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PERILS 
 
 AND 
 
 POSSIBILITIES 
 
 A Voice of Warning and an Appeal to the 
 Citizen and to the Nation. 
 
 BY G. K. OWEN 
 
 ** '"' 1 111^ 
 
 R A V^^ 
 - Of THt 
 
 ..NIYERSITY 
 
 PUBLISHErTFmrTHE AUTHOR 
 
 BY 
 
 PACIFIC PRESS, 
 OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 1896. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1896, by 
 
 G. K. OWEN, 
 
 In the office of the Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C. 
 
 All rights reserved. 
 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 THOSE who have been carefully watching the course of 
 national and individual life in this generation will not require 
 any apology of the author for this attempt to call the attention 
 of our fellow-citizens to the subjects contained in the following 
 pages. Nor would he indulge the thought that any pen has the 
 power to awaken the minds of those whose hearts cannot be moved 
 by the startling events daily transpiring around us, that seem to 
 bring a warning echo, even from the lifeless rocks. 
 
 He who can look on in silence while such dangers are thicken- 
 ing around, or who has only flattering words to speak, is not his 
 country's friend; and he who only looks upon the darkest side, 
 pointing out no star of hope, is little better than an enemy. 
 
 In preparing this volume, the object has been to call attention 
 to a few of the perils and possibilities that may suggest more care- 
 ful thought in the direction of a higher, nobler life for the indi- 
 vidual and the nation. 
 
 By giving careful and practical heed to the instruction on 
 "Human Life" and on "Memory" valuable lives may be 
 saved, and physical and mental power may be greatly increased. 
 
 G. K. OWEN. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES OF OUR NATION 9 
 
 WHAT IS LIFE? 34 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES OF HUMAN LIFE 43 
 
 THE SCIENCE OF MEMORY ... 76 
 
 THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE .... 94 
 
 THE CONFLICT 108 
 
 ALGOMA 132 
 
 BROKEN BANDS 145 
 
 A VOICE FROM THE SUMMER LAND . . 150 
 THE BURIAL MOUND OF KALAMAZOO . 154 
 HEALTH AND TEMPERANCE ANALYSIS (ap- 
 pendix) 158 
 
PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 OF OUR NATION. 
 
 THE greatest worldly riches any man can possess are 
 life and health, with a good constitution ; a sound mind 
 in a sound body. The same is true of any nation. How 
 strange that neither individuals nor nations seem to 
 appreciate such riches, until they have taken their flight! 
 And here we sit, in the sunshine of peace, the favored 
 children of the grandest, freest nation on this rolling 
 earth. And how many of us appreciate our inheritance, 
 or ever will, until we are left as homeless orphans, or as 
 helpless slaves? 
 
 There was a time when it was said that "Europe was 
 one great battle-field, where the weak struggled for 
 freedom, and the strong for dominion. Kings were with- 
 out power, and nobles without principle. They were 
 tyrants at home and robbers abroad." But the time 
 came when the 
 
 INFANT VOICE OF A NEW-BORN NATION 
 
 was heard in a New World, declaring that '"'all men have 
 a right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." 
 We all think it noble for any class of men to defend 
 their own rights, but to defend the rights of others, 
 
 "With a love to enfold 
 All men as brothers, 
 Is better than gold." 
 
 (9) 
 
10 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 The great problem of human government is solved by 
 one writer in few words: 
 
 "What constitutes a state? 
 Men, high-minded men, 
 Men who their duties know, 
 And know their rights, 
 And, knowing, dare maintain." 
 
 Such were the men, the high-minded men, who estab- 
 lished our own free government; and by such only can 
 it be perpetuated. If this thought, in all its fullness, can 
 be permanently impressed upon your minds, our object 
 on the present occasion will be accomplished. While 
 we speak on the " perils and possibilities of our nation," 
 we would give especial emphasis to the idea of 
 
 PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY. 
 
 To the question, "Where is thy brother?" you 
 remember Cain's answer, "I know not; am I my brother's 
 keeper?" 
 
 Yes, we are our "brother's keeper," to a greater extent 
 than we are apt to realize; and our responsibility does 
 not stop with a few of our nearest relatives; for nations 
 are composed of individuals; and every citizen becomes 
 responsible, to a certain degree, for the character and life 
 of the nation. The question, "What is life?" is one of 
 much interest and frequent discussion. Poets sometimes 
 tell us that "life is but an empty dream." But such an 
 empty, dreamy, aimless, hopeless, butterfly, dime-novel 
 sort of existence as some call life is not worthy the name. 
 True life, that brings present joy, and bright hope for the 
 future, is described by Longfellow in his "Psalm of Life," 
 in which he says: 
 
OF OUR NATION. 11 
 
 "Tell me not, in mournful numbers, 
 
 Life is but an empty dream; 
 For the soul is dead that slumbers, 
 
 And things are not what they seem. 
 Life is real, life is earnest, 
 And the grave is not its goal." 
 
 As in the real, earnest life of an individual, so in the 
 life and history of a nation, it is well, it is imperative, 
 sometimes to pause and take our bearings, and seek to 
 ascertain our whereabouts. And as we do this, as we 
 seek to understand our position in this world, as individ- 
 uals and as a nation, we would present before your minds 
 
 A PICTURE 
 
 that your imagination will readily paint with the most 
 glowing colors. We will hang the picture right up here 
 in the air; but your minds will expand it far beyond the 
 walls of this room. We sometimes illustrate our subject 
 by scenes on revolving canvas; but pictures can only aid 
 the imagination to see the reality, and he sees most and 
 best who sees more with his imagination than with his 
 eyes. For this reason we ask you to do the painting, 
 while we draw the outlines of the picture. And we shall 
 have a splendid picture, if you will do the most of the 
 work, and do it skilfully and well. So now prepare 
 your most beautiful colors: your ultra-marine to paint 
 the deepest bend of the ocean wave; your snowy white 
 to frost its foaming crest; your orange and your crimson 
 to paint the rising sun in all its blazing glory. But hold 
 your bright colors for a moment. There may be some of 
 you who regard the cradle picture of the human race as 
 a negative, or only as a beautiful oriental tale composed 
 
12 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 by some very ancient writer. Others may regard it as 
 positive; but, however this may be, let us all look upon 
 the picture, and then upon the lesson that may be drawn 
 from it. 
 
 Now come on with your beautiful colors. Roll back 
 six thousand years, ye wheels of time. But no, they 
 never roll backward, though often invited to do so. 
 They are ever and forever rolling on, bearing our old 
 ship Chronos over the high, heaving billows of the sea of 
 life toward the boundless ocean of eternity. Was that 
 thunder? Hark! Do you hear the roar of that coming 
 storm? 
 
 But even now, while the mountainous waves in their 
 fury are dashing around us, and old Chronos madly 
 plunges on, we find ourselves 
 
 "LOOKING BACKWARD" 
 
 over the voyage of life of the human race, toward the 
 quiet port of peace from which we started. In our im- 
 agination we see a beautiful garden. Our minds can hot 
 picture all of its glory; but, as we gaze through the mists 
 of the ages that intervene, faith throws her radiant 
 beams upon the long-lost Paradise; and the soul is 
 enraptured with the entrancing beauty of that Eden 
 home. The morning sun is just pouring its rich flood of 
 light over trees, fruits, and flowers, unmarred by devour- 
 ing insect or withering blight, untouched by sin's 
 destroying curse. But who are those two majestic beings, 
 clothed in robes of light, that we see coming along that 
 beautiful winding avenue? How their countenances 
 beam with intelligence, innocence, and love! My friends, 
 allow me the privilege of introducing to you, Mr. and 
 Mrs. Adam. But hush! Hark! Hear those rapturous 
 
OF OUR NATION. 13 
 
 strains of music bursting forth as they enter the most 
 lovely spot in all that garden, and engage in their morn- 
 ing worship. And see those beautiful birds of Paradise, 
 with such shining plumage, alighting on all the trees, 
 and uniting their clear clarion notes in the morning 
 anthem of praise to their Creator; while a convoy of ten 
 thousand angels, hovering near the earth, roll down their 
 celestial voices from the vaulted heavens, to blend in the 
 chorus, in such perfect time and harmony. And, as the 
 last note rolls away in heavenly hallelujahs through the 
 skies, that noble king and queen, who were crowned with 
 glory and honor, and given dominion over all the earth, 
 continue their walk through the garden, conversing 
 about the wisdom and love of their Creator, as revealed 
 in all the living forms of grandeur and magnificence 
 around them. The hour of noon lias come; and we see 
 them standing beneath the wide-spreading branches of a 
 beautiful tree near the center of the garden, its boughs 
 all bending with their load of such delicious looking 
 fruit; and yet, between them and that fruit, the law of 
 prohibition has been placed. Order is said to be 
 Heaven's first law. Perhaps prohibition is its second; 
 for, as nothing good can exist without order, neither can 
 order be perpetuated without prohibition. But see! as 
 they stand gazing upon that tempting fruit, they seem to 
 be raising their hands to pluck it. Stop, Adam! Adam! 
 Adam! Would y<u plant the seeds of misery, untold 
 anguish, and unutterable woe, to be inherited by the 
 unborn billions yet to be on this fair earth? Alas! I 
 have spoken six thousand years too late. They have 
 plucked they have tasted the forbidden fruit. Its 
 strange juice flows through their veins. And is it not 
 still flowing through yours, through mine? They yielded 
 
14 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 to temptation on the point of appetite; and all the gen- 
 erations that have followed have failed on the same 
 point. 
 
 You may think, perhaps you are thinking, that you 
 never would have so lightly regarded such weighty 
 responsibility as did Adam, when he raised his hand to 
 pluck that fruit. And we do not know that there was 
 any real poison in its juice. But stop! What deadly 
 poison is that which you are about to raise to your lips? 
 Oh, stay your hand, and think for one moment about your 
 responsibility! You shall not be warned six thousand 
 years too late. Neither was Adam. But they forfeited 
 their Eden home, and their robes of electric light with 
 which they had been clothed with power to rule the 
 world. 
 
 But let us have one more view of that beautiful garden. 
 How changed the picture! For now we miss the two 
 chief attractions. They are hiding amid the dense 
 foliage of the trees of the garden; for they have felt the 
 earth tremble beneath the tread of the Creator, "walking 
 in the garden in the cool of the day." Then Adam's 
 name is called, and he knows that his hiding is in vain. 
 
