THE 
 
 O F 
 
 Colonel H O O K E's 
 
 NEGOTIATIONS 
 
 In Scotland^ in Favour of the Pretender ; 
 in 1707. 
 
 INCLUDING THE 
 
 Original LETTERS and PAPERS 
 
 Which pa/Ted between the Scotch and Irijh 
 Lords and the Courts of VERSAILLES and 
 ST. GERMAINS.. 
 
 Never before Publifhed. 
 
 Written by HIMSELF. 
 
 With a TRANSLATION of LETTERS, 
 
 T A I N I N G 
 
 A NARRATiVE~of the Pretender's Expedition into Scot- 
 land in 1708, and his Return to Dunkirk, tranfmitted 
 to the French Court by the commanding Officers of the 
 Squadron. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for T. B E c K E T, at Tullys Head^ near Surry- 
 Street, in the Strand. 
 
 M DCC LX.
 
 THE 
 
 PREFACE, 
 
 B Y T H E 
 
 TRANSLATOR. 
 
 TH E memorials and letters, contained in 
 this volume, carry along with them 
 internal proofs of genuinenefs, fo perfectly fa- 
 tisfaftory, that every reader of common dif- 
 cernment will, without hefitation, allow them 
 to be writ by the perfons whofe names they 
 bearj though the French edition, of which 
 this is a tranflation, neither tells us in whofe 
 hands the originals are now depofited, nor by 
 whofe hands they have been, at lad, conveyed 
 to the public. 
 
 But, befides thie, Mr. Lockbart of Cam- 
 ivarth has given us, in his Memoirs of the SCOT- 
 TISH Affairs, a general account of Colonel 
 Hoocke's Negociations in Scotland, fo entirely 
 correfponding with the papers here made pub- 
 lic, that whoever perufes thofe Memoirs, will, 
 of courfe, admit the Authenticity of the pre- 
 
 A 2 - feat 
 
 20C;G842
 
 iv The PREFACE. 
 
 fent Collection. Lockbarf, as one of the lead- 
 ers of that party, with whom Hoocke. was fent 
 to treat, 'had accefs to know many particulars 
 of the negociation ; and what he fays con-^ 
 cerning the credentials produced by the Colo- 
 nel, from the Pretender and French King, 
 and concerning the treaty which he figned 
 with the Scottijh nobility *, is a ftrong collate- 
 rdl evidence, to eftablifh the credit of the pa- 
 pers in this volume. " I ihould be glad, fays 
 " this memoir writer, I were matter of a 
 " copy of thofe papers, fo that I might infer t 
 " them at large; however, I have often read 
 <c them, and this is a fhort abftract of the 
 'f moft material heads contained in them -f-." 
 
 What he would have been glad to be mafter 
 of, we now prefent to the public, and cannot 
 but be of opinion, that the papers in queftion 
 are a moft valuable acquifition to the body of 
 hiftory, and highly worthy of a tranflation in- 
 to the language of that country, againft the 
 peace and happinefs of which, the negociation 
 was undertaken. They prefent us with fuch 
 a picture of the ftate of Scotland^ at that 
 period ; they give fuch ftriking iriftances of 
 the prevalence of Jacobitifm there, amongft all 
 
 lockbart, p. 351 355. t P ; 353. 
 
 forts
 
 The P R E F A C E. v 
 
 forts of men, and perfuafions, that our furprize 
 to find that the fcheme of introducing the Pre- 
 tender was then defeated and difappointed,canbe 
 equalled only by the fatisfadion we now muft 
 feel, when, thank God, circumftances are fo 
 greatly changed. Far from apprehending any 
 new attempt from Scotland in favour of the 
 Pretender, or from dreading any longer, the 
 fecret negociations of French emiflaries in that 
 long-deluded country, we have, in the courfe 
 of the prefent war, found that the defendants 
 of thofe who, fifty years ago, had gone fuch 
 lengths to overturn the conftitution, are fit to 
 be trufted in its defence ; nay have made ample 
 amends for paft infidelities, by fervices which 
 give them no inconfiderable (hare in thofe tri- 
 umphs that will adorn the annals of our 
 times, and have raifed the glory of the united 
 kingdom (united in every fenfe of the word) 
 to a height which former periods of our hif- 
 tory have never attained to. 
 
 Whatever be the caufe of the happy coali- 
 tion of parties in defence of our excellent efta- 
 blifhment j whether Jacobitifm has died a vio- 
 lent or a natural death ; whether it has been 
 ixcrn out by length of time, or been extin- 
 guifted by repeated difappointments ; whether 
 
 punifh-
 
 *i The PREFACE. 
 
 punifhmcnts have terrified^ or lenity hath over* 
 come the difaffedled ; whether the caufe of the 
 Pretender has been abandoned as a pernicious 
 one with regard to the public, or been given 
 up as a defpcrate one, with regard to its adhe- 
 rents ; in a word, whether mercenary views of 
 private inter eft ^ or laudable motives ofconvitfion 
 have opened men's eyes ; whatever, 1 fay, be 
 the caufe (perhaps all the above-mentioned 
 have operated) the fadt is certain, that we have 
 lived to fee this much wifhed for event, the 
 extinction of a party which watched to over- 
 turn the conftitution, and abfurdly preferred the 
 fupport of hereditary right, to the fafety of 
 their liberties and religion. 
 
 We flatter ourfelves, therefore, that the dc- 
 fcendants of thofe noble families, mentioned in 
 the courfe of this work, as correfponding with 
 the Pretender, can have no reafon to blufli at 
 the fads we now reveal ; nor can the malice 
 of narrow-minded party attempt to fix on them 
 the imputation of thofe political tenets adopted 
 by their ancefbrs, who were cotemporaries with 
 the ba.nimment of the abjured family, and who 
 lived before the fucceflion to the crown was fully 
 fettled. Were all the repofitoriesof the court of S/. 
 Germain* to be laid open, and the curious MSS. 
 
 pre-
 
 The PREFACE. vii 
 
 preferved, as we are told, in the Scottijh college 
 at Paris, to fee the light, we mould find, that 
 the Pretender, in thofe times when Hoocke ne- 
 gociated in Scotland ^ had correfpondents in 
 other parts of this ifland, as hearty in his 
 caufe, as thofe whofe tranfactions are here dif- 
 clofed ; though, perhaps, their ftations, employ- 
 ments, and profeffions, rendered fuch corre- 
 fpondence more criminal in itfelf, as it was 
 more dangerous to the public, than the impo- 
 tent efforts of the nonjuring lords of Scotland, 
 It feemed necefTary to make this remark, to 
 obviate all national reflections , or abufe on par- 
 ticular families, to which the publication of the 
 prefent work, might give rife. Jt can no 
 more reflect dimonour on any perfon now liv- 
 ing, to fay that his father, or relations were 
 Jacobites fifty years ago, than it can reflect any 
 difcredit on the kingdom in general, to fay, that 
 about two hundred years ago, we were all Pa- 
 fijis, 
 
 It may be proper to add only a few 
 words with regard to Mr. Hoocke. He is well 
 known to have been born in England, of a re- 
 fpectable family. He followed the fortunes of 
 King Barnes II. after the Revolution ; went into 
 the French fervice ; was a Colonel in it, when 
 fent to Scotland to execute the negociation relat- 
 
 3 ed
 
 The P R E F A C E'. 
 
 ed in this book ; he returned with the Pretender 
 to the fame country in 1708, as a Brigadier *> 
 and rofe to be a Lieutenant-General before his 
 death. Lockhart y though he gives fufficient 
 teftimony to his abilities (and the memorials 
 preferved in this volume, mew that his abili- 
 ties were far from being defpicable) indulges 
 himfelf in fome fatirical touches, with regard 
 to the foibles of his character. Whether thefe 
 touches werejuftor no, is of little confequence 
 to the world j though, perhaps, we may be 
 lefs apt to pay much attention to any of Lock- 
 hart^ accounts concerning Mr. Hoocke, when 
 we reflect that, in his Memoirs, he tells us *^ 
 that the Duke of Hamilton* party, amongft 
 whom he ranks himfelf, were neglected by the 
 Colonel, who chofe to carry on his negociation 
 with another fet of Jacobites, in preference to 
 them. 
 
 The extreme incorrectnefs of the French 
 edition which we were obliged to make tife of, 
 particularly with regard to the proper names, 
 will, we are perfuaded, give this tranflation a 
 great advantage over the Original in the opinion 
 of every reader ; becaufe we have attempted 
 to rectify thofe miftakes, and, we hope, we 
 have fucceeded tolerably well in the attempt. 
 
 * Lockhart, p. 350* 
 
 A
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 CONCERNING THE 
 
 Advantages that will refult to FRANCE 
 in fupporting a Rebellion in SCOT- 
 LAND, prefented to the Court by 
 Col. HOOCKE in 1707. 
 
 B

 
 ( 3 ) 
 
 THE 
 
 PLAN 
 
 O F 
 
 MILITARY OPERATIONS 
 
 FOR THE 
 EXPEDITION to SCOTLAND. 
 
 TH E Scottifli Lords oblige themfelves, to 
 make all their nation take arms for the 
 reftoration of cheir K. (the Chevalier de 
 St. George) and to raife an army of 25,000 foot, 
 and 5,000 horfe and dragoons, the regiments to 
 be formed of chofen men, and alfo to furnifh them 
 with accoutrements, provifions and carriages for all 
 their marches, and to caufe them march directly 
 for England. They have given in a particular ac- 
 count of the means by which they can accomplifh 
 this, and as they have much to lofe, the firft and 
 the richeft Lords of the nation being engaged in 
 the defign, they may fafely be trufted. 
 
 B 2 They
 
 ( 4 ) 
 
 They affirm that they will be joined in England 
 by a very confiderable party of Englifh, with whom 
 they keep a correfpondence ; and, as England is at 
 prefent deftitute of troops, without one Tingle fort- 
 refs, and full of all kinds of provifions, they will 
 draw from thence, befides their necefiary fupplies, 
 confiderable contributions, after the example of 
 their forefathers, who, in 1639, (befides provifions 
 for the fubfiftence of their army) drew 12,000 livres 
 a day from the three northern counties of England, 
 which are the pooreft of the whole kingdom. 
 
 Nothing could hinder them from making them- 
 felves mailers of the city of Newcaftle, and of its 
 coal mines, which are fo neceflary for firing in 
 London, that the inhabitants of that place could 
 not be deprived of them for fix weeks without be- 
 ing reduced to the greateft extremity. 
 
 As the Scots advanced in England, their army 
 would be augmented by the Englim malecontents, 
 who are very numerous, and by the faithful fub- 
 jec"b of the lawful K , fo that they hope to make 
 themfelves mafters of the greateft part of the king- 
 dom, and even of the city of London, which wou'd 
 be a decifive ftroke, before the Princefs Anne could 
 tranfport her troops over from Flanders , and even 
 Although (he fliould bring them over, as more than 
 one half of them are Scotch and Irifh, it is not 
 doubted but thefe would join the Scottifh army if it 
 were commanded by their lawful K---. 
 
 It appears from the Hiftory.of England, that 
 there has almoft never been a Pretender who was 
 not acknowledged King when he went thither with 
 an army; witnefs, among other examples, Henry VI. 
 and Edward IV. who, in the (pace of three months, 
 6 were
 
 ( 5 ) 
 
 were twice expelled and twice acknowledged Kings 
 in the city of London. 
 
 The Scots are certain that Ireland waits only for 
 their example to take arms, and the inhabitants a- 
 lone of the r.orth of Ireland, who are Scot?, will di- 
 rectly furnifh 20,000 men compleatly armed under 
 a commander of great reputation among them, 
 who has thereto engaged himfelf. But the Scotiilh 
 Lords, before they declare themfelves, abfolutely 
 infift that their K mould come and put himfelf 
 at their head, and fay that his prefence is necef- 
 fary to fecure the fucccfs of the undertaking, and 
 put the Princefs Anne out of a condition of main- 
 taining herfelf on the throne in oppofition to the 
 lawful K i becaule the moil fen fible part of the 
 fubjects of the three kingdoms will then look upon 
 his reftoration as the only means of eviting civil 
 wars, with which they are threatened by the great 
 number of Princes who have a right to the crown 
 with the houfe of Hanover; and thus the expedi- 
 tion will not be looked upon as a conqueft, but as 
 an act of juftice, which will reftorethe publick tran- 
 quillity. And although even the Princefs Anne 
 fhould be in a condition to meafure her forces with 
 thofe of her brother, which is not in the leafl. pro- 
 bable, and that Ihe fliould be fo fuccefsful even as 
 to drive the Scottifh army into their own country, 
 as it is inacceffible, fhe will fbll be obliged to ( keep 
 the fame number of troops to watch the Scots, which 
 will render it i mpc; {fible lor her to fc: d troops to 
 Flanders or eifewhere. 
 
 As the Scots are at prefent whol'y united, they 
 will be ftrong enough to reitore their K , firft in 
 Scotland, and afterwards in England, excepting 
 that it will be [icctiTary to have a body of troops 
 
 B ,; for
 
 , ( 6 ) 
 
 for his protection upon his arrival, till the national 
 army fliall be afiembled in the field, when they con- 
 fent to fend back the troops if the King ihould 
 defire it, or an equal number of their Countrymen. 
 They require, if his Majefty pleafes, that their K-^- 
 Ihould be accompanied with 5000 men. They 
 would prefer the Irifa troops that ferve in France, 
 as being moft accuftomed to their manner of liv- 
 ing and fpeaking the two languages of their coun- 
 try. There are in the King's army in Flanders two 
 Irilh battalions, to which might be joined fix other 
 battalions, German, Walloon, or French, and a 
 regiment of dragoons on foot, whom the Scots 
 will fupply with horfes upon their arrival. They 
 defire a general of noble birth, that the firft peers of 
 their nation may make no fcruple of obeying him. 
 They would wifh to have the Marfhal Duke of Ber- 
 wick, or any other whom his Majefty pleafes. 
 They require likewife fome general officers, and as 
 many half- pay officers as poffible to be fent them. 
 Befides 600,000 livres to put them in a condition 
 to begin the war. 
 
 -o 
 
 They have demanded arms for 30,000 men, but 
 they will be content with 15,000 ftand of arms for 
 the foot, and 5000 for horfe or dragoons, with a 
 promife that the other 10,000 mall be fent them in 
 a fhort time; gun-powder neceflary for 30,000 men, 
 *sbecaufe they have at prefent almoft no powder in 
 Scotland ; but a fmaller quantity of balls will be fuf- 
 ficient, as they have plenty of lead in the country. 
 A train of field-pieces, with fix battering cannon, 
 four mortars, bombs, bullets, and grenadoes will alfo 
 be needed. They likewife demand a fubfidy, but 
 this they leave to the King's pleafure : but as the ex- 
 pedition will not be of long continuance, there 
 need not be any difficulty as to this point. 
 
 The 

 
 ( 7 ) 
 
 The moft fure and fecret means of tranfporting 
 thele fupplies to Scotland, is to equip twenty frigates 
 from 20 to 40 guns, at Breft, Rochfort, Port 
 Louis, Havre, and Dunkirk , and, under pretence 
 of a long voyage, to put fix months provifions 
 on board, which will be fufficient for the troops 
 during their paffage to Scotland, and to caufe the 
 arms and ammunition to be put en board at differ- 
 ent ports distributing them equally on board each 
 frigate according to their burthen. That the whoie 
 armament be ready in the month of September, 
 when the frigates which have been equipped at 
 different ports mall feparate'y repair to Dunkirk. 
 While the frigates are equipping, orders mail be 
 fent to the garrifons of the places neareft Dunkirk, 
 fuch as Bergues, Gravelines, Calais, and St. Omer, 
 to hold themfelves in readinefs to march to the ar- 
 my, or to other places which might be expreffed 
 in the order, as if it were defigned to change the 
 garrifons, which may afterwards ferve as a pretext 
 for marching to the fame place by different routes, 
 the eight battalions and the regiment of dragoons 
 deftined for the embarkation ; and when they mall 
 be within a day's march of Dunkirk, they fhall 
 receive orders to repair thither, and their march 
 fhall be fo calculated, that they fhall arrive there 
 immediately after the arrival of the frigates on 
 board of which they are to embark. Thefe 20 
 frigates may carry, one with another, 250 each ; 
 and the embarkation may be made in two days, 
 which they are ready to demonftrate. This me- 
 thod of tranfporting the troops, being quite new, 
 would not be fufpected till the moment of the em- 
 barkation. 
 
 Caie flixild be taken that the K of England 
 fhould com.- poft at the fame time, but wirh a few 
 
 B 4 atten-
 
 C 8 ) 
 
 attendants, and without any retinue, becaufc they 
 mould take the pains before-hand to prepare at Dun- 
 kirk, or fome neighbouring city, all that mould be 
 neceffary for him. The enemy feldom have any 
 fquadron in the courfe between Dunkirk and Scot- 
 land, efpecially at that feafon ; and the frigates 
 may fail from Dunkirk to the frith of Edinburgh 
 in two days, if the wind be favourable. The land- 
 ing at Leith, within a quarter of a league of Edin- 
 burgh, is fure and eafy, and the King*s frigates 
 would there be quite fafe. The Scottifh Lords, for the 
 reafons mentioned in the memorial, have preferred 
 this place to any other for the landing-place. The 
 K of England will be received and proclaimed 
 without oppofition in the city of Edinburgh, which 
 will be followed by all the other cities. The Scot- 
 tifh Lords are then refolved to caufe the leading 
 men of the party, devoted to the court of Eng- 
 land, to be made prifoncrs, or to fend them to 
 France. 
 
 If arms and ammunition are fent only to the Pref- 
 byterians of Scotland to make them rife, as they have 
 offered, the fined opportunity in the world will be 
 loft; for the Prefbyterians alone will not attack Eng- 
 land, nor will they be able to make themfelves 
 matters of Scotland \ and the Scottish Lords will 
 not put themfelves at their head, running the ha- 
 Jfcard of being feized in their own houfes by orders 
 of the court of England upon the firft commotion ; 
 whereas if the infurrection be made general, it will 
 be out of the power of the Englifh to prevent its 
 taking effect. 
 
 A little reflection will clearly (hew, that it is the 
 moft glorious undertaking, the moft ufeful, and 
 even the moft neceflary that his Majefty, in the pre- 
 
 fent
 
 ( 9 ) 
 
 fent juncture, could form. This fingle diverfion 
 will infallibly overturn all the fchemes of the ene- 
 my. It will force the Englifh inftantly to recall 
 the troops and (hips which they employ in different 
 countries againft his Majefty, and will put it out 
 of the pqwer of that kingdom to furnifli the large 
 fums to it's allies, who are thereby enabled to fup- 
 port the war. It will entirely deftroy the credit of 
 the exchequer- bills, and of the commerce of the 
 city of London, upon which all the fums employed 
 againft his Majefty are advanced : And as the princi- 
 pal ftrength ot the enemy confifts in the credit oPthe 
 city of London, when England fliall be attacked 
 at home, it will be out of her power to iupport her 
 allies abroad, which will foon force the Dutch, upon 
 whom alone the weight of the war svill fa'l, to afk 
 a peace of his Majefty. 
 
 It would b> needlefs to enlarge further to prove 
 advantages fo great and fo ftriking , but as the 
 difficulty of furnifhing the fupplies is the only ob- 
 jection that can be made, on account of the im- 
 menfe expence which his Majefty is at prefent en- 
 gaged in, to judge of this right, we need only 
 balance on one fide the lofs which his Majefty 
 would fuffer in depriving himfelf of a fmall num- 
 ber of troops, and of the fum neceffary for the un- 
 dertaking, with the arms and ammunition which 
 the Scots demand, againft the great advantages 
 which he would receive by granting their requeft; 
 and to confider that when the Scots have taken 
 arms they will render it lefs neceflary for his Maje- 
 fty to be at great expence in Flanders and eliewhere, 
 and by this means alone he will become fuperior 
 every where. 
 
 1 1.ere
 
 There is another very important reflection to be 
 made upon the necefiity of this undertaking, which is, 
 that it is well known that while the Englifti are not 
 attacked athome,they are firmly refolved to continue 
 the war till they have fettled the archduke upon the 
 throne of Spain and the Indies, which is the true 
 caufe of the prefent war. That the Dutch are in 
 the fame refolution, bccaufe the principal ftrength 
 of thefe two maritime powers confifts in the trade 
 which they carry on with the Indies, whither the 
 Spaniards carry their manufactures and their com- 
 modities, for which they bring them back gold 
 and filver , and this commerce they think will not 
 be permitted them while the king of Spain (Philip 
 V.) is upon" the throne. Therefore their defign is 
 either to force the Spaniards to receive the archduke, 
 or oblige his Majefty to recall the King of Spain by 
 attacking France by fea and land, in order to pene- 
 trate into the kingdom, as they attempt at pre- 
 fent in Provence, in hopes of putting his Majefty 
 out of a condition to continue the war, by exhauft- 
 ing both his men and money, they themfelves be- 
 lieving that they have more refources for continu- 
 ing the war. For thefe reafons it is concluded, 
 that' if the expedition to Scotland mould be much 
 more expenfive than is propofed, it ought to be 
 looked upon as necefiary, and as a certain means 
 of getting quit of all embarraffments, of preferring 
 the King of Spain upon the throne, and of putting' 
 his* Majefty in a condition of making a glorious 
 peace this winter.
 
 ( II ) 
 
 A LETTER of Colonel Hoocke to Mr-, de Cha- 
 
 millart. 
 S I R, 
 
 IN obedience to your orders, I take the liberty to 
 prefent to you the ftate in which I left the af- 
 fairs of Scotland. Upon my arrival in that coun- 
 try, I found all the nation extremely exafperated a- 
 gainft the Englifh, even to a degree that I cannot 
 exprefs. All the different interefls of the parties 
 were in a manner laid afleep, and everyone thought 
 of nothing but of fnaking off the yoke of England. 
 
 The greateft part of Scotland has always been 
 well affecled to the K- of England. The Prefbyte- 
 rians, his antient enemies, even wifhforhim at pre- 
 fent ; and as they look upon him as their only re- 
 fource, they offer to arm 13,000 men, and to be- 
 gin the war upon the firft orders that they receive. 
 They require only a fhip loaded with gun-powder, 
 and a promife that the K of England will go and 
 put himfclf at the head of his friends in Scotland. 
 I have feen a great number of principal lords who 
 are all of the fame opinion. Being aflured that 
 there will be an univerfal rifing in Scotland, they 
 have drawn up a memorial addrefied to the King, in 
 which they give an account of the ftate of their na- 
 tion. 1 hey have taken the inftru&ions which you, 
 Sir, had the good nefs to give me, for their rule, and 
 they have anfwered them article by article. They 
 oblige themfelves to march into England at the 
 head of 30,000 men, whom they will fupply with 
 provifions, clothes, carriages, and even in part with 
 arms. 
 
 You
 
 You will find, Sir, their memorial at the end of 
 my narrative. It is figned by 1 3 of the chiefs, in 
 the name of the whole nation, but more particu- 
 larly in the name of 30 others who had appointed 
 them their proxies. They are the richeft and moft 
 powerful chiefs of that kingdom, who in all proba- 
 bility muft be well aflured of the fuccefs of the en- 
 terprize they undertake, as they thereby hazard their 
 lives and their families. They were all unanimous, 
 excepting the duke of Hamilton, and a lord a 
 friend of his, who were of another opinion. You 
 will find in my narrative evident proofs that this 
 duke does not aft fincerely, and he is neither rich 
 nor powerful. 
 
 In their memorial you will find the fums which 
 they will furnifh every year, and what they de- 
 mand to put them in a condition to ac~r. They 
 refer themlelves to the king, as to the number of 
 troops and the money that will be neceflfary for them. 
 They do not afk any troops to be employed in the 
 war, but only ( to enable them with fafety to take 
 the field, and' to protect the perfon of the K- of 
 England at his landing, {ill they fhould be able to 
 join him. 
 
 As their memorial is fhort, it cannot be abridg- 
 ed. In their memorial they refer themfelves to me 
 IQ many things, as to the place for the landing, 
 the proper fituations for their magazines, the mea- 
 fures which they have already taken to keep them- 
 felves in readinefs to execute the orders of the king, 
 the beft methods for tranfporting the fupplies, the 
 number of troops which each of them obi ges him- 
 felf to furnifh, &c. I have executed thefe com- 
 miffions in a few words towards the end of my 
 
 narrative,
 
 narrative, under the title of a Memorial of the Scot- 
 tifh Lords to the King. 
 
 I am fully perfuaded that they are in a condition 
 to do more than they have promifed. Several of 
 them have done themfelves the honour to write 
 with their own hand to the king ; they have fign- 
 ed their letters, and have fealed them with their 
 arms, and their fubfcriptions at the bottom of their 
 memorial teftify their zeal, for they thereby hazard 
 their all. 
 
 By the letters which I have received from that 
 country, it appears that every thing is ready. I 
 have had the happinefs to engage that whole nation 
 in the fervice of the king -, and at the fame time 
 I have not in the leaft brought any engagement up- 
 on his Majefty. If he thinks proper to profecute 
 this enterprize, I will anfwer, that in a fhort time 
 the Englifh will be in no condition to furnim ei- 
 ther troops or money to the enemy, and that they 
 will accept of peace, on the terms that his Majefty 
 fhall be pleafed to prefcribe to them. 
 
 Whatever be the ifiue, 1 flatter myfelf that the 
 King vviil approve of my zeal, and the great ha- 
 zards to which I have expofed myfelf for his fer- 
 vice ; and I take this opportunity humbly to requeft 
 you, Sir, to procure me a fettlement which may 
 put me in a condition to continue my fervices. 
 You have had the goodnefs to make me hope for 
 one, and you can never patronize a man who is 
 with fo much refpect and attachment as I am, 
 Sir, 
 
 Your moft humble, 
 and moft obedient, 
 
 and moft devoted Servant, 
 
 (Signed) HOOCKE-
 
 ( H ) 
 
 A N AR R ATIVE of the Execution of the Orders 
 of the King trufted to Mr. Hoocke in his fecond 
 Voyage to Scotland, delivered by himfelf to Mr. 
 de Chamillart, Minifter of TVar^ and Secretary of 
 State, zgth July, 1707. 
 
 IMMEDIATELY upon receiving the King's or- 
 ders in the month of January laft, to hold my- 
 felf in readinefs <to go over to Scotland for his fer- 
 vice, I wrote to the duke of Hamilton, begging 
 of him to give notice to the well-affected of my 
 journey, and that I was to bring them arms and 
 ammunition. This refolution being foon after 
 changed, and new orders being given to me to go 
 over to that country only to treat with the princi- 
 pal men of the nation, I likewife acquainted the 
 duke of Hamilton with this, and entreated him to 
 concert every thing before-hand with the other chiefs, 
 who were then affembled to attend the parliament, 
 and to fend fome one wellinftrucled, and fully au- 
 thorifed from them to wait upon me at the Earl of 
 Errors the Lord high Conftable, where I was to land, 
 and to whom alfo I gave notice of my journey. 
 
 I had orders to carry along with me Mr. Moray, 
 Lieutenant-colonel in the King's fervice, who had 
 already been in that country by-his Majefty's or- 
 daj;s, and one of his brothers, who was then in 
 France on his particular affairs. Thefe two gentle- 
 men being of one of the beft families in Scotland, 
 were judged proper to facilitate the affair ; efpeci- 
 ally the laft, who having come to France with the 
 permiffion of the Scottifh government, was at liber- 
 ty to go openly every where upon his return, which 
 I could only do in fecret. 
 
 Having
 
 ( 15 ) 
 
 Having proceeded to Dunkirk with thefe two 
 gentlemen, we were detained there a whole month 
 by contrary winds, fo that I entreated the brother 
 of Mr. Moray to go to Oflend or to Holland, and 
 to go over to England in the packet-boat, or in the 
 firft veflel that fhould fail for that country, to go 
 pod for Edinburgh, and difpofe the well-affected 
 for my arrival. Some time after, the weather hav- 
 ing become more favourable, I embarked with Mr. 
 Moray on board the King's frigate the Heroine, 
 commanded by Mr. de Ligondes, and the fifth day 
 after I arrived at Slains, a caftle of the Earl of Er- 
 rol, hereditary High Conftable of Scotland, in the 
 northern part of the county of Aberdeen. 
 
 I always was, and ftill am ready to execute blind- 
 ly all the orders of the King, but I undertook that 
 journey fo much themore willingly, becaufefrom my 
 knowledge of the ifland of Great Britain, 1 am well 
 allured that a revolution in Scotland would abfo- 
 lutely put the Englifh out of a condition to fupport 
 the expences of the war, and would oblige them to 
 fue for peace in a very fhort time. 
 
 Notw'thftanding I was trufted with very ample 
 powers, I neverthelefs thought it beft for the fer- 
 vice of the king on this occafion, to apply myfelf 
 earneftly to engage the S^ots as far as 1 could, 
 and at the fame time engage the King to nothing ; 
 and during that journey, I thought only of the 
 means of accomplifhing this purpofe. Upon my 
 arrival in Scotland, I found that the Union had 
 been ratified by the parliament, to the great difcon- 
 tentand hearty diflike of the nation ; and that all the 
 peers and other Lords, together with the members 
 of parliament, had returned to the country, their 
 prdinary refidence, (for in Scotland only the 
 5 mer-
 
 ( 16 ) 
 
 merchants and fome lawyers make their conftant 
 abode in the cities) and that there remained only 
 at Edinburgh the High Conftable, the Duke of 
 Hamilton, and the Lord Marfhal, the two laft 
 being dangeroufly ill. 
 
 The Countefs of Enrol, mother to the High Con- 
 ftable, who had come on purpofe to the caftle on the 
 fea coift to wait upon me, put into my hands feveral 
 letters of her fon, in which he teftified a great im- 
 patience to fee me, adding, that all the well-affect- 
 ed would exert themfelves to the utmoft on this 
 occafion, as their laft refource, being perfuaded, 
 that at the worft they would obtain better condi- 
 tions fword in hand than thofe of the Union. She 
 told me alfo that the Duke of Hamilton had fent 
 Mr. Hall a prieft and his'confident to her, and that 
 he had waited for me a month. She gave me a 
 letter from him, in which Mr. Hall informs me, 
 that the Duke of Hamilton entreats me to come to 
 him at Edinburgh, where he would take care that 
 1 fhould be well lodged ; that he would truft him- 
 felf to none but me only ; that he and all his friends 
 are ready to rifk every thing for the K - of Eng- 
 land, provided that Prince comes in perfon ; that 
 without his prefence there will be nothing done j 
 that if the fatigue of the voyage hinder me from 
 ^beginning my journey directly, the Duke begs of 
 me to fend him the letters which I may have for 
 him. 
 
 The Countefs of Errol at the fame time told me, 
 that fhe advifed me not to be in great hafte ; that the 
 Duke of Hamilton's affairs were greatly altered 
 within a few months paft ; that all the world had 
 abandoned him, and all the well-affected had 
 come to an open rupture with him j that the only 
 
 man
 
 man that ftuck by him was Lord Kilfyth, the 
 high conftable, and great marmal alfo obferving 
 fome meafures with him on account of their ancient 
 intimacy ; that he had been fufpecled of holding a 
 correfpondence with the court of London ; theie- 
 fore, that I would do well to be upon my guard 
 before 1 trufttd much to him, and that the high 
 conftable her fon would tell me more. 
 
 Her reafons prevailed upon me ; and befides I was 
 not in a good ft ate of health to go to Edinburgh, 
 having been indifpofed fince I had left Verfailles, 
 and being much out of order with my voyage. I 
 therefore defir'd M. de Ligondes to go to Norway, and 
 came back to the coaft at the end of three weeks. 
 The fame day I difpatched a meflenger to the high 
 conftable and to Mr. Hall. Of the firft, I afked 
 advice, how it were beft for me to act; and I inform- 
 ed the latter that after I had taken fome reft I intend- 
 ed to come and wait upon the duke of Hamilton. 
 I begged of him to inform him of my arrival, and 
 that 1 had a letter for him from the k of Eng- 
 land, and that I would wait the return of the mef- 
 fenger, to know the meafures he had taken to fee 
 me, and to render my abode at Edinburgh fafe. 
 The meflenger returned the fifth day after with the 
 anfwers. The conftable begged of me to wait for 
 him at the caftle, promifing to be there in the end 
 of the week. Mr. Hall informed me that the duke 
 of Hamilton was fo bad that he could not yet fee 
 him, but that I would have an anfwer from him by 
 the high conftable. While I waited the arrival of 
 the high conftable, I fent a mefienger to lord Drum- 
 mond, fecond fon of the duke of Perth, who was 
 then in that country, and after having informed my- 
 felf of thofe among the lords of the weft and north- 
 weft of Scotland, *vho had moft confidence in him, 
 
 C I
 
 I begged of him to go and wait upon them, andta 
 prepare them for a conference with me, and I gave 
 him a copy of the inftructions, which I had receiv- 
 ed from M. de Chamillart. It contained queftions 
 concerning the particular circumftances of the na- 
 tion, and of the things that would be needed in the 
 expedition. I gave him likewife a copy of the let- 
 ter which the k of England had written to all 
 his friends in general, in which he allured them of 
 his refolution to come and put himfelf at their head ; 
 and to this I added a fhort writing, in which I re- 
 prefented the extremity to which the nation was re- 
 duced -, I touched upon the different interefts of the 
 principal families of Scotland ; I propofed fome ex- 
 pedients for reconciling them, exhorting them to 
 put an end to all their quarrels and animofities ; I 
 laid before them the dangers to which they expofed 
 themfelves, and the impofiibility of delivering them- 
 felves from flavery while thefe jealoufies fubfifted. 
 
 After this young lord was gone, I fent another mef- 
 fenger to the laird of Boyn, who in the parliament had 
 yigoroufly oppofed the Union : As he is a confidant 
 of the duke of Athol, I entreated him upon his ar- 
 rival to go and wait upon the duke, and ibme other 
 lords of his acquaintance, and I gave him the fame 
 inftructions that I had given to lord John Drum- 
 rrupnd. I likewife difpatched a mefienger to the duke 
 of Gordon, who was at one of his caftles in the 
 orth, and to the laird of Goxtoun his neighbour, to 
 prepare every thing in their quarters to be able to 
 enter upon the bufmefs at my arrival among them ; 
 for I found it was abfolutely necefiary that 1 mould 
 hazard myfelf in travelling over a great part of the 
 kingdom. As the chief men of the nation were 
 difperfed over the different counties, I had a defign 
 to divide the country into two circuits, to vifit one 
 
 myfelf*
 
 C 19 ) 
 
 myfelf, and to defire Mr. Moray to go through the 
 other. 
 
 Lord Saltoun, a chief of one of the branches of 
 the houfe of Frazer, coming in the mean time to 
 vifit the countefs of Errol, aflured me of his 
 zeal, and defired me to be upon my guard againft 
 the duke of Hamilton. He told me that he be- 
 lieved he was in the intereft of the court of London ; 
 that he had for a long time pad held a correfpond- 
 ence with the duke of Queenfberry and the earl of 
 Stairs, who are at the head of the party for the 
 Union ; that he had carefully concealed that corref- 
 pondence, and had broken all the meafures of the 
 well- affected ; that after the ratification of the Union 
 in the parliament, he had ufed his utmoft efforts to 
 get himfelf elected one of the peers to fit in the firft 
 parliament of Great- Britain j and although he had 
 condefcended to the greateft meanneffes, yet he had 
 been unanimously rejected as a candidate. Lord 
 Saltoun added, that I would be informed of all this 
 more particularly from the high conftable, and he 
 authorized that lord to fign in his name every thing 
 that mould be fettled with me for the fervice 6f the 
 k of England, and for the welfare of Scotland. 
 
 The high conftable came to his caftle at the time 
 he had fixed, and I found him very much dhTatif- 
 'fied with the duke of Hamilton. He told me, that 
 the duke for two months paft had teftified the ut- 
 moft impatience to fee me, but that he no fooner 
 heard of my arrival than he changed his tone. He 
 faid that I had come too late, and that the animofity 
 of the nation againft the Englifh was greatly abated. 
 Mr. Hall had made a miftake in decyphering my 
 letter, for inftead of explaining that I had letters 
 from the king, and the k of England for the 
 C 2 duke,
 
 ( 20 ) 
 
 duke, he wrote that the letters were from the king 
 and the queen, upon which the duke* of Hamilton 
 cried out that his letters of two years date were plainly 
 not agreeable to the k , and that as his majefty 
 had r.ot written to him, it was a proof that he wimed 
 him not to be concerned in the affair ; that for the 
 time to come, therefore, he would think only of the 
 means of fecuring his own fafety. 
 
 The earl of Errol added, that all this was only 
 a pretext which the duke ufed to cover his fecretde- 
 figns ; that for fome time pafl he had endeavoured 
 to perfuade his friends that there was nothing to be 
 expected from the king, that his majefty was pre- 
 vented by the ftate of his affairs from thinking upon 
 them, and that if he appeared difpofed to do any 
 thing, it was only with a view to rid himfelf of the 
 k of England before the peace, or to excufe him- 
 felf from doing any other thing for that prince, in 
 cafe his fubjecls mould refufe to receive him with a 
 few troops ; that the nation therefore mould take 
 fome other meafures for fecuring its liberties and in- 
 dependancy. 
 
 This difcourfe, he faid, had given great offence to 
 many, and that his fecret intrigues with the duke 
 of Queenibury, and the earl of Stairs (which lord 
 S^ltoun had already given me a hint of) had encreafed 
 their diftruft j that the duke of Athol was the firft 
 who difcovered that intrigue, with which he re- 
 proached the duke of Hamilton, who at firft de- 
 nied it , but the duke of Athol proving it plainly, 
 the other was at length forced to confefs it, entreat- 
 ing the duke of Athol to believe that he had no 
 other defign but to intimidate or gain the two chiefs 
 of the Englifh faction ; that this excufe having gi- 
 ven fadsfadion to nobody, the well -affected had 
 
 dropped
 
 C 21 ) 
 
 dropped all intercourfe with him ; that the duke of 
 Athol continued (till to treat with him, till he had 
 propofed in parliament to agree to the fucceflion of 
 Hanover, provided the Englifh would defift from 
 prefimg the Union ; that then the duke of Athol 
 openly broke with him, bting perfuaded the duke 
 of Hamilton had only made that motion in hopes 
 that if the \vell-affe6ted had agreed to it, that proceed- 
 ing would have made them lofe all their credit with 
 the people, who wifh only for the k of England. 
 
 That when all the counties, and all the cities of 
 Scotland declared againft the Union, by their ad- 
 dreflcs to the parliament, the prefbyterians of the 
 weft of Scotland, who are all armed, fent to inform 
 the duke of Hamilton, that they were preparing to 
 march to Edinburgh to difperfe the parliament ; that 
 if he thought the enterprife too bold, he need not 
 concern himfelf with it, but only leave them to aft ; 
 and that the duke had charged them not to make 
 any difturbance, faying, it was not yet time. 
 
 The earl of Strathmore, lord Stormont, and the 
 lairds of Pourie and Finglas, have fince told me, 
 that they made him the fame offer from the mires 
 of Angus and Perth, and that he gave them the 
 fame anfwer. And the laird of Keriland, one of 
 the chief men among the prefbyterians, has alfo af- 
 fured me, that he and the laird of Bifhopftoun had 
 carried the meflage from the weft- country prefby- 
 terians to the duke, and that he had put a flop to 
 their riling. 
 
 The earl of Errol would never open himfelf to 
 me as to his opinion of the conduft and defigqs of 
 the duke of Hamilton. He begged of me only to 
 make the beft ufe I could of what he had told me, 
 
 C 3 not
 
 ( 22 ) 
 
 not to neglect the duke, but at the fame time to 
 be upon my guard, becaufe he was impenetrable , 
 and to conceal from him all that I tranfacted with 
 the other lords. 
 
 I afked him, how the duke, who was neither rich, 
 nor powerful in the number of his vafTals, had ac- 
 quired fo great a credit with the people. The ear} 
 of Errol aniwered, that by means of the dutchefs 
 dowager of Hamilton his mother, he had acquired 
 great credit among the prefbyterians ; but that his. 
 late refufal to permit them to arm had entirely loft 
 him their favour, and that they had fince addrefTed 
 themfelves to the dukes of Gordon and Athol. 
 That the greateft credit of the duke of Hamilton 
 was owing to the court of St. Germain, feveral or- 
 ders having come from thence to the friends of the 
 k of England, to do nothing without him, and 
 that thofe orders had been repeated on occafion of 
 my voyage. Asa proof of this he gave me a letter 
 pt Mr. Innes, almoner to the queen of England*, 
 dated the i7th of laft January, in which after re- 
 lating that I was foon to go over to Scotland, he 
 adds thefe words. ' The k of England defires 
 
 * that his friends would follow the directions of the 
 
 * duke of Hamilton, and not declare themfelves 
 ' till the duke has declared himfelf, when they may 
 ' without danger follow his example.' 
 
 The earl added, that he had feen a letter written 
 by Mr. Stairs, fecretary to lord Middleton, to a per- 
 fon in Edinburgh, in which he informs him of my 
 voyage ; that the king will do nothing for the Scots j 
 and that my journey is only a feint ; and he names 
 the two gentlemen that were to come with me. The 
 
 * The k of England always employs Mr. Innes to give 
 his orders to the Scots. 
 
 great
 
 ( 23 ) 
 
 great con ftable (hewed me another letter of the ift 
 of March, which one would have belieVed to have 
 been written exprefsly to prevent the well-affected 
 from anfwering the goodnefs of the k , or from 
 taking any meafures. It pofitively mentions that 
 they have nothing to hope for, that they are greatly 
 pitied, and advifes them to think of their own iecu- 
 rity. I have feen other letters from St. Germain to 
 the fame purpofe. 
 
 By this turn of affairs, I now foon expected to 
 fee the fecret discovered ; but I was extremely fur- 
 prifed to find that what has happened almoft cuts 
 off the only refource they had left. I begged the 
 earl of Errol to fupprefs the letter of the ift of 
 March ; and I refolved to take advantage of that 
 which defires the friends of the k of England to 
 regulate their conduct by the duke of Hamilton. I 
 faw the nation ready to come to the laft extremities to 
 prevent the Union, that they only waited for a leader, 
 that the duke of Hamilton wanted them not to think 
 of the k of England, by perfuading them that 
 the king neither had an inclination nor an ability to 
 affifl that prince -, and the defpair of the people aug- 
 menting every day, the duke might flatter himfelf 
 that they would at length addrefs themfelves to him. 
 It appears to me, that if he was not gained over by 
 the court of London, he cou'd have no other views. 
 I therefore refolved to act with a great deal of re- 
 ferve, till I had clearly discovered the inclinations of 
 the people, and above all, of the Prefbyterians ; and 
 if I found that tr.ey thought of the duke of Ha- 
 milton, 1 would enter into their meafures, would act 
 in concert with the duke, and perluade the nobility 
 to join him in obedience to the orders of the k 
 of England, by perfuading them that the duke acted 
 only for the intereft of that prince. 
 
