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AMERICAN
PALAEOZOIC FOSSILS:
A CATALOGUE
GENERA AND SPECIES,
NAMES OF AUTHOBS, DATES, PLACES OF PUBLICATION GROUPS OF ROOKS IK WHICH
FOUND, AND THE ETYMOLOGY AND SIGNIFICATION OF THE WOBDB,
AN INTRODUCTION
DEVOTED TO THE STRATIGBAPHIOAL GEOLOGY OF THE PAL2BOZOIO BOOKS,
BY S. A.. MILLBB.
CINCINNATI, OHIO:
PUBLIBHED BY THE AUTHOR, No. 8 W. THIRD ST.
I877.
Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1877, by
S. A. MILLER,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
Cincinnati Times Company Book and Job Rooms.
PREFACE
The Science of Geology rests upon the fossil contents of the rocks,
and, therefore, there can be but little knowledge 'of the science without
a knowledge of the fossils. Every one professes to take an interest in
Geology, although the complaint against the technical names is quite
general. This work may be regarded as a compilation of these technical
names in alphabetical order, with the signification of each, and in this
respect, it is a dictionary adapted to the use of every one, and designed
to remove the objections against the hard words used in the science. The
references to authors and publications are for the special benefit of the
describers of fossils and the students of palaeontology, while the Groups of
rocks are given for the convenience of collectors and students generally.
The general plan of the work will be, at once, apparent to the reader;
a few remarks, however, in regard thereto, may not be inappropriate.
The state of the science, at this time, does not admit of a very great
degree of certainty in the arrangement of Palaeozoic Fossils into fami-
lies; such arrangement must, therefore, be regarded as more or less pro-
visional. And, in this work, where a class could not be arranged into
families already limited and defined, with approximate correctness, the
attempt has been omitted. No new families have been proposed, with
the exception of three names, followed by the provisional interrogation
point in the Class Echinodermata. The new family names in the Class
Lamellibranchiata are used by Prof. James Hall in the fifth volume of the
Palaeontology of New York.
Each generic name is followed by the name of the author, the date
of the first publication, the title of the book in which it first appeared,
which is generally abbreviated, and the etymology of the word, which is
included within brackets. Valid names are printed in Roman letters.
Generic names, preoccupied, never defined, and where the fossils are
unknown in American palaeozoic rocks, or the names invalid for any
other reason, are italicized. The generic name always begins with a
capital letter, whether it is a valid or invalid name.
Each specific name, or as it was formerly, called the trivial name, is
followed with the name of the author, the date of the first publication,
the title of the book in which it appeared, which is generally abbreviated,
the Group of rocks in which the fossil is found when the Group is known ;
but otherwise the formation alone is given, and the signification of the
iv
PREFACE.
name included within brackets. The name of the Group of rocks is
generally abbreviated. Where the author, in the first instance, referred
his species to the wrong genus, such generic and specific name is
included within parenthesis immediately following the date of the publi-
cation. For instance, DeWiyris is a synonym for Spinfera, and many
species have been erroneously referred to it; such are written in this
manner: ■;
Spirifera arenosa, Conrad, 1838, (Delthyns arenosa), Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. sandy.]
Specific names never begin with capital letters.
The author has endeavored to quote from the original publications,
and for kindness and assistance in obtaining access to them, he expresses
his obligations to Prof. James Hall, of Albany, New York; Mr. 0. D.
Walcott, of Trenton Falls, New York ; Prof. Leo. Lesquereux, of Columbus,
Ohio, and to Mr. Thomas Vickers, the able and eflicient librarian of the
public library in the city of Cincinnati. A few of the works cited, how-
ever, were not within reach, and the references to these are therefore
second hand. In the attempt to make the catalogue of names complete,
within the scope of the work, the author visited several libraries and
otherwise used reasonable efforts for that purpose, but he has no doubt
that a few names have been omitted. The number of names in the book
is as follows:
Generic names in Roman letters, - 1,000
Generic names in Italic letters, 200
Specific names in Roman letters, - 8,000
Specific names in Italic letters, 2,000
Total number of genera and species, including
synonyms, etc., 11,200
Some of the authors of generic and specific names have not been
familiar with the Latin and Greek languages, others have been careless
in the exercise of their knowledge when forming the new words, and
many names have been misprinted for want of careful proof-reading.
For these and probably other reasons, the specific names under a single
genus have been found with masculine, feminine, and neuter termina-
tions; no uniformity has existed in the terminations added to proper
names, and words have been otherwise incorrectly formed. So univer-
sally have these errors prevailed, that the author found in some Classes,
twenty-five per cent, of the names defective. In a conversation with
Prof. E. W. Claypole, of Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, (a gentle-
man thoroughly learned in the Latin and Greek languages) shortly before
commencing the publication, with regard to the etymology of words, and
the importance of following the laws of language in making the genders
of the adjective specific names correspond with those of the generic
terms, he very kindly proffered his assistance, for the purpose of making
all proper corrections in this regard. Publication was commenced in
February, and the proofs were sent to Prof. Claypole as rapidly as the
PREFACE.
matter was put in type for his inspection and correction, but the matter
was published so rapidly that it frequently went to press before the
return by mail, of his proof. The greater part of the work, therefore, did
not have the benefit of his revision.
As an illustration, the genus Macrocheilua has been considered
masculine by all the authors, and consequently the specific names have
been made masculine. As Prof. Claypole did not read the proof, the
specific names are published here in the masculine, as the authors made
them; but on his authority the species under the genera Temnocheilus,
Solenocheilus, etc., have been changed from the masculine to the neuter
gender. It may be a question, however, whether usage has not made
such genera masculine. No such doubt can arise in the case of the words
ending in nema as, Cyclonema, Zoxonema y Dictyonema, etc., which have
been treated almost or quite uniformly by the authors as feminine ; for
nema is neuter, in both the Latin and the Greek languages, and there is
no reason whatever, for using it as feminine. Where specific names have
been formed in more genders than one under a single genus, there seems
to be no responsibility in correcting the errors and making the specific
names correspond in gender with the genus, and this has been done in
several hundred instances in this work. Perfection, however, has not
been reached in this publication, and for the purpose of rendering
greater assistance in that regard, the "Index of Genera" has been made
to indicate the gender of each genus, so that any one with a little
knowledge of Latin can make the species conform in gender with the
genus. The reader will know that generic names are usually coined
from Greek words, and specific names from Latin words or proper names
with Latin terminations.
In Latinizing specific proper names, no uniformity has ever existed,
nor can the author claim to have accomplished it in this work. Some
authors have used the terminations ianus, iana and ianum, while others
have used anus, ana and anum. The first impression was that the
former endings were proper, and consequently they were used in part
of this work; but the best authors use only the latter, and upon
reflection we were of the opinion that the latter endings are the
proper ones, and they were thereafter used in this work exclusively.
The reader is directed, therefore, to correct the proper names ending in
ianus, iana and ianum, which occur, in some instances, from the Polypi
to the Brachiopoda, by striking out the letter i and thus perfect this class
of words.
Again, no uniformity exists in specific proper names put in the geni-
tive case by adding the Latin ending i, where the proper names end in
6, y, etc. There seems to be no difficulty where the proper name ends in
a consonant, in accomplishing the desired purpose by adding a single i,
and generally where words of more than one syllable end in e, the same
purpose may be accomplished by changing the e to i\ but there are
words where positive difficulty exists, for instance ; Case, Casey, White,
Whity, Moor, Moore, Hoy, etc. Some would change the e into i in Moore
PREFACE.
and add i to Moor, so that in each case we would have the same specific
name moori, and so with White and Whity ; but there are very strong
reasons against such action. In this work, the words of one syllable
ending in e have sometimes been written with an i added, and at other
times made to end in ii, according to the rules of the British Associa-
tion, as casei and casii. But the author is of the opinion that the single
letter i in these words is to be preferred; thus casei, caseyi, whitei,
whityi, moori, moorei, hoyi, etc., for the following reason. The use of
such words is justified because the men have been in some way useful
to the science, and the preservation of their names is part of the history
of its growth, and can be defended with stronger reason than the use
of mythological names, even within the limits warranted by the rules of
the British Association, where a fanciful resemblance is made a test. A
man may devote ten, twenty, or thirty years of his life to the collection
of fossils, or he may devote as many years to the study and description
of them. In either case his services may constitute the entire history
of the fossils of a given locality, and in what way can the science be
better subserved than by perpetuating his name among the fossils he
discovered or defined ? If the reason for the use of his name is a good
one, it is equally strong to use it so that it will not be misunderstood, and
can not be made to represent an individual of a different name. The fact
that the name does not readily assume a Latin form is of slight weight,
in the opinion of the author, compared with the preservation of the
history of the science in perpetuating the names of those who have
devoted themselves to discover and systematize it.
At the request of the author, Prof. Claypole has written an essay
upon the rules of nomenclature, for this work, to which the reader is
referred for further light in the construction of words.
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALEONTOLOGY.
By PROF. E. W. CLAYPOLE, B. A., B. Sc, (London), Antioeh College, Yellow Springs, Ohio.
The Latin language is universally adopted in the scientific world for
naming species, fossil and recent, in both the Animal and Vegetable
Kingdoms. Linnaeus introduced the plan of limiting the name of a species
to two words, the former of which was generic and the latter specific, and
of making these terms in their formation comply with the rules of the
Latin tongue. Since his time, this plan has become the rule. At first,
terms were chosen expressing the character or characters which define
the genus or species, and such names constitute the perfection of
scientific nomenclature. But even Linnaeus soon found it impossible to
maintain this standard, and himself resorted to Homer's Iliad to find
names with which to christen the butterflies that thronged in upon him.
Hence we have Troilus, Danaus, Philenor, <fec. Such names are mere arbi-
trary, meaningless counters attached to the objects and only tenable by
an act of memory. They recall no character and are recalled by none.
Hence they are inferior to the former class of names. But if in Linnaeus'
day their necessity was evident, much more so is it to-day, when almost
every language and lexicon have been ransacked to find unpreoccupied
names for the hosts of natural objects for which they are required. In some
large genera, such for instance as Orthoceras, Orthis and Rhynchonella,
it has become exceedingly difficult to coin descriptive names which have
not been already thrown into circulation by some other author. This
will be evident to any reader in the number of specific names in the
catalogue marked "preoccupied," and one object is to provide a remedy
for the difficulty by enabling any one to see at a glance whether or not
any proposed name has been previously published by any American,
and to some extent, by any European author.
The conventional Latin of the Sciences differs somewhat from the
classical Latin of the schools. As a dead language, Latin is free from the
changes to which all living languages are subject, and as the most widely
studied of the dead languages, it forms an excellent means of communi-
cation between men of science in different countries. Words and com-
binations of letters have, however, been introduced alien to the genius
of the language, and some of them most barbarous and unmusical.
* NOTE.— This paper has been prepared at the request of Mr. S. A. Miller, the author of the
American Palaeozoic Fossils, and with the view of giving some assistance to palseontological
students and workers, in avoiding errors and improving the nomenclature of science. E. W. C.
viii CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALAEONTOLOGY.
Indeed their introduction cannot well be opposed, as they often offer
useful characters. But the laws of Latin should nevertheless control
their formation. They should be made, as nearly as possible, what the
Roman would have made them had they been introduced from outside
into the language while yet living. In this way no violence is done to it,
and in all countries words will be formed in a similar manner.
In the year 1862, a committee of the British Association for the
Advancement of Science, published a set of rules and recommendations
on the subject of Scientific nomenclature, the former of which may be
said to be a summary of the practice of the best scientific writers in all
lands, and therefore binding, and the latter have been, with a few ex-
ceptions, almost universally adopted. Thus, alluding to the point
above mentioned, the committee in its " Recommendations " says :
b. Barbarous names. — Some authors protest strongly against the introduction of exotic
words into our Latin nomenclature; others defend the practice with equal warmth. We
may remark, first, that the practice is not contrary to classical usage, for the Greeks
and Romans did occasionally, though with reluctance, introduce barbarous words in a
modified form into their respective languages. Secondly, the preservation of the trivial
names which animals bear in their native countries is often of great use to the traveler, in
aiding him to discover and identify species. We do not, therefore, consider, if such
words have a Latin termination given to them, that the occasional and judicious use of
them as scientific terms can be justly objected to.
In addition to drawing up a mere list of the North American Palaeo-
zoic Fossils, an attempt has been made to give some help to the many
workers in the palaeontological field towards rightly naming their
fossils at the outset. A mistake once in print is very difficult to
eradicate. It reappears, it crops out in some unexpected place and with
every reappearance has a new lease of life. Few who have not made
some study of the subject have any conception of the confusion now
existing in the nomenclature of science. The errors are of two kinds —
scientific and grammatical. To such a length has synonymy or the giving
of different names to the same species now arrived, that it not unfre-
quently happens that the common English name is more definite and
vivid, and therefore more useful than the Scientific. Read, for instance,
the twelve different names which have been given to the common Chain
Coral, from Fougt, in 1765, to Bronn, in 1835. This, in many cases, arises
from mistaken identification, which with all care must sometimes hap-
pen, but it arises in a still greater degree from the impossibility of learn-
ing what species have been found and what names have been given,
when they were given and by whom.
Another source of confusion is the erroneous nomenclature often
adopted. All whose duty calls them to the study of palaeontology are
not, and cannot be, classical scholars, and consequently not a few names
are formed in violation of the recognised rules of language. Some errors
of this kind have been corrected and a few rules are appended to aid
in preventing others.
o. Corrupted words.— In the construction of compound Latin words, there are certain
grammatical rules which have been known, and acted on for two thousand years, and
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALAEONTOLOGY. ix
which a naturalist is bound to acquaint himself with before he tries his skill in coining
zoological terms. One of the chief of these rules is, that in compounding words, all the
radical or essential parts of the constituent members must be retained, and no change
made except in the variable terminations. But several generic names have been lately
introduced which run counter to this rule, and form most unsightly objects to all who are
conversant with the spirit of the Latin language. A name made up of the first half of
one word, and the last half of another, is as deformed a monster in nomenclature as a
mermaid or a centaur would be in zoology ; yet we find examples in the names Corcorax,
(from Corvus and Pyrrhocorax), Cypsnagra (from Cypselus and Tanagra), Merulaxis (Merula
and Lynallaxis), Loxigilla (from Loxia and Fringilla), etc. In other cases, when the com-
mencement of both the simple words is retained in the compound, a fault is still committed
by cutting off too much of the radical and vital portions, as is the case in Bucorvus (from
Buceros and Corvus), Ninox (Nisus and Noctua), etc.
I. Adjective generic names. — The names of genera are, in all cases, essentially substan-
tive, and hence adjective terms can not be employed for them without doing violence to
grammar. The generic names of Hians, Criniger, Cursorius, Nitidula, etc., are examples of
this incorrect usage. — Recommendations.
If a writer is unable to coin such a generic term •without falling into
these of other errors, it would be wise to abandon the attempt and form
one in another manner.
RULES FOR THE FORMATION OF NEW NAMES IN FAL2E0NT0L0GY.
a. Gender of generic terms. — A generic name should always be of
that gender which the laws of the language from which it is taken
demand. Definite rules cannot well be laid down, because the practice
of various languages differs on this point. In general, where no change
is made in the termination of the word which forms the end of a new
name, the gender of that word will determine that of the name. Thus,
the words, stoma, a mouth, and ceras, a horn, are both, in Greek, of the
neuter gender ; and, consequently, all the many compounds ending with
these words, such as Orthoceras, Platystoma, etc., must be of that gender
also, and have corresponding specific adjective terms. If the first
founder of a genus were to take the pains to ascertain the right gender
of his new name, and make his adjective terms accordingly, many errors
would be avoided, for subsequent authors, apparently without a thought,
in establishing a new species, coin a specific name of the same gender as
that originally published, and thus perpetuate and increase error. For
example, the word desma, a bond, like almost all Greek words ending in
ma, is of the neuter gender; and yet, in a work standing so high as
Woodward's Mollusca, we find Lyro desma plana, followed shortly after-
wards by Cochlodesma praetenue.
b. Gender of specific terms. — Every specific name must agree in
gender with that of the genus to which it belongs; and yet, owing to the
above and several other causes, this rule is incessantly overlooked or
violated, even by writers whose classical attainments are beyond doubt.
In few, if any, large genera do we fail to find two, if not all, the three
genders among the specific names. For instance, in the genus Recepta-
culites we have Receptaculites fungosum, R.globulare, R. formosus, R.
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALEONTOLOGY.
reticulata. Such terms, being mere errors, pure and simple, and involv-
ing no disputed or debatable point, may be reduced to accord without
difficulty.
c. Latin and Greek terminations.— The addition of these termina-
tions to old words often requires a previous change in those words the
following rules are offered as some assistance to those whose time does
not allow the consultation of authorities, scientific and linguistic. It is
not always easy for even a classical scholar to determine off-hand how
the Greeks or Romans would have made a word, had it been coined by
them while their languages were still living. Much examination and
collection of examples is necessary before certainty can be reached, and
in a few cases some doubt may then remain. These cases are, however,
very few, especially as the terminations employed in palasontology are
not numerous. The following rules will probably suffice to enable any
one with an elementary knowledge of the classic tongues to form cor-
rectly a new specific term, but nothing can give full immunity from
risk of error where some such knowledge is not possessed.
— alis. This Latin termination, implying resemblance, is seldom
used, except in words already compounded in Greek and Latin, and when
otherwise, it must be annexed to the stem of the word, as rectilateralis,
quadrilateralis.
— anus. This Latin termination implies resemblance or association,
and may be added to proper names, personal or local ; though in science
its use is almost confined to the former. If the word be capable of tak-
ing a classic form, the termination should be simply annexed to the stem
as Linnaeus, linnaeanus; Lesquereux, (lescuria) lescurianus; in con-
formity with classic usage; pagus, paganus; Claudius, claudianus;
Neapolis, neapolitanus. In other cases, the addition of this termination
must follow the same rule as those for ensis* as America, americanus;
Geinitz, geinitzanus ; Meek, meekanus ; Erie, erianus ; Italy, (ia)
italianus.
— atus. This Latin termination strictly implies the possession of the
thing to the name of which it is added. It is, therefore, affixed to the
stem of common names only, as costa, costatus; galea, galeatus; fornix,
fornicatus; sinus, sinuatus; stria, striatus, lobus, lobatus; rostrum,
rostratus. It is worthy of remark here that this termination sometimes
loses its at, to shorten the word. The practice is not commendable from
a linguistic standpoint, but some of the terms so made have become fixed
in the nomenclature, as Orthis biloba.
— formis. This Latin termination implies resemblance of shape, and
should be confined to Latin words, to the stem of which it should be
joined by the connecting vowel i, as laterna, laterniformis ,' pistillum,
pistilli formis. In forming terms, such as the first given above from
Latin words ending in a, the error of using ae as the connecting vowel
should be avoided ; being inconsistent with classic usage, as well as more
awkward and lengthy, thus we have from terra, terricola; gemma, gem-
mifer; squama, squamiger; tuba, tubiformis; etc.
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALAEONTOLOGY. xi
— ensis. This is a Latin termination, expressive of locality, and can-
not, therefore, be correctly employed except as an affix to the name of a
place. This rule has been traversed in few real, but in many apparent
instances. Lingula morsensis is an illustration of the former. In accord-
ance with law this has been changed to L. morsi, being given in honor
of Mr. Morse. Zygospira cincinnatiensis, Pupa vermilionensis, Car-
dium napoleonense, Athyris hannibalensis are apparent exceptions; but
these terms are formed from words, which, though originally personal or
trivial, have now become local names, and consequently no valid objection
can be raised against them. In using this termination the following
rules have been generally followed, and are therefore adopted here.
The exceptions are very few, and have been reduced into conformity :
1st. If the name of the place ends in a consonant the termination is
annexed to the word, as Clinton, clintonensis. 2d. If the name ends in
a or e, these letters are dropped and the termination then annexed, as
Canada, canadensis; Nebraska, nebrascensis; Minnesota, minnesotensis;
Iowa, iowensis; Indiana, indianensis ; Lasalle, lasallensis; Erie, eri-
ensis. 3rd. If the name ends in i, o or u, that vowel is retained, as
Mississippi, mississippiensis ; Missouri, missouriensis ; Chicago, chi-
cagoensis; Colorado, color adoensis; Chouteau, chouteauensis. 4th. If
the name ends in y, that letter becomes i upon the addition of the termi-
nation, as Kentucky, Tcentuchiensis ; Alleghany, alleghaniensis ; in accord-
ance with classic usage, as Sicily, siciliensis.
— i. The termination i is to be considered a mere indication of the
Latin genitive case, and custom, rather than correctness, has, in some
sense, legalized its addition to any name. In practice, however, it is
almost restricted to proper names. Thus we have Knighti, Littoni,
Flemingi, Ivesi. The Rule of the British Association on this matter
runs thus: "In Latinizing proper names, the simplest rule seems to be
to use the termination us, genitive i, when the name ends with a conso-
nant, and ius, gen. ii, when it ends with a vowel."
— icus. This Greek termination implies resemblance and may be
added to common names, under the same rules as those given for — ensis,
except that in forming the word, a vowel is suppressed if it would pre-
cede the termination; thus, Macedon, macedonicus ; Italy (ia), italicus.
It is little used, except in words already existing, as ellipticus, and,
therefore, needs no further notice.
— eus. This Latin termination has been occasionally employed, but
as it implies "made of," it is evidently seldom, if ever, admissible in palae-
ontology. The term eboraceus, from eboracum, the Latin name for
York, is a misnomer and should have been eboracensis.
— idae. This Greek patronymic has come into general use as a con-
venient termination to express the resemblance running through a
family.
B. It is recommended that the assemblages of genera, termed families, should be uni-
formly named, by adding the termination idse to the name of the earliest known, or most
typically characterized genus in them ; and that their subdivisions, termed subfamilies,
xii CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALAEONTOLOGY.
should be similarly constructed, with the termination inx. These words are formed by
changing the last syllable of the genitive case into idx or inn; as strir, Strigis, Strigidx,
Buceros, Bucerotis, Bucerotidx, not Strixklx, Bwstidse. — [Recommendations.
It should be borne in mind that in the termination — idae, the i is
short, but in — inae it is long.
— inus. This Latin termination is of wider application and classic
usage sanctions its application to both common and proper names, though
less commonly to the names of persons. Latin usage, however, restricted
its application more than modern scientific practice has done, and applied
it mainly to proper names, local terms and living beings; as caninus,
alpinus. Hence, such words as rugatinus, sulcatinus, secalinus, taxinus
and velutinus are at best suspicious if not illegitimate. This termination,
however employed, is subject to the laws given under — ensis.
— ites. This termination was early adopted by naturalists to express
the fossil nature of the specimen and so prevent confusion, while at the
same time expressing resemblance to some existing genus or species.
It is a contraction of the Greek word lithos, a stone. In most instances,
however, it coalesces with the last vowel of the root and becomes long
in compensation. This and long usage in many words, such as Ammo-
nites, Belemnites, Pyrites, have completely established the long i, while
the gender is determined by that of the Greek word to be masculine.
All specific terms in the genus must, therefore, be of this gender.
— oides. This Greek termination, signifying " like," should be added
only to the stems of words of Greek origin. No connecting vowel is
necessary, as one already exists in it. Thus we have dactylos, dacty-
loides; discos, discoides. A Latin form is often used, — oideus, which,
however, obeys the same laws ; except that the Greek termination is alike
in all genders, while the Latin is inflected as Latin adjectives of similar
termination.
d. Compound terms.— In forming compound terms as generic or spe-
cific names, care should be taken to connect them rightly. If an adjective
of three terminations or a noun of the second Latin declension composes
the former part of the word, either i or o may be employed as a connect-
ing vowel, the choice being largely determined by the ear. Thus sulco-
marginal is better than sulci- mar ginatus, and crassicaulis than cras-
socaulis. If, however, the adjective has but one or two terminations,
or the noun be of the first, third or fourth Latin declension, the connecting
vowel i should always be employed as tenuistriatus, pinniformis, ilici-
folius, retiformis, cornifer. The connecting vowel o is admissible by
Greek usage in all declensions, as Ulodendron, Cycloconcha, Syringo-
dendron, Alethopteris, Dictyonema, Dictyopteris, except that where the
first part of the word is an adjective ending in—ys, it is shorter and at
the same time consonant with classic usage to employ no connecting
vowel at all; thus, pachydermia, euryteines, oxynotus, Platy stoma, etc.,
are better than pacliyoderma, euryoteines, oxyonotus, Platyostoma, etc.
e. Spelling of new names. —
In writing zoological names, the rules of Latin orthography must be adhered to.
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALEONTOLOGY. xiii
In Latinizing Greek words, there are certain rules of orthography known to classical
scholars which must never he departed from. For instance, the names which modern
authors have written Aipuknemia, Zenophasia, poiocephala, must, according to the laws of
etymology, he spelt JEpycnemia, Xenopliasia, and pcecephala. In Latinizing modern words,
the rules of classic usage do not apply, and all that we can do is to give to such terms
as classical an appearance as we can, consistently with the preservation of their
etymology. In the case of European words, whose orthography is fixed, it is best to re-
tain the original form, even though it may include letters and combinations unknown in
Latin. Such words for instance as Woodwardi, Knighti, BullocH, EschscMtzi, would be
quite unintelligible, if they were Latinized into Vudvardi, CnicJiti, Bullocci, Essolzi, etc.
But words of barbarous origin, having no fixed orthography, are more pliable, and hence,
when adopted into the Latin, they should be rendered as classical in appearance as is
consistent with the preservation of their original sound. Thus, the words Tockus,
awsuree, argoondat, kundoo. etc., should, when Latinized, have been written Toccus, arwire,
argunda, cundu, etc. Such words ought, in all practicable cases, to have a Latin termina-
tion given them, especially if they are used generically.
This rule, with its limitations and exceptions has been not seldom
departed from in naming fossils. Many names have gained currency,
which are needlessly unclassical. At the same time, we meet with
marked examples of compliance. Such names as the following stand out
prominently — sancti ludovici, cestriensis, are far more correct and
pleasing than louisi and chesterensis, leseuriae or lescuri than lesquer-
euxi, while Lepidophloios, of Sternberg, should be spelled Lepido-
phlocus, in accordance with Latin rather than Greek custom.
It is almost unnecessary to add that when a new term is derived from
sources purely classical, care should be taken to spell it accurately, and
not to disguise or conceal its origin by any attempts to eliminate a letter
or two. This, however, has been sometimes done, as for instance, in the
name Stenocisma, Conrad, (in which the etymology is masked by the
misspelling) and which will be found written Stenoschisma.
f. Mythological nam.es. — In regard to the numerous mythological
names, especially those given by the late palaeontologist, to the Canadian
Survey, Mr. E. Billings, the following recommendations of the British
Association deserve notice:
d. Mythological or historical twines. — When these have no perceptible reference or allu-
sion to the characters of the object on which they are conferred, they may be properly
regarded as unmeaning and in bad taste. Thus, the generic names Lesbia, Leilus, Remus,
Corydon, Pasiphx,ha,ve been applied to a humming-bird, a butterfly, a beetle, a parrot, and
a crab, respectively, without any perceptible association of ideas. But mythological
names may sometimes be used as generic, with the same propriety as technical ones, in
cases where a direct allusion can be traced between the narrated actions of a personage
and' the observed habits or structure of an animal. Tfms, when the name Progne is
given to a swallow, Clotho to a spider, Hydra to a polyp, Athene to an owl, Nestor to a grey-
headed parrot, etc., a pleasing and beneficial connection is established between classical
literature and physical science. — Recommendations.
Mr. Billings was, probably, led to adopt the practice by the increas-
ing difficulty of finding unpreoccupied names and an unwillingness to
encumber the science with more synonyms.
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PALJEONTOLGY.
g. Personal names. —
g. Specific names derived from persons —So long as these complimentary designations are
used with moderation, and are restricted to persons of eminence as scientific zoologists,
they may be employed with propriety in cases where expressive or characteristic words
are not to be found. But we fully concur with those who censure the practice of naming
species after persons of no scientific reputation, as curiosity dealers (e. g. Caniveti Boisson-
eauti), Peruvian priestesses (Cora amazilia), or Hottentots (Klassi).
h. Generic names derived from persons.— Words of this class have been very extensively
used in botany, and therefore it would have been well to exclude them wholly from
zoology, for the sake of obtaining a memoria technica by which the name of a genus would
at once tell us to which of the kingdoms of nature it belonged. Some few personal
generic names have, however, crept into zoology, as Cuvieria, Mulleria, Rossia, Lessonia, etc.,
but they are very rare in comparison with those of botany, and it is, perhaps, desirable
not to add to their number.— Recommendations.
Another objection to this kind of name, so many of which have crept
into palseontological nomenclature of late years, is that they yield with
difficulty, in many instances, to the plastic hand of the classical linguist.
• The collector or student who stands godfather to a newly discovered
fossil, and seeks immortality for some friend or acquaintance by making
it his namesake, naturally wishes to keep the name as little changed as
possible, lest his purpose should in part fail. On the other hand the
classical scholar would rather see the name reduced in some degree to
Latin form so that it may offend the eye and ear as little as possible.
Between these two a contest arises, and hence we have various forms for
words which should be alike, as Barrandi, barrandei; Moori, moorei.
Perhaps in this respect it would be wisest to adopt the recommendations
of the British Association Committee, quoted on page xi, with a slight
modification, and add i for a genitive case where the name ends in a
consonant, in a, o or w, and ii when it ends in e, i or t y, omitting in the
latter case the final vowel of the name.
h. Nouns as specific terms. — In those cases, and they are numerous,
where a noun is used as a specific name, no change can be made in its
termination. Hence, however, inconsistent it may appear to some to
see Orthis biloba and Orthis circulus, Productus cora and Productus
costatus, side by side, such combinations are accurate. It may, however,
be added that adjective terms are preferable, whenever possible.
i. Inelegant names. — With the following extract we leave this part
of our subject:
Names of harsh and inelegant pronunciation. — These words are grating to the ear, either
from inelegance of form, as Huhua, Yuhina, Craxirex, Eschscholtzia ; or, from too great
length, as chirostrongylostinus, Opetiorhynchus, brachypodioides, thecodontosaurus, not to mention
the Eualiolimnosaurus crocodUoceplialoides of a German naturalist. It is needless to enlarge
on the advantage of consulting euphony in the construction of our language. As a gen-
eral rule it may be recommended to avoid introducing words of more than five syllables.
We have now pointed out the principal rocks and shoals which lie in the path of the
nomenclator, and it will be seen that the navigation through them is by no means easy.
The task of constructing a language which shall supply the demands of scientific accuracy
on the one hand, and of literary elegance on the other, is not to be inconsiderately
undertaken by unqualified persons. Our nomenclature presents but too many flaws and
CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN PAL.EONTOLGY. xv
inelegancies already, and as the stern law of priority forbids their removal, it follows that
they must remain as monuments of the bad taste or bad scholarship of their authors to
the latest ages in which zoology shall be studied.
Etymologies and types of new genera to be stated. — It is obvious that the names of genera
would, in general, be far more carefully constructed, and their definitions would be
rendered more exact, if authors would adopt the following suggestion:
It is recommended that in denning new genera, the etymology of the name should
be always stated, and that one species should be invariably selected as a type or standard
of reference.
The following extract, from the same code, also bears on the point
in question:
Nonsense names. — Some authors having found difficulty in selecting generic names
which have not been used before, have adopted the plan of coining words at random,
without any derivation or meaning whatever. The following are examples: Viralva,
Xema, Azeca, Assiminia, Quedius, Spisula. To the same class we may refer anagrams of
other generic names, Dacleo and Cedola of Alcedo, Zapornia of Dorzana, etc. Such verbal
trifling as this is in very bad taste, and is especially calculated to bring the science into
contempt. It finds no precedent in the Augustan age of Latin, but can be compared
only to the puerile quibblings of the Middle Ages. It is contrary to the genius of all
languages, which appear never to produce new words by spontaneous generation, but
always to derive them from some other source, however distant or obscure. And it is
peculiarly annoying to the etymologist, who, after seeking in vain through the vast store-
house of human language for the parentage of such words, discovers at last that he has
been pursuing an ignis fatuus.
Besides having often to follow such will-o'-the-wisps, any student
who undertakes the task, will soon find it no easy one to ferret out the
origin and meaning of veritable scientific names, often made up without
distinct allusion to any conspicuous character of the fossil in question, and,
occasionally, by men whose acquaintance with the languages is of the
slightest kind. After all, care and pains, not a few malformed words and
barbarous terms too long current to be now withdrawn from circulation,
must ever remain, as corresponding words survive in our common English
tongue ; marking some age of folly or ignorance in by-gone days of the
language. Such terms will serve as memorials, fossil relics, to show to
future times the freaks of linguistic development in the early days of
Palaeontology.
INTRODUCTION.
The most ancient rocks known to man had their immediate origin in sedi-
mentary deposition at the bottom of an ocean. At this point commences Ge-
ology ; for previous to this period nothing has been ascertained as to the condition
of the Earth. It commences at the base of the lowest rocks discovered, and
from thence it investigates the overlying strata, the changes that have taken
place, the lapse of time, and the development of animal life, down to the present
moment.
Were it possible to obtain a transverse section of these rocks at their maxi-
mum thickness, at any particular locality, there would be presented to the view
an exposure of more than thirty miles, representing the geological column, which
is regarded as one continuous whole, from the base to the top.
Geologists have adopted various divisions and subdivisions of this column,
for the purpose of illustrating the different aspects of the science. But that
which subdivides it into groups seems to be the most natural and systematic,
and is the classification now generally preferred.
In the infanc}^ of geological science, the known strata were divided into for-
mations, each of which was supposed to represent a geological period, during
which no marked changes occurred in the condition of the Earth or in its or-
ganic life. The commencement of each formation was supposed to mark a new
epoch of creation, and its close to represent a great cataclysm that destroyed all
vegetable and animal organisms. Modern geologists, however, have determined
that the evidence of special creations and cataclysms is entirely wanting, and
that the formations do not mark geological periods of repose, nor are they any
more distinct in their character, from each other, than are the groups into which
they have been subdivided.
The palaeozoic rocks, as understood by geologists, embrace the Permian
group, and all that is below it. The subdivision into Archaean, Silurian, Devo-
nian and Carboniferous formations is retained as a matter of convenience, for the
purpose of directing attention, in a general way, to a particular quarter of these
rocks. The Archaean (most ancient) are the metamorphic rocks. The Silurian
is next in order. The Devonian, from Devonshire, England, is a much smaller
formation, and is characterized by its fish remains. The Carboniferous forma-
tion, so-called from the fact that it contains the great coal deposits of Europe,
concludes the series of paheozoic rocks. Other formations contain coal deposits,
but they are otherwise so distinct, that they are never in danger of being classed
with this formation as originally defined.
2 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
The names used in American Geology, for the purpose of the classification
of the strata into groups, have been derived, generally, from the localities at
which the rocks have been studied and described. This method of nomenclature
is preferred to any other, because the name itself can never mislead as to the
mineral structure or relative position of the rocks, and the geologist may visit
and study the locality with the certainty that he is investigating the typical
group. Prof. Rogers conceived the idea of improving the nomenclature of the
palaeozoic rocks by dividing them into fifteen parts and giving them names sig-
nificant of their relative ages. This he did by using words suggesting meta-
phorically different parts of a day, as follows: Primal, Auroral, Matinal, Le-
vant, Surgent, Scalent, Premeridian, Meridian, Post Meridian, Cadent, Vergent,
Ponent, Vespertine, Umbral and Serai, meaning respectively the formations of
the Dawn, Daybreak, Morning, Sunrise, Mounting Day, Climbing Day, Forenoon,
Noon, Afternoon, Declining Day, Descending Day, Sunset, Evening, Dusk and
Nightfall. Unfortunately for his attempt to substitute another, for the geographi-
cal nomenclature then quite well established and susceptible of indefinite ex-
pansion, without the use of conflicting terms or words that could mislead the
student, there were several extensive groups of rucks full of the remains of ani-
mal life, as yet unexplored, and consequently quite unknown to his system.
For obvious reasons the nomenclature suggested by Mr. Rogers has not been
adopted, and in all probability never will be.
The Archa&an formation is divided into the Laurentian and Huronian groups.
The Laurentian series of metamorphic rocks forrfis the base of the geological
column, and has an estimated thickness in Canada of 32,750 feet. It takes its
name from the Laurentian mountains of Canada. The Eozoon .canadense, a
fossil Rhizopod, is found at the base of the Grenville band of limestone, which is
near the middle of this series. The estimated depth of the Laurentian series to
the lowest place at which this fossil has been found is 16,500 feet. Sir W. E.
Logan describes the Grenville band as follows :
" The general character of the rock connected with the fossil produces the
impression that it is a great foraminiferal reef, in which the pyroxene masses
represent a more ancient portion, which having died, and become much broken
up, and worn into cavities and deep recesses, afforded a seat for a new growth of
foraminifera, represented by the calcareo serpentinous part. This in its turn be-
came broken up, leaving, however, in some places, uninjured portions of the or-
ganic structure. The main difference between this foraminiferal reef, and more
recent coral reefs, seems to be, that while with the latter are usually associated
many shells and other organic remains, in the more ancient one the only remains
yet found are those of the animal which built the reef."
The next series of rocks overlying the Laurentian is called the Huronian,
which, on the north shore of Lake Huron and to the eastward, consists ofquartz-
ites, chloritic slates, bands of limestone chert, jasper and slate conglomerates,
not less than 18,000 feet in thickness.
On Lake Superior, Sault Ste. Marie, Mamainse, and other places, it is
exposed from 10,000 to 16,208 feet in thickness. An approximate estimate of
the thickness of this series on Michipicoten Island, says Mr . McFarlane, is
18,500 feet. And if we compare the rocks of Michipicoten Island with those of
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 3
Mamainse, it would appear that the lower rocks of the latter series do not come
to the surface at Michipicoten Island, and that the higher rocks of the Michipi-
coten series have not been developed at Mamainse, or lie beneath the waters of
the lake to the southwest of the promontory. It would, therefore, appear just in
estimating the thickness of the upper copper-bearing rocks of the eastern part
of Lake Superior (which are Huronian), to add to the Mamainse series the above-
mentioned 4,000 feet of resinous traps, or porphyrites, which would make the
whole thickness at least 20,000 feet. (Geo. of Can., 1863, pp. 55, 67, 86 ; Geo. of
Can., 1866, pp. 132, 141.)
In addition to the Eozoon canadense, only a few fossil species have been
described from the Huronian rocks, and these have been placed in genera of
uncertain affinit}', to wit: Aspidella, Stenotheca, and Scenella.
The metamorphic strata, equivalent to the Laurentian and Huronian series
of Canada are described in Safford's Geological Survey of Tennessee, as many
thousand feet thick. Fossil remains of foraminifera have been found in them.
They have also been found in the metamorphic rocks of Europe; so that these
rocks are no longer called azoic.
Next above the Archaean subdivision lies the great Silurian formation, first
determined by Sir R. L Murchison, and named in memory of the ancient Silures, who
inhabited Wales, where he first studied the exposure of the rocks. He subdivi-
ded it into the Lower Silurian and Upper Silurian formations, and these names
have been adopted in this countiy. The Lower Silurian is much the most exten-
sive, and is divided into groups or subdivisions, in ascending order as follows :
1. The St. John's Group, consisting of black shales and sandstones, resting
conformably upon older schistose rocks, at St. John's, New Brunswick, 3,000
feet thick. (Geo. of Can., 1866, p. 235.)
This Group of rocks contains the remains of Paradoxides, Conocephalites,
Arionellus, Microdiscus, Agnostus, Orthis, and other fossil genera. The Para-
doxides beds near Boston are supposed to belong to it.
2. The Potsdam Group, which takes its name from Potsdam in Northern
New York, where it is well developed, and consists of a fine-grained, even-bedded
sandstone, traversed by parallel joints. The Potsdam Group is sometimes divi-
ded into Upper .Potsdam and Lower Potsdam Groups. The sandstones and
limestones on the north shore of Belle Isle, and the rocks which, in the State of
Vermont are called the Georgia slates, and the red sand-rock, belong to the
Lower Potsdam Group. The Upper Potsdam Group is displayed in Minnesota,
Wisconsin, New York, Pennsylvania, and other States. In Tennessee the Pots-
dam Group is divided into three great sub-groups, in ascending order as follows:
1. The Ocoee conglomerate and slates; 2. Chilhowee sandstone; 3. Knox
Group. The Ocoee conglomerate and slates takes its name from Ocoee river,
and is 10,000 feet thick. The Chilhowee sandstone takes its name from the
Chilhowee Mountain, and is 2,000 feet thick. The Knox Group takes its name
from Knox county, and is 7,000 feet thick; making the total thickness of the
Potsdam in Tennessee 19,000 feet. It is from 500 to 2,500 feet thick in Canada,
2,020 at Bonne Bay, Newfoundland, 1,147 feet at the Straits of Belle Isle, about
2,000 feet in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, and from 600 to 800 feet thick in
Wisconsin and Minnesota.
4 STEATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
The fossils which chiefly characterize the Potsdam Group belong to the
genera Palseophycus, Scolithus, Archseocyathus ; Obolella, Camarella, Dinobol-
us, Lingulella, *Salterella, Bathyurus, Conocephalites, Olenellus and Dicello-
cephalus. Gasteropoda and Cephalopoda first make their appearance in the
Upper Potsdam. Poor specimens of Cystidea and Crinoidea have been found
in this Group.
3. The Calciferous Group, named from the calcareo-silicious character of the
rocks. It was called the Calciferous sandrock and Transition rock by Eaton,
and the Barnegat limestone, Newburgh limestone, Warwick limestone, Oolitic
limestone, Fucoidal layers, and slaty limestone, in the early Geological Reports
of New York. It is divided into the Lower and Upper Calciferous Groups. The
Upper Calciferous is found in Newfoundland about 1,000 feet in thickness. The
Lower Calciferous is the original Calciferous Group of New York. It is ex-
posed in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Virginia,
Canada, and other places, usually less than 500 feet in thickness. It is found,
however, in Missouri 1,315 feet thick, where it is subdivided into 1st, 2d, 3d and
4th Magnesian limestone, and in Newfoundland 1,839 feet thick. The St. Peter's
sandstone of the Northwest, named from its great development on the St. Peter's
river, belongs to this group. There is in Newfoundland an important series of
strata, having a thickness of 2,061 feet, known as division N. of the Newfound-
land rocks, which should probably be regarded as part of the Upper Calciferous
Group. If so, it would give us a maximum thickness of about 4,000 feet for
the Calciferous Group.
The Lamellibranchiata first make their appearance in this Group, while the
Gasteropoda and Cephalopoda become numerous. Pleurotomaria canadensis is
known to pass from the Potsdam into this Group.
4. The Quebec Group, which takes its name from the city of Quebec, in
Canada, where it was first studied, and is subdivided into the Levis, Lauzon,
and Sillery Groups. The Levis division, which takes its name from Point Levis
in Canada, comprehends the Philipsburgh rocks which are 4,860 feet thick, in
addition to 1,385 feet of the Orleans section, making the whole division 6,145
feet thick. The Lauzon division, which takes its name from Lauzon, in Canada,
is about 4,000 feet in thickness. And the Sillery division, which takes its name
from Sillery Cove in Canada, is 2,000 feet in thickness, making the maximum
depth of the three divisions of this Group 12,145 feet. The Levis division is
highly fossiliferous, while only a few fossils are known from other divisions.
Some of the fossils of this Group are found both in the Chazy and Calciferous
Groups, and the Canadian geologists for a time supposed it to be the equivalent,
in some way or other, of these rocks; but later investigations have shown that it
has a fauna of its own, and that it offers beds of passage from the Potsdam to
the Trenton fauna, in addition to those of the Chazy and Calciferous.
5. The Chazy Group, which takes its name from Chazy, Clinton county,
New York, and has an extensive geographical range over New York and Canada,
is seldom found over 300 feet in thickness. The upper part of the 1st Magne-
sian limestone in Missouri may be the equivalent of this Group, or rather the
dark bluish gray semi-crystalline limestones, interstratified with the grayish
drab earthy magnesian varieties, destitute of chert, which crop out in some
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 5
places on top of the 1st Magnesian, and are usually classed with it. The Group
has likewise been doubtfully identified in Wisconsin and other Northwestern
localities.
6. The Birdseye Limestone, which is a well marked Group of rocks in New
York. The rocks break with a conchoidal fracture, and the surface presents
numerous crystalline spots due to calcspar in the tubes of Tetradium fbratum,
which it contains in abundance, and from which the Group takes its name. It
is not, however, so distinct in its fossil remains as to be characterized and deter-
mined elsewhere, and therefore some geologists treat the name as a synonym for
the Black River Group.
7. The Black River Group (including the Birdseye limestone or its equiva-
lent) which is found in New York, Pennsylvania, Canada and the Island of An-
ticosti, and is supposed to underlie Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, for it is again
found cropping out under the Trenton Group in Missouri and other places west
of the Mississippi. It has a very wide geographical range, and in Pennsylvania
attains the important thickness of 5,500 feet.
The Orthoceratites, which commenced an existence in the Upper Potsdam,
reach their greatest development in this Group of rocks. Some shells are found
more than ten feet in length and exceeding a foot in diameter. Other Cephalo-
poda are found in abundance, and several new genera commence an existence.
The synonyms for the Black River Group in the early geological reports
are Mo7iawk limestone, Base of the Trenton limestone, Blue limestone, Black
marble of Isle La Motte, Bald Mountain limestone, sparry limerocks, Transi-
tion chequered limestone, Seven foot Tier and Metalliferous limerock.
8. The Trenton Group, which takes its name from Trenton, Oneida county,
New York, is found almost everywhere on the Continent, where the Lower Silu-
rian rocks are exposed. In New York, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Illinois, Mis-
souri and Canada, its greatest thickness does not exceed 1,000 feet; while on the
Island of Anticosti it reaches 1,700, and in Tennessee 2,500 feet. The Galena
limestone of Illinois and Wisconsin, and the Cape Girardeau limestone of Mis-
souri, belong to it.
The limestones of this Group are literally a mass of fossils, and withal so
well preserved, that several hundred species and many genera have been defined.
No Group of paheozoic strata has been studied with more interest, or has yielded
more facts beneficial to science. It is a magnificent museum of well preserved
shells, representing almost every character of the ancient population of the sea.
9. The Utica Slate Group, which takes its name from Utica, New York, and
seems to be confined in its Geographical range to Pennsylvania, New York and
Canada, and reaches its greatest thickness in Pennsylvania at 400 feet. Its syn-
onyms are Black slate, Pulaski shales, Frankfort slate and Lorraine shales.
10. The Hudson River Group, which takes its name from the exposure on
Hudson River, New York, has an extensive geographical range, and reaches its
greatest thickness in Canada, at 2,000 feet. The fossils which characterize it
are nearly the same as those which characterize the Trenton Group. The inter-
vention of the Utica slate in New York and Canada furnishes the only excuse
for separating the two groups. In the Western and Southern States, where the
Utica slate is absent from the strata, the upper part of the Lower Silurian is
6 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
generally called the Cincinnati Group, though in Tennessee it is known as the
Nashville Group, or more generally it is known as the Blue Limestone. The
Cincinnati Group, as exposed in Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky, with which I am
better acquainted than with any other Group of rocks, will receive more than a
passing notice. The total thickness of the exposure will scarcely exceed 1,000
feet, the lower part of which is probably the equivalent of the upper part of the
Trenton Group, and the remainder belongs to the Hudson River Group. The
Cincinnati Group, therefore, is of value as a technical name only so far as it ex-
presses the absence of the Utica slate, and points to the locality of its exposure.
Some fossils, as Bellerophon bilobatus, Strophomena altemata, Zygospira
modesta, Leptena sericea, Buthotrephis gracilis, Beyrichia chambersi, Calymene
senaria, Isotelus gigas and Isotelus megistos pass entirely through the Group.
Trinucleus concentricus, Triarthrus becki, Orthis multisecta, 0. emacerata,
Streptorhynchus hallia, Ambonychia bcllistriata, Modiolopsis cincinnatiensis,
Cycloconcha mediocardinalis, Lichenocrinus crater if or mis and Chetetes (?)
jamesi, are confined to the lower half of the group. Glyptocrinus decadactylus,
G. dyeri, G. nealli, G. fornshelli, Lichenocrinus tuberculatus, Streptorhynchus
filitexta, S. sub tenia, S. sulcata, S. sinuata, S. nutans, Orthis insculpta, 0. sub-
quadrata, Bhynchonella capax, B. dentata, Cypricardites haynesi, Anomalo-
donta gigantea, A. alata, Anodontopsis milleri, Favistella stellata, Tetradium
Jibratum and Streptelasma corniculum, are found only in the upper part of the
Group. Some fossils occupy only a few feet in vertical range, as Orthis in-
sculpta, Orthis retrdrsa, 0. emacerata, Glyptocrinus nealli and Streptorhynchus
sulcata. These facts teach us that during the deposition of the rocks, the fauna
of the ocean was constant^ changing. One form ceasing to exist at a given
place at one time, and another at another time ; a new species appearing at one
period, and another at another period. Not, however, indicating either the ex-
tinction or creation of a new species, because though the Orthis insculpta has a
vertical range of only about three feet, it is found in the Trenton Group, in
New York, in much earlier strata ; and substantially the same may be • said of
other forms.
The Group of rocks, throughout its entire thickness, is composed of alter-
nate laj^ers of blue marl and limestone, of varying thickness. In some places
the marl is 6 or 8 feet thick, without a layer of stone. At other places, one layer
of stone, 4, 6 or 8 inches in thickness, follows another, with intervening layers
of marl, of much less thickness, for 40 or 50 feet. It is rare to find a layer of
limestone more than a foot in thickness. All the layers are broken into small,
irregular pieces, sufficiently large, however, for cellar and other light stone work
for which they are used. When the blue marl is exposed for a few years to the
action of the weather, it gradually loses its color, and finally presents a dull
gray appearance. Where the marl in the bed, only a few feet from the surface,
has been changed to the dull gray color, crystals of the sulphate of lime are
found on the layers of stone and in the marl. The silicious matter prevails over
the carbonate of lime in the layers of marl, while the carbonate of lime is much
in excess of the silicious matter in the layers of stone, due in part, at least, to
the fact that the stones are almost literally a mass of more or less comminuted
shells, corals and crinoids. There is nothing, therefore, in the general character
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 7
and appearance of the stones and marl to indicate the changing character of the
fossil contents, to which I shall now call more particular attention.
The Zygospira modesta is found throughout the group, varying in size from
a small pin-head to a pea. The largest size has been called Zygospira cincin-
natiensis. The smaller specimens differ in their proportional length and breadth
and in the proportional elevation of the middle of the ventral valve, and corres-
ponding depression of the mesial sinus of the dorsal valve. The larger speci-
mens differ in the same respect; and as the number of plications is but little in-
creased, they become larger and coarser. The same species from the Trenton
Group, at Ottawa, Canada, is more elongated, and more finely plicated than the
Cincinnati forms; while specimens from the Trenton Group of Southern Minne-
sota are scarcely distinguishable from Cincinnati specimens of medium size.
This species passes through the Trenton, Utica and Hudson River Groups, and
is found in the Clinton Group.
Strophomena alternata is found throughout the Group. Specimens secured
within 200 feet of low water mark at Cincinnati, are large, thin, frail, and some-
what flat, but in their markings resemble the more profound specimens from the
Trenton Group of New York and Ottawa, Canada. Many specimens found from
350 to 450 feet above low water mark are peculiarly thick, firm and heavy. From
450 feet above low water mark to the top of the Group .the specimens are, gener-
ally, proportionately longer on the hinge line and more distinctly eared than they
are below, and frequently much larger. One form of these long eared specimens
has been called variety loxorhytis. The variety nasuta is most distinctly
marked at an elevation from 400 to 450 feet above low water mark, where it is
thicker and deeper than the same variety from the Trenton Group of New York
and Canada. The variety alternistriata is most common in the middle and up-
per part of the Group. The variety fracta is found only in a vertical range of a
few feet about the middle of the Group. This species is widely distributed and
ranges from the Chazy to the Clinton Groups, passing through a great many
forms, which, if constant or characteristic of particular geological horizons, would
be regarded as good species.
Leptena sericea is found throughout the Group, changing at times in size,
length of the hinge line and comparative thickness. It is a common form in the
Trenton, Hudson River and Clinton Groups.
Strophomena tenuistriata is frail and rare in the lower part of the Group,
but quite common and well preserved in the upper part. This, including its
nearly related forms, under the names of rhomboidaUs and depressa, is almost
world wide in its distribution, and ranges from the Trenton Group to the Lower
Carboniferous. One could not hesitate, however, in separating the Lower Silu-
rian from the Upper Silurian forms, and these again from the Devonian and
Lower Carboniferous forms, while remarking the somewhat general resemblance
between them.
Streptorhynchus hallia is found in the lower 200 feet of the Group, and is
not known to occur elsewhere. 8. planoconvexa occupies only a few feet in ver-
tical range about the middle of the Group. S. nutans, S.planumbona, 8. sub -
tenia and S.filitexta are confined in their range to the upper part of the Group;
though 8. subtenta is found in the Hudson River Group at English Head, Anti-
costi, and S. jilitexta in the Trenton Group of New York.
8 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
Streptorhynchus sinuata has- a vertical range of only a few feet below the
middle of the Group, and S. sulcata has a vertical range of only a few feet near
the upper part of the Group.
Orthis bellula, 0. plicatella, 0. fissicosta, 0. ella and Cythere cincinnatiensis
are confined within a vertical range of about 100 feet, near the middle of the
Group. 0. plicatella, O. triplicatella, 0. Jissicosta and O. jamesi vary much
in size and proportional length and breadth and general appearance, and some-
times run so close together that it is only by close observation that the species
are separated. Orthis ella varies so much in size and number of plications that
it could be separated into three forms sufficiently distinct to have specific names,
if the forms were found only in distinct Groups of rocks. But, probably, no
shell indicates the unceasing change and development of animal life during the
deposition of the Group as much as the Orthis lynx. It is found of all dimen-
sions, from 1-16 of an inch to 2 inches in length, breadth and thickness. The
mesial sinus is usually occupied with three plications, and the mesial fold with
four; but sometimes the mesial sinus has only two plications, and sometimes it
has four and even five, while the mesial fold always contains one more than the
sinus, if the specimen is regularly developed. The more profound the sinus, the
fewer plications in it. Some specimens are much longer than they are wide;
others much wider than«long. Some specimens, with hinge-line shorter than the
width of the shell, become globose and nearly as round as an apple; others have
the hinge-line prolonged to double the width of the shell, and have nearly the
form of Spirifera mucronata. Small specimens of the globose form are marked
with about sixteen plications, while the long-eared forms have as many as forty
on each valve. Some specimens have thin shells; while others, no larger, have
very thick ones. These extreme varieties do not occupy the same layers of rock,
but different strata. Considerable variation exists, however, in specimens occu-
pying the same layer; and so many intermediate forms are found in different
layers, that the extremes in the Group are linked together.
The maximum thickness of the lower Silurian, as shown b}^the Groups men-
tioned, is 48,745 feet; and the fossiliferous part of the metamorphic rocks, 36,-
500 feet; making a total of 85,245 feet, or a little over sixteen miles from the
top of the Hudson River Group to the base of the fossiliferous rocks. In other
words, if all the Metamorphic and Lower Silurian Groups were fully represented,
at their greatest thickness, on the Hudson River or at Cincinnati, we would ex-
pect to find fossils by digging or boring at these places for sixteen miles. The
fact is probable, however, that part of the earth was dry land, while another part
was covered with an ocean; and that the dry land was worn away by the action
of rain, and other causes, while the ocean bed, gradually filled up, as the Atlantic
fills to-day, by sedimentary deposition. There is no evidence of dry land, during
all this period; but the negative evidence to the contrary, in the total absence of
land plants and animals. Dry land may have existed, however, in the shape of
barren rocks and disintegrated matter, for mechanical deposition ; but if it did
not exist, it is presumed that deposition took place more rapidly at the bed of
the ocean at one place than at another, and that the ocean currents removed
what had been deposited at one place, and carried it to another; so that, in either
case, the maximum thickness of each Group is the measure of the lapse of time
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 9
that transpired during its deposition on the ocean-bed; and these, when placed
together, in their order of deposition, constitute the true geological column.
The Upper Silurian rocks are subdivided in ascending order, as follows:
1. Oneida Conglomerate, which takes its name from Oneida county, New York.
2. Medina sandstone, which takes its name from Medina, New York. 3. Clinton
Group, which takes its name from Clinton, New York. 4. Niagara Group,
which takes its name from its development at the Falls of Niagara. 5. Onon-
daga Salt Group, which takes its name from Onondaga, New York, where the
salt springs have been extensively wrought; and 6. Lower Helderberg Group,
which takes its name from the Helderberg Mountains of New York.
The Oneida Conglomerate has been called the Shawangunk Grit, the Shawan-
gunk Conglomerate and the Millstone Grit. The word Shawangunk, signify-
ing, in the Indian language of the aborigines, White rock, has been regarded as
quite appropriate, because it is expressive of the character of the rocks. The
greatest thickness of this Group in New York and Pennsylvania is about 500
feet. The rocks are of such a character that they have not preserved the fossil
remains with the exception of imperfect fucoidal impressions.
The Medina sandstone is usually of a red color, with the exception of a gray
band near the top. Between the mouth of the Niagara river and Lewiston, it is
350 feet thick, though at Barton, Canada, it is 618 feet thick. Its dimensions in
Pennsylvania are much increased. In the latter State it is subdivided into three
Groups on lithological grounds; the lower, a compact greenish gray sandstone
about 400 feet thick, the next a soft argillaceous red and brown sandstone and
shale TOO feet thick, and the higher a white or light gray sandstone and shales,
450 thick; making a total thickness of 1,150 feet. Like other sandstones, it
usually contains but few fossils, but in some localities it is highly fossiliferous,
especially in the upper part.
The Clinton Group is only estimated, in Ohio and other Western localities, at
50 feet or less in thickness. In New York and Canada from 50 to 400 feet, and
on the Island of Anticosti at 610 feet; but in Pennsylvania it reaches the great
thickness of 1,620 feet. (Geo. of Penn., vol. i., p. 106.)
Prof. Hall says of this group : " In the Western portion of the State (N. Y.)
the limit between the Medina sandstone and Clinton Group is well defined, and
the materials very distinct; but, in the central part of the State, we find the same
conditions which operated during the deposition of the Medina sandstone to have
been continued into the Clinton Group. The latter commences by a shaly
deposit, which is soon succeeded by alternations of sandstone, in character pre-
cisely like the Medina sandstone. The general character of the marine vegeta-
tion of the two periods is similar; and a peculiar t3^pe of plants commences its
existence in the Medina sandstone, and terminates in the Clinton Group. When
we examine the Clinton Group in the central part of the State, its analogies are
chiefly with the Medina sandstone; and it is there a powerful and important
formation, presenting, however, great variation in its successive beds and charac-
ters, in every respect truly protean. In its Western extension, the Clinton Group
assimilates in character to the Niagara Group, and in the Western district has
nearly lost the character which it presents in Oneida county. At the same time
that the Group assumes a more calcareous character in its Western extension, it
10 STRATIGEAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
loses the fossils which were typical of it, and becomes charged with fossils pecu-
liar to calcareous strata. Thus, while we find its lower beds, from Wayne county
Westward to the Niagara river, characterized by .peculiar fossils, we find the
upper beds containing many species which pass upward into the Niagara Group.
Indeed, there is no line which can be designated between these two Groups, which
shall mark the limits of the organic products. It is true, nevertheless, that by
far the greater part of the fossils of the two Groups are distinct; and the small
number in the lower Group, of those which we regard as proper to the Niagara
Group, are for the most part inconspicuous, and not so well developed as they are
in the Niagara." Again, he says:
" In tracing the Clinton Group Westerly, we find its affinities more with the
rocks below, or that the material and fossils recognized on the one side as the
Clinton formation are not strongly separated from the upper beds of the Hudson
River Group; and studied in these localities alone, they might be regarded as
constituting part of the same. On the other hand, the Niagara becomes defined
as a calcareous Group, and the line between it and the strata below is strongly
drawn. The base of this limestone would everywhere be recognized as the base
of the Upper Silurian Rocks, while the strata below are marked by fossils which
belong to the Lower Silurian fauna."
The Niagara Group consists of shales and limestones, and may, for the pur-
poses of this introduction, include the lenticular mass of dolomitic limestones
found in Canada, and bearing the name Guelph Group. The Guelph Group takes
its name from the town of Guelph in Canada, where it is about 160 feet in thick-
ness. At Lockport and at Niagara Falls, the Niagara Group consists of about
80 feet of shales, and 164 feet of limestones. The Group is found exposed in
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and other Western States, rarely exceeding 400 feet in
thickness; but in Tennessee it reaches 1,700 feet, and is subdivided as follows:
1st, Clinch Mountain sandstone, consisting of shales and sandstones, 700 feet;
2d, White Oak Mountain* sandstone, 500 feet ; 3d, Dyestone Group of shales and
sandstones, which takes its name from an iron ore, which is sometimes used as a
dyestone, 300 feet; and 4th, Meniscus Limestone, which takes its name from a
lens or a meniscus-shaped fossil sponge, named by Roemer, Astraiosponyia
meniscus, 200 feet.
Prof. Hall says : " The rocks of this Group, where best developed in Western
New York, consist of a mass of shale, succeeded by one of limestone, the passage
from the former to the latter taking place by the gradual increase of calcareous
matter. The upper or terminating limestone of the Clinton Group is succeeded
by a soft argillo-calcareous shale, which maintains its character unchanged for a
thickness of 80 to 100 feet. Throughout the greater part of this it abounds in
fossils, nearly all of which are distinct from those in the beds of the Clinton
Group. In the Western part of New York, the lithological characters of the
Clinton and Niagara Groups are so similar, that they could well be united. The
fossils also of the two Groups, though generally distinct, are nevertheless generic-
ally similar, and several species pass from the lower to the higher Group. Still
farther West, the assimilation becomes more perfect, and there appears to be
no line of separation between the two Groups. At the same time the fossils
appear to be commingled."
STKATIGKAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 11
The Onondaga Salt Group is sometimes called the Onondaga limestone or
Gypsiferous series. Its outcrop in New York is traced, says Prof. Hall, from
Montgomery- county, where the formation is represented by a thin band, West-
ward into Wayne county, where it attains a thickness of 1,000 feet, and thinning
out towards Canada, it crosses the Niagara river, at 300 feet in thickness, whence
it is traced Northwestwardly to Lake Huron, and thence to Mackinac. It is also
exposed in Pennsylvania, where it was called the Surgent red marl, and in West-
ern and Southern localities. In its lower part, it is made up chiefly of marls and
thin shaly limestones, which include the gypsum and salt. Its upper portion
consists of magnesian limestones, often yielding hydraulic or water lime, and is
hence sometimes distinguished as the Water Lime Group, where it really forms
part of the Onondaga Group.
The Lower Helderberg Group has a wide geographical range, but is not sus-
ceptible of subdivision into man}- Groups, at any great distance from the Helder-
berg Mountains, where Vanuxem separated it into ; 1st, Water Lime Group or
Tentaculite limestone ; 2d, Pentamerus limestone ; 3d, Deltbyris shaly lime-
stone ; 4th, Encrinal limestone ; and 5th, Upper Pentamerus limestone. The
Water Lime Group was so called from its yielding hydraulic cement, and is about
200 feet thick in New York, and thins out in Canada in a Northwesterly direc-
tion. Pentamerus limestone took its name from the Pentamerus galeatus found
in it, in Cherry Valley, New York, where it is about 30 feet thick. The Delthy-
ris shaly limestone was so named from the abundance of Spirifera macropleura,
and S. pachoptera, formerly called Delthyris, found in it. It is about 70 feet
thick. The Encrinal limestone is about 25 feet thick, and was so named from
the quantity of broken encrinites it contains. It has also been called the Scu-
tella limestone, from a shield-like pelvis of a crinoid found, in it. The Upper
Pentamerus limestone is about 75 feet thick, and was so named from the abund-
ance of Pentamerus pseudogaleatus with which it is characterized.
The Lower Helderberg attains the greatest thickness of 2,000 feet, at Gaspe,
Canada. It is 1,720 feet in Pennsylvania, 400 to 500 in New York, and from 100
to 200 feet thick in the Western States.
The fossils of this Group are quite similar to those of the Niagara, and mark
a very gradual development from the former to the latter. The Water Lime
Group is especially characterized by large crustaceans of the genera Eurypterus
and Pterygotus, the highest forms of organized life, which, so far as we know,
had, up to this period, appeared upon the earth.
The rocks of the Upper Silurian formation, as shown by the preceding esti-
mates, are about 8,000 feet in thickness. They contain the fossil remains of
no vertebrate animal so far as yet known. They shoAvthe uninterrupted course of
oceanic life from one Group of rocks to the next, and the gradual appearance of
higher organisms, and yet they are without land plants, save perhaps a species
of Psilophyton, and vertebrate animals, even of the lowest oceanic tj-pes. The
student of biology and the laws of evolution may pause here and reflect upon the
fact, that from the geological horizon of the Eozoon canadense, we have passed
upwards through nearly eighteen miles in thickness of oceanic deposits, which
represent many millions of years as we understand the laws of deposition, and
while the changes in the forms of life have been numerous and wonderful, and
12 STRATIGKAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
the development into higher forms constant throughout the whole period, yet
that life had found its most complete development in a lowly organized articu-
late animal— the awkwardly constructed, loosely thrown together— flimsy
Eurypterus.
The Devonian formation was so named by Murchison from Devonshire, Eng-
land. It is subdivided in ascending order into: 1st, Oriskany Sandstone; 2d,
Upper Helderberg Group; 3d, Hamilton Group; 4th, Portage Group; 5th, Che-
mung Group; and 6th, the Catskill Group.
The Oriskany Sandstone takes its name trom Oriskany, in Oneida county,
New York. It has a wide geographical range, being found in Canada, New York,
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Illinois, and other States. Its maximum thickness is
placed at 300 feet.
Prof. Hall says: "The line of demarkation between subordinate Groups, and
the line of separation between systems, are equally strong, and that the whole
series may be regarded as a succession of minor Groups; that the strong lines of
division are almost always due to the absence of some formation, which if present,
would show a gradation to the next; and these subdivisions into systems have
been made dependent on the imperfection rather than the perfection of the se-
quence. Thus the strong line of demarkation between the Silurian and Devonian
which exists where the lower Helderberg Group is absent, is softened to a gentle
gradation through the intervention of these strata and the Oriskany sandstone.
Where these are present in all their members, the line of separation becomes less
sharply defined, and we have some evidence that there may exist other intermedi-
ate members, or a more full development of those now known between the two
formations." (Pal. of N. Y., vol. iii., p. 35.)
In Southern Illinois, the Oriskany sandstone of the Devonian system is un-
derlaid by a Group of silicious limestones, that in their upper beds contain well
marked Devonian fossils, and below those that seem to be characteristic, Upper
Silurian forms; thus forming beds of passage from the Upper Silurian to the
Devonian systems. This Group seems to hold about the same relation to these
two systems that the Anticosti Group of Canada holds between the Upper and
Lower Silurian of that country. This Group is called the " Clear creek lime-
stone," and is limited in its outcrop to the counties of Jackson, Union, and Alex-
ander, first making its appearance in the bluff's of Mississippi, at the lower end
of the ridge known as the "Devil's backbone," in Jackson county, and continuing
along the river bluffs to Clear creek, in Union county, where they are fully
developed, and where they probably attain their maximum thickness of from 250
to 350 feet. (Geo. of 111., vol. i., p. 125.) Subsequent investigations, and a
more complete collection of the fossils which belonged to the upper and lower
divisions of the mass, led to the conclusion that the upper division represented,
at least in part, the Oriskany period, and the lower, the Delthyris shaly beds of
the Lower Helderberg series. And in accordance with this view, without any
well marked line of separation on lithological grounds, but supported by an ex-
amination of the same beds in Perry county, Missouri, the upper 200 feet, at the
maximum thickness, is placed in the lower division of the Oriskany period, and
the lower 200 feet, at the maximum thickness, is placed in the Lower Helderberg
period. (Geo. of 111., vol. ii., p. 8; vol. iii., p. 24.)
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 13
The Upper Helderberg Group, in its fullest development, consists of four
members, the Caudagalli grit, the Schoharie grit, the Onondaga and Corniferous
limestones. The first, when characteristic, is a dark, gritty slate, which has a cleav-
age vertical to the line of deposition, and is generally destitute of fossils; but with
surfaces, covered with curved, fucoid-like markings, which have given it its
name. This rock constitutes beds of passage from the Oriskany sandstone, and
graduates above into the Schoharie grit, which is an arenaceous limestone,
weathering to a brownish color, and succeeded by the gray, subcrystalline, coral-
line formation, which is known in New York as the Onondaga limestone, while
the Corniferous limestone consists of the higher dark-colored chert beds of the
Group. (Hall's Pal., vol. iii., p. 43.)
The Caudagalli grit was named from a fucoid having some resemblance in
form to the tail of a chicken cock. It has a small geographical range, and its
maximum thickness in New York is placed at 70 feet.
The Schoharie grit, named from Schoharie, New York, has a small geo-
graphical range and no considerable thickness. In Pennsylvania and New
Jersey, where the Caudagalli and Schoharie grits have been called the Post Meri-
dian grits, they have a thickness of 300 feet. This Group in New York consists
of a fine grained calcareous sandstone, somewhat resembling the Oriskany, but
bearing quite different fossils.
No vertebrate animal has yet made its appearance.
The Onondaga limestone is only from 20 to 50 feet thick in New York, and,
though traced over a great extent of country, rarely exceeds that thickness. In
Missouri it is said to vary from 10 inches to 75 feet in thickness, but there are
few if any Western localities where this Group can be # separated from the Cor-
niferous.
The Corniferous limestone was named from the chert found in it, which
breaks with a corny fracture. It varies from 100 to 200 feet in thickness, in
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Pennsylvania and New York. It is from 300 to 400 feet
thick in Michigan, and reaches its maximum of 850 feet at Tilsonbury, Canada.
At Louisville, Kentucky, this Group consists of a mass of fossil corals, in a bed
of hard limestone. It has the appearance of having been a coral reef, and has
been so designated, but the limestone is so firm that perfect specimens of the
corals are not easily procured.
This is the Group of rocks in which the first remains of vertebrate animals
are found. These remains consist generally of the teeth of fish, but other hard
parts are also found. Some strata are known which are literally a mass of fish
teeth cemented together in a compact limestone. Land plants become more com-
mon in this Group.
The maximum of these subdivisions of the Upper Helderberg Group is there-
fore 1,225 feet. Each subdivision in New York is characterized by distinct fos-
sils, but in Canada several of the most characteristic species of the Oriskany
sandstone ascend through each of the overlying Groups into the Corniferous.
From this time forward, the five sub-kingdoms in animal life are represented
in every Group of rocks capable of their preservation, viz. : Protista, Radiates,
Mollusks, Articulates, and Vertebrates. They all continue to change and de-
velop, but the great field of evolution is well nigh surrendered to the Vertebrates,
14 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
which have commenced an existence in the lowest forms of marine fish, soon to
appear in higher states of perfection, and to be followed by a number of Ba-
trachian or Reptilian forms before the close of palaeozoic time.
The Hamilton Group was named by Vanuxem, from Hamilton, Madison
county, New York. In its fullest development, it consists of the Marcellus
shale, Ludlowville shale, Encrinal limestone, Moscow shale, Tully limestone, and
Genessee slate. It is about 1,200 feet thick in Eastern New York, and 1,150 feet
in Eastern Pennsylvania. It thins out Westerly and Southerly, but maintains
a thickness of from 300 to 600 feet in Canada.
Prof. Hall says : " The Hamilton Group consists, in Eastern New York, at
base of the black Marcellus shale, including some bands of Goniatite limestone.
Next succeeds a hard, compact, calcareo-arenaceous shale, which, under atmos-
pheric influences, crumbles into angular fragments. This is followed by more
arenaceous bands, and by bands of soft slaty shale, with arenaceous shale or ar-
gillaceous sandstone, and with some thin bands of limestone, which are almost en-
tirely composed of organic remains. Toward the Western part of New York the
coarser materials gradually diminish, and we find an increasing proportion of
soft shales, with a more general diffusion of the calcareous matter, and the mass
is terminated by a limestone. Finally, from the Genessee river to the Western
limits of the State, the entire Group, above the Marcellus shale, which is persis-
tent, consists of dark, soft shales and bands of limestone. Thus the lithological
characters are at the East, an olive shale and sandstone; at the West, a grayish-
blue, calcareous shale, with bands of limestone. (Pal., vol. iii., p. 46.)
The Portage Group was named from Portage, New York. It is 1,400 feet
thick in the Eastern part jof the State, and 1,150 feet thick in Eastern Pennsylva-
nia. It thins out Westerly and Northerly. The Black Slate or Huron Shale of
Michigan and Ohio belongs to this Group, and is from 300 to 400 feet thick. It
is from 100 to 200 feet thick at Louisville, Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana,
and 50 feet thick in Missouri. The Group ought not to be called the Huron Shale
either in Ohio or elsewhere, because that name was appropriated by the early
Canadian geologists, and applied to a Group of Metamorphic rocks. If one
were to speak of the slate in the Huronian Group, it would be called the Huron
Slate, and so would shale if found there, be properly designated as Huron Shale.
The words Huron and Huronian have the same signification, and are too near alike
to be used to designate widely separated Groups of rocks. The " Huron Shale "
is a synonym for the " Portage Group," with nothing to commend its use, because
it has neither geographical nor local significance.
The Chemung Group was named from Chemung, New York, and is about
2,000 feet thick in the Eastern part of that State, but at Huntington, Pennsylvania,
it is 3,200 feet in thickness. It thins out to the West, and is estimated at only
400 feet in Ohio, where it is called the Erie Shale, and 200 feet in Missouri.
While the Hamilton, Portage and Chemung Groups in New York are, combined,
only about 4,000 feet thick, and in Pennsylvania do not much exceed 6,000, at
Gaspe, Canada, they are 7,036 feet, though this estimate may include the Catskill
Group.
The passage from the Silurian formation to the Devonian at Gaspe, Canada,
where the rocks are exposed 9,000 feet in thickness, is not evidenced by any
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. ' 15
change in lithological character, and is hardly determinable from an examination
of the fossils. The lower 2,000 feet is classed with the Helderberg Group in the
Silurian, but it may include the Oriskany sandstone of the Devonian series. The
upper 7,036 feet are supposed to represent all the other Groups in the Devonian
formation of New York, but the divisions are not clearly defined as in New York,
nor readily separable from an examination of either the fossils or the rocks.
(Geo. of Canada, 1863. p. 396; do. 1866, p. 260; Hall's Pal, vol. iii., p. 45.)
A very interesting Group of rocks, because of the highly fossiliferous charac-
ter and abundance of Goniatites, is exposed at Rockford, near Seymour, Indiana,
which probably represents part of the Chemung Group; though Prof. Meek and
the Illinois geologists have regarded it as the representative of the Kinderhook
Group.
The shales and sandstones of the Catskill Group form in their greatest ex-
pansion at the Catskill Mountains, from which the Group takes its name, a mass
of at least 3,000 feet in thickness. The Group is composed of red and greenish
or olive shales and shaly sandstones, with some gray and mottled sandstones
and conglomerates.
In Pennsylvania this Group is divided into: 1st, Ponent Red Sandstone,
which is 5,000 feet thick in its Southeastern outcrops; 2d, Vespertine, Conglom-
erate and sandstone, 2,660 feet in thickness, near the Susquehanna, making a total
thickness of 7,660 feet.
The rocks of the Devonian age are therefore 15,235 feet, or nearly three miles
in thickness, and are connected together by their interlocking fossil contents, and
united with those of Silurian age, precisely as the Lower Silurian Groups are re-
lated to each other.
The Devonian rocks are followed by the Carboniferous, which are divided
into : 1st, Lower Carboniferous ; 2d, Carboniferous Conglomerate ; 3d, Coal
Measures ; and 4th, Permian.
The Lower Carboniferous Group, in Nova Scotia, consists of reddish and
gray sandstones and shales, conglomerates and thick beds of limestone, with ma-
rine shells and gypsum, and is 7,636 feet in thickness. On the island of Bona-
venture, it is about 2,000 feet in thickness, or with the Carboniferous conglomer-
ate 2,766, and contains the Eatonia peculiaris, which is found in the Oriskany
sandstone of New York. In Illinois, the Lower Carboniferous is subdivided into
Groups in ascending order as follows : 1st, Kinderhook Group, from 100 to 150
feet ; 2d, Burlington Group, from 25 to 200 feet ; 3d, Keokuk Group, from 100
to 150 feet ; 4th, St. Louis Group, from 50 to 200 feet ; and 5th, Chester Group,
from 500 to 800 feet. In Missouri, it is subdivided in ascending order, into: 1st,
Encrinital limestone ; 2d, Archimedes limestone ; 3d, St. Louis limestone ;
and 4th, Ferruginous sandstone ; the maximum thickness of which is only about
1,200 feet. The Burlington Group has been called the Encrinital limestone, and
in Missouri it is 500 feet thick. The Keokuk limestone is the Archimedes lime-
- stone of Owen. The Warsaw limestone is sometimes called the second Archi-
medes limestone. The St. Louis limestone was called the Concretionary lime-
stone by Owen. The Chester Group has been called Kaskaskia limestone, Up-
per Archimedes limestone, and Pentremital limestone. In Tennessee, the Lower
Carboniferous is subdivided into the Mountain limestone and Siliceous Group-
16 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
The total thickness is about 1,200 feet. In Ohio the Group is subdivided into
the Cleveland Shale, Bedford Shale, Berea Grit and Cuyahoga Shale, these to-
gether constitute what is also known as the Waverly Group, named from the
quarries at Waverly, Ohio. In Michigan, Prof. Winchell subdivided the Group
into the Marshal] Group, Napoleon Group, Michigan Salt Group, and Carbon-
it'cious limestone, the total thickness of which is 550 feet. In the Anthracite
Coal region of Pennsylvania this Group lias a maximum thickness of 3,000 feet,
and consists mainly of red shale; it thins out rapidly towards the Northwest, but
maintains a great thickness Southwardly through Virginia and into Alabama,
gradually changing its character, however, to a calcareous limestone.
The Lower Carboniferous rocks present us with a greater number of species
of Crinoids, and these in greater profusion than all the other subdivisions of the
Paheozoic rocks. A single locality at Burlington, Iowa, in the Burlington Group,
has furnished about 350 species. Another locality at Crawfordsville, Indiana,
has almost a world-wide reputation for the great beauty, perfection and abun-
dancy of its crinoids. It is in the Keokuk Group.
" The genus Nautilus among the Cephalopoda is clearly recognized and is
quite abundant, while the genus Orthoceras, whose perfection represented an or-
ganization akin to the embryonic form of the Nautilus has become correspond-
ingly rare.
The Carboniferous conglomerate is 1,400 feet in thickness in Pennsylvania,
and entirely thins out before reaching the Mississippi river. It is only from 100
to 200 feet thick in Ohio.
Prof. Hall says : " It was evidently formed from the fragments of older for-
mations, drifted, water-worn, rounded and deposited with the larger pieces at the
base, and the whole cemented together with smaller pebbles and sand. The
depth of the formation in Pennsylvania, and its thinning out to the North and
West, shows the current to have been from Southeast to Northwest, and probably
indicates the close proximity of the source in a Southeasterly direction. In
Michigan the thinning out is toward the South, or in a contrary direction. In
Illinois the formation thins out from the West toward the East. The character of
this formation, its manner of deposition, the currents which must have existed
to distribute it, all indicate that this continent was an archipelago at the era of
the Carboniferous conglomerate."
In some places the conglomerate is a quartzose grit used for millstones, and
it is hence called the Millstone grit.
The Coal Measures are 14,570 feet thick in Nova Scotia, 8,000 feet in Penn-
sylvania, 2,500 feet in Tennessee, 2,000 feet in Ohio, 1,200 feet in Illinois, 640
feet in Missouri, 2,000 feet in Kansas, and a greater thickness in Nebraska.
This Group is sometimes divided into Upper and Lower Coal Measures, a
separation that seems to be founded upon the fossil contents in many places.
Land Plants, which began their existence in the Devonian era, if we except
Psilophyton princeps, became abundant in the Coal Measures. They are distri-
buted through the rocks, the shales, and the coal. Marine Vegetation, the growth
of the Marsh, and the Flora of dry land, existed in immense quantities, and was
widely distributed, but the higher orders of plants and forest trees were yet un-
known on the face of the earth.
STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 17
Among the Cephalopoda, numereus genera and species had disappeared.
The Nautilus the highest form then developed, was common, and furnishes us with
several subgeneric types, thus manifesting its prosperity, and pointing to its con-
tinuance in succeeding strata; while the Orthoceras had become rare and diminu-
tive, preparatory to interring the last of the family in this Group of rocks.
Among the Gasteropoda there was a decided advancement from the marine
forms, to the land snails of the genus Pupa.
Among the Articulates the progress in animal life was still more clearly
manifested, not only in the appearance of the marine forms of the genera JSu-
proops, Acanthotelson, and Anthrapalcemon, but in the appearance of terrestrial
insects of the family Neuropteridm; Myriapods of the genera Eoscorpius, Ma-
zonia and Architarbus; while the Trilobites that swarmed in frail hulks in earlier
days gradually became extinct.
The wheel of evolution rolled yet more rapidly among the Vertebrata. The
fish became more diversified and more highly organized. Amphibian animals
made their appearance in several families, some of them were protected by scales,
others were not; some had long vertebral columns, others had short ones; some
had limbs well developed, and in form were lizard-like, while others were desti-
tute of limbs or possessed them weak and half developed.
The Permian Group was so named by Murchison from Perm, a government
in Russia. This Group is known only in the country West of the Mississippi,
and is so intimately connected with the Coal Measures as to be hardly separable.
Its maximum thickness does not exceed 500 feet. The maximum thickness,
therefore, of the Carboniferous Groups ma}' be placed at 24,100 feet.
The Carboniferous rocks, as found in the Uinta Mountain Region, have been
subdivided by Powell and others, into four Groups, viz.: Lodore Group, Red Wall
Group, Lower Aubrey Group and Upper Aubrey Group.
The maximum thickness of the Groups forming the Paleozoic rocks of
North America, as here shown, is as follows:
Laurentian 32,750 feet.
Huronian 20,000 "
Lower Silurian 48,745 "
Upper Silurian 8,000 "
Devonian 15,235 "
Carboniferous 24,100 "
Total 148,830 feet.
This is a little over 28 miles, all of which is known to be fossiliferous, except
the three miles at the base. It ma}' be, that the thickness of some of the Groups
is overestimated, and it may be, that two Groups, which are estimated, were de-
posited at the same time, and that only one of them should be counted; but on
the other hand, it may be, that some Groups are entirely omitted, and that others
have not been measured at the place of their greatest thickness. The probability
is, therefore, that the maximum thickness of the Groups, when more certainly as-
certained, as it will be by future explorations and measurements, will not fall much,
if at all, below the present estimate.
The limestones of the Palaeozoic rocks were formed in clear ocean waters,
from the remains of calcareous shells. Their formation must have been ex-
18 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY.
tremely slow, so slow, that a foot may represent a thousand years, or even more.
The shales, clays and marls may have been deposited with greater rapidity; but
when we consider, that the change from one kind of rock-forming material to an-
other indicates a break in the continuity of time, and that great lapse of time was
necessary for the growth of the marine and land vegetation, which formed the coal
found between beds of clay and shale, we are led to the conclusion, that the time
which elapsed between two separate beds of clay and shale, or marl, added to the
time necessary for the deposition of their materials, will, on the whole, make their
formation as slow as that of the limestones. The sandstones and conglomerates,
particularly those of the Coal Measures, seem to have been made up of trans-
ported materials, and were therefore deposited much faster than the limestones,
though but few of them appear to have been made with any rapidity. The even-
ness of the strata, over a great extent of country, indicates slowness in trans-
portation and deposit. The fact, that the materials must have been taken from
pre-existing rocks, by the water, before transportation, tends again to convince us
of the slowness of their formation. From these considerations, it would not be
extravagant to say, that paheozoic time represents more than one hundred millions
of years, and we would close our eyes against the testimony of the rocks, were we
to conclude that palaeozoic time could be estimated by years less than many
millions.
The vegetable kingdom began with the lowest of its kind, the algae or sea
weeds, and with the lowest forms of these. The development was as gradual as
the deposition of the strata. It was not until the Devonian age, that land plants
appeared of sufficient firmness for preservation, if we except Dawson's Psilophyton,
which probably grew in a marsh. These were of the lowest classes. The}- be-
came more diffuse and diversified with the lapse of time ; but the palaeozoic era
closed without the appearance of any of the higher orders or classes.
The animal kingdom likewise began with the lowest of its kind, the Eozoon
canadense. The learned Dr. Haeckel has established the fifth sub-kingdom in
animal life to include forms below the Radiata, and therefore very nearby related
to inorganic matter. This sub-kingdom he has called Protista. The Eozoon
canadense, under this classification, belongs to the order Polythalamia, sub-class
Badiolaria, class lihizopoda, sub-kingdom Protista. Ages passed, about which
we know very little, before the period of the St. John's Group, which ushered in
the lower Silurian. At this time we find the lowest forms of the Radiates, Mol-
lusks and Articulates. The Articulates are represented by the lowest forms of
theTrilobites, which, in their perfect state, represented the embryonic condition
of the existing Limulus. Millions of years pass by again, before the appear-
ance of Gasteropoda, and Cephalopoda, in the Upper Potsdam Group ; meantime
the system of life, which commenced with the lowest forms, as if by spontaneous
generation, by evolution, increases species and genera and reaches a higher and still
higher grade of development. Later still, in the Calciferous Group, the Lamelli-
branchiata commenced its existence; a class that has fought its way through all
succeeding time, and is even now in the height of its prosperity and advancement.
All classes of life, which existed in the ocean, up to the first appearance of the
Lamellibranchiata, continued to live, develop, increase their species and genera,
and improve, through millions of years, before the Vertebrates first made their ap-
STRATTGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 19
pearance in the Devonian seas. During all this time, the earth was barren and
lifeless. Mighty changes had taken place, mud had been deposited on the bed
of the ocean many miles in thickness, and life had grown from its mineral origin
in the ocean, until it had nearly the strength to maintain itself on land; but all
this had been accomplished as silently as the earth moves in her orbit. The
same gradual development continued throughout each sub-kingdom to the close
of the Carboniferous period. The evolution in animal forms was as slow as time,
and quite as monotonous, except in the constant progress to a higher and more
complicated existence. The Coal Measures furnish us with fish-like remains,
having the limbs of a frog or the breathing capacit}" of a tailed batrachian.
Several genera have been made from the fossil remains of this period, which
bridge the chasm, from the Ganoid fish to the batrachian and the lacertian. The
highest Palaeozoic type of animal life, yet known, Prof. Dawson has called
Hylonomus lyelli. The distinguished principal of McGill College says, that it pre-
sents characters partly allying it to the newts and other batrachians and partly
to the true lizards. The structure of the skull and vertebrae resembling a
batrachian, and the well developed ribs, broad pelvis, and cutaneous covering
assimilating it to the true lizards.
The following inferences are therefore to be drawn from the testimony af-
forded by the Palaeozoic rocks:
First. That the maximum thickness of the Groups of strata is from twen-
ty-five to thirty miles.
Second. That it required many millions of years for the formation of these
Groups. , .
Third. That both vegetable and animal life commenced an existence, in
the lowest forms, such as might have been produced by a concentration of chemi-
cal forces, or, by what has been called spontaneous generation.
Fourth. That, b} r processes of evolution, vegetable life developed from
marine forms to land plants.
Fifth. That animal life began in the sub-kingdom Protista; from this sub-
kingdom, by processes of evolution and the survival of the fittest, there arose
Radiates, Mollusks, Articulates and Vertebrates. Each of these sub-kingdoms
is now in the highest state of its development, though many families and some
orders in each sub-kingdom have had their day and become extinct, or have been
on the decline for untold ages.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
PLAITTJB
The genus Prototaxites was founded by Dawson upon fossil wood, supposed to resemble
the genus Taxites. The same author founded the genus Nematoxylon, upon what he supposed
to be nearly related fossil wood. Mr. Carruthers examined the same specimens and pro-
nounced them both Algae, and founded the new genus Nematophycm. Seeds, stems, roots
and other organs of uncertain affinity, have received generic and specific names. Some
fossils are classed by some authors with the Algae, as Cruziana, Scolithux, etc., while others
regard them as tracks of marine animals. Authors are not in accord, even on the arrange-
ment of the fronds and branches of ferns into families. For these reasons, I have not
undertaken to arrange the fossils of the vegetable kingdom, represented in the palaeozoic
rocks, into families.
Acanthophytox, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18. [Ety. akantha, a
thorn ; phyton, a plant.]
spinosum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
thorny.]
Alethopteris, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. alethos, true ;
pteris, a fern.]
acuta, Brongniart, 18 2 8, (Pecopteris
acuta) Prodrome d'un Histoire des
Vegetaux Fossiles, Coal Meas. [Sig.
acute.]
aquilina, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
aquilina) Prodr. Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. aquilimis, like an
eagle ; from Pteris aquilina, the eagle
brake.]
bunburyi, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
coxana, Lesquereux, 1861, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
crenulata, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
crenulata) Prodr. Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. slightly crenulated
or zigzagged.]
cristata, Gutbier, 1843, (Pecopteris cris-
tata) in Geea von Sachsen, Coal Meas.
[Sig. crested.]
discrepans, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Devonian. [Sig. different.]
distans, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo. Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the dis-
tant pinnules.]
emarginata, Gceppert, 1836, (Pecopteris
emarginata) Syst. Filic. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. without a border.]
erosa, Gutbier, 1843, (Pecopteris erosa) in
Gsea von Sachsen, Coal Meas. [Sig.
eroded.]
falcata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. sickle-shaped.]
grandifolia, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. large-leaved.]
grandis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. grand, large.]
halli, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
heterophylla, Lindley & Hutton, 1833,
(Pecopteris heterophylla) Foss. Flora,
Coal Meas. [Sig. irregularly-leaved.]
holdeni, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hymenophylloides, Lesquereux, 18 7 0,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from resemblance to Hymenophyllites.']
inflata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. inflated.]
ingens, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., De-
vonian. [Sig. huge.]
laevis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. smooth.]
lanceolata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. lance-
shaped.]
lonchitidis, Sternberg, 1824, (Filicites
lonchiticus) Vers. Darst. Flora der
Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety. from Lon-
chitis; the fern, " adder's tongue."]
longifolia, Presl, 1838, (Pecopteris longi-
folia) in Sternb. Flora der Vorwelt,
Coal Meas. [Sig. long-leaved.]
macrophylla, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. long-leaved.]
marginata, Brongniart, 1828, (Neuropteris
marginata) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. bordered.]
massillonis, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
maxima, Andrews, 1875, Ohio. Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. the largest.]
PLANTS.
mazonana, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
muricata, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
muricata) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Sig. armed with thorns.]
nervosa, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
nervosa) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Sig. full of nerves.]
ohscura, Lesquereux, 185 8, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the ohscure nerves.]
oweni, Lesquereux, I860, Geo. Rep. Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name, j
pectinata, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. sloping
two ways, like a comb.]
pennsylvanica, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo.
Sur. Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
perleyi, Hart, 1868, Acad. Geol., Devon-
ian. [Ety. proper name.]
pluckeneti, Schlotheim, 1820, (Filicites
pluckeneti) Petref., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
preciosa, see Pecopteris preciosa.
pteroideg, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
pteroides) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Sig. wing-formed.]
rugosa, Lesquereux, 1858, Catal. Potts-
ville Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled.]
serlii, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris ser-
lii) Hist. Veg. Foss.. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
serrula, Lesquereux, 18 58, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. di-
minutive of serra, a saw.]
serrulata, see Pecopteris serrulata.
solida, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. solid.]
spinulosa, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4. [Sig. full of little spines.]
stellata, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2. [Sig. starred.]
taeniopteroidea, Bunbury, 18 47, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. like Tseniopteris.']
urophylla, Brongniart, 1828, (Pecopteris
urophylla) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. sharp-leaved.]
Anarthrocanna, Goeppert, 1845, in Tchih.
Voy. [Ety. an, without ; arthros,
joint ; canna, a plant.]
perryana, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Aneimitks, Dawson, 1861, Quar. Jour. Geol.
Soc, vol. 17 — A subgenus of Oychpteris.
acadim, see Cyclopteris acadica.
Annularia, Sternberg, 1822, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. annulus, a
ring.] Wood, in 1860, proposed the
name Trochophyllum instead of An-
nularia, because the latter was pre-
occupied as a generic name in the
sub-kingdom Mollusca.
acuminata, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat., vol.
6, Devonian. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
calamitoidea, Schimper, 1869, Pal. Veget.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. like a Calamite.~\
dawsoni, Schimper, 1869, Palseontologie
Vegetale, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.] Proposed for Asterophyllites
latifolius, of Dawson, because that
name was preoccupied,
equisetiformis, Lindley & Hutton, 1835,
Foss. Flora, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the resemblance to Equisetum.']
fertilis, Sternb., 1824, Vers. Darst. Flora
der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig. fertile.]
inflata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. inflated.]
laxa, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Canada,
Devonian. [Sig. loose, open.]
longifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Prodrome
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
longus, long; folium, a leaf.]
minuta, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. minute.]
sphenophylloides, Zenker, 1833, (Galium
sphenophylloides) in Leonh. v.
Bronn's Jahrb.,Coal Meas. [Ety. sjrfien,
a wedge; phyllon, a leaf; eidos, form.]
Antholithes, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du
Mus. d'Hist. Nat., vol. 8. [Ety. anthos,
flower; lithos, stone.]
devonicus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
floridus, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. full of flowers.]
priscus, Newberry, 1854, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
pygmeus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. dwarfish.]
rhabdocarpus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Ety. rhabdos, a
rod; karpos, fruit.]
squamosus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
spinosus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Coal
Meas. [Sig. full of spines.]
Araucarites, Presl, 1838, in Sternberg, Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. arau-
carites, from Araucaria, a genus of large
trees growing in the Southern hemis-
phere, especially in Australia.]
gracilis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
Arch^eopteris, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8. [Ety. archaios, ancient ; pteris, fern. ]
acadica, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
harti, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
obtusa, Lesquei-eux, 1858, (Nceggerathia
obtusa) Geo. Sur. Penn., vol. 2, Devon-
ian. [Sig. obtuse.]
stricta, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. pressed together.]
Arthraria, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2.
[Ety. arthron, a joint.]
antiquata, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
biclavata, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
double-clubbed.]
PLANTS.
23
Arthrophycus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2. [Ety. arthron, a joint; phykos, a
sea plant.]
harlani, Conrad, 1838, (Fucoides harlani)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina sandstone.
[Ety. proper name.]
Arthrostigma, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada. [Ety. arthron, a joint ; stigma,
a dot or puncture.]
gracile, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. slender.]
Artisia, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst. Flora
der Yorwelt. [Ety. proper name.]
transversa, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
transversus) Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. transverse.]
Asplexites, Goeppert, 1836,Systema Filicum
Fossilium. [Ety. Asplenium, a genus
of ferns.]
ruber, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. ruber, red.]
Asterocarpls, Goeppert, 1836, Syst. Fil. Foss.
[Ety. aster, a star ; karpos, fruit.]
grandis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. great.]
sternbergi, Goeppert, 1836, Syst. Filic.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Asterophycts, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann.
Rep. Geol. Sur. Ind. [Ety. aster, a star;
phykos, a sea weed.]
coxi, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann. Rep.
Geol. Sur. Ind., Low. Carb. & Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Asterophyli.ites^ Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. aster, a star;
phyllon, a leaf.]
acicularis, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.Geol.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. full of
small pins.]
apertus, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from opening
between leaves and stem.]
brardi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
crassicaulis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. crassus,
thick ; caulis, a stem.]
curia, see Bechera curta.
equisetiformis, Schlotheim, 1824, in Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas.
[Ety. like unto Equisetum.~\
erectifolius, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. leaves erect.]
foliosus, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. full of leaves.]
gracilis, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
grandis, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. great.]
lanceolatus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the lanceolate point of the leaf.]
latifolius, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geol.
Soc, vol. 18, see Annularia dawsoni.
laxus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Devon-
ian. [Sig. loose.]
lentus, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. pliant, tough.]
longifolius, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. long-
leaved.]
minutus, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
ovalis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the
oval nuts.]
parvulus, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geol.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. small.]
rigidus, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. rigid.]
scutigerus, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geol. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
shield-bearing.]
sublaivis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. nearly
smooth.]
trinervis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. three-veined.]
tuberculatus, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
covered with tubercles.]
Bechera, Sternberg, 1824, Vers. Darst. Flora
der Vorwelt. [Ety. proper name.]
Becheria would be better orthography,
curta, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Coal
Meas. [Sig. short.]
grandis, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. great.]
tenuis, Bunbury, 1846, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2d series, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
thin, slender.]
Beixertia, Goeppert, 1836, Syst. Filic Foss.
[Ety. proper name.]
gcepperti, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Brachyphyllum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. brachys, short;
phyllon, a leaf.]
obtusum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. obtuse.]
Buthotrepiiis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
[Sig. growing in the depths of the sea.]
antiquata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
(?) csespitosa, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. turf-like.]
flexuosa. Emmons, 1844, (Fucoides flex-
uosa) Tac Syst., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
crooked.]
gracilis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton to Clinton Gr. [Sig. slender.]
gracilis var. crassa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. crassus, thick.]
gracilis var. intermedia, Hall, 1852, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Trenton to Clinton Gr.
[Ety. intermediate in size between the
gracilis and crassa.']
impudica, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. shameless, immod-
est.]
lesquereuxi, Grote & Pitt, 1876, Buff. Soc.
Nat. Hist., Water Lime Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] ,
palmata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. palmate, having lobes
like the fingers of the hand.]
24
PLANTS.
ramosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. branching.]
ramulosa, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. full of little
branches.]
subnodosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud.Riv.Gr. [Sig. somewhat nodose.]
succulens, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. succulens, sappy,
from the succulent stems.]
Calamites, Guettard, 1751, Mem. Ac. Sci.
Paris, [Ety. calamus, a reed.]
approximate," Schlotheim, 1820, Petre-
factenkunde, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the closeness of the joints.]
arenaceus, Jager, 1827, Pflanzen-Verst-
einerungen, Coal Meas. [Sig. sandy.]
bistriatus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. double-
striated.] This name was preoccu-
pied bv Sternberg.
cannEeformis, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefac-
tenkunde, Coal Meas. [Sig. like the
plant, canna.} t
cisti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
cruciatus, Sternberg, 1824, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
cross-shaped.]
decoratus, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
decoratus) Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ornamented.]
disjunctus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. sepa-
rated into joints.]
dubius, Artis, 1838, Antedil. Phytology,
Coal Meas. [Sig. doubtful.]
gigas, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
gracilis, Lesquereux, 1861, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
inornatus, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
unadorned.]
nodosus, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefacten-
kunde, Coal Meas. [Sig. knotty, knob-
bed.]
nova-scoticus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
pachyderma, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. thick-barked.]
ramosus, Artis, 1838, Antedil. Phytology,
Coal Meas. [Sig. branching.]
suckovi, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.Veg.Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
sulcatus, Martin, 1809, (Phytolithus sul-
catus) Petrif. Derb., Coal Meas. [Sig.
furrowed.]
tramitionis, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Devonian. [Sig. going across,
passage.] This name was preoccupied
by Gceppert in 1834.
undulatus, Sternberg, 1824, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wavy*.]
voltzi, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Calamodendron, Binney, 1868, Observ. on
the Struct, of Foss. Plants, etc. [Ety.
calamus, a reed ; dendron, a tree.]
antiquum, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. ancient.]
obscurum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. obscure, hidden.]
tenuistriatum, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. fine-lined.]
Calamocladus, Schimper, 1869, Palseontolo-
gie Vegetale. Proposed to include As-
terophyllites equisetiformis, A. foliosus, A,
longifolius, A. rigidus & Bechera grandis,
Callipter'is, Brongniart, 1828,Tabl. desVeg.
Foss. (Ety. kalhs, beautiful ; pteris, a
fern.]
sullivanti, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Cardiocakpon, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. [Ety. kardia, a heart;.
karpos, fruit.]
affine, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. of Ark.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. near to.]
annulatum, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci.,.
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. ringed.]
baileyi, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Devo-
nian, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name,
bicuspidatum, Sternberg, 1820, (Carpo-
lithes bicuspidatus) Flora der Vorwelt,
Coal Meas. [Sig. double-pointed.]
bisectum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. divided.]
cornutum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. horned.]
crampi, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Devon-
ian. [Ety. proper name.]
elongatum, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. lengthened.]
fluitans, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. floating.]
ingens, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. of Ark.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. huge, large.]
latum, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci., voL
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. broad.]
marginatum, Artis, 18 38, Antedil.
Phytol., Coal Meas. [Sig. margined.]
minus, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
newberryi, Andrews* 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
obliquum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. oblique.]
orbiculare, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. orbicular.]
ovale, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
plicatum, Lesquereux. 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. plaited.]
punctatum, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. punctate.]
retusum, Sternberg, 1820, (Carpolithes
retusus) Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas.
[Sig. blunt.]
samarseforme, Newberry, 1853, Ann. Sci.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. like elm seed.]
tenellum, Dawson, 1873, Rep. Foss.Plants,
Low. Carb. [Sig. delicate.]
PLANTS.
25
trevortoni, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur,
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Carpolitiies, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefacten-
kunde. [Ety. karpos, fruit; lithos,
stone.]
bicuspidatus, see Cardiocarpon bicuspi-
dutum.
bifidus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. bifid,
cloven.]
bullatus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. studded with
knobs.]
cistula, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. a little chest
or coffer.]
clavalus. see Rhabdocarpus clavatus.
compactus, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. compact.]
corticosus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. having
thick bark.]
disjunctus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. sepa-
rated.]
fascU-ulatus, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. a small
bundle.]
fragarioides, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. resembling a
strawberry.]
jacksonensis, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
limatus, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. elegant.]
multistriatus, Presl, 1833, in Sternberg
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
many-lined.]
persicaria, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. Persicaria,
an existing genus of plants.]
platimarginatus, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo.
Sur. Ark., Coal Meas. [Sig. flat-mar-
gined.]
retwus, see Cardiocarpon retusum.
siliqua, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. a pod.]
spicatus, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. spiked.]
trilocularis, see Trigonocarpon triloculare,
umbonatus, Sternberg, 1820, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
having a shield.]
vesicularis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. bladder-
like.]
Caulerpites, Sternb, 1833, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. kaulos, stem ;
erpo, to creep.]
marginatus, Lesquereux, 1866, Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13,Coal Meas. [Sig. bordered.]
Caulopteris, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora. [Ety. kaulos, stem ; pteris, iem."]
acanthophora, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. thorn-
bearing.]
antiqua, Newberry, 1871, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 27, Devonian. [Sig. ancient.]
cisti, Brongniart, 1828, (Sigillaria cisti)
Prodr. Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
gigantea, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. large]
insignis, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. remarkable.]
intermedia, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. intermedi-
ate between Sigillaria macrodiscus and
Caulopteris cisti.]
lockwoodi, Dawson, 1871, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 27, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
obtecta, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. covered.]
peregrina, Newberry, 1871, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 27, Devonian. [Sig.
foreign, strange.]
punctata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. dotted.]
The name was preoccupied by Gcep-
pert in 1836.
wortheni, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Chondrites, Sternberg, 1833, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. from its
resemblance to Chondrus crispus, or
Irish moss.]
antiquus, Brongniart, 1828, (Fucoides an-
tiquiis) Hist. Veg. Foss., Devonian.
[Sig. ancient.]
colletti, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
targioni, Brongniart, 1828, {Fucoides targi-
oni) Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Conostichus, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Ind. [Ety. konos, a
cone; sticJws, a row.]
ornatus, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Ind., Coal Meas. [Sig.
adorned.]
Cordaites, Unger, 1850, Gen. et. sp., p. 277.
[Ety. proper name.]
angustifolius, Dawson, 1861,Can.Nat.,vol.
6, Ham. Gr. [Sig. narrow-leaved.]
angustifolius, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. The name was
preoccupied,
borassifolius, Sternberg, 1820,(Flabellaria
borassifolia) Vers. Darst. Flora der
Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety. leaved
like Borassus.~]
flexuosus, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. winding,
full of turns.]
robbi, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat., vol. 6,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
simplex, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. simple.]
Crematopteris, Schimper, 1865, Monograph,
Foss. Plants. [Sig. hanging-fern.]
pennsylvanica, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo.
Sur. Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
26
PLANTS.
Cruziana, D'Orbigny, 1842, Geo. du Voy.
Amer. [FAy. proper name.]
linnarrsoni, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. propername.]
rustica, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. plain, simple.]
similis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. like in aspect.]
Cyclopteris, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. [Ety. kuklos, a circle ; pteris,
a fern.]
acadica, Dawson, 1861, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 17, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
alleghaniensis, Meek, 1876, Desc. Foss.
Plants Va., Ponent or Vespertine Gr.,
near base of Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
antiqua, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
browni, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
bockschi, Goeppert, 1836, (Adiantites
bochschii) Syst. Filic. Foss. See Noeg-
gerathia bockschi.
crispa, Germ. & Kaulf, 1831, (Filicites
crispa) Nova. Acta. Acad., vol. 15,
Coal Meas. [Sig. wavy.]
elegans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn.,vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
fimbriata, see Neuropteris fimbriata.
flabellata, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. like a
fan.]
germari, Gutbier, 1835, Verst. Zwick.
Schwarzk., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
hallana, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic. Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hispida, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. rough, hairy.]
hirsuta, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. hairy.]
incerta, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc.,vol. 18, Ham.Gr. [Sig. uncertain.]
jacksoni, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat., vol. 6,
Catskill Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laciniata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn.,vol. 2,Coal Meas. [Sig. fringed.]
lescuriana, Meek, 1876, Desc. Foss. Plants
Va., Ponent or Vespertine Gr., near
base of Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
oblata, Lindley & Hutton, 1837, Foss.
Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. oblate.]
obliqua, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. oblique.]
obtusa, Lesquereux, 1858, (Nceggerathia
obtusa) Geo. Sur. Penn., vol. 2, Devo-
nian. See Archseopteris obtusa.
orbicularis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg.Foss.,Coal Meas. [Sig. orbicular.]
rogersi, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geol.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
trichomanoides, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. Trichom-
anes, the maiden-hair fern; ados, form.]
undans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. waved.]
valida, Dawson, 1862,Quar. Jour.Geo.Soc,
vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. sound, strong.]
varia, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.Geo. Soc,
vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. changing.]
virginiana, Meek, 1876, Desc. Foss. Plants
Va., Ponent or Vespertine Gr., near
base of Low.Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
wilsoni, Wood, 1860, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyclostigma, Haughton, 1860, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 3d series, vol. 5. [Ety. kuklos,
a circle ; stigma, a dot or puncture.]
densifolium, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Can., Devonian. [Sig. dense-leaved.]
Dadoxylon, Endlicher, 1840, Syn. Con.
[Sig. pine or torch- wood.]
acadianum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
annulatum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. annulated.]
antiquum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
halli, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 18, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
materiarium, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. belonging
to wood.]
newberryi, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Can., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
ouangondianum, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat.,
vol. 6, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Dan.eites, Goeppert, 1836, Syst. Filic. Foss.
[Ety. proper name.]
asplenioides var. major, Bunbury, 1846,
Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol. 2, Coal
Meas. [Sig. large.]
Dictyolites, see Dictyophyton.
becki, see Dictyophyton becki.
Dictyophyton, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. dictyon, a net; phyton, a plant.]
annulatum, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. ringed.]
becki, Conradi, 1837,(Lithodictuon becki)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina sandstone.
[Ety. proper name.]
conradi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
fenestratum, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
filitextile, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. woven like threads.]
newberryi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nodosum, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. knotted.]
redfieldi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
rude, Hall, 1863, 16th Rep. Rep., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. rude.]
tuberosum, Conrad, 1842, (Hydnoceras
tuberosum) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Sig. composed
of tuber-like parts.]
Dictyopteris, Gutbier, 1835, Verst. Zwick.
Schwarzk. [Ety. dictyon, a net ; pteris,
a fern.]
PLANTS.
27
neuropteroidea, Gutbier, 1852,Verst. Stein
Sachs., Coal Meas. [Sig. like Neurop-
teris.]
obliqua, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc.,vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. oblique.]
rubella, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4,Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat red.]
Didvmophyllum, Gceppert, 1841, Gatt. der
Foss. Pflanzen. [Ety. didymos, double ;
phyllon, a leaf.]
reniforme, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Ham. Gr. [Sig. kidney-
shaped.] [nata.
Diplazites emarginatus see Pecopteris emargi-
Diplostegium, Corda, 1845, Beitrage zur
Flora derVorwelt. [Ety. diplos, double;
stege, a covering.]
brownanum, Corda, 1845, Beitrage zur
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
retusum, Dawson, 18G3, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. turned back.]
trnncatum, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. trun-
cated, cut off.]
Eophyton, Torell. [Ety. eos, dawn ; phyton,
a plant.]
jukesi, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
linnseanum (?) Torell, Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
explanatum, Dawson, 1870, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Low. Arenig rocks. [Sig. spread
out.]
Equisetites, Sternberg, 1833, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. Equus, a horse;
seta, a hair or bristle ; in allusion to
the resemblance 'to a horse-tail.]
columnaris, Brongniart, 1828, (Equisetum
columnaris) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. columnar.]
curtus, Dawson, 1863, Syn. Carb. Flora in
Can. Nat.,vol. 8,Coal Meas. [Sig. short.]
occidentalis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. western.]
stellifolius, Harlan, 1835, (Equisetum
stellifolium) Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. Stella, a star, and
folium, a leaf; in allusion to the
whorled leaves.]
Equisetum, see Equisetites.
columnare, see Equisetites columnaris.
stellifolium, see Equisetites stellifolius.
Eremopteris, Schimper, 1869, Traite de
Palpeontologie Vegetale. [Ety. eremos,
solitary ; pteris, a fern.]
artemisisefolia, Sternberg, 1824, (Sphen-
opteris artemisiaifolia) Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
leaved like the plant Artemisia.]
marginata, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. bordered.]
Filiciks crispa, see Cyclopteris crispa.
lonchiticus, see Alethopteris lonchitidis.
pennseformis, see Pecopteris pennseformis.
pluckeneti, see Alethopteris pluckeneti.
Flabellaria boi-assifolia, see Cordaites boras-
sifolius.
Fucoides, Brongniart, 1822, in Memoires de
la Soc. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety.
funis, sea weed; eidos, form.]
alleghanensis, Harlan, 1830,' Jour. Acad.
Nat. ScL, vol. 6, Carb. See Harlania
halli.
auriformis, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Medina and Clinton Gr. Prof.
Hall says, in 1852, that this can
scarcely be referred to the organic
remains.
bilobata, see Rusophycus bilobatus.
brongniarti, see Harlania halli.
cauda-galli, see Spirophyton cauda-galli.
demissus,Conr&d, 1838, probably Phytopsis
tubulosa.
dentatus, M. Brongniart, see Diplograptus
pristiniformis.
flexuosa, see Buthotrephis flexuosa.
gracilis, see Buthotrephis gracilis.
graphica, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. written.]
harlani, see Arthrophycus harlani.
Iieterophyttus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Medina and Clinton Gr.
Not likely the remains of an organic
substance.
retort, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. a retort.]
rigidus, syn. for Buthotrephis flexuosa.
secalinus, see Graptolithus and Diplograp-
tus secalinus.
serra, Brongniart, see Graptolithus bryon-
oides.
simplex, Emmons, see Graptolithus and
Diplograptus secalinus.
velum, see Spirophyton velum.
verticals, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. vertical.]
Galium sphenophylloides,see Annularia sphen-
ophylloides.
Gordia marina, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
Not the remains of any organic form ;
it is described as a track, see Helmin-
thoidichnites.
Halonia, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.,
Flora. [Ety. from its close affinity
with Halonia.']
pulchella, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark. ,vol. 2,Coal Meas. [Sig. beautiful.]
tuberculata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. tuberculated.]
Harlania, Gceppert, 1852, Foss. Flora des
Ueberg. [Ety. proper name.] Syn.
for Arthrophycus.
halli, Gceppert, 1852, Foss. Flora des
Ueberg, (Fucoides alleghaniensis, F.
brongniarti, and F. harlani) Medina
Gr. to Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Syn. for Arthrophycus harlani.
Hippodophycus, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. hippodos, horse-foot; phukos, a
sea plant.]
cowlesi, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Hymenophyllites, Gceppert, 1836, Syst.
Filic. Foss. [Ety. hymen, a membrane ;
phyllon, a leaf.]
28
PLANTS.
adnascens, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. grow-
ing upon.]
alatus, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.
(Sphenopteris alata) Coal Meas. [Sig.
winged.]
aflinis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. near to.]
arborescens, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. branch-
ing like a tree.]
ballantini, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
capillaris, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. capillus,
hair.]
clarki, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur., 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
curtilobus, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo!. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
short-lobed.]
delicatulus, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. delicate.]
fimbriatus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2,Coal Meas. [Sig. fringed.]
flexicaulis, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. flexible.]
furcatus, Brongniart, 1828, (Sphenopteris
furcata) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Sig. forked.]
gersdorfi, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic.
Foss. Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
giganteus, see Hymenophyllites lactuca.
gutbieranus, Unger, 1850, Gen. et. sp.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hildrethi, Lesquereux, 1861, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
inflai|is, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. inflated.]
lactuca, Sternberg, 1833, (Schizopteris
lactuca) Vers. Darst. Flora der Vor-
welt, Coal Meas. [Sig. the plant
Lettuce.]
mollis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. flexible.]
myriophyllus, Brongniart, 1828, (Sphen-
opteris myriophylla) Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. many-
leaved.]
pentadactylus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. five-
fingered.]
pinnatifidus, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. pinnatus,
winged; fidus, cleft.]
schlotheimi, Brongniart, 1828, (Sphenop-
teris schlotheimi) Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
spinosus, Gceppert, 1841, (Sphenopteris
spinosa) Gatt. Foss. Pflanzen, Coal
Meas. [Sig. spiny.]
splendens, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. splendid.]
strongi, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
subfurcatus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Devonian. [Ety. from resemblance to
H. furcatus.]
tenuifolius, Brongniart, 1828, (Sphenop-
teris tenuifolia) Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig slender-leaved.]
thallyformis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. frond-like.]
trichomanoides, Brongniart, 1828,(Sphen-
opteris trichomanoides) Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. from resem-
blance to Trichomanes, or maiden-
hair.]
tridactylites, Brongniart, 1828, (Sphenop-
teris tridactylites) Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. three-fingered.]
Ichnophycus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. ichnos, a foot print; phukos, a
sea weed.]
tridactylus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. three-fingered.]
Knorria, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. proper
name.]
imbricata, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Chester Gr. [Sig.
imbricated.]
selloni, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
taxina, Lindley & Hutton, 1833-5, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. like the Yew
tree.]
Lepidodendron, Sternberg, 1821, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. lepis, a scale ;
dmdron, a tree.]
aculeatum, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
very sharp or needle-like.]
binerve, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. double
nerved.]
bordae, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
carinatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. the
margins of the scars are keeled.]
chemungense, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
chilallceum, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. chilos, fodder ;
alloios, of another kind.]
clypeatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. a shield.]
conicum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the conical scars.]
corrugatum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian and Low.
Carb. [Sig. corrugated.]
costatum, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
crenatum, Sternberg, 1820, Vers. Darst,
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
crenate.]
cruciatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. tormented,
twisted.]
decurtatum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. curtailed.]
PLANTS.
29
dichotomum, Sternberg, 1820, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
dividing into two.]
dikrocheilmn, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. two-edged.]
dilatatum, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. widened.]
diplostegiodes, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo.
Sur. Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. re-
sembling DipIostegium.~]
distans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the distant scars.]
elegans, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
forulatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. having
long, narrow furrows.]
gaspanum, Dawson, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Catskill Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
giganteum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. very
large.]
graoile, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
greeni, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
harcourti, Witham, 1832, Trans. Nat.
Hist. Soc, New, upon Tyne, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
mammillatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. mam-
millated.]
mielecki, Goeppert, 1836, Syst. Filic. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
modulatum, Lesquereux, I860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. modu-
lated.]
morrisanum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper-
name.]
obovatum, Sternberg, 1820, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the obovate scars.]
obscurum, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. obscure,
not distinct.]
obtusum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the obtuse bases of the scars.]
oculatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. hav-
ing eyes.]
personatum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo.,vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. masked.]
pictoense, Dawson, 1863,Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
plicatum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. folded.]
plumarium, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. em-
broidered with feathers.]
primaevum, Rogers, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. first formed.]
radiato-plicatum, Dawson, 18 7 3, Rep.
Foss. Plants, Low. Carb. [Ety. raa%-
atiis, radiated; plicatus, folded.]
radicans, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. rooted.]
rectangulum, Wood, I860, Proc. Acad.
Nat.Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. rectangular.]
rigens, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. stifi'.]
rimosum, Sternberg, 1820, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
full of clefts.]
rugosum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled. ]
rushvillense, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
salebrosum, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. rough.]
scobiniforme, Meek, 18 76, Desc. Foss.
Plants Va., Ponent or Vespertine Gr.,
near the base of the Low. Carb. [Sig.
rasp-like.]
selaginoides, Sternberg, 1824, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the plant Selago.]
sigillarioides, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
its resemblance to Siijillaria.]
simplex, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. simple.]
sternbergi, Lindley & Hutton, 1S35, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name. ]
tijoui, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
tumidum, Bunbury, 1847, (Lepidophloios
tumidum) Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. tumid.]
turbinatum, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. top-
shaped.]
undulatum, Gutbier, 1843, in Gsea von
Sachsen, Coal Meas. [Sig. wavy.]
ur;eum,Wodd, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. belonging to the tail.]
veltheimanum, Sternberg, 1823, Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt, Chester Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
vestitum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. clothed,
covered.]
wortheni, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Leptophixeum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18. [Ety. leptos, slender ;
pMois, the bark of a tree.]
rhombicum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
rhomb-like.]
Lepidophloios, Sternberg, 1823, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. lepis, a
scale; ]>hk>ios, the bark.]
acadianus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
antiquus, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. ancient.]
auriculatus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. ear-like.]
crassicaulis, Corda, 1833, in Flora der Vor-
welt, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. thick-
stemmed.]
30
PLANTS.
ichthyolepis, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. ichthys, a
fish ; lepis, a scale.]
irregularis, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2,CoalMeas. [Sig. irregular.]
laricinus, Sternberg, 1823, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from resemblance to the larch tree.]
lesquereuxi, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal.
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
obcordatus, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. inversely,
heart-shaped.]
parvus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
platystigma, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. flat-
scarred.]
prominulus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. project-
ing a little.]
protuberans, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. protu-
berant.]
tetragonus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. quad-
rangular.]
tumidus, see Lepidodendron tumidum.
Lepidophyllum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. kpis, a scale ;
phyllon, a leaf.]
acuminatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. sharp-
pointed.] The name was preoccupied
by Gutbier in 1843.
affine, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2,CoalMeas. [Sig. closely related.]
auriculatum, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2,Coal Meas. [Sig. ear-shaped.]
brevifolium, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., Coal Meas. [Ety. brevis, short ;
folium, a leaf.]
fohaceum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. leaf-like. ]
hastatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. halbert-
shaped.]
intermedium, Lindley & Hutton, 1833,
Foss. Flora, vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig.
intermediate.]
lanceolatum, Lindley & Hutton, 1831-33,
Foss. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. lanceo-
late.]
majum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodrome d'une
Histoire de Vegetaux, Fossiles, Coal
Meas. [Sig. large.]
obtusum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. obtuse.]
plicatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. folded.]
rostellatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. little-
beaked.]
striatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. striated.]
trinerve, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. three-
veined.]
Lepidostkobus, Brongniart, 18 28, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. lejyis, a scale ;
strobus, a cone.]
connivens, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. dissem-
bling, closing.]
globosus, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 6, Devonian. [Sig. globose.]
hastifolius, Lesquereux, 1866,Geo.Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. spear-leaved.]
lancifolius, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. lance-
leaved.]
longifolius, Dawson, 1863,Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. long-leaved.]
oblongifolius, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. oblong-
leaved.]
ornatus, Parkinson, 1811, Organic Re-
mains, Coal Meas. [Sig. ornate.]
ovatifolius, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. ovate-
leaved.]
pinaster, Lindley & Hutton, 1837, Foss.
Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
the cone of a Pinaster.']
princeps, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. original, prin-
cipal.]
richardsoni, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 6, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
squamosus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
trigonolepis, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the triangular scars. ]
truncatus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. truncated.]
variabilis, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. variable.]
Lescukoptebis, Schimper, 1869, Palseontolo-
gie Vegetale. [Ety. proper name;
pteris, a fern.]
moori, Lesquereux, 1858, (Neuropteris
moori) Geo. Sur. Penn., vol. 2, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Licbophycus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
[Ety. likros, a fan; phykos, sea weed.]
formosus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
hiltonensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hudsonicus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minor, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. minor, less; it is
smaller than ottaivsenste.~]
ottawsensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
robustus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. robust.]
vagans, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic,Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. wandering.]
Lonchopteeis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. [Ety. lonche, a spear ; pteris,
fern.]
PLANTS.
31
tenuis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
Lycopodites, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du
Mus. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety.
from Lycopodium, the club moss.]
annularifefolius, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. with
ring-shaped leaves.]
asterophyllita?fulius, Lesquereux, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
leaved like the Aster vpkyllites.]
cavifolius, see Selaginites cavifolius.
comosus, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo
Soc., vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. hairy.]
matthewi, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geo
vol. 6, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
meeki, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
plumulus, Dawson, 1873, Rep. Foss. Plants,
Low. Carb. [Sig. a little feather.]
richardsoni, Dawson, 1868, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
vanuxemi, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Megalopteris, Dawson, 1875. Not denned.
[Ety. megale, great; pteris, a fern.]
dawsoni, Hartt, 1868, (Neuropteris daw-
soni) Acad. Geol., Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
hartti, AndreAvs, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
lata, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. wide.]
minima, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. very small.]
ovata, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
Megaphytox, Artis, 1838, Antedil. Phytol.
[Ety. niegas, great; phyton, a shoot.]
humile, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8,Coal Meas. [Sig. small, humble.]
maclayi, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
magnificum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. splendid.]
protuberans, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig. protu-
berant.]
Myriaxites, Murchison, 1839, Sil. Syst.
[Ety. myrias, innumerable.]
murchisoni, Emmons, 1844,Taconic Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sillimani, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Nemapodia, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
[Ety. nema, thread ; podion, foot.]
tenuissima, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. fine-lined.] Prof.
Hall regards this as a recent track.]
Nematophycus, Carruthers, 1872, Month.
Micro. Jour. [Ety. nematos, a thread ;
phukos, sea weed.] This is a syn. for
Prototaxites.
logani, Carruthers, 1872, Month. Micro.
Jour., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Syn. for Prototaxites logani.
Nematoxylon, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 19. [Ety. nema, a
thread; xylon, wood.] Carruthers
says this is a syn. for Prototaxites and
belongs to the Algse.
crassum, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. thick.]
Carruthers says this is a syn. for Pro-
totaxites logani.]
tenue, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. slender.]
Carruthers says this is a syn. for Pro-
totaxites logani.]
Nephropteris, Brongniart, 1828, Tab.des gener.
elegans, see Cyclopteris elegans.
fimbriata, see Neuropteris fimbriata.
germari, see Cyclopteris germari.
hirmta, see Cyclopteris hirsuta.
laciniata, see Cyclopteris laciniata.
orbicularis, see Cyclopteris orbicularis.
trichomanoides, see Cyclopteris trichoman-
oides.
undans, see Cyclopteris undans.
Nereites, Murchison, 1839, Sil. Syst. [Ety.
from a resemblance to the track of the
Nereis.'] Prof. Hall says these species
are of Devonian age.
deweyi, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. slender.]
jacksoni, Emmons, 1844, Taconic Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lanceolatus, Emmons,1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. sword-like.]
loomisi, Emmons, 1844, Taconic Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pugnus, Emmons, 1844, Taconic. Syst.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. a hand full.]
Neriopteris, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1. [Ety. nerion, the Oleander ; pteris,
a fern.]
lanceolata, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. spear-shaped.]
Neuropteris, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du
Mus. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety.
neuron, a nerve ; pteris, a fern.]
acutifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. acute-leaved.]
adiantites, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
resemblance to Adiantum, the maiden
hair fern.]
angustifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. narrow-leaved.]
attenuata, Lindley & Hutton, 1837, Foss.
Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. atten-
uated.]
auriculata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. eared.]
capitata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. capitate.]
cisti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
clarksoni, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
32
PLANTS.
collinsi, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
cordata, Brongniart, 1828," Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. heart-shaped.]
coriacea, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. having the
texture of rough skin.]
crassa, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., De-
vonian. [Sig. thick.]
crenulata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. crenulated.]
cyclopteroides, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Cyclopteris.]
daivsoni, see Megalopteris dawsoni.
delicatula, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. small
and delicate.]
dentata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. toothed.]
desori, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
eveni, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety proper name. ]
fasciculata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. faggot-like,
in bundles.]
flmbriata, Lesquereux, 1854, Jour. Bost.
Soc.Nat.Hist.,Coal Meas. [Sig.f ringed.]
flssa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. split.]
flexuosa, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wavy.]
gibbosa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol.2, Coal Meas. [Sig. gibbous.]
gigantea, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
very large.]
grangeri, Brongniart, 1828,Hist.Veg.Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
heterophylla, Brongniart, 1822, (Filicites
heterophylla) Mem. du Mus. d'Hist.
Nat. de Paris, Coal Meas. [Ety. fieteros,
different; phyllon, a leaf.]
hirsuta, Lesquereux, 1854, Bost. Jour.
Nat. Hist., Coal Meas. [Sig. hairy.]
inflata, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. inflated.]
ingens, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. huge.]
lacerala, syn. for Neuropteris fimbriata.
linnfeifolia, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from a resemblance to the leaves of
IAnnsea borealu.']
loshi, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
marginakt, see Alethopteris roarginata.
microphylla, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Ve«.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. small-leaved.]
minor, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
moori, see Lescuropteris moori.
pachyderma, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
Ill, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. thick-
barked.]
perelegans, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. very
elegant.]
plicate, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.Flora
der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig. folded.]
polymorpha, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
many-formed.]
rarinervis, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety.
rants, few; nenms, a vein.]
retorquata, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig.turned back.]
rogersi, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
rotundifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. round-leaved^]
selwyni, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can-
ada, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
serrulata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
like a little saw.]
smilacifolia, Sternberg, 1824, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
Smilax, an existing genus; folium, a
leaf.]
soreti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
speciosa, Lesquereux, see N. rogersi.
tenuifolia, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
tenuis, narrow; folium, a leaf.]
tenuinervis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. fine-
veined.]
undans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. wavy.]
verbensefolia, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. leaved
like the Verbena.]
vermicularis, Lesquereux, 1861 , Geo. Sur.
Ky., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. worm-
shaped.]
villiersi, Brongniart, 1828,Prodr.Hist.Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
voltzi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Nckggerathia, Sternberg, 1822, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. proper
name.]
beinertiana, Gceppert, 1842, Gatt. d. Foss.
Pflanzen, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
bockschi, Gceppert, 1836, (Cyclopteris
bockschi) Syst. Filic Foss., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
bockschiana, syn. for N. bockschi.
dispar, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol, 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. different.]
flabellata, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, vol. 1 , Coal Meas. [Sig. spread
out like a fan.]
gilboensis, Dawson, 1871, Quar. Jour Geo.
Soc, vol. 27, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
minor, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol.2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the small
leaves.]
PLANTS.
n
obliqua, Gceppert, 1841, Gatt. Foss. Pflan-
zen, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the ob-
lique attachment of the leaves.] .
obtusa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. obtusus, from
the blunt termination" of the leaf.]
Prof. Dawson refers this species to the
genus Cyclopteris.
Odontopteris, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du
Mus. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety.
odous, a tooth ; pteris, a fern.]
sequalis, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. equal, of the
same shape as another.]
alata, Lesquereux, 1858, Catal. Pottsville
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. winged.]
antiqua, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
bradleyi, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
brardi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
crenulata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. crenulated.]
dubia, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. doubtful.]
gracillima, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. very slender.]
heterophvlla, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. heteros,
different ; phyllon, a leaf.]
intermedia, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. inter-
mediate.]
neuropteroides, Newberry, 1873, Ohio
Pal., vol. 1, Lower, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from its resemblance to Neuropteris.]
schlotheimi, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
squamosa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
subcuneata, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Geo.
Jour., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. some-
what wedge-shaped.]
wortheni, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Ormoxylox, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada. (Ety. ormos, a chain, a cord;
xylrni, wood.]
eriahum, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can-
ada, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Orthogonioptekis, Andrews, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2. [Ety. orthogoniopteris,
rectangular-fern.]
clara, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. clear, distinct.]
gilberti, Andrews, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Pachyphyllum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2. [Ety. pachys, thick;
phyllon, a leaf.] This name was pre-
occupied in the class Polypi. See
Rhacophyllum.
affine, see Ehacophyllum affine.
fimbriatum,see Rhacophyllum fimbriatum.
hirsutum, see Rhacophyllum hirsutum.
laceratum, see Rhacophyllum laceratum.
lactuea, see Rhacophyllum lactuca.
Pachypteris, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist,
Veg. Foss. [Ety. pachys, thick ; pteris.
fern.]
gracillima, Lesquereux, 1870,Geo. Sur. III.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. very slender.]
Pal.eochorda, McCoy, 1849, Quar. Jour.
Geol. Soc, vol. 4. [Ety. palaios,
ancient; chorde, an intestine.]
marina, Fitch, 1856, Am. Geol., Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. pertaining to the sea.]
tenuis, Fitch, 1856, Am. Geol., Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Paljsophycus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. palaios, ancient; phykos, sea-
weed.]
articulatus, Winchell, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 2d series, vol. 37, Potsdam Gr.
[Ety. from the articulated stems.]
beauharnoisensis, Billings, 1862, Pal.Foss.,
vol. 1, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
beverleyensis, Billings,1862,Pal. Foss.,vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
congregatus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. assembled to-
gether.]
divaricatus, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann.
Rep. Geol. Sur. Ind., Coal Meas. [Sig.
wide apart.]
funiculus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. a rope.]
gracilis, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann. Rep.
Geol. Sur. Ind., Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender.]
incipiens, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. the beginning.]
informis, Winchell, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, vol. 87, Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
shapeless.]
irregularis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
milleri, Lesquereux, 1876, 7th Ann. Rep.
Geol. Sur. Ind., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
obscurus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. obscure.]
rogosus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. full of wrinkles.]
simplex, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. simple.]
striatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. striated.]
tortuosus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina sandstone. [Ety. from the
tortuous branches.]
tubularis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. hollow like a pipe.]
virgatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. twig-like.]
Palseopteiis, being preoccupied, see Arch-
seopteris.
acadica, see Archseopteris acadica.
hartii, see Archseopteris harti.
Pal^oxyris, Brongniart, 1828, Ann. Sc. Nat.,
vol. 15. [Ety. palaios, ancient; Xyris,&
plant.]
appendiculata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
having lateral appendages.]
.34
PLANTS.
corrtigata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. corrugated.]
prendeli, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4,Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Pecopteris, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. duMus.
d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety. peko,
to comb; pteris, a fern.]
abbreviata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. from the short
lobes of the pinnules.]
acuta, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. acute.]
sequalis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. equal.]
aquilina, see Alethopteris aquilina.
arborescens, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. tree-like.]
arguta, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. sharply defined.]
aspidioides, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. like the Aspkl-
ium.]
bucklandi. Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
bullata, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. bossed.]
callosa, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. having a thick
covering.]
candollana, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
chserophylloides, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. like the
CfuerophyUum. ]
cisti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
concinna, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. neat.]
The name was preoccupied by Presl
in 1833.
crenulata, see Alethopteris crenulata.
cristata, see Alethopteris cristata.
cyathea, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. kyathos,
a cup.]
decurrens, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the decurrent nature of the leaves.]
decurrens, Dawson, 1862. The name was
preoccupied, see P. discrepans.
densifolia, Dawson, 1874, Foss. Plants,
Can., Devonian. [Sig. dense-leaved.]
dentata, Brongniart, 1828,Hist.Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. toothed.]
discrepans, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig.
different.]
distans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the dis-
tant pinules.] The name was preoc-
cupied by Rost in 1839.
dubia, Gutbier, 1843, in Gsea von Sachsen,
Coal Meas. [Sig. doubtful.]
elegans, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
elliptica, Bunbury, 1846, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. elliptical.]
emarginata, Gceppert, 1836, (Diplazites
emarginata) Syst. Filic. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. notched.]
erosa, see Alethopteris erosa.
flavicans, Presl, 1833, in Sternberg, Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas.
[Sig. yellow (?).]
hemiteloides, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. like Hemi-
telites.]
heterophylla, Lindley & Hutton, see Ale-
thopteris heterophylla.
heterophylla, Dawson, syn. for P. mantelli.
incompleta, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the incomplete condition of the speci-
men.]
ingens, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. huge,
enormous.]
lepidorhachis, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. lepis, a scale;
rachis, a ridge.]
longifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. long-leaved.]
Alethopteris longifolia. (?)
loshi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
mantelli, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
milleri, Harlan, 1835, Trans. Geo. Soc.
Penn., Coal Meas. [Ety. propernamc]
muricata, see Alethopteris muricata.
murrayana, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
nervosa, see Alethopteris nervosa.]
newberryi, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn", vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
notata, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. dotted.]
obsoleta, Harlan, 1835, Trans. Geo. Soc.
Penn., Coal Meas. [Sig. obsolete.]
oreopteroides, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. like the fern
Oreopteris.]
ovata, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. ovate.]
ovata, Gutbier, 1843, in Gsea von Sachsen,
Coal Meas. The name was preoc-
cupied,
pennseformis, Brongniart, 1822, (Filicites
pennseformis) Mem. du Mus. d'Hist.
Nat. de Paris, Coal Meas. [Sig. feather-
formed.]
pluckeneti, see Alethopteris pluckeneti.
plumosa, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. feathery.]
polymorpha, Brongniart, 18 2 8, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
many-formed.]
preciosa, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geo., Devon-
ian. [Sig. precious, splendid.]
pteroides, see Alethopteris pteroides.
PLANTS.
pusilla,Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. very small.]
rigida, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. inflexible.]
serlii, see Alethopteris serlii.
serrulata, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geo., Devon-
ian. [Sig. like a small saw.]
shsefferi, Lesquereux, 1858, Catal. Potts.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
sillimani, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
squamosa, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
strongi, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4,Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
tseniopteroides, Bunbury, 1847, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. like Txnicqiteris.]
tenuis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
unita, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. from the united
pinnules.]
urophylla,, see Alethopteris urophylla.
velutina, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn.,vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. velvety.]
villosa, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. covered with short
hair-like projections.]
Phylloptekis, Brongniart, 1828,Tab. d. Gen.,
etc. [Ety. phyllon, a leaf ; pteris, a fern.]
antiqua, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Phytolithm, Martin, 1809, Petrificata Derbien-
sia. [Ety. phyton, a plant ; litlios, stone.]
cancellatus, "see Sigillaria cancellata.
dawsoni, see Sigillaria dawsoni.
decoratus, see Calamites decoratus.
martin), see Sigillaria martini.
notatus, see Sigillaria notata.
reticulatus, see Stigmaria reticulata.
sukatus, see Calamites sulcatus.
tessellatus, see Sigillaria tessellata.
transversv^, see Artisia transversa.
verrucosus, see Stigmaria verrucosa.
Physophycus, Schimper, 1869, Pal.Veg. [Ety.
phyton, a plant ; phykos, a sea weed.]
marginatus, Lesquereux, 1866, (Caulerpi-
tes marginatus) Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig. margined.]
Phytopsis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.Y., vol. 1. [Ety.
phyton, a plant ; opsis, resemblance.]
cellulosum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. from the cellular
Sllbstfl.il C6 1
tubulosum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. abounding in tubes. ]
Pinnularia, "Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, vol. 2. [Ety. pinna, a feather.]
calamitarum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
the genus Calamites.]
capillacea, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. stringy, as
the roots of herbs.]
confer voides, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Conferva.]
crassa, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. thick.]
dispalans, Dawson, 1852, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
straggling, stray.]
elongata, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. lengthened.]
fucoides, Lesquereux, 1868, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. fucus,
sea weed; eidos, likeness.]
horizontalis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. hori-
zontal.]
nodosa, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. knotty.]
pinnata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. winged.]
ramosissima, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat,vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. very branchy.]
Polyporites, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora. [Ety. from its resemblance to
the folyporus versicolor.]
bowmanni, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora,Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
polysporus, Newberry, 1873,Ohio Pal., vol.
1. [Ety. polys, many; sporos, seed.]
mirabilis, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,vol.l,
Coal Meas. [Sig. wonderful, strange.]
Prototaxites, Dawson, 1859, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 15. [Ety. protos, first;
taxus, Yew tree ; so named from the
spirally marked cells characteristic of
the genus Taxites.] Carruthers says
it is an Alga and has therefore called
it Nematophycus.
logani, Dawson, 1859, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 15, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.] This is the oldest known tree
in America, according to Dawson, but
Carruthers says it is a huge sea- weed
and has named it Nematophycus
logani.
Psaroxius, Cotta, 1832, Dendrol. in Bezie-
hung. [Ety. psaros, speckled.]
erianus, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
textilis, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. Avoven, like a web.]
Psilophyton, Dawson, 1859, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 15. [Ety. psilon, smooth;
phyton, stem.]
elegans, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. elegant.]
glabrum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig. without
hair, smooth.]
princeps, Dawson, 1859, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, Upper Silurian and Devonian.
[Sig. original, principal.] This is the
oldest known plant in America. It is
supposed to have grown in a marsh,
robustius, Dawson, 1859,Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 15, Devonian. [Sig. strong,
like oak.]
Ptilocarpus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4. [Etv, ptilon, a wing; karpos,
fruit.]
PLANTS.
bicornutus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. from two
short horns at the base.]
Rhabdocakpus, Goeppert & Berger, 1848, de
Fruct. et Sem. [Ety. rhabdos, stria ;
karpos, fruit.]
acuminatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. pointed.]
amygdaliformis, Goeppert & Berger, 1848,
de Fruct et Sem., Coal Meas. [Sig.
like the almond, Amygdalm.]
apiculatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. pointed.]
arcuatus, Lesquereux, 1861, Geo. Sur.
Ky., Coal Meas. [Sig. bent.]
cariuatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. keeled.]
clavatus, Sternberg, 1820, (Carpolithes
clavatus) Vers. Darst. Flora der Vor-
welt, Coal Meas. [Sig. club-shaped.]
costatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. ribbed.]
danai, Foster, 1854, Ann. of Sci., vol. 1,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
insignis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. remarkable.]
lsevis, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Coal Meas. [Sig. smooth.]
mammillatus, Lesquereux, 1870,Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. Sig. mammil-
lated.]
minutus, Lesquereux, I860, Geo.Sur.Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. very small.]
venosus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. full of
veins.]
Rhachiopteris, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18. [Ety. rachis, a ridge;
pteris, a fern.]
cyclopteroides, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Catskill Gr. [Ety.
like the genus Cychpteris.}
gigantea, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can.,
Devonian. [Sig. very large.]
palmata, Dawson, 1870, Proc. Royal Soc,
Devonian. [Sig. like the palm tree.]
pinnata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc,vol. 18, Ham.Gr. [Sig. feathered.]
punctata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Catskill Gr. [Sig. punc-
tured.]
striata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Ham.Gr. [Sig. striated.]
tenuistriata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
fine-lined.]
Rhacophyllum, Schimper, 1869, Palseonto-
logie Vegetale. [Ety. rakos, rugged;
phyllon, a leaf.]
affine, Lesquereux, 1858, (Pachyphyllum
affine) Geo.Sur.Penn., vol.2,CoalMeas.
[Sig. nearto; related to R. fimbriatum.]
fimbriatum, Lesquereux, 1858, (Pachy-
phyllum fimbriatum) Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. fringed.]
hirsutum, Lesquereux, 1858, (Pachyphyl-
lum hirsutum) Geo. Sur. Penn., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. hairy.]
laceratum, Lesquereux, 1858, (Pachy-
phyllum laceratum) Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. lacerated.]
lactuca, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. lactuca, Lettuce.]
Ehizolithes, F. Braun, 1847, in Flora, etc.
[Ety. rhiza, a root ; lithos, stone.]
palmatifidus, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. divided
like a hand.]
Rhizomopteris, Schimper, 1869, Traite de
Palseontologie Vegetale. [Sig. the
rhizomas of ferns.] This was formed
to include Sclaginites uncinatus and S.
erdmanni.]
Rotularia longifolia, see Sphenophyllum lon-
gifolium.
Rusophycus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. rusos, rugose ; phykos, sea-plant.]
bilobatus, Vanuxem, 1842, (Fucoides
bilobatus) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Cin'ti &
Clinton Gr. [Sig. two-lobed.]
clavatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.]
grenvillensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pudicus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Hud. Riv. & Clinton Gr. [Sig. shame-
faced, modest.]
subangulatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. somewhat angu-
lated.]
