University of California Colleg.e of Agriculture Agricultural Experiment Station Berkeley, California STATISTICAL MATERIAL CALIFORNIA PLUTI INDUSTRY Jerry Foytik March 1950 Contribution from the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics Mimeographed Report No. 104 ON THE UNIVERSITY OF CAUFORNIA LIBRARY COLLEGE OF A( .RICULTURE DAVIS 1 STATISTICAL MATERIAL ON THE CALIFORNIA PLIM INDUSTRY Jerry Foytiki/ Table of Contents Pages Introduction 1 Charts Production, Utilization and Farm Prices . . 2-6 Shipments 7-9 Auction Marketings ..... 10-13 Tables Production, Utilization, and Farm Prices . . . . . . lU-20 Interstate Shipments ..»,.,. ....... ... . .. 21-27 Auction Marketings . . . ..... . . « ... . . • • •. 28-3$ Other Data... . ... .... . ........... ...... 36-i;7 1/ Instructor in Agricultural Economics and Junior Agricultural Economist in the Agricultural Experiment Station and on the Giannini Foundation. INTRODUCTION Plums, ^ one of California's highly perishable fruits, are used chiefly for fresh consumption, mainly in the heavily popxilated industrial region of the North Central and Northeastern states. Commercial production in the United States is confined principally to a few specialized producing areas in California and to fifteen or twenty major varieties. These varieties show striking differences in tree growth and productiveness, in physical characteristics, and in consvuner acceptance. They are marketed in a staggered fashion throughout the season (May-September) in accordance with progressively later maturity dates. The development of the plum industry, the economic problems encountered, and attempts at their solution are similar to those of other California deciduous fruit industries. Initially, various voliintary marketing plans (for marketing several fruits) were adopted. More recently, the industry has turned to compulsory pro- grams. Regulations of out-of-state plum shipments, resembling restrictions employed under federal legislation for other specialty coinmodities, have been imposed during most years since 1933, The following statistical material is designed to provide, in tabular and chart form, an empirical description of the economic aspects of producing and marketing California plums. Major trends and relationships are revealed by the summary charts appearing on pages 2 to y . The supporting detailed data as well as some supplemental statistics, are presented in the tables that follow, 1/ Confusion sometimes exists as to the distinction intended between a "priine" and a "plum." Originally, these terms were used as synonyms for the fruit of many hundred varieties comprising some fifteen different species, A differentiation in meaning has developed and is recognized in this tabulation. "Prune" designates a variety which can be and normally is dried without removal of the pit» The term refers to both the fruit in its fresh state and to the dried product. "Plum," on the other hand, specifies a variety grovn primarily for other uses, i,e., for fresh use, and, to a limited extent, for canning, freezing, crushing, and jam- and jelly- making. The "fresh prime," which is produced extensively in the Pacific Northwest, is equally well-suited and has been utilized in substantial volume for three purposes — fresh use, canning, and drying, . ^ Jews «ifnollXati nx e.3 ~ a ax Lite,- ■■^^Cl.iual'lQ^:^S'lSidt^ .i.iiwJ:?,XiUi ax ^atoan :)Vj:joij;. j iq .i-fis uJi/o-ia SQ'S.i : ,910M .'3b sfi'£ ■ ,.(2J•X£/■r!i .S£ei- oods.^ E'si^^Y ieoai ?,tixai0 fcsapqr.Jt ■ . ' '-^ f. r-- "t- •xjjxi; 9i*{* TCd 69-Ii.-e.V9i"RT .. itoi^+& rg-i bile ahna-c* . to-^^;! ►STit.f;/? Br-rttol-fiXBO nit.|*+'3:T'?:>-v?t ,wc- J ibl 'Jiilic.. 3 ex:j;5j ^^iio ni oaoni^^ii^q ="1;^; Figure 1 California Plums: Production, Utilization, and Farm Price. Five-year averages. 1909-1948 ta C o +5 o o o c o ■ H -p C3 N •H r-l •H -P 3 80 p i I Not Utilized ■' Shipned Out of State ,.,^1 Used Fresh in State K, Processed 200 1909-13 1914-18 1924-28 1934-38 1944-48 Production increased steadily, except during the 1930' s, from an average crop of 23.000 tons in 1909-13 to 81,000 tons for 1944-48. Quantities not utilized remained negligible until 1931 but have been substantial during several succeeding seasons. Only small quantities are crocessed. kn average of about 2.000 tons is usually canned. An additional 5,000 tons were frozen and crushed annually during the war Deriod (1943-46). Over 95 percent of the harvested production is sold in fresh form primarily at out-of-state markets. Fresh consumption in California has increased gradually from 2,000 tons in 1909-13 to is.OOO tons for 1944-48, while shipments from the state rose from 18.500 to 60,000 tons. Farm prices declined considerably during the interwar period but rose to substantially higher levels for recent years. Based on Tables 2 and 3. a 8*^-*i-ei 8s-:?5ej o.u^*jiv.i *.oa 8' ,.•!>:• .8-L t 000. ^rji-m: ■ '■ ■ : nA - • . ■ t t" di few Figure 2 Calif omia Plums: Production, Bearing Acreage and Yield, 1919-1949 w 40 m o C aj o •P bjO •H p-l OS .r^ ^ 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 Year-to-year fluctuations in production are considerable. The upward trend for production reflected changes in bearing acreage until 1935 and a sharp increase in yield during the past decade. Bearing acreage expanded rapidly until 1929, declined 30 percent during the 1930' s, and increased gradually since 1942 to a level still 15 percent below the 1929 peak. Yield fluctuated about an average of 2 tons per bearing acre until 1935 and increased rapidly thereafter to 3^ tons. Based on Table 1. 1-> Figure 3 California Plums: Varietal Classification of Acreage, by Ma.jor Districts. 1936 and 1946. 1936 1946 1936 1946 1936 1946 1936 1946 Reductions in acreage during 1936-41 v/ere offset by nev/ olantings during the subsequent five-year neriod so that the total acreage in 1946 was equal to that of ten years earlier. Imoortant changes in the geograohical , varietal and age distribution of acreage occurred during the decade. Acreage expanded by 40 percent in the San Joaquin Valley and declined by 10 and 30 percent respectively in the Placer District and in the Sacramento Valley. For the state as a whole acreage increased by 25 percent for Beauty and Sunta Rosa plums (the two major early varieties^ and decreased by 10 percent for all other varieties. The most significant varietal shift was an expansion (amounting to 65 percent) in acreage planted to early pi\jms in the San Joaquin Valley contrasted to a decline of 35 percent for these varieties in the two other important producing areas. Based on Table 4. (-1 Figure 4 5. California Plums: Age Classification of Acreage, by Major Districts. 