan literature during the last fifty years. The chief storehouses from which treasures have been drawn may be briefly indicated. I. The Elizabethan Miscellanies. Collections of verses by various authors were published throughout the period, sometimes by book- sellers, sometimes by literary editors. They were extremely popular, and usually went through many editions. In them were preserved a large number of poems which would other- wise have been lost. Mr Courthope in his *' His- tory of English Poetry" says that these Miscel- lanies form a series of landmarks showing the progress of Elizabethan poetry. The chief are : (a) "Tottell's Miscellany," 1557. The full title of this work was "Songes and Sonnettes written by the ryght honorable Lorde Henry Haward late Earle of Surrey and other." It [9] oR Ctrcacurg of (Sfi ^aSctfian E^rtce contains the poems of VVyatt and Surrey, and others by various authors. (b) "The Paradyse of Daynty Devises, de- vised and written for the most part by M. Ed- wards, sometimes of her Majesties Chappel: the rest by sundry learned gentlemen, both of honoyr and woorshippe." 1576. A collection of poems mostly didactic and religious. (c) "A Gorgious Gallery of Gallant Inven- tions." 1578. (d) "A handefull of Pleasant Delites." 1584. (e) Breton's "Bower of Delites." 1592. (f) "The Phoenix Nest." 1593. This contains poems by Lodge, Watson, Peele, and others. (gj "The Arbor of Amorous Devises." 1597. (hj "The Passionate Pilgrim." 1599. This contains poems by Shakespeare, 13arnfield, Marlowe, Raleigh and others. (i) "England's Helicon." 1600. "This is the most celebrated and the richest of the whole class, and is in itself a compendium of all that is best or that at the time was famous among Elizabethan pastorals and love poems. Every living poet of eminence seems to have been drawn upon for a copy of verses, and much was added from the stores of those no longer living." (T. H. Ward.) fj) "A Poetical Rapsody." 1602. Edited by Francis Davison, who contributed many poems. II. The E lizabct hail Soil g Books . In these books we have a large number of lyrics set to music. [10] Jl txe of (Bfi^aBcfBan ferric© Even so, poor bird, like thee None alive will pity me. Whilst as fickle Fortune smiled, Thou and I were both beguiled. Every one that flatters thee Is no friend in miser}'. Words are easy, like the wind; Faithful friends are hard to find: Ever}' man will be thy friend Whilst thou hast wherewith to spend; But if store of crowns be scant, No man will supply thy want. If that one be prodigal, Bountiful they will him call, And with such-like flattering, ' Pity but he were a King;' If he be addict to vice. Quickly him they will entice; If to women he be bent, They have at commandement; But if Fortune once do frown. Then farewell his great renown; They that fawned on him before Use his company no more. He that is thy friend indeed, He will help thee in thy need: If thou sorrow, he will weep; If thou wake, he cannot sleep; Thus of every grief in heart He with thee doth bear a part. These are certain signs to know Faithful friend from flattering foe." RicJiard Barnfield. [42] il Creaeur^ of &i'^aht^an £^nc0 XII DAM^TA'S MADRIGAL IN PRAISE OF HIS DAPHNIS TUNE on my pipe the praises of my love, Love fair and bright; Fill earth with sound, and airy heavens above, Heaven's Jove's delight, With Daphnis' praise. To pleasant Tempe groves and plains about. Plains shepherds' pride Resounding echoes of her praise ring out. Ring far and wide My Daphnis' praise. When I begin to sing, begin to sound! Sound loud and shrill ! Do make each note upon the skies rebound! Skies calm and still. With Daphnis' praise. Her tresses are like wires of beaten gold, Gold bright and sheen; Like Nisus' golden hair that Scylla polled, Scylla o'erseen Through Minos' love. [43] cH vTrcacur^j of (Sft^aBcf^an S^rtcc Her eyes like shining- lamps in midst of night, Night dark and dead, Or as the stars that give the seamen light, Light for to lead Their wand'ring ships. Amidst her cheeks the rose and lily strive, Lily snow-white, When their contend doth make their colour thrive, Colour too bright For shepherds' eyes. Her lips like scarlet of the finest dye, Scarlet blood-red; Teeth white as snow which on the hills doth lie, Hills overspread By Winter's force. Her skin as soft as is the finest silk, Silk soft and fine, Of colour like unto the whitest milk. Milk of the kine Of Daphnis' herd. As swift of foot as is the pretty roe, Roe swift of pace, When yelping hounds pursue her to and fro, Hounds fierce in chase. To reave her life. [44] cH ^reaeur^ of &i^aUt^an ^^rtce Cease, tongues, to tell of any more compares. Compares too rude, Daphnis' deserts and beauty are too rare : Then here conclude Fair Daphnis' praise. y. Wooitoii. XIII A ROUNDELAY BETWEEN TWO SHEPHERDS First Shep. TELL me, thou gentle shepherd swain, Who's yonder in the vale is set? Second Shep. Oh, it is she, whose sweets do stain The lily, rose, the violet ! First Shep. Why doth the sun against his kind Fix his bright chariot in" the skies r Second Shep. Because the sun is stricken blind With looking on her heavenly eyes. First Shep. Why do thy flocks forbear their food. Which sometime were thy chief delight r [45] Second Shei'. Because they need no other good That live in presence of her sight. First Shep. Why look these flowers so pale and ill, That once attired this goodly heath ? Second Shep. She hath robbed nature of her skill, And sweetens all things with her breath. First Shep. Why slide these brooks so slow away, Whose bubbling murmurs pleased thine ear i Second Shep. Oh, marvel not although they stay, When they her heavenly voice do hear! First Shep. From whence come all these shepherd swains, And lovely nymphs attired in green? [46] Second Shep. From gathering garland^ on the plains, To crown our fair the shepherds' queen. Both The sun that lights this world below, Flocks, flowers, and brooks will witness bear: These nymphs and shepherds all do know, That it is she is only fair. Michael Drayton. XIV SIRENO, A SHEPHERD Having a lock of his fair nymph's hair wrapt about with green silk, mourns thus in a love-ditty. WHAT changes here, O hair, I see since I saw you! How ill fits you this green to wear, For hope the colour due! Indeed, I well did hope, Though hope were mixed with fear, No other shepherd should have scope Once to approach this heare. [47] cH ^rcaour^ of