Sagenaria, Brongniart, 1822, Memoires du
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle.
veltheimiana, see Lepidodendron velthei-
manum.
Schizopteris, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.Veg. Foss.
[Ety. schizo, to cleave; pteris, a fern.]
lactuca, see Hymenophyllites lactuca.
Schutzia, Goeppert, 1848", Permian Flora.
[Ety. proper name.]
bracteata Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. covered
with leaves or plates.]
Scolithus, Haldeman, 1840, Supp. to Mon-
ograph of Limniades. [Ety. xcolex, a
worm ; lithos, a stone.]
canadensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
linearis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Potsdam to Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. drawn
out in lines.]
verticalis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina sandstone. [Ety. from pene-
trating the strata vertically.]
Scolopendrites, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2. [Ety. from the living
fern Scolopendrium.]
dentatus, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. den-
tatus, toothed.] In the text the spe-
cific name is written grosse-dentata, a
Franco-Latin hybrid, but on plate 8,
fig. 7, the name is corrected by leav-
ing off the French.
Selaginites, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. [Ety. from the plant
Selago.']
PLANTS.
37
cavifolius, Lesquereux, 1861,(Lycopodites
cavifolius) Geo. Rep. Ky., vol. 4, Coal j
Meas. [Sig. hollow-leaved.]
crassus, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. thick, stout.]
forruosus, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat., vol. 6,
Devonian. [Sig. beautiful.]
uncinatus, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. hooked.]
Sigillakia, Brongniart, 1822. Mem. du Mus.
d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety. sigillmn,
a seal ; from the seal-like scars of fallen
leaves stamped upon the bark.]
alternans, Lindley & Hutton, 1831-33,
Foss. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. alter-
nating.]
alveolaris, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Yeg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. alveolus,
a small channel.]
angusta, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. narrow.]
attenuata, Lesquereux, 1858, Catal. Potts.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. attenuated.]
brardi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
bretonensis Dawson, 1868, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2nd series, vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
brochanti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
browni, Dawson, 1861, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 17, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
cancellata, Martin, 1809, (Phytolithus
cancellatus) Petrif. Derb., Coal Meas.
[Sig. cancellated.]
catenoides, Dawson, 1868, Can. Nat, &
Geo., 2nd series, vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. chain-like.]
catenulata, Lindley & Hutton, 1831-33,
Foss. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. linked
together in a chain.] Probably syn.
for S. aUernoiu.
chemungensis, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist.N.Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cisti, see Caulopteris cisti.
corrugata, Lesquereux, 1861, Geo. Sur.
Ky., vol. 4; redefined 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. corru-
gated.]
cymatoides, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. wave-like.]
dawsoni, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
dawsoni) Trans. Am. Phil." Assoc,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
defrancii, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
dilatata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. ex-
panded.]
discoidea, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the discoidal shape of the scars.]
dournaisi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
dubia, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. doubtful.]
elegans, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
elongata, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. from the
elongated scars.]
eminens, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. standing out in
relief, prominent.]
fissa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. divivided, from
the deeply emarginate scars.]
flexuosa, Lindley & Hutton, 1837, Foss.
Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. full of
flexures.]
intermedia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist, Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. intermediate.]
knorri, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss. , Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
laevigata, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. , Coal Meas. [Sig. smoothed. ]
lepidodendrifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. leaved
like the Lepidodendron.]
lescuraei, Schimper, 1869, Traite de Palse-
ontologie Vegetale, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
lorwayana, Dawson, 1873, Foss. Plants,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
martini, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
martini) Trans. Amer. Phil. Assoc.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
massiliensis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
menardi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
monostigma, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. single-
dotted.]
notata, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
notatus) Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. marked.]
obliqua, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. from the oblique
scars.]
obovata, Lesquereux, 1858,Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal -Meas. [Sig. obovate.]
oculata, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.Hist.Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. oculus, an eye.]
organum, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. an in-
strument or pipe.]
pachyderma, Brongniart, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. thick-
barked.]
palpebra, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Geo.
' Soc, vol. 8, Devon. [Sig. an eye-lid.]
planicosta, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. smooth-
ribbed.]
polita, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur. Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. smoothed.]
reniformis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist,
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. kidney-
shaped.]
PLANTS.
reticulata, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
reticulatus) Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. reticulated.]
reticulata, Lesquereux, 1860,Geo.Sur.Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. reticulated.]
rugosa, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled.]
saulli, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
schimperi, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
schlotheimana, Brongniart, 1828, Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.] American Sp. (?)
sculpta, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo.Sur.Penn.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. engraved.]
scutellata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal. Meas. [Sig. a little shield.]
semina, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. III.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. seeds of Sig-
illaria.]
serlii, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
sillimani, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
simplicitas, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Catskill Gr. [Sig. from the
straightness of grain.]
spinulosa, Germ., 1853, Vers. v.Wett, etc.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. full of spines.]
stellata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the radiating wrinkles around the
scars.]
striata, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. striated.] The
name was preoccupied by Brongniart
in 1828.
sydenensis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
tessellata, Steinhaur, 1818, (Phytolithus
tessellatus) Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc.
[Sig. from the square scars.]
tessellata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. The name was
preoccupied,
vanuxemi, Gceppert, 1836, Flora Silurisch,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
yardleyi, Lesquereux, 1866,Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Sigillakioides, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4. [Ety. from its resemblance
to the genus Sigillaria.']
radicans, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. rooted.]
stellaris, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. starred.]
Sphenophyllum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. sphen, a wedge ;
phytton, a leaf.] This genus was called
Sphenophyllites by Brongniart in 1822.
antiquum, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat., vol.
6, Devonian. [Sig. ancient.]
bifurcatum, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. bifur-
cated.]
brevifolium, Newberry, 1854, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. short-leaved.]
cornutum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. horned.]
emarginatum, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the peculiar notch at the apex of
the leaf.]
erosum, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. gnawed, bit-
ten away.]
filiculme, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. filum,
a thread; culmus, a straw.]
longifolium, Germar, 1828, (Rotularia
longifolia) Act. Ac. Caes. Leop. Nat.
Cur., vol. 15, Coal Meas. [Sig. long-
leaved.]
oblongifolium, Germ. & Kaulf., 1828, Act.
Ac. Nat. Cur., vol. 15, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from the oblong leaf.]
saxifragifolium, Sternberg, 1825, (Rotu-
laria saxifragifolia) Vers. Darst. Flora
der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig. leaved
like iSaxifraga.']
schlotheimi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
simplicitas, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Catskill Gr. [Sig. plainness,
simplicity.]
trifoliatum, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. tres,
three ; folium, a leaf.]
Sphenopteris, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du
Mus. d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety.
sphen, a wedge ; ptens, a fern.]
abbreviate, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
shortened.]
acuta, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. sharp.]
adiantoides, Lindley & Hutton, 1833,
Foss. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Adiantum.']
alata, see Hymenophyllites alatus.
artemisisefolia, see Eremopteris artemisise-
folia.
canadensis, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
davallana, Gceppert, 1841, Gatt. d. Foss.
Pflanzen, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
decipiens, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur.
Ark., Coal Meas. [Sig. deceiving.]
delicatula, see Hymenophyllites delica-
tulus.
dilatata, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur. Ark.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. spread out.]
dubuissoni, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
elegans, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
flagellaris, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., Coal Meas. [Sig. like a whip.]
furcata, see Hymenophyllites furcatus.
gersdorfi, see Hymenophyllites gersdorfi.
PLANTS.
30
glandulosa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. glan-
dular.]
gracilis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
gravenhorsti, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
harti, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geol.
Soc., vol. 18, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
hitchcoekana, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour
Geol. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Ety
proper name.]
hoeninghausi, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hymenophylloides, Brongniart, 1828,Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the resemblance to Hymenophyllites.}
intermedia, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. inter-
mediate between S. chaerophylloides
and Pecopterus athyrioides.']
irregularis, Sternberg, 1833, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
irregular.]
latifolia, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. broad-
leaved.]
latior, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. broader.]
laxa, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. loosely ar-
ranged.] This name was preoccupied
by Sternberg,
lesquereuxi, Newberry, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
macilenta, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. poor, lean.]
marginata, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
bordered.]
microloba, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. small-lobed.]
mixta, Schimper, 1869, Traite de Palgeon-
tologie Vegetale, Coal Meas. [Sig.
mixed.]
munda, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. neat, elegant.]
myriophylla, see Hymenophyllites myri-
ophyllus.
newberryi, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
obtusiloba, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. obtuse-lobed.]
paupercula, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. poor.]
pilosa, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Devo-
nian. [Sig. hairy, shaggy.]
plicata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
folded.]
polyphylla, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. many-leaved.]
recurva, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. turned
back.]
rigida, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. rigid.]
scaberrima, Lesquereux, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. very rough.]
schlotheimi, see Hymenophyllites schlot-
heimi.
spinosa, see Hymenophyllites spinosus.
splendens, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. splendid.]
squamosa, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
tenella, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. delicate.]
tenuifolia, see Hymenophyllites tenuifo-
lius.
trichomanoides, see Hymenophyllites tri-
chomanoides.
tridactylUes, see Hymenophyllites tridac-
tylites.
trifoliata, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. three-leaved.]
Sphenothallus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
[Ety. sphen, a wedge ; (hallos, a branch'
or frond.]
angustifolius.Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. narrow-leaved.]
latifolius, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. broad-leaved.]
Spirophyton, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. speira, a coil ; phyton, a plant.]
cauda-galli, Vanuxem, 1842, {Fucovdes
cauda-galli) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Devonian.
[Sig. like the tail of a cock.]
crassum, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,Carb.
Conglomerate. [Sig. thick.]
typus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. type of the genus.]
velum, Vanuxem, 1842, (Fucoides velum)
Geo.Rep.N. Y. [Ety. velum, a curtain.]
Sporangites, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. and
Geol., vol. 8. [Sig. seed-vessel.]
glaber, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. smooth.]
papillatus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat.,vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. covered with papilli.]
Staphylopteris, 1838, Presl, in Sternb. Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. staphy-
k, a bunch of grapes; pteris, a fern.]
asteroides, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. star-like.]
sagittata, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. barbed like
an arrow.]
stellata, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Sur. Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. starred.]
wortheni, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name. ]
Sternbergia, Artis, 1826, Antediluvian Phy-
tology. [Ety. proper name.]
var. angularis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. angular.]
var. approximata, Dawson, 1868, Acad.
Geol., Coal Meas. [Sig. approximate.]
var. distans, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. distant.]
•or. obscura, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. obscure.]
40
PLANTJE.
Stigmaria, Brongniart. 1822, Mem. du Mus,
d'Hist. Nat. de Paris. [Ety. stigma, a
dot or puncture.] This genus is re-
garded as representing the roots of
Sigillaria.
anabathra, Corda, 184 5, Beitrage zur
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
a ladder.]
areolata, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can-
ada, Devonian. [Sig. areolate, divided
into irregular squares, or small angu-
lar spaces.]
costata, Lesquereux, 18 5 8, Geo. Sur.
Perm., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. ribbed.]
elliptica, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. in the form
of an ellipse.]
eveni, see Stigmarioides eveni.
exigua, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
small.]
ficoides, Brongniart, 1822, Mem. du Mus.
d'Hist. Nat. de Paris, Coal Meas. [Sig.
like a fig.]
ficoides var. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k, 1,
Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Coal Meas.
ficoides var. reticulata, Gceppert, 1841,
Gatt. d. Foss. Pflanzen, Coal Meas.
[Sig. reticulated.]
ficoides var. stellata, Gceppert, 1841, Gatt.
d. Foss. Pflanzen, Coal Meas. [Sig.
starred.]
ficoides var. undulata, Gceppert, 1841,
Gatt. d. Foss. Pflanzen, Coal Meas.
[Sig. wavy.]
irregularis, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the irregularity of the scars.]
minor, Gceppert, 1841, Gatt. d. Foss.
Pflanzen, Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
minuta, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. in
allusion to the small size of the lower
scars.]
minutissima, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Can., Devonian. [Sig. very minute.]
perlata, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants Can-
ada, Devonian. [Sig. very wide.]
pusilla, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. very
small.]
radicans, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. throw-
ing out roots.]
umbonata, Lesquereux, 1858, Geo. Sur.
Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. em-
bossed.]
verrucosa, Martin, 1809, (Phytolithus
verrucosus) Petrif. Derb., Coal Meas.
[Sig. warty.]
Stigmarioides, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4. [Ety. from its resem-
blance to Stigmaria.']
affinis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. contiguous.]
eveni, Lesquereux, 1866, (Stigmaria
eveni) Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name,]
linearis, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. drawn out in
lines.]
rugosus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled.]
selago, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. like the plant
Selago.]
truncatus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. truncated,
cut short.]
tuberosus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. tuberose.
composed of tuber-like parts.]
villosus, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. villous,
covered with short hair-like projec-
tions.]
Syringodenkron, Sternberg, 18 2 0, Vers.
Darst. Flora der Vorwelt. [ Ety. syrimc,
a pipe; dendron, a tree.]
bistriatum, AVood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. double-striated.]
cyclostegium, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. circular cov-
ering.]
cyclostigma, Brongniart, 1828, Hist. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. circular punc-
ture.]
gracile, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18. .Chemung Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
pachyderma, see Sigillaria pachyderma.
pes-capreoli, Sternb., 1828, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Ety.
pes, stalk; capreolus, small tendril
which supports it.]
porteri, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Syringoxylon, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18. [Ety. syrinx, a pipe,
xylon, wood.]
mirabile, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Ham. Gr. [Sig. extra-
ordinary.]
T^eniopteris, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss. [Ety. tainia, a ribbon;
pteris, a fern.]
magnifolia, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. large-leaved.]
Trichomanites, Gceppert, 1836, Syst. Filic.
Foss. [Ety.from the plant Trichomanes.~]
filicula, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Ety. filicula,
a small fern.]
Trigonocarpon, Brongniart, 18 2 8, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss. [Ety. trigon, a tri-
angle ; karpos, a fruit.]
avellanum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. a filbert.]
bertholletiforme, Foster, 1853, Ann. of
Sci., vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. like
BertlwUetia.]
carbonarium, King, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 7, Coal Meas. [Sig. per-
taining to coal.]
PLANTS.
4i
dawsi, Lindley & Button, 1837, Foss.
Flora, Coaf Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
hildrethi, Dawson, syn. (?) for Trigono-
carpon triloculare,
hookeri, Dawson, 1861, Quar. Jour. Geol.,
Soc, vol. 17, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
intermedium, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. intermediate.]
juglans, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2,Low. Coal Meas. [Sig. a walnut.]
magnum, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
mentzelianus, Gceppert & Berger, 1848,
de Fruct. et Sem., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
minus, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
multicarinatum, Newberry, 1873, Ohio
Pal., vol. 1, Carb. Conglomerate. [Sig.
many-carinated.]
m e // iVn'a/ii m ,seeCar polithes multistriatus.
nceggerathi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
oblongum, Lindley & Hutton, 1837, Foss.
Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. oblong.]
oliveeforme, Lindley & Hutton, 1837,
Foss. Flora, vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig.
like an olive.]
ornatum, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Carb. Conglomerate. [Sig. ornate,
adorned.]
parkinsoni, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
perantiquum, Dawson, 1871, Foss. Plants
Canada, Devonian. [Sig. very an-
cient.]
racemosum, Dawson, 1862, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 18, Devonian. [Sig.
clustering.]
rostellatum, Lesquereux, 1866, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. little-
beaked.]
rotundum, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. wheel-shaped.]
schultzanum, Gceppert & Berger, 1848,
de Fruct., etc., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
sigillaria>, Dawson, 1863, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Ety. from the genus
Sigilldria.]
tricuspidatum, Newberry, 1873, Ohio
Pal., vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. three-
pointed.]
triloculare, Hildreth, 1835, (Carpolithes
trilocularis) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 31,
Conglomerate and Low. Coal Meas.
[Sig. three-chambered.]
woodruffi, Moss, 1852,Proc. Acad.Nat. Sci.,
vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Trochophyllum, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. This name was proposed as
a substitute for Annvlaria, Sternb.,
because the latter was preoccupied as
a generic name in the sub-kingdom
Mollusca. [Ety. trochos, a wheel ;
pkyllon,& leal'.]
Ulodendkon, Lindley & Hutton, 1831, Foss.
Flora. [Ety. trie, wood; dendron, a
tree.]
ellipticum, Sternberg, 1838, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas. [Sig.
elliptical.]
elongatum, Lesquereux, 1870, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. drawn
out.]
lindleyanum, Presl, 1833, in Sternberg,
Vers. Darst. Flora der Vorwelt, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
majum, Lindley & Hutton, 1831-33, Foss.
Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig. great.]
minus, Lindley & Hutton, 1833, Foss.
Flora, CoalMeas. [Sig. less.]
punctatum, Presl, 1833, in Sternberg,
Vers. Flora der Vorwelt, Coal Meas.
[Sig. dotted.]
Uphaxt.enia, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. uphantos, woven ; tainia,
ribbon.]*
chemungensis, Vanuxem, 1843,Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Walchia, Sternberg, 1825, Vers. Darst.
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. proper
name.]
gracilis, Dawson, Coal Meas. [Sig. slen-
der.]
robusta, Dawson, Coal Meas. [Sig. robust.]
Whittleseya, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 1. [Ety. proper name.]
elegans, Newberry, 1853, Ann. of Sci.,
vol. 1, Cuyahoga shale. [Sig. elegant.]
Zamites, Brongiart, 1825, in Annales des
Sciences Naturelles, vol. 4. [Ety.
from its resemblance to the existing
genus Zamia.]
gramineus, Bunbury, 1847, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. grassy.]
obtusifolius, Rogers, 1844, Rep. Ass n
Am. Geol., Coal Meas. [Sig. obtuse
leaved.]
ANIMAL KINGDOM
SUB-KINGDOM PROTISTA.
CLASS RHIZOPODA.— [Ety. rhiza, a root ; podes, feet.]
CLASS PORIFERA.— [Ety. porta, a pore ; few, to bear.]
CLASS RHIZOPODA.— Dentaliiia, Eozoon, Fusulina, Nullipora, Receptaculites, Rotalia.
CLASS PORIFERA.— Archeooyatl i us, Astrseospongia, Astylospongia, Aulocopma, Brachi-
ospongia, Calathium,Cnemidium, Oonoptarium, Eospongia, Palaeacis, Palaeomanon,
Rhabdaria, Traehyum, Trichospongia.
INCERT^E SEDIS. — Pasceolus, Ribeiria. The latter genus is placed by Woodward in
the class Lamellibranchiata. Salter referred it to the Crustacea. It is very doubt-
ful whether it is American.
Archeocyathus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. arche, be-
ginning ; cyathns, a cup.]
atlanticus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
minganensis, Billings, 1859, (Petraiamin-
ganensis) Can. Nat. & Geol., vol. 4,
Calcif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
profundus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. deep.]
rensselsericus, Ford, 1873, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts. 3rd ser., vol. 5, Low. Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Astr;eospongia, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna,
des West Tenn. [Ety. astnea, from
aster, a star ; spongia, sponge. ]
hamiltonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Chi. Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
meniscus, Roemer, 1848, (Blumenbach-
ium miniscus) Leonh. & Bronn's
Jahrb., Niagara Gr. [Ety. meniskos,
a little moon.]
Astylospongia, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna,
des West Tenn. [Ety. astylos, without
a pillar or prop; apongia, sponge.]
Christiana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
imbricato-articulata, Roemer, 1848, (Si-
phonia imbricato-articulata) Leonh. &
Bronn's Jahrb., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
imbricatu8, imbricated; arlimlatus, ar-
ticulated.]
inciso-lobata, Roemer, 1848, (Spongia
inciso-lobata) Leonh. & Bronn's
Jahrb., Up. Sil. [Sig. cut into lobes.]
bursa, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. a purse.]
parvula, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. small.]
perryi, Billings, 1861, Geol. Vermont,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
praemorsa, Goldfuss, 1826, (Siphonia pra>
morsa) Petref. Germ., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. jagged as if bitten off.]
stellatim-sulcata, Roemer, 1848, (Spongia
stellatim-sulcata) Leonh. & Bronn's
Jahrb., Up. Sil. [Sig. star-furrowed ;
in allusion to the star-like depressions
on the outer surface.]
Aulocopina, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.
[Ety. aulokopeo, cut into pipes.]
granti, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Blumenbachium, Konig, 1820, Icones, fossiles,
sectiles,
meniscus, s;ee Astrseospongia meniscus.
Bkachiospon'gia, Marsh, 1867, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2nd series, vol. 44. [Ety.
brachium, an arm; spongia, sponge.]
digitata, Owen, 1857, (Scyphia digitata)
Geo. of Ky., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
having fingers or toes.]
roemerana, Marsh, 1867, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 2nd series, vol. 44, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
lyoni, Marsh, 1867, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
2nd series, vol. 44,
proper name.]
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
PROTISTA.
48
Calathium, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. bdathox, a small wicker basket.]
afline, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. contiguous.]
anstedi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
eanadense, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nttoni, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
formosum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
pannosum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. ragged. ]
paradoxicum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. puzzling, ques-
tionable.]
Cxemidium, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ.
[Ety. Jcnemidos, armor for the legs, a
sort of boot.]
trentonensis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Conopterium, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. [Ety. konos, a cone ; poterion,
a cup.]
effusum, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Lithographic limestone. [Sig.
spread abroad.]
Coscinopora sulcata, see Receptaculites oweni.
Dextalixa, D'Orbigny, 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat.,
vol. 7. [Ety. dentate, tooth; inus, re-
semblance.]
priscilla, Dawson, 1868, Acad.Geol., Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
Eosponoia, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. ax, dawn ; spongia, sponge.]
roemeri, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
varians, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Ety. varians, variable.]
Eozoox, Dawson, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 2. [Ety. eos, dawn; zoon,
animal.]
eanadense, Dawson, 1865, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2d series, vol. 2, Laurentian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Fusulixa, Fischer, 1837, Oryct. du Gouv. de
Moscou. [Ety. fusus, a spindle ; huts,
little.]
cylindrica, Fischer, 1837, Oryct. du Gouv.
de Moscou., Coal Meas. [Sig. cylin-
drical.]
cylindrica var. ventricosa,Meek& Hayden,
1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 10,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ventricose.]
elongata, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. elong-
ated.]
gracilis, Meek, 1864, Pal. of California,
vol. 1, pt. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
robusta, Meek, 1864, Pal. California, vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. robust.]
ventricosa, Meek & Hayden, 1864, Pal.
Upper Mo., Coal Meas. See F. cylin-
drica var. ventricosa.]
Ischadites tesselaius, Winchell & Marcy, Syn.
for Receptaculites infundibulus.
Lunulites, (?) dactioloides, see Receptaculites
dactioloides.
Nuli.ipora, Lamarck, 1801, Systeme des
Animaux sans Vertebres. [Ety. nul-
lum, no ; porus, pore.]
(?) obtexta, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol.9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
woven over.]
Orhihilhes, (?) reticulata, see Receptaculites
reticulatus.
Pal^eacis, Haime, 1860, Hist. Nat. des Coral-
liaires. [Ety. palaios, ancient ; akis, a
barb.]
compressus, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
(Sphenopoterium compressum) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. flattened.]
cuneatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
[Sphenopoterium cuneatum) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. wedge-shaped.]
enormis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, (Sphe-
nopoterium enorme) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. very
large.]
enormis var. depressus, Meek & Worthen,
1866, (Sphenopoterium enorme var.
depressum) Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Kin-
. derhook Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
obtusus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Sphe-
nopoterium obtusum) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
Pal.eomaxox, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna.
West Tenn. [Ety. palaios, ancient;
Manon, a recent genus of sponges.]
cratera, Roemer, 1848, (Siphonia cratera)
Leonh. und Bronn's Jahrb., Up. Sil.
[Sig. a cup or goblet.]
Pasceolds, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. pasceolus, a leather money bag.]
claudii, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin.Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
darwini, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
globosus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. globular.]
gregarius, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic, Anticosti Gr. . [Sig. found in
flocks.]
halli, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr., Anti-
costi Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
intermedins, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. inter-
mediate.]
Receptaculites, DeFrance, 1827, Diet. Sci.
Nat. vol. 45. [Ety. receptaculum, a re-
ceptacle; litfios, stone.]
calcif erus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. from the Calci-
forous Group.]
canadensis, Billings, 1863, (Ischadites
canadensis) Geo. of Canada, Anticosti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
dactioloides, Owen, 1840, (Lunulites dac-
tioloides) Rep. on Min. Lands. Up. Sil,
[Ety. from the thimble-like punctures.
The correct orthography is dactyloides.]
PROTISTA.
elegantulus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
formosus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sei., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
beautiful.]
fungosus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wfs.,
Galena Gr. [Sig. spongy.]
globularis, Hall, 1861, Supp. Geo. Rep.
Wis., Galena Gr. [Sig. globular.]
heinisphericus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.
Niagara Gr. [Sig. hemispherical.]
infundibulus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a funnel.]
insularis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Antiuosti Gr. [Sig. upon an
island.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, (Selenoides iowen-
sis) Geo. Rep. Wis., Iowa and Minn.
[Ety. proper name.]
jonesi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
neptuni, De France, 1827, Diet, des Sci.
Nat., vol. 45, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
occidentalis, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. Western.]
ohioensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety proper
name.]
oweni, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Galena
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
reticulatus, Owen, 1840, (Orbituloides
reticulata) Rep. on Min. lands, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
subturbinatus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. some-
what top-shaped.]
sulcatus, Owen, 1844. This name was pre-
occupied and the species is now named
R. oweni.
Rhabdakia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. rhabdos, a rod.]
fragilis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. frail, brittle.]
furcata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. forked.]
Ribeiria, Sharpe, 1853, Jour. Geo. Soc, vol.
9. [Ety. proper name (?).]
(?) calcifera, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. from the Cal-
cif erous Group.]
(?) longiuscula, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. somewhat the
longest.]
Rotalia, Lamarck, 1804, Ann. Mus. [Ety.
rota, a wheel.]
baileyi, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Scyphia, Oken, 1815, Lehrb. Naturg.
digitata, see Brachiospongia digitata.
stellata, Troost, 1840. Not clearly defined.
Selenoides, Owen, 1852. Syn. for Receptacu-
lites.
iowensis, Owen, 1852, see Receptaculites
iowensis.
Siplwnia, Parkinson, 1820, Organ. Rem.
cratera, see Palaeomanon cratera.
imbricato-articulata, see Astylospongia im-
bricato-articulata.
prsemorsa, see Astylospongia praemorsa.
Splienopoterium, Meek & Worthen, 1866. A
Syn. for Palaeacis.
coinpressum, see Palaeacis compressus.
cuneatum, see Palaeacis cuneatus.
erwrme, see Palaeacis enormis.
enorme var. depressum, see Palaeacis enormis
var. depressus.
obtusum, see Palaeacis obtusus.
Spongia, Linnaeus, 1789, Systema Naturae.
inciso-lobata, see Astylospongia inciso-
lobata.
dellatim-sulcata, see Astylospongia stel-
latim-sulcata.
Trachyum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. trachus, rough, rugged.]
cyathiforme, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. cup-shaped.]
rugosum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
Triciiospongia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1. [Ety. trichias, to show hairs ;
spongia, a sponge.]
sericea, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif erous Gr. [Sig. silky.]
SUB-KINGDOM EADIATA
CLASS POLYPI
ORDER ZOANTHARIA
FAMILY ASTRvEID.E.— Astrsea, Sarcinula.
FAMILY CYATHOPHYLLIDJE.— Acervularia, Acrophyllum, Amplexus, Anthophyllum,
Aulophyllum, Axophyllum, Baryphyllum, Blothroph3'llum, Campophyllum, Cho-
nophyllum, Clisiophyllum, Combophyllum, Cyathophyllum, Cyclolites, (?) Cysti-
phyllum, Diphyphyllum, Duncanella, Eridophyllum, Ethmophyllum, Hadrophyl-
lum, Heliophyllum, Heterophrentis, Lithostrotion, Lonsdaleia, Lophophyllum,
Microcyclus, Omphyma, Pachyphyllum, Palaeocyclus, Palaeophyllum, Petraia,
Phillipsastrea, Ptycophyllum, Smithia, Streptelasma, Strombodes, Vesicularia,
Zaphrentis.
FAMILY CYATHAXONID.E.— Cyathaxonia.
FAMILY FA VOSITID^E.— Alveolites, Astrocerium, Bolboporites, Chetetes, Cladopora,
Columnaria, Columnopora, Dendropora, Emmonsia, Faviphyllum, Favistella,
Favosites, Leptopora, Limaria, Lunatipora, Michelinia, Monticulipora, Nebulipora,
Sphserolites, Stellipora, Stenopora, Striatopora, Tetradium, Thecia, Trachypora,
Vermipora.
FAMILY HALYSITID^E. — Calapoecia, Haimeophyllum, Halysites, Syringopora.
FAMILY MILLEPORID.E.— Fistulipora, Heliolites, Lyellia, Plasmopora, Rhombopora,
Thecostegites.
FAMILY PORITID.E.— Pleurodictyum, Protarea.
ORDER ALCYONARIA.
FAMILY ALCYONID.E.— Aulopora, Heliopora, Quenstedtia.
FAMILY TUBIPORID^E.— Cannopora, Caunopora, Dictyostroma, Lamellopora, Stro-
matocerium, Stromatopora, Syringostroma, Tubipora.
FAMILY GRAPTOLITID^E.— Buthograptus, Callograptus, Chonograptus, Cladograptus,
Climacograptus, Dawsonia, Dendrograptus, Dicranograptus, Dictyonema, Didymo-
graptus, Diplograptus, Discopbyllum, Graptolithus, Inocaulis, Megalograptus,
Monograptus, Xemagraptus, Nereograptus, Phyllograptus, Plurnalina, Ptilograptus,
Rastrites, Retiograptus, Retiolites, Staurograptus, Tetragraptus, Thamnograptus.
41
POLYPI.
Acervularia, Schweigger, 1820, Handb. der
Naturg. [Ety. acervus, a heap, con-
sidered as a body.]
clintonensis, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
davidsoni, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mono-
graph, Corniferous & Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
inequalis, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep. Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
profunda, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Cor-
niferous and Ham. Gr. [Sig. deep.]
rugosa, Hall, 1843, (Astrea rugosa) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Onondaga Gr.
[Sig. wrinkled.] Is this Cyathophyl-
lum rugosum?
Acrophyllum, Thomson & Nicholson, 1870,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist,, 4th series, vol.
17. *[Ety. akros, the point or summit ;
phylhn, a leaf.]
oneidaense, Billings, (CI i s i o p h y 1 1 u m
oneidaense) Can. Jour. Corniferous
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Agaricia, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. des Anim.
sans. Yert.
swinderniana, see Thecia swinderniana.
Alveolites, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. des An.
sans. Vert. [Ety. alreus, a cavity;
litho.% stone.]
billings'i, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. N.
S., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
confertus, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. N.
S., vol. 1, Cornif. Gr. [Sig. thick or
crammed in close together.]
cryptodens, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
vol. 4, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. hidden-
toothed.]
distans, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. N. S.,
vol. 1, Cornif. Gr. [Ety. in allusion to
the distance between the calices.]
dubia, see Favosites dubius.
exsul, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. Niagara
Gr. [Sig. a wanderer.]
flsheri, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour. Up
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
frondosus, Nicholson. 1874, Geo. Mag. N,
S., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig. full of
branches.]
goldfussi, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour. Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
granulosus, James, 1875, Catal. Cin. Foss.,
Cincinnati Gr. [Sig. full of granules.]
labechi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pal.
Foss. des Terr., Palseoz., Anticosti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
labiosus, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Corni-
ferous Gr. [Sig. large-lipped.]
megastoma, Winchell, 186(5, Rep. Low.
Peninsula, Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
large-mouthed ; from the large oblique
cell mouths.]
niagarensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss.
Corals, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ramulosus, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. full of little
sprigs.]
repens, Fought, 1749, (Millepora repens)
Amam. Acad., vol. 1, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
creeping.]
reticulata, see Favosites reticulatus.
rockfordensis, Hall, 1873, Chemung Gr.,
26th Reg. Rep. [Ety. proper name.]
roemeri, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
selwyni, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. N. S.,
vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
squamosus, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. scaly, rough.]
strigillatus, "Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula, Midi., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
wide-furrowed.]
subramosus, Rominger, 1876, Foss.
Corals, Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
ramose.]
vallorum, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. intrenched.]
Amplexus, Sowerby, 1812, Mineral Conch-
ology, vol. 1. [Ety. amplexus, encir-
cling, surrounding.]
cingulatus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Mid. Sil. [Sig. banded, from the
sharp-edged rings of growth.]
coralloides, Sowerby, 1812, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. like a coral.]
exilis, Billings, 1875. Can. Nat. & Geol.
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. small.]
fragilis, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
frail.]
mirabilis. Billings, 1875. Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. wonderful.]
shumardi, M. Edwards, 1851, (Cyathoph-
yllum shumardi) Mon. des Polyp.
Foss. , Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name. ]
yandelli, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pal.
Foss. des Ter. Paheoz., Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
zaphrentiformis, White, 1876, Geo. Uinta
Mountains, Low. Aubrey Gr. [Sig.
in form like the genus Zaphrentis.]
Anthophylmtm, Schweigger, 1820, Handb.
der Naturg. [Ety. anthos, a flower;
phylhn, a leaf.]
denticulatum, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.
Germ., Niagara Gr. [Sig. denticu-
lated.]
expansum, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
Lands, Devonian. [Sig. spread out,]
Astrsca, Lamarck, 1815, Histoire Naturelle
des Animaux sans Yertebres.
gigas, see Phillipsastrea gigas.
heliautholdes, as identified by D'Archiac
& Verneuil, see Heliophyllum Halli.
mammillarix, Fischer as identified by
Castlenau, Syn. for Lithostrotion
canadense.
mammillark, see Phillipsastrea mammil-
laris.
rugomt, see Acervularia rugosa.
\mdaia, Troost. 1840, 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn,,
Low. Carb. Not satisfactorily defined.
jv'Lyt:
47
AsntocEEirx, Hall. 1852, PaL X. Y.. voL 2.
~Y:v. ■■■ .-. -:."■.? i. -;.'i ~-.-y~. -...'
7: .-.'- j :. > - -■•- :.- ' -./.-. :-- : . .",
-y:'. :.;■::. '. : :.■■"•' •- "v- ..:"- - :.rr. >. '.
have placed the s p e c i es under that
head also,
constrictum. Hall, 1*32, PaL H.Y, voL 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
asiticuni. Hall, 1852, PaL X. Y., voL 2,
Xiagara Gr. [Sig- parasitie-]
pvriforme, HaB, 1852, PaL X. Y., voL 2,
" Xiagara Gr. [Sig. pear-shaped.]
venustum, HaB, 1852, PaL X. Y., voL 2,
Xiagara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
AnoPBYixrx, Edwards* Haime, 1850, Brit
PaL Foss. [Ety. amkm, a pipe ; pkgOom,
a plant.]
lichardsoni, Meek, 1868, Trans. ChL
Acad. SriL, Devonian. [Ety. proper
1836, Germ. Petrel
Yjoldfuss.
proe; worm, ■ pom.]
aperta, WincheB, 1866, Bep. Low. Penin-
sula. Mich.. Ham.Gr. [Sig- open, wide.]
araehnoidea,HaU, 1847, PaL X. Y. voL 1,
Trenton & Hud Riv. Gr. [Sag. in the
form of a cob-web.]
conferta, Winchell, 1866, Bep. Low. Pen-
insula, Mich. Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick or
crammed in dose together.]
curwmfa, see Quenstedtia eornuta.
cvdopora. Winchell. 1866. Rep. Low. Pe-
ninsula, Mich.. Ham. Gr. [Ety. btiMm*
a drde; jxmm, a pore.]
Roniineer, 1876, Foss. Corals.,
Gr. [Sig. erect.]
numrnus, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., voL
4, Corntterous Gr. [Sig. thread-like.]
mweuBis, HaB, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
Rep.,
me.]
niung Gr. [Etv. proper n
pret ins. HaB, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Xiag-
ara Gr. [Sig- a kind of grapevine.]
repens, Walch et Knorr, 1775, «;MBlepo-
rites repens) Samiulung von Merit.,
Xiaeara Gr. [Sig. creeping.]
sasivadum, HaB, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. stone-bottomed.]
sehobariae, HaB, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
serpens, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petrel,
Hamilton Gr. [Sig. crawling.]
loklea. Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
worm-formed.]
tnbreformis,Goldfus$, 1826, Germ. Petrel?
Lonsdale, 1839, March. SB. Syst., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. trumpet formed.]
umbeilijiem. see Quenstedtia umlffli/era.
Ariimra. Castelnan. syn- for IJthostrotion.
COTMKfcwe, see Lithostrotion canadense.
Axophyxlfm, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Brit.
Pal. Foss. [Etv. axum, axis; phjBom,
-.'.at.'..]
h'bulum, Worthen, 1875. Geo. Sur.
DL, vol. 6. CoalMeas. [Sig. a funnel.]
rudis, White & St. John, 1868. Trans.
Chi. Acad. ScL, Coal Meas. [Sig. rude,
rustic.]
BiarFHTUXTB, Edwards A Haime, 1880,
- ::: ~i — ■ -.'.« ; V:-. '■■ ■■> ■■...-.-
; ■'•'■; '■■" '■ - ] -■■:'-: "
.,:•_:.,,:: • V ,.. .-. ; 7." ■-■ . - v ,v
Sur. DL, voL 3, Onondaga Gr.
sandy.]
BLOTuaoPHYLLrM, BUlings, 1859, Can. Jour.
>-
■•■■:
■ - : > : .
voL 4,
phjflmL, aplant]
approximatnm, Xicbolson, 1875, Can. Xat
^ '-•-' r:.::-.: > •-:. ~- _• .,--.- v.
imate.]
csspitosum, Bominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
decortkatum, BOtings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
voL 4, Comiferous Gr. OHg. peeled,
barked.]
Bolbopoeites, Billings. 1859, Can. Xat &
GeoL, voL 4, [Ety. Mfo, a bulb;
pom, ■ > jej
americanus, BUtings, 1859, Can. Xat A
Geo., voL 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
Bcthoguapttjs, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.
[Ety. fattog, in the deep; grapfo, to
laxus, HaB, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. loose.]
!, GoMfuss, syn. for Favosites.
, see Favosites basatticus.
see Favosites
Fav
fiamm, see Favosites favosos.
jKbnmt. see MonticuUpora fibrosa.
juried war. dmoidea, see Favosites forbesi
a pla
infnndil
see Favosites gothlandicus.
», see Favosites heliolitifornus.
hemkpherka,, see Favosites hemisphericus.
i»f«nd;b<ilif«rmiK Goldfass, as identified
by D'Archiac & Yerneofl.
sMdbnolftt, Geinitz, see Chetetes mackrothi.
maxima, see Favosites maximus.
ft i if i ii, m b ChetetM tuoi Ina
wittehtOi, see Favosites winchelli,
Caijlpobcla, Billings. 1865, Can. Xat & Geo.,
2d ser., voL 2, Mid. SB. [Ety- bah*,
beautiful; }«Htatx, spotted.]
antkostiensis. BBlings, 1865, Can. Xat. &
Geo., 2d series, voL 2, Mid. SB. [Ety.
proper name.]
canadensis, Billings. 1865, Can. Xat &
Geo., 2d series, voL 2, Black Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
huronensis, BBhngs, 1865, Can. Xat. <fc
Geo., 2d series, voL 2, Hud Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Calxocbaptcs, HaB, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2. [Ety. ball**, beautiful;
grapho, to write.]
(?) difmtH*, see Dendrograptus diffusus.
elegans, HaB, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. elegant]
salterl HaB, 1865, Can. Oig. Rem., Decade
.. Qpeibec Gri pHy. | r::-rr ■—in ]
48
POLYPI.
Campophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850,
British Foss. Corals. [Ety. tempos, a
sea animal ; phyllon, a plant.]
nanum, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep. Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. dwarfish.]
texanum, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
torquium, Owen, 1852, (Cyathophyllum
torquium) Geo. Rep. Wis., Iowa and
Minn., Coal Meas. [Sig. twisted.]
Caninia, Syn.- for Zaphrentis.
bilateralis, see Zaphrentis hilateralis.
Cannapora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. kanna, reed; poros, pore.]
junciformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. like rush stems
in form.]
Catenipora, Lamarck, 1816, Anim. sans. Vert.
Syn. for Halysites.
Caunopora, Phillips, 1841, Palaeozoic fossils
of Cornwall, Devon and West Som-
erset. [Ety. kaurws, loose ; poros, per-
foration.]
planulata, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. somewhat flat.]
Chetetes, Fisher, 1837, Oryct. du Gouv. Mos-
cou. [Ety. chaite, hair.]
approximatus, see Monticulipora approx-
imata.
attritw, see Monticulipora attrita.
barrandi, see Monticulipora barrandi.
briarens, see Monticulipora briareus.
calicula, see Monticulipora calicula.
carbonarius,Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to
coal.]
cincinnatiensis, see Monticulipora cincin-
natiensis.
clathratulus, syn. for Cyclopora jamesi.
clavacoideus, see Monticulipora clavacoi-
dea.
columnaris, see Tetradium columnare.
consimilis, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep,,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. similar in all parte.]
cortkans, syn. for Monticulipora tuber-
culata.
dalei, see Monticulipora dalii.
decipiens, see Monticulipora decipiens.
delicahdus, see Monticulipora delicatula.
discoideus, see Monticulipora discoidea.
fibrosw, see Monticulipora fibrosa.
fietcheri, see Monticulipora fletcheri.
frondosas, see Monticulipora frondosa.
gracilis, see Monticulipora gracilis.
hamiltonensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Pen. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
helderbergise, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
Low., Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
jamesi, see Monticulipora jamesi.
lycoperdon, see Monticulipora lycoperdon.
mackrothi, Geinitz, 1846, (Calamopora
mackrothi) Grund., p. 586, Permian
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mammulatus, see Monticulipora mammu-
lata.
miJleporaceus, Troost. Where?
microscopica, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Pen. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. mikros,
small ; skopeo, to view — from the small
branches.]
moniliformis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
N. S., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig. bead-
like.]
muscatinensis, White 1876, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
newberryi, see Monticulipora newberryi.
nodulosus, see Monticulipora nodulosa.
onealli, see Monticulipora onealli.
ortoni, see .Monticulipora ortoni.
papillatus, see Monticulipora papillata.
pavonki, see Monticulipora pavonia.
petechialis, see Monticulipora petechialis.
petropolitanm, Pander. It is not evident
that this species is found in America.
pulclielhis,_ Edwards & Haime, as identified
by Nicholson, but I think it is not
found in this country.
quadrangularis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo.
Mag. N. S., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
four cornered ; quadrangular.]
quadratus, see Monticulipora quadrata.
rhombicus, Nicholson, 1875, syn. for Mon-
ticulipora quadrata.
rugosus, Hall, see Monticulipora rugosa.
nujosus, Edwards & Haime, 1851. This
name was preoccupied. Moreover it
is merely a form of Monticulipora
dalii.
sigittarkrides, see Monticulipora sigillari-
oidea.
sphaericus, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. spherical.]
subpulchellm, see Monticulipora subpul-
chella.
tubercukitus, see Monticulipora tubercu-
lata.
tumidus, Phillips, 1836, (Calamopora tum-
ida) Geol. Yorkshire, Low. Carboni-
ferous. [Ety. tumidus, swollen.]
Chonograptus, Hall, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., 4th series, vol. 13. [Ety. konos, a
twig; grapho, to write.] This sub-
genus is proposed to include the two
species, Graptolithus flexilis and G.
rigidus.
Chonophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850,
Brit. Foss. Corals. [Ety. konos, a cone ;
phy lion, a plant.]
belli, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
ellipticum, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep.
Chemung Gr. [Sig. in the form of an
ellipse.]
magnificum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. magnificent.]
niagarense, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ponderosum, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals
Ham. Gr. [Sig. bulky, heavy.]
Chonostegites clappi, see Michelinia clappi.
POLYPI.
Cladograptcs, Geinitz, 1852, (Cladograp-
sus) Verst. Grauw. Sachs., etc. [Ety.
klados, a twig ; grapho, to write. ]
dissimilaris, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. dissimilar.]
inequalis, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
Cladopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. klados, a twig; poros, a pore.]
alpenensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
aspera, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. rough.]
csespitosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N, Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. turf-like.]
canadensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cervicornis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. shaped like the
horns of a stag.]
dichotoma, Hall, 1858, Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. dividing into two.]
expatiata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
fibrosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. fibrous.]
imbricata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. imbricated.]
labiosa, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Cornif-
erous Gr. [Sig. full lipped.]
laqueata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. paneled.]
lichenoidea, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. resembling a lichen.]
macrophora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. from the wide
meshes.]
magna, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. great.]
multipora, Hall 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having many pores. ]
palmata, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. having five lobes.]
pinguis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. plump.]
prolifica, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. prolific]
pulchra, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
reticulata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
rimosa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. full of fissures.]
robusta, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous & Ham. Gr. [Sig. robust.]
seriata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. from the regular
alternating series of openings.]
turgida, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. swollen.]
verticillata, Winchell & Marcy, Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig. whorled.]
Climacograptus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 2. [Ety. klimax, a small ladder ;
grapho, to write.]
antennarius, Hall, 1863, (Graptolithus an-
tennarius) Geo. of Can., Quebec Gr.
[Ety. from the antennse.~\
bicornis, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus bicor-
nis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. having two horns.] This is the
type of the genus,
parvus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. small.]
tvpicalis Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. type
of the genus, though the genus was
founded on C. bicornis.]
Clisiophyllum, Dana, 1846, Explor. Exped.,
vol. 8. [Ety. Tdmon, a tent ; from the
conical central boss; phyllon, a plant.]
gabbi, Meek, 1864, Pal. California, Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
oneidsmse, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour. Cor-
niferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This species is placed in the new
genus acrophyllum, by Thomson &
Nicholson.
Columnaria, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. Columnarius, formed of columns.]
alveolata, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. hollowed out.]
blainvilli, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
carterensis, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety proper name.]
divergens, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Devonian. [Sig. divergent.]
erratica, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. straying abroad.]
goldfussi, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
herzeri, svn. for Favistella stellata.
incerta, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. uncertain.]
inequalis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. unequal.]
intermedia, Eaton, 1832, Geo. Text Book,
(?) Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
parva, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. small.]
rigida, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. <k Geo.,
vol. 3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
troosti, Castelnau, 1843, syn. for Lons-
daleia papillata.
Columnopora, Nicholson, 1874, London Geo.
Mag., N. S., vol. 1. [Ety. columna, a
column ; pora, a pore.]
cribriformis, Nicholson, 1874, London Geo.
Mag., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. having
the form of a seive.]
huronica, Rominger, 1876, (Houghtonia
huronica) Foss. Corals, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Combophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1858-
[Ety. kombos, a strip of cloth ; phyllorn
a plant.]
BO
POLYPI.
multiradiatum, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi.
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig. many
rayed.]
Conophyllum, Hall, 1852. Syn. for Chono-
phyllum.
niagarense, see Chonophyllum Niagarense.
Constellaria : Dana, 1848, Zoophytes, syn. for
Stellipora.
comtellata, syn. for Stellipora antheloidea.
polystomella, Nicholson, syn. for Stellipora
antheloidea.
Cyathaxonia, Michelin, 1846, Icon. Zooph.
[Ety. kuathm, a cup ; axones, a tablet
made to turn on its axis.]
distorta,Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Coal Meas. [Sig. distorted.]
prolifera, see Lophophyllum proliferum.
Cyathophyllum, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.
Germ. [Ety. kuathus, a cup ; phyllon,
a plant.]
arcticum, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. from the arctic
regions of the north.]
anticostiense, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
billingsi, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol. Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
caespitosum, (?) Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.
Germ., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. turfy.]
calyculare, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mm.
Lands, Devonian. [Sig. like a flower
bud.]
ceratites, as identified by D'Archiac & Ver-
neuil. Not American,
coalitum, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. grown together.]
corinthium, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min.
Lands, Devonian. [Ety. from resem-
blance to a Corinthian column.]
cristatum, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. tufted, crested.]
dianthus, (?) Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.,
Onondaga Gr. [Sig. the flower of
Jove.]
eriphele, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
euryone, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
excentricum, as identified by D'Archiac &
Verneuil. Not American.
flexuosum, (?) Owen, syn. for Campophyl-
lum torquium.
geniculatum, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. knotted, geniculated.]
gigas, Yandell & Shumard, 1847, Co/itrib.
to Geol. Ky., Devonian. [Sig. large.]
• gracile, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn.
Low. Carb. [Sig. slender.]
helianthoides, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ.
Petref., Devonian. [Sig. rayed like the
sunflower.] See Heliophyllum halli.
houghtoni, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
interruptum, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Mid. Sil. [Sig. interrupted.]
uvenis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. young.]
lesueuri, Hall, 1859, figured without
specific name in 1843, 4th Dist. Rep.
N. Y., Onondaga Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
nymphale, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Mid. Sil. [Ety. a fountain.]
panicum, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. panic, or strag-
ling appearance.]
partitum, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Pen. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. from the
vertical partitions in the internal
cavitv.]
pasithea", Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
pelagicum, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Mid. Sil. [Sig. belonging to the
deep sea.]
pennanti, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
profundum, Conrad, see Streptelasma pro-
funda.
quadrigeminum , as identified by d'Archiac
& Verneuil. Not American,
radicula, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little root.]
rugosum, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pal.
Foss. des Terr Palaeoz., Corniferous
Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
scyphus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a cup.]
shumardi, see Amplexus shumardi.
solitarium, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
alone.]
torquium, see Campophyllum torquium.
turbinatnm, of the N. Y. Rep's, see Helio-
phyllum halli.
undulatum et multiplicatum, Owen, 1840,
Rep. on Min. lands, Devonian. [Sig.
many waved lines.]
vanuxemi, Hall, 1859, figured without
specific name in 1843, 4th Dist. Rep.
N. Y., Ham.Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
vermiculare, (?) Owen, syn. for Campo-
phvllum torquium.
wahlehbergi, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyathopora iowensh, see Striatopora iowensis.
There is no genus Cyathopora, and if
Dr. Owen did not intend to refer his
species to Cyathophora, then he failed
to establish a genus by neglecting to
define it.
Cyclolites, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. Anim.
sans. Verteb. [Ety. kuklos, a circle ;
lUhos, a stone.]
rotuloides, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Ety. rotula, a little
wheel; eidos, a form.]
Cystiphyllum, Lonsdale, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. kustis, a vesicle or small
cavity ; phyllon, a plant. ]
aggregatum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.
Ham. Gr. [Sig. aggregated.]
americanum, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Monogr. Pal. Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
POLYPI.
Bl
americanum var. arcticum, Meek, 1868,
Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr.
[Ety. from the arctic or northern re-
gion.]
cylindrkum, (not Lonsdale) see Cystiphyl-
lum americanum.
fruticosum, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 2, N. S., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
full of stems.]
grande, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Cor-
niferous Gr. [Sig. large.]
huronense, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
maritima, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Mid. Sil. [Sig. of the sea.]
mundulum, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. fine, neat.]
ohioense, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
senecaense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
squamosum, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.
N. S., vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
rough or scaley.]
sulcatum, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol.4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
supermini, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 2, N. S., Ham. Gr. [Sig. stately,
nice.]
vesiculosum, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ.
Devonian. [Sig. full of vesicles.]
Dawsonia, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. 4th ser., vol, 12. [Ety. proper
name.] Supposed to be the ovarian
vesicles of Graptolites.
acuminata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 12, Quebec
Gr. [Sig. pointed.]
campanulata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., Quebec Gr. [Sig. bell-
shaped.]
rotunda, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., Quebec Gr. [Sig. round.]
tenuistriata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist, Quebec Gr. [Sig. finely
striated.]
Dendrograptus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2. [Ety. dendron, a tree ; grapho,
to write.]
diffusus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. diffused,
hanging loose.]
divergens, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. divergo,
to extend from a point in different
directions.]
erectus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. standing up-
right.]
flexuosus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. crooked.]
fruticosus. Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. full of
shoots or stems.]
gracilis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2. Quebec Gr. [Sig. slender.]
hallianus, Prout, 1851, (Graptolithus hal-
lianus) Am. Jour. Sci. 2d ser., vol. 11,
Potsdam sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
striatus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. striated.]
Dendropora, Michelin, 1846, Icon. Zooph.
[Ety. dendron, a tree ; pora, a pore.]
alternans, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals
Ham. Gr. [Sig. alternately.]
neglecta, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
ornata, Rominger, 1876, Foss.Corals, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. ornamented.]
proboscidialis, Rominger, 1876, Foss.
Corals, Ham. Gr. [Sig. having a pro-
boscis.]
reticulata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
Dichograptus, syn. for Graptolithus.
Dicranograptus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 2. [Ety. dikranos, two pointed;
grapho, to write.]
divaricatus, Hall, 1859, (Graptolithus di-
varicatus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. wide apart.]
furcatus, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus fur-
catus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. forked.]
ramosus, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus ra-
mosus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. branching.]
sextans, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus sex-
tans) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. sextans, a sixth part ; probably
named from the regular diverging
bifurcations at an angle of sixty de-
grees.]
Dictyonema, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. dictyon, a net; nema, a thread.]
cadens, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. drooping.]
fenestrata, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having openings.]
gracilis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. slender.]
grandis, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist, 4th ser., vol. 12, Quebec Gr.
[Sig. grand.]
hamiltonise, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
irregularis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
murrayi, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2. Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
neenah.Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis. Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
quadrangularis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
four sided.)
retiformis, Hall, 1843, (Gorgonia reti-
formis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. net-formed.]
robusta, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. hardy,
strong.]
POLYPI.
splendens, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss. vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Sig. splendid.]
websteri, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Dictyostroma, Nicholson, 1875, O. Pal., vol.
2. [Ety. dictyon, a net ; stroma, a layer.]
undulata, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal. vol.
2, Niagara Gr.. [Ety. from the undu-
lating layers.]
Didymograptus, McCoy, 1851, Pal. Foss.
[Ety. didymos, twin or double; grapho,
to write.]
caduceus, Salter, 1853, (Graptolithus ca-
duceus) Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 9,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. falling down, frail.]
Diphyphyllum, Lonsdale, 1845, Russ. &
Ural. Mts. [Ety. diphyia, a division;
phyllon, a leaf.]
archiaci, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Up.
Held. & Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
arundinaceum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. like a reed.]
csespitosum, Hall, 1852, (Diplophyllum
csespitosum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. turf -like.]
coralliferum, Hall, 1852, (Diplophyllum
coralliferum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Coral-
line limestone. [Ety. coralium, a coral;
fero, to bear; in allusion to the fact
that the specimens were found en-
closed in a species of Stromatopora.]
gigas, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. great.]
huronicum, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
rectiseptatum, Rominger, 1876, Foss.
Corals, Ham. Gr. [Ety. from the
straight septae.J
stramineum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. made of straw.]
Diplogbaptus, McCoy, 1854, (Diplograpsus)
Brit. Pal. Rocks. [Ety. diploos, duplex ;
grapho, to write.]
amplexicaulis, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus
amplexicaule) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trent.
Gr. [Ety. amplexus, embracing ; caulis,
a stalk or stem. ; in allusion to the
triangular scales surrounding the cen-
tral stipe.]
angustifolius, Hall, 1859, (Graptolithus
angustifolius) Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. narrow-leaved.]
ciliatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Trent.
Gr. [Sig. fringed.]
dissimilaris, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. dissimilar.]
foliaceus, (?) Murch, 1839, (Graptolitesfoli-
aceus) Murch, Sil. Syst., Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. leaf- like.]
foliosus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. full of leaves.]
folium, (?) Hisinger, 1837, (Prionotus
folium) Leth. Suec, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. a leaf or thin plate.]
inutilis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., Dec.
2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. not useful.]
laciniatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. pointed, jagged.]
marcidus, Hall, 1859, (Graptolithus mar-
cidus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. rotten, flagging, from the
shrunken stipe.]
mucronatus, Hall, 1847, (Graptolithus
mucronatus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
obliquus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. oblique.]
peosta, Hall, 1861, (Graptolithus peosta)
Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name. (?)]
pristiniformis, Hall, 1858, (Graptolithus
pristiniformis) Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. an ancient
form.] This species is probably iden-
tical with Fucoides dentata, Brongiart,
1828, Hist. Veg. Foss., vol. 1.
pristis, (?) Hisinger, 1837, (Prionotus pris-
tis) Leth. Suec, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
a saw fish.]
putillus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a dwarf.]
rugosus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. rugose.]
rectangularis, McCoy, 1854, Brit. Pal.
Rocks, Low. Sil. [Sig. rectangular.]
secalinus, Eaton, 1847, (Fucoides secali-
nus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. resembling a small grain.]
setaceus, Emmons, 1856, (Glossograpsus
setaceus) Am. Geol., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
hairy.]
spinulosus, Hall, 1859, (Graptolithus spin-
ulosus) Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. full of little spines.]
whitfieldi, Hall, 1859, (Graptolithus whit-
fieldi) Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Diplophyllum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
syn. for Diphyphyllum.
■caespitosum, see Diphyphyllum caespi-
tosum.
coralliferum, see Diphyphyllum coralli-
ferum.
Discophyllum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y. vol. 1.
[Ety. diskos, a disc; phyllon, a leaf.]
peltatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Hud. Riv.Gr. [Sig. half-moon-shaped.]
Duncanella, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist, 4th ser., vol. 13. [Ety.
proper name.]
borealis, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist, 4th ser., vol. 13, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. belonging to northern latitudes.]
Emmonsia, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mono-
graphic des Polyp., Foss. des Terr.
Palaeoz. [Ety. proper name.]
hemispherica, Troost, 1840, (Calamopora
hemispherica) 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn.,
Corniferous Gr. (Sig. hemispherical.]
Jiemispherica, Yandell & Shumard, 1847,
(Favosites hemispherica) Contrib. to
Geol. of Ky., Corniferous Gr. This
species was first described by Troost,
who gave the Falls of the Ohio as one
of its localities.
POLYPI.
5:;
Eridophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Brit.
Fobs. Corals. [Ety. erldos, in dispute;
phyllon, a plant.]
rugosum, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. des Terr. Pal., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
simcoense, Billings, 1S59, Can. Jour., new
ser., vol. 4., Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
strictum, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. des Terr. Pal., Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. gathered, narrow.]
vennori, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
verneuilianum, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Pol. Foss. des Terr. Pal., Corniferous
Gr. [Ety. proper name. ]
Ethmophylmjm, Meek, 1868, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 2d ser., vol. 45. [Ety. elhrnon,
aseive; phyllon, a plant.]
gracile, Meek, 1868, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
2d ser., vol. 45, Up. Sil. [Sig. slender.]
whitneyi, Meek, 1868, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 2d ser., vol. 45, Up. Sil. [Ety.
proper name.]
Faviphyllum, as used by Hall, 1852, Stans.
Exped. to Great Salt Lake. [Ety.
favus, honey-comb; phyllon, a plant.]
rugosum, Hall, 1852, Stansbury's Exped.
to Great Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
Favisteli.a, Hall, 1847, Pal. X. Y., vol. 1.
[Etv. favus, honey-comb ; Stella, a star.]
favosidea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. honey-comb-like.]
stellata, Hall, 1847, Pal. X. Y, Hudson
Riv. Gr. [Sig. starred.]
Favosites, Lamarck, 1812, Cours. de Zool.
du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. [Ety. fams,
honey-comb.]
alpenensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Pen. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
alveolaris, DeBlainville, 1834, Man. d'
Actinol., as identified by Hall, in 1843,
Onondaga Gr. [Sig. full of cells.]
asper, D'Orbigny, 1849, Prodr. de Pal-
aeont., Clinton Gr. [Sig. rough.]
basal ticus, Gold fuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.,
(Calamopora basaltica) Devonian.
[Sig. basaltic]
billingsi, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
capax, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. large.]
cervicornis, DeBlainville, as identified by
Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol. 4, De-
vonian. [Sig. deer-horned.]
clausus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Devonian. [Sig. closed up.]
conicus, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. cone-shaped.]
constrictus, Hall, 1852, (Astrocerium con-
strictum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
cristatus, Edwards & Haime. 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palaeoz., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
peaked.]
cumberlandicus, Troost, 1840, (Calamo-
pora cumberlandica) 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
.name.]
digitatus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals.
Ham. Gr. [Sig. fingered.]
dubius, Blainville, 1839,(Alveolites dubia)
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
dumosus, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Pen. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bushy.
clustered.]
emmonsi, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
epidermatus, Rominger, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
covered with a crust or skin.]
excretus, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. separated.]
favosus, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.,
(Calamopora favosa) Niagara Gr. [Sig.
honey-combed.]
forbesi, Edwards & Haime, 1854, Brit.
Foss. Corals, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
forbesi, var. discoideus, Roemer, 1860, (Cal-
amopora forbesi, var. discoidea) Sil.
Fauna W. Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
like a dish.]
goldfussi, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr. de
Palaeont, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
gothlandicus, Lamarck, 1816, Hist. An.
sans. Vert., Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
hamiltonensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss.
Corals, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
helderbergise, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
heliolitiformis, Rominger, 1862, (Calamo-
pora heliolitiformis) Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 34, 2nd series, Devonian. [Sig.
from its resemblance to Heliolites.~\
hemisphericw, see Emmonsia hemis-
ph erica,
hisingeri, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pal.
Foss. des Terr. Palaeoz., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
hispidus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. bristly.]
infundibuliformis, as identified by d'Arch-
iac & Vefneuil. Not America,
ihtertextus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
' Ham. Gr. [Sig. interlaced.]
invaginatus, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. sheathed,
en wrapped. J
limitaris, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. on the border,
from its resemblance to CladoporaA
lycoperdon, see Monticulipora lycoperdon.
man us, Winchell, 1863, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. the hand.]
maximus, Troost, 1S40, (Calamopora max-
ima) 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn., Devonian.
[Sig. largest.]
54
POLYPI.
minimus, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. smallest.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. X. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
niagarensis, var. spinigerus, Hall, 1870,
28th Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
spiny.]
nitellus, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. delicate,
smooth.]
obliquus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. oblique.]
parasiticus, Hall, 1852, (Astrocerium par-
asiticum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. parasitic] This name was
preoccupied by Phillips in his Geol.
of Yorkshire,
placenta, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a cake.]
pleurodictyloides, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
resembling Pleurodictyum.~\
polymorphs, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ.
Petrel, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. having
many-forms.]
prolificus, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat, &
Geol., 2d series, vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig.
abundant.]
pyriformis, Hall, 1852, (Astrocerium pyri-
forme) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. pear-shaped.]
radiatus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
radiciformis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Devonian. [Sig. root-like.]
reticulatus, DeBlainville, 1830, (Alveolites
reticulata) Diet., vol. 60, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. reticulated.]
spongilla, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little sponge.]
striatus, Say, 1818, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 1,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. striated.]
tuberosus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. composed of
tubes.]
turbinates, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol.
4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. top-shaped.]
venustus, Hall, 1852, (Astrocerium venus-
tum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. elegant,]
whitfieldi, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
winchelli, Rominger, 1862, (Calamopora
winchelli) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 34, 2d
ser., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Filicifes gracilis, Shumard, see Plumalina
gracilis.
Fistuupora, McCoy, 1849, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist,, 2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. fistula,
a pipe ; pora, a pore.]
acervulosa, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. many clus-
tered together.]
canadensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
compressa, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. com-
pressed.]
crnssa, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick.]
elegans, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
eriensis, Rominger, 18(56, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
flabellum, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Sig. fan-like.]
halli, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
helios, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. the sun.]
labiosa, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. full-lipped.]
lunata, Rominger, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. crescent-
shaped.]
minuta, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
neglecta, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Niagara Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
nodulifera, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. bearing knots.]
occidens, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. western.]
peculiaris, Rominger, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. peculiar.]
safi'ordi, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
spergenensis, Rominger, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
spinulifera, Rominger, 1800, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. spine-
bearing.]
stellifera, Rominger, 1800, Proc. Acad.
Nat, Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. star-bearing.]
sulcata, Rominger, 1800, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
trifolia, Rominger, 1800, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. three-leaved.]
utriculus, Rominger, 1800, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little bag.]
Gbssograptus, Emmons, (Glossograpsus) 1850,
Am. Geol., pt. 2. Prof. Hall uses the
termination graptus, instead of grapms,
because the latter termination is used
in the nomenclature of Crustacea. This
genus is a synonym for Diplograptus.
cilialus, Emmons, 1850, Am. Geol. This
name will be found preoccupied by
Emmons, under the genus Diplograptus.
setaceus, Emmons, 1850, Am. Geol. See
Diplograptus setaceus.
Graptolithus, Linnaeus, 1730, Syst. Naturse.
[Ety. graplio, to write; lilhos, stone.]
abnormis, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. abnormal.]
alatus,Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can. Sur.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. winged.]
amplexkaule, see Diplograptus amplexi-
caulis.
angustifolius, see Diplograptus angusti-
folius.
POLYPI.
56
antennarius, see Climacograptus anten-
narius.
arcuatus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. bent, bow-
shaped.]
bdmoutemi*, White, conditional name.
bicornu, see Climacograptus bicornis.
bifidus, Hall, 18 8, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
3, Quebec Gr. [Ety. bis, twice; fidi,
to split.]
bigsbyi, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., Decade
2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bryonoides, Hall, 1858,Rep. of Progr.Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. like moss.]
Same species called Fucoides serra,
Brongiart, 1828,Yeg. Foss., vol. 1. See
Tetragraptus bryonoides.
caduceus, see Didvmograptus caduceus.
clintonensis, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep., 4th
Dist. N. Y, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
constrictus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. con-
stricted.]
crucifer, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. the cross-
bearer.]
dentatus, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Utica slate. [Sig. toothed.] This may
be Fucoides dentatus of Brongiart.
denticulatus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. small-
toothed.]
divaricatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. X. Y., vol.
3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. wide apart,]
See Dicranograptus divaricatus.
divergens, Hall, 1859, Pal. X. Y., vol. 3,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. to extend from a
point in different directions.]
ensiformis, see Retiolites ensiformis.
extensus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. extended.]
extenuatus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. - [Sig. thinned
away.]
flaccidus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem. De-
cade 2, Utica shales. [Sig. withered.]
flexilis, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. pliant, flexible.]
See Chonograptus flexilis.
foliacrus, see Diplograptus foliaceus.
folium, (?) see Diplograptus folium,
fruticosus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. bushv.]
furcatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. forked.] See
Dicranograptus furcatus.
gracilis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
halliartus, see Dendrograptus hallianus.
headi, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Sur.
Can., Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hypniformis, see Diplograptus hypni-
formis.
indentus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Prog. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. indented.]
lpevis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud.
Kiv, Gr, [Sig, smooth,]
logani, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marcidus, see Diplograptus marcidus.
milesi, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Vermont,
Quebec Gr, [Ety. proper name.]
mucronatus, see Diplograptus mucronatus.
multifasciatus, Hall, 1865, Decade 2, Can.
Org. Rem., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. many
swathed or banded.]
nitidus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. neat.]
octobrachiatus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. having
eight arms.]
octonarius, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. belonging
to the number eight.]
patulus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
pennatulus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having
small wings.]
peosta, see Diplograptus peosta.
pristw, see Diplograptus pristis.
putiUus, see Diplograptus putillus.
pristiniformis, see Diplograptus pristini-
formis.
quadribrachiatus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of
Progr. Sur. Can., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
having four arms.] See Tetragraplus
quadribrachiatus.']
quadrimucronatus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 2, Utica shales\ [Sig.
having four sharp points or spines.]
ramosus, see Dicranograptus ramosus.
ramulus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem. De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. a little
branch.]
ramulus, White, 1874, Rep. Invertebrate
Foss., Trenton Gr. This name was
preoccupied by Hall in 1865.
richardsoni, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
rigidus, see Chonograptus rigidus.
scalaris, Linna?us as identified by Van-
uxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.N. Y.,
Utica slate. [Sig. a ladder.]
secalinus, see Diplograptus secalinus.
serratulus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. like a small saw.]
Sagittarius, Hisinger, 1837, (Prionotus
Sagittarius) Leth. Suec. Supp., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. an archer.]
textems, see Dicranograptus sextans.]
similis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. like in
aspect.]
spinulosus, see Diplograptus spinulosus.
tentaculatm, see Retiograptus tentaculatus.
tenuis, (?) Portlock, 1843, Geo. Rep. Lon-
donderry, Hud. Riv.Gr. [Sig. slender.]
(enutr, Hall. This name was preoccupied
by Portlock, in 1843.
venosus, see Retiolites venosus.
whitfieldi, see Diplograptus whitfieldi,
56
POLYPI.
Hadrophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850,
Brit. Foss. Corals. [Ety. hadros,
mighty ; phyllon, a plant.]
orbignyi, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Brit.
Foss. Corals, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Haimeophyllum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
vol. 4. [Ety. proper name ; phyllon, a
plant]
ordinatum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol.
4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. well-arranged.]
Halysites, Fischer, 1813, Zoognosia, vol. 1.
[Ety. halysion, a small chain or neck-
lace.]
agglomeratus, Hall, 1843, (Catenipora ag-
glomerata) Geo. Rep., 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. to gather into a
mass.]
catenulatus, Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. catena, a chain ;
latus, wide.]
compactus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. Syn. for H. agglomerata.
escharoides, Lamarck, 1816, Hist, des
Anim. sans. Vert., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
grate-shaped.]
gracilis, Hall, 1851, Geo. Lake Sup. Land
Dist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
meandrina, Troost, 1840,(Cateniporamean-
drina) 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn., Niagara
Gr. The definition is too meagre for
identification.
Heliolites, Dana, 1846, Zooph. [Ety. helios,
sun ; lithos, stone.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. & Mid. Sil.
[Sig. contiguous.]
elegans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
exiguus, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. little.]
interstinctus, Linne, 1767, (Madrepora
interstincta) Syst. Nat., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. divided.]
macrostylus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. makros, long;
stylos, a column.]
megastoma, McCoy, 1851, Brit. Pal. Foss.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. megas, great ; stoma,
mouth.]
pyriformis, Guett.,1770, Mem. 3, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. pear-shaped.]
sparsus. Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. scattered.]
speciosus, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. beautiful.]
spinoporus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N.Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. spina, a spine ; porus,
a pore.] In allusion to the spiniform
rays in the interior of the tubes,
subtubulatus, McCoy, as identified by
Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. somewhat like H. tubulatus.]
tenuis, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. slender.]
Heliophyllum, Hall, 1846, in Dana Zooph.
[Ety. helios, the sun ; phyllon, a plant.]
colbornense, Nicholson, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
colligatum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. collected together.]
exiguum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., Cor-
niferous Gr. [Sig. little.]
eriense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol. 4,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
halli, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Brit. Foss.
Corals. Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
canadense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol.
4, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cayugaense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name],
prolificum, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal. Ont.
Can., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. prolific]
sub-csespitosum, Nicholson, 1874, Geo.
Mag. Lond. N. S., vol. 1, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. somewhat like Cyathophyllum cses-
pitosum.']
tenuiseptum, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. having slender
septa?.]
Heterophrentjs, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geol. [Ety. heteros, irregular; phren,
the midriff or the lamella.]
compta, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
excellens, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. excellent.]
prolifica, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. prolific]
spatiosa, Billings, 1859, (Zaphrentis spati-
osa) Can. Nat. & Geol., vol.. 4, Onon-
daga & Corniferous Gr. [Sig. large.]
Houghtonia, syn. for Columnopora.
huronica, see Columnopora huronica.
Inocaulis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. inos, small sprouts, like the roots
of herbs ; kaulos, the stock or stem.]
bella, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
plumulosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of feathers.]
Lamellopoka, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
lands. [Ety. lamella, a small plate;
poros, a perforation.] This genus is a
synonym for Stromatopora, or very
closely related to it.]
infundibularia, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min-
eral lands, Devonian. [Sig. funnel-
shaped.]
Leptopora, Winchell, 1863, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci. [Ety. leptos, shallow; pora, a cell.]
typa, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. the type of
the genus.]
Limaria, Steininger, 1833, Bui. Soc Geol.
France. [Ety. Limarius, belonging to
slime.]
crassa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. thick.]
POLYPI.
57
falcata, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.sickle-shaped.]
fruticosa, Steininger, 1833, Bui. Soc. Geol.
France, Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of
shoots or stems.]
laminata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara, Gr. [Sig. laminated.]
ramulosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of little
branches.]
Linipora rotunda, one of Troost's names.
Lithostrotiox, Lhwyd, 1699, Lithophyl.
Britann. Ichnographia. [Ety. Mhos,
stone; strotion, little rafter.]
basaUiforme, Conybeare & Phillips, 1822,
as identified by Owen, 1852, see Lithos-
trotion canadense.
californiense, Meek, 1864, Pal. California,
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
canadense, Castelnau, 1843, (Axinura
canadensis) Terr. Sil. Amerique, Lower
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
mamillare, Castelnau, syn. for Lithostro-
tion canadense.
pictoense, Billings, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
proliferum, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa.,
St. Louis Gr. [Sig. putting forth a
new shoot.]
Lonsdaleia, McCoy, 1849, Ann. & Mag. Nat
Hist., 2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. proper
name.]
papillata, Fischer, 1837, (Cyathophyllum
papillatum) Oryct. de Moscou. [Sig.
covered with papilli.]
Lophophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850,
Brit. Foss. Corals. [Ety. lophos, a
ridge; phyllon, a plant.]
expansum, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. Keokuk Gr. [Sig. ex-
panded.]
proliferum, McChesney, 1860, (Cyathax-
onia prolifera) New. Pal. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Sig. abundant.]
Lcnatipora, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich. [Ety. lunatus, cres-
cent-formed ; poros, a pore.]
michiganensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Lyellia, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon. Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palteoz. [Ety. proper
name.]
americana, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
Pol. Foss. Terr. Palaeoz., Corniferous
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
decipiens, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. (Sig. deceiving.]
papillata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. covered with
papilli.]
parvituba, Rominger, 1876, Pal. Foss.
Corals, Niagara Gr. [Sig. small-tubed.]
Madrepora, Linnaeus, 1748, Syst. Nat.
repens, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn.
Not satisfactorily defined.
Megalograptus, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cincin'ti
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1. [Ety. megale,
large ; grapho, to write.]
welchi, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin'ti Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Michelinia, De Koninck, 1842, Descr. des
Anim. Foss. Belg. [Ety. proper
name.]
clappi, Edwards & Haime, (Chonostegites
clappi) Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
convexa, 1850, D'Orbigny, Prodr. de Palse-
ont., Onondaga & Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. convex.]
cylindrica, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
Pol. Foss., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
cylindrical.]
favositoidea, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. like
Favosites.~\
insignis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. & Ham. Gr. [Sig. remark-
able.]
intermittens, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
ceasing for a time.]
lenticularis, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. lens-shaped.]
trochiscus. Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a small round ball.]
Microcyclus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3. [Ety. mikros, small ;
kuklos, circle.]
discus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Sig. a quoit.]
MUlepora, Linnaeus, 1748, Syst. Nat.
repens, see Alveolites repens.
Monograptus, Emmons, 1856,(Monograpsus)
Am. Geol. [Ety. monos, one ; grapho,
to write.]
elegans, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
rectus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol. Quebec
Gr. [Sig. straight.]
Monticulipora, D'Orb., 1850, Prodr. de Pal-
seont., vol. 1. [Ety. monticvlus, a
a hillock ; poros, a pore.]
approximata, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes
approximatus) Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc,
vol. 30, Cin. Gr. [Sig. near to — from
its near approach to M. dalii.]
attrita, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes attri-
tus) Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. vol. 30,
Cint'i Gr. I believe this is not a
good species, but Nicholson says now
that it should be called Dekayia attrita.
barrandi, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes bar-
randii) Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol. 30,
Cin. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
briareus, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes bri-
areus) Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
caliculus, James, 1875, (Chetetes calieula)
Int. Catal. Cin. Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
a little cup".]
68
POLYPI.
cincinnatiensis, James, 1875, (Chetetes
cincinnatiensis) Int. Catal. Cin. Foss.
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clavicoides, James, 1875, (Chetetes clavi-
coides) Int. Catal. Cin. Foss., Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.] A vwy doubt-
ful species.
dalii, Edwards & Haime, 1851, (Chetetes
dalii) Pol. Foss. des Terr. Palseoz.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
decipiens, Rominger, 1866, (Chetetes de
cipiens) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
delicatula, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes
delicatulus) Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc,
vol. 30, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. slender.]
discoidea, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes dis-
coideus) Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. disc-like.]
fibrosa, G o 1 d f u s s , 1826, ( Calamopora
fibrosa) Germ. Petref., Cin'ti to Clinton
Gr. [Sig. fibrous.]
fletcheri, Edwards & Haime, 1851, (Che-
tetes fletcheri) Pol. Foss. des Terr.
Paleeoz., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
frondosa, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr. des
Palseont, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. branchy.]
gracilis, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes" gra-
cilis) Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 30,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. slender.]
jamesi, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes jamesi)
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 30, Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lvcoperdon, Sav, 1847, (Favosites lycoper-
don) Hall, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
& Hudson Riv. Gr. [Sig. puff-ball-
shaped.]
mammillata, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr. de
Paheont, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. covered
with nipples — mammillated.]
monticula, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. small conical
projections.]
newberryi, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes
newberryi) Ohio Pal. vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nodulosa, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes nodu-
losa) Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol. 30,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. covered with small
knots.]
o'nealli, James, 1875, (Chetetes o'nealli)
Int. Catal. Cin. Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ortoni, Nicholson, 1874, (Chetetes ortoni)
Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol. 30, Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pavonia, D'Orbigny, 1850, (Ptylodictya
pavonia) Prodr. de Palaeont., Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. Pavonia, a genus of polyps.]
petechialis, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes
petechialis) Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. spotted.]
quadrata, Rominger, 1866, (Chetetes
quadratus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. four cornered.]
rugosa, Hall, 1847, (Chetetes rugosus)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
rugosa, Edwards & Haime, 1851. The
name was preoccupied,
sigillarioides, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes
sigillarioides) Pal. Ohio, vol. 2, Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. from its resemblance to
Sigillaria.']
subpulchella, Nicholson, 1875, (Chetetes
subpulchellus) Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. somewhat like M.pulchella.~]
tuberculata, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
(Chetetes tuberculatus) Pol. Foss. des
Terr. Paleeoz., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. tuber-
culated.]
Nebulipora, McCoy, 1850, Ann. &Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d ser., vol. 6. [Ety. nebula,
thick-mist; pora, a pore.]
papillata, McCov, 1850, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d ser^ vol. 6, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
covered with papilli.]
Nemagraptus, Emmons, (Nemagrapsus)
1856, Am. Geol., pt. 2. Prof. Hall
uses the termination graptus, because
grapsus is used in the nomenclature
of Crustacea. [Ety. nema, a thread ;
grapho, to write.]
capillaris, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., pt.
2, Quebec Gr. Prof. Hall says this
species is apparently part of a Grapto-
lithus gracilis or of some similar species.
[Sig. like a hair.]
elegans, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., pt. 2.
Quebec Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
Nereograptus, Geinitz, 1852, Die Versteiner-
ungen der Grauwacken — formation,
etc. [Ety. Nereis, existing annelids ;
grapho, to write.]
deweyi, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. slender.]
jacksoni, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lanceolatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol..
Quebec Gr. [Sig. lanceolate.]
loomisi, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pugnus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. a fist.]
robustus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. robust.]
Oldhamia, Forbes, 1850, Dublin Geo. Jour.
[Ety. proper name.]
antiqua, Forbes, 1850, Dublin Geo. Jour.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
fruticosa, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.'
Decade 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. branchy.]
Omphyma, Rafinesque, 1820, Ann. des Sci.
Phys. de Bruxelles, vol. 5. [Ety. om-
pliax, (?) a precious stone.]
congregata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton and Niagara Gr. [Sig.
congregated together.]
drummondi, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
POLYPI.
59
stokesi, M. Edwards, (Ptychophyllum
stokesi) as identified by Rominger,
1876, Foss. Corals, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
verrucosa, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
Pol. Foss. Terr. Paheoz., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. warty.]
Pachyphyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1850,
Brit, Foss. Corals. [Ety. pachys, thick ;
phyllon, a leaf.]
solitarium, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep. Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. alone, solitary.]
woodmani, White, 1870, (Smithia wood-
mani) Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pal.eocyclus, Edwards & Haime, 1849,
Polypiers Fossiles. [Ety. potato*, an-
cient ; kuklos, a circle.]
kirbyi, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Pal.eophyllum, Billings, 1858, Rep. of Prog.
Can. Sur. [Ety. jjalaios, ancient;
phyllon, a leaf.]
divaricans, Nicholson, 1875, Pal. Ohio,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. wide-apart.]
rugosum, Billings, 1858, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
Palaeotrochis, Emmons, 1856, Geo. Rep. Mid-
land counties of North Carolina. This
form Prof. Hall, and later Prof . Marsh,
ascertained to be a peculiar concretion.
major, Emmons. A concretion.
minor, Emmons. A concretion.
Petraia, Munster, 1839, Beitrage zur Petre-
factenkunde, etc. [Ety. petraios, that
grows among rocks.] Streptelasma is
regarded by some as a sub-genus and
by others as a synonym.
angulata, Billings, 1S62, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. angular.]
aperta, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. standing open.]
fanningana, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
forresteri, Honeyman, 1868, Acadian
Geology. Catalogue name.
latuscula, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. a little waist.]
logani, Nicholson, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minganensis, see Archeocyathus mingan-
ensis.
ottawaensis, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2d series, vol. 2, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pygmea, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. diminutive in size.]
pulchella, Billings, 1865. Can. Nat, &
Geo., 2d series, vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig.
lovely, very pretty.]
rustica, Billings, 1858, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. rustic, uncouth.]
selecta, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. select,
choice.]
waynensis, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Phillipsastrea, D'Orbigny, 1849, Note Sur
des Polypiers Fossiles. [Ety. proper
name; astrta, from aster, a star.]
affinis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. adjoining.]
gigas, Owen, 1840, (Astrsea gigas) Rep. on
Mineral lands, Devonian. [Sig. large.]
mammillaris, Owen, 1840, (Astrea mam-
millaris) Rep. on Mineral lands, De-
vonian. [Sig. mammillated.]
verneuili, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Poly-
piers Foss. des Terr., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
yandelli, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Phyllograptus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Sur. [~Ety . phyllon, a leaf ; grapho,
to write.]
angustifolius, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. narrow-
leaved.]
anna, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., Decade
2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ilicifolius, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can.
Sur., Quebec Gr. [Sig. oak-leaved.]
loringi, White, 1874, Rep. Invertebrate
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
similis, Hall, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
4, Quebec Gr. [Sig. similar.]
typus, Hall, 1858, Rep. of Progr. Can. Sur.,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. type of the genus.]
Plasmopora, Edwards & Haime, 1849, Comp-
tes rend., t. 29. [Ety. plasma, a cast;
poros, a pore.]
follis, Edwards & Haime, 1850, Mon. Pol.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a bag of
leather.]
PLEURODiCTYUM,Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.Germ.,
vol. 1. [Ety. pleura, side ; dictyon, a
net]
problematicum, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.
Germ., vol. 1, Onondaga Gr. [Sig.
doubtful.]
Plumalina, Hall, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3. [Sig. like a feather.]
gracilis, Shumard, 1855, (Filiates gracilis)
Geo. Rep. Mo., Lithographic Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
plumaria, Hall, 1843, (Filicites ?) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist, N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. plume-like.]
Polydilasma, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
syn. for Zaphrentis.
turbinatum, see Zaphrentis turbinata.
Porites, Lamarck, 1816, Hist, des Anim. sans
Vert. [Ety. poros, a pore.]
astrsziformis, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
lands, Devonian. This may be the
same species subsequently described
as Pachyphyllum woodmani.
pyriformis, as identified by d'Archiac &
Verneuil. Not American.
vetustus, see Protarea vetusta.
Prionotus, Hisinger, Leth. Suec.
folium, see Diplograptus folium.
pristis, see Diplograptus pristis.
Polypi.
Protarea, Edwards & Haime, 1849, Pol.
Foss. des Terr. Palseoz. [Ety. protos,
first, formerly ; araios, porous, spongy.]
vetusta, Hall, 1847, (Porites vetusta) Pal.
N. Y,, vol. 1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. ancient.]
verneuili, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. des Ter. Palaeoz., Silurian. (?)
[Ety. proper name.]
Ptilograptus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2. [Ety. ptilon, a feather;
grapko, to write.]
geinitzianus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
plumosus, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Quebec Gr. [Sig. plume-
like.]
Ptychophyllum, Lonsdale, 1839, Sil. Syst.
[Ety. ptyche, a ridge or wrinkle ; phyl-
lon, a plant.]
canadense, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
stokesi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
Pol. Foss. des Terr. Palseoz., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Quenstedtia, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals.
[Ety. proper name.]
cornuta, Billings, 1859,(Aulopora cornuta)
Can. Jour., vol. 4, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. horned.]
niagarensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
umbellifera, Billings, 1859, (Aulopora
umbellifera) Can. Jour., vol. 4, Cor-
niferous Gr. [Sig. umbrella-bearing.]
Rastrites, Barrande, 1850, Graptolites de
Boheme. [Sig. a rake.]
barrandi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This may be only part of Graptolithus
gracilis.
Retiograptus, Suess, 1851, Ueber Bomischen
Graptolithen. [Ety. rete, a net ; grapho,
to write.]
barrandi, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
eucharis, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 2, Utica slate. [Sig. very
graceful.]
geinitzianus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tentaculatus, Hall, 1858, (Graptolithus
tentaculatus) Rep. of Progr. Can. Sur.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. having feelers.]
Retiolites, Barrande, 1850, Graptolites de
Boheme. [Ety. rete, a net; lithos,
stone.]
ensiformis, Hall, 1858, (Graptolithus en-
siformis) Rep. of Progr. Can. Sur.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. sword-shaped.]
venosus, Hall, 1852, (Graptolithus ven-
osus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. reticulated or venose.]
Rhombopora, Meek, 1872, Pal. Eastern Ne-
braska. [Ety. rhombus, a rhomb
pora, a pore.]
lepidodendroidea, Meek, 1872, Pal. East-
ern Nebraska, Upper Coal Meas. [Sig.
like the Lepidodendron.~]
Sarcinula, Lamarck, 1816, Hist, des Anim.
sans. Vert. [Ety. sarcinula, a little
bundle.]
glabra, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
lands, Devonian. [Sig. smooth.]
(?) obsoleta, Hall, 1857, Geo. Lake Sup.
Land Dist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
obsolete.]
ramosa, Eaton, 1832, Geo. Text Book, (?)
Gr. [Sig. full of branches.]
Smithia, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol. Foss.
des Terr. Palseoz. [Ety. proper
name.] This name was preoccupied
for a genus in Botanv.
Johanna, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
multiradiata, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. many-rayed.]
woodmani, see Pachyphvllum woodmani.
verrilli, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Sph^erolites, Hinde, 1875, Proc. Geo. Soc.
Lond. [Ety. from forming a sphseroid-
al body.]
nicholsoni, Hinde, 1875, Proc. Geo. Soc.
Lond., Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Staurograptus, Emmons, 1856, (Staurograp-
sus) Am. Geol., pt. 2. The termina-
tion graptus, is used because grapsus is
in use in the nomenclature of Crus-
tacea, [Ety. stauros, a cross ; grapho,
to write.]
dichotomus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. divided in two parts.]
Stellipora, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. Stella, a star; pora, pore.]
antheloidea, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol.
1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. like
a coral of the genus Anthelia. ]
Stenopora, Lonsdale, 1845, Geol. Russ. &
Ural. Mts., vol. 1. [Ety. stenos, narrow;
])oros, a pore.] Most of the species
placed in this genus belong to Monti-
culipora.
bulbosa, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. bul-
bous.]
adherens, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. adhering.]
columnaris, Geinitz, 1866,Carb. und Dyas.
in Neb., Coal Meas. [Sig. columnar.]
crassa, Lonsdale, 1845, Geo. Rus., vol. 1,
Coal Meas. [Sig. thick.]
fibrosa, see Monticulipora fibrosa.
exilis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Sig. slender.]
huronensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Hudson River Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
libana, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined.
patula, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. broad.]
POLYPI.
63
spinigera, Lonsdale, 1845, Geo. Rus., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. bearing-spines.]
Streptelasma, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. streptos, twisted ; ela»ma, lamel-
la.]"
calyculus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
eonulus, Rominger, 1876, Foss, Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little cone.]
corniculum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a
little horn.]
crassum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. thick.]
expansum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. expanded.]
minimum, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. smallest.]
multilamellosum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. having many
lamella}.]
parvulum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. small.]
patulum, Rominger, 1876, Foss Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. standing open.]
profundum, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., (Cyathophyllum profundum)
Black Riv. & Trenton Grs. Was this
name preoccupied by Germar in 1840 ?
[Sig. deep.]
profunda, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye & Black Riv. Grs. If, as
some claim, Streptelasma is a synonym
for Petraia then this name was pre-
occupied by Germar in 1840, as well as
by Conrad in 1843.
radicans, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a root.]
rectum, Hall, 1843, (Strombodes rectus)
Geo. Rep., 4th Disk N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. straight.]
spongiaxis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. from the sponge-
like axis.]
strictum, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. narrow, close.]
Striatopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. striatus, striated ; pora, a pore.]
carbonaria, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc,
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
pertaining to coal.]
cavernosa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. full of cavities.]
flexuosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. bent.]
huronensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iowensis, Owen, 1840, (Cyathopora iow-
ensis) Rep. on Min. lands of Iowa, etc.,
Ham. Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
issa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep. Low. Held.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
linnseana, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missouriensis, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
ragosa, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.] Syn. for Stria-
topora iownttis.
Stromatocerium, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1. [Ety. stroma, layer; herixm, a honey-
comb.]
rugosum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye & Black River Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
Stromatopora, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. stroma, stratum ; poros, a pore.]
This genus is regarded by some au-
thors as a sponge.
alternata, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. alternating.]
csespitosa, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. turf-
like.]
compacta, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black River Gr. [Sig. compact.]
concentrica, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. concentric]
constellata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. starry.]
erratica, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. erratic]
expansa, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. expanded.]
granulata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist, 4th series, vol. 12, Cornifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. granulated.]
hindi, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th series, vol. 13. [Ety.
proper name.]
incrustans, Hall, 1873, "23d Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. incrusting.]
mammillata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. &
Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th series, vol. 12,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. mammillated.]
monticulifera, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing
conical projections.]
nodulata, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. from the
elevations that cover it.]
nux, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a nut.]
ostiolata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist. 4th ser., vol. 12, Guelph Gr.
[Sig. a little door.]
perforata, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 13, Corniferous
Gr. [Sig. perforated.]
ponderosa, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal. vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. from its
ponderous appearance.]
pustulifera, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing
pustules.]
pvstulosa, Safford. Not defined,
solidula, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. solid.]
substriatella, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. some-
what finely striated.]
tuberculata, Nicholson, 1873,Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 12, Corniferous
Gr. [Sig. tuberculated.]
POLYPI.
verrucosa, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Term., Devonian. [Sig. warty.]
Stkombodes, Schweigger, 1820, Handb. der
Naturg. [Ety. strombos, twisting; in
allusion to the lamellae spirally twist-
ing about the center.]
alpenensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Ety- proper name.] Is
this a syn. for Phillipsastrea mammil-
laris?]
diffluens, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. des Terr. Palfeoz., Anticosti Gr.
[Sig. flowing in different directions.]
distortus, Hall, 1843. Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. distorted, ir-
regular in shape.]
eximius, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
uncommon, excellent.]
gracilis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. slender.]
Mianthoides, (?) Heliophyllum halli.
mammillatus, Owen, as defined by Rom-
inger, 1876, Foss. Corals, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. mammillated.]
pentagonus, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
Niagara Gr. [Sig. pentagonal.]
pygmseus, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. dwarfed.]
(?) rectus, see Streptelasma rectum.
simplex, see Zaphrentis simplex.
striatus, D'Orbigny, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
striated.]
vermicularis, Lonsdale, 1849, Trans. Geo.
Soc, vol. 5, Devonian. [Sig. vermi-
cular.]
Syringopora, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. syrinx, a pipe; para, a pore.]
alectiformis, Winchell, 1866, Rep ; Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham, Gr. [Ety. like a
coral of the genus Alecto. ]
annulata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. ringed.]
cleviana, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Polyp.
Foss., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
compacta, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Upp. Sil. [Sig. compact.]
crassata, Winchell, 1866. Rep. Low. Penin.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick; in allu-
sion to the thickness of the tube walls.]
dalmani, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Upp. Sil. [Ety proper name.]
debilis, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Upp. Sil. [Sig. weak, feeble.]
elegans, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
fenestrata, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. reticu-
lated.]
fibrata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. fibrous.]
harveyi, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist. vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hisingeri, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
intermedia, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal.
Prov. Ont., Can., Devonian. [Sig. in-
termediate.]
laxata, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol. 4,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. loose.]
macluri, Billings, I860, Can. Jour., vol. 5,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
multattenuata, McChesney, 1860, New
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. multum,
much ; attenuatus, slender.]
multicaulis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having many stems.]
nobilis, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. remark-
able.]
perelegans, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour., vol.
4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. very elegant.]
retiformis, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 3, Upp. Sil. [Sig. net-
formed.]
reticulata, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ.,
Devonian. [Sig. reticulated.]
tabulata, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palseoz., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. tabulated.]
tenella, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. delicate.]
tubiporoides, Yandell & Shumard, 1847,
Contributions to Geo. of Ky., Cornif-
erous Gr. [Ety. resembling corals of
the genus Tubipora.]
tubiporoides, Billings. The name was pre-
occupied in 1847.
verneuili, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Polyp.
Foss., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
verticillata, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ.,
Up. Sil. [Sig. verticillate, whorled.]
Syringostroma, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2. [Ety. syrinx, a pipe ; stroma, a
layer.]
columnare, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. colum-
nar.]
densum, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. from the ap-
parently dense calcareous structure.]
Tetradium, Dana, 1846, Zooph, vol. 8. [Ety.
tetras, four.]
columnare, Hall, 1847, (Chetetes colum-
naris) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. columnar.]
fibratum, Safford, 1856, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 22, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. threaded.]
fibratum var. apertum, Safford, 1856, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 22, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
open.]
fibratum var. minus, Safford, 1856, Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol. 22, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. less.]
Tetragraptus, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19. [Ety. tetras, four; grapho,
to write]. Prof. Hall does not regard
this sub-genus of Graptolithus, con-
sidering the present knowledge of the
subject, with much favor. G. bryon-
oides is made the typical species. G.
quadribrachiatus, also placed in it.
POLYPI.
approximatus, Nicholson, 1873, Ann
Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th series, vol. 12,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. near to.]
Thamnograptus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol
3. [Ety. thamnus, a shrub ; grapho, to
write.]
anna, Hall, 1865, Can. Org. Rem., Decade
2, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
capillaris, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. hair-like.]
typus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Hud
Riv. Gr. [Ety. type of the genus.]
Thecia, Edwards & Haime, 1849, Comptes
rend., t. 29. [Ety. proper name. (?)]
major, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. large.]
minor, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. less.]
ramosa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. branching.]
swinderniana, Goldfuss, 1826, (Agaricia
swinderniana) Petref. Germ., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Thecostegites, Edwards & Haime, 1849,
Comptes rend., t. 29. [Ety. theke,
a sheath ; stege, a covering.]
bouchardi, Edwards & Haime, 1854, Brit.
Foss. Corals, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hemisphsericus, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna.
West Tenn. , Niagara Gr. [Sig. hemis-
pherical.]
Trachypora, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Paleeoz. [Ety. trachys,
rough ; poros, a pore.]
elegantula, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Tcbipora, Lamarck, 1815, Hist, des Anim.
sans Verteb. [Ety. tubus, a tube;
porus, a pore.]
lamellosa, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
lands, Devonian. [Sig. in very thin
plates.]
Vermipora, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. vermis, a worm ; pora, a pore.]
serpuloides, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like the Serpula.]
fasciculata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. bundled.]
niagarensis, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Vesicularia, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals.
[Ety. vesicularia, from the vesiculose
structure.]
major, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. large.]
minor, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. less.]
.variolosa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of cell pits.]
Zaphrentis, Rafinesque, 1820, Ann. des. Sci.
Phys. Brux., vol. 5. [Ety. za, very ;
phrentis, a diaphragm.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. con-
tiguous.]
bellistriata, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2d series, vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. beautifully striated.]
bigsbyi, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.
bilateralis, Hall, 1852, (Caninia bilater-
alis) Pal. N. Y, vol. 2, Clinton & Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. two-sided.]
canadensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
celator, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. a concealer.]
cinctosa, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
full of circles or belts,]
cingulosa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. circled with lines.]
compressa, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. compressed.]
conigera, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. cone-bearing.]
corniculum, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palfeoz., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. a little horn.]
corticata, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. coated.]
cystica, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a pouch.]
edwardsi, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
egeria, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
elliptica, White, 1862, Proc Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
elliptical.]
eriphyle, Billings, 1875. Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
fenestrate, Nicholson, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geo., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. full of
openings.]
gigantea, Rafinesque, 1820, as identified by
Edwards & Haime, 1851, Polyp. Foss",
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. very large.]
glans, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig. an
acorn.]
gregaria, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. in flocks.]
hecuba, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ida, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Lithographic limestone. [Ety. proper
name.]
incondita, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. confused.]
invenusta, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geo., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. not ele-
gant.]
macfarlani, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
minas, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geo. Low.
Carb. [Sig. proper name.]
64
POLYPI.
multilamella, Hall, 1852, Stans. Ex. to
Gt. Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. many
lamellae.]
multilamellafa, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. Preoccupied
above.
nodulosa, Eominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. full of knots.]
patens, Billings, 1865, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Mid. Sil. [Sig. spread-
ing-]
prolifica, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat, & Geo.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. prolific]
recta, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci.,
Devonian. [Sig. straight]
rugatula, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. covered with little
wrinkles.]
simplex, Hall, 1843. (Strombodes simplex)
Geo. Kep., 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
solida, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. solid.]
spatiosa, see Heterophrentis spatiosa.
spinulifera, Hall, 1858, Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. bearing little
spines.]
spinulosa, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palgeoz., Low. Carb. [Sig.
covered with spines.]
stansburyi, Hall, 1852, Stans. Ex. to Gt.
Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
stokesi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. Terr. Palseoz., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
subrecta, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. somewhat like
Z. recta.']
traversensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
turbinata, Hall, 1852, (Polydilasma turbi-
natum) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. top-shaped.]
umbonata, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. protuberant.]
ungula, Rominger, 1876, Foss. Corals,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a talon.] .
wortheni, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
OOBRIQBlsrDA.
Brachiospcmgia, page 42, read, [Ety. brachi-
um, an arm.]
Cnemidium trentonensis, page 43, read, C. tren-
tonense.
Receptaculites infundibulus, page 44, read, R.
infundibulum.
Aulopora saxivadum, page 47, read, A. saxi-
vada. [Sig. creeping over stone.]
Axophyllum rudls, page 47, read, A. rude.
Campophyllum, page 48, read, [Ety. kampto,
to bend.]
Chonophyllum, page 48, read, [Sig. chonos, a
funnel.]
Chonograptus, page 48, read, Clonograptus.
[Ety. klon, a twig.]
Cladopora lichenoidea, page 49, read, C. lich-
enoides.
Cyathophyllum juvenis, page 50, read, C.
juvene.
Cyathophyllum maritima, page 51, read, C.
maritimum.
Dictyonema fenestrata, page 51, read, D. fenes-
tratum. —
Dictyonema gracilis, page 51, read, D. gracile.
Dictyonema grandis, page 51, read, D.grande.
Dictyonema irregularis, page 51, read, D.
irregulare.
Dictyonema, quadrangtdark, page 51, read,
D. quadr angular e.
Dictyonema retiformis, page 51, read, D. reti-
forme.
Dictyonema robusta, page 51, read, D. robustum.
Dictyostroma undulata, page 52, read, D. un-
dulatum.
Favosites plmrodictyloides, page 54, read, F.
pleurodictyoides.
Halysites catenulatus. page 56, read, [Ety.
catenula, a little chain.]
Leptopora typa, page 56, read, L. typm.
ECHINODERMATA
ORDER CRINOIDEA.
FAMILY CYATHOCRINIDvE. — Agassizocrinus, Anomalocrinus, Barycrinus, Belemno
crinus, Bursacrinus, Carabocrinus, Catillocrinus, Cleiocrinus, Closterocrinus, Cocco
crinus, Coeliocrinus, Cotyledonocrinus, Ctenocrinus, Cyathocrinus, Dendrocrinus,
Dichocrinus, Erisocrinus, Eucalyptocrinus, Eupachycrinus, Forbesocrinus, Glyptas-
ter, Glyptocrinus, Graphiocrinus, Hadlocrinus, Haplocrinus, Heterocrinus, Homo-
crinus, Hybocrinus, Ichthyocrinus, Lecanocrinus, Macrostylocrinus, Mariacrinus,
Myelodactylus, Myrtillocrinus, Nipterocrinus, Onychocrinus, Pachycrinus, Palseo-
crinus, Platocrinus, Porocrinus, Poteriocrinus, Pterotocrinus, Retiocrinus, Rhodo-
crinus, Scaphiocrinus, Schizocrinus, Scyphocrinus, Stephanocrinus, Synbathocrinus,
Taxocrinus, Technocrinus, Thysanocrinus, Zeacrinus.
FAMILY ACTINOCRINIDiE. — Acrocrinus, Actinocrinus, Agaricocrinus, Alloprosallo
crinus, Amphoracrinus, Batocrinus, Coelocrinus, Coronocrinus, Dolatocrinus, Dory-
crinus, Eretmocrinus, Gilbertsocrinus, Goniasteroidocrinus, Hadrocrinus, Lamptero
crinus, Lyriocrinus, Megistocrinus, Melocrinus, Mespilocrinus, Physetocrinus, Pygo
rhynchus, (?) Saccocrinus, Steganocrinus, Strotocrinus, Vasocrinus.
FAMILY CALCEOCRINID^E.— Calceocrinus.
FAMILY ANCYROCRINID.E. (?)— Ancyrocrinus.
FAMILY EDRIOCRINID.E. (?)— Aspidocrinus. Edriocrinus.
FAMILY BRACHIOCRINID^E. (?)— Brachiocrinus, Syringocrinus. (?)
ORDER PERISCHO-EOHINOIDEA.
FAMILY PALjECHINIDjE. — Lepidechinus, Lepidesthes, Melonites, Oligoporus,
Palsechinus.
FAMILY ARCH jEOCID ARID M.— Archseocidaris, Eocidaris, Lepidocidaris, Pholido-
cidaris.
ORDER CYSTOIDEA. — Amygdalocystites, Anomalocystites, Apiocystites, Ateleocystites,
Callocystites, Caryocrinus, Codaster, Comarocystites, Crinocystites, Cyclocystoides,
Cystocrinus, Dictyocrinus, Echinocystites, Echino-encrinites, Eocystites, Glyptocys-
tites, Gomphocystites, Hemicosmites, Heterocystites, Holocystites, Lepadocrinus,
Lichenocrinus, Malocystites, Palseocystites, Pleurocystites, Sphaerocystites, Strobilo-
cystites.
ORDER BLASTOIDEA. — Blastoidocrinus, Codonites, Eleutherocrinus, Granatocrinus,
Nucleocrinus, Pentremites. •
ORDER OPHIUROIDEA.— Protaster, Onychaster.
ORDER ASTEROIDE A. —Codaster, Eugaster, Palseaster, Palaeasterina, Palseocoma,
Petraster, Schoenaster, Stenaster, Taeniaster.
ORDER AGELAORINID^E .— Agelacrinus, Edrioaster, Hemicystites,
ECHINODERMATA.
Acrocrixus, Yandell, 1855, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 20. [Ety. akros, the summit;
krinon, lily.]
shumardi, Yandell, 1855, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 20, Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
urniformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. urn-shaped.]
Actixoi kin-us, Miller, 1821, Nat. Hist. Crin-
oidea. [Ety. aktin, a ray or thorn;
krinon, a lily.]
abnormis, see Megistocrinus abnormis. ,
segilops, see Strotocrinus regilops.
sequalis, see Batocrinus aequalis.
sequibrachiatw, see Batocrinus aequibrachi-
atus.
sequibrachiatus var. alatus, see Batocrinus
sequibrachiatus var. alatus.
agassizi, Troost, 1850, Catal. Not defined,
althea, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
amplus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. full sized.]
andrewsianus, syn. for Eretmocrinus verne-
uilianus.
araneolus, see Steganocrinus araneolus.
asterias, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig. in
the fashion of a star.]
asteriscus, see Batocrinus asteriscus.
biturbinatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. double cone-
shaped.]
brevicornis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. short-horned.]
brevis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. short.]
brontes, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
cselatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Sur. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. carved in relief,
sculptured.]
calyculoides, see Eretmocrinus calycu-
loides.
calyculus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a little cup or
flower-bud.]
calypso, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
cassedayi, Lyon, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Up. Held. Gr. [Ijjiy. proper
name.]
carica, see Batocrinus carica.
caroli, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cauliculus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. the small stalk or
stem of a plant.]
chloris, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
christyi, Shumard, 1855, see Batocrinus
christyi.
christyi, Hall, 1863, see Saccocrinus
christyi.
clarus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. brilliant, illus-
trious.]
clavigerus, see Batocrinus clavigerus.
clio, see Eretmocrinus clio.
clivosus, Hall, 1861, Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist, vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
hilly.]
clcelia, see Eretmocrinus clcelia.
clypeatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. shield-
like.]
concavus, see Ccelocrinus concavus.
concinnus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Burlington Gr. [Sig. handsome.]
corbulis, see Batocrinus corbulis.
coreyi, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am. Jour.
Sci., Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
corniculum, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. corniculum, a
little horn — from the urn-shaped body
below. ]
cornigerus, Hall, 1858, see Dorycrinus cor-
nigerus.
cornigerus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28. This name being
preoccupied, Shumard proposed for
this species A. kentuckiensis.
cornutus, Troost, 1850, Catal. Not defined.
coronatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur*.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. crowned.]
daphne, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
decornis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. without
horns.]
delicatulus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Burlington Gr.
[Sig. rather delicate.]
desMeratus, see Dorycrinus desideratus.
discoideus, see Batocrinus discoideus.
divarwatus, see Dorycrinus divaricatus.
divergent, see Amphoracrinus divergens.
dodecadactylus, see Batocrinus dodecadac-
tylus.
doris, see Batocrinus doris.
eicosidactylus, see Batocrinus icosidac-
tylus.
erodus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. erosus, eroded,
having the parts jagged as if gnawed.]
eryx, Hall 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
eucharis, Hall, 1862. 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. eu, very ; charis,
beauty.] •
evansi, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
• Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
excerptus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. picked
out, selected.]
fibula, Troost, 1850, Catal. Not defined.
ECHINODERMATA.
i;:
fiscellus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a small basket
for fruit, woven of slender twigs.]
fosteri, McChesney, 1860, syn. for A. cse-
latus.
formosus, see Batocrinus fromosus.
gemmiformis, see Batocrinus gemmiformis.
gibbosus, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
glans, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. an acorn.]
glyptus, see Strotocrinus glyptus.
gouldi, see Dorycrinus gouldi.
hageri, McChesney, 1860, New Pal. Foss.,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lielice, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
helice var. eris, Hall, 1864, 17th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
humboldti, Troost, 1850, Catal. Not de-
fined.
hurdianus, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
indianensis, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Warsaw Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
inflatus, see Amphoracrinus inflatus.
infrequens, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. not fre-
quent, rare.]
iimulptus, see Strotocrinus insculptus.
inornatus, see Batocrinus inornatus.
irregularis, see Batocrinus irregularis.
jugosus, Hall, 1860, Supp. Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. yoked together.]
kentuckiensis, Shumard, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
konincki, see Batocrinus konincki.
lagena, Hall, 1861, Desc. New. Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a flask or bottle.]
lagunculus, see Batocrinus lagunculus.
laura, see Batocrinus laura.
lepidus, see Batocrinus lepidus.
leucosia, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
limabrachiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
lima, a file ; brachiatus, armed.]
liratus, see Strotocrinus liratus.
lobatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. lobate.]
locellus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a chest or
casket.]
longirostris, see Batocrinus longirostris.
longus, Meek & Worthen, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Ety.
longus, long.]
lowii, Hall, 1852, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Keo-
kuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lucina, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
matuta, see Eretmocrinus matuta.
matuta var. attenuata, see Eretmocrinus
matuta var. attenuata.
Meeki, Lyon, 1861, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
minor, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. less.]
mmissippiensis, see Dorycrinus mississip-
piensis.
mississippieiisis var. spiniger, see Dorycri-
nas mississipiensi8 var, spiniger.
missouriensw, see Dorycrinus missouriensis.
moniliformis. Miller, cited by Troost, but
the species does not exist in American
strata.
mortoni, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
multibrachiatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. many-
armed.]
multibrachiatus var. echinatus, Hall,
1861, Desc. New Crinoidea, Warsaw
Gr. [Ety. echinatus, prickly.]
multicornis, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig.
many-horned.]
mundulus, see Batocrinus mundulus.
multiradiatus, Shumard, 1857, Trans.
Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. many-rayed.]
shvi"
nashvillse, Troost, 1850, Catal. in Proc.
Am. Ass'n, Ad. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nash villas var. subtractus, White, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, vol. 9,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. taken away
from.]
nyssa, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
oblatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. broader
than long.]
obpyramidalis, Winchell & Marcy, syn.
for Melocrinus verneuili.
oUiculus, syn. for Megistocrinus whitii.
olla, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a pot or jar.]
opusculus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. a little
fortification.]
ornatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. ornamented.]
ovatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
papiUatus, see Batocrinus papillatus.
parvus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo., St.
Louis Gr. [Sig. small.]
pendens, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. hanging
down.]
penicillus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a painter's brush or pencil.]
peniagonus, see Steganocrinus pentagon us.
pentaspinus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 14, Devonian. [Sig.
five-spined.]
pernodosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. very knotty.]
ECHINODERMATA.
perumbrosm, see Strotocrinus perumbro-
sus.
pigtUliformis, see Batocrinus pistilliformis.
pistillus, see Batocrinus pistillus.
planobasalis, see Amphoracrinus plano-
basalis.
planodiscus, see Batocrinus planodiscus.
plumosus, see Glyptocrinus plumosus.
pocillum, Hall. 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
polydaclylm, Schenectady Reflector, 1835,
see Mariacrinus pachydactylus.
precursor, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a forerunner.]
proboscidialis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. having a pro-
boscis].
pyriformu, Shumard, see Batocrinus pyri-
formis.
pyriformis var. rudis, Meek & Worthen,
1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. rough.]
pyramidatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. from pyramidal
summit.]
quadrispinus, see Amphoracrinus quadri-
spinus.
quaternarius, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. con-
taining four, quaternary.]
quaternarius var. spiniferus, Hall, 1861,
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. spine-bearing.]
quinquelobus, see Dorycrinus quinque-
lobus.
ramulosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. branchy.]
regalis, see Strotocrinus regalis.
remibrachiatw, see Batocrinus remibrachi-
atus.
reticulatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crino-
idea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. reticulated
like net- work.]
rotundus, Yandell & Shumard, 1855, Geo.
Rep. Mo., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
round.]
rudis, see Strotocrinus radis.
rusticus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. coarse, rough.]
scitulus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. handsome, pretty.]
sculptus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. engraved, sculp-
tured.]
securis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. an axe or hatchet
with a broad edge.]
semiradiatus, see Saccocrinus semiradiatus.
senarius, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. consisting
of six.]
sexarmatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. six-
armed.]
sillimani, syn. for A. rusticus.
similis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. similar.]
zinousus, see Batocrinus sinuosus.
speciosus, syn. for Strotocrinus regalis.
spinobrachiatus, see Amphoracrinus spino-
brachiatus.
spinotentaculus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety. spina,
a spine; tentaculm, a feeler.]
spinulosus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. full of little
spines.]
steropes, Hall, I860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
subaculeatus, see Dorycrinus subaculeatus.
subiequalis, see Batocrinus subsequalis.
subturbinatus, see Dorycrinus subturbi-
natus.
subumbrosus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. some-
what umbrella-like.] Syn. ~(?) for
Strotocrinus liratus.
subveniricosus, see Physetocrinus subveh-
tricosus.
superlatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. very wide.]
symmetrkus, see Dorycrinus symmetricus.
tenuidiscus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. slender
disc.]
tenuiradiatus, Hall, 1847, see Palseocystites
tenuiradiatus.
tenuiradiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crin. Burlington Gr. [Sig. slender-
rayed.]
tenuisculptus, syn. for Actinocrinus sculp-
tus.]
thalia, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
them is, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
thetis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
thoas, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
tholus, see Strotocrinus tholus.
tricornis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. three-horned.]
trinodus, see Dorycrinus trinodus.
turbinates, see Batocrinus turbinatus.
turbinatus var. elegans, see Batocrinus tur-
binatus var. elegans.
umbrosii8, Hall, see Strotocrinus umbrosus.
unicarinatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. low
keeled.]
Sur. Iowa, Keokuk Gr.
m tc
[Sig-
single
unicornis, see Dorycrinus unicornis.
unispinus, see Dorvcrinus unispinus.
urna, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
urniformis, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig. urn-
formed.]
validus, Meek & Worthen; 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. stoutly built.]
ECHINODERMATA.
ventricosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
ventricosus var. cancellatus, Hall, 1861,
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. cancellated.]
ventricosus var. internodus, Hall, 1861,
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. inter, between; nodus, a joint.]
verneuili, see Melocrinus verneuili.
verneuilianus, see Eretmocrinus verneuili-
anus.
verrucosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. full of warts,
warty.]
viaticus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Lower Carb. [Ety. riaticus, a parting
repast — application not evident.]
viminalis, Hall, 1863, Crinoidea in Wav.
Sandstone Ohio, Waverly Sandstone.
[Sig. bearing twigs for plaiting.]
wachsmuthi, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
whitfiebii, see sub-genus Saccocrinus whit-
fieldi.
whitii, see Megistocrinus whitii.
yandelli, Shumard, 1857, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. ScL, Lower Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
Agaricocrinus, Troost, 1850, Catal. in Proc.
Am. Ass'n. [Ety. agarikon, a sort of
tree-fungus; krinon, a lily.]
americanus, Roemer, 1854, (Amphora-
crinus americanus) Bronn's Leth.
Geog., vol. 2, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bellatrema, see Amphoracrinus bellatrema.
bullatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. studded with
round knobs; bossed.]
calyculus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. the cup of
a flower.]
corrugatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. corru-
gated.]
excavatus, see Amphoracrinus excavatus.
geometricus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. geom-
etrical.]
gracilis, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. slender.]
inflatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
nodosus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. knobbed.]
ornotrema, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. not evi-
dent—the word may be a printer's
mistake for ornatotrema, having a
beautiful opening.]
planoconvexus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Ety
planus, flat ; convexus, convex.]
pentagonus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. pentago-
nal.]
pentagonus var. convexus, Hall, I860,
Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. convex.]
stellatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. covered with
stars.]
tuberoms, Troost, 1849, Catal. This is the
same species described by Roemer as
Amphoracrinus americanus in Bronn's
Leth. Geognostica, vol. 2, 1852-54, and
by the rules of priority it must bear
Roemer's name, for Troost did not
figure or describe it.
whitfieldi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Agassizocrinus, Troost, 1850, Ms. of Mon-
ograph Crinoidea. [Ety. Agassiz, the
eminent naturalist; krinon, a lily.]
carbonarius, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the Coal Measures."]
conicus, Owen & Shumard, 1851, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2d ser., vol. 2,
Chester Gr. [Sig. like a cone.]
dactyliformis, Troost, 1850, as identified
by Shumard, 1853, Marcy's Rep. Red.
Riv., Chester Gr. [Sig. finger-shaped.]
chesterensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Ety. proper
• name.]
constrictus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
gibbosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Chester Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
globosus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Sig. globose.]
gracilis, Troost, 1850. Not defined.]
occidentalis, Owen & Shumard, 1852,
( Poteriocrinus occidentalis) Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Sig. western.]
pentagonus. Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol.5, Chester Gr. [Sig. pentag-
onal.]
tumidus, Owen & Shumard, 1852, (Poter-
iocrinus tumidus) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig. tumid
or swollen.]
Agelacrinus, Vanuxem. 1842,( Agelacrinites)
Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y. [Ety. agele,
a herd ; krinon, a lily.]
billingsi, Chapman, 1860, Can. Jour., vol.
5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cincinnatiensis, Roemer, 1851, Verh.
' Naturh, Rhein. Westph., vol. 8, Cin-
cinnati Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
dicksoni, Billings, 1857. Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hamiltonensis, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
3rd Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
kaskaskiensis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
70
ECHINODERMATA.
pileus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. pileus, a felt cap or hat made to
fit close.]
squamosus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. covered with scales.]
stellalus, see Hemicystites stellatus.
vorticellatus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin-
cinnati Gr. [Sig. whorled.]
Alloprosallocrinus, Casseday & Lyon,
1860, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci.,
vol. 5. [Ety. alloprosalhs, inclining
first to one side and then to another ;
krinon, a lily.]
conicus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc.
Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. conical.]
euconus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. eu, perfect; konos, cone.]
depressu3, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc.
Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
lex, Troost, 1850, (Conocrinus lese). Not
defined.
tufjerculosus, Troost, 1850, (Conocrinus
tuberculosus). Not defined.
Amphoracrinus, Austin, 1848, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 4. Sub-genus of
Actinocrinus. [Ety. amphora, a cup
or goblet ; krinon, a lily.]
amerieanus, see Agaricocrinus americanus.
bellatrema, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus
bellatrema) Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Sig. beautiful
opening.]
divergens, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus di-
vergens) Supp. Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. separating.]
excavatus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus ex-
cavatus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. hollowed out.]
inflatus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus in-
flatus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
planobasalis, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
planobasalis) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. flat-based.]
quadrispinus, White, 1862, (Actinocrinus
quadrispinus) Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
four-spined.]
spinobrachiatus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocri-
nus spinobrachiatus) Supp. Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. spiny
armed.]
Amygdalocystites, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2. [Ety. amygdalos, an almond;
kustis, a bladder.]
florealis, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour., vol.
2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. flower-like.]
radiatus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour., vol.
2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. radiating from a
point.]
tenui8triatus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. finely
striated.]
Ancyrocrinus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. ankura, a grapnel ; krinon,
a lily.]
bulbosus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bulbous.]
spinosus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. covered with
many spines.]
Anomalocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Geo. of 111., vol. 3. [Ety. anomos, ir-
regular; krinon, a lily.]
incurvus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Heter-
ocrine incurvus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. from one incurved
arm.]
Anomalocystites, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3. [Ety. anomos, irregular ; kustis,
a bladder.] Prof. Billings regards
this genus as a synonym for Ateleocy-
stiies.
balanoides, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. 3. [Sig. resembling the
shell of the Balanus.]
cornutus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. horned.]
disparilis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. different.]
Apiocystites, Forbes, 1848, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Great Brit. [Ety. apion, a pear ; kustis,
a bladder.] A. syn (?) for Lepado-
crinus.
canadensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
elegans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
huronensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
imago, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. imago, an image, likeness,
perfect state.]
tecumseth, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Arch^ocidaris, McCoy, 1844, Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. archaios, ancient;
cidaris, a turban.]
aculeatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. armed
with sharp points.]
agassizi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
biangulatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis, Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
double-angled.]
cratis, White, 1876, Geol. of Uinta Moun-
tains, Lower Aubrey Gr. [Sig. like a
basket.]
gracilis, Newberry, 1861, Ives, Col. Ex.
Ex., Up. Carb. [Sig. slender.]
keokuk, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Kas-
kaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
longispinus, Newberry, 1861, Ives, Col.
Ex. Ex., Up. Carb. "[Sig. long-spined.]
megastylus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis, Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
having large spines.]
ECHINODERMATA.
71
mucronatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Sig. sharp-pointed.]
norwoodi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ornatus, Newberry, 1861, Ives, Col. Ex.
Ex., Up. Carb. [Sig. ornamented.]
shumardiana, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
triserrata, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Up.
Coal Meas. [Sig. three-notched.]
trudifera, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Carb. [Sig. bearing a pike.]
verneuiliana, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci. This name was preoccu-
pied by King, and the species is now
known as A. aculeatus.
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Aspidocrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Etv. aspis, shield ; krinon, a lilv.]
callosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sit?, thick-skinned.]
digitatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. fingered.]
scutelliformis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. from the
scutelliform base.]'
Asterias, Lamarck, 1815, Hist. Nat. Anim.
sans. Vert.
anllioni, see Palseaster jamesi.
antiqua, see Palseaster antiqua.
antiquata, see Palseaster antiquata.
matutina, see Palseaster matutina.
Asterocrinus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3. This name was preoccupied by
Munster. See Pterotocrinus.
capital™, see Pterotocrinus capitalis.
coronarivs, see Pterotocrinus coronarius.
Astrios, Troost, 1850, Catalogue. Not defined.
tennesneezc, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
Astrocrinites, Conrad in Catalogue Ann. Geo.
Rep., 1840-'41. This name was pro-
posed but not defined, moreover the
name was preoccupied.
pachydactylus, see Mariacrinus pachydac-
tylus.
Ataxocrinw, Lyon, 1869, syn. for Anomalo-
crinus.
caponiformu, syn. for Anomalocrinus in-
curvus.
Ateleocystites, Billings, 1858, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 3. [Ety. ateles, defective
or incomplete ; kustis, a bladder.]
Professor Billings regards Hall's genus
Anomaloei/xiitm, and DeKoninck's genus
Placocystites as congeneric with this
genus and therefore synonyms.
huxleyi, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Balrmocrinvz, Troost, 1850. This name was
pre-occupied. See Lampterocrinus.
inftatm, see Lampterocrinus inflatus.
Barycrinus, Wachsmuth, 1868, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. [Ety. barm, heavy ; krinon,
a lily.]
geometricus, Meek & Worthen, 1873,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
geometrical.]
hercules, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
hoveyi, Hall, 1861, (Cyathocrinus hoveyi)
Desc. New Crin., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
magnificus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. large-sized.]
mammatus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. covered
with protuberances.]
pentagonus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. pentag-
onal.]
• spectabilis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. notable or worth seeing.]
striatus, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6. Keokuk Gr. [Sig. striated.]
subtumidus, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. somewhat tumid or as if
blown up.]
thomse, Hall, 1860, (Cyathocrinus thoma?)
Supp. Geo. Sur. Iowa, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Batocrinus, Casseday, 1869, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. batos, a prickly
bush ; krinon, a lily.]
sequalis, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
sequalis) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. equal.]
sequibrachiatus, McChesney, 1860, (Acti-
nocrinus sequibrachiatus) New Pal.
Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig. equal-
armed.]
sequibrachiatus var. alatus, Hall, 1861,
(Actinocrinus sequibrachiatus var. ala-
tus) Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. winged.]
asteriscus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,(Actino-
crinus asteriscus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. little star.]
calyculoides, see Eretmocrinus calycu-
loides.
carica, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus carica)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a kind of dried fig.]
cassedayanus, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
christyi, Shumard, 1855, (Actinocrinus
christvi) Geo. Sur. Mo., Burlington
Gr. fEty. proper name]
claviger, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus clavig-
erus) Supp. Geo. Sur. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. club-bearing.]
cloelia, see Eretmocrinus cloelia.
corbulis, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus cor-
bulis) Desc. New Crinoidea, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. a little basket.]
discoideus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus dis-
coideus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. quoit-shaped.]
72
ECHINODERMATA.
dodecadactylus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
(Actinocrinus dodecadactylus) Proc.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
twelve-fingered. ]
doris, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus doris)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. a mythological name.]
formosus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus for-
mosus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
gemmiformis, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
gemmiformis) Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. bud-like.]
icosidactylus, Casseday, 1854 (Actino-
crinus icosidactylus) Zeitsch.
Deutsch. Geol. Gesellsch, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. twenty-fingered.]
inornatus, Hall, I860, (Actinocrinus in-
ornatus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. not ornamented.]
irregularis, Casseday, 1854, Zeitsch.
Deutsch Geol. Gesell., Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. irregular.]
konincki, Shumard, 1855, (Actinocrinus
konincki) Geo. Rep. Mo., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lagunculus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
lagunculus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. small flask, small
bottle.]
laura, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus laura)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
lepidus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus lepidus)
Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
longirostris, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
longirostris) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. having a long probos-
cis.]
magnificus, see Eretmocrinus magnificus.
mundulus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
mundulus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. neat, trim, nice.]
neglectus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. overlooked.]
papillatus, Hall, 1860. (Actinocrinus
papillatus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. shaped like a
bud.]
pistilliformis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinder-
shook Gr. [Sig. in the form of a
pestle.]
pistillus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a pestle.]
planodiscus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
planodiscus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a plain disc]
pyriformis, Shumard, 1855, (Actinocri-
nus pyriformis) Geo, Sur. Mo., Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. pear-shaped.]
quasillus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig, a small basket.]
remibrachiatus, see sub-genus Eretmocri-
nus remibrachiatus.
sinuosus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus sinu-
osus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. full of curves.]
subaequalis, McChesney, 1860, (Actinocri-
nus subeequalis) New Pal. Foss., Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. somewhat equal.]
trochiscus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a little wheel.]
turbinatus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus tur-
binatus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. top-shaped.]
turbinatus var. elegans, (Actinocrinus tur-
binatus var. elegans) Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
verneuilianus, see Eretmocrinus verneu-
ilianus.
Belemnocrinus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9. [Ety. belemnon,
a dart, javelin ; krincm, a lily.]
typus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
type of the genus.]
whitii, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper *name. ]
Blastoidocrinus, Billings, 1859, Decade 4.
[Ety. blastos, bud ; eidos, form ; krinon,
my-]
carcharidens, Billings, 1859, Geo. Sur. of
Can., Decade 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety.
carcharuz, a shark ; den's, a tooth.]
Brachiocrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. brachium, an arm ; krinon, a lily.]
nodosarius, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. knotty.]
Bursacrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. buna, a
purse; krinon, a lily.]
confirmatus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
very thick or firm.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cacabocrinus, Troost, 1850. It was never
described. The fossils that have been
referred to it will be found under
Dolatocrinus.
Calathocrinus, Hall, 1861. This name was
preoccupied by Von Meyer, in 1848.
Calceocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. calceus, a shoe; krinon, a lily.]
barrisi, Woithen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Devonian. [Etv. proper name.]
bradleyi, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
chrysalis, Hall, 1859, (Cheirocrinus chry-
salis) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. chrysalis.]
clarus, Hall, 1862, (Cheirocrinus clarus)
15th Reg. Rep. N, Y., Hamilton Gr.
[Sig. distinct, remarkable.]
ECHINODERMATA.
73
dactylus, Hall, 1859, (Cheirocrinus dacty-
lus) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. a finger.]
lamellosus, Hall, 1859, (Cheirocrinus lam-
ellosus) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. in very thin plates.]
nodosus, Hall, 1859, ( Cheirocrinus nodo-
sus) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. knobbed.]
perplexus, Shumard, 1866, (Cheirocrinus
perplexus) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. intricate, obscure.]
stigmatus, Hall, 1863, (Cheirocrinus stig-
matus) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. marked, branded.]
tunicatus, Hall, 1859, (Cheirocrinus tuni-
catus) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. coated.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1859, (Cheirocrinus
ventricosus) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 186 9,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Callocystites, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. kallos, beautiful ; kustis, bladder.]
jewetti, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Campanvlites, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
tesselatus, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
Carabocrinus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. karabos, a crab; krinon, a lily.]
radiatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. radiating from a
point.]
tuberculatum Billings, 1859, Decade 4,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. covered with
tubercles.]
vancortlandti, Billings, 1859, Decade 4,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Caryocrinus, Say, 1825, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 4. [Ety. hat-yon, a nut;
krinon, a lily.]
globosus, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
granulatus, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
hexagonns, Troost. Not defined.
insculptus, Troost. Not defined.
loricatus, Say, 1825, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 4, Clinton & Niagara Gr. Syn.
for C. ornatus.
meconoideus, Troost. Not defined.
ornatus, Say, 1825, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 4, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
adorned.]
Caryocystites, Von Buch, as cited by Hall in
1861, in Geo. Rep. Wis. See Holo-
cystites.
alternatus, see Holocystites alternatus.
cylindricm, see Holocystites cylindricus.
Catillocrinus, Troost, 1850, Cat. Foss., de-
scribed by Shumard, 1866, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci. [Ety. catillus, a
small bowl ; krinon, a lily.]
bradleyi, Meek & Worthen, 1868, -Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
10
tennessese, Troost, 1850, Catalogue, but
described by Shumard, in 1866, in
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Warsaw
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
(Synbathocrinus wachsmuthi) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Cheirocrixits, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
This name seems to have been pre-
occupied by Eichwald, in 1856, and
therefore cannot stand. Shumard
suggests the close affinity with Calceo-
crinus, and I have therefore referred
the species to that genus.
chrysalis, see Calceocrinus chrysalis.
darns, see Calceocrinus clarus.
dactylus, see Calceocrinus dactylus.
lamellosus, see Calceocrinus lamellosus.
nodosus, see Calceocrinus nodosus.
perplexus, see Calceocrinus perplexus.
xtightaftix, see Calceocrinus stigmatus.
tunicatus, see Calceocrinus tunicatus.
ventricosus, see Calceocrinus ventricosus.
Cleiocrinus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. kleio, I close ; krinon, a lily.]
grandis, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. great.]
libanus, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined.
magnificus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. magnifi-
cent.]
regius, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. royal, magnificent.]
Ci.osterocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2. [Ety. blaster, a spindle ; krinon, a
Kly.j
elongatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. lengthened.]
Coccocrinus, Muller, 1855, Verhand,Natur-
hist. Vereins Rhein und Westph.,
Jahr. 12. [Ety. kokkos, a berry ; krinon,
a lily.]
bacca, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna. West
Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a small
round fruit, a berry.]
Codaster, McCoy, 1849, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist. 2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. kodon, a
bell; aster, a star.]
alternatus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. alternat-
ing-]
americanus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
kentuckiensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
pvramidatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
in the form of a pyramid.]
whitii, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
7-1
ECHINODERMATA.
Codonites, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. kodon, a
bell; lithos, stone.]
gracilis, Meek & Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
stelliformis, Owen & Shumard, 1850, (Pen-
tremites stelliformis), Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., 2d series, vol. 2, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. star-shaped.]
Cceliocrinus, White, 1863, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7. [Ety. koilia, the
belly ; krinon, a lily.]
dilatatus, Hall, 1861, (Poteriocrinus dila-
tatus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. widened, spread out.]
subspinosus, White, 1863, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
somewhat covered with spines.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1861, (Poteriocrinus
ventricosus) Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
Cuslocrinus, Meek & Worthen. 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. koilos,
hollow ; krinon, a lily.]
concavus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, (Acti-
nocrinus concavus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. de-
pressed, concave.]
Comarocystites, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2. [Ety. komaron, a strawberry ;
kustis, a bladder.]
obconicus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. inversely conical.]
punctatus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour., vol.
2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. punctate.]
shumardi, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Conocrinus, Troost. Not defined.
Coronocrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. korone, a crown ; krinon, a lily.]
polydactylus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. many-fingered.]
Cotyledonocrinus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860,
Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5.
[Ety. kotyledon, any cup-shaped hollow
or cavity; krinon, a lily.]
pentalobus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc.
Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. five-lobed.]
Crinocystites, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. krinon, a lily ; kustis, a bladder.]
chrysalis, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. chrysalis.]
(?) rectus, Hall, 1864, see Rhodocrinus (?)
rectus.
Crumensecrinites, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
ovalis, Troost, 1850. Not defined.
Ctenocrinus, Bronn, 1840, Leonh. und
Bronn, Jahrb. [Ety. kten, comb ; kri-
non, a lily.] This genus may include
the species referred to Macrostylo-
crinus, if so, it would have priority,
bainbridgensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Portage Gr. [Ety
proper name.]
breviradiatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1872,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. having short rays.]
CupelUecrinus. This name was proposed by
Troost in his catalogue published in
1850, in Proc. Am. Ass'n, with the
following species, C. buchii, C. corru-
gdtus, C. injlatus, C. Isevis, C. magnificw,
C. pentagonalis, C. rosxformis, C. stellatus,
and C. striatus. As the words have
never been illustrated or defined ; they
must be regarded as out of the list.
Cyathocrinus, Miller, 1821, Nat. Hist.
Crinoidea. [Ety. cyathos, a cup or
goblet; krinon, a lily.]
angulatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. having angles, cornered.]
arboreus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. tree-like.]
bulbosus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. bulbous.]
bullatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. bossed, studded
with small round knobs.]
conglobalus, Troost. Not defined.
cora, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep. Niagara
Gr. [Ety. a Roman proper name.]
cornutus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. horned.]
corrugatus, Troost. Not defined.
crassibrachiatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. thick-
armed.]
crassus, see Zeacrinus crassus.
crateriformis, Troost. ^ Not defined.
decadactylus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859,
Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol. 28, Low
Carb. [Sig. ten-fingered.]
decadactylus, see Scaphiocrinus decadacty
lus. This name was preoccupied.
depressus, Troost, see Zeacrinus depressus
divaricatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa
Burlington Gr. [Sig. wide apart
diverging.]
enormis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Poterio
crinus enormis) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci
Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. unusually
large.]
farleyi, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr
[Etv. proper name.]
fasciatus, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. striped.]
florealis, see Zeacrinus florealis.
fragilis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. frail, easily broken.]
globosus, Troost. Not defined.
granuliferus, Shumard, 1852, Red. Riv.
Expl. Louisiana, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
bearing granules.]
hexadactylus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859,
Am. Jonr. Sci., vol. 29, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. six-fingered.]
hoveyi, see Bary crinus hoveyi.
ECHINODERMATA.
7.-.
ineipiens, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. a begin-
ning.]
inflatus, Troost. Not denned.
inflexvx, Geinitz, 1866, syn. for Poteriocri-
nus hemispbericus.
insperatus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Low. Carb. [Sig. unex-
pected.]
intermedius, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
iowensis, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kelloggi, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
laeviculus, Lyon, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. nearly
smooth.]
latus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. wide.]
lamellosus, White, 1863, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. in very thin plates.]
lyoni, Hall, 1861. Desc. New Crinoidea,
Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
macropleurus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. long-
sided.]
magister, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. the master, chief.]
magnoliiformis, see Zeacrinus magnolii-
formis.
malvaceus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. mallow-shaped.]
maniform'us, see Zeacrinus maniformis.
multibrachiatus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859,
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. many-armed.]
ornatissimus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. highly
ornamented.]
parvibrachiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. small-
armed.]
pentalobus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. five-lobed.]
planus, Troost. Not defined.
polyxo, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
poterium, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. a drinking vessel, a goblet,]
protuberans, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. protuberant.]
pusillus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst. vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. very small.]
pyriformis, Murchison, Sil. Researches,
1839, as identified by Hall, but de-
scribed by Conrad as Ichthyocrinus
lsevis.
quinquelobus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. five-lobed.]
rarus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
vol. 13, Low. Carb. [Sig. rare.]
rigidus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
rigid, not flexible.]
robustus, Troost. Not defined.
roemeri, Troost. Not defined,
rotundatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
saffordi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
sangamonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
scitulus, svn. for C. sculptilis.
sculptilis", Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. carved,
engraved.]
sculptus, Troost. Not defined,
solidus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. solid, dense,
compact.]
spurius, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. spurious.]
stellatus, Troost, 1850, Cat. Crin. Proc.
Am. Assoc, Ad. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. glittering with stars.]
subtumidus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. somewhat tumid.]
tennesseese, Troost. Not defined,
tenuidactylus, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. slender-fingered.]
thomx, see Barycrinus thomse.
tiarxformis, see Ichthyocrinus tiariformis.
tumidus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. tumid, or as if
swollen.]
viminalis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. rod-like.]
waukoma, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Lyon, 1861, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyclaster, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr. This
name was preoccupied. See Edrio-
aster.
bigsbyi, see Edrioaster bigsbyi.
Cyclocystoides, Billings & Salter, 1858, Can.
Org. Rem., Decade 3. [Ety. kuklos, a
circle; kustis, a bladder ; eidos, form.]
anteceptus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Trenton
& Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. anticipated,
comprehended before.]
halli, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
huronensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss. vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
salteri, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cystocrinus, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna. West
Tenn. [Ety. kustis, a bladder ; krinon,
a lily.]
70
ECHINODERMATA.
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna.
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Cytocrinus, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna. West
Tenn. Syn. for Macrostylocrinus.
leevia, see Macrostylocrinus lsevis.
Dzemonocriniles, Troost. Not denned.
Decadactylocrinites, Owen. Not defined.
Dendrocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. dendron, a tree ; krinon, a lily.]
acutidaetylus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Trenton Gr. [Sig. sharp-
fingered.]
angulatus, see Palseocrinus angulatus.
caduceus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. the herald's staff.]
cash, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cincinnatiensis, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
conjugans, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. joined, united.]
cylindricus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
cylindrical.]
dyeri, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gregarius, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. occuring in flocks
or masses.]
humilis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. small.]
jewetti, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
latibrachiatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Prog.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. wide-armed.]
longidactylus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. long-fingered.]
modestus, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined,
nucleus, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. a kernel.]
oswegoensis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
polydactylus, Shumard, 1857, (Homocri-
nus polydactylus) Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. many-
fingered.]
posticus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. behind, posterior.]
proboscidiatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Trenton Gr. [Sig. having a
proboscis.]
rusticus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. rustic, coarse,
rough.]
similis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. similar to D. acuti-
dactylus, and D. proboscidiahis.']
tener, 'Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. delicate.]
Dichocrinus, Munster, 1839, Beitrag. Zur.
Petref. [Ety. dicha, in two parts;
kriiion, a lily.]
angustus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
narrow.]
diesteremis, see Pterotocrinus cbesterensis.
constrictus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. constricted.]
conus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a cone.]
cornigerus, see Pterotocrinus cornigerus.
crassitestus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. like a thick vessel or pot lid.]
crassus, see Pterotocrinus crassus.
dichotomus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Rep. Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. divid-
ing into two.]
elegans, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc.
Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5, Kas-
kaskia Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
expansus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. spread out.]
ficus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc. Am.
Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. a fig.]
lachrymosus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Rep. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. full
of tears.]
lsevis, Hall, 1860, Supp. Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
lineatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. marked with lines.]
liratus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. lined, furrowed.]
ovatus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
pisum, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a pea.]
plicatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. plaited.]
pocillum, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
polydactylus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860,
"Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. many-fingered.]
protuberans, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. protuberant.]
scitulus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. handsome, neat.]
sculptus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860, Proc.
Am. Acad. Arts & Sci"., vol. 5, Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. engraved.]
sexlobatus, see Pterotocrinus sexlobatus.
simplex, Shumard, 1857, Trans. St. Louis,
Acad. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
simple.]
striatus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. striated.]
symmetricus, Casseday & Lyon, 1860,
Proc. Am. Acad. Arts & Sci., vol. 5,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. symmetrical.]
ECHINODERMATA.
77
Dictyocrinus, Conrad, 1841, (Dictuocrinites)
Ann. Rep. N. Y. [Ety. dlctyon, a net ;
krinon, a lily.]
squamifer, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. scale-bearing.]
Dolatocrinus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3. [Ety. dolatus, hewn or tooled ;
krinon, a lily.]
glyptus, Hall, 1862, (Cacabocrinns glyp-
tus) 15th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
sculptured.]
glyptus var. intermedins, Hall, 1862, 15th
Reg. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. in-
termediate.]
lacus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Comiferous Gr. [Sig. a tub, a vat, a
basin.]
lamellosus, Hall, 1862, (Cacabocrinus
lamellosus) 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. in very thin plates.]
liratus, Hall, 1862, (Cacabocrinus liratus)
15th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
furrowed.]
liratus var. multilira, Hall, 1862, Cacabo-
crinus liratus var. multilira) 13th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. many-
furrowed.]
marshi, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
speciosus, Hall, 1862, (Cacabocrinus speci-
osus) 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up, Held.
Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
troosti, Hall, 1862, (Cacabocrinus troosti)
15th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Donacicrinites, Troost. Not defined.
simplex, Troost. Not defined.
Dorycrinus, Roemer, 1853, Wiegm. Arch.
[Ety. dory, a spear ; krinon, a lily.]
canaliculars, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. channeled.]
cornigerus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus cor-
nigerus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. horned.]
desideratus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus de-
sideratus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. wished for, desir-
able.]
divaricatus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus di-
varicatus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. wide apart.]
gouldi, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus gouldi)
Geo. Rep. Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
kelloggi, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
mississippiensis, Roemer, 1853, Archiv.
fur Nat., Jahr. 19, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
mississippiensis var. spiniger, Hall, 1860,
Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. spiny.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1858, (Actino-
crinus missouriensis) Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
quinquelobus, Hall, 1860 (Actinocrinus
quinquelobus) Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. five-
lobed.]
quinquelobus rar. intermedius, Meek &
Worthen, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
roemeri, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
subaculeatus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
subaculeatus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. armed with points
somewhat sharp.]
subturbinatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
(Actinocrinus subturbinatus) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. somewhat top-shaped.]
symmetricus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
symmetricus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. symmetrical.]
trinodus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus trino-
dus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. three-knobbed.]
unicornis, Owen & Shumard, 1850, (Acti-
nocrinus unicornis) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 2, new ser., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. single-horned.]
unispinus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus uni-
spinus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. one-spined.]
