FRM'JH LANGUAGE. 
 
 il and Easy Method 
 
 O.F LEARNING THF 
 
 BY 
 Dr. P. HKNN. 
 
 FIUST COT-iSb. 
 
 NEW VORT 
 E. STEIGER & CO. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
 
 PROFESSOR FELICIEN VICTOR FACET 
 
 BY BEQUEST OF MADAME FACET 
 NO. 
 
 \ 
 
STEIGER'S French Series. 
 
 AHN'S 
 
 Practical and Easy Method 
 
 OP LEARNING THE 
 
 FRENCH LANGUAGE. 
 
 BY 
 
 Dr. P. HENN. 
 
 First Course. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UWVERSITV 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 E. STEIGER & CO. 
 
NOTE. 
 
 The excellence of ANN'S Practical and Easy Method of 
 Learning the French Language, both as a guide for beginners, 
 and as a manual for teachers, is allowed on all hands. Still, 
 there i. not an edition of this book extant, in which greater 
 or less deficiencies do not occur. A due regard to the educa- 
 tional requirements of our time and country, has induced the * 
 publisher to issue this new edition, containing a funda- 
 mental Treatise on French pronunciation, com- 
 plete Paradigms of Declensions and Conjugations in so 
 far as they occur in the book itself, and full and accurate 
 Vocabularies of both the French and English words used 
 in the exercises. 
 
 For the convenience of teachers and private learners, a 
 Key to the Exercises has been issued. 
 
 The publisher trusts that these important improvements, 
 whilst making this edition of AHN'S Method more serviceable 
 to both pupil and teacher, will, at the same time, render the 
 acquisition of French a short and attractive task. 
 
 NEW YORK, August 1873. 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1673, by 
 
 B. Steiger, 
 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
 E. STEIGER, NEW YORK, 
 Printer and Electro*yoer , 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 A SHORT GUIDE to FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 Page 
 
 ) . The Alphabet vn 
 
 2. Vowels vm 
 
 3. Consonants xn 
 
 4. Some Exceptions and Difficulties xv 
 
 5. Connection of Word* xvi 
 
 FIRST PART. 
 French and English Exercises. 
 
 1. 2. Definite Article le, la 1 
 
 3. 4. The Adjective bon, bonne 1 
 
 5. 6. Possessive Pronoun mon, ma ] 
 
 7. 8. Indefinite Article un, une 2 
 
 9. 10. Possessive Pronoun ton, ta 2 
 
 11.12. Feminine of Adjectives. General Rule: add e to the Masculine 2 
 
 13. 14. Indicative Present; first and second persons singular of avoir 3 
 
 15. 16. Indicative Present; first person plural of avoir 3 
 
 17. 18. Indicative Present; second person plural of avoir; Past Participle with 
 
 avoir 3 
 
 19. 20. Possessive Pronouns notre, votre 4 
 
 21. 22. Personal Pronoun il, elle 4 
 
 23. 24. Relative Pronoun, Nominative qui, Accusative que 5 
 
 25. 26. Recapitulation; use of the word ' 'did ' ' for the Perfect Indefinite in French 5 
 
 27. 28. Demonstrative Pronoun ce, cet, cette 6 
 
 29. 30. Recapitulation 6 
 
 III 
 
 134762 
 
IT 
 
 Page 
 
 31. 32. Possessive Pronouns continued; son, sa , 7 
 
 33. 34. Possessive Case of Nouns 8 
 
 35. 36. Preposition a. Idiom je pense a .' 8 
 
 37. 38. Omission of e and a in the Article le, la, before a vowel or silent h; 
 
 Adjectives of the same termination in both genders 9 
 
 39. 40. Formation of the Feminine of Nouns. General rule: add e to the 
 
 Masculine 10 
 
 41. 42. Comparative of Adjectives. Possessive Pronoun le mien, la mienne 10 
 
 43. 44. Adjectives of the same termination in both genders 12 
 
 45. 46. Demonstrative Pronoun celni, celle 12 
 
 47. 48. Names of Persons; a, to, at, in 13 
 
 49. 50. Plural of the Article, Nouns, and Adjectives. General rule: add s to 
 
 the Singular 14 
 
 51. 52. Cardinal Numbers. Names of the months. The Impersonal Verb il y a 15 
 53. 54. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns mon, ma; le mien, la mienne, 
 
 and of the Personal Pronoun il, elle 17 
 
 55. 56. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns notre, votre; le notre, le votre. . 18 
 
 57. 58. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronoun ce, cet, oette 18 
 
 59. 60. Adjective tout, toute 19 
 
 61. 62. Use of de la and & la before Feminine Nouns, and of de 1' and a 1' 
 
 before Masculine or Feminine Nouns beginning with a vowel or 
 
 siknt h 20 
 
 63. 64. Use of da and au before Masculine Nouns 21 
 
 65. 66. The Plural of au, a la, a 1' and of du, de la, de 1* 22 
 
 67. 68. Adverbs of Quantity and Number, pen, beancoup <fec 23 
 
 69. 70. The same subject 24 
 
 71. 72. Nouns of Weight, Measure, and Number 25 
 
 73. 74. Plural of Nouns ending in eau, en 26 
 
 75. 76. Plural of Nouns ending in al, ail 26 
 
 7f . 78. Partitive Article dn, de la, des; theuseof chez 27 
 
 79. 80. The Expressions voici, voila. Partitive Article continued 28 
 
 81. 82. Superlative of Adjectives 29 
 
 83. 84. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronouns oelni, celle and of celni-ci, 
 
 celni-la 30 
 
 85. 86. Possessive Pronouns lenr and le lenr, Singular and Plural 32 
 
 87. 88. Ordinal Numbers. Days of the week 32 
 
 89. 90. Interrogative Pronoun qni, de qni, a qni, ponr qui ? 33 
 
 91. 92. Titles of respect, monsienr fcc 35 
 
Page 
 
 93. 94. fndicativ* Present qf &xe , 86 
 
 95. 96. Indicative Imperfect of etre. Feminine of Adjective* *n x. Ad- 
 verbs of time 37 
 
 97. 98. Indicative Imperfect of avoir 38 
 
 99. 100. Perfect Indefinite j'ai pris 39 
 
 101. 102. Perfect Indefinite continued, j'ai et; Indefinite Pronoun on 40 
 
 103. 104. Indicative Present of etre and avoir used negatively 41 
 
 105. 106- Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly. Negative expressions 42 
 
 107. 108. Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly, continued 43 
 
 109. 110. Interrogative Pronoun quel, asking time, age Sfc 44 
 
 111. 112. Indicative Imperfect of etre and avoir used negatively. Participles 
 
 used with etre 45 
 
 113. 114. Compound Tenses used negatively. Negative expressions personne- 
 
 ne, rien-ne; modes of expressing past time. 46 
 
 115. 116. Indicative Present and Compound Tenses used interrogatively and 
 
 negatively 48 
 
 117. 118. Indicative Future of etre and avoir . . 49 
 
 119. 120. Conditional of etre and avoir 50 
 
 121. 122. Interrogitive sentences 51 
 
 123. 124. Indicative Present of parler 52 
 
 125. 126. Indicative Imperfect of parler 54 
 
 127. 128. Indicative Future and Conditional of parler 55 
 
 129. 130. Recapitulatory exercises on verbs conjugated like parler 56 
 
 131. 132. The same subject 57 
 
 133. 134. Indicative Present of finir 58 
 
 135. 136. Indicative Imperfect of finir 59 
 
 137. 138. Indicative Future and Conditional of fmjr 60 
 
 139. 140. Indicative Present of vendre 61 
 
 141. 142. Exercises on verbs conjugated like vendre 62 
 
 143. 144. Indicative Imperfect of vendre 63 
 
 145. 146. Indicative Future and Conditional of vendre 64 
 
 147. 148. Conjugation of verbs like lever, appeler, Jeter 65 
 
 149. 150. Verbs in erer as preferer 66 
 
 151. 152. Verbs in yer at employer 68 
 
 153. 154. Verbs in cer and ger, as placer, manger 69 
 
 155. 156. Disjunctive Personal Pronouns moi, toi, lui, elle 71 
 
 157- 158. Accusative and Dative of Personal Pronouns 72 
 
 159- 160. The saw tubject ,,,..,,... 73 
 
YI 
 
 Fft* 
 
 161. 162. Accusative and Dative of Pronouns continued 73 
 
 163. 164. Order in which the Personal Pronouns are placed, when two of them 
 
 are governed by the same verb 74 
 
 165. 166. The same subject 75 
 
 167. 168. The same subject 76 
 
 169. 170. The order of the Pronouns when used with the Imperative, with and 
 
 without the Negative 77 
 
 171. 172. The Reflective Verb se laver used affirmatively, negatively, interroga- 
 tively, and negatively and interrogatively 78 
 
 173. 174. Compound Tenses of Reflective Verbs used in various ways 80 
 
 175. 176. On the use of en and y 82 
 
 177. 178. On the use of en with Personal Pronouns 83 
 
 179. 180. The Partitive Article before Adjectives 84 
 
 181. 182. The same subject 84 
 
 SECOND PART. 
 Paradigms. 
 
 /. Declension 86 
 
 //. Conjugation 87 
 
 THIRD PART. 
 Vocabularies. 
 
 1. French and English Vocabulary 94 
 
 J. English and French Vocabulary 104 
 
OF THE 
 
 : 
 
 A SHORT 
 GUIDE TO FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 The French 
 
 I. THE ALPHABET. 
 Alphabet consists of the following twenty-five 
 
 letters: 
 
 
 
 
 Name* 
 
 Names 
 
 a A 
 
 ah 
 
 n N 
 
 enn 
 
 b B 
 
 bay 
 
 o O 
 
 
 
 c C 
 
 say 
 
 PP 
 
 pay 
 
 d D 
 
 day 
 
 qQ 
 
 
 e E 
 
 eh 
 
 r B 
 
 err 4 
 
 f F 
 
 eff 
 
 s S 
 
 ess 
 
 gG 
 
 jay 1 
 
 t T 
 
 tay 
 
 h H 
 
 ash 3 
 
 u U 
 
 3 
 
 i I 
 
 ee 
 
 v V 
 
 vay 
 
 j J 
 
 jee l 
 
 x X 
 
 ix 
 
 k K 
 
 kah 
 
 y Y 
 
 ee greek 
 
 1 L 
 
 ell 
 
 z Z 
 
 zed 
 
 mM 
 
 emm 
 
 
 
 1. Simple vowels are: a, e, i, o, u, y. 
 
 2. All other letters are simple consonants. 
 
 3. The following are compound letters: 
 
 Compound vowels: au, eau, ou, eu, oeu, ai, ei. 
 Nasal vowels: an, am, en, em; in, im, ain, aim; 
 
 on, om; un, um, eun. 
 
 Diphthongs: ia, ie, ie, ie, io, ieu, oi, ui, oui. 
 Nasal diphthongs: ian, ien, oin, uin, ion. 
 Compound consonants: ch, ph, th, qu, gn. 
 
 i j to be pronounced like s in pleasure. 
 a a to be pronounced as in fast. 
 
 3 The French name of this letter cannot be represented by English 
 letters; it must be learned from the mouth of the teacher. 
 * err to be pronounced as in ferry. 
 VII 
 
n, VOWELS. 
 
 L Simple Vowels. 
 
 1. a is pronounced like a in fast; with the Circumflex 
 Accent (") has the sound of a in father. A vowel marked 
 with the Circumflex Accent is always long. 
 
 a animal ami ame pate mat 
 
 has ftnjmal friend soul paste 
 
 2. e at the end of words of more than one syllable, is silent. 
 
 dame tape table larme arbre farine 
 
 lady tape table tear tree flour 
 
 3. e at the end of words of one syllable, sounds like u in tho 
 English word tub; at the end of syllables not final, it has really 
 the same sound, but is in many cases scarcely to be heard. 
 
 le me te ne de venir samedi 
 
 the me thee not of to come Saturday 
 
 4. & with the Acute Accent (') is pronounced like a in fate. 
 
 le ble le th le caf la v^rit^ le d 
 
 the corn the tea the coffee the truth the thimble 
 
 5. & with the Grave Accent ( x ) is pronounced like a in tare. 
 
 le pere la mere le frere Thieve la feve 
 
 the father the mother the brother the pupil the bean 
 
 6. 6 with the Circumflex Accent is pronounced like e in there. 
 
 la tete la f<Ste m^me 6tre la bdte 
 
 (he head $h feast same to U the beast 
 
EC 
 
 7. e without an accent, at the beginning and in the middle of 
 syllables, is ordinarily pronounced like the French & (a in 
 tare); in the final syllables er, et, ez, however, it sounds like 
 the French (a in fate). 
 
 elle la ferme parler le bonnet venez 
 
 she the farm to speak the cap come 
 
 8. i and i with the Circumflex Accent, are usually pronounced 
 like i in machine, i is sometimes like the English short i, as 
 in pin. 
 
 midi batir le mari Tile finir 
 
 noon to build the husband the island to finish 
 
 9. o has for the most part nearly the same sound as in English; 
 it is usually pronounced like o in robe; sometimes it is short 
 as in odd; 6 with the Circumflex Accent has always the sound 
 of o in no. 
 
 la mode la robe le role le cote 
 
 the fashion the dress the roll the side 
 
 10. u and u with the Circumflex Accent, cannot be rendered 
 by any corresponding sound in English, and must be learned 
 from the lips of the teacher. 
 
 la nature la fortune la flute mur 
 
 (the) nature the fortune the flute ripe 
 
 11. y when initial, or when after a consonant, has the sound 
 of the French i. 
 
 y le jury la lyre le type 1'hydre 
 
 there the jury the lyre the type the hydra 
 
 2. Compound Vowels. 
 12. an and eau are pronounced like o in home. 
 
 la faute le baume beau le taureau 
 
 the fault the balm beautiful the bull 
 
13. ou sounds like ou in soup. 
 
 ou la route la poule la soupe le sou 
 
 or the road the hen the soup the cent 
 
 14. eu and oeu sound nearly like u in nurse; when followed 
 by r, or another consonant not silent, the sound is more open. 
 
 le feu bleu neuf la couleur la soeur 
 
 the fire blue nine the color the sister 
 
 lo. ai and ei are generally pronounced like a/i in bail; ai at 
 the end of a word, especially in some forms of the verb, is 
 sounded like a in fate. 
 
 le maitre la paire la baleine j'aurai 
 
 the master the pair the whale I shall have 
 
 3. Nasal Vowels. 
 
 16. In French, n and m, when final or before a consonant, 
 are said to have a nasal sound, but more properly speaking, 
 dropping their own sound, they only indicate that the preced- 
 ing vowels are to be sounded through the nose. Thus an, am, 
 en, em are used to represent the nasal sound of the French a, 
 and are pronounced like en in the Anglicized word encore. 
 In pronouncing these sounds, care should be taken not to press 
 the back of the tongue against the palate, as is done in pro- 
 ducing the sound of the English ng. 
 
 When the m or n of these and similar combinations is 
 doubled or followed by a vowel, there is no nasal sound. 
 
 Tan 1'ancre 1'encre la lampe 1'empire 
 
 the year the anchor the ink the lamp the empire 
 
 17. in, im, ain, aim, ein represent the nasal sound cor- 
 responding to the French i; they are all pronounced nearly 
 like an in the English word sang. 
 
 le vin 1'imp^ratrice le pain la faim plein 
 
 the wine the empress the bread the hunger full 
 
18. on and om represent the nasal sound corresponding to 
 French o; they are pronounced nearly like on in song. 
 
 on onze le salon la bombe rompre 
 
 one, they eleven the drawing-room the bomb to break 
 
 19. un, um, eim represent the nasal sound corresponding 
 to French u; they are pronounced nearly like un in sung. 
 
 un chacun brun le parfum a jeun 
 
 a, an each brown the perfume fasting 
 
 4. Diphthongs. 
 
 20. In French, all diphthongs are pronounced by uttering 
 fully and distinctly the vowels which compose them; this should, 
 however, be done by a single impulse of the voice. Thus: 
 
 ia is compounded from the French vowels i and a 
 ie " " " " i '< e 
 
 ie " " " " i " e 
 
 ie " " " " i " e 
 
 io " " " " i " o 
 
 ieu " " " " i " eu 
 
 le diable la partie le rosier la fievre 
 
 the devil the part the rose-bush the fever 
 
 la niece le pied Tamitie la fiole Dieu 
 
 the niece the foot the friendship the phial God 
 
 21. oi is pronounced like wa in was. 
 
 ui is compounded from the French vowels u and i. 
 oui " " " ' ouandi. 
 
 moi le soir la nuit luire Louise 
 
 I the evening the night to shine Louisa 
 
5. Nasal Diphthongs. 
 
 * fan is compounded from the French Towels i and an nasal 
 ion " " " " i " on " 
 
 oin " " " o " in " 
 
 uin " " " " u " in " 
 
 ien " " " | ii en (i 
 
 All these diphthongs are pronounced by uniting the sounds 
 of their component parts, except ien which is mostly final, 
 and sounds like i and in; (an in the English word sang). 
 
 la viande le lion le coin mien Juin 
 
 the meat the lion the corner mine June 
 
 III. CONSONANTS. 
 
 23. b, d, f, k, 1, m, n, p, t, z, at the beginning of words 
 or syllables, are pronounced as in English. 
 
 A final consonant is generally silent. The letters c, f, 1, r, 
 however, when final, are generally pronounced. 
 
 le tapis le nid le bee vif le sel le fer 
 
 the carpet the nest the beak lively the salt the iron 
 
 24. c before a, o, u, or a consonant, and at the end of syl- 
 lables and of some words, is pronounced like the English A*. 
 When it comes before e, i, and y, it is pronounced like 8 in 
 the English word same. With the cedilla ($), it always 
 sounds like sharp s. 
 
 le canif le roc ceci le gargon la facade 
 
 the penknife the rock this the boy the front 
 
 23. g before a, o, u, and consonants, has the hard sound of 
 g in go; before e and i, it is pronounced like s in pleasure. 
 gu before a, i, e sounds like g in go; the u has no sound 
 whatever, it only shows that the g is hard, ge before a, o, u r 
 sounds like 8 in pleasure; the e is inserted to show that the g 
 is soft. 
 
 gai la glace le gilet le guide le pigeon 
 
 gay the ice the vest the guide the pigeon 
 
XIII 
 
 26. h in French is gaid to be aspirated or not, but ia never 
 pronounced. Mark that before all nouns beginning with a 
 vowel or non-aspirated li, the article is 1' (wiih the apostrophe) 
 instead of le, la. With nouns beginning with h aspirated, 
 the article remains unchanged. 
 
 Theure le hibou le h^tre la harpe 
 
 the hour the owl the beech-tree the harp 
 
 27. j is always pronounced like 8 in pleasure. 
 
 le jour le jeu le journal joli le juge 
 
 the day the play the newspaper pretty the judge 
 
 28. 1 and 11, when preceded by i, are pronounced like y con- 
 sonant in yonder (liquid 1); in such words as have only the 
 vowel i before the 1 or 11, the i has its regular sound. 
 
 When there is another vowel before the il or ill, the i is 
 always silent, and the vowel before it has its regular sound. 
 Thus: 
 
 eil and eill are compounded from e and 1 liquid. 
 ail " aill " " a " 1 " 
 
 euil " euill " " eu " 1 " 
 
 ouil " ouill " ou " 1 " 
 
 Avril la fille vieil la bouteille le bail 
 
 April the daughter old the bottle the lease 
 
 la paille le deuil la feuille le brouillon 
 
 the straw the mourning the leaf the waste-fcook 
 
 29. s at the beginning of words has the sharp sound or the 
 English 8 in same; between two vowels, it is pronounced juke s 
 in rose; ss has always the hissing sound of 88 in lesson. 
 
 la semaine la rose la visite la messe 
 
 the week the rose the visit tha mass 
 
30. x as in English, has two different sounds; in most words 
 beginning with ex, it sounds like gs; in others like ks. 
 
 Faxe Fexcuse 1'exercice le luxe exact 
 
 the axis the excuse the exercise luxury exact 
 
 31. y after a vowel is to be considered as a compound sound 
 of two i (ii), the first i going with the preceding vowel, and 
 the second with the following. 
 
 payer (pai-ier) aboyer le pays le rayon 
 
 to pay to bark the country the ray 
 
 32. eh sounds the same as the English sh. In a few words, 
 however, taken from the Greek, and when it comes before a 
 consonant, it is pronounced like k. 
 
 la bouche la poche le chapeau la chronique 
 
 the mouth the pocket the hat the chronicle 
 
 33. th. is pronounced like t simply, and ph. like f. 
 
 le th le theme le phare le phosphore 
 
 the tea the exercise the light-house the phosphorus 
 
 34. q either followed by n, or without it, is pronounced like 
 the English k. 
 
 qui la qualite quitter cinq Paques 
 
 who the quality to leave five Easter 
 
 35. gn has a sound combining that of the English n and y 
 consonant, like n>i in minion. 
 
 la ligne digne le compagnon I'Allemagne 
 
 the line worthy the partner Germany 
 
IV. SOME EXCEPTIONS AND DIFFICULTIES. 
 
 36. Mark the occasional sounds of the following letters: 
 
 e=a in lafemme imprudeniment differemment 
 
 the wile imprudently differently 
 
 ce=eu " Toeil Toeillet 1'oeillere 1'oeillade 
 
 the eye the pink the eyetooth the glance 
 
 c=g " second je seconde il seconde 
 
 second I second he seconds 
 
 x = s " six dix soixante Bruxelles 
 
 six ten sixty Brussels 
 
 x =z " deuxieme dixieme sixieme le sixain 
 
 second tenth sixth the stanza 
 
 ti in the middle of words, when it comes before another 
 vowel, is very often pronounced like ce in cedar. 
 
 la nation la fraction 1'attention leVenitien 
 
 the nation the fraction the attention the Venetian 
 
 ent final in The Third Person Plural of any French verb, 
 is silent. 
 
 ils jouent ils rient ils sautent ils lisent 
 
 they play they laugh they jump they read 
 
 37. The Apostrophe (') does not change the pronunciation of 
 the following syllable, and only denotes the elision of one vowel 
 before another. Thus: 
 
 instead of: we write and read: 
 
 le ami 1'ami 
 
 the friend 
 
 instead of: 
 
 ce est 
 
 that is 
 
 we w^ite and read: 
 
 c'est 
 
 je aime j'aime 
 
 I love 
 
 si il 
 
 if he 
 
 s'il 
 
 38. The Trema ( "* ) placed over the second of two vowels, 
 denotos that they are to be pronounced as distinct letters: 
 
 1'ai'eul hair Saul Noel 1'h^roine 
 
 the grandfather to hate Saul Christmas the heroine 
 
m 
 
 39. In Dividing Words into Syllables, it may be proper to 
 observe the following rules: 
 
 In French, there are as many syllables in a word, as there 
 are vowels or diphthongs. 
 
 A single consonant between two vowels, is joined to the 
 latter. 
 
 Two different consonants or the two same consonants must 
 be separated. 
 
 There are many combinations, however, which always belong 
 to the same syllable; namely: bl, br, cl, cr, dl, dr, fl, fr, 
 gl, gr, pi, pr, tl, tr, vr, ch, ph, th, gn, and, of course, 
 all diphthongs. 
 
 le pe re Far me la ter re le mat tre 
 
 the father the army the earth the master 
 
 la mou che la li gne le fia ere Dieu 
 
 the fly the line the cab God 
 
 
 
 V. CONNECTION OF WORDS. 
 
 40. In current reading and speaking, the last syllable of a 
 word is generally joined to the first of the following, if that 
 commences with a vowel or non-aspirated h. In this connection, 
 however, some letters change their regular sound, namely: 
 
 d is pronounced like t 
 
 g is pronounced like k 
 
 s or x z 
 
 The t of et, and is never pronounced. 
 
 grand homme. rang &ev& bon ami. 
 gran-thomme. ran-keleve. bo-na-mi. 
 
 great man. elevated rank. good frieud. 
 
 vous 6tes aimable. il est six heures. 
 vou-ze te-zaimable.> i-lest si-zheures. 
 
 you are amiable. it is six o'clock 
 
FIRST PART. 
 FRENCH AND ENGLISH EXERCISES. 
 
 1. le (m.), la (f.), the 
 
 pdre, father frere, brother 
 
 m6re, mother sceur, sister 
 
 et, find 
 
 Le p&re, la mere. Le frere et la soeur. 
 
 2. The sister and the brother. The father and the mother. 
 
 * 
 ,9. bon (m.), bonne (f.), good 
 
 est, is 
 
 Le bon pre, la bonne m6re. Le p6re est bon, la m&re 
 est bonne. Le bon frdre, la bonne so3ur. Le frdre est bon, la 
 soeur est bonne. Le p6re et la m6re. 
 
 4. The good brother, the good sister. The father is good, 
 the mother is good. The good father, the good mother. The 
 brother is good, the sister is good. The brother, the sister. 
 
 5. mon (m.), ma (f.), my 
 
 Mon p&re, ma mere. Mon bon pdre, ma bonne m&re. 
 Mon p6re esf bon, ma m&re est bonne. Mon frere et ma 
 soeur. Mon bon frere et ma bonne soeur. Mon fr6re est bon, 
 ma soeur est bonne. Le bon frre et la bonne soeur. 
 
 6. My good brother, my good sister. My brother is good, 
 my sister is good. My good father and my good mother, 
 My father is good, my mother is good. 
 
_ 2 
 
 7. tin (m.), une (f.) t a, or cm 
 
 Un p&re, une mre, un frere, une sceur. Tin bon p&re, 
 une bonne radre, un bon frere, une bonne soeur. Un pere est 
 bon, une mere est bonne. Mon pere est un bon pere, ma mere 
 est une bonne mere. Mon frere est un bon frere, ma soeur est 
 une bonne soeur. 
 
 8. A brother and a sister. A father and a mother. A good 
 brother, a good sister. A good father and a good mother. 
 The brother and the sister. My sister is a good sister. My 
 brother is a good brother. My mother is a good mother. My 
 father is a good father. 
 
 9. ton (m.), ta (f.), thy 
 
 a, has; aussi, also 
 
 Ton p6re est bon, ta mere est bonne. Ton pre a une 
 bonne S03ur, ta mere a un bon frdre. Mon frere est ton pre. 
 Mon pre est aussi ton pere, et ma mere est aussi ta mere. 
 
 10. Thy brother, thy father, thy mother, thy sister. Thy 
 mother has a good father and a good sister. My brother is 
 also thy brother. My sister is also thy sister. Thy father has 
 a good brother. 
 
 11. grand (m.), grande (f.), large, long, tall 
 petit (m.), petite (f.), small, short, little 
 
 le livre, the book; la plume, the pen 
 Le livre est bon, la plume est bonne. Mon livre est petit, 
 et ma plume est grande. Ton pere a un bon livre, ta soeur a 
 une bonne plume. Mon fr6re est grand, et ma sceur est petite. 
 Ton petit frere et ta petite soeur. Ta soeur ajna plume, et 
 ton frere a mon livre. Ton petit livre est un bon livre. 
 
 12. My pen is small; my book is large. Thy father has a 
 good pen; thy mother has a good book. My brother is short, 
 and my sister is tall. Thy little sister is a good sister. The 
 book is good. 
 
13. je, 7; ai, have; j'ai, / have; ai-je? have I? 
 tu, thou; as, Aos; tu as, thouhast; as-tu? 7ias thou? 
 
 J'ai un livre et une plume. Tu as un bon livre et une 
 bonne plume. J'ai un bon frere; tu as une bonne sceur. J'ai 
 un grand livre; mon frere a aussi un grand livre. Ma sceur a 
 une petite plume. As-tu une soeur? J'ai une soeur et un 
 frere. As-tu ma plume ? J'ai ton livre et ta plume. 
 
 14. Hast thou a brother ? I have a brother and a sister. 
 I have a good father. My mother has a little pen. Hast thou 
 a large book ? I have a large book. Hast thou a good father? 
 I have a good father and a good mother. 
 
 15. nous, we; avons, have; nous avons, we have; 
 
 avons-nous ? have we ? 
 
 le jardin, the garden 
 
 Nous avons un bon pere et une bonne mre. Nous avons 
 aussi un bon frere et une bonne soeur. Le jardin est grand. 
 J'ai un petit jardin. As-tu aussi un jardin? Nous avons un 
 grand jardin. Mon petit frere a aussi un jardin. Ma petite 
 soeur a un bon livre. Nous avons un grand livre et une petite 
 plume. 
 
 16. We have a large garden. I have a good book. My little 
 brother has also a book. The garden is small. My mother is 
 good. My father has a good pen. My little sister has a large 
 book. We have a little garden. We have a good brother 
 and a good sister. 
 
 17. vous, you; avez, have; vous avez, you have; 
 
 avez-vous? have you? 
 
 achete', bought; vu, seen 
 
 Yous avez un bon pere et une bonne m6re. Avez-vous 
 aussi un bon frere? J'ai un livre. J'ai achet^ un livre. Nous 
 avons vu un grand jardin. Avez-vous vu le grand jardin ? 
 
Mon fr&re a aussi vu tm grand jardin. J'ai achete* une plume. 
 As-tu achete' une bonne plume ? As-tu TU mon livre ? J'ai vu 
 ton livre et ta plume. Avez-vous vu mj, petite soeur? Mon 
 pdre a achete un jardin. Ta scour a achete' un petit livre. 
 Avez-vous vu rnon frere? Nous avons vu ta soeur ct ton frere. 
 
 18. Have you seen my father? We have seen thy father and 
 thy mother. Have you bought a good book ? I have bought 
 a book and a pen. We have seen a little garden. Have you 
 seen my little brother? I have seen thy little sister. Thy 
 brother has bought a pen. My mother has bought a large 
 garden. 
 
 19. notre, our; votre, your 
 
 oncle, uncle; tante, aunt 
 
 Notre pSre est un bon pere, et notre mere est une bonne 
 mere. Mon pere est ton oncle, et ma mere est ta tante. Ton 
 frere a vu notre mere. J'ai vu votre soeur. Avez-vous vu 
 notre petit frere? Votre livre est bon. Yotre frere a une 
 bonne plume. Notre pere a achete' un grand jardin. Nous 
 avons vu* votre oncle et votre tante. As-tu aussi vu notre 
 jardin? 
 
 20. Our brother is a good brother, and our sister is a good 
 sister. Thy father is my uncle, and thy mother is my aunt. 
 Have you seen your father ? Our book is small. Your garden 
 is large. Your sister has bought a pen, and your brother has 
 bought a good book. Have you seen your aunt ? 
 
 21. il, he, it; elle ; sJie, it 
 
 mais, but; tres, very; tres-bon, very good 
 
 Mon pere est bon; il a aussi un bon frere. Ma mere est 
 bonne; elle a aussi une bonne soeur. Ton livre est petit, mais 
 il est bon. Avez-vous vu notre jardin? II est tres-grand. 
 J'ai achet^ une plume; elle est tr&s-bonne. Nous avons vu 
 votre oncle; il a achetd nn grand livre. 
 
22. Our mother is good; she has also a good brother. My 
 father is tall; he has also a tall sister. Have you seen our 
 uncle? He has a large book. I have bought a garden; it is 
 very small. Thy pen is small, but it is very good. 
 
 23. qui (m. & f. nom.), who, which, that 
 que (m. & /. ace.), whom, which, that 
 
 Nous avons un pere qui est bon. Vous avez une mere qui 
 est bonne. J'ai un livre qui est tres-bon. Ma sceur a une 
 plume qui est tres-bonne. Le livre que vous avez achete', est 
 bon. Le jardin que nous avons vu, est tres-grand. As-tu vu 
 le livre que mon frere a achete' ? Le livre que votre frere a 
 achete, est bon, mais il est tres-petit. J'ai achete aussi un livre, 
 mais il est grand. Yotre oncle a le livre que vous avez vu. 
 
 2. My uncle has the book that you have bought. Have 
 you also bought a book? I have seen the garden which your 
 brother has bought. We have a mother who is good. You 
 have a father who is very good. The garden which you have 
 bought, is large. My father, whom you have seen, is very tall. 
 Your brother has a pen which is very good. 
 
 25. le chapeau, the hat, bonnet le canif, the penknife 
 la montre, the watch le cheval. the horse 
 
 un enfant, ) aeMd 
 une enfant, ) 
 
 Ou avez-vous trouve' mon Where did you find (have you 
 chapeau ? found) my hat ? 
 
 trouve*, found pour, for 
 perdu, lost ou, where 
 
 J'ai un petit chapeau. Ton chapeau est grand. Mon 
 frdre a une montre. As-tu aussi une montre ? Ma montre est 
 petite, mais elle est tres-bonne. J'ai perdu un canif. Avez- 
 vous trouve' mon canif? Ma mere a achete' un chapeau pour 
 ma soeur. As-tu vu le chapeau que ma mere a achete'? Nous 
 avons trouve' un livre. Avez-vous perdu un livre ? Ou as-tu 
 
achete' ta plume? Notre pere a achete' un cheval. Votre oncle 
 a un boa cheval. Nous avons vu le cheval que votre pere a 
 achete'. Mon frere est un enfant; il est tres-petit. 
 
 26. My sister is a child; she is very little. Have you seen the 
 horse that your father has bought? Your auiit has lost a 
 book. My sister has found the penknife which you have lost. 
 Where drdstrthon find (hast thou found) my pen? Have you 
 seen the bonnet which my mother has bought for my sister? 
 Where did- you lose (have you lost) your hat? Where hast 
 thou seen my watch ? My horse is very small, but he is very 
 good. Have you a large garden ? 
 
 27. ce, cet (m.), cette (f.), this, that 
 
 cet is used instead of ce before a vowel or silent li. 
 
 ce rameau, this branch cet habit, this coat 
 cet arbre, this tree cette fleur, this flower 
 
 Ce cheval est bon. Ce rarneau est grand. Ce livre est 
 petit. Cet enfant est notre frere. Cette plume est pour ma 
 sceur. Cet habit est pour mon oncle. J'ai trouve' un livre. 
 Ou avez-vous trouve ce livre? Ma mere a achetd ce chapeau. 
 Ton frere a vu cet arbre. Votre petit frere est un bon enfant. 
 Ou as-tu achete' cette fleur? Cette montre est tres-bonne. 
 Ce chapeau est pour cet enfant. 
 
 28. This hat is for my brother. This tree is very small. 
 He is very good. Where di*Uy<HJ-fifld (have you found) this 
 penknife? This flower is for my uncle. Thy father has seen 
 this coat. Your aunt has bought this garden. Have you lost 
 your pen? Where dlihl (lii flud (hast thou found) this book? 
 I have found a watch which is very small. This bonnet is for 
 thy sister; she is good. This branch is small. 
 
 29. le fils, the son le cadeau, the present 
 la fille, the daughter la lettre, the letter 
 rec,u, received e'crit, written 
 vendu, sold dans, in 
 
 Mon oncle a un fils et une fille. J'ai vu ton frere et ta 
 gceur. Nous avons re^u un cadeau. Avez-vous e'crit une lettre? 
 
Ma sceur a requ un chapeau. J'ai vendu mon cheval. As-tu 
 aussi vendu ta montrc? Ou avcz-vous trouve' ccttc Icttre? 
 Nous avons trouve' cctto lettrc 'dans notre jardin. Cc cadeau 
 est pour votro tante. Yotrc fils cst tres-petit, mais il est bon. 
 Ma fille est tres-grande. Cette fille a un bon pere et une bonne 
 m&re. Get enfant est mon fils. 
 
