Til E 
 
 .EN KID OF VIRGIL 
 
 TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BLANK I'ERSE 
 
 CHRISTOPHER PEARSE CRANCH 
 
 Prisca fides facto, sed fama perennis 
 
 
 BOSTON 
 
 HOUGHTON, OSGOOD AND COMPANY. 
 
 1879. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, 
 BY JAMES R. OSGOOD &. CO., 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 v 3 & /0 
 
 University Press : Welch, Bigelow, & Co., 
 
 I Wli.KIDGE, 
 

 
 PREFACE. 
 
 IN the translation of the great Roman epic here offered to 
 the public, I have endeavored to fulfil two necessary 
 requirements : first, to render the original Latin as literally 
 and concisely into pure idiomatic English as could be consist- 
 ent with a strict metrical form ; and, secondly, to make it, 
 as ably as I could, a poem, retaining somewhat of the spirit 
 of the original. I have made an earnest attempt to do what 
 I believe has not yet been successfully done, — a faithful ren- 
 dering of the iEneid into fluent, poetic, yet compact and 
 carefully constructed blank verse. 
 
 All the best poetical translations of it into English, hith- 
 erto, have been done chiefly in rhymed couplets ; and all, 
 whatever their other merits, have failed more or less in 
 fidelity, for the simple reason that they are rhymed. One 
 need only compare the best known version, Dryden's, with 
 the Latin, to see the lamentable transformations the old 
 Roman bard has suffered (even when piloted by a poet) at 
 the hands of that seductive siren, Rhyme. Or, to come 
 down to our own day, take the newest rhymed version, 
 Professor Conington's, and, in spite of his infinitely greater 
 
 
iv Preface. 
 
 fidelity to the exact language of Virgil, there will still be 
 found the inevitable failures marking the same despotism. 
 The conscientious translator is called upon for surrenders 
 and sacrifices that cannot be afforded. Is it not too much 
 to expect, that any one mortal should have skill to mould 
 the delicate and compact sentences of the Latin poet into a 
 form so unbending in its verbal exactions ? And these exac- 
 tions are not only attended by perpetual lapses into incorrect 
 or weak paraphrase ; the incessantly recurrent rhyme gives 
 an almost unavoidable appearance of antithesis, which dis- 
 turbs the clear simplicity and directness of the original. 
 Thus the very fashions which the school of Pope and Dry- 
 den thought fitting and beautiful and noble, and in which it 
 loved to drape the old classic bards till it almost hid their 
 forms from us, are seen to be quite inappropriate when 
 tested by our modern demands and our juster principles of 
 translation. The translator has only to try his hand at it, 
 to see to what shifts he is reduced when fettered by these 
 jingling chains; to find out to what frequent slurrings of 
 delicate graces and meanings, to what grave omissions, addi- 
 tions, dilutions, and circumlocutions he is pledged. If it be 
 true that 
 
 Rhymes the rudders are of verses, 
 
 By which, like ships, they steer their courses, 
 
 it is also true that they are rocks and shoals on which poet- 
 ical translations, in spite of the adroitest steering, too often 
 split. In a word, Translation becomes Transformation. 
 
Preface. v 
 
 I am aware that there are classical scholars of poetic tastes, 
 who, while dissatisfied with rhymed versions, yet would fain 
 see some metrical forms attempted which they think, would 
 approach nearer to the rhythmical movement of the origi- 
 nals than do any of the established metres. For the Latin 
 hexameter, it is suggested, why not adopt the Knglish hex- 
 ameter? Without wishing to enter upon this much-debated 
 hexameter question, I would merely say that I think there 
 are serious objections to the use of this metre for a transla- 
 tion of the ./Eneid, or, indeed, for any long epic poem. It 
 is easy to write flowing hexameters of a certain sort. But, 
 to say nothing of the greater advantage the Latin has in 
 its winged and airy vowel-syllables, the trouble is to find 
 in English pure spondaic words enough, without which the 
 lines must be overloaded with dactyls; the result being an 
 effect, in a poem of any length, as fatiguing and monoto- 
 nous as an incessant swing or canter. This metre may be 
 used with success, I think, in a brief eclogue, hardly in a 
 lengthy epic. The impression conveyed by the movement 
 of the verse in English must differ materially from that 
 which the original metre conveyed to the ancients, — else it 
 is difficult to imagine how it could ever have become with 
 them the established form for the epic. To our ears, twelve 
 long books of modern hexameters could hardly fail to be a 
 portentous affair. For myself, I can seldom read more than 
 a tew pages even of the best English specimens of this 
 
vi Preface. 
 
 rhythm, without a lurking sense of something like verbal pos- 
 ing and posturing going on, which, even when graceful, has 
 a perpetual tendency to the constrained and artificial. I am 
 quite aware of the fascination there is in the composition 
 of these quaint and trailing six-footers. But in spite of the 
 Germans, and the theories and experiments of a few poet- 
 scholars, I cannot but think that the hexameter belongs 
 exclusively to the costume of the antique ages, and that the 
 less the epic muse has to do with it, the better. Metres, 
 like spoken languages, become obsolete and dead. They 
 may or may not be revived. But, at any rate, popular and 
 accepted metres are growths, and not transplantations from 
 a remote past. 
 
 Besides, the difficulty of sustaining to the end, in hex- 
 ameter, a poem so varied in thought and action as the .ZEneid, 
 is a consideration which might well make the most gifted 
 rhythmical artist shrink from the task ; a task tenfold 
 greater, if it be a main object with him to keep close to 
 the literal phrasing of the text. 
 
 In choosing the form of blank verse in this translation, 
 I feel as if I had better obeyed the inferential Scriptural 
 suggestion of putting old wine into old skins, than if I had 
 tried to pump it into any such antique jars. That the form 
 I have chosen is comparatively modern is no objection. It 
 is not a new, nor a transplanted form. Blank verse is a 
 good old sound English growth, long ago adopted, and glo- 
 
 
Preface. vii 
 
 riously illumined by the greatest poets in our language. If 
 it is deficient in movement, it must be the fault of the 
 writer, not of the verse. I cannot think of a form more 
 fitting for an epic, nor one, on the whole, better adapted to 
 I worthy rendering of the sense and spirit of the ./Eneid. I 
 could not help feeling, too, while engaged in my task, that 
 the Latin lines lend themselves to the very requirements of 
 blank verse, in the fact that their conciseness so often obliges 
 an overlapping of one translated line into the next, and 
 thus favors the variation of the pause, which in this metre 
 is so essential to the avoidance of monotony and the sus- 
 taining of rhythmical effect. 
 
 I have not troubled myself greatly about consulting the 
 various English translations of the iEneid. I should like 
 to have compared my work with Dr. Trapp's, the only 
 blank-verse version, I believe, of any note; but have not 
 been able to obtain it. Dryden's and Conington's rhymed 
 versions are the only two with which I have much acquaint- 
 ance. The Earl of Surrey's version of the second and 
 fourth Books I have only glanced at. It is noticeable as 
 the earliest blank-verse essay in our literature. While some- 
 what too antiquated in style for the present day, it has, 
 apparently, the merit of being literal. Thomas Phaer, in 
 1558, translated seven Books of the TEneid into rhymed 
 couplets, of fourteen-syllable verse, if I remember. The 
 remaining Books were done by Thomas Twine, and the 
 
viii Preface. 
 
 whole was published in 1584. It is as obsolete in much of 
 its phraseology as Surrey's ; but from a cursory examina- 
 tion, it seems to be better than its fame. Pitt's version I 
 am unacquainted with. It is spoken of as very tame, and 
 not faithful. Symmons's, which, like Pitt's and Dryden's, 
 is in heroic rhyme, I have known only in parts, and since 
 I completed my own. It seems more faithful than Dry- 
 den's ; but then Symmons was not a poet, and Dryden was, 
 though an unequal one. Professor Conington's, in the 
 Scott's-Marmion octosyllabic metre, is ingenious, frequently 
 poetic, and, as far as the translator's shackles would allow, 
 faithful. But it is like Virgil in short-hand. Debarred by 
 the frequently recurring rhyme from a literal rendering, yet 
 desirous of slurring nothing, he merely touches and suggests, 
 where he should linger; and, missing the graceful sweep of 
 Virgil's lines, reads too much like a sort of classical Sir 
 Walter. 
 
 I am far from pretending that my versification may not 
 frequently fail to convey the movement of the Latin lines 
 to the ear of those to whom they are familiar. What I 
 have aimed at has been to render simply and concisely, with- 
 out omission, addition, or periphrasis, and at the same time 
 fluently, keeping in mind the best ideals of blank verse. 
 The only departure made from this metre has been in two 
 brief passages where it seemed to me the answers of the Or- 
 acle in pentameter rhyme might make an agreeable contrast. 
 
Preface, ix 
 
 The addition of many notes would have too much encum- 
 bered the book, besides being unnecessary where the classical 
 dictionary is accessible. I have therefore added only a few, 
 which may be convenient for the general reader. 
 
 I have followed mainly Professor Anthon's text, and 
 must thank him for what benefit I have derived from his 
 valuable notes and occasional renderings. I may be some- 
 what indebted, too, to Davidson's prose translation, with 
 which I have compared portions of my own. And I wish, 
 in conclusion, to express my obligation to my friend, Pro- 
 fessor James Russell Lowell, for many good criticisms and 
 suggestions in revising my manuscript. 
 
 C. P. C. 
 
 September , 1872. 
 

CONTENTS. 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 Page 
 Introduction: Causes of Juno's Hatred of the Trojans, lines 1-43. — Her 
 Soliloquy, and Interview with iEolus, 44. — Who sends a Tempest 
 upon the Fleet of iEneas, 101. — Its Result, 129. — Neptune rebukes 
 the Winds, and calms the Seas, 157. — The Trojans gain the shores 
 of Lybia, and moor their Ships in a safe Harbor, 199. — JEneas kills 
 seven Stags, one for each Ship, 233. — He consoles his Companions, 
 250. — They feast on the Shore, 270. — Colloquy in the Heavens 
 between Jupiter and Venus, concerning iEneas and the future Destinies 
 of his Race, 285. — Mercury sent down to dispose the Carthaginians 
 favorably toward the Trojans, 387. — iEneas's Meeting with his Mother, 
 Venus, 410. — She gives him an Outline of Dido's History, 445. — 
 Foretells the Recovery of his lost Ships and Comrades, and directs him 
 toward Carthage, 505. — He recognizes his Mother as she leaves him, 
 524. — His Entrance into the City, 544. — Description of the Pictures 
 of the Trojan Battles on the Temple Walls, 589. — Entrance of Dido, 
 640. — And of his missing Friends, 661. — Speech of Ilioneus, and 
 Dido's Reply, 676. — JEneas reveals himself to the Queen, 764. — 
 His Speech, and her Reply, 775. — Her Hospitality, 821. — iEneas's 
 Gifts to her, 837. — Venus's Plan to inflame her Heart with Love to 
 ./Eneas, 855. — The Banquet in the Royal Palace, 912. — Dido requests 
 iEneas to relate his Adventures, 986. ...... I 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 iEneas begins his Narration: The Wooden Horse, lines 1-79. — Sinon 
 brought before the Trojans, 80. — -He begins his false Story, 105. — 
 The fate of Laocoon and his two Sons, 282. — The Wooden Horse 
 is carried into Troy, 323. — Hector appears in a Dream to iEneas, 
 371. — iEneas relates the Destruction of Troy, 412. — He and his 
 
xii Contents. 
 
 Companions attempt to defend the City, 464. — Their Adventures, 
 508. — The Fate of Priam's Palace, 598. — Assaulted by Pyrrhus, 641. 
 — Who murders Polites and Priam, 716. — ./Eneas sees Helen, and 
 deliberates whether he shall slay her, 770. — Is restrained by the 
 Appearance and Counsel of Venus, 800. — Troy in Flames, 842. — 
 He reaches his Father's House : Anchises refuses to escape from Troy, 
 856. — But changes his Resolution upon witnessing two marvellous 
 Omens, 920. — The Escape, 953. — Creusa's Fate, 992. — ./Eneas 
 searches for her through the City, 101 1. — Her Shade appears to him, 
 1039. — He finds a crowd of Trojans prepared to accompany him, 
 1072. — He bears away his Father, 1084. ..... 44 
 
 BOOK III. 
 
 ./Eneas continues his Narrative, lines 1-6. — Builds a Fleet, and sails for 
 Thrace, 7. — The Tomb of Polydore, 26. — Sails for Ortygia, 87. — 
 Consults the Oracle of Apollo, 106. — The Answer, 121. — The Tro- 
 jans determine to sail for Crete, 133. — 111 Fortune of the Trojans in 
 this Island, 181. — He is directed by his Household Gods to sail for 
 Italy, 195. — His Stormy Voyage, 251. — Lands on an Island of the 
 Strophades, 270. — His Adventures with the Harpies, 283. — He puts 
 to Sea again, 341. — And lands at Actium, 355. — Thence to Chaonia, 
 where he meets with Andromache and Helenus, 376. — ./Eneas asks 
 and obtains the Prophetic Knowledge of Helenus, and his Counsel 
 concerning his Voyage, 459. — Helenus's Description of Scylla and 
 Charybdis, 533. — His Advice concerning the Cumrean Sibyl, 561. — 
 The Parting, 612. — The Trojans sail direct for Italy, 643. — Which 
 they descry in the early Morning, 663. — They land and sacrifice to 
 j Juno, 690. — Scylla and Charybdis, 706. — Description of Mount 
 ./Etna, 721. — Achemenides, 742. — His Story of himself and of the 
 Cyclops, 769. — Appearance of the Cyclops, 821. — The Trojans 
 escape, and continue their Voyage, 833. — They sail around Sicily, 
 and land at Drepanum, 859. — Death of Anchises, 885. — Conclusion 
 of ./Eneas's Narrative, 895. . . . . . . . '9* 
 
 BOOK IV. 
 
 Dido loves iEneas, and confesses her Passion to her Sister, lines I — 38. — 
 Who encourages it, 39. — They sacrifice at the Altars, 73. — The 
 
 
Contents. xi li 
 
 Queen'l Pusion described, 86. — Juno's Interview with Venus, and 
 Plan concerning JEneti aiul Dido, 1 19, Description of Dido and of 
 
 vKiK-.i-., going forth to hunt, 170. — A Sturm sent by Juno, 209. — 
 iEncas and Dido take refuge in a Cave, where the God. : ions 
 
 their Marriage, 215. — Description of Rumor, 226. — King Iari , 
 258. — Mercury sent to command /Eneas to leave Carthage, 313. — 
 His Message to /Eneas, 347. — Its Effect upon him, 361. — He pre- 
 pares to leave with his Fleet, 371.- Effect of the Rumor of his 
 Departure upon Dido, 382. — Her Interview with ./Eneas, and 1' 
 sionate Appeal to him, 394. — His Justification of his Course, 435. — 
 Her bitter Replv, 4^4. — Preparation of the Trojans for Departure, 
 52 v — Its Effect upon Dido, 540. — Her vain Attempts to delay it, 
 578. — Her Grief and Desperation, 594. — Conceals her fatal Reso- 
 lution from her Sister, 626. — The Funeral Pile, 669. — Description 
 of Night, 693. — Dido's Agitation: her Soliloquy, 701. — Mercury 
 again warns ./Eneas to leave, 736. — He prepares to obey, 755. — 
 Dido's Passionate Soliloquy when seeing his Fleet departing, 771. — 
 Her last Words and Death, 853. — Her Sister's Grief, 879. — Iris 
 frees the struggling Soul, 709. . . . . . . .130 
 
 BOOK V. 
 
 jEneas, sailing from Carthage, sees the Flames of Dido's Funeral Pile, lines 
 3-8. — He is forced by stormy weather to make for Sicily^g. — Wel- 
 comed by King Acestes, 43. — ^Encas proclaims an Anniversary Festival, 
 57. — He sacrifices at Anchises's Tomb, 95. — The Anniversary, 130. 
 
 — The Celebration commences with a Race between four Galleys, 141. 
 
 — The Contest described, 173. — Prizes conferred, 293. — A Foot- 
 race, and the Prizes awarded, 344. — A Combat with the Cestus, 431. 
 
 — Described, 506. — A Contest in Archery, 576. — An Omen, 612. 
 
 — Ascanius's youthful Cavalry, 638. — Iris, sent by Juno, instigates the 
 Trojan Women to burn their Ships, 708. — ^Eneas's Prayer, 813. — 
 
 *^<A11 the Ships, save Four, are saved, 828^ — The Advice of Nautes, 834. 
 
 — Anchises appears to /Eneas in a Vision: he bids him follow that 
 Advice, 855. — ./Eneas adopts the Plan proposed, 887. — He founds a 
 Town for those left behind, 898. — The Grief of Separation, 912. — 
 iEneas puts to Sea, 922. — Venus solicits the Aid of Neptune for the 
 Trojans, 928. — Which is promised, 953. — The Voyage, 987. — 
 The Fate of Palinurus, 996 . . . 171 
 
xiv Contents. 
 
 BOOK VI. 
 
 iEneas arrives in Italy, lines I - 3. » — He visits the Temple of Apollo and 
 Diana at Cumae, in order to consult the Sibyl, 9. — The Sculptures of 
 the Temple described, 24. — The Sibyl's Commands to iEneas, 56. — 
 His Prayer to Apollo, 69. — The Oracle, 106. — ./Eneas entreats Per- 
 mission to visit his Father in the Lower World, 135. — The Sibyl's 
 Reply, 160. — He returns to his Fleet, 200. — The Fate of Misenus, 
 207. — His Funeral Pile, 225. — ./Eneas seeks and finds the Golden 
 Bough, 240. — The Funeral Obsequies of Misenus, 265. — The Sacri- 
 fices at the Entrance of the Lower World, 292. — He enters with the 
 Sibyl, 324. — Invocation, 325. — Description of the Entrance, 331. — 
 And of the Phantoms, as they proceed, 347. — Charon: the Ghosts 
 of the Unburied, 367. — Of Palinurus, 411. — Confronted by Charon, 
 who yields, 470. — Cerberus, 512. — The Souls of Infants; of those 
 falsely Accused; of Suicides, 526. — The Fields of Mourning, 544.- — 
 ./Eneas meets the Shade of Dido, 556. — The Region of the Warriors, 
 590. — Deiphobus, his Story, 612. — Tartarus, and its Punishments, 
 680. — The Elysian Fields, 794. — Anchises's Meeting with ./Eneas, 
 845. — His Philosophy of Spirits and Life, 904. — He shows ./Eneas 
 the Shades of his unborn Descendants, and their Glories, 944. — 
 Marcellus, 1082. — ./Eneas leaves the Lower Regions, and joins his 
 Fleet, 1134. 216 
 
 BOOK VII. 
 
 ./Eneas sails from Caieta, lines 6-9. — Passes the Land of Circe, 1 2. — Enters 
 the Tiber, 45. — Invocation to the Muse, 46. — King Latinus, Turnus, 
 and Lavinia, 57. — An Omen, 80. — Latinus consults the Oracle of 
 Faunus, 99. — His Answer, 117. — The Trojans on Shore, 130. — 
 iEneas's sends Envoys to Latinus, and builds a Fort, 186. — Arrival 
 of the Envoys at Laurentum, 197. — Description of the Temple, 210. 
 — The King's Interview with the Envoys, 240. — The Address of 
 Ilioneus, 267. — Reply of Latinus, 324. — His Gifts, 344. — Soliloquy 
 of Juno respecting the Trojans, 366. — She summons Allecto to aid 
 her Designs, 405. — The Fury visits Queen Amata, 430. — The Queen's 
 Appeal to her Husband concerning Lavinia, 452. — Her Excitement 
 and strange Conduct, 473. — Allecto inflames Turnus against the Tro- 
 jans, 513. — Her Arts to involve the Trojans in War, 595. — Tyr- 
 
 
Contents. xv 
 
 rheus's Stag, 606. — Battle of the Trojans and Peasants, 647. — Inter- 
 view between Allecto and Juno, 671. — The Fury disappears, 699. — 
 
 Warlike Commotion in Laurcntum, 708. — Juno opens the Gates of 
 War, 745. — Ausonia roused to Arms, 77 I. — Invocation to the Muses, 
 792. — Names and Description of the Chiefs arrayed against the Tro- 
 jann, 800. — The Amazon, Camilla, 988. ..... 265 
 
 BOOK VIII. 
 
 All Latium aroused to War, lines 1 — 5. — Venulus sent to Diomcd's City 
 for Aid, 10. — The River-god Tiberinus appears in a Vision to JEncas, 
 32. — And encourages and directs him, 44. — He sails up the Tiber, 
 107. — Arrives in the Kingdom of Evander, 126. — His Reception, 
 140. -- Interview with the King, I 58. — Evander tells the Story of 
 Cacus and Hercules, and explains the Origin of the Rites he is cele- 
 brating, 228. — Description of these Rites, 339. — ./Eneas accompanies 
 Evander to his City, Pallanteum, 373. — His Discourse by the Way, 
 382. — Venus asks Vulcan to forge Armor for ^Eneas, 451. — He 
 consents, 481. — The Cyclopean Forges, 505. — The Morning Inter- 
 view between Evander and vEneas, 548. — ^Encas is made Leader of 
 the Arcadian and Tuscan Forces, 617. — Venus gives a Sign from the 
 Skv, 626. — Evander's Parting with his Son Pallas, 674. — Departure 
 of the Troops, 701. — Venus brings the Armor to iEneas, 727. — De- 
 scription of iEneas's Shield, 746. ....... 309 
 
 BOOK IX. 
 
 Juno sends Iris to induce Turnus to attack the Trojans in ^Eneas's Absence, 
 lines 1-30. — He marches, 31. — The Trojans fly to defend their 
 Ramparts, 45. — Turnus undertakes to burn their Fleet, 81. — The 
 Story of Cybele and the Consecrated Pines, 94. — The Ships escape, 
 and are turned into Sea-nymphs, 144. — Speech of Turnus, 156. — 
 Preparations of the Rutulians, 199. — The Story of Nisus and Euryalus, 
 219. — Volscens and his Troop, 456. — Tragic Conclusion, 520. — 
 The Mother of Euryalus, 583. — Battle between the Rutuli and Tro- 
 jans, 619. — First Martial Exploit of Ascanius, 725. — Encouraged by 
 Apollo, 786. — Battle continued, 8}>r— Havoc made by Turnus within 
 the Trojan Gates, 882. — The Trojans rally, 960. — Turnus com- 
 pelled to leap into the River, 1003. — He escapes, 1010. . . . 347 
 
xvi Contents. 
 
 book x. 
 
 Council of the Gods: Speeches of Jupiter, Venus, and Juno upon the War, 
 lines 1-8. — The Decision of Jupiter, 141. — Continuation of the 
 Battle, 167. — ./Eneas returns toward his Camp, 201. — Description of 
 the Heroes and Ships attending ./Eneas, 229. — He meets his Ships in 
 the Forms of Sea-nymphs, 300. — He lands his Forces, 383. — And 
 engages in the Battle, 409. — Its Events, 412. — Bravery of Pallas, 472. 
 
 — His Combat with Turnus, 576. — And Death, 643. — Deaths dealt 
 by ./Eneas, 688. — Jove's Colloquy with Juno respecting the War, 795. 
 
 — Juno's Expedient to save Turnus, 832. — How he is borne off, 857. 
 
 — His Reflections on his forced Flight, 875. — Mezentius takes the 
 Field: his Havoc, 901. — Battle even on both Sides, 988. — Mezentius's 
 Meeting with ./Eneas, 997. — His Life saved by his Son Lausus, 1038. 
 
 — Mezentius withdraws, 1045. — ./Eneas fights singly against his Foes, 
 1050. — He slays Lausus in Combat, 1066. — Mezentius and his Son, 
 1 1 00. — His Grief and Remorse, 11 06. — He takes the Field again, 
 1 1 20. — Rhcebus, his Horse, 1 1 26. — Fights with ./Eneas, 1153. — 
 His Dying Words, 11 78 391 
 
 BOOK XI. 
 
 ./Eneas erects a Trophy with the Armor of Mezentius, lines 7 - 29. — 
 Prepares to bury his Dead, 30. — Pallas upon his Bier, 48. — ./Eneas's 
 Lamentation, 55. — The Body of Pallas is borne to Pallanteum, 78. — ■ 
 The Procession, 120. — Ambassadors come from King Latinus, suing 
 for Peace, and Leave^to bury their Dead, 129. — Reply of ./Eneas, 139. 
 — Drances, 160. — A Twelve Days' Truce agreed upon, 175. — Evan- 
 der hears of his Son's Death, 183. — His Grief, 195. — The Trojans 
 and Tuscans build their Funeral Piles, 246. — Also the Latins, 271. — 
 
 » Return of the Ambassadors from Diomed's City, who report their 
 Failure to procure Aid, 299. — Latinus summons his Council, 312. — 
 What Diomed said to the Ambassadors, 336. — Speech of King Latinus, 
 402. — His Plan regarding the Trojans, 420. — Speech of Drances, 
 445. — Turnus's Reply, 500. — He counsels War, 543. — ./Eneas ap- 
 proaches the City, 592. — Warlike Preparations of Turnus, 611. — 
 He meets Camilla, 656. — Result of the Interview, 676. — Diana 
 relates to Opis the Storv of Metabus and Camilla, 699. — And charges 
 the Nymph to avenge her Death, 772. — Battle and Carnage, 798. 
 
C 0)1 foils. xvii 
 
 — Camilla's warlike Feats, S44. — Tarclion, 938. — Aruns, 979. — 
 Death of Camilla, 1019. — -Aruns slain by the Nymph Opis, 1067. — 
 The Defeat of the Rutuli, 1105. — Arrival of ./Eneas, 1145. . . 443 
 
 BOOK XII. 
 
 Turnus is bent upon a single Combat between himself and jEncas, lines 
 1-12. — His Address to Latinus, and the King's Reply, 13. — His 
 Interview with the Queen Amata, 75. — He prepares for the Combat, 
 111. — - ./Eneas docs the Same, 141. — Juno's Interview with Juturna, 
 i~;. — Latinus and .<Eneas confirm the League between them, 207. — 
 Juturna's Plan to break the League, 288. — Its Success, 319. — Tolum- 
 nius, 331. — The Battle again begins, 345. — Its Events, 362. — iEneas 
 attempts to stay the Strife, 398. — He is wounded, 407. — The terrible 
 Deeds of Turnus in the Battle, 419. — lapis, with Venus's aid, ex- 
 tracts the Arrow from jEneas's Wound, 500. — He takes the Field 
 again, with his Troops, and fills his Foes with Terror, 550. — Juturna 
 assumes Command of Turnus's Chariot, 600. — iEncas pursues his Foe 
 in vain, 615. — His Crest struck off by Messapus, 624. — The Havoc 
 on both sides, 639. — ^Eneas determines to attack the City of Lauren- 
 turn, 702. — Fate of the Queen Amata, 754. — Turnus at a distance is 
 apprised of the Attack on the Town, 778. — His Address to his Sister, 
 799. — A Messenger to him, 824. — He returns, and stops the Battle 
 by renewing the Proposal for the single Combat, 865. — ./Eneas comes 
 forward, 885. — The Combat begins, 901. — The Events by which it is 
 interrupted, 925. — Colloquy of Jupiter and Juno, which ends in Juno 
 relinquishing her Persecutions of the Trojans, iooj-j — Jupiter sends 
 down a Furv to terrify Juturna and Turnus : Its Effect, 1068. — Jutur- 
 na's touching Soliloquy, 1 100. — She Flies in despair, 1 1 20. — The 
 Combat: Turnus wounded, 1 166. — His Petition to ^Eneas, 1172. — 
 His Death, 1200. .......... 493 
 


 THE ^NEID. 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 SIXG of arms, and of the man who first 
 
 Came from the coasts of Troy to Italy 
 And the Lavinian shores, exiled by fate. 
 Much was he tossed about upon the lands 
 And on the ocean by supernal powers, 5 
 
 Because of cruel Juno's sleepless wrath. 
 Many things also suffered he in war, 
 Until he built a city, and his gods 
 Brought into Latium ; whence the Latin race, 
 The Alban sires, and walls of lofty Rome. 10 
 
 O Muse, the causes tell, for what affront, 
 
 And why incensed, the queen of gods compelled 
 
 A hero for his piety renowned 
 
 To undergo such sufferings and such toils. 
 
 Is there such anger in celestial minds? is 
 
2 The Mneid. 
 
 There was an ancient city, Carthage, held 
 By Tyrian settlers, facing from afar 
 Italia, and the distant Tiber's mouth f . 
 Rich in resources, fierce in war's pursuits:. 
 And this one city, Juno, it was said, 
 Far more than every other land esteemed, 
 Samos itself being less. Here were her arms, 
 Her chariot here ; e'en then the goddess strives 
 With earnest hope to found a kingdom here 
 Of universal sway, should fate permit. 
 (But of a race derived from Trojan blood 
 She had heard, who would o'erturn the Tyrian towers 
 One day, and that a people of wide rule, 
 And proud in war, descended thence, would come 
 For Lybia's doom. So did the Fates decree.^ 
 ThiTfearing, mindful of the former war 
 She had led at Troy for her beloved Greeks, 
 The causes of her ire and cruel griefs 
 Saturnia had not forgot, but still 
 
 Remembered, hoarded in her deepest thought, ss 
 
 The judgment given by Paris, and the affront | 
 
 Of beauty scorned, — the hated Trojan race, 
 And honors granted to rapt Ganymede. 
 Inflamed by these, she drove from Latium far 
 
Book i. 
 
 The Trojan remnant that escaped the Greeks, 
 And tierce Achilles; and for many years 
 They wandered, driven by fate, round all the seas. 
 Such ta.sk it was to found the Roman state. 
 
 Scarce out of sight of Sicily, they spread 
 
 Their sails with joyous hearts, and o'er the sea 45 
 
 With brazen prows were plunging through the foam, 
 
 When Juno, the eternal wound still fresh 
 
 Within her breast, thus with herself communed: — 
 
 " Shall I who have begun desist, o'ercome, 
 
 Nor avert from Italy this Trojan king? so 
 
 The Fates forbid, forsooth ! Shall Pallas burn 
 
 The fleet of the Greeks, and drown them in the sea, 
 
 All for the crime and furious lust of one, — 
 
 Ajax, Oileus' son ? She from the clouds 
 
 Snatched the swift fire of Jove, and hurling, smote ss 
 
 The ships, and scattered them, and upturned all 
 
 The sea with winds ;-*n^him, by whirlwinds seized, 
 
 And breathing rlames from his transfixed breast, 
 
 On a sharp rock impaled. But I, who move 
 
 Queen of the gods, Jove's sister and his spouse, 
 
 So many years with one sole race wage war. 
 
 And who henceforth will worship Juno's power, 
 
 Or suppliant at her altars lay his gifts?" 
 

 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Such things revolving in her flaming heart, 
 
 Unto iEolia, region of the clouds, 6 S 
 
 Places that teemed with furious winds, she came. 
 
 Here, in a cavern vast, King iEolus 
 
 Over the struggling winds and sounding storms 
 
 His empire holds, and binds them fast in chains. 
 
 They, chafing, with great mountain murmurs roar 7° 
 
 Around their cloisters. On his lofty seat 
 
 Sits iEolus, with sceptre, and their wrath 
 
 Assuages, and their fury moderates. 
 
 Else would they bear away, with rapid force, 
 
 Sea, earth, and heaven, and sweep them through the air. 75 
 
 But the omnipotent father, fearing this, 
 
 Hid them in gloomy caves, and o'er them set 
 
 The mass of lofty mountains ; and a king 
 
 Gave them, who, by a compact sure, might know 
 
 When to restrain and when to loose the reins. 
 
 To him then, suppliant, Juno spake these words : 
 
 " O iEolus, I know that unto thee, 
 
 80 
 
 The father of the gods and king of men 
 Grants to assuage and lift with winds the waves. 
 A race now sails upon the Tyrrhene Sea 
 Hostile to me, — Ilium to Italy 
 Transporting, and their conquered household gods. 
 
Book i. 
 
 5 
 
 Strike force into thy winds, and sink their ships, 
 
 Or drive them wide asunder, and the waves 
 
 Strew with their corpses. Twice seven nymphs are mine ; 
 
 The fairest, Deiopea, will I give m 
 
 To thee in wedlock hrm, to be thine own, 
 
 And, for such service, pass her years with thee, 
 
 And make thee father of a lovely race." 
 
 ./Eolus answered: "Thine, O queen, whate'er 
 Thou choosest to require ; 't is mine to obey. 
 Thou givest me whatever sovereignty 
 I hold, — my sceptre, and the favor of Jove, 
 
 And to recline at banquets of the gods, 
 
 And all the power I hold o'er clouds and storms." 
 
 95 
 
 Thus having said, with his inverted spear 
 
 Pie smote the hollow mountain on the side. 
 
 Then forth the winds, like some great marching host, 
 
 Vent being given, rush turbulent, and blow 
 
 In whirling storm abroad upon the lands: \ 
 
 Down pressing on the sea from lowest depths 
 
 Upturned, Eurus and Notus all in one 
 
 Blowing, and Africus with rainy squalls, 
 
 1 tense on the vast waves rolling to the shore. 
 
 io 5 
 
 *» 
 
6 The Aineid. 
 
 Then follow clamoring shouts of men, and noise no 
 
 Of whistling cordage. On a sudden, clouds 
 
 Snatch from the Trojans all the light of day 
 
 And the great sky. Black night lies on the sea. 
 
 The thunder rolls, the incessant lightnings flash ; 
 
 And to the crews all bodes a present death. 115 
 
 /Eneas' limbs relax with sudden cold ; 
 
 Groaning, his hands he stretches to the stars. 
 
 " O, thrice and four times happy they," he cries, 
 
 " To whom befell beneath Troy's lofty walls •" 
 
 To encounter death before their fathers' eyes ! 120 
 
 O Diomed, thou bravest of the Greeks, 
 
 Why could I not have fallen on Ilium's fields, 
 
 Pouring my warm life out beneath thy hand ? — 
 
 Where valiant Hector lies, by Achilles' spear 
 
 Slain, and where tall Sarpedon was o'erthrown, — 12s 
 
 Where Simoi's rolls along, bearing away 
 
 Beneath his waves so many shields and casques, 
 
 So many corpses of brave heroes slain ! " 
 
 Thus while he cried aloud, a roaring blast 
 From out the north strikes full against the sails, j;q 
 
 And the waves touch the stars ; the oars are snapped ; 
 The ship swings round, and gives to the waves its side. 
 
Book i. 
 
 \ tCCp And watery mountain rolls apace: 
 Some on its summit hang; and some beneath 
 Heboid tbe earth between the yawning waves: 135 
 
 Mingled with sand the boiling waters hiss. 
 On hidden rocks three ships the south-wind hurls, — : 
 Rocks by the Italian sailors Altars called; 
 A vast ridge on a level with the sea. 
 
 Three others by the east-wind from the deep ho 
 
 Aredriven upon the quicksands and the shoals, — 
 Dreadful to see, — upon the shallows dashed, 
 And girt around by drifting heaps of sand. 
 ' Orrev that conveyed the Lycians, and that bore 
 Faithful Orontes, there, before his eyes, 145 
 
 A huge sea from above strikes on the stern, 
 Dashing the pilot headlong on the waves. 
 Three. times the surges whirl the ship around, 
 In the swift vortex of the sea ingulfed ; 
 Then scattered swimmers in the vast abyss 150 
 
 Are seen, and arms, and planks, and Trojan spoils. 
 Now the strong ship of Ilioneus, now 
 Of brave Achates, and the barks that bore 
 Abas, and old Aletes, are o'erwhelmed, 
 And all their yawning sides with loosened joints 155 
 
 Drink in the bitter drench. 
 
 
8 The Alneid. 
 
 Meanwhile, below, 
 Neptune was conscious of the sea disturbed 
 With loud uproar, and of the tempest sent, 
 And the calm deeps convulsed. Profoundly moved, 
 He gazes up, and lifts his placid head 160 
 
 Above the waves ; /Eneas' scattered fleet 
 O'er all the ocean sees; the Trojan hosts 
 Oppressed with waves and the down-rushing sky. 
 And not to Juno's brother were unknown 
 Her arts and anger. Then to him he calls 165 
 
 Eurus and Zephyrus, and thus he speaks : — 
 " Can such reliance on your birth be yours, 
 O Winds, that now, without authority 
 Of mine, ye dare to mingle heaven and earth 
 In discord, and such mountain waves upraise ? 170 
 
 Whom I — But best allay these angry seas. 
 Not thus shall ye escape your next offence. 
 Away ! — say this unto your king : Not his 
 The empire of the seas, the trident stern, 
 But given to me, by fate. The savage rocks 17s 
 
 He holds, O Eurus, your abiding-place. 
 Let /Eolus boast his power within those halls, 
 And reign in the pent prison of the winds ! " 
 

 Book l 9 
 
 So spake the god : and swifter than his speech 
 
 He smooths the swelling waves, the gathered clouds i8a 
 
 Disperses, and the sunshine brings again. 
 
 With him Cymothoe and Triton bend 
 
 With all their force, and from the jagged rocks 
 
 Push off the ships : with trident he himself 
 
 I* pheaves them, and lays open the vast shoals, 185 
 
 And smooths the deep, as with light wheels he glides 
 
 Along the surface of the waves. As when 
 
 Sedition rises in a multitude, 
 
 And the base mob is raging with fierce minds, 
 
 And stones and firebrands fly, and fury lends 190 
 
 Arms to the populace, — then should some man 
 
 Oi reverence and of worth appear, they stand 
 
 Silent, and listen with attentive ears : 
 
 He rules their minds with words, and calms their 
 
 breasts : 
 So all the clamor of the sea subsides, 195 
 
 When, looking forth, the father, borne along 
 Beneath the open sky, directs his steeds, 
 And flying, to his swift car gives the reins. 
 
 The weary Trojans aim to reach the shores 
 That nearest lie, and turn to the Lvbian coasts. 
 
 
io The Aineid. 
 
 Within a deep recess there is a place 
 
 Where with its jutting sides an island forms- 
 
 A port, by which the rolling ocean waves 
 
 Are broken, and divide in lesser curves. 
 
 On either side vast rocks and twin-like cliffs 205 
 
 Threaten the sky ; beneath whose towering tops 
 
 The sea lies safe and tranquil all around. 
 
 Above, a wall, with trembling foliage stands, 
 
 O'ershadowed by a dark and gloomy grove; 
 
 And underneath the opposing front, a cave 210 
 
 Amid the hanging cliffs is seen. Within 
 
 Are pleasant springs, and seats of natural rock, 
 
 A dwelling for the nymphs. No cable here, 
 
 Nor any anchor holds with crooked fluke 
 
 The weary ships. Hither iEneas brings 215 
 
 Seven of the ships collected from his fleet. 
 
 And here, with a great longing for the land, 
 
 The Trojans disembark, and gain the beach 
 
 Desired ; and drenched and dripping with the brine, 
 
 They stretch their weary limbs upon the shore. 220 
 
 And first, with flint, Achates struck a spark, 
 
 And caught the fire in leaves ; and round about 
 
 Dry fuel piled, and swiftly fanned the flame. 
 
 They bring forth then their corn, by water spoiled, 
 
Book L I I 
 
 Ami implements of Ceres, — with their toils 
 Exhausted, — ami prepare to scorch with fire 
 Their rescued grain, ami break it with a stone. 
 
 Meanwhile .Tneas climbs upon a cliff, 
 
 nd far out on the ocean strains his eyes, 
 It any one like Antheus he may espy, »3° 
 
 I ssed by the wind in any Phrygian bark; 
 Or Capys, or Calous, with his arms 
 
 i the stern. No sail in sight. Three stags 
 I . m the shore, straying about, he sees; 
 And following these the whole herd comes behind, *ss 
 And browses all along the valleys. Here 
 He stopped and seized his bow and arrows swift, 
 Which arms the trust v Achates bore. And first 
 The leaders he strikes down, their lofty heads 
 With branching antlers crowned; and next he smites =4° 
 The vulgar herd, and drives them with his darts, 
 Mixed in confusion through the leafy woods. 
 Nor does the victor stop till he has felled 
 Seven huge beasts, the number of his ship^; 
 Then to the port returning, parts the prcv ^45 
 
 Among his comrades. And the wines with which 
 The good Acestes had filled full their ca.-ks, 
 
12 The sEneid. 
 
 On the Trinacrian shore, when leaving him, 
 
 These he divides among them ; and with words 
 
 Of comfort thus consoles their sorrowing hearts : — 250 
 
 " O friends, who greater sufferings still have borne, 
 
 (For not unknown to us are former griefs,) 
 
 An end also to these the deity 
 
 Will give. You have approached the furious rage 
 
 Of Scylla, and her hoarse resounding cliffs. 255 
 
 You the Cyclopean rocks have known full well. 
 
 Recall your courage ; banish gloomy fears. 
 
 Some day perhaps the memory of these things 
 
 Shall yield delight. Through various accidents, 
 
 Through many a strait of fortune, we are bound 260 
 
 For Latium, where our fates point out to us 
 
 A quiet resting-place. There 't is decreed 
 
 Troy's kingdom shall arise again. Be firm, 
 
 And keep vour hearts in hope of brighter days." 
 
 Such were his words : yet sick with weighty cares, 265 
 
 He in his features but dissembled hope, 
 
 And pressed his heavy trouble down. But they 
 
 Busy themselves about their captured game, 
 
 And preparations for approaching feasts. 
 
 
Book i. 13 
 
 The skin from off the ribs they Btrip, lay hare »;o 
 
 The carcasse8, and CUt the meat apart, 
 
 And fix the quivering limbs upon the spits. 
 
 Others set brazen caldrons on the_sand, 
 
 And tend the rires beneath ; then they refresh 
 
 Their strength with food, and, stretched upon the grass, 275 
 
 With the old wine and juicy meat are rilled. 
 
 Hunger appeased, and dishes then removed, 
 
 In long discourse about their comrades lost 
 
 They make conjectures, between hope and fear, 
 
 Uncertain if they still may be alive, *8o 
 
 Or have suffered death, nor hear when they are called. 
 
 Chierlv the good /Eneas mourns the lot 
 
 And cruel fate, now of Orontes brave, 
 
 And now of Amycus, and Gyas strong, 
 
 And strong Cloanthus. 
 
 Now there was an end 185 
 
 At length ; when Jove from his ethereal heights 
 Upon the sail-winged ocean looking down, 
 And the wide lands, and shores, and nations spread 
 Beneath, stood on the pinnacle of heaven, 
 f AikI on the realm of Lybia fixed his eyes. 
 But him, revolving in his mind such cares, 
 Venus, more ^ad than was her wont, addressed, 
 
1 4 The AUneid. 
 
 Her brilliant eyes suffused with tears : " O thou 
 
 Who rulest over men and gods with sway 
 
 Eternal, — terrible with lightnings ! — what 295 
 
 Offence so great has my i^neas done 
 
 'Gainst thee, what have the Trojans done, that they, 
 
 Suffering so many deaths, the earth entire, 
 
 On Italy's account, is shut to them ? 
 
 For surely thou didst promise that one day 3°° 
 
 In the revolving years, from these should spring 
 
 The Romans, leaders from the Teucrian blood 
 
 Restored, and hold the sea, and hold the land 
 
 In sovereign sway. What new resolve has changed 
 
 Thy mind, O sire? For I was wont with this* 3°5 
 
 Myself to solace for Troy's overthrow, 
 
 And its sad ruin, weighing adverse fates 
 
 With fates. But now the same mischance pursues 
 
 These men long driven by calamities. 
 
 What end giv'st thou, great king, unto their toils? 3'° 
 
 Antenor, from the midst of Grecian hosts 
 
 Escaped, was able, safe, to penetrate 
 
 The Illyrian bay, and see the interior realms 
 
 Of the Liburni ; and to pass beyond 
 
 The source of the Timavus, issuing whence, 3>s 
 
 With a vast mountain murmur from nine springs, 
 
 
Book i. 15 
 
 A bursting Hood goes forth, and on the fields 
 
 Crowds with resounding waters. Yet he here 
 
 Founded the walls of Padua, and built 
 
 The Trojan seats, and to the people gave 3" 
 
 A name, and there affixed the arms of Troy. 
 
 Now, laid at rest, he sleeps in placid peace. 
 
 But we, thy offspring, to whom thou dost give 
 
 The promise of the palaces of heaven, — 
 
 Our ships are lost, — ah bitter woe! — and we 3*5 
 
 Betrayed, to satisfy the wrath of one, 
 
 driven far from the Italian shores. 
 Is this the reward of filial piety ? 
 And dost thou thus restore our sceptred sway ? " 
 
 Then with that countenance with which he calms 33^ 
 
 The stormy skies, the Sire of men and gods, 
 
 Smiling, his daughter fondly kissed, and spake: — 
 
 " Spare thy fears, Cytherea, for unmoved 
 
 Thy people's fates remain for thee ; and thou 
 
 Shalt see Lavinium and its promised walls, 335 
 
 And to the stars of heaven shalt bear sublime 
 
 The noble-souled /Eneas ; nor do I turn 
 
 From my intent. He (but to thee alone 
 
 I tell it, since these cares oppress thy mind ; 
 
/ 
 
 1 6 The Aineid. 
 
 The secrets of the Fates revolving far 34° 
 
 In future eras, I for thee will move), — 
 
 He on Italia a great war shall wage, 
 
 And shall subdue the fierce and hostile tribes, 
 
 And give them laws, and manners, and walled towns, 
 
 Till the third summer shall have seen him king 345 
 
 In Latium, and three winters shall have passed 
 
 After the Rutuli have been subdued. 
 
 But the young boy Ascanius, unto whom 
 
 The name lulus now is added (he 
 
 Ilus was called, while stood the Ilian realm), — 35° 
 
 Thirty great circles of revolving months 
 
 Shall in his reign complete, and shall transfer 
 
 The kingdom from Lavinium, and with strength 
 
 Fortify Alba-Longa. Here shall reign 
 
 Kings of Hectorean race, three hundred years, 355 
 
 Till Ilia, a priestess and a queen, 
 
 Pregnant by Mars, has given birth to twins. 
 
 Then, in the tawny shelter of a wolf, 
 
 His nurse, exulting, Romulus shall take 
 
 The nation in his sway, and build the walls 360 
 
 Of the Mavortian city, and his name 
 
 Give to the Romans. Nor shall I to them 
 
 Set bounds or seasons. Empire without end 
 
 \ 
 
Book i. 1 7 
 
 I have given. Nay, harsh Juno, who disturbs 
 
 With fear the sea and land and sky, will change 3 6 5 
 
 Her counsels for the better, and with me 
 
 Cherish the Romans, masters of affairs, 
 
 The toga'd nation. Such is my decree. 
 
 An age is coming in the gliding years, 
 
 When the descendants of Assaracus 370 
 
 Phthia and famed Mycenae shall subdue, 
 
 And conquered Argos. Of illustrious birth 
 
 The Trojan Ca?sar shall be born, whose sway 
 
 The ocean, and whose fame the stars alone 
 
 Shall limit; — Julius called, — a name derived 375 
 
 From great lulus. Free from all thy cares, 
 
 At length to heaven thou shalt receive him, rich 
 
 With Orient spoilsyinvoked with prayers and vows. 
 
 Then shall the barbarous centuries grow mild, 
 
 Wars end, and gray-haired Faith and Vesta rule ; 380 
 
 And Romulus with his brother Remus give 
 
 Laws to the land. The dreadful gates of war 
 
 Will then be shut with iron bolts and bars. 
 
 he wicked Furor on his cruel arms, 
 
 jund with a hundred brazen knots behind, 385 
 
 ill sit within, and rage with bloody mouth." 
 3 
 
lg The yEneid. 
 
 He said; and from on high sends down the son . 
 
 Of Maia, that the lands and new-built towers 
 
 Of Carthage might be opened to receive 
 
 As guests the Trojans ; lest in ignorance 
 
 Of fate, Dido should drive them from her shores. 
 
 Through the vast air with rowing wings he flies, 
 And quickly alighted on the Lybian coasts. 
 And now he executes his high commands ; 
 And at his will the Carthaginians lay 
 Aside their fierceness ; and the queen in chief 
 Toward the Trojans turns with friendly thoughts. 
 
 But good ^neas, pondering many things 
 
 All through the night, soon as the cheering dawn 
 
 Of day should come, resolved to issue forth, 
 
 And to explore this country all unknown ; 
 
 Upon what shores the wind had driven him ; 
 
 By whom inhabited, orjnen or beasts, 
 
 For all seemed wild,-and to his friends report 
 
 What he might find. Beneath a hollow rock 
 With overhanging woods he hid his fleet, 
 Shut in around by trees and gloomy shades. 
 Then forth he goes, accompanied alone 
 By Achates; in his hand two broad-tipped spear 
 
 B 
 
Book i. 19 
 
 413 
 
 To him then, in the middle of a wood, "N 
 
 Appeared his mother, with a virgin's face 
 
 And robe, and weapons of a virgin too; 
 
 Either ot Spartan race, or like the fair 
 
 Thracian Harpalyce when she fatigues 
 
 Her steeds, more swift than Hebrus in his course. 415 
 
 or from the shoulders of the huntress hung: 
 The ready bow, and to the winds she had given 
 Her loosened locks. Bare to the knee she stood. 
 Her flowing robe was gathered in a knot. 
 " Ho, warriors ! " she cried ; " tell me if ye 4=0 
 
 Any one of my sisters here have seen 
 Wandering, with quiver girt, and spotted hide 
 Of* lynx; or pressing on the foaming boar 
 With clamorous cries." So Venus spoke; and thus 
 Her son : " None of thy sisters have I seen 415 
 
 Or heard ; O Virgin ! tell me by what name 
 Shall I address thee ; for thy countenance, 
 Thy voice, are not a mortal's ; surely then 
 A goddess, — Phoebus' sister, or a nymph. 
 O, be propitious ! and, whoe'er thou art, 43° 
 
 Relieve our sufferings; tell us in what clime, 
 On what shores, we are cast; for ignorant 
 Alike of men and places here we stray, 
 
20 The Aineid. 
 
 Driven hither by the winds and by the waves; 
 
 And on thy altars many victims slain 43s 
 
 We '11 offer thee ! " Then Venus : " I indeed 
 
 Am all unworthy to receive such honor. 
 
 It is the custom of the Tyrian maids 
 
 To bear the quiver, and about the leg 
 
 To bind the purple buskin. Tyrians here 440 
 
 Thou seest, — Agenor's city, and the realm 
 
 Of Carthage, on the Lybian land, — a race 
 
 Untamable in war. Dido from Tyre 
 
 The kingdom rules, who from her brother fled. 
 
 Long is the story of her wrongs, and long 445 
 
 Its windings; but the chief events I '11 tell. 
 
 Sychasus was her spouse, of all Phoenicians 
 
 The wealthiest in lands, and greatly loved 
 
 By her, unhappy. She was given to him 
 
 A virgin by her father, and was wed 45° 
 
 With fairest omens. But Pygmalion, 
 
 Her brother, ruled in Tyre ; a monster he 
 
 Of crime. A feud arose between the two. 
 
 Regardless of his sister's wedded love, 
 
 He, blind with lust of gold, in secrecy 45s 
 
 The unguarded husband at the altar slew. 
 
 Long he concealed the crime, and wickedly 
 
 
J 
 
 Book I. 2 I 
 
 Inventing many a talc, the loving queen 
 
 Deceived with empty hope. Hut in her sleep 
 
 The gEost of her unhuricd husband came, 460 
 
 Lifting a visage marvellously pale; 
 
 And showed the cruel altars, and laid bare 
 
 The breast the dagger pierced, uncovering all 
 
 The hidden crimes of his detested house; 
 
 And counselled her to leave the land, and fly; 465 
 
 And, for her journey's aid, disclosed to her 
 
 Much ancient treasure hidden in the earth, 
 
 An unknown heap of silver and of gold. 
 
 Thus moved, Dido prepared for flight, and chose 
 
 Companions. All assembled who were led 470 
 
 By hatred of the tyrant or by fear. 
 
 They seized upon some ships, ready by chance, 
 
 And loaded them with treasure; and the wealth 
 
 Of covetous Pygmalion was conveyed 
 
 Away across the sea. A woman led 4-5 
 
 The enterprise. They reached the shores (where now 
 
 Soon thou shalt see the mighty battlements 
 
 And citadel of our new Carthage rise), 
 
 And purchased ground, called Byrsa, from the fact, — 
 
 As much as a bull's hide could compass round. 
 
 " But who are ye ? From what shores do ye come ? 
 
22 The Aineid. 
 
 And whither are ye going ? " With a sigh, 
 
 And voice dragged from his deepest breast, he spoke: — 
 
 " O goddess, if I should recount our woes 
 
 From their first origin, and thou find time 4S5 
 
 To hear, the evening star would lead the day 
 
 To rest, and all the Olympian sky be shut! 
 
 " From ancient Troy, if thou perchance hast heard 
 The name of Troy, we have been driven by storms 
 O'er various seas, upon these Lybian coasts. 49° 
 
 I am called the good iEneas, known to fame 
 Above the ether, who our household gods 
 Snatched from our enemies, and in my fleet 
 Convey. Italia, my ancestral land, 
 
 And the race sprung from Jove supreme, I seek. 495 
 
 With twice ten ships upon the Phrygian Sea, 
 My divine mother showing me the way, 
 I, following my destinies, embarked. 
 Scarce seven of these, shattered by storms, are^aved. 
 And I, unknown and needy, traverse here 5°° 
 
 The Lybian deserts, banished from the shores 
 Of Europe, and of Asia — " 
 
 But no more 
 Did Venus suffer of her son's complaint, 
 But in the middle of his grief, thus spoke : — 
 
 
Book i. 23 
 
 "Whoe'er thou art, not hated, I believe, 5 5 
 
 By the Celestials, dost thou breathe this air, 
 
 Since to the Tynan city thou hast come. 
 
 Continue now thy course, and hence proceed 
 
 Tow aid the royal palace of the queen. 
 
 For I announce to thee thy friends returned, s 10 
 
 Thy fleet brought back into a harbor safe, 
 
 The north-winds having changed; unless to me 
 
 My parents taught false augury, self-deceived. 
 
 See yon twelve swans rejoicing in a flock, 
 
 Which, but a moment since, Jove's eagle scared, s'5 
 
 And gliding from on high, drove through the air. 
 
 Now in long line either o*n earth they light, 
 
 Or, looking down, see their companions lit. 
 
 As they, returning, sport with whistling wings, 
 
 Clustered together with their joyful cries, 520 
 
 Just so thy ships and thy brave youths e'en now 
 
 Are either safe in port, or sailing in. 
 
 Go then, and, as thy path leads, bend thy steps." 
 
 She said ; and turning, gleamed with rosy neck, 
 
 And from Tier head divinest odors breathed 5*5 
 
 In her ambrosial hair. Around her feet 
 
 Floated her flowing robe ; and in her gait 
 
24 The sEneid. 
 
 r 
 
 All the true goddess was revealed. But he, 
 
 When now he knew his mother as she fled, 
 
 Thus followed with his voice: "Ah, why so oft 53° 
 
 Dost thou deceive thy son, thou cruel too, 
 
 With airy images ? Why not join hand 
 
 With hand, and real language hear and speak ? " 
 
 Thus he reproaches her, and onward moves 
 Toward the walls. But Venus with a mist 53s 
 
 Obscured them, walking, and around their forms 
 Wove a thick veil, lest any should perceive 
 Or harm them, or delay, or seek to know 
 Why they had come. Jkit she herself on high 
 Her way to Paphos took, and saw again 540 
 
 With joy her seats, and saw her temples, where 
 A hundred altars stand, and glow with sweet 
 Sabaean incense, and with fresh-culled flowers. 
 
 Following their pathway then they hastened or 
 
 And now a hill ascended, which o'erlooked 545 
 
 The city and its towers. ./Eneas there 
 
 Admires the mass of buildings, once mere huts; 
 
 Admires the gates, the bustle, and the streets. 
 
 The ardent Tyrians urge their busy tasks ; 
 
 Some at the walls, some at the citadel 550 
 
Book l 25 
 
 Toil, rolling up the stones. Some choose a spot 
 
 For building, and a furrow trace around. 
 
 And forms of law and magistrates they make, 
 
 And choose a reverend senate. Others here 
 
 Are scooping docks ; and others still lay down 555 
 
 The large foundations of a theatre, 
 
 And cut huge columns from the quarried rocks, 
 
 The lofty ornaments for future scenes. 
 
 As in the early summer when the bees 
 
 Toil in the sunshine through the flowery fields, 5 60 
 
 And lead their full-grown offspring from their hives; 
 
 Or pack their liquid honey into cells, 
 
 Distending them with nectar sweet ; or take 
 
 The loads of those that come ; or forming lines, 
 
 Expel the lazy drones ; the work grows warm, s 6 5 
 
 And all the honey smells of fragrant thyme. 
 
 " O happy ye, whose walls are rising now ! " 
 
 iEneas says, as on their towers he looks ; 
 
 Then onward moves, surrounded by the cloud, 
 
 And, wonderful to tell, amid the throng 570 
 
 Mingles, and passes through, unseen by all. 
 
 There stood a grove within the city's midst, 
 Delicious for its shade ; where, when they came 
 4 
 
 • 
 
26 The Aliieid. 
 
 First to this place, by waves and tempest tossed, 
 
 The Carthaginians from the earth dug up 575 
 
 An omen royal Juno had foretold 
 
 That they should find, a noble horse's head ; 
 
 Thus intimating that this race would shine, 
 
 Famous in^ar, and furnished with supplies, 
 
 For ages. Here the great Sidonian queen sSo 
 
 A temple built to Juno, rich in gifts, 
 
 And in the presence of the goddess blessed. 
 
 A brazen threshold rose above the steps, 
 
 With brazen posts connecting, and the hinge 
 
 Creaked upon brazen doors. / Within this grove 585 
 
 A new thing they beheld, which their first fear 
 
 Relieved ; and here iEneas first began 
 
 To hope for safety, with a better trust 
 
 In his afflicted state, j For while he waits 
 
 The coming of the queen, and looks around 59° . L 
 
 At every object in the spacious temple, 
 
 And on the city's fortune wondering, 
 
 And skill and labor of the artisans, 
 
 He sees the Trojan battles painted there 
 
 In order, and the wars now known to fame 595 
 
 Through the whole earth. The Atrida? there he sees, 
 
 And Priam, and Achilles, foe to both. 
 
 . 
 
Book i. 27 
 
 Fixed to the spot he stood, and weeping, said : 
 
 " What place, Achates, and what land on earth 
 
 Is not replete with stories of our woes? 
 
 See, Priam! — Worthy deeds e'en here are praised, 
 
 And mortal sufferings move their thoughts and tears. 
 
 Banish all tear! This fame some safety hrings." 
 
 So saying, lie on the unreal picture fed 
 
 His mind, with heavy sighs, and streaming tears. 
 
 For now he saw how, battling around Troy, 
 
 Here tied the Greeks, and pressed the Trojan youths, 
 
 The Phrygians there, and crested Achilles urged 
 
 His chariot on. And next, with tears, he saw 
 
 The snow-white tents of Rhesus, which, betrayed 610 
 
 By the first sleep, the cruel Diomed 
 
 Laid waste with carnage, and into his camp 
 
 The fiery coursers turned, ere they should taste 
 
 Of Trojan pasture, or drink the Xanthian wave. 
 
 Here Troilus he see^ the unhappy youth 615 
 
 Flying, his shield lost, in unequal fight 
 
 Met by Achilles; now by his horses whirled, 
 
 Still to his empty chariot, thrown to earth, 
 
 Grasping his reins, he clings ; his neck and hair 
 
 Along the earth are dragged, and through the du^t 6ao 
 
 His pointed spear reversed makes idle tracks. 
 
62; 
 
 28 The Aineid. 
 
 Meanwhile the Trojan women to the shrine 
 
 Of unpropitious Pallas go, with hair 
 
 Unbound, wearing the peplus, suppliant all 
 
 And sad, and beat their breasts. The goddess still 
 
 Averts her eyes fixed sternly on the ground. 
 
 Three times Achilles round the walls of Troy 
 
 Had dragged the lifeless Hector, and his corpse 
 
 Was bartering for gold. iEneas here 
 
 Groaned from his inmost breast, as he beheld 630 
 
 The chariot, spoils, and his friend's corpse itself; 
 
 And Priam stretching out his helpless arms. 
 
 Also himself he saw, mixed with the chiefs 
 
 Of Greece, and the Eastern forces, and the arms 
 
 Of swarthy Memnon. Penthesilea next, 6 35 
 
 Raging, led on the Amazonian bands, 
 
 With crescent bucklers, eager in the fight ; 
 
 A golden girdle 'neath her naked breast ; — 
 
 A maiden warrior, daring to contend^ 
 
 With men ! 
 
 While thus /Eneas wondering views 640 
 
 These things, and stands with a bewildered gaze, 
 Dido the queen in all her loveliness 
 Has come into the temple, a great band 
 Of warrior youths attending on her steps. 
 
Book i. 29 
 
 As on Eurota's banks, or on the tops 645 
 
 Of Cynthus, when Diana leads along 
 
 Her dancing choirs, a thousand mountain nymphs 
 
 Follow and cluster, right and left; but she, 
 
 Bearing the quiver on her shoulder, walks 
 
 Taller than all the goddesses around; 65° 
 
 While silent rapture fills Latona's breast : — 
 
 Such Dido was, as radiantly she stood 
 
 Amid the throng, heium4ftd-bent on affairs, % # 
 
 And busy-w~rtk4ier future sovereignty. / 
 
 Then in the temple's sacred gates, beneath „ £55 
 
 The vaulted roof, her armed bands around, 
 
 And raised upon a lofty throne, she sat, 
 
 To administer the laws and rights to all, 
 
 And by division just to equalize 
 
 Their tasks, or else determine them by lot : — 660 
 
 When suddenly JEneas sees approach, 
 
 With a great multitude surrounding them, 
 
 Antheus, Sergestus, and the strong Cloanthus, 
 
 And other Trojans, whom the frowning storm 
 
 Had scattered on the sea, or carried off* 665 
 
 To other coasts. Astonished he stood there, 
 
 As did Achates^ struck with joy and fear. 
 
 Eager, they burned to grasp their comrades' hands ; 
 
30 The Aineid. 
 
 But the uncertain issue troubled them. 
 
 So they refrain, and from their hollow cloud 6 7 o 
 
 Observe what chance may have befallen their friends ; 
 
 Upon what shore they left their fleet, and why 
 
 They came together ; for from every ship 
 
 They came, as though selected, and approached 
 
 The temple, loudly begging to be heard. 675 
 
 • 
 
 \yhen they had entered, and full leave was given 
 
 To speak, their eldest, Ilioneus, thus 
 
 With tranquil tones began J "O queen, to whom 
 
 Jove has given power to found a city new, 
 
 And with just rule to curb the haughty tribes, 6S0 
 
 We, miserable Trojans, tossed about 
 
 By storms upon the seas, appeal to thee. 
 
 Defend our galleys from the dreadful flames ; 
 
 Spare a devout and unoffending race, 
 
 And take a nearer view of our affairs. 6S5 
 
 e do not come with swords to desolate 
 
 The Lybian homes, or to the shores bear off 
 
 The plunder. No such hostile mind is ours; 
 
 Nor can we, vanquished, entertain such pride. 
 
 There is a place, by Greeks Hesperia called ; 690 
 
 An ancient land it is, potent in arms, 
 
 
Book I. ^31 
 
 And rich in fertile soil ; by CEnotrian men 
 
 Once tilled. Now, their descendants, it is said, 
 
 Call it Italia, from their leader's name. 
 
 Hither our course was shaped, when suddenly, 695 
 
 Stormy Orion rising, on blind shoals 
 
 Swept us, the sport of insolent south-winds, 
 
 And overpowered by the drenching brine, 
 
 Across the sea, and over pathless rocks ; 
 
 Hither we few have floated to your shores. 7°° 
 
 But what a race is this, — what barbarous land, 
 
 Permitting such a custom, — to refuse 
 
 Its sea-coast's barren hospitalities, 
 
 And stir up war on us, forbid to set 
 
 Our feet upon the first shore that we see! 7°s 
 
 If ye despise the human race, and arms 
 
 Of mortal men, yet must ye know the gods 
 
 Arejnindful evermore of right and wrong. 
 
 ./Eneas was our king, than whom no man 
 
 More just in piety e'er lived, or great :*> 
 
 In war and arms; whom if the Fates preserve, — 
 
 If still he breathes the ethereal air, not yet 
 
 A dweller in the cruel shades of death, — 
 
 We have no fear that thou wilt e'er repent 
 
 To have surpassed him in a generous deed. 7>s 
 
3 2 The ^Eneid. 
 
 In the Sicilian lands there are fields for us, 
 
 And cities; and renowned Acestes there 
 
 Derives his lineage from the Trojan blood. 
 
 Suffer us but to draw on shore our fleet 
 
 Shattered by winds, and from the woods to choose 7*0 
 
 New timbers and new oars, if so we may, 
 
 Holding our course to Italy, our friends 
 
 And king restored, joyfully yet attain 
 
 That land and Latium.X But if our chief hope 
 
 Is gone, — if thee, best father of our race, 725 
 
 The Lybian sea ingulfs, nor hope remains 
 
 Of young lulus, — we may seek at least 
 
 The straits of Sicily, the seats prepared 
 
 In King Acestes' realm, from which we came." 
 
 Thus pleaded Ilioneus. With one voice 730 
 
 The other Trojans murmured their consent. 
 
 Then briefly Dido spoke, with downcast eyes : — 
 
 " Trojans, dismiss your fears, banish your cares. 
 
 Experience hard, and my new kingdom's needs 
 
 Force me to use such measures, and to guard 735 
 
 My boundaries far and wide. But who knows not 
 
 Eneas' race, and Troy, — her valorous deeds, 
 
 Her men, and devastations of her war ? 
 
 
Book i. 2>3 
 
 We Carthaginians bear not hearts so dull ; 
 
 Nor docs the Sun his combers yoke so far 740 
 
 From this our Tynan city. Whether you 
 
 The great Hesperia and Saturnian tields 
 
 Desire, or land of Eryx, and the king 
 
 Acestes, I will send you safe away, 
 
 With help from my resources. Or if here 745 
 
 On equal terms with us ye would remain, 
 
 The city which I build is yours. Draw up 
 
 Your ships. Trojans and Tyrians from me 
 
 Shall no distinction know. And would to heaven 
 
 Your king himself, /Eneas, hither borne 75° 
 
 Bv those same winds, might come ! I to the coasts 
 
 Will send sure messengers, and give commands 
 
 To search the farthest parts of Lybia, 
 
 It, wrecked, he wanders in some wood or town." 
 
 Their minds excited by these words, long since 755 
 
 ./Eneas and Achates burned to break 
 
 Forth from the cloud. But first Achates urged 
 
 ./Eneas thus : " O thou of birth divine, 
 
 What wish is this that rises in thy mind ? 
 
 All now is safe, — our fleet, our friends restored ; — 760 
 
 One only absent, whom with our own eyes 
 
 5 
 
34 The Alneid. 
 
 We saw the sea ingulf; but all the rest 
 
 Accords with what thy mother's words foretold." 
 
 Scarce had he spoken, when the veiling cloud 
 
 Suddenly broke, dissolving into air. 765 
 
 There stood /Eneas, shining in the light, 
 
 With countenance and shoulders like a god. 
 
 For she herself, his mother, on her son 
 
 Had breathed a glory in his locks, and light 
 
 Of radiant youth, and splendor in his eyes. 770 
 
 So skill adds beauty to the ivory, 
 
 Or gives the silver or the Parian stone 
 
 Setting of yellow gold. Then to the queen, 
 
 Sudden and unforeseen by all, he said : — 
 
 " Behold me here before you, — him you seek, 775 
 
 Trojan iEneas, snatched from Lybian waves'- 
 
 O thou who alone hast pitied our woes, — 
 
 The unutterable sufferings of our Troy! 
 
 Who to us, a remnant from the Greeks, long tossed 
 
 On sea and land, by much disaster worn, 7*° 
 
 And wanting everything, dost give a share 
 
 Of city and home ; — it is not in our power, 
 
 () Dido! nor in that of any men 
 
 Of Trojan race, scattered about the world, 
 
 To give thee worthy thanks. If anywhere r*.< 
 
Book i. 35 
 
 The gods regard the good ; it" anywhere 
 Be justice, and a mind within itself 
 Conscious of rectitude, — the gods shall give 
 
 Deserved reward to thee. What times so blest 
 
 A.S those that hear thee? Or what parents boast -9° 
 
 Such offspring? While the rivers to the sea 
 
 Shall run, — while mountain shadows move around 
 
 Their sides, — and while the heavens shall feed the stars, 
 
 So long thy honor, and thy name and praise 
 
 Shall last, whatever lands may call me hence." 79s 
 
 This said, wrth his right hand he grasps the hand 
 
 Of Ilioneus, Serestus with his left : — 
 
 Then Gvas, and Cloanthus, and the rest. 
 
 Dumb with amazement at first sight of him 
 
 And his hard lot, Sidonian Dido stood, 800 
 
 And thus began : " O thou of birth divine, 
 
 \\ hat destiny pursues thee through a course 
 
 Of so much peril ? On these savage coasts 
 
 What power has thrown thee ? Art thou then indeed 
 
 T.neas, whom the lovely Venus bore 805 
 
 To Anchises by the Phrygian Simois' wave? 
 
 And I indeed recall that Teucer came 
 
 To Sidon, from his native land expelled, 
 
6 
 
 6 The Aineid. 
 
 For a new kingdom seeking, with the help 
 
 Of Belus: he, my father, at that time 810 
 
 Was devastating Cyprus, which, subdued, 
 
 He held ; and from that day were known to me 
 
 The Trojan city's fortunes, and thy name, 
 
 And the Pelasgian kings. Thy enemy 
 
 Himself the Trojan nation loudly praised, 815 
 
 And deemed himself descended from their line. 
 
 Come then, O warriors, enter our abodes ! 
 
 I also from calamities like yours 
 
 Have suffered much, till here I set my feet. 
 
 Not ignorant of trouble, I have learned 8*° 
 
 To succor the distressed." 
 
 As thus she spoke, 
 She^eads /Eneas to the royal courts ; 
 And in^tkje temples of the gods, commands 
 A sacrifice. Meanwhile, with no less care, 
 Down to the sea-shore twenty bulls she sends, 8*s 
 
 mndred bristly backs of full-grown swine, 
 of fat lambs a hundred, with their dams. 
 Such were her gifts, for joyous feasts designed. 
 
 Int all the interior palace is arranged 
 
 V 7 ith splendor and with regal luxury, 8 5 o 
 
 And banquets are prepared, and draperies 
 
Book i. 3 7 
 
 Of purple dye, elaborately wrought; 
 
 And on the tables massive silver shines, 
 
 And records of ancestral deeds, engraved 
 
 In gold, in a long series of events *^ 
 
 Traced step by step from ancient lineage down. 
 
 yEneas — for a father's love forbade 
 
 His mind repose — the swift Achates sends 
 
 Back to the ships, to bear to Ascanius 
 
 The tidings, and to lead him to the city. 840 
 
 In his Ascanius centres all his care. 
 
 Gifts too, that from the wreck of Troy were snatched, 
 
 He orders him to bring ; a mantle stiff 
 
 With figures and with gold; also a veil 
 
 With satfron-hued acanthus broidered round ; — 845 
 
 The Grecian Helen's ornaments, the rare 
 
 And wondrous gifts her mother Leda gave, 
 
 And which her daughter from Mycenae brought 
 
 To Troy, seeking illicit marriage rites. 
 
 Also the sceptre Ilione once had borne, s 5 o 
 
 Eldest of Priam's daughters ; — and with these 
 
 A beaded necklace, and a diadem 
 
 Double with gems and gold. Hastening for these, 
 
 Achates to the ships pursued his way. 
 
38 
 
 The yEneid. 
 
 But Cytherea in her breast revolves 85s 
 
 New arts and new designs ; that Cupid, changed 
 
 In face and form, may pass for Ascanius, 
 
 Inflame with gifts the ardent queen, and send 
 
 The fire of love through all her glowing limbs. 
 
 For she the dubious faith and double tongues S60 
 
 Of Tyrians fears. Fierce Juno vexes her; 
 
 And with the night her troubled thoughts return. 
 
 Then to the winged god of love she speaks: 
 
 " O son, who art my strength, my mighty power; 
 
 Son, who alone the dread Typhoean bolts S65 
 
 Of the great father dost despise ; to thee 
 
 I fly, and suppliant demand thy aid. 
 
 How by fell Juno's hate, on every coast 
 
 Thy brother /Eneas is driven about the seas, 
 
 Thou knowest, and often sorrowest for our grief. s 70 
 
 Him the Phoenician Dido with sweet words 
 
 Detains ; and I have fears how it may fare 
 
 With these Junonian hospitalities. 
 
 At such a turning-point in these affairs 
 
 She will not pause. Therefore I meditate S75 
 
 How I beforehand may possess this queen, 
 
 And gird her round with flames, lest she should change 
 
 By influence oi any deity, 
 
 \ 
 

 Book i. 39 
 
 But side with me in the great love she bears 
 
 To /Eneas. In what way thou canst do this, — sso 
 
 Now listen to my scheme. The princely boy 
 
 rhis is my cherished plan) prepares to go 
 To Carthage, at the summons of his sire, 
 With gifts from seas and from the flames of Troy 
 Rescued. /Him, having lulled in deepest sleep, ss 5 
 
 I shall conceal on high Cythera's top, 
 Or on Idalium, my sacred seat, 
 
 Lest he should know our wiles, or thwart our schemes. 
 / Do thou with guileful art assume his face 
 Not longer than one night, and, boy thyself, 890 
 
 Put on the well-known features of the boy. 
 And when the joyous Dido takes thee up 
 Upon her lap, amid the royal feast, 
 When the Lyasan wine is foaming high ; 
 When she embraces thee with kisses soft, — 893 
 
 Then breathe into her heart thy hidden fire, 
 Beguiling her with poison." Love ojpeys 
 The charge of his dear mother, dffrs his wings, 
 And smiling imitates lulus? gait. 
 
 But Venus with a placid steep bedew r s 9 00 
 
 Ascanius' limbs, and fonc™ taking him 
 L T pon her bosom, bears him far away 
 
40 The Aineid. 
 
 To the high Idalian groves, where breathing soft, 
 
 Sweet-marjoram beds with perfume and with shade 
 
 Embrace him sleeping. And now Cupid went, 9 c 5 
 
 Obeying her behest, the royal gifts 
 
 Conveying to the Tyrians, and led on, 
 
 Well pleased to have Achates for his guide. 
 
 When he arrived, upon a golden couch 
 
 With sumptuous tapestry, the queen reclined 91° 
 
 In state within the middle of the hall. 
 
 And now iEneas, now the Trojan youths 
 
 Assemble, and on purple couches lie. 
 
 Then water for their hands the servants bring, 
 
 And bread from baskets, and around supply 9*5 
 
 Towels with nap well shorn. Within are seen 
 
 Fifty maid-servants, who in long array 
 
 Attend the hearths, and with burnt sacrifice 
 
 Enlarge the influence of the household gods; 
 
 A hundred others too, of equal age, 9*0 
 
 Who serve the dishes, and who fill the cups. 
 
 And crowds of Tyrians also come, and throng 
 
 The festive rooms, invited to recline 
 
 Upon the embroidered couches. Much they admire 
 
 The gifts ./Eneas brought ; lulus too, 925 
 
f UNI, ) 
 
 Z?< h ik J. 4 r 
 
 The glowing beauty of the godlike face, 
 
 And simulated speech; the cloak, the veil 
 
 With saffron - hued acanthus broidered round. 
 
 But the Phoenician queen, all dedicate 
 
 To passion fraught with coming misery, 930 
 
 With soul insatiate burns, and gazes long, 
 
 Moved by the boy and by his gifts alike. 
 
 He, having hung about /Eneas' neck, 
 
 Locked in a fond embrace, and the deep love 
 
 Of his false father satisfied, then seeks 93s 
 
 The queen ; she with her eyes and all her heart 
 
 Clings to him, fondles him upon her lap; — 
 
 Xor knows, unhappy one, how great the god 
 
 Who presses on her breast. He, mindful of 
 
 His Acidalian mother, by degrees 943 
 
 Begins to abolish all the memory 
 
 Of her Sycha?us, and with living love 
 
 Preoccupy the mind long since unmoved, 
 
 And unaccustomed motions of her heart. 
 
 When in the feast there came a pause, the plates 943 
 
 Removed, large bowls are set, the wines are crowned; 
 The rooms are rilled with noise ; the spacious halls 
 R^ound with voices. From the ceilings high 
 
42 The Aineid. 
 
 O'erlaid with gold, hang lighted lamps, and night 
 
 Is vanquished by the torches' blaze. And now 950 
 
 The queen demands a bowl heavy with gems 
 
 And gold, and fills it high with unmixed wine, 
 
 As Belus did, and his descendants all. 
 
 Then silence hushed the rooms, while thus the queen : — 
 
 " O Jove, — for thou, 't is said, dost give the laws 955 
 
 Of guests and hosts alike, — be it thy will, 
 
 That this may be a joyful day to all, 
 
 Tyrians and Trojans, in remembrance held 
 
 By our descendants. Bacchus, giver of joy, 
 
 Be present ; and, propitious Juno, smile! 960 
 
 And you, O Tyrians, favoring, celebrate 
 
 The meeting ! " With these words she poured upon 
 
 The table a libation of the wine; 
 
 And what was left touched lightly to her lips, 
 
 And, with a bantering tone, to Bitias gave. 9 6 s 
 
 He, not unwilling, drained the foaming bowl, 
 
 And from the full gold drenched himself with wine. 
 
 Then followed other guests of lordly rank. 
 
 Long-haired Iopas with his golden lyre 
 
 Pours out with ringing voice what Atlas taught. 970 
 
 He sings the wandering moon, and of the sun 
 
 The laboring eclipses; and of men, 
 
Book i. 43 
 
 And cattle, ami of showers, and tires ot heaven ; 
 
 Arcturus, and the rainy Hyades; 
 
 And the two constellations ot the Bears; 97s 
 
 And why the winter suns make haste to dip 
 In ocean, and what causes the delay 
 Ot' slowly moving nights*/ The Tyrians shout, 
 Redoubling their applause; the Trojans join. 
 
 Thus did the unhappy queen prolong the night 9S0 
 
 With varied converse, drinking in the while 
 
 Lons draughts of love : and much of Priam asked 
 
 And much of Hector ; how equipped in arms 
 
 Aurora's son had come; how looked the steeds 
 
 Of Diomed ; how large Achilles stood. 985 
 
 "Come now, my guest," she said; "and from the first 
 
 Relate to us the Grecian stratagems, 
 
 And all thy people's sad mishaps, and all 
 
 Thy voyages ; for now the seventh year 
 
 Bears thee still wandering over land and sea." 99° 
 
 

 BOOK II. 
 
 A LL silent sat, with looks intent ; when thus 
 iEneas from his lofty couch began. 
 
 O queen, thou dost command me to renew 
 A grief unutterable ; how the Greeks 
 O'erturned the power and lamentable realm 
 Of Troy : the afflicting scenes that I myself 
 Beheld, and a great part of which I was. 
 Who of the Myrmidons or Dolopes, 
 Or of the hard Ulysses' soldiery, 
 Can, speaking of such things, refrain from tears? 
 Now too the humid night from heaven descends, 
 And all the sinking stars persuade to sleep. 
 Still, if there be such earnest wish to hear 
 Our sad disasters, and in brief to know 
 The last expiring sufferings of Troy, 
 Though my soul shudders at the memory, 
 And in its grief shrinks back, I will begin. 
 
 
Book n. 45 
 
 Broken by war, and baffled by the fates 
 
 Through such a lapse of years, the Grecian chiefs 
 
 Construct a horse, by Pallas' art divine, *o 
 
 Huge as a mountain, and enlaced and ribbed 
 
 With beams of fir. This they pretend to be 
 
 A votive ottering for their safe return. 
 
 So went the rumor. But they secretly 
 
 o~its blind sides conveyed a chosen band *5 
 
 Of warriors, and so filled the caverns vast 
 Of the dark womb with armed soldiery. 
 
 The isle of Tenedos lies full in sight, 
 
 Well known to fame, and in resources rich, 
 
 While Priam's empire stood; but now it holds 3° 
 
 Merely a bay, a faithless port for ships. 
 
 And here our foes upon the desert coast 
 
 Conceal themselves, while we suppose them gone, 
 
 Returning to Mycenae with the wind. 
 
 Therefore all Troy her long grief throws aside; 35 
 
 The gates stand open ; and we go to see 
 
 With joy the Doric camps, the abandoned posts, 
 
 And the deserted shore. The Dolopes 
 
 Were here, and here the fierce Achilles camped ; 
 
 Here lay their fleet; and here were battles fought. 40 
 
46 The sEneid. 
 
 Some at the virgin Pallas' fatal gift 
 
 Astonished stare, and the huge horse's size 
 
 Admire. And first Thymoetes gives advice 
 
 To carry it within the city's walls, 
 
 And place it in the citadel, — thus moved 45 
 
 By treacherous design ; or else the fates 
 
 Of Troy so ordered it. But Capys urged 
 
 (With those who wisest in opinion stood) 
 
 That we should either throw into the sea 
 
 The Greeks' insidious snare and gift suspect, s° 
 
 And burn it, setting fire beneath ; or else 
 
 Bore through it, and its secret caves explore. 
 
 So the uncertain crowd divided stood 
 
 With views conflicting. 
 
 First, in front of all, 
 Attended by a numerous throng of men, 55 
 
 Laocoon from the citadel runs down, 
 Impetuously, and from a distance cries : 
 " O wretched men ! What madness, citizens, 
 Is this? Believe ye then our foes are gone? 
 Do ye suppose that any Grecian gifts ^ 
 
 Are lacking in deceit? Or is it thus 
 Ulysses has been known ? Either the Greeks 
 Within this wooden fabric are concealed, 
 
 / 
 
B ok 11. 
 
 •17 
 
 Or it is framed to bear against our walls, 
 
 And overlook our houses, and descend 
 
 Upon our city ; or some other guile 
 
 Is lurking. Trojans, do not trust this horse. 
 
 Whatever it may he, I fear the Greeks, 
 
 Kven when they bring us gifts." As thus he spoke, 
 
 With all his strength he hurled a mighty spear 
 
 Against its side and belly rounded firm 
 
 With jointed timbers. Quivering 'neath the blow 
 
 It stood, and all the caverns of its womb 
 
 Resounded with a roar, h And if the fates 
 
 Divine had favored, and a serious mind been ours, 
 
 He would have then impelled us to destroy 
 
 With arms the hiding-places of the Greeks; 
 
 And Troy would now be standing, and thou saved, 
 
 O lofty citadel of Priam ! 
 
 Lo, 
 Meanwhile the Trojan shepherds with loud cries 
 Dragged to the king a young man tightly bound 
 W ith hands behind his back, who, quite unknovs n 
 To them, surrendered of his own accord ; 
 (W ith the design to open to the Greeks 
 The gates of Troy, and, resolute of will, 
 ' Either to use deceit, or encounter death.) 
 
 6 S 
 
 75 
 
 
 So 
 
48 The Aineid. 
 
 Eager to see, from every quarter rush, 
 
 In a tumultuous throng, the Trojan youths, 
 
 And vie in insults on the captive. Now 
 
 Hear what the treachery of the Grecians was, 9° 
 
 And from one crime learn all. For while he stood, 
 
 Troubled, defenceless, in the sight of all, 
 
 And gazed around upon the Trojan bands ; 
 
 "Alas," he said, "what land now, or what sea 
 
 Can harbor me ? Or what remains for me, 95 
 
 Unhappy wretch, for whom there is no place 
 
 Among the Greeks, and upon whom besides 
 
 The vengeful Trojans seek a bloody death ! " 
 
 At this lamenting groan our minds are changed, 
 
 And every violent impulse checked at once. 100 
 
 We ask him then to tell us of what race 
 
 He comes, and what he has to say ; how far 
 
 We may put faith in him, a captive. He, 
 
 Fear at length laid aside, addressed us thus: — 
 
 " To thee, O king, whatever the result ">s 
 
 May be, I will confess the truth entire; 
 
 Nor shall deny I am by birth a Greek. 
 
 This first. For if Sinon has been wretched made 
 
 Bv fortune hard, not therefore was he made 
 
Book ii. 
 