1936 and 1946. San Joaquin Valley - s \ \ \ ' ■■■>\ K-v /I 1936 1946 Placer District — \ \ \ • • • • « • • • ■ • • • • • • 1 \'"" I • • • • . • . • • • • • * • • « « . ' \ A I • • • 1 1936 1946 .-.-"-| Older bearing trees (17 N \ ! years or more since •^A—'' planting) fTrn] Younger bearing trees (16 years or less since planting) ,,Ax! Nonbearin.fT trees Sac ramento Valley I. V V •X K-lTxl- - ■ 1936 1946 Other Couaties « • «t « • • • J ! i-x3C'rLi I 1936 1946 Half of the acreage in 1946 consisted of older bearing trees (17 years or more since nlanting) compared to 30 percent ten years earlier. In the San Joaquin Valley the 1946 acreage was almost equally divided between old bearing, young bearing, and nonbearing trees. For the remainder of the state the distribution of the acreage among these age categories was 60, 35, and 7 percent respectively. The bulk of nonbearing acreage in 1946 (75 percent of 4,700 acres) was located in the San Joaquin Valley, lalf of the nonbearing olum trees in California are Santa Rosas, 10 percent Beauty plums, and 20 percent of Duarte and President clums. The remaining 20 percent consists of varieties other than these four. Based on Table 5. California Plums i Figure 5 ^ • Grower Prices, by Type of Utilization^ 1909-1949. 150 r <]) a 10 O 100 .-c; IB U O 03 0) O r-t O i-t •H O 50 / - / / 150 0 ^ 125 ; 0) --^ !=> bO aS Ch O 0) El O (D U •H (D Interstate Fresh 100 75 50 25 — ^ Intrastate Fresh \ Canning Canning -J 25 1909-13 1919-23 1929-33 1939-43 Five-year Averages 1934 1938 1942 1946 Annual 1950 The average price received by growers (portrayed in the upper two P^^els^ senerally varied be twee^ $40 and 170 oer ton during 1909-28 for an average of $60. It declined sharply from $100 m 1929 to $20 in 1932. increased gradually to $50 by 1941, and rose sharply thereafter to ^fllO for 1942-48. In the lower nanels of the chart are shown the price relationships established m the three major outlets. Prices for fresh intrastate sales averaged 25 to 30 percent below the price received from interstate shipments during 1909-29 and about 15 percent lower since 1930. Ordinarily, the cannery price is 25 to 50 percent below that established for fresh sales. Based on Table 3. It Figure 6 7. California Plums: Out-of-State and Intrastate Fresh Shipments, 1919-1948 80 ,^ CO ■p O , 1 4 § - A A ' ' Out-of-state ! I \ I " \ i y A ( \ /, /■ « 1 ! \ J W / \ fi an I 40 ! - \-/ -\l '''-A/ ^ • i £ 20 i- -p 5 t 20 i- / X / \ Intrastate 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 \ 10 ;/ '^^-^ - / +5 o u t 0 -L 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 Fresh sales of plums within California increased steadily to an average of 15,000 tons for recent years. Shipments to out-of-state markets increased less rapidly. As a result, the oroportion of fresh marketings represented by local sales increased from 10 to 20 percent of the total during the past three decades. Based on Tahle 2. Figure 7 California Plums: Interstate Shioments, by Districts. 1928-1943 2 . 500 - San Joaquin Valley' 2,0001 1,500 1,000 500 / A A ' , / '> \ v ^ 1928 N / X / X / / \ / / Placer District — \ / Sacramento Valley \ 1931 1934 1937 1940 1943 1946 1949 Substantial shifts in the relative volume of olums shiooed to out-of-state markets from the different major producing districts are taking olace. Interstate shioments from Sacramento Valley declined steadily throughout the past tvro decades from about 1,000 to 250 cars. Exceot for yep r- to- year fluctuations, shipments originating in the Placer District continued at an average of approximately 1,700 cars. For San Joaquin Valley, shipments remained at about 1,200 cars \antil 1935 and increased rapidly thereafter to a volume aoproximately twice as large for 1944-48. The relative quantity coming from this area rose from 31 to 53 percent of the total during the oast tvrenty years. Based on Table 7. j8-^ J. Figure 8 California Plums: Interstate Shipments, by 10-day Periods, 1933-1937 Average 25 — ■ 11-20 21-31 1-10 11-20 Zl-ZO 1-10 11-20 21-31 1-10 11-20 21-31 1-10 11-20 21-30 May June July August September The difference in sepsonal movement of plums is due largely to the fact that in San Joaquin Vc.lley a greater proportion of the shipments consists of earlier maturing varieties. One quarter of the plums from San .Joaquin Valley are shipoed by June 15, one ht.lf by June 26, three quarters by July 15 the remaining quarter is shipped after mid-July. Shipments from Placer District are about two weeks later (even though first shipoing dates for individucl varieties are only a few days later). Shipments from San jDaquin Valley increase rapidly to a peak movement by mid- June and decline substantially with each subsequent ten-day period. Movement from Placer District increases more gradually and then continues at a level of almost 15 oercent for each of the next five periods before declining.. Based on Table 8. ■Tnci.3-,r3€E iijn . 'tr' . . ■•'■'j-'C-.'k icj^IOCJ- KOAWeXTf' 1,5.013 -'ptfoj: ' J- .fMrao ;.,L'53'qf?, fO if bc("j< i:.: -sRi^i ^ ., :..^-';^v■-• 'i!T»53' /-jj© 'dn-f trie's. Nsr ^f;.";. ,. • ••. • M • . • •-. -4 • *. -., : I. * . . .4 •-■=■2, 'josdrs/ii A^'JI*^^ Figure 9 California Plums: Shift in Varietal ComDosition ofNevr York Auction Sfil. five-year averages. 1920-1944 Other Varieties 245? - ' - — " 28-% 2Q% 25% Four Increasing Varieties 309b \ \ ZQ% 44^ 55^ Seven Decreasing Varieties 61% zH 28"^ 1 20"% 1920-24 1925-29 1930-34 1935-39 1940-44 Seven vorieties (Climax, Tragedy, Burbank. Diamond, Grand Duke, Giant, and Gros-Hungarian) . previously sold in large volume, have declined considerably in Relative sales — from 61 to 20 oercent of total marketings. Sales of four other varieties (Beauty, Santa Rosa, Duarte, and President) have increased from 15 to 55 percent of the total. Since 1920 about one quarter of all plums sold (at the New York auction market) were varieties other than the eleven mentioned. Based on Table 15. S im }>l,SiiTCf£,i..f: ) jjerSiv- i 1 .