 30. This child is my daughter. This son has a good uncle 
 and a good aunt. My daughter has received a present. Your 
 mother has written a letter for my sister. This watch is for 
 your brother. Hast thou sold thy horse ? Where did you lose 
 (have you lost) the watch? I (have) lost the watch in the 
 garden. Have you seen my son and my daughter? My brother 
 has received a letter. Have you sold your horse? 
 
 ' its 
 
 son oncle, his or her uncle 
 sa tante, his, or her aunt 
 sa tete, his, her, or its head 
 
 Mon oncle a perdu son canif ct sa montre. Ma soeur a 
 perdu son livre et sa plume. Mon pere a vendu son cheval. 
 Ma tante a aussi vendu son cheval. Ou cst votre oncle ? II 
 est dans son jardin. Ou est votre tante ? Elle est dans son 
 jardin. Ce pere a perdu sa fille. Cette mere a perdu son fils. 
 Mon oncle a achete' un chapeau pour son petit enfant. Cette 
 lettre est pour ma soeur. Cette fille a e'crit une grande lettre 
 pour sa mere. Nous avons trouvd un livre dans ce jardin. 
 
 32. Thy mother has lost a book. My sister has found a pen. 
 Where did -you- buy (have you bought) this penknife? Hast 
 thou seen our horse? We have seen a large horse. Your little 
 brother has a good watch. Our brother is tall, but our sister 
 is short. I have a hat which is very large. The penknife 
 which you have bought, is a good one (is good). Our uncle 
 has received a letter. This son has lost his mother. This 
 daughter has lost her father. This present is for this child. 
 
33. de, of or from 
 
 de mon pere, of or from my father; or, my father's 
 de ma mere, o/ or from my mother; or, my mother's 
 do ton frdre, of or /rora M?/ brother; or, My brother's 
 de ta soeur, o/ or /rom. Mi/ sister; or, My sister's 
 de son oncle, o/ or /row his uncle; or, 7i& uncle's 
 de sa tante, o/ or from his aunt; or, Ais aunt's 
 de ce jardin, o/ or from this garden 
 
 La plume de mon pre est My father's pen (the pen of 
 bonne. my father) is good. 
 
 Le canif de mon pere est bon. La plume de ma soeur est 
 bonne aussi. Avez-vous le canif de mon frere ? Le jardin de 
 mon oncle est grand. J'ai vu le jardin de votre oncle. Notre 
 pere a achete' le jardin de ta tante. Vous avez perdu la plume 
 de ma sosur. Get enfant est le fils de mon oncle. J'ai rec,u un 
 canif de notre tante. Nous avons requ un cheval de votre 
 oncle. As-tu vu le pere de cet enfant? Ma tante a rec,u une 
 lettre de son pere. Cette lettre est de ma mere. As-tu regu 
 ce cadeau de ton frere? Le fils a perdu le livre de son pre. 
 
 34. This child has found his father's book (the book of his 
 father). Have you received a letter from your mother ? Hast 
 thou seen my father's horse (the horse of my father) ? I have 
 lost my sister's penknife. My aunt has bought my uncle's gar- 
 den. We have sold my brother's hat. My sister's penknife is 
 large. My aunt's garden is smalL This watch is for thy son. 
 Thy sister's horse is in the garden. 
 
 35. a, to 
 
 & mon pre, to my father 
 a ma mere, to my mother 
 a ce jardin, to this garden 
 
 Je pense a vous; I think, or / am thinking of (to) you. 
 
 donne', given; prStd, lent 
 
 Je pense a mon frere et a ma mere. Mon fils a e'crit une 
 lettre a sa tante. Mon oncle a vendu son cheval a mon frere. 
 
J'ai donn mon canif a ma soeur. Ma tante pense a son fils et 
 a sa fille. Le fils de notre tante est tres-bon. J'ai pret mon 
 canif a votre soaur. Avez-vous vendu votre jardin a mon oncle? 
 Nous avons e'crit Tine grande lettre a notre pere. Ma tante a 
 requ cette lettre de sa fille. J'ai prete a ton frere le canif que 
 j'ai rec,u de mon oncle. Nous avons donne une plume a cet 
 enfant. As-tu pret ton livre a ce bon enfant ? Je pense a ce 
 fils et a cette fille. 
 
 36. My uncle's garden (the garden of my uncle) is large. 
 We have seen thy father's horse (the horse of thy father). 
 Have you found my sister's book ? I have received this pen 
 from my aunt. Hast thou received a book from this child? 
 We have lent our book to thy brother. Did you find (have' 
 you found) this hat in your garden ? We have written a letter 
 to our brother and to our aunt. Thy mother has given a watch 
 to my sister. 
 
 57. oncle, uncle Toncle, the uncle 
 
 enfant, child 1'enfant, the child 
 
 ami, friend (m.) 1'ami, the friend (m.) 
 
 amie, friend (f.) 1'amie, the friend (f.) 
 
 horn me, man 1'homme, the man 
 
 arbre, tree 1'arbre, the tree 
 
 1' oncle is used instead of le oncle 
 Pamie is used instead of la amie 
 1'homme is used instead of le homme 
 
 riche, rich jeune, young 
 
 pauvre, poor malade, sick, ill 
 
 encore, still, yet, again 
 
 L'ami de mon pere est riche. J'ai vu ramie de votre mere. 
 Cet homme est 1'ami de mon oncle. L'enfant de cet homme est 
 malade. Cet enfant est encore jeune. L'oncle de mon ami 
 est tres-riche. Avez-vous vu 1'arbre que mon pere a achete'? 
 Mon oncle a vendu cet arbre a votre pere. 1/homme que vous 
 avez vu, est tres-pauvre. Son fils est malade. Mon ami est 
 un homme tres-riche. J'ai donnd une plume a ce pauvre en- 
 fant. La tante de ce jeune homme est malade.- 
 
10 
 
 38. This poor man is the friend of my brother. I have found 
 thy father's watch (the watch of thy father). Have you given 
 the tree to your uncle ? His sister is young. My son has re- 
 ceived a letter from this man. I think of (to) my horse and 
 (to) my garden. The uncle of that child is very young. The 
 man whom you have seen, is still poor. Where did-ycnr buy_ 
 (have you bought) this hat for your brother? The friend of 
 ' this young man has received a present. 
 
 30. Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 le voisin, the neighbor la voisine, the neighbor 
 
 le cousin, the cousin la cousine, the cousin 
 
 1'aini, the friend 1'amie, the friend 
 
 le jardinier, the gardener la jardiniere, the gardener 
 
 1'homme, the man la femme, the woman 
 
 Get homme est notre jardinier. Cette femme est notre 
 jardiniere. Notre voisin est trds-riche. Yotre voisine est une 
 bonne femme. Avez-vous vu mon cousin? J'ai vu votre cousin 
 et votre cousine. Yotre cousin est 1'ami de mon frre. Ma 
 sceur est 1'amie de votre cousine. La bonne jardiniere a perdu 
 ,son enfant. La voisine de mon oncle a un trds-bon fils. Notre 
 jardinier est le pere de cet enfant. La fille de cette pauvre 
 femme est malade. J'ai regu un cadeau de ton cousin. Ma 
 Boeur a ecrit une lettre a votre cousine. 
 
 40. Our gardener is a good man. Our friend is a good 
 woman. Thy cousin is the friend of my neighbor. My friend 
 is the uncle of this young man. I have seen this gardener's 
 tree. Our neighbor has a very good son and a very good 
 daughter. Hast thou seen this poor man's child? I have 
 given my penknife to this poor child. 
 
 4J. Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 plus utile plus utile more useful 
 
 plus sage plus sage wiser, better 
 
 plus joli plus jolie prettier 
 
 plus grand plus grande larger 
 
 plus petit plus petite smaller 
 
A 
 
 _ n _ A'c,* 
 
 Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 le mien la mienne mine . 
 
 le tien la tienne thine 
 
 le sien la sienne his, hers, its 
 
 le notre la notre ours 
 
 le votre la votre yours 
 
 Mon jardin est plus grand que My garden is larger than 
 le tien. thine. 
 
 Notre maison est plus grande Our house is larger than 
 que la tienne. thine. 
 
 sage, wise, good (as to conduct) que, than, as 
 
 Mon canif est plus joli que le tien. Ma plume est plus 
 grande que la tienne. Notre cheval est plus grand que le 
 votre. Ton pre est plus petit que le mien. Le jardin de 
 votre oncle est plus grand que le notre. Get homme est plus 
 riche que notre pere. Get enfant est plus sage que ton petit 
 fr6re. Le chapeau de ma soeur est plus joli que le mien. Ce 
 livre^est plus utile que le notre. As-tu trouve' un chapeau? 
 Ma sosur a perdu le sien. Notre tante est plus riche que la 
 votre. Notre oncle a un jardin qui est tres-grand, mais le 
 votre est plus grand. Nous avons un livre qui est plus utile 
 que le votre. J'ai donnd mon canif a ton frere; il a perdu le 
 sien. Le fils de notre jardiniere a trouve' une plume dans notre 
 jardin; il a donnd la sienne a mon petit frere. Mon frere a 
 donne sa plume a ma cousine, qui a perdu la sienne. 
 
 42. Thy house is smaller than mine. Your book is more use- 
 ful than ours. My child is better than thine. I have a garden 
 which is prettier than hers. Have you seen a larger watch 
 than mine? Your neighbor is richer than ours. My pen is 
 larger than thine. I have found a watch, and my brother has 
 lost his. Your cousin has a garden which is larger than mine. 
 His aunt is richer than ours. My bonnet is larger than thine. 
 We have a horse which is more useful than yours. 
 
12 
 
 43. facile, easy agreable, agreeable, pleasant 
 difficile, difficult honnete, honest 
 
 fidele, faithful 
 
 le chien, the dog la maison, the house 
 
 le chat, the cat le soleil, the sun 
 
 la campagne, the country la lime, the moon 
 la ville, the town le theme, the exercise 
 
 haut fmj, haute (f.), high 
 
 Mon frere est encore jeune. II est plus jeune que votre 
 cousin. Get homme est pauvre, mais ce jardinier est encore 
 plus pauvre. Notre tante a une grande maison. Avez-vous 
 vu la maison de notre tante ? Get enfant est plus sage que ma 
 petite sceur. Ma cousine a un petit chat. J'ai donne mon 
 petit chien a notre cousin. Le chien est plus fiddle que le chat. 
 Yotre voisin est pauvre, mais il est honnete. La jardiniere est 
 une tres-honnte femme. Le soleil est plus grand que la lune. 
 La campagne est tr^s-agre'able. La campagne est plus agre- 
 able que la ville. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. 
 Mon ami a un petit chien qui est trs-fidele. Get arbre est 
 tres-haut; il est plus haut que le mien. Cette maison est tre"s- 
 haute; elle est plus haute que la votre. Ton theme est.plus 
 facile que le notre, mais le theme de mon cousin est trs-difficile. 
 
 44. Hast thou seen the mother of this child ? She is very 
 poor; she is poorer than the mother of our gardener. Have 
 you seen my dog? He is larger than thine. My cousin has 
 also a dog which is very faithful. Thy uncle is richer than 
 ours. This town is very large. We have bought a large house. 
 Thy little brother is very good; he is better than ours. We 
 have an aunt who is very rich. 
 
 45. celui (m.), celle ff.), that 
 
 Mon chien est plus petit que My dog is smaller (more small) 
 celui de votre ami. than your friend's (that of 
 
 your friend). 
 
 Ta montre est plus petite que Thy watch is smaller than thy 
 ceDe de ta so3ur. sister's (that of thy sister). 
 
13 
 
 Ce canif est plus joli que celui de mon fr6re. Cette montre 
 est plus jolie que celle de votre cousin. Get arbre est plus haut 
 que celui que nous avons vu dans votre jardin. Mon chapeau 
 est plus petit que celui de votre sceur. Yotre plume est plus 
 grande que celle de votre amL Le chien de votre voisin est 
 plus fidele que celui de notre tante. Ce theme est tres-difficile. 
 iLe thme de votre cousin est plus difficile que le votre, mais 
 celui de ma sceur est encore plus difficile. La voisine de mon 
 oncle a un petit chien qui est plus fidele que celui de votre jar- 
 dinier, mais le mien est encore plus fidele. Mon theme est plus 
 facile que le tien et que celui de ton frere. 
 
 46. The moon is smaller than the sun. The dog is more 
 faithful than the cat. Thy book is more useful than tby-^easia's 
 (that of thy cousin). The hat of thy brother is smaller than 
 mjJ&fcher's (that of my fiather). The house of our gardener is 
 larger than yeiiB-iieigkke*^ (that of your neighbor) (f.). The 
 friend of our uncle is richer than your brother's (that of your 
 brother). 
 
 47. Emilie, Emily Adolphe, Adolphus 
 Henri, Henry Francois, Francis 
 Jean, John Guillaume, William 
 Louis, Louis Louise, Louisa 
 
 a Bruxelles, to, at, in Brussels a Londres, to, at, in London 
 a Yienne, to, at, in Vienna a-Philadelphie,to,a,mP/h7a- 
 
 delphia 
 
 arrive (m.), arrivde (f.), arrived 
 
 parti (m.), partie (/.), set out, departed 
 
 il est arrive', he has (is) arrived s'appelle, is called 
 elle est &rriv6e,shehas(is) arrived est a, belongs to (is to) 
 
 Le fils de notre voisine s'appelle Charles, et sa fille s'ap- 
 pelle Louise. L'enfant de notre jardinier s'appelle Guillaume. 
 La tante de Ferdinand est arrive'e, mais son p&re est parti pour 
 Philadelphie. La soaur de Louis est tres-sage. Je pense a Jean 
 
14 
 
 et a Louis. La soeur de Louise a crit une lettre a Emilie. Fran- 
 Qois a rec,u cette plume d'un jeune homrae qui s'appelle Jean. 
 Henri a donnd son livre a Ferdinand et sa plume a Joseph. 
 Le cousin de Jean est parti pour Paris. Le chien de Charles 
 est plus fidele que celui de Francois. Nous avons donne notre 
 petit chat a Guillaume. Ce canif est a Adolphe, et cette plume 
 est a Jean. Notre tante est a Paris. Mon cousin est a Vienne. 
 Ce jeune homme est de Bruxelles. Notre ami est de Baltimore. 
 
 48. Josephine has lost her bonnet. Hast thou found Henry's 
 penknife? John's father is very good. Charles's garden is 
 smaller than mine. Joseph's friend hns (is) set out. My cousin 
 has arrived. We have received a letter from Louis; he is ia 
 London. Have you seen John and Ferdinand? We have 
 written a letter to our friend at (of) Boston. 
 
 49. Singular. Plural. 
 
 le pere, the father les peres, the fathers 
 
 la mere, the mother les meres, the mothers 
 
 1'enfant, the child les enfants, the children 
 
 1'homme, the man les hommes, the men 
 
 bon (m.), bonne (f.) bonsfmj, bonnes f/.j, good 
 
 content (m ,, contento 
 
 petit (m.), petite (f.) petitsfm.;, petites (f.), little 
 
 le (m.), la (f.) les, the 
 
 sont, are 
 
 Mes freres sont arrives. My brothers have (are) arrived. 
 Mes soeurs sont arrivees. My sisters have (are) arrived. 
 
 la fleur, the flower toujours, always 
 
 la pomme, the apple sont a, belong to (are to) 
 
 la poire, the pear il aime, he loves, he likes 
 
 la cerise, the cherry souvent, often 
 
 Les peres sont bons, et les meres sont bonnes aussi. Les 
 livres de mon oncle sont utiles. Les plumes de ma soeur 
 sont petites. Les enfants de cet homme sont tres-sages. Les 
 sceurs de mon ami sont bonnes. Avez-vous vu les livres de 
 
15 
 
 mon cousin? Nous avons trouvd les livres et les plumes de 
 votre frere. La mere de Charles aime les fleurs et les enfants. 
 Les amis de Ferdinand sont arrives. Les freres de mon voisin 
 sont partis pour Vienne. Cette maison est haute. Les maisons 
 de cette ville sont tres-hautes. Les arbres de notre jardin sont 
 plus hauts que les arbres de votre jardin. Les enfants de notre 
 jardinier sont encore tr^s-jeunes. Les themes de ma cousine 
 sont faciles, mais les themes de mon frere sont tres-difficiles., 
 Ta soeur est contente. Les filles de, notre voisin sont tOujours 
 contentes. Les pauvres sont souvent plus contents que les 
 riches. 
 
 50. The children of our gardener are good (sages). Your 
 father's books are very useful. The friends of my uncle are 
 very rich. Vienna is a large city. The houses in (of) Yienna 
 are very high. Francis and Henry kaxQ (are) arrived. Louisa 
 and Josephine tev^ (are) set out. The sisters of Henry are 
 still young. We have seen the children of this poor woman. 
 This woman is always contented; she is more contented than 
 our neighbor (f. ) who is very rich. 
 
 51. un (mj, une (f.), one dix-neuf, nineteen 
 deux, two vingt, twenty 
 
 trois, three vingt et un, twenty-one 
 
 quatre, four vingt-deux, twenty-two 
 
 cinq, Jive trente, thirty 
 
 six, six trente et un, thirty-one 
 
 sept, seven trente-deux, thirty-two 
 
 huit, eight quarante, forty 
 
 neuf, nine cinquante, fifty 
 
 dix, ten soixante, sixty 
 
 onze, eleven soixante et dix, seventy 
 
 douze, twelve soixante et onze, seventy-one 
 
 treize, thirteen soixante-douze, seventy-two 
 
 quatorze, fourteen quatre-vingts, eighty 
 
 quinze, fifteen quatre-vingt-un, eighty-one 
 
 seize, sixteen quatre-vingt-dix, ninety 
 
 dix-sept, seventeen cent, a hundred 
 
 dix-huit, eighteen cent un, a hundred and one 
 
16 
 
 Janvier (raj, January Juillet (wj, July 
 
 FeVrier (raj, February Aout (m.), August 
 
 Mars (raj, March Septembre (raj, September 
 
 Avril (m.), April Octobre (m.), October 
 
 Mai (ra.), May Xovembre (m.), November 
 
 Juin (m.), June D^cembre (m.), December 
 
 la chambre, the room I'anne'e bissextile, leap-year 
 
 la table, the table le jour, the day 
 
 la chaise, the chair une heure, an hour 
 Tan (m.), Fannee (/J, the une minute, a minute 
 
 year une seconde, a second 
 
 le mois, the month-** il y a, iAere is, ZAere are 
 
 la semaine, tf?e sreefc font, make, 
 
 Dans notre maison il y a quatprze chambres. Dans cette 
 chambre il y a deux tables et douze chaises. Notre voisin a 
 cinq enfants, trois fils et deux filles. Dans notre jardin il y a 
 vingt grands arbres. Dans la maison de notre jardinier il y a 
 cinq chats et trois chiens. Nous avons un chat et deux chiens. 
 L'an a douze mois; la semaine a sept jours. J'ai rec,u de mon 
 p&re quatre pomnies et six poires. Mon oncle a donnd a ma 
 soeur un joli canif et vingt plumes. Un jour a vingt-quatre 
 heures. Une heure a soixante minutes. Janvier a trente et 
 un jours. Avril a trente jours. L'anne'e a trois cent soixante* 
 cinq jours. Soixante secondes font une minute. 
 
 Our father has three penknives. My friend has five 
 sisters. This woman has seven children. I have bought six 
 chairs. This man has four sons and two daughters who are 
 very good (sages). We have received three letters for my 
 uncle. My friend has found a penknife and eight pens. Sixty 
 seconds t make one minute. Sixty minutes make one hour. 
 Twenty-four hours make one day. Seven days make one week. 
 Twelve months make one year. March has thirty-one days. 
 June has thirty days. Leap-year has three hundred and sixty 
 six days. 
 
17 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 Both Genders. 
 
 mon 
 
 ma 
 
 mes, my 
 
 ton 
 
 ta 
 
 tes, thy 
 
 son 
 
 sa 
 
 ses, his, her 
 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 le mien 
 
 la mienne 
 
 les miens 1< 
 
 le tien 
 
 la tienne 
 
 les tiens 1< 
 
 le sien 
 
 la sienne 
 
 les siens 1< 
 
 fl, he 
 
 elle, she 
 
 ils e 
 
 les miennes, mine 
 les tiennes, thine 
 les siennes, his, hers 
 elles, they 
 
 Indicative Mood, Present Tense. 
 J'ai, / have nous avons, we have 
 
 tu as, thou hast vous avez, you have 
 
 il a, he has ils ont, 
 
 elle a, she has elles ont, 
 
 j'aime, 1 love, I like arrose*, watered 
 
 J'aime mes fr&res et mes sceurs. J'aime aussi mes cousins 
 et mes cousines. Ces arbres sont jolis ; les miens sont jolis 
 aussi. Mon frre a perdu ses plumes. Cette femme aime ses 
 enfants. Get homme a perdu ses amis, et cette rnre a perdu 
 ses enfants. J'ai donnd mes fleurs a ton cousin. J'ai regu 
 cette amide six lettres de mes amis. Mon cousin a dcrit cette 
 semaine deux lettres a ses amis. As-tu arrose' tes fleurs? J'ai 
 arrose les miennes et les tiennes. Ma sceur a aussi arrose les 
 siennes. Mes cousines ont rec,u deux jolis chats; elles sont tr&s- 
 contentes. Tes fr&res ont achetd deux chiens qui sont tres- 
 fideles, Ils ont donne' trois livres a mes soeurs. Charles a 
 perdu son chapeau et le mien. 
 
 54. Have you seen my uncles and my aunts ? My books are 
 more useful than thine. I love thy cousins. Thy cousins (f.) 
 are good; mine (f.) are good also. Hast thou written thy let- 
 ters ? I have written mine. We have seen thy children and 
 mine in the garden. William has sold my flowers and Jiis own 
 (his) also. My exercises are more easy than his. Our neigh- 
 bor's dog is more faithful than our aunt's (that of our aunt). 
 Have you lent your book to this good child ? There are three 
 men in the house. 
 
/ 
 
 55. Singular. Plural. 
 Masc. Fern. Both Genders. 
 
 notre notre nos, our 
 
 votre votre vos, your 
 
 le notre la notre les notres, ours 
 
 le votre la votre les votres, yours 
 
 triste, sad 
 
 Avez-vous vu nos freres et nos soeurs? J'ai vu vos cousins 
 et vos cousines. Ou sont nos livres et nos plumes ? J'ai perdu 
 vos livres et les notres. Mon frere a trouve' mes livres et les 
 votres. Nous avons arrosd nos fleurs. Avez-vous aussi arrose' 
 les votres ? Yotre soeur est partie cette semaine. Mon pre 
 et ma mere sont malades. Ces enfants sont tres-tristes. Mes 
 cousins sont arrives. Yos jardins sont plus grands que les 
 notres. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. Nos sceurs 
 sont plus jeunes que les votres. Tes freres sont les amis de 
 mes cousins. Je pense souvent a vos freres. J'ai achetd trois 
 canifs pour les enfants de notre cousin. Ou sont vos soeurs ? 
 Elles sont a Philadelphie. Et vos freres? Us sont partis pour 
 St. Louis. 
 
 56. My children are very ill. Our friends are very sad. I 
 have seen thy flowers. Hast thou found my books and my 
 pens ? I have written a letter to thy brothers. * We have re- 
 ceived two letters from our cousins who are in Paris. Thy 
 uncle has watered his flowers and ours. I have given to this 
 poor child my pens and thine. My father has sold his dogs 
 and mine. 
 
 57. Singular. Plural 
 
 ce, cet (m.), this, that ces, these, those 
 cette (f.), this, that ces, these, those 
 
 ce bouquet, this nos^ay ces bouquets, these nosegays 
 cet arbre, this tree ces arbres, these trees 
 
 cette rose, this rose ces roses, these roses 
 
 un franc, a franc (= twenty cents) 
 sur, on, upon avec, with 
 
19 
 
 Ces jardins et ces maisons sont a ma tante. Ces pommes 
 et ces poires sont a mes sceurs. Ces bouquets sont grands. 
 Ces enfants sont tres-sages; ils ont une bonne mere. Ou avez- 
 vous achete ces roses ? Nous avons trouve ces livres sur cette 
 table. Ma tante a donne deux francs a ces pauvres enfants. 
 Ils sont arrives avec ce jeune homme. Ces cerises sont pour 
 vos freres. Avez-vous vu mes fils et mes filles ? Ces deux 
 homines sont fibres. Ces deux femmes sont soeurs. J'ai achete 
 ces tables et ces chaises pour ma fille. Ces petits arbres sont 
 a notre voisin. Ces deux grandes maisons sont a notre oncle. 
 J'ai trouve' ces fleurs dans votre jardin. Ces enfants sont 
 tristes ; la mre de ces enfants est tres-malade. Yos fils sont 
 plus sages que les miens, mais mes filles sont plus sages que les 
 votres. J'ai rec,u ces pommes cte notre jardinier, et ces poires 
 de notre jardiniere. 
 
 58. These pens are good. These trees are high. I have 
 given these books to my friend. Hast thou watered these 
 roses ? These children are better than the sons of our neigh- 
 bor. These books are more useful than ours. These pears and 
 apples belong to my brother. We have bought these trees. 
 This poor woman has seven children; four sons and three 
 daughters. We have received these cherries from these children. 
 These nosegays are very large. 
 
 59. Singular. Plural. 
 
 tout (m.) toute (f.) tous (m.) toutes (f.) all 
 
 tout le monde, everybody tous les hommes, all men 
 
 (all the world) toutes les femmes, all women 
 
 toute la ville, the whole tous les jours, every day (all 
 
 city the days) 
 
 le monde, the world la nuit, the night 
 
 la terre, the earth, land la prairie, the meadow 
 Dieu, God envoye', sent 
 
 cre'e, created pleure', cried, ivept 
 
 un cu ; a crown, a dollar 
 
20 
 
 J'aime tous les hommes. Tous mes amis sont partis pour 
 la campagne. Tous ces jardins et toutes ces prairies sont a 
 ma tante. Cette femme a perdu tous ses enfants. J'ai perdu 
 tous mes livres et toutes mes plumes. Notre jardinier a perdu 
 sa bonne mdre; il a pleure' toute la nuit. Dieu a cree toute la 
 terre. Avez-vous arrose' tous ces petits arbres et toutes ces 
 fleurs ? Le jardinier a arrosd tout le jardin. Tous ces thdmes 
 sont faciles. Mon cousin a pr6te tous ces livres a Henri. Louise 
 a perdu toutes ses plumes. Avez-vous e'crit toutes ces lettres ? 
 Ma tante a envoy trois deus a cette pauvre femme. Elle a 
 donne' toutes ces pommes et toutes ces poires a ces enfants. 
 Nous avons achete' toutes ces cerises. 
 
 60. My father has sold all his dogs. We have sold all our 
 gardens. I have lost all my friends. All these books belong 
 to our neighbor. I love all these children. I think every day 
 of (to) Louis and (to) Charles. Where did you buy (have you 
 bought) these penknives ? I have seen the whole house. All 
 our letters have arrived (arrivees). Charles is departed with 
 all his friends. We have found all these apples in the garden 
 of our neighbor. Everybody loves flowers. 
 
 61. la mere, the mother 1'enfant, the child 
 
 ( of the mother C of the child 
 
 de la mere -] the mother's de 1'enfant -J the child's 
 
 (from the mother (from the child 
 
 a la m&re, to the mother a 1'enfant, to the child 
 
 le roi, the king la reine, the queen 
 
 1'argent (m .), the money, silver 
 
 La m&re de la reine est bonne. Le jardinier a achete' quatre 
 chaises pour le jardin. J'ai prete mon canif a 1'ami de ton frere. 
 Nous avons regu un petit chien de la mere de cet enfant. Votre 
 oncle a e'crit une lettre a la soeur de notre voisin. Le roi a 
 envoye' un cheval a la reine. J'ai regu toutes ces fleurs de la 
 jardiniere. Les enfants de la jardiniere sont malades. Je 
 pense a 1'amie de notre soeur. Henri a donne son argent a 
 1'enfant de cette pauvre femme. Le chien est utile a 1'homme. 
 
21 
 
 Ce jardin est a 1'oncle de mon ami. Ces prairies sont a la tante 
 de ce jeune horn me. Nous avons vendu notre cheval a 1'ami 
 de notre voisin. L'argent de 1'enfant est perdu. 
 
 62. Have you given the apple to Henry's aunt? My mother's 
 flower is very pretty. The horse is useful to (the) man. The 
 sister of the queen is very ill. Have you written to the 
 friend of the gardener f/J? The father of the child is poor. 
 My neighbor's tree is higher than yours. The friend of the man 
 has (is) set out from Paris. My neighbor has received a pre- 
 sent from his brother. My mother has received all these cherries 
 from the aunt of her neighbor. This watch belongs to John's 
 uncle. My sister has been crying (has cried) all night. 
 
 63. le p&re, the father le soldat, the soldier 
 
 C of the father C of the soldier 
 
 du pere, -] the father's du soldat, -< the soldier's 
 
 (from the father (from the soldier 
 
 au pere, to the father au soldat, to the soldier 
 
 du is used instead of de le; au is used instead of a le. 
 
 la loi, the law la vie, (the) life 
 
 le peuple, the people le bonheur, (the) happiness 
 
 la partie, the part le malheur, (the) misfortune 
 
 court (m.), courte (f.), short 
 
 Un bon pere aime ses enfants. Le frre du roi est arrive', 
 vez-vous vu le jardin du roi ? La vie de l'homme est courte. 
 Mon livre est tres-court. Charles a donne' cinq ecus a cette 
 pauvre femme. Le jour est une partie de la semaine. La 
 semaine est une partie du mois. La terre est une petite partie 
 du monde. Le chien est 1'ami de l'homme. Les malheurs de ces 
 hommes sont grands. Les enfants du jardinier sont tres-sages. 
 J'ai donne' un petit chien au fils du soldat. As-tu requ ce canif 
 du jardinier ? Ce cheval est au voisin de mon oncle. Le bon- 
 heur de la vie est court. Mon cousin a vendu sa maison an frere 
 de notre voisin. Ma soeur a donnd tout son argent a Tenfant de 
 cette femme. Les bonnes lois font le bonheur du peuple. Je 
 pense toujours au malheur de mon ami. 
 
22 
 
 64. I am always thinking oL/(to) the happiness of my child. 
 My friend's sister has seen the gardener's meadow. I have 
 given a book to the brother of my friend (m.). My brother has 
 bought a present for his-frie4's child (for the child of his 
 friend). These trees belong to the son of our gardener. The 
 month is a part of the year. The earth is larger than the 
 moon. We have sold the garden and (the) house to my consmlT 
 friend (to the friend of my cousin). Thy sister is a-feicnd of 
 mine (one of my friends). The poor man whom I have seen 
 is the son of the gardener. The dog is faithful to mam 
 
 65. les arbres, the trees 
 
 des arbres, of or from the trees 
 aux arbres, to the trees 
 
 des is used instead of de les ; aux is used instead of a les. 
 
 Un bon fils est le bonheur du pre. Les chiens sont 
 les amis des hommes. Ces arbres sont aux fils du jardinier. 
 J'ai donnd mes livres aux filles de cette pauvre femme. Le 
 cheval est utile aux hommes. Les enfants des pauvres sont 
 souvent plus contents que les enfants des riches. Nous avons 
 requ toutes ces fleurs du fils du jardinier. Ma soeur a retju ces 
 lettres des amies de Louise. Nous avons dent aux amis de 
 notre cousin. Ma mere a donne huit e'cus aux pauvres. Ma 
 tante a envoy e vingt francs aux enfants de la jardiniere. 
 
 66. The brother of the soldier is ill. The sister of the gar- 
 dener is very short. I have given my flowers to the son of the 
 gardener. That man has bought a horse for his son. We have 
 received this present from the mother of this child. Have you 
 written a letter to the brother of our neighbor ? I think always 
 of (to) your father's friend. This house belongs to thy friend's 
 uncle. I love the children of my neighbor. Thy sisters have 
 given a dollar to the poor. The children of the poor are often 
 very contented. (The) good children are the happiness of the 
 father and (of the) mother. We have given our money to the 
 children of these poor persons (pauvres). 
 
23 
 
 07. peu, little peu de pain, little bread 
 
 pen, few peu d'hornmes, few men 
 
 beaueoup, much beaucoup de vin, much wine 
 
 beaucoup, many beaucoup de livres, many books 
 
 plus, more plus de vin, more wine 
 
 plus, more plus de pomraes, more apples 
 
 assez, enough assez de biere, beer enough 
 
 assez, enough assez de cerises, cherries enough 
 
 le pain, the bread 1'eau (f.), the ivater 
 
 le beurre, the butter la biere, the beer 
 
 la viande, the meat le the', the tea 
 
 le vin, the wine mangd, eaten 
 
 donnez-moi, give (to) me bu, drunk 
 
 Get homme a beaucoup d'argent. Mon ami a plus d'argent 
 que nous. Avez-vous beaucoup de vin ? Donnez-moi un peu de 
 biere. J'ai assez de pain. As-tu assez de viande? Nous 
 arvons peu de beurre. Nous avons beaucoup de pommes. 
 Nous avons mange' peu de cerises. Mes soeurs ont achete' 
 beaucoup de poires. Donnez cet argent a cette pauvre femme. 
 Donnez un peu de the a ce malade. Donnez un peu d'eau a ce 
 pauvre malade. Cet homme a beaucoup de fleurs dans son 
 jardin. Mon frere a plus de livres que le tien, mais ton frere 
 a plus de plumes que le mien. Cet homme est un bon pre; il a 
 donnd beaucoup d'argent aux pauvres. Ce pauvre homme a peu 
 d'amis, mais il a beaucoup de chiens et de chats. Cette m&re 
 a beaucoup d'enfants. Henri a vu plus de villes que nous. 
 
 68. Give me a little bread. Have you eaten cherries enough ? 
 We have few pears in the house. My brothers have sold more 
 apples than you. Have you much beer? Hast thou meat 
 enough ? Your father has more trees in his garden than we. The 
 dog has drunk water enough. The cats have eaten much meat. 
 The son and the daughter of my friend have more money than 
 you. My sister has more pens than thine. Thy father haa 
 drunk little wine. 
 
69. autant, as much j'ai autant de pain que vous, / have 
 
 as much (of) bread as you 
 autant, as many j'ai autant de plumes que vous, / have 
 
 as many pens as you 
 
 trop, too much trop de papier, too much paper 
 
 trop, too many trop d'arbres, too many trees 
 
 combien ? how much ? combien de viande ? how much meat ? 
 combien ? how many ? combien de poires? how many pears ? 
 moms, less moins de beurre, less butter 
 
 moins, fewer moins de maisons, fewer houses 
 
 tant, so much tant de the, so much tea 
 
 tant, so many tant de pommes, so many apples 
 
 le fromage, the cheese le poivre, the pepper 
 
 le sel, the salt la moutarde, the mustard 
 
 Mon pere a autant de livres que vous. Yous avez moins de 
 plumes que mon frere. Get enfant a trop de vin. Donnez-moi 
 un peu de fromage. Avez-vous assez de sel et de poivre ? J'ai 
 donne un peu de moutarde a Henri. II a bu trop de biere. 
 Combien d'enfants avez-vous? J'ai six enfants; quatre fils et 
 deux filles. Notre voisin a moins d'enfants que YOUS: il a deux 
 fils et une fille. H y a beaucoup d'arbres dans ce jardin. Les 
 hommes qui sont contents, sont riches. Peu d'hommes sont 
 contents. Le pauvre a peu d'amis. As-tu autant d'argent que 
 nous? J'ai moins d'argent que vous, mais j'ai plus de livres 
 que vous. Donnez au fils de la jardiniere le canif que vous avez 
 rec.u de ma soeur; il a perdu le sien. Nous avons tant d'amis! 
 