 "WHERE ART THOU?" 
 
 was the first question to the first man, the father of the 
 human race, spoken by Him whose voice is like the 
 sound of many waters, and like mighty thunder. That 
 voice of grandest music, that said, "Light be," and 
 "light was;" that Omnipotent voice that spake, and 
 worlds sprang from chaos, into the perfection of beauty 
 and order, in obedience to Heaven's first law; that grand 
 and glorious voice that said to the rolling ocean, 
 " Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further, and here shall 
 
OF OUR NATION. 15 
 
 thy proud waves be stayed," according to Heaven's sec- 
 ond law (prohibition); that voice that all the waters of 
 the deluge could not drown rolling down the ages, 
 thundering among the mountains, and echoing from 
 shore to shore, across all the oceans and plains of earth, 
 comes to every son and daughter of Adam, and to every 
 tribe and nation, "Where art thou?" Just as vain as 
 Adam found his hiding-place, will be every attempt to 
 hide from this question; for David, the inspired poet, has 
 said: "If I ascend up into Heaven, thou art there; if I 
 make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there. If I take 
 the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost 
 parts of the sea; even there shall thy hand lead me, and 
 thy right hand shall hold me." And this question will 
 not only smite upon every ear, but it will bring an 
 answer from every tongue; for it is written, "Every knee 
 shall bow, and every tongue shall confess." And so the 
 question comes to every one of us to-day, ''Where art 
 thou?" We are living in 
 
 A WONDERFUL COUNTRY AND IX A WONDERFUL AGE, 
 
 in which, as the poet has said, "To be living is sublime." 
 The world has had its age of giants, large skeletons of 
 which are sometimes found. It has had its age of massive 
 architecture, some ancient ruins containing stones fifteen 
 feet thick, seventeen feet wide, and sixty-nine feet long. 
 It has had its golden age, its age of poets, its age of dis- 
 coveries, and, my nation, my native land, where art thou? 
 The voice of America replies: " We have no time to answer 
 such a question. We have harnessed to our ship the 
 steeds of fire, with the power of steam. Our whip is the 
 forked lightning, and dynamite our fuel. Every sail is 
 set and filled with cyclones, and onward we dash, filling 
 
16 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 the air with spray, and covering the ocean with foam." 
 But "where art thou?" This question admits of no 
 "local option." It is true our ship is driving on at a fear- 
 ful speed, but whether in a straight line toward the harbor 
 of peace and safety, or whirling in a spiral curve, down 
 the wide, open, fathomless throat of the maelstrom, is the 
 question for America to decide. America, where art 
 
 thou to-day? In what age? Hark! I hear the answer: 
 "In the fast age; in the age of inventions and improve- 
 ments; the age of startling accidents and terrible disasters, 
 of horrible crimes, and fearful responsibilities." 
 
 There seems to be an impression upon the most thought- 
 ful minds in our nation that we are approaching some 
 awful crisis, in which the destiny of nations will be 
 involved. The world is anxiously watching the march of 
 
OF OUR NATION. 
 
 17 
 
 our republic, as so beautifully expressed in those familiar 
 
 lines : 
 
 "Thou too sail on, O ship of state; 
 Sail on, O Union, strong and great. 
 Humanity, with all its fears, 
 With all its hopes of future years, 
 Is hanging breathless on thy fate." 
 
 And shall we sleep on while the fate of the world hangs 
 trembling in the balance? If anything can be done to 
 arouse us to a sense of our danger, and we care enough 
 for the fate of our nation to seek for a remedy, we shall 
 begin to realize the 
 
 IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION 
 
 as never before. But are we not doing all that could be 
 desired in the work of education? 
 We are thankful for what is being 
 done in the right direction, but 
 there is a kind of education being 
 carried on in our streets that consti- 
 tutes one of the most threatening 
 perils of our nation. I was reading 
 a while ago the w T ords of one writer, 
 who said: 
 
 " You send your sons to school to 
 the professors, but the boys in the 
 street educate them." 
 
 Do you realize what a sad truth 
 these words express? Have you ever seen the results 
 of this street education? In the summer of 1864 I took 
 an order for a book of the son of a merchant in the city 
 of Marshall, Michigan. When I came around to deliver 
 the book, the boy said: "We have our trial to-day, and 
 2 
 
18 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 I do not know as I can take the book till I see how that 
 comes out. We have done a good deal, but I do not 
 believe they can prove it." Then he said: "We 
 
 ORGANIZED A THIEVING CLUB, 
 
 and they appointed me chief. One member of the club 
 stole a watch, and he was so bungling about it that he 
 got caught, and so we were all exposed." I learned from 
 the citizens that their thieving club was composed of 
 fifteen or twenty boys, from twelve to fifteen years of age. 
 In their street education they had learned to pick locks, 
 and had stolen quite an amount of goods from freight 
 cars and other places, and were storing them in one of 
 the large sewers of the city until they could prepare 
 a cave in the woods in which to hide them. When I 
 was at Napa, California, I learned of a similar band of 
 boys that was organized there. A part of their work was 
 to burn buildings. They kept a record, not only of the 
 crimes they had committed, but also of those they had 
 planned to commit. 
 
 Some of the words of Dr. Beecher on the "Necessity of 
 Education," that I read when a schoolboy, are still in 
 my memory. He says : 
 
 "We must educate. We must educate, or we must 
 perish by our own prosperity. If we do not, short will 
 be our race from the cradle to the grave. If in our haste 
 to be rich and mighty we outrun our literary and relig- 
 ious institutions, they will never overtake us; or only 
 come up after the battle of liberty is fought and lost, as 
 spoils to grace the victory, and as resources of inexorable 
 despotism for the perpetuity of our bondage. And let 
 no man at the east quiet himself and dream of liberty, 
 whatever may become of the west. We can not stand 
 
OF OUR NATION. 19 
 
 aloof in the hour of her calamity, should it ever come. 
 Her destiny is our destiny. In the day that her gallant- 
 ship goes down, our little boat sinks in the vortex. And 
 yet what is done must be done quickly, for population 
 will not wait, commerce will not cast anchor, manufacto- 
 ries will not shut off the steam, nor shut down the gate. 
 And agriculture, pushed by millions of freemen on their 
 native soil, will not withhold her corrupting abundance." 
 
 In his closing words he says: 
 
 "It took Rome three hundred years to die; and our 
 death, if we perish, will be as much more terrific as our 
 intelligence and free institutions have given us more 
 bone, sinew, and vitality. May God hide from me the 
 day when the dying agonies of my country shall begin." 
 
 When these words were written, and when we used to 
 read them in school, you remember how we used to talk 
 of the north, the south, the east, and the west of our coun- 
 try; but now it is our country, our home, bound together 
 by its network of railroads, telegraphs, and telephones; its 
 restless inhabitants rushing to and fro across its broad 
 fields, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from the lakes 
 to the gulf, without leaving home. And it is not only 
 our home, but its 
 
 DOORS HAVE BEEN THROWN OPEN TO THE NATIONS OF THE 
 
 EARTH; 
 
 and the overflowing inhabitants of other countries have 
 come swarming to our shores. And while they come to 
 seek refuge from oppression, and to be fed upon the rich 
 products of our soil, they bring a large amount of strong 
 muscle to be used in our forests, mines, and shops. But 
 there is another side to this picture. What is to be the 
 result of this large influx of humanity, with their foreign 
 
20 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 opinions, if the education of our American-born citizens 
 is so neglected, or so misdirected, as to become one of our 
 nation's greatest perils? 
 
 In the unceasing conflict between truth and error, 
 between right and wrong, between light and darkness, 
 the final result largely depends upon the education of the 
 people. Right in the midst of all our boasted achieve- 
 ments in science and art, and our flourishing institutions 
 of learning, the people, as Hosea predicted, are 
 
 "DESTROYED FOR LACK OF KNOWLEDGE;" 
 
 and education is still the great want of the age. The 
 work of education is not simply to form great plans, and 
 to draw the outlines, but it is bound to carry those plans 
 on to perfection. When the artist has drawn the outlines 
 of a landscape, and sketched some of its most prominent 
 features, his labor is but just begun. His great work is 
 to fill up and complete the picture, counterfeiting the 
 thousands of smaller objects by the finest strokes of the 
 brush. The work of reformation and civilization through- 
 out the world is, even to-day, like the rude outlines of an 
 immense picture. The great work of filling up is not yet 
 accomplished. Every generation seems 
 
 INCLINED TO GRADUATE PREMATURELY. 
 
 We are too apt to stand at our ease, with folded arms, 
 gazing with admiration upon what has been accomplished 
 by men of other days, such, for instance, as the reformers, 
 or the patriots of the Revolution, and to think, "What a 
 responsible position they occupied!" without remember- 
 ing our own obligation. But a greater work lies before 
 us. 
 
OF OUR NATION. 21 
 
 AND WHO WILL ARM FOR THE CONFLICT? 
 
 Alarming symptoms of the mortal disease of our nation 
 are rapidly increasing. The terrible elements of disunion, 
 that have, like the shock of an earthquake, shaken the 
 temple of freedom to its very foundation, and the political 
 corruption that has been manifested in our land during 
 the past few years, can not fail to awaken in every loyal 
 heart, feelings of the most deep and thrilling emotion. 
 The blessings with which we have always been sur- 
 rounded have become so common that we hardly know 
 how to prize them. You remember those happy days 
 when we used to assemble on the birthday of our nation, 
 and, surrounded by the richest blessings of the land of 
 liberty, we would sing those soul-stirring anthems of 
 freedom, and listen to the orator's eloquent story of our 
 nation's victories and prosperity. How our glad hearts 
 would glow with thankfulness for the rich inheritance 
 that has descended to us from our forefathers! And shall 
 such blessings as these be ours no longer? Shall we 
 claim them only in the fading memories of the past; 
 only as relics of history? Shall the prediction of Dr. 
 Beecher concerning the dying agonies of our country, be 
 realized by this generation? Only a few years ago, while 
 the lovely orb of liberty was veiled in sorrow by the dark 
 cloud of war, and traitors were seeking to lay in ruins the 
 great American temple of freedom, we were aroused from 
 our careless slumber by the thunder tones of the most 
 solemn warning, reminding us of our responsibility as 
 American citizens, and of the obligation we are under, 
 not only to preserve the dearly-bought prize, but to carry 
 on the great work of freedom that was so well begun in 
 the foundation of our grand republic. 
 
 Of THE 
 
 - NIYERSITY 
 
 OF 
 
22 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 The most powerful motives for immediate and earnest 
 action are those of patriotism. The fondest memories 
 that cling around our native homes and firesides, the 
 firmest ties that unite society, and the dearest bonds of 
 friendship, call upon us to cherish and sustain the pre- 
 cious privileges and free institutions of our native land. 
 Advocates of the same great cause labored long and well 
 in the Old World, to establish a liberal form of govern 
 ment, and to open to mankind the gates of freedom. But 
 ours, if we fail not, will be the first example of complete 
 success. Among all nations and forms of government, 
 ours stands without a parallel. This is the 
 
 GREATEST EXPERIMENT OF SELF-GOVERNMENT 
 
 the world has ever attempted; and should this, after all, 
 prove a failure, what then? But why speak of failure? 
 Is not our government established upon a firm founda- 
 tion, and mighty in military power? Certainly. But if 
 in these sources we find oar only hope, our only trust, we 
 shall surely fall. Although our beautiful ship of state 
 has outweathered fearful storms, yet, without the most 
 earnest and unfaltering efforts on our part, her destruction 
 will be as certain as the destruction of the weakest tree of 
 the forest, beneath the crash of the falling thunderbolt. 
 
 A short time since and some of us would have scorned 
 the idea of danger; but events of the past few years have 
 taught us a lesson that I hope we shall never forget. 
 The danger which threatens us is not that we lack military 
 power, nor that our soldiers want courage; for when the 
 lightnings told throughout the land that the good old 
 Star Spangled Banner had been insulted on the walls of 
 Sumter, thousands were ready, with their lives, to defend 
 it. Neither is it that we have not competent leaders; but- 
 
OF OUR NATION. 23 
 
 Greece and Rome were not without their examples of 
 noble men who fought and labored long and well for the 
 best interests of their countries, yet their sad fate is well 
 known and we are warned to avoid the rocks on which 
 they split. 
 
 Such a government in such a country as ours can not 
 be trusted in the hands of the few. It is not sufficient to 
 be able to say, "There are noble men in our land ;" for a 
 great government can only be sustained by a nation com- 
 posed of great men. To what source, then, shall we look 
 for these "guards of liberty"? Here is a 
 
 WORK THAT MUST BE ACCOMPLISHED BY EDUCATION. 
 