•r 'fr c;Tr. vp.M T.c.r,H- . <; "r-^ p • .31,0* -H'W^" Figure 10 California Plums t 'Veekly New York Auction Sales, by Varietal Groups. 1940-44 average 100 to SO o M a> -p 2 60 o m a> w 40 o o o Early varieties — 7 I i 1 1 1 1 ! ,1 '/A //A /, Vi I 'A 'y / — Midseason varieties •y X//A Late varieties 8 9 10 11 12 13 ■VVeek of Season 19 20 The extent to which the major varietal groups are sold at different periods during the season is clearly apparent (the same general picture is revealed for earlier years). Only during two weeks of the season (weeks 7 and 11) do sales consist of substantial quantities of plums representing different varietal groups* After week 7 sales of early varieties (Beauty, Santa Rosa. Formosa, and Climax) are negligible, v/hereas sales of late varieties (Kelsey, President, Grand Duke, Giant, and Gros-Hungarian) are not substantial until week 11. About 90 percent of midseason plums (Tragedy, ■vickson, Burbank, Gaviota, Duarte, Sugar, and Diamond) are marketed during weeks 7-11, (Note: minor varieties are not included in this tabiklation. ) Based on Table 16. \ •■^.»i"5it.:(.T.q > 4i Figure 11 12.^ California Plums i CO v •l-l -p o m o iH (Si w OS +> o Eh O n cs ID w O (D O U <0 New York Auction Sales and Prices, by Varieties, five-year averages, 1920-1944 — ■, 140 20 i 10 :v 'l !! j 1 ! !l '! Beauty Price i 120 100 80 Sales —7 : I 1 'i I ! Santa Rosa Formosa Climax 10-! 0 - 1 ijj 1 ' \ n : ii ! ■ 1 120 100 80 ! ! ' Tragedy Wiokson Burbank Duarte y\ - 10 Sugar ! \r-\ 10 _JLiLJi Diamond I I i J i 140 120 100 80 Kelsey President j 100 I i 80 i in -.1 I: ! Grand Duke Giant n (D •H -P ID •H u d > 1^ o < c O M (D CO o -p ID C(S L. O U i mt; \ \ \ \ 1,074 1 942 i 132 1 965, 940 1,044 ; 873: 171 i 989! 882 2,249! 1,911 338 j 2,066 i 1,927 1 1 1 ( 25 107 139 100 1,061 1,104 2,265 1 i " 1 1 i 1 100 0 1 : 1 953 , 108 ! 833 ; 271 i 1,886 379 i a/ The most satisfactory data available in April 1948. Subsequently bearing and nonbearing acreage data have been revised on a state basie. Comparisons with table 1 shows that the revisions made were not large. b/ Information for additional varieties not available. The counties grouped in the different districts are the following: 3an Joaquin Valley — the eight listed Placer district — the three listed and Alpine, Amador, Calaveras, Inyo, Mariposa, Mono, Sierra and Tuolumne Sacramento Valley—the six listed and Colusa, Glenn and Tehama c/ Data for 1936 adjusted slightly by rounding (from 0,1 acre data). Source of data: U. S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Adjustment Administration, "California Fruit and Nut Acreage Survey, 1936" (Stat. Fub. No. 1), Jan. 1938; and California Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, "Acreage Estimates, California Fruit and Nut Crops" as of 1941 and 1946 issued June 1942 and June 1947* ^ ) TABLE 5 California KLums: Acreage, by Age, Variety and District, 1936-1946 S/ Variety 1 State total San J oaquin Valley Placer District Sacramento 1 Other Valley | counties 1 1936 1946 1936 1946 1936 1946 1936 1946 1 1936 ! 1946 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 10 Beauty Santa Rosa Climax Tragedy Wickson Burbank Duarte Kelsey Grand Duke President Ten varieties Other varieties All varieties Beauty Santa Rosa Climax Tragedy Wickson Burbank Duarte Kelsey Grand Duke President Ten varieties Other varieties All varieties Beauty Santa Rosa Climax Tragedy Wickson Burbank Duarte Kelsey Grand Duke President Ten varieties Other varieties All varieties acres of all trees (bearing and nonlDC 5aring) 3,393 5,080 1,384 1,629 2,163 1,396 1,898 1,789 762 2,830 22,324 5,642 27,966 2,638 7,882 628 1,472 1,387 981 2,673 1,367 299 2,525 21,852 6,428 28,280 1,088 2,847 414 782 599 124 110 673 76 530 7,243 963 8,206 1,511 5,325 225 756 501 112 566 475 62 741 10,274 1,183 11,457 880 949 603 115 974 1,091 1,626 816 427 1,649 9,130 2,535 11,665 511 907 304 84 599 808 1,749 736 160 1,270 7,128 3,460 10, 588 1,398 565 343 655 557 133 139 135 243 470 4,638 1,208 5,846 592 691 93 577 261 33 272 76 71 361 3,027 943 3,970 27 719 24 77 33 48 23 165 16 181 1,313 936 2,249 24 959 6 55 26 28 86 80 6 153 1,423 842 2,265 acres of old bearing trees (l7 or more seasons since planting) 1,057 1,191 667 715 744 659 373 479 442 518 6,845 2,069 8,914 ,1 1,326 3,060 560 857 998 830 1,087 1,031 265 1,458 11,472 2,823 14,295 91 421 102 276 104 48 15 109 21 63 1,250 181 1,431 353 1,679 176 476 245 79 43 328 41 307 3,727 511 4,238 374 401 311 51 374 500 314 271 250 293 3,139 946 4,085 447 678 288 45 512 693 991 593 149 888 5,284 1,398 6,682 585 266 251 362 251 91 43 64 169 155 2,237 593 2,830 503 293 91 286 221 33 49 42 71 206 1,795 467 2,262 10 2 1 2 3 21 34 56 7 3 3 6 5 0 1 5 2 7 9 9 B 23 410 5 50 20 25 4 68 4 57 666 447 1,113 acres of young bearing trees (l6 or less seasons/ since planting) 2,080 3,399 683 845 1,218 660 1,145 1,186 297 1,890 13,403 2,626 16,029 887 2,327 68 442 315 144 1,047 324 30 778 6,362 2,886 9,248 822 2,186 302 488 414 68 38 527 52 414 5,311 500 5,811 739 1,576 49 188 185 28 179 141 17 223 3,325 331 3,656 462 451 269 56 498 530 1,018 465 163 1,079 4, 991 1,122 6,113 64 210 16 38 87 113 717 137 11 366 1,759 1,987 3,746 777 287 92 252 290 37 79 70 73 262 2,219 543 2,762 83 199 t 2 212 ' 37 0 118 34 0 99 784 289 1,073 1 47 2( 4 1 2 1( 12 13 88, 46; 1,34 9 5 9 ^ 5 D 1 9 5 L 3 1 342 1 4 6 3 33 12 2 90 494 279 773 1 A (continued on next page,). 