 70. How many dogs have you ? I have two dogs. Have you 
 as many trees as my friend ? This man has drunk too much 
 wine. My father has as many apples as you. Give me a little 
 salt. I have less bread than you; but I have more cheese (than 
 you). Our neighbor has fewer children than the soldier. Henry 
 has written as many exercises as his brother. William has 
 received more letters than you. Give a little wine to this poor 
 woman. John has eaten too much mustard and pepper. Give 
 (to) the daughter of the soldier the cat that you have received 
 from your uncle. She has lost hers. My son has as many 
 dogs as thine. 
 
25 
 
 71. le morceau, the piece 
 le verre, the glass 
 la bouteille, the bottle 
 la livre, the pound 
 le quintal, the hundred- 
 weight 
 
 la tasse, the cup 
 une aune, an ell 
 une paire, a pair 
 une douzaine, a dozen 
 une corbeille, a basket 
 demi, half 
 
 demi-douzaine, half a dozen 
 
 le cafe', the coffee 
 la boite, the box 
 la toile, the linen 
 le mouchoir, the pocket- 
 handkerchief 
 le gant, the glove 
 le bas, Me stocking 
 
 le soulier, 
 la botte, the boot 
 la chemise, the shirt 
 la cravate, the cravat 
 le crayon, Ae pencil 
 1'encre (/.), Ae m& 
 le sucre, the sugar 
 
 h* Ma mre a envoy a ma cousine trois paires de gants, six 
 paires de bas, deux douzaines de chemises, et une corbeille de 
 cerises. Dans cette boite il y a dix aunes de toile, quatre 
 mouchoirs et une demi-douzaine de cravates. J'ai regu de mon 
 pre un chapeau et une montre, un canif, six plumes, trois 
 crayons et deux francs. Mon frere a achete' deux paires de 
 souliers et une paire de bottes.^ Nous avons envoye a 1'ami de 
 notre oncle vingt livres de sucre, un demi-quintal de cafd et 
 douze bouteilles de vin. Donnez-moi un morceau de viande, 
 une bouteille de biere et un peu de moutarde. Ma tante a 
 achete une grande table et une demi-douzaine de chaises. J'ai 
 bu un verre de vin, et j'ai mange' un morceau de fromage. 
 Cette tasse de the est pour mon cousin, et ce morceau de sucre 
 est pour ma soeur. Nous avons donne au fils de notre voisine 
 six plumes, deux crayons et un peu d'encre: il a ecrit une 
 lettre a son oncle qui est a Louisville. 
 
 72. Our gardener has many flowers. My father has more 
 flowers than your gardener. This man has much money; he is 
 very rich. You have less money than this man. We have as 
 many children as you. How many books hast thou ? I have 
 few books, but I have many friends. Give me a glass of water. 
 Hast thou given a bottle of beer to the children of our 
 
26 
 
 neighbor ? My sister has received a pound of cherries, and 
 two pounds of tea. This pair of boots is for Louis, and this 
 dozen of shirts is for Charles. 
 
 73. Singular. Plural. 
 
 le chapeau, the hat, bonnet les chapeaux, the hats, bonnets 
 
 le cadeau, the present les cadeaux, the presents 
 
 1'oiseau (m.), the bird les oiseaux, the birds 
 
 le jeu, the play, game les jeux, the games 
 
 le couteau, the knife le moineau, the sparrow 
 
 le vaisseau, the ship le chateau, the castle, country-seat 
 
 le troupeau, the flock le feu, the fire 
 
 Ma soeur aime les oiseaux; elle a beaucoup d'oiseaux. Le 
 feu et 1'eau sont utiles a l'homme. Get homme est tres-riche; 
 il a deux chateaux, beaucoup de jardins et de prairies. Yos 
 chapeaux sont plus grands que les notres. Avez-vous vu les 
 deux moineaux de mon frere ? Mon cousin a vendu tous ses 
 oiseaux. Cette petite fille aime les jeux. Ces troupeaux sont 
 a notre voisin. Nous avons vu deux grands vaisseaux. J'ai 
 achete' une douzaine de verres et une demi-douzaine de cou- 
 teaux. Ces moineaux sont encore jeunes. Ces cadeaux sont 
 pour Josephine. 
 
 74. My brother likes ships; he has three ships. My father has 
 bought two castles. Your presents are smaller than ours. We 
 have found two sparrows in the garden. These birds belong 
 to the pretty daughter of the soldier. The flocks of my uncle 
 are larger than yours. The castles which he has sold (vendus) 
 are very large. This pretty child loves (the) games. How 
 many knives have you ? The fires in the castles are small. My 
 father has bought four ships-. 
 
 75. Singular. Plural. 
 
 le cheval, the horse les chevaux, the horses 
 
 1'animal, the animal les animaux, the animals 
 le travail, the work les travaux, the works 
 
 le mal, the evil le general, the general 
 
 le mtal, t?*e metal le lion, the lion 
 
27 
 
 Les travaux de cet homme sont agreables. Les chevaux 
 sont trds-utiles; ils sont plus utiles que les chiens. Nous avons 
 vendu nos chevaux. Notre voisin a plus de chevaux que de 
 chiens. Ces animaux sont tres-jolis. Le lion est le roi des 
 animaux. Nous avons achete deux quintaux de cafe. Nous 
 avons vendu notre maison a 1'amie de votre tante. C'est une 
 tres-jolie maison. Les hommes ont beaucoup de maux. Les 
 fils de notre voisin ont achete les oiseaux du jardinier. Nous 
 avons vu les chevaux de vos amis et les travaux des soldats. 
 Mon fils aime les chevaux. Je pense toujours aux freres et 
 aux sceurs de mon ami. L'argent est un me'tal. Les me'taux 
 sont tres-utiles aux hommes. 
 
 76. I have seen your father's castles. We have lost our hats. 
 These knives are for my mother. Thy brother likes birds. Give 
 me these sparrows. These flocks belong to our neighbor. 
 Our friend has lost all his ships. My cousin has received two 
 horses from the son of this general. Henry loves work; these 
 works are very useful. This poor animal is ill. These little 
 animals are very faithful. 
 
 77. Singular. Plural. 
 
 du, de la, de 1' des, of the, some, any 
 
 du papier, of the paper, some paper, any paper 
 
 de la viande, of the meat, some meat, any meat 
 
 de 1'encre, of the ink, some ink, any ink 
 
 des pommes, of the apples, some apples, any apples 
 
 des enfants, of the children, some children, any children 
 
 chez, at the house of chez mon pre, at my father's 
 
 chez le boulanger, at the baker's chez moi, at my house 
 
 le cordonnier, the shoemaker fait, made 
 
 le libraire, the bookseller le menuisier, the joiner 
 
 on, one, people le marchand, the tradesman 
 
 il trouve, he finds il vend, he sells 
 
 il fait, he makes s'il vous plait, if you please 
 
 le citron, the lemon 
 
28 
 
 J'ai mange* du pain et de la viande. Nous avons achete' 
 des poinmes et des poires. Mon frere a bu du vin, et vous 
 avez bu de la biere et de Veau. Ce marchand vend du sucre, 
 du cafe et des citrons. Le cordonnier fait des souliers et des 
 bottes. Le menuisier fait des tables et des chaises. Chez le 
 libraire on trouve des livres, des plumes, du papier, de Tencre, 
 des canifs et des crayons. Cet homme vend des chevaux et des 
 chiens. Dans cette boite il y a des gants, des bas, des mou- 
 choirs, des cravates et de la toile. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, 
 du sel et du poivre. Avez-vous de la moutarde ? Nous avons 
 achete des tasses, des verres, des bouteilles et des couteaux. 
 Mon oncle a donn de 1'argent aux pauvres. II y a des pauvres 
 qui sont tres-contents. II y a des animaux qui sont plus grands 
 que les chevaux. 
 
 78. The child has eaten some bread and some pears. Have 
 you sent any beer to the gardener's father ? My uncle has sold 
 some ink to the cousin of the tradesman. There are some 
 children in the house with my mother. At the gardener's we 
 get (one finds) apples, pears, and cherries. Give me, if you 
 please, some water for the child. This tradesman sells metal 
 and glasses. This joiner sells tables. Give me, if you please, 
 some pencils for my father. There are few men who are 
 very happy. My uncle has given some bread to the sparrows. 
 This man has sent some boots, shoes, and stockings for the 
 poor at (de) Vienna. 
 
 79. voici, here is, here are 
 voila, there is, there are 
 
 voici mon frere, here is my brother 
 voila mes sceurs, there are my sisters 
 voici du vin, here is wine 
 voila du vinaigre, there is vinegar 
 
 le fruit, the fruit le vinaigre, the vinegar 
 
 le lait, the milk 1'huile (f.), the oil 
 
 le chocolat, the chocolate la farine, the flour, meal 
 
 la soupe, the soup le jambon, the ham 
 
 ies legumes (m.), the vegetables la tranche, the piece, the slice 
 
29 
 
 Voici du Tin et de 1'eau, du caf et du chocolat, du sucre 
 et du lait. Nous avons mang de la soupe, de la viande, des 
 legumes et du fruit. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, du vinaigre 
 et de 1'huile. Yoila une bouteille de vinaigre, et voila aussi du 
 poivre et de la moutarde. J'aime le poivre et le sel. Dans 
 cette corbeille il y a des fruits et des flours. Nous avons des 
 jardins et des prairies. Mon frere a des livres et des amis. 
 Notre cordonnier a des enfants trds-sages. Mes soeurs ont 
 mange du fromage, du jambon et du pain. Le jardinier a 
 donne des cerises a Emilie. Ma mere a achete de la farine 
 et du lait chez notre voisin. J'ai achete' ce papier et cette 
 encre chez le libraire. II y a dans cette ville des marchands 
 qui sont tres-riches. 
 
 80. The shoemaker has made a pair of shoes for my sister, 
 and two pairs of boots for Charles. Our gardener has bought 
 some trees and flowers. This town has few houses. Our 
 friend has ships and money. Your brother has many birds. 
 Give a piece of ham and a glass of beer to William. I have 
 received from the gardener a basket of flowers. Here are 
 bread and fruit, oil and vinegar. Have you lost any money? 
 We find at this tradesman's (one finds at the house of this 
 tradesman) knives and penknives. 
 
 81. grand, great, large plus grand, greater le plus grand, the 
 
 greatest 
 riche, rich plus riche, richer le plus riche, the 
 
 richest 
 
 appliqud, diligent plus applique, more le plus applique, 
 
 diligent the most diligent 
 
 bon, good meilleur, better le meilleur, the best 
 
 1'Amerique (f.), America 1'Asie (f.), Asia 
 1'Europe (f.), Europe 1'Afrique (f.) Africa 
 
 1'Australie f/J, Australia 
 
 c'est, that is, it is ce sont, these are, they arc 
 
 le negotiant, the merchant sensd, sensible 
 
 le fer (the) iron la montagne, the mountain 
 
 fort, strong la fille, the girl 
 
 aimable, amiable le tigre, the tiger 
 
30 
 
 Cet oiseau est petit; il est plus petit que le mien; c'est le 
 plus petit de tous les oiseaux. Le lion est fort; il est plus fort 
 que le tigre; c'est le plus fort de tous les animaux. Voila une 
 grande maison; elle est plus grande que la notre; c'est la plus 
 grande de la ville. Cette jeune fille est tres-aimable; elle est 
 plus aimable que sa soeur. Ce menuisier est un honnete homme; 
 il a un fils qui est un peu plus jeune que Henri. Charles est 
 plus applique' que son frere; il est le plus applique de tous mes 
 enfants. Louise est plus sage que Marie; elle est la plus sage 
 de toutes. Francois a autant d'amis que YOUS; mais les votres 
 sont plus riches que les siens. Notre voisin est rtiomme le 
 plus aimable du monde. Le fer est le plus utile des me'taux. 
 L'Australie est la plus petite partie du monde, et 1'Asie la plus 
 grande. Le Mont Blanc est la plus haute montagne de 1'Europe. 
 Les chiens sont les plus fideles de tous les animaux. Le nego- 
 ciant qui a achete cette grande maison, est un des plus riches 
 de la ville. Ces themes sont difficiles; ce sont des themes 
 tres-difficiles. Ce couteau est bon: le mien est meilleur, mais 
 le couteau de mon frre est le meilleur. 
 
 82. Europe is smaller than America. Iron is more useful 
 than silver. Henry is taller than Charles, but William is the 
 tallest. Francis is the youngest of my brothers, and Louisa 
 the youngest of my sisters. This man is very poor, but this 
 shoemaker is the poorest in (of) the town. My chair is very 
 high; it is the highest of all our chairs. This hat is prettier 
 than thine; it is the prettiest of my hats. Our children are 
 more sensible than yours; they are the most sensible of all. 
 
 S3. Singular. Plural. 
 
 celui (raj, celle (/J, that ceux (raj, celles (/J, those 
 
 celui-ci (raj, celle-ci (/J, this ceux-ci (raj, celles-ci (/J, these 
 
 (this one) 
 
 celui-la(raj, celle-la (/J, that ceux-la(raj, celles-la (/J, those 
 
 (that one) 
 
 cet homme-ci, this man ces hommes-ci, these men 
 cet homme-la, that man ces hommes-la, those men 
 
31 
 
 Mon chapeau est plus petit My hat is smaller than your 
 
 que celui de votre frre. brother's (that of your brother). 
 
 Ma pomme est plus petite My apple is smaller than your 
 
 que celle de votre soeur. sister's (that of your sister). 
 
 Vos chevaux sont plus grands Your horses are larger than your 
 
 que ceux de votre oncle. uncle's (those of your uncle). 
 
 Celui-ci est instruit. This one is learned. 
 
 Celui-la est ignorant. That one is ignorant. 
 
 Je pense a cet homme-ci et a / think of this man and of 
 
 celui-la. that. 
 
 je parle, / speak 
 
 Le chien du jardinier est plus fid&le que eelui de notre 
 voisin. Ma fille est plus appliquee que celle du libraire. Yos 
 gants sont plus jolis que ceux de ma mre. Nous avons perdu 
 nos livres et ceux de votre cousin. Yoila tes bottes et celles 
 de ton frere. Ou sont mes lettres et celles de ma cousine ? Je 
 pense a mes amis et a ceux de mon cousin. Yoici ma cravate 
 et celle de ton ami. Ce sont mes bas et ceux de mon frere. 
 Cet homme-ci est plus fort que celui-la. Cette table-ci est plus 
 haute que celle-la. Je parle de ce jardin-ci et de celui-la, de 
 cette maison-ci et de celle-la. Je pense a cet enfant-ci et a celui- 
 la. Ces chapeaux-ci sont plus jolis que ceux-la. Ces enfants-la 
 sont plus applique's que ceux-ci. Ces pommes-la sont meilleures 
 que celles-ci. Ce cheval-ci est plus petit que celui-la, mais celui- 
 ci est plus fort. Celui-ci est riche, celui-la est pauvre. 
 
 84. I have lost my pencil and my brother's (that of my brother). 
 We have found thy watch and thy friend's (that of thy friend). 
 My shoes are smaller than my cousin's (those of my cousin); 
 but thine are the smallest. My mother loves her children and 
 our gardener's. I have received thy letters and thy sister's. 
 This bird is prettier than that which you have seen in our gar. 
 den. This book is more useful than that. This house is higher 
 than that. That girl is more amiable than this. Those mer- 
 chants are richer than these. My pen is better than thine, but 
 thy cousin's is the best 
 
32 
 
 85. Singular. Plural, 
 leur (m. & f.) leurs, their 
 
 le leur (m.), la leur (f.) les leurs, theirs 
 
 Ma soeur a perdu sa plume et son crayon. Ta cousine a 
 trouv ses has et ses gants. Nos freres ont vendu leur cheval 
 et leur chien. Nos scaurs ont vendu leur jardin et leur maison. 
 Les fils de mon voisin ont perdu leurs livres et leurs plumes. 
 Ma tante est dans son jardin. Mes amis sont dans leur jardin. 
 La jardiniere a rec,u des lettres de son fils. Mes cousins ont 
 regu des cadeaux de leur pere. Notre voisine a envoye cinq 
 e'cus a sa fille. Ces enfants ont fait un joli cadeau a leur oncle. 
 Les soldats ont perdu leurs generaux. II a vendu son chien et 
 le leur. Les enfants de mon voisin ont vu ma soeur et la leur. 
 
 86. This woman has lost her children. My cousin has written 
 a letter to her uncle who is at Nashville. Thy brothers have lost 
 their friend. My sisters have also lost their friend (f.). Our 
 neighbor has (is) set out with her mother. Thy cousins have 
 (are) arrived (arrives) with their father. These children have 
 lost their hats. The children have their work (pL). Charles 
 and William have sold their dog. My brothers have sold theirs. 
 
 87. 
 
 le premier, la premiere, the first le dix-huitieme, the eighteenth 
 
 le second, la seconde, the second le dix-neuvidme, the nineteenth 
 
 le, la troisieme, the third le vingtieme, the twentieth 
 
 le quatrieme, the fourth le vingt-et-unieme, the twenty- 
 Is cinquieme, the fifth first 
 
 le sixieme, the sixth le trentieme, the thirtieth 
 
 le septieme, the seventh le quarantieme, the fortieth 
 
 le huitieme, the eighth le cinquantieme, the fiftieth 
 
 le neuvi&me, the ninth le soixantieme, the sixtieth 
 
 le dixieme, the tenth le soixante-dixieme, the seven- 
 Is onzieme, the eleventh tieth 
 
 le douzieme, the twelfth le quatre-vingtieme, the eigh- 
 le treizieme, the thirteenth tieth 
 
 le quatorzieme, the fourteenth le quatre-vingt-dixieme, the 
 le quinzieme, the fifteenth ninetieth 
 
 le seizidme, the sixteenth le centieme, the hundredth 
 
 le dix-septi&ine, the seventeenth le milli^me, the thousandth 
 le dernier, la derniere, the last 
 
33 
 
 me'chant me'chante naughty 
 
 modeste modeste modest 
 
 Chretien, Christian Mathilde, Matilda 
 
 efroi, Godfrey Marie, Mary 
 
 dimanche (m.), Sunday mercredi (m.), Wednesday 
 lundi (m.), Monday jeudi (m.), Thursday 
 
 mardi (m.), Tuesday vendredi (m.), Friday 
 
 samedi (m.), Saturday 
 
 Ce jeune homme est tres-applique; il est le premier de la 
 classe; Charles est le second; le modeste Henri est le troisieme; 
 Jean est le quatrieme; le bon Guillaume est le cinquime; 
 Chretien est le sixieme; le petit Godefroi est le septidme; 
 Paul est le huitieme; Francois est le neuvi&me; Ernest est le 
 dixieme; le mechant Joseph est le onzieme; Ferdinand est le 
 douzieme; Adolphe est le treizieme; Albert estle quatorzieme; 
 Louis est le dernier. Deux est la cinquidme partie de dix. 
 Cinq est la quatrieme partie de vingt. Un jour est la septime 
 partie d'une semaine. 
 
 88. Louisa is the first in (of) the class; Mary is the second; 
 (the) good Josephine is the third; (the) modest Emily is the 
 ninth; Matilda is the fifteenth; (the) naughty Caroline is the 
 last. A week is the fourth part of a month, and a month is 
 the twelfth part of a year. Seven days make a week. Sun- 
 day is the first, Monday is the second, Tuesday is the third, 
 Wednesday is the fourth, Thursday is the fifth, Friday is the 
 sixth, and Saturday the seventh. 
 
 89. qui? who? a qui? to whom? (whose?) 
 de qui? of whom? from pour qui? for whom? 
 
 whom? 
 
 A qui est ce de ? II est a ma Whose thimble is this ? It (is) 
 
 grand'mere. C'est celui de belongs to my grandmother. 
 
 ma grand'mere. It is my grandmother's. 
 
 Chez qui avez-vous achete' cette Where (at whose house) did 
 
 ardoise? Chez le libraire. you buy that slate? At the 
 
 bookseller's. 
 
34 
 
 le me'decm, the physician la servante, the maid-servant 
 le domestique ) the servant ici, here 
 la domestique j ( m - & f-) la, there 
 moi, I, me 
 
 Qui est la? C'est le me'decm; c'est la servante; c'est moi. 
 Qui est cet homme-la? C'est le domestique; c'est le fils du 
 jardinier. Qui sont ces enfants-la? Ce sont les enfants du 
 medecin; ce sont les filles de la servante. De qui avez-vous 
 rec,u ces cadeaux ? Du fils de notre voisine. A qui est ce 
 chapeau? II est a mon frere. A qui est cette montre? Elle 
 est a ma soeur. A qui sont ces gants ? Us sont a ma cousine. 
 A qui sont ces bottes? Elles sont a mon cousin. Yoici ton 
 livre; celui-la est le mien. Yoila ta cravate; celle-ci est la 
 mienne. Yoila tes chemises; celles-ci sont les miennes. A qui 
 avez-vous donne la corbeille ? A la servante. A qui avez-vous 
 ecrit ? A 1'oncle de mon ami. Ou est votre frere ? II est ici 
 dans sa chambre. Chez qui avez-vous achete' ces crayons? 
 Chez le libraire. Pour qui sont ces oiseaux? Pour mon frere. 
 Qui a achete cette jolie maison ? Kotre voisin a achete ces 
 deux maisons. Qui a ecrit cette lettre ? Marie a e'crit cette 
 lettre. Pour qui sont ces fleurs? Les fleurs sont pour moi. 
 Etes-vous content, Franqois ? Je suis content aujourd'hui. 
 
 90. Who is there? It is the shoemaker; it is Henry. Who 
 is that woman? It is the wife of the joiner; it is the maid- 
 servant of the physician. Who are those girls ? They are the 
 daughters of the merchant. They are Louisa and Matilda. 
 To whom have you lent your penknife ? I have lent mine to 
 Charles, and my sister has lent hers to the son of the servant (m.). 
 To whom does this cat belong (to whom belongs this cat) ? It 
 is our neighbor's (it is that of our neighbor). To whom does 
 this flower belong (belongs this flower) ? It is our sister's (that 
 of our sister). To whom do these stockings belong (belong 
 these stockings) ? They are our maid-servant's (those of our 
 maid-servant). To whom do these letters belong? They are 
 our aunt's. For whom are these books? For my two child- 
 ren: for William and Josephine. 
 
35 
 
 91. Singular. Plural. 
 monsieur, Mr. messieurs, Messrs. 
 madame, Mrs. mesdames, Mesdames 
 mademoiselle, Miss mesdemoiselles, Misses 
 
 ce monsieur, this gentleman ces messieurs, these gentlemen 
 
 cette dame, this lady ces dames, these ladies 
 
 cette demoiselle, this young ces demoiselles, these young 
 
 lady ladies 
 
 bien, well le bien, the benefit, good 
 
 dites, say, tell les bonte's f/J, the kindness, good-will 
 
 Monsieur Tournon est un honn^te homme; il a une tres- 
 bonne femme, et ses enfants sont tres-sages. Madame Noir 
 est une femme tr^s-modeste; elle aime ses enfants et elle fait 
 du bien aux pauvres. Mademoiselle Renard est tres-aimable, 
 elle a beaucoup de bontes pour moi ; elle fait souvent des 
 cadeaux a mes enfants. J'ai vu messieurs Noel; ils sont arrives 
 cette semaine; mais ils sont tres-tristes, ils ont perdu leurmere. 
 Avez-vous aussi vu les demoiselles Belmont qui sont arrive'es 
 avec leur pere ? J'ai trouve le pere chez monsieur Nollet, mais 
 les demoiselles sont malades. Qui est ce monsieur-la? C'est 
 un me'decm; c'est celui que vous avez vu chez moi. Mais, dites- 
 moi, qui est cette dame-la? C'est la cousine de monsieur Blanc; 
 c'est la soeur de madame Marmont. A qui sont ces chevaux ? 
 Ils sont a messieurs Lamartine. A qui avez-vous ecrit ? J'ai 
 ecrit a monsieur Sauvage qui est a Yienne, et a madame Latour, 
 qui est a Bruxelles. 
 
 92. Have you seen Mr. Douro? He is very tall and (very) 
 strong. Where is Louis's sister ? She went (estpartie) this week 
 to Philadelphia. Have you seen the sisters of Mr. Douro? 
 They are still very young, but they are very amiable. To whom 
 does this dog belong? It belongs to my brother; it is that 
 which he has received from Mr. Belmont. To whom does this 
 meadow belong ? It belongs to Mr. Briggs, who is at Albany. 
 Who are these gentlemen ? They are the brothers of the phy- 
 sician. Who are those ladies? This is Mrs. Stanton, and that 
 is the daughter of Mr. Yerrier. 
 
36 
 
 93. Indicative Mood, Present Tense. 
 
 je suis, / am nous sommes, 
 
 tu es, thou art vous 6tes, you are 
 
 ilest Aeis ilssont, |^ 
 
 elle est, s/ie 25 elles sont, ) 
 
 j'ai raison, / am (have) right nous avons raison, we are right 
 
 tu as raison, thou art right vous avez raison, you are right 
 
 il a raison, 7*e is right ils ont raison, they are right 
 
 In tiie same manner say, j'ai tort, / am (have) wrong. 
 
 le matin, the morning la famille, the family 
 
 la visite, the visit parce que, because 
 
 venu, come deja, already 
 
 Ou est ton frere ? Est-il ici ? II est malade, il est dans sa 
 chambre. Je suis arrive ce matin. Avec qui est-tu venu ? Je 
 suis venu avec madame Gerard qui est malade aussi. As-tu deja 
 fait une visite a monsieur Leboeuf ? J'ai deja fait une visite a 
 toute la famille. J'ai beaucoup de livres et d'amis, je suis tr&s- 
 content. Celui qui est content, est riche. Nous sommes riches, 
 parce que nous sommes toujours contents. Vous avez raison, 
 et ma soeur a tort. Yous etes encore jeunes; mais vous tes 
 plus sages qu'elle. Ces demoiselles-la sont tr&s-aimables; elles 
 ont un oncle qui est tres-riche; il a achete ce grand chateau-la, 
 tous ces jardins et toutes ces prairies. 
 
 94. Art thou my friend? I (it, le) am. I am poor and thou 
 art rich. My brother has (is) arrived this morning from Brus- 
 sels. He is come with Mr. Murray, who is his friend. Thy 
 sister has (is) gone (partie). With whom is she gone ? With 
 her cousin, with Miss Harris. Hast thou seen Mrs. Brown ? She 
 is (c'est) the best woman in the (of the) world; she has much 
 good-will for my father. She has given (to) my brother a 
 dozen pocket-handkerchiefs, and (to) my sister six pairs of 
 gloves. We are poor, but we are contented. You have little 
 money, but you are always diligent. 
 
37 
 
 95. Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense. 
 
 j 'e'tais, I was nous e'tions, we were 
 
 tu etais, thou wast vous e'tiez, you were 
 il etait, he was ils talent, 1 th were 
 
 elle tait, she was elles ^talent, ) 
 
 heureux (m.), heureuse (f.), fortunate, happy 
 malheureuxfraj, malheureuse (f.), unfortunate, unhappy 
 vertueux (m.), vertueuse (f.), virtuous 
 paresseux (m. ), paresseuse (f.) t idle 
 
 tout a 1'heure, presently, just now a present, now 
 autrefois, formerly ordinairement, usually 
 
 Cette famille e'tait autrefois tres-heureuse. Le pere e'tait 
 un tres-honn^te homme; la mre e'tait une femme modeste et 
 vertueuse. Leurs enfants dtaient sages et applique's. Mon 
 voisin e'tait autrefois riche; mais ses enfants etaient tre~s- 
 mechants et trds-paresseux. Ceux qui sont paresseux, sont 
 ordinairement pauvres; mais ceux qui sont applique's, sont 
 riches et contents. Tu e'tais toujours heureux, parce que tu 
 e'tais sage et vertueux. L'homme vertueux est toujours heu- 
 reux; mais celui qui est me'chant, est malheureux. Cette m^re-la 
 est heureuse, parce qu'elle aime ses enfants qui sont vertueux 
 et appliques; mais ces femmes-la sont toujours tristes et mal- 
 heureuses, parce qu'elles sont me'chantes et paresseuses. Nous 
 e'tions autrefois riches, et vous e'tiez pauvres; mais a pre'- 
 sent nous sommes pauvres, et vous etes riches. Nous e'tions 
 toujours amis. Tu ^tais 1'ami de mon frere, et moi, j 'e'tais 1'ami 
 de ton cousin. Mes freres e'taient toujours dans votre jardin, 
 et moi, j 'e'tais toujours dans celui de notre voisin. 
 
 96. Where were you this morning? I was at the house of 
 my uncle who has (is) arrived from Boston. My brother and I 
 (we) were at the house of thy father. Your aunt had (was) 
 already gone. Where were you just now ? We were just now 
 at the house of Mr. M., who has a very amiable daughter. 
 These young ladies were always modest and virtuous. Mr. 
 Duran was formerly very rich, but now he is poor. We were 
 formerly unhappy, but now we are happy, happier than you. 
 
38 
 
 Thou wast in our garden, and my brother was in thine. Where 
 was thy sister ? She was at the house of her aunt. Thy aunt 
 is very unhappy; she has lost all her children. 
 
 #7. Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense. 
 
 j 'avals, I had nous avions, we had 
 
 tu avals, thou hadst vous aviez, you had 
 
 il avail, he had 
 
 on avait, one or people had 
 
 ils avaient, ) ^ , -, 
 \ they had 
 elles avaient, ) 
 
 ils sont venus, they (m.) have (are) come 
 elles sont venues, they (f.) have (are) come 
 
 les parents, the relatives 
 
 mon pere et ma mere, ) varents 
 
 mes parents, 
 
 le commerce, trade, business Tun, the one 
 le banquier, the banker 1'autre, the other 
 
 le nombre, the number lorsque, when, at the time when 
 
 connu, known car, /or, as 
 
 le meilleur homme de la ville, the best man in (of) the town 
 
 Lorsque j'avais encore mes parents, j'elais tres-heureux. 
 Mon pere etait riche; il avait beaucoup de maisons, de jardins 
 et de prairies. Ma mere etait d'une bonne famille; nous avions 
 un grand commerce. Deux de mes oncles etaient banquiers. 
 J'ai bien connu vos parents. Yous aviez un grand nombre de 
 domestiques et de servantes. Yos freres avaient des chevaux 
 et des chiens; ils e'taient toujours contents. Tu etais encore 
 jeune, lorsque ton pere avait tant de malheurs. Tes soeurs 
 etaient amies des miennes; elles avaient aussi beaucoup de 
 bontes pour moi. Avez-vous aussi connu mes oncles? J'ai 
 tres-bien connu vos deux oncles; 1'un etait un homme grand et 
 fort, 1'autre etait tres-petit. Celui-ci etait le meilleur homme 
 du monde; il avait un fils que j'ai souvent vu chez monsieur 
 Montgomery; c'e'tait un jeune homme tres-aimable. 
 
 98. We (have) had this week a visit from (the visit of the) 
 Messrs. Smith, who have (are) come (venus) with their sister. 
 You had many friends when you were still young. We had more 
 books than you. Our uncle had formerly a great number of birds 
 
39 
 
 and dogs. Thou wast always very contented, for thou hadst thy 
 friends. These two merchants were formerly very happy; they 
 had a large business. I had two brothers; the one was at 
 Vienna, the other at Berlin. Didst thou know (hast thou known) 
 my two brothers? I knew (have known) the one (celui) who 
 was at Berlin; the other was younger than I. But tell me, where 
 is your brother now, who had always so many flowers ? He is 
 gone to America. 
 
 9*** eu, had mis, put, laid 
 
 et6, been pris, taken 
 
 lu, read cherche', sought 
 
 j'ai pris, / have taken, I took 
 
 tu a pris, thou hast taken, thou tookest 
 
 il a pris, he has taken, he took 
 
 nous avons pris, we have taken, we took 
 
 vous avez pris, you have taken, you took 
 
 ils ont pris, they have taken, they took 
 
 la page, the page ensemble, together 
 
 le plaisir, the pleasure hier, yesterday 
 
 1'affaire (f.), the business, work aujourd'hui, to-day 
 
 la malle, le coffre, the box, trunk tout, everything, all 
 
 Avez-vous pris mon crayon ? J'ai pris votre plume. Nous 
 avons eu beaucoup de plaisir. Tu as eu aujourd'hui peu d'af- 
 faires. Mon frere a eu tort. Mes soeurs ont eu raison. J'ai 
 trouve hier ton frere; nous avons ete' ensemble chez ton oncle 
 qui e'tait malade. Ou as-tu mis ma chemise? J'ai mis ta 
 chemise sur une chaise. Qui a pris ma cravate ? Aujourd'hui 
 tu as tout perdu. J'ai cherche' aussi mes bottes et mes souliers. 
 On a tout pris. Donnez-rnoi, s'il vous plait, mes gants et mon 
 mouchoir. Yoici vos bas et votre montre. Avez-vous lu ce 
 livre? C'est un livre tres-utile. J'ai lu ce livre avec beaucoup 
 de plaisir. J'ai lu aussi le livre que Henri a prete' a ma sceur. 
 Avez-vous des affaires aujourd'hui ? Nous avons ordinairement 
 beaucoup d'affaires. J'ai envoye' ce matin mon frSre chez le 
 banquier. J'ai vu votre frre; il est parti pour la campagne 
 avec mon cousin, Oh, le petit merchant I 
 
40 
 
 100. Where hast thou put ray pocket-handkerchief? I have 
 put thy pocket-handkerchief and thy stockings in the box. 
 Thy brothers have put their gloves on the table. Have you 
 taken my pen ? Here is a pen, it is my brother's (that of my 
 brother); but where is mine? This belongs to my cousin; 
 there is also yours. Where have you been this morning? We 
 have been at (chez) the shoemaker's. Yesterday we were to- 
 gether at (chez) the tradesman's, who sells linen and pocket- 
 handkerchiefs. Who has had my penknife ? I have had your 
 penknife. Have you read the book which I (have) lent to 
 Louisa's sister ? We have read three pages of that book. It 
 has given (cause) much pleasure to (the) little Matilda. 
 
 101. j'ai e'te', / have been nous avons e'te', we have been 
 tu as e'te, thou hast been vous avez ete, you have been 
 il a ft* he has been ils ont A6, \ t7iey have been 
 elle a e'te, she has been elles ont ete, ) 
 
 on a ete, one has been, people have been 
 Qui a ete la? Monsieur Roland a e'te' ici; il a mis ce 
 livre-ci sur la table. As-tu ete' chez le cordonnier? J'ai ete 
 hier chez le cordonnier: il a deja fait vos bottes. Ces enfants 
 ont e'te' malades toute la semaine; ils ont mange' trop de pom- 
 mes dans le jardin du voisin. Yous avez e'te malheureux dans vos 
 affaires, mais nos freres ont ete tres-heureux. Cette femme a 
 toujours e'te vertueuse, mais ses enfants ont toujours e'te pares- 
 seux. Mon voisin a ete' 1'homme le plus riche de la ville. Ou 
 avez-vous e'te' ce matin ? Nous avons e'te' chez Charles qui est 
 toujours triste, parce que sa ra&re est partie. Mes sceurs ont 
 e'te' trds-contentes; elles ont eu beaucoup de plaisir. Madame 
 Roland est trds-aimable; elle a ete aujourd'hui chez mon oncle. 
 