 And when we speak of the importance of education, of 
 course we mean of the right kind; for the full and final 
 results of education in the right direction reach even 
 unto Heaven; but in the opposite direction, down to hell. 
 And the first great lesson to be taught, is the lesson of 
 self-government. This term will be but an empty name 
 in the nation unless its principles be learned and prac- 
 ticed by the individuals composing the nation. "Young 
 America" understands the term to mean, "for every one 
 to have his own way." But that is just the opposite of 
 all government. Woe to the nation ruled by a majority, 
 when that majority are blinded with ignorance. Woe to 
 the nation ruled by a majority, intrusted with the pow- 
 ers of government, and appointed as the guards of virtue, 
 when that majority are controlled by the most corrupt 
 principles that the imagination of fallen men, with the 
 aid of fallen angels, can invent. Woe unto the nation 
 ruled by a majority, holding the nation's freedom in their 
 hands, when that majority are constantly binding and 
 riveting upon themselves the chains of voluntary slavery. 
 
"We are Warned to Avoid the Rocks on Which They Split.' 
 
OUR NATION. 25 
 
 But is it possible for a majority of this great nation to 
 become so corrupt as to endanger the life of the govern- 
 ment? Danger? Do you believe your senses when you 
 see it in their looks and actions, hear it in their speeches 
 and songs, and find its rank poison mingled in the very 
 air you breathe? And do you ask, 
 
 "WHO ARE SLAVES?" 
 
 Read the answer in the lives (or rather the dreamy exist- 
 ence) of the poor playthings of fashion. Read it in the 
 virulent black cloud and disgusting flood (poisoning 
 earth's atmosphere and staining earth's purity) that issue 
 from the thousands of broad fields of tobacco that are 
 annually exhausting the best soil of our country. Then 
 if the answer is not sufficient, let the howling winds of 
 uncontrolled passion whistle, and the angry cataract of 
 "Rum River" roar the answer into your ear. In behalf 
 of the rising generation, and in the name of Freedom, 
 and all that every true heart holds dear, we would 
 
 APPEAL TO THE TEACHERS OF OUR LAND. 
 
 Behold your fellow-citizens, your nation, trembling on 
 the very brink of ruin, and tell me, do you see any work 
 to do? Parents, if our nation is to be saved from ruin, 
 the work can not be commenced too early with your chil- 
 dren. They must learn the lesson of self-control. Sound 
 principles must be instilled into their young minds to 
 give them that independence of character that will not 
 allow them to bow as the willing slaves of every foolish 
 fashion and disgusting habit that have become popular. 
 Teach them that true independence does not consist in 
 disrespect toward parents and teachers, and disregard for 
 the authority and judgment of all their superiors. Teach 
 
YOTTNQ AMERTHA IN PERIL. 
 
OUR NATION. 27 
 
 them that to observe strict order in the family, the school, 
 and the public assembly is not simply to accommodate 
 some one else, but is for their own best interest, and is the 
 most important part of their education. Teach them the 
 words of Solomon: "He that is slow to anger is better 
 than the mighty; and he that ruleth his spirit, than he 
 that taketh a city." 
 
 But when we come to speak of the possibilities of our 
 nation, we must remember that he who 
 
 DARES TO DRAW THE CURTAIN, 
 
 and reveal to his generation the possibilities that lie 
 almost within their reach, must expect to meet the doubts, 
 the opposition, and sometimes even the persecution, that 
 have ever blocked the wheels of human progress. For, 
 teaching that the earth moves, Galileo was persecuted till 
 he was compelled to abjure the beautiful theory of Coper- 
 nicus concerning our planetary system. But it is said 
 that after he had repeated the abjuration, he stamped his 
 foot upon the earth, and indignantly muttered: 
 
 Four hundred years ago, when Columbus proposed to 
 follow the setting sun across the wide and trackless waste 
 of waters to India, the world said, " It is impossible." But, 
 pressing right through all the doubts, discouragements, 
 and opposition that were flung in his face, he found for 
 us this beautiful country that we call "the land of the 
 free, and the home of the brave." 
 
 "My country 'tis of thee, 
 Sweet land of liberty, 
 Of thee I sing." 
 
PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 And when this New World had been discovered, then 
 came the question, "Will it be possible for Europeans 
 ever to establish permanent homes in this wide wilder- 
 ness of savages? " When this problem had been solved, 
 and the British yoke had become too intolerable to be 
 borne by the toiling colonists, " Would it be possible to 
 throw it from their necks, and establish an independent 
 nation?" Many doubting ones opposed the effort, and 
 joined the ranks of the enemy. John Adams, believing 
 in American possibilities, wrote, in 1775: 
 
 " Soon after the Reformation, a few people came over 
 to this New World for conscience' sake. Perhaps this 
 apparently trivial incident may transfer the great seat of 
 empire to America." 
 
 Again, on the day after the signing of the Declaration 
 of Independence, he wrote : 
 
 " Yesterday the greatest question was decided that was 
 ever debated in America; and a greater, perhaps, never 
 was nor will be decided among men." 
 
 Well, you know the rest ; how that in that 
 
 UNEQUAL CONTEST OP AN INFANT NATION 
 
 against one long schooled in the art of war, the perils 
 sometimes seemed almost to hide the possibilities, even 
 from the eyes of the heroes of the Revolution. The 
 glorious victory was followed by peace and prosperity; 
 and yet many wonderful inventions were needed to make 
 our country what we see it to-day. When it was proposed 
 to run vessels across the Atlantic Ocean by steam, a gentle- 
 man over in England said, " I will eat the boiler of the 
 first steamboat that crosses the Atlantic." Don't yon 
 think, if that gentleman were living to-day, and should 
 visit some of our largest harbors, that he could "make 
 out a good square meal " ? 
 
30 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 Robert Fulton was made the butt of ridicule while he 
 was building his first steamboat; and even after he had 
 made one successful trip, they did not believe that he 
 could do it again. But one after another the needed 
 inventions have just 
 
 of doubt and opposition, until the progress of our nation 
 has become a wonder to the world. And yet one insti- 
 tution, that never could harmonize with the free spirit of 
 our republic, has grown up and continued to spread its 
 darkening shadow over our fair land, until, in that final 
 deadly conflict between freedom and slavery, it was man- 
 ifest that the two could no longer dwell together on the 
 same continent; and, contrary to the expectation of 
 many opposers, another great possibility was demon- 
 strated in our nation. 
 
 There are, within our reach, though still unreached, 
 possibilities more important than anything yet accom- 
 plished by man. The work of 
 
 EMANCIPATION FROM SLAVERY IS ONLY COMMENCED. 
 
 There is a slavery more dangerous, more degrading to the 
 human soul, than were the galling fetters with which the 
 African was bound. Its victims are far more numerous, 
 and usually claim to be more intelligent ; but their 
 master is a cruel despot. Would you know the initials of 
 his name ? Listen while I whisper them softly : ALCOHOL 
 and TOBACCO. The effect of the poisonous nicotine on 
 the physical and mental powers of our young men, is the 
 cause of a fearful discount on the sum of our nation's 
 talent. But this is only one of the many causes at work, 
 that foretell certain ruin unless a remedy can be provided. 
 
OF OUR NATION. 31 
 
 Arguments seem superfluous when facts are so abun- 
 dantly demonstrated. The records of Harvard Univer- 
 sity are said to show that for fifty years not one student 
 that used tobacco has graduated at the head of his class, 
 although five used it to one who did not. Oh, that I had 
 the power to picture the possibilities within the reach of 
 the American people if slavery was really abolished, and 
 all their talents and their means were turned into useful 
 channels. But who would believe the story? I will not 
 take the time to dwell upon the magnitude of our coun- 
 try, the richness of its soil, nor its inexhaustible mineral 
 wealth; neither do I design on this occasion to talk 
 about monopolies, and many other threatening perils 
 that demand attention ; but I will give you the conclu- 
 sion of Josiah Strong, of New York, the national secretary 
 of the Evangelical Alliance. After a careful estimate of 
 our national resources, he says : 
 
 " It need not, therefore, make a very severe draft upon 
 credulity to say that our agricultural resources, if fully 
 developed, would sustain 
 
 We hardly see any limit to our possibilities, save in 
 the doubting mind and opposing will of man. But 
 while we let our minds expand into the broad field and 
 pleasing theme of our possibilities, we might easily forget 
 about our perils. If anything is to be done to save our 
 nation from its impending doom, we must be about the 
 work at once, or it may be too late. And yet many are 
 saying, " I see no danger." But in these very words 
 they express the greatest source of our danger, and 
 confess the verv 
 
32 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 in the fact that Americans do not see their danger. 
 Had Greece and Rome seen their danger, they need not 
 have fallen a prey to the rude barbarian. Our greatest 
 danger is not always amid the bursting shells and boom- 
 ing cannon on the open field of battle ; for then the very 
 excitement may be sufficient to arouse every human 
 element in self-defense. But the danger to be feared in 
 this nation is when the corruption of the social cancer is 
 silently eating out the very vitals of its unconscious vic- 
 tims, while the "siren song" of " peace and safety" is 
 lulling them into the "sleep that knows no waking." 
 Vain is the cry of "peace," until a few more stones are 
 laid in a foundation for peace. 
 
 But whatever be the hopes that flatter to deceive, of 
 this one thing be assured, that unless we do become more 
 fully awakened from the deceitful slumber that is bind- 
 ing us, the destiny of nations that have flourished and 
 fallen before us, will be our destiny. 
 
WHAT IS LIFE? 
 
 "For what is your life? It is even a vapor, that ap- 
 peareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away." 
 James 4 : 14. 
 
 Such is the inspired picture of human life, as it ap- 
 pears and disappears in this world of sunshine and 
 shadows, of hopes and disappointments. As you walk 
 upon the hill top, you see a vapor hanging over the val- 
 ley. After speaking a few words with a friend, you look 
 for the vapor, and it is gone. You turn to speak again with 
 your friend, and he has disappeared in a darker, deeper 
 valley, leaving you to walk alone for a little time, and 
 then you find yourself passing down into the shadow of 
 the same dark valley. You may recognize this as a pic- 
 ture of human life in general, or of the life of your friend 
 who so suddenly vanished from your sight; but what is 
 your life? Can it be so brief and uncertain? And as 
 you look over the record of your life, do you find it a 
 pleasing picture? Who has not indulged the vain w r ish 
 to tread the same path once more ; not simply to taste 
 again its joys, but rather to correct its sad mistakes. 
 As your spirit has been humbled, and your heart sad- 
 dened by your own life picture, have you not often in the 
 anguish of your soul inquired, "Is there no surer, purer, 
 higher, holier life to live?" " For what is your life? It 
 is even a vapor," so mysterious, so transitory, so un- 
 availing. 
 
 Let us abbreviate the question, and ask, 
 
 (34) 
 
WHAT IS LIFE? OO 
 
 WHAT IS LIFE? 
 
 How often the ancient hills and mountains have 
 mocked us by sending the empty echo back; and yet our 
 restless spirit still repeats the question, "What is life?'' 
 But who of our race has ever lived to solve the mystery? 
 Life is only known as a manifestation of force. Where no 
 force is, we discover no life. There are two things in the 
 universe, matter and force. But who can understand 
 either? We can talk about them, but who can fully 
 explain them? Force is manifested in many different 
 ways, and we give it various names according to the 
 different modes of action, as gravitation, heat, light, elec- 
 tricity, etc. Force is the cause of all the forms, proper- 
 ties, and motions of matter. The force that causes all 
 the voluntary motions of the body, we call the will. 
 When we throw a ball, it continues to move by the force 
 imparted by the will, even after the ball has left the 
 hand. Millions of larger balls are moving in the uni- 
 verse, with no visible hand accompanying them. Is not 
 their motion continued by the same will that started 
 them? As all the matter in the universe is controlled 
 by force, this universal force must be the infinite will of 
 an all-wise Being. Character is the result of the exercise 
 offeree. Right or wrong character is the result of right 
 or wrong action. But 
 
 WHAT IS SPIRIT? 
 