 C 4 I dif-
 
 ( 2 4 ) 
 
 I difcovered nothing of this my defign to the high 
 conftable, knowing his attachment to thek of Eng- 
 land, and I defired always to keep myfelf in readi- 
 ntfs to unite the party in favour of that prince, or 
 of the duke of Hamilton, according as I found the 
 nation difpofed. I thought it would be fafer for me 
 to regulate myfelf by the difpofition of the people, 
 than by the offers of the duke of Hamilton, or by 
 thofe of the friends of the k of England ; becaufe 
 the duke might have it in view to break the defigns 
 of the others by fpecious offers, which he could ne- 
 ver execute j and the others, if they had any know- 
 ledge of the duke's defigns, might act alfo in the fame 
 manner. I knew that the bulk of the nation was 
 for the k of England, but I was ftill ignorant of 
 the intentions of the Prefbyterians, and of the well- 
 country people. I knew that thefe laft were better 
 armed than the reft, and I kept myfelf always ready 
 to join with that party which they mould efpoufe, as 
 they would not ftandin need of fo many fupplies, and 
 are not fo divided into different factions as the reft, 
 and therefore it would be more eafy to put them in 
 motion at a fmall expence. 
 
 I gave the king's letter to the high conftable, 
 who received it with the moft profound refpeft ; I 
 gave him alfo a letter from the k of England, 
 and having mewed him my powers, he told me, that 
 itVas his opinion they might treat with me, and that 
 he would confult his friends as to the beft means of 
 their aflembling. I had no mind to contradict him, 
 becaufe I waited for an opportunity of turning mat- 
 ters, fo that the difficulties of treating mould come 
 from them and not from me ; therefore, 1 feemed 
 to approve of his defign, and to wait the fuccefs of 
 it with impatience. In the mean time, I received a 
 letter from the laird of Boyn, mentioning, that he had 
 4 feen
 
 feen the duke of Athol, and fome other chiefs; 
 that the duke had charged him to inform me of his 
 good diipofition, and that he was going to fpend 
 fome days in vifiting and conferring with his friends, 
 and to take meafures for treating with me ; that he 
 allowed me to difcover his intentions to the duke 
 and duchels of Gordon, to the earl of Errol and 
 his mother, the earl of Strathmore, and to lord 
 Stormont, but to none others. That he begged of 
 me to come to lord Stormont's houfe at Scoon, 
 that 1 might be nearer to him, and that upon his 
 return, he would treat with me in perfon, or fend 
 fome perfon to me with full powers. The Laird of 
 Boyn alfo wrote to the high Conftable, defiring him 
 in the duke of Athol's name to go and fee him ; 
 but the high Conftable did not think proper to un- 
 dertake that journey, becaufe as he had but juft 
 come home after a feflion of more than fix months, 
 he was apprehenfive it would give umbrage to the 
 government if he returned towards Edinburgh fo 
 foon ; befides, that fuch affemblies of Jacobites in 
 different quarters of the kingdom, would give room 
 for a fufpicion that fome plot was carrying on. He 
 therefore contented himfeif with writing his reafons 
 to the duke of Athol, and with alluring him, that 
 he was ready to enter into all his meafures, and 
 that during my abfence he would engage his chief 
 friends to have every thing ready on my return. 
 
 Next day my mefTenger arrived from the duke of 
 Gordon with a letter from the duke, in which he 
 expreffed a great impatience to fee me, and promifed 
 to do every thin r that depended upon him before 
 I left the earl of Errol. As 1 propofed to divide 
 the kingdom with Mr. Moray, and he is well known 
 on the Ibuth fide of the river Tay, I thought it was 
 too great a rifk for him to go Ibuth, efpecially as 
 
 the
 
 C *6 ) 
 
 the Englifii for thefe. three years paft had put a price 
 upon his head, having offered by proclamation 500 
 pounds fterling to the peribn that fhould feize him ; 
 1 entreated him therefore to take the northern pro- 
 vinces, and to make a progrefs among the High- 
 landers, while I viftted the reft of the kingdom. I 
 found him willing to undertake any thing, even to 
 go to his own country ; but I contented myfelf with 
 taking; letters from him to his elder brother the chief 
 
 mf 
 
 of the famHy of Moray, and for his other friends 
 in the fouth. 
 
 The earl of Errol, who was very apprehenfive 
 left Mr. Moray mould be known, and the fecret by 
 that means difcovered, obferved to me, that he had 
 roafon to believe that I would eafily gain the dukes 
 of Gordon and Athol, the marquis of Drummond, 
 and the earl of Broadalbin ; that thefe foUr lords 
 are able to anfwer for all the Highlands, and that 
 therefore the journey of Mr. Moray might perhaps 
 not be neceflary. On this reprefentation 1 changed 
 my opinion, and begged Mr. Moray to wait till he 
 heard from me before he began his journey, chufing 
 rather to take the whole fatigue upon myfelf, than 
 expofe him, and thereby rilk a difcovery of the fe- 
 cret without an abfolute neceflity. Having afked 
 the character of the duke of Athol, the earl of 
 Errol told me, that the duke was about forty years 
 Of age, that he is very opinionated, but a man of great 
 probity, and that his word is inviolable, and may 
 be depended upon j that he is haughty and paffion- 
 ate ; that he is very powerful in feveral counties, 
 and can raife 9 battalions among his vaflals, of 600 
 men each, armed, regimented, and difciplined ; that 
 he had caufed them to aflemble and encamp every 
 fummer, fince the ait of fecurity had authorifed the 
 lords to arm and diicipline their vaffals ; that he 
 
 himfelf
 
 C *7 ) 
 
 himfelf had feen them encamped the year before, 
 and that the duke could arm a greater number, and 
 that by the intereft of his friends he is abfolutely the 
 moil powerful lord in Scotland. I began then to think 
 it was time to aft, but not chufing to engage myfelf 
 too much with the friends of the k of England, 
 till I knew thoroughly the intentions of the duke of 
 Hamilton, I acquainted the duke of Athol that I 
 was coming into his neighbourhood, and that I 
 would fee the other lords on my journey, fo that he 
 would have full time to take meafures with his 
 friends. I wrote alfo to the laird of Boyn, and men- 
 tioned to him that I would flop at his brother-in-law's 
 the laird of Pourie, and entreat him to let me hear 
 from him there. 
 
 At the fame time, the better to manage the duke 
 of Hamilton, I difpatched a meffenger to Edin- 
 burgh to Mr. Hall, his confidant. I exprefled my 
 furprize that he had not kept his word with me, as 
 the earl of Errol had neither brought me a letter 
 from him, nor a commiffion from the duke of Ha- 
 milton, that his conduct did not correfpond with 
 what he had written to me at the countefs of Errol's ; 
 that I had orders to" addrefs Myfelf principally to 
 the duke, who I knew was the foul of the whole 
 affair , therefore I defired that he would point me 
 out the way how I might fee him in fafety ; that I 
 had hitherto entered into no meafures with any one, 
 nor would I, till I had his anfwer/-, that I had fomer 
 things to mention to him, which would give him 
 fatisf action , that it was now in his power to cover 
 himfelf with immortal honour, and to render him- 
 felf greater than any of his anceftors ; that I would 
 remove all difficulties, and mew him eafy expedients 
 that he did not think of-, that if he neglected this 
 occafion, it would never return , that he would ruin 
 3 not
 
 Vy ( 28 ) 
 
 not only his country but, himfelf, the Englifh hav- 
 ing been too much irritated by him not to crufh 
 him , that I was going to fet out on my journey, 
 and would on a certain day be with one of his 
 friends, whom I named, within a day's journey of 
 Edinburgh, defiring Mr. Hall, who was there often, 
 to be there that day, to mew my letter to the duke 
 of Hamilton, to rectify the miftake about the letter 
 from the k , and to bring me the duke's anfwer. 
 I allured him, that I was grieved to hear of his 
 indifpofition, and added whatever I thought could 
 exprefs a hearty friendmip and a ftrong deiire to fa- 
 tisfy him in every thing. 
 
 I wrote alfo at the fame time to the duchefs of Gor- 
 don, having been advifed by the duke her hufband, 
 and the earl of Errol, to addrefs myfelf to her, be- 
 caufe the Prefbyterians, after they had abandoned 
 the duke of Hamilton, had applied to the dukes 
 of Gordon and Athol, and they had fent them to 
 the duchefs of Gordon, who, refiding generally at 
 Edinburgh, could eafily fee them, and receive their 
 propofitions. As thefe lords were narrowly watch- 
 ed in the country, I mentioned to the duchefs an- 
 other place for her to fend her anfwer to. 
 
 I remained two days more at the earl of Errol's, 
 to give the meffenger time to deliver the letters ; 
 then having left a letter to defire Mr. de Ligondes 
 to keep off the coaft fomewhat longer ; I travelled 
 four days and four nights, and arrived at the laird 
 of Pourie's early in the morning, where I found the 
 laird of Boyn, who told me, that the duke of Athol 
 had received my anfwer, that he was gone to the 
 further part of his territories to confer with his 
 friends, and would return in ten days ; that he 
 begged of me to wait for him at lord Stormont's j 
 
 that
 
 that the earl of Strathmore defired to fee me as 
 foon as pofilble ; that I would find a great union 
 and perfect unanimity among the chiefs ; that they 
 had taken kindly my remonftrances with regard to 
 the differences among their families, and that I 
 would have great caufe to be fatisfied. 
 
 
 
 I conferred fome time with the laird of Pourie. 
 He is about fifty years of age, and of great autho- 
 rity in his country. He told me, that the people 
 were fo irritated againft the Englifh, and fo fond of 
 the k of England, that he and the other chiefs of 
 the country were importuned by them every day ; 
 that he durft mew himfelf but very feldom among 
 his vaffals, as they prefled him continually to 
 give them leave to arm, reproaching him that the 
 nobility had fold and ruined their country, while 
 the people fought only to take arms in its defence ; 
 and that the fame fpirit prevailed over the whole 
 kingdom. He wanted much to keep me with him 
 a few days, but I was obliged to be next day at the 
 place where I had appointed to meet Mr. Hall, and 
 I was very glad to take advantage of the abfence of 
 the duke of Athol, while I endeavoured to do my 
 utmoft with the duke of Hamilton. I promifed 
 therefore to the laird of Pourie to fee him on my re- 
 turn, and begged of him to vifit lord Panmure, his 
 neighbour and friend, and to inform me by the 
 laird of Boyn, when I could fee him. I did not 
 want this laft to have any knowledge of what re- 
 garded the duke of Hamilton, therefore I agreed 
 with him, that to avoid going backwards and for- 
 wards, which would give the inquifitive room for 
 fufpicion, he mould remain with the laird of Pourie 
 till the return of the duke of Athol ; that I would 
 give them notice, and that they mould then come 
 and meet me at lord Stormont's. From thence I 
 
 went
 
 ( 30 ) 
 
 the fame day to lord Strathmore, who is lord 
 Middleton's nephew by his fitter, is bordering on 
 fifty years of age, and his family, of which he is 
 the head, is one of the mod antient in Scotland. 
 He received me kindly, and expreffed great zeal 
 for the caufe, confirming to me what the laird of 
 Pourie had told me as to the general inclination of 
 the people. He introduced me to the laird of Auch- 
 terhoufe, his brother, who being come from the 
 weft country, allured me of the good difpofition of 
 the Prefbyterians. Having told me, that he was 
 intimate with the laird of Carnwath, who has large 
 territories in that country, I begged of him to in- 
 form him jof my arrival, and to procure me an in- 
 terview with him, and likewife to queftion him 
 more particularly as to the intention of the Prefby- 
 terians. Lord Strathmore confirmed to me the ac- 
 count I had already received of the duke of Ha- 
 milton, &c. adding, that he had always been that 
 duke's friend; but that he had lately broke with, him 
 upon his hindering the people to take arms ; that 
 he himfelf has all pofiible deference for the orders 
 of the k of England ; but that being upon the 
 fpot, he knows beft what is for his fervice ; that he 
 would willingly follow the duke of Hamilton, if 
 he would al at all ; but fince he will do nothing, 
 he thinks it his duty to act without him , that [ 
 Vould find the duke of Athol and all the reft in the 
 fame opinion. He told me, that I ought not to 
 neglect the duke of Hamilton -, but that at the fame 
 time, the well- affected expected that I mould com- 
 municate nothing to him of their affairs, as they 
 could no longer truft him. All the reft, whom I 
 have feen, or with whom I have correfponded by 
 letters or otherwife,. have required the fame thing 
 of me, fo that it is lufficient to have remarked it 
 once for all. Having avoided entering upon the 
 
 affair
 
 _ ( 1* ) 
 
 affair till the duke of Athol's return, that I might 
 have leifure to penetrate into the defigns of the 
 duke of Hamilton-, I left lord Strathmore, and ar- 
 riving at the place, whither I had de fired the duchefs 
 of Gordon to addrefs her letters, a packet from her 
 was put into my hands, in which fhe informed me, 
 
 ' That fhe faw fome of the leading men among the 
 ' Prefby terians every day ; that they were very zealous 
 ' for the intereft of the k of England ; that whefi 
 
 * fhe acquainted them with my arrival in the country, 
 ' they feemed greatly pleafed ; that fhe begged of 
 4 me to come to Edinburgh to confer with them ; 
 4 that their demands were very reafonable ; that be- 
 
 * fore I mould fet out for Edinburgh, I fhould fend 
 
 * her my promife not to truft to the duke of Ha- 
 ' mil ton ; that fhe had in her hands certain proofs 
 ' that that duke had been the caufe of all the mif- 
 
 * fortunes in Scotland ; that under pretence of en- 
 
 * tering into my views, he would prevent me from 
 ' taking any effectual meafures, and would tell me 
 ' in the end, that he had no longer any credit 
 ' with any party , that I could not be ignorant that 
 ' the Jacobites had broke with him, and that fie 
 
 * would foon make it evident to me, that the Pref- 
 ' byterians could no longer bear to hear his name 
 ' mentioned ; that as fhe had heard that Mr. Hall 
 ' was to go and meet me, fhe advifed me to be 
 ' upon my guard , that he was an honefl man, but 
 
 * faw only with the duke of Hamilton's eyes/ 
 
 I did not think it proper to fend her the promife 
 which fhe required ; but I anfwered, that I would 
 endeavour to fee her at Edinburgh as foon as pof- 
 fible ; I begged of her to keep the Prefby terians in 
 their prefent good difpofition, that I would be faith- 
 ful to them, would keep their fecrQt, not only as- 
 
 to
 
 to him whom they diftrufted, but with regard to 
 all others, and would very foon let them hear from 
 me. I fent her at the fame time a letter from the 
 queen of England, in which that princefs was at 
 great pains to juftify the .duke of Hamilton againft 
 the accufations of the duke of Gordon, and laid all 
 the blame of the misfortunes of Scotland on the 
 want of fuccours. 
 
 Having difpatched the duchefs of Gordon's fer- 
 vant, I travelled all night, and next morning I ar- 
 rived at that gentleman's, where Mr. Hall waited 
 for me. He made me a thoufand compliments 
 from the duke of Hamilton. He told me, that 
 his illnefs had hindered him from fending me an 
 anfwer by the earl of Errol ; that the duke begged 
 of me to fend him the letters which I had got for 
 him, to inform him of the propofitions which 1 had 
 to make to him from the k , to come directly 
 to Edinburgh, and that he would do his utmoft en- 
 deavours to fee me. 
 
 Having been informed that the duke had no 
 lofger any credit with the friends of the k of 
 England from fo many quarters, and by fo many 
 different perfons, that I could no longer doubt of 
 it, I had now only the hopes, that he had ftill in- 
 Bereft with the Prefbyterians to intrigue with them 
 about his own elevation to the throne, which in my 
 firft journey I underftood he had very much at 
 heart, and I durft not open myfelf on that fubject 
 to Mr. Hall, who is abfolutely in the intereft of the 
 k of England, fo that I was obliged to talk with 
 him only in general terms. 
 
 I told him, that I was much afflicted on account 
 of the Ulnefs of the duke of Hamilton, that I would 
 
 willingly
 
 ( 33 ) 
 
 willingly fend him the letters that I had for him, by 
 which he would fee the little reafon he had to com- 
 plain of the king : but that I was not entrufted with 
 any proportions, and had only come to receive thofe 
 of the Scots ; neverthelefs, if any thing happened 
 during the courfe of the negotiation, in which 1 could 
 ferve him, he would find me moft ready to give 
 him all the fatisfaction in my power ; that I would 
 willingly proceed to Edinburgh, if he would allure 
 me that my journey mould not be fruitlefs ; but to 
 go thither without being fure of leeing him, would 
 be too ram a ftep ; that the city being at prefent 
 very empty, it would be impoffible for a ftranger to 
 be there without being remarked ; that I deipifed 
 the dangers to which my duty expofed me ; but 
 that it would be acting contrary to the rules of pru- 
 dence to expofe myfelf there needlefsly ; that he 
 doubtlefs knew the mind of the duke of Hamilton 
 as to this, and I begged him to tell it me without 
 difguife, 
 
 He anfwered, that the duke of Hamilton earneft- 
 ly defired to fee me, but to tell me the truth, he did 
 not believe that he could , that he kept his bed, and 
 was always furrounded with his domeftics , that the 
 duchefs his wife never left him ; that he was tranf- 
 ported to hear that the king had done him the ho- 
 nour to write to him, but that he had likewife ex- 
 pected a letter from the queen of England ; that as 
 that princefs had not written to him, he concluded 
 that the fcheme was not approved of by her ; and 
 that he had too much refpect for her judgment to 
 concern himfelf with an affair that fhe did not ap- 
 prove of; that he had fufpected that 1 had no pro- 
 pofitions to make to him , but that neverthejefs I 
 muft begin with making propontions, othtrrwife no 
 treaty could be concluded. 
 
 D I an-
 
 ( 34 ) 
 
 I - anfwered, that I would not fuffer myfelf to be 
 fo eafily blinded ; that the duke of Hamilton had 
 recourfe to very weak fhifts ; that he wanted only to 
 find fault, and complained, when he had all the 
 reafon in the world to think himfelf greatly honour- 
 ed j that if the queen had written to him he would 
 have bethought himfelf of fome other caufe of dif- 
 contcnt; that he well knew the K of England 
 had not written to him without confulting with the 
 queen his mother j that 1 could not promife to go 
 to Edinburgh to no purpofe ; that I had no time 
 to wafte ; that he need not expect propofitions from 
 me, or that I would perfuade h;m to take arms ; 
 that I had not charged myfelf with arguments on 
 that fubject -, that he had been a long time follicit- 
 ing fuccours ; that I was difpofed to promife him 
 whatever fupplies he wanted , that he had nothing 
 to do therefore, but to confider what plan to go 
 upon, and what he was able to effect, as the fuccours 
 would be regulated according to the flate of the 
 nation and its forces ; that therefore it was his part 
 to make propofals to me, and that after I had fully 
 weighed them, I would do my utmoft to fatisfy 
 him ; that I had a very full authority to promife 
 every thing that I thought neceflary, and that I 
 would not hefitate in agreeing to whatever I thought 
 reafonable. I had reflected fo fully upon the ftate 
 and the forces of Scotland, that I was fure I could 
 b& able to anfwer all that they could allege, to 
 prove the necefiity of great fupplies, therefore I 
 rifked nothing in talking fo boldly. 
 
 Mr. Hall anfwered me, that I ought to know the 
 Duke of Hamilton better than to fcruple at thefe 
 difficulties, which it was his cuf\om to flart on all 
 occafions, though he afterwards thought no more 
 of them i that he would relate to him my anfwer, 
 
 and
 
 ( 35 ) 
 
 and expe&ed to find him very dry j that he had 
 charged him to learn from me, what fuccours the 
 King would be pleafed to grant to the Scots, and 
 that he would foon return to me with the opinion of 
 the Duke of Hamilton on that fubject. I told 
 him, that it was not yet time to talk of fuccours ; 
 that it was proper firft to know perfectly the forces 
 which the well -affected could raife, and the means 
 they have to fupport them ; and that after having 
 reafoned on thefe points according to the rules of 
 war, we might examine by the fame rules, what 
 fuccours they would need ; and that I believed he 
 (Mr. Hall) would not enter upon thefe particulars, 
 they being out of his fphere ; and that mean while 
 I would tell him, that although the King had a 
 great defire to affift the Scots, his Majefty did not 
 pretend to make their caufe his principal affair ; 
 that he was very willing t afiift the Scots to make 
 war, but that he was no way difpofed to make war 
 for them, and at his own expence ; that however 
 dry my anfwer was, his commiffion was flill more 
 fo ; and that I had no fufpicion of fo much cold- 
 nefs on the part of the Duke of Hamilton. 
 
 He then afked me, if the King would not grant 
 10,000 men ; I anfwered, No; and that I did not 
 believe that they could be fo unreafonable to afk 
 them. However, faid he, the Duke of Hamilton 
 believes that it is the leaft that can be afked. You 
 may tell the Duke of Hamilton, faid I to him, that 
 it is not ufual to behave thus to a great King ; de- 
 mands ought to be fupported by reafons given in 
 with them ; has he given you any ? He confeffed 
 he had not received any. Upon which I told him, 
 that I advifed him not to afk the half ; that per- 
 haps, after examining every thing, it would be, 
 found, that the Scots had no need of any foreign 
 D 2 troops j
 
 ( 36 ) 
 
 troops ; that it would be needlefs to talk more of 
 it, as he was not more fully inftructed ; and there- 
 fore I defired him to tell the Duke of Hamilton 
 from me, that I had fomething very particular to 
 fay to him, which I would mention to nobody but 
 himfelf ; that I had fo much refpect for him, that I 
 would wait yet four days, before I entered into a 
 negotiation with the other lords, and that I would 
 expect his anfwer at the Marquis of Drummond's. 
 
 I gave the letters for the Duke of Hamilton to 
 Mr. Hall, and I begged of him to tell me what he 
 
 thought of the inclinations of the Earl of S 
 
 his brother. I gave him alfo a copy of queftions 
 concerning the ftate of the nation, and entreated 
 him to tell the Duke of Hamilton that it would be 
 necefiary to anfwer all thefe particulars, before he 
 talked of fuccours. Mr. Hall returning to Edin- 
 burgh, I went the fame day to Lord Stormont at 
 Scoon, who having been informed in February by 
 the Earl of Errol, that I was coming to Scotland, 
 had been more adlive than all the reft. He had 
 made a progrefs through all the fouth of Scotland, 
 where he is very powerful, and having alfo vifited 
 feveral of the chief men in the north of England, 
 he had returned to Scoon to meet me. I did not 
 think proper to flay there, being defirous to know 
 what I had to expect from the Duke of Hamilton, 
 before \ engaged with the others. Lord Stormont 
 confirmed to me, what the Earl of Strathmore and 
 the Laird of Boyn had told me of the Duke of 
 Athol, who having appointed a day with him for 
 my return to Scoon, and having agreed on the name 
 I fhould take, and a pretence for my continuing 
 Ibme time, I went to the Marquis of Drummond's, 
 where I arrived next day* He appeared fo zealous, 
 that I made not the leaft difficulty to give the King's 
 
 letter,
 
 ^ ( 37 ) 
 
 letter, and that of the K of England. He ex- 
 prefled great acknowledgments for the honour his 
 Majefty did him. He told me, that having learn- 
 ed from his brother Lord John Drummond, the oc- 
 cafion of my journey, and that 1 was to vifit him, 
 he had fent to all his friends to know their opinion 
 of the queftions I had propofed, concerning the 
 Hate of the nation and its wants, and that he wait- 
 ed their anfwer ; that his brother had gone to an- 
 other quarter, and that he would return that day or 
 to-morrow. He fent notice to the Laird of Aber- 
 carney his neighbour, who came to lee me the fame 
 day. After having feen the letter of Mr. Moray, 
 his brother, and fpoke of affairs in general, he told 
 me, that he would confult with Lord Drummond and 
 fome other Lairds, and give me a memorial figned 
 by their hands, in anfwer to the queftions 1 had 
 propofed, as preliminaries to a treaty. 
 
 Lord John Drummond arriving next day, he 
 told me, that he had been with the Earl of Lin- 
 lithgow, Lord Kilfyth, and the Laird of Coxtoun, 
 who had expreffed great joy at the fine occaHon of 
 ferving their K and their country : that the 
 firft and laft had promifed to fet their hands to every 
 thing that could be expected of them, and that 
 Lord Kilfyth appeared to be of the fame mind, ex- 
 cepting only that he declared he could not def.rt 
 the Duke of Hamilton, and defired to acl in con- 
 cert with him. He, however, charged Lord John 
 Drummond to beg of me to come to t'sem to con- 
 fult about more effectual meafures. 
 
 Next day, the brother of Mr. Moray, whom I 
 had lent by the way of Holland, came to Lord 
 Drummond's ; he had landed only two days before 
 in Scotland ; for having been taken ill in Holland, 
 
 Da h?
 
 he had embarked on board a Scottifh veffel, in hopes 
 of haftening his arrival, but had been three weeks 
 in his paffage to Edinburgh. I begged of him, as 
 he had come fo late, to keep at home, efpecially as 
 fome of the couct of St. Germain had given intel- 
 ligence that he was to come over with me, it would 
 be necefTary to take great precaution : I charged 
 him only to fupport the well affected in their pre- 
 fent difpofition, after my return to France, and to 
 keep himfelf quiet till he mould hear of my depar- 
 ture. 
 
 About this time, I received the anfwer of Mr. 
 Hall, mentioning that he had found the Duke of 
 Hamilton in a moft diftrefied condition, reduced to 
 the laft extremity, breathing with the utmoft diffi- 
 culty, having had twenty-nine fits of the fever : 
 that the Duke was in defpair that he could not fee 
 me ; that he loved and efteemed me ; that he would 
 willingly give his life to have fome difcourle with 
 me -, that he made not the lead doubt of my friend- 
 fhip, therefore begged of me to excufe his not an- 
 fwering the King's letter, nor that of the K of 
 England ; that he would do himfelf that honour 
 with the firft opportunity, after he had recovered 
 his ftrength -, that he would concur in all reafonable 
 meafures for the reftoration of the K of England ; 
 but it was his opinion, that Prince ought not to 
 rifle himfelf, without a confiderable body of troops, 
 and that he wifhed me a good voyage. 
 
 I was well informed, that the Duke of Hamilton 
 was not fo bad as Mr. Hall would make me believe. 
 I knew not what to think of his way of a<5ling : 
 fometimes I imagined that he was reconciled under- 
 hand to the court of London ; and at other times 
 I believed that he only made fo many difficulties, 
 
 that
 
 ( 39 ) 
 
 that he might be the more entreated. I thought 
 therefore that I ought not to make him too many 
 advances ; that if he had made his peace with 
 Queen Anne, I ought to conceal from him the 
 flate of our affairs, and that if he wanted to make 
 himfelf be entreated, I ought to change my 
 courfe, and by neglecting him, would make him 
 court me. 
 
 I was quickly convinced, that he did not act fin- 
 cerely , for having learned that Mr. Hall had writ- 
 ten by the fame mefienger to two of his friends, I 
 found means to gee pofleffion of the letters, in which 
 he had written more openly. He fays in the let- 
 ters, that the Duke of Hamilton had thought, that 
 if he appeared too forward to accept of the fuccours 
 of the King, that would put the K of England 
 under a neceflity of coming over to Scotland, be- 
 caufe the King would have juft reafon to be diflatif- 
 fied with that Prince, if he refufed to go thither, wh.en 
 his fubjects invited him, and armed themfelves to re- 
 ceive him ; and fearing alfo that the King only made 
 thefe advances to excufe himfelf from doing any thing 
 elfe in favour of that Prince, the Duke had judged 
 it proper, in order to embarrals his Majefty (thefe 
 are his very words) to demand, that the King mould 
 fecure a confiderable party in England, or that his 
 Majefty fhould fend a body of troops for the con- 
 queft of England, to act in conjunction with the 
 Scottifh army ; that the duke of Hamilton had it 
 in his power to place the K of England on the 
 throne of Scotland, without the affiftance of France, 
 although that Prince mould bring no more than a 
 fingle page with him ; but in that cafe, the K of 
 England would depend too much upon his fub- 
 jects. 
 
 D 
 
 I faw
 
 ( 4 ) 
 
 J faw by thefe letters, that the Duke, of Hamil- 
 ton fought underhand to break all the meafures of 
 the well-aiFc&ed, and then to excufe himfelf to 
 them by falfe pretences, which might lefien their 
 confidence in the King's goodnefs, and their attach- 
 ment to France. 
 
 I was fo incenfed at this proceeding, that I would 
 write no more either to the Duke of Hamilton or 
 Mr. Hall ; I laid only by word of mouth to him who 
 brought me the letter, that I had no anfwer to re- 
 turn. But upon reflecting that the Duke pretend- 
 ed to be able to put the K of England upon the 
 threne without the aflidance of France, and that at 
 the fame time he endeavoured to hinder that Prince 
 from coming over to Scorlanj, it came into my 
 mind, that he had ftill an intention of feizing the 
 throne himfelf. 
 
 I was well aflured that he would not have the 
 leaft fupport from the nobility and gentry. The 
 Prefbyterians then were his only refource ; and as 
 I was not fufficiently informed of their difpofitions, I 
 refolded forthwith to give my whole attention to 
 know them thoroughly, with the intention, that if 
 I found them ftill in his intereft, to fall upon fome 
 means of renewing my correspondence with the 
 Duke. I difpatched a courier to the Duchefs of 
 GoVdon, and to excufe my going to Edinburgh, I 
 reprefented to her, that fince me fo greatly diitruft- 
 cd the Duke of Hamilton, it would not be proper 
 for me to come fo near him ; that he would infallibly 
 learn that i was in the city, and that from thence 
 great inconveniencies would enfue : I therefore beg- 
 ged of her to fend me the particulars of what the 
 p liefs of the Prefbyterians had propofed to her, and 
 t-;e f^me day I returned to Lord S torment's. The 
 
 Duke
 
 ( 41 ) 
 
 Duke of Athol had not yet returned, and while I 
 waited for him, I had a vifit from the Laird of 
 Auchterhoufe, Lord Strathmore's brother. He 
 gave me the anfwer ot the Laird of Carnwath, 
 to the letter that he had written to him at my 
 defire, and begged of me to excufe his friend if 
 he did not come and wait upon me, as he was 
 detained by very preffing affairs at one of his 
 feats near Edinburgh. He told me, that the 
 Laird of Carnwath had authorifed him to fign in 
 his name all that mould be regulated with me. 
 His letter mentions, " that he came from his eftate 
 " in the welt country, where he had carefully en-. 
 " deavoured to inform himfelf of the difpofition of 
 " the Prefbyterians ; that he had been agreeably 
 <c furprifed to find an alteration in their fentiments 
 *' almoft miraculous. You cannot imagine, fays 
 " he, the furprifing change happened in that coun- 
 " try, in the maxims and inclinations of the inha- 
 " bitants, the juftnefs of their opinion with regard 
 " to the prefent ftate of affairs, their zeal, and their 
 ** eagernefs to undertake fomething for their King 
 u and their country, and this difpofition does not 
 " prevail in fome corners only, but is univerfal 
 " throughout all the counties. Can it be polfible, 
 " that io fine an opportunity will not be laid hold 
 " of?" The Laird of Carnwath is grand fon of 
 the famous Mr. Lockhart, who was ambafiador in 
 France within thefe fifty years ; he has more than 
 100,000 livres of land -rent ; he was named one of 
 the commiflloners for the treaty of Union. He pro- 
 tefted againft all their proceedings, and always op- 
 pofed the Union in Parliament. 
 
 The Laird of Stanhope mentioned the fame things 
 to Lord Stormont, concerning the Prefbyterians ; 
 and the Laird of Defterenlbn, a great Prefbyterian, 
 whofc eftates lie in thefe counties, coining to Scoon, 
 
 con-
 
 ( 42 ) 
 
 confirmed to roe all that I have mentioned, and that 
 his vafials earneftly prefled him to take off the mafk, 
 and to join the friends of the K of England. 
 The national aflembly of the Prefbyterian clergy, 
 being then affembled, approved of every thing that 
 the provincial Synods and Prefbyteries had done a- 
 gainft the Union, and that afTembly rejected the 
 motion of the Earl of Glafgow, the Queen's com- 
 miflioner for congratulating that Princefs upon the 
 fuccefs and conclufion of the treaty. 
 
 Happening about this time to fall fick, I faw 
 plainly that it would be impoffible for me to go to 
 all the Peers and Lairds who had defired to fee me. 
 J therefore difpatched to them feveral mefTengers to 
 inform them of my illnefs, and to entreat them ei- 
 ther to come to me, or to declare their fentiments 
 to thofe of their friends who propofed to wait upon 
 me. The latter expedient was moft agreeable to 
 them ; but Lord Kilfyth who was an intimate friend of 
 Lord Stormont, and who was wont to come often 
 to Scoon, anfwered, that he was indifpenfably ob- 
 liged to be at Edinburgh next day, but that he 
 would not fail to be in a few days at Scoon. Lord 
 Stormont, on giving me Lord Kiliyth's letter, bade 
 me prepare for an engagement, as his friend had 
 gone to Edinburgh for no other purpofebut tocon- 
 fult the Duke of Hamilton, and to receive .his in- 
 ftruclions ; that I had need to be firm and always 
 on my guard, for if I mould yield in the lead, I 
 would find myfelf the dupe of thofe two Lords ; 
 that he was fully allured of the good intentions of 
 Lord Kilfyth, but that he was too much attached to 
 the Duke of Hamilton, who does not aft fincerely. 
 
 The Duchefs of Gordon having infixed on feeing 
 me at Edinburgh, I anfwered her, that being fick 
 a- bed, it was impoffible for me to undertake that 
 
 jour-
 
 ( 43 ) 
 
 journey, therefore, that me ought not to negleft to 
 fend me not only the particulars, but alfo a perfon 
 fully inftructed to tell me all that fhe had to fay, 
 more efpecially as the time was haftening. She 
 fubmitted to my arguments, and difpatched to me 
 a gentleman named Strachan, in whom the chief of 
 the Prefbyterians had an entire confidence. Befides 
 the Duchefs of Gordon's letter of credence which 
 was very ample, he gave me a memorial written 
 with the hand of the Laird of Kerfland, the mod 
 leading man among the Prefbyterians. and chief of 
 one of the moft confiderable families in Scotland, of 
 which the following is a copy. 
 
 A Memorial of lie Laird of Kerfland. 
 
 THE Prefbyterians are refolved never to agree to 
 the Union, becaufe it hurts their confciences, 
 and becaufe they are perfuaded that it will bring an in- 
 finite number of calamities upon this nation, and will 
 render the Scots Haves to the Engliih. They are 
 ready to declare unanimoufly for K James, and 
 only beg his majefty that he will never confent to 
 the Union, and that he will fecure and protect the 
 proteftant religion. The declaration with regard to 
 religion ought to be in general terms. 
 
 Thofe among the Prefbyterians, who are called 
 Cameronians, will raife 5000 men, of the beft fol- 
 diers in the kingdom ; and the other Prefbyterians 
 will aflemble 8000 more. They beg that the K 
 of England would give them officers, efpecially ge- 
 neral officers, and fend them powder, for they have 
 
 arms already. Whenever his Br majefly mail 
 
 have granted the preceeding demands, and mall have 
 promifed to follow his fupplies in perfon to Scotland, 
 they will take arms againfl the government, and 
 
 will
 
 ( 44 ) 
 
 will give fuch other aflurances of their fidelity, as 
 fhall be defired. Provided powder be fent them, 
 they engage to defend themfelves in their country 
 with their own forces alone, aeainft all the ftrenoth 
 
 ' *J ^j 
 
 of England for a year, till the arrival of their K , 
 and the fuccours that he fhould bring with him. They 
 leave it to that Prince to bring with him fuch a num- 
 ber of troops as he fhall think proper. They believe, 
 however, that he will not have occafion for a great 
 number. They have a correfponder.ee with the 
 north of Ireland *, and they are certain, that the 
 Scots who inhabit that province will declare for 
 them. This memorial being too general, I defired 
 fome explanations of it from Mr. Strachan, when 
 he produced a more ample inftruction, of which 
 the following is the fubftance. 
 
 A particular Inftritffion. 
 
 That the Prefby terians in the weftern and fouthern 
 counties, namely, in Clydefdale, Nithfdale, Gallo- 
 way, Aire, Kirkubright, with thofe of the pro- 
 vinces of Tiviotdale, Tweedale, and the Foreft, 
 are refolved to take arms, and to declare for the 
 K of England, and to raife 13,000 men, whom 
 they are in a condition to be able to maintain. 
 
 . That in order to addrefs themfelves to the K of 
 England, they have put their interefts into the hands 
 of the Laird of Kerfland, the Laird of Gafton, the 
 Laird of Kingfmilfide, and Mr. Arefkine, uncle of 
 the earl of Buchan. That the Lairds being inform- 
 ed that the K of England had an entire confidence 
 in the Duke of Hamilton, they had addrefled them- 
 felves to him, and had propofed to him in the end 
 
 * The inhabitants of the north of Ireland a:c alfo Prefby- 
 terians. 
 
 Of
 
 ( 45 ) 
 
 of the former year, to take arms and difperfe the 
 Parliament, and that the Duke had charged them 
 not to ftir, they declaring that they had obeyed him 
 with great regret. 
 
 That fhorcly after the Laird of Nifhy, of the fa- 
 mily of Hamilton, a relation and intimate friend of 
 the Duke, had infinuated to them that the K - of 
 England was abandoned by France, and that they 
 mult look for fome other means of delivering their 
 country from flavery. He had propofed to them 
 to offer the crown to the Duke of Hamilton ; that 
 they had rejected that propofition, well-knowing 
 that the reft of the nation would never content to 
 it ; that fince that time they would have no corref- 
 pondence with him ; that knowing that I was in 
 the country, and had received authority from the 
 King to treat with the nation, they thought that I 
 would put more confidence in a Roman catholic 
 gentleman than in them ; and befides, they were 
 watched fo narrowly by the government, and by the 
 fpies of the Duke of Hamilton, that in order the 
 better to keep the fecret, they had judged more pro- 
 per to fend that gentleman than to come themfelves. 
 
 That they are ready to join themfelves to the 
 friends of the K of England, whether Catholics 
 or Epifcopals ; that they would begin, and thereby 
 give an opportunity to the reft to rife ; and that 
 they would put the ftrong caftle of Dumbarton, on 
 the river Clyde, into the hands of the perfon named 
 by the K of England, and that the largeft fliipa 
 could anchor under the walls of that caftle j that 
 they have a perfect knowledge of all the country, 
 that they would feize the ford of Abberfain, and all 
 the other fords of the river Forth ; and would there- 
 by keep the pafiages open for the well-affected in 
 
 the 
 
 i
 
 the north. To put them in a condition to take arms, 
 they defire that a veflel loaded with powder may be 
 lent to the mouth of the Clyde, a rich merchant 
 named Walchinfhaw, having undertaken to get the 
 (hip unloaded j they fay that it will be impoffible 
 for them to take the field fooner. 
 
 That the Duke of Hamilton having told them 
 that the K of England did not defire them to 
 take arms j they defire that Prince to fend them an 
 order for that purpofe, or to allure them by a letter 
 addrefled to the Duchefs of Gordon, that he wants 
 them to arm, and will come mortly after to Scot- 
 land ; that the beft place for his landing is at Kirku- 
 bright in the South of Scotland. 
 
 That all they aflc is liberty of confcience for 
 themfelves as well as for the Catholics ; and they 
 pray his majefty to refer himfelf to the firft parlia- 
 ment as to the eftablifhment of the epifcopal or pref- 
 byterian religion. That they will follow the orders 
 of that prince in the moft punctual manner ; that 
 they do not defire to know what his other friends 
 are to do ; but only how they themfelves ought to 
 act. That the Laird of Kerfland offers to go with 
 another chief to France to invite the K of Eng- 
 land over to Scotland, and to remain as hoftages for 
 the fidelity of their party. That as the eftates of 
 Yome of them were confifcated in the reign of Charles 
 II. they hope, that thofe who have been in poflef- 
 fion of thofe eftates fmce the revolution, and who 
 mail declare for their King on this occafion, mail be 
 preferved by him in the pofieflion of the faid eftates. 
 That they are fure of the greateft part of the regu- 
 lar troops in Scotland,, which will augment their 
 forces upwards of 2000 men. They have given 
 me a lift of the officers in each regiment of whofe 
 
 fide-
 
 C 47 ) 
 
 fidelity they are doubtful. They believe, that when 
 the Duke of Hamilton (hall fee a party formed, he 
 will join them, becaufe as he is loaded with debts, 
 and hated by the Engliih, he will have no other re- 
 fource. 
 
 Having confidered thefe propofitions, and dread- 
 ing the arrival of Lord Kilfyth, whom I expe&ed 
 every moment, and who could not have failed to 
 have given information of what paffed to the Duke 
 of Hamilton, I thought it bed to fend back Mr. 
 Strachan. I therefore told him, that he "might af- 
 fure thofe gentlemen, that their zeal and their de- 
 fign was moft agreeable to the K of England ; 
 that his defire is that they mould take arms, and 
 that I would reprefent their good difpofitions, and 
 their demands, and would inform them how they 
 were to act ; that the Laird of Kerfland would do 
 well to keep himfelf ready to go over to France in 
 cafe of need : I would regulate the manner of writ- 
 ing to Mr. Strachan to the i aird oi Kerfland, and 
 to Mr. Walchinmaw, who was to receive the pow- 
 der, and I begged of them to let me hear from them 
 before my departure. I wrote to the fame purpofe 
 to the Duchefs of Gordon, to be communicated 
 alfo by her to the chiefs of the Prefbyterians. 
 
 Not doubting any longer of the defigns of the 
 Prefbyterians, I now thought only oi rendering the 
 defign more general, and of engaging in it the molt 
 cOnfiderable Lords of Scotland. The Duke of 
 Athol being the principal among them, I waited his 
 return with impatience ; and he, finding that his 
 journey would be longer than he expected, fent me 
 two of his brothers, Lord James Muray, and his 
 brother, who having married the heirefs of the houfe 
 of Nairn, was become Lord Nairn, and had taken 
 3
 
 ( 48 ) 
 
 the name and arms of that houfe. He would never 
 take the oath of allegiance to King William or 
 Queen Anne. They told me, that the duke their 
 brother, was making a tour among his friends and 
 his vaflals, and had lent them before him to allure 
 me of his zeal and of his good intentions. 
 
 Then finding themfelves with Lord Stormont, 
 and the Laird of Auchterhoufe, Lord Strathmore's 
 brother, they propofed to fend for Lord Strathmore 
 and Lord Kinnaird, and to enter into a negotiation 
 with me. As I did not like that propofal, being 
 firmly refolved to draw the king into no engagement, 
 1 anfwered, that I had all poffible deference for them, 
 and for the two other lords, but that it was necef- 
 iary that they fhould aflemble in a greater number to 
 give authority to the treaty they would make. They 
 anfwered me, that they a6led in the name of feveral 
 others, as they would let me fee j that I could not 
 therefore refufe to enter into a negotiation with them, 
 while they waited the arrival of the Duke of Athol, 
 and that they might aflemble in a greater number 
 to put the finifhing hand to it. 
 