 102. We went (have been) yesterday to the garden of our 
 neighbor, where we (have) had much pleasure. We have 
 eaten some apples and pears. You are very fortunate: have 
 you also seen his trees and flowers ? We have seen everything. 
 We have been very contented, but my sisters have been very 
 naughty; they have taken some fruit which the gardener had 
 put into a little basket for Josephine. When the neighbor came 
 
(is come), he said (has said) to my sisters: you are naughty; 
 you have taken the fruit which was for your cousin (/.). My 
 sisters have wept, and (they) have been very sad. Your neigh- 
 bor is an honest man; he has always been the friend of those 
 who are virtuous. 
 
 103. Indicative Mood, Present Tense, Negatively. 
 
 ne pas, not, no 
 
 je ne suis pas, / am not je n'ai pas, / have not 
 
 tu n'es pas, thou art not tu n'as pas, thou hast not 
 
 il n'est pas, he is not il n'a pas, he has not 
 
 nousnesommespas,wearetto nous n'avons pas, ive have not 
 vous n'etes pas, you are not vous n'avez pas, you have not 
 ils ne sont pas, they are not ils n'ont pas, they have not 
 
 II n'a pas d'argent. He has no money. 
 
 Ils n'ont pas de livres. They have no books. 
 Je ne suis pas malade. Tu n'es pas content, tu n'as pas 
 assez de bonte's pour tes amis. Mon frere n'est pas heureux, 
 il n'a pas d'amis. Ma soeur n'est pas applique'e, elle n'aime pas 
 le travail. On n'est pas vertueux, lorsqu'on n'aime pas ses pa- 
 rents. Nous ne sommes pas tristes, nous n'avons pas perdu nos 
 livres. Vous n'tes pas appliques, vous n'avez pas fait (done) 
 vos themes. Yos freres ne sont pas paresseux, ils n'ont pas 
 pleure. Yos soeurs ne sont pas m^chantes, elles n'ont pas pris 
 mes plumes. Les homines qui sont merchants, ne sont pas heu- 
 reux. Ceux qui n'ont pas fait leur theme, sont paresseux. Je 
 ne suis pas venu avec votre frere; je n'ai pas lu le livre que 
 vous avez lu. Beaucoup de livres ne sont pas utiles. 
 
 104. I am not rich, but I am contented. I have not drunk of 
 this wine. Thou art not the first in (of) the class, and (thou) hast 
 not done (made) the best exercise. This town is not pleasant. 
 This dog is not faithful. Our neighbor has not bought this 
 house. We are not poor, we have not sold our gardens. You 
 are not unhappy, you have not lost your relatives. These exer- 
 cises are not difficult. These houses are not high. My friends 
 have not found their father; they are not gone to Mr. Mably's. 
 Your sisters have not done their exercises, they are not diligent. 
 
42 
 
 Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 cruel cruelle, cruel, fierce 
 
 mortel inorteile, mortal 
 
 immortel immortelle, immortal 
 
 las lasse, tired 
 
 bas basse, low 
 
 gros grosse, large 
 
 vif vive, lively 
 
 aetif active, active 
 
 neuf neuve, new 
 
 ne pas, no, no ne plus, TIO more, -MO more, 
 
 no longer 
 ne point, no a all, no ne jamais, not ever, never 
 
 il n'aime pas, he does not like 
 
 il n'aime point, he does not like at all 
 
 ce n'est pas, this (it) is not 
 
 ce ne sont pas, these (they) are not 
 
 il n'y a pas, there is, (there are) not 
 
 le corps, the body la chevre, the goat 
 
 1'ame (f.), the soul la brebis, the sheep 
 
 1'hydne (f.), the hyena si, so, if; aussi, also, as 
 
 La brebis est un animal utile. La brebis n'est pas si vive 
 que la chevre. Les chevres sont des animaux tres-vifs. Le 
 corps est mortel, mais Fame est immortelle. L'hyene est 
 cruelle; le tigre n'est pas si cruel que l'hyne. Ma cousine 
 n'est pas active; elle fait peu de plaisir a ses parents. Cette 
 pauvre femme est lasse. Ces animaux sont tres-gros. Yous 
 avez la une grosse pomme. La maison du jardinier est tres- 
 basse. Toutes les maisons de cette ville sont basses. Mon 
 chapeau est neuf. Cette corbeille n'est pas neuve. Je n'ai 
 point de domestique: Jean est parti, et Henri n'est pas encore s 
 arrive. Guillaume n'est plus chez moi. Mon pere n'a pas de 
 domestiques. Ce n'est pas bien fait. Ce ne sont pas vos gants, 
 ce sont les miens. Ce n'est pas votre chapeau, c'est celui de 
 mon frere. II n'y a pas de fruit dans ce jardin. Mon oncle 
 n'est pas si riche que mon voisin: il n'a pas tant de chevaux. 
 
43 
 
 '. All men are mortal. These animals are very fierce. 
 Are you tired, (my) children ? I am not yet tired, but my sister 
 is very tired. My shoes are new, but my boots are not new. 
 This child is very lively, but his sister is not so lively. Our 
 servant is an idle man, but our maid-servant is very active. 
 Our servants (f.) are not so active as yours. This letter is not 
 well written: it is not so well written as thy sister's (that of 
 thy sister). Thy cousin is very naughty; he has no friends. 
 This is not my cousin, it is the friend of my cousin. Where are 
 my stockings? They are not thine, they are my brother's 
 (those of my brother). We have been at (chez) the gardener's; 
 we have never had more pleasure. My father is richer than 
 our neighbour; but he is not so rich as the banker. 
 
 107. Masculine. Feminine. 
 
 beau, bel belle, beautiful, fine 
 
 nouveau, nouvel nouvelle, new 
 
 vieux, vieil vieille, old 
 
 doux douce, sweet, gentle 
 
 faux fausse, false, treacherous, insincere 
 
 frais fraiche, fresh, new 
 
 sec seche, dry 
 
 blanc blanche, white 
 
 long longue, long 
 
 bel, nouvel, vieil are used instead of beau, nouveau, vieux, 
 
 before a vowel or silent h. 
 
 la fourchette, the fork 1'habit (raj, the coat, dress, garment 
 la main, the hand un cheveu, a single hair 
 
 1'encrier fraj, theinkstand les cheveux (m.), the hair 
 
 Voila un bon couteau et une bonne fourchette. Mes cou- 
 teaux sont aussi bons que les votres, mais vos fourchettes sont 
 meilleures que les miennes. Mon mouchoir est blanc; cette 
 toile n'est pas si blanche. Mon gant est sec, rnais votre cra- 
 vate n'est pas encore s6che, Ce jardin est long. Ma sceur a 
 les cheveux tres-longs. Vos mains ne sont pas si longues que 
 les miennes. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, du pain frais. Avez- 
 vouz de 1'eau fraiche ? Voila un beau chateau. Ces chateaux 
 sont tres-beaux. Vous avez la une belle fleur. Get homme 
 est deja vieux. Sa femme est vieille aussi. Ce vin n'est pas 
 
44 
 
 doux. Ces poires sont plus douces que ces pommes. J'ai requ 
 un nouveau livre et une nouvelle plume. Le chat est faux, inais 
 la brebis n'est pas fausse. Yoici un bel horame. J'ai un nouvel 
 encrier. Get homme a un vieux chapeau et un vieil habit. 
 
 108. My mother has bought a dozen knives and forks. The 
 ham which you have received, is not fresh, but this mustard is 
 fresh. Mr. Mably is very handsome; his sister is still more 
 handsome; she has the most beautiful hair in (of) the world. 
 These lemons are dry, but these pears are still drier. Henry 
 has given (to) my brother an apple which is very sweet. Our 
 old servant (f.) is ill. Francis has received a new penknife 
 and a new watch. My letter is not so long as thine. These 
 girls are very gentle. Thy sisters are not so insincere as thy 
 cousins (f.). 
 
 109. Singular. Plural. 
 
 quel (raj, quelle (f.) quels (m.), quelles (f.), which, what 
 
 le temps, the time, weather depuis, since, ago 
 
 1'heure (f.), the hour, time (of day) midi, mid-day, noon 
 
 1'age (m. ), the age minuit, midnight 
 
 le quart, the quarter quinze jours, a fortnight 
 
 tard, late moins, less 
 
 demi (m.), demie (f.), half 
 
 midi et demi, half past twelve (mid-day) 
 
 une heure et demie, half past one 
 
 quelle heure est-il ? what o'clock is it ? ivhat time is it ? 
 
 huit heures et quart, a quarter past eight 
 
 onze heures moins vingt (minutes), twenty minutes to eleven 
 
 cinq heures et dix (minutes), ten minutes after Jive 
 
 il y a six mois, six months ago 
 
 il y a un an, a year ago 
 
 quel age avez-vous? how old are you (what age have you)? 
 
 j'ai seize ans, 1 am sixteen years old (I have sixteen years). 
 
 Quel livre as-tu perdu ? Quelle plume as-tu la ? De quel 
 jardinier as-tu recju ces pommes? A quelle pauvre femme as-tu 
 
45 
 
 donne* ton pain ? A celle-ci. Chez quel marchand avez-vous 
 achete' cette belle toile ? Chez notre voisin. Dans quels livres 
 avez-vous lu ? Dans ceux-ci. Quelle heure est-il ? II est six 
 heures; il n'est pas encore tard. A quelle heure 6tes-vous 
 arrives? Nous sommes arrives a neuf heures et quart; a 
 onze heures moins un quart. Ma soeur est arrive'e a midi; a 
 midi et demi. Yotre oncle est parti depuis trois mois, et votre 
 tante depuis six mois. Quel age a votre cousin ? II a seize 
 ans, mais ma cousine n'a pas encore douze ans. Combien de 
 temps avez-vous 6t6 a Philadelphie ? J'ai dte neuf mois a Phila- 
 delphie, et quinze mois a Baltimore. Je suis arrive il n'y a pas 
 encore quinze jours. J'ai vu votre fr&re a Westpoint il y a 
 trois semaines; il est grand et gros. 
 
 110. What knife hast thou found ? What flowers hast thou 
 there ? On what table hast thou laid my penknife ? What shoe- 
 maker has made thy shoes ? At (chez) what bookseller's hast 
 thou bought these pencils ? In what towns hast thou been ? 
 To what merchants have you written ? What time is it? It is 
 one o'clock (one hour) ; it is not yet half-past one (one hour 
 and a half). Tell me, if you please, what o'clock it is. It is a 
 quarter to eleven. At what hour did you arrive (are you ar- 
 rived) ? At midnight. Where is your cousin ? He has been 
 (is) at St. Louis for (since) three months. How long were you 
 (have you been) at Rochester ? We were a fortnight at Ro- 
 chester. How old are you ? I am twenty years old, and my 
 brother sixteen (years). Your father is very old. 
 
 111. Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense, Negatively. 
 
 je n'etais pas, I was not je n'avais pas, I had not 
 
 tu n'e'tais pas, thou wast not tu n'avais pas, thou hadst not 
 
 il n'&ait pas, lie was not il n'avait pas, he had not 
 
 nous n'etions pas, we ivere not nous n'avions pas, we had not 
 
 vous n'etiez pas, you were not vous n'aviez pas, you had not 
 
 ils n'dtaient pas, they were not ils n'avaient pas, they had not 
 
 gone revenu, returned^ 
 
 sorti, gone out arrive', arrived 
 
 parti, gone away, set out, de- rest6,remained, stayed, stayed 
 parted, started behind 
 
46 
 
 il est sorti, he is gone out 
 elle est sortie, she is gone out 
 ils sont sortis, they are gone out (m.) 
 elles sont sorties, they are gone out (f.) 
 dormi, slept 
 
 Yous e'tiez sorti ce matin, lorsque je suis arrive. Yous 
 n'6tes pas venu a huit heures; il etait plus tard. Mon frere 
 n'etait pas sorti, il n'avait pas encore fait ses themes. J'etais 
 malade hier; je n'avais pas assez dormi. Mes soeurs n'etaient 
 pas allees avec moi ; elles n'avaient pas encore crit leurs 
 lettres. Lorsque j'e'tais a Chicago, je n'avais pas tant d'amis 
 qu'aujourd'hui; je n'e'tais pas si content. Yous n'etiez pas si 
 actif, YOUS n'aviez pas tant d'affaires. Mon cousin et moi, 
 nous etions autrefois plus heureux qu'a present. Quelle heure 
 etait-il lorsque votre pere est parti ? II n'e'tait pas encore onze 
 heures. Mes cousines n'e'taient pas encore sorties. J'ai envoye 
 la servante chez le cordonnier; je n'avais plus de souliers. Quel 
 age avait votre frere, lorsqu'il etait a Philadelphie ? II avait 
 dix ans; dix ans et demi. 
 
 112. Have you slept well? I have not slept well. You were 
 not here yesterday. We were gone out. We had no more 
 business. These gentlemen were not so rich formerly, and 
 these ladies had not so many friends (f.). Thou wast not so 
 contented formerly; thou hadst not so much pleasure as at 
 present. At noon my brothers had (were) not yet arrived: my 
 parents had not yet received any (de) letters. Have you been 
 ill ? We have not been ill; we did (are) not come, because we 
 had not time. At what hour did they arrive (are they arrived) ? 
 
 113. je n'ai pas ete', I have not been, I ivas not 
 tu n'as pas ete, thou hast not been 
 
 il n'a pas ete', he has not been 
 nous n'avons pas etd, we have not been 
 vous n'avez pas e'te', you have not been 
 ils n'ont pas e'te', they have not been 
 
 In the same manner conjugate: 
 
 je n'avais pas ete, I had not been. 
 
_ 41 
 
 personne ne, no one rien ne, nothing 
 
 Personne n'a trouve' la bourse, No one has found the purse. 
 
 Je n'ai trouve personne, / have found no one. 
 
 Rien n'est plus agre'able, Nothing is more agreeable. 
 
 Je n'ai rien perdu, / have lost nothing. 
 
 depuis quand ? since ivften, how long ? 
 
 Depuis quand est-il ici? How long has he been fore 
 
 (since when is he here) ? 
 
 Depuis quand sont-ils ici ? How long have they been here 
 
 (since when are they here} ? 
 
 II y a longtemps que je suis ici. ) f , , , , , . 
 
 . . . f .I /tu/i/c/ i/ct//(/ /to/ o Ui (j\f Hi\J (jit 
 
 Je suis ici depuis longtemps. ) 
 
 que, that le succes, the success 
 J'ai ete ce matin chez mon oncle, ou j'ai trouve' monsieur 
 Rouge mont que je n'avais pas vu depuis trois ans. Vous n'avez 
 pas e'te hier dans le jardin de votre tante. II y a longtemps 
 que je suis chez cette bonne femme. Mes enfants n'ont pas 
 6t6 malades. Nous n'avons jamais ete dans cette ville. Mon 
 frere n'a jamais ete plus content qu'aujourd'hui. Mon fils, tu 
 n'as pas e'te applique', tu n'as pas fait tes themes. Mes enfants, 
 vous n'avez pas ete sages, vous avez mange tout mon fruit. 
 Nous n'avons rien mange, nous n'avons pas e'te' dans votre 
 chambre. Personne n'a e'te' ici; personne n'a pris vos pommes. 
 Rien n'est plus beau; vous n'avez rien pris, vous n'avez vu per- 
 sonne, et mes pommes ne sont plus dans ma boite. Depuis quand 
 etes-vous ici ? II n'y a pas longtemps que nous sommes ici. 
 
 114. Nobody is more unhappy than this young man. He is 
 never contented, he has no friends, he loves no one. Hast thou 
 seen my uncle ? He has not yet been at my father's. We have 
 not been long in (at) Washington. You have not been fortunate 
 (in your business, you have not had much success. Your brothers 
 lhave not been so unfortunate, they have sold much. Thou 
 hast not been diligent, thou hast done nothing. I have done 
 nothing because I am ill. How long hast thou been ill ? (Since 
 when art thou ill ?) Since yesterday. Thy sisters have not been 
 idle, they have done everything. This poor child has eaten 
 nothing. My brothers have written nothing. 
 
48 
 
 Indicative Present, Interrogatively and Negatively, 
 
 ne suis-je pas ? am 1 not? n'ai-je pas ? have I not? 
 
 n'es-tu pas ? art thou not? n'as-tu pas ? hast thou not? 
 
 n'est-il pas ? is he not? n'a-t-il pas? has he not? 
 
 ne sommes-nous pas? are we n'avons-nous pas? have we 
 
 not? not? 
 
 n'tes-vous pas? are you not? n'avez-vouspas? haveyounot? 
 
 neont-ils pas? are they not? n'ont-ils pas? have they not? 
 
 In the same manner conjugate: 
 
 n'etais- je pas ? was I not ? n'avais-je pas ? had I not ? 
 
 n'ai-je pas ete ? have I not been ? n'ai-je pas eu ? have I not had ? 
 
 n'avais-je pas ete ? had I not been ? n'avais-je pas eu ? had I not had ? 
 
 Y a-t-il longtemps que vous Have you been here long? 
 
 tes ici ? 
 N'y a-t-il pas longtemps que Have not your sisters been 
 
 TOS soeurs sont ici ? here long? 
 
 Ne suis-je pas tres-heureux ? N'ai-je pas beaucoup de plai- 
 sir ? N'es-tu pas content? N'as-tu pas assez? N'est-il pas en- 
 core venu ? N'a-t-il pas dcrit ? N'est-elle pas aimable ? N'a-t-elle 
 pas beaucoup de bonte's pour moi ? Ne sommes-nous pas ap- 
 plique's? N'avons-nous pas fait beaucoup de themes? N'6tes- 
 TOUS pas les amis de mon cousin ? N'avez-vous pas connu mon 
 oncle? Voila mes freres; ne sont-ils pas tres-las? N'ont-ils 
 pas trouve' leurs amis? Yoila aussi mes soeurs; ne sont-elles 
 pas tristes ? N'ont-elles pas perdu leurs livres ? N'etais-je pas 
 autrefois 1'homme le plus heureux du monde ? N'avait-il pas 
 toujours les plus beaux chiens ? N'etions-nous pas plus riches 
 que nos voisins? N'avez-vous jamais etd a San Francisco? 
 N'aviez-vous pas encore vu cette ville? N'ai-je pas ete souvent 
 dans cette maison? Depuis quand n'as-tu pas ete chez mon 
 oncle? N'a-t-il jamais ete dans notre jardin? N'avez-vous pas 
 e'te' mechants ? N'ont-ils pas e'te les premiers ? N'ont-elles pas 
 e'te' les dernieres ? N'avions-nous pas toujours ete les plus actifs? 
 Y a-t-il longtemps que ces dames sont ici ? 
 
 116. Have (am) I not come? Hast thou no bread? It is 
 not yet time. Has he said nothing ? Have we no more pears ? 
 Are you the servants (m.) of my uncle ? There are my children; 
 
49 
 
 have they not cried ? Wast thou not here yesterday ? Had he 
 not watered his flowers ? Were we never together ? Had you 
 never seen these birds? There are your sisters; have they not 
 been a long time in New York ? Hast thou not been to-day at 
 the physician's ? Has he not had my penknife this morning ? 
 Have we not always been at your uncle's ? Have you not yet 
 eaten cherries ? Have you never been in this house ? Had you 
 not lost your parents, when you were at London ? Have ou 
 not yet been to (at) Brooklyn ? 
 
 11? . Indicative Mood, Future Tense, 
 
 je serai, / shall or will be 
 tu seras, thou shalt or wilt be 
 il sera, he shall or will be 
 nous serons, we shall or will be 
 vous serez, you shall or will be 
 ils seront, they shall or will be 
 
 j'aurai, I shall or will have 
 
 tu auras, thou shalt or wilt have 
 
 il aura, he shall or will have 
 
 nous aurons, we shall or will have 
 
 vous aurez, you shall or will have 
 
 ils auront, they shall or will have 
 
 demain, to-morrow raisonnable, reasonable 
 
 Seras-tu aujourd'hui dans ton jardin ? Auras-tu des affaires ? 
 Nous aurons beau temps. Yous n'aurez pas la visite de ces 
 messieurs. A quelle heure serez- vous chez votre oncle ? Quel 
 age a votre frere? II aura dix ans dans peu de jours. Ou 
 seront demain vos soeurs ? Elles ne seront pas encore a Wash- 
 ington. Quand vous serez a Saratoga, vous aurez beaucoup 
 de plaisir. Si vos cousines sont parties, elles auront beau 
 temps. Dans trois jours je serai chez mes parents. Nous 
 serons contents, quand nous aurons rec,u cet argent. Ma soeur 
 sera contente, quand elle aura fait son th&ne. Dites au domes- 
 tique que je serai dans ma chambre. Tu auras cet oiseau, 
 quand tu seras applique'. N'aurai-je pas aussi ce beau canif que 
 mon pere a achete' ? Yous aurez un chapeau neuf, et vos 
 
50 
 
 auront une douzaine de mouchoirs. Ma cousine ne sera plus si 
 triste, quand elle aura vu ses parents. Ces enfants auront e'te' 
 tres-sages. Us auront eu beaucoup de plaisir. 
 
 118. I shall have some pears and apples to-morrow. I shall 
 always be diligent. You shall have (sing.) some paper, ink, 
 and pens, when you are (shall be) reasonable. My sister will 
 have three pairs of stockings, and two pairs of gloves. Shall 
 we have some vinegar, flour, and cheese to-day? Will you 
 always be as happy as you (it) are to-day ? Will you not often 
 have a visit from your friends? When wilt thou receive 
 (auras-tu) thy new boots ? These children will be tired. Your 
 sisters will not be so unhappy as I. The soldiers will have no 
 more generals. Our gardener will have no more flowers; he 
 will be very sad. 
 
 119. Conditional. 
 
 je serais, / should or ivould be 
 tu serais, thou shouldst or wouldst be 
 il serait, he should or would be 
 nous serions, we should or would be 
 vous seriez, you should or would be 
 ils seraient, they should or would be 
 
 j'aurais, / should or would have 
 tu aurais, thou shouldst or wouldst have 
 il aurait, he should or would have 
 nous aurions, we should or would have 
 vous auriez, you should or would have 
 ils auraient, they should or ivould have 
 
 sij'avais, if Iliad sij'etais, if I were 
 
 si j'avais eu, if I had had si j'avais e'te', if I had been 
 
 II est alte chez mon frere. He is gone to my brother's. 
 
 Je serais plus heureux, si j'avais des livres et des amis. 
 J'aurais plus de plaisir, si mes cousins e'taient ici. Tu ne serais 
 pas si riche, si tu n'avais pas fait tant d'affaires. Charles 
 n'aurait pas trouve' son pere, s'il tait arrive^ un peu plus tard. 
 Louise ne serait pas si triste, si elle avait ces belles fleurs-ci. 
 
51 
 
 Nous ne serions pas encore venus, si nous n'avions pas rec,u 
 une lettre de notre pere. Beaucoup d'hommes seraient plus 
 heureux, s'ils elaient plus actifs. Ces filles ne seraient pas si 
 mechantes, si elles n'avaient pas perdu leur mere. Si tu avais 
 eu des amis, tu aurais ete plus content. S'il avait eu de 1'ar- 
 gent, il aurait achete ces couteaux. Si je n'avais pas ete' chez 
 ,le medecin, je serais tres-malade. Si vous aviez 6t6 plus sage, 
 vous n'auriez pas e'te malheureux. Si je n'avais trouve' per- 
 sonne, je serais alle chez mon oncle. Si nous n'avions rien fait, 
 nous aurions e'te' tres-paresseux. Mon pere a dit que nous 
 aurions demain un autre domestique. Ma mere a dent qu'elle 
 serait dans deux jours a Boston si le temps etait beau. 
 
 120. Wouldst thou be contented if thou hadst all these flowers ? 
 Godfrey would not have bought that dog, if he had not received 
 some money. Matilda would not have (be) departed, if she 
 had been ill. If we had not so many friends, we should have 
 little pleasure. Would you not have been very naughty if you 
 had taken these knives ? These parents would not be so happy 
 if their children were not so diligent and modest. No one 
 would have been richer than our neighbor, if he had not had 
 so much ill fortune (malheurs). These (this) people would not 
 be so unhappy if they (il) had more money. We should have 
 (be) gone to our aunt's if the weather had been fine. This 
 shoemaker would not be so poor if he were not so idle. My 
 cousins would not have been so sad if they had received the 
 letters from their father. 
 
 121. 
 
 Yotre frere est-il malade ? Is your brother ill? 
 Sa soeur n'est-elle pas venue ? Has (is) not his sister come? 
 Yos soeurs sont-elles arrive'es? Have (are) your sisters arrived? 
 Ces enfants ont-ils e'te' sages ? Have these children been good? 
 
 Ce chien est-il fidele ? Get e'en n'est-il pas faux ? Monsieur 
 Sicard n'est-il pas encore arrive'? Yos enfants sont-ils malades? 
 Cette chemise n'est-elle pas tres-blanche ? Yotre voisin a-t-il 
 rec,u des lettres de son fils ? La campagne n'est-elle pas plus 
 
52 
 
 agitable que la ville ? Louise n'a-t-elle pas eld plus applique*e 
 que Josephine ? Votre tante n'avait-elle pas autrefois un grand 
 commerce ? Yotre oncle n'e'tait-il pas le plus riche libraire de 
 la ville ? Ce marchand ne vend-il pas aussi de la toile ? Ces 
 arbres-ci ne sont-ils pas plus hauts que ceux-la ? Ces maisons- 
 la ne sont elles pas plus belles que celles-ci? Yotre cousin 
 n'aura-t-il pas des bottes neuves ? Ta cousine ne sera-t-elle pas 
 tres-triste, quand sa mere sera partie ? Depuis quand votre 
 fils est-il a Albany? Yotre sceur a-t-elle bien dormi cette 
 nuit ? Cette chambre ne sera-t-elle pas trop petite ? Ces bas 
 seront-ils assez longs ? Ces chaises ne seront-elles pas un peu 
 basses? Ces messieurs ne seraient-ils pas tr6s-riches, s'ils 
 avaient toujours ete' aussi actifs qu'a present? Marie sera 
 toujours sage et applique'e. 
 
 122. Is this child ill ? Is this exercise difficult ? Is not the 
 moon smaller than the sun? Are not these flowers more 
 beautiful than mine ? Has your neighbor sold his house ? Do 
 these meadows belong to the neighbor of our aunt ? Was your 
 cousin at Baltimore yesterday ? Were not these children always 
 more diligent than ours ? Has Charles been at the shoemaker's ? 
 Has the shoemaker made a pair of shoes for Henry ? Have not 
 these girls been very diligent ? How long is it since your ser- 
 vant went out? (since when is your servant gone out?) Will 
 these gentlemen always be the first? Would these ladies always 
 be the first ? Would not these ladies have been very sad if they 
 had lost their children ? Shall we have a lesson to-day ? Has 
 found his book ? 
 
 parler, to speak, talk; parle, spoken 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 je parle, / speak parle-je ? am I speaking? 
 
 tu paries, thou speakest parles-tu ? art thou speaking? 
 
 il parle, he speaks parle-t-il ? is he speaking? 
 
 nous parlons, ive speak parlons-nous ? are we speaking? 
 
 vous parlez, you speak parlez-vous? are you speaking? 
 
 ils parleilt, they speak parlent-ils ? are they speaking? 
 
53 - 
 
 je ne parle pas, 7 am not speaking 
 ne parle\je pas ? am I not speaking? 
 
 chercher, to seek, look for penser, to think 
 aimer, to love, like que ? what ? 
 
 le bien, the good, that which is right 
 
 In English, the Present Tense may be expressed in three different ways; 
 namely, I speak, I am speaking, I do speak; in French, there 
 is only one form for the Present Tense; as: je parle. 
 
 Que cherchez-vous ? Moi, je cherche ma plume, et mon 
 frere cherche son crayon. Nous cherchons notre chien. Ces 
 enfants cherchent leurs livres. Que pensez-vous de ma sosur ? 
 Je pense qu'elle est tres-malade. Avez-vous pense' a mon canif ? 
 Tu penses que nous avons perdu tout notre argent. Nous 
 pensons tous les jours a nos amis. Yous ne pensez jamais a 
 vos affaires. Les riches ne pensent pas aux malheurs des 
 pauvres. J'aime ton frere. Aimes-tu aussi mon cousin ? Ma 
 mere aime Charles et Godefroi; elle parle toujours de Mathilde 
 et de Louise. Dieu aime les hommes qui font le bien. Nous 
 aimons les enfants du medecin; nous parlons souvent du plaisir 
 que nous avons eu dans leur jardin. Yous n'aimez pas les 
 fleurs, vous ne parlez jamais de votre jardin. Les bons enfants 
 aiment leurs parents. Ces meres sont heureuses; elles parlent 
 avec plaisir de leurs enfants, 
 
 124. I am always thinking of (to) my sister. If thou lovest 
 thy parents, thou wilt be happy. Thy cousin is looking for her 
 bonnet. Our gardener is always speaking of his son. I do not 
 love (the) naughty children. We are not speaking of these 
 girls, but of those. I have never spoken. Have I not spoken 
 well ? Thou speakest too much, my friend. Sensible men usually 
 speak little, but they think much. Hast thou thought of my 
 books ? I did not think (have not thought) that thou wouldst 
 be here. What art thou looking for? I am looking for my 
 watch. No one has taken thy watch, it is on the table. Do 
 you like (the) coffee ? We do not like (the) coffee, but we like 
 (the) chocolate. My cousins (f.) like (the) coffee and (the) milk. 
 
54 
 
 125. Indicative Imperfect. 
 
 je parlais, / spoke, was speaking, used to speak 
 tu parlais, tJiou spokest, ivas speaking, etc. 
 il parlait, he spoke, was speaking, etc. 
 nous parlions, we spoke, were speaking, etc. 
 vous parliez, you spoke, were speaking, etc. 
 ils parlaient, they spoke, were speaking, etc. 
 
 parlais-je ? was I speaking? 
 
 je ne parlais pas, I was not speaking 
 
 ne parlais-je pas ? was I not speaking? 
 
 quand, when intelligent, intelligent 
 
 In English, the Imperfect Tense may be expressed in four different ways; 
 as: I spoke, I was speaking, I used to speak, I did speak. 
 
 In French, there is only one form for the Imperfect Tense; as: je parlais. 
 
 Autrefois j'aimais le jeu, mais a present j'aime les livres. 
 Tu n'aimais pas les fleurs, tu parlais toujours de tes chiens et 
 de tes chats. Ton cousin cherchait encore son chapeau, lorsque 
 nous sommes partis. Nous parlions souvent a votre oncle, 
 lorsque vous etiez a Boston. Mes fils n'aimaient pas les affaires; 
 ils etaient toujours paresseux. Si vous ne parliez pas si souvent, 
 vous seriez plus aimables. Notre voisin serait tres-riche, s'il 
 aimait plus le travail. Ces demoiselles seraient plus contentes, 
 si elles ne cherchaient pas le bonheur dans les plaisirs du monde. 
 Si je n'aimais pas mes parents, je serais tres-mechant. Henri 
 et moi, nous n'aimions pas les faux amis; nous cherchions 
 toujours ceux qui etaient fideles. Louise et Marie pensaient 
 toujours au jeu; elles ne parlaient jamais de livres. Si j'avais 
 vu mon canif ici, je n'aurais pas cherche si longtemps. 
 
 126. I formerly liked this young man: he was always so modest 
 and so intelligent; he spoke little, but very well; and he always 
 sought friends who liked books more than wine. We were often 
 together, we never thought of play. What were you looking 
 for yesterday, when I was talking with my father? I was 
 looking for my hat, which I had lost. I should not have looked 
 
- 55 - 
 
 so long (si longtemps), if thy brother had (was) not come. Thy 
 mother and mine are talking together. The cat has taken the 
 meat. The merchant whom you were looking for to-day, 
 has been here. Who is the young man that was speaking 
 with my father this morning ? He is a bookseller who was 
 formerly very rich; but he liked pleasure and wine too much; 
 he is now very poor. 
 
 127. Indicative Future. 
 
 je parlerai, / shall or will speak 
 tu parleras, thou shall or wilt speak 
 il parlera, he shall or will speak 
 nous parlerons, we shall or will speak 
 vous parlerez, you shall or will speak 
 ils parleront, they shall or will speak 
 
 Conditional. 
 
 je parlerais, / should or would speak 
 tu parlerais, thou shouldst, etc. 
 il parlerait, he should, etc. 
 nous parlerions, we should, etc. 
 vous parleriez, you should, etc. 
 ils parleraient, they should, etc. 
 
 laborieux (raj, laborieuse (f.), industrious 
 Je parlerai aujourd'hui a monsieur Brown, qui est arrive' 
 avec sa sceur. Penserez-vous a mes affaires ? Je penserai a 
 vos affaires et aux miennes. Ne chercherez-vous pas le canif 
 que vous avez perdu hier? Nous chercherons plus tard en- 
 semble. Tu ne penseras plus a moi, quand tu seras a Rich- 
 mond. Ce jeune homme est tres-laborieux : il a beaucoup 
 d'argent. Ces messieurs penseront plus souvent a leurs plaisirs 
 qu'a leurs affaires. Si je parlais aussi bien que vous, je parle- 
 rais plus souvent. Si tu avais des livres utiles, tu ne penserais 
 plus au jeu. Mon pere n'aimerait pas ce jeune homme, s'il 
 n'e'tait pas si modeste. Nos cousins sont alles chercher leurs 
 amis; nous chercherions aussi les notres, s'ils n'dtaient pas 
 partis. Vous penseriez plus souvent a vos livres, si vous tiez 
 plus applique's. Ces jeunes demoiselles n'aimeraient pas tant 
 les plaisirs. si elles avaient moms d'amies. 
 
56 
 
 128. Wilt thou Bpeak to thy cousin to-day ? I will not speak 
 to my cousin to-day. Thou wilt look for thy brother a long 
 time; he is not here. Will he think also of my books ? We 
 shall often speak of this town. You will love these pleasures 
 no more. These children will look for their mother. I should 
 speak to the physician if I were ill. Thou wouldst not like 
 this dog if he were not so faithful. Our servant (f.) would 
 think of everything if she were not so idle. We would not 
 seek another servant if Louisa were industrious. If you had 
 put your boots on the table, you would not have looked for 
 them so long (looked so long). These gentlemen would not 
 love pleasure so much, if they had less money. 
 
 129. chanter, to sing louer, to praise 
 jouer, to play oublier, to forget 
 blamer, to Name travailler, to ivork 
 
 ecouter, to listen, listen to 
 
 la chanson, the song la guitare, the guitar 
 
 le violon, the violin le maitre, the master 
 
 la flute, tJte flute le cahier, the copy-book 
 
 appris, learnt pendant, during, for 
 
 le soir, the evening 
 
 Aton frere joue du violon et de My "brother plays on (of) the 
 la flute. violin and on (of) the flute. 
 