 Is it not something independent of either matter or 
 force? According to Jer. 10: 12, the earth was made by 
 the power of God: "He hath made the earth by his 
 power." From Gen. 1 : 2 we learn that this work was 
 done by his Spirit: "The Spirit of God moved upon the 
 face of the waters." The Lord promised to send the 
 
36 . PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 disciples "power from on high." Luke 24:49: "And, 
 behold, I send the promise of niy Father upon you; but 
 tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued 
 with power from on high." In fulfilment of this prom- 
 ise of power, he sent them his Holy Spirit. Acts 2: 4: 
 "And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and be- 
 gan to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them 
 utterance." Hence we conclude that the Spirit of God is 
 his power; and that the spirit, power, force, will, or life 
 of a Being of infinite wisdom controls all the matter in 
 the universe, by gravitation, heat, light, electricity, and 
 all the various ways in which his infinite force is mani- 
 fested. He must be the only source to which we can 
 look for the 
 
 ORIGIN OP LIFE. 
 
 This Being of infinite power must be the Author of all 
 the life in the universe, as we learn from John 5:26: 
 " For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given 
 to the Son to have life in himself." Here we learn of a 
 Being in whom life is inherent ; and the Son is one with 
 him in this, as also stated in John 1:4: "In him was 
 life; and the life was the light of men." Had the Author 
 of life no power to transmit life, there could be no other 
 life in the universe. But the Father and the Son have 
 power to bestow the 
 
 GIFT OF LIFE. 
 
 John 5:21: " For as the Father raiseth up the dead, 
 and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom 
 he will." So great was their desire that our race might 
 continue to enjoy the bliss of life (even after we had for- 
 feited it), that the Father gave his Son, and the Son gave 
 himself for that very purpose. John 3:16: " For God so 
 
WHAT IS LIFE? 87 
 
 loved the world, that he gave his only-begotten Son, that 
 whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have 
 everlasting life." Titus 2:14: "Who gave himself for 
 us, that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify 
 unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works." 
 
 THE MISSION OF THE LIFEGIVER 
 
 to this earth is declared in John 10:10: "I am come 
 that they might have life, and that they might have it 
 more abundantly." He came "that they might have 
 life." Had not his mission to this earth been planned 
 when man fell, we should never have had even this brief, 
 flickering life, that so soon passes as a vapor. The vio- 
 lated law demanded that the cradle of the human race 
 should be their grave. But he came, not only "that 
 they might have life," but "that they might have it 
 more abundantly." To give this more abundant life 
 seems to be the especial mission that brought him "down 
 from heaven." John 6: 33: " For the bread of God is he 
 which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto 
 the world." As our natural lives are sustained by the 
 bread (or food) that we eat. so we are to receive the more 
 abundant life from him. But it will be received only by 
 those who make 
 
 THE CHOICE OF LIFE. 
 
 Our present life was given without our choice; but not 
 so with the " more abundant," enduring life. Moses 
 says, in Deut. 30: 19, "I call heaven and earth to record 
 this day against you, that I have set before you life and 
 death, blessing and cursing; therefore choose life, that both 
 thou and thy seed may live." Although the better life is 
 so freely offered to all who will choose it, Jer. 8:3 fore- 
 
38 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 tells that " death shall be chosen rather than life by all 
 the residue of them that remain of this evil family." 
 The Saviour found this prediction true when he was on 
 the earth; for he says, in John 5 : 40, "And ye will not 
 come to me, that ye might have life." Not only is life 
 placed within our reach, but it is the will of the Author 
 of life that it shall be ours ; and he tells us 
 
 HOW IT MAY BE OBTAINED, 
 
 in John 6: 39 : "And this is the Father's will which hath 
 sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should 
 lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last 
 c!ay." The life that we are invited to choose has been 
 purchased at an infinite price; and yet it is offered to us 
 for a look of faith. John 6 : 40 : "And this is the will 
 of Him that sent me, that every one which seeth the 
 Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life; 
 and I will raise him up at the last day." It is " life for a 
 look." John 3 : 14, 15: "And as Moses lifted up the serpent 
 in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted 
 up; that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, 
 but have eternal life." 
 
 The Father is not only willing for us to have life, but 
 he draws us by his Spirit toward the Lifegiver. John 
 6:44: " No man can come to me, except the Father which 
 hath sent me draw him ; and I will raise him up at the 
 last day." Again, verse 54 says, "Whoso eateth my 
 flesh, and drinketh my blood, hath eternal life; and I will 
 raise him up at the last day." Now we have read four 
 times the assurance of eternal life at the last day, to those 
 who believe on Christ ; but here we have the present 
 tense, ''hath eternal life." And so we have in verse 47: 
 " He that believeth on me hath everlasting life." Also 
 
WHAT IS LIFE? 39 
 
 in John 3:36: "He that believeth on the Son hath 
 everlasting life ; and he that believeth not the Son shall 
 not see life ; bat the wrath of God abideth on him." In 
 what sense can this be true? 
 
 HOW CAX WE NOW HAVE ETERNAL LIFE? 
 
 Perhaps an illustration may help our minds to grasp 
 the idea. Suppose here is a street-car standing upon the 
 track. Every part of the machinery is perfect, and fitted 
 for running, but it has no power to move. Just above 
 the car there is a wire that is connected with an electric 
 battery far away beyond our sight. Let the eternal force 
 that is manifested as electricity in that wire represent 
 eternal life. Perhaps the illustration may be already 
 completed in your minds. You can see that the short 
 piece of wire that is used to connect the car with the 
 electric wire, represents faith. As soon as we make the 
 connection, it is not only a reaching up for power, but it 
 puts power into the machine so that the car moves 
 swiftly along the track, while it holds connection with 
 that eternal force ; and even after the connection is 
 broken, the car moves on by the limited force that it has 
 received, until its momentum is overcome. There may 
 be force enough in the car to cause it to move ten rods if 
 its progress is not hindered ; but the conductor may put 
 on the brake gently, so that it will move but nine rods; 
 or he may apply it with more power, so that the car 
 moves but five rods, or only one rod. When Adam was 
 created, he was connected with the source of life, and 
 could have access to the tree of life. While he continued 
 to hold that connection by faith, he could live ; but by 
 unbelief, resulting in disobedience, the connection was 
 broken; yet even then, the limited life or force within 
 
40 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 him would still carry him forward for about a thousand 
 years, if he would obey all the laws of life ; but it seems 
 probable that he put on the brake a little; for he livec 1 
 only nine hundred and thirty years; and then his mo- 
 mentum was exhausted. His limited life or force had 
 all run out. And that is just what the human family 
 have been doing ever since. They have been " putting 
 on the brake," till human life, like a vapor, " appeareth 
 but for a [very] little time, and then vanisheth away." 
 
 And yet, as the electricity continues in the wire above 
 the car after the connection is broken, so 
 
 " There is a life above, 
 Unmeasured by the flight of years," 
 
 with which we may again make connection by faith, and 
 thus "lay hold on eternal life." 1 Tim. 6:12. When 
 eternal life thus becomes ours, it can only be forfeited by 
 sin. According to Rom. 8:39, even death itself shall 
 not " be able to separate us from the love of God;" so 
 that eternal life will still be ours, to be seized again by 
 the faith of those who are awakened from a period of 
 sleep that will seem to them no longer than "a moment, 
 the twinkling of an eye." To all who receive immor- 
 tality at the last trump, whether by translation or by 
 resurrection, the change will seem equally sudden. 
 1 Cor. 15:51, 52: " Behold, I show you a mystery We 
 shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a 
 moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump; 
 for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised 
 incorruptible, and we shall be changed." To the con- 
 sciousness of those who are awakened from that sleep, 
 there will seem to be no break in life. 
 
 The life that we all inherit from Adam has been for- 
 feited ; and 
 
WHAT IS LIFE? 41 
 
 WHOSE LIFE WILL BE GIVEN US? 
 
 Paul says, in Col. 3 : 3, 4: "For ye are dead, and your life 
 is hid with Christ in God. When Christ, who is our life 
 shall appear, then shall ye also appear with him in glory." 
 Then the " more abundant life " is in safe keeping, " hid 
 with Christ in God." Again, in Gal. 2: 20, Paul says, " I 
 am crucified with Christ; nevertheless I live; yet not I, 
 but Christ liveth in me; and the life which I now live in 
 the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved 
 me, and gave himself for me." There is comfort, there is 
 hope, there is life in these words for those who will accept 
 them as they read: "Who loved me, and gave himself 
 for me." Only in Christ is there hope of life. 1 John 
 5 : 11, 12 : "And this is the record, that God hath given 
 to us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. He that 
 hath the Son hath life ; and he that hath not the Son of 
 God hath not life." 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 
 
 ( Theoretical, 
 
 i 
 
 /Origin. < Inspired, 
 (Scientific 
 
 > Testimony. 
 
 
 /'Mineral, ^ 
 
 
 1 Vegetable, 
 Relations. 
 I Animal, 
 
 ^ Kingdoms. 
 
 
 ^Spiritual 
 
 
 r Attitude, 
 
 
 Endowments. } Form 
 
 
 
 Mechanism. 
 
 
 Man. / 
 j 
 
 / Fibrous, 
 
 
 
 
 Adipose, 
 
 
 
 Anatomical J 
 Elements. } 
 
 Osseous, 
 Cartilaginous, 
 
 > Tissues. 
 
 
 
 Xervous, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1 
 
 i Muscular 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 /Bony, , 
 
 - Motive. 
 
 
 
 Muscular. ' 
 
 
 \ Organic 
 
 Xervous, ) 
 Sensor\ T . I 
 
 - Intellectual 
 
 . 
 
 Systems. * 
 
 , 
 Circulatory, \ 
 
 
 
 Respirator} 7 , ' 
 Digestive, 
 \Excretorv. 
 
 >. Reparative. 
 
 ANALYSIS A. 
 
 (43) 
 
44 PERILS AND "POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 It has been said that "the proper study of mankind is 
 man." If this ha true, the most important branch of his 
 education is generally the most neglected, and whether 
 true or not, it is a study of which he has ever present and 
 constant opportunities. 
 
 Human theories of the 
 
 ORIGIN OF MAN, 
 
 such as the Darwinian theory, are not worthy of our time 
 and attention, as none of them account for the origin of 
 life. No other explanation is worthy to be compared 
 with the inspired testimony in Gen. 2:7: "And the Lord 
 God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed 
 into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a 
 living soul." 
 
 This record is in harmony with the highest develop- 
 ments of science, although it goes beyond them. Man is 
 a material being, formed originally of the dust. The 
 word "dust" may here refer to matter in its finest condi- 
 tion, even to the ultimate atoms of which all the matter 
 in the universe is composed. These atoms may be all 
 exactly alike, different kinds of matter (even those kinds 
 that are considered elementary) differing only on account 
 of the arrangement of the atoms and the manner in 
 which they are held together and otherwise controlled by 
 force. According to the Bible record, the One who, by His 
 unlimited force, controls all the matter in the universe, 
 and molds and fashions according to His will, took some 
 of these atoms and arranged them in such harmony with 
 the highest Pattern in the universe that man is said, in 
 Gen. 1 : 27, to be made "in the image of God." There are 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 45 
 
 TWO PRIMARY ELEMENTS IN THE UNIVERSE, 
 MATTER AND FORCE. 
 