 49 
 
 Faithless and false. In conversation thou no 
 
 Perchance hast heard the name and famous deeds 
 Of Palamedes, of the line of Belus; 
 
 Whom, innocent, accused of treachery, 
 And by false witnesses, the Greeks condemned 
 To death, because he had opposed the war. 115 
 
 But now they mourn for him, his light being gone. 
 My father, who was poor, and near of kin, 
 Sent me as his companion to the war 
 To attend him, from the earliest years of youth. 
 As long as he stood firm in princely power, no 
 
 And flourished in the councils of the kings, 
 I too somewhat of name and honor bore. 
 Hut afterward, — I speak of things well known, — 
 When by the plausible Ulysses' hate, 
 
 He from these upper realms of earth went down, 125 
 
 In gloom and grief I dragged my life along, 
 Afflicted and indignant at the fate 
 Of him, my guiltless friend. Nor did I hold 
 My peace, fool that I was, but vowed revenge, 
 If chance in any way should favor me, 13^ 
 
 And to mv native Areos I should e'er 
 Return victorious ; and with words I stirred 
 Fierce hatred. Hence came ruin's first plague-spot. 
 7 
 
50 The Alneid. 
 
 For from this time, with accusations new 
 
 Ulysses ever sought to frighten me, 135 
 
 And spread ambiguous rumors through the crowd ; 
 
 And, conscious of his guilt, sought armed defence. 
 
 Nor did he rest, until by Calchas' means — 
 
 But why should I recall these painful themes 
 
 In vain ? or why detain you, if you deem 140 
 
 That all the Greeks are fashioned in one mould, 
 
 And to hear this is proof enough for you ? 
 
 Now then at once inflict your punishment. 
 
 Ulysses wishes this, and Atreus' sons 
 
 Will well reward it." 
 
 We then eagerly, 145 
 
 With many questions, seek to know the grounds 
 Of his assertions, unaware of all 
 His villany and Grecian artifice. 
 He tremblingly went on, with words of guile: — 
 " Full oft the Greeks sought to contrive their flight, 15° 
 And, weary of long war, abandon Troy. 
 Would that they had ! Oft did the tempest rough 
 Upon the sea prevent, and southern winds 
 Deter them going; and especially 
 
 When now this horse stood there, with wooden beams 155 
 Constructed, — then through all the sky the clouds 
 
 
Book xl 5 1 
 
 P aled with their thunders. In suspense, we sent 
 
 Eurypylus to consult the oracle 
 
 Of Phcebusj he from its recesses brought 
 
 For answer these sad words: 'O Greeks when first j^o 
 
 Ye came unto these shores, ye pacified 
 
 The winds with blood, and with a virgin slain. 
 
 Even so through blood must your return be sought, 
 
 Propitiating heaven with Grecian life.' 
 
 When to the people's ears this answer came, 165 
 
 All were struck dumb, and through our limbs there ran 
 
 A tremor cold, thinking to whom this thing 
 
 Might come, and whom Apollo might demand. 
 
 Forth then Ulysses drags into the midst, 
 
 With loud uproar, Calchas the priest, and asks 170 
 
 What in such case the deities might will. 
 
 And many persons now presaged to me 
 
 This artful schemer's cruel wickedness, 
 
 And quietly foresaw the event to come. 
 
 The priest for ten days held his peace, and still 175 
 
 Refused, dissembling, to name any one, 
 
 As doomed to death. At length reluctantly 
 
 Driven by the clamors of the Ithacan, 
 
 He breaks his silence, and, as was agreed, 
 
 He destines me to the altar. All assent. 180 
 
5 2 The Aineid. 
 
 And what each one was fearing for himself, 
 
 Turned to the ruin of one wretched man, 
 
 They patiently endure. And now had come 
 
 The dreadful day, the sacred rites prepared, 
 
 The salted meal, the fillets round my brows : — 185 
 
 I broke away from death ; I snapped my chains; 
 
 And in a miry swamp I lay all night 
 
 Hidden, and screened from view by long marsh grass, 
 
 Till they should spread (if haply so they should) 
 
 Their sails unto the wind. But now for me 19° 
 
 There is no hope to see my native land, 
 
 Nor my sweet children, nor my father dear, 
 
 Whom they will yet, perhaps, for my escape, 
 
 Demand for punishment, and this offence 
 
 Of mine will expiate by the death of those 195 
 
 Unhappy ones. Therefore I thee entreat, 
 
 By the supernal powers, and deities 
 
 Conscious of truth, — by unviolated faith, — 
 
 If such there be remaining still with man, — 
 
 Pity these woes of mine, — pity a soul 200 
 
 Deserving not such sufferings as these." 
 
 Moved by his tears, we granted him his life, 
 And freely pitied him. Priam himself 
 
 
Book n. 
 
 First of all gave commands to take away 
 His tetters, and remove the knotted cords, 205 
 
 And saul in friendly tones: "Whoe'er thou art, 
 Henceforth forget the Greeks whom thou hast lost; 
 
 one oi us ; and truly tell the things 
 That I shall ask of thee. With what design 
 Have they constructed this gigantic horse? 210 
 
 W ho its inventor? What do they intend? 
 Is it religious in its aim, or is 't 
 
 An engine framed for war?" He said. The man, 
 Skilled in deceit and Grecian artifice, 
 
 Raised his unlettered hands toward the stars. 215 
 
 " W itness," he cried, "eternal fires of heaven, 
 In your inviolable divinity! 
 And you, ye altars, and ye dreadful knives, — 
 Ye sacred fillets I, a victim, wore, — 
 
 Be it right for me to break the hallowed ties 220 
 
 That bound me to the Greeks! — Be it right for me 
 To hate these men, and bring their crimes to light, 
 It any they conceal ! Nor am I now 
 Bound by my country's laws. Onlv do thou 
 Remain true to thy promise, and, Troy saved, 
 Keep faith with me, if I disclose the truth, 
 And largely pay thee back what thou hast done. 
 
54 The sEneid. 
 
 */ 
 
 The whole hope of the Greeks, and confidence 
 
 I' the war commenced, stood always on the aid 
 
 Of Pallas. From the time when Diomed 23° 
 
 With impious hand, and the author of these crimes, 
 
 Ulysses, — for 't was they who did the deed, — 
 
 Having determined to remove by force 
 
 Her fatal image, the Palladium, 
 
 Out from the hallowed temple, — having slain 235 
 
 The guardians of the lofty citadel, 
 
 They snatched away the sacred effigy, 
 
 And with their bloody hands presumed to touch 
 
 The virgin fillets of the goddess : — then, 
 
 E'en from that time, the Greeks began to lose 240 
 
 Their hopes, which, slipping backward, flowed away, — 
 
 Their strength all broken, and the deity 
 
 Averse. Nor did Tritonia indicate 
 
 These things by doubtful prodigies ; for scarce 
 
 Had they deposited within their camp 245 
 
 The image, when from her wide-open eyes 
 
 Flashed gleaming flames, and through her limbs salt 
 
 sweat 
 Exuded ; and three times from off the ground — 
 Wonderful to relate! — she leapt, with shield 
 And quivering spear. Calchas forthwith announced 250 
 
Book ii. 5 5 
 
 That we should seek the sea in flight ; nor could 
 
 The Grecian forces conquer Troy, unless 
 
 At Argos they renewed the auspices, 
 
 And brought the goddess back, now borne away 
 
 By them, in their curved ships, across the sea. 255 
 
 And now that to Mycenae they are bound, 
 
 Anns they prepare to bring, and guardian gods; 
 
 And, the sea crossed again, will soon be here. 
 
 Thus Calchas read the omens ; and so warned, 
 
 They built in place of the Palladium, »6o 
 
 And of the violated deity, 
 
 This image, to atone for their foul crime. 
 
 'T was Calchas who commanded them to raise 
 
 This mass enormous, with strong timbers laced, 
 
 And build it of a towering height, too large 265 
 
 To be received into your city's gates, 
 
 And so protect you with the ancient faith. 
 
 For if your hands should ever violate 
 
 Minerva's offering, ruin immense would come 
 
 (Which omen may the gods first turn upon 270 
 
 The seer himself!) to Priam's realm, and all 
 
 The Phrygians; but if by your hands this horse 
 
 Should mount into your city, Asia then, 
 
 Unchallenged, would advance to Pelops' walls 
 
5 6 The Alneid. 
 
 In mighty war, and our posterity 27s 
 
 Experience these fates." 
 
 With treachery 
 Like this, and artful perjury, the tale 
 Of the false Sinon was believed by us, — 
 Caught by his wiles, and by the tears he forced, — 
 Whom neither Diomed, nor Larissa's chief, 280 
 
 Achilles, nor ten years, nor a thousand ships 
 Could conquer. 
 
 Here another dire event 
 More dreadful far befalls, disturbing us, 
 Wretched and unprepared, with gloomy thoughts. 
 Laocoon, chosen Neptune's priest by lot, 285 
 
 A huge bull at the solemn altars there 
 Was sacrificing, when behold, two snakes — 
 I shudder as I tell — from Tenedos 
 Come gliding on the deep, with rings immense, 
 Pressing upon the sea, and side by side 29° 
 
 Toward the shore they move with necks erect, 
 And bloody crests that tower above the waves ; 
 Their other parts behind sweeping the sea, 
 With huge backs winding on in sinuous folds. 
 A noise of foaming brine is heard. And now 295 
 
 They reach the shores, their burning eyes suffused 
 
Book ii. S7 
 
 With blood and fire, and lick their hissing mouths 
 With quivering tongues, j We, pale with terror, ily. 
 But they with steady pace Laocoon seek. 
 First the two bodies oi his little sons 3 03 
 
 Each serpent twines about, with tightening folds, 
 And* bites into their miserable limbs. 
 Then him, as he with help and weapons comes, 
 They seize, and bind him in their mighty spires; 
 Twice round the middle, twice around his neck, 3°5 
 
 Twisting, with scaly backs, they raise on high 
 Their heads and lofty necks. He with his hands 
 Strains to untwine the knots, his fillets wet 
 With gore and poison black. His dreadful shrieks 
 Rise to the stars : — such groans as when a bull 
 Flies from the altar wounded, and shakes free 
 His forehead from the ill-aimed axe. But they, 
 The dragons, slip away to the lofty shrine 
 And citadel of cruel PallagTTl mere. 
 Beneath the goddess' feet and orbed shield, 3'5 
 
 They hide. Then verily a new fear creeps 
 Into the trembling hearts of all. They said 
 Laocoon paid the penalty deserved 
 Of crime, for having with his steel profaned 
 The sacred wood, when he had hurled his spear 3*° 
 
 8 
 
 310 
 
58 The Aineid. 
 
 Against the horse. And now all cry aloud 
 
 To take the image to its rightful seat, 
 
 And supplicate the goddess. We divide f 
 
 The walls, and open lay the battlements. 
 
 All for the work prepare. Beneath the feet 345 
 
 We lay smooth rollers, and around the neck 
 
 Strain hempen ropes. The terrible machine 
 
 Passes the walls, filled full with armed men. 
 
 Around, the youths and the unwedded maids 
 
 Sing sacred songs, rejoicing when they touch 330 
 
 Their hands against the ropes. Onward it moves, 
 
 And threatening glides into the city's midst. 
 
 Alas, my country ! Ilium, home of gods ! 
 
 Dardanian battlements renowned in war ! 
 
 Four times, e'en at the threshold of the gate, 335 
 
 It stopped : four times we heard the noise of arms 
 
 Ring from the depths within. Yet on we press, 
 
 Thoughtless of omens, blind with furious zeal, 
 
 And in the sacred citadel we lodge 
 
 The fatal monster. And now Cassandra opes 3-p 
 
 Her. lips, — that by the deity's command 
 
 Should never be believed by Trojan ears, — 
 
 And prophesies to us our future fates. 
 
 We, miserable, unto whom this day 
 
 
Bbok ii. 59 
 
 Was doomed to be our last, hang on our shrii 
 Throughout the city, wreaths of festive leaves. 
 Meanwhile, with changing sky night comes apace 
 Upon the ocean, wrapping with wide shade 
 Earth, sky, and crafty wiles oi~ Myrmidons. 
 The Trojans, scattered through the town, are still, 
 For sleep embraces every weary frame. 
 
 And now- the Grecian hosts were moving on 
 
 From Tenedos, their ships in order ranged, 
 
 Beneath the friendly silence of the moon, 
 
 Toward the well-known shores, soon as appeared 355 
 
 The blazing signal from the royal ship. 
 
 Defended by the adverse deities, 
 
 Sinon unbars the wooden prison doors, 
 
 And secretlv lets loose the hidden Greeks. 
 
 The horse stands open wide, and to the air 360 
 
 Restores them. Joyful from the hollow wood 
 
 They leap, — Tisandrus, Sthenelus, their chiefs, 
 
 And fierce Ulysses, sliding down a rope. 
 
 And with them Acamas and Thoas come, 
 
 And Peleus' offspring, Neoptolemus, 3 6 5 
 
 Machaon leading; Menelaus too, 
 
 And e'en Epeus, inventor of the fraud. 
 
60 - The sEneid. 
 
 They invade the city sunk in sleep and wine. 
 
 The guards are slain ; their comrades they receive 
 
 With opened gates, and join the expectant bands. 370 
 
 It was the hour when first their sleep begins 
 
 For wretched mortals, and most gratefully 
 
 Creeps over them, by bounty of the gods. 
 
 Then in my dreams, behold, Hector appeared, 
 
 Distinctly present ; very sad he was, 375 
 
 And weeping floods of tears. So once he looked, 
 
 Dragged by the chariot wheels, and black with dust 
 
 And blood, his swollen feet pierced through with thongs. 
 
 Ah me, that face ! How changed he was from him, 
 
 The Hector who returned clothed in the spoils 3 So 
 
 Won from Achilles, or when he had hurled 
 
 The Phrygian fires against the Grecian ships! 
 
 But now the squalid beard he wore, and hair 
 
 Matted with blood, and the wounds he took when dragged 
 
 Around the city's walls. Weeping myself, 3 s s 
 
 I seemed to address him of my own accord, 
 
 And to draw out these melancholy words : — 
 
 " O light of Troy ! the Trojans' surest hope ! 
 
 Why hast thou stayed so long? And from what shores, 
 
 O long-expected Hector, dost thou come? 
 
Book if. 6 1 
 
 That now again, after so main- deaths 
 
 Among thy countrymen, ami sufferings borne 
 
 So varied, we, exhausted with the war, 
 
 Behold thee here? What undeserved cause 
 
 Distorts thy lace serene? And why these wounds?" 395 
 
 Hut he made no reply, and took no heed 
 
 Of idle questions, but with a heavy groan 
 
 Fetched from the bottom of his breast: — "Ah, nV, 
 
 Thou goddess-born," he said, " fly from these flames ! 
 
 The enemy holds the walls. Troy rushes down 
 
 From her high pinnacle. Enough is done 
 
 For Priam and our country. If right hand 
 
 Could have defended Troy, mine 't would have been 
 
 That so defended. Troy to thee commends 
 
 Her sacred rites and household gods. These take, 405 
 
 Companions of thy fates. With these go seek 
 
 The mighty citv thou one day shalt found 
 
 At last, after thy wanderings o'er the sea." 
 
 He said ; and from their secret inner crypts 
 
 Great Vesta's fillets and her statue brought, -;■ 
 
 And the undying fire from out her shrines. 
 
 Meanwhile, with many a lamentable cry 
 The city is confused. And more and more, 
 
62 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Although my sire Anchises' house stood far 
 
 Away, hid and secluded 'mid the trees, 415 
 
 The noise grew loud, and all the horrible clang 
 
 Of arms increased. Starting from sleep, I gain 
 
 With swift ascent the house-top's loftiest verge, 
 
 And stand and listen with arrected ears. 
 
 As when the flames are raging through the corn, 4*> 
 
 Driven by the furious winds ; — or a mountain stream, 
 
 Swollen to a rapid torrent, floods the fields, 
 
 And desolates the smiling crops, and all 
 
 The labors of the oxen, and drags down 
 
 The forests; and the unconscious shepherd stands 4-5 
 
 Listening upon the peak of some high rock, 
 
 Bewildered by the rushing noise below. 
 
 Then verily the false faith of the Greeks 
 
 Is manifest, — their treacherous arts revealed. 
 
 Down falls the palace of Deiphobus 430 
 
 Amid the conquering flames; Ucalegon 
 
 Next burns. The broad Sigean waves reflect 
 
 The fiery glow. And shouts of men are heard, 
 
 And blare of trumpets. Wildly I seize my arms ; — 
 
 Although for arms there seemed but little use. 435 
 
 But still I burned to gather a small band, 
 
 And with my comrades to the citadel 
 
Book il 63 
 
 Rush on; for rage ami fury hurried me. 
 A glorious thing it seemed to me to die 
 In arms. L ^ 
 
 But now, behold, Panthus, escaped 440 
 
 From Grecian spears, — Panthus Othryades, 
 Priest of Apollo in the citadel, 
 Comes hurrying by, and bearing in his hands 
 The sacred vessels and the vanquished gods; 
 He leads his little grandson by the hand, 445 
 
 And wildly to my threshold bends his steps. 
 " What fortune, Panthus? On what citadel 
 Do we now seize ? " I scarce had said the words, 
 When, groaning deeply, he this answer made : — 
 "Our last day comes, — the inevitable hour 45^ 
 
 Of Troy. Trojans no more are we. Gone now 
 Is Troy, and all our glory ! Cruel Jove 
 To Argos now transfers the imperial rule. 
 O'er all the burning town the Greeks hold sway. 
 The towering horse stands in the city's midst, 45s 
 
 And pours out armed men. Sinon himself, 
 Exulting, spreads the flames. And others throng 
 The open gates; as many thousands come 
 As e'er from mighty Greece. Others oppose 
 Our ranks, and barricade the narrow streets. 460 
 
64 The Aineid. 
 
 The gleaming swords are drawn, for death's dread work 
 
 Prepared. The foremost wardens of the gates 
 
 Scarce risk a contest, with resistance blind." 
 
 Fired by his words, and by a power divine, 
 
 Through flames and arms I am borne along, where'er 465 
 
 The sad Erinnys points, where'er the din 
 
 Of battle and the ascending clamor calls. 
 
 Rhipeus then, and Epytus, in arms 
 
 Excelling, join us, by the moonlight seen; 
 
 And Hypanis and Dymas on our side 470 
 
 Gather, and young Corcebus, Mygdon's son. 
 
 He in those latter days to Troy had come, 
 
 Wooing Cassandra with delirious love, 
 
 Hoping to bring a future son-in-law 
 
 To Priam, and assistance bear to him 475 
 
 And to the Trojans; but who, hapless youth, 
 
 Regarded not the warnings of his bride 
 
 Inspired. Whom when I saw in order ranged, 
 
 Ready for battle, thus to them I spoke : — 
 
 " O warriors, gallant hearts, who dare in vain ! 480 
 
 If yours the strong desire to follow me 
 
 Venturing extremest things, — ye see how stands 
 
 The fortune of affairs ; for all the gods 
 
 By whom our empire stood have gone from us, 
 
Book ii. 65 
 
 Their secret places and their altars left. 485 
 
 You help a burning city. Let us die, 
 
 And plunge into the middle of the right. 
 The only safety of the vanquished is 
 To hope tor none." Thus were the warriors' hearts 
 Kindled with added rage. As ravenous wolves 49° 
 
 In cloudy darkness driven by hunger fierce, 
 Leaving their whelps behind, with dry throats seek 
 Their prey; so through the javelins and the foes 
 We rush to no uncertain death, and hold 
 Our way into the city's midst. Black night 495 
 
 Hovers around us with her hollow shade. 
 Who can describe the carnage of that night ? 
 Down falls the ancient city, having ruled 
 So many years; and everywhere struck down 
 Lay many an unresisting corpse along 5°° 
 
 The streets, and through the houses, and beside 
 The sacred thresholds of the deities. 
 Nor do the Trojans only suffer death. 
 Courage returns e'en to our vanquished hearts, 
 And in their turn the conquering Greeks are slain. s°s 
 
 And everywhere are sounds of bitter grief, 
 And terror everywhere, and shapes of death. 
 9 
 
66 The Aineid. 
 
 And first, attended by a numerous band 
 
 Of Greeks, Androgeus meets us, thinking we 
 
 Are of his side, and thus with friendly words 510 
 
 Salutes us : " Hasten, men ! What sluggishness 
 
 Is this? While others plunder blazing Troy, 
 
 Are you just coming from our ships ? " He said ; 
 
 And all at once, — for we no answer made 
 
 Which he could trust, — he saw that he had fallen s»s 
 
 Among his foes. Dumb with astonishment, 
 
 His footsteps and his voice he alike repressed. 
 
 As when a man who walks through tangled paths 
 
 Treads on a hidden snake, and trembling flies 
 
 Back from the reptile lifting up its head s« 
 
 In anger, and its blue and swelling neck ; 
 
 Even so Androgeus, starting, backward shrinks. 
 
 Forward we rush, and pour around, and charge 
 
 In dense array upon them, ignorant 
 
 Of all the ground, and overcome by fear, 5-5 
 
 And strike them down. At this first work achieved, 
 
 The breath of fortune favors us. But here 
 
 Corcebus, all exultant with success 
 
 And courage, cries : " O comrades, whereto soon 
 
 Fortune the way of safety points, and where 53° 
 
 She shews herself propitious, let us follow. 
 
Book 11 \ 67 
 
 Let us change shields, and wear upon ourselves 
 
 The Grecian badges. Whether we make use 
 
 0( stratagem or valor, who inquires, 
 
 In dealing with an enemy? They themselves 53s 
 
 Supply these anus." And having said the.se words, 
 
 lie donned the long-haired helmet, and the shield 
 
 Wondrous for beauty, that Androgeus wore; 
 
 And at his side he hung the Grecian sword. 
 
 So likewise did Rhipeus, Dymas too, 54= 
 
 And all the youths, right gayly; every one 
 
 Arming himself with recent spoils. And thus, 
 
 Mixed with the Greeks we go, 'neath auspices 
 
 Not ours ; and meeting with the foe, we engage 
 
 In many battles through the dark blind night, 545 
 
 And to the lower world send many a Greek. 
 
 Some to their ships escape, and trusty shores ; 
 
 And others scale again the lofty horse, 
 
 Smit with base fear. Alas, one ought 
 
 To trust in nothing, when the gods oppose. ss° 
 
 Lo, Priam's virgin daughter, borne along, 
 
 ( sandra, with her hair unbound, and dragged 
 
 From Pallas' temple, and her inmost shrines, 
 
 Raises to heaven her burning eyes in vain : — 
 
 Her eyes, — for they have bound her tender hands. 
 
68 
 
 The sEneid. 
 
 560 
 
 565 
 
 This sight Coroebus could not bear, but, wild 
 
 And maddened, throws himself, resolved to die, 
 
 Into the middle of the hostile band. 
 
 We follow all, and charge in close array. 
 
 Here from the temple's lofty roof at first 
 
 We are o'erpowered by weapons of our men ; 
 
 And dreadful slaughter follows the mistake 
 
 Caused by our armor and our Grecian crests. 
 
 Also the Greeks, groaning with rage to see 
 
 The virgin snatched away, from all sides throng 
 
 To attack us, — terrible Ajax, the two sons 
 
 Of Atreus, and the Dolopes with all 
 
 Their army. As when opposing winds conflict 
 
 In rushing hurricane, Zephyrus, Notus rush, 
 
 And Eurus, jubilant with his Eastern steeds, — 
 
 The forests groan, and foaming Nereus raves, 
 
 And with his trident lashes all the sea 
 
 From lowest depths; so they — whom in the dark 
 
 We by our stratagems had put to flight, 
 
 And driven through all the town — appear. They first 575 
 
 Our shields and our false weapons recognize; 
 
 And next they note our difference of speech. 
 
 At once we are overwhelmed ; — Coroebus first, 
 
 By Peneleus' hand laid low, before 
 
 570 
 
Boo/,- n. 
 
 The altar of the warrior goddess ; next 58° 
 
 Rhipeus, oi all Trojans most upright 
 
 And just: — such was the pleasure of the gods! 
 
 And Hypanis and Dymas die, pierced through 
 
 By their own friends; nor thee, () Panthus, did 
 
 Thy piety nor sacred mitre shield 585 
 
 From death. Ye Trojan ashes, and ye last 
 
 Expiring Barnes of my own countrymen ! 
 
 Witness that when you tell, I neither shunned 
 
 The weapons of the Greeks, nor any risks 
 
 Of conflict; and if fate had so decreed 59° 
 
 That I had fallen, I should have merited 
 
 My doom, for what I did ! Thence we are forced 
 
 Away and scattered. Iphitus with me 
 
 And Pelias remain ; but Iphitus 
 
 Enfeebled by his age, and Pelias 595 
 
 Retarded by a wound Ulysses dealt. 
 
 Far off, we are summoned by the clamorous cries 
 
 To Priam's palace. Here a battle raged 
 
 So tierce, it seemed as if no other war 
 
 Were waged, nor through the city any deaths 
 
 Were known elsewhere; so furious a tight 
 
 W e bee, — the Greeks against the palace rushing, — 
 
 The threshold by a roof of shields besieged, — 
 
70 The Alneid. 
 
 The scaling ladders clinging to the walls. 
 
 Beneath the very portals they ascend 605 
 
 Upon the steps ; with their left hands oppose 
 
 Their shields against the missiles from above, 
 
 While with their right they grasp the battlements. 
 
 On the other hand the Trojans, tearing up 
 
 The turrets and the roofs, with these prepare 610 
 
 A last defence, since now they see that death 
 
 Is imminent. The gilded rafters down 
 
 They roll, and all the lofty ornaments 
 
 Of ancient sires ; while others with drawn swords 
 
 Block up and guard the doors, in phalanx close. 615 
 
 Courage restored, we hasten to defend 
 
 The palace of the king, and by our aid 
 
 Relieve with added strength our men o'erpowered. 
 
 There was an entrance and a private door 
 
 (jiving free passage between Priam's walls, — 620 
 
 A postern gate, that stood neglected there, 
 
 Through which ofttimes the sad Andromache 
 
 Was wont to go, when she her husband's sire 
 
 And mother visited, and led along 
 
 With her her boy Astyanax. Through this 625 
 
 I gain the summit of the roof, from which 
 
Bt>ok n. ji 
 
 The wretched Trojans hurled their useless shafts. 
 Here a steep turret rising from the roofj 
 
 And towering in the starlight, whence all Troy 
 
 Was seen, and all the well-known Grecian ships 630 
 
 And the Achaian camps, — around its walls 
 
 With iron implements we work, just where 
 
 The highest flooring offers loosening joints, 
 
 And wrench it from its ancient base, and push, 
 
 Till, slipping suddenly, with thundering crash 635 
 
 And ruin downward dragged, upon the bands 
 
 Of Greeks it falls, with desolation wide. 
 
 But others come beneath. Nor do we cease 
 
 To hurl down stones and missiles of all sorts.' 
 
 And now before the vestibule itself, 640 
 
 And at the outer door, Pyrrhus exults, 
 
 Flashing with weapons and the brazen light 
 
 Of armor. So in the sun a serpent gleams, 
 
 Which having fed on noxious herbs, and lain 
 
 Swollen in the earth, protected by the frost, 645 
 
 Now casting off its slough, and bright with youth, 
 
 Lifts up its head, and rolls with slippery back 
 
 Toward the sun, with quivering three-forked tongue. 
 
 With him huge Periphas, and Automedon 
 
 His armor-bearer, of Achilles' steeds 650 
 
72 The JEneid. 
 
 Once charioteer; and all the Scyran youth 
 
 Throng to the palace, hurling to the roof 
 
 Their brands. Pyrrhus himself, among the first, 
 
 Seizing an axe, breaks through the stubborn door, 
 
 And tears the brazen pillars from the hinge ; 6 55 
 
 And cutting through the panels and the beams, 
 
 Hollows an opening like a window large; 
 
 And all the inner house is seen, and all 
 
 The extended halls laid bare, and inmost rooms 
 
 Of Priam and the ancient kings ; and there 660 
 
 Armed men are standing at the very door. 
 
 But all the interior rooms with sounds confused 
 
 Of groans and dreadful tumult rang. Within 
 
 The hollow halls resounded with the shrieks 
 
 Of women ; and the wailing seemed to strike 66 5 
 
 The golden stars. Then through the palace wide 
 
 Went trembling matrons wandering, while they clasped 
 
 And kissed the door-posts. With his father's strength 
 
 Pvrrhus comes pressing on. Nor bars avail, 
 
 Nor guards, against him. With his battering-ram 670 
 
 By frequent blows the trembling doors give way, 
 
 And from the hinges jarred, down fall the posts. 
 
 A breach is made. In rush the Greeks, and slay 
 
 
Book ii. 73 
 
 The first they meet; and all the halls are filled 
 With soldiery. So a foaming river hursts 
 Away from its embankments, sweeping down 
 
 With turbulent vortex the opposing mounds, 
 
 And raging through the fields, drags down the herds 
 
 With all their stalls. With mine own eyes I saw, 
 
 Furious tor slaughter, Neoptolemus 
 
 And the Atrida- twain before the gate. 
 
 And Hecuba I saw, and the hundred wives 
 
 Wed to her sons ; and Priam, soiled with blood, 
 
 Before the altars he himself had blessed. 
 
 Also those fifty nuptial chambers, — hope 6s 5 
 
 Of future offspring ; and the pillars rich 
 
 With spoils and with barbaric gold, o'erthrown. 
 
 And the Greeks held whate'er the flames had spared. 
 
 Perhaps thou wilt inquire of Priam's fate. 
 
 Soon as he saw the captured city's doom, 690 
 
 His palace-gates torn down, the enemy 
 
 Within his inmost rooms, the aged king 
 
 Puts on his armor long disused, in vain 
 
 Casing his trembling limbs ; his useless sword 
 
 Girt at his side ; and goes to. meet his foes, 695 
 
 Resolved to die. Within the palace court, 
 
 10 
 
74 The yEneid. 
 
 Beneath the bare sky stood an altar large, 
 
 Near which an ancient laurel overhung 
 
 And sheltered the Penates with its shade. 
 
 Here, round about the altars, Hecuba 7°° 
 
 Sat with her daughters, like a flock of doves 
 
 By a dark tempest driven swift to earth, — 
 
 Crowding together, all in vain, — and held 
 
 In their embrace the statues of their gods. 
 
 But when she saw Priam himself arrayed 70s 
 
 In youthful arms, " What dire intent," she said, 
 
 " Unhappy husband, bids thee take these arms ? 
 
 And whither dost thou rush ? No help like this, 
 
 Nor such defenders doth the time require. 
 
 Even were my Hector here, he could do naught. 710 
 
 Yield now to me, and hither come ; for here, 
 
 This altar will protect us all, or else 
 
 We all will die together ! " Saying this, 
 
 She drew the aged monarch to herself, 
 
 And placed him there upon the sacred seat. 715 
 
 But lo ! escaped from Pyrrhus' murderous hand, 
 Polites, one of Priam's sons, has fled 
 Through the long galleries, past the spears and foes, 
 And, wounded, traverses the empty halls. 
 
Book ii. 
 
 / D 
 
 Him, Pyrrhus pressing in hot haste pursues 
 
 With deadly weapon ; now, even now his hand 
 
 Holds him within his grasp, and with hi-^ spear 
 
 Presses upon him, till he comes before 
 
 His parents' eyes, then falls, and bleeding fast, 
 
 Pours out his life. But Priam now, although 72s 
 
 An instant death impends, did not refrain, 
 
 Nor spared he voice or anger. "May the gods," 
 
 He cries, " if there be justice in the heavens 
 
 That cares for such things, make thee fit return 
 
 And deal thee thy deserts, for this thy foul 73° 
 
 And darinir crime, — thou who hast made me see 
 
 Before my face the slaughter of my son, 
 
 And hast defiled with death a father's sight ! 
 
 But not the Achilles, from whom thou dost say 
 
 Falsely that thou art sprung, though Priam's i'oe y 735 
 
 Was such as thou art ; for he blushed to think 
 
 Of violating faith and common rights, 
 
 At my petition, but the lifeless corpse 
 
 Ok Hector did restore for burial, 
 
 And sent me safely to my kingdom back." 
 
 Saving this, the old king hurled a feeble spear 
 
 That made no wound, but from the sounding brass 
 
 Repelled, hung harmless from the buckler's boss. 
 
J 6 The Aineid. 
 
 But Pyrrhus cried : " Be thou the messenger, 
 
 And this to Peleus' son deliver. Him 745 
 
 Tell of degenerate Neoptolemus, 
 
 And all the cruel deeds he did. Now die! " 
 
 Saying this, he dragged him to the altar's foot, 
 
 Staggering and slipping 'mid the blood his son 
 
 Had shed. Twisting his left hand in his hair, 750 
 
 He raised his sword in his right, and to the hilt 
 
 Buried it in his side. Such was the end 
 
 Of Priam's destinies ; such was his death 
 
 Ordained by fate, whilst Troy he saw in flames 
 
 And desolation, — who to many a land 755 
 
 And people, once, Asia's proud ruler stood. 
 
 Now on the shore his mighty corpse is thrown, 
 
 And lies a headless trunk without a name. 
 
 Then, for the first time, a dread horror fell, 
 
 And compassed me around. I stood aghast ; 760 
 
 And my dear father's image came to me, 
 
 When I beheld the king, as old as he, 
 
 Breathing his life out 'neath a cruel wound ; 
 
 Creiisa too deserted, and my home 
 
 Ravaged, and young lulus' hapless lot, 76s 
 
 Came to my mind. I looked around to note 
 
Book ii. 77 
 
 What forces might remain ; and saw that all 
 Had left, exhausted, — either having thrown 
 Their wretched bodies, leaping, down to earth, 
 Or given them to the flames. 
 
 So I alone 77° 
 
 Remained ; — when, keeping close within the door 
 Of Vesta's temple, in a secret place 
 Close hiding, Tyndarus' daughter I espy. 
 The bright flames light my wandering steps, as round 
 I glance at all things. She, the common scourge 775 
 
 Of Trov, and her own country, fearing now 
 The Trojans' vengeance at Troy's overthrow, 
 And punishment the Greeks might deal, and all 
 The anger her deserted husband bore, 
 Had hid herself, and at the altars sat, 78° 
 
 A hated object. Fire raged in my heart, 
 And through me ran an impulse to revenge 
 My falling country, and inflict on her 
 The penalty deserved. Shall she, forsooth, 
 In safety see her Sparta, and the lands 7*s 
 
 Of Greece, and move like a triumphant queen ? 
 Shall she her husband, parents, home and sons 
 Behold, attended by a Trojan troop 
 And Phrygian slaves? Shall Priam fall by the sword : 
 
73 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 790 
 
 800 
 
 Shall Troy be burned, and all her shores distil 
 
 Dardanian blood ? Not so. For though there be 
 
 No glory in a woman's punishment, 
 
 Nor any praise in such a victory, 
 
 Yet shall I be commended to have quenched 
 
 Such crime; and it will please me to have wreaked 795 
 
 My vengeance, and the ashes thus appease 
 
 Of slaughtered countrymen. Such were the thoughts 
 
 My mind revolved, transported by my rage. 
 
 When to my sight, never before so clear, 
 
 My gracious mother appeared, and, in the dark, 
 
 A goddess all confessed, with such light shone, 
 
 As when to the celestials she is wont 
 
 To show herself. She held my hand, and spake 
 
 With roseate lips these words : " O son, what grief 
 
 Such untamed wrath arouses in thy breast ? 
 
 What rage is this ? Where has thy reverence gone 
 
 For us ? Look rather where thou mayst have left 
 
 Thy sire Anchises, cumbered with old age; 
 
 Whether thy wife Creiisa be alive ; 
 
 Ascanius too, thy son, — whom on all sides 
 
 The Grecian troops surround ; and whom, unless 
 
 My care of them oppose, the flames will now 
 
 Have swept away, and hostile swords have slain. 
 
 805 
 
 Sio 
 
 
 
 v> 
 
Rook II. 
 
 'T is not the Spartan Helen's hated face, 
 
 \ >r faulty Paris, but the inclement gods, — »«s 
 
 v The gods, I say, — who overthrow this power, 
 And from its lofty summit lay Troy low. 
 £ :e, — I will break the cloud which, now o'erdrawn, 
 
 Obscures thy mortal vision with dark mists. 
 
 Nor fear thou to obey thy parent's will, Boo 
 
 Nor slight her precepts. Here, where ruined piles, 
 
 And stones from stones uptorn thou dost behold, 
 
 And waving clouds of mingled smoke and dust, 
 
 'T is Neptune jars the walls, and with the might 
 
 Of his great trident the foundations shakes, 825 
 
 That the whole city topples from its base. 
 
 Here fiercely cruel Juno, first of all, 
 
 The Seaman gate doth hold, and girt with steel, 
 
 Summons, in wrath, her allies from the ships. 
 
 Now look, where the Tritonian Pallas sits 830 
 
 Above the highest citadels, and gleams 
 
 With cruel Gorgon's head, amid the cloud. 
 
 The Sire himself supplies the Greeks with strength 
 
 And conquering courage; he himself stirs up 
 
 The deities against the Trojan arms. 
 
 Fly, O my son, and end thy woes and toils ! 
 
 Never will I be absent, but will set 
 
8o The Aineid. 
 
 Thee on the threshold of thy father, safe." 
 She said, and in the thickest shades of night 
 Concealed herself. The appalling Forms appear, 840 
 
 And the great deities who hated Troy. 
 
 Then verily all Ilium seemed to sink 
 
 In flames, and from her base Neptunian Troy 
 
 To be o'erturned. As when an ancient ash 
 
 Upon the mountain-top, by axes hewed 845 
 
 With frequent blows, the peasants all contend, 
 
 Eager to overthrow it ; all the while 
 
 With each concussion of its top, it nods, 
 
 Threatening, and trembling through its leafy hair, 
 
 Till vanquished by degrees, with many a wound, 850 
 
 It groans its last, and crashing down the cliff, 
 
 Drags ruin in its fall. Descending now, 
 
 Led by the goddess, through the enemies 
 
 And through the flames I am borne, while all around 
 
 The weapons yield a place, the fires recede. 855 
 
 But when I reached my old paternal home, 
 My father, whom I wished to bear away 
 To the high mountains, and whom first of all 
 I sought, refused to lengthen out his life, 
 
Book ll. X i 
 
 Ami suffer exile, now that Troy was 1 860 
 
 "O ye," he said, "who.se blood is full o\ life, 
 \\ hose solid strength in youthful vigor stands, — 
 Plan ye your flight! But it the heavenly powers 
 Had destined me to live, they would have kept 
 For me these seats. Enough, more than enough, S65 
 
 That one destruction I have seen, and I 
 Survive the captured city. Go ye then, 
 Bidding my body farewell ; thus, O thus 
 Fxtended on the earth ! — I shall rind death 
 From some hand. Merciful the foe will he, 870 
 
 And seek for spoils. The loss of burial slight 
 Will be. Long have I lingered out my years, 
 Useless, and hated by the deities, 
 Since the great sire of gods and king of men 
 Breathed on me with his storms and thunderbolts." 875 
 Thus saying, he remained with purpose fixed. 
 Then we, Creiisa and Ascanius, 
 And all the household, weeping, begged that he 
 W ould not thus ruin all our hopes, and urge 
 The impending doom. But he refused, and kept sso 
 
 I 11 moved and firm in what he had resolved. 
 Back to my arms I fly, — so sick at heart, 
 I long for death. For what expedient now, 
 1 1 
 

 82 The Alneid. 
 
 What chance remains ? " O father, dost thou think 
 
 That I can go and leave thee here alone ? ss 5 
 
 Comes such bad counsel from my father's lips ? 
 
 If 't is the pleasure of the gods that naught 
 
 From the whole city should be left, and this 
 
 Is thy determined thought and wish, to add 
 
 To perishing Troy thyself and all thy kin, — s 9 o 
 
 The gate lies open for that death desired. 
 
 Pyrrhus will soon be here, fresh from the blood 
 
 Of Priam, — he who before a father's face 
 
 Butchers his son, and stabs the father next 
 
 Before the altars. Was it then for this, 895 
 
 Mother benign, that thou didst snatch me forth 
 
 From weapons and from flames, that I should see 
 
 Within our inmost home the enemy ? — 
 
 And see Ascanius, and my aged sire, 
 
 And, by their side, Creiisa, sacrificed 9°° 
 
 All, in each other's blood? My armor then, — 
 
 Give me my arms ! 'T is the last hour that calls 
 
 Upon the vanquished! Give me to the Greeks; — 
 
 Let me renew the battles I began. 
 
 To-day we shall not all die unavenged ! " 9=5 
 
 4 
 
 Forthwith I gird myself anew in steel, 
 
Book ii. #3 
 
 And, mv left hand inserting in my shield, 
 Began to put it on, and forth was going. 
 Hut lo ! upon the threshold stood my wife, 
 And hung upon me, and embraced my feet, 
 
 And held the young lulus to his sire. 
 
 " If forth thou goest, resolved to die," she said, 
 
 "Take us along with thee, to share all fates. 
 
 But if, from trial, thou hast hope in arms, 
 
 Protect this household first. To whom dost thou 9'5 
 
 Abandon little lulus, and thy sire, 
 
 Or her whom once thou call'dst thy wife?" 
 
 So she 
 Complaining filled the house; when suddenly 
 A prodigy most wonderful appeared. 
 
 For in the midst of our embracing arms, 9 10 
 
 And faces of his sorrowing parents, lo ! 
 Upon lulus' head a luminous flame 
 W ith lambent flashes shone, and played about 
 His soft hair with a harmless touch, and round 
 His temples hovered. We with trembling fear 9^5 
 
 Sought to brush off the blaze, and ran to quench 
 The sacred fire with water from the fount. 
 But Father Anchises lifted to the stars 
 His eyes with joy, and raised his hands to heaven, 
 
84 The Aineid. 
 
 Exclaiming, " Jupiter omnipotent ! 93° 
 
 If thou wilt yield to any prayers of ours, 
 Look upon us, this once ; and if we aught 
 Deserve by any piety, give help, 
 
 Father, and these omens now confirm ! " 
 
 Scarce had my aged father said these words, 93s 
 
 When, with a sudden peal, upon the left 
 
 It thundered, and down gliding from the skies, 
 
 A star, that drew a fiery train behind, 
 
 Streamed through the darkness with resplendent light. 
 
 We saw it glide above the highest roofs, 940 
 
 And plunge into the Ida?an woods, and mark 
 
 Our course. The shining furrow all along 
 
 Its track gave light, and sulphurous fumes around. 
 
 And now, convinced, my father lifts himself; 
 
 Speaks to the gods, — adores the sacred star. 945 
 
 "Now, now," he cries, "for us no more delay! 
 
 1 follow ; and wherever ye may lead, 
 Gods of my country, I will go ! Guard ye 
 My family, my little grandson guard. 
 
 This augury is yours; and yours the power 95° 
 
 That watches Troy. And now, my son, I yield, 
 Nor will refuse to go along with thee." 
 
 
B bk 11. 
 
 And now through all the city we e\n hear 
 The roaring flames, which nearer roll their heat 
 
 "Come then, dear lather! On my shoulders I 95s 
 
 Will bear thee, nor will think the task severe. 
 Whatever lot awaits us, there shall be 
 One danger ami one safety for us both. 
 Little lulus my companion be; 
 
 And at a distance let my wife observe 960 
 
 Our footsteps. You, my servants, take good heed 
 i)f what I say. Beyond the city stands 
 Upon a rising ground a temple old 
 Of the deserted Ceres, and near by 
 
 An ancient cypress-tree, for many years 9 6 5 
 
 By the religion of our sires preserved. 
 To this, by different ways, we all will come 
 I ether. And do thou, my father, here 
 Take in thy hands our country's guardian gods, 
 And our Penates. I, who have just come forth 
 From war and recent slaughter, may not touch 
 Such sacred things, till in some flowing stream 
 I wash." This said, a tawny lion's skin 
 On my broad shoulders and my stooping neck 
 I throw, and take my burthen. At my side 
 Little lulus links his hand in mine, 
 
86 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Following his father with unequal steps. 
 Behind us steps my wife. Through paths obscure 
 We wend ; and I, who but a moment since 
 Dreaded no flying weapons of the Greeks, 
 Nor dense battalions of the adverse hosts, 
 Now start in terror at each rustling breeze, 
 And every common sound, held in suspense 
 With equal fears for those attending me, 
 And for the burthen that I bore along. 
 
 
 980 
 
 985 
 
 And now I approached the city gates, and seemed 
 
 Thus far to have accomplished all our course; 
 
 When suddenly we heard a trampling sound 
 
 Of footsteps, and my father, peering through 
 
 The darkness, cries : " Fly, fly, my son ! they come! 990 
 
 I see their blazing shields and brazen arms! " 
 
 Here I know not what influence malign 
 Bewildered me. For while along my way 
 I traced my course through unfrequented paths, 
 And shunned the beaten track, — ah, woe is me! 
 Whether, delayed by some unhappy fate, 
 Creiisa stopped, or wandered from the road, 
 Or sat down weary, is unknown to me. 
 
 995 
 
Book 11. 87 
 
 I saw her not again; nor did I note 
 
 That she was lost, nor fix my mind on her, too* 
 
 Until unto the mound and sacred shrine 
 
 Of Ceres we had come. Together met 
 
 At last, here, she alone was absent: — she 
 
 I eaped the sight of husband, son, and friends. 
 
 Distracted, whom did I not then accuse, io°s 
 
 Ot men and gods? or what more cruel loss 
 
 Had met through all the city's overthrow ? 
 
 To my companions I commend my son 
 
 Ascanius, and my father, and the gods 
 
 Of Troy, and in a winding valley hide them safe; — 1010 
 
 Hack to the city go, and gird myself 
 
 With shining armor, firmly bent to renew 
 
 All risks, and through all Troy retrace my steps, 
 
 Kxposed to every peril. First the walls, 
 
 And the dark gateway whence I had issued forth, 1015 
 
 I seek ; and every track seen through the night 
 
 I follow backward, and observe with care. 
 
 Everywhere horror tills my soul, and even 
 
 The silence terrifies. Thence to my home 
 
 I go, — if she — ah, if she should, perchance, «°*° 
 
 Have thither gone! The Greeks had broken in, 
 
 And the whole house they held. Devouring tire 
 
88 The Aineid. 
 
 Rolled in the wind, and reached the lofty roof. 
 
 Onward I move, and see again the house 
 
 Of Priam, and the citadel. And now 1025 
 
 In the deserted porticos, within 
 
 Juno's asylum, stood the chosen guards, 
 
 Phoenix and fierce Ulysses, keeping watch 
 
 Over their spoils. Here from all sides heaped up 
 
 Lay Trojan treasure, snatched from burning crypts; 1030 
 
 And tables of the gods, and robes, and cups 
 
 Of solid gold. And in a long array 
 
 Stood youths, and trembling matrons round about. 
 
 And yet I dared to raise my voice across 
 
 The shades, and filled the streets with fruitless cries, 1035 
 
 And called upon Creusa, in my grief, 
 
 Again and yet again. Then as I went 
 
 Searching from house to house, distraught and wild, 
 
 I saw, before my eyes, the spectre sad, 
 
 The shadowy image, of Creusa stand, 1040 
 
 Larger than life. Aghast I stood, with hair 
 
 Erect : my voice clung to my throat. But she 
 
 Thus spoke, and with these words allayed^ny pain : — 
 
 "Sweet husband, what avails it to indulge 
 
 This grief insane? These things do not occur 1045 
 
 Without Divine consent. 'T was not ordained 
 
Book ii. 
 
 That thou shouldst bear away Crcusa hence 
 
 As thy companion, nor does the Arbiter 
 
 Of high Olympus will it. Exile long 
 
 Must be thy lot, the vast expan c of sea . 
 
 Be ploughed; and thou shalt see the Hesperian land, 
 
 Where Lydian Tiber flows with gentle course 
 Between the fertile fields where heroes dwell. 
 Prosperity, a kingdom, and a spouse 
 Of royal rank are there obtained for thee. i 
 
 For thy beloved Creiisa cease thy tears. 
 The Myrmidons' and Dolopes' proud seats 
 I shall not see : nor shall I go away 
 A slave to Grecian matrons, — I who come 
 From Dardanus, and am the daughter-in-law i 
 
 Ot divine Venus. But upon these shores 
 The mighty mother of the gods detains me. 
 Ami now farewell, and cherish with thy love 
 Thy son and mine! " Saving this, she left me there 
 W eeping, and wishing many things to say ; '°*>s 
 
 .And, lading in the thin air, left my sight. 
 Thrice round her neck I strove to throw my arms; 
 And thrice her image from my hands escaped, 
 Th: ' . :ht, but all in vain, to grasp her form, 
 Borne like a winged dream alone the winds. 
 
 12 
 
90 The Aineicl. 
 
 Thus finally, the night being worn away, 
 
 I saw my friends again. But here, surprised, 
 
 I found a multitude of new-arrived 
 
 Companions, who had flocked into this place, — 
 
 Matrons, and men, and youths, to exile doomed : 1075 
 
 A wretched crowd : they from all sides collect, 
 
 Prepared, with courage and resource, to go 
 
 To whatsoever lands across the seas 
 
 I might desire to carry them. And now 
 
 The star of morning, o'er the mountain-tops i°8o 
 
 Of lofty Ida rising, led the day. 
 
 The Greeks still held the closely guarded gates ; 
 
 Nor was there any further hope of aid. 
 
 I yielded to my fate, and, bearing still 
 
 My sire, toward the mountains took my way.- ic8 5 
 
BOOK III. 
 
 \\ T III\X by the mandate of the gods the power 
 
 Of Asia and Priam's race was overthrown, 
 Deserving better fate; when Ilium fell, 
 And all Neptunian Troy upon the ground 
 Lav smoking ; we by auguries divine 5 
 
 In distant and deserted lands were driven 
 To seek an exile. 'Neath Antandros' walls, 
 And Phrygian Ida's slopes, we built a fleet, 
 Uncertain whither fate should carry us, 
 And where our course should end. We summon all 10 
 Our men. The early summer scarce begun, 
 My sire Anchises bids us give our sails 
 Unto the fates. Weeping, I leave behind 
 My native shores, the harbors, and the fields 
 \\ here Troy once stood, — an exile borne away 15 
 
 Upon the deep : with me my friends, my son, 
 And household gods, and those of mightier power. 
 
 Not far away there lies a peopled land, 
 

 92 The Alneid. 
 
 Sacred to Mars, with spreading fields, and tilled 
 
 By Thracians (stern Lycurgus ruled it once) ; 20 
 
 Of old in hospitable league with Troy, 
 
 And with our household gods, while fortune smiled. 
 
 Here, landing, on the winding shore I laid 
 
 The first foundations of a town, — the fates 
 
 Against me, — and from my own name I called *s 
 
 The spot iEneades. 
 
 A sacrifice 
 To my Dionean mother, and the gods 
 Favoring my works commenced, I here began 
 To offer, and to Heaven's supernal king 
 Was slaughtering on the shore a snow-white bull. 3° 
 
 It chanced there was a mound hard by, on which 
 Some twigs of cornel grew r , and myrtles thick, 
 With spear-like shoots. Approaching, I essayed 
 To pull a leafy sapling from the ground, 
 That I might deck the altars with the leaves, 35 
 
 When, dreadful to relate, a marvellous thing 
 I witnessed. For the first plant that I plucked, 
 Dark oozing blood dripped from its broken roots, 
 And specked the ground with gore. A shudder cold 
 Shook all my limbs, and froze my blood with fear. 4° 
 
 Seeking to penetrate the mystery, 
 
Book in. 
 
 93 
 
 I pulled again another pliant shoot; 
 
 Again the black blood oozes from the hark. 
 
 Disturbed in mind, I prayed the woodland nymphs, 
 
 And Father Mars, who o'er the fields of Thrace 45 
 
 Presides, that they would bless this vision strange, 
 
 And make the omen light. But when again, 
 The third time, with a tighter clutch I seized 
 A twig, and, with my knees against the ground, 
 Pulled, — shall I say it, or he mute? — a groan s° 
 
 Grievous to hear came from beneath the mound, 
 And a voice spoke: " ./Eneas, why dost thou 
 Thus tear my wretched limbs? Spare now my tomb! 
 Forbear polluting thy pure hands; for I 
 Am Trojan, and not alien to thy race; 55 
 
 Nor flows this blood from wood. Ah, leave, and fly 
 These cruel lands, these avaricious shores : 
 For I am Polydore ; and these were spears 
 That pierced me, now sprung up, an iron crop 
 Of javelins." Then aghast and all perplexed 60 
 
 I stood, with hair erect and palsied tongue. 
 -^This Polydore with a great sum of gold 
 By the unhappv Priam had been sent 
 In secret to the Thracian monarch's care, 
 W hen first he doubted the success of Troy 
 
The Alneid. 
 
 94 
 
 Beleaguered by the Greeks. I But he, when now 
 The Trojan power andlxJmiiie had declined, 
 Followed the conquering arms of Agamemnon, — 
 Broke through all faith, and murdered Polydore, 
 And seized his treasure. Cursed thirst for gold, 
 What crimes dost thou not prompt in mortal breasts ! 
 
 Soon as this fear had left me, I announced 
 These portents of the gods to our chosen chiefs, 
 And to my father first, and asked of them 
 Their counsel. All with one accord advise 
 To leave this land, by violated laws 
 Of hospitality accursed, and sail 
 Away. Then funeral rites for Polydore 
 We celebrate, and heap a mound of earth ; 
 And altars to his shade are built, and hung 
 With fillets blue, and sombre cypress boughs. 
 And round about the Trojan women go, 
 As they are wont, with loosely flowing hair. 
 And bowls of warm frothed milk are placed around, 
 And cups of sacred blood ; while in the tomb 
 We lay his ghost, with invocations loud. 
 
 7 o 
 
 75 
 
 80 
 
 Then, when the sea first smiled, and when the breeze 
 Played lightly on the waves, and south-winds c 
 
Book TIL 95 
 
 With gentle murmuring to the deep, our crews 
 
 Draw down the ships, and occupy the .shores. 90 
 
 From port we sail, and towns and lands recede. 
 
 Amid the sea there lies a lovely isle, 
 
 Sacred to Doris, mother of the nymphs 
 
 Ot ocean, and /Egean Neptune. This, 
 
 Once floating round the shores, Apollo bound 95 
 
 Fast to Gyaros and to Myconos, 
 
 And bade it stay unmoved, and scorn the winds. 
 
 Hither I sail. This pleasant isle receives 
 
 Within its port the weary voyagers. 
 
 Landing, we hail with praise Apollo's seat. 100 
 
 King Anius, Phoebus' priest and king in one, 
 
 His temples bound with fillets and with bays, 
 
 Meets us, and knows Anchises his old friend. 
 
 Then hands are grasped, with hospitable cheer, 
 
 Under his roof. And honors due I paid 105 
 
 The ancient temple stones. " Grant us," I cried, 
 
 " Thymbra?an Apollo, grant these weary ones 
 
 A home to call our own, with families, 
 
 And walls; a city where we may remain. 
 
 Preserve this newer Pergamus of Troy, " 
 
 Saved from the fierce Achilles and the Greek 
 
og The ALneid. 
 
 Whom shall we follow ? Whither dost thou will 
 That we shall go ? And where abide ? Grant now, 
 Father, some sign, and glide into our souls! " 
 
 Scarce had I spoken, when everything around 
 
 Suddenly trembled, all the sacred doors, 
 
 And laurels of the god. The mountain heaved, 
 
 And from the deep recess the tripod moaned. 
 
 With reverent submission on the earth 
 
 We fall ; and thus a voice strikes on our ears : 
 
 « Brave Dardan men, that land from which you trace 
 
 Your birth and first beginnings of your race 
 
 Shall take you back unto its joyful breast. 
 
 Go seek your ancient mother, and there rest. 
 
 There shall all shores Eneas' rule obey, 
 
 And a long line of sons hold sovereign sway." 
 
 So Phoebus spoke. A great tumultuous joy 
 
 Arose among us. All, inquiring, ask 
 
 What city this may be: whither this voice 
 
 Directs us, and commands us to return. 
 
 My father then, revolving in his mind 
 
 The legends of the olden time, thus spake : — 
 
 - Hear me, O chiefs, and learn what you may hone. 
 
 "5 
 
 125 
 
 130 
 
Book in. 97 
 
 The isle of Crete, the land of mighty fovc 
 
 Lies in mid-ocean : an LI: an mount >3s 
 
 Is there, and there the cradle of our race. 
 
 There stand a hundred peopled cities, — realms ■ 
 
 Most fertile, — whence our great progenitor, 
 
 Teucer, if I remember well the things 
 
 I 've heard, passed over to the Rhaeteari shores, 140 
 
 And for a kingdom chose a place. Not yet- 
 
 Had Ilium and its citadels arisen : 
 
 The inhabitants in lowly valleys dwelt. 
 
 Thence came the mother goddess, Cyhele, 
 
 The Corybantian cymbals, and the grove 145 
 
 Idaean ; thence the faithful secrecy 
 
 Of sacred rites; and thence the lions yoked 
 
 Beneath the chariot of the queen divine. 
 
 Come then, and follow where the gods direct. 
 
 Let us propitiate the winds, and seek 15° 
 
 The Gnossian shores. Nor are they distant far. 
 
 It Jupiter but aid us, the third day 
 
 S 1 1 .1 1 1 land our ships upon the Cretan coast." 
 
 saying, he sacrificed the victims due: 
 A hull to Neptune, and a bull to thee, 155 
 
 bright Apollo; a black sheep to the Storm ; 
 A white one to the favoring Western Winds. 
 
 'J 
 
g 8 The Aineid. 
 
 A rumor ran that King Idomeneus, 
 
 Expelled from his paternal realms, had ceased 
 
 To reign, and that the shores of Crete were left 160 
 
 Deserted, — houses void, and settlements 
 
 Abandoned. Passing by the Ortygian port, 
 
 By Naxos' Bacchanalian heights we sail ; 
 
 By green Donysa and Olearos ; 
 
 By snow-white Paros, and the Cyclades * 6 5 
 
 Scattered along the sea, and channels thick. 
 
 With islands ; and the shouting mariners 
 
 Pull at the oars with spirits emulous, 
 
 And upon Crete and our forefathers call. 
 
 A rising wind comes blowing on our stern, »7© 
 
 And follows, till at length we glide along 
 
 The ancient shores of the Curetan race. 
 
 Here eagerly I choose the site, and raise 
 
 Walls of a wished-for city, which I call 
 
 Pergamia, and exhort my people, proud 175 
 
 Of such a name, to watch with loving care 
 
 Their hearths, and guard them with a citadel. 
 
 Now hauled upon the dry shore stand the ships. 
 Our youths employ their time in choosing wives, 
 
Book in. 99 
 
 And tilling the new fields; laws I began «8o 
 
 To give, and dwellings; — when the air is filled 
 
 With sudden blight, a slow-consuming plague 
 
 Dreadful and dire, that falls upon the limbs 
 
 Of men, and on the trees, and on the crops. 
 
 A fatal year it proved. Either they left 18s 
 
 Their pleasant lives, or their sick bodies dragged 
 
 About; the dog-star parched the sterile fields; 
 
 And all the grass was dry; the sickly crops 
 
 Refused their grain. Once more across the sea 
 
 To the Ortvgian oracle, mv sire 190 
 
 Advises us to send, and supplicate 
 
 Apollo, and implore his grace, and ask 
 
 What end may be to our distressed affairs ; 
 
 W here turn for help, and whither bend our course. 
 
 'T was night ; and all the living things of earth 195 
 
 W ere sleeping ; when the sacred images, 
 
 The Phrygian household gods that I had brought 
 
 From Troy, borne through the city's flames, I saw 
 
 Standing before me as I slept, — distinct 
 
 In the broad moonlight pouring full and clear 
 
 Through the inserted windows. Then they spoke, 
 
 And with their words relieved mv anxious tears : — 
 
ioo The Alneid. 
 
 "That which Apollo would announce to thee 
 
 Going to Ortygia, here, unsought, through us 
 
 He brings to thy own doors. We, who, since Troy =o 5 
 
 Was burned, have followed thee, and helped thine 
 
 arms, 
 And in thy ships have crossed the swelling seas, — 
 We thy descendants also will exalt 
 Unto the stars, and to thy city give 
 
 Imperial power. Do thou then build thy walls «o 
 
 Of ample size, fitting a noble race, 
 Nor grow disheartened in thy wanderings. 
 Change your abiding-place. Not on these shores 
 Of Crete did Delian Apollo bid 
 
 The Trojans fix their seats. There is a place, 215 
 
 An ancient country, called among the Greeks 
 Hesperia, of a fertile soil, and strong 
 In arms, once settled by CEnotrian men ; 
 Now, from their leader's name, called Italy. 
 That is our destined home. There Dardanus »*° 
 
 Was born, — Iasius too, — and from this chief 
 Our race. Rise then, and to thy aged sire 
 Rejoicing bear this news, which none may doubt. 
 Seek for Cortona and the Ausonian lands, 
 For Jove denies to thee these Cretan fields." "5 
 
Book in. ioi 
 
 Astonished at the vision, and the voice 
 Divine (for it was not deep sleep; I .seemed 
 To know their countenances and veiled locks 
 And forms distinct), a cold sweat bathed my limbs; 
 Leaping from bed, I raised my hands and voice »3° 
 
 To heaven, and on the altar-fires of home, 
 With fitting rites, poured offerings underiled. 
 This sacrifice completed, I with joy- 
 Inform Anchises of the whole event. 
 At once he saw the double ancestry 
 And line, and how by error of new names 
 He was deceived about the ancient spots. 
 11 My son," he said, " by Trojan fates still held ! 
 ( ssandra alone foretold to me such things. 
 Now I remember how she prophesied 
 This destiny for us; and oft she spoke 
 About Hesperia and the Italian realms. 
 But who believed the Trojans e'er should come 
 To the Hesperian shores ? or who did e'er 
 To prophetess Cassandra give belief? 
 To Pha'bus let us yield, and, warned by him, 
 Seek better fortune." Thus he spoke; we all 
 With joy obey. This place we also quit, 
 Leaving a few behind ; and setting sail 
 
102 The Aineid. 
 
 In our hollow barks we skim along the sea. a 5 o 
 
 Our ships kept to the open main. No more 
 We saw the land ; on all sides sky and sea. 
 Then overhead there stood a cloud that scowled 
 With night and storm, and in the gathering gloom 
 The waves grew rough, and all at once the wind 25s 
 
 Swept over them, and surging billows rose. 
 On the vast roaring deep dispersed, we are thrown. 
 The day is wrapped in clouds, and the wet night 
 Snatches away the heavens. From bursting clouds 
 Redoubling thunders crash. Driven from our course, -60 
 We wander through the blind and misty waves. 
 Even Palinurus owns he cannot now 
 Distinguish night from day, nor recollect 
 His course. For three uncertain days we grope 
 In the thick fog, and as many starless nights. 265 
 
 On the fourth day at length the land appears, 
 And distant mountains rise, and curling smoke. 
 Our sails are lowered. Upon our oars we bend, 
 And dash the spray, and sweep the waters blue. 
 
 Safe from the waves, I landed on the shores 270 
 
 And islands of the Strophades (so called 
 In Greece) ; amid the great Ionian sea 
 They lie. And here the fell Cela:no dwelt, 
 
 
Book in. 10 
 
 o 
 
 And the other Harpies, after Phineus' house 
 
 Was closed upon them, forced by fear to quit *7s 
 
 The tables where they once had banqueted. 
 
 So dire a monster and so foul a pest 
 
 And scourge, sent by the gods, never arose 
 
 From Stygian waters; winged like the birds, 
 
 And with a virgin's face; a foul discharge 180 
 
 Comes from their bodies ; crooked claws for hands ; 
 
 And faces with perpetual hunger pale. 
 
 Here, entering the port, behold, we see 
 Fair herds of cattle grazing in the fields, 
 And flocks of goats, without a keeper, browse 285 
 
 Amid the grass. We with our weapons rush 
 Upon them ; and invoke the gods and Jove 
 Himself to share our booty. Next we spread 
 Our couches on the winding shore, and fall 
 To feasting; when with swift terrific Might t 19° 
 
 The Harpies from the mountains flock, and shake 
 Their clanging wings, and snatch away our food, 
 Defiling everything with contact foul; 
 And, 'mid the hideous stench, a dreadful voice 
 Is heard. Again, in a remote retreat, 295 
 
 L nder a hollow rock, shut in by shade 
 Ot arching trees, we set our tables forth, 
 
1 04 The ALneid. 
 
 And on the altars we replace the fire. 
 
 Again, from a different quarter of the sky, 
 
 And secret hiding-places, hovering round, 3°° 
 
 The noisy troop with crooked claws alight, 
 
 And with their mouths defile our food. I then 
 
 Bid my companions take their arms, and fight 
 
 Against this cursed race. So charged, they hide 
 
 Their swords and shining shields beneath the grass. 3°5 
 
 So, when we heard again their clattering wings 
 
 Flying along the shore, Misenus gives 
 
 A signal from his brazen trumpet, perched 
 
 Upon a height. My comrades rush to try 
 
 This novel war, and maim these fell sea-birds; 31° 
 
 But neither in their feathers nor their flesh 
 
 Do they receive a wound. Swiftly they cleave 
 
 The air, and leave their filthy tracks behind 
 
 On the half-eaten banquet. All but one, — 
 
 Cekrno. She, the gloomy prophetess, 3'5 
 
 On a high rock alighting, thus broke forth 
 
 In words : " Is 't war ye wage on us, — yea, war, 
 
 Sons of Laomedon, for these beeves you 've slain, 
 
 Our slaughtered steers, — from our own land to drive 
 
 The unoffending Harpies ? Hear ye then 3" 
 
 My words, and fix this presage in your minds, 
 
Book in. 105 
 
 Which Jove foretold to Phoebus, he to me, — 
 And I, the eldest of the Furies, tell 
 To you. Ye hold your course to Italy; 
 Your Italy ye shall find, with winds invoked, 
 
 And sail into her ports. But ere ye gird 
 Your city with its walls, by famine dire, 
 For this your outrage, ye shall be compelled 
 To gnaw the very boards on which you eat." 
 
 She said; and, borne upon her wings, she rled 330 
 
 Into the wood. But sudden fear congealed 
 My comrades' blood; their courage fell; no more 
 By arms, but with our vows and prayers, they wish 
 To ask tor peace ; whether these creatures be 
 Of rank divine, or birds obscene and dire. 335 
 
 And Father Anchises from the shore spreads forth 
 His hands, invoking the great deities ; 
 And offerings due commands : " Ye gods, forefend 
 Those threats! Ye gods, avert such hard mishap! 
 And kindly save your pious votaries." 340 
 
 Then he commands to tear our ships from shore, 
 And to uncoil the ropes, and cast them loose. 
 i he south-winds stretch our sails : through foaming wai 
 W e are borne, where'er the winds and pilot [Hunt. 
 Now looms in sight Zacynthus, crowned with v 
 
 14 
 
106 The Alneid. 
 
 Dulichium, Same, and steep Neritus ; 
 
 And past the rocks of Ithaca we fly, 
 
 Laertes' kingdom, while we curse the land 
 
 That reared the cruel Ulysses. Soon appear 
 
 The cloud-capped mountain-tops of Leucate, 35° 
 
 And Phoebus' temple, feared by mariners. 
 
 Weary, we make for this, and now approach 
 
 The little city. From the prow we cast 
 
 The anchor, and draw up our ships on shore. 
 
 Thus having gained the unexpected coast, 355 
 
 We sacrifice to Jove, and light the fires 
 Of votive offerings ; then make Actium famed 
 With Trojan games. My comrades, naked, smear 
 Their limbs with slippery oil, for wrestling-bouts, 
 As in their native land. And much delight 360 
 
 It gave to have passed so many Grecian towns 
 Unharmed, and held our passage through our foes. 
 
 Meanwhile, the great sun rolls around the year, 
 And icy winter with his northern winds 
 Roughens the waves. A shield of hollow brass 365 
 
 Once worn by mighty Abas I affix 
 Upon the door-posts, and this verse inscribe 
 Thereon, commemorative of the event : 
 These arms ^Eneas took from conquering Greeks. 
 
Book 111. 107 
 
 Then I command to quit these ports, and take 
 
 Our oars. So, rowing, o'er the waves we sweep. 
 
 Phaeacia's summits oi aerial hue 
 
 Are hid behind us, and we coast along 
 
 Epirus, entering the Chaonian ports, 
 
 And toward Bu thro turn's lofty city sail. 375 
 
 Here an incredible report we hear : 
 
 How Helenus, the son of Priam, reigns 
 
 O'er Grecian cities ; of the spouse and throne 
 
 Of Pyrrhus now possessed ; and thus again 
 
 Andromache was given as the wife 3S0 
 
 Of one from her own native land. Amazed 
 
 I heard it, and my heart was all aflame 
 
 With marvellous desire to meet the man 
 
 And hear his story. From the port I go, 
 
 Leaving my ships upon the shore. It chanced 3 s s 
 
 Andromache that day, outside the walls, 
 
 Within a grove by a mimic Simois stream, 
 
 W as making solemn feast, and offering there 
 
 Her sad libations on a mound she called 
 
 Her Plector's, green with turf, where she invoked 39> 
 
 Hi- shade; also two altars she with tears 
 
 Had consecrated. As she saw me approach, 
 
108 The Alneid. 
 
 And knew our Trojan arms, in wild amaze 
 
 And terror at this wondrous prodigy, 
 
 She stiffened as she gazed ; her color fled ; 395 
 
 Fainting she falls; and after a long pause 
 
 Can scarcely speak. " And art thou real ? " she said ; 
 
 " A real and living messenger to me, 
 
 goddess-born ! Or if the light of life 
 
 Hath left thee, — tell me, where is Hector then !" 400 
 Saying this, her tears fell fast ; her cries of grief 
 Filled all the place. To her wild words I scarce 
 Can frame a brief reply; but deeply moved, 
 With parted lips and interrupted speech, 
 
 1 cry : " I am indeed alive : through all 4°s 
 Extremes I drag my days. Doubt not ; 't is real 
 
 All that thou seest. But ah, what fate is thine, 
 
 Deprived of such a husband ? Or what lot 
 
 Worthy of thee hath fallen to thee again ? 
 
 Hector's Andromache, art thou the wife 4'° 
 
 Of Pyrrhus ? " She with downcast looks, and voice 
 
 Lowered, replied : " O, happier than all others 
 
 Was Priam's virgin daughter, when condemned 
 
 To die upon a hostile mound, beneath 
 
 The walls of Troy ; no casting of lots she bore, 4>s 
 
 Nor was led captive to a conqueror's bed ! 
 
 
Book TIL 109 
 
 While we, — our country burned, o'er manv 6C&8 
 Conveyed, having in servitude brought forth 
 
 Our children, — w c were forced to hear the pride 
 
 And con turn el v oi the Achillean race, 
 
 And of a haughty youth, who seeking then 
 
 Hcrmione in Spartan nuptial bonds, 
 
 Transferred me, slave to him, to be possessed 
 
 Bv Helen US, who also was his slave. 
 
 But, tired with love excessive for his bride 4:5 
 
 Snatched from him, and by Furies goaded on, 
 
 Orestes takes this Pyrrhus in an hour 
 
 Unguarded, and beside his altar fires 
 
 Slays him. At Pyrrhus' death, to Helenus 
 
 A portion of his kingdom fell, which he 430 
 
 Called the Chaonian land, from Chaon's name, 
 
 Of Troy ; and on these hills a citadel 
 
 1 1. is built, — a second Pergamus. But thou, — 
 
 What winds, what fates have hither shaped thy cour-r : 
 
 Or what divinity has driven thee here 
 
 Ipon our shores, unknowing of what has passed? 
 
 W hat of thy boy Ascanius ? Lives he yet ? 
 
 And does he miss the mother he has lost? 
 
 d does his sire i^neas — Hector too, 
 Hi> uncle — kindle somewhat in his breast 
 
1 1 o The Aineid. 
 
 The olden virtues, and the manly glow 
 
 Of courage?" So she poured her feelings out, 
 
 Weeping, with long and fruitless floods of tears : 
 
 When from the city, with a numerous train, 
 
 Brave Helenus the son of Priam comes, 44s 
 
 And knows his friends, and gladly them conducts 
 
 Into his palace; and between each word 
 
 Weeps many a tear. Then moving on, I see 
 
 A little Troy, a mimic Pergamus, 
 
 A scanty stream of Xanthus, and embrace 45° 
 
 The threshold of another Scasan gate 
 
 My Trojans too the hospitality 
 
 Enjoy, the king receiving them within 
 
 His ample galleries. In the palace halls 
 
 They pour the wine. The feast is served in gold. 455 
 
 And now a day and yet another day 
 
 Had passed. The breezes call ; the south-wind swel^ 
 
 Our sails. Then thus to our prophet host I spake: — 
 
 " Thou of true Trojan birth, interpreter 
 
 Of things divine, who knowest Apollo's will, 46c 
 
 The tripods, and the laurels of the god ; — 
 
 Who know'st the stars, the language of the birds, 
 
 And omens of their flight; tell me, I pray, — 
 
Book in. 1 1 1 
 
 Since favoring religious auguries 
 
 Have pointed my whole course, ami all the gods 
 
 Persuade toward Italy, and lands remote 
 
 laeno the tell Harpy, she alone 
 Foretells a strange and dreadful prodigy, 
 
 1 threatens vengeful wrath and famine dire), — 
 Tell me what dangers I must chiefly avoid, 470 
 
 Or by what guidance I may overtop 
 Mv many trials." Then with sacrifice 
 Of oxen duly offered, Helenus 
 Entreats the favor of the gods, unbinds 
 The fillets from his consecrated head, 475 
 
 And leads us to Apollo's temple, awed 
 To reverence by the presence of the god ? 
 Then from his sacred lips thus prophesies, 
 
 "Son of a goddess, certain is my faith 
 
 That thou with auspices of highest mark 480 
 
 Art sailing on the deep; (the king of god? 
 
 Distributes thus the fates, and rolls around 
 
 The order of events, even now going on.) 
 
 Ot many things a few I will declare, 
 
 I I W thou mayst safelier cross the friendly BCi . 48s 
 
 And reach the Ausonian port. For other things 
 
1 1 2 The sEneid 
 
 The Destinies forbid that thou shouldst know, 
 
 Or Juno wills not that I utter them. 
 
 And first, thou knowest not that Italy, 
 
 That seems so near, within an easy sail, 490 
 
 With neighboring ports, is distant far, by sea, 
 
 And by untrodden paths and tracts of land. 
 
 And first in the Trinacrian waves your oars 
 
 Must bend, and you must cross the Ausonian sea, 
 
 The infernal lake, and yEaean Circe's isle, 49s 
 
 Ere in safe lands thy city must be built. 
 
 The signs I '11 give thee ; bear them well in mind. 
 
 When, as thou musest anxiously beside 
 
 A hidden river, on the shores thou seest 
 
 A huge sow lying 'neath the ilex-trees, s°° 
 
 White, on the ground, with thirty sucking young 
 
 Of the same color clustered round her teats, — 
 
 There shall thy city be, there rest be found 
 
 From toil. Nor fear that prophecy that ye 
 
 Shall eat your tables. Fate shall find a way ; s°s 
 
 Apollo, when invoked, will be your aid. 
 
 But for those nearer lands of Italy 
 
 Washed by our tides, avoid them ; all their towns 
 
 Are inhabited by evil-minded Greeks. 
 
 Here the Narycian Locri built their walls; 5 10 
 
Book in. 113 
 
 And here Idomencus oi Crete has tilled 
 
 With soldiery the Sallentinian plains. 
 
 And Philoctetes, Melibo/an chief, 
 
 Defends the small Petilia with his walls. 
 
 Moreover, when your fleet has crossed the seas, s's 
 
 And, building altars on the shore, you pay 
 
 Your vows, shroud with a purple veil thy head, 
 
 Lest 'mid the sacred fires and rites divine 
 
 Some hostile presence should present itself, 
 
 And so disturb the omens. Keep this rule s*° 
 
 Of worship, thou and thy companions all, 
 
 And thy descendants. But when near the coasts 
 
 {){ Sicily, Pelorus' narrow straits 
 
 Open to view, then take the land to the left, 
 
 And the left sea, with a wide circuit round, s*s 
 
 And shun the shore and sea upon the right. 
 
 Those lands, 't is said, by vast convulsions once 
 
 Were torn asunder (such the changes wrought 
 
 By time), when both united stood as one. 
 
 Between them rushed the sea, and with its waves 53° 
 
 Cut off the Italian side from Sicily, 
 
 And now between their fields and cities flows 
 
 With narrow tide. There Scylla guards the right, 
 
 Charybdis the implacable the left; 
 
ii4 The Aineid. 
 
 And thrice its whirlpool sucks the vast waves down 535 
 
 Into the lowest depths of its abyss, 
 
 And spouts them forth into the air again, 
 
 Lashing the stars with waves. But Scylla lurks 
 
 Within the blind recesses of a cave, 
 
 Stretching her open jaws, and dragging down 540 
 
 The ships upon the rocks. Foremost, a face, 
 
 Human, with comely virgin's breast, she seems, 
 
 E'en to the middle; but her lower parts 
 
 A hideous monster of the sea, the tails 
 
 Of dolphins mingling with the womb of wolves. 54s 
 
 Better to voyage, though delaying long, 
 
 Around Pachyna's cape, with circuit wide, 
 
 Than once the shapeless Scylla to behold 
 
 Under her caverns vast, and hear those rocks 
 
 Resounding with her dark blue ocean hounds. 55° 
 
 And now besides, if aught of wisdom be 
 
 In Helenus, or credit as a seer, — 
 
 If with true lore Apollo fills his mind, 
 
 One thing before all others' I enjoin, 
 
 One admonition urge and urge again. 555 
 
 First of all, supplicate great Juno's power; 
 
 To Juno pay thy vows with willing mind; 
 
 O'erpower the mighty queen with gifts and prayers. 
 
 
Book in. i 1 5 
 
 So, finally, Trinacria left behind, 
 Victorious thou shalt reach the Italian lands. 
 Thence, when Cumaea's city thou hast found, 
 
 And sounding forests of the Avernian lake, 
 
 Here the mad Sibyl thou wilt see, who sits 
 
 Beneath a rock, announcing human fates, 
 
 And to her leaves commits her oracles. 565 
 
 What mystic lines the virgin writes, she lays 
 
 Arranged, and leaves them shut within her cave; 
 
 Unmoved thev lie, nor is their order changed. 
 
 Hut should the door upon its hinges turn, 
 
 And some light breeze disturb the delicate leaves, 570 
 
 And scatter them about the hollow cave, 
 
 She never cares to arrest them, or renew 
 
 Their order, and connect her oracles; 
 
 Ami they who came to her, uncounselled go, 
 
 Hating the Sibyl's seat. Here, do not grudge 575 
 
 Delay and loss of time too much, although 
 
 Thy comrades chide thee, and the voyage tempts 
 
 Thy sail<, with prospect of auspicious winds ; 
 
 Hut to the Sibyl go, entreating her 
 
 That she herself will tell her oracles, 
 
 And open willingly her voice and lips. 
 
 She will unfold to thee the Italian tribes, 
 
u6 
 
 The SEneid. 
 
 Thy coming wars, and how thou mayst avo.d, 
 
 How bear thy suffering, Reverently approached, 
 
 She will direct thee on a prosperous course. 
 
 So far it is permitted I may speak 
 
 To thee admonitory words. Now go, 
 
 And with thy deeds bear Troy to heights divine. 
 
 When thus the prophet had with friendly speech 
 
 Addressed me, to our ships he sends rich gifts 
 
 Of gold, of ivory, and of silver plate, 
 
 And Dodona;an caldrons; and with these 
 
 A corselet woven of triple links of gold, 
 
 And a proud helmet with a flowing crest 
 
 Of hair, the arms of Neoptolemus ; 
 
 Gifts for my father also ; horses too, 
 
 And guides, and bands of rowers he supplies; 
 
 And furnishes, withal, our crews w.th arms. 
 
 Meanwhile, Anchises bids us hoist our sails, 
 Lest by delay we miss the rising wind. 
 Then him Apollo's priest addresses thus, 
 
 • n • " Thou who wert worthy deemed 
 With reverent mien : 1 n°«. 
 
 Of Venus' proud espousals, -by heaven's care 
 Twice rescued tVom Troy----- lo > the hnd 
 
Book in. ' I 7 
 
 Ausonian is before thee! With thy Bhips 
 
 Go take it. Vet thou needs must pass it by 
 
 Upon this sea. Far distant is that part 
 
 Of Italy Apollo opes to thee. 
 
 G . happy in the filial piety 
 
 Of this thy son ! Why further speech from me ? 
 
 Or why with words delay the rising winds?" 
 Grieved too at taking leave, Andromache 
 
 Brings for Ascanius broidered garments wrought 
 
 With golden thread; also a Phrygian cloak, 
 
 An offering not unworthy, — loading him 
 
 With gifts of woven stuffs; while thus she speaks: — 
 
 " Accept these too, my boy, and let them be 
 
 Memorials oi' my handiwork, and show 
 
 The love unlading of Andromache, 
 
 Once Hector's wife; thy kindred's parting gifts; — 
 
 O >ole surviving image of my boy 
 
 Astyanax ! Such eyes, such hands had he, 
 
 Such features ; and his budding youth would just 
 
 Have equalled thine in years." Departing now, 
 
 With gushing tears I said : " Happy be ye, 
 
 Whose fortune is achieved. For us, we are called 
 
 From one fate to another; but for you 
 
 Rest is secure : no ploughing ot the deep, 
 
 
1 1 8 The Aineid. 
 
 No fields of distant Italy to seek, 
 
 Forever vanishing before your eyes. 630 
 
 An image of the Xanthus and of Troy 
 
 Ye have before you, by your own hands made, 
 
 With better auspices, I hope, and less 
 
 Exposed to hostile Greeks. If I should ever 
 
 Enter the Tiber, and the adjacent fields 6 3S 
 
 Of Tiber, and behold the cities given 
 
 Unto my people, — then, our kindred towns 
 
 And neighboring populations shall one day — 
 
 Epirus and Hesperia (having both 
 
 One founder, Dardanus, one fortune too) — 64 ° 
 
 Make a united Troy in our regard. 
 
 Be this the care of our posterity." 
 
 Close to the neighboring Ceraunia now 
 
 We sail, whence lies our way to Italy, 
 
 The shortest course by sea. Meanwhile the sun 645 
 
 Goes down ; the shadowy mountains hide in night. 
 
 On the earth's welcome lap we throw ourselves, 
 
 Beside the waves, the watch being set on board, 
 
 And here and there along the sandy beach 
 
 Refresh ourselves with food. Our weary limbs 6 5 c 
 
 Are bathed in sleep. Not yet the night had reached 
 
 
Book m. rig 
 
 Her middle course, when Palinurus leaves 
 
 His bed, — no sluggard he, — and all the winds 
 
 Essays, listening to catch their sounds; and notes 
 
 In the still sky the softly gliding stars, 6 5S 
 
 Arcturus, and the rainy Hyades, 
 
 And the two Bears, and armed Orion bright 
 
 With gold. And when he sees that all is still 
 
 Amid the heavens serene, he from the stern 
 
 Gives the clear signal. Then we strike our tents, 660 
 
 And try the voyage, with our winged sails 
 
 And now Aurora reddens in the east ; 
 
 The stars had vanished ; when, far off, we see 
 
 The dusky mountains and the long low shore 
 
 Of Italy. And Italy rings first 665 
 
 Achates' voice, and Italy with shouts 
 
 Of joy my comrades greet. My father then 
 
 W reathes a great cup, and fills it up with wine, 
 
 And, standing in the stern, invokes the gods : — 
 
 " Ye potent deities of sea and land, 670 
 
 And of the storms, grant us a passage safe, 
 
 And favoring breezes." Soon the wished-for winds 
 
 Freshen, and wider grows the harbor now ; 
 
 Minerva's temple on a height appears; 
 
 W e furl the sails, and turn our prows to land. 
 
120 The Alneid. 
 
 Hollowed by eastern tides the harbor lies, 
 
 And hidden by the jutting rocks, on which 
 
 The salt waves dash. The cliffs, high-turreted, 
 
 Stretch out with double walls ; the temple stands 
 
 Back, from the shore. Here, our first augury, 680 
 
 We see four snow-white horses grazing free 
 
 Amid the grass. " Ah, hospitable land," 
 
 My father cries, " for us thou bringest war ! 
 
 For war these steeds portend. Yet since they have known 
 
 The chariot, and the peaceful yoke and reins, 685 
 
 They also promise peace." The sacred power 
 
 Of Pallas with the ringing armor then 
 
 We supplicate, who first received us, glad 
 
 To gain the shore ; and at the altars throw 
 
 The Phrygian veil about our heads ; and then, 690 
 
 As Helenus prescribed, due offerings burn 
 
 To Argive Juno. 
 
 Now, without delay, 
 Our vows performed, we turn our sails, and leave 
 The dwellings and suspected lands of men 
 Of Grecian race. And next Tarentum's bay, 695 
 
 Named, if report be true, from Hercules, 
 Is seen ; and opposite lifts up her head 
 The goddess of Lacinia ; and the heights 
 
Book III. I 2 f 
 
 Appear of Caulon, and the dangerous rocks 
 
 Of Sylaceum. Then far off we see 700 
 
 Trinacrian /Etna rising from the waves ; 
 
 And now we hear the ocean's awful roar, 
 
 The breakers dashing on the rocks, the moan 
 
 Of broken voices on the shore. The deeps 
 
 Leap up, and sand is mixed with boiling foam. 70s 
 
 " Charybdis ! " cries Anchises ; " lo, the cliffs, 
 
 The dreadful rocks that Helenus foretold ! 
 