 Yotre frere a chant une belle chanson, il chante tres-bien. 
 Chantez-vous aussi? Je ne chante pas; mais mes freres chan- 
 tent tous. Yous avez oublie mon cahier; vous oubliez tout. 
 Yoila mes soeurs; elles jouent avec leurs amies. Plus tard nous 
 jouerons aussi. Ces enfants ont jou6 hier ensemble. Le maitre 
 a beaucoup blam6 Emilie; il a dit qu'elle ne travaillait pas, 
 qu'elle jouait toujours et qu'elle oubliait tout. Les enfants 
 sages e'coutent leur maitre. Si vous ne travaillez pas, vous 
 serez toujours pauvres. Adolphe n'a pas appris sa lec,on; il 
 est paresseux. Le maitre blame les enfants paresseux, mais il 
 loue ceux qui sont applique's. Nous ne louons pas votre sceur, 
 parce qu'elle est tres-me'chante. Yotre frre joue-t-il du violon ? 
 Mon frere joue du violon, et mes cousins jouent de la flute. 
 
57 
 
 Travaillerez-vous ce soir ? Nous ne travaillerons pas ce soir. 
 Chanter as-tu aujourd'hui ? Mes sceurs chanteront. Autrefois 
 je chantais plus souvent, mais je ne travaillais pas. 
 
 130. Who has sung this beautiful song ? It is my sister who 
 has sung this song. We have listened with pleasure. Does 
 your sister sing? She (has) learned singing (a chanter) for six 
 months. Do you play (of) the violin? My brother plays the 
 violin; but my sister and I (we) play the guitar. Do your 
 brothers also sing ? My brothers sang formerly very well, but 
 now they no longer sing. The teacher blamed thy cousin 
 Charles yesterday, but he praised thy cousin Mary. Has thy 
 brother worked to-day? He has worked this morning, and he 
 will work again this evening. We would network so long, if we 
 had not so much business. Hast thou forgotten my penknife ? 
 I have forgotten nothing; there is also thy copy-book and (thy) 
 pen. Thy brother forgets everything, he will forget his exercises. 
 
 131. 
 
 donner, to give preter, to lend 
 
 porter, to carry, wear pleurer, to weep 
 cotiter, to cost demeurer, to live, dwell 
 
 trouver, to find, meet with, like 
 
 le drap, the cloth noir, black 
 
 le tailleur, the tailor excellent, excellent 
 
 pourquoi? ivhy? comment, how 
 
 Combien ce drap coute-Wl? ) ffmy much ^ ^ ^ 
 Combien coute ce drap ? ) 
 
 Je ne cherche pas mon cahier. Tu ne donnes rien aux 
 pauvres. Get enfant pleure, il n'a pas de pain. Nous trou- 
 vons toujours des amis, quand nous sommes riches. Vous por- 
 tez toujours des habits noirs. Combien coute le drap de votre 
 habit ? Ou avez-vous achetd ce beau canif ? Comment trouvez- 
 vous ce vin ? Je trouve que ce vin est excellent. Pourquoi 
 pleurez-vous ? Nous ne pleurons pas. Ou portez-vous ce drap ? 
 Nous portons ce drap chez le tailleur. Ou demeurez-vous ? Je 
 demeure chez mon oncle. Messieurs Barton ne demeurent plus 
 
58 
 
 icl Je pr&terai mon livre a votre frSre, s'il a perdu le si en. 
 Vous ne trouverez jamais le temps long, si vous airnez le travail. 
 Ces enfants pleureront beaucoup, quand leur mere sera partie. 
 
 132. What did (have) these cups cost? What tailor has 
 made this garment ? Where does he live ? Why do you not 
 work? Who has found this knife? Of (chez) whom did you 
 buy (have you bought) this cloth? Why didst thou weep yes- 
 terday? How did he like this wine? How many trees wilt 
 thou give to the gardener ? To whom will you lend this book? 
 Have those gentlemen lived long here? (See Ex. 115.) Does 
 thy sister always wear black stockings? How long did you 
 wear (have you worn) that large hat? Wouldst thou give thy 
 violin for this flute ? Bid this guitar cost twenty francs ? Will 
 thy brother carry all these books? Is this fruit good? How 
 much will this house cost? 
 
 133. finir, to finish; fini, finished 
 
 Indicative Present, 
 je finis, I finish, do finish, am nous finissons, we finish, do 
 
 finishing finish, are finishing 
 
 tu finis, thou finishest, etc. vous finissez, you finish, etc. 
 il finit, he finishes, etc. ils finissent, they finish, etc. 
 
 punir, to punish obelr, to obey 
 
 salir, to soil, dirty choisir, to choose 
 
 batir, to build remplir, to fill, fulfil, do 
 
 le devoir, tJie duty le ruban, the ribbon 
 
 Get enfant obdit a sa mre. This child obeys (to) his mother. 
 
 J'obels a mes parents. Tu choisis les meilleurs fruits. 
 Mon voisin batit trois maisons. Nous remplissons nos devoirs 
 avec plaisir. Pourquoi ne punissez-vous pas vos enfants, quand 
 ils sont me'chants? Ces messieurs ne remplissent pas leurs 
 verres. Je ne punis jamais ce jeune homme, parce qu'il est 
 toujours bon. Yous avez bien choisi; ce ruban-ci est le plus 
 beau. N'avez-vous pas encore fini ? Ces messieurs ne finissent 
 jamais. Si vous ne finissez pas, je parlerai a votre pere. Qui 
 a rempli ces deux verres ? Pour qui sont les cadeaux que vous 
 
59 
 
 choislssez ? Pourquoi ne batissez-vous pas ? Nous ne batissons 
 pas, parce que nous n'avons point d'argent. Vos soeurs no 
 sont pas sages; elles salissent toujours leurs habits. 
 
 134. I have not yet finished my exercise. Hast thou already 
 finished thine? We are finishing ours now. Why do you not 
 also finish yours? My sons always finish their exercises. 
 The teacher punishes those who do not obey. We always 
 obey our teacher. You are very sensible; you do your 
 duty. Who has soiled this copy-book? Henry; he soils every 
 thing. We never soil our copy-books. Which copy-book hast 
 thou chosen ? I have not yet chosen. I choose this, and my 
 sister chooses that. You are too long choosing. Who is build- 
 ing this house ? It is the bookseller who is building this house. 
 People are building (On butit) much in this city. Is this bottle 
 filled? You do not fill the bottles well. There is too little 
 water in this bottle. 
 
 135. Indicative Imperfect. 
 
 je finissais, 1 finished, was finishing, used to finish 
 
 tu finissais, thou finishedst, wast finishing, etc. 
 
 il finissait, he finished, was finishing, etc. 
 
 nous finissions, we finished, were finishing, etc. 
 
 vous finissiez, you finished, were finishing, etc. 
 
 ils finissaient, they finished, were finishing, etc. 
 
 Charles e'tait autrefois tres-heureux: il chantait toujours, 
 il jouait avec ses amis, mais il aimait aussi le travail. Nous 
 (Stions sou vent ensemble. Nous finissions toujours les premiers 
 nos themes. Le maitre e'tait toujours content, et il ne punissait 
 jamais. Nous obe'issions a nos parents, et nous e'coutions nos 
 maitres. Jean choisissait les meilleurs livres, et Louise cher- 
 chait les plus beaux fruits. Yous parliez souvent de vos amis, 
 et vous ne salissiez jamais vos habits. Nos fibres aimaient les 
 affaires plus que les plaisirs, et ils punissaient ceux qui ne tra- 
 vaillaient pas. Autrefois, quand nous aimions beaucoup les 
 cerises, votre mere remplissait toujours nos corbeilles. Nous 
 portions une partie de nos fruits aux enfants du pauvre menui- 
 sier qui demeurait dans la maison de notre voisin. 
 
MS. I 
 
 60 
 
 . If you obeyed (to) your parents you would be happier. 
 You would be very diligent if you finished (finissiez) your exer- 
 cises to-day. If we soiled our dresses, our mother would blame 
 the servants (f.). These gentlemen would find more pleasure 
 if they fulfilled their duties. It would be (on aurait) wrong 
 to (of) build now. It would be right to (of) choose these rib- 
 bons. My brother would be very idle if he did not finish 
 his exercises to-day. You would be very diligent if you filled 
 these bottles. If we do not obey (to) our teachers, we shall be 
 very naughty. He would be right if he punished thy brother 
 who is generally so idle. 
 
 137. Indicative Future. 
 
 je finirai, / shall or will finish 
 tu finiras, thou shalt or wilt finish 
 il finira, he shall or will finish 
 nous finirons, we shall or will finish 
 vous finirez, you shall or will finish 
 Us finiront, they shall or will finish 
 
 Conditional. 
 
 je finirais, I should or would finish 
 tu finirais, thou shouldst or wouldst finish 
 il finirait, he should or would finish 
 nous finirions, we should or would finish 
 vous finiriez, you should or would finish 
 ils finiraient, they should or would finish 
 
 la salle, the room si ne, if not, unless 
 
 Quand finirez-vous votre theme ? Je finirai tout a 1'heure. 
 Tu saliras ton habit, si tu portes cette corbeille. Dieu punira 
 les me'chants. Nous aurons aujourd'hui des rubans, nous choisi- 
 rons les plus beaux. Les enfants sages obeiront toujours a 
 leurs parents. Si mon frere etait ici, je finirais mon theme. 
 Si j'avais de 1'argent, je batirais une salle. Si je batissais, mon 
 voisin batirait aussi. Nous ne remplirions plus nos verres, si 
 le vin n'e'tait pas si bon. Si vous portiez cette huile, vous 
 saliriez vos gants. Je n'aimerais pas ce jeune homme s'il 
 
61 
 
 n'ob&ssait pas a ses parents et a son raaltre. Mes sceurs ne 
 choisiraient pas ces chapeaux, si elles ne trouvaient que ce sont 
 les meilleurs. Nous aurions choisi ces bas-ci, s'ils e'taient un 
 peu plus longs. Yous auriez fini votre theme, si vous aviez 
 toujours travaille'. 
 
 138. I will fill thy glass; thou hast not yet drunk. There is 
 also cheese and bread. I will give this slice of ham to your 
 little Francis. We shall finish our letter this evening. Henry 
 will soil his clothes if he carries this tree. We will always obey 
 (to) our parents. You will not punish "this young man, because 
 he has done nothing. Will you also build? I have built enough; 
 
 I will not build (any) more. You would finish to-day if you were 
 more diligent. We would fill our glasses if we had not drunk 
 enough. You would obey (to) your brother if you were more 
 sensible. My neighbors would build if they had more money. 
 
 139. vendre, to sell; vendu, sold 
 
 Indicative Present, 
 je vends, / sell, am selling 
 tu vends, thou sellest, art selling 
 il vend, he sell*, is selling 
 nous vendons, we sell, are selling 
 vous vendez, you sell, are selling 
 ils vendent, they sell, are selling 
 
 le prix, the price vert, green 
 
 la couleur, the color a la mode, in the fashion, 
 
 en, of it fashionable 
 
 fin (m.), fine (f.), fine gros (raj, grosse (f.), coarse 
 la qualite, the quality 
 
 Combien vend-il ce drap At how much does he sell this cloth 
 
 1'aune ? an ell (this cloth the ell) ? 
 
 II le vend vingt francs He sells it at twenty francs an 
 1'aune. ell (twenty francs the ell). 
 
 Yotre oncle vend sa maison. Mon oncle ne vend pas sa 
 maison, mais il vend son jardin. Combien vendez-vous ce V ~R 
 
 OF THE 
 
62 
 
 drap noir 1'aune ? Je vends ce drap quatorze francs 1'aune. 
 C'est trs-cher. Je trouve que c'est tr&s-cher. Voila un drap 
 vert qui est aussi beau que celui-la, et qui ne coute pas autant. 
 Ce drap est tres-fin, et la couleur en est belle. Combien dites- 
 vous que ce drap-ci coute? Quel est le dernier prix de ce drap ? 
 Nous vendons ce drap dix francs et demi 1'aune. Vous vendez 
 trds-cher. Les autres marchands de la ville ne vendent pas si 
 cher que vous. Ce drap est d*une tres-bonne qualite'; vous 
 trouverez qu'il n'est pas trop cher. Nous en vendons beaucoup 
 de cette qualite'; ce matin nous en avons vendu vingt aunes. 
 Tous ceux qui ont achete de ce drap en ont etc tres-contents. 
 Comment trouves-tu ce drap, Henri ? Je trouve que ce drap 
 vert est plus gros que ce drap noir. Si c'etait pour moi, je 
 choisirais celui-ci. Tu as raison. Le tailleur a dit aussi que 
 le vert n'dtait plus a la mode. 
 
 140. Where are these beautiful pencils sold? (Where do 
 people sell, etc. ?) Do you sell penknives ? I sell nothing. Thy 
 brother is selling all his birds. We are also selling ours. You 
 are selling everything. Are your sisters also selling their 
 books ? My brother is not selling his horse, but he is selling 
 his dog. How much do these gloves cost ? These gloves and 
 stockings together cost six francs and a half. That is not dear. 
 Where did you buy (have you bought) this hat? Does your 
 neighbor also sell cloth? Do you not find that he sells too 
 dear ? He does not sell his cloth dear: he sells the green cloth 
 at ten francs an ell. This cloth is fine, but that is coarse. This 
 is good, but the color is not fashionable. 
 
 141. rendre, to give back, restore attendre, to wait 
 descendre, to descend, come down perdre, to lose 
 re'pondre, to answer, reply battre, to beat 
 
 la porte, the door doucement, softly, gently, slowly 
 
 le moment, the moment venez, come; allez, go, are going 
 tout, quite vite, promptement, quickly 
 
63 
 
 Je perds mon temps. Je n'attends pas plus longtemps. 
 Pourquoi ne reponds-tu pas ? Yotre frere ne descend-il pas ? 
 Mon frere et ma sceur descendent en ce moment. A qui est 
 ce livre? Pourquoi ne rendez-vous pas ce livre? Yous battez 
 toujours mes soeurs; elles ont beaucoup pleurd. Ces enfants 
 perdent leurs plumes a tout moment. Ou allez-vous si vite? 
 Attendez un moment; n'allez pas si vite; allez tout doucement. 
 Venez ; il est deja tard: nous n'attendons pas; nous perdons 
 trop de temps. Yenez ici, mes cousins attendent a la porte. 
 Nous avons attendu plus d'une (than an) heure. Que fait 
 votre frere? II joue. Combien perdez-vous aujourd'hui? 
 
 142. What are you looking for ? Have you lost your pen- 
 knife? You lose everything. We are looking for nothing; we 
 have lost nothing; it is our cousin who loses everything. He 
 is beating (bat) all the children. When I (shall) come down 
 I will speak to my cousin (m.). Where are you going now ? 
 You are not going too quickly, you are going quite slowly. 
 Come with me. Wait a little, I am looking for my hat. Why 
 do you beat this child ? He has done nothing. You do not 
 answer; you are very naughty. Give me back my pen, or give 
 me yours. Why do you not wait? We are waiting; my sisters 
 are also waiting. These children never answer; they are 
 always losing their hate. 
 
 143. Indicative Imperfect. 
 
 je vendais, / sold, was selling, used to sell 
 tu vendais, thou soldest, ivast selling etc. 
 il vendait, he sold, was selling etc. 
 nous vendions, we sold, were selling etc. 
 vous vendiez, you sold, were selling etc. 
 ils vendaient, they sold, were selling etc. 
 
 Pourquoi n'attendais-tu pas ? J'avais oublie ma montre. 
 Nous descendions souvent cette montagne, quand nous demeu- 
 rions chez notre oncle. Autrefois vous aimiez beaucoup le jeu, 
 vous perdiez souvent tout votre argent. II est vrai, je perdais 
 trop, j'dtais tres-malheureux. Je trouvais toujours le temps 
 long; je n'avaia pas assez d'affaires, Depuis que je suis ici, je 
 
64 
 
 ne pense plus au jeu. Yotre frere aime le commerce; il tait 
 ce matin a la porte de notre maison, et il vendait son petit 
 chien au fils du lihraire. II a bien fait; tous les enfants bat- 
 taient ce pauvre animal. Pourquoi ne repondiez-vous pas, 
 lorsque mon pere etait ici ? Je ne repondais pas, parce que 
 j'etais trop triste. Mes freres descendaient lorsque vous parliez 
 avec mon oncle. 
 
 144. Why did you not wait? We did not wait because we 
 had no more time. Your cousin answers very well; he is an 
 industrious young man. My brothers did not answer so well; 
 they did not like work enough. Why did you beat this child ? 
 I beat this child because he was very naughty. Why were you 
 coming down so quickly ? The general had come. We should 
 lose our money if we waited longer. If you gave back these 
 flowers to your cousin, he would be very pleased. Your 
 sisters would be very sad if you did not reply. 
 
 **< *_, 
 
 145. Indicative Future. 
 
 je vendrai, I shall or will sell 
 tu vendras, thou shalt or wilt sell 
 il vendra, he shall or witt sell 
 nous vendrons, we shall or will sell 
 vous vendrez, you shall or ivill sell 
 ils vendront, they shall or will sell 
 
 Conditional. 
 
 je vendrais, / should or would sell 
 tu vendrais, thou shouldst or wouldst sett 
 il vendrait, he should or would sell 
 nous vendrions, we should or would sell 
 vous vendriez, you should or ivould sell 
 ils vendraient, they should or would sell 
 
 retourner, to return, go back bientot, soon 
 
 As-tu deja rdpondu a la lettre de ton cousin ? Je re'pondrai 
 ce soir a sa lettre. Yendrez-vous votre cheval ? Je ne vendrai 
 pas mon cheval, mais mon frre vendra le sien. Descendrez- 
 vous bient6t ? Nous ne descendrons pas encore. Yos soeurs 
 descend ront-elles? Elles attendront encore un peu. Je n'atten- 
 
65 
 
 drai pas plus longtemps. Nous attendrions encore un moment, 
 si notre frdre e'tait ici. Yous perdriez beaucoup, si vous yen- 
 diez votre maison. Si je vendais mon cheval, je vendrais aussi 
 mon chien. Si ce jeune homme tait plus sage, il ne battralt 
 pas son domestique. Si nos cousins n'dtaient pas malades, ils 
 repondraient a notre lettre. Je retournerai tout a I'heure. 
 
 146. When will you answer (reply to) the letter of your 
 brother? I have already answered his last letter; he has already 
 received two of my letters. He will answer in three days. 
 We shall lose our friend Henry: he is very ill. This is a great 
 misfortune for his sister. You will wait for your father: he 
 has not yet come. Wait a moment, we will go back together. 
 We would wait with pleasure, if we had time. You would lose 
 your time, if you waited longer. These gentlemen would not 
 sell their horses, if they had not lost their money. 
 
 147. lever, to lift, raise 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 je leve, / raise nous levons, we raise 
 
 tu leves, thou raisest vous levez, you raise 
 
 il leve, he raises ils levent, they raise 
 
 Imperfect, je levais, / was raising 
 Future. je leverai, / shall raise 
 Conditional, je leverais, / should raise 
 
 e'lever, to bring up, educate achever, to complete, end 
 mener, to guide, lead, bring acheter, to buy 
 
 appeler, to call, name 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 j'appelle, I call nous appelons, we call 
 
 tu appelles, thou callest vous appelez, you call 
 il appelle, he calls ils appellent, they call 
 
 Imperfect, j'appelais, I was calling 
 
 Future. j'appellerai, / shall call 
 Conditional, j'appellerais, I should call 
 
 jeter, to throiv, throw away 
 
 je jette, I throw j e jetais, I was throwing 
 
 je jetterai, I shall throw je jetterais, 1 should throw 
 
la robe, the goum, dress la pierre, the stone 
 
 la plante, the plant lourd (wj, lourde (f.), 
 
 le chemin, the way, road faites, make, do 
 
 'e'cole (f.), the school 1'eglise (f.) t the church 
 
 I, educated leve\ lifted, raised 
 
 Ou achetez-vous vos robes? J'achSte mes robes chez mon- 
 sieur Henri, et ma saur achete les siennes chez notre voisin. 
 Ma mere achetera aujourd'hui une paire de gants pour ma 
 soeur. Nous acheterions ces plantes, si elles n'etaient pas trop 
 cheres. Que faites-vous ? J'acheve mon theme. Nous ach6- 
 verons le n6tre ce soir. Quand achererez-vous ce theme? 
 Appelle ton frre. Ou est-il ? Ou menez-vous cet enfant ? Je 
 mene cet enfant a 1'ecole. Ce chemhi mene a I'dglise. Cet 
 enfant est tr6s-bien e'leve'. Ce jeune hornme est tr6s-applique: 
 ii mene une vie trs-aetive. Yous ne leverez pas cette pierre; 
 elle est trds-lourde. Yotre tante elve bien ses enfants. Ma 
 mere est malade; nous appellerons le medecin. Comment ap- 
 pelle-t-on cette plante? Jetez cette plume; elle n'est pas bonne. 
 Je jetterai cette lettre au feu; elle n'est pas bien e'crite. 
 
 148. Why did you not complete (have you not completed) 
 your exercises? I shall complete my exercises to-morrow. 
 Have you called the servant (m.) ? The servant has gone out; 
 I will call the maid-servant. You are a naughty boy (you are 
 naughty), you are always throwing stones into our garden. I 
 will take my sisters this evening to my uncle's. These gentle- 
 men would lead a better life if they were more diligent. I have 
 lifted this stone, it is not heavy. My brother will not lift 
 this stone. These mothers bring up their children very well; 
 they are well educated children. Your father will buy my 
 uncle's garden. Who has thrown this stone into my room? 
 
 149. preTdrer, to prefer 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 je pre'fere, I prefer nous pre'fe'rons, we prefer 
 
 tu pre'feres, thou preferrest vous pre'fe'rez, you prefer 
 il preTere, he prefers ils preTerent, they prefer 
 
67 
 
 Imperfeot je prdfdrais, / was preferring, t preferred 
 Future. je preTererai, I shall prefer 
 Conditional, je preler erais, I should prefer 
 
 ospe'rer, to hope mode'rer, to moderate 
 
 posse'der, to possess c^der, to cede, to give, to yield 
 
 exag^rer, to exaggerate r^gler, to rule, to settle 
 
 celel>rer, to celebrate 
 
 la colere, anger la fete, the feast, birth-day 
 
 la passion, the love, affection chaque amide, each, every year 
 
 le deTaut, the defect, fault ce qui, ce que, that which, which, 
 la fortune, the fortune what 
 
 la place, the place Fe'colier, the scholar 
 
 J'espere que tu trouveras ton livre. Nous espdrons que 
 nos parents arriveront bientot. Ma sosur espere que tu n'ou- 
 blieras pas son cahier. Ma fortune n'est pas trds-grande. Les 
 homines esperent toujours. Nous celeljrerons demain la fete 
 de notre pere. Ces dcoliers ce'lebrent chaque anne'e la f6te 
 de leur maitre. Je prdfere mes livres a ceux de nion cousin. 
 Ma mere preTere le the* au cafe*. Nous preTdrons ce violon a 
 cette flute. Mon oncle possede beaucoup de jardins et de 
 prairies. Nous possedons une tr6s-belle maison. Tout ce que 
 je possede, est a YOUS. Je r^glerai mes affaires et les v6tres. 
 Mode'rez votre colere. Celui qui modere ses passions est heu- 
 reux. Je cederai rna place a ce monsieur. C'est un homme qui 
 exagere tout. Vous exagdrez les deTauts de cet enfant. 
 
 150. Have you celebrated the birth-day of your aunt to-day? 
 We celebrate her birth-day every year. I hope that we shall 
 yet celebrate this day. We hope that my brother will be good. 
 I prefer my boots to yours. Do you prefer these apples to 
 those pears ? We shall always prefer our duties to all pleasures. 
 You exaggerate every thing. We exaggerate nothing. I will 
 give my dog to my brother. If you do not moderate your 
 anger, you will be unhappy. This man was formerly very rich; 
 he possessed many houses and much land (terres). Now he 13 
 poor; he possesses nothing. You formerly possessed nothing, 
 and now you possess a large fortune. 
 
68 
 
 employer, to employ, spend 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 J'emploie, / employ nous employons, we employ 
 
 tu emploies, thou employest vous employez, you employ 
 il emploie, he employs ils emploient, they employ 
 
 Imperfect j'employais, / was employing, I employed 
 Future. j'emploierai, / shdtt employ 
 Conditional j'emploierais, / should employ 
 
 envoyer, to send payer, to pay, pay for 
 
 nettoyer, to clean essayer, to try 
 
 aboyer, to bark essuyer, to wipe, dry up 
 
 eflrayer, to frighten 
 
 Famitid (f.), friendship propre, proper, clean, neat 
 I'humeur (f.), temper mordre, to bite 
 la dent, the tooth la jeunesse, youth 
 
 la larme, the tear la faute, the fault, mistake 
 
 voJontiers, willingly 
 
 For the sake of euphony, son is used instead of sa before a vowel or silent 
 h, as: son amitie for sa amitie, son hunieur for sa huineur. 
 
 Employez bien votre temps. Celui qui emploie bien son 
 temps, est tres-sage. La mauvaise hurnenr de mon frere 
 m'effraie. Je paie tout ce que j'achete. Nous payons souvent 
 bien cher les fautes que nous avons faites. Nous envoyons notre 
 domestique chez votre cousin. Mon pere paiera tout ce que 
 nous avons re9U. Si vous ne payez pas mon cousin, vous per- 
 drez son amitie. Nous paierions volontiers votre cousin, si nous 
 avions requ de Targent. Mon pere a perdu ses dents dans sa 
 jeunesse. Ma chambre n'est pas propre; vous ne nettoyez ja- 
 mais ma chambre. Mon frere nettoie toujours ses habits. 
 Pourquoi ce chien aboie-t-il ? Les chiens qui aboient, ne mor- 
 dent pas. Le chien de notre voisin a mordu mon frere. Essayez 
 cette plume; elle est tres-bonne. Yous n*avez pas essuye' vos 
 mains. J'essuierai mes mains a mon mouchoir. Essuyez vos 
 larmes, ne pleurez plus. Vous avez effraye* ces enfants. Mon 
 frere effraie toujours les enfants. 
 
If you do not employ the time of your youth well, you 
 will not be happy. My sister employs her money well. How 
 do you spend the greater part of your time ? This dog barks 
 the whole night. A dog which barks, does not generally bite. 
 Clean your shoes. You have not yet cleaned your teeth. I am 
 sending three francs to this poor family. You send nothing to 
 your brother. We are sending a basket of fruit to-day to our 
 sister. Have you paid the gardener ? We will pay the gardener 
 to-morrow. Caroline has cried; she is drying up her tears. 
 My pen is not good; I will try yours. The table is not clean; 
 you never wipe the table. I was much (tres) frightened be- 
 cause I had lost my book. We have paid for the cloth which 
 we have received from the tailor. 
 
 placer, to put, place, lay 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 je place, I place nous plaqons, we place 
 
 tu places, thou placest vous placez, you place 
 
 il place, he places ils placent, they place 
 
 Imperfect, je pla<jais, I was placing, I placed 
 Future. je placer ai, / shall or will place 
 Conditional, je placerais, I should or would place 
 
 commencer, to begin rincer, to rinse 
 
 efiacer, to efface, strike out prononcer, to pronounce 
 avancer, to advance 
 
 manger, to eat 
 
 Indicative Present. 
 
 je mange, I eat nous mangeons, we eat 
 
 tu manges, thou eatest vous mangez, you eat 
 
 il mange, he eats ils mangent, they eat 
 
 Imperfect, je mangeais, / was eating 
 Future. je mangerai, / shall or will eat 
 Conditional, je manger ais, / should or would eat 
 
 corriger, to correct changer, to change, alter 
 
 partager, to share, divide protdger, to protect 
 
70 
 
 I'innocence (f.) 9 innocence le latin, Latin 
 
 la ligne, the line a\itremeiit,otherwise,drfferencly 
 
 le mot ; the word mieux, better 
 
 I'e'tude (f.), the study entre, betzveen, among 
 
 1' anglais, English le bien, property, estate, fortune 
 
 le francais, French I'appe'tit, (m.) the appetite 
 
 Yous ne prononcez pas bien ce mot. Nous pronongons le 
 francais mieux que vous. Mon cousin prononqait tres-bien 
 T anglais. Effacez cette ligne. Prononcez ces mots autrement. 
 L'etude du latin est tres-agre'able. Nous plac,ons nos livres sur 
 cette table. Pourquoi avez-vous efface cette ligne? Nous 
 n'effagons jamais un mot. Yous n'avancez pas dans vos e'tudes. 
 Autrefois j'avanqais beaucoup plus. Nous avanqons tous les 
 jours. Yous n'avez pas encore corrige' les fautes de votre 
 theme. Nous ne corrigeons jamais les themes de notre frere. 
 Mon oncle a partage son bien entre ses enfants. Nous parta- 
 geons avec nos amis tout ce que nous avons. Mangerez-vous 
 un peu de ce fruit? Je ne mangerai rien a present, je n'ai 
 pas d'appe'tit. Yous protegez toujours ce jeune homme. Dieu 
 protege 1'innocence. Nous prot^geons nos amis. Le temps a 
 change. Avez-vous deja commence votre lettre? Je commen- 
 cerai dans un moment. Je n'ai pas encore rince les verres. 
 
 154. You do not pronounce well. You formerly pronounced 
 better. The French pronounce (the) Latin differently from us 
 (otherwise than we). Why do you not eat? We do not eat, 
 because we have no appetite. We will presently eat a little of 
 this ham. Put this book on the table. We will place every- 
 thing on this chair. I have not yet corrected my exercise. 
 We will correct ours this evening. My brother formerly cor- 
 rected my exercises. We will share this apple with our cousin. 
 We will not begin to-day; we will begin to-morrow. Do not 
 efface these two lines. Why have you struck out this word? 
 The weather will change. This gentleman is much (bien) 
 altered. Why do you not protect this girl ? We protect no 
 one. Have you already rinsed the glasses? We are now 
 rinsing the glasses and cups. 
 
71 
 
 155. 
 
 Singular. 
 moi, 7, me 
 toi, thoUj thee 
 lui, he, him 
 elle, she, her 
 
 Plural. 
 
 nous, ive, us 
 vous, you 
 
 eux (m.), they, them 
 elles (f.), they, them 
 
 ceci, this 
 cela, that 
 
 envers, towards, to 
 centre, against 
 chez moi, to or a ra 
 
 Yenez avec moi. 
 
 avant, before 
 apres, a/ter 
 
 ingrat, ungrateful, unthankful 
 ou, or 
 house en, m 
 
 Allez avec lui. As-tu e'te' chez moi ? Je 
 n'ai pas Gt& chez vous. Qui a e^crit cette lettre, toi ou elle ? 
 Nous avons travaille pour vous. Yous etes ingrat envers nous. 
 Yotre frere est arrive avant moi. Yous arriverez apres lui. 
 Yoila ta petite soeur; n'as-tu rien pour elle? Je n'ai pas vu 
 aujourd'hui tes freres, mais j'ai pense' a eux. Nous n'avons pas 
 vu vos soeurs, mais nous avons pense a elles. Yous n'aimez 
 pas mon frere, vous etes toujours contre lui. Nous aimons 
 beaucoup votre soeur; nous parlons souvent d'elle. Je pense 
 toujours a toi, mais tu ne penses jamais a moi. Get habit est- 
 il pour vous ? Cette montre est-elle pour toi ? Qui a pris mon 
 canif? Moi. C'est toi qui as piis ina plume. Celui qui n'est 
 pas avec moi, est contre moi. Ou est votre petit frere ? Ces 
 fruits et ces fleurs sont pour lui. Ou est la pauvre femme ? 
 Get argent est pour elle. Ceci est pour vous, cela est pour 
 nous. A qui est cela ? Ceci est a moi, et cela est a toi. Don- 
 nez-moi de ceci ou de cela. 
 
 ISO. Thou hast not thought of (to) me. We have often 
 spoken of thee. Thy cousin is always against us. Is this knife 
 for you? Thy sister has (is) come with me. Thy cousins have 
 gone away before us. You went away (are gone away) after 
 them. For whom is this ? Is this for my brother ? This is for 
 thee, and that is for him. My sisters are ill; I am working to- 
 day for them. Our neighbor is very ungrateful to (envers) us. 
 Who has taken my pencil? Thy uncle has been to (chez) us 
 to-day. 
 
12 
 
 lo~. Singular. Rural, 
 
 me, me, to me nous, us, to us 
 
 te, thee, to thee vous, you, to you 
 
 lui, to him, to her, to it leur, them, to them 
 se, himself, herself, itself se, themselves, one another 
 
 le, him, it les, them 
 
 la. her, it les, them 
 
 1'estampe (f.), the engraving montrer, to show 
 la bibliotheque, the library 
 
 Je te donnerai cette plume, si tu me prates ton crayon. 
 Ou est votre frere? Nous le cherchons depuis une heure; or, 
 il y a une heure que nous le cherchons. Ta soeur est tres- 
 appliquee; le maitre la loue toujours. As-tu vu mon cheval? 
 Je ne 1'ai pas encore vu. As-tu ma plume ? Non, je ne 1'ai 
 pas. Tu ne m'as pas dit que ton frere est malade. Mon cousin 
 t'a prte une plume. Je lui ai rendu sa plume. Yous ne lui 
 avez pas encore ecrit. Notre jardiniere est heureuse; son fils 
 lui a envoy e* cent francs. Je ne vous ai pas encore montrd ma 
 petite bibliotheque. Je vous montrerai aussi mes fleurs. Votre 
 fr&re nous a dit que vous aviez beaucoup de livres et beaucoup 
 de fleurs. Ces estampes sont tres-belles; je les ai reques de 
 mon oncle. Ou avez-vous achete ces beaux livres? Je ne les 
 ai pas achetes, c'est un cadeau de ma tante. Vos freres n'ai- 
 ment pas les livres; ils aiment trop le jeu. Je leur ai souvent 
 pr6te' mes livres. 
 
 158. I love thee, and thou blamest me. Thy brother loves 
 me, but thou dost not love me. This dog is not faithful, and 
 I do not like him. Where is thy sister ? Her mother is seeking 
 her. Where have you been ? We have been looking for you 
 (one seeks you) for (depuis) an hour. My uncle has given me 
 a beautiful book. I had written (to) him a letter. Has your 
 aunt been here ? Yes, I have told (to) her that you are ill. 
 
 A basket of fruit has been sent us (one has sent us ). 
 
 Charles will carrv these flowers for you; he will give them 
 
73 
 
 to jour gardener. My children love (the) flowers very much, 
 I will give them those which are in my room. 
 
 139. le m6me, la meme les memes, the same 
 
 je crois, I believe 
 Ces enfants s ? aiment. These children love one another. 
 
 Que cherches-tu? As-tu perdu ton canif? Ne le trouves- 
 tu pas ? Ne l'as-tu pas mis dans ta boite ? Je crois que mon 
 cousin Ta pris. Ton cousin ne 1'a pas pris. Je lui ai prete le 
 mien. II m'a rendu ma plume, mais il ne m'a pas encore rendu 
 mon canif. Je ne lui preterai plus rien. II ne rend jamais ce 
 qu'on lui prete. Ma soeur a le meme deTaut. Quand je lui 
 prete un livre, elle ne le rend pas. Nous rendons toujours ce 
 qu'on nous prete. Je vous preterai tout ce que j'ai. Mes amis 
 me rendent aussi ce que je leur prete; ils m'ont rendu ce matin 
 le crayon que je leur avais pret hier. Le pauvre homme est 
 venu; je lui donnerai un morceau de pain blanc et un verre de 
 biere. Ma cousine m'a ecrit. Je lui ai repondu que je lui 
 acheterais un joli chapeau, si elle e'tait toujours sage et appli- 
 que'e. Ces enfants ne s'aiinent pas, ils se battent toujours. 
 
