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 CATALOGUE 
 
 BIBLICAL MANUSCRIPTS.
 
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 A CATALOGUE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ^Btff topic 
 BIBLICAL MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 IN THE 
 
 ROYAL LIBRARY OF PARIS, 
 
 AND IN THE 
 
 LIBRARY OF THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY; 
 
 ALSO 
 
 SOME ACCOUNT OF THOSE IN THE VATICAN LIBRARY AT ROME. 
 
 WITH 
 
 REMARKS AND EXTRACTS. 
 
 TO WHICH ABE ADDED, 
 
 SPECIMENS OF VERSIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT 
 
 INTO THE 
 
 ittooertt Eanguages of &&800tma: 
 
 AND A 
 
 GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF A CHAPTER 
 
 IN THE 
 
 amiKinr Dialect: 
 
 WITH FACSIMILES OF AN ETHIOPIC AND AN AMHARIC MANUSCRIPT. 
 
 BY THOMAS PELL PLATT, B.A. 
 
 FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 LONDON: 
 PRINTED BY RICHARD WATTS. 
 
 SOLD BY TREUTTEL, WURTZ, AND CO.; KINUSBURY, PARBURY, AND ALLEN; OGLE, DUNCAN. AND CO. 
 IIATCITARO AND SON; AND SEELEY AND SON: DEIGHTON AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE; 
 AND WAUGH AND INNES. EDINBURGH. 
 
 MDCCC XXIII.
 
 ON 
 
 ETHIOPIC MANUSCRIPTS, 
 
 &c. 
 
 THOSE various inflexions of a common original language, known by 
 the appellation of the Semitic Dialects, have afforded most valuable 
 materials for the purposes of Biblical criticism. Whether they be all 
 derived, immediately or remotely, from the Hebrew, has been matter of 
 controversy; that they all bear a near affinity to it, is certain. The 
 resources that they thus present have been applied with singular ability 
 and success to the elucidation of the Hebrew Text ; and the wonderful 
 collection of their remains, to which the works of Walton and Castell have 
 given access, is no less an honourable memorial of its compilers, than 
 a rich field for the exertion of living genius. Of these dialects, the 
 Ethiopic is, in some respects, the farthest removed from the primitive 
 stock. The form of its characters, the direction in which they are written 
 (from right to left), and the syllabic power which each of them possesses, 
 are circumstances of themselves sufficient to give it a distinctive peculiarity. 
 Its derivation from the parent stock is thus traced by Schultens : 
 " Dialecti linguae Hebraeae sunt tres principes prajcipuae, vel compen- 
 diosius, duae; Aramaea et Arabica. Sub Aramaea duo rami, Chaldaica el 
 Syriaca dialectus, quae ambae passae sunt magna damna et non nisi in reli- 
 quiis ad manus nostras pervenerunt. Alter ramus multo copiosissimus et 
 ditissimus, quique etiamnum pristina puritate viget et viret, est dialectus 
 Arabuni. Sic ergo quatuor existunt rami majores unius stirpis primaevae, 
 Hebraica nempe dialectus, Chaldaica, Syriaca, et Arabica. Hisce 
 tanquam minus principales a latere accedunt dialecti Samaritana et 
 ./Ethiopica : Samaritana quidem Hebraeo- Aramaea, iEthiopica etiam 
 
 B 
 
 2050310
 
 2 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 Hebraeo-Arabica ; harum non adspernandus quoque usus, quamvis quod 
 ad copiam et utilitatem praecedentibus multum cedant." l 
 
 The materials afforded for prosecuting the study of the Ethiopic 
 dialect have not, indeed, been very ample. The Psalter, with the Song 
 of Solomon, the Book of Ruth, four of the Minor Prophets, and the New 
 Testament, are the only parts of the Sacred Writings, and, in fact, the 
 only compositions of any importance, which have ever been printed in this 
 language. And the New Testament, published first at Rome in a 
 separate volume, and afterwards inserted in Walton's Polyglott, abounds 
 with typographical and other more serious errors. (See Ludolf's Historia 
 iEthiopica, Lib. III. c. 4. §7- and Comment, p. 297.) 
 
 The labours, however, of the truly learned and indefatigable Ludolf, 
 have developed the structure of the dialect, and given to its Grammar and 
 Vocabulary a clearness and consistency which could scarcely have been 
 anticipated. Nor did his researches stop at this point. The language with 
 which he was occupied, had, in process of ages, fallen into disuse in 
 Abyssinia, its former country, and was now the language only of books and 
 of learned men. Its place had been supplied by two principal dialects, the 
 Tigre and the Amharic; of which the former approached the nearest to its 
 original source, and the latter had departed from it into many deviations. 
 To the latter this laborious Scholar applied himself, encouraged by the aid 
 and presence of an Abyssinian, whom he had met with at Rome, and 
 whose confidence and gratitude he had by his kindness acquired ; and with- 
 out any written work, and with no other assistance than the imperfect 
 Vocabulary and rude attempts at explanation of his unlearned instructor, he 
 succeeded in completing an Amharic Grammar, accurate and comprehen- 
 sive, and a Lexicon of no inconsiderable extent. And as he appears to 
 have exhausted all the resources which he himself possessed, and very few 
 fresh ones have since been brought to light, the literature both of the Ethiopic 
 language and of its offspring the Amharic, remained for a long period in the 
 same state in which his last publications left it. — Attention was at length 
 
 (1) From the Prolegomena to an unedited work of Sclmltens, entitled " Strictune ad Origines 
 Hebraeas," some MS. copies of which were brought to this country, and sold by one of his 
 scholars, after his death. It is mentioned in the Preface to Parkhurst's Hebrew Lexicon. The 
 copy of which I have been permitted to make use, is in the possession of E. N. Thornton, Esq. 
 of Kennington.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. # 
 
 drawn to it again: it has been employed by Biblical Critics for the elucidation 
 of points connected with the cognate dialects ; and from our own country 
 some valuable and extremely curious pieces have been given to the world, 
 by the labours of the learned Dr. Laurence, Professor of Hebrew at 
 Oxford, and now Archbishop of Cashel. The talents of Professor Lee of 
 Cambridge have also been recently brought to bear upon this point; and 
 the results that may be expected from their application to it, tin- 
 experience afforded by the success of his past exertions will best indicate. 
 
 But while things were thus in progress, circumstances occurred that 
 opened a wider field than ever for the cultivation of this dialect ; and 
 opportunities have been offered, which the great Ludolf, in his anxious 
 wish to bring the work nearer to perfection, earnestly desired to see, but 
 never saw. The attention of the British and Foreign Bible Society has 
 been drawn to the scarcity of copies of the Scriptures in the Church of 
 Abyssinia, and means have been most unexpectedly and providentially put 
 into their hands for supplying this want. 
 
 Their first experiment was to send out an edition of the Psalter, printed 
 from Ludolfs corrected text. It was well received ; and a letter was 
 addressed on the occasion to Mr. Salt, British Consul at Cairo, by 
 Tecla Georgis, King of Abyssinia, expressing the gratitude of his people, 
 and containing some remarks upon the types and other details of the 
 work, an attention to which might render a future edition yet more 
 acceptable. A fac-simile of this letter, in the Ethiopic Language, may 
 be seen in the Appendix to the Sixteenth Report of the Bible Society. 
 W hile things were in this state, an acquisition was made by the same 
 Society, of the utmost importance, and most providentially seasonable. 
 It was no less than a version of the Entire Scriptures into tlie Amharic 
 Dialect, just completed at Cairo, by Abu Rumi, a native of Abyssinia, 
 under the superintendence of M. Asselin, French Consul in that city. 
 For various particulars relating to this work and its history, which it is 
 not necessary here to detail, the reader is referred to the very interesting 
 recent publication of the Rev. W. Jowett 2 , entitled ' Christian Researches 
 in the Mediterranean' (p. 197, &c.) Suffice it to say, that so far as it 
 has been examined by Professor Lee of Cambridge, and so far as my 
 
 (2) This gentleman negotiated in person_the purchase of the MS. It is at present deposited in 
 the House of the British and Foreign Bible Society.
 
 4 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 own attempts have enabled me to judge of it, it seems to agree with the 
 grammatical rules of Ludolf to a surprising degree of accuracy, and to 
 be, in general, a very faithful representation of the original text. A spe- 
 cimen of it is given below, in the Appendix. 
 
 So great a treasure being thus acquired, it was resolved that it should 
 not be unemployed.— The Four Gospels were considered the best speci- 
 mens of the work that could be printed, to try its reception and its 
 adaptation for general use. The types which had been formed by Ludolf 
 himself were procured from Germany, and various characters were 
 altered, under the direction of Professor Lee, to a nearer imitation of 
 Ethiopic calligraphy. The impression is at the present moment actually 
 in progress. 
 
 We are now brought more immediately to the subject of these 
 pages. It was judged on all accounts expedient to publish at the 
 same time with the Amharic work just mentioned, the same portion of 
 the Scriptures in the ancient Ethiopic. The text then of the New 
 Testament being, as it has been already observed, extremely faulty, the 
 first object was to search for some other more correct. The only MS. of 
 importance, or at least, easily accessible, in England, was one of the Gospel 
 of St. John, brought from India by the late Dr. Claudius Buchanan, and 
 deposited in the Public Library of the University of Cambridge. This 
 was collated: it was found to differ from the printed copy in almost 
 every verse; and its readings were far more conformable to the rules of 
 orthography and syntax, and to the idiom of the language, than those 
 of the edition in question. To obtain the same advantage for the other 
 Gospels, it seemed necessary to extend the research ; and the stores of 
 the Royal Library at Paris presented an obvious point of examination. 
 With this object in view, I proceeded to Paris in the spring of the 
 present year (1822), and met with every facility and accommodation that 
 I could desire in the prosecution of it. 
 
 Of the Ethiopic MSS. existing in this Library, Ludolf has given some 
 account in the Commentary on his Ethiopic History, and in his other 
 works ; and the same which he mentions remain there to this day. But 
 he adds, that there existed a valuable collection in the library of the 
 Chancellor Seguier (afterwards bequeathed to the Monastery of St 
 Germain des Pres), of which also he drew up a catalogue : but these he
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 5 
 
 was not allowed to consult, nor was he even permitted to retain a copy of 
 the list which he had himself compiled. At present, this collection has been 
 transferred to the Royal Library, and I was permitted, under more liberal 
 auspices, not only to inspect the catalogue, but to enter upon the most 
 free examination of the MSS, themselves. And I cannot but take this 
 opportunity of recording the kindness that I uniformly experienced from 
 M. Langles, Conservator of the Oriental MSS. in this establishment, 
 and the facilities which he afforded me in the course of my operations; 
 such facilities, indeed, as I should not have presumed to solicit, had 
 they not been voluntarily offered. For my introduction to this Gentleman 
 I was indebted to M. Kieffer, Professor of the Turkish language in the 
 College tie France, whose services in the encouragement of every literary 
 and of every benevolent enterprize, both by personal exertions and by 
 his influence upon others, are well known and duly appreciated by 
 numerous friends both in France and in England. 
 
 But to return to the Royal Library. — The following is a complete list, 
 so far as I have been able to discover, of all the Ethiopic MSS. existing 
 in this magnificent repository. 1 
 
 I. Entered in the printed Catalogue of the Royal Library. 
 
 t. Gospels of St. Matthew and of St. Mark (Ludolf.jComm. in Hist. 
 JSthiop. p. 299.) 
 
 II. " Tractatus dcDivinitate," &c. 
 in. "The Book of the Mysteries of Heaven and Earth," copied 
 by Wansleb. 
 
 iv. Au original MS. of the above work, which was once supposed to 
 contain the book called The Prophecy of Enoch. (Ludolf. Coram, in 
 Hist. Ethiop. p. 347.) 
 
 (1) Walton says, tliat a copy of the entire Old Testament, in Ethiopic, existed in France in his 
 time, and he was promised the use of it ; but it was unfortunately lost or concealed at the time 
 when he wanted it, so that he never had any benefit from the offer. Whether it has been since 
 recovered, or brought to light again, I know not. His words are, " Habuit doctissimus Gaulmi- 
 nus in Gallia universum Vet. Testamentum TEthiopicum, quod ope D. Bigo, viri undequaque doc- 
 tissimi, consecutus essem, nisi quod exemplar ipsum Serenissimae Reginae Suecorum commodatum 
 ct in ipsius Bibliotheca repositum, fortuito an fraude alicujus nescio amissum, haberi non poterat." 
 Prolegom. in Bibl. Polygl. Londin. Cap. XV. Sect. 10. n. 1.
 
 6 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 v. Letter of Adam Segued, King of Abyssinia. 
 
 vi. A MS. copy of the " Institutions Linguae Chaldaea? s. Ethiopicae" 
 of Marianus Yictorius. 
 
 vn. The Vocabulary of Gregory the Abyssinian (see Ludolf, Pref. iu 
 Lex. Amhar.), Ethiopic (or rather, Amharic) and Italian. 
 
 II. Referred to by Ludolf (Coram, p. 299) and entered in the Cata i.ogue 
 of MSS. transferred from the Library of Si. Germain des Pres, to 
 the Royal Library. 
 
 18. The Four Gospels. 
 
 19. Id. 
 
 103. The Gospels of St. Matthew, St. Mark, and St. Luke; with 
 Hymns, Lives of Saints, &c. (The leaves have been transposed in binding.) 
 212. The Epistles of St. Paul. 
 
 509. Id. 
 
 245. The General Epistles. 
 
 G58. Id with a Liturgy, &c. 
 
 659. Id with the Commencement of the Epistle 
 
 to the Hebrews. 
 
 [The above contain the whole of the New Testament, with the ex- 
 ception of the Apocalypse.] 
 
 512. The Book of Genesis. 
 230. Parts of the Books of Job and Daniel. 
 
 237, 238, 270, 517, 51S, 519, 671, contain each the Psalter; with 
 the Song of Solomon, and usual Hymns appended. 
 
 510. The Song of Solomon, with a Liturgical Service. 
 
 The above are all that contain portions of Scripture. The following are 
 also Ethiopic, and consist of Lives of Saints and Patriarchs, Accounts 
 of Miracles, Forms of Devotion, and other similar pieces ; viz. Nos. 213, 
 216, 258, 344, 345, 346, 347, 511, 511 bis, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 
 657, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667- 
 
 Before we proceed to any more particular remarks, it may be as 
 well to exhibit an account of the Collections in the Vatican, and in 
 the Library of the British and Foreign Bible Society.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 
 
 7 
 
 Of the Ethiopic MSS. in the Vatican, Ludolf gives alist(Comm. in Hist. 
 .Lthiop. p. '2D9), stating liis belief that all those which had existed in the 
 Abyssinian Convent at Home, had been since deposited in this collection. 
 He enumerates the following copies of the Scripture, or parts of it. 
 
 1 . The Pentateuch. 
 
 2. Joshua. 
 Judges. 
 Ruth. 
 
 5. I & II Samuel. 
 
 6. I 6c II Kings. 
 
 7. Isaiah. 
 
 8. Psalter, with the usual Hymns 
 
 o. 
 
 4. 
 
 appended. 
 
 9. The New Testament. 
 
 10. The Four Gospels. 
 
 1 1 . The Epistles of St. Paul and 
 St. Peter. 
 
 12. The Epistles of St. Peter, two 
 of St. John, that of St. Jude, and 
 that of St. Paul to the Hebrews. 
 
 13. The Apocalypse, with the 
 Office of the Virgin. 
 
 At the end of a copy of the work just cited (the " Commentarius in 
 Hist. ttth") in the Royal Library, a MS. note is added in Ludolf s own 
 hand-writing, under the title of " Miscellanea varia pro futura fortassis 
 editione;"' which note is as follows: — 
 
 " De libris iEthiopicis in hospitio Habessinorum Roma? repertis 
 sequentia ad me scripsit Heinricus Wilhelmus Ludolfus. 
 
 " FOLIO. 
 
 " 1. Octateuchus: nim. Quinque libri Mosis, libri Josuae, Judicum 
 et Ruth. In fine extat : ' Orate pro iis qui milii laborarunt in hoc 
 libro, et pro me Isaaco 1 qui eum vobis Hierosolymis degentibus 
 dedi.' Hunc torraim descripsi, p. 298. 
 
 "2. Quatuor libri Regum. Bene est compactus in corio rubro, et 
 Rex Amda-Tzion, cujus nomen regni Gebra-Meskel 2 , eum Hiero- 
 solymas misisse dicitur. 
 
 " 3. fhFgfl : Cui praemissa est Epistola Regis HCA ." PO^'fl '. 
 " Diversi quaterniones incompacti. 
 
 (1) " Iste Isaacus rex esse videtur qui hunc tomum Hierosolymam misit, ut Gregorius mihi 
 indicayit. (p. 298. § 6.)" 
 
 (2) " Is quoque ibidem nominator."
 
 8 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 " QUARTO. 
 
 " 1. Esaias. Post finera cap. lxvi. incipit alius liber vocatus C.1 
 'P '. A/l.E.Pft '. et postea quaedam Esdrae. x 
 
 " 2. Undecim Propheta? minores — Deest Hoseas. 
 
 "3. Tenuis liber quividetur Liturgia, incipit enim : ' Oratio quando 
 sacerdos induit vestimenta sacerdotalia.' 
 
 " 4, 5. Duo volumina. Unum in charta pergamena, et alterum in 
 charta communi ; quod hie Romae tempore Urbani VIII. transcriptum 
 dicitur; ' Organon Dinghil" mi hi videntur; posterius enim ita concludit: 
 
 -r*5. A*™ : nn p : frCDtt : : 
 
 " 6, 7- Duo hbri Precum. 
 
 " Diversae schedae multos characteres Amharicos continentes. 
 
 " Psalterium in majori octavo. 
 
 " In l2mo. Duo libri Precum, maximam partem ad B. Virginem 
 directarum. 
 
 " Alii ties libri in l2mo. ejusdem argumenti. 
 
 " In Bibliotheca Florentina tria MS ta . ./Ethiopica inveniuntur. 
 " l. In folio, volum en satis magnum, quod i*L4^fl '. existimo. Post 
 aliqua folia Canones Clementini ; deinde rubris Uteris scriptum erat 
 
 n^i: : iX^e-i^ : ax^S" : HrvK^u- : HX^KA-n/itC : H£ 
 
 KA- '. /Y'flCfi't JP"? ■ ■ Deinceps Concilium Caesariense; deinceps, ft 
 
 ^rt : w/vi*i : 7\rv : -p>ha. : trm^ : : Deinceps rt^h : nc 
 
 £•<£ : : Deinceps, ft,4*£h : IWifU! : ^"S/TOJP '. : In fine, < Trattato 
 contra quelli che negano la resurrettione' (ita scriptum erat) et, 
 ' Computus Temporum Abessinorum.' 
 
 " 2. In folio minori, Epistolae Paulina?. 
 
 "3. In 12mo. liber satis crassus, eleganti charactere exaratus : in 
 frontispicio libri aliquis scripserat, 'Preghiere incantatorie degli 
 Abessini.'" 
 
 (1) The MS. from which Dr. Laurence published his " Ascensio Isaiae Vati»,"seems to have had 
 exactly the same contents, and the " quaedam Esdrae" here mentioned, proved to be the fourth 
 Book attributed to that Prophet in the Vulgate, or the first, according to the Ethiopia Version.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. <J 
 
 In the Library of the British and Foreign Bible Society, the following 
 Ethiopic and other Abyssinian MSS. are deposited. 
 
 i. The Pentateuch and three following Books (the Octateuch). 
 ii. The Psalter, with the Song of Solomon, &c. 
 
 iii. Parts of the Gospel of St. Matthew and St. Luke. (St. Luke 
 is now complete, the parts deficient having been supplied by a copy taken 
 from the Parisian MS. No. 18.) 
 
 iv. Gospels of St. Matthew and St. Mark, 
 v. Gospel of St. John, 
 vi. Gospel of St. John, 
 vii. Gospel of St. John, 
 viii. The Apocalypse, 
 ix. Scripture Songs or Hymns, usually appended to the Psalter. 
 x. A Fragment, in Amharic. 
 
 xi. Devotional Pieces, called " The Hymns of Jared." 
 xii. The entire Scriptures, in Amharic. 
 
 xiii. The Gospels of St. Mark and St. John in Tigre', in English 
 characters. 
 
 xiv. The Gospel of St. Mark in Amharic, English character. 
 
 The Thirteenth Article comprehends two MSS. written by the late 
 Mr. Pearce, who translated the two Gospels there mentioned into the Tigre 
 dialect, with which he was familiar. To those acquainted with " Salt's 
 Travels in Abyssinia," the name of Mr. Pearce will be well known. 
 He had resided some years in a part of the country where the Tigre 
 was spoken, and, as a spoken language, understood it well; though 
 entirely unacquainted with the written character. He has, therefore, 
 expressed the sounds with which he was familiar in an English hand- 
 writing and orthography, and to the Ethiopic Scholar the effect is not a 
 little amusing. Instances frequently occur of as great deviations from 
 the correct form, as would be exhibited if we should represent the French 
 words ' 11 faut que,' by the combination ' Elfoker.' On examining, how- 
 ever, and representing in their proper characters, some portions of this 
 work, the resemblance between the Tigre and the ancient Ethiopic
 
 1Q ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 becomes most striking, and much nearer than could have been at all 
 expected. A specimen is given below, in the Appendix, and for another 
 of the same description we must again refer to Mr. Jowett's valuable 
 work (Christ. Res. p. 206). Mr. Pearce is unhappily now no more. He 
 died in Egypt, while preparing for his return to England. 
 
 No. xiv. contains the Gospel of St. Mark, written out in the same manner, 
 and by the same translator as the foregoing, in the Amharic dialect. With 
 the specimen of Tigre below, will be found two versions of the same 
 passage, in Amharic, one from this translation by Mr. Pearce, the other 
 from that of Abu Rumi. 
 
 I forbear to offer any remarks upon the grammatical structure of these 
 dialects, as such observations would be necessarily concise and imperfect 
 at present, and would afford little more assistance than may be obtained 
 from the works of Ludolf. 
 
 In returning from this digression and concluding the Catalogue of 
 MSS., it is proper to observe, that the greater part of those in the Bible 
 Society's Library were lately purchased at Paris, from a private source. 
 They were the property of an able Orientalist, M. Marcel, formerly 
 Director of the Royal Printing Office. 
 
 In the Royal Library, my attention was, of course, principally directed 
 to those MSS. which contained the Gospels or parts of them. It is not 
 the place here to enter into any extended investigation or collation of 
 their contents; which would be indeed only to anticipate what may be 
 much more easily and effectually accomplished, when the projected 
 edition shall have been completed. The only object proposed is, to 
 make a few remarks on the general state of the texts which these volumes 
 respectively exhibit, more especially as far as regards the identity or 
 difference of the versions which they represent, and to give some of the 
 notices occurring in them which indicate their dates, the possessors through 
 whose hands they have passed, or the purposes to which they have been 
 severally applied. 
 
 Ludolf states his opinion (Comm. p. 297) that there were two dif- 
 ferent Ethiopic Versions of the New Testament, and that copies taken 
 from such differing versions still exist. He observes, that instead of qo^l 
 " raaritus ejus," in St. Matthew i, 18, according to the printed text, we
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 1 [ 
 
 find in MS. No. i. of the Royal Library «£,rfi£y ; " sponsus ejus;" 
 and in one of the MSS. of St. Germain's gnj-; is erased, and <5.<*i£</: 
 substituted for it; being, as is probable, a more modern reading. Again, 
 that the words of Christ on the cross, " Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani ?" 
 are differently written in two of these same MSS. of St. Germain's ; one 
 of which represents the same reading- of them as is found also in the 
 MS. No. i. Such discrepancies ;is these, however, appear by no means 
 sufficiently marked to give just foundation for the opinion of two different 
 versions. Ludolf observed others also (Commen. p. 299), and many 
 certainly exist; but whether they are sufficient to lead us to this conclusion 
 appears to me yet questionable. 
 
 The MS. of St. Germain's, No. 18, seems to present the best readings; 
 and from other circumstances hereafter to be mentioned, appears to be 
 an authentic copy of the received text. From this copy, No. 19, which 
 is also ancient and bears marks of authenticity, differs, especially in 
 passages which present any little difficulty, and are not merely historical. 
 No. 103 is more modern, and agrees rather with the latter copy than 
 the former. The MS. of the Bible Society, No.iv, though written in 
 an extremely ill-formed character, and bearing no favourable marks 
 as to its origin, exhibits a very good text, and agrees very generally 
 with MS. St. Germain, No. 19. The same Society's MS. No.iii, though 
 a much fairer copy, written in a bold hand, in columns, folio, like those 
 of St. Germain's, is not equal in accuracy: the discrepancies, however, 
 which it presents from MS. St. Germain, No. 18, are not of great 
 importance. The state of the text in MS. No. i. of the Royal Library, 
 seems to have tended most to decide Ludolf's opinion respecting the 
 existence of two versions. He says (Coram, p. 299): " Evangelia Matthai 
 et Marci in Bibliotheca Regis Gallise extantia plurimum differunt ab 
 impresses, ut vix versus unus cum altero conveniat; nam paraphrasis magis 
 est quam versio." And an observation to the same effect is found also 
 in the Catalogue of MSS. prefixed to his Ethiopic Lexicon. It does 
 not, however, differ more, so far as the sense which its readings exhibit 
 is concerned, than No. 19. St. Germain from No. 18. What gives it 
 the appearance of a loose and paraphrastic translation is, that it contains 
 so many repetitious, continually representing the same phrase by two
 
 12 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 different expressions immediately succeeding each other: and when these 
 are not connected together by the requisite intermediate particles, of 
 com - se a great confusion is introduced. I collated part of the Gospel 
 of St. Matthew in this MS. with the Bible Society's MSS. No. iii. and 
 No.iv. ; and the observation of a very curious circumstance was the 
 result. The texts of these two latter MSS. vary; and I found that in 
 almost every instance where they give different readings of a phrase, 
 both those readings are inserted in the MS. of the Royal Library, even 
 when they only have different forms of the same verb. 
 
 Whether, then, these two copies represent two different versions, and 
 the MS. of the Royal Library be compounded of both, may be a question: 
 for it can scarcely be supposed that the Copyist had these two identical 
 MSS. under his eye, and has thus recorded what are simply the variations 
 of two particular copies. At the same time, such discrepancies are found 
 to exist between any two of the MSS. compared together, and between 
 those again and all the rest, that it will be extremely difficult to assign 
 which version (supposing there to be more than one) any particular copy 
 is designed to represent. For instance, No. ivand No. 18 agree so nearly 
 together, that they must certainly be considered as having the same text ; 
 and according to what we have been just observing, No. iii is supposed 
 to exhibit a different one; but when this same No. iii. came to be more 
 accurately compared with No. 18 in a different Gospel (that of St. Luke, 
 not contained in No. iv.), its differences were found to be not at all 
 material; and, though numerous, perhaps not more so than those cases 
 in which No. i, instead of combining the two supposed versions, gives 
 readings different from either. 
 