 Save us, — bear off, my men ! With equal stroke 
 
 Bend on your oars! " No sooner said than done. 
 
 With groaning rudder Palinurus turns 710 
 
 The prow to the left, and the whole cohort strain 
 
 W ith oar and sail, and seek a southern course. 
 
 The curving wave one moment lifts us up 
 
 Skyward, then sinks us down as in the shades 
 
 Of death. Three times amid their hollow caves 715 
 
 The cliffs resound ; three times we saw the foam 
 
 Dashed, — that the stars hung dripping wet with dew. 
 
 Meanwhile, abandoned by the wind and sun, 
 
 W eary, and ignorant of our course, we are thrown 
 
 I'pon the Cyclops' shore. 
 
 The port is large, 720 
 
 And sheltered from the winds. But /Etna near, 
 16 
 
122 The j&neid. 
 
 With frightful desolation roars, at times 
 
 Sending up bursts of black clouds in the air, 
 
 With rolling smoke of pitch, and flashing sparks, 
 
 And globes of flame that lick the very stars. 721 
 
 Then, from the bowels of the mountain torn, 
 
 Huge stones are hurled, and melted rocks heaped up, 
 
 A roaring flood of fire. 'T is said that here 
 
 Enceladus, half blasted by the bolts 
 
 Of heaven, was thrust beneath the mountainous mass; 73° 
 
 And mighty ^Etna, piled above, sends forth 
 
 His fiery breathings from the broken flues ; 
 
 And every time he turns his weary sides, 
 
 All Sicily groans and trembles, and the sky 
 
 Is wreathed in smoke. Sheltered by woods that night, 73s 
 
 Strange sounds affright us, nor can we detect 
 
 Their cause ; for in the sky no stars appeared, 
 
 And all the heavens were black with murky clouds, 
 
 And the moon shrouded by the untimely night. 
 
 At length the early dawn arose. The day 740 
 
 Had drawn away the damp shades from the sky; 
 
 When suddenly a figure from the woods, 
 
 An unknown man with pale and wasted looks 
 
 And miserably clad, appeared, and stretched 
 
Book in. 12^ 
 
 His hands in supplication toward the shore. -45 
 
 Closely we scan him, filthy, with long beard, 
 And garment pinned with thorns; in all besides, 
 
 A Greek, as once he had been sent to tight 
 
 With Grecian arms 'gainst Troy. lie, when he saw 
 
 From far our Trojan garments, and our arms, 75° 
 
 Awhile in terror paused, and then went on ; 
 
 Then rushing headlong to the shore he ran, 
 
 With tears and supplications : " By the stars, 
 
 The gods, the respirable air and light, — 
 
 Take me away, O Trojans, — wheresoe'er 75s 
 
 Ye go ! 'T will be enough for me. I own 
 
 That I am one of those who from the fleets 
 
 Of Greece made war upon your household gods. 
 
 For which, if my offence be deemed too great, 
 
 Tear me in pieces, — throw me in the sea ; 760 
 
 At least I then shall die by human hands!" 
 
 So saying, he embraced our knees, and rolled 
 
 Upon the ground, still clinging. Urgently 
 
 We ask his name, his family, and what 
 
 Hard lot pursues him. And my sire himself 765 
 
 At once presents his right hand to the youth, 
 
 And reassures his courage with that pledge. 
 
 Then, laving by his fears, he thus began : — 
 
1 24 The Alneid. 
 
 "From Ithaca I came, my native land; 
 My name is Achemenides ; I was 770 
 
 Companion of Ulysses, hapless chief! 
 My father, Adamastus, being poor, 
 I went to Troy. (Would that my state remained 
 As once it was! ) My comrades left me here, 
 Unmindful, in the Cyclops' cavern vast, — 775 
 
 When from this cruel shore they fled in fear, — 
 A huge and gloomy den defiled with gore 
 And bloody feasts. He, towering, strikes the stars. 
 (Ye gods, remove such scourges from the earth ! ) 
 Not to be seen or heard without a thrill 780 
 
 Of horror, — on the entrails and the blood 
 Of miserable men he feeds. I myself saw, 
 When, with his huge hand seizing two of us, 
 Back bending in the middle of his cave, 
 Fie broke their bones upon a rock, and all 785 
 
 The threshold, spattered, swam with human blood. 
 I saw him when he chewed their limbs, that dripped 
 Dark blood, the warm flesh quivering in his teeth ; — 
 Not unrevenged ; — nor did Ulysses bear 
 Such things; nor was the chief of Ithaca 79= 
 
 Forgetful of himself in such an hour. 
 For when, full of his food, and sunk in wine, 
 
Book ///. 125 
 
 He threw his length immense upon the floor, 
 Belching the gore and gobbets in his sleep, 
 
 Mingled with wine, we, praying to the gods, 79s 
 
 And casting lots, surround him on all sides, 
 
 And with a weapon sharp the eyeball pierced, 
 
 That huge and simile 'neath his scowling hrow 
 
 Glared, like a Grecian shield, or Phoebus' lamp. 
 
 And so at last we joyfully avenged 800 
 
 The shades of our companions. But fly, fly, 
 
 Unhappy men ! Loose from the shore your ropes. 
 
 For vast as stands this Polyphemus there, 
 
 Penning his woollv sheep, or milking them 
 
 In his dark cave, a hundred more there are 805 
 
 W ho haunt these winding shores, or wander high 
 
 Among the mountains. Now three moons have rilled 
 
 Their horns since I have dragged my life along 
 
 In forests, and in desert haunts of beasts; 
 
 And the huge Cyclops from the rocks I see, sio 
 
 And tremble at their voices and their steps. 
 
 A wretched food the branches have supplied ; 
 
 Berries and stony cornels, and the roots 
 
 Of plants torn from the earth, have fed me long. 
 
 Looking around on all .sides, I at length 
 
 ried your fleet, as it approached these shores. 
 

 126 The sEneid. 
 
 Whate'er it might be, I resolved to yield 
 
 Myself to it. Enough that I 've escaped 
 
 That dreadful race ; rather take ye my life, 
 
 By whatsoever death ye choose to ordain." 820 
 
 Scarce had he spoken, when on a mountain-top 
 
 We saw the shepherd Polypheme himself, 
 
 With his vast bulk, stalking among his sheep, — 
 
 An awful monster, huge, misshaped, and blind. - 
 
 Down to his well-known shores he came. His hand 825 
 
 A pine-trunk held, and steadied thus his feet. 
 
 His woolly sheep accompanied his steps, 
 
 His sole delight and solace in his woes. 
 
 When to the deep sea he had come, he bathed 
 
 The gory socket where his eye had been, 830 
 
 Gnashing his teeth with groans. Then through the waves 
 
 He wades; the billows scarcely reach his sides. 
 
 Trembling, we haste to fly ; and take away 
 
 With us the stranger, as he well deserved ; 
 
 Silently cut the ropes, and bending, row, 835 
 
 And sweep the sea with our contending oars. 
 
 He hears a voice, and toward the sound he turns. 
 
 But when he cannot reach us with his hands, 
 
 Nor dare the depths of the Ionian seas 
 
Book in. i >j 
 
 In his pursuit, with outcry terrible 
 
 He clamors, that the ocean and its waves 
 
 Tremble with fear; affrighted It.ilv 
 
 Shudders; and /Etna with its hollow caves 
 
 Reverberates the roar. Hut from the woods 
 
 And mountains rush the uproused Cyclop tribe, 
 
 Swarming upon the shore. We see them stand, 
 
 The /F.tnean brothers, each with glaring eye, 
 
 Powerless for harm, their lofty heads high raised, 
 
 A dread assembly ; as on some high hill 
 
 Stand windy oaks, or cone-clad cypress-trees, 8 5 o 
 
 Jove's lofty forests, or Diana's groves. 
 
 Sharp fear impels us to unreef our sails 
 
 With speed, and take whatever winds may blow 
 
 To favor us. Still, Helenus' commands 
 
 We bear in mind, that warned us not to steer 8 55 
 
 'Twixt Scylla and Charybdis, each the way 
 
 Of death, with little choice. Backward we tend; 
 
 When lo, a north-wind from Pelorus sent 
 
 Came blowing; and we passed Pantagia's mouth 
 
 Of rock, the bay of Megara, and coast 
 
 01 Thapsa, lying low; so all these shores 
 
 Di 1 Achemenides, Ulysses' mate, 
 
 Point out, retracing his own wandering course. 
 
 

 128 The sEneid. 
 
 Stretching in front of the Sicanian bay, 
 
 And opposite wave-washed Plemmyrium, lies 865 
 
 An isle, to which the ancients gave the name 
 
 Ortygia. Hither, so the legends say, 
 
 Alpheus, Elis' river, underneath 
 
 The ocean found a secret way, and now 
 
 Mingles with Arethusa's stream, and flows s 7 o 
 
 With the Sicilian waves. Here, as prescribed, 
 
 We adore the deities who rule the place. 
 
 Thence, passing the fat soil and stagnant stream 
 
 Of the Helorus, by Pachynus' crags 
 
 Of tall and jagged rock, we coast along ; 87s 
 
 And Camarina, which the fates forbade 
 
 That they should ever drain, is seen afar; 
 
 And Gela, with its city, fields, and stream. 
 
 Steep Agrigentum shows her stately walls, 
 
 Once famed for mettled steeds. We leave behind sso 
 
 Palmy Selinus, and the dangerous shoals 
 
 And rocks of Lilybeum. Then the port 
 
 Of Drepanum receives me, — joyless shore! — 
 
 For here, so long by tempests driven, at last, 
 
 Alas, I lose Anchises, honored sire, ss 5 
 
 Who was the solace of my cares and griefs. 
 
 Here, best of fathers, thou didst leave me, sad 
 
BOOk I If. | 2 g 
 
 And worn; thou, from so many perils snatched, 
 
 Alas, now all in vain ! Nor had the seer 
 
 Helenus, when so many dread events 8 
 
 In vision he foretold, predicted grief 
 
 Like this to me; nor said Celirno aueht 
 
 This was my latest suffering, this the close 
 
 My long, long wanderings found. Thence borne away, 
 
 Some deity has brought me to your shores. 
 
 8 9S 
 
 Thus while they listened all, ^neas told 
 His tale of fates divine, and all his course 
 At length he rested, having made an end. 
 
 17 
 
BOOK IV. 
 
 DUT pierced with grievous pangs long since, the queen 
 ^^^ Feeds in her veins the wound, by secret fire 
 
 Consumed. The hero's many virtues oft 
 
 Recur to her mind, and glories of his race. 
 
 Within her heart his looks, his words are fixed ; s 
 
 Her troubled soul allows her limbs no rest. 
 
 Now Morn with Phoebus' torch illumed the earth, 
 
 Driving the dewy shadows from the sky; 
 
 When with mind ill at ease, she thus addressed 
 
 Her loving sister : " Anna, sister dear, 10 
 
 What dreams affright and fill me with suspense ! 
 
 What wondrous guest into our courts has come ? 
 
 What bearing in his mien ! How brave he seems . 
 
 In spirit and in arms! I do believe 
 
 (No groundless faith) his lineage is divine. 15 
 
 Fear shows degenerate souls. Ah, by what fates 
 
 Has he been buffeted, — what weary wars! 
 
Book ir. 131 
 
 if in my mind the purpose were not fixed, 
 
 To ally myself with none in nuptial chains, 
 
 Since my first love was baffled by tal.se death ; 
 
 It" marriage bed and bridal torch were not 
 
 A weary thought, — perhaps I might succumb 
 
 To this one fault. For I confess to thee, 
 
 Anna, that since Sychaeus' wretched fate, 
 
 When by a brother's crime our household gods »s 
 
 Were stained with blood, this one alone has stirred 
 
 My feelings, and impressed my wavering mind. 
 
 I see the traces of my earlier riame. 
 
 But I would rather that the steadfast earth 
 
 Should yawn beneath me, from its lowest depths, 3° 
 
 Or the Omnipotent Father hurl me down 
 
 With thunder to the shades, the pallid shades 
 
 Of Erebus, and night profound, ere thee, 
 
 O sacred shame, I violate, or break 
 
 Thy laws. He who first joined me to himself 35 
 
 Took away all my love. Let him still hold 
 
 And guard it in his sepulchre." She said; 
 
 And bathed her breast with tears she could not check. 
 
 Anna replied: " O, dearer than the light 
 Into thy sister! Wilt thou waste away, 
 
1 3 2 The ^Eneid. 
 
 Lonely and sad, thy bloom of youth, nor know 
 
 Of children sweet, nor the rewards of love ? 
 
 Or dost thou think the ashes of the dead, 
 
 Or that the buried ghosts will care for this? 
 
 Grant that, while grief was fresh, no suitor gained 45 
 
 Thy heart, of Lybia, or before, of Tyre ; 
 
 Iarbas slighted, and the leaders all 
 
 Whom Africa, replete with triumphs, bore ; 
 
 Yet wilt thou fight against congenial love ? 
 
 Dost thou remember whose the fields whereon 5° 
 
 Thou art seated ? Here Ga?tulian cities stand, 
 
 And gird thee round, — the unconquerable race, — 
 
 Unreined Numidian bands, — and they who haunt 
 
 The inhospitable Syrtes ; there a tract 
 
 Of thirsty desert, and the raging tribes 55 
 
 Of Barca. Why of wars that loom in Tyre 
 
 Need that I speak, or of thy brother's threats ? 
 
 By auspices divine, I must believe, 
 
 And Juno's favor 't was, the Trojan ships 
 
 Were driven hither. What a city thine 6o 
 
 Will be! What kingdoms from such union spring! 
 
 With Teucrian forces joined to ours, to what 
 
 A height of power will Punic glory rise! 
 
 Only do thou ask favor of the gods, 
 
Book iv % 133 
 
 With all due rites, and hospitality 65 
 
 Accord, devising reasons for delay, 
 
 While on the sea the stormy winter raves, 
 
 And waterv Orion, and his ships 
 
 Are shattered, and the inclement sky still frowns." 
 
 With words like these she fanned the flame of love 70 
 
 Within her soul ; gave hope to her doubting mind, 
 
 And freed her from the scruples for her fame. 
 
 First to the shrines they go, and pray for peace 
 Before the altars. Choice sheep two years old, 
 As rule prescribed, to Ceres, giver of laws, 75 
 
 Phcebus, and Bacchus, there they sacrifice ; 
 And above all, to Juno, who hath care 
 Of marriage ties. Herself fair Dido holds 
 And pours the cup between the white cow's horns; 
 Or, at the unctuous altars, to and fro 80 
 
 She moves, before the presence of the gods ; 
 Renews the gifts all day ; and bending o'er 
 The victims' opened breasts, with parted lips 
 Of eager hope, consults the entrails still 
 Breathing with life. Alas, the ignorance 
 Of all prophetic lore! What vows, what ^hrin 
 Can help her raging love? The soft rlame bur: 
 Meanwhile, the marrow of her life; the wound 
 
134 The sEneid. 
 
 Lives silently, and rankles 'neath her breast. 
 
 The unhappy Dido through the city roams 90 
 
 With burning bosom; as a heedless deer 
 
 Wandering far off amid the Cretan woods, 
 
 Struck by the random arrow of some swain, 
 
 Who sends his flying dart, nor knows the while 
 
 Where it has sped : but she through woods and wilds 95 
 
 Roams, the fell shaft still sticking in her side. 
 
 Now she conducts iEneas through the midst 
 Of walls and battlements, and shows her wealth 
 Sidonian, as if all were built for him : 
 Begins to speak, and half-way checks her yoice; 100 
 
 At eve, impatient waits the banquet hour, 
 And asks again to hear his Trojan tale 
 Of sorrows, and infatuated hangs 
 Upon the speaker's lips. And now when all 
 Have gone, and the dim moon withdraws her light, 105 
 And the declining stars invite to rest, 
 Alone through all the empty house she sighs, 
 And on the banquet couch he left reclines; 
 And hears and sees him though he is not near. 
 Or in her lap Ascanius she detains, no 
 
 Snared by the father's image in the son, 
 If haply thus she may but cheat her love 
 
Book iv. 
 
 5D 
 
 Unutterable. Towers that were begun 
 
 Now cease to rise. The warrior youths no more 
 
 Engage in martial exercise; nor ports us 
 
 Nor bulwarks are prepared for war. All works 
 
 Hang interrupted, both the ramparts huge, 
 
 And scaffoldings that climbed toward the sky. 
 
 When Juno saw that such a subtle pest 
 
 P messed the queen, regardless of her fame no 
 
 In her mad passion, she to Venus thus 
 
 Addressed her speech : " Rare praise, and ample spoils 
 
 Thou bring'st indeed, — thou, and that son of thine. 
 
 A great and memorable act of power, 
 
 W hen by the guile of two divinities ns 
 
 One woman is o'ercome ! Nor have I failed 
 
 To see that thou hast feared our city's walls, 
 
 Suspicious of our Carthaginian rule. 
 
 What limit will there be to this? Or why 
 
 Such contests? Why not rather bring about 130 
 
 Eternal peace, and binding marriage rites? 
 
 W hat thou didst seek with all thy mind, thou hast. 
 
 Ardently Dido loves; through all her limbs 
 
 Her passion beats. Then let us henceforth rule 
 
 W ith equal auspices this people : she 
 
136 The Alneid. 
 
 To serve a Phrygian husband, he to accept 
 From thee her Tyrians as a marriage dower." 
 
 Then Venus answered (for she saw her deep 
 
 Dissembling mind, whose scheming would avert 
 
 Italia's kingdom to the Lybian shores) : — 140 
 
 " Who is so void of sense he can refuse 
 
 Such terms, or who would strive with thee in war ? 
 
 If only what thou say'st might prove success 
 
 When done. But I am uncertain what the fates 
 
 Decree, whether it be the will of Jove 145 
 
 That Tyrians and Trojans here should dwell 
 
 In the same city, mixing race with race, 
 
 And joining hands as allies. Thou 'rt his spouse. 
 
 For thee 't is lawful with thy prayers to sound 
 
 His deep intent. Go on. I follow thee." 15° 
 
 Then thus the royal Juno : " Be it mine 
 
 That task. And now my reasons, and the affair 
 
 Most urgent, can be briefly said. Attend, 
 
 And I will tell thee. When to-morrow's sun 
 
 Shall light the world, the unhappy Dido goes, 15s 
 
 Attended by i£neas, to the woods, 
 
 Prepared for hunting. While the plumage bright 
 
Book IV. i \j 
 
 Is fluttering in the wind, and they surround 
 
 The thicket with their nets, I from above 
 
 Will thunder through the heavens, and on them po 
 
 A dark storm mixed with hail. The attendants all 
 By different ways will fly, covered by clouds 
 And darkness. Dido and the Trojan prince 
 To the same cave for shelter will repair. 
 I will he there, and, if thy will be mine, 
 Will join them in firm wedlock, and declare 
 Their union. There the nuptial rites shall be." 
 
 Not adverse, Cytherea nods assent 
 To her request, and smiles at the open fraud. 
 
 Meanwhile Aurora from the ocean wakes; 170 
 
 And with the risen morning star come bands 
 
 Of chosen youths forth from the city gates, 
 
 W ith nets and snares, and broad-tipped hunting-spears, 
 
 vlian riders and keen-scented hounds. 
 At the palace doors the Punic lords await 175 
 
 The queen within her chamber tarrying long. 
 Splendid in gold and purple stands her steed, 
 And fiercely champs upon his foaming bit. 
 At length she issues forth, with all her train. 
 A rich Sidonian scarf with broidered hem 180 
 
 iS 
 
138 The Aineid. 
 
 She wears ; her quiver is of gold ; her hair 
 
 In golden knots is bound ; a golden clasp 
 
 Confines her robe of purple at the waist. 
 
 Also the Phrygian knights come moving on ; 
 
 Joyous lulus too. Most beautiful 185 
 
 Among them all, iEneas comes, and joins 
 
 The troop. As when Apollo leaves behind 
 
 The wintry Lycia, and the Xanthian waves, 
 
 And to his native Delos turns again ; 
 
 There he renews the dances, and around 19° 
 
 The altars Cretans, mixed with Dryops, shout, 
 
 And painted Agathyrsi ; he himself 
 
 Moves on the top of Cynthus, and adjusts 
 
 His flowing hair, binding it round with leaves 
 
 Fastened with gold ; upon his shoulders ring 195 
 
 His arrows. So, no slower in his pace, 
 
 ./Eneas moves. So in his countenance 
 
 The radiant beauty shines. ^ 
 
 I Now they had gained 
 The mountains steep, and pathless haunts of beasts. 
 Lo, here the wild goats, from the topmost rocks *=° 
 
 Dislodged, run down the ridges; there the deer 
 Huddle in dusty squadrons. But the boy 
 Ascanius through the valleys bounds along 
 
Book iv. 1 3 9 
 
 Rejoicing, on his mettled Steed ; and now 
 This way pursues, now that, — and much desires *os 
 
 That 'mid the timid herds he might pursue 
 A foaming boar, or see a lion come, 
 With tawny skin, down from the mountain-sides. 
 
 Meanwhile the sky begins to be disturbed 
 
 With muttering thunder; and a storm ensues *io 
 
 Of mingled rain and hail. The Tyrian knights 
 
 The Trojan youths, and young Ascanius, all 
 
 In fear seek different shelter here and there 
 
 About the fields. The swollen streams rush down 
 
 The mountains. Dido and the Trojan prince -'5 
 
 In the same cave find refuge. Tellus then, 
 
 And Juno, goddess of the nuptial ties, 
 
 Give signal. Lightnings flash around. The sky 
 
 Is witness of the hymeneal rites ; 
 
 And from the mountain summits shriek the nymphs. 
 
 That day first proved the source of death ; that first 
 
 The origin of woes. For neither now 
 
 By seeming or good fame is Dido moved; 
 
 r does she meditate clandestine love. 
 She calls it marriage ; and beneath this name 
 Conceals her fault. 
 
1 40 The Aineid. 
 
 Then through the cities wide 
 Of Lybia, all at once flies Rumor forth, — 
 Rumor, than whom no evil is more swift. 
 She grows by motion, gathers strength by flight. 
 Small at the first, through fear, soon to the skies ^^o 
 
 She lifts herself. She walks upon the ground, 
 And hides her head in clouds. Her parent Earth, 
 Wroth, so they say, at the anger of the gods, 
 Gave birth to her, her latest progeny, 
 Sister to Coeus and Enceladus ; 235 
 
 With nimble feet, and swift persistent wings, 
 A monster huge and terrible is she. 
 As many feathers as her body bears, 
 So many watchful eyes beneath them lurk, 
 So many tongues and mouths, and ears erect. ^40 
 
 By night 'twixt heaven and earth she flies, through shades, 
 With rushing wings, nor shuts her eyes in sleep. 
 By day she watches from the roofs or towers ; 
 And the great cities fills with haunting fears ; 
 As prone to crime and falsehood as to truth, *k 
 
 She with her gossip multifold now filled 
 The people's ears, rejoicing, — fiction and fact 
 Alike proclaiming; now that ./Eneas, born 
 Of Trojan blood, had come, whom Dido thought 
 
Book ir. 141 
 
 Worthy her hand in marriage ; now that they 
 Were passing the long winter in delight 
 Of luxury, unmindful of their realms, 
 
 Captive to low desires. The goddess base 
 Pours here and there into the mouths of men 
 
 Such things ; then far off turns her course, and flies 
 To King Iarbas, and inflames his mind 
 With sayings, and his anger aggravates. 
 
 He, sprung from Amnion, and the forced embrace 
 
 Of a Garamantian nymph, to Jove had built 
 
 A hundred altars and a hundred fanes 260 
 
 In his broad realms, and consecrated there 
 
 The eternal watch and vigil hres divine ; 
 
 And all the ground was fat with blood of flocks: 
 
 And the doors decked with wreaths of various hue. 
 
 He, turious, it is said, and in his soul »6 5 
 
 Inflamed by bitter Rumor, prayed to Jove 
 
 Before the altars and the sacred shrines, 
 
 Suppliant, with earnest words and lifted hands: — 
 
 M Jove Omnipotent, to whom the race 
 
 Maurusian, feasting on embroidered couches, 
 
 Leniran honors pours, see'st thou these thin: 
 
 W hen thou dost hurl on us thy flaming holts, 
 
142 The Aineid. 
 
 O Father, shall we feel no fear of thee ? 
 
 And are thy lightnings blind, that in the clouds 
 
 Affright us, and their thunder empty noise ? 17s 
 
 A wandering woman, who in our domains 
 
 Has built a paltry city for a price, 
 
 To whom we gave a piece of land to till 
 
 And rule with laws, now spurns our suit, and takes 
 
 /Eneas to her kingdom for her lord. 280 
 
 And now this Paris, with effeminate crew, 
 
 Tying his Lydian cap beneath his chin, 
 
 His hair all moist with perfume, can possess 
 
 The prize he snatches, while to thy temples we 
 
 Forsooth bring gifts, and nurse an empty fame." **$ 
 
 So praying, holding fast the altar's horns, 
 
 The omnipotent father heard, and turned his eyes 
 
 Toward the royal city, and the pair, 
 
 Forgetting in their love their better fame. 
 
 To Mercury then he spoke and gave commands : 29° 
 
 " Go hasten now, my son, and call to thee 
 
 The Zephyrs, and upon their pinions glide; 
 
 And to the Trojan leader speak, who now 
 
 Lingers in Tyrian Carthage, nor regards 
 
 The future cities given him by the fates ; *95 
 
Booh ir. 14^ 
 
 Ami swiftly hear this message through the skies; 
 
 Not such an one his fairest mother gave 
 
 To us in promise, and so shielded twice 
 
 From Grecian swords : but that he should he one 
 
 To rule Italia, freighted with the weight 3 » 
 
 0( empire, fierce in war, and prove his race 
 
 To be ot Teucer's lofty lineage, 
 
 And make the whole world subject to his laws. 
 
 If oi~ such deeds no glory kindles him, 
 
 And for his own renown he meditates 335 
 
 No great emprise, yet does the father grudge 
 
 Ascanius the Roman citadels ? 
 
 What plan does he pursue ? Or with what hope 
 
 Does he delay among a hostile race, 
 
 Nor think of his Ausonian progeny, 310 
 
 And the Lavinian fields? No, let him sail ! 
 
 Such our decree. Our messenger be thou ! " 
 
 The mighty father's great command the god 
 
 Prepares to obey. And first upon his feet 
 
 He binds his golden sandals, with their wings -,■; 
 
 That bear him high aloft o'er sea and land, 
 
 Rapidly as the blast. His wand he takes; 
 
 ^ ith this he calls the pale ghosts from the shades* 
 
144 The Aineid. 
 
 And others sends to gloomy Tartarus ; 
 
 Gives sleep, and takes, and opens once again 3*0 
 
 The eyes of the dead. With this he drives the winds, 
 
 And swims across the murky clouds. And now, 
 
 Flying, he sees the summit and steep sides 
 
 Of rugged Atlas, bearing up the sky; — 
 
 Atlas, whose piny head is bound about 325 
 
 Forever with black clouds, — by winds and rains 
 
 Beaten, — his shoulders veiled in drifted snow; 
 
 And down his aged chin dash waterfalls, 
 
 And all his bristly beard is stiff with ice. 
 
 Here first Cyllenius lit with balanced wings ; 33° 
 
 And hence he plunges headlong toward the waves, 
 
 Like to a bird which round about the shores 
 
 And fishy rocks flies low, close to the sea ; 
 
 So between earth and sky he flew, and skimmed 
 
 The sandy beach and cut the Lybian winds.* 335 
 
 When with his winged feet, among the huts 
 
 Of the new city he alights, he sees 
 
 JEneas founding towers and houses new, — 
 
 His sword-hilt starred with yellow jasper stones ; 
 
 * I have intentionally omitted the line " Materno veniens ab avo Cyllcnia 
 proles," for three reason: I, It is superfluous; 2. It is awkward and out of 
 place ; 3. It belongs to a passage whose authenticity is suspected. — Tr. 
 
Book jr. i. j 5 
 
 Ami from his shoulders hung a Tynan cloak 
 
 Of brilliant hues, the sumptuous Dido's gift, 
 
 And wrought by her with slender threads of gold. 
 
 Forthwith he addresses him : " Is this a time 
 
 To lay the stones of Carthage, and build up, 
 
 Obedient to thy dame, the lofty walls 345 
 
 Of her fair city? Alas, forgetting all 
 
 Thy own affairs and kingdom ! From the clear 
 
 Olympian heights, the Ruler of the gods, 
 
 By whose great will the heavens and earth revolve, 
 
 Hath sent me down to thee, and this command 350 
 
 I bring. What plan art thou pursuing here ? 
 
 Or with what hope dost thou consume thy time 
 
 In Lybian lands? If glory of great deeds 
 
 Kindles thee not, if for thine own renown 
 
 Thou meditat'st no great emprise, at least 355 
 
 Regard Ascanius' hopes, — thy rising heir, 
 
 To whom are due the realms of Italy 
 
 And Rome." Thus having said, Cyllenius left, 
 
 n as he spoke, the sphere of mortal sight, 
 And in the thin air vanished far away. 3 6a 
 
 Dumb and bewildered at the vision then 
 as stood, with hair erect with tear, 
 19 
 
1 46 The Alneid. 
 
 And gasping voice. He burned to fly and leave 
 
 These pleasant regions, stunned by such command 
 
 And warning of the gods. And yet, alas ! 365 
 
 What shall he do ? With what speech shall he now 
 
 Dare to appease the raging queen ? How first 
 
 Begin to speak ? And now his rapid thoughts 
 
 Fly this way and now that, in various ways 
 
 Impelled, but wide of all decision still ; 370 
 
 Till to his dubious mind one course seems best. 
 
 Mnestheus and Sergestus then he calls, > 
 
 And strong Serestus, bidding them equip 
 
 With silent speed the fleet ; and to the shore 
 
 Urge their companions, and prepare their arms, 375 
 
 Dissembling the design of this new change. 
 
 Meanwhile, since generous Dido, ignorant 
 
 Of all, dreams not of broken ties of love, 
 
 He will attempt means of approach, and find 
 
 The hour most soft, the time most fit, for speech. 3 80 
 
 Then all prepare to obey with joyful speed, 
 
 And execute his orders. 
 
 But the queen 
 (Who can deceive a lover ?) soon foreknew 
 His wiles, and saw at once his future plans, 
 Fearing e'en what was safe. Her excited ears 3 8 s 
 
Book ir. i 17 
 
 Heard that same wicked Rumor bring report 
 
 Of the fleet arming, and the voyage planned. 
 
 Distracted, through the city then she raves, 
 
 As when a Bacchante by the opening rites 
 
 U roused, that celebrate the festival, 390 
 
 When the triennial orgies fire her soul, 
 
 And all around the name of Bacchus rings, 
 
 Echoed from Mount Citha?ron through the night. 
 
 At length /Eneas she encounters thus : — 
 
 " And didst thou hope, perfidious one, to hide, 39s 
 
 Di-^embling, thy base deed, and steal away 
 
 Secretly from my land ? Cannot my love 
 
 For thee, cannot this hand once given as thine, 
 
 Nor Dido ready here to die for thee 
 
 A cruel death, detain thee ? Ay, in haste 400 
 
 To equip thy fleet beneath a wintry star, 
 
 And sail the deep by bitter north-winds driven ? 
 
 Cruel ! Why even if ancient Troy still stood, 
 
 And thou wert thither bound, — not to strange lands 
 
 And unknown homes, — thou wouldst not trust thy ships 
 
 On such a stormy sea! Fly'st thou from me? 406 
 
 Ah, by these tears, and by this hand of thine 
 
 (Since to me, wretched, nothing else is left), 
 
1 48 The sEneid. 
 
 By our marriage tie, our nuptial rites begun, 
 
 If any favor I deserved of thee, 410 
 
 Or if in anything I have been sweet 
 
 And dear to thee, pity this falling house! 
 
 I do beseech thee, if there yet be room 
 
 For entreaty, change, ah, change that fixed intent I 
 
 For thee I braved the Lybian people's hate ; 415 
 
 For thee, the tyrants of Numidia spurned ; 
 
 The Tyrians I have angered. For thy sake 
 
 My honor has been lost, and that fair name 
 
 I held in earlier days, by which alone 
 
 I was ascending to the very stars. 410 
 
 To whom dost thou relinquish me, who soon 
 
 Must perish, — O my guest? — since this sole name 
 
 Remains instead of husband. Why do I wait ? 
 
 To see Pygmalion my brother lay 
 
 My walls in dust, or the Gaetulian chief 4*5 
 
 Iarbas lead me captive ? If at least, 
 
 Before thou leavest me, I might have had 
 
 Some offspring of our love, some little /Eneas 
 
 Playing about my halls, who would recall 
 
 Only thy features, then I would not seem 43° 
 
 So utterly deserted and deceived." 
 
 
Book ir. ] , | 
 
 She paused. But he by Jove's monitions held 
 Immovable his eves, and, struggling hard, 
 Suppressed the anguish rising in his heart. 
 
 At length he briefly spoke: "Never will I 4-,; 
 
 Deny, my queen, that thou hast heaped on me 
 Abundant favors, which thou canst recount 
 In speaking. Never while my memory lasts, 
 And while the breath of life directs these limbs, 
 Shall I forget my Elissa. Let me now 44° 
 
 Speak briefly of this matter. Think not I 
 Expected this departure to conceal 
 By secret plans. Nor did I e'er pretend 
 A marriage bond, or compact such as this. 
 Had fate permitted I should lead my life 445 
 
 Under my own direction, and put off 
 My burdens at my will, I should have first 
 II. id care for Trov, and for the dear remains 
 Of my own people. Priam's lofty roofs 
 W ould have remained, and Pergamus again, 
 Rebuilt by me, take back our conquered race. 
 Hut now (Jrvn;ran Apollo points the way 
 I 1 halv. To Italv commands 
 The word of the Lycsean oracle. 
 This is my love, my country this. If thee, 
 
150 The Aineid. 
 
 Phoenician born, the Lybian lands detain, 
 
 Why envy that we Trojans seek to fix 
 
 Upon Ausonian ground? It is but just 
 
 We look for foreign kingdoms. Many a time . 
 
 When night lies on the earth with shadows moist, 460 
 
 And fiery stars are rising in the east, 
 
 My sire Anchises' troubled ghost affrights 
 
 My dreams, and warns me. And then too my boy 
 
 Ascanius, and the injury I 've done 
 
 To this dear head, — defrauding him of that 465 
 
 Hesperian kingdom and those destined lands. 
 
 Now too the messenger of the gods, sent down 
 
 By Jove himself (I swear it by thy life 
 
 And mine), has brought his mandate through the air. 
 
 I myself saw the god in open light 47° 
 
 Enter the walls, and with these ears I heard 
 
 His voice. Cease then with thy complaints to inflame 
 
 Me and thyself. Not of my own accord 
 
 Do I seek Italia." 
 
 While he spoke these words, 
 For a long time she looked at him askance, 4-5 
 
 With eyes that darted here and there, and scanned 
 His form with silent gaze; then, flaming, spoke: — 
 " No goddess ever bore thee, traitor ; no, 
 
Book ir. 
 
 i S i 
 
 Nor Dardanus was founder of thy race! 
 
 Rough Caucasus on flinty rocks gave birth tfo 
 
 To thee ; — Hyrcanian tigers gave thee suck ! 
 
 For why should I dissemble? Or what wrongs 
 
 Greater can I await ? — Did he once sigh 
 
 When I was weeping? — Once bend eyes on me? 
 
 Give way to tears, or pity show for her 485 
 
 Who loved him ? What first shall I say, what last? 
 
 Now, yea, even now, the mighty Juno turns 
 
 Away, nor does Saturnian Jove regard 
 
 These things with equal and impartial eyes. 
 
 Faith lives no more. Cast on my shores, in need, 49° 
 
 I took him in, and, fool, gave him a part 
 
 Of my own kingdom, and his scattered fleet 
 
 Restored, and brought his comrades back from death. 
 
 Ah, I am whirled by maddening furies! Now 
 
 Prophet Apollo, now the Lycian fates, 495 
 
 And now, sent from above by Jove himself, 
 
 The messenger divine bears through the skies 
 
 His terrible commands. A labor this, 
 
 Forsooth, for those supernal ones ! Such care 
 
 Ruffles their calm repose! I keep thee not 
 
 From going, nor shall I refute thy words. 
 
 Go ! find your Italy, and with the winds 
 
i ;2 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Seek for thy kingdoms. Verily I do hope, 
 
 If the just gods have any power, that thou 
 
 Wilt drain e'en to the dregs thy punishment 505 
 
 Amid the rocks of ocean, calling oft 
 
 Upon the name of Dido ! Though far off, 
 
 With gloomy fires I shall pursue thy steps. 
 
 And when cold death shall separate my limbs 
 
 From breath of life, my ghost shall follow thee 510 
 
 Where'er thou goest. Wretch ! thou shalt render full 
 
 Atonement, and the fame of it shall come 
 
 To me, amid the lowest shades of death ! " 
 
 So saying, abruptly she breaks off her speech, 
 
 And sick at heart, flies from the light, and shuns 515 
 
 His eyes, and leaves him hesitating much 
 
 In fear, with many things he wished to say. 
 
 Her maids receive and bear her fainting form 
 
 Back to her marble chamber and her bed. 
 
 But good /Eneas, though he much desires 5" 
 
 To calm and to console her in her grief 
 With soothing words, groans bitterly, his heart 
 Shaken by love for her ; — but none the less 
 Prepares to execute the god's command, 
 
 
Book II 
 
 
 And to his fleet returns. The Trojans now 
 
 Bend to their work, and all along the .shore 
 
 Draw their tall vessels down, till the tarred keels 
 
 Are floating. Then they bring their leafy oars, 
 
 And unwrought timber fresh cut from the wood$ 
 
 Ea^er for flight. You might have seen them move, 530 
 
 Hastening from every quarter; as the ants, 
 
 When, mindful of the winter, a great heap 
 
 Of corn they plunder, piling it away. 
 
 Across the fields the long black phalanx moves, 
 
 And through a narrow pathway in the grass 535 
 
 They bear their spoils : some of them pushing hard, 
 
 Thrust on the ponderous grain ; and some drive on 
 
 The stragglers, and the loiterers chastise : 
 
 DO * 
 
 And all the pathway glows with fervent toil. 
 
 What were thy thoughts, O Dido, seeing this? 543 
 
 What groans were thine, when from a tower's high top, 
 Thou sawest the shores alive with bustling crowds, 
 And the whole sea confused with clamorous cri 
 
 ursed power of love, what mortal hearts 
 Dost thou not force to obey thee! Once again 545 
 
 In tears the queen must go, and once again 
 Try him with prayers, and, suppliant, submit 
 20 
 
i ka The sEneid. 
 
 Her anger to her love, lest dying in vain, 
 She should leave aught untried. 
 
 "Anna," she said, 
 " Seest thou how they are hastening on the shore, 55° 
 
 Crowding from all sides ! Now their canvas wooes 
 The breeze ; the joyful sailors hang the sterns 
 With garlands. Since I could foresee this grief, 
 
 sister, I can bear it. Yet for me 
 
 This one thing do : for this perfidious man 555 
 
 Was in thy confidence, his inmost thoughts 
 
 Disclosed to thee ; and thou alone dost know 
 
 The soft approaches, and the seasons best 
 
 For touching him. Go, sister, speak to him, 
 
 This haughty enemy, with suppliant words. s 6 ° 
 
 1 took no oath at Aulis with the Greeks, 
 To ruin the Trojans ; sent no fleet to Troy ; 
 Nor did I desecrate Anchises' tomb, 
 
 Or vex his ghost. Why does he turn deaf ears 
 
 To all my words ? Whither now does he go ? s 6 s 
 
 To his unhappy lover let him grant 
 
 Only this one last favor, — that he wait 
 
 Till flight be easy, and the winds propitious. 
 
 Not for the former marriage bond, which he 
 
 Forswore, do I entreat him now, — nor yet 570 
 
Book iv. 155 
 
 That he forego fair Latium and his realm. 
 
 I only ask a little empty time 
 
 Of respite and of space, that I may calm 
 
 This wild delirium, and may teach my heart, 
 
 Conquered and crushed, the lesson how to grieve. 5-5 
 
 For this last boon I beg, which, granted me, 
 
 I will pay back, requited by my death." 
 
 So she entreats. Her message fraught with tears, 
 
 Again and yet again her sister takes. 
 
 No weeping moves him, nor can he be turned s*° 
 
 Aside by any prayers. The fates oppose ; 
 
 And by the gods the man's compliant ears 
 
 Are shut. As when the Alpine winds contend 
 
 Against an oak, strong with the strength of years, 
 
 They strive to uproot it, now this side, now that, 585 
 
 With furious blasts ; with roaring noise on high, 
 
 The scattered leaves from off the boughs are stripped ; 
 
 But to the rocks it clings, and to the skies 
 
 Reaches its top, as with its roots it tends 
 
 Toward Tartarus : so by their ceaseless prayers 
 
 The hero is assailed on every side. 
 
 Pain wrings his mighty breast; his mind remains 
 
 In moved, and all in vain their tears are shed. 
 
156 The Aineid. 
 
 Then, terrified by her fates, the unhappy que 
 
 Prays for death, weary of the o'erarching skies. 595 
 
 Then, as she seeks how best she may pursue 
 
 That purpose, and may quit this light of life, — 
 
 When on the incense-burning altars laid 
 
 Her offerings she would give, she sees a sight 
 
 Of horror : for the sacred liquors change 6co 
 
 To black, and the outpoured wine is turned to blood 
 
 Impure. This by no other eye was seen, 
 
 Nor told e'en to her sister. Then, besides, 
 
 There was a marble chapel in her house, 
 
 In memory of her former spouse : by her 605 
 
 Cherished with reverence great, and hung around 
 
 With snow-white fleeces and with festal wreaths. 
 
 Here were distinctly heard the voice, the words 
 
 Of her dead husband, in the shadowy night. 
 
 And from the roof the lonely owl prolonged 610 
 
 The sad complainings of her funeral notes. / 
 
 Many things also prophesied of old 
 
 By pious seers, with dreadful warnings fright 
 
 Her soul. The cruel /Eneas himself pursues 
 
 Her footsteps in the ravings of her dreams. 615 
 
 And ever unattended and alone 
 
 She seems, travelling along some lengthening road, 
 
Book lr. 157 
 
 Seeking her Tyrians in a desert land. 
 
 As the crazed Pentheus sees the Eumenides, 
 
 And two twin solar orbs display thcmsclve8, 610 
 
 And double images of Thebes; or as when 
 
 Orestes, son of Agamemnon, runs 
 
 Excited on the stage, and maddened, flies 
 
 His mother armed with torches and with snakes; 
 
 And at the door the avenging Scourges sit. 625 
 
 So, when she took the Furies to her breast, 
 
 O'ermastered by her grief, resolved on death, 
 
 The time and mode within her mind she weighs; 
 
 And thus her sorrowing sister she addressed, 
 
 Veiling her purpose with her countenance, 630 
 
 Smoothing her brow with semblance of a hope : — 
 
 M I have found a way, my sister, (give me joy,) 
 
 Which will restore him to me, or dissolve 
 
 My love for him. There is a place hard by 
 
 The ocean's boundary and the setting sun, 635 
 
 The farthest spot of Ethiopia 't is; 
 
 Where mighty Atlas on his shoulder turns 
 
 The axis of the sky with burning stars 
 
 Adorned. A priestess of Massylian race 
 
 Coming from thence is known to me, who kept 
 
158 The sEneid. 
 
 The temple of the Hesperides, and gave 
 
 The dragon's meals, and guarded on the tree 
 
 The sacred branches, sprinkling them with dew 
 
 Of honey moist, and soporiferous juice 
 
 Of poppies. She with incantations weird 6 45 
 
 Can free what minds she wills, and cruel cares 
 
 On others send ; can stop the rivers' flow, 
 
 And backward turn the stars, and call pale ghosts 
 
 By night ; and ye shall hear the earth beneath 
 
 Your feet mutter and moan, and see the trees 650 
 
 Descend the mountain-sides. I call the gods 
 
 To witness, and thee too, my sister dear, 
 
 And thy beloved life, not willingly 
 
 Do I employ these arts of sorcery. 
 
 Do thou erect beneath the open sky, 6 55 
 
 In the interior court, with secret care, 
 
 A lofty pile, and on it place the arms 
 
 The traitor in my chamber hung, and all 
 
 The garments he hath left, and the bridal bed 
 
 That was my doom. The priestess gives commands 66o 
 
 That all memorials of this treacherous man 
 
 Shall be destroyed." This said, she paused. Her face 
 
 Was deadly pale. Nor yet does Anna dream 
 
 Her sister hid the obsequies of death 
 
 
 
Book ir. 159 
 
 Beneath these novel rites ; nor understands 66$ 
 
 The frenzy of her soul ; nor apprehends 
 A deeper woe than when Svehaus died. 
 Therefore her bidding she prepares to do. 
 
 But in the inner court, beneath the sky, 
 
 A lofty pile being built, of tarry pine 
 
 And ilex split, the queen hangs garlands round, 
 
 And crowns the pyre with funeral leaves, and lavs 
 
 Thereon the robes and sword ; and on the couch 
 
 His erhgy, — well knowing what should come. 
 
 Around the altars stand. Then, with her hair 
 
 Unbound, the priestess thrice a hundred gods 
 
 Invokes, and Erebus, and Chaos old, 
 
 And triple Hecate, — Dian's threefold face ; 1 
 
 Then sprinkles the feigned waters of the fount 
 
 Avernian ; and they search for full-grown plants 6S0 
 
 With brazen sickles in the moonlight cut, 
 
 Swollen with the milk of poison black. Also 
 
 The mother's-love is sought and snatched away, 
 
 Torn from the forehead of a new-born colt. 
 
 Then she herself, before the altars bent, 
 
 Holding with reverent hands the sacred meal, — 
 
 One foot bare of its sandal, and her robe 
 
1 60 The Aineid. 
 
 Unbound, — ere dying, calls upon the gods, 
 
 And the stars shining conscious of her fate. 
 
 Then — if there be a deity both just 690 
 
 And provident, who cares for those who love 
 
 Unequally — to him she lifts her prayer. 
 
 'T was night ; when every weary frame was sunk 
 
 In placid sleep; when woods and seas were still; 
 
 When in their middle courses rolled the stars ; 695 
 
 When every field was hushed, and all the flocks, 
 
 And all the gay-winged birds, whether they fly 
 
 Abroad o'er liquid lakes, or haunt the fields 
 
 With bushes rough, in night and sleep reposed. 
 
 Cares were smoothed down, and hearts forgot their woes. 
 
 But not the unhappy queen. She finds no rest; 701 
 
 Nor with her eyes or heart receives the night. 
 
 With double weight her cares increase. Love wakes 
 
 Again, and rages, on the swelling tide 
 
 Of anger fluctuating; and her thoughts 7°5 
 
 Thus roll within : " Behold, what shall I do! 
 
 Try once again my former suitors, scorned 
 
 Of them ? Or, suppliant, seek a marriage bond 
 
 With the Numidian, whom so oft I spurned? 
 
 Or shall I follow the Dardanian fleet, 1^ 
 
 
Book ir. 1 1 » i 
 
 Subjected to the Trojans' strict commands, — 
 
 Because it pleases them to have been relieved 
 
 By me, and gratitude must last with those 
 
 Remembering former tavors ? And yet who, 
 
 Though I might so desire, on their proud ships 71 5 
 
 Would take me, whom they hate? Ah, know'st thou not, 
 
 Lost one, the treachery of Laomedon's 
 
 False race? What then! Shall I accompany, 
 
 Alone, this crew, triumphant in their flight ? 
 
 Or with my Tyrians be borne along, 710 
 
 Surrounded by my subjects, and compel 
 
 Those whom from Tyre I scarce could tear away, 
 
 To hoist their sails and try the sea again ? 
 
 Die rather, as thou well deserv'st, — and end 
 
 Thy anguish with the sword ! Thou, sister, thou, 7*5 
 
 Moved by my tears, thou wast the first to bring 
 
 These woes on me, and throw me to the foe. 
 
 Ah, had I been allowed to pass a life 
 
 Blameless, unfettered by the marriage tie, 
 
 Like the wild beasts, avoiding cares like these ! 
 
 Or that the promise had been kept I made 
 
 To the ashes of Sychseus ! " Such the plaint 
 
 That burst from Dido's heart. 
 
 iEneas now, 
 
1 62 The JEneid. 
 
 Resolved on his departure, in his ship, 
 
 All preparation made, lay wrapped in sleep. 735 
 
 When in his dreams the god's returning form, 
 
 With the same features, seemed again to warn him, — 
 
 In every aspect like to Mercury, 
 
 In voice, in color, and the golden hair, 
 
 And in the youthful beauty of his limbs. 740 
 
 " O goddess-born, canst thou here waste thy hours 
 
 In sleep, at such a crisis, — foolish man! 
 
 Nor see the perils that environ thee ? 
 
 Dost thou not hear the favoring Zephyrs blow ? 
 
 She in her breast is plotting wiles and crime, 745 
 
 Resolved on death, and on the varying tide 
 
 Of passions fluctuates ; and wilt thou not, 
 
 While there is time, precipitate thy flight ? 
 
 Soon shalt thou see the waves disturbed with ships, 
 
 And the fierce torches blaze, and all the shore -53 
 
 Grow hot with flames, if morning sees thee still 
 
 A loiterer on these lands. Away ! Pause not ! 
 
 A woman is a fickle, changeful thing ! " 
 
 He said, and mingled with the shades of night. 
 
 Then, frightened by the sudden gloom that fell, 
 ./Eneas leaps from sleep, and stirs his crew : — 
 
B ok ir. 1 1 ! 
 
 i 
 
 " Wake, my men, and quickly] Take your oars! 
 Unfurl your sails! A god was sent to me 
 From the high heaven to hasten our flight, 
 
 .1 cut our t wisted ropes. Behold, again 760 
 
 lie urges us! We follow thee, O thou 
 Divine and holy one, whoe'er thou art, 
 And thy commands rejoicing will obey. 
 Be with us, kindly aid, and with thee bring 
 Propitious stars ! " So saying, from its sheath 
 He draws his flaming sword, and cuts the lines. 
 The same zeal hres them all, while round they fly 
 With busy hands and feet. The shores are left. 
 Beneath their keels the sea is hid. Their oars 
 Turn the white foam, as o'er the waves they sweep. 
 
 And now Aurora, from the saffron couch 
 
 Of Tithon rising, shed her early rays 
 
 Upon the earth. At the first dawn of day 
 
 The queen looks from her palace towers, and sees 
 
 The fleet, with sails all spread, move on its way ; 77s 
 
 And not a hark upon the empty shore, 
 
 Or in the port. Thrice and four times she heats 
 
 Her lovely breast, and tears her golden hair. 
 
 " O Jupiter!" she cries, "and shall lie go, 
 
164 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 790 
 
 This stranger, — shall he mock our queenly power? 7S0 
 
 Will not some one bring arms, and give him chase? 
 
 And others tear my vessels from their docks ? 
 
 Quick, bring your torches, hoist your sails, ply oars ! — 
 
 What am I saying? Where am I ? What mad 
 
 Delirium is this ? Ah, wretched Dido, now 785 
 
 His-base deeds touch thee! Thus they should have done, 
 
 When thou didst yield thy sceptre to his hands. 
 
 Behold the right hand and the faith of him 
 
 Who takes with him, they say, his household gods; 
 
 Who on his shoulders bore his aged sire ! 
 
 And could I not have torn him limb from limb, 
 
 And thrown him to the waves? And could I not 
 
 Have killed his comrades, and Ascanius 
 
 Himself, and on the tables of his sire 
 
 Served for a banquet ? Doubtful, say, the chance 
 
 Of war had been ; — grant that it had been so! 
 
 Whom should I fear, who am about to die ? 
 
 I might have fired their camps, or filled their ships 
 
 With flames, destroying sire and son, with all 
 
 Their race; — then sacrificed myself with them. 
 
 Thou Sun, who shin'st on all the works of earth ! 
 
 And thou, O Juno, the interpreter 
 
 And witness of these woes! Thou, Hecate, howled 
 
 795 
 
 80c 
 
 
 
Book ir. 165 
 
 At night through cities where three cross-ways meet! 
 
 And you, ye avenging Furies, and ye gods 80s 
 
 Of dying Elissa, hear me! Toward my wrongs 
 
 Turn your deserved aid, and hear our prayers \J 
 
 If it must be this wretch shall reach the port 
 
 And lands he seeks, and thus the fates of Jove 
 
 Demand that there his wanderings shall end, 810 
 
 Then, vexed by wars of an audacious people, 
 
 Exiled, and torn away from his son's embrace, 
 
 Let him implore for aid, and see his friends 
 
 Slain shamefully ; — nor, when he shall submit 
 
 To the conditions of unworthy peace, 815 
 
 May he enjoy his kingdom or his life, 
 
 But fall before his time, and in the sands 
 
 I nburied lie! These things I pray; — and this 
 
 My dying voice, I pour out with my blood! 
 
 And ye, O Tyrians, follow with your hate 820 
 
 His seed, and all his future race! Be this 
 
 \ our offering on my tomb! No love, no league 
 
 Between you ! O, may some avenger rise 
 
 From out my ashes, who with fire and sword 
 
 Shall chase these Dardan settlers, now, and in 
 
 The coming time, wherever strength is given ; 
 
 Shores with shores fighting, waves with waves, and arms 
 
1 66 The Alneid. 
 
 With arms, — they and their last posterity!" 
 
 So saying, on all sides her thoughts were turned, 
 How soonest from the hated light to break. 830 
 
 To Barce then she spoke, Sychasus' nurse 
 (Her own long since had died in ancient- Tyre) : — 
 " Dear nurse, my sister Anna bring to me. 
 Bid her make haste to sprinkle all her limbs 
 With running water, and to bring with her 835 
 
 The victims, and the offerings required. 
 Thou too around thy brows a fillet bind. 
 My purpose is to make a sacrifice, 
 Which duly I 've prepared, to Stygian Jove ; 
 And end my griefs by giving to the flames 840 
 
 This Trojan's image, on his funeral pile." 
 
 The aged nurse quickens her feeble steps. 
 
 But Dido, trembling, wild with brooding o'er 
 
 Her dread design, rolling her blood-shot eyes, 
 
 Her quivering cheeks suffused with spots, bursts through 
 
 The inner threshold of the house, and mounts s + 6 
 
 With frantic mien the lofty funeral pile, 
 
 Unsheathes the Trojan's sword, — a gift not sought 
 
 For use like this; — then, having gazed upon 
 
 The Ilian garments and the well-known bed, 850 
 
Book ir. 167 
 
 She paused a little, full ol tears ami thoughts, — 
 
 Threw herseli on the couch, and these hist words 
 Escaped: "Sweet relies, — dear to me when fate 
 And heaven were kind! Receive this life-blood now, 
 
 And tree me from these sorrows! I have lived, 8 S5 
 
 And have achieved the course that fortune gave. 
 
 And now of me the queenly shade shall pass 
 
 Beneath the earth. A city of high renown 
 
 I have founded, and have seen my walls ascend ; 
 
 Avenged my husband, — for my brother's crime 860 
 
 Requital seen ; — happy, too happy alas, 
 
 Had the Dardanian fleet ne'er touched my shores!" 
 
 With that she pressed her face upon the couch ; 
 
 " I shall die unavenged ; — yet, let me die ! 
 
 Thus, thus 't is joy to seek the shades below. S6 S 
 
 These flames the cruel Trojan on the sea 
 
 Shall drink in with his eyes, and bear away 
 
 Along with him the omens of my death ! " 
 
 W hile thus she spoke, the attendants saw her fall 
 Upon the steel, and the sword frothed with blood, 
 That spurted on her hands. Loud clamor rills 
 The lofty halls. The rumor of the deed 
 Raves through the shaken city. Every house 
 
1 68 The Aineid. 
 
 Resounds with grief, and groans, and women's shrieks ; 
 And all the air is filled with wailing tones ; 875 
 
 As though all Carthage or the ancient Tyre 
 Were toppling down before their invading foes, 
 And over roofs and temples of the gods 
 The flames were rolling. 
 
 Breathless, terrified, 
 With trembling steps, her sister hears, and through 880 
 The crowd she rushes ; with her nails she rends 
 Her face, and with her hands she beats her breast, 
 And calls upon the dying queen by name : — 
 "Was this thy meaning, sister? Hast thou thus 
 Deceived me ? Was it this, that funeral pile, 885 
 
 And this, those altar-fires prepared for me ? 
 Deserted now, what first shall I deplore ? 
 Didst spurn a sister near thee in thy death ? 
 Hadst thou but summoned me to share this fate, 
 One grief, one hour should here have stabbed us both ! s 9 o 
 Yea, with these hands I built this pile, and called 
 Upon our country's gods, that thou mightst lie 
 Thereon, — and I, ah cruel, not be there ! 
 Myself and thee, O sister, thou hast slain, 
 Thy people, and the Tyrian fathers all, s 95 
 
 And thy proud city. Give me — let me bathe 
 
 1 
 
Book iv. [69 
 
 I Icr wounds with water, and it any breath 
 Yet flickers, I will catch it with my lips!" 
 
 So saving, she ascended the high steps, 
 
 And clasped her dying sister in her arms, 900 
 
 And moaning, fondled her upon her breast, 
 
 And sought to stanch the black blood with her robe. 
 
 The queen her heavy eyelids tried to raise, 
 
 And backward fell. The wound beneath her breast 
 
 Gurgled with blood. Three times she raised herself, 9°s 
 
 Upon her elbow leaning; and three times 
 
 She sank upon the couch, — her wandering eyes 
 
 Turned to the blue sky, seeking for the light, — 
 
 And when she found it, groaned. 
 
 Great Juno, then, 
 Pitying her lingering agony and death, 9'° 
 
 Sent Iris from Olympus down, to free 
 The struggling soul, and loose its mortal tie. 
 For since by fate she perished not, nor death 
 Deserved, but was made wretched ere her time, 
 And by a sudden madness fired, not yet 9«s 
 
 Proserpina had shorn the golden lock 
 From off her head, nor to the Stygian gloom 
 Condemned her. Therefore Iri>, dewy soft, 
 22 
 
170 
 
 The Alneid. 
 
 Upon her saffron-colored pinions borne, 
 
 And flashing with a thousand varied hues 9*° 
 
 Caught from the opposing sun, flew down, and stood 
 
 Above her head, and said : "This lock I bear 
 
 Away, sacred to Dis ; such my command, — 
 
 And free thee from that body." Saying this, 
 
 She cuts the ringlet. And the vital heat v-i 
 
 Exhales, and in the winds life floats away. 
 
BOOK V. 
 
 /I " NEAS with his fleet was sailing on 
 ** ^ Meanwhile, in course direct, and with the wind 
 Cutting the darkened waves; and looking hack, 
 He saw the city glaring with the flames 
 Of the unhappy Dido. What had lit $ 
 
 This tire, they knew not; but the cruel pangs 
 From outraged love, and what a woman's rage 
 Could do, they know ; and through the Trojans' thoughts 
 - sad forebodings of the truth. 
 
 The ships 
 Sailed on. The land no longer now was seen ; ^ 
 
 But on all sides the ocean and the skv ; 
 When overhead there stood a dark gray cloud 
 With night and tempest fraught. The waves grew rough 
 
 id the gloom ; and from his lofty stern, 
 Even PalinuruSj helmsman of the ship, 
 
 laimed : " Why have such clouds begirt the ski< 
 O father Neptune, what hast thou in store:' 
 
172 The Alneid. 
 
 So saying, he bids them make all fast, and bend 
 
 Upon their sturdy oars ; and to the wind 
 
 He slants the sail. " Noble iEneas," he said, 20 
 
 "Though Jupiter himself should pledge his word, 
 
 I could not hope beneath a sky like this 
 
 To touch the Italian shores. The winds are changed, 
 
 And from the black west blowing, roar athwart 
 
 Our course. The air is thickened into mist ; *s 
 
 Nor can we strive against it, nor proceed. 
 
 Since Fortune conquers, let us follow her ; 
 
 And where she calls, thither bend we our way. 
 
 Not far the faithful and fraternal shores, 
 
 I judge, of Eryx, the Sicanian ports, 3° 
 
 If stars observed have not deceived my eyes." 
 
 Then good /Eneas : " Long since I have seen 
 
 The winds' demand, and that in vain thou striv'st. 
 
 Turn then thy course. What shores more sweet to me, 
 
 Or whither would I bring my weary ships 35 
 
 More gladly, than to the land where I shall greet 
 
 Trojan Acestes, and the earth that holds 
 
 Within its lap my sire Anchises' bones ? " 
 
 This said, they seek the harbor, and their sails 
 
 The favoring west-winds fill. Swiftly across 4° 
 
 The gulf the fleet is borne, until at length 
 
Book v. r 73 
 
 With joy they touch upon the well-known sands. 
 Hut from a mountain-top Acestes sees 
 
 With wonder from alar the friendly ships 
 
 Approach, and comes to meet them, bristling o'er 45 
 
 With javelins, and in Lybian bear-skin dressed. 
 
 A Trojan he, upon his mother's side; 
 
 Hi- sire the stream Crimisus. He had not 
 
 Forgetful been of ancient parentage; 
 
 And now he greets the voyagers returned, s° 
 
 And with his rustic riches entertains them 
 
 Gladly, and with his friendly aid consoles 
 
 Their weary frames. 
 
 Then when the brightening dawn 
 Had chased away the stars, i^neas called 
 His comrades all together from the shores, 55 
 
 And from a rising ground addressed them thus: — 
 
 " Brave Dardans, race of lineage divine, 
 A year with its revolving months has passed 
 Since in the earth my noble sire's remains 
 W e laid, and consecrated to his name 6-> 
 
 Our mournful altars. Now that day has come 
 Which I shall ever hold to be a day 
 Of -"rrow, yet o{ honored memory. 
 So the gods willed it. Were I exiled far 
 
1 74 The Aineid. 
 
 'Mid the Gaetulian sands, or Grecian sea, 6 S 
 
 Or in Mycenae, still would I perform 
 
 My annual vows, and celebrate this day 
 
 With solemn pomp, and heap the altars high 
 
 With gifts. Now, of our own accord, we are here, 
 
 Near to my father's ashes and his bones ; 7° 
 
 Not, I believe, without divine intent, 
 
 And presence of the gods, to friendly ports 
 
 Conducted. Come then, let us render all 
 
 A joyous celebration to his name, 
 
 Praying for prosperous winds, and that he may 75 
 
 Accept such offerings annually given, 
 
 When I have built my city, in temples reared 
 
 And dedicated to his name. Two beeves 
 
 Trojan Acestes gives to every ship. 
 
 Invite to our feasts our home-and-country's gods, *o 
 
 And those our host Acestes venerates. 
 
 Moreover, if the morning sun shall bring, 
 
 Nine days from this, a fair and radiant day, 
 
 First, for the Trojan fleet I will appoint 
 
 A naval race; and see who best prevails 85 
 
 In speed of foot, and who in manly strength, 
 
 Either to throw the spear, or wing the shaft, 
 
 Or with the raw-hide gauntlet try the fight. 
 
Book /'. 175 
 
 Let all be present, and expect the prize 
 Deserved. Keep a religious silence nil, 
 
 And bind your brows with wreaths." Tims having 
 He with his mother's myrtle crowns his brows; 
 Ami so did Helymus, old Acestes too, 
 \ n 1 young Ascanius, and the other youths. 
 Then from the assembly toward the tomb he went, 
 Surrounded by a mighty multitude 
 Attending him. Here, offered in due form, 
 He pours upon the ground two cups of wine, 
 Two of new milk, and two of sacred blood, 
 And scatters purple tiowers, while thus he speaks : — 1 
 
 "Hail, sacred parent, — hail, ye ashes snatched 
 From Trov in vain, — paternal soul and shade! 
 'T was not permitted me to see the shores, 
 The fated fields of Italy, with thee ; 
 Nor seek the Ausonian Tiber, wheresoe'er ■ 
 
 It be." Then from the bottom of the shrine 
 A serpent huge with seven voluminous coils 
 Peacefully glided round the tomb, and slipped 
 Between the altars ; azure blue its back, 
 And spotty splendor lit its scales with gold ; 
 As when the rainbow with a thousand tints 
 Gleams in the opposing sun. /Eneas stood 
 
176 The Alneid. 
 
 Astonished at the vision ; while the snake 
 Wound its long trail between the bowls and cups, 
 And sipped the food, and harmlessly retired 115 
 
 Into the bottom of the tomb. He then 
 
 More zealously renews the rites commenced. 
 
 j 
 
 Whether this be the Genius of the place, 
 
 Or some attendant spirit of his sire, 
 
 ./Eneas knows not. Two young sheep, two swine, i«> 
 
 And two black steers, he sacrifices then, 
 
 Pours out the sacred wine, and calls upon 
 
 The soul of great Anchises, and the shade 
 
 Released from Acheron. His companions too, 
 
 According to their means, their offerings bring i*s 
 
 With willing minds, the altars load with gifts, 
 
 And slay their steers ; others in order place 
 
 Caldrons of brass, and, stretched upon the turf, 
 
 Lay coals beneath the spits, and roast the flesh. 
 
 At length the expected time had come. The steeds 130 
 
 Of morning brought the ninth day clear and bright. 
 
 Acestes' fame and great renown had called 
 
 The neighboring people. Joyous groups filled all 
 
 The shores, coming to view the Trojan men, 
 
 And some expecting to contend. And first >35 
 
Book v. i ; 7 
 
 The gifts were placed within the middle ring: 
 
 The sacred tripods, and the crowns of green, 
 
 And palms, the victors' prize, and arms, and rohes 
 
 Of purple, gold and silver talents too. 
 
 And from a mound a trumpet rings, to tell 143 
 
 The games commenced. 
 
 And first, four well-matched ships 
 Chosen from all the fleet, with sturdy oars, 
 Enter the lists. The rapid Sea-wolf first 
 Comes, urged by Mnestheus, with his rowers strong; 
 Mnestheus, Italian soon in his renown ; 145 
 
 From whom the line of Memmius is derived. 
 The Inline Chimera with its statelv bulk 
 
 O J 
 
 Next comes, a floating city, Gyas' charge, 
 
 By Dardan youths impelled, with triple banks 
 
 Of oars ascending. Then Sergestus, he '5° 
 
 From whom the Sergian family is named, 
 
 Borne in the mighty Centaur. Last, the chief 
 
 Cloanthus, in the dark blue Scylla comes; 
 
 From him, O Rome's Cluentius, thy descent. 
 
 Far in the sea there is a rock that fronts 
 The foaming coast, at times by swelling waves 
 Submerged and buffeted, when winter winds 
 23 
 
178 The JEneid. 
 
 Obscure the stars. When skies are calm, it lifts 
 
 A level plain above the tranquil waves, 
 
 A pleasant haunt where sea-birds love to bask. 160 
 
 And here y^neas plants an ilex-tree, 
 
 A goal and signal green, to tell the crews 
 
 When to turn back upon their winding course. 
 
 Their places then are given to each by lot, 
 
 And the commanders, standing in the sterns, 165 
 
 Shine in proud robes of crimson and of gold. 
 
 The rest with leafy poplar wreathe their brows, 
 
 Their naked shoulders smeared with shining oil. 
 
 Upon their rowing-benches, side by side, 
 
 They sit, their arms extended to their oars; 170 
 
 Intent they wait the signal, and with hearts 
 
 Beating with mingled fear and love of praise. 
 
 Then, when the trumpet sounds, they bound away 
 Swift from their barriers, all ; the sailors' shouts 
 Resound ; the frothy waves are turned beneath 175 
 
 Their sinewy arms ; and keeping time, they cleave 
 The furrows of the yawning ocean deeps 
 Surging before their oars and trident-beaks. 
 Less swiftly start the chariots and their steeds 
 In the contesting race, across the field ; 180 
 
 Less eagerly the charioteers shake loose 
 
 
 
B H>k V. [79 
 
 The waving reins upon the coursers' necks, 
 And bending forward, hang upon the lash. 
 Then, with the shouts and plaudits oi the crowd, 
 
 And urging cries oi friends, the woods resound. 
 
 The shores, shut in, roll on the loud acclaim, 
 
 Re-echoed from the hills. First, before all, 
 
 Amid the crowd and noise, rlies Gyas past 
 
 Upon the waves. Cloanthus follows next, 
 
 With better oars, but lags from heavier weight. 1 
 
 Behind, at equal distance, in close strife 
 
 The Sea-wolf and the Centaur come; and now 
 
 The Sea-wolf gains, and now the Centaur huge 
 
 Passes her; now together both join fronts, 
 
 Ploughing long briny furrows with their keels. 19s 
 
 And now they neared the rock, and almost touched 
 
 The goal, when Gyas, foremost on the waves, 
 
 Calls to Mencetes, helmsman of his ship : — 
 
 " Why to the right so fir ? Here lies thy course ! 
 
 Keep close to shore, and let the oar-blades graze 
 
 The rocks upon the left. Let others keep 
 
 The open main." But, fearing the blind rocks, 
 
 Toward the sea Mencetes turns his prow. 
 
 "Why steer so wide? Make for the rocks again, 
 
i8o The Aineid. 
 
 Menaetes ! " Gyas shouted ; and behold, 205 
 
 He looks, and sees Cloanthus close behind 
 
 And gaining on him. He, between the ship 
 
 Of Gyas and the rocks, glides grazing by 
 
 Upon the left, and suddenly outstrips 
 
 Him who was first, and passes by the goal ; 210 
 
 And, turning, holds his safe course o'er the deep. 
 
 Then grief and rage burned in the warrior's breast, 
 
 Nor did his cheeks lack tears. Forgetting then 
 
 His pride, reckless of safety for his crew, 
 
 He hurled the slow Menaetes from the stern 215 
 
 Into the sea, and takes the helm himself, 
 
 Pilot and master both, and cheers his men, 
 
 While to the shore he turns. But heavily built 
 
 And old, with difficulty struggling up, 
 
 Menaetes, dripping wet, climbs up the rock, 2" 
 
 And on its dry top sits. The Trojans laughed 
 
 To see him fall, and laughed to see him swim, 
 
 And laugh again to see him spewing forth 
 
 The salt sea-brine. Now flames a joyful hope 
 
 In Mnestheus and Sergestus, the two last, 225 
 
 To pass the lagging Gyas. First to gain 
 
 The space between, Sergestus nears the rock, 
 
 Not with his ship's whole length, for close behind 
 
 
 
Book v. \ 
 
 ID I 
 
 The Sea-woli presses on him with her beak. 
 
 But pacing through his galley, M nest he us cheers 130 
 
 His comrades: ''Now, now bend upon your oars, 
 
 Ye friends of Hector, whom in Troy's last hours 
 
 I chose for my companions ! Now put forth 
 
 Your strength, your courage, on Gaetulian shoals 
 
 Once tried, and on the Ionian sea, and througli 
 
 The close-pursuing waves of Malea. 
 
 'T is not that Mnestheus hopes to gain the prize; — 
 
 Though, let those conquer, Neptune, whom thou will'st. 
 
 But shame if we are last ! Be this your thought, 
 
 And win at least by shunning a disgrace!" ho 
 
 o o 
 
 They plv their oars with utmost rivalry; — 
 The brazen galley trembles as they pull 
 With long-drawn strokes. Beneath them flies the sea ; 
 W ith panting breasts, parched mouths, and sweating limbs 
 They row. And now mere chance gives to the crew hs 
 The honor and success so hotly sought. 
 For while Sergestus, wild with furious haste, 
 I rges his vessel on the inner track 
 Toward the shore, a space too narrow far, 
 On the projecting crags he hapless struck. 
 Loud crash the struggling oars, and on a rock 
 r I he prow hangs fixed. Up rise the marine; , 
 
1 82 The Alneid. 
 
 And, shouting, strive to force the vessel back, 
 
 And ply their stakes with iron shod, and poles 
 
 With sharpened points, and from the flood collect =55 
 
 Their broken oars. But Mnestheus, full of joy, 
 
 And animated more by this success, 
 
 With rapid march of oars, and winds to aid, 
 
 Runs on the smooth waves and the open sea. 
 
 As when a dove, whose home and darling nest *6o 
 
 Are in some secret rock, from out her cave 
 
 Suddenly startled, toward the fields she flies 
 
 Affrighted, with loud flapping of her wings ; 
 
 Then, gliding through the quiet air, she skims 
 
 Along her liquid path, nor moves her wings; — 265 
 
 So Mnestheus, — so his ship the outer seas 
 
 Cuts in her flight, by her own impulse borne. 
 
 And first he leaves behind upon the rock 
 
 Sergestus, struggling in the shallow flats, 
 
 Calling for help in vain, and striving hard 270 
 
 To row with shattered oars. Then Gyas next, 
 
 In the Chiiruura huge, he overtakes 
 
 And passes, he his helmsman having lost. 
 
 Cloanthus now alone has nearly won, 
 
 Whom he pursues, straining with all his strength. 275 
 
 The clamor then redoubles ; with their shouts 
 
Book v. 183 
 
 All cheer him on. And thus they might have shared, 
 Perchance, with equal prows, the expected prize; 
 When to the sea CloanthllS stretched his hands 
 [n prayer, and called upon the deities : — 
 
 " Ye gods, whose empire is the watery main, 
 
 Whose waves I stem, to you I joyfully 
 
 Will place upon your altars, on the shore, 
 
 A snow-white bull, bound to fulfil my vow, 
 
 And throw the entrails in the sea, and pour 285 
 
 An offering of wine." He said ; and all 
 
 The band of Nereids and of Phorcus heard, 
 
 And virgin Panopea, from the depths 
 
 Of ocean ; and himself Portunus pushed 
 
 With his great hands the ship, which swifter flew 290 
 
 Than wind, or flying dart, and reached the land, 
 
 And hid itself within the ample port. 
 
 Then, all being summoned, as the custom was, 
 
 ./Eneas by a herald's voice proclaims 
 
 Cloanthus victor, and with laurel green 295 
 
 He wreathes his brows. And to the ships he gii 
 
 Three steers for each, by choice, and also wine-, 
 
 And a great silver talent. On the chiefs 
 
 Distinguished honors he confers; a cloak 
 
1 84 The Aineid. 
 
 He gives the victor, wrought with work of gold 300 
 
 And Melibaean purple running round 
 
 In double windings. Woven through the cloth 
 
 The tale of Ganymede, as when he chased, 
 
 Eager, with panting breath, the flying stag 
 
 With javelins, on the leafy Ida's top; — 3°s 
 
 Or by the thunder-bearing eagle snatched, 
 
 While the old guardians stretch their hands in vain 
 
 To heaven, 'mid furious barking of the dogs. 
 
 Then next, to him who held the second place 
 
 In honor, a coat of mail with polished rings 3 10 
 
 In golden tissue triple-wrought, he gives, — 
 
 Which from Demoleos he himself had won 
 
 In battle by the Simois, under Troy. 
 
 For ornament and for defence alike 
 
 He gives it. The two servants Sagaris 315 
 
 And Phegeus scarcely can sustain its weight 
 
 Upon their shoulders; and yet, clothed in this, 
 
 Demoleos once the scattered Trojans chased. 
 
 The third gifts were two caldrons made of brass, 
 
 And silver bowls embossed with chasings rich. 3 20 
 
 The honors now conferred, the rivals all, 
 
 Proud of their sumptuous gifts, were moving on, 
 
Bi k r. [85 
 
 With scarlet ribbons bound about their brows, 
 
 When, with his ship saved from the cruel rock 
 
 With difficulty and great skill, his oars 3^5 
 
 I 1, and disabled by one tier entire, 
 
 Sergestus slowly brought his vessel in, 
 
 Jeered and unhonored. As when on a road 
 
 A serpent by a wheel is crushed, or blow 
 
 Dealt by some traveller with a heavy stone, 330 
 
 And lett half dead and wounded, all in vain 
 
 Seeking escape, it writhes, its foremost part 
 
 W ith flaming eyes defiant, and its head 
 
 Raised, hissing; but the other portion, maimed 
 
 By its wound, retards it, twisting into knots, 33s 
 
 And doubling on itself; — so moved the ship 
 
 W ith slow and crippled oars, yet set its sails, 
 
 And so steered into port. But none the less 
 
 /Eneas to Sergestus gives a gift 
 
 As promised, glad to know his ship is saved, 340 
 
 And crew brought back. To him a female slave 
 
 Oi Cretan race, called Pholoe, he gives, 
 
 Expert to weave, with twins upon her breast. 
 
 The contest ended, to a grassy field 
 
 i£neas then repairs, by winding hills 345 
 
 24 
 
1 86 The Aliieid. 
 
 With woods enclosed : in the middle of a vale 
 
 Shaped like a theatre, a race-course ran ; 
 
 To which the chief with many thousands went, 
 
 And sat amid them on a lofty seat. 
 
 Here, all who would contend in speed of foot 350 
 
 He invites, with offered prizes and rewards. 
 
 From all sides Trojans and Sicanians mixed 
 
 Assemble ; Nisus and Euryalus 
 
 First among these, — Euryalus, for youth 
 
 And beauty eminent ; Nisus, for love of him. 35s 
 
 Royal Diores next, of Priam's race ; 
 
 And Salius, and Patron, one of whom 
 
 Was Acarnanian, and the other born 
 
 In Arcady, and of Tegaean blood. 
 
 Then Helymus and Panopes, two youths 3 60 
 
 Trinacrian by birth, to sylvan sports 
 
 Well trained, attendants of Acestes old ; 
 
 With many more hid by obscurer fame. 
 
 To whom iEneas, in the midst, thus spoke : 
 
 " Hear now my words, and yield me willing minds; 3 6 5 
 
 None hence shall go without a gift from me. 
 
 Two Cretan darts of polished steel I give, 
 
 Also a battle-axe in silver chased. 
 
 For all alike these presents. The first three 
 
Book r. 187 
 
 Who win, due prizes shall receive, and wreaths 
 Of olive deck their brows. A steed adorned 
 With trappings shall be given to the first ; 
 
 An Amazonian quiver to the next, 
 
 With Thracian arrows rilled, and broad gold belt 
 
 Fastened with jewelled clasp; and to the third 3-5 
 
 This Grecian helmet." 
 
 Having said these words, 
 They take their places, and, the signal given, 
 Dash from the starting-point upon their course, 
 As when a storm-cloud pours. Their eyes are fixed 
 Upon the goal. First, before all the rest, j*o 
 
 Flies Nisus, darting swifter than the wind, 
 Or winged thunderbolt. Then Salius next 
 Follows, but far behind ; Euryalus 
 The third in speed. Him follows Helymus. 
 Now close behind, behold, Diores flies, 3*5 
 
 Toe touching heel, and hangs upon his rear ; 
 And had more space remained, he would have passed, 
 Or left the contest doubtful. Almost now 
 The last stage was completed, and they neared 
 With weary feet the goal, when Xisus slides 
 Unhappily amid some slippery blood 
 01 heifers slain, that, poured upon the ground, 
 

 i S 8 The jEneid. 
 
 Had wet the grass. Pressing exultant on, 
 
 The youth his foothold lost, and prone he falls 
 
 Amid the sacred blood and filth impure. 395 
 
 Yet not forgetful of Euryalus, 
 
 And of their loves, he in the slippery place 
 
 Rising, obstructs the way of Salius, 
 
 Who, falling o'er him, sprawls upon the ground. 
 
 On flies Euryalus, and, through his friend, 400 
 
 Holds the first place, as 'mid the applauding shouts 
 
 He runs. Then Helymus comes in, and next 
 
 Diores, for the third. Here Salius fills 
 
 All the wide hollow of the assembled crowd, 
 
 And front seats of the fathers, with his cries, 4°s 
 
 Demanding that the prize should be restored, 
 
 Snatched from him by a trick. But favor smiles 
 
 For Euryalus, and his becoming tears ; 
 
 And worth seems worthier in a lovely form.) 
 
 Diores seconds him, and with loud voice 413 
 
 Declares that he in vain had striven to win 
 
 The last prize, if to Salius falls the first. 
 
 Then spoke iEneas : " Youths, your prizes all 
 
 Remain to you assured. No one may change 
 
 The order of the palm. But let me still 415 
 
 Pity a friend whose ill-luck merits not 
 
Book /. 1S9 
 
 Misfortune.' 1 Saying this, to Salius then 
 
 lie gives a huge Gaetulian lion's skin 
 
 Heavy with rough hair, and with gilded claws. 
 
 Here NlSUS spoke: "If such the prizes given 420 
 
 TO those who lose, ami Bills win pity thus, 
 
 What boon worthy of Nisus wilt thou give? 
 
 I who deserved the first crown, had not chance 
 
 To me, as well as Salius, proved unkind." 
 
 And as he spoke, he showed his face and limbs 
 
 Smeared with the mud and filth. The good sire smiled, 
 
 And bade a shield be brought, the skilful work 
 
 Of Didvmaon, taken by the Greeks 
 
 From Neptune's sacred door; this signal gift 
 
 ./Eneas to the worthy youth presents. 430 
 
 The race being ended, and the prizes given : — 
 
 u Now whosoe'er has courage and a mind 
 
 ( 1 and collected, let him show himself, 
 
 And raise his arms, his hands with gauntlets bound." 
 
 So spoke the chief; and for the combat then us 
 
 Proposed a double prize; a bullock decked 
 
 ^ ith gold and ribbons, for the one who wins; 
 
 And, to console the vanquished one, a sword 
 
 And splendid helmet. Then without delay, 
 
190 The Aiiieid. 
 
 Dares displays his mighty limbs and strength, 440 
 
 And lifts his head amid the murmuring crowd; — 
 
 He who alone with Paris could contend ; 
 
 The same who at the tomb where Hector lies 
 
 Struck down the champion Butes, vast of bulk 
 
 (Boasting to have come of the Bebrycian race 445 
 
 Of Amycus), and stretched him on the sand, 
 
 Dying. So Dares rears his head aloft, 
 
 First in the lists, and shows his shoulders broad, 
 
 Throwing his arms out, with alternate blows 
 
 Beating the air. A rival then is sought ; +5^ 
 
 But no one ventures from the crowd to approach 
 
 The champion, and to bind the cestus on. 
 
 He therefore, overbold, supposing all 
 
 Declined the prize, before -/Eneas' feet 
 
 His station takes ; and without more delay 45s 
 
 On the bull's horn his left hand lays, and speaks : — 
 
 " Hero of birth divine, if none dare trust 
 
 Himself in combat, why then stand I here ? 
 
 And how long must I wait? Command that I 
 
 Shall lead away the prize." The Trojans all 4^ 
 
 Shout their assent, and wish the promised gift 
 
 Bestowed. 
 
 Then grave Acestes thus rebukes 
 
Book r. [91 
 
 En tell us, lying by him on the grass : — 
 M Entellus, once the bravest of the brave. 
 
 But to what end, if patiently thou scest 465 
 
 Such prizes without contest borne away? 
 
 Where now is he, Eryx, that god of ours 
 
 Whom thou didst call thy master, yet in vain ? 
 
 Where is thy fame through all Trinacria ? 
 
 And where those spoils that deck thy house's walls?" 470 
 
 Then he : " Not love of praise or fame departs 
 
 From me, driven out by fear, but the cold blood 
 
 Of age moves slowly, and the limbs lack, strength. 
 
 Had I but that which once I had, — the youth 
 
 Yon braggart boasts with such exulting taunt, — 4-; 
 
 Xot for rewards, not for a comely steer 
 
 Would I come hither, nor expect a gift." 
 
 So saying, a pair of gauntlets in the midst 
 
 He threw, of weight enormous, with which once 
 
 The impetuous Eryx clothed his hands in combat, 
 
 And with the tough thongs bound his wrists about. 
 
 All were amazed ; for seven great hides of bulls 
 
 Stiffened their bulk, with iron and with lead 
 
 Sewed in. Dares himself astonished stands, 
 
 And drawing back, declines to try the light. 
 
 /Eneas tests the gauntlets' weight and size, 
 
192 The Aineid. 
 
 And to and fro he turns their ponderous folds. 
 
 Then said the veteran : "What if ye had seen 
 
 The cestus and the arms of Hercules 
 
 Himself, and watched the battle as it raged 49° 
 
 Upon this very shore ? These gloves were once 
 
 Worn by thy brother Eryx (even now 
 
 The soil of brains and blood thou mayst perceive). 
 
 With these he against the great Alcides stood ; 
 
 With these I once was wont to fight, when youth 495 
 
 And strength were mine, nor envious age 
 
 Had bleached my brows. But if these arms of ours 
 
 The Trojan Dares here declines to test ; 
 
 And if iEneas gives consent, and he 
 
 Who prompts the fight, Acestes, let us make s°° 
 
 The battle even. I withdraw the hides 
 
 Of Eryx, fear not ; and thy Trojan gloves 
 
 Do thou put off." So saying, he threw aside 
 
 His robe, and showed his mighty limbs, and stood 
 
 In the arena's midst with towering form. 5°s 
 
 yEneas then two equal pairs provides 
 
 Of gauntlets, and so both alike are armed. 
 