 100. My sisters are always giving me (some) flowers. You 
 give me much money. The teacher never praises you; you are 
 not industrious. I have received the book which you (have) 
 sent me. I (have) found it, when I came (am come). If you 
 love me, I will also love you. I should love you, if you were 
 industrious. If you find my dog, I will give you five francs. 
 My brother is in (at) London: I have written to him, but he 
 has not yet replied to me. Our father has given us a basket 
 of fruit and a bottle of wine. These children are very poor, 
 some bread and money have been given to them (one has given 
 to them, etc.). My uncle has given me every thing that he had 
 (all that which he had). 
 
 161. Me cherchez-vous ? M'avez-vous oublid ? Te cherche- 
 t-il? T'a-t-il donnd des poinmes ? Le trouvez-vous? L'avez- 
 vous dej& vu? Cette maison est-elle k vous ? La vendez-vous? 
 Ne la vendez-vous pas ? Votre frSre est-il parti ? Lui avez-vous 
 
74 
 
 e'crit ? Tous a-t-il r^pondu ? Ne lui avez-vous pas encore e'crit ? 
 Ne vous a-t-il pas encore re'pondu? Yotre soeur est-elle malade ? 
 Lui avez-vous achete' du sucre? Yous a-t-elle parle de moi? 
 Nous attend-on? Nous a-t-on envoy e des has et des souliers? 
 Yous trouvera-t-il aujourd'nui ? Yous a-t-il parle' de mon 
 malheur? Avez-vous oublid vos devoirs ? Les rernplissez-vous 
 toujours? Ne les avez-vous pas encore remplis? Avez-vous 
 parle' a mes cousins ? Leur avez-vous rendu le livre qu'ils vous 
 ont pre'te'? Ne leur avez-vous pas dit que nous travaillons 
 ensemble ? 
 
 162. Wilt thou choose me? Will he find thee? Hast thou 
 told him that we are here? Is he contented ? Will he buy it? 
 Hast thou read it ? Has he punished you ? Will he answer 
 us ? Will he look for it ? Where are thy books ? Hast thou 
 laid them on the table ? Where are my shoes ? Who has taken 
 them? Have (are) your brothers come? Have you given your 
 engraving to them? Has your mother sent the servants (m.) 
 to them ? Is the maid-servant ill ? Have they gone for (est-on 
 alle chercher) the physician? Has he given the wine to him? 
 
 163. me le, it to me nous le, it to us 
 
 me les, them to me nous les, them to us 
 te le, it to thee vous le, it to you 
 
 te les, them to thee vous les, them to you 
 
 je vous le donne, / give it to je ne vous le donne pas, / do 
 
 you not give it to you 
 
 vous le donnd-je ? do I give it ne vous le donne-je pas ? do I 
 
 to you? not give it to you? 
 
 demander, to demand^ beg, ddsirer, to desire, ivish for 
 
 ask, ask for refuser, to refuse 
 
 conseiller,o advise, recommend de'fendre, to defend, forbid 
 tu promets, thou promisest 
 
 Avez-vous lu le livre ? Yotre frere me le donnera, quand 
 il 1'aura lu. Tu as demande' mon canif; je te le prterai, si tu 
 
promets de me le rendre. Tu m'as pretd hier ta plume; je te 
 la reudrai demain. Le jardinier a rec,u les fruits; il nous les 
 vendra. Si j'avais rec,u les livres, je vous les preterais. Je 
 n'ai pas chante aujourd'hui; mon pre me 1'a deTendu. Je n'ai 
 pas encore vu tes estampes. Mon frere te les montrera. Dites- 
 moi pourquoi vous etes si triste. Je vous 1'ai deja dit. Yous 
 ne me 1'avez pas encore dit. Je ne vous 1'avais pas encore 
 demandd. Que me conseillez-vous ? Je ne vous le conseille 
 pas. II nous le refusera. M'avez-vous demande mon cheval? 
 Je vous 1'ai demande', mais vous me 1'avez refusd Yous ne 
 nous avez pas encore pay notre chien. Je ne vous le paierai 
 jamais. Que ddsirez-vous ? 
 
 164. Where is my book? I have lent it to thee. I will return 
 it to thee ; I have lent it to my cousin. If you wish for it, he 
 will give it (to) you with much pleasure. He has not refused it 
 (to) us; he never refused (to) me what I have asked (to) him. 
 I would not recommend it to you, if you were not so modest. 
 Our neighbor has received many flowers; he will sell them to 
 us. I have seen two beautiful dogs; I will buy them for you. 
 We will not play to-day; the teacher has forbidden us (it to us). 
 What do you advise me ? 
 
 165. le lui, it to Mm le leur, il to them 
 
 les lui, them to him les leur, them to them 
 
 je le lui donne, / give it to je ne le lui donne pas ; I do not 
 him give it to him 
 
 le lui donne-je ? do I give it to ne le lui donne'-je pas? do I not 
 him? give it to him? 
 
 la canne, the cane promis, promised voulu, wished 
 
 Yous m'avez vendu votre encrier, vous ne me 1'avez pas 
 pretd. Je t'ai prete mon livre, je ne te 1'ai pas vendu. II m'a 
 demande* mon canif ; je ne le lui ai pas donnd. Elle t'a demande' 
 ton crayon, pourquoi ne le lui as-tu pas donn ? Si vous m'a- 
 viez demands' mon chien, je ne vous 1'aurais pas refuse*. Si 
 mes amis me demandent mon cheval, je ne le leur refuserai 
 
76 
 
 pas. Mon frere m'a demand^ ma canne, je la lui donnerat 
 Yous m'avcz promis votre oiseau, mais vous ne me 1'avez pas 
 donnd. Si je te Tai promis, je te le donnerai. Nous aurons 
 aujourd'hui un nouveau cheval; notre pere nous 1'a promis. 
 Mon ami donnera un petit chat a mes soeurs; il le leur a 
 promis hier. 
 
 166. My son has asked me for a horse; I will not refuse it 
 (to) him. "We shall have a new inkstand to-day; my mother 
 has promised it to me. The gardener's child has asked you 
 for the knife; why have you not lent it to him ? My friends 
 have asked you for this book; why have you not lent it to 
 them? Where are John's boots? At the shoemaker's; the 
 servant will bring them to him in an hour. Who has given a 
 present to the children ? My aunt lias given it to them. 
 
 167. la cuiller, or cuillere, the spoon la soie, the silk 
 la prune, the plum lire, to read 
 
 Ou est mon encrier? Me le rendezvous? Ou est mon 
 livre ? Me 1'avez-vous rendu ? As-tu vu mon chapeau de soie? 
 Te l'ai-je montre ? Ton p6re a voulu lire ton livre; le lui as-tu 
 donne' ? Nous avons achete' un joli canif chez le libraire; nous 
 l'a-t-il envoye ? Ces messieurs demandent votre cheval ; le leur 
 avez-vous promis ? Si Francois avait une canne, te la prete- 
 rait-il? Ou est le chapeau de ma soeur? Le lui avez-vous 
 envoye? . Yous demandez pourquoi j'ai pris votre couteau; ne 
 mel'avez-vous pas vendu? Get enfant salit son habit; pour- 
 quoi ne le lui defendez-vous pas ? Je vous ai vendu une dou- 
 zaine de fourchettea et trois douzaines de cuillers; ne me les 
 paierez-vous pas ? Tu as vendu a cette dame une corbeille de 
 prunes; ne te les paiera-t-elle pas? Ma mere a achete' une 
 robe de soie pour ma soeur. 
 
 168. Where is my hat? I gave (have given) it to thee yes- 
 terday. Thou hast refused it to me. You had a beautiful dog; 
 you have sold him to us. These children have a beautiful book, 
 I have given it to them. He has lent the book to him, he has 
 not sold it to him. You have not promised it to us. These 
 
77 
 
 children have begged a book of (to) me, I have not given it to 
 them. Why do you not give us the inkstand? Have I not 
 promised it to you ? You have not promised it to us. If I had 
 promised it to you, I would also give it to you. Why do you 
 not pay me ? 
 
 169. 
 
 donnez-moi, give (to) me ne me donnez pas, do not give 
 
 (to) me 
 donnez-le-moi, give it to me ne me le donnez pas, do not 
 
 give it to me 
 donnez-lui, give to him, to her ne lui donnez pas, do not give 
 
 to him, to her 
 
 donnez-le-lui, give it to him, ne le lui donnez pas, do not 
 to her give it to him, to her 
 
 Yous avez un beau canif ; donnez-le-moi. Rendez-moi le 
 canif que je vous ai prt& Je vous ai prete deux plumes; 
 rendez-les-moi. Mon frere a demande votre crayon; donnez-le- 
 lui. Yous avez pris la canne de mon cousin; rendez-la-lui. 
 Yous avez achete des prunes chez cette femme; payez-les-lui. 
 Yous avez une belle montre; montrez-la-nous. Get enfant est 
 merchant; punissez-le. Cette femme est tres-pauvre; donnez- 
 lui un morceau de pain. Yos parents sont vos meilleurs amis; 
 aimez-les toujours. Ce canif n'est pas bon; ne 1'achetez pas. 
 Ma canne est perdue; ne la cherchez plus. C'est 1'encrier de 
 Guillaume; ne le lui rendez pas. Get habit est tres-beau; ne le 
 salissez pas. Remplissez toujours vos devoirs; ne les oubliez 
 jamais. Cette fille est tres-sage; ne la punissez pas. 
 
 170. This apple is very good; eat it. This plum is not good; 
 do not eat it. This book is very useful; lend it to me. Do not 
 lend it to him. Have you found your stockings? look for them. 
 Do not look for them. Your father is your best friend; obey 
 (to) him always; love him; never forget him. These horses are 
 very beautiful; sell them to me. These flowers -belong to my 
 sister; give them back to her. These fruits belong to the 
 children of our neighbor; give them back to them. Do not 
 eat them. 
 
78 
 
 Reflective Verb. Indicative Present 
 
 Affirmatively. 
 
 se laver, to wash one's self 
 je me lave, / wash myself 
 tu te laves, thou- washest thyself 
 il se lave, he washes himself 
 elle se lave, she washes herself 
 nous nous lavons, we wash ourselves 
 vous vous lavez, you wash yourselves 
 ils se lavent, they wash themselves 
 elles se lavent, they wash themselves 
 
 Interrogatively. 
 
 me lave'-je? do I wash myself? 
 te laves-tu? dost thou wash thyself? 
 se lave-t-il ? does he wash himself? 
 se lave-t-elle? does she wash herself? 
 nous lavons-nous ? do tee wash ourselves f 
 vous lavez-vous ? do you wash yourselves? 
 se lavent-ils ? do they ivash themselves? 
 se lavent-elles ? do they wash themselves? 
 
 Negatively. 
 
 je ne me lave pas, / do not wash myself 
 tu ne te laves pas, thou dost not wash thyself 
 il ne se lave pas, he does not wash himself 
 elle ne se lave pas, she does not wash herself 
 nous ne nous lavons pas, we do not wash ourselves 
 vous ne vous lavez pas, you do not wash yourselves 
 ils ne se lavent pas, they do not wash themselves 
 elles ne se lavent pas, they do not wash themselves 
 
 Negatively and Irderrogatively. 
 
 ne me lave'-je pas ? do I not wash myself? 
 ne te laves-tu pas ? dost thou not wash thyself? 
 ne se lave-t-il pas ? does he not ivash himself? 
 ne se lave-t-elle pas ? does she not wash herself? 
 ne nous lavons-nous pas ? do we not ivash ourselves? 
 ne vous lavez-vous pas ? do you not wash yourselves? 
 ne se lavent-ils pas? do they not wash themselves? 
 ne se lavent-elles pas? do they not wash themselves? 
 
79 
 
 se tromper, to deceive one's Be rejouir, to rejoice, to be re- 
 self, to be mistaken joteed 
 
 se porter, to carry one's self, se promener, to walk, take a 
 
 to be walk 
 
 se porter bien, to be well Be reposer, to rest 
 
 s'amuser, to be amused se hater, to make haste,to hurry 
 
 s'habiller, to dress one's self s'appeler, to be called, to be 
 s'affliger, to grieve named 
 
 BQ coucher, to go to bed Be lever, to rise, get up 
 
 la mort, death la journde, the day 
 
 Comment Be porte monsieur votre p&re? or, Comment 
 monsieur votre pere se porte-t>il ? II se porte tres-bien, depuis 
 qu'il est a la campagne. Et vous, comment vous portez-vous? 
 Je me pcrte toujours bien. Mes soeurs ne se portent pas bien. 
 Que faites-vous? Je m'habille. Vous habillerez-vous aussi? 
 Nous nous habillerons plus tard. Charles, ne te laveras-tu pas 
 aujourd'hui? Je me laverai dans un moment. Mon oncle arri- 
 vera co soir; nous nous amuserons bien. Hatez-vous, il est 
 tres-tard. Je me rejouis de vous trouver. J'aime celui qui se 
 rejouit du bonheur de sea amis. Pourquoi vous affiigez-vous ? 
 Je m'afflige de la mort de mon cousin. A quelle heure vous 
 levez-vous ordinairement ? Je me leve toujours a six heures, et 
 je me couche a neuf heures. Mon frere se levera demain a troia 
 heures; il partira pour Baltimore. Nous nous levons plus tard 
 que vous. Autrefois nous ne nous levions pas si tard. Si vous 
 avez fini votre theme, nous nous promenerons un peu. Vous 
 vous promeriez toute la journe'e. Venez ici, reposez-vous un peu. 
 Comment s'appelle ce jeune homme? II s'appelle Henri. Et 
 vous, comment vous appelez-vous ? Je n^appelle Godefroi. 
 
 How does (Mrs.) your mother do? She is very ill. 
 How do your brothers do? They are very well. At what hour 
 does (Mr.) your father go to bed? He goes to bed at ten 
 o'clock, and rises at five. At what hour will your sisters rise 
 to-morrow ? They will rise at seven o'clock. My brother goes 
 
80 
 
 to bed later than I. Why does your uncle rise so late? 
 We will rest a little. When you have (shall have) written your 
 exercise, we will take a walk. I walk every day in my aunt's 
 garden. What is your neighbor called? What is your friend 
 called ? And you, what are you called ? I am named William. 
 My father and mother are rejoiced to see you. I am rejoiced to 
 find that you are happy. I love him (celui) who rejoices when 
 his friend is praised (when one praises his friend). What are 
 you doing, Henry? I am dressing (myself). Will the children 
 wash (themselves) ? They will wash (themselves) in an hour. 
 Has my brother come with Mr. Green? You are mistaken, your 
 brother will not come (ne viendra pas) to-day. I will make 
 haste and finish (make haste of to finish) my exercise. At what 
 hour does your uncle go to bed? He goes to bed at ten o'clock. 
 
 Affirmatively. 
 
 je me suis lave*, / have washed, did wash myself 
 tu t'es lave*, thou hast washed thyself 
 il s'est lave, he 1*as vxished himself 
 nous nous sommes lave*s, we have wasJied ourselves 
 vous vous etes lava's, you have washed yourselves 
 Us se sont lava's, they have washed themselves 
 
 Interrogatively. 
 
 me suis-je lavd ? have I washed myself? 
 t'es-tu lave*? hast thou washed thyself? 
 s'est-il lave*? has he washed himself? 
 nous sommes-nous laves ? have we loashed ourselves? 
 vous etes-vous lava's ? have you ivashed yourselves? 
 se sont-ils laves ? have they washed themselves? 
 
 Negatively. 
 
 je ne me suis pas lave*, / have not ivashed myself 
 tu ne t'es pas lave', thou hast not washed thyself 
 il ne s'est pas lave', he has not washed himself 
 nous ne nous sommes pas lave*s, we have not washed ourselves 
 vous ne vous etes pas lave*s, you have not washed yourselves 
 ila ne ee Bont pas lava's, they have not washed themselves 
 
81 
 
 Negatively and Interrogatively. 
 
 ne me suis-je pas lave* ? have I not washed myself? 
 
 ne t'es-tu pas lave* ? hast thou not washed thyself? 
 
 ne s'est-il pas lave' ? has he not washed himself? 
 
 ne nous sommes-nous pas lavds ? have we not washed ourselves? 
 
 ne vous &tes-vous pas lavds ? have you not washed yourselves? 
 
 ne se sont-ils pas lavs ? have they not washed themselves? 
 
 < _ ^ 
 
 P 
 je me suis couche* hier soir a / went to bed at ten o'clock last 
 
 dix heures, night 
 
 je me suis bien amuse* samedi, I was much amused on Saturday 
 
 toute la matine'e, all the morning 
 toute la soire'e, all the evening 
 tant, so much 
 dans peu de temps, in a little time 
 
 J'ai vu hier votre frere. Yous vous tes trompd, mon 
 frSre n'est plus ici. Je ne me suis pas trompe, je lui ai parld. 
 A quelle heure vous tes-vous couche's hier ? Nous nous sorn- 
 mes couche's a onze heures et demie. Mon frre ne s'est pas 
 encore levd. Ou avez-vous e'te'? Je me suis promene' toute la 
 matine'e. Je me reposerai un peu. Tes sceurs ne s'e'taient pas 
 encore habille'es, lorsque nous sommes venus. Pourquoi ne 
 vous tes-vous pas encore lave? Je me serais lave", si j'avais 
 eu de 1'eau. Nous avons dtd a la campagne la semaine 
 derniere, nous nous sommes bien amuse's. Mon voisin est trs- 
 malade; il s'est trop afflige' du malheur de son fils. Faites votre 
 theme; hatez-vous un peu; nous nous promenerons plus tard. 
 Rejouissez-vous, mes enfants, votre oncle arrivera ce soir. 
 
 Have you not yet asked him for it (it to him) ? You 
 went to bed that evening at eight o'clock; you always get up 
 late. Charles dresses (himself) quickly. Thou hast not yet 
 washed (thyself). He who gets up late, will never be well. 
 Who has lost his book? Have you lost it, Charles? You are 
 mistaken; I never lose my books. Will you walk to-day ? My 
 brother will walk to-day with his teacher, because he has been 
 very industrious. How do your sisters do? Are they not 
 
82 
 
 in (at) the country? I think that they are not very well. 
 Were you much amused yesterday? We are always much 
 amused (we amuse ourselves always well) when we are at our 
 aunt's. I am very tired, I shall go to bed in a little time. 
 Why do you make so much haste? It is not late yet; the 
 school has not yet begun. 
 
 175. en, of him, of her, of it, of them 
 
 en, with him, with her, with it, with them, some, any 
 y, there, thither, within 
 y, to it, to them 
 
 Avez-vous des pommes ? Have you any apples? 
 
 Oui, j'en ai. Yes, I have (some). 
 
 Etes-voQs content de cette Are you satisfied with this pen? 
 
 plume ? 
 
 Oui, j'en suis content. Yes, lam (satisfied with it). 
 
 Mon frere a-t/41 parte de cet Has my brother spoken of that 
 
 homme ? man? 
 
 Oui, il en a parld. Yes,he has (spoken of him). 
 
 le concert, the concert oui, yes 
 
 le theatre, the theater non, no 
 
 A-t-on parld de mon malheur ? Oui, on en a parM. Etes- 
 vous content de ce livre ? Oni, j'en suis content. Avons-nous 
 des plumes ? Oui, nous en avons. Avez-vous du pain ? Oui, 
 j'en ai. Mon fr&re est-il au jardin ? Non, il n'y est pas. Avez- 
 vous pensd a mon affaire ? Non, je n'y ai pas pensd. Avez- 
 vous ete au concert? Non, nous n'y avons pas dte. Totre 
 frere a-t-il des oiseaux? II en a beaucoup. A-t-il aussi des 
 fleurs? II n' en a point. Combien de freres avez-vous? J'en 
 ai trois. Avez-vous aussi une soeur ? Oui, j'en ai une. As-tu 
 requ des lettres? J'en ai requ une de mon pere. Seras-tu ce 
 soir chez monsieur Monge ? Je n'y serai pas. Avez-vous e'te' 
 au theatre ? Nous n'y avons pas encore dtd, 
 
 176. Have you any fruit? Yes, I have (of it). Have you 
 also any friends? No, I have none (of them). Has your aunt 
 many children? She has seven (of them). Has your cousin 
 
83 
 
 been to Rome ? No, he has not been there. How many pens 
 hast thou ? I have ten. Has thy sister written the letters ? 
 She has written three. Is your cousin in your room? She 
 was (there) ; but she is no longer there. Have you any flowers ? 
 Yes, we have (of them), but we do not give you any (of them). 
 
 177. m'en, some to me nous en, some to us 
 t'en, some to thee vous en, some to you 
 lui en, some to him, to her leur en, some to them 
 
 il m'en donne, he gives some to me 
 
 il lui en donne, he gives some to him, to her, to it 
 
 ii y a, there is, there are 
 
 il y avait, there was, there were 
 
 il est arrivd quelque chose, something has happened 
 
 arriver, to happen le monde, people 
 
 As-tu donnd du pain au pauvre ? Je lui en ai donnd. Si tu 
 ne lui en as pas encore donne", il t'en demandera. Mon cousin 
 a beau coup de fruits; il m'en donne tous les jours. T'en donne- 
 t-il aussi ? II nous en donne souvent. II n'aime pas les enfants 
 du voisin; il ne leur en donne jamais. Yous avez e'te' aujour- 
 d'hui au concert; je vous y ai vu. Y avez-vous vu mon oncle? 
 il y e'tait aussi. Non, je ne 1'y ai pas vu. II y avait beaucoup 
 de monde. Je n'y ai jainais vu tant de monde. On dit qu'il 
 est arrive^ un grand malheur. On en parle dans toute la ville. 
 Mon ami m'en a parle* aussi. 
 
 178. Have you been to Paris? I have never been there. 
 Has the teacher been to the church ? He has not been there. 
 My father has four horses; my uncle has three (of them). How 
 many apples have you? I have two. I have many pears; I 
 will give some (en) to my sisters. The king has (is) arrived in 
 (a) Berlin; we have spoken to him. These pens are good; 
 buy a dozen of them. The queen gives money to the poor; 
 people often speak of it (one speaks often of it). Have you 
 %ny bread? Yes, I have. 
 
84 
 
 179. du pain, bread, when some or any bread is meant 
 
 de bon pain, good bread, when so/Tie or any good bread is meant 
 
 de la viande, meat, some or any meat 
 
 de mauvaise viande, bad meat, some or any bad meat 
 
 des fleurs, flowers, some or any flowers 
 
 de belles fleurs, beautiful flowers, some or any beautiful flowers 
 
 de bon drap, some good cloth de bons fruits, some good fruit 
 du drap bleu, some blue cloth des fruits murs, some ripe fruit 
 
 Nous avons mangd de bons fruits. Yous avez bu de bonne 
 eau, mais YOUS avez bu de mauvaise biere. Donnez-moi de bon 
 papier. Ces messieurs ont de beaux jardins et de grandes 
 maisons. Nous avons bu du vin excellent. La servante a 
 achete' de bon sel, de bonne moutarde et de mauvais poivre. 
 Charles a lu des livres franqais. Yous avez des chiens fideles. 
 Mon oncle a de beaux chevaux. Cette demoiselle a de bonnes 
 amies, d'aimables freres et des livres utiles. Les Franqais ont 
 toujours eu de bons ge'ne'raux. Notre ge'ne'ral a de braves 
 soldats. Cette mere a des enfants tres-appliques. Nous avons 
 achete de tres-belles fleurs. 
 
 180. Here is good paper and good ink. We have drunk 
 bad wine and good beer. My uncle has beautiful gardens 
 and large meadows. We have faithful friends and amiable 
 brothers. This bookseller sells beautiful penknives. Our gar- 
 dener has excellent fruit. My mother has purchased for me 
 three pairs of black stockings. Give me better bread and 
 better meat. Have you any good mustard ? Have you any 
 good bread? Yes, we have. Have you any good books? No, 
 we have not. Do you sell white hats ? Tell me what you sell; 
 I will pay you well. 
 
 181. le savon, the soap rouge, red 
 1'essuie-main (m.), the towel chaud, warm 
 la patience, the patience froid, cold 
 
 le poisson, the flsh apporter, to bring 
 
 l'6tang (m.), the pond souhaiter, to wish 
 
 rarement, seldom, rarely settlement, only 
 
85 
 
 Ce marchand vend du papier, de 1'encre efc des plumes. 
 Apportez-moi de 1'eau, du savon, et un essuie-main. Souhaitez- 
 vous de 1'eau chaude ou de 1'eau froide ? Je vous donnerai des 
 pommes et des cerises, si vous tes sages et appliques. Mon 
 fr6re a de bonne encre et de bon papier. Nous avons eu de 
 beaux chiens. Tu as peu de patience, mon ami. Avez-vous 
 achete des crayons et des canifs ? Mon voisin vend de bonnes 
 plumes. Ma soeur a de jolis gants. Combien de livres franqais 
 avez-vous ? II y a des poissons dans cet e'tang. II y a beau- 
 coup d'oiseaux dans notre jardin. Votre cousin a peu de livres 
 et encore moins d'argent. Les bons maitres aiment les bons 
 e^coliers. Votre frre parle toujours de bon vin et de bons 
 fruits, mais rarement de belles estampes et de livres utiles. 
 
 182. Bring me some vinegar and oil, some knives and forks. 
 Hast thou any good pens and ink ? I have no good pens, but 
 I have excellent ink. Thy paper is good. I have bought some 
 very bad paper. Where did you find or buy (have you found) 
 these beautiful towels ? Our neighbor has bought some white 
 linen, red cloth, black hats, and beautiful stockings. You are 
 always speaking of dresses and of visiting (de visitcs), but 
 seldom of exercises and business. I do not like those who 
 speak only of their amusements, and who never think of their 
 duties. 
 
SECOND PART. 
 PARADIGMS. 
 
 I. DECLENSION. 
 
 Singular. Plural, 
 
 Nom. le pre, the father les pres, the fathers 
 
 Gen. da pere, of the father des peres, of the father 
 
 Dat. au pere, to the father aux peres, to the fathers 
 
 Ace. le pere, the father les pres, the fathers 
 
 Noin. la m6re, the mother les meres, the mothers 
 
 Gen. de la m&re, of the mother des meres, of the mothers 
 
 Dat. a la mere, to the mother aux meres, to the mothers 
 
 Ace. la mre, the mother les m&res, the mothers 
 
 Nom. 1'ami, the friend les amis, t7ie friends 
 
 Gen. de 1'ami, of the friend des amis, of the friends 
 
 Dat. a Tami, to the friend aux amis, to the friends 
 
 Ace. 1'ami, the friend les amis, the friends 
 
 Nom. mon frere, my brother mes freres, my brothers 
 Gen. de mon fr^re,o/my brother de mes freres, of my brothers 
 Dat. a mon frere, to my brother a mes freres, to my brothers 
 Ace. mon frere, my brother mes freres, my brothers 
 
 Nom. un jardin, a garden 
 Gen. d'un jardin, of a garden 
 Dat. a un jardin, to a garden 
 Ace. un jardin, a garden 
 
 Nom. une maison, a house 
 Gen. d'une maison, of a house 
 Dat. a une maison, to a house 
 Ace. une maison, a house 
 86 
 
87 
 
 II. CONJUGATION. 
 avoir, to have; eu, had 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 j'ai, I have j'aurai, / shall have ^ ^ 
 
 tu as, thou hast tu auras, thou wilt have 
 
 il a, he has il aura, he will have 
 jnous^avons, we have nous aurons, we shall have 
 
 vousjivez, you have vous aurez, you will have 
 
 ils ont, they have ils auront, they will have 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 j'avais, I had j'aurais, / should have 
 tu avais, thou hadst tu aurais, thou wouldst have 
 
 il avait, he had il aurait, he would have 
 
 nous avions, we had nous aurions, we should have 
 
 vous aviez, you had vous auriez, you would have 
 
 Us avaient, they had ils auraient, they would have 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai eu, I have had j'aurai eu, I shall have had 
 
 j'avais eu, I had had j'aurais eu, I should have had 
 
 tre, to be; ete, been 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 je suis, I am je serai, I shall be 
 tu es, thou art tu seras, thou wilt 'be 
 
 il est, lie is il sera, he will be 
 
 nous sommes, we are nous serons, we shall be 
 vous 6tes, you are vous serez, you ivill be 
 
 ils sont, they are ' ils seront, they will be 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 j'e'tais, I was je serais, I should be 
 tu e'tais, thou wast tu serais, thou ivouldst be 
 
 il e'tait, he was il serait, he would be 
 
 nous dtions, we ivere nous serions, we should be 
 
 vous e'tiez, you were vous seriez, you would be 
 
 ils e'taient, they were ils seraient, they would be 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai e*td, I have been j'aurai dte*, I shall have been 
 
 j'avais dte* ; I had been j'aurais e'te, I should have been 
 
88 
 
 parler, to speak; parld, spoken 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense. 
 
 Je parle, / speak je parlerai, / shall speak 
 
 tu paries, thou speakest tu parleras, thou wilt speak 
 
 il parle, he speaks \\ parlera, he will speak 
 
 nous parlons, we speak nous parlerons, we shall speak 
 
 YOUS parlez, you speak vous parlerez, you will speak 
 
 ils parlent, they speak i] s parleront, they will speak 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional 
 
 je parlais, I spoke je parlerais, I should speak 
 
 tu parlais, thou spokest tu parlerais, thou wouldst &c. 
 
 il parlait, lie spoke il parlerait, he would &c. 
 
 nous parlions, we spoke nous parlerions, we should &c. 
 
 vous parliez, you spoke vous parleriez, you would &c. 
 
 ils parlaient, they spoke ilsparleraient, they ivould&c. 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai parld, I have spoken j'aurai parle, I shall have spoken 
 j'avais parld, / had spoken j'aurais parl, I should have spoken 
 
 flnir, to finish; fini, finished 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 je finis, I Jinish Je finirai, / shall Jinish 
 
 tu finis, thou finishest tu finiras, thou wilt Jinish 
 
 il finit, he finishes il finira, he will finish 
 
 nous finissons, we finish nous finirons, we shall finish 
 
 vous finissez, you finish vous finirez, you will finish 
 
 ils finissent, they finish Ils finiront, 'they will finish 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional 
 
 je finissais, I finished Je finirais, I should finish 
 
 tu finissais, thou finishedst tu finirais, thou wouldst finish 
 
 il finissait, he finished il finirait, he would finish 
 
 nous finissions, we finished nous finirions, we should finish 
 
 vous finissiez, you finished vous finiriez, you would finish 
 
 ils finissaient, they finished ilsfiniraient, they would finish 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai fini, I have finished j'aurai fini, I shall have finished 
 j'avais fini, / had finished j'aurais fini, 1 should have 
 
89 
 
 veiidre, to sell; vendu, sold 
 
 Present Tense. .Future Tense, 
 
 je vends, I sell je vendrai, I shall sett 
 
 tu vends, thou sellest tu vendras, thou wilt sell 
 
 il vend, he sells il vendra, he will sell 
 
 nous vendons, we sell nous vendrons, we shall sell 
 
 vous vendez, you sell vous vendrez, you will sell 
 
 ils vendent, they sell ils vendront, they will sell 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional. 
 
 je vendais, / sold je vendrais, / should sell 
 
 tu vendais, thou soldst tu vendrais, thou wouldst sell 
 
 il vendait, he sold il vendrait, he would sell 
 
 nous vendions, we sold nous vendrions,we should sell 
 
 vous vendiez, you sold vous vendriez, you would sell 
 
 ils vendaient, they sold ils vendraient, they would sell 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'al vendu, I have sold j'aurai vendu, 1 shall have sold 
 j'avais vendu, I had sold j'aurais vendu, I should have sold 
 
 acheter, to l>wy; achete, Bought 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 j'achete, I buy j'acheterai, I shall buy 
 
 tu achetes, thou buyest tu acheteras, thou wilt buy 
 
 il achete, he buys il achetera, he will buy 
 
 nous achetons, we buy nous acheterons, we shall buy 
 
 vous achetez, you buy vous acheterez, you will buy 
 
 ils achetent, they buy ils acheteront, they will buy 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 j'achetais, / bought j'acheterais, / should buy 
 
 tu achetais, thou boughtest tu acheterais, thou wouldst buy 
 
 il achetait, he bought il acheterait, he would buy 
 
 nous achetions, we bought nousachete"rions,w;esft0wZd&w/ 
 
 vous achetiez, you bougJit vous acheteriez, you would buy 
 
 ils achetaient, they bought ilsacheteraient^Ae^/wo^^&wi/ 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai achete', I have bought j'aurai achete', I shall have bought 
 j'avais achete', I had bought j'aurais achete', I should have &c. 
 
90 
 
 appeler, to call; appele, called 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 j'appelle, / call j'appellerai, I shall call 
 
 tu appelles, thou callest tu appelleras, thou wilt call 
 
 il appelle, he caUs il appellera, Tie will call 
 
 nous appelons, we call nous appellerons, we shall call 
 
 vous appelez, you coll vous appellerez, you will call 
 
 ils appellant, they catt ils appelleront, they will call 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 j'appelais, I called j'appellerais, I should call 
 
 tu appelais, thou calledst tu appellerais, thou wouldst call 
 
 il appelait, he called il appellerait, he ivould call 
 
 nous appelions, we called nous appellerions,we should call 
 
 vous appeliez ; you called vous appelleriez, you would call 
 
 ils appelaient, they called ils appelleraient, they would call 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai appele*, ITiave called j 'aural appel^, I shall have called 
 j'avais appel^, I had called j'aurais appeld, J should have &c. 
 
 regler, to rule; regie, ruled 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 je regie, / rule je reglerai, / shall rule 
 
 tu regies, thou rulest tu regleras, thou wilt rule 
 
 il regie, he rules il reglera, he will rule 
 
 nous regions, we rule nous reglerons, we shall rule 
 
 vous rglez, you rule vous regler ez, you will rule 
 
 ils reglent, they rule ils regleront, they will rule 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 je r^glais, / ruled je reglerais, / should rule 
 
 tu re'glais, thou ruledst tu reglerais, thou wouldst rule 
 
 il reglait, he ruled il reglerait, he would rule 
 
 nous reglions, we ruled nous reglerions, we should rule 
 
 vous re'gliez, you ruled vous regleriez, you would rule 
 
 ils reglaient, they ruled ils regleraient, they would rule 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai re'gle', I have ruled j'aurai re'gle', / shall have ruled 
 
 j'avais r^gle, I had ruled j'aurais re'gle', / should &c. 
 