Echixocystites, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. echinos, the sea urchin ;
kustis, a bladder.]
nodosus, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep. Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. knobbed.]
Echino-encrinites, Meyer, 1826, Karst.
Archiv. Nat., vol. 7. [Ety. echinos, the
sea urchin; krinon, a lily.]
anatiformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. resembling the
barnacle Anatifa.] I think this species
is not generically distinct from
Lepadocrinns moori.
fenestratus, Troost. Not defined.
Echinus drydenensis, see Eocidaris dryden-
ensis.
gyracanthus, see Tentaculitesgyracanthus.
Edrioaster, Billings, 1858, Can. Org., Rem.
[Ety. edrkm, a seat; aster, a star;
in allusion to the sessile condition of
the species. This name is a substitute
for Cyclaster, proposed in 1857, the
latter name having been preoccupied.]
bigsbyi, Billings, 1857, (Cyclaster bigsbyi)
Rep. of Progr., Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Edriocrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. edrion, a seat; krinon, a lily.]
pocill if ormis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like a little
cup.]
pyriformis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. pear-shaped.]
sacculus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. a little bag.]
78
ECHINODERMATA.
EUeacrinus, Roemer, 1852, syn. for Nucleo-
crinus.]
kirkwoodensis, see Nucleocrinus kirkwood-
ensis.
verneutti, see Nucleocrinus verneuili.
Eleutherocrinus, Shumard & Yandell, 1856,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8.
[Ety. eleutheros, free ; krinon, a lily.]
f\, Shumard & Yandell, 1856,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
whitfiekli, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Eocidaris, Desor, 1858, Synopsis des Echi-
nides Fossiles. [Ety. eos, the dawn ;
cidaris, a turban.]
drydenensis, Vanuxem, 1842, (Echinus
drydenensis) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N.Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hallianus, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas.
in Neb., Up. Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
squamosus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety,
[Sig. scaly.]
llii
Eocystites, Billings, 1868, Acad. Geol.
eos, dawn ; kuslis, a bladder.]
primsevus, Billings, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Sig. in the first period of
life.]
Eretmocrinus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28. [Ety. eretmos, an
oar; krinon, a lily.]
calyculoides, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
calyculoides) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. like a little cup.]
clio, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus clio) Desc.
New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
clcelia, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus clcelia)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
magnificus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Low. Carb. [Sig.
magnificent.]
matuta, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus matuta)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. Matuta, the name of a goddess of
the morning.]
matuta var. attenuata, Hall, 1861, (Acti-
nocrinus matuta var. attenuata) Desc.
New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
drawn out, attenuated.]
remibrachiatus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus
remibrachiatus) Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. paddle-armed.]
verneuilianus, Shumard, 1855, (Actinocri-
nus verneuilianus) Geo. Sur. Mo.,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Erisocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 89. [Ety. eris, conten-
tion; krinon, a lily.] " The authors
have expressed their doubts about
this genus, because it is so closely
allied to Dr. De Koninck's genus,
Philocrinus.
antiquus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. ancient.]
conoideus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat conical.]
nebrascensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 89, Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.] This is regarded
as merely a variety of E. typus.
typus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 89, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
type of the genus.]
tuberculatm, see Eupachycrinus tubercu-
latus.
whitii, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Eucalyptocrinus, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref.
Gerni. [Ety. eu, well ; kalyptos, covered;
krinon, a lily.]
armosus, see Glyptocrinus armosus.
cselatus, Hall, 1843, (Hypanthocrinites
cselatus) Geo. Rep., 4th Dist., N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. carved in relief,
sculptured.]
chicagoensis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
conicus, Troost. Not defined,
cornutus, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. homed.]
cornutus var. excavatus, Hall, 1864, 20th
Reg. Rep., N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
hollowed out.]
crassus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. thick, stout.]
decorus, Phillips, 1839, (Hypanthocrinites
decorus) Murch. Sil. Syst., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. ornamented in relief.]
extensus, Troost. Not defined.
gibbosus, Troost. Not defined.
goldfussi, Troost. Not defined.
laevis, Troost. Not defined,
magnus, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Up. Sil. [Sig. large.]
nashvilhe, Troost. Not defined,
obconicus, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. inversely conical.]
ornatus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Sur.
of Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
ovatus, Troost, as figured by Hall, 1876,
28th Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
ovate.]
papulosus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. covered with pim-
ples.]
phillipsii, Troost. Not defined,
ramifer, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna. West
T e n n . , Niagara Gr. [Sig. bearing
branches.]
splendidus, Troost, Catal. Hall & Whit-
field, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. splendid.]
tennesscete, Troost. Not defined.
Eugaster, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep. [Ety.
euge, pre-eminent, remarkable; aster,
a star.]
ECHINODERMATA.
79
logani, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Eupachycrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. eu, very ;
pachys, thick ; krinon, a lily.]
bassetti, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
boydi, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat, Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
craigi, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
fayettensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
" vol. 5, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.].
platybasis, White, 1876, Geo. Uinta Moun-
tains, Low. Aubrey Gr. [Sig. having
a flat base.]
tuberculatus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
(Erisocrinus tuberculatus) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
tuberculated.]
verrucosus, White & St. John, 1869, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
covered with tubercles.]
Forbesocrinus, DeKoninck & LeHon, 1S54,
Resch. Crin. Carb. Belg. [Ety. proper
name ; krinon, a lily.]
agassizi, Hall, 1858 & 1860, Geo. Sur. of
Iowa & Supp., Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
agassizi ear. giganteus, Meek & Worthen,
1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. very large.]
asteriformis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Cri-
noidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. star-
shaped.]
cestriensis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.)
communis, Hall, 1863, Crin. Waverly
sandstone Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig.
of frequent occurrence.]
giddingi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
juvenis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. young.]
kelloggi, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lobatus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. lobate.]
lobatus var. tardus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav.
Sands. Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig.
sluggish.]
meeki, see Onychocrinus meeki.
monroensis, see Onychocrinus monroensis.
multibrachiatus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859,
Am. Jour. Sci., Vol. 28, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. many-armed.]
norwoodi, see Onychocrinus norwoodi.
nuntius, see Taxocrinus nuntius.
pratteni, see Melocrinus pratteni.
ramulosus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
full of branches.]
ramulosus, Hall, 1860, see F. subramu-
losus.
saffordi, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Sur.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
semiovatus, see Taxocrinus semiovatus.
shumardianus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
spiniger, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. thorny.]
subramulosus, Shumard, 1866, (Hall, 1860,
F. ramulosus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. The specific name
ramulosus being preoccupied Shumard
proposed subramulosus, in Trans. St.
Louis. Acad. Sci. [Sig. somewhat
branchy.]
iliirmei, see Taxocrinus thiemii.
whit field! , see Onychocrinus whitfieldi.
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Glyptaster, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. ghjptos, sculptured; aster, a star.]
brachiatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having arms.]
inornatus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. not adorned.]
occidentalis, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. western.]
pentangularis, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. five-cornered ; pen-
tagonal.]
Glyptocrinus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. ghjptos, sculptured; krinon, a
lily-]
armosus, McChesney, 1861, (Eucalypto-
crinus armosus) New Pal. Foss., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. many-armed.]
baeri, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
carleyi, Hall, 1862, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
decadactylus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. ten-fingered, but
the fossil has twenty fingers.]
dyeri, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
fimbriatus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. fringed.]
fornshelli, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lacunosus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. having deep de-
pressions.]
libanus, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined.
marginatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. margined — from
the border on the margin of the plates.]
nealli, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nobilis, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Sur of
Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. remarkable.]
ornatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Piogr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
so
ECHINODERMATA.
parvus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
(Sig. small.]
plumosus, Hall, 1843, (Actinocrinus plu-
mosus) Geo. Rep., 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. feathery.]
priscus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr. Geo
Sur. Can., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr
[Sig. ancient.]
quinquepartitus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org
Rem., Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig
five-parted.]
ramulosus, Billings, 1856, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. full of little
branches.]
shafferi, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar,
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
siphonatm, Hall, 1861, syn. for Glyptocri-
nus armosus.
subglobosus, Meek, 1873, Pal. Ohio, vol.
1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. somewhat globose.]
Glyptocystites, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2. [Ety. glyptos, sculptured ; kustin,
a bladder.]
forbesi, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, "Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Trenton Gr. [Sig. slender.]
logani, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progress,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
logani var. gracilis, "Billings, 1858, Can.
Org. Rem., Decade 3, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. slender.]
multiporus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. having
many passages.]
Gomphocystites, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. gomphos, nail or rudder ; kustis, a
bladder.]
clavus, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. a club.]
glans, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. an acorn.]
tenax, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. holding on — the arm plates
appear to have been fringed with
tentacles.]
Goniasteroidocrinus, Lyon & Casseday,
1859, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 28. [Ety.
like the recent genus Goniaster ;
krinon, a lily.]
fiscellus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, (Tre-
matocrinus fiscellus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. a
small basket made of twigs.]
obovatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. egg-shaped, with large end up-
permost.]
papillatus, Hall, 1860, (Trematocrinus
papillatus) Supp. to Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. bud-shaped.]
reticulatus, Hall, 1861, (Trematocrinus
reticulatus) Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
robustus, Hall, 1860, (Trematocrinus ro-
bustus) Supp. to Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. robust.]
spinigerus, Hall, 1862, (Trematocrinus
spinigerus) 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
tenuiradiatus, Meek & "Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. slenderly rayed.]
tuberculosus, Hall, 1860, (Trematocrinus
tuberculosus) Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. covered
with tubercles.]
tuberosus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
knobby.]
typus, Hall, 1860, (Trematocrinus typus)
Supp. to Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. the type — the type of the
genus Trematocrinus.']
Granatocrinus, Troost, 1850, Cat. Foss., and
described by Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. granatos, granular ; krinon,
a lily.]
cidariformis, Troost. Not defined,
cornutus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
(Pentremites cornutus) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
from the horn-like interradial pieces.]
curtus, Shumard, 1855, (Pentremites cur-
tus) Geo. Rep. Mo., Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
short.]
glaber, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. smooth.]
granulatus, Roemer, 1852, (Pentremites
granulatus) Monog. Blast., Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. granulated.]
granulosus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. covered with small granules.]
lotoblastus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Low. Carb. [Ety. lotos, the Lotos
plant ; blastos, a bud.]
melo, Owen & Shumard, 1850, (Pentre-
mites melo) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a melon.]
melo var. projedus, see Granatocrinus pro-
jectus.
melonoides, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington, Gr.
[Sig. resembling a melon.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1866, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
neglectus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. overlooked.]
norwoodi, Owen & Shumard, 1850, (Pen-
tremites norwoodi) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., 2d series, vol. 2, Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pisum, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a pea.]
projectus. Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. projected, thrown out.]
ECHINODERMATA.
81
roemeri, Shumard, 1855, (Pentremites
roemeri) Geo. Rep. Mo., Chemung
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sayi, Shumard, 1855, (Pentremites sayi)
Geo. Rep. Mo., Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
shumardi, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Graphiocrixus, De Koninck & Le Hon, 1854,
Rech. Crin. Carb. Belg. [Ety. graphion,
writing instrument ; krinon, a lily.]
brachialis, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3, Low. Carb. [Sig. having arms.]
dactylus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. fingered.]
quatuordecem brachialis, Lyon, 1857, Geo.
Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
having fourteen arms.]
Hadrocrinus, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13. [Ety. adros, full grown ;
krinon, a lily.]
discus, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig. a dish.]
pentagonus, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Phil. Soc,
vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig. pentagonal.]
plenissimus, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Phil. Soc,
vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig. the largest.]
Haplocrinus, Steininger, Bui. Soc. Geol.
France t. 8, 1st series. [Ety. haploos,
simple; fo-inon, a lily.]
clio, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Marcellus shale. [Ety. mythological
name.]
granulatus, Troost. Not defined.
liemispliericus, Troost. Not defined.
ma.rimus, Troost. Not defined.
oralis, Troost. Not defined.
Hemicosmites, Von Buch, 1840, Monatsber
d. Berlin Akad. [Ety. hemi, half;
cosmites, sphere.]
subglobosus, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg.
Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. somewhat
globose.]
Hemicystites, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. hemi, half; faistis, a bladder.]
alius, a synonym for H. granulatus.
granulatus, Hall, 1872, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. from the granulated appear-
ance of the upper surface.]
parasiticus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. parasitic]
stellatus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. star-shaped.]
Heterocrine, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. heleros, irregular ; krinon, a lily.]
articulosus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. full of
joints.]
canadensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] This species can hardly
be separated from H. simplex, by spe-
cific differences, and it is doubtful
whether it constitutes more than a
variety,
constrictus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
constrictus var. compactus, Meek, 1873,
Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
compact.]
crassus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
from the thick arm plates.]
exilis, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. small, slender.]
exiguus, syn. for H. exilis.
gracilis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
heterodactylus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y,
vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. irregularly
fingered.]
insequalis, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
incurvus, see Anomalocrinus incurvus.
isodactylu.% syn. for Heterocrinus con-
strictus var.- compactus.
juvenis, Hall, 1866. Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. voung.]
laxus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. loose.]
poly.ro, syn. for H. subcrassus.
simplex, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. simple.]
simplex var. grandis, Meek, 1873, Pal.
Ohio, vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. great.]
subcrassus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
somewhat like H. crassus.']
tenuis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Heterocystites, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2. [Ety. heteros, irregular; kustis, a
bladder.]
armatus, ' Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having arms.]
Holocystites, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg.
Rep. [Ety. holes, entire; kustis, a
bladder.]
abnormis, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. abnormal, out of
the usual order.]
alternatus, Hall, 1861, (Caryocystites
alternatus) Rep. of Prog. Geo. Sur.
Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety. from the
alternating plates.]
cylindricus, Hall, 1861, (Caryocystites
cylindricus) Ann. Rep. Geo. Wis.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
ovatus, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
scutellatus, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg.
Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a salver or
waiter of a nearly square form.]
sphsericus, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. round-bodied.]
winchelli, Hall, 1864, in 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Homocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. homos, like ; krinon, a lily.]
alternatus, Hall, 1847, (Poteriocrinus al-
ternatus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. from the alternating plates.]
82
ECHINODERMATA.
angustus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
narrowed, contracted.]
cylindricus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
gracilis, Hall, 1847, (Poteriocrinus gra-
cilis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. slender.]
parvus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. small.]
polydactylus, see Dendrocrinus polydac-
tylus.
proboscidialis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. from
the proboscis.]
scoparius, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. a sweeper.]
Hybocrinus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. hubos, hump-backed; krinon, a
My-] ' .
conicus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. conical.]
pristinus, Billings, 1859, Decade 4, Chazy
Gr. [Sig. primitive, early.]
tumidus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. tumid, swollen
out.]
Hydreionocrinus (?) verrucosus, White & St.
John, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci.
See Eupachycrinus verrucosus.
Hypanthocrinites, Phillips, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. upo, under; anthos, a
flower; krinon, a lily.]
cselatus, see Eucalyptocrinus cselatus.
decorus, see Euclayptocrinus decorus.
Ichthyoceinus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
• Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8. [Ety. ichthys, a
fish ; krinon, a lily.]
burlingtonensis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
clintonensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
corbis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. a basket.] Prof. Hall regards
this as a syn. for I. subangularis.
laevis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
subangularis, Hall, 1862, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. somewhat
angular.]
tiariformis, Troost, 1850, (Cyathocrinus
tiariformis) Catal. Low. Carb. [Sig
like a turban.]
Icosidactylocrinites. Not defined.
Lampterocrinus, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn. [Ety. lampter, a lamp
krinon, a lily.]
inflatus, Hall, 1861, (Balanocrinus infla-
tus) Rep. of Progr. Sur. of Wis., Ni
agara Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
sculptus, syn. for L. tennesseensis.
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Lecanocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2..
[Ety. lekane, a basin, from the bowl-
shaped form of the calyx in the typical
species; krinon, a lily.]
caliculus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
elegans, Billings, 1857, Rep of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
laevis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progress,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
macropetalus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. having long-
flower leaves ; from the wide scapular
plates.]
ornatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
pusillus, syn. for Cyathocrinus pusillus.
simplex, "Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. simple.]
Lepadocrinus, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N.
i Y. [Ety. from the resemblance to
the Lepas or Barnacle Anatifa ; krinon,
a lily.]
gebhardi, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
moorii, Meek, 1871, (Lepocrinites moorii)
Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 2, Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.] I think
this species is not generically distinct
from Echino-encrinites anatiformis.
Lepidechinus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Spec.
Crinoidea. [Ety. lepis, scale ; echinus,
the sea urchin.]
imbricatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Cri-
noidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. imbri-
rarispinus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. having few
spines.]
Lepidesthes, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3. [Ety. lepis, a scale;
esthes, a garment.]
coreyi, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Lepidocidaris, Meek & Worthen, 1873, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 5. A proposed sub-
genus of Eocidaris.
Lepidodiscus, Meek & Worthen, 1873, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3. [Ety, lepis, a scale;
diskos, a quoit.] A proposed subgenus
of Agelacrinus.
Lepocrinites, Conrad, 1840. The correct
orthography seems to be Lepado-
crinus.
moorei, Meek, see Lepadocrinus moorii.
Lichenocrinus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet. [Ety.
lichen, a tree moss; krinon, a lily.]
crateriformis, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Tren-
ton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. having
the form of a cup.]
dyeri, Hall, 1866, Phamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
tuberculatus, S. A. Miller, 18 74, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. from the tuberculated plates.]
ECHINODERMATA.
S3
Lyriocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. lyrion, small lyre, a musical
instrument ; krinon, a lily.]
dactylus, Hall, 1843, (Marsupiocrinites (?)
dactylus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. fingered.]
sculptilis, Hall, 1864, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. produced by carv-
ing.]
Macrostylocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 2. [Ety. makros, long ; stylos, an
arm; krinon, a lily.]
lsevis, Roemer, 1860, (Cytocrinus lsevis)
SO. Faun. West Tenn., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. smooth.]
ornatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
striatus, Hall, 1868, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. striated.]
Malocystites, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 3. [Ety. malum, an apple;
kustis, a bladder. )
barrandi, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
murchisoni, Billings, 1858, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 3, Chazy Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Mariacrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. Maria, Mary — a proper name;
krinon, a lily.] See also subgenus
Technocrinus.
macropetalus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having long
flower leaves; from the wide basal
and radial plates.]
nobilissimus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. most remark-
able.]
pachydactylus, Conrad, 1841, (Astrocrin-
ites pachydactylus) Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. thick-fingered.]
Syn. (?) for M. polydactylus.
paucidactylus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low' Held. Gr. [Sig. few-fingered.]
plumosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. feathery.]
polydactylus, Bonny, 1837, (Actinocrinus
polydactylus) Am. Jour., vol. 31, Up.
SO. [Sig. many-fingered.]
ramosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. branching.]
stoloniferus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bearing
branches.]
Marsupiocrinites, Phillips, 1839, Murch., SO.
Syst. [Sig. a purse or bag ; krinon, a
%•]
dactylus, see Lyriocrinus dactylus.
Megistocrixus, Owen & Shumard, 1852,
Geo. Sur. Wis., Iowa and Minn. [Ety.
megistos, very great ; krinon, a lily.]
abnormis, Lyon, 1857, (Actinocrinus ab-
normis) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. abnormal.]
crassus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
depressus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Hamilton Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
evansi, Owen & Shumard, 1852, Geo. Sur.
Wis., Iowa and Minn., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
farnsworthi, White, 1876, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
infelix, Winchell & Marcy, Mem. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. Prof.
Hall regards this species as the young
of Saccocrinus christyi. [Sig. miser-
able.]
knappi, Lyon & Casseday, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
latus, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham, Gr.
[Sig. broad.]
marcouanus, Winchell & Marcy, see Sac-
cocrinus christyi.
necis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
doubtful.] Prof. Hall regards this
species as a synonym for Saccocrinus
christyi.
olliculus, Hall, 1861, Desc.New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a little pot.]
Ontario, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
parvirostris, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. small-beaked.]
plenus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist,, vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
full, large.]
rugosus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 28, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
rugose.]
spinosus, Lvon, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. covered
with spines.]
spinulosus, Lyon, 1861, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil ., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. covered
with little spines.]
whitii, Hall, 1861, Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Melocrinus, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ.
[Ety. melo, a melon ; krinon, a lily.]
bainbridgensis, see Ctenocrinus bainbrid-
gensis.
breviradiatus, see Ctenocrinus breviradi-
atus.
nodosus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., De-
vonian. [Ety. nodosus, knobbed.]
obconicus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. inversely
conical.]
pratteni, McChesney, 1860, (Forbeso-
crinus pratteni) New Pal. Foss., War-
saw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sculptus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. engraved, sculp-
tured.]
verneuili, Troost, 1850, (Actinocrinus
verneuili) Proc. Am. Assoc. Sci.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
84
ECHINODERMATA.
Melonites, Owen & Norwood, 184G, Am.
Jour. Sci., 2d series, vol. 2. [Ety.
melon, a melon ; lithos, stone.]
danse, see Oligoporus danse.
multiporus, Owen & Norwood, 1846, Am.
Jour. Sci., 2d series, vol. 2, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. having many pores.]
stewarti, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tennessee,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Mespilocrinus, DeKoninck & LeHon, 1854,
Rech. Crin., Terr. Carb. Belg. [Ety.
mespilum, a medlar; krinon, a lily.]
konincki, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
scitulus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. handsome,
pretty.]
Myelodactylus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2. [Ety. myelos, the inside pith, from
the foramen or medullary canal pen-
etrating the column of joints ; dactylus,
a finger.]
brachiatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having arms.]
convolutus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. convoluted, rolled
as it were together.]
Myrtillocrinus, Sandberger, 1856, Verst.
der Rhein. Schi. Syst. in Nassau.
[Ety. myrtillus, a myrtle; krinon, a
lily-]
americanus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Up. Held. [Ety. proper name.]
Nipterocrinus, 'Wachsmuth, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. nipter, a
washing vessel ; krinon, a lily.]
arboreus, Worthen, 1863, Geo. Sur., 111.,
vol. 5, Burlington Gr. [Sig. branched
like a tree.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen ; 1868,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Nucleocrinus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8. [Ety. nucleus, a
little nut ; krinon, a lily.]
angularis, Lyon, 1857, (Olivanites angu-
laris) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Cornifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. angular.]
conradi, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ins, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
hallii, syn. for Nucleocrinus elegans.
kirkwoodensis, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
lucina, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
verneuili, Troost, 1841, (Pentremites ver-
neuili) 6th Rep. on the Geo. of Tenn.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Oligoporus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. oligos, few ;
poros, a passage.]
danae, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Melon-
ites danae) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nobilis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. remarkable.]
Olivanites, syn. for Nucleocrinus.
angularis, see Nucleocrinus angularis.
verneuili, see Nucleocrinus verneuili.
Onychaster, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3. [Ety. onyx, a claw;
aster, a star.]
barrisi, Hall, 1861, (Protaster barrisi)
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
flexilis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. pliant.]
Onychocrinus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., 2d series, vol. 29. [Ety.
onyx, a claw ; krinon, a lily.]
diversus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. separated.]
exculptus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am.
Jour. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. carved-
out.]
magnus, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6,. St. Louis Gr. [Sig. large.]
meeki, Hall, 1858, (Forbesiocrinus meeki)
Geo. Sur. Iowa, Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
monroensis, Meek & Worthen,' 1861,
(Forbesiocrinus monroensis) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
norwoodi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (For-
besiocrinus norwoodi) Proc. Acad
Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
whitfieldi, 1858, (Forbesiocrinus whit-
fieldi) Geo. Sur. Iowa, Chester Gr
[Ety. proper name.]
Pachycrinus, Billings, 1859, Decade 4. [Ety
pachys, thick ; krinon, a lily.]
crassibasalis, Billings, 1859, Decade 4,
Chazy Gr. [Ety. from the thick basal
plates.]
Pal^aster, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. palaios, ancient ; rnttr, a star.]
antiquatus, Locke, 1846, (Asterias anti-
quata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol.
3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
antiquus, Troost, 1835, (Asterias antiqua)
Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
dyeri, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
eucharis, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. very graceful.]
granulosus, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. granular.]
incomptus, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. un-
adorned.]
jamesi, Dana, 1863, (Palseasterina (?)
jamesi) Am. Jour, of Sci., 2d series,
vol. 35, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
matutinus, Hall, 1847, (Asterias matu-
tina) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. in the morning.]
ECHINODERMATA.
parviusculus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Mid. SO. [Sig. very
small.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pulchellus, see Stenaster pnlchellus.
shafferi, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep., Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wilberianus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
(Petraster wilberianus) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Pal.easterina, McCoy, 1851, Brit. Pal. Foss.,
but first defined by Salter, 1857, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. [Ety. palaios, ancient ;
aster, a star; inus, resemblance.]
fimbriata, see Schsenaster fimbriatus.
jamesi, see Palseaster jamesi.
rigida, see Petraster rigidus.
rugosa, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. rugose.]
stellata, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Prog.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. star-shaped.]
Pal^echinus, McCoy, 1844, Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. palaios, ancient;
echinus, the sea urchin.]
burlingtonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. slender.]
Pal.eocoma, Salter, 1857, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d series, vol. 17. [Ety. palaios,
ancient ; coma, hair.]
cylindrica, see Tseniaster cylindricus.
princeps, Hall, 1868,' (Ptilonaster prin-
ceps) 20th Reg. Rep. Chemung Gr.
[Sig. early, ancient.]
spinosa, see Tamiaster spinosus.
Pal^ockincs, Billings, 1859, Decade 4. [Ety.
palaios, ancient; krinon, a lily.]
angulatus, Billings, 1857, (Dendrocrinus
angulatus) Rep. of Progr., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. cornered, angular.]
pulchellus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. minutely
pretty.]
rhombiferous, Billings, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
bearing rhombs.]
striatus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 4., Chazy Gr. [Sig. striated.]
mlcatus, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined.
Paljeocystites, Billings, 1858, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 3. [Ety. palaios,
ancient; kustis, a bladder.]
chapmani, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
davvsoni, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
pulcher, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
tenuiradiatus, Hall, 1847, (Actinocrinus
tenuiradiatus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy
Gr. [Sig. slender-rayed.]
Pentacrinites hamptoni, Emmons, 1842, Geo.
Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr. This is
merely the plate of a crinoid column.
Pentagonites, proposed by Rafinesque for a
crinoid column.
Pentremites, Say, 1820, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
2. [Ety. pente, five ; retnos, a board or
plate.]
angularis, Lyon, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. angular.]
bipyramidalis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. doubly-pyramidal.]
burlingtonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
calyce, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a cup.]
calycinus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., KaskaskiaGr. [Sig. a small
cup.]
cervinus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. deer-like.]
cherokeus, Troost, 1850, Catal. Proc. Am.
Assoc. Ad. Sci., Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
conoideus, Hall, 1856, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. shaped like
a cone.]
cornutus, see Granatocrinus cornutus.
curtus., see Granatocrinus curtus.
decussatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
cross marked — arranged in pairs that
alternately cross each other.]
elegans, Lyon, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. ele-
gant.]
elongatus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Encrinital limestone. [Sig. length-
ened.]
florealis, Schlotheim, 18 20, syn. for P.
godoni.
globosus, Say, as identified by Troos^ 1850,
probably Pentremites sulcatus.
godoni, DeFrance, 1818, Diet. Sci. Nat.,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
granulatus, see Granatocrinus granulatus.
grosvenori, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
koninckianus, Hall, 1856,Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
laterniformis, Owen & Shumard, 1850,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 2,
Chester Gr. [Sig. lantern-formed.]
leda, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
lineatus, Shumard, 185*8, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
marked with lines.]
longicostalis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. long-ribbed.]
lycorias, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
ECHINODERMATA.
maia, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
melo, see Granatocrinus melo.
missouriensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
norwoodi, see Granatocrinus norwoodi.
obesus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. fat, plump in
form.]
obliquaius, syn. for P. laterniformis.
oralis, Owen. Not defined,
pyriformis, Say, 1825, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 4, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
from the pyriform body.]
. reinwardti, Troost, 1835, Trans. Geo. Soc.
Penn., vol. 1, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
robustus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. robust.]
roemeri, see Granatocrinus roemeri.
sayi, see Granatocrinus sayi.
sirius, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
sirius, the dog star.]
stelliformn, see Codonites stelliformis.
subconoideus, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep. Low. Carb. [Sig. somewhat
cone-like.]
subcylindricus, Hall & AVhitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
somewhat cylindrical.]
subtruncatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat truncated.]
sulcatus, Roemer, 1852, Monog. Blastoid.,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
symmetricus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. symmetrical.]
tennesseese, Troost. Not defined,
troosti, Shumard, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci , Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
truncatus, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Warsaw Gr. [Sig. trun-
cated.]
-v^rsouviensis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
verneuili, see Nucleocrinus verneuili.
whitii, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
woodmani, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Petraster, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3. [Ety. petros, a stone; aster,
a star.] Prof. Hall regards this genus
as a synonym for Palseaster.
bellulus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
rigidus, Billings, 1857, (Palaeasterina rigi-
dus) Rep. of Progr., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
rigid.]
wilberianus, see Palseaster wilberianus.
Philocrinus, Koninck, 1863. [Ety. philos,
favorite ; krinon, a lily.]
pelvis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 39. Syn. for
Erisocrinus typus.
Pholidocidaris, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety.
pholidos, a scale ; kideris, a turban.]
irregularis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. irregular.]
Physetocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety.
j)hysetos, blown up, inflated ; krinon, a
liiy-J
asper, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. rough.]
dilatatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, (Stro-
tocrinus dilatatus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. spread
out.]
subventricosus, McChesney, 1860, (Acti-
nocrinus subventricosus) Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig. some-
what ventricose.]
Platycrinus, Miller, 1821, Nat. Hist., Cri-
noidea. [Ety. platys, flat; krinon, a
lily-]
eequalis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin.,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. equal.]
americanus, Owen & Shumard, 1852, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
anndixoni, Troost. Not defined.
asper, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. rough.]
bedfordensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2,»Erie shales. [Ety. proper
name.]
brevinodus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Cri-
noidea, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. short-
knotted.]
burlingtonensis, Owen & Shumard, 1850,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
calyculus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
"dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
canaliculars, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. channeled,
grooved.]
cavus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1,
pt. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. hollow,
concave.]
clytis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
" Burlington Gr. [Sig. remarkable.]
contritus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig. worn out.]
corrugatus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. 2d ser., vol. 2, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. corrugated, wrinkled.]
depressus, Owen. Not defined.
discoideus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. quoit-shaped, disc-
like.]
eboraceus, Hall, 18 2. 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. eboracum, Latin
name for York.]
ECHINODERMATA.
87
elegans, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoiclea,
Burlington, Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
eminulus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. projecting
a little.]
eriensis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
excavatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. hollowed
out.]
exsertus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. projecting, thrust
forth.]
georgii, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Iowa Geo.
Rep., Warsaw, Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
glyptus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington, Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
graphicus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig. written on.]
halli, Shumard, 18(56, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
haydeni, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo. Rep.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
hemisphericus, Meek & AVorthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. hemispherical.]
huntsvillse, Troost. Not defined,
incomptus, White, 1863, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
unadorned.]
inornatm, syn. for P. burlingtonensis.
insculptus, Troost. Not defined,
leai, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lodensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
montanaensis, Meek, 1871, Hayden's Geo.
Rep. Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
multibrachiatus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. many-armed.]
niotensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nodobrachiatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. having
knotty arms.]
nodulosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. covered with
small knots.]
nucleiformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. in the
shape of a kernel.]
olla, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
but the name was preoccupied and
Shumard proposed for the species, P.
halli.
ornogranulus, McChesney, Syn. for P.
americanus.
oweni, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
papillatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. shaped like
a bud.]
parvinodus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. having
small knots.]
parvulus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.; Chester Gr.
[Sig. very small.]
parvus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. small.]
penicillus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. a small brush.]
perasper, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. very rough.]
pileiformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. like
a small cap.]
planus, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2d ser., vol. 2,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. plain, level.]
plenus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. full, large.]
pleurovimineus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. pleuron, the side; vimineus, made
of wicker work.]
plumosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. feathery.]
pocilliformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. like
a little cup.]
polydactylm, Troost. Not defined,
prpematurus, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. prema-
ture.]
prattenianus, Meek & Worthen, Sept. 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., St. Louis
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pumilis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a dwarf.]
quinquenodus, AVhite, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist, vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. five-noded.]
ramulosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. full of branches.]
regalis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. royal, splendid.]
richfieldensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
saffordi, Troost, 1850, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sarfe, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, St,
Louis Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
scobina, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat, Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a rasp.]
sculptus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. engraved.]
shumardianus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
striobrachiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing striated arms.]
ECHINODERMATA.
subspinosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. somewhat spiny.]
subspinulosus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. somewhat
full of little spines.]
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1860, 80. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
tentaculatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
feelers.]
tenuibrachiatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phil., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. slender-armed.]
truncatulus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. somewhat trun
cated.]
truncatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa
Burlington Gr. [Sig. truncated, cut
short.]
tuberosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. covered with
protuberances. ]
verrucosus, White, 1863, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. covered with wart-like projec-
tions.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol.
1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
yandelli, Owen & Shumard, 1850, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 2, Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pleurocystites, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2. [Ety. pleuron, the side ; kustis,
a bladder.]
anticostiensis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr. Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
elegans, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
exornatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
filitextus, Biljings, 1854, Can. Jour., vol.
2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. woven like
thread.]
robustus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour., vol.
2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. robust.]
squamosus, Billings, 1854, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. scaly.]
Pokocrinus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. from the poriferous areas sim-
ilar to the pectinated rhombs of the
cystidea.]
conicus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. conical.]
crassus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. thick.]
pentagonus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
five-cornered.]
Poteriocrinus, Miller, 1821, Nat. Hist. Cri-
noidea. [Ety. poterion, a goblet ;
krinon, a lily.]
aequalis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. equal.]
alternatus, see Homocrinus alternatus.
barrisi, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bayensis, see Scaphiocrinus bayensis.
bisselli, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
bursiformis, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. purse-shaped.]
caducms, see Dendrocnnus caduceus.
calyculus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a little cup.]
carbonarius, see Scaphiocrinus carbona-
rius.
carinatus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. keeled.]
concinnus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. handsome.]
coreyi, AVorthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
corycia, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
crineus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig. hairy.]
cultidactylus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Sig. elegantly
fingered.]
cylindricus, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig. cylin-
drical.]
decadactyhw, see Scaphiocrinus decadac-
tylus.
diffusus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. spread-out.]
dilatatus, see Coeliocrinus dilatatus.
divaricatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. spread-out.]
enormis, see Cyathocrinus enormia.
florcalis, see Zeacrinus florealis.
fusiformis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. spindle-
shaped.]
gracilis, see Homocrinus gracilis,
hardinensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hemisphericus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
hemispherical.]
hoveyi, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
indentus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. indented.]
indianensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
keokuk, Hall. 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lasallensis, AVorthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
lepidus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
ECHINODERMATA.
longidactylus, Shumard, 1855. This name
was preoccupied, and the species is
now named P. missouriensis.
macoupinensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
manifbrmis, see Zeacrinus maniformis.
meekianus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Encrinital limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 185 7, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
montanaensis, Meek, 1872, Hayden's
Geo. Rep., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
municipalis, Troost. Not defined,
nassa, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a wicker basket with
a narrow neck.]
nereus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
norwoodi, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nvcteus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
obuncus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. bent in, hooked.]
occhdentalis, see Agassizocrinus occiden-
talis.
perplexus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. intricate.]
pisiformis, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Sig. pea-
shaped.]
pleias, Hall, 1863, Crin.Wav. Sands. Ohio;
Waverly Gr. [Ety. Pleias, one of the
seven stars, a Pleiad.]
posticus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. posterior, the back part.]
proboscidialis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. having
a proboscis.]
rhombiferus, Owen & Shumard, 1852,
Geo. Sur. Wis., Iowa & Minn., Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. bearing rhombs.]
rugosus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled.]
salignoides, White, 1862, Proc. Bost, Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
like willow-work.]
simplex, Lyon, 1860, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc. vol. 13, Devonian. [Sig. simple.]
solidus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. solid, compact.]
spinosus, see Zeacrinus spinosus.
subimpressus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. slightly indented.]
subtumidus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig." somewhat swollen or tumid.]
swallovi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
tenuibrachiatus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. slender-armed.]
ienuidactylus, see Scaphiocrinus tenuidac-
tylus.
tumidus, see Agassizocrinus tumidus.
vanhornei, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ventricosus, see Cceliocrinus ventricosus.
verticillus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. whorled, verti-
cillate.]
wachsmuthi, see Scaphiocrinus wachs-
muthi.
Protaster, Forbes, 1849, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Great Britain, Decade 1. [Ety. protos,
first; aster, star.]
barrisi, see Onychaster barrisi.
forbesi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
granuliferus, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. bear-
ing granules.]
gregarius, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. found in flocks.]
Pterotocrinus, Lyon & Casseday, 1860, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 29. [Ety. pterotos,
feathered ; krinon, a lily.]
capitalis, Lyon, 1857, (Astrocrinus capi-
talis) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Chester
Gr. [Sig. relating to the head.]
chesterensis, Meek & Worthen, I860, (Ac-
tinocrinus chesterensis) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cornigerus, Shumard, 1857, (Dichocrinus
cornigerus) Trans. St. Louis, Acad. Sci.
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. horned.]
coronarius, Lyon, 1857, (Asterocrinus cor-
onarius) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Chester
Gr. [Sig. wreathed, crowned.]
crassus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Dicho-
crinus crassus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig. thick.]
depressus, Lyon & Casseday, 1860, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 29, Chester Gr. [Sig.
depressed.]
pyramidalis, Lyon & Casseday, 1860, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 29, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
pointed like a pyramid.]
rugosus, Lyon & Casseday, 1860, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 29, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
sexlobatus, Shumard, 1857, (Dichocrinus
sexlobatus) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Kaskaskia, Gr. [Sig. six-lobed.]
Ptilonaster, Hall, 1868, syn. for Palseocoma.
princeps, see Palseocoma princeps.
Pygorhynchus, Agassiz, 1839. [Ety. pygos,
solid ; rhynchos, beak.]
gouldi, Bonve, 1846, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., Kaskaskia (?) Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
90
ECHINODERMATA.
Retiocrinus, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 4. [Ety. retium, net ; krinon,
a lily.]
fimbriatus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 4, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. fringed.]
stellaris, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. rayed
like a star.]
Rhodocrinus, Miller, 1821, Nat. Hist. Crin-
oidea. [Ety. rhodon, a rose ; krinon, a
lily-]
asperatus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.
Decade 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. made
rough, uneven.]
barrisi, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
barrisi var. divergens, Hall, 1861, Desc.
New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
divergent, separating.]
gracilis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
halli, Lyon, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Phil., Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
melissa, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
microbasalis, see Thysanocrinus microba-
salis.
nanus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. dwarfish.]
nodulosus. Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. covered with
small knots.]
pyriformis, see Thysanocrinus pyriformis.
rectus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. straight.]
spinosus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. covered with
many spines.]
varsoviensis, Hall, 1860, Supp. Geo. Rep.
Iowa,
name.]
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [
p. <j<
Ety.
proper
wachsmuthi, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. proper
name.]
whitii, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr: [Ety. proper name.]
whitii var. burlingtonensis, Hall, 1861,
Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Saccocrinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. sakkos, a bag or sack ; krinon, a
my-]
christyi, Hall, 1863, (Actinocrinus chris-
tyi) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Niagara
Gr. This species was called by Win-
chell & Marcy, 1865, Megistocrinus
marcouanus, and again by Hall, in
1865, Saccocrinus whitfieldi.
ornatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
semiradiatus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. half-rayed.]
speciosus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
tennesseensis, Troost, Ms., Hall & Whit-
field, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
whitfieldi, Hall, 1867, (Actinocrin.us chris-
tyi, 1863) 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr.
This name must be regarded as a syn-
onym for Saccocrinus christyi as well
as Megistocrinus marcouanus, unless
the fossil should be referred to the
genus Actinocrinus, in which case, the
specific name christyi being preoccu-
pied, marcouanus would have the
preference.
Scaphiocrinus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa.
[Ety. scaphion, a skiff; krinon, a lily.]
abnormis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. abnormal.]
aegina, Hall, 1863, Desc. New Crin. Wav-
erly sandstone, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
sequalis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin.,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. equal.]
bayensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
carbonarius, Meek & Worthen, 18 61,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal
Meas. [Sig. from the coal measures.]
carinatus. Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin.,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
clio, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
coreyi, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
dactyliformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
St. Louis Gr. [Sig. finger-shaped.]
decabrachiatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, KaskaskiaGr. [Sig. ten-armed.]
decadactylus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
(Poteriocrinus decadactylus) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. ten-fingered.] P. decadactylus
was preoccupied.
delicatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. delicate.]
depressus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. depressed.]
dichotomus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. dividing into
two.]
divaricatus, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geol.
Iowa. Burlington Gr. [Sig. wide
apart.]
doris, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
fiscellus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a small basket of woven slender
twigs.]
halli, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ECHINODERMATA.
91
huntsvillje, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
internodius, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. from the length
of the joints.]
juvenis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. young.]
liriope, Hall, 1863, (spelled lyri'ope as
published,) Crin. Wav. Sands. Ohio,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
longidactylus, McChesney, 1860, New
Pal. Foss., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. long-
fingered.]
macadamsi, Wortlien,1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
macrodactylus, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phil., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. long-fingered.]
nanus, Meek & "Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. dwarfish.]
nodobrachiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. arms
nodose.]
notabilis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. noteworthy, extraordinary.]
orbicularis, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. orb-shaped.]
penicillus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a little brush.]
ramulosus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. full of little
branches.]
randolphensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
robustus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. robust.]
rudis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. rude, rough, coarse.]
rusticellus, White, 1863, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol.7, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a little rough, rustic]
scalaris, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. resembling a ladder.]
scoparius, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. a sweeper.]
simplex, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. simple.]
spinobrachiatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New
Crinoidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
spiny-armed.]
striatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. striated.]
subcarinatus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav.
Sands. Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig. some-
what keeled.]
subtortuosus, Hall, 1863, Crin. Wav.
Sands., Waverly Gr. [Sig. somewhat
twisted.]
tenuidactylus, Meek & AVorthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. slender-fingered.]
tethys, Meek & AVorthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
tortuosus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. twisted.]
unicus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. unique.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
(Poteriocrinus wachsmuthi) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
whitii, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Schizocrinus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. schiza, a cleft, in allusion to the
cleft or double interscapular plates;
krinon, a lily.]
nodosus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. knobbed.]
striatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. striated.]
Sch^enaster, Meek & AVorthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. schoinos, a rope ;
aster, a star.]
fimbriatus, Meek & AVorthen, 1860, (Pal-
seasterina fimbriatus, )Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr. [Sig. fringed.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Barling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Scyphocrinus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. scyplws, a little cup; krinon, a
lily-]
heterocostalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. heteros, ir-
regalar; costalis, ribbed.]
SpJuvrocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1866. The
name was preoccupied by Roemer,
and the authors substituted Coelocrinus
for it.
Sph.erocystites, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3. [Ety. sphaira, a sphere from the
spheroidal form of the body ; kustis, a
bladder.]
multifasciatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. many
banded.]
Steganocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. steganos,
covered ; krinon, a lily.]
araneolus, Meek & AVorthen, 1860, (Acti-
nocrinus araneolus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig. a
small spider.]
pentagonus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus
pentagonus) Geo. Sur. Iowa, vol. 1, pt.
2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. pentagonal.]
Stenaster, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3. [Ety. stenos, narrow, in al-
lusion to the contracted body ; aster, a
star.]
92
ECHINODERMATA.
grandis, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. great.]
huxleyi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pulchellus, Billings/1857, (Palseaster pul-
chella) Eep. of Progr. Trenton Gr.
[Sig. minutely beautiful.]
salteri, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Stephanocrinus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. Stephanos, a cor-
onet; krinon, a lily.]
angulatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. angular.]
gemmiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bud-shaped.]
Strobilocystites, White, 1876, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci.. [Ety. strobiios, a pine cone ;
kustis, a bladder.]
calvini, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Strotocrinus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. strotos, spread;
krinon, a lily.]
segilops, Hall, 1860, ( Actinocrinus segilops)
Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. a sweet acorn.]
asperrimus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. extremely rough.]
dUatatus, see Physetocrinus dilatatus.
ectvpus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
'Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. engraved in relief, embossed.]
glyptus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus glyp-
tus) Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
insculptus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus in-
sculptus) Desc. New Crinoidea, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. engraved.]
liratus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus liratus)
Supp. Iowa Geo. Rep., vol. 1, pt.
2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. furrowed,
ridged.]
perumbrosus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus
perumbrosus) Supp. to vol. 1, pt. 2,
Iowa Geo. Rep., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
very shady.]
regalis, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus regalis)
Supp. to Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. regal, splendid.]
rudis, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus rudis)
Supp. to Geo. Sur. Iowa, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. rude.]
tenuiradiatus, Hall, 1861, (Actinocrinus
tenuiradiatus) Desc. New Crinoidea,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. slender-armed.]
tholus, Hall, 1860, (Actinocrinus tholus)
Supp. to Geo. Iowa, Burlington Gr
[Sig. a dome, a rotunda.]
umbrosus, Hall, 1858, (Actinocrinus um-
brosus) Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. shady, umbrella-
like.]
Synbathocrinus, Phillips, 1836, Geol. York-
shire. [Ety. syn, together; baden,
walking ; krinon, a lily.]
brevis, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
short.]
dentatus, Owen & Shumard, 1852, Geo.
Sur. Wis., Iowa & Minn., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. toothed.]
granulatm, Troost. Not defined,
matutinus, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. in the morning.]
oweni, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
papillatus, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crin-
oidea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. bud-like.]
swallovi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, St.
Louis Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tennesseex, Troost. Not defined,
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
robustus, Shumard, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Sig. robust.]
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1866, see
Catillocrinus wachsmuthi.
wachsmuthi, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Syringocrinus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 4. [Ety. syrinx, a pipe;
krinon, a lily.]
paradoxicus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
puzzling, questionable.]
T.ENi aster, Billings, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3. [Ety. tainia, a ribbon ; aster,
a star.]
cylindricus, Billings, 1857, (Palseocrinus
cylindrica) Rep. of Progr., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
spinosus, Billings, 1857, (Palseocrinus
spinosa) Rep. of Progr., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. covered with many spines.]
Taxocrinus, Phillips, 1843, Morris Cat. Brit.
Foss. [Ety. taxus, the yew tree ;
krinon, a lily.]
gracilis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
interscapularis, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa,
Ham. Gr. - [Sig. spaced between the
shoulder pieces.]
nuntius, Hall, 1862, (Forbesiocrinus nun-
tius) 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. a messenger, an interpreter.]
semiovatus, Meek & Worthen, 18 60,
(Forbesiocrinus semiovatus) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. half-ovate.]
thiemii, Hall, 1861, (Forbesiocrinus thie-
mei) Desc. New Crinoidea, Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Technocrinus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
proposed as a subgenus of Mariacrinus.
[Ety. techne, art ; krinon, a lily.]
andrewsi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
ECHINODERMATA.
sculptus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. engraved,
sculptured.]
spinulosis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. covered
with little spines.]
striatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. striated.]
Thysanockinus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. thysanos, fringed ; from the fim-
briated arms or fingers of the species ;
krinon, a lily.]
aculeatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
, Niagara Gr. [Sig. armed with sharp
points.]
canaliculars, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. channeled,
grooved.]
immaturus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. not mature, not
full grown.]
liliiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. lily-shaped.]
microbasalis, Billings, 1857, (Rhodocrinus
microbasalis) Rep. of Progr., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. having a small base.]
pyriformis, Billings, 1857, (Rhodocrinus
pyriformis) Rep. of Progr., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. pear-shaped.] —
Trematocrinus, syn. for Goniasteroidocrinus.
fiscellus, see Goniasteroidocrinus fiscellus.
papillatus, see G. papillatus.
reticulatus, see G. reticulatus.
robustus, see G. robustus.
spinigei-us, see G. spinigerus.
tubercvlatm, see G. tuberculatus.
typus, see G. typus.
Vasocrinus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3. [Ety. vas, a vessel ; krinon, a lily.]
sculptus, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,vol. 3,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
valens, Lyon, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. strong, vigor-
ous.]
Zeackinus, Troost, Catal. Foss., 1850, and
described by Hall, 1858, Geo. Iowa.
[Ety. zea, indian corn; krinon, a lily.]
acanthophorus, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Sig. spine-bearing.]
arboreus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. tree-like.]
armiger, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Sig. armed.]
asper, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
rough.]
bifurcatus, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. bifur-
cated.]
cariniferus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. keel-
bearing.]
compactilis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. com-
pact, pressed together.]
crassus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Cyath-
ocrinus crassus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Low. Coal Meas. [Sig. thick.]
crateriformis, Troost. Not defined.
depressus, Troost, as defined by Hall,
1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Chester Gr.
[Sig. depressed.]
discus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. a quoit.]
elegans, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
florealis, Yandell & Shumard, 1847, (Cy-
athocrinus florealis) Cont. to Geol. Ky.
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. flower-like.]
formosus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
intermedius, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
lyra, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a lute, a stringed instrument.]
magnoliaformis, Owen & Norwood, 1846,
(Cyathocrinus magnoliaformis) Re-
search Pot. Carb. Rocks Ky., Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. magnolia-like.]
maniformis, Yandell & Shumard, 1847,
(Poteriocrinus maniformis) Contribu-
tions to the Geo. of Ky., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. like a hand.]
merope, Hall, 1863, Extract from 17th
Reg. Rep. N. Y, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
mucrospinus, McChesney, 1859, New
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. sharp-
spined.]
ovalis, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 28, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. egg-
shaped.]
paternus, Hall, 1863, Crin.'Wav. Sands.
Ohio, Waverly Gr. [Sig. paternal.]
perangulatus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. very angular.]
planobrachiatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. smooth-armed.]
ramosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. branching.]
sacculus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol.9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a little bag.]
sacculus var concinnus, White, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
scobina, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a rasp.]
scoparius, Hall, 1861, Desc. New Crinoi-
dea, Burlington Gr. [Sig. a sweeper.]
serratus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. serrated.]
spinosus, Owen & Shumard, 1852, (Pote-
riocrinus spinosus,) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. spiny.]
94
ECHINODERMATA.
stimpsoni, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
subtumidus, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Chester Gr. [Sig. some-
what tumid or swollen.]
troostianus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia, Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Belemnocrinus florifer, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1877, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3rd series,
vol. 13, Burlington Gr. [Sig. flower-bearing — the appearance is that of a bouquet
of flowers in a conical vase.]
pourtalesi, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1877, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3d series, vol. 13,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.] These authors have pointed out the family
relationship of the genus Belemnocrinus with Apiocrinus and the genus should
therefore be classed with the Apiocrinida?.
Eucladocrinus, Meek, 1871, proposed as a subgenus of Platycrinus and founded upon P.
montanaensis.
SUB-KINGDOM MOLLUSCA.
First Class,
Second Class,
Third Class,
Fourth Class,
Fifth Class,
Sixth Class,
BRYOZOA.
BRACHIOPODA.
PTEROPODA.
GASTEROPODA.
CEPHALOPODA.
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
CLASS BRYOZOA.
FAMILY CELLEPORID.E.— Flustra, Paleschara, Sagenella.
FAMILY ESCHARID^E. — Arthroclema, Clathropora, Coscinium, Eschara, Escharopora,
Glauconome, Helopora, Intricaria, Phsenopora, Ptilodictya, Semicoscinium,
Stictopora.
FAMILY CRISIDjE.— Alecto, Hippothoa.
FAMILY RETEPORID^E.— Archimedes, Botryllopora, Carinopora, Cryptopora, Evaeti-
nopora, Fenestella, Fenestralia, Gorgonia, (?) Hemitrypa, Ichthyorachis, Lyropora,
Phyllopora, Polypora, Ptilopora, Retepora, Septopora, Synocladia, Tteniopora.
FAMILY THAMNISCIDiE.— Thamniscus.
FAMILY TUBULIPORID^E.— Callopora, Ceramopora, Ceriopora, Cyclopora, Hornera,
Lichenalia, Rhinopora, Trematopora.
Alecto, Lamouroux, 1821, Exposi. Method.
[Ety. mythological name.]
auloporoides, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. like AuloporaJ]
canadensis, Nicholson, 1875, Can. Nat.
& Geol., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
confusa, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. confused.]
frondosa, James, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. branchy.]
inflata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. in-
flated.]
nexilis, James, 1875, Int. to Catal. Cin.
Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. wreathed to-
gether.]
Archimedes, LeSueur, 1842, (Retepora arch-
imedes) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 43. [Ety.
from its resemblance to the machine
for raising water, consisting of a tube
rolled in a spiral form round a cylin-
der, invented by Archimedes, a Greek
mathematician.]
laxa, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass'n Ad.
Sci., vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
loose.]
meekiana, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass'n
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
oweniana, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass'n
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
reversa, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, War-
saw Gr. [Ety. from the reversed direc-
tion of the spiral frond.]
swalloviana, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass'n
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass'n
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Warsaw Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Archimedipora, D'Orb., 1849, Prod, de Pal.
Syn. for Archimedes.
archimedes, see Archimedes.
Arthroclema, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1. [Ety. arthron, a joint; Mema, a
twig.]
96
BRYOZOA.
pulchella, Billings, 1862. Pal. Foss. vol.,
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Botkyllopora, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1. [Ety. boti-ylfos, a
cluster; poros, a pore.]
socialis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
living in groups or flocks.]
Callopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. hallos, beautiful ; poros, a pore.]
aspera, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. rough.]
elegantula, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
florida,'Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agai-a Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
heteropora, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. heteros, irregu-
lar; poros, a pore.]
hyale, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
incrassata, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1, Corniferous and
Ham. Gr. [Sig. stout, thickened.]
laminata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. composed of thin
plates.]
macropora, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Devonian. [Sig. having long pores.]
missouriensis, Rominger, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nummiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal.N.Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. in the form of
small coins.]
perelegans, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very elegant.]
ponderosa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. heavy, bulky.]
punctata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. punctated.]
punctillata, Winche'll, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a
little dot.]
singularis, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. singular.]
unispina, Hall , 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. one-spined.]
venusta, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
Carinopora, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th series, vol. 13. [Ety.
carina, a keel ; poros, a pore.]
hindi, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., 4th series, vol. 13, Corniferous
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ceramopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. keramis, imbricated like roof
tile , poros, a pore. ]
agellus, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. a small field.]
confluens, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. colonies blended to-
gether.]
foliacea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. leaf -like.]
huronensis, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
n. s., vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety proper
name.]
imbricata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol! 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. imbricated, like
shingles on a roof.]
incrustans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. incrusting other
SllbstilllCGS "1
labecula, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. a little spot.]
maculata, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. forming macu-
lae or small clusters.]
maxima, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. largest.]
nicholsoni, James, 1875, Int. to Catal.
Cin. Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ohioensis, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ceriopora, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. kerion, a honey-comb ; poros, a
pore.]
hamiltonensis, Nicholson, 18 74, Geo.
Mag. Lond. n. s., vol. 1, Ham Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Clathropora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. dathrum, a lattice ; pora, a pore.]
This genus is regarded by some as a
synonym for Coscinium.
alcicornis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. elk-horned.]
clintonensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
flabellata, Hall, 1851, Foster & Whitney's
Rep., vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. spread
out like a fan.]
frondosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
[Sig. branchy.]
intertexta, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. inter-woven!]
Coscinium, Keyserling, 1846. [Ety. koskinon,
a sieve.]
asterium, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. like a
star.]
cribriforme, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. full
of openings like a sieve.]
cyclops, Keyserling, 1846, Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
elegans, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Lower beds of St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. elegant]
escharoides, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad, Sci., erroneously written eschar-
ense, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. like the genus
eschar u.~\
keyserlingi, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
michelinia, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
BRYOZOA.
97
plumosum, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig. feath-
ery.]
sagenella, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig. from
its resemblance to the genus Sagenella.'}
tuberculatum, Prout, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
covered with tubercles.]
wortheni, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Ckyptopoka, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 13. [Ety.
kryptos, concealed; poros, a pore.]
mirabilis, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 13, Cornifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. wonderful.]
Cycxofora, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci. [Ety. kuklos, circle ; poros,
a pore.]
discoidea, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. disc-
like, quoit-shaped.]
fungia, Prout, 18 60, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. from
its resemblance to the genus FungiaJ]
jamesi, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
polymorpha, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Sig. many-
fermed.]
Diamesopora, Hall, 1852. Not defined.
dickotoma, see Trematopora dichotoma.
Eschaka, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans.
Vert. [Ety. eschar, a scar.]
(?) concentrica, Prout, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. in concentric
lines.]
ovatipora, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Low. Sil. [Ety. ovatus, ovate;
pora, a pore.]
reticulata, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Low. Sil. [Sig. reticulated.]
tuberculata, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. tuberculated.]
Escharopora, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y. vol. 1.
[Ety. esclmr, a scar ; poros, a pore or
cell.]
lirata, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. lined.]
nebulosa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. misty, foggy.]
recta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. straight.]
recta var. nodosa. Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. nodose,
knotty.]
tenuis, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Evactinopora, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. evactinos,
with beautiful rays ; poros, a pore. ]
grandis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
grand, large.]
13
radiata, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. rayed.]
sexradiata, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
six-rayed.]
Fenestella, Lonsdale, 18 39, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. fenestella, a little window.]
acmea, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. pointed,]
acuticosta, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Sig. sharp-
ribbed.]
aspera, Hall, 1847, (Gorgonia aspera) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. rough.]
banyana, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. from
its resemblance to the rootlets of the
banyan-tree of India.]
bifurcata, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bifurcated,
forked.]
corticata, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. having
rind or bark.]
crebripora, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having the
openings very close.]
cribrosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. like a sieve.]
dawsoni, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag. vol.
2, n. s. Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
delicata, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 23, Waverly Gr. [Sig.
delicate, thin.]
dilata, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. spread
out.]
elegans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
eximia, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. ex-
cellent, select.]
filiformis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 1, n. s., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
thread-like.]
filitexta, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. woven
like threads.]
flabellata, Phillips, 1836, Geo. York. pt. 2,
Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig. fan-
like.]
gracilis, Hall, 1847, (Retepora gracilis)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
hemitrypa, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Low. Carb. [Sig. from half-
closed fenestrules.]
idalia, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
incepta, Hall, 1847, (Retepora incepta)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
incipient.]
intermedia, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. intermediate.]
lyelli, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low,
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
BRYOZOA.
magnifica, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 1, n. s., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
magnificent.]
marginalis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 1, n. s., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
pertaining to the margin.]
multiporata, var. lodiensis, Meek, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
nervata, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.2,
Niag. Gr. [Sig. full of nerves or fibers.]
nervia, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nodosa, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. nodose,
knotty.]
norwoodiana, Prout, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
parvulipora, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having very small
pores.]
plebeia, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas.
Neb., Upper Coal Meas. This name
was preoccupied by McCoy, and the
species is distinct,
plumosa, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci.,Warsaw Gr. [Sig. feathery.]
popeana, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
precursor, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. forerunner.]
prisca, Lonsdale, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
puncto-striata,Hall, 1876,28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. dotted and striated.]
shumardi, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
subretiformis, Prout, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. some-
what net-shaped.]
sylvia, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
tenuiceps, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. slender-headed.]
tenuis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. thin, slender.]
trituberculata, Prout, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. having
three tubercles.]
variabilis, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Carb. [Sig. variable,
changing.]
Fenestralia, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci. [Ety. from the genus
Fenestella.]
st. ludovici, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.] Sanctus Ludovicus, Latin for
St. Louis.
Flustea, Linnaeus, 1745, Amaenitates acad-
emics. [Sig. calm.]
carbaseoides, Eaton, 1832, Geo. Text
Book, Devonian. [Ety. from a sup-
posed resemblance to the recent
Flustra carbasea.]
spatulata, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. spatula-
shaped.]
tuberculata, Prout. 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. tubercu-
lated.]
Glauconome, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. mythological name.]
nereidis, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Carb. [Ety. nerium, a tree; eidos,
like.]
trilineata, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. three lined or striated.]
Gorgonia, Linnaeus, 1745, Amaenitates acad-
emica?. [Ety. mythological name.]
(?) aspera, see Fenestella aspera.
dubia, Goldfuss, 1826, Petref. Germ. Per-
mian. [Sig. doubtful.]
perantiqua, see Retepora perantiqua.
Helopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. helos, a club ; poros, a perforation.]
armata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. furnished
with defenses.]
bellula, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. pretty,
neat.]
circe, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
concava, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. concave.]
formosa, Billings, 1865, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
fragilis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. frail, easily broken.]
fragilis var. acadiensis, Hall, 1860, Can.
Nat. & Geo., vol. 5, Anticosti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
irregularis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
lineata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. lined,
striated.]
lineopora, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. lined with
perforations.]
nodosa, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. full of
knots.]
striatopora, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. striated
co ml 1
strigosa, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. thin,
meagre.]
varipora, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. cells vary-
ing in size.]
Hemitrypa, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss. of
Cornwall, Devon, and West Somerset.
[Ety. hemitrypa, half-foramen.]
dubia, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
prima, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. first.]
BRYOZOA.
Heterodictya, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 2, n. s. [Ety. Iieteros, irregular;
dictyon, a net.] The correct ortho-
graphy is Heterodictyon.
gigantea, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag., vol.
2, Low. Carb. [Sig. large, gigantic]
Hippothoa, Lamouroux, 1821, Expos, method.
inflata, see Alecto inflata.
Hornera, Lamouroux, 1821, Expos, method.
des genres de l'Ordre des Pol. [Ety.
proper name.]
dichotomy Hall,' 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. divided into two;
forked.]
Ichthyoraciiis, McCoy, 1844, Carb. Foss.
Ireland. [Ety. ichthys, a fish ; rachu,
a backbone.]
nereis, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
Intricaria, Defrance, 1823, Dictionnaire des
Sciences Naturelles. [Ety. intrico, to
entangle.]
reticulata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton & Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. net-
worked.]
Lichen alia, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Sig. from resemblance to a marine
lichen.]
concentrica, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. concentrically
wrinkled.]
concentrica var. parvula, Hall, 1876, 28th
Reg. Rep. N.Y., Niag. Gr. [Sig. small.]
Lyropora, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Assoc. Ad.
Sci., vol. 10. [Ety. lyra, a lute ; pora,
a pore.]
lyra, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass. Ad. Sci.,
vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. a lute.]
quincuncialis, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass.
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
in the form of a quincunx ; an oblique
arrangement.]
retrorsa, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.Sur.
111., vol. 3, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
turned back.]
subquadrans, Hall, 1857, Proc. Am. Ass.
Ad. Sci., vol. 10, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
somewhat square.]
Paleschara, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.
[Sig. ancient Eschara.~\
aspera, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. rough.]
bifoliata, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. two-leaved.]
incrustans, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. incrusting other
objects.]
maculata, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. spotted.]
offula, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. a small piece.]
sphserion, Hall, 1876. 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little ball.]
Ph^nopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. phaino, to open or make a
window; poros, a pore.]
constellata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. starred.]
ensiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Ety. like a sword.]
expansa, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. spread
out.]
explanata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
multipora, Hall, 1851, Geo. Lake Sup.
Land. Dist,. vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
having many pores.]
Phyllopora, King, 1849, Ann. Nat. Hist.,
2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. phyllon, a leaf ;
poros, a pore.]
ehrenbergi, Geinitz, 1846, (Gorgonia
ehrenbergi) Grundriss, Permian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Polypora, McCoy, 1845, Carb. Foss. Ireland.
[Ety. polys, many ; poros, a pore.]
biarmica, (?) Keyserling, 1846, Russia
and the Ural Mts., Geinitz referred a
form from the Coal Meas. to this
species, and Prout referred a form
from the Chester Gr. to it. [Sig.
strong-jointed.]
elegans, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
gracilis, Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. slender.]
halliana. Prout, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hamiltonensis, Prout, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
imbricata, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig. imbri-
incepta, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. incipient.]
intermedia, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. inter-
mediate.]
lilia, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mexicana, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
(?) psyche, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 2, Devonian. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pulchella, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
rigida, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
shumardi, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
stragula, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Carb. [Sig. outward covering or gar-
ment.]
submarginata, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat like P.
marginata.] This species was referred
by Geinitz to P. marginata of McCoy,
tenella, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. Lond.
n. s., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
delicate.]
100
BRYOZOA.
tuberculata, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. tubercu-
lated.]
tuberculata, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. This
name was preoccupied by Prout in
1859.
varsoviensis, Prout, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Ptilodictya, Lonsdale, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. ptilon, a wing ; dictyon, a
net.] The correct orthography is
Ptilodictyon.
acuminata, James, 1876, Int. Catal. Cin.
Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
alcyone, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
arctipora, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. having narrow
pores.]
arguta, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. very dis-
tinct.]
canadensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
carbonaria, see Stictopora carbonaria.
cosciniformis, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
n. s., vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. resembling
Coscinium.]
dictyota, Meek, 1872, Hayden'sGeo. Rep.,
Low. Carb. [Sig. net-worked.]
emacerata, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. thin, lean.]
excellens, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. excellent.]
explicam, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.
Not defined,
falciformis, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. sword-shaped.]
fenestelliformis, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. from re-
semblance to Fenestella.}
flagellum, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. a small whip.]
fragilis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. frail.]
gladiola, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. sword-
grass.]
libana, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
meeki, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag., n. s.,
vol. 1, Corniferous &Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
multiramis, Safford. Not defined,
nitidula, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. neat.
pavonia, see Monticulipora pavonia.
rustica, Billings, 1865, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. rough.]
sereata, see Stictopora sereata.
sulcata, Billings, 1 866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. , Anticosti Gr. [Sig. furrowed . ]
superba, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. superb.]
Symmetrel, Safford. Not defined,
tarda, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. thick.]
tenera, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. tender.]
Ptilopora, McCoy, 1844, Syn. Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. ptilon, a plume ; poros,
a pore.]
prouti, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, War-
saw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Retepoka, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans.
Vert. [Ety. reie, a net; poros, a pore.]
angulata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. angular.]
antiqua, as identified by d'Archiac & Ver-
neuil. Not American.
archimedes, Lesueur, see Archimedes,
asperato-striata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. rough and
striated.]
clintoni, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3d
Dist. N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
diffusa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. diffused, extended.]
fenestrata, Hall, 1850, 3d Reg. Rep., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. having open windows.]
foliacea, Hall, 1847. This name Prof.
Hall says may be erased from the list
of
ivs
ils.
gracilis, see Fenestella gracilis,
hamiltonensis, Prout, 1866, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
incepta, see Fenestella incepta.
perantiqua, Hall, 1847, (Gorgonia (?) per-
antiqua) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. very ancient.]
phillipsi, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag., n.
s., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
trentonensis, Nicholson, 1875, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 2, n. s., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Rhinopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. rhine, a file ; poros, a pore. ]
Better orthography would be Rkini-
pora.
frondosa, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. branchy.]
tuberculosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. abounding in tuber-
cles.]
tubulosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. abounding in
tubes 1
verrucosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. covered with wart-
like projections.]
Sagenella, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. sagenella, a little
drag net.]
elegans, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
membranacea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. membrane-like.]
BRYOZOA.
101
Semicoscinium, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci. [Sig. somewhat like fossils
of the genus Coscinium.]
eriense, Prout, I860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
rhomboideum, Prout, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
rhomboidal.]
tuberculatum, Prout, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
tuberculated.]
Septopora, Prout, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci. [Ety. septum, partition or
division ; para, a pore.]
cestriensis, Prout, 1850, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Stictopoka, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. stictos, spotted or punctured ;
poros, a pore.]
acuta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. sharp.]
carbonaria, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. from the
Coal Measures.]
crassa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clin-
ton Gr, [Sig. thick.]
elegantula, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. quite elegant.]
fenestrata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol
1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. open, having
windows.]
gilberti, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci
Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
glomerate, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. confused, out of
order.]
labyrinthica, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol
1, Birdseye Gr. [Sig. intricate.]
lichenoides. Meek, 1873, Pal. Ohio, vol
1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. resembling
a Lichen.']
magna, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Pal. Ohio,
vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. great, large.]
punctipora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. punctus, a puncture ;
pora, a pore.]
ramosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. branching.]
raripora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol, 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. cells distant.]
serrate, Meek, 1875, Pal. Ohio, vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. serrated.]
shafferi, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
similis, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. similar.]
sulcata, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
variabilis, Prout, 1866, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Sil. [Sig. variable,
not always the same.]
Synocladia, King, 1849, Trans. Geol. Soc.
Lond., 2d Ser., vol. 3. [Ety. syn. to-
gether; Mados, a young branch.]
biserialis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. in
allusion to the two rows of cellules ]
T^niopora, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Ma<"
Lond., n. s., vol. 1. [Ety. tainia, a rif>
bon; poros, a pore.]
exigua, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag. Lond.,
n. s., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig. little,
small.]
penniformis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.
Lond. n. s., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
resembling a feather.]
Thamniscus, King, 1849, Perm. Foss. [Ety.
thamniskos, a little shrub.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Trematopora, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. trema, a hole ; poros, a pore.]
aspera, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. rough.]
coalescens, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. uniting together.]
constricta, Hall, 1874, 26th R<?g Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
corticosa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like thick bark.]
densa, Hall, 1874. 26th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. thick, close.]
dichotoma, Hall, 1852, (Diamesopora
dichotoma) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2. Niagara
Gr. [Sig. dividing into two.] >
echinata, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. set with spines.]
fragilis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. frail.]
granulifera, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bearing granules.]
The same species is marked " n. sp."
in 28th Reg. Rep., probably by mis-
take,
infrequens, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. not frequent.]
maculosa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. spotted.]
minute, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. very small.]
osculum, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. pretty mouth.]
ostiolata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having small open-
ings.]
ponderosa, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. heavy.]
punctata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. dotted.]
regularis, Hall. 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. in allusion to
the regular arrangement of the cells.]
rhombifera, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. rhomb-bearing.]
signatus, Hall, 1874, 26th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. marked.]
solida, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. solid.]
sparsa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. scattered.]
spinulosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of little spines.]
102
BRYOZOA.
spinulosa, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. The name was preoccupied.
Possibly the species are identical.
striata, Hall, 1852, Pal. X. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. striated.]
superba, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
splendid.]
tuberculosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of tubercles.]
tubulosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. full of tubes.]
varia, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. different; from the variable
cell mouths.]
variolata, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. from the distant and
variable cell mouths.]
vesiculosa, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. full of
vesicles.]
CLASS BRACHIOPODA
FAMILY CALCEOLID.E.— Calceola.
FAMILY CRANIID^E. — Crania, Pholidops, Pseudocrania, Schizocrania.
FAMILY DISCTNID.E.— Discina, Trematis.
FAMILY KONINCKIID.E.— Koninckia.
FAMILY LINGULIDyE.— Kutorgina, Leptobolus, Lingula, Lingulella, Lingulepis, Lin-
gulops, Obolus, Obolella.
FAMILY ORBICULID.E.— Acrotreta, Iphidea, Orbicula.
FAMILY ORTHID.E.— .Egilops, Meekella, Orthis, Orthisina, Skenidium, Tropidoleptus,
Vitulina.
FAMILY PENTAMERID.E.-— Amphigenia, Anastrophia, Camarella, Camarophoria,
Gypidula, Pentamerella, Pentamerus, Stricklandinia.
FAMILY PORAMBONITID.E.— Porambonites.
FAMILY PRODUCTIVE.— Aulosteges, Chonetes, Productella, Productus, Strophalosia.
FAMILY RHYNCHONELLID.E.— Acambona, Eatonia, Leiorhynchus, Rhynchonella,
Stenoschisma.
FAMILY SPIRIFERID.E. — Ambocoelia, Athyris, Atrypa, Camarium, Cryptonella,
Cyrtia, Cyrtina, Eichwaldia, Martinia, Merista, Meristella, Meristina, Nucleospira,
Pentagonia, Retzia, Rhynchospira, Spirifera, Spiriferina, Syntrielasma, Syringo-
tbyris, Trematospira, Trigonotreta, Waldheimia, Zygospira.
FAMILY STROPHOMENLILE. — Leptsena, Streptorhynchus, Strophodonta, Stro-
pbomena.
FAMILY TEREBRATULID^:. — Centronella, Coelospira, Leptocoelia, Rensselseria,
Terebratula.
FAMILY TRIMERELLID.E,— Dinobolus, Monomerella, Trimerella.
Acambona, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9. [Ety. aka, a point ;
umbona, umbo.]
prima, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat,
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig. first.]
Acrotreta, Kutorga, 1848, Uber die Siphon-
otretse aus den Verhandlungen der
Kaiserlichen Mineralogischen Gesell-
scaft fur Jahr. [Ety. akros, the top or
summit; tretos, perforated.]
attenuata^ Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. drawn out.]
gemma, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. a young bud.]
pyxidicula, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Sig. a little box.]
subsidua, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. sinking down.]
^Egilops, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep. [Ety.
segibps, an acorn.]
subcarinata, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat keeled.]
Ambocoslia, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. ambon, umbo ; koUos, the belly.]
gemmula, syn. for Spirifera planoconvexa.
gregaria, see Amboccelia umbonata var.
gregaria.
minuta, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
very small.]
nucleus, syn. for Amboccelia umbonata.
pneumbona, Hall, 1857, (Orthis praeum-
bona) 10th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig*
very protuberant.]
mbumbona., see Spirifera, subumbona.
umbonata, Conrad, 1842, (Orthis Umbo-
nata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Marcellus shale & Ham. Gr. [Sig.
protuberant, bossed.]
umbonata var. gregaria, Hall, 1860, (Am-
boccelia gregaria) 13th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. in a common
flock.]
104
BRACHIOPODA.
Amphigenia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4.
[Ety. amphi, on both sides; genea,
growth.]
curta, Meek & Worthen, 1868,(Strickland-
inia elongata var. curta) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3, Oriskany sandstone. [Sig.
short.]
elongata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Pentamerus
elongata) Geo. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Scho-
harie grit & Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. elon-
gated.]
elongata var. undulata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 4, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. waved.]
elongata var. subtrigonalis, Hall, 1857,
(Meganteris subtrigonalis) 10th Reg.
Rep., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
triangular.]
Anastrophia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4.
[Ety. ana, with ; strophe, a turning
round; the relation of the valves is
the reverse of that of Pentamerus.]
interplicata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa interpli-
cata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. from the interplications.]
reversa, Billings, 1857, (Pentamerus re-
versus) Rep. of Prog. Mid. Sil. [Sig.
reversed; the dorsal valve being
largest.]
verneuili, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Anomia, Linnseus, 1767, Syst. Nat., 12th Ed.
[Ety. anomios, unequal.]
biloba, see Orthis biloba.
pecten, see Strophomena pecten.
reticularis, see Atrypa reticularis.
Anomites, Wahlenberg, 1821, Act., Upsal.
exporrectus, see Cyrtia exporrecta.
glaber, see Spirifera glabra.
punctatm, see Productus punctatus.
resupinatus, see Orthis resupinatus.
reticularis, see Atrypa reticularis.
rhomboidalis,- see Strophomena rhomboi-
dalis.
scabriculus, see Productus scabriculus.
semireticulatus, see Productus semireticu-
latus.
Athvris, McCoy, 1844, Carb. Foss. Ireland.
[Ety. a, without ; thuris, a small door ;
in allusion to the absence of a deltidi-
um or door. But the name is erro-
neous.]
americana, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
angelica, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
.argentea, Shepard, 1838, Am. Jour. Sci.,
Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to
silver.]
biloba, Winchell, 1865, (Spirigera biloba)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. double-lobed.]
caput-serpen tis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. caput, head; serpens, a, serpent.]
charitonensis, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera
charitonensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
chloe, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., vol. 5.
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
clara, syn. for Meristella nasuta.
clintonensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
cora, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham. &
Chemung Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
corpulenta, Winchell, 1863, (Spirigera
corpulenta) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. corpulent.]
crassicardinalis, AVhite, 1860, Bost. Jour.
Nat. Hist,, vol. 8, Waverly Gr. [Sig.
thick on the hinge.]
eborea, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. made
of ivory.]
euzona, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. beauti-
fully girdled.]
differentis, McChesnev, I860, New Pal.
Foss., Carb. [Sig. different.]
formosa, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. beauti-
ful.]
fultonensis, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera
fultonensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hannibalensis, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera
hannibalensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hawni, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera hawnii)
Trans. St. Louis Aca<J. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
headi, see Zygospira headi.
headi var. anticmtiensis, see Zygospira
headi var. anticostiensis,
headi var borealis, see Zygospira headi var.
boreal is.
hirsuta, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. rough, prickly.]
incrassata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. thickened.]
jacksoni, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera jack-
soni) Trans^St. Louis Acad. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
julia, see Meristella julia.
junia, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lamellosa, Leveille, 1835, (Spirifer lamel-
losus) Mem. Geol. Soc. France, Wav-
erly Gr. [Sig. in very thin plates.]
lara, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic,
Anticosti Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
maconensis, Swallow, 18 60, (Spirigera
maconensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
maia, see Spirifera maia.
minima, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera min-
ima) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. the least.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera
missouriensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
BRACHIOPODA.
105
mmouriemU, Winchell, I860, (Spirigera
mi8Souriensis) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Lithographic limestone. This name
was preoccupied,
monticola, White, 1874, (Spirigera mon-
ticola) Rep. Invert. Foss., Low. Carb.
[Sig. inhabiting a mountain.]
papilioniformis, McChesney, 1865, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Chester "Gr. [Sig. re-
sembling a butterfly.]
parvirostris, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. little-beaked.]
pectinifera, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
comb-bearing.]
ohioensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
orbicularis, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. orbicular.]
planosulcata, Phillips, 1836, Geol. York.,
vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. plain-fur-
rowed.]
plattensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
polita, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa polita) Geo.
4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
prinstana, see Meristella prinstana.
prouti, Swallow, 1860, (Spirigera Proutii)
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
reflexa, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. turned
back.]
singletoni, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
solitaria, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. alone, sol-
itary.]
spiriferoides, Eaton, 1831, (Terebratula
spiriferoides) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 21,
Cornif. & Ham. Gr. [Sig. resembling
a Spirifera.]
sublamellosa, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. somewhat like
A. iameUosa.]
subquadrata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. somewhat
squared.]
subtilita, Hall, 1852, Stansbury's Exped.
to Great Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig.
fine, thin.]
tumida, Dalman, 1827, (Atrypa tumida)
Niagara Gr. [Sig. tumid, swollen out.]
The fossil usually referred to this
species is Meristella maria.
tumidula, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. diminutive
of tumidus; from its resemblance to
A. tumida and smaller size.]
umbonata, see Meristella umbonata.
vittata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Cornif.
& Ham. Gr. [Sig. banded.]
turgida, Shaler, 1865, Bulletin No. 4, M.
C. Z., Anticosti Gr. [Sig. swollen,
inflated.]
Atrypa, Dalman, 1827, Vet. Acad. [Ety.
a, without; trypa, a hole or perfora-
tion. It was supposed the shells had
no foramen under the beak. The
name is erroneous.]
actiiiplicata, see Leptoccelia acutiplicata.
acutirostra, see Rhynchonella acutirostra.
aequiradiata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
equal-rayed.]
sequiradiata, see Rhynchonella aequira-
diata.
affinis, syn. for Atrypa reticularis.
aUUis, see Rhynchonella altilis.
ambigua, see Camarella ambigua.
aprinis, see Rhynchonella aprinis.
arata, see Pentemerella arata.
aspera, Schlotheim, 1813, (Terebratula
aspera) Petrefactenkunde, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. rough.]
aspera var. occidentalis, Hall, 1858, Geo.
Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. western.]
bidens, see Rhynchonella bidens.
bimlcata, see Camarella bisulcata.
borealis, Schlotheim, as identified by
d'Archiac & Verneuil. Not American.
brevirostris, as identified by Hall. See
Pentamerus brevirostris and Anastro-
phia verneuili.
camura, see Trematospira camura.
capax, see Rhynchonella capax.
camdea, as identified by d'Archiac &
Verneuil. Not American,
chemungensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
circulus, see Camarella circulus.
concinna, see Nucleospira concinna.
comis, see Pentamerus comis.
concentrica, syn. for Athyris spiriferoides.
congesta, see Camarella congesta.
congregate,, see Stenoschisma congregata.
conlracta, see Stenoschisma contracte.
corallifera, see Eichwaldia corallifera.
crassirostra, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. crassus, thick ;
rostra, heak.]
crentdata, see Terebratula crenulata.
cuboides, as identified by Hall and others,
see Rhynchonella venustula.
cuneata, see Rhynchonella cuneata.
cuspidata, see Camarella cuspidata.
cyhndrica, see Meristella cylindrica.
deflecta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. bent or turned
aside.]
dentata, see Rhynchonella dentate.
disparilis, see Coelospira disparilis.
dubia, see Rhynchonella dubia.
dumosa, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep., 4th Dist.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. bushy.]
duplicata, see Stenoschisma duplicate.
dongata, syn. for Rensseleeria ovoidee.
cmaccrata, see Rhynchonella emacerate.
106
BRACHIOPODA.
exigua, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. small.]
eximia, see Stenoschisma eximia.
extans, see Camarella extans.
flabella, syn. for Leptocoelia hemispherica.
flabellites, see Leptocoelia fiabellites.
galeata, see Pentamerus galeatus.
gibbosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. gibbous, tumid.]
globuliformis, see Leiorhynchus globuli-
formis.
Jiemiplicata, see Camarella hemiplieata.
hemispherica, see Leptocoelia hemispher-
ica.
hirsuta, see Trematospira hirsuta.
hystrix, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. covered
with spines.]
impressa, Hall, 1857, 10th Peg. Pep.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. impressed.]
impressa, Shaler. The name was preoc-
cupied.
increbescens, syn. for Rhynchonella capax.
inflata, Conrad, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
N. Y., Catskill Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
intermedia, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
interplicata, see Anastrophia interplicata.
lasevis, see Merista laevis.
lamellata, see Rhynchonella lamellata.
latkosta, Phillips, 1841, (Terebratula lati-
costa) Pal. Foss. Devonian. [Sig.
wide-ribbed.] This species is not
clearly identified in America.
lentiformis, syn. for Atrypa reticularis.
limilaris, see Leiorhynchus limitaris.
marginalis (?), Dalman, 1827, (Terebra-
tula marginalis) Vet. Acad., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. bordered.]
medialis, see Eatonia medialis.
mesacostalis, see Leiorhynchus mesacos-
talis.
modesta, see Zygospira modesta.
nasuta, see Meristella nasuta.
naviformis, Hall, 1843, Geo. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. resembling a
boat.]
neglecta, see Rhynchonella neglecta.
niiida, see Meristina nitida.
nitida var. oblata, see Meristina nitida var.
oblata.
nodostriata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. rough and
striated.]
nucleolata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Ety. nucleus, a
kernel; latus, wide.]
nucleus, see Camarella nucleus,
oblata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina Gr. [Sig. oblate.]
obtusiplicata, see Rhynchonella obtusipli-
cata.
octocostata, see Pentamerella arata.
peculiaris, see Eatonia peculiaris.
planoconvexa, see Leptocoelia planocon-
■ vexa.
plebeia, Conrad, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
' N. Y., Ham. Gr. Preoccupied name.
pleiopleura, see Rhynchonella pleiopleura.
plena, see Rhynchonella plena.
plicata, see Rhynchonella plicata.
plicatella (?), see Rhynchonella plicatella.
plicatula, see Rhynchonella plicatula.
plicifera, see Rhynchonella plicifera.
poliia, see Athyris polita.
prisca, syn. for Atrypa reticularis.
pseudomarginalis, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg.
Rep., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. false-
. • marginecl.]
quadricostata, Hall, 1843, see Rhyncho-
nella quadricostata.
quadricostata, Hall, 1852, see Rhyncho-
nella quadricostata.
rectiplicata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
straight-plicated.]
recurvirostra, see Rhynchonella recurvi-
rostra.
reticularis, Linnaeus, 1767, (Anomia reti-
cularis) Syst. Nat., ed. 12. It occurs
with its varieties in all the Groups of
the Upper Silurian and Devonian
formations except the Oriskany sand-
stone. Some of its varieties or syn-
onyms are Atrypa affinis, A. lenti-
formis, A. prisca, A. tribulis, Hippari-
onyx consimilaris, etc. [Sig. reticu-
lated.]
robusta, see Rhynchonella robusta.
rostrata, see Meristella rostrata.
rugosa, see Rhynchonella rugosa.
scitula, see Meristella scitula.
semiplicata, see Rhynchonella semiplicata.
singularis, see Eatonia singularis.
soi-dida, see Rhynchonella sordida.
spinosa, Hall, 1843, Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Cornif., Ham., Tully & Chemung Gr.
Equal to Atrypa aspera var. occiden-
talis.
subcuboides, D'Orbigny, see Rhynchonella
venustula.
subtrigonalis, see Rhynchonella subtrigon-
ahs.
sulcata, see Merista sulcata.
tenuilineata, Hall, 1843, Geo. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety. tenuis,
fine ; lineatus, lined.]
tribidis, syn. for Atrypa reticularis.
iumida, see Athyris tumida.
unguiformis, syn. for Orthis hipparionyx.
unisulcata, see Meristella unisulcata.
Aulosteges, Helmerson, 1847, Bull, de la
Classe Physi. Math. Acad. Sci. St.
Petersburg. [Ety. aulos, a tube;
stege, a chamber.]
guadalupensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
spondyliformis, White & St. John, 1868,
Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. vertebra-formed.]
Brachymerus,. Shaler. The name was pre-
occupied for a genus of Coleoptera.
See Anastrophia.
BRACHIOPQDA.
107
Brachyprion geniculatum, see Strophomena
geniculate.
leda, see Strophomena leda.
ventricosum, see Strophomena ventricosa.
Calceola, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. des Anim.
sans. Vert. [Ety. calceola, a slipper.]
americana, Safford, syn. for C. tennes-
seensis.
plicata, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Held. Gr. [Ety. from the plications
toward the aperture.]
sandalina, Lamarck, as identified by
Troost, see C. tennesseensis.
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1852, Lethse.Geog-
nost., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Camarella, Billings, August, 1859, Can. Nat
& Geol., vol.4. [Ety. kamara, arching
chamber; eUa, diminutive.]
ambigua, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa ambigua)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
doubtful.]
antiquata, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very ancient.]
bisulcata, Emmons, 1842, (Orthis bisul-
cata) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. double-furrowed.]
breviplicata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. short-plicated.]
calcifera, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 6, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. from the Cal-
ciferous Group.]
circulus, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa circulus)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
circular.]
congesta, Conrad, 1842, (Atrypa congesta)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Clinton
Gr. [Sig. a heap.]
costata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
cuspidata, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa cuspidata)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
pointed.]
extans, Emmons, 1842, (Atrypa extans)
Geo. Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
standing out.]
hemiplicata, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa hemi-
plicata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. half-plicated.]
lenticularis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. len-
ticular.]
longirostra, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. long-
beaked.]
nucleus, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa nucleus)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
ops, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Mid.
Sil. [Ely. mythological name.]
ortoni, Meek, 1872, (Dicraniscus ortoni)
Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 4, Clin-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
panderi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Black Riv. Gt. [Ety.
proper name.]
parva, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. small.]
polita, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
reverm, see Anastrophia reversa.
varia-ns, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. variable.]
volborthi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Camarium, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3.
[Ety. kamara, arching septum.]
elongatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. elongated.]
typum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. type of the
genus.]
Cajierophoria, King, 1844, Ann: & Mag.
Nat. Hist., vol. 14. [Ety. kamara, an
arched chamber ; phoreo, I carry.]
bisulcata, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. double
furrowed.]
eucharis, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. graceful.]
globulina, Phillips, 1844, as identified by
Geinitz, is Rhynchonella uta.
schlotheimi, Von Buch, 1834, (Terebra-
tulitesschlotheimi) Ueber Terebratel.,
Permian Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This is the type of the genus,
subtrigona, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
(Rhynchonella subtrigona) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. somewhat three-cornered.]
swalloviana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Centroxella, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4. [Ety. a little point.]
allii, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
alveata, Hall, 1857, (Rhynchonella al-
veata) 10th Reg. Rep., Onondaga Gr.
[Sig. channeled.]
anna, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
billingsiana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
glansfagea, Hall, 1857, (Rhynchonella
glansfagea) 10th Reg. Rep., Schoharie
grit, Cornif. Gr. and Oriskany sand-
stone. [Ety. glans, an acorn ; fagea,
beech tree.]
glaucia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hecate, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour. vol. 6,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
impressa, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. impressed.] Prof.
Billings says this is a syn. for C. hecate.
julia, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 14, Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ovata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
108
BRACHIOPODA.
CharioneUa, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour. Ind.
Sci. and Art. Prof. Hall regards this
name as a syn. for Meristella.
circe, syn. for Meristella seitula.
doris, see Meristella doris.
(?) hyale, see Meristella hyale.
Chonktes, Fischer, 1837, G-ryckt. Moscou.
[Ety. chone, a little cup. J
acutiradiata, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena
acutiradiata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. sharp-radiated.]
antiope, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Devonian. [Ety. mythological
name.] «
arcuata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,Cornif.
Gr. [Sig. bent.]
armata, DeKoninck, the specimens re-
ferred to this species belong to C.
pusilla.]
canadensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
carinata, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
carinata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. carinated.]
" Reg. Kep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. smoothed.]
complanata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
cornuta, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena cor
nuta) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. horned.]
dawsoni, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
deflecta, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. bent down.]
emmetensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
fischen, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
flemingi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Permian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
geniculata, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
bent, geniculated.]
gibbosa, syn. for C. deflecta.
glabra, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
glabra, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas.
The name was preoccupied,
granulifera, Owen, 1852, Geo.' Rep. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Coal Meas. [Sig.
granule-bearing. ]
hemispherica, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit and Cornif. Gr. [Sig.
hemispherical.]
illinoisensis, Worthen, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Wis. and Minn., Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
koninckiana, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Devonian.
[Ety. proper* name.]
laticosta, syn. for C. mucronata.
lepida, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep. Mar-
cellus shale & Ham. Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
lineata, Conrad, 183 9, ( Strophomena
lineata) Ann. Geo. Rep. N. Y., Cor-
nif erous Gr. [Sig. lined.]
littoni, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
logani, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
logani var. aurora, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 4, Tully limestone & Ham. Gr.
[Sig. the morning.]
maclurii, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
martini, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
melonica, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. a small melon.]
mesoloba, Norwood & Pratten, 185 4,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Sig. middle-lobed.]
michiganensis, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
millepunctata, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Sig. many-dotted.]
minima, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. least.]
mucronata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Cornif erous & Ham. Gr.
[Sig. sharp-pointed.]
mucronata, Meek & Hayden, 1858, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. This
name was preoccupied, moreover it
is a syn. for C. granulifera.
multicosta, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. many-
ribbed.]
muricata, Hall,' 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. like the shell
Murex.]
nova-scotica, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
ornata, Shumard, 1855, Geo. of Mo., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. ornamented.]
parva, Shumard, 1855, Geo. of Mo., Coal
Meas. [Sig. small.]
permiana, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
planumbona, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. smooth on the umbo.]
platynota, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Low. Carb. [Ety. platys, broad;
notos, ridge.]
pulchella, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. beauti-
ful.]
pusilla, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. very small.]
seitula, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
BRACHIOPODA.
109
setigera, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena seti
gera) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,Ham
& Chemung Gr. [Sig. having bristles."
shumardiana, DeKoninck, 1847, Recher
ches sur les Anim. Foss., Low. Carb
[Ety. proper name.]
smithi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Coal Meas,
[Ety. proper name.]
syrtalis, syn. for C. carinata.
tenuistriata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. fine-lined.]
tuomeyi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
variolata, DeKoninck, 1847, Recher.
Anim. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. spotted
with pimples.]
verneuiliana, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
yandelliana, Hall, 1857,10th Reg. Rep.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ccelospira, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4. [Ety. kailos, hollow ; spira, a
spire.]
concava, Hall, 1859, (Leptoccelia concava)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. concave.]
dichotoma, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. dividing
into two.]
disparilis, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa disparilis)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
different, unequal.]
Crania, Retzius, 1781, Schriften der Berliner
Gesellschaft Naturforschende Freund.
[Ety. kranicm, the upper part of a
skull.]
acadiensis, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
aurora, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. Scho-
harie Grit. [Sig. morning.]
bella, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
passage beds between Upper Sil. &
Devonian. [Sig. beautiful.]
bordeni, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Reg., De-
vonian. [Ety. proper name.]
corrugata, Hall, 1843, (Orbicula corru-
gatus) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. corrugated.]
crenistriata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. convex-lined.]
deformata, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula deform-
ata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr.
[Sig. deformed.] Is it a Crania ?
dyeri, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
excentrica, Emmons, 1856, (Orbicula ex-
centrica) Am. Geol., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
. from the center.]
famelica, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. famished.]
gregaria, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. occurring in flocks.]
hamiltonise, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. LEty. proper name.]
Mia, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
leoni. Hall, I860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
modesta, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. not
large, modest.]
multipunctata, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci.,vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
many-dotted.]
permiana, Shumard, 185 9, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
prima, Owen, 1852, (Orbicula prima) Geo.
Sur. Iowa, Wis. & Minn., Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. first.]
quadricostata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Orbicula
quadricostata) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N.
Y., Genessee slate. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
radicans, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. rooting;
in allusion to the spines on the exte-
rior.]
reposita, White, 1866, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
remote, distant.]
reticularis, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. ret-
iculated.]
scabiosa, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. scabby.]
setifera. Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bearing bristles.]
setigera, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. having bristles.]
sheldoni, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
siluriana, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
tenuilamellata, Hall, 1852, (Orbicula ten-
uilamellata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. having very thin plates.]
This species is also classed with the
Discina.
trentonensis, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
truncata, Emmons, 1856, (Orbicula trun-
cata) Am. Geol., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
truncated.]
Cryptonella, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.
[Sig. a little cavity.] Prof. Billings
regarded this as a synonym for Chari-
onella.]
calvini, Hall, 1870, 23rd Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
eudora, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iphis, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4, Cor-
niferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
lens, see Terebratula lens.
UnckUeni, see Terebratula lincklaeni.
planirostra, Hall, 1860, (Terebratula
planirostra) 13th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. smooth-beaked.]
110
BRACHIOPODA.
rectirostra, Hall, 1860, (Terebratula reeti-
rostra) 13th Reg. Rep. Ham. Gr. [Sig.
straight-beaked.]
Cyetia, Dalman, 1827, Kongl. Vet. Acad.
Handl. [E t y . kyrtia, a fishing
basket.]
acutirostris, see Cyrtina acutirostris.
biplicata, see Cyrtina biplicata.
curvilineata, see Cyrtina curvilineata.
dalmani, see Cyrtina dalmani.
exporrecta, Wahlenberg, 1821, Nova.
Acta. Regise. Soc. Sci., vol. 8, Niagara
Gr., as identified by Hall in 24th Reg.
Rep. [Sig. smooth, without wrinkles.]
exporrecta var. arrecta, Niagara Gr., as
identified by Hall in 24th Reg. Rep.
[Sig. erected, steep.]
hamiltonensis, see Cyrtina hamiltonensis.
rnissouriemis, see Cyrtina missouriensis.
myrtea, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
occidentalis, see Cyrtina occidentalis.
rostrata, see Cyrtina rostrata.
triquetra, see Cyrtina triquetra.
umbonata, see Cyrtina umbonata.
Cyrtina, Davidson, 1858, Monog. Brit. Carb.
Brach. [Ety. the dimniutive of Cyrtia
is Cyrtidium, but the author said he
preferred bad Greek to a long name.]
acutirostris, Shumard, 1855, (Cyrtia
acutirostris) Geo. Rep. Mo., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. sharp-beaked.]
affinis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. near to.]
billingsi, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
biplicata, Hall, 1857, (Cyrtia biplicata)
10th Reg. Rep., Schoharie grit and
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. double-plicated.]
crassa, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. thick.]
curvilineata, White, 1865, (Cyrtia curvi-
lineata) Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 9, Ham. Gr. [Sig. having bent
lines.]
dalmani, Hall, 1857, (Cyrtia dalmani)
10th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
proper name.]
hamiltonensis, Hall, 1857, (Cyrtia hamil-
tonensis) 10th Reg. Rep., Schoharie
grit, Cornif. and Ham. Gr. [Ety.
from the Hamilton group.]
hamiltonensis var. recta, Hall, 1867, Pal.
N. Y.,vol. 4, Ham. Gr. [Sig. straight.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, (Cyrtia mis-
souriensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
occidentalis, Swallow, 1860, (Cyrtia occi-
dentalis) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. western.]
panda, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bent downwards.]
pyramidalis, Hall, 1852, (Spirifer pyra-
midalis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. pointed like a pyramid.]
rostrata, Hall, 1857, (Cyrtia rostrata) 10th
Reg. Rep., Oriskany sandstone. [Sig.
beaked.]
triquetra, Hall, 1858, (Cyrtia triquetra)
Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a triangle.]
umbonata, Hall, 1858, (Cyrtia umbonata)
Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. protuberant, bossed.]
Delthyris, Dalman, 1827, syn. for Spirifera.
acanthoptera, syn. for Spirifera disjuncta.
acuminata, Conrad, see Spirifera acumi-
nata.
acuminata, Hall, syn. for Spirifera mesa-
costalis.
acutilirata, see Orthis acutilirata.
arenosa, see Spirifera arenosa.
audacula, see Spirifera audacula.
bialveata, see Spirifera bialveata.
bilobata, see Orthis bilobata.
brachynota, see Spirifera brachynota.
chemungensis, syn. for Spirifera disjuncta.
congesta,. see Spirifera congesta.
cuspidata, syn. for Spirifera disjuncta.
decemplicata, see Spirifera decern plicata.
deltoidea, syn. for Orthis lynx.
disjuncta, see Spirifera disjuncta.
duodenaria, see Spirifera duodenaria.
duplicata, see Spirifera duplicata.
euruteines, see Spirifera euruteines.
expansa, see Pterotheca expansa.
jimbriata, see Spirifera fimbriata.
granulifera, see Spirifera granulifera.
granulosa, see Spirifera granulosa.
inermis, see Spirifera disjuncta.
Isevis, see Spirifera kevis.
macronota, see Spirifera macronota.
macropleura, see Spirifera macropleura.
medialis, see Spirifera medialis.
mesacostalis, see Spirifera mesacostalis.
mesastrialis, see Spirifera mesastrialis.
microptera, syn. for Orthis lynx.
mucronata, see Spirifera mucronata.
niagarensis, see Spirifera niagarensis.
pachyoptera, see Spirifera pachyoptera.
perlata, see Spirifera disjuncta.
prolata, see Spirifera prolata.
prora, see Spirifera prora.
radiatus, see Spirifera radiata.
raricosta., see Spirifera raricosta.
rugatina, see Spirifera rugatina.
sculptilis, see Spirifera sculptilis.
staminea, see Spirifera staminea.
triloba, see Spirifera triloba.
undulatus, see Spirifera undulata.
varica, see Orthis varica.
ziezac, see Spirifera ziczac.
Dicraniscus, Meek, syn. for Camarella.
ortoni, see Camarella ortoni.
Dinobolus, Hall, March, 1871, notes on
Brachiopoda. [Ety. dis, twice ; Obolus,
a genus of shells.]
canadensis, Billings, 1857, (Obolus cana-
densis) Rep. of Progr. Can. Sur., Black
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
conradi, Hall, 1868, (Obolus conradi) 20th
Reg. Rep. N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
galtensis, Billings, 1872, (Obolellina galt-
ensis) Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
BRACHIOPODA.
Ill
magnificus, Billings, 18 72, (Obolellina
magnifica) Canadian Naturalist, vol.
7, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. magnificent.]
Discina, Lamarck, 1819, Hist. Nat. Anim.
sans. Vert. [ Ety. discus, a flat round
plate ; the termination inns, imply-
ing resemblance.]
acadica, Hartt, 18(58, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
alleghania, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ampla, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. full sized.]
Proposed instead of D. grandis of Hall,
capax, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
capacious.]
caputiformis, syn. for D. nitida.
circe, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.] See remarks on D. lamellosa.
conradi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
convexa, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. convex.]
discus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. a quoit.]
doria, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
elmira, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gallaheri, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
grandis, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Cornif. & Ham. Gr. [Sig.
great.]
grandis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
The name was preoccupied. See D.
ampla.
humilis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Marcellus slate & Ham. Gr. [Sig.
dwarfish.]
inutilis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Pots-
dam Gr. [Sig. trifling.]
lamellosa, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula lamellosa).
The name was preoccupied by Brod-
erick in 1833. Billings has described
it as D. circe.
lodensis, Vanuxem, 1842, (Orbicula lo-
densis) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
Genessee slate. [Ety. proper name.]
media, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
and Chemung Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
minuta, Hall, 1843, (Orbicula minuta)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Marcellus
shale. [Sig. very small.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. Syn. for
D. nitida.
neglecta, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
newberryi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nitida, Phillips, 1836, (Orbicula nitida)
Geo. of York., Coal Meas. [Sig. neat,
smooth.]
patellaris, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. a small
plate.]
pelopea, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pleuritis, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. from pleuron, the
side.]
randalli, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
seneca, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
subtrigonalis, McChesney, 1865, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat triangular.]
tenuilamellata, Hall, 1852, (Orbicula ten-
uilamellata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. having very thin plates.]
tenuilamellata, var. subplana, Hall, 1860,
Can. Nat. and Geol., vol. 5, Up. Sil.
[Sig. somewhat smooth.]
trigonalis, syn. for D. subtrigonalis.
truncata, Hall, 1862, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. and Genessee slate.
[Sig. truncated.]
tullia, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Tully
limestone. [Ety. proper name.]
vanuxemi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Eatonia, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., [Ety.
proper name.]
eminens, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. eminent, stand-
ing out.]
medialis, Vanuxem, 1843, (Atrypa medi-
alis) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Low.
Held. Gf. [Sig. middle.]
peculiaris, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa peculi-
aris) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Oriskany and
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. peculiar.]
pumila, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. a dwarf or
pigmy.]
singularis, Vanuxem, 1843, (Atrypa sin-
gularis) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. singular.]
sinuata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. marked
with depressions.]
whitfieldi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
Eichwaldia, Billings, 1858, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. proper name.]
anticostiensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
concinna, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
coralifera, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa coralifera)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. Prof.
Davidson regards this shell as identi-
cal with E. Capewelli, which was de-
scribed in 1848, in Bull. Soc. Geol.
France, vol. 3. [Sig. coral-bearing.]
gibbosa, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
112
BRACHIOPODA.
reticulata, Hall, 1862, (Rhynchonella (?)
reticulata) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. reticulated.]
subtrigonalis, Billings, 1858, Rep. of Prog.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat three-
cornered.]
Gonioccelia, syn. for Pentagonia.
Gypidula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4.
[Ety. gyps, vulture ; in allusion to the
strongly incurved beak.]
laeviuscula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Devonian. [Sig. slightly smooth.]
obsolescent, see Pentamerella obsolescens.
occidentalis, Hall, 1858, (Pentamerus oc-
cidentalis) Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1, pt.
2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. western.]
Hemipronites, Pander, 1830. This name, never
having been defined, has been super-
seded by Streptorhynchus, if the two
names refer to the same form.
Hipparionyx, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. 3rd Dist.
N. Y. [Sig. colts hoof.] Syn. for Or-
this. The genus was founded on a
cast.
comimilis, Vanuxem, syn. for Atrypa ret-
icularis.
proximm, syn. for Orthis hipparionyx.
similaris, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Oriskany sandstone. [Sig.
similar.]
Iphidea, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2.
[Ety. proper name.]
bella, Billings, '1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
labradoricus, Billings, 1861, (Obolus lab-
radoricus) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sculptilis, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Quebec Gr. [Sig. carved.]
Koninckia, Suess, 1853. MS. published by
Woodward, 1854, in Manual of Mol-
lusca. [Ety. proper name.]
americana, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
Kutobgina, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. proper name.]
cingulata, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss, vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. encircled with
lines.]
Lkioehynchus, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. leios, smooth ; rhynchos, a beak.]
dubius, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Marcellus shale. [Sig. doubtful.]
globuliformis, Vanuxem, 1842, (Atrypa
globuliformis) Geo., 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. in the form of a
globe.]
huronensis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo.
Lond., n. s., vol. 1, Ham. Gr.
proper name.]
iris, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kelloggi, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
limitaris, Vanuxem, 1842, (Orthis limi-
taris) Geo. 3rd Dist. N. Y., (Atrypa
limitaris, 4th Dist. N. Y.) Marcellus
Mag.
[Ety.
Che-
shale. [Ety. supposed to be limited
to, and to characterize, the Marcellus
shale.]
mesacostalis, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa
costalis) Geo. 4th Dist.
Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. middle-ribbed.]
multicosta, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. many-ribbed.]
mysia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Mar-
cellus shale. [Ety. proper name.]
newberryi, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
quadricostatus, Vanuxem, 1842, (Orthis
quadricostata) Geo. 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
Genessee slate. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
sesquiplicatus, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a pli-
cation and a half.]
sinuatus, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
Lept^na, Dalman, 1827, Kongl. Vet. Acad.
Handl. [Ety. leptos, thin.]
alternata, see Strophomena alternata.
alternistriata, see Strophomena alternis-
triata.
analoga, see Strophomena analoga.
aspera, James, syn. for L. sericea.
bipartite, see Strophomena bipartita.
earner ata, see Strophomena camerata.
concava, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. concave.]
decipiens, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
deflecta, see Streptorhynchus deflecta.
deltoidea, see Strophomena deltoidea.
depressa, see Strophomena depressa.
fasciata, see Strophomena fasciata.
filitexta, see Strophomena filitexta.
frugaria, syn. for Prod uctella subaculeata.
incrassata, see Strophomena incrassata.
indenta, see Strophodonta indenta.
laticosta, syn. for Tropidoleptus carinatus.
membranacea, see Productella hirsuta.
mesacosta, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Trenton Gr. [Sig. middle-
ribbed.]
nasuta, see Strophomena nasuta.
nucleata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Or-
iskany sandstone. [Sig. kerneled.]
obscura, see Strophomena obscura.
orthididea, see Strophomena orthididea.
planoconvexa, see Streptorhynchus plano-
convexa.
planumbona, see Streptorhynchus plan-
umbona.
plicifera, see Strophomena plicifera.
profunda, see Strophodonta profunda.
punctulifera, see Strophodonta punctuli-
fera.
quadrilatera, syn. for Strophomena rhom-
boidalis.
recta, see Streptorhynchus recta.
rugosa, see Strophomena rugosa.
semiovalis, syn. for L. sericea.
sericea, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Trenton to Clinton Gr. [Sig. silky.]
sordida, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. paltry.]
BRACHIOPODA.
113
subtenta, see Streptorhynchus subtentus.
tenuilineata, see Strophomena tenuiline-
ata.
tenuistriata, see Strophomena tenuistriata.
transversalis, Dalman, 1827, Vet. Acad.
Handl., Anticosti Gr. [Sig. crosswise.]
trilobata, see Strophomena trilobata.
Lbptobolub, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet. [Sig.
minute Obolus.]
insignis, Hall, Pamphlet, Utica slate.
[Sitr. marked naturally.]
lepis, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. a scale.]
occidentalis, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. western.]
Leptocxklia, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., and
1859, 12th Reg. Rep. [Ety. leptos, min-
ute ; koilia, belly ; in allusion to the
shallow visceral cavity.]
acutiplicata, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa acuti-
plicata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. sharply-plicated.]
concava, see Ccelospira concava.
dichotoma, see Coelospira dichotoma.
disparills, see Coelospira disparilis.
fimbriate, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. fringed.]
flabellites, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa flabel-
lites) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Oriskany
sandstone. [Sig. a fan.]
hemispherica, Sowerby, 1839, (Atrypa
hemispherica) Murch. Sil. Syst., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. hemispherical.]
imbricata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. imbricating lamellae
of growth.]
intermedia, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. intermediate.]
planoconvexa, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa piano-
con vexa) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr.
[Ety. planus, level ; convexus, convex.]
propria, syn. for Leptoccelia flabellites.
Lingula, Bruguiere, 1792, Encyc. Meth.
[Ety. lingula, a little tongue.]
acuminata, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam and Calcif. Gr. [Sig.
terminating sharply.]
acutirostra, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. sharp-
aequalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. equal.]
alveata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. channeled.]
ampla, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis., Iowa
and Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. full-
sized.]
antiqua, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
antiquata, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
artemus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Passage beds between Up. Sil. and
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
attenuata, Sowerby. The fossil referred
by Hall to this species, is described by
Billings under the name of L. Daphne.
aurora, see Lingulella aurora.
15
belli, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
briseis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 4,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
canadensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
carbonaria, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
pertaining to the Coal Measures.]
centrilineata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. the central
line from beak to base.]
ceryx, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. a herald.]
clintoni, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Syn. for L. oblonga"
cobourgensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
concentrica, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N.
Y, Genessee slate. [Sig. arranged in
concentric lines.]
covingtonensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
crassa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. thick.]
cuneata, Conrad, 1839, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Medina sandstone. [Sig. wedge-
shaped.]
curta, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Sig. short.]
cuyahoga, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Green shales, upper part of Chemung
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cyane, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
daphne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.] See L. attenuata.
delia, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., upper
part of Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
densa, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4, upper
part of Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick.]
desiderata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. longed for,
rare.]
elegantula, syn. for Lingula quadrata.
,-n'iptica, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y, Clinton Gr. The name was
preoccupied by Phillips in 1836.
clliptica, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol. The
name was preoccupied,
elongata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. elongated.]
exilis, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Mar-
cellus shale. [Sig. thin, fine.]
eva, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. Geo., vol. 6,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
forbesi, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss. vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. & Mid. Sil. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
halli, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
114
BRACHIOPODA.
huronensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety
proper name.]
insularis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. upon an
island.]
iole, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
irene, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iris, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kingstonensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lamellata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist,
N. Y., Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
composed of thin plates.]
leaena, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ligea, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., upper
part of Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ligea var. Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Portage Gr.
lucretia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Passage beds between Up. Sil. and
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
lyelli, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Calcif. & Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
maida, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
manni, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mantelli, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
manticula, White, 1864, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Sig. a small wal-
let.]
mathewi, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
Johns Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
melie, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
membranacea, Winchell, 1863, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 15, Low.
Carb. [Sig. like a membrane.]
minuta, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. very small.]
mosia, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Pots-
dam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
murrayi, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mytiloides, Sowerby, 1812, Min. Conch.,
Tab. 19, Coal Meas. [Sig. like the
Mytilus, or mussel shell.]
nebrascensis, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
norwoodi, James, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
nuda, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. naked.]
nympha, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
oblata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. oblate.]
oblonga, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. rather oblong.]
obtusa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
ovata, McCoy, 1844, Syn. Sil. Foss., Ire-
land. Not clearly identified in Amer-
ica,
paliformis, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. shovel-like.]
papillosa, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. covered with pim-
ples.]
perlata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very wide.]
perovata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. very ovate or nearly
round.]
perryi, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
philomela, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pinniformis, see Lingulepis pinniformis.
polita, see Obolella polita.
prima, see Lingulepis prima.
prima, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol. This
name was preoccupied,
progne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
punctata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. dotted.]
quadrata, Eichwald, 1829, Zool. Specialis.,
vol. 1, Trenton to Mid. Sil. [Ety. in
allusion to the somewhat four-sided
shape.]
quebecensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
redilatera, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. straight-sided.]
This name was preoccupied,
rectilateralis, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Utica slate. [Sig. straight-
sided.]
riciniformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. like a tike or tick.]
scotica, Davidson, 1860, Monogr. Scot.
Carb. Brach., Waverly Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
spathata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. spatula-shaped.]
spatiosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. large.]
spatulata, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd
and 4th Dist. N. Y., Genessee slate.
[Sig. spatula-shaped.]
subspatulata, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat spatula-shaped.]
trentonensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
umbonata, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. protuberant.]
BRACHIOPODA.
115
vanhorni, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
winona, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Pots-
dam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Lingulella, Salter, 1861, Mem. Geo., North
Wales. TEty. dinimutive of JAngula.]
(?) affinis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. near to.]
aurora, Hall, 1861, (Lingula aurora) Geo.
Rep. Wis., Potsdam sandstone. [Sig.
morning.]
cincinnatiensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
lamborni, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
(?) spissa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. thick.]
Lingulepis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. [Ety.
lingula, a little tongue; lepis, a scale.]
morsii, N. H. Winchell, 1876, (Lingula
morsensis) Geol. Fillmore Co., Minn.,
St. Peters sandstone. [Ety. proper
name — in honor of Mr. Morse.]
pinniformis, Owen, 1852, (Lingula pinni-
formis) Geo. Rep. Iowa, Wis. & Minn.
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. like the Pinna.]
prima, Conrad, 1847, (Lingula prima)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
first.]
Lingulops, Hall, 1871 notes on Brachiopoda.
[Ety. lingula, a genus of shells ; opsis,
appearance.]
whitfieldi, Hall, 1871, notes on Brachi-
opoda, Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
Maktinia, McCoy, 1844, syn. Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. proper name.]
athyroides, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
resembling an athyris.]
planoconvexa, syn. for Spirifera planocon-
vexa.
Meekella, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci. [Ety. proper name.]
striato-costata, Cox, 1857, (Plicatula stri-
ato-costata) Geo. Rep. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Ety. striatus, lined; costa-
tus, ribbed.]
Meganteris aequiradiata, see Rensseheria aequi-
radiata.
cumberlandise, see Rensseleeria cumber-
landiae.
elliptica, see Rensselaeria elliptica.
elongata, see Amphigenia elongata.
Isevis, see Rensseleeria lsevis.
mutabilis, see Rensselaeria mutabilis.
ovalis, see Rensselaeria ovalis.
ovoides, see Rensselaeria ovoides.
subtrigonalis, see Amphigenia elongata
var. subtrigonalis.
suessiana, see Rensselseria suessiana.
Merista, Suess, 1851, Jahrb. Geol. Reichs.
Austalt. [Ety. mews, a part.]
arcuata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bent or arched.]
barrisi, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Mar-
cell us shale. [Ety. proper name.]
bella, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
bisulcata, Vanuxem, 1843, (Atrypa bisul-
cata) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. double-depressed.]
doris, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Marcel-
lus shale. [Ety. mythological name.]
haskinsi, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
houghtoni, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
laevis, Vanuxem, 1843, (Atrypa lsevis)
Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
lata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Oris-
kany sandstone. [Sig. broad.]
lens, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin-
sula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a lentil,
here signifying a double convex Mer-
ista.]
meeki, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
princeps, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. primitive.]
subquadrata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
four-cornered.]
sulcata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Atrypa sulcata)
Geo. Rep. N. Y, Water Lime Gr.
[Sig. wavy.]
Meristella, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. diminutive of Merista.]
barrisi, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Mar-
cellus shale & Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cylindrica, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa cylin-
drica) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton &
Niagara Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
doris, 1860, Hall, 13th "Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie Grit & Coriiiferous Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
elissa, syn. for Meristella nasuta.
haskinsi, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
(?) hyale, Billings, 18 62, (Charionella
(?) hyale) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Guelph
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
julia, Billings, 1862, (Athyris julia) Pal.
Foss., vol. 1, Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
lenta, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Oris-
kany sandstone. [Sig. heavy.]
maria, see Meristina maria.
meta, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. having a conical form.]
multicosta, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. having many costse.]
nasuta, Conrad, 1840, (Atrypa nasuta)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Schoharie Grit, Up.
Held. Corniferous & Ham. Gr. [Sig.
having a prominent nose.]
prinstana, Billings, 1862, (Athyris prins-
tana) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Mid. Sil.
[Ety. proper name.]
116
BRACHIOPODA.
rostrata, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa rostrata)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
& Tully limestone. [Sig. beaked.]
scitula, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa scitula) Geo.
4th Dist. N. Y., Corniferous Gr. Prof.
Hall regards Charionella circe as a
syn. for this species. [Sig. pretty.]
umbonata, Billings, 1862, (Athyris urn-
bonata) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Mid. Sil.
XSig. protuberant.]
unisulcata, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa uni-
sulcata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held.
& Ham. Gr. [Sig. having one de-
pression.]
Meristina, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. Merista, a genus of shells ; inus,
implying resemblance.]
maria, Hall, 1863, (Meristella maria)
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nitida, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa nitida) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
nitida var. oblata, Hall, 1852, (Atrvpa
nidita var. oblata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. oblate.]
Monomerella, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 6. [Ety. monos, one ; meros,
apart; ella, diminutive termination.]
newberryi, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., voL 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
orbicularis, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat., vol.
6, Guelph Gr. [Sig. orbicular.]
prisca, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 6, Guelph Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
Nucleospira, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. nucleus, a kernel ; spira, aspire.]
barrisi, White, 1860, Bost. Jour. Nat.
Hist., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
concentrica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. concentrically
lined.]
concinna, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa concinna)
Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Hamilton Gr.
[Sig. handsome.]
elegans, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
pisiformis, Hall, 1859,(Ortbis pisum, 1851,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,) Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. from its resem-
blance to Spirifer pimm of Murchison.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. This species was first
described in 1856, in 9th Reg. Rep., as
Spirifer a ventricosa. [Sig. bulging out.]
Obolella, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. diminutive of Obolus, a small
Greek coin.]
cselata, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula c^elata) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
sculptured.]
chromatica, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. colored.]
cingulata, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. encircled with
lines.]
circe, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. and Geol.,
Potsdam . Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
crassa, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula crassa) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
desiderata, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. rare.]
desquamata, Hall, 1847, (Avicula desqua-
mata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. scaled off.]
gemma, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. a young bud.]
ida, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
miser, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Potsdam Gr. [Sig. paltry.]
nana, Meek & Hayden, 1861, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
dwarfish.]
nitida, Ford, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
3rd ser., vol. 5, Low. Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. neat.]
polita, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., (Lin-
gula polita) Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
pretiosa, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. valuable, precious.]
transversa, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. from the trans-
versely oval form.]
Obolellina, Billings, Dec, 1871, syn. for Din-
obolus.
canadensis, see Dinobolus canadensis.
galtensis, see Dinobolus galtensis.
magnifica, see Dinobolus magnificus.
Obolus, Eichwald, 1829, Zoologia Specialis,
vol. 1. [Ety. obolus, a small coin.]
canadensis, see Dinobolus canadensis.
conradi, see Dinobolus conradi.
galtemis, see Trimerella galtensis.
labradoricus, see Iphidea labradorica.
(?) murrayi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1," Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Orbicula, Cuvier, 1808, syn. for Crania.
cselata, see Obolella cselata,
cancellata, see Trematis cancellata.
corrugata, see Crania corrugata.
crassa, see Obolella crassa.
deformata, see Crania deformata.
excentrica, see Crania excentrica.
filosa, see Schizocrania filosa.
grandis, see Discina grandis.
larnellosa, see Discina lamellosa.
lodensis, see Discina lodensis.
minuta, see Discina minuta.
nitida, see Discina nitida.
prima, see Crania prima.
quadricoslata, see Crania quadricostata.
squamiformis, see Pholidops squamiformis.
subtruncata, see Pholidops subtruncatus.
, tenuilamellata, see Crania tenuilamellata.
terminalis, see Trematis terminalis.
truncata, see Crania truncata.
Orthis, Dalman, 1827, Kongl. Vet. Acad.
Handl. [Ety. orthos, straight, in allu-
sion to the straight hinge li ne.]
BRACHIOPODA.
117
acuminata, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
acutilirata, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris acut-
ilirata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. sharply ridged.]
sequivalvis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. equal- valved.]
zequivalva, Shaler. The name was pre-
occupied.
xquivalvis, Hall, 1857, syn. for Orthis eryna.
Moreover the name was preoccupied.
alata, Shaler. The name was preoccu-
pied,
alsus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie Grit. [Sig. cold. (?)]
anticostiensis, syn. for Orthis porcata.
apicalis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
arctostriata. Hall, I860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. closely striated.]
armanda, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
assimilis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very-like.]
aurelia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
barabuensis, Winched, 1864, Am. Jour.
j Sci. & Arts, 2nd ser., vol. 37, Potsdam
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
battis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
bellarugosa, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
*[Sig. beautifully wrinkled.]
bellula, James, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
biforata, Schlotheim, 1820, (Terebratu-
lites biforatus) Petrefact, Trenton
& Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. two-holed or
double-doored.]
billingsi, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
biloba, Linnaeus, 1749, (Anomia biloba)
Linne. Syst., Niagara Gr. [Sig. two-
lobed.]
bilobata, Conrad, 1838, (Delthyris bilo-
bata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. The name was preoccupied by
Sowerby.
bisulcata, see Camarella bisulcata.
borealis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
northern.]
carbonaria, Swallow, 1858, syn. for Orthis
pecosi.
carinata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage & Chemung Gr. [Sig.
keeled.]
carleyi, svn. for Orthis retrorsa.
centrilineata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. centrum,
center; lineatus, striated.]
circulus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. a circle.]
clarkensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cleobis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Onon-
daga limestone & Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
clytie, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
coloradoensis, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
coloradoensis, Meek, 1870, see 0. desmo-
pleura.
concinna, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. handsome.]
cooperensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
corinna, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [E«ty. mythological
name.]
costalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
costata, Hall, 1845. This name was pre-
occupied by Sowerby in 1839.
crassa, Meek, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. thick.]
crispata, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. curled.]
cumberlandia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
cuneata, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Devonian. [Sig.
wedge-shaped. ]
cyclas, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. of a round form.]
cyclus, syn. for Orthis multisecta.
cypha, syn. for Orthis crassa.
davidsoni, Verneuil, 1840, Bull. Geol.
Soc. France, vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Ety.
proper name.]
deflecta, see Streptorhynchus deflectus.
deformis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. deformed.]
delicatula, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. quite delicate.]
dentata, Pander, 1830, (Porambonites
dentatus) Bietr. Geogn. Russl., Trent.
and Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. toothed.]
desmopleura, Meek, 1870, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Silurian. [Ety. desmos, a band ;
pleura, the side.]
dichotoma, syn. for Orthis fissicosta.
discus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. a quoit.]
disparilis, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. different.]
dubia, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
electra, Billings. 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
elegantula, Dalman, 1827, Kongl. Yet.
Acad. Handl., Clinton & Niagara Gr.
[Sig. quite elegant.]
ella, Hall, 1861, 13th Reg. Rep., Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
emacerata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. made- lean.]
118
BRACHIOPODA.
emarginata, see Orthis oblata var. emargi-
nata.l
eminens, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. conspicuous.]
erratica, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. wandering.]
eryha, Hall, 1867, (Corrigenda, eryna)Pal.
x N. Y., vol. 4, Cornif. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.] Named instead of
0. sequivalvis in 10th Reg. Rep.
eudocia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
euryone, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
evadne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
fasciata, Hall* 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. striped.]
fissicosta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. having divided costse. ]
fissiplica, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna West
Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having di-
vided plications.]
flabellum, Hall, 1843. This name was pre-
occupied by Sowerby in 1839.
flava, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. yellow.]
gemmicula, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. a little bud.]
gibbosa, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. gibbous, tumid.]
hipparionyx, Vanuxem, 1843, (Hippa-
rionyx proximus) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
N. Y., Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. a
colt's hoof.]
hippolyte, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
hybrida, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a hybrid.]
idonea, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. suitable.]
imperator, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. chief.]
impressa, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. impressed.]
insequalis, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
insculpta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton & Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. engraved.]
insignis, see Skenidium insignis.
interlineata, Sowerby, see Orthis tioga.
interstrialis, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss., De-
vonian. [Sig. interstriated.] This
species is probably foreign to America,
iowensis, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iowensis var. furnarius, Hall, 1858, Geo.
of Iowa, Ham. Gr. [Sig. (?).]
iphigenia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
jamesi, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Cin'ti
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kankakensis, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
keokuk, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. .proper name.]
This species was referred to Orthis
umbraculum of DeKoninck by Owen.
lasalknsis, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss. Prof. Meek regards this as a
syn. for Streptorhynchus crassus.
laticosta, James, 1873, Pal. Ohio, vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. broad-ribbed.]
laurentina, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Geo.
Sur. Can., Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
lentieularis, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
3rd Dist. N. Y., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. len-
ticular.]
lentiformis, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
3rd Dist. N. Y, Cornif. Gr. [Sig.
lens-shaped.]
leonensis, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lepida, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
lepis, as identified by d'Archiac & Ver-
neuil. Not American,
leptamoides, Emmons. 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. in the form
of a Leptaena.]
leucosia, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.] '
limitaris, see Leiorhynchus limitaris.
livia, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour. Ind. Sci.
and Art, Cornif. Gr. [Ety. Roman
proper name.]
lucia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
lynx, Eichwald, 1830, (Terebratula lynx)
Nat. Kizze von Podol., Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. the name of
a quadruped of the genus Felis.}
maria, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. Maria, Mary a proper
name.]
macfarlani, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., vol. 1, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
media, Shaler, 1865, Bui. No. 4, M. C. Z.,
Anticosti Gr. This is probably only a
variety of 0. elegantula.
meeki, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.] A variety of O. testudinaria.
merope, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
michelini, (Terebratula michelini)
L'Eveille, 1835, Mem. Soc. Geol.
France, vol. 2, Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
michelini var. burlingtonensis, Hall, 1858,
Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
minna, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missourienm, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. This
name was preoccupied.
BRACHIOPODA.
119
mitis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. moderate.]
morrowensis, syn. for Orthis ella (?)
multisecta, James, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. having manv paths.]
multistriata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low Held. Gr. [Sig. many-striated.]
musculosa, Hall, 1857, Pal. Foss., Oris-
kanv sandstone. [Sig. full of muscles.]
mycale, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
" Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nisis, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nucleus, svn. for Amboccelia umbonata.
oblata, Hall, 1859, Pal. X. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. broader than long.]
oblata var. eniarginata, Hall, 1859, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
notched at the end.]
occasus, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. the west.]
occidentalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton to Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
western.]
orbicularis, Sowerbv, 1839, Murrh. Sil.
Syst., Up. Sil. [Sig. orbicular.]
orthambonites, Pander, as figured by
Murchison & Verneuil, 1845, Russia
and Ural mountains, Quebec Gr.
[Sig. straight-umbo.]
pecosi, Marcou, 1858, Geo. N. America,
Coal Meas. This species was subse-
quently described by Swallow under
the name of Orthis carbonaria. [Ety.
proper name.]
pecten, as identified by d'Archiac & Ver-
neuil. Not American.
pectinella, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. a
little comb.]
pectinella var. semiovalis, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
half-oval.]
peduncularis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. a little foot.]
peloris, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. Peloris, an existing
shell fish.]
penelope, Hall, 18 60, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Etv. mvthological name.]
pepina, Hall, 1863," 16th Reg. Rep., Pots-
dam Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
perelegans, Hall," 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very elegant.]
perversa, see Streptorhynchus perversus.
pervetus, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. very old.]
pigra, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. sluggish.]
pisnm, see Nucleospira pisiformis.
planoconvexa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. planus, level ;
convexus, convex.]
platys, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. broad.]
plicata, Vanuxem, see Spirifera vanuxemi.
plicatella, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a little
fold or plait.]
porcata, McCoy, 1846, Sil. Foss. of Ire-
land, Trenton, Hud. Riv. & Mid. Sil.
[Sig. ridged.]
porcia, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
prteumbona, see Ambocoelia prseumbona.
pratteni, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
prava, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. crooked.]
propinqua, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. related to.]
punctostriata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. punetus, pricked ;
striatus, striated.]
pyramidalis, see Skenidium pyramidalis.
quadricostata, see Leiorhynchus quadri-
costatus.
resupinata, Martin, 1809, Petref. Derb.
Carb. [Sig. upside down.]
resupinoides, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. like 0. resup-
inata.
retrorsa, Salter, 1858, Geo. Sur. of G. B.,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. turned
backwards.]
rhynchonelliformis, Shaler, 1865, Bui.
No. 4, M. C. Z., Anticosti Gr. [Sig.
like a shell of the genus Rhyncho-
nella.]
richmonda, syn. for Streptorhynchus cras-
sus.
robusta, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Coal Meas. [Sig. robust]
rugiplicata, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. wrinkled and pli-
edited 1
ruida, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. rough.]
semele, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Onon-
daga & Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
sinuata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. waved.]
sola, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. alone.]
solitaria, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. alone.]
stonensis, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton & Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ttriatiila, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.
This name was preoccupied by Schlot-
heim.
strophomenoides, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like
Strophomena.
subcarinata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
keeled.]
subsequata, Conrad, 1843, Proc Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 1, Chazy to Trenton Gr.
[Sig. somewhat equal.]
subjugata, syn. for Orthis occidentalis.
120
BRACHIOPODA.
suborbicularis, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat orbicular.]
subquadrata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton to Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat quadrate.]
subumbona, see Spirifera subumbona.
swallovi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Eep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tenuidens, Hall, 1852, Pal. X. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. slender-toothed.]
tenuistriata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. fine-
striated.]
testudinaria, Dalman, 1827, Vet. Acad.
Hand., Trenton & Hud. Riv.Gr. [Sig.
arched like a tortoise shell.]
thiemii, White, 1860, Jour. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 7, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
tioga, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, (O.
inter! ineata, Sow., Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y.) Portage & Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
tricenaria, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
of or belonging to thirty.]
trinucleus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. a triple-nut.]
triplicatella, Meek, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. having three plica-
tions in one-fold.
tritonia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
tubulostriata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having tube-
like striae.]
tulliensis, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Tully limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
uberi, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. abundant,
fruitful.]
umbonata, see Ambocoelia umbonata.
umbraculum, DeKoninck, see Orthis Keo-
kuk and Streptorhynchus umbracu-
lum.
unguiculus, Phillips, as identified by Hall
in 1843, see Ambocoelia umbonata var.
gregaria.
unguiformis, syn. for Orthis hipparionyx.
vanuxemi, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
vanuxemi, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. The name was
preoccupied.
vanca, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris varica)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. straddling.]
Ortiiisina, D'Orbigny, 1849. [Ety. orthis,
a genus of shells; inus, implying re-
sembling to.]
alternata, see Streptorhynchus perversus.
arcto8triata, see Streptorhynchus arctos-
triatus.
crassa, see Streptorhynchus crassus.
diversa, Shaler, syn. for Orthisina ver-
neuili.
festinata, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. hasty.]
grandseva, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. primeval.]
mmouriensis, Swallow, 1858. Syn. for
Meekella striato-costata.
occidentalis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
western.]
shumardiana, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
verneuili, Eichwald, as identified by
Billings, Trenton & Anticosti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Pentagonia, Cozzens, 1846, Ann. N. Y. Ly-
ceum, vol. 3. [Ety. pcnte, five; gonia,
an angle.]
peersi, Cozzens, 1846, Ann. N. Y. Lyce-
um, vol. 3, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Pentamerella, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4.
[Ety. diminutive of Pentamerus,']
arata, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa arata and
Atrypa octo-costata) Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Schoharie grit and Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. plowed, furrowed.]
dubia, Hall, 1860, (Spirifer dubius) 13th
Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
micula", Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a very small crumb.]
obsolescens, Hall, 18(57, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Devonian. [Sig. obsolete.]
papilionensis, Hall, 1858, (Pentamerus
papilionensis) Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol. 1,
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pentamerus, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1. [Ety. penta, five ; meros, apart-
ments.]
aratus, see Pentamerella arata.
arcuosus, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. arched, bent
over.]
barrandi, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
bisinuatus, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. baving two
depressions.]
borealis, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. northern.] This
name was preoccupied by Eichwald
in 1840.
brevirostris, Sowerby, 1839, (Terebratula
brevirostris) Murch. Sil. Syst., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. short-beaked.]
chicagoensis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
comis, Owen, 1852, (Atrypa comis) Geo.
Sur. Wis., Iowa and Minn., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. nice, delicate.]
crassiradiatus, McChesney,1861,New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. thick-rayed.]
elongatus, see Amphigenia elongata.
fornicatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. arched or vaulted
over.]
BRACHIOPODA.
121
galeatiformis, Meek & Worthen, syn. for
P. galeatus.
galeatus, Dalman, 1827, (Atrypa galeatus)
Vet. Acad. Handl., Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. helmet-shaped.]
intralineatus, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. marked
with lines on the inside.]
knappi, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
knighti, Sowerby, 1812, Min. Conch., vol.
1, Devonian. [Etv. proper name.]
littoni, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. & Niagara. Gr. LEty.
proper name.]
multicostatus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.
"Wis. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. many-
ribbed.]
nucleus, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. a kernel.]
nysius, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
There are two varieties, one having
coarse and the other finer radii.
These are designated P. nysius car.
eratsicostus and P. nysius var.tenuicostus.
oblongus, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
longer than broad.]
oblongus WW. cylindricus, Hall, 1872. 24th
Reg. Rep., Niag. Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
occidentalis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. western.]
u<xi(i''nt«lL% Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Ham. Gr. This name was preoccupied.
The species is now referred to the
genus Gypidula, bv the author.
ovalis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
jKipilionrnsis. see Pentamerella papilron-
ensis.
pergibbosus, Hall & "Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. very
gibbous.]
pseudogaleatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. false
galeatus.]
revenue, see Anastrophia reversa..
salinensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
similior, "Winchell & Marcy, 1865, (Spiri-
fera similior) Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., Niagara Gr. [Ety. from its re-
semblance to Spirifera bicontata.]
>ul>globosus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Sig. some-
what globose.]
trisinuatus, McChesney, 1861, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
marked with three depressions.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1861, Rep. Progr. Wis.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
verneuili. sec Anastrophia vcrneuili.
PnoLinops, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
[Etv. pholis, pholidos. a scale.]
arenaria, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. sandy.]
16
areolata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. divided into irregular
squares or angular spaces.]
cincinnatiensis, Hall, 1872, Pamphlet,
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hamiltonise, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
linguloides, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a LingvJa.]
oblata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y, vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. oblate.]
ovalis, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. oval.]
ovata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
squamiformis, Hall, 1843, (Orbicula
squamiformis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. in the form of
a scale.]
subtruncata, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula sub-
truncata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. somewhat shortened.]
tenninalis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. termin-
ating.]
trentonensis, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Platystrophia, syn. for Orthis.
regularis, syn. for Orthis lynx.
Plcctambonites area, syn. for Leptsena trans-
versalis.
glabra, syn. for Leptsena sericea.
tenera, syn. for Leptsena transversalis.
Plicatula, Lamarck, 1809.
striatocostata, see Meekella striatocostata.
Porambonites, Pander, 1830, Beitrage zur
Geog. des Russichen Reiches. [Ety.
poros, opening ; ambon, umbone.]
dentatus, see Orthis dentata.
ottawsensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Productella, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
[Sig. diminutive of Productus.]
arctirostrata, Hall, 1857, (Productus arcti-
rostratus) 10th Reg. Rep., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. narrow-beaked.]
bialveata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. double-chan-
neled.]
bovdi, Hall, 1857, (Productus bovdii)
*10th Reg. Rep., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
concentrica, Hall, 1857, (Productus con-
centricus) 10th Reg. Rep., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. concentrically lined.]
cqstatula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. small-ribbed.]
costatula rar. strigata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 4, Chemung Gr. [Sig. fur-
rowed.]
dumosa, Hall, 1861, (Productus dumosus)
14th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
bushy.]
eriensis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag., n.
s., vol. 1, Corn if. Gr, [Ety. proper
name.]
122
BRACHIOPODA.
exanthemata, Hall, 1857, (Produetus ex-
anthematus) 10th Reg. Rep., Hani.
Gr. [Sig. covered with eruptions.]
hirsuta, Hall, 1857, (Produetus hirsutus)
10th Reg. Rep., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
rough, hairy.]
hirsuta var. rectispina, Hall, 1867, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 4, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
straight-spined.]
hystricula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N, Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. somewhat cov-
ered with spines.]
lachrymosa, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
lachrymosa) Jour. Acad. Nat. 8ci.,
vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Sig. full of
tears.]
lachrymosa var. lima, Conrad, 1842,
(Strophomena lima) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
crooked or rough.]
laychrymosa var. stigmata, Hall, 1867, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 4, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
marked, branded.]
navicella, Hall, 1857, (Produetus navi-
cella) 10th Reg. Rep., Cornif. & Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a small boat.]
newberryi, Hall, 1857, (Produetus new-
berryi) 10th Reg. Rep., Chemung Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
onusta, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. filled.]
papulata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. pimpled.]
pyxidata, Hall, 1858, (Produetus pyxi-
datus) Geo. of Iowa, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
made like a box.]
rarispina, Hall, 1857, (Produetus raris-
pinus) 10th Reg. Rep., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. having few spines.]
shumardiana, Hall, 1858, (Produetus
shumardianus) Geo. Rep. of Iowa, vol.
1, pt. 2, Cornif. Gr., Marcellus shale,
Ham. Gr., Burlington and Tully lime-
stone. [Ety. proper name.]
speciosa, Hall, 1857, (Produetus specio-
sus) 10th Reg. Rep., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
spinulicosta, Hall, 1857, (Produetus spin-
ulicostus) 10th Reg. Rep., Marcellus
shales & Ham. Gr. [Sig. spined and
ribbed.]
striatula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. somewhat stri-
ated.]
subaculeata, Murchison, 1840, (Produetus
subaculeatus) Bui. Soc.Geo. de France,
vol. 5, Cornif. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
prickly.]
subalata, Hall, 1857, (Produetus subala-
tus) 10th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat winged.]
truncata, Hall, 1857, (Produetus trunca-
tus) 10th Reg. Rep., Marcellus shales
& Ham. Gr. [Sig. cut short]
tullia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Productus, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1. [Ety. productus, produced — so
named from one valve of the shell
being prolonged beyond the other,
and often to a great extent.]
sequicostatus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Coal Meas. [Sig. equal-ribbed.]
alternatus, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat, Sci., 2d series, vol. 3,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. alternating.]
altonensis, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 3,
Chester Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
americanus, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
arctirostratus, see Productella aretirostrata.
areuatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. arched, bent
over.]
asper, McChesney, syn. for P. nebrascen-
sis.
auriculatus, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
having ear-like appendages.]
biseriatus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. in double
rows or series.]
boonensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
boudi, see Productella boydi.
calhounianus. Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas.. [Ety.
proper name.] Prof. Meek regarded
this name as a synonym for P. semi-
reticulatus.
callawayensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
cancrini, as identified by Geinitz, is P.
pertenuis of Meek.
capaci, D'Orbigny, 1843, as identified by
early authors, is referred to P. longi-
spinus.
cestriensis, Worthen, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
clavus, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2nd series, vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Sig. club-shaped.]
comoides, as identified by d'Archiac &
Veneuil. Not American.
concentricus, see Productella concentrica.
confragosus, Harlan, 1835, Trans. Geo.
Soc. Penn., Carb. [Sig. rough, un-
even.]
cooperensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cora, d'Orbigny, 1842, Geol.Voy. Amer.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. mythological name.]
cora var. mogoyoni, Marcou, 1858, Geo.
N. Amer., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
coriformis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. like
Produetus cora.}
BRACHtOPOkA.
123
costatoides, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
resembling P. costatm.}
costatus, Sowerby, 1827, Min. Conch.
vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig. ribbed.] It
is doubtful whether this species has
been identified in America.]
curtirostratus, Winchell, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
short-beaked.]
delawari, Marcou, 1858, Geol. N. Arner.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
depressus, Sowerby, 1825, see Strophomena
depressa.
depressus, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
depressed.]
dissimilis, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. unlike, various.]
dolorosus, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
wretched.]
dumosus, see Productella dumosa.
duplicostatus, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. double-
plicated.]
eltgans, Norwood & Pratten, 1854. This
name was preoccupied, and the fossil
is now named P. cestriemis.
exanihematus, see Productella exanthem-
ata,
fasciculatus, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. bundled.]
fentonensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
flemingi, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1, Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
flemingi var. burlingtonensis, Hall, 1858,
Geo. Rep. Iowa, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
gracilis, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Cuyahoga shale. [Sig. slender.]
gradatus, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. made
with steps.]
hildrethianus, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2nd ser., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. , [Ety. proper name.]
hirsutus, see Productella hirsuta.
horridus, Geinitz, 1866. This name was
preoccupied; moreover Prof. Meek
regarded the fossil as P. hngispinus.
indianensis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
inflatus, syn. for P. semireticulatus.
ivesi, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col. Ex.
Exped., Mid. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
lasallensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
kevicostus, White, 1860, Bost. Jour. Nat.
Hist., Kinder hook Gr. [Sig. smooth-
ribbed.]
latissimus, Sowerby, 1822, Min. Conch.,
Carb. [Sig. very wide.]
longispinus, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. long-spined.]
lobatus, as identified by d'Archiac & Ver-
neuil. Not American,
magnicostatus, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
large-ribbed.]
magnus, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. large.]
marginicinctus, Prout, 1857, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
encircled with a depression near the
margin.]
mesialis, Hall, 185 8, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. middle-parted.]
mexicanus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
morbillianus, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr. [Sig. measly,
spotted.]
multistriatus, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. many-
lined.]
muricatus, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
Prof. Meek regarded this as a syn. for
P. longispinm. [Sig. full of sharp
points.]
natricella, see Productella navicella.
nebrascensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
nodosus, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col. Ex.