1 j I 20. Table 5 continued, I Variety San Joaquin Placer Sacramento Other State total Valley District Valley counties 1936 1946 _j 1936 1946 1936 1946 1936 j 1946 193 6 1946 1 2 r~3 4 1 5 6 7 8 1 9 10 11 acres of nonbearing trees (genetaHy 4 or less seasons s ince planting) Beauty 256 425 175 419 44 0 36 6 1 0 Santa Rosa 490 2,495 240 2,070 97 19 12 199 14 1 207 Climax 34 0 10 0 23 0 0 0 1 0 Traeedy 69 173 18 92 8 1 41 79 2 1 Wick son 201 74 81 71 102 0 16 3 0 0 Bur bank 77 7 8 5 61 2 5 0 3 0 Duarte 380 539 57 344 294 41 17 105 12 49 Kelsey 124 12 37 6 80 6 1 0 6 0 Grand Dxilie 23 4 3 4 14 0 1 0 S 0 President 422 289 53 211 277 16 53 56 39 6 Ten varieties 2,076 4,018 682 3,222 1,000 85 182 448 212 263 Other varieties 947 719 282 341 467 75 72 187 126 116 All varieties 3,023 4,737 964 3,563 1,467 160 254 635 33 3 379 V See footnotes on table 4 for explanations. ource of data: U.S. Department of Agricvature, Agriculttire Adjustment Adminis- tration. "California Fruit and Nut Acreage Survey, 1936." (Stat. Pub. No. 1) Jan. 1938, supplemented by unpublished data furnished by the California Crop and Livestock Fieporting Service, February 1948, I ':i3 TABLE 6 21. California Plvtras: Unloads at 64 Cities, ^^1927-1939 and 1946-1948 Region and City^/ Averar;es Annual X3C 1 — iy ou iyoi— iyo4t 1900-1939 1946-1948 1946 1947 1948 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 North east Nev/ YorV Hi-Hr ool 705 913 1,215 1,282 1,134 U230 Philadelphia Ltd 160 163 323 366 291 313 Pittsburrh 82 56 77 181 220 159 165 171 185 256 265 324 208 262 121 137 108 147 160 165 115 1,184 1,243 1,517 2,131 2,352 1,957 2,085 North central f*rlT Q n* /> vXlX uclgO 242 185 203 397 422 353 416 X'C OX UX 0 106 70 78 169 203 151 152 S'fc - Paul -"TTi nnpfl r»nT n o 47 45 83 76 110 Gl 58 vliXiJ ox UXoo. J 150 141 121 212 255 193 187 218 154 150 213 281 191 168 763 595 635 1,067 1,271 949 979 South ijai.x»iinQre 51 46 38 88 111 80 75 Washington, D« C. 4 14 6 21 25 23 15 Nev;- Orleans 17 22 15 43 58 39 OO Texas cities^/ 26 29 36 65 84 60 51 Other cities 32 20 20 80 111 92 36 Total-20 cities 130 131 115 298 389 294 CX.\J Yfest (Non-California) Total-5 cities . 43 27 32 50 77 38 36 Total-64 cities 2,120 1,996 2,299 , ,1 3,546 4^389 3,238 3,310 a/ Includes carlot freight and express movement by rail and boat shipment reduced to carlot equivalents, Ihe 64 cities include all cities outside of California appearing in reports for 1927-1939, Additional cities have been added subsequently to the tabulations; but these are excluded from this summarization. h/ North east includes Nev/ England states and New York, New Jersey and' Pennsylvania. North central includes Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Vfisoonsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, lorra, Missouri and Kansas, South includes the 16 states (and the District of Columbia) immediately Tsouth of those listed above, ITest includes the 10 states (exclusive of California) vrest of the tier of states from North Dakota to Texas, 2/ Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Colimbus, Dayton, Toledo and Youngstovm, a/ Dallas, El Paso, Ft, ITorth, Houston and San Antonio, \ Note ; Data not published for years prior to 1927 nor for period 1940-1945, Source of data; U,S,D,A, "Carlot unloads of certain fruits and vegetables in 100 cities and imports in 5 cities for Canada, calendar year 1948," June 1949j and corresponding reports for previous years. ( 1 *• 1 1 ' - • . .. • . i ■ •xXoqi ■ "i Tt - . i ■ C* V ■ . I ! . i • • ! i; ■ : i i ! •-I i • • '1 • " % ■ ^ ■- ~ ' " ■ fO^I -OXltMHi '.\gi-- . • . ■ '.XlO; ■V'3r■ TABLE 7 22 California Plums: Interstate Carlot Shipments,^/ by Originating Districts, Annual, 1928-1949 Period ending 1 I State : total . Placer district Sacrame nto Valley 1 San Joaauin Valley ' ATI Solano County Other coimties ' San Joaquin ; County Other coiinties ± , — L — 3 .4, .. 5 ! 6 7 j counties 8 Averages: 1 ! 1929-1933 3,961 ! 1,805 489 404 236 986 41 1934-1938 3 , 576 ■ 1,620 339 308 230 1,043 36 1939-1943 3,849 ■ 1,683 121 240 274 1,472 fi9 i 1944-1948 4,383 I 1,803 98 172 283 1,954 73 1 iAnnual: ! 1928 4,645 ; 1,933 821 595 292 971 33 1929 2,691 ; 1,138 498 136 56 813 50 1930 ; 5,889 2,438 840 777 483 1,289 i 62 1931 3,968 ■ 1,957 329 402 233 1,014 33 1932 3,894 ' 1,960 441 347 204 908 34 1933 3,362 1,531 335 360 204 906 26 : 1934 3,949 1,917 384 449 223 950 26 1935 2,810 1,145 306 300 246 784 29 1936 3,968 2,011 401 281 237 997 41 : 1937 3,590 1,520 266 266 184 1,311 43 1938 3,565 1,508 336 247 261 1,174 39 ' 1939 3,673 1,677 103 296 274 1,283 j 40 1940 3,837 , 1,669 175 307 353 1,297 36 1941 3,866 : 1,887 124 211 230 1,366 ! 48 1942 3,852 ' 1,5';6 106 223 0'7 C 1 , b 5<£ ' 48 1943 4,019 : 1,636 100 161 I 236 1,761 { 125 1944 ' 4,988 1,884 1 134 ' 217 427 2,219 i 107 1945 j 3,570 1,207 96 139 j 188 1,881 i 59 1946 ! 5,484 2,405 117 ■ 220 ! 348 1 2,311 I 83 1947 1 4,129 1,784 ^ 78 125 i 160 1,934 ; 48 1948 j 3,744 1,732 : 65 ' 161 j 292 1,427 1 67 1949 i 4,1462^ i a/ Excludes small quantities shipped by boat during some years since these are not reported by county of origin. b/ Counties included in the different districts are listed in table 4. £/ Preliminary. Source of data: California Federal-State Market News Service, "Interstate Shipments of California Deciduous Tree Fruits," annual summary issues. S3 8a' ; ■yd b-3jToqei 23, mBLE 8 California Plums; Interstate Carlot Shipments, by Oricinatinc Districts, by 10-day Periods, 1928-1942 Saciwento Valley San Joaquin Valley State Placer oolano Other San Joaquin ■ Other Other Period total district County counties C ounty counties cou.nties 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 - — — ■ - r liay XI— tU 4.? 1 c i.o ,t) U 1 R X,0 0 iiX— oi 157-6 30.? O0.4t 1 A n u 7R n / 0,U 0 June 1-10 116,8 yo .ft m A Oi. ,"1 1 ri i.U 1 70 0 0 11-20 730«4 ?08 . ? 1 HQ R iuy ,D 7ft 9 11 n ii.W ■^9/1 R .6 (SJ.— ou 730.6 317.6 Oft 0 A'^ /i 4o,4k 1 Q1 A xyx ,u 2,8 Till ir 1 in X— J.U o oo « o 59,4 60,4 43,6 91.0 6,0 1 1 or\ ii— <;0 562.5 323,8 76.4 43,8 48,0 63. 2 - 7.4 21-31 448,2 228,0 / y ftO 4 / • 4 •^ft 9 00, & 5,2 August i-iO 1 RR 4- oy ft^ UOftO "KCi ft 9^^ ft 5,0 ii-*20 1 HI »fi X ox • o 104-? X\y^, Oftb T / Q 14»o 1 C D 0, £ 4.0 ^xX ,6 9.8 6,0 1 e 7.6 September 1-10 1 n c i o«o 1 A i4 0 1.4 0 1.0 9.9 11-20 R Db o 0, Q 0 0 0 • 0 J- • b « o 0 • 4 U * October 1 1 A i — iU R • D 0 0 u U 0 io cai X,00«J , X cor; D 000,0 400.