 Each stands on tiptoe ; fearless they extend 
 
 Their arms, with heads thrown back, to avoid the blows; 
 
 
Book v. 
 
 i93 
 
 Hands crossing hands, provoking to the tight: s'« 
 
 The one, of more elastic toot, and lull 
 Of confidence in vouth ; the other strong 
 In weight and heavy limbs, hut tottering 
 And feeble in his knees, with panting hreath 
 That shakes his mighty joints. And many a blow 5>5 
 
 Is aimed in vain, upon their hollow sides 
 And chests resounding; round their ears and brows 
 The strokes rly thick and fast ; beneath the shocks 
 Their jawbones seem to crack. But firmly stands 
 Entellus, from his posture still unmoved; 5" 
 
 And with his body and his watchful eyes 
 Alone avoids the blows. Dares, as one 
 Who with his engines 'gainst a lofty town 
 Leads the attack, or lays his siege around 
 A mountain citadel, now here, now there 5*5 
 
 Seeks entrance, trying with his art each place, 
 Urging his various assaults in vain. 
 Entellus, rising, his right hand thrusts out ; 
 The other swift foresees the coming blow, 
 Adroitly steps aside, and all the strength ss° 
 
 Of the huge veteran spends itself in air; 
 And heavily down with his vast weight he falls: 
 As when, uprooted, falls a hollow pine 
 25 
 
1 94 The Aineid. 
 
 On Erymanthus, or Mount Ida's side. 
 
 Then rise the Trojan and Trinacrian youths 535 
 
 With eager impulse, and a mighty shout. 
 
 And first Acestes runs and raises up 
 
 His friend of equal years, with pitying aid. 
 
 But the old hero, by his sudden fall 
 
 Neither intimidated nor delayed, 540 
 
 Fiercer returns, while anger lends him strength, 
 
 And shame and conscious valor stimulate 
 
 His spirit. And impetuous now he drives 
 
 Dares across the lists, redoubling blow 
 
 On blow, now with his right hand, now his left ; 545 
 
 No respite or delay. As when the clouds 
 
 Pour rattling hailstones thick upon the roofs, 
 
 So with his frequent blows the hero beats 
 
 And drives his adversary with both hands. 
 
 But here iEneas suffered not their wrath 5s 3 
 
 Further to go, or rage with fiercer heat, 
 
 But to the combat put an end, and saved 
 
 The exhausted Dares, speaking soothing words: — 
 
 "Unhappy man," he said, "what folly so 
 
 Possessed thy mind? Dost thou not here perceive 555 
 
 An alien strength, the gods against thee turned ? 
 
 Yield now to heaven." So saying, he stayed the fight. 
 
Book V. i ■ , ; 
 
 Dragging his feeble knees, with head that drooped 
 
 This way and that, blood issuing from bis mouth, 
 
 Mingled with loosened teeth, Dares is led 
 
 Aw av by his trusty comrades to the ships. 
 
 Then summoned, they receive the promised sword 
 
 And helmet ; while the palm and bull are left 
 
 To Entellus. Proud and elated with his prize, 
 
 " Xow know, O goddess-born," he said, " and you, 565 
 
 Ye Trojans, what my youthful strength once was, 
 
 And from what death your Dares has been saved." 
 
 He said ; and standing opposite the bull, 
 
 The victor's prize, drew back his arm, and aimed 
 
 Between the horns the gauntlet's blow, and dashed 570 
 
 The bones sheer through the shattered skull. Down fell 
 
 With quivering limbs upon the ground the bull. 
 
 " Eryx," he said, " this better sacrifice 
 
 I make to thee, instead of Dares' death. 
 
 Victorious, I the gauntlet here renounce." 575 
 
 Then all who would contend in archery 
 ./Eneas next invites, with prizes fixed. 
 And with his strong hand he erects a mast 
 Brought from Serestus' ship. Upon its top 
 A dove is fastened as a mark. The men 
 
1 96 The sEneid. 
 
 Assemble, and a brazen helmet holds 
 
 The lots thrown in. And first Hippocoon's name 
 
 Comes forth, the son of Hyrtacus ; and next 
 
 Mnestheus, crowned victor in the naval race. 
 
 Third came Eurytion's name, brother of thee, s 8 s 
 
 O famous Pandarus, who, commanded, hurled 
 
 Among the Greeks the spear that broke the truce. 
 
 Last in the helmet came Acestes' name ; 
 
 He too would try the task of younger hands. 
 
 Then, taking arrows from their quivers, each 59° 
 
 Bends his lithe bow with all his strength and skill. 
 And first Hippocoon's shaft with twanging string 
 Cleaves the light air, and strikes the mast, and sticks. 
 The tall pole trembles, and the frightened bird 
 Flutters her wings. Around the plaudits ring. 59s 
 
 Then boldly Mnestheus, with his bow full drawn, 
 Stands, aiming high, with eye and weapon fixed 
 He, hapless, fails to strike the bird, yet cuts 
 The knotted cord by which she hung. Aloft 
 Toward the clouds, and through the air she speeds. 600 
 Then, swift, with shaft already on the string, 
 Eurytion with his vows invoked his brother. 
 Fixing his eye upon the joyful dove, 
 
Book /'. \ ; 
 
 As through the empty air she flapped her \vi: 
 
 He pierced her underneath the shadowing cloud. 
 
 Down dead she dropped, and left amid the star. 
 
 Pier life, and tallen, brings the arrow back, 
 
 Fixed in her side. The prize thus lost to him, 
 
 Acestes was the onlv archer left. 
 
 Nathless, his arrow shooting in the air, '..o 
 
 The sire displays his skill and sounding how. 
 
 But here a sudden prodigy is shown, 
 
 An omen of the future, by events 
 
 Thereafter manifest; too late the sign 
 
 By awe-inspiring prophets was revealed. 615 
 
 For, riving through the humid clouds, the shaft 
 
 Signalled its flight by flames, and disappeared, 
 
 Consumed amid thin air; as when from heaven 
 
 Unrixed, glide shooting stars with trailing light. 
 
 Trinacrians and Trojans stood amazed, 6;o 
 
 Calling upon the gods. /Eneas sees 
 
 The omen, and the glad Acestes greets 
 
 W ith an embrace, and loads him with large gifts. 
 
 " Take, sire," he said; "the mighty Olympian king, 
 
 From auspices like these, for thee intends i 
 
 Distingui>hed honors. This gift thou shalt have, 
 
 A bowl Anchises once himself possessed, 
 
198 The Aineid. 
 
 Embossed with figures, which my father once 
 
 Received from Thracian Cisseus, to be kept, 
 
 A pledge and a memorial of his love." 630 
 
 This said, he wreathes his brows with laurel green, 
 
 And names Acestes victor over all. 
 
 Nor does the good Eurytion grudge the praise 
 
 That stood before his own, though he alone 
 
 Had brought the bird down from the upper air. 635 
 
 His gift came next, whose arrow cut the cords; 
 
 His last, whose winged shaft had pierced the mast. 
 
 But ere the contest closed, ./Eneas calls 
 
 To him Epytides, — the guardian he 
 
 Of young lulus, and companion, — 6 4 o 
 
 And thus his trusty ear addressed : " Go now, 
 
 And tell Ascanius, if his band of boys 
 
 Be ready, and the movements of their steeds 
 
 Arranged in order, to bring up his troop 
 
 Of cavalry, to show themselves in arms, Hs 
 
 In honor of his grandsire, and his day." 
 
 He then commands the crowd to leave the course, 
 
 And clear the open field. The boys advance ; 
 
 With glittering arms and well-reined steeds they shine 
 
 In equal ranks before their parents' eyes; 650 
 
Book v. 
 
 And as they move, the admiring hosts of Troy 
 And of Trinacria shout In loud applause. 
 
 All have their hair confined by crowns of leaves; 
 
 Bach bears two cornel spears with heads of steel. 
 
 Some on their shoulders carry quivers light ; 655 
 
 And round their necks, and tailing on their breasts, 
 
 Circles of soft and twisted gold are worn. 
 
 Three bands of riders, with three leaders, go 
 
 Coursing upon the plain, twelve boys in each ; 
 
 And each division has a guide: one band 660 
 
 Led by a little Priam, named from him, 
 
 His famous grandsire, and Polites' son, 
 
 Destined one day to increase the Italian race. 
 
 On a white-dappled Thracian steed he rode, 
 
 His forefeet white, and white his forehead held 665 
 
 Aloft in pride. Atys came next, from whom 
 
 The house of Latin Atii is derived ; 
 
 The little Atys, by lulus loved. 
 
 And last, more beautiful than all the rest, 
 
 lulus, borne on a Sidonian horse, 6-0 
 
 Fair Dido's gift, memorial of her love. 
 
 The rest rode on the king's Trinacrian steeds. 
 
 The Trojans greet them thrilling with the appla 
 
200 The sEneid. 
 
 And gaze with pleasure, noting on each face 
 
 Their parents' features. When the joyous train 675 
 
 Had passed upon their steeds before the throng, 
 
 And their proud fathers' eyes, Epytides 
 
 Gave from afar a signal by a shout, 
 
 And cracked his whip. They equally divide 
 
 By threes, in separate bands. Then at command 6$ 3 
 
 They wheel, and charge each other with fixed spears, 
 
 With many a forward movement and retreat 
 
 Opposing, circles within circles mixed, 
 
 Through all the mimic battle's changes borne. 
 
 And now they turn and fly, now aim their darts 6S5 
 
 Each at the other ; and now, peace restored, 
 
 They ride abreast ; as once the labyrinth 
 
 In lofty Crete is said to have had a path 
 
 With blind walls through a thousand ways inwoven 
 
 Of doubt and artifice, which whosoe'er 690 
 
 By guiding marks endeavored to explore, 
 
 Error unconscious, irretraceable 
 
 Deceived his steps. Even so the Trojan youths 
 
 Their courses interweave, of sportive flight 
 
 And battle ; as when dolphins swimming cleave 695 
 
 The Lybian and Carpathian seas, and sport 
 
 Amid the waves. These movements and these jousts 
 
Book r. 20 1 
 
 Ascanius afterwards revived, when he 
 
 The walls of Alba-Longa built, and taught 
 
 The ancient Latin race to celebrate - -> 
 
 The sports which he and Trojan youths with him 
 
 Had learned ; the Albans taught them to their sons ; 
 
 And mighty Rome adopted and preserved 
 
 Her fathers' honored custom, now called * Troy ' ; 
 
 The youths performing it, * the Trojan band.' 7^5 
 
 Thus far, in memory of a sacred sire, 
 
 His day was kept, with contests and with games. 
 
 Here, changing Fortune showed an altered face. 
 For while about the tomb a holiday 
 
 They kept, with various games and solemn rites, 7«o 
 
 Saturnian Juno from the skies sent down 
 Iris her messenger to the Trojan fleet, 
 And breathed the winds upon her as she went. 
 Revolving many a scheme, the goddess kept 
 Her ancient enmity still unappeased. r>9 
 
 The virgin down her bow of thousand tints 
 Glides softly on her way, unseen by all. 
 She notes the mighty concourse, and surveys 
 The shores, and sees the harbor and the ships 
 26 
 
202 The Alneid. 
 
 Deserted. On a lonely shore, afar, v~° 
 
 The Trojan women mourned Anchises dead, 
 
 And weeping sat and gazed upon the deep. 
 
 " Alas, how many shoals, how many seas," 
 
 They cried, "our weary hearts must still endure! " 
 
 Such the complaint they uttered, one and all. 725 
 
 They pray for a city and a resting-place, 
 
 And hate the thought of further sufferings 
 
 Upon the sea. Then in the midst of them, 
 
 Iris, her face and robes divine laid by, 
 
 Not inexpert in mischief, throws herself 730 
 
 In Beroe's form, Doryclus' aged wife, 
 
 Who rank and name and family once had ; 
 
 And thus the Trojan matrons she addressed : — 
 
 " Unhappy women, by no Grecian hands 
 
 Dragged to your death beneath your city's walls ! 73s 
 
 O ill-starred race ! To what disastrous end 
 
 Doth Fortune now reserve you, one and all ? 
 
 The seventh summer now is passing by, 
 
 Since Troy was doomed, and still upon the seas 
 
 We are borne away, and traverse every land, 740 
 
 Over so many inhospitable rocks, 
 
 Beneath so many stars, still rolling on 
 
 The billows, following an Italy 
 
Book v. 203 
 
 That Hies before. Plere the fraternal shores 
 
 Of Eryx stand ; Acestes is our host. 
 
 Who hinders us from building here our walls, 
 
 A city and a home ? O fatherland, 
 
 And household gods snatched from the foe in vain! 
 
 Shall never walls again be named from Troy ? 
 
 And shall I never the Hectorian streams, 
 
 Xanthus and Simois, again behold? 
 
 Come then, and burn with me these luckless ships. 
 
 For as I slept, methought Cassandra's ghost 
 
 Brought to me burning torches, crying aloud, 
 
 * Here seek your Troy ! Here find your house and home ! ' 
 
 The time now prompts the deed. No more delay, 7> 6 
 
 With omens such as these. Four altars, see, 
 
 To Neptune. He himself, the god, supplies 
 
 The torches, and the courage for the attempt." 
 
 Saying this, she snatched a brand, and drawing back 760 
 
 Her arm, hurled it afar, with all her strength. 
 
 Excited and bewildered stood the dames 
 
 Of Troy. Then from the throng, eldest in years, 
 
 Pyrgo, the nurse of Priam's many sons, 
 
 Exclaimed : " Matrons, no Beroe is this, 765 
 
 No matron of Rhoeteum, nor the wife 
 
204 The Aineid. 
 
 Of our Doryclus. Do ye not discern 
 
 The glorious signs of deity, how flame 
 
 Her sparkling eyes? what majesty is hers? 
 
 And what a countenance, and voice, and gait ? 770 
 
 Beroe I myself but now have left, 
 
 Sick, and in grief that she alone must miss 
 
 The sacred rites, and honors that we pay 
 
 To Anchises." 
 
 But the matrons, doubtful first, 
 Began to scan the ships with eyes of hate, 775 
 
 Uncertain, 'twixt their yearning for this land 
 And that which called them with the voice of fate. 
 When upon balanced wings the goddess rose, 
 And flying tracked her pathway with an arc 
 Immense, — a gleaming rainbow on the clouds. :So 
 
 Then they, astonished at this strange portent, 
 And maddened, shout ; and from the inmost hearths 
 They snatch the burning coals ; and some despoil 
 The altars, and throw branches, leaves, and brands. 
 Unchecked the fire now rages all across 78s 
 
 The benches, oars, and sterns of painted fir. 
 
 Eumelus to the tomb and theatre 
 
 Brings news of the blazing ships. They all look back 
 
Book /'. 205 
 
 And see the sparks and see the rolling smoke. 
 And first Ascanius, leading joyously 790 
 
 The equestrian hand, e'en as he was, breaks off, 
 And to the excited camp in hot haste rides ; 
 Nor can his breathless guardians stay His flight. 
 " What fury strange is this! What is 't ye do, 
 () wretched countrywomen ? " he exclaims ; 
 " What means this deed ? No enemy, or camp 
 Of hostile Greeks, but your own hopes ye burn. 
 Lo, I am your Ascanius! " At their feet 
 He casts the empty helmet he had worn 
 In mimic battle. Here came hurrying on • 800 
 
 ./Eneas and the Trojan bands. But now, 
 The women, struck with fear, fly here and there 
 About the shores, and seek the woods and caves 
 With stealthy steps, ruing the deed commenced, 
 And loathing the bright day. Changed now, they see 8o 5 
 And recognize their friends, and Juno's power 
 Is shaken from their breasts. But none the less 
 The flames rage on still fierce and unsubdued. 
 Beneath the wet planks still the smouldering tow 
 Burns with dull smoke; the lingering heat devours Bio 
 The ships, and down through all their framework 
 creeps; 
 
206 The Alneid. 
 
 Nor human strength avails, nor streaming floods. 
 
 Then good iEneas rends his robes, and calls 
 Upon the gods for aid, with outstretched hands : — 
 " O Jove Omnipotent, if thou our race 815 
 
 Not yet dost altogether hate ; if now 
 Thy pity, shown of old, on human woes 
 Still looks with tenderness, then save our fleet 
 From the devouring flames! Now, father, snatch 
 The Trojans' slender fortunes from this death. 820 
 
 Or, if I so deserve, with thy right hand 
 Blast with thy thunders all that yet remains." 
 Scarce had he spoken, when a storm of rain 
 Darkened the sky, and poured with fury down, 
 With thunder-peals that shook the hills and plains. 8as 
 From the whole heavens, black gusts and windy floods 
 Down-rushing, drenched the ships. The half-charred 
 
 beams 
 Are soaked ; the flames are quenched ; the vessels all, 
 Save four, are rescued from the fiery pest. 
 
 iEneas, by this grave disaster shocked, 830 
 
 Turned o'er and o'er his heavy cares, in doubt 
 Whether on these Sicilian fields to stay, 
 Forgetful of the fates, or try once more 
 
Book r. 207 
 
 To reach the Italian shores. Then Xautcs, old 
 
 And wise, by Pallas taught, a sage renowned 
 
 For wisdom, thus his counsel gave, ami showed 
 
 Both what the anger of the gods portends, 
 
 And what the order of the fates demand ; 
 
 And with these words he cheers ./Eneas' thoughts: — 
 
 "Wherever Fate may lead us, whether on *-p 
 
 Or backward, let us follow. Whatsoe'er 
 
 Betides, all fortune must be overcome 
 
 By endurance. Here thou hast Acestes, born 
 
 Of race divine, and Trojan. Take then him 
 
 Into thy counsels, ready to assist. 845 
 
 All those who, now these ships are lost, may prove 
 
 Superfluous, and all those who have grown tired 
 
 Of thy great enterprise and plan, — whoe'er 
 
 Is unavailable, or shrinks from fear 
 
 Of danger, — these select, and leave with him. 850 
 
 Here let them settle, in a city built 
 
 For them, with his consent, called by his name." 
 
 Roused by such counsels from his aged friend, 
 He ponders still, his mind distraught with cares. 
 And now black Night, upon her chariot borne, 
 Held all the sky : when, gliding down, he sees 
 
2o8 The Aineid. 
 
 A vision of Anchises' face, and hears 
 
 These words : " My son, more dear to me than life, 
 
 While life remained ! — son, still by Trojan fates 
 
 Long tried, — I come to thee by Jove's command, s6o 
 
 Who saved thy ships from fire, and from on high 
 
 Looked with compassion. Follow thou the advice 
 
 So excellent, the aged Nautes gives. 
 
 The chosen youths, the bravest hearts, take thou 
 
 To Italy. A rough and hardy race S6 5 
 
 Must be subdued in Latium. But seek first 
 
 The lower realms of Dis, and through the deep 
 
 Avernus, O my son, go meet thy sire. 
 
 For not in wicked Tartarus I dwell, 
 
 With sorrowing ghosts, but 'mid the companies s-o 
 
 Of upright souls, in blest Elysium. 
 
 Hither, with offered blood of black sheep slain, 
 
 The virgin Sibyl will conduct thy steps. 
 
 And what thy future race shall be, and what 
 
 The cities to be given thee, thou shalt learn. 875 
 
 And now farewell : the dewy Night hath passed 
 
 Her high meridian, and the cruel Dawn 
 
 Is breathing on me with her panting steeds." 
 
 He said ; and faded into air, like smoke. 
 
 " Ah, whither dost thou go ? " iEneas cried ; sso 
 
Book /'. 209 
 
 11 Why hasten thus away ? Whom fliest thou ? 
 
 Or who constrains thee from tliv sou's embrace! " 
 
 With that, the slumbering embers he revives; 
 
 Suppliant, adores his Trojan household god, 
 
 And venerable Vesta, with the meal 885 
 
 Of sacrifice, and with the censer full. 
 
 Forthwith he calls Acestes, and his friends ; 
 
 And the commands of Jove and of his sire 
 
 Declares, and how his own intent now stands. 
 
 His plans are not opposed. Acestes yields 890 
 
 Assent to his demands. The matrons first 
 
 For the new city they enroll ; then all 
 
 Who are willing, set apart, — the souls who need 
 
 Xo loud applause of fame. The rowers' seats 
 
 They then replace, repair the timbers burned, 895 
 
 And fit the oars and ropes. A little band 
 
 They are, but valorous, and fresh for war. 
 
 Meanwhile i^neas with a plough marks out 
 The city's boundaries, and by lot assigns 
 The dwelling-places, — Ilium here, here Troy, 9 00 
 
 As he determines. Pleased, Acestes views 
 The place he is to rule, the forum's code 
 27 
 
210 The Aineid. 
 
 Declares, and gives the assembled fathers laws. 
 
 Then, near the stars, upon Mount Eryx' top, 
 
 To Venus of Idalium they erect 9°5 
 
 A temple : and to Anchises' tomb they give 
 
 A ministering priest, and sacred grove. 
 
 Now all had held their nine days' festival, 
 
 With offerings due upon the altars laid. 
 
 The waves are smoothed : the south-wind freshening 
 
 blows 9 IQ 
 
 With breezy invitation to the deep. 
 Then all along the shore rise tones of grief; 
 And last embraces night and day retard. 
 Nay, even the mothers — they to whom erewhile 
 The face of Ocean was a bitter thing 9's 
 
 And an intolerable name — would now 
 Depart, and dare all hardships of the deep. 
 With friendly words ^Eneas comforts them ; 
 And to his countryman Acestes he 
 With tears commends them. Three young heifen 
 
 then 9-° 
 
 To Eryx he commands that they shall slay ; 
 And to the Storms a lamb. The cables loosed, 
 He stands upon the prow, his temples wreathed 
 
 i 
 
Bi wk 
 
 2 I I 
 
 With oliyc-leaves, and holds a cup, and throws 
 
 The entrails on the waves, and pours the wine. 
 
 A wind arising, follows as they sail ; 
 
 And rival crews ply oars, and sweep the sea. 
 
 But Venus, full of cares and tears, meanwhile 
 
 Pours out her plaints to Neptune : "Juno's wrath 
 
 And hate insatiable compel me now, 93° 
 
 Neptune, to ahase myself in prayers. 
 
 Nor lapse of time, nor any piety 
 
 Can mitigate her rage; nor doth she rest, 
 
 Baffled by Jove's decree, and by the fates. 
 
 *T is not enough for her to have devoured 935 
 
 The Phrygian city with her wicked hate ; 
 
 Nor to have dragged through every penal pain 
 
 The wretched remnants of the Trojan race: 
 
 The very ashes and the bones of Troy 
 
 Ruined, she still pursues. What causes prompt 940 
 
 Such rage, she best can tell. Thou sawest thyself 
 
 What storms she raised, of late, amid the waves 
 
 Of Lybia ; mingling all the sea and sky, 
 
 Vainly enforced with her ./Eolian blasts, 
 
 She dared to invade thy realms. And now, behold I 
 
 Maddening the Trojan mothers, she basely burns 
 
2 1 2 The Aineid. 
 
 Their ships, and drives the crews to lands unknown. 
 
 For what remains, I do entreat that thou 
 
 Wilt grant a voyage safe across the seas, 
 
 That so Laurentian Tiber they may reach ; 950 
 
 If what I ask be so allowed by Jove, 
 
 And fate may grant the cities which they seek." 
 
 To whom the Saturnian ruler of the deep : — 
 
 "'T is right, O Cytherea, thou shouldst trust 
 
 My realms, from whence thy life was born. I too 955 
 
 Deserve this confidence, — oft having curbed 
 
 The rage of seas and skies. Nor less on land 
 
 (Let Simois and Xanthus testify) 
 
 Has thy iEneas been my charge. What time 
 
 Achilles chased the breathless troops of Troy, 960 
 
 And pressed them hard against the city's walls, 
 
 When thousands fell, and the choked rivers groaned 
 
 With corpses, nor could Xanthus find a way, 
 
 Or roll his waters to the ocean ; then 
 
 /Eneas, having met Achilles there, 9 fi 5 
 
 Ill-matched in strength, and aid from powers divine, 
 
 I snatched away, and hid him in a cloud : 
 
 Though I desired to overthrow the work 
 
 Of my own hands, the walls of perjured Troy. 
 
Book v. 
 
 ~ ' j 
 
 Now still my friendly purpose holds. PUlBJ 
 Thy fears. He sale will reach the Ausonun port! 
 Desired by thee. One only .shall he mi s, 
 Lost in the waves, — one life for many given." 
 
 Thus having soothed and filled her heart with joy, 
 
 The hither harnesses his steeds in gold, 
 
 With foaming hits, and all his reins shakes loose 
 
 And in his sea-blue car glides o'er the waves. 
 
 The waves subside, the swelling plain is smooth 
 
 Beneath his thundering wheels; the clouds are driven 
 
 From the vast sky. Then thronging come the forms. 9S0 
 
 Of his attendants, monsters of the deep: — 
 
 The train oi Glaucus, and Pahemon, son 
 
 Of Ino, and the Tritons swift; the bands 
 
 Of Phorcus; with them Thetis, Melite, 
 
 Nesaee, and the virgin Panope, 
 
 Spio, Thalia, and Cymodoce. 
 
 Now joy in turn pervades Eneas' soul, 
 Late in suspense. He orders all the masts 
 To be erected, and the canvas spread. 
 The ships all move as one. Now to the left, 
 Now to the right they tack, and loose the sails, 
 
2 1 4 The yEneid. 
 
 Or turn and turn again their peaked tops 
 
 Together. Favoring winds bear on the fleet; 
 
 And Palinurus leads the squadron on. 
 
 The rest all follow as the pilot bids. 99s 
 
 And now moist Night had touched her goal midway 
 In heaven. Beneath their oars the sailors lie, 
 'Mid their hard benches, lapped in sweet repose. 
 When, dropping from the stars, the god of sleep 
 Glides down the darkness and dispels the shades icoo 
 
 Bringing sad dreams into thy guileless soul, 
 
 Palinurus! On the lofty stern 
 
 He lights in Phorbas' shape, and pours these words 
 
 Into his ear : "The waves themselves bear on 
 
 Our fleet : the full breeze blows astern : this hour icos 
 
 For sleep is meet. O Palinurus, rest 
 
 Thy head, and close thine eyes o'ertasked with toil. 
 
 1 myself for a while will take thy place." 
 But Palinurus scarcely raised his eyes, 
 
 And answered : " Dost thou bid me to forget 1010 
 
 The Ocean's placid face, — these quiet waves? 
 And to confide in such a wondrous calm ? 
 How to the treacherous south-winds can I trust 
 ./Eneas, by such skies serene so oft 
 
Book v. 215 
 
 Deceived?" He said; and, clinging to the helm, 101s 
 
 Held fiiSt, and fixed his eyes upon the stars. 
 
 But lo! the god shakes o'er his brows a branch 
 
 Dripping with Lethean dew and drowsy spells 
 
 01 Stygian strength, and seals his swimming eyes, 
 
 That strive to lite their lids. The untimely rest 1010 
 
 Had scarce relaxed his limbs, when, pressing hard 
 
 Upon his frame, the demon hurls him down 
 
 Prone on the waves, a fragment of the stern 
 
 And the whole rudder in his clutch, torn off; 
 
 And leaves him calling to his friends in vain : 10*5 
 
 Then spreads his wings, and vanishes in air. 
 
 Yet onward sails the fleet, in safety borne 
 
 Unterriried, by Neptune's promised aid. 
 
 And now they near the Sirens' rocks, of old 
 
 A perilous shore, and white with many bones ; 103c 
 
 Where the perpetual dashing of the waves 
 
 Hoarsely resounds from far. iEneas now 
 
 Perceives the unsteady wavering of his ship, 
 
 Its pilot being lost. Then he himself 
 
 Steers through the billows dark, with many a groan, 1335 
 
 Grieved to the heart to know his friend is lost. 
 
 "O Palinurus, who didst trust too far 
 
 The skies and seas serene, a naked corpse 
 
 Thou now wilt lie, upon some unknown sands ! " 
 
BOOK VI. 
 
 \\ KEEPING he spoke, then gave his fleet the reins, 
 
 Until at length Eubcean Cumae's shores 
 They reach. Seaward the prows are turned ; the ships 
 Fast anchored, and the curved sterns fringe the beach. 
 On the Hesperian shore the warriors leap s 
 
 With eager haste. Some seek the seminal flame 
 Hid in the veins of flint; some rob the woods, 
 The dense abode of beasts, and rivulets 
 Discover. But the good iEneas seeks 
 The heights o'er which the great Apollo rules, 1° 
 
 And the dread cavern where the Sibyl dwells, 
 Revered afar, whose soul the Delian god 
 Inspires with thought and passion, and to her 
 Reveals the future. And now Dian's groves 
 They enter, and the temple roofed with gold. »5 
 
 The story goes, that Da?dalus, who fled 
 
 From Minos, dared to trust himself with wings 
 
Book ii. 217 
 
 I'pon the air, and sailed in untried flight 
 Toward the frigid Arctic, till at length 
 He hovered over the Cumsean towers. 10 
 
 Here first restored to earth, he gave to thee, 
 Phoebus, his oar-like wings, a sacred gift, 
 And built a spacious temple to thy name. 
 Upon the doors Androgeos' death was carved : 
 Then Cecrops' wretched sons, who year by year 25 
 
 Were doomed to yield their children up by sevens, 
 To atone for their misdeed. There stands the urn, 
 The lots drawn out. Opposite, raised above 
 The sea, the isle of Crete; the amour base 
 Of Pasiphae, and the Minotaur, 30 
 
 The biformed offspring of unhallowed lust. 
 Here stands the labor of the labyrinth 
 And its inextricable winding maze. 
 But Dxdalus, who pitied the great love 
 Of Ariadne, the blind, tortuous ways 35 
 
 Himself unriddled, guiding with a thread 
 The steps of Theseus. Thou too, Icarus, 
 Had grief permitted, wouldst have had great part 
 In such a work. Twice he essayed to mould 
 Thy fate in gold : twice dropped the father's hands. 40 
 And further they would have perused each work, 
 28 
 
218 The Aineid. 
 
 Had not Achates, sent before, appeared ; 
 
 With him Deiphobe, the priestess she 
 
 Of Phoebus and Diana, who thus spoke : — 
 
 " No time is this to gaze at idle shows. 45 
 
 Best now, from out an untouched herd, to take 
 
 Seven steers, and offer as a sacrifice ; 
 
 Also as many chosen two-year ewes." 
 
 This to iEneas said, without delay 
 
 They haste to execute her high commands. 5° 
 
 The priestess summons then the Trojan chiefs 
 
 To her high temple, a vast cavern hewn 
 
 From the Euboean rock. A hundred doors 
 
 And avenues are there, whence rushing come 
 
 As many voices of prophetic power, 55 
 
 The Sibyl's answers. At the threshold now, 
 
 "'T is time," the virgin said, "to ask with prayers 
 
 Thy destiny : — the god ! behold, the god ! " 
 
 As thus before the gates she speaks, her face 
 
 And color suddenly change ; — unkempt her hair ; — 60 
 
 Her panting breast and wild heart madly heaves ; 
 
 Larger she seems : unearthly rings her voice, 
 
 As nearer breathed the presence of the god. 
 
 " What, art thou then so sluggish in thy vows, 
 
Book VL 2IQ 
 
 Trojan i^Eneas, and so slow to pray ? 
 
 Haste, for not else these awe-struck doors will ope ! " 
 
 She ceased. A shudder through the Trojans ran ; 
 
 And from his inmost soul the chief thus prays : 
 
 "Apollo, who the sufferings of Troy 
 
 Mast ever pitied : thou who didst direct 70 
 
 The hand and shaft of Paris when it struck 
 
 Achilles, — led by thee, so many seas 
 
 Circling so many realms, I have explored, 
 
 And distant dwellings of Massy Han tribes, 
 
 And lands beyond the Syrtes. Now at length 75 , 
 
 We grasp the Italy that seemed so long 
 
 A flying vision. Though thus far we have come, 
 
 Pursued by a Trojan fortune, yet for you, 
 
 Ye gods and goddesses, to whom the name 
 
 And fame of Troy have proved an obstacle, «o 
 
 'Tis just that ye should spare our nation now. 
 
 And thou, most sacred prophetess, whose eye 
 
 Foresees the future, grant (I do not ask 
 
 A kingdom which my fates have never owed) 
 
 That I in Latium may establish all 85 
 
 My Trojans, and Troy's outcast household gods 
 
 Long tossed upon the seas. Then will I build 
 
 A marble temple sacred to the praise 
 
220 The Aineid. 
 
 Of Phoebus and Diana, and ordain 
 
 Great festal days called by Apollo's name. 9° 
 
 A spacious sanctuary too for thee 
 
 Shall stand. There will I place thy oracles, 
 
 And secret fates delivered to my race, 
 
 And consecrate, O seer benign, to thee 
 
 A chosen priesthood ! Only do not write 95 
 
 Thy prophecies on leaves, lest blown about 
 
 They fly, the sport of fitful winds. Thyself 
 
 Utter thy oracles." 
 
 The prophetess, 
 Impatient of the overpowering god, 
 
 Here raves in a wild frenzy through her cave, 100 
 
 And strives from off her breast to shake the spell 
 Divine. But all the more the deity 
 Fatigues her foaming lips, and, pressing down, 
 Subdues her fiery heart. But now, behold, 
 The hundred doors fly open of their own 105 
 
 Accord, and bear this answer through the air : 
 
 " O thou who hast passed the perils of the sea ! 
 
 A heavier lot on land remains for thee. 
 
 Thy Trojans the Lavinian realm shall find. 
 
 Dismiss this doubt and trouble from thy mind. no 
 
Book II. 22 1 
 
 Yet will they rue their coining. Dreadful war, 
 
 And Tiber frothed with blood, I see from far. 
 
 No Simois there nor Xanthus shalt thou lack, 
 
 Nor Grecian camps to threaten and attack. 
 
 Another Achilles there shall cross thy path, nj 
 
 Horn of a goddess, and dire Juno's wrath 
 
 Never be absent. Desolate and poor, 
 
 What cities shalt thou not for aid implore ! 
 
 Again a Trojan guest, a foreign wife 
 
 In Latium shall renew the bloody strife. no 
 
 Vet yield not thou, but go more boldly on, 
 
 Where Fortune leads, till victory be won. 
 
 Thy safety first shall come when thou, cast down, 
 
 Shalt least expect it, from a Grecian town." 
 
 Thus from her cave the Cunr.ran Sibyl pours >-s 
 
 Her dread and mystic utterance, moaning low, 
 
 Involving in obscurity her truths. 
 
 And while she raves, Apollo seems to shake 
 
 His reins above her, and still turns his goad 
 
 Beneath her breast. Soon as the fury ceased, '■ 
 
 And the wild lips were still, /Eneas spoke : — 
 
 " None of these trials comes, O virgin seer, 
 
 With new and unexpected face to me. 
 
222 The Aineid. 
 
 All was foreseen and pondered in my mind. 
 
 One thing I ask of thee, — since here, 'tis said 135 
 
 The gateway opens to the lower world, 
 
 And that dim shadowy lake, the o'erflowing tide 
 
 Of Acheron, — that I may, face to face, 
 
 Meet my dear father. Show me then the way ; 
 
 Open the sacred portals. Him, through flames 140 
 
 And through a thousand flying javelins, 
 
 I bore upon these shoulders, from our foes 
 
 So rescued. He through all the dreary seas 
 
 Was my companion, and all threatenings bore 
 
 Of ocean and of sky, feeble and old, 145 
 
 Yet with a strength beyond the lot of age. 
 
 Yea, he it was whose prayer and whose command 
 
 Sent me a suppliant to thy doors. I pray, 
 
 O virgin blest, that thou wilt pity us, 
 
 Father and son ; for all things thou canst do ; 150 
 
 Nor was 't in vain that Hecate set thee o'er 
 
 The Avernian groves. If Orpheus could call back 
 
 His wife, confiding in his Thracian lyre 
 
 And ringing chords; if Pollux could redeem 
 
 His brother by alternate death, and goes 15s 
 
 And comes so oft this way, (why need I speak 
 
 Of Theseus, or of mighty Hercules?) 
 
Book II. 2 2 J 
 
 I too, like them, derive my birth from Jove." 
 
 Thus he besought, and Oil the altar held. 
 
 "Son of Anchises, born of blood divine," 
 
 The priestess thus began, "easy the way 
 
 Down to A vermis; night and day the gates 
 
 Of Dis stand open. But to retrace thy steps 
 
 And reach the upper air, — here lies the task, 
 
 The difficulty here. A few by Jove 
 
 Beloved, or to ethereal heights upborne 
 
 By virtue's glowing force, sons of the gods, 
 
 The labor have achieved. Midway thick woods 
 
 The passage bar, and, winding all about, 
 
 Cocytus' black and sinuous river glides. 173 
 
 But it such strong desire be thine, to float 
 
 Twice o'er the Stygian lake; if the mad task 
 
 Delights thee, twice to see the gloomy realms 
 
 Of Tartarus ; — learn what must first be done. 
 
 Hid in the leafy darkness of a tree, 
 
 There is a golden bough, the leaves and stem 
 
 Also of gold, and sacred to the queen 
 
 Of the infernal realm. The grove around 
 
 Hides it from view; the shades of valleys dim 
 
 Close in and darken all the place. But none ■ 
 
 The deep recesses of the under-world 
 
224 The Aineid. 
 
 Can venture down, till he has plucked that spray 
 
 With golden tresses. Fair Proserpina 
 
 Demands this gift as hers alone. When plucked, 
 
 Another shoot fails not, but buds again 1S5 
 
 With the same golden foliage and stalk. 
 
 Therefore look high among the leaves, and seize 
 
 The branch, when found. 'T will give itself to thee 
 
 With ready will, if fate shall favor thee. 
 
 If otherwise, no strength nor sharpened steel »9° 
 
 Can sever it. But now — thou know'st it not, 
 
 Alas! — a friend of thine lies dead: his corpse 
 
 Pollutes the entire fleet, while here thou stay'st 
 
 Seeking our counsel, lingering at our doors. 
 
 First, bear him to his fitting burial-place, 19s 
 
 Offering black cattle, thy first sacrifice 
 
 Of expiation. So shalt thou at last 
 
 Behold the Stygian groves, by living souls 
 
 Untrod." She ceased to speak, with lips compressed. 
 
 Sad, and with downcast eyes, ^neas leaves *<» 
 
 The Sibyl's cave, revolving in his mind 
 These mysteries. Trusty Achates too 
 Attending him, the same deep cares oppress. 
 Of many things they talked upon the way, 
 
Book ri. 225 
 
 And wondered who the friend might be whose death *--s 
 The prophetess announced, — what lifeless form 
 
 Demanding burial rites. But when they arrived, 
 Behold, MisenuS stretched upon the shore 
 They see, — snatched by unworthy death away; — 
 Misenus, son of /Eolus, than whom 210 
 
 None blew the trumpet with more skill, to call 
 The warriors and inflame to martial deeds. 
 The mighty Hector's comrade he had been, 
 With clarion and with spear alike renowned. 
 By Hector's side he had often fought; but when -15 
 
 Victorious Achilles slew this chief, 
 He-joined x'Eneas, no inferior choice. 
 But now, when thoughtlessly with hollow shell 
 He made the seas resound, — as though he called 
 The gods to match his strains, — Triton, if so *w 
 
 The tale may be believed, with jealous rage 
 Seized him among the rocks, and plunged him deep 
 Within the foaming waves. So, round his corpse, 
 W ith loud lamenting cries they gathered all, 
 iEneas grieving most. With tearful eyes »»s 
 
 They hasten then, as by the Sibyl bid, 
 To build a funeral pile, and heap it high 
 With wood. Into the ancient forest then, 
 29 
 
226 The Aineid. 
 
 The lair of savage beasts, they go. Down fall 
 
 The pitch-trees, and the ilex trunks resound 230 
 
 Beneath their axes; roan and oak are split, 
 
 And from the mountain ash-trees huge are rolled. 
 
 iEneas, chief amid these labors, cheers 
 
 His comrades at their work, and wields the axe 
 
 With them. But gazing at the forest depths 23s 
 
 Immense, from his sad heart escapes this prayer : — 
 
 " Ah, if within this wood that golden bough 
 
 Would now but show itself! For all comes true 
 
 The prophetess hath told, — too true of thee, 
 
 Misenus!" Scarcely had he said these words, 24° 
 
 When from the sky two doves before him flew, 
 
 And lit upon the grass. The hero knows 
 
 His mother's birds, and joyfully he prays : 
 
 " Be ye my guides ! O, if there be a way, 
 
 Direct me where that rich bough 'mid the trees 245 
 
 Shadows the fertile soil ! And fail not thou, 
 
 Mother divine, in this my doubtful quest." 
 
 So saying, he checked his steps, observing all 
 
 Their motions and their course. They, here and there 
 
 Feeding along their track, no farther flew 25= 
 
 Than could be followed by the eye. At length 
 
 They reached the place where dark Avernus breathes 
 
Book ii. 
 
 Its noisome funics ; then upward took their flight. 
 
 And, gliding through the yielding air, they perch 
 
 Upon the tree, their place of rest desired, »ss 
 
 Where, with contrasted hue, the golden hough 
 
 Gleamed through the leaves. As in the frosty woods 
 
 The mistletoe, which springs not from the tree 
 
 On which it grows, puts forth a foliage new, 
 
 And ringj^fce smooth round trunks with saffron tufts, *6o 
 
 So on theTiark tree shone the leafy gold 
 
 And tinkled in the breeze. With eager hand 
 
 iEneas^ grasps and breaks the lingering branch, 
 
 And to the Sibyl's dwelling bears it off. 
 
 Meanwhile upon the shore the Trojans mourned its 
 
 Misenus dead, and the last funeral rites 
 
 Paid to his unresponsive ashes. First 
 
 A lofty pile, split oak and unctuous pine, 
 
 They build, and twine the sides with sombre boughs, 
 
 And place the funeral cypresses in front, 170 
 
 And deck the pyre with shining armor. Some 
 
 The b ubbling caldrons hea t, bathe and an oint 
 
 The frigid corpse,_with groans: upon a couch 
 
 Lay the lamented limbs, and o'er them throw 
 
 The well-known garments and the purple robes ; 
 
228 The sEneid. 
 
 Some on their shoulders lift the bier, — sad task! — 
 
 And, as the custom was, apply the torch 
 
 With heads averted. Offerin gs are burne d 
 
 Of incense, sacrificial flesh, and oil. 
 
 The ashes having fallen, and the flame 
 
 Burned out, the smouldering remains are steeped 
 
 In wine; and Corynaeus then collects 
 
 The bones, and stores them in a brazen urn. 
 
 a 
 
 Thrice round thejfriends, with fertile olive-br^^h, 
 
 He sprinkles water in a dewy shower 285 
 
 Of purifying drops ; the last farewell 
 
 Then speaks. But good ./Eneas heaps a tomb 
 
 Of spacious size, and lays the implements 
 
 Thereon his friend was wont to use, — the oar 
 
 And trumpet, under the aerial mount *9° 
 
 Which now from him the name Misenus bears 
 
 And evermore will bear. 
 
 These things being done, 
 He hastens to perform the Sibyl's charge. 
 There was a cavern deep with yawning jaws 
 Enormous, stony, screened by a gloomy lake 295. 
 
 And shadowy woods: no winged thing could fly 
 Unscathed above it, such the baleful breath 
 That from the opening rose to the upper air : 
 
Book 
 
 n. 
 
 (The place thence called Aornos by the (Jrceks.) 
 
 Here first the priestess placing four black steers, 300 
 
 Upon their foreheads pours the sacred wine, 
 
 And plucks the topmost hairs between the horns, 
 
 And lays them, the first offerings, on the flames, 
 
 Invoking Hecate, strong in heaven and hell. 
 
 The knives perform their work : the tepid blood 
 
 I- caught^Bhowls. Himself /Pneas slays 
 
 9 
 
 To NighJ^e mother oi the Eumenides, 
 
 And to her mighty sister, a black lamb ; 
 
 Also a barren cow, Proserpina, 
 
 To thee. Next to the Stygian king he builds 310 
 
 Nocturnal altars, and whole carcasses 
 
 Of bulls he burns, and on the holocaust 
 
 Pours out the unctuous oil amid the flames. 
 
 When lo, as the first sunbeams lit the place, 
 
 The earth beneath began to rumble, and tops 3<5 
 
 Of wooded hills to move; and through the shades 
 
 They seemed to hear the yelling of the hounds 
 
 Of hell, that told the coming goddess near. 
 
 u Away, unhallowed ones!" the Sibyl cries; 
 
 " And leave the whole grove clear. But thou press on, 
 
 And draw thy sword : for now, y£neas, now, i*« 
 
 Firm and undaunted thou must prove." She said, 
 
230 The ^Eneid. 
 
 And madly plunged into the open cave. 
 He with no timid step keeps pace with her. 
 
 Ye deities, whose empire is of souls! 3^5 
 
 Ye silent Shades, — Chaos and Phlegethon ! 
 
 Ye wide dumb spaces stretching through the night 
 
 Be it lawful that I speak what I have heard, 
 
 And by your will divine unfold the things 
 
 Buried in gloomy depths of deepest earth ! ^^ W 
 
 I 
 
 Through shadows, through the lonely night they went, 
 
 Through the blank halTTand emptyrealms of Dis : 
 
 As when by the uncertain moon one walks 
 
 Beneath a light malign, amid the woods, 
 
 When all the sky^isovercast, and night 33s 
 
 Robs all things of their color. In the throat 
 
 Of Hell, before the very vestibule 
 
 Of opening Orcus, sit Remorse and Grief, 
 
 And pale Disease, and sad Old Age, and Fear, 
 
 And Hunger that persuades to crime, and Want : — 340 
 
 Forms terrible to see. Suffering and Death 
 
 Inhabit here, and Death's own brother, Sleep; 
 
 And the mind's evil Lusts, and deadly War 
 
 Lie at the threshold, and the iron beds 
 
/i&k II. 2;, I 
 
 Of the Eumcnides; and Discord wild, 345 
 
 Her viper-locks with bloody fillets hound. 
 
 Here in the midst, a huge and shadowy elm 
 
 Spreads out its aged boughs, — the seat, 't is said, 
 
 Of empty dreams, that cling beneath the leaves. 
 
 And here besides are many savage shapes 350 
 
 Ot mons^Bus phantoms, — Centaurs, in their stalls ; 
 
 Scyllas offi ouble form ; and Briareus 
 
 The hundred-handed ; and the hissing snake 
 
 Of Lerna ; the Chimaera armed with flames; 
 
 And Gorgons, Harpies, and the triple shade 355 
 
 Of Gervon.' Here with sudden tremor seized, 
 
 /Eneas draws his sword, the keen bare edge 
 
 Opposing as they come. And had not then 
 
 His wise companion warned him that these forms 
 
 Were but a flitting swarm of b odiless 3 6a 
 
 Andjansubst antial ghos ts, he would have rushed 
 
 Among them, cleaving but the empty air. 
 
 Hence downward leads the way to Tartarus 
 
 And Ach eron . A gulf of turbid mire 
 
 Here foams with vortex vast, and belches forth 3 6 s 
 
 Into Cocytus all its floods of sand. 
 
232 The Aineid. 
 
 By these dread rivers waits the ferryman 
 
 Squalid and grim, Charon, his grisly beard 
 
 Uncombed and thick ; his eyes are flaming lamps ; 
 
 A filthy garment from his shoulders hangs. 370 
 
 He tends his sails, and with his pole propels 
 
 His barge of dusky iron hue, that bears 
 
 The dead across the river. Old he seems, 
 
 But with a green old age. Down to the banl^t 
 
 Comes rushing the whole crowd, matrons andWen, 375 
 
 Great heroes, boys, unwedded girls, and youths 
 
 Their parents saw stretched on their funeral pile ; 
 
 Thick as the clustering leaves that fall amid 
 
 The forests in the first autumnal chill, 
 
 Or as the flocks of birds that from the sea 380 
 
 Fly landward, by the frigid season sent 
 
 Across the main, to seek a sunnier clime. v 
 
 They, praying to be first to cross the stream, 
 
 Were standing, longing for the farther shore, 
 
 With outstretched arms. But the stern ferryman 3S5 
 
 Now these, now those, receives into his boat, 
 
 But drives afar the others from the beach. 
 
 Moved by the tumult, and with wonder filled, 
 iEneas cries : " O virgin, tell me what 
 
Book VL 
 
 I » . 
 
 - $ j 
 
 This crowd may mean that to the river moves. 
 
 What do these spirits seek ? What difference 
 
 ()i fate leaves these behind, while those are rowed 
 
 Across the livid waves?" Then answered thus 
 
 The aged Sibyl: "Great Anchises' son, 
 
 Thou seest Cocytus, and the Stygian lake, yjs 
 
 By which the gods do fear falsely to swear ; 
 
 This cro«, the needy and unburied dead ; 
 
 Yon ferryman is Charon. Those he bears 
 
 Across had burial rites. No one may pass 
 
 Those dreadful waves, until his bones repose 4 j 
 
 Within a quiet grave. A hundred years 
 
 They wander, flitting all around these shores, 
 
 Until at last they cross the wished-for lake." 
 
 Absorbed in thought, i^Eneas paused and stood, 
 Pitying their cruel lot. And now he sees, ¥>s 
 
 Sad, and without their needed burial rites, 
 Leucaspis and Orontes who had led 
 The Lycian fleet, and both of whom, from Troy 
 Together driven across the stormy deeps, 
 \ The south-wind struck, and ship and crew o'erwhelmed. 
 Lo, Palinurus too, his pilot, comes; 41 • 
 
 Who, while upon his Lybian course he watched 
 30 
 
234 The AineicL 
 
 The stars, of late, down from the stern had fallen 
 
 Into the sea. His sad face in the gloom 
 
 iEneas scarcely knew. "Which of the gods," 4«s 
 
 He said, " O Palinurus, snatched thy form 
 
 Away from us, and plunged thee in the waves? 
 
 Tell me, I pray; for great Apollo ne'er 
 
 Deceived me, till this one response he gave, 
 
 That thou shouldst safely pass the sea, and reacM v-o 
 
 The Ausonian shores. Lo, thus he keeps his word! " 
 
 Then he :/" Neither did Phoebus' oracle 
 
 Deceive, nor me did any god immerse 
 
 In the deep sea : for falling headlong down, 
 
 I dragged with me the helm, by chance torn off, **j 
 
 To which I clung, being set to guard it there, 
 
 And guide our course. By the rough seas I swear, 
 
 That for myself I had no fear so great, 
 
 As that thy ship, her rudder torn away, 
 
 Her pilot lost, might sink amid such waves. 43° 
 
 Three wintry nights across the ocean wastes 
 
 The stormy south-wind drifted me along, 
 
 Till on the fourth day, from the billow's top, 
 
 Italia I descried ; and by degrees 
 
 Swam to the shore, where safe I should have been, 435 
 
 Had not a barbarous horde attacked me there 
 
Book 1 7. 
 
 23 s 
 
 With swords (my heavy garments dripping wet, 
 
 And clinging to the rocks with claw-like clutch , 
 
 Hoping tor plunder in their ignorance. 
 
 The waves and winds now toss me about the shore. 4>o 
 
 There fore _I pray the ^bjMhe prccious lig h t 
 
 And air of heaven, the memory of thy sire, 
 
 And by the hopes thy young lulus brings, 
 
 C) thou uijeonquered, snatch me from these woes ! 
 
 And either heap the earth upon my bones, — 
 
 For thou canst do it, seeking Velia's port, — 
 
 Or, if there be some way, — some way made known 
 
 By thy great goddess-mother unto_thee 
 
 (For I must think that not without consent_ 
 
 Divine, thou art prepared to float across 45° 
 
 The Stygian lake), — then give thy hand to me 
 
 Wretched, and take me with thee through the waves ; 
 
 S o I at least in death may find a place 
 
 Of^rest." To whom the prophetess replied : — 
 
 "O Palinurus, whence this wild desire? 455 
 
 Canst thou unburied cross the Stygian waves, 
 
 And see the Eumenides' forbidding stream, 
 
 And reach yon bank unsummoned? Cease to hope 
 
 By prayers to bend the destinies divine. 
 
 Yet take these words to mind, to cheer thy lot. 4* 
 
236 The Alneid. 
 
 For be assured, the people of that coast, 
 
 And through their cities far and wide, impelled 
 
 By omens from on high, shall expiate 
 
 Thy death with fitting rites, and build a tomb 
 
 With annual offerings given ; and by the name 465 
 
 Of Palinurus shall the place be called 
 
 Forevermore." These words a little while 
 
 Dispelled his grief, while he rejoiced to know . 
 
 There was a land destined to bear his name. 
 
 So on their way they go, and near the stream : 470 
 
 When now the boatman from the Stygian wave 
 
 Espied them moving through the silent woods, 
 
 And drawing near the bank, with chiding words 
 
 He thus accosts them : " Whosoe'er thou art 
 
 That drawest near our river thus, all armed, 475 
 
 Say why thou comest. Stop there where thou art ! 
 
 This is the realm of Shadows and of Sleep, 
 
 And drowsy Night. None living are allowed 
 
 To cross the river in the Stygian boat. 
 
 In sooth I was not pleased to have received 48° 
 
 Alcides, Theseus, nor Pirithoiis, 
 
 Albeit divine and of unconquered strength. 
 
 The first of these with his own hand bound fast 
 
Book vi. 237 
 
 The sentinel of Tartarus in chains, 
 
 And dragged him trembling from our king's own throne. 
 
 The others strove to hear aw av our queen 486 
 
 From Pluto's bridal-chamber." Briefly then 
 
 The Amphrysian prophetess replied : " No plots 
 
 Like those are here. Be not alarmed. This sword 
 
 No violence intends. Let Cerberus, 4. 
 
 Forever parking in his cave, affright 
 
 These bloodless ghosts; let chaste Proserpina 
 
 Still keep within her uncle's doors, unharmed. 
 
 Trojan lEneas, well renowned for arms 
 
 And filial reverence, to these lower shades 495 
 
 Of Erebus descends to meet his sire. 
 
 If by such piety thou art not moved, 
 
 At least this branch thou wilt acknowledge." Here 
 
 She showed the branch concealed within her robe. 
 
 At once his anger fell, nor more he spake; s- 3 
 
 But gazed, admiring, at the fated bough, 
 
 The offering revered, so long a time 
 
 Unseen; and toward them turns around his barge 
 
 Of dusky hue, and brings it to the shore. 
 
 The ghosts .that all along its benches sat, 
 
 Pie hurries out, and clears the boat; then place 
 
 To great ./Eneas gives. Beneath his weight 
 
238 The Aineid. 
 
 The hide-patched vessel groans ; its leaky sides 
 
 Drink in the marshy water ; till at length 
 
 The priestess and the hero, safe across 51° 
 
 The river, land upon the slimy mud 
 
 And weeds of dingy green. I Here Cerberus, 
 
 Whose triple-throated barking echoes through 
 
 These realms, lies stretched immense across his den, 
 
 Confronting their approach. The prophetess, s^s^ 
 
 Seeing his neck now bristling thick with snakes, 
 
 Throws him a cake of medicated seeds 
 
 With soporiferous honey moistened. He 
 
 With rabid hunger, opening his three throats, 
 
 Snaps up the offered sop ; and on the ground 5*° 
 
 His hideous limbs relaxing, sprawls, and lies 
 
 Huge, and extended all along the cave. 
 
 The sentinel thus sunk in lethargy, 
 
 JEneas gains the entrance, hastening on 
 
 Beyond the stream whence there is no return. 5-5 
 
 Then as they entered, voices wild were heard, 
 Shrieking and wailing, — souls of infants robbed 
 Of all their share of life, snatched from the breast, 
 And sunk by gloomy fate in cruel death. 
 Then next were those by accusations false 
 
Book ri. 
 
 Condemned to sutler death. Nor were their lots 
 
 Assigned without a trial and a judl 
 
 Minos presiding, shakes the urn : he calls 
 
 The silent multitude, and learns from each 
 
 The story of his life and crimes. Next come 
 
 The places where the sad and guiltless souls 
 
 Were seen, who, hating the warm light of day, 
 
 Wrought their own death and threw away their lives. 
 
 How willingly they now in the upper air 
 
 Their poverty and sufferings would endure! 540 
 
 But this Heaven's law forbids : the hateful lake 
 
 With its sad waves imprisons them, and Stvx 
 
 Flowing between, nine times encircling, binds. 
 
 Not far from this the Fields of Mourning lie 
 
 Extended wide : by this name they are called. 545 
 
 Here those whom tyrannous love with cruel blight 
 
 Has wasted, in secluded paths are hid, 
 
 And sheltered round about by myrtle groves. 
 
 Not even in death their cares are left behind. 
 
 Here Pha?dra and here Procris he espies, 
 
 And Eriphyle sad, who shows the wounds 
 
 Made by her cruel son ; Evadne too, 
 
 And Pasiphae ; and along with these 
 
240 The Aineid. 
 
 Laodamia goes, and Caenis, once 
 
 A man, now woman, to her former sex 555 
 
 Returned by fate. Phoenician Dido here, 
 
 Her wound still fresh, was wandering in the woods ; 
 
 Whom, as the Trojan hero nearer came, 
 
 And knew amid the shadows dim, as one 
 
 Who sees, or thinks he sees, amid the clouds, 560 
 
 The young moon rising, — tears fell from his eyes, 
 
 And thus with tones of tender love he spoke : 
 
 "Ah, Dido, was it true then, the report 
 
 That told thy death, and slain by thine own hands? 
 
 Alas! was I the cause? Now by the stars s 6 5 
 
 I swear, and by the gods above, and all 
 
 There is of faith and truth below the earth, 
 
 Not willingly, O queen, I left thy shore. 
 
 It was the gods, whose mandate sends me now 
 
 To journey here through gloom and shade profound, s:° 
 
 And places rank with hideous mould, who then 
 
 Forced me by their decree. Nor did I know 
 
 That my departure such a grief to thee 
 
 Would bring. Stay then thy steps, nor turn away 
 
 From me. Ah, wherefore dost thou shun me thus? 575 
 
 'T is the last word fate suffers me to speak ! " 
 
 So did iEneas strive to soothe her soul 
 
Book ii. 241 
 
 Inflamed, and aspect stern, while still he wept. 
 She turned away, her eyes fixed on the ground ; 
 Nor, as he pleaded, was her face more moved 
 Than it" she stood there, a hard block oi flint, 
 
 Or cold Marpesian marble. Then away 
 She hurried, with defiance in her mien, 
 And hid amid the shadows of the woods. 
 There, with Sycha?us, her first spouse, she finds 
 Responsive sympathy and equal love. 
 But none the less, wrung by this cruel chance, 
 iEneas follows her with tearful eyes 
 And pitying heart. 
 
 Then on his way he toils ; 
 And now they reached the farthest fields, a place 59° 
 
 Apart, by those frequented who in war 
 Were famous. Tydeus here he meets, and here 
 Parthenopa?us, well renowned in arms ; 
 And the pale spectre of Adrastus: there, 
 Trojans in battle slain, lamented much 595 
 
 In upper earth, whom with a sigh he sees 
 In long array. Glaucus and Medon there 
 Appear; Thersilochus ; Antenor's sons ; 
 And Polyphoetes, consecrated priest 
 To Ceres ; and Idieus, holding still 
 3 1 
 
242 The Aineid. 
 
 His chariot and his arms. To right and left 
 
 The spirits crowd about him, not content 
 
 Merely to see him, but they needs must wait 
 
 And hover round his steps, and know what cause 
 
 Has brought him hither. But the Grecian chiefs 605 
 
 And hosts of Agamemnon, when they see 
 
 The hero and his glittering arms that flash 
 
 Across the shadows, tremble with great fear. 
 
 Some turn and fly, as to their ships of old 
 
 They fled ; some raise thin voices, and their shouts 610 
 
 Die without sound within their gasping throats. 
 
 Here Priam's son Deiphobus he sees, 
 
 Mangled, with lacerated face and hands, 
 
 Ears severed from his head, and nostrils gashed 
 
 With shameful wounds. Scarce does the hero know 615 
 
 His form, as cowering he essays to hide 
 
 His cruel punishment. Him then with voice 
 
 Well known he addressed : " Valiant Deiphobus, 
 
 Of Teucer's noble race, what enemy 
 
 Has wrought on thee this cruel chastisement ? 620 
 
 To whom was this permitted? I was told 
 
 That thou on Troy's last night, worn out, and tired 
 
 Of Grecian slaughter, hadst sunk down 'mid heaps 
 
Book 11. 
 
 
 Of confused carnage. Then an empty mound 
 
 I raised to thee upon the Rhu-tean shore, 
 
 Thrice calling on thy shade. Thy name ami arms 
 
 Still keep the place. Hut thee, O friend, I sought 
 
 In vain ; nor could, departing, lav thy limbs 
 
 Within our country's earth." To whom replied 
 
 The son of Priam: "Nothing, O my friend, 6jo 
 
 Was left undone by thee : thou didst fulfil 
 
 All rites of burial for Deiphobus. 
 
 My fate it \\a<, and her pernicious crime — 
 
 That Spartan — that immersed me in these woes. 
 
 'T was she who left these traces of herself. 635 
 
 For how in illusive pleasures that last night 
 
 Of Troy was passed too well thou canst recall, 
 
 When o'er the steep walls leapt the fatal horse, 
 
 Filled with armed men. Feigning a sacred dance, 
 
 She led the Phrv^ian women round about, 
 
 »v ith Bacchic cries and orgies, and herselt 
 
 Held a great torch, and from the citadel 
 
 Summoned the Greeks. Me, wearied out with cares, 
 
 And Mink in sleep, my unhappy chamber held. 
 
 Rest, sweet and deep, pressed on me as I lay, — 
 
 Deep as the calm of death. But she meanwhile, 
 
 My incomparable spouse, from out the house 
 
244 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 6;o 
 
 6< 
 
 55 
 
 Removed all weapons, and my faithful sword 
 Took from beneath my head, and summons in 
 Her Menelaus, and opes wide the doors; 
 Hoping, forsooth, to give her amorous lord 
 A prize of value, and to cancel thus 
 The infamy of all her old misdeeds. 
 Why need I linger? — Through my chamber door 
 They burst ; with them they bring iEolides, 
 The inciter of the crime. — Ye gods, pay back 
 Unto the Greeks such deeds, if I demand 
 With pious lips the punishment! But thou, — 
 Tell me what fortune brings thee here, alive? 
 Comest thou driven by wanderings o'er the seas, 
 Or by the mandate of the gods? What chance 
 Pursues thee, that to these sad sunless realms 
 Of turbid gloom thou com'st ? " While thus they talked, 
 Aurora's car had passed the middle arch 
 Of heaven ; and they perchance had lingered out 
 The allotted time. But with brief warning spoke 
 The Sibyl : " Night, ^Eneas, rushes on, 
 While we in lamentation spend the hours. 
 1 Here is the plac e where in t o two jlr vides 
 Our path : one leading to the right, beneath 
 
 670 
 
 660 
 
 665 
 
Book 1 1. 
 
 Into Elysium ; while the left way semis 
 
 The wicked to their punishment, an d leads 
 
 T>< Tartarus." Then said Deiphobus: — 
 
 "Great priestess, be not angry: I depart, 
 
 Aid will complete the number of the shades, 
 
 Returning to the darkness. Thou, our pride 
 
 And glory, pass, pass on, — to destinies 
 
 More bright than mine! " Saying this, he turned and ued. 
 
 6So 
 
 -^J Then suddenly /Eneas looking back, 
 Beneath a cliff upon the left beholds 
 A prison vast with triple ramparts girt, 
 Round which Tartarean Phlegethon, with surge 
 Of foaming torrents, raves, and thundering whirl 
 Of rocks. A gateway huge in front is seen, 685 
 
 With columns of the solid adamant. 
 No strength of man, or even of gods, avails 
 Against it. Rising in the air a tower 
 Of iron appears : there sits Tisiphone, 
 Tucked in her blood-stained robes, and night and day 
 (Guarding the entrance with her sleepless eye^-. 
 Groans from within were heard; the cruel lash, 
 Then clank of iron, and of dragging chains. 
 iEneas stopped, and listened to the din, 
 
246 The u#ineid. 
 
 Struck with dismay. "What forms of crime," he said, 
 " What punishments are these, O virgin, say ? 6 9 6 
 
 What wailings that assail the skies ? " 
 
 Then she : — 
 " O Trojan chief, pure souls can never pass 
 Those gates accursed. Yet when Hecate gave 
 To me the keeping of the Avernian groves, 700 
 
 Herself she showed me all these penalties 
 Divine, and led me through them all. Here 't is 
 That Rhadamanthus holds his sway severe; 
 He hears and punishes each secret fraud, 
 Forcing confession from the souls who once 7°s 
 
 Rejoicing in their self-deceiving guilt 
 Put off the atonement to the hour of death. 
 Armed with her whip, the avenging Fury comes 
 Scourging the guilty, with insulting taunts; 
 In her left hand she holds her angry snakes, 710 
 
 And calls her cruel sisters. Then at last 
 The accursed portals open wide, with noise 
 Of grating horror, on their hinges turned. 
 Seest thou what guard is seated at the gates ? 
 Within, a Hydra sits, more terrible, 7*5 
 
 With fifty yawning mouths immense and black. 
 Then Tartarus itself sheer downward opes, 
 
Book VL 2.} 7 
 
 And stretches through the darkness twice as far 
 As upward heaven's Olympian heights arc seen. 
 'T is there Earth's ancient race, the Titan brood, 
 Hurled down and blasted by the thunderbolts, 
 
 Roll in the lowest gulf. There have I seen 
 The twin sons of Aloeus, with their limbs 
 Immense, who strove the mighty heavens to spoil, 
 And from his realms supernal tear Jove down. 
 Sal m on eus too I saw in cruel pains, 
 For having dared to imitate the fires 
 Of Jove, and the Olympian thunder: him 
 Who, drawn by four steeds, brandishing a torch, 
 Drove through the streets of Elis, 'mid the crowd 73° 
 
 Of Greeks, exulting, claiming for himself 
 The honors of the gods. Madman ! to dream 
 That din of brass and trampling hoofs of steeds 
 Could counterfeit the inimitable crash 
 Of storms and thunder. But the Omnipotent 735 
 
 Amid the dense clouds hurled a blazing bolt 
 No torches his, nor smoky fires of pitch), 
 And in the tempest smote him headlong down. 
 Here too was Tityos seen, the foster-child 
 Of the all-nurturing Earth ; his body stretched 
 Across nine acres lies; a vulture huge 
 
248 The sE7teid. 
 
 With crooked beak upon his liver gnaws, 
 
 Which never dies, and entrails still alive 
 
 With pain, and feeds and dwells forever there 
 
 Beneath his heart ; nor finds he any rest, 74s 
 
 The fibres still renewed. Why need I name 
 
 Pirithoiis, Ixion, or the race 
 
 Of Lapitha? ? Or those above whose heads 
 
 A threatening rock seems ever about to fall, 
 
 Or falling? Sumptuous couches near them shine 75° 
 
 With feet of gold, and banquets rich are spread 
 
 In royal luxury. But beside them sits 
 
 The queen of Furies, and forbids to touch 
 
 The food^ and shrieking waves aloft her torch. 
 
 Here those who cherished hatred, during life, 755 
 
 Toward their brothers ; or who lifted hands 
 
 Of violence against their parents ; those 
 
 Who 'gainst their clients schemed and practised fraud; 
 
 Or those who brooded o'er their hoarded wealth, 
 
 Selfish and solitary, nor dispensed 760 
 
 A portion to their kin, — the largest crowd 
 
 These formed ; or those who for adulterous crimes 
 
 Were slain ; or fought in wars unjust, nor feared 
 
 To violate allegiance to their lords : 
 
 These all await their doom. Seek not to know 765 
 
Book ii. 249 
 
 What doom, or what the form of punishment 
 Allotted, into which they sink. Some roll 
 Enormous rocks, or on the spokes ot wheels 
 Hang stretched and bound. Unhappy Theseus there 
 
 Sits, and will sit forever. Phlegyas too, 77> 
 
 Most wretched, speaks to all with warning wor 
 And with a loud voice calls amid the gloom : — 
 'f'Take heed, learn justice, nor despise the gods,!' 
 Here one is seen, who for a golden hrihe 
 His country sold, and fixed a despot's throne; 77s 
 
 And for a price made laws, and then unmade : 
 There one who invaded his own daughter's bed 
 In a forbidden marriage. All had dared 
 Some dreadful crime, succeeding where they dared. 
 Not if I had a hundred tongues, a voice 78° 
 
 Of iron, could I tell thee all the forms 
 Of guilt, or number all their penalties." 
 
 So spoke the aged priestess. " But come now," 
 She cries, "let us resume our way with speed, 
 And finish the great task we have begun. 785 
 
 I see the walls by Cyclops' forges built ; 
 The gatew f av with its arch confronts our view, 
 Where by command we place our offering." 
 3^ 
 
2SO 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 She said; and through the paths obscure they stepped 
 Together, passed the midway space, and neared 
 The gate. iEneas at the entrance stands, 
 Fresh lustral water sprinkles o'er his limbs, 
 And hangs upon the door the golden bough. 
 
 79° 
 
 These rites performed, the gift the goddess asks 
 
 Being duly made, they reach the pleasant realms 
 
 Of verdant green, the blessed groves of peace. 
 
 A larger sky here robes with rosy light 
 
 The fields, lit by a sun and stars, their own. 
 
 Some on the grassy plots pursue their games 
 
 Of manly strength, and wrestle on the sand. 
 
 Some in the dance beat time, and chant their hymns. 
 
 The Thracian priest with loosely flowing robes 
 
 Responds in numbers to his seven-toned lyre, 
 
 And now with ringers, now with ivory quill, 
 
 He strikes the chords. Here dwells the ancient race 
 
 Of Teucer's line, a noble progeny, 
 
 The great-souled heroes born in better years, 
 
 II us, Assaracus, and Dardanus, 
 
 Who founded Troy. iEneas wondering sees 
 
 Their arms and shadowy chariots from afar, 
 
 The spears fixed in the ground, the horses loose 
 
 795 
 
 800 
 
 805 
 
 810 
 
Book a. 
 
 2; 1 
 
 Feeding about the fields. Whatever love 
 
 The living had tor chariots or for arms, 
 
 Or care of pasturing their shining steed-, 
 
 Goes with them, though their bodies lie entombed. 815 
 
 Others he sees upon the right and left 
 Feasting about the sward, while paeans glad 
 
 They sing in choral bands, amid a grove 
 
 Of fragrant laurel; whence Eridanus, 
 
 The abundant river, flowing from above, iao 
 
 Rolls through the woodlands. Here the bands are seen, 
 
 Of those who for their country fought and bled; 
 
 The chaste and holy priests ; the reverent bards 
 
 Whose words were worthy of Apollo; those 
 
 Who enriched life with rine inventive arts; i*$ 
 
 And all who by deserving deeds had made 
 
 Their names remembered. These wore garlands all 
 
 Of snowy white upon their brows, j To them, 
 
 Scattered in groups about, the Sibyl spoke; 
 
 And chiefly to Musasus; in the midst is« 
 
 He stood, and with his lofty shoulders towered 
 
 Above them all, admiring. "Happy souls," 
 
 She said, "and thou, O best of poets, say 
 
 What region and what spot Anchises makes 
 
 His home. For him we have come to seek, and crossed 
 
252 The Aineid. 
 
 The rivers wide of Erebus." Then answered 836 
 
 Briefly the noble bard : " No fixed abode 
 
 Is ours; we dwell amid the shady groves; 
 
 The river-banks our couches; — and we haunt 
 
 The meadows fresh with running rivulets. 840 
 
 But you, if such be your desire, pass o'er 
 
 This hill. I will point out an easy path." 
 
 He said ; and leading on, he from above 
 
 Showed them the shining fields. They from the top 
 
 Move downward on their way. 
 
 Anchises there, 845 
 
 Down in a valley green, was noting all 
 The souls shut in, destined one day to pass 
 Into the upper light, and rapt in thought 
 He mused thereon. It chanced, his future race 
 He was reviewing there, descendants dear, 850 
 
 And all their line, — their fates and fortunes all, — 
 Their characters, their future deeds, unborn. 
 He, when he saw iEneas o'er the grass 
 Coming to meet him, stretched his eager hands, 
 His cheeks bedewed with tears, and from his lips 8 5S 
 
 These accents fell : " And art thou come at last ? 
 That filial love I counted on so long, 
 Has it now overcome the arduous road ? 
 
Book ri. 253 
 
 My son, is 't granted me to sec thy face, 
 
 And hear thv well-known voice, and answer thee? 860 
 
 Thus in my mind I hoped and guessed, indeed, 
 
 And numbered o'er the intervening times. 
 
 Nor have my anxious wishes been deceived. 
 
 What lands, what seas thou hast traversed, O my son ! 
 
 Amid what dangers thou wert tossed about! 865 
 
 What harm from Lybian realms I feared for thee!" 
 
 ./Eneas then : " O father, many a time 
 
 Thy shade, thy sad-eyed shade, has met my gaze, 
 
 And urged me to this place to bend my steps. 
 
 Within the Tyrrhene sea my fleet is moored. 870 
 
 Grasp now my hand, my father, grasp my hand 
 
 In thine; withdraw not from thy son's embrace!" 
 
 So speaking, down his face the great tears streamed. 
 
 Thrice round his neck he strove to throw his arms; 
 
 And thrice the shadow flitted from his grasp, 
 
 And vanished like a winged dream away. 
 
 Meanwhile ./Eneas in a valley deep 
 Sees a secluded grove, with rustling leaves 
 And branches; there the river Lethe glides 
 Past many a tranquil home; and round about 
 Innumerable tribes and nations flit. 
 
254 The sEneid. 
 
 As in the meadows in the summer-time 
 
 The bees besiege the various flowers, and swarm 
 
 About the snow-white lilies ; and the field 
 
 Is filled with murmurings soft. The sudden view 8s 5 
 
 Startles him, and he asks what this may mean ; 
 
 What rivers those may be that flow beyond ; 
 
 And who this multitude that crowds the banks. 
 
 Anchises then replies: "These souls, by fate 
 
 Destined for other bodies, drink safe draughts 890 
 
 At Lethe's waters, and o blivio n-deep 
 
 And lasting. Long_s ince have I wished, in tru th, 
 
 To speak of them to thee, and show thee all 
 
 This line of my descendants, so thou mayst 
 
 Rejoice with me, now Italy is reached." 8 95 
 
 "O father, can we think that from this place 
 
 Any exalted souls to upper skies 
 
 Return to enter sluggish frames again ? 
 
 Why so intensely do these hapless ones 
 
 Long for the light ? " " My son," Anchises said, 9°° 
 
 " No further will I hold thee in suspense, 
 
 But tell thee all." Then thus in order due 
 
 He to his mind unfolds each mystery : — 
 
 "Know first, the heavens, the earth, the flowing sea, 
 
 
Book ii. 
 
 ?55 
 
 The moon's bright globe, and the Titanian stars 
 By onejjjterior s pirit are sustained : 
 Thrjguj^i_alljth eir mem bers interfused, a mind 
 Quickens the mas s entire , , and min gliriLr stir s 
 
 The mighty_ jhame». The nce springs the life of m en, 
 
 And grazing flocks, and Hying birds, and all 
 
 The strange shapes in the deep and shining sea. 
 
 A fiery vigor animates these germs, 
 
 And a celestial origin, so far 
 
 As our gross bodies clog them not, nor weight 
 
 Of perishable limbs impedes the soul. 
 
 Hence they desire and fear, rejoice and grieve; 
 
 And, shut in prisons dark, they look not back 
 
 Upon the skies. Nor e'en when life's last ray 
 
 Has fled, does every ill depart, nor all 
 
 Corporeal taints quite leave their unhappy frames. 
 
 And needs must be that many a hardened fault 
 
 Inheres in wondrous ways.// Therefore the pains 
 
 Of ^unishr qej^-Ui£y-_uiidergOt for sins 
 
 Of former times. Some in the winds are h ung 
 
 Suspended and exposed. Others beneath 
 
 A waste of waters from their guilt are cleansed, 
 
 Or purifie d by fire. We all endure 
 
 Our ghostly retribution. Thence, a few 
 
 
 910 
 
 9'5 
 
 910 
 
 9*5 
 
256 The ^Eneid. 
 
 Attain the free Elysium's happy fields, 
 
 Till Time's great cycle of long years complete, 9?° 
 
 Clears the fixed taint, and leaves the ethereal sense 
 
 Pure, a bright flame of unmixed heavenly air. 
 
 All these, when for a thousand years the wheel 
 
 Of fate has turned, the Deity calls forth 
 
 To Lethe's stream, a mighty multitude; 93s 
 
 That they, forgetful of the past, may see 
 
 Once more the vaulted sky, and may begin 
 
 To wish return into corporeal frames." 
 
 Thus spoke Anchises; and leads on his son, 
 
 Together with the Sibyl, through the throng 940 
 
 Of murmuring spirits. On a rising ground 
 
 He stands, whence, opposite, in long array, 
 
 He may discern each face as it approached. 
 
 " Hear now what fame henceforward shall attend 
 
 The Dardan race, and what posterity 94s 
 
 From Italy shall come, illustrious souls, 
 
 And who they are succeeding to our name ; 
 
 This will I show, and thy own fates foretell. 
 
 Seest thou that youth who on a headless spear 
 
 Is leaning? Nearest to the light he stands. 95° 
 
 By^ f ate ; the firs t to ascend to upper air . 
 
Book ri. 257 
 
 Born oi Italian blood commixed with ours, 
 
 Thy last-born child, Silvius, an Alban name, 
 
 Whom to thee late in life Lavinia 
 
 Thy spouse shall bear, amid the sylvan shades; 95s 
 
 A king, and parent too oi kings, — from whom 
 
 Our race shall rule in Alba Longa. Next 
 
 Comes Procas, glory of the Trojan race; 
 
 And Capys next, and Numitor, and he, 
 
 Silvius ./Eneas, who restores thy name, 960 
 
 In piety and arms alike renowned, 
 
 If e'er he reigns o'er Alba. See, what youths! 
 
 What strength they show! But they whose brows are 
 
 shaded 
 With civic oak, those shall for thee build up 
 Xomentum, Gabii, and Fidena's walls; 9 6 5 
 
 These found Collatia's mountain citadels, 
 Pometia, and the camp of Inuus, 
 Bela, and Cora ; so they shall be called, 
 Now land s without a name. »Then next appears 
 Mavortian Romulus, who joins the cause 970 
 
 Of his grandsire, — the son of Ilia, born 
 Of Trojan blood. Seest thou the double crest 
 Upon his head, the sign his father gives 
 Of his celestial destiny ? Behold, 
 
 33 
 
258 The Aineid. 
 
 My son, beneath his auspices shall Rome 975 
 
 Match her great empire with the expanse of earth, 
 
 Her genius with Olympian heights. Alone 
 
 She will engird her seven hills with a wall, 
 
 Blest with a progeny of valiant men. 
 
 So doth the Berecynthian Mother ride 9S0 
 
 Upon her car through Phrygian cities, crowned 
 
 With turrets, joyful in the birth of gods, 
 
 Circling a hundred grandsons with her arms, 
 
 All gods, all tenants of the upper realms. 
 
 990 
 
 Now turn thine eyes, and look upon this race, 9 8 s 
 
 Thy Romans. This is Caesar, this the line 
 Born of lulus, destined to appear 
 Beneath the arch of heaven. This, this is he, 
 Whom thou hast heard foretold and promised oft, 
 Augustus Caesar, of a race divine. 
 The golden age in Latium he shall bring 
 Again, to fields where Saturn reigned of old. 
 O'er Garamantian climes and realms of Ind 
 His empire shall extend. Beyond the stars 
 His land shall reach, beyond the solar ways, 
 Where heaven-bearing Atlas on his shoulder turns 
 The constellated axis of the sky. 
 
 S95 
 
Book VL 
 
 n now, before his coming, the far realms 
 {)( Caspia and Maeotia shuddering hear 
 
 The oracles divine, and Nile's seven mouths 1000 
 
 Are troubled. Nor indeed did Here;, 
 
 Traverse siieh lengths of land, although he chased 
 
 Ami pierced the brazen-footed hind, and calmed 
 
 The Erymanthian woods, and Lerna quailed 
 
 Before his deadly how. Nor farther rode 
 
 Bacchus in victory, who from the top 
 
 OF Nysa urged his tigers and his car, 
 
 I lis reins with vine-leaves wreathed. And shall we doubt 
 
 To extend our glory by our deeds ? or fear 
 
 To "plant ourselves upon the Ausonian land? ioio 
 
 " But who is he, far off, with olive crown 
 
 Distinguished, bearing in his hands the signs 
 
 Of priesthood ? Now I can discern the locks 
 
 And hoary beard of him, the Roman king 
 
 Who first shall give the city 'stablished laws, 
 
 From Cures' petty state and humble land 
 
 Sent to a mighty empire. Next comes he, — 
 
 Disturber of his country's long repose, 
 
 Tullus, who shall arouse to warlike deeds 
 
 His slothful subjects, and the troops unused i 
 
. 260 The ^Eneid. 
 
 To triumphs. Following him, comes boastful Ancus, 
 
 E'en now too glad to court the crowd's applause. 
 
 And wouldst thou look upon the Tarquin kings, 
 
 And the avenger Brutus' haughty soul, 
 
 And the recovered fasces? He the first, 1025 
 
 The rights of consular command shall take, 
 
 And the relentless axe and rods assume;.. 
 
 And his own sons conspiring in fresh wars, 
 
 He, for their treason to fair liberty, 
 
 Shall summon to their death ; unhappy sire! 1030 
 
 However after times shall view these deeds, 
 
 His love of country and his large desire 
 
 Of praise shall conquer. At a distance now 
 
 The Decii come, and Drusus and his line; 
 
 And stern Torquatus with his axe, behold ; 1035 
 
 Camillus too, the standards bearing back. 
 
 But those who shining now in equal arms 
 
 Thou seest, accordant souls, while in these shades 
 
 They dwell, — alas, what wars between the two, 
 
 Should they attain to life, — what carnage dire! 1040 
 
 The father-in-law descending from the Alps 
 
 And from Moncecus' tower; the son-in-law 
 
 Furnished with forces from the Eastern lands, 
 
 Opposing comes. O sons, indulge not minds 
 
Book //. 
 
 I' >r wars like these, nor 'gainst your country's life 104s 
 
 Direct Mich valor; ami thou first forbear, — 
 
 Thou who thy lineage from Olympus hast — 
 
 My own blood, — cast the weapons from thy hand I 
 
 i)nc up the lofty Capitol shall drive 
 
 His car in triumph from Corinthian wars 1050 
 
 Ami Grecians slain; the other shall o'erthrow 
 
 Mycenae, pride of Agamemnon's race, 
 
 And e'en /Eacides himself, a son 
 
 Of great Achilles' line, avenging thus 
 
 His Trojan sires, and Pallas' shrines profaned. 1055 
 
 M Who, mighty Cato, leaves thy name unsaid ; 
 Or thee, O Cossus ? Who the Gracchi slights ? 
 Or the two Scipios, thunderbolts of war, 
 And Lybia's scourge ? Fabricius, powerful 
 With slender means? Serranus, bending o'er 1060 
 
 His turrow ? ,And ye Fabii, say how far 
 W ill ye transport my weary feet ? Thou art 
 Our Maximus, who alone restor'st to us 
 Our fortunes by delay. Others, I ween, 
 Shall mould, more delicately, forms of bronze, 1065 
 
 Lifelike, and shape the human face in stone; 
 Plead causefi with more skill, describe the paths 
 Of heavenly orbs, and note the rising stars. 
 
262 The Aineid. 
 
 But thou, O Roman, bend thy mind to rule 
 
 With strength thy people. This shall be thy art ; 1070 
 
 And to impose the terms and rules of peace; 
 
 To spare the vanquished, and subdue the proud." 
 
 So spoke Anchises, while they wondering stood ; 
 And then resumes: "See where Marcellus moves, 
 Glorious with his triumphal spoils, and towers 1075 
 
 O'er all, a victor. He the Roman state 
 Shall keep from tottering, in tumultuous days. 
 He, armed and horsed, shall overthrow the power 
 . Of Carthaginia and rebellious Gaul ; 
 And the third captured trophy shall hang up, 1080 
 
 An offering to his father Romulus." 
 
 But here i^Eneas spoke: for now he saw 
 
 Beside the hero, clad in glittering arms, 
 
 A youth in form and face exceeding fair ; 
 
 But sad his brow, with joyless eyes cast down ; — ic8 S 
 
 " O father, who is he who there attends 
 
 The hero's steps ? His son, or some one else 
 
 Of his illustrious line descended? Hark, 
 
 What murmuring sounds surround him as he moves! 
 
 How noble is his mien! But gloomy Night 1090 
 
Book ri. 263 
 
 With shadows sad is hovering round his head." 
 To whom Anchises, weeping floods of tears, 
 
 Made answer: "O my son, seek not to know 
 
 The heavy sorrows of thy race! This youth 
 
 The Fates will only show a little while > 
 
 Oil earth, nor will permit a longer stay. 
 