 If there is anything else, what is it? Force is the cause 
 of all the forms, properties, and motions of matter. Can 
 matter have any other modifications? Every form in 
 which matter was ever arranged, it must have been so 
 arranged by force. Every property that matter ever pos- 
 sesses must depend upon how the atoms are arranged 
 and controlled by force. All the matter in the universe 
 is controlled by force. Force appears in an almost infinite 
 variety of ways, in connection with matter, but we know 
 of no possibility of its being revealed separate from mat- 
 ter. Neither can form, property, nor motion exist without 
 matter. It would be equally impossible to explain how 
 character could exist independent of matter; therefore 
 science has pronounced 
 
 In all the infinite variety of ways in which matter is 
 arranged, we find life only in connection with organized 
 matter. The manifestation of life seems to commence 
 with the lowest form of organization, and to increase with 
 its advancement, the most perfect manifestation of life 
 being connected with the highest development of organi- 
 zation. Hence the conclusion that 
 
 "ORGANIZATION is THE BASIS OF LIFE." 
 
 ''And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the 
 ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; 
 and man became a living soul." Gen. 2:7. 
 
 What a world of meaning is comprehended in these 
 few words! It involves the work of arranging the atoms 
 
 
46 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 of lifeless matter into thousands, yes, millions of organs, 
 each designed and fitted for a special, important use, giv- 
 ing a degree of life to each, and combining them into one 
 harmonious, though marvelously complicated, organiza- 
 tion, in which is developed intelligence superior to that 
 of all other creatures on the earth. 
 As we consider man's 
 
 RELATIONS, 
 
 in the light of the facts already presented, it is evident 
 that he is connected with each of the four kingdoms, 
 mineral, vegetable, animal, and spiritual. As a material 
 being he possesses all the essential properties of the 
 mineral. The laws of his organization and growth are 
 many of them very similar to those of the vegetable. It 
 is from the vegetable, either directly or indirectly, that he 
 obtains the building material for his body. His vege- 
 table relatives are constantly doing him valuable service 
 by collecting the mineral elements, organizing them, and 
 lifting them into the lowest form of life; but they can 
 never lift themselves into a higher kingdom. When the 
 work of vegetable organization is completed, it has reached 
 the limit of its capacity, and can only wait passively in 
 the hand of a superior Being to be lifted into a higher 
 life. The vegetable seems to be the proper connecting 
 link between the animal and the mineral, as the vege- 
 table feeds upon the mineral, and the animal seems natu- 
 rally designed to feed upon the vegetable; but man often 
 presses his more humble brethren of the animal kingdom 
 into service in the place of the vegetable. Is it any 
 wonder that these humble brethren sometimes follow the 
 example, and that the spirit of violence prevails in what 
 should be a kingdom of peace? As man, standing at the 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 47 
 
 head of the animal kingdom, looks down the scale of life, 
 th rough all its divisions and subdivisions, he seems to 
 claim the right to rule over and trample down all other 
 varieties of his fellow-creatures; but he often inflicts the 
 greatest injuries upon his own species, and, in many cases, 
 the most unceasing and lifelong abuse upon himself. He 
 seems naturally to regard himself as the highest order of 
 being in the universe, responsible only to himself for his 
 actions, and worthy of the respect and service of all other 
 creatures. But when he lifts his eyes to the heavens, how 
 his spirit sinks into the valley of humility, as the thought 
 flashes through his mind that some of those numberless 
 shining worlds above may be inhabited by beings of 
 intelligence and power as far superior to him as he is 
 above the most humble creature on the earth ; and the 
 thought that, although by creation and original organiza- 
 tion he also belongs in the spiritual kingdom, yet he has 
 so fallen from his first estate as to be as completely incapa- 
 ble of lifting himself fully into that kingdom again as the 
 vegetable is of lifting itself into the animal kingdom, and 
 can only be lifted there by some being of a higher order, 
 who is a full citizen of that kingdom, having never fallen ! 
 David seems almost overwhelmed with a sense of man's 
 insignificance, as he gazes into the upper deep. In Ps. 
 8:3-5 he says: "When I consider thy heavens, the work 
 of thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which thou hast 
 ordained; what is man, that thou art mindful of him? 
 and the son of man, that thou visitest him ? For thou 
 hast made him a little lower than the angels, and hast 
 crowned him with glory and honor. Thou madest him 
 to have dominion over the works of thy hands; thou hast 
 put all things under his feet; all sheep and oxen, yea, and 
 the beasts of the field ; the fowl of the air, and the fish of 
 
48 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 the sea, and whatsoever passeth through the paths of the 
 seas." Here we find man's relationship declared in few 
 words, placing him at the head of the Creator's works on 
 this earth, but "a little lower than the angels." Of the 
 glory and honor with which man was crowned before the 
 fall, we are not very well prepared to speak; but to some 
 of Adam's race this glory will be revealed in the future. 
 The "glory and honor" in which man once stood at the 
 head of the animal kingdom, can still be faintly traced in 
 his superior 
 
 ENDOWMENTS. 
 
 The natural attitude of man is more noble than that of 
 any other creature on the earth. To be convinced of this 
 fact, one need only to imagine, for a moment, a man 
 assuming the attitude of any other animal. Nor could 
 less be said of the symmetry of the human form. David's 
 heart was filled with praise to his Creator, while reflecting 
 upon the wonderful mechanism of the human body. In 
 Ps. 139:14 he says, "I will praise thee ; for I am fearfully 
 and wonderfully made; marvelous are thy works; and 
 that my soul knoweth right well." 
 
 When we carefully reflect upon the skill with which 
 the hand, the eye, the ear, the brain, and the vocal organs 
 can be taught to do their work, we can begin to appre- 
 ciate the thought with which the psalm is inspired. Per- 
 haps the most sublime and solemn thought concerning 
 this wonderful piece of mechanism, is that it is designed 
 to be the temple of the divine Architect, as we learn from 
 1 Cor 3:16: "Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, 
 and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you? " 
 
 Matter in its lowest form of animal organization, 
 appears as a sort of jelly-like substance, called protoplasm, 
 
49 
 
 in which there is a faint manifestation of life; and the 
 biography of some species of the animal kingdom goes 
 but little beyond this, as the amoeba, the jelly-fish, etc. 
 In all the classes of a higher order, this protoplasm is 
 formed into cells, and the cells are arranged in various 
 ways, so as to form the several kinds of building mate- 
 rial, or 
 
 ANATOMICAL ELEMENTS 
 
 of which the body is composed, namely, the fibrous tissue 
 (white and yellow), the adipose (or fatty) tissue, the osseous 
 (or bony) tissue, the cartilaginous tissue, the nervous tissue, 
 and the muscular tissue. Of these different kinds of 
 building material, are formed the 
 
 ORGANIC SYSTEMS 
 
 that compose the body, the bony, muscular, nervous, 
 sensory, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, etc. 
 Each one of these systems, or sets of organs, when in its 
 normal condition, is so wonderfully constructed, and so 
 marvelously adapted to the kind of work for which it is 
 designed, that their many voices seem to blend in perfect 
 harmony in David's song of praise: 
 
 "I will praise thee; 
 For I am fearfully and wonderfully made." 
 
 Ps. 139:14. 
 
 "Bless the Lord, my soul; 
 And all that is within me, 
 Bless his holy name." 
 
 Ps. 103:1. 
 
 An understanding of the 
 
 IMPORTANCE OF THE ORGANIC SYSTEMS 
 
 will reveal the necessity of preserving them in their best 
 
50 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES 
 
 condition, in order to avoid the perils and secure the 
 possibilities of human life. The principal purposes of the 
 bony system are support, protection, and motion. If not 
 supported by the bones, we should sink into a heap of 
 soft tissue. Without their protection, any slight pressure 
 upon the brain might cause unconsciousness, insanity, or 
 death. Without their help in locomotion, we should 
 hardly be able, in a race, to compete w r ith a snail, or even 
 with a jelly-fish. Without the muscular system, we could 
 only be posted up to scare away the crows. But what 
 would men be without the sensory and nervous systems? 
 Ideas come from without, through the sensory organs. 
 These impressions are conducted by the nerves to the 
 nerve centers, where they are recorded by the brain cells. 
 We reason concerning the ideas that are thus recorded, 
 we compare them, we judge them, by the action of the 
 brain. We could have no idea of color if we had no 
 organ of sight. One who was born blind was asked the 
 question, "What is your idea of blue?" The blind per- 
 son replied, "I think it is like the sound of a bell." With- 
 out the organ of hearing, we could have no idea of sound, 
 nor could we have any idea of taste, smell, nor feeling, 
 except through their respective organs. 
 
 Destroy all the organs of sense, and no ideas could be 
 introduced into the mind. Destroy the brain, and there 
 could be no brain action concerning any idea or impres- 
 sion, nor any means of recording any impression. How 
 could mind exist under such circumstances? Without 
 the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and excretory sys- 
 tems, to carry away the constantly breaking-down cells 
 and other waste matter, and to supply new material to all 
 parts of these ever-changing bodies, all of their organs 
 \vould soon be destroyed, and man would soon be turned 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 51 
 
 to corruption; and of this human form there would soon 
 be left "nor track, nor trace." Or, as Bryant says: 
 
 "Yet a few days, and thee 
 The all-beholding sun shall see no more 
 In all his course; nor yet in the cold ground, 
 Where thy pale form was laid with many tears, 
 Nor in the embrace of ocean, shall exist 
 Thy image. Earth, that nourished thee, shall claim 
 Thy growth, to be resolved to earth again; 
 And, lost each human trace, surrendering up 
 Thine individual being, shalt thou go 
 To mix forever with the elements, 
 To be a brother to the insensible rock." 
 
 The question, 
 
 "WHAT is MAN?" 
 
 is an ancient, mysterious, and unsolved problem. In 
 connection with the thought that the Majesty of the uni- 
 verse should "be mindful of him," and even "condescend 
 to visit him," it may be a marvelous enigma to all the 
 unfallen worlds. This must be so if they know how 
 inconsistent with his most vital interests man's actions 
 are. 
 
 With our present facilities, our knowledge of the sub- 
 ject must be ever limited in this life ; and yet we may 
 receive some rays of light, if we keep before our minds 
 the design of the Divine Architect in the formation of this 
 temple. Man is more than a building; he is a manufac- 
 tory, well supplied with skilfully prepared and very 
 complicated machinery. But he is far more than this; 
 every part of the building is capable of wonderful and 
 important movements; and this power is possessed by the 
 
52 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 machinery itself. This, like all other machinery, is con- 
 stantly wearing away and requiring continual repairs ; 
 yet, unlike any other, it has the power to repair itself, and 
 also to collect the material for its ojvn repairs. All this 
 is necessary to perpetuate the existence of the machinery 
 that is so "fearfully and wonderfully made." Above and 
 beyond this lie the grand objects of its existence. 
 
 The most external view of man reveals the fact that 
 the Creator designed him to be 
 
 A TRAVELER AND A LABORER. 
 
 These seem to be the special practical purposes of the 
 BONY and MUSCULAR SYSTEMS. The combined movements 
 of these two systems accomplish a large part of the work 
 of supplying the physical, mental, and moral require- 
 ments of man. These demands are very numerous, 
 including nourishment for repairing the constant wear of 
 the organs of the body, the carrying away of the waste 
 material, obtaining knowledge and intellectual enjoyment 
 and improvement by travel and investigation, and, most 
 of all, the development, exercise, and perfecting of moral 
 character. What a wonderful instrument is the hand! 
 What surprising results are accomplished by its nimble 
 combination of bones and muscles, in the use of the pen, 
 the pencil, the brush, the needle, and in the many thou- 
 sand ways in which it can be useful! And what evil 
 results are produced by its use in handling instruments 
 of war and crime, and in the manufacture of misery ! 
 What a heaven of happiness follows its right action! 
 What a world of woe, what a hell of horror, follows its 
 wrong action! Perhaps scarcely less might be said of the 
 muscular action of the vocal organs. And how constantly 
 life depends upon the muscular action of the stomach 
 and the heart ! 
 