91 
 
 employer, to employ; employe, employed 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 j'emploie, I employ j'einploierai, I shall employ 
 
 tu emploies, thou employest tu emploieras, thou wilt &c. 
 
 il emploie, he employs il emploiera, he will &c. 
 
 nous employons, ive employ nous emploierons, we shall &c. 
 
 vous eraployez, you employ vous emploierez, you will &c. 
 ils emploient, they employ ils emploieront, they will &c. 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 j'employais, I employed j'emploierais, I should employ 
 tu employais, thou employ edst tu emploier ais, thou wouldst &c, 
 il employait, he employed il emploierait, he would &c. 
 nous employions, we employed nous emploierions, we should &c. 
 vous employiez, you employed vous emploieriez, you would &c. 
 ils employ aient, they employed ils emploieraient, they would &c. 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai employe", Zftave employed j'aurai employe', I shall have &c. 
 
 j'avais employe', I had &c. y&ureiisemi)\oj, I should have &c. 
 
 placer, to place; place, placed 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 je place, I place je placerai, I shall place 
 
 tu places, thou placest tu placeras, thou wilt place 
 
 il place, he places il placera, he ivill place 
 
 nous pi aeons, we place nous placerons, we shall place 
 
 vous placez, you place vous placerez, you will place 
 
 ils placent, they place ils placeront, they will place 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional, 
 
 je plaqais, I placed je placerais, I should place 
 
 tu placais, thou placedst tu placerais, thou wouldst place 
 
 il plac. ait, he placed il placerait, he would place 
 
 nous placions, ive placed nous placerions, we should place 
 
 vous placiez, you placed vous placeriez, you would place 
 
 ils placaient, they placed ils placeraient, they would place 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai placd, / have placed j'aurai place', I shall have placed 
 
 j'avais placd, / had placed j'aurais place'. I should have &c. 
 
92 
 
 manger, to eat; mange, eaten 
 
 Present Tense. Future Tense, 
 
 je mange, / eat je mangerai, / shall eat 
 
 tu manges, thou eatest tu mangeras, thou wilt eat 
 
 il mange, Tie eats il mangera, he will eat 
 
 nous mangeons, we eat nous mangerons, we shall eat 
 
 vous mangez, you eat vous mangerez, you will eat 
 
 ils mangent, they eat ils mangeront, they will eat 
 
 Imperfect Tense. Conditional 
 
 je mangeais, I ate je mangerais, I should eat 
 
 tu mangeais, thou atest tu mangerais, thou wouldst eat 
 
 il mangeait, he ate il manger ait, he would eat 
 
 nous mangions, we ate nous mangerions, we should eat 
 
 vous mangiez, you ate TOUS mangeriez, you would eat 
 
 ils mangeaient, they ate ils mangeraient, they would eat 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 j'ai mange, I have eaten j'aurai mange', I shall have eaten 
 
 j'avais mange, I had eaten j'aurais mange', I should have &c. 
 
 se troinper, to be mistaken 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 je me trompe, / am mistaken 
 tu te trompes, thou art mistaken 
 il se trompe, he is mistaken 
 nous nous trompons, we are mistaken 
 vous vous trompez, you are mistaken 
 ils se trompent, they are mistaken 
 
 Imperfect Tense. 
 
 je me trompais, / was mistaken 
 tu te trompais, thou wast mistaken 
 il se trompait ; he was mistaken 
 nous nous trompions, we were mistaken 
 vous vous trompiez, you were mistaken 
 ils se trompaient, they were mistaken 
 
_ 93 
 
 Future Tense. 
 
 Je me tromperai, / shall be mistaken 
 tu te troinperas, thou wilt be mistaken 
 il se trompera, he will be mistaken 
 nous nous tromperons, we shall be mistaken 
 vous vous tromperez, you will be mistaken 
 ils se tromperont, they will be mistaken 
 
 Conditional. 
 
 je me tromperais, / should be mistaken 
 tu te tromperais, thou wouldst be mistaken 
 il se tromperait, he would be mistaken 
 nous nous tromperions, we should be mistaken 
 vous vous tromperiez, you would be mistaken 
 ils se tromperaient, they would be mistaken 
 
 Compound Tenses. 
 
 je me suis trompe', / have been mistaken 
 je m'e'tais trompd, / had been mistaken 
 je me serai trompe', / shall have been mistaken 
 je me serais trompe', I should have been mistaken 
 
 Write the following exercises in all tenses: 
 
 je 1'ai, / have it 
 
 je ne Pai pas, / have it not 
 
 Pai-je? have I it? 
 
 ne l'ai-je pas ? have I not it ? 
 
 je le cherche, / look for it 
 
 je ne le cherche pas, / do not look for it 
 
 je lui donne, I give Mm 
 
 je ne lui donne pas, 1 do not give him 
 
 je le lui prte, / lend it Mm 
 
 je ne le lui pr6te pas, / do not lend it Mm 
 
 j'en parle, I speak of it 
 
 je n'en parle pas, / do not speak of it 
 
THIRD PART. 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 Note. The plural of French nouns is added only when irregular; adjectives 
 whose feminine differs from the masculine, are always given in full. 
 
 1. FRENCH AND ENGLISH VOCABULARY 
 
 containing all French words occurring in this book, with their meanings, 
 but only as used in the French Exercises. 
 
 A. 
 
 a, has 
 
 a, to, at, in; a la mode, in the fashion, 
 
 fashionable; a present, now 
 aboyer, to bark 
 achete, bought 
 acheter, to buy 
 achever, to complete, end 
 actif, active, active 
 Adolphe, Adolphus 
 1'aflaire (f.), the business, work 
 s'affliger, to grieve 
 I'Afrique (f.), Africa 
 l'age (m.), the age 
 agreable, agreeable, pleasant 
 (j')ai, (I) have 
 aimable, amiable 
 (il) aime, (he) loves, likes 
 (j')aime, (I) love, like 
 aimer, to love, like 
 alle, gone 
 
 allez, go, are going 
 1'ame (f. ), the soul 
 1'Amerique (f.), America 
 1'ami (m.), the friend 
 1'amie (f.), the friend 
 ramitie" (f.), the friendship 
 s'amuser, to be amused 
 1'an (m.), the year 
 
 1'anglais, English 
 
 1'animal, les animaux (m.), the animal 
 
 1'annee (f.), the year, chaque annee, 
 every year 
 
 1'annee bissextile (f.), leap-year 
 
 Aout (m.), August (month) 
 
 appeler, to call, name; s'appelle, is 
 called; s'appeler, to be catted, to be 
 named 
 
 1'appetit (m.), the appetite 
 
 apporter, to bring 
 
 applique, appliquee; diligent 
 
 appris, learnt 
 
 apres, after 
 
 1'arbre (m.), the tree 
 
 1'ardoise (f. ), the slate 
 
 1'argent (m.), the money, silver 
 
 arrive, arrivee; arrived; il est arrive 
 quelque chose, something has hap- 
 pened 
 
 arriver, to happen 
 
 arrose, watered 
 
 as, hast 
 
 1'Asie (f.), Asia 
 
 assez, enough 
 
 attendre, to wait 
 
 aujourd'hui, to-day 
 
 1'aune (f.), the eU 
 
 aussi, also, as 
 
95 
 
 1'Australie (f.), Australia, 
 
 autant, as much, as many 
 
 1'autre, the other 
 
 autrefois, formerly 
 
 autrement, otherwise, differently 
 
 avancer, to advance 
 
 avant, before 
 
 avec, with 
 
 (vous) avez, (you) have 
 
 (nous) avons, (we) have 
 
 Avril (m.), April 
 
 B. 
 
 le banquier, the banker 
 
 le has, the stocking 
 
 bas, basse, low 
 
 batir, to build 
 
 battre, to beat 
 
 beau, bel, belle, beautiful, fine 
 
 beaucoup, much, many 
 
 le beurre, the butter 
 
 la bibliotheque, the library 
 
 bien, well 
 
 le bien, the benefit, good, that which is 
 
 right, the property, estate, fortune 
 bientot, soon 
 la biere, the beer 
 blamer, to blame 
 blanc, blanche, white 
 la boite, the box 
 bon, bonne, good 
 le bonheur, (the) happiness 
 les bontes (f.), the kindness, good will 
 la botte, the boot 
 le boulanger, the baker 
 le bouquet, the nosegay X^ 
 la bouteiUe, the bottle 
 la brebis, the sheep 
 Bruxelles, Brussels 
 bu, drunk 
 
 c. 
 
 le cadeau, les cadeaux, the present 
 
 le cafe, the coffee 
 
 le cahier, the copy-book 
 
 la campagne, the country 
 
 le canif, the penknife 
 
 la canne, the cane 
 
 car, for, as 
 
 ce, cet, cette; ces; this, that; these, those 
 
 c'est, that is, it is 
 
 ce qui i that which, which, what 
 ce que ) 
 
 ce sont, these are, they are 
 
 ceci, this 
 
 ceder, to cede, give, yield 
 
 cela, that 
 
 celebrer, to celebrate 
 
 celui, celle; ceux, celles; that, those 
 
 celui-ci, celle-ci; ceux-ci, celles-ci; 
 
 this, these 
 celui-la, celle-la; ceux-la, celles-la; 
 
 that, those 
 cent, a hundred 
 cent un, a hundred and one 
 le, la centieme, the hundredth 
 la cerise, the cherry 
 la chaise, the chair 
 la chambre, the room 
 changer, to change, alter 
 la chanson, the song 
 chanter, to sing [bonnet 
 
 le chapeau, les chapeaux, the hat, 
 chaque annee, every year, each year 
 le chat, the cat 
 le chateau, les chateaux, the castle, 
 
 country-seat 
 chaud, chaude, warm 
 le chemin, the way, road 
 la chemise, the shirt 
 cher, chere, dear; dearly 
 cherche, sought 
 chercher, to seek, look for 
 le cheval, les chevaux, the horse 
 un cheveu, a single hair 
 les cheveux (m.), the hair 
 la chevre, the goat 
 chez, at the house of; chez moi, to or 
 
 at my house; chez le boulanger, at 
 
 the baker's; chez mon frere, to, at 
 
 my brother's; chez mon pere, at my 
 
 father's 
 le chien, the dog 
 
le chocolat, the chocolate 
 
 choisir, to choose 
 
 Chretien, Christian 
 
 cinq, Jive 
 
 cinquante, fifty 
 
 le, la cinquantieme, the fiftieth 
 
 le, la cinquieme, the fifth 
 
 le citron, the lemon 
 
 le coflre, the box, trunk 
 
 la colere, anger 
 
 combien ? how much, how many ? 
 
 commencer, to begin 
 
 comment ? how ? 
 
 le commerce, trade, business 
 
 le concert, the concert 
 
 connu, known 
 
 conseiller, to advise, recommend 
 
 content, contente; contented, pleased 
 
 centre, against 
 
 la corbeiUe, the basket 
 
 le cordonnier, the shoemaker 
 
 le corps, the body 
 
 corriger, to correct 
 
 se couchei, to go to bed 
 
 la couleur, the color 
 
 court, courte, short 
 
 le cousin, the (male) cousin 
 
 la cousine, the (female) cousin 
 
 le couteau, les couteaux, the knife 
 
 couter, to cost 
 
 la cravate, the cravat 
 
 le crayon, the pencil 
 
 cree, created 
 
 (je) crois, (I) believe 
 
 cruel, cruelle, cruel, fierct 
 
 la cuiller j 
 
 la cuillere ihe s P n 
 
 la dame, the lady 
 
 dans, in; danspeu de temps, in a little 
 
 time 
 
 le de, the thimble 
 Decemhre (m.), December 
 le defaut. the defect, fault 
 defendre, to defend, forbid 
 
 deja, already 
 
 demain, to-morrow 
 
 demander, to demand, beg, ask, ask for 
 
 demeurer, to live, dwell 
 
 demi, demie, half 
 
 demi-douzaine (f.), half a dozen 
 
 la demoiselle, the young lady 
 
 la dent, the tooth 
 
 depuis, since, ago 
 
 depuis quand ? since when, how long ? 
 
 le dernier, la derniere, the last 
 
 descendre, to descend, come down 
 
 desirer, to desire, wish for 
 
 deux, two 
 
 le devoir, the duty 
 
 Dieu, God 
 
 difficile, difficult 
 
 dimanche (m.), Sunday 
 
 dites, say, tell 
 
 dix, ten 
 
 dix-huit, eighteen 
 
 le, la dix-huitieme, the eighteenth 
 
 le, la dixieme, the tenth 
 
 dix-neuf, nineteen 
 
 le, la dix-neuvieme, the nineteenth 
 
 dix-sept, seventeen 
 
 le, la dix-septieme, the seventeenth 
 
 . the servant (m.f.) 
 la domestique 
 
 donne, given 
 
 dormer, to give 
 
 donnez-moi, give (to) me 
 
 dormi, slept 
 
 doucement, softly, gently, slowly 
 
 doux, douce, sweet, gentle 
 
 la douzaine, the dozen 
 
 douze, twelve 
 
 le, la douzieme, the twelfth 
 
 le drap, the cloth; de bon drap, some 
 
 good cloth; du drap bleu, some blue 
 
 doth 
 
 E. 
 
 Veau, les eaux (f.), the water 
 1'ecole (f.), the school 
 1'ecolier (m.), the scholar 
 
of 
 
 97 
 
 
 Pouter, to listen, listen to 
 
 e'crit, written 
 
 un ecu, a crown, dollar 
 
 effacer, to efface, strike out 
 
 effrayer, to frighten 
 
 1'eglise (f. ), the church 
 
 eleve, educated 
 
 elever, to bring up, educate 
 
 elle, she, it; elles, they, them 
 
 Emilie, Emily 
 
 employer, to employ, spend 
 
 en, in; of him, of her, of it, of them, 
 
 with him, with her, with it, with them, 
 
 some, any 
 
 encore, still, yet, again 
 1'encre (f. ), the ink; de 1'encre, some 
 
 ink, any ink 
 
 1'encrier (m.), the inkstand 
 1'enfant (m. & f . ), the child; des enfants, 
 
 some children, any children 
 ensemble, together 
 entre, between, among 
 envers, towards, to 
 envoye, sent 
 envoyer, to send 
 esperer, to hope 
 essayer, to try 
 
 Tessuie-main (m.), the towel 
 essuyer, to wipe, dry up 
 est, is; est a, belongs to 
 1'estampe (f.), the engraving 
 et, and 
 
 1'etang (m.), the pond 
 ete, been 
 etre, to be 
 
 1'etude (f.), the study 
 eu, had 
 
 1'Europe (f.), Europe 
 eux, they, them 
 exagerer, to exaggerate 
 excellent, excellente, excellent 
 
 F. 
 
 facile, easy 
 
 fait, (he) makes; made, paid (of a 
 
 faites, make, do 
 
 la famille, the family 
 
 la farine, the flour, meal 
 
 la faute, the fault, mistake 
 
 faux, fausse, false, treacherous, in- 
 sincere 
 
 la femme, the woman 
 
 le fer, (the) iron 
 
 la fete, the feast, birthday 
 
 le feu, les feux, the fire 
 
 Fevrier (m.), February 
 
 fidele, faithful 
 
 la fille, the daughter, girl 
 
 le fils, the son 
 
 fin, fine,yme 
 
 fini, finished 
 
 fiuir, to finish 
 
 la fleur, the flower; des fleurs, some 
 flowers, any flowers; de belles fleurs, 
 some beautiful flowers 
 
 la flute, the flute 
 
 font, make 
 
 fort, forte, strong 
 
 la fortune, the fortune 
 
 la fourchette, the fork 
 
 frais, fraiche, fresh, new 
 
 le franc, the franc, twenty cents 
 
 le frangais, French 
 
 Fran9ois, Francis 
 
 le frere, the brother 
 
 froid, froide, cold 
 
 le fromage, the cheese 
 
 le fruit, the fruit; de bons fruits, some 
 good fruit; des fruits murs, some 
 ripe fruit 
 
 G. 
 
 le gant, the glove 
 
 le general, les generaux, the general 
 
 Godefroi, Godfrey 
 
 grand, grande, large, long, tall, great 
 
 la grand'mere, the grandmother 
 
 gros, grosse, large, coarse 
 
 Guillaume, Wittiam 
 
 la guitare, the guitar 
 
98 
 
 H. 
 
 sliabiller, to dress one's self 
 
 1'habit (m.), the coat, dress, garment 
 
 se hater, to make haste, to hurry 
 
 haut, haute, high 
 
 Henri, Henry 
 
 1'heure (f. ), the hour, time of the day; 
 
 tout a 1'heure, presently, just now 
 heureux, heureuse, happy, fortunate 
 hier, yesterday 
 1'homme (m.), the man 
 honnete, honest 
 1'huile (f.), the oil 
 huit, eight 
 
 le, la huitieme, the eighth 
 1'humeur (f. ), the temper 
 ITiyene (f.), the hyena 
 
 I. 
 
 ici, here 
 
 ignorant, ignorante, ignorant 
 il, he, it; il aime, he loves, he likes; il 
 est arrive quelque chose, something 
 has happened; il fait, he makes, il 
 trouve, he finds; il vend, he setts 
 il y a, there is, there are 
 il y avait, there was, there were 
 ils, they 
 
 immortel, immortelle, immortal 
 ingrat, ingrate, ungrateful; unthankful 
 1'innocence (f.), innocence 
 instruit, instruite, learned 
 intelligent, intelligente, intelligent 
 
 J. 
 
 le jambon, the ham 
 
 Janvier (m. ), January 
 
 le jardin, the garden 
 
 le jardinier; the gardener (m.) 
 
 la jardiniere, the gardener (f.) 
 
 je, I; j'ai, J have; j'ai raison, I am 
 right; j'ai tort, J am wrong; j'aime, 
 I love, Hike; je parle, I speak; je 
 pense a vous, I think of you 
 
 Jean, John 
 
 jeter, to throw, throw away 
 
 le jeu, les jeux, the play, game 
 
 jeudi(m.), Thursday 
 
 jeune, young 
 
 la jeunesse, youth 
 
 joli, jolie, pretty 
 
 jouer, to play 
 
 le jour, the day 
 
 la journee, the day 
 
 Juillet (m.), July 
 
 Juin (m.), June 
 
 la, the 
 
 la, her, it 
 
 la, there 
 
 laborieux, laborieuse, industrious 
 
 le lait, the milk 
 
 la larme, the tear 
 
 las, lasse, tired 
 
 le latin, Latin 
 
 se laver, to wash one's self 
 
 le, the 
 
 le, him, it 
 
 le leur, it to them 
 
 le lui, it to him 
 
 les legumes (m.), the vegetables 
 
 les, the, them 
 
 les leur, them to them 
 
 les lui, them to him 
 
 la lettre, the letter 
 
 leur, leurs, their 
 
 le leur, la leur, les leurs, theirs 
 
 leur, them, to them 
 
 leur en, some to them 
 
 leve, lifted, raised 
 
 lever, to lift, raise; se lever, to rise.. 
 
 get up 
 
 le libraire, the bookseller 
 la ligne, the line 
 le lion, the lion 
 lire, to read 
 le livre, the book 
 la livre, the pound 
 la loi, the law 
 Londres, London 
 long, longue, long 
 
99 
 
 lorsque, when, at the time when 
 
 louer, to praise 
 
 Louis, Louis 
 
 Louise, Louisa 
 
 lourd, lourde, heavy 
 
 lu, read 
 
 lui, he, him; to him, to her, to it 
 
 lui en, some to him, to her, to it 
 
 lundi (m.), Monday 
 
 la lune, the moon 
 
 M. 
 
 madame, Mrs.; mesdames, Mesdames 
 mademoiselle, Miss; mesdemoiselles, 
 
 Misses 
 
 Mai (m.), May 
 la main, the hand 
 mais, but 
 
 la maison, the house 
 le maitre, the master 
 le mal, les maux, the evil 
 malade, sick, ill 
 le malheur, (the) misfortune 
 malheureux, malheureuse, unhappy, 
 
 unfortunate 
 
 la malle, the box, trunk 
 mange, eaten 
 manger, to eat 
 le marchand, the tradesman 
 mardi (m.), Tuesday 
 Marie, Mary 
 Mars (m.), March 
 Mathilde, Matilda 
 le matin, the morning 
 la matinee, the morning 
 me, me, to me 
 m'en, some to me 
 me le, it to me 
 me les, them to me 
 mechant, mecnante, naughty 
 le m&lecm, the physician 
 meilleur, meilleure, better; le meilleur, 
 
 la meilleure, the best; le meilleur 
 
 homme de la ville, the best man in 
 
 town 
 le meme, la meme ; les memes, the same 
 
 mener, to lead, guide, bring 
 
 le menuisier, the joiner 
 
 mercredi (m.), Wednesday 
 
 la mere, the mother; mon pere et ma 
 mere, my parents 
 
 le metal, les metaux, the metal 
 
 midi (m. ), midday, noon; midi et de- 
 mi, half past twelve 
 
 le mien, la mienne; les miens, les 
 miennes, mine 
 
 mieux, better 
 
 le, la millieme, the thousandth 
 
 minuit (m.), midnight 
 
 la minute, the minute 
 
 mis, put, laid 
 
 la mode, the fashion; a la mode, in 
 the fashion, fashionable 
 
 moderer, to moderate 
 
 modeste, modest 
 
 moi, I, me 
 
 le moineau, les moineaux, the sparrow 
 
 moins, less, fewer 
 
 le mois, the month 
 
 le moment, the moment 
 
 mon, ma, mes, my 
 
 le monde, the world, people 
 
 monsieur, Mr., messieurs, Messrs.; 
 ce monsieur, this gentleman 
 
 la montagne, the mountain 
 
 la montre, the watch 
 
 montrer, to show 
 
 le morceau, les morceaux, the piece 
 
 mordre, to bite 
 
 la mort, death 
 
 mortel, mortelle, mortal 
 
 le mot, the word 
 
 le mouchoir, the pocket-handkerchief 
 
 la moutarde, the mustard 
 
 mur, mure, ripe 
 
 K. 
 
 ne..jamais, not ever, never; no., pas, 
 not, no; ne. .plus, not more, no 
 more, no longer; ne. .point, not at 
 att, no 
 
 le negociant, the merchant 
 
100 
 
 nettoyer, to dean 
 
 neuf, neuve, new 
 
 neuf, nine 
 
 \e, la neuvieme, the ninth 
 
 noir, noire, black 
 
 le nombre, the number 
 
 non, TIO 
 
 notre, nos, our 
 
 le notre, la notre; les notres, our* 
 
 nous, we, us, to us 
 
 nous en, some to us 
 
 nous le, it to us 
 
 nous les, them to us 
 
 nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle, new 
 
 Novembre (m.), November 
 
 la nuit, the night 
 
 O. 
 
 obeir, to obey 
 
 Octobre (m.), October 
 
 Voiseau, les oiseaux (m.), the bird 
 
 en, one, people 
 
 1'oncle (m.), the uncle 
 
 onze, eleven 
 
 le, la onzieme, the eleventh 
 
 ordinairement, usually 
 
 ou, or 
 
 ou? where? 
 
 oublier, to forget 
 
 oui, yes 
 
 P. 
 
 la page, the page 
 
 le pain; thebread; du pain, some oread, 
 de bon pain, some good bread 
 
 la paire, the pair 
 
 le papier, the paper 
 
 parce que, because 
 
 les parents (m.), the relatives; mes 
 parents, my parents 
 
 paresseux, paresseuse, idle 
 
 (je) parle, (I) speak 
 
 parle, spoken 
 
 parler, to speak 
 
 partager, to share, divide 
 
 parti, partie, gone away, set out, de- 
 parted, started 
 
 la partie, the part 
 
 pas de, no 
 
 la passion, love, affection 
 
 la patience, the patience 
 
 pauvre, poor 
 
 payer, to pay, pay for 
 
 pendant, during 
 
 penser, to think; je pense a vous, 1 
 
 think of you 
 perdre, to lose 
 perdu, lost 
 le pere, the father; mon pere et ma 
 
 mere, my parents 
 personne. .ne, no one 
 petit, petite, small, short, little 
 peu, little, few 
 le peuple, the people 
 Philadelphia Philadelphia 
 la pierre, the stone 
 la place, the place 
 placer, to put, place, lay 
 le plaisir, the pleasure 
 la plante, the plant 
 pleure, cried, wept 
 pleurer, to cry, weep 
 la plume, the pen 
 la plupart, the greater part 
 plus, more 
 la poire, the pear 
 le poisson, the fish 
 le poivre, the pepper 
 la pomme, the apple; des ponrmes, 
 
 some apples, any apples 
 la porte, the door 
 porter; to carry, wear; se porter, (to 
 
 carry one's self), to be; se porter 
 
 bien, to be weU 
 posseder, to possess 
 pour, for 
 pourquoi? why? 
 la prairie, the meadow 
 preferer, to prefer 
 le premier, la premiere, the first 
 a present, now 
 prete, lent 
 prefer, to lend 
 
101 
 
 pns, taken 
 
 le prix, the price 
 
 se promener, to walk, take a walk 
 
 (tu> promets, (thou) promisest 
 
 promis, promised 
 
 prompteinent, quickly 
 
 prononcer, to pronounce 
 
 propre, proper, clean, neat 
 
 proteger, to protect 
 
 la prune, the plum 
 
 punir, to punish 
 
 Q. 
 
 la qualite, the quality 
 
 quand, when 
 
 quarante, forty 
 
 le, la quarantieme, the fortieth 
 
 le quart, the quarter 
 
 quatorze, fourteen 
 
 le, la quatorzieme, the fourteenth 
 
 quatre, four 
 
 quatre-vingts, eighty 
 
 le, la quatre-vingtieme, the eightieth 
 
 quatre-vingt-dix, ninety 
 
 le, la quatre- vingt-dixieme, the nine- 
 tieth 
 
 quatre-vingt-un, eighty-one 
 
 le, la quatrieme, the fourth 
 
 que? what? 
 
 que, that, than, as; whom, which, that 
 
 quel, quelle, quels,quelles, which, what 
 
 qui, who, which, that; who ? 
 
 le quintal, les quintaux, the hundred- 
 weight 
 
 quinze, fifteen; quinze jours, a fort- 
 night 
 
 le, la quinzieme, the fifteenth 
 
 R. 
 
 raison, right; j'ai raison, I am right 
 
 raisonnable, reasonable 
 
 le rameau, les rameaux, the branch 
 
 rarement, seldom, rarely 
 
 re9u, received 
 
 refuser, to refuse 
 
 regler, to ~vk, settle 
 
 la reine, the queen 
 
 se rejouir, to rejoice, to be rejoiced 
 
 remplir, to Jill, fulfil, do 
 
 rendre, to give back, to restore 
 
 rendu, paid (of a visit} 
 
 repondre, to answer, reply 
 
 se reposer, to rest 
 
 reste, remained, stayed, stayed behind 
 
 retourner, to return, go back 
 
 revenu, returned 
 
 riche, rich 
 
 rien..ne, nothing 
 
 rincer, to rinse 
 
 la robe, the gown, dress 
 
 le roi, the king 
 
 la rose, the rose 
 
 rouge, red 
 
 le ruban, the ribbon 
 
 S. 
 
 sage, wise, good (as to conduct} 
 
 salir, to soil, dirty 
 
 la salle, the room 
 
 samedi (m.), Saturday 
 
 s'appelle, is called 
 
 le savon, the soap 
 
 se, himself, herself, itself; themselves, 
 
 one another 
 sec, seche, dry 
 
 le second, la seconde, the second 
 la seconde, the second (of time} 
 seize, sixteen 
 
 le, la seizieme, the sixteenth 
 le sel, the salt 
 la semaine, the week 
 sense, sensee, sensible 
 sept, seven 
 
 Septembre (m.), September 
 le, la septieme, the seventh 
 la servante, the maid-servant 
 settlement, only 
 d, so, if 
 
 s'il vous plait, if you please 
 si .ne, if not, unless 
 
102 
 
 le slen, la * ienne, les siens, lea sien- 
 
 neo, his 
 six, six 
 
 le, la sixieme, the sixth 
 la Boeur, the sister 
 la sole, the silk 
 le soir, the evenlig 
 la soiree, the evening; toute la soiree, 
 
 all the evening 
 soixante, sixty 
 soixante et dix, seventy 
 soixante et onze, seventy-one 
 soixante-douze, seventy-two 
 le, la soixantieme, the sixtieth 
 le, la soixante-dixieme, the seventieth 
 le soldat, the soldier 
 le soleil, the sun 
 son, sa; ses, his, her, its 
 sont, are; sont a, belong to (are to) 
 sorti, sortie, gone out 
 souhaiter, to wish 
 le soulier, the shoe 
 la soupe, the soup 
 souvent, often 
 le succes, the success 
 le sucre, the sugar 
 sur, on, upon 
 
 T. 
 
 la table, the tabk 
 
 le tailleur, the tailor 
 
 tant, so much, so many 
 
 la tante, the aunt 
 
 tard, late 
 
 la tasse, the cup 
 
 te, thee, to thee 
 
 t'en, some to thee 
 
 tele, it to thee 
 
 te les, them to thee 
 
 le temps, the time, weather; dan a pen 
 
 de temps, in a little time 
 la terre, the earth, land 
 la tete, the head 
 le the*, the tea 
 le theatre, the {heater 
 le theme, the excrcis* 
 
 le tien, la tienne, les tiens, les tien- 
 
 nes, thine 
 le tigre, the tiger 
 toi, thou, thee 
 la toile, the linen 
 ton, ta, tes, thy 
 
 tort, wrong; j'ai tort, Jam wrong 
 toujours, always 
 tous les jours, every day 
 tout, every thing, att; quite 
 tout, toute, tous, toutes, aU; tout b 
 
 1'heure, presently, just now; tout le 
 
 monde, every body 
 la tranche, the piece, slice 
 le travail, les travaux, the work 
 travailler, to work 
 treize, thirteen 
 
 le, la treizieme, the thirteenth 
 trente, thirty 
 trente et un, thirty-one 
 trente-deux, thirty4wo 
 le, la trentieme, the thirtieth 
 tres, very 
 triste, sad 
 trois, three 
 
 le, la troisieme, the third 
 se tromper, to deceive one's self, to be 
 
 mistaken 
 
 trop, too much, too many 
 le troupeau, les troupeaux, thejlock 
 (il) trouve, ( he) finds 
 trouve, found 
 
 trouver, to find, meet with, like 
 tu, thou 
 
 U. 
 
 tin, une, a, an; one 
 1'un, 1'une, the one 
 utile, useful 
 
 V. 
 
 le vaisseau, les vaisseaux, the ship 
 (il) vend, ( he) setts 
 vendre, to sett 
 vendredi (m.), Friday 
 vendu, sold 
 
103 
 
 venez, come 
 
 venu, come 
 
 le verre, the glass 
 
 vert, verte, green 
 
 vertueux, vertueuse, virtuous 
 
 la viande, the meat; de la viande, some 
 
 meat, ara/mectf/demauvaise viande, 
 
 some bad meat 
 la vie, (the) life 
 Vienne, Vienna 
 vieux, vieil, vieille, old 
 vif, vive, lively 
 la ville, the town 
 le vin, the wine 
 le vinaigre, the vinegar 
 vingt, twenty 
 vingt-deux, twenty-two 
 vingt et un, twenty-one 
 le, la vingt et unieme, the twenty-first 
 
 le, la vingtieme, the twentieth 
 
 le violon, the violin 
 
 la visite, the visit 
 
 vite, quickly 
 
 voici, here is, here are 
 
 voila, there is, there are 
 
 le voisin ) , 
 
 lavoisine f ^e neighbor, m. <&f 
 
 volontiers, willingly 
 
 votre, vos, your 
 
 le, la votre, les votres, yours 
 
 voulu, wished 
 
 vous, you, to you 
 
 vous en, some to you 
 
 vous le, it to you 
 
 vous les, them to you 
 
 vu, seen 
 
 Y. 
 y, there, thither t within, to it, to them. 
 
104 
 
 2. ENGLISH AND FRENCH VOCABULARY, 
 
 containing all English words occurring in this book, with their meanings, 
 but only as used in the English Exercises. 
 
 a, an, un, nne 
 
 active, actif, active 
 
 Adolphus, Adolphe 
 
 to advance, avancer 
 
 to advise, conseiller 
 
 (the) affection, la passion 
 
 Africa, TAfrique (f.) 
 
 after, apres 
 
 again, encore 
 
 against, centre 
 
 the age, 1'age (m.) 
 
 ago, depuis 
 
 agreeable, agreable 
 
 all, tout, toute; tous, toutes; tout 
 
 already, deja 
 
 also, aussi 
 
 to alter, changer 
 
 always, toujours 
 
 America, 1'Amerique (f.) 
 
 amiable, aimable 
 
 among, entre 
 
 and, et 
 
 (the) anger, la colere 
 
 the animal, I'animal, les animaux (m.) 
 
 to answer, repondre 
 
 any, en 
 
 the appetite, Tappetit (m.) 
 
 the apple, la pomme; some apples, any 
 
 apples, des pommes 
 April, Avril (m.) 
 are, sont; are going, allez 
 arrived, arrive, arrivee 
 as, que, car, aussi; as many, as much, 
 
 autant 
 Asia, 1'Arie (f.) 
 
 to ask, ask for, demander 
 
 at, a; at the time when, lorsque; at the 
 house of, chez ; at the baker's, chez 
 le boulanger; at my father's, chez 
 xnon pere; to or at my house, chez 
 moi 
 
 August (month), Aout(m.) 
 
 the aunt, la tante 
 
 Australia, I'Australie () 
 
 B. 
 
 the baker, le boulanger; at the laker' 's, 
 chez le boulanger 
 
 the banker, le banquier 
 
 to bark, aboyer 
 
 the basket, la corbeille 
 
 to be, etre, se porter ; to be amused, 
 s'amuser; to be catted, s'appeler; to 
 be mistaken, se tromper; to be nam- 
 ed, s'appeler; to be rejoiced, se re- 
 jouir; to be well, se porter bien 
 
 to beat, battre 
 
 beautiful, beau, bel, belle 
 
 because, parce que 
 
 been, ete 
 
 the beer, la biere 
 
 before, avant 
 
 to beg, demander 
 
 to begin, commencer 
 
 (I) believe, (je) crois 
 
 belong, sont a; belongs to, est a 
 
 the benefit, le bien 
 
 the best, le meilleur, la meilleure; (Tie 
 best man in town, le meilleur homme 
 delaville 
 
 better, meilleur, meilleure 
 
105 
 
 between, entre 
 
 the bird, 1'oiseau, les oiseaux (m.) 
 
 the birthday, la fete 
 
 to bite, mordre 
 
 black, noir, noire 
 
 to blame, blamer 
 
 the body, le corps 
 
 the bonnet, le chapeau, les chapeaux 
 
 the book, le livre 
 
 the bookseller, le libraire 
 
 the boot, la botte 
 
 the bottle, la bouteiUe 
 
 "bought, achete 
 
 the box, la boite, le coffre, la malle 
 
 the branch, le rameau, les rameaux 
 
 the bread, le pain; some bread, any 
 
 bread, du pain; some, any goodbread, 
 
 de bon pain 
 
 to bring, mener, apporter 
 to bring up, clever 
 the brother, le frere ; to my brother's, 
 
 chez mon frere 
 Brussels, Bruxelles 
 to build, batir 
 
 the business, le commerce, I'aflaire (f.) 
 but, mais 
 
 the butter, le beurre 
 to buy, acheter 
 
 C. 
 
 to caU, appeler; is called, s'appelle 
 
 the cane, la canne 
 
 to carry, porter; to carry one's self, to be, 
 se porter 
 
 the castle, le chateau, les chateaux 
 
 the cat, le chat 
 
 to cede, ceder 
 
 to celebrate, celebrer 
 
 the chair, la chaise 
 
 to change, changer 
 
 the cheese, le fromage 
 
 the cherry, la cerise 
 
 the child, renfant(m. & f.); some child- 
 ren, any children, des enfants 
 
 the chocolate, le chocolat 
 
 to choose, choisir 
 
 Christian, Chretien 
 
 the church, 1'eglise (f.) 
 
 to clean, nettoyer 
 
 clean, propre 
 
 the cloth, le drap; some good cloth, de 
 
 bon drop; some blue cloth, du drap 
 
 bleu 
 
 coarse, gros, grosse 
 the coat, 1'habit (m.) 
 the coffee, le cafe 
 cold, froid, froide 
 the color, la couleur 
 come, venu, venez 
 to come down, descendie 
 to complete, achever 
 the concert, le concert 
 contented, content, contents 
 the copy-book, le cahier 
 to correct, corriger 
 to cost, couter 
 the country, la campagne 
 the country-seat, le chateau, les cha- 
 
 teaux 
 the cousin (m. &f.), le cousin, la 
 
 cousine 
 
 the cravat, la cravate 
 created, cree 
 cried, pleure 
 a crown (coin), un ecu 
 cruel, cruel, cruelle 
 to cry, pleurer 
 the cup, la tasse 
 
 the daughter, la fille 
 
 the day, le jour, la journ^e 
 
 (the) death, la mort 
 
 to deceive one's self, se tromper 
 
 December, Decembre (m.) 
 
 the defect, le defaut 
 
 to defend, defendre 
 
 to demand, demander 
 
 departed, parti, partie 
 
 to descend, descendre 
 
 to desire, desirer 
 
 differently, autrement 
 
106 
 
 difficult, difficile 
 
 diligent, applique, applign^e 
 
 to dirty, salir 
 
 to divide, partager 
 
 to do (his duty), remplir; do, faites 
 
 the dog. le chien 
 
 the dollar, 1'ecu (m.) 
 
 the door, la porte 
 
 the dozen, la douzaine 
 
 the dress, la robe, rhabit(m.) 
 
 to dress one's self, s'habiller 
 
 drunk, bu 
 
 dry, sec, seche 
 
 to dry up, essuyer 
 
 during, pendant 
 
 the duty, le devoir 
 
 to dwell, demenrer 
 
 E. 
 
 each year, chaque annee 
 
 the earth, la terre 
 
 easy, facile 
 
 to eat, manger 
 
 eaten, mange 
 
 to educate, clever 
 
 educated, eleve 
 
 to efface, eflacer 
 
 eight, huit 
 
 eighteen, dix-huit 
 
 the eighteenth, le, la dix-huitieme 
 
 the eighth, le, la huitieme 
 
 the eightieth, le, la quatre-vingtieme 
 
 eighty, quatre-vingts 
 
 eighty-one, quatre-vingt-un 
 
 eleven, onze 
 
 the eleventh, le, la onzieme 
 
 the eU, ratine (f.) 
 