 But the question of the existence of two versions did not seem to me 
 precisely the point of greatest importance in the objects to which the 
 Bible Society are directing their views. My aim, in acting for them, was 
 to obtain a text, which, while derived from genuine Ethiopic MSS., and 
 therefore likely to prove acceptable to the people for whose use it was 
 destined, should, at the same time, approach as nearly as possible to 
 conformity with the sacred original. To the point in question, considered as 
 an inquiry of criticism, I paid no peculiar attention; and the researches that 
 1 made, were solely in pursuit of my own immediate object. The above
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 13 
 
 remarks, then, arise only from such collations as the course of that 
 pursuit led me to undertake. To investigate the subject fully would 
 require a more minute examination. Should the existence of two different 
 versions be satisfactorily disproved, the supposition of two different 
 standard editions, or " recensiones,'' to use Griesbach's term, might then 
 be resorted to; and the difficulty of classifying MSS., and discovering 
 to which of such " recensiones" they are to be referred, cannot be more 
 strongly exemplified than in the uncertainty which even the labours of 
 the great Critic, just mentioned, have left upon this very point with 
 respect to the Greek text of the New Testament. * 
 
 Without professing, then, to have entered with the requisite diligence 
 upon a subject which demands so much sound judgment and patient 
 perseverance, 1 shall merely attempt to confirm or illustrate what few 
 remarks I have already offered, by some examples. 
 
 The difference between No. 18 and No. 19, I have found more fully 
 exemplified in the introduction to the Gospel of St. Luke, than in any other 
 passage. 
 
 St. Luke i. 1—4. in No. 18. 
 
 Xft 00 : -aw-Vi : 7\ a : A-5I+ : (Dm?- : ^7n<, : (D^«J"U<, : fLVs-r : i-n 
 c. : H7\g°f. : rv\0 t\,i : tva 00 : ^u^s : 7\/\ : T^^f : cxp-f- : (D-r & 
 7\5ip : n^ft-: :(Dd^o^: tvrt-i : 7\^&p :7\«F^li; : (DXm^* : nfr 
 fr.nn: ™*rt\(D* : : 'hK'iQ : t\n : uh/h : -fcp^A : a^h, : w™ : 
 fh^c : w* : ntt-t : iir-ft- : iea : nc. : "i-wcr : m^uen : : 
 
 (1) He concludes his enumeration of the different classes of MSS. and versions in these words: 
 (Proleg. § hi. p. 86. ed. 1796.) 
 
 " Praeter codices unam ex illis recensionibus vetustis exhibentes, extant nonnulli quorum textus 
 e duarum triumve recensionum lectionibus conflatus est ; e quo genere sunt fragmenta codicum 
 PQT, mox cum Alexandrinis, mox cum occidentalibus consonantium. Ad banc classem 
 possent etiam referri forsitan quos supra vel Alexandrinis, vel occidentalibus a parte potiori 
 accensuimus, codices 1. 13, &c. cum versionibus yEthiopica, Armenica, Sahidica, Syra Hiero- 
 solymitana et Philoxenianae margine. In his omnibus Alexandrina: lectiones admistse sunt 
 occidentalibus et vicissim. Sunt vero etiam codices nonnulli in quibus Constantinopolitana; 
 quidem lectiones, si universam textus conformationem spectes, regnant, adspersis tamen pluribus 
 paucioribusve lectionibus sive Alexandrinis sive occidentalibus, quo pertinent codices e grega- 
 riorum nuinero eximendi, non eadem omnes auctoritate pollentes : K. M. 10, 11, &c."
 
 14 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 The same passage in No. 19. 
 
 Xfttf" : -nH^S : A a : A-SI+ : „EO>"Pk: (DgXthfr : £S7<, : (Djz7n<, : 
 (Dgqvuc : nA^t : 7-nc : haw : nAO a? : nx^t : r?c : H"?rh* : 
 mp$?u- : ATI™ : Agg-ui : (D^u^s :A a : 4>£ao^ : (D<of. : a«j°$ 
 R-V* : c AP-f- : jzcar : Yt- A- : Hns : (DgTr(\ AYijd : n^ 5 A : ^}£ ; a, 
 f £ : (D&'pR'rr : hi : a^ajd : *ion : a^t"?^ : Ah™ : ? ncYt- : A 
 5 : aih : A+ a : nn : ^^Aar : (DXm^* : cwgtps : Yi 011 : A/Trh 
 3. : ATI : A^2 kti : -fejD^A, : aa-sh. : yi 00 : FA^c : 'PR^ : nAlf : 
 yy- a : ie a : 57C : T-q«uCT : h™ucyi : h h™ft : : 
 
 In the latter reading of the passage, there is much of that repetition 
 which has been described as existing in No. i. 
 
 The same passage, from the printed text in Walton's Polyglott. 
 
 Aft OT : -ni+1,1 : aa : o>mk : £T7<. : (dz™uc : nA"s+ : 7-nc : h 
 a«3°f. : nAO as : = : nYi*™ : ^ikj : "a a : q>&fo-i : car-?- : cd-i- aa 
 Yip : n? 5 a : = : (Ddt-^i : a/T£ : A^ Ap : A«3°^f -t : (D^r<i> : YY- a- : 
 nn : o^acd* : A/f/h^. : ayi : uich : -tp*LA : = : yi™ : FA9"c : 
 f*R<f> : nA"?^ : YY- a : •$£ a : nc. : tt qouci* : hi^ucyi : = : 
 
 I proposed next to compare a passage from No. 18, with the same as 
 represented in No. iv. ; but, on examination, I found that there was 
 absolutely not the smallest discrepance, except in the orthography of one 
 or two words. This circumstance sufficiently proves the similarity between 
 the texts of these two MSS., and the specimen is therefore omitted. — The 
 next is a passage from No. iv, compared with the same from No. 19. 
 
 Matt. v. 13, 14, 15, in No. iv. 
 
 ^•j.^ao- : arA-fc : /*,ar : Aq^c : (DA^n : ^ar : Ahrh : nW-T-j. : 
 A'syi : .E^fi^p : A APYi, : H^n^O : AlYi : HAlnA : H.E7.E^p : 
 A^A : (DJEYl.E£ : rvOA : : t&t™*- : or A* : -ncvf. : a^aqo : A.T- 
 yia : U7C : -t-s-nA : tt-t- : -WiAt- : ^aoa-t : £-nc : (DKP-i'v 
 (jt : aq-j-i-r : yi™ : .EY1.E *?¥ : Frh-i* : yi^lc : aa : yi™ : jpf-ncT : 
 j^n : t- 5>T«q : (D^ncu : ayy a : Harfi-r : n,^ : :
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 15 
 
 The same passage from No. 1 9. 
 
 A'?^ iro - t a : arA+ : Aar : a«j«£-c : a) i\7\*™?i : Aar : Ahrh : rws 
 ^f. : .Eto^jD : A apti, : A*? 1 *! : ah : .En<£-0 : HA"?nA : hjott^. 
 p : A^. A : (D.KYi.EE-p : n-nA : nxinu **- : : a** ^t^ti, : a^A-fc : 
 •ncvk : ao7A«j° : (DA/P51A : -PYi-fli- : u?c : -i^-nA : Af -p : ivh"? 
 at- : m txO txt- : £-nc : t-i-nc : a) ajp-j^cd. : arfi-t^ : oq^-f-t- : n 
 00 : yl<\CT : q^QA : yi^i.esi.k-'st: F/srr : yi^c: ha^/iaiti 
 00 : .PTfiCT : j^n : "p*T«q : a>^ ncv : atf a : n-nA : aa : arh 
 t* : a^ : : 
 
 We still see something of the same character as in the former extract 
 from this MS.; but, in the present passage, there are some good readings; 
 better, indeed, than those corresponding to them in No. iv. 
 
 The MS. No. I. comes next under notice ; and some instances will be 
 given of the combinations which it exhibits of the readings of No. hi. and 
 No. iv. I have preserved only two or three such passages, and those are 
 taken all from the same chapter, but a great number might easily have 
 been collected. 
 
 Matt. xii. 5. y.cci dvccirioi eicri. 
 
 No. in. . . . (da^etioWo-ix^p:: 
 
 No. iv. . . . a) aap 00 * : ^m.A-f : : 
 
 No. i. . (DA.jB: c a(i>-r tro :'2^p:a)AAP t ro-:iim.A't':: 
 
 Polyglott Text. (DA.EYlOK'o^ ; ^p ; 
 
 Matt. xii. 7- ouz ccv Ka.Ts'bizu.a-u.Ti rov; di/cciriovg. 
 
 No. hi. X tra :A. t fMTft a »- , p^:AS£.p3:: 
 
 No. iv. ■A a D:A.^AA5igop)ao-:AAA:£A 1 -nrt':: 
 
 No. i. a™ : A.Yi°!'mqnp«TO- : [\ig?l : (D A OT : AJ^il 
 
 AViqu/DOTj- : /ya a : £ A-flr^ : : 
 
 Polyglott Text. A°o : A. t r>? r iloo-p ) ao- ; AfKJ>1 '. 
 
 (1) Leg. {F* ; It is curious that the same mistake should appear also ia the Polyglott Text.
 
 J(J ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 Matt. xii. 30. o yu\ uv p,ir \[m>v. 
 
 No. iii. . . . HVo^gufifU 7 : 
 No. i v . . . . ha.ua° : wia,p : 
 
 No. i. . . • HA.UA° t ft>:(DHA. , P?: , i D ilA,P: 
 Polyglott Text. HA."n$ \ g»frA,P [ 
 
 Iljid. 6 ^rj trvjuyuv. 
 No. iii. . . . H Kyftt-Wh \ 
 No.iv. . . . HA^EWlX: 
 
 No. i. . . . (dh^: KPht-Wh: cdha„e^vkia:: 
 
 Polyglott Text. (DHAJ£'K?nX ■" 
 
 A longer extract will shew more clearly the state of the text. 
 
 Matt. xii. 17—22. 
 No. iii. 
 
 n m : jelvs. kw> : h-miua : n AAEjPh : i a£ : a^h : .e-ha : 5*u- : 
 (DA£-p : Hidptt- : £<£cp : hid«jo^ : 5£hP : ahic : an^hp : 
 aoa,u- : a) Ttih, : A/tiTi-fl : .ehc : KPR^Q : cp ABAC'S : (da ap : 
 HE/i^p : na^fac-n^ : ^ a- : : -aco : 3"P<£m : A.£j*inc : (Di^u; 
 
 HESJT.E* : A.JEfll^.A : AiYQ : J27-HA : Q/t-fh '. A°^A : ©flrttro : 
 
 H.AU- : A/hH«n : Kt-A 00 ^ : : (da^ti : hq°xh- : a-+ : A, a : A31W- : 
 oar^S : (DArhPpro-: Aivn : /r«ni.oqi : je^[7<. : cd].E£,a.p. : : 
 
 No. iv. 
 
 wu : .E-fl^/h : H-t-nuA : nA^^^h : n\g : heii : : 5T> : a) a£-p : 
 Hicgrr : HAdL^c : Hiuq°^^ : s^hp : : cdauj.e'J : ^l^fiP : a 
 
 OA.U-: (DJ^a^UC 11 ^ : Qft-th \ AArfrH-fl : A"?H : A..EHC .* (DA..EeC 
 
 ** : a) AJ2 n«?«o : ™> j.^ : n^T- : ^ a- : : -nco : ^'p^m : A.£iu-nc : 
 (DUhOi : H^m^h : A._pm<s.A : Aivn: r»n : .E7-fiA : 3.^/h : •*«<£ 
 A-t : (DArhH-a : .e^tyia- : piY**** : : (da^ti : K^Kh- : mu- : h 
 3f? : ocd^ : a»?ro-au : (d<5.(dp : a>ar A-fc : oarc : cda: 00 ^ : a)n 
 vqoijnn^.-cDCAp^::
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 17 
 
 No i. 
 
 tQoo : jE-n>i/h : (dj^^a^ : H-wifh a : nA/i.e.Pft : sn.E : A"sh : 
 .e-ha : £u- : sy : o>a£-p : <i>*AGkP : rndprr : ha^.*c : htx.pi> : 
 ujijd^^ : ^^p : xiD^qo : cdahtc : ^^hP : aoau* : (D^^iu 
 c™- : <y.T-rh : AA/hH-n : (dytm*, : AArhH-fl : pnc : X"5H : a^k«j° 
 £ : (D A..pnc : (DAjeAO* : o> a ap : keiTO 1 ^ : ww. : n*:> : am 
 OT fr.c-n^ : s a : -nco : S"^^ : A^hnc : (Divos : H^m^h : (D 
 JE5£\£- : AjEm^ : AhTi : pn : jB7-nx : Qt-th : oo«eai: : a)nh 
 00 : h. au- : A/hH-n : .e^yti a : : (d"A9°ti : A^/fA- : a-* : mi> : 
 XA : A3T?^ : oar<M : a)^ 1 *™ 1 ^ : (dciv^h : awDP iro ' : (DA/hP 
 pro- : ;Aivn : /s-tro-oi^ : .gnuou- : ©.eW?^, : (Dg&'KP : ©arx+ : 
 arc : (Day? : i nv. : cdcxp^ : : 
 
 The same passage according to the printer] text of the Polyglott. 
 
 tl 00 : .E-fiA/h : (Dg*r<z m A*p* : h-t-ikja : nAAftPh : ins. : ^h : 
 .e-ha : :=: : £i> : a> a^p : h-s^eti- : 3/feCP : HUJ«j"d^ : *£fiP : : (D 
 XUJjeq : ahic : ^^hP: aoau- : (Dfrii: A/hTHi : ziicv.-. : 
 a^ee^O : (D ABAC'S : (D Aap : hei*i9 d <p : n^fac-n^ : ^a : :=: : 
 •ncu : H^i^m : A^ft-nc : o)jyo : h&r-r- : A.^m^.7\ : Aivn : 
 jE7-nx : 3^/h : a^ta. : :=: : (Dnri 00 : katiu- : A/hH-n : jz^A 
 *ro^ : :=: : cdx^th : h^Kh- : a°+ : X a : A^l- : oa>-<M : (DArhP 
 poo- : 7\hn : i?™-^ : .E^7<, : (D^do'AB : :=: : 
 
 If however the text of Ao. t, thus compounded of those exhibited in 
 No. iii and No. iv, be a combination of two different versions, No. iii 
 must represent one of these; and No. iv, as also No. 18, with which it 
 so generally agrees, the other. But on collating No. iii with No. IS, 
 which I had occasion to do through part of St. Luke's Gospel, I found 
 no such marked difference between them as tended to confirm this 
 opinion. The discrepancies were of little importance, and apparently 
 not such as could be accounted for on this supposition : for instance, 
 in Luke ii. 13 — 28, there are nine variations, but four of them arc 
 orthographical ; the rest consist in an addition of a word or so ; and 
 the most important is, the omission in No. 18 (generally the best text) of 
 
 D
 
 18 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 the words in verse 23, "as it is written in the Law of the Lord." The two 
 MSS. vary more in chapter viii. ver. 16, than in any other passage; or 
 at least there are not more than one or two verses where I have observed 
 so much difference. It is, therefore, presented as a specimen of the nature 
 of the variations. 
 
 St. Luke viii. 16. 
 No. hi. 
 
 (D a&p : up-** : ™M* f : (DgftR-Z : 3<pp : cdjp hi<^ : i-fa-p : vi& 
 * : HX?n/v : £n : -t-^Toq : ¥1°° : jecap : -ncv? : ~ki\ : p^hCD-: : 
 
 No. 18. 
 
 (da&p : Hprh* : aqftrf-T : yv™ : giiR-lv : TrfiT : n^c : : (DX 
 m : A"n : T/hT : o?£.T : HX^nrv : yiqd : .pfnep : £n : TSxpoq : 
 w?r\cu : ti'KK : jP3pft<D- : : 
 
 But it is time to leave a subject upon which it was merely proposed 
 to throw out some hints for the consideration of the Ethiopic Scholar. 
 On the whole, I entertain hopes that, by the aid of the MS. No. 18, a part 
 of which 1 have copied, together with those which the Bible Society itself 
 possesses, the projected edition of the Gospels may exhibit a tolerably 
 accurate and faithful text. 
 
 1 proceed to insert, as above proposed, some notices, extracted from two 
 of the MSS., respecting their dates, and similar particulars, as also some 
 extraneous pieces, appended or prefixed to them, which seem not entirely 
 without interest. 
 
 In the first leaf of No. 18, which is a fine folio MS., written on parch- 
 ment, we find the following inscription : 
 
 AY*>-tT ' : A-n : : cdcd&.R' : (D*™^,*, : 3>£,ft : : ow-ntt- : A* : njgd, : 
 0CA£* : ThW : (D&£ : a«j°£ : xtt : liw : [njh 00 : ao 'ii\^^p : 
 ^hiVJ/a^h : hit : (D33/V : <*>&n : : art : rfiYC.PT : H£-n<: : 
 
 (1) There is some appearance of a small portion of the leaf having been lost at the com- 
 mencement of the piece. Perhaps it was written flAli°"bl"I as I have found it elsewhere. 
 
 Any letters which were not quite distinct in the MS. and which I had doubts are inclosed in 
 brackets.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 19 
 
 <fc*rt$q*j °- : : X3H : xn["?]^ : rvn^Yi : w}£.(i : : -in : t"i-n A : or ft 
 -fc-fc : : odaU : to : (D?3.rt : : q°?ii\ : X 1 " 1 * : IXth^t- : K"iii\ : H^n 
 a : cw-rt : : 'Kiw : \mc : htvmf : n™ : .p^W : A OT : P4>ar 
 •3 d : Rgf : A 00 : .E£A(D* : "°f[\c : ay*-^ : : A 1111 : p A-fift : e A£* 
 <%£ : ah-i-aW : : © Ali^ 00 *** : "a^l- : cde-p*^ : : T\t\ : ^1*1, 
 •fid* : nau-H ^ : g'Vt' nn-t : a : :*13 : *^-h^: : ima : a) [7-] 
 ^ : cvcf-tv : Aft-1- : (Dh'AAl* : nm : o^il : (do^yo^ : : n™ '• ^ 
 Mua : A^h/n : : a^o a+ : ££ : M ww I : °?c an; i* : : (dav^ ot 
 p : Hyp; : (DH-t-cy? A- : ATI"?* : a)T2 a : : p: ft-S : ^a*- 00 : cdc* 00 : n 
 cpg-au : ^.q : ©a) apt : (D a « , k5.ft : *j?,i*i : : rnn : o? a«j° : (Dn^ A9° : 
 
 It may be literally translated thus : 
 
 " Praise to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost. I Saifa 
 Arad, King, Son of Amda Zion, King, by my name of royalty called 
 Constantine, have given this Sacred Gospel to the House of the Apostles, 
 which is on Mount Koskam: worshipping in humility of spirit, in the 
 place wherein the Lord of flesh and spirit was concealed with his 
 Mother, the pure Virgin without stain 3 ; adoring His power, that He may 
 save me, when He shall array His judgment, when He shall prepare 
 His throne for His decreeing justice, when He shall clothe in white 
 garments him that has believed on Him. And ye also, Priests and 
 Deacons, who sing praises with the Psalms of David in this sacred 
 place, remember me continually in every prayer and petition in the time 
 of incense and of oblation, that I may be able to escape from the day of 
 
 (2) This name is written elsewhere,' as in the extract immediately following, TriT™ . 
 Koskam. 
 
 (3) Respecting the concealment of Christ and the Virgin Mary at Koskam, it may be 
 observed, that in the Ethiopic calendar, we find the 2d November signalized by the 7*PT . 
 SlCfl-f-fl I ^A t J D rhr*l : A^hi 1 ? 11 1 : " The flight of Christ from Mehaa to Koskam 
 and Ludolf observes, that, in this latter place, the Holy Family were reported to have made a 
 long stay during their retirement in Egypt: and a monastery was built on the spot afterwards, in 
 commemoration of it. Probably this in Abyssinia derived its name from thence. It is frequently 
 mentioned by Bruce.
 
 20 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 retribution, from the terrible judgment. And if any one take away and 
 forcibly carry off this Gospel, let him be removed, and let him be 
 accursed before the Father, and the Son and the Holy Ghost, both 
 in this world and in the world to come, for ever and ever. Amen and 
 Amen." 
 
 Next follows in a different hand-writing: 
 
 nhoo : fifth : : $£/i : RiQ,i : £-<£4>-*nh : n<S>h $*¥> : thnci its 1 ] 
 3>riarh T : cdj^jp*^ : (D™ W«*i^ : IcDE-fc : h*™^ : av^c^r : [r\ 
 mi:] 7\^i*i : ^Cfi 3 : nn/i™ : mh. A-n^c : A^il : : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, We, Sons of Abyssinia, have 
 conjointly written this in Koskam, being 30 presbyters, deacons and 
 monks, in the 69th year of Grace: Macarius being our Superior, in 
 the peace of God. Amen." 
 
 As to the date of this document, " the 69th Year of Mercy, or 
 Grace," it must be observed, that the Ethiopic era of chronological 
 computation, is not very definitely fixed. In the " Computus Ecclesiae 
 iEthiopica?" in Ludolf s Commentary on his Ethiopic History, three dif- 
 ferent dates are given by the compiler to indicate the year in which it was 
 written. The two first are large numbers, 7107 and 6650, and are 
 computed from the Creation; a third is added, 207. of which Ludolf is 
 unable to give any account. Now this third appears to be on the same 
 system of reckoning as that in question ; and the same I have found to be 
 adopted also in every MS. that I examined, wherever any date was assigned. 
 If the number 267 represents the year 1607 of the common Christian 
 era, as Ludolf says it does (Comm. p. 3S5), 69 will then answer to 1409. 
 
 (1) The numerals indicating the number of persons, are partly obliterated; one of them, the 
 first, is that which stands for 30. 
 
 (2) The word Fl. uu 2 '. I do not understand. 
 
 (3) A^JBl*! ! seems from the context, in this and other places, to mean " the Head or 
 
 Superior of the Convent:" perhaps it is a corruption from the Arabic ir..>Jl (See Ludolf 
 Comm. p. 253.)
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 21 
 
 But according to the date at the end of the printed Ethiopia Testament, 
 the year 200 of the Abyssinian* represents 1548 of our era; according t<> 
 which computation, 69 would answer to A.D. 1417, instead of 1409. 
 This agrees with Bruce's account, who states, in his Abyssinian History 
 (Travels, Vol. II. p. 62), that the commencement of the era dates from 
 134S ; and consequently the year 200 answers to 1548, and 69 to 1417- 
 
 Now Saif Arad, who is stated above to have presented this MS. to 
 the Monastery, reigned, according to Brace, from 1342 to 1370; and 
 this clause, in which the date occurs, was certainly written after the 
 former, or deed of presentation, and possibly at as long an interval as 
 forty or fifty years; which supposition would make the computations agree. 
 
 A few lines follow, difficult to decipher, but apparently denouncing 
 punishment upon any one who should carry away the book; and on 
 the next page the work itself begins. It is introduced by the Epistle 
 of Eusebius to Cyprian, and his Tables of the Harmony of the Gospels. 
 This occupies ten pages, each ornamented with a painted border, of 
 different colours, in the margin. A title-page, which comes next, bears 
 the inscription -J,Q£, ; WCtt '. H^-fl<, I ACaO-fc I (D'il^ I which 
 seems to apply rather to the introductory piece that immediately follows, 
 than to the whole volume. It is not very easy r to translate these words 
 literally; but from the subject of the piece just mentioned, they appear 
 to signify generally " An Account of the Plan of the Composition (or, 
 of the Harmony) of the Four Gospels." The first word is written i,(\do '. 
 but as I have not found that any such word exists in the language, 
 and *f.Q£, '. seem so exactly to suit the sense of the passage, I have 
 made the alteration. 
 
 This page is ornamented with two figures of birds, with the title fffl ; 
 QrhCl "Sea-Ostrich;" and two of beasts, marked QfWVI the meaning 
 of which term is not obvious. Ludolf gives, in his Lexicon, only Qfl.£v ; 
 which he describes as the name given to a fabulous kind of birds. 
 
 Passing over some rude figures, which occupy the three next pages, 
 we find, before the commencement of St. Matthew, the same introduction 
 which is prefixed to the New Testament printed at Rome, and which 
 has just been referred to above. 
 
 It is written in the same hand-writing as the Gospels themselves,
 
 22 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 and in the same form, two columns on each page. We proceed to give a 
 copy of it. It will be seen that there are many variations between the 
 text of this piece as here exhibited, and that of the printed edition; but 
 they are of little consequence. A few of them will be found noted below. 
 
 ix* : wcut- : nxi-i* A-n^t- : ^a^ : hacqo* : cd%a t- : : A3 
 h : jzi*/v : C£-A/r : sia A* : i/hir*™- : aa^. :A"m : ar?2A : A 
 q°rhTC^^ : am a A/fc : xqn^-Avirno- : : a-?£. : HAarA-n : a) A/h 
 E, : HA/PCft : (dh ATCfi : dSrh : h.ai> : q°h a : p-rh^h : (Doq-fcp 
 rt::=:: 
 
 A7h£ : A"m : (DT2A1* : A"?H : KP-iwuh : YH14 : ACA^ ** : A A ; 
 hyiud : je^^e- : : a>T2Ai*i : hth&v. : Ath&v. : iti : i-Kftuz. : A 
 «j° ayi a : ©p A5i a^ : : j^X™- : ACQO-fc : -s-n^ : A a : A"*h£ : "of. : 
 
 X"?H : A^v^AR : (DAY* : nA^E, : «rovy| : [OA.]fl)«ro* ; HArh£ : (D 
 
 Kv. : t-oqYi<. : AA^nc : pit- : (daap : -iwui : °qAYiA*ro- : £X 
 «"* : Y1™ : hha-j^. : A^. : Jnn- : 0<.p : h-n^ii* : (dckp-t : hha 
 oq^ : th"?+ : "of : (D^n : AT* : Yi^m : AAA : a> A.™ j,^ ; ^oo \&qat 5 
 a) AY* : j*-***!- : hy>5 : H^mnM : A'Wic : f Ai- : : (DX^Yif- a- : /h 
 "q,^: (D/hTm^ : aaa : AR-itt 1 : (D^Eyy? : .p^wic 00 -: n-n 
 X : rwi<.u : nX1-r : HA/h£ : a) Ar/h^-tn : yi^-h : arX-fc : Aft™ ■ 
 A^Aft : n-nA : Y*? : amx'S'r : ^x^crt : (d^iyi^ ; m-n<: : 
 0^11- : H-t-n^A : (DnX^-r : H-i*<l>-nd : (DnXTi* : t?wA.u- : am 
 "Kft- : 0C7-t : (Dfittf : 9° a*a* : Aft 00 : uajd : .ey*^ : a>HYi™ : 
 ©un : aag-iii? : nq°A-T^ : (dhyi 00 : .eh, : aj^aayi- : nAA 
 i- : wcvt- : KP"^a)aq : a-haCT : fa°l : Ah™ : a>A£* : a/h-t-fc : 
 £<£c : (D-nrh-t- : act : hyioo-h : amA^-rn : H OT mi*H : Y*f : ^-n 
 di* : ^a^ : : (da- jh : -ha^-i- : acap : yi°° : ^t-^uc : nd : c^ 
 : ASui- 2 : : a)Pvh3h : auea : a)Yi/h : A*?H : je-ha : AqoAOA- : 
 Whwin : Afi-u- : <dzr : A"?h : Yicft-f-fiv : p-iar^ 00 - 3 : : ©A^n 
 a A^u- : arA* : A« : ©aq-tphi : hA9°ajeu-^ : AA 00 ? : : a>aqc 
 
 Variations in the printed Edition.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 23 
 
 <*>rt* : X"? h : UA(D : arrti* : °?-n/r : Ah-wi<J>-op : hcg-'K-r : ha 
 i> : "a 00 : £7nc : I n aD 'H : : ©a^a : non : nrh£,A : -rTid : (DX a 
 yi : A£q° : aaoa : : ©ay* : n ArhtaqXTft'l- : /svix^ro- : Htete 
 j.:AA:nfif'A:q i) ^c:a)nYY-A:afhc:n[ ]-fc 4 : n°o*<vt": ayy- 
 a : n-nx : X*?h : o^t ]^ 5 :uA(D-:j2^mii:'H"?-fc:XA I n:p- , J a :: 
 (daao : H\o-iv5. 6 : xq^HK-fh-^. : (da/v 00 ^ : a'sh : f^to : -j.e 
 a : A^Aft : YtyA/r : YY-a : (D^£-4JP. : X'PYY-a : : (Dr^n, : Koi : 
 yiod-h : ^ : aDxn^i'E : (D<™7A-n : x^mnn : yi^th : (dam : 
 n/hAq 11 : amq^y^ : h^th : aaa : npary^ : a>n vjeoq^ : y 
 {•n-njD : a>.p a«j°j. : a> Ar> : ha. jza)*^ : vqod : u,j^ 7 ; au^ao^ : 
 A"n : AOh<^ : (DA^ia A : r^-nx : (da.a«j°x^ : A a : a^utc : (da a 
 
 rhH-ll : (DA/tiTMl : (DAq°^C : (DAQ/hC : (DAAA£iV : (DAfY-A I 
 
 qjAq° : AX°°k : nHrhS : HX7H.X* : a.p A-fr : sica* a : °°c^ 9 : A 
 •nAiao/pp.nxi-r: ^•nd-t- : ^Ai- : h§>#/i3 : Acao-fc : (DS2A 
 
 I have attempted to give a translation of this piece, though some 
 passages in it are of dubious import. A few notes are subjoined, referred 
 to by figures, and the doubtful passages are indicated by inverted commas. 
 