HUM AX LIFE. 
 
 53 
 
 The bony system is made up of the bones, the cartilages, 
 the ligaments, and the membranes. The bones are com- 
 posed partly of animal and partly of mineral substance, 
 the proportions varying according to the condition and 
 demands of the individual. In childhood, when inex- 
 perience and imperfect judgment expose to frequent falls 
 and other accidents, and but little labor is demanded, the 
 animal portion largely prevails. In the prime of life, 
 when the most active labor is demanded, and the heaviest 
 burdens are borne, a union of two-thirds mineral with 
 one-third animal secures the greatest strength and firm- 
 ness. In old age, with mature judgment, and less occa- 
 sion for activity and exposure, the proportion of mineral 
 is largely increased, and the bones become more hard and 
 brittle. Yet, if the life habits were always right, with 
 continued exercise, the better proportion would be much 
 longer maintained. 
 
 The principal necessities for the health of the bones are 
 food, exercise, and rest. The bones can not be preserved 
 in perfect health without constant change of material; 
 and the new supply must be furnished in the form of 
 food ; and this must contain the proper organic elements. 
 
 The bones serve for support, protection, and motion. 
 Their number in the human body is about two hundred 
 and six. 
 
 The cartilages serve the purpose of springs, or cushions. 
 Their elasticity prevents the jarring that* w T ould otherwise 
 be injurious to the brain and other delicate portions of 
 the body. By the ligaments the bones are firmly bound 
 together at the joints, and the membranes furnish the 
 means of connecting the bones with the muscles. 
 
 The MUSCULAR SYSTEM contains five hundred muscles. 
 These all act bv contraction. Their action is controlled 
 
54 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 by the nerves. Without exercise the muscles soon perish. 
 Bind up one arm in a sling, and it will soon be useless. 
 Deprive the entire man of exercise, and the same result 
 will soon follow. All right exercise is a source of happi- 
 ness. Overwork, with a desire to grasp too much, or 
 inactivity, because life and the power of action are not 
 appreciated, both tend to weakness, and to shorten life 
 and diminish its enjoyments. When any of the muscles 
 of the body have become weak by lack of exercise, great 
 perseverance is required to accustom them to the proper 
 amount; and great caution is also necessary that the 
 exercise be increased gradually with the increase of 
 strength. Both extremes in exercise should be avoided, 
 to secure freedom from rheumatism and similar afflic- 
 tions. 
 
 The design of the Creator, in which these two systems 
 fill so important a part, is also. revealed in man's Guide- 
 book. He may read his commission to travel in Gen. 1 : 28, 
 "Replenish the earth, and subdue it;" Gen. 9:1, * 'Re- 
 plenish the earth;" Gen. 11:8, "So the Lord scattered 
 them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth ;" 
 Mark 16 : 15, "Go ye into all the world, and preach the 
 gospel to every creature;" Acts 1:8, "Ye shall be wit- 
 nesses unto me . . . unto the uttermost part of the 
 earth." In forming man, the Creator designed that he 
 should labor. Gen. 2:5-7: "And there was not a man to 
 till the ground. . . . And the Lord God formed man." 
 Physical exercise was assigned to man before the fall. 
 Gen. 2:15: "And the Lord God took the man, and put him 
 into the Garden of Ederi to dress it and to keep it." 
 Work was not only given to the first man, but Mark 13: 34 
 says, "To every man his work." The right kind of labor 
 favors life. Prov. 10 : 16 : "The labor of the righteous 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 55 
 
 tendeth to life." It is only after the practice of physical 
 exercise that the sweetest sleep can be enjoyed. Eccl. 
 5:12: "The sleep of a laboring man is sweet." The 
 plan is so arranged that man's life can not be sustained 
 with justice to others, without labor. 2 Thess. 3:10: "If 
 any would not work, neither should he eat." In carry- 
 ing out the plan we follow the example of the Creator. 
 John 5:17: "My Father worketh hitherto, and I work." 
 Both the Father and the Son find pleasure and satisfac- 
 tion in their work. Rev. 4: 11: "Thou art worthy, O Lord, 
 to receive glory and honor and power; for thou hast 
 created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and were 
 created." John 4:34: "Jesus saith unto them, My meat 
 is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his 
 work." 
 
 The final reward is to be according to our work in this 
 life. Rev. 22:12: "And my reward is with me, to give 
 every man according as his work shall be." Work is not 
 only to be a source of enjoyment in this life, but also in 
 the new earth. Isa. 65:21,22: "And they shall build 
 houses, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vine- 
 yards, and eat the fruit of them. . . . And mine 
 elect- shall long enjoy the work of their hands." 
 
 Those who appreciate the real enjoyment to be found 
 in honest labor will take pleasure in reading once more 
 the following lines, written by Osgood: 
 
 LABOR. 
 
 Pause not to dream of the future before us; 
 Pause not to weep the wild cares that come o'er us; 
 Hark! how creation's deep musical chorus, 
 Unintermitting, goes up into heaven. 
 Never the ocean wave falters in flowing; 
 
56 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Never the little seed stops in its growing; 
 
 More and more richly the rose heart keeps glowing, 
 
 Till from its nourishing stem it is riven. 
 
 Labor is worship, the robin is singing ; 
 Labor is worship, the wild bee is ringing; 
 Listen, that eloquent whisper upspringing, 
 Speaks to thy soul, from out nature's great heart. 
 From the dark cloud flows the life-giving shower; 
 From the rough sod blooms the soft-breathing flower; 
 From the small insect, the rich coral bower ; 
 Only man, in the plan, ever shrinks from his part 
 
 Labor is life. 'Tis the still water faileth ; 
 
 Idleness ever despaireth, bewaileth. 
 
 Keep the watch wound, or the dark rust assaileth; 
 
 Flowers droop and die in the stillness of noon. 
 
 Labor is glory. The flying cloud lightens ; 
 
 Only the waving wing changes and brightens ; 
 
 Idle hearts only the dark future frightens; 
 
 Play the sweet keys, wouldst thou keep them in tune. 
 
 Labor is rest from the sorrows that greet us, 
 Rest from all petty vexations that meet us, 
 Rest from sin promptings that ever entreat us, 
 Rest from world sirens that lure us to ill. 
 Work, and pure slumber shall wait on thy pillow; 
 Work, thou shalt ride over care's coming billow; 
 Lie not down wearied neath woe's weeping willow ; 
 Work with a stout heart and resolute will. 
 
 Labor is health. Lo, the husbandman reaping, 
 How through his veins goes the life current leaping! 
 How his strong arm, in its stalwart pride sweeping, 
 
58 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 True as a sunbeam the swift sickle guides! 
 Labor is wealth in the sea the pearl groweth ; 
 Rich the queen's robe from the frail cocoon floweth; 
 From the fine acorn the strong forest bloweth; 
 Temple and statute the marble block hides. 
 
 Droop not, tho' shame, sin, and anguish are round thee: 
 
 Bravely fling off the cold chain that hath bound thee. 
 
 Look to the pure heaven smiling beyond thee. 
 
 Rest not content in thy darkness, a clod ; 
 
 Work for some good, be it ever so slowly; 
 
 Cherish some flower, be it ever so lowly. 
 
 Labor; all labor is noble and holy. 
 
 Let thy great deed be thy prayer to thy God. 
 
 Francis Osgood. 
 
 We have spoken of the bony and muscular systems as 
 man's direct means of travel and labor; but they are 
 only the means, and not the cause. The bones are moved 
 by means of the contraction of the muscles; but as we 
 seek farther for 
 
 THE CAUSE OF MOTION, 
 
 we find that the muscles are caused to contract by means 
 of the nerves; but the nerves are only the media through 
 which impulses are sent from the nerve centers ; and as 
 the nerve centers are material, they can not be considered 
 the cause of motion; for motion can only be caused by 
 force. 
 
 We suggest the thought that will and force are iden- 
 tical, and the cause of all motion. From this thought of 
 the primary cause, we now proceed to consider the pri- 
 mary organic means of all human action, perception, and 
 consciousness. This will include 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 59 
 
 THE NERVOUS AND SENSORY SYSTEMS. 
 
 By this wonderful and complicated arrangement, man 
 controls all the parts of the body. From the nerve cen- 
 ters, located in the brain and spinal column, electric 
 impulses of the will are sent flashing along the telegraphic 
 nerves to all the organs of the body, controlling the organs 
 of speech, circulation, respiration, labor, travel, diges- 
 tion, etc. 
 
 Through the organs of sense, sometimes called "the 
 windows of the soul," impressions from without are con- 
 ducted along the nerves in electric flashes, to the nerve 
 centers, and thus we become conscious of external things 
 as well as bodily conditions. To speak with the greatest 
 strictness, it might be said that we have just one sense, 
 that of feeling ; but as we have such a variety of feelings 
 received through different organs, it has been found con- 
 venient to speak of the five or more senses. When we 
 feel impressions through the delicate organ of the eye, we 
 call it sight. When we feel impressions through the ear 
 we call it hearing, etc. 
 
 The machinery of the nervous and sensory arrange- 
 ment is delicate and wonderful beyond description, and 
 yet is abused by man as he would not think of abusing 
 machinery of his own invention and workmanship. The 
 nerves and sensory organs, on which all the activities and 
 perceptions of life depend, and the nerve centers, on 
 which all consciousness and thought depend, become 
 dimmed, dulled, benumbed, paralyzed, by the poisons of 
 tobacco, alcohol, opium, etc. Great injury and frequent 
 ruin result from the habitual wrong use of these organs. 
 Would w r e so abuse them if we realized their value, and 
 remembered that the all-wise Architect, who formed this 
 
60 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 temple, witnesseth our destructiveness? David asks, in 
 Ps. 94: 9, "He that planted the ear, shall he not hear? he 
 that formed the eye, shall he not see?" 
 
 To present before a man, first, a picture of what he is, 
 and, second, a picture of what he might have been, had 
 he taken advantage of all his possibilities, might over- 
 whelm him with discouragement; but could he see, first, 
 a picture of his probable future self, if he continues his 
 past course, and, second, a picture of what he may be if 
 he takes advantage of his future possibilities, it might 
 stimulate to action in the right direction. It is not proba- 
 ble that man has ever yet reached the limit of possibility 
 in the improvement of his faculties; and yet we stand 
 amazed; as we see to what heights some have mounted 
 above those who have had equal talent and superior 
 advantages. 
 
 Many have very limited ideas of the possibilities within 
 our reach, of the education and development of all the 
 faculties of the sensory and nervous systems. The Author 
 of life will hold us accountable, not only for the abuse of 
 these organs, but also for neglecting to improve the 
 talents that he has intrusted to us. The fact that all our 
 conditions, actions, and emotions are known to him, is 
 revealed in Heb. 4 : 12, 13 "For the word of God is quick, 
 and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, 
 piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, 
 and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the 
 thoughts and intents of the heart. Neither is there any 
 creature that is not manifest in his sight; but all things 
 are naked and open unto the eyes of Him with whom we 
 have to do." Here the thinking part is called the heart, 
 as it is also in Isa. 10:7: "Neither doth his heart think 
 so." Also in Matt. 15 : 19: "For out of the heart proceed 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 61 
 
 evil thoughts," etc. The fact that this thinking machine 
 ontrols the entire man is declared in Prov. 23:7: "For 
 as he thinketh in his heart, so is he." 
 