 I anfwered, that the ftate of Scotland was, doubt- 
 lefs, very well known to them, and that I had given 
 them full time to inform themfelves of it thoroughly ; 
 that I had fent them queftions containing all the par- 
 ticulars necefiary to be known, and that they ought 
 to anfwer thefe queftions before they thought of any 
 thing elfe. They replied, that their anfwer was quite 
 ready, and they fhewed it me much the fame with 
 that which is here added in the firft part of their me- 
 morial, excepting the preamble, which they added af- 
 terwards ; and they allure me, that it was the opinion 
 of all the well-affected. After having read it, they 
 required to fee my powers, which I fhewed them 
 
 very
 
 ( 49 ) 
 
 very readily, having found in their anfwers to the 
 questions of M. de Chamillart, enough to fupply 
 me with arguments againft the demand of great 
 
 o o o 
 
 fuccours. 
 
 Having read over my powers, they demanded 
 what fuccours they might exp.ct from his mod 
 Chriftian majefty. I anfwered, that I was authorifed 
 to promife every thing that I mould judge neceflary; 
 that the fuccours therefore would be regulated by 
 their wants ; for I could never judge it proper to 
 promife them fuccours, which they had no need of, 
 and by their memorial it did not appear that they 
 were in want of many things. They replied, that 
 they had not a mind to (late all their demands, till 
 they had fpoke to me concerning the article of Suc- 
 cours j that to render themfelves matters of Scot- 
 land, they in truth needed nothing but the perfont 
 of the K of England, arms$ ammunition, and 
 money i but their defign being to penetrate into 
 England, and to oblige the EngliQi either to fubmic 
 or to treat with them, they would have occafion for 
 powerful fuccours to fucceed in that enterprize. I 
 anfwered, that I was not of their opinion, that from 
 the moment they were matters of Scotland, they 
 would need none but their own forces to penetrate 
 into England ; that there were no troops in Scot- 
 land that could hinder them from afiembling ; that 
 the Englifli were not in a condition to oppofe fo con- 
 fiderable an army as that which they propofed to 
 raife ; that they could never want provifions in an 
 open and plentiful country ; and that they would be 
 able to raife contributions, which would more thant 
 fupply all their wants, after the example of their 
 forefathers, who in the late wars between Scotland 
 and England in 1639, raifed 800 pounds fterling 
 a day, only in the three northern counties of Eng- 
 E land.
 
 ( 50 ) 
 
 land, which are the pooreft of that kingdom. They 
 agreed, that what I faid was reafonable, but the 
 Englifh, faid they, will bring home their troops from 
 Flanders, and we will need regular troops to oppofe 
 to them. I anfwered agreeably to my inftruc~tions, 
 that it was not yet time to talk of a thing fo diftant , 
 that at prefent it was only to be confidered what was 
 necelTary for them to begin the war ; that if the 
 Englifti mould bring home their troops from Flan- 
 ders, it would then be eafy for the King to tranfport 
 troops into England or Scotland , that the number 
 of thefe troops muft be regulated by the number of 
 thofe which the Englifh (hall draw from the Low- 
 Countries ; that we muft wait till that happen, and 
 then it would be fettled what number the King fhall 
 give. 
 
 But, faid they, we have need of troops for a fafe- 
 guard to the K of England, and to give time to 
 his friends to aflemble. I anfwered, that fince the 
 nation, by their own account, was to rife nniverfally, 
 the K of England would be in full fecurity, when- 
 ever he mould arrive among fubjects fo faithful, and 
 fo zealous, and who could afiemble in fo fhort a 
 time j that if by the troops they demanded to ac- 
 company his perfon, they meant only a certain num- 
 ber of guards, thefe might, perhaps, be obtained 
 jvithout much difficulty ; but that a body of troops 
 \*ould be of more detriment than fervice ; that fo- 
 reigners are not ufed to live upon fo little as the 
 Scots-, that they did not underftand their language; 
 were not of their religion ; that it would have the 
 air of a conqtieft, efpecially among the Englifli -, 
 which opinion would hinder their friends in England 
 from joining them, and even influence them, per- 
 haps, to join the other fide. I added, that they need- 
 ed only to look upon what is at prefent pafimg in 
 
 Hun-
 
 C 5i ) 
 
 Hungary ; that although that nation is far from be- 
 ing fo warlike as the Scotch nation, it has neverthe- 
 lefs oppofed the beft generals, and oldeft troops of 
 the emperor ; that Hungary is full of ftrongholds, 
 many of which the malecontents have reduced with 
 their own forces, without the affiftance of foreign 
 troops ; that it would be much eafier for the Scots 
 to make themfelves matters not only of Scotland, 
 but alfo of England, as there is not a fingle forti- 
 fied city, not only in Scotland, but in both king- 
 doms, except Portfmouth on the channel, which is 
 a place of no importance ; and that there are no 
 troops either in England or Ireland to oppofe their 
 progrefs. 
 
 That they had no reafon to be affrighted at the 
 name of regular troops, as their own would become 
 regulars in the fpace of fifteen days, ail their men 
 being accuftomed to the ufe of the gun from their 
 infancy, all of them alfo being hunters , that they 
 were difciplined from the age of twenty- fix, and 
 were perfectly acquainted with all the military evo- 
 lutions , that naturally they (land fire with fo little 
 apprehenfion and concern, that their recruits have 
 been always as much efteemed as their old foldiers ; 
 that they are accuftomed to obedience by the abfo- 
 lute authority which their lords and chiefs have over 
 them ; that experience has often made it appear, that 
 they were a match for regular troops ; that they had 
 almoft always beat the beft troops of England, wic- 
 nefs the defeat of General Mackay in the laft war, 
 when 8000 highlanders beat in a pitched bat- 
 tle 6000 old Englifh and Dutch troops ; and, if 
 Cromwel obtained advantages over them, it was 
 owing to their inteftine divifions, and not to want 
 of bravery in their troops -, and what gives them 
 (till a greater advantage over the Englifh, is, that 
 
 E 2 they
 
 they are robuft, live hard, and that they would de- 
 ftroy an Englim army without fighting, merely by 
 fatiguing it. 
 
 They made no reply, but ftill infifted upon a 
 body of troops, faying, that they would be of more 
 fervice to the King than twenty times their number 
 clfe where ; that as foon as their army entered Eng- 
 land, the credit of the Exchequer-bills would fail ; 
 and the Englim would be no longer in a condition 
 to fupport the war or furniili the fubfidies to their 
 allies, which would occafion the greateft confufion 
 among the allied princes, who being only fupported 
 by England, would immediately beg a peace on 
 their knees ; that if the Scots mould make them- 
 felves matters of England things would ftill go bet- 
 ter ; that at the worft, they could maintain the K 
 of England on the throne of Scotland, and being 
 fupported by France would be a continual check 
 upon the Engliih, and hinder them from troubling 
 the defigns of the King. 
 
 I anfvvered, that their hopes were well founded ; 
 that I agreed with them, that it was the intereft of 
 the King to fupport them ; but that they ought not 
 to think that his majefty had no other intereft but 
 that ; that his majefty is powerful enough to bring 
 l^js enemies to reafon without them, but that they 
 were about to be flaves if the King did not take them 
 under his protection , that all that was dear to them 
 in the world was at ftake ; I begged of them to re- 
 member that they had to do with a prince of the 
 utmoft penetration, who will never fufter himfelf to 
 be impofed upon , that it would not look well in 
 them to be teaching him what was his intereft - y that 
 ;is they could not give me reafons in fupport of their 
 demands, nor could make a iatisfaclory reply to my 
 
 aiifwers>
 
 C 53 ) 
 
 anfwers, how could they expe<5l that fo weak argu- 
 ments fhould make an impreffion upon his majefty.. 
 
 After having talked a Htt'e together, they afked 
 of me, if I would not promiie them 5000 men. I 
 anfwered them that I always kept to the terms of 
 my inftructions, to promife them all that 1 judged 
 neceffary ; that I could only judge from reafon, and 
 that I could not fee any good reafons why they 
 mould afk 5000 men ; that their ftrongeft argument 
 was, that they had need of regular troops to oppofe 
 to thofe of England j to this I had anfwered, that 
 5000 men were not fufficient to make head againft 
 the enemy, and that if they could not truft to the 
 bravery of their nation, I advifed them not to pro- 
 fecute their defign, and that they did not reflect on 
 the difficulty of tranfporting troops while the enemy 
 were mafters of the fea. 
 
 They anfwered, that the enemy's fleets were al- 
 moft always at Portugal, and on the coafts of Spain; 
 that twenty privateers could bring them al! that they 
 wanted, without there being occafion for a fingle 
 king's fhip, or any tranfports ; that as the paffage 
 was fhort, 250 men might be put on board each 
 fnip without incommoding them ; and that there 
 would not be occafion for much provifions for fo 
 fhort a voyage ; that they would deliver up the fort 
 and city of Jnvernefs, with the port of Cromarty 
 in the north, where the veflels would be fafc both 
 from the winds and the enemy, as they are the two 
 fineft harbours in the world ; and that they would 
 furnifh all that mould be neceffary for the return of 
 the vefiels. 
 
 I defired them to obferve, that the queftion was 
 
 not whether the King could fend 5000 men to Scot- 
 
 E 3 land ;
 
 ( 54 ) 
 
 land i but whether they had need of them to deli- 
 ver them from the yoke of the Englifh j that they 
 had not yet proved their want of them, and to put? 
 an end to the difpute, I would propofe a difficulty 
 which I believe they would find it very hard to an- 
 fwer ; that the Englifh had their eyes upon them, 
 being well appri fed of the general difcontent of their 
 nation ; that as 5000 men could not be embarked 
 without fome buftle, on the firft news of the pre- 
 parations the Englifh would not fail to fufpect fome 
 commotion, and would immediately feize the lead- 
 ing men in Scotland, which would entirely break all 
 their meafures, and make their defign mifcarry with- 
 out leaving them any hopes of their being able to 
 refume it, fince it was not an enterprize to be at- 
 tempted twice. 
 
 I know not whether this reflection had any weight 
 with them, or if they perceived that I fought pre- 
 tences to avoid promising them any thing ; but they 
 inftantly broke off the conferences, and retired into 
 another apartment. They fent the fame day for Mr. 
 Graham, formerly king's follicitor, under the late 
 king James, to come and affift them with his ad- 
 vice. After having talked with him, they faid, 
 that in the manner that I acted it would be impofli- 
 ble to conclude a treaty ; that they were going to 
 confult with the Duke of Athol , and the reft went 
 wfth Mr. Graham. In taking leave of me, they 
 told me, that he had advifed them to refer them- 
 fclves to the King, and to lay afide the defign of 
 concluding a treaty, in hopes, that his majefty 
 would judge moft properly of their wants, and would 
 be affected with fo great a confidence in his good- 
 jiefs. 
 
 Lord
 
 ( 55 ) 
 
 Lord Stormont, who was the firft that returned, 
 told me, that he had related to the Duke of Athol 
 all that had pafled ; and that the Duke had approved 
 of the opinion of Mr. Graham, namely, that they 
 needed fome troops, but would refer themfelves to 
 the King as to their number, and likewifc as to all 
 their other fupplies, excepting the article of arms, 
 which they faid they could not do without. The 
 Duke of Athol having promifed to Lord Stormont 
 to come in two days to his houfe of Huntinghall, 
 within about two miles of Scoon, to be the more at 
 hand I fent to the Laird of Boyn. 
 
 The other gentlemen upon their return making 
 fome difficulty of quitting their firft defign of a 
 treaty, this occafioned iome difputes between them 
 and Lord Stormont, in which I kept myfelf neuter. 
 At laft the authority of that Lord, which is very 
 confiderable among them, carried it. I then told 
 them, that I had not intermeddled in their difpute 
 becaufe it was indifferent to me, either to conclude 
 a treaty, or to accept of their memorial j but at 
 prefent as they had agreed upon the latter expedient 
 I could not but commend their prudence -, that I 
 had been already fome time in their country ; that 
 my ftay in Scotland, if it were too long, might be 
 of dangerous confequence ; that if they aflembled 
 in greater numbers they might raife a fufpicion in 
 the government ; that although 1 had figned a treaty 
 with them, I would always be obliged to begin a- 
 new with the gentlemen in the other counties, who 
 might not be, perhaps, in every thing of their opi- 
 nion, which would occafion a dangerous confufion ; 
 but, by the expedient they had embraced, they would 
 gain time, and the King could more eafily judge of 
 what he might expect from their nation. They an- 
 fwered, that I need not fear that the fentiments of 
 
 4 the
 
 the reft of the gentlemen would be different from 
 theirs ; that they were too well informed to be 
 miftaken in that. Neverthelefs, to gain time, to 
 avoid numerous meetings, and to mew their confi- 
 dence in the King's goodnefs, they had approved of 
 the propofal of Lord Stormont. 
 
 Upon this they begged of me to tell them frankly 
 what fum of money they might expect ; adding, 
 that it would be impoffible for them to begin with- 
 out having a fund for the firft expences of the un- 
 dertaking. They defired that I would put the fi- 
 nifhing hand to their memorial ; but I begged of 
 them to excufe me as it did not fuit with my cha- 
 racter ; and as to what regarded the money, I an- 
 fwered according to my inftruftions, that as his ma- 
 jefty did not abandon the Hungarians when they 
 took arms, without any preceeding convention with 
 him, it might be well expected that he would not 
 abandon a nation that had been always an ally of his 
 Crown. 
 
 They anfwered, that Hungary was a rich coun- 
 try, but that Scotland was poor , that they were as 
 forward and willing as the Hungarians, but had not 
 the lame means ; that a fum of money to begin 
 with would be abfolutely neceflary ; that the King 
 would be of their opinion, upon confidering their re- 
 prefentation of the flate of the nation ; but that fince 
 I aid not chufe to open myfelf further on that arti- 
 ple, they referred themfelves in that, as in every 
 thing elfe, to his majefty. 
 
 They next propofed that I mould promife them 
 in writing their re-ettablifhment in their ancient pri- 
 vileges in France, and that the King would engage, 
 that they fhoulcj be comprehend e.d in the future 
 
 treaty
 
 c 57 ) ; 
 
 treaty of peace. I anfwered according to my inftruc- 
 tions, that I could promife nothing in writing, ex- 
 cept in figning a treaty, which they had not thought 
 proper to conclude : but that I could affure them 
 that their antient privileges were not abrogated, 
 but while -the Scots followed the law and deftiny of 
 England ; that when they acted as an independant 
 crown, and obferved the antient alliances, his majefty 
 would allow them to enjoy their antient privileges, 
 which he looks upon as fufpended, tiil the Scots 
 fhould return to the obfervance of their antient 
 maxims and the true intereft of their country ; and 
 that his Majefty would caufe them to be compre- 
 hended in the treaty of general peace. They were 
 fatisfied with this anfwer, and manifested a great ac- 
 knowlegment for his majefty's goodnefs. I imme- 
 diately difpatched feveral meflengers exprefs to dif- 
 ferent Lairds, informing them, that the gentlemen 
 had chofen rather to make a reprefentation of their 
 wants than to conclude a treaty. The reft approved 
 of their determination. 
 
 The Duke of Athol arriving at his feat of Hun- 
 tinghall, thofe who were at Scoon went to wait on 
 him, and next day they (hewed me a draught of 
 their Memorial, in which they neither required a 
 certain number of troops, nor a certain Him of 
 money, but referred themfelves abfolutely to the 
 King. 1 was not yet able to go abroad, having 
 been extremely bad. The Duke of Athol, who is 
 alfo of a very tender conftitution, likewife fell fick, 
 which obliged him to wait till I recovered my ftrength 
 fo far as to be able to vifit him. 
 
 About three in the morning, Lord Kilfyth arrived 
 from Edinburgh, and wanted to enter immediately 
 into my apartment j but Lord Stormont hearing of 
 
 his
 
 ( 58 ) 
 
 his dcfign, prevented him, being very glad, as he 
 told me afterwards, to have fome previous conver- 
 fation with him, that he might be able to inform 
 me of his intentions, having fome diftruft of him 
 fince he heard that he had gone to confult the Duke 
 of Hamilton. 
 
 Lord Stormont having prevailed on Lord Kilfyth 
 to go to bed, came to me. He told me, that the 
 other had owned to him, that the Duke of Hamil- 
 ton had been greatly furprized at my long flay fo 
 near the Duke of Athol's : that he believed my ill- 
 nefs only a pretence ; and that Lord Kilfyth was 
 come by his direction to prevent my doing any thing 
 without him. He then gave me the rough-draught 
 of their Memorial, with leave to read it to his lord- 
 ihip ; but at the fame time he defired me to conceal 
 from him all that related to the Duke of Athol ; 
 and told me, that this Duke advifed me not to 
 negleft the Duke of Hamilton; that, notwirhftand- 
 ing the many reafons he had to complain of him, 
 he would willingly forget what had pafled, and join 
 with him in the common caufe, the moment he 
 fhould fee him fairly embarked in it ; but not before. 
 
 Lord Kilfyth came to me early the next morning, 
 and told me, that if the Duke of Hamilton had 
 thought I intended to flay fo long in Scotland, he 
 would have found out ways to lee me ; that he 
 imagined I fhould have returned, as foon as I had 
 received his anfwer by Mr. Hall ; that his health 
 grew better every day, and that it would not be fo 
 difficult for him now to make an appointment with 
 nne , that he complained of my treating with others 
 without his knowledge, and faid, it was not ufmg 
 him like a friend. 
 
 I an-
 
 ( 59 ) 
 
 I anfwered, that I was really very much the Duke 
 of Hamilton's friend and fervant ; but that friend- 
 fhip ought never to be confidered in public affairs ; 
 that I had given him the preference ; that he had 
 trifled with me, and that I was by no means difpofed 
 to neglect the fervice of the King to pleafe my 
 friend : that he was miflaken, if he imagined I was 
 come into Scotland only to pay him compliments ; 
 that, fince his health mended fo faft, 1 hoped I 
 (hould fee him ac laft , but that I would not liir a 
 ftep, till I mould be fure of what I was doing ; 
 that he had only to let me know the time and place 
 of meeting, and I would not fail to be there. 
 
 In return to this, the Duke of Hamilton fent me 
 word, that he was not yet well enough to leave 
 Edinburgh , but that as foon as hefhould be able to 
 go to one of his country-feats, he would let me know 
 it ; and in the mean time he defired me to inform 
 the King, that nothing could contribute fo much to 
 his fervice, as the gaining of Lord Marlborough 
 and Lord Godolphin. 
 
 I anfwered, that I was not come into Scotland to 
 afk the Duke of Hamilton's advice about the King's 
 affairs ; that his Majefty did not want it ; that the 
 Duke did not deal fairly , that he ufed tricks unbe- 
 coming a perfon of his rank ; that he pretended to 
 want to treat, but did not take any meafures for it ; 
 that I was tired of all his muffling evafions ; and 
 that, if he would not do any thing, I mould per- 
 haps find means to fave Scotland without him. 
 
 You think fo, faid Lord Kilfyth -, but you wiM 
 not find that fo eaiy as you imagine. Enow will 
 give you fair words and promifes ; but that will be 
 all they will do. I anfwered, that I would fee. 
 
 He
 
 ( 60 ) 
 
 He left me, went to fee the Duke of Athol, fpent 
 part of the evening in conference with the other 
 Lords, and afterwards returned to me in a great 
 heat. 
 
 I did not think, faid he to me, that fuch ad- 
 vances had been made to you as I have juft now been 
 informed of. I hope, continued he, you do not 
 intend to exclude the Duke of Hamilton. 
 
 I anfwered, that I had no fuch defign : that, if 
 the Duke excluded himfelf, I could not help it. 
 But, faid he, how do you find the others difpofed P 
 Very well, anfwered I : they will be extremely glad 
 to have him in their party ; but they are determined 
 to act without him, if he continues to trifle as he 
 has done hitherto : but, my Lord, continued I, to 
 cut fhort this matter, if he has charged you with 
 any thing particular, you will do well to let me 
 know it. If you are come only to difcover what is 
 doing here, we are both agreed, and coniequently 
 you will gain nothing by it. 
 
 He defired me to mew him the Memorial, of 
 which the others had fpoken to him. I read 
 it to him, and then alked him what he thought 
 of it. He anfwered, that he liked it very well, 
 except the article in which they fubmitted every 
 thing intirely to his Majefty's pleaiure ; adding, 
 that, in his opinion, it would be right to de- 
 mand a certain number of troops, and a certain fum 
 of money, and that, in other rcfpects, he approved' 
 of it. 
 
 This anfwer occafioned a long difpute, in which 
 I repeated the fame arguments that I had ufcd with 
 the others. I lent for .Lord Storrnont and the Laird 
 
 of
 
 ( 6. ) 
 
 of Boyn : and Lord Kilfyth having told them that 
 the Duke of Hamilton had charged him to demand 
 eight thoufand men, and a certain fum of money, 
 they anfwered, that they would confider of it with 
 their friends. 
 
 When thefe gentlemen were gone, he defired me 
 to fend a copy of the Memorial to the Duke of Ha- 
 milton : I anfwered, that the Memorial not being 
 mine, I was not at liberty to difpofe of it as I 
 plea fed. 
 
 The next day, he made the fame propofal to the 
 Others. They refufed him -, adding, that, to farisfy 
 the Duke of Hamilton, and put it out of his power 
 to fay they had flighted his advice, they were ready 
 to demand eight thoufand men, and a certain fum 
 of money ; but ftill fubmitting themfelves, with 
 refpec! to both thefe articles, to whatever the King 
 fhould think proper to grant them. 
 
 Lord Kilfyth anfwered, that he could not agree 
 to the fubmitting of the matter fointi rely to the King, 
 and that they ought to infift pofitively upon their 
 demands. 
 
 The others replied, that the Duke of Hamilton 
 ought to be fatisfied with their condefcenfion, and 
 the regard they had for him : that they were fincere : 
 that their defign really was to deliver their country 
 from flavery, and to reftore their K (the Cheva- 
 lier de St. George) and that they would not make a 
 pofitive demand of any thing but what was abfo- 
 lutely neceffary : that he might therefore chufe, 
 either to promife that Duke Hamilton and he would 
 fign the Memorial with the addition they had now 
 made to it, contrary to their judgment, or t-o refufe 
 & Lord
 
 ( 62 ) 
 
 Lord Kilfyth launched out into a flow of words, 
 reproaching them with not underftanding their own 
 interefts, and telling them, that the Union of the 
 two kingdoms of Great Britain would be fo preju- 
 dicial to France, and the riling of the Scots to pre- 
 vent it, fo advantageous to that nation, that the 
 King could never give enough to prevent the one, 
 or to bring about the other. 
 
 I feared the confequences of this fpeech ; and 
 therefore interrupted him fomewhat fhortly in this 
 place, telling him, that he was miftaken : then ad- 
 drefling myfelf to the others, Gentlemen, faid I, I 
 do not expect that the King will give you, either 
 the number of troops, or the fums of money, which 
 Lord Kilfyth demands ; and if you will be advifed 
 by me, you will not mention them in your Memo- 
 rial. They anfwered, that the Duke of Hamilton 
 diet not think the King would refufe them, and that, 
 at the conclufion of each article, they would oblige 
 themfclves to accept of whatever he mould think 
 proper to give them. They defired me to inform 
 his Majefty of their intentions in that refpect ; 
 and faid, that, to give the greater weight to my 
 teftimony, they would then add to the Memorial 
 an article, by which they would refer themfelves to 
 me as to feveral things they had to fay to me, which 
 would render the Memorial too long, if written ia 
 it. 
 
 Lord Kilfyth, nettled to the quick, got up, and 
 went away. Soon after, he defired to fpeak with 
 me alone ; when he ufed every argument he could 
 think of to perfuade me that the Duke of Hamil- 
 ton's opinion ought to be preferred to every other. 
 I anfwered, that the queftion was not about the 
 Duke of Hamilton's opinion, or that of any other - t 
 3 but
 
 but about their reafons : that I had anfwered every- 
 thing he had faid fo fully, as not to admit of any 
 reply ; and that all that remained was to know his 
 refoiution. 
 
 He anfwered, that he could not feparate himfdf 
 from the Duke of Hamilton. What! my Lord, 
 faid I to him, if the Duke of Hamilton will not 
 ferve his King, or his country, would you imitate 
 his example ? He fighed, dropt a few tears, and 
 then faid to me, I have done the duty of a good 
 friend. It would be wrong in me to carry my 
 friendmip farther. I have pledged my word to the 
 Duke of Hamilton not to fign any thing without 
 him, or before I fee him again. I will return to 
 Edinburgh, and difengage my word. I will then 
 go to the Counteis of Errol's, where I mall expect 
 you, and there I will fign the Memorial. He re- 
 peated the fame things to Lord Stormont and the 
 Laird of Boyn, and then fet out for Edinburgh. 
 
 The Duke of AthoPs indifpofition increafing, 
 he was vifited by a great number of peribns of the 
 firft quality; among others, by his brother-in-law 
 Lord Yefter, fon of the Marquis of Tweedale, a 
 fenfible man, and very zealous for the Union* who 
 being to ftay fome time with the Duke, his grace 
 fent to me his fecond brother, to compl-ain of this 
 unfeafonable vifit, and let me know that it would 
 not be fafe for me to come to his houfe, and he would 
 therefore defire Lord Stormont to anfwer for him. 
 When Lord Stormont went to him, he mewed him 
 their Memorial finifhed. The Duke of Athol de- 
 fired him to fign for him, and then added to it the 
 laft claufe; after which he fent me word, that he 
 had thoughts of lending the Laird of Boyn into 
 France in his name, and in that of feveral others of 
 
 the
 
 the chief pcrfons of the kingdom ; and defired me 
 to let him know whether I approved of his going, 
 and whether I would take him with me. 
 
 I anfwered, that not having had orders to carry 
 any one with me into France, I could not take 
 upon myfelf to do it ; and that as to the Laird of 
 Bcyn's journey thither, I did not think myfelf ca- 
 pable of advifing him in that refpect. He anfwered 
 me, that he thought it necefiary that gentleman fhould 
 go, if it were only to bring them back the King's 
 commands in confequence of their Memorial, and 
 that he would fend him over to France in a neutral 
 fhip. 
 
 A fair copy of the Memorial being written, Lord 
 Stormont figned it firft, and the Laird of Boyn 
 afterwards. 
 
 I told them, that I couid not refufe taking charge 
 of their demands, even though I thought them too 
 great j and that, in rny opinion, they would have 
 done better if they had not afked for fo great a 
 quantity of arms at once. 
 
 They anfwered, that they had thought the fame ; 
 but that the Duke of Athol, and others, had re- 
 ^refented that the King would find it difficult to fend 
 them frequent fupplies, and they therefore judged 
 it mofl advifeable not to run the hazard of want- 
 ing frefh affiftances of any thing but money, which 
 might eafily be fent them from time to time : 
 that the arms they afked for would enable them to 
 wait the making of thofe they fhould afterwards 
 order in their own country ; and their demand con- 
 fequently tended folely to their not being any farther 
 burthenfome to his JMajefty : that they would, how- 
 i ever,
 
 C 65 ) 
 
 cVer, be fatisfied with receiving twenty thoufand the 
 firft time, and the reft foon after. 
 
 Lord Stormont is turned of forty, and he is of the 
 houfe of Murray. He is rich and powerful on the 
 frontiers of England, and in the middle of Scotland. 
 He is a man of great refolution, ftri<5r. probity, and 
 uncommon pretence of mind. He has figned for 
 ten peers, and a great number of gentlemen in the 
 fouth of Scotland. He has given me a lift of tbeir 
 names, and fhewn me feveral of their letters. The 
 peers are, the Duke of Athol, the Earls of Nid- 
 defdale, Traquhair, Galloway, and Home, and the 
 Lords Kenmure, Nairn, Sinclair, Semple, and Oly- 
 phant. 
 
 In all fignatures in Scotland, the peers fign the 
 name of their peerage : the other chiefs, who hold 
 an intermediate rank between the peers and the 
 Gentry, fign the name of their family with their 
 chriftian name : for example, the Laird of Boyn 
 figns James Ogilvie. 
 
 After taking leave of Lord Stormont, who gave 
 me a letter for the King, and another for the K 
 of England, I paid a vifit to the Marquis of Drum- 
 mond. He and his friends had drawn up a Me- 
 morial, of which they gave me a copy : but when 
 they had read that which I was charged with, they 
 defired me to fupprcfs theirs ; and Lord Driim- 
 mond, and the laird of i ogie *, his relation, 
 figned mine in the name of the others, that is to 
 fay, of all the chieftains of the Highlanders of the 
 weft of Scotland. 
 
 * The Laird of Logic figns Tho. Drutnmond. 
 
 F J-ord
 
 ( 66 ) 
 
 Lord Kinnaird figned the Memorial the fame 
 day. He refufed to fee the names of thofe who 
 had ligned before him, faying, that what he did was 
 from a principle of duty, and what he thought every 
 honeit man ought to do , and that he wanted not 
 the authority, nor the example, of thofe who had 
 preceded him. 
 
 The Laird of Albercanie, chief of the family of 
 Murray *, figned it for himfelf and for the Lords 
 of Fintre and of Neuton. 
 
 Being obliged to flay fome time at Drummond, 
 on account of my health, I defired Lord John 
 Drummond to go and fee Lord Brodalbin, and in- 
 form him of what was doing for the fervice of the 
 K of England, and for the good of Scot- 
 land. 
 
 Lord Brodalbin is near eighty years old. He is 
 one of the chiefs of the family of the Campbels ; 
 very powerful in the north and north -weft of Scot- 
 land, and a declared enemy to the Duke of Argyle, 
 who is of the fame family, but abfolutely fold to 
 the Englifh. He is reckoned the beft head in Scot- 
 land. 
 
 The day after his arrival at the Earl of Brodal- 
 bi^'s, Lord John Drummond wrote to me as fol- 
 lows!. " I am well fatisfied with my negotiation ; 
 "for though Lord Brodalbin would not fign any 
 " paper, I found him as hearty in the caufe as can 
 " be wifhed. He promifes to do every thing that 
 " can be expected from a man of his weight, who 
 " is truly zealous for the lervice of his Majefty 
 " (the Chevalier de St. George) ; as he will mew, 
 
 * The Laird of Albercanie figns Murray. 
 
 " as
 
 ( 6; i 
 
 " as foon as he (hall hear of his being landed. In 
 " the mean time he is to fee the Marquis of Drum- 
 w mond again, in order to concert with him mea- 
 " fures for fecuring the fuccefs of the enterprize." 
 
 From Drummond, I went to fee the Earl of 
 Strathmore, who figned for himfelf and for the 
 Earls of Wigton and Lithgow, who had defired 
 him fo to do. He alfo did himfelf the honour of 
 writing to the K . 
 
 His brother, the Laird of Auchterhoufe *, figned 
 for himfelf and for the Laird of Carnwath, whom 
 I mentioned before. 
 
 From hence I went to the Earl of Panmure's, 
 brother-in law to the Duke of Hamilton. He 
 figned the Memorial, and gave me a letter for his 
 Majefly, and another for the K of England. 
 It was there that I nrft learnt the news of the 
 victory of Al mania, which gave great joy to all 
 Scotland. 
 
 
 I ftaid Ibme days with the Laird of 
 who figned for himfelf and for the whole fhire of 
 Angus, giving me a lift of all the nobility of that 
 fhire, of whom he faid he was certain. 
 
 From thence I went to the Duke of Gordon's, in 
 the depth of the North. He would not fjgn the 
 Memorial, becaufe one of the articles of it required 
 the perfonal appearance of the K of England 
 and he could not prevail upon himfelf to think of 
 expofing this Prince to the dangers of war, though 
 
 * He figns Pit. L>on. 
 
 ^ He tgns Tho. Fotheringbam. 
 
 F 2 he
 
 ( 68 ) 
 
 he owned at the fame time that hisprefencc in Scotland 
 would be worth ten thoufand men to him. He was 
 likewife not of the opinion of the others, in their de- 
 manding of his Majefty to fend troops into England 
 orScocland. His Grace thought, that, if the Englifh 
 mould withdraw theirs from the Low- Countries, there 
 would not be any need of this new affiftance, and 
 that the King's forces would be more ufefully em- 
 ployed againft his enemies on that fide. However, 
 in his letter to his Majefty, he approves of the 
 Memorial , and he told me, that he found it agree- 
 able to the fentiments of all his friends, with whom 
 he had taken proper meafures. 
 
 Going to fee the Apoftolical Vicar, I fell ill a fe- 
 cond time at his houfe. 
 
 The Laird of Coxtoun * came to fee me there. 
 tie is about forty-five years of age, has been in the 
 army, and is rich and powerful between the rivers 
 Spey and Nefs, in the north of Scotland. I had 
 informed him 6f my arrival, before I Itft the Earl 
 of Errol's ; and Mr. Murray had feen him fince. 
 He had vifited all his fhire, had conferred with the 
 Stuarts, and finding the Memorial agreeable to the 
 fentiments of thofe he had confulted, he figned it 
 for himfelf, for the Earls of Murray, and for the 
 T-,aird of Grant. 
 
 After recovering my health a little at the Apofto- 
 lical Vicar's, I returned back to the Earl of Errol's 
 caftle. He had confulted his chief friends, and was 
 not fatisfied, (as he declared in a fhort memorial, 
 which he delivered, figned with his own hand) that a 
 treaty had not been made : becaufe, faid he, as the 
 cafe now ftands, we are engaged, and the King 
 
 * He figns Alexis Junes. 
 
 docs
 
 C 69 ) 
 
 does not promife us any thing. But after knowing 
 the reafons of the others, he approved them. He 
 mentions this to the King. He figned the Memo- 
 rial for himfelf, for the Earls of Caithnefs, Eglin- 
 ton, Aberdeen, and Buchan, for Lord Saltoun, and 
 for the fhires of Aberdeen and Merns. 
 
 The Great Marlhal being taken ill at Edinburgh, 
 commiffioned his coufin, the Laird of Keith, to fign 
 for him., and wrote me word, that he was not able to 
 travel, but defired me to aflure the King, that he 
 will be one of the firil to join the K of England 
 upon his arrival. He has likewife promifed twenty- 
 eight field-pieces, and two battering cannon, which 
 are in his caftle of Dunolgo, in the eaft of Scot- 
 land. 
 
 It was now fome time fince I had heard any 
 thing at all of Lord Kilfyth or the Duke of Ha- 
 milton. At length a meflenger came exprefs from 
 Edinburgh, with the following letter from Mr. 
 Hall to the Countefs of Errol. 
 
 " I beg the favour of you, Madam, to tell Mr. 
 " Hooke, that I am to fet out next Monday, to 
 " renew the negotiation with him. 1 hope he will 
 " not go before I arrive, and that he will not con- 
 " elude any thing with the others ; for I am very 
 " fure he will be fatisfied with the propofals 1 am 
 " commiffioned to make." 
 
 I mewed this letter to the Lord High Conftable, 
 who told me, the Duke of Hamilton was afraid the 
 defign would fucceed without him, and that nothing 
 but that fear could make him take fuch a ftep. 
 
 F 3 
 
 Mr.
 
 ( 7 1 
 
 Mr. Hall arrived two days after. He delivered 
 to' me a letter of credence, written with the Duke 
 of Hamilton's own hand, and likewife a letter from 
 his Grace for the King, and another for the K of 
 England, both in cyphers. They are here annexed. 
 He mewed me copies of them. 
 
 In the letter for the K of England, I found that 
 Mr. Hall had not related faithfully what I had faid 
 to him. I complained to him. He acknowleged 
 his error, and gave me that acknowiegment in a 
 writing, wherein he likewife owns, that he had de- 
 manded of me only ten thoufand men ; but he adds 
 in that for the K of England, that he gives only 
 his own private opinion, having had but very little 
 converfation with the well intentioned, fince the fe- 
 paration of the parliament. He adds farther, that he 
 has no doubt of making the K of England mafter 
 of Scotland ; that he demands that number of troops 
 only to be equally Jure of making him mafter of 
 England ; for that it is not worth while to be only 
 King of Scotland. He then expatiates upon the 
 advantages which France will reap from this expe- 
 dition, and upon the victory of Almanza, which, 
 according to him, will enable the King more than 
 ever to fend great fuccours to the Scots ; and he 
 complains, that my journey into Scotland was not 
 fecret. 
 
 *I defired Mr. Hall to remember, that the Duke 
 of Hamilton had propofed, by him, the fending 
 over of only ten thoufand men ; and that, by Lord 
 Kilfyth, he had defired but eight thoufand ; and 
 that he had been refufed. And thereupon I exprefs- 
 ed my furprize, that, after that refufal, he mould 
 increafe his demands, efjpecially at a time when the 
 
 Englifli
 
 ( 7' ) 
 
 Englifli thought of withdrawing their troops from 
 the frontier of Scotland, and were going to fend 
 almoft all their forces out of England and Ireland 
 into Spain ; fo that the Scots had lefs need than 
 ever of foreign troops. 
 
 I made Mr. Hall obferve likewife, that the Duke, 
 in his letter to the King, fays, no one will fuffer 
 more by the Union, than himfelf ; whilfi: he, Mr. 
 Hall, knew full well that he does not lofe any thing 
 by it. That on the contrary, the Union is his 
 fafety ; becaufe it intitles him to the privileges of 
 the peers of England, whofe perfons cannot be ar- 
 refted for debt. That the peers of Scotland had 
 not that privilege before the Union ; and that the 
 Union will therefore be of great fervice to the Duke 
 of Hamilton, who is fo very much in debt. 
 
 Mr. Hall, interrupting me, faid, I was a good 
 fervant to the King, but not fufficiently indulgent 
 towards my friends. That the Duke of Hamilton 
 knew-extremely well, that, fince the glorious fuccefs 
 in Spain, the King would readily give twenty thou- 
 fand men, rather than mifs fo fair an opportunity 
 of ruining England. 
 
 I anfwered, that a very different conftrudtion 
 might be put upon his manner of proceeding. 
 That knowing beforehand, the general fituation of 
 affairs to be fuch, as did not admit of the King's 
 giving ten thoufand men, he had imagined that the 
 demanding of that number would be fufEcient to 
 defeat the enterprize ; and that, fearing now left fo 
 compleat a victory fiiould enable his Majefty to 
 give the number at firft required, he rofe in his 
 demands only to make the affair more difficult. 
 F 4 That
 
 ( 72 ) 
 
 That the manner of acting of the other Lords was 
 much more noble, and more fincere than that of the 
 Duke. I then read to him fome letters I had re- 
 ceived that very day, in which I was told, that 
 fince the news of the victory in Spain, the people 
 were ready to run to arms , that it was difficult to 
 reftrain them -, and that if the King would not give 
 them all they had aiked for, they would be fatisfied 
 with a fmaller affiftance. 
 
 Mr. Hall defired to fee the memorial which Lord 
 Killyth had fpoken of. I begged to be excufed. 
 At laft, he faid to me, I fee plainly that you are 
 diiTatisfied with the Duke of Hamilton j but, not- 
 withftanding that, you will find him one of the fore- 
 moft to join the K of England, however flightly 
 accompanied he may be. 
 
 I then afked Mr. Hall, whether that was all he 
 had to fay to me, after having boafted in his let- 
 ter to the Countefs of Erroll, that I fhould be fa- 
 tisfied with the propofals he was commiffioned to 
 make. 
 
 In anfwer to this, he gave me a paper written by 
 himfelf and dictated by the Duke. 
 
 He therein reprefents the prefent ftate of the fac- 
 tions in England. He fays that the animofity be- 
 tween Lord Marlborough and Lord Godolphin, and 
 the faction of the Whigs, is great ; and that it will 
 not be difficult to gain thofe two Lords. He like- 
 wife propofes a method for exafperating the Dutch 
 againft the Englifh, 
 
 ** 
 
 He
 
 ( 73 ) 
 
 He fays it would be right to fend 2000 dragoons 
 on foot to Scotland, and that he will take care to 
 have them mounted. 
 
 If the K of England pafles over into 
 
 Scotland, he defires me alfo to pafs over thi- 
 ther ; becaufe he cannot have confidence in any 
 but me. 
 
 He aflerts that the credit of the bills of the Ex- 
 chequer will fall in England, the moment the K 
 of England mail land in Scotland with troops. He 
 defires me to fend him word whether I was not 
 ordered to offer him fome perfonal advantages, 
 either m money, or otherwife, and what thofe ad- 
 vantages were. 
 
 He afks what the King will do for him, in cafe 
 he is obliged to fly to France, to avoid the perfecu- 
 tions of the Englifh. He adds, that lord Portland 
 had demanded at Ryfwick, the reftitution of the 
 dutchy of Chatelerault to the houfe of Hamilton ; 
 and thereupon defires me to give him my opinion, 
 whether he ought to demand that dutchy by the 
 ambafladors of England, at the firft treaty of peace. 
 
 A lift has been given me of thofe who will be 
 fitteft to command in each mire. 
 
 Three places are propofed for landing at. Firft, 
 Leith, near Edinburgh. This is thought to be the 
 beft of all, becaufe mips can ride there in fafety, 
 and the K of England will immediately make 
 himfelf mafter of the capital, of all the higher courts, 
 of the fources of money and of trade, and willdifperfe 
 the prefent government. To this is added, that all 
 
 the
 
 C 74 ) 
 
 the inhabitants of that city are for him ; that it will 
 heighten the reputation of his enterprize, and ftrike a 
 terror into his enemies ; that the country is rich and a- 
 bour.ds in provifions ; that the great ftrength of the 
 cavalry of his friends is on that fide-, that the few who 
 are not well -affected to ttys undertaking, will be hem- 
 med in between the fuccours and the friends of their 
 K , who will come in numbers from the northern 
 parts of the country, all the roads being open, to 
 them, fo that they will foon enter England. Where- 
 as, if the K of England lands at the mouth 
 of the Tay, it will be eafy for the Englifh to fetze 
 the paOes, and then his troops will have two great 
 arms of the fea to crofs to go to Edinburgh ; or 
 elfe they will be obliged to go upwards of an hun- 
 dred and fifty miles round about by land, which 
 will give the Englifh time to lay wafte the whole 
 country, and to cut off all communication with the 
 fouth. The confequence of this will be that his 
 Majefty's troops will not be able to penetrate into 
 England all the winter ; whereas two days are fufft- 
 cient to go from Dunkirk to Edinburgh. 
 
 The town of Kirkudbright in the mire of Gallo- 
 way in the fouth of Scotland, is propofed as the 
 next beft place for landing ; becaufe it is fituated in 
 the middle of the Prefbyterians, and in the neigh- 
 hQurhood of the mires that will furnim the moft 
 horfe. It is alib, fay thofe who propofe this place, 
 within the reach of their friends in the north of 
 England, and is not far diftant from Ireland, from 
 whence they expect to get horfes and other affiftance ; 
 and the paffage, add they, from Breft to Kirkud- 
 bright is fhort and eafy. 
 