 Too potent would the Roman race have seemed 
 
 To you, ye gods, had such gifts been our own. 
 
 What groans of heroes from that field shall rise, 
 
 Near Mars, his mighty city! or what gloom noo 
 
 Of funeral pomp shalt thou, O Tiber, see, 
 
 When gliding by his new-raised mound of death ! 
 
 No youth of Ilian race shall ever lift 
 
 To such great heights of hope the Latian sires; 
 
 Nor Rome shall boast henceforth so dear a child. 1105 
 
 Alas for virtue and the ancient faith ! 
 
 Alas, the strong hands unsubdued in war! 
 
 No enemy could ever have opposed 
 
 His sword unscathed, whether on foot he charged, 
 
 Or spurred his foaming steed against the foe. mo 
 
 Ah, dear lamented boy, canst thou but break 
 
 The stern decrees of fate, then wilt thou be 
 
 Our own Marcellus! — Give me lilies, brought 
 
 In heaping handfuls. Let me scatter here 
 
264 The Aineid. 
 
 Dark purple flowers ; these offerings at least "■; 
 
 To my descendant's shade I fain would pay, 
 Though now, alas, an unavailing rite." 
 
 Through the whole region thus they roam along 
 
 Amid wide fields of unsubstantial air, 
 
 Surveying all. And when Anchises thus n*° 
 
 Had led his son through each, and had inflamed 
 
 His mind with strong desire of future fame, 
 
 He tells him of the wars that would be waged ; 
 
 The city of Latinus, and the lands 
 
 Of the Laurentian tribes; and how to bear, "25 
 
 How shun, the hardships of his future lot. 
 
 Sleep hath two gates : one; said to be of horn, 
 
 To real visions easy exit gives; 
 
 The other, of white polished ivory, 
 
 Through which the Manes send false dreams to earth. 
 
 Anchises, having thus addressed his son, 113 1 
 
 Together with the Sibyl, leads them on, 
 
 And through the ivory gate dismisses them. 
 
 Back to his ships the chief pursues his way; 
 
 Again beholds his comrades; then sets sail "35 
 
 Toward Caieta's port. The anchors now 
 
 Hang from the prows : the sterns stand on the beach. 
 
BOOK VII. 
 
 r I "IIOU also to our shores, ^Eneas' nurse, 
 
 Caieta, dying, gav'st eternal fame; 
 And still even now thy honored memory keeps 
 Its fixed abode; thy name still marks the spot 
 Where great Hesperia wraps thy bones, — if aught s 
 
 Ox glory that may be. ,/Eneas now, 
 All obsequies performed, the funeral mound 
 Heaped up, when seas grew calm, sets sail and leaves 
 The port. As night comes on, the breeze blows fresh, 
 N >r does the clear white Moon oppose his course, 10 
 
 Flashing with tremulous splendor on the sea. 
 
 They skirt the nearest shores to Circe's land, 
 Where she, the sumptuous daughter of the Sun, 
 Fills her secluded forests with the sounds 
 Of her assiduous singing, while within is 
 
 Her palace proud the fragrant cedar burns, 
 Her nightly torch; and through her gauzy web 
 34 
 
266 The ALneid. 
 
 The whistling shuttle runs. Here, late at night, 
 
 The roar of angry lions in the dark 
 
 Chafing against their prison bars, was heard ; to 
 
 And bristly boars and raging bears, pent up, 
 
 And howling wolves of size immense. All these, 
 
 From human shapes, by means of potent herbs, 
 
 The cruel goddess Circe had transformed 
 
 To faces and to bodies of wild beasts. 25 
 
 Then, lest the pious Trojans should endure 
 
 Such monstrous fate, when brought into the port, 
 
 Nor touch a coast so dreadful, Neptune filled 
 
 Their sails with favoring winds, to aid their flight, 
 
 And wafted them beyond the boiling shoals. 30 
 
 The sea was flushing in the morning's rays, 
 
 And from the ethereal heights Aurora's car 
 
 With rose and saffron gleamed ; when suddenly 
 
 The winds were stilled, and every breath of air, 
 
 And the oars struggled through the sluggish sea. 35 
 
 And here ^neas from the deep descries 
 
 A spacious grove. Through this the Tiber pours 
 
 His smiling waves along, with rapid whirls, 
 
 And yellow sand, and bursts into the sea. 
 
 And all around and overhead were birds 40 
 
Book in. 267 
 
 Of various hues, accustomed to the banks 
 And river-bed ; from tree to tree they flew, 
 Soothing the air with songs. Then to the land 
 
 lie bids the crews direct the vessels' prows, 
 
 And joyfully the shadowy river gains. 45 
 
 Come now, O Erato, while I relate 
 
 Who were the kings, what posture of affairs, 
 
 And what the state of ancient Latium was, 
 
 When first the stranger army brought the fleet 
 
 To the Ausonian shores ; and the first feuds s 3 
 
 Recall. Thou, goddess, now instruct thy bard. 
 
 Of direful wars and battles I shall sing ; 
 
 Of kings by anger spurred to bloody'deaths ; 
 
 And of the Tuscan warriors, and of all 
 
 Hesperia roused to arms. A loftier range 55 
 
 Of great events, a weightier task is mine. 
 
 Latin us, now an aged king, was reigning 
 
 With long and peaceful sway, o'er fields and towns; 
 
 Said to be born of Faunus and the nymph 
 
 Laurentian, Marica. Faunus' sire 
 
 Was Picus, who from Saturn traced his birth, 
 
268 * The Aineid. 
 
 Remotest author of his race. No son 
 
 Was his, so fate decreed. In early youth, 
 
 Just budding into life, this progeny 
 
 Was snatched away. One daughter only kept 6 5 
 
 His line alive, heir to his ample realms; 
 
 Mature for marriage now, in maiden bloom. 
 
 From Latium and from all the Ausonian lands 
 
 Many had sought her ; comelier far than all, 
 
 Turnus, for noble ancestors renowned.; 70 
 
 Whom the queen sought with zealous love to make 
 
 Her son-in-law ; but portents of the gods, 
 
 With various omens of great dread, opposed. 
 
 Deeply secluded in the palace court 
 There stood a laurel-tree with sacred crest, 75 
 
 Preserved for many a year with pious awe, 
 Found, it was said, when first Latinus built 
 His citadels, and consecrated then 
 To Phoebus; whence the inhabitants derived 
 Their name Laurentes. To its top — strange sight — 
 There flew a dense and sudden swarm of bees 
 With loud and humming noise across the air, 
 And, clinging each to each, hung from the boughs. 
 " A foreign hero comes," the seer exclaimed ; 
 " A host from yon same quarter whence these bees, 
 
 So 
 
Book I'll. 
 And seeking the same place, whence they will rule 
 
 Our topmost citadel." 
 
 Then u beside 
 Her sire the maid Lavinia, standing, feeds 
 
 The altars with the consecrated brands, — 
 
 Dread omen, her long tresses seemed to catch 90 
 
 The Maze, and all her robes with crackling tlamcs 
 
 To kindle, through her regal hair, and crown 
 
 Splendid with jewels, — then involved in smoke 
 
 And glare to spread the fire through all the house. 
 
 A terrible and wondrous sight 't was deemed ; 9s 
 
 For she herself, they prophesied, would prove 
 
 Illustrious in her fame and in her fates, 
 
 While to the people it portended war. 
 
 Alarmed at prodigies like these, the king 
 
 To the oracle of his prophetic sire »°o 
 
 Faunus repairs, and there consults the groves 
 
 That lie below the deep Alhunea, 
 
 W hich, greatest of the forest streams, resounds 
 
 W ith sacred fountain, darkly hid, and breathes 
 
 Mephitic fumes. Hither the Italian tribes 1 
 
 And all the CEnotrian land responses seek 
 
 Amid their doubts; here, when the priest has brought 
 
270 The Aineid. 
 
 His offerings, and beneath the silent night 
 
 On woolly skins of sheep reclined, hath sought 
 
 For sleep, he many a wondrous phantasm sees "° 
 
 Flitting about, and many a voice he hears, 
 
 And talks with shapes divine, and converse holds 
 
 With Acheron, in the deep Avernian shades. 
 
 And here the sire Latinus, when he seeks 
 
 An answer, slays a hundred fleecy lambs, "5 
 
 And on their wool lies stretched. Sudden, a voice 
 
 From the deep grove he hears : " O son, seek not 
 
 To wed thy daughter to a Latian prince, 
 
 Nor trust in bridal chambers all prepared. 
 
 A foreigner comes, thy future son-in-law, no 
 
 Whose blood shall lift our name unto the stars; 
 
 Whose progeny shall see beneath their feet 
 
 All lands subdued and governed, wheresoe'er 
 
 The ocean greets the risen or setting sun." 
 
 These answers of his sire, and warnings given 1*5 
 
 In the still night, Latinus does not hide; 
 
 But Rumor now flying far and wide around 
 
 Among the Ausonian cities bore the words, 
 
 When to the Tiber's grassy river-bank 
 
 The sons of Troy had moored their fleet. 
 
 And now no 
 
B i ' k i u. 
 
 Tnc.i>, fair lulus, and tlu- chie 
 Under the branches of a tall tree Btretched 
 Their limbs, arranged the banquet, and beneath 
 Their viands, on the grass, placed wheaten cal 
 1 >ve so disposed their thought), and on this 1 
 Ceres' gifts, wild fruits were heaped. It chanci 
 All else being eaten, here their scant supply 
 Forced them upon their slender biscuit store 
 To turn their appetites, and violate 
 
 With daring hand and hungry tooth the di 140 
 
 Of fated bread, nor spare their ample squares. 
 "What! are we eating up our tables too?" 
 lulus cried, nor further led the jest. 
 That word dispelled their cares. His father caught 
 The meaning from the speaker's lips, amazed >45 
 
 At its divine significance, and mused 
 Awhile thereon; then suddenly exclaimed: — 
 " Hail, land for me predestined by the fates! 
 And you, ye true Penates of our Troy, 
 Hail ! Here our home, and here our country li( 
 For now I do recall to mind, my sire 
 Anchises told this secret of the fates: 
 'When, O my son, driven upon unknown shoi 
 Your food exhausted, ye are forced to eat 
 
272 The u^ELneid. 
 
 Your tables in your hunger, weary and worn, 15s 
 
 Remember then to hope a steadfast home, 
 
 And found your walls, and build a rampart round.' 
 
 This was that hunger; this remained, the last, 
 
 Ending our sufferings. Come then, and blithe 
 
 Of heart, soon as to-morrow's sun shall rise, 160 
 
 Let us find out by different ways what men 
 
 Inhabit here, and where their cities stand. 
 
 Now pour your cups to Jove, and call upon 
 
 Anchises, and replace the festal wine." 
 
 Thus having spoken, with a leafy branch 165 
 
 He wreathes his brows, the Genius of the place 
 
 Invokes, and Tellus, first of gods, — the Nymphs 
 
 And Rivers yet unknown ; then Night, and all 
 
 Night's orient stars, Idasan Jove, and next 
 
 The Phrygian Mother, and his parents twain 170 
 
 In heaven, and in the shades of Erebus. 
 
 Here the Omnipotent Father in the heights 
 
 Thrice thundered, and displayed a cloud that burned 
 
 With light and gold, and waved it in his hand 
 
 Before them. Suddenly the rumor spread 175 
 
 Among the Trojan bands, that now the day 
 
 Had come when they should found their destined walls. 
 
Book i u. 273 
 
 With emulation they renew the feast, 
 
 Rejoicing in the mighty (.mien given, 
 
 And set the bowls, and crown the wine with flowers. 18° 
 
 Soon as the early morning lit the earth, 
 The city and the confines and the coast 
 By different ways they explore, discovering here 
 The waters of Numicius' spring, and here 
 The river Tiber, and the towns where dwelt 18s 
 
 The hardy Latins. Then y£neas sends 
 A hundred envoys, chosen from all ranks, 
 To the king's city, — bearing in their hands 
 Branches of Pallas' olive-tree, enwreathed 
 With fillets, — charged with gifts, and overtures 19° 
 
 Of peace. Without delay they haste to do 
 Their errand, with Meet steps; while he himself 
 Marks out a rude trench where a wall shall be, 
 And builds upon the spot, and girds about 
 His first seat on these shores, with palisade 195 
 
 And rampart, in the fashion of a camp. 
 
 And now, their journey o'er, the warriors see 
 The Latins' lofty houses and their towers, 
 And pass beneath the wall. Before the gates 
 35 
 
274 The sEneid. 
 
 Were boys and youths in the first flower of life, 200 
 
 Riding their steeds, or taming them to draw 
 
 The chariot on the dusty course ; and some 
 
 Were bending the stout bow, or hurling spears, 
 
 Or challenging each other to the race 
 
 Or cestus : when a mounted messenger 205 
 
 Appears, who to the aged king brings word 
 
 That men of mighty stature and strange garb 
 
 Approach. The king commands them to be called 
 
 Into his palace, and there takes his seat 
 
 On his ancestral throne. 
 
 An edifice no 
 
 Of stately form and spacious size there stood, 
 Upon the city's summit, lifting up 
 A hundred columns, once the royal seat 
 Of Picus, shadowed round with solemn trees, 
 And the religion of ancestral times. 215 
 
 Here, to receive the sceptre and to raise 
 The first signs of their royal sway, was deemed 
 By kings an omen that betokened good. 
 This was their senate house; here sacred feasts 
 Were held, when, having sacrificed a ram, "° 
 
 The fathers at the extended tables sat. 
 Here statues of their ancestors were ranged, 
 
Book ni. 275 
 
 Of ancient cedar carved ; here [talus, 
 
 Father Sabinus, planter o\' the vine, 
 
 With crooked pruning-knife, ami Saturn old, us 
 
 And fan us, double-faced, — all stood within 
 The vestibule; and other kings of old, 
 
 Who, fighting for their country, suffered wounds. 
 
 And here, upon the sacred pillars hung 
 
 Armor and captive chariots, and the keen 
 
 Curved battle-axe, and flowing helmet-crests, 
 
 And mighty bars of city gates, and spears 
 
 And shields, and beaks of ships, torn off". 
 
 Here too, his augur's wand held in his hand, 
 
 And girt with scanty garment of the seer, »3S 
 
 A shield upon his arm, Picus himself, 
 
 Tamer of horses, sat ; whom Circe once, 
 
 Enamored, changed, with touch of golden wand 
 
 And charms of magic herbs, into a bird, 
 
 And sprinkled colors on his wings. 
 
 Within mo 
 
 This sacred place Latinus takes his seat 
 On his forefathers' throne, and summons in 
 The Trojans ; and they, having entered, thus 
 W ith tranquil mien he speaks: "Say, Dardan chiefs, 
 For you to us are not unknown, — your race, 
 
276 The JEneid. 
 
 Your city, and your voyage o'er the deep, — 
 
 What seek ye here? What cause, what urgent need 
 
 Across such breadths of azure seas has borne 
 
 Your ships, and brought you to the Ausonian shores? 
 
 If by some error in your course, or driven *5 3 
 
 By tempests, such as sailors oft endure 
 
 Upon the ocean, ye have entered here 
 
 Our river-banks, to settle in our ports, 
 
 Then do not shun our hospitality, 
 
 But know the Latins to be Saturn's race, »ss 
 
 Not by constraint of bonds or laws kept just, 
 
 But in the fashion of the ancient god 
 
 Holding their faith and honor by free will. 
 
 And I indeed a legend do recall 
 
 To mind, obscured somewhat by lapse of years, 260 
 
 Told by Auruncans old, that from these lands 
 
 Came Dardanus, and the Ida?an cities reached 
 
 Of Phrygia, and the Thracian Samos, now 
 
 Called Samothrace. He, leaving Corythus, 
 
 Now in the starry courts of heaven is throned, ^5 
 
 And adds another altar to the gods." 
 
 He said ; and Tlioneus thus replied : — 
 " O king, of Faunus the illustrious son, 
 
Book in. 277 
 
 We conic not to your shores bv tempests driven, 
 \ >r from our cour.se direct has any star *7<> 
 
 Nor any coast misled us. Wc have all, 
 With purpose fixed, and of our Own free will, 
 Come to your city, driven out from realms 
 The mightiest once the sun in all his course 
 Beheld. From Jove our origin ; in Jove 275 
 
 Their ancestor the Dardan youth rejoice. 
 Our king himself, Trojan ^neas, born 
 Of that high race, has sent us to your gates. 
 How great a storm, outpoured by ruthless Greeks 
 On the Idaean plains, — by what fates driven, *so 
 
 Europe and Asia clashed, e'en he has heard 
 It such there be) who in the extremest lands 
 Ot earth, by circling ocean sundered far 
 From all his kind, or in the midmost heats 
 Or scorching suns, is shut from other zones. **s 
 
 Swept by that deluge over seas so vast, 
 Some small abode for our country's gods we ask, 
 Some inoffensive shore, and what stands free 
 To all, the waves and air. We shall not bring 
 Dishonor to your realm; nor lightly esteemed »9° 
 
 Shall be your fame, nor for such favor done 
 Our grateful feelings ever be erraced. 
 
278 The sEneid. 
 
 Nor shall the Ausonians ever grieve that Troy 
 
 Was taken to their lap. By iEneas' fates 
 
 I swear, and by his strong right hand, in faith 29s 
 
 Of friendship, and in arms alike approved, — 
 
 Many a nation (nay, despise us not 
 
 That thus of our free will, with suppliant speech, • 
 
 We come bearing these fillets in our hands) 
 
 Has sought to join us to itself; but fate 3°° 
 
 Divine commanded us to seek these lands 
 
 Of yours. Here Dardanus was born, and here 
 
 Apollo calls us back with urgent voice 
 
 To Tuscan Tiber and the sacred wave 
 
 Of the Numician fount. Gifts too we bring, 3°s 
 
 Small remnants of our former fortunes, snatched 
 
 From burning Troy. Out of this golden bowl 
 
 My sire Anchises poured the sacred wine. 
 
 And these were Priam's, when he sat, and gave 
 
 The assembled people laws; this sceptre^ his, 3 10 
 
 And this tiara; and these robes were wrought 
 
 By Trojan women." 
 
 While he spoke, the king 
 Sat motionless, his looks fixed on the ground, 
 And rolled his eyes in thought. Nor broidery 
 Of purple wrought, nor Priam's sceptre moved vs 
 
Book in. 27 1 
 
 The monarch, as the marriage of his child 
 Absorbs his mind, revolving in his breast 
 
 The oracle of Faun us : — this is he, 
 Come from a foreign land, by fates foretold 
 
 To be his son-in-law, and called to rule 310 
 
 The realm with auspices that equalled his ; 
 
 Whose future race for valorous deeds renowned, 
 
 Should bv its prowess dominate the world. 
 
 At length with joy he speaks : " May the great gods 
 
 Speed their own augury and our design ! 3*5 
 
 Trojan, we grant what thou dost ask, nor spurn 
 
 Thy gifts. While I am king, you shall not want 
 
 A fertile soil, or wealth like that of Troy. 
 
 But let ./Eneas come himself, if such 
 
 Desire be his to ally himself with us ; 33° 
 
 Let him not shun our friendly countenance. 
 
 Part of our peaceful league 't will be to have touched 
 
 Your king's right hand. Now bear this message back 
 
 To him : I have a daughter, whom to unite 
 
 In marriage with a prince of our own race, 335 
 
 The fateful voices from my father's shrine 
 
 And many a warning sign from heaven forbid. 
 
 From foreign shores a son-in-law should come 
 
 (This fate, they say, for Latium is in store), 
 
280 The Aineid. 
 
 Who, mingling race with ours, shall lift our name 340 
 
 To starry heights. That this is he the fates 
 Require, I must believe ; and if my mind 
 Foreshadows aught of truth, him I desire." 
 
 He said ; and to each Trojan gives a steed 
 
 (Within his royal stalls three hundred stood, 34s 
 
 With glossy skins) ; to every one in turn 
 
 A swift wing-footed courser overspread 
 
 With housings of embroidered purple cloth; 
 
 And golden chains are hung upon their breasts ; 
 
 And, decked with gold, on golden bits they champ. 35° 
 
 A chariot to the absent prince he gives, 
 
 Also a pair of harnessed steeds of blood 
 
 Ethereal, from their nostrils breathing flame, — 
 
 Born of that spurious race which Circe bred 
 
 By stealth, without the knowledge of her sire. 35s 
 
 With gifts and words like these, the sons of Troy 
 
 Upon their steeds return with peaceful news. 
 
 But lo, relentless Juno, journeying now 
 
 Back from Inachian Argos in her car 
 
 Borne through the fields of air, from distant heights 360 
 
 Looks from Sicilian Pachynus down, 
 
Book ru. 
 
 And sees .Tineas joyous, and his fleet. 
 
 There at his walls he plans, and trusts the soil, 
 
 And leaves his ships. With sharp grief pierced, she Stood , 
 
 Then shook her head, and hitter words outpoured: - — 
 
 "Ah, hated race! Ah, Phrygian fates that ci 
 
 And baffle ours ! And so they did not fall 
 
 On the Sigean plains, nor captive met 
 
 The captive's doom, nor burned with burning Troy, 
 
 But found their way through battle and through flames. 
 
 My power, forsooth, at length exhausted lies; i?« 
 
 Or I have rested, satiate, from my hate ! 
 
 And yet I dared to chase them through the deep, 
 
 These exiles from their land, opposing them 
 
 O'er all the sea, the forces of the sky 3:5 
 
 And waves consumed in vain. Of what avail 
 
 To me the Syrtes, — Scylla, — what the vast 
 
 Charyhdis? In the harbor they desired, 
 
 The Tiber hides them, careless o( the sea 
 
 And me. Yet Mars was able to destroy 3 So 
 
 The Lapitruu's gigantic race: the sire 
 
 Of gods himself yielded to Dian's wrath 
 
 The ancient Calydon. What punishment 
 
 So great did Calydon or Lapithae 
 
 Deserve ? But I, the royal spouse of Jove, 
 
 36 
 
 
282 The sEneid. 
 
 Who, wretched, could endure to leave untried 
 
 No plan, attempting all, am overcome 
 
 By iEneas. But if not enough my power, 
 
 I shall not pause to ask what aid I may. 
 
 And if I cannot bend the gods above, 39° 
 
 Then Acheron I '11 move. What though his course 
 
 Into his Latian realms I cannot bar, 
 
 And by unalterable fate he takes 
 
 Lavinia for his wife ? Yet I may oppose 
 
 Delay thereto, and hindrance; yea, destroy 395 
 
 The people of both kings. So at this price 
 
 Of lives let son-in-law and father form 
 
 Alliance. With the blood of Rutuli 
 
 And Trojans, thou, O virgin, shalt be dowered. 
 
 Bellona at thy nuptials shall attend. J 40° 
 
 Not Hecuba alone conceived and bore 
 
 The hymeneal torch, — but Venus too 
 
 Shall see her son another Paris prove, 
 
 And a new firebrand light another Troy ! " 
 
 Thus having said, the dreadful deity 4°s 
 
 Flies earthward. From the infernal shadows forth 
 She summons dark Allecto from the cells 
 Of her dire sisters ; in whose bosom burn 
 Fell war, and wrath, and treachery, and crimes, — 
 
Book in. 283 
 
 A monster, hated by her sire himself) •*■ 
 
 Pluto, and hated by her sister fiends ; 
 Into so many direful shapes she turns, 
 
 From her dark head SO many vipers sprout. 
 
 Whom Juno stimulates with words like these : — 
 
 "Grant me, O virgin daughter of the Night, 
 
 This service, thy peculiar task, lest now 
 
 Our honor and our broken fame give way, 
 
 And Trojan craft succeed to circumvent 
 
 Latinus with this marriage, or obtain 
 
 Possession of the lands of Italy. 
 
 Thou canst array in battle kindred souls 
 
 Of brothers, and embroil the peace of homes 
 
 In bitter hate ; and in their households bring 
 
 Scourges and funeral torches. Unto thee 
 
 A thousand names belong, a thousand ways 4:5 
 
 Of harm. Ransack thy teeming bosom. Break 
 
 This formed alliance. Sow the seeds of strife; 
 
 And let the youthful warriors with one will 
 
 Demand and seize their weapons for the war!" 
 
 Forthwith, in fell Gorgonian venom steeped, 4 
 
 Allecto seeks the realms and lofty halls 
 Of the Laurentian king, and lays her siege 
 
284 The ALiteid. 
 
 Before Amata's silent chamber door ; 
 
 Who, brooding o'er the coming of these guests 
 
 From Troy, and Turnus' baffled nuptials, sits, 435 
 
 Burning with woman's rage and restless cares. 
 
 At her the goddess flings a serpent plucked 
 
 Out of her dark-blue hairs, and thrusts it through 
 
 The inmost heart and bosom of the queen, 
 
 That, wrought to fury by the monster, she 440 
 
 May embroil the household. In the serpent glides 
 
 Unfelt, illusive, 'twixt her robe and breast, 
 
 With viperous breath ; about her neck becomes 
 
 A golden collar, forms the fillet round 
 
 Her head, with drooping length, and binds her hair, 4+5 
 
 And slips around her limbs. So while the first 
 
 Contagion with its humid poison glides, 
 
 Encroaching on each sense, and wreathes her limbs 
 
 With fire, — nor yet the flame is wholly felt 
 
 Through all her breast, — gently, the mother's way, 450 
 
 She speaks, weeping upon her daughter's fate 
 
 And Phrygian nuptials: "Shall Lavinia then, 
 
 O father, be a Trojan exile's bride ? 
 
 No pity for thy child, nor for thyself, 
 
 Nor for her mother, from whose arms the first 455 
 
 North-wind that blows will see this robber chief 
 
J 
 
 I 
 
 Book vii. 285 
 
 Perfidious bear our maiden o'er the seas \ 
 Is it not thus the Phrygian shepherd makes 
 
 His way to Lacedsemon, and hears off 
 
 Ledaan Helen to the Trojan walls? 46° 
 
 Where is thy plighted faith ? Where the regard 
 
 Thou hadst for us so long? And where the hand 
 
 Of friendship and of kindred blood, so oft 
 
 To Turnus given ? If for a son-in-law 
 
 Of foreign birth thou seek'st, to share our rule, 4 f >s 
 
 And such thy fixed intent, such the command 
 
 Urged by thy sire, I hold that every land 
 
 Which, free, disowns our rule, is foreign land; 
 
 And that the gods so mean. And if the birth 
 
 Of Turnus and his house be sought and traced, 470 
 
 Inachus and Acrisius were his sires, 
 
 And they who dwelt in far Mycenae's midst." 
 
 / 
 
 But when with words like these she tries in vain 
 
 To move Latinus, and the snake has crept 
 
 W ith raging venom deep into her heart, 
 
 And through her frame, then, wretched, goaded on 
 
 By vast phantasmal images, she raves 
 
 Delirious, up and down the city streets; 
 
 As when a top, whirling beneath the whip, 
 
286 The JEneid. 
 
 Spins through some empty court, lashed round hy boys 4»o 
 
 Intent upon their play. In circling curves 
 
 It moves : the youthful groups look down amazed, 
 
 And at the flying box-wood stare, and lend 
 
 Their souls to every stroke. So swift, the queen 
 
 Flies through the city, and the brutal crowds. 4S5 
 
 Nay, worse her lawless course : with fury wild 
 
 She feigns to worship Bacchus; to the woods 
 
 She flies, and hides her daughter in the shades 
 
 Of leafy mountains, so she may evade 
 
 This Trojan marriage, and delay the rites. 49° 
 
 " Hail, Bacchus ! " now she shrieks ; " worthy alone 
 
 Art thou of this fair virgin : she for thee 
 
 Assumes the thyrsus, round thee leads the dance, 
 
 And cherishes her sacred locks for thee ! " 
 
 The rumor flies and spreads. With one accord, . 49s 
 
 Fired by the fury's torch, the matrons all 
 
 Desert their homes and seek the new abodes, 
 
 And spread their necks and tresses to the winds. 
 
 And others fill the air with tremulous shrieks, 
 
 All clad in fawn-skins, bearing vine-wreathed spears. s°° 
 
 The queen herself a burning pine-wood torch 
 
 Lifts in the midst, and sings the nuptial chant 
 
/ 
 
 Book i u. 
 
 For Turnus and her daughter, while she rolls 
 
 Her bloodshot eyes; then frowning suddenly: — 
 
 4 ' \\o\ dames of I.atium, wheresoe'er ye be, 
 
 If in your reverent hearts there yet remains 
 
 For sad Amata any loyal love, 
 
 If any pain for a wronged mother's rights, 
 
 Then loose the fillets from your hair : with me 
 
 Begin these orgies." So through woods and through 
 
 The desert haunts of beasts Allecto drives 
 
 The queen, beset and stung on every side 
 
 By goads of Bacchus. 
 
 Then when she perceives 
 How keenly she had whetted these first stings 
 Of rage, and in confusion thrown the house sis 
 
 And counsel of the king, hence borne away 
 On dusky wings the sombre goddess rlies 
 To Turnus' city (built by Danae, 
 'T is said, who with her Argive train was wrecked 
 Upon this shore, and called in olden days 
 Ardea; which great name still lives, though all 
 Her glory has departed). Turnus there 
 At midnight in his palace chamber slept. 
 Allecto lays aside her threatening face 
 And shape infernal, changed to an aged crone ; 
 
288 The Aineid. 
 
 Her grim face ploughed with wrinkles, her white 
 
 hair 
 With fillet bound, and wreathed with olive leaves : 
 Changed into Calybe, a priestess old 
 Of Juno's temple, she appears before 
 The youthful warrior, and accosts him thus: — 530 
 
 " Canst thou, O Turnus, see these toils of thine 
 Lavished in vain, thy sceptre pass away 
 To Dardan colonists? The king denies 
 To thee thy bride, and dowry bought with blood, 
 And for his kingdom seeks a foreign heir. 53s 
 
 Go now, and brave the dangers that can reap 
 No thanks, but only scorn ! Go, and smite down 
 The Tuscan bands. Protect the Latin race 
 With peace. The omnipotent Saturnia gives 
 Command that I this message bear to thee 540 
 
 In the still night. Rise then, and, light of heart, 
 Prepare to arm the youths, and bid them march 
 Forth from the gates; and slay the Phrygian chiefs 
 That sit on your fair river-banks, and burn 
 Their painted ships. Celestial powers command. 5-15 
 
 And let the Latin king, should he refuse 
 Thy bride, nor keep his promise, know at length 
 By proof the might of Turnus roused to arms." 
 
Book in. 289 
 
 With scornful smile the youth made answer thus : — 
 "Think not the tidings have escaped my cars, 550 
 
 That-to the Tiber's waves a fleet has come; 
 
 Nor feign such terrors: Juno forgets us not. 
 
 But thou, good mother, dulled by mould of years, 
 
 Worn out in mind and body, thy old age 
 
 Broods to no purpose over groundless cares, sss 
 
 And 'mid the warlike armaments of kings 
 
 M icks thy prophetic vision with false fears. 
 
 'T is thine to tend the images and fanes : 
 
 Let men, whose province 't is, make peace and war." 
 
 These words inflamed Allecto's soul with wrath. s 6 ° 
 
 While yet he spoke, a sudden trembling seized 
 His limbs. His eyes were fixed. So many snakes 
 IIi>sed from the Fury's head, so terrible 
 Her form appeared. Then, as he strove to rise 
 And speak, she thrusts him back, rolling her eyes s 6 s 
 
 Ot glaring flame; and, lifted from her hair, 
 Two serpents rear their necks. Her sounding lash 
 She cracks, and adds these words, with raving lips : — 
 "Behold me then — me, feeble and outworn 
 With mould of years — amid the wars of ki:: 
 Mocked by old age with false and groundless tears ! 
 37 
 
290 The Aineid. 
 
 Look well on me : from my fell sisters' home 
 
 I am here, — and war and death are in my hand! " 
 
 This said, against the warrior's breast she hurls 
 Her torch ; with lurid glare it burns and smokes, 57s 
 
 Fixed in his heart. A dreadful terror breaks 
 His sleep : great drops of sweat bathe all his limbs. 
 Wildly he calls for arms ; for arms he seeks 
 About his chamber, and through all the house, 
 Maddened with thirst for war, and rage insane. 580 
 
 As when beneath a bubbling caldron's ribs 
 The flames of crackling twigs roar round the sides, 
 The water swells and leaps with fervid heat, 
 Till unrestrained it steams above the rim, 
 And the dense vapor rolls into the air. 5 8 s 
 
 'So, the alliance broken, to his chiefs 
 He points the way to King Latinus' throne, 
 And bids them arm, protect the Italian land, 
 And thrust the invaders out; that he himself 
 A match for Trojans and for Latins both, 590 
 
 Will come. This said, he calls upon the gods ; 
 With rival zeal for war the troops are stirred ; 
 These by their chieftain's youth and beauty moved, 
 Those by his ancestry or famous deeds. 
 
Book in. 
 
 While Turnus thus with daring courage fills 
 The Rutuli, upon her Stygian wings 
 Allecto moves against the Trojan camp. 
 With arts oi new device, she espies a place 
 
 Where beautiful lulus by the shore 
 
 Was hunting the wild beasts with snares and steeds. e->^ 
 
 A Midden madness on the hounds she cast, 
 
 i touched their nostrils with the well-known scent, 
 And fired them with the rage to chase a .stag. 
 This the first cause of troubles proved, and lit 
 The dames oi war within the peasants' hearts. 605 
 
 This stag was of a lovely form, with large 
 
 Fair antlers ; from its mother's udders snatched, 
 
 And reared by Tyrrheus' children, and their sire 
 
 Himself, the keeper of the royal herds, 
 
 And guardian of the fields that stretched around. 6io 
 
 Hi- daughter Silvia was wont to deck 
 
 The creature's horns (accustomed to her sway) 
 
 W ith woven wreaths, and comb its hairy sides, 
 
 And wash it in the stream. Patient beneath 
 
 llcr hand, familiar at the household meals, 
 
 It roamed the woods, and to the well-known door 
 
 Returned at night, how late soe'er the hour. 
 
292 The Alneid. 
 
 Far from its home, lulus' rabid hounds 
 
 Give chase, as down the grateful stream it floats, 
 
 Or cools its heat upon the verdant bank. 6;o 
 
 Ascanius, kindled with the love of praise, 
 
 Aims from his bow an arrow, and the fates 
 
 Prompt his uncertain hand. With whizzing sound, 
 
 Through flank and bowels flies the shaft. The beast, 
 
 Wounded and bleeding, in the well-known stalls ^5 
 
 Takes refuge, and as if imploring aid, 
 
 Fills all the house with piteous moans. And first 
 
 Silvia calls loud for help, and claps her hands, 
 
 To summon the rude peasants. Swift they come 
 
 (For hidden in the woods the Fury lurks). 630 
 
 One with a charred and sharpened brand is armed, 
 
 One with a knotty club ; whate'er they find, 
 
 Rage turns into a weapon. Tyrrheus leaves 
 
 The oaken log which, cleaving into four, 
 
 His driving wedges split, and calls his men, 6 35 
 
 And, breathing hard, snatches his rustic axe. 
 
 The Fury from her watching-places finds 
 
 The hour most fit for mischief. Perched upon 
 
 The summit of the cottage roof, she sounds 
 
 The shepherd's call, and through her crooked horn g-p 
 
 
Book in. 203 
 
 Pours her Tartarean voice. The woods around 
 Tremble with tear, and all the forest depths 
 Resound : far oft, the lake of Trivia hears, 
 
 And the white waters oi the sulphurous Nar, 
 
 And fountains o( Velinus; while with awe 
 
 Pale mothers press their children to their breasts. 
 
 Then, at the signal of the dreadful horn, 
 
 The untamed peasants snatch on every side 
 
 Their arms, and rush together; and the youths 
 
 Of Troy forth from their open camp pour out 650 
 
 To help Ascanius. Battle lines are formed. 
 
 now with rustic contest of rude clubs 
 And sharpened stakes the war is waged, but fought 
 With two-edged steel ; and far and wide around 
 Bristles a deadly crop of naked swords; 6 55 
 
 And brazen armor flashes in the sun, 
 And glimmers on the clouds : as when the sea 
 Begins to whiten in the rising wind, 
 Swells by degrees, and higher still and higher 
 Mounts from its lowest depths into the sky. 
 
 Here in the foremost ranks young Almo falls, 
 The eldest of the sons of Tyrrheus, pierced 
 
294 The Aineid. 
 
 By a whizzing arrow. In his throat the wound 
 
 Chokes his soft voice and slender life with blood. 
 
 Many a hero's corpse around there fell : 665 
 
 E'en old Gala?sus, striving to make peace; 
 
 Most just he was, and in Ausonian fields 
 
 Most wealthy once. Five flocks of sheep were his; 
 
 Five herds of cattle back from pasture came ; 
 
 And with % a hundred ploughs he turned his soil. 670 
 
 While yet with equal arms the war is waged, 
 
 The Fury, having done her promised task, 
 
 And with the opening battle steeped the field 
 
 Of war in blood and slaughter, leaves behind 
 
 Hesperia, and victorious turns her course 675 
 
 Through ether, and addresses Juno thus, 
 
 With haughty voice: "Behold, thy work achieved 
 
 For thee, in discord and disastrous war ! 
 
 Now bid them join in friendly truce and league, 
 
 While with Ausonian blood the Trojans reek ! 680 
 
 This also will I add ; if such thy will, 
 
 With rumors I will rouse the neighboring towns, 
 
 And fill their souls with maddening thirst for war, 
 
 So they may flock from every side with aid. 
 
 I '11 strew their fields with arms." Then Juno thus 6s s 
 
Book in. 295 
 
 Replied : " Enough of tenors ami of frauds. 
 
 The causes of the war stand (irmly fixed. 
 
 Now hand to hand they fight. The arms which fii 1 
 
 B) chance were given, are steeped in i'l e h blood nOW. 
 
 Such be the bridals, such the nuptial rites 
 That they shall celebrate, — this wondrous son 
 Of Venus, and the Latin king. Hut thou, — - 
 The Olympian Ruler wills no farther flight 
 Of thine through these ethereal regions. Hence! 
 I, if the future brings more tasks, will guide 695 
 
 The affairs myself." Thus spoke Saturnia. 
 The fiend then spread her hissing serpent wings, 
 And left the skies, and sought the infernal shades. 
 
 Midway in Italy there is a place 
 Beneath high mountains, famed in many lands, 700 
 
 The valley of Amsanctus, girt around 
 With shadowy woods. A torrent in the midst 
 With crooked course brawls o'er the sounding rocks. 
 Here frowns an awful cave, the breathing hole 
 Of Dis, a gulf that opes pestiferous jaws, 
 And yawns on Acheron abrupt. Here down 
 The Fury plunges, and relieves the heavens and earth 
 Of her detested presence. 
 
 None the less 
 
 1/ 
 
296 The A^neid. 
 
 Meanwhile, Saturnia completes the war 
 
 Begun. The peasants from the battle-field 710 
 
 Into the city rush, and bear the dead; 
 
 Young Almo, and the gashed and bloody face 
 
 Of old Galassus. They implore the gods, 
 
 And call the king to witness.^ Turnus comes, 
 
 And in the midst of the accusing crowd 715 
 
 Doubles their dread of slaughter and of flames; 
 
 Cries that the Trojans, mixing Phrygian blood 
 
 With theirs, are called to lord it, — he thrust out. 
 
 Then they whose mothers, fired by Bacchus, leap 
 
 And dance through pathless woods (Amata's name 720 
 
 Is no slight spell), assemble from all sides, 
 
 Importunate for war. These all forthwith, 
 
 Spite of all omens and the fates divine, 
 
 Demand this dreadful war, and crowd around 
 
 The palace of the king. He, like a rock 725 
 
 That stands unmoved amid the sea, resists; 
 
 Like a sea-rock amid the loud uproar 
 
 Of barking waves around, the surging foam 
 
 And sea-weed slipping from its rugged sides. 
 
 But when no power avails to overcome 73° 
 
 Blind counsels, and all moves at Juno's nod, 
 
 The royal father having called full oft 
 
Book in. 
 
 The gods to witness, and the empty wind ; 
 
 " Alas," he erics " WC are broken by the fat 
 
 And driven by the storm. () wretched men! 
 
 With your own sacrilegious blood, these deeds 
 
 Shall be atoned. For thee, Turnus, thee, 
 
 The impious cause or war, dire punishment 
 
 Remains in store. Too late unto the gods 
 
 Thy prayers and vows shall rise. For me, my rest 
 
 Is all prepared. My haven is at hand ; 
 
 Robbed only of a calm and happy death." 
 
 He said no more, but shut himself within 
 
 His house, and left all guidance of the state. / 
 
 Hesperian Latium had a custom, long -45 
 
 Held sacred by the Albans, and by Rome, 
 The mistress of the world, adopted now, 
 W hene'er they move to war: whether against 
 The Geta? they press on in battle grim, 
 Or the Arabs, or Hyrcanians, or pursue 
 Their way toward India and the morning star, 
 To win their standards back from Parthian hordes. 
 There are two gates of War, so called of old, 
 Sacred by long religious awe, and fear 
 Ot Mars; shut with a hundred brazen bolts, 
 38 
 
298 The Alneid. 
 
 And iron bars of ever-during strength. 
 
 Janus their keeper ne'er deserts his post. 
 
 Here, when the sentence of the chiefs is war, 
 
 The consul, robed in state, in Gabine mode, 
 
 Himself unlocks the grating gates, and calls 760 
 
 To arms ; the warriors all repeat the cry, 
 
 And brazen horns mingle with hoarse assent. 
 
 Even so they urged Latinus to proclaim 
 
 War 'gainst the Trojans, and the dreadful gates 
 
 Unbar. But from this touch he shrank averse, 76s 
 
 And shunned the hated task, and hid himself 
 
 In darkness. Then the queen of gods, herself 
 
 Descending from the skies, the unwilling gates 
 
 Pushed with her hand, and turned the hinges back, 
 
 And open burst the iron gates of war. 770 
 
 Now all Ausonia burns, that slept before 
 
 Calm and unmoved. Some take the field afoot ; 
 
 Some, mounted on tall steeds, through clouds of dust 
 
 Spur by in furious haste. All seek for arms. 
 
 Others their bucklers and their javelins cleanse 77s 
 
 With unctuous lard, and grind the battle-axe, 
 
 And take delight to see the standards spread, 
 
 And hear the trumpet's blare. Five cities large 
 
Book ni. 299 
 
 Their anvils bring, and whet their steel anew, — 
 
 Atina, Ardca, and Tibur proud, 
 
 Crustumium, and Antemiv.r turret-crowned. 
 
 Some forge strong helmets, and bend willow wands 
 
 For shields; while others hammer COrscletS out 
 
 0\ brass, or silver greaves. To this must yield 
 
 All love and honor of the plough and scythe; 
 
 And e'en their fathers' swords are wrought anew. 
 
 And now the trumpet sounds, the password runs; 
 
 One snatches down his helmet from his walls; 
 
 Another harnesses his restive steeds, 
 
 And dons his shield and triple-twisted mail, 79° 
 
 And girds his faithful sword upon his side. 
 
 Now, Muses, open wide your Helicon, 
 
 And wake the song, — what kings were roused to war ; 
 
 Who led, who followed to the battle-field ; 
 
 What heroes in those early days gave fame 
 
 To Italy, and with what arms is blazed. 
 
 For you, O goddesses, remember all, 
 
 And can recount. Feebly the breath of fame 
 
 From those far days comes whispering in our ears. 
 
 T* 
 
 rst to the war from Tyrrhene shores goes forth 
 
300 The Aineid. 
 
 Mezentius, fierce contemner of the gods, 
 
 His bands arrayed in arms. Next Lausus goes, 
 
 His son, for manly beauty unsurpassed 
 
 By all save Turnus; Lausus, who could tame 
 
 The mettled steed, and fell the forest beast, 8e 5 
 
 Down from the city of Agylla leads 
 
 In vain a thousand warriors. Happier he 
 
 Had been beneath paternal rule more just, 
 
 Or had Mezentius never been his sire. 
 
 Fair Aventinus next, Alcides' son, sio 
 
 Drives o'er the field his car that won the palm, 
 
 And his victorious steeds. Upon his shield 
 
 The emblem of his mighty sire he bears, 
 
 A Hydra cinctured with a hundred snakes. 
 
 'T was he the priestess Rhea in the woods 815 
 
 Of Aventine brought forth in secret birth, — 
 
 The woman mingling with the god; what time 
 
 The great Tirynthian conqueror touched the shores 
 
 Of Latium, Geryon being slain, and bathed 
 
 In Tyrrhene waters his Iberian herds. 820 
 
 For arms, his soldiers bear long pikes and spears 
 
 And tapering swords and Sabine darts; while he 
 
 Himself, on foot, clothed in a lion's skin 
 
Book in. 3© i 
 
 With grim and shaggy fur, the white teeth worn 
 
 About his head, strides through his royal halls 815 
 
 In the rough garb oi Hercules his sire. 
 Then two twin brothers come from Tibur's walls 
 
 (Named from Tihurtus, brother to these twain 1, — 
 
 Catillus and bold Coras, Argive youths; 
 
 In the front ranks and through the thick-set spears 830 
 
 They sweep : as when from the high mountain-tops 
 
 Of Homole or snowy Othrys rush 
 
 Two cloud-born Centaurs with impetuous leaps ; 
 
 And as they thunder down, the dense woods yield, 
 
 And the loud-crashing underwoods give way. 835 
 
 Nor did Pntneste's founder fail to come, 
 
 Circulus, held by every age to be 
 
 The kingly son of Vulcan, born among 
 
 The rural herds, and found amid the fire. 
 
 A band of rustics from around attend 840 
 
 His steps ; they who in steep Pra?neste dwell, 
 
 Or Gabian Juno's fields, or on the banks 
 
 Ot the cool Anio, or the spray-wet rocks 
 
 C)t Hemic streams ; and they whose pasturage 
 
 Fertile Anagnia yields, or Amasene. 
 
 Not all are armed; nor shields nor rattling cars 
 
302 The Aineid. 
 
 Are theirs : but some sling balls of lead, and some 
 
 Carry two spears; and tawny wolf-skin caps 
 
 They wear : the left foot naked on the ground, 
 
 And on the right a sandal of raw hide. 8 5 o 
 
 Messapus next, steed-tamer, Neptune's son, 
 Invincible by fire or steel, calls forth 
 His sluggish tribes and bands unused to war, 
 And draws his sword again. With him appear 
 Fescennian and Faliscan troops, and those 855 
 
 Who hold Soracte's steeps, and dwell amid 
 Flavinian fields, or on Ciminius' mount 
 And lake, and in Capena's woods. These all 
 Move on in equal ranks, and praise their king 
 With songs : as when a flock of snowy swans, 86o 
 
 Winging their way through clouds, returning home 
 From seeking food, sonorous strains are heard 
 From their long throats ; the river echoes back, 
 And far and wide the Asian marshes ring. 
 None would have thought that from a troop like 
 theirs s^- 
 
 Could cluster these battalions clad in brass ; 
 But rather that some airy cloud of cranes 
 With clamors hoarse were flying from the sea. 
 
Book in. 303 
 
 Lo, Clausus, born of ancient Sabine blood, 
 
 Leads on a mighty host, himself a host; 
 
 Prom whom the Claudian family derived 
 
 Its name, diffused through Latium, since the state 
 
 Of Rome was shared with Sabines. Leagued with 
 
 him 
 A mighty Amiternian cohort comes, 
 
 And they of ancient Cures: bands that hold 875 
 
 Eretum, and Mutusca's olive groves; 
 All those who in Nomentum's city dwell, 
 Or on Velinus' dewy fields; and they 
 From Tetrica's rough rocks, and from the sides 
 Of Mount Severus, and Casperia, 
 And Foruli, and from Himella's stream ; 
 They who the Tiber drink, and Fabaris ; 
 Whom frigid Nursia, and whom Horta sends; 
 And tribes from Latium ; also those who dwell 
 Where Allia's ill-omened waves divide 
 Their lands. All these come thronging thick and fast 
 As rolling waves of Lybian seas, what time 
 The fierce Orion in the wintry floods 
 Has set, or as the dense and bearded crops 
 That burn in summer suns upon the plains 
 Of Hermus, or the yellow Lycian fields. 
 
304 The Aineid. 
 
 With ringing shields they march. Beneath their tread 
 The earth is startled. 
 
 Next Halesus comes, 
 Of Agamemnon's line, a foe to all 
 
 Of Trojan name. He to his chariot yokes 895 
 
 His steeds, and hurries on for Turnus' aid 
 A thousand men of aspects fierce and rough ; 
 They who the fertile Massic soil upturn, 
 And plant with vines; and those who from their hills 
 The Auruncan fathers sent, and neighboring fields 9°° 
 
 Of Sidicina ; those who Cales left ; 
 And dwellers by Volturnus' shallow stream; 
 And rough Saticulan and Oscan bands : 
 These carry tapering darts, with pliant straps 
 Deftly adjoined; the left arm bears a shield; 9°s 
 
 Their swords are crooked, for close combat shaped. 
 
 Nor, CEbalus, shalt thou depart unsung, 
 
 Whom a Sebethian nymph to Telon bore, 
 
 'T is said, when he the Teleboan isle 
 
 Caprea ruled, an aged king. His son 9 10 
 
 Disdained his father's land, and wide around 
 
 Extended o'er Sarrastes' tribes his sway, 
 
 And shores by Sarnus watered; they who hold 
 
Book i n. 305 
 
 Batulum, Rufrae, and Celenna's fields; 
 
 And thcv on whom Abella's fruit-trees look. 
 These in Teutonic fashion hurl their .spears, 
 With caps o( cork-tree hark upon their beads, 
 
 And shine with brazen shields and brazen swords. 
 
 Thee too the mountain steeps of Nursa? sent 
 
 To battle, Ufens, fortunate and famed 9^ 
 
 In arms, horn of the rugged ./Equian race, 
 
 Who hunt through woods, and clothed in armor, till 
 
 The stubborn glebe, and whose delight it is 
 
 To live by plunder and perpetual spoil. 
 
 Then came a priest of the Marruvian race, — 9-5 
 
 A wreath of fertile olive decked his helm, — 
 Strong Umbro, sent by King Archippus ; he 
 W ith hand and voice knew how to lull to sleep 
 The serpent tribe, the poison-breathing snakes, 
 And soothed their rage, and cured with skill their bite. 930 
 But not against the Dardan spear that pierced 
 His breast did all his medicines avail ; 
 Nor did his sleepy incantations help 
 Hi- wounds, nor herbs culled on the Marsian hills. 
 For thee the Anguitian woods shall mourn ; for thee 
 The Fucine wave, and all the liquid lakes. 
 39 
 
306 The sEneid. 
 
 Next Virbius came, Hippolytus' fair son, 
 Whom, famed for arms, his mother Arieia sent; 
 Reared in Egeria's grove, and marshy shores, 
 Where Dian's rich and easy altar stands. 940 
 
 For, as the legend goes, Hippolytus, 
 By his step-mother's artifices slain, 
 Dragged by his frightened steeds, to appease the wrath 
 Of his own father, to the upper air 
 
 And the ethereal stars came back once more, 94s 
 
 Revived by Paeon's herbs and Dian's love. 
 Then the almighty father, wroth that one 
 Of mortal mould should rise again to life, 
 Hurled the divine inventor of such art 
 Medicinal down with lightnings to the gloom 95° 
 
 Of Stygian shades. But tender Trivia hid 
 Hippolytus, and to the Egerian nymph 
 Confided him, to pass his humble life 
 Amid the lonely woods of Italy, 
 
 And change his name to Virbius. Thence it comes, 955 
 That from Diana's temple and her groves 
 They drive away the horn-hoofed horses, since 
 They, frightened by the monsters of the sea, 
 Dashed on the shore the chariot and the youth. 
 But none the less, his son trains for the field 960 
 
 His mettled steeds, and drives them to the war. 
 
Book in. 
 
 
 With noble form, o'ertopping by a head 
 The rest, comes Turnus, Armed, among the first: 
 Ili- lofty helmet crowned with triple crest 
 
 rs .1 Chimaera breathing from its jaws 96s 
 
 .Ftn.r.m tire; more baleful rage the flames 
 
 The more the battle waxes hot, and blood 
 
 I- poured. In glittering gold upon his shield — 
 
 A memorable theme — is wrought the form 
 
 Of Io, now a heifer, overgrown 970 
 
 With bristlv hair, and with her horns erect, 
 
 And Argus watching her, and Inachus 
 
 Pouring a river from his sculptured urn. 
 
 Then comes a cloud of followers on foot ; 
 
 And over all the plain the bucklered hosts 975 
 
 Grow thick ; the Argive youths, the Auruncan hands, 
 
 Rutulians, and Sicanian veterans, 
 
 And armed Sacranians, and Labici come, 
 
 With painted shields; all those who till thy fields, 
 
 O Tiber, and Numicius' sacred shore, 980 
 
 Or drive the ploughshare through Rutulian hills, 
 
 And the Circaean promontory; those 
 
 W hose meadows Jupiter of Anxur guards, 
 
 Whose verdant groves Feronia consecrates, 
 
3 o8 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Where spreads the gloomy marsh of Satura, 
 And the cool Ufens through the valleys seeks 
 Its winding course, and pours into the sea. 
 
 9 8 S 
 
 Last comes Camilla, of the Volscian race, 
 
 Leading a band of riders to the field 
 
 In brazen armor clad, a warrior queen : 
 
 Her hands unused to ply Minerva's work 
 
 Of spindle and of household broidery; 
 
 A virgin she, inured to toils of war, 
 
 And could outstrip the fleet winds in their course; 
 
 Could fly above the fields of grain, and leave 
 
 The stalks untouched, nor harm the tender ears; 
 
 Or skim the swelling billows of the sea, 
 
 Her rapid feet unwet. Forth from their homes 
 
 And fields the warrior youths and matrons crowd 
 
 In wondering amaze to see her move ; 
 
 To see how royally the purple veils 
 
 Her polished shoulders, how with golden clasp 
 
 Her hair is bound, her Lycian quiver borne, 
 
 And, tipped with steel, her pastoral myrtle spear. 
 
 J 
 
 990 
 
 995 
 
BOOK VIII. 
 
 A S soon as Turnus from Laurentum's tower 
 * Had raised aloft the signal for the war, 
 And the hoarse horns had blown ; when he had roused 
 The mettled steeds, and urged the troops to arms ; 
 Sudden, with one accord, all Latium joins s 
 
 Tumultuous, and the youths with fury rage. 
 Messapus, Ufens, and Mezentius too, 
 ( mtemner o{ the gods, lead on their hosts, 
 And levy troops, and strip the broad fields bare 
 Of laborers. Also Venulus is sent io 
 
 To Diomedes' city, seeking help, 
 And telling how the Trojans gain firm hold 
 In Latium, with ^Eneas and his fleet 
 And household gods, demanding to be called 
 Their king by fate's decree, while many tribes is 
 
 Flock to the Dardan hero, whose renown 
 Is spreading far and wide through all the land. 
 W hat in these plans he aims at, what event 
 
3 i o The Aineid. 
 
 Of war desires, should fortune favor him, 
 
 More manifest appears to Diomed 
 
 Than to Prince Turnus, or the Latin king. 
 
 So pass affairs in Latium. These events 
 
 The Trojan hero sees, and fluctuates 
 
 On a great tide of anxious cares ; now here, 
 
 Now there dividing his swift thoughts; his mind *s 
 
 Whirled to and fro, in everything unfixed ; 
 
 As when within a vase with brazen rims 
 
 The tremulous light upon the water falls, 
 
 Caught from the sun, or from the radiant moon, 
 
 Glancing around on every place, and now 3° 
 
 Darts upward, and the fretted ceiling strikes. 
 
 'T was night : on all the weary life of earth, 
 
 On man, and birds, and flocks, deep sleep had fallen ; 
 
 When on the river-bank ^neas throws 
 
 His limbs, beneath the cool and open sky, 35 
 
 His breast disturbed with gloomy thoughts of war, 
 
 As slowly o'er his frame his late rest steals. 
 
 Then, through the poplar leaves, the god who ruled 
 
 The spot, old Tiberinus, from his calm 
 
 And pleasant river-bed was seen to rise. 40 
 
Book Fin 311 
 
 A sea-green vapory robe his figure veiled, 
 Ami shadowy reeds were woven round his hair. 
 He with these words dispelled the hero's cares : — 
 
 1 of a race divine, who bringest back 
 
 To us the Trojan city, from the midst 
 
 Of foes, and guardest the eternal name 
 
 Of Pergamus; O long-expected here 
 
 On the Laurentian soil and Latin fields! 
 
 Thy home, thy household gods are here assured. 
 
 Desist not thou, nor fear the threats of war. 50 
 
 The anger of the gods has passed away. 
 
 Even now, lest to thy mind these things should seem 
 
 Sleep's idle fancies, on the shore thou 'It find 
 
 A huge sow underneath the ilex-trees, 
 
 \\ hite, on the ground, with thirty sucking young 55 
 
 Of the same color, clustered round her teats. 
 
 Here shall thy city be, thy rest from toils. 
 
 Thence, when the rounds of thirty years are full, 
 
 Ascanius shall the illustrious city found 
 
 Of Alba. No uncertain thing is this ^ 
 
 I prophesy. Now in what way thou mayst 
 
 Achieve victoriously what presses most, 
 
 Briefly I will unfold. Upon these shores 
 
3 1 2 The Aineid. 
 
 The Arcadians, a race from Pallas born, 
 
 Followers of King Evander, chose a spot, 6 5 
 
 And built a city on a rising hill, 
 
 Called Pallanteum, from their ancestor. 
 
 These with the Latin race wage ceaseless war. 
 
 Take them for friends, and make a league with them. 
 
 I, by my channel and my river-banks, 70 
 
 Will lead thee on, that thou mayst glide along 
 
 Against the opposing current with thine oars. 
 
 Up then, O goddess-born ! and while the stars 
 
 Of early dawn are setting, offer prayers 
 
 To Juno ; overcome her wrath and threats 75 
 
 With suppliant vows. To me, when victory smiles, 
 
 Thou shalt give honors due. 'T is I whom thou 
 
 Behold'st, laving the banks with swelling flood, 
 
 And flowing through the fertile harvest fields, — 
 
 Cerulean Tiber, river most beloved so 
 
 By heaven. My spacious home is here ; and here 
 
 The crown of lofty cities shall arise." 
 
 He said; and in the deepest river-bed 
 
 Sank down and hid : while from iEneas' eyes 
 
 Night and sleep vanished. Up he rose, and saw 8s 
 
 The Orient splendor of the heavenly Sun; 
 
Book i in. 3 1 | 
 
 And scooped the water in his hollowed hands, 
 With due observance: then poured forth these words : — 
 "Ye nymphs, Laurentian nymphs, from whom the 
 streams 
 Are born; and thou, O father Tiber, known ■, 
 
 In these thy sacred waters; C) receive 
 iEneas, and at last from perils guard him. 
 In whatsoever fount thy waters hold 
 Thy presence, pitying this hard lot of ours, 
 From whatsoever spot thou issuest forth 95 
 
 In beauty, thee with honors and with gifts 
 I will forever praise. O horned River, 
 Thou sovereign ruler of Hesperian waves, 
 Be near, and seal the promise thou hast given ! " 
 
 So saying, two ships with double tiers, and oars »oo 
 
 Well fitted, he selects, and arms the crews. 
 
 But lo ! a sudden marvel greets their eyes. 
 
 A sow, surrounded by her young, all white, 
 
 Stretched on the shore, is seen, among the trees. 
 
 yEneas to the altar takes them all, 105 
 
 A sacrifice, great Juno, even to thee. 
 
 All through that night the Tiber calmed his i\oo,\, 
 40 
 
314 The Aineid. 
 
 And, ebbing backward, stood with tranquil waves, 
 
 Smoothing its surface like a placid lake, 
 
 That without struggling oars the ships might glide. no 
 
 So on their way they speed with joyous shouts. 
 
 Along the waters slip the well-tarred keels ; 
 
 The waves with wonder gaze, and from afar 
 
 The woods, unused to such a sight, admire 
 
 Upon the stream the heroes' glittering shields "s 
 
 And painted vessels. Night and day their oars 
 
 They ply, pass the long bending river's curves; 
 
 And through green shades of overhanging trees 
 
 They pierce, along the tranquil waters borne. 
 
 The fiery sun had reached his noonday height, 1=0 
 
 When from afar they see a citadel, 
 
 And walls, and scattered houses here and there; 
 
 Which now Rome matches with the skies, but then 
 
 Evander's small and humble town. Then swift 
 
 They turn their prows, and near the city's walls. ^s 
 
 By chance, upon that day, the Arcadian king 
 
 Was offering solemn rites of sacrifice 
 
 To great Amphitryon's son, and to the gods, 
 
 Before the city, in a sacred grove : 
 
 Pallas, his son, with him, and all the youths 13° 
 
B vk i' in. 3 1 5 
 
 Of rank, and senators of humble state; 
 
 With fumes of incense, and with tepid blood 
 ()t" sacrifice, the altars smoked. Hut when 
 They saw the tall .ships through the shadowy tn 
 
 Approach with gliding pace and silent oars, 
 
 The sudden vision startles them : they ri e 
 
 And leave the least. Bold Pallas then forbids 
 
 That they should thus break off their solemn feast; 
 
 And snatching up a javelin, he rlies 
 
 To meet the strangers. On a rising ground 
 
 He stands, and from a distance hails them thus: — 
 
 " Ho, warriors ! What cause has brought you here 
 
 On ways untried? And whither do ye go? 
 
 Your race ? Your country ? Bring ye peace or war ? " 
 
 ./Eneas then, a peaceful olive-branch '45 
 
 Extending, thus made answer from his ship : — 
 
 " Trojans thou seest, with arms that war against 
 
 The Latins. Driven out by them, in war, 
 
 To Evander we have come. Deliver this, 
 
 And say to him, the chosen Dardan chiefs > 
 
 Have come to ask a friendly league in arms." 
 
 Amazed stood Pallas at so great a name. 
 
 "Whoever you may be, O come," he cries; 
 
 "And with my father speak; and be our guests 
 
3 1 6 The sEneid. 
 
 Beside our household gods." With cordial grasp 155 
 
 He took the hero's hand, and both advanced, 
 
 Leaving the river, and wended through the grove. ^ 
 
 Then to the king iEneas speaks, with words 
 
 Of friendly tone : " Best of the Grecian race, 
 
 Whom fortune bids me supplicate for aid, 160 
 
 With peaceful olive-branches fillet-wreathed: 
 
 I had no fears, indeed, because thou wast 
 
 Arcadian, and a leader of the Greeks, 
 
 1; And by thy birth allied to Atreus' sons. 
 But my own conscious worth, and oracles 165 
 
 Divine, our ancestors akin by blood, 
 And thy wide fame, have moved me to ally 
 Myself with thee, urged by the fates to come, 
 Yet of myself so willed. For Dardanus, 
 Founder and father of the Ilian state, 170 
 
 Son of Electra, — so the Grecians say, — 
 Came to the Trojan people : she was born 
 Of mighty Atlas, who sustains the orbs 
 Of heaven upon his shoulders. Mercury 
 Your father is, whom the white Maia bore 175 
 
 On cold Cyllene's top. But Maia too, 
 If we may credit what we hear, was born 
 
Book i in. 3 1 7 
 
 Of that same Atlas who supports tin- Btars. 
 
 Thus from one blood the race of each divide . 
 
 With this reliance, no ambassadors •«© 
 
 I have sent, nor tried thee first with tunning arts. 
 I, I myself have risked my Hie, and come 
 
 With my petition to thy royal court. 
 
 This Daunian race that wages war on thee, 
 
 If us they expel, believe that naught they lack, its 
 
 But all Hesperia falls beneath their yoke, 
 
 And all the upper and the lower sea. 
 
 Then let us give and take in friendly faith. 
 
 Strong hearts we have for war, courageous souls, 
 
 And warriors tried in action." 
 
 Thus he spoke. >9= 
 
 The king had long scanned well the speaker's face, 
 His eves, and his whole form : then thus replied : — 
 " How joyfully do I receive and greet thee, 
 Bravest of Trojans ; and how I recall 
 Thy sire Anchises' words, and tones, and face! >95 
 
 For I remember that when Priam came 
 Seeking his sister's realm, and Salamis, 
 He journeyed to Arcadia's frigid bounds. 
 With the first down of youth my cheeks then bloomed ; 
 I gazed, admiring, on the Trojan chiefs ; 
 
3 1 8 The Aineid. 
 
 On Priam gazed, Laomedon's great son ; 
 
 But loftier than them all, Anchises stood. 
 
 My youthful heart was all aflame with zeal 
 
 To meet the hero, and to grasp his hand. 
 
 I approached him, and we met ; and eagerly *°5 
 
 To Pheneus I brought him. He to me, 
 
 When leaving, gave a wondrous quiver, rilled 
 
 With Lycian arrows, and a cloak with gold 
 
 Inwoven, and a pair of golden reins, 
 
 Which now my Pallas keeps. So then, the hand no 
 
 Thou seek'st, of friendly league, I give ; and when 
 
 To-morrow's sun shall rise, thou shalt depart 
 
 Gladdened with aid of warriors and supplies. 
 
 Meanwhile, since ye have hither come as friends, 
 
 Celebrate now with us these annual rites *»s 
 
 Of ours, we are forbidden to defer, 
 
 And to our tables come as welcome guests." 
 
 This said, he bids the interrupted feast 
 
 Be served again, and cups replaced. Himself 
 
 He leads the heroes to their grassy seats : *» 
 
 And first, iEneas to a maple throne 
 
 Invites, with shaggy lion's skin o'erspread. 
 
 With rival zeal the attendants and the priest 
 
Book fiii 319 
 
 Bring roasted flesh of bulls, and baskets heaped 
 
 With bread, and pour the wine. I nes then, 
 And all the Trojans, feast upon the chine 
 And entrails of the sacrificial ox. 
 
 Their hunger now appeased, Evander speaks: — 
 "These solemn forms, this customary feast, 
 
 This sacred altar, are on us imposed 
 
 By no vain superstition, ignorant 
 
 {){ the ancient gods. O Trojan guest, these rites 
 
 We observe, because preserved from dangers dire, 
 
 Renewing thus the honors that are due. 
 
 First look upon yon craggy pile, on stones 
 
 Suspended ; scattered far and wide, the rocks 
 
 Are strewn ; how lonely and deserted stands 
 
 That mountain-fortress; with what ruin wild 
 
 The cliffs are dragged and toppled from above! 
 
 That was the cave hewn in a vast recess 
 
 Where dwelt the terrible half-human form 
 
 Ot Cacus; where no sunbeams found their wav ; 
 
 And ever with fresh slaughter smoked the gr 
 
 On the proud portals fixed hung heads ot men, 
 
 Pallid and ghastly in their clotted gore. Hi 
 
 This monster's i>ire was Vulcan ; his the flam 
 
3 2 o The ^Eneid. 
 
 And smoke that issued from his mouth. His boast 
 
 Was in his mighty bulk. But time at length 
 
 Brought aid long wished, and the advent of a god. 
 
 Alcides came, the great avenger, proud 25° 
 
 From triple Geryon's slaughter and his spoils, 
 
 And hither drove his captured bulls, which filled 
 
 The river and the vale. But Cacus, fired 
 
 With fury, left untried no stratagem 
 
 Or crime ; took from their stalls four comely bulls, 25s 
 
 And heifers four, of beauty unsurpassed; 
 
 And, lest their hoof-prints should betray the theft, 
 
 He dragged them backwards, with the tracks reversed, 
 
 And hid them in his gloomy cave. No signs 
 
 The seeker found to lead him to the place. *fo 
 
 Meanwhile, when now Amphitryon's son prepared 
 
 To move his full-fed herd, and to depart, 
 
 The cattle, as they left, began to low, 
 
 And filled the woods and hills with their complaints. 
 
 When, from the cave, one of the cows returned ^s 
 
 The sound ; and thus, though guarded close, betrayed 
 
 The hope of Cacus. Burning then with rage, 
 
 Alcides seized his arms and knotted club, 
 
 And gained the mountain's summit. Cacus then 
 
 For the first time was seen to shrink and quail, =70 
 
Bi 
 
 mi. 
 
 With troubled eyes ; and swifter than the wind 
 He fled to his cave. Fear to his feet gave ur 
 Then, having entered his retreat, he br< 
 The chains, and dropped the enormous .stone that hung 
 Suspended by his lather's skill in iron, »7$ 
 
 And with the heaw mass his doorway blocked. 
 Hut \o ! the enraged Tirynthian god was there; 
 Ili- eye searched all about through every part 
 To rind an entrance, while he gnashed his teeth 
 With rage. Thrice round the Aventine he searched, iSa 
 With burning wrath. Thrice he essayed the door 
 01 rock in vain, and thrice sat down to rest. 
 There stood a sharp crag on the cavern's ridge, 
 With steep-cut sides and towering height, the abode 
 Of tierce, ill-omened birds. This, as it hung »lj 
 
 Above the river, bearing full against 
 Its sides, he shook, and loosed it from its base. 
 W ith sudden crash it falls, and the wide air 
 Resounds ; the river-banks asunder leap ; 
 Back rush the frightened waters: and the cave 
 Of Cacus stands revealed, with all its vast 
 And gloomy rooms. As though by some great hock 
 The earth should to its very centre yawn, 
 And all the internal world and pallid realms 
 41 
 
322 The Aineid. 
 
 Hateful to gods disclosed, and from above 295 
 
 The drear abyss unbared, within whose deeps 
 
 The trembling ghosts shrink from the light let in ; 
 
 So, caught amid the unexpected glare 
 
 Of sudden daylight, prisoned in his cave, 
 
 With strange and hideous voice the monster roars. 300 
 
 Alcides from above comes pressing on 
 
 With all his arms, and with huge stones and clubs 
 
 Assails him fast. But, wonderful to tell, 
 
 He, seeing no escape, pours from his throat 
 
 Great clouds of smoke, that naught can be discerned, s°s 
 
 And from the bottom of the cave rolls up 
 
 A smoky night of mingled gloom and fire. 
 
 But this Alcides suffered not ; enraged, 
 
 With headlong leap he plunges through the flames, 
 
 There where the smoke ascends in thickest waves, 31° 
 
 And the huge cave with blackest vapor boils. 
 
 Here Cacus in the darkness breathing fires 
 
 In vain, he seizes, grasping like a knot 
 
 His limbs, and clinging, throttles him, until 
 
 His eyes start from their sockets, and his throat 3 J s 
 
 Is drained of blood. Then open wide, the doors 
 
 Wrenched off, the gloomy den is seen, and shows 
 
 The stolen kine and plunder he forswore. 
 
Book 
 
 mi. 
 
 Forth by the feet the hideous corpse is dragged. 
 The peasants gaze insatiate on the face 
 1 dreadful eyes, and on the hairy brea t, 
 
 And the tell thru.it with its extingui bed fii 
 Since then, wc pay the hero honors due, 
 
 I joyfully observe this sacred day; 
 Potitius first, and the Pinarian line, 
 
 The guardian oi these rite> of Hercules, 
 Built in the grove this altar, which we call 
 Our Greatest, and this name shall ever hear. 
 
 Wherefore, O warriors, wreathe your hair with leaves, 
 
 In honor of this deed; reach forth your cup 3J° 
 
 Invoke the god, whose name both you and we 
 
 Revere, and willingly pour out the wine." 
 
 Thus having spoken, with the sacred leaves 
 
 Oi double-tinted poplar he en wreathed 
 
 IIi> hair, from which the hanging garlands drooped; 335 
 
 And in his right hand grasped the sacred cup. 
 
 Then joyfully the warriors pour the wine 
 
 Upon the table, and adore the gods. 
 
 Meanwhile the sinking sun brought evening near. 
 
 I now the priests, Potitius leading them, 
 Came clad in customary garb ot skins, 
 
324 The Aineid. 
 
 And bearing torches, and prepare to lay 
 
 The grateful offerings of the evening feast, 
 
 And heap the altars with the loaded plates. 
 
 And round about the sacrificial fires 345 
 
 The Salians sing, their brows with poplar crowned ; 
 
 One band of youths, another of old men ; 
 
 The praises and the deeds of Hercules 
 
 They chant : — how when a babe he grasped and crushed 
 
 The serpents his step-mother Juno sent ; 350 
 
 How he in war great cities overthrew, 
 
 Troy, and CEchalia ; how a thousand tasks 
 
 Of stern emprise, by King Eurystheus' 
 
 Command, and hostile Juno's, he achieved. 
 
 " Thou, O unconquered one, thou didst subdue 355 
 
 The cloud-born Centaur shapes, the double-formed, 
 
 Hyla?us and Pholus; and the Cretan boar; 
 
 And the huge lion 'neath the Nemean rocks. 
 
 Before thee shuddering shrank the Stygian lake. 
 
 At thy approach the keeper of the gates 360 
 
 Of Orcus trembled, crouching o'er his heaps 
 
 Or half-gnawed bones within his bloody den. 
 
 No dreadful shapes appalled thee : not Typhoeus 
 
 Himself, of towering height, and wielding arms. 
 
 Nor could the Hydra's swarm of serpent heads 3*s 
 
'/• I III. 
 
 Surprise thee unprepared. 1 1. til, thou true son 
 Of fove, who addest glory to the gods] 
 Be with us, and thy favoring presence dei 
 
 with tlu-ir hymns they sing and celebrate 
 The hero's deeds ; and Cacus breathing fire, 
 
 I his grim cave, they add. The wood resounds 
 And the hills echo hack the ringing note-. 
 
 And now their sacred rites performed, they all 
 
 Turn to the city. Burdened with old 
 
 The king moves onward, keeping at his side 
 
 /Eneas, and his son, and cheers the way 
 
 \\ ith various discourse; while all around 
 
 The hero, admiring, turns his mobile eyes* 
 
 And, pleased, inquires, and hears the records told 
 
 Of each memorial of the men of eld. j*o 
 
 Evander then, Rome's earliest founder, spoke : — 
 
 "These groves were once by native Fauns and Nymphs 
 
 Inhabited, and men who took their birth 
 
 1 >m tough oak-trunks. No settled mode of life 
 
 Had they, nor culture; nor knew how to yoke 
 
 Their steer-, or heap up wealth, or use their stoi 
 
 With frugal hand-; but the rough chase supplied 
 
 Their food, or boughs of trees. Then Saturn came 
 
326 The JEneid. 
 
 From high Olympus, fleeing before Jove, 
 
 An exile from the kingdoms he had lost. 390 
 
 This stubborn race through mountain wilds dispersed 
 
 He brought together, and to them gave laws; 
 
 And called the region Latium, since he had lurked 
 
 In safety on its shores. Beneath his reign 
 
 The golden age, so called, was seen. In peace 39s 
 
 He ruled his people ; till by gradual steps 
 
 There came a faded and degenerate age, 
 
 And love of war succeeded, and of gain. 
 
 Then came Ausonians and Sicanians ; 
 
 And oft the name Saturnia was changed. 4=0 
 
 Then kings succeeded, and the form immense 
 
 Of rugged Thybris, from whom came the name 
 
 Tiber; while that of Albula was lost. 
 
 Me, from my country driven to lands remote, 
 
 Chance and inevitable fate have placed 4-5 
 
 Upon these shores ; the nymph Carmentis too, 
 
 My mother, urging me with warnings dread, 
 
 And great Apollo who first prompted me." 
 
 Then moving onward, he an altar shows, 
 
 And gate, which now the name Carmental bears 4«° 
 
 In Rome; an old revered memorial 
 
B H>k l 111. 
 
 Of the prophetic nymph who first foretold 
 The future heroes oi Eneas' line, 
 
 .1 noble Pallanteum; next, the grove 
 
 its out, which Romulus the Asylum named; ■*•; 
 
 Then the Lupercal cool beneath the rock , 
 Named after Pan, by old Arcadian wont ; 
 And Argiletum's grove be shows, and tells 
 
 Of Argus' death, his guest ; and calls the Bpot 
 I witness, he was guiltless ol the deed. 4«« 
 
 Then on to the Tarpeian rock he lead-. 
 The way, and to the Capitol, now decked 
 With gold, then rough with bushes wild. 
 i then the dark religion of the place 
 
 Haunted the timorous peasants with vague lears. 4-5 
 
 "Within this grove, upon this wooded hill," 
 
 He said, "some deity his dwelling made ; 
 
 Hut who or what, none knows. The Arcadians 
 
 Think they have seen great Jove himself, when oft 
 
 With hi- right hand he shook his darkening shield, no 
 
 And called his clouds around him. Yon two towns 
 
 W 1th ruined walls thou seest, the relics old 
 
 And monuments oi ancient days : this i^nc 
 
 W as reared by Jan us, that by S.uum built ; 
 
 Saturnia and [aniculum their nam< 
 
328 The yEneid, 
 
 With such discourse they approached the dwelling-place 
 
 Of poor Evander : here and there his herds 
 
 Were lowing in the places where now stand 
 
 The Roman Forum, and Carina's pride. 
 
 Reaching the house, — " Alcides once," he said, 440 
 
 " Fresh from his conquests, passed into these halls. 
 
 Thou also, O my guest, dare to despise 
 
 The pomp of wealth, and make thy soul's desires 
 
 Worthy of such high deity ; nor come 
 
 Disdaining our small means and humble state." 44s 
 
 Saying this, beneath his narrow roof he led 
 
 The great iEneas, and upon a couch 
 
 Of leaves, with Lybian bearskin overspread, 
 
 He placed his guest. The night comes on apace, 
 
 And folds the earth around with dusky wings. 45° 
 
 / 
 But Venus, her maternal love alarmed 
 
 By the Laurentian threats and tumult wild, 
 
 To Vulcan, in their golden chamber, speaks, 
 
 And in her utterance breathes a love divine : — 
 
 "While Grecian kings were devastating Troy, 455 
 
 Whose falling towers were doomed by fate to flames, 
 
 I asked for those unhappy ones no help 
 
 From thee, nor armor of thy skill and power ; 
 
Book i in. 
 
 Nor thee, dear husband, did I wish to employ 
 
 In fruitless labors, though I owed BO much 
 
 To Priam's sons, and often wept to see 
 The cruel sufferings of ./Eneas. Now, 
 On the Rutulian shores, by Jove's command, 
 
 He plants his feet. Therefore I suppliant come, 
 And oi thy power divine, which I revere, *(>> 
 
 I ask for arms, — a mother for a son. 
 Thou to Nereus' daughter once didst yield, 
 And thee Tithonus' spouse with tears did move. 
 Behold, what tribes combine, what strong-barred gates 
 And ramparts frown against me, to destroy 4-0 
 
 My chosen ones! " So saying, her snow-white arms 
 She winds about her hesitating lord, 
 And fondles him with soft embrace. He soon 
 Melts in the well-known flame, and through his nerves 
 And limbs the penetrating passion thrills : 47s 
 
 As when the fiery rifts of lightning run 
 \\ ith thunder-peals across the gleaming clouds. 
 She, conscious of her charms, perceives with joy 
 The spell her beauty and her wiles have wrought. 
 Enthralled by his undying love, the sire 
 Then speaks : " Why seek so far thy argument r 
 Why should thy faith in me, O queen divine, 
 4* 
 
330 The Alneid. 
 
 Grow less ? Had such been thy desire, e'en Troy 
 
 I might have helped with arms; nor mighty Jove 
 
 Nor fate forbidding her proud walls to stand ; 485 
 
 And ten more years to Priam's life have given. 
 
 And now, if thou preparest war, — thy will 
 
 So fixed, — whatever lies within my art, 
 
 Of labor or of skill, in molten gold 
 
 And silver, or in steel, through fire, and breath 49° 
 
 Of winds, I promise thee. Cease then by prayers 
 
 To put thy strength in doubt." He said, and pressed 
 
 With fond embrace his spouse, and sank to sleep. 
 
 Then, when the night had passed her middle course, 
 
 And sleep given way to rest, what time the wife, * 495 
 
 Compelled to labor at the meagre loom 
 
 And distaff, to sustain her life, revives 
 
 The smouldering coals and ashes on her hearth, 
 
 And adds the night unto her daily toil ; 
 
 And by the firelight sets her maids their tasks ; s°° 
 
 So she may keep a chaste bed for her spouse, 
 
 And rear her little ones : so at that hour 
 
 The potent fire-god, not less slack, awakes 
 
 From his soft couch, and plies his wonted work. 
 
B ok i in. 
 
 Near Sicily and .'I'olian Lipari 
 An island rises steep, with smoking roc 
 
 leath, by huge Cyclopean foi 
 And eaten out, the vast -I £tnean cai 
 Thunder, and mighty anvil strokes are heard ; 
 And all the caverns roar and hiss, with hi sio 
 
 01 fiery steel, from panting furna< 
 The abode dl Vulcan this, lending its name 
 To the surrounding soil. Here from on high 
 
 o o 
 
 The fire-god lights. Below, the Cyclops toil 
 
 Over their forges J Brontes, Steropes, 
 
 I naked-limbed Pyracmon. In their hands 
 A thunderbolt, half polished, half unshaped 
 I Many ot these the father sends from heaven 
 
 n the earth) : three shafts they had added now, 
 Ot hail, three of dark rainy cloud, three more 
 Ot rla^iing-tire, and three of stormy wind. 
 N W with their work they mingled noise and fear, 
 And tierce territic glare, and wrath, with wild 
 Pursuing flames. Elsewhere with urgent hands 
 They t>>rge tor Mars the car and flying wheels s j s 
 
 W ith which he rouses men and towns to war. 
 Also the angry Pallas' arms are wrought ; 
 The terrible JEglS bright with serpent scales 
 
3 12 The sEneid. 
 
 And gold; the Gorgon worn upon her breast, 
 
 With twisted snakes, and head lopped off, whose eyes 530 
 
 Still turn and glare. "Away with all of this," 
 
 He cries, " iEtnean Cyclops ! Lay aside 
 
 These tasks begun, and hither turn your thoughts. 
 
 Arms for a valiant hero must be made. 
 
 Your strength, your swift hands, and your finest art 535 
 
 Are needed now. Haste then ! " No more he said. 
 
 They all bend swiftly to their work, and share 
 
 Their tasks alike. The copper and the gold 
 
 Then flow in streams; and in the furnace melts 
 
 The deadly steel. A mighty shield they forge, 540 
 
 Proof in itself against all Latium's darts. 
 
 With orbed plates on plates in sevenfold strength 
 
 They weld it. Some at the windy bellows work ; 
 
 Some plunge the hissing copper in the trough. 
 
 The cavern groans with anvils. Up and down -45 
 
 With ringing blows and measured time they strike, 
 
 And turn the masses with the pincers' grip. 
 
 While 'mid the /Eolian rocks the Lemnian sire 
 
 Thus speeds his work, the tender light of dawn 
 
 And songs of early birds beneath the roof ss° 
 
 Waken Evander from his humble couch. 
 
 
Book i in. 
 
 Up rises the old king, and dons hia robe, 
 
 Ami binds the Tuscan sandals on his feet, 
 
 And girds about him his Arcadian sword. 
 
 From his left shoulder hangs a leopard's skin. sss 
 
 Two watch-dogs from the threshold run before 
 
 Their master's steps. He, mindful oi his words 
 
 And promise, seeks the chamber of his guest, 
 
 For private conference. ,/Eneas too 
 
 Rose at an early hour. Pallas his son 
 
 ( >mes with the king, Achates with the chief. 
 
 They meet, join hands, and, sitting down, they talk 
 
 In unrestrained discourse. And first the king: — 
 
 "Great leader of the Trojans, who being safe, 
 
 Troy never can be utterly o'erthrown ; 
 
 Small is our strength proportioned to our name 
 
 To aid this war. The Tuscan river here 
 
 Hems us about. There, pressing round our walls, 
 
 Rutulian arms resound. But I intend 
 
 To make a league with thee, of powerful tri': 
 
 And armaments of wealthy kingdoms. Chance 
 
 I nlooked for shows a way of safety near. 
 
 By fate's requirement thou hast come to us. 
 
 N ot far from hence the ancient city stands, 
 
334 The yEneid. 
 
 Agylla, where the Lydian race, renowned 575 
 
 In war, once settled on the Etruscan hills. 
 
 At last, when it had flourished many years, 
 
 Mezentius with a proud and cruel sway 
 
 Held it. Why need I tell this tyrant's deeds 
 
 Of murder that no language can describe ? 580 
 
 The gods requite such crimes on him and his ! 
 
 A wretch, who bound the living to the dead, — 
 
 Bound hands to hands, faces to faces chained, — 
 
 And left them tortured in a loathed embrace 
 
 Of pest and blood, to die slow, cruel deaths. 585 
 
 But wearied out at last by these mad crimes, 
 
 The citizens rose up in arms 'gainst him 
 
 And all his house, and slew his friends, and fired 
 
 His palace roof. He, fleeing thence, amid 
 
 The slaughter of the Rutuli, escaped, 59° 
 
 And sought the friendly shelter and defence 
 
 Of Turnus. Wherefore all Etruria rose 
 
 Inflamed with righteous wrath, demanding war 
 
 Immediate, and the tyrant's punishment. 
 