 " A representation of the plan of the Harmony 1 of the Four Gospels. 2 
 Now two only of the Apostles wrote Gospels, and two of their followers; 3 
 one of Paul, and the other of Peter; and he who followed Peter ' made 
 use of the assistance of John and Matthew.' 
 
 " They wrote the Gospels then not seeking glory to themselves, but 
 according to what truth required. Now if one Gospel only had been 
 written, it would have sufficed, ' and does suffice' ; but those who wrote 
 them composed four : and they did not see each other, and were not 
 in one place when they wrote, and there was no consultation between 
 them : yet they spoke as with one mouth ' the same glorious things, 
 and what they had seen in truth.' And no enemy or unbeliever could 
 have done like this, that there should have been no discrepancy in so great 
 
 Variations in the printed Edition. 
 
 a^.**.: hao*^.: 8 o>aaa£a:(Da: ac
 
 24 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 a collection of writings. This saves them from all calumny or suspicion of 
 the enemy. And enlightened men esteem them much for what they have 
 written; and its contents are of this kind: That God became man; and 
 concerning the signs and wonders that He did; and how He was crucified, 
 and how He was buried ; and concerning His resurrection and ascension ; 
 and concerning His coming, that He must be the Judge; and how 
 He gave salvation in mercy; and how He said, ' I have not brought 
 another dispensation, to oppose the old law; how He alone was the only- 
 begotten and beloved Son. In this way, and concerning these things, it 
 is that so great a collection of writings has been composed. And Luke has 
 shewn us ' a correct account,' that we may be instructed in the confirmation 
 of the truth of the word. And John has settled all controversy, say- 
 ing, He descended from above and from His Father, ' while he shewed 
 to them the walk of Christ.' And he has also spoken more at length than 
 the others. And Matthew ' has instructed in the faith those who were 
 of the Jews.' And Mark also, when he was in Egypt, his disciples 
 besought him that he would do thus. And Luke again has ' given the 
 relation afresh,' 4 and carried it up to Adam. And it was not in a corner 
 that they hid their writings, but they spread their report in every land 
 and every sea, to all mankind, as proclaiming it with a trumpet; for it 
 was necessary that this should be read even to this day. And there is 
 no cause of stumbling, not to any man, in what is written; since the 
 might of God, that is all-powerful and far above all, has directed it 
 aright. And if it were not so, how could publicans and fishermen have 
 had such wisdom? And these things are not a dream or vain shadow 
 to those who with humility and faith read them and believe : nor are they 
 profitable to them in their life only, but moreover also in their death. And 
 they are not designed for two men, or ten, or a hundred, but for cities and 
 nations, and peoples, 5 and earth and sea, and for the Greeks, 6 and for 
 the whole world. ' They have conducted those who believe into the 
 haven of peace and of our Lord Jesus Christ.' 
 
 " What concerns the harmony of the Four Holy Gospels is ended. " 
 
 NOTES. 
 1 r i'fld r t' '. J'\ J 1" '. Ludolf renders ' Concordantiae.'
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 25 
 
 1 ^h : jz-r a- : ^A/i*: "while he followed help." ofthis 
 
 I have been unable to assign any satisfactory explanation. Is it 
 possible that ^J^A^I should mean, status rov d.j^r\\, munus 
 discipuli, q. d. discipulatus 2 Or is it to be taken in its usual sense 
 of help, "K7H. A-fl/hbC • being understood, as intimating that the 
 Gospels were written by divine assistance 1 
 
 1 X^^A-IF 00 * : is of a form not found in Ludolf under the root 
 TA(D 1 1 /\ aD ^A a U >cro ': would either mean " in their order," or "after 
 them;" but the construction of what follows, &1%r*\ HAaX"A°h '. 
 seems to require that a substantive should be understood in this 
 word, and perhaps some different form for *f A<E '. Sectator, may 
 be intended. 
 
 4 nrflJP l*l I is rendered, "afresh;" it may also mean, " in the 
 New Testament," for which the adjective fhJP l*l '. is used absolutely. 
 (Ludolf. Lex. in voc.) 
 
 5 (DAfhT+fl: This should perhaps be written (DA/hH-fl: and 
 then the distinction between the two plurals A/tlH-fl: and rtiH-fl .' 
 would be observed ; the former meaning "Svri, Ethnici, infideles; the 
 latter, Xcto), populi. (Lud. in voc. rhTHl '•) 
 
 6 It will be observed, that in the printed copy, after the corrupt word 
 AA£rt: (Exxddos) Greece, is inserted (DAI KC.'.'. Whether this 
 be a repetition of the same thing, AC '. being put for XC^ '. which 
 is the usual term for Greece, or some other country or nation be 
 intended, I will not undertake to determine. 
 
 The text is here represented as it stands, without emendation, and 
 may be a specimen of the degree of confusion and indistinctness that 
 prevails in some of these Ethiopic documents. The title is rather obscurely 
 expressed, and leaves some doubts as to what is the professed subject 
 of the disquisition. Ludolf considers V^CO^I to mean the Tables of 
 Harmony, and calls this whole piece the Preface to them. It is indeed 
 placed before them in the printed edition, but in this MS. it is quite 
 disjoined from them, and seems rather to be a general introduction to 
 the Gospels. V-'CO^: may then mean merely, " the order or plan 
 
 E
 
 20 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 adopted,'' without particular reference to the construction of those tables. 
 In either case, the rendering given above expresses generally the sense. 
 
 At the end of St. John we have an account of the number of sections 
 contained in the whole Four Gospels, in the style of a Masoretic note. 
 
 cdym : YY-A- : R-t™-c : ^A-oo- 1 : AAcao-fc : am f\t- : "5P : IP : : am 
 an : FT^^. : ^A<f^ : j A-tiroo- : a Acao-t : (DT2 a : Arh^s : Aft 
 
 tn> • ■ — ■ ■ 
 
 riADU* : A/\7H,A-ndi,c : -tv^ 011 : am a : nn p : Acao-t : ack 
 ivi- : «c : a Acao-fc : a>T2A : :=: : Bill : : 
 
 Y^A- : 9 A-ti> : acd^a : /T£-3> : ©X^CAiY : Xfrn : -r^ ^* : 
 A A.U- : cd aj^ : -f£7<; s : :=: : 
 
 ah AK7h<yz : (D ah Arh4,^ : rhi>^ : .E^/hC 00 * : x^KA-n^c : 
 niro-j^^j^ ; naqjp^ : A°q,"s : : cdat^p : HO)rtfi* : (DHA^t- : a> 
 H7"?AAYt- : ftdP : a>qcft-£ : ao?a*to : ^Aqo : A 01 *"? : :=: : 
 
 "Now the sum of all the clauses of the Four Gospels is 9700: and 
 that ye may know the number of the clauses of the Four Gospels, we 
 have written it for you. 
 
 " By the grace of the Lord, here are ended the Four Gospels. The 
 sections of the Four Gospels are 217. 
 
 " All the clauses of the Holy Gospel, even from its beginning to its 
 end, namely, the writing of St. John, are completed. 
 
 (1) The word JrA \ which is rendered above, "a clause,'" is explained by Ludolf, *' Versus 
 seu sectiuncula." From the large number here mentioned, it seems almost to mean " lines." By 
 reckoning up the numbers given at the end of each Gospel, in the printed edition, we find the total 
 9207 ; there is therefore some variation, which, if lines are reckoned, is easily accounted for. 
 
 (2) CD AJc; '. TiJ(j '. seems to have reference to St. John, who is in other places called 
 "VT16'. fl all A , ; l": " The Discourser upon the Divinity (of Christ)," probably from his 
 Greek appellation 6 QeoXoyoc. What G)A^* '. means is not clear: one might conjecture 
 that it were used for " the Worl" " the Production ;" but then it should be (DA £ '. "The 
 work oj John." In this way, however, I have rendered it.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 27 
 
 " Upon him who caused this to he written, and upon him who wrote 
 it, upon hoth of them may the Lord have mercy in the Kingdom of 
 Heaven. Amen. — And if there he any thing that I have added or omitted, 
 or inverted, pardon it, and bless me, for ever and ever. Amen." 
 
 Next follows a form of imprecation against any one who should dare 
 to carry away, or by any means remove this Book from the possession 
 of its owners, the Fraternity at Koskam. It is of the same sort as that 
 mentioned in the beginning of the MS., but expressed in yet stronger 
 terms. The conclusion of it is as follows: 
 
 A^ft-?:5i^.A-:qaf lA :^Q.^:Ah*c^ { E:^/h^: , 3v?«J D : 
 
 A°*i"? : : h^iee : tn-r : cd.e A-fc : : (DTil-fc : xnw : Hf 7-nd : n 
 KDg : ujoo^ : qu/hd^ : n^TO a : -f-oqfr : x^h : (D*F*fh<n u : T- 
 W-*i : f\t> a? : h™Vi : : nwnwv : £<E t- : cd ae : £<e * : cd A3> : A 
 *rtf .*P-ifi3ii:: 
 
 " Let his portion be with Judas Iscariot in the lowest hell. Amen. 
 He that shall take away this book, wo to him! And this solemn vow 
 was made in the 84th year of mercy, in the days of our Superior 1 
 Thomas; and may his mercy be upon us. Amen. — In the reign of David, 
 son of David ; John being our Metropolitan." 
 
 We are here carried forward to the S4th year of the Ethiopic era, 
 15 years later than the date of the inscription in the beginning of the 
 MS., i.e. to A.D. 1432. A king of the name here mentioned, David, is 
 inserted in the Catalogue of Ludolf, next but one after Saifa Arad; and 
 in Brace's work, Zara Jacob, who reigned from 1434 to 1468, is said 
 to have been " son of David." 
 
 The above pieces are followed by a document which appears to contain 
 some of the laws or constitutions of the Monastery of Koskam. 
 
 nhtro ; pjft-fi ; ^ rt : ^ /trhd^ : H-t : mXthQ : n i o,ou^ : qu/h 
 tt : in.d.1 : iu°q.^ : ID6.0W : A°q^n^ : ^fi^q : n^h : -t-n 
 
 U) A^JKlh ! denotes, as before, the Superior of the Monaster)', not the political chief, or 
 prime minister, called the lias. [<J»I*|.] This is evident from the extract next adduced.
 
 28 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 ■fm : aogr'ft 1 : (D<t»i*i : itrn m . -f oqh : a> aD [p]a : <l<%(t>c ; a)-4°A<f> 
 «*>- : AX 00 ^ : 3>£/i*J : ecds : (DYY-a- 00 - : 0<je : ft^^- : cdo<. 
 ^ : fL/iP* 00 * : (Dwcv- : a>Aar7H- : a-™- : x a : .e^^-a : Agu^-^ 
 5 : yi™ : grtL : n™?? : a) ax™ : A/t-ftu A-ro- : g^nc : i o A-r : a>.E 
 t^C '• "*n : h^*j^ : : <aon : iu^.05 : A^y, : h<}£(d : nXCTu- ■ £ 
 Yt-S : Ihrfr- : S'iMvna : Aa>^: n^A : sfMiflin, :: (DA..MAO- : n 
 aih't-f-aD- : ha^ha : n^Mac : HX"?nA : A/hoo-a^ : Aa/ht-f- 
 to- : .poe^ : cdi- ^a™^ : [hj^q,-^ ; oqr$ nc : a)X a ?H.A-nrh,c : .e 
 ncn : oq»ina : A°q,^ ; a™,"? : A.EY1*"? : : 
 nrt aD ; \uAfi : 3>£/i : toaU : to : (D53.rt : Arh^y : AH-t : °°k 
 /h^. : A£-n<: : ^fi^q" : "ou^ : cdejp*^ : (do^p^ : nd.Efi : 
 hca : itp-"? : n OT 3a : [ ]uru:s : (DW^idi : wa? : ^^nc : 3> 
 £/,-? : <Q«ro : A^7n<. : [2]oh : [(day* :] arh-1* : Tf?-fc : too"?:: 
 cd AX^n : HArhUJTO : aoa : a-scd- : X 00 ^ : n^A : Aar : h^u£ 
 a) : nO£u- : pu-njD : m^ : m o A-r : h Ala a : uc-fl : (D^n-o 4 : : A 
 ao : -pj ; nufLE : °2[-nc] : HArMD™ : aoa : A-^u- : (DAjrMiAO : A 
 "5<I>^: o)A.q,u/ : <da..ei % i-i\e : UA.n : axDgi : ^^a : q°x^ : rtf 
 £• : A a : a+ : : cdax*™ : Pf : olo??i : 7-flc : HAfhUJ OT : aoa : A 
 •f-ih : pu-np : so a^- : (Dto^ ao : (D OT h-tn : hyito : 4>^a^: : = : : © 
 
 £3™ : w&Oi : A^^nd : 3>£/iS : AX OT : A^iu™ : dgft : aoa : 
 
 (!) A name of the same form as *t , l*l'ft I QI OUg-r$f ; ; s f oun( i ; n another part of the 
 
 MS., viz. -f mqncf ; aog-q-} - m ; 
 
 (2) 't'l'l I 7fVH I " the chief Presbyter" seems to be an Amharic appellation. It is 
 inserted as such by Ludolf in his Lexicon of that language. Elsewhere, in this MS. it is written 
 *Pl*I.ri '. 'lf\"Y\ '. more in the Ethiopic form. 
 
 (3) The name of the aD pfL " is obliterated. This title I have rendered ' Steward,' though 
 it may perhaps mean the Vicegerent or Deputy of the Superior. 
 
 (40 The fifty days' fast is to be observed, not including the fourth and sixth days of the week, 
 which were fasts in course, and always observed as such. This seems to be the meaning of 
 HA 5C\t\ '. for it can hardly signify " except" in the sense that the penance was on those days 
 to be dispensed with. In something of the same way, though the instance is not strictly analogous, 
 the duration of Lent is protracted in Abyssinia, by omitting in the computation all the festivals 
 that occur during its continuance. (Lud. Comm. p. 3S8.)
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 20 
 
 3>£/i3 : pu-np : hflF-t- : h R(hq,i : livh : :=: : (P/vx™ : ArhiDtro- : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, this writing was written, in the 
 1 Oth year of grace. We have decreed this with common consent for the 
 Fraternity of Koskam: Tasabka Madchen being Superior, and Thomas 
 Chief Presbyter, and Victor Steward; and the number of Iloly Men 39; 
 and the clothing of all, and the food of all is alike. And they enacted, 
 on pain of excommunication, that those who come after us should be 
 as we are; and if it is not possible for them, let them remain ten days, 
 and then depart whithersoever they will. Again, we have enacted, if any 
 one use violence with his hands, let his penance be fifty stripes, or, if 
 in words, thirty stripes. And let them not eat alone, but in the common 
 assembly: except the sick; let these be separated and be alone. The 
 Statutes of the Fraternity are ended, and may the Lord bless our 
 Fraternity. Amen, Amen; So be it. 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, Lord of flesh and spirit, We, Priests, 
 Deacons, and Monks, have written this writing for the Mountain of Kos- 
 kam; Zara Sion being our Superior, Steward; by the common 
 
 consent of our whole Fraternity of Holy Men, that they should not make 
 quarrel or dispute in this place. And if there be any one that has trans- 
 gressed against his brethren, whether it be by word, or that he has used 
 violence with his hand, let them give him penance forty days, not including 
 the fourth and sixth days of each week. If it be by a great offence that 
 he has transgressed against his brother, let him not eat an egg or fish, 
 and let him not drink milk or wine, together with offering a hundred prayers 
 every day. And if it be by a small offence that he hath transgressed 
 against his brother, let them give him twenty days, and food and drink 
 as in the former case. And again, we have enacted for the Fraternity 
 of Holy Men: If the Superior transgress against the Holy Men, let them 
 appoint him this penance that we have written; and if the Holy Men 
 transgress against the Superior, let him appoint them penance according to 
 Avhat we have written." 
 
 The remainder of these documents has been lost from the MS. The 
 early date assigned is remarkable, "the 10th year of mercy." Whether
 
 gO ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 this piece were written before that which precedes it, or only copied from 
 some more ancient document, and inserted here, is not certain. Probably 
 the latter was the case. 
 
 In the last page of the MS. we find the following note, of which 
 the subject is not very obvious. I have endeavoured to give a translation. 
 
 nrt<ro : vu/vft : $£,rt : ou/vu : to : o> i^h : TRftuzft : Ht : ™x 
 ihq. : cdua- : Arh& : n,^ : n OT T?A : v°w&zp : xqo* : a-f : ftcfr 
 ^jp"? : HfhiK : Hnc^ri : (D-n^iVfc^ : fi°q : q°Arh : (DHP^n, : © 
 a& : p-/h^h : (D^i^aa : (D/hAnA : ^W-^"^ : f\q?Aqu : aot A£ 
 «ro- : (D Aar A£ : or ae 00 * : (Dnd.Eh : rm.qoh : (Dn^h : hca : ,8: 
 p-"? : (DHl^ 00 - : cdh^a?^""- : orEft*"? : okhh : nA<5. : h-a : oxd 
 a^ : (Dtro^rt : 3>£,fi : h™& : ® q oao^ : qu/h^ : -r^;^ : t_|^ 
 ■t : ao^/h^. : : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, Lord of flesh and spirit, this 
 writing was written. There is a certain house to the eastward of the 
 Church, which was built by Zacharias and his wife, by name Melah, and 
 his eldest son John, and Michael, and Hasabala. May it be unto them 
 for ever, to their children, and to their children's children. Before 
 (or in the time of) the Superior Pachymius and the Superior Zara-Sion. 
 Whoever shall remove or forcibly dispossess them, let him be accursed 
 before the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost. Amen. In the 
 51st year of grace this writing was written." 
 
 This seems to be a deed, asserting the title of some individual to the 
 possession in perpetuity of a particular house. I once supposed, from 
 the connection of the names John and Zacharias, that John the Baptist 
 might be intended, and that Zacharias, his father, was accounted by 
 tradition the builder, not of the house, but of the Church designated; 
 but then his wife was Elizabeth, not Melah, and it is difficult to make 
 any thing of the names Michael and Hasabala. It therefore seems 
 necessary to conclude, that this Zacharias was the builder of the house 
 in question, and that the other names belong to the members of his 
 family. It might be understood that ftoij: means not the name of his
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 31 
 
 wife, but the name of the house ; and so the whole passage might In- 
 rendered differently. But this is not very probable; and as the subject 
 is not of much importance, 1 forbear to enlarge. 
 
 Besides these extraneous additions at the beginning and end of the 
 volume, some are found in other parts of it, of a similar nature. To 
 each Gospel is prefixed a rude portrait of the Evangelist who composed 
 it, together with a table of the sections which it contains ; and the vacant 
 spaces left in these parts, of half a page or more in extent, are occupied 
 by pieces of various import. 
 
 Of these, some commemorate presents made to the Monastery; as the 
 following : 
 
 nhtro- : wttfi : *£j*i : ^ati, : to : (D^ft : h<j«v> : Arm : (da 
 -jr<E? : H(Dun : Aar A°fi : Arfrt : au 1 ? ' AA9 11 : q°fiA : a)/\£ : a> A 
 /frt : <*\Prh : 7\>a : iw$p : (Dun : ArhYCP^* : n™TO A : <^Eh : 
 AfH : nct^fi : ^n™ : gttl : A-r>m<, : cdjeah,* : H-i-arun : 
 
 ArhYCP'P : (DA^ro*^ '. TftlCP ." (DA^ChOjD .' (D^THY!*^ ." 1 
 
 n<. : nno?A na »- : ArhYCP^* : : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, Lord of flesh and spirit, hear 
 ye our Fathers and our Brethren, that Paul hath given one black cow, 
 with her calf, and one red heifer hath he given to the Apostles, in the 
 days of the Superior, Abuna Bartinos, that it may be for a memorial of 
 him. And now that it is given to the Apostles, do you also be mindful 
 of him, and forget him not, but make commemoration of him on the 
 Feast of the Apostles." 
 
 The phrase " given to the Apostles," seems to mean, " given in 
 honour of the Apostles," "dedicated to them." The word U/cpp; m 
 the third line, I do not understand. 
 
 Some of these documents contain laws and general resolutions of the 
 Fraternity. 
 
 nfi 00 : frft-fi : 3>£,h : A/h^.5 : £7n<, : f Tmc^ : t\W.s?pl : a 
 o« : S(db : a / p*«3 d ^ : : WdOi : tti(\& : n OT yoa.u* : AtjDjp^cfi : 
 ^£h : (D7\} h : tro 7a : -i-^iti : Aar?Ti* : Hl-r : t n aD : A.P-fPPA :
 
 32 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 7\ mx l : n/rwi : cdx 00 ^ : n^-vn : : (da ot ^ : hh'oj : tpe^ : : a,p 
 •fW a : : T^y. : H-m.E™ : &gh : acf : *™ia. : : A.P-fl'PA : H"?-r : 
 cda^ 00 : A-fimA : h^-p : huj^os : rha^s : ^us* : (D£\p#^ : 
 (DanjtQ^^ : : ax™ : A-nm^«D- ■ : ^a^siou- : X7H. A-n^c : 
 xaq^n^ : 57^ j?? : : (D.E^rt. : aiD /h^c^i im ' : arh-t- : ivw° : : in : 
 "htn+l : HA„Efl\s.x : cdo^u- : HAje5(D-«?o : : (DAHA/frh^ : a<^ 
 £h : -tjDjP/Cfi : : JK^rfi^. : hq° : A7H.A-fl/h,c : or fit- : a^rh^ : 
 /h.^(Dl- : Aq? a™ : o? Ag° : A **"! : :=: : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, We have written, Let them make 
 commemoration of the Pilgrims on the 29th day of the month Tekemt, 
 (26th October). We have decreed it with common consent, in the days of 
 the Superior Theodore, Thomas being Steward ; We determine, under 
 pain of excommunication, that they shall not abrogate it; whether in 
 time of plenty, or of famine, or under whatever circumstances, let them 
 not abrogate it. And if any one be appointed Superior or Steward, let 
 them not abrogate this. And if they shall abrogate this that we have, 
 decreed by common consent, Priests, Deacons, and Monks, if ye shall 
 abrogate it, may the Lord separate you from the company of Pilgrims, 
 and make your dwelling-place in hell, where the fire is not quenched 
 and the worm sleepeth not. And as for him who caused this to be 
 written, the Superior, Theodore, may the Lord write his name in the 
 Book of Life, for ever and ever. Amen." 
 
 We now proceed to the MS. No. 19., which is written in columns 
 and in the folio form, like that already described. It commences with 
 the Epistle of Eusebius to Cyprian, which is followed by the same 
 Procemium as in the former instance, with the title HA*?'!"' '. r i T fidi r t' '. 
 
 ^a^:h©"52a^:: 
 
 At the end of the Gospels, we have the following inscription: 
 
 nAYio-tri* : A-fl :(D(D t\Sr : (Dou^h : 3>£.h : i\8-/h<5/l* : Ht: : Wi 
 it\ : qo^m- : tt-t- : ^nc. : ^h-nA-f- : AA7H>s : APrth : sic* 
 *h : (DASi-ihjD-f- : £,n : q^c : ash : .E7-nc : -i-Ag^i- : (D^lfi 
 &-r : qp-fr : (di-Ifa-t : a>0C7* : (DVi-f : rtoq.pl- : n*™^} : 3>#.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 33 
 
 h : 2pc2rt ' : nuc : tit a. : : n^TO a : oy-tprt : (D17 a<p. : ni : m : 
 (DB : oot^ : gu/h^ : (D7\*f h : sine : a,4> : *Ah* : A-n : un_E : 
 Aa : p-rh*Sh : (dSt-y*** : XhYi^c : h+iWP : ha? : ^KA-firh, 
 C : ^hm^nx^ii : a)i*3.>ioq.fcri : a^toa : oqopfi : cdTza'e : 
 he : w : r : A 00 -!- : q°rh^^ : fkdcs : ""fin^ : A OT : ■"i.E'iy- : a 
 
 a^UA^ : (DA™ 1 1™*fr \ AAA.^ : CDfi-fL^ : AX^H.A-flfh.C : 
 
 a^a^iA 01 ^::^: 
 
 " By the grace of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, 
 this Gospel of the Kingdom has heen written; which relates the 
 Incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ, and His walking upon the earth, 
 doing signs and wonders, His death and resurrection, and ascension into 
 heaven. It was written in the Church of St. George in Harza-Wele, 
 in the days of the Evangelist Matthew 3 , in the 142d year of grace 4 ; the 
 Reverend Father Abba Johannes being our honoured Metropolitan, 
 and our King being Alexander, who was named, by the grace of God, 
 Constantine; and its completion was in the days of Mark the Evangelist, 
 in the 143d year of grace, in the month of Maskaram (September), when 
 it was the sixth day and fifth night 5 ; and praise be unto the Lord for ever. 
 Amen." 
 