 The
 
 ( 75 ) 
 
 The Prefbyterians prefer this place -, but others, 
 who would not have the K of England put him- 
 felf at firft.into the hands of the Prefbyterians, think 
 otherwife. 
 
 The third place propofed for landing at, is the 
 town of Montrofe, upon the eaftern coaft of Scot- 
 land, in the fhire of Angus. This town is capable 
 of being fortified, being ftrong by its fituation. It 
 ftands in a good country, upon an eminence, in a 
 fpacious plain, having the fea to the eaft, the river 
 of Southelk to the fouth, a great bafon of water a 
 league and a half over to the weft, and the neck of 
 land towards the north not being above fix hundred 
 yards in width. The K of England will be there 
 in the midft of his beft friends. All the fhires 
 behind him are (launch to his intereft. But he 
 will be expofed to the inconveniencies I mentioned 
 in the article o Edinburgh ; and befides, the fhips 
 will not be fafe along this coaft, and there is not 
 above three or four feet depth of water before the 
 town. 
 
 His Majefty's friends and well- wifhers beg he will 
 be pleafed to chufe which ever of thefe three places 
 he (hall judge moft convenient. 
 
 They propofe the month of Auguft, or Septem- 
 ber, as the moft proper time for fending tiaem fuc- 
 cours. They fay that the campaign will then be 
 pretty far advanced, and that a fmall body of troops 
 may be detached without danger ; efpecially, as the 
 enemy's fleets will then be in Spain, or Portugal : 
 That there will, confequently, be no room to fear 
 for the pafiage of the liiccours, efpecially, if em- 
 barked at Dunkirk : That the feas are not much 
 frequented by the enemy's fhips of war -, that pri- 
 vateers
 
 vatecrs from twenty to forty guns will be fufficient ; 
 that by embarking the troops on board thefe frigates, 
 each fhip will be able to a<5t for its own defence, ei- 
 ther in concert with the others, or feparately ; that 
 the frigates may be eafily collected and got ready ; 
 that they will fail fafter than tranfports, and may be 
 at Edinburgh in two days ; that a thoufand men 
 may be landed at a time at Leith, which is the port 
 of Edinburgh ; for, that this method of tranfport- 
 ing troops being new, will be the lefs flifpeded, and 
 therefore be the furer to fucceed ; and that it will be 
 right to diftribute an equal proportion of arms and 
 ammunition in each frigate, that there may always 
 be a certainty of carrying fafe, at leaft the greateft 
 part. 
 
 They have fpoken only in general terms, in their 
 memorial of the places where they intend to make 
 their magazines. They refer to me for the detail 
 of that affair, and have given me a lift of the fol- 
 lowing places ; namely, 
 
 Inverwfs, and Elgin in the mire of Murray. 
 
 The mire of Murray lies near the fea, and is the 
 moft fertile county in the north of Scotland. 
 
 Invernefs is fituated at the mouth of the Nels. 
 It is a fortrefs, in the caftle of which the Kings of 
 Scotland have often made their refidence ; but it is 
 now falling to ruin. 
 
 This town is above an hundred miles from Edin- 
 burgh. 
 
 Elgin is the capital of the mire of Murray. It 
 is watered by the little Lofs or Loffie. 
 
 Bamf.
 
 ( 77 ) 
 
 Eamf. This town, which gives its name to a fmall 
 fhire, is fituated at the mouth of the Doverne. 
 
 Aberdeen, in the (hire of the fame name. 
 
 The town of Aberdeen is built upon three rocks, 
 at the mouth of the river Dee. Its harbour is a 
 very good one. 
 
 Montrofe, Dundee, and Forfar, in the (hire of 
 Angus. 
 
 Montrofe is a fmall town, but its port is very 
 good and convenient. 
 
 Dundee *, is a pretty confiderable fortrefs, and 
 has a very good harbour. 
 
 Forfar. This town is not preferable to either of 
 the two laft. 
 
 Perth, in the mire of the fame name. 
 
 This town is one of the beft in the North of Scot- 
 land -f. It is provided with good fortifications, and 
 the tide carries (hips up to the town. 
 
 Bruntijland, or Kinghorn, in the (hire of Fife. 
 
 Kinghorn is fituated upon the firth of Forth, three 
 leagues from Edinburgh. 
 
 Edinburgh, Leith, Linlithgow, and Dumbar, in 
 the (hires of Lothian. 
 
 * The Pretender embarked there in 1715. 
 f In 1745, the young Pretender kept pofleffion of it for 
 fome time. 
 
 Edin-
 
 ( 78 ) 
 
 Edinburgh * is the capital of Scotland. It's caf- 
 tle has been thought impregnable. It is built upon 
 the brow of an inacceffible rock, about a mile and 
 an half from the fea. 
 
 Leith is properly the port of Edinburgh. 
 
 Linlithgow has a caftle, and is but twelve milei 
 from Edinburgh. 
 
 Dumbar lies near the fea. 
 Sterling-, in the mire of that name. 
 
 Sterling has a good caftle upon the top of a rock, 
 on the declivity of which the town is built. The 
 Forth wafhes the foot of the rock. 
 
 Glafgow f, in Clidefdale. 
 
 The port of Glafgow is one of the beft in Scotland. 
 
 Ayr or Air* in the fhire of the fame name, fituate 
 at the mouth of the river of the fame name, fixty 
 miles from Edinburgh. 
 
 Kircudbrigbt, in the mire of Galloway, at the 
 
 mouth of the river Dee. 
 
 v 
 
 Dumfries in Niddefdale. 
 
 * In 1745, the Pretender's eldeft fon, at the head of the 
 rebels, made himfelf mafter of Edinburgh, but could not take 
 the caftle, anJ was obliged to abandon the city, and to re- 
 tire. 
 
 f- The ycung Pretender took Glafgow in 1745, but was ob- 
 liged to leave ic in 1746. 
 
 3 Duns,
 
 ( 79 ) 
 
 Duns, in the Mers, fituated pretty nearly in the 
 middle of the {hire. 
 
 ^ in Tiviotdale. This town is built upon 
 the river five or Tife. 
 
 They told me likewife that they do not intend to. 
 eret any magazines in the North ; but that they 
 fhall draw continually from thence wherewithal to 
 keep their magazines conftantly full. 
 
 They have defired the K of England, in orJer 
 to calm the minds of the people with refpeft to their 
 religion, not to promife any thing particular upon 
 that head ; but to promife that he will be directed 
 therein by his firft parliament. They have given 
 me feveral memorials concerning this matter, whidji 
 are too long to be inferted here. 
 
 They hope the Prince will grant a general amnef- 
 ty, without any exception ; and that he will promife 
 to fet at liberty all the vaflals of fuch as mall oppofe 
 him, that thofe vaflals may take arms for his fer- 
 vice. The reafon for afking this, is, that there are 
 but four powerful Lords who have favoured the 
 Union , that they are hated by their vaflals, and 
 that thefe laft, being delivered from their fears by 
 this promife of liberty, wijl forfake their lords, and 
 take up arms for their K ; and by that means, not 
 a perfon in Scotland will be able to oppofe his pro- 
 grefs. Upon this occafion they mewed me, by the 
 lift of the Peers, that, in order to gee the Union 
 pafled, the Queen had created a great number of 
 Peers who have not any thing in Scotland ; and that 
 by this means, l"he had the majority of votes for her,' 
 notwithftanding all the oppofition of the ancient 
 peers, of the (hires, and of the towns, 
 
 They
 
 ( 80 ) 
 
 They have direfted me to reprefent, that the 
 French are as much loved in Scotland, as they are 
 hated in England ; that they retain a pleafmg re- 
 membrance of their ancient alliances , that they ftill 
 preferve feveral French idioms and turns of expref- 
 fion in their language, which are not ufed in Eng- 
 land , that France is therefore always dear to them -, 
 and that they promife themfelves the deliverance of 
 their country, and the reftoration of their K , un- 
 der his Majefty's protection. 
 
 THE
 
 T H S 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 h ! 
 
 | ] 
 
 SCOTTISH LORDS, I 
 
 I 
 
 Addrefled to the 
 
 KING of FRANCE.

 
 THE 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 HI S Mod Chriftian Majedy having been pleafed 
 to offer his protection to the kingdom of Scot- 
 land, in order to reftore its lawful K , and to fe- 
 cure to his nation its liberty, privileges, and indc- 
 pendance , and his majefty having fent the honour- 
 able Colonel Hooke, (who, befides his pad fer vices, 
 has now again given frefh and fignal proofs of his 
 capacity, zeal, and fidelity for the fervice of the 
 moft Chriftian King, and of his Britannic Majeftyi 
 to confer with the Peers and other Nobility of this 
 nation, touching the meafures that may be mod 
 conducive to fo juft and glorious an end. 
 
 We the underwritten Peers and Lords, having 
 feen the full power given by his mod Chridian Ma- 
 jedy to the faid Colonel, do, in our own names, and 
 in the name of the greated part of this nation, whofe 
 difpofitions are well known unto us, accept the pro- 
 G 2 teftion
 
 ( 84 ) 
 
 te&ion and affiftance of his moft Chriftian Majefty 
 with the utmoft gratitude ; and we take the liberty 
 moft humbly to lay before his faid majefty the fol- 
 lowing reprefentation of the prefent flare of this na- 
 tion, and of the things we (land in need of. 
 
 The greateft part of Scotland has always been 
 well-difpoied for the fervice of its lawful K ever 
 fince the revolution, as his mod Chriftian Majefty 
 has often been informed by fome among us. But 
 this good difpofition is now become univerfal. The 
 fhires of the weft, which ufed to be the moft dif- 
 affe&ed, are now very zealous for the fervice of their 
 .lawful K . We have defired Colonel Hooke to 
 inform his moft Chriftian Majefty of the motives of 
 this happy change, 
 
 To reap the benefit of fo favourable a difpofition, 
 and of Ib happy a conjuncture, the pretence of the 
 K our Sovereign will be abfolutely nece&iry , the 
 people being unwilling to take arms, without being 
 fure of having him at their head. We have defired 
 Colonel Hooke to reprefent to his Majefty the rea- 
 fons of this demand. 
 
 The whole nation will rife upon the arrival of its 
 K : He will become mafter of Scotland without 
 ^iny oppofition, and the prefent government will be 
 intirely abolifhed. 
 
 Out of this great number of men, we will draw 
 
 25000 foot, and 5000 horfe and dragoons ; and 
 
 ' with this army we will march ftrait into England : 
 
 We, and the other Peers and Chiefs, will aflemble 
 
 all our men, each in his refpedive mire. 
 
 .-. 
 
 The
 
 '( 85 ) 
 
 The general rendezvous of the troops on the 
 north of the river Tay, fhall be at Perth*: Thofe 
 of the weftern Shires mall affemble at Stirling ; and 
 thofe of the fouth and eaft, at Dumfries f, and at 
 DunsJ. 
 
 Thofe that fhall be neareft the place where the 
 K of England fhall land, fhall repair to him. 
 
 We have computed the number of men which 
 will be furnifhed by each of the mires that we are 
 beft acquainted with ; and we have defired Colonel 
 Hooke to inform his moft Chriftian Majefty there- 
 of. 
 
 For the fubfiftence of thefe troops, there will be 
 found in our granaries the harvefts of two years ; fo 
 that a crown will purchafe as much flour as will 
 keep a man two months. There will be commifla- 
 ries in each mire, to lay up the corn in the maga- 
 zines, in fuch places as fhall be thought moft pro- 
 per ; and CommifTaries- General who will take care 
 to fupply the army with provifions wherever it fhall 
 march. 
 
 The fame commiflaries will furnifh it with meat, 
 beer, and brandy, of which there is great plenty 
 all over the kingdom. 
 
 * Perth, otherwife St. John's-Town, is upon the right-hand 
 fide of the Tay, or river of Edinburgh. 
 
 f- Dumfries lies in the fhire of Niedefdale, in the South of 
 Scotland. 
 
 J Duns, is in the Mers, twelve miles from Berwick, in the 
 South of Scotland. 
 
 G 2 There
 
 ( 86 ) 
 
 There is woollen-cloth enough in the country to 
 cloath a greater number of troops, and the Peers 
 and other Lords will take care to furnifh it. 
 
 There is great quantity of linen, flioes and bon- 
 nets, for the foldiers. They will be furnifhed in 
 the fame manner as the woollen-cloths. Of hats 
 there are but few*. 
 
 The fame Commiffaries will furnifh carriages for 
 the provifions, the country abounding therein. 
 
 The inclinations of all thefe fhires (excepting 
 thofe of the weft) for the K of England have 
 been fo well known, and fo public at all times fmce 
 the Revolution, that the government has taken 
 care to difarm them frequently ; fo that we are in 
 great want of arms and ammunition. 
 
 The Highlands are pretty well armed after their 
 manner. 
 
 The fhires of the weft are pretty well armed. 
 The Peers and the Nobility have fome arms. 
 
 There is no great plenty of belts and pouches, 
 but there are materials enough to make them. 
 
 The few cannons, mortars, bombs, grenades, 
 &c. that are in the kingdom, are 4n the hands of 
 the government. 
 
 No great plenty will be found of hatchets, 
 pick- axes, and other inftruments for throwing 
 
 * The natives wear bonnets irftead of hats. 
 
 up
 
 ( 8; ) 
 
 Up the earth : but there are materials for making 
 them. 
 
 CommifTaries will be appointed to furnifli cattle 
 for the conveyance of the provifions, artillery, and 
 carriages; the country being plentifully provided 
 therewith. 
 
 There are fome experienced officers, but their 
 number is not great. 
 
 With refpect to money, the date of this nation 
 is very deplorable. Belides that the Englifh have 
 employed all forts of artifices to draw it out of the 1 
 kingdom, the expedition of Darien has coft large 
 fums : our merchants have exported a great deal : 
 we have had five years of famine, during which we 
 were obliged to fend our money into England, and 
 to Ireland, to purchafe provifions ; and the con- 
 ftant refidence of our Peers and Nobility at London 
 has drained us of all the reft. What our nation 
 can contribute towards the war is therefore reduced 
 to thefe two heads : the public revenue, which a- 
 mounts to one hundred thoufand five hundred 
 pounds fterling a year ; and what the Nobility will 
 furnifh in provifions, cloaths, &c. the quantities 
 and proportions of which will be fettled upon the 
 arrival of the K of England. Having thus 
 fet forth the ftate of the nation, we moft hum- 
 bly reprefent to his moft Chriftian Majefty, as 
 follows : 
 
 That it may plcafe his moft Chriftian Majefty to 
 
 caufe the K our Sovereign to be accompanied 
 
 by fuch a number of troops as (hall be judged fuffi- 
 
 cient to fecure his perfon againft *ny fudden attempt* 
 
 G 4 of
 
 ( 83 ) 
 
 of the troops now on foot in Scotland, being about 
 two thoufand men, which may be joined by three 
 or four Englifh regiments now quartered upon our 
 frontiers. 
 
 It would be prefumption in us to fpecify the num- 
 ber : but we moil humbly reprefent to his Majefly, 
 that the number ought to be regulated according to 
 the place where the K of England mall land. 
 If his Majefty lands north of the river Tay, a fmall 
 number will fuffice for his fecurity, becaufe he will 
 be joined in a few days by considerable numbers of 
 his fubjects : he will be covered by the river Tay 
 and the firth of Forth, and all the mires behind 
 him are faithful to his interefls. 
 
 But if, on the contrary, his Majefty lands upon 
 the fouth-weft or fouth coaft, he will want a large 
 body of troops, on account of the proximity of 
 the forces of the Englifh, and of their regular troops. 
 We believe that eight thoufand * men will be fuf- 
 ficient. 
 
 But with refpect to the number of the troops, we 
 readily agree to whatever mall be fettled between 
 the two Kings , being perfuaded that the tendernefs 
 of the moil Chriftian King for the perfon of our 
 ^Sovereign falls no way ihort of that of his faithful 
 fubjects. 
 
 . We alfo befeech his Majefly to honour this na- 
 tion with a General, to command in chief under 
 our Sovereign of diftinguifhed rank, that the firfl 
 
 * This demand of 8000 men was added merely to pleafe the 
 Duke of Hamilton. All the others had demanded but 5000. 
 
 men
 
 men of Scotland may be obliged to obey him with- 
 out difficulty; and to caufe him to be accompa- 
 nied by fuch General Officers as the two Kings mall 
 judge proper. 
 
 The Peers and other Lords, with their friends, 
 defire to command the troops they mail raife, in 
 quality of Colonels, Lieutenant- Colonels, Cap- 
 tains, and Enfigns : but we want Majors, Lieute- 
 nants, and Serjeants to difcipline them. 
 
 And if our enemies withdraw their troops from 
 foreign countries, to employ them againft us, we 
 hope that his moft Chriftian Majefty will fend fome 
 of his over to our afliftance. 
 
 The great fcarcity of money in this country 
 obliges us to befeech his moft Chriftian Majefty to 
 am ft us with an hundred thoufand piftoles *, to 
 enable us to march ftrait into England. We ftand 
 alfo in need of a regular monthly fubfidy during 
 the war : but we fubmit, in that article, to what- 
 ever mall be agreed upon by the two Kings. 
 
 We likewife befeech his moft Chriftian Majefty to 
 fend with the K our Sovereign, arms for twenty 
 five thoufand foot and five thoufand horfe or dra- 
 goons, to arm our troops, and to be kept in re- 
 ferve, together with powder and balls in propor- 
 tion, and alfo fome pieces of artillery, bombs, gre- 
 nades, &c. with officers of artillery, engineers and 
 cannoneers. We fubmit alfo in this to whatever 
 mail be fettled between the two Kings. 
 
 * This demand of an 100,000 piftoles was added to pleafe 
 the Duke of Hamilton. 
 
 We
 
 ( 90 ) 
 
 We have defired Colonel Hooke to reprefent to 
 his moft Chriftian Majefty the time we judge moft 
 proper for this expedition, as alfo the feveral places 
 of landing, and thofe for erecting magazines, with 
 our reafons for each : and we moft humbly be- 
 feech his Majefty to choofe that which he mall like 
 beft. 
 
 And whereas feveral of this nation, and a great 
 number of the Englifh, have forgot their duty to- 
 wards their Sovereign, we take the Liberty to 
 acquaint his moft Chriftian Majefty that we have 
 reprefented to our K what we think it is ne- 
 ceflary his Majefty mould do, to pacify the minds 
 of his people, and to oblige the moft obftinate to 
 return to their duty, with refpecl to the fecurity of 
 the Proteftant Religion, and other things which it 
 will be neceflary for him to grant to the Proteftants. 
 We moft humbly thank his moft Chriftian Majefty 
 for the hopes he has given us by Colonel Hooke, 
 of having our privileges reftored in France, and of 
 feeing our K and this nation included in the 
 future peace : and we befeech his Majefty to fettle 
 this affair with the K our Sovereign. 
 
 We have fully informed Colonel Hooke of feve- 
 ral other things, which we have defired him to re- 
 prefent to his moft Chriftian Majefty. 
 
 And, in the purfuit of this great defign, we are 
 refolved mutually to bind ourfelves by the ftricteft 
 and moft facred ties, to am* ft one another in this 
 common caufe, to forget all family differences, and 
 to concur fmcerely, and with all our hearts, with- 
 out jealoufy or diftruft, like men of honour, in fo 
 juft and glorious an enterprife. In teftimony 
 
 whereof
 
 ( 9' ) 
 
 whereof we have figned thefe prefents, the feventh 
 day of the month of May, of the year one thou- 
 Iknd feven hundred and feven. 
 
 (Signed) ERROL, 
 
 PANMURE, 
 STORMONT, 
 
 KlNNAIRD, 
 
 JAMES OGJLVIE, 
 N. MORAY, 
 N. KEITH, 
 DRUMMOND, 
 
 THO. FOTHERINGHAM, 
 
 ALEX. INNES. 
 
 LETTERS
 
 \ 1 p 
 
 -fcOffj 3fiO Ifi-iY
 
 LETTERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SCOTTISH LORDS 
 
 T O T H E 
 
 K. of E N G L A N D, 
 
 (The Chevalier de ST. GEORGE*) 
 
 in the YEAR 1707.
 
 
 -wJU 
 
 
 
 ac j"! 
 

 
 LETTERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SCOTTISH LORDS. 
 
 From Lord STORMONT. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I Had the honour of feeing your Majefty's letter 
 by Colonel Hooke. Your Majefty may be af- 
 fmd that we defire nothing fo ardently as to fee 
 you at our head. We have drawn up a Memorial 
 to be prefented to his moft Chriilian Majefty, in 
 which we have given an exact account of the ft ate 
 of this nation, of what we are able to do, and of 
 the affiftance we ftand in need of for the fafety of 
 your Majefty's perfon. Previous to the riling of 
 the people, which will, doubtlefs, be very univer- 
 fal, we fubmit each article of our Memorial to be 
 fettled by your Majefty with the moft Chriftian 
 King , and we wait with extreme impatience the 
 happy conclufion of the Treaty. 
 
 Colonel
 
 C 96 ) 
 
 Colonel Hooke has given upon this occafion 
 great proofs of his capacity and zeal. He will 
 give your Majefty an account of every thing, and 
 will tell you the reafons why this Memorial has not 
 been figned by a greater number. 
 
 We make no doubt but that your Majefty is 
 firmly refblved to maintain and fecure our Religion, 
 our Laws, our Liberties, and our Independance. 
 But as a great many of your fubjedts have forgot 
 their duty, we believe that nothing will advance 
 your Majefty's fervice more than your arrival in this 
 country, and the declarations you will be pleafed to 
 publifh with the advice of your friends, which will 
 certainly quiet the minds of all, and facilitate your 
 Majefty's happy reftoration, whereby we mail be 
 delivered from the tyranny, fervitude, and oppref- 
 fion, we now groan under. 
 
 I moft humbly befeech your Majefty to believe 
 that I have the honour to be, with all poflible zeal, 
 
 SIR, 
 
 Your Majefty's 
 
 Scoon, the 7th of 
 
 May, 1 707. Moft humble, moft faithful, 
 and moft obedient lervant 
 and fubjecl:, 
 
 (Signed) STORMONT. 
 
 The K. of England (the Chevalier de St. George) 
 had not written to Lord Stormont fince laft Year. 
 I had fhewn him only one general letter for all th 
 Prince's friends. 
 
 Frem
 
 tnl 
 
 Prom the Marquis of DRUMMON& 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefty. 
 
 T Doubt not but that your Majefty finds that the* 
 * diligence and prudence with which Colonel 
 Hoocke has acted for your fervice, have been attend- 
 ed with an happy fuccefs : and I am fure that if 
 his moft Chriftian Majefty does but pleafe to ap- 
 prove of the propofals which we have made, no- 
 thing can hinder your Majefty's being reftored to 
 your juft rights, it has feemed to me fo juft and 
 fo neceflary that your Majefty mould fecure to a 
 proteftant people the eftablifhment of their Reli- 
 gion, that I have thought myfelf obliged to fign ; 
 and I befeech your Majefty to believe, that as your 
 fervice has been my only aim in what I have done, 
 fo I (hall conftantly act by the fame rule ; that I mail 
 always be glad to venture my life and whatever is 
 moft dear to me for your fervice, and that I will en- 
 deavour to fhew upon all ocean" ons with how much 
 zeal I am, 
 
 .May it pleafe your Majefty, 
 
 Your Majefty's 
 
 Moft humble, moft faithful, 
 
 and moft obedient 
 
 Druwmond) fubject and fcrvant^ 
 
 the 8th of May, 1707. 
 
 (Signed) DRUMMOND. 
 
 H
 
 From the Earl of PANMURC. 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefty. 
 
 p E R M I T me to thank your Majefty for the ho- 
 nour of your letter laft year, and to return 
 your Majefty my moft humble thanks for your fa- 
 vourable opinion of me. I will endeavour to de- 
 ferve it as much as pofiibly I can ; and I fhall efteem 
 it my greateft happinefs, to find an opportunity to 
 fhew my zeal, and my fidelity towards your Ma- 
 jefty. 
 
 I have feen your Majefty's letters of credence ia 
 favour of the honourable Colonel Hoocke, who 
 well deferves the confidence your Majefty has in 
 him. 1 have reprefented, jointly with feveral others, 
 the ftate of the nation, in a Memorial, which we 
 figned and delivered to the faid Colonel. I there- 
 fore will not trouble your Majefty any farther, but 
 only take the liberty to afllire your Majefty that I 
 am truly, as is my duty to be, 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefty, 
 
 Your Majefty's 
 v 
 
 Moft faithful, moft humble, 
 
 and moft obedient 
 
 Panmure, fubject and fervant, 
 
 the 1 2th of May t 1707. 
 
 (Signed) PANMURE. 
 
 I had not any letter for the Earl of Panmure from 
 the K. of England. That which the Earl fpeaks of 
 fent him laft year. 
 
 3 From
 
 
 C 99 ) 
 
 From the Luke of GORDON. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 T Received with all poffible refpect the honour of 
 * your Majefty's letter, by Colonel Hoocke. I 
 dare anfwer that he has done all that has been pof- 
 fible for your Majefty's fervice. He has fhewn 
 himfelf capable and faithful, and will give you an 
 account of the difpofitions of your Majefty's fub- 
 jects in this nation ; but your Majefty will give me 
 leave to fpeak for myfelf and thofe belonging to 
 me. We never have been wanting towards the fa- 
 cred royal houfe of Stuart, and I hope we never 
 mall. God commands us to reverence our mo- 
 narchs. We are obliged by our birth, and by other 
 engagements, to be faithful to the King, who is the 
 Father of his country. But the paflionate affection, 
 which I have for your Majefty's houfe and perfon, 
 is infpired by gratitude, and is natural to me. Your 
 faithful fubjects cannot be unhappy, if your Majef- 
 ty is happy : and the great Prince, who has taken 
 fuch generous care of your perfon and affairs for 
 nineteen years paft, a generofity not to be matched 
 in all antiquity ; that great Prince, by his affiftance 
 and counfels, will, I truft, render your Majefty 
 one of the greateft Kings that has ever been. The 
 King, your Majefty's uncle, was one of the heroes 
 of your houfe, and he was always a friend of the 
 moft Chriftian King, who, by his tendernefs to- 
 wards your Majefty, mews that the friendfhip of 
 great Princes never is forgotten. I befeech your 
 Majefty to believe, that the kindnefles and favours 
 which I and my family have received from the great- 
 eft of your anceftors, and particularly from the 
 Kings your uncle and your father, have made an 
 H 2 im-
 
 ( ico ) 
 
 impreffion on me which will never be effaced. 
 That your Majefty may have the great merit and 
 perfect virtue of them both, ia my conftant prayer. 
 I am, 
 
 Si R, 
 
 Your Majefty's 
 
 Moft obedient and moft humble 
 fervant and moft faithful fubject, 
 
 From the Caftle of Gordon, 
 "the 1 6th of Afoy, 1 707. 
 
 (Signed) GORDON. 
 
 From the Earl of ERROL, Lord High Conjtable of 
 Scotland. 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefty. 
 
 fatisfadion which I feel in receiving your 
 Majefty's orders, anfwers to my zeal, and hopes 
 of being.one day ufeful in your fervice. I have left 
 rtething undone to reftore your Majefty to the 
 throne of your anceftors ; and though our defign of 
 doing it by the parliament has not had the fuccefs 
 your faithful fubje&s wifhed for ; yet the arrival of 
 Colonel Hoocke, and his diligence in the execution 
 of his orders, have been fb u(eful,,that I hope, in 
 coniequence thereof, to have the happinefs of fee- 
 ing your Majefty in this country ; an happinefs after 
 which we have fo long fighed, to be delivered from 
 
 op-
 
 oppreffion. Moft of your Majefty's friends having 
 left Edinburgh before the arrival of Colonel Hoocke, 
 all that we could do was to aft in concert, in Ggn- 
 ing the Memorial : and as the Memorial is not fo 
 ample as fome of us could have wifhed, we have 
 defired the faid Colonel to fupply what is wanting 
 therein, by reprelenring feveral things concerning 
 which we have inftru&ed him. He will -alfo in- 
 form your Majefty, how much this nation is gene- 
 rally well affected to your fervice, and with how 
 much pleafure we (hall venture our lives and for- 
 tunes for fo juft a caufe. No one will concur 
 therein more heartily than I, who conftantly pray 
 for your Majefty's profperity. 1 am, 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefty, 
 Your Majefty's 
 
 Moft faithful fubjeft, 
 and moft obedient, 
 
 and moft humble fervant, 
 Shins, 
 tne 27th of May* 1707. 
 
 (Signed) ERROL. 
 
 H 3 Frcm
 
 From the Duke 0/ HAMILTON. 
 Written in Cyphers. 
 
 S I R, 
 
 T Hope, that if I do not write oftner, your Ma- 
 * jetty does not impute it to any want of zeal for 
 your Service. I hope that my fervices, when op- 
 portunity has offered, have given better proofs of 
 my inclinations than I could have given any other 
 way. Whilft I was in the country in England, I 
 had no way, no means, to acknowledge the ho- 
 nour of your firft : and when the Duke of Hamil- 
 ton came into Scotland, he had no opportunity to 
 write, except by the poft. 1 fhall therefore begin 
 with acknowledging the receipt of yours of the 
 fourth of March. Having, unhappily, been very 
 ill for two months pad, I have been deprived of the 
 fatisfa&ion of feeing Colonel Hoocke. It was im- 
 poffible for me to do it in my fituation, both by 
 reafon of my illnefs, and on account of thofe that 
 were about me. I return my moft humble thanks 
 for what your Majefty has had the goodnefs to fay 
 In yours of the 4th of March, concerning the Gar- 
 ter*. 
 v 
 
 As to the propofal made by Colonel Hoocke, to 
 give "f five thoufand men, I cannot approve of it. 
 
 * The K. of England had promifed, in this letter, to give 
 the Duke of Hamilton the Garter. 
 
 f- Mr. Hall told the Duke of Hamilton that I had propofed 
 to h;m the giving of five thoufand men. He un-fays this in 
 J)is letter of the z$d of May, and owns that I had refufed him 
 five thoufand men. 
 
 But
 
 ( 10 3 ) 
 
 But in this I fpeak only my own private fentiment. 
 I do not pretend to give the fentiments of others ; 
 becaufe, fmce the feparation of the parliament, I 
 have not had an opportunity of converting with 
 your Majefty's friends. But I am of opinion, that, 
 notwithftanding all the defire of pleafing, the zeal, 
 or the circumftances of fome, may induce them to 
 do, no thinking man will demand lefs than fifteen 
 thoufand men. Your Majefty's reputation depends 
 upon it : for this affair cannot be attempted twice. 
 
 If Scotland alone was aimed at, I mould not 
 make this difficulty about it : but it is not worth 
 while to come for Scotland only. England is the 
 object. And though the Union has dilpofed the 
 weft of Scotland favourably for the King, yet that 
 does not remedy the other inconveniencics, or the 
 difficulties with refpect to England : and it were to 
 be wifhed that his moft Chriftian Majefty would 
 confider, that he will thereby fecure his own affairs, 
 as well as the King of Spain, at the fame time that 
 he is fupporting your Majefty. 
 
 If you come, come ftrong : other wife you will 
 not make up an army : and this will not only en- 
 courage your enemies, but will alfo be the caufe 
 that thofe who mail have joined you, will forlake 
 you. 
 
 Now that the King of Spain has gained a com- 
 plete victory, it will be eafy for the moft Chriftian 
 King to increafe his fuccours in your Majefty's fa- 
 vour ; which will produce a good peace, or an hap- 
 py war. But the prefent plan is not calculated to 
 gain England : and without that it will not be worth 
 your while to come. 
 
 H 4 It
 
 ( 104 ) 
 
 It is impofiible for me to give all my reafons in 
 this manner of writing : but the Duke of Hamil- 
 ton can fay, that he has frequented the friends of 
 the K. of England as much as another, and that he 
 has not found their number very large. If you ex- 
 pect any thing from that quarter, you will do well 
 to communicate it to fome trufty perlbns here. 
 
 I own that the Whigs and Tories of England 
 have proceeded to great extremities : but your Ma- 
 jefty is the bed judge whether divifions can be of 
 any fervice to you. 
 
 The Duke of Hamilton always flattered himfelf 
 that Lord Godolphin meant well. Yet he was for 
 the Union, more than can be thought. I know, 
 however, that the Whigs in England have refolved 
 his ruin : but perhaps he does not know it. 
 
 Lord Marlborough has been as zealous for the 
 Union, as he, which will caufe the ruin of the royal 
 family, and particularJy yours. 
 
 Excufe what Tarn going to fay. I believe you 
 never was fufficiently alarmed at this pernicious 
 Union. Strange things have patted in this parlia- 
 ment ! Oh ! if you had come at that time ! 
 
 v 
 The Duke of Hamilton had put off this Union, 
 
 and the fucceffion, for feveral years : but the late de- 
 cifions have fpoiit all. 
 
 It is no longer time to fpeak of things paft : but 
 if the Duke of Hamilton had had only twenty thoti- 
 fand pound sfterlingi the Union would have been re- 
 jected. 
 
 4 He
 
 He is often obliged to conceal what he does, as 
 well from your friends, as from your enemies ; as 
 he now conceals from them his writing to you. 
 They have no bad defigns : but yet it is miraculous 
 that fome misfortune has not happened : for Colo- 
 nel Hoocke's being in this country is no fecret. I 
 mail be furprifed if it does not come to the ears of 
 the government. 
 
 I muft do juftice to Mr. Hall. You are much 
 obliged to his diligence. I did defire Colonel 
 Hoocke to get fomething for him, but he has not 
 yet done it. You mould encourage faithful fer- 
 vants, efpecially when they are modeft, like him. 
 
 I have tired you : but yet I have not faid the hun- 
 dredth part of whatl had to fay, or indeed of what 
 is neceffary. I mail end as I begun. Either come 
 with a ftrong force, or wait the will of God. A 
 weak attempt can never be repaired. 
 
 I hope your Majefty will excufe my prefumption 
 in offering my moft humble refpects to the Queen, 
 and that me will look upon the Duke of Hamilton 
 as one of thofe that are moft affectionate to her, 
 whilft he is the Duke of Hamilton. 
 
 May the i9th, 1707. 
 
 The whole of this letter was in cyphers, and it 
 was neither finned nor directed. 
 
 EXTRACT
 
 EXT R A C T 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 L E T T E R 
 
 From the Ccuntefs of ERROL to the Q of England. 
 
 May 29th, 1707. 
 
 A LL the delays which we have differed have not 
 ^ diminished our zeal, though they have pro- 
 longed our miferies and misfortunes. 
 
 Colonel Hoocke has been fo well received among 
 us, that he is able to give an exact account of his 
 negotiations, which will not difpleafe your Ma- 
 jefty. 
 
 I confefs that, after having waited for him a long 
 while, our fervor began to di minim, in proportion 
 to our hopes. But his prudence and good conduct, 
 joined to his indefatigable diligence, has revived 
 <}ur ardor ; and he has put our affairs into fo good 
 order, that we hope they will come to an happy 
 iiiiie. The prefent opportunity is looked upon by 
 all as the beft that has ever offered, and the laft 
 that will offer for a long time. 
 
 All ranks of people earneftly demand their King, 
 and the Scots will certainly return univerfaliy and 
 unanimonfly to their duty towards their lawful So- 
 vereign. 
 
 Though
 
 f 107 ) 
 
 Though the relations of Mr. Murray are very 
 confiderable, and able to do much for your Ma- 
 jefty's fervice ; yet he has not thought proper to 
 promote it in the country, on account of the fitua- 
 tion he is in with refpecl: to the government : be- 
 lides, Colonel Hoocke's activity has been fuch, that 
 he has not flood in need of afliftance. However, 
 Mr. Murray has always been ready to do every 
 thing in his power, and has followed exactly the 
 advice of the laid Colonel. 
 
 EXTRACT
 
 EXTRACT 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 LETTERS 
 
 FROM 
 
 T O 
 
 M. DE CHAMILLART, 
 
 Minifter and Secretary of State.
 
 E 
 L 
 
 X 
 
 E T 
 
 T 
 
 O F 
 
 T 
 
 R 
 
 T H 
 
 E 
 
 A 
 
 E 
 
 R 
 
 c 
 
 s, 
 
 T 
 
 Extraft of a letter from Mr. HALL, written ly ordtr 
 of the Duke of HAMILTON. 
 
 Auguft 2, 1707. 
 
 TH E Duke of Hamilton will not go to Eng- 
 land till he fhall have feen the King's deter- 
 mination with refpeft to the affairs of Scotland ; 
 and it is hoped here, that Sir James Ogilvie of Boyn 
 will brin it foon. 
 
 
 The Duke of Hamilton has informed himfelf 
 more fully concerning the difpofitions of the weft j 
 and this is what he orders me to tell you. 
 
 All the Prefbyterians are refolved to oppofe the 
 Union ; and if the K of England comes to 
 
 Scotland with fix or eight thoufand men, he will 
 have more people for him than he will know how 
 to employ. It will be necefiary that he give the 
 
 com-
 
 command of them to the Peers and Nobility, and 
 the Duke of Hamilton will fet others the example. 
 We have arms in thefe parts, and fome fhires have 
 already officers upon half-pay. 
 
 All that the Brefbyterians demand of the K of 
 England is, to declare againft the Union, and to 
 maintain the parliament, and the independance of 
 the nation. They fubmit to military difcipline, and 
 will not difturb his Majefty on account -of his 
 religion ; only defiring that he will be content to ex- 
 ercife it without much mew. They conjure him 
 only to promife the fafety of the proteflant religion 
 in general, and to refer all the reft to his firft par- 
 liament. All the Tories are zealous for his interefts, 
 but it will be necefiary that he come foon, otherwifc 
 the opportunity will be loft. 
 
 \X7 
 
 Extraft of a letter from tie Duke of GORDON. 
 
 Auguft the pth, 1707. 
 
 E are in great confternation here at not hear- 
 ing from you, and are therefore obliged to be 
 urgent to know what we may hope for. Secrecy is 
 pecefTary in great affairs ; but too much myftery 
 ruins all. May we know at lead, whether we mail 
 >be affifted, or not ? The Duke of Hamilton begins 
 to efpoufe our interefts heartily. There are people 
 here who infmuate that you do not intend to aflift 
 us. If you do intend it, the opportunity is favour- 
 able, and never will be found again. 
 
 Extraft
 
 EXTRACT 
 
 O F A 
 
 L E T T E R 
 
 Frcm the Laird of KERSLAND, Chief of the Prefby- 
 terians in the Jive Jhirts of the South-weft. 
 
 Auguft tie i6th arid 2o/, 1 707. 
 
 A LL is ready here; but if the fuccours do net 
 ** come foon, or at lead if we are not lure of be- 
 ing afiifted within a limited time, all will go to 
 confufion. The people complain, that they have 
 been often made to hope, without any effect:. I 
 will ftill anfwer for keeping every thing ready fome 
 time longer, provided I am fure of the fuccours ; 
 but it would not be juft that I mould lofe my for- 
 tune for my goud will. Long delays will ruin us 
 all. 
 
 We are all convinced, that the only way to fave 
 Scotland is to reftore our K . The opportunity 
 is excellent ; it never was fo good ; and if you lolc 
 it, it never will be found again. 
 
 The Union is fo univerfally detefted, that it has 
 changed the hearts of the greateft ertemies of the 
 K of England. I mould not wonder if this 
 change mould not be eafily believed in France j 
 for I am furprized at it mylejf, and yet it is true, 
 
 I The
 
 The attachment which the Chiefs of the Came- 
 ronians have always had for my Family, enables me 
 to anfwer for them ; and I will readily venture my- 
 felf oh this occafion, provided 1 am fure of not 
 bting forfaken : for the Englim will not fpare me. 
 
 Do not give credit to all the intelligence that may 
 be fent from thefe fhires by any other channel than 
 mine; for I am informed that others make ufe of 
 my name, without my knowledge. We are ready 
 to give every fecurity that mail be defired for the 
 performance of our promifes. Once more, do not 
 lofe time ; for if you do, you lofe every thing. 
 
 EXTRACT
 
 EXTRACT 
 
 O F A 
 
 ETTER 
 
 From (be Duchefs of GORDON. 
 
 O R God's fake ! What are you thinking of ? 
 
 Is it poffible, that after having ventured all to 
 fhew our zeal, we have neither affiftance nor an- 
 fwer. 
 
 All is loft for want of knowing what meafures 
 ought to be taken. Several of the greateft parti- 
 fans of the Union acknowledge their error and come 
 over to us. If we are left in the uncertainty we are 
 now in, the people will grow cool. The Chieftains 
 will fear for themfelves when they find they are def- 
 pifed, and will make their peace, not to have an 
 halter always about their necks. Give me but a 
 pofitive promife, and all will go' well. The Chief- 
 tains will then find no difficulty in keeping every 
 thing ready againft the arrival of the fuccours ; 
 but our hearts are funk by this continual uncer- 
 tainty. 
 
 I 2 ' Come,
 
 Come when you pleafe, and to what port you 
 pleafe, you will be well received , but if you do 
 not come foon, or if you do not fend us fpeedily 
 an afiurance of afliftance, the party will be broken, 
 and it will be too late. 
 
 A T R A N
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 Prefented to the 
 
 Q^ of ENGLAND, 
 
 (The Wife of the Chevalier de St. GEORGE) 
 By Father AMBROSE OCONOR, 
 
 Provincial of the Irifti Dominicans.
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 MEMORIAL, 
 
 WH EN I went over to Ireland, the king my 
 mafter ordered me to inform myfelf exactly 
 of the ftate of affairs in that kingdom, I have ac- 
 quitted myfelf of that commiffion to the utmoft of 
 my power as your majefty will fee by what fol- 
 lows. 
 