Exped. Carb. [Sig. knotty.]
norwoodi, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
occidentalis, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col.
Ex. Exped., Up. Carb. [Sig. western.]
orbignyanus, Geinitz, 1866. This nanio
was preoccupied by Sowerby in 1822.
ovatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, St.
Louis Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
parvulus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. very
small.]
parvus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr.
[Sig. small.]
pertenuis, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. very thin.]
phillipsi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, 2nd series,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
pUeiformis, syn. for Productus cora.
pileolus, Snumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
a little bonnet or cap.]
popii, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
portlockianus, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2nd series, vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
124
BRACHTOPODA.
prattenianus, Norwood, 1854, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd series, vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
punctatus, Martin, 1809, Petrif. Derb.,
Low. Carb. and Coal Meas. [Sig.
covered with points, dotted.]
pyxhdatus see Productella pyxidata.
rarispinus, see Productella rarispina.
rogersi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.] Prof. Meek regarded
this as a synonym for P. iiebrascensis.
scabriculus, (Conchyliolithus Anomites
scabriculus) Martin, 1809, Petrif.
Derb., Carb. [Sig. rough.]
scitulus, Meek & Worthen, 1860; Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
neat, pretty.] :
semipunctatus, Hildreth, 1838, syn. for
P. punctatus.
semireticulatus, Martin, 1809, {Conchyli-
olithus Anomites semireticulatus) Petrif.
Derb., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. half-like a
net or lattice work.]
semistriatus, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. half-striated.]
setigerus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. bearing bristles on
the back.]
setigerus var. keokuk, Hall, 1858, Geo.
Rep. Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
shumardianus, see Productella shumardi-
ana.
speciosus, see Productella speciosa.
spinulicostus, see Productella spinulicosta.
spinulosus, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1, Carb. [Sig. full of spines.]
splendens, Norwood & Pratten, 1854,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. splendid.] Prof.
Meek regarded this as a synonym for
P. longispinus.
subaculeatus, see Productella subaculeata.
subalatus, see Productella subalata.
symmetricus, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
symmetrical.]
tenuicostus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
St. Louis Gr. [Sig. slender- ribbed.]
tenuistriatus, Verneuil, 1845, Geol. Rus-
sia & Ural Mountains, Carb. [Sig.
fine-lined.]
truncatus, see Productella truncata.
tubulospinus, McChesney. Syn. for P.
punctatus.
viminalis, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. bearing twigs.]
vittatus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Keo-
kuk Gr. [Sig. bound in a fillet or
hair-lace.]
wabashensis, Norwood & Pratten, syn. for
P. longispinus.
nilberianus, McChesney, syn. for P. ne-
brascerms.
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pseuoocrania, McCoy, 1851, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. 8. [Ety.
pseudo, false ; Crania, a genus of shells.
anomala, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
Renssel^ria, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. proper name.]
sequiradiata, Conrad, 1842, ( A try pa
ajquiradiata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. equal-
rayed.]
conradi, McChesney, 1861, New Pal. Foss.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
cumberlandipe, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris
cumberlandiaj) 10th Reg. Rep., Oris-
kany sandstone. [Ety. proper name.]
elliptica, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris elliptica)
10th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
elliptical. ]
elongata, see Amphigenia elongata.
intermedia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. intermedi-
ate.]
johanni, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laevis, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris kevis) 10th
Peg. Pep., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
lievis, Meek, 1868. This name was pre-
occupied.
marylandica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
mutabilis, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris muta-
bilis) 10th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. changing, variable.]
ovalis, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris oval is)
10th Reg. Rep., Oriskanv sandstone.
[Sig. oval.]
ovoides, Eaton, 1832, (Terebratula ovoi-
des) Geo. Text-book, Oriskany sand-
stone. [Sig. ovoid.]
suessiana, Hall, 1857, (Meganteris sues-
siana) 10th Reg. Rep., Oriskany sand-
stone. [Ety. proper name.]
Retzia, King, 1850, Monograph of Permian
Foss. [Ety. proper name.]
altirostris, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
high-beaked.]
compressa, Meek, 1864, Pal. California,
Coal Meas. [Sig. compressed.]
eugenia, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marcyi, Shumard, 1854, (Terebratula
marcyi) -Marcy's Exp. Red Riv., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
meekiana, Shumard, 1858,Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
mormoni, Marcou, 1858, (Terebratula
mormonii) Geo. N. Amer., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.] This species was
subsequently, though in the same
year, described by Shumard under
the name R. punctilifera.
BRACHtO-PODA.
125
osagensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
papillata, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. v [Sig. pim-
pled.]
popiana, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
punclili fm (, Shumard, 185S, syn. for
Retzia mormoni.
poly pleura, Winehell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. many-
sided.]
gubgloboea, McChesney, syn. for Retzia
mormoni.
vera, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Kas-
kaskia Gr. [Sig. true, natural.]
vera var, costata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. ribhed.]
verneuiliana, Hall, 1856,Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Riiync jionella, Fischer, 1809, Mem. Soc.
Imp. Mosc. [Ety. rhynchos, a beak ;
eOa, little.]
abriipta, Hall, 1S59, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. terminating
abruptly.]
acadiensis," Davidson, 1863, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 19, Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
acinus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. a cherry stone.]
acutiplicata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having pli-
cations acutely angular.]
acutirostris, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa acuti-
rostra) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr.
[Sig. sharp-beaked.]
requivalvis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. equal- valved.]
sequiradiata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa sequira-
diata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. equal-rayed.]
algeri, McChesney, I860, New Pal. Foss.,
Carb. [Etv. proper name.]
altilis, Hall, 1847, (Atrvpa altilis) Pal.
N. V., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. fat,
fed.]
altiplicata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. high plications.]
cdveata, see Centronella alveata.
angulata, Linnseus, as identified by Gei
nitz, syn. for Syntrilasma hemipli
catum.
anticostiensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.
vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
aprinis, DeVerneuil, 1845, (Terebratula
aprinis) Geo. Russia & Ural Mts., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. like a pig's head (?).]
arctirostrata, Swallow, 18 6 3, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
narrow-beaked.]
argentea, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss,
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. glittering.]
argenturbica, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. from Silver
City.]
barquensis, Winehell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
barrandi, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Oris-
kany sandstone. [Ety. proper name.]
bialveata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Lower Held. G r . [Sig. double-
channeled.]
bidens, Hall, 1852. (Atrypa bidens) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. having
two teeth.]
bidentata, Hisinger, 1826, (Terebratula
bidentata) Vet. Acad. Hftndl., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. having two teeth.]
billingsi, see Stenoschisma billingsi.
boonensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
brevirostris, Sowerby, 1839, (Terebratula
brevirostris) Murch. Sil. Syst., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. short-beaked.] This
species is probably Pentamerus brevi-
rostris.
campbelliana, Hall, 1859, Pal. N.Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
camerifera, Winehell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. cham-
bered.]
capax, Conrad, 1842, (Atrvpa capax)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. large, capacious.]
caput-testudinis, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. like a turtle's head.]
carica, see Stenoschisma carica.
carbonaria, McChesney, I860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. from the Coal
Measures.]
Carolina, see Stenoschisma Carolina.
eastanea, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. a chestnut.]
congregata, see Stenoschisma congrega-
tum.
contractu, see Stenoschisma contractum.
cooperensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Chem. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
corinthia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. corinthian.]
cuboides, Sowerby, (Atrypa cuboides) see
R. venustula.
cuneata, Dalman, 1827, (Terebratula
cuneata) Vet. Acad. Handl., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. wedge-shaped.]
dawsoniana, Davidson, 1863, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 19, Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
dentata, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa dentata) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
having teeth.]
dotit, see Stenoschisma dotis.
dryope, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
"Devonian. [Ety. mythological name.]
dubia, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa dubia) Pal. N.
Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
duplicata, syn. for Stenoschisma contract-
urn.
126
BRACHIOPODA.
eatoniiformis, McChesney, 1860, New
Pal. Foss., Carb. [Ety. from a re-
semblance to Eatonia.]
emacerata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa emacerata)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
made lean.]
eminens, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. eminent, re-
markable.]
endlichi, Meek, 1876, U. S. Geo. Sur. of
Colorado, Up. Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
eva, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic., Anticosti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
evangelinft, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
excellens, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. excellent.]
eximia, see Stenoschisma eximium.
explanata, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Chester Gr. [Sig. made
plane or smooth.]
iitchiana, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,Oris-
kanv sandstone. [Ety. proper name.]
formosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
fringilla, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. a small bird.]
glacialis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. icy.]
glansfagea, see Centronella glansfagea.
grosvenori, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
guadalupse, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
heteropsis, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. of ir-
regular appearance.]
Ivorsfordi, see Stenoschisma horsfordi.
hubbardi, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
huronensis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ida, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low. Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
increbescens, syn. for Rhynchonella capax.
indentata, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
indented.]
indianensis, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
insequiplicata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. unequally pli-
cated.]
interplicata, Sowerby, 1839, (Terebratula
interplicata) Murch. Sil. Syst,, Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. interplicated.]
inutilis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. insignificant.]
janea, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
lacwnosa. Not an American species,
lamellata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa lamellataj
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Coralline limestone.
[Sig. having thin plates.]
laura, Billings, syn. for Leiorhynchus
multicostus.
macra, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. long.]
marshallensis, AVinchell, 1862, Proc.Acad.
Nut. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
metallica, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.Foss.,
Carb. [Sig. metallic]
mica, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss. Anti.,
Anticosti Gr. [Sig. a little crumb.]
micropleura, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. small-
ribbed.] (
missouriensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. of
Mo., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
multistriata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. many-
striated.]
inutabilis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. variable.]
mutata, Hall,' 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, AVarsaw Gr. [Sig. changing.]
neglecta, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
neglecta var. scobina, Meek, 1872, Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3rd series, vol. 4,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. a file.]
nobilis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. notable.]
nucleolata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like a small nut.]
nutrix, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic , Anticosti Gr. [Sig. the breast,
the pap.]
oblata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Oris-
kany sandstone. [Sig. oblate, broader
than long.]
obsolescens, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. old, obsolete.]
obtusiplicata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa obtusi-
plicata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. having obtuse plications.]
orbicularis, see Stenoschisma orbiculare.
orientalis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. eastern, in the
eastern provinces.]
osagensis, Swallow, 1858, syn. for Rhyn-
chonella uta.
ottumwa, AA T hite, 1862, Proc Bost. Soc
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
parvini, McChesney, syn. for Camero-
phoria subtrigona.
perrostellata, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
having a very little beak.]
persinuata, AVinchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. very
sinuate.]
pisum, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. a pea.]
BRACHIOPODA.
127
planoconvexa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. planus, level ;
convexus, convex.]
pleiopleura, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa pleio-
pleura) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Oriskany
sandstone. [Sig. wide-ribbed.]
plena, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa plena) Pal. X.
Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. full, large.]
plicata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa plicata) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Medina Gr. [Sis. plaited,
folded.]
plicatella, Hall, 1852, (Atrvpa plicatella)
Pal. X. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
baving small plications.]
plicatula, Hall, 18*, (Atrypa plicatula)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N, Y., Clinton
Gr. [Sig. having little plications.]
plicifera, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa plicifera)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
bearing plications.]
principalis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. principal,
chief.]
prolifica, see Stenoschisma prolificum.
pugnus, Martin, 1809, Petrif. Derb., Low.
Carb. [Sig. the fist,]
pustulosa, White, 1860, Bost. Jour. Nat.
Hist., vol. 7, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
pustulose.]
pyramidata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. made like a
pyramid.]
pyrrha, Billings, 18(56, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
quadricostata, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa quadri-
costata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist, X. Y.,
Genessee slate. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
quadricostata, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa quadri-
costata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr.
This name was preoccupied,
ramsayi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
recurvirostra, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa recur-
virostra) Pal. X. Y., vol. 1, Black Riv.
to Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. bent-beaked.]
reticulata, see Eichwaldia reticulata,
ricinula. Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a little tick.]
ringens, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. gaping,
having an open orifice.]
robusta, Hall, 1852, Pal. X. Y., vol. 2,
(Atrypa robusta) Clinton Gr. [Sig.
robust.]
royana, see Stenoschisma rovanum.
ri'dleyana, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.
Xot defined,
rudis, Hall, 1859, Pal. X. Y, vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. rude, not fashioned.]
rugosa, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa rugosa) Pal.
X. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
saffordi, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Held, Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sageriana, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Xat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sappho, see Stenoschisma sappho.
semiplicata, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa semi-
plica ta) Ann. Rep. X. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. half-folded.]
septata, Hall, 1859, Pal. X. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. divided by
septa or" partitions.]
sinuata, Hall, 1860, Can. Xat. & Geo., vol.
5, Up. Sil. [Sig. wavy.]
sordida, Hall, 1847, (Atrvpa sordida) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. des-
picable, paltry.]
speciosa, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Oris-
kany sandstone. [Sig. beautiful.]
stepliani, see Stenoschisma stephani.
subcircularis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. some-
what circular.]
subcuboides. Xot an American species.
subcuneata, Hall, 1856, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
wedge-shaped.]
subtrigona, see Camerophoria subtrigona.
subtrigonalis, Hall, 1847, (Atrypa subtri-
gonalis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. somewhat triangular.]
sulcoplicata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held.Gr. [Sig. grooved along
the center of the plications.]
tennesseensis, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna
West Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
tethys, see Stenoschisma tethys.
tetraptyx, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing four-folds.]
texiana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St, Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
thalia, see Stenoschisma billingsi.
transversa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. wider than
long.]
unica, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. single, alone.]
unisulcata, see Meristella unisulcata.
uta, Marcou, 1858, (Terebratula uta) Geo.
X. Amer., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.] This was subsequently de-
scribed by Swallow as R. osagensis.
vellicata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. pinched.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bulging out,
bellving.]
venustula, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Tally limestone. This was identified
by Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. 3rd Dist. X.
Y., as Atrypa aiboidex of Sowerby. [Sig.
somewhat fair, handsome or pretty.]
vicina, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. neighbor-
ing, near to.]
128
BRACHIOPODA.
warrenensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
wasatchensis, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Carb. [Etv. proper name.]
whitii, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
whilii, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This name was preoccupied.
■\\ilsoni, Sowerby, 1818, (Terebratula
wilsoni) Min. Conch., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Rhynchospira, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
[Ety. rhynchos,a beak; spira, a spire.]
deweyi, Hall, 1856, (Waldheimia deweyi)
9th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
evax, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. a word of joy, a
hurra.]
formosa, Hall, 1856, ( Waldheimia for-
mosa) 9th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
lepida, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. pretty.]
nobilis, see Trematospira nobilis.
rectirostra, see Trematospira rectirostra.
subglobosa, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. somewhat glob-
ular.]
sinuata, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Up.
Sil. [Sig. waved.]
Rhynobolus, Hall, 1871, syn. for Trimerella.
galtensis, Hall, see Trimerella galtensis.
Schizocrania, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2. [Ety. schiza, a cleft; Crania,
a genus of fossil brachiopods.]
filosa, Hall, 1847, (Orbicula (?) filosa) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Cin'ti and Utica Gr.
[Sig. thread-like, thready.]
Skenidium, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. [Ety.
a little tent]
halli, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined,
insignis, Hall, 1859, (Orthis insignis) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Sil. [Sig. distin-
guished.]
pyramidalis, Hall, 1852, (Orthis pyramid-
alis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. pyramidal.]
Spirifera, Sowerby, 1815, Min. Conch., vol.
2. [Ety. spira, a spire;, fero, to bear.]
acanthoptera Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris
acanthoptera) Jour. Acad. Nat, Sci.,
vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety. akantha,
a spine; pUron, a wing.]
acuminata, Conrad, 1839, (Delthyris
acuminata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Cornif.
and Ham. Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
acuticostata, DeKoninck, 1843, Desc. An.
Foss. Terr. Carb. Belg., Low. Oarb.
[Sig. sharj>-ribbed.]
agelaia, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo. Rep.,
Low. Carb. [Sig. belonging to a herd,
common.]
alta, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. high, noble.]
amara, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. brack-
ish, salt.]
angusta, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. narrow, short,]
annse, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
arata, syn. for S. granulifera.
archiaci, see S. disjtincta.
arctisegmenta, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having narrow
segments or ribs.]
arenosa, Conrad, 1839, (Delthyris are-
nosa) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Oriskany
sandstone. [Sig. sandy.]
arrecta, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. erect,
steep.
aspera, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. rough.]
audacula, Conrad, (Delthyris audacula)
1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. rather bold.]
bialveata, Conrad, (Delthvris bialveata)
1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. double-channeled.]
bicostata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Orthis bicos-
tatus) Geol. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. double-ribbed.]
bidorsalis, Winchell, 18 66, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. double-
backed.]
bifurcata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. bifurcated,
forked.]
biloba, Linnaeus, 1768, (Anomia biloba)
Syst. Nat., Niagara Gr. [Sig. two-
lobed.]
bimesialis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig: having
two middle parts.]
biplicata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
two-folded or plaited.]
boonensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
brachynota, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris
brachynota) Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y..
Clinton Gr. [Sig. short-ridged.]
calcarata, syn. for S. disjuncta.
camerata, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig. vaulted or
arched.]
camerata WW. kansasensis, Swallow, 1866,
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
camerata var. percrassa, Swallow, 1866,
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. very thick.] This
name was preoccupied as a species.
BRACHIOPODA.
129
capax, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol.
1, pt. 2, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. large,
capacious.]
carteri, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Wa-
verly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cedarensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
centronata, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Cuyahoga shale. [Sig.
having knots or points.]
clara, Swallow, 1853, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. remark-
able.]
clavatula, McChesney, 1861, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig. little
club.]
clintoni, syn. for S. granulifera.
clio, syn. for S. ziczac.
compacta, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. joined, compact.]
concinna, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. handsome.]
congesta, syn. for S. granulifera.
consors, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. com-
mon.]
contracta, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Geol.
Snr. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
contracted, gathered.]
cooperensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
corticosa, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. covered with thick
bark.]
crenistria, see Streptorhynchus crenistria.
crispa, Hisinger, 1826, (Terebratula
crispa) Act. Acad. Sci. Holm., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. curled.]
cumberlandire, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
cuspidata, Sowerby, 1812, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1, Devonian. [Sig. pointed.]
cycloptera, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. kuklos, a circle ;
pteron, a wing.]
cyrtiniformis, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the
genus Cyrtina.]
decemplicata, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris de-
cemplicata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having ten plica-
tions.]
disjuncta, Sowerby, 1840, Trans. Geo.
Soc, 2nd ser., vol. 5, Chemung Gr.
[Sig. divided.]
disparilis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
distans, syn. for S. disjuncta.
divaricate, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Cornif. & Ham. Gr. [Sig. straddling.]
dubia, see Pentamerella dubia.
duodenaria, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris duod-
enaria) Geol. 4th Dist. N. Y., Scho-
harie grit & Cornif. Gr. [Sig. twelve.]
duplicata, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris dupli-
cata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. double-plicated.]
eatoni, see S. medialis var. eatoni.
engelmanni, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
eudora, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Prog. Wis.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
euruteines, Owen, 1840, (Delthyris
euruteines) Report on Min. Lands,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. widely extended ;
from the long hinge line.]
euruteines var. fornacula, Hall, 1857, (S.
fornacula) 10th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. a little oven.]
exporrecta, see Cyrtia exporrecta.
exporrecta var. arrecta, see Cyrtia expor-
recta car. arrecta.
externa, syn. for S. disjuncta.
extenuate,, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. drawn out to
a thin edge.]
fasciger, Keyserling in Owen's report, see
Spirifera camerata.
fastigiata, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. pointed, peaked like a roof.]
filicosta, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. having
thread-like costse.]
fimbriate, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris fim-
briate) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Oriskany sandstone, Schoharie grit,
Cornif. and Ham. Gr. [Sig. fringed.]
forbesi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Burlington &
Chester Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
formosa, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
fornax, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a furnace.]
franklini, Meek, 1858, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
fultonensis, Worthen, 1873, Geol. Rep.
111., vol. 5, Low. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
gaspensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
gibbosa, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. gibbous,
tumid.]
gigantm, syn. for S. disjuncta.
glabra var". contracta, Meek & Worthen,
1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Chester
Gr. [Sig. contracted.]
glabra, Martin, 1809, (Anomites glabra)
Petrif. Derb., Low. Carb. [Sig.
smooth.]
glanscerasi, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., Ham. Gr. [Sig. mast of
the cherry tree.]
grandseva, syn. for S. disjuncta.
granulifera, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris gran-
ulifera) Geol. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. bearing granules.]
130
BRACHIOPODA.
granulosa, Conrad, 1839, (Delthyris gran-
ulosa) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. covered with small gran-
ules.]
gregaria, Clapp, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep. &
Can. Jour., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. oc-
curring in flocks or masses.]
grieri, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit & Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
grimesi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. of Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
guadalupensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hannibalensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
hemicyclus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Oriskany sandstone.
[Sig. a half circle.]
hemiplicata, see Syntrielasma hemiplica-
tum.
Jieteroclitus, syn. for S. granulifera.
hungerfordi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
huronensis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
imbrex, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. the gutter or roof
tile.]
incerta, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. uncertain,
doubtful.]
inconstans, syn. for Spirifera racinensis.
increbescens, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. abundant.]
increbescens var. americana, Swallow,
1866, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol.
2, Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
increbescens var. transversalis, Hall, 1858,
Geol. Rep. Iowa, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
transverse.]
insequicostata, Owen, 185 2, Geo. Rep.
Wis., Iowa & Min., Carb. [Sig. having
unequal costee or ribs.]
inornata, syn. for S. disjuncta.
insolita, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. unusual.]
intermedia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. interme-
diate.] This name was preoccupied
by Brongniart in 1829.
inutilis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, vol.
1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. insignificant.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa & Min., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
kelloggi, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
kennicotti, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kentuckiensis, see Spiriferina kentuckiensis.
kentuckiensis var. propatula, see Spiriferina
kentuckiensis var. propatula.
keokuk, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
keokuk var. shelbyensis, Swallow, 1866,
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 2,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laevigata, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
laevis, Hall, 1843, (Delthvris lsevis) Geol.
4th Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
lamellosa, see Athyris lamellosa.
laminosus, McCoy, as identified by Gein-
itz, is Spiriferina kentuckiensis.
lateralis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
AVarsaw Gr. [Sig. belonging to the
side.]
latior, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. wider.]
leidyi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 3,
Chester Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
leidyi var. chesterensis, Swallow, 1866,
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 2,
Chester Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
leidyi var. merrimacensis, Swallow, 1866,
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 2,
Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ligvji, syn. for S. pinnata.
lineatoides, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
like 8. lineatus.]
lineata, Martin, 1809, Petrif. Derb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. marked with lines.]
lineatus var. striato-lineatus, Swallow,
1866, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. striated and lined.]
littoni, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
logani, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. -Iowa, Keo-
kuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hnsdalii, svn. for S. disjuncta.
macra, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep. Scho-
harie grit & Cornif. Gr. [Sig. lean.]
macra, Meek. This name was preoc-
cupied,
macronota, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris macro-
nota) Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. long-sided.]
macropleura, Conrad, 1840, (Delthyris
macropleura) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. long-sided.]
macroptera, as identified by d'Archiac &
Verneuil, is S. mucronota.
macrothyris, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a long
foramen.]
maia, Billings, 1860, (Athyris maia) Can.
Jour. Ind. Sci. & Arts, Cornif. Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
manni, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Cornif.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marcyi, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marionensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
BRACHIOPODA.
131
medialis, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris medialis)
Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
middle.]
medialis var. eatoni, Hall, 1857, (Spirifer
eatoui) 10th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
meeki, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
meristoides, Meek, 1868, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. in the
form of a shell of the genus Merista.]
mesocostalis, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris mes-
ocostalis and D. acuminata) Geo. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing middle costee.]
mesostrialis, Hall, 1843, (Delthvris mes-
ostrialis) Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham.
and Chemung Gr. [Sig. having mid-
rneta, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. a pillar in the form of a
cone.]
meiisebachianus, syn.for Spirifera camerata.
mexicana, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
modesta, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. in allusion to
its small size.]
mucronata, Conrad, 1841, (Delthyris mu-
cronata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Marcellus
shale, Ham. Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
multutriata, see Trematospira multistriata.
mysticensLs, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
neglecta, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa.,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. overlooked, neg-
lected.]
niagarensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Sat. Sci., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
niagarensis var. oligoptycha, Roemer,
1860, Sil. Fauna West Tenn., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. oligos, few; ptyche, a fold.]
norwoodiana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
norwoodi, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
octocostata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having eight
costae or folds.]
octoplicata, Sowerby, 1827, as identified by
Hall, syn. for Spiriferina kentuckiensis.
opima, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Coal
Meas. [Sig. large.]
orestes, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
oregonensis, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
osagensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
oweni, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pachyptei'a, Goldfuss, as identified by
Conrad in 1839, (Delthyris pachyp-
tera). Not American,
parryana, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
peculiaris, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. peculiar, singu-
lar.]
perforata, see Trematospira perforata,
pinnata, Owen, 1852, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Iowa & Min., Ham. Gr. [Sig. winged.]
percrassa, McCoy, 1855, Brit. Pal. Rocks.,
Sil. Not satisfactorily identified in
America,
perextensa, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Carb. [Sig. very ex-
extended.]
(?) perforata, see Trematospira perforata,
perlamellosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
i 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having very
thin plates.]
perplexa, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. very perplex-
ing-]
pertenuis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. very slender.]
pharovicina, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. close by
the light house.]
pinonensis, Meek, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
planoconvexa, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Coal Meas. [Ety. planus, plane;
convexw, convex.]
plena, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. full, large.]
plicata, Vanuxem, 1843, see S. vanuxemi.
prematura, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. too early, ripe
before its time.]
prolata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Delthyris pro-
lata) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. prolonged.]
propinqua, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. related to; from
its resemblance to S. subcuspidata.]
prora, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris prora)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. the prow of a ship.]
protensa, syn. for S. disjuncta.
pseudolineata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. false-lined.]
pulchra, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. beautiful.]
pyramidalw, see Cyrtina pyramidalis.
pyxidata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. made like
a box.]
racinensis, McChesney, 1861, Pal. Foss.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
radiata, Sowerby, 1825, Min. Conch., vol.
5, Niagara Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
132
BRACHIOPODA.
raricosta, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris rari-
costa") Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Schoharie grit and Cornif. Gr. [Sig.
with few costse.]
resupinata, as identified by d'Arehiac &
Verneuil. Not American.
richardsoni, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi.
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
rockymontana, Marcou, 1858, Geo. N.
Amer., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
rostellata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Ke-
okuk Gr. [Sig. having a little beak.]
rostellum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little beak.]
rugicosta, Hall, I860, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
5, Up. Sil. [Sig. having furrowed or
wrinkled plaits or folds.]
rugatina, Conrad, 1842, (Delthyris ruga-
tina) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. having little folds.]
saffordi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
scobina, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. a rasp.]
sculptilis, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris sculptilis)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. carved or graven.]
segmentata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. made up of seg-
ments or pieces.]
semiplicata, Hall, I860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. half-plicated.]
setigera, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Kas-
kaskia Gr. [Sig. bristly.]
sillana, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Cuyahoga shale. [Ety. proper
name.]
similior, see Pentamerus similior.
solidirostris, AVhite, 1860, Bost. Jour. Nat.
Hist., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. solid-
beaked.]
spinosa, see Spiriferina spinosa.
staminea, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. made
of threads, thready.]
striatiformis, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Waverly Gr. [Sig. like 8. striata.]
striata, Martin, 1809, (Anomites striatus)
Petrif. Derb., Carb. [Sig. striated.]
striata var. triplicata, Marcou, 1858, Geol.
North America, Low. Carb. [Sig.
three-plicated.]
striatulus, as identified by d'Archiac &
Verneuil. Not American.
subsequalis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat equal.]
subattenuata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat attenu-
ated.]
subcardiformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
heart-shaped.]
subcuspidata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. somewhat-pointed.]
subelliptica, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat
elliptical.]
sublineata, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat stri-
ated.]
submucronata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. somewhat
sharp-pointed.]
submucr<mata,Y[&\\, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. This name
was preoccupied. See S. subattenuata.
suborbiculanis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. somewhat
orb-shaped.]
subrotundata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
somewhat rounded.]
subsulcata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. and
Geol., vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. somewhat
furrowed.] This name was preoccu-
pied by Dalman in 1828.
subumbonata, Hall, 1857, (Orthis sub-
urn bona) 10th Reg. Rep., (Ambocoelia
subumbona) 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. and Tully limestone. [Sig. some-
what protuberant.]
subundifera, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat wavy.]
subvaricosa, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep..
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
varicose.]
subventricosa, syn. S. opima.
sulcata, Hisinger, 1837, (Delthyris sul-
catus) Petrif. Suecica, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. furrowed.]
sulcifera, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. bearing
furrows.]
mperba, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. superb.] The name
was preoccupied by Eichwald in 1842.
tenuicostata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa.
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. slender-ribbed.]
tenuimarginata, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. thin-mar-
gined.]
tenuis, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. slender, thin.]
tenuistriata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having fine
radiating striae.]
tenuistriata, Shaler, 1865. The name was
preoccupied.
texana, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
texta. Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. woven.]
translata, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. trans-
ferred.]
transversa, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Chester Gr. " [Sig. transverse,
crosswise.]
tribulis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. one of the
same flock.]
BRACHIOPODA.
133
Iriplicala, svn. for Spirifera oamerata.
tullia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y.,vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
uiiditlata, Vanuxem, 1843, (Delthvris un-
dulatus) Geo. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Onon-
daga Gr. [Sig. undulating.] The
name was preoccupied.
unica, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. excellent, chief.]
vanuxemi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr., described as Orthis
plicata by Vanuxem in the Geo. Rep.
3rd Dist. N. Y., but that name was
preoccupied. [Etv. proper name.]
varicosa, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. varicose.]
ventricosa, see Nucleospira ventricosa.
veniista, syn. for .Spirifera divaricata.
vernonensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
verneuili, syn. for S. disjuncta.
whitneyi, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Ham. and Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ziczac, Hall, 1843, (Delthyris zigzag) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
slanting in straight lines from side to
side.]
Spiriferina, D'Orbigny, 1847, Consid. Zool.
et Geol. Sur. les Brachiopodes, Comp-
tes rendus des Sciences de l'Acade-
mie des Sciences. [Ety. Spirifera, a
genus of shells ; inus, implying resem-
blance.]
billingsi, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
binacuta, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr. [Ety. bis,
double; acutus, acute.]
clarksvillensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
kentuckiensis, Shumard, 1855, (Spirifera
kentuckiensis) Geo. Rep. Mo., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
kentuckiensis car. propatula, Swallow,
1866, (Spirifera kentuckiensis var. pro-
patula) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. open.]
spinosa, Norwood & Pratten, (Spirifera
spinosa) 1855, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 3, 2d series, Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
spiny.]
spinosa var. campestris, White, 1874, Rep.
Invert. Foss., Carb. [Sig. of or be-
longing to the plain fields, rustic]
subtexta, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. somewhat woven.]
Spirigera, syn. for Athyris.
americana, syn. for A. americana.
bihba, syn. for A. biloba.
caput-serpentis, syn. for A. caput-serpentis.
charUonensis, syn. for A. charitonensis.
etmUmenm, syn. for A. clintonensis.
coitcmtfira, syn. for A. spiriferoides.
corpvlmta, syn. for A. corpulenta.
ebarea, syn. for A. eborea.
euzana, syn. for A. euzona.
formoxa, syn. for A. formosa.
fnltoiunxix, syn. for A. fultonensis.
hatmihaierms, syn. for A. hannibalensis.
hcnom, syn. for A. hawni.
jacksoni, syn. for A. jacksoni.
maconensis, syn. for A. maconensis.
minima, syn. for A. minima.
missouriensis, syn. for A. missouriensis.
monticola, syn. for A. monticola.
obma.cima, syn. for A. obmaxinia.
ohioensis, syn. for A. ohioensis.
pectinifera, syn. for A. pectinifera.
plattensis, syn. for A. plattensis.
prouti, syn. for A. prouti.
reftexa, syn. for A. reflexa.
singletoni, syn. for A. singletoni.
spiriferoides, syn. for A. spiriferoides.
Stexoschisma, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. stenos, narrow ; schisma, a
fissure.] Written Stenocisma by Con-
rad.
billingsi, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. The same that Billings
called Rynchonella thalia, Can. Jour.,
1860, but the name was preoccupied.
[Ety. proper name.]
carica, Hall, 1S67, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a kind of drv fig.]
Carolina, Hall, 1867, Pal/ N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
congregatum, Conrad, 1841, (Atrypa con-
gregate) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. gathered together.]
contractum, Hall, 18 43, (Atrypa con-
tracta) Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. contracted, drawn together.]
contractum var. saxatile, Hall, 18(57, Pal.
ST. Y„, vol. 4, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
that lives among stone or rocks.]
dotis, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. an ornament]
duplicatum, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa dupli-
cate) Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. doubled.]
eximium, Hall, 1843, (Atrypa eximia)
Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. choice, select]
horsfordi, Hall, 18 60, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Cornif. Gr., Marcellus shale & Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
orbiculare, Hall, 1860, (Rhynchonella or-
bicularis) 13th Reg. Rep., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. orb-shaped.]
prolificum, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. fruitful, prolific]
royanum, Hall, 1860, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
sappho, Hall, 1860, (Rhynahonella
sappho) 13th Reg. Rep., Marcellus
shale & Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
stephani, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
134
BRACHIOPODA.
tethys, Billings, 1860, (Rhynchonella
tethys) Can. Jour., Cornif. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
Streptobhynchus, King, 1850, Monograph
of Permian Fossils. [Ety. strepto, I
bend or twist; rhynchos, a beak.]
antiquatus, Sowerby, 1839, (Strophomena
antiquata) Murch. Sil. Syst, Mid. Sil.
[Sig. ancient.]
arctostriatus, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena
arctostriata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. closelv striated.]
arctostriatm, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
(Orthisina arctostriata) Ham. Gr.
This name was preoccupied.
chemungensis, Conrad, 1843, (Stropho-
mena chemungensis) Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
crassus, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Orthis-
ina crassa) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Coal Meas.. [Sig. thick.]
crenistriatus, Phillips, 1836,(Spirifera cre-
nistria) Geo. York., vol. 2, Waverly
Gr. [Sig. having crooked stria?.]
deflectus, Conrad, 1843, (Strophomena
deflecta) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. bent down.]
elongatus, James, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., Cin'ti. Gr. [Sig. from the long
cardinal line.]
filitextus, Hall, 1847, (Strophomena fili-
texta) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. woven like
thread.]
hallianus, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hemiaster, syn. for S. subplanum.
lens, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig. a
concavo-convex shell.]
nutans, James, 1873, (Hemipronites nu-
tans) Pal. Ohio, vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
bent over.]
occidentalis, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col.
Ex. Exped., Up. Carb. [Sig. western.]
pandora, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., Scho-
harie grit and Cornif. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
pectinaceus, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena
pectinacea and S. bifurcata) Geo. Rep.
4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. and
Waverly sandstone. [Sig. like a
Pecten.}
perversus, Hall, 1857, (Orthis perversa)
10th Reg. Rep. (Orthisina alternata,
1860, 13th Reg. Rep.) Cornif. and
Ham. Gr. [Sig. turned upside down.]
planoconvexus, Hall, 1847, (Leptsena
planoconvexa) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. River Gr. [Ety. planus, plane ;
convexus, convex.]
planumbonus, Hall, 1847, (Leptsena
planumbona) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. flat on the
umbo.]
pyramidalis, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col.
Ex. Exped., Carb. [Sig. pointed like
a pyramid.]
radiatus, Vanuxem, 1843, (Strophomena
radiata) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
rectus, Conrad, 1843, (Strophomena
recta) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 1,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
straight.]
sinuatus, Emmons, 1855, Am. Geol.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. marked with depres-
sions, wavy.]
subplanus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, (Strophomena sub-
plana) Niagara Gr. [Sig. somewhat
flat.]
subtentus, Conrad, 1847, (Strophomena
subtenta) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat bent.]
sulcatus, Verneuil, 1848, (Leptrena sul-
cata) Bull. Geol. Soc. France, vol. 5,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
tenuis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst, vol.
4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. slight, slender.]
umbraculum, V. Buch, (Orthis umbra-
culum) Ueber Delthyris, &c, Devon-
ian to the Permian Gr. [Sig. an um-
brella.]
vetustus, James, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. old.]
woolworthianus, Hall, 1859, (Stropho-
mena woolworthiana) Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
StricHandia, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4. This name having been pre-
viously applied to a genus of fossil
plants" the author abandoned it and
proposed Stricklandinia.
Stricklandinia, Billings, 1863, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8. [Ety. proper name.]
anticostiensis, Billings, 1863, Can. Nat.
Geo., vol. 8, Anticosti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
(?) arachne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
(?) arethusa, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
brevis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
4, Mid. Sil. [Sig. short.]
canadensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
castellana, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
davidsoni, Billings, 1868, Lond. Geo.
Mag., vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
deformis, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. deformed, ugly shaped.]
elongata, see Amphigenia elongata.
elongata var. curta, see Amphigenia curta.
gaspensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 4, Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
BRACHIOPODA.
lens. The fossil referred to this species
was afterward described as S. david-
soni.
melissa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
salteri, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
Strophalosia, King, 1844, Ann. &Mag. Nat.
Hist., vol. 14. [Ety. stroplie, a bend-
ing; alos, a disc]
horrescens, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas
in Neb. Prof. Meek regarded this
name as a syn. for Productus nebras-
censis.
numularis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. like a
little coin.]
subaculeata, 5lurehison, 1845, Bui. Geol.
Soc. de France, Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat thorny or furnished with
prickles.]
Strophodonta, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. strophos, bent; odous, tooth.]
sequicostata, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
equal-ribbed.]
altidorsata, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig.
high backed.]
alveata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. channeled.]
ampla, Hall, 1857, (Strophomena ampla)
10th Reg. Rep., Schoharie grit and
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. full, large.]
arcuata, Hall, 1858, Geo. of Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. bent, arched.]
becki, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
boonensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
cfelata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
callawayensis, Sw r allow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
callosa, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. having a thick shell.]
canace, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
cavumbona, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a hol-
low umbo.]
cayuta, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cincta, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin-
sula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. ductus,
girdled ; in allusion to a ridge around
the border of the inside of the ventral
valve.]
concava, Hall, 1857, (Strophomena con-
cava) 10th Reg. Rep., Cornif. and
Ham. Gr. [Sig. concave.]
costata, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Devonian. [Sig.
ribbed.]
crebristriata, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
crebristriata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Schoharie grit. [Sig. thickly
striated.]
cymbiformis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig.
boat-shaped.]
demissa, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
demissa) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Schoharie grit, Cornif., Ham. and
Chemung Gr. [Sig. hanging down.]
erratica, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. wander-
ing, erratic]
fragilis, syn. for Strophodonta perplana.
geniculata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. geniculated.]
headleyana, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hemispherica, Hall, 1857, (Strophomena
hemispherica) 10th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie Grit & Cornif. Gr. [Sig. hemi-
spherical.]
hybrida, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. a hybrid.]
imitata, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin.
Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. imitating, like
S. insequistriata.~\
in?squiradiata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie Grit & Cornif. Gr. [Sig.
unequal-rayed.]
inaequistriata, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
inaequistriata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Cornif. & Ham. Gr., Moscow
shales. [Sig. having unequal stria?.]
indentata, Conrad, (Leptama indentata)
1838, Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. indented.] t
inflexa, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig. bowed,
made crooked.]
intermedia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. interme-
diate.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn., Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
junia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif., Ham. & Tully Gr., (changed
from textilis, in the corrigenda and
index). [Ety. proper name.]
kemperi, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
leaven worthiana, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lepida, svn. for S. nacrea.
lincklami, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.] "
magnirira, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. magnifi-
cent.]
magniventra, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. large
bellied.]
136
BRACHIOPODA.
mucronata, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
mucronata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Chemung Gr. [Sig. sharp- pointed.]
nacrea, Hall, 1857, (Strophomena nacrea)
10th Reg. Rep., Cornif. and Ham.
Gr. [Sig. iridescent, like mother of
pearl.]
navalis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig. like a
ship.]
parva, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis., Iowa
and Minn., Ham. Gr. [Sig. small.]
parva, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. This name was preoccu-
pied,
patersoni, Hall, 1857, (Strophomena pat-
ersoni) 10th Reg. Rep., Schoharie
grit and Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
perplana, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
perplana) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Onondaga, Schoharie, Cornif., Ham.
and Chemung Gr. [Sig. very plain.]
perplana var. nervosa, Hall, 1843, (Stro-
phomena nervosa) Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. full
of sinews.]
planulata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. flat.]
plicata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. folded, plaited.]
prisma, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
profunda, Hall, 1852, (Leptaena profunda)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
deep.]
punctulifera, Conrad, 18 3 8, (Leptaena
punctulifera) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low.
Held. Gr. .[Sig. hearing punctures.]
reversa, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. reversed.]
semifasciata, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alh. Inst,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. half-handed.]
subcymbiformis, Swallow, 1860, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., Devonian. [Sig.
somewhat boat-shaped.]
varistriata, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena
varistriata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. differently
striated.]
varistriata var. arata, Hall, 1850, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
furrowed. ]
vascularia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. vascular.]
Strophomkna, Rafinesque, 1825, Manuel de
Malacologie of Blainville. [Ety.
xtrophos, bent; mew, a crescent.]
acutiradiata, see Chonetes acutiradiata.
alternata, Conrad, 1838, (Leptaena alter-
nata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. alternating.]
alterniradiata, Shaler, 1865, Bulletin, No.
4, M. C. Z., Anticosti Gr. [Sig. alter-
nately radiated.]
alternistriata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton and Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
alternately striated.]
alternata var. loxorhytis, Meek, 1873,
Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
cross-wrinkled.]
ampla, see Strophodonta ampla.
analoga, Phillips, 1836, Geol. Yorkshire,
vol. 2, Low. Carb. [Sig. like analo-
gous.]
anticodiensis, syn. for Strophomena alter-
nata.
antiquata, see Streptorhynchus antiqua-
tus.
arctostriata, see Streptorhynchus arctos-
triatus.
arcuata, Shaler, 1865. This name was
preoccupied,
arethusa, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
aurora, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. in the morning.]
bifurcata, syn. for Streptorhynchus pecti-
naceus.
bipartita, Hall, 1852, (Leptaena bipartita)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Coralline limestone.
[Sig. double-partitioned.]
blainvilli, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
camerata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Sig. arched
or vaulted.]
carinata, Conrad, 1838, see Tropidoleptus
carinatus.
carinata, Conrad, 1842, see Chonetes
carinata.
ceres, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. and Mid. Sil.
[Ety. mythological name.]
chemungensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
conc.ava, see Strophodonta concava.
conracM, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
convexa, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
Lands, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. convex.]
cornuta, see Chonetes cornuta.
corrugata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 3, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
crebristrkita, see Strophodonta crebris-
triata.
crenistria, syn. for Strophodonta perplana.
declivis, syn. for Strophomena alternata.
deflecta, see Streptorhynchus deflectus.
deltoidea, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. shaped like the
Greek letter Delta.']
delthyris, syn. for Strophodonta perplana.
demma, see Strophodonta demissa.
depressa, Sowerby, 1825, (Producta de-
pressa) vol. 6, Min. Conchology, Up.
Sil. [Sig. depressed.]
depressa var. 'ventricosa, see Strophomena
rugosa var. A^entricosa.
elegantula, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep, 4th Dist.
N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. quite ele-
gant.]
BRACHIOPODA.
137
elongata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat-
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
elongated.]
elliptica, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
euglypha, syn. for Strophodonta punctu-
lifera.
fasciata, Hall, 1847, (Leptsena fasciata)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
swathed, banded.]
filitexta, see Streptorhynchus filitextus.
fluctuosa, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 5, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
wavy.]
fontinalis, White, 18 74, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Ety. fans, a
fountain or spring.]
fracta, Meek, 1873, Pal. Ohio, vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. broken, weak.]
fragilis, syn. for Strophodonta perplana.
galatea, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. mythological name.]
geniculate,, Shaler, (Brachyprion genicu-
latum). The name was preoccupied,
gibbosa, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Onondaga Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
hecuba, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
hemispherica, see Strophodonta hemis-
pherica.
imbecillis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. feeble.]
imbrex, Pander, 1845, in Russia & Ural
Mountains, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. im-
bricated.] The identification very
doubtful in America.
impressa, syn. for Strophodonta varistriata.
incrassata, Hall, 1847, (Leptsena incras-
sata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy to Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. thickened.]
indentata, Conrad, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Held. Gr. [Sig. indented.]
intequiradiata, see Strophodonta insequira-
diata.
insequktriata, see Strophodonta insequi-
striata.
interstrialk, Phillips, in Geo. 4th Dist. N.
Y., see Strophodonta cavuta.
irene, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
ithacensis, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. N.
Y., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
julia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
lachrymosa, see Productella lachrymosa.
laevis, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
leda, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
5, Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
lepida, syn. for Strophodonta nacrea.
lima, see Productella lachrymosa var.
lima.
lineala, see Chonetes lineata.
macra, syn. for Strophodonta semifasciata.
magniventra, see Strophodonta magniven-
tra.
18
membranacea, of Phillips, as identified by
Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. 3rd Dist. N. Y.,
see Productella hirsuta.
modesta, Conrad, 1839, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. not large.]
mucronata, see Strophodonta mucronata.
nacrea, see Strophodonta nacrea.
nasuta, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. having a prominent nose.]
nassula, Conrad, 1848, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 3, Carb. [Sig. a little bag-net.]
nervosa, see Strophodonta perplana var.
nervosa.
niagarensis, syn. for Strophodonta pro-
funda.
nitens, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. neat.]
nutans, see Streptorhynchus nutans.
obscura, Hall, 1852, (Leptsena obscura)
Pal. N. Y, vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
obscure.]
orthididse, Hall, 1852, (Leptsena orthi-
didse) Pal. N. Y, vol. 1, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. like a shell of the genus Orthis.]
patenta, Hall, 1852, (Leptsena patenta)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
spreading.] patens would be better
orthography.
patersoni, see Strophodonta patersoni.
pecten, Linnseus, 1758, (Anomia pecten)
Syst. Nat., Niagara Gr. [Sig. comb-
like.] Not American.
pectinacea, see Streptorhynchus pectin-
aceus.
perplana, see Strophodonta perplana.
philomela, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo.,
vol. 5, Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological
name.]
planoconvexa, see Streptorhynchus plano-
convexus.
'planumbona, see Streptorhynchus plan-
umbonus.
plicata, syn. for Streptorhynchus sub-
tentus.
plicifera, Hall, 1847, (Leptsena plicifera)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
bearing plications.]
pluristriata, syn. for Strophodonta per-
plana.
profunda, see Strophodonta profunda.
punctulifera, see Strophodonta punctuli-
fera.
pustulosa, syn. for Productella truncata.
radiata, see Streptorhynchus radiatus.
recta, see Streptorhynchus rectus.
rectilateris, syn. for Strophodonta vari-
striata.
rhomboidalis, Wahlenberg, 1821, Acta.
Soc. Sci., Upsaliensis. This species
ranges from the Trenton Group in
the Lower Silurian to the Hamilton
and Chemung Group, regarding S.
tenuistriata, S. depressa and S. rugosa
as varieties only. The type however
is the Devonian form. [Sig. rhom-
boidal.]
138
BRACHIOPODA.
reticulata, Shaler, 1865, Bulletin No. 4,
M. C. Z., Anticosti Gr. [Sig. reticu-
lated.]
rugosa, Dalman, 1827, (Leptsena rugosa)
Vet. Acad. Handlinger, Niagara &
Low. Held. Gr. This form is sup-
posed to be the type of Rafinesque's
genus Strophomena. The species is
usually regarded as merely a variety
of S. rhomboidalis. [Sig. wrinkled.']
rugosa var. ventricosa, Hall, 1857, (S. de-
Sressa var. ventricosa) 10th Reg. Rep.,
riskany sandstone. [Sig. bulging-
out.]
setigera, see Chonetes setigera.
semiovalis, Conrad, syn. for Leptsena ser-
icea.
semiovalis, Shaler. The name had been
twice preoccupied.
squamula, James, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. a little
striata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. striated.]
subdemma, syn. for Strophodonta demissa.
subplana, see Streptorhynchus subpla-
nus.
subtenta, see Streptorhynchus subtentus.
syrtalis, syn. for Chonetes carinata.
tenuilineata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
slender-lined.]
tenuistriata, Sowerby, 1839, (Leptsena
tenuistriata) Murch. Sil. Syst., Low.
Sil. [Sig. fine-lined.]
textilis, see Strophodonta junia.
thalia, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. Geo., vol.
5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
transversalis, see Leptsena transversalis.
trilobata, Owen, 1852, (Leptsena trilobata)
Geo. par. Wis., Iowa & Minn., Trentop
Gr. [Sig. three-lobed.]
tullia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
undulata, syn. for S. rhomboidalis.
undulosa, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. full of un-
dulations.]
unicostata, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
single-ribbed.]
varistriata, see Strophodonta varistriata.
ventricosa, Shaler, (Brachyprion ventri-
cosum). The name was preoccupied.
wooltvorthana, see Streptorhynchus wool-
worth an us.
Syntrielasma, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. syn, together;
treis, three ; elasma, plate.]
hemiplicatum, Hall, 1852,(Spirifera hemi-
plicata) Stan's. Ex. to Great Salt Lake,
Coal Meas. [Sig. half-folded or
plaited.]
Syringothyris, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. [Ety. syrinx, a pipe or
channel; thyris] a small window or
orifice.]
halli, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
typus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Ety. type of
the genus.]
Terebratula, Llhwyd, 1696, Lith. Brit.
Ichn. [Ety. diminutive of terebrains,
perforated.]
affinis, syn. for Atrypa reticularis.
aprinis, see Rhynchonella aprinis.
arcuata, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. bent or
arched.] The name was preoccupied
by Roemer in 1840.
argentea, see A thyris argentea.
aspera, see Atrypa aspera.
bidentata, see Rhynchonella bidentata.
bovidens, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Ety. bos, an ox ;
dens, a tooth.]
breviroslris, see Rhynchonella brevirostris.
brevilobata, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig.
short-lobed.]
burlingtonensis, White, 1860, Bost. Jour.
Nat. Hist., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
concentrica, syn. for Athyris spiriferoides.
crenulata, Sowerby, 1840, (Atrypa crenu-
lata) Geo. Trans., 2nd series, vol. 5,
Devonian. [Sig. crenulated.]
cuneata, see Rhynchonella cuneata.
elia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Up.
Held- Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
elongata, Schlotheim, 1817, Akad. Munich,
vol. 6, Permian Gr. [Sig. elongated.]
formosa, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
geniculosa, syn. for Terebratula bovidens.
gracilis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. slender.]
The name was preoccupied by Von
Buch in 1834.
harmonia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
inornata, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Carb. [Sig. not ornamented.]
insperata, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss., De-
vonian. [Sig. unexpected.]
interplicata, see Rhynchonella interpli-
cata.
jucunda, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. welcome.]
lens, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Cornif.
Gr. [Sig. convex on both sides.]
laticosta, see Atrypa laticosta.
lincklseni, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lynx, see Orthis lynx.
marcyi, see Retzia marcyi.
marginalia, see Atrypa marginalis.
michelini, see Orthis michelini.
millepunctata, syn. for T. bovidens.
mormoni, see Retzia mormoni.
navicella, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little boat.]
Ontario, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
BRACHIOPODA.
139
oroides, see Rensselseria ovoides.
parva, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. small.]
' The name was preoccupied by d'Arch-
iac in 1846.
perinflata, Shumard,. 1859,Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. very
much inflated.]
planirostra, see Cryptonella planirostra.
rectirostra, see Cryptonella rectirostra.
reticularis, see Atrypa reticularis,
roemingeri, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sacculus, Martin, 18 09, Petrif. Derb.,
Low. Carb. [Sig. a little sack.]
schiotheimi, see Camerophoria schlotheimi.
simulator, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. an imitator.]
gpiriferoides, see Athyris spiriferoides.
subtilita, see Athyris subtilita.
sullivanti, Hall, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
traversensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Penin. Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
trinuclea, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. three-
kerneled.]
turgida, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. swollen-out.]
uta, see Rhynchonella uta.
vrilsoni, see Rhynchonella wilsoni.
Terebratulites, Schlotheim, syn. for Spirifera.
biforatus, see Orthis biforata.
Tbemati8, Sharpe, 1847, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 13. [Ety. trema, an opening.]
cselata, see Obolella cselata.
cancellata, Sowerby, 1825, (Orbicula can-
cellata) Zool. Jour., vol. 2, Trenton Gr.
[Sig cancellated.]
crassa, see Obolella crassa.
dyeri, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Jttosa, see Schizocrania filosa.
huronensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
montrealensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
millepunctata, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. many dotted.]
ottawaensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pannulus, White, 1874, Rep. on Invert.
Foss., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. a small
piece of cloth.]
punctostriata, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep.,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. punc-
tured and striated. ]
(?) pustulosa, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. covered with pustules.]
rudis, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. rough.]
terminalis, Emmons, 1842, (Orbicula ter-
minalis) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. terminating.]
Trematospira, Ball, 1859, 12th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. trema, foramen ; spira, a spire ;
in allusion to the perforation in the
beak of the ventral valve.]
acadiae.Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
5, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
camura, Hall, 1852, (Atrypa camura) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
an arch.]
costata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
deiveyi, see Rhynchospira deweyi.
formosa, see Rhynchospira formosa.
gibbosa, Hall, I860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
globosa, Hall, 1856, 9th Reg. Rep., (Wald-
heimia globosa) Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
globular.]
granulifera, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. bearing
granules.]
hirsuta, Hall, 1857, (Atrypa hirsuta) 10th
Reg. Rep., Cornif. and Ham. Gr.
[Sig. rough, hairy.]
imbricata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like one upon
another, as slates on a roof.]
mathewsoni, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
multistriata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. many-striated.]
liniuscula, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
fine-lined.]
(?) nobilis, Hall, 1860, (Rhynchospira
nobilis) 13th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. remarkable, noted.]
perforata, Hall, 1857, 10th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. perforated.]
(?) quadriplicata, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. four-plicated ; in allusion to the
four plications on the mesial fold.]
rectirostris, Hall, 1856, (Waldheimia rec-
tirostra) 9th Reg. Rep., Low. Held.'
Gr. [Sig. straight-beaked.]
simplex, Hall, 1856, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. simple.]
Trigonotreta, Konig, 1825, Icon. Foss. Sect.
[Ety. trigonos, a triangle ; tretos per-
forated.] Subgenus of Spirifera.
Trimerella, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. treis, three; meros, part; ella,
diminutive.]
acuminata, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Guelph Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
billingsi, Dall, 1871, Am. Jour. Conch.,
vol. 7, Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
dalli, Davidson & King, 1872, Brighton
Meeting Brit. Assoc, Guelph Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
galtensis, Billings, 1862, (Obolusgaltensis)
Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Guelph Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
grandis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. large.]
140
BRACHIOPODA.
minor, syn. for T. galterfsis.
ohioensis, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2nd series, vol. 1, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Triplegia, Hall, Oct., 1858. Camarella has
priority because it was published in
August, 1858.
congesta, see Camarella congesta.
cuspidata, see Camarella cuspidata.
extans, see Camarella extans.
nucleata, see Camarella nucleus.
ortoni, see Camarella ortoni.
Tropidoleptus, Hall, 1857, proposed in 10th
Reg. Rep., but described in 1859 in
12th Reg. Rep. [Ety. tropis, the keel
or bottom of a ship; leptos, slender.]
carinatus, Conrad, 1839, (Strophomena
carinata) Ann. Geo. Rep. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
occidens, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. western.]
Vitulina, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. [Ety.
mythological name.]
pustulosa, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Tully limestone. [Ety. covered with
pustules; in allusion to the minute
papillae which cover the surface.] •
Waldheimia, King, 1849, Monograph of Per-
mian Fossils. [Ety. proper name.]
compacta, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
compact, pressed together.]
deweyi, see Rhynchospira deweyi.
formosa, see Rhynchospira formosa.
globosa, see Trematospira globosa.
rectirostra, see Trematospira rectirostra.
Zygospira, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.
[Etv. zygos, a yoke ; spira, a spire.]
headi, Billings, 1862, ( Athyris headi) Pal.
Foss., vol. 1, Cin'ti & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
headi rar. anticostiensis, Billings, 1862,
(Athvris headi var. anticostiensis)
Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
headi var. borealis, Billings, 1862,
(Athyris headi var. borealis) Pal.
Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
northern.]
modesta, Say, 1847, (Atrypa modesta)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton & Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. not large.]
modesta var. cincinnatiensis, James, Pal.
Ohio, vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
paupera, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. impover-
ished, small.]
subconcava, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat concave.]
CLASS PTEKOPODA.
FAMILY CONULARIID^.—Conularia, Coleoprion.
FAMILY HYOLITHIDM— Hyolithellus, Hyolithes, Pterotheca, Stenotheca, Theca.
INCERT.E SEDIS.— Aspidella, Scenella, Tentaculites.
Aspidella, Billings, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 3. [Ety.' aspidella, a
little shield.]
terranovica, Billings, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 3, Huronian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Clioderma, Hall, 1861, syn. for Pterotheca.
attenuate, see Pterotheca attenuata.
expansa, see Pterotheca expansa.
Coleoprion, Sandberger, 1847, Jahrbuch.
[Ety. koleos, a sheath ; prion, a saw.]
tenuicinctum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devoni-
an Foss., Cornif. & Ham. Gr. [Sig.
fine-girded.]
Conularia, Miller, 1818, in Sowerby's Min.
Conch., vol. 3. [Ety. conulus', a little
cone.]
asperata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. rough.]
byblis, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
cayuga, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
congregata, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Portage Gr. [Sig. congregated
together.]
continens, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Marcellus shale. [Sig. holding
together.]
crebristriata, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. from the
crowded stria?.]
elegantula, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. quite
elegant.]
gattingeri, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. slender.]
granulata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. granulated.]
hudsoni, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geo., Utica
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
huntana, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laqueata, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. paneled.]
lata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Oris-
kanv sandstone. [Sig. broad.]
longa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. long.]
marionensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
micronema, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Sig. small-
threaded or lined.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Etv.
proper name.]
molaris, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. a grinder.]
newberryi, Winched, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat.Sci.,Wav. Gr. [Ety. propername.j
niagarensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
osagensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
papillata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Tren. Gr. [Sig. covered with papilli.]
planocostata, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.",
Carb. [Sig. plain-ribbed.]
pyramidalis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. pyramidal.]
quadrata, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New Sp.
Foss., Trenton Gr. [Sig. quadrate.]
quadrisulcata, (?) Miller, 1826, Min.
Conch., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having four
depressions.]
splendida, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. splendid.]
subcarbonaria, Meek & AVorthen, 1873,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. in Lower Carboniferous rocks.]
subulata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. awl-shaped.]
trentonensis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
triplicata, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig. three-
plicated.]
undulata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
victa, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. IN at.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
conquered, suppressed.]
Hyolithellus, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 6. [Ety. diminutive of
Hyolithes.}
micans, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 6, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. shining.]
Hyolithes, Eichwald.
aclis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a small javelin.]
americanus, Billings, 1871, (Theca tri-
angularis, Hall) Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 6, Pots. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
142
PTEROPODA.
centennialiB, Barrett, 1877, Ann. Lye.
Nat. Hist., vol. 11, Low. Held. Gr.
[Ety. the one hundredth year, because
the description was written in 1876.]
communis, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 6, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. com-
mon.]
emmonsi, Ford, 1873, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 5, Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
excellens, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. excellent.]
gibbosus, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
impar, Ford, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 3, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. un-
equal.]
ligea, Hall, 1863, (Theca ligea) 15th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
micans, see Hyolithellus micans.
primordialis, Hall, 1861, (Theca primor-
dialis) Geo. Rep. Wis., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. first in order.]
princeps, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 6, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. primitive.]
principalis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie Grit. [Sig. principal,
large.]
striatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. striated.]
Ptekotheca, Salter, 1852, Rep. Brit. Ass'n.
[Ety. Pterotheca, a winged Theca.']
anatiformis, Hall, 1847, (Tellinomya anat-
iformis) Pal. N. Y, vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. like an Anatifa.']
attenuata, Hall, 1861, (Clioderma atten-
uata) 14th Reg. Rep., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. drawn out, attenuated.]
canaliculata, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. channeled.]
expansa, Emmons, 1842, (Delthyris ex-
pansus) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Black Riv.
& Trenton Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
saffordi, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
transversa, Salter, 1852, Rep. Brit. Ass'n,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. crosswise.]
undulata, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
Pugiunculus acvleatus. see Theca aculeata.
Scenella, Billings, 1873, Can. Nat. & Geol.
and Pal. Foss., vol. 2. [Ety. scene, a
tent ; ella, diminutive.]
reticulata, Billings, 1873, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Huronian Gr. [Sig. like net-work.]
retusa, Ford, 1873, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
3rd series, vol. 5, Low. Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. blunted.]
Stenotheca, Hicks, 1872, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. [Ety. stenos, narrow ; Theca, a
genus of Pteropods.]
pauper, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss. vol. 2,
Huronian Gr. [Sig. impoverished.]
Tentaculites, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefacten.
[Ety. tentaculum, a feeler; lilhos, stone.]
arenosus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devon. Foss.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. sandy.]
attenuatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. attenuated.]
bellulus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
distans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. distant.]
elongatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. lengthened.]
fissurella, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Marcellus shale. [Sig. a little
cleft]
flfxuosa, see Conchicolites flexuosus.
hoyti, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
gyracanthus, Eaton, 1832, (Echinus gy-
racanthus) Geo. Text-book, Low.
Held Gr. [Sig. round spine.]
incurvus, Shumard, 1856, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. incurved.]
irregularis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
syn. for Tentaculites gyracanthus.
minutus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. small.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ornatus, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Water lime Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
oswegoensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
rich monden sis, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
scalariformis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. like T.
scalaris.]
scalaris, Schlotheim, 1820, Petref. t. 29,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. like a ladder.] Not
an American species,
sicula, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a little dagger.]
spicula, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Chemung Gr. [Sig. a dart.]
sterlingensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
subtilis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. very
slender.]
tenuistriatus, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. finely striated.]
Theca, Sowerby, 18 45, Morris' Memoir
Strezelscki's N. S. Wales. [Ety. a
sheath or case.]
aculeata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. sharpened.]
gregaria, Meek & Hayden, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. occurring in masses.]
ligea, see Hyolithes ligea.
parviuscula, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
primordialis, see Hyolithes primordialis.
triangularis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. This name was pre-
occupied by Portlock in 1843. Billings
described it as Hyolithes americanus.
CLASS GASTEEOPODA.
FAMILY BELLEROPHONTID^E — Bellerophon, Bucania, Carinaropsis, Cyrtolites,
Ecculiomphalus, Microceras, Phragmostoma, Porcellia, Tremanotus.
FAMILY CALYPTR^ID^.— Capulus,Conchopeltis,Metoptoma, Pala3acma;a,Platyceras,
Trochita.
FAMILY CHITONIDtE.— Chiton.
FAMILY DENTALIID.E.— Dentalium.
FAMILY HELICID^S.— Dawsonella, Pupa, Streptaxis, Zonites.
FAMILY LITTORINID.E.— Xenophora.
FAMILY MACLUR^ID^.— Maclurea.
FAMILY MURICIDJE.— Fusispira.
FAMILY NATICID.E.— Naticopsis, Trachydomia.
FAMILY PLEUROTOMARIIDiE— Helicotoraa, Microdoma, Murchisonia, Pleuroto-
maria, Raphi stoma, Scalites.
FAMILY PYRAMIDELLID^E— Aclis, Chemnitzia, Loxonema, Macrocheilus, Polyphe-
mopsis, Soleniscus, Subulites.
FAMILY ROTELLID^E.-Anomphalus.
FAMILY SCALARIID.E.— Holopella.
FAMILY SOLARIDyE.— Euomphalus, Ophileta, Phanerotinus, Platyschisma, Platyos-
toma, Straparollus, Straparollina, Strophostylus.
FAMILY TURBINID^E.— Clisospira, Cyclonema, Cyclora, Eunema, Holopea, Isonema,
Orthonema, Orthostoma, Trochonema, Turbo.
FAMILY TURRITELLIDyE.— Turritella.
Aclis, Loven. [Ety. a, without; kleis, a
projection.]
minuta, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. minute.]
robusta, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. robust.]
swallovana, Geinitz, 18ti6, (Turbonella
swallovana) Carb. und Dyas in Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Acrocidia, Phillips, 1841, syn. for Platyceras.
angtUata, see Platyceras angulata.
erecta, see Platyceras e recta.
ovalis, see Platyceras ovalis.
niagarcnxis, see Platyceras niagarensis.
ttjgonalis, see Platyceras trigonalis.
Ampullaria, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. ampulla, a flask.]
helicoides, see Platyschisma helicoides.
Anomphalus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. Anomphalos,
without an umbilicus.]
meeki, see Dawsonella meeki.
rotulus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
a litttle wheel.]
Bkllkrophon, Montfort, 1808, Conch. Syst.,
vol. 1. [Etv. mythological name.]
acutilira, Ua\\", 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. sharp-ridged.]
acutus, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Low. Silurian. [Sig. sharp.]
allegoricus, White, 18 74, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Sig. allegorical.]
angicstata, see Bucania angustata.
apertus, Sowerby, 1825, Min. Conch., vol.
5, Low. Carb. [Sig. an opening.]
argo, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
auriculatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. having ear-
like appendages.]
barquensis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci.,' Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bidorsatus, see Bucania bidorsata.
bilobatus, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Black Riv. to Mid. Sil. [Sig.
two-lobed.]
144
GASTEROPODA.
bilobatus var. acutus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. sharp.]
bilobatus var. corrugatus, Hall, 1847, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
blaneyanus, syn. for. B. carbonarius.
bowmani, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
brevilineatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Sig. short-
lined.]
canadensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cancellatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. cancellated.]
cancellatus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. The name was
preoccupied,
carbonarius, Cox, 1857, Geo. Rep. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to
the Coal Measures.]
carbonarius var. subpapillosus, White,
1876, Geo. Uinta Mountains, Up. Au-
brey Gr. [Sig. somewhat papillose.]
carinatus, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Devonian. [Sig. keeled.]
charon, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.
vol. 5, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
con volutus, Eaton, 1832, Geo. Text-book,
Up. Sil. [Sig. spiral- whorled.]
crassus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
thick.]
crenistria, Hall, 1876. Illust, Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. having wrin-
kled lines.]
curvilineatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Onondaga, Schoharie
and Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having curved
lines.]
cyrtolites, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. curved stone.]
declivis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Sig sloping.]
disculus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
a little disc]
ellipticus, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. elliptical.]
expansus, Hall, 1847. The name was pre-
occupied by Sowerby. See Bucania
expansa.
fraternus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. fraternal,
allied to B. expansus.]
galericulatus, Winch ell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. small
capped.]
globosus, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. globose.]
hiulcus, Sowerby, Min. Conch. Not
American,
kansasensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
leda, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
lineolatus, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. finely lined.]
lindsleyi, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lyra, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a lyre.]
macer, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mtera, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Chemung G r . [Ety. mythological
name.]
marcouanus, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas. in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
meekanus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
michiganensis, Winchell, 18 6 2, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
miser, Billings, 18 66, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. miser-
able.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
mohri, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
montfortanus, Norwood & Pratten, 1855,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
nashvillensis, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
nautiloides, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. like a
nautilus.']
neleus, Hall & Whitfield, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
newberryi, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
nodocarinatus, Hall, 185 8, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Coal Meas. [Sig. knotty and
keeled.]
obsoletus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Chemung Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
otsego, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
palinurus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
panneus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
ragged.]
patersoni, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
patulus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. broad, spread
out.]
pelops, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie & Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
GASTEROPODA.
145
percarinatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. very
strongly keeled.]
perforatus, syn. for Tremanotus alpheus.
perlatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. very
wide.]
platvstoma, Meek & AVorthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Galena Gr. [Sig.
broad-mouthed.]
plenus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. full, large.]
profundus, Emmons, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. deep.]
propinquus, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Cornif. Gr. [Ety. from close re-
semblance to B. newberryi.]
punctifrons, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
dotted in front.]
rudis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. rude, rough.]
rugosiusculus, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. covered
with small wrinkles.]
scriptiferus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
scriptum, writing; few, to carry.]
scissile, Conrad, 1846, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 2, Carb. [Sig. cleft, rent.]
solitarius, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. alone,
solitary.]
stamineus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Carb. [Sig. thready.]
stevensanus, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
striatus (?), Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Portage Gr. The name was
preoccupied by D'Orbigny.
sublsevis, Hall, 1856, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
smooth.]
tukatimu, see Bucania sulcatina.
thalia, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
tricarinatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
three-keeled.]
trkarinata, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Chemung Gr. The name was
preoccupied,
troosti, Safford, 1869, Geo. Rep. Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This name was preoccupied by D'Or-
bignv in 1839.
tuber, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. a bump or knob.]
urei, Fleming, 1828, British Animals, De-
vonian. [Ety. proper name.] Amer-
ican species. (?)
vittatus, svn. for B. carbonarius.
volutus, 'Eaton, 1832, Geol. Text-book,
Up. Sil. [Sig. whorled.]
whittleseyi, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Cuyahoga shale. [Ety.
proper name.]
19
Bucaxella nana, Meek, 1870, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 11, Silurian. [Sig.
dwarfish.]
Bucania, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1. [Ety.
bukane, a trumpet.]
angustata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara & Guelph Gr. [Sig. narrowed
or constricted.]
bellipuncta, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. beautifully dotted.]
bidorsata, Hall, 1847, (Bellerophon bidor-
satus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. having a double back.]
chicagoensis, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
costata, James, 1872, (Cyrtolites costatus)
Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 3, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. ribbed, having prominent
ridges.]
crassolaris, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. crassus,
thick.]
devonica, Hall, 187 2, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
expansa, Hall, 1847, (Bellerophon ex-
pansus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. widely-spread.]
intexta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. plaited, woven.]
lirata, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
pervoluta, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. very much
rolled.]
profunda, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., (Euomphalus profundus) Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. deep.]
profunda, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. This name was pre-
occupied,
punctifrons, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. dotted in front.]
rotundata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
rugosa, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Utica
Gr. [Sig. rugose.]
stigmosa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. full of marks.]
sulcatina, Emmons, 1842, (Bellerophon
sulcatinus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
small-furrowed.]
trilobata, Conrad, 1838, (Planorbis tri-
lobatus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina
sandstone & Clinton Gr. [Sig. three-
lobed.]
Bulimella, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4. [Ety. a small Bulirnus.'] This name
was preoccupied by Pfeiffer in 1852.
bulimiformis, see Polyphemopsis bulimi-
formis.
canaiiculata, see Polyphemopsis canali-
culata.
dongata, see Polyphemopsis elongate.
146
GASTEROPODA.
Capulus, Montfort, 1810, Conch. Syst., vol.
2. [Ety. capulus, a coffin.]
acutirostris, Hall, 1856, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. sharp-
auriformis', Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. ear-shaped.]
parvus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
triplicatus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. three-
plicated.]
Carinaropsis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
[Ety. from its resemblance to Carin-
aria.]
carinata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. keeled or having
ridges.]
orbiculata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. orbicular.]
patelliformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
patella or limpet-shaped.]
Chemnitzia, D'Orbigny, 1837, Mollusques,
Echinoderm.es, Foraminiferes et Pol-
ypiers, etc. [Ety. proper name.]
Prof. Meek was of the opinion that
the species referred to this genus
from the palaeozoic rocks more prop-
erly belong to Loxonema and other
genera,
attenuata, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. drawn out,
attenuated.]
parva, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
swallovana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
tenuilineata, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Chemung Gr. [Sig. fine lined.]
Chiton, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10.
[Ety. chiton, a coat of mail.]
canadensis, see Metoptoma canadense.
carbonarius, Stevens, 1859, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. from
the Coal Measures.]
parvus, Stevens, 1859, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
Clisospira, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. kleio, to lock; spira, a whorl.]
curiosa, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. curious.]
Conchopeltis, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New Sp.
Foss. [Ety. conche, shell ; pelte, shield.]
alternata, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New Sp.
Foss., Trenton Gr. [Sig. alternate.]
minnesotensis, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New
Sp. Foss., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Cyclonema, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
[Ety. Jcuklos, a circle; nema, a thread.]
bellulum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
bilix, Conrad, 1842, (Pleurotomaria bilix)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton
and Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. woven with
a double thread.]
bilix rar. conicum, S. A. Miller, 1874,Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. conical.]
bilix var. fluctuatum, James, 1874,(Cyclo-
nema fluctuata) Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
cancellatum, Hall, 1843, (Littorina cancel-
lata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. cancellated.]
commune, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. common.]
concinna, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Chemung Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
crenistriatum, Hall, 1876, IllustDevonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. having
wrinkled striae.]
crenulatum, Meek, 1871, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. crenulated.]
decorum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. seemly.]
elevatum, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. elevated J
hageri, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hallanum, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hamiltonige, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
humile, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. poor,
small.]
liratum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
mediocre, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. ordinary,
middling.]
montrealense, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
multiliratum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. many-furrowed.]
obsoletum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. obsolete, from the
nearly obsolete spire.]
obsoleta, Hall, 1876, Illustr. Devonian,
Foss., Chemung Gr. The name was
preoccupied,
percarinatum, Hall, 1847, (Pleurotomaria
percarinata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
& Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. very much
carinated.]
percingulatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
encircled with many lines.]
phsedra, Billings, 1865 Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
pyramidatum, James, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. pyra-
midal.]
rugfelineatum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. rugose-lined.]
semicarinatum, Salter, 1859, Can. Org.
Rem., Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
half-carinated.]
sulcatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
GASTEROPODA.
147
tennesseense, Roemer, 18 60, (Turbo
tennesseensis) Sil. Fauna, des West
Tenn., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
varians, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. variable.]
varieosum, Hall, 1870, 24th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. (Published by mistake in 14th Reg.
Rep., 1861, as C. ventricosa) Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. having the threads or lines en-
larged.]
ventricosum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N.Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
Cyclora, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 48.
[Ety. kuklos, a circle.]
hoffmanni, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
minuta, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci.,vol. 48
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. minute.]
nana, syn. for Cyclora minuta.
parvula, Hall, 1845, (Turbo parvula) Am,
Jour. Sci., vol. 48, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig,
very small.]
Cyclostoma, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. kuklos, a circle; stoma,
mouth.]
pervetusta, see Pleurotomaria pervetusta.
Cybtolites, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. kurtos, curved ; lithos, stone,]
carinatus, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
keeled ; from the ridges on the sides.]
compressus, Conrad, 1838, (Phragmolites
compressus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. compressed.]
conradi, Hall,1862, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
costatus, see Bucania costata.
cristatus, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Sig. crested.]
desideratus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. to be
desired.]
dyeri, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
elegans, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
elegant.]
expansus. Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. spread
out.]
filosus, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. thready.]
gillanus, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
imbricatus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. im-
bricated.]
mitella, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a bandage.]
ornatus, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. ornamented.]
pannosus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. ragged.]
pileolus, Hall, 1862,15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a small cap.]
sinuosus, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
trentonensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Dawsonella, Bradley, 1874, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 7. [Ety. proper name.]
meeki, Bradley, 1872, (Anomphalus
meeki) Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd series, vol.
4, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Dentalium, Linnams, 1740, Svst. Nat., 2nd
Ed. [Ety. dens, a tooth.]
aciculatum, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a small needle.]
annulostriatum, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
annular and striated.]
barquense, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
canna, White, 18J4, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Carb. [Sig. a reed.]
granda?vum, Winchell, 1863, Proc Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. very
ancient.]
meekanum, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
missouriense, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
obsolelum, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Coal Meas. The name was preoc-
cupied by Schlotheim in 1832.
primarium, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. primary.]
venustum, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
elegant.]
Ecculiomphalus, Portlock, 1843, Geol. Rep.
Lond. [Ety. ecculiompludus, unrolled
umbilicus.]
atlanticus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
canadensis, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
distans, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. distant, standing
apart.]
intortus, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. twisted, turned
round.]
spiralis, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. spiral.]
superb us, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. magnificent.]
trentonensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
undulatus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. undulating.]
Eidima, Risso, 1826, Histoire Naturelle des
principales, etc. [Sig. ravenous
hunger.]
peracuta, see Polyphemopsis peracuta.
148
GASTEROPODA.
Eunema, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem., Decade
1. [Ety. eu, beautiful; nema, a line.]
cerithioides, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. like
the genus Cerithium.']
erigone, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name. ]
pagoda, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. an
image of a supposed deity.]
priscum, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. old or
ancient.]
safari, see Orthonema salteri.
strigillatum, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. fur-
rowed, fluted.]
trilineatum, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. three-lined.]
Euomphalus, Sowerby, 1814, Min. Conch.,
vol. 1. [Ety. eu, wide ; omphalos, um-
bilicus.]
boonensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
catilloides, Conrad, 1842, (Inachus catil-
loides) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Coal Meas. [Sig. like E. catillus.]
The name was preoccupied by Ko-
ninck in 1841.
clymenioides, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Clymenia.']
comes, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. an associate.]
conradi, syn. for Euomphalus decewi.
cyclostomus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. having a
circular mouth.]
decewi, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour., Cornif.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
depressus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Low. Carb. The name was
preoccupied by Goldfuss in 1832.
disjunctm, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. The name was pre-
occupied by Goldfuss.
eboracensis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
exortivus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carb. [Sig. eastern.]
expansus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Sig. expanded.]
hecale, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
hemispherica, see Platystoma hemispher-
icum.
inops, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. meagre.]
latus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. broad.]
laxus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Cornif. & Ham. Gr. [Sig. loose.]
lens, see Straparollus lens.
obtusus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Kin-
der hook Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
perspectivus, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
thoroughly viewed.]
pervetus, Conrad, 1843, (Inachus perve-
tus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. very ancient.]
pervetustus, Conrad, 1839, (Cyclostoma
pervetusta) Ann. Rep. N. Y", Medina
sandstone. [Sig. very ancient.]
planidorsatus, see Straparollus planidor-
planispira, see Straparollus planispiratus.
planodiscus, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. having a plane disc]
profundus, see Bucania profunda.
quadrivolvis, see Straparollus quadrivolvis.
roberti, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 9, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
rotuliformis, Meek, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. wheel -
shaped.]
rotundus, see Pleurotomaria rotunda.
rudis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. rough.]
rugselineatus,see Cyclonema rugselineatum.
rugosus, see Straparollus rugosus.
sinuatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
spergenensis, see Straparollus spergenensis.
spergenensis var. planorbifoi-mis, see Stra-
parollus spergenensis var. planorbi-
formis.
spirorbis, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. spiral- whorl.]
springvalensis, White, 1876, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
subplanus, Hall, 1852, Stans. Ex. to Gt.
Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat
flat.]
sulcatus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Onondaga Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
tioga, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
triliratus, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Trenton Gr. [Sig. three-lined.]
trochiscus, Meek, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. wheel-
shaped.]
umbilicatus, see Straparollus umbilicatus.
uniangulatus, see Ophileta uniangulata.
vaticinus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. prophetical.]
whitneyi, see Straparollus whitneyi.
Fusispira, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet. [Ety.
fusus, a spindle; spira, a spire.]
elongata, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. lengthened, drawn out.]
subfusiformis, Hall, 1847, (Murchisonia
subfusiforme) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Tren-
ton and Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. some-
what spindle-shaped.]
terebriformis, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet,Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. like an auger or piercer.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
GASTEROPODA.
149
vittata, Hall, 1847, (Murchisonia vittata)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
banded.]
Fusus, Bruguiere, 1789, Encyc. Meth. TEty.
fusus, a spindle.] This genus is un-
known in the palaeozoic rocks.
inhabili.i, see Macrocheilus primigenius.
Heeicotoma, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1. [Ety. Helix, a genus of
shells ; tome, a notch.]
declivis, Safford, 1809, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined,
eucharis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
gorgonea, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
larvata, Salter, 1859, "Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. and Trenton Gr.
[Sig. a ghost, masked.]
miser, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. wretched.]
muricata, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. and Trenton Gr.
[Sig. like the shell Murex.]
perstriata, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat& Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. very
much striated.]
planulata, Salter, 1859, Decade 1, Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. rather flat.]
proserpina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
serotina, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal. Ont.
[Sig. backward.]
spinosa, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. spiny,
from the spines on the whorls.]
tennesseensis, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.
Not defined,
tritonia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
Holopea, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1. [Ety.
holos, entire; ope, an aperture.]
antiqua, Yanuxem, 1843, (Littorina an-
tiqua) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist, N. Y., Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
antiqua var. pervetusta, Hall, 1859, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. very ancient.]
chicagoensis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
conica, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. conical.]
danai, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
dilucula, Hall, 1847, (Turbo dilucula) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
very early, at break of day.]
(?) elongata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. elongated.]
eriensis, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal. Ont.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
gracia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. pleasant.]
guelphensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Guelph Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
harmonia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
lavinia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ely. mythological
name.]
leiosoma, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. smooth-bodied.]
nereis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
niagarensis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, Niagara
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
obliqua, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. ob-
lique.]
obscura, Hall, 1847, (Turbo obscura) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
obscure, doubtful.]
occidentalis, Nicholson, 1875, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., Guelph Gr. [Sig.
western.]
ophelia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ovalis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol.4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. oval.]
paludiniformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. like a Palu-
dina.]
proserpina, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calciferous & Chazy Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
proutana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
pyrene, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
reversa, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol.5, Silurian. [Sig. reversed.]
subconica, Hall, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. subcon-
ical.]
subconica, Winchell, 1863. This name
was preoccupied.]
symmetrica, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. svmmetrical.]
turgida, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. turgid, swollen
out]
ventricosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
Holopelea, McCoy, 1855. Brit. Pal. Foss.
[Ety. diminutive of Holopea.']
mira, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. wonderful.]
Inachus catilloides,see Euoniphalus catilloides.
pervetustus, see Euoniphalus pervetustus.
undatus, see Lituites undatus.
Isonema, Meek & Worth en, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. isos, equal ; nema,
a thread.]
bellatulum, Hall, 1861, (Loxonema bella-
tula) 14th Reg. Rep. N. Y. [Sig. quite
handsome.]
depressum, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
depressed.]
huiitili.i, see Naticopsis humilis.
150
GASTEEOPODA.
lichas, Hall, 1861, (Platyostoma lichas)
14th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
Littvrina, Ferussac, 18 21, Tab. Syst. An.
Mollusques, etc.
antiqua, see Holopea antiqua.
cancellata, see Cyclonema cancellatum.
wlteeleri, see Naticopsis wheel eri.
Loxonema, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss. [Ety.
bxos, oblique; nema, a thread.]
aculeatum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. sharp-
pointed.]
acutulum, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. somewhat sharp-
pointed.]
attenuatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. attenuated.]
bellatula, see Isonema bellatula.
bellona, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
boydi, see Murchisonia boydi.
carinatum, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2d series, vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig.
keeled.]
cerithiforme, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Sig. like a shell of the genus Cerith-
tttm.]
coaptum, Hall, 1876,Illust.DevonianFoss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. closely-joined.]
compactum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. compact.]
danvillense, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
delphicola, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
fasciatum, King, 1850, Permian Foss.,
Permian Gr. [Sig. banded.]
fitchi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
halli, Norwood & Pratten, 1855, Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hamiltoni&e, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hydraulicum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. from the hydraulic
limestone.]
inornata, see Polyphemopsis inornata.
leda, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
minutum, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2d series, vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig.
minute.]
multicostatum, Meek & "Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
many-ribbed.]
murrayanum, Salter, 1859,Can.Org.Rem.,
Decade 1 , Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
newberryi, see Macrocheilus newberryi.
nexile, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. interlaced.] American
species. (?)
nitidula, see Polyphemopsis nitidula.
nodosum, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d
ser., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. knotted.]
obtusum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
lx>w. Held Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
oligospiratum, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. having
few whorls.]
pexatum, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held Gr. [Sig. clothed in a shell with
a nap on it.]
pexatum var. obsoletum, Hall, 1876,Ulust.
Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
obsolete.]
planogyratum, Hall, 1839, Pal. N.Y., vol.3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. flattened whorl ;
from the flattening of the upper side
of the last volution.]
politum, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d
series, vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig.
smoothed.]
regulare, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. regular.]
robustum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. robust.]
rugosum, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
scitula, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
neat, pretty.]
semicostatum, Meek, 1871, Proc.Aca. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. half-ribbed.]
solidum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. solid.]
styliola, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devon. Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. a truncated
column.]
subattenuatum, Hall, 1862,15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. somewhat atten-
uated.]
subulata, see Murchisonia subulata.
tenuicarinatum, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 25, Coal Meas.
[Sig. fine-lined.]
terebra, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devon. Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. an auger.]
teres, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. well-rounded.]
turritiformie, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. tower-like.]
vincta, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. girded.]
yandellanum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Macxukea, LeSueur, 1818,(Maclurites) Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 1. [Ety. proper
name.]
acuminata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. pointed.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec. Gr. [Sig. near to.]
atlantica, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, ChazyGr. [Ety. proper name.]
bigsbyi, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
crenulata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. crenulated.]
GASTEROPODA.
lol
emmonsi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
labiata, see Raphistoma labiata.
logani, Salter, 1851, Rep. British Assoc.
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
magna, LeSueur, 1818, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 1, Chazv Gr. [Sig. large.]
matutina, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. in the morning.]
oceana, Billings, 18(55, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr." [Ety. mythological name.]
ponderosa, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. heavy.]
psyche, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
"Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name'.]
rotundata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
speciosa, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
sordtda, see Ophileta sordida.
striata, Emmons, see Raphistoma striata.
striata, Troost, 1840. Not defined,
sylpha, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
transitionis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. a passing over,
or transition between M. affinis and
M. emmonsi.']
Machocheilus, Phillips, 1841, Pal. Foss.
[Ety. macros, long ; cheilos, lip.]
altonensis, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
angulifera, White, 1874, Rep. Inverte-
brate Foss., Carboniferous. [Sig.
bearing angles.]
carinata, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. keeled.]
cooperensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
fusiformvs, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Coal Meas. The name was preoccu-
}>ied by Sowerby, see Morris' Cata-
ogue.
gracilis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
haUanus, see Soleniscus hallanus.
hamiltonia?, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hebe, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
hildrethi, Conrad, 1842, (Plectostylus
hildrethi) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
inhabilis, see Macrocheilus primigenius.
intercalaris, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
intercalated.]
kansasensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.] ,
klipparti, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
macrostomus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. long-mouthed.]
medialis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. from
its medium size.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
newberryi, Stevens, 1858, (Loxonema
newberryi) Am. Jour. Sci., 2d series,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
paludineeformis, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a shell
of the genus Paludina.]
pinguis, AVinchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. fat, thick.]
ponderosus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
heavy, bulky.]
primpevus, Hall, 1876. Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. primeval.]
primigenius, Conrad, 1835, (Stylifer prim-
igenia) Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., vol. 1,
Coal Meas. [Sig. first born.]
pulehellus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
beautiful.]
spiratus, McCoy, 1850, Brit. Pal. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. spiral.]
texanus, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa,
Coal Meas. [Sig. ventricose.]
Metoptoma, Phillips, 1836,Geo. of Yorkshire.
[Ety. mdopon, front; tome, incision.]
alceste, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
augusta, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
auomala, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
canadensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, (Chiton canadensis) Black Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
dubia, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy
Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
erato, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
estella, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
eubele, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hyrie, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
instabilis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. not firm, changing.]
melissa, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
montrealensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Chazv Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
niobe, Billings", 1862, Pa"l. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
nycteis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
«2
GASTEROPODA.
orithyia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
orphyne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
quebecensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
rugosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. l,Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
simplex, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calcif. Gr. [Sig. simple.]
superba, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. magnificent.]
trentonensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
undata, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
wavy.]
umbella, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Burlington Gr.
[Sig. umbrella-like.]
venilla, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
Microceras, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
48. [Ety. mikros, small; keras, horn.]
inornatus, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
48, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. not adorned,
smooth.]
Microdoma, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. mikros, small ;
domus, house.]
conica, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal Meas.
[Sig. conical.]
Murchisonia, D'Archiac & Verneuil, 1841,
Bull. Soc. Geo. Fr., vol. 12. [Ety.
proper name.]
abbreviata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. The name was preoccu-
pied by Koninck in 1841.
aciculata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. needle-pointed.]
acrea, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ada, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
adelina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
agilis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. from the depths.]
alexandra, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
angulata, Phillips, 1836, (Rostellaria an-
gulata) Geol. of Yorkshire, Devonian.
[Sig. angulated.] Very doubtfully
identified in America,
angustata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. narrowed.]
anna, Billing3, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. St. Annis
in Canada.]
archimedea, McChesney, 1861, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. per-
taining to the machine invented by
Archimedes.]
arenaria, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. sandy.]
arisaigensis, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Ety. proper name.]
artemisia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
aspera, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. rough.]
attenuata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst,,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. drawn out,
attenuated.]
augustina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
bellicincta, Hall, 1847,*Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. beau-
tifully banded.]
bicincta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. double-
banded.] This name was preoccupied
by McCoy in 1844.
bilirata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. double-fur-
rowed.]
bivittata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. double-banded.]
bowdeni, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
boydi, Hall, 18 43, (Loxonema boydi)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Guelph Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
boylii, Nicholson, 1875, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 31, Guelph Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
carinifera, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. keel-
bearing.]
cassandra, Billings,. 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
catherina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cicelia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
conoidea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina Gr. [Sig. somewhat conical.]
conradi, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
desiderata, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. desired.]
egregia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. excellent.]
elegantula, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. quite elegant.]
estella, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss. vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
extenuata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. thinned-out.]
funata, Billings, 1866 r Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. corded.]
gigantea, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. unusually large.]
gracilis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. slen-
der.] ,
gypsea, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. gvpsum.]
hebe, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. mythological name.]
GASTEROPODA.
153
helicteres, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. and Trenton Or.
[Sig. a round, smooth spire.]
hercynia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
The name was preoccupied by Roemer
in 1843.
hermione, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Chazy or Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
hyale, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Chazy or Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
infrequens, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. rare.]
inornata, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. not
adorned.]
insculpta, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. engraved.]
Jessica, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kansasensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
laphami, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
leda, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep. N. Y
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
limitaris, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. limited.]
linearis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. marked
with lines.]
logani, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
longispira, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. long-spired.]
macrospira, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. large or long-spired.]
maia, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
major, Hall, 1851, Geo. Lake Sup. Land
Dist.,vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. the
greater.]
melaniiformis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Calciferous Gr. [Ety. formed
like the Melania, a genus of shells.]
minima, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Middle Coal Meas. [Sig.
minute, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. small.]
missisquoi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
modesta, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. not large.]
mucro, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a sharp
point.]
multivolvis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. many rolled.]
mylitta, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nebrascensis, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
neglecta, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. neglected.]
obtusa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Cor-
alline limestone. [Sig. obtuse.]
ozarkensis, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
papillosa, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. covered with tubercles.]
perangulata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.Y.,vol. 1,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
very angular.]
perversa, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Ixmis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
turned around.]
petilla, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. thin, slender.]
placida, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. placid, smooth.]
procris, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
quadricincta, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. four-
girded.]
rugosa, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
serrulata, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. and Trenton Gr.
[Sig. minutely-serrated.]
shumardana, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
simulatrix, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. an imitator.]
sororcula, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. a little sister.]
mbfusiformis, see Fusispira subfusiformis.
mbtseniata, see Orthonema subtseniatum.
subulata, Conrad, 1842, (Loxonema subu-
lata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. awl-shaped.]
sumnerensis, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sylvia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
terebrans, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. like an
auger.]
terebriformis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. in the
form of an auger or borer.]
teretiformis, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. of a long, round
shape.]
( texana, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
tricarinata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. three-keeled.]
tricingulata, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. three-banded.]
turricula, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. a little tower.]
turricula, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. This name was pre-
occupied.
154
GASTEROPODA.
turritella, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a little
tower.]
turritiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Guelph Gr. [Sig. like a tower.]
uniangulata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
having one angular line.]
uniangulata var. abbreviata, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
comparatively shortened.]
varians, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. variable.]
varicosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseve Gr. [Sig. varicose.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. ven-
tricose.]
vermicula, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. worm-
shaped.]
vesta, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
vitellia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
vittala, see Fusispira vittata.
Xanthippe, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Natica, Adanson, 1757, Histoire Naturelle
du Senegal, etc. [Ety. nato, to swim
with a fluctuating motion.] This genus
is unknown in Palaeozoic rocks.
altonensis, see Naticopsis altonensis.
carleyana, see Naticopsis carleyana.
chesterensis, see Naticopsis chesterensis.
littonana, see Naticopsis littonana.
magister, syn. for Naticopsis ventricosa.
shumardi, see Naticopsis shumardi.
ventricosa, see Naticopsis ventricosa.
Naticopsis, McCoy, 1844, Synop.Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. from resemblance to
the genus Natica.~\
aequistriata. Meek, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Cornif. Gr. [Sig. having equal
striae.]
altonensis, McChesney, 1865, (Natica
altonensis) Desc. New Pal. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
carleyana, Hall, 1858, (Natica carleyana)
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
chesterensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
, Louis Acad. Sci., Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cretaeea, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. chalk-like.]
depressa, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. de-
pressed.]
dispassa, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carbonif. [Sig. much spread out.]
gigantea, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. unusually
large.]
hollidayi, see Trachydomia hollidayi.
howi, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carboni-
ferous. [Ety. proper name.]
humilis, Meek, 1871, (Isonema humilis)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cornif.
Gr. [Sig. small, dwarfish.]
lsevis, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
littonana, Hall, 1858, (Natica littonana)
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
magvder, syn. for N. ventricosa.
nana, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Platys-
toma nana) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Sig. dwarfish.]
nodosa, see Trachydomia nodosa,
pricei, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
remex, White, 1876, Geo. Uinta Moun-
tains, Low. Aubrey Gr. [Sig. a rower.]
shumardi, McChesney, 1860, (Natica
shumardi) Desc. New Pal. Foss., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
subovata, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat
ovate.]
ventricosa, Norwood & Pratten, 1855,
(Natica ventricosa) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. ventricose.]
wheeleri, Swallow, 1860, (Littorina
wheeleri) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Omphalotrochus, Meek, 1864, Geo. California.
A name proposed as a subgenus of
Euomplialus or Straparollus.
Ophileta, Yanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. ophis, a snake.]
abdita, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. concealed.]
(?) bella, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
compacta, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. com-
pact.]
complanata, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
disjuncta, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. disjoined.]
levata, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. polished,
smoothed.]
nerine, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
ottawaensis, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
owenana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Galena Gr. [Ety.
proper name. ]
profunda, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. deep.]
sordida, Hall, 1847, (Maclurea sordida)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
paltry.]
uniangulata, Hall, 1847, (Euomphalus uni-
angulatus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Calcifer.
Gr. [Sig. one angled ; from the angu-
lar line on one whorl.]
GASTEROPODA.
155
Orthonema, Meek & Worthen, 1801, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. orthos,
straight; nema, a thread.]
conicum, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
a cone.]
newberryi, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
salteri, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Eunema (?)
salteri) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Low. Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
subtamiatum, Geinitz, 1866, (Murchisonia
subtseniata) Carb. und Dyas in Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat banded.]
Orthanychia, Hall, 1843, syn. for Platyceras.
Orthostoma, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. orthos , straight ; stoma,
mouth.]
commune, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., figured in 1841, Birdseye Gr. [Sig.
common.]
Pal,eacm;ea, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep.N. Y.
[Ety. palaios, ancient ; Acmxa, an ex-
isting genus of shells.]
typica, Hall, 1873, 23d Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. type of the genus.]
Phanerotixus, Sowerby, 1842, Min. Conch.
[Ety. phaneros, aperture ; teino, ex-
tended.]
paradoxus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. para-
doxical.]
Phragmolites, syn. for Cyrtolites.
compressus, see Cyrtolites compressus.
Phragmostoma, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. phragmos, a partition, stoma, the
mouth ; from the septum within the
aperture.]
cumulus, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. a heap.]
cymbula, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. a small boat.]
natator, Hall, 1862, loth Reg. Rep., Por-
tage and Ham. Gr. [Sig. a swimmer.]
The same species Hall identified with
Bellerophon expansus of Sowerby, in
1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.
Pileopsis tubifer, syn. for Platyceras dumosum.
vetustus, Sowerby. Not American.
Planorbis, Guettard, 1756, Mem. Acad. Sc.
Paris.
trilobatus, see Bucania trilobatus.
Platyceras, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. plati/s, broad ; keras, horn.]
agreste, Hali, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. pertaining to
the fields, coarse.]
ammon, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
angulatum, Hall, 1852, (Acroculia angu-
lata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clinton and
Niagara Gr. [Sig. angulated.]
arcuatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bent.]
argo, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
attenuatum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. attenuated.]
attenuatum. Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Cornif. Gr. This name was
preoccupied.]
auriculatum, Hall, 1876, Ulust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. eared.]
billingsi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
biserialis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Iowa,
vol. 1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing two rows.]
bisinuatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. double-sin-
uated.]
bisulcatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. double-
furrowed.]
bucculentum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. large mouthed.]
calantica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like a covering
for the head.]
callosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y ; , vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. having a
thick skin.]
campanulatum, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. bell-shaped.]
capulus, Hall, 1860, Supp. Geo. Iowa,
Burlington Gr. [Sig. a coffin.]
carinatum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
cirriformis, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y. Not clearlv defined,
clavatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. club-like.]
concavum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. concave.]
conicum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. conical.]
corniforme, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. in the
form of a horn.]
crassum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. thick.]
curvirostrum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bent-beaked.]
cymbium, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a small drinking
vessel.]
cyrtolites, McChesney, 1859, Pal. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. curved stone.]
dentalium, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a plough share.]
dilatatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. dilated.]
dumosum, Conrad, 1S40, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. bushy.]
dumosum far. rarispinum, Hall, 1862, 15th
Reg. Rep., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. few
spined.]
echinatum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. set with spines.]
elongatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. lengthened.]
156
GASTEROPODA.
equilateralis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to vol. 1,
pt. 2, Iowa Rep., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
equal-sided.]
erectum, Hall, 1843, (Acroculia erecta)
Geo. 4th Dist. N. Y., Cornif. & Ham.
Gr. [Sig. erect, straight.]
expanms, see Strophostvlus expansus.
fissurella, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
a little cleft.]
fornicatuin, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. arched.]
fornicatum var. contractum, Hall, 1876,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. contracted.]
gebhardi, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Low. Held, and Oriskany Gr. [Ety.
proper name..]
gibbosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
haliotoides, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. like the Haliotus or ear-shell.]
incile, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. having gutters.]
infundibulum, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. a funnel.]
intermedium, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. . [Sig. intermediate
in size.]
lamellosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. with many
plates.]
lodiense, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
magnificum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. mag-
nificent.]
multisinuatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
many depressions.]
multispinosum, Meek, 1871, Pn:c. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing many spines.]
nebrascense, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
newberryi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
niagarense, Hall, 1852, (Acroculia niag-
arensis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nodosum, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. knobbed.]
obesum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. plump in form.]
ovale, Stevens, 1858, (Acroculia ovalis)
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 25, Carboniferous.
[Sig. oval.]
patulum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. spread out.]
pentalobus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. five-lobed.]
perlatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very wide.]
perplexum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. obscure.]
perplicatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very much
plicated.]
pileiforme, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. cap-shaped.]
platystoma, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. broad-mouthed.]
platystoma var. alveatum, Hall, 1859,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
channeled.]
plicatile, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. in small folds.]
plicatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. folded.]
primsevum, Billings, 1871, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 6, Quebec Gr. [Sig. first-
born.]
primordiale, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. the first of all.]
pyramidatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. pyramid-
formed.]
quincyense, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
reflexum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. turned
back.]
retrorsum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. turned back-
ward.]
retrorsum var. abnorme, Hall, 1859, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
out of the usual order or form.]
reversum, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Geo. Rep.
Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. turned or bent back.].
rictum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
& Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. open-mouthed.]
robustum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. robust.]
senex, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, (Porcel-
lia senex) Mem. Bost.'Soe. Nat. Hist.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. old, wrinkled.]
sinuatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. marked with
depressions.]
spinigerum, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Sig. spine-
bearing.]
spirale, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. spiral.]
subnodosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. some-
what knotty, or marked with short
projections.]
subplicatum, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. somewhat folded.]
subrectum, Hall, 1859, 12th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
straight.]
mbrectum, Hall, 1860, Supp. to Iowa Rep.
The name being preoccupied, Meek &
Worthen proposed P. infundibulum.
subundatum, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep.
N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
waved.]
GASTEEOPODA.
157
ettbundatum, Meek & Worthen. 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. The
name was preoccupied,
sulcatum, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N, Y.,
Oriskanv sandstone. [Sig. furrowed.]
sulcoplicatiim, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. thrown up in
plications.]
svmmetricum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. & Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. sym-
metrical.]
tenuiliratum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. fine-lined.]
thetis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
thetis var. subspinosum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat spinv.]
tortum, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. twisted.]
tortuosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskanv sandstone. [Sig. very much
twisted.]
trigonale, Stevens, 1858, (Acroculia tri-
gonalis) Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol.
25, Carboniferous. [Sig. triangular.]
trilobatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. three-lobed.]
tubajforme, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. trumpet-shaped.]
uncum, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
crooked, hooked.]
undatum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
uudulostriatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
waved stria?.]
unguiforme, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. claw-shaped.]
uniseriale, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal.Ont.,
Devonian. [Sig. having a single row
or series.]
unisulcatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. one-furrowed.]
ventricosum, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. X.
Y., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bulging out.]
vomerium, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. a plow
share.]
Platystoma, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. platys, broad ;
stoma, mouth.]
affine, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. related to.]
aplata, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. without lines.]
arenosum, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
sandy.]
defiguratum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. disfigured.]
depressum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
euomphaloides, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devo-
nian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Euomphalus.]
hemisphericum, Hall, 1843, (Euomphalus
hemispherica) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. hemispherical.]
lichas, see Isonema lichas.
lineatum, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Cornif. Gr. [Sig. lined.]
lineatum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. The
name was preoccupied,
lineatum var. amplum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. full,
large.]
lineatum var. callosum, Hall, I876^111ust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick,
hard.]
lineatum car. sinuosum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. wavy,
sinuous.]
nana, see Naticopsis nana,
niagarense, . Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
peoriense, McChesnev, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
plebeium, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. common.]
pleurotoma, Hall, 1876, Illust, Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. from the
genus Pleurotoma.']
strophium, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. twisted or turned.]
subangulatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
angular.]
trigonostoma, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Niagara Gr. [Sig. triangu-
lar-mouthed.]
tumida, see Pleurotomaria tumida.
turbinatum, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. cone-shaped.]
turbinatum var. cochleatum, Hall, 1876,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. spiral-formed.]
unisulcatum, Conrad, 1842, (Pleurotomaria
unisulcata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Up. Held Gr. [Sig. having one
depression.]
ventricosum, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
ventricose.]
Platyschisma, McCoy, 1844,Syn.Carb. Foss.,
Ireland. [Ety. platys, wide ; schisma,
a slit.]
dubium, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. doubtful.]
helicoides, (?) Sowerby, 1829, (Ampularia
helicoides) Min. Conch., vol. 8, Coal
Meas. [Sig. resembling a shell of the
genus Helix.]
Plectostylus, Conrad, 1842, Syn. for Macro-
cheilus.
hildrethi, see Macrocheilus hildrethi.
Plfarotomaria, Def ranee, 1826, Diet. Sci.
Nat., 41. [Ety. Pleura, side ; tome, cut
or notch.]
abrupta, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. terminat-
ing suddenly.]
158
GASTEROPODA.
advena, Winchell, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 2d series, vol. 37. Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. a stranger.]
agarista, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
agave, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ambigua, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
americana, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
amphitrite, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Chazy or Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
angulata, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. This name was preoccupied
by Sowerby.
antiquata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. antiquated.]
aperta, see Raphistoma apertum.
apicalis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. apical.]
arabella, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
arachne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
arata, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. furrowed.]
axion, Hall, 1867,20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
beckwithana, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
biangulata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. double-angled, from
the two angular elevations on each
whorl.]
bicarinata, McChesney, 1860. This name
was preoccupied and the species is
now called P. turbiniformis.
Mix, see Cyclonema bilix.
bispiralis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. two-whorled.]
bonharborensis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
brazoensis, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
calcifera, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. from the Cal-
ciferous Group.]
calphurnia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
calyx, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. a cup.]
canadensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
capillaria, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. pertain-
ing to hair.]
carbonaria, Norwood & Pratten, 1855,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to coal.]
casii, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cavumbilicata, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
having a hollow umbilicus.]
chesterensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Chester Gr.
[Ety. proper name.] •
cliesterensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. The name
was preoccupied,
circe, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
concava. Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. The name was pre-
occupied by Deshayes in 1824-'36.
conoides, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. The
name was preoccupied by Deshayes
in 1831.
conulus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. a little cone.]
coronula, syn. for P. sphaerulata.]
coxana, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
crevieri, Billings, 1859. Can. Nat. &Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cryptata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.,
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. concealed.]
cyclonemoides, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
like a Cyclonema.]
deiopea, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
delia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. mythological name.]
delicatula, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very deli- •
cate.]
delphinuloides, Goldfuss, as identified by
d'Archiac & Verneuil. Not American,
depauperata, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. impoverished.]
depressa, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. The name was preoccu-
pied by Passy in 1832, by Phillips in
1836, and by Koninck in 1841.
disjuncta, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. disjoined.]
dispersa, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. dispersed.]
docens, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. teaching.]
doris, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie & Cornif. Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
tlryope, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss, vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ella, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss., .
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
GASTEROPODA.
159
elora, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
emrnetensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
estella, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
etna, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
eugenia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
euomphaloides, Hall, 186*2, 15th Reg.Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. like an Euomphalus.']
exigua, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. small, scanty.]
fllitexta, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. woven like
threads.]
galtensis, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
glandula, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. a little
kernel.]
gonopleura, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Bost.Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
having an angular rib.]
granulostriata, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Sig. granular and striated.]
grayvillensis, Norwood & Pratten, 1855,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2nd series, vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
gregaria, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. occurring
in masses.] ,
halei. Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.Wis.Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hallana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
halli, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
harpya, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
haydenana, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
hebe, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
helena, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hickmanensis, Winchell, Geo. of Tenn.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
hortensia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hoyi, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
humerosa, Meek & Hayden, 1858, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
humped.]
humilis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. small.]
humilis, Winchell, 1862. This name was
preoccupied.
huronensis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Portage Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hyale, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ida, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety.mythological name. ]
ignobilis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. ignoble.]
imitator, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. resembler.]
immatura, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. imma-
ture.]
indenta, Hall, 1847 ? Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. notched.]
inexspectans, Hall & Whitfield, 18 75,
Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
not expected.]
inornata, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. not adorned.]
insolita, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. rare.]
isaacsi, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep., Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
itys, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
kearneyi, Hall, 1861, 12th Reg. Rep., Up,
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
labrosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held Gr. [Sig. having lips.]
lapicida, see Raphistoma lapicidum.
laurentina, Billings, 1859,Can. Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 4, Calcif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
leavenworthana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
lenticularis, see Raphistoma lenticulare.
lineata, Hall, 1843, (Turbo lineatus) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y. This name was
preoccupied, and the fossil is now
called P. itys.
litorea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Me-
dina sandstone. [Sig. on the shore.]
lucina, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Cornif.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lucina var. perfasciata, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
much banded.]
lydia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
marcouana, Geinitz, 1866. Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
meekana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
micula, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
miser, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calcif. Gr. [Sig. paltry.]
missisquoi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, (Trochus
missouriensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
mitigata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. lessened.]
160
GASTEROPODA.
inuralis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn., Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
mural.]
nasoni, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
niota, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nodomarginata, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing a nodose margin.]
nodulosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
The name was preoccupied by Sand-
berger in 1842, and by King in 1844.
nodulostriata, Hall, 1848, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. nodulose
and striated.]
normani, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nucleolata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. like a little nut.]
numeria, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
obsoleta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
obtusispira, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
having a blunt spire.]
occidens, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. western.]
parvispira, Winchell, 1862, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
having a small spire.]
pauper, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. poor.]
pauper. Hall, 1865, 20th Reg. Rep. The
name was preoccupied.
percarinata, see Cyclonema percarinatum
perhumerosa, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. very humid.]
perlata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. very wide.]
perornata, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
highly ornamented.]
pervetusta, Conrad, 18 38, (Cyclostoma
pervetusta) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina
sandstone. [Sig. very ancient.]
piasaensis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
planidorsalis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. plane-backed.]
plena, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. full, large.]
postumia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
poulsoni, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Onondaga Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
pratteni, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Low. Coal Meas.
[Ety. pi-oper name.]
princessa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a princess.]
progne, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
proutana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
quadricostata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y. vol.
1, Birdseye Gr. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
quebecensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
quinquesulcata, Winchell, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
five-furrowed.]
ramsayi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
regulata, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. regular.]
riddlei, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
rota, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. a wheel.]
rotalia, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. wheeled.]
rotuloides, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig. like
a little wheel.]
rotunda, Hall, 1843, (Euomphalus (?) ro-
tundus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
rotundata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. This name was
preoccupied by Munster.
rotundispira, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having a
round spire.]
scitula, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal
Meas. [Sig. pretty, neat.]
selecta, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. -[Sig. choice, select.]
semele, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
shumardi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
sigaretoides, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, vol. 1, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Sigaretus. ]
sinistrorsa, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. turned
to the left.]
solarioides, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the
genus Solarium.]
speciosa, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal Meas.
[Sig. beautiful.]
sphserulata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
a widened sphere.]
spironema, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
spiral-lined.]
sponsa, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. betrothed.]
stella, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. a star.]
GASTEROPODA.
161
subangulata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
angular.]
subconica, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv., Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. somewhat conical.]
subconstricta, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal
Meas. [Sig. somewhat constricted.]
subdecussata, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Sig. some-
what arranged in pairs that ci'oss each
other.]
subdepressa, Hall, 1852, Pal. N.Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. somewhat
g
subscalaris, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat ladder-shaped.]
subsinuata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat sinuated.]
subtilistriata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. finely shaped.]
subturbinata, Meek & Hayden, 1872,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat top-shaped.]
sulcomarginata, Conrad, 1842, Jour.Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing the margin deeply furrowed.]
supracingulata, Billings", 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Trenton Gr. [Sig. encircled
with lines on the upper part.]
swallovana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sybillina, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foes.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
tabulata, Conrad, 1835, (Turbo tabulata)
Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., vol. 1, Coal
Meas. [Sig. tabulated.]
tectoria, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. rough cast.]
tenuicincta, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
finely girded.]
tenuistriata, Shumard, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
finely striated.]
textiligera, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Waverly Gr. [Sig. web-bearing.]
thalia, Billings," 1857, Rep. of Progr., Mid.
Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
trilineata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. three-lined.]
trilix, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. three-lined.]
trochiformis, Swallow, 1863,Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chester Gr. [Sig. like the
Trochus, or wheel-shell.] The name
was preoccupied by Portlock in 1843.
tropidophora, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 3rd series, vol. 4, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. keel-bearing.]
tumida, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Platy-
stoma tumida) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. tumid.] The name
was preoccupied by Phillips in 1836.
turbiniformis, Meek & Worthen, I860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
top-shaped.]
turgida, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. swollen.]
umbilicata, see Trochonema umbilicatum.
unimkata, see Platvceras unisulcatum.
vadosa, Hall, 1860, "l3th Reg. Rep., N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. shallow.]
vagans, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. dispersed.]
Valeria, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
valvatiformis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Sig. like the genus ValvataJ]
viola, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Sig. a violet.]
virgo, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. a virgin.]
virguncula, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. a little maid.]
vitruvia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
voltumna, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Ety. mythological
name.]
whitii, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, Hall, 1856, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Polyphemopsis, Portlock, 1843, Geol. Lon-
donderry. [Ety. Polyphe>7ius, a genus
of shells; opsis, appearance.]
bulimiformis, Hall, 1858, (Bulimella buli-
miformis) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. like a Bulimus.]
canaliculata, Hall, 1858, (Bulimella canal-
iculata) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, War-
saw Gr. [Sig. channeled or grooved.]
chrysalis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, Coal Meas. [Sig.
chrysalis.]
ehngata, Hall, 1858, (Bulimella elongata)
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. lengthened.] The name was
preoccupied by Portlock in 1843.
inornata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Lox-
onema inornata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. not
adorned.]
louisvillffi, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nitidula, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Lox-
onema nitidula) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. quite
neat.]
peracuta, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Euli-
ma (?) peracuta) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. very
sharp-pointed.]
Poecellia, Leveille, 1835, Mem. Soc. Geol.
France. [Etv. porcellus, a little pig.]
hertzeri, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
162
GASTEROPODA.
nais, Hall, 1862, (Gyroceras nais) 15th
Reg. Rep. N, Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
nodosa, Hall, 1860, Supp. to vol. 1, pt. 2,
Iowa Geo. Sur., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
knotty.]
obliquinoda, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr.
[Sig. oblique-knotted.]
rectinoda, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. straight-
noded.]
(?) rotatoria, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. whorled.]
sciota, Hall, 1873, 23rd Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
senex, see Platyceras senex.
Pupa, Humphrey, 1797, Museum Calonni-
anum. [Ety. Pupa, chrysalis shell.]
vermilionensis, Bradley, 4872, Am. Jour.
Sci., 3rd series, vol. 4, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
vetusta, Dawson, I860, Quar. Jour. Geo
Soc, vol. 16, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Raphistoma~ Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1
[Ety. raplie, seam or suture ; stoma
mouth.]
apertum, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. open.]
labiatum, Emmons, 1842, (Maclurea labi-
ata) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Calciferous Gr.
[Sig. having lips.]
lapicida, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Ety. from its resemblance to Helix
lapicida."]
lenticulare, Emmons, 1842, (Pleuroto
maria lenticularis) Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. lens-
shaped.]
planistria, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. having plane striae.]
planistria var. parvum, Hall, 1847, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. small.]
stamineum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. thready; having refer-
ence to the thread like striae on the
surface.]
striatum, Emmons,! 842, (Macluria striata)
Geo. Rep. N. Y, Chazy Gr. [Sig.
striated.]
subplanum, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
somewhat flat.]
Scalites, Conrad, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y. by
Emmons. [Ety. scala, a stair case.]
angulatus, Conrad, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.
by Emmons, Chazy Gr. [Sig. an-
gular.]
Solarium, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert.
leai, one of Troost's catalogue names.
Soleniscus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. soUniskos,
a little channel or gutter.]
hallanus, Geinitz, 1866, (Macrocheilus
hallanus) Carb. und Dyas in Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
typicus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. the type of the genus.]
Straparollina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1. [Ety. from the resemblance
to shells of the genus Straparollus.']
asperostriata, Billings, 1860, (Straparol-
lus asperostriatus) Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. roughly
striated.]
circe, Billings, 1860, (Straparollus circe)
Can. Nat. & Geol., vol. 5, Black Riv.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
eurydice, Billings, 1860, (Straparollus
eurydice) Can. Nat. & Geol., vol. 5,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pelagica, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. belonging to the
deep sea.]
remota, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss-., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. remote, at a dis-
tance.]
Straparollus, Montfort, 1810, Conch. Syst.,
vol. 2. [Ety. strabos, turned about.]
angulatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geo.
Chazy Gr. [Sig. angular.]
asperostriatus, see Straparollina asperos-
triata.
barrisi, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.T,
canadensis, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
circe, see Straparollina circe.
clymenioides, see Euomphalus clymehioi-
des.
cornudanus, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
daphne, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
eurydice, see Straparollina eurydice.
hippolyte, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,vol. 1,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
labiatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geo., Chazy
Gr. [Sig. lipped.]
lens, Hall, 1860, (Euomphalus lens) 13th
Reg. Rep., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. lens-
shaped.]
macromphalus, Winchell, 1863, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. having a large umbilicus.]
magnificus, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Carboniferous. [Sig.
magnificent.]
minnesotensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur.
Wis., Iowa and Minn., Calcif. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
mopsus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
niagarensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
GASTEROPODA.
163
pernodosus, Meek & Worth en, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
very nodose.]
planidorsatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
(Euomphalus planidorsatus) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig.
flat-hacked.]
planispira, Hall, 1858, (Euomphalus
planispira) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. having a flat spire.]
primordialis, Winchell, 1864, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2nd series, vol. 37, Pots-
dam Gr. [Sig. first in order.]
quadrivolvis, Hall, 1858, (Euomphalus
quadrivolvis) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. having four volu-
tions.]
similis, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. similar.]
similis var. planus, Meek & Worthen,
1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St.
Louis Gr. [Sig. level, flat.]
spergenensis, Hall, 1858, (Euomphalus
spergenensis) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, AVarsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
spergenensis var. planorbiformis, Hall,
1858, (Euomphalus spergenensis var.
planorbiformis) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Planorbis.
subquadratus, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat squared.]
subrugosus, Meek & Worthen, 1873, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat rugose.] Proposed instead
of Euomphalus rugosus of Hall, which
was preoccupied,
umbilicatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Eu-
omphalus umbilicatus) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the large umbilicus.]
valvatiformis, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
like the genus Valvata.]
whitneyi, Meek, 1864, Pal. California,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Streptaxis, Gray, 1837, in Mag. Nat. Hist.,
[Ety. stroptes, twisted ; axis, axis.]
whitfieldi, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Strophostylus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. strophe, turning round ; stylos,
column.]
andrewsi, Hall, 1859, Pa*. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
cancellatus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Oriskanv sandstone.
[Sig. latticed.]
cyclostomus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. circular-
mouthed.]
depressus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
elegans, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. elegant,]
expansus, Conrad, 1841, (Platyceras ex-
pansus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Oriskany
sandstone. [Sig. spread out,]
fitchi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
globosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. globular.]
matheri, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
obliquus, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal. Ont.,
Devonian. [Sig. oblique.]
obtusus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
N ovatus, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal. Ont.,
Devonian. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
rotundatus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
subglobosus, Nicholson, 1874, Rep. Pal.
Ont., Devonian. [Sig. somewhat
globose.]
transversus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. crosswise.]
unicus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Sig. single, alone.]
varians, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. variable.]
Stylifer, Broderip, 1829, in Sowerby, Gen.
Shells.
primigenia,see Macrocheilus primigenium.
Subulites, Conrad, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. subulites, awl-shaped — subulate.]
abbreviatus, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. shortened.]
brevis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. short.]
calciferus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. from
the Group.]
daphne, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
elongatus, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N.
Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. lengthened.]
inflatus, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
inflated, swollen.]
notatus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. marked.]
parvulus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
psyche, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
richardsoni, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
terebriformis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
auger-shaped.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara and Guelph Gr. [Sig. bulg-
ing out.]
Trachydomia, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. trachys, rough ;
doma, a house.]
164
GASTEROPODA.
hollidayi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Nati-
copsis hollidayi) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Low. Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
nodosum, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Nati-
copsis nodosa) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Low. Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the nodes on the surface.]
Tbkmanotus, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. trema, a hole ; notus, the back.]
alpheus, Hall, 1864, 18th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
trigonostoma, Hall & Whitfield, 1875,Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. triangu-
lar-mouthed.]
Tbochita, Schumacher, 1817, Essai N. Syst.
[Ety. trochus, a wheel.]
antiqua, see Xenophora antiqua.
carbonaria, Meek, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to
coal.]
Tbochonema, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1. [Ety. troches, a wheel ; nema,
a thread.]
emaceratum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. thin, lean.]
fatua, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
pauper, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. paltry, poor.]
pauper var. ohioense, Hall & Whitfield,
1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
rectilatera, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. straight-sided.]
tricarinatum, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
three-keeled.]
tricarinata, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. The name
was preoccupied,
umbilicatum, Hall, 1847, (Pleurotomaria
umbilicata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Chazy
to Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. navel-shaped.]
yandellanum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Trochus, Adanson, 1757, Voy. Senegal. [Ety.
trochus, a hoop.]
mwourienm, see Pleurotomaria missouri-
ensis.
Turbo, Klein, 1753, Tent. Meth. Ostr. [Ety.
turbo, a top.]
bicarinatus, Troost, 1840. Not defined.
dUumla, see Holopea dilucula.
guadalupensis, Shumard, 1859, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
limatus, see Pleurotomaria lineata.
obesus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
plump in form.]
(?) obscura, see Holopea obscura.
tabulate, see Pleurotomaria tabulata.
tennesseerum, see Cyclonema tennesseense.
texanus, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
TurbonUla, Leach, 1826, Risso Eur. Merid. 4.
[Ety. diminutive of Turbo, a genus of
shells.]
swaltovana, see Aclis swallovana.
Tubritella, Lainarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. turriiella, a little tower.]
stevenana, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Xenophoba, Fischer, 1806, Museum Demi-
dovianum. [Ety. xenos, a log or body ;
phoros, bearing.]
antiqua, Meek, 1871, (Trochita antiqua)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cornifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
Zonites, Montfort, 1810, Conch. Syst. [Ety.
zone, a belt.]
priscus, Carpenter, 1867, Quar. Jour.Geo.
Soc, vol. 23, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
CLASS CEPHALOPODA.
FAMILY ASCOCERATID.E — Ascoceras, Conoceras, Glossoceras.
FAMILY CERIOLIDjE.— Beatrkea.
FAMILY CYRTOCERATID.E.— Cyrtoceras, Cyrtocerina, Oncoceras.
FAMILY GOMPHOCER A.TID,E.-^Gomphoceras.
FAMILY GONIATITID,E.— Goniatites.
FAMILY GYROCERATID.E.— Gyroceras.
FAMILY NAUTILID.E.— Discites, Lituites, (?) Nautilus, Pteronautilus, Solenocheilus,
Temnocheilus, Trematodiscus, Trocholites. (?)
FAMILY ORTHOCERATID^E.— Actinoceras, Cameroceras, Colpoceras, Diploceras,
Endoceras, Gonioceras, Huronia, Orruoceras, Orthoceras, Piloceras.
FAMILY PHRAGMOCERATID.E.— Phragmoceras, Streptoceras.
FAMILY TROCHOCERATID.E.— Trochoceras.
INCERTJE SEDIS.— Discosorus, Seerichnites.
Actinoceras, Bronn, 1837, Lethaea Geognos-
tica. [Ety. aktin, a ray; keras, a horn.]
bigsbyi, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soe.,
2nd series, vol. 5, Chazy Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
inops, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. meagre.]
lyoni, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geol. Soc, vol.
5, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
richardsoni, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geol.
Soc., 2nd series, vol. 5, Silurian. [Ety.
proper name.]
simmsi, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5, Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
Ascoceras, Barrande, 1848, Haidinger's Ber-
ichte. [Ety. askos, a leather bottle;
keras, horn.]
anticostiense, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
canadense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
newberryi, Billings. 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. & Anticosti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Beatricea, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
[Ety. proper name.] This genus is
supposedly Hyatt, (Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 1865)* to belong to the class
Cephalopoda, and he proposed a new
order for the genus, to wit: Cerioliles,
from kerkm, a honey comb; lithos, a
stone, and a new family Ceriolidx.
nodulosa, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. & Mid. Sil. [Sig. having
small knots.]
undulata, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Sig. wavy.]
Cameroceras, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 8. [Ety. kamara, a
chamber; keras, horn.]
trentonense, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Colpoceras, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep. N.Y.
[Ety. kolpos, a furrow; keras, horn.]
virgatum, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Birdseye and Black Riv. Gr.
[Sig. wand-like.]
Clymenia, Munster, 1832. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
complanata, see Goniatites complanatus.
erato, see Goniatites erato.
Comities, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefactenkunde,
etc. [Ety. konos, a cone ; lithos, stone.]
capricornulm, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn. Not satisfactorily denned.
Conoceras, Bronn, 1835, Leth. Geogn.
[Ety. konos, a cone ; keras, horn.]
angulosum, Bronn, 1834, Leth. Geogn.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. full of corners.]
Conotubvlaria, Troost, syn. for Orthoceras.
brongniarli, see Orthoceras brongniarti.
cuvieri, see Orthoceras cuvieri.
defrancii, see Orthoceras defrancii.
goldfussi, see Orthoceras goldfussi.
Convlites, Cozzens, 1848. Not satisfactorily
defined.
angulosum, Cozzens, 1848. Not satisfac-
torily defined. It may be a plant.
166
CEPHALOPODA.
Cryptoceras, D'Orbigny, 1850. [Ety. kryptos,
concealed; kerns, horn.] This name
was preoccupied by Latreille for a
genus of insects, and had been previ-
ously used by Barrande for a genus
ot Cephalopods.
capax, see Solenocheilus capax.
Cybtocekas, Goldfuss, 1832, in De la Beche's
Handbuch der Geognosie bearbeitet
von v. Deschen. [Ety. kurtos, curved ;
keras, horn.]
absens, Hall, 1876, Must. Devonian Foss.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. absent, distant.]
alethes, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
amplicorne, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a large horn.]
annulatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
ringed.] This name was preoccupied
by Goldfuss in 1832.
arcticameratum, Hall, 1852, Pal. X.Y.,vol.
2, Guelph Gr. [Sig. close-chambered.]
arcuatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. bent ; in allusion
to the arched chambers.] The name
was preoccupied by Steininger in 1830,
see D'Archiac & Verneuil, Memoir on
Pal. Foss., 1842.
aristides, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
beta, Hall, 1862, (Gomphoceras beta) 15th
Reg. Rep., Schoharie grit. [Sig. a
Greek letter.]
billingsi, Salter, 1859, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 1, Chazy or Black Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
bondi, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn., Nash-
ville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
brevicorne, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. short-horned.]
camurum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. crooked.]
cancellatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. cancellated.] The
name was preoccupied by Roemer in
1844.
carrollense, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.
vol. 6, Galena Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
clavatum, Hall, 1876, Must. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. club-
shaped.]
clitus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
conicum, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min. Lands,
Up. Magnesian Gr. [Sig. conical,
tapering to a point.]
conradi, Hall, 1860, (Gomphoceras con-
radi) 13th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
constrictostriatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. constricted
and striated.]
corniculum, Hall, 1862, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. a little horn.] The
name was preoccupied by Barrande in
1848, and again by Eichwald in 1860.
corydon, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
curtum, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. short.] Was this name preoccu-
pied by Eichwald ?
dardanus," Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Geo.
Sur. of Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
dictys, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
dictyum, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Devonian. [Sig. a net.]
dilatatum, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. widened, spread out.]
dorsatum, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. high-
backed.]
eugenium, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Ety. proper name.]
eugium, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. fertile.]
exiguum, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig. little, small.]
falx, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr., Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. a sickle.]
filosum, Emmons, 1842, Nat. Hist. N. Y.,
vol. 4, Trenton Gr. [Sig. covered with
thread-like markings.]
fosteri, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
fragile, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. frail, easily
broken. ]
gibbosum, Hall, 1876, Must. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
giganteum, McChesney, Jan. 1860, New
Pal. Foss., Niagara Gr. In 1861
McChesney referred this species to
the genus Lituites, and proposed for it
the name Lituites cancellatux. Prof.
Hall, in the meantime, described it
as Lituites occiderdalls. It is now re-
ferred to the genus Nautilus, and as
both the earlier names were preoccu-
pied, McChesney's name cancellatus
has precedence.
hercules, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, (Lit-
uites hercules) Mem. Bost. Soc Nat.
Hist., Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
hertzeri, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
huronense, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Black Riv. or Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
isidorus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Black
Riv. or Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
CEPHALOPODA.
187
jaws, see Streptoceras jarlus.
jason, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Ety. mythological name.]
juvenalis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Tren-
ton Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
lamellomm, Hall* 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. having many thin
plates.] The name was preoccupied
by D'Archiac & Yerneuil in 1842.
laterale, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. lateral.]
ligarius, Billings, 1875, Pal. Foss., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
liratum, Hall, 1862,15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
loculosum, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Prog. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. partitioned.]
lucillus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
lysander, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
macrostomum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
long-mouthed.]
magister, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour, of Sci., vol. 2, Gin'ti Gr. [Sig.
the chief.]
marginale, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. [Sig. bordered.] The name was
preoccupied by Phillips in 1841.
massiense, Saftbrd, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Nashville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
matheri, see Gyroceras matheri.
maccoyi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol." 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
maximum, see Nautilus maximus.
mercurius, see Cyrtocerina mercurius.
metellus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
metula, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. a little obelisk.]
missisquoi, Billings, 18 65, Pal. Foss.,
(Orthoceras missisquoi) Quebec Gr.
[Etv. proper name.]
morsum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. bitten off.]
multicameratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
many-chambered.]
niyrice,Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
neleus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
obscumm, S. A. Miller, changed to magister
because obscumm was preoccupied.
ohioense, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
orcas, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Geo. Sur.
Wis., Niagara Gr. Subsequently re-
ferred by Hall to the genus Oncoceras,
see 20th Reg. Rep.
orestes, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
orion, Hall, 1876, Ulust. Devonian Fobs.,
Schoharie grit, [Ety. mythological
name.] This name was preoccupied
by Barrande.
orodes, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Guelph
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
postumius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pusillum, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. very small.]
regulare, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
regular.]
rigidum, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
rockfordense, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Kinderhook (?) Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
sacculus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, (Gom-
phoceras sacculum) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little sack.]
sepfora, Hall, see Gomphoceras septore.
simplex, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. &Trenton Gr. [Sig. simple.]
sinuatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. marked with
depressions.]
gpinosum, see Gyroceras spinosum.
stonense, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
subrectum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
straight,]
subturbinatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat top-shaped.]
surgens, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 4me serie, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
rising.]
syphax, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
tesselatum, de Koninck. Not American.
transversum, see Gyroceras transversuin.
trentonense, Emmons, 1842, (Orthoceras
trentonensis) Geo. Rep. N.Y., Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
trivohig, see Gyroceras trivolve.
typicum, see Cyrtocerina typica.
undulatum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. wavy.]
undulatum, Vanuxem, see Gyroceras un-
dulatum.
unicorne, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. one-
horned.]
vallandighami, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ventricosum, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. bulging out; rapidly enlarging.]
whitnevi, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyrtocerina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss. [Ety.
from the termination inus, signifying
resemblace to Cyrtoceras.]
mercurius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
CEPHALOPODA.
typica, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Black
Riv. Gr. [Sig. type of the genus.]
Diplockras, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. diploos, double;
keras, horn.]
vanuxemi, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Discites, DeHaan, 1825, Mongr. Amnion.,
etc. [Ety. diskos, a quoit.]
disciformis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. in the shape of a quoit.]
highlandensis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
ornatus, syn. for Nautilus marcellensis.
tuberculatus, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Low. Carb. [Sig.
covered with tubercles.]
Discosorus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. ¥., vol. 2.
[Ety. diskos, a quoit; sows, a heap or
pile.]
conoideus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig. conical.]
Endoceras, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. eridos, within; keras, horn.]
This genus seems to be founded upon
the same fossils that Conrad previ-
ously founded his genus Diploceras
upon,
angusticameratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. narrow-
chambered.]
annulatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. ringed.]
approximatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. approximat-
ing-]
arctiventrum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. arctus, close;
venter, a cavity.]
atlanticum, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 2d ser., 4me, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
Atlantic]
distans, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. distant.]
duplicatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. doubled.]
gemelliparum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. twins, in allu-
sion to the two embryo-tubes enclosed
within the siphuncle.]
insulare, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 2d ser., 4me, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
belonging to an island.]
lativentrum, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Ety. lotus, broad ;
venter, cavity.]
longissimum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
of unusual length.]
magniventrum, Hall, 1847, Pal. <S. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. magnus,
large ; venter, cavity.]
marcoui, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 2d ser., 4me, Quebec Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
multitubulatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
having manv pipes.]
proteiforme, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
having many shapes.]
proteiforme var. elongatum, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
lengthened.]
proteiforme var. lineolatum, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
marked with fine lines.]
proteiforme var. strangulatum, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
constricted.]
proteiforme var. tenuistriatum, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
fine-lined.]
proteiforme var. tenuitextum, Hall, 1847,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
finely woven.]
rapax, Billings, 1860, (Orthoceras rapax)
Can. Nat. & Geol., vol. 5, Black Riv.
Gr. [Sig. ravenous.]
rottermundi, Barrande, 1866, (Orthoceras
rottermundi) S3'st. Sil. de Boh., 2d
ser., 2me, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
subcentrale, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. nearly central.]
Endolobus, Meek & Worthen, 18 65, Proc.
Acad. Nat, Sci. Phil. [Ety. endos,
within; lobos, a lobe.] Prof. Meek
said later that this genus is not distinct
from TemnocJieilus, and if distinct it
would probably be a synonym for
Montfort's genus Bisiphites.
peramplus, see Temnocheilus peramplum.
spectabUis, see Temnocheilus spectabile.
Glossoceras, Barrande, 1865, Cephalopoda
of Bohemia, vol. 2. [Ety. glosse, the
tongue ; keras, a horn.]
desideratum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Clinton Gr. [Sig. rare.]
Gomphoceras, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. gomplios, a club ; keras, a
horn.]
beta, see Cyrtoceras beta.
conradi, see Cyrtoceras conradi.
eos, Hall & Whitfield. 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. the dawn.]
eximium, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. choice, unparalleled.]
fischeri, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marcyse, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
Syn. for G. scrinium.
obesum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Utica Gr. [Sig. plump in form.]
omicron, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. a letter
of the Greek alphabet.]
oviforme, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
saccidum, see Cvrtoceras sacculum.
scrinium, Hall, 1864, 20th, Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a casket.]
CEPHALOPODA.
septore, Hall, 1867, 20th Peg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. septern, seven ; os-oris,
a mouth.]
subgracile, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Up. Sil. [Sig. somewhat slender.]
turbiniforme, Meek & AVorthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. formed like a top.]
Goniatites, DeHaan, 1825, Monogr. Am-
monites et Goniatites. [Ety. gcmia,
an angle : lithos, stone.] This name, it
seems, should be spelled Gonialites.
allei, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour. Sci., 2nd
series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
bicostatus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. double-
ribbed.]
chemungensis, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo.
Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
chemungensis car. jequicostatus, Hall,
1875, 27th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. equal-ribbed.]
. choctawensis, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
compactus, Meek & Worthen, 1875, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
compact.]
complanatus, Hall, 1843, (Clymenia (?)
complanatus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist, N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
complanatus var. perlatus, Hall, 1875,
27th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. very wide.]
discoideus, *Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N.Y.,Ham. Gr. [Sig. disc-like.]
discoideus var. ohioensis, Hall, 1874,
27th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
entogonus, Gabb, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Carboniferous. [Sig. angular
within.]
erato, Hall, 1862, (Clymenia erato) 15th
Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
expansus, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
3rd Dist. N. Y., Marcellus shale. [Sig.
expanded.]
globulosus, Meek & AVorthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. like a small ball.]
hathawayanus, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
holmesi, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
houghtoni, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2d ser.,vol. 33, Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hyas, Hall, Dec, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. mythological name.]
. iowensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
ixion, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. This species is founded on the
form which has been identified with
the European species O. rotatoriim.
[Ety. mythological name.]
lyoni, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinderhook (?)
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marcellenm, see Nautilus marcellensis.
marshallensis, Winchell, 1862, Am Jour
Sci., 2d ser., vol. 33, Marshall Gr.'
[Ety. proper name.]
minimus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. very
small.]
mithrax, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mithrax, a preci-
ous stone.]
morganensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chouteau or Che-
mung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nolinensis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name 1
nundaia, Hall, 1875, 27th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
orbicella, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little circle.]
osagensis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
oweni, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oweni var. parallelus, Hall, 1860, 13th
Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr. [Sig. parallel.]
parvus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. small ]
patersoni, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N.
Y, Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
peracutus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very acute.]
planorbiformis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Sur.
Mo., Coal Meas. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Planvrbis.]
politus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. smoothed.]
propinquus, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2nd series, vol. 33, Mar-
shall Gr. [Sig. related.]
punctatus, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. dotted.]
pygmseus, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
rotatorius, DeKoninck, 1843, Desc. des
Anim. Foss. du Terr. Carb. See G.
ixion.
shumardanus, AVinchell, 1865, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2nd series, vol. 33, Mar-
shall Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
simulator, Hall, 1875, 27th Reg. Rep.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. a dissembler.]
sinuosus, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. full of fur-
rows.]
suMferus, Winchell. Not defined,
texanus, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
170
CEPHALOPODA.
uniangularis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad,
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. one
angled.]
unilobatus, Hall, 1875, 27th Reg. Eep.
N.Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. one-lobed.]
whitii, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat,
Sci., Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Gonioceras, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. gonia, an angle; kera.% a horn.]
anceps, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
occidentale, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.
Wis., Trenton Gr. [Sig. western.]
Gykoceras, DeKoninck, 1841, Desc. An.
Foss. Belg. [Ety. gyros, circle; km-as,
a horn.] Not Gyroceratites of Meyer,
1829.
americanum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Geo. Sur., Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
bannisteri, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc Nat. Hist. See Trochoceras
bannisteri.
burlingtonense, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur.
Wis., Iowa& Minn., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
constrictum, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Ham. Gr. [Sig. con-
stricted.]
cornutum, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min.
Lands, Devonian. [Sig. horned.]
cyclops, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
eryx, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
expansum, Saeman, Dunker & Von Meyer,
1853, Palaeontographica, vol. 4, Mar-
cellus shale. See Nautilus buccinum.
gracile, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
hartti, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
inelegans, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. not
elegant.]
jason, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Schoharie grit. [Ety. proper name.]
liratum, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Mar-
cellus shale. [Sig. furrowed.]
logani, Meek, 1868, Trans. Chi. Acad.
Sci., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
magnijicum, see Lituites magnificus.
matheri, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
(Cyrtoceras matheri) Low. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nais, see Porcellia nais.
nereus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Cornif-
erous Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
numa, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat: & Geol.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ohioense, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
paucinodum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having few
knots.]
(?) rockfordense, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
(Nautilus (Cryptoceras) rockfbrdensis)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
spinosum, Conrad, 1840, (Phragmoceras
spinosum) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Schoharie
grit. [Sig. spiny.]
subliratum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham Gr. [Sig. somewhat like
G. Kratum.]
transversum, Hall, 1860, (Cyrtoceras
transversum) 13th Reg. Rep., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. crosswise.]
trivolve, Conrad, 1840, (Cyrtoceras tri-
volvis) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. three-whorled.]
undulatum, Vanuxem, 1843, (Cyrtoceras
undulatum) Geo. Rep. N. Y, Low-
Held. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
vagans, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Geo. Sur., Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
wandering.]
validum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. strong.]
Huronia, Stokes, 1823, Geo. Trans., n. s., vol.
1. [Ety. proper name.] When this
genus was proposed, the author
thought he was describing a coral.
Prof. Billings says that the name was
proposed for the siph uncle of an Or-
thoceras, and is, therefore, merely a
synonym.
annulata, v Hall, 1851, Lake Superior Land
Dist. by Foster & Whitney, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. ringed.]
bigsbyi, Stokes, 1823, Trans.Geo. Soc.,vol.
1, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minuens, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 2d series, vol. 4, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. diminished.]
obliqua, Stokes. 1823, Trans. Geo. Soc.,
2nd series, vol. 1, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
oblique.]
portlocki, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5, Clinton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
sphseroidalis, Stokes, 1823, Trans. Geo.
Soc, 2nd series, vol. 1, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. spherical.]
turbinata, Stokes, 1823, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 1, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
top-shaped.]
vertebralis, Stokes, 1823, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 1, Niagara and Clinton
Gr. [Sig. vertebra-like.] See Ortho-
ceras canadense.
Hydnoceras, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. hydnm, a truffle;
keras, a horn.] See Dictyophyton, a
plant.
tuberosum, see Dictyophyton tuberosum.
Lituites, Montfort, 1808, Conch. Syst. [Ety.
lituus, a trumpet.]
apollo, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Calcif.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
CEPHALOPODA.
in
cancellatus, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Fos8., Niagara Gr. See L. occidentalis
and Nautilus cancellatus and N. occiden-
talis. If this species, as Prof. Hall
suggests, is a true Nautilus, McChes-
ney's name has precedence.
capax, Hall, 1860, Rep. of Progr. Geo.
Sur. Wis. See Nautilus capax.
complanatus, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
convolvans, (?) Schlotheim, 1813, in Jahr-
buch, (Hall, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1) Black
Riv. Gr. [Sig. wrapping together.]
farnsworthi, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
graftonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1869,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hercules, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
Syn. for Cyrtoceras amplicorne. See
20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.
imperator, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Sig. the chief.]
magnificus, Billings, 1857, (Gyroceras
magnificum) Rep. of Progr., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. magnificent.]
marshi, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
occidentalis, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. This species
is now referred by Prof. Hall to the
genus Nautilus, see 20th Reg. Rep.
It was first described by McChesney,
Jan. 1860, as Cyrtoceras giganteum, but
that name being preoccupied, in 1861
he proposed Lituites cancellatus. If it
is a Nautilus, the word occidentalis be-
ing preoccupied, McChesney's name
cancellatus has precedence.
ortoni, Meek, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
palinurus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
pluto, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
robertsoni, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.