 (1) tTOV^ : %>&h i 2JDC2?1 1 rendered « the Church of St. George," may possibly 
 be the name of the place where this was written. The native town or village of Ludolf 's 
 Abyssinian, Gregory, was called OD 'OJ '. V^Al*!. '. " The Church of the Trinity." 
 
 (2) flUC ! TH1PAI " In Harza-Wele." I have represented the name of the place thus, 
 from its being written so in other places where it occurs. There seems no traces of the Hebrew 
 nn " a mountain" being ever adopted in the Ethiopic dialect, else it might be supposed, from 
 UC '• being thus written separately, that it meant " the Mountain of Wele." 
 
 (3) " The days of the Evangelist Matthew, Mark, &c." is a mode of indicating each year in 
 a cycle of four. (Vid. Ludolf. Coram, p. 439; et Lex. iEth. in voc. ^UA^ '. rad. (DU A '.) 
 
 (4) The date here given agrees, as in a former case, with Bruce. The year 142 would 
 represent, according to the computations given above, either A. D. 1482 or 1490. And Iscander 
 or Alexander reigned, according to Bruce, from 1478 to 1495, which period includes both of these 
 dates. 
 
 (5) The only meaning that I can conjecture for the phrase " sixth day and fifth night," is, 
 that it was finished in the night between the fifth and sixth days of the month. 
 
 F
 
 34 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 Tlien follows an invocation of blessings upon him who ordered the 
 book to be written : 
 
 HA/£/h4, : AH-t : ^/frhdL : Zh.E(D^ : AfH \ fm«ju<£ : «roj^ *& \ 
 
 d.R(\ : n a.p</ia«jo : cd a# : Af>? : -tpj^crt : (Doq-tph 3 ug-rid. : 
 rhTC^^ ' : t^ : get? : q°frrfi : ng.n : qojp/c : (D^crh : nrvq 
 ¥ *t- : : gxthq, : fiq° : nanliwr : fioq^^ : arhi- : sh^voh- : A g ■ 
 ^Ih-n : n-n A : a^ : (d.eyi^A' : grci-t- : q°h a : $a.P^ : (datc 
 jp* : (D«jort a : kr-^I : (Dnaqo^ : cdtoiA : wp^i'i : nus*^ : a)q« 
 fiA : ^^aq"? : aus"^^ : (P.PhW} : ^a : °q^A^ : Hrh95*^ : <s>p 
 -n A : U7d : -ficui- : :k3i* : Mjpta : "having : axDO* : amTSHi 
 ^ : : (TKtt : tou- : wr*™- : tra-j^-^ : ^ a : -*m.A^ : a^a™ : q? 
 ao^^iic^cda 01 !,^:: 
 
 " He who caused this Book of Life to be written, Abba Tatamka- 
 Madchen, Superior at Jerusalem, son of Abba Theodore, and Matthew 
 of the Mount of the Apostles, that he might have honour upon earth 
 and mercy in heaven: may Christ write his name in the kingdom of 
 heaven, on the wings of the four beasts, and appoint his portion with 
 the Prophets and Apostles, and with the just men and Martyrs, and with 
 the ordained Priests and the perfected Monks ; and may He make him 
 hear the voice of the Song of the Children, and bring him into the City 
 of Light, that shines more than the sun and moon and stars; for the 
 sake of His flesh and His blood, that cleanseth from all sin, for ever and 
 ever. Amen." 
 
 This paragraph is involved in some confusion, from which I have 
 been unable to extricate it. Two persons seem to be mentioned at 
 the beginning, the Superior at Jerusalem and Matthew, yet the verbs 
 and pronouns are in the singular number, as referring to one only. 
 
 (1) " The Mount of the Apostles" I understand to mean Koskam, which is called in the 
 extract from the commencement of the MS. No. 18, fl/l* '. ftl'PCF^t' '. HE"fl4 '. 
 f t*" , il£ , J D '-'. " The House of the Apostles on the Mountain of Koskam." 
 
 (2) The words iVfl A • H.T '. (literally, " Men of the household, domestic servants,") 
 arc obscure. They may perhaps refer to the four beasts, considered as in continual attendance 
 round the Divine Throne.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 35 
 
 Perhaps Matthew was an ancestor of the Superior, father of Theodore, 
 for instance. Then there is no nominative case to the verbs J2K"rh^.! 
 > E t fl^./V > ; &c- though by the last clause it would seem that the Saviour 
 was intended as the agent. 
 
 In the vacant pages at the beginning and end of the volume, are 
 inserted various detached pieces, as in No. 18; but some are quite of a 
 novel description, being inventories of goods and furniture. The persons 
 writing them are frequently styled i^i^y'i'. "Pilgrims,"' which, joined 
 to the circumstance of the " Superior at Jerusalem" being mentioned, 
 appears to shew that this volume has belonged to the Convent of 
 Abyssiniaiis in that city, the members of which are generally pilgrims. 
 
 The following is a specimen of the inventories above mentioned : 
 
 nh ao : YVfrti : *&fi : rhfr^ : UAT : HA^i-AAJZ : Xrh^S : h"?-p : 
 
 1<pp : rvp : t"J$£h : HrhCH : <ea : TpaA* : yy-as : SDR-pl : xiH : 
 ^h i : aq : o?04> : sr'ilix : <d2\e<j« : p-rt^. : : a>5 : <t»*i(DYi^ : cdb : j^ 
 yttt- : am a A,* : ^A^t : : 2*rh a : H-n<,c : r$<po : H-n<,c : % o 
 £X : ^h^A : H-n<,c : ohcdc* : : B^ft^A : H-n<,c : oogom^ : 
 h^<.c : :r>ifh£v : *H"H : B>?TO : Ha^A, : : s^arj^- : rq,nj2^ : (D 
 
 ES'Xrt^* : ood-j/davO : H(DC* : ood^/t>AO^ : HrhdC : oac4"h : H 
 
 (DC* : B^m/ivr- : *njftq°A. : hcdc* : B^^h : n^"? ; au?£ ; hp+ : 
 
 -ft<,C : r*|>anh : (DB^TiftrP \ HrhrfC \ -HA^E : KDlfiT-C : -OA.E : 
 
 Srhj^fi : : B^fhdL.K* : ^?a^ : Ho?a>\^ : B , fY■ Dl } , J T, : s^to : ^Pi 
 ny.^- : (Dr^A.^ : : amon : rh«j°A : B^^fi : hcd-t-c : (DBH*?*? : 
 /h a.*? : : (Dog-frr : Binr"? : ohca : H-nci- : oqn^Eft ; r ond* : 
 H-ncl- : bto-^p : o^n"? : w-nct : ^-nw : : 
 
 " In the name of the Holy Trinity, conjoined in essence, inseparable. 
 We, all the Pilgrims assembled, have written down these, the possessions 
 of the Church of Harza-Wele, Abba Atska-Denghel being our Superior, 
 and Joseph his deputy, together with five presbyters, two deacons, and 
 two laymen. — 4 patines of silver; 3 cups of silver; 7 spoons 1 of silver, 1 of 
 
 C 1 ) OC<5. '• aD fl4 , A '. vocatur cochlear, cujus usus est in distributione vini benedicti 
 in S. Ccena, /Ethiopum more." Ludolf. Lex. TEth. in voc. VfCif, '.
 
 30 ON THE ETHIOPIC 
 
 gold; 2 crosses of silver; 1 censer of silver; 3 plates for the flagons 2 ; 
 
 2 cups of beryl; 5 dishes 3 , 3 large and 2 small; 1 curtain (embroidered) 
 with gold; 1 curtain of silk; I cloak 4 (embroidered) with gold; 2 complete 
 robes 5 , (embroidered) with gold; 2 shirts of white linen, embroidered with 
 silver; 3 skirts, and two robes, of old silk; 17 old veils (or coverings) ', 
 5 new; 2 large round vessels 7 ; 2 caps 8 ; 8 candlesticks, 5 large and 
 
 3 small. And again, 3 large clokes 9 ; 2 shirts of twisted work 10 ; 2 iron 
 rods; 1 "; 2 frying-pans 12 ; 1 cup (drinking vessel) of brass; 
 
 (2) 4 ) Hrl '. I have rendered " flagons," on the supposition that it may have some affinity 
 with the Arabic iji[» or is • «jli' Fas polorium, scil. Amphora, Crater. Golius. \) is also 
 explained in the same Lexicon to mean a particular kind of silk; and \W> is " a vender of 
 such silk." 
 
 (3) OfflT^" I may possibly signify a round dish, as " orbis," is used in Latin. 
 
 (4) QC^°fl ; Arab. i^/<~y Penula, Lacerna. 
 
 (5) tTOy! 1 ! /^; I do not find any root to which this can be referred, but the Arabic 
 0~tS Integer, alsolulusfu.it. I have, therefore, rendered it " complete." It might be connected 
 with HCDChP '. so as to mean " completely embroidered." 
 
 (6) ilTC ■ Arab. j*y Tegumentum, pec. Velum, Cortina. Golius. 
 
 (7) Being quite uncertain about the meaning of the word OQfTlz^.j^* \ I have translated 
 it by the very general term " vessel." It commonly signifies in Ethiopic " a tower," but here 
 seems rather connected with the Arabic i*ak-» or &sls* Fas scypho simile quo mensuratur 
 Jrumentum. Golius. 
 
 (8) I ff* c^ ^ , 3 l, '. '. Under the Arabic root if operuit, are two derivatives, which seem in 
 some degree to suit the sense of this passage: 1/, Plur. X*£\ Manica indusii, vest is; and 
 tS> Pileus rotundus. I have taken the latter. 
 
 (9) n l J D '\ '. '• Arab. Al**i Feslimentum, pec. totum corpus involvens. Gol. Heb. rVTOC- 
 
 (10) HCDTC '• From the Arabic f) Nervus, Chorda. This may mean some sort of twine, 
 woven or plaited together. Perhaps something of a shirt of mail. 
 
 (11) J^'I*1T I To this word I am unable to assign any probable meaning. 
 
 (12) TlTfJ '. I nave translated "frying-pans." We have the root jSO Fruit, in 
 
 Chaldee and Syriac ; in Arabic ii /?'^ Sartago. The substitution of "IT '■ for ^T is not 
 
 strictly analogical, but may be admitted on the same ground as that of IT I for $*'. and of 
 
 3? • ^ or ?T» which occur in several Amharic words, and can only be accounted for from the 
 similarity of sound in these letters.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. 37 
 
 1 mortar; 2 ewers 13 of brass; 2 censers of brass; 5 carpets (of 
 mats)." 
 
 There are some commemorations of presents made to the Fraternity : 
 
 nAYMrr : A-n : oxd A.R- : <d<™i<i.?i : 3>#j*i : wtvft : mx : (D0<. 
 pi : rtiiw : : (DiMVn- : As : (D A£ : aq : W- aa : 1%*™ : cdu a. : 
 A^-? : /f p-"5 : hua° : nc ^ : a Ah/iui^ : ^^i : ri^o^r- : o* 
 iti a : H-ncc : (Do^-to : H-n<.c : a^^p : tou- : cdjp,^ : ^ a.p 
 
 " Praise to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, three 
 in person, and equal in power. I, son of Abba Samuel, servant of Amha 
 Sion, who is at Rome, have given to Stephen 2 the first martyr, one patine 
 of silver and a cup of silver, for receiving the body and blood of our 
 Saviour Jesus Christ. 
 
 At the commencement of the volume are some records of sentences 
 passed by the Fraternity upon offenders. 
 
 The following is a specimen : 
 
 "?rh? : J2£\P"? : Tt-txi : thciti : 0)1*1°^.^? : Adu?.? : A OT : i©S : A 
 i^qo-i" : 5 *nar h^ : cdjpjp*^ : ecde vitv mi 'b : a"5h : dgti : aq : 
 viK<£ : grlitx : 'hti*™ : e<M. : Aa : p-ru?. : cdae : An-? : A.ph"vfc 
 ph : h°° : s a^3>«j°t- : ao a : a.<£ : AA^ : Aa : Pvh"?h : (Ddtf- 
 
 (13) 0'fld4 > I Arab. JtfjjV* Gladius : item Pers. Gutturnium, el Epichysis, vasroslratum. 
 
 Gol. The substitution of O .' for A I is so general, that sometimes even the first person 
 future of a verb is found in the MSS. written with a preformative '. instead of A 1 1 
 
 (1) How the word 7^ an '. comes in here, I do not see. It may perhaps be connected 
 with Samuel, and form part of the proper name. The order of the words will scarcely permit 
 it to be taken with (DU A. ! else (DO A. '. 7JP.'J D '. might be understood to mean " a labourer 
 in the field:" though such a person would not have made, we may suppose, so valuable a present. 
 
 (2) The name of Stephen is here mentioned as the Saint in whose honour the gift was offered. 
 Sometimes no such name is introduced, and it is simply, " I, N. have given to the Church of St. 
 George, &c."
 
 og ON THEETHIOPIC 
 
 rn? : ao A.U- : n 010 : &c\c : Ah<£/n.fi : Arh£ : v> mr f : <d S nth': 
 ^iirnft : h^-t : iDd-OS : S^W : (DHTr : A7\ OT : a^™ : A..E3Q 
 x : rvr : n?:¥*i : (DKP-yi-£ : qohAJJ "- : am^*?-!- : TiArh^ : 
 ^K/h^ : w^ : t a aa : a^M^Iy^P : w-a?™* : ^nh : (da.a<: 
 t : ta : (DA.n<t>-iW> : (DA.ha.p</iAJP 3 : (DA™ : <4.<*>£ :T£"Pc: 
 Wi a : Arh<Ei> : pu-n : s : a>c3> : a a.p</i ajj : cda™ : °>np 4 : h 
 •$i- : pfrl : nA^. : A-n : a)® a£- : (D^^n : *£,ri : (dha^. : 3> 
 E*h^ : at : ftCh^.P's : 7-a A : ttt- : aycjp^* : (DHK^nn : ha 
 •?n a : 'j-n^t* : *2£-.pS : JEtt-l : a^a™ : °> a«p : A^l : : 
 
 " We, all the Pilgrims united together, have written this by common 
 consent, on the 18th of the month Tekemt (15th October), live presbyters, 
 and two deacons, and two laymen ; Abba Atska Denghel being Superior. 
 
 " Whereas Abba Joseph, son of Abbuna Eustathius, hath spoken 
 evil, on the 8th of the month Tekemt, against the Metropolitan, Abba 
 Johannes, we have decreed against him, that he shall remain in penance 
 one year, and receive ' eight thousand stripes.-* This decree we have 
 made respecting him; and if he does not accomplish this, let him 
 not enter into the House of the Pilgrims, and let him not communicate 
 with them. And for this cause we have written a writing of excommuni- 
 cation, that none of the Abyssinians may receive him, neither those of 
 Harza-Wele\ nor of Koskam, nor of Jerusalem. And if he desires to be 
 joined again to his brethren, let him give 20 pieces of gold to the [convent 
 at] Jerusalem. And if he proudly resist this, let him be [accursed] 3 by 
 
 (1) Art'tfn.l*! (Gr. ao-Kijnje,) seems to mean usually, a hermit. Hence the sentence 
 will be, that he is to live separate from his brethren, as it is expressed a little further on. 
 
 (2) The number of eight thousand stripes seems very large ; but finding no other probable 
 meaning of the word f\,(tl '. I am compelled to understand it as the Amharic fiftl ". 
 " a thousand." Perhaps he was to receive a certain number every day throughout the year : 20 
 per diem, a moderate allowance. 
 
 (3) In order to make the passage intelligible, which gives the name, of the places from which 
 he is to be excluded, I read CDA.fhCH \ YA : (D A^^flCT* 10) A.H A.P</l 
 
 ajj«:: 
 
 (+) The sense of " proudly resisting" has been given to OjflP .' as the passage requires 
 a transitive verb, H^ 1 !" '. being the accusative case. 
 
 (5) The word " accursed" seems omitted per cuphemismiim, in the original.
 
 MANUSCRIPTS OF PARIS. JJ9 
 
 the mouth of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and 
 by the mouth of the Holy Church. And whosoever shall erase this, 
 except the Society of Pilgrims, let him be [accursed] for ever and ever. 
 Amen." 
 
 My extracts and observations are now concluded. Should such 
 communications as this have any effect in turning- the attention of the 
 Orientalist to Ethiopic literature, and to the people to whom that 
 literature was once familiar, — to their present state of depression, 1 and the 
 best means for recovering them from it, — they will indeed answer a valuable 
 end. Cut off from intercourse with Christian nations, and surrounded 
 by Mahomedans and Pagans on every side, the Church of Abyssinia has 
 stood for centuries alone, an oasis in the moral desert. Wasted indeed 
 it has been, and desolated by rude and frequent inroads, but the principle 
 of life and strength still remains. And the attempt to rouse those powers 
 into action, by applying the motives which Christianity, as set forth 
 in the Word of God, alone can give, and by displaying those hopes which 
 Christianity alone can offer, is surely an enterprize than which few can 
 be more interesting. 
 
 (1) Reference to the works of Bruce and Salt is almost superfluous. The name of Salt should 
 not be so briefly dismissed, but — " nostra non laudis eget."
 
 EAC SIM I LJK OfF A "fAGSOTTHE AMHATUC S1.S.OFAB1TWMH. 
 
 5 Matthew. I. J- +. 
 
 «£ •. a^lf <*» < y • Vi <? eft - c*> 3 
 
 y*> f^sta A £-. ft «^ ^ # *f 1 *«•:% 
 
 c
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 CONTAINI.VU 
 
 FOUR VERSIONS OF THE NINTH CHAPTER OF THE GOSPEL 
 ACCORDING TO ST. MARK 
 
 IX 
 
 afcygatman "Dialect* ■. 
 
 1. ETHIOPIC; the Text of the Bible Society's MS. No.iv. 
 
 2. AMHARIC; by Abu Rumi. 
 
 3. TIGRE ^ 
 
 > in Roman Characters ; lv Pearce. 
 
 4. AMHARIC J 
 
 With parts of the two latter in the Ethiopic Character; and a Grammatical Analysis of the 
 
 Amharic of Abu Rcmi, 
 
 The mark (|) prefixed to a word in Mr. Pearce's Translations, indicates that it is a repetition 
 of that which precedes it; being either a synonymous term which may be substituted for the 
 other, or merely a different orthography, expressing a different pronunciation of the same word. 
 For Mr. Pearce observes, " The Abyssinians differ, in almost every province, in the Tigre 
 Language, though they all understand each other." The same is doubtless the case with the 
 Amharic also. 
 
 It will be observed, that I have deviated from my original plan, by adding a Specimen of 
 Grammatical Analysis. It appeared, upon consideration, that something of this sort, though brief 
 and imperfect, might yet be of utility, when combined with the aid afforded by Ludolf. I have 
 been induced, from various reasons, to draw it up in Latin.
 
 42 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
 (DjKaff on- : h^Ll : /vaAYioi* : uacd- : tip : g^ar*™* : xa a^po 
 •jot : Aq°^ : "KhYi : .E£,;h.EY : hwnwt- : "KiH^-ntthC : ^mx 
 X : m.EA :: ©Aoq, : n^n : oa^ : jw^oo. : X7H> : A.PrVh : a A, 
 f'Ch : a)A.P0<f>-fi : (DAP-/h^h : (DAO^I 11 ^ : Zr-ad. : iw : narfrt 
 ^ao* : ©t©Am : 6^kp : ci^R-vHtf 00 * : (DAaqi*ok. : a<M> : cdao 
 £© : ha_e*i a : otvta : nvw- : AAO£*p* : n^E* : : a> AhTCA 
 ^piro- : oo-rt, : a) A.A.Pfi : X"?h : .E^s*?^ : Wi A : Mh,^ : ajym*i : a> 
 Aar^A : ATCh : (D^a A° : A7\°?H> : A.PA-h : ^a : jEljEft? : IS 
 nc : tip : u>"J7nc : tip : wart : ^i^R-d : Arh£ : ayi : a)Arh£ : a 
 
 •ro-rt, : (D Afh£ : AA.A.Ph : <DK?AWC '. HE-fl A : Xhou ; j^Yh^i: 2\ 
 
 tro-1* : : (D m K A : £oo£ : ©aaa-oo* : (d^k-a : Ja : :k«jo£oo£ : 
 H^-nA : H"5-fc : arfc-fc : (D ajp/p : ha<5.3>c : © A-fc : iwop : : ©x«joti : 
 
 AMHARIC OF ABU RUMI. 
 
 A a^ ©-9° : : 'Kartt : X a^ au- : yiku : yi* ^ : n©¥ : A a : : qp 
 ■^"5 : poq^^qofr^ : XfiYx^P : Rrdft : 003^^ : MKA-n^c : 
 rt^onni : nir.EA : : Yin^-a^ : 4?^q° : as. a : ©n.p. : Prt-h : A'PCh 
 ■? : .po^-nw : Pvh"Sh"?qo : : ©£ : <;j^qo : -i^^qo : A©ivf <d- : a 
 •aj^F or : : tACDm 1 ? 1 : n&T^rar : : A-niW* : i m> : u-s* : -a a^ : -a 
 Atp. : ^a : ind 7 ^ : x^ : n^£ : : A^a : P°q.E^A : aqo£-c : a.e : * 
 «$»• : JPSC7 : h^ : 7\"S£cn* : : -T7 a a : A^ or : AA^h : yioo^ : 3 
 d, : : ,E£7<,qo : h n<. : Yipa-n : 3^ : : Afcnq : °° An : PiYiYjqo : 
 aa : : troqo/hC : uje : Xtr? : ooA'oqo : tar : Yiau : -a*?* 01 "?' : : r» 
 h^g° : jp.n : ^"sn^. :: a"?^ : KiSrw aoo-ivjo : AIR- :: AM^rt 
 •jo : A*?£- : : poq.A©*"? : A.par$«jo£ : : ^ A : ^ : : ^au^go : jfrarc<p 
 ¥ar : inc :: yi^oo^jo : ^-qo^ : 00^ ■ x^u : jXA : : £U : ior : p 
 •jocD^ar : a£ : h™*-^ : : j^T2^qo : &£(& : ab : : oui^qo ; a ap«jo :
 
 APPENDIX. 43 
 
 TIGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 1. Wer hu negger hu[ + ovjhom, Ber ack ane negger er kar, zer arlu 
 hadda hadda horn dou zer bel ov zeu, zer hi tarm ov mort +mott + mart 
 + mote, shar zer reiyer horn el Negustart ov Isgare enter mussea mis hile. 
 
 2. Wer darhe sidishta malti Yassus wosed mis hum Patros wer Yerhudi 
 + Yarcob -wer Yohannis wer merrer horn larl ov hadda airria + abby ambar 
 + terrarer ber bane hom wer ter lout hum ov cardan horn. 
 
 3. Wer kedan hum ter barrark er In carenar sardu com burred, kinder 
 zer yellea serertenyer ov muddre ker sardu hu hom. 
 
 4. AVer zer mussea ov hom Elias mis Mosa wer ter negger hu hom mis 
 Yassus. 
 
 5. Wer Patros millash wer ter negger ov Yassus, Guity, zer subbuck er 
 ner mer senner ov zeu, wer kern serrer erner selesta hadda ler 
 anter, wer hadda ler Mosa, wer hadda ler Elias. 
 
 6. Ker hu hi felet munte mer negger, ker coulou ov hom bettam ferrer 
 + ferhe. 
 
 7. Wer zer newer hadda dimmaner tsellal zer gevver hom, wer hadda 
 dimse mussea ker el dimmaner, ter negger, Ze you fettouani Wod'a, sum- 
 mer hom. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 1 . Hereso ter negger ler heresu, Ounet anne neggerachchu, kerzeaarlu 
 zer comal, hiastarm lermote yusk er ter hiyer ler negustart Igzare mutterto 
 ber hile garer. 
 
 2. Siddist er cun ber quarler Yassus wossedho ber hand Patros, Yarcob, 
 Yohannis merrerhu lie wost hander riggen ambar bichar: hereso melk 
 ter lout ker feithu. 
 
 3. Lifsho ter baiTecer er gig nich inder burred, hander serrertenyer 
 ker mudder ber hichelem mer mig + nich hu. 
 
 4. Yer mutterto ler hersu Elias ker Mosa garer ternegger hu ker Yassus 
 garer. 
 
 5. Patros mellash ter negger ler Yassus, Gatou, malcom niner ker zear 
 mer quoi, ner serrer surster hault +cummer, hand ler anter, hand ler Mosa, 
 hand ler Elias. 
 
 6. Hereso ter chenneckho +chenckho minder mer negger, ergig fertohu. 
 
 7. Yernebber hander dimmaner inder tsellal arderergo, hander dims 
 mutterto ker wost er dimmaner, ter negger, Yer anne merwoded lig, sum- 
 merho.
 
 44 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
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 /h,K. '■ -n^Trtv* : : ^^19° : mp4> : : g°? : ^n a^u- : TLO^vvar : :
 
 APPENDIX. 45 
 
 TIGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 8. Wer ber dingets shar enter reiyer hom ber zurehu, hite er reiyer er 
 sevvi calle Yassus bercur mis bom bane bu. 
 
 g. Wer enter worred bom ker el ambar, hu mucker hom inder hi negger 
 er sevvi zer reiyer hom negger, shar el Wod der sevvi tennessar ker el mote. 
 
 10. Wer haz hom zer negger ov wost hom enter tiock hadda mis hadda 
 munte marlet el tennessar ker el mote. 
 
 1 1 . Wer tiock hu hom, Ber negger munte zer bel el sarfe tar Elias mussea 
 fellermer. 
 
 1 2. Wer hu mellash wer negger hom, Elias be ack zer mussea fellermer 
 wer hu melless coulu negger +iccar, wer comha zer ter sarf ov el Wod der 
 sevvi ender hu carl buze er negger wer sedded hu be yelhem + yeavila. 
 
 13. Mai ane zer bel kar, Elias be Ack artou + artehu, wer gevver hom 
 zer delleyea ov hum com zu ter sarf ov hum. 
 
 14. Wer shar enter mussea ov ariot hum, hu reiyer avviea mergavier 
 cubhe hom, wer el sarfetart enter tiock mis hom. 
 
 15. Wer shar shar coulu souart, shar enter reiyer hom ler hum ter gurrem 
 hom, wer weiyer ov hum ignersar +idnersar hum. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 8. Ber dingets ser hiyer ber zurhu, hand er wond al hiyer Yassus bercur 
 ker ballevateouch garer. 
 
 Q. Enter worredhu ker hamber, hereso aszashu ender hinegger ler bander 
 wond yer hiyer bet negger, yousk el ler wond lig + Igzare lig tennesto 
 ker mote. 
 
 10. Yearn negger hazhu wost er hudhu, ter tiock hand ler hand minder 
 marlet mer tennessar ker mote. 
 
 ] l. Ter tiockhu ler hereso ber negger, Ler minder sarfouch ter negger 
 Elias buffeit hemutarlu. 
 