 Having received orders to fail from Breft, not- 
 withftanding the bad fuccels of the Scottifh expedi- 
 tion, I arrived at Ireland on the 7th of May of the 
 prefent year 1708. Having learned the inftant I 
 landed, that all the Lords, Clergy, and Gentlemen 
 of the kingdom had been feized, and all their horfes 
 carried off, I gave intelligence of that to Lord 
 Clanrickard by the fame frigate that brought me to 
 the ifland. The fame day I advanced into the coun- 
 try as far as I could to have fomc converfation with 
 the perfons to whom I was directed by my inftruc- 
 tions to addrefs myfelf. I forbear to mention the 
 danger J run, of being ieized by the erserniss of the 
 I 4 K
 
 ( 120 ) 
 
 K , who having difcovered that I had landed 
 from a French frigate, purfued me on all fides. 
 After the alarm had continued a few days, believ- 
 ing myfelf out of danger, I proceeded to vifit the 
 principal perfons of the province of Connaught, 
 
 who are my Lords Clanrickard, D , B , 
 
 R , Sir Unick Bourk, and Colonel Grene 
 
 Macdonogh. The Lords Clan and B , 
 
 being fick abed, I could not fee them. I fpoke 
 
 to Lord R , who afllired me, that nobody 
 
 was more attached than he to the intereft of the 
 
 K . I went from thence to fee Lord D , 
 
 and 1 learned that both he and Colonel Macdonoch 
 were under arrest at Dublin, 
 
 From the Province of Connaught, I crofled the 
 Province of Leinfter, in my way to Dublin, when 
 I faw Lord Limerick, who is one of the chief men 
 of that country. At Dublin, I found Lords 
 F , D , and F , and Colonel Mac- 
 donogh. After having difcourfed with them on the 
 fubject of my journey, they told me that the king 
 my mailer needed not make the leaft doubt of their 
 fidelity ; that they defired nothing fo earneftly as his 
 refloration, and the being put in a way of contri- 
 buting thereto ; but that he could not be ignorant 
 that they wanted arms and other neceffary things, 
 with a number of troops proper for that purpofe. 
 Hiave not difcovered my commiffion to any others 
 but them, although there are here a great number 
 of perfons of ranis: and credit who are very faithful 
 to the K ; becaufe Lord Limerick and Lord 
 F gave me to underftand that it was not pro- 
 per to fpeak to them of it, as the defcent on Scot- 
 land had failed : But at the fame time they allured 
 
 me, that if the K could fend but a fmall 
 
 number of troops, with arms and ammunition, there 
 
 \would
 
 ( 121 ) 
 
 would not be wanting a fufEcient number of men 
 to fupport his party, there being then a much, 
 greater number of youth proper for bearing arms 
 than there had been for many years paft ; and rhat 
 all the true Irifh throughout the whole kingdom 
 were ready to hazard their lives to ferve the K . 
 
 I endeavoured to difcover the difpofition of the 
 people of the north of Ireland, which is called 
 Scotland, of the province of Ulfter or Ultonia, and 
 I learned from perfons of distinction and credit, 
 that they are generally well-affected to the party 
 
 of the K ; that when they knew his ma- 
 
 jefty was gone to Scotland, they afTembled fecretly 
 in ieveral places apart, to wifli him good fuccefs. 
 
 I know this for certain from Lord F , who 
 
 went thither in the month of June laft with Lord 
 Antrim and I have been affured of the fame thing 
 by other perfons of diftinction, namely, the Bifhop 
 of Downe and Colonel Conanyille, who have great 
 authority in the Province of Uliler, and may be 
 depended upon when occafion requires. They are 
 relations or friends to feveral antient and loyal fa- 
 milies in that north country, on which account I 
 I opened myfelf more particularly to thofe two 
 perfons. 
 
 As to Lord G I was informed, that he was 
 
 as faithful to theK as any other perfon in Ireland ; 
 but Lord Limerick advifed me not to go where he 
 was, for fear of raifing fufpicions both againft him 
 and myfelf, as the place where he lives is furrounded 
 with Proteftants and Prcfbyterians who vifit that 
 Lord. Lord Limerick promiled to deliver to him, 
 with the firft opportunity the inftructions which the 
 K charged me with for him. 
 
 Ic
 
 ( 122 ) 
 
 It may be obferved that all the Lords and. other 
 gentlemen with whom I have fpoken, exprefled their 
 furprize that his majefty never fent fome perfon 
 whom he could truft to inform them of his defign 
 upon Scotland, by which intelligence they could 
 have prevented the imprifonments, and fecured their 
 horfes. They therefore moft humbly beg his ma- 
 jefty, in cafe of any new attempt upon Scotland, 
 that they might be informed of it by fome faithful 
 and diicreet perfon, that they might be upon their 
 guard, and in a condition to perform all the fervices 
 in their power. 
 
 I have employed a gentleman of merit, faithful, 
 and zealous, named Denis M'Menars, who knows 
 all the nobility, and the ftate of every thing in the 
 counties of Clare, Galloway, Kerry, Mayo, and 
 Corke ; he has given me a lift of all thofe who may 
 be depended upon ; and he has aflured me, that in 
 five counties only, the K could raife, in a fhort 
 time 20,000 men, provided he furnifhed them with 
 arms, the counties being in the number of thofe in 
 which there is the greateft number of Roman Catho- 
 lics. The counties of Rofcomrnon, Sligoe, and Leitrim 
 are of the number, full of well-affe&ed Catholics. 
 
 I was, befides, careful to inform myfelf of the 
 \neans for furprifing the city of Galway. A gen- 
 tleman of the family of the Brorunes, who lives in 
 that county, and who formerly ferved in the army, 
 has aflured me, that with 500 well-difciplined men, 
 he would undertake to make himfelf matter of 
 that place, as he knows it perfectly, both within, 
 and without. There is genera^y only a fingle bat- 
 talion in garrifon there ; and upon the expedition 
 to Scotland they put two weak battalions into the 
 place. 
 
 Ac-
 
 ( 123 ) 
 
 According to the opinion of thofe who are beft 
 acquainted with the kingdom and its fituation, the 
 mod proper places for a defcent, and where it 
 could be made with the greateft fecurity, are the 
 counties of Clare and Galloway, and with a few 
 troops that might be tranfported thither, the pro- 
 vince of Connaught might be eafily reduced in a 
 few days ; it being certain, that in the cities Gal- 
 loway, Athlone, and Antrim, which are the flrong- 
 eft in the province, there is not at prefent more than 
 600 men in garrifon, and the Catholics, as is above 
 remarked, being very numerous there, a confide- 
 rable army of them might in a ihort time be raifed. 
 
 The troops at prefent on foot in Ireland are only 
 ten regiments or battalions of foot, three regiments 
 of horfe, and three of dragoons, and as they are 
 not compkat, they do not make altogether more 
 than 6000 men. Commiflions have lately been 
 given out for four regiments of foot, of which L,ord 
 G- is to raife one. This is the fhort account 
 which I am able to give of the prefent fituation of 
 affairs in Ireland. I infinuated to the principal no- 
 bility, that they ought to fend to the K a trufty 
 perfon to allure his Majefty of their heartinefs in his 
 caufe, and of all that is abovementioned ; but it 
 feemed to me, that they durft not hazard a deputa- 
 tion in Ib dangerous a juncture, every place being 
 full of fpies to enfnare the faithful fubjeds, fo that 
 even their own fhadow affrights them. They there- 
 fore thought that it would be more proper, that I 
 myfelf mould return to France to inform his Majefty 
 of every thing , and I thought myfelf obliged in 
 honour and conference to undertake the journey, 
 though it mould even coft me my life. 
 
 I left
 
 (124 ) 
 
 I left Dublin the i ith of Auguft laft. At Lon- 
 don I law twenty -three Lords ; the Lord Marfhal 
 
 of Scotland, and Lord Drummond. Lord F r , 
 
 who had lately come to England with his Lady, and 
 whom, as I have mentioned, 1 faw in Ireland, 
 procured me an interview with two Lords in the 
 Tower of London, where they were prifoners, when 
 I came away. Thefe Lords knowing I was going 
 to France, inftantly charged me to tell your Majefty 
 and the K from them, that they, and generally 
 all the Scottifli nation, are faithful, and attached to 
 the intereft of the K their lawful Sovereign \ and 
 that they expected his Majefty would make a fecond 
 attempt, the fooner the better for his Majefty, as a 
 delay would only diminifti the number of thofe who 
 wifhed his coming -, but that his Majefty ought to 
 bring with him, if pofTible, 10,000 men, and to 
 fend before a confiderable fum of money, to be put 
 into the hands of fome Scottifli Lord of known loy- 
 alty and great reputation, to be diftributed among 
 the Lords and Gentlemen of that nation, who can 
 beft employ it for the intereft and fervice of the 
 K -. That fome troops at the fame time muft be 
 fent to Ireland, to the number of 5000 men, if 
 poffible, with ammunition and arms for 10,000 
 more-, and alfo, that other 10,000 men muft be 
 ready to land on the coafts of England next to 
 Scotland. Ireland at prefent abounds with all forts 
 of provifions, fo that in whatever part of that 
 kingdom the defcerit be made, there will be no dif- 
 ficulty to fubfift a great army. The city of Gallo- 
 way has a good harbour and a fine bay, where a 
 large fleet may ride in fafety -, and in the city are 
 large magazines of French, Spanifh, and Portugal 
 wines, of aqua vitae, fait, and other commodities, 
 with which that city furnifhes the province of Con- 
 naught ; and the adjacent counties of Clare, Rof- 
 
 common,
 
 common, Mayo, Sligoe, and Leitrim, would furnifh 
 oxen and fheep in abundance. In England like- 
 wife, provifions would be furnimed plentifully, and 
 very cheap, for the fubfiftence of an army ; and as 
 there are no fortified places in the interior part of 
 the kingdom, large contributions may be raifed in 
 the very heart of the country : befides, the Englifli 
 being loaded with taxes, would joyfully embrace 
 the firft opportunity of being delivered from them. 
 
 On the firft rumour in England of the K 's 
 embarking for Scotland, there was a general rim 
 upon the Bank ; and I have been informed by per- 
 
 fons of rank, that if his M y had landed in 
 
 Scotland, the government would inflantly have 
 found itielf without credit and without money. 
 That enterprize has produced at leaft this good ef- 
 fect, that the lower clafs cf people, who were i<ept 
 in ignorance, and were made believe that there was 
 no luch thing as a Prince, who had juft pretenfions 
 to the Crown, now know that there is a King, 
 who watches all opportunities of re afcending the 
 throne of his anceftors. 
 
 The divjfion between the Epifcopals and Prefby- 
 terians here is greater than ever. The latter are for 
 the Prince of Hanover ; but the greater part of the 
 Epifcopals are for the K , out of oppofition to 
 their anfragonifts, who are at prefent the ruling party, 
 by their junction with Godolphin and Marine-rough, 
 and the other members cf the privy council attach- 
 ed to them -, ard perfons of rank have told me, that 
 they believed, if the K had fet foot on Scotland, 
 
 his M y would have drawn great advantages 
 
 from this divifion. 
 
 When
 
 ( 126 ) 
 
 When theK 'sdefign upon Scotland was known 
 in Ireland, .the Proteftants in that country, who are 
 alfo divided, were ftruck with great confternation. 
 Thofe who have been fettled fince the reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth, believe their pofleflions fecure, 
 and that they have a kind of prefcription in their 
 favour ; whereas thofe who are enriched with the 
 confifcated eftates of thofe faithful fubjefb, who 
 followed their K to France, are afraid of being 
 ftripped of them. They are therefore more attach- 
 ed to the prefent government than the others, who, 
 being as it were, naturalized, look upon the new 
 comers with jealoufy, fo that there is no mutual 
 confidence among them. 
 
 A Memorial of the things neceffary for my journey t 
 Scotland *. 
 
 M 
 
 'ONSEIGNEURde Chamillart will be 
 pleafed to remember, that I have had the ho- 
 nour to reprefent to him, that to put the Scots in 
 motion, it will be neceflary, in the firft place, to 
 carry them arms, ammunition, and a fum of money. 
 As to arms, the greater number that can be fent, it 
 will be fo much the better, as it may be depended 
 upon, that they cannot be better employed for the 
 fervice of the K in the prefent juncture, than by 
 putting fo warlike a nation in action againft the 
 Englim, whom they regard as their enemies as well 
 as the French. 
 
 I have reprefented, that it would be neceflary to 
 fend thither 10,000 mufkets at leaft, and as many 
 
 * This is by Mr. Hoocke.
 
 bayonets, with piftols, faddles, and other accoutre- 
 ments, for arming between 2 and 3000 horfe. *. 
 
 As this number cannot be ready by the time of 
 my departure, there muft at leaft be fent with me 
 arms fufHcient for 4000 foot and 1000 horie, with 
 a power to afiure them, that more arms fhall be 
 fent over as foon as they (hall take the field. As 
 to ammunition, as they have at prefent a greater 
 need of that than of arms, it is necefiary to fend 
 them at leaft 20,000 pounds of gunpowder, with 
 balls, in proportion to the arms. Six cannons, two 
 of them of 24 pound ball, with their carriages, 
 will alfo be necefiary, and 2 mortars with bombs, 
 and a train, and powder neceflary for that artillery. 
 
 As the Scots are in great want of thefe fupplies, 
 if they are not ready, it would be better to defer the 
 departure till they mould be all prepared, as the 
 Scots cannot begin to act vigorously foontr than the 
 month of April. As to money, it is not propoled 
 to give them a great fum, till they are actually in 
 the field -, but it is abfolutely necefiary to carry them 
 fome, to be distributed among the leading men in 
 the counties, to enable them to take the field, and 
 to lead their va/Tals againft England. The Q-- of 
 England is fo convinced of the advantage and good 
 fuccefs of the expedition, that however great her wants 
 may be, from this moment me offers to contribute 
 40,000 livres to make a part of the fum of 100,000 
 livres, which me beleves abfolutely uecefiary, and 
 
 * Monfiear de Chamillart gives order? for furnifhing 300x3 
 mufkets, 1000 pair of pilloU, 20,000 pound weight of pow- 
 der, 2 pieces of cannon of 24 pound bail, and 4 of 8 pound, 
 with loco balls for each, 2 ci^iit iiich mortar-, 600 bombs, 
 and a train in proportion.. 
 
 fufficient
 
 ( 128 ) 
 
 fufficient to make the Scots take arms. As to the 
 diftribution of this money, I mall follow exactly 
 the orders that fhall be given me, and according to 
 them, I fnall give the account of the difpofal that I 
 fnall make of it , and of this I cannot give a better 
 proof than the conduct which I obferved in my laft 
 voyage, when I brought back the money, which I 
 had an authority to diftribute there, when I under- 
 ftood that it was not then a proper time to part with 
 it. 
 
 The four Scottim gentlemen, whom I have chofen 
 to go thither with me, to be employed in the diffe- 
 rent fervices for which they are proper, are *, 
 
 Mr. Murray, lieutenant-colonel of the regiment 
 of Lee, who has already made a voyage to Scotland 
 for the fervice of the K , in which he conducted 
 himfelf very prudently, and acquired the efteem 
 and confidence of the principal Lords, many of 
 whom are his near relations, he being of one of the 
 bed families of the kingdom : the hon. Mr. Fleming, 
 whom the fame Lords have fent thither to afllire 
 the K of their zeal. The Qj of England de- 
 fires that he might go with me. Mr. Sgmple, a 
 man of quality, and an old officer, who has ferved 
 the K a long time, and who is particularly known 
 and efteemed by the faid Scottim Lords. Mr. 
 Sinclair, a Scottim officer, of the regiment of Sparre, 
 a brave man, very zealous, and who may be of 
 great ftrvice. Monfeigneur de Chamillart will be 
 fo good as to fettle the fubfiftence of thefe four gen^ 
 tlemen. 
 
 * Monfieur de Chamillart gives orders to pay the officers the 
 expences of their journey to Dunkirk, and fix months of their 
 appointments upon their embarking to each, according to his 
 aharader, upon the famc,footing with Mr. Murray. 
 
 The
 
 ( 129 .) 
 
 The moft proper and probable expedient to con- 
 ceal the true cefign of this voyage, would be to 
 pretend an expedition to North America againft 
 fome of the Englifh colonies, becaufe in going thi- 
 ther from Dunkirk, one muft fail by the north 
 of Scotland, which is the courfe I muft hold. Thus 
 when the arms are embarking, the people muft be 
 made believe, that there is an intention of fending 
 arms to Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, to reduce 
 the forts which the Englim have in Newfoundland, 
 by wMch they protect their cod-fifhery, and after- 
 wards of attacking New England, in concert with 
 the French colonies. It will be necefiary, therefore, 
 that I be charged with a mam commiflion of com- 
 mander in chief in an expedition along thofe coafts, 
 and that the four officers have alfo falfe commifiions 
 for the fame country, that we may be treated as 
 prifoners of war, in cafe (contrary to all appearance) 
 we mould be taken at lea. And it will be neceflary 
 that the commanders of the veflels mould believe 
 that they are really going to the coafts of America, 
 to fecure the fecrefy of the enterprize, till the K } s 
 orders, with which I (hall be charged, be opened at 
 fea. I mention nothing here of my particular in-, 
 terefts, being perfuaded that his Majefly having 
 done me the honour 'to truft to me fo confiderable 
 an enterprize, will furnim me with the means, and 
 a character neceflary to procure me authority with 
 that nation, to which he fends me with ample in- 
 ftructions to regulate my conduct. As to the time 
 of my departure, when the things neceflary for the 
 expedition are prepared, I mail be always ready. 
 
 K A Letter
 
 '3 ) 
 
 A Letter of Monfisur de Cbamillart to the Count 
 d'Eftrades. 
 
 Verfailles, 1708. 
 
 "VT O U will find here annexed a lift of feveral ge- 
 neral and fubaltern officers, who have order* 
 to repair to St. Omers the yth of this month, the 
 King fending to Dunkirk thofe orders that they are 
 to execute. His Majefty defires that yoli would 
 give them all notice to repair thither the 8th of this 
 month in the evening, or in the morning of the 
 9th, and there inform them of their deftination. 
 
 A lift of general officers, brigadiers, and others, 
 whom the King orders to repair to Dunkirk the 
 8th of this month, to execute the orders of the 
 K of England and the Count de Gafie. 
 
 Lieutenant Generals. 
 
 The Marquis de Viltray, 
 
 D'Orington, 
 
 De Galmoy, 
 
 Levy. 
 
 Quarter- m after generals. 
 
 De Ruffey, 
 
 De Fitzgerald. 
 
 Brigadiers. 
 
 De Montandre, 
 De St. Pierre, 
 De Mofny, 
 De Hoocke. 
 De Fretteville, major- 
 general. 
 Braudrezel, intendant. 
 
 Colonels. 
 
 Montandre, 
 
 Mony, 
 
 De Meufe, 
 
 Crecy, 
 
 Danfreville, 
 
 Bauferme. 
 
 Gaydon, a colonel on half 
 pay, in the retinue of 
 Nugent. 
 
 Engineers. 
 
 Salmon, engineer Br. 
 '400 1. 12 s. 
 
 Macfhihie, 150 4 
 
 A com miffary of artillery. 
 
 A guard for the maga- 
 zine of artillery. 
 
 Thq
 
 TH E troops which are to embark with the K - 
 of England. All the regiments are to remain 
 where they are, till they receive further orders. 
 
 Namely, 
 
 Beam, at Dunkirk. Auxerrois, at Bergue. 
 
 Agenois, at Calais. Luxembourg, at A ire. 
 
 Beauferme, at St. Omer. Boulonois, at Lille. 
 
 Only the Irifh officers who were at Hefdin, the 
 detachments of feparate corps, and the brigades of 
 Irifli reduced officers of Arras, cannot be counter- 
 manded directly ; but they are to be flopped at Aira 
 and St. Omer. 
 
 A Letter of M. de Cbamillart to M. de St. Pierre, 
 1708. 
 
 H E King appointing you to ferve in an expe- 
 dition which his Majefty propoies to make in 
 the quarter where you ferve, he orders me to ac- 
 quaint you, that his intention is, that you repair, 
 the 8th of this month in the evening, to Dunkirk, 
 there to execute the orders which fhall'be explained 
 to you from him. 
 
 A Memorial concerning the affair prcpofed in Scotland. 
 
 O tranfport the K of England fecretly into 
 Scotland with troops, it will be necefiary, i. 
 To arm, for tranfporting them, twenty five or thirty 
 frigates, from 20 to 50 guns, or thereabouts, under 
 fiich pretences, as fhall prevent the enemy from 
 gueflmg the true defigrr. 2. To fend them out at 
 a feafon when there fhall be leaft to fear from the 
 winds and from the enemy. 3. To contrive to 
 put a fufficient quantity of provifions on board each 
 K 2 frigate.,
 
 ( 132 ) 
 
 frigate, without giving room to fuipe& that there is 
 any inttntion of en: bai king troops. 4. That the 
 troops be embarked with as little noife as pofiible. 
 5. That the journey of the K of England be 
 neither divulged before, nor at the time or his de- 
 parture from' St. Germain, nor fome days after. 
 
 In obedience to the orders of the King, I will 
 fimply relate what the leading men among the Scots 
 have " often told me, on all thefe articles, and mail 
 add but a very little of my own. There is but one 
 feaman who can form a well-digetfed plan for this 
 expedition. 
 
 1 . In the fingle port of Dunkirk more frigates 
 are to be found than would be needed : and there 
 never will be wanting pretexts for arming them. 
 The fquadron of the Count de Forbin may be arm- 
 ed as ufual. One or two armaments may be made 
 for cruifmg, under the direction of the intendant, 
 as has been praclifed for thefe years part. Private 
 perfons may alfo be encouraged underhand, to arm 
 fome frigates for cruifmg, which may be feized on 
 and employed, when all things mail be got ready ; 
 and his Majefty will afterwards reimburfe them the 
 expences they have been at. If the King think pro- 
 oer to arm two of the veflels in other ports, and 
 lend them to Dunkirk, that would flill more faci- 
 litate the armament ; and thefe two veflels being 
 larger, and capable of receiving more troops, would 
 ren, er a lefs number of privateers fufficient. It may 
 be alfo remarked, that the enemy would never fuf- 
 pec~t an embarkation of troops, when they did not 
 lee any tranfport veffels aflembled. 
 
 2. The enemy cannot keep a fquadron before 
 Dunkirk from the month of November till April. 
 
 The
 
 C '33 ) 
 
 The fouth-eaft and fouth-weft winds, which are 
 moft favourable for the exp^riicion, prevail during 
 the months of January and February, --vh?n thefe 
 feas are pleafant enough, the tempeftuous months 
 being November, December, and March. But in 
 order to pafs over in the month of February, it 
 would be necefiary, that the orders were given to 
 be ready in the end of December or the beginning 
 of January, on account of the ordinary and inevi- 
 table delays that will retard the armament. 
 
 3. The ordinary provifions of the frigates will 
 be fufHcient for the troops that are to be embarked 
 over and above. Two or three months provifions 
 are ufually taken on "board at once for the whole 
 crew of a privateer, which is always double of an 
 ordinary crew. At the moment of embarking, the 
 third or even the half of the crews may be retrench- 
 ed, which will afford much more provifions than 
 will he wanted by the troops. For example, a fri- 
 gate having a crew of i 20 men, is equipped for two 
 months ; by deducting 40 men, who make a third 
 of the crew, there will be provifions for three 
 months for the fourfcore men that remain, if 240 
 men are put on board the fame frigate, they will 
 make with the crew 320 men, who will have pro- 
 vifions for twenty-two days and a half. 1 here will 
 be a third of provifions more if they are put in for 
 three months ; and if one half or the crew be de- 
 ducted, there will be ftill more. Now from Dun- 
 kirk to Edinburgh is only a paflage of two or three 
 days with a favourable wind, and of fix or feven 
 days even with a crofs wind ; fo that there will be 
 provifions enough for them for extraordinary acci- 
 dents or for their return. And if contrary winds 
 Ihould detain the frigates in Scotland a few days, 
 they might be eafily furnifhed with every thing ne- 
 K 3 'ceffary,
 
 ( '34 ) 
 
 eefTar), which is to be found in the country in the 
 greateft abundance. 
 
 4. The time propofed for the expedition extreme- 
 ly facilitates the embarkation of the troops, as his 
 Majefty may put the troops, deftined for that 
 expedition, into winter-quarters, even in Dunkirk, 
 where they may remain to the time of the embar- 
 kation, as a part of the garriion of that place. 
 They may he embarked in Dunkirk road in the 
 fpace of twenty-four hours, by means of the flat- 
 bottomed boats, and thoie of the fifhermen and the 
 fhalloops, which are there always to be found. And 
 it will not be neceffary to communicate the defign 
 to the officers of the troops before the time of the 
 embarkation, becaufe they will always have in the 
 garrifon their camp bed, clothes, and linen, and will 
 have occafion for no other baggage. As to the money 
 neceflary for the officers, it may be put into the 
 hands of the treafurer, to be delivered in Scotland. 
 His Majefty may eafily replace the garrifon of 
 Dunkirk, by troops drawn from the neighbouring 
 garrifons of Calais, Gravelines, St. Omer, &c. who, 
 on that account, may be fomewhat llrong in the be- 
 ginning of winter. 
 
 5. His Majefty needs not advertife the K of 
 England of the time or manner in which he intends 
 to fend him over. It will be diffident to tell that 
 Prince at the time when the defign is to be executed. 
 The general, whom his Majefty fhall entruft with 
 the command of the troops, may caufe to be pro- 
 vided as for himfelf, all that mail be necefiary for 
 the K of England, who may leave St. Germain 
 with a fmall retinue, as for a journey into the coun- 
 try, for which it will be eafy to invent probable 
 pretences. That Prince will find ail that he will 
 
 need
 
 ( '35 ) 
 
 need on his arrival ; he may difguife himfelf on the 
 road, and Ihould not be known till after he has left 
 Dunkirk *. 1 fpeak nothing of the arms and am- 
 munition, as they may, without any difficulty, be 
 fecretly embarked, by diftributing them on board 
 feveral frigates. At Bruntifland, oppofite to Edin- 
 burgh, at Inverkithing, and at Blacknefs, higher up 
 the river, the frigates will be in full fecurity, both 
 agnLiil the winds and the enemy. England is 
 quite open, and deftitute of troops, fo that the Scots 
 will find no oppolition in entering it, nor even in 
 advancing fouth wards. In cafe of misfortune, the 
 Scots may lay wafte the country on the fouth fide of 
 the Firth of Edinburgh, and retire to the north fide 
 of that river, where they will have provifions in 
 abundance, and fo oblige the Englifli to return for 
 want of fubfiftence. This conduct has always fuc- 
 ceeded with them thefe 400 years pad. It was the 
 council which their King Robert I. gave them on 
 his death- bed, and which they have fince always 
 practifed with fuccefs in the ifTue. Cromwel, after 
 having entirely exhauftcd his troops at Dun.bar, and 
 not being longer able to fubfift his army, nor force 
 the paffage of the river, was obliged to grant the 
 Scots all the conditions which they demanded of 
 him, to put an end r/, the war. Thus his Majefty's 
 troops will always be fafe, whether they lucceed 
 againft England, or whether they are obliged to re- 
 tire. This retreat even will be of no imall fervice 
 to the King, becaufe the Englifh will be obliged to 
 keep the fame number of troops to watcn the Scots, 
 
 * The K of Engbnd may pre:end a journey to Aner to 
 fee the D kg of Vend ^me his relation, and <o go from th^me 
 to la Trappe, as the K his father did. After rje has gpiK a 
 few leagues from Anet, he O.ould rake off the ribband of his 
 order, a:id perf rm the reft of the journey under a feigned 
 name, as a young gemleman. 
 
 K 4 which
 
 ( 13^ 7 
 
 which will prevent them from being able to fend 
 them to Flanders. But in the prefent ftate of affairs, 
 there is not the leaft appearance that the Scots would 
 be forced to retreat. 
 
 A lift of officers of the troops embarked for Scot- 
 land, who are arrived fmce the embarkation, and 
 of the number of recruits arrived for the troops. 
 
 The regiment of Beau- 
 
 farme. 
 
 Capt. Vallot, 
 Lieut. Grofiieux, 
 
 la Boeffiere, 
 
 Dufour, 
 
 Serrier, fub- lieutenant, 
 
 i ferjeant, 
 
 23 private men. 
 
 The regiment of Beam. 
 Capt. Cheval. Beaufort, 
 Radeau, 
 
 la Girardiere, 
 
 Leut. la Girardiere, 
 Du Hamel, fub-lieut. 
 Du Mefnil, fub-lieut. 
 3 private men. 
 
 The regiment of Aux- 
 Verrois. 
 Capt. Segnoi, 
 Gromeau, enfign, 
 Rebourg, lieut. 
 Courtenay, fub-lieut. 
 Vernier, fub-lieut. 
 3 ferjeants, 
 
 25 private men. 
 
 The regiment of Age- 
 
 nois. 
 
 Lieut. Arnault, ~ 
 Capt. de Fleury, 
 i ferjeant, 
 
 5 private men. 
 
 The regiment of Bou- 
 
 lonois. 
 
 Major de Carriere, 
 Capt. Dufay, 
 
 Magnol, 
 
 de Surlay, 
 Lieut, de Pierre,- 
 3 ferjeants, 
 
 6 private "men. 
 
 Thl regiment of Irifh 
 
 Galmois. 
 Lieut. M'carty, 
 
 Oleary, 
 
 Rouck, 
 Megan. 
 
 The regiment of Lee. 
 Capt. Magenis. 
 
 A Utter
 
 A letter of M, di BERNIERES to M. * * *. 
 Dunkirk, March 29, in the morning, 1708. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 T Did not expect laft night to have fuch fad news 
 to tell you ; but I have this moment fpoke with 
 the commander of the fecond battalion of the regi- 
 ment of Boulonois, who has arrived in one of the 
 vefTels belonging to the fquadron, called the Zephir's 
 Prize, on board of which were nine companies of 
 the faid regiment of Boulonois. He fays, that when 
 they were jnft about to enter the Firth of Edin- 
 burgh on Saturday, they difcovered the enemy's 
 fleet, in which he pretends to have counted at leaft 
 fixty fail, feveral of which were mips of 70 and 80 
 guns -, that M. de Forbin feeing that he could not 
 prevent their coming up with him, fleered north- 
 wards ; that a little before night, one of the enemy's 
 head-moft vefiels entered into the middle of the fqua- 
 dron, and began to fire guns, and to throw roc- 
 kets, to give fignal to the reft of the fleet ; and, 
 to conclude, that the Zephir's Prize, being a bad 
 failing fhip, and falling much behind, the fea- 
 ofEcers judged it proper to return to Dunkirk, as 
 the wind was favourable for them ; and the faid 
 commander believes that all the King's fquadron is 
 difperfed, which is even to be defired, under the ap- 
 prehenfion that a worfe evil has happened to them. 
 
 A letter
 
 ( 138 ) 
 
 A letter of M. de BERNIERES 'to M. * * *. 
 
 Dunkirk, March 30, 1708. 
 S i R, 
 
 I N C E the news that I had the honour to write 
 to you yefterday morning by a courier of M. de 
 Pontchartrain, on the arrival of one of the veffels 
 of the King's fquadron, on board of which were 
 9 companies of the 2d battalion of Boulonois, there 
 has not been any other news of any kind. But I 
 have interrogated the pilots of that veflel, from 
 whom I have learned more circumftances than I 
 knew of the affair when I wrote to you. 
 
 Firft, Sir, the winds, which to us here appeared 
 favourable for their fpeedy landing, kept always fhift- 
 ing, and prevented their advancing ; there even hap- 
 pened a calm, during which, they did not make the 
 leaft way. At length, when they approached the 
 coaft of Scotland, there arofe a frefh and hard gale, 
 which obliged them to ftand out to fea, fo that it 
 was Friday evening on the 23d, before they reached 
 the Frith of Edinburgh, when they anchored at the 
 mouth of it. Unfortunately at day- break it was 
 ebbing tide, fo that there was a neceflity of waiting 
 till noon to enter the river with the flowing fea. At 
 fix m the morning of the 24th, M. de Forbin made 
 a fignal for all the (halloops of his fquadron, and at 
 that moment they perceived the enemy's fleet, which, 
 fince it had been ieen on. Tuefday the zoth at fun- 
 fet off the banks of Dunkirk, had, as the failors 
 pretend, (leered along the coafts of England, where 
 it had met with favourable winds, by means of 
 which it had reached the river of Edinburgh, ten or 
 eleven hours after ours. 
 
 The
 
 t '39 ) 
 
 The inequality of forces being confidence!, Mr. 
 Forbin purfued the only courfe he had to take, 
 which was to put to fea with a preffing fail towards 
 the north of Scotland, and to efcape from the ene- 
 my during the night. Meanwhile, about three in 
 the afternoon, four of the enemies bed failing vef- 
 fels.came up with us, one of them of 70 guns, 
 which attacked the Driade or the Griffon, but thy 
 are not certain which of the two. The match was 
 not equal, and although the fhip defended herielf 
 very well, fhe would have been taken, if M. de 
 Tourovere, commander of the Augufte, had not 
 come to her amftance. He not only difengaged the 
 King's veffel, but poured in a broadfide into the 
 Englifh fhip to fuch a good purpofe, and fo very 
 near, that he obliged her to retire in all appearance 
 not a little damaged. Night in tne meantime draw- 
 ing on, the four Engl ih veficls thought proper not 
 to engage further, but waited !or the coming up of 
 the reft of their fquadron, which was about a league 
 or two behind. During the night our vefiel, which 
 is returned,. fa\v all their fire, and perceived at fun- 
 fee M. de Forbin, who continued his courfe with 
 full fail towards the north, and cil the veffcls fol- 
 lowing him, this excepted, which could not follow. 
 From all thefe circumftances, Sir, we may conclude, 
 that the defign upon Scotland has failed, that the 
 enemy have taken nothing f:om us, and that the 
 fquacron either united or feparately will return to 
 Breft, by going round Scotland and Ireland, if fome 
 of the light veffels, commandtd by our Flemifh 
 captains, who are perfectly acquainted with thefe 
 feas, do not even directly return hither, if they 
 mould happen to be feparattd, or not be able 
 to follow Mi Forbin in the night, as he carried no 
 lights, left he fhould be followed by the enemy. 
 As every one judges according to his fancy, fome 
 
 ima-
 
 ( 140 ) 
 
 imagine the Fnglifn fleet, believing the ftorm blown 
 over, will fteer direftly for the Frith of Edinburgh, 
 where it was but too well known the defcent was to 
 have been made, and that M. Forbin not being fol- 
 lowed, may, without difturbance, land the K of 
 England and his troops at Cromarty, which is a 
 port in the north of Scotland. Of thefe conjectures 
 none is a better judge than yonrfelf. 
 
 A letter from M. de BERNIERES to Mr. ***. 
 
 Dnnkirk, March 31, 1708. 
 S i R, 
 
 H E Proteus, a king's fhip, which was one of 
 the fquadron deftined for Scotland, arrived in 
 the road to-day about noon, and ten companies of 
 the regiment of Luxembourg, who were on board 
 with fome Irifh officers, M. le Camus, Provincial 
 Commiffary of Artillery, and the Lieut. Colonel of 
 the regiment of Agenois, were immediately difem- 
 barked. This veflel, which is one of the befl in 
 this port, was not equipped for fighting, as 1 had 
 the honour to mention to you, having only a few 
 fai'ors, and far from having all her guns, becaufe 
 fhe had been fitted for a tranfport-fhip, that me 
 might carry the more men and provifions. After 
 tl^e fquadron had been obliged, by the bad weather, 
 to anchor in the road of Newport, me having loft 
 fome of her anchors put in here to fupply herfelf 
 with others, and to get a reinforcement to her crew. 
 This veflel then left the road of Dunkirk on Tuef- 
 day the 2Qth at noon, the fquadron having failed 
 from that of Newport the evening before at eleven 
 at night. The Proteus arrived at the Frith of 
 Edinburgh, on Friday the 2^d, at two in the after- 
 noon, expecting there 'to find the fquadron. She 
 
 pro-
 
 proceeded about two leagues up the river, when fe- 
 veral pilots and a gentleman came on board to fhew 
 them the courfe they muft fleer. There is actually 
 on board the veffel three Scotch pilots who came 
 hither on board her The land officers with whom 
 I have fpoke have all told me, that all Scotland has 
 expected the K of England thefe three months 
 with the utmoft impatience, and that he would be re- 
 ceived there with the utmoft demonftrations of joy ; 
 that even Lord Abel, who they fay is the Duke of Ha- 
 milton, had 6000 men affembled whom he had re- 
 viewed , that at the firft fignal all the river" would 
 be covered with riming- vefiels, and others that 
 would readily give their affi fiance in forwarding 
 the difembarkation -, and to conclude, it was reckon- 
 ed in Scotland, that the fquadron which brought 
 the K of England, confuted of twenty or thirty 
 men of war, and as many tranfports. 
 
 In the evening M. de Forbin appeared with the 
 fquadron at the mouth of the Frith, where he an- 
 chored, as I have had the honour to mention to 
 you ; and on the morrow, at day- break, the enemy 
 alfo appeared but 28 fail ftrong, 18 of which were 
 from 60 to 70 guns. You have been informed by 
 my former letters how their van can came up with 
 him -, but the Proteus being higher up the river, and 
 having a longer courfe to make than the reft, found 
 herfelf nearer the enemy, and (aw them attack the 
 Salifbury, commanded by the Chevalier de Nangis, 
 and net the Griffon or the Driade, according 
 to the account of the firft vefleh The engage- 
 ment was pretty long, and they affure me, that 
 M. de Nangis behaved with great bravery. The 
 Augufte and the Biackwail fought alfo a confi- 
 derable time, but ilill making the bell of their 
 way that they could. It is to be obferved, Sir, that 
 a calm fucceeding, our vefleJs, which were deeply la- 
 3 den,
 
 C '42 ) 
 
 den, made but little way/ whereas thofe of the ene- 
 my, though much larger, were worked with the 
 greateft eafe. They even faw many things thrown 
 overboard in the king's fquadron to lighten the mips. 
 At length, night put an end to the engagement ; and 
 M. de Rambur, who has come to my apartment, af- 
 fures me, that he faw the king's mips difengaged, 
 and on the morning of next day did not fee M. de 
 Forbin. He tells me even, that he drew the ene- 
 mies large veffels in purfuit of him, to give fome 
 refpite to M. de Forbin, in cafe he fhould be fol- 
 lowed. 
 
 The Proteus not having been able to rejoin, nor 
 lee the fquadron, has happily come into port, hav- 
 ing been chafed every day, and even yefterday in 
 the evening ; for the fea is at prefent every where 
 covered with Englifh and Dutch veflels. We even 
 faw laft night flxteen men of war, which a fifher- 
 man, who met them, fays were Englifh, and 
 were thofe that within thefe four or five days con- 
 voyed the tranfports which carried the Englifh troops 
 from Oftend to England. You will underftand, 
 Sir, the force of our enemy at fea, when I tell you, 
 that there is at prefent no lefs than thirteen Englim 
 men of war from 60 to 70 guns, as guard between 
 Bevezieres and the Downs. And I know alfo on 
 gpod authority which I cannot queftion, that there 
 are few days but a fleet of merchantment of about 
 ninety fail, is feen pafling from the weft to the eaft, 
 under a convoy of thirteen or fourteen men of war 
 from 36 to 60 guns. 
 
 I forgot to mention to you, Sir, that the Scottim 
 gentleman who came on board, and who was in 
 France laft winter, related that there has been for 
 fome time paft in the Firth of Edinburgh fome 
 
 Dutch
 
 ( 143 ) 
 
 Dutch Eaft-India (hips, loaded to the value of mote 
 than three millions, which are waiting for a convoy 
 to proceed to Holland. 
 
 Altho' after to-morrow I return to Ypres, where 
 I have feveral affairs to tranfact, particularly, to 
 give order for the fubfiftance of the troops, which, 
 as M. le Marquis de Camy has done me the honour 
 to acquaint me, are to aflemble the loth of April 
 on the line of Commines ; I will, neverthelels, Sir, 
 not omit to inform you regularly of what pafles here; 
 for I can every day have news, if any happens, in 
 twenty four hours time , and Mr. Jollier, Provin- 
 cial Commiffary in this city, a trufty and fenfible 
 man, will take care of every thing on this fide, and 
 fend me information every day. 
 
 A Utter of M. de BERNIERES to Mr. ***. 
 
 'Dunkirk^ April i, 1708. 
 S i R, 
 
 COME days ago I had the honour to inform you 
 ^ that the ten Englifh battalions, which I mentioned 
 to you in feveral of my letters, had embarked at 
 Oftend, and it is now evident to us by the return of 
 the convoy, which we have feen pafs and repafs, 
 that they arrived at the Thames in a very fhort 
 time. The return of the convoy towards Oftend, 
 makes it probable, that there is to be another em- 
 barkation there ; and 1 am even informed by letters, 
 that the other Englifli battalions have received or- 
 ders to march to be likewife embarked. The fame 
 letters add, that on the 29th of laft month they 
 had prepared at Ghent twenty-five field pieces with 
 ammunition, which are to be conducted to Middle- 
 burgh, and from thence to be tranfported to Eng- 
 land 
 6
 
 ( 144 ) 
 
 land with a Dutch battalion. Although the news 
 comes from a very good quarter, I can hardly be- 
 lieve it, not being able to think that England is fo 
 deftitute of cannon and ammunition, that it muft 
 have them from the Low-Countries. Of this we 
 fhall have more certain intelligence in a few days. 
 
 The fea gentry continue here to make abundance 
 of conjectures about the expedition, and many of them 
 believe that M. de Forbin will have made a defcent 
 in Scotland, in fome place to the north of the Frith 
 of Edinburgh ; hoping, that he may have deceived 
 the enemy by fome falfe courfe. Others conjec- 
 ture, that he has always been purfued, and that it 
 ,was impofTible for him to make good a landing. 
 He will be obliged to put into fome port of Swe- 
 den or Denmark, not having provifions enough for 
 the great number of men on board, to allow him 
 to fail for Breft, by the north of Scotland and Ire- 
 land : fo we reckon becaufe the Proteus, which ar- 
 rived yefterday, had provifions only for twelve or fif- 
 teen days. 
 
 It is proper to obferve to you, Sir, that the Pro- 
 teus is loaded with a great number of bales for the 
 K of England, and with arms and artillery. 
 There are alfo fome chefts of arms on board the 
 faft veflel that arrived. Nothing has yet been 
 brought afhore, nor mall be without an order. If 
 you pleafe, we fhall be glad to receive your orders, 
 when you think proper, to inform us what muft be 
 done with the bales j for as to the arms and am- 
 munition, they will probably only be replaced in 
 the arfenal. 
 
 A
 
 C J45 ) 
 
 A letter of M. de BERNJERES to M. ***, 
 
 Tpres, April 4, 1708. 
 
 YX7 E have yet no news of the king's fquadron 
 by Dunkirk. The enemy have publifhed 
 and even printed concerning it an infinite number 
 of bad circumftances and mod prejudicial to us, 
 which for the moft part are certainly not credible. 
 They yeflerday made rejoicings at Menin, and other 
 places in their pofieffiotv, as if they had deftroyed 
 the king's vefiels, and thofe of the whole fquadron. 
 But an Irifhman come from Cftend to Newport has 
 related that he heard a letter read at the Burgomaf- 
 ters of Oftend, in which it was mentioned that the 
 king's (hip named the Salifbury, commanded by 
 M. de Nangis, had been taken by the enemy, not 
 having been able to follow the reft, or difengage 
 herfelf from two large Englifh {hips, againfl which 
 fhe had fought all the afternoon of the 24th of laft 
 month, and which had kept all night within piftol- 
 fhot of her, as I have had the honour to mention 
 to you in my former letters. This is very probable, 
 and agrees with the news I received from the officers 
 of the regiment of Luxembourg who were on board 
 the Proteus. 
 
 But the fame Irifhman fays alfo, that the letter 
 he heard read, mentioned, that the remains of the 
 king's fquadron had entered fome days ago, a firth 
 about forty leagues to the north of that of Edin- 
 burgh, where is the port of Cromarty, which I 
 mentioned to you, and that the Englifh fleet had 
 anchored in the latter firth. If this news, which is 
 likely enough, be confirmed, there is room to hope 
 that the landing will be made good with the affift- 
 
 L ance
 
 ,) 
 
 ance of the Scots, who feem to be very hearty 
 friends, and who feem to me to keep no longer any 
 meafures with England where their intrigues *tr 
 well known. . 
 