Wis., Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
undatus, Emmons, 1842, (Inachus un-
datus) Geo. Rep. N.Y., Black Riv. and
Trenton Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
undatus var. occidentalis, Hall, 1861, Rep.
of Progr. Wis., Black Riv. & Trenton
Gr. [Sig. western.]
Nautilus, Breynius, 1732, Dissert. Polyth.
[Ety. Naidilos, a sailor or navigator.]
avonensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
avus, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de Boh.,
vol. 4, Quebec Gr. [Sig. an ancestor.]
barrandi, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
biserialis, Hall, 1860, Supp. to vol. 1, pt.
2, Iowa Geo. Sur., Coal Meas. [Sig. in
two series.] This is probably a syn.
for N. occidentalis.
buccinum, Hall, 1876, Illust, Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a sea-trumpet.]
This species was referred to Gyroceras
expaiuum.
calciferus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Calcif-
erous Gr. [Ety. from the Calciferous
Group.]
cancellatus, McChesney, 1861, (Lituites
cancellatus) New Pal. Foss., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. cross-barred.]
canaliculars, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. grooved.]
capax, Hall, 1860, (Lituites capax) Rep.
of Progr. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. large.]
capax, Meek & Worthen, 1865. This
was preoccupied and must yield unless
it can be retained in the subgenus
Solenoclieilus, which see.
chesterensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clarkanus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
colltctus, see Solenocheilus collectum.
cornulum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little horn.]
coxanus, see Temnocheilus coxanum.
decoratus, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. decorated.]
desertus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. deserted.]
digonus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. two-cornered.]
disciformis, see Discites disciformis.
discoidalw, see Trematodiscus discoidalis.
divisus, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. The
name was preoccupied by Meyer in
1831.
eccentricus, Meek& Hayden, 1858, Trans.
Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Permian Gr. [Ety.
ek, from ; kentron, center.]
ferox, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Calcifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. fierce.]
ferratus, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. covered with iron.]
forbesanus, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
gilpini, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
globatus, Sovverby, 1825, Min. Conch.,
Chester Gr. [Sig. made round.]
hercules, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.
Can. Geo. Sur., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
highlandensis, see Discites highlandensis.
illinoisensis, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
ingentior, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr. [Sig.
larger, enormous.]
insolens, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. rare, unusual.]
172
CEPHALOPODA.
jason, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
lasellensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Up. Coal Meas
[Ety. proper name.]
latus, see Temnocheilus latum,
lawsi, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. {Ety. proper
name.]
leidyi, see Solenocheilus leidyi.
marcellensis, Vanuxem, 1842, i Goniatites
marcellensis) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
maximus, Conrad, 1838, (Cyrtoceras max-
imus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. the largest.]
meekanus, see Trematodiscus meekanus.
missouriensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
natator, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. a swimmer.]
niotensis, see Temnocheilus niotense.
nodocarinatus, McChesney, syn. for N.
occidentalis.
nodoso-dorsatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
nodosus, knotty; dorsatus, high-backed.]
occidentalis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
wfistern "I
occidentalis, Hall, 1860, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. This name being preoc-
cupied, McChesney's name, cancellatus,
has precedence. See Lituites cancel-
latus.
oriens, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Marcellus shale. [Sig. the east.]
ornatus, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. See
Discites ornatus.
permianus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
planidorsalis, see Trematodiscus planidor-
salis.
planorbiformis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Sig. shaped like a shell of the genus
PlanorbisJ]
planovolvis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
plane-whorled.]
pomponius, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferousGr. [Ety.mythological name.]
ponderosus, White, 1872, Pal. of E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. heavy.]
quadrangularis, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas., syn. for
N. occidentalis.
rockfordensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Ety. proper name.] Prob-
ably a Gyroceras. See 111. Geo. Sur.',
vol. 3.
sangamonensis, Meek & Worthen , 1860
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
seebachanus, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas
in Neb., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.] This species was made the
type by Prof. Meek of the new genus
Pteronautilus, which see.
spectabilis, see Temnocheilus spectabile.
springeri, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
striatidus, see Trematodiscus striatulus.
subglobosus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.. Chester Gr.
Syn. for N. globatus, see Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3.
subsulcatus, Phillips, 1836, Geol.. York.
Not clearly identified in this country.
trigonus, see Trematodiscus trigonus.
trimlcatus, see Trematodiscus trisulcatus.
tyrans, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. a tyrant.]
versutus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. complicated.]
winslouri, see Temnocheilus winslowi.
Oncockras, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. onkos, a swelling; keras, horn.]
abruptum, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. abrupt.]
alceus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
amator, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton Gr. [Sig. a lover.]
clitus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
constrictum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
constricted.]
corydon, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
dilatatum, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
expansum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline Gr. [Sig. expanded.]
futile, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton Gr. [Sig a water jar,
fusiform.]
gibbosum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina sandstone. . [Sig. gibbous.]
lycus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.'
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
orcas, Hall, 1861, (Cyrtoceras orcas) Rep.
of Progr. Geo. Sur. of Wis., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ovoides, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. egg-like.]
pandion, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
pettiti, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
plebeium, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. the common sort.]
subrectum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. nearly straight. J
CEPHALOPODA.
173
teucer, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Fobs.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mytholog-
ical name.]
thales, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Fpss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Ormoceras, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5. [Ety. ormos, a chain
or necklace ; keras, horn ; from the
appearance of the siphuncle.]
backi, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc, 2nd
series, vol. 5, Clinton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
bayfleldi, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5, Clinton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
crebriseptum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. having many
septa.]
(?) gracile, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Eiv. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
moniliforme, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. like a string of
heads.]
remotiseptum, Hall, 1850, 3rd Reg. Rep.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. having distant
septa.]
tenuifilum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. fine-
lined.]
tenuifilum var. distans, Hall, 1847, Pal.
N. Y, vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
distant.]
vertebratum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. like a back-bone.]
whitii, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5, Clinton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Ortiioceras, Breynius, 1732, Dissert. Polyth.
[Ety. ortlws, straight; keras, horn.]
abnorme, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. out of the usual
order.]
abruptum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. terminating
suddenly.]
acicula, Hall, 1843, 4th Dist. Rep. N. Y.,
Portage Gr. [Sig. a little needle.]
aculeatum, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. armed
with a sharp point.]
segea, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
sequalis, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. equal.]
: alienum, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. another sort.]
allumettense, Billings, 18 57, Rep. of
Progr., Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
amplicameratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
large-chambered. ]
anax, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
angulatum, (?) Wahlenberg, 1821, Nova.
Acta., Niagara Gr. See remarks on
this species by Prof. Hall in 20th Reg.
Rep. *
anellum, Conrad, 1843, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. a little ring.]
annulatum, Sowerby, 1818, Min. Conch.,
vol. 2, Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
ringed.]
annulato-costatum, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester
Gr. [Ety. annulatus, ringed ; costatus,
ribbed.] This name was preoccupied
by Boll in 1857.
antenor, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
anticostiense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
arcuatellum, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Sig. small and arched.]
arcuoliratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
in arched ridges.]
arenosum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. sandy.]
atticus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
autolycus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
backi, Stokes, 1840, Geo. Trans., 2nd ser.,
vol. 4, Trenton Gr. See Geo. Sur.
111., and see Ormoceras backi.
baculum, Meek, 1860, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. a staff or
cudgel.]
baculum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. The name was pre-
occupied,
balteatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. belted.]
barquianum, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
bebryx, Hall, 1876, Illust, Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
becki, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bellatulum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.Foss.
Antic, Clinton Gr. [Sig. pretty, neat.]
bilineatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1>
Chazy, Black Riv., Trenton and Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. double-lined.]
bilineatum var. a, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
brongniarti, Troost, 1838, (Conotubularia
brongniarti) Mem. Soc. Geo. de France,
3, Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
brontes, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
bucklandi, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
174
CEPHALOPODA.
bullatum, (?) Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Trenton Gr. [Sig. puffed up.]
byrnesi, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cadmus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
cameolare, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. (?).]
canadense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Mid. Sil. [Ety. proper name.] Prof.
Billings proposed this name as a sub-
stitute for Huronia vertebralis for the
reason that Huronia is a syn. for Ortho-
ceras, and there is one O". vertebralis.
cancellatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. The name was preoccu-
pied by Eichwald in 1842.
capitolinum, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. a great tower.]
carleyi, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
catilina, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cato, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
catullus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
chemungense, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
chesterense, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., St. Genevieve Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
chouteauense, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chouteau Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
eincinnatiense, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
clathratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. cross-barred.]
clavatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.]
clavatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. The name was ap-
propriated.
clinocameratum, Winchell, 1862, Am.
Jour. Sci., 2d series, vol. 33, Marshall
Gr. [Ety. clino, bent ; cameratus,
chambered.]
clouei, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de Boh.,
4me series, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
colon, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. colon, the great in-
testine.]
columnare, Hall, 1860, Rep. of Progr. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. colum-
nar.] The name was preoccupied bv
Mark, in 1857.
eonstrictum, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
constrictum, Hall, see Oncoceras con-
strictum.
coralliferum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Utica and Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. bear-
ing a coral.]
cornuum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. a horn.]
crebescens, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. frequent, increasing.]
crebristriatum, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. closely-striated.]
cribrosum, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas
in Neb., Coal Meas. [Sig. full of holes,
like a seive.]
crotalum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a rattle.]
crocus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
cuvieri, Troost, 1838, (Conotubularia
cuvieri) Mem. Soc Geo. de France 3,
Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
darwini, Billings, 1868, Pal. Foss., Guelph
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
decrescens, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
decreasing, growing lessj
defrancii, Troost, 1838, (Conotubularia
defrancei) Mem. Soc. Geo. de France
3, Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
deparcum, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
very scarce.]
diffidens, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Chazy
Gr. [Sig. diffident.]
dolatum, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carb. [Sig. hewed.]
drummondi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Chazv Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
duseri, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
dyeri, S. A. Miller, 1875,*Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
edax, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Calcif.
Gr. [Sig. voracious.]
elegantulum, Dawson, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Low. Sil. [Sig. elegant.]
emaceratum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. thin.]
epigrus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst, vol.
4, Low. Carb. [Sig. a wooden pin.]
eriense, Hall, 1877. The name is pro
posed here instead of 0. robustum.
Ham. Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
exile, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. small, slender.]
exornatum, Dawson, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. adorned.]
expansum, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. spread out.]
explorator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. a scout, an examiner.]
ferum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. & Anticosti Gr.
[Sig. wild, cruel.]
rlavius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
CEPHALOPODA.
175
foliatum, syn. for Cyrtoceras eugenium.
formosum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton, Hud. Riv. & Anticosti Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
fosteri, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
foxense, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined,
fulgur, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a thunder
bolt.]
furtivum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Calcif.
Gr. [Sig. hard to find.l
fusiforme, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
tapering at both ends.]
glaucus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Calcif-
erous Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
goldfussi, Troost, 1838, (Conotubularia
goldfussi) Mem. Soc. Geo. de France
3, Low. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilius, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. more
slender.]
gregarium, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. occuring in flocks
or masses.] This name was preoccu-
pied bv Sowerby in 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst.
hajsitans, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
hageri, Hall, 1861, Geol. of Vermont,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
halli, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
harperi, S. A.Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
hastatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig.
formed like a spear.]
helderbergise, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
heterocinctum, Winchell, 1863, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
irregularly girdled.]
hoyi, McChesney, 1861, New Pal. Foss.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
huronense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hyas, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep., Scho-
harie grit. [Ety. mythological name.]
imbricatum, Sowerby, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., Niagara Gr. [Sig. lapping over.]
indagator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Sig. a diligent hunter.]
indianense, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
infelix, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton Gr. [Sig. miserable,
useless.]
irreguktre, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. The name was
preoccupied, and is a syn. for O. wood-
worthi.
jamesi, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
jolietense, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
junceum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. rush-stem-like.]
kickapooense, Swallow, 1858, Trans. Acad.
Sci. St. Louis, vol. 1, Up. Permian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
knoxense, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Etv. proper name.]
Imr, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Onondaga Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
The name was preoccupied by Flem-
ing in 1825.
lamarcki, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
lamellosum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. in thin plates.]
laphami, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
laqueatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Calciferous to Trenton Gr. [Sig.
adorned.]
laqueatum var. a, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
laqueatum, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol. The
name was preoccupied,
latiannulatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. widely annu-
lated.]
lineohium, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. The name was
preoccupied by Phillips in 1841.
longicameratum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. long-
chambered.]
loxias, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Low.
Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
luxum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. dislocated.]
lyelli, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
magnisulcatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. deeply
furrowed.]
marcellense, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N.Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marginale, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min.
Lands, Up. Magnesian Gr. [Sig. mar-
gined.]
maro, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
marshallense, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
medon, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
medullare, Hall, 1860, Rep. of Progr.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. like
a pith.]
176
CEPHALOPODA.
meeki, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
menelaus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Black
Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
minganense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
missisquoi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mohri, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
molestum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. difficult.]
moniliforme, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. necklace-like.]
monilifwme, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Coal Meas.
The name was preoccupied.
montrealense, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat.
& Geo., vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
multicameratum, Emmons, 1842, Geo.
Rep. N. Y., Birdseye Gr. .[Sig. many-
chambered.]
multicinctum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. many-banded.]
multicinctum, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. many-
banded.] It is not clear which of
these authors is entitled to his name.
multilineatum, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. many-lined.]
multiseptum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Medina Gr. [Sig. having many di-
visions.]
murrayi. Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
niagarense, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nodocostum, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. nodus, a knot ;
costa, a rib.]
novamexicanum, Marcou, 185S, Geol.
North America, Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
nummularium, (?) 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.,
Up. Sil. [Sig. like a coin.]
nuntium, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. news, a messenger.]
oberon, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. the king
of fairies in Midsummer Night's Dream/]
occidentale, Swallow, 185 8, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas., Permian
Gr. [Sig. western.]
occidentale, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour. Sci.,
Marshall Gr. This name was preoc-
cupied.
ommanei, Salter, 1868, Bigsby, Thesaurus
Siluricus, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ordinatum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Sig. well arranged.]
ortoni, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ottawaense, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ozarkense, Shumard, 18 6 3, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Calciferous Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pauciseptum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having few
septa.]
pelops, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Kep., Scho-
harie grit. [Ety. mythological name.]
pelops var. ohioense, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
perannidatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Hud. Riv. Gr. This name was
preoccupied by Portlock in 1843. The
species is now named 0. crocus.
perelegans, Salter, 1848, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Gr. Brit., vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. very
elegant.]
perparvum, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
perseus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
persiphonatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of
Progr., Mid. Sil. [Sig. having a very
large siph uncle. ] If the genus Huronia
is valid, this species will belong to it.
perstriatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. many-lined.]
perstrictum, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carb. [Sig. very much banded.]
The name was preoccupied by Bar-
rande.
pertinax, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. persistent,
constant.]
pileolum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Medina Gr. [Sig. a little cap.]
piscator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. a fisherman.]
piso, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
planoconvexum, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.
Wis., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
planus, flat, plain; convexus, convex.]
pressum, Rogers, 1868, Bigsby, Thesaurus
Siluricus, Trenton Gr. [Sig. pressed.]
priamus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
primigenium, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. original,
first born.]
procerus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. long.]
profundum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N.Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. deep.]
propinquum, Billings, 185 7, Rep. of
Progr., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. related to.]
punctostriatum, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. dotted
and striated.]
pustulosum, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig;
covered with pustules.]
CEPHALOPODA.
177
pylades, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.}
python, Billings, 1857, Kep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
rapax, see Endoceras rapax.
raptor, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Medina Gr. [iSig. a robber.]
recedens, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 4me ser., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
receding.]
rectiannulatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Chazy & Birdseye Gr. [Ety.
rectus, straight; annulatus, ringed.]
recticameratum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Birdseye Gr. [Ety. rectus,
straight; cameratus, chambered.]
rectum, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Niagara Gr. [Sig. straight.]
remus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
repens, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. creeping.]
rdindatwm, Phillips, 1836, Geol. York.,
Chemung Gr. Not clearly identified
in this country,
richardsoni, Stokes, 1840, Trans. Geo. Soc,
2nd series, vol. 5, Black Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
rigidum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
robustum, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Sig. robust.]
robustum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. The name was pre-
occupied. See 0. eriense.
rotulatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
rude, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. rude, not polished.]
rudicula, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a spatula.]
rushense, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name]
sayi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
scammoni, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sedgwicki, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
selwyni, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,Guelph
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
servile, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. paltry.]
shumardi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sieboldi, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. and Anticosti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
simpsoni, Billings, 1859, Rep. of Progr.
Assiniboine & Saskatchewan Ex. Exp.,
Silurian. [Ety. proper name.]
simulator, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. an imitator.]
sordidum, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
coarse.]
striatum, (?) Sowerby, 1812, Min. Conch.,
Devonian. [Sig. striated.]
striatolineatum, McChesney. 1861, New
Pal. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. ftriatw,
striated ; lineatus, lined.] Syn. (?) for
0. medullare.
strigatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
strix, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. a channel.]
subarcuatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Chazy Gr. This name was preoc-
cupied by Portlock in 1843.
subbaculum, Worthen, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 1, Niagara Gr. N >t defined.
subtextile, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat like
net-work.]
subulatum, Hall, 1843, 4th Dist. Geo.
Rep. N. Y., Marcellus shale. [Sig.
awl-shaned.]
tenerum, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. tender.]
tenui-annulatum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
slight annulations.]
tenuiseptum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Chazy Gr. [Sig. having slender
partitions.]
teretiforme, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. long, round and
smooth.]
tetricum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,Scho-
harie grit. [Si* rude, rough.]
textile, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. woven, like a web.]
thoas, Hall, 1862,15th Reg.Rep., Schoharie
grit. [Kty. mythological name.]
tityrus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
transversum, S. \. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quae. Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. from the transverse lines on the
shell.]
trentonense, see Cvrtoceras trentonense.
turbidum, Half & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. dis-
ordered.]
typus, Saemann, as identified by Hall,
1876, Illust. Devonian Foss., Marcellus
shale. [Sig type of the genus.]
undulalum., Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min.
Landft Niagara Gr. [Sig. wavy.] The
name was preoccupied by Sowerby
in 1812.
undulostriatum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. wavy-lined.]
unionense, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
varro, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name]
velox, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Chazy
Gr. [Sig. fitted for motion.]
178
CEPHALOPODA.
vertebrate, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. This name was preoc-
cupied by Schlotheim in 1820, and by
Eichwald in 1840.
veterator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Cal-
ciferous Gr. [Sig. old.]
vindobonense, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
virgatum, (?) Sowerbv, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst., (Hall, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,) Niagara
Gr. [Sig. rod-like.]
virgulatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol. 2,
Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig. like a
small rod.]
vittatum, Sandberger. Not American,
vulgatum, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. common.]
whitii, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.'
Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
winchelli, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
woodworthi, McChesney, 1861, New Pal.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
xerxes, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
xiphias, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. having a point like
a sword.]
Phragmoceras, Broderip, 1839, Murch. Sil.
Syst. [Ety. phragmos, a partition;
keras, a horn.]
byronense, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ellipticum, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. ellip-
tical.]
expansum, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. ex-
panded.]
hector, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Guelph
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
nestor, Half, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
parvum, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. small.]
prsetnaturum, Billings, 1866, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. premature.]
spiniyci^m, see Gyroceras spinosum.
walshi, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] .
Piloceras, Salter, 1859, Quar. Psur. Geo.
Soc, vol. 15. [Ety. pilum, a pounder
or pestle; keras, a horn.]
canadense, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. and
Geol.. vol. 5, Calciferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
gracile, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. slender.]
triton, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
wortheni, Billings, 18«5, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Polycroniles haani, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep.
Tenn., Devonian. Not clearly defined,
but probably a Gyroceras.
Pteronautilus, Meek, 1864, Pal. of Up. Mo.
[Ety. pteron, a wing ; Nautilus, a genus
of shells.]
seebachanus, Geinitz, (Nautilus seebach-
anus) Carb. und Dyas, Permian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
S.erichxites, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. [Ety. sairo, to show the teeth ;
ichnos, a footstep.] The author sup-
posed the tracks might have been
made by a species of Cephalopoda,
abruptus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. from the
more abrupt termination and deeper
impression at one end than the other.]
Solenocheilus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 20. [Ety.
solen, a channel ; cheilos, a lip.]
capax, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Crypto-
ceras capax) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
collectum, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc-
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. gathered together.]
leidyi, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Nautilus
leidyi) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Spirula, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans Vert.
mortoni, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn.,
Niagara Gr. Not clearly defined.
Streptoceras, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. [Ety. streptos, twisted; keras,
horn.]
heros, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
janus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Niagara G r . [Ety. proper
name.]
Temmocheilus, McCoy, 1844, Synop. Carb.
Foss. Ireland. [Ety. temno, I divide;
cheilos, a lip.]
coxanum, Meek & Worth on, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
latum, Meek &Worthen,1870, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. wide.]
niotense, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
peramplum, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (en-
dolobus peramplus) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig. very
large.]
spectabile, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Nau-
tilus spectabilis) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig. showy, worth
seeing.]
winslowi, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
V
CEPHALOPODA.
179
Trematodiscus, Meek & Worthen, 1861,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety.
trema, a hole; diskos, a quoit.]
altidorsalis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. high-
backed.]
discoidalis, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 33, 2d series, Marshall Gr.
[Sig. discoidal.]
meekanus, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
planidorsalis, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr.
[Sig. smooth-backed.]
striatulus, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., 2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall
Gr. [Sig. small-channeled.]
strigatus, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. grooved.]
trigonus, Winchell, 1862, Am. Jour. Sci.,
2nd series, vol. 33, Marshall Gr. [Sig.
three-cornered.]
trisulcatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. three-furrowed.]
Trochoceras, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. trochos, a hoop; keras, a horn.]
This name was proposed by Barrande
at about the same time,
baeri, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
bannisteri, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, (Gy-
roceras bannisteri) Mem. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
clio, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep., Schoharie
grit. [Etv. mvthological name.]
costatum, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. of Wis.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
desplainense, McChesney, 186 0, New
Pal. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
discoideum, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. disc-like.]
eugenium, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep.,
Schoharie grit. [Etv. proper name.]
gebhardi, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
incipiens, Barrande, 1869, Syst. Sil. de
Boh., 4me ser., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
beginning.]
notum, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. well known.]
obliquatum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. bent.]
pandion, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
turbinatum, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Coralline Gr. [Sig. top-shaped.]
waldronense, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.
N.Y., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Trocholites, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. Irockos, a hoop; lithos,
stone.]
ammonius, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Trenton, Utica & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
planorbiformis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Xat. Sci. Phil., Utica and Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Planorbis.]
CLASS LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
FAMILY AMBONYCHIIDJS. — Ambonychia, Anomalodonta, Eopteria, Euchasma,
Limoptera, Mytilarca.
FAMILY ANATINIDiE. — Allorisma, Amphicoelia, Anatina, Chsenomya, Chsenocardia,
Clinopistha, Cuneamya, Dexiobia, Ilionia, Leptodomus, Promacrus, Prothyris,
Sedgwickia.
FAMILY ARCIDiE. — Carbonarca, Dystactella, Macrodon, Megalomus, Megambonia,
Ptychodesma, Solenomya, Tellinomya.
FAMILY AVICULIDiE. — Actinodesma, Avicula, Aviculopinna, Bakevellia, Entolium,
Eucbondria, Gervillia, Inoceramus, Leiopteris, Monopteria, Monotis, Posidonia,
Posidonomya, Pseudomonotis.
FAMILY CARDIIDvE. — Cardiola, Cardiopsis, Cardium, Conocardium, Lunulacardium.
FAMILY CARDIOMORPHID^E.— Cardiomorpha, Edmondia.
FAMILY CYPRINIDiE.— Astarte, Astartella, Cardinia, Cleidophorus, Cycloconcha,
Cypricardella, Cypricai'dia, Cypricardinia, Cypricardites, Isocardia, Matheria,
Pleurophorus.
FAMILY CYTHERODONTID.E.— Cytherodon, Schizodus.
FAMILY GRAMMYSIDyE.— Grammysia.
FAMILY LUC1NID,E.— Axinus, Lucina, Paracyclas.
FAMILY MODIOMORPHID.E.— Goniopbora, Modiomorpha.
FAMILY MYACIDJS.— Anthracoinya.
FAMILY MYTILID^E. — Anodontopsis, Anthracoptera, Lithopbaga, Modiola, Modiolop-
sis, Myalina, Mytilus.
FAMILY NUCULIDiE.— Nucula, Nuculana, Nuculites, Pyrenomceus, Yoldia.
FAMILY NYASSID^.— Nyassa.
FAMILY ORTHONOTID^.-Orthodesma, Orthonota.
FAMILY OSTREIDiE.— Lima, Ostrea, Placunopsis.
FAMILY PALANATINID.E.-Palanatina.
FAMILY PECriNIDiE.— Aviculopecten, Lyriopecten, Pernopecten, Streblopteria.
FAMILY PHOLADELLID/E.— Cimitaria, Palteoneilo, Pholadella, Phthonia.
FAMILY PINNIID^E.— Pinna, Pinnopsis.
FAMILY PTERINIID/E.— Pterinea, Pteronites, Pteronitella.'
FAMILY SANGULNOLITILLE.— Sanguinolites.
FAMILY SOLENID,E.— Solen, Solenopsis.
FAMILY TELLINID,E.— Sanguinolaria, Tellinopsis.
FAMILY TRIGONIID^E.— Dolabra, Iscbyrinia, Lyrodesma.
FAMILY UNIONID^E.-Anthracosia.
Actinodesma, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5.
[Ety. akin, a beam ; desma, a ligament. ]
crueiforme, Conrad, 1841, (Avicula cruci-
formisi Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. cross-sbaped.]
erectum, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula erecta)
Jour. Acad. Nat. ScL, vol. 8, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. erect.]
Allorisma, King, 1844, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., vol. 14. [Ety. alios, variable;
ereisma, support, expressive of the va-
riable nature of the cartilage support
or fulcrum.]
altirostrata, see Sedgwickia altirostrata.
antiqua, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. ancient.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
181
^ capax, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col. Ex.
Exped., Coal Meas. [Sig. capacious,
large.]
clavata, McChesney, 1860, New Pal. Foss.,
Chester Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.]
cooped, see Chsenomya cooperi.
costata, Meek & Worth en, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
ribbed.]
cuneata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Mid. Coal Meas. [Sig.
wedge-shaped.]
curta, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. short.]
elegans, King, as identified by Geinitz.
See A. geinitzi.
ensiformis, Swallow, ^.860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. in
the form of a sword.]
geinitzi, Meek, 1S67, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
44, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
granosa, Shumard, 1858, (Leptodomus
granosus) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. full of grains.]
hannibalensis, see Grammysia hannibal-
ensis.
hybrida, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Chae-
nomya hybrida) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. a hybrid.]
lanceolata, Swallow, 1858, Trans.'St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. spear-
shaped.]
lata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Mid. Coal Meas. [Sig. broad.]
leavenworthensis, see Chsenomya leaven-
worthensis.
marionensis, White, 1876, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
minnehaha, see Chsenomya minnehaha.
pleuropistha, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Ety.
■pleuron, the side ; opisthe, behind.]
reflexa, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. turned back.]
sinuata, McChesney, 1860, New Pal. Foss.,
Chester Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
subcuneata, Meek & Havd'en, 1858, Proc.
Acad. Nat, Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat wedge-shaped.]
subelegans, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat elegant.]
terminalis, Hall, 1852, Stans. Ex. to Gt,
Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. terminal.]
ventricosa, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. LSig. bulging
out.]
winchelli, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil.,' Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Amboxychia, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. ambon, the boss of a shield;
onyx, a claw or talon.]
acutirostra, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. acute-beaked.]
alata, see Anomalodonta alata.
amygdalina, see Cypricardites amygda-
linus»
aphsea, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
attenuata, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. diminished, drawn
out,]
bellistriata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
frenton Gr. [Sig. beautifully striated.]
cancellosa, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. made crosswise,
like net work.]
carinata, Goldfuss, 1826, (Pterinea carin-
ata) Germ. Petref., Trenton & Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
casii, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
costata, James, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
erecta, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. erect, straight.]
illinoisensis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Rep.
111., vol. 6, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
intermedia, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Galena Gr. [Sig. in-
termediate, between .1. bellistriata and
A. radiata.
lamellosa, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. made of many thin
plates.]
maxima, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn. Not
defined,
mytiloides, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. resembling a Mytilus.~\
net lecla, see Amphiecelia neglecta.
nitida, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. neat,
pretty.]
obtmu, see Cypricardites obtusus.
orbicularis, Emmons, 1842, (Pterinea or-
bicularis) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. orb-shaped.]
planistriata, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. plane-striated.]
radiata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Trenton, Hud. Riv. Gr. & Mid. Sil.
[Sig. radiated.]
struecostata, see Pterinea striaecostata.
superba, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. superb,
large and fine.]
swanana, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.
Not defined,
undata, Emmons, 1842, (Pterinea undata)
Geo. Rep. N. Y., Black Riv. & Trenton
Gr. [Sig. wa\v.]
Amphiccelia, Hall, 1868, 20th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. amphi, both ; koilos, hollow.]
costata, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. ribbed.]
leidyi, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
neglecta, McChesney, 1861, (Ambonychia
neglecta) Pal. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
neglected, overlooked.]
Anatina, Lamarck, 1809, Phil. Zool. [Ety.
pertaining to the duck, or like the
duck's bill.]
182
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
leda, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
sinuata, see Ilionia sinuata.
Anodontopsis, McCoy, 1851, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2nd series, vol. 7. [Ety.
from the resemblance to the shells of
the genus Anodonta.~\
(?) milleri, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
(?) unionoides, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour.
Sci., 3rd series, vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
like a Unio.~\ This species is probably
a Modiolopsis.
ventricosa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. bulging out.]
Anomalodonta, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1. [Sig. anom-
alous-toothed.]
alata, Meek, 1872, (Ambonychia alata)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. winged.]
gigantea, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour; Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig.
very large.]
Anthracomya, Salter, 1861, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Gr, Brit. [Ety. anthrax, coal; Mya,
a genus of shells.]
angulata, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites angu-
lata) Acadian Geology, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from the angular outline of the
posterior extremity.]
arenacea, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites are-
nacea) Acadian Geology, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from the arenaceous shale.]
carbonaria, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites car-
bonaria) Acadian Geology, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from the Coal Measures.]
elongata, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites elon-
gata) Acadian Geology, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from the elongation laterally.]
lsevis, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites lsevis)
Acadian Geology, Coal Meas. [Sig.
smooth.]
obtusa, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites obtusa)
Acadian Geology, Coal Meas. [Ety.
from the obtuse anterior end.]
ovalis, Dawson, 1860, (Naiadites ovalis)
Acadian Geology, Coal Meas. [Sig.
oval.]
Anthracoptera, Salter, 1862, Mem. Geo.
Sur. Gr. Brit. [Ety. anthrax, coal;
pteron, a wing.]
carbonaria, see Anthracomya carbonaria.
fragilis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
easily broken.]
hems, see Anthracomya lsevis.
Area, Linne, 1758. This genus is unknown
in the palaeozoic rocks.
carbonaria, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3. See Macrodon carbonarius.
cuspidata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
pointed.]
modesta, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. modest,
small.]
striata, Schlotheim, as identified by
Geinitz, is Macrodon tenuistriatus.
punctifera, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carb. [Sig. bearing dots.] The name
was preoccupied by Deshayes in his
work, 1824-1836.
Anthracosia, King, 1844, in Mag. Nat. Hist.
[Ety. anthrax, coal.]
bradorica, Dawson, 1868. Acad. Geol.,
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Astarte, Sowerby, 1818, Min. Conch., vol. 2.
[Ety. mythological name.]
mortonensis, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
nebrascensis, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in I^b., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
sublextilis, see Cardiomorpha subtextilis.
Astartella, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa.
[Ety. diminutive of Astarte.']
concentrica, McChesney, 1860,(Edmondia
concentrica) Descr. New Pal. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. from the concentric
wrinkles or folds.]
newberryi, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
varica, McChesney, 1860, Descr. New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. straddling.]
vera, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Coal
Meas. [Sig. true, genuine.]
Avicula, Klein, 1753, Ostrac. [Ety. avicula,
a little bird.]
acanthoptera, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th
Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
akantha, a spine ; pteron, a wing.]
acosta, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. without ribs.] The
correct etymology would make this
word incosta.
seqwUatera, see Aviculopecten sequilaterus.
sequiradiata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having equal
radiating striae.]
sesopus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
angustirostra, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Up. Sil. [Sig. narrow-
beaked.]
antiqua, see Bakevellia antiqua.
armaria. Not American,
aviformis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Sil. [Sig. bird-like:']
bella, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Devonian. [Sig. beautiful.]
bellula, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. quite beautiful.]
boydi, see Pterinea boydi.
chemungensis, see Pterinea chemungensis.
circulus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. a circle.]
communis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. a common form.]
cooperensis, see Entolium cooperense.
corrugata, James, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
cruciformis, see Actinodesma truciforme.
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
183
custa, (a misprint) see Eumicrotis curta.
damnoniensis, Sowerby, as identified in
the early N. Y. Reports, see Pteronites
chemungensis.
decussata, Hall, 1843, see Pteronites de-
cussatus. Not Minister, 1834.
demissa, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. hang-
ing down.]
desquamata, see Obolella desquamata.
elliptica, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
emacerata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig.
made thin.]
erecta, see Actinodesma erecta.
ferruginea, Conrad, 1848, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 3, Up. Sil. [Sig. rusty.]
flabella, see Pterinea flabellum.
fragilis, see Aviculopecten fragilis. The
name was preoccupied bv DeFrance.
" rdi, Conrad, 1841, Ann." Rep. N. Y.,
Oriskany sandstone. [Ety. proper
name.]
hermione, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
honeymani, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
insueta, Emmons, 1842, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Hud. Riv. and Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. un-
usual.]
1-sevis, see Pteronites leevis.
leptonota, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Disk
N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Ety. leptos, slen-
der; notos, back.]
limiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. resembling
the genus Lima.]
longa, Geinitz, 1866, (Gervillia longa)
Carb. und Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas.
[Sig. long.]
longispina, see Pterinea longispina.
magna, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. large.]
manticula, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. a
little wallet.]
morganensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
(Pterinea morganensis) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
multilineata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
many-lined.]
muricata, see Pteronites muricatus.
naviformis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat, Sci., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. boat-
shaped.]
obliquata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. oblique, slant-
ing.]
oblonga, see Aviculopecten oblongus.
obscura, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. obscure.]
orbicularis, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol, 25, 2d ser.,Coal Meas. The name
was preoccupied by Sowerby in 1839.
orbicidata, Hall, 1843, see Lyriopecten or-
bicularis.
orbiculata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. orbicular.]
parilis, see Aviculopecten parilis.
pauciradiata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. few-rayed.]
pectiniformis, see Aviculopecten pectini-
formis.
perobliqua, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. very
oblique.]
pleuroptera, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. side-
winged.]
protexta, see Pterinea protexta.
quadnda, see Pterinea quadruln.
rectalaterarea, see Aviculopecten rectila-
terarius.
recticosta, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. having
straight cos tee.]
rhomboidea, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. lozenge-shaped.]
rugosa, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep. N.
Y., Water Lime Gr. The name was
preoccupied by Munster in 1826.
scoharise, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
securiformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Coralline limestone. [Sig. axe-
shaped.]
securiformis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
This name was preoccupied,
semielliptica, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. half-elliptical.]
shawneensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
shumardi, see Entolium shumardi.
signata, see Aviculopecten signatus.
speciosa, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
spinigera, see Pteronites spinigerus.
spinulifera, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
subaequilatera, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
equal-sided.]
subfalcata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat sickle- shaped.]
subplana, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. somewhat flat.]
subquadrans, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Sig. some-
what squared.]
mbrecta, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Corralline limestone. See Pterinea
subrecta,
subrecta, Hall, 1852. See Aviculopecten
subrecta.
sulcata, Geinitz, 1866, (Gervillia sulcata)
Carb. und Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas.
If this form is properly referred to the
genus Avicula, then the name was
preoccupied by Reuss in 1843.
184
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
tenuilamellata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very thin-
plated.]
textilis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. woven.]
textilis var. arenaria, Hall, 1859, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. sandy.]
trentonensis, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
tricostata, Yanuxem, 1842, Geo. Pep. N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. three-ribbed.]
trilobata, Conrad. 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Sig. three-lobed.]
triplistriata, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. three-
lined.]
triquetra, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Onondaga Gr. [Sig. a triangle or
three-cornered figure.]
triradiata, Conrad, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. three-
plicated.]
tuberculata, .Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. tubercu-
lated.]
umbonata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. protuberant.]
undata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
welchi, James, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
whitii, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat,
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Aviculopecten, McCoy, 1851, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist, 2nd series, vol. 7. [Ety.
Aviculopecten, from the resemblance to
the shells of the genera Avicula and
Pecten.]
acadicus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
acutialatus, Swallow, 1858, (Avicula acu-
tialata) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Permian Gr. [Sig. sharp-winged.]
eequilaterus, Hall, 1843, (Avicula sequila-
tera) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Up.
Held. Gr. and Marcellus shale. [Sig.
equal-sided.]
amplus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
■ [Sig. full, large.]
armigerus, Harlan, 1835, (Pecten armige-
rus) Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., Carb.
[Sig. armed.]
aviculatus, Swallow, 1858, (Pecten avicu-
latus) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Sig. spread out like an Avicula.']
burlingtonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
cancellatus, Hall, 1843, (Pecten cancel-
latus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. cancellated.]
carboniferus, Stevens, 1858, (Pecten car-
boniferus) Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, Coal
Meas. [Sig. from the coal formation.]
caroli, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
clevelandicus, Swallow, 1858, (Pecten
clevelandicus) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
coloradoensis, Newberry, 1861, Ives' Col.
Ex. Exped., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
convexus, Hall, 1843, (Pecten convexus)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist". N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. convex.]
cora, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. mythological name.]
coreyanus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss. [Ety. proper name.]
coxanus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
crassicostatus, Hall, 1872, 24th Beg. Rep.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. thick-ribbed.]
crenistriatus, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
'Nat. Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Sig.
having crenulated strise.]
debertanus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
dolabriformis, Hall, 1843, (Pecten (?)
dolabriformis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. resembling
a mattock or pick axe.]
duplicatus, Hall, 1843, (Pecten duplicatus)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. doubled, folded in two.]
fra<rilis, Hall, 1843, (Avicula fragilis)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Genessee
slate. [Sig. frail, easily broken.]
glnber, see Pernopecten glaber.
gradicostus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost,
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr.
[Sig. ribbed in steps.]
halli, Swallow,1860, (Avicula halli) Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
hertzeri, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
indianensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
intercostalis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
lined between costse.]
interlineatus, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Coal
Meas. [Sig. interlined.]
konincki, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
limaformie, see Pernopecten limiformis.
lyel'li, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
maccoyi, Meek & Hayden, 1865, Pal.,Up.
Mo., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1855, (Pecten
missouriensis) Geo. Rep. Mo., St. Louis
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
neglectus, Geinitz, 1866, (Pecten neglec-
tus) Carb. und Dyas in Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. overlooked.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
185
oblongus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Avic-
ula oblonga) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
occidentalis, Shumard, 1855, (Pecten oc-
cidentalis) Geo. Rep. Mo., Carbonifer-
ous & Permian. [Sig. western.]
occidentalis, Wincbell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. This name
was preoccupied.
orbicidatus, see Lyriopecten orbiculatus.
oweni, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
parilis, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula parilis)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. equal, like.]
pecteniformis, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula
pecteniformis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Up. Held. Gr. and Marcellus
shale. [Sig. like a Pecten.]
pellucidus, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig
clear, transparent]
princeps, Conrad, Ham. Gr. [Sig. prin-
cipal.]
providencensis. Cox, 1857, (Pecten pro-
videncensis) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
rectilaterarius, Cox, 1857, (Avicula rec-
talaterarea) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Sig. straight-sided.]
reticulatus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. reticulated.]
ringens, Swallow, 1858, (Pecten ringens)
Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Permian
Gr. [Sig. gaping.]
rugfestriatus, Hall, 1843, (Lima rugse-
striata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. having wrinkled
strise.]
sanduskyensis, syn. for Aviculopecten par-
ilis.
signatus. Hall, 1843, (Avicula signata)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. marked.]
simplex, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. simple.]
striatus, Hall, 1843, (Pecten striatus) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. striated.]
suborbicularis, Hall, 1843, (Pterinea sub-
orbicularis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. somewhat orbic-
ular.]
subrectus,Conrad, 1841, (Avicula subrecta)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Coralline limestone.
[Sig. somewhat-straight.]
tenuicostus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. slender-
ribbed.]
undulatus, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y, vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
unionensis, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 6, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
utahensis, Meek, 1860, (Pecten utahensis)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
whitei, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
williamsi, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chouteau limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
winchelli, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Aviculopinna, Meek, 1867, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 44. [Ety. from the resemblance
to the genera Avicula and Pinna.']
americana, Meek, 1867, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 44, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Axinus, Sowerby, 1821, Min. Conch., vol. 3.
[Ety. axine, battle-axe.] This genus
is unknown in palaeozoic rocks.
ovatus, see Schizodus ovatus.
securis, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. Louia
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. axe or
hatchet-shaped.]
Bakevellia, King, 1849, Perm. Fobs. [Ety.
proper name.]
antiqua, Munster, 1826, (Avicula antiqua)
GoldfussGerm.Petref. Not American,
parva, Meek & Hayden, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Permian Gr. [Sig. small.]
(?) pulchra, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
beautiful.]
Cabbonarca, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. carbo,
coal; Area, a genus of shells; from
the minute teeth on the cardinal mar-
gin, as in Area.]
gibbosa, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
gibbous.]
Cardinia, Agassiz, 1838, in Societ. Basil.
[Ety. cardo, the hinge of a door.]
sequimarginalis, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
equal-margined.]
antigonesensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad.Geo.,
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
complanata, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
concentrica, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. con-
centric]
cordata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. heart-
like.]
(?) fragilis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. frail, easily
broken.]
occidentalis, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
western.]
subangulata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
somewhat angular.]
subangidata, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol
This name was preoccupied.
186
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
Cardiola, Broderip, 1834, Trans. Geo. Soc.
[Ety. kardia, the heart.]
ckl
lincklaeni, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
radians, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
speciosa, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y, vol. 5,
Genessee slate. [Sig. beautiful.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Goniatite limestone. [Sig.
ventricose.]
vetusta, Hall, 1843, (Cardium vetustum)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr.
[Sig. ancient.]
Cardiomorpha, DeKoninck, 1844, Anim.
Foss. Carb. Belg. [Ety. kardia, heart;
morphe, form.]
archiacana, Koninck, 1843, Desc. An.
Foss. Belg., Carboniferous. [Ety.
proper name.]
bellatula, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. small and
beautiful.]
capuloides, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. resem-
bling a shell of the genus Capulus.}
eriopia, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice. Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. mytho. name.]
julia, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kansasensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
modiolaris, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Modiola.~\
(?) obliquata, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. ob-
lique, slanting.]
ovata, see Dexiobia ovata.
parvirostris, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist, vol. 8, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. small-beaked.]
radiata, see Cardiopsis radiata.
(?) rhomboidea, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep.
Iowa, vol. 1, pt. 2, Kinderhook Gr.
See Cardiomorpha subrhomboidea.
(?) rhomboidea, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
rhomboidal.]
subglobosa, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Waverly Gr. [Sig. somewhat globose.]
suborbicularis, Hall, 1840,(Ungufina sub-
orbicularis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
PortageGr. [Sig. somewhat orbicular.]
subrhomboidea, Hall, 1877, (Proposed
instead of Cypricardites rhomboidea,
in Geo. Rep. Iowa, which was preoc-
cupied) Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. some-
what rhomb-like.]
subtextilis, Hall, 1843, (Astarte subtex-
tilis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Port-
age Gr. [Sig. somewhat woven.]
textilis, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y, vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. woven.]
triangulata, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
three-cornered, triangular.]
trigonalis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung. Gr. [Sig. tri-
angular.]
(?) vetusta, see Cypricardites vetustus.
vindobonensis, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Cardiopsis, Meek & Worthen, 1861, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. kardia,
the heart; mm, appearance.]
• crassieostata, Hall, 1873, 24th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Schoharie grit and Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. thick-ribbed.]
crenistriata, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. having
wrinkled striae. ]
jejuna, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. poor, con-
temptible.]
megambonata, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
having a great umbone.]
parvirostris, White, 1862, Proc. Bost.Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
small-beaked.]
radiata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Cardi-
omorpha radiata) Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety.
from radiating strise.]
robusta, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie grit and Portage Gr. [Sig.
robust.]
Cardium, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th
Ed. [Ety. kardia, the heart.]
iowensis, see Cypricardites iowensis.
lexingtonense, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Mid. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
napoleonense, Winchell, 1862, Proc.Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
(?) vetustum, see Cardiola vetusta.
Ch^enocardia, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. chaino, to gape ;
kardia, the heart.]
ovata, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
ovate.]
Chjenomya, Meek, 1864, Pal. of Up. Mo.
[Ety. chaino, to open or gape ; Mya, a
genus of shells.]
cooperi, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Panopsea
cooperi) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hybnda, see Allorisma hybrida.
leaven worthensis, Meek & Hayden, 1858,
(Allorisma leavenworthensis) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
minnehaha, Swallow, 1858, (Allorisma (?)
minnehaha) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
rhomboidea, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. rhomboidal — lozenge-
shaped.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
187
Cimitaria, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam,
shells. [Ety. from resemblance to a
Cimitar.]
corrugata, Conrad, 1842, (Cypricardites
corrugata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. corrugated.]
elongata, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites
elongatus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. elongated.]
recurva, Conrad, 1842, (Cypricardites re-
curva) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. recurved.]
Cleidophokus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. kleidos, a clavicle ; phoros, bear-
ing ; in allusion to the depression on
the side of the cast, anterior to the
beak, indicating an interior ridge in
each valve.]
concentricus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sit [Sig. marked with
concentric lines.]
concentricus, Dawson, 1868. The name
was preoccupied,
cuneatus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. wedge-shaped.]
elongatus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. elongated.]
erectus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. erect.]
erectus, Dawson, 1868. The name was
preoccupied.
fabula, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
vol. 43, (Nucula fabula) Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. a little bean.]
macclwsneyanus, syn. for Modiolopsis recta.
neglectus, Hall, 18«2, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
nuculiformis, Hall, 1860,Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Nuctda.]
oblongus, Hall, 1843, (Nucula oblonga)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. oblong.]
planulatus, Conrad, 1841, (Nuculites
planulatus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sjg. flattened.]
semiradiatus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. half-rayed.]
solenoides, see Solenopsis solenoides.
subovatus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. somewhat ovate.]
Clixopistha, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. klino, I
lean ; opisihe, backwards.]
antiqua, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
kevis, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
smooth.]
radiata, Hall, 1858, (Edmondia radiata)
Geo. Rep. Iowa, Coal Meas. [Sig. ra-
diated.]
Conocardium, Bronn, 1835, Leth. Geo. [Ety.
konos, a cone; kardia, the heart.]
acadianum, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
sequilaterale, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. equal-sided, j
attenuatum, Conrad, 1842, (Pleurorhyn-
chus attenuatus) Jour. Acad. Nat.Sci.,
vol. 8, Up. Sil. [Sig. drawn out.]
bifarium, Winchell, 1856, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. double.]
blumenbachium, see Euchasma blumen-
bachi.
carinatum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
catastomum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. gaping at
the lower end.]
crassifrons, Conrad, 1842, (Pleurorhyn-
chus crassifrons) Jour. Acad. Nat.Sci.,
vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick front.]
cuneatum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. wedge-
shaped.]
cuneus, Conrad, 1840, (Pleurorhynchus
cuneus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. a wedge.]
eboraceum, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. Eboracum, York.]
elegantulum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. quite
handsome.]
emmetense, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
immaturum, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. immature.]
inceptum, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. a beginning.]
meekanum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
niagarense, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
obliquum, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
oblique, slanting.]
ohioense, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] .
ornatum, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
adorned.]
prattenanum, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
trigonale, Hall, 1843, (Pleurorhynchus tri-
gonalis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. triangular.]
ventricosum, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
vomer, Conrad, 1842, (Pleurorhynchus
vomer) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Devonian. [Sig. a plough-share.]
Ctenodonta, Salter, 1851. Syn. for Tellinomya.
abrupta, see Tellinomya abrupta.
angela, see Tellinomya angela.
astartiformis, see Tellinomya astartiformis.
contracta, see Tellinomya contracta.
gibberula, see Tellinomya gibberula.
hartsvillensis, see Tellinomya hartsvillensis.
hubbardi, syn. for Nuculites sulcatinus.
iphigenia, see Tellinomya iphigenia.
logani, see Tellinomya logani.
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
Cucullza, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. [Ety.
Cucullus, a hood.]
opima, syn. for Nucula lirata.
Cuneamya, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2. [Ety. cuneus, a wedge ;
Mva, a genus of shells.]
miamiensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
scapha, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. a skiff or boat]
Cvcloconcha, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1. [Ety. in allusion
to the nearly circular form of the
shell.]
mediocardinalis, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. in allusion to the position of the
cardinal teeth near the middle of the
hinge line.]
Cypbicardia, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. from the two genera
Oyprina and Cardium.}
aiata, see Modiomorpha alata.
angusta, see Cypricardites angustus.
angustata, see Cypricardites angustatus.
chouteauensis, Swallow, 18(53, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
contracts, see Cypricardites contractus,
indianensis, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
insecta, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. cut into.]
leidyi, Lea, see Leaia leidyi.
obsokta, see Cypricardites obsoletus.
occidentalis, Hall, 1»52, Statis. Ex. to
Great Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wpstcrn "1
occidentalis, Swallow, 18 6 3, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Carb. This name
was preoccupied,
pikensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
plicatula, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Mid. Coal Meas. [Sig.
having small plications.]
rhembea, see Cypricardites rhombeus.
rigidi, see Sanguinolites rigidi.
Bhumardana, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
subplana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
flat]
ventricosa, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
wheeleri, see Schizodus wheeleri.
Cypbicardella, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst, vol. 4. [Ety. diminutive of
Oypricardia.}
nucleata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. like a kernel.]
oblonga, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
plicata, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. folded, plicated.!
subelliptica, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.^
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat
elliptical.]
Cypricardinia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3. [Ety. Cypricardinia, from its re-
semblance to Cypricardia.}
arata, Hall, 1867. 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. plowed.]
carbonaria, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. pertain-
ing to coal.]
concentrica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. from the con-
centric ridges that mark the surface.]
crassa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. thick, from the thick
(?) cylindrica, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. cylin-
drical.]
distincta, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. distinct.]
dorsata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. high-backed.]
indenta, Conrad, 1842, (Cypricardites in-
denta) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. indented.]
inflata, Emmons, 1842, (Nuculitesinflata)
Emmons' Geo. Rep. N. Y., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. swollen out, inflated.]
inflata war. subsequivalvis, Hall, 1872, 24th
Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
valves somewhat equal.]
lamellosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. in allusion to
the distant lamellae on the surface.]
planulata, Conrad, 1842, (Pterinea planu-
lata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. flattened.]
pygmsea, Conrad, 1842, (Pterinea pyg-
msea) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. a pigmy, very small.]
sublamellosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
lamellose; from the concentric strise
on the surface.]
Cypricardites, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. from resemblance to the
genus Cypricardia.]
acutumbonus, Billings, 1866, (Cyrtodonta
acutumbona) Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic,
Anticosti Gr. [Ety. from the strongly
carinatetl, or sharp-keeled umbones.]
alta, see Modiomorpha alta.
alveatus,Conrad, 1843,Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. hollowed out.]
amygdalinus, Hall, 1847, (Ambonychia
amygdalina) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black
Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig. like an
almond.]
angustus, Hall, 1843, (Cypricardia angus-
ta) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Clinton
Gr. [Sig. narrow, slender.]
angustatus, see Modiomorpha angustata.
angustifrons, syn. for Modiolopsis modiol-
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
anodontoides, see Modiolopsis anodon-
toides.
anticostiensis, Billings, 1866, (Cyrtodonta
(?) anticostiensis) Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bayfieldi, Billings, 1858, (Vanuxemia bay-
fieldi) Can. Nat. & Geo. vol. 4, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bimlcata, see Grammysia bisulcata.
breviusculus, Billings, 1859, (Cyrtodonta
breviuscula) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 4,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. very sbort.]
canadensis, Billings, 1858, (Cyrtodonta
canadensis) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
carinatus, see Sanguinolites carinatus.
cannabis, Meek, 1872, (Dolabra carinata)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr.
This name was preoccupied,
cariniferus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [.Sig.
bearing a ridge; from the strongly
carinated umbonal slope.]
catekillensis, see Modiomorpha catskill-
ensis.
chemungensis, see Sanguinolites chemung-
ensis.
ccmcntrica,see Modiomorpha concentrica.
contractus, Hall, 1843, (Cvpricardia con-
tracta) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Low. Carb. [Sig. contracted.]
cordiformis, Billings, 1858, (Cyrtodonta
cordiformis) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. heart-
shaped.]
corrugatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
curtus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. short,]
dixonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Chi. Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
elongatus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. elongated.]
emma, Billings, 1862, (Cvrtodonta emma)
Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ferrugineus, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. of the
color of rusty iron; from iron ore beds.]
ganti, Saffbrd, 1869, (Cvrtodonta ganti)
Geo. of Tenn., Trenton & Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hainesi, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour.Sci.,vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
harrietta, Billings, 186 2, (Cyrtodonta
harrietta) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
haynanus, Safford, 1869, (Cyrtodonta
hayniana) Geo. of Tenn., Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hindi, Billings, 1862, (Cyrtodonta hindi)
Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
huronensis, Billings, 1858, (Cyrtodonta
huronensis) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Black Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
inconstans, Billings, 1858, (Vanuxemia
inconstans) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. changing.]
indenta, see Cypricardinia indenta.
inflatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Onondaga Gr. [Sig. in-
flated.]
insularis, Billings, 1866, (Cyrtodonta in-
sularis) Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. belonging to an island.]
islandicus, Hall, 1877, (Proposed here in-
stead of Cypricardites ventricosus, Hall,
1859) Low*. Held. Gr. [Ety. from the
type locality, St. Joseph's Island.]
iowensis, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Mineral
lands, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.] '
latus, Hall, 1847, (Modiolopsis latus) Pal.
N. Y, vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. wide.]
leucothea, Billings, 18 62, (Cyrtodonta
leucothea) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Black
Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
marcellensis, see Lunulacardium marcell-
ense.
modiolaris, Emmons, syn. for Modiolopsis
nasuta.
montrealensis, Billings, 1859, (Vanux-
emia montrealensis) Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mytiloides, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. from the resem-
blance to Mytilns.']
nasutus, see Modiolopsis nasuta.
niota, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
obliquus, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Galena Gr. [Sig. ob-
lique, slanting.]
oblongus, syn. for Modiomorpha concen-
trica.
obsoletus, Hall, 1843, (Cvpricardia obso-
leta) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
obtusus, Hall, 1847, (Ambonychiaobtusa)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black Riv. and
Trenton Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
ovata, syn. for Modiolopsis modiolaris.
plebeius, Billings, 1866, (Cyrtodonta ple-
beia) Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. common.]
ponderosus, Billings, 1862, (Cyrtodonta
ponderosa) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. thick, heavy.]
quadrilateralis, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. four-sided.]
radiatus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. from the radiating
striae.]
rectus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. straight.]
rectirostris, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. straight-beaked.]
recurvus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. recurved.]
190
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
rhombeus, Hall, 1843,(Cypricardia rhom-
bea) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Low.
Carb. [Sig. rhomboidal.]
rotundatus, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
rugosus, Billings, 1858, (Cyrtodonta ru
gosa) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3, Black
Riv. Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
rugosa, see Goniophora rugosa.
saffordi, Hall, 1852, (Pakearca saffordi
12th Reg. Rep., Low. Held. Gr. [Ety
proper name.]
sectifrons, see Phthonia sectifrons.
sigmoideus, Billings, 1859, (Cyrtodonta
sigmoidea) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. like the Greek
letter Sigma.] [toides.
sinuata, syn. for Modiolopsis anodon-
spiniferus, Billings,1858, (Cyrtodonta spi-
nifera) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3, Black
Riv. Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
sterlingensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
(Dolabra sterlingensis) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil.,Cin'tiGr. [Ety. proper
name.]
subalatus. see Modiomorpha subalata.
subangulatus, Hall, 1847, (Edmondia
subangulata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black
Riv. and Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat
angular.]
subcarinatus, Billings, 1858, (Cyrtodonta
subcarinata) Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 3,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat cari-
nated.]
subspatulatus, Hall, 1847, '(Modiolopsis
subspatulata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat
spatula-shaped.]
subtentus, Conrad, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. some-
what curved.]
subtruncatus, Hall, 1847, (Edmondia sub-
. truncata) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1., Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat
truncated.]
truncatus, see Sanguinolites truncatus.
ungulatus, Billings, 186 6, (Cyrtodonta
ungulata) Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. having claws.]
ventricosus, Hall, 1847, (Edmondia ven-
tricosa) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. bulging out,]
ventricosus, Hall, 1859, (Palrearca ventri-
cosa) Pal. N.Y, vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr.
This name was preoccupied. See
Cypricardites islandicus.
vetustus, Hall, 1847, (Cardiomorpha ve-
tusta) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. ancient,]
winchelli, Safford, 1869, (Cyrtodonta
winchelli) Geo. Tenn., Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyrtodonta, syn. for Cypricardites.
acutumbona, see Cypricardites acutum
bonus.
anticostiensis, see C. anticostiensis.
brevimcula, see C. breviusculus.
canadensis, see C. canadensis.
cordiformis, see C. cordiformis.
emma, see C. em ma.
ganti, see C. ganti.
harrietta, see C. harrietta.
hayniana, see C. haynanus.
hindi, see C. hindi.
huronensis, see C. huronensis.
insularis, see C. insularis.
leueothea, see C. leucothea.
normanensis, Safford. Not defined.
plebeia, see Cypricardites plebeius.
ponderosa, see C. ponderosus.
rugosa, see C. rugosus.
saffordi, see C. saffordi.
sigmoidea, see C. sigmoideus.
• spinifera, see C. spiniferusr
subcarinata, see C. subcarinatus.
ungulata, see C. ungulatus.
urinchelli, see C. winchelli.
Cytherodon, Hall. 1873, in 23rd Reg. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. Cythere, a genus of shells ;
odous, a tooth.]
appressus, Conrad, (Nuculites appressa)
1842, Jour. Acad. Nat, Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. pressed together.]
(?) placidus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 2, Up. Sil. [Sig. smooth.]
socialis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. social, clustered to-
gether.]
tumidus, Hall, 1870, (Schizodus tumidus)
Prelim. Notice Lam. shells, etc., Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. swollen, tumid.]
Dexiobia, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat,
Sci. [Ety. dexios, on the right side ;
bia, strength.]
halli, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ovata, Hall, 1858, (Cardiomorpha ovata)
Geo. Rep. Iowa, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. ovate.]
whitei, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Dolabra, McCoy, 1844, Syn. Carb. Foss.
Ireland. [Ety. dolabra, a mattock or
pick axe.]
alpina, Hall, 1858, Geo. Rep. Iowa, Coal
Meas. [Sig. alpine.]
carinata, see Cypricardites carinatus.
sterlingensis, see Cypricardites sterling-
ensis.
Dystactella, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5.
[Ety. dijstaLios, hard to arrange.]
subnasuta,' Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat nasute.]
Edmondia, DeKoninck, 1844, Desc. Anim.
Foss., Carb. Belg. [Ety. proper name.]
anomala, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geo., Carb.
[Sig. irregular, out of order.]
aspen wallensis, Meek, 1871, Hayden's
Rep. Sur. Wyoming, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
bicarinata, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat, Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. double-
keeled.] Prof. Hall regards this as a
syn. for Sanguinolites rigidus.
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
191
binumbonata, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. having
double umbones.]
burlingtonensis, White & Whitfield, 1802,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
caUiouni, see Pleurophorus calhouni.
concentrica, see Astartella concentrica.
depressa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverlv Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
elliptica, Winchell, 1803, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
gibbosa, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. gib-
bous, tumid.]
glabra, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. smooth.]
hartti, Dawson, 1808, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
hawni, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
' Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
inlesi, Winchell & Marcy, 1805, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
ledoides, Winchell, 1800, Eep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. re-
sembling a shell of the genus Leda.]
mactroides, Winchell, 1800, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. re-
sembling a shell of the genus Mactra.]
marionensis, Swallow, 1800, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
nebrascensis, Geinitz, 1806, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
nilesi, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nitida, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. smooth,
neat.]
nuptialis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. nuptial.]
otoensis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
peroblonga, Meek& Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat oblong.]
philipi, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
radiata, see Clinopistha radiata.
reflexa, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. turned back, reversed.]
rhomboidea, Hall, 1877, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. rhomboidal.]
semiorbiculata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
half orb-shaped.]
strigillata, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. fur-
rowed.]
subangulata, see Cypricardites subangu-
latus.
subtruncata, Hall, 1847, see Cypricardites
subtruncatus.
subtruncata, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat trun-
cated.]
tapetiformis, Meek, 1875, (E. tapesiformis)
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
tapet, a carpet; formis, like.]
undulata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gf. [Sig. undulated.]
unioniformis, Phillips, 1830, (Isocardia
unioniformis) Geol. Yorkshire, vol. 2,
Carboniferous. [Sig. resembling the
shell of the genus Unio.']
ventricosa, Hall, see Cypricardites ventri-
cosus.
Extolium, Meek, 1804, Cal. Geo. Sur., vol.
2. [Ety. enlos, inside; Irion, smooth.]
avicula, Swallow, 1858, (Pecten avicu-
lus) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Avicula.~\
cooperensis, Shumard, 1855, (Avicula
cooperensis) Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
Eoptkria, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. eos, dawn ; pteron, a wing.] Prof.
Billings says if Euchasma is the same
as Eopteria, then he desires Eopteria to
be withdrawn from science.
(?) ornata, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
richardsoni, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
typica, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. type of the genus.]
Euchasma, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
< [Ety. eu, well ; chasma, a hollow.]
blumenbachi, Billings, 1859, (Conocar-
dium blumenbachi) Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ErciioxnKiA, Meek, 1874, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 7, a subgeneric name
proposed for Avicidopecten neglectus, on
account of its peculiar hinge line.
Eumkrotis, syn. for Pseudomonotis.
curia, see Pseudomonotis curta.
hawni, see Pseudomonotis hawni.
Imwni var. ovata, see Pseudomonotis
hawni var. ovata.
limuni var. sinuata, see Pseudomonotis
hawni var. sinuata.
Exochorhynchus, Meek, 1864, Pal. Up. Mo.
[Ety. exochos, prominent ; rhynchos,
beak.] This name was suggested as
a probable genus or subgenus to in-
clude iSedyivtckia altirodratu.
Gervillia, DeFrance, 1820, Diet. Sci. Nat.,
xviii. [Ety. proper name.] This
genus is probably unknown in the
palaeozoic rocks.
auricula, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. the ear lap.]
longa, see Avicula longa.
Umgispina, see Monopteria longispina.
192
LAMELLIBRA NCHI ATA.
strigosa, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat, Hist., vol. 9, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
lean, thin.] This species may belong
to the genus Bakevellia.
sulcata, see Avicnla sulcata.
Goniophora, Phillips, 1848. [Ety. gonia, an
mgle; phoros, bearing.] Ooniophorus
was used by Agassiz for a genus of
Echinoderms in 1840.
acuta, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. acute.]
bellula, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
"Up. Sil. [Sig. small and beautiful.]
consimilis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Sig. very like, just such
another.]
glabra, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
hamiltonensis, Hall, 1870, (Sanguinolites
hamiltonensis) Prelim. Notice Lam.
Shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mediocris, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Sig. middling.]
perangulata, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very angular.]
rugosa, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites ru-
gosa) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. wrinkled.]
transiens, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Sig. transient, passing.]
Gkammysia, DeVerneuil, 1847, Bull. Soc.
Geo. France. [Ety. gramme, a line of
writing; Mys, a mussel shell, in allu-
sion to the transverse furrows which
cross the valves from the umbones to
the middle of the ventral margin.]
acadica, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
alveata, Conrad, 184l,(Posidonia alveata)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
hollowed out.]
arcuata, Conrad, 1841, (Posidonia arcuata)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
arched.]
bisulcata, Conrad, 1838, (Pterinea bisul-
cata, 1841,) (Cypricardites bisulcata)
Ann. Rep. N. Y. , Ham. Gr. [Sig. two-
furrowed.]
canadensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
chemungensis, Pitt, 1874, Buff. Soc. Nat.
Hist., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
circularis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. and Chemung Gr. [Sig.
circular.]
constricta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
elliptica, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lain.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
erecta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. erect.]
globosa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. globose.]
hamiltonensw, syn. for G. bisulcata.
hannibalensis, Shumard, 1855, (Allorisma
hannibalensis) Geo. Sur. Mo., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lirata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
magna, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. large.]
nodocostata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. having
nodes on the ribs.]
obsoleta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
parallela, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. parallel.]
precursor, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Schoharie grit. [Sig. a fore-
runner.]
remota, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. remote.]
rhomboidalis, Meek & Worthen, 18G5,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. rhomboidal.]
rhomboides, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Sig. rhomb-
like.]
rustica, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. rough, rustic]
secunda, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. following.]
subarcuata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
somewhat like G. arcuata.']
ventricosa, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Waverly Gr. [Sig. ventri-
cose.]
Gryphorhynchus, Meek, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci.
Not denned.
Ilionia, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geol.
[Ety. proper name.]
canadensis, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sinuata, Hall, 1859, (Anatina sinuata) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
wavy.]
Inoceramus, Sowerby, 1818, Min. Conch., vol.
2. This genus is unknown in Amer-
ican palaeozoic rocks.
chemungensis, see Mytilarca chemungensis.
mytilimeris, see Mytilarca mytilimeris.
oviformis, see Mytilarca oviform is.
Ischyrinia, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. [Ety. kchyros, strong.]
plicata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. folded.]
winchelli, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Isocardia, Klein, 1753, Tent. Meth. Ostr.
[Ety. isos, like; kardia, the heart.]
This is an existing littoral genus that
burrows in the sand. It is not known
in the palaeozoic rocks.
(?) curta, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
short.]
jenme, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. * proper
name.]
unioniformis, see Edmondia unioniformis,
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
193
Leda, Schumacher, 1817, syn. for Nuculana.
barrisi, see Palseoneilo barrisi.
beUistriala, see Nuculana bellistriate.
breinrostris, see Nuculana brevirostris.
carta, see Nuculana curta.
dens-mamillata, see Nuculana dens-mam-
illata.
gibbom, see Yoldia gibbosa.
knoxensis, see Yoldia knoxensis.
leristriata, see Yoldia levistriata.
nuculiformis, see Nuculana nuculiformis.
oweni', see Yoldia oweni.
pandoriformis, see Nuculana pandori-
forinis.
polita, see Nuculana polite.
rmhmsis, see Yoldia rushensis.
toccata, see Nuculana saccate.
mbecittda, see Yoldia subscitula.
Leiopteris, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5.
[Ety. lews, smooth ; pteron, a wing.] A
proposed genus in the family Awculidse.
Leptodomus, McCoy, 1844, Synopsis Carb.
Foss. Ireland. [Ety. leptos, slender;
dornus, house.]
arata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
5, Silurian. [Sig. furrowed.]
canadensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
clavate, Winch ell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.]
granosnx, see Allorisma granosum.
topekaensis, see Sedgwickia topekaensis.
Lima, Brugueire, 1791, Encycl. Meth. and
Deshayes, 1824, Descrip. de Coquilles
fossiles des environs de Paris. [Ety.
lima, a file.]
glabra, see Pernopecten glaber.
macroptera, see Limoptera macroptera.
ofisolcta, see Pernopecten obsoletus.
retifera, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. net-
bearing.]
rugscstriata, see Aviculopecten rugsestri-
atus.
Limoptera, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. Lima, a
genus of shells ; pteron, a wing.]
cancellata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells.Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. cancellated.]
curvate, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. curved.]
macroptera, Conrad, 1838, (Lima macrop-
tera) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
long-winged.]
obsolete, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
pauperate, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells,Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. poor.]
triquetra, Conrad, Ham. Gr. [Sig. a
triangle.]
Litiiophaga, Lamarck, 1812, Hist. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. litJios, stone; phago, I eat.]
lingualis, Phillips, 1836, (Modiola lin-
gualis) Geol. Yorkshire, vol. 2, Keo-
kuk Gr. [Sig. tongue-like.]
pertenuis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. very slender.]
Lucina, Bruguiere, 1792, Encyclop. Meth.
[Ety. mythological name.]
elliptica, see Paracyclas elliptica.
elliptica var. occidentals, see Paracyclas
elliptica var. occidentalis.
hamiltonensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low.
Peninsula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
liraia, see Paracyclas lirato.
occidentalis, Billings, 1859, Assiniboine &
Saskatchewan Ex. Exped., Devonian.
This name was preoccupied by Con-
rad for an Eocene species.
ohioensis, see Paracyclas ohioensis.
retusa, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. blunt.]
Lunulacardium, Munster, 1840, Beitrage
zur Petrefaktenkunde. [Ety. lunula,
a little moon; Cardium, a genus of
shells.]
acutirostrum, Hall, 1843, (Pinnopsis acu-
tirostra) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Portage Gr. [Sig. acute-beaked.]
curtum, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. short.]
fragilis, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. frail.]
marcellense, Vanuxem, 1843, (Cypricar-
dites marcellensis) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist.
N. Y., Marcellus shale. [Ety. proper
name.]
ornatum, Hall, 1843, (Pinnopsis ornate)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Portage Gr.
[Sig. adorned.]
Lyonsia, Turton, 1822. Not found in palaeo-
zoic rocks.
concava, see Sedgwickia concava.
Lyriopecten, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5.
[Ety. lyrion, a lyre ; Pecten, a genus of
shells.]
anomifeformis, Hall, 1877, Pal. N.Y., vol.
5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Anomxa.~\
macrodonta, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol-
5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. from the large
teeth-like ridges.]
orbiculatus, Hall, 1843, (Avicula orbicu-
lata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. orbicular.]
parallelodonte, Hall, 1877, Pal N. Y.,
vol. 5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. from the
broad straight hinge line.]
Lyrodesma, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. lyra, a harp; desma, a
ligament.]
cincinnatiense, Hall, 18 71, Pamphlet,
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
planum, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. planus, flat.]
poststriatum, Emmons, 1842, (Nuculana
poststriata) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Black
Riv. Gr. [Ety. striated posteriorly.]
pulchellum, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. pulcheUus, beau-
tiful.]
194
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
M acrodon, Lycett, 1845, Murch. Geo. Chelt.
[Ety. macros, long; odous, a tooth.]
carbonarius, Cox, 1857, (Area carbona-
rius) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Sig. pertaining to coal.]
chemungensis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. Shells, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cochlearis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. spoon-
shaped.] Prof. Hall suggests that it is
a syn. for M. parvus.
curtus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Carb.
[Sig. short.]
delicatus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
delicate.]
hamiltonise, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hardingi, Dawson, 18 68, Acad. Geol.,
Carb- [Ety. proper name.]
micronema, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Chester Gr.
[Sig. a small thread.]
obsoletus, Meek, 1871, Reg. Rep. Univer-
sity W. Va., Coal Meas. [Sig. ob-
solete.]
ovatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverly Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
parvus, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. small.]
shubenacadiensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad.
Geo., Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
tenuistriata, Meek & Worthen, 1867, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. fine-
lined.]
Matheria, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3. [Ety. proper name.]
tenera, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 3, Trenton Gr. [Sig. tender, del-
Megalomus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. megale, great ; omos, shoulder.]
canadensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Guelph Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Megambonia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. mega, great; ambon, the boss of
a shield.]
aviculoidea, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like an Avicula.]
bellistriata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. beautifully
striated.]
cancellata,-Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. cancellated.]
cardiiformis, Hall, 1843, (Pterinea cardii-
formis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Cornif. Gr. [Sig. like a Cardium.~\
cordiformis, see Mytilarca cordiformis.
jamesi, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
This shell probably belongs to the
genus Ambonychia.
lamellosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Oriskany sandstone. [Sig. made of
thin plates.]
lata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. wide, expanded on
the posterior slope.]
lyoni, syn. for Cardiopsis radiata.
mytiloidea, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. like the MytUm.l
oblonga, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
obscura, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. characters ob-
scure.]
ovata, syn. for Mytilarca mytilimeris.
ovoidea, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. ovoidal.]
rhomboidea, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. rhomboidal ]
spinneri, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
' striata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
5, Silurian. [Sig. striated.]
subcordiformis, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. some-
what like M. cordiformis.]
suborbicularis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
orbicular.]
Megaptera, Meek & Worthen, 1866. The
name was preoccupied.
Microdon, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8. This name was applied by
Agassiz to a genus of fish in 1833, and
was also preoccupied for a genus of
insects.
bellistriata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautifully
lined.]
complanatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
gregaria, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. gregarious.]
reservatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, AVaverly Gr. [Sig. preserved.]
tenuistriata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. finely
lined.]
Modiola, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Ety. modiolus, a small measure
or drinking vessel.]
avonia, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
concentrica, see Modiomorpha concentrica.
lingualis, see Lithoj)haga lingualis.
metella, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
minor, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
2nd series, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
less.]
obtusa, see Modiolopsis obtusa.
pooli, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
prsecedens, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. sur-
passing, going before.]
wyomingensis, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., 2d series, vol. 2, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
195
Modiolopsis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. Modiola, a genus of shells ; opsis,
appearance; from its resemblance to
Modiola.]
adrastia, Billings, 18G2, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Kiv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
anodontoides, Conrad, 1847, (Cypricardites
anodontoides) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. from its resemblance
to the genus Anodonta.']
arcuata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. bent, bow-shaped.]
aviculoides, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. resembling an
Avicula.]
carinata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
cincinnatiensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety
proper name.]
concentrica, Hall & Whitfield, 1872, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. concen-
tric]
curta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. short.]
dicteus, Hall, 1807, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
(?) dubia, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
exilis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. slender.]
faba, Conrad, 1842, in Emmons' Geo.
Rep. N. Y., Black Riv., Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a bean.]
gesneri, Billings, 1802, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton and Black Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
latus, see Cypricardites latus.
maia, Billings, 1802, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
meyeri, Billings, 1802, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
modiolaris, Conrad, 1838, (Pterinea mod-
iolaris) Ann. Geo. Rep. N. Y., Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. like a Modiola.']
modioliformis, Meek & Worth en, 1808,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
like a Modiola.']
mytiloides, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. like
a shell of the genus Mytilus.~\
nais, Billings, 1802, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
nasuta, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites
nasutus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. nasute.]
nuculiformis, seeTellinomya nuculiformis.
obtusa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Birdseye Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
orthonota, Conrad, 1839, (Unio orthono-
tus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina sand-
stone. [Sig. straight-backed.]
orthonota, Meek & Worthen, 1808, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Trenton Gr. This
name was preoccupied.
ovata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
parallela, Conrad, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. parallel.]
parviuscula, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. very
small.]
perlata, Hall, 1870, 28th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. very wide.]
perovata, see Modiomorpha perovata.
pholadiformis, Hall, 1851, Lake Sup.
Land Dist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. like the Plu>la$.~\
plana, Hall, 1801, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. smooth.]
primigenia, Conrad, 1838, (Unio primi-
genius) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Medina
sandstone. [Sig. first-born.]
recta, Hall, 1807, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. straight.]
rhomboidea, Hall, 1800, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. rhomboidal.]
rudis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. rude.]
striata, Billings, 1800, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. striated.]
subalata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton & Niagara Gr. [Sig. some-
what winged.]
subcarinata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. somewhat cari-
nated.]
subnasuta, Hall, 1800, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. somewhat nasute.]
mbnamta, Meek & Worthen, 1870. This
name was preoccupied.
subspatulata, Hall, 1847. See Cypricar-
dites subspatulatus.
superba, Hall, 1801, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. grand.]
terminalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. terminating.]
trentonensis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name]
truncata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. cut short.]
undulostriata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y, vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. having waved
stricG 1
varia, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. different.]
versaillesensis, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Modiomorpha, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells. [Ety. contracted from
Modiola, a genus of shells; morphe,
form.]
alta, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites alta)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
from the elevation of the hinge
margin.]
alata, Hall, 1843, (Cypricardites alata)
Geo. Rep. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig.
winged.]
196
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
angustata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Cvpricardites
angustata) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Catskill
Gr. [Sig. narrowed.]
catskillensis, Vanuxem, 1842, (Cypricar-
dites catskillensis) Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Catskill Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
complanata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
concentrica, Conrad, 1838, (Cypricardites
concentrica) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. marked with con-
centric lines.]
cymbula, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. a small boat.]
hyalea. Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
inornata, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Sig. unadorned.]
macilenta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. lean,
meager.]
perovata, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Modi-
olopsis perovata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Ham. Gr. [Sig. very ovate.]
planulata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. flattened.]
ponderosa, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. large.]
quadrula, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. a
small square.]
subalata, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites
subalata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. somewhat winged.]
Monoptekia, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Chi. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 1. [Ety.
monos, single ; pteron, a wing. ]
gibbosa, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. gib-
bous, tumid.]
longispina, Cox, 1857, (Gervillia longi-
spina) Geo. Sur. Ky., vol. 3, Coal
Meas. [Sig. long-spined.]
marian, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Monotis, Bronn, 1824, System Urweltlicher
Konchylien. [Ety. monos, one ; ous-
otos, ear.]
elevata, Conrad, 1848, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 3, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
elevated.]
gregaria, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Coal Meas.,
[Sig. clustered together, found in
flocks.]
halli, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
hawni, see Eumicrotis hawni.
poulsoni, Conrad, 1848, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 3, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
princeps, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. primitive, original.]
radialis, Phillips, 1834, (Pecten radialis)
Permian Gr. See Pseudomonotis
radialis.
radians, Conrad, 1842, (Pterinea radians)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. 8, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. radiating.]
speluncaria, Schlotheim, 1816, (Gryphites
speluncarius) Permian Gr. [Sig. like
a cave, den, or hole in a rock.]
variabilis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. varia-
ble, changing.]
Myalina, Koninck, 1844, Desc. Anim. Foss.
Carb. Belg. [Ety. Mya, a genus of
shells ; inns, like.]
angulata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester Gr. [Sig.
angulated.]
apachei, Marco u, 1858, Geol. North
America, Carboniferous. [Ety. proper
name.]
aviculoides, Meek & Hayden, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Permian Gr.
[Sig. like an Avicula.]
aviculoides, Winchell, 1862. This name
was preoccupied,
concentrica, Meek & Worthen, 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. having concentric lines.]
deltoidea, Gabb, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Sig. like the
Greek letter Delta.']
imbricaria, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. imbri-
cated.]
iowensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
kansasensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
keokuk, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
meliniformis, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Chi. Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
in the form of a purse.]
michiganensis, Winchell, 18 6 2, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
mytiliformis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Clinton Gr. [Sig. like a Mytilus.']
perattenuata, Meek & Hayden, 18 62,
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4. Coal Meas.
[Sig. very much drawn out, attenu-
ated.]
permiana, Swallow, 1858, (Mytilus per-
mianus) Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
Permian Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
perniformis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. in the form
of a PernaJ]
pterineseformis, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
in the form of a Pterinea.]
recta, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. straight.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
197
recurvirostris, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal
Meas. [Sig. beaked, recurved.]
squamosa, Sowerby, 1827, Trans. Geo.
Soc. Lond., 2d ser., vol. 3, Permian
Gr. [Sig. rough, scaly.]
subquadrata, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat qua-
drate.]
st. ludovici, Worthen, 1873, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 5, St. Louis Gr. [Ety. proper
name; Sanctus Ludovicus, St. Louis.]
swallovi, McChesney, 1860, New Pal.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Mytilarca, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells. [Ety. from the two genera
Mytilus and Area.}
arenacea, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Schoharie grit. [Sig. sandy.]
attenuata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
elongated.]
canadensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
carinata, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. carinated.]
chemungensis, Conrad, 1842, (Inoceramus
chemungensis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cordiformis, Hall, 1859, (Megambonia cor-
diformis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. heart-shaped.]
fibristriata, White & Whitfield, 1862,
(Mytilus fibristriatus) Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
fibre-lined.]
mytilimeris, Conrad, 1842, (Inoceramus
mvtilimeris) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. Mytilus
a genus of shells; meros, a part.]
nitida, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Sig. neat, pretty.]
occidentalis, White & Whitfield, 1862,
(Mytilus occidentalis) Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. western.]
oviformis, Conrad, 1842, (Inoceramus
oviformis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. egg-shaped.]
ponderosa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. large,
heavy.]
radiata, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
sigillum, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep., Niag-
ara Gr. [Sig. a seal.]
triquetra, Conrad, 1838, (Pterinea tri-
quetra) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. a triangle.]
Mytilus, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.
[Ety. Mytilus, the fish mussel.] This
genus does not, so far as known, ex-
ist in palaeozoic rocks. Most of the
species referred to it belong to the
genus Myalina.
concavus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig. con-
cave.]
fibrhtratus, see Mvtilarca fibristriata.
occidentalis, see Mytilarca occidentalis.
ottawensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
permianus, see Myalina permiana.
squamosus, Sowerby, 1839, Trans. Geol.
Soc. Lond., vol. 4, Permian Gr. [Sig.
rough, scaly.]
tenuiradiatus, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender-rayed.]
whitfieldanus, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] Prof. Hall suggests
that this is a syn. for Mytilarca fibris-
triata.
Naiadites, Dawson, 1860, Acad. Geol., but
not defined. The name was used for
a gentis of plants by Buckman in
1843. The fossils were defined by
Salter in 1861, under the name of
Anthracomya.
angulata, see Anthracomya angulata.
arenaceus, see A. arenacea.
carbonarius, see A. carbonaria.
elongata, see A. elongata. ,
Ixvis, see A. lsevis.
obtusa, see A. obtusa.
oralis, see A. ovalis.
Nucula, Lamarck, 1815, Hist. Nat. des An.
sans Vert. [Ety. nucula, a little nut.]
anodontoides, Meek, 1871, Reg. Rep. Uni-
versity W. Va., Coal Meas. [Sig. like
an Anodonta.]
arata, Hall, 1852, Stansbury's Ex. to Gr.
Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. furrowed.]
bellatula, syn. for N. bellistriata.
bellistriata, Conrad, 1841, (Nuculites
bellistriatus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. beautifully striated.]
beyrichia, Schlotheim, as identified by
Geinitz. See Nucula parva.
corbuliformis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. & Chemung Gr.
[Sig. resembling a Corbula.}
cylindricus, syn. for Cardiomorpha mis-
souriensis.
donaciformis see Tellinomya donaciformis.
fabula, see Cleidophorus fabula.
hians, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. gaping.]
houghtoni, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
hubbardi, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. Syn. for Nu-
culites sulcatinus.
iowensis, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
kazanensis, as identified by Geinitz is Nu-
culana bellistriata.
levata, see Tellinomya levata.
lineata, see Tellinomya lineata.
198
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
lineolata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Portage Gr. [Sig. marked with
small lines.]
lirata, Conrad, 1842, (Nuculites liratus)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
machierseformis, see Tellinomya machse-
rseformis.
mactrseformis, see Tellinomya mactne-
formis.
merceremis, syn. for Cardiomorpha mis-
souriensis.
microdonta, Winchell, 18G3, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. small-
toothed.]
minuta, Owen, 1840, Rep. on Min. Lands,
Devonian. The name was preoccu-
pied by De France in 182").
nasuta, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst., vol.
4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. nasute.]
neda, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name]
niotica, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
obliqua, see Tellinomya obliqua.
oblonga, see Cleidophorus oblongus.
parva, McChesney, 1860, New Pal. Foss.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. small.]
poststriata, see Lyrodesma poststriatum.
randalli, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. and Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
rectangula, McChesney, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. rectan-
gular.]
sectoralis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. like a
sector.]
shumardana, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Stella, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. a star.]
subnasuta, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
nasute.]
varicosa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. varicose.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1858, Geo. Sur. Iowa,
Coal Meas. [Sig. bulging out.]
Nuculana, Link, 1807, Rost. Samml., vol. 3.
[Ety. like a shell of the genus Nu-
cula.']
bellistriata, Stevens, 1858, (Leda bellis-
triata) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 25, Coal
Meas. [Sig. beautifully striated.]
bellistriata var. attenuata, Meek, 1872,
Pal. E. Neb., Coal Meas. [Sig. drawn
out, attenuated.]
brevirostris, Hall, 1870, (Leda (?) brevi-
rostris) Prelim. Notice Lam. shells,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. short-beaked.]
curta, Meek, 1861, (Leda curta) Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. short.]
dens-mamillata, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. having
mammillated teeth.]
nuculiformis, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
the resemblance to Nucula.]
pandoriformis, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Pandora.}
saccata, Winchell, 1863. (Leda saccata)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. like a little bag.]
vaseyana, McChesney, 1860, (Nuculites
vaseyana) Desc. New Pal. Foss., Ham.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Nuculites, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. Nucula, a genus of shells.]
altus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Devonian. [Sig. high.]
appressus, see Cytherodon appressus.
bellislriatus, see Nucula bellistriata.
carinatus, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Up. Sil. [Sig. keeled.]
cJiemungcnsis, see Schizodus chemungensis.
concentricus, Conrad, 1842, J.our. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
concentric]
constrictus, see Palreoneilo constricta.
cuneiformis, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham Gr. [Sig. wedge-shaped.]
emargiuatus, see Palaxmeilo emarginata.
faba, see Modiolopsis faba.
filosus, see Palseoneilo filosa.
inflatus, see Cypricardinia inflata.
lamellosus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Up. Sil. [Sig. having lamellae]
liratus, see Nucula lirata.
mactroides, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Low. Carb. [Sig.
like a shell of the genus Mactra.~\
maxima, see Palaeoneilo maxima,
multilineatus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. many-
lined.]
nyssa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oblongus, see Cleidophorus oblongus.
oblongatus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Geo. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
planulatus, see Cleidophorus planulatus.
poststriata, see Lyrodesma poststriatum.
radiatus, see Pholadella radiata.
rostellatus, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. little-beaked.]
scitula, syn. for Cleidophorus planulatus.
subemarginata, see Tellinopsis subemargi-
nata.
sulcatinus, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Low. Carb. [Sig. furrowed.]
triqueter, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. triangular.]
vaseyana, see Nuculana vaseyana.
Nyassa, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells. [Ety. proper name.]
arguta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. clearly
marked.]
elliptica, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. ellipticaUJ
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
recta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. from the
straight umbonal ridge.]
subalata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
winged.]
Opisthoptera, Meek. Not defined.
Orthodesma, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2. [Ety. ortfws, straight;
desma, a ligament.]
contractum, Hall, 1847, (Orthonota con-
tracta) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. contracted.]
curvatum, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. curved.]
parallelum, Hall, 1847, (Orthonota paral-
lel) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. parallel.]
rectum, Hall & Whitfield,1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. straight.]
Orthonota Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. ortJws, straight; notos, the back.]
angulifera, (?) McCoy, 1850, Brit, Pal.
Rocks, Up. Sil. [Sig. having angles.]
carinata, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. keeled.]
contmcta, see Orthodesma contractum.
curta, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist, N.
Y., Clinton and Niagara Gr. [Sig.
short,]
ensiformis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. ensi-
form.]
incerta, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. doubtful.]
parallda, see Orthodesma parallelum.
parvula, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
phaselia, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. a kid-
ney bean.]
pholadis, Conrad, 1838, (Pterinea phola-
dis) Ann. Geo. Rep. N. Y., Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Pholas.-]
rectidorsalis, AVinchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. straight-
backed.]
siliquoidea, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a
pod.]
simulans, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Up. Sil. [Sig. resembling.]
(?) speciosa, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 2, Up. Sil. [Sig. beautiful.]
undulata, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
venusta, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Up. Sil. [Sig. elegant.]
Ostrea, Linmeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.
[Ety. ostrea, an oyster.]
patercula, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Palxarca, syn. for Cypricardites.
saffordi, see Cypricardites saffordi.
ventrfcosa, see Cypricardites veutricosus
Pal^ocardia, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. palaois, ancient; kardia, a
heart.]
cordiformis, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. heart-shaped.]
Pal^oneilo, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells. [Ety. palaios ancient ; Neilo, a
genus of shells.]
attenuata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, AVaverly Gr. [Sig. attenuated. ]
barrisi, White & Whitfield, 1862, (Leda
barrisi) Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 8, Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bedfordensis, Meek, 1875, Pal. Ohio, vol.
2, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bisulcata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. double-sul-
cated.]
brevis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. short.]
carbonaria, see Yoldia carbonaria.
constricta, Conrad, 1842, (Nuculites con-
stricta) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. constricted.]
emarginata, Conrad, 18 41, (Nuculites
emarginata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. emarginated.]
filosa, Conrad, 1842, (Nuculites filosa)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung
Gr, [Sig. thready.]
fcecunda, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. abundant.]
maxima, Conrad, 1841, (Nuculites max-
ima) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
the largest.]
muta, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. inconspicuous.]
parallela, Hall, 1870, 23rd Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Waverly Gr. [Sig. parallel.]
perplana, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. very flat.]
plana, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. flat.]
tenuistriata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. fine-
lined.]
Pal.eanatina, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells. [Ety. palaios, ancient;
Anatina, a genus of shells.] The
family name at the head of this class
should be spelled Pabeanatinidsc in-
stead of PalanatinicUe.
quadrata, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. quadrate.]
typus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Ety. the type
of the genus.]
Panopxa, Menard de la Groye, 1807, Ann.
du Mus. 9. [Ety. mythological name.]
cooperi, see Chsenomya cooperi.
Paracvclas, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y. [Ety. para, allied to ; Cyclas, a
genus of shells.]
elliptica, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Comif. Gr. [Sig. elliptical,]
200
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
elliptica var. occidentalis, Hall, 1872, 24th
Reg. Rep., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig
western.]
lirata, Conrad, 1838, (Posidonia lirata)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Corniferous Gr
[Sig. furrowed.]
ohioensis, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat
Sci. Phil., Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sabini, White, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Pectcn, Mueller, 1776. This genus is un-
known in the Palaeozoic rocks.
acxdialatus, see Aviculopecten acutialatus.
armigerus, see A. armigerus.
aviculatm, see A. aviculatus.
broadfieadi, syn. for Aviculopecten car-
bon if er us.
cancdlatus, see Aviculopecten cancellatus.
carboniferus, see A. carboniferus.
clevelartdicus, see A. clevelandicus.
cohradoensis, see A. coloradoensis.
convexus, see A. convexus.
crenulatus, see Pernopecten crenulatus.
dolabriformis, see Aviculopecten dolabri-
formis.
duplicatus, see A. duplicatus.
hatti, see A. halli.
havmi, syn. for A. carboniferus.
missouriensis, see A. missouriensis.
neglectus, see A. neglectus.
occidentalis, see A. occidentalis.
providencensis, see A. providencensis.
radialis, see Pseudomonotis radialis.
ringens, see Aviculopecten ringens.
striatus, see A. striatus. [ata.
tenuilineatus, see Streblopteria tenuiline-
utahensis, see Aviculopecten utahensis.
Pernopecten, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. from the shells
Perna and Pecten.]
crenulatus, Hall, 1843, (Pecten crenula-
tus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. crenulated.]
fasciculatus, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Chemung Gr. [Sig. fasciculated.]
glaber, Hall, 1843, (Lima glaber) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr.
[Sig. smooth.]
limiformis, White & Whitfield, 1862,
(Aviculopecten limaformis) Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Lima."]
limatus, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. polished.]
obsoletus, Hall, 1843, (Lima obsoleta)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. obsolete.]
shumardanus, Winchell, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Kinderhook
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pholadella, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells. [Ety. diminutive of the
recent genus Photos.]
cuneata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. wedge-
shaped.]
newberryi, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, WaverlyGr. [Ety. proper
name.]
ornata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. orna-
mented.]
radiata, Conrad, 1842, (Nuculites radiata)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. radiated.]
truncata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. truncated.]
Phthonia, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells,
nodicostata, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. from the
nodes on the costa;.]
sectifrons, Conrad, 1842, (Cypricardites
sectifrons) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Ham.
Gr. [Sig. having a divided front.]
Pinna, Linmeus, 1758, Syst. Nat, 10th Ed.
[Ety. pinna, a feather.]
adamsi, syn. for Pinna peracuta.
binrichsana, White & St. John, 1868,
Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
marshallensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc.Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
peracuta, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. very
acute.]
subspatulata, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. some-
what spatulate or blade-shaped.]
Pinnopsis, syn. for Lunulacardium.
acutirostra, see Lunulacardium acutirost-
rum.
ornatus, see Lunulacardium ornatum.
Placunopsis, Morris & Lycett, 1853, Monogr.
Foss. Great Oolite. [Ety. Placuna, a
genus of shells; opsk, resemblance.]
carbonaria, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc.
Chi. Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. pertaining to coal.]
recticardinalis, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. straight on
the cardinal line.]
Pleurophorus, King, 1844, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., vol. 14. [Ety. pleuron, a rib ;
phoros, bearing.]
angulatus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
angulated.]
calhouni, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Ed-
monia calhouni) Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
costatiformis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. like P. costatus.]
oblongus, Meek, 1872, Pal. E. Neb., Coal
Meas. [Sig. oblong.]
occidentalis, Meek & Hayden, 1862, Trans.
Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
western.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
201
pallasi, as identified by Geinitz, is P.
oblongus.
permianus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
quadricostatus, Dawson, 18G8, Acad. Geo.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
simplus, as identified by Geinitz, is P.
subcuneatus.
subcostatus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat costated.]
subcuneatus, Meek & Harden, 1858,Trans.
Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Permian Gr. [Sig.
somewhat wedge-shaped.]
(?) subellipticus, Meek, 1867, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 4-i, Coal Meas. [Sig. some-
what elliptical.]
tropidophorus, Meek, 1875, 'Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. keel- bearing.]
Pleurorhynchns, Phillips, syn. for Conocar-
dium.
attenuatus, see Conocardium attenuatum.
crassifrons, see Conocardium crassifrons.
cuneus, see Conocardium cuneus.
trigonalis, see Conocardium trigonale.
vomer, see Conocardium vomer.
PoeiDONiA, Bronn, 1824, Syst. Urweltlicher
Konchvlien. [Etv. proper name.]
alata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.
Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. winged.]
aiveQta, see Grammysia alveata.
arcuata, see Grammysia arcuata.
clathrata, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat.
8d., 2d ser., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
latticed.]
distans, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
2d ser., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. dis-
tant.]
Urata, see Paracyclas lirata.
moorei, Gabb, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
perstriata, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. closely lined.]
Posidonomya, Bronn, 1837, Leth. Geogn.
[Ety. Poseidon, a proper name ; Mya,
a genus of shells.]
ambigua, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
fracta, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Coal
Meas. [Sig. frail, easily broken.]
mesambonata, Winchell, 18 62, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety.
mesos, middle; ambon, umbone.]
rhomboidea. Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol.
2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. rhomboidal.]
romingeri, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat-. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
striata, Stevens, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
25, Coal Meas. [Sig. striated.]
whiteana, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pkomacrus, Meek, 1871. [Ety. pro, forward;
makros, long.]
andrewsi, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Conch.,
vol. 7, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
missouriensis, see Sanguinolites missouri-
ensis.
nasutus, see Sanguinolites nasutus.
Pkothyris, Meek, 1869, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. pro. forward ; thyris,
an orifice.]
elegans, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Conch.,
vol. 7, Coal Meas. [Sig. elegant.]
meeki, Winchell, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pseudomoxotis, Beyrich, 1862, Zeit. der
Deutsch., Geol. Gesselsch., vol. 14.
[Ety. pseucbs, false; Monotis, a genus
of shells.]
curta, Hall, 1852, (Avicula custa, a typo-
graphical error) Stansbury'sEx. Ex. to
Gt.Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. short.]
hawni, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Monotis
hawni) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Up.
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hawni var. ovata, Meek & Hayden, 1865,
(Eumicrotis hawni var. ovata) Pal.
Up. Mo., Permian Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
hawni var. sinuata, Meek & Worthen,
1866, (Eumicrotis hawni var. sinuata)
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. sinuated.]
radialis, (?) Phillips, 1834, (Pecten radi-
alis) Encyc. Meth., vol. 4, Coal Meas.
[Sig. radiated.]
Ptekixea, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Petref.
[Ety. pteron, a wing.]
appressa, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. pressed together.]
arenacea, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. sandy.]
bellilineata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic. Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. beautifully
lined.]
bisulcata, see Grammysia bisulcata.
brisa, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. pressed.]
boydi, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula boydi)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cardiiformis, see Megambonia cardiiformis.
cardinata, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. hinged.]
carinata, Goldfuss, see Ambonychia cari-
nata.
chemungensis, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula
chemungensis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
concentrica, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. concentrically
lined.]
cuneata, see Sanguinolites cuneatus.
curiosa, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. curious.]
cyrtodontoides, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the genus
Cyrtodonta.]
flabellum, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula flabella)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Up. Held,
and Ham. Gr. [Sig. a little fan.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
longispina, Hall, 1843, (Avicula longi-
spina) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N.Y., Ham.
and Chemung Gr. [Sig. long-spined.]
modiolaris, see Modiolopsis modiolaris.
morganensis, see Avicula morganensis.
orbicularis, see Ambonychia orbicularis.
pholadis, see Orthonota pholadis.
planulata, see Cypricardinia planulata.
prolifica, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. abundant.]
protexta, Conrad, 1842,( Avicula protexta)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Chemung
Gr. [Sig. closely- woven.]
punctulata, Conrad, 1838, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. marked with
small dots.]
pygmsea, see Cypricardinia pygmsea.
quadrula, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula quad-
rula) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a small square.]
radians, see Monotis radians,
revoluta, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
curled back.]
striato-costata, McChesney, 1861, (Am-
bonychia strieecosta) New Pal. Foss.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. striated and ribbed. ]
suborbicularis, see Aviculopecten suborbi-
cularis.
subpapyracea, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Proc. Chi. Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
somewhat like papyrus.]
thebesensis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
thisbe, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
triquetra, see Mytilarca triquetra.
undata, see Ambonychia undata.
undulata, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
wavy.]
variostriata, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. va-
riably-lined.]
volans, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. winged.]
Ptekonitklla, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2. [Ety. diminutive of Pteronites.]
curta, Bilhngs, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. short.]
oblonga, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
venusta, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. beautiful,
lovely.]
Ptkronites, McCoy, 1844, Syn. Carb. Foss.
Ireland. [Ety. Pteron, a wing.]
(?) chemungensis, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep.
4th Dist. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
decussata, Hall, 1843, (Avicula decussata)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. arranged in pairs that cross each
other.]
gayensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geo., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
lsevis, Hall, 1843, (Avicula lams) Geo.
Rep. 4th Dist. N., Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
muricatus, Hall, 1843,(Avicula muricata)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. spiny like a Murex.]
spinigerus, Conrad, 1842, (Avicula spini-
gera) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
chemung Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
subdecussata, Hall, 1877, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat like
P. decussata.']
Ptychodesma, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. ptychos, a folding ; desma, a liga-
ment or band.]
knappanum, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pykenomceus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2.
[Ety. pyrenos, Nucula; omoios, similar;
from its resemblance in general form
to the shells of the genus Nucula.]
cuneatus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. wedge-shaped.]
Sanguinolaria, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An.
sans Vert. [Ety. Sanguinolarius, hav-
ing blood.]
leptogaster, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. leptos,
thin ; gaster, belly.]
rostrata, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. beaked.]
sectoralis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. like a
sector.]
septentrionalis, Winchell, 1862, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
northern.]
similis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. similar.]
Sanguinolites, McCoy, 1844, Synop. Carb.
Foss. Ireland. [Ety. Sanguinolaria,
a genus of shells ; lithos, stone.]
acutus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. acute.]
seolus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverly Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
amygdalinus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. like an
almond.]
arcsefornris, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Area.]
borealis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. northern.]
carinatus, Conrad, 1841, (Cypricardites
carinata) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr.
[Sig. carinated.]
chemungensis, Vanuxem, 1842, (Cypri-
cardites chemungensis) Geo. Rep. N.
Y., ChemungGr. [Ety. proper name.]
clavulus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. a small
nail.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIAfA.
203
cuneatus, Conrad,1838, (Pterinea cuneata)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
wedge-shaped.]
cylindricus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. cylin-
drical.]
flavius, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
glaucus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
Jtamiltonemis, see Goniophora hamilton-
ensis.
ida, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
iowensis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
jejunus, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. scanty, poor.]
marshallensis, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
missouriensis, Swallow, 1860, (Solen (?)
missouriensis) Trans. St. Louis Acad.
Sci., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
nasutus, Meek, 1871, Am. Jour. Conch.,
vol. 7, Low. Carb. [Sig. having a
prominent nose.]
obliquus, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Waverly Gr. [Sig. oblique.]
perangulatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Schoharie grit. [Sig. very
angular.]
ponderosus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
bulky, heavv.]
rigidus, White & Whitfield, 1862, (Cypri-
cardia rigidi) Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
sanduskyensis, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
solenoides, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Solen.']
strigatus, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. fur-
rowed.]
subtortuosus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. some-
what twisted.]
sulcifer, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing
furrows.]
tethys, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. mythological name.]
truncatus, Conrad, 1842, (Cypricardites
truncatus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. truncated.]
undatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
unioniformis, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
like a shell of the genus Unto.]
valvulus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Waverly Gr. [Sig. having
small valves, a pod.]
ventricosus, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Chemung
and Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
Sciiizodus, King, 1844, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 14. [Ety. sckizo, I split ; odous, a
tooth.] v
amplus, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
full, large.]
appressus, see Cytherodon appressus.
cayuga, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
chemungensis, Conrad, 1842, (Nuculites
chemungensis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
chesterensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Chester
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cuneatus, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. wedge-shaped.]
curtus, Meek & Worthen, 1866, Proc: Chi.
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. short.]
ellipticus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
gregarius, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. gregarious.]
medinaensis, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 23, Waverly Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
oblatus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig. oblate.]
obscw-us, see Schizodus wheeled,
ovatus, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Axinus
ovatus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Permian Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
perelegans, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
very elegant.]
quadrangularis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
quadrangular.]
rhombeus, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice
Lam. shells, Ham. Gr. [Sig. rhomb-
shaped.]
rossicus, Verneuil, 1845, Geo. Russ., vol.
2, Permian Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
triangularis, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
triangular.]
tumid us, see Cytherodon tumid us.
wheeled, Swallow, 1862, (Cypricardia (?)
wheeleri) Trans. St. Louis. Acad. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Sedgwickia, McCoy, 1844, Synop. Carb. Foss.
Ireland. [Ety. proper name.]
altirostrata, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Al-
lorisma (?) altirostrata) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. high-
beaked.]
(?) compressa, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acadi
Nat. Sci. Phil./ Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. com-
]
204
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
concava, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Lyonsia
concava) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Coal
Meas,. [Sig. concave.]
divaricata, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
Pal., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. from the
diverging plications.]
(?) fragilis, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. frail, easily
broken.]
(?) neglecta, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat
Sci. Phil., Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. neglected,
overlooked.]
subarcuata, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Keokuk Gr
[Sig. somewhat arched.]
topekaensis, Shumard, 1858, (Leptodo-
mus topekaensis) Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Solemya, Lamarck, 1818, Hist. Nat. An. sans
Vert., vol. 5. See Solenomya — the
correct orthography, first used by
Menke, 1828, Syn. Meth. Edit.
Solen, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.
[Ety. Solen, a tube or pipe.]
Scalpriformis, Winch ell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig. lancet-
shaped.]
missouriensis, see Sanguinolites missouri-
ensis.
permianus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
priscus, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Aead. Nat.
Sci., Portage Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
quadrangularis, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
quadrangular.]
Solenomya, Lamarck, 1818, (Solemya) Hist.
Nat. Anim. sans Vert., vol. 5. [Ety.
from the resemblance to the two
genera Solen and My a.]
anodontoides, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a shell of the
genus Anodonta.]
biarmica, Verneuil, 1845, Geo. Russ. and
Ural Mountains, Permian Gr. This
species has not been satisfactorily
identified in this country,
radiata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Solemya
radiata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. radiated.]
recurvata, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
curved backward.]
soleniformis, Cox, 1857, Geo. Sur. Ky.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Solen.']
vetusta, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
Solenopsis, McCoy, 1844, Carb. Foss. Ire-
land. [Ety. Solmopsis, resembling a
shell of the genus Solen.]
solenoides, Geinitz, 1866, (Clidophorus
solenoides) Carb. und Dyas in Neb.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. like a shell of the
genus Solen.]
Steeblopteria, McCoy, 1851, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. 7. [Ety.
streblos, turned the wrong way ; pteron,
a wing.]
tenuilineata, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
(Pecten tenuilineatus) Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. fine-
lined.]
Tellina, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.
[Ety. telline, a sort of mussel.] This
genus is unknown in the palaeozoic
rocks
(?) ovata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. Syn. for Palseoneilo
maxima.
Tellinomya, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1.
[Ety. from a resemblance to the genera
Tellina and My a.]
abrupta, Billings, 1862, (Ctenodonta ab-
rupta) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Black River
Gr. [Sig. abrupt.]
sequilatera, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Coralline limestone. [Sig. equal-
sided.]
alta, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. high.]
anatiniformis, see Pterotheca anatini-
formis. .
angela, Billings, 1865, (Ctenodonta an-
gela) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Quebec Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
angustata. Hall, I860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Low. Sil. [Sig. narrowed.]
astartiformis, Salter, 1859, (Ctenodonta
astartoeforaiis) Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. like an
attenuata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. attenuated.]
contracta, Salter, 1859, (Ctenodonta con-
tracta) Can. Org. Rem., Decade 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. con-
curta, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. short.]
donaciformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y-, vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. like a shell of
the genus Donax.]
dubia, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black
Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
elliptica, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. elliptical.]
gibberula, Salter, 1859, (Ctenodonta gib-
berula) Can. Org. Rem., Decade 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. a
little hunch-backed.]
gibbosa, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig.
gibbous.]
hartsvillensis, Safford, 1859, (Ctenodonta
hartsvillensis) Geo. of Tenn., Nash-
ville Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hilli, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
inflata, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
205
iphigenia, Billings, 1862, (Ctenodonta
iphigenia) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Hud. Biv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lata, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Clin-
ton Gr. [Sig. wide.]
levata, Hall, 1847, (Nucula levata) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Black Riv., Trenton and
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
lineata, Phillips, 1836, (Nucula lineata)
Pal. Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. lined.]
logani, Salter, 1851, (Ctenodonta logani)
Rep. Brit. Assoc, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
machaeriformis, Hall, 1843,(Nucula mach-
ariformis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. sword-shaped.]
mactrseformis, Hall, 1843, (Nucula mac-
trseformis) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. trough-like.]
nasuta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing a prominent nose.]
nucleiformis, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. nut-shaped.]
nuculiformis, Hall, 1847, (Modiolopsis
nuculiformis) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. like a Nucula.]
ohliqua, Hall, 1845, (Nucula obliqua)
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 43, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. oblique.]
ovata, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
pectunculoides, Hall, 18 71, Pamphlet,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. like a shell of the
genus Pectunculus.~\
protensa, Hal), 1852, Stans. Ex. to Gt.
Salt Lake, Coal Meas. [Sig. stretched
out.]
sanguinolarioidea, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. like Sangui-
nolaria.~\
subnasuta, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
nasute.]
ventricosa, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
Tellinopsis, Hall, 1870, Prelim. Notice Lam.
shells. [Ety. tellinopsis, resembling a
shell of the genus Tellina.]
subemarginata, Conrad, 1"842, (Nuculites
submarginatus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. slightly emar-
ginated.]
Ungulina, Daudin, 1802, Bosc. Hist. Nat.
Coq. 3. [Ety. ungulina, like a hoof.]
suborbicularis, see Cardiomorpha suborbi-
cularis.
Vanuxemia, syn. for Cypricardites.
bayfieldi, see Cypricardites bayfieldi.
inconstans, see Cypricardites inconstans.
montrealensis, see Cypricardites montreal-
ensis.
dixonensis, see Cypricardites dixonensis.
Yoldia, Muller, 1842, Kroyer's Nat. Tid.
[Ety. proper name.]
carbonaria, Meek, 1871, Rep. Reg. Uni-
versity W. Va., Coal Meas.- [Sig. per-
taining to coal.]
gibbosa, McChesney, 1859, (Leda gibbosa)
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. gibbous.]
knoxensis, McChesney, 1865, (Leda knox-
ensis) Expl. Pal. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
levistriata, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Leda
levistriata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
St. Louis Gr. [Sig. small-lined.]
oweni, McChesney, 1860, (Leda oweni)
Desc. New Pal. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
polita, McChesney, 1859, (Leda polita)
Pal. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. smoothed.]
rushensis, McChesney, 1865, (Leda rush-
ensis) Expl. Pal. Foss., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
stevensoni, Meek, 1871, Rep. Reg. Uni-
versity W. Va., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
subscitula, Meek & Hayden, 1858, (Leda
subscitula) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4,
Permian Gr. [Sig. somewhat pretty.]
valvulus, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. like the shell
of a bean.]
SUB-KINGDOM ARTICULATA.
First Class,
Second Class,
Third Class,
Fourth Class,
Fifth Class,
ANNELIDA.
CRUSTACEA.
ARACHNIDA.
MYRIAPODA.
INSECTA.
CLASS ANNELIDA.
GENERA. — Arenicolites, Conchicolites, Cornulites, Salterella, Serpulites, Spirorbis.
Arenicolites, Salter, 1856, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. [Ety. arena, sand ; colo, I inhabit ;
lithos, stone; circular boles which
appear in twos on the surface of sand-
stones, and having the appearance of
worm-burrows like those of the Areni-
cola.~\
spiralis, as identified by Billings, and
others, Pal. Foss., vol. 2, Huronian
Gr. [Sig. spiral.]
Conchicolites, Nicholson, 1872, Am. Jour.
Sci. [Ety. concha, a shell ; colo, I
dwell ; lithos, a stone.]
corrugatus, Nicholson, 1872, Lond. Geo.
Mag.,vol. 9,Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. corrugated.]
flexuosus, Hall, 1847, (Tentaculites flex-
uosus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton &
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. flexuous.l
intermedius, Nicholson, 1874, (Ortonia
intermedia) Geo. Mag., n. s., vol. 1,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
minor, Nicholson, 1873, (Ortonia minor)
Lond. Geo. Mag., vol. 10, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. less.]
Cornulites, Schlotheim, 1820, Petrefacten-
kunde. [Ety. cornu, horn ; lithos,
stone.]
arcuatus, Conrad, 1848, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bent,
bow-shaped.]
flexuosus, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. wavy.]
flexuosus ear. gracilis, Hall, 1860, Can.
Nat. & Geo., vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig.
slender.]
proprius, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. peculiar, lasting.]
Ortonia, Nicholson, 1872, Lond. Geo. Mag.,
vol. 9. This is a synonym for Conch-
icolites, if indeed both are not syn-
onyms for Cornulites.
conica, syn. for Conchicolites flexuosus.
intermedia, see Conchicolites intermedius.
minor, see Conchicolites minor.
Salterella, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1. [Ety. proper name.]
billingsi, Safford, 1869, Geo. of Tenn.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
obtusa, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
pulchella, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very beautiful.]
rugosa, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
Serpida, Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.
[Ety. serpo, to creep.]
omphalodes, see Spirorbis omphalodes.
valvata, see Spirorbis valvatus.
Serpulites, McLeay, 1839, Murch. Sil. Syst.
[Ety. Serpula, a genus of annelids.]
anhulatus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. ringed.]
dissolutus, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. weak, broken.]
hortonensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
inelegans, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Sig. not elegant.]
murchisoni, Hall, 1861, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
splendens, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geo., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. splendid. ]
ANNELIDA.
207
Spirokbis, Lamarck, 1801, Syst. An. sans
Vert. [Sig. spiral-whorl.]
ammon, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
angulatus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N.Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. angular.]
angulatus, Dawson, 1868. The name was
preoccupied.
annulatus, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. ringed.]
annulatus var. nodulosus, Hall, 1858,
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. full of knots.]
arietinus, Dawson, 1869, Rep. of Progr.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. resembling a ram's
horn.]
arkonensis, Nicholson, 1874, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 1, Ham. Gr, [Ety. proper name.]
carbonarius, Dawson, 1845, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc., vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pertaining to coal.]
flexuosus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bent.]
inornatus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. not orna-
mented.]
laxus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. loose.]
obesus, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Pen-
insula Mich., Ham. Gr. [Sig. plump
in form.]
orbiculostoma, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
orbicular-mouthed . ]
valvatus, Goldfuss, 1826, (Serpula valvata).
Not American.
CLASS CKUSTACEA.
FAMILY ACIDASPID^E.— Acidaspis, Terataspis.
FAMILY AGLASPIDiE— Aglaspis.
FAMILY AGNOSTID^E.— Agnostus, Shumardia.
FAMILY ASAPHID^E. — Asaphus, Bathyurellus, Bathyurus, Dolichometopus, Ilkenus,
Illsenurus, Isotelus, Megalaspis, Nileus, Ogygia.
FAMILY BRONTEIDyE.-Bronteus.
FAMILY CALYMENID.E.— Arges, Calymene, Homalonotus.
FAMILY CERAURIDiE. — Amphion, Ceraurus, Encrinurus, Sphserexochus.
FAMILY CONOCEPHALIDJE.— Conocephalites, Conocoryphe, Crepicephalus, Dicello-
cephalus, Ptychaspis, Solenopleura.
FAMILY CYPHxYSPID^.— Cyphas.
FAMILY CYTHERID/E.— Cythere, Cytherina, Cytheropsis.
FAMILY ETJRYPTERIDiE.— -Anthraconectes, Dolichopteris, Eurypterus, Pterygotus.
FAMILY HARPEDID.E.— Harpes, Harpides.
FAMILY LEPERDITIID^E.— Beyrichia, Isochilinia, Leperditia, Primitia.
FAMILY LICHASID.E.— Lichas.
FAMILY PARADOXIDiE— Agraulos, Anapolenus, Arionellus, Bathynotus, Chario-
cephalus, Loganellus, Menocephalus, Olenellus, Olenus, Paradoxides, Remopleu-
rides, Telephus, Triarthrella, Triarthrus.
FAMILY PHACOPID^E.— Dalmanites, Phacops, Thaleops.
FAMILY PROETID^E.— Phillipsia, Prcetus. [cleus.
FAMILY TRINUCLEIDvE. — Ampyx, Endymionia, Holometopus, Microdiscus, Trinu-
ORDER AMPHIPODA.— Diplostylus.
ORDER CIRRHOPODA.— Plumulites.
ORDER ISOPODA— Acanthotelson.
ORDER MACRURA. — Anthraeopalsemon, Archseocaris, Palseocaris.
ORDER PHYLLOPODA. — Ceratiocaris, Dithyrocaris, Leaia, Solenocaris.
ORDER STOMAPODA.— Amphipeltis.
ORDER XYPHOSURA.— Euproops.
INCERTyE SEDIS. — Climachtichnites, Diplichnites, Helminthoidichnites, Protichnites,
Rusichnites.
Acantfwloma, syn. for Acidaspis.
gpinosa, syn. for Acidaspis tuberculata.
Acanthotelson, Meek & Worthen, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. akantha,
a spine; telson, the end.]
eveni. Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 46, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
iruequalis, syn. for Palseocaris typus.
stimpsoni, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Acidaspis, Murchison, 1839, Sil. Syst. [Ety.
akis, a spear-point; aspis, a shield.]
anchoralis, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., Cin. Gr. [Sig. anchor-like.]
ceralepta, Anthony, 1838, (Ceratocephala
ceralepta) Am. Jour. Sci., Cin'ti Gr.
Not clearly denned,
cincinnatiensis, Meek, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
crosotus, Locke, 1843, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
44, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. crossotos, fringed.]
The word is misspelled— it should be
crossota.
CRUSTACEA.
209
danai, Hall, 1862, Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
criopis, see Terataspis eriopis.
qrcmdis, see Terataspis grandis.
halli, Shumard, 18 55, Geo. Sur. Mo
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
haniata, Conrad, 1841, (Dieranurus luuu-
atus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. hooked.]
horani, Billings, 185 9, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iila, svn. for Aeidaspis danai.
onealli, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
parvula, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. very small.]
tpiniger, see Bathvurus spiniger.
trentonensis, Hail, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol.
1, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tuberculata, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Rep. N.
Y., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. tubercu-
lated.]
Aglaspis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. & 1862,
Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 6. [Ety. Aglaos,
bright; swu, shield.]
barrandi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
A.GNOST0S, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat. Crust.
Foss. [Ety. agnostos, obscure.]
acadicus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
americanus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bidens, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo. Rep.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. two-pronged.]
canadensis, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
coloradoensis, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
disparilis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
fabius, Billings, 186-5, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
galba, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
interstrictus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. drawn to-
gether.]
josepha, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
fate*, see Beyrichia lata,
lobatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. lobate.]
maladensis, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
nobilis, Ford, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 3, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. ex-
cellent.]
orion, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
parilis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. like, equal.]
similis, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Sig. similar, from resemblance
to A. acadicus.']
A(.k.ulos, Corda, 1847, Bohemian Trilobites.
[Ety. proper name.]
affinis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. near to; closely
allied to A. socialis.]
oweni, Meek & Hayden, 1861, (Arionel-
lus oweni) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
socialis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. living in groups.]
strenuus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. vigorous.]
Amimiiox, Pander, 18:50, Beitrage zur Geog-
nosie des Russischen Reiches. [Ety.
mythological name.]
barrandi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
canadensis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geol., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
convexus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. convex.]
insularis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. on an island.]
julius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
matutinus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. in the morning.]
multkegmentatus, see Encrinurus multiseg-
mentatus.
salteri, Billings, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 6, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
westoni, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Amphipeltis, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19. [Ety. amphi, doubtful :
peliis, provided
buckler.]
with a shield or
paradoxus, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Devonian. [Sig. extra-
ordinary.]
Ampyx, Dalman, 1827, Monograph of Trilo-
bites. [Ety. mythological name.]
halli, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laeviusculus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. quite smooth.]
normalis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. according to the
square.]
rutilius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
semicostatus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. half-ribbed.]
AxopoLExrs, Salter, 1864, Geo. Mag., vol. 1.
[Ety. a, without ; ops, an eye ; olena,
convexity.]
venustus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Low. Potsdam Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Axthraconectes, Meek & Worthen, 1868,
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 46. [Ety. anthrax,
coal ; nectos, swimming.] A subgenus
of Eurypterus, founded upon E.
mazontnsis, as the type.
210
CRUSTACEA.
Anthracopal^emon, Salter, 1861, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 17. [Ety. an-
thrax, coal ; pakemon, ancient prawn
or shrimp.]
gracilis, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender.]
hillanus, Dawson, 1877, Geo. Mag., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Arciijeocaris, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. archaios, ancient;
karis, a shrimp.]
vermiformis, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Sig. worm-
shaped.]
Arges, Goldfuss, 1839, Nova Acta Phys.
Acad. Caes. Leop. Nat. Cur. [Ety.
mythological name.]
phlyctainodes, Green, 1837, (Calymene
phlyctainodes) Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 32,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. pimplj', pustulous.]
Arionellus, Barrande, 1852, Syst. Sil. Boh.
[Ety. diminutive of Arion, a generic
name.]
bipunctatus, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
double-dotted.]
cylindricus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo*, vol. 5. Quebec Gr. [Sig. cylin-
drical.]
oweni, see Agraulos oweni.
planus, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour. Sci.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. flat.]
pustulatus, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Chazy Gr. [Sig. pustulated.]
subclavatus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. some-
what club-shaped.]
texanus, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour. Sci.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tripunctatus, Whitfield, 1876, Rep. Recon.
Up. Mo. to Yel. Nat. Park, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. three-dotted.]
Asaphiscm, Meek. Syn. for Bathyurellus.
wheeleri, see Bathyurellus wheeleri.
Asaphus, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat. Crust.
Foss. [Ety. asaphus, uncertain, ob-
scure.]
acantholeurus, see Dalmanites acantholeu-
rus.
alacer, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. lively,
quick.]
aspectans, Conrad, see Dalmanites aspect-
ans.
astragalotes, Green, 1834, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 25, (?) Gr. [Sig. having vertebras.]
barrandi, Hall, 1851, Lake Sup. Land.
Dist., Birdseye Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
canadensis, Chapman, 1856, Can. Jour.,
vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
canalis, see Isotelus canalis.
cory<xms, see Proetus corycceus.
crypturus, Green, 1827, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 13, Up. Sil. [Sig. concealed tail.]
curiosus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. curious.]
dentieulatus, see Dalmanites denticulatus.
diurus, Green, 1840, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
37, Niagara Gr. Probably the frag-
ment of a Dalmanite.
extans, see Bathyurus oxtans.
gigas, see Isotelus gigas.
goniocercus, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Quebec Gr. [Sig. angular-tailed.]
goniurus, Billings, 18(i8, Can. Nat., vol.
5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. angular-tailed.]
halli, Conrad, 1840, syn. for Dalmanites
boothi.
halli, Chapman, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd ser., vol. 2, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
hausmani, Brongniart, as identified by
D'Archiac and Verneuil. Not Amer-
ican.
hincksi, Salter, 1859, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd series, vol. 4, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
homalonotoides, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. like
Homalonotns.~]
huttoni, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
illaanoides, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat., vol.
5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. like an Ulaenus.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Wis., Iowa
and Minn., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
laticostatus, syn. for Dalmanites anchiops.
latirnarginatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Trenton and Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. broad-margined.]
limulurus, see Dalmanites limulurus.
marginalis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. having a margin.]
megalopthalmus, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo.
Tenn., Niagara Gr. Not clearly de-
fined, but probably a Dalmanites.
meghtos, see Isotelus megistos.
micrurus, see Dalmanites micrurus.
morrisi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
myrmecopltorus, see Dalmanites myrme-
cophorus.
nasutus, see Dalmanites nasutus.
notans, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. marked.]
obtusus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y, vol. 1,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
pelops, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
platycephalus, Stokes, 1823, Geo. Trans.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. flat-headed.]
platypleurus, Green, 1837, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 32, Low. Sil. [Sig. flat-sided.]
pleuropteryx, see Dalmanites pleuropteryx.
polypleurus, Green, 1838, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 34, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. many-
ribbed.] Probably a Phittipsia.
quadraticaudatus, Billings, 1865, Pal.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Sig. square-tailed.]
CRUSTACEA.
211
romingeri, Waloott, 1876, Desc. New Pal.
Foss., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
selenurus, see DalirJanites selenurus.
stokesi, see Proetus stokesi.
tetragonocephalus,Green, 1834,Arn. Jour.
Sci., vol. 25. [Sig. square-headed.]
trentonensis, see Lichas trentonensis.
trimblii, Green, 1837, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 7, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
vetustus, Hall, 1847, (Ogvgia vetustus)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton & Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
wisconsinensis, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New
Sp. Foss., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Atops, Emmons. Syn. for Triarthrus.
trilineatus, see Triarthrus trilineatus.
Barrandia, Hall, 1860. The name was pre-
occupied by McCov 1849, and Ole-
nellus was afterwards substituted.
thompsoni, see Olenellus thompsoni.
vermontana, see Olenellus vermontanus.
Bathyxotu.s, Hall, 1860, 18th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. bathys, ample; notos, the
back ; in allusion to the ample central
lobe or axis of the typical species.]
holopvga, Hall, 1859, (Olenellus holo-
pyga) 12th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. holos, entire, all ; pygos,
rump.]
BathyUKEllus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.
[Ety. diminutive of Batkt/urut,oi which
it is a subgenus.]
abruptus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. abrupt.]
bradleyi, Meek, 1872, Hayden'sGeo. Rep.,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
expansus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
formosus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
fraternus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. fraternal.]
litoreus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. occurring on the beach.]
marginatus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. bordered.]
nitidus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. neat, pretty.]
rarus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. rare.]
truncatus, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. truncated.]
validus/Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. strong.]
wheeleri, Meek, 18 72, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Quebec Gr. [Ety. propername.]
BATiiYtRus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4. [Ety. bathys, deep; oura,
the tail.]
amplimarginatus, Billings, 1859, Can.
Nat. & Geo., vol. 4, Calciferous Gr.
[Sig. full-bordered.]
angelini, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
arcuatus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. bent.]
armatus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. armed.]
bituberculatus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat
& Geol., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
double-tuberculated. ]
breviceps, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. short-headed.]
capax, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. large.]
caudatus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having a tail.]
conicus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. conical.]
cordai, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cybele, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 4, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
dubius, Billings. 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. doubtful.]
extans, Hall, 1847, (Asaphus extans) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. stand-
ing up.]
gregarius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. occurring in
flocks.]
haydeni, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo. Rep.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
longispinus, Walcott, 1876, Desc. New
Sp. Foss., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. long-spined.]
minganensis, Billings, 1S65, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
nero, Billings. 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oblongus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol.5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. oblong.]
parvulus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very small.]
perplexus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. intricate, per-
plexing.]
perspicator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. sharp-sighted;
from the large eyes.]
quadratus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. square-
shaped.]
saffordi, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
senectus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. extreme age.]
serratus, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo. Rep.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. serrated. ]
smithi, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
solitarius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. solitary.]
spiniger, Hall, 1847, (Acidaspis spiniger)
Pal. N. Y, vol. 1, Black Riv. & Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. spiny.]
strenuus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. vigorous.]
212
CRUSTACEA.
timon, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss. vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
vetulus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. old.]
Belinurus, Konig, 1825, Icones Fossilium
Sectiles. [Ety. belos, a dart ; oura, the
tail.]
danse, see Euproops danse.
Beyrichia, McCoy, 1850, Syn. Sil. Foss. Ire-
land. [Ety. proper name.]
sequilatera, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. equal sided.]
atlantica, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
chambersi, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ciliata, Emmons, 1855, American Geo.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. haired on the margin.]
cincinnatiensis, S. A. Miller, 1875, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 2, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
clathrata, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd series, vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. latticed.]
decora, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. suitable.]
duryi, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
foetoidea, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
like a tumor.]
granulosa, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. granular.]
granulata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. granulated.]
jonesi, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol., Car-
boniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
lata, Vanuxem, 1842, (Agnostus latus)
Geo. Rep. N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig.
wide.]
lithofactor, White & St. John, 1868, Prel.
Notice of New Foss.,Coal Meas. [Sig.
made of stone.]
logani, Jones, 1858, Ann. Nat. Hist., 3rd
ser., vol. 1, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
logani var. leperditoides, Jones, 1858,
Can. Org. Rem., Decade 3, Chazy Gr.
[Sig. like the genus Leperditia.]
reniformis, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Chazy Gr. [Sig. kidney-
shaped.]
maccoyana, Jones, 1855, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d ser., vol. 16, Onondaga Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
notata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. marked.]
notata var. ventricosa, Hall, 1859, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig.
bulged out.]
oculifera, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet.Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. bearing eyes.]
oculina, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. having eyes.]
pennsylvanica, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 3rd ser., vol. 1, Onondaga
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
petrifactor, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
made of stone.]
petrifactor var. velata, White & St. John,
1868, Trans. Chi. Acad. Sci., St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. covered.]
plagosa, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd ser., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. full of stripes.]
punctulifera, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing punc-
tures.] •
pustulosa, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. covered with
pustules. ]
quadrilirata, syn. for Beyrichia regularis.
regularis, Emmons, 1855, Am. Geol.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. formed in bars.]
richardsoni, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
rugulifera, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd series, vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. bearing wrinkles.]
sigillata, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd series, vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. adorned with figures.]
spinosa, Hall, 1852, (Cytherina spinosa)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
covered with spines.]
striato-marginata, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin.
Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. having a striated margin.]
symmetrica, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. symmetrical.]
trisulcata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. three-furrowed.]
tumifrom, syn. for Beyrichia ciliata.
venusta, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Brongniartia, Eaton, 1832, Geo. Text Book.
Syn. for Asaphus.
Bronteus, Goldfuss, 1843, in Burmeister,
Mon. Tri. [Ety. mythological name.]
acamas, Hall, 1865, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
barrandi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
insularis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. upon an
island.]
lunatus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. crescent-formed.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name]
occasus, syn. for Bronteus acamas.
Bumastus, Murchison, 1839, Sil. Syst. See
Ulsenus.
barriensis, see Illamus barriensis.
trentonemis, see Illsenus trentonensis.
CRUSTACEA.
213
Calymene, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat.
Crust. Foss. [Ety. kekalymenos, con-
cealed.]
anchiops, see Dalmanites, anchiops.
becki, see Triarthrus becki.
blumenbachi, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat.
Crust. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
bucklandi, syn. for Ceraurus pleurexan-
themus.
bufo, see Phacops bufo.
callicephala, Green, 1832, Monograph
Trilobites, Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. beautiful
head.]
camerata, Conrad, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Coralline limestone. [Sig.
arched.]
christyi, Hall, 1800, 13th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clintoni, Vanuxem, (Hemicrypturus clin-
toni) Geo. Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Clin-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
crassimarginata, see Proetus crassimargi-
natus.
mammillata, Hall, 1801, Geo. Rep. Wis.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. covered with nip-
ples.]
jnarginalis, see Proetus marginalis.
multicosta, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. having many ribs.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1843, Geo.Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.] This is the American variety
of C. blumenbachi.
mipera, see Phacops nuperus.
odontocephala, syn. for Dalmanites selenu-
rus.
phlyctainodes, see Arges phlyctainodes.
platys, Green, 1832, Monograph of Trilo-
bites, Schoharie grit. [Sig. broad.]
roirii, see Proetus rowii.
rugosa, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
senaria, Conrad, 1841, Ann. Rep. N. Y.,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. is
said to be in allusion to six tubercles
on the buckler, but the application is
not evident.] It is a syn. for C. calli-
cephala.
spiaifera. Not defined.
trisulcata, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Clinton Gr. [Sig. three-fur-
rowed.]
Ceratiocaris, McCoy, 1849, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d ser., vol. 4. [Ety. kera-
tion, a pod ; karis, shrimp.]
aculeata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Waterlime Gr. [Sig. armed with
sharp points.]
acuminata, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, AVaterliine Gr. [Sig. sharp-pointed.]
armata, Hall, 1803, 10th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. armed.]
bradleyi, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper
name.]
deweyi, Hall, 1859, (Onchus deweyi) Pal.
N. Y., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
elytroides, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Sig. like the
elytra of Beetles.]
longicauda, Hall, 1803, 10th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Genesee slate. [Sig. long-
tailed.]
maccoyana, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Waterlime Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
punctata, Hall, 1803, 10th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. punctured.]
sinuata, Meek & Worthen, 1808, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 40, Coal Meas. [Sig.
marked with depressions.]
strigata, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Low. Carb. [Sig. furrowed,
grooved.]
Ceratocephala, Warder. Not defined so as to
be recognized.
ceralepta, Anthony, a fragment of the tail
of a Ceraurus pleurexanthemus or of an
Acidaspis.
goniata, Warder, a fragment of a Dalman-
ites or an Acidaspis.
Ceraurus, Green, 1832, Monograph Trilob-
ites. [Ety. keras, a horn; oura, the
tail.]
apollo, Billings, 1800, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
bimucronatus, see Ceraurus niagarensis.
crosotus, see Acidaspis crosotus.
eryx, Billings, 1800, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
glaucus, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. mythological name,]
icarus, Billings, 1850, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
insignis, see Ceraurus niagarensis.
mercurius, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
niagarensis, Hall, 1807, 20th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
numitor, Billings, 1800, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
nuperus, Billings, 1800, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. late, re-
cent.]
perforator, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. a borer through.]
pleurexanthemus, Green, 1832, Monog.
Trilobites, Trenton and Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. pleura, a side ; exanthema, break-
ing out.]
polydorus, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
pompilius, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss.,
Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
prolificus, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. prolific, common.]
pustulosus, syn. for Ceraurus pleurexan-
themus.
214
CRUSTACEA.
rarus, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. rare.]
satyrus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Chazy
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
-sol, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
solitarius, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. solitary, alone.]
vigilans, see Encrinurus vigilans.
vulcanus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
Chariocephalus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. charis, charming or graceful;
kephale, head.]
whitfieldi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Clieirurus, Beyrich, syn. for Ceraurus.
Climachtichnites, Logan, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5. [Ety. klirnax, ladder ;
ichnos, a foot step.]
wilsoni, Logan, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Colpocaris, Meek, 1872, a subgenus of Ceratio-
caris.
Conocephalus, Zenker, 1833, Beitr. Naturg.
Preoccupied for a genus of Orthoptera.
Conocephalites, Adams, 1848, Am, Jour.
Sci., 2d series, vol. 5. [Ety. konos, a
cone; kepliale, head.]
adamsi, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
anatinus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. duck-like.]
antiquatus, Salter, 1859, Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 15, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very
ancient.]
arenosus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., Pots-
dam Gr. [Sig. sandy.]
aurora, Hartt, 1868, Acad Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Sig. morning.]
baileyi, Hartt, 186 8, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
billingsi, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 32, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
binodus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. two-knotted.]
pewensis, Owen, 1852, (Lonchoce-
phalus chippewaensis) Geo. Iowa,
Wis. & Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
depressus, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 32, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. depressed.]
diadematus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. adorned with
a diadem.]
dorsalis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. from the back.]
elegans, Hartt, 18 68, Acad. Geol.. St.
John's Gr. [Sig. elegant]
eos, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. the dawn.]
eryon, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Poisdam Gr. [Sig. from the genus
Eryon.']
formosus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
chippe
gemini-spinosus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
St. John's Gr. [Sig. covered with twin-
spines.]
halli, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hamulus, Owen, 1852, (Lonchocephalus
hamulus) Geo. Iowa, Wis. & Minn.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. a little hook.]
iowensis, Owen, 1852, (Dikelocephalus
iowensis) Geo. Iowa, Wis. & Minn.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
mathewi. Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minor, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. less.]
minutus, Bradley, 1860, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 30, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. small.]
miser, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. wretched, poor.]
nasutus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. having a prom-
inent nose.]
neglectus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Sig. overlooked.]
optatus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. desired.]
orestes, Hartt,1868, Acad. Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
ouangondianus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
St. John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oweni, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pattersoni, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
perseus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
quadratus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Sig. squared.]
robbi, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
shumardi, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tener, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St. John's
Gr. [Sig. delicate.]
teucer, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
thersites, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
vulcanus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
winona, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wisconsinensis, Owen, 1852, (Crepicepha-
lus wisconsinensis) Geo. Iowa, Wis.
& Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
zenkeri, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Conocoryphe, Corda, 1847, Prodr. [Ety.
konos, a cone ; koryphe, the top of the
head.]
kingi, Meek, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gallatinensis, Meek, 1872, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Pots. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
CRUSTACEA.
215
Crepicephalus, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn. [Ety. krepis, a horse-
shoe ; kephale, head.]
miniscaensis, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur.Wis.,
Iowa & Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
montanensis, Whitfield, 1876, Rep. Recon.
Up. Mo. to Yel. Nat. Park, Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wixotuiMnm, see Conocephalites wiscon-
sinensis.
Oryphxw, Green, 1837> Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 7, syn. for Dalmanites. This
name has priority over Dalmanites,
hut the definition has not given satis-
faction.
boothi, Green, 1837, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 7. See Dalmanites hoothi.
callitehis, see Dalmanites calliteles.
greeni, syn. for Dalmanites boothi.
Cryptolithus, syn. for Trinucleus.
tesselatus, see Trinucleus concentricus.
Cybelc, Loven, 1845, in Ofversigt of Vetensk.
Acad. Handl.
punctata, Hall, 1852. This species belongs
to the genus Encrinurus, and the spe-
cific name being preoccupied, the
name is changed to E. ornatus.
Cyphaspis, Burmeister, 1843, Monograph of
Trilobites. [Ety. cypJios, convex ;
aspis, a shield.]
christyi, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
girardeauensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
Cythere, Muller, 1785, Entomostraca sue
Insecta, etc. [Ety. proper name.]
americana, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
carbonaria, Hall, 1858, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. from the
Carboniferous Group.]
cineinnatiensis, Meek, 1872, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
crassimarginata, Winchell, 1862, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig.
thick-margi n ed . ]
nebrascensis, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
okeni, see Leperditia okeni.
simplex, White & St. John, 1868, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
simple.]
subkcvis, see Leperditia subkevis.
mbrecta, see Leperditia subrecta.
Cytherixa, Lamarck, 1818, Anim. sans
Vert. [Ety. diminutive of Cythere.]
alta, see Leperditia alta.
crenulata, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. crenulated.]
cylindrka, see Isochilina cylindrica.
fabulites, see Leperditia fabulites.
spinosa, Hall, 1852, see Beyrichia spinosa.
Not Reuss in 1844.
subcylindrica, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat cylin-
drical.] This name was preoccupied
by Munster in 1830.
subelliptica, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat ellip-
tical.]
Cytiierops[s, McCoy, 1849, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. 4. [Ety.
Oytheropsis, resembling Cythere.]
concinna, Jones, 1858, Ann. Nat. Hist.,
3rd series, vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
neat, pretty.] In 1865 Jones estab-
tablished the genus Primitia,' in which
he included this species.
rugosa, Jones, 1858, Ann. Nat. Hist., 3rd
series, vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
siliqua, Jones, 1858, Ann. Nat. Hist., 3d
series, vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. a
pod.]
Dalmania, Emmrich, 1845. This name hav-
ing been preoccupied, Dalmanites has
been substituted, though many au-
thors prefer to use Odontochile, a name
proposed by Corda.
Dalmanites, Emmrich, 1845, (Dalmania)
Barrande, 1852, Sil. Syst. Boh. [Ety.
proper name.]
acantholeurus, Conrad, 1841, (Asaphus
acantholeurus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., On-
ondaga limestone. [Sig. smooth-
spined.]
achates Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. •& Geo.,
vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
segeria, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
anchiops, Green, 1832, (Calymene anchi-
ops) Monograph, Schoharie grit. [Sig.
from the closeness of the eyes.]
anchiops var. armatus, Hall, 1861, 15th
Reg. Rep. N. Y., Schoharie grit. [Sig
armed.]
aspectans, Conrad, 1841, (Asaphus aspec-
tans) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. seeing at a glance.]
bebryx, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
bifidus, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. divided.]
boothi, Green, 1837, (Cryphasus boothi)
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 7, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
bicornis, Hall, 1876,28th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. two-horned.]
breviceps, Hall, 1866, Pamplet, Cin'ti Gr.
[Sig. short-headed.]
callicephalus, Hall, 1847, (Phacops calli-
cephalus) Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. beautiful head.]
calliteles, Green, 1837, (Cryphseus calli-
telus) Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, Ham, Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
216
CRUSTACEA.
calypso, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
carleyi, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
ser., vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
candatus, see Dalmanites limulurus.
concinnus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Schoharie grit. [Sig. handsome.]
coronatus, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. crowned.]
danre, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara Gr. [Ety
proper name.]
dentatus, Barrett, 1876, Am. Jour. Sci
& Arts, vol. 11, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety
from the dentate margin of the cepha
lie shield.]
denticulatus, Conrad, 1841, (Asaphus
denticulatus) Ann. Rep. N. Y., Up
Held. Gr. [Ety. from the denticulate
termination of the ribs.]
emarginatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. emargi-
nated.]
erina, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
helena, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
intermedius.Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg. Rep.
N.Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
laticaudatus, Hall, 1847. Prof. Hall says
this name may be erased from the list
of fossils,
limulurus, Green, 1832, (Asaphus limu
lurus) Monograph Trilobites, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. having a pointed tail like
Limulm or king crab.]
logani, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo., vol.
5, Silurian. [Ety. proper name.]
macrops, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. makros, large ;
ops, the eye.]
micrurus, Green, 1832, (Asaphus mieru-
rus) Monograph Trilobites, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. small-tailed.]
myrmecophorus, Green, 1835, (Asaphus
myrmecophorus) Supp. to Monograph
of Trilobites, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
wart-bearing.]
nasutus, Conrad, 1841, (Asaphus nasutus)
Ann. Rep. N. Y., Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. having a prominent nose.]
ohioensis, Meek & Worthen, 1871, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pleione, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gf. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pleuropteryx, Green, 1832, (Asaphus
pleuropteryx) Monograph Trilobites,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. side- winged.]
regalis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Schoharie grit. [Sig. regal.]
selenurus, Eaton, 1832, (Asaphus selenu-
rus) Geo. Text Book, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. from the crescent-shaped tail.]
tridens, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. three-toothed.]
tridentiferus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. bearing
three teeth.]
troosti, Safford. Not defined,
verrucosus, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. warty.]
vigilans, Hall, 1861, Rep. Progr. Wis.Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. watchful, eyes
opened.]
DicELLOCEniALus, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur.