 12. Hereso mellash ter neggerhu, Elias ber ounet buffeit hemuttal coulu 
 negger hemellasal 1 " asmellasal, indate ter sarf ber ler wond li- f Igzare 
 lig, inder hechillal buze er mucker negger ter sedded ber cunto tberlash. 
 
 13. Ounet anne negger achchu, Elias mutterto ber ounliu, argevverhu 
 ler hereso inder wodalhu inder ter sarf ler hereso. 
 
 14. Yeanigzea mutterto ler ariotho, heiyerho er gig tarlack mergai ier ter 
 cribhu ler sarfouch sertiockhu. 
 
 15. Yeanigzea coulu souch ser hieyer ler hereso ter dingetshu, ter rotal 
 ler hereso ignersarho.
 
 46 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
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 AMHARIC OF ABU RUMI. 
 
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 APPENDIX. 47 
 
 TIG RE OF PEARCE. 
 
 16. Wer hu tiock el sarfe, Munte tiock kar mis liom. 
 
 17. Wer hadda ov el mergavier mellash wer negger, Guity, ane umserku 
 ov anter wod ha + wodane zer arvas gannent. 
 
 18. Wer zer arlu hu wossed hum, hu bettis hum, wer hu affar ov haff 
 wer mis sinne hum wer meumin hu wer ter negger cou t ane ov ariot kar, 
 inder he woutsou hu horn, wer mergebber sarn hom. 
 
 19. Hu mellash hum wer negger, Zer hi armini wargon kinda shar ker 
 sennar mis he yeat com, ou kinda shar ker carl he yeat com ; humsehu 
 ov ane. 
 
 20. Wer humse hom ov hum, wer shar enter reiyer hum, sharshar el 
 gannin subber hum, wer hu wodock ov muddre wer zerreu aftrar ov 
 haft". 
 
 21. Wer hu tiock abbohum kinda zummun zer artou ov wost hum, 
 wer hu megger hu her corler hu. 
 
 22. Wer buze er shar ov houve thouvhe gevver hu wer ov el moi mer- 
 tufterhum, mai enter feletkar mer gebber negger, be niner aszen wer 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 16. Hereso tiock ler sarfouch, Minder ter tiock achchu ler heresu. 
 
 17. Hand ler mergavier mellash ter negger, Gatou, anne armutterto ler 
 anter yer anne wond er lig zerarlu hander dudar gannint + dudar nufs. 
 
 18. Hereso mer wossed erbetho hesubberal ler hereso, aflrertalho tluflalho 
 neckas ber tursho, minminho tmenminal anne ter negger ler ariotho inder 
 hewouttalhu ker hereso, al terchillal thi chillam. 
 
 19. Hereso mellashho ternegger, Wo ler anter alarrain wargon, sint er 
 zummun anne norcal ker anter garer, sint er zummun anne chillalachchu, 
 umter ler anne. 
 
 20. Armetter tasmutterto ler hereso, yeanigzea ler hereso hieyerho, 
 yeanigzea ler gannin cuddedho, wodockho ker mudder indewoswosal tufto. 
 
 21. Hereso ter tiock ler abbartho sint er zummun helh-i'ho yean mutterto 
 ker hereso wost, ter neggerho ber lig ounetho. 
 
 22. Er gig igzea ar gebber ler hereso wost er sart wost ler wor mertnfho 
 1' hereso + merguddel 1' hereso, anter ter chillal enderhun azzen ber anm r 
 aggazho yer anner.
 
 48 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
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 APPENDIX. 49 
 
 TIGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 23. Yassus ter negger, Enter armine kar coulu negger zer coun zer armine 
 hum. 
 
 24. Wer sharshar el abbo ov el corler ter buckey hu wer ter negger mis 
 nivart, Igze ane armine aggas kar ane z' hiarmine. 
 
 25. Shar Yassus reiyer zer el souart mussea ber weiyer amhadda, ter 
 courhe mis el gannin ber negger ov hum, Anter arvas wer tsummum gan- 
 nin ane aszas kar nar woutsou ker hum, wer hit artou dummo ov hum. 
 
 26. Wer el gannin buckhe wer cudded hum wer woutshu ker hum, wer 
 hu newer com zer hadda zer mote ; com zer bel horn, Mote hu hum. 
 
 27. Mai Yassus tuckerbel ber hidhum wer er larl hum, wer hu tinneshu. 
 
 28. Wer shar enter musse horn ov bate ariothum ter tiock hum, be gilde, 
 Le munte niner hi ner carl mer woutshehum. 
 
 29. Wer hu negger ov hom, Zer ineet hi mussea ber calli mai tsollote 
 wer tsomeet. 
 
 30. Wer tennestar ker zeu, wer belief ov markel Galilee : wer hu imbe 
 hadda sevvi enter felet. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 23. Yassus ter negger ler hereso, Berhoun anter ter armine coulu negger 
 hewon ler hereso zer arminho. 
 
 24. Yeanigzea yer lig abbart ter leckasho ter negger incho anvar, Gatou, 
 + Igzi, anne armin, aggaz anter yer anne hi armine. 
 
 25. Yeanigzea Yassus se heiyer ler souch inder himuttal rotal ber hand, 
 ter quoterto ler gannin nufs ter neggerho, Anter dudar duncoro nufs anne 
 aszasho nar wouttou ker hereso, artergebber ler hereso wost ingiddea. 
 
 26. Ler gannin nufs ligho cuddedho ergig wouttertou ker hereso, 
 henebberho inder hander mote; yusk el terneggerhu, Mote ho arlo. 
 
 27. Yassus tuckerbel ber higho astenneser ler hereso, lie artennesho. 
 
 28. Yeanigzea ser gibber wost er bateho, ariotho tiock ler hereso ber 
 quoito, ter minder niner alchellam mer woutterto ler hereso. 
 
 29. Hereso ter negger hu, Yean hinet + barhe himuttam bel er tsollote 
 tsomet ttomeet. 
 
 30. Ker zear hid hu hellefho marl wost er Galilee, hereso alwodan hand 
 er wond mer oqualhu. 
 
 H
 
 50 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
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 APPENDIX. 51 
 
 TIGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 3 1 . Ker ha tummar ariot hum, wer ter negger ov horn, El wod der sr\ \ i 
 + Isgare ter hellefha ov hid souan tsevvian wer hu cuttwail 1m horn, wer en 
 darhe ter cuttwail hum ter larl ttensar el selest tsalsi er marlte. 
 
 32. Mai hi felet hom zer negger wer ferre mer tiock hum. 
 
 S3. Wer hu mussea ov Capernaum wer enter nevverer ov wost el bate 
 hu tiock hom, Munte er barse he yeat com amhadda ber mungard. 
 
 34. Mai suckerbel hom, ker ber mungard ter barse hom mane zer coun 
 el avviea. 
 
 35. Wer hu tackermut wer sover el assertacouletta wer negger ov hom, 
 Zer arlu sevvi dellea fellermer, lou be darhe coulu hecoun wer gibber 
 ler coulu. 
 
 36. Wer tuckerbel hadda corler, wer tuckel hu ov markel hom, wer 
 shar enter tuckerbel hu ov hid hum, hu negger ov hom : 
 
 37. Zerarlu zer tuckerbel hadda comzer corler ber sume ane, tuckerbel 
 hu ane; wer zerarlu zer tuckerbel ane, hi tuckerbel ane mai zume thu 
 zer sedded ane . 
 
 38. Wer Yohannis millash hum ternegger, Guity, reiyer erner hadda zer 
 woutsou er gannent ber ni kar sume, wer hu hi cuttle erner, wer niner 
 suzzes hum kinder zer hi cuttle erner. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 31. Hereso aslummer ler Ariotho ter neggerhu, Ler wond lig + Isgare lig 
 ter setterto ler hig er wondouch inder heguddelho, serguddelho berquarler, 
 hereso hetennessar ber surstinyer cun. 
 
 3.2. Al oker bet neggerho, ter ferrerto inder hineggerhu ler hereso. 
 
 33. Hereso mutterto ler Capernaum, ser nebberho ber wost er bate, 
 tiockho ler heresu, Minderernu yean ter tallerachchu ber mungard. 
 
 34. Coulu zumerbelhu, ber mungard ter tsaller ttalto mane ker couluhu 
 tartack he wonal. 
 
 35. Hereso tackermut tertou tturtou ler asseroulet ter neggerho ler 
 heresu, wond buffeit ber won hefellegarlu, hereso ker coulu ber quarter 
 he wonal, lola ler coulu. 
 
 36. Hander tarnash ascar + lig tuckerbelho, argebber l>er marlhu. 
 Yeanigzea se tuckerbelho wost higho, ter neggerho ler heresu : 
 
 37. Yermeroun mertuckerbel hand indearlu tarnast ascar tlig ber anue 
 smne, 1' anne tuckerbel. Yermeroun 1' anne tuckerbel, 1' anue hi rnekerbel, 
 hereso ser sedded 1' anne. 
 
 38. Yohannis mellashho ter negger, Gatou, hieyerner hand ser wouttou 
 Satan t gannent ber anter sume, al ter cuttle ler aner + anner terguzzesho 
 aimer ler hereso, inder alcuttle ler aimer.
 
 52 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
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 *a : nTKij?, : ArhE : ^/h^A : A£-7 : a>.PiWJ°p) : or fit : 4>ap : 
 a/hC : : (D'h^i : ^.eyi : Fhftii-Yi : 9°^ : .PAEivn : w-td : 2\£- : 
 i-ax : arrri* : /h^a)^ : 'K f i af t-rYh : arhi* : "h-i-i- : 7yj9° : 9°fi a : 
 5ia Air? : ^ctyi : -*n : "A-vt : Ajem^'h : cdosu- : KRiarv° : : 
 (D7\ OT i : 7\°?cn : ^iiftr™ : go^ : (D7.r*4.: "Agom : jzl.erm : 
 /h"5?iivn : ^a"K : arfi-r : /h^a>^ : xg^ax : 9°h a : "ft a aits : 
 :A7<m : arhi- : 7y*7° : arh-r : "h^t : HAjEm^.x : -in : osi> : A. 
 
 AMHARIC OF ABU RUMI. 
 
 *t- : : nh ^ : aqw : -jjba : ^pn^ : p°q.£7C : PA9°£" : ni : ft& : : ha 
 "it : paqj2Jiw : u-a : nMI- : 3<^ : iar£" : : i?<p : (£ri> : .pmivw : 
 nrt oq, : A5icfi*h : X'Jjeiyf^u- :: "hars^ : "K a^-j. ai> : Y3ar : 7\1E 
 jpm4. : : jPiYOEg : a^e,"? : yiah.« : th^tt : m : y m ^fi : : .EhA 
 T a : proven. : e*?2.p : aTJ* : A£*ci : a>p. : a/hC : aa)£*3> : : 'hg-Ti 
 qo : -nrrhW : q^'n^ : : jk^a^a?: cde : /h£(D^ : -n^7a : a"?£* : 
 'K^r : i> A^- : "h^ : f-cu : cde : 7V sg° : fitithg: : <DE°qm4, : fcrt* : : 
 ^a : paq^q"^ : : x>vt:«jo : paq.sm4, : : mcwi : -nirfi^i : <t* 
 d(T\*r ::<dr: rhjea)^ : -n^a : &\ a^a^ : A^-i- : ato-i : imu : : 
 i>a^ : X°2C : kcu : a>E : 7V 5«J° : smq : : cde : aqm4,ar : x-*i^ : : 
 *r a : paq^qp^ : x-*!* : poqjKmd, : : ^jeT^iq : -fl j-h^u : Aar^n
 
 APPENDIX. 53 
 
 TIGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 3g. Mai Yassus ter negger, Hi 't er guzzes hum ker yeavila hadda sewi 
 zer gebber avieyea negger be sume ane, zer carl mer negger nishta itiat 
 ov ane. 
 
 40. Ker hu zer hi tsalli ner mis niner. 
 
 4 1 . Ker zerarlu zer hev kar fingal moi ner setta ov sume ane, kinder 
 zer heyeatcom ne Christos, ack ane negger he yeatcom, hn hi tiffer 
 worrarler. 
 
 42. Wer zer arlu zer hev hadda zume er nishta zer armine ov ane, he 
 esh le hum hadda muttarn ter suckkel ov marger hum wer ter taller 
 twergerhu ov el barhe. 
 
 43. Wer enter buddel kar hid kar, quorets hu : hi esh er kar ler anter 
 mer artou ov nufs ber ankass, ker enter arlu couletta hid mer ked ler 
 gannam ov wost el home zer arlem hi tuffer. 
 
 44. Zer assicar horn zer hi mote, wer el houve zer hi tuffer. 
 
 45. Wer enter iggre kar ter buddel kar, quorets hu : hi esh er kar ler 
 artou ankass ov nufs ker enter arlu couletta iggre mer artou twogererhu 
 ov wost gannam ov wost houve zer arlem hi tuffer. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 39. Yassus ternegger, Arteguzzesho, yerhinore hand er wond tarlack 
 negger mer arderergo ber anne sume, ber ticket negger he souerho caffu ler 
 anne. 
 
 40. Hereso al ter talto 1' anner ker niner hewone. 
 
 41 . Yermeroun 1' anter mer set fingal wor mer tutter ber anne sume, eerier 
 Cristos wargon berounachchu, ounet anne neggerachchu, hereso hi tuffar 
 worrartho. 
 
 42. Yermeroun merasquotter hander year tarnash ascarouch zer armine 
 ler anne, ber shellal ler hereso hander wofehou ter asser ker ungut thun- 
 gutho ter taller ker bar. 
 
 43. Yer anter hig ber asquotter tbuddelal ler anter, quoretho, he shellal 
 ler anter mer gibber ler nuts ber hankas, ker mer hid ler gannan ber oulet 
 hig wost er sart zer ler arlem hi tiffar ttufter. 
 
 44. Yean ler til hi motehu, ler sart hi tuffer. 
 
 45. Yer anter igger buddelal ler anter, quoretho, he shellal ler anter 
 mergibber ler nufs ber ankas er ker mer gibber ler gannam ber oulet igger 
 wost er sart zer ler arlem mer hi won mer tuffer.
 
 54 APPENDIX. 
 
 ETHIOPIC VERSION. 
 
 .Ejargo : a>x«*i-fc : Ajem^x :: Wh™i. : vigift : Ffi/h-i-Yi : «?«a 
 *h : .pljEiYQ : f s^yi : ^ax : (dyi-i- : 003^^ : x?H.x-nrfibC : x 
 •Wax : «J°hA : ftAAu"? : AOjEStn : arht- :7yjq° : hx>*i^ : : -$ 
 n : osu- : A^Eiarqo : ox-i* : Ajem/p\ : : Xfr 00 : ayy- a : n^l- ■' 
 .EOTi&fhjD : am- a: H.E/nfi'i : [YK^rf : jEl'OR.^ih : : UK.E : arx-t: 
 ^ar : ©x^ : : (DX 00 !! : sar : Afirh : ns "^ : X"m : .E*h*ro* : : 
 sa) : xsn icnn: nn.E£ v tft a o* : (dtukacd* : : 
 
 AMHARIC OF ABU RUMI. 
 
 t : : (D£ : od^^t^. : x°?KA-nrfi,c : -n^7a : &\tfr &? : : a^ : p, 
 #3 : : u-a^- : o,^ : J*cu : a)£ : X«-i^ : iv 5«J° : ft^a : : ^ a : p«q.E 
 qo^- : x^+q° : p°q^m4, : : u- a : n^l* : .E^v^ni a : : od^j^o ^9° : 
 u*a : ncaar : .e^ a a : : caar : ao&YVJ : sar : : ca(D^ : poq.P'n^.'P : 
 yiit? : n«J°? : .e^ti a : : iwj j-^u- : reicD- : .EiK? : : XCiV : nc^ 
 ^i>qa : ni*iA9° : -m^ : :
 
 APPENDIX. 55 
 
 TJGRE OF PEARCE. 
 
 46. Zer assicar horn hi mote, wer el houve zer hi tuffer. 
 
 47. Wer enter ine kar buddel kar, bockcos Iiu : hi esh er kar mer artou ov 
 wost el negustart Isgare mis hadda ine enter arlu couletta ine mer 
 wogerer ov wost gannam houve. 
 
 48. Zer assicar horn hi mote, wer el houve zer hi tuffer. 
 
 49. Ker coulu hadda ter chouhu mis houve, wer coulu mistre ter chouhu 
 mis chou. 
 
 50. Chou subbuck, mai el chou enter tuffer ile ni chou hu her zear hi 
 tuffet hu arder chou ov wost er kar tkume, wer arder armarn hadda mis 
 hadda tamhadda. 
 
 AMHARIC OF PEARCE. 
 
 46. Yean ler til hi motehu, ler sart hi tuffer. 
 
 47. Ineho ber buddelho, aswottou : he shellal ler anter mergibber wost 
 ler negustart Igzare ler hander ine, ker oulet ine mer gibber wost er 
 gannam sart. 
 
 48. Yean ler til hi motehu, ler sart hi tuffer. 
 
 49. Ker coulu hand ter lousehu ber sart, coulu musswort ter loushu 
 ber chou. 
 
 50. Chou malcom, enter chou ar tuffer ler chouount mer tuffet ber 
 minder ter tuffet achchu arnore chou ber wost achchu, arnore armarn hand 
 ler hand.
 
 56 APPENDIX. 
 
 In order to render Mr. Pearce's Versions more intelligible, I have 
 attempted to exhibit Specimens of them in the Ethiopic Character. It 
 appears that he has not only deviated widely from analogy in his ortho- 
 graphy, but has also made numerous grammatical errors, and violated 
 the idiom of the language, in attempting to render each word and particle 
 in the English Version, from which he translated, by a corresponding 
 one in Tigre or Amharic. Sometimes also he seems to have forgotten, or to 
 have been ignorant of, certain forms or expressions which should have been 
 introduced. For instance, in his Amharic Version, there is scarcely a 
 copulative or disjunctive particle in the whole chapter, not even the conjunc- 
 tion and. Supported by the authority of Abu Rumi, I feel that I may 
 make such remarks as these, without incurring the charge of presumption. 
 But, at the same time, there is reason to believe that Mr. Pearce has 
 accurately expressed the native pronunciation ; and it is possible that, in 
 the rapidity of colloquial communication, many of the characteristics of 
 particular inflexion may be lost, and so have disappeared also from Mr. 
 Pearce's Versions. We know that in Syriac the sound of the vowel which 
 distinguishes the third person plural from the third person singular, in the 
 preterite of verbs, is lost, even in more solemn and deliberate reading. Yet 
 if similar cases were at all of frequent occurrence in Amharic, the 
 circumstance would not have escaped the inquisitive and indefatigable 
 research of Ludolf. 
 
 TIGRE. 
 
 i. a)l^:^d:'5•nu , q D :nfh*:AJ:>i«c t n:HUA■:rh^:rhEU ,, J l, : 
 Hn/v- : -J-rmp : HAje'nO'ro- : -s-n : q°^ : hHE^ARq : ik& : 
 ■?7TO^* : -s-n : MH.A-n/h,c : tt*t- : ****&& : wri : -S.E& : : 
 
 2. (dec* : ft.R-rt-t- : rouk-p : Pfrft : (DfiR : 9 D i*iU- , J D : A'PCft : 
 a).P03>-fi : a)P-/h3h : (D< ro crf\U ,, J D : aoa : -*-n : /h£ : uaje : 
 A«j«q : [\n&\jv° : ©-PAarm : i-n : fR-^u^ : :
 
 APPENDIX. 07 
 
 3. amj^UMJ : -rad'P : An* : *0£ : n^ : n^.^ : nKig : up 
 
 4. (ph^^a : -ww* : A,A.Pfi : ^ft : "o-ri. : (D-r*7<.ir q° : q°rt : 
 
 5. (DA/Pcn : ^An : (D^nt : i-n : PiVfi : 2-fc : *Hivn"?i$ : ^h'h 
 i : -i-fmp : amSfi^ : X£ : wtxftt- : rfi£ : a att : (Ddi 
 
 £ : A^ro-i-i, : (Drh£ : A A A.Ph I \ 
 
 6. Yiih : a.^a'P : wi-r : OT f ic. : nft-A : -s-nuqu : -n-T«j» : ^ 
 
 ;. (DH*n<; : rh£ : s™£ : /*v\a : m-n^us 15 : cdae : E^s : m x 
 A : nx ae*"^ : t-nd : ti p : 3^(D s : a> aj^p : fi^u^" : : 
 
 3. a>njp/576 : hX'J'r : .E^XBgo : hi+cp : A/1-cxp : ivnA : *a 
 ax : Pfrh : n<PC : q°fiif q° : njE"?i> : : 
 
 9. (DXTf : cd^e/p : yixaa^q : u- : ^ndu^ : X3£ : hjzn 
 <, : ivnx : hcxr 1 * : J7C : mxacdae : n-nx : -fs^a : *nXA 
 
 io. (DA-ShW : wic : -i-aarh^uq : X"?-r : mp<£ : rh£ : Wi : 
 /hjp. : «j d '?+ : aq a^ : xa-t *Wi : riXAq ^ : : 
 
 AMHARIC. 
 
 i. xci^:+ra:AXcnar:xar$^:Xi:xn^i>:TiH..P:AA: 
 h* 01 ? a : : .p.pftnioD. : Aq°^ : XfiYi : t ap : awto^ : X°?h. 
 A-nrh,c : an/^^ : m.EA : 36* : : 
 
 2. h^h-r : #■? : rvj.A : Pr'ifi : <Dhg : nA^ : A^cfi : ^o*-fl : 
 Pvh"?fr : ™d didr : A£ : ariVr : A*5£ : ^£-9° : A9°a : -nip : x 
 C^ar : goAft : -fACD-m : n^-t : : 
 
 3. A-niv^nd^ix^^^i-A^in^^rA^in^^iYiqo 
 
 g-c : n a^at° : ^seckd* : : 
 
 4 . poDcp.^ : axciw : AA.Pfr : Tiro-ii. : ?£- : -t^^ : yipjVi 1 ! : 
 
 5. ATCfi : OT Ai*i : ■t-ra : apiY* : 7+ : ™ts*\w : "?<h? : yihj? :
 
 58 APPENDIX. 
 
 oucffe.E : Ih^ : Ptit- : -i<\^ : ATE- : AA3-1- : KiRr : fY 00 **. : A"? 
 
 7 .Ei-nc : AIR : E^s" : /\"?£ : K/\(\ : A£^7ar : air : £-g«G : <ro 
 
 'F* : t narfii- : e 01 ^ : ^*°?c : PXt : *™<srzR- : & £- : h*ro*(D* : : 
 
 s. n£-33S : hAR : ni+<, : Xig : Wig- : a&ap : Pi^fi : n*c : n 
 
 g. xsi- : a)<x : yi Aq»a : xci^ : ahh^u- : X3£ : Aj2?°?<. : /v A^: 
 (D"5£- : parh^ : nc : xrm : /va)"?^ : &£• : -t* tw-t : Yiq ^ : 
 io. p-j : ?7C : jPhh : ami- : tf£, : -rm.E<l>(D- : A"?£- : A A"?£- : 9°^
 
 APPENDIX. 5!) 
 
 IN CAPUT NONUM EVANGELII S. MARCI 
 
 E VERSIONE AMHAEtICA AB ABU RUMI CONFECTA 
 
 PRAXIS GRAMMATICA. 
 
 1 AA^CD^:] Et dixit Mis. Radix Bilitera, AAI Dixit. ^dT'. (rarius 
 T'FQX": Ludolfo Y"? 1 :) est pronomen affixum 3 pers. pkir. quod vocalem 
 praecedentem in quartum ordinem transfert. 9°: Conjunctio postfixa, Et. 
 
 1- Xd^Ji^:] Certo. Norn, subst. Fides, Veritas. Ludolfo A-i^l Hie 
 autem adverbialiter ponitur, per ellipsin praepositionis A I 
 
 3. 'AA^'iAU* '. ] Vobis flico. Vox composita ex XA^lh: AAU*I (Scrip- 
 sisset Ludolfus 7\A.^f"^s '. A A'Ss '.) Litera autem gutturalis A I in quarti 
 ordinis vocalem pro more absorbetur, quae cum vocali praecedente se- 
 cundi ordinis, diphthongum efficit: cum vero UI diphthongi non sit capax, 
 in literam cognatam *} I mutatur, unde ex thA fit "& '. (Affixum ^fU* : 
 nunquam alias in versione nostra per •$ ; scribitur.) Deinde ifrA^HJ*.' 
 Vobis, ex "AA '. Ad, Versus, et pronom. affix. 2 pers. plur. ^fU« ; com- 
 posita est, vocali praecedente in quartum ordinem ob affixum translate. 
 AAl> I Dixi; a rati. A A '. est 1 pers. sing, preeteriti, quae apud Ludolfum 
 in ^1 terminatur. 
 
 .i.YlH.^Jl] ffic. Adverbium. ^HTSiI Ludolfo, quern vide, Lexic. Amhar. 
 in voc. H,^i : 
 
 5. Yl4 >OD ' J l"l] Ex iis qui stant. Yl I praepositio prsefixa, Ex. Deinde 
 relativum P ] pro more omittitur, seu potius celeris proinmciationis vitio in 
 literam praecedentem absorbetur, et <poo* ; 3 pers. plur. praet. a rad. 
 <j>OD; Stelit. f \^\ affixum pronominale 3 pers. sing.; sed sa-pissime 
 verbis in 3 pers. plur. otiose, ut hie, additur; she pleonastic^, sive eupho- 
 nic gratia.
 
 (JO APPENDIX. 
 
 6. I'lJD^'l] Homines. (Latine diceres Quidam.) Pluralis regulariter a nomine 
 frOF'. Homo, formatus. 
 
 7. A/V".] Sunt. 3 pers. plur. prset. ab eadem rad. AAI de qua supra. Ha- 
 bet enim siguificationes diversas duas, 1. Dixit. 1. Est. 
 
 8. qo-^"?:] Mortem. A nom. subst. *$**£'. Mors. f'. accusativi nota est. 
 
 9 P al i.E < i >, T D lVl*:] Qui non gnstabunt. p; relativum est; quod verbis 
 praefixum 9°: plerumque adsciscit, et fit pqo; (Hasce literas Ludolfus pro 
 participii prseformativis accepit; minus accurate). Deinde oq; pro qu; 
 scribitur, qudd particula negativa A I utpote quae litera gutturalis sit, in vo- 
 calem quarti ordinis absorbeatur. £<I > q D lV. 3 pers. plur. fat. a rad. cpro 
 j 1 !". Gustavit. De affixo f t" m vid. supra, n. 5. 
 