^: 0 c: ft 42,2 J. joo— iyo / Ave rage Hay 1 1 on ii— 44,0 51,8 34.2 108,2 3,8 11-20 533.4 297,8 45,0 51,8 ■ 46.8 84.8 7,2 21-31 404,2 231.8 39,2 41,6 47.0 3,6 August 1-10 1 m a xox ,o 26.0 32,2 26.0 21.6 ,6 11-20 187,6 111,6 12,2 24,6 17.0 20,6 1»6 21-31 95,8 57,0 1.4 12,0 7.6 13,2 4*6 September 1-10 28c8 1584 0 2o4: 2,2 4,2 4,6 11-20 11,4 9,6 0 ,i .4 ,4 ftb 21-30 3,2 3,0 0 0 0 .2 October 1-10 1,2 1.0 rv U r\ U 0 ,2 Total 3-535.6 1.624.8 338,4 33X ft 3 218.8 989,4 33,0 1958-19'i2 Average^ 1.2 0 Hay 45.8 • 2 1.0 0 43.4 June 1,293.0 2G7.6 62.0 54,4 ftO 859,2 4,8 July 1,576,0 836.6 71,8 120.6 179.0 342.6 25,4 Aunust 760,2 479.2 33,0 62.2 72,4 104.6 8.8 September, 76.8 48.0 1,0 17,4 2 ft 3 5,0 3,2 OctoberJl/ 6.0 5,8 0 ,2 0 0 0 Total 3,757,8 1,557.4 168.8 256.0 278,6 1,354,8 42,2 ^continued on ne::t pagej - '• • • • ' ■ * • ■ ' • VI f • a' r - 5* ^ ■ r ,'y- ■ ■ 1 ■ "4 • ,» '» 1 -J. -■ • •> c ,;*• -■• • J i ( a ' . ' . ■ ■ ♦ 1 9 ■f 8i8 > ; 2k, Tabic 8 continued i a/ Counties included in the different districts are listed in table 4, b/ Hot available by 10-day periods. Includes snail quantities shipped during November in 1941, Source of data: Based on data from California Federal-State Market Fev/s Service, "Interstate Shipnents of California Deciduous Tree Fruits," annual reports (for 1928-1930 and 1938-1942) supplemented by unpublished data (1931-1937) available in files of S, ¥J, Shear, Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics, University of Cali- fornia, «L « 25. TABLE 9 I California Plums: Interstate Car lot Shipments by Varieties, 1935-19i;9 Average 1 Variety 1935- 1939- 1 19hk- 1 Annual 1937 19h3 \ 19U8 19i;5 19U6 1 19U7 19ii8 19U9 1 2 3 1 h }. . — ^ — 1 5 6 7 B 9 10 cars of 1,000 packages Beauty hi 2 593 635 i;93 62U 892 323 ShS Santa Rosa 592 1,010 1,317 1,276 1,293 1,819 l,3ii5 1,055 1,82U Duarte 229 U50 539 622 363 703 610 9I;1 5ii7 President 256 312 363 h23 366 h09 Uoli 212 292 Four varieties 1,51U 2,2Uii 2,812 2,956 2,515 3,SSS 3,251 2,531 3,208 Formosa 95 63 66 89 63 85 63 32 53 CliTiax 1U5 66 h6 75 33 52 U5 23 31 Tragedy 1 )i7 ClSJ 153 7/ickson 282 235 21U 251 181 281; 180 175 150 Burbank 180 1U7 136 170 79 151 120 159 111 Gaviota 88 68 62 90 23 89 Ux 66 hi Sugar 100 Qh 77 125 60 75 h9 77 h2 Diamond 82 hi hh 62 ho 57 I43 20 26 Kelsey 168 iQh 176 177 106 268 110 221 138 Grand Duke 90 hi 29 U8 28 37 26 6 13 Giant 120 105 111 95 138 123 112 82 U8 Eleven varieties l,5U5 1,203 1,117 1,1;16 898 1,U36 955 983 806 Other varieties 177 215 i;22 271 166 298 260 26U 22h All varieties 3,236 3,662 U,35i l;,6i;3 3,579 5,289 ii,ii66 3,778 h,238 a/ Data not exactly comparable to state figures shown in other tables because of different basis of reporting. Data not available for 1938 season. Cars based on 1,000 packages per car. Source of data: California Tree Fruit Agreement, 19U9 annual report, table 2. 1 V. 1 . , < -.1 1 o r Table 10 26. California Plums: Varietal Distribution of Interstate Carlot Shipments, by Districts, 1939-1941 and 1944-1946 Averages^/ (State Total &n Joaovmi Valley Sacramoito IMlBii/i P3aoer District Other Coionties 1193 9— 1944- 1939- i 1944- 1939- 1944- 1939- 1944- 193 3- 1944- Variety 1946 . 1941 1946 1941 1946 1941 1946 194 1 !1946 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9, 10 11 cars of 1,000 packages Beauty •j 1 ; 420 584 246 408 .. 40 r 32 134 144 0 Santa Rosa [ 904 1,462 702 1,184 46 60 136 177 20 41 Climax j 73 54 27 26 5 3 41 25 Formosa ; 66 79 36 43 13 12 17 24 0 0 Trasedv I 182 197 117 118 52 67 13 22 0 0 i Wickson 264 239 122 129 19 18 123 92 0 0 1 Bur bank ! 151 134 14 10 2 133 119 2 3 Gaviota 1 78 67 2 68 60 0 0 Duarte 1 489 563 28 68 35 28 425 465 1 2 Sugar i 78 86 65 76 7 A 5 1 2 Diamond \ 44 53 7 12 12 25 38 0 0 Kelsej'" i 200 183 68 82 10 5 116 91 6 5 President ' O f ! 305 399 88 106 37 3n 17 JL ( O 249 5 14 Grand Duke i 46 38 13 8 10 6 23 24 0 0 Giant j 100 121 17 20 6 74 94 1 1 15 above i varieties '3 '" on 4 2^19 1,557 2,286 299 277 1,508 36 68 Becky Smith 1 I i 45 38 .%/ 1 Eldorado 1 1 36 31 Gros-Hungarian ! 11 2 1 8 i -^/ Sharkey i 67 3 63 i 0 Miscellaneous 85 18 15 51 ! 1 Other varieties ^ 232 244 53 90 48 25 129 128 2 ! 1 All varieties 3,632 . .i. ,. .,. 4,503 1,610 2,376 1 347 302 1,637 1,756 38 69 a/ For some years complete detail was not reported as to district of origin of varietal shipments. Approximations, which have a small effect on three-year averages, were made in such cases. b/ Less than half a car, c/ Data reported for these less important varieties during 1939-1941 were not sufficiently complete to pei-mit calculation of even approximate varietal distribu- tion by district of origin. Source of data; California Tree Fruit Agreement, anniial reports. 1 '■ C Vi 27. TABLE 11 California Plums: Size Distributions of Interstate Carlot Shipments, by Varieties, 1941-1946 Average^/ Variety Plums per orate^ Crate pack Non-crate packd./ (in order 4x4 i 6x6 of season and and of shipment) Weip;ht Number larper 3::4x5 4x5 5x50/ 5x6 smaller Boxes Lug s Other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 pounds per cent of variety totalf/ Beauty 27,2 260 2.3 1.9 1 1 32.7 56.6 4,8 0 ( 1, 3 • 4 Santa Sosa 27,9 252 14.7 26,9 ,5 e/ 3. 7 Formosa 28,7 206 40.0 8.1 44,0 4,9 .1 0 1.6 . 7 .6 Climax 28.3 215 26,2 10.1 52.2 9,8 ,2 0 .9 , 5 .1 Tragedy 25,6 323 .1 e/ .4 34,0 47,4 8.8 • -8. 9 0 Wickson 29,4 188 66,4 6o6 16.8 1,1 0 e/ 6.0 2. 3 .8 Burbank 1 Q 1 16.7 47.1 14.2 .4 0 .2 2. • 1 .2 Ori'\ri nta. 28,8 203 42,5 15.4 33,7 5,5 £/ e/ 1.6 1. 2 .1 Duarte 27.8 235 10,9 12.0 43.8 30.6 1.2 .1 e/ 1. 2 .2 Su^ar 26,3 298 ,2 .3 6,4 56.5 29,5 3,2 .5 3, 3 .1 Diamond 26.9 271 ,7 1.7 23.9 55,9 i 11,3 .4 e/ 5. 8 ,3 Kelfeey 29.4 189 57,3 5.5 14,8 1.2 i 0 0 17.3 3. 8 ,1 President 28,2 223 20,4 12.7 40,5 20.0 ! .5 e/ 1.0 4. 8 ,1 Grand Duke 27.4 252 3,2 3.7 40.7 44.4 ! 2,9 .1 .7 4, 1 .2 Giant 27.3 256 3,4 3.2 37.6 44,9 5.8 ,3 .4 4, 4 0 Becky Smith 29.1 197 58.3 4,0 29.1 4,5 I .2 e/ 2,0 1. 9 0 Eldorado 28.6 209 33,7 7.5 34,2 8,7 i .1 0 ,1 15. 5 ,2 Sharkey 29,2 195 55.4 17.1 21.0 3.2 ; 0 i 0 2,1 • 9 ,3 All varieties 27.85 236 18,5 6.6 37,1 28.0 4.1 i .6 1.6 , . 3. 3 .2 plum 3 per cratei/ Number 176, 204. 224. jSGO. |340. 408. Pounds L,. 30.0 28.8 27,7 1 26,9 j 25,1 23 , 6 18,6 25. 