 If the Salifbury is taken, which indeed I fcarce 
 doubt of, the enemy will have taken prifoners, be- 
 fides M. Nangis the Captain of the fhip, the Mar- 
 quis de Lewis, Lord Griffin, le Marquis de Meufe 
 Colonel of the Agenois, Mr. Fauerolle Lieutenant 
 Colonel of the Auxerrois, M. de Segent Com- 
 mifiary of War, Mr. Salmon Engineer, five com- 
 panies of the regiment of Beam, twenty indepen- 
 dent Irifh officers, ten Serjeants, ten Corporals of 
 the regiment of Fitzgerald, befides the crew of the 
 fhip. As the engagement was obflinate, a great 
 many, without doubt have been killed. 
 
 A letter of M. de BERNIERES to Mr. ***. 
 
 Tpres, April 5, 1708. 
 S i R, 
 
 T Do myfelf the honour to fend you a copy of a 
 * letter which I have juft now received in cypher 
 from one of my friends in Ghent, with whom I 
 keep a correfpondence. It quite revives my hopes, 
 and flatters me that a defcent will flill be made in 
 Scotland, notwithftanding the public rejoicings of 
 the enemy, and the ridiculous accounts they have 
 ^printed. 
 
 A
 
 A Copy of a letter 'written to Mr. BERNIERES from 
 Ghent i April 3, 1708* 
 
 S I R, 
 
 ^TP H E terrible engagement is reduced to a meer 
 * cannonade, and the compleat victory to the 
 taking of the fingle vefiel of the Salisbury. 1 he 
 affair is faid to have happened in the following man- 
 ner. Upon the arrival of your :fleet at the mouth 
 of the finh of Edinburgh, Mr. Forbin fent for all 
 his captains on board and held a council. The 
 Englifh fleet being difcovered while they were con- 
 fulting together, they immediately weighed anchor 
 and fet fail. The Englifh purfued, firing a great 
 many guns, and raifing a great many fhouts. Your 
 fleet anfwered them, advancing (till in good order, 
 but the Salifbury not being able to follow the reft, 
 was furrounded by the enemy, and taken after a 
 fharp engagement. Another vefiel was like to have 
 been attacked, but it was quickly aiTifled and dif- 
 engaged. Your veffcls, in the mean time, which 
 were lighter than thole of the enemy, getting at a 
 greater diftance from them, the Engliih perceived 
 that their purfuit was in vain, and returned as they 
 fay here to the bay of Edinburgh, where they dropt 
 anchor and made rejoicings for their victory, while 
 your veflels continued failing to the north of Scot- 
 land, where they may try fome other landing places. 
 This is the news of laft night ; but this evening a 
 great number of cannon are fired, to teftify their 
 joy for fo compleat a vidtory.
 
 A letter of M. de BERNIERES to Mr. ***. 
 
 TpreSj April 5, 1708. 
 SIR, 
 
 T Have received the letter which you did me the 
 * honour to write on the 29th of laft month, in 
 anfwer to mine of the 24th. According to your 
 defire, I fend you an account of the number of of- 
 ficers and recruits arrived at Dunkirk fmce the em- 
 barkation of their regiments, having alfo remarked 
 the time of their arrival. In the fame account you 
 will find a lift of the officers of the Irim brigades, 
 landed from on board the Zephir's prize, and the 
 Proteus, the 29th of March laft. I have alfo add- 
 ed two other lifts, one of the troops that have been 
 landed from thefe two vefifels, and another of the 
 arms and bales of cloth, and other merchandize de- 
 ftined for the cloathing fome regiments that were 
 embarked. As the other officers and recruits arrive, 
 I fhall have the honour to fend you a lift of them, 
 and alfo an account of the bales. 
 
 A lift of arms and bales^ &c. arrived at Dunkirk. 
 
 For the regiment r.f Luxembourg. 
 March 22. 500 mufkets. 
 
 3 1 . 1 6 bales of cloth, hats, ftockings, &c. 
 
 For the regiment of Boulannois. 
 March 31. 200 muikets. 
 
 For the regiment of Agenois. 
 March 29. 3 ton of hats. 
 
 April 3. 7 bales, and 3 bales of cloth ftock- 
 ings, fcfr. 
 ' >. The
 
 ( 149 ) 
 
 The troops that have been landed from on board 
 the Zephir's prize, and the Proteus, amount to 550 
 men, exclufive of officers. 
 
 
 
 A letter of M. de BERNJERES to Mr. ***. 
 
 Tpres, April 17, 1708, at 7 in the Evening. 
 
 S i R, 
 
 TT is with great regret that I fend you a meflenger 
 to inform you of bad news ; but M. le Comte 
 de la Motte, hath judged it proper and even necef- 
 fary, that we might receive, with the greater dif- 
 patch, your orders concerning many things which 
 it will be necefiary to take care of. Before the arri- 
 val of my meflenger you probably will have received 
 fome general intelligence of part of the veflels of 
 the king's fquadron, as Mr. de Gay would, doubt- 
 lefs, dhpatch a meflenger to M. de Pont Chartrain 
 upon his arrival. The following account of the 
 bad news I received by an exprefs. To-day, at ten 
 in the morning, ten frigates of the fquadron arrived 
 in the road, all of them belonging to the tovvnf- 
 men. Six others are in view, which 'tis hoped will 
 get in to-day. The officers fay, that they left the 
 
 K of England, and the reft of the fquadron, 
 
 from which they were feparated by bad weather, off 
 the Texel, the 2d of this month, without being 
 able to arrive fooner on account of the contrary 
 wind which only changed yefterday ; and they hope 
 
 that his Br M will inftantly arrive with 
 
 the reft of the fleet, which when they were ieparatcd 
 from it had loft only the Salifbury and the Ecu- 
 reuil. 
 
 L 3 They
 
 ( 150 ) 
 
 They all agree, that on Friday the 24th of laft 
 month, the pilots having pafied the Firth of Edin- 
 burgh by a miftake, they were obliged to return, 
 fo that it was evening before they arrived at the 
 mouth of that river, and that next morning, as 
 they were preparing to fail up, the enemies fleet 
 appeared, which obliged the King's fquadron to put 
 to fea. The Englifh having the wind of us, their 
 van joined us, entered into the middle of our fqua- 
 dron, and attacked the Salisbury, which after de- 
 fending herfelf beyond belief, was, at length ob- 
 liged to furrender and was taken. Notwithstanding 
 the n ; ght, the fquadron kept together, and made 
 all the fail they could to go, and land at Cromarty -, 
 but not one of them underftanding the anchorage 
 on that coaft, M. de Forbin fent the Americain to 
 fee and take fome pilots. That frigate returned, 
 without being able to find any, and the enen:ies 
 fleet forthwith appearing chafed ours fo brifkly, 
 that they were obliged to lay afide their defign of 
 attempting a defcent, and to think only of return 
 ing to Dunkirk, which it appears has cod them no 
 fmall labour, as part of the fquadron only have 
 reached the port from the 2d of the month, and 
 that with great difficulty, although it is not above 
 forty leagues from the Texel to Dunkirk. I am 
 in no fmall anxiety for thofe vefiels that are net yet 
 arrived. 
 
 At the time they wrote to me, they were going 
 xto land the troops which were on board the ten 
 vefiels, to the number of 48 companies, who muft 
 certainly be greatly fatigued. We mall endeavour 
 to accommodate them to the bed of our power in 
 this confufion. But it is truly impofiible to lodge 
 in this city fuch a number of troops, joined to thofe 
 whom we expect, and the multitude of officers al- 
 ready
 
 ready arrived. M. la Comte de la Mothe is going 
 to fend fome battalions to Berry, Gravelines, and 
 Newport, till he (hall have received your orders 
 concerning them, and till chat time I fliall provide 
 for the fubfiftance of them all. It would be very 
 neceffary to place the battalions that are landed in- 
 to fome quiet quarters, where they may recover 
 their health. 1 here is room to believe that fome 
 other veflels, befides the Salifbury are taken by 
 the enemy, which will occafion the lofs of five com- 
 panies of the regiment of Beam, 
 
 Few days will pafs here, for fome time, without 
 fomething new, which I fhall have the honour of 
 informing you of regularly. I am extremely defir- 
 ous to be able to inform you foon of the arri- 
 val of the K of England, who is on board 
 
 the Maroe; and likewife of the arrival of the 
 Auguile, which is the fecond veflfel of the fqua- 
 dron, becaufe, befides the perfon of his majelty, 
 our million is on board thefe two vefieis. Be ib good 
 as to give your orders, if you pleafe, as to the dif- 
 pofal of that money, if it fhould fafely arrive ; 
 namely, if it fhall be fo difpofed as you regulated 
 about three weeks ago. There are alfo arms, am- 
 munition and bales to be replaced. We are mak- 
 ing all things ready for the camp of 20 battalions 
 and 20 fquadrons under the lines of Commmes. I 
 am this moment to fet out for Dunkirk, to take 
 the direction of all that relates to my depart- 
 ment. 
 
 L 4 DUK-
 
 ( 152 ) 
 
 Dunkirk, dpril yth, 1708. 
 2 in the morning. 
 
 Account of Mr. D'ANDREZEL of what pa/fed 
 during tbe voyage of the K. of England, after his 
 departure from Dunkirk on the 17 'th of March. 
 
 T1JIS B. M y fet fail on the lyth of 
 
 * March, at fix in the evening, with five men 
 of war, two others fitted for tranfports, and twen- 
 ty-one frigates. An equal number of vefiels was 
 to have been fent out to the road in the night-time, 
 that the enemy might think that the fquadion had 
 not yet failed. The weather becoming calm the 
 fquadron was obliged to come to an anchor off 
 Newport, where it was kept by contrary winds till 
 the 1 9th at 10 in the evening. During thefe two 
 days of bad weather three frigates, having made 
 fignals of diftrefs were obliged to return to Dun- 
 kirk, and Mr. de Forbin, on the 1 9th, difpatched 
 an advice boat to Dunkirk to get intelligence of 
 them. 
 
 A council was held in the apartment of the K. 
 of England to confider whether they mould conti- 
 nue their voyage to Scotland, notwithftanding the 
 want of thofe forces which were on board thofe 
 
 three veffels. His B. M y decided in the 
 
 affirmative, altho' en board thofe vefiels there were 
 no lefs than 800 men embarked, with many arms 
 and provifions, and fuppofing that the whole fleet 
 arrived in Scotland, it carried no more than 5100 
 troops, IOOQO mufkets, 1000 piftols, and 1000 
 mufketoons and carbines, without any faddles, 
 
 whereas
 
 I *53 ) 
 
 whereas Mr. Hoocke had always declared that the 
 Scots demanded 6 or 8000 men, 20000 ftand of 
 arms, and 1000 faddles. 
 
 Mr. le Comte de Gafie, who had that day, the 
 i ch, received from his Majefty the patent of Mar- 
 fhal of France, and had taken the name of Matig- 
 non, entreated Mr. Forbin to give orders that trfe 
 three vefiels mould rejoin the fquadron as foon as 
 they had furnifhed themfelves at Dunkirk with what 
 they wanted. They next thought of continuing 
 their voyage, and after feveral deliberations as to 
 the place in the north of Scotland, where Mr. 
 Hoocke wan ted them to land, or the firth of Edin- 
 
 gh, the latter opinion prevailed by the advice of 
 Mr. Middleton, and the harbour of Bruntifland 
 was fixed upon for the landing place. From thence 
 it was propofed to fend a detachment to take pof- 
 fefiion of Sterling, where there is a bridge over the 
 Forth. 
 
 After having failed, from Monday at 10 at night 
 to Tuefday at 6 in the morning, we were forced to 
 lie to till 10, to wait for the veffels that had fallen 
 behind. The reft of that day, and all night, 
 we proceeded with a bri(k gale, when his B. 
 
 M y became very fick. We continued our 
 
 voyage on the 2ift and 22d, but the following 
 night, fearing left we fhould pafs beyond the mouth 
 of the firth of Edinburgh, we judged proper to lie 
 to. On Friday the 2^d we difcovered the coaft of 
 Scotland - 9 but, having proceeded too far north, we 
 were obliged to return ibuthwards, to enter the ri- 
 ver of Edinburgh. 
 
 Mr. le Comte de Forbin fent a frigate with an 
 
 Englifn nag up the river, and ordered her upon her 
 
 3 *""-
 
 _ . r ( '54 ) 
 
 arrival to fire 20 canon, the fignal agreed upon be- 
 tween Mr. Hoocke and the Scots. On the 2^d we 
 arrived only at the mouth of the river, near the 
 ifland of May, where there is a light houfe. it 
 was very happy for ns that we did not go farther 
 up; for on Saturday the 24th, at day- break, we 
 perceived fix Englifh vefiels, which we difcovered 
 to be the fame that had appeared off Dunkirk. 
 Mr. le Comte de Forbin, by the favour of a gale 
 of wirid, which came very timeoufly, gave orders 
 for putririg to f-a, and in cafe of a reparation of the 
 fhips of the fquadrcn, appointed them to fail to 
 Cromarty or Invernefs in the north of Scotland. 
 
 The enemies fleet purfued ours very clofe, and 
 four of their vefiels came up with the Augufte, 
 commanded by Mr. de Fcurvruex. They began 
 to engage about 4 in the afternoon, and while they 
 were fighting the K. of England ieveral times en- 
 treated the Comte de Forbin to put him on more, 
 declaring that he was refolved to remain in Scot- 
 land, altho* none were to follow him but his do- 
 meftics -, which Mr. Forbin, after reprefenting to 
 him that it was very improper, refuted to agree 
 to. 
 
 The Engllfh vefiel, not finding herfclf a match 
 for the Augufte, quitt-d her, and attacked the 
 Salisbury, which was farther behmd. After an en- 
 gagement, which continued from 6 in the evening 
 ttfl 9, the 'Griffin and the Augufte having gone to 
 the aflifonce of the Salifbury, night feparated them 
 from us, without our being able to know any fur- 
 ther particulars. Our fquadron was then difperfed, 
 and we judged that the enemy had taken feveral of 
 our mips, and that our only courie, therefore, was 
 to return to Dunkirk, . which we have executed. 
 
 Cn
 
 On Sunday morning of the 28th, we found OUF- 
 felves within 10 hours fail of the land, and within 
 fix leagues of the enemy, whom we loft fight of 
 two hours after. There now only rerhairted twenty 
 vefiels without the advice boat, fo that we had loft 
 five Hnce the engagement, among which was the 
 Salifbury, without reckoning the three that had re- 
 turned to Dunkirk, As we were no longer purfii- 
 ed, the Marfhal de Matignon and Count Forbin 
 propofed to the K of England to attempt a landing 
 
 at invernefs, which his B. M y agreed to; 
 
 but as there was no pilot on board who knew that 
 coait, the La : rd of Boyn was defired to go in fearch 
 of one at Buchannefs, when by a flrong wind that 
 arofe we found it impracticable to conrnue our courfe 
 towards the north. Thefe reafons, and our apprehen- 
 fion or wanting pro vifions, obliged us, on the 2 6th, to 
 direft our courfe for Dunkirk. \Vc fell in with. fix 
 Dutch veflels, which Mr. Forb : n would have at- 
 tacked, and judged that he would have taken, if he 
 had not been charged w : th the perlbn of the K. of 
 England, and the troops and money of the King, 
 The 27th, 'Sth and 2gth, we made but little way, 
 by reafon of the calms ana cc inds. The 
 
 28th two frigates, fent back from Dunkirk, joined 
 the fquadron, efcorted by four men of war. They 
 related that they had run a great rifle of being taken 
 by forty of the enemy's fhips, which they fell in 
 with in the firth of Edinburgh. On the 2pth, the 
 advice boir, which had hmded in Scotland two 
 Scots men, rejoined the fleet, and all the news they 
 brought was, that when they had landed the gentle- 
 men they were ordered to fail off. Since that time 
 the weather has been To contrary, that all we could 
 do was to arrive, on the i ^th, in the road of Dun- 
 kirk, with four veflels and five frigates. We hope 
 the reft are arrived, or will nrr.vc forthwith, in the 
 
 har-
 
 harbour of that city. Mr. d'Andrezel adds, that 
 tho* the landing had taken place, the fuccefs of the 
 expedition would have been, neverthdefs, very 
 doubtful, by reafon of the uncertainty both of a fit 
 place for landing, and of the fuccours that they 
 were to expect to join them. That therefore it was 
 very fortunate to have brought back to Dunkirk the 
 K. of England, the fhips, the troops, and the mo- 
 ney, after running fo great a rifk. 
 
 A Letter of Mr. o*A NDREZEL to Mr. 
 CHAMILLART. 
 
 From the road of Dunkirk^ 
 
 S I R, 
 
 w 
 
 'HEN it was believed that we were not to fail 
 from Dunkirk, according to the orders which 
 you lent me to caufe the troops and the ammunition 
 to be relanded, I had the honour to afk inftrudlions 
 from you as to the difpofal of feveral perfons whom 
 I had fent for from Paris, or who had been affigned 
 to me here by Mr. Bernieres and Mr. Bagnol, for 
 .feveral petty offices among the troops to be employ- 
 ed in Scotland, and I propofed to you that they 
 fhould be payed one month's fallary in lieu of the 
 expences of their voyage, and of their abode at 
 Dunkirk. As they have had a very long and trou- 
 . blcfome voyage, and many of them are even fick, 
 I hope you will approve of my paying them two 
 months fallary, at lead to thofe who have come from 
 j-aiis. 
 
 1
 
 I 157 ) 
 
 I beg of you alfo, Sir, to let me know your 
 pleafure as to the payment of the general officers ., 
 a lift of whom I have received from the Marfhal 
 de Matignon. It confifts of four lieutenant-gene- 
 rals, two quarter mafter-generals, four brigadiers, 
 and a major-general , both as to their pay and their 
 forage, upon what footing, and for what time. Is 
 there any diftindion to be made of the three old 
 lieutenant-generals, the old quarter-malter-general, 
 and the old brigadier, from Mr. le Marquis de He- 
 ny the new lieutenant-general, Mr. Fitz-Gerard 
 new quarter-matter general, and MefTrs. Mauny, 
 Montandne and Hoocke new brigadiers ? Ought 
 we to reckon in the payment the money which 
 they have already received by your orders, an ac- 
 count of which 1 received from Mr. de Pleuveat ? 
 
 Be fo good alfo to mention to me .what you in- 
 tend as to Mr. de Fulleville, who went exprefs from 
 Dunkirk to court, and to whom you gave, at two 
 payments, i 500 livres and 800 livres. The Irifh 
 officers, who came from Languedoc, alfo demand 
 the utenfils for their prefent winter quarters, a me- 
 morial of which I fent you the pth of laft month. 
 We have arrived, Sir, only with four men of war 
 and five frigates ; and know not whether the reft of 
 the fquadron has got into port, or is ft ill behind. 
 Mr. Hoocke, who is going to Dunkirk, will in- 
 form himfelf, and give you notice, till you re- 
 ceive a more exact account from me when I land. 
 I take the opportunity of Mr. Hoocke's going on 
 fhore to afk your orders as to the particulars above 
 mentioned, that the general officers, the Irifh of- 
 ficers, and others, may not be detained at Dun- 
 kirk. 
 
 I have
 
 \ havc.aiio advanced tome money, both in /end- 
 ing pnfti|ir>n< and buying kettles for the fold:. 
 the reimburferjKnc of which I will ak from Mr. 
 deBenneres, the whole not amounting to $oc li- 
 TICS. As I have not touched the mill.on which we 
 brought OQ board, and fball return k to Mr. Ber- 
 nieres in the tame fpecie, the payment which 1 re- 
 quire mufr, therefore, be made by his orders. I 
 ihail not leave Dunkirk before I have replaced in 
 the King's tnagapirrs ail the provisions and ammu- 
 jntkm that woe brought from thence. I will like- 
 wife caufe the* NJfen kc^les, which 1 had bought, 
 .to be replaced, and the fey bales come irom Fa- 
 ns for the King of England. I forgot to tell you, 
 Sir, mat the troops have been iubfiiled on board on 
 the lame footing as marines ; and as the marines 
 are allowed their fubfifience at lea, I fuppoie k is 
 your defire that the lame allowance be a 
 to the fokiarrs. They have futiered diftrds and fi- 
 
 A Letter ef Mr. DEBEKXIERES to Mr. 
 CHAM ILLART. 
 
 d April 1708. 
 S i *, 
 
 'TpHESE few lines are only to accompany the 
 * difpatches of the Maifhal de Matignon, and 
 to have the honour of teffing you, that I came 
 here on die arrival of the K. of England, before 
 I returned to Yprcs, whither the approach of the 
 campaign calls me. I mail wait your orders as to 
 the difpo&l of the money, and the deffinarion of 
 the troops and military ftores, arrived with the 
 King's Squadron, which has loft only the Salisbury, 
 die Ecureuil, die Chateau de Delft, and the Petit
 
 159 
 
 A Letter of the Mar/bat MATIGNOSC, m form of 
 a Journal of the Vcyagi. 
 
 1708. 
 SIR, 
 
 T Had the honour of informing you >f our n- 
 * barkation at Dunkirk, the 1 7th of March, and 
 you will fee by the following journal all that hap- 
 pened fince that time till our jetum. 
 
 On the 1 7th of March, at 4 in the afternoon, 
 Mr. fe .Comte de Forbin fe: fail with the fleet ; bur 
 about two hours after night came on, the wind be- 
 came contrary, and forced us to anchor off" New- 
 port, where we were detained all the 1 8th and j$th. 
 The Proteus, on board of which were. 200 Jbldkzs, 
 and theGuerrier and the Barrenrin, with 200 (bl- 
 diers, each were forced to return, on account of die 
 bad weather, to Dunkirk. The wind changing die 
 1901, at 10 at night, we again let fail, and pro- 
 ceeding with a (hong wind the two following days, 
 on the 2 sd we diicovered the firth of Edinburgh, 
 and in the evening anchored at its mouth. 
 
 Next morning, as we wcre^reparing to enter tie 
 river, we discovered 28 fail of die enemy, which 
 we judged were the ianse that had appeared off Dun- 
 kirk. Mr. de Forbin immediately put to fea by 
 the favour of a wind which happily rofe from die 
 land. The enemy followed within fight, and very 
 near us all day the -24th ; and four of their beft 
 failing vefieis having come up with fome of .our 
 fhips, about four in the afternoon began to cano-
 
 nade the Augufte, after which the Englifhfell upon 
 the SaMfbury. The engagement between the two 
 laft veflels, and fome others on both fides, which 
 had come within half canon-mot of each other, 
 continued till night, with a pretty fmart fire of 
 fmall arms from the Salifbury. As our fleet was 
 difperfed, and the enemy were very near us, Mr. 
 le Comte de Forbin (leered a falfe courfe during 
 the night, which had a good effect, for, on the 
 morrow, we found ourfelves, to the number of 
 twenty fail, at a diftance from the enemy. 
 
 I then had fome difcourfe with Mr. Forbin, to 
 know of him, whether, as we could not land at the 
 firth of Edinburgh, we might not attempt a land- 
 ing at fome other place. He propofed to me In- 
 vernefs, a port in the north of Scotland, and we 
 immediately went together and mentioned our pro- 
 pofal to the K. of England, who received it with 
 joy, and told us that we need only confult together 
 about the proper means, and that he would fol- 
 low what we determined upon. As we had no 
 pilots on board, who knew that harbour, the Count 
 de Forbin fent the Laird of Boynein fearch of fome 
 at Buchannefs. All the 2^th the wind favoured 
 our courfe to the north of Scotland ; but, at 10 at 
 night, a contrary wind arole, which continuing 
 very ftrong all next day, Mr. Forbin faid, that it 
 was time to reprefent to the K the inconvenience 
 of continuing that courfe, which would inevitably 
 occafion the difperfion of the reft of our fleet, and 
 the fcattered mips would run a great rifk either of 
 falling into the enemy's hands, or of being run a- 
 ground, in cafe they were purfued, or even of 
 wanting provifions. The impoflibility of the Laird 
 of Boyne's getting on more, and confequently of 
 bringing us pilots, the uncertainty and rilks of land- 
 ing
 
 ing at a port we were unacquainted with, and where 
 the enemy might again furprize us, with other 
 rifks and difficulties being reprefented by Mr. For- 
 bin to the K. of England, in prefence of the Duke 
 of Perth, Lord Middleton, Mr. Hamilton, Lord 
 Galway, and Mefifrs. Bcauharnois and Andrezel, 
 the K. of England, with the unanimous appro- 
 bation of all thefc gentlemen, determined to return 
 to Dunkirk, where, on account of the calms and 
 contrary winds, we did not arrive till to-day. I am 
 very much afflicted, Sir, not to have a better ac- 
 count to give you, and to have feen all our hopes 
 blafted by fo unfurmountable difficulties. I beg 
 of you to be fo good as to make the King ac- 
 quainted with the excels of my grief on this occa- 
 fion, and believe me to be perfectly, &c. 
 
 Upon my landing with the King, I find that 
 the Salifbury, on board of which was Mr. le Mar- 
 quis de Levy with 400 men, is miffing, and we 
 do not yet know what has become cf the three 
 other fmail privateers. Mr. de Bernieres has in- 
 formed you that he had landed the troops as they 
 had arrived, and had fent them into quarters, 
 where they will need fome repofe. I mall imme- 
 diately order on (hore thofe that we have brought, 
 and mall wait your orders as to the deftination of 
 them and tne general officers. We were only nine 
 ihips in company when \ve arrived here. 
 
 Pro If ably, Sir, you would be furprifed not to 
 receive dilpatches from me when Mr. de Beau- 
 harnois arrived at court. As to this I muft greatly 
 blame Mr. de Forbin, who laft night, about n, 
 fet Mr. Beauharnois on more off Oftend, where 
 we anchored, without mentioning a word of it to 
 me or Lord Middleton, or to any one, except the 
 M Duke
 
 ( 162 ) 
 
 Puke of -Perth alone, whom he conducted Into the 
 King' 3 apartrnent at 10 at night, when his ivlajef- 
 ty was a~ bed.. I haveTpoken of it this morning 
 to the King, who appeared ; much furprifed that I 
 was not inrormed, and greatly difapproved of the 
 proceeding of Mr. de Forbin. Mr. Hoocke will 
 give you an account of the particulars of this af- 
 fair. I have charged him to.confult with you abouc 
 the commifTion which the K- of England has given 
 him for the Queen. I muft, in juftice to him, fay, 
 that, - fince his arrival at Dunkirk, he has behaved 
 wkh much prudence, has manifefted a great zeal 
 the fer vice of the K. of England, and has ad- 
 vanced nothing but what has appeared to us juft, 
 an4c5;.ha vc proceeded from a thorough know- 
 ledge. 
 
 A Letter' of Marfial DE MATIGNON- /<? the King, 
 
 HE K. of England has delivered to me the 
 commiffion of Marlhalof Erance with which 
 it has pleated your Majefty to honour me. I want 
 words to exprefs to your Majefty how much I am 
 affected with fo great a mark of your goodnefs. 
 But. while 1 return your Majefty my moft humble 
 thanks, I venture to take the .liberty toaffure you, that 
 this dignity, how great foeyer, can add nothing to the 
 zeal which animated me to anfwer to the truft which 
 y0ur : JVfcajefty was'pleafed to have in me, as to the exe- 
 cutiorvof a project, of which thegreateft hopes were 
 reafon bly fawned. I hwe informed Mr..Chamillart 
 of the.obftactes ; which prevented the execution of 
 that enterprize v that he might give an account of 
 them to your Majefty. I JIQDC that your Majefty 
 will be&eve r\9y_ much I am afflicted wkh tlic; bad 
 j .CI fuc-
 
 fuccefs of the expedition, and how eager I fliall be 
 of embracing more favourable opportunities of me- 
 riting that favour with which you have been plealed 
 to honour me. 
 
 I am, with the moft profound refpect, 
 Your Majefty's 
 Moft humble 
 
 And moft faithful fubjeft, 
 The Marfcal DE MATIGXOX. 
 
 ^ L:, 1 : Ir. DE B E R x i z R E s to /. '. 
 
 DE CHA;.;ILLART. 
 
 - 
 
 S I R, 
 
 7\T length :. ft& C/.-.teati De^ft, 
 
 " belong : ng ro the fij -^>t- 
 
 !, and of which w- had r,: 
 
 at i me. -.7?rc on 
 
 regiment of 
 .1 miferable' cpndirion, 
 
 hav :iculars, 
 
 :he poll came a - veflel was 
 
 in r -^ds.' 
 
 I exp.a tl: .th thefe 
 
 feven cc the honour of 
 fere 
 fhall have learned the particulars. 
 
 M 2 An
 
 < 164 ) 
 
 An anonymous Letter of a Scotfman. 
 
 ' .-i/^r' 
 
 Edinburgh ', 2 6th Oftc/ber^ 1708. 
 
 S i R, 
 
 T Have received your letter of the i3th, but I 
 * cannot but believe that fome of your letters 
 have been loft. For after all that I have mentioned 
 to you from your friends in this country, and of 
 the ftate they are in, it is impoflible but you would 
 have anfwered me in fome more pofitive manner, 
 as to what we are to expert, than what is contained 
 in your letters that we have yet received. Your 
 friends know, and are fenfible of, the difficulties in 
 which you are. They make not the leaft doubt 
 of the difpofitions and good inclinations of the K. 
 ourmafter; but you cannot but acknowledge that 
 the ftate of your friends here is worthy of pity : 
 their life, their fortune, and all that is moft dear to 
 them, is in danger. In the mean time they are 
 kept in ignorance and uncertainty of what they are 
 to expect. You ought not to be furprifed when I 
 tell you that fome of them begin to lofe their pa- 
 tience, and if this uncertainty continues any time, 
 there will be likewife many others who will lofe 
 theirs. You always bid us hope that every thing 
 will go well ; but you fpeak only in general terms, 
 without fixing any time for our deliverance, or 
 entering into any particulars. Your friends can 
 draw no other conclulion from this, but that you 
 are in the fame uncertitude with them. You may, 
 t per-
 
 perhaps, remain fo for fome time; but for your 
 friends in this country it is impoffible for them to 
 continue long without knowing on whom they 
 muft rely. Think ferioufly of it, I beg of you, 
 inftantly, and don't put off an affair which can- 
 not admit of delay. This kingdom was never fo 
 deftitute of troops as it is at prefent : all the re- 
 gular forces are in Flanders, fo that, befides the 
 garrifons of three or four caftles, there remain in 
 the whole kingdom only two battalions of infan- 
 try, and one fingle company of dragoons ; and 
 we are well informed, that England is at prefent 
 as naked of troops as this country. Mr. Far- 
 quharfon, after flaying near three months in the 
 ifland of Egge to no purpofe, in expectation of 
 the veffel that was to carry him off, being at 
 length difcovered by fome perfons belonging to 
 a neighbouring garritbn, has been obliged to come 
 into the low country, where he waits for fome 
 opportunity of going over to Norway, with the 
 defign of proceeding to France as foon as he can. 
 Our other affairs are much in the fame condi- 
 tion, as they were when I wrote to you formerly. 
 
 M 3 
 
 A MEMO-
 
 A 
 
 ME MO R I A L 
 
 CONCERNING. 
 
 4.i..fc-:i.^,^---T 
 
 The -Affairs of SCOTLAND. 
 
 ;Q li h.::5.'; ..' '. .:' 
 
 TN the prefent flate of things it feems impofiible 
 4> to re-.eftablifh the affairs of France without fome 
 great .and important cnterprife. But what renders 
 an enterprise of that nature very dangerous, is that 
 the whole muft be rifked for the whole, fo that if 
 the enterprise' mould fail (for example, if a general 
 battle flioujd be loft) the confequence might be fa- 
 tal, by putting affairs in :a much worfe condition 
 than before.; and. befides, even altho' the enter- 
 prife ihould* in. fome meafure, . prove fuccefsful, 
 affairs would "not be thereby re-eftablifhed. It is 
 but too well known, that the enemy are not 
 baffied with the lols of one battle or one town, and 
 that nothing but a train of victories and advan- 
 tages over them will be able to reduce them, and 
 we fee with grief how little appearance there is to 
 expect this in the prefent fituation of affairs. The 
 enterprife upon Scotland is diftinguifhed from all 
 others in the following particular, that, fetting afide 
 the perfon of the K. of England, whofe preferva- 
 tiqn ought, to. be very dear, the rifk that France 
 runs is very frfmll, and yet, in cafe of fuccefs, the 
 re-eflablifhment of their affairs is certain. For, at 
 worft, the lofs of a fmall body of troops, and a 
 
 few
 
 few vefiels would make but a fmall change in af- 
 f<;irs ; and if fuccefs attended the expedition, the 
 grand alliance would be directly ruined, and the 
 King in a condition to give law to his ene- 
 mies. 
 
 To be certain of the advantage of this enterprize, 
 we need only confider three things. Firft, Whe- 
 ther the K of England would hazard himfelf to 
 conduct the expedition, for every body is convinced 
 that his prefence is abiblutely neceflfary to make it 
 fucceed : Secondly, whether the enterprize itfelf is 
 practicable ; and thirdly,' whether the enterprize, 
 if well executed, would produce the effect that is 
 pretended in regard to France. 
 
 In the firft queftion, thanks to God, there is not 
 
 the leaft difficulty, his B M - being very 
 
 ready to hazard his life for the intereft of France, 
 even though his own were no ways concerned. As 
 to the 2d, it muft indeed be confeft that difficulties 
 have always appeared in the execution of this pro- 
 ject as often as it has been mentioned ; but it muft 
 alfo be acknowledged that it has hitherto been con- 
 fidered, only, or principally, with regard to the re- 
 ftoration of the K of England, and not as a de- 
 cifive expedient for the re-eltablimment of the af- 
 fairs of France. 
 
 We ought then to confider, whether an expedi- 
 tion to Scotland is, in reality, the beft, not to fay 
 the only means of re-eftablifhing affairs if it fuc- 
 ceed ; and whether the rifk with regard to France be 
 fo fmall, that it would not put affairs in a much 
 worfe condition than they are, although it fhould 
 not fucceed. If upon examination the truth of 
 thefe two proportions fliall appear, the expedition 
 M 4 to
 
 ( 168 ) 
 
 to Scotland will immediately become a capital af- 
 fair, and of the laft importance to the date ; and 
 when it is once confidered as iuch, all difficulties 
 will be furmounted, if efforts be made proportion- 
 able to the importance of the undertaking. For 
 the iuccefs of the expedition in queftion, there will 
 be needed troops, and a general of an eftabliihed 
 reputation. The Scots have always Demanded the 
 duke of Berwick as general, and that the Irifh re- 
 giments might be among the number of the troops, 
 becaufe they fpeak the fame language, and are ac- 
 cuftomed to their manner of living. There muft 
 alio be granted a confickvable ftim of money, and 
 a good quantity of arms and military ftores. But 
 it is not in this that the great difficulty confifts, but 
 principally in the marine ; and it muft be confeft, 
 that nothing but the affair's being decifive for France, 
 would make it practicable to furmount all difficul- 
 ties. But we dare hope, that if the moft experi- 
 enced fea- officers were confulted, fome of them 
 would, without hefitation, take the charge of the 
 affair, and would find out expedients to effectuate it. 
 Prudence feems to require that they mould be con- 
 fulted in the prefent affair, and that their ciecifion 
 ihould be followed. 
 
 The 3d queftion depends entirely upon the pre- 
 fent difpofition of Scotland -, and this cannot be bet- 
 ter difcovered, than by confidering the difpofition of 
 th Scots during the laft expedition of the K of 
 England, when, as it is moft publickly known, 
 aU the kingdom was ready to declare for that prince 
 the very moment he fet his foot on land; and thofe 
 who were in the adminiftration were fo convinced of 
 this, that they had taken meafures to retire to Ber- 
 wick as, foon as they fhould hear that he was landed. 
 The avowed refent.ment of fo many perlbns of qua- 
 lity.
 
 ( 1 69 ) 
 
 lity, who were carried prifoners to London by the 
 Englifh fince that time, and the meafures the Eng- 
 lifh have taken to ftrip them of their vafialages, the 
 plans that have been made for erecting forts in fe- 
 veral places of the country for oppreffing the nobi- 
 lity and gentry, are certain proofs that the prefent 
 inclination of the Scots to fhake off the yoke is 
 greater than ever. The probability of fuccefs at 
 prefent is founded not on the inclinations alone of 
 that people as formerly, but on their own imereft. 
 They fee clearly at prefent, that nothing but the re- 
 turn of their lawful K ,- can fave them from a 
 fhameful flavery. There can be no doubt therefore 
 made of the good difpofition of the Scots. 
 
 As to England, although it is not certainly- 
 known, that there is a party formed for their K ; 
 yet it is evident to every one, that they fupport the 
 war only by the credit of their bank-bills -, and it 
 is well known, that upon the rumour of the late 
 expedition to Scotland, the credit of thofe bills fud- 
 denly funk to fuch a degree, that if the expedition had 
 not fuddeniy failed, the Exchequer, and the Bank of 
 London, would have been Ihut up within three days, 
 and all affairs thrown into the utmoft confufion. 
 And no reafon can be afiigned why the fame thing' 
 mould not ftill happen, upon the firft news of the 
 landing of the K of England in Scotland. If 
 England were once in that confufion, it is eafy to 
 judge what effect that would produce in regard to 
 France. It remains only to be added, that in cafe 
 the fcheme be approved of, there is no time to lofe, 
 and the fooner it is put in execution it will more cer- 
 tainly fucceed. This is the unanimous opinion of 
 all the well-affected in that country. During the 
 winter, corn and hay may be found every where. 
 Scotland and England were never fo deftitute of re- 
 gular
 
 gular troops as at prefent, which are almoft all fent 
 to Flanders $ and r.he army of the enemy is in that 
 fituation at prefent, that it would have the greateft 
 difficulty to fed them any fuccours. Laftly, if it 
 fhould pleafe Heaven to blefs this Icheme with fuc- 
 cefs, it would be, after all that has pafied, a glo- 
 rious finiihing of this campaign. 
 
 -i =nY 
 
 A Memorial prefented by Mr. FLEMING to Mr. CHA- 
 MII.LART,' Minifter and Secretary of State to ik> 
 nwjl Cbriftian King. 
 
 '- 
 
 HpHE faithful fubjecb of the K in Scotland 
 have, for a long time paft, waited, impatient- 
 ly for an opportunity of throwing off the yoke of 
 ufurpers, and refioring their lawful K . The 
 feverity of the new government hindered them from 
 freely communicating their fentiments, till the arri- 
 val of Mr. John Murray in 1703, who behaved 
 with fo much prudence, that he laid the firft foun- 
 dation of the good correfpondence among the well- 
 
 They impatiently waited to know the intentions 
 of the molt Chriftian King with regard tq them, 
 when it pleafed his i Majeily to fend Colonel Hoocke 
 the laft year to Scotland,- wiih an offtr of his pro- 
 tection, and a full power to treat with them, and 
 alfo to honour feveral of their Lords with his let- 
 ter^ They accepted the preteftion of fo great a 
 King with ths mofl perfect fentiments of refpecl ; 
 but the parliament being, then aflernbled, it was 
 impoffible for them to regulate and concert with 
 their friends all the rr>eafures neceflary for the expe- 
 dition, which they had, and ftill have at heart. 
 They opened themielves entirely to the laid Colonel, 
 v.ith whole zeal and conduct they were perfectly fa- 
 
 tisfied,
 
 tisfied, and they obliged themfelves by word and 
 writing, in the letters which -they did themfelves the 
 honour to write to his moft Ciuiftian Majefty, to 
 fend one or more perfons, v,i:h full inftructions, 
 and they named me as the perfon whom they had 
 then pitched upon. 
 
 The parliament having continued its fefllon lon- 
 ger than was expected, the Lords, who had al- 
 ready written to the King, were obliged to delay 
 my departure beyond the time they had prefcribed, 
 to have leillire to take meafures, and to confult 
 with their friends in the counties. But they had no 
 Iboner confulted with them, than they difpatched 
 me with new letters for his moft Chriftian Majefty, 
 and others for the K my mafter ; and they gave me 
 ample and precife inftruclions, which, together with 
 the fubftance of the letters they communicated to me, 
 that in cafe I mould be obliged to throw my papers 
 into the fea, I might be able to inform the two 
 K s of all that was contained in my inflec- 
 tions. 
 
 The misfortune which they forefaw has happen- 
 ed. I was taken, and obliged to deftroy my- papers ; 
 but I hope that I (hall flill obtain credence, the 
 principal chiefs having already mentioned me in their 
 letters, and by Colonel Hoocke. Befides, I have 
 the honour to be particularly known to the Q^-n 
 my miftrefs, and to the Duke of Perth my relation, 
 In confidence of this, I am going to acquit myfelf 
 of my duty, by reprefenring to his mod Chriftian 
 Majefty the difpofition of the inhabitants of Scot- 
 land, and their wants, according to my inftruc- 
 tions. 
 
 Scot-
 
 Scotland is divided into two parts by the river Tay. 
 All the counties on the north of that river are almoft 
 entirely devoted to thefervice of the K. their mafter, 
 and thefe provinces, with the iQands, make almoft 
 two thirds of Scotland. The greateft part of the 
 counties on the fouth of the Tay are alfo well af- 
 fected, as will appear immediately in the more par- 
 ticular account. The counties on the north of Tay 
 are beft {locked with brave and hardy men ; the 
 fouthern counties are more fertile. 
 
 All the chiefs of the mod antient families in Scot- 
 land have a great number of vaffals dependent on 
 them, and are thereby able to arm a great number 
 of men in a few days. The moft powerful of thefe 
 chiefs are thofe who inhabit on the north of the 
 river Tay, and thofe whofe eftates lie near the bor- 
 ders of England. The Duke of Gordon, the 
 Lord High-Conftable, Lord Marfhal, the Earl of 
 Hume, the Vifcount of Stormont, and fome other 
 chiefs, upon whom the well-affected rely for the 
 conducting of this affair, have charged me to repre- 
 fent to his moft Chriftian Majefty, in their name, 
 and in the name of all the well- affected, that they 
 are in a condition to raife 20,000 men, namely, 
 17,000 foot, and 3000 horfe and dragoons. 
 
 They have alfo charged me to inform his Majefty 
 of the names of the leading men in each county, 
 b^- which he will fee, that not only the chief and 
 moft powerful Lords, and the greateft part of the 
 gentry, are engaged in the intererts of the K , but 
 may perceive at one view, that they join hands all 
 together, from the north of Scotland to the borders 
 of England. As the difpofition of the Highland- 
 ers in the north, is, without doubt, well known 
 to his Majefty, it is notnecefiary to prefent him with
 
 < '73 > 
 
 a lift of their names. I am neverthelefs able to 
 give it , but I fhall only fay, that all the clans in 
 the north, and in the iiles, are almoft all engaged 
 in the K 's intereft. 
 