 These hosts I give thee, thou their leader be. 595 
 
 For all along the shore their galleys crowd 
 
 With warlike cries, entreating to advance. 
 
 An aged soothsayer restrains their zeal 
 
» 
 
 With fateful words: 'Ye brave M >nians, 
 The flower and strength of old heroic tiro 
 Bv righteous indignation gainst your I 
 Impelled, and kindled by Mezentius' crira 
 
 hief of Italy must lead this h 
 Choose ye a foreign leader.' Terrified 
 By such divine commands, the Etruscan tro< 
 On yonder field encamp. Tarchon himself 
 Has sent ambassadors, who offer me 
 The crown and sceptre, and each royal bad 
 If I will join their camp, and be their ki: 
 But envious old age with slow chilled blood 
 And strength worn down, too late for war's emprise, 
 
 tlics this rule to me. I would exhort 
 My son to take it, were it not that he, 
 Born of a Sabine mother, and mixed race, 
 Drew from this land a portion of his blood. 
 Thou, favored by thy years and foreign birth, 
 And whom the deities demand, — take thou 
 This place, brave leader ol the united ho I 
 
 Troy and Italy. I give, beside . 
 My Pallas, hope and solace of my age. 
 Under thy master hand my boy shall learn 
 I endure the hard and heavy tasks ot war; 
 
2)^6 The sEneid. 
 
 And while still young, know thee, and see thv deeds. 
 Two hundred norsemen, choice Arcadian youths, 
 I send with him. Pallas himself will add 625 
 
 As many of his own." 
 
 Scarce had he spoken 
 (/Eneas and Achates with fixed eyes 
 Sat musing gloomily on many things) 
 When from the clear sky Cytherea gave 
 A sign, — a sudden flash, a sudden peal 630 
 
 Of thunder, and a shock that seemed to hurl 
 All things together. Through the ether rang 
 The Tyrrhene trumpets; up they looked: again 
 And yet again the fearful thunder crashed. 
 Then in the heavens serene, amid the clouds, 635 
 
 Arms are seen gleaming, and their clang is heard. 
 The others stand amazed. iEneas knew 
 The sound, and promise that his mother gave. 
 " Seek not, my host," he says, "seek not to know 
 The event these prodigies portend : 't is I Up 
 
 The heavens demand. This is the promised sign 
 My goddess mother gives, should war impend, 
 That she would aid me, bringing through the skies 
 Vulcanian arms. But ah, what carnage dire 
 Must fall upon Laurentum's wretched sons! m 
 
Book vni. 
 
 What penalties, Tumus, must thou pay ' 
 
 What shields and helmets and brave forms will thou, 
 
 father Tiber, roll beneath thy waves! 
 
 Now raise your battle cry, and break your leagu 
 
 \\c said, and from his throne arose; and first 6 5 o 
 
 Stirs on the altars the Herculean tires 
 
 That smouldering lay, and, light of heart, draws near 
 
 The household gods adored the day before. 
 
 Due sacrifice they make of chosen Bheep, 
 
 Evander and the Trojans all alike ; 6 5S 
 
 Then to his ships and to his friends returns. 
 
 From them he chooses those who best excel 
 
 In valorous deeds, to follow to the war; 
 
 The rest tioat down the river, and convey 
 
 Tidings to young Ascanius of his sire 66 3 
 
 And ot his fortunes. Horses then are given 
 
 To those whose course is o'er the Tuscan fields. 
 
 A nobler steed is led forth for their chief, 
 
 (J'er^pread with lion's skin and gilded claws. 
 
 n through the little town the rumor Spreads "s 
 
 That to the shore> of the Etrurian kin 
 A band ot horsemen rapidly advaiu 
 
 43 
 
338 The sEneid. 
 
 Then matrons in their fear renew their vows. 
 
 Terror treads closer upon Danger's steps, 
 
 And Mars's image towers a larger shape. 670 
 
 Evander, as his son prepares to go, 
 
 Grasping his hand, clings with a close embrace, 
 
 And, weeping unrelieving tears, thus speaks: — 
 
 "Ah, would that Jove would only bring again 
 To me my vanished years, as once I was, 6 75 
 
 When underneath Pra?neste's walls I fought 
 And conquered ; when I burned whole piles of shields, 
 And with this hand sent Herilus to death ; 
 To whom Feronia his mother gave 
 
 Three lives, and weapons thrice in battle used! 680 
 
 Three deaths it took to slay him. Yet so oft 
 I slew him, and so oft despoiled of arms. 
 Then from thy dear embrace I should not thus, 
 Dear child, be torn ; nor had Mezentius ever, 
 Insulting o'er a neighbor-chief, thus brought 6s 5 
 
 Such deaths and devastations on our towns. 
 But you, O gods! and thou, supremest Jove! 
 Pity, I pray, this king of Arcady, 
 And hear a father's prayers. If your decree — 
 If fate preserve my Pallas to me, safe, 6qc 
 
 And I shall live to meet him once again, 
 
Book viii. 
 
 Then life I a<k, whatever lot I endure. 
 
 But it perchance some dread disaster frowns, 
 
 Now, now release me from this cruel life, 
 
 \\ bile hope is vague, and cares hang in suspense, — 
 
 While still I clasp thee to my heart, dear boy, 
 Mv latest and my sole delight, — lest neW8 
 Too heavy to be borne assail my ears ! " 
 
 Such this last parting of the sire and son. 
 Then, taint and overpowered, they bear him home. 700 
 
 And now the riders through the open gates 
 
 Had passed ; /Eneas with the foremost goes, 
 
 And trusty Achates; then the other chiefs 
 
 Of Troy. Pallas himself rode in the midst, 
 
 Conspicuous with his scarf, and shield adorned 705 
 
 With painted emblems. Like the Morning Star, — 
 
 By Venus more beloved than all the fires 
 
 Or heaven, — when wet from Ocean's wave he lifts 
 
 His sacred light, and melts the shades away. 
 
 The timid mothers stand upon the walls, -■ 
 
 And follow with their eyes the dusty cloud 
 
 And glittering squadrons. They through bushes SCOur, 
 
 The nearest way. Shouts ring. The line is formed. 
 
 Their galloping hoof-beats shake the crumbling plain. 
 
34° The Aineid. 
 
 Near Caere's river cold a spacious grove 71s 
 
 There is, to all around a sacred place 
 In the ancestral faith, enclosed about 
 By hills and gloomy firs. 'T is said that there 
 Silvanus, god of fields and flocks, received 
 Due sacrifice and festal rites among 7" 
 
 The old Pelasgians, who first held the land. 
 Hard by, the Tuscan bands with Tarchon lay 
 Encamped secure; their legions might be seen 
 From the hill-top, far stretching o'er the fields. 
 ./Eneas and his warriors to this spot 725 
 
 Repair, and rest their limbs, and tend their steeds. 
 
 But Venus, the bright goddess, mid the clouds 
 
 Had now drawn near, bearing her gifts. Far off 
 
 She saw her son deep in a vale, alone 
 
 By the cold river, and appearing, spake : n° 
 
 " See, O my son, the promised work complete, 
 
 Wrought by my husband's skill ; nor fear thou now 
 
 To challenge to the fight the haughty sons 
 
 Of Latium, or fierce Turnus to confront." 
 
 This saying, she approached, embraced her son, 735 
 
 And placed the radiant arms beneath an oak. 
 
 He, with such honors and such gifts elate, 
 
Book nil. 3 j i 
 
 Glances insatiate over every pan ; 
 :cs in wonder, turning in hii bands 
 
 The terrible helmet with it- Banning ere t, •* 
 
 The fateful sword of death, the corselet huge 
 
 Of bronzy bloody hue, as when a cloud 
 
 Burns in the sunbeams shining from afar; 
 
 Also the polished greaves of fine-wrought gold; 
 
 The Spear; and then the shield, whose workmanship -4; 
 
 No tongue can tell. 
 
 The fire-god, not unskilled 
 In prophet-lore, and of the times to come, 
 
 I wrought the Roman triumphs here, the events 
 Of Italy; there all Ascanius' line 
 1 • come, and all the wars in order ranged. 
 Here lav the she-wolf in the cave of Mars, 
 And hanging round her udders the two babes 
 W ere playing, tearless, while she gave them suck, 
 Or bending back her neck, caressed by turns 
 And shaped them with her tongue. Near by were seen 
 The walls ot Rome; the Sabine women seized 
 'Mid the Circensian games, with lawless hands ; 
 And the new war that sudden rose, between 
 The men of Romulus, and Tatius old. 
 W ith his rough Cures. Then, when war is o'er, 
 
342 The Aineid. 
 
 Before Jove's altars stood the armed kings, 
 
 And held the sacred goblets, while with blood 
 
 Of slaughtered swine they join in friendly league. 
 
 Not far from this, was Mettus torn apart 
 
 By chariots twain, four horses yoked to each 765 
 
 (Alban, thou shouldst have kept thy plighted faith) ; 
 
 And Tullus, who the traitor's bleeding flesh 
 
 Dragged through the thickets, till the briers dripped blood; 
 
 Also Porsenna, threatening Rome with siege, 
 
 Commands that banished Tarquin be received. 770 
 
 The i^Eneadae were rushing to their arms, 
 
 For liberty, while he, as with a threat, 
 
 Indignant stood, that Codes dares destroy 
 
 The bridge, and Cloelia with her broken chains 
 
 Has swum the river. On the upper part 77s 
 
 The guard of the Tarpaean citadel, 
 
 Manlius, stood firm, and held the Capitol. 
 
 The royal house of Romulus was seen, 
 
 Rough with its new-thatched roof of bristling straw. 
 
 Here, flying through the gilded porticos, i%* 
 
 A silver goose announced the Gauls were near: 
 
 They through the thickets had approached, and held 
 
 The citadel, by night and darkness screened : 
 
 Their garments and their hair were wrought in gold : 
 
B ' ok i in. 3 1 1 
 
 In -short striped cloakfl they shone : their milk-white m I 
 
 \\\-rc ringed with gold : each shook two Alpine 
 
 And wore a long shield to protect his limbs. 
 
 Here were depicted dancing Salii, 
 
 Naked Luperci, and the wool-tipped caps 
 
 Of flamens, and the shields that fell from heaven. 790 
 
 : . through the streets In easy carriai 
 Chaste matrons a devout procession led. 
 Far ofr" were seen the deep Tartarean realms 
 Of Dis; the penalties of crime; and thee, 
 O Cataline, upon a frowning cliff 79s 
 
 Hanging in dread suspense, aghast with fear 
 Before the Furies : then, the pious souls 
 Apart, and Cato giving laws to them. 
 Midway, a picture ot the sea, in gold, 
 
 With foaming waves of silver, was inwrought ; 800 
 
 Bright silvery dolphins through the waters swept 
 In circling course, and cut the frothy tide. 
 And in the middle of the sea appeared 
 The tight of Actium, and the brass-clad fleets; 
 And all Leucate you might see in arms, 
 And the waves blazing in the golden sheen. 
 
 I here Augustus Caesar led to war 
 His people, and the fathers, and their gods. 
 
344 The Aineid. 
 
 He stands upon the lofty stern ; two flames 
 
 Play round his brows; the star that led his sire sio 
 
 Shines o'er his head. Agrippa marshals there 
 
 His hosts, impetuous, with propitious winds 
 
 And auspices ; upon the conqueror's brows 
 
 A golden naval crown with shining beaks. 
 
 There, with barbaric allies, and with arms 815 
 
 Of fashion multiform, comes Antony, 
 
 Victorious from the East, and Indian shores ; 
 
 Egypt, and forces of the Orient lands 
 
 He brings, and distant Bactra ; and behind 
 
 Follows his course — O shame! — the Egyptian wife, szo 
 
 Onward they come together, and the waves 
 
 Are tossed in foam beneath their long-drawn oars 
 
 And trident beaks : as though the Cyclades 
 
 Uptorn were floating; or as mountains struck 
 
 Together; such a weight of tower-crowned ships t*i 
 
 Was urged along. They hurl the blazing tow, 
 
 The flying steel propel ; the watery fields 
 
 Redden with carnage of the fight begun. 
 
 The queen with ringing sistrum calls to arms, 
 
 Nor sees behind her yet the serpents twain. 830 
 
 The dog Anubis, and all monstrous shapes 
 
 Of demigods, with weapons drawn oppose 
 
 
Boo I i in. 3 |5 
 
 Neptune, and Venus, and Minerva's power. 
 Mars cased tn steel is raging in ihe midst; 
 The Furies fell arc there; and Discord mov< 
 
 icing, with her mantle rent. Behind 
 
 Bellona follows with her bloody scourge. 
 Actian Apollo from above beholds, 
 
 1 bends his bow. Then, with that terror smit, 
 pt and India and Arabia all 840 
 
 Turn back and fly. The queen herself was seen 
 
 tsening the ropes, and hoisting sails to catch 
 The wind. Here had the fire-god shown how she, 
 Pale with the thought of coming death, was borne 
 Amid the slaughter on, with waves and Winds ; 
 While sorrowing Xilus opened wide his breast 
 And ample robes, and called them to his arms, 
 And hid the vanquished in his secret waves 
 Of sheltering blue. But Cavsar, borne along 
 In triple triumph to the Roman walls, 850 
 
 Here to the gods of Italy devotes 
 
 Three hundred shrines. With games and joyous shouts 
 The streets are ringing ; choirs of matrons throng 
 The temples ; at the altars victims bleed. 
 He at Apollo's shining gateway sits, 
 Reviews the gifts of nations, and hangs up 
 44 
 
346 The JEneid. 
 
 The spoils upon the lofty temple gates. 
 
 The conquered tribes in long procession march, 
 
 With various tongues, and various garbs, and arms : 
 
 Uncinctured Africans and Nomads wild, 860 
 
 And Carians, and Gelonians armed with bows, 
 
 And Leleges.* Euphrates' waters flow 
 
 With gentler course. The far-off Morini 
 
 Are seen ; the two-horned Rhine ; the Dahae fierce ; 
 
 And the Araxes' stream that spurned his bridge. s6 5 
 
 Such things on Vulcan's shield, his mother's gift, 
 
 i^Eneas scanned in wonder ; ignorant 
 
 Of all, yet with the imagery moved 
 
 To joy, upon his shoulders he uplifts 
 
 The fame and fates of his posterity. 870 
 
BOOK IX. 
 
 *\\ rHILE these events in other places pi ed, 
 
 Iris is sent by Juno from the skies 
 To valiant Turn us, lie within a iirove 
 
 o 
 By chance was sitting, once his ancestor's, 
 
 Pilumnus, in a consecrated glen. s 
 
 I i whom, with rosy lips, Thaumantias spoke: — 
 
 "Turnus, what none of all the gods would dare 
 
 I i grant, if thou shouldst ask it, now, behold, 
 
 Revolving time brings of its own accord. 
 
 His city, Beet, and friends i'Eneas leaves, «o 
 
 And seeks Evander's kingdom and his court. 
 
 Nor is this yet enough : he penetrates 
 
 Cortona's farthest bounds; the Lydian bands 
 
 He arms, and peasants gathered from the fields. 
 
 Why lingerest thou? Now i> the time to call «s 
 
 1 or chariots and for steeds. No more delay] 
 
 But seize upon thy foe's disordered camp." 
 
348 The yEneid. 
 
 She said, and toward the skies she spread her wings, 
 
 And, flying, traced her rainbow on the clouds. 
 
 The youth knew then the goddess, and his hands 20 
 
 Uplifted, and his voice thus followed her : — 
 
 " Iris, thou glory of the sky, who sent 
 
 To me thy radiant form, so swift impelled 
 
 Through clouds? Whence comes this sudden burst of 
 
 lignt r 
 I see the heavens break open in the midst, *s 
 
 And stars go wandering in the firmament. 
 Such omens I obey, whoe'er thou art 
 Who callest me to arms." Then to the stream 
 He goes, and scoops the water with his hands, 
 Invokes the gods, and loads the air with vows. 30 
 
 And now his army moves across the plains, 
 
 Sumptuous with steeds and gold-embroidered robes 
 
 Messapus leads the van, and Tyrrheus' sons 
 
 Support the rear ; and in the centre rides 
 
 Their leader, Turnus, towering in his arms. 3s 
 
 So with its seven peaceful channels swells 
 
 The deep and silent Ganges, or the Nile, 
 
 Back from the fields with fertilizing wave 
 
 Flowing, then shrinking to its wonted course. 
 
Book /.v. 345 
 
 The Trojans now behold I Midden cloud 4© 
 
 Of dust ari.se, and darken all the fields. 
 
 Ami first Caicus from the mound in front, 
 
 1 Kclaims: "What means this black and rolling ma 
 
 Quick, — bring your swords, your BpeajS, and mount the 
 
 walls! 
 Behold, the enemy I " Then with a shout 45 
 
 The Trojans enter, and bar up the gates, 
 And man the ramparts. Such was the command 
 ./Eneas, skilled in arms, departing, gave, 
 That should such chance occur, they must not dare 
 A battle in the open field; but keep 50 
 
 W ithin their camp and mounded walls, secure. 
 So though disposed by anger and by shame 
 To meet the foe in conflict, they obey 
 His wise commands, and making fast their gates, 
 Within their towers, well armed, they await the attack. 55 
 
 Tumus, who sped with riving pace before 
 
 lli- tardv troops, a chosen band with him 
 
 Or twenty horsemen, unforeseen approached. 
 
 On a white-Spotted Thracian steed he rode; 
 
 His helmet i.s of gold, with flaming crest. 
 
 " And which ot vou, O youth*," he cries, " with me 
 
350 The Aineid. 
 
 Will first attack the foe ? Behold ! " With that 
 
 He hurled a javelin through the air; and thus 
 
 Began the battle ; then across the field 
 
 He gallops. With a shout his comrades join, 6 5 
 
 And follow him with fearful battle-cries ; 
 
 And wonder at the Trojans' timid hearts, 
 
 Who will not take the field in open fight, 
 
 But cling to their encampment. Round the walls, 
 
 Now here, now there, the chieftain rides, and seeks 70 
 
 An entrance; like a wolf that raging prowls 
 
 About the folds, exposed to winds and rains 
 
 At midnight, while the bleating lambs lie safe 
 
 Beneath their mothers, and, enraged and fierce, 
 
 Snarls at the prey he cannot reach, impelled 75 
 
 By long mad hunger that drains dry his throat. 
 
 So the Rutulian, gazing at the walls 
 
 And camp, his anger burns through all his limbs. 
 
 How find an entrance, how dislodge his foes 
 
 Intrenched behind their ramparts, forcing them 80 
 
 To fight on equal terms ? The fleet that lay 
 
 Concealed beside the camp, girt round with banks 
 
 And channels, he determines to assail. 
 
 To his exulting comrades then he calls 
 
 For fire, and grasps a flaming pine-wood torch. 85 
 
B '/• ix. 
 
 i 
 
 
 Then to their work, by Turnus' pi 
 Tin !1 armed with brands: the) rob the h< 
 
 The smoking torches glare with pitchy flame , 
 ,1 to the stars ascend the fiery Bpark 
 
 Ye Me what god averted then 
 
 Such dreadful burning from the Trojan ships. 
 Though ancient the belief in this event, 
 The tame thereof forever shall endure. 
 
 When upon Phrygian [da /Eneas first 
 
 lli fleet was building, with intent to sail, 9$ 
 
 The Berecynthian mother o( th 
 
 'T 1- ~.'.ui, thus made appeal to mighty Jove: — 
 
 " 1 irant now, my son, a boon thy parent dear 
 
 I I imands of thee, the ruler o\ the ski) 
 
 A grove of pines, cherished for many yeai , i<x> 
 
 mine, on Ida's summit, where to me 
 rings and sacred rites were paid ; a place 
 
 Darkened by tir-trex^ and by maple boughs. 
 
 These to the Dardan warrior in his need 
 
 I gladly gave, wherewith to build his fleet. 
 
 Hut now my heart is sad with anxious feai 
 thou dispel them: grant this to my pray< 
 
352 The Aineid. 
 
 That by their voyage they may ne'er be shaken, 
 
 Or overwhelmed by any stormy wind. 
 
 Let it avail, that on our mount they grew." no 
 
 To whom her son who rolls the heavenly orbs 
 
 Made answer : " Whither dost thou call the fates, 
 
 O mother ? What demandest thou for these, 
 
 Thy ships ? Can they, by hands of mortals built, 
 
 Enjoy immortal rights? And shall iEneas, "s 
 
 Certain to win, pass through uncertain straits 
 
 Of danger ? To what god was ever power 
 
 Like this allowed ? Nay, rather, when their course 
 
 Is ended, and they reach the Ausonian ports, 
 
 What vessels shall escape the storms, and bear no 
 
 The Trojan leader to the Italian shores, 
 
 Their mortal forms I then will change to shapes 
 
 Of sea-nymphs, cleaving with their breasts the waves 
 
 Like Doto, or like Galatea." Thus 
 
 He spoke, and sealed his promise by appeal 125 
 
 To his dread brother's Stygian streams of fire ; 
 
 The torrents, and black gulfs of whirling pitch. 
 
 And as he nodded, all Olympus thrilled. 
 
 So now the promised day at length had come, — 
 
 The destined time completed by the fates; 130 
 
Book i\. 
 
 5 5 J 
 
 When the assault oi Turnus on the ships 
 \\ irned the great mother to defend from flan 
 Their consecrated wood. And first a fla h 
 
 I their eyes with unaccustomed light; 
 And from the east a great cloud streamed acr< ns 
 
 The heavens, and the Idaean bands appeared ; 
 i through the air there rang an awful VON 
 That filled both armies: "Trojans, make no haste 
 I eize your weapons and defend your -hips. 
 Turnus shall burn the seas before his hand 140 
 
 Can touch my sacred pines. Go forth, released 
 And Tree, as goddesses of ocean go! 
 It i< the mother of the gods commands! " 
 Then all at once the vessels snap their cords, 
 And with their plunging beaks like dolphins dive '45 
 
 •ath the wave- ; thence, wondrous prodigy, 
 As many virgin forms arise to view 
 And swim upon the surface or the sea, 
 
 n the beach, before, stood brazen prows. 
 
 Amazement seized the Rutuli ; and e'en 
 
 Messapus, with his rearing horses, quailed. 
 
 The Tiber, hoarsely Bounding, checked his wav.< . 
 
 And backward from the deep retraced his COU 
 45 
 
354 The sEneid. 
 
 But Turnus fears not, confident and bold. 
 
 Yet more, he lifts their courage with his words, 15s 
 
 Yea, even chides. "These prodigies," he cries, 
 
 "Are for the Trojans meant; and Jove himself 
 
 Snatches away their wonted means of help. 
 
 They wait not for Rutulian fires and swords, 
 
 These ships of theirs. So now the seas for them 160 
 
 Are pathless, for their hopes of flight are gone. 
 
 One half of their success is lost to them: 
 
 The land is in our hands. The Italian tribes 
 
 Bring their armed thousands. They affright me not, 
 
 These answers of the gods, whate'er they be, 165 
 
 The Phrygians boast. Enough that it was given 
 
 To Venus and the Fates, that they should reach 
 
 The Ausonian shores. - I also have my fate 
 
 Allotted, to destroy the accursed race, 
 
 Now that my bride is torn from me. ' That grief 170 
 
 Touches not Atreus' sons alone, nor Greeks 
 
 Alone for such a cause appeal to arms. 
 
 Yet to have perished once should be enough : 
 
 Enough to have committed once the offence 
 
 That should have made them loathe all woman-kind. 175 
 
 And these the men whose courage is sustained 
 
 By rampart interposed, and baffling trench, 
 
 
 
B '/• ix. 355 
 
 Their slight partition between them tnd death. 
 
 And yet have they not seen their wall, of Troy, 
 
 Though built by Neptune's hands, sink down in tlann 
 
 Hut you, O chosen warriors, which o( you i i 
 
 Will rend their palisades, and dare with me 
 I invade their trembling camp? No armor wrought 
 
 By Vulcan, nor a countless fleet, I need 
 
 i list these Trojans. Let Ktruria send 
 All her strong allies* Ay, they need not fear 
 The darkness, 'the Palladium's coward theft, 
 
 The keepers of the citadel struck down : 
 Nor that within the hollow o\ a horse 
 We hide. In open daylight we resolve 19 
 
 To ring their ramparts round about with fire. 
 Soon shall I make them think, that not with Greeks 
 And raw Pelasgian youths they have to deal, 
 Such as their Hector toiled for ten long Years. 
 And now, since the best portion of the day 
 U passed, give the remaining hours to rot, 
 O warriors, well content that all succeed-. 
 To-morrow morn stand ready lor the battle." 
 
 Meanwhile the charge to place the sentinels 
 About the gate-, and watch-fires round the walls, 
 
356 The Aineid. 
 
 Is given to Messapus. He selects 
 
 Twice seven Rutulian men to guard the fort; 
 
 And following each there come a hundred youths 
 
 With purple crests, and glittering with gold. 
 
 They shift their places, and relieve the guard ; 205 
 
 And scattered o'er the sward, their wine-cups drain. 
 
 The camp-fires blaze around ; the sleepless night 
 
 Is given up to revelry and sport. 
 
 All this the Trojans from their ramparts see, 
 
 And man their walls; with fear they test their gates, 210 
 
 And bridge the space 'twixt outwork, walls, and tower, 
 
 And bring supplies of weapons for defence. 
 
 Mnestheus and brave Serestus urge the work. 
 
 To them, should adverse fortune so require, 
 
 /Eneas had intrusted the command 215 
 
 Of all affairs. The band entire keeps watch 
 
 Along the walls, the common danger shares; 
 
 Each takes his turn, where'er defence they need. 
 
 Nisus was keeper of the gate, the son 
 Of Hyrtacus, — a valiant youth in war, *«> 
 
 And swift with javelin and with flying arrows; — 
 Sent by the huntress Ida to attend 
 
Book /.v. 357 
 
 /Eneas. At his side Euryalus, 
 
 Than whom no youth more beautiful was seen 
 
 Among the Trojans, bearing Trojan arm : 
 
 As yet a beardless boy. These two were bound 
 
 In closest ties of love, and side by side 
 
 Had rushed together to the battle-field; 
 
 Now at the gate they held one equal post. 
 
 Then Nisus said : " Is it the gods who give »3^> 
 
 This ardor to our minds, Euryalus? 
 
 And must our strong desires be deemed divine? 
 
 Either to battle or some great emprise 
 
 Mv soul is urging me, and will not rest. 
 
 Thou seest what confidence possesses all 235 
 
 The Rutuli ; their camp-hres here and there 
 
 Are feeMv glimmering. Sunk in sleep and wine 
 
 Thev lie; and far and wide their posts are hushed. 
 
 Hear now the thought that rises in my mind. 
 
 Our leaders and our ranks with one accord 
 
 Ask for ./Eneas' presence, and that men 
 
 Be sent, who shall report to him the truth. 
 
 If now thev promise what I ask for thee, 
 
 I lor me the glory of the deed is all 
 
 I seek), I think that I can find a way 
 
 'Neath yonder hill to Pallanteum's walls." 
 
358 The Aineid. 
 
 Amazement seized upon Euryalus, 
 
 Struck with the love of praise that fired his friend. 
 
 Then thus he answered: "Canst thou then refuse 
 
 To suffer me in enterprise so great 250 
 
 To attend thee ? Shall I let thee risk alone 
 
 Perils like these ? It was not thus my sire 
 
 Opheltes, long inured to toils of war, 
 
 Taught me amid the Grecian terrors reared, 
 
 And sufferings of Troy ; nor have I ever, 255 
 
 Following the great iEneas and his fates 
 
 Extreme, so borne myself, when in thy sight. 
 
 Here in my breast there is a soul whose aim 
 
 Despises life, and deems its sacrifice 
 
 Small payment for that glory which thou seek'st." 260 
 
 Nisus replied : " Nay, not to thee, indeed, 
 
 Would I impute such thoughts. It were unjust. 
 
 So may great Jove, or whosoever looks 
 
 Upon our actions with impartial eyes, 
 
 Bring me in triumph back again to thee. 265 
 
 But if, — for, in a crisis such as this, 
 
 Thou knowest well there must be many a risk, — 
 
 If any adverse fortune or the gods 
 
 Should intervene, I would have thee survive 
 
Book i.\. 359 
 
 Thv friend: thy years arc worthier of life. 
 Let there be one to lay me in m\ grave, 
 Snatched from the battle, or by ran om won. 
 
 H Lit it", as she is wont, Fortune forbids 
 This favor, let him to my absent corpse 
 Give funeral rites and fitting sepulchre. 
 
 \ r let me be the cause of hitter grief", 
 Mv boy, to a wretched mother, who alone, 
 Of many mothers, dared to go with thee, 
 Nor cared to stay in great Acestes' home." 
 
 But he replied : " In vain these useless knots »8o 
 
 Of argument. Mv purpose does inn yield. 
 Come, let us hasten ! " And with that he wakes 
 The sentinels, who take their turn on guard. 
 Then both together go to seek the prince. 
 
 All other living creatures lay relaxed 
 In sleep, forgetting sufferings and cares. 
 But the chief leaders and the chosen vouths 
 Of Troy were holding counsel on affairs 
 Ol moment; how they should proceed, and who 
 The messenger should be to seek &neas. 
 Within the camp thev stood, holding their shiel 
 And leaning on their spears. Together then 
 
360 The Aineid. 
 
 Come Nisus and Euryalus, and ask 
 
 Admittance eagerly, — the matter grave, 
 
 Repaying the delay it would demand. 295 
 
 lulus meets the excited youths, and bids 
 
 The elder speak. Then Nisus thus begins: — 
 
 " Hear with impartial minds, O Trojan chiefs, 
 
 And judge not by our years what we propose. 
 
 The Rutuli lie sunk in sleep and wine. 3°° 
 
 We have found a place fit for our secret plan, 
 
 Upon the double road beyond the gates 
 
 Lying nearest to the sea. Their smoking fires 
 
 Burn low. If you permit us now to use 
 
 This chance, we '11 seek ^Eneas, and the walls 3°s 
 
 Of Pallanteum. Soon we shall return 
 
 With spoils, a mighty slaughter being wrought. 
 
 We cannot miss the way, for we have seen 
 
 While hunting oft the outskirts of the town 
 
 Gleam through the shady valleys, and we know 310 
 
 The river-shore entire." Aletes then, 
 
 Old and mature in thought, made answer thus: — 
 
 "Ye gods, in whose protecting presence Troy 
 
 Has ever been, not altogether doomed 
 
 To ruin is our Trojan race, while such 3's 
 
 The valiant souls, the hearts assured ye send! " 
 
Book ix. 
 
 aying, he threw his arms around their necks. 
 And grasped their hands, while tears streamed down hi 
 
 race. 
 *• \wA what reward^, o warrior youths," he cried, 
 
 " What gifts for such brave deeds can we requite : 
 The gods and your own virtues will bestow 
 The best and fairest. But /Kncas soon 
 Will give the rest ; and young Ascanius too 
 Will ne'er forget such high desert as yours." 
 M Nay, never," here Ascanius took the word; 3*s 
 
 " I whose sole hope is in my sire's return ; 
 Nisus, by all our country's household gods, 
 The Lares of Assaracus, the shrines 
 Of venerable Vesta, I appeal 
 
 To you ; whate'er my fortune and my hope, 330 
 
 I lav it in your faithful breasts. BriiiL: back 
 Mv ,Mre; then nothing can be sad to me. 
 Two fine-wrought silver goblets richly chased 
 With figures, which mv father took as spoils, 
 When he subdued Arisba, I will give; 
 Abo a pair of tripods, and of gold 
 Two weighty talents, and an antique cup, 
 Sidonian Dido's gift. And if we take 
 Italia, and the sceptre of the realm, 
 46 
 
362 The Aineid. 
 
 And distribution make of spoils, — ye have seen 340 
 
 The steed that Turnus rode, his armor bright 
 
 With gold ; that steed, that shield, that flaming crest, 
 
 Nisus, I set apart for thy reward. 
 
 Besides, twelve chosen female slaves my sire 
 
 Will give, twelve captives with their arms, and add 345 
 
 To these whatever lands Latinus owns. 
 
 But thou, O youth worthy of worship, thou 
 
 Whose years are nearer mine, with my whole heart 
 
 I take thee, and embrace thee, through all change 
 
 Of fortune my companion. Without thee 350 
 
 No glory will I seek in peace or war ; 
 
 Such trust I place in thee and in thy words." 
 
 To this Euryalus made answer thus: — 
 
 "No coming day shall ever prove me averse 
 
 To daring deeds like this : I promise this, 35s 
 
 Let Fortune smile or frown. But above all, 
 
 One boon I beg. I have a mother, born 
 
 Of Priam's ancient race, who came with me 
 
 To Italy. Troy could not hold her back, 
 
 Nor King Acestes' walls. I leave her now, 360 
 
 Without one farewell kiss, and knowing naught 
 
 Of this my dangerous venture. By the night, 
 
 And by this hand I grasp, I could not bear 
 
Book ix. 
 
 A mother's tears. But thou, I beg, do thou 
 C nsole her in her Deed, and succor her 
 Bereft of me. This hope let me Indulge. 
 So shall I race more bravely every peril." 
 
 The Dardan warriors all were moved to te.r 
 lulus more than all : his heart w.b wrung 
 By such strong filial love. Then thus he spoke: — 
 " Be sure ot all thy hrave attempt deserv* . 
 Thy mother shall be mine, and only lack 
 Creusa's name. Nor slight our thanks to her 
 For such a son. Whate'er befalls, I swear, 
 Here by this head, the oath my father swore, — 
 That it* thou comest back, and with success, 
 That which I promise thee shall be alike 
 He-towed upon thy mother and thy kin." 
 Weeping he spoke; and from his shoulder loosed 
 A gilded sword, Lvcaon's wondrous art 3 8j 
 
 Had wrought, and fitted in an ivory sheath. 
 To Nisus Mnestheus gives a lion's skin 
 With shaggy hair. Aletes makes exchange 
 Of helmets. Thus equipped, forthwith they go; 
 While to the gates the leaders, young ami old, 
 Attend their steps with wishes and with prayers, 
 lulus with a mind and manly thought 
 
364 The Aineid. 
 
 Beyond his years, gives many messages 
 
 Sent to his father, but in vain : the winds 
 
 Dispersed them all and gave them to the clouds. 39° 
 
 They cross the trenches, and through shades of night 
 
 Toward the hostile camp pursue their way, 
 
 Fatal to many ere their own fate came. 
 
 Scattered about they see their enemies 
 
 Stretched on the grass, o'ercome with sleep and wine. 395 
 
 Along the shore stood chariots with their poles 
 
 Upturned. Between the harness and the wheels 
 
 Lay men, and armor, mixed with jars of wine. 
 
 Then Nisus whispered: "Now, Euryalus, 
 
 The deed calls on us for a daring hand. 4°° 
 
 Here lies our way. Thou, lest some foe behind 
 
 Should strike, watch close, look well afar, while I 
 
 Lay waste, and open a wide path for thee." 
 
 With voice suppressed he spoke. Then with his sword 
 Strikes at proud Rhamnes, stretched upon a pile 4°5 
 
 Of carpets, breathing heavily in sleep. 
 A prince he was, and Turnus' favorite seer. 
 But not with augury could he ward off 
 The fatal blow. Near him three slaves, who lay 
 Confusedly amid their arms, he slays : 410 
 
Book ix. 365 
 
 'Flu- armor-bearer and the charioteer 
 
 Of Remus next, beneath his horse' 
 
 Hi^ head be severs from his drooping neck; 
 
 His master's then he hears away, and lea\ 
 
 The trunk that heaves and gurgles with it> blood. 
 
 The earth is warm with black ami bloody gore, 
 
 Ami all the couches drip. Then Lamyrus, 
 
 Ami Lamus, and the young Serranus fell, — 
 
 The handsome youth, who long ami heavily 
 
 Had played that night, ami, overcome by wine 4*0 
 
 And sleep, was lying; happy had he then 
 
 Prolonged His play until the morning light. 
 
 Such carnage fell, as when a lion, mad 
 
 With hunger, spreads wild terror through the sheep 
 
 Amid the crowded fold, and bites and tears 
 
 With bloody jaws the tender flocks, all dumb 
 
 With fear. Nor less Euryalus, inflamed, 
 
 Deals death around amid the nameless crowd. 
 
 I US, Herbesus, Abaris, meet their late, 
 Unconscious: Rhoetus too, who, wide awake, 
 Sees all, but trembling hides behind the bowls. 
 Thence, as he rises, deep within his brea t 
 The sword is plunged, and, steeped in death, withdrawn. 
 Out pours the crimson life-blood mixed with wine. 
 
366 The sEneid. 
 
 The other presses on, warm with his work 435 
 
 Of stealthy slaughter, toward Messapus' bands, 
 
 Where he observes the fires are burning low, 
 
 And tethered horses browsing in the grass. 
 
 Then briefly Nisus spoke : for he perceived 
 
 How their desire to kill was bearing them 440 
 
 Too far : " Let us desist. The dawn is near, 
 
 Unfriendly to our purpose. Deaths enough 
 
 Are dealt. A way is opened through our foes." 
 
 Full many a piece of solid silver wrought 
 
 They leave behind, and bowls, and armor bright, 445 
 
 And sumptuous carpets. Here, the trappings rich 
 
 Of Rhamnes, and his golden-studded belt, 
 
 Euryalus puts on ; a gift once sent 
 
 By Caedicus to Remulus, when he 
 
 Made league with him through hospitable rites. 45° 
 
 After his death, the Rutuli in war 
 
 Obtained it. These Euryalus now takes, 
 
 And round his shoulders binds the spoils, in vain : 
 
 Puts on Messapus' helmet rich with plumes; 
 
 Then from the camp to a safe place they go. 455 
 
 Meanwhile a mounted troop was moving on 
 From Latium's city, a detachment sent 
 
Book i\. 67 
 
 From the main legion lingering on ihe pi 
 
 Bearing a message to Prince Turnus, Th 
 
 Three hundred horsemen, Vol cens at their hea 1, 
 
 All armed with shields, were drawing ni h the camp. 
 
 When far off they espy the pair, who turned 
 
 Upon the left; for glimmering in the night 
 
 The helmet of Kurv.ilns betrayed 
 
 The unconscious youth, and gleamed 1 I the m 
 
 N >t idly unobserved. "Stand!" Volscens shout 
 
 "What men are ye? Why come ye here in am 
 
 I whither are ye going? " No reply 
 They made; hut swiftly toward the woods they tied, 
 Trusting the friendly night. The horsemen haste 4-3 
 
 To block their passage on the well-known paths, 
 And on both sides guard every avenue 
 Against escape. There was a forest dark, 
 
 lg ;h with wild bushes and black ilex-tree- 
 And tangled underbrush. At intervals 4-5 
 
 A pathway dimly seen ran through the wood. 
 The darkness and the heavy spoil, he bore 
 Impede Ruryalus, and in his fear 
 He now mistakes his wav. NlSUS tlies on, 
 
 I taking thought, and past his enemy 
 Had sped, and reached the groves that since were calle 1 
 
368 The Aineid. 
 
 The Alban, — then they were the lofty stalls 
 
 For King Latinus' herds. Soon as he stopped, 
 
 And backward looked, in vain, to find his friend, 
 
 " Euryalus ! " he cries ; " ah, woe is me, 4S5 
 
 Where have I left thee ? How shall I retrace 
 
 The windings of the dark deceptive wood?" 
 
 Then back on his remembered steps he treads, 
 
 And, wandering through the silent bushes, hears 
 
 The tramp of horses, and the noise of men 490 
 
 Pursuing ; in a little while, a shout ; 
 
 And sees Euryalus, whom now, deceived 
 
 By darkness and the place, the entire brigade 
 
 Surrounds and seizes, with a sudden rush, 
 
 And drags him on, while struggling hard in vain. 49s 
 
 What shall he do? With what force shall he dare 
 
 To rescue him ? Rush in among their swords, 
 
 And so precipitate a glorious death ? 
 
 Quick, brandishing a javelin, to the Moon 
 
 Above he lifts his eyes, while thus he prays : — s°° 
 
 " Thou, goddess, thou, the glory of the stars, 
 
 Latonian guardian of the woods, be near, 
 
 And to my arm give now propitious aid ! 
 
 If ever on thy altars Hyrtacus 
 
 My sire laid gifts for me, if I myself s°s 
 
ft i '< '/' / X. 
 
 Have added anything brought from the ch 
 Hung 'neath tin- vaulted ceiling, or affixed 
 Upon thy sacred pediment, direct 
 My weapon, that I may disperse this band!" 
 
 He said, and with the strength of all his frame s«° 
 
 He hurled his steel. Swift through the dark it sped, 
 And pierced the back of Sulmo, and there snapped, 
 The broken javelin passing to his heart, 
 lie tails, the warm blood rushes from his breast, 
 
 I his sides heave with long convulsive sob 5>s 
 
 On every side they look; when lo ! again 
 Another spear drawn back, then whizzing riies; 
 And through both temples smitten, TagUS tails, 
 The glowing weapon buried in his brain. 
 
 rcc Volsccns rages, nor can he detect 
 The enemy, nor know on whom to turn. 
 "Thou then," he cries, "with thy warm blood shalt pay 
 For both ! " And on Eurvalus he turns 
 W 1th naked sword. Hut Nisus, terrified, 
 
 ide himself with fear, no longer hides 
 In darkness, nor can bear a pang like this. 
 11 Me, me; 't is I," lie crie^, "who did the deed! 
 On me direct your steel, O kutuli I 
 
 47 
 
3 jo The Aineid. 
 
 The offence is mine alone. He did no harm, 
 
 He could not ! Yonder sky and conscious stars 53° 
 
 Bear witness that the words I speak are true. 
 
 He only loved too much his hapless friend ! " 
 
 So Nisus spoke : too late ; the sword was plunged 
 
 Deep in the white breast of Euryalus. 
 
 He writhes beneath his death-wound, and the blood 535 
 
 Flows o'er his shapely limbs. Upon his breast 
 
 His sinking head reclines. As when a plough 
 
 Cuts down a purple flowret of the field, 
 
 It languishes and dies; or beaten down 
 
 By rain the poppies bend their weary heads. 540 
 
 But Nisus rushes on his enemies. 
 
 Volscens alone among them all he seeks. 
 
 They, thronging close around him, thrust him back. 
 
 But none the less he presses on, and whirls 
 
 His flashing sword, till in the clamoring throat 54s 
 
 Of the Rutulian chief he plunged the steel, 
 
 And, dying, dealt a death-blow to his foe. 
 
 Then on the lifeless body of his friend 
 
 He throws himself, pierced through with many a wound, 
 
 And there, at last, in placid death he slept. 550 
 
 Ay, happy pair ! If aught my verse can do, 
 No lapse of time shall ever dim your fame, 
 
B 
 
 ix. 371 
 
 While on the Capitol's unshaken rock 
 The house .i.iR-.is founded Bhall remain, 
 And while the Roman father holds the state. 
 
 The Rutull, victorious seize the sp< 
 
 Ami weeping hear their dead chief to the camp. 
 
 Here too was mourning over Rhamnes slain, 
 
 I young Scrranus and the rest, their first 
 And noblest, by one slaughter all despatched. 
 
 Thev throne to see the dying and the dead, — 
 
 The place still warm with carnage, and the streams 
 
 Of blood. In turn thev recognize the spoils; 
 
 The glittering helmet of Messapus know, 
 
 And trappings rich, recovered with such toil. y s« 
 
 € 
 
 Now from Tithonus* saffron bed the Dawn 
 Arose, and shed fresh light upon the earth, 
 And pouring In his rays, the sun revealed 
 All hidden things ; when Turnus stirs to arms 
 IIi> warriors all, himself completely armed. 
 Each urges to the battle his mailed troops, 
 Whetting their rage with various reports. ^L_ 
 \ '., on their lifted -pears, ah, woful sight! 
 The heads of Nisus and Kuryalus 
 
72 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 575 
 
 Are fixed, while shouting crowds follow behind. 
 
 The hardy sons of Troy confront their foes 
 
 Upon the left side of their walls ; their right 
 
 Is bounded by the river. Here they guard 
 
 Their trenches broad, and stand with gloomy thoughts 
 
 Upon their lofty towers ; and horror-struck 580 
 
 Behold those lifted heads that drip with gore, 
 
 Known but too well to their unhappy friends. 
 
 Rumor, meanwhile, the winged messenger, 
 
 Flies through the trembling camp, and reaches now 
 
 The mother of Euryalus. A chill 
 
 Curdles her blood. The shuttle and the web 
 
 Drop from her hands. Rending her hair she flies 
 
 With wild shrieks to the walls and foremost line, 
 
 Heedless of danger and of flying darts. 
 
 Her wailing fills the air. "Euryalus, 
 
 Do I behold thee thus! — thou the delight 
 
 And solace of my old age, couldst thou thus 
 
 Leave me alone, — ah, cruel! — and depart 
 
 On such a perilous mission, and no word 
 
 At parting to thy wretched mother speak ? 
 
 Ah, woe is me! On unknown earth thou liest, 
 
 A prey to vultures and to Latian dogs ; 
 
 585 
 
 590 
 
 595 
 
Book IX. 
 
 Nor could thy mother give thee funeral rites, 
 
 \ >r ^losc thy dying eves, nor wash thy wounds, 
 
 Nor cover thee with the robe, which night and day 600 
 
 I wove with urgent haste, and with my loom 
 
 Lightened old age's lonely thoughts and cares. 
 
 Where shall I seek thee now ? Where find those limbs 
 
 Dissevered, and that lacerated corpse? 
 
 I> "t this, my son, thou bringest back to me? fes 
 
 Was it for this I followed thee o'er land 
 
 And ocean? Pierce me through, ye Rutuli ! 
 
 If any filial pity ye would show. 
 
 Me first ! But thou, great father of the gods, 
 
 [n mercy thrust this hated life beneath 6io 
 
 The shades of Tartarus; since otherwise 
 
 I cannot break the thread of cruel life!" 
 
 Her sad lament wrings every soul ; deep groans 
 Pass through the warrior's ranks. Their broken strength 
 Grows torpid for the battle. Thus while she 615 
 
 Adds grief to grief, Idirus and Actor come, 
 By Ilioneus and Ascanius sent 
 ■ Who weeps full sore), and bear her to her home. 
 
 Hut now the dreadful trumpet's brazen blare 
 
 Is heard, and shouts resound. The Vblscians haste 
 
374 The sEneid. 
 
 To form their ranks beneath a roof of shields, 
 
 And fill the moats, and storm the ramparts. Some 
 
 Seek for an entrance, and to scale the walls, 
 
 Where thinly shows the opposing battle-line, 
 
 And where the armed ring less densely gleams. *z S 
 
 The Trojans with strong poles thrust back their foes, 
 
 And shower their weapons down of every kind, 
 
 Taught by long warfare to defend their walls. 
 
 Stones also they roll down, of fearful weight, 
 
 To break, if so they can, their sheltered ranks. 630 
 
 But underneath their iron roof their foes 
 
 Can well endure all hardships. Yet their strength 
 
 Suffices not ; for where the serried mass 
 
 Most threatened, a huge rock the Trojans rolled, 
 
 Which fell, and dashed asunder far and wide 6 3S 
 
 The Rutuli, and crushed their shielded roof. 
 
 No longer do the bold assailants dare 
 
 Contend in warfare blind, but bend their strength 
 
 To drive their foes with missiles from the walls. 
 
 Mezentius at another point comes on, 640 
 
 In aspect terrible, and brandishes 
 
 A blazing Tuscan pine, and fills the place 
 
 With fire and smoke. Messapus too is there, 
 
 Tamer of steeds, and of Neptunian race, 
 
Book i\. 
 
 5 i 5 
 
 Ami batters down and tears the palisade, 
 Aiul calls for ladders to ascend the walls. 
 
 \ e Muses, ami thou chief, Calliope! 
 
 Inspire me now to sing wh.it deeds ol death 
 
 Were done tli.it day by Turnus; what brave souls 
 
 Were sent to Orcus ; and untold with me 650 
 
 The war's vast outlines. Ye, goddesses, 
 
 Hear all in mind, and can rehearse them all. 
 
 Joined by high bridges to the walls, there stood 
 
 A 1 >fty tower, which with their utmost strength 
 
 The Italians stormed, and strove to overturn. 65s 
 
 The Trojans made defence with stones, and down 
 
 Through hollow r loopholes showers of javelins hurled. 
 
 Then Turnus, foremost, flung a blazing torch, 
 
 Which struck, and burning clung against the sides. 
 
 Blown by the wind, it seizes on the boards 660 
 
 And on the beams with its devouring flames. 
 
 Dismayed, the Trojans try in vain to fly; 
 
 Then as they backward crowd upon the part 
 
 Free from the fiery pest, with all its weight 
 
 The tower gives way, and falls; the mighty crs 
 
 Thunders through all the sky. Down to the earth, 
 
376 The Aineid. 
 
 The huge mass following, they fall, half dead, 
 
 And on each other's spears impaled, or pierced 
 
 By splintered beams. Helenor only escaped, 
 
 And Lycus ; young Helenor, whom the slave 670 
 
 Licymnia to a Lydian king had borne 
 
 In secret love, and whom she had sent to Troy 
 
 With arms forbidden ; he with naked sword 
 
 Was lightly armed, and with inglorious shield 
 
 Without device. He when he saw himself 675 
 
 Hemmed in by Turnus' hosts, the Latian lines 
 
 Opposing to the right and to the left, — 
 
 As some wild beast, surrounded by a ring 
 
 Of hunters, rages 'gainst their spears, and bounds 
 
 Upon their points, and knows her doom is near, — 680 
 
 So the youth rushes on his foes, prepared 
 
 To die, and where the spears are thickest leaps. 
 
 But Lycus, swifter far, flies through the hosts, 
 
 And gains the walls, and strives to grasp the ridge, 
 
 And reach some friendly hand. Turnus pursues, 6s 5 
 
 As swift of foot, as with his threatening spear. 
 
 " Fool ! " he exclaims, " and didst thou hope to escape 
 
 Our hands?" Then seizing him as there he hangs, 
 
 A huge piece of the wall tears down with him. 
 
 As when Jove's eagle, swooping from above, 690 
 
B ok /.v. 
 
 
 With crooked talons carries off a hare 
 
 Of snow-white swan ; or as a raging wolf 
 
 Snatches aw ay a lamb from out the fold, 
 Amid the piteous bleatings of it^ dam. 
 Shouts rise on every side. They charge amain, 
 They heap the trenches lull with earth, and fling 
 Their blazing torches to the battlements. 
 
 Then with a ponderous fragment from a clitl", 
 Ilioneus fells Lucetius, as he comes 
 Beneath the gate, a firebrand in his hand. 
 Liger strikes down Emathion ; and, laid low 
 
 Vilas, CorynaeilS falls ; the one 
 Skilled in the javelin, and the other swift 
 With unsuspected arrow from afar. 
 Caneus slays Ortygius, Turnus him : 
 I , and Clonius, and Dioxippus, 
 And Promolus, and Safaris, all fell 
 By Turnus' hand, and Idas, as he stood 
 
 .1 the turret's height ; and Capys slays 
 Privernus, by Themilla's spear first grazed. 
 He, thoughtless, threw aside his shield, And laid 
 IIi> hand upon the wound: an arrow Hew 
 And pierced his hand, and pinned it to his side, 
 And through the deadly wound his soul's breath eh' 
 48 
 
 
 700 
 
 705 
 
 710 
 
378 The sEneid. 
 
 In splendid armor Arcens' son appeared; 715 
 
 A broidered cloak, Iberian purple, decked 
 His noble form. He by his sire was sent 
 Into the war, and in his mother's grove 
 Was reared, beside Symasthus' stream, where stood 
 Palicus' easy altar, fat with gifts. 1^ 
 
 His spears now laid aside, Mezentius whirls 
 Thrice round his head his whizzing sling ; the lead 
 Pierces the temples of the youth, who falls, 
 And on the sand lies stretched his lifeless form. 
 
 Then for the first time in the war, 't is said, v-i 
 
 Ascanius aimed his swift shaft at the foe, — 
 
 Ere this accustomed only to pursue 
 
 The wild beasts of the chase, — and with his hand 
 
 Struck down the strong Numanus, whose surname 
 
 Was Remulus ; who lately had espoused 730 
 
 The younger sister of Prince Turnus. He, 
 
 Swelling with new-blown pride of royalty, 
 
 Stalked in the foremost ranks, vociferous 
 
 With boast and taunt, and towering with huge frame, 
 
 Thus called aloud: "Are ye not then ashamed, 73s 
 
 Twice-captured Phrygians, to be shut once more 
 
 Within your ramparts, interposing walls 
 
B ok \ \ 
 
 i\t you and death : I .", th me 
 
 Claiming In war our brides! \\ hat g • .1 wa it, 
 W'h.it madness brought you to the Italian 
 
 mis o( Atreus shall you find in 
 No false, smooth-tongued I I rom our birth 
 
 We arc a hardy race. We plunge our bal 
 Into the river, soon as they are horn, 
 And harden thus their frames to wintry eold. 
 Our boys are never weary oi the ch 
 
 They scour the wo It is their sport to tame 
 
 Their Steeds, and bend their how-, and wing thei: 
 Our youths, in labor patient, and inured 
 1 humble tare, either subdue the earth 
 With harrows, or in battle shake the walls 
 Oi towns. We pass our lives in handling steel: 
 \\ e drive our oxen with inverted speai 
 Age weakens not our strength ; on our gray beads 
 W e press the helmet; and 't is our delight 
 To seize fresh Spoils, and on our plunder live. 
 . in your broidered vt aflfron hue 
 
 I glowing purple, indolently live; 
 
 D hting in your dances, and your sleet 
 
 . with lappets underneath your chins. 
 Yea, Phrygian women, verily, nut men! 
 
3 8o The Aineid. 
 
 Hence to the summits of your Dindymus, 
 
 Where breathes the flute in your accustomed ear 
 
 Its two weak notes. The Berecynthian pipe 
 
 And timbrels call you. Throw your weapons down ! 765 
 
 Leave arms to heroes of a sturdier stuff! " 
 
 This boaster's words, presaging evil thus, 
 
 Ascanius could not bear. Confronting him, 
 
 An arrow on his horsehair string he drew, 
 
 And stood awhile with arms extended wide, 770 
 
 And prayed to Jove : " All-powerful Jupiter, 
 
 Aid now my daring venture! To thy shrines 
 
 Will I bring solemn offerings, and will place 
 
 Before thy altars a young bull, snow-white, 
 
 With gilded horns, in size his mother's mate, 77s 
 
 And threatening head, and hoofs that paw the sand." 
 
 The Father heard, and from the sky serene 
 
 Thundered upon the left. The fatal bow 
 
 Twanged ; and the dreadful arrow whistling flew, 
 
 And the Rutulian's hollow temples pierced. 7S0 
 
 " Go, mock at valor with thy haughty words. 
 
 This answer your twice-captured Phrygians send 
 
 Back to the Rutuli ! " He said no more. 
 
B '/■ ix. 
 
 381 
 
 The l in! him with loud applau e, 
 
 ! to the stars, u Lth shoul . 1 Iu> d< 
 
 ghr-haired Apollo from the ethereal 1. 
 
 chance was then surveying from above 
 The Ausonian troops and city ; on .1 cloud 
 He sat, and thus addressed the victor youth : — 
 " ( I »n, Increase in early valor, boy ; 790 
 
 Such i^ the pathway to the starry heights, 
 Descendant and progenitor oi godsl 
 All wars that arc ordained by fate shall end 
 In justice, when Assaracus' great line 
 Shall rule, nor Troy be able to contain 
 Thy growth." So saying, from the lofty sky, 
 1 ting the breathing airs oi heaven, he come-, 
 
 \ canius, changed in features then 
 Into the likeness o( old Butes' face, 
 W ho once An cruses' armor-bearer was, 800 
 
 I faithful guardian at the gate, hut now 
 *> mpanion to Ascanius. So stepped forth 
 Apollo, in all things resembling him ; 
 In voice, in color, in his hoary locks, 
 
 I fiercely clanking armor. He then thus 
 Speaks to the ardent youth : "Son 
 
382 The ALneid. 
 
 Let it suffice, that thou unharmed hast slain 
 
 Numanus with thy shaft. Apollo gives 
 
 This first praise unto thee, and envies not 
 
 Feats that shall equal this. For what remains, 810 
 
 Restrain thy hand from further deeds of war." 
 
 So saying, Apollo left his mortal shape, 
 E'en as he spoke, and vanished in thin air. 
 The Dardan chiefs then knew the deity, 
 And knew his shafts divine, and as he fled 815 
 
 His rattling quiver heard. So by command 
 Of Phcebus, they restrain Ascanius now, 
 Who thirsts to join the battle. They themselves 
 Again renew the combat, and expose 
 
 Their- lives to open perils of the war. sio 
 
 All round the battlements their clamor runs; 
 They bend their bows, and with their thongs they whirl 
 Their javelins : all the ground is strewn with darts. 
 Their shields and hollow helmets clash and ring. 
 The raging battle swells ; as when a shower, 8z 5 
 
 Borne from the west beneath the rainy Kids, 
 Lashes the ground, or, thick with hail, the clouds 
 Rush down upon the waves, when Jupiter 
 With fearful south-winds whirls the watery storm, 
 And through the sky-wrack bursts the hollow clouds. *h 
 
 
Book /v. 
 
 Bitias and Paml.inis, from Alcanor sprung 
 o( [da (whom Lira, sylvan nymph, 
 Reared in the sacred grove oi fupitcr; 
 I ill youths who towered like their hills and fii , 
 Relying on their arms, ope wide the gate 
 Intrusted by their leader to their char 
 And from the ramparts challenge the attack ; 
 While they within stand at the ri^ht and left 
 Before the turrets, armed, their lofty heads 
 Flashing with plumes. So by some river's hank, s 43 
 
 Whether the Po or plea-ant Athesis, 
 Two breezy oaks litt up their unshorn heads, 
 And nod their lofty tops. The Rutuli, 
 Soon as they see an opened way, rush in. 
 Then (,Hiercens and the fair Aquicolus, Us 
 
 And hasty Tmarus, and brave Ila-mon, all 
 I ither turned back, repulsed, with all their troops 
 Or at the very gatewav met their death. 
 Then fiercer grows the Trojans' hostile ra 
 And now thev gather thick, and hand to hand 
 ( ntend, and dare to press beyond the walls. 
 
 W hile Turnus, in another quarter, storms 
 W ith fury, and confusion to his foes, 
 
384 The Aineid. 
 
 A message comes, that hot with havoc fresh, 
 
 The enemy had opened wide their gates. 85s 
 
 Quitting his work begun, in towering wrath 
 
 He rushes to the Dardan gate, and seeks 
 
 Those haughty brothers. First, Antiphates, 
 
 Who foremost came, Sarpedon's bastard son, 
 
 Born of a Theban mother, he strikes down. 860 
 
 The cornel arrow cleaves the yielding air ; 
 
 Beneath the breast the weapon pierces deep; 
 
 The life-blood spurts, and warms the buried steel. 
 
 Next Merops, Erymas, and Aphidnus fall ; 
 
 Then Bitias, with his burning eyes, and soul 865 
 
 Aflame; not by a javelin : for no dart 
 
 Could ever have bereft that frame of life. 
 
 A ponderous phalaric spear it was 
 
 That whizzing flew, hurled like a thunderbolt; 
 
 That neither two bulls' hides, nor trusty mail 870 
 
 With double scales of gold, sustained the shock. 
 
 Down dropped his giant limbs. The shaken earth 
 
 Groaned, and his huge shield rattled as he fell. 
 
 So sometimes on Eubcean Bail's shore 
 
 There falls a rocky pile, whose mighty mass g :5 
 
 Stood built into the sea ; so toppling down 
 
 And dragging ruin in its fall, it lies 
 
Book i\. \^'^ 
 
 Dashed on the shallows, and the troubled 
 
 Is black with lifted sand. Steep Prochyta 
 
 Heirs, trembling, and [narime's hard bed »° 
 
 Piled on Typhoeus, by command of Jove. 
 
 \ w Mars inspired the Latins with fresh Strength 
 
 Ami courage, and more fiercely spurred them on ; 
 While flight and terror on the Trojan^' hearts 
 He threw. They crowd together from all sides, 8S5 
 
 Since now they see a timely chance is given 
 For battle, and the war-god tires their souls. 
 When Pandarus sees his brother's body stretched 
 Upon the earth, and how their fortune takes 
 An unexpected turn, with mighty strength 8 9 o 
 
 Pressing with shoulders broad against the gate, 
 He turns it on its hinges, and so leaves 
 Full many a comrade from the walls shut out 
 Amid the cruel fray ; but others too, 
 
 As on they rush, he shuts in with himself: — 89s 
 
 Infatuated man ! who did not see 
 The prince of the Rutulians 'mid the troops 
 That entered, by his own rash hand shut in, — 
 Like a hu^e tiirer 'mid a timorous rlock. 
 For sudden from his eyes a strange light flashed; 9°° 
 
 49 
 
386 The Aineid. 
 
 His terrible armor rang; his blood-red crest 
 
 Trembled upon his head ; and from his shield 
 
 Came gleams of lightning. Then the Trojans knew 
 
 The hated countenance, the form immense, 
 
 And stood dismayed. But mighty Pandarus, 9°s 
 
 Burning with anger for his brother's death, 
 
 Leaps forth: "No palace of Amata this, 
 
 Thy promised dower ! No Ardea now holds 
 
 Turnus within his native walls! Thou seest 
 
 Thy enemies' camp, and thou art powerless now 9'° 
 
 To issue hence." Then Turnus, undisturbed, 
 
 Smiling replied : " Begin, if there be aught 
 
 Of valor in thy soul; and hand to hand 
 
 Meet me. Thou shalt tell Priam thou hast found 
 
 Another Achilles here ! " Then Pandarus 915 
 
 Hurled at him with his utmost strength a spear 
 
 Rough with its knots and bark. Upon the air 
 
 Its force was wasted. Juno intervened, 
 
 And turned aside the weapon, and it stuck 
 
 Fast in the gate. Then Turnus cried aloud : — 9" 
 
 "Not so shalt thou escape this steel which now 
 
 My strong arm wields ; nor is the hand so weak, 
 
 That grasps the weapon, or that deals the blow ! " 
 
 So saying, with his lifted sword he towers, 
 
Book /.v. 387 
 
 And smiting down, through brow \nA temples cleaves r-s 
 
 The youthful warrior's head and beardlc - cheeks, — 
 
 A hideous wound; and as he tails, the earth 
 Shakes witli a jarring sound. Dying he lay, 
 With stiffening limbs, and armor dashed with blood 
 
 And brains; while down from either shoulder hung 
 
 His cloven head. Hither and thither rly 
 
 The Trojans in confusion and dismay. 
 
 And had the victor then bethought himself 
 
 To unbar the gates and let his followers in, 
 
 That i.lav had been the last day of the war 935 
 
 And o{ the Trojan race. But fury now 
 
 And a wild thirst for slai^hter drove him on 
 
 Against the opposing foe. First Phaleris, 
 
 And Gyges, whom he had wounded in the ham, 
 
 He overtakes, and snatching up their spears, 94- 
 
 He stabs them in the back. Juno supplies 
 
 Courage and strength. Halvs their comrade too 
 
 He -lays, and Phegeus, smitten through his shield; 
 
 Alcander, Halius, and Noemon next, 
 
 And Prytanis, who unaware of all, 
 
 Stood at the walls, and urged the battle on. 
 
 Lynceus too, advancing on him there, 
 
 And summoning his comrades, he assails 
 
3§8 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Upon the rampart with his glittering sword, 
 
 And closing on him with his utmost strength, 
 
 Struck off his head and helmet at one blow, 
 
 And scattered them afar. Then Amycus, 
 
 Slayer of savage beasts, than whom none knew 
 
 Better to tip with poison the sharp steel ; 
 
 And Clytius, son of iEolus, he slew; 
 
 And Creteus, the Muses' faithful friend, 
 
 Lover of poesy and the chorded lyre, 
 
 Who framed sweet numbers to his strings, and sang 
 
 Forever of brave heroes, steeds, and wars. 
 
 95° 
 
 955 
 
 Then hearing of the slaughter in their ranks, 
 
 Mnestheus at length and brave Serestus meet, 
 
 And see their troops dispersed ; the enemy 
 
 With the camp. And, "Whither," Mnestheus cries, 
 
 " Do ye now take your flight ? What battlements, 
 
 What other walls beyond, do ye possess ? 
 
 Shall one man, hemmed in here on every side 
 
 By your own ramparts, deal throughout your camp 
 
 Such work of death, unpunished, and send thus 
 
 So many chosen warriors to the shades? 
 
 O sluggish souls! no pity and no shame 
 
 For your unhappy country do ye feel, 
 
 960 
 
 965 
 
 97< 
 
Book /x. 38 ) 
 
 Nor tor your gods, nor for the great .liu-.. 
 Fired by his words, they rally with new strength, 
 Ami stand in dense battalion. By > ! 
 
 Tumus retreats upon the side that join-, 
 
 The river, and IS hounded by its wave . 
 
 Shouting, the Trojans hear more fiercely down, 
 
 And mass their forces. So the hunters press 
 
 A raging lion with their darts and spears. 
 
 Dismayed, but glaring fiercely, he draws hack; 98a 
 
 His rage and courage both forbid to turn ; 
 
 Nor can he spring upon them, though he would, 
 
 Powerless against the weapons and the men. 
 
 Turnus, hesitating, backward moves, 
 With lingering steps, and boils with fruitless rage. 985 
 
 1 n then, he twice attacked the enemy 
 Full in their centre; twice along the walls 
 He chased them in confusion. But in haste, 
 Forth from the camp, the whole host now has joined 
 
 linst him single; nor does Juno dare 990 
 
 To give him strength enough; for Jupiter 
 Sends Iris down, bearing no soft commands, 
 Should Turnus not depart and leave the walls. 
 So neither with his shield nor strong right arm 
 The youth is able to sustain such force ; 
 
39° The Alneid. 
 
 So thick the storm of darts that hails around. 
 
 With blow on blow the helmet on his brows 
 
 Is ringing, and the solid brass is riven 
 
 By flying stones, his plumy crest struck off; 
 
 His bossy shield no longer can endure iooo 
 
 The shocks of battle ; while the Trojans press 
 
 On with redoubled spears, — Mnestheus himself 
 
 A thunderbolt. Then, dripping from his limbs 
 
 Black sweat-drops run in streams ; nor can he breathe. 
 
 Exhausted, panting, heaves his weary frame. 1005 
 
 Until at last with a great bound he leapt, 
 
 With all his armor on, into the stream. 
 
 The yellow flood received, and bore him up 
 
 Upon its gentle waves, and washed away 
 
 The stains of slaughter from his limbs ; and back, 1010 
 
 Rejoicing, to his friends restored the chief. 
 
BOOK X. 
 
 "]\ TEANWHILE the omnipotent Olympian doors 
 
 Are opened, and the father of the gods 
 And sovereign of men a council holds 
 Within his starry courts, whence from ahove 
 He sees the spreading lands, the Trojan camp, s 
 
 And Latian tribes. The double-folding gates 
 Receive the gods; they sit; then Jove thus speaks: — 
 
 " Celestial Powers, why is your purpose thus 
 
 Turned backward, and why with these hostile minds 
 
 Do ye contend ? No token of assent i° 
 
 I gave, that Italy and the Trojan race 
 
 Should clash in war. Why this discordant strife 
 
 'Gainst my decree ? What fears persuaded these 
 
 Or those to draw the sword and rush to arms? 
 
 The lawful time will come for war, — let none «s 
 
 Anticipate the day, — when on the towers 
 
 Of Rome, fierce Carthage through the opened Alps 
 
392 The Aineid. 
 
 Shall bring destruction. Then, for war and spoils 
 
 Your hatred shall be free. But now forbear, 
 
 And willingly conclude our destined league." *> 
 
 Thus briefly Jupiter ; but not so brief 
 
 The words of golden Venus, who replied : — 
 
 "O Father, O eternal power of men 
 
 And their affairs ! for whom is there beside 
 
 That we can now implore ? Dost thou not see 25 
 
 How these Rutulians insult ; how, borne 
 
 Conspicuous on his steed amid the ranks, 
 
 Flushed with success, Turnus is rushing on ? 
 
 Their guarded ramparts now protect no more 
 
 The Trojans ; but within their very gates 3° 
 
 And mounded walls the battle rages still ; 
 
 And with their blood the trenches overflow. 
 
 iEneas, absent, nothing knows of this. 
 
 And wilt thou never suffer that this siege 
 
 Be raised ? Once more their enemies now threat 35 
 
 Their rising Troy, and with another host. 
 
 Once more against the Trojans comes the son 
 
 Of Tydeus, from /Etolian Arpi sent. 
 
 For me, I verily believe, new wounds 
 
 Are yet in store ; and I, thy offspring, still 40 
 
Book X. \- 
 
 A contest must await with mortal arm . 
 If without thy consent, 'gainst thy deci 
 The Trojans come to Italy, for this 
 
 Let them atone, nor give them aid ; but it, 
 
 Obedient to 60 many answers given 
 From the celestial and internal realms, 
 They came, how now can any one pervert 
 Thy high commands, or frame the fates anew : 
 Why call to mind the burning of their fleet 
 On the Sicilian shore? — the furious winds s° 
 
 Raised from /F.olia by the king of storms? — 
 Or iris, through the clouds despatched to earth? 
 Now e'en the forces of the Underworld 
 She moves; — this region yet remained untried; — 
 And, suddenly let loose on upper realms, ss 
 
 Allecto through the Italian cities raves. 
 I care no more for empire : this we hoped 
 While Fortune stood our friend. Let those prevail 
 Whom thou wilt have prevail. If upon earth 
 There be no spot thy rigid spouse accords * 
 
 Into the Trojans, then, () Sire divine, 
 I do conjure thee, by the smoking ruins 
 Of Troy demolished, let me send away 
 A-canius safe; let my grandson survive. 
 50 
 
394 The Alneid. 
 
 Yea, let iEneas upon unknown seas 65 
 
 Be tossed, and follow whatsoever course 
 
 Fortune may grant ; but give me power to shield 
 
 His son, and save him from the direful war. 
 
 Amathus, Paphos, and Cythera are mine, 
 
 And mine the mansion of Idalia. 70 
 
 Here let him pass his life, and lay aside, 
 
 Inglorious, his arms. Let Carthage rule 
 
 Ausonia with oppressive sway. From him 
 
 The Tyrian cities shall receive no check. 
 
 What profit had iEneas to have 'scaped 75 
 
 The pest of war, and through the Grecian flames 
 
 To have fled, and on the ocean and the land 
 
 Borne to the uttermost so many perils, 
 
 While Latium and a Pergamus revived 
 
 The Trojans seek ? Better for them to have built 80 
 
 Upon their country's ashes, and the soil 
 
 Where Troy once was. Give back, O Sire, I beg, 
 
 To these unhappy ones their Simois 
 
 And Xanthus, and again let them endure 
 
 The sufferings of Troy." 
 
 Then, stung with rage, 8 S 
 
 The royal Juno spake : " Wherefore dost thou 
 Force me to break my silence deep, and thus 
 
Book A. 
 
 Proclaim in words my secret lorrow? Who 
 
 Of mortals, or oi gods, ever constrained 
 
 /F.ncas to pursue these wars, ami face > ■ 
 
 The Latian monarch as an enemy : 
 Led by the fates be came to Italy ; 
 it so; Cassandra's raving prophecies 
 
 Impelled him. Was it we who counselled him 
 
 To leave his camp, and to the winds commit 9S 
 
 I 1 lite? or to a hoy entrust his walls, 
 
 And the chief conduct of the war ? or seek 
 
 A Tuscan league ? or stir up tribes at peace ? 
 
 What god, what unrelenting power of mine, 
 
 Compelled him to this fraud ? What part in this 100 
 
 Had Juno, or had Iris, sent from heaven ? 
 
 A great indignity it is, forsooth, 
 
 That the Italians should surround with flames 
 
 Your new and rising Troy, and that their chief, 
 
 Turnus, should on his native land maintain 105 
 
 His own, whose ancestor Pilumnus was, 
 
 Whose mother was the nymph Vcnilia. 
 
 W hat is it tor the Trojans to assail 
 
 The Latins with their firebrands, and subdue 
 
 The alien fields, and hear away their spoil "; 
 
 Choose their wives' lathers, and our plighted brides 
 
396 The Aineid. 
 
 Tear from our breasts ? Sue with their hands for peace, 
 
 Yet hang up arms upon their ships ? Thy power 
 
 May rescue iEneas from the Greeks, and show 
 
 In place of a live man an empty cloud ; us 
 
 Or change his ships into so many nymphs. 
 
 Is it a crime for us to have helped somewhat 
 
 The Rutuli against him ? Ignorant 
 
 And absent, as thou say'st, iEneas is ; — 
 
 Absent and ignorant then let him be. no 
 
 Thou hast thy Paphos, thy Idalium too, 
 
 And lofty seat Cythera. Why then try 
 
 These rugged hearts, a city big with wars ? 
 
 Do we attempt to overturn your loose 
 
 Unstable Phrygian state? Is 't we, or he 1*5 
 
 Who exposed the wretched Trojans to the Greeks ? 
 
 Who was the cause that Europe rose in arms 
 
 With Asia, or who broke an ancient league 
 
 By a perfidious theft ? Did I command, 
 
 When the Dardanian adulterer 13° 
 
 Did violence to Sparta? Or did I 
 
 Supply him weapons, and foment the war 
 
 By lust ? Thou shouldst have then had fear for those 
 
 Upon thy side ; but now too late thou bring'st 
 
 Idle reproaches and unjust complaints." 135 
 
Book \. 
 
 flino pleaded ; and the immortals .ill 
 Murmured their various scnteiu when 
 
 'The rising breeze caught in the depths, 
 
 Muttering in smothered sighs and undertone , 
 
 Foretells tO mariners the coming storm, m 
 
 Then the Omnipotent Father, who o'errules 
 
 The universe, begins. Ami while he speaks, 
 
 The lofty palace of the gods is hushed, 
 
 The fixed earth tremhles, and the height! of air 
 
 Are silent; then the Zephyrs fold their win. , 145 
 
 1 the great Ocean smooths his placid waves. 
 " Hear then, and fix mv words within vour minds. 
 Since it is not permitted that a league 
 Between the Trojan and the Ausonian powers 
 Be made, and since your discord finds no end, 150 
 
 Whatever fortune falls to-day tor each, 
 Whatever hope each one may build for himself, 
 Or Trojan, or Rutulian, he with me 
 
 .11 know no difference; whether through the 1.;:. 
 The Latians hold the Trojan camp besieged, 
 Or through Troy's fatal error, ami mistake 
 01 doubtful warnings. Nor do I exempt 
 The Rutuli. To each his enterprise 
 
398 The Aineid. 
 
 Will bring its weal or woe. Jove is the same 
 
 To all alike. The Fates will find their way." 160 
 
 By his Stygian brother's river-banks, the gulfs 
 
 And torrents of black pitch, he sealed his vow, 
 
 And bowed his head, and all Olympus shook. 
 
 Here ended speech. Then from his golden throne 
 
 Jove rose, and in the midst of all the gods 165 
 
 Attending, through the Olympian portals passed. 
 
 Meanwhile the Rutuli round all the gates 
 
 Pursue their havoc, and surround the walls 
 
 With flames; while in their ramparts close besieged, 
 
 The Trojans, hopeless of escape, are held. 170 
 
 Forlorn they stand upon their lofty towers, 
 
 In vain, and round the battlements oppose 
 
 Their thin ring of defence; in front are seen 
 
 Asius Imbrasides, Thymcetes, son. 
 
 Of Hicetaon, the two Assaraci, 175 
 
 Castor, and aged Thymbris ; and with these 
 
 Sarpedon's brothers both ; and Clarus too, 
 
 And Themon, who from lofty Lycia came. 
 
 Lyrnessian Acmon, strong as Clytius 
 
 His sire, or as Mnestheus, his brother, comes, 180 
 
 Lifting a rock immense, a mountain mass, 
 
Book x. | 
 
 IIi> whole frame straining to its uti trength. 
 
 With javelins Borne, and Borne with stones, e 
 To make defence; or hurl their blazing bran 
 
 Or tit the arrow to the string. And lo, i«s 
 
 The youthful Dardan prince among them In 
 Venus' most precious charge, his comely head 
 
 Hare, like a gem that parts the yellow gold 
 
 Adorning neck or hrow, or ivory cased 
 
 In boxwood or Orician terebinth. 
 
 On his white neck his flowing locks lie hack, 
 
 Bound with a circle of soft gold. Thee tOO, 
 
 O Lsmarus, the heroic tribes beheld 
 
 Aiming thy darts, the steel with poison tipped ; 
 
 Thou of a noble line of Lydia sprung, «9S 
 
 Where through the fertile helds by labor tilled 
 
 Pactolus rolls along his golden sands. 
 
 And there was Mnestheus too, raised high in fame 
 
 Since he had beaten Turnus from the walls ; 
 
 And Capys, from whom Capua since was named. 
 
 While these sustained the shocks of rugged war, 
 -/Eneas in the middle of the night 
 
 W as ploughing through the waves. 1 r having 
 left 
 
4-00 The Aineid. 
 
 Evander, to the Etruscan camp he had gone, 
 
 And laid before the king his name and race, 205 
 
 What he desired of him, and what proposed ; 
 
 Unfolds what force Mezentius to himself 
 
 Prepares to win, and Turnus' violent mood : 
 
 Warns him what confidence may be reposed 
 
 In man ; and with his warnings mingles prayers. 210 
 
 Without delay Tarchon unites his force, 
 
 And strikes a league. The Lydians, disengaged 
 
 From fate's restraint, embark upon the fleet, 
 
 Placed by commandment of the gods beneath 
 
 A foreign leader. Then Eneas' ship 21s 
 
 Leads on ; the Phrygian lions yoked are carved 
 
 Below the prow, while Ida towers above, 
 
 An emblem dear to Trojan exiles. Here 
 
 The great /Eneas sits, and in his mind 
 
 The various vicissitudes of war 220 
 
 Revolves. Beside him Pallas, sitting close, 
 
 Inquires about the stars, and of their path 
 
 Amid the night; and of the sufferings 
 
 That he has borne on ocean and on land. 
 
 Now open Helicon, ye goddesses, «,* 
 
 And aid my song to tell what bands meanwhile 
 
Book A. ^OI 
 
 Attend /Eneas from the Tuscan cos 
 
 And man his ships, transported o'er the sea. 
 
 Fir^t, in the brazen Tigris, Massicus; 
 A thousand warriors under his command, »jo 
 
 Who Cosz and the walls of Clusium left; 
 With bows, and arrows, and light quivers armed. 
 Grim Abas goes with him, his squadron all 
 With burnished weapons; and upon his stern 
 A gilded image of Apollo shone. »3S 
 
 His native city Populonia 
 \\\<\ given to him six hundred warriors tried 
 In war; three hundred more from Ilva went, 
 An island rich and inexhaustible 
 
 In iron mines. Asilas came the third; u> 
 
 Interpreter of gods and men was he, 
 To whom the victims' fibres, and the stars, 
 The languages of birds, and fiery bolts 
 Oi the presaging lightning, all were known. 
 A thousand men he leads in close array, *4> 
 
 W ith bristling spears; all placed in his command 
 By Pisa, of Alphean origin, 
 Although a Tuscan city. Astur next, 
 A warrior of exceeding beauty, comes, 
 5* 
 
402 The Alneid. 
 
 Confiding in his steed and motley arms. 150 
 
 Three hundred, with one purpose, follow him. 
 
 From Caere and from Minio's plains they come, 
 
 And Pyrgi, and Gravisca's sickly shores. 
 
 Nor can I pass thee by, most brave in war, 
 
 Cinyras, leader of Ligurian troops. »ss 
 
 Nor thee, Cupavo, with thy slender band ; — 
 
 Thy crest the plumage of a swan, the sign 
 
 Of thy changed father's fate ; love was the cause 
 
 Of evil fortune unto thee and thine. 
 
 For, as they tell us, Cycnus, while in grief »6o 
 
 For his beloved Phaeton he sang 
 
 Among the poplar boughs, his sister's shade, 
 
 And with his music soothed his sorrowing love, 
 
 Brought on himself the semblance of old age, 
 
 A downy plumage; and so left the earth, ^ 
 
 And singing, soared away among the stars. 
 
 His son, attended by his troops, impels 
 
 The mighty Centaur with his oars, whose form 
 
 Towers o'er the waves, and threatening holds a rock, 
 
 And with his long keel furrows the deep sea. *7° 
 
 Next, with a cohort from his native shores, 
 Comes Ocnus, of prophetic Manto born, 
 
Book x. 403 
 
 And of the Tuscan River, who to thee 
 
 Gave walls, Mantua, and his mother's name, — 
 Mantua, a city rich in ancestors ; ijj 
 
 Hut not one lineage tor all. Three lines 
 
 Are hers, an J to each line four tribes. Of th 
 
 She the chief city is. Prom Tuscan blood 
 
 Her Strength IS drawn. Hence too Mczentius arms 
 Five hundred warriors sent against himself, ■* 
 
 Whom Mincius, rising from his parent-lake 
 Benacus, veiled with sea-green reeds, conveyed 
 Down to the sea in ships of hostile pine. 
 
 Heavy Aulestes, rising to the stroke, 
 
 aing the billows with a hundred oars, »*s 
 
 Comes, turning up the foam. The Triton huge 
 Conveys him, and with sounding conch affrights 
 The dark blue waves, and as he sails presents 
 A -haggy figure, human to the waist, 
 The rest a scaly monster of the sea. 
 Heneath his rough breast murmuring laps the surge. 
 
 So many chosen chiefs, in thrice ten ships, 
 Sailed to help Troy, and with their brazen prows 
 Ploughed through the briny plains. 
 
 And now the day 
 
4 o 4 The Aineid. 
 
 From heaven had faded, and the tender moon *95 
 
 Was journeying in her nightly car midway 
 
 Through the Olympian sky. Eneas' cares 
 
 Allow his limbs no rest. He sits and guides 
 
 The helm himself, and manages the sails. 
 
 When, in the middle of his course, behold, 3°° 
 
 A choir of those who once attended him, — 
 
 Sea-nymphs benignant Cybele had dowered 
 
 With deity, and changed from ships to nymphs. 
 
 With even pace they swim and cleave the waves, 
 
 As many as the brazen ships that stood 3°s 
 
 Upon the shore. Far off they know their king, 
 
 And with their dancing motions circle him. 
 
 Cymodocea, skilled above the rest 
 
 In speech, her right hand lays upon the stern, 
 
 And with her left rows gently through the waves. 
 
 Him ignorant she then addresses thus : — 
 
 "Wakest thou, iEneas, offspring of the gods? 
 
 Awake, and give thy full sails to the wind. 
 
 We are the pines of Ida's sacred top, 
 
 Thy fleet, now Ocean-nymphs. When sorely pressed j«s 
 
 By the perfidious Rutulian prince 
 
 With sword and fire, we were constrained to break 
 
 Thy cables, and upon the deep we came 
 
B '/" A'. 405 
 
 In quest of thee. The pitying Mother gave 
 
 These shapes to us, and made us god : , jjo 
 
 P sing our days beneath the ocean's wavi . 
 
 Hut now behind the trenches and the walls, 
 
 Thy boy Ascanius is shut in 'mid darts 
 
 Ami martial terrors oi the Latin h 
 
 the Arcadian cavalry have joined 3*$ 
 
 The valiant Tuscans, and have reached the place 
 Appointed. Turn us with his troops resoli 
 To oppose their march, lest they should join the camp. 
 Rise then, and with the approaching dawn, array 
 Thy men in arms, and take thy unconquered shield, ;p 
 The fire-god's gift, bordered with rim> of gold. 
 To-morrow's sun, unless my words seem vain, 
 \ . t heaps of slaughtered Rutuli shall see." 
 She said ; and with her right hand, not unskilled. 
 Impelled the loftv ship, which through the waves 335 
 
 Flew, switter than an arrow that outstrips 
 The winds. The others speed along their course. 
 In ignorant amaze ./Eneas stands, 
 1 et with the favoring omen cheers his crew. 
 Then looking upward, in brief words he prays: — 
 "Ida an C'ybele, — Mother divine 
 
 Or gods, — to whom thy Dindymus is dear, 
 
406 The Alneid. 
 
 Thy cities turret-crowned, thy lions yoked 
 
 In pairs beneath thy reins, be now to me 
 
 My leader in the battle; in due form 345 
 
 Confirm the issue of this augury 
 
 And help the Phrygians with propitious aid!" 
 
 Meanwhile night fled, and the broad day returned. 
 
 Then first his comrades he enjoins to note 
 
 The signal, and prepare their minds for war. 3S° 
 
 And now, while standing on the lofty stern, 
 
 The Trojans and their camp appear to view. 
 
 On his left arm he lifts his blazing shield; 
 
 When from their walls they raise a joyous shout. 
 
 New hope revives their martial rage; they hurl 35$ 
 
 Anew their darts: as when beneath dark clouds 
 
 Strymonian cranes a signal give, and cleave 
 
 The air with clamorous cries, and leave behind 
 
 The southern breezes with their joyous notes. 
 