 "A SOUND MIND IX A SOUND BODY" 
 
 must be the aim of every one who would make the most 
 of life. The wise man had learned that one was essen- 
 tial to the other. Prov. 14 : 30: "A sound heart is the life 
 of the flesh ; but envy the rottenness of the bones." It 
 is the will of God that we should have a "sound mind." 
 2 Tim. 1:7. To this end he has told us how to order 
 our thoughts before him. Ps. 19:14: "Let the words of 
 my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable 
 in thy sight, O Lord, my Strength, and my Redeemer." 
 David gives us an infallible rule by which the soundness 
 of the mind is to be tested, in Ps. 119: 80: "Let my heart 
 be sound in thy statutes; that I be not ashamed." There 
 was one mind in perfect harmony with this rule. Ps. 40 : 8: 
 "I delight to do thy will, O my God ; yea, thy law is 
 within my heart." This is the mind that is given as our 
 pattern. Phil. 2:5 : "Let this mind be in you, which was 
 also in Christ Jesus." As a sound body is essential to a 
 sound mind, so it is only by having a sound mind that 
 man can hope to gain 
 
 WISDOM. 
 
 And Solomon says, in Prov. 4:7: "Wisdom is the 
 principal thing; therefore get wisdom; and with all thy 
 getting get understanding." Ps. Ill: 10 tells how to get 
 understanding: "A good understanding have all they 
 that do His commandments." He attributes to wisdom 
 a tenfold advantage over physical force. Eccl. 7:19: 
 "Wisdom strengthened the wise more than ten mighty 
 men which are in the city." Paul tells us the true means 
 
62 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 of gaining wisdom, in 2 Tim. 3:15: "And that from a 
 child thou hast known the Holy Scriptures, which are 
 able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith 
 which is in Christ Jesus." 
 
 BRAIN WORKERS LONG LIVED. 
 
 Brain work and obedience favor long life. Prov. 3:1,2: 
 "My son, forget not my law; but let thine heart keep my 
 commandments; for length of days, and long life, and 
 peace, shall they add to thee." Wisdom is a fountain of 
 life. Prov. 16:22: "Understanding is a wellspring of 
 life unto him that hath it." When well appreciated, it 
 tends to preserve life. Prov. 2:10,11: "When wisdom 
 entereth into thine heart, and knowledge is pleasant unto 
 thy soul; discretion shall preserve thee, understanding 
 shall keep thee." Wisdom has an infinite advantage over 
 wealth. Eccl. 7:12: "For wisdom is a defense, and 
 money is a defense; but the excellency of knowledge is, 
 that wisdom giveth life to them that have it." Its value is 
 placed above all other riches. Prov. 3:15: "She is more 
 precious than rubies; and all the things thou canst 
 desire are not to be compared unto her." The next verse 
 tells what blessings she brings: "Length of days is in 
 her right hand ; and in her left hand riches and honor." 
 
 THE INTELLECTUAL DOMINION 
 
 sometimes becomes the seat of anarchy, when Rom. 13: 1 
 ("Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers") is disre- 
 garded. The brain cells are arranged in groups, called 
 ganglions, each group having a special work to do. The 
 frontal lobes and other groups that occupy the highest posi- 
 tion in the cranium, seem to fill the highest offices in the 
 intellectual domain. Here we find the throne of intelli- 
 gence ; and when the scepter is here swayed by the right 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 63 
 
 influence, and the machinery in this department of the 
 temple acts according to the plan of the Architect, then 
 all the actions of the body will be rightly controlled; and 
 the result will be peace and harmony. But when some 
 of the lower groups of cells are allowed to predominate, 
 the inevitable result will be w T ar between the higher and 
 lower provinces of the brain. The higher nerve centers 
 of the brain, that should hold the reins of government 
 in the body, are sometimes brought under the control of 
 the lower ones. Such a condition in human life as Paul 
 describes in Rom. 7:19-23, many will recognize as a part 
 of their o\vn experience: 
 
 "For the good that I would, I do not; but "the evil 
 which I would not, that I do. Now if I do that I would 
 not, it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in 
 me. I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil 
 is present with me. For I delight in the law of God after 
 the inward man; but I see another law in my members, 
 warring against the law of my mind, and 
 
 BRINGING ME INTO CAPTIVITY 
 
 to the law of sin which is in my members." The condi- 
 tion of mind that must be experienced under such cir- 
 cumstances is described in the next verse : "O wretched 
 man that I am! who shall deliver me from the body of 
 this death ?'* The service that will be rendered by one in 
 such a state of mind, is stated in verse 25: "So then with 
 the mind I myself serve the law of God; but with the 
 flesh the law of sin." Such service the Lord refuses to 
 accept. Jer. 6:19, 20: "Hear, O earth; behold, I will 
 bring evil upon this people, even the fruit of their 
 thoughts, because they have not hearkened unto my 
 words, nor to my law, but rejected it. To what purpose 
 
64 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 cometh there to me incense from Sheba, and the sweet 
 cane from a far country? your burnt-offerings are not 
 acceptable, nor your sacrifices sweet unto me." Prov. 
 28:9: "He that turn eth away his ear from hearing the 
 law, even his prayer shall be abomination." The result 
 of such service will be only death. Rom. 8:6, 7: "For to 
 be carnally minded is death; but to be spiritually minded 
 is life and peace. Because the carnal mind is enmity 
 against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, 
 neither indeed can be." In this warfare, the only way 
 that victory can be gained in favor of the higher powers, 
 is presented in 1 Cor. 15:57: "But thanks be to God, 
 which giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus 
 Christ." Then is the 
 
 CAPTIVITY REVERSED. 
 
 And when the victory is thus gained, the higher nerve 
 centers will assume their proper control, and the lower 
 ones will be brought under their dominion. 2 Cor. 
 10:4, 5: "For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, 
 but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong- 
 holds; casting down imaginations, and every high thing 
 that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and 
 bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience 
 of Christ." This will give the only true freedom that it 
 is possible for man to enjoy. Rom. 8:1,2: "There is 
 therefore now no condemnation to them which are in 
 Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the 
 Spirit. For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus 
 hath made me free from the law of sin and death." In 
 this blissful state the mind may then be kept through 
 the power of Him who hath given us the victory. Isa, 
 26 3 ? 4; "Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 65 
 
 mind is stayed on thee; because he trusteth in thee. 
 Trust ye in the Lord forever; for in the Lord Jehovah is 
 everlasting strength." In. order to bring about this 
 reformation, wrong habits of thought as well as action 
 must be forsaken. Isa. 55:7: "Let the wicked forsake his 
 way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts; and let him 
 return unto the Lord, and he will heve mercy upon him; 
 and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon." The 
 next verse tells why our thoughts must be forsaken: "For 
 my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your 
 ways my ways, saith the Lord." Our thoughts and ways 
 will be infinitely elevated as soon as we accept those of 
 God. Isa. 55 : 9 : "For as the heavens are higher than the 
 earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my 
 thoughts than your thoughts." This will require a corre- 
 sponding change of heart (or mind). Rom. 12:2: "And 
 be not conformed to this world; but be ye transformed by 
 the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is 
 that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God." 
 
 The Creator is not only willing that we should have a 
 sound mind, but his law furnishes such food for the mind 
 as will give it health. Ps. 119:97-100: "0 how love I thy 
 law! it is my meditation all the day. Thou through thy 
 commandments hast made me wiser than mine enemies; 
 for they are ever with me. I have more understanding 
 than all my teachers; for thy testimonies are my medita- 
 tion. I understand more than the ancients, because I keep 
 thy precepts." This presents the law of God as the key of 
 knowledge. But those who should be teaching the law, 
 sometimes take the key of knowledge away from the peo- 
 ple. Luke 11:52: "AVoe unto you, lawyers! for ye have 
 taken away the key of knowledge; ye entered not in your- 
 selves, and them that were entering in ye hindered." This 
 5 
 
66 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 key that was taken away can be found only in Christ. 
 Col. 2:3 : "In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom 
 and knowledge." Ps. 40:8: "I delight to do thy will, 
 my God; yea, thy law is within my heart." Ignorance, 
 especially of the law, tends to shorten life. Hosea 4:6: 
 "My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge; because 
 thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that 
 thou shalt be no priest to me; seeing thou hast forgotten 
 the law of thy God, I will also forget thy children." 
 
 Winning souls will be the life-work of those who are 
 truly wise. Prov. 11:30: "The fruit of the righteous is 
 a tree of life ; and he that winneth souls is wise." Dan. 
 12:3 tells what will be their future glory: "And they that 
 be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; 
 and they that turn many to righteousness, as the stars 
 forever and ever." 'Then let Ps. 90 : 12 be our daily prayer : 
 "So teach us to number our days, that we may apply our 
 hearts unto wisdom." The conclusion from all these 
 evidences is found in Prov. 4:7: "Wisdom is the principal 
 thing; therefore get wisdom; and with all thy getting 
 get understanding." 
 
 THE REPARATIVE SYSTEMS. 
 
 The human body is composed of a vast number of 
 organs; and these are made up of a countless number of 
 cells that are breaking down every moment. This requires 
 some arrangement for the constant rebuilding of all the 
 tissues of the body, and the instant removal of the broken- 
 down cells. Without such rebuilding, all the tissues of 
 the body would soon be dissolved, and the prediction, 
 "Dust thou art and unto dust shalt thou return," would 
 be verified without delay. And with such rebuilding, 
 but without removal of the waste matter, the system 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 67 
 
 would soon be so clogged that the action of all its 
 machinery would be stopped, and life would be extinct. 
 
 For the purpose of carrying on this work of repairing, 
 by removing the waste material, and supplying new 
 material for the constant rebuilding of the tissues, four 
 organic systems have been provided, the circulatory, 
 respiratory, digestive, and excretory. 
 
 In the 
 
 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 
 
 the great central organ is the heart, which is not simply 
 a lump of flesh, or a syringe bulb, but a force pump; yes, 
 much more than that; it is a powerful engine, wrought 
 by infinite wisdom. Its wonderful machinery of cords, 
 belts, bands, pipes, cylinders, valves, and regulators, is 
 adjusted with the most mathematical precision. The 
 work accomplished daily, by its strong muscular machin- 
 ery, as far exceeds, in many cases, the work of all the 
 other muscles of the body, as the work of a steam engine 
 exceeds that of the engineer. By its force and constant 
 action, this wonderful engine "sends the life current leap- 
 ing" along the ever-winding and constantly-dividing 
 channels of the river of life, bearing the precious build- 
 ing material through the smallest branches and rivulets 
 to every part of the dominion, for the repairing and 
 rebuilding of all the tissues of the body. 
 
 This life stream is about half fluid, and about half is 
 composed of red and white blood corpuscles. The white 
 ones are spherical, less numerous, and larger than the 
 red, yet so small that it takes 2,500 of them to make a 
 row an inch long. Their work seems to be to repair 
 injuries. The red ones are not perfect spheres, but have 
 two opposite sides concave instead of convex. They 
 are so small that it takes 3,500 of them to make a 
 
68 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 row an inch long. It is estimated that a drop of blood 
 that would hang on the point of a pin, contains 3,000,000 
 of them, and that 30,000,000,000,000 of them are con- 
 tained in the human body. This vast army of busy little 
 workers are enlisted in a mission of so much greater 
 importance than all earth's mighty armies, with their 
 deadly implements of slaughter, that should these all 
 leave their post of duty, or be found sleeping on guard, 
 in that same hour the human race would sink lifeless, to 
 mingle with the soil of earth. But these trillions of little 
 medical missionaries persevere in their work, although 
 their mission field is dense with perils; for those whose 
 lives they are trying to save, seem almost to exhaust 
 human ingenuity in inventing ways to obstruct them in 
 their mission of mercy, thus giving no opportunity for 
 even an approximate estimate of the possibilities that 
 might be reached could the work be allowed to proceed 
 without hindrance. 
 