Wis., Iowa ct Min., (written by Owen,
Dikelocephalus). [Ety. dikella, a mat-
tock; kephale, head.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foas., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. related to.]
belli, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
(?) corax, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cristatus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. <fc
Geo. vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. crested.]
devinei, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
flagricaudus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Sig. whip-tailed.]
granulosus, see Ptychaspis granulosa,
hisingeri, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
imcensis, see Conocephalites iowensis.
latifrons, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., vol. 2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
broad-fronted.]
limbatus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. bordered.]
magnificus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. mag-
nificent.]
megalops, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &,
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. large-
eyed.]
miniscaensis, see Ptychaspis miniscaensis.
minnesotensis, Owen, 1852, Rep. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
minnesotensis, rar. limbatus, Hall, 1863,
16th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. bordered.]
misa, Hall, 1873, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
missisquoi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name. ]
osceola, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oweni, Billings, 18(50, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
pauper, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Sig. poor, small.]
pepinensis, Owen, 1852, Rep. Wis., Iowa
and Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
planifrons, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having
a plane front.]
CRUSTACEA.
217
roemeri, Shumard, 1861, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 32, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
selectus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. select.]
sesostris, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
spiniger, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. X.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
Dicraniirus, syn. for Acidaspis.
hamatux, see Acidaspis hamata.
Dioxide, Barrande, 1847, in Lith. Proc.
[Ety. from the mythological name
Dione.}
(?) perplexa, Billings, 1866, Catal. SO.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. diffi-
cult, perplexing.]
Diplexira, Green, syn. for Homalonotus.
dekayi, see Homalonotus dekayi.
Diplichnites, Dawson, 1863, Am" Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3rd series, vol. 5. [Ety.
diplos, double; ichnos, foot-print or
track.]
senigma, Dawson, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 3rd series, vol. 5, Coal Meas.
[Sig. obscure, perplexing.]
Diplostylus, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc.,vol. 19. [Ety. Diplostylus, double-
tail ; in allusion to the two pairs of
appendages to the last segment or
telson.]
dawsoni, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Dithyrocaris, Scouler, 1855, British Pal.
Rocks. [Ety. dithros, having two
valves; carts, shrimp.]
belli, H.Woodward, 1870, Geo. Mag., vol.
8, Mid. Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
carbonaria, Meek & Worthen, 1869, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
from the Coal Measures.]
neptuni, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
Dolichometopus, Angelin, 1852, Palaeonto-
logia Scandinavica. [Ety. doliclws,
long ; metope, panel, or space between
two hollows.]
(?) convexus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. convex.]
gibberrulus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. somewhat humped
or convex.]
rarus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. rare.]
Dolichopterus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3.
[Ety. dolichos, long; pteron, a wing.]
macrocheirus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Waterlime Gr. [Sig. long-handed.]
Elliplocephrtla, Emmons, 1844, syn. forOlenus.
amphoides, see Olenellus asaphoides.]
Encrinurus, Emmrich, 1844, Zur Naturge-
schicte der Trilobiten, im Pruefungs-
Prog. der Real-Schule, etc. [Ety. (?).
deltoideus, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Sur. Mo.,
Up. Sil. [Sig. shaped like the Greek
letter Delta.']
elegantulus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Fobs.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. quite ele-
gant.]
excedrensis, Safford. Not defined.
lsevis, Angelin, 1852, Palseontologia Scan-
dinavica, Up. Sil. [Sig. smooth.]
mirus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. extraordinary.]
multisegmentatus, Portlock, 1843, (Am-
phion multisegmentatus) Rep. Geo. of
Londonderry, etc., Anticosti Gr. [Sig.
having many segments.]
nereus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y..
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
ornatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. ornamented.]
punctatus, Wahlenberg, 1821, Nova Acta
Soc. Upsal., Anticosti Gr. [Sig. punc-
tated.]
raricostatus, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Sig. few-
ribbed.]
trentonensis, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
vigilans, Hall, 1847, (Ceraurus vigilans)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Black Riv. & Tren-
ton Gr. [Sig. vigilant.]
Endymion, Billings, 1862. The name being
preoccupied for a genus of plants the
author proposed Endymionia.
meeki, see Endymionia meeki.
Endymionia, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1. [Ety. proper name.]
meeki, Billings, 1862, (Endymion meeki)
Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Eupboops, Meek, 1867, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
43. [Ety. eu, very ; pro, forward ; opt,
an eye.]
danse, Meek & Worthen, 1865, (Bellinurus
danas) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Eurypterus, DeKav, 1825, Ann. Lye. Nat.
Hist. N. Y.,voI. 1. [Ety. euros, breadth;
pteron, wing or fin.]
dekayi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Waterlime Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lacustris, Harlan, 1834, Trans.' Geo. Soc.
Penn., vol. 1, Waterlime Gr. [Sig.
pertaining to a lake or swamp.]
lacustris var. robustus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N.
Y, vol. 3, Waterlime Gr. [Sig. robust]
mazonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 46, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
micropthalmus, Hall, 1855, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Waterlime Gr. [Sig. having
small eyes.]
pachycheirus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol.
3, Waterlime Gr. [Sig. thick-handed.]
pulicaris, Salter, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, Coal Meas. [Ety. pulis,
a little gate ; karis, a shrimp.]
pustulosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Waterlime Gr. [Sig. covered with
pustules.]
218
CRUSTACEA.
remipes, DeKay, 1825, Ann. Lye. Nat.
Hist. N. Y., Waterlime Gr. [Sig. oar-
footed.]
tetragonopthalmus, Fischer, 1839, Bull.
Soc. Imper. Nat. Moscou., Waterlime
Gr. [Sig. having square eyes.]
Harpes, Goldfuss, 1839, Nova ActaPhysico-
medicaAcademise Ceesarese Leopoldino
Carolina? Naturae Curiosorum, vol. 19:
[Ety. harpe, a hook or sickle.]
antiquatus, Billings, 1859,Can.Nat. &Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. ancient, old.]
consuetus, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Sig. related to,
from its close alliance to H. otta-
wsensis.]
dentoni, Billings, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
escanabise, Hall, 1851, Geo. Lake Sup.
Land Dist., vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
granti, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ottawensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Harpides, Beyrich, 1846, Untersuchungen
Trilobiten als Fort. [Ety. from re-
semblance to the genus Harpes.]
atlanticus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
concentricus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. con centrical.]
desertus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. deserted, solitary.]
Helminthoidichnites, Fitch, 1848, Geo. Sur.
Wash. Co. [Sig. like little worm
tracks.] See Gordia marina.
marinus, Fitch, 1848, Geo. Sur. Wash. Co.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. marine.]
tenuis, Fitch, 1848, Geo. Sur. Wash. Co.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Hemicrypturus, Green, syn. for Asaphus.
clintoni, Vanuxem, 1843, Geo. Rep. 3rd
Dist. N. Y., Clinton Gr.
rasoumowski, syn. for Asaphus expansus.
Holometopus, Angelin, 1852, Palseontologia
Scandinavica. [Ety. holm, entire ; me-
topon, space between the eyes.]
angelini, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., Quebec
Gr. *[Ety. proper name.]
Homalonotus, Konig, 1825, Icones. Foss.
Sectiles. [Ety. homalos, on the same
level; notos, the back.]
dawsoni, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Ety. proper name.]
dekayi, Green, 1832, (Dipleura dekayi)
Monograph of Trilobites, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
delphinocephalus, Green, 1832, (Tri-
merus delphinocephalus) Monograph
of Trilobites, Clinton & Niagara Gr.
[Sig. dolphin-headed.]
jacksoni, Green, 1837, (Trimerus jacksoni)
Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 32, Up. Sil. [Ety.
proper name.]
knighti, Koninck, 1825, Icones. Foss.
Sectiles, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
vanuxemi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
Ill^nurus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. YT
[Ety. from the genus Illsenus; oura
the tail.]
quadratus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. square-shaped.]
Illjenus, Dalman, 1828, ueber die Palseaden
oder die sogenannten Trilobiten.
[Ety. Ulaino, to look awry, to squint.]
americanus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
angusticollis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
having a narrow neck or column.]
arcturus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1,
Chazy & Black. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
arcuatus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. arched.]
armatus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. armed.]
barriemis, Murch, 1839, Sil. Syst. The
species formerly identified with this
one is described by Prof. Hall as i/fe-
nus ioocus.
bayfieldi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clavifrons, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., Chazy & Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
club-fronted.]
conifrons, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. having
a conical front.]
conradi, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
consimilis, Billings, 1865, Pal: Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. similar in all parts.]
consobrinus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. nearly allied.]
cornigerus, Hall, 1872, 24th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. horned.]
crassicauda, Wahlenberg, 1821,(Entomos-
tracites crassicauda) Nov. Act. Soc.
Upsal., vol. 8, Trenton & Galena Gr.
[Sig. thick-tailed.]
cuniculus, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a cradle.]
daytonensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Ohio
"Pal., vol. 2, Clinton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
fraternus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. fraternal.]
globosus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Chazy Gr. [Sig. globose.]
graftonensis, Meek & Worthen, 18 6 9,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
grandis, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr. & Mid. Sil. [Sig.
grand.]
imperator, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr.Wis.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. commander-in-
chief.]
incertus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. uncertain.]
CRUSTACEA.
219
indeterminatus, Walcott, 1877, 29th Reg.
Rep. N. Y., Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. not
determined.]
insignis, Hall, 1867, 20tli Reg. Rep. N.Y.
Niagara Gr. [Sig. distinguished by a
mark.]
ioxus, Hall, 1847, 20th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
latidorsatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N.Y., vol. 1,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. broad-backed.]
milleri, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 4, Black River and Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
orbicaudatus, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr. &Mid. Sil.
[Sig. having a circular tail.]
ovatus, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
egg-shaped.]
simulator, Billings, 1805, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. imitator.]
taurus, Hall, 1861, Rep. of Progr. Wis.
Sur., Trenton & Galena Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
trentonensis, Emmons, 1842, (Bumastus
trentonensis) Geo. Rep. N. Y., Tren-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tumidifrons, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. swollen out in front.]
vindex, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Chazy
Gr. [Sig. a defender, a revenger.]
worthenanus, syn. for Illsenus insignis.
Isociiilixa, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3. [Ety. isos, equal ; cheilos, lip.]
cylindrica, Hall, 1852, (Cytherina cylin-
drica) Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, Medina Gr.
[Sig. cylindrical.]
gracilis, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
Ottawa, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 3, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Isotelus, DeKay, 1825, Annals Lyceum Nat.
Hist. N. Y., vol. 1. [Ety. isos, equal;
telos, end.] A subgenus of Asaphus.
canalis, Conrad, 1847, Pal. N. Y., Trenton
& Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a groove or
channel.]
gigas, DeKav, 1825, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.
N. Y., vol. 1, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. a giant]
maximus, see Isotelus megistos.
megistos, Locke, 1841, Proc. Am. Assoc,
Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. very
large.]
vigilans, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Cin'ti. Gr. [Sig.
watching.]
Leaia, Jones, 1862, App. to Mon. Foss.,
Estherise. [Ety. proper name.]
leidyi, Lea, 1856, (Cypricardia leidyi)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 7, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
tricarinata, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig.
three-keeled.]
Leperditia, Roualt, 1851, Bull. Soc. Geo.
France, 2nd series, t. 8. [Ety. lepis,
a scale ; dittos, double.]
alta, Conrad, 1843, (Cytherina alta) Geo.
Rep. 3rd Dist. N. Y., Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. high.]
amygdalina, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. like an
almond.]
anna, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 3, Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
anticostiana, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
arctica, Jones, 1856, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2nd series, vol. 17, Up. Sil.
[Sig. northern, arctic]
bivia, White, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. having two ways or
passages.]
byrnesi, S. A. Miller, 1874, Cin. Quar.
Jour. Sci., vol. 1, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
canadensis, Jones, 1858, Ann. Nat. Hist.,
3rd series, vol. 1, Chazy to Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
capax, Safford. Not defined,
cayuga, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Cornif. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
concinnula, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. small and
beautiful.]
cylindrica, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. cylindrical.]
faba, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a bean.]
fabulites, Conrad, 1843, (Cytherina fabu-
lites) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. a small bean.]
fonticola, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Sig. fountain-dwell-
ing.]
gibbera, Jones, 1856, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2nd series, vol. 17, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. humpbacked.]
gracilis, see Isochilina gracilis,
hudsonica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
jonesi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
josephana, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Black Riv. to Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
labrosa, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 3, Chazy Gr. [Sig. having a rim
or border.]
louckana, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem:,
Decade 3, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
marginata, Keyserling, 1846, Wissen-
schaftliche Beobachtungen, etc., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. bordered.]
minutissima, Hall, 1871, Pamphlet, Cin'ti
Gr. [Sig. very small.]
rnorgani, Safford. Not defined,
nana, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem., De-
cade 3, Calciferous Gr. [Sig. dwarfish.]
CRUSTACEA.
okeni, Munster, 1830, (Cythere okeni)
Jahrbuch fur Min., Geo. und Petrif.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Ottawa, see Isochilina Ottawa,
ovata, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist, 3rd ser., vol. 1, Black Riv. Gr.
[Sig. egg-shaped.]
paquettana, Jones, 1858, Can. Org. Rem.,
Decade 3, Black Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
parasitica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. parasitic]
parvula, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. very small.]
pennsylvanica, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 3rd ser., vol. 1, Clinton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
punctulifera, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bearing dots.]
scalari8, Jones, 1858, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd ser., vol. 1, Waterlime Gr.
[Sig. like a ladder.]
seneca, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sinuata, Hall, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Silurian. [Sig. marked with
depressions.]
troyensis, Ford, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 3rd ser., vol. 6, Low. Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
turgida, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. swollen out.]
ventralis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Sig. ventral.]
spinulifera, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Cornif. Gr. [Sig. bearing spines.]
sublsevis, Shumard, 1855, (Cythere sub-
lsevis) Geo. Rep. Mo., Low. Magnesian
Gr. [Sig. somewhat smooth.]
Lichas, Dalman, 1826, Monograph of Trilo-
bites. [Ety. mythological name.]
armatus, Hall, 1862. Being preoccupied,
the name is changed to L. eriopia.
bigsbyi, Hall, 1859, Pal. N.Y., vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
boltoni, Bigsby, 1825, (Paradoxides bol-
toni) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 4,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
boltoni var. occidentalis, Hall, 1863, Trans.
Alb. Inst., vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
wG8t6rn.l
breviceps, Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. short-headed.]
canadensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Antic Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cucullus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. a cap.]
decipiens, Winchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc Nat. Hist., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. doubtful.]
eriopia, see Terataspis eriopia.
grandis, see Terataspis grandis.
Jukesi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minganensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss.,
vol. 1, Chazy and Black Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nereus, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pugnax, AVinchell & Marcy, 1865, Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.," Niagara Gr.
[Sig. war-like.]
pustulosus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. covered with
pustules.]
superb us, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. &
Geol., Cornif erous Gr. [Sig. superb.]
trentonensis, Conrad, 1842, (Asaphus
trentonensis) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 8, Black Riv., Trenton and Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
LoganeUus, Devine, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8. [Ety. proper name.]
quebecensis, see Olenus (?) logani.
Lonchocephalus, syn. for Conocephalites.
chippewensis, see Conocephalites chippe-
wensis.
hamulus, see Conocephalites hamulus.
Megalaspis, Angelin, 1852, Palseontologia
Scandinavica. [Ety. megale, great ;
aspis, shield.]
belemnurus, White, 1874, Rep. Invert.
Foss., Quebec Gr. [Ety. belemnon, a
dart; oura, a tail.]
Menocephalus, Owen, 1852, Geo. Sur. Wis.,
Iowa & Minn. [Ety. menos, strength ;
kephale, head.]
globosus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Sig. globose.]
minnesotensis, Owen, 1852, Rep. Iowa,
Wis. and Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
salteri, Devine, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sedgwicki, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Microdiscus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.
[Ety. mikros, small; diskos, a quoit.]
dawsoni, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lobatus, Hall, 1847, (Agnostus lobatus)
Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
divided into segments.]
meeki, Ford, 1876, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
Low. Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
quadricostatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geo.,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. four-ribbed.]
speciosus, Ford, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 3rd series, vol. 6, Low. Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Nileus, Dalman, 1826, Monograph of Tri-
lobites. [Ety. mythological name.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. near to, related.]
macrops, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. having large eyes.]
scrutator, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. a searcher.]
Nuttainia, syn. for Trinucleus.
concentrica, see Trinucleus concentricus.
sparsa, syn. for Homalonotus dekayi.
CRUSTACEA.
Odontocephalns, Conrad, 1840, Ann. Geo.
Rep. N. Y.
selenurus, see Dalmanites selenurus.
Odontochile, syn. for Dalmanites.
Ogygia, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat. Crust.
Foss. [Ety. mythological name.]
vetusta, see Asaphus vetustus.
Olenellus, Hall, 1861, 14th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. diminutive of Olenus.']
asaphoides, Emmons, 1844, (Ellipto-
cephalus asaphoides) Geo. Rep. N.Y.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. like an Asaplms.]
gilberti, Meek, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
howelli, Meek, 1874, Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
- thompsoni, Hall, 1859, (Olenus thomp-
soni) 12th Reg. Rep. N. Y., (Barrandia
thompsoni) 13th Reg. Rep., (Paradox-
ides thompsoni) Emmons, Man. Geo.,
Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
vermontanus, Hall, 1859, (Olenus ver-
montana) 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y., Pots-
dam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Olenus, Dalman, 1826, Monograph of Tri-
lobites. [Ety. mythological name.]
asaphoides, see Olenellus asaphoides.
(?) logani, Devine, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
thompsoni, see Olenellus thompsoni.
undulostriatus, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. having
waved striae.]
vermontana, see Olenellus vermontanus.
Pai^eocaris, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. palaios,
ancient; hart*, a shrimp.]
typus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas.
[Ety. type of the genus.]
Paradoxioes, Brongniart, 1822, Hist. Nat.
Crust. Foss. [Ety. paradoxos, marvel-
ous, paradoxical.]
arcuatus, Harlan, 1835, Trans. Geo. Soc.
Penn., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. arched.]
becki, see Triarthrus becki.
bennetti, Salter, 1859, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 15, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
boltoni, see Lichas boltoni.
decorus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
eatoni, syn. for Triarthrus becki.
harlani, Green, 1834, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
25, Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lamellatus, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Sig. from the laminai on
the anterior lobe of the glabella.]
micmac, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nevadensis, Meek, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tenellus, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very delicate.]
thompsoni, see Olenellus thompsoni.
triarthrus, Harlan, 1835, Trans. Geo. Soc.
Penn., Potsd. Gr. [Sig. three-jointed.]
vermontana, see Olenellus vermontanus.
Peltura, M. Edwards, 1840, Crustaces, etc.
holopyga, Hall, 1859, see Bathynotus
holopyga.
Pemphigaspis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y. [Ety. pemphix; a pustule ; aspis, a
shield.]*
bullata, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam. Gr. [Sig. studded,
bossed.]
Phacops, Emmrich, 1839, de Trilobites.
[Ety. phakos, a lens; ops, the eye.]
bufo, Green, 1832, (Calymene bufo) Mon-
ograph of Trilobites, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
a toad.]
bombifrons, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a hollow-
sounding front.]
cacapona, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
callicephala, see Dalmanites callicephalus.
cristata, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. tufted.]
hudsonica, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3,
Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laticaudus, see Dalmanites laticaudus.
logani, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y, vol. 3, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nupera, Hall, 1843, (Calymene nupera)
Geo. Rep. 4th Diet. N. Y., Chemung
Gr. [Sig. late, recent.]
orestes, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Mid. Sil. [Ety. mythological
name.]
rana, Green, 1832, (Calymene bufo var.
rana) Monograph of Trilobites, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a frog.]
trisulcata, Hall, 1843, (Calymene (?) tri-
sulcatus) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
Clinton Gr. [Sig. three-furrowed.]
Phillipsia, Portlock, 1843, Rep. Geol. Lon-
donderry. [Ety. proper name.]
bufo, Meek & Worthen, 1870, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. a toad.]
cliftonensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
coronata, Hall, 1877, Ham. Gr. Pro-
posed instead of P. ornata, which was
preoccupied. [Sig. crowned.]
howi, Billings, 1863, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
vol. 8, Carboniferous. [Ety. proper
name.]
insignis, Winchell, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Burlington Gr. [Sig. marked.]
laevis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Tully limestone. [Sig. smooth.]
lodiensis, Meek, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
major, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig.
larger.]
meramecensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Archimedes limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
minuscula, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. rather
small.]
222
CRUSTACEA.
missouriensis, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
ornata, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. The name was preoccupied
by Portlockjn 1843. See P. coronata.
perannulata, Shumard, 1858, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Permian Gr. [Sig.
very annulated.]
portlocki, Meek & Worth en, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
rockfordensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Kinderhook (?) Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
wmgamonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1865,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
scitula, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
pretty.]
stevensoni, Meek, 1871, Reg. Rep. Uni-
versity W. Va., Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
vindobonensis, Ilartt, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Piliolites, Cozzens, 1848. Not sufficiently de-
fined to be identified.
ohioensis, Cozzens, 1848. Not sufficiently
defined to be identified, but probably
the fragment of a Dalmanites.
Platynotus, syn. forLichas.
boltoni, see Lichas boltoni.
trentonensis, see Lichas trentonensis.
Plumulites, Barrande. [Ety. plumula, a
feather; lithos, stone.]
jamesi, Hall & Whitfield, 1875, Pal. Ohio,
vol. 2. [Ety. proper name.]
Primitia, Jones, 1865, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 3rd series, vol. 16. A subgenus
of Beyrichia, founded upon B. logani
and Cytheropsis concinna.
Proetus, Steininger, 1830, Bemerkungen
uber die Versteinerungen welche im
Uebergangs-Gebirge der Eifel. [Ety.
mythological name.]
alaricus, Billings, 1860, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. winged.]
angustifrons, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Schoharie grit. [Sig. having a
front. ]
auriculatus, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Sig. eared.]
canaliculars, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep.
N.Y.,Up. Held.Gr. [Sig. channeled.]
clarus, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. clear, manifest.]
conradi, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Schoharie grit. [Ety. proper name.]
corycceus, Conrad, 1842, (Asaph us cory-
cceus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
crassimarginatus, Hall, 1843, (Calymene
crassimarginata) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. thick-
margined.]
doris, Hall, 1860, 13th Reg. Rep. N. Y.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
ellipticus, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
elliptical.]
haldemani, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hesione, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.Y.,
Schoharie grit. [Ety. mythological
name.]
longicaudus, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. long-tailed.]
macrocephalus, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg.Rep.
N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. long-headed.]
marginalis, Conrad, 1839, (Calymene
marginalis) Ann. Geo. Rep. N. Y.,
Tully limestone. [Sig. margined.]
missouriensis, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep.
Mo., Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
occidens, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. western.]
parviusculus, Hall, 1866, Pamphlet,
Cin'ti Gr. [Sig. very small.]
phocion, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
planimarginatus, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
flat-margined.]
protuberans, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol.
3, Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. protuberant.]
prouti, Shumard, 1863, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
rowii, Green, 1838, (Calymene rowii) Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 38, Ham Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
spurlocki, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 3, Cin'ti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
stokesi, Murchison, 1839, (Asaphus
stokesii) Sil. Syst., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
swallovi, Shumard, 1855, Geo. Rep. Mo.,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
verneuili, Hall, 1861, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Protichnites, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 8. [Ety. protos, first ; ichnos, foot-
print or track ; lithos, stone.]
acadicus, Dawson, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 3rd ser., vol. 5, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
alternans, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Sig. alternating.]
carbonarius, Dawson, 1863, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3rd ser., vol. 5, Coal Meas.
[Sig. pertaining to coal.]
latus, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 8,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. wide.]
lineatus, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc, vol.
8, Quebec Gr. [Sig. lined.]
logananus, Marsh, 1869, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 2d ser., vol. 48, Potsdam Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
multinotatus, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Sig. many marks
or tracks.]
octo-notatus, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having eight
marks or tracks.]
CRUSTACEA.
223
septem-notatus, Owen, 1852, Jour. Geo.
Soc., vol. 8, Quebec Gr. [Sig. having
seven marks.]
Ptekygotus, Agassiz, 1839, in March. Sil.
Svst, [Ety. pteron, wing ; ous, ear.]
cobbi, Hall, " 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 8,
Waterlime Gr. [Etv. proper.]
macrophthalmus, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 3, Waterlime Gr. [Sig. long-
eyed.]
osborni, Hall, 1859, Pal. N. Y., vol. 3,
Waterlime Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ptychaspis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y
[Ety. ptyche, folding or doubling;
aspis, a shield.]
barabuensis, Winehell, 1864, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2d series, vol. 37, Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
granulosa, Owen, 1852, (Dikelocephalus
granulosus) Rep. Iowa, Wis. & Minn.,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. covered with
granules.]
miniscaensis, Owen, 1852, i Dikelocepha-
lus miniscaensis) Rep. Wis., Iowa &
Minn., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
sesostris, Billings, 1865, (Dikelocephalus
sesostris) Pal. Foss., vol. 1, Quebec Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Remoplecrides, Portlock, 1843, Rep. Geol.
Lond. [Ety. remus, an oar ; pleura, a
rib.]
affinis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. related to.]
canadensis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Chazy Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
panderi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
schlotheimi, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
striatums, Walcott, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. having
little striae.]
Rhabdichnites, Dawson, 1875, Can. Nat. & Geo.
Name proposed.
Rusichxites, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. &Geo.
[Ety. ru.sos, wrinkled ; ichnos, a track.]
Supposed track of a small Limulus.
acadicus, Dawson, 1861, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Shumardia, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1.
[Ety. proper name.]
glacialis, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. icy, frozen.]
granulosa, Billings, 1862, Pal. Foss., vol. 1,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. covered with gran-
ules.]
Solenocaris, Meek, 1872, subgenus of Cerati-
ocaris.
Solenopleura, as used by Billings, 1874, Pal.
Foss., vol. 2. [Ety. Solen, the razor
fish ; pleura, a rib.]
communis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol.
2, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. common, in
large numbers.]
Sph^rexochus, Beyrich, 1845, Monograph
of Trilobites." [Ety. sphaira, a ball;
exochos, prominent."]
canadensis, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil.
Foss. Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
minis, Beyrich, see Sphserexochus rom-
ingeri.
parvus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Chazy
& Black Riv. Gr. [Sig. small.]
romingeri, Hall, 1867, 20th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Sph^erocoryphe, Angelin, 1852, Palseonto-
logia Scandinavica. [Ety. sphaira, a
ball; koryphe, the top of the head.]
robustus, Walcott, 1875, Cin. Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. robust.]
salteri, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss.
Antic, Anticosti Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Telephus, Barrande. [Ety. mythological
name.]
americanus, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol.
1, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Terataspis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N. Y.
[Ety. teras, a marvel; aspis, shield.]
A subgenus of Acidaspis.
grandis, Hall, 1862, 15th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., (Lichas grandis) Schoharie grit.
[Sig. grand.]
eriopia, Hall, 1863, (Lichas eriopis) 16th
Reg. Rep. N. Y., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
Thaleops, Conrad, 1843, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 1. [Ety. thalos, a stalk; ops,
an eye.]
ovata, Conrad, 1843, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
vol. 1, Trenton Gr. [Sig. ovate.]
Triarthrella, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep.
N. Y. [Ety. diminutive of Triarthrus.]
auroralis, Hall, 1863, 16th Reg. Rep. N.
Y., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. in the morning. ]
Triarthrus, Green, 1832, Monograph of
Trilobites. [Ety. triarthrus, three-
jointed.]
becki, Green, 1832, Monograph of Trilo-
bites, Trenton & Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
spinosus, Billings, 1857, Rep. of Progr.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. full of spines.]
trilineatus, Emmons, 1844, (Atops trilin-
eatus) Taconic Syst., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. three-lined.]
Trimerus, syn. for Homalonotus.
delphinocephalus, see Homalonotus del-
phinocephalus.
jacksoni, see Homalonotus jacksoni.
Trinucleus, L h w y d , (or as he spelt it
Llhwydd) 1698, Phil. Trans., vol. 20.
[Ety. trinucleus, three-kerneled.]
concentricus, Eaton, 1832, (Nuttainia
concentrica) Geo. Text Book, Trenton
& Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. from the con-
centrical arrangement of the punc-
tures.]
tessellatus, Green, 1832, (Cryptolithus tes-
sellatus) syn. for Trinucleus concen-
tricus.
CLASS AEACHNIDA.
GENERA. — Architarbus, Arthrolycosa, Eoscorpius, Mazonia.
Abchitarbus, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3. [Ety. arche, beginning ; tarbos,
object of alarm.]
rotundatus, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. rounded.]
Arthrolycosa, Harger, 1874, Am. Jour. Sci.,
3rd series, vol. 7. [Ety. arthron, a
joint ; lykos, a spider.]
antiqua, Harger, 1874, Am. Jour. Sci., 3d
ser., vol. 7, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Eoscorpius, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 45. [Ety. eos, dawn ;
scorphts, a scorpion.]
carbonarius, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 45, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pertaining to coal.]
Mazonia, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3. [Ety. proper name.]
woodana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
CLASS MYEIAPODA.
GENERA. — Anthracerpes, Archiulus, Euphoberia, Xylobius.
Axthracerpes, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. anthrax,
coal ; erpo, to creep ; in allusion to its
Carboniferous age and probable
habits.]
typns, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. type of
the genus.] This is probably a worm.
Archiulus, Scudder, 1868, Mem. Bost. Soc.
Nat, Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. arche, begin-
ning ; ioulos, a wood louse.]
xylobioides, Scudder, 1868, Mem. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist,, vol. 2, Coal Meas.
[Ety. from its resemblance to the
genus Xylobius.]
Euphoberia, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 45. [Ety. eu, very;
plujberas, formidable.]
armigera, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 45, Coal Meas. [Sig.
armed.]
major, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 45, Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
Xylobius, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 16. [Ety. xylobius, living in
wood.]
dawsoni, Scudder, 1868, Mem. Bost, Soc.
Nat. Hist,, vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
fractus, Scudder, 1868, Mem. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
frail.]
sigillariae, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 16, Coal Meas. [Sig. from the
Sigillaria in which it was found.]
similis, Scudder, 1868, Mem. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
similar.]
CLASS INSECTA,
ORDER NEUROPTERA.— Chrestotes, Dyscritus, Ephenierites, Gerephemera, Haplo-
phlebium, Hemeristia, Homothetus, Libellula, Lithentomum, Megathentomum,
Miamia, Paolia, Platephemera, Xenoneura.
ORDER ORTHOPTERA.— Archegogryllus, Archimylacris, Blattina, Mylacris.
INCERT.E SEDIS — Palseocampa.
Archegogryllus, Scudder, 1868, Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist. [Ety. archegos, first in
time; gryttus, a cricket]
priscus, Scudder, 1868, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Archimylacris, Scudder, 1868, Acad. Geol.
[Ety. arche, beginning; Mylacris, cock-
roach.]
acadica, Scudder, 1868, Acad. Geol., Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
mantis, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. Ul.,vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Ety. Mantis, a genus of
insects.]
Blattixa, Burmeister, 1838, Handbuch der
Entomologie. [Ety. Blatta, a cock-
roach.]
bretonensis, Scudder, 1875, Can. Nat., n.
s., vol. 7, Carboniferous. [Ety. proper
name.]
heeri, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
sepulta, Scudder, 1876, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 8, Carboniferous. [Sig. lulled to
sleep, buried.]
venusta, Lesquereux, 1860, Geo. Ark.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. handsome.]
Chrestotes, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3. [Etv. chrestotes, good of its kind.]
lapidea, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. stony.]
Dyscritcs, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Mag., vol. 5.
[Etv. dyscritos, hard to determine,
doubtful.]
vetustus, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Mag., vol.
5, Devonian. [Sig. ancient.]
Ephemerites, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3. [Ety. from resemblance to the
Ephemera.]
aflinis, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. related to.]
gigas, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
simplex, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Sig. simple.]
Gerephemera, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 5. [Ety. geros, old; Ephemera, a
genus of insects.]
simplex, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Mag., vol. 5,
Devonian. [Sig. simple.]
Haplophlebium, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat.
& Geo., 2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. haplos,
simple ; phlebion, a vein.]
barnesi, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d ser., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Hemeristia, Dana, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 2d ser., vol. 37. [Ety. hemera,
day.]
occidentalis. Dana, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, '2d ser., vol. 37, Coal Meas.
[Sig. western.]
Homothetus, Scudder, 1867,Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 3. [Ety. homos, similar ;
thesis, placed.]
fossilis, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2nd series, vol. 3, Ham. or Chemung
Gr. [Sig. fossil, extinct.]
Libellula, Fabricius, 1776, as identified by
Scudder.
carbonaria, Scudder, 1876, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. pertain-
ing to coal.]
Lithentomum, Scudder, 1867,Can. Nat. &Geo.
2d series, vol. 3. [Ety. lithos, stone ;
entomon, an insect.]
harti, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2nd series, vol. 3, Ham. or Chemung
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Megathentomum, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3. [Ety. megathos, largeness ;
entomon, an insect.]
pustulatum, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. covered with
pustules.]
Miamia, Dana, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
2d ser., vol. 37. [Ety. proper name.]
bronsoni, Dana, 1864, Am. Jour. Sci. St
Arts, 2d ser., vol. 37, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
INSECTA.
danse, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Mylackis, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
3. [Ety. mulakris, a kind of cock-
roach.]
anthracophila, Scudder, 1868, Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Ety. anthrax,
coal ; philo, I like.]
Pal.<eocampa, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. palaios, ancient;
kampe, a caterpillar.]
anthrax, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety.
anthrax, coal ; in allusion to the Car-
boniferous age of the species.]
Paolia, Smith, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
3rd series, vol. 1. [Ety. proper name.]
vetusta, Smith, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd
series, vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Platephemera, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2nd series, vol. 3. [Ety. platys,
flat; epliemera, an insect.]
antiqua, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2d series, vol. 3, Ham. or Chemung Gr. *
[Sig. ancient.]
Xenoneura, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
2nd series, vol. 3. [Ety. xenos, new,
strange'; wwra, a nerve.]
antiquorum, Scudder, 1867, Can. Nat. &
Geo., 2nd series, vol. 3, Ham. or Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
SUB-KINGDOM VERTEBRATA.
First Class,
Second Class,
PISCES.
REPTILIA.
CLASS PISCES
ORDER GANOIDEI. — Acanthaspis, Acantholepis, Acrolepis, Amblypterus, Anaclitacan-
thus, Aspidichthys, Asterosteus, Catopterus, Cephalaspis, Coccosteus, Coelacanthus,
Conchodus, Ctenodus, Cyrtacanthus, Dinichthys, Dipterus, Eurylepis, Heliodus,
Holoptychius, Liognathus, Macropetalichthys, Mecolepis, Onychodus, Palseoniscus,
Peplorhina, Platysomus, Pterichthys, Pygopterus, Rhizodus, Rhynchodus.
ORDER SELACHII. — Acondylacanthus, Agassizodus, Amacanthus, Antliodus, Apedodus,
Aspidodus, Asteroptychius, Batacanthus, Bathycheilodus, Bythiacanthus, Calopo-
dus, Carcharopsis, Cheirodus, Cholodus, Chomatodus, Cladodus, Climaxodus,
Cochliodus, Compsacanthus, Ctenacanthus, Ctenopetalus, Ctenoptychius, Cymato-
dus, Dactylodus, Deltodus, Desraiodus, Diplodus, Drepanacanthus, Edestes, Erisma-
canthus, Fissodus, Gampsacanthus, Geisacanthus, Glymmatacanthus, Gyracanthus,
Harpacodus, Helodus, Hybocladodus, Lambdodus, Lecracanthus, Leiodus, Lepto-
phractus, Lisgodus, Listraeanthus, Macheeracanthus, Marracanthus, Mesodmodus,
Oracanthus, Orodus, Orthacantbus, Peltodus, Periplectrodus, Peripristis, Petalodus,
Petalorhyncbus, Petrodns, Phcebodus, Physonemus, Platyodus, Pleuracanthus,
Pnigeacanthus, Pcecilodus, Polyrhizodus, Pristicladodus, Pristodus, Psammodus,
Psephodus, Ptyctodus, Sandalodus, Stemmatodus, Stenacanthus, Tanaodus, Thrina-
codus, Trigonodus, Venustodus, Xystracanthus, Xystrodus.
Acanthaspis, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2. [Ety. akantha, spine ; aspis, a shield.]
armata, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. armed.]
Acantholepis, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2. [Ety. akantha, a spine ; lepis,
a scale.]
pustulosa, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. covered
with pustules.]
Acondylacanthus, St. John & Worthen,
1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety.
akondyloH, without bony knobs;
akantha, a spine.]
sequicostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. equal ribbed.]
gracilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
occidentalis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Leptacanthus occidentalis) Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. western.]
Acrolepis, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches Poiss.
Foss. [Ety. akros, sharp; lepis, a
scale.]
hortonensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Agasskhthys, syn. for Macropetalichthys.
manni, see Macropetalichthys manni.
sullivanti, see Macropetalichthys sulli-
vanti.
PISCES.
Agassizodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. proper
name; odous, tooth.]
corrugatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
(Orodus corrugatus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. wrinkled.]
scitulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pretty, neat.]
variabilis, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
(Lophodus variabilis) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig. variable.]
virginianus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Amacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. anakanthos,
destitute of prickles.]
gibbosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Homacanthus gibbosus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
Amblypterus, Agassiz, 1833, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. amblys,
blunt ; pteron, fin.]
macropterus, Agassiz, 1835, Recherch.
Poiss. Foss., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
large-finned.]
Anaclitacanthus, St. John & Worthen,
1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety.
anaklitos, leant upon ; akantha, a spine.]
semicostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. half-ribbed.]
Antliodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. antlia, a
depression; odous, a tooth.]
cucullus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
a covering.]
gracilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
minutus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
~.,vol.
small.]
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
mucronatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Suf. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. sharp-pointed.]
parvulus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. very small.]
perovalis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
very ovate.]
robustus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
robust.]
politus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
sarcululus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a little hoe.]
similis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. similar.]
simplex, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
sulcatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
furrowed.]
Apedodus, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., 2d ser., vol. 3. [Ety. apedos, level,
, smooth ; odous, tooth.]
priscus, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., 2d ser., vol. 3, Chemung Gr.
[Sig. ancient]
Aspidichthys, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1. [Ety. axpis, a shield; ichthys,
a fish.]
clavatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Portage Gr. [Sig. club-shaped.]
Aspidodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. aspis, a shield ;
odous, tooth.]
convolutus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
rolled as it were together.]
crenulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
crenulated, zigzag.]
Asteeacanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. aster,
star ; akantha, spine.]
siderius, Leidy, see Bythiacanthus siderius.
Asteroptychius, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. aster,
a star ; ptyche, a wrinkle.]
bellulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pretty, neat.]
keokuk, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
st. ludovici, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
tenuis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
triangularis, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. triangular.]
vetustus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
ancient.]
Asterosteus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2. [Ety. aster, a star; osteon, a
bone.]
stenocephalus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. narrow-
headed.]
Batacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. batos, a
prickly bush ; akantha, a spine.]
baculiformis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. staff-shaped.]
stellatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Drepanacanthus (?) stellatus) Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
starred.]
PISCES.
Bathycheilodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. bathys,
deep; cheilos, lip; odous, tooth.]
macisaacsi, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
Bythiacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. bythios,
deep ; akantha, a spine.]
siderius, Leidy, 1873, (Asteracanthus
siderius) Ext. Vert. Fauna, Low.
Carb. [Sig. starred.]
vanhornei, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Calopodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Sig. a shoemaker's
last.]
apicalis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
sharp-pointed.]
Carchakopsis, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. car-
charopsis, shark -like.]
wortheni, Newberry, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Catopterus, Redfield, 1841, Annals N. Y.
Lyceum, vol.. 4. [Ety. kata, on the
lower side ; pteron, a fin.]
macrurus, Redfield, 1841, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 41, Carboniferous. [Sig. large-
finned.]
Cephalaspis, Agassiz, 1835, Recherch. Pois.
Foss. [Ety. kephale, head; aspis, a
shield.]
dawsoni, Lankester, 1870, London Geo.
Mag., Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Cheirodis, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist. [Ety. cfieir, the hand; odous,
tooth.]
acutus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. sharp-
pointed.]
Cholodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. cholos, defec-
tive; odous, tooth.]
insequalis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig. un-
equal.]
Chomatodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. choma, a
pile or heap ; odous, tooth.]
affinis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
near to.]
angularls, see Tanaodus angularis.
arcuatus, St. John, 1870, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. arched.]
chesterensis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
comptus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
elegant.]
costatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
ribbed.]
cultellus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
a small knife.]
elegans, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
elegant.]
ffracillimw, see Tanaodus gracillimus.
inconstans, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. not constant in form or size.]
incrassatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. thickened.]
insignis, Leidy, 1856, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc., vol. 11, St, Louis Gr. [Sig.
marked.]
linearis, Agassiz, 1838, (Psammodus line-
aris) Recherches Pois. Foss., Low.
Carb. [Sig. lined.]
loriformis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. like a thong or whip.]
molaris, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. like
a molar or grinder.]
multiplicatus, see Tanaodus multiplicatus.
obscurus, see Tanaodus obscurus.
parallelus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo,
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
parallel.]
pusillus, Newberrv & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
very small.]
varsoviensis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name.J
venustm, Leidy, see \enustodus leidyi,
where the specific name is made to
designate the genus, and the author
the specific name, contrary to the
rules of nomenclature; also see Venus-
todus venustus.
Cladodus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. klados, a
twig; odous, tooth.]
acuminatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Low. Carb. [Sig.
sharp-pointed; from the extreme
sharpness of the central and lateral
denticles.]
alternatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. alternating.]
^hgulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. angular.]
bellifer, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
war-like, martial.]
carinatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
keeled.]
concinnus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Portage Gr. [Sig. handsome.]
costatus, Newberry & Worthen, 18 66,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
ribbed, having prominent ridges.]
230
PISCES.
deflexus, Newberry & Worthen, 18 70,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. downward, turned aside.]
eccentricus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. eccentric]
elegans, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. elegant.]
Kb ■
euglypheus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. well carved, distinctly marked.]
exiguus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
small.]
exilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
small, slender.]
ferox, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
fierce, sharp-pointed.]
fulleri, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
gomphoides, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. like a club.]
gracilis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender.]
grandis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. Ill.,vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig. great.]
hertzeri, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Portage Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
intercostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. intercostated, ridge within ridge.]
ischypus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. strong-footed.]
lamnoides, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. from resemblance to the teeth
of the living Lamna.]
magnificus, Tuomey, 1858, 2d Rep. Geo.
Ala., Low. Carb. [Sig. magnificent.]
micropus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. small footed.]
mortifer, Newberrv & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
death dealing, deadly.]
newmani, Tuomey, 1856, Geo. Alabama,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]*
pandatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
bent downward.]
parvulus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Portage Gr. [Sig. very small.]
pattersoni, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
politus, Newberrv & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
smoothed.]
prsenuntius, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a foreteller, harbinger.]
raricostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. having few ridges; from a few
diverging thread-like striae on the
outer face of the principal cone.]
robustus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. robust.]
romingeri, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
spinosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. full of spines.]
springeri, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
stenopus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. narrow-footed.]
subulatus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. awl-shaped,
subulate.]
succinctus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. girded, contracted, short.]
turritus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
fortified, turreted.]
vanhornei, St. John" & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
wachsmuthi, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
zygopus, Newberrv & Worthen, 1866,Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
with joined feet.]
Climaxodus, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist. [Ety. klimax, a ladder; odous, a
tooth.]
brevis, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. short.]
Coccosteus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherch. Pois.
Foss., vol. 2. [Ety. kokkos, a berry ;
osteon, a bone.]
occidentals, Newberry, 1874, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. western.]
Cochliodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. kochlias, a
cockle; odous, a tooth.]
costatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. ribbed.]
crassus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
nobilis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
noble.]
Ccblacanthus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. koilos,
hollow ; akantha, spine.]
elegans, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
elegant.]
ornatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
adorned.]
PISCES.
231
robustus, Newberrv, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
robust.]
Compsaca.vthus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. compsos, ele-
gant ; akantha, a spine.]
lajvis, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
smooth.]
Cvitchiopsis, syn. for Coelacanthus.
anguliferus, syn. for Coelacanthus elegans.
exanthematicus, syn. for Peplorhina an-
thracina.
Jiliferus, syn. for Coelacanthus elegans.
Conchodus, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d ser., vol. 2. [Ety. conchos, a
shell ; odoux, a tooth.]
plicatus, Dawson, 1808, Acad. Geol., Coal
Meas. [Sig. plicated.]
Ctenacanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. ktenos,
a comb ; akantha, a spine.]
angulatus, Newberrv & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol" 2, Chester Or. [Sig.
angular.]
burlingtonensis, St. John & Worthen,
1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
costatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis, Gr.
• [Sig. ribbed.]
elegans, Tuomey, 1858, Geo. Ala., Low.
Carb. [Sig. elegant.]
excavatus, St. John & AVorthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. excavated.]
formosus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Waverly Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
furcicarinatus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Waverly Gr. [Sig. forked and
keeled.]
gemmatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. having buds.]
gracillimus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. very slender.]
grado-costatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. having steps and ribs.]
keokuk, St. John & Worthen. 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk' Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
marshi, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
mayi, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Ohio
Pal., vol. 1, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
parvulus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Cleveland shale. [Sig. very small.]
pugiunculus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. a small dagger.]
sculptus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
engraved.]
similis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
similar.]
speciosus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
spectabilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. remarkable.]
triangularis, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, AVaverly Gr. [Sig. triangular.]
varians, St. John & AVorthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
variable.]
vetustus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Portage Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
Ctenodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. ktenos, a
comb ; odous, a tooth.]
ohioensis, Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
reticulatus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. like net-
work.]
serratus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. * [Sig. saw-edged, ser-
rated.]
Ctenopetalus, Agassiz, 1869, Catal. Foss.
Fish, Collection of Earl of Enniskillen.
[Ety. ktenos, a comb ; petalos, broad,
full grown.]
bellulus, St. John & AVorthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
very beautiful.]
limatulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig. like
a little file.]
medius, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
intermediate.]
occidentalis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
western.]
vinosus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
full of wine.]
Ctenoptychius, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. ktenos,
a comb ; ptyche, a wrinkle.]
cristatus, Dawson, 186 8, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. tufted.]
pertenuis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr.
[Sig. very slender.]
semicircularis, Newberry & AVorthen,
1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas.
[Sig. half-circular.]
stevensoni, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Cyrt acanthus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1. [Ety. kurtos, curved; akantha,
a spine.]
dentatus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. toothed.]
232
PISCES.
Cymatodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4. [Ety. a/mates,
wavy ; odous, tooth.]
oblongus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Up. Coal Meas
[Sig. oblong.]
Dactylodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. daktylos, a
finger ; odous, a tooth.]
concavus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr,
[Sig. concave.]
excavatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
hollowed out.]
inflexus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
bent, curved.]
lobatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. lobate.]
minimus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. III., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. very small.]
princeps, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. chief.]
Deltodus, Newberry &. Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. delta, tri-
angular ; odous, tooth.]
alatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
winged.]
angularis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
angular.]
angustus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Chester Gr.
[Sig. narrow.]
cingulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Goo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
encircled with lines.]
complanatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. smoothed.]
fasciatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. banded, girded.]
grandis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
grand.]
littoni, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
rhomboideus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
lozenge or diamond-shaped.]
spatulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. spatulate, blade-shaped.]
stellatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. starred.]
undulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
•Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. undulated, waved.]
Desmiodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. desmos, a liga-
ment ; odous, tooth.] This name was
applied to a genus of bats, in 1826, by
Prinz, Neu. Wied. in Beitrage zur
Naturg. Brasilieus.
costelliferus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. bearing faint ribs.]
flabellum, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. a little fan.]
~}hn
ig. a
iform
ligoniformis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo." Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. like a mattock.]
minusculus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Orodus minusculus) Geo. Rep. 111.,
vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. rather small.]
tumidus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
swollen out.]
Dinichthys, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1.
[Ety. demos, terrible ; khthys, a fish.]
hertzeri, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
terrelli, Newberry, 1873-75, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1 and 2, Corniferous Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Diplodus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. diploos,
double; odous, a tooth.] This name
was used by Rafinesque for a genus of
Sparidse in 1810, Indice d'Littologia
Siciliana.
acinaces, Dawson, 1860, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. a short saber.]
compressus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci.Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
compressed.]
diqjlicatus, see Thrinacodus duplicatus.
gracilis, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender.]
incurvus, see Thrinacodus incurvus.
latus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
broad.]
penetrans, Dawson, 1860, Acad. Gepl.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. piercing, penetrat-
ing-]
Diptkrus, Sedgwick & Murchison, 1828, Geo.
Trans. , 2d series, vol. 3. [Ety. dipteros,
two winged.] Diptera is an order of
insects established by Linnaeus?
sherwoodi, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Catskill Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Drepanacanthus, Newberry & Worthen,
1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety.
drepane, a sickle ; akantha, a spine.]
anceps, see Xystracanthus anceps.
gemmatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. budded or having knots.]
reversus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
reversed.]
stellatus, see Batacanthus stellatus.
PISCES.
Edestes, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
2nd series, vol. 3. [Ety. edestes, a de-
vourer.]
heinrichsi, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
minor, Newberry, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
vorax, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., vol. 3, 2d series, Coal Meas.
[Sig. ravenous, voracious.]
Elonkhthys peltigerus, see Palaeoniscus pelti-
gerus.
Erismacanthus, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. 2. [Ety.
ereisma, a prop or stay; akantha, a
spine.]
maccoyanus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Eubylepis, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. eurys, broad ; lepis,
scale.]
corrugata, Newberrv, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil.," Coal Meas. [Sig.
corrugated.]
granulata, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
granular.]
insculpta, dewberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
carved, engraved.]
lineata, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
lined.]
minima, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. very small.]
ornatissima, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
highly ornamented.]
ovoidea, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. egg-
shaped.]
striolata, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Coal Meas. [Sig. very minutely
striated.]
tuberculata, Newberry, 1856, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. tuber-
culated.]
Fissodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. fissus, split;
odous, tooth.]
bifidus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
divided into two parts.]
tricuspidatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr.
[Sig. three-pointed.]
Gampsacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. gampsos,
curved; akantha, a spine.]
(?) latus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
wide.]
squamosus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. scaly.]
typus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
the type of the genus.]
Geisacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. geison, a
border ; akantha, a spine.]
bullatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
bossed, studded.]
stellatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
starred.]
Glymmatacanthus, St. John & Worthen,
1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety.
glymmatos, engraved; akantha, a spine.]
irishi, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] t
Gyracanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Recherches
sur les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. gyros,
a circle; akantha, a spine.]
alleni, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Cuyahoga shale. [Ety. proper name.]
compressus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Cuyahoga shale. [Sig. com-
pressed.]
duplicatus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. doubled.]
magnificus, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Low. Carb. [Sig. magnificent, splen-
did.]
Harpacodus, Agassiz, 1869, Catal. Foss.
Fish,Collection of Earl of Enniskillen.
[Ety. harpe, a hook; odous, a tooth.]
compactus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr.
[Sig. compact.]
occidentalis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. western.]
Heliodus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2. [Ety. helios, the sun; odous, a
tooth.]
lesleyi, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Helodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. helos, a nail
or rudder; odous, a tooth.]
angulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. angular.]
biformis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. double-formed.]
carbonarius, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pertaining to coal.]
compressus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. compressed.]
compressus, see Hybocladodus compressus.
coniculus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a little cone.]
consohdatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. consolidated.]
234
PISCES.
crenulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. crenulated.]
• lenshumani, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
denticulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. III., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. denticulated.]
elytra, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
elytron, the wing covering as the elytra
of the beetle.]
gibbosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
gibbous.]
Umax, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
a slug, dew-snail.]
nobilis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
noble, excellent.]
placenta, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. a cake.]
politus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
rngosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
sulcatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr,
[Sig. furrowed.]
ldulati
undulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr
[Sig. waved.]
Holoptychius, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. holos,
entire ; ptyclie, a wrinkle.]
americanus, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 3, Catskill Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nobilissimus, Agassiz, as identified by
Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y.,
is described as H. americanus.
taylori, Hall, 1843, (Sauripteris taylori)
Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., Catskill
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Homacanthus, Agassiz, 1845, Mon. Pois. Foss.
Syst., Devonian.
gibbosus, see Amacanthus gibbosus.
rectus, see Marracanthus rectus.
Hybocladodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. hybos, a
hump ; Cladodus, a genus of fossil fish.]
compressus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Helodus compressus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig. com-
pressed.]
intermedius, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. intermediate.]
nitidus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
neat, pretty.]
plicatilus, St. John & Worthen, 1875 r
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. in small folds.]
tenuicostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. finely lined.]
Lambdodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. Lambda, a
Greek letter; odous, a tooth.]
calceolus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo,
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig,
a sandal, a slipper.]
calceolus var. robustus, St. John & Wor-
then, 1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keo
kuk Gr. [Sig. robust.]
costatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo
Burlington Gr. [Sig,
Sur. 111., vol
ribbed.]
hamulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig. a
small hook.]
reflexus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
turned back.]
transversus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. crosswise.]
Lecbacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. lekroi, the
antlers of a stag ; akantha, a spine.]
unguiculus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
furnished with claw-like processes.]
Leiodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. lelos, smooth ;
odous, tooth.]
calcaratus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. spurred, spur-shaped.]
calcaratus var. grossipunctatus, St. John
& Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol.
6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. thick-punctured.]
Leptacanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Poiss. Foss.,vol.3,
[Ety. leptos, slender; akantha, spine.]
occidentalis, see Acondylacanthus occi-
dentalis.
Leptophbactus, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. leptos, thin ; phraktos,
walled.]
obsoletus, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. obsolete.]
Liognathus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1. [Ety. lis, smooth; gnathos, the jaw.]
spatulatus, Newberry, 1873 ; Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. spatulate,
blade-shaped.]
Lisgodus, St. John& Worthen, 1875,Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6. [Ety. lisgos, a spade ; odous,
a tooth.]
curtus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
short.]
selluliformis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. like a little seat or stool.]
serratus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. Ill, vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
saw-edged.]
PISCES.
Listracanthus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870.
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4. [Ety. listron, a
shovel ; akantha, a spine.]
hildrethi, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
hystrix, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
covered or beset with spines.]
Lopliodm, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4. This name was pre-
occupied by Romanowsky in 1864.
variabilis, see Agassizodus variabilis.
Mach^racanthus, Newberry, 1853, Annals
of Science, vol. 1, and 1857, Bull. Nat.
Inst. [Ety. machaira, a sabre ; akan-
tha, a spine.]
major, Newberry, 1857, Bull. Nat. Inst.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. greater.]
peracutus, Newberry, 1857, Bull. Nat.
Inst., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. very
sharp-pointed.]
sulcatus, Newberry, 1857, Bull. Nat. Inst.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. furrowed.]
Macropktalichthys, Norwood & Owen,
1846, Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 1.
[Ety. makros, large ; petalos, expanded
or spread out ; icMhys, a fish.]
manni, Newberry, 1853, (Agassichthys
manni) Annals of Science, vol. 1, and
1857, Bull. Nat. Inst., Corniferous Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
rapheidolabis, Norwood & Owen, 1846,
Am. Jour. Sci., 2d ser., vol. 1, Up.
Held. Gr. [Ety. raphis, a needle ;
eidos, form ; labis, forceps.]
sullivanti, Newberry, 1857, (Agassichthys
sullivanti) Bull.Nat. Inst., Corniferous
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Marracanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. marron, a
spade ; akantha, a spine. ]
rectus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, (Ho-
macanthus (?) rectus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. straight.]
Mkcolepis, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. mekos, large ; lepis,
a scale.]
corrugata, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wrinkled.]
granulata, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
granulated.]
insculpta, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. en-
graved.]
lineata, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
lined.]
ornatissima, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
highly ornamented.]
ovoidea, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
ovoidal.]
serrata, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
serrated.]
tuberculata, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
tuberculated.]
Mesodmodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. mesodme,
something between; odous, a tooth.]
explanatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. spread out.]
exculptus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. deeply sculptured.]
ornatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
ornamented.]
Onchus, Agassiz, 1837, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. onchos, bent
or hooked like a talon or arrow-barb.]
deweyi, see Ceratiocaris deweyi.
Onychodus, Newberry, 1853, Annals of Sci-
ence, vol. 1, and 1857, Bull. Nat. Inst.
[Ety. onyx, a claw ; odous, tooth.]
hopkinsi, Newberry, 1853, Annals of Sci-
ence, vol. 1, and 1857, Bull. Nat. Inst.,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
sigmoides, Newberry, 1853,Annals of Sci-
ence, vol. 1, and 1857, Bull. Nat. Inst.,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. like the letter
Sigma.}
Oracanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. oraios,
beautiful; akantha, spine.]
abbreviatus, Newberry, 1853, Annals of
Science, vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
abbreviated.]
consimilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. wholly similar.]
(?) obliquus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. oblique.]
pnigeus, Newberrv & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., voh 2, Keokuk Gr. This
species is made the type of the genus
Pnigeacanthus, see P. deltoides.
vetustus, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., 2d ser., vol. 3, Low. Carb.
[Sig. ancient.]
fragilis, Newberry, 1853, Annals of Sci-
ence, vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
frail, easily broken.]
granulatus, Newberry, 1853, Annals of
Science, vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
granulated.]
multiseriatus, Newberry, 1853, Annals of
Sci., vol. 1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. in
many series.]
Orodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur les
Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. oraios, beau-
tiful; odous, tooth.]
alleni, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
carinatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. keeled.]
corrugatus, see Agassizodus corrugatus.
PISCES.
dffidaleus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo,
Sur. 111. , vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Ety,
mythological name.]
decussatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. arranged in pairs that alternately
cross each other.]
elegantulus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. very elegant.]
fastigiatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. pointed.]
major, St. John & Worthen, 1875,Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig. large.]
mammillaris, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. pap-shaped.]
minusculus, see Desmiodus minusculus.
minutus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. very small.]
multicarinatus, Newberry & Worthen,
1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Kinderhook
Gr. [Sig. many-keeled.]
neglectus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. overlooked.]
ornatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
ornamented.]
parallelus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. parallel.]
parvulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
very small.]
plicatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig
folded.]
tuberculatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. tuberculated.]
turgidus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
turgid, swollen out.]
variabilis, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Waverly Gr. [Sig. variable.]
variocostatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. variably ribbed.]
whitei, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Orthacanthus, Agassiz, 1843, Poiss. Foss.,
vol. 3. [Ety. orthos, straight ; akantha,
spine.]
arcuatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
bent, bow-shaped.]
gracilis, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
PALiEONiscus, Agassiz, 1833, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. palaios,
ancient; oniscus, a wood louse.]
alberti, Jackson, 1851, Rep. on the Albert
Coal Mine, New Brunswick, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
brainardi, Thomas, 1853, Bost. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 4, Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Berea
grit. [Ety. proper name.]
browni, Jackson, 1851, Rep. on Albert
Coal Mine, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
cairnesi, Jackson, 1851, Rep. on Albert
Coal Mine, New Brunswick, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
gracilis, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender.]
leidyanus, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., 2d series, vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
peltigerus, Newberry, 1857, (Elonichthys
peltigerus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Coal Meas. [Sig. bearing a small
shield.]
scutigerus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig.
shield-bearing. ]
Peltodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4. [Ety. pelte, a half-
moon shield ; odous, a tooth.]
plicomphalus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
folded in the middle.]
quadratus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. square-shaped.]
transversus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
crosswise.]
unguiformis, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
claw-shaped.]
Peploehina, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. peplos, a robe ; Rhine,
a kind of dog-fish.]
anthracina, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat,
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Ety. anthrax,
coal.] Prof. Newberry says this species
is an amphibian and not a fish.
Periplectrodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. peri, near
by; Plectrodw, a genus of fish.]
compressus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. compressed.]
expansus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
expanded.]
warreni, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Petalodus, Owen, 1840, Odontography.
[Ety. petalos, spread out; odous, a
tooth.]
alleghaniensis, Leidy, 1856, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., 2nd series, vol. 3, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
curtus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
short.]
destructor, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
a destroyer.]
PISCES.
237
hybridus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. hybrid; intermediate between
two species.]
linguifer, Newberry & Worthen, 1856,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
tongue-bearing.]
parvulus, Newberry & Worthen, Carbon-
iferous. [Sig. very small.]
politus, Newberry & Worthen, Carbon-
iferous. [Sig. smooth.]
sulcatus, Newberry & Worthen, Carbon-
iferous. [Sig. furrowed.]
proximus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
approaching, near to.]
Petalorhynchus, Agassiz, 1855, in British
Pal. Rocks. [Ety. petalos, spread out;
rhynclws, a beak.j
distortus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. HI., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
distorted, twisted.]
pseudosagittatus, St. John & Worthen,
1875, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. false sagittatw, a species of
Petalorhynchus. ]
spatulatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. spatulate, blade-shaped.]
striatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
striated.]
Pktbodus, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 2d series, vol. 2. [Ety. petros, a
rock ; odous, a tooth.]
acutus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
sharp-pointed.]
occidentalis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
western.]
pustulosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol" 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. covered with pustules.]
Phcebodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. mythological
name; odous, a tooth.]
sophise, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
Physonemus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. physa, a
bladder ; nema, a thread.]
altonensis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
carinatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
keeled.]
chesterensis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
depressus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. depressed.]
gigas, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
large.]
parvulus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig!
very small.]
proclivis, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
sloping, going downward.]
Platyodus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2. [Ety. platys, broad ; odous, a tooth.]
lineatus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Waverly Gr. [Sig. lined.]
Platysomus, Agassiz, 1833, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. platys,
broad ; soma, body.]
circularis, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
circular.]
Plevracanthus, Agassiz, 1837, Poiss. Foss.,
vol. 3. [Ety. pleura, side ; akantha,
spine.]
arcuatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. bent.]
biserialis, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
having two series.]
dilatatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.Nat. v
Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. dilated.]
Pnigeacanthus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. from the
specific name in Oracanthus pnigeus ;
akantha, a spine.]
deltoides, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
like the Greek letter Delta.] But why
should this species not be Pnigeacan-
thus pnigeus f
Pcscilodus, Agassiz, 1843, Recherches Poiss.
Foss., vol. 3. [Ety. poikilos, variegated ;
odous, tooth.]
convolutus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. rolled together.]
ornatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. ornamented.]
rugosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. wrinkled.]
Polyrhizodus, McCoy, 1848, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2nd series, vol. 2. [Ety.
polys, many ; rhiza, root ; odous, tooth.]
amplus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
full-sized.]
carbonarius, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
pertaining to coal.]
dentatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
toothed.]
littoni, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
modestus, Newberry, 1875, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 2, Cleveland shale. [Sig. mode-
rate.]
nanus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
dwarfish.]
\
PISCES.
piasaensis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ponticulus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
a little bridge.]
porosus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
full of pores, porous.]
truncatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. truncated, cut off.]
williamsi, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Pristicladodus, McCoy, 1855, British Pal.
Rocks. [Ety. from the two genera
Pristis and Cladodus.']
springeri, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Pristodus, Agassiz. [Ety. pristis, a saw ;
odious, a tooth.]
acuminatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. sharp-pointed.]
Psammodus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherches sur
les Poissons Fossiles. [Ety. psammos,
sand ; odous, tooth.]
angularis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
angular.]
antiquus, Newberry, 1853, Annals of
Science, vol. 1, and 1857, Bull. Nat.
Inst., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. ancient.]
porosus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherch. Poiss.
Foss., Chester Gr. [Sig. full of pores. ]
reticulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Chester Gr. [Sig.
reticulated, net work.]
rhomboideus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
like a rhomb, lozenge-shaped.]
rugosus, Agassiz, 1838, Recherch. Poiss.
Foss., St. Louis Gr. [Sig. wrinkled.]
semicylindricus, Newberry & Worthen,
1866, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. half cylindrical.]
Psephodus, Agassiz. [Ety. psepkos, a peb-
ble; odous, a tooth.]
reticulatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. reticulated, like net work.]
Ptkrichthys, Miller, 1840, in British Rep.
[Ety. pteron, a fin ; ichthys, a fish.]
norwoodensis, Owen, 1846, Am. Jour.
Sci., 2nd series, vol. 1, "Op. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Ptyctodus, Pander, Uber die Ctenodipteri-
nen des Devonischens Systems. [Ety.
ptyktos, folded ; odous, a tooth.]
calceolus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Rinodus calceolus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. a sandal or
slipper.]
Pygopterus, Agassiz, 1833, Poiss. Foss., vol.
2. [Ety. pyge, rump ; pteron, a fin.]
scutellatus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
shielded.]
Rhizoous, Owen, 1840, Odontography. [Ety.
rhiza, a root ; odous, a tooth.]
angustus, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
narrow.]
hardingi, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
incurvus, ^-Newberry, 1857, Proc, Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig. in-
curved.]
lancifer, Newberry, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., vol. 8, Coal Meas. [Sig.
bearing a lance.]
occidentalis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
western.]
quadratus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal.,
vol. 1, Coal Meas. [Sig. square-shaped.]
reticulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4, Coal Meas. [Sig.
reticulated, net-work.]
Rhynchodus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1. [Ety. rhynchos, a beak; odous, a
tooth.]
crassus, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. thick.]
frangens, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol.
1, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. broken.]
secans, Newberry, 1873, Ohio Pal., vol. 1,
Corniferous Gr. [Sig. divided up.]
Rinodus, syn. for Ptyctodus.
calceolus, see Ptyctodus calceolus.
Sandalodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. sandalon,
a sandal ; odous, a tooth.]
angustus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
narrow.]
carbonarius, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig
pertaining to coal.]
crassus, Newberry & Worthen, 1870, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 4, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
grandis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
large.]
laevissimus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
very smooth.]
parvulus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
very small.]
spatulatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
spatulate, blade-shaped.]
SauHpteris, Hall, 1843, Geo. Rep. 4th Dist.
N. Y. [Ety. sauros, a lizard ; pteron,
a wing.]
taylori, see Holoptychius taylori.
PISCES.
Stemmatodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. stemmatos,
a wreath ; odous, a tooth.]
bicristatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. double-peaked.]
bifurcatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. forked.]
cheiriformis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. Burlington Gr.
[Sig. like a hand.]
compactus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
compact.]
keokuk, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
simplex, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
simple.]
symmetricus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. symmetrical.]
Stenacanthus, Leidy, 1857, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 8. [Ety. stems, nar-
row; akantha, a spine.]
nitidus, Leidy, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 8, Devonian. [Sig. neat,
smooth.]
Tanaodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. tanaos, long;
odous, a tooth.]
angularis, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Chomatodus angularis) Geo. Sur. III.,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. angulated.]
bellicinctus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
beautifully banded.]
depressus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
depressed.]
gracillimus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Chomatodus gracillimus) Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig. very
slender.]
grossiplicatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
thick-folded.]
multiplicatus, Newberry & Worthen,
1866, (Chomatodus multiplicatus) Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
many folded.]
obscurus, Leidy, 1856, (Chomatodus ob-
scurus) Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 11,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. obscure.]
polymorphus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
many formed.]
praenuntius, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. forboding.]
pumilus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. a
dwarf.]
sculptus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. [Sig.
engraved, sculptured.]
sublunatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. somewhat lunate.]
Thbinacodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. thrinakos,
three-pronged ; odous, a tooth.]
nanus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig.
dwarfish.]
duplicatus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Diplodus duplicatus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. folded in
two.]
incurvus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Diplodus incurvus) Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. incurved.]
Tbigonodus, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. trigonos,
three-cornered ; odous, tooth.]
major, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
large.]
minor, Newberry & Worthen, 1866, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
small.]
Venustodus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6. [Ety. venustus, beau-
tiful ; odous, tooth.]
argutus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Chester Gr. [Sig.
pretty.]
kidyi, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, St. Louis Gr. This
name is a syn. for V. venustus.
robustus, St. John & Worthen, 1875, Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
robust.]
tenuicristatus, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
slender-peaked.]
variabilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. variable.]
venustus, Leidy, 1856, (Chomatodus ve-
nustus) Trans.Am. Phil. Soc. Phil., vol.
11, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Xystkacanthus, Leidy, 1859, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. xystra, a tool
for scraping; akantha, a spine.]
acinaciformis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
scimitar-shaped.]
anceps, Newberry & Worthen, 1866,
(Drepanacanthus anceps) Geo. Sur.
111., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. doubtful.]
arcuatus, Leidy, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. bent,
bow-shaped.]
mirabilis, St. John & Worthen, 1875,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 6, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wonderful.]
Xystrodus, Agassiz. [Ety. xystra, an instru-
ment for scraping ; odous, tooth.]
occidentalis, St. John, Coal Meas. [Sig.
western.] ■ -
CLASS EEPTILIA.
SUB-CLASS BATKACHIA,
FAMILY COLOSTEID^E.— Amphibamus, Colosteus, Sauropleura.
FAMILY MOLGOPHID.E.— Molgophis, Pleuroptyx.
FAMILY PHLEGETHONTIIDiE.— Phlegethontia.
FAMILY PTYONIID.E.— Hyphasma, Oestocephalus, Ptyonius.
FAMILY TUDITANIDiE.— Brachydectes, Ceraterpeton, Dendrerpeton, Eurythorax,
Hylerpeton, Hylonomus, Leptophractus, Pelion, Tuditanus.
ORDER PROTEIDA.— Cocytinus, Thyrsidium.
INCERTJS SEDIS. — Baphetes, Cheirotherium, Clepsysaurus, Collettosaurus, Eosaurus,
Ornithichnites, Sauropus, Spheropezium, Thenaropus.
Amphibamus, Cope, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. amphi, both; bama,
a step; from its two modes of pro-
gressing — swimming and walking.]
grandiceps, Cope, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. big-
headed.]
Baphetes, Owen, 1853, Jour. Geo. Soc.
London, vol. 9. [Ety. bapto, I dip or
dive — a diving animal.]
minor, Dawson, 1870, Can. Nat. & Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. less.]
planiceps, Owen, 1853, Jour. Geo. Soc.
London, vol. 9, Coal Meas. [Ety.
flat-headed.]
Bkachydectes, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. brachys, short ; dekles,
a biter.]
newberryi, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Ceraterpeton, Huxley. [Ety. keras, horn ;
erpeton, reptile.]
punctolineatum, Cope, 1875,OhioPal.,vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. puncture-lined.]
tenuicorne, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. slender-horned.]
Cheirotherium, Kaup, 1835, in Leonhard
und Bronn, Neues Jahrbuch fur Min-
eralogie. [Ety. cheir, the hand ;
therion, beast.]
reiteri, Moore, 1863, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 3rd ser., vol. 5, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Clepsysaurus, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 2. [Ety. klepsydra, a sand-
glass ; saurm, a lizard ; from the com-
pression laterally of the vertebra?
towards the center.]
peiinsylvanicus, Lea, 1852, Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Cocytinus, Cope, 1871, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.
[Ety. kokytos, mythological name.]
gyrinoides, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a tadpole.]
Collettosaurus, Cox, 1873, Geo. Sur. Ind.
[Ety. proper name; sauras, a lizard.]
indianensis, Cox, 1873, Geo. Sur. Ind.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Colosteus, Cope, 1869. Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc. [Ety. kolos, short; osteon, a bone.]
crassiculatus, syn. for C. scutellatus.
foveatus, 1869, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. pitted.]
marshi, see Ptyonius marshi.
pauciradiatus, Cope, 1874,Trans. Am.Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. few-lined.]
scutellatus, Newberry, 1856, (Pygopterus
scutellatus) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. having a shield.]
Dendrerpeton, Owen, 1853, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 9. [Ety. dendron, a
tree ; erpeton, a lizard ; from the pe-
culiar circumstances under which the
fossil reptile was found.]
REPTILIA.
241
acadianum, Owen, 1853, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 9, Coal Meas. [Ety. from
Acadia, the ancient name of Nova
Scotia.]
oweni, Dawson, 1863, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 19, -Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Eosaukus, Marsh, 1862, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 7. [Ety. eos, the dawn ; gauros,
a lizard.]
acadianus, Marsh, 1862, Can. Nat. & Geo.,
vol. 7, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Eurythorax, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2.
[Y,ty. curi/s, broad; thorax, the breast.]
subkevis, Cope, 1871, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc,
Coal Meas. [Sig. somewhat smooth.]
Hylerpeton, Owen, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18. [Ety. hyle, wood ; erpekm,
reptile.]
curtidentatum, Dawson, 1876, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, vol. 12, Coal Meas. [Sig.
short-toothed.]
dawsoni, Owen, 1862, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 18, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
longidentatum, Dawson, 1876, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, vol. 12, Coal Meas. [Sig.
long-toothed.]
Hylonomus, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 16. [Ety. hyle, wood; nomos,
an abode ; forest dweller.]
aciedentatus, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 16, Coal Meas. [Sig.
needle-toothed, sharp-toothed.]
lyelli, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 16, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
hymani, Dawson, 1860, Quar. Jour. Geo.
" Soc, vol. 16, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Hyphasma, Cope, 1875, Proc Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. hyphasma, a web.]
laevis, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Coal
Meas. [Sig. smooth.]
Leptophractus, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. [Ety. teptos, stripped ;
pliraktos, defence.]
obsoletus, Cope, 1873, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. obsolete.]
Molgophis, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. [Ety. molgos, a skin; aphis, a
serpent.]
brevicostatus, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol.
2, Coal Meas. [Sig. short-ribbed.]
macrurus, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. long-tailed.]
wheatleyi, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Oestocephalus, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. oistos, an arrow ;
kephale, the head.]
amphiuminus, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Ety. from re
semblance to Amphiuma.]
pectinatus, see Ptyonius pectinatus.
rectidens, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. straight
toothed.]
remex, Cope, 1868, (Sauropleura remex)
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
an oarsman, a rower.]
rinchdlanns, see Ptyonius vinchellanus.
Ornithiciinites, Hitchcock, 1832, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts. [Ety. . omithos, a bird ;
ichnos, a foot step.]
culbertsoni, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol.48,Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
gallinuloides, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. similar to a
pullet.]
Pelion, Wynian, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil. [Ety. proper name.]
lyelli, Wyman, 1858, (Baniceps lyelli)
Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
Phlegethontia, Cope, 1871, Proc Am. Phil.
Soc. [Ety. phlegetho, to scorch, to
burn.]
linearis, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. lined.]
serpens, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. a serpent.]
Pleuroptyx, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2.
[Ety. pleura, a rib; ptyx, a fold, a wing.]
clavatus, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. club-shaped.]
Ptyonius, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc
[Ety. ptyon, a fan.]
marshi, Cope, 1875, (Colosteus marshii)
Ohio Pal., vol. 2, Coal Meas. * [Ety.
proper name.]
nummifer, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. coin-bearing.]
pectinatus, Cope, 1868, (Sauropleura pec-
tinata) Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Sig. pectinated, toothed like
a comb.]
serrula, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. a saw.]
vinchellanus, Cope, 1871, {Oestocephalus
vinchellanus) Proc. Am. Phil. Soc,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Pygopterus, Agassiz, 1833, Recherch. Poiss.
Foss.
scutellatus, see Colosteus scutellatus.
lianice])s, Wyman, 1858, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts. [Sig. frog-headed.] Name was
preoccupied.
lyellii, see Pelion lyelli.
Sauropleura, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil. [Ety. sauros, a lizard ; pleura,
a rib.]
digitata, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. having fingers
or toes.]
newberryi, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
pectinata, see Ptyonius pectinatus.
remex, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. a rower.]
Sauropus, Lea, 1849, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc,
vol. 10. [Ety. sauros, a lizard; pons,
a foot.]
primsevus, Lea, 1849, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 10, Coal Meas. [Sig. first.]
242
REPTILIA.
sydenensis, Dawson, 1868, Acad. Geol.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
unguifer, Dawson, 1872, Geo. Mag., vol.
9, Coal Meas. [Sig. claw-bearing;
from the peculiar appendages to the
hind foot.]
Spheropezium, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 48. [Ety. sphaira, sphere ; pezia,
sole of the foot.]
leptodactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender-
fingered or slender-toed.]
ovoidactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci.,
vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. having egg-
shaped toes.]
pachydactvlum, King, 1845, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. thick-
toed.]
thserodactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. hinge-
toed.)
Thenaropus, King, 1846, Am. Jour. Sci., vol.
48. [Ety. thenaros, palm of the hand ;
pous, foot.]
heterodactvlus, King, 1845, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig. irreg-
ular-toed.]
leptodactylus, King, 1846, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
slender-toed.]
ovoidactylus, King, 1846, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig.
ovoid-toed.]
pachydactvlus, King, 1846, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig.
thick-toed.]
sphserodactylus, King, 1846, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 48, Coal Meas. [Sig.
spherical-toed.]
Thyrsidium, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2.
[Ety. thyrsos, light shaft.]
fasciculare, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. a small bundle.]
Tuditanus, Cope, 1871, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.
[Ety. proper name.]
brevirostris, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. short-beaked.]
huxleyi, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
longipes, Cope, 1874, (Sauropleura lon-
gipes) Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, Coal
Meas. [Sig. long-footed.]
mordax, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2,
Coal Meas. [Sig. given to biting.]
obtusus, Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Coal Meas. [Sig. obtuse.]
punctulatus, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. well
punctured.]
radiatus, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. radiating from
a point.]
ADDENDA
Prof. James Hall, of New York, has proposed new names for his species, that were
found preoccupied in the course of this work. Part of these new names were received
in time to fall in their proper places, others are added here.
Amplexus hamiltonise, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
intermittens, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. interrupted,
left at intervals.]
Bellerophon textilis, Hall, 1877, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. woven.] Proposed instead
of B. cancellatus, Hall, 1858, which
was preoccupied,
triliratus, Hall, 1877, Chemung Gr. [Sig.
three-lined.] Proposed instead of B.
tricarinatus, Hall, 1876, which was pre-
occupied.]
Bucania euomphaloides, Owen, 1862, Geo.
Sur. Ind. [Ety. from its resemblance
to an Euomphalus.'] Not very satis-
factorily defined.
•profunda, Hall, 1859, is the same as B.
(Euomphalus) profunda, Conrad, 1841.
Ch.etetes fruticosus, Hall, 1876, Illust. De-
vonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. bushy.]
furcatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. forked.]
humilis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. small.]
tabulatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. tabulated.]
tenuis, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Conularia crawfordsvillensis, Owen, 1862,
Geo. Sur. Ind., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Cyathophyllum conatum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. an
effort.]
galerum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a cap.]
gradatum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. made with
steps.]
nanum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a dwarf.]
nepos, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham* Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
palum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a stake.]
perlamellosum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devo-
nian Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing many lamellae]
robustum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. robust.]
subcaespitosum, Meek, 1872, Hayden's
Geo. Rep., Low. Carb. [Ety. from
a resemblance to C. caespitomm.]
validum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. stout.]
Cyclonema obsolescens, Hall, 1877, Che-
mung Gr. [Sig. grown old.] Pro-
posed instead of C. obsolete,, Hall, 1876,
which was preoccupied.
Cyrtoceras hallanum, D'Orbigny, 1850,
Prodrome de Pal., Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] Proposed instead of
C. lamellosum, Hall, 1847, which was
preoccupied.]
olenus, Hall, 1877, Schoharie grit. [Ety.
mythological name.] Proposed in-
stead of C. orion, Hall, 1876, which
was preoccupied.]
subannulatum, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr.
de Pal., Black Riv. & Trenton Gr.
[Sig. somewhat annulated.] Proposed
instead of C. annulatum, Hall, 1847,
which was preoccupied.
subarcuatum, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr.
de Pal., Trenton Gr. [Sig. somewhat
arched.] Proposed instead of C. ar-
cuatum, Hall, 1847, which was pre-
occupied.
subcancellatum, Hall, 1877, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. somewhat cancellated.] Pro-
posed instead of C. cancellatum, Hall,
1852, which was preoccupied.
tenuistriatum, Hall, 1877, Trenton Gr.
[Sig. finely lined.] Proposed instead
of C. corniculum, Hall, 1862, which
was preoccupied.
Cystiphyllum conifollis, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. an
inflated cone.]
corrugatum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. corrugated.]
244
ADDENDA.
varians, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. variable.]
Dentalium sublseve, Hall, 1877, Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat smooth.] Proposed
instead of D. obsoletum, Hall, 1858,
which was preoccupied.
Discina saffordi, Winchell, 1869, Geo. Tenn.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Eodon, Hall, 1877. Proposed instead of
Microdon, Conrad, which was preoc-
cupied. [Ety. eos, beginning; odous, a
tooth ; from "the rudimentary teeth.]
bellistriatus, Conrad, 1842, (Microdon
bellistriata) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol.
8, Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautifully lined.]
complanatus, Hall, 1870, (Microdon com-
planatus) Prelim. Notice Lam. shells,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. smoothed.]
gregarius, Hall, 1870, (Microdon gre-
garia) Prelim. Notice Lam. shells,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. gregarious.]
reservatus, Hall, 1870, (Microdon reser-
vatus) Prelim. Notice Lam. shells,
Waverly Gr. [Sig. reserved.]
tenuistriatus, Hall, 1870, (Microdon ten-
uistriata) Prelim. Notice Lam. shells,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. finely lined.]
Euomphalus decollatus, Hall, 1877, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. decollated, behead-
ed.] Proposed instead of E. disjunctus,
Hall, 1859, which was preoccupied.
hecale, Hall, 1876, is the same species
described by Hall, 1843, as E. dqpres-
ms, which was preoccupied.
Eusarcus, Grote & Pitt, 1876, Buff. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 3. [Ety. eusarkos, fleshy.]
This belongs to the family Eurlpteridx.
scorpionis, Grote & Pitt, 1876, Buff. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Waterlime Gr. [Sig. a scor-
pion.]
Favosites arbuscula, Hall, 1876, Illust. De-
vonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
argus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian Foss.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
emmonsi, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
epidermatus var. biloculi, Hall, 1876,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. having a double receptacle.]
epidermatus var. corticosus, Hall, 1876,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. covered with a crust.]
explanatus, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. spread out.]
hamiltoniae, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hemisphericus var. distortus, Hall, 1876,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. distorted.]
hemisphericus var. rectus, Hall, 187 6,
Illust. Devonian Foss., Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. straight.]
Graptolithus subtenuis, Hall, 1877, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat slender.]
Proposed instead of G. tenuis, Hall,
which was preoccupied.
Gyroceras rhombolineare, Owen, 1862,
Geo. Sur. Indiana. [Sig. from the
rhomb-like markings.]
Halysites sexto-attenuatus, Owen, 1862,
Geo. Sur. Indiana, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
having six contracted places.]
Heliophyllum arachne, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.]
confluens, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. confluent,
running together.]
degener, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. degenerated.]
halli var. reflexum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig.
reflexed.]
halli var. obconicum, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. in-
versely conical.]
irregulare, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
proliferum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian
Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. prolific]
Lingula perplexa, Hall, 1877, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. perplexing.] Proposed instead
of L. elliptica, Hall, 1843, which was
preoccupied.
Loxonema emaceratum, Hall, 1877, Low.
Held. Gr. [Sig. thin, emacerated.]
Proposed instead of L: attenuatum,
Hall, 1859, which seems to have been
preoccupied by Stevens, 1858, under
the name Chemnitzia attenuata.
semicostata, Meek, is a syn. for L. (Chem-
nitzia) attenuata of Stevens.
Macrocheilus attenuatum, Hall, 1877,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. attenuated.] Pro-
posed instead of M. fusiforme, Hall,
1858, which was preoccupied.
Michelinia dividua, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devo-
nian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. divisible.]
stylopora, Eaton, 1832, (Astrea stvlopora)
Geo. Text Book, Ham. Gr. [Sig. hav-
ing pointed cells.]
Murchisonia decurta, Hall, 1877, Chazy Gr.
[Sig. cut off.] Proposed instead of
M. abbreviata, Hall, 1847, which was
preoccupied.
micula, Hall, 1877, Ham. Gr. [Sig. a
little crumb.] Proposed instead of
3/. tarricula, Hall, 1862, which was
preoccupied.
milleri, Hall, 1877, Trenton & Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety. proper name.] Proposed in-
stead of M. bieincta, Hall, 1S47, which
was preoccupied.
Ortiioceras clintoni, Hall, 1877, Chazy Gr.
[Ety. proper name.] Proposed instead
of 0. subarcuatum, Hall, 1847, which
was preoccupied.
desideratum, Hall, 1877, Low. Held. Gr.
[Sig. to be desired.] Proposed instead
of O. davatum, Hall, 1859, which was
preoccupied.
ADDENDA.
hallanum, S. A. Miller, 1877, Cin'ti Gr.
[Ety . proper name. ] Proposed instead
of 0. halli, in Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci.,
which was preoccupied by Barrande.
olorus, Hall, 1877, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.] Proposed instead
of 0. vertebrate, Hall, 1847, which was
preoccupied.
orus, Hall, 1877, Niagara Gr. [Ety. my-
thological name.] Proposed instead
of 0. columnare, Hall, 1860, which was
preoccupied.
socialis, Hall, 1877, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
social.] Proposed instead of 0. gre-
'garium, Hall, 1861, which was pre-
occupied.
stylus, Hall, 1877, Schoharie grit. [Sig.
" an upright pointed body.] Proposed
instead of 0. baculwn, Hall, 1862, which
was preoccupied.
subcancellatum, Hall, 1877, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. somewhat cancellated.] Pro-
posed instead of 0. caneellatum, Hall,
1852, which was preoccupied.
sublaeve, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodrome de
Pal., Onondaga Gr. [Sig. somewhat
smooth.] Proposed instead of 0. Ueve,
Hall, 1843, which was preoccupied.
Phillipsia tennesseensis, Winchell, 1869,
Geo. of Tenn., Low. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.
Platyceras pabulocrinus, Owen, 1862, (Pile-
opsis pabulocrinus) Geo. Sur. Indiana,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. from an erroneous
idea that the species subsisted on the
crinoid.]
Phitystoma lineatum, Hall, is identical with
P. lineatum Conrad.
Plkurotomaria subglobosa, Hall, 1877,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. somewhat globose.]
Proposed instead of P. rotundata,
Hall, 1858, which was preoccupied.
nodulma, Hall, 1847, is probably a poor
specimen of Trochonema umbilicata.
tenuimarginata, Hall, 1877, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. slender-margined.] Proposed
instead of P. concava, Hall, 1858,
which was preoccupied.
Polyphemopsis teretiformis, Hall, 1877, War-
saw Gr. [Sig. of a long round-shape.]
Proposed instead of P. elxmgata, Hall,
1858, which was preoccupied.
Productus incurvatus, Shepard, 1838, Am.
Jour. Sci., vol. 34, Coal Meas. [Sig.
from the incurved basal margin.]
pectenoideus, Shepard, 1838, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 34, Coal Meas. [Sig. like a
shell of the genus Pecten.]
semipunctatus, Shepard, 1858, Am. Jour.
Sci., vol. 34, Coal Meas. [Sig. half-
punctated.]
Quenstedtia, a genus, on page 60, was pre-
occupied in the Class Lamellibran-
chiata, by Morris & Lycett, in 1853.
Streptelasma ungula, Hall, 1876, Illust.
Devonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. a
hoof.]
profundum, Hall, is probably identical
with S. (Cyathophyllum) profundum,
Conrad.
Striatopora limbata, Eaton, 1832, (Madre-
pora limbata) Geo. Text Book, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. bordered.]
Terebratula argentea, see Athyris argentea.
Trematopora spiculata, Hall, 1877, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. having little points.] Pro-
posed instead of T. spinidosa, Hall,
1876, which was preoccupied.
Zaphrentis ampla, Hall, 1876, Illust. De-
vonian Foss., Ham. Gr. [Sig. full,
large.]
cannonensis, Winchell, 1869, Geo. Tenn.,
Low. Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
eccentrica, Meek, 1871, Hayden's Geo.
Rep., Low. Carb. [Sig eccentric,
from the center.]
halli, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Polyp.
Foss. Terr. Palseoz., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
COKKIGKENDA.
In addition to the facilities offered in the Preface, in the article of Prof. Claypole,
and in the Index of Genera for correcting specific names, the following corrections are
deemed worthy of notice :
Read horny fracture for corny fracture, on page 13.
Read opusculum for opusculus, on page 67.
Read pistillum for pistillus, on page 72.
Read rhombiferus for rhombiferous, on page 85.
Read remus for remos, on page 85.
Read varsoviensis for varsouviensis, on page 86.
Read pumilus for pumilis, on page 87.
Read differens for differentis, on page 104.
AMERICAN
PALAEOZOIC FOSSILS
A CATALOGUE
OF THE
GENERA AND SPECIES,
NAMES OF AUTHOBS, DATES, PLA0E8 OF PUBLICATION, GEOUPS OF BOOKS IN WHICH.
FOUND AND THE ETYMOLOGY AND SIGNIFICATION OF THE WOBDS,
AN INTRODUCTION
DEVOTED TO THE STBATIGEAPHICAL GEOLOGY OF THE PAL2E0Z0IC BOCKS.
SECOND EDITION— JANUARY, 1883.
BY S. A. HUCILLEIR,.
CINCINNATI, OHIO:
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOE, No. 8 W. THIRD ST.
I88 3 .
Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1882, by
S. A. MILLER,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
The first edition of this work was published by the author in 1877. No
work of the kind had ever appeared, and no encouragement for the undertaking
had been received. The author had confidence in its value to science, and
published it himself. This condition of affairs is well expressed by the
distinguished Prof. Leo. Lesquereux, in a letter addressed to the author, while
the work was in press, on the 28th of March, 1877. He said:
" Your kind favor of the 25th, and the page of prospectus of your cata-
logue are received. You will please allow me to say freely, that when I re-
ceived your first letter advising me of the preparation or publication of a
catalogue of the American Palaeozoic Fossils, I did not think much of a work
of the kind, for the reason that I knew by experience what amount of time and
research would be necessary for the preparation of such a work as the one you
were about to publish, and could not suppose that in this country, where
science is so generally considered under a remunerative point of view, there
was a naturalist disposed to make the researches you have so well done for
mere love of science. But after the perusal of your first proof sheets, my
opinion was fully reversed, and I recognized immediately the great value of
your catalogue, the assistance which it will afford to all the palaeontologists,
and the accuracy with which you have pursued the immense amount of re-
searches necessitated for its preparation. For what concerns myself person-
ally, I thank you sincerely tor this production, and I am certain that every
palaeontologist will do the same."
After he had received a copy of the work, he again wrote as follows :
" I am sincerely glad to have the whole catalogue, though I have also good
use of the separate copy of the botanical part, which, bound with intermixed
blank leaves, serves me as a very commodious referendum, especially for new
American species of coal plants. Your excellent, most useful catalogue, in its
fullness receives a degres of interest from the Introductory remarks, those on
the construction of systematic names, and the Geological introduction. The
work is, indeed, one of devotion to science. It may not bring you pecuniary
reward, but you will have the satisfaction to know that it has helped many,
and been of great use, or will be hereafter, for the advancement of palaeonto-
logical science. For, indeed, it is a true dictionary, and should be in the hands
of every American geologist."
No testimonials of the value of the work .were ever solicited, but they
came, nevertheless, from all parts' of this country. and from abroad. Only a
few more will be selected. Prof. James. Hall, of New York, wrote:
" You have done a valuable work, for which the thanks of every describer
PKEFACE.
of fossils are due; indeed, I do not recall the publication of a single book within
the past twenty years so necessary and useful to the geologist and palaeontolo-
gist."
Prof. John H. Klippart, of Columbus, Ohio :
"I like the work very much. It is just such a work as I have long since
very much needed. It will prove to the student of fossils what Webster's un-
abridged proves to the scholar — that it is simply indispensable. There is no
work to take its place, or that can be substituted for it."
Prof. G. C. Broadhead, of Missouri :
" I find it a useful book for a student of palaeontology, and it supplies a
necessity which experience has demanded."
Prof. Henry G. Hanks, of California :
"I am very much pleased with the work. It is just what I want."
Prof. R. H. Holbrook, of New Jersey :
"I consider it a valuable work worth many times the price."
Rev. J. Allen, President Alfred University, Pa. :
"We find your book a very valuable production — a great aid."
Prof. J. W. Dawson, of Montreal:
" I have found the book very useful, and hope you will follow it up with
supplements as new species are described."
Prof. G. Lindstrom, of Stockholm, Sweden :
"I bought your excellent catalogue of the North American Palaeozoic
Fossils, for use in the Museum, and I dare say that scarcely a day passes by
without my consulting it."
The notices this book has received in scientific periodicals have been no less
flattering, as will be observed in the Annals and Magazine of Natural
History, 1878, 5th ser., vol. i., p. 99, and the Geological Magazine of London,
for October 1877, p. 472.
Under these circumstances, I have been induced to prepare a supplement,
for the unbound copies remaining on hand, and to publish it in this form for
a second edition. The supplement contains the genera and species de-
scribed since 1877, those that were overlooked in the first edition, corrected
references of species to genera, corrections of the more serious mistakes and
typographical errors, and a new index of the genera. The Vegetable Kingdom
is arranged in orders and classes, the Class Echinodermata is re-subdivided,
some new orders and new families are briefly defined, and a few specific names
have been proposed by the author for those preoccupied, which constitute the
new features of the supplement. In addition to the corrections, the fossils
described in the 23d and 24th Reports of the Reg. of the Univ. of N. Y., on the
condition of the St. Cab. of Nat. Hist., should be accredited to Hall and
Whitfield, instead of to Hall alone, and the Cincinnati Group should, in all
Cases, be stricken out, and, in nearly every instance, the Hud. Riv. Gr. inserted,
a few species only being referable to the Trenton and Utica Slate.
S. A. MILLER.
Cincinnati, Ohio, December, 1882.
SUPPLEMENT.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
In the first edition of this work, no attempt was made to arrange the fossils of the
vegetable kingdom, represented in the palaeozoic rocks, into classes, orders, or families,
for reasons then expressed; since that time, however, the work of Leo Lesquereux on
the coal flora of Pennsylvania has rendered possible a classification which will be of
some utility, though only approximately correct.
CELLULAR CRYPTOGAMOUS PLANTS.
CLASS FUXGL— Rhizomorpha.
CLASS THALASSOPHYTES — Arthraria, Arthrophycus, Asterophycus, Blastophy-
cus, Buthotrephis, Calamophycus, Chondrites, Conostichus, Cruziana, Dactylb-
phycus, Diseophycus, Dystactophycus, Eophyton, Heliophycus, Hippodophycus,
Iehnophyeus, Licrophyeus, Palaeochorda, Pabeophycus, Phytopsis, Protostigma,
Rusophycus, Sphenothallus, Taonurus, Trichophyeus.
VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMOUS PLANTS.
CLASS EQUISETACE^E. — Anarthrocanna, Annularia, Arthrostigma, Asterophyl-
lites, Beehera, Bornia, Calamites, Calamodendron, Calamocladus, Calainostachys,
Equisetitt's. Macrostachya, Nematophvllum, Solenoula, Sphenophyllum.
CLASS FILICACE^E (ferns).
ORDER NEUROPTERIDS. — Danaeites, Dictyopteris, Idiophyllum, Lesleya, Lon-
chopteris, Megalopteris, Neriopteris, Neuropteris, Odontopteris, Orthogoniopteris,
Tseniopteris.
ORDER ALETHOPTERIDS. — Alethopteris, Callipteris, Callipteridium, Lescurop-
teris, Protobleehnum.
ORDER PSEUDOPECOPTERIDS.— Pseudopecopteris.
ORDER PECOPTERIDS.— Asterocarpus, Cymoglossa, Goniopteris, Oligocarpia, Pe-
copteris.
ORDER SPIIENOPTERIDS.— Asplenites, Eremopteris, Sphenopteris.
ORDER ADIANTITES. — Aneimites, Arclueopteris, Cyclopteris, Triphyllopteris.
PERNS OF UNCERTAIN AFFINITY.— Crematopteris, Hymenophyllites, Pachyp-
teris, Rhacophvlhun.
BACHIS OF FERN^S.— Rhaehiopteris.
RHIZOMAS OF FERNS.— Rhizomopteris, Stigmarioides.
SEPARATE FRUCTIFICATIONS OF FERNS.— Sorocladus.
STEMS OR TRUNKS OF FERNS.— Caulopteris, Megaphytum, Psaronius, Stemma-
topteris.
CLASS LYCOPODIACE.E.— Arthrostigma, Cyclostigma, Dechenia, Diplostegium,
Glyptodendron, Halonia, Knorria, Lepidocystis, Lepidodendron, Lepidophloios,
Lepidophyllum, Lepidostrobus, Leptophloeum, Lycopodites, Psilophyton,
Polyporites, Sporocvstis, Sternbergia, telodendron.
ORDER T^ENIOPHYLLE^.— Taiiiophvllum.
ORDER SIGILLARUE.— Didymophyllum, Pinnularia, Rhizolithes, Sigillaria, Sigil-
larioides, Sthrmaria, Syringodendron,
ORDER NOEGGE R ATII I M .— Nu'ggerathia, Whittleseya.
(LASS CORDAITEJE. — Antholithes, Cardiooarpon, Carpolithes, Cordaianthus, Cordai-
earpue, Cordaites, Cordaistrobus, Desmiophyllum, Dicranophyllum, Guilielmites.
Lepidoxylon, Rhabdocarpus, Trigonocarpum.
(ONIFER^E (?) — Araucarites, Baiera, Dadoxylon, Nematoxylon, Ormoxylon, Proto-
taxites, Saportaea, Svringoxvlon, Walchia.
PLANTS OF UNCERTAIN AFFINITY. — Aranthophyton, Asteropteris, Cellu-
loxylon, Palseoxyrirf, Spirangium, Sporangites.
248
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Alethopteris acuta is Pecopteris acuta,
ambigua, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. uncertain.]
aquilina was first called Filicites aquilinus
by Schlotheim in his Flor. d. Vorw.
crenulata, as identified by Lesquereux, in
the Geo. Sur., 111., vol. 2, is now de-
' scribed as Pseudopecopteris sub-
crenulata.
cristata is Pecopteris cristata.
distans is a variety of A. lonchitica.
emarginata is, Pecopteris emarginata.
erosa is Pecopteris erosa.
gibsoni, Lesquereux, 1S80, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
halli is Pecopteris halli.
helense, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Floi*a of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
holdeni is Protoblechnum holdeni.
hymenophylloides is Pseudopecopteris
hy menophy lloide s .
inflata is Callipteridium inflatum.
lanceolata is Pecopteris lanceolata.
lonchitica instead of A. lonchitidis.
longifolia is Pecopteris longifolia.
• macrophylla is Danseites macrophyllus.
massillonis is Callipteridium massillon-
eum.
mazonana is Pseudopecopteris mazonana.
muricata is Pseudopecopteris muricata.
nervosa is Pseudopecopteris nervosa.
obscura, syn. for Callipteridium rugosum.
oweni is Callipteridium oweni.
pluckeneti is Pseudopecopteris pluck-
eneti.
pteroides is Pecopteris pteroides.
rugosa is Callipteridium rugosum.
serrula is Pecopteris serrula.
solida is Pecopteris solida.
stellata is Pecopteris stellata.
tceniopteroides is Pecopteris tseniopter-
oides.
virginiana, Fontaine and White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
Annularia was described by Sternberg, in
1820, Essai d'un expose Geognostico-
botanique de la flore du monde
primitif, 2d cahier.
acuminata is Sporangites acuminatus.
dawsoni is Asterophyllites dawsoni.
emersoni, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
romingeri, Lesquereux, 1877, Trans.
Am. Phil. Soc.,Low. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Antholithes priscus was described in 1873,
in Ohio Pal., vol. 1.
Aphlebia adnascens, see Rhacophyllum
adnascens.
flabellata, see Rhacophyllum flabellatum.
irregularis, see Rhacophyllum irregulare.
Arch^eopteris bockschiana, Lesquereux,
1858 (Nceggerathia bockschiana), Geo.
of Penn., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
. proper name.]
gaspensis, Dawson, 1881, Can. Nat. &
Geo., vol. 10, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
Arch^eopteris hallana instead of Cyclop-
teris hallana.
hybernica, Forbes, 1852 (Cyclopteris
hybernica), Proc. Brit. Assoc,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
jacksoni instead of Cyclopteris jacksoni.
minor instead of Nceggerathia minor.
obliqua instead of Noeggerathia obliqua.
rogersi instead of Cyclopteris rogersi.
Aristophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal., No. 2. [Ety. aristos,
excellent; phukos, a sea plant.] Prob-
ably inorganic.
ramosum, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to
Pal., No. 2, Hud. Puv. Gr. [Sig.
branchy.] Probably inorganic.
ramosum var. germanum, Miller & Dver,
1878, Cont. to Pal., No. 2, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. near of kin.] Probably
inorganic.
Asolanus, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. This genus is not recognized by
botanists, and is generally regarded as
a synonym for Sigillaria. A. campto-
tcenia, is classed by Lesquereux as a
synonym for Sigillaria monostigma,
and the other two names mentioned
by Wood, A. manephleeus, and A.
ornithicnoides, are referred to Sigill-
aria.
Asterophycus simplex, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
simple.]
Asterophyllites anthracinus, Heer, 1877,
Fl. Foss. Helv., vol. 4, Coal Meas.
[Sig. coal black.]
aperta, syn. for Macrostachya infundibu-
liformis.
equisetiformis was called by Schlotheim,
Casnarinites equisetiformis, in 1804.
fasciculatus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
bundled.]
lanceolatus syn. for A. foliosus.
latifolius should be restored.
longifolius was called Bruckmannia
longifolia, by Sternberg, in Tent,
flor. prim.
radiatus, Brongniart, 1822, Class, d. Veg.
Foss. Coal Meas. [Sig. rayed.]
rigidus was called Bruckmannia rigida,
by Sternberg, in Tent. flor. prim.
Asteropteris, Dawson, 1881, Lond. Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 37. [Ety. aster,
a star ; pteris, a fern.]
novoboracensis, Dawson, 1881, Lond.
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 37, Port-
age Gr. [Ety. proper name]
Baiera, Fr. Braun, 1840, Die Petrefakten
d. Naturalien Samml. [Ety. proper
name.]
virginiana, Fontaine and White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
Bergeria rhombica, see Lepidodendron
rhombicum.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Blastophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1. [Ety.
t>last08, a bud; pJmkos, a sea weed.]
diadematum, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Utiea
Slate Gr. [Sig. diademed.]
Bokxia, F. A. Roemer, 1854, Palseonto-
graphica, vol. 3. [Ety. proper name.]
radiata, Brongniart, 1828 (Catamites ra-
diatus), Hist. d. Veg. Foss., Sub-car-
boniferous. [Sig. radiated.]
Brachyphyllum obtuaum is Lepidocystis
obtusus.
Bruckmannia longifolia, see Asterophyl-
lites longifolius.
rigida, see Asteropbyllites rigidus.
Buthotrephis asteroides, Fitch, 1849,
Trans. Ag. Soc, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
star like.]
rigida, Emmons, 1844 (Fucoides rigidus)
Taconic Syst., Quebec Gr. [Sig.
rigid.]
Calamites ari'naceus is a Triassic species.
decoratu8 may be erased,
dubius, was published in 1825.
major, Weiss, 1872, Fossil Flora d. jung-
sten steinkohlen formation, Coal
Meas. [Sig. large.]
radiatus, see Bornia radiata.
ramifer, Stur, 1875, Culm. Flora d.
Mahriseh-SehlesischenDachsehiefers,
Coal Meas. [Sig. bearing brandies.]
ramosus, was published in 1825.
sulcatvs may be erased,
transitionisis Goeppert's species, as iden-
tified by Dawson,
undulatus was described by Brongniart
in 1828, in Hist. d. Yeg. Fobs., vol. 1.
Calamodexdrox is Brongniart's Genus.
Calamophycus, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc. [Ety. calamus, a reed;
phukos, a sea plant.]
septus, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Devon. [Sig. enveloped.]
Calamostachys, Schimper, 1869, Traite de
Paleontologie Vege tale, vol. 1, p. 328.
• [Ety. Calamus, a reed; Stachys, a plant].
prselongus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. very long.]
Callipteridium, Weiss, 1872, Foss. Flora
d. jungsten steinkohlen formation.
[Ety. from the genus (.'alh'i>t<'ris.]
aldrichi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name]
dawsonanum, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
grandifolium, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. large leaved.]
intlatum, Lesquereux, 1870 (Alethopteris
inflate), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 4. Coal
Mens. [Sig. inflated.]
ina-quale, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. unequal.]
mansfieldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name]
Callipteridium massilloneum instead of
Alethopteris massillonis.
membranaceum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. mem-
branaceous],
neuropteroides, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Neuropteris.]
oblongifolium, Fontaine & White, Perm,
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Perm. [Sig. oblong leaved.]
odontopteroides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Perm. [Sig. like Odontoptcris.]
oweni instead of Alethopteris oweni.
pardeei, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
rugosum instead of Alethopteris ru-
gosa.
sullivanti instead of Callipteris Sulli-
van ti.
unitum, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm,
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. united.]
Callipteris conferta, Sternberg (Sphen-
opteris conferta), Tent. fior. prim.,
Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig. close
together.]
pilosa instead of Sphenopteris pilosa.
Cardiocarpon annulatum, C. elongatum,
C. latum, C. minus, C. orbiculare,
and C. samaraeforme, were described
in 1873, in Ohio Pal., vol. 1.
apieulatum, Goeppert & Berger, 1848,
De fructibus et seminibus, Coal
Meas. [Sig. having a pointed ter-
mination.]
bicornutum instead of Pilocarpus bicor-
nutus.
congruens, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore Car-
bonifere, Coal Meas. [Sig. running
together.]
diminutivum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig,
diminutive.]
fasciculatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. bundled.]
late-alatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. broad
winged.]
mamillatum instead of Rhabdoearpus
maniillatus.
marginatum was described in 1825.
ovatum, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore Car-
bonifere, Coal Meas. [Sig. ovate.]
pachytesta, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. f Sig. having thick
testa.]
regulare, Sternberg, 1821-38, Flor. d.
Vorwelt., Coal Meas. [Sig. regular.]
simplex, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. simple]
zonulatum, Lesquereux. 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa.. Coal Meas. [Sig. small girded.]
Cardiopteris, Schimper, 1809, Traite de
Paleontologie Vegetale, vol. 1. p. 451.
[Ety. Jcardia, heart; pteris, a fern.]
250
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Cardiopteris eriana, Dawson, 1881, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 37, De-
vonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Carpolithes acuminatus, Sternberg, 1821-
38, Flor d. Vorw., Coal Meas. [Sig.
pointed.]
bicarpus, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. two fruited.]
bullatus is Lepidocystis bullatus.
disjunctus is a syn. for Trigonacarpon
dawesi.
jacksonensis is Rhabdocarpus jacksonen-
sis.
limatus, read C. lunatus.
marginatus, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. margined. This
name was preoccupied by Artis in
1825.
vesicularis is Lepidocystis vesicularis.
Casuarinites equisetiformis is Astero-
phyllites equisetiformis.
Caulerpites was described by 3rongniart in
1828, Prodr. d. Hist. d. Veg. Foss.
marginatus is Taonurus marginatus.
Caulopteris acanthophora is, probably, Ulo-
dendron punctatum.
elliptica, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora. Coal Meas. or
Perm. [Sig. elliptical.]
giffordi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
gigantea, Lesquereux, is Stemmatopteris
gigantea.
gigantea, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. large.]
insignia is Stemmatopteris insignis.
lacoei, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
mansfieldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name. J
punctata is Stemmatopteris punctata.
wortheni is Stemmatopteris wortheni.
Celluloxylon, Dawson, 1881; Lond. Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 37. [Ety. cell-
ula, a small apartment; xylon, wood.]
primaevum, Dawson, 1880, Lond. Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 37, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. in the first period of life]
Chloepthycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal. No. 2. [Ety. chlce, young
grass ; phukos, a sea plant.] This
is probably inorganic.
plumosum, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to
Pal., No. 2, Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Sig.
feathered.] This is probably inor-
ganic.
Chondrites colletti is Taonurus colletti.
CoNOSTiCHUSbroadheadi, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
prolifer, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. bearing off-
spring.]
Cordaianthx's, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore
Carbonifere. [Ety. Cordaites, a genus ;
anthos, a flower.]
dichotomus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. di-
vided.]
ovatus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. ovate]
simplex, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. simple.]
Cordaicarpus, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore
Carbonifere. [Ety. Cordaites, a genus;
karpos, fruit.]
apiculatus, Lesquereux, 18S0, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. pointed.]
costatus, see Cordaites costatus.
gutbieri, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore Car-
bonifere, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
ovatus, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore Car-
bonifere, Coal Meas. [Sig. ovate.]
Cordaistrobus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa. [Ety. Cordaites, a genus;
strobus, a cone.]
grandeuryi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. prop, name.]
Cordaites communis, Lesquereux, 1878,
Proc Am. Phil. Soc, Coal Meas.
[Sig. common.]
costatus, Lesquereux, 1879, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. costate.]
crassinervis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Mens.
or Permian. [Sig. thick nerved.]
crassus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. thick.]
diversifolius, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. di-
verse leaved.] Proposed instead of L.
angustifolius, Lesquereux.
gracilis, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
grandifolius, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig.
grand leaved.]
lacoei, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
lingulatus, Grand'Eury, 1877, Flore
Carbonifere, Coal Meas. [Sig. tongue
shaped.]
mansfieldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of I'a., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
radiatus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. radiated.]
serpens, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc
Am. Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig.
creeping.]
validus, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig. strong.]
Cyclopteris alleghaniensis, syn. for Arch-
seopteris rogersi.
browni is Rhacophyllum browni.
elongata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. elongated.]
germari is Neuropteris germari.
hallana is Arehreopteris hallana.
jacksoni is Arehax>pteris jacksoni.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
251
Cyclopteris laciniata is Neuropteris laci-
niata.
lescuriana is Triphyllopteris leseuriana.
probleinatica, Dawson, 1871, Foss.
Plants, Dev. & Up. 811., Middle
Devonian. [Sig. problematical.]
rogersi is Archa?opteris rogersi.
trichomanoides is Neuropteris triehoman-
oides.
oirginiana is Pseudopeeopteris vii'giniana.
Ctclostigma aftine, Dawson, 1881, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc., Lond., vol. 37, De-
vonian. [Sig. near to.]
kiltorkense, Haughton, 1860, Ann. &
Mae. Nat. Hist., 3d ser., vol. 5, Sub-
carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
< ymoglossa, Sehimper, 1869, Traite de
Paleontologie Vegetale, vol. l,p. 553.
[Ety. kumo, wavy: glossa, a tongue.]
breviloba, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm. & Up. Garb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. short lobed.]
formosa, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
& Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. beautiful.]
lobata, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
A: Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. lobed.]
• obtusifolia, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm. & Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. obtuse leaved.]
Dactylophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878,
Cont. to Pal., No. 2. [Ety. dactylos,
a finger; phukos, a sea plant.]
quadripartitum, Miller & Dyer, 1878,
Cont. to Pal., Xo. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. four parted.]
tridigitatuiu, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal., No. 2, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
three fingered.]
Dax.eites emersoni, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
macrophyllus instead of Alethopteris
macrophylla.
Deciiexia, Goeppert, 1841-48, Die Gattun-
gen der fossilen Pflanzen. [Ety.
proper name.]
striata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig striated.]
Obsmiophtllvu, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa. [Etv. desmos, a band;
phylUm, a leaf.]
gracile, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. slender.]
Dicraxophyliam, Grand'Eury, 1877,
Flore Carbonifere. [Ety. dikranOs,
two pointed; phyllon, a leaf.]
dichotomum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. divided.]
dimorphum, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc, Coal Meas. [Sig.
double formed. ]
Dtctyophyton is not a plant. It is sup-
posed to be a sponge.
Didymophyeixm oweni, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa.. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name. J
Discophycus, Walcott, 1879, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 10. [Ety. diskos, a disk;
phukos, a sea weed.]
typieale, Walcott, 1879, Trans. Alb. Inst.
vol. 10, Utica Slate. [Sig. the type.]
Dystactophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878,
Cont. to Pal., No. 2. [Ety. dystaktos,
hard to arrimge; phukos, a sea plant.]
mamillanum, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal., No. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
protuberant.]
Equisetites macrodontus, Wood, 1860,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. Not
satisfactorily defined,
wrightanus, Dawson, 1880, Lond. Geo.
Mag., n. s. vol. 7, Up. Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
Eremopteris crenulata, Lesquereux, 1876,
Geo. Rep. of Ala., Coal Meas. [Sig.
erenulated.]
dissecta, Lesquereux, 1876, Geo. Rep. of
Ala., Coal Meas. [Sig. cut up.]
elegans, Ettingshausen, 1852 (Asplenites
elegans), Die Steinkohlen flora, v.
Stradonitz in Bohmen, Coal Meas.
[Sig. elegant.]
flexuosa, Lesquereux, 1876, Geo. Rep.
of Ala., Coal Meas. r Sig. flexuous.]
microphylla, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
small leaved.]
missouriensis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Ficoidltes scabrosus, Hildreth, 1837, Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol. 31, Lower
Coal Meas. Not recognized.
Filicites arborescens, see Pecopteris ar-
borescens.
miltoni, see Pecopteris miltoni.
plumosus, see Pecopteris plumosa.
Glyptodexdron, Claypole, 1878, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, [Ety.
glyptos, sculptured; dendron, a tree.]
eatonense, Claypole, 1878, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ghniopterte newberryana, see Pecopteris
newberryana.
oblonga, see Pecopteris oblonga.
Guilielmites, Geinitz, 1858, Leitpflanzen
d. Rothleig. u. d. Zechstein ; Sachsen.
[Ety. from the genus GulMma.]
orbicularis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm. & Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. orbicular.]
Haloxia flexuosa, Goldenburg, 1855 (Ulo-
dendron flexuosum), Flora Sarrae-
pontana fossilis, Coal Meas. [Sig.
flexuous.]
mansfieldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
secreta, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. {Sig. concealed.]
tortuosa, Lindley & Hutton, 1835, Foss.
Flora, vol. 2, p. 11, Coal Meas.
[Sig. tortuous.]
252
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Heliophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont
to Pal., No. 2. [Ety. helios, the sun;
phukos, a sea plant.]
stelliforme, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal., No. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
star shaped.]
Hymenophyllites adnascens, refer to Rha-
cophyllum adnascens.
arborescens, refer to Rhacophyllum ar-
borescens.
ballantini, refer to Sphenopteris ballan-
tini.
clarki, refer to Rhacophyllum clarki.
fiexicaulis, refer to Sphenopteris fiexi-
caulis.
furcatus, refer to Sphenopteris furcata.
hildrethi, refer to Sphenopteris hildrethi.
inflatus, see Rhacophyllum inflatum.
lactuca, see Rhacophyllum lactuca.
mollis, see Rhacophyllum mollis.
spinosus, refer to Sphenopteris spinosa.
strongi, see Rhacophyllum strongi.
thalliformis, see Rhacophyllum thalli-
forme.
trichomanoides, refer to Sphenopteris
trichomanoides.
tridactylites, refer to Sphenopteris tri-
dactylites.
Idiophyixum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa. [Ety. idios, peculiar; phyllon,
a leaf.]
rotundifolium, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. round
leaved. ]
Lepidocystis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa. [Ety. lepis, a scale; kustis, a
bladder.]
angularis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. angular.]
bullatus instead of Carpolithes bullatus.
fraxiniformis, Goeppert & Berger, 1848
(Carpolithes fraxiniformis), De fruct.
et sem., Coal Meas. [Sig. like Frax-
inus.J
lineatus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. lined.]
obtusus instead of Brachyphyllum ob-
tusum.
pectinatus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Fa., Coal Meas. [Sig. pectinated.]
quadrangularis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. quad-
rangular.]
vesicularis instead of Carpolithes ves-
icularis.
Lepidodendron was described by Stern-
berg in' 1820, in Essai d'un expose
Geognostico-botanique de la flore du
monde primitif, 1st Cahier. Also L.
aeuleatum, L. crenatum, L. dichoto-
mum, L. obovatum, L. rimosum, L.
selaginoides and L. undulatum.
andrewsi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
alveolare, see Sigillaria alveolaris.
brittsi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name
Lepidodexdeon chilallce.um, syn. for L.
distans.
cuspidatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. point-
ed.]
cyclostigma, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. round
dotted.]
drepanaspis, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. sickle
shield.]
dubium, syn. for L. rimosum.
elegans, was Lycopodiolithes elegans of
Sternberg in Tent. Flor. Prim,
icthyolepis, Wood, 1S60, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. fish scale.]
inyens, syn. for L. aeuleatum.
lanceolatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. lan-
ceolated.]
latifolium, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. wide leaved.]
lesquereuxi, Wood, syn. forL. aeuleatum.
longifolium, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
long leaved.]
* magnum, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. large.]
mammillatum syn. for L. veltheimanum.
mekiston syn. for L. modulatum.
oculatum syn. for L. distans.
oweni syn. for L. vestitum.
politum syn. for L. modulatum.
quadrangulatum, Schlotheim, 1821-23,
Petrefactenkunde, Coal Meas. [Sig.
quadrangular.]
quadrilaterale, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. quad-
rilateral.]
rhombicum, Presl., 1833 (Bergeria
rhombica), in Sternberg, Flor. d.
Vorw., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
rhombic]
rugosum syn. for L. dichotomum.
scutatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. bearing
shields.]
squamiferum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. scale
bearing.]
tetragonum, Sternberg, 1821, Essai d'un
expose Geognostico-botanique de la
flore du monde primitif, 2 Cahier,
Coal Meas. [Sig. quadrangular.]
venustum, syn. for L. obtusum.
Lepidophloios ichthyoderma, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas.
[Sig. fish skinned.]
ichthyolepis , see Lepidodendron iehthyo-
lepis.
sigillarioides, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Sigillaria.]
Lepidophyllum foliaceum is Lepidostrobus
foliaceus.
lanceolatum is Lepidostrobus lanceola-
tus, and is Brongniart's species
1828, in Prodr. d. Hist. Veg. Foss.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
253
Lepipophyllum linearifolium, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas.
[Sig. having lined leaves.]
mansneldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
morrisannra, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
trinerve is Brongniart's species, 1828, in
Prodr. d. Hist. d. Veg. Foss.
Lepidostrobvs aldrichi, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
foliacvus instead of Lepidophyllum foli-
aceum.
goldenbergi, Schimper, 1872, Traite de
Pakeontologie Vegetale, vol. 2, p. 61.
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name . ]
hastifulius should be L. hastatus. The
mistake is in Geo. Sur., 111., vdl. 2,
p. 45G.
ineertus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. uncertain.]
lacoei, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety proper name.]
lanceolatus instead of Lepidophyllum
lanceolatum.
mansneldi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
mirabilis, Newberry, 1873 (Polysporia
mirabilis), Ohio Pal., vol. 1, Lower
Coal Meas. [Sig. extraordinary.]
praelongus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. very long.]
quadratus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. quadrate.]
salisburyi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
spectabilis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. remark-
able.]
Stachyoides, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. like the
plant St achy s.]
Lepidoxylox, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa. [Ety. lepis, a scale;
xylon, wood.]
anomalum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., CoalMeas. [Sig. anomalous.]
Lesccropteris adiantites instead of Neu-
ropteris adiantites.
Lesleya, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., CoalMeas. [Ety. proper name.]
grandis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. grand.]
Licrophycus flabellum, Miller & Dyer,
1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
1, Hud. Kiv. Gr. [Sig. a fan.]
Lycopodiolith.es eleaans, see Lepidoden-
dron elegans.
Lycopodites cavifolius instead of Selagin-
ites cavifolius.
ortoni, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., CoalMeas. [Ety. proper name. J
pendulus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. hanging
down.]
Lycopodites strictus, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
pressed together.]
uncinnatus instead of Selaginites uncin-
natus.
vanuxemi, syn. for Plumalina plumaria,
which is a Graptolite.
Macrostachya, Shimper, 1869, Traite de
Palseontologie Vegetale, vol. 1, p. 332.
[Ety. makros, long ; Stachys, a plant.]
infundibuliformis, Brongniart, 1828
(Equisetum infundibuliforme). Hist.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. funnel
shaped.]
Megalopteris abbreviata, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas.
[Sig. abbreviated.]
fasciculata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. bundled.]
marginata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. margined.]
southwelli, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., CoalMeas. [Ety. propername.]
Megaphyton goldenbergi, Weiss, 1860,
Zeitsch d. deutsch geol. Gesellsh
XII., CoalMeas. [Ety. proper name.]
grandeuryi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Myrianites is a trail.
Nemapodia is a trail.
Nematophyllum, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora. [Ety.
nema, thread; phyllon, a leaf.]
angustum, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. narrow.]
Nereites is a trail.
Neuropteris acuminata, Schlotheim, 1820
(Filicites acuminatus), Petref., Coal
Meas. [Sig. acuminated ]
adiantites is Lescuropteris adiantites.
agassizi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. propername.]
anomala, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., CoalMeas. [Sig. anomalous.]
aspera, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. rough.]
biformis, Lesquereux, 1880. Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. two formed.]
callosa, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. thick skinned. ]
cordato-ovata, Weiss, 1877, Fossile Flora,
Coal Meas. [Sig. cordate-ovate.]
decipiens, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig deceiving.]
dictyopteroides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. like
Dictyopteris .]
dilatata, Lindley & Hutton, 1835 (Cyclop-
teris dilatata), Foss. Flora, vol. 2,
CoalMeas. [Sig. dilated ]
elrodi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
germari, Goeppert, 1836 (Adiantites
254
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
germari), Systema Filicum fossilium,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Neuropteris laciniata instead of Cyclop-
teris laciniata.
linnceifolia is a Triassic species,
missouriensis, Lesqnereux. 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
obscura, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. obscure.]
odontopteroides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. like Odontopteris.]
platynervis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. [Sig. flat nerved.]
smithsi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
subfalcata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. subfalcate.]
tenuinervis is Odontopteris tenuinervis.
Nosggerathia was described by Sternberg,
in 1820, in Essai d'un expose Geognos-
tico-botanique de la Flore du monde
primitif, 2 Cahier.
bockschiana is Archaeopteris bockschiana.
minor is Archaeopteris minor.
obliqua, Lesquereux, is Archaeopteris
obliqua.
obliqua, Gceppert is not an American
species.
obtusa is Archaeopteris obtusa.
Odontopteris abbreviata, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas.
[Sig. shortened.]
alpina, Sternberg, 1821-38 (Neuropteris
alpina), Versuch einer Geognost.-
botan. Darstellung der Flora der Vor-
welt., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
brardiis Ad., Brongniart's species, 1822,
in Class d. Veg. Foss.
cornuta, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. horned ]
crenulata, as first identified by Lesque-
reux, see O subcrenulata
deformata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. deformed.]
densifolia, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora. Coal Meas. or
Perm. [Sig. dense leaved.]
lescurei, Wood, I860, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name ]
nervosa, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Perm. [Sig. full of veins.]
newberryi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas [Ety. proper name.]
neuropteroides, being preoccupied by Roe-
mer, Lesquereux proposed O. new-
berryi, 1880, Coal Flora of Pa.
pachyderma. Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Mens.
or Permian. [Sig. thick skinned.]
rotundifolia. Wood. 18(56. Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc. vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig.
round leaved.]
Odontopteris sphenopteroides, Lesque-
reux, 1880, Coal Flora of Pa., Coal
Meas. [Sig. like Sphenopteris ]
squamosa, Dawson, 1881, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc , Lond., vol. 37, Devonian.
[Sig. scaly.]
subcrenulata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. some-
what crenulated.]
tenuinervis, instead of Neuropteris tenui-
nervis.
Oligocarpia, Gceppert, 1841-48, Die
Gattungen der fossilen Pflanzen.
[Ety. oligos, few; carpus, fruit.]
alabamensis, Lesquereux, 1875, Geol.
Rep. Ala., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
flagellaris instead of Sphenopteris
flagellaris.
gutbieri, Gceppert, 1841-48, Die Gattun-
gen der fossilen Pfianzen, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
Paljsochorda prima, Whitfield, 1877, Rep.
on the Pal. of the Black Hills, Pots-
dam Gr. [Sig. first.]
Pai^eophycus plumosuni, Whitfield, 1878,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. feathered.]
occidentale, Whitfield, 1877, Rep. on the
Pal. of the Black Hills, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. western.]
PALiEOXYRis appendiculata is Spirangium
appendiculatum.
corrugata is Spirangium corrugatum.
prendeli is Spirangium prendeli.
Palmacites oculatus, see Sigillaria oeulata.
nceggerathi, see Trigonocarpum na*gger-
athi.
Pecopteris angustipinna, Fontaine &
White, 1880, Perm, or Up. Carb.
Flora, Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig.
having narrow pinnae.]
arborescens is Schlotheim's species,
1820 (Filicites arborescens) Petref.
arguta is Sternberg's species in Tent.
Flor. Primord.
aspera, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d. Veg.
Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. rough.]
asplenioides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. like A$ple»ium.]
bullata is a Triassic species.
clarki, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
clintoni, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
elliptica, Fontaine & White (Goniopteris
elliptica). The name was preoccupied.
germari, Weiss, 1869-72 (Cyatheites ger-
mari), Foss. Flora d. Jungsten Steink.
Form., Up. Coal Meas. or Permian.
[Ety. proper name.]
germari var. crassinervis, Fontaine &
White, 1880, Perm, or Up. ( 'arh. Flora,
Coal .Mens, or Permian. [Sig. thick
nerved.]
germari var. cuspidata, Fontaine &
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
25.1
White, 1880, Perm, or Up. Carb.
Flora, Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig.
toothed.]
Pecopteris goniopteroides, Fontaine &
White, 1880, Perm, or Up. Carb.
Flora, Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig.
like Ooniopteris.]
halli instead of Alethopteris, halli.
heerana. Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm,
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
imbricate, Fontaine & White, Perm, or
Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig.
imbricated.]
inclinata, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig.
inclined.]
lanceolate, Lesquereux, instead of
Alethopteris lanceolate.
Wmeeolata, Fontaine & White. The name
was preoccupied,
latifolia, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wide leaved.]
lyratifolia, Goeppert, 1841-48 (Sphenop-
teris lyratifolia), Die Gattungen d
Foss. Pflanzen, Coal Meas. [Sig
having lyre-shaped leaves.]
marginata, see Alethopteris marginata.
merianopteroides, Fontaine & White,
1880, Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. like Mer-
ianopteris.]
microphylla, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
small leaved.]
miltoni, Artis, 1825 (Filicites miltoni),
Anted. Phytol., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
murrayana is identified by Lesquereux,
Geo. Sur., Ill , vol. 2, see Sphenop-
teris pseudo-murrayana.
newberryana, Fontaine & White, 1880
(Goniopteris newberryana), Perm, or
Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
newberryi. refer to Pseudopecopteris
newberryi.
nodosa, Goeppert, 1836 (Aspidites no-
dosus), Systema Filicum Fossilium,
Upper Coal Meas. [Sig. nodose.]
oblonga, Fontaine & White, 1880 (Goni-
opteris oblonga), Perm, or Up. Carb.
Flora, Coal Meas. or Perm. [Sig. ob-
long.]
oroides, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. somewhat ovoid.]
pachypteroides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. like Pachypteris.}
platynervis, Fontaine & White. 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. fiat nerved.]
platvrachis. Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d.
Hist. d. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
bavins; a fiac rachis.l
Pecopteris plumosa is Artis' species (Fili-
cites plumosa), 1825, Anted. Phytol.
pteroides instead of Alethopteris pter-
oides.
pzisilla is Pseudopecopteris pusilla.
quadratifolia, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. quad-
rate leaved.]
rarinervis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Permian or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. rare veined.]
robusta, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. robust.]
rotundifolia, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. round leaved.]
rotundiloba, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. round lobed.]
schimperana. Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
serpillifolia, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. thyme
leaved.]
serrula, Lesquereux, instead of Alethop-
teris serrula.
shcefferi is Pseudopecopteris shaefferi.
sillimani is Pseudopecopteris sillimani.
solida instead of Alethopteris solida.
stellata instead of Alethopteris stellata.
subfalcata, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. somewhat falcate.]
tenuinervis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. fine veined.]
venulosa, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. full of small
veins.]
vestita, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. clothed.]
Physophycus marginatus is Taonurus mar-
ginatus.
Phytolithus cancellatus is Lepidodendron
veltheimianum.
Polyporites mirabilis is a mistake and may be
erased.
polysporus is a mistakeand may be erased.
Polyspora is a syn. for Lepidostrobus.
mirabilis is Lepidostrobus mirabilis.
Protoblechxum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa. [Ety. protos, first;
Blechnum, a genus.]
holdeni instead of Alethopteris holdeni.
Protostigma, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc. [Sig. protos, first; stigma,
a brand or dot.]
sigillarioides, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc.
Am. Fhil. Soc, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
like Sigillaria.]
Pseudopecopteris, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa. [Ety. pseudos, false;
Pecopteris, a genus.]
abbreviate instead of Sphenopteris. ab-
breviate,
acuta instead of Sphenopteris acuta,
256
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Pseudopecopteris anceps, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Fa., Coal Meas.
[Sig. double.]
eallosa instead of Fecopteris eallosa.
cordato-ovata, Weiss, 1869-22 (Neurop-
teris cordata-ovata) , Foss. Flor. d.
jungst. steink. form., Coal Meas.
[Sig. cordate ovate.]
decipiens instead of Sphenopteris de-
cipiens.
decurrens instead of Fecopteries de-
currens, Lesquereux.
denudata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. denuded.]
dimorpha, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. two-formed.]
glandulosa instead of Sphenopteris
glandulosa.
hymenophylloides instead of Alethop-
teris hymenophylloides.
irregularis instead of Sphenopteris irreg-
ularis.
latifolia instead of Sphenopteris latifolia.
macilenta instead of Sphenopteris ma-
cilenta.
mazonana instead of Alethopteris ma-
zonana.
muricata instead of Alethopteris muri-
cata.
nervosa instead of Alethopteris nervosa.
newberryi instead of Sphenopteris new-
berry i.
pluckeneti instead of Alethopteris
pluckeneti.
polyphylla instead of Sphenopteris
polyphylla.
pusilla instead of Pecopteris pusilla.
shaefferi instead of Pecopteris shaefferi.
sillimani instead of Pecopteris sillimani.
speciosa, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. beautiful.]
spinulosa instead of Alethopteris spinu-
losa.
subcrenulata, Lesquereux, 1830, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. some-
what crenulated.]
subnervosaRcemer, F. A., 1860, Palaeon-
tographica, vol 9, Coal Meas. [Sig.
somewhat veiny.]
trifoliata instead of Sphenopteris tri-
foliata, and credit to Artis, 1825 (Fili-
cites trifoliatus) Anted. Phytol.
virginiana instead of Cyclopteris virgin-
iana.
Fsilophyton cornutum, Lesquereux, 1877,
Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, Low. Held.Gr.
[Sig. horned.]
gracillimum, see Dendrograptus gracilli-
mus.
princeps, var. ornatum, Dawson, 1871,
Foss. Plants, Devonian. [Sig. ornate.]
1'tilocarpus bicornutus, see Cardiocarpon bi-
cornutum.
Ptilophyton, Dawson, 1878, Scottish Devo-
nian Plants. [Ety. ptUon, a wing;
, phi/ton, a plant.] This name is pro-
posed for Lycopodites vanuxemi, which
is Plumalina plumaria, and L. plumu-
la. If the types are not Graptolites,
the genus may stand.
Rhabdocarpus apiculatus, syn. for R. cari-
natus.
costatus, syn. for R. acuminatum,
cornutus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. horned.]
howardi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
insignis, Lesquereux, 1880. The name
having been preoccupied by Dawson,
see R. lescuriana.
jacksonensis instead of Carpolithes jack-
sonensis.
lescurianus, n. sp. Coal Meas. Proposed
instead of R. insignis, Lesquereux,
1880, Coal Flora of Pa., p. 575, pi. 85,
fig. 26.
mammillatus is Cardiocarpon mammilla-
turn,
multistriatus instead of Carpolithes mul-
tistriatus.
oblongus, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Perm . [ Sig. oblong . ]
platimarginatus instead of Carpolithes
platimarginatus .
Rhachiopteris affinis instead of Stigmari-
oides affinis.
selago instead of Stigmarioides selago.
Rhacophyllum adnascens instead of
Hymenophyllites adnascens.
arborescens instead of Hymenophyllites
arborescens.
clarki instead of Hymenophyllites clarki.
cornutum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal. Meas. [Sig. horned.]
corallum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. a coral.]
expansum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. expanded.]
filiciforme, Gutbier, 1842 (Fucoides fili-
ciformis). Abdr. u. Verst. d. zwick-
aur schwarzk, u. sein. Ungeb., Coal
Mens. [Sig fern like.]
flabellatum, Sternberg, 1821-38 (Aphle-
bia fiabellata), Flora der Vorwelt,
vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. fan like.]
fucoideum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa , Coal Meas. [Sig. fucus like.]
hamulosum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. full
of hooks ]
inflatum instead of Hymenophyllites in-
flatus.
irregulare, Germar, 1844 (Aphlebia
irregularis), Verst d. Steink. v.
Wettin u Lobejiin, Coal Meas. [Sig.
irregular.]
laciniatum, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. jagged.]
membranaceum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa.. Coal Meas. [Sig. mem-
branaceous.]
molle, instead of Hymenophyllites mollis.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
2.->;
Ehacophylum scolopendrites instead of
Scolopendrites dentatus.
spinosum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., CoalMeas. [Sig. full of spines. J
strongi instead of Hymenophyllites
strongi.
thalliforme instead of Hymenophyllites
thalliformis.
trichoideum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. hair-
like.]
truncatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. truncated.]
Hhizomorpha sigillarle, Lesquereux,
1877, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., CoalMeas.
[Sig. of Sigillaria.]
Rusophycus asperum, Miller & Dyer,
1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
1, Utica Slate. [Sig. rough. J
Sapori\ea, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora. [Ety. proper
name.]
grandifolia, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. large leaved.]
salisburioides, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. like Salisburia.]
Schutzia bracteata refer to Cordaianthus
bracteatus.
Scolithus has no place among the plants. It
represents the work of a borer, and is
referred therefore to the Annelida.
Scolopendrites dentatus is Rhacophyllum
scolopendrites.
Sdaginites cavifolius is Lycopodites cavi-
folius.
crassus is a syn. for Lycopodites cavi-
folius.
forrnosus is not a plant. It was founded
upon fragments of a crustacean.
uncinnatus is Lycopodites uncinnatus.
Sigillaria acuminata, Newberry, 1874,
Proc. Cleveland Acad. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Sig. pointed.]
alveolaris is Sternberg's species (Lepi-
dodendron alveolare), 1820 in essai
d'un expose Geognostico-botanique
de la Flore du monde primitif. 1st
cahier.
approximata, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian.. [Sig near to.]
bieroei, syn. for S. ichthyolepis.
brardi was described in 1822. Class d.
Veg. Foss.
brongniarti, Geinitz, 1855. Die Verst.
d. Steink. form. Sachsen , Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name ]
cancellata, syn. for Lepidodendron vel-
theimianum.
chemungensis is Lepidodendron chemung-
ense.
eortei, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d. Hist.
d. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
cuspidate, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d.
Hist. d. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
pointed.]
Sigillaria dentate, Newberry, 1874, Proc.
Cleveland Acad. Sci., Coal Meas.
[Sig. toothed.]
elegans is Sternberg's species (Favularia
elegans) in Tent. flor. primord.
hexagona, Schlotheim, 1820 (Palmacites
hexagonatus), Petref., Coal Meas.
[Sig. hexagonal.]
ichthyolepis, Sternberg, 1821-38, Flor.
d. Vorw., Coal Meas. [Sig. fish-
scaled.]
lacoei, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
leioderma, Brongniart, 1828-44, Hist. d.
Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig. smooth
skinned.]
leptoderma, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., CoalMeas. [Sig. thin skinned.]
lorenzi, Lesquereux, 1^80, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
mammillaris, Brongniart, 1828-44, Hist.
d. Veg. Foss. Coal Meas. [Sig. mam-
illated.]
marginata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. margined.]
marineria, Hildreth, 1837, Am Jour.
Sci. & Arts, vol. 31, Low. Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
martini may be erased,
oculata is Schlotheim's species (Palm-
acites oculatus), 1820, Petref.
orbicularis, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d.
Hist. d. Veg. Foss., Coal Meas. [Sig.
orbicular.]
ornithicnoides, Wood, 1866, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig.
like bird tracks.]
ovalis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. oval.]
oweni, see Didymophyllum oweni.
perplexa, Wood, 1866, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig. per-
plexing. ]
pittstonana, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety.
' proper name.]
pulchra, Newberry, 1874, Proc. Cleve-
land Acad. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
beautiful.]
reticulata, Steinhaur, may be erased and
reticulata, Lesquereux, restored.
solanus, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas [solanus, in text;
solenotus, on plate ; solena, in Trans.
Am. Phil. Soc. vol. 13.]
tes6ellata, Steinhaur, is correct, but tess-
ellata. Brongniart, may be struck out
as he did not claim the name,
voltzi, Brongniart, 1828, Prodr. d. Hist.
d. Veg Foss., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
williamsi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name ]
yardleyi was described by Lesquereux.
in 1858, in Catal. Potts. Foss.
258
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Sigillarioides stellatus, refer to Stigmaria
stellata.
Solenoula, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., vol. 2. [Ety. solen, a channel;
oulos, entire.]
psilophloeus, Wood, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal. Meas. [Sig. smooth
barked.]
Sokocladus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa. [Ety. soros, a heap, one of
the fruit dots on the back of the
frond; klado, to break in pieces.]
asteroides instead of Staphylopteris
asteroides.
ophioglossoides, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Ophioglossus.]
sagittatus instead of Staphylopteris
sagittata.
stellatus instead of Staphylopteris stell-
ata.
wortheni instead of Staphylopteris
wortheni.
SrHENOPHYLLUM densifoliatum, Fontaine &
White, 1880, Perm, or Up. Curb.
Flora, Coal Meas. or Permian. [Sig.
dense leaved. ]
fontainianum, n. sp., Upper Coal Meas.
or Permian. Proposed instead of
S. latifolium of Fontaine & White,
in Perm, or Up. Carb. Floi'a, p. 36,
pi. 1, figs. 10 & 11.
latifolium, Wood, 1866, Trans Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig. wide
leaved.]
latifolium, Fontaine & White, 1880,Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora. The name was
preoccupied. See S. fontainianum.
primcevum, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Hud. Riv. Gr. I think there
is no probability that this is a plant,
tenuifolium, Fontaine & White 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora. Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. slender leaved.]
Sphenopteris abbreviate/,, refer to Pseudo-
pecopteris abbreviata.
acrocarpa, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. pointed fruit]
acuta, refer to Pseudopecopteris acuta.
alabamensis , refer to Oligocarpia alabam-
ensis.
auriculata, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora. Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. auriculated.]
ballantini instead of Hymenophyllites
ballantini.
britsi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name. ]
chaerophylloides instead of Pecopteris
chaerophylloides .
coriacea, Fontaine & White. 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or Per-
mian. [Sig. coriaceous.]
cristata, Sternberg, 1821-38, Flor. d.
Vorw., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig. tufted.]
decipiens, refer to Pseudopecopteris de-
cipiens.
Sphkxopteris dentata, Fontaine & White,
1880, Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. toothed.]
flaecida, Crepin, 1874, Bull. Acad. Roy.
of Belgium, Sub-carboniferous. [Sig.
flaccid.]
flagellaris refer to Oligocarpia flagellars,
flexicaulis instead of Hymenophyllites
flexicaulis. .
foliosa, Fontaine & White, 1880, Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. leafy.]
fui-cata instead of Hymenophyllites fur-
catus
glandulosa, refer to Pseudopecopteris
glandulosa.
goniopteroides, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. like
Goniopteris .]
hastata, Fontaine & White. 1880. Perm.
or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas. or
Permian. [Sig. armed with a spear.]
hildrethi instead of Hymenophvllites
hildrethi.
intermedia, Lesquereux, The name was
preoccupied in 1852 by Ettingshausen.
It is now described as S. mediana.
irregularis, refer to Pseudopecopteris
irregularis,
larischi, Stur, 1877 (Calymmotheca
larischi), Culm. Flor. d. Ostr. u.
Waldenburger Sehichten, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
lati folia, refer to Pseudopecopteris lati-
folia.
laxa, Hall, is Archax>pteris hallana.
lescuriana, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
linearis, Sternberg, Tent. flor. prim. p.
15, tab. 42, flg. 4, Lower Coal Meas.
[Sig. lined.]
maoilenta, refer to Pseudopecopteris
niaeilenta.
mediana, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig middle.]
Proposed instead of S. intermedia,
microearpa. Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. small
fruited.]
minutisecta, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Sig. finely
marked.]
newberryi refer to Pseudopecopteris
newberryi.
pachynervis, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Sig. thick veined.]
pilosa, refer to Callipteris pilosa.
polyphylla, refer to Pseudopecopteris
polyphylla.
pseudomurrayana, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
from its resemblance to Pecopteris
murrayana.]
pterota, Wood, 1866, Trans. Am. Phil.
VEGETABLE KINGDOM.
Soc., vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig.
feathered.]
M'iJK.voPTEBis quercifolia, Gceppert, 1836,
Systema Filicum fossilium, Coal
•■is. [Sig. oak leaved.]
spinosa instead of Hymenophyllites
r-pinosus.
squamosa is Pseudopecopteris anceps.
x subalata, Weiss, 1869-72, Foss. Flor.
d. jungst. Steink. form., Coal Meas.