 10. !AlYfl..PP '. K?£ft "•] Donee viderint. Binae istae particulae, "Ah^ll nempe 
 praecedens, et $£d.t\\ subsequens, conjunctimpro adverbio Donee usurpan- 
 tur. Ad literam, Usque ad horam adventus, significare possint, nam JE^fl '. 
 est a rad. ££i*i : Attigit, Advenit. "Kh^ll autem, sequente, ut saepius fit, 
 _g praeformativa 3 pers. fut., earn absorbet, et /■yfrYl.: scribitur. Eadem 
 forma et hie occurrit, sed minus regulariter, ante JP: Hoc autem etin aliis 
 praefixis, et in lingua etiam iEthiopica accidit. Deinde, .PP: est pro .EAP : 
 s. PARI absorpta pro more litera gutturali, 3 pers. plur. fut. a rad. API 
 
 (Ludolfo /hP VidlL 
 
 1 1 . oo^yu^ ; ■h°2H,A'fl/h>C '.] Regnnm Domini. Phrasis et voces mere 
 JEtbiopica?. 
 
 2 fi^troni ;] Veniens : ad literam, Cum veniut. h : particula praefixa, ejus- 
 dem significationis cum .Ethiopica tiiVW (vid. Lud. Lex. .Ethiop. in voc. 
 /V?H ".) • ; l' tnj n\ ; est 3 pers. sing. fem. fut. a rad. aoa\ ; s. dd^ ; Vcnit. 
 Obiter autem notandum qudd literae fll '. A I et e \ in lingua Amharica 
 saepissime inter se mutuo convertantur. 
 
 fl^£v:] Inpotentia. fl \ praepositio praefixa, In. -J.E£v : nomen Mh\- 
 ' opicum, Vis, Robur: item, Opus stnpendum, Miraeulum. 
 t f\tiR'fl*t' '. 4 , ^9 D '. fVjA :] Et post sex dies. Notanda vocum collocatio, 
 quae talis est, Quaw sex dies-et post. fViA I Post; adverbium est efl 
 et-J/V. (vid. Lud. Lev. Amhar. voc. -£/\:) compositum, et cum particula 
 Yl sequente construitur, quaeidcirco adjectivo numerali hJP/iVl*: praefigitur.
 
 APPENDIX. G | 
 
 4*39° : Norn, subst. 4>^: Dies, conjunctione go; postfixa, de qua vid. 
 n. i. supra, 
 
 15. (Pl*l£:] Assumpsit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 16. PlVfl '.] Jesus. Contractum ex iEthiopico A.Pjft»i*i I 
 
 17- A'PCiVJ:] Petrum. Nom. propr. in accusativo; vid. n. 8. 
 
 18. PO^-n^ 1 ? : P-rh'f h^Q 11 1 ] EtJacobum, et Joannem. Nomina propria 
 
 in accusativo, addita utrique conjunctione go; 
 19-(D£:] Versus. Praepositio separabilis, aliquando tamen cum voce se- 
 
 quente coalescens, praesertim cum a litera gutturali incipiat. 
 20.0^*9°:] Excclsum. Ludolfi ^T^qo; Longus, ejusdem est originis. 
 11. r V^^¥ i 'J\ Et monlem. Nom. subst. r f&&*'. Mons, cum conjunctione 
 
 qo; 
 
 22. ACDTVFGF" I ] Echtxit cos. ACD^l '. est 3 pers. sing. praet. conj. II. a rad. 
 (D^i: s. (P9: Exiit. De aftixo ^dp'. vid. num. 1. 
 
 23. /VillFHrdF I ] Seorsum. Vox ■fl^fl Solus, est e numero adjectivorum 
 quae " affixa personalia ad significandas personas requirunt ;" unde dicituf 
 
 •n^F^i: Tu solus, •n^ar: Illc solus > •flS^ar: 1Ui soli - (Ladoif. 
 
 Gramm. Ambar. Lib. VI. Cap. ii. 3.). Deinde praepositio t\\ proetixa earn 
 \ ira habere videtur q. d. In locum ubi soli esscnt. 
 24 't'ACDfliqo ; ] Et transfommatus est. 3 pers. sing, praet. Conj. III. 
 a rad. ACDffl ! Ludolfo Dissolvit: a qua quidem significatione trans- 
 formandi notio facile deducitur. De conjunctione go ; utpote jam satis 
 nota, plura non adjiciemus. 
 
 £\&m 'X'TdP '. ] I>i conspectu eorum. [\\ praepositio est, In. &/f'. nom. 
 subst. Fades, Conspectus. ^(D 1 ". vocali quarti ordinis praecedente, aflixum 
 personale et possessivum. (n. 1 .) 
 
 26. k-fliVJ :] Et vestis ejus. Nom. iEthiop. femin. £vflh: Vest is, Vesti- 
 tus, cum aflixo ' u', ejus. 
 
 27. Itfr '. U*£ I ] Ea deveniente alba. JCp»; (Lud. J^fl-rh I) nom. adject. Albus, a. 
 tK". est infinitivus participiabs, a rad. Ifil (Lud. •W: et "?•$:) Fuit, 
 Foetus est. Infinitivus regularis est, ut apud Ludolfum, (Gr. Amh. L. II. 
 Cap. xii. 21.) tm \J'i'. sed forma quam ille recte participialem in alus 
 conjugationibus appellavit, (ib. Cap. xiii. not. et Cap. xiv. 4.) est l>"j: 
 
 <i 
 
 'Id.
 
 62 APPENDIX. 
 
 Italice essentia. Nunquam autem sine affixo pronomine, quantum observavi, 
 usurpatur. In 3 pers. sing, habemus U-£° ; essendo egli, IM"; essendo ella, 
 ut in hoc loco legitur, ob nomen femininum A.-flrt ; \ Notandum autem 
 qudd omnes conjugationes et omnia verborum genera infinitivos suos par- 
 ticipiales habeant, quod Ludolfus ob librorum Amharicorum inopiam, non 
 satis perspexerat. 
 
 28. 'fl£vCp> I -fl£vEp> '. ^fv '. iCld/f"'. ] Mirum in modum augeri pergebat. Phra- 
 sis ista, cum praecedente conjuncta, hunc sensum efficit, Vestis ejus valde 
 incandescebat. Ut singula expendamus, f Cld^'. est 3 pers. sing. fern, praet. 
 a rad. 5(\C. Fait, cum nomine ft.*flrt; genere concordans. Verbum 
 autem l(\d. '. sequente (ut h. 1.) subjunctivo, saepissime usurpatur ad eundem 
 modum ac Latine dicitur, ' Factum est ut incandesceret :' nee tamen eadem 
 prorsus significatione, quippe sensum pergendi et continuandi includere 
 videtur. Haud absimilis ut usus Arabici J6. Deinde -TIA.EP' ; est a 
 AAfli: velflAA: Major fuit, litera flIIinCO.: liquescente (vid. Lud. 
 Gr. Amh. II. iv. 7.) et "^ft. '. fern, a verbo defectivo _Eft. ; Dicet, Dicat. 
 Jam vero notum est, verba dicendi apud Habessinos singulari plane modo 
 cum particulis conjungi, ut "H^lAA: Dixit, St! pro Siluit: "hq°[\; 
 At\.'. Dixit, Non; pro, Recusavit: et hujusmodi est phrasis ista, •flfvCp-; 
 *t*l\ '. Dicat, Magis; pro, Augeatur. Vocis autem -flft.^ \ repetitio inten- 
 siva est, unde verti, Mirum in modum. 
 
 Omnino ha?c tota clausula e diflicilioribus est. 
 
 29. 7v?£l] Sicut. Adverbium. 
 
 30. f\£R'.] Grando. Nora, subst. Hie pro Nive. 
 
 3 1 . A9H. '. ] Fullo. Ludolfo est fh^O. '. Lotor, sed hie abolute pro, Lotor 
 vestium, Fullo. 
 
 32. P 01 } P/fA I ] Ita ut nonpossit. De praefixo pot} ; vid. sup. n. 9. P/T-fv ! 
 (quae quidem forma apud Ludolfum non extat) est 3 pers. sing. fut. vel 
 subjunct. a rad. Bilit. ^Ft\.'. Potuit. Notandum autem quod relativum PJ 
 constructionem hie habeat peculiarem, et Latine per adverbium vel conjunc- 
 tionem, ut videtur, reddendum est. 
 
 33. fl^F^C*. AJE :] Super terram. gop^Cl Terra. Particula t\g\ cum f\\ 
 composita, praepositionem efficit. Habemus igitur f\t\g'. Super, ut jQ"i,
 
 APPENDIX. (J3 
 
 t\; Post, (n. 14); seel substantivum quod a praepositione regitiir pleramque 
 interponi solet, ut hk «?«£.£; (Vid. Lud. Gr. Amh. VI. v. 1.). 
 
 34. iffr.pga : HS£- I] Ut albam faciat. De }tp-: vid. sup. n. 27. 
 FRC*l: 3 pers. sing. int. Conj. II. ab ARdT. Fecit, quod in prima con- 
 jugation niihi nondum occurrit. H*?P^: It, conjunctio, qua' verbis post- 
 ponitur, ut et aliae multie particulae qua* in ceteris Unguis prtsponi solent. 
 Construetio autem a verbo JE^ft. ! Possit, dependet: q.d. Possit til facial. 
 pro, Possit facere. 
 
 35. 'KlRCtt* \] In istum modum. Vox composita ex "K'fg '. Sicut, et 
 J\C.tt-'. Hie, elisa primi ordinis gutturali. Hlc autem adverbialiter acci- 
 pienda est; si enim ad nomen fern, fvflft : referendum esset pronomen, 
 scribendum fuisset "K^PJCflY I Sicut ilia. 
 
 36. *t*?/VA : ] Apparuit. Arad.-7AA: Dete.vit. Conj. III. Notandum 
 autem quod versus initium asyndeton sit, quae quidem construetio fre- 
 quentis est usus. 
 
 37- ?VT (D* :] Eis. E praepositione A : Ad, et affixo H 1 dX" : (n. 1 .) composition. 
 
 38. A>£iJPill] Elias. Nom. propr. 
 
 39. Yl 00 *!*!. I 71&- ■] Unit cum Mose. 00*1*1,; nomen propr. est, Moses. Par- 
 ticulapd-: cum *£!'. construitur, ut t\g: cum HI (n. 33.) nomine sub- 
 stantivo interposito, et significat, Una cum. 
 
 40. g^lt^F* : 5H<. I] Et hquebantur. gTld^ ". 3 pers. plur. fut. a -fTte ; 
 Locutusest; quod a rad. Yld. '. Narravit. Retinet autem formam octavae 
 conjugationis /Etbiopicae. JfUJ.". est a rad. if\d.\ Fuit, de cujus con- 
 structione vid. n. 28. 
 
 4 1 • YIP ffrfl '. "P&- '. ] Unci cum Jesu. Vid. n. 39. 
 
 42. OD/\fi;] Rcspondit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 43. PiVfrJO •] Et Jesum. Accusativus a nomine PiVfi '. addita conjunc- 
 tione tfo ; Regitur a verbo sequente A/V I Dixit, allocutus est. 
 
 44. troqo/ht; ; (J£ ;] O magister ! auqo /h£: nom. subst. a rad. t™(f\d. '. 
 s. ODU^: Docuit. UJ£'. interjectio appellandi, postposita ; Arabics? t 
 respondens. Ludolfus ^.E '. scribit et perperam Meus interpretatur. In 
 universum autem notandum est, qudd pro Ludolti •? I et "fi : Abu-Rumi 
 fere semper U ; scribat.
 
 <)4 APPENDIX. 
 
 45 - jKIT?:] Valde. Adverbium, quod et adjective pro Mulius, Multi, ali- 
 
 quando accipitur. 
 46.00^^90;] Sonum. Adjectivum. Ludolfo, Pulc/ier, Formosus. 
 
 47. i(D*'.] Est. Verbum anomalum, de quo Ludolf. Gr. Arah. II. xviii. 8; 
 
 48. YlH.{J '] H IC - Vid. supra, n. 4. 
 
 49. •fl"?4> CTD/ P '.] Ut consideamus. -fl ; verbis praefixa, plerumque Si significat; 
 hie autem vim fere eandera habet, quae plerumque particulis /\"J,E ■ praepo- 
 sitse, H"?i?" '. postpositae, tribuitur, scil. Ut, Quod. Possit tamen et hie per 
 Si rod. Deinde "$cj>ao/p ; est 1 pers. plur. fut. a T<I>aufn : Consedit, 
 quod tertia? conjugationis est. In prima mihi nondum occurrit. 
 
 50 J* , i*l J lt*Q D l£l*i;l Et tria tabemacula. Numerale jfifi^i*: apud Ludolfum 
 habes, substantivum £fi '. non item. 
 
 5i.3vJh<J-:] Exstmamus. 1 pers. plur. subjunct. a rad. fuJ,: (Ludolfo 
 UJJ,:) Laboravit, Laborando confecit, pec. JEdificavit. Prima autem per- 
 sona pluralis in futuro, praesenti, et subjunctivo, habet saepissime duas 
 preformativas "&f '. pro sola "2 '. . Hoc Ludolfus nondum observaverat. 
 
 52. fli^t"'.] Tibi. E praepos. /\ : et pronomine personali A^i"! Tu, compo- 
 situm. Litera autem gutturalis A ". in vocalem longam absorpta est. 
 
 Ne vero durior videatur talis gutturalium absorptio, notandum est quod 
 plerumque non nisi Uteris A I et U I accidat, qua? in pronunciatione vim 
 consonantium vix habent. Quod autem frequentissimi sit usiis, id ex eo 
 oritur, quod voces plurimae, iEthiopice per U '. ffl '. aut •$ ". scriptae, ab Abu 
 Rumi per A '. scribantur. 
 
 53. h"iR"^\ Unum. Numerale; Ludolfo /h*?JT '. 
 
 54 A^iW 1 1 KIR- '. AAft.PiW I KIR I] Et Mosi unum, et Elia unum. 
 Omnia expeditu facilia. 
 
 55 paq/Yfl^-j:] Quidei diceret. Pro PQDJE/Vd^^ '. quod ex JEft/. verbo 
 defectivo, Dicat, dicet, &c. ft.: autem in A", ob affixum <&*'. Eum, 
 transfertur. Deinde pqo; relativum est (n. 9.) et fl nota accusativi, quia 
 a verbo .Eft", regitur. De "J*, accusativi verbis postfixa, vid. Lud. Gr. 
 Amh. VI. i. 6. 
 
 5 6 AjPOT^qof:] Nam non sciebat. Verbum ?Wr<P '. est 3 pers. sing. fut. 
 a rad. A(D4> '. s. 0(D4> : Scivit, prima radicali absorpta (vid. Lud. in voc.
 
 APPENDIX. C) r t 
 
 0<D<I> :) A.' praefixa cum suffixa qu ; conjunctim negativam efficiunt (Lud. 
 Gr. Amh. V. i. 9.) DeniqueS*; postfixa conjunctio causalis, Nam. Ali- 
 quando etiam copulativa est. 
 
 57- l*l/\:] Quia. Plerumque praepositio est, Propter, hte vero pro eonjunc- 
 tione accipi videtur. 
 
 58. «5.<,:] Metuerunt. 3 pers. plur. praet. a rad. «£.£.: (Lud. &£ I) Metuit. 
 
 59. R 00 ?*! :] jE< nubes. Norn, subst. £oii£; Afrfo. 
 
 60. ridrCT^ d>- : iCiC. :] Obtegebut cos. }[\C : Irregulariter pro iCid. : 
 Fuit, ultima vocali, ut in quotidiana pronuntiatione, ita et in scriptis, 
 omissa. De constructione verbi i[\C '. cum futuro, diximus, n. 28. jam 
 vero notandum quod eodem fere modo etiam cum Iniinitivo Participiali 
 construatur. rtQTCY^ <SP '. autem infinitivus participialis est a rad. 
 fl(D£'. Celavit, cum affixo T^OF! Eos. Forma enim hujus infinitivi 
 talis est ; a n(D<: \ , fid^C : , a <5/t*$ \ d^"? '. , a gou^ ; £90^ ; (vid. 
 Lud. Lex. Amh. voc. TT at) ^ '.) etin aliisconjugationibus praefiguntur literae 
 characteristics, ut a 'fr&.W.* 'Iv3/t*'$:, ab Ah&gaa : . Ah4>J^*q°: 
 Cum vero nunquam sine affixo pronominali occurrat, saepius adverbii per- 
 sonalis formam induit, qualem exposuit Ludolfus, Gr. Amh. II. xvi. Omnino 
 formam ejus et constructionem nondum satis mihi perspexisse videor. 
 
 61 . Tl^ aD ^ , J D : ] Et enube. Yl : praepositio praefixa,.Ea?. J^ 00 ^*: vid. sub n.59. 
 
 62. JJ" l J D £l] Soniins. Norn, subst. /Ethiopicum. 
 
 63. aux;] Venit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 64. /\"5^UI] In hunc mod um. Adverbium : Ludolfo "Kfg^ii '. quern vide, 
 Lex. Amh. in voc. 
 
 60. I*LA"] Dicens. Est pro ftJKA. '. ad literam, Cum diteret. Accurate re- 
 spondet yEthiopico "A^H '. J£'ftt\'. De verbo £&: autem vid. n. 28. 55 ; 
 et de praefixa fil n. 12. 
 
 66. .EUI] Hie. Pronomen demonstrativum, Ludolfo J2"fi: 
 De sequente voce Hfi? ] Est, vid. n. 47. 
 
 67. P'PCD.Ear :] Qucmumo. De P«ju : relativo vid. n. 9. Deinde, (D.K I 
 est pro X(D.t^ I X sexti ordinis pro more elisa, et £• I in £ ; ob affixum 
 On translate, ut in n. 55. "&(DK". autem est 1 pers. sing. fat. a rad. 
 
 K
 
 C6 APPENDIX. 
 
 CDPJ?: Amavit. (Lud. Gr. Amh. II. xi.) Pronomen Qy '. post relativum 
 pleonastice ponitur, ut et in cseteris linguis Orientalibus. 
 
 68. 4lj£l] Filius meus. Nomen t\$Z". Filius, affixa ' e ' quinti ordinis, qua; 
 pronomen possessivum est, Meus. 
 
 69. fiOO"?f- ;] Auditeeum. 2 pers. plur. imperat. a rad. i^aq ; Audiit; cum 
 affixo *f '. quod Ludolfus neutrum esse dixit, sed masculinum etiam est, et, 
 praecedente vocali ordinis quarti, femininum. 
 
 70. K m 'i'l f t' t I :] Et repente. Ex errore aut corruptione pro JE^ni* 1 ? I 
 Adverbium a rad. giltti I s. £17^ : Turbatus fuit. 
 
 71.1+^ OX 1 :] Circumcirca. Adverb, a rad. H£: Circumqnaque ivit, Obambu- 
 lavit. Adverbia autem saepe adsciscunt in fine vocalem ' u,' aut literam 
 (J)-; Vocalem 'u' observaverat Ludolfus (Gr. Amh. V. i. 10.) 
 
 72. AR :] Respexerunt. 3 pers. plur. praet. a rad. API (Lud. /hP '.) Vidit. 
 
 73. 0, Ji : ? , ^ l, '. AA.BQ I] Et neminem viderunt. Pronomen oq'J '. Quis, facit in 
 accusativo OQJ"? ; Cum qo ; suffixa significat, Quilibct, Aliquis. Deinde 
 
 AAvPqo : est pro Aft AB9° .' Non viderunt. Negativa Aft. 9° : 
 
 ejusdem formae est ac A 9° .' n. 56. et AB I sub numero proxime prae- 
 cedente expositum videas. Constructio autem talis, Quemlibet non vide- 
 runt, pro, Neminem viderunt, in Unguis Orientalibus satis nota est . 
 
 74. YlPl^h I YMllFQ}* : i\<PC. I] Nisi Jesum solum. Nomina PiVil : et 
 'fl^FOy : (n. 1 6. 23.) jam nota sunt. n4»C I adverbialiter usurpatur, plerum- 
 que cum praepositione Yl " Constructio autem et significatio ejus exemplis 
 melius patebit. Matth. xi. 27. " Et nemo novit Filium YlA-fl : CY&C. '. 
 nisi units Pater." Ita h.l. " Neminem viderunt YlPlVh '. fl^C '. »&* iihum 
 Jesum ;" et ■fl^PCD' '. Solum, non pleonasticum est, sed Separatum, Sine co- 
 mitatu, significat. Denique, quando duo aut plura nomina substantiva in 
 appositione occurrunt, aut substantivum cum adjectivo aut pronomine rela- 
 tivo concordante ; si uni e substantivis praefigatur praepositio, ea plerumque 
 cum caeteris substantivis, adjectivis aut relativis repetitur : unde in hoc loco 
 Yl PlVfl I Yl •fl^PQX' '. Exempla passim occurrunt. 
 
 75. noVFar : p<^ : Una cum uus. tiC'Vpcd-: est pro Yihcfrfar : 
 
 elisa "A; AC'VFCD'I autem, (Ludolfo AC**^ '•) pronomen personale 
 3 plur. Illi. De Yl — : 36, : vid. n. 39.
 
 APPENDIX. Q-j 
 
 76. Yl't'd^:] Dc monte. Nomen 'l^^, ; Mmy, praefixa *fl I praepos. 
 7/. iVDCR..'] Cum descenderent. Pro h,E(PC^: 3 pers. plur. fiit. a rad. 
 (D<E: Descendit. De h praefixa, vid. 11. 12. 
 
 78. t nAYl/\ : F(D*:] Prcccisb vetuit cos. Ipsa radix TitVfMW cum affixo 
 
 ¥<&■: (n. 1.) 
 
 79. Aoq^q : /\"?£.P£7<, :] Eft nm»jii dicererit. A : Praspositio prajflxa, La- 
 
 tinorum Dativum exprimens. De pronomine oql ; sequente forma nega- 
 tiva, vid. n. 73. Deinde habemus XlPje^?^ I pro V?£ A££7<. '• 
 ubi X"?£: est conjunctio, Eft: A I negativa: et .E5"7<,: 3 pers. plur. fut 
 a "P£7*! ! Locutus est ; de quo 11. 40. 
 
 80. ypt-'i :] Quod viderant. Pro PAR^P"? : ubi p ^ ; est pronomen rc- 
 
 lativum in accusativo : AP \ ab AP .' Vidit, (ut n. 10.) et ^ : affixum pro- 
 nominale pleonasticum, de quo n. 5. 
 
 81. Pi"i(D* I t\fc\] Hominis Filius. p; genitivi nota est ; fiQ)*'. 110111, subst. 
 Homo. fXjt*"'. vid. sub n. 68. 
 
 82. Yl tm '^ I] E mortuis. Yl '. praepositio jam nota : ou^'j ; Pluralis 
 ^Etbiopicus, a oth^j- ; Mortuus. 
 
 83. 'KtiYk.lUi: g-dft:] Donee surrexcrU. -flW. Surrcxit. Conj. III. a 
 rad. i\yi\ Sustulit. Caetera vide sub n. 10. 
 
 84. 57£'fc'? , J D I] Et verbum ejus. f 2<J"P ; Verbum ; Substantivum formae 
 fcemininae a Y1C.'. id, quod a rad. Yld. '. Narravit. Vocalis ' u' pro- 
 nomen affixum, Ejus; et 1\ nota accusativi, qua' affixis postponi solet. 
 (Liid. Gr. Amh. Vl.iii. 13.) 
 
 Sj.JPTHT^;] Tenucrunt illud. .PI+ : est a radice cujus forma- Ambarica 
 niilii nondum satis comperta est; sed sine dubio ab ./Etbiopico A"2H! 
 (Prehendit) desumpta. Deinde affixum foemininum ' at ' ad Htfp '. refe- 
 rendum est. Affigendi ratio eadem ac in lingua yEtbiopica, de qua Lu- 
 dolfus Gr. iEtb. I. ix. Canon x. 
 
 86. lX in, ^ aD <.:] Dum dubitarent (Dubitantes). De ft : et |\ : preefixis vid. 
 n. 12. 77. Radix Ludolfo est ou^ou^ ; Examinavit. Forma oo£.od^ ; 
 seu potius r fau£.au < £ ; forsan Conjug. octavae y'Ktbiopum respondet. 
 
 87. 9°^JP/C ■] Quidnam. Ita passim apud nostrum scribitur, sed vid. Ludolf. 
 Lex. Amb. in voc. f^C. '■'*
 
 68 APPENDIX. 
 
 88. tfoJUJ^f ;] Resurgere. Infinitivus regularis nominascens z'flXH \ (n. 83.) 
 Vid. Lud. Gr. Amh. II. xiv. 
 
 89. /\^U9° ." J1.A-:] Et in hum modum tliccntes. Vid. n. 64. 65. 
 
 90. fllP^^:] Interrogaverunt eum. A rad. fllP<f> '. Qucesivit, Interrogavk; 
 cum f \", affixo. 
 
 91- A 1 * "?:] Quare: ut apud Lud. Lex. Amh. in voc. qo"5 : sub oq"?: 
 
 92. JEAA" :] Dicunt. 3 plur.prses.averbodefectivo .Eft. ; Dicat; de quo n.28.55. 
 
 93- K^f- 1] Scribte. Pluralis a nomine K&.\ Scriba, a rad. K&.\ Scripsit, 
 iEthiopice Arfl<5. ." ut et apud Lud. in Lex. Amh. 
 
 91- Al*l t f > £* c I D I] Prius. Ad literam, Pr&venicnte ipso. Est enim infinitivus 
 participialis Conjugationis IV. (vid. 11. 60.) a rad. cf>j?ao ; Prcecessit; et 
 vocalis septimi ordinis (in tf* '.) aflixum est iEthiopicum 3 pers. sing. In 
 lingua autem Amharica nonnisi cum infinitivis hujusmodi occurrit: alias 
 usurpatur (£r] vel'^l": 
 
 95. JB CTD 11£v:] Venit. 3 pers. sing. pra?s. a rad. aon\; Venit, quod et*ro>^; 
 unde mox in eadem forma .E^^A '. scribitur. 
 
 96. "KCffr I] Me. Pronomen personale. 
 97-1i\] Autem. Particula adversativa. 
 
 98. tnJAi*i : AA^CD* 1 ? '.] Respondit et dixit lis. Vid. supra, n. 1. 42. 
 
 99- U*A , "J I J D :] Et omne. Accusativus ab YhlXr] Omnis ; Ludolfo ^Ar '. et 
 
 •ft- a-:: 
 
 100. p4>5"5"£v".] In rectum restituit. 3 pers. sing. praes. ab £&$! \ quod in 
 Conj. II. est. Quaedam enim verba secundae Conj. longam vocalem in 
 secunda aut tertia radicali adsciscunt. Formam autem radicis nondum 
 definire possum, seu sit 4>{ '. <f>H '. seu <$>£ \ • 
 
 101 . "KIR '. i^**. 1 ? 11 1] Et quemadmodum scriptum est. TilR '. vid. in n. 35. 
 'l->i<5,: est praeteriturn Conj. III. a rad. -H.^.". Scripsit; de qua n. 93. 
 
 102. nAd^Al^:] De Filio Hominis. Est pro nPl*l(D* '. AJP> '. elisa, ut 
 videtur, p ; ut in n. 5. Deinde fll est praepositio, In, De. Caetera videas 
 inn. 81. 
 
 103. aa<Q6,:] Afflictiouem. Vid. Ludolf. Lex. Amh. et iEthiop. in voc. 
 Nota autem quod omissa sit "? : accusativi, quod quidem saepiiis fit tam in 
 Amharicis quam in ^thiopicis nominibus. Ludolf. Gr. Amh. A I. i. 5.
 