9 a/ Average for 1941, 1944, 1945 and 1946 seasons. Data shovm to one decimal place even though year-to-year differences are substantial. b/ Weight or number per crate shovm at the bottom of the table multiplied by per- centage distribution for each size of crate pack and divided by percentage shipped in crates. Refers only to the portion of the crop packed in crates, c/ Includes small quantities of 4x5x5 pack. ; d/ Generally plums in boxes are large in size, -while those in lugs are sm.all. Small quantities for vj-hich type of container vms not specified are sho^vn under "Other". e/ Less than ,05 per cent, f/ Based on information in California Tree Fruit Agreement, "Plums, 1944", table 9, Source of data: California Tree Fruit Agreement, Annual reports for 1941-1946, except columns 2 and 3 which are calculated as indicated. I TABLE 12 28 California Plums: Auction Sales and Prices at Twelve Markets, 1935-1949 Auction sales lear and type of pack 1 New York Chi- ! Phila- Bos- Eight other Auctdcr. prioe cngo ' delphla I ton ; markets All j Per cent j : AH twelve I at ; Ilew ■ nar-j markets . New York : York i ketqi j Crate pack j 1935 i 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 I 1949 I 1935-1939 average! Crates { Lugs 1 Boxes Equivalent crates-' 1940-1944 average Crates Lugs Boxes Equivalent crates-/ 1946-1949 average Crates Lugs Boxes Equivalent crates^ 1,000 packagep^/ 8 10 per , ; do liars per cent^/ i package 721 894 861 949 967 1,04.^. 1,014 969 946 964 285 1,268 1,032 1,093 1,124 878 25 118 982 231 ! 313 • 318 ; 322 ; 283 I 333 I 334 ' 365 j 286 312 38 410 308 391 376 293 6 11 307 987 I 326 73 I 12 68 ! 7 1,106 1,129 31 45 1,190 343 371 6 5 380 165 248 228 236 240 277 272 271 271 274 47 358 256 296 330 224 3 15 237 273 13 7 290 310 6 4 319 174 212 198 247 216 244 216 229 153 202 42 239 136 162 161 209 16 225 209 10 5 222 175 2 2 179 283 520 379 452 379 467 452 364 314 443 92 545 392 407 548 403 6 12 417 408 23 5 434 473 14 3 489 1,574 2,187 1,984 2,206 2,085 2,365 2,288 2,198 1,970 2,195 504 2,820 2,124 2,349 2,539 I 45,8 ' 40.9 43 ,4 43.0 : 46.4 44.1 44.3 44.1 48,0 43,9 56.5 I 45.0 1 48.6 i 46.5 i 44.3 2,007 I 43.7 44 i 56.8 172 2,158 2,203 ; 131 i 92 1 2,458 59 59 2,557 68.6 45.3 44.8 55.9 74,0 2,395 I 46.2 45.9 52,5 76.3 46,5 1.54 1.36 1.71 1.33 1.51 1.60 1.75 2.53 4.24 2.70 3.43 13,41 il.52 ;l.35 11.67 11,30 11.48 1.55 :i.73 |2.50 j4.14 12.63 3.05 1 3.65 I 3.48 : 2,91 3.00 ,3,61i 13,43 2.87 1.49 1.46 1.38 1.30 1,12 '1,08 2,56 b.51 2.28 !2.27 1.83 1.81 3.27 2.83 3.23 2.88 2.25 2.16 a/ Five-year averages and percentage computed directly from unrounded data and may vary slightly from those given by rounded annual data shown, b/ Factors used to convert to equivalent crates are: 1.000 for lugs and 0.667 for boxes. Source of data: Based on data from California Federal-State Market News Service, "Plms: Weighted Average Prices Received at Eastern Auction Markets," annual summary reports (mimeographed) , t - ■';*.■ ■ ) P - ' ». < » i 1 J. k ' V i - . -A .r' . ' ■■ * ■ i f ■ - i 1. ' 4 1 '-•■^ f n ^ est. I J. ' TABLE 13 California Fluras: Auction Sales at T.-relve Haricots, by Varieties and Types of Container, 1940-1944 Average '^ariety Grate Key/ York- Beauty Santa Hosa Formosa Climax Early varieties Tragedy ITicIcson Burbank Gaviota Duarte Sugar Diamond Hidseason variety Kelsey President Grand Dulce Giant Gros -Hungarian Late varieties Major varieties Minor varieties jAll varieties pac Chlcaro Phila- j del ph i a (Boston - 4 "X""^ 1,000 crates "Eight other narkets g twelve markets 118.3 186.4 24,9 15.5 345,1 75.4 62*9 36.9 15,1 107,1 26,6 17,6 341.6 59.9 133,5 14,6 27.1 6^4 241,5 928.2 59,3 987,5 4-6,3 67,2 5.5 6.2 125.2 23,9 18.4 16.3 6,6 36,5 16.3 3,4 121,4 10.6 32,7 4.7 13.7 1.3 63,0 309.6 16.4 326.0 39.4 54,9 4.9 5,0 104; 2 17,0 15,8 12.2 6,5 34,3 12,5 2,9 101.2 8.5 28.9 3,9 11.8 1.0 54.1 13,4 272,9 20,9 41.8 2,3 3.1 68.1 12.5 15,2 9,6 5,0 27.6 9.1 3.3 82,3 6.8 27.2 3.7 9^9 1.3 48,9 199.3 9,7 209.0 57.4 90^4 5;! 7^5 160;4 12,5 26.7 25,0 n.o 64.9 7,9 8.8 156.8 9.7 36,8 7.3 14.0 1.7 69.5 386.7 21.3 408.0 282,3 440 i 7 42,7 37; 3 803^0 141.3 139.0 lOOiO 44,2 270.4 72.4 36.0 803.3 95.5 259.1 34,2 76,5 11.7 477,0 2,083,5 120,1 2,203,4 Per cent at Hev/ York 8 per cent 41,9 42,3 58.3 41.6 43,0 53,4 45,3 36,9 34, S 3 9.6 36,7 48.9 42,5 62.7 51.5 42.7 35.4 54,7 50.6 44.6 49,4 44.8 All narkets^/ Lugs Bo::es 10 Equivalent crates 11 1,000 packages 11.7 41.6 ,7 .1 54,1 7.7 11.1 2.0 ,9 4.8 3.5 1.6 31.6 5.9 9.7 .6 2.7 .2 19.1 104.8 26.2 13],0 .6 1.2 .5- 2,6 ,7 23, 2 ,8 1.8 2.7 y .1 29.3 4 5.1 6,0 b/ .6 .3 52.0 83,9 7.7 91,6 294,2 482,'8 44 .'1 57;7 858,8 149,5 165.6 102.5 46,2 277<0 75*9 37,6 854^3 131,4 272,8 34.8 79.7 12.0 530,7 2,243,8 ■ 151.6 2,395.4 Per cent in crate pack 12 per cent 96;0 91.3 96.8 98*9 93^5 94,5 83,9- 97.6 95,7 97^6 95^4 95,7 94,0 72,7 95,0 98^3 96.0 97,5 89,9 92.8 79.2 92,0 (Conti nued on next page,)' ! i ;• - • ■ tI •3 i £ \ [ t 1 ♦ ^ i > ■ ■.■■>• *j *• ^1 Table 13 continued . a/ Factors used to conirert to equivalent crates are: 1,000 for lugs and 0.667 for bores, Converstons were made directly from original unrounded data and nay vary sli-htly from those given by rounded annual data shovm. Less than fifty packages. Source of data: Based on data from California Federal-.'Jtate Karlcet Ilevra Service, "Plums: ITexghted Avera<^e Prices Received at Eastern Auotion Llarlcets , " annual sumi.iarj'- reports (nineo.) O TABLE 14 31.. California Plums: Weekly Auction Sales at New York and Other ^&^kets^/ 1940-1944 Average Week of \ season - 1 Crate pack New I York Lvtgs Other New York Eoxet Other New York j Percenta ^ -e nf -fnly ill Other New Yorl^ r other 4 6 8 1,000 packages 1 8.^ 9.7, .1 1 Z 28,2 41.2 i .9 1 •'••^ i 3 62,3 87.6 5.5 4.9 ! 4 63.6 83.3 3,9 4.5 1 5 66.3 94.7 8.0 11.1 ! 6 87.8 120.3 7.8 9.8 i 7 93.5 117.5 7 8 84.0 112,4 8.1 4.8' 9 81.7 o o 10 83,4 96,1 5.9 3.9 11 88,0 99.6 7,6 12 75.2 89.5 6.0 2.0 1 13 61,1 73.0 2.1 1.7 1 14 40,8 4'!. 4 2.2 .8 1 15 22.7 20.7 .4 16 19. .4 9.6 .1 .2 17 8.3 5.3 .1 18 6.4 2.7 19 3.5 1.2 20 1.7 .1 ! 21 j .6 0 ' 22 j .6 .2 i i i Total } 987.6 1,215.8 ; 73.2 57.8 per centJ£/ .1 1.2 1.5 1.9 5.6 5.7 9.1 8.9 9.1 9.0 5.4 2.6 3.6 2.1 1.0 .6 .4 67.8 .2 .3 .6 1.1 1.4 3.0 2.6 3.3 3.2 3.8 2.2 1.1 .1 A .2 .1 .2 23.8 0.8 2.6 6.1 6.1 6.8 8,7 9.2 8,7 8.3 8.6 9.2 7.9 6.3 4.2 2.2 2.0 .9 .6 • V .2 .1 .1 100.0 0.8 3,3 7,2 6.8 8.2 10.1 9.5 9.