 Emily, Emilie 
 
 to employ, employer . 
 
 to end, achever 
 
 English, 1'anglais 
 
 the engraving, 1'estampe (t) 
 
 enough, assez 
 
 the estate, le bien 
 
 Europe, ITSurope (f.) 
 
 the evening, le soir, la soiree; aU the 
 
 evening, toute la soiree 
 every body, tout le monde; every day, 
 
 tons les jours; every thing, tout; 
 
 every year, chaque anne'e 
 the evil, le mal, les maux 
 to exaggerate, exagerer 
 excellent, excellent, excellent^ 
 the exercise, le theme 
 
 F. 
 
 faithful, fidele 
 
 false, faux, fausse 
 
 the family, la famille 
 
 the fashion, la mode; fashionable, in 
 the fashion, a la mode 
 
 the father, le pere; at my father' a, 
 chez mon pere 
 
 the fault, la faute, le defaut 
 
 the feast, la fete 
 
 February, Fevrier (m.) 
 
 few, peu;/eicer, moins 
 
 Jierce, cruel, cruelle 
 
 fifteen, quinze 
 
 the fifteenth, le, la quinzieme 
 
 the fifth, le, la cinquieme 
 
 the fiftieth, le, la cinquantieme 
 
 fifty, cinquante 
 
 to fill, remplir 
 
 to find, trouver 
 
 (he) finds, (il) trouve 
 
 fine, beau, bel, belle; fin, fine 
 
 to finish, finir 
 
 finished, fini 
 
 the fire, le feu, les feux 
 
 the first, le premier, la premiere 
 
 the fish, le poisson 
 
 five, cinq 
 
 the flock, le troupeau, les troupeaux 
 
 the flour, la farine 
 
 the flower, la fleur; some or any beauti- 
 ful flowers, de belles fleurs 
 
 the flute, la flute 
 
 for, car, pour, pendant 
 
 to forbid, defendre 
 
 to forget, oublier 
 
10T 
 
 the fork, la fourchette 
 formerly, autrefois 
 the fortieth, le, la quarantieme 
 a fortnight, quinze jours 
 fortunate, heureux, heureuse 
 the fortune, la fortune, le bieu 
 forty, quarante 
 found, troiive 
 four, quatre 
 fourteen, qnatorze 
 the fourteenth, le, la quatorzieme 
 the fourth, le, la quatrieme 
 a franc, tin franc (twenty cents) 
 Francis, Fra^ois 
 French, le fran9ais 
 fresh, frais, fraiche 
 Friday, vendredi (m.) 
 the friend (m. &f.), 1'ami, 1'amie 
 the friendship, 1'amitie (f.) 
 to frighten, eflrayer 
 the fruit, le fruit; some good fruit, de 
 
 bons fruits; some ripe fruit,des fruits 
 
 murs 
 to fulfil, remplir 
 
 G. 
 
 the game, le jeu, les jeux 
 
 the garden, le jardin 
 
 the gardener (m. &f.), le jardinier, la 
 
 jardiniere 
 
 the garment, 1'habit (m.) 
 the general, le general, les generaux 
 gentle, doux, douce 
 this gentleman, ce monsieur 
 gently, doucement 
 to get up, se lever 
 the girl, la fille 
 to give, donner, ce"der 
 to give back, rendre 
 give (to) me, donnez-moj 
 given, donne 
 the glass, le verre 
 the glove, le gant 
 go, allez 
 
 to go back, retourner 
 to go to bed, se coucher 
 
 the goat, la chevre 
 
 God, Dieu 
 
 Godfrey, Godefroi 
 
 gone, alle, allee 
 
 gone away, parti, partio 
 
 gone out, sorti, sortie 
 
 good, bon, bonne; sage; the good will, 
 
 les bontes (f.), the good, that which 
 
 is right, le bien 
 the gown, la robe 
 the grandmother, la grand' mere 
 great, grand, grande 
 green, vert, verte 
 to grieve, s'affliger 
 to guide, mener 
 the guitar, la guitare 
 
 H. 
 
 had, eu 
 
 a (single) hair t un cheveu; the hair, 
 
 les cheveux 
 half, demi, demie; half a dozen, demi- 
 
 douzaine; half past twelve, midi et 
 
 demi 
 
 the ham, le jambeu 
 the hand, la main 
 to happen, arriver 
 (the) happiness, le bonheur 
 happy, heureux, heureuse 
 has, a 
 hast, as 
 
 the hat, le chapeau, les chapeaux 
 (I)have, (j')ai; (toe) have, (nous) avons; 
 
 (you) have, (vous) avez 
 he, il, lui; he finds, il trouve; he likes, 
 
 loves, il aime; he makes, il fait; he 
 
 setts, il vend 
 the head, la tete 
 heavy, lourd, lourde 
 Henry, Henri 
 her, son, sa, ses ; her, la, elle; to her, 
 
 lui; of her, en; herself, se 
 here, ici; here is, here are, voici 
 Tiers, le sien, la sienne; les siens, les 
 
 siennes 
 high, haut, haute 
 
108 
 
 him, le, lui; to him, ltd; of him, en; 
 
 himself, se 
 his, son, sa, ses; le sien, lasienne; les 
 
 siens, les siennes 
 honest, honnete 
 to hope, esperer 
 
 the horse, le cheval, les chevaux 
 the hour, 1'heure (f.) 
 the house, la maison 
 how, comment ? how many , combien ? 
 
 how much, combien? how long, 
 
 depuis quand ? 
 o hundred, cent 
 a hundred and one, cent un 
 fte hundred-weight; le quintal, les 
 
 quintaux 
 
 the hundredth, le, la centieme 
 to hurry, se hater 
 Me hyena, 1'hyene (f.) 
 
 I. 
 
 I, je, moi; / am right, j'ai raison; I 
 am wrong, j'ai tort; I like, I love, 
 j'aime; / speak, je parle; I think of 
 you, je pense a vous 
 
 idle, paresseux, paresseuse 
 
 if, si; {/. .not, si. .ne 
 
 if you please, s'il vous plait 
 
 ignorant, ignorant, ignorante 
 
 ill, malade 
 
 immortal, immortel, immortelle 
 
 in, dans, a, en; in a little time, dans 
 peu de temps 
 
 industrious, laborieux, laborieuse 
 
 the ink, 1'encre (f.); some ink, any ink, 
 de 1'eucre 
 
 the inkstand, 1'encrier (m.) 
 
 (the) innocence, 1'innocence (f.) 
 
 insincere, faux, fausse 
 
 intelligent, intelligent, intelligente 
 
 (the) iron, le fer 
 
 is, est; is called, s'appelle 
 
 it, il, elle, le, la; to it, lui, y; of it, en; 
 it to him, le lui; if to me, me le; it 
 to thee, te le; it to them, le leur; it to 
 us, nous le; it to you, vous le; it is, 
 c'eet 
 
 its, son, sa, see; le eien, la sienne; les 
 
 siens, les siennes 
 itself, se 
 
 J. 
 
 January, Janvier (m.) 
 John, Jean 
 
 the joiner, le menuisier 
 July, Juillet (m.) 
 June, Juin (m.) 
 just now, tout a 1'heure 
 
 K. 
 
 the kindness, les bontes (f.) 
 the king; le roi 
 
 the knife, le couteau, les couteaux 
 known, connu 
 
 IM 
 the lady, la dame; the young lady, la 
 
 demoiselle 
 laid, place, mis 
 the land, la terre 
 
 large, gros, grosse ; grand, grande 
 the last, le dernier, la derniere 
 late, tard 
 Latin, le latin 
 the law, la loi 
 to lay, placer 
 to lead, mener 
 
 (the) leap-year, 1'annee bissextile (f. ) 
 learned, instruit, instruite 
 learnt, appris 
 the lemon, le citron 
 to lend, preter 
 lent, prete 
 Zess, moins 
 the letter, la lettre 
 the library, la bibliotheque 
 (the) life, la vie 
 to lift, lever 
 lifted, leve 
 to like, aimer, trouver; Hike, j'aime; 
 
 he likes, il aime 
 the line, la ligne 
 the linen, la toile 
 the lion, le lion 
 to listen, listen to, ecouter 
 
109 
 
 pen; in a little time, dans pen de 
 
 temps 
 
 to live, demeurer 
 lively, vif, vive 
 London, Londres 
 
 long, long, longue; grand, grande 
 to look for, chercher 
 to lose, perdre 
 'lost, perdu 
 Louis, Louis 
 Louisa, Louise 
 (the) love, la passion; to love, aimer; 
 
 I love, j'aime; he loves, il aime 
 low, bas, basse 
 
 M. 
 
 made, fait 
 
 the maid-servant, la servante 
 
 make, faites; (they) make, font; to 
 
 make haste, se hater 
 (he) makes, (il) Mt 
 the man, I'homme (m.) 
 many, beaucoup; too many, trop 
 March, Mars (m.) 
 Mary, Marie 
 the master, le maitre 
 Matilda, Matbilde 
 May, Mai (m.) 
 me, me, moi; to me, me 
 the meadow, la prairie 
 the meal, la farine 
 the meat, la viande; some meat, any 
 
 meat, de la viande; some or any bad 
 
 meat, de mauvaise viande 
 to meet with, trouver 
 the merchant, le negociant 
 Mesdames, mesdames 
 Messrs., messieurs 
 the metal, le metal, les metaux 
 midday, midi (m.) 
 midnight, minuit(m.) 
 the milk, le lait [les miennes 
 
 mine, le mien, la mienne, les miens, 
 the minute, la minute 
 (the) misfortune, le malheur 
 Miss, mademoiselle; Misses, mesde- 
 
 moiselles 
 
 the mistake, la faute 
 
 to moderate, moderer 
 
 modest, modeste 
 
 the moment, le moment 
 
 Monday, lundi (m.) 
 
 the money, 1'argent (m.) 
 
 the month, le mois 
 
 the moon, la lune 
 
 more, plus 
 
 the morning, le matin, la matinee, att 
 
 the morning, toute la matinee 
 mortal, mortel, mortelle 
 the mother, la mere 
 the mountain, la montagne 
 Mr., monsieur 
 Mrs., madame 
 much, beaucoup; too much, trop; how 
 
 much ? combien ? 
 the mustard, la moutarde 
 my, mon, ma; mes 
 
 to name, appeler 
 
 naughty, mecnant, mechante 
 
 neat, propre 
 
 the neighbor (m. & f.), le voisin, la 
 
 voisine 
 
 never, ne. .jamais 
 new, neuf, neuve; nouveau, nouvel, 
 
 nouvelle; frais, fraiche 
 the night, la nuit 
 nine, neuf 
 nineteen, dix-neuf 
 the nineteenth, le, la dix-neuvieme 
 the ninetieth, le quatre-vingt-dixieme 
 ninety, quatre-vingt-dix 
 the ninth, le, la neuvieme 
 no, non; pas de; ne. .pas; ne. .point; 
 
 no longer, ne plus; no more, ne plus; 
 
 no one, personne. .ne 
 noon, midi (m.) 
 the nosegay, le bouquet 
 not, ne . . pas; not at all, ne . . point; 
 
 not ever, ne . . jamais ; not more, 
 
 ne plus 
 nothing, rien , , ne 
 
110 
 
 November, Novembre (m.) pleased, content, contents 
 now, a present ;just now, tout allieure the pleasure, le plaisir 
 
 the number, le nombre the plum, la prune 
 
 Q^ the pocket-handkerchief, le mouchoir 
 
 to obey, obeir thepond, 1'etang (m.) 
 
 October, Octobre (m.) poor, pauvre 
 
 of, de; of it, en ^ sses j' P ? 6 ^ 
 
 often, souvent fce pound la livre 
 
 old, vieux, vieil, vieille 
 
 </ie present, le cadeau, les cadeaux 
 presently, tout a 1'heure 
 
 only, segment le 
 
 y Q ^ promised, promis 
 
 the other Tautxe (thou} P r st > W promets 
 
 to pronounce, prononcer 
 o^Amr^autrement . proper, propre 
 
 our,, le, la notre; les notres protect protege* 
 
 !* to punish, punir 
 
 i^ page, la page puf, mis 
 
 paid Co/ a visit), fait, rendu topuf, placer 
 the pair, la paire 
 
 tte paper, le papier [ma mere Q" 
 
 my parents, mes parents; mon pere et the quality, la qualite 
 
 the part, la partie; the greater part, la the quarter, le quart 
 
 plupart the queen, la reine 
 
 (the) patience, la patience quickly, vite, promptement 
 
 to pay, pay for, payer gw#e, tout 
 f/ie pear, la poire 
 
 the pen, la plume ** 
 
 f/ie penci/, le crayon to raise, lever 
 
 f/ie penknife, le canif [on raised, leve 
 
 the people, le peuple;peop/e, le monde, rarefy, rarement 
 
 the pepper, le poivre read, lu 
 
 Philadelphia, Philadelphie to read, lire 
 
 Me physician, le medecin reasonable, raisonnable 
 </ie piece, le morceau, les morceaux, la received, re9u 
 
 tranche to recommend, conseiller 
 
 the place, la place red, rouge 
 
 to place, placer to refuse, refuser 
 
 the plant, la plante to rejoice, se rejouir 
 
 the play, le jeu, les jeux the relatives, les parents 
 
 to play, jouer remained, reste 
 
 pleasant, agreable to reply, repondre 
 
Ill 
 
 to rest, se reposer 
 
 to restore, rendre 
 
 to return, retourner 
 
 returned, revenu 
 
 the ribbon, le ruban 
 
 rich, riche 
 
 right, raison ; I am right, j'ai raisoii; 
 
 i that which is right, le bien 
 
 to rinse, rincer 
 
 'ripe, mur, mure 
 
 to rise, se lever 
 
 the road, le chemin 
 
 the room, la chambre, la salle 
 
 the rose, la rose 
 
 to rule, regler 
 
 S. 
 
 sad, triste 
 
 the salt, le sel 
 
 the same, le, la meme, les memes 
 
 Saturday, samedi (m. ) 
 
 say, dites 
 
 the scholar, 1'ecolier (m.) 
 
 the school, 1'ecole (f.) 
 
 the second, le second, la seconds 
 
 a second, une seconde 
 
 to seek, chercher 
 
 seen, vu 
 
 seldom, rarement 
 
 to sett, vendre; (he) sells, (il) vend 
 
 to send, envoyer 
 
 sensible, sense, sensee 
 
 sent, envoye 
 
 September, Septembre (m.) 
 
 the servant (m. &f.), le domestique, 
 
 la domestique 
 set out, parti, partie 
 to settle, regler 
 seven, sept 
 'seventeen, dix-sept 
 the seventeenth, le, la dix-septieme 
 the seventh, le, la septieme 
 the seventieth, le, la soixante-dixieme 
 seventy, soixante et dix 
 seventy-one, soixante et onze 
 seventy-two, soixante-douze 
 
 to share, partager 
 
 she, ello 
 
 the sheep, la brebis 
 
 the ship, le vaisseau, les vaisseaux 
 
 the shirt, la chemise 
 
 the shoe, le soulier 
 
 the shoemaker, le cordonnier 
 
 short, court, courte; petit, petite 
 
 to show, montrer 
 
 sick, malade 
 
 the silk, la soie 
 
 the silver, 1'argent (m.) 
 
 since, depuis ; since when ? depuis 
 quand? 
 
 to sing, chanter 
 
 the sister, la soeur 
 
 six, six 
 
 sixteen, seize 
 
 the sixteenth, le, la seizieme 
 
 the sixth, le, la sixieme 
 
 the sixtieth, le, la soixantieme 
 
 sixty, soixante 
 
 the slate, 1'ardoise (f.) 
 
 slept, dormi 
 
 the slice, la tranche 
 
 slowly, doucement 
 
 small, petit, petite 
 
 so, si; so many, tant; so much, tant 
 
 the soap, le savon 
 
 softly, doucement 
 
 to soil, salir 
 
 sold, vendu 
 
 the soldier, le soldat 
 
 some, en; some to him, to her, to it, lui 
 en; some tome, m'en; some to thee, 
 t'en; some to them, leur en; some to 
 us, nous en; some to you, vous en 
 
 something has happened, il est arrive* 
 quelque chose 
 
 the son, le fils 
 
 the song, la chanson 
 
 soon, bientot 
 
 sought, cherche* 
 
 the soul, 1'ame (f.) 
 
 the soup, la soupe 
 
 the sparrow, le mojneau, les moineaux 
 
112 
 
 to speak, parler; I speak, je park 
 
 to spend, employer 
 
 the spoon, la cuiller, cuillere 
 
 started, parti, partie 
 
 stayed behind, reste, restee 
 
 still, encore 
 
 the stocking, le bas 
 
 the stone, la pierre 
 
 to strike out, eflacer 
 
 strong, fort, forte 
 
 the study, 1'etude (f.) 
 
 the success, le succes 
 
 the sugar, le sucre 
 
 the sun, le soleil 
 
 Sunday, dimanche (m.) 
 
 sweet, doux, douce 
 
 T. 
 
 the table, la table 
 
 the tailor, le tailleur 
 
 to take a walk, se promener 
 
 taken, pris 
 
 to talk, parler 
 
 tall, grand, grande 
 
 the tea, le the 
 
 the tear, la larme 
 
 tell, dites 
 
 the temper, rhumeur (f.) 
 
 ten, dix 
 
 the tenth, le, la dixieme 
 
 than, que 
 
 that, those, ce, cet, cette, ces; celui, 
 
 celle, ceux, celles, celui-la, celle-la; 
 
 ceux-l&, celles-la; cela; that which, ce 
 
 qui; that is, c'est 
 
 that, qui, que that (conj.), que 
 the, le, la, les 
 the theater, le theatre 
 thee, toi, te 
 their, leva, leurs 
 theirs, le leur, la leur, les leurs 
 them, eux, elles, les ; to them, leur, y; 
 
 of Mem, en ; them to him, les lui ; them 
 
 to me, me les*; them to thee, te les; 
 
 them to you, vous les; them to them, 
 
 les leurs; them to us, les nous 
 
 themselves, se 
 
 there, la, y; toer is, there are, il y a; 
 
 there was, there were, il y avait 
 these are, ce sont 
 
 they, ils, eux, elles ; they are, ce sont 
 the thimble, le de 
 thine, le tien, la tienne, les tiens, les 
 
 tiennes 
 to think, penser; I think of you, je 
 
 pense a vous 
 the third, le, la troisieme 
 thirteen, treize 
 
 the thirteenth, le, la treizieme 
 the thirtieth, le, la trentieme 
 thirty, trente 
 thirty-one, trente et un 
 thirty-two, trente-deux 
 this, these, ce, cet, cette, ces ; celui, 
 
 celle, ceux, celles; celui-ci, celle-ci, 
 
 ceux-ci, celles-ci; ceci 
 thither, y 
 thou, toi, tu 
 thousand, mille 
 the thousandth, le, la millieme 
 three, trois 
 
 to throw, throw away, Jeter 
 Thursday, jeudi (m.) 
 thy, ton, ta; tes 
 the tiger, le tigre 
 the time, le temps; the time (of the 
 
 day), 1'heure ; at the time when, 
 
 lorsque 
 tired, las, lasse 
 to, at ; envers ; to my brother's, chez 
 
 mon frere; to or at my house, chez 
 
 moi 
 
 to-day, aujourd'hui 
 to-morrow, demain 
 together, ensemble 
 too many, too much, trop 
 the tooth, la dent 
 towards, envers 
 the towel, I'essuie-main (m.) 
 the town, la ville 
 (the) trade, le commerce 
 the tradesman, le marchand 
 
113 
 
 treacherous, faux, fausso 
 the tree, 1'arbre (m.) 
 the trunk, la malle, le coffre 
 to try, essayer 
 Tuesday, niardi (m.) 
 the twelfth, le, la douzieme 
 twelve, douze 
 
 'the twentieth, le, la vingtieme 
 twenty, vingt 
 
 the twenty-first, le, la vingt-et-tmieme 
 twenty-one, vingt-et-un 
 twenty-two, vingt-deux 
 two, deux 
 
 u. 
 
 the uncle, 1'oncle (m.) 
 
 to weep, pleurer 
 
 well, bien 
 
 wept, pleure* [quelles? 
 
 what? que? quel, quelle ; quels, 
 
 when, quand, lorsque 
 
 where ? ou? 
 
 which, qui, que ; quel, quelle, quels, 
 quelles ; ce qui, ce que 
 
 white, blanc, blanche 
 
 who ? qui ? of whom, de qui ? from 
 whom, de qui ? to whom, a qui ? for 
 whom, pour qui ? to/io, qui 
 
 whole, tout, toute 
 
 10% ? pourquoi ? 
 
 William, Guillaume 
 
 unfortunate, malheureux, malheureuse willingly, volontiers 
 
 ungrateful, ingrat, ingrate 
 
 unhappy, malheureux, malheureuse 
 
 unless, si. ...ne 
 
 unthankful, ingrat, ingrate 
 
 upon, sur 
 
 us, to us, nous 
 
 useful, utile 
 
 usually, ordinairement 
 
 V. 
 
 the vegetables, les legumes (m.) 
 
 very, tres 
 
 Vienna, Vienne 
 
 the vinegar, le vinaigre 
 
 the violin, le violon 
 
 virtuous, vertueux, vertueuse 
 
 the visit, la visite 
 
 w. 
 
 to wait, attendre 
 
 to walk, se promener 
 
 warm, chaud, chaude 
 
 the watch, la montre 
 
 the water, 1'eau, les eaux (f.) 
 
 watered, arrose 
 
 the way, le chemin 
 
 we, nous 
 
 to wear, porter 
 
 the weather, le temps 
 
 Wednesday, mercredi (m.) -^""fc, ,, 
 
 the wine, le vin 
 
 to wipe, essuyer 
 
 wise, sage 
 
 to wish, desirer, souhaiter, to wish 
 
 for, desirer 
 wished, voulu 
 with, avec; with him, with her, with it, 
 
 with them, en 
 within, y 
 
 the woman, la femme 
 the word, le mot [travaux 
 
 the work, 1'affaire (f.), le travail, les 
 to work, travailler 
 the world, le monde 
 written, ecrit 
 wrong, tort; lam wrong, j'ai tort 
 
 Y. 
 
 the week, la semaine 
 
 the year, 1'an (m.), I'annee (f.), each 
 year, chaque annee 
 
 yes, oui 
 
 yesterday, hier 
 
 yet, encore 
 
 to yield, ceder 
 
 you, to you, vous 
 
 young, jeune ; the young lady, la de- 
 moiselle 
 
 your, votre, vos 
 
 yours, le votre, la votre, les vStres 
 / or TH* ?<*A la jeunesee 
 { UNIVERSITY ] 
 
STEIGEH'8 German Series. 
 
 AHN'S German Primer. Edited by W. 
 
 GRAUEBT. Boards $0.45. 
 AHN'S German Beading Charts, 25 
 
 Plates with Hand-book for Teachers. By 
 Dr P. HENN. $1.00 
 
 The same. The 25 Plates mounted on 13 
 boards. $4.50 net. Varnished $6.00 net. 
 
 AHN'S German Script Charts. 4 Plates 
 mounted on 4 boards, varnished $1 25 net. 
 
 AHN'S First German Book. By Dr. P. 
 HENN. (Exercises in Beading, Writing, 
 Translation, and Conversation. Printed 
 in bold type and containing a very large 
 amount of German Script. Designed for 
 the lowest two grades.) Boards $0.25 
 
 AHN'S Second German Book. By Dr. 
 P. HENN. (Exercises in Beading, Writing, 
 Translation, and Conversation. Contain- 
 ing much German Script. With Dialogues, 
 Paradigms, Vocabularies [with the pro- 
 nunciation of all German words], Conver- 
 sational Exercises, Uncommon Styles of 
 German Type, and Specimens of German 
 Business Handwriting.) Boards $0.45, Half 
 Boan $0.60. 
 These two books together form: 
 
 AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lan- 
 guage. By Dr. P. HENN. First Course. 
 Boards $0.65, Half Boan $0.80. 
 
 *K?y to same. Boards $0.25 net. 
 
 AHN'S Third German Book. By Dr. P. 
 HENN. Boards $0.45, Half Boan $0.60. 
 
 *Key to same. Boards $0.25 net. 
 
 AHN'S Fourth German Book. By Dr. 
 P. HENN. Boards $0.60, Half Boan $0.80. 
 
 *Key to same. Boards $0.25 net. 
 
 AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lan- 
 guage. By Dr. P. HENN. Second Course. 
 (This contains AHN-HENN'S Third and 
 Fourth German Books together.) Boards 
 $1.00, Half Boan $1.25. 
 
 AHN'S Complete Method of the German 
 Language. By Dr. P. HENN. (AHN- 
 HENN'S First, Second, Third, and 
 Fourth German Books together.; 
 Strongly bound in Half Boau $1.75. 
 
 AHN'S Synopsis of German Grammar. 
 By Dr. P. HENN. Boards $0.60, Half Boan 
 $0.80. 
 
 AHN'S First German Reader. With 
 Notes and Vocabulary. By Dr. P. HENN. 
 Boards $0.60, Half Boan $0.80. 
 
 The same. With Foot-notes and Vocabula- 
 ry. Boards $0.60, Half Boan $0.80, 
 
 *Key to same. Boards $0.30 net. 
 
 AHN'S Second German Reader. With 
 Notes and Vocabulary. By Dr. P. HENN. 
 Boards $1.00, Half Eoan $1.20. 
 The same. With Foot-notes and Vocabu- 
 lary. Boards $1 .00, Half Boan $1.20. 
 *Key to same. Boards $0.50 net. 
 
 AHN'S Method of Learning the Ger- 
 man Language. Bevised by GUSTAVUS 
 FISCHEB. First Course, Boards $0.50. 
 SecondCourse.Boards $0.50. Both Courses 
 bound together, Half Boan $1.00. 
 
 Key to same. Boards $0.30 net. 
 
 AHN'S NewPractical and Easy Method 
 of Learning the German Language. 
 With Pronunciation by J. C. OEHLSCHUE- 
 GEB, Edition of 1873. First Course. (Prac- 
 tical Part.) Boards $0.60. Second Course, 
 (Theoretical Part.) Boards $0.40. Both 
 Courses bound together, Boards $1.00. 
 
 AHN'S First German Reader. With 
 Notes by W. GRAUERT. Boards $0.50. 
 Second German Reader. With Notes 
 and Vocabulary by W. GRAUEKT. Boards 
 $0.70. The two Readers bound together, 
 Half Boan $1.20. 
 
 KeytoAHN-GRAUERT'S First Ger- 
 man Reader, t Boards $0.30 net. to 
 Second German Reader. Boards $0.35 
 net. 
 
 AHN'S German Handwriting. With 
 Notes by W. GRAUEKT. Boards $0.40. 
 
 AHN'S Manual of German Conversa- 
 tion. Bevised by W. GRAUERT. Cloth $1.00. 
 
 AHN- (EHLSCHLMGER'S Pronoun- 
 cing Method of the GermanLanguage. 
 Designed for Instruction in Schools, and 
 for Private Study. (Edition of 1880.) First 
 Course : Exercises, Reader, Pronouncing Vo- 
 cabularies, Conversations, Collections of 
 Words, etc. Boards $0.80, Half Boan $1.00. 
 
 Second Course : Synopsis of German 
 Grammar. Boards $0.40, Half Boan $0.60. 
 
 Both Courses bound together, Boards 
 $1.15, Half Boan $1.40. 
 
 Key to same. Boards $0.40 net. 
 REFFELT'S First Book for School and 
 
 House. With Vocabulary. Boards $0.30. 
 REFFELT'S Second Book for School 
 
 and House. With Vocabulary. Bds. $0.50. 
 
 For Colleges and High Schools. 
 
 AHN'S Selection of Modern German 
 Comedies. 5 Numbers. Paper, each $0.25. 
 
 AHN'S German Dialogues. Dramatia 
 Selections. Number One. Boards $0.25. 
 
 AHN'S Selection of Modern German 
 Novels. Paper, from $0.20 to $0.40 each. 
 
 SCHLEGEL'S German Grammar tot 
 Beginners. Half Boan $1.25. 
 
 SCHLEGEL'S First Classical German 
 Reader. With Notes and Vocabulary. 
 Half Eoan $1.00. 
 
 SCHLEGEL'S Second Classical Ger- 
 man Reader. With Notes and Vo- 
 cabulary. Half Boan $1.50. 
 
 SCHLEGEL'S German and English 
 Vocabulary forConversational Exercises. 
 Boards $0.40. 
 
 *[These Keys will be supplied to teachers only upon their direct application 
 g to the publishers.] 
 
 E. Steiger & Co., 25 Park Place, New York. 
 
THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE 
 STAMPED BELOW 
 
 AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS tin Reader. 
 
 I WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN od Reference '* 
 THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY rear, with the 
 Al WILL INCREASE TO 5O CENTS ON THE FOURTH L $0.70; Cloth, 
 DAY AND TO Sl.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY 
 
 OVERDUE. tinReader. 
 Al :JESAB. CICERO, 
 
 
 
 B 
 
 sed, the third 
 
 A * DK 27 1932 
 
 took.) Boards. 
 
 ti 
 
 rs, bound to- 
 
 Cl 
 AH 
 
 If Roan, $1.50 
 
 H 
 
 
 in 
 B< 
 
 f\ iCMLl M Uirse.* By 
 xrr aJ * Essentials of 
 el Exercises, 
 
 *% JM 31 1933 
 
 ling Lessons, 
 20 
 
 P. 
 
 
 : t 
 
 OQT301941Y ^ s * 06 ! 
 
 Clc 
 
 -5c SEP 11 I 935 
 
 ds, $0.60; 
 for a one 
 
 
 
 rse in Latin 
 
 Clo 
 
 3 more time 
 
 . SEP 27 1935 
 
 
 I*' 
 
 7" for Be- 
 
 A $. JUL 4 1936 
 
 FEB181942P fe&S' 
 
 
 n Books, or 
 
 w 
 
 Cloth, $0.70 
 
 ID 
 
 ?. By Dr. 
 
 ASS 
 
 PO 
 
 is 
 
 eta, $1.50; 
 
 MAR 5 1943 Sir* 
 
 i MAR 141939 
 
 cond, and 
 ;heSZio.r 
 net, each), 
 
 th 
 an 
 
 cises, etc., 
 ^Ilflr91 Aft >nljupon 
 rVUg^l ^vp blishers. 
 
 Co *lAft -.^ 
 
 5. fi 
 
 titts. - *& IQ*~ 
 
 ynut 'WO 
 
 Hora- 
 fdrus. 
 
 Vergik 
 
 Fo: 
 
 ntius. 
 
 STEIGE 
 
 ner, see 
 
 A A> M 
 
 
 Latin 
 Propt 
 
 LD 21-50m-8,-32 English- 
 hological 
 
 E. Steiger & Co., 25 Park 
 
low prices. 
 
 anb 
 25 ]bl 
 
 s cmb 
 ace, Itctp orl 
 
 in all 
 
 ^C-X IW' \s V^l7t afc>vr r vot'f v*f *tfn" jygivf vt?f vi*f ^ 
 
 ^U^ and iPIaiw? Aliases, frflttmws, $^ 
 
 an& 
 
 either supplied at once, or imported within the shortest possible time 
 
 from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, England, France, Spain, Portugal, 
 
 Italy, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Sweden, Russia,' and other countries. 
 
 Direct Connections. Orders forwarded by Cable, if necessary. 
 
 attention is invited to the large number of Steiger's Catalogues and 
 Lists of Books and Periodicals in all Departments. 
 
Coivr& 
 
 lira, liny ' 
 
 Eu.-hera. 
 on 13 
 
 boar ' net 
 
 - Complete M*th<> of the German 
 SI. To 
 
 I-'imt G'-nnan Book. Boards : 
 
 ofe. Boar, 
 - together form ; 
 
 .". net 
 
 ; , . 
 
 fourth 
 
 AH\ 
 
 nut i, 
 -rl.OO. Half 
 
 mar, 
 
 ilf Roau 
 ibolary.! 
 
 -V-/// 
 Method. 
 
 Latin Vocal 
 
 First Latin' 
 
 cises mail 
 Boar - 
 *Key to saj'^e. 
 
 Sf'coml , 
 
 $0.80, Clot .i 
 *Xe/ to t 
 
 Third Latin J.- 
 
 Boards E 
 
 *A"- '/ net 
 
 Latin << 
 
 <v>ninal M^^^M 
 
 ' 
 ' 
 
 . 
 
 T 
 
 Second Cor 
 
 Cloth, $0.90 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 ' - '/" V.\ 
 
 Ma, 
 
 J-'irst La- 
 
 with : 
 from -i 
 
 
 '. 
 
 
 
 * ft"' net 
 
 
 
 PH! 
 
 I 
 1 
 /,f //<>< /, 
 
 aminaa. I 
 Vocabularies. I; 
 
 
 
 
 
 Latin I- 
 
 
 T *V ( O.. 
 
 /yfi' 
 
 7 
 
 N'ew York.