 APPENDIX. (39 
 
 3 04. X'JJ^flft. '.] Quod sustenturus sit. /\"?.P : Conjunctio, .E<I>n£v I 3 sing. 
 fat. a -p4>nA I Accepit, Conj. III. a rail cJ>n/\ :: 
 
 105. X"5F^"<I >, J D ."] 2& ^Morf spernendus sit. Eodem prorsus modo resolven- 
 dum, quo proxime pra?cedens. Rad. 5"<J>; Sprevit. 
 
 Vocera sequentem /^JP^? : vid. sub n. 45. 
 
 106. YlC'.Ti'^ Sed. NomenJ7C: Res, peculiari modo cum particula Ti\ 
 (n. 97.) componitur. Amba± simul particulam adversativam, »SW, efh- 
 ciunt. At Y1Q '.11'. in clausula- initio usurpatur : °}1 \ verbis postponitur. 
 "Kfy^t^fWhl vid. sub n. 3. 
 
 107. ti.KW.] Omnino. Infinitivus participialis adverbiascens (n. 60.) affixo 
 * o ' ( n. 94.) a rad. ^A 00 \ Perfecit, q. d. Perficiente eo, bine Perfect?, 
 omnino. 
 
 108. otJ/n;] Venit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 1 09. P(D£ 1 P r /t*"J , J ! U*/V '.] Et omne quod (qtuecumque) voluerunt. p *J; 
 
 est relativum in accusativo, ut in n. 80. (DPP. ' a rad. (D££ : Voluit. 
 Amavit. *£! affixum 3 pers. abundans, de quo n. 5. th/VI Omne, ut in 
 n.99. 
 
 1 10. AP^'MVP '.] Fecerunt in earn. De verbo hgd.7 '. in n. 34. diximus. n^P : 
 autem compositum est e praepositione f\ ; J«, et affixo ^1 jEm>«. Praepo- 
 sitiones enim cum affixis personalibus junctim verbis annectuntur. 
 
 ill. hfYCiV :] De eo. Pro h/\ I XCiV I (n. 96.) 
 Voces proxime sequentes jam expositae sunt. 
 
 1 1 2. g<P '. ouijpO'Qiiqo ;] Et discipulos ejus. g<p ; contractum est e £<£$> : 
 Parvus; et aoi^OD-^^ ; Plur. JEth. Psalmi. Ad literam ergo est, 
 " Pueri Psalmorum, hinc, Discipu/i, quia pueri Habessini a Psalmis Da- 
 vidis initium legendi et discendi faciunt." Lud. 
 
 113. API] Vidit. Ipsa radix. Lud. thP'. ut supra diximus. 
 
 114. riH-Cy^ar '. dream eos. Adverbium H*C.P '. Circumquaque, est a rad. 
 H£". Circum ivit, Obambidaiit. Cum pra?pos. £\' m compositum est, ut 
 fyj/v: (n. 14.) et alia. Deinde ^f dp ; affixum, de quo saepius diximus. 
 
 1 15. /L.fTl.E&'FGF ■] Interrogates eos. Ad literam: Dm?/i interrogarent cos. 
 Pro ih^flUZ^TTOr: a rad. fl\P4>: Interrogavit, Qucesivit. De hi pr#-
 
 70 APPENDIX. 
 
 fixa, vid. n. 12. 77, et de ratione affigendi in fine pronomen, n. 85 ; et ibi 
 
 citatum Ludolfum. 
 ] 16. PHJ?"5 : 2^Vf° '■] Et Ulo tempore. Formam pronominis PHJP"? : nondum 
 
 certo definire possum, habet antem prsefixam, ut videtur, p ; genitivi. De- 
 
 inde ^Hi". nomen JEthiopicuni, Tempus. 
 117- OR^ I 2H, .'] Cum. videbant eum. Ad literam, In tempore quo eum videbant ; 
 
 de qua forma Ludolfus, Gr. Amh. VI. v. 1. QBi^ .' autem pro nAP^ '. 
 
 et AB^ I ab AP I Vidit, affixo *t* ] 
 
 118. RntYi*:] Commoti sunt. Rad. iEthiop. gilA'. A I fa Cf\'. mutato 
 (n. 12.) 
 
 1 19. (DJJCiVJ I] Et eum versus. E (Dg '. prsepos.et pronomine "hQff l 
 
 120. <5/5*i(D*:] Festinantes. Infinitivus participialis a <5.fllf ; Festinavit. No- 
 tandum autem, quod hujusmodi infinitivus, ut in 3 pers. singulari (n. 94.) 
 ita et in plurali, peculiare affixum habeat ; scil. Qy\, vocali praecedente in 
 primum ordinem translata : fit enim &/PF '. Festinans ille : <5/P£(D* '. 
 Festinantes illi. 
 
 121. rtbg,:] Iverunt. A rad. rh,£: (Ludolfo TtJ^:) Ivit. 
 
 122. r f]^f^i' t } a '. 1 i Et sulutare runt eum. 't'lTY'. significat, Salutavit, et de 
 pluribus, In nnum convenerunt. Haec verba, A75TI in secunda conju- 
 satione, 't'l^T. m tertia, forma? rarioris sunt, ut notavit Ludolfus. Con- 
 ferri tamen possint h^'ii '. (»• 100} et similia. 
 
 123. ^H/V^lh '} Quceritis. 2 pers. plur. praes. a defectivo 1%lyJPohtit, quod 
 apud Ludolfum reperias. 
 
 1 24 . nC'VFar :] Ex Mis. Pro YfaCtt <D* I ut n. 7 5 . 
 
 125. YlrhUft-q 11 :1 Et epopulo. /h*H-fl: nom. JEthiop. Populus. Notan- 
 dum autem affixum ' u,' quod aliquando pronominale est, ut supra n. 84. 
 hie autem, ut et passim, nominibus otiose adjungitur, ut *)?: verbis (n. 5.) 
 In sequente A"S,E, '. Units', simile prorsus habes.exemplum. 
 
 126. (Dgl-t- :] Ad te. Pro (D£ '. hi** V' 
 
 127. Atroillhi" ".] Adduxi eum. 1 pers. sing, praet. (scripsisset Ludolfus 
 A«ron\^:) ab A 00 * 1 !: Adduxit, Conj. II. a rad. oo(T\: Venit. 
 
 128. nciv? :] Et in eo. Pro rYhCfr 1 * 11 :
 
 APPENDIX. 7] 
 
 12Q. po^y^C'.] Qui non loquitur : soil. Mutus. pnq ; p r0 pquA ; ut in n.9. 
 Deinde negativum per A: solum, sine go; postfixo exprimitur, quod et 
 alias saepe fit. De ipso autem verbo JP5"7CI non dubito quin per errorem 
 scriptum sit pro _E$*7C I qua' forma in simili loeutione infra adbibetur. 
 Occurrit etiani supra, n. 79. 
 
 130 -3i"5!] Dcemon. Nomen JEtbiopicuni. 
 
 !31. AAfl'l*:] Est in co. iVt* I Afiixuni, vid. supra n. 110. Hie autem pleo- 
 nastice venit, quia jam dictum est ACl'r: 
 
 132. I 07T(D" 1 1>A- : t\Q,&\\ Ubicunque invenerit eum. Adliteram: Exomni 
 loco in quo invenerit eum. tl^d-'. Locus, est a rad. fi£,d.\ Mensus est. 
 Deinde ^ITQT: est pro TiA'lTdT '. verbum autem ATF I Invenit, 
 secundae Conjugations est. In prima mihi nondum occurrit. 
 
 133. .EfATA :] AUidit eum. 3 pers. sing, praes. a fT\f\ ; Projccit, Ludolfi 
 paradigmati quidem non prorsus congruens. Pronomen autem (ST \ Eum. 
 non ajfixum est, sed ante literam formativam insertion, (juod in praesente 
 fieri solet. (Vid. Lud. Gr. Amh. VI. iii. 5.) 
 
 134. JP^^fllT^vQ '. Etfucit eum jactare pedes. 3 pers. sing, praes. inserto <Jp[ 
 ut in numero praecedente. Radix autem d.l(l\ '. s. £1& '. est Calcilraiit, 
 Conculcaiit, undeConj.il. h.&-1CW'. formae Conj. X. iEthiopicae Al*l r f'£. 
 IK '. quod " de vexatione quadam Diabolica accipitur." Lud. Lex. iEtbiop. 
 in voc. In Graeco est dtpgiQi, at in loco parallelo Luc. ix. 39. o-xccsdo-crit 
 f/Arot. d.<p?ov. 
 
 135. fClV? 1 ? :] Et denies ejus. Accusativus cum affixo a ^Cfl'. Dens, 
 Denies. 
 
 136. JE^ERA !] Frcndcrejhcit. 3 pers. sing, praes. ab A4JH. '. Conj. II. a rad. 
 s\.\\\, '. Conlritit, Moluit. De longa vocali in secunda Conj. vid. n. 100. 
 
 137. Rd^V '} Et exaruit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 138. R'P'. vm H ao "C : f'Tli t I a '.] Et discipulos tuos. Ut in n. 112. sed additur 
 aflixum *Yl [ Tuns, quod ob "? \ accusativi in "Yi; transfertur. Ista autem 
 mutatio saepenumero negligitur. 
 
 139. AA'J/FCD':] Dixi eis. AAl> '. > l^rs. sing. prat. ab AA '. Dixit. 
 Forma quidem regularis esset AAU*'. sed lioc et in aliis quibusdam 
 verbis ita variatur. De mutatione I>1 in "J.! ut aflixum recipiat, 
 vid. 11. 3.
 
 72 APPENDIX. 
 
 140. JP(D/THp ." HT£' I] Ul ejicerent eum. ^(Dflt; 3 pers. plur. fut. ab 
 A(D^i: Conj. II. a rad. (Dfl\ ; s. Q)g ; JSvwf. H"?^: Conjunctio post- 
 posita, Ut. 
 
 ] 4 1 . AhiFA-g 01 ? 1] Et non potuerunt. Aft 9° : est negativi forma, et 
 
 posterior qa- m Conjunctio, Et. Deinde ^/\- '. a rad. ^A I Potuit. 
 
 142. od^v^/y^:] Respondit ei. on/vfi : Ipsa radix. ft^M -#*', affixum est 
 ejusdem formae cum n^ I In eum. n. 131. 
 
 143. /"iA"?^."] Vos. Pronomen personale, quod et 7\rv"?'f : scribitur. 
 
 144. JPAv 00 ?:] IncreduJa. Ad literam, Qwa? won credidit. Pro PAftA 011 * .' 
 ubi p ; relativum est, Aft. '. negativum (omissa «Jo ; finali) et A 00 * '. ipsa 
 radix, Credidit. 
 
 145. HC I] Generatio. Ab JEthiopico HCO .' Semen. 
 
 1 46. 7\hYl I a ° : f I] Quamdiu ? Ad literam, E%«e arf quando ? 
 
 147. I OA"? ,? P I P<i- 1] Una cumvobis (Apudvos). Vid. n. 39. et 143. 
 
 148. 7\£°£»AU*;] Maneo. 1 sing, press, a rad. 4°£ ; jFW£, Mansit. 
 
 149. AflYl I aD: f 1*1 1] -4«< quamdiu. Vid. supra n. 146. Conjunctio autem 
 l*l ; postfixa aliquando sensum particular Aut gerit, quamvis et alias 
 quoque significationes habeat. 
 
 1 50. 7\Fi t n 0I i' :; F , 'iAIJ" :] Sustineo vos. 1 sing, praes. a •I'pi^an : Portavit, 
 Sustinuit, Conj. III. a rad. PiYl 013 '. quae in hac Conjugations usitatior est. 
 iEthiop. lYa 011 : Tulit, Portavit. 
 
 151. (DJ^t:] Ad me. Pro (Dj^lM: ubi (D£ : praepositio est, et 'Ki '. prono- 
 men personale, Ego. Cum praepositionibus enim pronomina personalia, 
 non affixa, usurpantur, quoties integra vocabula efliciunt. 
 
 152. A9 D /t' ? h \] Adducite eum. 2 pers. plur. imperativi, cum affixo ab A 00 ^.! 
 Conj. II. a rad. mj^ ; Venit. 
 
 1 53. (DJ^CiVJ 11 :] Et ad eum. E (D.P. : et pronomine 'KC.fy- '. Vid. n. 1 5 1 . 
 
 154. A^^fb^ I] Adduxerunt eum. In Conj. II. a rad. <J>£fl! Appropin- 
 quavii. 
 
 155. r\pqyqo .2\^'.] Et cum videbat eum. Pro fl APCD" 1 ? I 2H, '. De locu- 
 
 tione fl 1 2H> ■ verbo interposito, vid. n. 117. Deinde API Vidit, 
 
 ipsa radix, cum affixo GT" ; 
 
 156. Phi-P"*'- 2H>d^^".] -^ tempore (Tunc). De pronomine PHJ'S: sub 
 n. 1 1 6. diximus. H\c vero cum nomen ^HjOX"'? '. in accusativo sit, forsan et "J .'
 
 APPENDIX. 73 
 
 finale etiam in pronomine eundein casum denotat. Deinde ad nomen 2Hi '. 
 affixum est Qp', otiosum, ut alias ' u' (n. 125.); cum vocalis longa in H,; 
 aliam vocalein ' u' non admittat. 
 
 157. ^/iCD':] Allisit cum. Vid. sub n. 133. 
 
 158. Aj>£-7/D. :] Repetitis victims divexans. Verbum h&l([\\ supra babes, 
 n. 134. Particula autem A.P : (&P\ Ludolfo, quem vide) earn fere vim 
 habet, quam in vertendo expressi. Verbis in praeterito pra?figitur, sensus 
 autem Latine commodius per participium exbibetur. 
 
 3t{-: Vid. n. 130, 125. 
 
 rs$ Q F:c.\i\gv o \ n. 33. 
 
 1 59. ©£<£ :] Cecidit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 160. hd.Z.-KiWRZQ&.S 00 *..} Et ccrpit spumam emittere. hd.^t". 
 (Ludolfo /h^4. : ) s P u ma, est in accusative cum otiosa ' u.' J2£fi.3> ; 
 3 sing. fut. a rad. £<5/J>: (At. ^iS) Effudit. ^ : (Lud. TH^O 
 Ccepit. Ipsa radix. Constructs futuri aut subjunctivi pro Latinorum 
 inlinitivo post ^°^d. '. et alia ejusmodi verba, e dialectis cognatis nota est. 
 
 161. AO+"? , J D :] Et patrem ejus. Nomen AQ '. Pater, cum affixis poscit 
 *£; epentbeticum, unde AQ-fc I , et^I accusativi nota est. Notandum 
 autem, quod et AO^ '. absolutum reperi. 
 
 162. Ylh^^M Atro^i^qnC:] A quo tempore P Ad literam, A quot annis 
 incipiendo? Ita semper exprimitur Amharice phrasis Latina, Inde a, 
 
 scil. per ^ '. ^^C. ve l f>*F*&.\ &c. prout res poscit. Ut mox, 
 
 ■nrh^f-fclj-fgoc: Inde a pueritia ejus. Jam vero Yll pnepositio est, 
 Ab, Ex: 1*1^^; interrogativum, Quot? Quantum? A 00 ^! Annus, Ludolfo 
 accuratius Ujcro^; q ua e forma est iEtbiopica. Denique ^JO^CI est infi- 
 nitivus participialis cum affixo 3 pers. sing, (n.60.94.) a rad. ^°°d. '. Incepit. 
 
 163. hlTCtr:] Venit in eum. Verbum AT5"I Invenit, supra babes, n. 132. 
 
 164. JE*Ti:] Hoc. Pronomen, quod et .E^h: scrmitur > unde supra, solita 
 mutatione, _EU ; n. 66. 
 
 165. Ylfhg*?{i: : J^C :] Inde a pueritia ejus. Nomen rh9f { r *t" : Pueritia, 
 estab/h^f: Infans. Csetera vide sub n. 162. 
 
 166. ■OH' : TSUF* :] Et multoties. -fl|+: est pro /Etbiopico •OH-'i ; Multus : 
 ?W,'. Tempos, ut in n. 1 16. etiam pro Latino Vices ponitur. 
 
 L
 
 74 APPENDIX. 
 
 167. (DJ£i"rt*:] Inignem. Praepositio (D£ : cum nomine iEthiopico /\r*rP I 
 Ignis. 
 
 ^lACD': vid. n. 133. 157- 
 
 168. QJ"^ 1 ? 15 :] Et aquam. Nomen Qp^". Aqua, cum conjunct, go; 
 
 169. A/?A(D*'.] Ut interficeret mm. Pro ft.E7A(D": ubi ft. I est conjunctio 
 inseparabilis, Ut: et radix 7A I (quod et 1gt\ ;) Jnterfecit. 
 
 nc:°2l: vid. in h. 106. 
 J 70. JK^AUIX^EIUS:] #* possibilk est tibi. .E^ftl in futuro a -p^A I 
 Possibile fuit, Conj. III. a ^FAI Potuit (n. 141). UI affixum 1 persons, 
 quod magis regulariter ~^i ; scribitur. 'Kig WJl'. s. ^JJUTF I (Ludolfo 
 /VfJiJ'WJ;) conjunctio postpositiva, Si. Notandum autem quod vox 
 posterior \J*$ ; interdum per personas variatur, quasi verbum esset ; ut 
 mox, "&"%£ '. U"J{J '. in 2 pers. unde suspicor earn pro \Ji '. Fuit, poni ; ut 
 iflC " P ro if\d. '. (n. 60). Proinde dicendum est conjunctionem "Kfg '. 
 cum verbo Uil compositam peculiarem vim habere, Si, q. d. Si sit 
 ut . 
 
 l7l"h.C%5'.] Adjuvanos. Imperativus a £g \ Adjuvit, cum affixo i\ Nos. 
 Litera "A I autem in hac radice aliquando praefixa reperitur, ut ACSJ^PI 
 Auxilium, apud Ludolfum in Lex. Amh. 
 
 172. /\H^ft.5q° I] Et miserere nostri. Imperativus a rad. AH? '. (Lud. /hH? 
 Contristatus est. ft^Fl Nobis, affixum cum praepositione compositum, % ^\ in 
 $ : mutata ob sequentem qo : Notandum autem qudd cum affixis primae et 
 secundae personae scribatur praepositio ft ; pro A '. , ut ft"^i : ft^J : non A"?i ; 
 A"? '. quoties verbo conjunctim affiguntur. Ita quoque -fl '. pro f\ '. 
 
 173. ^^trollH^J^*:] Ut credos. f tT mf i: 2 pers. sing. fut. a J-ooj; Conj. III. 
 (A absorpta) a rad. A 00 ? ". Crcdidit. Hlf? '. Conjunctio postposita, Ut. 
 
 1 74. I^ft. I "KfR '. ITStF l] Si possis. 'p^ft : 2 pers. sing, subjunct. a ^pft ; 
 Potuit. De /vJ£ '.U'iV. vid. n. 170. Notanda autem in hac clausula 
 verborum inversio, Credas ut possis si: pro, Si possis credere. 
 
 175. JElFAft Possibile est. 3 pers. sing, prses. a "p^FA '. de quo sub n. 170. 
 
 176. A a, ljJ" DD ^:] Eiquicredat. Pro ftpqD^^ODl; Vid. n. 9. 55. Verbum 
 autem est ^f m i '. de quo n. 173. 
 
 PHJ'"S:2H,«J a : vid. n. ii6. 156.
 
 APPENDIX. 7j5 
 
 1/7- P^Tll] Exclamavit. Ipsa radix. 
 
 »78. P-fifY-fc^ar :] Pueri. Nomen -flAvt^ : Piter, prafixa p; genitivi. D< 
 
 otiosa Qy* m . finali vid. n. 156. 
 
 De nomine AQ'I*'. vid. n. 161. 
 179- KFt\<Pfl',] Fletum ciens. AA^hl Planxit, est in Conj. II. a rad. 
 
 tY^fl'. qua- mihi nondum occurrit. Vim autem particular A.PI jam ex- 
 
 posuimus, n. 158. 
 
 1 80 7T '. WJK :] ODomine! 2^:(Lud. 23*') est proprie "famuli herum 
 compellantis." Lud. Iff*'. Vid. sub n. 44. 
 
 181 AQUSYVU-:] Credo. 1 pers. sing, prees. a rad. K ao i'. Credidit. Est 
 
 pro -h a wau- : 
 
 182. py^mj^^ ; jp^iQqa ;] Fidci mete languorcm. y^O^^^f. Nomen 
 iEthiopicum, Fides. Vocalis autem quinti ordinis affixa pronomen est, 
 Mens, Mea; etp; prsefixa, nota genitivi. "$ : autem accusativi ad nomen 
 j^-V^qo ; pertinet, sed notandum, qudd cum nomen in accusativo geuitivum 
 habeat praecedentem, transfertur "J '. accusativi et in fine genitivi affigitur. 
 Simile quid et in verbis contingit, de quo Ludolfus, Gr. Amh. VI. i. 6. 
 £<qijo : autem est a rad. JP, t n cro '. Lassus, Debilisfiut. 
 
 183. /v"7H(m] Adjuva eum. Imperativus est, ut videtur; sed quaenam sit 
 radicis forma, dubito. Non memini me earn alibi legisse. Forsan ab 
 iEthiopico 7"HO I Minis travit. 
 
 1 84. PnjD^r"? : aT, <J-(D / r k : Hominum concursum. ou^,(j)/p ; ( . s t ab iEthiopico 
 -t-^(DA: Conj. VIII. a rad. d.<£R\ Currere, Amh. CA I S. Cfl\: Cu- 
 currit. Habet autem formam infinitivi regularis, praefixa OD ; De loci con- 
 structione Aide n. 182. 
 
 1 85. Aj^'f'l] Cumvidcret: s. Vidente co. Est infinitivus participialis a rad. 
 AP '. Vidit, cum affixo tertiae persona? (n. 94). IIujus infinitivi forma in 
 Biliteris talis est; ut A.E* \ ab AP \ , jV^-f* ". a ftfll '. , OU^ ; ;i ava\ . 
 
 186. CYM 1 !* 7 ? 1 3$.*? :] Impurum damonem. CXtrtfr'i'. Accusativus a CXffil 
 affixa 'u' otiosa, ut in n. 125. Substantivuin autem "P^i", non habet 
 f' m accusativi, forsan ut vitetur literarum similium concursum. 
 Sequentia expeditu prompta sunt: de poq_E£7C : vid. n. 129. 
 
 187- RlQCq .] Et surde. $ff<$>C: Surdus, adjectivum.
 
 a 
 
 70 APPENDIX. 
 
 188. AH"HIMJ:] Juheo te. 1 pers. sing, prset. a rad. AHHI Jussit. {J [ (quod 
 
 et "^n :) affixum secundae personae singularis. 
 J 89. "Kill Ego. Pronomen personale. 
 
 1 90. ^(Dm I H3£* '] Ut exeas - ^<D«l : 2 pers. sing. fut. a rad. (D<TY ; s. (D9 \ 
 Exiit. Vfig"'. sub n. 140. habes. 
 
 191. frqxmijqa • A^MQ^ l] Et rursus in eum ne ingrediaris. £°2«JD ; adver- 
 bium affixa personalia admittens, de quibus vid. n. 60. in fine, et ibi citatum 
 Ludolfum. Hie vero cum verbum in secunda persona sit, affixum V. se- 
 cundse item persona?, additur. Deinde ^^Q '. 2 pers. sing. subj. arad. 7QI 
 Intromit: i%\ conjunctio prohibendi, Ne: et^I pronomen affixum, Eum. 
 
 192. 'h'iR'. t t ar t ,f l a '. \fi\] Et erat sicut qui mortuus est. Rad. q^'f : Mor- 
 tuus est. Nihil praeterea notandum, nisi relativi P; omissio; de qua n. 5. 
 
 193. X£*7: fiJD^:] Multi homines. Adverbium "&&1 '. (n. 45.) hte adjec- 
 tivi vim habere videtur. 
 
 194. "&f\H\l\r '. R"£ti '•] Donee dicer ent, i. e. Usque acleo ut dicerent. Est pro 
 
 JKM.E/V: srd.t\\ r>e -Krfii—.K-dfi: vid. n.io. £/*•: pi™ 
 
 defectivo JE£v '. Dicat (n. 55.) 
 <5./?q°: vid. n. 107. 
 
 195. "K^i '] Manum ejus. Nomen^^: (^Ithiop. "KK".) Manus, cum affixo, 
 et in casu accusativo. 
 
 PHOT: vid. n. 85. 
 106. Al*l?lWQ> ,, J D • "tJUW ".] Et levavit eum, et surrexit. Utrumque verbum 
 a rad. i\M\ (n. 83.) priusin Conj. IV. posterius in Conj. II. 
 
 197. fVl-qo :] Et domum. Nomen JEthiopicum fl/t* '. Domus. 
 
 198. A7Q I 2H, I] Cum intrasset. De A I2H.: n. 1 17. 70. '. Intravit. 
 
 Ipsa radix. 
 
 £<j> ; oDi-jou-ci; ; vid. n. 112. /v-n^cD*: vid. n.23. mp^: vid. 
 
 n. 90. l\q°1: vid. n. 91. 
 
 199. "K? '.] Nos. Pronomen personale. 
 
 200. AftiF£v? , J D '.] Non potuimus. l pers. plur. praet. a rad. ;FA: Potuit, cum 
 
 negativo A& 9° '. ( n - 73.) f '. autem in { I mutatur ob sequentem <JD : 
 
 ut n. 172. Talis autem mutatio non ubique observatur. 
 
 OQI.'XS'CDIW.H"?^:] Ut educeremus eum. X£(DT1 '. est 1 pers. plur.
 
 APPENDIX. 77 
 
 fut. abA(D^i: Conj. II. arad. (Dn\: Exiit. De prteformativa "h ; in i 
 plur. vid. n. 51. 
 
 202. ttgJJ : yt\(D- : H 00 ^ :] Genus quod est hujusmodi. "X^UI vid. 
 n. 64. H°«£* : Nomen iEthiop. Familia. .PA(D*: est pro PAAd^: 
 
 ubi p ; relativum, Quod ; AA '. Rad. Est (n. 7.), et (D* \ aflixum otiosum, 
 ut alias f t", (n. 5). 
 
 203. A^A 1 * :] Nonpotest. A 9° I negativura efficiunt. Deinde verbum 
 
 .ES'A ! supra habes, n. 170. 
 
 204. HA A*^* : n^Q 11 : C\<PC .'] Nisi precibus et jejunio solum. Nomina 
 iEthiopica AA"!' I Preces, et /<qu : Jejunium, utraque praepositionem fi ; 
 habent praefixam. 5"; autem conjunctio est quaj plerumque ad connec- 
 tenda duo vocabula ejusdem format inservit, et priori ex iis affigitur. De 
 £\<PC: vid. n. 74. 
 
 205. nHJ"* :] Et hide. E t (\: praepositione, Ex, et HJP : Hlc. 
 