^ 8.7 7.9 8.3 7.3 5.9 3.6 1.0 .8 rt .2 .1 100.0 a/ Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston and eight minor markets. b/ Arbitrary numbering of first week of season' s sales as "week 1" and succeedine weeks as "2," "3» "4;i etc, ' c/ Sales in all containers (i.e., equivalent crates) for each week divided by season sales in all containers. i Source of data: Based on data from California Federal-State IvJarket News Service, "Plums: Weighted Average Prices Received at Eastern Auction Markets, " annual summary reports (mimeographed). ' rift •A .. » .5 Hrtf" -■*..-( J !'.'! * ■'*» . ■ * r I' t . ; ... i - ., ,.' I > — . • .. . ' ■ Jl^ ,. •if3' . ' ..VJi ' .' TABLE 15 California Plums; 32. New York Auction Sales and Prices, by V/eek and Variety, Five-Year Averages, 19g0-19v A** r P i " • ' - 8*8 i ( t ■■ ■ \'i'i< '.: V I I * ■-- -**" 'f ■■ . 4 . 4.. n r- ■ < - . s-. . .ii.8 . V V 1' • ■- X. ■■■■ .1 TABLE 16 33, California Plums: Weekly New York Auction Sales, by Varietal Groups,^ Five-Year Averages, 1920-1924, 1930-1934 and 1040-1944 Week of season^/ { varieties Midseason var leties ■J— ■ ' Late va-ript,-ip=! -L» 1 - • ■ -it , ! ! v.. 1 < I * i- .< - 1 < ; .- " ! ■' ■r' '' < }'■'■'■ * if' r. ■ *, • 1 - ■. ' ' ' '' '' ' ■ ■'' ; ' 1 i >< •• i f ; f i.' , it .U-3 i * 1 i. £ i* ; ' ; : »'■ ■■ ; ? . i 1 i 'i >■ '." i , ? f i i t . f. . > ( 1 i I 1 t I ■H-*M^ r*.* 1 ■ V %V ,S fi b^ilfj £■> ;• • lilBLE 17 California Plums: llevr York-Chiaaso Auction Prices, V by Varietal Groups, Vl922-1948 Season Early- Midseason Late Minor f< 1 1 varieties varieties varieties varieties varieties 1 2 3 4 5 6 dollars per standard crate 1922 .1,55 1,51 1.47 .1,40 i,oi 1923 1.59 1,30 1,52 .1,54 .1,44 1924 1,92 1.97 .2,10 1,81 S.ati'd 1925 1.84 1.78 .1,60 J. , xO 1 TX Xt 1 o 1926 .1,41 1,45 .1.49 .1.46 1927 .1,70 1,83 1,96 1,63 1.81 1928 .1,66 .1,86 .1,58 •i.DY 1929 2,20 .2,61 2,41 2,05 .2,37 1930 .1,61 1.36 1.38 1,37 1.44 1931 1.21 1.5? .1,46 -1,35 1932 ,1,15 .1,30 1.32 1,53 X.2o 1933 1,38 .1,20 1,43 1,31 ■l.o2 1934 .1,34 1,37 .1, 6 1,47 ..i.OO 1935 1,72 .1.38 i.DO 1,65 ■ 1,00 1936 .1,28 .1,36 1,54 .l.OO 1937 , 1,74 1.77 .1,52 1,67 X ,D y 1938 1,52 .1.23 1,28 .1,40 1,34 1939 1,53 1,44 1,59 1,32 .1,50 1940 1,82 1,40 1,55 1.48 1,58 1941 1,78 1.70 1,71 1.91 1.74 1942 2,58 2,55 .2,36 .2.49 2,51 1943 3,85 4.36 4,56 4,66 4,21 1944 5.23 .2,46 2,48 2,66 2,68 1945 3,42 3,39 3,45 3,24 3,40 1946 3,60 2,93 2.35 2,93 3,05 1947 4.11 3,42 3.30 5,49 3,65 1948 .4,71 2.94 2,83 3,03 .3,49 &/ Weighted average of season auction prices at ITev/ Yorl: and Chicago, b/ Early varieties include Beauty, Santa Rosa, Climax, and Forraosa, Mids.e&son varieties include Tragedy, Hicks on, Bux-banlc, Gaviota, Duarte, Sugar, and Diamond, Late varieties include Kelsey, President, Grand Duke, Giant, and Gros-Kimgarian, Minor varieties include all others. Source of data: Ne\7 York data from typevrritten sumnaries prepared by Fruit and Vege- table Br,, P.H.A, (from tabulation furnished by S Shear .for 1922-1936 and from the New York Daily Fruit Heporter, "Detailed Deciduous Report" for 1937-1948.). Chicago data from tabulations furnished by S, I!, Shear for 1922-1934 and from California Market Hews Service, "Plums: Weighted Average Prices at Eastern Auction Markets, " annual summary reports (mimeo^ for 1935-1948, .if - ■ - ■ -A- j J ■ • j. ■ ' •M- r •■;} . " y, 1- — — ^ — ? 1 j. • j' ! ' - •. i ■ ■ ■ • ** \ ■ -' ii m %■ .. ./ . V ■ 7 ' i » 1 . ■i .!...». Of { I - • » ■ - . \ > ; t " i - i ■ V ; « ■■ , ' * ■ ■ # ; f ' 1 I.' " • -■ L - f - i ■ ■ ■ ; ! , « . • 1 ^ V } '■■ t ':' \ ! • •'. % .'" i t -' \ j i . 1 ' 1 i I 5 ■ ' t ♦ ■ i I m - * 1 * ■■ , - * -! ■•' » •■ ! ! • 1 ] IS%S V V; S ■ ■ '1* I ■ > 1 i i: r it 1 ''■ si > ^1 ■u.. ■ I TABLE 18 California Plums: Nevr Yorlc-Chica-o Auction Sales by Varietal Grou;js,V 1922-1948 Season Early Mid sea son 1 Late Minor ! All varieties varieties 1 varieties i varieties 1 varieties 1 2 o 1 4 1 5 6 UOOO equivalent crates?-./ 1922 289,1 1 409i2 278,6 i 32,3 li.009,3 1923 412.1 605,9 342*6 55.7 1^416.3 1924 244,7 302,2 220.7 34-*7 802.3 1925 380,6 430,5 .SI Q- R OX • • . « . ^ ram %- ! *«- - •■ • ■ ■ • ' .1 ■■ ■■■ - . • • • .V - — • »•* - * * i ** • i * ■■ '.' * '-5 I r zt • ■ f C. . .^i s f r '■ ■A p J » ' i *^ > -L. *• MMK"*!'! r-^j^jjw*-*: v■'■^^;*tv«^-^^fw.s^<.•^- '•Jit -Cr; ■■: ■■••1: ?v •; . . :. . . . .• \ .A s.'; TABLE 20 California Plums: Minimum Sizes V Permitted Under Federal Harketing Agreement, 1S36-1949 Variety- Beauty Santa Ptosa Late Santa ilosa Formosa Climax 1936 10^^ 5x6 50^0 5x5 4x5 4x5 1937 5x5 25^ 5x5 4x5 4x5 1939 5x5 25^ 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 I 1940 ! 5x5 25?^ 5x5 4x5 15% 4x5 1941 5x5 25/j 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 1942 5x5 40::: 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 1945 5x5 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 1946 5x5 33^ 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 1947\ 5x5 255^ 5x5 5x5 67% 4x5 4x5 1948fi/ 5x5 5x5 5x5 4x5 4x5 1 1949 ! 5x5 ZQf% 5x5 20^i 5x5 4x5 4x5 Tragedy Late Tragedy ITickson Burbank Gaviota Duarte Late Duarte Sugar Diamond 5x6 2b% 4x5 4x5 4x5 5x5 10?J 5x6 5x5 20^? 6x6 4x5 10^ 5x5 4x5 5x5 50^ 5x6 5x5 5x6 25^ 4x5 4x5 4x5 5x5 2 5/0 5x6 5x5 5x6 25^;$ 4x5 4x5 4x5 20% 5x6 5x5 10^.^ 6x6 10?^ 4x5 4x5 4x5 20?: 5x6 67% 5x5 6x6 20^^ 4x5 4x5 4x5 50% 5x6 5x5 6x6 4x5 4x5 4x5 5x6 25,^^ 6x6 20f^ 4x5 4x5 ^ 4x5 50% 5x5 25^ 5x6 5x5 15^:^ 6:c6- 15^ 6x6 4x5 4x5 4x5 5x5 5x5 25Jj 5x6 5x5 j 6x5 i 5x5 4x5 4x5 4:c5 5x5 (5x5) 25^ 5x6 5x5 5x6- 5x6 10^ 4x5 4::5 67?^ 4x5 20/0 5x5 20f^ 5x5 25^ 5x6 5x5 Kelsey President Grand Duke Giant Gros-Eungarian 25^ 4x5 5x5 25,i 5x5 50^-0 5x5 4x5 5x5 5x5 5x5 25>a 4x5 5x5 5x5 5x5 4x4 10'^? 5x5 5x5 4x5 5x5 5x5 5x5 5x5 40% 5x5 407^ 5x5 5x5 50^ 5x5 CO/0 yrXO 50:;b 5x5 5x5 bO/o 4x5 50^^ 5x5 505= 5x5 5x5 (4x5) (5x5) (5x5) (5x5) 10^ 4x5 10^^ 5x5 5x5 5x5 Becky Smith Eldorado Sharkey Ace \Q>% 5x5 4x5 . 4x5 20^^ 5x5 10^ 5x5 4x5 20% 5x5 lor^ 5x5 10% 4x5 4x5 20% 5x5 25^2 5x5 4x5 5x5 5x5 4x5 25:^ 5x5 10% 5x5 4x5 i 4x5 25/0 52c5 4;:5 50^ 4x5 4x5 5x5 4x5 20?i 4x5 10?^ 5x5 4X5 50%o 4x5 (continued on next page.) I a"' ■ . ". ;.-| ■ • ■ • '- '"■■*■ i ' ^ -^ ■ ■■■ . 1 t.'J^. •'• •1C.•, , .T- v--- S j 1 ■J \ ! . .'. -^ ■ •• ■ : ; ^ ■ •/»■;;„•: i Table 20 continued a/ The minima shovm are those relating to the bulk of shipments of each variety. Tne major chances nay be indicated by the follov.