[Sig. somewhat alate.]
trichomanoides instead of Hymen-
ophyllites trichomanoides.
tridaetjiites instead of Hymenophyllites
tri dactylites.
Etete, refer to Pseudopecopteris tri-
foliata and to Artis (Filicites tri-
foliatus), 1825, Antediluvian Phy-
tology.
Sn&Ajreifaf, Schimper, 1874, Traite de
Palaeontologie Vegetale. [Ety. from
the coiled and twisted marking
around the pod or vegetable sub-
stance.]
appendieulatum instead of Palaeoxyris
appendiculata.
corrugatum instead of Palaeoxyris cor-
rugata.
intermedium, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. in-
termediate.]
multiplicatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. many
plicated.]
prendeli instead of Palaeoxyris prendeli.
SpirophyUm, Hall, is classed by Prof. Les-
quereux as a synonym for Taonurus.
Sporaxgites acuminatum instead of Annu-
laria acuminata,
huronensis, Dawson, 1871, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Sporoc YSTis, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa. [Ety. sporos, seed; kustis,
bladder.]
planus, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. {Sig. even.]
Staph vloptekis nsteroides, S. sagittata, 8.
stelloto, and 8. irortheni, are referred
to the genus Sorocladus.
>jemmatopteris, Corda, 1845, Beitrage zur
Flora der Vorwelt. [Ety. stemmatos,
a wreath: ptf/ris, a fern-]
angustata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. narrowed.]
eyclostigma, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa , Coal Meas. [Sig. round
dotted.]
emarginata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa.. Coal Meas. [Sig.emar-
ginated.]
gigantea. instead of Caulopteris gigantea.
liir-utii. Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. hairy.]
insignis. instead of Caulopteris insignis.
mimica, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. mimic.]
Stemmatopteris polita, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
polished.]
punctata, instead of Caulopteris punc-
tata,
schimperi, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
squamosa, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. scaly.]
wortheni, instead of Caulopteris worth-
eni.
Stiomaria amoena, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
charming.]
stellaris instead of Sigillarioides stellaris.
Stigmarioides affinis, refer to Rhachiop-
teris affinis.
selago, refer to Rhachiopteris selago.
Strobilus caryophyllus, Hildreth, 1837, Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arte, vol. 31, Coal Meas.
Syrestgodexdrox was described by Stern-
berg in 1820 in Essai d'un expose
Geognostico-botanique de la Flore
du monde primitif. 1st cahier, and S.
pes-capreoli was also described,
brongniarti, Geinitz, 1855 (Sigillaria
brongniarti), Verst. d. Steink. form.
in Sachsen, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
gracile is from the Waverly Group,
kirtlandium, Hildreth, 1837, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, vol. 31, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
magnificum, Wood, 1866, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc., vol. 13, Coal Meas. [Sig.
magnificent.]
pachyderma instead of Sigillaria pachy-
derma.
T^ExioPHYLLfM, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc. [Ety. tainia, a ribbon ;
phyllon, a leaf.]
contextum, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc., Coal Meas. [Sig.
entwined.]
decurrens. Lesquereux, 1878, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc., Coal Meas. [Sig. extend-
ing downward.]
deflexum, Lesquereux, 1878, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc., Coal Meas. [Sig. bent
down ward, j
T.EXIOPTKRIS lescuriana, Fontaine & White, '
1880, Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal
Meas. or Permian. [Ety. proper
name.]
magnifolia is a Jurassic species,
newberryana, Fontaine & White, 1880,
Perm, or Up. Carb. Flora, Coal Meas.
or Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
smithi, Lesquereux, 1875, Geol. Rep. of
Ala., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
Taoxurus, Fisher-Ooster, 1858, Foss.
Fucoiden d. Schweizer Alpen. [Ety.
toon, a peacock; oura, tail.]
cauda-galli instead of Spirophyton cauda-
galli. according to Lesquereux.
colletti instead of Chondrites eolletti.
PROTISTA.
Taonurus crassus instead of Spirophyton
crassum.
marginatus instead of Caulerpites marg-
inatus.
typus instead of Spirophyton typus.
velum instead of Spirophyton velum.
Trichophycus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat Hist., vol. 1. [Ety.
trichos, hair; phukos, sea weed.]
lanosum, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. woolly.]
sulcatum, Miller & Dyer, 1878. Cont. to
Pal., No. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
furrowed.]
venosum, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. veiny.]
Trigonocarpum giffordi, Lesquereux, 1880,
Coal Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
nceggerathi is Sternberg's species (Palma-
cites noeggerathi), Tent. nor. primord.
saffordi, Lesquereux,. 1880, Coal Flora of
Pa., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Triphyllopteris, Schimper, 1874, Traite
de Pal. Veg. [Ety. tria, three ; phyllon,
a leaf; pteris, a fern.]
lescuriana instead of Cyclopteris lescu-
riana.
Trochophyllum was used by Edwards &
Haime for a genus of Corals in 1851 ,
and hence was preoccupied before
Wood suggested its use instead of
Annularia.
clavatum, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig.
knotted.]
lineare, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas [Sig. linear.]
Ulodendron commutatum, Schimper,
1874, Traite de Pal. Veg., Coal Meas.
[Sig. changed.]
flexuosum, see Halonia flexuosa.
Uphantosnia is referred to the Class Porifera.
Walchia gracilis was published in 1863,
Can. Nat., vol. 8, and is the same as
Araucarites gracilis. W robusta in
1871, in Rep. on Prince Edward's
Island. *
Whittlesey a was described as well as W.
elegans, in 1874, in Proc. Cleveland
Acad. Nat. Sci.
integrifolia, Lesquereux, 1830, Coal
Flora of Pa., Coal. Meas. [Sig.
whole leaved.]
undulata, Lesquereux, 1880, Coal Flora
of Pa., Coal Meas. [Sig. undulated.]
Zamites gramineus and Z. obtusifolius are
Triassic species.
ANIMAL KINGDOM.
SUBKINGDOM PROTISTA.
Arch^ocyathellus, Ford, 1873, Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 6. A
proposed subgenus of Archaeocya-
thus, founded upon A. rensselsericus.
Astroconia, Sollas 1881, Lond. Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 37. [Ety. aster, a
star; konia, dust.]
granti, Sollas, 1881, Lond. Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 37, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name ]
Astylospongia, prsemorsa, var. nuxmo-
schata, Hall, 1876, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. nutmeg.]
Beatricea (p. 165) is a sponge, and should
have been placed in this subkingdom.
Calcarina, D'Orbigny, 1826 2 Tableau Me-
thodique de la classe des Cephalo-
podes in Annales des Sciences Natur-
elles,Tome 7. [Ety. calcis, limestone.]
ambigua, Brady, 1876, Monograph of
Carboniferous and Permian foramin-
ifera, Carboniferous. [Sig. ambigu-
ous.]
Calcisph^era, Williamson, 1880, Mem. Org.
of the Plants of the Coal Meas., pt.
10. [Ety. calcis, limestone; sphtera,
a sphere.]
robusta, Williamson, 1880, Mem. Org.
Plnnts, Coal Meas., Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. robust.]
Cyathophycus, Walcott, 1879, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 10. [Ety. kuatkos, a cup;
phukos, a sea weed.] This genus is
now supposed to represent sponges,
reticulatum, Walcott, 1879, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 10, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
reticulated.]
subsphericum, Walcott, 1879, Trans.
Alb Inst., vol. 10, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. somewhat spherical.]
Cyathospongia, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
kuathos, a cup; spongia, a sponge.]
excrescens, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. growing up preternaturally.]
Dictyophyton catilliforme. Whitfield, 1881,
Bull. No. 1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. dish like]
cylindricum, Whitfield, 1881, Bull No.
1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. cyclindrical.]
Dystactospoxgia, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety.
dystaktos, hard to arrange; spongia, a
sponge]
PROTISTA.
261
Dystactospoxgia insolens, S. A. Miller,
1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
5, Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Sig. unusual.]
Exdothyra, Phillips, 1845, Proc. Geol. &
Polytech, Soc. W. Riding Yorks, vol.
2. [Ety. endo», within; thura, a
door.]
haileyi instead of Rotalia baileyi.
FusiLiXAhyperborea, Salter, 1855, Belcher's-
last Arctic Voyage, vol. 2, Carbonifer-
ous. [Sig. very far north.]
Hixdsia, Duncan, 1879, Ann. & Mag. Nat.
Hist., 5th ser., vol. 4. [Ety. proper
name ]
sphaeroidalis, Duncan, 1879, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 5th ser.,. vol. 4, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. sphaeroiclal.]
Ischadites tessellatus see Receptaculites
tessellatus.
Lepidolites, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. lepis, scale;
lit has, stone.]
dickhauti. Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] Another specimen he
called L. elonyatus, without charac-
ters to distinguish it. The Specimens
are very poor, and unless they are
spongoid and related to Cyathophy-
cus, the name may as well be erased
for want of definition.
Loftusia, Carpenter & Brady, 1869, Trans
Royal Soc. [Ety. proper name.]
columbiana, Dawson, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 35, Up. Carb. [Ety.
proper name.]
Microspoxgia, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. 1. [Ety.
mikros, small; spongia,& sponge.]
gregaria, Miller & Dver, 1878, Jour.
(in. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. belonging to a flock.]
Nodosixelea, Brady, 1876, Monograph,
Carb. & Perm, foraminifera. [Ety.
nodus, a knot.]
priscilla instead of Dentalina priscilla.
Pae.eacis cuneiformis, Milne-Edwards,
1860, Hist. Nat. d. Corollaires, vol. 3,
Warsaw Gr. [Sig. wedge formed.]
cuneatus is a syn. for P. cuneiformis,
and P. compressus and P. enormis,
should be dated 1860.
Pal.eomanox craters should be referred to
the Niagara Gr.
Pattersoxia, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5 [Ety. proper
name.]
diflicilis, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. difficult ]
Protocyathus, Ford, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15. [Ety. pro-
tos, first; kuathos, a cup.]
raruB, Ford, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, Low. Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. rare.]
Receptaculites arcticus, Etheridge, 1878,
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Siluri-
an. [Sig. arctic]
circularis, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. circular.]
devonicus, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. new
species Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig Devonian.]
iowensis, should be referred to the Tren-
ton Gr.
sacculus, Hall, 1879, Desc. new species
Foss. from Waldron, Ind., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. a little bag.]
tessellatus, Winchell & Marcy, 1865,
Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. checkered.]
Rotalia baileyi refer to Endothyra baileyi.
Saccammixa, Sars, 1868, Vidensk-Selsk.
Forhandl. [Ety. diminutive of sakkos,
a bag.]
eriana, Dawson, 1881, Can. Nac, vol. 10,
syn. for Calcisphsera robusta.
Strom atocerium richmondense, S. A.
Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Stromatopora should be referred to this
subkingdom. In 1867, Proc. Am.
Ass. Ad. Sci., Winchell proposed the
subgenus Cainostroma to include S.
monticulifera, S. polymorpha, S. pus-
tulosa, S. radiosa, and S. ramosa; and
the subgenus Idiostroma to include
S. ccespitosa, and a proposed species
S. gordiaceum.
hindi is from the Niagara Gr.
nulliporoides, Nicholson, 1875, Pal.
Prov. Ont., Ham. Gr. [Sig. like
Nullipora.]
Textilaria pakeotrochus see Valvulina palseo-
trochus.
Uphaxtjexia, dawsoni, Whitfield, 1881,
Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts; hIso, Bull.
No. 1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Valvtjlixa, D'Orbigny, 1826, Tabl. Method,
d. 1. Classe d. Cephalopodes. [Ety.
valva, a door. ]
bulloides, Brady, 1876, Monog. Carb. &
Perm, foraminifera, Carboniferous.
[Sig. like a bubble.]
decurrens, Brady, 1878, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Scotland, Carboniferous. [Sig. ex-
tending down.]
palaeotrochus, Ehrenberg. 1857 (Texti-
laria palaeotrochus), Mikrogeologie,
Carboniferous. [Sig. ancient Tro-
chus.]
plicata, Brady, 1873, Mem. Geo. Sur.
Scotland, Carboniferous. [Sig. pli-
rudis, Brady, 1876, Monog. Carb. &
Perm, foraminifera, Carboniferous.
[Sig. rude ]
262
POLYPI.
SUBKINGDOM RADIATA.
CLASS POLYPI.
Acanthograptus, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.
vol. 8. [Ety. akantha, spine; grapho,
to write.]
granti, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat., vol. 8,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Acervtjlaria adjunctive, White, 1880,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 2, Car-
boniferous. [Sig. joined.]
pentagona, Goldfuss, 1826 (Cyathophyl-
lum pentagonum), Petref. Germ., De-
vonian. [Sig. pentagonal.]
Acrophyllum clarki, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky.
St. Geo. Sur., Upper Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
ellipticum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Lower Devonian. [Sig. ellip-
tical].
Alveolites arctica, Woodward, 1879, Lond.
Geo. Mag. n. s. vol. 5, Devonian.
[Sig. arctic]
constans, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Lower Devonian. [Sig. reg-
ular, unchangeable.]
exsul, refer to Callopora exsul.
fibrosus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr.[Sig. fibrous.]
fischeri (which is Pachypora fischeri),
A. goldfussi, and A. roemeri, should
be dated 1860, Can. Jour. vol. 5, and
are from Ham. Gr.
frondosus, refer to Pachypora frondosa.
irregularis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
irregular.]
louisvillensis, Davis (In press) Foss.
Corals of Ky , in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
minimus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy.,in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Lower Devonian. [Sig. small-
est.]
mordax, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy.,in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Lower Devonian. [Sig. rough
as a rasp.] \
multilamella, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Sur., 40th Parallel, vol. 4, Devonian.
[Sig. having many lamellae.]
niagarensis, Nicholson & Hinde, 1874,
Can. Jour., Niagara Gr. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
niagarensis, Rominger, see Alveolites
undosus.
scandularis, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1 Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Upper Devonian. [Sig. covered
as with shingles.]
Alveolites undosus, n. sp.,Niag. Gr. [Sig.
wavy.] This name is proposed for
the species described by Rominger in
1876, in his Foss. Corals, p. 40, pi. 16,
figs. 1 and 2, under the name of A.
niagarensis, as his name was pre-
occupied by Nicholson & Hinde.
Amplextjs annulatus, Whitfield, 1878. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. annulated.]
feildeni, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. vol. 34, Upper Silurian.
[Ety. proper name.]
fenestratus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
having open windows.]
junctus, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niag-
ara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. joined.] ,
laxatus, Billings, Can. Nat. Cor-
niferous ( ?) limestone. [Sig. spread
out.]
uniformis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. uniform.]
Anisophyllum, Edwards and Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal. [Ety.
anisos, unequal; phyllon, a leaf.]
agassizi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bilamellatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. having two lamellae.]
trifurcatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. three forked.]
unilargum, Hall. 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. one large.]
Arachnophyllum, Dana, 1848, Zoophytes,
U. S. Expl. Exped., vol. 8. [Ety.
arachne, a spider; phyllon, a leaf.]
richardsoni, Salter, 1852, Sutherland's
Jour., vol. 2, Upper Sil. [Ety.
proper name.]
Astraea hennahi, see Smithia hennahi.
ASTR.EOPHYLLIM, Nicholson & Hinde,
1874, Can. Jour., vol. 14. [Ety. aster,
a star; phyllon, a leaf.]
gracile, Nicholson & Hinde, 1874, Can.
Jour., vol. 14, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
Atjlacophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1854,
British Fossil Corals. [Ety. aulas, a
furrow; phyllon, a leaf.]
bilaterale, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals
POLYPI.
2G3
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. bilateral.]
Aulacophyli.um coiiigeruui, Davis (In
press). Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1,
Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Upper De-
vonian. [Sig. bearing a cone.]
convergent, Hall, 1882. Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. converging.]
crnciforme, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. cruciform.]
mntabile, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Middle Devonian. [Sig. change-
ful.]
parvum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Middle Devonian. [Sig. small.]
pinnatum, Hall. 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. plumed.]
poculum, Hall. 1882. Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. a cup.]
prseciptum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals.
Niagara and Up Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone [Sig. anticipated.]
prateriforme. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. prateriform?]
princeps. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. first.]
reflexum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.. Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. turned back.]
sulcatum. D'Orbigny. 1850. Prodr. d.
Pal., vol. 1. p. 105, Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. furrowed.]
tripinnatum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals.
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. three pinnated.]
trisuleatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. three furrowed.]
unguloideum. Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Lower Devonian. [Sig.
like a hoof.]
Aulopora canadensis, 1875 (Alecto cana-
densis). Can. Nat. and Geo., vol. 7,
Corniferous limestone. [Ety. proper
name.]
culmula, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St Geo.
Sur.. Devonian. [Sig. a little stalk.]
procumbens, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Middle Devonian. [Sig.
prostrate.]
Baryphyliam fungulus. White, 1878, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a small mushroom.]
verneuilanum. Edwards & Ilainie,
1851, Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Blothrophyllim cinctutum, Davis (In
press), Foss. Corals of Ky., vol. 1,
Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Middle
Devonian. [Sig. girt.]
corium, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Middle Devonian. [Sig. bark, skin.]
louisvillense, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Middle and Upper
Devonian. [Ety. proper name ]
multicalicatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. many plastered.]
niagarense. Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
papulosum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. pustulecl.]
parvulum, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky.. vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Middle Devonian. [Sig.
very small.]
promissum. Hall., 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. hanging down.]
sessile, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky.. vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Middle Devonian. [Sig. dwarfish,
seeming to sit.]
sinuosum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. sinuous.]
Calamopora cellulata, see Favositescellulata.
goldfussi, see Favosites goldfussi.
minuta, see Favosites minute.
uunutissima, see Favosites minutissima.
radians, see Favosites radians.
verneuili, see Favosites verneuili.
Calceola should be removed from the
Brachiopoda to this class.
attenuate, Lyon, 1879, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Niagara Gr. [Sig. attenuated.]
corniculum, Lyon, 1879, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little
horn.] Is it a syn. for C tennesseen-
sis?
coxi, Lyon, 1879, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.] Is
it a syn. for C. tennesseensis ?
proteus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
pusilla, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
very small.]
Callograptis niagarensis, Spencer, 1878,
(an. Nat., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Calophyllum, Dana, 1848, Zoophytes U.S.
Expl. Exped., vol. 8. [Ety. kalos,
beautiful; phyllon, a leaf.]
phragmoceras, Salter, 1852, Sutherland's
.Jour., vol. 2. Up. Sil. [Sig. a parti-
tioned horn.]
264
POLYPI.
Calyptograptus, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8. [Ety. kalyptos, covered;
grapho, to write,]
cyathiformis, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. cup shaped.]
subretiformis, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. somewhat
net formed]
Cannapora annulate, Nicholson & Hinde.
1874, Can. Jour., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
ringed.]
Caryophyllia cornicula, see Zaphrentis cor-
riicula.
gigantea, see Zaphrentis gigantea.
pulmonea, see Zaphrentis pulmonea.
Catenipora michelini, Castlenau, syn. for
Halysites catenulatus.
Chetetes sequidistans. Hall, 1881. Bryozo-
ans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. equi-
distant.]
arcticus, Haughton, 1857, Jour. Roy.
Dub. Soc, vol. 1. [Sig. arctic]
compressus, Ulrich, 1879. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2. Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. compressed.] This is a bryozoan.
crebrirama. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having dense
branches.]
egenus. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. destitute of.]
elegans, Ulrich, see Monticulipora ele-
gans.
internascens, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. growing be-
tween.]
irregularis, see Monticulipora irregularis.
filiasa, see Monticulipora fili >sa.
fusiformis, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv Gr. [Sig.
fusiform.]
granuliferus, see Monticulipora granu-
lifera .
milleporaceus. Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal. Car-
boniferous. [Sig. having innumer-
able pores.]
moniliformis, refer to Monticulipora
moniliformis.
ramosus, see Monticulipora ramosa.
subglobosus, Ulrich, see Monticulipora
subglobosa.
undulatus. see Monticulipora undulata.
venustus, see Monticulipora venusta.
Chonophyllum capax, Hall, 1882, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. capacious.]
magnificum, was published in Can. Jour.,
vol. 5, in 1860.
nanum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Upper Devonian. [Sig. a dwarf.]
sedaliense, White, 1880, 12th Rep. U S.
Geo. Sur, Terr., Choteau Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
vadum, Hall, 1882, Fobs. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
shallow.]
Chonostegites, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Pol. Foss. des Terr. Pal., p. 299. [Ety.
konos, a cone; stege, a covering.]
clappi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Pol.
Foss. des Terr. Pal. p. 299, Up. Held.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cladopora alcicornis, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Up. Devonian.
[Sig. elk's horn.]
aculeata, Davis (In press), Foss Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having
prickles or spines.]
acupicta, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur , Low. Devonian [Sig. punctured
as with a needle.]
bifurca, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.
Low. Devonian. [Sig. two pronged,
forked.]
canadensis, Rominger, is a syn. for Pachy-
pora frondosa.
crassa, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. thick.]
dentata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. having
teeth.]
desquamata, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig.
scaled, peeled.]
dispansa, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. spread
out flat]
equisetalis, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. from the plant
Equisetum.]
fibrata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. fibrous.]
foliata, Davis (In press), Foss Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low Devonian. [Sig. arranged in
leaves.]
gracilis. Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Mid. Devonian. [Sig. slender.]
gulielmi. Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
. of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up. Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
knappi. Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St Geo.
Sur., Low Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
lichenoides, Rominger, 1876. This name
was preoccupied by Winchell &
Marcy, in 1865. See C. winchellana.
menis, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a crescent.]
ordinata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
POLYPI.
2G5
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Siii'., Niagara Gr. [Sig. from the
arrangement in rows.]
Cladopopa proboseidalis, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Bur.. Niagara Gr. [Sig.
having a proboscis.]
ricta, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. open month.]
robnsta var. tela, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky , in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur.,- Low. Devonian. [Sig a
„web.]
sarmentosa, Hall, 1876, Desc. new
species of fossils from Waldron,
Niagara Gr. [Sig full of branches.]
striata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. striped.]
undosa, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, P«l. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. wavy.]
winchellana, n. sp.. Up. Held. Gr. This
name is proposed for the species de-
scribed by Rominger, under the pre-
occupied name of C. lichenoides, in
his Fossil Corals, p. 47, pi. 17, figs. 1
and 4. Named in honor of Alexander
Winchell.
Clisiophyllum austini, Salter, 1852
(Strephodes austini), Sutherland's
Jour., vol. 2, Devonian [Ety. proper
name.]
danaanum, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pluriradiale, Nicholson, 1874, Pal. Prov.
Ontario, Corniferous limestone. [Sig.
many radiated]
tumulus, Salter, 1855, Belcher's last of
the Arctic Voyages, vol. 2, Car-
boniferous. [Sig. a mound.]
Ccenites lunata, see Limaria lunata.
Columnakia halli, Nicholson, 1879, Tabu-
late Corals, syn for C. alveolata.
mamillaris, and C. multiradiata, Castel-
nau, 1843, are not recognized by
palaeontologists.
sutherlandi, Salter, 1852, Sutherland's
Jour., vol 2, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Columnopora rayi, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Ceaspedophyllum, Dybowski, 1873,
Beschreibung neuen aus Nordamer-
ika, Stammenden Devonischen, art
der Zoaniharia rugosa. [Ety. kras-
pedos, an edge; phyllon, a leaf.]
americanum, Dybowski, 1873, Beschr.
n a. Norda. s. Dev. a. d. Zoanth.
rugosa., Up. Held. Gr., at Columbus,
O. [Ety. proper name.]
Crepidophyllum, Nicholson & Thompson,
1877, Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, vol.
9. A proposed name to include
Diphyphylhun archiaci.
Cyathaxonia columellata, Hall, 1882, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. pillared.J
cynodon, Rafinesque & Clifford, 1820,
Monographic d. Turbinolides, in
Ann. d. Phys. d. Brux., t. 5, Waverly
Gr. [Sig. dog tooth.]
gainesi, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
herzeri, Hall ? 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.}
profunda, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Car-
boniferous. [Sig. profound.]
wisconsinensis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
CYATHOPHYLLUM.a</</Zomera£wm, C. ammonis,
C. arborescens, C. atlas, C. conicum,
C. distincturn, G. d'orbignyi, C. gold-
fussi, C. goliath, C. michelini, C. pli-
catulum, C. rollini, G. striatulum, and
C. vicinum, are Castlenau's species
imperfectly described in 1843, in his
Systeme silur. de l'Amerique sep-
tentr. They are not recognized by
American authors.
articulatum, Wahlenberg (Madreporites
articulatus), Nov. Act. Upsal., vol.
8, Up. ttil. This, though identified
by some from America, is probably
not an American species.
arctifossa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. close wrinkled.]
brevicorne, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Devonian. [Sig. short horn.]
bullatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. vesicled.j
bullulatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. little vesicled.]
canaliculatum, Hall 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. canaliculated.]
cohjerens, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. coherent.]
concentricum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. concentric]
depressum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. depressed.]
exfoliatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. exfoliated.]
fimbriatum. Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. fringed.]
flos, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
2G6
POLYPI.
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. and Devonian. [Sig.
a flower.]
Cyathophyllum gemmiferum, Davis (In
press), Foss Corals of Ky., in vol.
1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Devoni-
an. [Sig. bearing buds.]
(jigas is a syn. for Zaphrentis gigantea.
impositum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. laying over.]
infoveatum, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Devonian [Sig. without a
fovea.]
intertrium, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. from the three smaller lamellae
between the larger ones.]
intervesiculum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr . , Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. having vesicles
between.]
juvenis, is without letter j in part of
the 1st edition of this work.
lesueuri, should be accredited to Ed-
wards & Haime, 1851, Mon. d. Pol.
Foss. d. Terr. Pal.
multicrena, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Devonian. [Sig. many notched.]
nevadense. Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur.,
„ 40th parallel, Carboniferous. [Ety.
proper name.]
oedipus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
having a club foot.]
palmeri, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Devonian. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
perfossulatum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. having many
little ditches.]
perplicatum, Hall, 1882. Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. many plicated.]
pickthorni, Salter, 1852 (Strephodespick-
thorni), Sutherland's Jour., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
plication, Goldfuss, 1826. Germ. Petref.
This specific name is condemned as
American, because Goldfuss applied
it to two distinct species at the same
time — one from America and the
other from Sweden.
pocillum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. and Up. Devonian. [Sig. a
little cup.]
pumilus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. a dwarf ]
jiustulatum, Conrad, 1848. Not clearly
defined.
robustum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. robust.]
Cyathophyllum scalenum, Hall, 1882,
Foss. Corals, Niagara and Up. Held.
Gr., Corniferous limestone. [Sig.
having unequal sides.]
septatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Nia-
gara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. partitioned.]
tornatum. Davis 'In press) Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig. rounded
as in a lathe.]
vesiculatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. vesicled.]
zenkeri, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., vol.
5, Corniferous limestone. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
CYSTiPHYLLUMbifurcatum, Hall, 18S2, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Corniferous limestone. [Sig. bifur-
cated.]
bipartitum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. two parted.]
cicatriciferum, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig. bear-
ing a scar.]
crateriforme. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cormfer-
ous limestone. [Sig. crateriform.]
granilineatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up- Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. granule lined.]
hispidum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. prickly,
thorny.]
incurvum, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. crooked.]
infundibulum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. a funnel.]
latiradius, Hall, 18S2, Foss. Corals. Nia-
gara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. wide rayed.]
limbatum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low Devonian. [Sig. bordered,
like a garment with flounces.]
lineatum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. and Low. Devon-
ian. [Sig. lined.]
muricatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. pointed.]
nanum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. a dwarf.]
nettlerothi, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol, 1. Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
POLYPI.
267
CtSTIPHTixum obliquum, Hall, 1882, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Corniferous limestone [Sig. ob-
lique.]
os, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of Ky.,
in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. a bone.]
plicatum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur.,' Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
folded in plaits.]
pustulatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. pustulated.]
quadrangulare, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. quad-
rangular.]
scalatum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. having
stairs.]
striatum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. channeled.]
sulcatum was described in 1858, in
Can. Xat. & Geol., vol. 3.
supraplanum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone . [Sig. very level.]
tenuiradius, Hall, 1S82, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. fine rayed. ]
theissi, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals in
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Mid. Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
zaphrentiforme, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky.
St. Geo. Sur., Low Devonian. [Sig.
formed like Zaphrentis.]
Cystostylis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Eep.
Geo. Sur. Wis. [Ety. kustis, a blad-
der; stylos, a stalk.]
typicus, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur., Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. the
type.]
Daxia, Edwards & Haime, 1849, Comptes
Eendus, t. 29, p. 261. [Ety. proper
name.]
huronica, Edwards & Haime. 1849,
Comptes Eendus, t. 29, Up. Silurian.
[Ety proper name.] ^.
Dekayia, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon. d.
Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., p. 277. [Ety.
proper name.]
aspera, Edwards & Haime, 1851 , Mon.
d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Hud. Eiv.
Gr. [Sig. rough.]
attrita,. Nicholson (Chetetes attritus),
syn. for D. aspera.
Dexdrograptls compactus, Walcott, 1S79,
Utiea Slate and related formations,
Utica Slate. [Sig. compact.]
gracillimus, Lesquereux, 1877, Proc.
Am. Phil. Soc. (Psilophyton gracilli-
mum), Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Sig. very
slender.]
Dexdrograptvs novellus, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
young.]
simplex, Walcott, 1879, Utica Slate and
related formations, Utica Slate. [Sig.
simple.]
tenuiramosus, Walcott, 1879, Utica Slate
and related formations, Utica Slate.
[Sig. very branchy.]
Dexdropora ornata refer to Trachypora
ornata.
osculata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Devonian. [Sig. kissed, joined
by contact.]
Dictyoxema fenestrata was described in
1851, in Foster & Whitney's Eep. on
the Lake Superior Land District,
pergracilis, Hall and Whitfield, 1872,
24th Eeg. Eep., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
very slender.]
tenella, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. delicate.]
websteri was described in 1860, Can.
Nat. & Geo., vol. 5.
Diorrychopora Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur. [Ety. diorrusso, to dig a
canal; pora, a tube.]
tenuis, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Diphyphyllum adnatum, Hall, 1882, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held Gr.,
Corniferous limestone. [Sig. adnate.]
apertum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. opened.]
bellis, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Mid. Devonian. [Sig. a daisy.]
breve, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, 'Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. short.]
coagulatum, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. Devonian. rSi"-.
thickened.]
coalescens, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
growing together.]
conjunctum, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid Devonian. [Sig.
joined intimately.]
cylindraceum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. like cylinders.]
dividuum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. separable.]
fasciculum, Aleek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Devonian. [Sig. a small
bundle.]
gracile, McCoy, 1854, Brit. Pal. Foss.,
Corniferous limestone. [Sig. slender.]
tumidulum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
POLYPI.
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. tumid.]
Diplograptus hudsonicus, Nicholson, 1875,
Pal. Prov. Ont., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ely.
proper name.]
hypniformis, White, 1874 (Graptolithus
hypniformis', Rep. Invert. Foss.,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. like Hypmim, from
the moss-like aspect of the stipes.]
Diplotrypa, Nicholson, 1879, Tabulate Cor-
als. A subgeneric name, founded
upon Monticulipora petropolitana.
Drymopoea, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol, 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur. [Ety. drumos, a thicket; pora,
a tube.]
auloporoidea, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig. re-
sembling Aulopora.]
commensahs, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
living at the same table.]
frutectosa, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig. shrubby,
bushy.]
Elasmophyllum, Hall, 1882. Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
elasma, lamella; phyllon, a leaf.]
attenuatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held'Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. attenuated.]
Eridophyllum simcoense is from the Cor-
niferous limestone.
Favistella calicina, Nicholson, 1874, Rep.
Brit. Assoc, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a
little cup.]
franklini, Salter, 1852, Sutherland's
Jour., vol. 2, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
reticulata, Salter, 1852. Sutherland's
Jour., vol. 2, Up. Sil. [Sig. reticu-
lated ]
Favosites alveolaris may be stricken out as
not an American species,
amplissimus, Davis (In press). Foss.
Corals of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian.
[Sig. very large or ample.]
arbor, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky.. in vol. 1 Pal Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. a tree ]
baculus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. a staff',
a scepter.]
canadensis, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 3, instead of Fistulipora
canadensis,
cariosus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. & Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
worm eaten.]
cellulata, Castelnau. 1843 (Calamopora
cellulata), Syst. Sil. From Point La-
tour, northeast of Lake Huron, but
not recognized by later authors for
some reasons not known to the author.
Favosites clelandi, Davis (In press). Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
convexus, Davis (In press). Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1. Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
convex.]
cymosus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
full of sprouts.]
chapmani, Nicholson, 1874, Pal. Prov.
Ont., Corniferous limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
divergens, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Low. Carb. [Sig. diverg-
ing.]
emmonsi, Rominger, syn. for P. helioliti-
formis.
eximius, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig. uncom-
mon, remarkable.]
flabelliformis, Troost, 1843. Not satis-
factorily defined,
forbesi, var. occidentalis. Hall, 1876, 2£th
Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. western.]
forbesi var. waldronensis, Nicholson, syn.
for F. forbesi, var. occidentalis.
frutex, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. a shrub, a
bush.]
fustiformis, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig.
club shaped.] •
goldfussi. Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
(Calamopora goldfussi , Up. Sil.
[Ety. proper name.]
goodwyni, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up. Dev. [Ety. proper name.]
hamiltonensis, Rominger, syn. for F.
dumosus.
impeditus, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian.
[Sig. hindered, of stunted growth.]
louisvillensis, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name . ]
mamillaris, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized,
mancus instead of F. manus.
minuta and F. minutissima, Castelnau.
Not recognized,
mundus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low, and Mid Devonian. [Sig.
neat, pretty.]
mundus var. placentoideus, Davis (In
press), Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1,
Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Low. De-
POLYPI.
vonian. [Sig. resembling F. pla-
centa]
Favosites occiclens, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. western ]
parvo, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky , in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. a peacock,
in allusion to the resemblance be-
tween the larger round tubes regular-
ly interspersed among the smaller
polygonal tubes of the fossil and the
dotted circles or ''eyes" of a pea-
cock's tail.]
pirum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky.. in vol. 1. Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Mid. Devonian. [Sig. a pea.]
proximus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low Devonian. [Sig. a near
neighbor. ]
quercus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. an oak.]
radians. Castelnau, 1843. Not recog-
nized.
ramulosus, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1. Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. having
small branches.]
rotundituba. Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara and Devonian. [Sig.
round tubed.]
spiculatus, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig bearing
spicules or spikes.]
spinigerus instead of F. niagarensis, var.
spinigerus. '
spongilla, Rominger, syn. for F. spini-
gerus.
troosti, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. foss d. Terr. Pal., Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
verneuili, Castlenau. 1843, syn. forMon-
ticulipora fibrosa.
Favositopora palaiozoica, Kent, 1870, Ann. &
Mag Nat. Hist., 4 ser., vol. 6. Not
recognized.
Fistulipora canadensis, refer to Favosites
canadensis. *
flabellata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. from flal/ellum, a fan.]
lens, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. a
lentil.]
rugosa, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
rugose.]
solidissima, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
very solid.]
Geaptolithus annectans, Walcott, 1879,
Utica Slate and related formations,
Utica Slate Gr. [Sig. connected
together.]
Graptouthus whitianus, n. sp. Hud. Riv.
Gr., from five miles north of Belmont,
Nevada. Proposed instead of G. nimu-
lus of White, 1874, Exp. and Sur., W.
100th merid.. Prelim. Rep. Invert.
Foss. p. 13. and vol. 4, pt. 1, p. 62, pi.
iv., figs. 3a, 3b and 3c. The name was
preoccupied by Hall, for a distinct
species in the same genus.
Hadrophyllum glans, instead of Zaphrentis
glans.
Haixia, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon. d.
Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal. [Ety. proper
name ]
divergens, Hall. 1882. Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. diverging.]
divisa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
dividing.]
insignis, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. marked.]
pluma. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr,. Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a small, soft feather.]
scitula. Hall. 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
handsome.]
Halysites catenulatus, var. feildeni, Eth-
eridge, 1878, Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc,
vol. 34, Upper Silurian. [Ety. proper
name.]
catenulatus, var. harti. Etheridge, 1878,
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Up.
Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
labyrinthica, Goldfuss, 1826 (Catenipora
labyrinthica), Petref. Germ. Niagara
Gr. [Sig. labyrinthine]
nexus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. linked together.]
parryi, Konig, 1824 (Catenipora parryi),
Supp. to App. of Capt. Parry's Voy-
age for the Discovery of a Northwest
Passage, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper name.]
Heliolites should be credited to Guettard,
Mem. 3, p. 454.
Heliophyllum acuminatum, Hall, 1882.
Foss. Corals, Niagara and Up. Held.
Gr., Corniferous limestone. [Sig.
acuminated.]
aequale, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. equal.]
aequum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Nia-
gara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. even, level.]
alternatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. alternated.]
annulatum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Nia-
gara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. annulated.]
campaniforme, Hall, 1S82, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. bell formed.]
canadense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour.,
270
POLYPI.
vol. 4, Corniferous limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
Heliophyllum cancellatum, Hall, 1882,
Fobs. Corals, Niagara and Up. Held.
Gr., Corniferous limestone. [Sig. can-
cellated.]
cayugaense, Billings, 1859, Can. Jour,
vol. 4, Corniferous limestone. [Ety.
proper name.]
compactum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. compact.]
dentatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. toothed.]
denticulatum, Hall, 1882, Foss Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. denticulated ]
dentilineatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. tooth lined.]
distans, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals. Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. distant.]
fasciculatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr , Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. fasciculated.]
fecundum, Hall, 1882, Foss. ,. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. fruitful.]
fissuratum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. fissured.]
gemmatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. hudded.]
gemmiferum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. hud bearing.]
imhricatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. imbri-
cated.]
incrassatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. thickened.]
invaginatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone [Sig. invaginated.]
latericrescens, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. side growing.]
lineolatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. fine lined.]
initella, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a head hand.]
nettlerothi. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Ety. proper name.]
pocillatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. little cupped.]
pravum, Hall, 18a2, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[ttig. cooked.]
puteatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. having a little well.]
Heliophyllum scyphulus, Hall, 1882. Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Corniferous limestone. [Sig. a small
cup.]
sordidum. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals Nia-
gara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. poor ]
tenuimurale, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. thin walled.]
venatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, .
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. veined.]
verticale, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. vertical.]
Heterotrypa, Nicholson, 1879, Pal. Tab. Cor.,
p. 293. Proposed as a subgenus of
Monticulipora.
Ikocaexis arbuscula, Ulrich, 1879 Jour.
Gin. Soc. Nat Hist ,vol. 2, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. a little shrub.]
divaricatus, Hall, 1879, Desc New
Species Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
spread apart.]
problematicus, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. problem-
atic]
Leptopora typa should be referred to the
Marshall or Kinderhook Gr.
winchelli, White, 1879, Bull. U. S. Sur.,
vol. 5, No. 2, Carboniferous. [Ety.
proper name.]
Limaria lunata, Nicholson & Hinde, 1874
(Coenites lunata), Can. Jour., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. lunate.]
Llndstromia, Nicholson & Thompson,
1877, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb., vol. 9.
[Ety. proper name.]
columnaris, Nicholson & Thompson,
1877, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb., vol. 9,
Devonian. [Sig. columnar.]
Lithostrotion harmodites, Edwards &
Haime, 1851, Mon. d. Pol. foss. d.
Terr. Pal., Carboniferous. [Sig.
well-fitting stone.]
junceum, Fleming, 1828 (Caryophyllsea
juncea). Brit. Anim., Subcarbonifer-
ous. From Feilden Isthmus, the
most northern point of land. [Sig.
r made of rushes.]
microstylum, White, 1880, 12th Rep.,
U. S. Sur. Terr., Kinderkook Gr.
[Sig. having small stalks.]
stokesi, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol foss. d. Terr. Pal., Carbonifer-
ous. [Etv. proper name.]
whitneyi. Meek. 1875, Wheeler's Sur.
W. 100th meridian, vol. 4, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
Lophophyllum calceula, see Zaphrentis cal-
ceola.
Lyellia americana is from the Niagara
Group.
qlahra, Owen. 1840 (Sarcinula glabra),
Rep. on Mineral Lands, Devonian.
POLYPI.
271
[Sig. smooth.] This species was too
poorly defined for identification,
puella, Davis (In press). Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a young thing.]
Michelixia clappi, refer to Chonostegites
clappi. •
expansa, White, 1880. 12th Rep., U. S.
Geo. Sur. Terr., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. exp mded.J
niagarensis. Davis (In press). Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
placenta, White, 1880, 12th Pep., U. S.
Geo. Sur. Terr., Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. a cake.]
plana, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Up. Devonian. [Sig. flat, from the
flat tabulae.]
prima, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. l,Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. first.]
trochiscus, Rominger, is a syn. for Pleu-
rodictyum americanum.
Milleria, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.
[Ety. proper name.]
laminata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig arranged in
thin plates.]
Moxograptus convolutus var. coppingeri,
Etheridge. 1878, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc, vol. 34, Silurian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Monotrypa, Nicholson, 1879, Pal. Tab. Cor.,
p. 320. Proposed as a subgenus of
Monticnlipora.
Monticulipora andrewsi, Nicholson, 1881,
Struct, and Affin. of Montic, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.] This
is supposed to be the type of M.
fibrosa,
barrandei should be referred to the Ham.
Gr.
briareus belongs to the Utica Slate Gr.,
and so far as known, does not pass up
into the Hud. Riv. Gr.
calceolus. Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. a little shoe.]
dawsoni, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
elegans, Ulrica, 1879 (Chetetes elegans),
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
filiasa, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr. de Pal.
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. having off-
shoots.]
fietcheri is not an American species,
granulifera, Ulrich, 1879 (Chetetes gran-
uliferus). Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 2, Trenton Gr. [Sig. grain bear-
ing-]
implicata, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. implicated.]
Monticulipora irregularis, Ulrich, 1879,
(Chetetes irregularis,) Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
irregular.]
molesta, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
troublesome.] Syn. for M. mammu-
lata(?).
moniliformis, instead of Chetetes moni-
liformis.
multituberculata, Whitfield, 1878. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis.. Hud. Riv. Gr.
[•Sig. having many tubercles.]
petasiformis, Nicholson, 1881, Struct,
and Affin. of Montic, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. like a broad-brimmed hat.]
punctata, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
punctured.]
ramosa, D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodr. d.
Pal., t. 1, .p. 25, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. ramose.]
rectangularis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
rectangular.]
selwyni, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
selwyni, var. hospitalis, Nicholson, 1881,
Struct, and Affin. of Montic, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. relating to a guest.]
subglobosa,, Ulrich, 1879 (Chetetes sub-
globosus), Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. subglo-
bosc]
trentonensis, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Trent. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ulrichi, Nicholson, 1881, Structure and
Affinities of the genus Monticulipora,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name]
Nicholson subdivided the genus Mon-
ticulipora in the above mentioned
work into six subgenera, viz. : He-
terotrypa, Diplotrypa, Monotrypa, Pras-
opora, and Peronopora. I endeavored
to show, in a notice of the work, pub-
lished in the Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 5, that this subdivision of
the genus is of very little if any value.
undulata, Nicholson, 1875 (Chetetes un-
dulatus) Pal. of Ontario, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. undulated.]
venusta, Ulrich, 1878 (Chetetes venus-
tus), Jour. Cin. Soc Nat. Hist., vol.
1, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
whiteavesi, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affin. of Montic, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Nicholsonia, Davis (In press), Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur. [Ety. proper name ]
angulata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy.,in vol 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian [Sig. having
angles.]
272
POLYPI.
Omphyma verrucosa, should be credited to
Rafinesque and Clifford, 1820, Monog.
d. Turbinolides in Ann. d. phys. d.
Brux., t. 5.
Pachypora, Lindstrom 1873, Ofversigt af
K. Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl. [Ety.
pachys, thick; poros, a pore.]
fischeri instead of Alveolites flscheri.
frondosa instead of Alveolites frondosus.
Pal^eocyclus was defined in Comptes ren-
dus, t. 29.
Peronopora, Nicholson, 1881, Struct, and
Affln. of Montic. Proposed as a sub-
genus of Monticulipora.
Phillipsastrea ingens Davis, (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
very large.]
mamillaris refer to Strombodes maniill-
aris.
PLEURODiCTYUMamericanum. Rcemer, 1876,
Lethsea Palaeozotea, pi. 33, figs. 2a and
2b, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Plxjmalina is refered by Prof. Hall to the
family Plumularidae.
densa, Hall, 1879, 30th Rep., N. Y.
State Museum, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
dense.]
Prasopora, Nicholson & Etheridge, 1877,
Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser.,
vol. 20, p. 38. A subgenus of Mon-
ticulipora including M. selwyni, and
M. selwyni var. hospi talis.
Procteria, Davis (In press,), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur. ' [Ety. proper name.]
inichelinoidea, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky.. in vol. 1. Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. re-
sembling Michelinia.]
papulosa, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. having
small prominences.]
Ptilograptus foliaceus, Spencer, 1878,
Can. Nat., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
leafy.]
Ptychophyllum coniferum, Davis (In
press), Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1,
Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Low. Devon-
ian. [Sig. cone bearing.]
diaphragma, Davis (In press), Foss
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. a
diaphragm.]
floriforme, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. flower formed.]
fulcratum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. stayed with props.]
infundibulum, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Sur., 40th parallel, Devonian. [Sig.
a funnel.]
invaginatum, Davis (In press). Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur , Niagara Gr. [Sig. in-
cased, cup in cup.]
Ptychophyllum ipomoea, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a morning glory.]
striatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. striated.]
tropceum. Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur.. Low. Devonian. [Sig.
returning.]
typicum, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. typical.]
versiforme, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. changeable.]
Quenstedtia, Rominger, 1876, being pre-
occupied by Morris & Lycett, in
1853, Nicholson proposed Rom-
ingeria.
Rhizograptus, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat.,
vol. 8. [Ety. riza, a root; grapho,
to write.]
bulbosus, Spencer, 1878, Can. Nat., vol.
8, Niagara Gr. [Sig. bulbous.]
Romingeria, Nicholson, 1879, Tabulate
Corals. Proposed instead of Quen-
stedtia, Rominger, which was pre-
occupied,
fascieulata, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
arranged in little bundles.]
inerustans, Davis (In press), Foss.
Cords of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian.
[Sig. incrustating.]
uva, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur v
Niagara Gr. and Devonian. [Sig.
a bunch or cluster of grapes.]
vannula, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little fan.]
Sarcinula glabra, see Lyellia glabra.
Smithia hennahi, Lonsdale, 1840 (Astraea
hennahi), Geo. Trans., vol. 5, Devon-
ian. [Ety. proper name.]
Stellipora limitaris, Ulrich, syn. for S.
antheloidea.
Strephodes austini, see Clisiophyllum aus-
tini.
pickthorni, see Cyathophyllum pick-
thorni.
Streptelasma aequidistans, Hall, 1882, Foss.
Corals, Niagara and Up. Held. Gr.,
Corniferous limestone. [Sig. equi-
distant.]
ampliatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. enlarged.]
coarctatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. compressed.]
conspicuum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. conspicuous.]
POLYPI.
273
Streptelasma crateriforme, Hall, 1882,
Foss Corals, Niagara and Up. Held.
Gr., Corniferous limestone. [Sig.
crateriform]
dissimile, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Schoharie
Grit. [Sig. dissimilar.]
exstans. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
projecting.]
fossnla, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niag-
ara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. a little ditch. 1
inflatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. inflated.]
involutum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. involuted.]
lamellatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. lamellated.]
laterarium, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. belonging to the
side.]
limitare, Hall. 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[big. that is on the border.]
mammiferum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. mamma bear-
ing-]
minimum, syn. for Duncanella borealis.
papillatum, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. papillated.]
simplex, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. simple.]
tenue, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. slender.]
Striatopora alba, Davis (In press) Foss.
Corals of Ky. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Mid. and Up. Devonian.
[Sig. White.]
formosa, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., vol.
5, Corniferous Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Stromatocerium is a sponge, and belongs to
the Protista.
Stromatopora is a sponge, and belongs to the
Protista.
alternata is Stomatopora alternata.
hindei belongs to the Niagara Gr.
Strombodes incertus, Davis (In press),
Foss. Corals of Kv - ., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky. St. Geo. Sur, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
of doubtful affinity.]
intermedins, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. inter-
mediate, between S.*pentagonus and
S. mammillatus.]
knotti, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. and Mid. Devonian. lEty.
proper name.]
Strombodes mammillatus should be written
5. mamillaris, Owen, 1840 (Astrsea
mamillaris), Rep. on Min. Lands, Ni-
agara Gr.
quadrangularis, Davis (In press). Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur. Niagara Gr. [Sig. four
angled.]
sinemurus, Davis (In press), Foss Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. without a
wall.]
unicus, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. single.]
Stylastrea, Lonsdale, 1845, Geol. and Pal.
of Russia and the Ural Mountains.
[Ety. stylos, a pillar; aster, a star.]
anna, Whitfield, 1882, Ann. N. Y. Acad.
Sci., vol. 2. Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Syringolites, Hinde, 1879, Geo. Mag. vol.
6. [Ety. syrinx, a pipe ; lithos, stone.]
huronensis, Hinde, 1879, Geo. Mag.,
vol. 6, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Syringopora aulopora, Salter, 1855, Bel-
cher's last of the Arctic Voyages,
vol. 2. Carboniferous. [Sig. a porous
pipe.]
harveyi belongs to the Choteau or Kin-
derhook Gr.
infundibulum, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. a funnel.]
intermedia is from the Ham. Gr.
parallela, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Up. Sil. [Sig.
parallel.]
stramine*, Davis (In press), Foss Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian. [Sig. a bundle
of straws.]
THAMNOGRAPTUsbartonensis, Spencer, 1878,
Can. Nat., vol. 8, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Trachypora ornata instead of Dendropora
ornata.
Trochophyllum, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal. [Ety.
trochos, a wheel; phyllon, a leaf.]
verneuilianum, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Sub-
carboniferons. [Ety. proper name.]
Zaphrentis acuta, White & Whitfield,
1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
9, Marshall or Choteau Gr. [Sig.
acute.]
annulata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. annulated.]
calcariformis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. spur formed.]
calceola, White and Whitfield, 1862 (Lo-
phophvllum calceola), Proc. Bost.
Soc, Nat. Hist., vol. 9, Marshall or
Choteau Gr. [Sig. a little shoe.]
274
POLYPI.
Zaphrextis cannonensis, Winchell, is from
the Choteau or Kinderhook Gr.
casssedayi, Milne-Edwards, 1860, Hist,
d. Corallaires, t. 3, Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name ]
centralis, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. Foss. cl. Terr. Pal., Carbon-
iferous. [Sig. central.]
cliffordana, Edwards & Haime, 1>51,
Mon. d. Pol. Foss. d. Terr. Pal., Car-
boniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
colletti, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals. Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Ety. proper name.]
complanata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. made even.]
compressa, Milne-Edwards, 1860, Hist,
d. Corallaires, t. 3, Warsaw Gr. [Sig.
compressed.]
concava, Hall. 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. concave.]
constricta, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. constricted.]
contorta, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., < orniferous
limestone. [Sig. contorted.]
convoluta, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. convoluted.]
cornalba, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur.. Up. Devonian. [Sig. white
horn.]
cornicula, Lesueur, 1820, Mem. du
Museum, vol. 1, instead of cornicu-
lum, Edwards & Haime.
corrugata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Schoharie
Grit. [Sig. corrugated.]
cristulata, Hall, 1882. Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. small crested.]
curvata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. curved.]
cyathiformis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous Gr. [Sig. cup-shaped.]
dalei, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon. d.
Pol. Foss. d. Terr. Pal., Subcarbon-
iferous. [Ety. proper name.]
denticulata, d'Eichwald, 1857. Probably
not American.
desori, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. Foss. de Terr. Pal., Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
duplicata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. duplicated.]
elegans, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. elegant.]
elliptica, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy.,in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. Devonian.. [Sig. ellip-
tical.]
Zaphrextis excentrica, Meek, 1872, Hay-
den's U. S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Coal
Meas. [Sig. excentric]
exigua, var. elongata, Davis (In press),
Foss Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal.
Ky., St. Geo. Sur., Low. Devonian.
[Sig. lengthened.]
exilis. Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Mid. Devonian. [Sig. thin, fragile.]
explanata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Up Devonian. [Sig. spread
out.]
fastigata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. pointed.]
foliata. Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. leafy.]
frequentata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. frequent. j
fusiformis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. fusiform.]
gallicalcar, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1. Pal Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Up. Devonian. [Sig.
cock's spur.]
genitiva, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. and
Quar. Jour., vol. 7, Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. original.]
gigantea, Lesueur, 1820, Mem. du
Museum, vol. 6, instead of Kafinesque.
glans refer to Hadrophyllunrglans.
gravis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. ponderous.]
halli, Edwards & Haime, Mon. d. Pol.
foss. d. Terr. Pal., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
haysi, Meek, 1865, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 2d ser., vol. 40, Low. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
herzeri, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Ety. proper name.]
immanis, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. im-
mense.]
insequalis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. unequal.]
inclinata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. inclined.]
irregularis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cor-
niferous limestone. [Sig. irregular.]
knappi, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Ety. proper name.]
latisinus, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
POLYPI.
275
agara and Up. Held. Gi\, Niagara
Gr [Sig. having a wide sinus.]
Zaphrextis linneyi, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1. Pal. Ky. St.
Geo Sur., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
niaconathi, Davis (In press). Foss. Cor-
als of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
marcoui, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol: Foss. d. Terr. Pal., Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nettlerotni, Davis (In press), Foss.
Corals of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St.
Geo. Sur., Up. Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
nitida, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. neat.]
obliqua, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
of Ky.. in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Niagara Gr. [Sig. oblique, in-
clined.]
offleyensis, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo., vol. 34, Up. Sil. [Ety. proper
name.]
ovalis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. oval.]
ovibos, Salter, 1855, Belcher's last of the
Arctic voyages, vol. 2, Carboniferous.
[Sig. the musk ox.]
patella, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Hud. Kiv. and Niagara Gr. [Sig. a
dish.]
planima, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. plane.]
ponderosa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. ponderous.]
pressula, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. somewhat compressed.]
profunda, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. profound.]
prona, Milne-Edwards, 1860, Hist. d.
Corollaires, Warsaw Gr. [Sig. bent
forward.]
pulmonea, Lesueur, 1820 (Caryophyllia
pulmonea, Mem. du Museum, vol. 6,
Carboniferous. [Sig. spongy.]
racinensis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Kep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name ]
rafinesquei, Edwards & Haime, 1851,
Mon. d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Up,
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Zaphrextis rigida, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
roemeri, Edwards & Haime, 1851, Mon.
d. Pol. foss. d. Terr. Pal., Delthyris
shale. [Ety. proper name.]
scutella, Davis vln press), Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Hud.Eiv. and Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a saucer.]
sentosa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. thorny.]
socialis, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.
Niagara Gr. [Sig. gregarious, soci-
able.]
spissa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous lime-
stone. [Sig. dense.]
subcompressa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. somewhat com-
pressed. 1
subvada, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. somewhat shallow.]
subvesicularis, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals,
Niagara and Up. Held. Gr., Niagara,
Gr. [Sig. somewhat vesicular.]
tabulata, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. tabulated.] '
torquata, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals
ofKy., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Mid. Devonian. [Sig. twisted.]
torta, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Niagara
and Up. Held. Gr., Corniferous
limestone. [Sig. twisted.]
transversa, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. transverse.]
trigemma, Davis (In press). Foss. Corals
of Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo.
Sur., Low. and Mid. Devonian. [Sig.
bearing three buds.]
trisutura, Hall, 1882, Foss Corals, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. having three
sutures.]
unica, Davis (In press), Foss. Corals of
Ky., in vol. 1, Pal. Ky. St. Geo. Sur.,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. unique, ex-
traordinary.]
venusta, Hall, 1882, Foss. Corate, Ni-
agara and Up. Held. Gr., Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. beautiful.]
276 ECHINODERMATA.
CLASS ECHINODERMATA.
ORDER CRINOIDEA.
FAMILY ACROCRINID^.— Acrocrinus.
FAMILY ACTINOCRINID^E.— Actinocrinus, Agaricocrinus, Alloprosallocrinus, Am-
phoraerinus, Batocrinus, Ctelocrinus, Dorycrinus, Eretmocrinus, Gennseocrinus,
Megistocrinus, Physetocrinus, Saccocrinus, Steganocrinus, Stereocrinus, Stroto-
crinus, Teleiocrinus.
FAMILY ALLAGECRINID^E.— Allagecrinus.
FAMILY ANCYROCRINID^E.— Ancyrocrinus.
FAMILY BELEMNOCRINID^.-Belemnocrinus.
FAMILY CALCEOCRINLTLE.— Calceocrinus, Eucheirocrinus.
FAMILY CALYPTOCRINID^E.— Eucalyptocrinus, Hypanthocrinus.
FAMILY CUPRESSOCRINID^E.— Aspidocrinus, Edriocrinue, Synbathocrinus.
FAMILY CYATHOCRINID^E.— Ampheristocrinus, Arachnocrinus, Barycrinus, Cara-
bocrinus, Cyathocrinus, Mpterocrinus, Pachyocrinus, Palfeocrinus, Vasocrinus.
FAMILY DIMEROCRINID^E.— Cytocrinus, Dolatocrinus, Macrostylocrinus.
FAMILY GASTEROCOMID^E.— Myrtillocrinus.
FAMILY GLYPTOCRINID.E.— Archadocrinus, Cupulocrinns, Glyptaster, Glypto-
crinus, Lampterocrinus, Retiocrinus, Xenocrinus.
FAMILY HAPLOCRINID^.— Coccocrinus, Haplocrinus.
FAMILY HETEROCRLNTD^E.— Erisocrinus, Graphiocrinus, Hetei*ocrinus, Iocrinus.
FAMILY HYBOCRLSriDJE.— Anomalocrinus, Hybocrinus.
FAMILY ICHTHYOORINID^E.— Cleiocrinus, Homalocrinus, Ichthyocrinus, Lecan-
ocrinus, Mespilocrinus.
FAMILY MELOCRINTD^E. — Ctenocrinus, Mariacrinus, Melocrinus, Technocrinus.
FAMILY PISOCRINID^E.— Catillocrinus, Pisocrinus.
FAMILY PLATYCRINID./E.— Cordylocrinus, Cotyledonocrinus, Dichocrinus, Euclad-
ocrinus, Marsupiocrinus, Platycrinus, Pterotocrinus, Talarocrirms.
FAMILY POTERIOCRINIDJE— Agassizocrinus, Bursacrinus, Coeliocrinus, Cromyo-
crinus, Decadocrinus, Dendrocrinus, Eupachycrinus, Homocrinue, Hydreiono-
crinus, Pachy Iocrinus, Parisocrinus, Porocrinus, Poteriocrinus, Scaphiocrinus,
Scytalocrinus, Zeacrinus.
FAMILY RHODOCRINIDiE. — Goniasteroidocrinus, Hadrocrinus, Lyriocrirms, Rho-
docrinus, Thysanocrinus.
FAMILY STELIDOCRINID^.— Schizocrinus.
FAMILY TAXOCRINID^E.— Forbesiocrinus, Onychocrinus, Taxocrinus.
FAMILY AFFINITY UNCERTAIN.— Brachiocrinus, Closterocrinus, Cystocrinus,
Dictyocrinus, Syringocrinus.
ORDER CYSTOIDEA.
FAMILY AMYGDALOCYSTID^E.— Amygdalocystites, Malocystites, Palseocystites.
FAMILY ANOMALOCYSTID^E.— Anomalocystites, Ateleocystites.
FAMILY CARYOCRINID^E.— Caryocrinus, Heterocystites.
FAMILY COMAROCYSTIDJE.— Comarocystites.
FAMILY ECHINOCYSTID^E.— Echinocystites.
ECHIXODERMATA. 277
FAMILY GOMPHOCYSTIL^E.— Gomphocystites.
FAMILY HOLOCYSTTD^.— Crinoeystites, Holocystites.
FAMILY HYBOCYSTID^E.— Hybocystites.
FAMILY LEPADOCRIXID^E.— Apiocystites, Callocystites, Echino-encrinites, Glyp-
tocystites, Lepadocrinus, Pleurocystites, Sphaerocystites.
FAMILY UXCERTAIX.— Eoeystites.
ORDER BLASTOIDEA.
FAMILY XUCLEOCRIXID^E.— Xucleocrinus.
FAMILY PEXTREMITID^E.— Blastoidocrinus, Granatocrinus, Pentremites, Troosto-
crinus.
FAMILY STEPHAXOCRIXID^E — Codaster, Codonites, Eleutherocrinus, Stephan-
ocrinus.
ORDER PERISHO-ECHINID^E.
FAMILY ARCHyEOCIDARID^E.— Archaeocidaris, Eocidaris, Lepidocldaris, Pholido-
eidaris.
FAMILY LEPIDECHIXID^.— Lepidechinus, Lepidesthes.
FAMILY PAL^ECHIXID^.— Melonites, Oligoporus, Palaechinus.
ORDER ASTEROIDEA.
FAMILY P A L^E A STERTD^B , — Onychaster, Palaeaster, Palaeasterina, Petraster,
Schaenaster, Stenaster.
ORDER OPHIUROIDEA.
Eugaster, Palaeocoma, Protaster, Ptilonaster, Teeniaster.
ORDER AGELACRINOIDEA, n. ord. and n, fam.
This order is proposed to include, so far as known, only the family Agelacrinidae, and
each may, therefore, be defined as follows :
Body thin, circular and parasitic upon other objects. The lower side consists of a
thin, smooth, attaching membrane or plate. The upper side is more or less convex, and
composed of thin, squamiform or imbricating plates, usually much smaller at the per-
iphery than toward the center. Ambulacra constituting part of the convex surface
furrowed on the interior, and composed of a double series of transverse alternating plates,
sometimes having smaller, middle, intercalated ones. Two or more rows of ambulacral
pores connect the exterior with the interior of each ambulacrum. The so-called ovarian
or anal aperture is situated in one of the inter-ambulacral areas, and is usually surrounded
by cuneiform plates forming a depressed circular prominence. The genera belonging to
this order and family are Agelacrinus, Edrioaster and Hemicy6tites.
ORDER LICHENOCRINOIDEA, n. ord. and n. fam.
This division of the fossil Echinodermata, and the family Lichenocrinidae, are
established upon the genus Lichenocrinus.
The definition of the order and family will be the same, as both are founded on a
single genus.
The body attached during part or all of its life to foreign objects. It is circular, con-
vex upon the upper side, and more or less crateriform surrounding the central stalk-like
appendage. The lower side at some period of life possessed a thin attaching plate. The
upper side is covered with numerous polygonal plates, without any evidence of the
presence of ambulacra, arms, mouth, pectinated rhombs or pores connecting the exterior
with the internal cavity. The interior of the visceral. cavity contains numerous radiating
278 ECHIXODEEMATA.
upright lamellae that support the polygonal plates of the upper side, and often leave their
impression, like the radiations of a star, upon the object to which it was attached. The
stalk rises from the central depressed area, and consists, at first, of interlocking plates,
hut, afterward, of circular ones, like those of a crinoid column, and finally tapers to a
point. It was flexible and perforated with a longitudinal channel, though the perforation
has not been satisfactorily ascertained at the upper terminating point.
ORDER MYELODA.CTYLOIDEA, n. ord.
This division of the fossil Echinodermata is established as follows :
Body free, discoidal, and possessed of an internal radiating system of pores, which
increase, by division, from the center to a tubular channel in the circular margin or sur-
rounding coil. There are two families referred to this order, the Myelodactylidae and
the Oyclocystoididae. In the former, the radiating and circular systems become com-
plicated, by the connection, between succeeding coils and through the flattened connect-
ing finger-like processes ; in the latter, the arrangement is more simple, as the interior
radiations connect with a single marginal circular system. The external form and in-
ternal structure are so essentially distinct from other well defined orders, that the tech-
nical names, used in description, have no ascertained application. That is, we can not
intelligently apply the words calyx, ambulacra,- arm, etc., to any part of these peculiar
organisms. This order has been suggested with hesitation, because there still exists a
possibility that My elodaetylus belongs, in some manner, to the vault of a crinoid, but
the author thinks there is not much probability of such connection.
FAMILY MYELODACTYLIDGE, n. /am.
This family is founded upon the single genus Myelodactylus, and defined as follows :
Body free, discoidal, and resembling a coil rolled in the same plane, and covered
upon either side by finger-like processes from each succeeding turn overlapping the
next inner one. The whorls are composed of a series of plates, having a tubular channel
within, and perforated and finger-like processes upon the exterior, directed toward the
center, and flattened down upon the next inner whorl to which they are attached, and
form a porous connection from the tubular channel of one Avhorl to the next inner one.
The cast of the pores of the inner whorl resemble the radiating spokes of a wheel : they
are multiplied in connecting the tubular channels of each succeeding whorl, thus making
the internal radiating system doubly complicated. The central aperture, if one exists,
has not been discovered, and the structure of the terminal end of the anonnlous coil is
wholly unknown. The internal radiating system of pores may be compared with that
of the family Cyclocystoididfe, and here the analogy in structure, with other families in
the class Echinodermata, so far as known, ceases. The terminal end of the coil being
unknown hus led to the suggestion of the possibility of its having been connected with
the vault of a crinoid, but as no genus is known having any such appendage, and some
classification seeming desirable, this family has been proposed. '
FAMILY CYCLOCYSTOIDID^E, n. fam.
~ This family is founded upon the single genus Cyclocystoides, and defined as follows :
Body free, consisting of a circular disk, and having a margin composed of a series of
perforated plates. Within this marginal series the disk is covered with an integument of
small plates, except, possibly, a small central aperture. The rim or marginal series
contains a tubular channel, making the complete circle, which is connected with the in-
terior, by numerous pores, that radiate from the center, and repeatedly bifurcate be-
fore reaching it. The inner side of the rim is grooved, for the reception of the internal
part of the disk, and the outer side depressed and scarred, either by mammillary eleva-
tions or concave depressions, as if for the attachment of ossicular or other processes.
The tubular channel is connected with the exterior by minute circular pores which were
probably analagous, in their purpose, to the calycine pores in the Cystidese.
ECHIXODERMATA.
271)
Acrocrixus wortheni, Waehsmuth, 1S82,
Bull. Xo. 1, 111. St. Mug. Xat. Hist.,
Coal Mess. [Ety. proper name.]
Actixocrixus andrewsanus, McChesney,
1860, Xew Pal. Foss., Up. Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety proper name.] Waehs-
nmth refers it to Batoerinus.
biturbinatus, refer to Batoerinus bitur-
binatus.
brevis, refer to Agaricocrinus brevis.
ruhjculus, refer to Batoerinus ealyculus.
co.h/culus var. hardinensis, refer to Bato-
crinus ealyculus var. haixlinensis.
caroJi, refer to Batoerinus caroli.
dfpeatus } refer to Batoerinus clypeatus.
concinnus, refer to Steganocrinus eon-
cinnus.
copei, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
coreyils from the Keokuk Gr., and was
described in 1860.
coronatus, refer to Eretmocrinus corona-
tus.
dalyanus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ectypus instead of -Strotocrinus ectypus.
jiscellus, refer to Agaricocrinus fiscellus.
hageri, refer to Batoerinus hageri.
helice, refer to Agaricocrinus helice.
helice var. eris, refer to Agaricocrinus
eris.
indianensis is from the Keokuk Gr. It
was described in 1860, and should
be referred to Batoerinus indianensis.
leucosia, refer to Eretmocrinus leucosia.
meeki, refer to Macrostylocrinus meeki.
multicornis was described in 1869, from
the Up. Held. Gr.
nashcillce, refer to Batoerinus nashvillse.
nashvillce var. subtractus, refer to Bato-
erinus nashvillae var. subtractus.
obpyramidalis, refer to Melocrinus ob-
pyramidalis.
pentaspinus was described in 1869, from
the Up. Held. Gr.
pyramidatus, refer to Agaricocrinus pyra-
midatus.
pyriformis var. rudis, being preoccupied
the fossil was afterward named Bato-
erinus pistilliformis.
ramulosus, refer to Eretmocrinus ramu-
losus.
rotundas, refer to Batoerinus rotundus.
sculptus, refer to Steganocrinus sculptus.
sillimani, is a syn. for A. scitulus.
similis, refer to Batoerinus similis.
steropes, refer to Batoerinus steropes.
tenuisculptus, McChesney, 1867, Chi.,
Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Low. Burlington
Gr. [Sig. finely sculptured.]
ventricosus, refer to Physetocrinus ven-
tricosus.
ventricosus var. cancellatus, refer to Phy-
setocrinus ventricosus var. cancella-
tus.
ventricosus var. internodus, refer to Phy-
setocrinus ventricosus var. interno-
dus.
Actixocrixus icachsmuthi, White, 1862,
syn. for A. scitulus.
wachsmuthi, White, 1880, 12th Pep. U.
S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Keokuk Gr. Ety.
proper name.]
yandelli, is from the Keokuk Gr.
Agaricocrixus americanus is found in the
Burlington and Keokuk Groups,
brevis instead of Actinocrinus brevis.
crassus, Wetherby, 1881, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
elegans, Wetherbv, 1881, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
elegant ]
eris, Hall, 1864, 17th Kep.X. Y. St. Cab.
Xat. Hist. (Actinocrinus helice var.
eris), Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
fiscellus instead of Actinocrinus fiscell-
us.
helice instead of Actinocrinus helice.
pyramidatus instead of. Actinocrinus
pyramidatus.
springeri, White, 1882, 11th Kep. Geo.
& Xat. Hist. Indiana, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Agassizocrixus hemisphericus, Worthen,
1882, Bull. Xo. 1, 111. St. Mus. Xat.
Hist., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. hemi-
spherical.]
papillatus, Worthen, 1882, Bull Xo. 1,
111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. shaped like a bud.]
Agelacrixus septembrachiatus, Miller &
Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist.,
vol. 1, Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Sig. seven
armed.]
Allagecrixus, Etheridge & Carpenter,
1881, Ann. & Mag. Xat. Hist. [Ety.
allage, a change; krinon, a lily.]
carpenteri, Wachsmuth, 1882, Bull. Xo.
1, 111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Alloprosallocrixus euconus, see Bato-
erinus euconus.
Ampheristocrixus, Hall, 1879, Desc. Xew.
Spec. Foss. [Ety. ampheristos, doubt-
ful, disputed; krinon, a lily.]
typus, Hall, 1879, Desc. Xew Spec. Foss.,
Xiagara Gr. [Sig. the type.]
Amphoracrixus planobasalis was described
in 1860, in Supp. to Geo. Kep. Iowa.
quadrispinus is a syn. for A. divergens.
Amygdalocystites huntingtoni, Wether-
by, 1881, Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat Hist.,
vol. 4, Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Axomalocrixus caponiformis, Lyon, 1S69,
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 13, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. capon formed.]
incurvus is from the Hud. Riv. Gr.
vxo.mai.ocystites balanoides is from the
Hud. Riv. Gr.
2S0
ECHINOBERMATA.
Anomaloides. Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Gin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1. This is a poorly
constructed word for a generic name,
beside the fossil is a fragment and
not understood.
reticulates, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
reticulated.]
Arachxocrlxus, Meek & Worthen, 1866,
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 2. [Ety. arachne,
a spider; krinon, a lily.]
bulbosus, instead of Cyathocrinus bul-
bosus.
extensus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Revision of the Palaeocrinoidea, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. extended.]
knappi, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Rev. of the Palaeocrinoidea, Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pisiformis, instead of Poteriocrinus pisi-
f or mis.
Arch^eocidaris dininni, White, 1880, Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 2, Up. Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
keokuk is from the Keokuk Gr.
triplex, White, 1882, Rep. Carb. Invert.
Foss. New Mex., Coal Meas. [Sig.
three-fold.]
Arcteeocrixus, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1881, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety.
archaios, ancient; krinon, a lily.] A
generic name proposed for the pur-
pose of including Glyptocrinus lacu-
nosus, G. marginatus, Thysanocrinus
microbasilis and T. pyriformis.
Barycrinus angulatus instead of Cyatho-
crinus angulatus.
bullatus instead of Cyathocrinus bulla-
tus.
cornutu6 instead of Caythocrinus cor-
nutus.
crassibrachiatus instead of Cyathocrinus
crassibrachiatus.
kelloggi instead of Cyathocrinus kel-
loggi.
magister instead of Cyathocrinus mag-
ister.
multibrachiatus instead of Cyathocrinus
multibrachiatus.
rhombiferus instead of Poteriocrinus
rhombiferus.
sculptilis instead of Cyathocrinus sculp-
ilis.
solidus instead of Cyathocrinus solidus.
spurius instead of Cyathocrinus spurius.
stellatus instead of Cyathocrinus stellat-
us.
tumidus instead of Cyathocrinus tumid-
us.
wachsmuthi instead of Cyathocrinus
wachsmuthi.
Batocrixus was described in 1854, by
Casseday, in Deutsche Zeitscher d.
Geol. Gesellsch, vol. 6.
andrewsanus instead of Actinocrinus
andrewsanus.
biturbinatus instead of Actinocrinus
biturbinatus.
Batocrixus calyculus instead of Actino-
crinus calyculus.
calyculus var. hardinensis instead of
Actinocrinus calyculus var. hardin-
ensis.
caroli instead of Actinocrinus caroli.
cType*tus instead of Actinocrinus clype-
atus.
euconus instead of Alloprosallocrinus
euconus
hageri instead of Actinocrinus hageri.
indianensis instead of Actinocrinus in-
dianehsis.
lovei, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1881,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nashvillae instead Actinocrinus nash-
villae.
nashvillae var. subtractus, instead of Ac-
tinocrinus nashvillae var. subtractus.
rotundus instead of Actinocrinus ro-
tundus.
similis instead of Actinocrinus similis.
steropes instead of Actinocrinus steropes.
whitei, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1881,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
yandefli instead of Actinocrinus yan-
delli.
Belemxocrixus fiorifer, Wachsmuth &
Springer, 1877, Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
3d ser., vol. 13, Burlington Gr. [Sig.
flower bearing.]
pourtalesi, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1877,
Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol.
13, Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper
name.
Calceockixus radiculus. Ringueberg, 1882.
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. a small root.]
Centrocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer. 1881,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Proposed as a
subgenus under Actinocrinus to in-
clude A. multicornis and A. pentas-
pinus, but the name was preoccupied
by Austin, in 1843.
Codaster gratiosus, S. A. Miller, 18S0,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. agreeable ]
hindei, Etheridge & Carpenter, 1882,
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
kentuckiensis is from the Burlington Gr.
pentalobus, see Stephanocrinus pentalo-
bus.
pulchellus, see Stephanocrinus pulchell-
us. *
Codoxites was described in 1869, in Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. It is classed by Zit-
tel, Ludwig. Carpenter, and other
European authors, as a syn. for Oro-
phocrinus, described by Von See-
bach in 1864, in Nachr. k. Gesellsch.
zu Gottingen.
gracilis should bear the same date as the
genus.
Co2liocrixus cariniferus instead of Zea-
crinus cariniferus.
ECHINODERM AT A .
Cceliocrixus lyra instead of Zeacrinus
lyra.
Comarogystites shumardi, var. obconicus,
Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Trenton Gr. [Sig. obcon-
ical.]
Cordylocrixus, Angelin, 1878, Icon. Crin.
Suec. [Ety. kordyle, a cudgel; krinon,
a lily.]
parvus instead of Platycrinus parvus,
plumosus instead of Platycrinus plum-
osus.
ramulosus instead of Platycrinus ram-
ulosus.
Crinosoma antiqua, Castelnau, 1843, Syst.
Sil. Probably a fucoid.
Cromyocrixus, Trautschold, 1867, Crin.
jung. Bergkalkes bei Moskaw. [Ety.
kromyon, an onion; krinon, a lily.]
gracilis, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Fat, Hist., vol. 2, KaskaskiaGr. [Sig.
slender.]
Cupulocrixus, D'Orbigny, 1850. Prodr. d.
Pal. Proposed instead of Seypho-
crinus, Hall, that was preoccupied,
heterocostalis instead of Scyphocrinus
heterocostalis.
Cyathocrixus aemulus, Hall, 1879, Desc.
new spec, foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
emulous.]
angulatus refer to Barycrinus angulatus.
barydactvlus, 'Wachsmuth & Springer,
1878/ Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Up.
Burlington Gr. [Sig. heavy fingered.]
bulbosus refer to Barycrinus bulbosus.
crassibrachiatus refer to Barycrinus cras-
sibrachiatus.
crassus refer to Eupachycrinus crassus.
crawfordsvillensis, S. A. Miller, 1882,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5,
Keokuk, Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
decadactylus was described in 1860, Am.
Jour/ Sci., vol. 29, and from the
Keokuk Gr.
fasciatus refer to Macrostylocrinus fasci-
atus.
gilesi, "Wachsmuth & Springer, 1878,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hamiltonensis. Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
han-isi, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
harrod'i, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
hexadactylus was described in 1860, from
the Keokuk Gr.
inaequidactylus, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Sp. Foss. from Ohio, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. unequal fingered.]
inflexus, Geinitz, refer to Erisocrinus in-
flexus.
insperatus is from the Keokuk Gr.
kelloggi, refer to Barycrinus kelloggi.
magister, refer to Barycrinus magister.
Cyathocrixus marshallensis, Worthen,
1882, Bull. No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat.
Hist., Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
multibrachiatus, refer to Barycrinus mul-
tibrachiatus.
nucleus instead of Dendrocrinus nucleus.
pusillus, refer to Lecanocrinus pusillus.
rarus was described in 1869, from the
Up. Held. Gr.
sangamonensis, refer to Eupachycrinus
sangamonensis.
sculptilis, refer to Barycrinus sculptilis.
solidus, refer to Barycrinus solidus.
somersi, Whitfield," 1882, Desc. New
Spec, from Ohio Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
spurius, refer to Barycrinus spurius.
stellatus, refer to Barycrinus stellatus.
stillativus, White, 1880, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 2, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig.
dropping.]
tenuibrachiatus, Lyon, 1869, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 13, Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. slender armed.]
tumidus, see Barycrinus, tumidus.
vanhornei, S. A." Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
wachsmuthi, see Barycrinus wachsmuthi.
waldronensis, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal. No. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Cyclocystoides bellulus, Miller & Dyer,
1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
magnus, Miller & Dver, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. large.]
minus, Miller & Dyer, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. small.]
mundulus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. neat, trim.]
parvus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. little.]
C ytocrixus may be restored, as it is doubt-
ful about its being a syn. for Macro-
stylocrinus,
Dexdrocrixus ancilla, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a
hand-maid.]
curtus, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
short.]
erraticus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4", Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. a wanderer.] ,
navigiolum, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Utica
Slate Gr. [Sig. a small vessel.]
nucleus, refer to Cyathocrinus nucleus.
Decadocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. dekas,
. number of ten ; krinon, a lily.] A
proposed subgenus of Poteriocrinus .
282
ECHIXODERMATA.
Dichocrinus constrictus is from the War-
saw Group.
coxanus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
elegans, Casseday & Lyon, was preoccu-
pied by De Koninck & Lehon in 1853,
but the species is referred to the ge-
nus Talarocrinus, by Wachsmuth &
Springer.
hamiltonensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ornatus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1881,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. ornate.] This name was pro-
posed instead of D. sculptus, Casse-
day & Lyon, because the latter name
was preoccupied.
sculptus, Casseday & Lyon. The name
was preoccupied by De Koninck &
Lehon in 1853, see D. ornatus.
Dolatocrinus marshi was described in
1869, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 13,
Up. Held. Gr.
ornatus, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Corniferous Gr. [Sig. ornament-
ed.]
Dorycrintts, Rcemer, 1854, Archiv. f.
Naturgesch Jahrg, vol. 19, p. 207.
lineatus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. lined.]
Eretmocrixus adultus, Wachsmuth &
Springer, 1881, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. adult.]
coronatus instead of Actinocrinus cor-
onatus.
intermedins, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1881, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
leucosia instead of Actinocrinus leucosia.
originarius, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1881, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. original.]
ramulosus instead of Actinocrinus ramu-
losus.
varsouviensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus Nat. Hist., Warsaw
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Erisocrinus hemisphericus instead of
Poteriocrinus hemisphericus.
inflexus, Geinitz, 1866 (Cyathocrinus in-
flexus), Carb. und Dyas, Coal Meas.
[Sig. curving.]
planus, White, 1880, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., Coal. Meas. [Sig. even.]
Eucalyptocrinus constrictus, Hall, 1879,
syn. for E. tuberculatus.
depressus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. depressed ]
egani, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
ovalis instead of ovatus.
proboscidalis, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. having a proboscis.]
Eucalyptocrixus rotundus, S. A. Miller,
1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
5, Niagara Gr. [Sig. rotund.]
tuberculatus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. tuberculated.]
turbinatus, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. turbinate.]
Eucladocrixls, Meek, 1871, U. S. Geo.
Sur. Terr. [Ety. eu, very ; klados, a
branch; krinon, a lily.]
millebrachiatus, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1878, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burling-
ton and Keokuk Gr. [Sig. many-
armed.]
montanensis, Meek, 1871, Hayden'sRep.
U. S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Subcarbonifer-
ous. [Ety. proper name.]
pleuroviminus instead of Platycrinus
pleuroviminus.
Eupachycrenus asperatus, Worthen, 1882,
Bull. No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Kaskaskia, Gr. [Sig. roughened.]
crassus instead of Cyathocrinus crassus.
formosus instead of Zeacrinus formosus.
germanus, S. A, Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. near of kin.]
monroensis, Worthen, 1882. Bull. No. 1,
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
quatnoi-decembrachialis instead of Gra-
phiocrinus quatnordecembrachialis,
and from Kaskaskia Gr.
sangamonensis instead of Cyathocrinus
sangamonensis.
spartarius, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. of or belonging to a broom.]
subtumidus instead of Zeacrinus subtu-
midus.
Forbesiocrixus asteriformis, refer to Ony-
chocrinus asteriformis .
communis, refer to Taxocrinus communis.
giddingi, refer to Taxocrinus giddingi.
jnvenis, refer to Taxocrinus juvenis.
kelloggi, refer to Taxocrinus kelloggi.
lobatus, refer to Taxocrinus lobatus.
lobatus var. tardus, refer to Taxocrinus
lobatus var. tardus.
meeki, refer to Taxocrinus meeki, from
Keokuk Gr.
multibrachiatus, [refer to Taxocrinus rnul-
tibrachiatus.
parvus, Wetherby, 1879. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
small.]
ramulosus, refer to Onychocrinus rarnu-'
losus.
shumardanus, refer to Taxocrinus shu-
mardanus.
whitfieldi, refer to Taxocrinus whitfieldi.
Qennceocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1882,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. gennaios,
of noble origin ; krinon, a Yily.] This
ECHINODERMATA.
was proposed to include certain
species of Actinocrinus from the Ham-
ilton Group, to-wit: A. calypso, A.
caaaedayi, A. cauliculus, A. eucharis,
A. kentuckiensis, and A. nyssa.
Glyptastek egani, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
occidentals, var. crebescens, Hall, 1879,
28th Eeg. Kep., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
abundant.]
Glyptocrlxus annularis, Miller & Dyer,
Jour. Cin. hoc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. angular.]
cognatus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. near to, cognate.]
dyeri, var. sublsevis, S. A. Miller, 1878,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
smooth.]
gracilis, Wetherby, 1881 (Reteoerinus
gracilis), Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. slender.]
harrisi, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
iniamiensis, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pattersoni, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Utica Slate
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
richardsoni, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
eculptus, S- A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. carved.]
shafteri var. germanus, S. A. Miller, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. near of kin.] I
believe this is a distinct species, and
will therefore become G. germanus.
Graxatocrixus missouriensis and G.
roemeri, should be referred to the
Choteau or Kinderhook Gr.
Graphiocrixus carbonarius instead of
Scaphiocrinus carbonarius.
mcadamsi instead of Scaphiocrinus
mcadamsi.
quatuordecembrachicUis, refer to Eupachy-
crinus quatiiordecembrachialis, and
to the Kaskaskia Gr.
rudis instead of Scaphiocrinus rudis.
simplex instead of Scaphiocrinus sim-
plex,
spinobrachiatus instead of Scaphiocrinus
spinobrachiatus\
striatus instead of Scaphiocrinus striatals.
tortuosus instead of Scaphiocrinus tor-
tuosus.
wachsmuthi instead of Scaphiocrinus
wachsmuthi.
Heterocrixus crassus, refer to Iocrinus
crass us.
geniculatus, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate
Gr. [Sig. genie ulatetl.]
Heterocrixus milleri, Wetherby, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
oehanus, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pentagonus, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. pentagonal.]
subcrassus, refer to Iocrinus subcrassus.
vaupeli, Wetherby, 1881. I am unable to
recognize this species. It appears to
be founded upon a fragment of H.
simplex.
Holocystites baculus, S. A. Miller, 1879,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Ni-
agara Gr.' [Sig. a staff.]
brauni, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
dyeri, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
elegans, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. elegant.]
globosus, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. globose.]
jolietensis, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
ornatus, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. ornate.]
perlongus, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. verv long.]
plenus, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
rSig. full, large.]
pustulosis, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. full of pustules.]
rotundus, S. A. Miller. 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. rotund.]
subrotundus, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. subrotuud.]
tumidus, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. tumid.] /
turbinatus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. turbinate.]
ventricosus, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
wetherbyi, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Homocrixus, angustatus instead of an-
gustus, from Hud. Riv. Gr.
Hybocystites, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin.
ECH INODERM ATA.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3. [Ety. Jiubos,
hump-backed; kustis, a bladder.]
Hybocystites problematicus, Wetherby,
1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
3, Trenton Gr. [Sig. problematical.]
Hydreioxocrixus, De Koninck, 1858, Bull.
Acad. Royale Belgique, 2me serie,
tome 3. Messrs. Wachsmuth & Spring-
er refer to this genus Zeacrinus
acanthophorus, Z. armiger, Z. de-
pressus, Z. discus and Z. mucrospinus.
Ichthyocrinus nobilis, Wachsmuth &
Springer, 1878, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Upper Burlington and Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. noble.]
Iocrinus, Hall, 1864, Advance sheets, 24th
Reg. Hep. N. Y. [Ety. io, in triumph ;
Jcrinon, a lily.]
crassus instead of Heterocrinus crassus.
subcrassus instead of Heterocrinus, sub-
crassus.
Lampterocrinus parvus, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
little.]
Lecanocrinus pusillus, Hall, 1863 (Cya-
thocrinus pusillus) Trans. Alb. Inst.,
vol. 4, Niagara Gr. [Sig. very small.]
pusillus, Winchell & Marcy, syn. for L.
pusillus. Hall.
Lecythiocrinus, White, 1880, Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., vol. 2. [Ety. lekuthion, a small
oil flask; krinon, a lily.] This name
was preoccupied by Muller in 1858,
and by Zittel in 1879.
. adarnsi, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
olliculceformis, White, 1880, Proc. U. S.
Nat. Mus., vol. 2, Upper Coal Meas.
[Sig. like a little pot.]
Lepidesthes colletti, White, 1878, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
formosus, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
Lichexocrixus affinis, S. A. Miller, 1882,
Jour., Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. related to, from
resemblance to L. crater iformis.]
dubius, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. doubtful.]
pattersoni, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Lyriocrixus melissa instead of Rhodo-
crinus melissa.
sculptus, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara or
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
Macrostylocrixus fasciatus instead of
Cyathocrinus fasciatus.
fusibrachiatus, Ringueberg, 1882. Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Wist., vol. 5, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. from the fusiform arms.]
meeki instead of Actinocrinus meeki.
striatus var. granulosus, Hall, 1879, 28th
Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. gran-
ulous.]
Marsupiocrixus tennesseensis instead of
Platycrinus tennesseensis.
tentaculatus instead of Platycrinus ten-
taculatus.
Megistocrixus infelix, refer to Saccocrinus
infelix.
marcouanus, refer to Saccocrinus mar-
couanus.
necis, refer to Saccocrinus necis.
nodosus, Barris, 1879, Proc. Davenport
Acad., Nat. Sci., Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
nodose.]
parvirostris is a syn. for M. plenus.
pileatus, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. covered with a cap.]
spinosus should be stricken out.
Melocrintjs clarkei, Williams, 1882, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
obpyramidalis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865
(Actinocrinus obpyramidalis), Mem.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. obpyramidal.]
Myelodactylus bridgeportensis, S. A.
Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 3, Niagara Gr. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
Oligoporus coreyi, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Ollacrinus, Cumberland, 1826, Appendix to
Reliquiae Conservata. Figured with-
out description, and subsequently de-
clared by Koninck & Lehon to be a
Rhodocrinus. Wachsmuth & Springer
claim priority for this name over Go-
niasteroidocrinus, without good rea-
son, however, and contrary to the
laws of nomenclature, as shown by
Meek in 111. Geo. Sur., vol. 2, p. 217.
Oxychocrinus asteriaeformis instead of For-
besiocrinus asteriaeformis.
distensus, Worthen, 1882. Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. distended.]
meeki, refer to Taxocrinus meeki, and to
Keokuk Gr.
ramulosus instead of Forbesiocrinus ram-
ulosus.
whitfieldi, refer to Taxocrinus whitfieldi.
Pachy Iocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. pachylos,
thick; krinon, a lily.] A proposed
subgenus of Poteriocrinus, founded
upon the form of the body.
Pal2Easter elarkanus^ S. A. Miller, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.' 3,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clarki, S. A. Miller, refer to Palaeaster
clarkanus.
crawfordsvillensis, S. A. Miller, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
dubius, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to
ECHINODERMATA.
285
Pal., No. 2, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
doubtful.]
Pal^easter exculptus, S. A. Miller, 1881,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4,
Hud. Riv. Gr. LSig. chiseled out.]
finei, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
harrisi, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat, Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
longibrachiatus, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. long armed.]
miamiensis, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
simplex, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
• spinulosis, Miller & Dyer, 1878. Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. full of spines.]
Pal^easterixa approximata, Miller & Dyer,
1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. near to.]
speciosa. Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
Parisocrimts, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. parisos,
resembling ; krinon, a lily.] A pro-
posed subgenus under Poteriocrinus.
Pextremites angularis, and P. robustus,
are from the Kaskaskia Group,
bipyramidalis, P. clavatus, P. grosve-
nori, P. lineatus, P. reinwardti, P.
subcylindricus, P. subtruncatus , and
P. wortheni, are referred to the sub-
genus Troostocrinus.
abbreviatus, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. abbreviated.]
basilaris, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. relating to the base.]
broadheadi, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
chesterensis, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name ]
clavatus, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci , vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. clavated.]
hemisphericus, Hambach, 1880, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. hemispherical.]
nodosus, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. nodose.]
potteri, Hambuch, 1880, Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
-spinosus, Hambach, 1880, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 4, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. spinous.]
sulcatus, is said by Hambach to be a
syn. for P. laterniformis. The latter
was founded upon a cast.
Pereichocrinus, Austin, 1843, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., vol. 11. Not denned so as
to be recognized,though some authors,
disregarding the rules of nomencla-
ture, have used the name in an at-
tempt to supplant, with it, Sacco-
crinus.
Physetocrinus ornatus instead of Actino-
crinus ornatus.
ventricosus instead of Actinocrinus ven-
tricosus.
ventricosus var. cancellatus instead of
. Actinocrinus ventricosus var. cancel-
latus.
ventricosus var. internodus instead of
Actinocrinus ventricosus var. inter-
nodus.
reticulatus instead of Actinocrinus retic-
ulatus.
Pisocrksus, DeKoninck, 1S58, Bull. Acad.
Roy. Belgique, 2meser.,tome3. [Ety.
pisos, a pea; krinon, a lily.]
gemmiformis, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. bud shaped.]
Platycrines bloomfleldensis, S. A. Miller,
1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
2, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
bonoensis, White, 1878, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
leai was described in 1869, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 13, from Up. Held. Gr.
monroensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., St. Louis
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
montanaensis, refer to Eucladocrinus
• montanensis.
multibrachiatus, is from the Burlington
Group.
ornigranulus, McChesney, 1860, Desc.
JNew Pal. Foss., Burlington Gr. [Sig.
having granules.]
parvus, refer to Cordylocrinus parvus.
pleurovimineus, refer to Eucladocrinus
pleurovimineus .
plumosus, refer to Cordylocrinus plumo-
sus.
poculum, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. a cup.]
praenuntius, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1878, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. a harbinger.]
pratteni, Worthen, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
ramulosus, refer to Cordylocrinus ramu-
losus.
siluricus, Hall, 1879, Desc New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
tennesseensis, refer to Marsupiocrinus
tenne6seensis.
tentaculatus, refer to Marsupiocrinus ten-
taculatus.
vexabilis, white, 1875, Wheeler's U. S.
286
ECHINODEEMATA.
Sur. W. 100th. Meridian, Subcarbon-
iferous. [Sig. disturbed.]
PoROCRraus crass us, is from the Hud. Eiv.
Gr., and P. pentagonus, from the
Trenton Gr.
smithi, Grant, 1831, Trans. Ottawa Field
Naturalists' Club, No. 2, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Poteriocrintjs anomalos, Wetherby, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Kas-
kaskia Group. [Sig. anomalous.]
arachnseformis, Worthen, 1882, Bull.
No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keo-
kuk Gr. [Sig. spider-like.]
asper, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. rough.]
asperatus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. made rough, uneven.]
briareus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111., St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. mythological name.]
burketi, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.,
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
calyx, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec. Foss.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. a cup.]
clarkei, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
claytonensis, Worthen, 1882. Bull No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
clytis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111. St.
Mus. Nat. Hist., St. Louis Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
columbiensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cornellanus, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
coxanus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
cylindricus was described in 1869 from
the Up. Held. Gr.
davisanus, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
fountainensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., St. Louie
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gregarius, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Sig. gre-
garious.]
hamiltonensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hernisphericus, refer to Erisocrinws hem-
isphericus.
illinoisensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Warsaw Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
iowensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
III. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Poteriocrinus iesupi, Whitfield, 1881,
Bull. No. 1, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Burlington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
kaskaskensis, Worthen, 1882. Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
latidactylus. Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. wide armed.]
millen, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat Hist., vol. 3, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
nauvooensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
occidentalis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. western.]
okawensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist.. Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
orestes, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
otterensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
peculiaris, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. peculiar.]
penicilliformis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. like a painter's brush,]
pisiformis, refer to Arachnocrinus pisi-
fbrmis.
popensis, Worthen, 1S82, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
posticus, refer to Dendrocrinus posticus,
propinquus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. near to.]
rhombiferus, refer to Barycrinus rhombi-
ferus.
richfieldensis, Worthen, 1832, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kinder-
hook Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
salteri, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia Gr.
(Ety. proper name.]
sculptus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
similis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
similar.]
simplex was described in 1869 from the
Up. Held. Gr.
spinobrachiatus, Worthen, 1S82, Bull.
No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. spine armed.]
subramulosus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1. 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. somewhat full of branches.]
talboti, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111. St.
Mus. Nat. Hist., St. Louis Gr. [Ety..
proper name. J
tentaculatus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
ECHIXODERMATA.
111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. tentacled.]
Poteriocrixus tenuidactylus, Worthen,
1882, Bull. Xo. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat.
Hist., Keokuk Gr. [Sig. slender-
fingered.]
validus, Worthen. 1882, Bull. Xo. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Warsaw Gr.
[Sig strong.]
varsouviensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1, 111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist., Warsaw
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
venustus. Worthen, 1882, Bull Xo. 1,
111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist., Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. heautiful.]
wachsmuthi refer to Graphiocrinus
wachsmuthi.
wetherbyi, S. A. Miller, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia
Gr. rEty. proper name.]
zethus, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad. Xat.
Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
Protaster flexuosus, Miller & Dyer, 1878,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 1,
I'rica Slate and Hud. River Gr. [Sig.
full of turnings.]
miamiensis, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Protasterina, Ulrich, syn. for Protaster.
fimbriata, Ulrich, syn. for Protaster
flexuosus.
Pterotocrixus acutus, Wetherby, 1879,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 2,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. acute.]
bifureatus, Wetherby, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. bifurcated.]
cornigerus, refer to Talarocrinns corni-
gerus.
aexlobatus, refer to Talarocrinus sexlo-
batus.
spatulatus, Wetherby, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 2, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. spatulate.]
Retiocrixus gracilis, Wetherby, see Glyp-
tocrinus gracilis.
Rhodocrixus coxanns, Worthen, 1882,
Bull., Xo. 1, 111. St. Mus. Xat. Hist.,
Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
melissa, refer to Lyrioerinus melissa.
vesperalis, White, 1880, Proc. U. S., Xat.
Mus., vol. 2, Upper Coal Meas. (?)
[Sig. belonging to evening.]
Saccocrixus egani, S. A. Miller, 1881,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
infelix, AVinchell & Marcy, 1865 (Megis-
tocrinus infelix), Mem. Bost. Soc.
Xat. Hist., Xiagara Gr. [Sig. un-
happy.]
marcouanus, Winchell & Marcy, 1365
(Megistocrinus marcouanus), Mem.
Bost. Soc. Xat. Hist., Xiagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
necis, Winchell & Marcy, 1865 (Megis-
tocrinus necis), Mem. Bost. Soc. Xat.
Hist., Niagara Gr. [Sig. death.]
Saccocrixus pyriformis, S. A. Miller,
1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol.
5, Niagara Gr. [Sig. pear shaped.]
urniformis, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 4, Xiagara Gr.
[Sig. urn shaped.]
Scaphiocrixus ' carbonarius, refer to Gra-
phiocrinus carbonari us.
gibsoni, White, 1878, Proc. Acad. Xat.
Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gurleyi, White, 1878, Proc. Acad. Xat.
Sci., Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
macadamsi, refer to Graphiocrinus mac-
adamsi.
rudis, refer to Graphiocrinus rudis.
simplex, refer to Graphiocrinws simplex. '
spinifer, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 3, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
spine bearing.]
spinobrachiatus, refer to Graphiocrinus
spinobrachiatus
striatus, refer to Graphiocrinus striatus.
tortuosus, refer to Graphiocrinus tortu-
osus.
wachsmuthi, refer to Graphiocrinus wach-
smuthi.
Scyphocrinus, Hall. This name was pre-
occupied by Zenker in 1833, andD'Or-
bigny proposed instead of it Cupulo-
crinus.
heterocostalis refer to Cupulocrinus heter-
ocos talis.
Scytalocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer, 1879,
Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci. [Ety. skutale,
a staff or club; krinon, a lily.] A
subgenus of Poteriocrinus of doubtful
utility.
wachsmuthi, Wetherby, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 3, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Stegaxocrixus concinnus instead of Ac-
tinocrinus concinnus
sculptus. Hall, instead of Actinocrinus
sculptus.
Stephaxocrixus osgoodensis, S. A. Miller,
1879, Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist . vol.
2, Xiagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pentalobus, Hall, 1879 (Codaster penta-
lobus), Uesc. XeAv Spec. Foss., Xi-
agara Gr. [Sig. five lobed.]
pulchellus, Miller & Dyer, 1878 (Codas-
ter pulchellus), Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat.
Hist., vol. 1, Xiagara Gr, [Sig. beau-
tiful.]
Stereocrixus, Barris, 1879, Proc. Daven-
port Acad. Sci., vol. 2. [Ety. stereos,
firm; krinon, a lily.]
triangularis, Barris, 1879, Proc. Daven-
port Acad. Sci., vol. 2, Upper Helder-
berg Gr. [Sig. triangular.]
triangulatus var. liberatus, Barris, 1879,
Proc. Davenport Acad. Sci., vol. 2.
Upper Helderberg Gr. [Sig. fur-
rowed.]
ECHINODERMATA.
STROTOCRiNUSbloomfieldensis, S. A. Miller,
1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
2, Keokuk Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ectypus, refer to Actinocrinus ectypus.
Synbathocrinus granuliferus, Wetherby,
1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
2, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. granule
bearing.]
oweni is from the Kinderhook Gr.
robustus is from the Keokuk Gr.
T^eniaster elegans, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. elegant.]
Talarocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer,
1881, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety.
talaros, a basket; krinon, a lily.]
cornigerus instead of Dichocrinus cor-
nigerus.
elegans instead of Dichocrinus elegans.
ovatus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig/ovate.]
sexlobatus instead of Dichocrinus sexlo-
batus.
symmetricus instead of Dichocrinus
symmetricus.
Taxocrinus communis instead of Forbesio-
crinus communis,
curtus, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci , Chemung Gr. [Sig. short.]
fletcheri, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
giddingi instead of Forbesiocrinus gid-
dingi.
ithacensis, Williams, 1882, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
juvenis instead of Forbesiocrinus juvenis.
kelloggi instead of Forbesiocrinus kel-
loggi.
lobatus instead of Forbesiocrinus lobatus.
lobatus var. tardus instead of Forbesio-
crinus lobatus var. tardus,
meeki instead of Forbesiocrinus meeki.
multibrachiatus instead of Forbesiocrin-
us multibrachiatus.
Taxocrinus multibrachiatus var. colletti,
White, 1881, 2d Ann. Rep. Bureau of
Statistics of Indiana, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name]
shumardanus instead of Forbesiocrinus
shumardanus.
whitfieldi Instead of Forbesiocrinus whit-
fieldi.
Teleiocrinus, Wachsmuth & Springer, 1881,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Ety. teleios,
perfect; krinon, a lily.] A subgenus
of Strotocrinus, of doubtful utility.
Troostocrinus, Shumard, 1865, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol 2. [Ety. prop-
er name.] A proposed subgenus of
Pentremites.
Vasocrinus lyoni, instead of Cyathocrinus
lyoni.
macropleurus instead of Cyathocrinus
macropleurus.
Xenocrinus, S A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4. [Ety. xenos,
strange, new; krinon, a lily.]
penicillus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. a painter's brush.]
Zeacrinus cariniferus, refer to Coeliocrinus
cariniferus.
compactilis is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
coxanus, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
crassus, refer to Eupachycrinus crassus.
formosus, refer to Eupachycrinus for-
mosus.
keokuk, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Keokuk Gr. [Ety.
proper name ]
lyra, refer to Coelioerinus lyra.
moorei, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.New Spec.
Foss. from Ohio, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
pikensis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1, 111.
St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Burlington Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
subtumidus, refer to Eupachycrinus sub-
tumidus.
BRYOZOA.
SUBKINGDOM MOLLUSCA.
CLASS BRYOZOA.
Acaxthoceadia, King, 1849, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d ser., vol. 3, p. 389.
[Ety. akantha, a spine; klados, a
branch.]
amerieana, Swallow, 1858, Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Permian.
[Ety. proper name.]
Alecto was preoccupied by Leach in the
class Echinodermata, when Lam-
oureux used it, and hence Stomato-
pora is used in its place,
canadensis, see Aulopora canadensis.
Ami'i.exopora. Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. am-
plexus, an encircling; porus, a pore.]
cingulata, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat Hist, vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. encircled.]
septosa, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2 (Atactopora sep-
tosa), Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. parti-
tioned.] Mr. Ulrich also refers to
this genus Monticulipora discoidea.
Arthroclema spiniforme, Ulrich, 1882,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. spiniform.]
Arthronema, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. arthron, a
joint; nema, a thread.]
curtum, Ulrich. 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. short.]
tenue. James, as figured by Ulrich, 1882
(Helopora tennis), Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton and Utica
Slate Gr. [Sig. thin.]
Ascodictyox, Nicholson, 1877, Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 19.
[Ety. askos, a leather bottle ; dictyon,
a net.]
fusiforme, Nicholson, 1877, Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist , 4th ser., vol. 19,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. fusiform]
stellatum, Nicholson, 1877, Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 19,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. starred.]
Atactopora. Ulrich. 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. atactos,
without regularity ; porus, a pore.]
hirsuta, Ulrich, 1879. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. rough.]
maculata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. spotted.]
multigranosa, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. many grained.]
mundula, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. neat.]
Atactopora septosa, see Amplexopora
septosa.
subramosa, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. somewhat branchy.]
tenella, Ulrich, 1879. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist , vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. neat.]
Batostoma, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, founded upon Mon-
ticulipora jamesi, and M. implicate.
Batostomella, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, founded upon
Monticulipora gracilis, M. granuli-
fera, and Trematopora annulifera.
Berexicea, Lamoureux, 1821, Exp. Meth.
des. genres d. pol., p. 80. [Ety.
mythological name.]
primitiva. Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. primitive.]
vesiculosa, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist. , vol. 5, Utica Slate or Lower
part Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. vesiculous.]
Bythopora, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to
Pal., No. 2. [Ety. buthos, depths of
the sea; poros, a pore.]
arctipora instead of Ptilodictya arctipora.
fruticosa, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.' to
Pal., No. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
shrubby.]
nashvillensis. S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Callopora aculeolata, Hall, 1881, Bryozo-
ans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
thorny.]
cervicornis. Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig stag horned.]
cincinnatensis, Ulrich, 1878. Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
diversa, Hall, 1879 Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. diverse.]
exsul instead of Alveolites exsul.
irregularis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig irregular.]
minutissima, Nicholson. 1875. Pal. Prov.
Ont , Ham Gr. [Sig. very minute.]
multiseriata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having many
series.]
subplana, Ulrich. 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. somewhat level] Mr. Ulrich
refers to this genus Monticulipora ra-
mosa, M. dalei, M. sigillarioides, M.
nodulosa, and M. andrewsi.
290
BKYOZOA.
Ceramopora explanata, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
spread out.]
nothiis, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. spurious.]
raripora, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having few
pores.]
Clathropora intermedia, Nicholson &
Hinde, 1874, Can. Jour., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
Cloxopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. klonos, confu-
sion; poros, pore.]
incurva, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. incurved ]
semireducta. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. half drawn back.]
Crateripora, Ulrich, 1879. C. erecta, C. line-
ata, and C. lineata var. expansa, repre-
sent basal fragments of Bryozoa, and
are not entitled to rank as species.
Crisina scrobiculata, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans
of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
small furrows.]
Cvstodictya, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. kustis, a
bladder; dictyon, a net.]
ocellata, Ulrich", 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
having little eyes.]
Cystopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. kustis, a bladder ;
poros, a pore.]
geniculate, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. geniculated.]
Dicranopora, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. dikranos,
two pointed; poros, a pore.]
lata, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Biv. Gr. [Sig.
wide.]
trentonensis, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Eridopora, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. eridos, in dis-
pute; poros, a pore.]
macrostoma, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
long mouth.]
punctifera, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
bearing punctures ]
Escharopoea angusta, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
narrow. ]
Diplotrypa milleri, Ulrich, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Discotrypa, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, founded upon Che-
tetes elegans.
Fexestelea acaulis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans
of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. without a
stem.]
aculeata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. thorny.]
Fexestelea adnata, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans
of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. close to.]
sequalis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. equal ]
ambigua, Hall, 1879, 28th Beg. Bep., Ni-
agara Gr. [ Sig. doubtful. ]
angulata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. angular.]
anonyma, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. nameless.]
arctica, Salter, 1855, Belcher's last Arctic
Voyage, vol. 2, Carboniferous.' [Sig.
bellistriata, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. beautifully
striated.]
bi-imbricaU. Hull, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up Held. Gr. [Sig. double, im-
bricated.]
biseriata. Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a double
series.]
biserrulata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. double ser-
rulated.]
brevisulcata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a
short furrow.]
celsipora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having high
pores.]
celsipora var. minima, Hall, 1881, Bryo-
zoans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
the least.]
celsipora var. minor, Hall, 1881, Bryozo-
ans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. less.]
conferta, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. pressed
together.]
conjunctiva, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. connecting.]
corticata. F. intermedia, F. subreti-
formis, F. trituberculata and F.
variabilis, are from the Coal Meas.
cribrosa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. sieve like.]
cultellata, Hall, 1881, Bvyozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. being like a
little knife.]
cultrata, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. knife-formed.]
curvijunctura. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. curve junc-
ture.]
cylindracea, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. like a cylinder.]
davidsoni instead of F. dawsoni.
depressa, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. depressed]
distans, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. distant.]
elegantissima, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held.Gr. [Sig. most elegant.]
erectipora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having erect
pores.]
fastigata Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. pointed.]
BBYOZOA.
291
Fexestella favosa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans
of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. honey-
comb like. J
nabelliforniis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. fan like.]
granifera, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. grain bearing.]
granilinea, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. grain lined.]
granulosa, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Bep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Biv. Gr. [Sig.
full of grains,]
hexagonah's, Hall,. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. hexagonal.]
hexagonalis var. foraminulosa, Hall,
1881, Bryozoans of the Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. full of openings ]
interrupta, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. interrupted.]
largissima. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. largest.]
lata, Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. wide.]
latijunctura, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. wide jointed.]
levinodata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having smooth
knots.]
lineanoda, Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig having lined
knots.]
lunulata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. resembling a
small crescent.]
mutabilis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. changeable.]
nervia. [Sig. having strong ribs, instead
of proper name.]
nexa Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. interlaced.]
oxfordensis, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Biv. Gr.
[Ety. proper nnme.]
parallella, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. parallel.]
perangulata. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very angu-
lar.]
permarginata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a
large border.]
pernodosa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very nodose.]
perplexa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. intricate.]
pertenuis, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. very thin.]
pertenuis, Hall, 1881. The name "was pre-
occupied. See F. proutana.
perundata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very wavy.]
porosa, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig full of pores.]
prolixa. Hall, 1879. Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niag. Gr. [Sig. Stretched out.]
propria. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. proper.]
proutana, n. sp., Up. Held. Gr. Named
in respect for the work of Dr. Hiram
A. Prout. Proposed instead of F.
pertenuis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr., page 29, which
was preoccupied.
Fenestella quadrangularis, Hall, 1881,
Bryozoans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
quadrangular.]
rhombifera, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. rhomb bearing.]
rigida, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
robusta. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. robust.]
semirotunda, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. half rotund.]
serrata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. serrated.]
singularitas, Hall, 1S81, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. single.]
stellata, Hall, 1881, Bryozans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. starred.]
stipata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. pressed together.]
striatopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having striae
and pores. ]
submutans. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat chang-
ing.]
substriata. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat stri-
ated ]
tantulus, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. so little.]
tegulata, Hall. 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. tiled.]
torta, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. twisted.]
variopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having different
pores.]
Glaucoxome nodata, Hall, 1881 , Bryozoans
of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. knotty.]
sinuosa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. sinuous.]
tenuistriata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the "Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. fine lined.]
Gorgonia anticorum, Castelnau, 1843, Syst.
Sil. Not recognized.
retiformis, Hall, 1843, Geo. 4th Dist. N.
Y , Niagara Group. Supposed to be
a Graptolite.
siluriana, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
Graptodictya, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. grapho,
to write; dictyon, a net.] I am un-
able to distinguish the generic differ-
ence between this and Stictopora.
nitida, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Biv. Gr. [Sig.
neat.]
Hemithypa duhia, Hall, 1876, is a Fenes-
tella, and the name dubia being pre-
occupied, the species is called F.
ambigua.
292
BRYOZOA.
Homotrypa, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. homos,
similar: try pa, a perf oration.]
curvata, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. curved.]
obliqua, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. oblique.]
Ixtrapora, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. intra, within ;
porus, a pore.]
puteolata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. pitted.]
Ixtricaria clathrata, Miller & Dver, 1878,
Cont. to Pal., No. 2, Hud.* Riv. Gr.
[Sig. latticed.]
Leioclema, Ulrich, 1882 Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5 [Ety. leios, smooth ;
klema, a twig.] Proposed to include
Callopora punctata, Hall.
Lichexalia alternata, Hall, 1881, Bryozo-
ans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. alter-
nated.]
alveata. Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. hollowed out.]
bistriata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. double striated.]
carinata. Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. carinated.]
circincta, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. encompassed.]
clivulata. Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having little
Hills.]
complexata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. encircled.]
concentrica var. maculata, Hall, 1879,
28th Rep. N. Y. St. Mus., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. spotted.]
conul.ta, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having little
cones.]
Crustacea, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a crust ]
denticulata, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. denticulated.]
granifera, Hall, 1881. Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig grain bearing.]
longispina, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. long thorned.]
lunata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up Held. Gr. [Sig. crescent shaped.]
paliformis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. stake formed.]
permarginata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having a
large margin ]
pyriformis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held Gr. [Sig. pear shaped ]
radiata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. radiated],
subcava, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat ex-
cavated ]
substellata Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
starred.]
Mitocxema, Ulrich 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. mitos, a
thread; klema. a twig.]
cinctosa. Ulrich, 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
girded.]
Moxotrypella, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc, Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. di-
minutive of Monotrypa ]
aequalis, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. equal ]
subquadrata, Ulrich. 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. subquadrate.] Mr. Ulrich also
refers to this genus Monticulipora
quadrata.
Moxticueipora consimilis. Ulrich, 18S2,
Jour. Cin. Soc Nat. Hist , vol. 5,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. entirely simi-
lar.] Mr. Ulrich refers this genus to
the Bryozoa.
laevis, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
paiasitica. Ulrich, 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. parasitic]
wetherbyi. Ulrich. 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Pachydictya, Ulrich, 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc
Nat Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. pachys, thick,
dictyon, a net.]
robusta, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
robust.]
Paleschara incrassata. Hall. 1879, 28th Jteg.
Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. thickened.]
Peroxopora uniformis, Ulrich, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. one formed.] To this
genus Mr. Ulrich refers Monticu-
lipora compressa.
Petigopora, Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. Founded upon
Monticulipora petechialis.
Phyllodictya, Ulrich. 1882. Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. phyllon,
a leaf; dictyon, a net ]
frondosa, Ulrich, 1882. Jour. Cin.' Soc
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
frondose.]
Phractopora, Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held Gr. [Ety. phraktos, en-
closed; poros, a pore.]
cristate. Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. crested.]
Phyllopora, King, 1849, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 2d ser. vol. 3 p. 389 [Ety.
phyllon, a leaf; poros. a perforation.]
variolata. Ulrich, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
variolated ]
Polypora arkonensis, n. sp., Ham. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.] Proposed in-
ste d of P. tuberculata, Nicholson, in
Geo. Mag. for Apr., 1874, and Rep.
BKYOZOA.
293
Pal. Prov. Ont., p. 100, figs. 37, a, b, c-
Found at Arkona, township of Bo-
sanquet, Canada.
Polypora grandis, Toula, 1875, X. Jahr-
buch. Carboniferous. [Sig. large.]
megastoma, DeKoninck, 1863, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 19, Carbonifer-
ous. [Sig. large mouth.]
tuberculata, "Prout, is from the Kaskas-
kia Gr
tuberculata, Xicholson, see P. arkonensis.
Prasopora nodosa, Ulrieh. 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Kiv. Gr.
[Sig. nodose.]
Prismopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. prismas, the
hole made by a cylindrical saw ; poros,
a poie.]
paucirama, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having few
branches.]
triquetra, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. three cornered.]
Ptilodictya acuminata, is Stictopora acum-
inata.
arctipora is Bythopora arctipora, from
the Hud. Riv. Gr.
briareus, Ulrieh, 1882. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
hilli, James, 1882 (as figured by Ulrieh),
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. 5,
Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
intemodia, is Stictopora internodia.
niaculata, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
maculated.]
magnifies S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. magnificent.]
nodosa, James, 1882 (as figured by Ul-
rieh), Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig nodose.]
perelegans, see Stictopora perelegans.
plumaria, James, 1882 (as figured by
Ulrieh), Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist',
vol 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. belonging
to a feather.]
punctata, Nicholson & Hinde, 1878, Can.
Jour., Clinton Gr. [Sig. having
punctures.]
ramosa, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
ramose.]
triangulata, White, 1878, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. triangu-
lated.]
Ramipora, Toula, 1875, N. Jahrbuch. [Ety.
ramus, branch; porus, pore.]
hochstetteri, Toula, 1875, N. Jahrbuch,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Retepora fenestrata is from the Trenton
Gr.
Rhinidictya, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. rhine, a file ;
dictyon, a net.]
nicholsoni, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Bopalonaria. Ulrieh, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. ropalon, a
club.]
venosa, Ulrieh, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. veiny.]
Sagkxella ambigua, Walcott, 1S79, Utica
Slate and related formations, Utica
Slate. [Sig. ambiguous.]
Scalaripora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. scalare, a stair-
case, ladder; porus, a pore.]
scalariformis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. ladder
formed.]
subconcava, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
concave.]
Scenellopora, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. scene,
a tent; ellus, diminutive; poros, a
pore.]
radiata, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
radiated ]
Spatiopora, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 5. Founded upon
Monticulipora tuberculata.
Stictopora basalis, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Xat. Hist., vol. 5, Trenton
Gr. [Sig. basal.]
fruticosa, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held Gr. [Sig. bushy.]
internodia, Miller and Dyer, 1878 (Ptilo-
dictya internodia). Cont. to Pal., No.
2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. between
nodes.]
invertis, Hall. 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held Gr. [Sig. inverted.]
linearis, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. linear.]
orbipora, Hall, 1879, Desc. Xew Spec.
Foss., XiagaraGr. [Sig. having round
pores ]
ovatipora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held Gr. [Sig. having ovate
pores.]
perarcta, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. very close.]
perelegans, Ulrieh, 1878 (Ptilodictya
perelegans) Jour. Cin. Soc. Xat.
Hist , vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. very
elegant.]
rhomboidea, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig rhomb like ]
rigida. Hall 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. rigid.]
semistriati, Hall, 1881, Brvozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. half striated ]
Stictoporella, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety. diminutive
of Stictopora.] I am unable to dis-
tinguish this from Stictopora.
interstincta, Ulrieh, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 5, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
divided.]
294
BRACHIOPODA.
Stomatopora, Bronn, 1825, System d.
urwetl. Pflanzenthiere. [Ety. stoma,
mouth; poros, a perforation.] This
name is preferred to Alecto, because
the latter name had been used prior
to its application among the Bryozoa.
alternata instead of Stromatopora alter-
nate,.
proutana, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Synocxadia rectistyla, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New Spec. Foss. from Ohio,
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. having straight
stiles.]
Thallistigma, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. (Ety. thallos, a young
branch or twig; stigma, a spot]
intercellatum, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of
the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. being inter-
cellular. ]
lamellatum, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig lamellated.J
sparsipora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up Held. Gr. [Sig. having few pores.]
Thamniscus multiramus, Hall, ,1881, Bryo-
zoans of the Up. Held.' Gr. [Sig.
many branched ]
nanus, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. a dwarf.]
Thamnopora, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. thamnos, a bush ;
poros, a pore.]
divaricata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. divaricated.]
Tkhmatopora alternata. Hall. 1881, Bryo-
zoans of the Up. Held. Gr. Sig. al-
ternated.]
americana, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
annulifer, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
ring bearing.]
annulata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. annulated.]
annulata var. pronaspina. Hall, 1881,
Bryozoans of the Up. Held. Gr. [Sig.
having the prickles bent forward.]
arborea, Hall, 1881, Brvozoansof the Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. tree like.]
crebipora, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having close
pores.]
fragilis, refer to Kinderhook Gr.
granulata, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
granulated.]
macropora, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. having long
pores.]
rectilinea, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. straight lined.]
scutulata, Hall, 1881, Bryozoans of the
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. checkered.]
subimbricata, Hall, 1879, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. some-
what imbricated ]
vesiculosa is from the Burlinston Gr.
CLASS BRACHIOPODA.
The Family Spiriferid^e in the 1st edition of this work should be subdivided as follows :
Family Athyrid^e — Athyris, Merista, Meristella, Meristina. Family Atrypid^e —
Atrypa, Ccelospira, Zygospira. Family Nucleospiri».e — Nucleospira, Retzia, Tremato-
spira. Family Spiriferid^; — Spirifera, Spiriferina, etc.
Aegilops, Hall. This name was preoccupied
for a genus in Botany, beside the
species is supposed to be founded
upon the cast of a Lamellibranch.
Anastrophia internascens. Hall, 1879,
28th Reg. Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
growing between.]
Athyris americana, A. euzona and A.
formosa, are from the Kaskaskia Gr.
chloe is from the Ham. Gr.
claytoni, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
clusia, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., vol. 5,
CorniferodS limestone. [Sig. per-
taining to Clusium, the name of a town
in Etruria.]
corpulenta, A. hannibalensis, and A.
prouti, are from the Kinderhook Gr.
obmaxima, Mc< hesnev, 1860, Desc. New
Pal. Foss , p. 80, Low. Carb. [Sig.
large in front.]
Athyris ohioensis is from the Waverly Gr.
papilioniformis, McChesney, 1867, Trans.
Chi. Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig. butterfly formed ]
pectinifera is from the Keokuk Gr.
persinuata. Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Carboniferous. [Sig.
very sinuate.]
reflexa is from the Warsaw Gr.
trinuclea instead of Terebratula trinuclea.
Atrypa inflata was not defined.
mansoni, Salter, 1852 (Rhynchonelia
mansonij, Sutherland's Jour., vol. 2,
Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
nustella, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized,
phoca, Salter, 1852 (Rhynchonella phoca),
Sutherland's Jour., vol. 2, Devonian.
[Sig. a sea dog.]
BRACHIOPODA.
Calceola. This genus belongs to the Polypi
and the family Cyathophyllinae.
Camarella ortoni is from the Niagara Gr.
primordialis, Whitfield, 1878 (Triplegia
primordialis), Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur.
Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Sig primordial.]
waldronensis, Miller & Dyer, 1878
(Spirifera (?) waldronensis). Jour.
Cin. Soc. N»t. Hist., vol. I, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
< amarophoria giftbrdi, Worthen, 1882,
Bull. No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Middle Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
occidentalis, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soe. Nat. Hist , vol. 4, Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. western.]
Ckxtroxella allei is from the Kinderhook
Gr.
erassieardinalis, Whitfield, 1882. Bull.
Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist., Xo. 3, War-
saw Gr. [Sig. from the thick eardind
edges.]
flora. Winchell, 1879, Notices and Desc.
Fogg., from the Marshall Gr. [Ety.
mythological name.]
Choxetes loganensis, Hall & Whitfield,
1877, tf. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel,
Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
michiganensis, C. multicosta. C. ornatus,
belong to the Marshall or Choteau
Group.
mint'inn, Hall, 1876, being preoccupied,
is now C. undulatus.
reversus, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Marcellus
shale [Sig. reversed ]
striatellus, Dalman, 1827 (Orthis stri-
atella), Kongl. Svenska Ak. Handl.',
Up. Sil. [Sig. finely channeled.]
undulatus. Half, 1879^ 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. undulated.]
verneuilanus var. utahensis, Meek, 1S76,
Simpson's Rep. on Gt. Basin of Utah,
Carboniferous. [Ety. proper name.]
Crania carbonaria, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Coal
Meas. [Sig. from the Carboniferous.]
♦ granulosa, Winchell, 1880. 8th Rep. Geo.
Sur. Minn., Trenton Gr. [Sig. full
of granules]
paraUella, Ulrich, 1878. Jour. Cin. Soc.
Xat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. A
doubtful species.
percarinata, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist , vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. A
doubtful species,
socialis, Ulrich, 1878. Jour Cin. Soc.
Xat Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
social.] Found upon crinoid columns.
gpinigera. Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Fogg., Niagara Gr. [Sig. spine bear-
ing.]
Cryptoxella lens instead of Terebratula
lens.
UnekUeni instead of Terebratula linck-
lseni.
Cyrtixa acutirostris is from the Choteau
Gr.
euphemia, Billings, 1863, Can. Nat. and
Geol., vol. 8, Corniferous Gr. [Sig.
of good omen.]
Discixa manhattensis, Meek & Hayden.
1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
marginalis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Ham. Gr. [Sig. mar-
gined.]
meekana, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name. |
microscopica, Shumard,1861, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts., vol. 32, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. microscopic]
newberryi and D. patellaris are from the
Waverly or Marshall Gr.
saffordi, Winchell, is from the Marshall
Gr.
sublamellosa, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist. Probably the cast of
a Trematis.
tenuilineata, Meek & Hayden, 1859, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
fine lined.]
tenuistriata, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist. Probably the cast of a
Trematis.
Gypidula munda, Calvin, 1878, Bull. U. S.
Geo. Sur., vol. 4, No. 3, Low. Devo-
nian. [Sig. elegant.]
Hemipronites americanus, refer to Streptor-
hynchus americanum.
Koxixckia americana is from the Kaskas-
kia Gr.
Kutorgixa minutissima, Hall & Whitfield,
1877, U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. very small.]
Leiorhyxchus laura, Billings, May, 1860
(Rhynchonella laura), Can. Jour.,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
multicosta was regarded by Billings as a
6yn. for L. laura.
Lept.exa melita, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Pots-
dam Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
plicatella, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. having small folds.]
vicina, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.]
Lixgula acutangula, Roemer, 1852, Kreid.
von Texas, Silurian. [Sig. acute
angled.]
billingsana, Whiteaves, 1878, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 16, St.
John's Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
densa was described in 1863, in 16th Reg.
Rep.
elderi, Whitfield, 1880. Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts 3d ser., vol. 19 Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
gibbosa, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. gibbous.]
hurlbuti, Winchell, 1880, Geo Sur.
BEACHIOPODA.
Minn., 8th Rep., Galena Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Lixgula iowensis, Owen, 1840, Rep. Min.
Lands, Iowa. Wis., and 111., Galena
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
melie was described in 1863,'in 16th Reg.
Rep.
membranacea, is from the Marshall Gr.
rectilatera. Restore it.
striata, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. striated.]
Lingulepis cuneolus, Whitfield, 1877, Pre-
lim. Rep. Pal., Black Hills, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. a little wedge.]
ella, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S. Expl.
40th parallel, Quebec Gr. [Sig.
small.]
msera, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Etj r . mythological name.]
minuta, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. minute.]
perattenuata, Whitfield, 1877, Prelim.
Rep. Pal., Black Hills, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. very attenuated.]
Mekistella rectirostra, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
straight beak.]
Nucleospira rotundata, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New Spec. Foss. from Ohio,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. rounded.]
OBOLELLAdesquamata,is founded according
to Ford on the dorsal valve of O.
crassa, and should be referred to the
Lower Potsdam Gr.
discoidea, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. discoid.]
Okbiculoidea conica, Dwight, 1880, Am.
Jour. Sci. and Arts, 3d Ser., vol. 19,
Trenton Gr. [Sig. conical.]
Orthis altemans, Castelnau, 1843. Not
recognized.
amo3na, Winchell, 1880. Geo. Sur. Minn.
. 8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
pleasant]
charlottae, Winchell, 1880, Geo. Sur.
Minn. 8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
cincinnatensis, n sp Hud. Riv. Gr.,
Cincinnati, Ohio. Proposed instead
of Orthis costata, Hall, 1845, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts. This is a very small
species, found associated with other
minute fossils on -Vine street hill,
circularis, Winchell, 1880, Geo. Sur.
Min. 8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
circular.]
clytie is from the Trenton Gr.
conradi, Castelnau, 1843. Not recog-
nized,
conradi. Winchell. 1880, Geo. Sur. Minn.
8th Rep , H ud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
cooperensis is from the Warsaw Gr.
costata Hall, being preoccupied, see
Orthis, cincinnatensis.
Orthis dalyana, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.4, Burling-
ton, Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ella, O. emacerata, and O. jamesi, are
from the Hud. Riv. Gr.
eryna was described in 1863 in the 16th
Reg. Rep.
flabellurn, Sowerby, 1839, in Murch. Sil.
Syst., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a small fan.]
flava, and O. occasus are from the Kinder-
hook Gr.
huronensis, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized,
infera, Calvin, 1878, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur. Terr., vol. 4, No. 3, Low. De-
vonian. [Sig. underground.]
kassubae, Winchell, 1880, Geo Sur.
Minn. 8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
media, Winchell, 1880. Geo. Sur. Minn.
8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. in the
middle ]
minneapolis, Winchell, 1880, Geo. Sur.
Minn., 8th Rep., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
pogonipensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Chazy
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
schohariensis, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized,
scovillei, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
sectostriata, Ulrich, syn. for O. ella.
■ striatella, see Chonetes striatellus.
subelliptica, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. subelliptical.j
suhnodosa. Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. subnodose.]
Pextamerus beaumonti, Castelnau, 1843,
Syst. Sil. Not. recognized,
coppingeri, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Up. Silurian. [Ety;
proper name.]
deshayesi, Castelnau, 1843, Syst Sil.
Not recognized,
lenticularis, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. lenticular.]
pesovis. Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss.. from Ohio, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. sheep foot.]
trisinuatus, McChesney, 1861, Desc.
New Pal. Foss., p. 86, Niagara Gr.
[Sig. three furrowed.]
Poramboxites obscurus, Hall & Whitfield,
1877, U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel,
Quebec Gr. [Sig. obscure.]
Productus callawayensis, is from the Ham.
Gr.
cooperensis, P. cnrtirostratus, P. dolor-
osus, and P. parvulus, are from the
Choteau or Kinderhook Gr.
coriformis, is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
depressus, and P. fentonensis, are from
the Keokuk Gr.
BEACHIOPODA.
297
Prodcctus hepar, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts., vol. 29, Goal Mens. Not
recognized,
nanus, Meek & Worthen. 1860, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. a
dwarf.]
nevadensis, Meek. 1877, U. S., Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Carboniferous. [Ety.
proper name.]
poallum, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci.
& Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. Not
recognized,
pyxidiformis, DeKoninck, 1847. Mono-
graphie du genre Productus, Sub-
carboniferous. [Sig. box like.]
subhorridus. Meek, 1877, IT. S. Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Carboniferous. [Sig.
somewhat like P. horridus.]
sulcata*, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
Ri.nssel.eria condoni instead|ofR.conradi.
Retzia evax instead of Rhynchospira evax.
, marcyi, is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
osagensis, angl R. popana, are from the
Choteau Gr.
sexplicata, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. having six
folds.]
woosteri, White, 1879, Bull. U. S. Sur.,
vol. 5, No. 2, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
Rhyxciioxella ambigua, Calvin, 1878,
Bull. U. S. Geo. Sur., vol. 4, No. 3,
Low. Devonian. [Sig. ambiguous.]
arctirostrata and R. perrostellata are
from the Kaskaskia Gr.
boonensis and R. ringens are from the
Burlington Gr.
cooperensis. R heteropsis, R. micro-
pleura, R. missouriensis, R. obso-
lescens, R. persinuata and R. unica
are from the Choteau or Kinderhook
Gr.
cuneata, refer to Rhynchotreta cuneata
var. americana.
eatoniformis is a Syn for R. rocky-
montana.
emmonsi. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Devonian.
[Etv. proper name.]
hydraulica. Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. hydraulic, from the
hydraulic limestone ]
internodia, Barris, 1879, Proc. Daven-
port Acad. Sci., Corniferous Gr.
[Sig. between nodes.]
laura, see Leiorhynchus laura.
rnansoni. see Atrypa mansoni.
medea, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour., vol. 5,
Corniferous limestone. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
neenah, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. Ety. proper
name.]
neglects var scobina is from the Niagara
Gr.
Rhyxchoxella nucula, Sowerby, 1839
(Terebratula nucula), Murch. Sil.
Syst., Up. Sil. [Sig. a small nut.]
oppositi, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. opposite.]
perlamellosa, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
very lamellose ]
phoca, see Atrypa phoca.
raricosta, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. having few costoe.]
rockymontana, Marcou, 1858 (Tere-
bratula rockymontana) , Geo. North
America, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
sinuata may be erased.
stricklandi, Sowerby, 1839 (Terebratula
sticklandi), Murch. Sil. Syst., Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tuta, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington Gr.
[Sig. examined.]
warrenensis is from the Ham. Gr.
whitii. Hall, 1863, being preoccupied, see
Rhynchonelbi whitiana.
whitiana, n. sp., Niagara Gr., from
Waldron, Indiana. Proposed instead
of R. whitii. Hall, 1863, Trans. Alb.
Inst., vol. 4, p. 216, and also in 28th
Rep. N.Y. St. Mns. Nat. Hist., p. 164,
pi. 26, figs. 23-33, and again in the
llth Ann. Rep. Geol. & Nat. Hist, of
Indiana, p. 307, pi. 26, figs. 23-33.
Rhynchospira is a syn. for Retzia.
evax, refer to Retzia evax.
sinuata was described by Hall, in 1860,
Can. Nat. & Geo., vol. 5.
Rhyxchotreta, Hall, 1879, 28th Reg. Rep.
[Ety. rhynchos, beak; tretos, with a
hole in it.]
cuneata var. americana. Hall. 1879, 28th
Reg. Rep , Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
quadriplicata, S. A. Miller, instead of
Trematospira quadriplicata.
Spirifera alata, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
albapinensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.
S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
aldrichi, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
amara. S. cooperensis, S. hannibalensis,
S. marionensis, S. missouriensis, S.
semiplicata. and S. vernonensis, are
from the Choteau or Kinderhook Gr.
arctica, Haughton, 1857, Jour. Roy. Soc.
Dub , vol. 1. Devonian. [Sig. arctic]
argentaria, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur.,
40th parallel, Devonian. [Sig. per-
taining to silver.]
atwaterana, S. A. Miller, 1878, Proc
Davenport Acad. Sci., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.] Proposed instead of
8. pennata, which was preoccupied.
BKACHIOPODA.
Spirifera bicostata var. petila, Hall, 1879,
Desc. New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. thin.]
clara and S. translata are from the Kas-
kaskia Gr.
conradana, n. sp, Oriskany, Up. Held,
and Ham. Gr. Proposed instead of
S. fimbriata of Conrad in Jour. Acad.
Nat Sci., vol. 8, p. 263, which was
preoccupied.
costalis, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
crispa var. simplex, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
simple.]
fastigata, Morton, 1836. Am Jour. Sci.
and Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig.
sloping up to a point.]
fastigata, Meek & Worthen. The name
was preoccupied by Morton. See S.
mortonana.
fimbriata, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig.
fringed.]
fimbriata, Conrad. The name was pre-
occupied. See S. conradana.
fischeri, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
hirtus, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. hairy, rough ]
huronensis, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.'
Not recognized.
inaequivalvis Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
ligus, Owen, 1852, Eep. Geo. Bur. Wis.,
Iowa and Minn., Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
macropleura, Castelnau, 1843. The name
was preoccupied.
meeki, is from the Burlington Gr.
mortonana, n. sp., Keokuk Gr. Pro-
posed instead of S. fastigata, of Meek
and Worthen, 1870, in Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., p. 36, and afterward in Geo.
Sur. 111., vol. 6, p. 521, pi. 30, fig. 3,
from Crawfordsville, Indiana.
mucronata, Conrad, syn. for S. pennata.
multicostata, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
murchisoni, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not. recognized.
novamexieana, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pennata, Atwater, 1820 (Terebratula
pennata) Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol.
2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. winged.]
pennata, Owen. The name was preoc-
cupied, see S. atwaterana.
rostrata, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig.
beaked.]
semiplicata, is a syn. for S. cooperensis.
sheppardi, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
sowerbyi, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
Spirifera strigosa, Meek, 1860, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Devonian. Proposed in-
stead of S. macra, Meek, which was
preoccupied. [Sig. thin.]
subvaricosa, is from the Chemung Gr.
taneyensis. SAvallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Kinderhook
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
temeraria, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burlington
Gr. [Sig. casual.}
troosti, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
utahensis, Meek, 1860, syn. for S. nor-
woodi.
icaldronensis, Miller & Dyer, refer to
Camarella waldronensis.
waverlyensis, Winchell, 1870, Notices
and" Desc. Foss., from Marshall Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Spiriferlna spinosa is from the Kaskaskia
Gr.
Streptorhynchus americanum. Whitfield,
1878 (Hemipronites americmns),
Ann. Kep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Kiv.
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
cardinale, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Eep.
Geo. S.ir. Wis., Hud. Kiv. Gr. [Sig.
cardinal.]
flabellum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. a small fan.]
hydraulicnm, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Low. Held.
Gr. [Sig. hydraulic, from the
hydraulic limestone.]
inflatum, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kin-
derhook Gr. [Sig. inflated.]
occidentalis, Newberry, syn. for Meekella •
striato-costata.
pyramidalis, Newberry, syn. for Meek-
ella striato-costata.
Stricklandinia multilirata, Whitfield,
1878, Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. many furrowed.]
Strophalosia numularis, is from the Mar-
shall Gr.
Strophodonta altidorsata, S. boonensis,
S. cymbiformis. S. inflexa. S.kemperi,
S. navalis and S. subcymbiformis are
from the Ham. Gr.
calvini, n. sp. Upper Helderberg Gr.
Proposed instead of S. quadrata,
Calvin, 1878, in Bull. U. S. Geo. Sur.
Terr , vol. 4, No. 3, which was pre-
occupied.
feildeni, Etheridge. 1878, Qnar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol 34, Up. Sil. |Ety.
proper name ]
quadrata, Swallow, 1860, Trans. St.
Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. quadrate.]
quadrata, Calvin, 1878, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur. Terr., vol. 4, No. 3. The name
was preoccupied, see S. calvini.
sernifasciata, refer to Strophonella semi-
fasciata.
PTEROPODA.
299
Strophodoxta striata instead of Stropho-
mena striata.
varhbilis, Calvin, 1878, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur., vol. 4, No. 3, Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. variable.]
Strophomexa donneti. Salter, 1852, 'Suther-
land's Jour , vol. 2, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
kingi. Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
nemea. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Sur. 40th parallel, Quebec Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
rhombbidalis, should be credited to
Wilckens. 1769 (Conchites rhomboid-
alis , Nachrieht von Seltener Verst.
Its range is from the Lower Silurian
to the Keokuk Gr.
striata refer to Strophodonta striata
wisconsinensis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Hud. Riv. Gr.'
[Ety. proper name.]
Strophoxella, Hall, 1879. 28th Reg- Rep.
[Ety. diminutive of Strophos twisted.]
Hall refers to this genus Stropho-
donta ampla, S. eaelata, S. cavum
bona, S. leavenworthana. S. punctu-
lifera, S. revei sa and S. semifasciata.
Syrixgothyris lialli, is from the Kinder-
hook Gr., and S. typus is found in the
Kiuderhook and Keokuk Groups.
Terebratula acumfnatissima, Castelnau.
Not recognized.
arcuata. Swallow, see T. shumardana.
borealis, Castelnau. Not recognized.
brevilobata, is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
gracilis, Swallow, see T. swallovana.
lapillus, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig. a little
stone.]
Terebratula Zens,refer to Cry ptonella lens.
Knckkeni, refer to Cryptonella lincklaeni.
nuciformis, Morton, 1836, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig.
nut formed.]
nucula. see Rhynchonella nucula.
pennata, see Spirifera pennata.
rocky montana, see Rhynchonella rocky-
montana.
shumardana, n. sp., Kaskaskia Gr. Pro-
posed instead of T. arcuata, Swallow,
1863, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci.,
vol. 2, p. 83. which was preoccupied.
stricklandi, see Rhynchonella stricklandi.
swallovana, n.'sp.. Kaskaskia Gr. Pro-
posed instead of T. gracilis, Swallow,
1863, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol.
2, p. 83, which was preoccupied.
trinuclea, refer to Athyris trinuclea.
utah, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Expl. 40th parallel, Waverly Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
valenciennei, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
Trematis quincuncialis. Miller & Dyer,
1878, Cont. to Pal. No. 2, Hud. Riv.Gr.
[Sig. from the quincunx punctures.]
Trematospira quadriplicata, S. A. Miller,
refer to Rhynchotreta quadriplicata.
Triplesiaprimordialis, see Camarella primor-
dialis
putillus, Hall. 1879, Desc. New Spec. Foss.,
syn. for Camarella waldronensis.
Zygospira concentrica, Ulrich, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc! Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. concentric]
minima, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. the least.] '
CLASS PTEROPODA.
Clathroccelia. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, pt. 2. [Ety. clathro, latticed; koilia,
the belly.]
eborica. Hall. 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Coleolus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, pt.
2. [Ety. koleos. a sheath.]
acicula instead of Orthoceras acicula.
aciculatus instead of dentalium acicula-
tum.
crenatocinctus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 5. pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr. TSig
notched around.]
gracilis, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Chemung Gr. [Sig. slender]
mohri, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5. pt.
2, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
spinulus, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. a little
thorn.]
tenuicinctus instead of Coleoprion tenui-
cinctum.
Coleoprion, tenue. Hall, 1879, Pal. of
N. Y., vol. 5, pt. .2, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
thin.]
Coxularia continens var. rudis, Hall, 1879,
Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, pt. 2, Ham Gr.
[Sig. rude ]
crustula, White, 1880, 12th Rep. U. S.
Geo Sur. Terr., Coal Meas. [Sig.
a little crust.]
formosa, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. beautiful.]
indentata, Conrad, 1854, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 7, Trenton Gr. [Sig.
indented.]
infrequens. Hall. 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss.. Niagara Gr. [Sig. infrequent.]
multicostata, Meek & Worthen, 1865.
Proc. Acad. Nar. Sci., Waverly Gr,
[Sig. many ribbed.]
osagensis, is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
subcarbonaria, was first described in
1865, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
300
GASTEROPODA.
CoNULARiAverneuilana, Emmons. 1846, Am.
Quar. Jour. Agr. & Sci., vol. 4, Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
whitei, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Waverly Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Hyolithes, Eichwald, 1840, Sil. Schicht.
Syst. in Ehstl.
aculeatus instead of Theca aculeata, and
it is from the Kinderhook Gr.
baconi, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
gregarius instead of Theca gregaria.
parviusculus instead of Theca parvius-
cula.
singulus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. single.]
triliratus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. three fun-owed.]
Styliola, Lesueur, 1826. [Ety. from stylos,
a pillar.]