 I mall begin my lift of the well- affected at the 
 county of Rols, which is pretty far north; and I 
 fhall proceed from thence to the borders of Eng- 
 land. In the (hires of Rofs and Invernefs, the 
 Marquis of Seaforth, who is at prefent in France, 
 and his great uncle, will be followed by the greateft 
 part of the people, and by the powerful clan of the 
 Mackenzies. In Murrayfhire we have the Earl of 
 Murray, of the houfe of Stuart, the family of 
 Duff, and the Laird of Coxtoun, and almoft all 
 the country. The Duke of Gordon is very power- 
 ful in the counties of Badenach and Lochabar, which 
 are weft from Murrayfhire, and he will be followed 
 by all the country. Eaft from Murray is Bamf- 
 fhire, where the Duke of Gordon, the Earl Mar- 
 fhal, and the Lairds of Boyn and Auchterhoufe will 
 be among the firft who will take the field. In Bu- 
 chan, Aberdeenfhire, and Marr, we are fu re of the 
 Lord High Conftable, the Earl of Aberdeen, and 
 his fon Lord Haddow, Lord Saltoun, Frafer, Pitf- 
 ligo -, and in Invernefs the Lairds of Kieth, Balyn- 
 hove, Pitzfadell, and Pittury. The fhire of Mearns 
 will follow the Lord Marfhal of Scotland, who is here- 
 ditary bailiff of that county, with the Lairds of 
 Elfick, Newton, Balmaire, and Glenfarquar. In 
 Angus we are fure of all the nobility and gentry, 
 the chief of which are the Earls of Mrathmore and 
 Panmure, with their brothers, the Earl of Airlie, 
 who is very powerful in vaffals,.the Earl of Miggle, 
 with the Lairds of Eagle, Pourry, Fintry, and fit- 
 cur. Perthfhire, if we comprehend in it the coun- 
 try of Athol, Gaury, and Broadalbin, is full of the 
 
 well-
 
 c 174 )' 
 
 \veli-affcded, who will follow the DuI.e of Perth, 
 the Marquis of Drummond his fon, the Lords 
 Nairne, t)upplin, and Kinnaird. The Duke -of A- 
 thol gives reafon to hope well of him ; but how- 
 ever it be, his vaiTals will follow the Lairds -of StfO- 
 vaun, Bulliachan, and Appip. The Lairds of A- 
 berlanie of the hotife of Murray, of Logic, of 
 Machong, of the houfe cf Perth, Inchbrakie and 
 Qrchil, of the family of Graham, and the Laird 
 of Balchadely, will be among the firft who take 
 the field ; and we are fure of this whole mire with 
 the Earl of Broadalbin and his fon. This chain 
 comes to the banks of the Tay. 
 
 Cn the fouth fide of that river, next the fea, is 
 the county of Fife, where we have the Lords Sin- 
 clair arid'Balmerino, and the Laird of Kinrofs, on 
 the weft of Fife. Stirlinglhire, therein compre- 
 hending Montieth, is liniverfally well -affected. The 
 chief of thofe whom we are certain of here, is the Earl 
 of Linlithgow, and Calendar, hereditary great bailiff 
 of the county, with the Lairds of his houfe, Lord 
 Kilfyth, the Lairds of Tove, Keir, .Forneys, and 
 Cardenne.. Eaft from Stirling, is the city and 
 county of Edinburgh, with the two counties of the 
 Lothians. We are certain of many in the faid city 
 who will take arms at the head of fcveral hundreds 
 of men, as (pon as the K appears in the country*. 
 And in the Lothians, there are many gentlemen 
 well-affected'. From .this county, to the borders of 
 England, will be found the greater! part of the 
 horle. Along the fea-coaft are the fhires of the 
 Merfe and Tiviotdale, then Efkedale and Liddef- 
 dale. All the gentry of thefe provinces vvil! be con- 
 dueled to the K;- by the Earl of Hume, Lord 
 htorrnont, and their friends. In Tweedale, the Earl 
 of Traquair, of the houle of Stuart, and the Laird 
 
 of
 
 f "'75 ) 
 
 of Stanhope, arc powerful. In the ifcires of Aflnari- 
 dale, Niddefdale, and Galloway, are the Earl of Nid- 
 defdale, and Vifcount'of Tenmure, the Laird of 
 Spinkell, with the numerous clan of Maxwells, and 
 there is forne hopes alib of the Ear! of Galloway.- 
 
 Thus the K -s party is connected through the 
 
 whole kingdom, and we are certain of being matters 
 of all the iliires, except Argylefhire, Clydefdale, 
 Renfrew, Dumbarton, and Kyle. 1 he iCarl of 
 Broadalbin will be followed by many out : of-Argyle- 
 fhire, and- in Clydefuale the Duke of Hamilton has 
 great authority. 'We make no doubt of his good 
 intentions; but knowing that the eyes of the go- 
 vernment a-re always upon him, he will plainly wait 
 till he fee<the party formed. The Earl of Wigtoun 
 my brother, and the Lairds of JL'ufs and Kilmaro- 
 nock will be a fufficient check upon the difaffeded 
 in Dumbarton(hire. "An affair o this nature cannot 
 be communicated to all the well- afretted, and it is 
 a great oroof of the z^al-of : thofe to- whom- it is 
 trutted, that ib many people have been able to keep 
 the fecret ib inviolably. We make no doubt of 
 many others joining us, though we have notjidg&i- 
 it neceftary to eonfult them ail. They have not 
 given me a particular lift of- the number of men 
 which each county will furnifh, but thty have charg- 
 ed me to declare, that the/ will be 5n a condition to 
 raife 20,000 men : and it may be faid in behalf of 
 thefe troops, 'that the army 'of Lord Dundee made 
 it appear in the laft war, that although they were 
 but new levies, they were in no point inferior to re- 
 gular troops. 
 
 They did not think it heceffiry to fix upon par- 
 ticular places of rendezvous. Every chief will af- 
 femblc his troops upon his own eftate, and will join 
 them to thofe of his. neighbour, and they will march 
 
 dircdly 
 6
 
 C '7* ) 
 
 dl redly to the place where the K their m after 
 
 {hall land. Scotland is at prefent fo well flocked 
 with proviiions, that they have two years crops ftill 
 untouched in their granaries ; fo that the well- 
 affccted will make magazines in every county in a 
 very fhort time. As they make no doubt of being 
 mailers of the whole kingdom, they will raife the 
 taxes already granted to the government, to help to 
 fupport their troops, which will affemble with fo 
 much difpatch, that they make no doubt of quickly 
 carrying the war into England, of which they are 
 almoil certain of making themfelves mailers, before 
 the Englifh. could make the fmalleft oppofition, all 
 the country abounding in provifions, and being 
 open, and filled with people, well-affecled, many of 
 whom are known to the Q^ my miilrefs. 
 
 And they flatter themfelves not only to be able to 
 
 reilore the K my mailer, but likewife to do a 
 
 iervice to the Moil Chriilian King, in attacking the 
 head of the alliance, and putting it out of the power 
 of England to affift her allies. England is at pre- 
 fent fo deilitute of troops, that we doubt not of' 
 making a great progrefs there without any oppoii- 
 tion ; for it will require a confiderable time to recall 
 the Engliih troops from Flanders. If they are not 
 recalled, we will quickly be mailers of the king- 
 dom ; and if they are recalled, the Moil Chriftian 
 King will ftnd himfelf fuperior to his enemies. The 
 Princefs of Denmark has not above 18,000 national 
 troops in Flanders, more than a third of whom are 
 Scots. Thefe me will not venture to fend againft 
 us, and me cannot bring foreign troops into the 
 kingdom, without an acl of parliament ; by all 
 which we mall gain time, which is all we want. 
 We are not in the leaft afraid of being obliged to 
 retreat. If even that mould happen, they durft not 
 
 leifen
 
 ( 177 ) 
 
 lefien their army, while ours would fubfift in places 
 where it would be impofiible for them to force us. 
 
 Having thus reprefented what we are able to do 
 under the protection of the Moft Chriflian King, I 
 come now to the fuccours, which I have orders to 
 entreat his Majefty to grant us. I moft humbly 
 beg of his Majefty, in the name of the Scottifh 
 nation, to enable the K our fovereign to come 
 and put himfelf at the head of his faithful fubjects, 
 and to order him to be accompanied by a body of 
 troops, capable of protecting him againft his ene- 
 mies, tiil his friends (hall be able to join him with 
 their forces. Without the K 's prefence they can 
 do nothing -, and they know that his Moft Chriftian 
 Majefty will not expofe the perfon of their fovereign 
 with a handful of men. They leave it to the two 
 K s to regulate the number of troops, not having 
 any authority to treat of the entry of foreign troops 
 into the kingdom ; but they will receive and join 
 themfelves to thofe whom their fovereign (hall bring 
 with him. Till Colonel Hoocke's arrival in Scot- 
 land, they thought it expedient that a defcent fhould 
 be made in England at the fame time that the fuc- 
 cours landed in Scotland, but they yielded to the 
 reafons of that Colonel, and do not require any 
 troops to be fent to Scotland ; but they hope, from 
 the goodnefs of his Majefty, that he will caufe the 
 fuccours to be fent to Scotland to be made as power- 
 ful as the flare of his affairs will permit. 
 
 They likewife beg of his Majefty to fend them 
 arms for 17,000 foot, and 3000 horfe and dragoons, 
 with furniture for thefe laft, and ammunition in pro- 
 portion. This quantity of arms is neceflary for 
 them, for arming a part of thtir firft levies, and as 
 a refcrve for any occafion that (hould happen, Scot- 
 land being extremely deftitute of arms and ammu- 
 Such a conceflion from the King would re- 
 N unite
 
 unite all parties, and would contribute more than 
 any thing elfe to the reftoration of his M y. 
 
 It is believed alfo, that a general am nefty for all,, 
 without exception, provided they do not oppofe the 
 K , would likewife contribute much to his reftora- 
 tion, and to the good fnccefs of his defigns. The 
 Moft Chriftian King having given a power to Colo- 
 nel Hoocke to treat of the re-eftablifhing of the 
 antient alliances between his Majefty and the king- 
 dom of Scotland, we hope his Majefty will have 
 the goodnefs ftill to retain the fame favourable inten- 
 tions for the faid kingdom. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 FLEMING. 
 
 A Narrative of the Voyage of M. FLEMING to 
 Sect 'and , arid of the prefent ftate of that kingdom. 
 
 TT A V I N G received an order from the K my 
 ** mafter, on the 28th of February, 1708, to 
 fet out Tor Scotland, I left St. Germain on the 2^th, 
 charged with inftruclions, which his M y judg- 
 ed neceflary for the principal Lords of that king- 
 dom, and was pleafed to truft me with. I left Paris 
 the ift of March, and I arrived at Dunkirk on the 
 gd, where the abfence of Mr. Canan, whom I was 
 ordered to carry with me to conduct me, hindered 
 my embarking till the 6th, when Mr. Arnott arrived 
 from Paris, to be tranfported to Scotland, with 
 fome inftru&ions of the K my mafter, left any 
 misfortune mould happen to me. Count Forbin, 
 and M. de Guay, intendant of the marine, judged 
 it proper to fend us both off the fame evening in 
 
 different
 
 ( 179 ) 
 
 different frigates. I went on board the Cigalle, 
 commanded by M. Lotton, which had formerly^ 
 on two different occafions, failed from Dunkirk. 
 
 Having arrived on the I3th within two leagues 
 of the land, I went on board a fifhing-boat, that I 
 might not be fufpecled, and landed at the caftle of 
 Slaines, belonging to the Earl of Errol, who re- 
 ceived the news I brought him, after which he had 
 fighed ib long, with all the joy that might be ex- 
 pected from a man, who had given all the proofs 
 of moft extraordinary zeal for the fervice, being 
 greater than could be required from one lefs zealous 
 than himfelf, he having expofed himielf and his 
 family to almoft inevitable ruin, by receiving into 
 his houfe all envoys who have been fent to Scotland 
 thefe four or five years paft, the vefleJs which have 
 been fent thither failing always directly to his caftle. 
 He alfb furnifhed to all, without exception, money 
 and horfes, neceifary to keep up a correfpondence 
 throughout the kingdom, and even hired veffels for 
 fome perfons, which has coil him large fums, and 
 greatly indebted that family. 
 
 The Earl of Errol having read the K 's inftruc-p 
 tions, which 1 put into his hands, inftantly difpatched 
 ameflenger to Mr. Malcolm, a gentleman of known 
 fidelity, and who lived very near the mouth of the 
 Firth of Edinburgh, with orders to have a boat 
 ready and pilots, to go on board the firft vefiel that 
 mould give the fignal agreed on. This Mr. Mal- 
 colm punctually executed, having been on board 
 the Proteus, the only veffcl that entered the Firth, 
 for which he has been obliged to keep himfelf con- 
 cealed ever fince. The lame exprefs of the Earl of 
 Errol went afterwards, by his orders, along the 
 cgafts of Fife and Lothian, to give notice to the 
 N 2, well*
 
 well -affected to have boats and pilots ready, which 
 was fo faithfully executed by them, that many of 
 them have been imprifoned on this account. 
 
 Upon my arriv.il, he alfo fent to the Earl Mar- 
 fhal, who living at no great diftance, came the fame 
 evening, when I gave him the inftrudlions I had for 
 him. He immediately took the neceffary meafures 
 for giving notice to his friends in that country, and 
 for going to the county of Marr, where he is here- 
 ditary great bailiff; and next day he accordingly 
 went thither. As I was ordered to follow the mea- 
 fures which mould be prefcribed to me by the Lord 
 High Conftable and E^rl Marihal, in giving notice 
 to the chiefs of the country, and delivering to them 
 the inftruclions of the K my mafter, which I had 
 for them, they defired me on the 4th to write to 
 Mr. Nicolfon, Catholick bifhop of that kingdom, 
 to inform him of the prefent flate of affairs, that 
 he might give notice to the Catholicks of the North 
 to hold themfelves in readinefs. I wrote likewife, 
 by their orders, to the Duchefs of Gordon upon the 
 fame fubject, which me communicated to the Mar- 
 quis of Huntly her fon, who was then in the North, 
 that he might make every thing ready in the coun- 
 ties of Invernefs, Rofs, and Lochabar, in which 
 counties he has great intereft. 
 
 I likewife gave notice to the Laird of Coxtoun, 
 who is well known to the K for his fidelity, and 
 the fervices which he rendered him in the late war. 
 Having feen the Chevalier Kieth and Colonel Gidun, 
 and the Earl of Etrol having engaged to give notice 
 to Major-general Buchan, on the i4th 1 left Slaines, 
 which is in the county of Aberdeen. That fhire, 
 and -all thofe northward from it, were very zealous 
 for the imerefls of the K . 1 patted the fhire of 
 
 Marr
 
 C 181 ) 
 
 Mafr without flopping, as the Earl Marfhal had 
 engaged to inform them of what was necefTary. 
 
 On the 1 6th I arrived at Lord Strathmore's in 
 Angus, and gave him the in ft ructions of the K . 
 He was tranfported to fee affairs in fo great forward- 
 nefs, and fent to fome of the chief gentry, in order 
 to take the necefTary meafures at that juncture. He 
 alfo fent to Lord Panmure, but he was at Edin- 
 burgh, on particular bufinefs of his own. The K 
 is always fure of him, he having never confented to 
 take the oaths to the prefent government. The 
 fame evening I arrived at Lord Nairne's, in the 
 county of Perth, who exprefied great zeal for the 
 fervice of the K ; and as I had a letter of the Earl 
 of Errol for him, that he might inform me of the 
 moft proper meafures to fee his brother the Marquis 
 of Athol, he undertook to conduct me to him. We 
 found that Lord in fuch a temper as we could 
 wifh. For five months before he had all his vaflals 
 ready to take arms upon the firft news of the K 's 
 arrival. He is very powerful, both in the number 
 of his own vafTals, and of others, who are bound 
 to join him. He afked of me fcveral times, and 
 with great earneftnefs, the name of the General who 
 was to command them. I found him and all the 
 other chiefs, whom I faw, fully perlua~ed that it 
 was the Duke of Berwick , for they could not ima- 
 gine that he could be recalled from Sp in for any 
 
 other purpofe, as he was a fubject of his B c 
 
 M y. They had conceived fo great an efteem 
 
 for him, that I durft not venture to tell them that he 
 was not to be employed in the expedition ; but told 
 them, that before his arrival at court, that could 
 not be determined. 
 
 N Lord
 
 Lord Nairne afterwards conduced me to Lord 
 Broad albin's, who not only engaged to cauie his 
 vaflals, who are very numerous, to join the K , 
 but alfo to keep the Argylefhire men, who are 
 looked upon as the moft difaffected, fo in awe, that 
 the K fhould meet with no oppofition from them. 
 He read the K 's inftructions, which I gave him, 
 with great joy. From thence I went to Caftle- 
 Drummond, where I found the Marquis of Drum- 
 mond and his brother, fons of the Duke of Perth. 
 They received the good news that I brought them, 
 with great joy ; and the Marquis immediately fent 
 to give notice to feveral chiefs of the Highlanders, 
 who have a confidence in him, to hold themfelves 
 in readinefs, and took alfo the neceffary meafures to 
 inform the other chiefs of that country. I next day 
 went to Stirlingshire to Lord Kilfyth's, who was 
 then at Edinburgh, as was alfo my brother the 
 Earl of Wigtoun, who lives very near that place, 
 though in another (hire. The people of Stirling- 
 fhire are very unanimous for the K 's fervice, and 
 had united under the command of the Earl of Lin- 
 lithgow. On the 22d I went to the Laird of Kil- 
 maronock's in Dumbartonfhire. He is very zeal- 
 ous in the K 's intereft, and fent to the Earl of 
 Dundonald his nephew, to inform him of the ftate 
 of affairs'. I remained here fome days, expecting, 
 with impatience, the news of the K 's arrival, 
 who, according to the meafures taken when I left 
 Bunkirk, was to have embarked on the i ith. In 
 a few days a rumour prevailed, that the K had 
 landed in the North, which I could hardly believe , 
 but the report coming from every quarter, I fet out 
 for that country, and on my journ,ey, I found that, 
 on the fame report, the Lairds of Keir, Toven, and 
 Cardenne, with Colonel Gredene, had taken the 
 fame route. I travelled two da) s with them ; but 
 
 finding 
 
 t
 
 finding no confirmation of the news, they were 
 obliged to feparate, and get home the beft way they 
 could. I continued my journey, and met with Lord 
 Nairne, who was returning from the caftle of 
 Hamilton, where he had been to fpeak to the Du- 
 chefs dowager, the mother of the prefent Earl of 
 Arran. As the Prefbyterian ministers have a greac 
 influence with her, there was one in his retinue to 
 gain over the miniller of Hamilton, who has greac 
 authority with the Duchefs. She appeared very 
 
 zealous for the K 's fervice ; but me faid, (he 
 
 could undertake nothing in the abfence of the Earl 
 her fon, who was in England on his particular 
 affairs. Though fome blamed his being abfent at 
 that juncture, yet it is certain, that he had taken all 
 the necefTary meafures to receive the orders and let- 
 ters that ftiould come to Scotland for him. In efFedr, 
 he received thofe which I brought for him, and it 
 is believed that he would have done very confidera- 
 ble fervice to the K , by the number of horfe 
 which he would have brought from the north of 
 England. 
 
 It was about this time that the bad fuccefs of the 
 enterprize began to be known, by the arrival of the 
 Englifh fleet under admiral Byng in the Firth of 
 Edinburgh ; but the wdl-affecT:ed had a difficulty 
 to believe that they would retire, without endeavour- 
 ing to make a defcent at Cromarty, and even after 
 they retired from the northern coaft, they flattered 
 themfelves that they would fail towards Clyde ; but 
 the K 's return to Dunkirk, which was knoWn 
 by the public papers, threw the whole country into 
 a confirmation that cannot be exprefied. 1 had 
 been a witnefs of the good difpofition of the great 
 part of the kingdom through which I had travel-- 
 led, and I was well informed of the good intentions 
 N 4 of
 
 of the reft of the nobility, and gentry of the coun- 
 try. Never was feen fo univerfal a joy at Edin- 
 burgh, as that which appeared in every body's coun- 
 tenance for three or four days before the K 's arri- 
 val. The loyal fubjects thronged together, and 
 thofe of the government durft not appear in public. 
 They had no confidence in the regular troops, 
 knowing that the beft part, both of the officers and 
 foldiers, were well affected to the K . Be fides, 
 there was neither powder nor ammunition in the 
 caftle of Edinburgh, nor in that of Stirling ; and 
 they knew that all the gentry would revolt from the 
 
 government the moment the K landed. So 
 
 that it was believed that on the K 's arrival, thole 
 who adhered to the government, would retire towards 
 Berwick -, but when it was known by the Gazettes 
 that the K was returned to Dunkirk, the confter- 
 nation was fo great, that every body appeared di 
 trafted. They had received orders, after the in- 
 ftrucYions that I had given them, not to take -arms 
 openly, or appear in the field till the landing of the 
 K . The French fleet had retired, without their 
 receiving any order from the K how they were to 
 aft, and they had no chief or perfon who could 
 take upon him to give them orders. In the mean 
 time, the arrival of the Engliih fleet in the road of 
 Edinburgh, and the retreat of the French, had given 
 new courage to thofe of the government, who lent 
 heralds to fummon the principal nobility and gentry, 
 chat were in the K 's intereit, to appear perfonally 
 before the privy council, under pain of rebellion ; 
 which neverthelefs they did not do, till fifteen days 
 after the departure of the French fleet, and after 
 they had heard of its arrival at Dunkirk. It is 
 certain, that nothing could have fo irritated the na- 
 tion in general, as the treatment which the nobility 
 and gentry received, in fending them under a guard 
 
 to
 
 to England. This has opened the eyes even of 
 thofe who were moft zealous for the Union, and 
 made them fee clearly what they are to expect from 
 a nation, which begins already to treat them with 
 fo much inhumanity. And it may be juftly faid, 
 that the Scottifh nation were never known fo gene- 
 rally difpofed to hazard their lives and fortunes to 
 free themfelves from this flavery, if they were put 
 in a condition to act. 
 
 Although the greateft number of the chief nobi- 
 lity of the country are at prefent under confinement, 
 it is neverthelefs certain, that there is fcarce any 
 confiderable family, that has not fons, brothers, or 
 near relations, who would put themfelves at the head 
 of their vaflals in the common caufe, if there was 
 but an opportunity. They are in general perfuaded, 
 that his Moft Chriftian Majefty, fo univerfally 
 known and admired for his generofity and greatneis 
 of foul, having as it were, engaged them in the 
 caufe for which they fuffer, will not abandon them, 
 efpecially as they have failed in nothing on their 
 fide of what was required of them. After the 
 fidelity which they have fhewn to their lawful and 
 natural fovereign, which is certainly augmented by 
 the vigour and firmnefs of his conduct in the late 
 expedition, nothing fo much contributed to make 
 them engage to expofe themfelves in the manner 
 they have done, as the promifes made to them by 
 Colonel Hoocke, that his Moft Chriftian Majefty 
 would fupport them, and not abandon them, and 
 his mewing them the full powers he had to make 
 them that promife. 
 
 A ME-
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 
 
 CONCERNING 
 
 THE SCOTS. 
 
 TH E Memorial figned by the principal per- 
 fons among the Scots in the name of their na- 
 tion, and their letters to the two K s, written 
 with their own hands, figned with their names, feal- 
 
 ed with their arms, and addrefied to their M s, 
 
 are indifputable proofs of the difpofition of this 
 people, in the month of May, 1/07. 
 
 The arrival of the * Laird of Boyn in the month 
 of September laft, with letters of credence from 
 them, fhews that they were ftill in the fame difpo- 
 fitipn. 
 
 The letters which they wrote from time to time 
 during all the winter, to haften the departure of the 
 fuccours, prove that they had not altered their 
 minds. 
 
 Sir James Ogilvie of Boyn. 
 
 The
 
 ( 1*7 ) 
 
 The Moft Chriftian King, in order to fecnre the 
 fecret, did not think proper to acquaint the Scots 
 with the departure of the K of England, before 
 the beginning of March, 1708. 
 
 His B c M y having prepared inftruclions for 
 the chieftains of this nation, they were read in the 
 council by Monfieur de Torcy, one of the laft days 
 of February, 1708. And his Moft Chriftian Ma- 
 jefty approved them. 
 
 By thefe inftru&ions, the Scots were forbid to 
 flir, or give any fign of their intentions, till the ar- 
 rival of the K , their fovereign, in Scotland. 
 
 They were like Wife ordered, by the eighth article 
 of thefe inftruftions, to omit even the moft ufeful 
 things, rather than give room to fufpect their de- 
 
 The fixth article contains what they mould do, 
 in order to favour the debarkation ; namely, 
 
 i. To have upon the coaft of each mire, a gen- 
 tleman ready to go off to the firft (hip that mould 
 appear, in order to give an account of the ftate and 
 difpofition of the country. 
 
 2 , To fend pilots to conduct the fleet. 
 
 The Scots have duly obferved both thefe direc- 
 tions. i. The fquadfon approached only the mire 
 of Fife. A gentleman of that country, by name 
 Malcolm, whofe fidelity and capacity, as well as his 
 perfon, have long been known to the Q^ -, went 
 on board the Proteus, which appeared feveral hours 
 c before
 
 before the fquadron, and aflured Monfieur de Ram- 
 bur, that all was ready in the country, and that his 
 B c M y was impatiently expected there. 
 
 He fpoke dill more fully upon that fubject to M. 
 Hatcher, one of the Q^'s gentlemen, to M. De- 
 laval, captain of foot, and to M. Stafford, *enfign 
 of the fhip. Thefe three were on board the Pro- 
 teus, and the two firft of them knew perfectly this 
 gentleman, who gave them a letter to be delivered 
 to the Duke of Perth, afiuring him of the good 
 difpolition of Scotland. 
 
 2. The gentleman left fome pilots on board the 
 Proteus : fifteen or twenty others went on board the 
 fquadton, fome of them in the enemy's fight ; and 
 feveral of thefe pilots came to France. 
 
 On the 26th of March, two days after the Count 
 de Forbin's retreat, the frigates which failed from 
 Dunkirk fome days after the fquadron, having got 
 pretty far up in the river of Edinburgh, fome Scot- 
 tiih pilots came on board to acquaint them, that the 
 enemy was upon the coaft, with a fuperior force : 
 for which reafon they advifed the commandant to 
 retire with all fpeed. They embarked, and came 
 to Dunkirk with him. 
 
 All the pilots aflert, that if the fquadron had ar- 
 riyed in the river of Edinburgh two hours fooner, 
 it would have been eafy to fecure it from all infults 
 of the Englilh fleet. This is confirmed by M. 
 Warftable, captain of the Dunkirk galley, one of 
 
 * The French have officers called enfigns on board their 
 King's (hips. 
 
 the
 
 the frigates of the fquadron, and by his lieutenant 
 M. Saint Jean, both of whom are well acquainted 
 with this river. 
 
 Several other pilots are of the fame opinion : 
 and there is but one man, that has frequented this 
 river, who fpeaks differently from them. 
 
 MEMORIAL
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 SCOTLAND, 1708. 
 
 THE enterprize in queftion will require as 
 many mufkets and bayonets as can be furnifh- 
 ed, piftols, faddles, and other accoutrements for two 
 gr three thoufand horfes, powder and ball in propor- 
 tion to the arms, with moulds, of proper fizes, to 
 caft bullets in the country, where there is no want 
 of lead : and befides this, powder for the Scottifli 
 troops which are already armed ; fix pieces of can- 
 non, of which two are to be 24 pounders, with 
 their carriages and balls ; two mortars, with bombs, 
 and all other necefTaries ; and a fufficient quantity of 
 powder for the cannons and mortars. 
 
 It will be right to fend now fome Scottifh officers, 
 but not above three or four at firft ; becaufe it would 
 be difficult to find more, who might fafely be entruft- 
 e&with afecret, on the keeping of which, the fuc- 
 cefs of the enterprize may depend. 
 
 It will be necefiary to fettle what will be wanting 
 for the fubfiftence of thefe officers, as well during 
 their voyage, as while they mail be in Scotland. 
 
 It
 
 It will likewife be neceflary to know, at what time, 
 and upon what conditions, the perfon, whom the 
 K fhall fend, is to diftribute the arms, accoutre- 
 ments, and ammunitions of war, and the quantities 
 proper to be fent for the beginning of the enter- 
 prize : whether this diftribution is not to be made 
 till the treaty is concluded, or whether it fhall be 
 made as foon as a certain number of troops are on 
 foot, and what number ? 
 
 It is ftippofed that the treaty here fpoken of, will 
 comprehend chiefly what relates to the war ; name- 
 ly, the manner in which the Scots pretend to make 
 it, the number of troops that they will raife, their 
 means of fubfiiling them, the enterprizes they pur- 
 pofe making in England, the fuccours they may 
 
 demand of the K , and a General which they 
 
 ak for, doubtlefs to command in chief. 
 
 It will be neceflary that the perfon, who fhall be 
 fent by the K , fhall know what he has to do after 
 the conclufion of the treaty, and the landing of the 
 arms ; that is to fay, whether he is to remain in that 
 country, in his ufual fervice. 
 
 Concerning the pajjage over to Scotland. 
 
 Two mips mufl be fitted out, of twenty or twen- 
 ty-four guns each, that they may be the better able 
 to defend themfelves in cafe of need, and that one 
 of them may be fent back with any news that may 
 require difpatch, while the other fhall help to land 
 the arms and ammunitions at the places that fhall be 
 thought neceflary. 
 
 That the commanders of thefe mips fhall have 
 fictitious orders, purporting, that they ard bound 
 
 for
 
 for Dantzik, to which place it will not feem 
 extraordinary that arms fhould be fent, in or- 
 der to their being conveyed into Poland ; or 
 elfe for Newfoundland, or Canada, failing round 
 by way of Scotland for greater fafety. The real 
 orders (hall be delivered to the perfon whom the 
 K mall fend, and he mail not open them till he 
 comes to a certain latitude at fea, then to intruft 
 them under the feal of fecrecy to the two command- 
 ers, who fhall be ordered to execute whatever they 
 lhall be bid to do on the behalf of the K , by the 
 perfon that his Majefty mall fend, either during 
 the whole time of their being out, or during the 
 cruizes they wijl be obliged to make to different 
 ports of Scotland and Ireland, or elfewhere. 
 
 That the Sieur Carron, now Lieutenant of a fri- 
 gate, whofe prefence will be necefTary, be appoint- 
 ed to ferve on board of one of thefe (hips, without 
 telling him any thing of the real defign, and with- 
 out giving him orders to embark till every thing 
 lhall be ready ; that his departure may not bc^et 
 any fufpicion, either at St. Germain, where he now 
 is, or at Dunkirk, where his voyages to Scotland 
 are known. 
 
 A PR I-
 
 M E M O R I A L 
 
 Sent from ENGLAND by a Well-wiflier to 
 
 THE K * * *. 
 
 Concerning the Affairs of ENGLAND. 1708. 
 
 ENGLAND feerned to be fully refolved 
 upon peace, before the arrival of Lord Marl- 
 borough. The Whigs, offended in the perfon of 
 Lord Wharton their head, were in the fame difpo- 
 fition. It is allured, that Lord Wharton has been 
 to pay a vifit to the Earl of Nottingham, head of 
 the Anglicans, with a view to their joining, in or- 
 der to leffen the authority of the Lords Marlborough 
 and Godolphin. 
 
 This is publickly talked of in London, and more 
 than one, nay more than an hundred have men- 
 tioned it to me. 
 
 The Lords Marlborough and Godolpjhin, who, 
 
 for particular reafons, are againft a peace, employ 
 
 every means to prevent its being made. The chief 
 
 rgafon that they oppofe to thole who defirc it, and 
 
 O thefe
 
 ( 194 ) 
 
 thefe are very numerous, is, that they pretend, and 
 .give out, that France offered laft year to cede Spain 
 and the Indies : and, as they do not fee things now 
 in the fame difpofition, they endeavour to perfuade 
 people that the war muft be continued, to bring 
 again upon the carpet Spain, which is all that Eng- 
 land wifhes, and, perhaps, the only hope that has 
 hitherto made. her furnim .whatever money has been 
 defired. 
 
 At ,the opening of the parliament, every thing 
 looked very much like war. But there is great 
 reafon to believe that all that the houle of Com- 
 mons did, at the beginning of the feffions, was, 
 only to hinder the Dutch, or fome others of the 
 allies, from ieparating from the general imereft, to 
 think of their private advantage, as foon as they 
 fhould fee in the parliament of England any mifun- 
 derftanding, or thought of peace : and it is ob- 
 fervable, that the firft.fteps were not attended with 
 any great confequences. Vaft preparations were 
 talked of for the enfuing campaign, together with 
 an augmentation of troops, and a refolution to fur- 
 nifh. whatever money was neceflary : and yet it has 
 not appeared that any thing was really intended to 
 be done. In regard to the fubfidies, all that the 
 houfe of Commons had yet done, was, to take in- 
 to confideration the land-tax and the malt-tax, the 
 produce of which would be neceflary, not only 
 this year, but feveral others, even though the war 
 flibuld be ended this winter. As to the reft of the 
 money that muft be railed, the parliament deferred 
 mentioning it from one fitting to another, and no- 
 thing had been yet done in it. 
 
 Tic 
 
 .
 
 ( '95 ) 
 
 The land-tax and male bills were not entirely 
 fettled till the time of my being in London, the 
 three laft days of this month : and other matters 
 had not yet been talked of. 
 
 All the firft fittings of the parliament have been 
 fpent in examining directly or indirectly the con- 
 duit of thole who govern the houfe -of Commons, 
 and in prefenting petitions upon petitions for a ge- 
 neral and exact account of all that had been done 
 by fea, and in Spain. By this examination, the 
 parliament, on one hand, expects to clear the pri- 
 vy council and the admiralty. On the other, Lord 
 Marlborough and Lord Godolphin fay, that the af- 
 fairs of Spain have been neglected, the mopey hav- 
 ing been applied to other ufes, which the nation 
 looks upon as much lefs important. The mer- 
 chants, who, till then, had fcemed the mod defir- 
 ous of continuing the war, on a fudden changed 
 their minds, on account of the great lofies they 
 have had during this war, and particularly laft year. 
 They have exclaimed the loudeft of all againft the 
 government, and have been the mod incenfed 
 againft Mr. Churchil, the Duke of Marlborough's 
 brother, becaufe, fay they, all that is done in the 
 admiralty is by his advice. 
 
 The Houfe of Lords, inftead of the cuftomary 
 addrefs of thanks to the Queen for her firft fpeech 
 (this addrefs of rhanks was not yet made when I 
 was in London) was wholly taken up with mak- 
 ing fpeeches, hotter than can be exprefied, fetting 
 forth, and examining into, the deplorable ftate of 
 the nation, the ruin of the people and nobility in 
 the country, and the destruction of trade, which 
 difables the merchants from contributing as they 
 had done hitherto. Lord Wharton faid, that mo- 
 O 2 nfy
 
 ( 196 ) 
 
 ney was become invifible in England. Thefe were 
 his very words. The other Lords who fpoke, 
 faid things not lefs ftrong. 
 
 The Anglicans, who had abfented themfelves 
 from the parliament in the beginning, and who 
 tfaid in the country, to render the contrary party, 
 in fome meafure, anfwerable for what mould be 
 done, and, at the fame time, to make it appear 
 odious, were, on a fudden, warned by their chiefs 
 to repair to London, becaufe fome very important 
 affairs were to come under confideration after Chrift- 
 mas. 
 
 If, without being thoroughly informed of what 
 palfes in the council of England, one might truft 
 to one's own judgment and penetration, there would 
 feem to be room to furmife that peace is very fe- 
 rioufly thought of, though the continuing of the 
 war is more ftrongly talked of than ever. One 
 might even think that the parliament had refolved 
 to give the time necefiary for fecret negotiations, 
 before they would declare their private fubjects of 
 diffatisfac~iion. One might alfo judge that we are 
 on the eve of feeing great difientions break out 
 in the parliament, and between the Government 
 and the .farliament. 
 
 The reafon which would make one judge that 
 peace is thought of, is, the Imall hope that Eng- 
 la^d muft now have of ever getting Spain, or even 
 of being able to continue the war there, in the 
 prelent fituation of her affairs in that country, with- 
 out a very great difad vantage and an immenfe ex- 
 pence. To this rc-aibn may fee added, the fmall 
 probability of her being able to find money for this 
 expence. 
 
 Hitherto
 
 ( '97 ) 
 
 Hitherto it does not appear that any expedients 
 can be found for railing the furplus of what will be 
 wanted for carrying on the war, over and above the 
 land tax and malt-tax, which will produce only 
 two millions jhrl/ng^ except the three following : 
 
 Firft, An offer, which the Bank of England 
 makes, to lend the government, as it did laft year, 
 two mil lions fterling. 
 
 Secondly, An offer, which the Eaft India com- 
 pany makes, to lend nearly the fame fum of two 
 millions fterling^ on condition that the fale of J ndia 
 goods be allowed in England. 
 
 Thirdly, A new tax upon fait, which may a- 
 mount to about the fame fum of two millions Jier- 
 ling. 
 
 The Bank is able to lend the two millions : but 
 the difficulty is to find a fecurity for the payment 
 of the intereft and principal of this money, all 
 the funds in England being mortgaged, ever fince 
 laft year, for ninety years, except part of the malt, 
 and part of the land-tax. It is not probable 
 that the nation will ever confent to mortgage the 
 land-tax. 
 
 As to the offer of the Eaft- 1 ndia company, it is 
 fo contrary to the trade of England, and the mer- 
 chants have always oppofed it fo ftrongly in times 
 of peace, and when their trade flounmed. moft, 
 that there is no likelihood it will ever be agreed to 
 when their trade is in fo bad a fituation. 
 
 To make the fait- tax produce the fum that is 
 
 talked of, that commodity muft be raifai to fo 
 
 O 3 high
 
 ( J9 8 ) 
 
 high a price as would fcarcely be relifhed by the 
 nation. 
 
 A tax upon coal has likewife been talked of: 
 but it would produce very little. 
 
 Befides the above reafons, which would induce 
 me to imagine that a peace is thought of, it is 
 well known, that, in September laft, Lord Port- 
 land was charged by the Dutch to declare, that they 
 could not carry on the war any longer. 
 
 The reafons which feem to foretel di Mentions in 
 the parliament, and againft the government, are, 
 
 The animofity of Lord Wharton and of the 
 Whigs, who had always been of the court-party, 
 and who now feem ftrongly againft it. 
 
 Befides, the parliament, every time it meets, in- 
 fifts on knowing what has been done -this campaign 
 by fea and by land ; demands copies of all the or- 
 ders that have been given, of the commifiions that 
 have been made out, of the letters that have been 
 written to the admirals and generals, of their an- 
 fwers to them ; and, in (hort, will be thoroughly 
 informed of all the defigns and operations of the 
 laft campaign. Things have been carried fo far as 
 to want to know the particular penfions which the 
 Queen pays out of her privy-purfe At the fame 
 time London was filled with bitter libels and other 
 
 inlblent writings. 
 
 i 
 
 The parliament demanded an exact account of the 
 number of foldiers in each army, of the number of 
 feamen that were on board each fhip, and of the 
 nu'rnber of officers prefent or abfent, not only at 
 
 fuch 
 l
 
 C '99 ) 
 
 fuch times as they feemed moft necefiary, but alfo 
 during the whole courie of the campaign : and it 
 appears that thefe enquiries, and particularly thofe 
 relating to the feamen, are occaficned "by a fufpicion 
 the nation has, that their mips have not been' armed 
 fo well as they ought to have been , and that each 
 fhip, not having had its complement of men, the 
 money muft have been applied to other ufes, or funk 
 by fome particular perfons. 
 
 All the members of the parliament* who had 
 certain new places given them by the court, were : 
 turned out of the houfe. But firti it was left to 
 their option to chufe, either to refign their places or 
 their feats. Some having chofen the former, in or- 
 der to be reinftated in the parliament, they were, 
 neverthelefs, turned out, as men more attached 
 to the interefts of the court, than to thofe of the 
 nation. 
 
 It is to be obferved, that the opinions which are 
 entertained in England, concerning the differences 
 that may happen, concerning the writings of the 
 parliament againft the governmenr, and concern- 
 ing the animofities of private perfons, are things 
 which may alter from one moment to another, 
 through particular interefts, by fatisfying the heads 
 of the parties, or for other reafons An ex ACT, ac- 
 count can, therefore, be given only of the prefent 
 fituation of affairs, with' fuch conjectures thereon 
 as refult from the knowledge one may have, or the 
 informations- one may receive. 
 
 By the end of January, more particular and more 
 pofitive accounts are to be received from a perfon, 
 who is to be well informed. They (hall be com- 
 municated immediately. 
 
 O 4 Mr.
 
 Mr. Cadogan's journey fcQ-'Nivelle, for the ex- 
 change, makes fbme people think, on account of 
 his being vefted with the character of Envoy to the 
 States of Holland, and alfo by reafon of the great 
 confidence which Lord Marlborough has in him, 
 that he may pofiibly make fome overture of peace, 
 or, at leaft, iee whether it will not be propofcd to 
 him. 
 
 If one might be permitted to offer one's opinion 
 concerning the making of a peace, it would be, 
 that France mould not make any overtures to that 
 end, but hear coolly thofe that may be propofed, 
 without rejecting them, left thofe of the govern- 
 ment of England, who are for war, not knowing 
 any longer what means to devi!e > in order to con- 
 tinue it, mould make ufe of France's refufing to 
 hearken to terms, to fpirit up the nation, and there- 
 by get the war continued a year longer, which is 
 certainly the moil that England can do, even by 
 compleating her ruin. 
 
 If the war mould be continued, nothing ever 
 can be done more toilfome to England, than to 
 carry it on in the fame manner as was praclifed 
 Jaft campaign, by having feparate fquadrons, and 
 a great number of privateers in the channel to dif- 
 trefs her trade. The lofles of the merchants, and 
 their complaints in confequence thereof, cannot be 
 exprefled. They make no difficulty of faying pu- 
 blicly,, that the lofles they have fufftred in the 
 courfe of this war, and particularly this year, are 
 entirely owing to the mifmanagement of the ad- 
 miralty and the government. As to the war by 
 land, England cares, in reality, very little for any 
 but that of Spain. Every bad news from thence 
 occafions a general difmay. 
 
 Ore
 
 ( 201 ) 
 
 One might have room to think, that fome fteps 
 have been taken towards a peace, but without any 
 effect. 
 
 This may be depended on, that Lord Godol- 
 phin's fteps are fo fecret, that it would be no great 
 wonder if he fhould be ftrongly refolved on peace, 
 at the very time that he talks moft of war. 
 
 The public talk of London is about the 
 war i that peace never will be made without 
 having Spain and the Indies ; and that there is no 
 fort of thought of making it now, chiefly on ac- 
 count of the offers, they fay, France made laft 
 campaign. A perfon, who might be well informed, 
 but who certainly 'did not tell me all he knew, 
 talked to me fomewhat differently. He told me, 
 that he believed England could eafily make this 
 campaign, and that me would make it. One might, 
 perhaps, have judged that he thought (he would not 
 make it. 
 