-nc comments. Size regulations r/ere lorrer (i.e., su.bseouently raised to figures shovm) early in the season for TJickson in 1936 and for Santa Rosa and Ti'agedy in 1937, They vrere higher (initiall-r) for r,anta Rosa c5 under Duarte b/ Fi-ures in parentheses are recommendations made for approval of U. 3. Department of Agriculture at tipe all orders vrere ended (August 8, 19 X X Li* ■^W' ^m--. 15 179 273 289 51 ! 787 0 Prune s , f r e s hSJ 102 358 91 551 72 Strav/berries , 482 289 22 3 0 0 1 797 1,236 Cantaloupes^/ 345 347 1,284 1,676 779 853 590 5,675 1,374 ITa t e vmB Ions 4 41 614 1,135 403 20 2,216 130 Peaches 15 7G 783 1,450 784 152 22 3,242 1,632 Pears 573 84 26 273 554 565 1,051 3,106 512 Grapes 407 124 27 1 8 553 980 5,649 7,897 274 1,898 359 227 64 94 242 1,558 4,445 4,673 7,398 1,915 1,499 1,084 1,048 1,007 4,450 18,400 3 KJ 47 99 51 ' ■ ' i . ... .... ■ ' ... i 1 t- e- - : ... ; . ■ ■ s i . i ; i c ' 1 V ! ■* • - ■ "tf. '• ' . 5 • ,: ^ i i J.- ^ TABLE 24 California Plums and Northwest Fresh Prunes: Weekly Car lot Shipments Flve-Year Averages, 1935-1944 Washington- ; Week Total California i Dlums Oresron prunes . Idahc ) prunes ending 1935- 1940- 1930- 1935- 1940- 1935- 1940- ; 1935- 1940- (1946) 1939 1944 1934 1939 1944 1939 1944 ; 1939 1944 1 2 3 4 5 6 . 7 8 9 ! 10 car3.otsS/ my 11 18 28 25 5 3 80 5 3 June I 69 54 222 69 54 8 152 211 309 152 211 15 262 317 480 262 317 22 404 416 451 404 416 29 374 492 494 374 492 July 6 360 396 437 360 396 13 395 363 409 395 363 20 380 384 350 377 381 3 3 27 309 338 283 306 329 3 8 1 August 3 249 312 221 244 297 5 15 10 270 399 163 216 294 54 104 1 17 382 392 116 175 223 2C6 169 L 24 492 512 87 98 149 389 356 5 7 31 433 604 44 41 86 336 435 5( i 83 I September 7 321 664 22 15 49 135 337 17. 278 14 423 665 8 9 24 50 202 364 439 21 361 413 5 9 17 34 78 318 318 28 : 140 218 1 4 7 28 49 108 162 October 5 34 55 0 4 2 15 24 15 29 12 i 10 10 0 2 1 7 8 I 1 19 I 3 3 ° 1 3 2 26 1 1 November 2 i I 1 i j Total 1 5,828 7.223 , 4,211 3.521 ' 4,113 1,268 1.791 1,03 1.319 1 Per cent of season total shipped during three-week periods ending with duties shown May 18 i 1 i .7 0 i 0 Jiane 8 i 3.9 i 3.7 j 14.5 6.4 1 6.5 t June 29 i 17.8 : 17.0 j 33.9 29.5 29.8 July 20 i 19.5 i 15.9 i 28.4 32,2 1 27.7 i .2 .2 August 10 1 14.2 j 14.5 1 15.8 21.8 22.41 4.9 7.1 .2 August 31 ! 22,4 ' 20.9 5.9 8.9 1 11.1 73,4 53,6 6. 0 6.8 September 21 ! 19.0 ; 24.1 i .8 .9 1 2.2 17.3 34.4 82. 1 78.5 October 12 ; 3.1 i 3.9 .3 i .2 4,0 4.5 11. 9 14.5 November 2 ! .1 i I 1 .1 I ,2 ; .2 i a/ California interstate shipments only; Horthwest interstate plus intrastate ship- ments. Includes shipments for relief and for processing in the Northwest. Source of data: Federal-State Markat News Service, "Interstate Shipments of California Deciduous Tree Fruits," (columns 3-5); U. S. Bureau of Agriculttiral ^ ^ Economics, "Weekly Summary of Cai>lot Shipments," (columns 6-9). TABLE 25 Northwest Prunes: Production and Utilization, 1919-1948 (short Tons, Fresh Weight Basis) five-year averasres 1919- 1924- 1929- .1934- 1939- : 1944- .JLtilizatinn 1923 1928 1933 1938 1943 1948 U— J 2 3 4 5 6 7 a/ Canned^/ Oreston 1,940 4,620 8,800 18,000 22, 500 19,780 Dried 58,560 57,000 83,040 64,540 34,500 13,440 Frozen 0 0 0 0 2,620 4,640 Other processed Sold fresh 8,000^/ 0 ii,ooo£/ 0 16,260 0 16,480 260 17,220 1,480 18,740 Total sales Fana use 68,500 / 1,260^/ 72,620 1,620^/ 108,100 2,000 99,020 2,020 77,100 2,260 58,080 2,560 Of no value 0 0 8,320 7,920 8,820 6,720 Total production 69.760 74,240 118.420 108.960 88.180 67.360 Canned^'^ Washington 860 1,580 2,720 4,520 6,210 i 8,630 Dried 13,460 13,120 14,480 8,500 2,200 610 Frozen 0 0 0 0 390 740 Other processed Sold fresh 5,400£/ 9,000^ 13,640 120 12,760 260 11,720 300 12,280 Total sales 19,720 / 23,700 30,840 25,900 20,780 22,560 Farm use 1,460^/ 1,720^^/ 1,980 2,360 2,100 1,820 Of no value 0 0 2,440 2,340 1,200 220 , Total production 21.180 25.420 35.260 30.600 24.080 24.600 Idaho Canned 0 0 0 0 160 780 Other Drocessed - 18,20OS/ 0 0 0 120 Sold fresh 15,1002/ 19,160 14,220 16,700 24,260 Total sales 18,200 / 760-2/ 16,100 19,160 14,220 16,860 25,160 Farm use 740^ 660 920 840 840 Of no value 600 1,000 100 700 340 ■■ Total production / 1 Canned^/ 1 18,960 17.440 20.820 15.240 18.400 26.340 three-state total , 2,800 6,200 11,520 22,520 28,870 29,190 Dried 72,020 70,120 97,520 73,040 36,700 14,050 • Frozen 1 0 0 0 0 3,010 5,380 ' Other processed ' 31,600^/1 36,100^/ 120 520 1,900 1 Sold fresh 49,060 43,460 45,640 55,280 Total sales 1 Farm use ' 106,420 /1 112,420 . ' 3,-180^1 4,080^/ , 158,100 : 4,640 139,140 5,300 114,740 5,200 1 05,800 5,220 1 Of no value i 0 600 1 11,760 10,360 10,720 7,280 i Total production i 109.900 117 , 100 ■ 174.500 154.800 130.660 1 18.300 a/ Includes small quantities frozen in some years prior to 1941, b/ Estimated breakdown of "fresh use" between fresh sales and farm use. Source of data: U, S. Department of Agriculture, Crop Reporting Board publications as follows: 1919-1928 — "Crop Production, Annual Summary," December, 1939 supplemented by "Agricultural Statistics, 1940," (p. 259). 1929-1938— "Plums and Prunes: Revised Estimates of Production, 1909-1941, " September, 1943, 1939-1946— "Fruits~13 Noncitrus: Production and Utilization, 1934-1946," Production, Annual Svimmary," December, 1949, s - - • . •. ■ ^ 1 V ■ t : ■ ■ • ■'- ■ • 4 xe»,-*p Ht .1- ^, '' ■ ■ • ■; * ■■ » T ■ -■ ■ s ■- TABLE 26 hh. California Deciduous Tree Fruits: Interstate Carlot Shipments,-/ 1928-1948 i 1 Total iotal I ■ i i seven six Cher- Apri- i riec mar- Yptp.v fruits Plums iruiT/S j ries cots Pears iPcaches ines A)Dples ! 2 4 .J c O c o 7 8 Q 13 ] 0 Averages: 1929-1933 193'a.-1938i^j 16,865 12,576 0 ,ybi Id y yu-x IVO 1 ol 7 331 5,056^/; 2,955 0 , 57d 9,000 (00 '■xbb l,oll iclb / ol 1939-1943 , 12,109 o,o4y 4,106 i 2,217 535 1944-1948 ■ 15,655 A O O O ll,27r7 o 278 September 935 oa 8yb 749 67 1 79 October 223 5 186 7 25 XT T_ November ard 3atBr 116 llD 4,889-' Q y Totals/ 12,409 0,576 o,boo 700 4bb 1,811 (ClO ( ol Avez'age 3939-1943 443 73 OIV OOO oo June 2,222 1 1,45/ (OO oao 33 OO ou O July 4,793 ' 1 , oo 1 o ,