 But the Rutulian prince and leaders all 363 
 
 Are struck with wonder, till on looking back 
 
 They see the fleet turned toward the shore, and all 
 
 The surface of the sea alive with ships. 
 
 Then burns Eneas' helmet and his crest ; 
 
 His golden shield pours out great flashing flames. -M 
 
Book v. 407 
 
 As when at night 1 blood-red comet glares; 
 Or blazing Sirius bringing pett and dronth 
 
 On stricken mortals, in his rising Bhedfl 
 An ominous light, and saddens all the sky. 
 
 / 
 
 170 
 
 Yet TumilS his tudacioot confidence 
 Bates not, resolved upon the shores to tling 
 
 His forces, and drive hack the coming foe. 
 
 "What ye desired is come," he cries; "to crush 
 
 The enemy in fair tight. Now Mars himself, 
 
 O warriors, is in your power. Each now J75 
 
 Bethink him of his wife and of his home, 
 
 And call to mind the great deeds of his sires. 
 
 Unchallenged let us meet them by the wave, 
 
 While in disorder they attempt to land 
 
 With slippery steps. | Fortune assists the bold." j8o 
 
 He said; and pondered whom he should lead on 
 
 Against the foe, to whom entrust the siege. 
 
 
 Meanwhile from his tall ships /Eneas lands 
 His troops by bridges. M.mv watch the waves 
 Retreating, and upon the shallows leap ; 3«s 
 
 While others trust to oars. Tarchon surv 
 A portion of the strand where all is smooth, 
 
408 The Alneid. 
 
 And where the wavelets in unbroken curves 
 
 Lap on the quiet beach, then turns his prow, 
 
 And cries: "Now bend upon your sturdy oars, 390 
 
 My chosen band, and urge your vessels on! 
 
 Cleave with your beaks this hostile shore ! Each keel 
 
 Shall plough its furrow ; nor shall I refuse 
 
 To wreck my ship in such a port, if we 
 
 But gain the shore ! " This said, the crews at once 39s 
 
 Rise on their oars, and urge the foaming ships 
 
 Upon the Latian strand, until their beaks 
 
 Touch the dry land, and every ship unharmed ; 
 
 All, Tarchon, save thy own. For while she, dashed 
 
 Upon the shallows, on the fatal ridge 400 
 
 Hung, long suspended, in the laboring surge 
 
 She breaks asunder, and amid the waves 
 
 The crew are all exposed ; the broken oars 
 
 And floating benches clog and stop their way ; 
 
 While the receding tide drags back their feet. 
 
 No slow delay keeps Turnus back; but swift 
 
 He hurries his whole army to the shore, 
 
 And ranges them against the foe. The alarm 
 
 Is sounded. First against the rustic ranks 
 
 ./Eneas leads the attack ; an omen this 410 
 
Book \. 409 
 
 0( coming slaughter 'mid the Latian ho J . 
 
 Theron 18 slain, I warrior huge, who BOUght 
 
 Of his own choice Apneas, who with sword, 
 Through brazen shield, and corslet rough w ith gold, 
 Pierces his side. Then Lichas next he emit , 
 
 Who from his mother's womb was cut, and vowed 
 
 To Phoebus, since in infancy he 'scaped 
 
 The dangerous steel. A little farther on, 
 
 Huge Gyas, and the hardy Cisseus fall, 
 
 While they with clubs were striking down the troops. 4*0 
 
 The arms of Hercules availed them naught ; 
 
 N : their own strength of hand ; nor that they had 
 
 Melampus for their sire, Alcides' mate, 
 
 While earth supplied his toils. At Pharus too, 
 
 Full in his mouth, while clamoring boastful words, 4*5 
 
 He hurls a spear. Thou, Cvdon, too, while sad 
 
 Following thy Clytius, thy new love, his cheeks 
 
 Tinged with the yellow down oi youth, hadst fallen 
 
 Beneath the Trojan arm, a piteous sight, 
 
 Oblivious of the love thou hadst for youths, 43° 
 
 Had not a band of brothers, seven in all, 
 
 The sons of Phorcus, stood against the toe. 
 
 Each threw a dart; some glance from helm and shield, 
 
 W hile some, just grazing, Venus turns aside. 
 
 5* 
 
410 The Alneid. 
 
 ./Eneas then to trusty Achates speaks: — 43s 
 
 " Supply me now with javelins ; for not one 
 Of those which on the Trojan fields once pierced 
 The bodies of the Greeks, this hand shall hurl 
 In vain against the Rutuli." With that, 
 He grasps and throws a mighty spear. It flies, +40 
 
 And through the brazen plates of Mseon's shield 
 It pierces, cleaving corslet through and breast. 
 To him Alcanor flies, with his right hand 
 Sustains his dying brother; but again 
 A spear is hurled, and passes through his arm, 44s 
 
 And, reddened with his blood, flies on its course; 
 And from his shoulder hangs the lifeless arm. 
 Then from his brother's body Numitor 
 Plucks out the dart, and at ./Eneas aims 
 The weapon, but in vain ; for, turned aside 450 
 
 From him, it grazes great Achates' thigh. 
 Clausus of Cures, trusting in his youth, 
 Now comes, and with his sharp spear driven deep 
 Stabs Dryops 'neath the chin, and through the throat, 
 While speaking, snatching at one thrust both voice 45s 
 And life away; his forehead strikes the earth ; 
 The blood flows from his mouth. Three Thracians 
 too, 
 
B v v. 4 1 i 
 
 ot* lofty Borean family, and three 
 'Their father [dai sent from [trnara 
 
 Their native land, he llays, w ith varicuis fate. 
 
 Halesus, and Messapus with hi> ite 
 And the Auruncan cohorts, all come up. 
 
 Now on this side and now on that, they strive 
 To heat each other back. The battle-ground 
 [fl oil the very entrance ol the land. 4*s 
 
 As in the skv's expanse, the warring winds 
 Are matched with equal force, and neither they, 
 Nor clouds, nor seas give way ; on either side 
 P tibtfu] and long, all elements opposed; 
 So clash the Trojan and the Latian hosts; 4-5 
 
 Foot fixed to foot, and man confronting man. 
 But in another place, where, scattered wide, 
 A torrent had rolled down the rocks, ami torn 
 The thickets from the banks, when Pallas saw 
 The Arcadians, unaccustomed to contend 4-< 
 
 On foot, flying before the Latian hosts, — 
 For o'er the rugged soil they could not urge 
 Their horses, — he, the sole expedient left 
 In this distress, inflames their warlike zeal, 
 Now with entreaties, now with bitter words. 4*> 
 
 "And whither do ye fly, my men ? " he cries ; 
 
4 1 2 The Aineid. 
 
 "By your own selves, and all your gallant deeds, 
 
 By Evander's name, your chief, and by the fields 
 
 Ye have won, and by my rising hopes that now 
 
 Grow emulous to gain my father's praise, 485 
 
 Trust not in flight. We with our swords must cut 
 
 A passage through ; there, where the densest mass 
 
 Opposes, there your country calls both you 
 
 And me your leader. No divinity 
 
 Presses against us. Mortal men ourselves, 490 
 
 We deal with none but mortal foes. We have 
 
 As many souls, as many hands, as theirs. 
 
 Behold ! the mighty ocean hems us in. 
 
 Land too we lack for flight. Is it the sea, 
 
 Or Troy, to which our path shall be?" He said; 49s 
 
 And dashed into the thickest of the foes. 
 
 First, Lagus, led by inauspicious fates, 
 
 Confronts him, coming with a ponderous stone. 
 
 Whirling his lance, the youth transfixes him 
 
 Between the spine and ribs, and backward draws 5 00 
 
 His spear that in his body stuck. Meanwhile 
 
 Hisbo attempts to strike him from above, 
 
 But fails, against his hope. For as he comes 
 
 Rushing, unguardedly, and mad with rage 
 
B '('/• .v. .; i | 
 
 At his companion's death, upon hi s°$ 
 
 Pallas receives him ; m bit swollen lun 
 The steel is buried. Next on Sthenelui 
 He charges, and upon Anchemolus, 
 Ot Rhostus' ancient race, who dared to invade 
 His step-dame's bed. Ye also on the field 
 Twin-brothers, Thvmber and Laridefl fell, 
 The sons of DailCUS, so alike that oft 
 The pleasing error in each lorm and lace 
 .ived your very parents and their kin. 
 But cruel marks oi difference on both 5 « 5 
 
 Pallas affixed : tor his Kvandrian blade 
 S:ruck cjff thy head, O Thvmber; and from thee, 
 Was severed, O Larides, thy right hand, 
 Whose dying ringers twitch, and clutch the steel. 
 
 The Arcadians now by this success inflamed, 
 And by their hero's gallant deeds, are armed 
 With mingled rage and shame against their iocs. 
 Then RhcEteilS, in his chariot riving by, 
 The spear of Pallas picrCCS, and gives space- 
 To Ilus for a while to escape his death ; 
 1 r against Ilus he had hurled his lance, 
 Which Rhuetcus midway intercepts, as he, 
 
414 The Aineid. 
 
 Close pressed by Teuthras and by Tyres, flies. 
 
 Rolled from his chariot, dying, on the field 
 
 He falls. And as in summer, when the winds 530 
 
 Wished for, arise, the shepherd scatters fire 
 
 About the woods, the tracts that lie between 
 
 Kindle and spread, till all the extended fields 
 
 Blaze in one dreadful battle-line of flame; 
 
 He sitting, sees the fire's triumphant march; — 53s 
 
 So the whole valor of thy troops combines 
 
 In one, O Pallas, and assists thy strength. 
 
 But now Halesus, terrible in war, 
 Bears down against them, covered with his shield. 
 Ladon and Pheres and Demodocus 54° 
 
 He slays, and with his flashing sword strikes off 
 The right hand of Strymonius, reaching out 
 To clutch his throat ; then with a stone he smites 
 The brow of Thoas, scattering splintered bones 
 And bloody brains. His father in the woods 54s 
 
 Had hid Halesus; his prophetic soul 
 Presaged his fate. Soon as the aged sire 
 His eyelids closed in death, the Destinies 
 Laid on his son their hands, devoting him 
 To the Evandrian spear. Him Pallas seeks; ss° 
 
 But first he offers up this prayer : " Grant now, 
 
Book x. 1 1 5 
 
 o father Tiber, to this steel I poise, 
 
 Successful flight through strong Halesus* brea t. 
 
 Oil thine oak his arms ami spoilt shall liar. 
 The god gave ear; but while Hale reened 555 
 
 His friend Imaon, hapless, he exposed 
 His breast defenceless to the Arcadian spear. 
 
 But Lausus, in himself a warlike host, 
 
 Surfers not that his troops should be dismayed 
 
 At the dire carnage by this warrior dealt. 5 fo 
 
 First Abas, who confronts him, he strikes down, 
 
 The battle's knot and stay. Down fall the sons 
 
 Of Arcadv, the Etruscan warriors fall ; 
 
 And you, ye Trojans, by the Greeks unscathed ! 
 
 Their leaders and their forces matched, both hosts 565 
 
 Clash in the conflict. Those upon the rear 
 
 Press thick upon the front ; nor does the throng 
 
 Leave room to use their weapons or their hands. 
 
 Here Pallas presses on, there Lausus comes 
 
 Against him ; near alike they stand in age, 
 
 Distinguished both for beauty. But for them 
 
 Fortune had not ordained that they should 1 
 
 lin their native land, "let Heaven's great king 
 Suffered them not to meet in arms; their fait 
 
4 1 6 The Aineici. 
 
 Await them soon from a superior foe. 575 
 
 Meanwhile as Turnus in his rapid car 
 
 Cuts through the opposing ranks, his sister fair 
 
 Warns him to haste to Lausus' aid. When he 
 
 His comrades saw, " 'T is time now to desist 
 
 From battle," he exclaimed : " for I alone 580 
 
 Must deal with Pallas ; he is due to me 
 
 Alone. Would that his father might be here 
 
 To see us! " Saying this, at his command 
 
 His followers quit the field. But wondering much 
 
 At the Rutulians' retreat, and these commands s*s 
 
 Imperious, Pallas in amazement looks 
 
 On Turnus, and with frowning glance aloof 
 
 Surveys his mighty frame from head to foot. 
 
 And moving forward, answers thus his words: — 
 
 " Either for winning spoils of triumph now, 590 
 
 Or for a glorious death, I shall be praised. 
 
 For either lot my father is prepared. 
 
 Away then with thy threats!" Saying this, he stepped 
 
 Into the middle of the field. The blood 
 
 Ran icy cold within the Arcadians' hearts. 595 
 
 Down from his chariot Turnus leapt, prepared 
 
 To meet him face to face. As from his lair 
 
Btoi x. 417 
 
 On high, a lion when he sees a hull 
 Stand meditating battle in .1 field, 
 
 Ami Hies to DUCd him, so comes Turnus on. ««o 
 
 As soon as Pallas trusted that his spear 
 Could reach his foe, he made the first advance ; 
 G 1 Fortune, though with strength ill-matched with his, 
 Might speed his daring hand; then to the heavens 
 Appealing, speaks : " Alcides, hear my prayer ! 605 
 
 By mv sire's hospitality, the boards 
 Where thou, a stranger, didst partake with him, 
 Aid, I beseech, my daring deed begun. 
 May Turnus' dying eyes behold me strip 
 His bloody armor from his limbs half dead, *•« 
 
 And see me conqueror ! " Alcides heard 
 The youth, and deep within his heart suppressed 
 A heavy groan, with unavailing tears. 
 Then with consoling words the Sire supreme 
 Addressed his son : "To every one his day 615 
 
 Stands fixed by fate. The term of mortal life 
 Ts brief, and irretrievable to all. 
 But to extend the period of its tame 
 By noble actions, this is virtue's work. 
 Beneath Troy's lofty walls what sons of gods 610 
 
 Have fallen : yea with them e'en Sarpedon tell, 
 53 
 
41 8 The Alneid. 
 
 My offspring ; Turnus also by the fates 
 
 Is called, and nears the verge of life." He said; 
 
 And turned his eyes from the Rutulian fields. 
 
 But Pallas hurls a spear with strength immense, 625 
 
 And from his scabbard draws his gleaming sword. 
 
 The weapon on the shoulder's plating glanced, 
 
 And through the buckler's border forced its way, 
 
 And 'gainst the mighty frame of Turnus grazed. 
 
 But he, with aim deliberate poising long 630 
 
 A steel-tipped javelin, against Pallas hurled 
 
 The shaft, and cried : "See whether ours be not 
 
 The weapon that shall make the deeper wound!" 
 
 He said ; and through the middle of the shield, 
 
 With quivering blow the pointed javelin pierced ; 6 3S 
 
 Through plates of steel and brass, through fold on fold 
 
 Of tough bull's hide, through barriers of wrought mail, 
 
 Till deep into his breast the weapon sinks. 
 
 The hot shaft from the wound he strives in vain 
 
 To draw ; from the same passage gushes out 6 4 o 
 
 His life-blood and his life. Down on his wound 
 
 He falls ; his armor clangs ; with bloody mouth 
 
 He bites the hostile earth in pangs of death. 
 
 But Turnus, striding over him, exclaims: — 
 
Book x. 1 1 <i 
 
 H Yc men of Arcady, be sure to bear *4s 
 
 These words of mine to Kvander. In such plight 
 
 As he deserved, I send his Pallas back. 
 Whatever honor may be in .1 tomb, 
 Whatever solace lies in funeral rites, 
 
 I freely grant. His hospitality 
 
 Accorded to ./Eneas, no slight cost 
 
 Shall be to him." With that, he pressed the corpse 
 
 With his left foot, and seized and tore away 
 
 The heavy belt (stamped with a tale of crime, 
 
 I I iw in one nuptial night a band of youths 655 
 Were foully butchered, and their bridal beds 
 Drenched in their blood. Clonus Eurytides 
 
 Had wrought the story in a mass of gold). 
 
 Grasping this spoil, Turnus exults with joy. 
 
 Alas, how ignorant is man of fate; 662 
 
 Elated with success, how hard for him 
 
 To keep within his bounds! The time will come 
 
 When Turnus shall well wish that he had bought 
 
 At a dear price, that Pallas had been spared. 
 
 Then will he hate these spoils, and hate the day. 
 
 But Pallas stretched upon his shield is borne 
 Away by a group of friends, with groans and tears. 
 O grief and glory of thy sire, to whom 
 
42 o The Aineid. 
 
 They bear thee back ! This first day to the war 
 Gave thee, and snatches thee away. Yet thou 6 7 o 
 
 Didst leave vast heaps of the Rutulians slain. /v- 
 
 j — ~~~~~~ - 
 
 And now, not rumor, but more certain word 
 Of this disaster to iEneas flies : 
 That on the narrow edge of ruin dire 
 His friends were driven ; and the hour to help 6 7s 
 
 The flying Trojans, urgent. With his sword 
 He mows his way amid the nearest ranks, 
 His angry blade forcing a passage wide, 
 Seeking for Turnus, who with pride exults 
 In his new victory. Before him now, 680 
 
 Pallas, Evander, and the memories 
 Of those first banquets where he sat a guest, 
 And the right hands he grasped, all fill his eyes. 
 Four youths he seizes, sons of Sulmo ; four 
 Whom Ufens reared, an offering to the shade 6*5 
 
 Of Pallas, destined with their captive's blood 
 To drench the fires upon his funeral pile. 
 
 At Magus next he hurled his hostile spear; 
 
 Who deftly stoops; the whizzing javelin flies 
 
 Above his head. Embracing then his knees, M 
 
B ok v. \: i 
 
 Magus thus pleads : " Ah, hv thv father 1 ! sh.ule, 
 Ami by thy hopes of voung lulus spare 
 This lite, tor my sire's s^ke, .iml for mv BOIl'll 
 
 I have a stately palace, ami within 
 
 Talents of graven silver buried lie ; 
 
 And weight ot Wrought ami unwrought gold I own. 
 
 T is not on me the Trojan victory turns; 
 Nor can one life make such a difference.' 1 
 
 To whom /Eneas answered: " Keep thv gold, 
 Thy silver talents for thy sons. All rules 700 
 
 Of ransom and of interchange in war 
 Were swept away by Turnus, when he took 
 The life of Pallas. So Anchises' shade, 
 And so lulus deems." With that, he grasped 
 With his left hand his helmet, and bent back 70s 
 
 His neck, and, as he begged for mercy, plunged 
 The weapon to the hilt into his breast. 
 
 A little farther on, Ha?monides, 
 
 The Priest of Phoebus and of Dian, stood; 
 
 brows with fillets and with mitre bound; - 13 
 
 In glistening armor and refulgent robes. 
 -/Eneas meets him, and across the plain 
 Pursues; and standing o'er him as he kills, 
 
422 The sEneid. 
 
 Devotes him to the gloomy shades of death. 
 
 Serestus gathers up and bears away 71s 
 
 His arms, a trophy to the god of war. 
 
 Then Caeculus, of Vulcan's race derived, 
 
 And Umbro, coming from the Marsian hills, 
 
 Renew the fight. Raging against them moves 
 
 The Trojan chief. He with his blade smites off 7»° 
 
 Anxur's left hand, and shears his buckler's rim. 
 
 Some mighty spell, or boast he had pronounced, 
 
 And thought that in his words a virtue lay. 
 
 Perhaps to heaven itself his soul was raised, 
 
 Hoping to gain gray hairs, and length of years. 715 
 
 Next Tarquitus, whom Dryope the nymph 
 
 Had borne to sylvan Faunus, threw himself, 
 
 In gleaming armor, 'gainst the chief incensed ; 
 
 Who hurls a spear, and makes of no avail 
 
 His breastplate and his heavy shield ; then down 730 
 
 To earth he smites him, pleading sore, while much 
 
 He fain would say. Then rolling o'er the corpse 
 
 Still warm, thus speaks in wrath : " Thou dreaded foe, 
 
 Lie there! No mother dear shall lay thy head 
 
 In earth. No tomb within thy native land 735 
 
Book \. 4,23 
 
 Shall weigh upon thy limbs. Thou shall he left 
 
 I birds ol prey, or thrown into the wavi . 
 Where hungry \\>\\ shall feast upon thv wounds I" 
 
 Next Lucas and Antaeus he pursues, 
 
 Turnus' chief leaders; the strong Numa then, -4> 
 
 And Camera with the yellow locks, the son 
 
 01 noble Volscens, wealthiest in land 
 
 C^t all the Autonian nation, and who ruled 
 
 Silent Amyclae. As ^Egiron once, 
 
 Wielding, 't is said, a hundred arms and hands, -4; 
 
 And flashing flames from fifty mouths and breasts, 
 
 W hen 'gainst Jove's thunders, on BO many .shields 
 
 lie clashed, and drew so many swords; e'en so 
 
 Victorious j£neas, when his hlade 
 
 Grew warm, raged over all the field, yea, even jfo 
 
 Against Nipruuus with his four steeds, turned ; 
 
 But when they saw him coming, from afar 
 
 In his dire wrath, in fear they turned and fled, 
 
 And rushing wildly overturned their chief, 
 
 And whirled along his chariot to the shore. 
 
 i brothers, Lucagus and Liger, now 
 ( me driving on, by two white horses drawn ; 
 
424 The Aineid. 
 
 While Liger holds the reins, his brother swings 
 
 A naked sword. i*Eneas could not brook 
 
 This furious onset. With opposing spear 760 
 
 He bears against them, towering in his might. 
 
 Then Liger cries: "No steeds of Diomed, 
 
 Nor chariot of Achilles, now thou seest, 
 
 Nor Phrygian fields. Now, and upon this ground 
 
 Shall end the war, and thy own life ! " So flew 765 
 
 The loud and raving words from Liger's lips. 
 
 But not with words the hero answered him, 
 
 But hurls his javelin. Then as Lucagus 
 
 Bends o'er the lash, and with his sharp steel goads 
 
 His coursers, and, his left foot forward thrown, 770 
 
 Prepares for battle, through the lower rims 
 
 Of his bright shield the weapon pierces deep 
 
 To his left groin. Down from his chariot thrown, 
 
 He writhes upon the ground in pangs of death. 
 
 Then thus iEneas speaks, with bitter words: — 775 
 
 " No fault of speed in thy swift horses' feet 
 
 Betrayed thee, Lucagus: no shadows vain 
 
 Affrighted them, to turn and fly. Thyself, 
 
 Thou leavest thy chariot, leaping to the ground!" 
 
 With that he seized the steeds. But slipping down 780 
 
 From the same car, his wretched brother stretched 
 
Book 
 
 
 425 
 
 His lumds, unarmed, beseeching : " By thyself) 
 
 And by the parents who begOl such worth, 
 
 Trojan hero, spare the life of <»nc 
 
 Who begs tor mercy ! " Hut £netl said, 7«$ 
 
 As still he pleaded : " Not such w ere thv words 
 A moment since. Die! let not brother leave 
 A brother thus." Then deep within his breast, 
 The spirit's latent seat, he plunged his steel. 
 
 Such were the deaths the Dardan chieftain dealt, 790 
 
 While raging like a whirlwind or a flood 
 Around the fields; until at length the boy 
 Ascanius, and the warriors whom their foes 
 Besieged in vain, come issuing from their camp. 
 
 Jove of his own accord, meanwhile, addressed 795 
 
 His spouse : " My sister and my consort dear, 
 'T is Venus, as thou saidst, who doth sustain 
 The Trojan powers: thy judgment did not err. 
 These heroes have no swift right hands for war, 
 No courage stern, nor patience to endure." 
 To whom, submissive, Juno thus replied : — 
 "My spouse, most radiantly fair, why thus 
 Torment one who is sick at heart, and dreads 
 54 
 
 SC3 
 
426 The Alneid. 
 
 Thy stern commands ? If what I once possessed 
 
 Were mine, as mine it should have been, the power 8o S 
 
 I had to move thy love, thou wouldst not now, 
 
 Omnipotent, refuse me this request : 
 
 That I may rescue Turn us from the strife, 
 
 And to his father Daunus bring him safe. 
 
 Now he must perish, and his pious blood 810 
 
 Pour out to satisfy the Trojans' hate. 
 
 Yet, from our race he draws his lineage 
 
 (Pilumnus in the fourth degree his sire). 
 
 And oft with liberal hands and many a gift 
 
 Has heaped thy courts." To whom the Olympian king 
 
 Briefly replied : " If for this fated youth 816 
 
 Time and reprieve from present death be sought, 
 
 And 't is thy will that I should thus decree, 
 
 Then snatch him from impending fate by flight. 
 
 Thus far indulgence is allowed. But if 820 
 
 Beneath these prayers of thine there lurks some boon 
 
 Of deeper import, and thou think'st to shift 
 
 And change the whole war, then an empty hope 
 
 Is thine." But Juno, weeping : " What if thou 
 
 Shouldst with thy will grant what thy words refuse, 825 
 
 And Turnus' life remain assured ? Yet now, 
 
 A heavy doom awaits this guiltless one ; 
 
B Ok X. .\2J 
 
 I else I wander pride of truth. Hut O, 
 That I may rather be by groundlc 
 Deceived; and thou, who bail the power, rever c 
 To better endi the course thou bast begun!" 
 
 Thus bavins spoken, from the lofty sky, 
 Wrapped in b cloud, she sped, driving a .storm 
 Down through the sir; and to the Trojan lines 
 
 And the Laurentian camp pursued her way. «ss 
 
 Then from thin mist, a wondrous sight to see, 
 She shapes a phantom in Aneas' form, 
 
 ved in Trojan arms, and counterfeits 
 His shield, and crest upon his head divine; 
 (>ives empty words, and soulless sounding voice, i4<> 
 
 And imitated gait; e'en like the forms 
 That rlit about, 't is said, when death is parsed, 
 Or such as cheat the senses in our sleep. 
 The airy image in the battle's front 
 
 Leaps with exultant step, and challenges »4s 
 
 The warrior with his darts and taunting words. 
 Turnus comes pressing on, and from atar 
 He burlfl a whizzing lance: the phantom turns 
 1' back. Then Turnus, thinking that bis foe 
 Was yielding ground, with his retreating pace, l $ J 
 
428 The sEneid. 
 
 Swells with a vain and empty hope, and cries : — 
 
 " iEneas, whither now ? Do not desert 
 
 Thy plighted nuptials! This right hand of mine 
 
 Shall give the land thou hast crossed the seas to seek ! " 
 
 So shouting he pursues, with brandished sword, 855 
 
 Nor sees his dream of triumph fade in air. 
 
 By chance there was a vessel lying moored 
 
 Beside a rock, with steps and bridge prepared, 
 
 In which the King Osinius had been borne 
 
 From Clusium's shores. Hither as if in fear 86* 
 
 The image of iEneas flies, and seeks 
 
 A hiding-place. Turnus, as swift, pursues ; 
 
 Passes all barriers, leaps across the bridge ; 
 
 But scarce had reached the prow, when Juno breaks 
 
 The cable, and upon the ebbing tide 865 
 
 Hurries the ship away. The airy sprite 
 
 Then cares to hide no further, but is borne 
 
 Aloft, and mingles with a dusky cloud. 
 
 Meanwhile ^Eneas seeks his absent foe 
 
 For battle, sending many a hero down 8 7° 
 
 To death ; while Turnus o'er the sea is swept 
 
 Before the gale. Backward he looks, nor knows, 
 
 Thankless for safety, what the event may mean. 
 
Book x. 4. 
 
 Then lifting both bis bandl to heaven, be cries: — 
 "Omnipotent Creator, didst thou iud «t$ 
 
 That I deserved such dire disgrace M ti. 
 
 And does thy will decree Buch punishment? 
 
 Whence do I COme, and whither am I home 3 
 
 What flight is this, and what am I who tiy ? 
 
 Can I behold again the Latian walls •*> 
 
 Or camp- What will that hand of warriors sav, 
 
 Mv followers in arms, and whom I thus 
 
 Basely abandon to a cruel death ? 
 
 I 'en now I see them scattered, and can hear 
 The groans of those who tall. What can I do : 88 $ 
 
 What earth can now yawn deep enough for me? 
 Pity me, rather, () ve stormy winds, 
 And drive this ship, most heartily I pray, 
 Upon the rocks and cliffs and sandy shoals, 
 Where neither the Rutulians nor my tame fca 
 
 L\\n follow me! " With words like these, his soul 
 Hither and thither fluctuates and turns; 
 Whether, for such disgrace, to plunge his sword 
 Into his frenzied breast, or throw hiflttdi 
 Into the waves, and swimming seek the ikoi 
 I 'gainst the Trojans take the Held again. 
 Thrice he attempted either course; and thrue 
 
43 o The Aineid. 
 
 Did Juno, pitying him, restrain the youth. 
 
 So, onward he was borne, with favoring tide, 
 
 And reached at length his old paternal home. 9°° 
 
 But prompted now by Jove, with fiery zeal 
 
 Mezentius takes the field, and leads the attack 
 
 'Gainst the exulting Trojans. Then at once 
 
 The Tuscan troops rush on him, him alone, 
 
 With all their hoarded hate, and, pressing close, 905 
 
 Assail the warrior with their showers of darts. 
 
 He, like a rock that juts into the sea, 
 
 Braving the fury of the winds and floods, 
 
 And all the threats of heaven, stands fixed and firm. 
 
 Hebrus the son of Dolichaon down 9'° 
 
 To earth he strikes ; and with him Latagus, 
 
 And Palmus, as he flies ; but Latagus 
 
 First with a huge stone smites upon the face ; 
 
 Then Palmus, hamstrung, leaves upon the ground 
 
 To roll, and gives his armor to his son 9»s 
 
 Lausus, to wear, also his plumy crest. 
 
 Phrygian Evanthes too he overthrows; 
 
 And Mimas, Paris' mate, of equal years, 
 
 Son of Theano and of Amycus, 
 
 Born on the very night when Hecuba 9 ao 
 
B k x. 431 
 
 Brought Paris forth, the firebrand of her dream. 
 He in his native city buried lie ; 
 Hut Mimas on Laurentian shores, unknown. 
 And, as from mountain heights pursued by houi 
 
 \ wild boar whom the piny Vesul 
 
 1 the Laurentian marsh tor many a year 
 
 Has sheltered, and the reedy thickets led, 
 When caught amid the toils, he makes a stand, 
 Furious, with bristling back, while none may dare- 
 Oppose, or venture near him, but with shouts 
 And javelins at a distance hem him in ; 
 Hut he, unterrihed, on every side 
 With a deliberate resistance turns, 
 Gnashing his tusks, and shaking from his back 
 The lances; — so with those whom righteous wrath 91s 
 Against Mezentius fires; not one who dar 
 To meet him in close combat ; trom afar 
 They send their clamorous cries and galling shafts. 
 
 From ancient Corythus had come a Greek, 
 
 Acron by name, who had Left his marriage rites 940 
 
 I tnsummated, and had joined the war. 
 
 Far off Mezentius sees him plunging thro 
 
 The ranks confused, decked gayly in the plun 
 

 432 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 And crimson favors of his plighted bride. 
 Then, as an unfed lion, here and there 
 Roaming about the lofty stalls, and driven 
 By maddening hunger, if by chance he espies 
 A timorous kid, or stag with stately horns, 
 Exults, with open jaws and mane erect, 
 And crouching, fastens on his prey, and laves 
 His cruel mouth in gore, — so rushes on 
 Mezentius through his enemies' thick ranks. 
 Down falls the unhappy Acron to the ground, 
 And dying, spurns the dark earth with his heels, 
 And bathes his broken weapons with his blood. 
 
 
 945 
 
 950 
 
 955 
 
 The warrior now disdains to hurl his lance, 
 
 And slay Orodes as he flies, with wound 
 
 Unseen, but runs and meets him face to face 
 
 In close encounter; not in stratagem 
 
 Superior, but in arms. Then with his foot 960 
 
 Upon his fallen foe, and on his spear 
 
 Leaning, exclaims: "Behold, my men, here lies — 
 
 No despicable portion of the war — 
 
 The tall Orodes." With a shout, his friends 
 
 Repeat the exulting paean. But the chief 9 6 5 
 
 Utters these dying words: "Whoe'er thou art, 
 
Book 
 
 
 ng shalt thou, victorious, exult 
 O'er me, nor .shall I now die unavenged. 
 
 A destiny like mine awaits thee tO 
 
 And on these very fields shalt thou soon li< 970 
 
 To whom Me/entitis with a hitter .smile: — 
 " Pie then ! Hut as tor me, the sire of gods 
 And sovereign ot men will see to that." 
 
 ftying, from his breast he drew the steel. 
 Then stern repose and iron-lidded sleep 
 Weighed down the eves that closed in endless night. 
 
 Then Cirdicus strikes oft* Aleathous' head ; 
 
 Sacrator fells Ilvdaspes; Rapo's sword 
 
 Parthenius and the hardy Orses smites; 
 
 Clonius and Ericetes fall before 9«° 
 
 apus' steel ; one from Lis restive steed 
 Thrown down, the other righting foot to foot. 
 'Gainst him the Lycian Agis had stepped forth; 
 But, in ancestral valor not untried, 
 
 Valerus overthrows him. Thronius next 9*s 
 
 Is slain by Salius, he by Nealces' hand, 
 Famed tor his skill to wing the viewless shaft. 
 
 Stern Mars now held in equal poise the deaths 
 55 
 
434 The Alneid. 
 
 And bitter griefs on either side. Alike 
 
 The victors and the vanquished slew and fell. 990 
 
 Nor these, nor those know what it is to fly. 
 
 The gods above with pitying eyes behold 
 
 The fruitless rage of both, and grieve to see 
 
 Such woes for mortal men. Here Venus sees, 
 
 And there Saturnian Juno views the strife, 995 
 
 While through the hosts raves pale Tisiphone. 
 
 But, shaking his huge lance, Mezentius stalks, 
 
 Swelling with rage, across the field. So moves 
 
 Mighty Orion, when his footsteps come 
 
 Cleaving a passage through the ocean deeps, 1000 
 
 His shoulders towering high above the waves ; 
 
 Or, bearing in his hand an aged ash 
 
 From the high mountains, walks upon the earth, 
 
 And hides his head amid the misty clouds. 
 
 So comes Mezentius in his armor huge. ico S 
 
 iEneas in the long battalion sees 
 
 His foe, and goes to meet him. Undismayed 
 
 He stands, firm in his large and massive frame, 
 
 And waits to meet his noble enemy. 
 
 Then measuring with his eyes what distance fits i°io 
 
 His javelin's force; "Now may this god of mine," 
 
B h I 4 
 
 lie cries, "this right hand, ami tin- Bpetf I wiild, 
 
 I mel Thou, Lausus, thou thyself, I swear, 
 Clothed in this robber's ipoili sh.ilt ittnd • 
 A trophy of Eneas' fall ! " He aid, 
 
 Ami hurled his whizzing ftpeif. It Hew ami glanced 
 
 From off .-Eneas' shield, then pierced the Bide 
 
 Of the renowned Antorcs, him who \\a> 
 V, ides' comrade, ami tVom Argos came, 
 And joined Kvander, settling in I town 
 Of Italy. He hapless, by a wound 
 
 Meant tor another, tails, and looks to heaven, 
 
 Remembering his dear Argos as he di< 
 
 Then sped /Eneas' spear; through comave orb 
 
 Of triple brass, through quilted linen folds, i - 
 
 Through woven work of three hulls'-hide N it pierced, 
 
 i to the groin ; but it had spent its force. 
 Then swiftly from his side .Eneas drew 
 
 Hi word, exulting in the Tyrrhene blood 
 
 Thus drawn, and pressed upon his battled toe. i 
 
 But LailSUS saw, and heaved a hitter groan 
 
 Ot filial love, while tears rolled down his cheeks 
 
 And here, thou vouth most worthy to he praised) 
 
 Thee, and the hard fate of thy piteous death, 
 
436 The sEneid. 
 
 And thy most noble deeds, I shall not pass 1035 
 
 In silence, if an act so great as thine 
 Shall be believed by any future age! 
 
 Encumbered, and disabled by his wound, 
 
 Mezentius now drew back with faltering steps, 
 
 Trailing the hostile spear that in his shield 1040 
 
 Still hung. Then forward rushed his son, amid 
 
 The armed troops, beneath iEneas' sword 
 
 Just raised to strike, and, keeping him at bay 
 
 Awhile, sustained the shock. With ringing shouts 
 
 His friends support him, till the sire withdrew, 1045 
 
 Protected by the buckler of the son ; 
 
 And from a distance with their darts repel 
 
 The foe. Beneath the cover of his shield, 
 
 ./Eneas in his wrath confronts the attack. 
 
 As when the clouds pour down a shower of hail, 1050 
 
 The swains and ploughmen hurry from the fields, 
 
 And in some safe retreat the traveller lurks, 
 
 Or 'neath the river-banks, or in rocky clefts, 
 
 While pours the rain, that when the sun returns 
 
 They may pursue the labors of the day; 1=55 
 
 So, overwhelmed by darts on every side, 
 
 ./Eneas bears against the storm of war, 
 
B i '/• .v. j 
 
 Till it has spent it> thunder. Chiding then, 
 
 Ami threatening, he to Lausui calh aloud: — 
 
 "Whither to death and ruin do t thotl in h, ic6o 
 
 Daring to aim at things beyond thy strength ? 
 Thy filial love betrays thy heedless soul." 
 
 But he, infatuated, none the less 
 
 1 rults; and now the Dardan chieftain's wrath 
 
 her and fiercer swells; until the Fates 
 Collect the last threads of young Lausus 1 lite. 
 
 For deep into his breast ASneas' blade 
 
 I plunged, through buckler and through armor light, 
 
 And tunic woven by a mother's hands 
 With threads of delicate gold. His breast is bathed 
 In blood. The sad soul left its mortal frame, 
 And through the air tied to the realm of Shades. 
 Hut when Anchises' son beheld his face 
 
 1 dying looks, so wondrous pale, he groaned 
 With pitving heart, and stretched his right hand forth, 
 T iched by the picture of his filial love. 
 "What worthy recompense, lamented youth," 
 lie said, "what honors cau .T'.neas now 
 
 on virtues such as thine 3 Thy arms, 
 In which thou didst rejoice, retain them still. 
 And to the tomb and ashes oi thy sin . 
 
438 The ALneid. 
 
 If aught of consolation that may be, 
 
 I give thee back. This solace too thou hast, 
 
 In thy unhappy death, that thou hast fallen 
 
 By great ./Eneas' hand." With that he chides 1085 
 
 His hesitating followers, and himself 
 
 Lifts up the youth, his smooth locks smeared with blood. 
 
 Meanwhile the father on the Tiber's shore 
 
 With water stanched his wounds; and eased his limbs, 
 
 Reclining in the shade against a tree. 109* 
 
 His brazen helmet hung upon a bough, 
 
 And on the grass his heavy armor lay. 
 
 His chosen youths around him stand, while he, 
 
 Panting, and faint, relieves his burdened neck, 
 
 His flowing beard spread out upon his breast. >°95 
 
 Ofttimes of Lausus he inquires, and oft 
 
 Sends messengers to call him from the field, 
 
 Bearing commands from his afflicted sire. 
 
 But Lausus' weeping friends were bearing him 
 
 Away upon his shield, a lifeless corpse; >'°o 
 
 Great was his soul, and great the wound that slew him. 
 
 His sire, foreboding sorrow, knew their groans 
 
 Far off. Then on his hoary head he heaped 
 
 The unsightly dust, and stretched his hands to heaven ; 
 
Book A. .| \k) 
 
 And clinging to the corpse, u Mv ion I " Ik- cried, u 
 " Could such delight in life be mine, that I 
 
 Could surfer him whom I begot to itand 
 
 Ami take my place before the focm.in'.s Itcel f 
 And, by these wound* of thine, am I, thv sire 
 Preserved, thus living by thy death? Alas! 
 
 in j 
 
 Bitter at length is exile now to me, 
 
 Wretched! Av, now the wound is deeply driven I 
 
 ' T was I, my son, who stained thy name with crime, 
 
 Expelled from sceptre and paternal throne 
 
 For mv detested deeds. As I deserved mj 
 
 Mv country's vengeance and my subjects' hate, 
 
 I should have forfeited my guilty life 
 
 By every kind of death ; and still I live : — 
 
 Nor men, nor life I leave, — yet leave I will." 
 
 W ith that, the warrior on his crippled thigh iwo 
 
 Litted himself, and though his grievous wound 
 Retards him, not depressed, he bids his steed 
 Be brought, his solace and his pride, on which 
 Victorious he had come from every war. 
 Then to the sorrowing beast he thus begins: — ": 5 
 
 "Long, Rha-bus, have we lived, it aught he long 
 With mortals. Either thou shah bear away 
 \ ictoriously, to-day, /Eneas' head 
 
44-0 The JEneid. 
 
 And bloody spoils, and so avenge with me 
 
 The death of Lausus ; or, if we should fail, 1130 
 
 We both will fall together. For, I ween, 
 
 Never, my own brave steed, wilt thou e'er deign 
 
 To obey a stranger, or a Trojan lord." 
 
 He, mounting then his steed, adjusts his limbs 
 
 Upon the accustomed seat, and fills his hands "35 
 
 With javelins ; and his brazen helmet gleams 
 
 Upon his head, rough with its hairy crest ; 
 
 Then gallops to the middle of the field. 
 
 Deep shame, and mingled grief, and frantic rage, 
 
 And love by maddening furies driven, and sense 114° 
 
 Of conscious valor, boil within his breast. 
 
 Then to ./Eneas thrice he called aloud. 
 
 ./Eneas knew him, and exulting, prayed: — 
 
 " So may great Jove, and so Apollo prompt 
 
 Thy hand! Begin the fight! " No more he said, 1145 
 
 But bore against him with his threatening spear. 
 
 But he : " Why dost thou seek, thou barbarous man, 
 To terrify me, now my son is slain ? 
 This was the only way thou couldst prevail 
 Against me. But I have no fear of death, ns° 
 
 Nor heed I any of your gods. Forbear! 
 I come prepared to die, but first I bring 
 
'/• V. .j } I 
 
 These gifts tor thcc!" He said, ind hurled i shaft, 
 Ami then another, and mother still ; 
 While in a circuit wide he wheeled about. 
 
 The hero's golden ihield sustains tin- slunk. 
 
 Thrice round /Eneas, hieing him, he ri 
 
 In eireles to the left, hifl hand, the while. 
 
 Still hurling lances. Thrice upon his shield 
 The Trojan hero bears about With him 
 A frightful grove of javelins, sticking I 
 
 Till tired of dragging on such long delay, 
 And plucking out so many barbed spears, 
 Hard [Messed, contending in unequal tight, 
 
 King many stratagems, at length, n6$ 
 
 Forward he springs, and darts his weapon straight 
 Between the temples o( the warlike steed. 
 Rearing, the horse heats with his hoot- the air; 
 Then falls upon his rider closely pressed 
 Beneath his shoulder's weight. Then ring the shouts 1170 
 Of Trojans and of Latians to the ski, 
 Hut swiftly /Eneas leapt, and with his sword 
 Snatched from the sheath, stood over him, and spoke: — 
 " Where is the fierce Me/entius now, and all 
 The wild impetuous force that filled his soul I ' 
 
 To whom tlu- I in, when with eyes upraised 
 
 56 
 
442 The Alneid. 
 
 His breath returned, and his bewildered mind: — 
 
 "Thou bitter enemy, why dost thou taunt 
 
 And threaten me with death ? It is no crime 
 
 For thee to slay me. Not for this came I n8o 
 
 To battle; nor did he, my Lausus, make 
 
 Such truce with thee for me. One boon alone 
 
 I ask, if to the vanquished any grace 
 
 Be given ; — that in the earth my corpse may lie. 
 
 I know my subjects' enmity and hate u^s 
 
 Surround me. Save my body from their rage, 
 
 And bury me beside my son." He said ; 
 
 And knowing well his doom, gave to the sword 
 
 His throat. Then with his life his streaming blood 
 
 Rushed forth, and over all his armor poured. "9° 
 
BOOK XI. 
 
 A f EANWHILE the Morning from the Ocean r 
 
 /Eneas, though his wishes strongly urge 
 To give a time of burial for his friends; 
 And by the memory of their deaths his soul 
 Is overcast; yet, with the early dawn, 5 
 
 Pays to the gods the vows a victor owes. 
 An oak-tree huge, its boughs on every side 
 Lopped off, he plants upon a rising ground ; 
 And on it hangs the shining arms, the spoils 
 Ot King Mezentius ; — thine, O warrior-god, 10 
 
 The trophy. There, the crest that dripped with blood 
 He places, and the hero's shattered spears, 
 And breastplate twelve times dented and pierced through. 
 The brazen shield upon the left he binds, 
 And from the neck the ivory-hilted sword «> 
 
 Suspends. Then, while the chiefs around him crowd, 
 He thus addresses his exulting friends 
 W ith words of cheer : M Warriors, our greatest work 
 
444 7^ sEneid. 
 
 Is done ; all lingering fear be banished now. 
 
 The spoils, the first-fruits of our victory, 20 
 
 Worn by that haughty tyrant, — they are here! 
 
 Here, by my hands Mezentius is laid low. 
 
 Now to the king and to the Latian walls 
 
 Our way is free. Prepare your arms ; with hope 
 
 And courage strong, anticipate the war, 15 
 
 Lest obstacles impede you unawares, 
 
 Or counsel born of fear, with motions slow 
 
 Delay you, when the deities give leave 
 
 To pull your standards up, and lead your youths 
 
 From camp. Meanwhile let us commit to earth 3° 
 
 The unburied corpses of our friends ; for such 
 
 Is the sole honor known in Acheron. 
 
 Go then, and with your last sad offerings grace 
 
 Those souls of noble worth who with their blood 
 
 Have won for us this country. First of all, 35 
 
 To Evander's mourning city let us send 
 
 Brave Pallas, whom a day of darkness snatched 
 
 Away from us^-and plunged in bitter death.'* 
 
 Weeping he spoke, and to the threshold went, 
 
 Where, by the corpse of Pallas on his bier 40 
 
 Stretched out, the old Accetes watching sat. 
 
Book XI. .| 15 
 
 He 'twas who had been armor-hearer once 
 To Evandcr ; now, with Badder auspices, 
 Attendant on his own dear foster-son, 
 
 1 thered Around the trains of servant 
 
 And Trojan crowds; while Trojan women came 
 Mourning, as they were wont, with tresses la 
 
 Soon as /Eneas entered the high gates, 
 
 Heating their breasts they raise a long loud groan, 
 
 And the halls ring with grief. When he himself 50 
 
 Beheld the pillowed head and snow-white face 
 
 Of Pallas, and upon his fair smooth breast 
 
 The open wound the Ausonian spear had dealt, 
 
 With tears he could not check he thus began : — 
 
 " Ah dear lamented hoy, did Fortune then, s$ 
 
 Just when she came with smiles, begrudge me thee, 
 
 Lest thou shouldst see the kingdom I should win, 
 
 And to thy.home return with victory crowned? 
 
 Not this the parting promise that I gave 
 
 Thy sire, for thee, w hen with his last embrace &> 
 
 He sent me forth against a mighty realm, 
 
 And, fearful, gave me warning I should meet 
 
 Fierce \'oc^ } ami battles with a hardy race. 
 
 And he, deluded by an empty hope, 
 
446 The Azneid. 
 
 Perhaps even now is offering up his vows, 6s 
 
 Heaping the altars with his gifts, while we, 
 
 With grief and unavailing funeral pomp, 
 
 Attend the lifeless youth, now owing naught 
 
 To any powers above. Unhappy sire, 
 
 Thou wilt behold the cruel obsequies 7© 
 
 Of thy own son ! Is this our homeward march ? 
 
 Our looked-for triumph, our high confidence ? 
 
 But not, Evander, with disgraceful wounds 
 
 Shalt thou behold thy warrior beaten back ; 
 
 Nor thou, O father, wish a fearful death 75 
 
 For one so saved. Alas, how great a guard 
 
 Hast thou, Ausonia, thou, lulus, lost ! " 
 
 Thus having wept, he bids them lift away 
 
 The mournful corpse, and sends a thousand men, 
 
 From the whole army chosen, to attend 80 
 
 These last funereal rites, and bear a part 
 
 In the parental tears ; a solace small 
 
 For that huge grief, yet due the unhappy sire. 
 
 Others, no less alert, with twigs of oak 
 
 And arbute weave a soft and pliant bier, 8 5 
 
 And shade the lifted bed with leafy boughs. 
 
 High on this rustic couch they raise the youth ; — 
 
Book XL 447 
 
 lies .1 flower by i maiden's I phicke 1, 
 
 Some violet .sweet, or languid hyacinth, 
 
 Prom which not vet the form ind bloom have . *• 
 
 Though mother earth \u^ strength nor nurture yield 
 
 Two robes .i nc.b tlien brought forth, .ill BtifT 
 
 With gold tnd crimson broidery, which once 
 Sidonian Dido, pleased to ply her task, 
 
 With her own hands had wrought for him, ami Striped 95 
 
 The tissue through with Blender threads of gold. 
 With one of these, last honor to his friend, 
 
 He clothes the vouth, and with the other veils 
 
 Hi- hair, which soon the funeral flames must hum. 
 
 And many a prize from the Laurentian war 
 
 He heaps, besides, commanding them to lead 
 
 In long array the booty they had won. 
 
 To these he adds the weapons and the steeds 
 
 01 which lie had despoiled the enemy ; 
 
 And those whose hands he had bound behind, to send 
 
 Afl victims to the hero's shade, condemned 
 
 To sprinkle with their blood the altar flames. 
 
 Also the leaders he commands to bear 
 
 The trunks of tree^ with hostile armor hui 
 
 And to affix their enemies' names thereon. ■•« 
 
 tet, wretched and worn out with I 
 
448 The Alneid. 
 
 Is led, who beats his breast and tears his cheeks, 
 
 And throws his body prostrate on the earth. 
 
 The chariots of the hero then are led, 
 
 Dashed with Rutulian blood. His war-horse next, "s 
 
 iEthon, his trappings laid aside, moves on, 
 
 The big tears coursing down his sorrowing face. 
 
 And others bear the helmet and the spear ; 
 
 For all the rest victorious Turnus held. 
 
 Then the sad phalanx comes, the Trojans all, no 
 
 And Tuscans, and Arcadians, following on 
 
 With arms reversed. When all the train had passed 
 
 In long array, ./Eneas paused, and thus 
 
 With a deep groan resumed : " War's direful fates 
 
 Now call us hence to other tears than these. 1*5 
 
 Great Pallas, here I greet thee but to leave! 
 
 Forever hail ! forever fare thee well ! " 
 
 No more he said, but to the camp returned.^ 
 
 And now from King Latinus' city came 
 
 Ambassadors, who bore the olive-branch, 13° 
 
 And sued for grace; that he would render back 
 
 The bodies of their dead in battle slain, 
 
 Strown o'er the fields, with leave to bury them ; 
 
 That, with the vanquished and the dead, all strife 
 
Book XL 449 
 
 Must cease; that those once called his \n l 
 Ami kin by promised union, he would spare. 
 Whom, as their prayer was not i thing to spurn, 
 
 /V.ikm.s with a courteous grace receive , 
 
 Ami adds these woro!>: "What undeserved chant , 
 
 () Latians, hath involved you in such war, mo 
 
 That thus you have avoided us, your friends 3 
 
 1- it tor peace to those bereft oi lite, 
 And taken by the chance oi war, ye sue? 
 Nay, I would grant it too to those who live. 
 
 r, unless destiny had here decreed us 
 
 Mv place and settlement, would I have come. 
 Nor with this nation do I wage a war. 
 Your king renounced all hospitality 
 With us and trusted Turnus' arms. More just 
 It would have been tor Turnus his own liie »s° 
 
 To risk. If it be his design to end 
 With his own hand this war, and to expel 
 The Trojans, then with me he should have fought. 
 And he would have survived, whom power divine 
 Or his own strong right hand had given to live. »5! 
 
 Now go, and for your dead build funeral fires." 
 
 So spoke /Eneas. They astonished stood, 
 
 57 
 
45 The Aineid. 
 
 And silent, and upon each other turned 
 Their faces and their eyes, with looks intent. 
 
 Then aged Drances, who in enmity 160 
 
 And accusations always hostile stood 
 
 To youthful Turnus, thus begins to speak : — 
 
 "O Trojan hero, mighty in thy fame, 
 
 And mightier still in arms, with what high praise 
 
 Shall I extol thy name? — which most admire, 165 
 
 Thy justice, or thy great emprise in war? 
 
 We truly shall with grateful hearts bear back 
 
 This answer to our city ; and if a way 
 
 By any chance should open, will unite 
 
 Thee to our king. Let Turnus for himself 170 
 
 Seek his alliances. Nay, we ourselves, 
 
 Well pleased, will build your fated city's walls, 
 
 And on our shoulders bear the stones of Troy." 
 
 He said, and all as one murmured assent. 
 
 A twelve days' truce is settled ; and meanwhile 175 
 
 The Trojans and the Latins, freely mixed, 
 
 Roam through the forests on the hills, in peace. 
 
 Beneath the axe the rowan-tree resounds; 
 
 The pines that skyward shoot are overturned ; 
 
 Nor do they cease to cleave the trunks of oak «8< 
 
Book XL .|5I 
 
 And fragrant cedar, and to IF 
 
 The mountain-ash trees in their groaning wains. 
 
 Now flying rumor, harbinger of grief 
 
 ;reat, cornea to Evander'i ears, ind fills 
 His court and city ; rumor which but now ifj 
 
 Reported Pallas in the Latian fields 
 
 Victorious. To the gates the Arcadians rush, 
 
 And, as the ancient custom wras, snatch up 
 Their funeral torches. In a long array 
 
 The road is bright with flames, that far and gride «9° 
 
 Make visible the fields. The Phrygian bands, 
 
 Advancing, join the mourning multitude. 
 
 The matrons, when they see them near the walls, 
 
 Rouse the sad city with their cries of grief. 
 
 But nothing can restrain Evander then «9S 
 
 From rushing through the middle o\ the throng. 
 
 The bier set down, the father prostrate tails 
 
 n the body of his son, frith tears and groans 
 Close clinging to the corpse, until at length 
 The words, long stifled by his grief, escape : — *» 
 
 u Was this the promise, () my son, thou gar 1 
 That in no rash encounter vrouldst thou try 
 The risks of raging war? I knew lull well 
 
452 The Alneid. 
 
 How far the fresh delight and fame of arms, 
 
 And the first battle's glory, all too sweet, *o S 
 
 Might carry thee away. Ah, first-fruits dire 
 
 Of youth ! Ah, hard novitiate in a war 
 
 So near at hand ! and vows and prayers unheard 
 
 By any of the deities! And thou, 
 
 Most sacred consort, happy in thy death, no 
 
 Nor for this grief reserved ! while I am left 
 
 Still lingering, and outlive my destined days, 
 
 To stay behind my son, a childless sire ! 
 
 'T was I who should have followed to the field 
 
 The allied arms of Troy, and fallen before ^s 
 
 The lances of the Rutuli. This life 
 
 I should have given, and me, not Pallas, now, 
 
 This funeral pomp had homeward brought! Not you, 
 
 Ye Trojans, and your friendly league, wherein 
 
 You pledged your hands, do I accuse. This blow "o 
 
 Of fortune was but due to my old age. 
 
 And if untimely death has called my son, 
 
 Some solace 't is to know that leading on 
 
 The Trojans into Latium, he has fallen, 
 
 Thousands of Volscians having first been slain. ^s 
 
 Nor other obsequies would I prepare 
 
 For thee, O Pallas, than ./Eneas gives, 
 
Book xi 453 
 
 With the great Phrygians and the Tuscan chu 
 
 And all their host. Proud trophies won by tl 
 
 They bring, from those- whom thy right hand hath slain. 
 
 Thou also wouldst have been Among them here, 
 
 Turn us, a mighty trunk with armor deck* 
 
 Had Pallas been of equal yean ami strength 
 
 With thine. But why need I, unhappy, stay 
 
 The Trojans from the war 3 (Jo, hear in mind 
 
 These words, and take this message to your king: — 
 
 That if I linger out a hated life, 
 
 Now that my Pallas is no more, the cause 
 
 Is thv avenging hand, from which the life 
 
 Of Turnus to a father and a son 14a 
 
 Thou see'st is due. This empty post awaits 
 
 Thee only, and the fortune of thy arms. 
 
 I seek not further joy, nor should I seek, 
 
 In life; but fain into the shades below 
 
 Would hear with me these tidings to my son." 145 
 
 Meanwhile the Morn to wretched mortals brought 
 The light benign, and the day's work and toil 
 Renewed. /Eneas now, now Tarchon built 
 Along the winding shore the funeral piles. 
 I tch hither brought the bodies of his triends, 
 
454 The Aineid. 
 
 According to the custom of his sires. 
 
 The mournful fires are lit beneath ; the sky 
 
 Is hidden in the darkness and the smoke. 
 
 Thrice round the blazing piles they go, all clad 
 
 In glittering armor ; thrice upon their steeds 25s 
 
 Encompass the sad flames with doleful shrieks. 
 
 With tears the earth is wet, with tears their arms. 
 
 The blare of trumpets and the cries of men 
 
 Ascend to heaven. Some throw into the fire 
 
 The spoils they snatched away from Latians slain, — 260 
 
 Helmets and splendid swords, bridles and bits, 
 
 And glowing wheels ; some throw their well-known gifts, 
 
 Their own shields, and their unsuccessful spears. 
 
 To Death they offer up a sacrifice 
 
 Of bulls and swine; and sheep from all the fields 265 
 
 Borne off they slay, and cast into the flames. 
 
 Then all along the shore their burning friends 
 
 They view, and watch the half-charred funeral piles ; 
 
 Nor can they tear themselves away, till night 
 
 Inverts the sky, studded with blazing stars. 270 
 
 Nor with less sorrow do the Latians too, 
 In other quarters, build unnumbered pyres. 
 And many corpses of their warriors fallen 
 
Book xi. 455 
 
 They bury in the earth ; and sonic thev betf 
 l neighboring fields, tome to the city send. »*$ 
 
 The rest, .1 vast prOtniSCUOUl heap of .slain 
 Uncounted, and unmarked hv .separate lit, , 
 Thev burn. Then all around, the extended fid 
 
 Blaze with their frequent tires, in rival /eal. 
 
 The third ddv from the skic> had driven the shades, aSo 
 
 When sadly on the funeral hearths thev heaped 
 
 The piles of ashes and the mingled bones, 
 
 And a warm mound of earth above them threw. 
 
 But from Latinus' city and proud courts 
 Comes the chief clamor and long wail of woe. »«s 
 
 Mothers, and mourning brides, and tender hearts 
 Of sorrowing sisters, and young children robbed 
 Of parents, execrate the direful war, 
 And Turnus' nuptials; and demand that he, 
 Turnus himself, shall with his sword decide »*» 
 
 The contest, since for himself alone he claims 
 The kingdom and the crown of Italy. 
 All this the bitter Drances aggravates, 
 And vows that Turnus is the only one 
 Summoned and challenged t<> the combat now; 
 While differing voices all declare tor him 
 Protected by the queen's o'erehadowing name, 
 And by his fame upheld, and trophies WOtU 
 
456 The Alneid. 
 
 Amid the tumult and commotion, come, 
 To add new griefs, the sad ambassadors 300 
 
 From Diomed's great city, who report 
 These answers : "That they had accomplished naught 
 By all their toil bestowed ; that neither gifts, 
 Nor gold, nor supplications could avail. 
 That other armed alliance must be asked i°s 
 
 By Latium ; or that from the Trojan prince 
 Must peace be sought." At this the king himself 
 Sinks down, o'erpowered by his weight of grief. 
 The anger of the gods, the new-raised mounds 
 Before him, show that by a power divine 31° 
 
 iEneas is borne on with fateful aim. 
 Therefore by his imperial decree 
 He summons his great council, and his peers, 
 Within the lofty courts. They flocking come, 
 And stream along the crowded avenues, 3>s 
 
 And fill the royal palace. In the midst, 
 Oldest in years and first in regal power, 
 With joyless brow Latinus takes his seat. 
 Here he commands the ambassadors, who late 
 From the ./Etolian city had returned, 3*0 
 
 Their message to deliver, and relate 
 In order due each answer they had brought. 
 
Book XL a$J 
 
 Then all in silence sat ; when Venulus, 
 Commanded, speaks: "We have seen, () citizens, 
 The Arrive camp, ami Diomed himself; 
 The dangers of our weary road o'erpassed, 
 
 We touched that hand by which Trov's kingdom fell. 
 
 We found the chief, victorious, building there, 
 
 On the Apulian plains, Argyripa, 
 
 His city, from his native Argos named. j3<> 
 
 Admitted, and permission given to speak, 
 
 We first present our gifts.; then tell our name 
 
 And country, and what foes made war on us; 
 
 And why to Arpi we had come. Then thus, 
 
 Our message heard, he courteously replied : — 33s 
 
 'O happv people, of Saturnian realms! 
 Ancient Ausonians! Say what fortune now 
 Disturbs your peace, provoking wars untried. 
 All those of us, who with the sword despoiled 
 The Ilian fields (I make no note of stn 3-^ 
 
 Endured in battle 'neath the walls of Trov, 
 Nor of the heroes in their Simois drowned ; 
 We all have borne unutterable woes 
 In every place, and of our crimes have paid 
 The penalties, — a band whom Priam even 3*5 
 
 Would pity. Let Minerva's baleful star 
 58 
 

 458 The Aineid. 
 
 Bear witness, and the rough Eubcean rocks, 
 
 And dire Caphereus. Ever since that war 
 
 Have we on various coasts been tossed and driven ; 
 
 Here Menelaus, Atreus' son, exiled is° 
 
 As far away as Proteus' columns ; there, 
 
 Ulysses the iEtnean Cyclops sees. 
 
 Why name the realms of Neoptolemus? 
 
 The home-gods of Idomeneus o'erthrown ? 
 
 The Locri dwelling on the Lybian shores ? 355 
 
 Mycenae's chief himself who led the Greeks, 
 
 Stabbed by the hand of his unnatural spouse, 
 
 Upon his palace threshold, — Asia's lord 
 
 By an adulterous enemy waylaid ? 
 
 Or need I tell how, envied by the gods, 360 
 
 I could not to my native land return, 
 
 And my beloved wife again behold, 
 
 And lovely Calydon ? Even now portents 
 
 Of aspect terrible pursue my steps; 
 
 My lost companions, into birds transformed, 36s 
 
 Have flown away into the fields of air, 
 
 Or wander by the streams (ah, for my friends 
 
 How hard a penalty !) and fill the rocks 
 
 With wailing voices. And indeed such fate 
 
 I might have well expected, since that time 370 
 
 
Book xl 459 
 
 When madly with my sword I dared to assail 
 
 Celestial beings, wounding Venus' hand. 
 
 Nay, verily, urge me not to wars like this. 
 
 Not with the Trojans have I any lend, 
 
 Now Troy is overthrown; nor do I think 
 
 With joy upon their former sufferings. 
 
 The gifts which from your land you bring to n. 
 
 Transfer to /Eneas. 'Gainst his bitter darts 
 
 We have stood, and hand to hand encountered him. 
 
 Trust one who has known how in his shield he totl 
 
 With what a mighty whirl he throws his lance. i 
 
 If two such men besides the Ida?an land 
 
 Had borne, the Dardan would have first advanced 
 
 Upon the Inachian towns, and Greece have mourned 
 
 Her fates reversed. Whatever obstacle |tj 
 
 Lav at Troy's stubborn walls, the Greeks' success 
 
 By Hector's and Eneas' hand was balked, 
 
 And to the tenth year of the siege delayed. 
 
 Both alike famed for courage and for arms, 
 
 This man is first in piety. In league 390 
 
 Join hands with him, by whatsoever means; 
 
 But of opposing him in arms, beware! ' 
 
 Such are the answers, gracious sire, we bring, 
 And such his counsel in this serious war." 
 
460 The Aineid. 
 
 Scarce had the legates spoken, when there ran 39s 
 
 Through the Ausonian crowd a noise confused 
 Of agitated voices ; as when rocks 
 Obstruct a rapid stream, the flood confined 
 Murmurs with fretting waves against the banks. 
 Soon as their troubled minds and lips are stilled, 400 
 
 From his high throne the king, first praying, speaks: — 
 
 " It had been better, and I well could wish, 
 O Latins, that ere now we had resolved 
 Concerning these our chief affairs of state ; 
 And not convene a council when the foe 4°s 
 
 Sits at our walls. An inauspicious war, 
 O citizens, we wage, against a race 
 Of gods, and men unconquered, unfatigued 
 By battles, and who never drop the sword, 
 Though routed ! Lay aside what hope ye had 410 
 
 In the ./Etolian arms. Each one must be 
 His own hope; but how small this is, ye know. 
 For all the rest of our affairs, ye see 
 And feel in what a ruin all is strewn. 
 No one do I accuse. What the best strength 4«s 
 
 Of valor could accomplish has been done. 
 With our whole kingdom's prowess we have fought. 
 Now then I will declare and briefly show 
 
Book XL 461 
 
 What thoughts arc in my doubting mind. Give heed 
 
 Hard by the Tuscan river is a tract 4*0 
 
 Of ancient land I own; that to the west 
 Extends beyond the old Sicanian hounds. 
 There the A u run cans and Rutuliana sow, 
 
 And with their ploughshares till the stubborn hills, 
 And pasture on their rugged slopes. Let this 4»s 
 
 And the high mountain's piny tract be given 
 In friendship to the Trojans. Equal terms 
 Of amity and peace let us declare, 
 Inviting them as allies to our realm. 
 
 There let them settle, and their cities build, 433 
 
 If such their wish. But if of other lands 
 They wish possession, and can leave our soil, 
 Then twice ten vessels of Italian oak, 
 Or more, if they can fill them, let us build. 
 The wood is lying all along the stream. 435 
 
 The number and the fashion o^f their ships 
 Let them determine. We to them will give- 
 Money, and men, and fitting naval Stores, 
 And let a hundred Latian men of birth 
 
 as ambassadors, and in their hands 
 Carrying the boughs of peace, and bearing gifts 
 Or gold and ivorv, and a chair of state, 
 
462 The Aineid. 
 
 And royal robe, the emblems of our sway. 
 Advise for all, and help our cause distressed.", - 
 
 Then that same Drances, filled with bitter stings 445 
 And envy all askant, at Turnus' fame, — 
 Large in his means, but larger yet in tongue; 
 Frigid in war, yet deemed no trifling weight 
 In counsel, and in strife of faction strong ; 
 Dowered on his mother's side with noble blood, 450 
 
 But of uncertain birth upon his sire's, — 
 He rises, and on Turnus heaps reproach, 
 And with his words thus aggravates his wrath: — 
 
 " Thou seekest counsel, gracious sovereign, 
 In matters which to none of us are dark, 455 
 
 Nor needing our voices. All must own 
 They know what best concerns the public good, 
 But hesitate to speak. Let him allow 
 That liberty of speech, and moderate 
 His windy boast, whose ill-starred influence 460 
 
 And conduct sinister (nay, let me speak, 
 Though he should threaten me with arms and death) 
 Have caused so many of our chiefs to fall, 
 That the whole city sits in grief; while he, 
 Tempting the Trojan camp, trusting to flight, 465 
 
 Defies the heavens with arms. One gift beside, 
 
Book XL 463 
 
 One more, O best of kings, add thou to tin 
 So largely to the Trojans sent. Nor thee 
 Let any violent hand intimidate; 
 
 Hut give thy daughter, as a father may, 470 
 
 To an illustrious son-in-law, and seal 
 
 A union not unworthy, and confirm 
 
 This peace by making a perpetual league. 
 
 But if such terror of this chief pervades 
 
 Our minds and hearts, then him let us beseech, 475 
 
 Him supplicate for grace, that to his king 
 
 And country he may yield this right or his. 
 
 Why, O thou head and cause of all these woes 
 
 To Latium, why so often dost thou thrust 
 
 Into open danger these our citizens? 4^ 
 
 For us there is no safety in this war. 
 
 We all, O Turnus, sue to thee for peace, 
 
 And for that sole inviolable pledge 
 
 Which peace demands. Behold, I come, the first; — 
 
 I, whom thou deem'st thy foe, — nor shall I stop 
 
 To say it is not so ; suppliant I beg 
 
 That thou wilt spare thy own. Lay by thy wrath, 
 
 And, routed, quit the field. We deaths enough 
 
 I Live seen, and desolation, and defeat 
 
 Upon our plains. But if the love of fame 
 
464 The Aineid. 
 
 So stirs thy soul, and such heroic strength, 
 
 And if a royal palace for a dower 
 
 Be so much in thy heart, then dare the foe 
 
 With a brave breast. It must be so, forsooth, 
 
 That Turnus with a royal spouse may wed. 495 
 
 We, abject souls, unburied and unwept, 
 
 Must strew the fields. And now if strength be thine, 
 
 If of thy country's Mars one spark be left, 
 
 Look in thy foe's face, who doth challenge thee ! " 
 
 Up flamed the rage of Turnus at these taunts, s°° 
 
 And, with a groan, broke from his breast these words : — 
 
 "Abundant flow of speech thou always hast, 
 Drances, whenever war for action calls. 
 Thou art our foremost, when the fathers meet 
 In council. But 't is not the season now 5=5 
 
 To fill the court with words that fly from thee 
 In such profusion, thou being safe at home, 
 Here, where our ramparts keep the foe at bay, 
 And while the trenches are not filled with blood. 
 So with thy eloquence still thunder on s»° 
 
 As thou art wont. Accuse me too of fear, 
 Drances, since thy right hand has slain such heaps 
 Of Trojans, and with trophies everywhere 
 
Book xl 465 
 
 Thou hast decked the fields, Thou to the proof canst 
 
 bring 
 That lively bravery of thine. Not far, $'$ 
 
 Forsooth, have we to seek, our enemies ; 
 
 They lie around our walls on every side. 
 Come, let us march against them ! What, so Blow : 
 Thy Mars, is 't in thy windy tongue alone, 
 Those feet so swift to fly, he shows himself? — 
 I routed! who shall justly say, base wretch, 
 That word of me, of one who soon shall see 
 The swelling Tiber heave with Trojan blood, 
 And see Evander's house, and all his race- 
 Stretched on the ground, and the Arcadians stripped s*s 
 Of all their arms ! Not thus did Bitias test 
 My strength, and bulky Pandarus, and those, 
 The thousands, whom I sent to Tartarus, 
 All in one dav, though shut within their walls. 
 No safety in war! Go, fool, and preach such things 53° 
 To the Dardan chief, and those who side with thee. 
 Then cease not to disturb all hearts with fears. 
 Extol the strength of a twice-conquered race, 
 And King Latinus* power depress. Yea, even 
 The Myrmidonian chiefs fear Phrygian arms! sis 
 
 Yea, Diomed and Achilles! Backward flies 
 59 
 
466 The <s£neid. 
 
 The Aufidus from the Adriatic Sea ! 
 
 While this dissembler feigns himself afraid 
 
 Of me, and of my menaces; and so 
 
 Inflames his accusations by this fear. 54° 
 
 Be not disturbed ; for such a life as thine 
 
 I scorn to take. Safe let it dwell with thee. 
 
 "And now to thee, and thy great counsels, sire, 
 
 Let me return. If in our arms no hope 
 
 Of further fortune thou dost entertain, — 54s 
 
 If we are so deserted, so undone 
 
 By one defeat, and no regression left, 
 
 Then let us stretch weak hands, and sue for peace. 
 
 Yet O, if in our souls there were a spark 
 
 Of our accustomed valor, he, methinks, 55° 
 
 Were happier than all others in his toils, 
 
 And great of soul, who, ere he saw such peace, 
 
 Fell once for all, and dying bit the ground. 
 
 But if we have resources, if still fresh 
 
 Our youthful warriors, and the Italian towns 555 
 
 And people still are left to give us aid ; 
 
 If with much blood the Trojans earn their fame; 
 
 If they too have their funeral obsequies, 
 
 Since upon all alike the storm has raged ; — 
 
Book XL .\ )J 
 
 Why then inglorious do we taint, as vet s«o 
 
 Scarce entered on the war? Whv tremble we 
 Before the trumpet sounds? The lapse of days, 
 
 The ever-changehil work of shifting time, 
 
 Have brought us better things. Fortune, who comes 
 
 To many with an alternating play, s 6 $ 
 
 Hath placed us on a firmer basis now. 
 
 It* from the T^tolian prince there comes no aid, 
 
 We have Messapus, and the auspicious seer 
 
 Tolumnius, and the chiefs so many tribes 
 
 Have sent. Nor small shall be the fame of those, 570 
 
 The chosen warriors from Laurentian fields. 
 
 Camilla also, of the Volscian race 
 
 Renowned, is ours, leading her cavalry on, 
 
 Her troops that shine in brazen mail. And yet, 
 
 If me alone the Trojans now demand 57s 
 
 For battle, and if such be your desire, 
 
 And I so much obstruct your common good, 
 
 Not hitherto has Victory shunned my hand 
 
 With such a hate, that I should now decline 
 
 Any adventurous task, for hope so high. s«° 
 
 Undaunted will I meet this chief, although 
 
 Like great Achilles he appear, arrayed 
 
 Like him in armor wrought by Vulcan's hands. 
 
468 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 To you, and to the king, my future sire, 
 
 I, Turnus, second to no veteran here 
 
 In valor, have devoted this my life. 
 
 Is 't me alone i^Eneas challenges ? 
 
 Be it so, I pray ! Nor let the angry gods 
 
 Decree that Drances suffer by his death 
 
 The penalty, or, if it be a chance 
 
 Of valor and of fame, win such renown." 
 
 585 
 
 
 590 
 
 While they discussing their perplexed affairs 
 
 Contended thus, .^Eneas, moving on 
 
 With camp and army, toward their city came, 
 
 When through the royal court a messenger 
 
 Bursts in, and fills the city with alarm : — 
 
 " That from the Tiber, ranged in battle line, 
 
 The Trojans and'the Tuscans on the plains 
 
 Were marching down." Then all at once dismay 
 
 And bristling anger heave the excited crowd. 
 
 The youths with hurrying haste call out for arms; 
 
 While, muttering sad and low, the fathers mourn. 
 
 Dissenting voices clamor all around ; 
 
 As flocks of birds, when in some lofty wood 
 
 They light, or by Padusa's fishy stream 
 
 Clatter hoarse swans about the echoing pools. 
 
 595 
 
 600 
 
 605 
 
Book XL 
 
 Then Turnus, seizing the occasion, speaks: — 
 "Ay, citizens, convene your council now, 
 And, sitting, sound your praise o\ peace, while they 
 In arms are hastening on upon our realms! " 610 
 
 No more he said, but from the lofty halls 
 He dashed away. "Thou, Volusus," he said, 
 "Command the Volscian and Rutulian hands. 
 Messapus, Coras, with thy brother joined, 
 Pour down your armed horsemen on the fields. 615 
 
 Let some secure the gateways of the town, 
 And let some man the towers. The rest, with me, 
 Attend, as I command." Then to the walls 
 They flock from all the town. The king himself 
 Forsakes the council, and his great designs 620 
 
 Defers, afflicted by the gloomy time. 
 Himself he accuses much, that with free choice 
 Trojan ,/Eneas had not been received 
 Within his city as his son-in-law. 
 
 Trenches are dug before the gates, and rocks 615 
 
 And palisades heaved up. The trumpet hoarse 
 Rings out its bloody signal for the war. 
 Matrons and boys cluster in different rings 
 Upon the walls. The last extremity 
 Calls upon every one. The queen herself 630 
 
470 The Aineid. 
 
 To Pallas' temple and high citadels 
 
 Is borne, attended by a matron train, 
 
 With offerings. At her side Lavinia stands, 
 
 Cause of these ills, her lovely eyes cast down. 
 
 The matrons follow, and fill the temple full 6 3S 
 
 Of censer fumes, and pour forth doleful prayers. 
 
 "Tritonian Virgin, strong in arms ! " they cry, 
 
 " Great arbitress of war, break with thy hand 
 
 This Phrygian robber's lance, and hurl him down 
 
 Prone on the ground beneath our lofty gates ! " 6 4 o 
 
 Armed for the battle, fired with martial zeal, 
 
 Turnus himself is there; upon his breast 
 
 A corslet of Rutulian garb he wears, 
 
 And rough with brazen scales; his thighs are cased 
 
 In gold ; his temples bare as yet ; his sword 645 
 
 Is girt upon his side. From the high tower, 
 
 Glittering in gold, he runs exulting down. 
 
 E'en now in thought he leaps upon his foe. 
 
 As when a steed has broken from the reins, 
 
 And, free at last, he leaves his stall behind, f>s° 
 
 Ranging the open field, and either seeks 
 
 The pastures and the herds of grazing mares, 
 
 Or the accustomed river, on he flies 
 
Book xi. 471 
 
 With crest erect, and loud and lusty neigh, 
 
 And on his neck and shoulders floats his mane. 6 5S 
 
 Him, face to face, Camilla, leading on 
 
 Her hand of Yolscian riders, meets. The queen 
 
 Leaps from her horse, beneath the very gates ; 
 
 And the whole cohort follows, from their .steeds 
 
 Dismounting; when she thus addresses him: — 660 
 
 "Turnus, if valor its own faith may trust, 
 
 I dare, and pledge myself, to meet alone 
 
 The Trojan troops and Tuscan cavalry. 
 
 Surfer me now to make the first essay 
 
 Of danger; while on foot thou stay'st behind, 665 
 
 To guard the city." At these words, the chief 
 
 Upon the terrible maiden fixed his eyes. 
 
 "O virgin, pride of Italy," he said, 
 
 "What thanks, what answer can I speak? But 
 
 now, 
 Since that brave soul of thine surmounts all fears, 670 
 
 This labor share with me. /Eneas now, 
 bo rumor speaks, and so our scouts report, 
 Has rashly sent before a band of horse, 
 Light-armed, to scour the plains; while he himself 
 Down from the lonely mountain steeps descends 
 
472 The Aineid. 
 
 Upon the city. I an ambuscade 
 
 Shall plan within a winding forest path, 
 
 And the two openings of the road invest 
 
 With armed men. Thou in close fight engage 
 
 The Tuscan cavalry. With thee shall stay 680 
 
 The brave Messapus, and the Latian troops, 
 
 And the Tiburtine band. The leader's charge 
 
 Take thou." He with a like address exhorts 
 
 Messapus and the leaders to their task ; 
 
 Then marches on to meet the enemy. 685 
 
 Within a valley lies a winding gorge, 
 
 For ambush and the stratagems of war 
 
 Well fitted. Upon either side slope down 
 
 Close screens of forest foliage dark and thick ; 
 
 A narrow path between, through steep defiles 690 
 
 That ope their wicked throats at either end. 
 
 Above, upon the heights, there lies a plain, 
 
 Hidden from view, with lurking-places safe, 
 
 Whither from right or left the attack be made, 
 
 Or threatening rocks be toppled from the cliffs. 695 
 
 The youthful warrior to this well-known spot 
 
 Repairs, and takes possession of the place, 
 
 And in the dangerous forest lies in wait. 
 
Book XL 47 ) 
 
 Meanwhile Diana in the upper realms 
 Addressed swift Opis, one of the virgin band 700 
 
 Of nymphs, companions in her sacred train. 
 " O virgin," she began in accents sad, 
 "Camilla to a cruel war is going, 
 And with our weapons arms herself, in vain; — 
 She, dear to me before all other maids. 705 
 
 Nor is it new, this love Diana bears 
 To her ; no sudden fondness moves her soul. 
 When from his kingdom Metabus was driven, 
 By hatred of his proud abuse of power, 
 And from Privernum's ancient city fled, 710 
 
 Escaping through the thickest of the battle, 
 He bore away with him his infant child, 
 Companion of his exile, calling her 
 Camilla, from his wife Casmilla's name. 
 He, in his bosom bearing her, pressed on 715 
 
 Toward the mountains and the lonely woods. 
 The Volscians all around him hovered close, 
 And pressed upon him with their cruel darts, 
 When, midway in his flight, the Amasene 
 Before him rolled, and overflowed its hanks, 
 Swollen with the rain. Preparing then to swim, 
 The love he bore his child restrained his Stcj 
 60 
 
474 Tke Alneid. 
 
 So great the fear his precious burden waked. 
 
 Every expedient in his thoughts he turned, 
 
 Till, sudden, this resolve with pain he formed. 7*5 
 
 A lance enormous in his powerful hand 
 
 The warrior bore, well seasoned, tough with knots ; 
 
 To this he binds his child, and swathes her round 
 
 With bark of forest cork, and deftly ties 
 
 The infant round the middle of his spear. 730 
 
 Then with his huge right hand he poises it, 
 
 And thus to heaven he prays : " Latonian maid, 
 
 Blest dweller in the woods, to thee this sire 
 
 Devotes his child, a handmaid vowed to thee. 
 
 Holding thy weapon, suppliant, thus she takes 73s 
 
 Through air her early flight, to shun the foe. 
 
 O goddess, I beseech, accept thine own, 
 
 To the uncertain winds committed now ! " 
 
 He said ; and drawing back his bended arm, 
 
 He hurled the lance. The billows sounded on. 740 
 
 Across the rapid river the poor child 
 
 Camilla flew upon the whizzing spear. 
 
 But Metabus, — for near and nearer yet 
 
 A mighty band was pressing on his steps, — 
 
 Plunged in the river, and victorious plucked 74s 
 
 His spear, and with it, Dian's gift, the maid, 
 
 
Book xi. .17 5 
 
 Out from the grassy turf. But him no house 
 
 Nor city walls received. Nor would lie have deigned 
 Such tare, so savage and untamed was he. 
 Amid the lonely mountains there, he led 750 
 
 A shepherd's life. There in the thickets rough 
 
 And dismal haunts of beasts, he reared his babe 
 
 With the wild milk of mares, and strained the U 
 
 Into her tender lips. Soon as the child 
 
 Had printed her first footsteps on the ground, 
 
 He placed the javelin in her little hands, 
 
 And from her shoulder hung a bow and arrows. 
 
 Instead of gold to bind her hair, and robes 
 
 \\ ith trailing folds, a tiger's skin was hung 
 
 Upon her back, depending from her head. 7* 
 
 Even then her tender hand hurled childish darts, 
 
 And whirled the smooth-thonged sling about her 
 
 head, 
 And a Strymonian crane or snowy swan 
 Struck down. And many a mother sought her hand 
 In marriage for her sons, in Tuscan towns. 765 
 
 But she, content with Dian alone, maintains 
 Her maiden purity, and ceaseless love 
 Of javelins and of spears. I would this war 
 Had not so hurried her away, to attack 
 
476 The Aineid. 
 
 The Trojan troops; for she is dear to me, 770 
 
 And one of my companions might have been. 
 
 But since the bitter fates have so decreed, 
 
 Go, nymph, glide down the air, and seek the shores 
 
 Of Latium, where with gloomy auspices 
 
 The battle now begins. These weapons take, 77s 
 
 And from the quiver draw the avenging shaft. 
 
 Whoe'er shall wound the consecrated maid, 
 
 Or Trojan or Italian, he by this 
 
 Shall pay to me the forfeit of his life. 
 
 Then her lamented body will I bear 780 
 
 Wrapped in a hollow cloud, and in a tomb 
 
 Lay her, with her unconquered arms, to rest 
 
 Within her native land." She said ; the nymph 
 
 Sped, sounding, through the yielding air ; a cloud 
 
 Of wind and darkness compassed her about. 78s 
 
 Meanwhile the Trojan troops, the Etruscan chiefs, 
 
 And all the cavalry, approach the walls, 
 
 In order ranged. The coursers leap and neigh 
 
 Along the field, and fight against the curb, 
 
 And wheel about. An iron field of spears 79° 
 
 Bristles afar, and lifted weapons blaze. 
 
 Upon the other side, the Latians swift, 
 
Book xi. .17 7 
 
 Messapus, Coras and his brother, Come; 
 Also Camilla's wing : in hostile ranks 
 
 They threaten with their lances backward drawn, ?->s 
 
 And shake their javelins. On the warriors pre , 
 And fierce and Mercer neigh the battle-steeds. 
 
 Advancing now within a javelin's throw, 
 
 Each army halted ; then with sudden shouts 
 
 They cheer and spur their fiery horses on. «oo 
 
 From all sides now the spears rly thick and fast, 
 
 As showers of sleet, and darken all the sky. 
 
 With all their strength, with lance opposed to lance, 
 
 Tyrrhenus and Aconteus forward rush, 
 
 And clash together with resounding shock, 80s 
 
 Steed against steed. Aconteus from his horse 
 
 Is hurled afar, like some swift thunderbolt, 
 
 Or as a ponderous weight by engine shot, 
 
 And yields his life in air. Confusion then 
 
 Seizes the Latian troops, who turn about, «'° 
 
 And throw their shields upon their backs, and fly, 
 
 Urging their horses to the city walls. 
 
 The Trojans follow, and Asilas leads. 
 