Styliola fissurella, Hall, 1843, instead of
Tentaculites fissurellus.
fissurella var. intermittens, Hall, 1879,
Pal. N.Y., vol. 5, pt. 2, Gennessee
Slate. [Sig. intermitting.]
fissurella var. obsolescens, Hall, 1879,
Pal. N.Y., vol. 5, pt. 2, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. obsolete.]
fissurella var. strigata, Hall, 1879, Pal.
N. Y.. vol. 5, pt. 2, Marcellus shale.
[Sig. fluted.]
obtusa, Hall. 1879, Pal. X. Y., vol. 5, pt.
2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. obtuse.]
Tentaculites gracilistriatus, Hall, 1879.
Pal X. Y., vol. 5 pt. 2, Marcellus
shale. [Sig. slender furrowed.]
neglectus, Nicholson & Hinde, 1874,
Can. Jour., Clinton Gr. [Sig. ne-
glected.]
ornatus is not an American species.
Theca. The species under this genus may
be referred to Hyolithes.
CLASS GASTEROPODA.
Aclis, Loven, 1846, Index Mollusc, litora
Scandin. occid. habit. Refer A.
minuta, A. robusta, and A. swallo-
vana to the genus Aclisina.
stevensoni, see Aclisina stevensoni.
Aclisina DeKoninck, 1881, Faune du
Calcaire Carbonifere de la Belgique
Ann. d. Mus. Roy. d'Hist. Nat.,
tome 6. [Ety. from tne genus Aclis. ]
stevensoni, White, 1882 (Aclis steven-
soni). Rep. Invert. Foss. New Mex.,
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Anthracopupa, Whitfield, 1881, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 21. [Ety.
anthrax, coal; Pupa, a genus.]
ohioensis, Whitfield, 1881, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol 21, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Bellerophon alternodosus, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New Spec. Foss., from Ohio.
Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. having alter-
nate nodes.]
antiquatus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
antiquated ]
bilabiatus, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. two lipped.]
explanatus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, pt. 2, Chemung Gr. [Sig. spread
out.]
gibsoni, White, 1882. 11th Rep. Geol. &
Nat. Hist.. Indiana, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
helena. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y.. vol. 5.
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
hyalina, Hull, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. of glass.]
inspeciosus, White, 18S2, Rep. Invert.
Foss., New Mex., Coal Meas. [Sig.
not handsome.]
Bellekophon lineolatus is from the Kinder-
hook Gr.
morrowensis, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal. No. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
nactus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Chemung Gr. [Sig. stumbled
on.]
natator instead of Phragmostoma nata-
tor.
pelops var. exponens, Hall, 1879. Pal.
N. Y.. vol. 5, pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. exposed.]
perelegans. White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. very elegant.]
perforatus, Winchell & Marcy, 1866, syn.
for Bucania chicagoensis.
.punctifrons, refer to Bucania punctifrons.
repertus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig discovered.]
rotalinea, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Ham Gr. [Sig. round lined.]
rugosus, Emmons, 1856, Am Geol., Utica
Slate Gr. [Sig. rugose.]
subpapillosus, White, 1879, Bull. U. S.
Geo. Sur. Ter., vol. 5, Carboniferous.
[Sig. somewhat papillated.]
vinculatus, White and Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. bound.]
wisconsinensis. Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Bucania buelli, Whitfield, 1878, Ann Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
devonicais from the Upper Held. Gr.
GASTEROPODA.
301
Bucaxia punetifrons should be referred to
Emmons, 1842 (Bellerophon puneti-
frons), Geo. Rep. N. Y., Black River
and Trenton Gr k
Bulimoepha, Whitfield, 1882, Bull. Am.
Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 3.
bulimiformis instead of Polyphemopsis
bulimiformis.
canalieulata instead of Polyphemopsis
canaliculate,
elongate instead of Polyphemopsis
elongate.
Caleonema, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2. [Ety. kallos, beautiful ; nema,
thread.]
bellatulum instead of Loxonema bellatu-
lum, and from the Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. pretty.]
imitator instead of Pleurotomaria imita-
tor, and from Ham. Gr.
liehas instead of Platystoma lichas.
Chemxjjzia tenuiiineata, is from the
Choteau Gr.
Chiton oecidentalis. Hildreth. 1837. Am.
Jour. Sci. & Arts, vol. 31, Coal Meas.
[Sig. western.]
Clisospira oecidentalis, Whitfield, 1878,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. western.]
Cycloxema cincinnatense, S. A. Miller,
1882. Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
5. Utica Slate Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
doris instead of Pleurotomaria doris.
leavenworthanum instead of Pleurotom-
aria leavenworthana,
subangulatum instead of Pleurotomaria
subangulata.
Cyclora depressa, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr,
[Sig. depressed.!
pulcella, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. beautiful little.]
Cyrtolites magnus, S. A. Miller, 1878,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Bud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. large.]
nitidulus, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. neat.]
sinuatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Quebec Gr
[Sig. sinuated.]
Cyrtoxella, Hall. 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2. A subgenus under Cyrtolites
to include C. mitella and C. pileolus.
Dextalium aciculatum, refer to Coleolus
• acieulatns.
grandsevum is from the Marshall Gr.
martini, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Ety. proper name]
Discolites, Emmons, syn. for Cyclora.
minutus, see Cyclora minute.
Euxkma priscum, is from the Calciferous
Gr.
Euomphalus amnion, White & Whitfield,
1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
8, Kinderhook Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
boonensis, is from the Burlington Gr.
decewi, refer to Pleuronotus decewi.
gyroceras Rcemer, 1852, Kreid. von Tex.,
Silurian. [Sig. a circular horn.]
hecale var. corpulens, Hall, 1879, Pal.
N. Y., vol. 5, pi. 27, Chemung Gr.
[Sig. corpulent.]
luxus, White, 1875, Expl. W. 100th me-
ridian, Low. Carb. [Sig. dislocated.]
macrolineatus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. long lined.]
minutissimus, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Not recognized.
• ophirensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
polygyratus, Rcemer, 1852, Kreid. von
Texas, Silurian. [Sig. many coiled.]
sanctisabae, Rcemer, Kreid. von Texas,
Silurian. [Ety. proper name.]
spirorbis, is from the Kinderhook Gr.
strongi, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Magnesian Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
trochiscus, refer to Raphistoma trochis-
cus.
utahensis, refer to Straparollus utehensis.
verneuili, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil. Not
recognized.
Eotrochus, Whitfield, 1882, Bull. Am.
Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 3. [Ety. eos,
dawn ; Trochus, a genus of shells.]
concavus, Hall, instead of Pleurotomaria
concava.
Fusispira compacta, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Expl. 40th parallel, Quebec Gr.
[Sig. compact.]
Helicotoma naresi, Etheridge, 1878, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Up. Sil.
[Ety. proper name.]
serotina, is from the Corniferous lime-
stone.
Holopea conica, is from the Marshall Gr.,
and H. eriensis from the Corniferous
limestone,
magniventra, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
large bellied ]
newtonensis, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
re versa, is from the Up. Silurian,
sweeti, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis , Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Holopella mira, is from the Marshall Gr.
Inachus pervetus, see Euomphalus pervetus.
Isonema bellatulum, refer to Callonema bel-
latulum.
lichas. refer to Callonema lichas.
Lepetopsis, Whitfield. 1882. Bull. Am.
Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 3.
302
GASTEKOPODA.
levettei, White, 1882 (Patella levettei),
11th Pep. Geo. of Indiana, Warsaw
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Loxonema attenuatum var. seinicostatum,
Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Coal Meas. [Sig. half ribbed.]
breviculum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat
short.]
cotterana, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour., vol
6, Corniferous limestone. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
kanei, Meek, 1865, Am. Jour. Sci. &
Arts, 2d ser., vol. 40, Low. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
heviusculum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 5, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig. some-
what smooth.]
laxum. Hall, 1879, Pal. K. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Chemung Gr. [Sig. wide.]
magnum, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
large.]
macclintochi, Haughton, 1857. Jour. Roy.
Dub. Soc., vol. 1, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
parvulum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. small.]
plicatum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Coal Meas.
[Sig. plicated.]
postrenum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, pt. 2, Chemung Gr. [Sig. the
last.]
rectistriatum. Hall, 1879, Pal. N.
Y., vol 5, pt. 2, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
having straight furrows]
rossi, Haughton, 1857, Jour. Roy. Soc.
Dub., vol. 1, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
sicula, Hall 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a little
dagger.]
turriforme is from the Kinderhook Gr.
vincta, refer to Murchisonia vincta.
Maclurea cuneata, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Pep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. wedge formed.]
minima, Hall & Whitfield. 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Chazy Gr.
[Sig. the least.]
subrotunda, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Kep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
somewhat rotund.]
Mackocheilus. This generic name was
preoccupied by Hope, in 183S, for a
genus of Coleopterous insects. Bayle
has proposed Macrochilina, to which
all the species may be referred,
cooperense, is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
pinquis, is from the M .rshall or Kinder-
hook Gr.
priscum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held. Gr.
[Sig. ancient.]
" subcorpulentum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. somewhat corpulent.]
Macrochilixa, Bayle, 1880, Journal de
Conchyliologie, 3me. ser., t. 19. Pro-
posed instead of Macrocheilus of
Phillips, which was preoccupied by
Hope. [Ety. diminutive of Macro-
cheilus.]
Metoptoma barabuensis, Whitfield, 1878,
Ann. Kep. Geo. Sur. Wis.. Low Mag-
nesian Gr [Ety. proper name.]
cornutiformis, Walcott, 1879, 33d Reg.
Kep., Calciferous Gr. [Sig. horn
shaped.]
perovalis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Kep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
oval.]
recurvus, Whitfield, 1S78, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Low. Mag. Gr. [Sig.
recurved.]
retrorsus, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur Wis., Potsdam Gr. Sig.
turned back.]
similis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Low Mas;. Gr. [Sig. simi-
lar ]
Microceras minutiss.imtim, Ulrich, 1879,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. very small.] I
think this is identical with M. inorna-
tum.
Mxtrchisoxia aciculata, and M. arisaigen-
sis, are from the Upper Silurian,
chamberlini, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name,
copei, White, 1882, Rep. Invert. Foss.
New Mex., Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
elegantula, refer to Pleurotomaria elegan-
tula.
intercedens, Hall. 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol.
5, pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. inter-
vening.]
latifasciata, Etheridge, 1878, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc, vol. 34, Up. Sil. [Sig.
wide banded ]
limitaris is. from the Kinderhook Gr.
marcouana, Geinitz. 1S06, Carb. und
Dyas in Neb., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
multigruma, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. much heaped up ]
neglecta, M. quadricincta and M. shu-
mardana, are from the Marshall or
Kinderhook Gr.
obsoleta, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. obsolete.*]
prolixa, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost Soc. Nat Hist . vol. 8, Kin-
derhook Gr. [Sig. prolix.]
terebra, White, 1>79, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur. Terr., vol. 5, No. 2, Carbonifer-
ous. [Sig. an auger.]
vincta instead of Loxonema vincta.
worthenana, S. A. Miller, 18S2, Jour.
,-A-rzj;: : : a
Can. doe. Mat. Hist., voL 3, Mapn
Gr. lEty. prefer matte.]
in 1871, in Proe. Acad. Xat SeL
mperta. Hall, 1879, PaL X. Y., toL 5,
pt 2, pL 29, Up. Held. Gr. ISig-
Proe. Acad. Xat Sou,
Kasfcastaa Gr. TEtv. proper name.]
nOifera, White, 1880, 12th Sep. U. S-
Geo. Sur. Terr.. Up. Coal Meas. ISig.
'•-•.'. •-.-.:. . _
Whiineld.lS83.Dese.Xew Spec.
Foss. fhm Ohio, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
neaae. WhitneJd. 1882, Dese. Xe w Spec.
Fobs, from Ohio, KaskaskiaGr. [sSg.1
Rep., Cakaferous Gr. ISig. the
|
PutTTCKKJLS natieoides, Etheridge, 1838,
Qaar. Joor. Geo. Sor., voL 34, Up. SiL
ISig. like a Jtofaa.]
paialium. White * Whitfield, 1S62, Proc.
Bost Soe. Xat Hist., voL 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. JSig. that grows by tit*
Ohio, Up. Held. Gr.
I*ig. a kind of fish tooth.]
suhsmuo&um, Worthen, 1882, BulL Xo.
1, HL St. Mas. Xat Hist., Low. HeM-
Gr. ISig. somewhat sinuous.] Pro-
posed instead of P. sobondatam, M
AW.
tribulosam, White, 1880, 12th Be]
•-- . - : I-;-:.: :.- _: :. •'.-,r. rvj
thorny.]
:':,:•:-■: :. _•■ ■•■- -• . v. •• - .>.»_.
BolL Xo. 1, HL St- Mus. Xat- Hist.,
Hayden's U. S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Coal Meas. Proposed instead of P.
CakiferousGr. ISig. a dwarf.] tanudum, M. & W., which
OaanrracHxrs. S. A.
Cm. Sac Xat Hist. voL 2. lEty. I Puxkoxotcs, HaU, 18S9, PaL X. Y
5. pt 2. lEty. jrieuru, '
a track.] Supposed to he me trail of
aGaateropod.
monfliformis, S. A. MiBer. 1880, Jour.
Cm. Soe. Xat- Hist., vol 2, Utka
State Gr. ISig fike a neekbee.]
PiLEioui irringi, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Sep. Geo. Sur. Wk, Potsdam Gr.
Pxi-BOTiaocHT-s, HaO, 1*79. PaL X.
voL 5, pt 2 JEty.
■eft
Paimia
E«. jw^//*, a dfch]
ImeffoC, White. 189, 11th Bep. GeoL A
iw Gr., re-
Puran m uin
m. y., tol
decewL
HaO, 1879, PaL
pt 2, Up. Held. Gr.
>._■ :. dpmtj
~ 1879, PaL X. Y.,
toL 5. pt 2. Up- HekL Gr.
9 Geo. Sur. Terr.
Difornus. Worthen, 1882. BuU. Xo. 1.
HL St Mas. Xat Hist-, Coal Meas.
I
[of P.
Pampas omaiiet, P. «MH»owi**, P. ram»-
fiatc. and P. ajirafia. Castemau, 1843,
Syst SB. Xotreeognimd.
PULTTCsxas hrfofcre, White A Whitfield,
1882, Proe. Bost Soe. Xat. Hist. roL
8, Kinderhook Gr. gSfe.
Meek, 187L Proc Acad. Xat
■. :•:-:.-. z- . : • ;.-: ■.:.:..-..
itys var. temrispira. HaB. 1879, PaL X.
Y.. toL 5, pt- 2. Ham. Gr. [Sag.
l: ■„■: . ;;. -..: • :,:: I-.-j Ii- : :■-:■: :
rta. Meek and Worthen, *«•, Proc.
Acad. Xat SeL, Keokuk Gr. ISig.
304
GASTEROPODA.
tectoria, and P. vadosa, are from the
Marshall or Kinderhook Gr.
Pleurotomaria muralis is from the Tren-r
ton Gr.
newportensis-, White, 1880, 12th Rep. U.
S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
nitela. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, pt.
2. Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. brightness.]
perizomata. White, 1882, Rep. Invert.
Foss , New Mex., Coal Meas. [Sig.
girdled.]
quadricarinata instead of P. quadricos-
tata.
quadrilix, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
pt. 2, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. having
four whorls (?).]
racinensis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name ]
riddelli instead of P. riddlei.
rugulata, Hall. 1860, 13th Reg. Rep..
Ham. Gr [Sig. having wide furrows.]
subangulata, refer to Cyclonema suban-
gulatum.
taggarti, Meek, 1874, 7th Rep. Hayden's
U. S. Geo. Sur. Terr., Coal Meas.
[Ety. proper name.]
tenuimarginata, refer to Eotrochus con-
cavus.
tumida, refer to Platystoma grayvillense.
Polyphemopsi8 bulimiformis, refer to Buli-
morpha bulimiformis.
canaliculata, refer to Bulimorpha canali-
eulata.
elongata, refer to Bulimorpha elongata.
mel^noides, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Kaskaskia
Gr. [Sig like a Melania.]
Porcellia crassinoda, White & Whitfield,
1-62 Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
8, Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. thick noded.]
rectinoda is from the Marshall or Kin-
derhook Gr.
rotatoria, refer to Goniatites plebei-
formis.
Pupa bigsbyi, Dawson, 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol. 20, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Rafhistoma acutmn. Hall & Whitfield,
1877, U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel,
Chazy Gr. [Sig. acute.]
niagarense, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
trochiscus, Meek, 1870 (Euomphalus
trochiscus), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Calciferous or Trenton Gr. [Sig.
a small round ball.]
Rotella verruculifera, White, 1882, Rep.
Invert. Foss.. New Mex., Coal Meas.
[Sig. bearing little eminences.]
Sc^vogyra, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis. [Ety. sccevus toward
the left; gyrus, a circle.]
elevata, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Low. Mag. Gr. [Sig.
elevated.]
obliqua, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Low. Mag. Gr. [Sig.
oblique.]
swezeyi, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Low. Mag. Gr. [Ety.
proper name ]
Soleniscus brevis, White, 1882, Rep. In-
vert. Foss., New Mex., Coal Meas.
J Sig. short.]
planus, White, 1882. Rep. Invert. Foss.,
New Mex., Coal Meas. [Sig. flat.]
Straparollus barrisi, and S. macrompha-
lus from the Marshall or Kinderhook
Gr.
planispira, S. quadrivolvis, S. spergen-
ensis, and 8.. spergenensis var. planor-
biformis, refer to Euomphalus.
utahensis, Hall & W T hitfield. 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Strophites, Dawson. 1880, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts. [Ety. from the genus Stro-
phia.]
grandfevus, Dawson, 1880, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 20, Devonian.
[Sig. old aged.]
Strophostylus cvclostomus var. disjunct-
us, Hall, 1879, 28th Reg. Rep.,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. disjoined.]
obliquus, S. ovatus, and S subglobosus,
are from the Corniferous limestone.
Subulites gracilis, S. A. Miller, 1882. Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Niagara
Gr. [Sig. slender.]
Tremanotus is a syn. for Bucania. The
supposed openings on the cast repre-
sent the spines upon the back of the
anterior part of the last whorl of the
shell, and the fossil is a true Bucania.
alpheus, syn. for Bucania chicagoensis.
Trochita carbonaria from the Kaskaskia
Gr.
Trochonema beloitense, Whitfield, 1878,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
beachi. Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Turbo huronensis, Castelnau, 1843. Not
recognized,
shumardi, de Verneuil, 1846, Bulletin de
la Soc. Geol. de France, Up. Held.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Turritella schokariensis, Castelnau, 1843.
Not recognized.
CEPHALOPODA.
305
CLASS CEPHALOPODA.
Actixoceras beaudaxti, Cast'enau, 1843,
.systeme Silurien, Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
beaumonti, Castlenau, 1S43, Systeme Si-
lurien, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
blainvillei, Castelnau, 1843, Systeme Si-
lurien, Hud.Kiv. Gr.(?) [Ety. proper
name.]
cordieri, Castelnau, 1843, Systeme Silu-
rien, Hud. Riv. Gr. (?) [Ety. proper
name.]
deshayesi, Castelnau, 1843, Systeme Silu-
rien, Hud. Riv. Gr. ( '?) [Ety. proper
name.]
dufresnoyi, Castelnau, 1843, Systeme Si-
lurien, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.
Ammonites bellicosus. Morton. 1836, Am.
Jour. Sci. and Arts, vol. 29, Coal
lleas. Not recognized.
colubreUus, see Goniatites colubrellus..
hildrethi, see Goniatites hildrethi.
Bactrites, Sandberger, 1841, Leonh. u.
Bronn's Jabrb. [Ety. baktron, a staff.]
clavus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a spike.]
Beatriceo. should be referred to the sponges.
Colpoceras clarkei. Wetherby, 1881, Jour,
tin Soc. Nat. Hist., vol 4, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Cyrtoceras absens, refer to Gomphoceras
absens.
aemulum. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr [Sig. emulous.]
alternatum, Hall. 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Marcellus Shale. [Sig. changed
by turns] Proposed instead of C.
undulatum of Hall.
amnion, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour., vol. 6,
Corniferous limestone. [Ety. mytho-
logical name.]
amoenum, S. A. Miller, 1878. Jour. Cin.
.Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. welcome.]
annulatum, Hall, see C. subannulatum.
arcuatum, Hall, see C. subarcuatum.
aristides is a proper name instead of
mythological.
bannisteri, Winchell & Marcy, see
Trochocei'as bannisteri.
belus, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour , vol. 6,
Corniferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
beta is Gomphocer s beta.
cancellation. Hall, see ('. subcancellatum.
cessator. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Expl. Exped , 40th parallel, Coal
Meas. [Sig a loiterer.]
citum, Hall, 1879. Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. speedy.]
clavatum, refer to Gompboeeras clavatum.
conoidale, Wetherby, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat Hist,, vol. 4, Hud. Riv, Gr.
[-ig. conoidal.]
Cyrtoceras conradi, Hall, is Gomphoceras
conr di.
corniculum, Hall, see C. tenuistriatum.
cretaceum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New-
Spec . Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. chalky.]
densum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. thick J
formosum, Hall, 1879, Pal. NY., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
gibbosum, Hall, is a syn. for Gomphocer-
as oviforme.
hallanum instead of C. lamellosum, Hall.
hector, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
infundibulum, Whitfield, 1880, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. a funnel.]
irregulare, Wetherby, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. irregular.]
jason, refer to Gyroceras jason.
niarkcei, Castelnau. 1843, Systeme Sil-
urien, Trenton Gr. ( ?) [Ety. proper
name.]
olenus, Hall, in the addenda to the 1st
edition of this work, may be stricken
out as the species is now referred
to Trochoceras.
orion, Hall, refer to Trochoceras orion.
planidorsatum, Whitfield, 1880. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. having a level back.]
rectum, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig. straight.]
saccuhts, Meek and Worthen, refer to
Gomphoceras sacculus.
unicorne is from the Marshall or Kinder-
hook Gr.
Discites ammonis, Hall, 1879, Pal. NY.,
vol. 5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig of Amnion.]
inopinatus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. unexpected.]
marcellensis instead of Nautilus marcell-
ensis.
Endoceras bristolense, S. A. Miller, 1882,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
egani, S. A. Miller. 188*2, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
inaequabile, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
lamarcki, Billings, instead of Orthoceras
lamareki.
moutrealense, Billings, instead of Ortho-
ceras montrealense.
subannulatum, Whitfield, 1880, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. somewhat annulated.]
Gomphoceras abruptum, Hall, 1879, Pal.
X.Y., vol. 5, Ham. Gr. [s*Ig abrupt.]
306
CEPHALOPODA.
Gomphoceras absens instead of Cyrtoceras
ajax, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Portage Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
amphora, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. a bottle.]
beta instead of Cyrtoceras beta,
cammarus, Hall, 1879, Pal. ST. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a lobster.]
clavatum instead of Cyrtoceras clavatnm.
conradi instead of Cyrtoceras conradi.
cruciferum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Schoharie Grit. [Sig. cross bear-
ing.]
fax, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, Scho-
harie Grit. [Sig. a torch.]
gomphus, Hall, 1879. Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a club.]
hyatti, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New Spec.
Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
illaenus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Ety. supposed to
be from the genus IUcmua, but
quere ?.] -
impar, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, Up.
Held. Gr. [Sig. unequal.]
lunatum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. lunate]
manes, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Genessee Slate. [Ety. mythological.]
mitra, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a head band.]
pingue, Hall, 1879, Pal N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. fat.]
planum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. even.]
poculum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a cup.]
potens, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Waverly Gr. [Sig. powerful.]
raphanus. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a radish.]
rude, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. rough.]
sacculus instead of Cyrtoceras sacculus.
sciotoense, Whitfield, 1882, Desc New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Ety. proper name ]
solidum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.5,
Marcellus Shale. [Sig. solid.]
tumidum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. tumid.]
Goniatites andrewsi, Winchell, 1870,
Notices and Desc, from Marsh all Gr.,
etc., Marshall Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
canadensis, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Probably a syn. for Bellerophon
bilobatus.
colubrellus, Morton, 1836 (Ammonites
colubrellus), Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
vol. 29, Waverly Gr. [Sig. a little
snake.]
txpansus, Vanuxem, being preoccupied
by von Buch, in 1838. G. vanuxemi
has been proposed instead of it.
Goniatites goniolobus, Meek, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Sur., 40th parallel. Carbonifer-
ous. [Sig having angular lobes.]
hildrethi, Morton, 1836 (Ammonites
hildrethi), Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
vol. 29, Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
holmesi, G. ixion, G. morganensis, G.
osagensis. G. oweni, and G. oweni
var. parallelus, are from the Choteau
or Kinderhook Gr.
hyas is a syn. for G. lyoni.
k'ingi, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Expl. Expecl., 40th parallel, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
nundaia is a syn. for G. sinuosus.
ohioensis, Winchell, 1870, Notices and
Desc. Foss. from Marshall Gr. x [Ety.
proper name.]
opimus, White & Whitfield, 1862. Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. plump.]
plebeiformis, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Marcellus Shale. [Sig. from re-
semblance to G. plebeius/\ Proposed
instead of Porcellia rotatoria, Hall,
which was preoccupied in this genus.
vanuxemi. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Marcellus Shale. [Ety. proper name.]
Proposed instead of Q. expansus, of
Vanuxem, which was preoccupied
by Von Buch.
Gyroceras abruptum, Hall, 1879, Desc.
New Spec. Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
abrupt.]
burlingtonense, may be referred to Nau-
tilus burlingtonensis.
columbiense, Whitfield, 1882, Desc New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
duplicostatum, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Eep. Geo Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. double ribbed.]
elrodi, White, 1882, 11th Ann. Kep.
Geol. and Nat. Hist. Indiana, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
gracile is from the Kinderhook Gr.
jason, was described by Hall in 1862, in
15th Keg Kep., under the name of
Cyrtoceras ]ason.
laciniosum, Hall, 1879. Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. full of points.]
liratum, refer to Nautilus liratus.
matheri is from the Up. Held. Gr.
pratti, Barris, 1879, Proc. Dav. Acad.
Sci., vol. 2, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
seminodosum, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Sig. half nodose. ]
subliratum, refer to Nautilus subliratus.
undulatum is from the Up. Held. Gr.,
and dated 1842.
vagrans instead of vagans.
Hortholus americanus, refer to Lituites
americanus.
CEPHALOPODA.
307
Huronia stokesi, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Schoharie Grit. Not recognized.
Lituites americanus, Emmons, 1856 (Hor-
tholus americanus) Am. Geol., Black
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
convolvans, as identified by Hall, in Pal.
N. Y., vol. 1, is described as L.
americanus.
multicostatus, Whitfield, 1880. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. many ribbed]
murchisoni, Troost. Not defined so as to
be recognized.
Melia cancellatus, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol.
Not defined so as to be recognized.
Nautilus acrseus. Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y.,
vol. 5, Ham. Gr. [Sig. occupying a
height.]
barrandi, Hall, being preoccupied by Von
Hauer in 1850, N. magister has been
proposed in its place,
burlingtonensis instead of Gyroceras
burlingtonense .
cavus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. concave ]
danvillensis, White, 1878, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci , Coal Meas. [Ety. proper
name.]
digonus, refer to Trematodiscns digonus.
liratus instead of Gyroceras liratum.
liratus var juvenis, Hall. 1879, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 5, Ham. Gr. [Sig. young.]
magister, Hall, 1879, Pal. NY., vol 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. the chief.] Proposed
instead of N. barrandi, which was
preoccupied.
marcellensis, refer to Discites marcellen-
sis.
oceanus, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss.. Niagara Gr. [Sig. the ocean.]
ortoni, Whitfield. 1882. Desc. New Spec.
Foss from Ohio, Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
pauper, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New Spec.
Foss. from Ohio, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
poor]
subliratus instead of Gyroceras sublira-
tum.
Nelimenia incognita, Castelnau, 1843. Syst.
Sil. Probably a fragment of Phrag-
moceras or Oncoceras.
Oncoceras brevicurvatum, Whitfield, 1880,
Ann. Pep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton
Gr. [Sig. short curved ]
mummiforme, Whitfield, 18S0, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis. Trenton Gr. Sig.
mummiform.]
Orthoceras acicula, refer to Coleolus
acicula.
amycus, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
anguis, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y.,'vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. a serpent.]
annulato-costatum, Meek & Worthen, is
O. randolphense.
arcuatellum, Sandberger, identified by
Winchell, in Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
in 1862, is not an American species.
Orthoceras atreus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y.,
vol. 5, Portage Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
aulax, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a furrow.]
bebryx var. cayuga, Hall, 1877, Pal. N.
Y., vol. 5, Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
beloitense, Whitfield. 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
bipartitum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y.,vol. 5,
Up. Chemung Gr. [Sig. two parted.]
cselamen, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,-
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a bass relief.]
cancellation, Hall, refer to O. subcan-
ce Datum.
carltonense, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
carnosum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. fleshy.]
chemungense andO. indianense are from
the Kinderhook Gr.
cingulum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. a zone.]
clavatum, Hall, refer to O. desideratum.
cochleatum. Hall. 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Chemung Gr. [Sig. screw formed.]
collatum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. collected.]
columnare. Hall, refer to O. orus.
conicum, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. conical.]
constrictum, Vanuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep.
3d Dist. N. Y., Ham. Gr. [Sig. con-
stricted.]
constrictum, Conrad. Not defined so as
to be recognized, and it may be strick-
en from the list.
creon, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Ety. proper name.]
dawsonanum, n.sp , Carboniferous. Pro-
posed instead of O. perstrictum, Daw-
son, in Acadian Geology, p. 312, fig.
129, as the name was preoccupied by
Barrande.
demus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr [Sig. at Inst, solely.]
elegantulum is in vol. 5, Can. Nat., and
from the Up. Sil.
filiforme, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil., Ni-
agara Gr. [Sig. filiform.]
fluctum, Hall. 1879, Pal. N. Y , vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. waved.]
fulgidum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. shining.]
fustis, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Marcellus shale. [Sig. a club.]
griftithi, Haughton, 1857, Jour. Roy.
Dub. Soc, vol. 1, Devonian. ? [Ety.
proper name.]
harttanum, n. sp., Carboniferous. Pro-
posed instead of O. laqueatum, Hartt,
308
CEPHALOPODA.
in Acadian Geol., p. 312, fig. 128,
which was preoccupied.
Orthoceras herculaneum. Verneuil, 1846,
Bull, de la Soc. Geol. de France.
vol. 4, Low. Sil. [Sig. large of its
kind.]
hercules, Castelnau, 1843, Syst. Sil.
Up. Sil. [Ety. mythological name.]
hyas is a syn. for'O. thoas.
idmon, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, p.
302, Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
inoptatum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. undesfred ]
isogramma. Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. equal
weight.]
jaculum, Hall, 1879, Pal N. Y:, vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a dart.]
' kingi, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Sur., 40th
parallel, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
Iceve, refer to O. sublaeve.
laqueatum. Hartt, refer to O. harttanum.
leander. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lima, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a file.]
linteum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a girdle.]
masculum. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. masculine.]
medium, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. middle.]
michiganense. n. sp., Marshall Gr.. in
the Southern part of Michigan. Pro-
posed instead of O. multicinctum,
Winchell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.,
Sept.. 1862. p. 421.
moniliforme, Swallow, refer to O. swal-
lovanum.
multicinctum, Winchell, heing preoccu-
pied by Hall, I have proposed O.
michiganense.
nobile, Meek & Worthen, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat Sci., Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig.
famous, noted.]
occidentale, Winchell, heing preoccupied
by Swallow, I have proposed O. vin-
chellanum.
cedipus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y.. vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
ohioense instead of O. pelops var. ohio-
ense.
ommaneyi, Salter, 1852, in Sutherland's
Jour., vol. 2, Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
oneidaense, Walcott, 1879, Trans.' Alb.
Inst., vol. x, Utica Slate Gr. [Ety.
proper name]
oppletum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. filled up.]
pacator, Hall, 1879, Pal. N.Y.. vol. 5,
Portage Gr. [Sig. a peacemaker.]
palmatum, Hall. 1879, Pal. N.Y., vol. 5,
Chemung Gr. [Sig. marked with the
palm of a hand.]
pelops var. ohioense, refer to O. ohioense.
Orthoceras perstrictum, Dawson, being
preoccupied by Barrande I have pro-
posed O. dawsonanum.
pertextum, Hall, 1879. Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Chemung Gr. [Sig. woven through-
out.]
pervicax, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. firm.]
pravum. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. crooked.]
punctostriatum is from the Up. Sil.
randolphense, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No.
1. 111. St. Mus. Nat Hist., Kaskaskia
Gr. [Ety. proper name.] Proposed
instead of O. annulato-costatum,
Meek & Worthen, which was preoc-
cupied.
scintilla, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. a spark.]
sicinus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Marcellus Shales. [Ety. proper name.]
sirpus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a bull rush.]
spissum, Hi.ll. 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. compact.]
swallovanum, n. sp., Coal Measures in the
Valley of Verdigris in Kansas. [Ety.
proper name.] Proposed instead of
O. moniliforme, Swallow, in Trans.
St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, p. 200,
which was preoccupied by Hall,
tantalus, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Ety. mythological
name.]
telamon, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
tenere, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. delicate.]
tersum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. neat.]
textum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. that which is
braided ]
thestor, Hull, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Marcellus Shales. [Ety. mythologi-
cal name.]
thyestes. Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Portage Gr. [Ety. mythological
name.]
varum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig bent.]
vastator, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. a destroyer.]
Correct in the index, but printed O.
obliquum, on page 243.
viator, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Up. Held. Gr. [Sig. a traveller.]
vinchellanum, n. sp , Marshall Gr. in
Southern Michigan. [Ety. proper
name.] Proposed instead of O. occi-
dentale, Winchell, 1862. Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, 2d ser., vol. 33, p. 356,
which was preoccupied by Swallow,
wauwatosense, Whitfield, 1880, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
woodworthi was proposed by Mc-
Chesney, in 1865, instead of O. irreg-
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
309
ulare of McChesney, which was
preoccupied.
Petalichxus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. petalos,
spread out; ichnos. track.]
multipartitus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jonr.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica
Slate Gr. [Sig. many parted.]
Phragmoceras hoyi, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
hoyi var. Compressum. Whitfield. 1878,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. compressed.]
labiatum, Whitfield, 1878. Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Sig.
lipped.]
Piloceras amplum, Dawson, 1881, Can.
Nat., vol 10, Calciferous Gr. [Sig.
of large extent.]
Sklemina infundibuliforme, Castelnau, 1843,
Syst. Sil. Probably the fragment of
an Endoceras.
Teratichxus, S. A. Miller. 1880 Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety. teras, a
wonder; ichnos, track.]
confertus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist, vol. 2, Utica Slate
Gr. [Sig. pressed together.]
Traciiomatichxus, S. A. Miller, 1880,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. 2.
[Ety. trachoma, that which is made
rough; ichnos, track.]
cincinnatensis, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica
Slate Gr [Ety. proper name.]
numerosus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. 2, Utica
Slate Gr. [Sig. numerous.]
Trachomatichnus permultus, S. A. Miller,
1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol.
2, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig. very many.]
Trematoceras, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio. [Ety. trema,
a hole; keras, a horn.]
ohioense, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss., from Ohio, Up. Held.
Gr. [Ety. prope*r name.]
Trematodiscus digonus instead of Nautilus
digonus.
konincki, Wetherby, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Waverly Gr.
[Ety. proper name j
rocky montanus, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Trochoceras seneas, Hall, 1870, Rev. Ed.
20th Reg. Rep. Expl., pi. 25, Ni-
agara Gr. [Ety. mythological name.]
barrandei, Hall, 1879," Pal. N. Y., vol.
5, Schoharie Grit. [Ety. proper name.]
biton, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Ety. mythological
name.]
expansum, Hall, 1879, Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. expanded.]
orion instead of Cyrtoceras orion.
pandum, Hall, 1879. Pal. N. Y., vol. 5,
Schoharie Grit. [Sig. crooked.]
Trocholites circularis, Miller & Dyer,
1878, Cont. to Pal. No. 2, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. circular.]
minuscubis, Miller and Dyer, 1878,
Cont. to Pal. No. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. rather small.]
CLASS LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
Actixodesma subrectum, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New Spec. Foss. from Ohio,
Ham. Gr. [Sig. somewhat erect.]
Allorisma andrewsi, Whitfield. 1882. Desc.
New Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
antiquum is from the Kaskaskia Gr.
elongatum, Morton, 1836 (Pholadomya
elongata), Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts,
vol. 29, Coal Meas. [Sig. elongated.]
gilberti. White, 1879, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur., vol. 5, No. 2, Carboniferous.
[Ety. proper name.]
maxvillense, Whitfield. 1882, Desc New
Spec. Foss from Ohio, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Amboxychia retrorsa, S. A. Miller, 1878,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. turned back.]
robusta. S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. robust.]
Anatina leda is from the Kinderhook Gr.
Angellum, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour.. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1. [Ety. aggos,
a pail; ellus, diminutive.]
cuneatum, S, A. Miller, 1878, Jonr. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. wedge formed.]
Anthracoptera polita, White, 1880, 12th
Rep. U. S Geo. Sur. Terr., Coal
Meas. [Ety. polished.]
Area modesta is from the Kinderhook Gr.
Astartei.la gurleyi. White, 1878, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Coal Meas. TEty.
proper name.]
Avicula sesopus, A. angustirostra and A.
trilobata, from the Ham. Gr., A. mag-
na is from the Kaskaskia Gr., A. sub-
qnadrans is Devonian A. textilis var.
310
LAMELLIBRANCHIATA.
arenaria is from the Oriskany sand-
stone, and A. whitei is from the Kin-
derhook Gr.
Avicula cancellata, Barris, see Pterinea
pecteniformis, Hall, 1843, Geol. of N.Y.,
Chemung Gr The species is an Avi-
culopecten, and the name was preoc-
cupied by Conrad,
pinnaeformis. Geinitz, 1848 (Solen pinnae-
formis), Versteinerungen d. deutsch
Zechsteingebirg, Coal Meas. [Sig.
wing-formed.]
Aviculopecten caroli, and A. tenuicostus,
are from the Kinderhook Gr., and A.
oblongus is from the Warsaw Gr.
catactus, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl.
40th par., Carboniferous. [Sig. frail.]
curtocardinnlis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Coal
Meas. [Sig. short cardinal.]
iowensis,n. sp., Marshall or Kinderhook
Gr., at Burlington, Iowa. Proposed
instead of A. occidentalis, of Win-
chell, in 1863, in Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Phil., p. 9, which was preoccu-
pied by Shumard.
newarkensis, Wincheli, 1870, Notices &
Desc. Foss. from Marshall Gr., Mar-
shall Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
nodocostatus, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. having nodes
and ribs.]
occidaneus, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl.
40th parallel, Carboniferous. [Sig.
western ]
parvulus. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Coal Meas.
[Sig. little.]
spinuliferus, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. spine bearing]
weberensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.
S., Geo. Sur., 40th parallel, Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name ]
Cardinia aequimarginalis, refer to Ed-
mondia aequimarginalis.
occidentalis is from the Kinderhook or
Choteau Gr.
Cardiola salteri, Haughton, 1857, Jour.
Roy. Soc. Dub , vol. 1, Devonian.
[Ety. proper name.]
Cardiomorpha triangulata and C. trigon-
alis are from the Choteau or Marshall
Gr.
Cardiopsis crenistriata, refer to Pterinea
crenistriata.
Cardium nautiloides, Castelnau, 1843, Syst.
Sil., Seneca Lake, N. Y. [Sig. like a
Nautilus.]
Ch^enomya maria, Worthen, 1882, Bull.
No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat Hist., Up.
Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name. |
Cleidophorus chicagoensis, S. A. Miller,
1880, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol
3, Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
ellipticus, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. elliptical.]
Cleidophorus major, Ulrich, 1879, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. larger.]
semiradiatus and C. subovatus are
from the Arisaig series of the Upper
Silurian.
Conocardium antiquum, Owen, 1852, Geo.
Wis., Iowa & Minn., Silurian. [Sig.
ancient. ]
pulchellum, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. S,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Cuneamya curta, Whitfield, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. short. 1
elliptica, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. elliptical.]
neglecta instead of Sedgwiekia neglecta.
parva, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. small.]
Cypricardella plicata, refer to Goniopho-
ra plicata.
quadrate, White & Whitfield, 1862, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. quadrate.]
Cypricardia choteauensis and C. ven-
tricosa, are from the Choteau or
Kinderhook Gr., and C. shumardana,
from the St. Genevieve limestone or
St. Louis Group.
indianensis, refer to Cypricardinia (?)
indianensis.
subplana, refer to Edmondia subplana.
swallovana, n. sp., Coal Measures of
Harrison county, Missouri. Pro-
posed instead of C. occidentalis,
Swallow, 1863, in Trans. St. Louis
Acad. Sci.. p. 96.
Cypricardinia indianensis instead of
Cypricardia indianensis.
subovata. Miller & Dyer. 1878, Cont. to
Pal. No. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. sub-
ovate.]
Cypricardites biyfieldi, C. inconstans and
C. montrealensis may be restored to
the genus Vanuxemia, as it is proba-
bly distinct from this genus,
chemungensis, refer to Goniophora che-
mungensis.
megambonus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Trenton Gr. [Sig.
having a large umbo.]
quadrangularis, Whitfield, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Sig. quadrangular.]
sigmoideus is from the Hud. Riv. Gr.
Dexiobia halli, and D. whitei are from the
Marshall Gr.
Edmondia aequimarginalis, Wincheli, 1862
(Cardinia aequimarginalis)Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Marshall Gr. [Sig, equal
margined.]
bicarinate. E. elliptica. E. marionensis,
E. nitida, E. nuptialis, and E. stri-
L AMELLIBR ANC H I AT A .
311
gillata, are from the Marshall or Cho-
teau Gr.
Edmoxdia inlesi is a typographical error
for E. nilesi.
pinonensis, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl.
40th parallel, vol. 4, Devonian. [Ety.
proper name.]
subplana instead of Cypricardia sub-
plana.
Goxiophora ehemungensis, Vanuxem, 1842
(Cvpricardites ehemungensis), Geo.
Hep. N. Y., Chemung Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
plieata instead of Cypricardella plicata.
speeiosa, Hall, 1879, Desc. New Spec.
Foss., Niagara Gr. [Sig. beautiful.]
Isocardia, jennae is from the Marshall Gr.
Leptodomcs undulatus, Whitfield, 1878,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara
Gr. [Sig. undulated.]
Lithophaga illinoisensis, Worthen, 1882,
Bull. No. 1, 111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist.
[Ety. proper name.] Proposed instead
of the form identified as L. lingualis
of Phillips.
lingualis is not an American species.
Lucixa billingsana, n. sp. Devonian. This
name is proposed instead of L. occi-
dentalis, Billings. 1859, Assiniboine
& Saskatchewan, Ex. Exped., p. 187,
figs, b and c. It is from Snake Island,
Lake Winnipegosis. The specific
name octidentalia was preoccupied by
Morton for a Cretaceous species.
Luxulicardium fragosum, Meek, 1877
(Posidonomya fragosa), U. S. Geo.
Expl., 40th parallel, Carboniferous.
[Sig. rough.]
MaCRODox cochlearis is from the Marshall
Gr.
Megalomus compressus, Nicholson &
Hinile, 1874, Can. Jour., vol. 14,
Niagara Gr. [Sig. compressed.]
Modiolopsis cancellata, Waleott, 1879,
Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 10, Utica Slate
Gr. [Sig. cancellated.]
carrollensisT Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Galena Gr.
[Ety. proper name.] Proposed in-
stead of M. subnasuta of Meek &
Worthen, 1870, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
p. 41, which was preoccupied,
reetiformis, Worthen, 1882, Bull. No. 1,
111. St. Mus. Nat. Hist., Trenton Gr.
[Sig. straight formed.] proposed in-
stead of 31. orthonota, Meek &
Worthen, 1868, Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 3,
which was preoccupied.
Modiomorpha concentrica, should be Con-
rad, 1838 (Pterinea concentrica) Ann.
Pep. Geo. Sur., N. Y., etc.
Moxotis septentrionalis, Haughton, 1857,
Jour. Roy. Dub. Soc, vol. 1. [Sig.
northern.]
Myalixa apachesi is from the Subcarbon-
iferous ; M. concentrica from the War-
saw Gr., M. iowensis from the Mar-
shall Gr., and M. perattenuata was
described in 1858.
Myalixa iowensis, Winchell, 1865, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Mytilarca percarinata, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New Spec. Foss. from Ohio,
Up. Held, Gr. [Sig. very carinate.]
Nucula was described in 1801 ; N. hians,
N. houghtoni and N. microdonta are
from the Marshall or Kinderhook Gr.
iowensis was described in the Proc. Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, and is a Tel-
linomya. N. Stella is also a Tellin-
omya.
nasuta, refer to Nuculana nasuta.
perumbonata, White, 1879, Bull. U. S.
Geo. Sur., vol. 5, No. 2, Carbonifer-
ous. [Sig. having a very convex umbo.]
Nuculana dens-mamillata, N. nuculiformis,
N. pandoriformis, and N. saccata are
from the Marshall Gr.
nasuta instead of Nucula nasuta.
obesa, White, 1879, Bull. U. S. Geo. Sur.,
. vol. 5, No. 2, Carboniferous. [Sig.
plump.]
Nugulites mactroides is from the Marshall
Gr.
sulcatinus is from the Marshall Gr., and
is a Tellinomva.
triangularis, Hall & Whitfield. 1877, U.
S. Geo. Expl , 40th parallel, Devonian.
[Sig. triangular.]
yoldiiformis, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. shaped like a Yoldia.] It is not
a Nuculites.
Orthodesma byrnesi, S. A. Miller, 1881,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud.
Riv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
cuneiforme, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist , vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. wedge formed.]
mickelboroughi, Whitfield. 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
occidentale, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. western.]
subovale, Cliich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
6uboval.]
Orthoxota phaselia i* from the Marshall Gr.
ventricosa, White & Whitfield, 1862,
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8,
Kinderhook Gr. [Sig. ventricose.]
Orthoxotella, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5. [Ety.
orthos, straight ; notos, back ; ellus,
diminutive.]
faberi, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Ostrea patercula, Winchell, is from the
Marshall Gr.
Pal^oxeilo similis, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Erie
Shale, Portage ( ?) Gr. [Sig. similar.]
312
LAMELLIBRANCHIA TA.
Paracyclas peroccidens, Hall & Whitfield,-
1877, U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel.
Devonian. [Sig. far western.]
sahini is from the Chemung Gr.
Pernopecten limatus is from the Marshall
Gr.
Pholadomya elonqata is Allorisma elongatum.
Pinna ludlovi, Whitfield, 1876, in Ludlow's
Carroll to Yellowstone Park, Coal
Meas.. [Ety. proper name.]
maxvillensis, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
missouriensis is from the St. Genevieve
limestone, or St. Louis Gr.
Pleurorhynchus antiqua is Conocardium an-
tiquum.
Posidonia clathrata, P. distans, and P. per-
striata were described in 1853.
Posidonomya ambigua is from the Marshall
Gr.
fragosa, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl.,
40th parallel, refer to Lunulicardium
fragosum.
Prisconaia, Conrad, 1867, Am. Jour.
Conch., vol. 3. [Ety. proper name.]
ventricosa, Conrad, 1867, Am. Jour.
Conch., vol. 3, Coal Meas. [Sig. ven-
tricose.]
Pseudomonotis curia is Jurassic.
Pterinea brisa is probably a syn. for P.
strisecosta.
cancellata, Barris, 1879 (Avicula cancel-
lata) Proc. Dav. Acad. Sci. Cornifer-
ous limestone. [Sig. cancellated.]
concentrica is Modiomorpha concentrica.
crenistriata, Winchell, 1862 (Cardiopsis
crenistriata), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
Marshall Gr. [Sig. having wrinkled
striae.]
mucronata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. pointed.]
neglecta, McChesney, 1861, New Palaeo-
zoic Fossils, Niagara Gr. [Sig. over-
looked,
newarkensis, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Waverly Gr. [Ety. proper
name. ]
similis, Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New Spec.
Foss. from Ohio, Marcellus Shale.
[Sig. similar.]
spinalata, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Burlington (?) Gr. [Sig.
spine winged.]
Pteronites spergenensis, Whitfield, 1882,
Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 3,
Warsaw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Pyanomya, S. A. Miller, 1881. Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol 4. .[Ety. pyanos,
a bean; Mya, a genus.]
gibbosa, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin>
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4., Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. gibbous.]
Ptychodesma knappanum is from the Ham.
Gr.
Sanguinolaria leptogaster is from the
Marshall or Kinderhook Gr.
Sanguinolites chemungensis, refer to
Goniophora chemungensis.
amygdalinus, S. iowensis, S. jejunus, S.
missouriensis, S. nasutus, S. strigatus
and S. sulciferus are from the Mar-
shall or Kinderhook Gr.
naiadiformis, Winchell, 1870, Notices &
Desc. Foss, from the Marshall Gr.
[Sig. like a water nymph.]
securis, Winchell, 1870, Notices & Desc.
Foss. from Marshall Gr. [Sig. broad-
edged axe.]
sulciferus is from Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
1863.
Schizodus subtrigonalis, Meek, 1871, Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci., Waverly Gr., [Sig.
subtrigonal.]
Sedgwickia lunulata, Whitfield, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. resembling alittle crescent.]
neglecta, is Cuneamya neglecta.
Tellinomya angustata, and T. attenuata
are from the Upper Silurian,
cingulata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. girded.]
iowensis instead of Nucula iowensis.
stella instead of Nucula Stella.
sulcatina instead of Nuculites sulcatinus.
Unio orthonotus is Modiolopsis orthonota.
primigenius is Modiolopsis primigenia.
Vanuxemia, Billings, 1858, Can. Nat. &
Geol., vol. 3. [Ety. proper name.]
This genus may be restored as it is
probably distinct from Cypricardites
though related to it. The species are
V. bayfieldi, V. inconstans, V. dixon-
ensis, V. montrealensis and V. tom-
kinsi.
tomkinsi, Billings, 1860, Can. Jour , vol.
6, Corniferous limestone. [Ety. prop-
er name.]
Yoldia rushensis, McChesney, instead of
Y. gibbosa, McChesney, as the latter
was preoccupied. And Y. knoxensis
instead of Y. polita for like reason.
ANNELIDA.
313
SUBKINGDOM ARTICULATA.'
CLASS ANNELIDA.
Arabellites, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35.
ascialis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Kiv. Gr.
[Sig. axe shaped.]
cervicornis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Kiv.
Gr. [Sig. deer horned.]
cornutus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud.. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. horned.]
crenulatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Eiv.
Gr. [Sig. crenulated.]
cristatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. tufted.]
cuspidatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. pointed.]
elegans, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
elegant.]
gibbosus. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. gibbous.]
harnatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. hooked ]
lunatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud Riv. Gr.
[Sig. lunate.]
obliquus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. oblique.]
ovalis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc.
Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
oval.]
pectinatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. pectinated.]
quadratus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Silurian [Sig.
quadrate.]
rectus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. straight.]
scutellatus, Hinde, 1879, .Quar. Jour.
Geo. Stfc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. scutellated.]
similis, Hinde, 1879. Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
similar.]
Conchicolites is regarded by Prof. Hall
as a syn. for Cornulites.
Cornulites clintoni, Hall, 1879, 28th Reg.
Rep., Clinton Group. [Ety proper
name.] This name was proposed in-
stead of C. flexuosus which is preoc-
cupied, when Conchicolites is regarded
as synonymous with Cornulites.
Distacodus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35. [Ety. distazo to
doubt; odous a tooth.] "
incurvus, Pander, 1856, (Machairodus
incurvus,) Monogr. d. foss. Fische. cl.
Silur. syst., Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig in-
curved.]
Drepanodus, Pander, 1856, Monogr. d.
foss. Fische. d. Silur. syst. [Ety. dre-
pane, a sickle; odous tooth.]
arcuatus, Pander, 1856, Monogr. d. foss.
Fische. d. Silur. syst., Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. arcuate.]
Eotrophonia, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1. Not satisfactorily
defined.
setigera, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1. Not satisfactorily
defined, and specimen too poor for
definition.
Eunicites, Ehlers, 1868, Palaeontographica
vol. 17. [Ety. from the genus Eunice,
a Nereid; and lithos, stone.]
alveolatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
hollowed out like a tray.]
chiromorphus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond. vol. 35, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. hand formed.]
clintonensis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr.
[Ety. proper name. J
compactus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. compact.]
contortus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol., 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. contorted.]
coronatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
coronated]
digitatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. digitated.]
gracilis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. slender.]
major, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. River. Gr.
[Sig. larger.]
nanus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
a dwarf.]
* Note.— I have included here the Conodonts, because there is no good reasorr'why they should be
placed in the Class Pisces.
314
ANNELIDA.
Eunicites palmatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. palmate.]
perdentatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. many toothed.]
politus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
polished.]
similis, var. arcuatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. arcuate.]
simplex, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
tumidus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
tumid.]
Glycerites, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35. [Ety. from the
genus Glyceris', and lithos, stone.]
calceolus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Niagara Gr. [Sig.
a little shoe.]
sulcatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. furrowed.]
sulcatus, var. excavatus, Hinde, 1879,
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35,
Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig. excavated.]
Lumbriconereites, Ehlers, 1868, Palaeon-
tographica, vol. 17. [Ety. from the
genera Lumbricus and Nereis • and
lithos, stone.]
armatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
armed.]
hasalis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
pertaining to the base.]
dactylodus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. finger-toothed.]
triangularis, Hinde, 1879. Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. triangular.]
Machairodus, Pander, 1856. This name was
preoccupied. See Distacodus.
incurvus, see Distacodus incurvus.
Moxocraterion, Torell, 1869, Acta univei 1 -
sitatis lundensis. [Ety monos, one ;
kraterion, a small basin.]
lesleyi, Prime, 1878, Geo. Sur. Pa. DD,
Calciferous (?). Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Nereidavus, Grinnell, 1877, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser.. vol. 14. [Ety. Ne-
reis, a genus; avus, grandfather ]
solitarius, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
solitary.]
varians, Grinnell, 1877, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser., vol 14, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. variable.]
Oexites, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc.
Lond., vol. 35. [Ety. Oenas, a genus ;
lithos, stone.]
amplus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
ample.]
Oenites carinatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv.
Gr. [Sig. carinated.]
cuneatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. wedged.]
curvidens, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. bent toothed.]
fragilis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr. [Sig.
fragile.]
inaequalis, Hinde, 1S79, Quar. Jour. Geo-
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr-
[Sig. unequal.]
infrequens, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Clinton Gr.
[Sig. infrequent.]
rostratus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. beaked.]
serratus. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. serrated.]
Planolites, Nicholson, 1873, Proc. Roy. Soc.
[Ety. pianos, a wanderer; lithos,
stone.] Syn. for Pateeophycus.
vulgaris, Nicholson, a Palaoophycus.
Polygnathus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35. [Ety. polys,
many; gnathos, a jaw.]
coronatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
coronated.]
crassus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
thick.]
cristatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
tufted.]
curvatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
curved.]
dubius, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
doubtful.]
duplicatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. duplicated.]
eriensis. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
immersus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig immersed.]
linguiformis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. tongue-shaped.]
nasutus. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
nana be.]
palmatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
palmate.]
pennatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
ANNELIDA.
315
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
winged.]
Polygnathus princeps, Hinde, 1879,
Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35.
Ham. Gr. [Sig. the chief.]
punctatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. punctated ]
radiatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
radiated.]
serratus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
serrated.]
simplex, Hinde, 1S79, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
simple.]
solidus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
solid.]
truncatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
truncated.]
tuberculatum, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. London, vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. tuberculated.]
Prioniodus, Pander, 1856, Monogr. d. foss.
Fiscbe d. Silur. Syst. [Ety. ptionion,
a small saw; odous, a tooth.]
abbreviates, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. abbreviated.]
acicularis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
acicular.]
alatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
winged.]
angulatus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
angulated.]
armatus, Hinde, 1S79, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
armed.]
elegfins. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. elegant.]
erraticus,. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Loud., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
erratic]
furcatus. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. forked.]
panderi, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
politus, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. polished.]
Pkixoidus radicans, Hinde, 1879, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Hud.
Eiv. Gr. [Sig. rooting.]
spicatus. Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour. Geo.
Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Ham. Gr. [Sig.
spiked.]
Protoscolex, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin Soc.
Nat Hist., vol. 1. [Ety. protos, first;
skolex, a worm.]
covingtonensis, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Utica Slate Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
ornatus, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. ornate.]
simplex, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
iSat. Hist., vol. 1, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
tenuis, Ulrich, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist., vol. 1, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
slender.]
Scolithus is doubtless the work of some
kind of a borer,
tuberosus, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont.
to Pal. No. 2, Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Sig.
full of humps.]
woodi, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Eep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Serpula insita, White, 1878, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., CoalMeas. [Sig. inserted.]
Spirorbis anthracosia, Whitfield, 1881,
Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol.
21, Coal Meas.[Sig. pertaining to coal.]
cincinnatensis, Miller & Dyer, 1878,
Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1,
Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
omphalodes, Goldfuss, 1826, Germ. Pe-
tref., Up. Held, and Ham. Gr. [Sig.
like a navel or boss.]
spinuliferus, Nicholson, 1875, Pal. Prov.
Ont., Ham. Gr. [Sig. spine bearing.]
Staurocephalites, Hinde, 1879, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35. [Ety.
stauros, a cross ; kephale, head ; lithos,
stone.]
niagarensis, Hinde, 1879, Quar. Jour.
Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 35, Niagara Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Walcottia, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1. [Ety. proper
name.]
cookana, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to
Pal. No. 2, Hud. Eiv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
rugosa, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Eiv. Gr.
[Sig. rugose.]
316
CKUSTACEA.
CLASS CRUSTACEA.
Acidaspis fimbriata, Hall, 1879, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Niagara Gr. [Sig.
fimbriated.]
parvula, Walcott, 31st Keg. Rep.
Aglaspis eatoni, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Agnostus communis, Hall & Whitfield,
1877, U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th parallel,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. common.]
neon, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
prolongus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. prolonged.]
tumidosus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl. 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. high swelling.]
Agratjlos woosteri, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Amphipeltis is from Amphi, on both sides,
instead of doubtful.
Arctinurus, Castelnau, syn. for Lichas.
Arges, signifies bright or shining, instead
of a mythological name.
ARiONELLUSConvexuSjWhitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. convex.]
pustulatus, Walcott, 31st Reg. Rep.
Asaphoidichnus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2. [Ety.
Asaphus, a genus; eidos, form; ichnos,
dyeri, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
trifidus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate
Gr. [Sig. trifid.]
Asaphus caudatus, Green, syn. for Dalman-
ites limulurus. (?)
cordieri, Castelnau, syn. for Dahnanites
limulurus.
crypturus was described by Green in
1834, Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., vol. 1,
pt. 1.
ditmarsiae, Honeyman, 1879, Proc. Nova
Scotia Inst., vol. 5, Lower Silurian.
[Ety. proper name.]
edwardsi, Castelnau, syn. for Dalmanites
limulurus.
homalonotoides is in 31st Reg. Rep. N.
Y.
murchisoni, Castelnau, syn. lor A. gigas.
nodostriatus, Hall. 1847," Pal. N. Y., vol.
1. Not defined so as to establish a
species,
triangulatus, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis , Trenton Gr. [Sig.
triangular.]
Atops, Emmons, 1844, Taconic System.
This genus should probably be re-
stored because it is distinct from Tri-
arthrus. There is only one species
defined. Atops trilineatus. It is re-
lated to Conocephalites, and as a ge-
neric name has priority.
Bathyurus pogonipensis, Hall and Whit-
field, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl. 40th
parallel, Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Beyrichia lithofactor should be defined as
maker Of stone, and so also B. petri-
f actor,
persulcata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist. vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr. [Sig.
very much furrowed.]
regularis was named from the regular
bars instead of "formed in bars."
Bronteus was defined by Goldfuss in 1839,
in Nova Act. Phys. Med. Csesarea;
Leop-Carol. Nat. Curios, xix., pt. 1,
p. 360.
canadensis, Logan, 1846, Rep. Geo. Sur.
Canada, Low. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
flabellifer, Goldfnss, Nova. Acta Acad.
Caes. Leop. Nat. Cur. vol., 19 Up.
Silurian. [Sig a fan bearer.]
laphami, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
Calymene christyi is from the Hud. Riv. Gr.
conradi, Emmons, 1856, Am. Geol., Lor-
raine Shales or Hud. Riv. Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
nasuta, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat.
Hist vol. 2, Niagara Gr. [Sig. nasute.]
rostrata, Vogdes. 1880, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Clinton Gr. [Sig. hooked.]
Ceratiocaris grandis, Pohlman, 1881, Bull.
Buf. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Water-
lime Gr. [Sig. grand]
Ceraurus rarus is in 31st Reg. Rep.
Chariocephalus tumifrons, Hall & Whit-
field, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th
parallel, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. having
a tumid front.]
Coxocephalites binodosus instead of C.
binodus.
calciferus, Walcott, 1879. 32 Reg. Rep.,
Calciferous Gr. [Sig. calcifer-
ous.]
calymenoides, Whitfield, 1878. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. like a Calymene.]
explanatus, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
spread out]
harti, Walcott, 1879, 32d Reg. Rep ,
Calciferous Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
laticeps, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
CRUSTACEA.
317
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
dr. [Sig. having a wide head.]
Coxocephalites quadratus, Whitfield, 1880,
Ann. Rep. Geo. Snr. Wis., Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. quadrate.]
subeoronatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. somewhat coronated.]
Crepicephalcs angolatus, Hall & Whit-
field, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th par-
allel, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. angulated.]
anytus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Etv. proper name.]
centralis, Whitfield, 1877, Rep. on Pal.
of the Black Hills, Potsdam Gr. [Sig.
central.]
gibbesi, Whitfield. 1880, Ann. Kep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
granulosus, Hall & Whitfield. 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. granulous.]
haguei, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
maculosufl, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. spotted.]
nitidus. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl.. 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. neat.]
onustus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Sig. full.]
planus, Whitfield, 1877, Rep. on Pal. of
Black Hills, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. plane.]
' quadrans. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Quebec Gr.
[Sig. a quarter.]
simulator. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl.. 40 parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. an imitator.]
unisulcatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1S77, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel. Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. one furrowed.]
Cytherk carbonaria, refer to Leperditia car-
bonaria .
irregularis, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. irregular.] The species does not
belong to this genus.
f'YTHERELEIXA, JoiieS & Hall.
glandella. Whitfield, 1882, Bull. No. 3,
Am. Mus Nat. Hist., Warsaw Gr.
[Sig a small kernel ]
< 'ytheropsis ruffosa, is Primitia rugosa.
Dai.mamtks calliteles, signifies a beautiful
tail,
intermedins is in 31st Heg Rep.
Dkki-i.ocki'hai.ts, see Pterocephalia,
which has priority.
barabuensis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. AVis., Low. Magnesian Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
bilobatus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. two lobed.]
eatoni, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Low. Magnesian Gr.
[Ety. proper name. 1
DiCELLOCEPHOLcs flabellifer, Hall & Whit-
field, 1877, U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th par-
allel, Potsdam Gr. [Sig. a fan bearer.]
gothicus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. gothic]
lodensis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr. [Ety. proper
name.]
multicinctus, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.
S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Potsdam
Gr. [Sig. many girded.]
quadriceps. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.
S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Quebec
Gr. [Sig. square headed.]
sancti-sabse, Roemer, 1849, Texas Mit.
naturwissench Anhang. (Pter-
ocephalia sancti-sabae), and 1852,
Kreid von Texas, Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
wahsatchensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel,
Quebec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Doeichopterus mansfieldi, Hall, 1877,
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, Lower Coal
Meas. [Ety. proper name.]
Echinocaris, Whitfield, 1880. Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 19. [Ety.
echinos, the sea urchin ; karis, a
shrimp.]
multinodosa, Whitfield, 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 19, Erie
Shales. [Sig. many noded.J
pustulosa, Whitfield, 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 19, Erie
Shales, [sig. pustulous.]
subkevis, Whitfield. 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 19, Erie
Shales. [Sig. somewhat smooth.]
Echinognathus, Walcott, 1882, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23. [Ety.
echinos, sea urchin; gnathos, the jaw.]
clevelandi, Walcott, 1882, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23, Utica
blate Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Elliptocephala curta is Olenellus cartas, and
K. asaphoides is O. asaphoides. Ole-
nellus is a syn. for Elliptocephala of
Emmons, but the latter name being
preoccupied, Olenellus must be used. J
Excrixurus egani. S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat., Hist., vol. 2, Niagara
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
minis. This is not an Encrinurus, but
I am not able to refer it satisfactorily
to any genus.
trentonensis, and E. varicostatus are in
the 31st Reg. Rep.
Enoploura, Wetherby, 1878, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 1. Proposed instead
of Anomalocystites upon the ground
that it is a Crustacean instead of a
Cystidean.
Estheria, Ruppell and Straus-Durekheim,
1837, Mus. r-M'nckenberg. vol. 2, p.
119. [Ety. proper name.]
318
CKUSTACEA.
Estheria pulex, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23, Ham.
Gr. [Sig. a flea.l
Eurypterus eriensis, Whitfield, 1882, Desc.
New Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Low.
Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
pennsylvanicus, Hall, 1877, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc., Devonian. [Ety. proper
name.]
pulicaris, signifies like a flea.
Eusarcus, Grote and Pitt, 1877, Bull. Buf.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4. [Ety. eu, well
off; sarkos, flesh.]
grandis, Grote and Pitt, 1877, Bull. Buf.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Waterlime Gr.
[Sig. grand.]
scorpionis, Grote and Pitt, 1877, Bull.
Buf. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4,Waterlime
Gr. [Sig. scorpion.]
Helminthoidichnites marinus, is Gordia mar-
ina, Emmons, 1844, Taconic Syst.
Homalonotus atlas, H. giganteus and H.
herculaneus of Castlenau are syn-
onyms for H. delphinocephalus, or
they are not recognized for want of
proper definition.
Ill^nurus convexus, Whitfield, 1878. Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Low. Mag. Gr.
[Sig. convex.]
Ile^enus indeterminatus is in 31st. Peg.
Pep. N. Y.
niagarensis, Whitfield, 1880, Ann. Rep.
Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
pterocephalus, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Niagara Gr.
[Sig. winged head.]
Isochilina jonesi, Wetherhy, 1881, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Isotelus canalis is from the Chazy Gr.
megistos was described in the Trans.
Assoc. Am. Geol. and Naturalists.
Leperditia angulifera, Whitfield, 1882,
Desc. New. Spec. Foss. from Ohio,
Low. Held. Gr. [Sig. hearing angles.]
hillingsi, Jones, 1881, Ann. & Mag.
Nat. Hist., 5th ser., vol. 18, Trenton
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
hivertex, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. two headed.]
CEecigena, S. A. Miller, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Hud. Riv. Gr.
i [Sig. born blind.]
carbonaria, instead of Cythere carbon-
aria,
crepiformis, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Sig. boot form.]
radiata, Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. radiated.]
unicornis. Ulrich, 1879, Jour. Cin. Soc.
Nat. Hist., vol. 2, Utica Slate Gr.
[Sig. one horned.]
Lichas emarginatus, Hall, 1879, 28th Reg.
Rep., Niagara Gr. [Sig. einargin-
ated.]
Lichas harrisi, S. A. Miller, 1878, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, Hud. Riv. Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Lisgocaris, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d. ser., vol.23. [Syn. for
Spathiocaris.]
lutheri, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour. Sci. and
Arts. 3d ser., vol. 23, Ham. Gr., refer
to Spathiocaris lutheri.
Microdiscus lobatus is from the Taconic or
Lower Potsdam, and M. speciosus was
described in 1873.
Ogygia parabola, Hall & Whitfield, 1877,
U. S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Que-
bec Gr. [Sig. a parabola.]
producta. Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Quebec Gr.
[Sig. extended.]
Olenellus asaphoides was described in the
Taconic System.
curtus, Whitfield, 1878 (Elliptocephalus
curtus), Ann. Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis ,
Potsdam Gr. [Sig. short.]
PAi^:oPAL.EMON,Whitfiekl, 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 19. [Ety..
palaios, ancient; Pahemon, a genus.]
newberryi, Whitfield, 1880, Am. Jour.
Sci and Arts., 3d ser., vol. 19, Erie
Shales. [Ety. proper name.]
Phillipsia tennesseensis is from the Kin-
derhook Gr.
tuberculata, Meek & Worthen, 1870,
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Burlington
Gr. [Sig. tuberculated ]
Plumulites was described by Barrande,
1872, Syst. Sil. Boh. Instead of Plum-
ulites, English authors use Turrilepis,
proposed by Woodward in 1865, but
not defined so a6 to be understood,
devonicus, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23, Ham. Gr.
[Sig. devonian.]
newberryi. Whitfield, 1882, Desc. New
Spec. Foss. from Ohio, Portage Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Primitia rugosa instead of Cytheropsis ru-
gosa.
Proetus auriculatus, P. doris and P. swal-
lovi are from the Waverly, Choteau
or Kinderhook Gr.
davenportensis, Barris, 1879, Proc. Dav.
Acad. Sci., Corniferous limestone.
[Ety. proper name.]
denticulatus, Meek, 1877, U. S. Geo.
Expl., 40th parallel, Devonian. [Sig.
denticulated.]
granulatus, Wetherby, 1881, Jour. Cin.
Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. granulated.]
loganensis, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.S.
Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
parviusculus w*s described in the 13th
Reg. Rep. 1860, from the Hud. Riv.
Gr.
peroccidens, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U.
S. Geo. Expl., 40th parallel, Waverly
Gr. [ Sig. from the far west.]
PISCES.
319
Protichxites alternans, P. latus, P. line-
atus, P. multinotatus, P. oeto-notatus
and P. septem-notatus are from the
Potsdam Gr.
Pterocephalia Roemer, 1849, Texas, Mit
naturwissench. Anhang. Bonn., and
afterward in 1852, Kreid von Texas.
[Ety. pteron wing: IcephaleheaA;] It
18 identical with Dicellocephalus, and
has priority of definition, and was
illustrated the same year.
sancti-sabaa, Roemer, 1849, Texas. Mit
naturwissench. Anhang., and in 1852,
Kreid von Texas., Potsdam Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Pterygotus buffaloensis. Pohlman, 1881,
Bull. Buf. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4,
Waterlline Gr. [Etv. proper name.]
cummingsi, Grote & Pitt, 1877, Bull
Buf. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, Water-
lime Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Ptychaspis rainuta, Whitfield, 1878, Ann.
Rep. Geo. Sur. Wis., Potsdam Gr.
[Sig. minute.]
pustulosa, Hall & Whitfield, 1877, U. S.
Geo. Expl.. 40th Parallel, Potsdim
/ Gr. [Sig. pustulous.]
speciosa, Walcott, 1879, 32d Reg. Rep.
[Sig beautiful.]
striata, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. Geo.
Sur; Wis., Potsdam, Gr. [Sig.
striated.]
Rhachura, Scudder, 1878, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist. [Ety. rachis, a ridge ; oura,
tail.]
Rhachura venosa, Scudder, 1878, Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.. Coal Meas. [Sig.
full of veins.]
Rusichxites carbonarius, Dawson, 1868,
Acadian Geology, Carboniferous. [Sig.
pertaining to Carbon.]
grenvillensis, Dawson, Chazy Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Solexopleura nana, Ford, 1878, Am. Jour.
Sci. and Arts. 3d ser., vol. 15, Pots-
dam Gr. [Sig. a dwarf.]
Spathiocaris, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23. [Ety.
spathe, a spathe; karis, a shrimp.]
emersoni, Clarke, 1882, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 23, Portage
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
lutheri instead of Lisgocaris lutheri.
Triarthrus becki is from the Utica Slate
Gr.
fischeri, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., Que-
bec Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
glaber, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and
Geol., vol. 4, Utica Slate Gr. [Sig.
smooth.]
spinosus is from the Utica Slate Gr.
tvilineatus should be referred to Atops
trilineatus.
Trixucleus bellulus, Ulrich, 1878, Jour.
Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 1, is from
the Utica Slate, and 6eems to be the
young of T. concentricus.
CLASS ARACHNIDA.
Eoscorpius was published in vol. 46, Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts.
CLASS MYRIAPODA.
Euphoberia was published in vol. 46, Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts.
CLASS INSECTA.
Archimylacris mantis is a typographical
or accidental mistake, and the name
should be stricken out.
Ephemerites primordialis. Scudder, 1878.
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Coal
Meas. [Sig. primordial.]
Termes, Linnaeus, 1748, Systema Naturae,
p. 610, and older authors. [Ety .termes,
a worm that eats wood]
contusus, Scudder, 1878, Proc. Bost. Soc.
Nat. Hist.. Coal Meas. [Sig. broken
or bruised]
CLASS PISCES.
Acoxdylacaxthus (?) mudgianus, St.
John & Worthen (In press), Geo Sur.
111., vol. 7. Up. Coal Meas. [Ety.
proper name.]
nuperus. St John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur 111., vol. 7, Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. new.]
Acoxdylacaxthus rectus, St. John <fc
Worthen (In press), Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 7, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. straight.]
xiphias, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. a sword fish.]
Amacaxthus can not be derived from ana-
320
PISCES.
kanthos, and its etymology is not ap.-
parent unless it is from arna, together ;
and kanthos, the felly of a wheel.
Asteroptychtus tenellus, St. John &
Worthen (In press), Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 7, Up. Coal Meas. [Sig. young,
delicate.]
Batacanthus (?) necis, St. John & Worth-
en (In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7,
Keokuk Gr. [Sig. death]
Gatopterus macrurus is from the Triassie,
and the specific name signifies long
tailed.
Chitonodus, St. John & Worthen fin
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. [Ety.
chiton, a smock or coat ; odous. a tooth.]
antiquus, St. John & Worthen (In press).
Geo. Sur 111., vol. 7, Low. Burlington
Gr. [Sig. ancient]
latus, Leidy. 1856 (Cochliodus latus),
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 11, p. 87.
PI. 5, fig. 17, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
wide.]
liratus. St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. furrowed ]
rugosus instead of Poecilodus rugosus,
P. ornatus and P. convolutns.
springeri, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Burlington
Gr. [Ety. proper name. J
tribulis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig one of the same tribe.]
Cladodus occidentalis, Leidy, 1859, Proc.
Acad Nat Sci., Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. western.]
Cochliodus is derived from kochlias, any-
thing spird; odous, a tooth.
crassus, Newberry & Worthen, is a syn.
for Sancfalodus lasvissimus.
latus. refer to Chitonodus latus.
nitidus, Leidy. 1856, refer to Delto-
ptychius nitidus.
nobilis, Newberry & Worthen, syn. for
Chitonodus latus.
obliquus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. Ill , vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. oblique ]
occidentalis, Leidy, 1856. refer to Del-
todus occidentalis.
validus, St. John & Worthen i In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. strong, stout]
vanhornii, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Copodus pusillus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. very small.]
vanhornii, St John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety proper name.]
Ctenacanthus buttersi, St. John & Worth-
en (In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7.
[Ety. proper n me.]
cannaliratus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Sig. reed furrowed.]
Ctenacanthus costatus, refer to Eunema-
canthus costatus.
coxanus. St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
deflexus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. deflexed ]
harrisoni, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
pellensis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Ety. proper name.]
Ctenodus dialophus, Cope, 1878. Pal.
Bull. No. 29, Permian. [Sig through
the neck.]
fossatus, Cope, 1S77, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Permian. [Sig. dug out..]
gurleianus. Cope, 1877. Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
periprion. Cope. 1878, Pal Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. a round saw]
porrectus, Cope, 1878. Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. prolonged.]
pusillus, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull. No. 26,
Permian [Sig. very small.]
Ctenoptychtus digit 'tus. Leidy, 1856,
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc , vol. 11, St.
Louis Gr. [Sig digitated.]
semicircularis, refer to Peripristis senii-
circularis.
Deltodopsis, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. Ill , vol. 7. [Ety.
from the resemblance to the genus
Beltodus.]
afflnis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. S"r. 111., vol. 7, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. near to.]
angusta, Newberry & Worthen, instead
of Deltodus angustus.
bialveata, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. Up.
Burlington Gr [Sig. twice hollowed
out.]
convexa, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up.
Burlington and Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
convex.]
convoluta, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. Up.
Burlington Gr. [Sig. convoluted.]
exornata, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo Sur. 111., vol. 7, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig. adorned.]
keokuk, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Ety. proper name ]
stludovici, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. III., vol. 7, St. Louis
Gr. [Ety. proper name ]
Deltodus alatus, Newberry & Worthen,
syn. for Chitonodus latus.
angularis. Newberry & Worthen, syn.
for Orthopleurodus carbonarius.
angustus, refer to Deltodopsis angusta.
PISCES.
321
Deltodus cinctulus, St. John & Worthen
(In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, War-
saw Gr. [Sig. small girt]
fasciatus, refer to Taeniodus fasciatus.
intermedius, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. intermediate.]
latior, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. to be concealed.]
occidentalis. Leidy, 1856 (Cochliodus
occidentals), Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
vol. 11. Warsaw and Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. western.]
parvus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Suit. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. small.]
powelli, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Garb.
[Ety. proper name ]
propinquus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Coal
lieu [Sig. near.]
rhomboideu*, Newberry & Worthen, is a
syn. for Sandalodus spatulatus.
stellatus, Newberry & Worthen, syn.
for D. occidentalis.
trilohus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. three lobed.]
Deltoptychius expansus, St. John &
Worthen (In press), Geo. Sur. 111..
, vol. 7, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. expanded ]
nitidus, Leidy, 1856 (Cochliodus nitidus),
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 11, Kas-
kaskiiGr. [Sig. neat.]
primus, St. John & Worthen (In press).
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Burling-
ton Gr. [Sig. first.]
varsoviensis, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, War-
saw Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wachsmuthi. St John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
Diplodus penetrans is from the Can. Nat.
& Geol., vol. 5.
Ectosteorhachis, Cope, 1880. Pal. Bull.
No. 32. [Ety. ektos, without; rachis,
a ridge.]
nitidus. Cope, 1880. Pal. Bull. No. 32,
Permian. [Sig neat.]
Euxemacaxthus. St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo Sur. 111., vol. 7. [Ety.
eu, well; nema, a line; akantha, a
spine.]
costatus, Newberry & Worthen, in-
stead of Ctenacanthus costatus.
Glymmatacaxthus petrodoides, St. John
& Worthen (In press). Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr. [Sig. like
Petrodus.]
rudis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. Ill , vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. a slender stick.]
GYRACAxruus cordatus, St. John &
Worthen (In press), Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 7, Keokuk Gr. [Sig. judicious.]
Helodus consolidates, Newberry & Worth-
en, syn. for Chitonodus la us.
gibbus, Leidy, 1856, Trans. Am.
Phil. Soc, vol. 11, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
gibbous. 1
placenta, refer to Psephodus placenta.
Janassa. Minster, 1*39, Beitrage zur
Petrefakten-kunde, vol. 1. and in
Ag. Poiss. Foss.. vol. 3, p. 375. [Ety.
mythological name.]
gurleiana, Cope. 1877 (Strigilina gurlei-
ana) Proc Am. Phil. Soc, Permian.
[Ety. proper name.]
Leptophkactus was accidentally printed in
this class, but it also appeared cor-
rectly among the Reptilia.
Oracaxthus consimilis, St. John & Worth-
en, syn. for O. vet'istus.
rectus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr.
[sig. straight.]
vetustus, Leidy. 1856, Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig. ancient.]
Orthacanthus quadriseriatus, Cope, 1877,
Pal. Bull., No. 26, Permian. [Sig.
having four series.]
Orthopleurodus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo Sur. 111., vol. 7. [Ety.
orthos, straight; pleura, side; odous,
a tooth.]
carbonarius, Newberry & Worthen, in-
stead of Sandalodus carbonarius.
convexus, St John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Coal
Meas. [Sig. convex.]
novomexicanus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Low.
Carb. [Ety. proper name.]
Paljeobatis. Leidy. 1856, Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol 11. [Ety. palaios, ancient;
batis, a prickly kind of roach or ray.]
insignis, Leidy, 1856 Trans. Am. Phil.
Soc, vol. 11, Keokuk Gr. [Sig.
marked ]
Pal^oxiscus alberti, refer to Rhadinichthys
alberti.
cairnsi, refer to Rhadinichthys cairnsi.
jacksoni, Dawson, 1877. Can. Nat. Quar.
Jour Sci., vol. 8, Carboniferous. [Ety.
proper name ]
modulus, see Rhadinichthys modulus.
Peripristis Agassiz, 1870, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc , vol. 11. [Ety peri, around ;
pristis, a saw.]
semicircularis, Newberry & Worthen,
1S66 (Ctenoptichius semicircularis),
Geo. of III., vol. 2, Coal Meas. [Sig.
semicircular.]
Petalodus distructor is a syn. for P. al-
leghaniensis.
Petaloriiyxchus being neuter the specific
names should be made to correspond.
Physoxemus falcatns, St. John & Worthen
(In press), Geo. Sur., 111., vol. 7, St.
Louis Gr [Sig. scythe shaped.]
PxiCxEacaxthus trigona is, St. John &
Worthen (In press), Geo. Sur. 111.,
vol. 7, St. Louis Gr. [Sig. trigonal.]
:m
PISCES.
Pcecilodus carbonarius, St. John & Worth-
en (In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7,
Coal Meas. [Sig. pertaining to coal.]
cestriensis, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskas-
kia Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
convolutus, Newberry & Worthen, is a
syn. for Chitonodus rugosus.
ornatus, Newberry & Worthen, syn. for
Chitonodus rugosus.
springeri, St. John & Worthen In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Low. Carb.
[Ety. proper name.]
stludovici, St John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St.
Louis Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
varsoviensis, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Warsaw
Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
wortheni, St. John (In press), Geo Sur.
111., vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr. [Ety.
proper name.]
Psammodus caelatus, St. John & Worthen
(In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. St.
Louis Gr. [Sig. sculptured.)
crassidens, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. thick tooth.]
glyptus, St. Johi & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur.- 111., vol. 7, Up. Burlington
Gr. [Sig. sculptured.]
grandis, St. John & Worthen (In press)
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. large.]
lovianus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Burling-
ton Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
plenus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. large]
rhomboideus, Newberry & Worthen, syn.
for Sandaloclus Isevissimus.
semicylindricus, Newberry & Worthen,
syn. for Sandalodus laevissimus.
springeri, St. John & Worthen (In
press). Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up Bur-
lington Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
tumidus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur 111 , vol 7, Up.
Burlington Gr. [Sig. tumid.]
turgidus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk Gr.
[Sig. inflated.]
Psephodus latus, St. John & Worthen 'In
press) Geo Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis
Gr. [Sig. wide.]
lunulatus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. resembling a small crescent.]
obliquus. St. John& Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol 7, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. oblique ]
placenta. Newberry & Worthen, instead
of Helodus placenta,
symmetricus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kinder-
hook Gr. [Sig. symmetrical.]
PrERiCHTHYS canadensis, Whiteaves, 1880,
Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts, 3d ser., vol.
20, Devonian. [Ety. proper name.]
Ptekichthys norwoodensis is a syn. for
Macropetalichthys rapheidolabis.
Ptyoxodus, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc. [Ety. ptyon, a fan; odous, a
tooth.]
paucicristatus, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc., Permian. [Sig. few
crested.]
vinslovi. Cope, 1876. Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phil., Permian. [Ety. proper
name. I
Rhadinichthys, Traquair, 1877, Quar.
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond.. vol. 33, p. 548.
[Ety. rhadinos, slender; ichthys. a
fish.]
alberti instead of Palaeoniscus alberti.
cairnsi instead of Palaeoniscus cairnsi.
modulus, Dawson, 1877 (Palaeoniscus
modulus), Can. Nat. and Quar. Jour.
Sci., vol. 8, Carboniferous. [Sig. a
small measure ]
Rhynchodus excavatus, Newberry, 1877,
Geo. of Wis., Ham. Gr. [Sig. excava-
ted. 1
Sandalodus complanatus, Newberry &
Worthen, instead of Deltodus com-
planatus.
crassus, Newberry. & Worthen, is a syn.
for S. spatulatus.
grandis, Newberry & Worthen, is a syn.
for S. laevissimus.
Sicarlus extinctus, Leidy, 1855, Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., vol. 7, not satisfactorily de-
fined.
Stenacanthus nitidus was defined in 1856,
in the Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3,
and is from the Catskill Gr.
Stenopterodus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. [Ety.
stenos, narrow ; pteron, a wing; odous,
tooth ]
e'ongatus, St. John & Worthen (In
press). Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Warsaw
Gr. [Sig elongated.]
parvulus instead of Sandalodus parvulus.
planus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Burlington
Gr. [Sig. fiat.]
Strigilina gurleiana, refer to Janassa gur-
Ieiana.
T.exiodus, DeKoninck, MSS., and in press
in Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7. [Ety. tceiiia,
a ribbon; odous, a tooth.]
fasciatus instead of Deltodus fasciatus.
obliquus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kas-
kaskia Gr. [Sig. oblique.]
regularis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. Ill , vol. 7, Warsaw Gr.
[Sig. regular.]
Tomodus limitaris, St. John & Worthen
(In press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7,
Up. Burlington Gr. [Sig. that is on
the border.]
Trigonodus major. Newberry & Worthen,
is a syn. for Sandalodus complanatus.
KEPT ILIA.
323
Vaticinodus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur 111., vol. 7. [Ety.
vatkinus, prophetical; odoits, a tooth.]
earbonarius, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Coal
Meas. [Sig. pertaining to coal.]
discrepans, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Bur-
lington Gr. [Sig. varying.]
lepis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Coal Meas.
[Sig. a scale.] .
similis, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. similar]
simplex, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. simple.]
vetustus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kinderhook Gr.
[Sig. ancient.]
Xystrodus and X. occidentalis were de-
fined in 1870, in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc,
vol. 11.
bellulus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Coal Meas.
[Sig. elegant.]
imitatus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, St. Louis Gr.
[Sig. imitating.]
inconditus, St. John & Worthen (In
press), Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Keokuk
Gr. [Sig. irregular.]
simplex, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Up. Burlington
Gr. [Sig. simple.]
verus, St. John & Worthen (In press),
Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 7, Kaskaskia Gr.
[Sig. genuine.]
CLASS REPTILIA.
Acheloma, Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. Xo. 35.
[Ety. achos, trouble ; loma, the border.]
cumminsi, Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. Xo. 35.
Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
Axisodexis, Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. Xo. 35,
[Ety. anisos, unequal; dexios, on the
right. 1
imbricarius. Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. Xo.
35, Permian. [Sig. having imbrica-
tions.]
Arch.eobelus, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc. [Ety. archaios, ancient ; belos, the
house itself.]
vellicatus. Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Permian. [Sig. vellicated.]
Bapiietes and B. planiceps were defined in
Jour. Geo. Soc. Lond., vol. 10.
Bolosaurus. Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29.
[VayJioIiis, the casting of teeth : sauros,
a sea fish.]
rapidens. Cope, 1878. Pal. Bull. Xo. 29,
Permian.- [Sig. rapid.]
Striatals, Cope, 1878. Pal. Bull. Xo. 29,
Permian. [Sig. striated.]
Clepsydrops. Cope. 1876, Proc. Acad. Xat.
Sci. [Ety. klepsydra, an hour glass ;
opt, view.]
eolletti, Cope, 1876, Proc. Acad. Xat.
Sci., Permian. [Ety. proper name ]
gigas refer to Dimetrodon gigas.
llmbatus, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Permian. [Sig. bordered.]
natalis. Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo. 29,
Permian. [Sig. natal.]
peduneulatus, Cope, 1876, Proc Aoad.
Xat. Sci., Permian. [Sicr. peduncula-
ted.]
vinslovi, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Permian. [Ety. proper name]
Clepsysaurcs pennsylvanicus is from the
Trias>,ic
Cricotus, Cope. 1876, Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci.
[Ety. krikotos, ringed.]
• discophorus, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull. No 26,
Permian. [Sig. a dish benrer.J
gibsoni, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull. Xo. 26,
Permian. [Ety. proper name. J
heteroclitus, Cope, 1876. Proc Acad.
Xat. Sci., Permian. [Sig. anomalous.]
Dexdrerpetox obtusum. Cope, 1868, Proc.
Acad. Xat. Sci., Coal Meas. [Sig.
obtuse.]
Diadectes, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo. 29.
[Ety. dia, through; dektes, a biter.]
latibuccatus, see Empedocles latibucca-
tus.
molaris, see Empedocles molaris.
phaseolinus, Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. Xo.
32, Permian. [Sig. resembling a
bean.]
sideropelicus. Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo.
29, Permian. [Sig. having great
strength.]
Dimetrodon, Cope. 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo. 29.
[Ety. dimeAros, of two measures ;
odous, tooth.]
cruciger, Cope, 1878, Am. Xat., Permi-
an. [Sig cross bearer.]
gigas. Cope, 1878 (Clepsydrops gigas),
Am. Xat., Permian. [Sig. large.]
incisivus. Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo. 29,
Permian. [Sig. having the quality of
cutting or biting.]
rectiformis, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. Xo.
29, Permian. [Sig. straight formed.]
semiradicatus, Cope, 1881, Bull. U. S.
Geo.Sur. Terr., vol. 6. No. 1, Permian.
[Sig. half radicated.]
Diplocaulus, Cope. 1877, Pal. Bull. No.
26. [Ety. diploos, double ; kaulos,
shaft.]
BEPTILIA.
Diplocaulus magnicomis, Cope, 1882, Pal.
Bull. No. 35, Permian. [Sig. large
horned.]
salamandroides, Cope, 1877, Pall. Bull.
No. 26, Permian. [Sig. like a sala-
mander.]
Ectocyxodox, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No
29. [Ety. ektos, far from; kunos, dog;
odous, tooth.]
aguti. Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. No. 35, Per-
mian. [Ety. proper name.]
ordinatus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. ordinated.J
Edaphosaurus, Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. No.
35. [Ety.edaphos, a foundation; sau-
ros, a sea fish.]
pogonias, Cope, 1882, Pal. Bull. No. 35,
Permian. [Sig. bearded.]
Embolophorus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No.
29. [Ety. embolos, anything running
to a point; phoros, bearing.]
fritillus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian [Sig. a dice box.]
Empedocees, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29.
[Ety. proper name.]
alatus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29.
Permian. [Sig. winged.]
Solaris, Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull., No. 32,
Permian. [Sig. a grinder.]
latibuccatus, Cope. 1878 (Diadectes
latibuccatus), Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. side cheeked.]
Epicordylus, Cope, 1878, Pal Bull. No.
29. [Ety. epi, upon; kordylos, a
water lizard.]
erythroliticus. Cope. 1878, Pal. Bull.
No. 29, Permian. [Sig. red stone.]
Eryops, Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.
[Ety. eryos, a shoot; ope, view.]
megacephalus. Cope, 1877, Proc. Am.
Phil. Soc, Permian. [Sig. large
headed.]
reticulatus, Cope, 1881, Am. Naturalist, p.
1020, Permian. [Sig. reticulated.]
Helodectes, Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. No. 32.
[Ety. helos, a nail; dectes, a biter ]
isaaci. Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. No. 32,
Permian. [Ety. proper name.]
paridens. Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. No. 32,
Permian [Sig. equal toothed.]
Hyloxomus wymani instead of H. hymani.
Ichthycanthus, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull No.
24, and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. [Ety.
ichthys, a fish ; kanthos, the corner of
the eye.]
ohioensis, Cope, 1877. Proc. Am. Phil
Soc, Coal Meas. [Ety. proper name]
platypus, Cope. 1877. Proc Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas. [Ety. broad footed.]
Leptophractus lineolatus, Cope, 1877,
Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, Coal Meas.
[Sig. fine lined.]
Lysorophus, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull. No. 26.
[Ety. lysis, setting free; rophos,
supped up.]
tricarinatus, Cope, 1877, Pal. Bull. No.
26, Permian. [Sig. three oarinated.]
Metarmosaurus. Cope. 1878, Pal. Bull'
No. 29, p. 516.
fossatus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. dug. out.]
Ophiacodox, Marsh, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d. ser., vol. 15. [Ety;
ophiakos, belonging to serpents ; odous,
tooth.]
grandis, Marsh, 1878. Am. Jour. Sci. and
Arts, 3d. ser., vol. 15, Permian. [Sig.'
grand.]
niirus, Marsh, 1878. Am. Jour. Sci. and
Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, Permian. [Sig.
wonderful ]
Paxtylus, Cope, 1881, Bull. U. S. Geo.
Sur. Terr. vol. 6, No. 1. [Ety. pan, all ;
tylos a knob. ]
cordatus, Cope, 1881, Bull. U. S. Geo. Sur.
Terr. vol. 6, No. 1, Permian. [Sig,
cordated.]
Pariotichus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
[Ety .parios, parian ; tychos,a hammer.]
brachyops, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. short sighted.]
Parioxys, Cope. 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29.
[Ety. para, beside; oxi/s, sharp.]
ferricolus, Cope, 1878, Pal Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. iron distaff.]
Rhachitomus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No.
29. [Ety. rachis, bridge; tomos, sharp.]
valens, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. vigorous.]
Sauropleura longipes, Cope, 1874, Trans.
Am. Phil. Soc, vol. 13, Coal Meas.
[Sig. long footed.]
Sphexacodox, Marsh, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci.
and Arts, 3d. ser., vol. 15. [Ety. sphen,
a wedge ; akis, a barb; odous, tooth.]
ferox, Marsh, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci. and
Arts, 3d. ser., vol. 15, Permian. [Sig.
fierce. 1
Theropleura, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No.
29. . [Etv. theros, summer; pleura, a
rib.]
obtusidens, Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. No. 32,
Permian. [Sig. having obtuse teeth.]
retroversa, Cope, 1878.. Pal Bull. No.
29, Permian. [Sig. turned back.]
triangulati, Cope, 1878. Pal. Bull. No.
29, Permian. [Sig. triangular.]
uniformis Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No.
29, Permian. [Sig. uniform.]
Trimerorhachis. Cope, 1878, Pal Bull.,
No. 29, Permian. [Ety. trhneres, tri-
partite; rachis. a ridge.]
insignis, « pe. 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. marked.]
Tuditaxus mordax is a syn. for Ceraterpe-
ton punctolineatnni.
tabulatus. Cope, 1877, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc, Coal Meas [Sig. tabulated.]
Zatrachys, Cope, 1878. Pal. Bull. No. 29.
[Ety. ea, an intensive ; traehys, rough.]
apicalis. Cope. 1881, Am. Naturalist, p.
1020, Permian. [Sig. apical.]
serratus, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull., No. 29,
Permian. [Sig. serrated.]
OMISSION.
Poteriocrinus xetti.erothaxcs, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist.
vol. 5, Up. Held. Gr. [Ety. proper name.]
The author has been informed that Mr. J. M. Clarke has described a new genus
and three new species of Phillocaridae, which will probably appear in the Am. Jour.
Sci. & Arts, for February, 1833, viz: Dipterocaris pescervae, D. pennidsedali, and
D. procne— all from the Chemung.
Prof. E. YV. Claypole says there is little or no classic ground for printing ce in the
beginning of the second part of a compound word, such as ruycestriatus. It should be
rwjistriatus. An exception occurs when the first part of the word is merely a prefix,
as in sitbcequalis. That nebraskensis should be written instead of nebrascensis , as there
is no ground for using the c instead of k. And that the generic name Chariocephalus
should be written Charitocephalus.
Mr. Henry Nettleroth has described, under the title of ,: Fossil Mollusca of
Kentucky," for vol. 1 of that State, which is now in press, Aviculopecten cancellatus,
A. concentricus, Paracyclas octerlonyi, Tellinomya striata, Modiomorpha charlestown-
ensis, Millerella (n. gen.) jonesi, Spirifera euruteines, var. erecta, S. euruteines, var.
elongata, S. byrnesi, S. hobbsi, S. davisi, S. mcconathyi, Rhynchonella gainesi, Eu-
omplialus protteri, Cyclonema clarki, Cyrtoceras hydraulicum, Murchisonia tubercu-
ata, Platyceras nodulosum, P. elongatum, P. compressnm, and Orthis goodwini, from
the Devonian formation; and Spirifera knotti, Pentamerella schwartzi, Rhynchonella
compressa, Pentamerus foggi, P. trigonalis, P. louisvillensis, and Stricklandia louis-
villensis, from the Niagara Group; and Cypricardites halli, from the Hudson River
Group.
INDEX OF GENERA.
In addition to indexing the Genera in the whole work, the gender of each genus is
designated — m, for masculine ; /, feminine ; n, neuter.
PAGE.
Acambona, /. 103
Acanthaspis, / 227
Acanthocladia, / 289
Acanthograptus, m.. 2^62
Acantholepis, / 227
Acantholoma 208
Aeanthophyton, n 21
Acanthotelson, n 208
Acervularia, / 46, 262
Aeheloma, n ... 323
Acidaspis, / 208, 316
Aclis 143, 300
Aclisina,/ 300
Acondylacanthus, m227, 319
Acrocrinus, m 66-279
Acroculia 143
Acrolepis. /. 227
Acrophyllum, n 46, 262
Acrotre'ta, /. 103
Actinoceras, n. . ... 165, 305
Actinocrinus, m 66, 279
Actinodesma, n 180, 309
Aegilops 103, 294
Agaricia 46
Agaricocrinus, m . . .69, 279
Agassiehthys . 227
Agassizocrinus, m . . .69, 279
Agassizodus, m 228
Agelacrinus, m 69, 279
Aglaspie, f 209, 316
Agnostus, m 209, 316
Agraulos, m 209,316
Alecto 95, 289
Alethopteris, /. 21, 248
Allagecrinus," m 279
Alloprosallocrinus, m 70, 279
Allorisma, n 180, 309
Alveolites, m 46, 262
Amacanthus, m 228, 319
Amblypterus, m 228
Ambocoelia, f. 103
Ambonyehia", / 181, 309
Ammonites 305
Ampheristocrinus, m.. . .279
Amphibamus, m 240
Amphicoelia, /. 181
Amphigenia, / 104
Amphion, m 209
Amphipeltis, / 209, 316
Amphoracrinus, in.. .70, 279
Amplexopora, /. 289
PAGE.
Amplexus, m . . .46, 243, 262
Ampullaria 143
Ampyx, m 209
Amygdalocystites,m. 70, 279
Anaclitacanthus, m 228
Anartbrocanna, ). 22
Anastrophia, /. . ... 104, 294
Anatina, /. 181, 309
Ancyrocrinus, m 70
Aneimites, m 22
Angellum, n 309
Anisodexis, m 323
Anisophvllum, n . ... 262
Annularia, /. 22, 248
Anodontopsis, /. 182
Anomalocrinus, m. . .70, 279
Anomalocystites, m 70, 279
Anomalodonta, / 182
Anomaloides 280
Anomia 104
Anomites 104
Anomphalus, m 143
Anopolenus, m 209
Antholithes, m 22,248
Anthophyllum, n. 46
Anthracerpes, m 224
Anthracomya,/ 182
Anthraconectes, m 209
Anthracopakemon, m.. 210
Anthracoptera, /.. ..182, 309
Anthracopupa, / 300
Anthracosia, / 182
Antliodus, m 228
Apedodus, m 228
Aphlebia./. 248
Apiocystites, m 70
Arabellites, m 313
Arachnocrinus, m . .. . 280
Arachnophyllum, n. . . 262
Araucarites, m 22
Area 182, 309
Archaeobelus, m 323
Archaeocaris, / 210
Archaeocidaris, f. . . .70, 280
Archseocrinus, m 2S0
Archaeopteris,/. ... .22, 248
Archegogryllus, m 225
Archaeocyathellus, m... .260
Archaeocyathus, »i 42
Arcbimedes, m 95
Archimedipora 95
PAGE.
Archimylacris,/ 225, 319
Architarbus, n 224
Archiulus, m 224
Arctinurus 316
Arenicolites, m 206
Arges, m 210, 316
Arionellus, m. 210,316
Aristophycus 248
Arthraria, /. 22
Arthroclema, n 95, 289
Arthrolycosa, /. 224
Arthronema, n 289
Arthrophycus, n. 23
Arthrostigma, n 23
Artisia, / 23
Asaphiscus 210
Asaphoidichnus, m 316
Asaphus, m 210,316
Ascoceras, n 165
Ascodictyon, n 289
Asolanus . 248
Aspidella, / 141
Aspidichthys, m 228
Aspidocrinus, m 71
Aspidodus, m 228
Asplenites, m 23
Astarte, f. 182
Astartella, / 182,309
Asteracanthus, m 228
Asterias 71
Asterocarpus, m 23
Asterocrinus 71
Asterophycus, n. . . 23, 248
Asterophyllites, m. . .23, 248
Asteropteris, /. 248
Asteropty chins, m. .228, 320
Asterosteus, m 228
Astrma 46,262
Astrgeophyllum, n 262
Astraeospongia, / 42
Antrios 71
Astrocerium, n 47
Astroconia, n. 260
Astrocrinites 71
Astylospongia, / ... .42, 260
Atactopora, / 289
Ataxocrinus 71
Ateleocystites, m 71
Athyris, / 104,294
Atops,/ 211, 316
Atrypa, /' 105, 294
INDEX OF GENERA.
PAGE.
Aulacophyllum, n 262
Aulocopina, / 42
Aulophyllum, n 47
Aulopora, / 47, 64, 263
Aulosteges, m 106
Avicula,/ 182,309
Aviculopecten, m. . 184, 310
Aviculopinna, /. 185
Axinura 47
Axinus . ■ . . 185
Axophyllum, n 47, 64
Bactrites, in 305
Baiera. f 248
Bakevellia,/ 185
Balanocrinus 71
Baphetes, m 240, 323
Barrandia 211
Barycrinus, m ...... .71, 280
Baryphyllum, n ... .47, 263
Batacanthus, m 228, 320
Bathyeheilodue, m 229
Bathynotus, m 211
Bathyurellus. m 211
Bathyurus, m 211, 316
Batocrinus, m 71, 280
Batostoma, n 289
Batostomella, / 289
Beatricea, /. . . .165, 260, 305
Bechera, / 23
Beinertia, /. 23
Belemnocrinus, in 72, 94, 280
Belinurus, 212
Bellerophon, m 143, 300
Berenicea, / 289
Bergeria, 248
Beyrichia,/ 212, 316
Blastoidocrinus, m 72
Blastophycus, n 249
Blattina, / 225
Blothrophyllum, n..47, 263
Blumenbachium 42
Bolboporites, m 47
Bolosaurus, m 323
Bornia,/ 249
Botryllopora, / 96
Brachiocrinus, m 72
Brachiospongia, / 42, 64
Brachydectes, m 240
Brachymerus 106
Brachyphyllum, n. . .23, 249
Brachyprion 107
Brongniartia 212
Bronteus, m 212, 316
Bruckmannia 249
Bucanella, / 145
Bucania,/ 145, 300
Bulime.Ua 145
Bulimorpha, / 301
Bumastus 212
Bursacrinus, in 72
Butiiograptiis, m 47
Buthotrephis,/ . ..23,249
Bythiacanthus, m 229
Bythopora,/ 2S9
Gacabocrinus 72
Calamites, m 24, 249
Calamocladus, in. . . 24
Calamodendron, it. . .24, 249
PAGE.
Calamophycus, n 249
Calamopora 47, 263
Calamostachy s, in 249
Calapoecia, /. 47
Calathium, n 43
Calathocrinus . 72
Calcarina, /. 260
Calceocrinug, m . .. 72,280
Calceola. / 107, 263, 295
Caleisphaera, / 260
Callipteridium, n 249
Callipteris, / 24, 249
Callocystites, m 73
Callograptus, m 47, 263
Callonema, n 301
Callopora,/. 96, 289
Calophyllum, n 263
Calopodus, m .229
Calymene,/ 213, 316
Calvptograptus, m 264
Caiiiarella, /. 107, 295
Camarium, n.. 107
Camaroceras, n 165
Camarophoria, / . . . 107, 295
Campanulites. 73
Campophyllum, n . . 48, 64
Caninia .. 48
Cannapora, / 48, 264
Capulus, m 146
Carabocrinus, m.. 73
Carbonarca. /. 185
Carcharopsis, /. 229
Cardinia,/. . . 185,310
Cardiocarpon, n. ..24, 249
Cardiola,/. 186, 310
Cardiomorpha, / 186, 310
Cardiopsis,/ 186, 310
Cardiopteris, / 249
Cardiuin, n 186, 310
Carinaropsi6,/ 146
Carinopora, / 96
Carpolitbes, m 25, 250
Oryocrinus, m 73
Caryocystites 73
Caryophi/llia 264
Catenipora . . .48, 264
Casuarinites 250
Catillocrinus, m 73
Catopterus, 229, 320
Caulerpites, m 25, 250
Caulopteris, /. 25, 250
Caunopora, / 48
Celluloxylon, n. 250
Centrocrinus 280
Centronella, / 107, 295
Cephalaspis, / 229
Cerainopora, /. ... 96, 290 i
Ceraterpeton, n 240
Ceratiocaris, / 213, 316
Ceratocephala 213
Ceraurus, m 213, 316 [
Ceriopora, /. 96 i
Chaenocardia, /. 186
Chaenomya, /. 186, 310 \
Chaetetes, m 48,264!
Chariocephalus, m. .214, 316
Charionella 108 j
Cheirocrinus 73 I
PAGE.
Cheirodus, m 229
Cheirotherium, n 210
Cheit-urus 214
Chemnitzia, / 146, 301
Chiton, m 141, 301
Chitonodus, ra 320
Chloephycus 250
Cholodus, m 229
Chomatodus, m 229
Chondrites, m. 25, 250
Chonetes, m 108.295
Chonograptus, m 48, 64
Chonophvllum, n 48, 64, 264
Chonostegites 48, 264
Chrestotes, /. ..225
Cimitaria, f. 187
UladoduB, m 229, 320
Cladogvaptus, m.. 49
CladopoiM,/. 49,64,264
Clatfaroccelia, f. 299
Clathropora. /. 96,290
Cleidophorue, m . . 187, 310
Cleiocrinus, m 73
Clepsydrops, / 323
Clepsysaurus, m. . . .240, 323
Cliinactichnites, in 214
Climacograptus, m 49
Climacodus, m 230
Clinopistha, /. 187
Clioderma 141
Clisiophyllum, n. ...49, 265
Clisospira,/ 146,301
Clonopora, / 290
Closterocrinus, m 73
Chi, iii-iiia.. 165
Cnemidium, n 43, 64
Coccocrinus, m 73
Coccosteus, m 230
L'ochliodus, m 230,320
Cocj T tinus, m., 240
Codaster, m 73, 280
Codonites. m 74, 280
Coelacanthus, in 230
Coeliocrinus, in .... 74, 280
Coelocrinus, in. 74
Ccelospira, / 109
Coenites 265
Coleolus, in 299
Coleoprion, m 141, 299
Collettosaurus, m 240
Colosteus, in 240
Colpocaris 214
Colpoceras, n 165, 305
Columnaria, / ... 49, 265
Colnmnopora, /. 49, 265
Coinarocystites, m . .74, 281
Combophyllum, n 49
Compsacanthus, n 231
Conchicolites, m. . . .206, 313
Conchiopsis.. 231
Conchodus, m 231
Conchopeltis, / 146
C'lniliti's .165
Conocardium, n 187, 310
Conocephalites, in. .214, 316
Vonocephalua 214
Conoceras, n. 1 65
Conocoiyphe, / 214
INDEX OF GENERA.
329
PAGE.
ConocriuuB 74
Conophyllum 50
Conopterium, n 43
Conostichus, m 25, 250
Gonotubularia 165
Conttisllaria 50
Conularia,/ 141, 299
Gonulites 165
Copodus, m 320
Cordaianthus. m 250
Cordaicarpus, m 250
Cordaistrobus, m 250
Cordaites, m. .25, 250
Cordvlocrinus, m... . 281
Conmlites, m 206, 313
Coronocrinus, in 74
Coscinium, n 96
Coscinopora 43
Cotyledonocrinus, m 74
Crania,/. 109, 295
Cm -podophyllum, n 265
Crateripora 290
Crematopteris, /. 25
Crepicephalus, m. ...215, 317
Crepidophyllvm 265
Crieotus, m 323
Crinocystites, m 74
Crinotoma 281
Crisina, / 290
Cromyocrinus, m. .. . 281
rrrinites 74
Cruziana, / 26
Cryphceus . . 215
Cryptoceraa 1 66
Cryptolithus 215
Cryptonella, /. . .. 109,295
Cryptopora, / 97
Ctenacanthus, m . . 231, 320
Ctenocrinus, hi 74
CtenodotUa 187
Ctenodus, m 231, 320
Ctenopetalns. m 231
Ctenoptychius, m. .231, 320
Cucullcea .188
Cuneamya, /. 188, 310
Cupelkecrinu* 74
Cupulocrinus, m 281
Cyathaxonia,/ 50, 265
Cyathocrinusj m. .. 74,281
Cyathophycns, n 260
Cyathophyllum, n 50, 64, 265
Cyathopora 50
Cyathospongia,/ . . . 260
Cybele ' 215
Cffda8ter 75
Cycloconcha, /. 188
Cyclocystoidea, m ..75, 281
Cyclolites, m ... . 50
Cyclonema, n . . . . 146, 301
Cyclopora. /. 97
Cyclopteris,'/ 26, 250
Cyclora, / .../.. 147,301
Cyclostigma, n 26, 251
Cyclostoma 147
Cymatodus, m 232
Cymoglossa, / ... 2.">l
Cyphaspis f 215
Cypricardella, f .. .188, 310
PAGB.
Cvpvicardia, / 188, 310
Cypricardinia, /. . . .188, 310
Cypi-icardites, m 188, 310
CyrtacanthuB, m 231
Cvrtia,/ 110
Cvrtina, / 110, 295
Cyrtocevas, n 166, 305
Cyrtocerina, / 167
Gyrtodowta 190
Cyrtolitee, m 147, 301
Cyrtonella, f , . . 301
Cy.<ti])liyllum, n... .50,266
Cystocrinus, m 75
Cystodictya, / 290
Cystopora, / 290
Cyetostvlus, m 267
Cvthere, f 215, 317
Cy therelllna, / 317
Cytherina, / 215
Cytherodon, m 190
( yllH-ropsis, / 215, 317
CytocrinuB, m 76, 281
Dactylodus, m 232
DactVlophycus, n 251
Dadoxylon, n 26
Dcemojwcrinites 76
Daimania . 215
Dalnianites, m 215, 317
Danseites, m 26, 251
Dania, / 267
Dawsonella, / 147
Dawsonia, / 51
Decadactylocrinites 76
Decadocrinus 281
Decheni-t,/ 251
Dekayia,/ 267
Deltodopsis, f. 320
Deltodus, m 232, 320
Th'ltlnirls 110
Deltoptychius, m 321
Dendrerpeton, n. . . 240, 323
Dendrocrinus, m 76, 281
Dendrograptus, in. ...51, 267
Dendropora, / ,51, 267
Dentalina,/ 43
Dentalium, n 147, 301
Desmiodns, m 232
Desmiophyllum, n 251
Dexiobia,/ 190, 310
Diadectes, m 323
Diamesopora 97
Dicellocephalus, m. 216, 317
Dichoerinus, m 76, 282
Dichograptus .... 51
Dicraniscus 110
Dicranograptus, m 51
Dicranophyllum, n 251
Dicranopofa, / 290
Dicranurus . . 217
Dictyocrinus, m 77
Dictyolitea 26
Dictvonema, n. . . 51, 64, 267
Dictyophyton, n 26, 251, 260
Dicryopteris, / 26
! Dictyoitroma, n 52, 64
! Didymograptus, m . . . 52
Didymophyllum, n. .27, 251
; Dimetrodoii, m 323
PAGE.
Diniehthys, m 232
Dinobolus, m 110
Dionide, / 217
Diorrychopora,/ 267
Diphyphyllum, n 52, 267
Diplazites 27
Dipleura 217
Diplichnites, m 217
Diplocaulus, m 323
Diploceras, n 168
Diplodus, m 232, 321
Diplograptue, m 52, 268
Diplophyllum 52
Diplostegium, n: 27
Diplostylus, m 217
Diplotrypa, / 268, 290
Dipterocaris, / 325
Dipterus, m 232
Discina, / Ill, 295
Discites, m 168, 305
Discolites 301
Discophycus, n 251
Discophyllum, n 52
Discosorus, rn 168
Discotrypa, / 290
Distacodus, m 313
Dithyrocaris, / 217
Dolabra,/ 190
Dolatocrinus, m 77, 282
Dolichometopus, m 217
Dolichopterus, m . . 217, 317
Donacicrinites 77
Dorycrinus, m 77, 282
Drepanacanthus, m 232
Drepanodus, m 313
Drymopora,/ 268
Duncanella,/ 52
Dvscritus, m 225
Dystactella,/ 190
Dystactophycus, n 251
Dystactospongia, / 260
Eatonia,/ Ill
Ecculioraphalus, m .. ..147
Echinocaris, /. 317
Echinocystites, m 77
Echinoencrinites, m ... .77
Echinognathus, m 317
Echinus 77
Ectocynodon, m 324
Ectosteovachis, m . 321
Edaphosaurus, m 324
Edestes,»n 233
Edmondia, / 190-310
Edrioaster, m 77
Edriocrinus, m 77
Eichwaldia,/ Ill
Elceacrinus 78
Elasmophyllum, n 268
Eleutherocrinus, m 78
Elliptocephala 217, 317
Elonichthys 233
Embolophorus, m 324
Emmonsia, / 52
Erapedocles, m. . 324
Eucrinurus, m 217, 317
Endoceras, n 168, 305
Endolobus 168
Endothyra, n 861
330
INDEX OF GEXEEA.
Endymiou 913
Endyniionia, / 217 ;
Enoploura. f. 317 ;
Entoliuni, n 191
Eoeidaris. / 7$
Eoeystites, mi 7^
Eodon, m 244
Eophyton, n 27
Eopteria. 191!
Eosaurus, m 241
Eoeeorpius, m . . . . 224. 319
Eospongia. / . M
Eotroehus. in . 301
Eotrophonia . . 313
Eozoon, h 4>
Ephemerites, m
Epicordylus-, i» . . . 324
Equisetites, m. ... 27. 2" 1
Equisetum .27
Eremopteris, /
Eretnioerinus, m .
Eridophvllum, n..
Eridopofa. / .290
Erismacanthtis, m 23:3
Erisoerinus, m R M
Eryops. /. .324
Esehara. f , 97
Eseharopbra, / . .
Estheria./ . 317
Ethmophyllum, » S3
Euealyptocrinus, b. I
Euehasnia. « 191
Euehondria. f. 191
Eacladoerinus, m . . 94, 2S2
Eugaster, m 78
Eulima 147
Ewnicrotis 191
Ennema. » 148, 301
Eunemacanthus, i» 321
Eunieites. m 313
Euomphalus, m 148, 244, 301
Eupaehverinus, m .
Euphoberia, / 224. 319
Euproops. f 217
Eurvlepis. f 233
Eurypterus. m 217. 31S
Eurvthorax. m
Eusareus. ■ 244, 31S
Evactinopora, /. .
Exochorhynehus . . .191
Faviphvllum, » 53
Favistella. f. ....
Favorites, >/» 53, 64, 244 26S
Farositopora
Fenestella. / 97, 290
Fenestralia, /
Ficoidite* . .
Filicites .27. 54, 251
Fissodus, im
Fistulipora. f 54, 269
Flab*.llari.i 27
Flustra./ ... .98
Forbesdocrinus, in .79, 382
Fu&ndes 27
Fusbpira. f .. .
Fusilina. f
Fu»us 149
'jrtiitwN n
PAGB.
Gampeaeanthus, m
fllt»l ■lltliMl. m 233
Gennmocrintos. . . 2S2
Gerepheniera. .
Gervillia. f . * 191
Glaucoi 98,291
- 168
glimfrqp— I 54
Glyeerites. //*
GlVinniataeanthns./ -
Glyptaster. m .... I S
Glyptoerinus, m . . " ■
Glyptoeystites, ■
Glyptodendron. a .
Gomphoeeras «... 168, 305
Goniphoeystites. /». . . 80
Goniasteroidoerinus, m . SO
Goniatites. m . 169. 306
Gonioeeras. ■ 170
(t^oniocixlia .
Goniophora, / 193, 311
Gtmiopteris 351
Crordia 27
Gorgonia. / 98, 291
Grammy sia. /....... 192
Granatoerinns, m. .
Graphiocrinus, m.
Graptodietva
Graptolithas.'j/i 54. 244. MB
Gryphorhynehus 192
Guilielmites. m
Gypidola. /. . . . 112. 295
Gvraeanthus. m . .233. 321
Gyroeeras. n .170, 244, 306
Hadroerinut. m 81
Hadrophyllnm. n 56. 26: »
Haimeophvllum. n\.
Hallia. f 369
Halonia, f .' 1
Haly sites', m 56, 64. I
Haplocrinus. m SI
Haplophlebium. n.
Harlauia./ 27
Harpaeodus m
Harpes. m 2IS
Harpides, m
HeMcotoma. /. 149. 301
Heliodus. n
HelioUtes. m . -.
Heliophyeui. ». . . .
Heliophyllum. » 54. 244. 269
H elmi i» thoidichtute -
...318
Helodectes. in 334
Helodu-. 233, 331
Helopora. /"
Heterotrypa. f.
Hemerktia. /
Hemieosmites. m. B
Htmicrypturua U
Hemic vstites, m 81
Hemipronites
Hemitrypa, / . . 98, 391
Heteroerinns. m . . .
Heterocystites, n» .
Hererodictya.
Heterophrentii. / ^i
Hindsi:i
Homerti.
Horthol" -
Houghtonia .
Huronia.
Hybocladodag. m
Hvboerinus. m.
PaGK.
Hippariouyx . 112
Hippodophycu-.
.
- i:es. m
Holometopas, ;».... 2 IS
Holopea. f._
Holopella. /
Holoptyehias, m . .
_
Homaloaotus, m. . . .
Homoerinas, *».... - .
Homothettts, ra ....
Homotrypa. f. . .
1 I
I--. ■ :
- -
H
- -.
iBydneeera^. 170
-ioaocrmu-.
Hylerpeton, ». 241
Hylonomus. ■ 24".
Hymenophy Hate-. ...
Hvphasma. a
Hyolithellns. m 141
-hes. m 141, 300
■< .
-
IohthycantliiL-?. m . . .
Iohthyoerinus, i
Ichthyorachis. /
hyllum, a. .. .. .JSB
Ilionial f
Ulaenurus, m . .
Hlaenas.
Inachu*
Inoeaaliu. m .
■ HMU
Intrapora. . S
Iatriearia./ . .... », 298
Ioerinus-. ■
Iphidea. f 112
t3, 261
IsehArrinia.
\Mmeirdia.'.'. 192.311
Isoehilina. f 21
-
-
Janassa. f 321
^MMrria. t
Kaninekia. f 112 \
Knlorgina. / 11.
Lambdoltis, m
Lamellipor
Lampter«x'rinns. m .89
■!■■+
. . .jm
. -.
...24:3
Leiopceris. /
Leiorhynchu:?, n. . . .113, 396
Lepadocrinus, ■
Leojthiocrinua
Late
Leioelema, n.
i\i>i:\ of <.km;i:a.
PAGE.
Leperditia,/. ... .219. 919
LepetopsiB, / . . .901
Lepidecfafaras, m . .82
Lepidesthes./ 88, 384
82
Lepidodendron. i> . . . .28, 369
82
Lepidocystto, wt. 369
Lepidolites, m 261
Lepidophloios, m. . . .29, 359
Lepidopbylhun, *.. ..30, 352
Lepidoetrobas, ».. . .30, 2."):}
Lepidoxylon, «. 2."):}
82
331
LeptmuL / 112, 396
Leptobolas, m 119
. Ii;l. r\ 119
Leptodaauv, / 19:5. 311
Leptophlu'imi, ■ 2!)
Leptophraetas, m 234,241.
321.324
Leptopora. / 56, 94, 370
Lescaropteife,/. 90, 25:{
SOS
Libellnla, f.
Lirh.-is. „».' --
Liehenali.a./ 90, 999
Lirhenoerinus, m . . .88, 981
Lierophyeus, n 90, 969
Lima, f. 199
Lintm, / 5<>, 270
Limoptera,/ 199
Lindstromia, f 270
Lingula./ ..'..113,244, 295
Lin<rulella. f US
Lingulepis./. 115,296
Lingulops,/ 115
57
Liognathus, m 234
Litijocnris, 318
Lisgodu.s, m 234
Uatraeanthus, m 235
Lithentomum, n 225
Lithophaga,/ 193, 311
Lithostrotion, n.. . . 57, 270
Lir.uites, m 170, 307
Littnrina, 150
Loftusia. /. 261
Lfxjanellus 220
Loiifhorephalu.i 220
Lonchopteris, / 30
Lonsdaleia. / . . 57
LopAothu ... 235
Lophophyllum, n . . .57, 270
Loxonema, n... .150. 244. 302
Lueina, / .193, 311
Lumbrieonereites, m ...314
Lunatipora, / 57
Lunulieardium, n . .193, 311
Lunulites 43
L>jcopod!olithi>$ . . 253
Lyeopodites, m . .31,253
Lyellia,/ 57,270
£|MMfl 193
Lyrioerinua, m 83, 284
Lyriopeeten, »i 193
Lyrodesma, n 193
PAGK.
Lyropora./ 99
LfBorophm, m 324
Ma.li.eraeanthus. M 235
Maekmtrodmt 314
Maelurea./ 150, 302
Bfacrocbeuns, » 151,244,302
Ma.ro.hilina, /' 302
Uaorodon, m. 194, 31 1
Marropetalielitliys.
Ma. -rost.-h-hv.-i. / . . .253
Hacf osly luer baas, m 88, 984
>ra "7
Maloeystir.es, //* 89
Mariaerinus. m. 83
Marraeaur.hus. M . . 235
Marsupioerinus. „>.
Martinia/ 115
Matlieria'. /' 194
Ma/.onia. / 224
Bfeeokpte, f 235
HeekeDa, f . .. lis
Megabwpfe, / 220
llegalograptag, m 57
Megdomus, m 194, 311
Megalopteris,/. . . . 31, 253
Megambonia,/ 194
115
Megaplu roii. n, 31, 253
ra 194
■ Te ga theutomuip , n 235
HegfstocrfanM, m ...83,284
MtHa 307
Mekwrinas, m 83, 284
Mtdonir.es, hi 84
Menoeephalus, m .... .220
Merfete, f lis
Meristella./ 115, 296
Meristina. / 116
.Mood 1 nod us, m 235
Mespiloerinus, m 84
MdMBWIMM, >ii 324
Metoptoma, / 151. 302
Miamia, f 225
Miehelinia./ ...57, 244, 271
Mieroeeras, n 152, 302
Mi. rocvolus, ■»» 57
Mirrodisciis, M 220. 318
Mierodoma, / 152
JBBTWHNi 194
Microspoiigia, / 261
MHItpvra 57
Milh'ivlla. f 325
Milleria,/ 271
Mitoclema, n 292
Modiola,/ 194
Modiolopais,/ 195, 311
Modiomorpha, / 195, 31 1
Molgophis, in. 241
Moiiorraterioa. n 314
Monograptus, m, . . 57, 271
Monom.T.dla./ 116
Monopteria, / 196
Mouotis,/ . ." 196, 311
Mnnntnipa, .. 271
Monotrypella, /. 292
Montieulipora. r'u, 271, 292
Mundiisoida, f 152. 244, 302
Myallna,/ 196,311
PAG«.
Myelodactylus. M, J-l
Mylarri.-./-
Myrianircs. m .'A. IXi
Mvrtillocrinus, m .. 84
Myrilarca,/ 197,311
Myrilus. m 197
Nmm t HU$ , 197
Xatica 154
^sticopeis,/ 154, 303
N'autilus, m 171, 307
Xehulipora, / 58
Xilinh-lliil 307
Xt'iiiagraptu.s, m 58
\.Miia{)odia./ - 31, 253
Nt'inatophycus, n 31
Nematophyllum, n 253
Nematoxylon, n 31
WtpknmUrti 31
N't'i-.-idaviis. ;h 314
Nereites, m 31,253
Nereograptus, m 58
Neriopteris, / 31
N'curopteris,/. 31,253
N'ieholsonia, / 271
\ ileus, in 220
Nipterocrinus, »» 84
Xo.losinella, /. 261
N'd'ggerathia", / 32, 254
N'ueleocrinus, M 84
Xueleospira,/ 116,296
-Vuenla, f. 197, 311
Xueulana, f 198, 311
Xuedites, »» 198, 311
Nullipora,/. 43
Xntbtinia 220
Nyassa, /' 198
ObolellY,/ 116,296
ohnh-llina 116
Obolus, m 116
Odontocephalus 221
Od&ntochile 221
Odontopteria, / 33, 254
Oenites, in 314
( >e-r-i.ephalus:, m 211
OgTgfaL f 221, 318
Ol.Uiainia, f 58
Olenellus, M 221,318
Oleum, m 221
Oligoearpia, /
Oligoporus, m 84, 284
Olininiti's 84
<>/ /</<■>■ inns. 284
Ompkalotwvekus 154
Oinplivma,/. 58, 272
Onchus 235
Oneocerafl, n 172, 307
Onycha-ter, m 84
OnychocriniiH, ■».... 84, 284
OnyelioduH, n 235
I )pliia.-odon, m 324
Ophileta,/.. 154, 303
Opi.stfmpte.ra 199
Oracanthus. m 235, 321
Orbicula 116
Oi-hi.uloidea,/ 296
OrbituHteA 43
Onnatln.-hnus. m 303
Ormoceras, n 1 73
332
INDEX OF GENERA.
PAGE.
Ormoxylon, n . . 33
Ornithichnites, m 241
Orodus, m 235
Orthacanthus, m.. .236, 321
Orthis, f. 116, 296
Orthisina, /. 120
Orthoceras, n .173, 244, 307
Orthogoniopteris, /. 33
Orthodesnia, n 199, 311
Orthonema, n 155
Orthonota, f 199, 311
Orthonotella, / 311
Orthonychia 155
OrthopleuroduB, m. . .. 321
Orthostoma, n 155
Ortonia 206
Ostrea 199,311
Pachycrinus, m, 84
Pachydictya, / 292
Pachylocrinus 284
Pachyphyllum 33
Pachyphyllum, ri. 59
Pachypora, /. : 272
Pachypteris, /. 33
Palseacis,/ 43, 261
Palaeacmasa, / 155, 303
Palaeanatima, /. 199
Palcearca 199
Palseaster, m 84, 284
Palseasterina, / 85, 285
Palaechinus, m 85
Palaeobatis, m 321
Palaeocampa, / 226
Palaeocardia, / 199
Palseocaris, /. 221
Palaeochorda, / 33, 254
Palaeocoma, / 85
Palaeocrinus, m 85
Palaeocyclus, m 59, 272
Palaeocystites, m 85
Palseomanon. / . 43, 261
Palaaoneilo, /. 199, 311
Palseoniscus, m 236, 321
Palaeopalaamon, m. . 318
Palaeophycus, n . . . 33, 254
Palaeophyllum, n 59
Palceopteris 33
Palasotrochis 59
Palaeotrochus, m . . . 303
Palaeoxyris, /. 33, 254
Paleschara, / 99, 292
Palmacites, 254
Panopoea 199
Pantylus, m 324
Paolia, / 226
Paracyclas, f. 199, 312
Paradoxides, m 221
Pariotichus m 324
Parioxys, m 324
Parisocrinus 285
Pasceolus, m .43
Patella,/. 303
Pattersonia, /. 261
Pecopteris, / 34, 254
Pecten 200
Pelion, m, 241
Peltodus, m. 236
Peltura 221
PAGE.
Pemphigaspis,/. 221
Pentacrinites 85
Pentagonia, /. 120
Pentagonites 85
Pentamerella, /. 120
Pentamerus, m 120, 296
Pentremites, m 85, 285
Peplorhina, /. 236
Pereichocrinus 285
Periplectrodus, m 236
Peripristis, m 321
Pernqpect^n, m . . 200, 312
Peronopora,/ 272, 292
Petalichnus, m 309
Petalodus, m 236, 321
Petalorhynchus, n. .237, 321
Petigopora, / 292
Petraia, /. 59
Petraster, m 86
Petrodus, m 237
Phacops, f\ 221
Phaenopora, /. 99
Phanerotinus, m. . . .155, 303
Phoebodus, m 237
Phillipsia, /. ...221, 245, 318
Phillipsastrea, / 59, 272
Philocrinus 86
Phlegethontia, / 241
Pholadella, / 200
Pholadomya 312
Pholidocidaris, ?» 86
Pholidops, /. 121
Phraetopora, / 292
Phragmoceras, n. ...178, 309
Phragrnolites 155
Phragmostoma, n. . .155, 303
Phthonia, f 200
Phyllodictya, /. 292
Phyllograptus, m 59
Phyllopora, /. 99,292
Phyllopteris. /. 35
Physetocrinus, m . 86, 285
Physonemus. m ...237,321
Physophycus, n. 35, 255
Phytolithus 35, 255
Phytopsis, /. 35
Pileopsis 155, 303
Piliolites 222
Piloceras, n .... 178, 309
Pinna,/. 200,312
Pinnopsis ... 200
Plnnularia, / 35
Pisocrinus, m 285
Placunopsis, / 200
Planolites 314
Planorbis . . . 155
Plasmopora, / 59
Platephemera, / 226
Platyceras, W...155, 245, 303
Platyerinus, m . . . 86, 285
Platyodus. m 237
Platynotus 222
Platyschisma, it, 157
Platyeomus, m 237
Platystoma, n .157, 245, 303
Platystrophia 121
Plasmopora, /.. 59
Plectambonites... 121
PAGE.
Plectostylus 157
Pleuracanthus, m 237
Pleurocystites, m 88
Pleurodictyum, n... .59, 272
Pleuronotus, m 303
Pleurophorus, in 200
Pleuroptyx, /. 241
Pleurorhynchus .. . 201,312
Pleurotomaria,/.157, 245,303
Phcatula 121
Plumulina, / 59, 272
Plumulites, m 222, 318
Pnigeacanthus, m.. .237, 321
Poecilodus, m 237, 322
Polycronites 178
Polydilasma 59
Polygnathus, m. ...314
Polypheraopsis./.161,245,304
Polypora, /. 99, 292
Polyporites, m 35, 255
Polyrhizodus, m 237
Polyspora 255
Porambonites, m .. .121, 296
Porcellia, /. 161, 304
Pontes 59
Porocrinus, m 88, 286
Posidonia, / 201,312
Posidonomya, /. . . . .201, 312
Poteriocrinus, m 88, 286, 325
Prasopora, /. 272, 293
Primitia,/. 222, 318
Prioniodus, m 315
Prionotus 59
Prisconaia, /. 312
Pri-mopora,,/ 293
Pristicladodus, m 238
Pristodus, m 238
Procteria, /. 272
Productella, f. 121
Productus, m 122, 245, 296
Proetus, m 222, 318
Promacrus, m 201
Protaraea, f 60
Protaster, m. 89, 287
Protasterina 287
Prothvris,/. 201
Protiehnites, m 222, 319
Protoblechnum, n 255
Protocyathus, m 261
Protoscolex, m 315
Protostigma, / 255
Prototaxites, m 35
Psammodus, m 238, 322
Psaronius, m 35
Psephodus, m 238, 322
Pseudoci-ania, /. 124
Psetidomonotis, /.. 201, 312
Pseudopecopteris, /. 255
Psilophyton, n 35, 256
Pterichthys, m..V . 238, 322
Pterinea, f 201, 312
Pteroceptialia, / 319
Pieronautilus, m 178
Pteronitella, / 202
Pteronites, m 202, 312
Pterotheca, / 142
Pterotoerinus. rn ... .89, 287
Pterygotus, m 223, 319
INDEX OF GENERA.
333
PAGE.
Pilocarpus, m 35, 256
Ptilodictya, / 100, 293
Ptilograptus, m 60, 272
Ptilonaster 89
Ptilophyton 256
Ptilopora / 100
Ptychaspis, / 223, 319
Ptvchodesma. re . . 202, 312
Ptychophyllurn, n . ..60, 272
Ptyctodus, to 238
Ptyonius, to 241
Ptyonodus, in 322
Pugiunculus 142
Pupa,/ 162, 304
Pvanomva, / 312
Pygopterus, to .. ■ . . .238, 241
Pygorhynchus, re 89
Pyrenomoeus, m ... .202
Quenstedtia . . ..60, 245, 272
Ramipora,/ 293
Baniceps 241
Raphistoma, re 162, 304
Rastrites, f» 60
Receptaculites, m . 43, 261
Remopleurides, in 223
Rensseheria, / 124, 297
Retepora, / 100, 293
Retiocrinus, to 90, 287
Retiograptus, m . 60
Retiolites, m 60
Retzia. /. 124, 297
Rhabdaria, /. 44
Bhabdichnites 223
Rhabdocarpus, to. . . .36, 256
Rhachiopteris, / 36, 256
Rhachitomus, to 324
Rhaelmra. f 319
Rbacopbyl'lum, n . . .36, 256
Rbadinichthys, to . . .322
Rhinidictya./ 293
Rbinipora, f 100
Rhizodus, to 238
Rhizograptus, m .272
Bhizolithes 36
Rhizomopteris, /. 36
Rhizomorpha. / 257
Rhodocrinus, m . ... 90, 287
Rbombopora, / 60
Rhvnehodus. in 238, 322
Rbynchonella, / 125, 297
Bhynchospira 128, 297
Rhynchotreta, / 297
Hh'innliolus . 128
Ribeiria, / 44
Binmlus 238
Romingeria, / 272
Bnpalonaria . .293
Rotalia, f 44,261
Rotella,/ 304
Botularia 36
Rueichnites, m 223, 319
Rusophycus, n ... .r .36, 257
Saccammina, / 261
Saceocrinus to. ... .90, 287
Saeriebnites, m 178
Saqenaria 36
Sabnella. / 100, 293
Salterella, /. 206
PAGE.
Sandalodus, m 238, 322
Sanguinolaria, / 202, 312
Sanguiuolites, to . . .202, 312
Saportaea, / » 257
Sarcinula. / 60,272
Sauripteris 238
Sauropleura, / 241, 324
Sauropus, m. 241
SccBvogyra, / ... 304
Scalaripora, / 293
Scalites, m. ' 162
Scaphiocrinus, m 91, 287
Scenella,/ 142
Scenellopora, / 293
Schaenaster, m 91
Schizocrania, / 128
Schizocrinus, m 91
Schizodus, m 203, 312
Schizopteris 36
Schutzia, /. : 36, 257
Scolithus, to.. . .36, 257, 315
Scolopendrites, to . . 36, 257
Scyphia 44
Scyphocrinus, to 91, 287
Scytalocrinus 287
Sedgwickia, /. 203, 312
Selaginites, to 36,257
Selenoides 44
Semicoscinium, n 101
Serpula, / 206, 315
Serpulites, to.. 206
Septopora, / 101
Shumardia, /. 223
Sicarius 322
Sidemina 309
Sigillaria. / 37, 257
Sigillarioides, m 38, 258
Siphonia 44
Skenidium, n 128
Smithia,/. 60,272
Solenoula, /. 258
Solarium 162
Solemya 204
Solen m 204
Soleniscus, m .162, 304
Snlenocaris . 223
Solenocheilus, n 178
Solenoraya, /. 204
Solenopleura, f. . . 223, 319
Solenopsis,/ 204
Solenoula,/ 258
Sorocladus, to 258
Spathiocaris, / 319
Spatiopora,/ 293
Sphaerexochus, to 223
Sphaerocoryphe, f. 223
Sphcerocrinus 91
Sphaerocystites, to 91
Sphaerolites, in 60
Sphenacodon, in 324
Spbenophyllum, re.. . 38, 258
Sphenopterie, / 38, 258
Sphenopterium 44
Sphenotballus, in 39
Spheropezium, re 242
Spirangium, n. 259
Spirifera./ 128,297
Spiriferina, / 133, 29S
PAGE.
Spirigera... 133
Spirophyton, re 39, 259
Spirorbis, to 207, 315
Spirula 178
Spongia 44
Sporangites, to 39, 259
Sporocystis, to 259
Staphylopteris, /. 39, 259
Staurocepbalites, to 315
Staurograptus, to 60
Steganocrinus, to 91, 287
Stellipora, /. 60, 272
Stemmatodus, to 239
Stemmatopteris, /. 259
Stenacanthus, to 239, 322
Stenaster, to 91
Stenopora, /. 60
Stenopterodus, to 322
Stenoschisma, re 133
Stenotheca, /. 142
Stephanocrinus, to... 92, 287
Stereocrinus, m 287
Sternbergia,/ 39
Stictopora, / 101, 293
Stictoporella 293
Stigmaria. /. 40, 259
Stigmarioides, to 40, 259
Stomatopora, / 294
Straparollina, f. 162
Straparollus, to 162, 304
Streblopteria, /. 204
Strephodes 272
Streptaxis, m 163
Streptelasma, re. 61, 245, 272
Streptoceras, a 178
Streptorhynchus, re.. 134, 298
Striatopora, / . . 61, 245, 273
Stricklandia 134
Stricklandinia, f 134, 298
Strigilina 322
Strobiiocystites, to 92
Strobilus 259
Stromatocerium re 61, 261, 273
Strom ntopora, /. .61, 261, 273
Strombodes, m 62, 273
Strophalosia, / 135, 298
Stropbites, to 304
Stropbodonta, / 135, 298
Stropbomena, / 136, 299
Stropbonella, / 299
Strophostylus, to . . 163, 304
Strotocrinus, to 92, 288
Stvlastrea, / 273
Stylifer 163
Styliola./. 300
Subulite-, m 163, 304
Synbathocrinus, m. ..92, 288
Synocladia, /. 101, 294
Syntrielasma, re 138
Syringocrinus, to 92
Syringodendron, re... 40, 259
Syringolites, to 273
Syringopora, / 62, 273
Syringostroma, re 62
Syringotbyris, / . . 138, 299
Syringoxylon, re 40
Taeniaster, m 92, 288
Taeniodue, in 322
334
INDEX OF GENERA.
PAGE.
Taeniophyllum, n 259
Tseniopora, / 101
Taeniopteris, / 40, 259
Talarocrinus, in 288
Tanaodus, in 239
Taonurus, m 259
Taxocrinus, in. 92, 288
Technocrinus, in 92
Teleiocrinus 288
Telephus, m 223
Tellina 204
Tellinomya, / 204, 312
Tellinopsis, J 205
Temnocheilus, n 178
Tentaculites, in .... 142, 300
Terataspis, / 223
Teratichnus, in 309
Terebratula,/...138, 245, 299
TerebratuliUs 139
Termes, in 319
Tetradium, n 62
Tetragraptus, m 62
Textilaria. 261
Thaleops,/. 223
Thallistigma, n 294
Thamniscus, in 101, 294
Thamnograptus, m.. .63, 273
Thamnopora, f 294
Theca,/ 142,300
Thecia, /. ..63
Thecostegites, m 63
Thenaropus, m 242
Theropleura, / 324
Thrinacodue, in 239
Thyrsidium, n 242
PAGE.
Thysanocrinus, m 93
Tomodus, m 322
Trachomatichnus. in. 309
Trachydomia, n 163
Trachypora,/ 63, 273
Trachyum, ...... . .44
Tremanotus 164, 304
Trematis,/. 139, 299
Trematoceras, n 309
Trematocrinus 93
Trematodiscus, m.. .179, 309
Trematopora,/.. . 101,294
Trematospira, f... . .139, 299
Triarthrella, /. ... 223
Triarthrus, m. 223, 319
Trichomanites, m 40
Trichophycus, n 260
Trichospongia, /. 44
Trigonocarpum, n... .40, 260
Trigonodus, m 239, 322
Trigonotreta, / 139
Trimerella,/ 139
Trimerorhachis, /. 324~
Trirnerus . . 223
Trinucleus. m 223,319
Triphyllopteris, /. 260
Triplesia 140, 299
Trochita,/. 164, 304
Trochoceras, ».. . . 179, 309
Trochonema, n 164, 304
Trocholites, m 179, 309
Trochophyllum, ?i41, 260 273
Trochus 164
Troostocrinus, m 288
Tropidoleptus, m 140
PAGE.
Tubipora, / 63
Tuditanus,' m 242, 324
Turbo, m 164, 304
Turbonilla 164
Turritella, / 164, 304
Ulodendron, n 41, 260
Ungulina .... 205
Unto 312
Uphanttenia, /. .41,260,261
Valvulina,/. 261
Vanuxemia, / 205, 312
Vasocrinus, m 93, 288
Vaticinodus, m 323
Venustodus, m 239
Vermipora, /. 63
Vesicularia.'/ 63
Vitulina, / 140
Walchia, f. 41, 260
Walcottia, /. 315
Waldheimia, f. 140
Whittlesey a, '/. 41, 260
Xenocrinus, m 288
Xenoneura, /. 226
Xenopbora, /. 164
Xylobius, m 224
Xystracanthus, m 239
Xystrodus, m 239, 323
Yoldia,/. 205, 312
Zamites, in 41, 260
Zaphrentis, / 63, 245, 273
Zatrachys, n 324
Zeaerinus, m 93, 288
Zonites, m 162
Zygospira, / 140, 499
/^72-