 During three days ftay at London, the inquiries 
 into the conduct of the admiralty were not lefs 
 warm than before. On the contrary, the houfe 
 of Commons demanded a fight of all the Prince's 
 papers, of all the commiffions of his giving, and 
 even the whole account of the money that has paf- 
 fed through his hands. It muft be owned that he 
 is ftrangely treated by the houfe of Commons. 
 
 In the houfe of Lords, the Queen fpoke, and 
 exhorttd ftrongly to war, faying, that thofe of the 
 Lords, who mould be moft ftrenuous for it, mould 
 be thofe to whom (he would grant her favours. 
 Some of the Lords anfwered this in fuch a man- 
 ner as tended rather to excite laughter, than to 
 
 come
 
 ( r 2O2 ) 
 
 come to the point. Lord Marlborough faid, the 
 Queen had written to the Emperor, to defire that 
 Prince Eugene might go to Spain. Lord Peter- 
 borough faid a great deal about the mifmanage- 
 ment of the affairs of Spain, and fpoke greatly 
 againft Lord Gal way. 
 
 The Houfeof Commons had not made any pro- 
 grefs in regard to the fubfidies, and the parliament 
 was fopn to be adjourned for a fortnight or three 
 weeks. 
 
 The fpeeches and fchemes of Colonel Miremont 
 fcarcely deferve to be mentioned. No regard is 
 paid to them in this country. I heard part of a 
 long converfation, which he had with Monfieur de 
 Maffey, Envoy from Savoy,, in which he propofed 
 to him a fcheme for entering France, by the counr 
 tf y . of Vaux, with 6000 refugees. But all that 
 he fays is looked upon as a dream. 
 
 Some French and Roman Catholic merchants 
 have talked to me, more than the others, concern- 
 ing the diftrefs and dirTatisfaction of the trading part 
 of the nation. From a more minute detail, into 
 . which 1 entered with a man, whofe traffic confifts 
 in felling cakes, and fuch like things, for the coun- 
 try people, chiefly about Chriftmas, which is pro- 
 perly the carnaval of this country ; one might con- 
 clude, that the peafants are exceedingly diftreffed. 
 His bufmefs has decreafed confiderably every year, 
 and this year he does not fell any thing. Yet the 
 peafants about London are by far the richeft cf all 
 the country. 
 
 It was reported that Admiral Leech, who is rea- 
 dy to fail from Portfmouth, was to go with three 
 
 and
 
 ( 203 ) 
 
 and twenty fhips of war to meet the galleons. Moft 
 probably there is no foundation for this. 
 
 I was told at Dover, that he had but ten or twelve 
 fhips, and that he was deftined to Lilbon. He 
 was not failed on the 4th of January, when I left 
 Dover. 
 
 It feemed to me at Oftend, in a converfation with 
 Monfr. de Spar, that the Dutch kept an eye upon 
 Mr. Cadogan's journey to Nivelle, and were 
 not without fome fufpicions upon that account. As 
 far as I could judge, it likewife feemed to me that 
 the motions at Nimeguen and Gueldres occafioned 
 fome uneafmefs. 
 
 
 A NEW
 
 In relation to 
 
 SCOTLAND, 
 
 Given to 
 
 The ift of JANUARY, 1709.
 
 I
 
 REVOLUTIONS 
 
 O F 
 
 SCOTLAND 
 
 AND 
 
 IRELAND, 
 
 In the Year 1709. 
 
 IF ever there was a conjuncture that required the 
 mod ferious ftudy how to put an happy end to a 
 moft fatal war, it certainly is the prefent, in 
 which the enemy, elated by unheard of advantages 
 they have gained, and animated more than ever a- 
 gainft France, menace things one dares not repeat, 
 and which would be thought not only impracticable, 
 but even mad, if their fo little expected fuccefs for 
 fome years paft, did not give room to fear the word 
 from an implacable and enraged enemy. 
 
 We have feen his moft Chriftian Majefty carry on 
 the war fo many years, particularly, during the 
 
 reign
 
 C 208 ) 
 
 reign of Charles II. and the four years that the late 
 King James fat peaceably upon the throne, againft 
 the united force of the whole houfe of Auftria, the 
 Dutch, and all the princes of Germany, with fuch 
 fuperiority, that his enemies have always been forced 
 to accept of fuch terms of peace as he has thought 
 proper to prefcribe. 
 
 If we examine to what is owing the aftonifhing 
 change we now fee, we lhall find no other caufe for 
 it, but the junction of Great-Britain to the league 
 of Auftria ; for it proceeds not only from the num - 
 ber of their (hips, but ft ill more from that of their 
 land forces, and from the immenfe fums which the 
 Englifh have contributed, as much as all the other 
 confederates together, to fupport the war. This is 
 fb true, that during the two years that the Prince 
 of Orange was obliged to make ufe of the Englifh 
 troops to reduce Ireland, France always maintained 
 her wonted fuperiority. 
 
 It is therefore evident, that of all the expedients 
 that can be propofed to re-eftabliih the affairs of 
 France, the moft effectual would be to make a pow- 
 erful diverfion in Great- Britain. Jt may be faid in 
 general, that there is not a more natural way to 
 embarrafs an enemy than to carry the war into his 
 country. The King of Sweden purfued King Au- 
 guftus for four years, in Poland, always with ad- 
 vantage, but yet without being able to reduce him. 
 He altered his plan, marched into Saxony with his 
 army ; and though King Auguftus had then gained 
 a considerable victory over a body of Swedilh troops, 
 yet this Prince, victorious as he was, was obliged, 
 in lefs than three months, to abandon Poland, to 
 give the King of Sweden carte blanche, and to fub- 
 
 mit
 
 mit to all the hardfhips he thought proper to impof-i 
 upon him. 
 
 If the molt Chriftian King will but be pleafed to 
 fcnJ, not a great army as the King of Sweden did, 
 but only as many troops as would be neceffary to 
 
 defend a good fortified town, with his Br M 
 
 into Scotland, one may boldly prophecy that his 
 expedition will not have lefs erTeft than that of the 
 King of Sweden. This Prince had not any juft 
 pretenfions to Saxony ; there were not any male- 
 contents in it againft King Auguftus ; nor had he 
 any friends or partifans who invited him thither. 
 But the K of Great- Britain will find all thefe ad- 
 vantages in Scotland, which will prove to him a 
 ftronger fupport, than a great army would be in a 
 country filled inti-ely with enemies. 
 
 It feems therefore clear, that, to make a power- 
 ful diverfion in Great- Britain, his Br M 
 
 muft not be fent into Scotland accompanied in the 
 manner which his faithful fubjects of that country 
 demand : and to give this propofition its full de- 
 gree of evidence, it is fufficient to fhew, that -the 
 Scots "are ready to declare for the K , as foon as 
 he mail land among them with the troops and other 
 things which they propofe ; and that the declaration 
 of Scotland will foon be followed by a revolution in 
 England and Ireland. 
 
 In order to form a right and fure judgment of 
 the prefent difpofition of Scotland to declare in fa- 
 vour of his Br M ; it will be right Co 
 
 confider what the difpofition of the people of that 
 country was in the month of March laft, at the 
 time of the laft expedition, and what alterations have 
 happened fince. 
 
 P It
 
 ( 210 ) 
 
 It is a certain and well-known fact, that the great- 
 eft and moft confiderable part of that kingdom, 
 
 was ready to declare for his Br M as foon 
 
 as ever he fhould land there ; and the council and 
 minifters of the Princefs Anne, in Scotland, were fo 
 convinced of it, that they had already taken mea- 
 fures to return to England as foon as they fhould 
 hear of his landing. Nor is this to be wondered 
 at. The Scots begun, even then, to feel that the 
 Union with England, which they had been told 
 would be productive of fo many advantages to them, 
 was, in fact, only a fpecious pretence to fubject 
 them intirely to England ; and that the Englilh, 
 inftead of looking upon them as their aflbciates, 
 exercifed acts of fovereignty over them, which com- 
 pleted the re-union of all the different parties of 
 Scotland in the common intereft, and made them 
 all fee that the welfare and liberty of the kingdom 
 depended fblely upon their reftoring their lawful 
 K to the throne of his anceftors j and that they 
 had no other ftep to take, but to venture their lives 
 and fortunes to reftore him. 
 
 With regard to the alterations in Scotland fince 
 the laft expedition, it appears plainly, that all that 
 has happened there fince that time contributes to fa- 
 cilitate his return, and to incenfe the people more 
 and more. 
 
 ^In the firft place. There are much fewer regular 
 troops in Scotland now, than there was at the time 
 of the laft expedition. 
 
 Secondly. The Scots have been well informed of 
 
 the great earneftnels which his B M ex- 
 
 prefied in that expedition, to run any hazard to land 
 
 among
 
 ( 211 ) 
 
 among them ; which has gained him the hearts of 
 all, more than ever. 
 
 Thirdly. The Scots have been fince much worfe 
 treated by the Englifh than before. Many of their 
 nobility have been dragged into the prifons of Eng- 
 land, upon bare fufpicions, contrary to the laws of 
 the kingdom. 
 
 Fourthly. The refolution taken by the Englifh, 
 to deprive all the Lords of their right of vaflalage, 
 or fuperiority which the laws of the Kingdom give 
 them over their vafTals, touches them in the mod 
 fenfible part; the ancient nobility of Scotland being 
 infinitely more confiderable by the number and de- 
 pendance of their vafTals, than by their riches. 
 
 Fifthly. By building forts in feveral parts of Scot- 
 land, for Englifh garrifons ; totally to deflroy what 
 remains of their liberty, and of the ancient laws of 
 the Kingdom, by fubjeding them to the arbitrary 
 power of the parliament. 
 
 Befides all this, we have a very recent proof of 
 the difpofition of the Scots, who appeared publick- 
 ly, with their vafials, in arms, in favour of the 
 K , when he was upon the coaft of Scotland. 
 There were two thoufand witnefles of the fact, 
 which was notorious and public. The court, want- 
 ing to make an example to terrify others of the fame 
 party, ordered thefe gentlemen to be tried, not in 
 the lead doubting of getting them condemned. 
 Yet, though every precaution was taken not to mif- 
 carry therein, not a fingle witnefs could be made 
 to appear againft them, and the judges unanimously 
 difcharged them, and declared them innocent. 
 
 P 2 But
 
 ( 212 ) 
 
 But the late fpeech of the Princefs Anne to her 
 parliament, will make the Scots fee plainly, that they 
 will no longer enjoy that liberty which is of fo great 
 advantage to them in all criminal fuits, unlefs they 
 reftore their lawful K . As they are extremely 
 jealous of their laws, they ftipulated exprefsly in 
 the treaty of Union, that all their laws mould al- 
 ways remain in full force. But to deprive them of 
 that advantage, the Princefs Anne has juft now re- 
 commended to her parliament, to eilablifh an uni- 
 formity between the laws of the two kingdoms, 
 particularly in criminal proceedings , the meaning 
 oT which is to abolifh the laws of Scotland, and 
 oblige the Scots to fubmit to thofe of England, by 
 which means they will have their old enemies the 
 Englifh for their judges, in all matters wherein their 
 lives will be at ftake. This muft certainly drive the 
 Scots quite to defpair, when they mail fee their 
 ancient laws, and all that is deareft to them, fub- 
 jected to the arbitrary power of the parliament of 
 England, without being able to receive any redrefs 
 from the fmall number of deputies of their own- 
 country; becaufe the Englifh admit but fixteen 
 Scots Peers into the Houfe of Lords, where they 
 have two hundred of their own nation ; and only 
 forty-five Scots reprefentatives in the Houfe of Com- 
 mons, where they themfelves have upwards of five 
 hundred. The Scots will, confequently, have no 
 fort of weight in either of thefe afiemblies, where 
 ev^ry thing is determined by the majority of votes. 
 
 After all, even if one had not the letters and fig- 
 natures which have been received from the principal 
 Lords of that country ; can any doubt be made of 
 the difpofition of the Scots for a general infurrec- 
 
 tion, the moment their lawful K mall appear 
 
 among
 
 ( 2*3 ) 
 
 among them with the means necefiary to back the 
 defires of the nation ? 
 
 And this infurre&ion happening in Scotland, it 
 can as little be doubted but that the fame confufion 
 which was ready to break out in England when his 
 Br M was upon thofe coafts laft fpring, will 
 certainly happen again, and that more effectually, 
 upon the firft news of fuch an infurreftion. It is 
 well known that England fubfifts and carries on the 
 war merely by the credit of the bills of the Exche- 
 quer^ and of the Bank of London : and it is a cer- 
 tain facY, acknowledged even by the enemies them- 
 felye|7T3iaTlJpon the bare report of the landing of 
 
 his M , all thofe whofe money lay in either 
 
 of thofe places, ran in fuch crowds to draw it out, 
 that if the K had been able to land in fact within 
 a few days of that time, the then government would 
 have been totally overthrown. This appears, nor 
 only from private le:ters from that country, but the 
 Dutch themfelves have, acknowledged it in their 
 printed papers, in which they impute the caufe of 
 this diforder to the malecontents ; which proves the 
 
 fact, and mews that his Br M has friends 
 
 in that country ; and that alone is fufficient to de- 
 monftrate the confufion into which an infurrection 
 in Scotland would throw England. Not to fpeak 
 
 of the friends which his Br M has in 
 
 this laft mentioned kingdom, nor of the oppofite 
 parties there which never were fo animated againft 
 each other as they are at this very time -, a circum- 
 flance which tells us, that one of the parties would 
 want no other inducement to declare for the K; , 
 than becaufe the contrary party would be attached 
 
 to the government. 
 
 As
 
 As to Ireland, its difpofition is permanent, and 
 always the fame, founded on its intereft, liberty, 
 and religion. It is well known by die great num- 
 1 BeF of biJfhops, priefts, and religions, who have 
 been obliged to take refuge in France, how much 
 religion is opprefied in Ireland ; almoft all the an- 
 cient families are (tripped of their eftates ; no ca- 
 tholic is allowed to hold any employment, civil, or 
 military, and all of them are difarmed. Yet it is 
 well known, that there are in that kingdom at leaft 
 fix Catholics for one Proteftant , and one may eafily 
 judge by the valour and irreproachable conduct of 
 the Irifh regiments which ferve in France, what their 
 countrymen would be capable of doing at home, 
 if they had arms. In mort, one may boldly fay, 
 that there is not in nature any one motive that can in- 
 duce a man to efpoufe any particular caufe or party, 
 which the Irilh Catholics have not, to take that of 
 their lawful K . 
 
 It is therefore evident from all that has been faid, 
 that it cannot reafonably be doubted, but that if his 
 
 Br M< lands in Scotland with the 
 
 troops and other things neceffary, Scotland will de- 
 clare for him, and this declaration will inevitably be 
 followed by a revolution in England and Ireland, 
 which would make fo powerful a diverfion, that the 
 league of the confederates would neciffarily fall in 
 pieces at the fame time, and France would regain 
 her ancient fuperiority. 
 
 s 
 
 It remains therefore to confider what number of 
 troops, and what other things are necefiary for this 
 expedition : that of the Scots themieJves who are 
 upon the fpot, and who know the ftate and difpofi- 
 tion of the whole country, the moft zealous, who 
 ' wifh, from intereft as well as inclination, the refto- 
 
 ration
 
 ration of the K , have always demanded fewer 
 troops than the others ; but even they, when prefied 
 
 by letters and meflages from his Br M 
 
 to confider the difficulty of tranfporting troops, and 
 being for that reafon defired to afk for no more than 
 they believed abfolutely necefTary, have all anfwer- 
 ed, that there muft be at leaft 8000 men, a good 
 number of well-made and tried arms, with cannon, 
 ammunition, and a certain fum of money , that 
 they were perfuaded this number of troops would 
 be fufficient ; but that they thought themfelves ob- 
 liged to declare to his M , that a fmaller 
 
 number would not do. 
 
 For, notwithftanding all the good difpofitions of 
 the Scots in general, the government is certainly in 
 the hands of creatures of the Court. They are 
 matters of all the caflles and fortrefles of the coun- 
 try, and of all the regular troops, which, though 
 lefs numerous than heretofore, are ftill fufficient to 
 hinder the friends of the K from aflembling, or 
 
 from joining him, unlefs his M has a good 
 
 number of troops with him at the time of his land- 
 ing. Be/ides, the principal perfons among thofe of 
 the nobility and gentry who are friends to the K---, 
 have been extreamly ill- treated by the government 
 fince the laft expedition, and would not expofe them- 
 felves a fecond time to the hazard of being intirely 
 ruined, if they did not fee a probability of fuccefs. 
 They have often declared, that the number of troops 
 which they demanded, was abfolutely neceflary for the 
 fuccefs of the enterprize , and if the K fhould come 
 with a fmaller number, they would think their advice 
 flighted, and would, too probably, flay at their 
 own homes, till they mould fee what turn affair* 
 were likely to take ; and the confequence of that 
 might be fatal. 
 
 P 4 But
 
 ( 216 ) 
 
 But what ought abfolutely to determine his B - - 
 M not to go to Scotland with a fmall num- 
 ber of troops, is the following anfwer lately received 
 from the Sieur Fergufon, who was fent into that 
 country lalt May, on purpofe to know whether the 
 Highlanders, who have always expreffed the created 
 inclination of any for the K , and who -run the 
 leaft hazard by an Infurrection, would not take up 
 arms, and declare lor their K , if he mould come 
 among them with onlv four or five hundred men, 
 who mould be followed by a much greater number, 
 which his moft Chriftian Majefty would fend him 
 afterwards. Having feen, fays he, feveral of 
 
 the K- 's faithful fubjedls in the Lowlands, and 
 
 in the Highlands, they have all in general rejected 
 the propofal I was charged with, and do not think 
 the tiling at all practicable that way. i found them, 
 every where well difpofed in other refpects, and do 
 not in the leaft doubt of fuccefs, provided the K 
 comes well accompanied. 
 
 TheJJcots demand alfo, that all the Irifh be of 
 .the dumber of the troops that mall be fent them, 
 becaufe they fpeak thtir language, and are accuf- 
 tomed to their hard way of living ; and becaufe 
 each regiment of Irifh may be doubled by another 
 regiment raifed in the country, by draughting out of 
 each company twenty men, which would be re- 
 placed by the fame number of new recruits : and as 
 the Irifh regiments will not make up the full num- 
 beisthat is demanded, it would be right to add to 
 them Germans, becaufe they are ufed to live out of 
 their own country, are inured to hardlhips and fa- 
 tigue, and will give lefs umbrage to the Englifh. 
 Spaniards may alfo be added, on account of the 
 conveniency of their being fo near neighbours, in 
 cafe the embarkation be made in their country. 
 
 It
 
 ( 217 ) 
 
 It is likewife necefiary that there be among this 
 number, horiemen, or dragoons, difmounted, with 
 faddles and other accoutrements, for the horfes that 
 will be found in the country. 
 
 And as the choice of a General agreeable to 
 the nation is of great importance, and may contri- 
 bute much to the fuccefs of this enterprize, it is 
 thought neceflary to reprefent, that he muft be a per- 
 ibn whofe name and reputation are eftablifhed and 
 we 1- known, of great quality, affable, and who 
 knows how to fuit himfelf to the humour and man- 
 ners of the Scots, who are naturally fomewhat 
 proud, and will not eafily bear an haughty over- 
 bearing temper in a General. He mould likewife be 
 a man fertile in refources, (killed in the art of war, 
 and of a robult conftitution to endure fatigue. 
 
 This is the fubftance of the demands of the Scots, 
 which they think abfolutely neceflary for the fuccefs 
 of the enterprize. Therefore to endeavour to re- 
 trench any thing, efpecially in the number and qua- 
 lity of the troops, would be evidently hazarding 
 the lofs of all ; which would certainly be attended 
 with dreadtul confequences. 
 
 As to the tranfporting of the troops and other ne- 
 cefTaries, in which the greateft difficulty confifts, 
 thofe who are experienced in lea- affairs are the bed, 
 or rather the only judges of what relates to this 
 article. If his mod Chriftian Majefty thinks this 
 expedition of fuch importance to France, as to look 
 upon it in the light of a capital affair, he will cer- 
 tainly find in his own kingdom, fea-offtcers capa- 
 ble of executing it. 
 
 i The
 
 ( 218 ) 
 
 The port of Dunkirk would be the beft for the em- 
 barkation, on account of the vicinity of the troops, 
 and becaufe the paffage is Ihorteft from thence to 
 Scotland, if the fecret could be kept there. But 
 all that is done at Dunkirk is known the next day 
 at Oftend, and the Englifh are too near, and con- 
 fequently too able to thwart the defign if they 
 know it. 
 
 Breft would, for this laft reafon, be a fitter place, 
 if the troops were not fo diftant from that port. 
 The enemy could not eafily hinder the mips from 
 getting out from thence, nor from executing their 
 orders, even though they mould be informed of their 
 defign, as experience has {hewn in the war in Ire- 
 land. 
 
 It may be right to examine alfo, whether Port- 
 Paffage, near Fontarabia, would not be a proper 
 place for the embarkation. In this cafe, the troops 
 which ferve now in that country, might be fhipped 
 off, under pretence of bringing them back to France, 
 in order to fend them into Spain. The K of 
 Great Britain might repair thither under the fame 
 pretence, and his being at that diftance from his 
 kingdoms might hide his defign. 
 
 There will always be found at Bourdeaux and 
 Bayonne more tranfports than will be wanted. The 
 enemy, who have practifed the fame method for 
 twenty years pad, ftill purfue it, becaufe it is cer- 
 tain that a Ihip of war, which is embarrafled with 
 foldiers and ammunition, is not fir either to attack 
 another, or to defend itfelf, becaufe it then fails 
 heavily, and lofes the ufe of fome of its guns. The 
 mips deftined to convoy the tranfports may be fit- 
 ted out at Rochefort j and if there fhould be in 
 
 France
 
 . 
 
 France any Scottim fhips from Glafgow, Aire, Kir- 
 cudbright, and other ports on the weftern coaft of 
 Scotland, they fhould be detained under fome pre- 
 tence or other, becaufe their failors would be good 
 
 pilots. 
 
 The landing of the troops will, in fome meafure, 
 depend upon the place of their embarkation , for if 
 they are embarked at Dunkirk, they may be landed, 
 either at Hull, at the mouth of the river Humber, 
 to march from thence into Scotland, through the 
 North of England, where horfes enough will be 
 found, or at another port on the eaftern coaft of 
 Scotland. The port of Leith, in the Firth of E- 
 dinburgh, is the neareft and beft : and if the landing 
 cannot be effected there, there are feveral other pla- 
 ces upon this coaft, well known to feamen, from 
 this gulph on to Cromarty and Invernefs, where it 
 will be eafy to land in cafe the embarkation be made 
 at Breft, or at Port-PafTage. This defcent will be 
 made upon the weftern coaft of Scotland, between 
 Kircudbright and Glafgow at the mouth of the 
 Clyde -, and as it will be neceffary to fail pretty near 
 the coaft of Ireland, in order to go thither, fome 
 Irifh officers may be landed with arms, to enable 
 the inhabitants of that country to rife. 
 
 If a defcent was intended to be made in England, 
 twice or three times as many troops as are now de- 
 manded, might be tranfported with the fame eafe ; 
 and this would render the affair more certain, and 
 jhe fuccefs much more fpeedy. 
 
 All that remains to be added, is, that how de- 
 firous foever the K of Great Britain may be to 
 fecond the defires and good difpofitions of his faith- 
 ful fubje&s of Scotland, he never would have thought 
 
 of
 
 ( 220 ) 
 
 of propofing this expedition in the prefent conjunc- 
 ture, if he had not chiefly in view the great advan- 
 tage which France may reap from it, and if he was 
 not absolutely perfuaded that it is the beft and fureft 
 way for her to re-eftablilh her affairs. 
 
 To his mod Chriftian Majefty it is left to judge of 
 'what is here propoled, and with his consummate 
 prudence, to determine what may be bed for his 
 own intereft, independent of that of his Br 
 M . 
 
 EXPLA-
 
 E X PL AN ATION 
 
 O F 
 
 Mr. M A C L E A N's 
 
 ENTERPRIZE: 
 
 By Way of Obje&ion and Anfwer. 
 
 THIS 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 Was given by 
 
 The K of ENGLAND 
 
 (The Chevalier de St. GEORGE) 
 T O 
 
 The Moft CHRISTIAN KING.
 
 EXPLANATION 
 
 O F 
 
 Mr. M A C L E A N's 
 
 ENTERPRIZE, 
 
 OBJECT. 1. 
 
 rpHERE is fo much 
 * contradiftion and 
 difagreement in the pro- 
 pofals which have been 
 drawn up concerning the 
 affairs of Scotland, fo 
 much roguery and deceit, 
 fo much paffion and 
 weaknefs on both fides 
 of the queftion, that it 
 is not to be wondered at 
 if nothing has yet been 
 determined upon that 
 fubjecl:. Some, and even 
 the greatefl, of your 
 Lords, do not agree in 
 their demands. Some- 
 times they want one 
 thing, 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 E know full well 
 that feveral rogues 
 and interefled men have, 
 through a refined policy 
 of the Englifh, been too 
 much concerned in our 
 othervvife well-concerted 
 affairs. 
 
 The greatefl of our 
 Lords are divided by 
 their interefls. Mif- 
 truft andjealoufy height- 
 en that divifion. The 
 good patriots quarrel 
 with thofe who favour 
 the Englilh faction. But 
 though the greatefl part 
 of 
 
 8
 
 thing, and fometimes 
 another. Mr. Maclean 
 is the only perfon who 
 abides by what he 3rd 
 faid, namely, that the 
 revolt mult be begun by 
 a fmall enterprize, of 
 which he is defirous to 
 have the management. 
 For this the others look 
 upon him as a vifionary, 
 without being at the trou- 
 ble of conlidering his 
 reafons. How can we 
 determine this difpute, 
 but by laying^, If the 
 Scots are inclined to 
 fhake off the Englifli 
 yoke, will they do it as 
 the Hungarians fhook off 
 theirs ? 
 
 of our Lords,' and al- 
 moft all the lefler nobi- 
 lity, are well difpofed for 
 a revolution, they are 
 only individuals, with- 
 out leaders. Not one is 
 found bold enough to 
 begin the revolt. A Ra- 
 gotzki is fought for, in 
 vain. Thofe who have 
 the power to do it, will 
 not yet venture their for- 
 tunes, without fuch af- 
 furances as cannot be 
 given them. Thofe who 
 have the beft will, have 
 not the power. A good 
 beginningwil! bringthem 
 all into ation. Mr. 
 Maclean's enterprize will 
 do it effectually, by giv- 
 ing every one pretences 
 and opportunities to take 
 up arms. 
 
 OBJECT. II. 
 
 We are perfuaded that 
 yovr Highlanders are ea- 
 fily induced to take up 
 arms. But they cannot 
 be depended upon : and 
 Mr. Maclean owns they 
 could not do any thing 
 after the death of Lord 
 Dundee. 
 
 OB- 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 Mr. Maclean muft 
 know what the people of 
 his country, in which he 
 has made feveral cam- 
 paigns, can do. He has 
 executed bolder and more 
 perilous enterprizes than 
 that which is now in 
 queftion. Lord Dundee 
 put
 
 225 ) 
 
 put himfeh? haftily at the 
 head of two thoufand 
 Highlanders, to meet 
 General Mackay, and 
 inarched upwards of for- 
 ty miles the evening be- 
 fore the battte. Mr. 
 Maclean was there, at 
 the head of his regiment. 
 Mackay's army was cut 
 in pieces, though he had 
 five thoufand men, all 
 regulars, drawn out of 
 the old regiments of the 
 army in Holland. But 
 after the death of Lord 
 Dundee, we had not the 
 means of purfuing the 
 advantages of our victo- 
 ry. We had no money, 
 no regular troops, no bo- 
 dy of forces formed but 
 in an hurry, and without 
 difcipline, without Gene- 
 rals, and without officers 
 of experience : no maga- 
 zine, no provisions in an 
 almoft barren and defart 
 country, where the whole 
 nation was combined a- 
 , gainft us. Yet, notwith- 
 itanding all thefe difficul- 
 ties, we continued the 
 war three years, which 
 coft the Prince of Orange 
 and the nation imrnenfe 
 fums. Mr. Maclean is 
 very able to give the rea- 
 O fons
 
 ( 226 ) 
 
 OBJECT. III. 
 
 Mr. Maclean has ferv- 
 cd in France thefe fifteen 
 years, and is, I believe, a 
 good officer. But as he 
 is out of his own coun- 
 try, what afili ranee has 
 he of being followed and 
 obeyed, he not being a 
 chieftain ? 
 
 fons why we could not 
 do any thing then. He 
 has ftudied the caufes of 
 it, and has laboured for 
 fifteen years paft to find 
 out the remedy , he 
 is therefore the fitteft 
 perfort to be employed. 
 Our enemies allow, that 
 if we were difciplined, 
 and knew how to form 
 ourfelves into regular bo- 
 dies, no troops in the 
 world would be able to 
 refift us. 
 
 ANSWER. 
 He is fure of finding 
 there many of his rela- 
 tions and friends, cadets 
 of ancient families, and 
 other gentlemen who 
 have no fortunes, with 
 their followers, to the a- 
 mount of about three 
 thoufand men. Of this, 
 he has repeated afluran- 
 ces from them. Nor will 
 the chieftains be hurt 
 thereby. On the con- 
 trary, they will be the 
 better enabled to take 
 their meafures with the 
 reft of the nation. Mr. 
 Maclean purpofes to form 
 out of them a felect bo- 
 dy of troops, well difci- 
 plined, and well provided 
 with all things necefTary 
 to
 
 OBJECT. IV. 
 
 If fuch great things 
 can be done in that coun- 
 try with fo few men, 
 whence comes it that 
 your Lords are fo un- 
 willing to ftir ? Have 
 you none but Mr. Mac- 
 lean, capable of conduct- 
 ing an affair of fo great 
 confequence ? Do you 
 think it becoming his 
 Majefty's wifdom fo 
 lightly to truft the repu- 
 tation of his arms ? 
 
 227 ) 
 
 to act by fea and by land ; 
 which has never yet been 
 feenin that country. Thefe 
 men will not be afraid to 
 make war upon the Prince 
 of Orange, fupported by 
 the whole combined na- 
 tion : whereas thofe that 
 made it againfl their law- 
 ful .K , were only an 
 
 handful of Highlanders, 
 who had nothing but 
 their courage, without 
 any affiftance, or know- 
 ledge of war. A regu- 
 lar body of fuch men as 
 are here propofed, will 
 be extremely formidable, 
 now that we mall have 
 whatever is neceffary for 
 action, and that the whole 
 nation is well difpofed in 
 favour of our defigns. 
 
 ANSWER. 
 There are Lords more 
 capable of ruining an af- 
 fair, than of managfhg 
 it properly. The title 
 of Lord does not give 
 military fcience. Thofe 
 who are moft capable of 
 it, know not how to fet 
 about making war in a 
 country fo different in all 
 refpects from the reft of 
 Europe. Befides inac- 
 ceffible mountains, and 
 feveral great difficulties 
 Q^ 2 arifing
 
 228 ) 
 
 arifing from the climate, 
 it has many iflands, arms 
 of the fea, and bogs, 
 which no flrangers can 
 tell how to pafs. The 
 temper, drefs, and way 
 of living of the inhabi- 
 tants, are fuited to the 
 nature of the country, 
 and cannot be adopted 
 by foreigners. Their 
 manner of making expe- 
 ditions by fea or by land, 
 gives them a very great 
 fuperiority ; though they 
 neither underftand the art 
 of war, nor have any ex- 
 perienced officers. The 
 barrennefs of their coun- 
 try occafions fo many 
 difficulties in refpect of 
 provifions, that all the 
 officers who have been 
 fent thither, glad of a 
 pretence to cover their 
 bad fuccefs, have accu- 
 fed the Highlanders of 
 not being fit for war. 
 
 Mr. Maclean, who 
 knows both the difficul- 
 ties and the remedies, 
 will be very glad to fee 
 another, more capable 
 than himfelf, undertake 
 the direction and com- 
 mand. He promifes 
 faithfully to obey him, 
 and to give him all the 
 afllft-
 
 229 ) 
 
 affiftance in his power. 
 He mentioned this three 
 
 years ago to the Q- 
 
 of England, and named 
 Mr. Hamilton, as the 
 fitteft perfon to conduct 
 the troops that there were 
 then thoughts of fending 
 into Scotland. For Mr, 
 Maclean undertakes no- 
 thing more than effectu- 
 ally to begin the revolt, 
 and to form a body of 
 troops more capable than 
 the prefent ones may be 
 of afting and of going 
 any where, either in 
 Scotland or Ireland, ac- 
 cording to the orders of 
 thofe who mail be named 
 to command the armies 
 and (hires. But as the 
 revolt ought to begin 
 with the Highlanders, 
 and the only one of that 
 nation now in France is 
 Mr. Maclean, he muft 
 be the beft qualified for 
 that office : efpecially as 
 he has ftudied what is 
 proper to be done. His 
 family is one of the moft 
 powerful and moft war- 
 like of the country, and 
 will furnim him five hun- 
 dred men, as it has al- 
 ready done feveral times. 
 As
 
 ( 23 ) 
 
 As to what concerns 
 the reputation of his 
 Majefty's arms, confider- 
 ing the fmallnefs of our 
 enterprize, it is eafy to 
 anfwer that objection ; 
 fince the revolt is to be 
 begun by the people of 
 the country, under pre- 
 tence of feveral griev- 
 ances, which will be al- 
 lowed by every one i and 
 as the Irifh merchants 
 and other friends are to 
 be fuppofed to have fup- 
 plied us with arms. The 
 Earl of Argyle fet us 
 juft fuch an example, 
 when the late King James 
 afcended the throne. His 
 Majefty was then che- 
 rifhed and beloved by his 
 people, and abfolute 
 matter of his three king- 
 doms. The Earl of Ar- 
 gyle, then an exile in 
 Holland, found affiftance 
 there. He had the bold- 
 nefs to embark on board 
 of two fmall mips, with 
 only ten of his friends 
 and fixty foldiers. He 
 landed in our ifles, and 
 - though all his neighbours 
 were his enemies, he got 
 together three thoufand 
 men. He was no war- 
 rior : but yet he cut out 
 fuf-
 
 231 ) 
 
 fufficient work for five 
 fhips of war and the 
 King's whole army dur- 
 ing a campaign, which 
 coft the King and the 
 nation immenfe fums. 
 Our enterprize will be 
 better concerted, for we 
 have numbers of nobi- 
 lity, and of good officers. 
 The perplexity intowhich 
 it will throw the Eng- 
 lifh, is an additional mo- 
 tive to encourage Mr. 
 Maclean to proiecute his 
 enterprize : and though 
 it will be judged that 
 France is lecretly at the 
 bottom of it, yet even 
 that will do us good : 
 for at the fame time that 
 it will raife our courage, 
 it will weaken the Eng- 
 lifh, who will be obliged 
 to neglect either their ex- 
 peditions beyond fea, or 
 the revolt at home. For 
 our parts, ten thoufand 
 Englifh in our country 
 will give us no uneafi- 
 nefs. 
 
 OBJECT. V. 
 
 Suppofmg your four 
 thoufand men to be a 
 formidable force among 
 
 your mountamsj 
 
 and 
 that 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 It . is reafonable to be- 
 lieve that the Englifh 
 will endeavour to attack 
 our pofts upon the fea- 
 fide, 
 
 8
 
 ( 232 ) 
 
 ttiat neither the Englifh fide, 
 nor the reft of the Scots 
 can, or think it worth 
 their while to make war 
 upon you, what fervice 
 will you be then of to 
 the King ? 
 
 O B J E C T. VI. 
 
 The armament which 
 Mr. Maclean propofes 
 will co ft the King money, 
 befides the rifk of the 
 Scotch tranfports. Is it 
 not reafonable to have 
 fome good affurance of 
 luccefs, before it be grant- 
 ed ? 
 
 becaufe we may 
 from thence greatly an- 
 noy their trade* But, 
 however that may be, we 
 lhall be able to animate a 
 revolt in feveral places, 
 and to fubfift in fpite of 
 all oppofition. This is 
 all that Mr. Maclean 
 promifes. The minifter 
 well knows what confe- 
 quences may be drawn 
 from thence in favour of 
 a general revolt, and of 
 a powerful cHverfion. 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 The King's money, as 
 well as the other things 
 necefTary for the expedi- 
 tion, will be in the hands 
 of a treafurer or com- 
 mifiary of his Majefty's 
 own appointing, and will 
 be guarded by two hun- 
 dred French grenadiers 
 in an impregnable poft. 
 The meafures for em- 
 barking in France, and 
 for landing in our iflands, 
 will be taken with fuch 
 certainty, that there will 
 be no fort of danger 
 from the enemy. But, 
 that Mr. Maclean's bare 
 word may not be relied 
 on (though he has given 
 fuf-
 
 *33 ) 
 
 fufficient proofs of his 
 zeal for trance, where 
 he leaves his wife and 
 children) he is content 
 to embark immediately 
 on board of a frigate or 
 privateer, with any per- 
 ibn that mall be appoint- 
 ed to go with him, to 
 mew that perfon the pofts 
 and coafts, and to confer 
 with fome of the people 
 of the country, in his 
 prefence, to mew the fo- 
 lidity of all that he ad- 
 vances. 
 
 OBJECT. VII. 
 
 Let us fuppofe again 
 that Mr. Maclean is ar- 
 rived with his armament 
 in the iflands, and that 
 he has got together four 
 thoufand men in an in- 
 acceffible country : are 
 we to believe that all the 
 other (hires will likewife 
 take up arms, and that 
 the whole nation will do 
 the fame ? 
 
 R 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 As all military enter- 
 prifes depend upon the 
 blefling of heaven, juf- 
 t ce, and good conduct, 
 Mr. Maclean promiles 
 only to make the moft he 
 can of the opportunities 
 that may offer in Ireland 
 and in Scotland. The 
 difpofition of both thofe 
 kingdoms for a revolt is 
 fo well known, that the 
 confequences may be ea- 
 fily forefeen from the 
 time of the armament's 
 arriving there. The firft 
 will be, its difconcerting 
 the tranfmarine expedi- 
 tions of the Englifh. 
 
 OB-
 
 2 34 ) 
 
 OBJECT. VIII. 
 
 Let us fuppofe again, 
 that the (hires, next to 
 the Highlands, will im- 
 mediately take up arms, 
 and that the inferior no- 
 bility, and the moft fpi- 
 rited of your Lords, will 
 obi ge the others to de- 
 clare themfelves ; that 
 the difpoffefied Epifco- 
 palians will join them, 
 and that they will make 
 the public good, and the 
 welfare of the nation, 
 their plea for gaining 
 over the prefbyterians, 
 and for demanding a free 
 parliament : the Scots 
 will then do nothing 
 without the afiiftance of 
 France, and will want 
 her to favour the revolt 
 in Ireland, where they 
 and the mm Catholics 
 together, will eafily make 
 themfelves mailers of the 
 country, as is faid. 
 
 OBJECT. IX. ANSWER. 
 
 ANSWER. 
 
 Mr. Maclean does not 
 prefume to talk in fo 
 high a ftile. That be- 
 longs to thofe who are 
 the rulers of ftates. It 
 is hard to fay what may 
 be the events of a civil 
 war. Jt is pretty cer- 
 tain that if the Irilh had 
 a fufEcient force to pro- 
 tect their Catholic coun~ 
 ties, and give them time 
 to arm and affemble, 
 they would fend thirty 
 thoufand men into the 
 field. The Bimop of 
 Waterford , and Colonel 
 Dillon, who act in con- 
 cert with Mr. Maclean, 
 will anfwer for this fact. 
 They are authorifed by 
 their countrymen fo to 
 do. 
 
 If it mould be thought 
 proper to employ Mr. 
 Maclean to join the him 
 officers, in order to raife 
 the forces in queftion, 
 how would he be able to 
 tranf- 
 
 Mr. Maclean engages 
 to have in readinefs a 
 fufficient number of mips 
 to tranfport them. The 
 province of Connaught, 
 in which there is the 
 great-
 
 tranfport their four thou- greateft number of Ca- 
 
 fand men, after the tholics, is near at hand. 
 
 . French fliips fhould be It is eafy to fettle what 
 
 gone ? concerns the tranfports 
 
 to Scotland, the time of 
 embarking, and the mea- 
 fures for lecuring a fafe 
 pafiage. 
 
 It will alfo be eafy to 
 explain how our arma- 
 ment will purfue its def- 
 tination in fpite of the 
 enemy's (hips, even 
 though they mould ar- 
 rive as foon as we : how 
 our fquadron may retire 
 from our feas without 
 danger : how we mail 
 find mips enough of our 
 own country to carry us 
 any where ; and how we 
 fhall fecure them. 
 
 It is evidently his Majefty's interefl, as well as 
 that of the K. of England, to do all that is pof- 
 fible to foment a civil war in Scotland. 
 
 Since the bare report of the laft enterprize had 
 already produced fuch an effeft in England, that 
 every one was in a hurry to draw his money out of 
 the public funds, the Princefs of Denmark would 
 have found it very difficult to fupport Guyenne, if 
 things had continued a little longer in that fituation : 
 at lead it is certain, that, far from being able to 
 fend any fuccours to the allies, me would have been 
 obliged to recall moft of her troops for her own 
 defence. 
 
 The
 
 The fig'natures of the principal Scottifli Lords 
 are a manifeft proof of their fidelity : nor have they 
 given any room to doub r it, though the public 
 may, perhaps, think otherwife ; not knowing that 
 the King had fen t them orders not to undertake any 
 thing till the arrival and landing of the K. of Eng- 
 land ; and, above all, to keep the fecret preferably 
 to all other con fi derations. 
 
 The K. of England, far from being difcouraged 
 by this laft attempt, is but the more animated by 
 it, and is refolved never to fpare his own perfon, 
 but ftir heaven and earth for the recovery of his 
 dominions. 
 
 In this view he purpofes immediately to fend a 
 perfon to the Highlands of Scotland, with the fol- 
 lowing inftruclions. 
 
 If he finds them in arms, to affure them, that 
 liis B. M y will fpeedily come, and put him- 
 felf at their head, and bring them ammunition of 
 war, and money. If they are not in arms, he is 
 to propofe to them to rife, with the like afTurance, 
 that the K. of England is quite ready to join them 
 in perfon, and that his moft Chriftian Majefty will 
 afiift them with troops, as foon after as they can be 
 ient with fafety. 
 
 In fhort, to know of the Scots what they can 
 do^and what they defire the moft Chriftian King 
 to do for their affiftance. 
 
 The above-mentioned perfon muft likewife 
 confult with the Scots concerning the diffe- 
 rent mires and ports where the landing may be ef- 
 fected with leaft danger : and, above all, he muft 
 not fail to bring pilots with him, when he returns. 
 
 FINIS.
 
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