 206. f^AA 1 * I A A£. :] Et per Galileeam transierunt. 7 A,A '. nom. propr. 
 Galilcea. AA<5, '. Radix est (Ludolfo r it\.&, '.) Transiit. 
 
 207. aqlqa • yqpep ; Hf£- : AACD^^I :] Et neminem scire voluit. Ad li- 
 teram, Aliquis ut sciret non voluit. Vocum autem resolutio facilis erit, col- 
 latis quae sub n. 56. 73. dicta sunt. 
 
 208. Al*lJ'(D'<|» J] Docens, s. Docendo. Infinitivus participialis cum aflixo 
 3 pers. (n. 60. Q4.) ab AlWD4> \ Docuit, Conj. IV. a rad. A(D<£ : (Lud. 
 U(D<1> :) Scivit. 
 
 209. -11 AT^FOT : i(\C£ I] Nam dicebut iis. -flAY^CD* : videtur esse in- 
 finitivus participialis, sed minus regulariter, a QA '. Dixit (Lud. 
 flUA I) cum aflixo 3 pers. plur. (n. 1 .) De voce $[\C. \ et ejus construc- 
 tione, vid. n. 60. Deinde "2 '. conjunctio postposita, ad finem clausula*, sig- 
 nificat, Nam, Quoniam. Alias copulativa est, ut n. 204. 
 
 Pftar I A.P/ 1 vid. sub n. 8 1 . 
 
 210. JElVTlA I] Tradetur. 3 pers. sing, praes. Conj. III. a fifl\ ; Dedit. Tem- 
 poris istius prasentis vim nondum satis accurate definire possum. De eo 
 plenius dicetur sub n. 282. infra. 
 
 211. ClflGT '. "&& I] /" /tomi?iis maniwi. Pro ClPfldf '. 2\|** '. , P '. genitivi pro 
 more elisa, ut in relativo etiam accidit. (n. 5. 102.)
 
 78 APPENDIX. 
 
 212. ^7A - ^£\.9 D .'] Et accident cum. 3 pers. plur. prses. inserto pronoraine *f '. 
 
 a rad. 7A '. (quae mox 7£A '. scribitur) Occidit. Notandura autem, quod 
 
 tertia persona pluralis in prsesenti, quoties pronomina inserta recipit, voca- 
 
 lem suam finalem ' u ' rejicit a formativa ft ; in ultimam radicalem ; unde 
 
 a .E7AA : formatur .E7A;J-A \ , non £7A^A- : 
 2i3.ni*»fl+?:] Intertio. I'lfi*!*?: Ordinalis a jfifrt": Tres. 
 I 1 4 JEWI '. 11C. '.] Hoc verbum. gUtt '. accusativus peculiari modo formatu s 
 
 a pronomine _E{J '. s. JE"^ I Hie. Deinde nomen J7C I accusativi notam 
 
 non.habet, de qua omissione vid. n. 103. 
 2 J 5. A Ai*l ,r t ,c PA , J D !!] Non intellexenint . Aft 9° I negativum efliciunt. 
 
 Deinde verbum Aft'I'Y A. '. s. AlYl*(D"A i quartae Conjugationis formain 
 
 habet, sed origo ejus mihi nondum comperta est. 
 
 21 6. .Efn.E c £ ,? t ,, J a : H1.E* '. <i<£. I] Et cum interrogare timucrunt. Ad literam, 
 Et timucrunt ut cum interrogarent. Verborum resolutio facilis ; radices 
 autem fllP4> '. et &£* \ supra habes, n. 90. 58. 
 
 217. t^CWJ :] Capharnaum. Nomen loci. 
 
 218. «*lA I] Hum esset. Pro fiAA : Rad. AA '. Est, Fuit. 
 2ig. qu"?:] Quid. Pronomeninterrogativum. 
 
 220. J*iin- 1 i/lf^U" :] Disputabatis. Ffifb: 2 pers. plur. fut. A absorpta, 
 a rad. AAfi: (Lud. /hfta:) Cogitavit. Jfld^lK 2 plur. preet. a 
 i(\d ' Fuit, de cujus constructione vid. n. 28. 40. 
 
 22 i.f\ ao 'ilKr:] In via. HI In. OD^7_g-; nomen iEthiop. a rad. J7£ I 
 Peregriitatus est. 
 
 ^22 JrvOV '. flO'l^th ■] Inter vosmetipsos. Est peculiaris constructio prono- 
 minis "KCfr- '. Ule, quod quasi per personas variatur. Dicitur enim 7\Cjft* ■ 
 nCrFU*: Inter vosmetipsos : /\OV : ftOVFOT I Inter semetipsos. 
 
 223. "H 01 } A!] Tacucrnnt. Pro fi^lAAl ex interjectione TH^o I et rad. 
 AA I Dixit, compositum. De bac pbrasi autem vid. n. 28. 
 
 004 JEAlSnC?:] Nam loquebanlur. ^A*. plur. a Jgft: Dicat ; (n. 28.) 
 ?AC '. P ro ift^ "■ pl erum( l ue ponitur, sed hie, ut videtur, pro Jfl^, '. nam 
 alias constructio sub n. 28.40. 220. exposita, non constat. 
 t flC , *l : f I (D' '. **fl ". ^flA^UA :] Quisnam ex Mis major esset. JEftftllft. : 
 3 pers. sing, praes. a rad. HArtl : s. fLAA I Major fuit.
 
 APPENDIX. 70 
 
 Verbum proxime sequens *f t £ aD /I\: Conscdit, vid. in n. 4Q. 
 22 6. AW& : U>A-fc"? :] Duodecim. Scribit Ludolfus UW& ". -kA ^I Deiude 
 
 *5 : nota accusativi est, et ' u' otiosa, ut n. J25. 
 227- A^.^ (D" .'] Appdiavit eos. Ipsa radix, cum affixo : f d^ : 
 
 228. oq-jgu.-fm)^;] Si quis capiat. oq-j; Q l( i, y qn; habet postfixom 
 ubi Aliquis significat, ut in n. 73. dictum. Deinde fl.(D.K" ■ est P ro 
 •fl^CDJ^" ." 3 sing-, fut. a rad. (D££ '. Amavit, Cupiit. l)e «fl ." pnefixo 
 vid. n. 49. 
 
 229. fl*L^ ." JEtf"? ." H"?£- I] Ut sit prior. n<Z/t- : In fronte, i. e. Prior, a 
 nomine iEthiopico ti/f '. Fades. J£U°i '. 3 pens. sing, fut., ut mox £!>"$ : 
 3 sing, subjunct., a rad. \fi'. Fuit. (Lud. "fiJl) 
 
 YllhA- 1 fViA I Post omnes. Vid. n. 99. ] 4. 
 
 230. A°A I] Famulus. Nomen substantivum. 
 
 231. /h9^9°:] Et infantem. Nomen iEthiopicum. 
 
 232. (DA,?^ 1] Ce/w7 c/ . Ipsa radix, cum con junctione 5" '. de qua in n. 204. 
 
 233. no^TiA^dr:] In medio eorum. oq"TiA: (quod et oo^fiYlA I) est ex 
 iEthiop. tPXYlA : Medium. 
 
 234. A* 011 ^:] Statuit cum. Conj. II. a rad. <f>OD; Stctil. 
 
 235. fHl'fl"fc , J D '. ARd.'MD* '.] Iii sinum suum imposuit earn. Nomen *fMV"t" : 
 Sinus, ut videtur, alibi nondum occurrit. Verbum Ag£l '. Fecit, (n. 34.) 
 aliquando sensum habet ponendi, statueudi : q. d. Fecit ut illic esset, pro, 
 Illic posuit. 
 
 236. P^^HAQ '.] Quicimqvc recipiat. De forma poq_; vid. n. 9. 55. et de 
 verbo 'I^IIA I n. 104. 0° ; affixa rclativo P ; sensum indefinitum tribuere 
 videtur, ut Latinum -cunque. Sic et in o^^^o \ n. 228., 
 
 237. YlAI-tfJ '• rh^i" I] Ex /ti.sce infantibus. Pronomen est 7\AH.U '• ***' 
 isti, e formis iEthiopica et Amharica compositum. rh95 v t' '. plurale JEthio- 
 picum, a nomine fh9"?! "• 231 - 
 
 i^i^i : Unum. Vid. n. 125. in fine. 
 
 238. fifl 01 *. I] In nomine meo. fiQ 11 '. Nomen, cum praepos. fl '. et affixo l pers. 
 Mox cum affixo 2 pers. flfiQ^UI 
 
 ^/C 1 ! : vid. sub n. 107- 
 
 239. r t'4 , nA : 5 I] Rccepit me. (n. 104.) ^ : aflixuui verbale I pers. sing.
 
 80 APPENDIX. 
 
 '240. /\V? I] Me. Accusativus pronominis Jtf, ; Ego. 
 
 24 1 . PAfY? : /\"?j£* I] Sed eum qui misit me. ATI : (Lud. AAYl Misit: 
 ipsa radix. /V?j£" I conjunctio postposita, Sed. 
 
 «nWiA^: vid. n.42. no. ^.gu:n.64. iXA:n.65. troqu/hc; 
 UJB". n.44. 
 
 242. AP$ I] Vidimus, l pers. plur. praet. a rad. API Vidit. Apud Ludolfum 
 forma est AP"5 '. 
 
 243. l*l.E'Tl£ J 1 v J ;] Damones. Pluralis iEthiop. cum "} J accusativi a i*i j E<TV$ '. 
 Satan. 
 
 244. l"l.^'(D' T i •] Ejicientem (cian ejiceret). Fd)ff\.'. 3 pers. sing. fut. ab 
 A(D<T\". Ejecit. Conj. II. a (DH\: Exiit. Deinde f\^\ pro ft : scriptum 
 est, ob sequentem P '. at sub n. 10. exponitur, ubi *{Y,'. pro 51 ". babemus. 
 
 245. P ol J.E t Q'l'A5 '.] Qui non sequitur nos. poq ; vid. sub n. 9. Verbum 
 est 'l' l Q*f A '. Secutus est. Deinde $ \ affixum 1 pers. plur. quod mox *5 ; 
 scribitur in voce AjEYrt-A"? 1 * ? : Ubi nota etiam quod negativum per 
 
 A 9° I expressum sit, hie autem per A", solam. *Z conjunctio illativa est, 
 
 Nam, ut supra, n. 209. 
 
 246. ^AYl&iQX* '.] Prohibuimus eum. 1 pers. plur. praet. cum affixo, et mox 
 A't'YlA'ifl.A^ '. Ne prohibeatis eum, 2 plur. subj. cum negat. et affix, a 
 rad. YlAYlA '. Prohibuit, Pracise vetuit. 
 
 247. OI i"5 , J D : PA*? ? '.] Nam nemo est. Haec duo vocabula, cum inter se con- 
 nexa sint, conjunximus, quamvis in contextus serie, quae paullo intricata 
 est, separentur. PA ". verbum defectivum cum postfixo negativo <JD '. signi- 
 ficat, Non est : (iEthiop. AAP '.) cui additur £; conjunctio. De iironomine 
 tKtffi '. jam dictum sub n. 73. 228. 
 
 -J.EA : vid. sub n. 13. 
 248."KPfl^'] In faciendo. fl&*\ Fecit, ipsa radix, (n. 51.) De particula 
 T\P: vid. n. 158. 
 P^lS'lC. Qui loquatur. Conf. n. 129. 
 
 249. (It '.] In me. Pro (Yhh,'. Pronomen "hi: habes sub n. 240. 
 
 250. Yld.'.] Malum. Adjectivum substantive acceptum. 
 
 25 1 . fl A"?^ ". P°qj2iW 1 1> A : YIA"?^ : ?& : i<Sr£ I] Nam is in vos qui non 
 insurrexerit, una cum vobis est. Sensu loci ita exposito, verborum resolutio
 
 APPENDIX. 81 
 
 facilis erit, collatis nn. 143. 9. 83. 39. 4". Tantum notandum quod con- 
 junctio Naminjine clausula' reperiatur, per *?'. expressa. 
 
 252. K<¥ .'] Poculum. Ex iEthiopico RTO I 
 (D~^: vid. sub n. 168. 
 
 253. .P/nTVT-U* I] Qui vobis potum dederit. Vcrbum Afllfll I Pot um dedit, 
 est in Conj. II. a rad. flliTl '. (nescio an fl|n\;) Bibit. Habet autem prae- 
 lixuin relativum P ; et affixum personale 2 plur. 
 
 254. l\^Qtrtft\'h'lg\J'Pf-X>'.~\ Quia Christo sitis ; i.e. Quia ad Christum 
 pertineatis. Conjunctio TvfJtJ '. verbo \Ji \ Fuit, praefixa, plerumque sii^- 
 nificat Si (n. I/O.); hie vero, Quia, Quod. U^^U* '. est 2 pers. plur. praet. 
 
 Xarj-i- : x^-i/UK vid. n. 2, 3. 
 
 255. T^QX 1 :] Mercedem ejus. Nomensubst. T^il cum affixo (Sp\ quod in locum 
 vocalis 'u' snccedit, ob longam vocalem pra?cedentem. 
 
 256. l\'}gJEtt\<^'.l Qwdd turn perdet. /vJJP,: est pro conjunctione TSfg'. 
 elisa A '. negativa. (n. 79.) Deinde verbum ITI^J, '. Ludolfo impersonale est 
 et neutrum, Periit, sed interdum in sensu activo usurpari videtur, pro 
 Amisit, Perdidit, unde evadet in Conj. III. *l*fll<J.: Periit. Sed haec 
 certius aliquando, ut spero, cognoscemus. 
 
 257. .PiYOS 1 ! :] Et qui abnegare fecerit. hh^Rl Conj. IV. a rad. 'Q£ ; 
 (iEthiop. 51/h.E '.) Negavit; pec. Abnegavit /idem Christianam. 
 h1&5\ vid. n. 53. 125. YlAKU \ rh9£^ : n. 237- Ail u. 241). 
 
 258. JP 011 k^t""? I] Eos qui credunt. p; relativum est, ^: nota accusativi ; rad. 
 A 00 ? I Credidit; (n. 173.) ^1 autem affixum otiosum, ut in n. 5. 
 
 259. .E^AY^V '.] Melius est ei. 3 pers. sing, pra-s. inserto pronomine (!>■: 
 (n. 133 ) a verbo defectivo ?i ; 1. Voluit, Petiit. 2. Impersonaliter, JP;w- 
 stat, Exp'edit. 
 
 260. P(D£f.t°' : £"?2JP I] 3/o/te lapidem. Nomina duo substantia, quorum 
 prius in genitivo. 
 
 261. QT?*:] J» <»&» e/iw. Ex AT3i-: (Lud. ihTM":) CoUum. 
 
 262. AJ^"Cil] Imponens, s. Jmponendo. Infiuitivus participialis a verbo Conj. 
 II. KS.d.1 '. Fecit, Posuit. (vid. n. 235. 60.) 
 
 263. 0)£: QfhC:] i» wia/-e. Q/hC". nom. subst. JEthiopice etiam et Arabice 
 usitatum. 
 
 »i
 
 82 APPENDIX. 
 
 264. fl/D.E"^] Si projectus sit. De prsefixo -fl '. vid, n. 4g. Radix est 
 (D,E4 > '. Cecidit, Projectus est. 
 
 265. 7\^*tiq°:] Et maims tua. Nomen /\j^: vid. sub n. 195. Pro affixo Yi; 
 scribuntur^i; et{J". sed omnia ejusdem sunt originis. Til primi ordinis 
 ante particulas postfixas plerumque invenitur. 
 
 266. •fl^rt^U I] Si offendat te. Radix iEthiopica est ftftrP: Aberravit ; 
 etinConj. IV. Afirh'I'! Seduxit, Scandalizavit : unde forma Amharica 
 Aft'l' : et in 3 pers. sing. foem. fut. J'h^ '. 
 
 267. t P*£ (T \ f t w '.] Excide earn. Imperativus cum affixo 3 pers. sing. foem. a rad. 
 <po^fIi: (Lud. <po^A:) Secuit. 
 
 268. JE» 1 ift" T lft.5' I] Nam melius est tibi. Resolutionem videas sub n. 25Q, no- 
 tando pronomen bic secundae personse esse, et additam esse conjunctionem 
 £; Caeterum infixa in praesente ultimam radicalem alias in primum, ut in 
 n. 259, alias in sextum ordinem transferunt. De bis regulam generalem 
 trader e adhuc non possumus. 
 
 l6g. (hgXD^t" I] Vitam, Nomen iEthiopicum. 
 
 2"0. -fl^'^Q l] Si (v. Ut) ingrediaris (n.49). 2 pers. sing. fut. a rad. 7Q ; Intravit. 
 
 271 . Q"J£*; /\j£*;] Cum una manu. Pro nA"S£* '. 7\^* '• Voces jam satis notae. 
 
 272. LhA.^ I "K^" U*CU I] Ciim sint tibi duee manus. J.CU". est Infinitivus 
 Participialis a rad. ££'. Mansit, Fuit : cum pronomine U: affixo. Sed 
 cum bujusmodi infinitivus per personas varietur, (n. 27.) in boc loco ter- 
 minatio pluralis esse debet, vel, si singularis, certe foeminina, ut ad "h^ ; 
 referatur, unde haberemus J,£.{J : pro £CU '. Mihi autem videtur, termi- 
 nationem tertiae pers. sing, masculinae, cum frequentioris sit usus, ita inva- 
 luisse, ut saepe pro foeminina et pro aliis personis, quasi invariabilis esset, 
 scribatur. Id in voce £°2<ju ; observavi. Legitur enim £ J 2 al i.■ Ego 
 etiam — £°2«ro{j .' Tu etiam—, et tamen alibi '&Hfi Q '. £°2q° '. Et ego etiam— 
 "^fyi-fqa ; £=2qo : Et vos etiam —. 
 
 Hie autem corrigendus est error qui sub n. 60. irrepsit. Dicendum est 
 formam infinitivi participialis in loco isto esse Fi(SrQ'. in 3 pers. Deinde, 
 vocalis ' o ' in QX" '. resolvitur, ut vocalem quarti ordinis recipiat ob affixum 
 'FdT ; Eos (n. 1.), de qua resolutione vid. n. 85. Dubito an unquam invenia- 
 tur T^ <5T '. pro *f OX" '. absolute, id est, ubi (Dr '. ad litteras praecedentes non 
 pertineat.
 
 APPENDIX. 83 
 
 2/3. IViqo :] Gehenna. Nomen iEthiopicum, e Graeco. 
 
 274. 5l^rh,^' ."] Quam ut ens. 51: conjunctio praefixa. Rad.dl.JJ I Ivit. 
 Notandum autem A I f\[ til praepositiones esse; til -fl: 91: conjunc- 
 tiones. Has igitur verbis praefiguntur ; ill*, nominibus. Excepto casu sub 
 n. 172. memorato. 
 
 2/5 . (D^°^/n<4. • i&'Vl* ■] -^« ignem qui non extinguitur. Est pro (DJEJpoqfTl^ : 
 elisap; ut inn. 5. Caetera jam nota sunt fll^,." Extinctus est, ipsa 
 radix. Mox occurrit divisim, (D£ : aqfll^OT I ubi etiam ©• : otiosum 
 
 additur, ut in n. 202. 
 
 276. ^A-: Poq^qo^:] F«'wk qui non moritur. "T7V I est LudoM^&O: 
 Vermis, omissa gutturali et addito 'u' otioso. Deinde ^tp 1 ^: a rad. 
 q '! - ." Mortuus est. Sensus autem hujusmodi esse debet, Ubi vermis non 
 moritur, vel, Cujus vermis non moritur, pro, Vermis qui &c. Similem rela- 
 tivi usum habes in n. 32. 
 
 Idem in clausula sequente, !h/l"fc , J D : P^^fll^, '. notandum. 
 
 277. tSlCri*! :] Et pes tuns. Nom. iEthiop. X"?C : ^- Vid. etiam n. 265. 
 Vocabula qua? sequuntur supra petantur, n. 265 276. 
 
 278. A"?+ ! ATQt 1 ! : LHU !] Tu cum claudus sis. AYOn: Ludolfo est 
 rhlYlr 1 ' : Claudus. IHU '. Infinitivus participialis cum affixo 2 pers. sing, 
 a rad. [fi; Fuit (vid. n. 27). 
 
 279. VifFttltl :] Et oculus tuus. Nom. JMiiop. O^"? ; Oc«/«s. 
 
 280. Ad^Ti^ :] Evelle cum. Imperativus ab A(E>T\ ; Conj. II. a rad. Q)n\ ; 
 Exiit, addito affixo 3 pers. sing. foem. quod ad nomen form. Uf^Ef ; refertur. 
 mf ¥lW't : /^KA-flfltC : vid. n. 1 1. 
 
 281. fVrt*:] Inigne. Pro n"A'*l , l" : quod ex "K^^f '. Ignis, n. 167. 
 
 282. .ETi^/ilft. ;] Salitur. 3 pers. sing, praes. a 11<U11 : s. l-m^m: (con- 
 jugationum enim formas et significationes in hoc verbo nondum certo de- 
 finire potui) Sale conditus est. Tempus quod a Ludolfo " Praesens" appel- 
 lator, per praesens Latinum reddidi. De usu ejus certas tradere regulas 
 nondum possum, sed plane Aoristus est, et quod dixit Ludolfus de Contin- 
 gente iEthiopico, de Prsesente etiam et Futuro Amharico merito dici 
 possit: " Propterea nos tempus illud, quia per se neque praesens neque 
 futurum est, Contingens vocavimus ; quippe contingere potest, ut sensu 
 poscente alterutrum esse possit ac debeat."
 
 84 APPENDIX. 
 
 233. oujXJcp^^gD ;] Et sacrificium. Norn. iEthiop. a UfEO '. Sacrificare. 
 
 284. flttl(D*:] In sale. Noinen EEKD': Sal, ab ^thiopico ACD^ idem. 
 
 285. JZ^l *\t\.'.] Salitur. 3 pers. sing. pra?s. a i*i/\ ; ut videtur, quae tamen 
 radix mihi ignota est, nisi forsan cum ?it\(\ '. Exaruit, cognationem habeat. 
 
 iro £v t a , J D : idp : vid. n . 46.47. 
 
 286. P^jpTi^J/p ; YIUS ;] Cum insipidum devenerit. Ad literam, Cum deve- 
 nerit quod nou sedition est. De poq ; vid, n. 9. Deinde F^QS^ '. 
 formam habet futuri Conj. II. a (1\<^(H\ de quo sub n. 282. H\ '. con- 
 junctio praefixa est, Cum, postquam, de qua Ludolfus V. iii. 4. A "ft .' 
 (n. 274) forma et significatione differt. Notandum autem quod partieipia 
 passiva Amharice ope relativi pleriunque exprimantur, ut P+Q^Yl : Qui 
 benedictus est, pro Bencdictus : P'X'WJd. '. Quod vinctura -est, pro Vinctum : 
 et pariter, pa»J.pil£J/P : pro Insipidum, q. d. Insalitum. 
 
 287. n.'J D "J:] In quo? i. e. Quonam modo? Quonam instrument ? Talem usuni 
 praepositionis [\\ jam vidimus inn. 281. 284. 
 
 288. t"l® r '£t" :: F , U' I] Vosmetipsos. A f\QF'. Homo, formatur nomen fx^i^ '. 
 Humanitas, Humana nalura, Humana substantia. Cum affixis peculiari 
 modo usurpatur, dicitur enim, Adrl^Tl '. Substantiam tuam, pro Teipsum ; 
 I I l(ir£f" : F(D' '. Substantiam eorum, pro Seipsos ; unde et hie t\<5yi J ,: f 5 l> '. 
 Substantiam restrain, pro Vosmetipsos. 
 
 Constructio autem vocum jfaQM J^U* '. CEICD* : JKU-"5 '. obscurior est. 
 Ad literam significant, Vosmetipsos sal sit. Equidem crediderim praeposi- 
 tionem fl ; omissam esse, et legendum, flfldT? ^HFU* '. In vobismetipsis. 
 Pronomina hujusmodi in casu nominativo adhuc non reperi; plerumque 
 reciproca sunt. 
 
 :kov : nc'rF u-9° : via. n. 222. 
 
 289. [\J t lf\ f T a '. r t' l ilt!^'.] In pace colloquamini. i^/VJ ! IS T om. iEthiop. Pax. 
 r t"5*7<£, .* 2 pers. plur. Imperat. a 'f^'J^ '. Collocutus est. (n. 40). 
 
 FINIS.
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 The very near resemblance which some of the Ethiopic Characters tear to em h 
 other has caused the occurrence of most of the following typographical errors. 
 It is hoped that they will be found generally unimportant. 
 
 13, 
 
 line 20, / 
 
 or TE ^ : read 
 
 <J>J7IJD*$ ; 
 
 It, 
 
 4, 
 
 YWv: 
 
 Tttv: 
 
 18, 
 
 26, 
 
 A-n:: 
 
 A-n: 
 
 19, 
 
 «, 
 
 on ; ; «Q*? ; 
 
 auwyi ; 
 
 20, 
 
 8, 
 
 (r>j^jp#£-r : 
 
 (DKry&tt : 
 
 — 
 
 9, 
 
 "h^Eri : 
 
 7\<Eh: 
 
 22, 
 
 27, 
 
 a"?h: 
 
 Km: 
 
 23, 
 
 7, 
 
 a«j°a5i: 
 
 A^ATi: 
 
 
 
 14, 
 
 ©■??a^: 
 
 (DT2 a-1* : 
 
 37," 
 
 6, 
 
 AXrtitvS^i'i : 
 
 AXfiflUiXA : 
 
 42, 
 
 1, 
 
 ^AA'FO'F'T : 
 
 AAA.WJOY: 
 
 — 
 
 4, 
 
 norht-f- 00 - : 
 
 nafh"t'*- aD *: 
 
 46, 
 
 16, 
 
 paxnrt-y.tttRr: 
 
 pa)fn-T:irfi<-: 
 
 57, 
 
 28, 
 
 crocp.^; 
 
 ao/p-f-; 
 
 61, 
 
 1, 
 
 -hg°i: 
 
 'K'S-T. 
 
 68, 
 
 18, 
 
 li: 
 
 11: 
 
 71, 
 
 25, 
 
 £<&**>&'■ 
 
 P4om\: 
 
 75, 
 
 18, 
 
 gviqn; 
 
 p-v^qo; 
 
 79, 
 
 17, 
 
 qp'A I n£v: 
 
 aq7\*n/\: 
 
 84, 
 
 19, 
 
 i*iar*:rt : i> : 
 
 i*i(Tr5^ v YU- : 
 
 18, 
 
 note, 3, 
 
 and which 
 
 and respecting which 
 
 25, 
 
 line 3, a 
 
 fter d.g- A't* I add 
 
 (so Ludolf writes the word.l 
 
 
 
 18, for "dvv read 
 
 eOvy 
 
 33, 
 
 21, 
 
 seems 
 
 seem 
 
 66, 
 
 20,25 
 
 , solum 
 
 solum 
 
 76, 
 
 11. 
 
 Conj. II. 
 
 Conj. III.
 
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