 And now they neared the gates; when with a shout 
 
 The Latians turn, and wheel their ductile ste 8.5 
 
478 The sEneid. 
 
 And charge in turn. The others give full rein 
 And fly. As when with an alternate tide 
 The rolling waves now rush upon the land, 
 And foaming, flood the rocks, and climb to touch 
 The farthest sands, now backward swiftly suck **> 
 
 The rolling stones, and ebbing leave the shore. 
 Twice the Rutulians to their walls are driven, 
 And twice they turn and face their foes repulsed. 
 But when in the third battle-shock they met, 
 Both armies intermingled, man to man ; 8*5 
 
 Then dying groans, corpses, and armor mixed, 
 Bodies of men, and horses half alive, 
 Rolling 'mid heaps of slain, and pools of blood, — 
 So fiercely raged the fight. Orsilochus 
 Against the steed of Remulus (he feared 83° 
 
 To brave the rider) hurled a spear that pierced 
 Below the ear, and clung. The furious steed, 
 Galled by the wound, rears high. His rider falls 
 And rolls upon the ground. Catillus fells 
 Iolas, and Herminius huge of limb, 835 
 
 And great in arms and courage ; — yellow locks 
 Graced his bare head ; his shoulders too were bare, 
 Exposed to wounds, — yet ever undismayed. 
 Bent down with pain, he writhes beneath the spear 
 
 
Book XL 
 
 •I7 ( > 
 
 Through his broad shoulders driven deep and fixed, *♦<> 
 
 The black blood flows around on every side; 
 
 And deadly strokes they deal, still fighting On, 
 
 And rushing through their wounds to glorioilfl death. 
 
 But through the thickest of the carnage borne, 
 
 The Amazon Camilla bounds along, 8 45 
 
 Armed with her quiver, and with one breast bare. 
 
 And now she showers her javelins thick and fast, 
 
 And now unwearied grasps her halberd strong. 
 
 Upon her shoulder rings her golden bow, 
 
 Diana's arms. Even if at any time 850 
 
 Repulsed, she yielded ground, she turns again, 
 
 And aims her flying arrows from her bow. 
 
 Around her rode the attendants of her choice, 
 
 Larina, Tulla, and, with brazen axe, 
 
 Tarpeia, virgins of Italian race, 8 55 
 
 All chosen bv the sacred maid herself; 
 
 Her trusty ministrants they were, alike 
 
 In peace and war; — like Thracian Amazon 9 
 
 Trampling the river-banks of Thermodon, 
 
 And righting with their motley-metalled arms, 
 
 Either around Hippolyte, or when 
 
 Penthesilea in her martial car 
 
480 The </£}ieid. 
 
 Returns from war, and with tumultuous yells 
 The female bands leap with their crescent shields. 
 
 Who first before thy weapon, and who last, 865 
 
 Dread maiden, fell, stretched dying on the ground ? 
 Eunaeus first, the son of Clytius, dies. 
 His breast unshielded, by her long fir spear 
 Is pierced; and from his mouth flow rills of blood; 
 And on his wound he writhes, and bites the ground. 870 
 Then Liris, and then Pagasus : the one 
 Grasping his reins, as from his wounded horse 
 He falls; the other reaching helpless arms 
 To stay him falling. Both at once are slain. 
 Amastrus next, the son of Hippotas, 87s 
 
 Is added to her victims. Pressing on, 
 She Tereas and Harpalycus pursues, 
 Demophoon and Chromis. Every shaft 
 Hurled from her hand brings down some Phrygian slain. 
 The hunter Ornytus in armor strange 880 
 
 Is seen afar on an Apulian steed, 
 Upon his shoulders broad a bullock's hide, 
 Upon his head a wolf's wide yawning jaws 
 And white teeth, in his hand a rustic lance. 
 Amid his troops he moves about, and towers ss 5 
 
 Above them all. Him meeting (no hard task, 
 
Book xl 481 
 
 1 1 is band being routed), with her darts she pierced; 
 
 And thus addressed with stern and hostile mien : — 
 
 "And didst thou, Tuscan, think that in the woods 
 Thou here wast hunting beasts? The day has come 890 
 
 That by a woman's arm refutes thy boast. 
 Vet to the Manes of thy fathers this, 
 No trifling honor, shalt thou bear away, 
 That by Camilla's weapon thou didst fall." 
 
 Orsilochus and Butes next she slew, 895 
 
 Two huge-limbed Trojans. Butes lace to face 
 Upon his horse she pierces with her spear, 
 Where between helm and corselet gleamed his neck, 
 Above the buckler that his left arm held. 
 Around Orsilochus she wheels in flight 900 
 
 Delusive, then in narrower circle turns, 
 Pursuing the pursuer. Rising then, 
 With her strong battle-axe she cleaves him through, 
 With strokes redoubled, while he begs for life ; 
 And from the wound the brains besmear his face. 9°S 
 
 The son of Aunus of the Appenines 
 Next meets her, and stops short with sudden tear. 
 Of race Ligurian not the last was he, 
 W bile fate permitted crafty stratagem. 
 He, when he sees that he cannot evade 9* 
 
 61 
 
482 The Aineid. 
 
 By flight the conflict, nor avoid the queen 
 
 Close pressing on him, thus resorts to guile : — 
 
 " What wondrous courage does a woman show, 
 
 When mounted on a faithful battle-steed ! 
 
 Put by thy means of flight, and hand to hand 9*5 
 
 Meet me on equal ground, and fight afoot. 
 
 Soon shalt thou know whose windy boasting first 
 
 Shall bring its punishment.'* He said : but she, 
 
 Burning with rage, delivers to a mate 
 
 Her steed, confronting him with equal arms, 9*° 
 
 Undaunted, and on foot, with naked sword, 
 
 And with unblazoned buckler. But the youth, 
 
 Thinking to conquer by a stratagem, 
 
 Turns his fleet steed and flies, with iron heel 
 
 Goading his sides, and swiftly borne away. 9*5 
 
 "Ah, false Ligurian ! " said the maid; "in vain, 
 
 Elated with thy pride, in vain thou try'st 
 
 Thy country's slippery wiles; nor shall thy tricks 
 
 To guileful Aunus take thee safely back." 
 
 Then all afire, with swiftly flying feet, 930 
 
 His horse she soon outstrips, and, face to face, 
 
 Seizing his reins, assails, and strikes him down. 
 
 Not with more ease, that consecrated bird, 
 
 The falcon, from a lofty rock, pursues 
 
 
Book xi, 483 
 
 And overtakes a dove amid the clouds, vis 
 
 And clutches him, and tears with crooked claws. 
 And blood and feathers torn drop from the .skv. 
 
 But not with unobserving eves these things 
 
 The sire of gods and men on high beheld. 
 
 The Tuscan Tarchon he enrlames with wrath, 940 
 
 And to the cruel battle goads him on. 
 
 So, 'mid the carnage, and the falling ranks 
 
 Tarchon is borne along upon his steed, 
 
 And animates the army's flagging wings, 
 
 With varying words appealing to each man 945 
 
 By name, and rallying all their baffled strength. 
 
 " O Tuscans, whom no wrongs can spur to rage ! 
 
 O tame and spiritless! What fear is this? 
 
 What cowardice ? And does a woman drive 
 
 Your straggling ranks, and put them thus to flight ? 95° 
 
 Why do we bear these swords and spears in vain ? 
 
 Not thus to Venus and her nightly wars 
 
 Are ye so slow ; nor when the bended pipes 
 
 Or Bacchus call the choirs to sumptuous feasts 
 
 And brimming bowls, — your joy, your high desire. 95s 
 
 While your sleek augur bids you to the rites, 
 
 And the fat victim calls to lofty groves." 
 
484 The Alneid. 
 
 So saying, he spurs his steed into the midst, 
 Resolved to encounter death. On Venulus 
 He charges in fierce onset ; from his horse 960 
 
 He grasps and tears his foe, and bears him off 
 Before him. Then a mighty shout is raised. 
 The Latins turn their eyes. But Tarchon fierce 
 Flies on, and bears the warrior and his arms. 
 Then from his lance he breaks the sharp steel head, 965 
 And searches for the parts exposed, to deal 
 A mortal wound. His struggling foe essays 
 To pluck away his right hand from his throat, 
 Opposing force to force. As when on high 
 A tawny eagle bears a serpent off, 970 
 
 And clings to it with griping claws, the snake, 
 Wounded and writhing, twists its sinuous rings, 
 And rears its bristling scales and hissing mouth ; 
 But none the less the bird with crooked beak 
 Strikes at the struggling reptile, and the air 975 
 
 Beats with her wings. So from the hostile ranks 
 Tarchon exulting bears away his prey. 
 Following his lead the Etruscans all rush on. 
 
 Then round the swift Camilla Aruns rides, 
 Destined to death, his javelin in his hand ; ^ 
 
 With cautious skill he watches for his chance. 
 
Book A7. 
 
 Where'er the maiden drives her furious course 
 
 Amid the troops, he follows silently, 
 
 Watching her steps. \\ here with victorious speed 
 
 She from the enemy returns, that way 985 
 
 lie turns his reins unseen, and wheels about; 
 
 Tries all approaches, traverses her path 
 
 Through all its rounds, and shakes his threatening spear. 
 
 By chance appeared upon the held, far off, 
 Chloreus, who once was priest of Cybele. 99° 
 
 Distinguished in his Phrygian arms he shone, 
 And rode upon a foaming courser, decked 
 With cloth o'erspread with plumy scales of brass, 
 And clasped with gold, while he in rich attire 
 Of foreign purple, from his Lycian bow 995 
 
 Shot his Gortynian shafts. Upon his back. 
 A golden quiver rattled ; and of gold 
 His helmet was. He wore a saffron scarf; 
 The rustling linen folds were 'broidered o'er, 
 And gathered in a yellow golden knot ; 1 
 
 And in barbaric sheaths his thighs were eased. 
 
 Him singling out, the huntress blindly chased ; 
 Whether she wished to affix the Trojan arms 
 Upon the temple gates, or show herself 
 In captive gold, she, rashly, through the ranks 1 
 
486 The Alneid. 
 
 Pursues, smit with a woman's love of spoils. 
 
 Watching his time, Aruns his javelin takes, 
 
 And thus to heaven he prays : " Apollo, thou, 
 
 Soracte's guardian, greatest of the gods 
 
 We worship! Thou for whom the pine-wood fire i°io 
 
 Is fed, and we thy pious votaries walk 
 
 O'er heaps of burning coals, — grant, mightiest sire, 
 
 That from our arms this stain we may erase. 
 
 Not spoils, nor trophies from a vanquished maid, 
 
 Nor booty do I seek. My other deeds 1015 
 
 Will bring me praise. If by my hand struck down, 
 
 This direful pest shall fall, then willingly 
 
 Will I return inglorious to my home." 
 
 Apollo heard, and in his mind decreed 
 That half his suppliant's prayer should be fulfilled, 1020 
 And half dispersed in air. That he should slay 
 Camilla, as she hurried heedless by, 
 He granted. But that he should see again 
 His native land, this part the god refused ; 
 And in the stormy winds the prayer was lost. '025 
 
 Then, as the whizzing javelin cleaved the air, 
 The Volscians turned their eyes upon their queen. 
 But she no whizzing sound of javelin heard 
 Along the air, nor heeded aught, until 
 
 
Book XL 
 
 Beneath her naked breast the weapon pierced, iqjo 
 
 And clung, deep driven, and drank her virgin blood, 
 
 In trembling haste the attendants in her train 
 
 Rush forward, and sustain their tailing queen. 
 
 But Aruns, smit with mingled joy and fear, 
 
 Flies, nor will further trust his spear, nor dare ioj$ 
 
 To brave the virgin's darts. And as a wolf, 
 
 Who, having slain a shepherd or a steer, 
 
 Before pursuit begins, in conscious guilt 
 
 Flies to the mountains by some secret path, 
 
 And with his coward tail beneath him, hides 1040 
 
 Trembling amid the woods ; so Aruns flies, 
 
 Disturbed, and yet well pleased at his escape, 
 
 And mingles with the troops. She, dying, strives 
 
 To pluck the weapon from her wound ; but deep 
 
 Between her ribs the pointed steel is fixed. 
 
 Bloodless and pale she sinks; her heavy eyes 
 
 Are closed ; the rosy flush has left her face. 
 
 Then thus, expiring, she to Acca speaks, 
 
 One of her equals, who before all others 
 
 Was true to her, and one with whom her cares 1 
 
 Were all divided : " Acca, sister dear, 
 
 Thus far I have striven; — but this bitter wound 
 
 Has ended all; — around me all grows dark. 
 
488 The Aineid. 
 
 Haste, bear to Turnus these my last commands. 
 
 Let him advance, and from the city drive 1055 
 
 The Trojans ; now, farewell ! " With that she loosed 
 
 Her grasp upon her reins, and sinking, fell. 
 
 From her cold limbs and languid neck, the life 
 
 With gradual ebb, departs ; her drooping head 
 
 Is bowed in death ; the weapon leaves her hand ; »o6o 
 
 And with a groan the indignant spirit fled 
 
 Into the shades below. Then a great cry 
 
 Ascends, that strikes against the golden stars. 
 
 The combat deepens with Camilla's death. 
 
 And the whole Trojan force, the Tuscan chiefs, 1065 
 
 And all the Arcadian troops come rushing on. 
 
 But Opis, Dian's guardian nymph, had sat 
 
 Long on the mountains, and had watched afar 
 
 The battle, undismayed. Soon as she saw, 
 
 Amid the clamor of the furious bands, 1070 
 
 Camilla stricken down by bitter death, 
 
 She groaned ; and from her breast escaped these words : — 
 
 "Ah, too, too cruel punishment, dear maid, 
 
 Thou hast borne, for warring 'gainst the Trojan hosts ! 
 
 Nor does it profit thee, that lonely life »°75 
 
 Amid the woods, to Dian's service given; 
 
Book A7. 489 
 
 Nor on thy shoulder to have worn our shafts. 
 
 Yet not inglorious in thy hour extreme 
 
 Thy queen hath left thee; nor shall this thy death 
 
 Among the nations be without a name. 
 
 Nor the disgrace of dying unavenged 
 
 Shalt thou endure. For whosoever dealt 
 
 Thy death-wound, he shall suffer death deserved." 
 
 Beneath the mountain stood a spacious tomb 
 Oi mounded earth, where King Dercennus lay, 1085 
 
 One of Laurentum's ancient sovereigns. 
 A shady ilex covered it. Here first 
 The fair nymph from a rapid Might alights, 
 And watches Aruns from the lofty mound. 
 Soon as she saw him, swollen with pride and joy, — 1090 
 " Why stray so far away ? Here bend thy steps," 
 She cried, " thou doomed one, that thou may'st receive 
 Camilla's due reward. Shalt thou too die 
 By Dian's shafts?" Then from her golden quiver 
 The Thracian nymph a winged arrow took, 
 And, angry, drew it to its fullest length, 
 And bent her bow until the curved tips met ; 
 Her left hand touched the arrow's point ; her right 
 Grasping the string drawn back upon her breast. 
 At the same instant Aruns hears the sound, 
 62 
 
490 The Aineid. 
 
 And feels the steel deep buried in his heart. 
 Him, in his dying groans, his comrades leave, 
 Regardless, in the dust of fields unknown, 
 While Opis to the Olympian sky is borne. 
 
 Their leader lost, Camilla's light-armed troop no S 
 
 First flies ; in wild disorder next the Rutuli, 
 
 And bold Atinas. Routed chiefs and bands 
 
 All turn their horses toward the city's walls. 
 
 All power is unavailing to resist 
 
 The Trojans pressing on, and dealing death. mo 
 
 Their languid backs bear off their bows unbent. 
 
 Their galloping hoof-beats shake the crumbling ground. 
 
 Toward the walls black clouds of dust are rolled. 
 
 The matrons on the watch-towers beat their breasts ; 
 
 The cries of women to the heavens ascend. ms 
 
 Those who are first to pour through opened gates, 
 
 Are pressed behind by mingling hostile troops. 
 
 With no escape from miserable death ; 
 
 But on their very threshold, 'neath their walls, 
 
 And sheltering roofs, are pierced, and breathe their last. 
 
 Some shut their doors, nor dare e'en to their friends im 
 
 To ope a passage, and receive them in, 
 
 Imploring. And a slaughter dire ensues 
 
Book 
 
 XL 
 
 491 
 
 At every entrance where defenders stand 
 
 Against the assailing foe. Some are shut out, 
 
 Full in their wretched parents' Bight, and roll 
 
 Plunged in the trenches, with death close behind. 
 
 Some wildly dash and batter against the gates 
 
 And barricaded doors. Even matrons too, 
 
 Fired by the love they bore their land and homes, 
 
 Rush to the conflict, as Camilla did ; 
 
 And hurrying, from the ramparts throw their darts. 
 
 Or, imitating arms of steel, they fight 
 
 \\ ith stakes of hardened wood and pointed poles, 
 
 Eager to die the first before the walls. 1135 
 
 "Meanwhile to Turnus, ambushed in the woods, 
 
 Acca has brought the news of dire defeat 
 
 And wild disorder : that the Volscian troops 
 
 Are routed and destroyed ; Camilla fallen ; 
 
 The enemy, pressing on with furious charge, 1140 
 
 Have won the day. Fear seizes on the town. 
 
 He, furious (such the stern decrees of Jove), 
 
 Deserts his ambuscade and forests rough. 
 
 Scarce had he issued on the open fields, 
 
 W hen, having crossed the ridge, yEneas treads 
 
 The plains, and passes through the gloomy wood. 
 
49 2 The Aineid. 
 
 So, both at rapid pace, with all their force 
 
 Move onward to the walls; nor far apart 
 
 They march. Far off iEneas saw the plains 
 
 Smoking with dust, and sees the Latian troops "50 
 
 Across the plains. And Turnus also knew 
 
 ./Eneas, in his formidable arms, 
 
 And heard the trampling feet and snorting steeds. 
 
 Then would they twain in battle have engaged, 
 
 Had not the red Sun in the western waves 1155 
 
 His weary coursers plunged, and day declined 
 
 In night. Within their camps before the town 
 
 They rest, with trench and rampart girded round. 
 
BOOK XII. 
 
 A S soon as Turnus sees the Latin hosts, 
 Broken by unsuccessful war, lose heart ; 
 That now fulfilment of his promise made 
 Is claimed, and he marked out by every eye, 
 W ith towering soul implacable he burns; 
 As when a lion in the Lybian fields 
 Sore wounded, by the hunters, in the breast, 
 Prepares at last for battle, and delights 
 To -hake the muscles of his shaggy neck; 
 Fearless, he snaps the invader's clinging shaft, 
 And roars with bloody jaws. So Turnus' wrath 
 More fiercely glows. Then with tumultuous w« 
 Thus to the king he speaks : " No obstacle 
 Shall Turnus prove; — there is no reason why 
 These dastard Trojans should retract their word 
 Of challenge, or decline their compact made. 
 I take the field! Command the sacred ri 
 O Sire, and seal the bond. Either my hand 
 
494 The sEneid. 
 
 Shall send to Tartarus this Dardan foe, 
 
 Asia's deserter (let the Latians sit, ao 
 
 And see), and with the sword will I refute 
 
 The common charge, or let him rule o'er us 
 
 Vanquished, and take Lavinia for his wife." 
 
 Then tranquilly Latinus answered him : — 
 
 " O youth of valiant soul, the more thou show'st *s 
 
 Such fierce and overtopping hardihood, 
 
 The more 't is just that I with anxious thought 
 
 Thy safety should consult, and weigh with care 
 
 All risks. Thy father Daunus' realms are thine ; 
 
 Thine many a city captured by thy hands. 3° 
 
 My wealth and favor too would go with thee. 
 
 Other unwedded maids in Latian lands 
 
 There are, nor of ignoble birth are they. 
 
 Suffer me to impart without disguise 
 
 These things, not pleasant to be said; and hear 35 
 
 With an attentive mind. It was decreed 
 
 That to no former suitors I should wed 
 
 My daughter ; this all gods and men announced. 
 
 But overpowered by my love for thee, 
 
 And by thy kindred blood, and by the tears 40 
 
 Of my afflicted wife, I broke all bonds, 
 
 
Book xii 495 
 
 Snatched from a son-in-law his promised bride, 
 
 And took up impious arms. Thou seest what u 
 
 O Turnus, what disasters since that time 
 
 Pursue me; and what sufferings thou in chief 45 
 
 Endurest. Vanquished twice in conflict dire, 
 
 Scarce can we hold our hopes of Italy 
 
 Within the city. With our blood the waves 
 
 Of Tiber still rlow warm. The spreading fields 
 
 Are whitened with our bones. Why thus so oft 50 
 
 Should I be driven from my purpose ? Why 
 
 Such mad infatuation change my mind? 
 
 If, Turnus slain, I am ready to invite 
 
 The Trojans as my allies, then why not 
 
 End these dissensions rather, he still safe ? 55 
 
 What will my kinsmen the Rutulians say, 
 
 And what the rest of Italy, if thee, 
 
 Wooing my daughter, I betray to death ? 
 
 (May Fortune countervail my words of fear!) 
 
 Regard the various chances of the war. 6o 
 
 Pity thy aged sire, whom mourning now, 
 
 His native Ardea far from thee divides." 
 
 Hut not at all is Turnus' violence moved 
 By words. He rather towers in greater wrath ; 
 The medicine but aggravates the pain. 6 s 
 
496 The ^Eneid. 
 
 As soon as he could speak, he thus began : — 
 
 " Whatever care thou entertain'st for me, 
 
 Most worthy king, lay it aside, I pray, 
 
 And suffer me to purchase praise with death. 
 
 We too, O Sire, can with no feeble hand ?° 
 
 Scatter our spears and darts. The blood will flow 
 
 From wounds we deal. No goddess-mother there 
 
 Will help, in female semblance of a cloud 
 
 Screening the fugitive in empty shades." 
 
 But filled with terror at this new design 75 
 
 Of battle, weeping, and forecasting death, 
 
 The queen held fast her ardent son-in-law. 
 
 " Ah, by these tears, by whatsoe'er regard 
 
 Thou for Amata hast, thou, Turnus, now, 
 
 Art the sole hope and solace that remains 80 
 
 Unto my sad old age. On thee depends 
 
 Latinus' power and glory ; upon thee 
 
 Our house declining rests. One thing I beg; — 
 
 Refrain from battle with the Trojan power. 
 
 Whate'er calamity to thee may come, ss 
 
 Amid this combat, Turnus, comes to me. 
 
 With thee will I this hated life resign, 
 
 Nor, captive, will I see iEneas made 
 
Book XII. 
 
 My son-in-law." Lavinia, her hot cheeks 
 
 Suffused with tears, lists to her mother's voice. 90 
 
 A deep blush burns and courses through her face ; 
 
 As if one stained the Indian ivory 
 
 With sanguine crimson, or as lilies white 
 
 In beds of roses glowing; such the hues 
 
 That overspread the virgin's face. But he, 9s 
 
 Fired with tumultuous love, upon the maid 
 
 Fixes his looks, and burns the more for arms. 
 
 Then briefly to Amata thus he speaks: — 
 
 " Nay, not with tears, O mother, not, I beg, 
 
 With such an omen follow me, as now 100 
 
 Forth to the strife of bitter war I go. 
 
 For Turnus has no power to stay his death. 
 
 Idmon, my herald, to the Phrygian king 
 
 These words of mine, no pleasing message, bear. 
 
 When, borne upon her glowing car, the Morn 1 1 
 
 Reddens to-morrow's sky, let him not lead 
 
 The Trojans on against the Rutuli. 
 
 Let Trojans and Rutulians rest from arms. 
 
 By our own blood we '11 end the war, and there 
 
 Upon that field Lavinia shall be won." no 
 
 This said, into the palace he withdraws 
 03 
 
49 8 The Aineid. 
 
 With rapid steps, and for his horses calls, 
 
 Which Orithyia to Pilumnus gave. 
 
 Proudly he sees them neigh before his face; 
 
 Whiter than snow, fleeter than wind they were. nj 
 
 The busy grooms surround them ; with their hands 
 
 They pat their chests, and comb their waving manes. 
 
 Then he his mail about his shoulders girds, 
 
 Scaly with gold and orichalcum pale ; 
 
 And fits for use his buckler and his sword, 120 
 
 And ruddy crest ; that sword the god of fire 
 
 Had wrought for his father Daunus, and had plunged 
 
 The glowing metal in the Stygian wave. 
 
 Then his tough spear he grasps, that leaned against 
 
 A mighty column in the middle court, . 125 
 
 Auruncan Actor's spoil, and brandishing 
 
 The quivering steel, exclaims : " Now, now, my spear, 
 
 That never yet did fail to obey my call, 
 
 The hour is now at hand. Great Actor once, 
 
 Now Turnus' right hand wields thee. Grant that I 130 
 
 With this strong hand may fell him to the earth, 
 
 Tear the effeminate Phrygian's corselet off, 
 
 And soil with dust his locks with hot iron crisped, 
 
 And moist with myrrh ! " Such fury drives him on ; 
 
 Sparks flashing from his glowing face, and fire ns 
 
Book xn. 4 1 
 
 Fierce gleaming from his eyes. As when .1 bull, 
 
 Bellowing with dreadful voice, prepares to fight, 
 
 And whets his wrath in goring 'gainst a tree, 
 
 With angry horns; in prelude to the fray 
 
 He butts the winds, and tosses up the sand. 140 
 
 x 
 
 Meanwhile i^neas, formidably clad 
 
 In the arms his mother gave, his martial fire 
 
 And zeal awakes, rejoicing that the war 
 
 Should now be ended on the proffered terms. 
 
 Then he consoles his friends, and calms the fears 145 
 
 Of sad lulus, and explains the fates. 
 
 Decided answers to Latinus then 
 
 He bids them bear, and terms of peace prescribes. 
 
 Scarce had the Morning tinged the mountain-tops, 
 
 When from the Sea the horses of the Sun «s° 
 
 With lifted nostrils breathing light, arose. 
 
 Beneath the city-walls the Rutuli 
 
 And Trojans, measuring out the field, prepared 
 
 The ground for combat. To their common gods 
 
 Their fires and turfy altars in the midst * ss 
 
 They built; while some, in sacrificial robes, 
 
 And crowned with vervain, water bring, and fire. 
 
e 
 
 500 The Aineid. 
 
 Forth come the Ausonian bands in armed array, 
 
 All crowding through the gates. On the other side 
 
 The Trojan and the Tuscan armies come 160 
 
 With various arms, and marshalled all in steel, 
 
 As though the battle grim had called them forth. 
 
 Their leaders too, in gold and crimson proud, 
 
 Go coursing o'er the field. Mnestheus is there, 
 
 Sprung from Assaracus, Asilas brave, 165 
 
 Messapus, the steed-tamer, Neptune's son. 
 
 And, at a signal given, each to his place 
 
 Withdraws; they fix their spears into the ground, 
 
 And rest their shields. Then pour, with eager haste, 
 
 The matrons, and the common crowd, unarmed, 170 
 
 And the old men with feeble limbs, and rill 
 
 The towers and roofs, and throng the lofty gates. 
 
 But Juno, from the summit of the mount 
 
 Which now is called the Alban, but which then 
 
 Nor name nor fame nor honor had, looked forth, 17s 
 
 And viewed the plain beneath ; and saw both hosts, 
 
 The Trojan and Laurentian, and the town 
 
 Of King Latinus. Turnus' sister then 
 
 She thus addressed, a goddess who presides 
 
 O'er pools and murmuring streams; this honor Jove >so 
 
Book xn. 501 
 
 To her, for violated maidenhood, 
 
 Had given: "O nymph, the glory o\ the ttreaan , 
 
 Most dear unto my soul, thou know'st that thee 
 
 Before all Latian maids who shared the couch 
 
 Ungrateful or great Jove, I have preferred ; i«s 
 
 And freely gave thee a portion in the heavens. 
 
 Learn now thy grief, Juturna, lest thou shotlldst 
 
 Accuse me. As far as fortune and the fates 
 
 Allowed for Latium's weal, thy city's walls 
 
 And Turnus I protected. Now I see 
 
 The youth contending with unequal fates. 
 
 The day and hostile power of destiny 
 
 Draw near. I cannot with these eyes behold 
 
 The combat or the league. Thou, if thou dar'st 
 
 Do aught more promptly for thy brother's aid, «9S 
 
 Do it, for it becomes thee. A better lot, 
 
 Perchance, will yet attend this hapless race." 
 
 Scarce had she spoken, when Juturna's eyes 
 O'errlowed with tears. Thrice and four times she 
 
 beat 
 Her lovely breast. "No time is this for tears," 
 Saturnian Juno said; "Haste! snatch from death 
 Thy brother, if for thee there be a way ; 
 Or stir the war anew, and break the league 
 
502 The Alneid. 
 
 Begun. I authorize the daring deed." 
 
 She, having thus exhorted, left the maid »o S 
 
 Perplexed and tortured in her inmost soul. 
 
 Meanwhile the kings go forth. Latinus comes, 
 
 In form majestic, by four horses drawn. 
 
 Twelve golden rays his shining temples crown, 
 
 The emblem of his ancestor, the Sun. 210 
 
 Turnus is borne by two white steeds, and holds 
 
 And brandishes two spears of broad-tipped steel. 
 
 Father iEneas, upon the other side, 
 
 Source of the Roman race, advancing moves, 
 
 Blazing with starry shield and arms divine ; ^5 
 
 Rome's other hope, Ascanius, at his side. 
 
 The priest, in raiment pure, then led along 
 
 The tender youngling of a bristly sow, 
 
 And a young sheep unshorn. The victims then 
 
 Are brought before the blazing altar-fires. **> 
 
 They to the rising sun then turn their eyes, 
 
 Sprinkle the sacrificial meal, and mark 
 
 The victims' foreheads with the sword, and pour 
 
 Libations on the altars from their bowls. 
 
 Then pious /Eneas, with his sword unsheathed, "s 
 
 Thus prays : " Be witness now unto my vows, 
 
Book xii, 503 
 
 O Sun, and thou, O Land, for whom I have borne 
 
 So many toils; — and thou, Almighty Sire, 
 
 And thy Saturnian spouse, more clement now, 
 
 O goddess, I beseech; — thou too, great Mara, »jo 
 
 Father, who turn'st all wars by thy decree; — 
 
 And you, ye Founts and Rivers I invoke ; — 
 
 All Powers worshipped in the depths of air, 
 
 And all whose dwelling is the azure sea. 
 
 If victory to Ausonian Turnus falls, *3S 
 
 Then to Evander's city, 't is agreed, 
 
 We vanquished shall retire; lulus leaves 
 
 These fields ; nor shall the sons of Troy thenceforth 
 
 Renew the war, nor stir the lands to strife. 
 
 But if for us the victory should decide, m° 
 
 As I believe it will, — and may the gods 
 
 Confirm the hope, — not then shall I command 
 
 The Italians to obey the Trojan rule; 
 
 Nor do I aim at empire for myself: 
 
 On equal terms let both the nations then, ms 
 
 Unconquered, join and make eternal league. 
 
 Their gods and sacred rites I will decree ; 
 
 And let the father of my bride retain 
 
 His wonted kingdom and control of arm\ 
 
 For me, my Trojans shall build up my walls 
 
fo4 The Aineid. 
 
 And call the city by Lavinia's name." 
 
 Thus spoke ./Eneas; then Latinus raised 
 
 His eyes to heaven, and lifted his right hand : — 
 
 " By those same Powers, ./Eneas, by the Earth, 
 
 And by the Seas, and by the Stars, I swear, *j$ 
 
 Latona's twins, and Janus, double-faced, 
 
 The Infernal gods, and pitiless Pluto's shrines ; 
 
 Let the great Father hear, whose thunderbolts 
 
 Confirm our leagues ; these altars here I touch, 
 
 And call their fires to witness, and the gods : *&> 
 
 No day shall ever violate this peace, 
 
 Or break this league, upon Italia's side, 
 
 Whate'er befalls ; nor any power shall bend 
 
 My will, though it should drown the earth with waves, 
 
 And melt the heavens in fires of Tartarus. 165 
 
 Even as this sceptre (as he spoke he held 
 
 A sceptre in his hand) shall never bud 
 
 With twigs and leaves and shadowy boughs again, 
 
 Since, severed from its trunk amid the woods, 
 
 It missed its mother stem, and laid aside 170 
 
 Its foliage and its branches 'neath the axe, 
 
 Of old a tree, now by the artists' hand 
 
 Cased in bright brass, to serve the Latin kings." 
 
Book Ml. 
 
 Thus they with mutual vowi confirmed their league, 
 In sight of all the chiefs. Then La due form 
 
 They slay the sacred victims o'er the flam 
 And tear their entrails out, while still alive; 
 And heap the altars with their loaded plates. 
 
 But long this combat to the Rutuli 
 
 Had seemed unequal, and their minds were tossed »s<> 
 
 With various fears, the more when they perceive 
 More nearly how ill-matched in strength it stood. 
 Their fears increased, when with a silent step, 
 Turnus advanced with downcast, suppliant looks, 
 And reverently before the altars bowed, *ss 
 
 With haggard cheeks, and youthful frame all pale. 
 Then, when Juturna saw such signs caught up 
 And spread, and saw the wavering spirits sink 
 Amid the crowd, she took Camertus' form 
 (He was of noble race and ancestors, ■!■ 
 
 And from his father's valor had derived 
 A name of note, himself renowned in arm 
 And in the midst of all the armed troops, 
 Not ignorant of expedients, she appears, 
 And various rumors spreads. Then thus she -peaks: — 
 " O ye Rutulians, are ye not ashamed 
 64 
 
506 The Aineid. 
 
 To expose one life for all of equal worth ? 
 
 Are we not matched in numbers and in strength ? 
 
 Lo ! Trojans and Arcadians, all are here ; 
 
 Etruria too arrays her fated bands 30° 
 
 Against our Turnus; yet we scarce should find 
 
 A foe, though but each second man should fight. 
 
 Our chief shall be exalted to the gods, 
 
 Before whose altars he devotes his soul; 
 
 And in the mouths of men his fame shall live. 3°5 
 
 But we, who now sit idle on these fields, 
 
 Our country lost, must yield to our haughty lords." 
 
 By words like these the warriors were inflamed 
 
 Yet more and more; a murmur through the ranks 
 
 Went creeping : the Laurentian troops themselves, 3'° 
 
 And those same Latians who but lately hoped 
 
 Respite from war, and safety to the state, 
 
 Now turn to arms, and wish the league unmade, 
 
 And pity the hard lot on Turnus fallen. 
 
 To these a stronger spur Juturna adds, 3*5 
 
 And from the upper sky she gives a sign, 
 
 Than which no miracle more closely pressed 
 
 Disturbance on their minds, or so deceived. 
 
 For now they saw the tawny bird of Jove 
 
Book xn. 507 
 
 Chasing across the ruddy sky I Hock 
 
 Of clamoring water-fowl ; then suddenly 
 
 Sweep to the waves, ami in his cruel claws 
 
 Hear off a goodly swan. The Italians gaze 
 
 With minds intent; when, wonderful to see, 
 
 The birds all wheel about with noisy cries, 1*3 
 
 Darkening the air, a cloud of flying wings, 
 
 And chase their foe, till, conquered by their Strength 
 
 And weight, the eagle in the river drops 
 
 His prey, and disappears amid the clouds. 
 
 With shouts the Rutuli this omen greet; »« 
 
 Their weapons they prepare to seize. Then first, 
 
 Tolumnius the augur thus exclaims: — 
 
 "This, this is what I often sought, with prayers; 
 
 I see, and must accept the power divine. 
 
 Your leader I will be, unhappy men ; 35s 
 
 You, whom like timid fowls this wicked stranger 
 
 Dismays with war, and devastates your shores. 
 
 Now let him plan his flight, and on the deep 
 
 Set sail. But you with one accord close up 
 
 Your ranks, and from this combat save your king, n° 
 
 Whom they would snatch away from you." lie said, 
 
 And, running, hurled a javelin at his toes. 
 
So8 The sEneid. 
 
 Straight through the air the whizzing cornel-shaft 
 
 Flies with unerring aim. Then all at once 
 
 A shout arose : the thickly serried crowd 345 
 
 Is stirred, and each tumultuous heart ablaze. 
 
 Full in the pathway of the flying spear 
 
 There stood nine brothers, all of beauty rare: 
 
 One faithful Tuscan wife had borne them all; 
 
 Arcadian Gylippus was their sire. 350 
 
 One, a fair youth, in shining arms, is pierced 
 
 Just where the clasping belt confines the waist; — 
 
 Pierced through the ribs, and on the yellow sand 
 
 His limbs are stretched. At this the brethren all, 
 
 A fearless band, with rage and grief inflamed, 35s 
 
 Some with drawn swords, and some with missile spears, 
 
 Rush blindly forth. Laurentum's troops oppose. 
 
 Trojans and Tuscans pour in thick array, 
 
 And the Arcadian bands with painted shields. 
 
 So, to decide the battle with the sword, 3 6 ° 
 
 All burn alike. The altars they despoil. 
 
 The sky is dark with stormy showers of steel. 
 
 They carry off the sacred bowls and hearths. 
 
 Even Latinus flies, and bears away 
 
 His baffled gods, since broken lies the league. 36s 
 
 Some rein their cars, or leap upon their steeds, 
 
Book mi. 509 
 
 And draw their swords. Mcssapus, eager now 
 
 To break the truce, against Aulestei drive , 
 
 Mounted upon his horse; a Tuscan king 
 
 He was, and wore the badge* of a kin;^. 
 
 Retreating, 'mid the altars placed behind, 
 
 Upon his head and shoulders down he tails. 
 
 Hotly Messapus follows with his spear, 
 
 And, rising on his steed, with ponderous lance 
 
 Thrusts heavily, while he implores for life, rs 
 
 "He has it now," the chieftain said; "this life 
 
 A worthier victim to the gods is given." 
 
 The Italians flock, and strip his limbs yet warm. 
 
 Then Coryna?us from an altar grasps 
 
 A burning brand, and, meeting Ebusus i*« 
 
 Coming to aim a blow, confronts him full, 
 
 And dashes in his face the flames, that catch 
 
 And singe his heavy beard, with burning scent. 
 
 Then, following up the attack, with his left hand 
 
 He grasps the hair of his astounded foe ; 3>s 
 
 And, pressing with his knee, he holds him fas! 
 
 Down to the earth, and stabs him through the side. 
 
 Then Podalirius with his naked sword 
 
 Pursues the shepherd Alsus, pressing close, 
 
 As in the battle's front, amid the darts 39° 
 
5 1 o The Aineid. 
 
 He rushes on ; but Alsus, drawing back 
 
 His axe, smites through his forehead and his chin, 
 
 And cleaves him down, and with the spattered blood 
 
 Besmears his armor ; then the rigid rest 
 
 And iron sleep of death press down his eyes, 395 
 
 That close forever in eternal night. 
 
 But good /Eneas, with uncovered head, 
 
 Stretched his right hand unarmed, and called 
 
 aloud : — 
 " Whither, my men, whither away so fast ? 
 What sudden discord 's this ? Restrain your rage ! 4°° 
 The league is made, and all its rules arranged. 
 I only have a right to take the field. 
 Yield now to me ; dismiss these fears of yours. 
 I with my hand shall make the treaty firm. 
 These sacred rites make Turnus due to me." 405 
 
 But while he yet is speaking, lo ! there flies 
 A whizzing arrow at the hero aimed; 
 None knew by whose strong hand it was impelled, — 
 What accident, what god, brought such a fame 
 To the Rutulian arms; the high renown 41° 
 
 Of such a deed was hid ; no one made boast 
 That 'gainst ./Eneas he had aimed the blow. 
 
Book xu. 5 1 1 
 
 As soon as Turnus saw the Trojan chief 
 
 Retiring from the ranks, the leaders all 
 
 Thrown in commotion, with a sudden hope 
 
 He fires; he calls tor horses and tor arm , 
 
 Springs proudly to his chariot with a hound, 
 
 And takes the reins. Then, as he flies along, 
 
 He many a hero's form devotes to death, 
 
 Many half dead he rolls upon the plain, 4»o 
 
 Or with his chariot tramples down their ranks, 
 
 Or drives them flying with his gathered dart-. 
 
 As when, impetuous, by cold Hebrus' waves 
 
 The bloody Mars comes clashing with his shield, 
 
 And, kindling war, lets loose his furious steeds; 
 
 
 Upon the plain they outstrip the southern winds 
 And western winds; their trampling feet are heard 
 In thunder on the farthest bounds of Thrace ; 
 And round about, attendants of the god, 
 The gloomy faces throng, black Terror and Wrath 
 And Stratagem; — so through the battle's midst 
 Fierce Turnus drives his steeds, that steam with sweat, 
 And rides, insulting, o'er the wretched slain. 
 Scattering the bloody dew, their rapid ho 
 Beat up the gorv sand. And now he slays 
 Sthenelus and Thamyris ; these hand to hand ; 
 
5 1 2 The ^Eneid. 
 
 And Pholus at a distance ; Glaucus, too, 
 
 And Lades, both the sons of Imbrasus, 
 
 Bred by their sire in Lycia, and equipped 
 
 With equal skill in arms, whether to fight 440 
 
 In combat close or outstrip with steeds the wind. 
 
 Eumedes in another quarter comes, 
 
 Borne to the middle of the fray ; the son 
 
 Of ancient Dolon he, renowned in arms: 
 
 He bore his grandsire's name, his father's soul 445 
 
 And strength (who once into the Grecian camp 
 
 Went as a spy, and as a guerdon sought 
 
 The chariot of Pelides. Tydeus' son 
 
 A different recompense bestowed on him 
 
 For such presumptuous claim, no longer now 45° 
 
 Aspiring to possess Achilles' steeds). 
 
 Him when afar upon the open field 
 
 Turnus beheld, he through the distance sent 
 
 A flying dart; then stops his harnessed steeds, 
 
 And, leaping from his chariot, meets his foe, 455 
 
 Half dead and fallen ; and pressing with his foot 
 
 The warrior's neck, wrests from his hand his sword, 
 
 And plunges in his throat the shining blade. 
 
 " Troian, lie there, and measure thus," he cries, 
 
Book xii. 5 1 j 
 
 "Our fields, and that Hetpeiit BOttghl in war. 4*0 
 
 Bach their rewards who venture with the BWOrd 
 To hrave me; thus they build their city's walls! " 
 Hurling his lance, lie sends AtbutCfl then 
 To hear him company ; then C'hloreas next, 
 Sybaris, Dares, and Thersilochus ; 
 Thymuses too, thrown from his plunging steed. 
 As when the blast of Thracian Boreas roars 
 Along the deep /Ega?an, and pursues 
 The billows to the shore, the incumbent storm 
 Drives o'er the sky the flocks of riving clouds; 4-> 
 
 So, wheresoever Turnus cuts his path, 
 The troops give way, the routed squadrons fly. 
 Against his rushing car, as on he drives, 
 The blowing wind shakes back his flying ere 
 Him pressing on, and shouting in his rage, 4-; 
 
 Phegeus could not bear, but in his course 
 Opposed, and grasping at his courser's reins 
 Twisted their foaming mouths. While dragged along 
 He hangs upon the pole, the chief's broad lance 
 Reaches him, unprotected, piercing throu * ,J 
 
 His double-woven corselet, with a wound 
 Cirazing his skin. But he with shield op 
 And with drawn sword confronts his enemy : 
 65 
 
514 The Aineid. 
 
 When, dashing on its course, the whirling car 
 O'erthrew him headlong, stretched upon the ground. 485 
 And Turnus, following fast, struck off his head 
 Between the corselet and the helmet's rim, 
 And left the headless body on the sand. 
 
 But while victorious Turnus in the field 
 
 Is dealing death, ./Eneas to the camp, 490 
 
 Bleeding, is led, Mnestheus attending him, 
 
 And true Achates and Ascanius near. 
 
 On his long spear he leans, with faltering steps, 
 
 And strives impatiently to pluck away 
 
 The broken shaft, and seeks the nearest aid ; 495 
 
 That they should make incision with the sword, 
 
 Lay bare the wound about the hidden steel, 
 
 And send him back again into the field. 
 
 And now lapis came to lend his aid, 
 
 Son of Iasius, more than all beloved 5°° 
 
 By Phoebus ; for on him the god himself, 
 
 Smit with deep love, had offered to bestow 
 
 His arts, his gifts, his skill in augury, 
 
 His lyre, and flying shafts ; but he preferred 
 
 (To lengthen out a dying father's life) s°s 
 
 That he might know the powers of herbs, and cures, 
 
Book xii. 5 1 5 
 
 And silent arts ingloriously pursue. 
 Chafing with bitter wrath, ASneas stood, 
 And leaned upon his mighty spear, unmoved, 
 
 Amid the crowd, by all the warriors' grief s»° 
 
 And tears of sad lulus. Then approached 
 
 The old physician, with his robe tucked back, 
 
 After the manner of his craft ; his hand 
 
 With many a medicine and potent herb, 
 
 In trembling eagerness, attempts relief, $15 
 
 But all in vain ; in vain the barbed steel 
 
 Solicits, and with grip of pincers firm 
 
 Essays to move; no way will Fortune show. 
 
 Apollo, his great patron, lends no aid. 
 
 And more and more the horror in the fields s*° 
 
 Increases, and the terror nearer comes. 
 
 The sky stands dense with dust ; around them crowd 
 
 The horsemen of the foe; the darts rain thick 
 
 Upon the camp; and to the heavens ascend 
 
 The death-cries from the cruel battle-field. s»s 
 
 The goddess-mother, Venus, troubled now 
 
 That pain unmerited had touched her son, 
 
 On Cretan Ida gathers dittany, 
 
 With downy leaves and crimson blossoms crowned : 
 
5 1 6 The Aineid. 
 
 To the wild goats the plant is not unknown, 530 
 
 When pierced by flying darts. This Venus brought, 
 
 Veiled in a shadowy cloud; she steeps the herb 
 
 In water poured into a shining vase, 
 
 Healing ambrosial juices sprinkling in, 
 
 And fragrant panacea; and with this 535 
 
 The old lapis, ignorant of its power, 
 
 Bathing the wound, all pain his body left 
 
 At once, and to the bottom of the gash 
 
 The blood was stanched ; and following now his 
 
 hand, 
 Without an effort out the arrow dropped, 540 
 
 And all Eneas' former strength returned. 
 "Quick, bring the hero's arms! Why stand and 
 
 Wait ? " 
 lapis cries, the first to rouse their souls 
 Against the foe: "This thing by human means 
 Was never done, nor any master's art. 54s 
 
 Nor has my hand, ./Eneas, saved thee now. 
 Some greater power divine has wrought the cure, 
 And sends thee back to achieve yet greater deeds." 
 
 He, eager for the combat, had encased 
 
 His legs in golden greaves on either side; 55° 
 
Book xn. 
 
 5 >/ 
 
 Impatient of delay, be shakes his lance. 
 When he had fitted to his .side his .shield, 
 PI is corselet to his hack, he throws his amis 
 Around Ascanius' neck, and through his helm 
 With gentle kiss embracing him, thus speaks: — 
 "From me, my son, learn valor and the might 
 Of stern endurance ; what thy lot may be, 
 Let others teach. In battle my right hand 
 Shall save, and lead thee on to great rewards. 
 Bear this in mind, when riper years erelong 
 Shall come; and to thy soul recalling oft 
 The examples of thy race, let then thy sire, 
 And Hector, too, thy uncle, spur thee on." 
 
 Thus having said, he issued from the gates 
 With towering form, and shook his ponderous 
 lance. 5 6 > 
 
 Antheus and Mnestheus too in dense array 
 Rush forth, and, crowding from the abandoned camp, 
 The troops go pouring out. The blinding dust 
 Fills all the plain; the trembling earth beneath 
 Rocks to the trampling tread of hurrying ieet. 
 Their coming Turnus on a hill-top saw, 
 And the Ausonians saw; a shudder cold 
 
5 1 8 The Aineid. 
 
 Ran through their ranks. Juturna first of all 
 
 Heard them, and knew the sound, and fled dismayed. 
 
 iEneas, scouring o'er the open plain, 57s 
 
 Whirls his black squadrons on. As when beneath 
 
 The bursting skies, athwart 'mid ocean moves 
 
 A storm-cloud to the land ; alas ! what fears 
 
 Alarm the wretched peasants' shuddering hearts! 
 
 Ruin upon the trees, and far and wide 580 
 
 Destruction on the harvest fields will fall ; 
 
 The winds fly on before, and to the shores 
 
 Bear the deep rumbling of the approaching storm. 
 
 So on the opposing ranks the Trojan chief 
 
 Leads his battalions all compact and dense 5«s 
 
 In serried files. Thymbrceus with his blade 
 
 Smites down the heavy Osiris, Mnestheus slays 
 
 Archetius, and Achates Epulo, 
 
 And Gyas Ufens ; even Tolumnius falls, 
 
 The augur, who was first to hurl his spear 590 
 
 Against his foes. A shout ascends to heaven ; 
 
 And the Rutulians, in their turn repulsed, 
 
 Show all along the fields their dusty backs. 
 
 The fugitives i^Eneas scorns to slay ; 
 
 Nor those who meet him armed, and face to face, 59s 
 
 Will he pursue. Turnus alone he seeks, 
 
Book xii. 5 iq 
 
 And strives to track amid the darkening dust; 
 And him alone to combat challenges. 
 
 The warrior maid, Juturna, alarmed at this, 
 
 Overthrows Metiscus, Turnus' charioteer, i > 
 
 Between the reins ; and from the beam he tails, 
 
 Left far behind. She mounts into his seat, 
 
 Guides with her hands the undulating reins, 
 
 And takes Metiscus' voice and mien and arms. 
 
 As when through spacious courts of some rich lord 6o S 
 
 Flits a black swallow, round the lofty halls, 
 
 Picking a scanty meal, or seeking food 
 
 To feed her chirping young, through empty porch, 
 
 Round pool and pond, her twittering notes arc heard, — 
 
 So through the hostile ranks Juturna drives, 610 
 
 And round and round her rapid chariot flies. 
 
 Now here, now there, her brother she displays 
 
 In triumph, nor permits him to engage, 
 
 But shuns ./Eneas on his track. But he, 
 
 No less in winding mazes wheels about, 6 «s 
 
 To intercept, or follows on his steps, 
 
 And shouts to him across the broken ranks. 
 
 As oft as he his enemy descried, 
 
 And with the flying coursers tried his speed, 
 
520 The Aineid. 
 
 So oft Juturna turned aside the car. «*> 
 
 Alas ! what can he do ? On changing tides 
 
 He fluctuates in vain ; conflicting plans 
 
 Disturb his mind. Messapus then by chance 
 
 Came swiftly riding, bearing in his hand 
 
 Two javelins tipped with steel, and one of these 625 
 
 He hurls with certain aim ; /Eneas stopped, 
 
 And covered by his shield, upon his knee 
 
 Dropped down ; the flying javelin, none the less, 
 
 Struck off the plumy crest upon his helm. 
 
 Inflamed with wrath at such insidious arts, 630 
 
 When he perceived the chariot and the steeds 
 
 Still borne afar, he calls to witness then 
 
 Jove, and the altars of the broken league ; 
 
 Into the thick of battle rushes on, 
 
 Terrible, with the auspicious aid of Mars, 635 
 
 Lets loose the reins of anger on his foes, 
 
 And fierce and undistinguished slaughter deals. 
 
 What god unto my verse can now declare 
 
 The dire events, what carnage vast ensued, 
 
 What deaths of chiefs? whom Turnus now pursues, 640 
 
 And now the Trojan hero, o'er the fields ? 
 
 Was it the will of Jupiter that thus 
 
Book Ml. 
 The nations whom eternal peace one day 
 
 Would join should clash in such a conflict dire? 
 
 Rutulian Sucro hurrying comes (here first •-»< 
 
 The Trojans in their lull career were checked 
 Hut as he came, ^Eneas in the side 
 
 Plunged through the ribs his sword, th | death. 
 
 Turnus on foot encountered Amycus, 
 Thrown from his horse; his brother too he nut, 
 Diores ; one with lance, and one with sword 
 He slays, and bears away their severed heads 
 Dripping with blood, suspended to his car. 
 Talos, and Tanais, and Cethegus brave 
 ./Eneas kills, all three at one assault. *u 
 
 The sad Onytes too, of Theban race, 
 And Peridia's son. Turnus strikes down 
 The brothers sent from Lvcia, Pbcebns? land; 
 Also Menoctes, an Arcadian youth, 
 
 In vain averse to war; his humble home •* 
 
 And craft had been on Lerna's fishy streams; 
 Unknown to him the great rewards ot tame. 
 While on hired helds his hither sowed his -^r.iin. 
 And as two fires let loose from different si 
 Through forests dry and crackling laurel twigs — 
 66 
 
522 The Aineid. 
 
 Or as from mountain-sides two foaming streams 
 
 Come roaring down, each flooding, its own way, 
 
 The open fields, with devastation wide, — 
 
 So through the conflict rush the opposing chiefs. 
 
 They know not what it is to yield ; their breasts 6 7 o 
 
 Now boil with rage suppressed, now, bursting forth, 
 
 They sweep to battle with their utmost strength. 
 
 One whirls a ponderous stone, and fells to earth 
 Murranus, boasting of his ancestors, 
 
 And race descended from the Latin kings. 675 
 
 The wheels, beneath the harness and the yoke 
 Drag him along, beat down by trampling hoofs 
 Of steeds regardless of their master's fate. 
 The other encounters Hyllus, who in rage 
 Comes driving on; against his gilded brows 680 
 
 He hurls a spear, that brain and helmet pierced. 
 Nor couldst thou, Creteus, bravest of the Greeks, 
 From Turnus save thyself; nor did the gods 
 Protect Cupencus from ./Eneas' sword 
 That pierced his breast ; nor did his brazen shield 685 
 
 Avail him aught. Thee too, O ./Eolus, 
 Laurentum's fields beheld, upon the earth 
 Stretched at thy length, thou whom the Grecian hosts 
 Could not o'erthrow, nor he who overturned 
 
Book xii. 
 
 
 Grc.u Priam's realm, Achilles; here thy life 
 
 Now touched its goal. A lofty palace thine 
 
 Beneath Mount Ida, in Lyrnessus too; — 
 
 Here on Laurentian soil a sepulchre. 
 
 So all the Latian and the Dardan h 
 
 Are turned upon each other. Mnestheui now, 6 9 * 
 
 And brave Serestus, and Messapus come, 
 
 And strong Asilas, and the Tuscan hands, 
 
 And all Arcadia's winged cavalry. 
 
 Each tor himself, all to their utmost strive; 
 
 No stop, no stay; one zeal inflames them all. 700 
 
 His fairest mother prompts yEneas now 
 To turn and march upon the city walls, 
 And fright the Latins with a sudden blow. 
 For while he strove to follow Turnus' tracks, 
 Amid the various ranks, and here and there 
 Around him looked, he saw the town untouched 
 And tranquil 'mid the shocks of war. At once 
 His mind is kindled by a greater. plan 
 Of battle. Round him then he calls his chi 
 Mnestheus, Sergestus, and Serestus brave, 
 And takes his station on a rising ground. 
 The Trojan bands assemble, crowding close, 
 
524 
 
 The sEneid. 
 
 Nor do they lay aside their shields and spears. 
 
 He, in the midst, thus speaks: * Let no one thwart 
 
 The purpose I announce. Jove stands with us. 
 
 Nor, though the plan be sudden, let your wills 
 
 Be slow to aid. The cause of all the war, 
 
 This city, and Latinus' rule itself, 
 
 Unless they will consent to accept our yoke, 
 
 And, vanquished, yield, I will this day o'erturn, 
 
 And lay their turrets smoking on the ground. 
 
 Am I, forsooth, to wait till Turnus deign 
 
 To accept the combat, and, though vanquished oft, 
 
 Return to take the field ? O citizens, 
 
 The source of this unhallowed war is here. 
 
 Bring torches! Reassert the league with flames!'* 
 
 715 
 
 710 
 
 725 
 
 He said ; and all, alive with equal zeal, 
 
 Move in a dense battalion to the walls. 
 
 Ladders and torches suddenly appear. 
 
 Some storm the gates, and kill the first they meet. 
 
 Others with showers of darts obscure the sky. 
 
 ./Eneas himself beneath the city's walls, 
 
 Amid the foremost, stretches his right hand, 
 
 Upbraids Latinus with accusing voice, 
 
 And calls the gods to witness, that again 
 
 730 
 
 735 
 
Book XI l. J2C 
 
 He is forced to fight; that twice the Italians BOW 
 
 Become his toes ; that twice thev hreak the League. 
 Dissension stirs the trembling citizens. 
 
 Some to the Dardans would fling hack the 
 
 And ope the town, and to the rampart! (fa 740 
 
 The king himself; while others seize their trmi 
 
 And hasten to defend the walls. As when 
 
 A shepherd in some secret pumice rock 
 
 Has tracked a swarm 01' bees, and filled the holes 
 
 With bitter smoke; alarmed thev run about -4; 
 
 Hither and thither through their waxen camp, 
 
 With loud and angry buzzing; through their cells 
 
 Roll the black fumes, until with stirled noise 
 
 The cave within resounds, and clouds oi Mnoke 
 
 Go pouring forth into the empty air. :;° 
 
 Such fortune on the exhausted Latians tell, 
 And shook their city to its base, with woe. 
 The queen, when she beholds the enemy 
 Approach the town, and sees the walls attacked, 
 And torches burled upon the roofs, — no troops 
 Of the Rutulians near, nor Turnus' bands — 
 Wretched, believes the youth in battle slain ; 
 And, smit with sudden pangs of grief, cries out 
 That she had been the cause and guilty source 
 
526 The Ai7teid. 
 
 Of such disasters ; and with raving words, 
 
 As one about to die, rends with her hands 
 
 Her purple robes ; and from a lofty beam 
 
 Ties fast the noose of her unsightly death. 
 
 The unhappy Latian dames the tidings hear. 
 
 Her golden tresses, then, and roseate cheeks 7^5 
 
 Lavinia tears ; and round her all her train 
 
 Runs wildly, and the palace far and wide 
 
 Rings with their shrieks ; thence all the city hears 
 
 The melancholy tidings spread about, 
 
 And deep dejection reigns. Rending his robes, 770 
 
 Latinus goes, bewildered at the fate 
 
 Thus fallen upon his queen and ruined town. 
 
 He heaps the dust upon his hoary head, 
 
 Upbraiding oft himself, that not ere this 
 
 He of his own accord had not received 775 
 
 Trojan iEneas as his son-in-law. 
 
 Upon the plain's remotest bounds, meanwhile, 
 
 Turnus pursued a shred of straggling troops, 
 
 With slower pace, elated less and less 
 
 Now, with his coursers' speed ; when to his ears, 78° 
 
 Listening intently, borne upon the wind, 
 
 Came from the troubled city cries confused, 
 
Book xi i. 
 
 An unknown terror, and a mournful din. 
 "Alas! what grief is this within our wall 3 
 What wild alarms arise from every Street 
 So saving, bewildered, he drew back his reins 
 
 And stopped. His sister then, who had as umed 
 
 Metiscus' form and face, his charioteer, 
 
 And guided still the chariot, steeds, and reins 
 
 Thus, turning to him, spoke : " Let us pursue 
 
 The Trojans, Turnus, here, where victory still 
 
 Prepares the way ; others there are, whose hands 
 
 Can well defend the city. ./Eneas there 
 
 Joins battle, and attacks the Italian hosts. 
 
 We too among the Trojans scatter death. 
 
 Nor shalt thou with less honor from the field 
 
 Withdraw, nor count less numbers of thy slain." 
 
 Turnus replied : "Sister, long since I knew 
 
 Thy presence, when by artifice thou first 
 
 Didst break the truce, and in this warfare join. 
 
 Now thou in vain deceiv'st me, though divine. 
 
 But say, who sent thee from Olympus down 
 
 To undertake such toils ? Was it to see 
 
 Thy wretched brother's cruel death ? For now 
 
 What can I do? What fortune brings to me *>s 
 
 Promise of safety ? I myself have seen 
 
528 The Aineid. 
 
 Murranus fall, none dearer now to me 
 
 Survives ; calling aloud on me, he fell. 
 
 Great was the wound that slew so great a chief. 
 
 The hapless Ufens too has fallen, that he 810 
 
 This my dishonor might not see or know. 
 
 His corpse, his armor, are the Trojans' spoils. 
 
 Shall I look on and see our homes destroyed, 
 
 The sole disaster lacking, in our loss, 
 
 Nor with this hand refute the bitter words 815 
 
 Of Drances ? Shall I turn my back ? This land, 
 
 Shall it see Turnus flying? Is it then 
 
 So hard a thing to die ? Ye Powers beneath, 
 
 Aid me, since those above avert their eyes! 
 
 Free from that stain, I will descend to you, 820 
 
 An unpolluted soul, that never yet 
 
 Unworthy was of my illustrious line ! " 
 
 Scarce had he said these words, when Saces comes, 
 
 Borne through his foes, upon a foaming steed, 
 
 And wounded by an arrow athwart the face. 82^ 
 
 He with imploring words on Turnus calls: — 
 
 " Our last and only safety rests with thee, 
 
 Turnus; have pity now upon thine own. 
 
 ./Eneas storms, an armed thunderbolt, 
 
 
Book mi. 
 
 And threatens to o'erturn the topmott towers 
 Of Italy, and bring destruction down. 
 Even now the brands are Hying to the rot 
 
 On thee the Latians turn their eves; oi\ thee 
 They call. The king himself, Latinus, doubtl 
 
 Whom he shall call his son-in-law, with whom ti$ 
 
 Alliance make. Besides all this, the queen, 
 
 Thv own most steadfast friend, in wild despair 
 
 Slain by herself, has left the light of lite. 
 
 Messapus and Atinas, they alone 
 
 Before the gates sustain the battle's shock. »4« 
 
 On every side the dense battalions stand, 
 
 A fearful harvest-field of naked swords, 
 
 While thou art urging on thy chariot wheels 
 
 O'er a deserted plain." With dumb, fixed gaze, 
 
 Confused by shifting aspects of affairs, 8 4$ 
 
 Stood Turnus then. Within his heart boiled up 
 
 An overwhelming shame, rage mixed with grid, 
 
 Self-conscious valor, and love by fury racked. 
 
 As soon as from his brain the shadows tied, 
 And light restored, back to the walls he turned 
 His blazing eyes, wild tumult in his bouI. 
 When lo, the curling flame8 had seized the tOWCT 
 67 
 

 53° 
 
 The Aineid. 
 
 Between the floors, and rolled into the sky; 
 The tower, which he himself, with jointed beams, 
 And wheels beneath, and bridges overhead, 
 Had built. " Now, sister, now the fates prevail. 
 Bid me not pause. Wherever Heaven may lead 
 And Fortune stern, let us pursue our course. 
 This combat .with .^Eneas stands resolved ; 
 -Resolved, to bear whatever bitterness 
 There be in death ; nor, sister, shalt thou see 
 Further disgrace for me. Yet suffer first, 
 I pray, that I may give this fury vent." 
 
 855 
 
 860 
 
 He said ; and, leaping from his chariot down, 
 
 Plunged through the hostile spears ; and leaves behind 865 
 
 His grieving sister, and with rapid pace 
 
 Breaks through the middle ranks. And, as a rock 
 
 Comes crashing from a mountain-top, by storms 
 
 Torn off, or washed away by swollen rains, 
 
 Or underslid by loosening lapse of years, 870 
 
 Down the steep cliff the awful mountain-mass 
 
 Falls bounding to the earth, and sweeps away 
 
 Woods, flocks, and men ; so through the broken ranks 
 
 Goes Turnus, rushing to the city's walls, 
 
 Where tracts of earth are drenched in blood, and darts 
 
Book xii. 
 
 Fly whistling through the air. Then with his hand M 
 He makes a ^ign, and lifts aloud his voice : — 
 "Forbear, Rutulians! Latians, lower your spe.ir> ! 
 
 Whatever fortune may befall, 't is mine. 
 
 More just it is that I, instead of you, Ho 
 
 Should expiate alone this broken league, 
 
 And so decide the battle with my sword." 
 
 Then all the troops drew back, and gave him place. 
 
 But hearing Turn us named, ^T.neas now 
 
 Forsakes the walls and towers, all hindrances 885 
 
 Puts by, from every enterprise breaks off; 
 
 With joy he exults, and dreadful with his arms 
 
 Comes thundering on; as great as Athos he, 
 
 As great as Eryx, or father Appenine 
 
 Himself, when with his waving oaks he roars 890 
 
 And, joyous, lifts his snow-peaks to the skies. 
 
 Then the Rutulians, and the Trojan hosts, 
 
 And all the Italians, turned their eyes to see, — 
 
 Those who were holding the high battlement , 
 
 And those who battered at the walls below, — 89$ 
 
 And laid their weapons from their shoulders down. 
 
 Amazed, Latinus sees two mighty chn 
 
532 The Aineid. 
 
 Born in far distant quarters of the earth, 
 
 Met to decide the battle with the sword. 
 
 Then they, as soon as on the open plain 900 
 
 The lists were cleared, advance with rapid pace, 
 
 And hurl their javelins from afar, then clash 
 
 With din and shock of shields and ringing arms. 
 
 Earth groans. Fierce fall their sword-strokes, thick and 
 
 fast 
 Redoubling. Chance and valor mix in one. 90s 
 
 As in the spacious Sila, or on the heights 
 Of Mount Taburnus, when two hostile bulls 
 Rush to the conflict with opposing fronts ; 
 The trembling keepers fly, and all the herd 
 Stands mute with fear; the heifers faintly low, 9'° 
 
 Uncertain which shall rule the pasture-ground, 
 And whom the herd shall follow ; they, meanwhile, 
 With ponderous strength, close locked, deal many a wound 
 With horns that thrust and gore. Blood bathes their 
 
 necks 
 And shoulders, while their bellowing fills the grove. vs 
 Even so i^neas and the Daunian chief 
 Clash with their shields, that all the air resounds. 
 
 With equal balance Jove himself sustains 
 
Book Ml. 
 
 Two scales, and lays therein the rates of each, 
 To see which one the toilsome conflict doom 
 Ami on which side the weight of death inclines. 
 
 Here Turnus, thinking he is sate, leaps forth, 
 
 And rising to his height, with lifted sword 
 
 He strikes. Trojans and trembling Latins shout ; 
 
 Both armies stand intent. The treacherous sword 915 
 
 Breaks short, and in the middle of his blow 
 
 Deserts its furious lord, unless by flight 
 
 He saves himself. Then, swifter than the wind, 
 
 He flies, soon as the unknown hilt he sees 
 
 Grasped in his hand disarmed. The rumor is, 9P 
 
 That in his haste, when battle first began, 
 
 While mounting to his car with coursers yoked, 
 
 He left behind his father's sword of proof, 
 
 And in his hurry snatched Metiscus' blade, 
 
 That long had served him while the Trojans fled 
 
 And turned their backs. Soon as on arms divine, 
 
 By Vulcan wrought, the mortal blade was tried, 
 
 It snapped like brittle ice beneath the blow, 
 
 And on the yellow sand the splinters shone. 
 
 So Turnus in mad flight o'er all the plain 94* 
 
 W'heeK in uncertain orbits, here and there. 
 
 For on all sides the Trojans stood around 
 
534 The Aineid. 
 
 In dense array, and here a wide morass, 
 And there steep walls, a barrier interposed. 
 
 Nor less iEneas, though his wound retards, 94s 
 
 So that at times his knees impede his course, 
 
 Follows and presses, step with step, behind 
 
 His trembling foe. As when a hound, who has tracked 
 
 A stag that by a river is hemmed in, 
 
 Or hedged by terror of the crimson plumes, 95° 
 
 Baying, gives chase; the beast meanwhile dismayed 
 
 By the steep banks, and by the hunter's snares, 
 
 Backward and forward flies, a thousand ways, 
 
 While the keen Umbrian dog with open mouth 
 
 Follows him close, now nearly holds him fast, 95s 
 
 Now snaps, as though he held, with chiding cry, 
 
 His prey escaping still his empty jaws ; 
 
 Then shouts arise, the banks and lakes resound, 
 
 And all the sky is ringing with the noise; — 
 
 So Turnus flies, and as he flies, he chides 960 
 
 The Rutuli ; each one by name he calls, 
 
 Demanding eagerly his well-known sword. 
 
 ./Eneas death declares, and ruin dire, 
 
 Should any one approach ; the trembling troops 
 
 He overawes with threats to raze their town ; 9 6 s 
 
Book mi. 53S 
 
 And, wounded as lie is, still presses on. 
 Five circuits they complete in their career, 
 And five retrace, now this way, ami now that ; 
 For now no slight or trifling prize [fl .sought ; 
 'T is Turnus' lite and blood that is required 
 
 It chanced an olive wild with hitter leaves, 
 
 Sacred to Faunus, on this spot had stood. 
 
 The wood of old by sailors was revered. 
 
 Here, when preserved from shipwreck, they were wont 
 
 To affix their gifts to the Laurentian god, 
 
 And hang their votive robes. With recklc>> haste 
 
 The Trojans felled the consecrated trunk, 
 
 That they might fight upon a well-cleared field. 
 
 Here stood ^Eneas' spear; his arm had driven 
 
 The weapon hither, where in the impassive roots 9 |0 
 
 It stuck. The Dardan hero stooped and tried 
 
 To wrench away the steel, and so pursue 
 
 The foe he could not overtake by speed. 
 
 Then, wild with terror, Turnus cries aloud : — 
 
 "O Faunus, pity me! And thou, kind Earth, 
 
 Hold back the steel ; — if ever I have held 
 
 Thy honors sacred, by the sons of Troy 
 
 Profaned in war." Thus he invoked the god, 
 
536 The Aineid. 
 
 And not with fruitless prayers. For struggling long, 
 
 And wasting time upon the sluggish stump, 990 
 
 iEneas could not with his utmost strength 
 
 Relax the wood's firm grip. While striving still, 
 
 The Daunian nymph assumes Metiscus' form 
 
 Once more, and runs, and back to her brother gives 
 
 His sword. Venus, indignant to behold 995 
 
 The daring of the nymph, approaches now, 
 
 And tears the weapon from the root. The chiefs, 
 
 With towering strength, with arms and courage fresh, 
 
 This in his sword, that trusting in his spear, 
 
 Stand, breathless in the combat, front to front. 1°°° 
 
 Meanwhile the Olympian king omnipotent, 
 
 To Juno looking from a yellow cloud 
 
 Upon the conflict, speaks: "O consort-queen, 
 
 When shall this end ? What further yet remains ? 
 
 Thou thyself know'st, confessing that thou know'st, 1005 
 
 iEneas for a hero deified 
 
 And destined for the starry skies by fate. 
 
 What plan dost thou pursue? What hope is there, 
 
 That in the chilly clouds thou lingerest still ? 
 
 Was it a seemly thing that one divine 1°'° 
 
 Should bear a mortal wound ? or that the blade, 
 
Book xii. 
 
 Wrested from Tunnis' band, Bhould be re tored, 
 
 And to the conquered strength renewed I n ? 
 
 (For without thee, what were Juturna's DOW4 
 Yield to our prayers, desist thou now at Length ; 1015 
 
 Nor let such grief consume thy silent heart, 
 Nor from thy sweet lips let these gloomy cares 
 Encounter me so oft. The end is near. 
 Power thou hast had to harass by sea and land 
 The Trojans, kindle war unspeakable, 
 Tarnish an honored house, and nuptial rites 
 O'ercloud with grief. Further attempts than these 
 I now forbid." Thus Jupiter; and thus 
 Saturnia answered, with submissive looks: — 
 " I own, great Jupiter, it was because »°»s 
 
 I knew that will of thine, I have withdrawn, 
 Unwillingly, from Turnus and his lands. 
 Nor wouldst thou have seen me sitting thus apart, 
 Enduring all this shifting good and bad, 
 But girt with flames, and on the battle's edge «°j° 
 
 Drawing the Trojans on to deadly war. 
 Juturna, I confess, I did persuade 
 To help her hapless brother ; greater deeds 
 Than that approved, to hazard for his lite, 
 But not to bend the bow or hurl the dart. 
 68 
 
538 . The Aineid. 
 
 I swear by Styx' relentless fountain-head, 
 
 The sole religious dread that binds the gods. 
 
 And now in truth I yield, and, hating, leave 
 
 This warfare. Yet one thing I do beseech 
 
 For Latium and thy royal seed, no law 104* 
 
 Of destiny forbids ; when peace is made 
 
 By this auspicious marriage, — be it so, — 
 
 And laws and leagues unite the hostile tribes, 
 
 Bid not the Latins change their ancient name ; 
 
 Trojans and Teucri let them not be called, 1045 
 
 Nor change their speech or garb. Be it Latium still. 
 
 Let Alban monarchs through the centuries reign ; 
 
 Let Rome's posterity attain their might 
 
 Through virtue of Italia. Troy hath fallen. 
 
 Then let it fall forever with its name." 1050 
 
 Smiling, the Founder of events and men 
 Replied : " Sister of Jove in truth thou art, 
 And Saturn's other seed, to roll such waves 
 Of wrath beneath thy bosom! But come, now, 
 Subdue this fruitless anger. What thou wilt, 105s 
 
 I grant ; and, vanquished, willingly submit. 
 The Ausonians shall retain their ancient tongue 
 And customs ; and their name shall be as now. 
 But, mingled with the mass, the Trojan race 
 
Book xii. 
 
 Shall settle in their land. I will ordain 
 Their customs and their sacred rites, and all 
 Shall Latins be, one common speech to all. 
 Hence, mingled with Ausonian blood, shall n e 
 A nation above men and gods in worth, 
 Nor matched by any race in serving thee." 
 Juno assents with glad and altered mind, 
 And leaves her cloudy dwelling in the sky. 
 
 This done, the Sire revolves another plan ; 
 
 How to withdraw Juturna from the aid 
 
 She gives her brother's arms. Two sister Pests > 70 
 
 There are, called Dira?, whom the unwholesome Night 
 
 At the same birth brought forth ; with them too came 
 
 Tartarean Mega?ra ; snaky coils 
 
 About their heads they bore, and wings of wind. 
 
 They at the throne of Jove appear, and stand 
 
 Upon the threshold of the infernal king, 
 
 Sharpening the stings of fear in wretched souK, 
 
 What time the king of gods disease and death 
 
 Prepares, or frights the guilty towns with war. 
 
 And one of these Jove from on high speeds down 
 
 To meet Juturna, as an ominous sign. 
 
 Down in a whirlwind swift to earth she flies, 
 
54-0 The Aineid. 
 
 As when an arrow from a Parthian's bow, 
 
 Parthian or Cretan, shot through cloudy skies, 
 
 A deadly shaft with cruel poison tipped, 1085 
 
 Comes whistling and unseen across the shades ; 
 
 So flew to earth the daughter of the Night. 
 
 Soon as the Trojan army she beholds, 
 And Turnus* troops, she on a sudden shrinks 
 To the small figure of that bird which sits 1090 
 
 At times by night on tombs or lonely towers, 
 And late and long amid the darkness hoots, 
 With ominous voice ; so changed, in Turnus' sight 
 Flies, screaming, back and forth, and beats her wings 
 Against his shield. Benumbed and chilled ic 9S 
 
 With fear, his limbs relax; his hair with horror stands; 
 His gasping voice is gone. But when afar 
 She knew the Fury's cries and whistling wings, 
 Wretched Juturna tears her loosened locks, 
 And tears her face, and beats her breast. " What help, «io° 
 O Turnus, can thy sister bring thee now ? 
 I, wretched, — what is left for me to do? 
 Or by what art can I prolong thy life ? 
 How can I brave a portent such as this ? 
 Now, now I quit the field. Ye evil birds, "05 
 
 Add not your terrors to my fear ; I know 
 
 
Book xi i. 
 
 
 The beating of your wings, your shrieks of death. 
 
 The proud command oi Jove cannot deceive 
 
 This his return for stolen maidenhood ! 
 
 Why did he give me an immortal lite 3 m 
 
 Why take away the fatal law of death ? 
 
 Surely I might have ended now such grit 
 
 And to the shades below accompany 
 
 Mv unhappy brother. I immortal? I? 
 
 What can be sweet to me, of all I own, — n«s 
 
 What without thee, my brother? Ah, what earth 
 
 Can open deep enough for me, and send 
 
 A goddess to the shades below ! " She said ; 
 
 And round her head a veil of watery blue 
 
 She wrapped, and, groaning, plunged into the stream, iim 
 
 ./Eneas, brandishing his mighty lance, 
 
 Comes pressing on, and thus with angry words : — 
 
 "What new delay does Turnus plan f Why now 
 
 Draw back ? 'T is not a running contest now, 
 
 But face to face, with sharp and cruel arms. 
 
 Take to thyself all shapes ; call to thy aid 
 
 Whate'er thou canst, of valor or of skill ; 
 
 Aim with thy wings to reach the loftj 
 
 Or hide thee in the deep and hollow earth." 
 
542 The Aineid. 
 
 But Turnus shook his head : "Thy violent words, "3° 
 
 Insulter, fright me not. It is the gods, 
 
 And Jove, my enemy, who dismay me now." 
 
 No more he said; but, looking round, he sees 
 
 An antique rock, of size immense, that lay 
 
 Upon the plain, a landmark 'twixt the fields. 113s 
 
 Scarce could twelve chosen men, such as the earth 
 
 Produces now, have borne it on their backs. 
 
 With hurried hand the hero grasped the stone, 
 
 And rising, ran to hurl it at his foe. 
 
 But as he runs, and lifts the ponderous weight, 114° 
 
 He knows not what he aims to do ; his knees 
 
 Totter beneath him, and his blood runs cold. 
 
 Through empty air the stone is hurled, and rolls, 
 
 Nor clears the space, nor deals the intended blow. 
 
 And as in dreams, when languid sleep at night 1145 
 
 Weighs down the eyelids, and in vain we strive 
 
 To run, with speed that equals our desire, 
 
 But yield, disabled, midway in our course; 
 
 The tongue, and all the accustomed forces fail, 
 
 Nor voice nor words ensue; — e'en so it was "5° 
 
 With Turnus; — with whatever valorous strength 
 
 His soul aspired, the fiend denied success. 
 
 
 
Book Ml. 
 
 Conflicting thoughts roll hurrying through hit brc 
 
 He sees the Rutuli, he sees the town, 
 
 And stops in tear, and dreads the threatening steel ; 
 
 Nor knows he how to escape or how to attack 
 
 His enemy, nor anywhere heholds 
 
 His chariot or his sister-charioteer. 
 
 Thus as he hesitates, ,/Eneas shakes 
 
 His fatal spear, and chooses just the spot 
 
 To pierce, and hurls the lance with all his strength. 
 
 Never did stones from battering engine shot 
 
 So rend the air, or thunderbolt resound. 
 
 Like a black whirlwind flies the deadly steel, 
 
 Through corselet's rim, through sevenfold plated 
 
 shield, 
 With ringing stroke, and pierces through his thigh. >> ■ 
 Down to the earth upon his bended knee 
 The mighty Turnus sinks. The Rutuli 
 Rise all together with a groan. Around 
 The hills and lofty woods roll back the noise. "" 
 
 He, suppliant and humble, lifts his eyes, 
 And reaches forth his hand. " I have deserved 
 Indeed, nor do I deprecate this blow. 
 Use now thy fortune. If for a wretched sire 
 
544 The sEneid. 
 
 Aught of regard thou hast (such once to thee 117s 
 
 Thy sire Anchises was), pity, I beg, 
 
 My father Daunus' venerable age; 
 
 And me, or if thou rather wouldst, my corpse, 
 
 Despoiled of life, send back unto my friends. 
 
 Thou hast prevailed. The Ausonians have beheld "80 
 
 A vanquished enemy stretch forth his hands. 
 
 Lavinia is thy bride. Stretch not thy hate 
 
 Beyond what thou hast done." 
 
 Stern in his arms 
 ./Eneas stood, and rolled his eyes around, 
 And his right hand repressed; and more and more n8s 
 Those words began to bend his wavering will ; — 
 When, on the lofty shoulder of his foe 
 The unhappy belt appeared, — young Pallas' belt 
 Shone gleaming with its studs he knew so well ; 
 Pallas, whom Turnus overpowered and slew, "90 
 
 And wore on his shoulders now the hostile badge. 
 He, as his eyes drank in the hateful sight, 
 Those spoils, memorials of that cruel grief, 
 Inflamed with fury, terrible in wrath, 
 "And dost thou think," he cried, "to escape my 
 hand, "95 
 
 Clothed in the spoils thou from my friend hast snatched ? 
 

 Book xu. 
 
 'T is Pallas, Pallas slays thee with thi blow, 
 
 And takes his vengeance with thy ac< ill ed blood I '* 
 He said, and plunged his sword into his brca I 
 Cold lav the limbs relaxed, ami, with a groan, 
 Down to the Shades the soul, indignant, tied. 
 
 
 (<■> 
 

NOTES. 
 
 Book I. Line ^4. " \ ja I , I >:lcus' 
 son." Surnamcd the Locrian, from hia 
 father, king of Locris, to distinguish 
 him from the other \u\, ion oi Tela- 
 mon. He had offered violence to 
 sandra in the temple of Minerva, on 
 the night of Troy's destruction, and 
 was punished bv a storm and a violent 
 death, on his voyage home. 
 
 Line 248. " On the Trinacrian 
 shore," — Trinacria the ancient name 
 of Sieilv. 
 
 Line 373. "The Trojan Caesar," 
 
 — Augustus, called also Julius, whom 
 the poet flatters by tracing his birth to 
 jEneas, and therefore to Venus and to 
 Jupiter. 
 
 Boon II. Line 161. 
 
 " Ye pacified 
 The winds with blood, and with a virgin slain." 
 
 Iphigenia, daughter of Agamemnon, 
 sacrificed at Aulis to appease the anger 
 of Diana. 
 
 Line 243. " Tritonia," — one of 
 the names of Minerva. 
 
 Line 680. " Neoptolemus," — a 
 name of Pvrrhus, son of Achilles. 
 
 Line 681. "The .Vr: ! r," — the 
 sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and M 
 nclaus. 
 
 Line 773. 
 - II ten. 
 
 . 
 
 III. I. it 
 
 ' — 
 The Island of D 
 tygia. 
 
 Line 41 z. 
 
 '• ' ', luppirr tha-; 
 
 Was P , — 
 
 Polyzena, sacrificed at the tomb of her 
 
 lover, Achilles. 
 
 Book V I. Line 634. " 1 
 tan," — Helen, wh 1 to 
 
 Dciphobus after the death 
 
 Line 1014. 
 
 nan Icing 
 
 irst shall gi^ 
 
 Nurna Pompili.. . 
 Line ic ;-. 
 " Bui 
 
 I sccst," 
 
 Juii . C 
 Line II ' 
 
 Our fori • — 
 
 imus, who ga 
 
 ■ 
 
54 8 
 
 Notes. 
 
 Line 1084. 
 
 " A youth in form and face exceeding fair, 
 But sad his brow with joyless eye, cast down." 
 
 This famous passage, ending line 1117, 
 requires for the general reader a brief 
 comment. The youth here alluded to 
 is the young Marcellus, nephew of Au- 
 gustus, and son of his sister Octavia. 
 He died at the age of eighteen, univer- 
 sally esteemed and regretted. Virgil, 
 at the request of Augustus, is said to 
 have read or recited his Sixth Book in 
 the presence of him and of Octavia. 
 He was careful not to name the young 
 hero, till he came to the line Tu Mar- 
 cellus cris, when his mother was so 
 touched that she swooned away. Vir- 
 gil is said to have received from the 
 princess ten thousand sesterces for each 
 verse of this passage, — a sum, as Pro- 
 fessor Anthon observes, equal to nearly 
 §7,000. 
 
 Book VII. Line 170. 
 
 " His parents twain 
 In heaven and in the shades of Erebus," — 
 
 Venus and Anchises. 
 
 Line 628. "Claps her hands," — 
 literally, " striking her arms with her 
 palms." 
 
 Book VIII. Line 64. " From Pal- 
 las born," — Pallas, an ancestor of Evan- 
 der. 
 
 Line 128. "Great Amphitryon's 
 son," — Hercules, called also Alcides. 
 
 Book X. Line 39. 
 
 " For me, I verily believe, new wounds 
 Are yet in store." 
 
 Venus was wounded by Diomed, the 
 son of Tydeus, in the Trojan war. 
 
 Line 281. "His parent lake Bena- 
 cus," — the modern Lago di Garda. 
 
 Line 372. The line " Ultro animos 
 toll it dictis, atque increpat ultro," oc- 
 curs before, in Book IX, and is sup- 
 posed to be an interpolation in this 
 place. I have therefore omitted it. 
 
 Book XI. Line 356. "Mycenae's 
 chief himself," etc., — Agamemnon, 
 murdered by his wife Clytemnestra and 
 her lover ^Egisthus. 
 
 Line 859. 
 
 "Trampling the river-banks of Thermodon." 
 
 Symmons and Conington both accent 
 the second syllable of the word "Ther- 
 modon." Dryden has it correctly. 
 
 "Quales Threiciae, cum flumina Thermodontis 
 Pulsant." 
 
 THE END. 
 
 Cambridge : ElectrotypcJ and Printed by Welch, Bigelow, & Co 
 
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