 The work of the red corpuscles is of vital importance. 
 They carry the nutritious elements of food (after the 
 process of digestion) to all parts of the body, for the 
 renewing of all of its tissues. They also carry the oxygen 
 received from the air, to assist in the repairing process, 
 and gather up the broken-down tissue and carry it, on 
 their return voyage to the lungs, where it is cast out. 
 But while the little doctors persevere in their faithful 
 efforts to save and perpetuate life, their work is not only 
 hindered, but many of them become enfeebled, and even 
 fall as martyrs to the effect of the unnatural habits of the 
 ungrateful patient. If any who use tobacco and alco- 
 holic liquors, feel skeptical in regard to this statement, 
 they have only to place some of their own blood corpus- 
 cles under a good microscope, and see how shriveled and 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 69 
 
 dark they are, as compared with those that have not 
 been exposed to these poisons. Language would fail to 
 describe the countless ways in which the blood is defiled, 
 through wrong habits of eating, drinking, breathing, etc. 
 When it becomes so intensely foul that the patient 
 thinks he can endure it no longer, then he commences a 
 wholesale work of defiling it by the use of poisons, under 
 the names of various kinds of medicine, surnamed "blood 
 purifiers." Only give this army of blood corpuscles a 
 fair chance to work with their natural health, and in 
 their natural way, and possibilities will be revealed in 
 the science and art of blood purifying, of which the 
 medicine men have scarcely dreamed. 
 
 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 
 
 The principal movements in respiration are produced 
 by contracting and relaxing the muscles of the diaphragm, 
 the abdomen, and those connected with the ribs. You 
 would not try to expel the water from a well-filled sponge 
 by concentrating your will upon it as it lies upon the 
 stand ; but, placing your hand about the sponge, and 
 contracting its muscles, the water is expelled. Then you 
 would not expect the sponge to be refilled with the same 
 amount of water till those muscles were relaxed. So you 
 need not expect the impure air to be expelled from the 
 lungs by trying to cause them to contract in obedience to 
 the will. When the action of the proper muscles below 
 and about the lungs has emptied them, you need never 
 expect to breathe again while those muscles remain in 
 the same position. A very slight obstruction to the 
 movement of these muscles will seriously diminish 
 proper respiration. Go into a nursery and watch the 
 process of budding young fruit trees. A very weak string 
 
70 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 of bark or yarn around the little tree is sufficient to hold 
 the bud and the bark against the sap of the tree for a few 
 days, until they have become united; Lut if the string 
 be left on a few days longer, the slight pressure of the 
 string so hinders the circulation of the sap that a crease 
 is left around the tree under the string, and the tree 
 breaks off. So will a very slight pressure on the surface 
 of the human body interfere with the freedom of either 
 circulation or respiration. 
 
 Among the perils of human life, perhaps there is no 
 surer nor more fashionable method (though there may be 
 quicker ones) of committing suicide than the crime of 
 trying to perpetrate upon the human body this part of 
 the process of budding trees. It is estimated that the 
 lungs contain 1,700,000,000 cells. These cells are lined 
 with mucous membrane, in all 2,000 square feet. The 
 blood must pass by this thin membrane at the rate of 15 
 barrels per day, and as the blood passes by, a cubic inch 
 of carbonic acid gas and other impurities gathered from 
 all parts of the body, is thrown out, and about a cubic 
 inch of oxygen is taken in at every breath. These both 
 have to pass through the mucous membrane. As the 
 oxygen passes through the mucous membrane, and enters 
 the blood as an indispensable agent in the work of repair- 
 ing and cleansing the system, so also when tobacco, 
 alcohol, and other poisons are habitually used, they find 
 their way into the blood in the same way, as agents of 
 destruction and ruin. The cubic inch of impurity that is 
 thrown out at every breath, contains sufficient poison to 
 render three cubic feet of air unfit to breathe, so that if 
 you know the size of your room, you can toll, by a very 
 few figures, how many times you can breathe in it before 
 your life will be in danger, if you have no ventilation. 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 
 
 71 
 
 If sufficient exercise is taken, and all the muscles have 
 perfect freedom of action, there will not be so much 
 danger of insufficient breathing; but with too violent 
 exercise, such as running a race, there may be danger of 
 rupturing some of the blood-vessels, or tearing the heart 
 valves. 
 
 In the diagram on digestion (see Appendix, page 173) will 
 be found the names of the five organs and the five juices 
 by which the work of digestion is accomplished, and the 
 five digestible elements contained in food, and required 
 by the system continually to renew all the tissues, and to 
 furnish heat and force for the body. It will be seen that 
 each organ produces a juice; the first three juices digest 
 two elements each; the fourth digests the first four ele- 
 ments; the fifth digests all the elements, and the salts is 
 digested by all the juices. A careful study of the digest- 
 ive organs and juices, and of the elements of food, will 
 be a great help in making suitable selections and form- 
 ing proper combinations of food to nourish the body and 
 keep it in the best condition of health. A man might sit 
 down to a dinner of potatoes, fine flour bread, rice, and 
 other articles composed of starch, and his system would 
 get starch, but it would not go far toward building up 
 his tissues, and he would not receive much real strength 
 from it. So he might select articles very rich in albumen 
 and form a combination that would be lacking in other 
 important elements. But, serious as these dangers are, 
 we would not forget the far greater ones: for the world 
 seems to groan with bitter sorrow caused by the deadly 
 poisons that continue to feed the perverted appetite, and 
 soon ruin the digestive organs, so that the best prepared 
 food can be made of but little use. 
 
72 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 FOOD ELEMENTS. 
 
 Flesh. 
 
 Albumen. 
 
 Starch. 
 
 Fats. 
 
 Salts. 
 
 Totals. 
 
 Lean beef 
 
 193 
 
 
 3.6 
 
 5.1 
 
 28 
 
 Lean mutton 
 
 18.3 
 
 
 4.9 
 
 4.8 
 
 28 
 
 Poultry 
 
 21 
 
 
 3.8 
 
 1.2 
 
 26 
 
 White fish 
 
 18.1 
 
 
 2.9 
 
 1 
 
 22 
 
 Salmon 
 
 16.1 
 
 
 5.5 
 
 1.4 
 
 23 
 
 Legumes 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lima beans 
 
 21.9 
 
 60.6 
 
 1.6 
 
 2.9 
 
 93 
 
 White beans 
 
 26.9 
 
 48.8 
 
 3 
 
 3.5 
 
 82.2 
 
 Garden peas 
 
 24.6 
 
 52.6 
 
 3.5 
 
 2.6 
 
 83.3 
 
 African peas 
 
 23.4 
 
 57.8 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 90.2 
 
 German lentils 
 
 33 
 
 30.3 
 
 8.7 
 
 2.7 
 
 74.7 
 
 Average flesh 
 
 18.5 
 
 
 4.1 
 
 2.7 
 
 25.4 
 
 Average legumes 
 
 25.9 
 
 49.4 
 
 4.5 
 
 2.9 
 
 84.6 
 
 By comparing the five kinds of flesh with the five 
 kinds of leguminous foods in the table of food elements, 
 it will be seen that the legumes contain much more than 
 twice the amount of nutrition, on an average, that the 
 meats do. Even in albumen, the legumes are 7.4 richer 
 on an average. German lentils contain twelve per cent 
 more albumen than the richest of these flesh meats. 
 Surely we need not, under any ordinary circumstances, 
 for fear of starving, stain our hands in the blood of our 
 fello w-creatu res. 
 
 THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM 
 
 is by no means unworthy of honor in the economy of 
 human life; for, if allowed even half a chance to work, 
 it is forever toiling in the cause of purity. While others 
 enjoy their peaceful slumbers, there are benefactors of 
 society, faithfully toiling in the darkness of the night, 
 to purify the city, and remove the dangers that threaten 
 
HUMAN LIFE. 
 
 73 
 
 the life of the citizens. If their services were only 
 appreciated, the terra "scavenger," as applied to them, 
 might soon become a title of honor. 
 
 The principal organs in this system are the skin, kid- 
 neys, liver, and lungs. If sufficient attention were paid 
 to proper exercise, bathing, breathing, and ventilation, 
 
 SURF BATHING. 
 
 there would be less cause for complaint about impure 
 blood, clogged livers, and clogged systems in general. 
 With some, bathing is neglected from one end of the 
 month to the other. Perhaps, with many, the word year 
 might be used instead of month, and with some, life 
 instead of year. One of the most important rooms for 
 every family residence is a well-furnished bath-room, so 
 
74 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 arranged that plenty of water, at any desired temperature, 
 may be had on short notice. Leave out the parlor, and 
 even some of the more important rooms if necessary, but 
 do not omit the bath-room. 
 
 Many would be alarmed could they realize the condi- 
 tion into which their organic systems have been brought 
 by their carelessness and their wrong habits of life; and 
 yet there is hope. In the midst of thickest perils, there 
 are possibilities that can be reached by those who can be 
 persuaded to believe that "where there's a will there's a 
 way," and will dare to buckle on the armor and commence 
 intelligently and bravely to fight the battle of life. 
 
 Thousands who are groping in darkness, and whose 
 lives are a burden rather than a blessing to themselves 
 and others, might "arise and shine" as lights in the 
 world, and as ornaments in society, if they would seize 
 the possibilities within their reach, and firmly resolve to 
 "make the most of life." Nevertheless, if this is under- 
 taken with a selfish ambition, it will be sure to prove an 
 inglorious failure, as every enterprise, prompted by no 
 higher motive, has done since the fall of Lucifer. 
 
MEMORY. 
 
 MEMORY is a record in the brain of knowledge acquired. 
 The brain is composed of white and gray matter. The 
 white portion is composed of fibers, the gray of cells. 
 The fibers transmit impressions. The cells receive impres- 
 sions, by which their structure, arrangement, or action, or 
 all of these, become so modified as to preserve a record 
 of our thoughts and perceptions, that may afterward be 
 read by the mind. 
 
 It is thought by some that memory is a habit that 
 brain cells acquire of acting in a certain way. Man's 
 character and individuality may be more the result of 
 his habits than of his organization ; and even his organi- 
 zation may become greatly modified by his habits. He 
 is a creature of habit. Every organ of the body acquires 
 certain habits of action, from the largest down to the 
 smallest fibers and cells, and even the minute blood 
 corpuscles. The more frequently an action is repeated 
 by any organ, the more readily will the organ act in that 
 way. So the more a thought is repeated by the action of 
 the brain cells, the more easily it is recalled in the 
 memory. 
 
 THE IMPORTANCE OF MEMORY 
 
 is beyond estimate; its value, beyond price. Without it 
 man would be as powerless to retain the thoughts that 
 pass through his mind, as the mirror is to retain the 
 image of the birds that fly before it. Books would be of 
 no use to him ; for he could never learn to read. If he 
 (76) 
 
MEMORY. 77 
 
 could read, one word would be gone, and he would not 
 know that he had ever read it, by the time he would 
 reach the next. Any person or object that he might see, 
 he would have no knowledge of ever having seen before. 
 We might be surrounded by the best libraries, and all 
 the choicest facilities for education the world can pro- 
 duce, but their usefulness would depend upon the memory. 
 The majority of scholors would be startled could they be 
 told how comparatively little benefit they receive from 
 the advantages they do have, because of their neglect of 
 cultivating the memory. Most people have very limited 
 views of the extent to which the memory can be culti- 
 vated. We find on record many 
 
 REMARKABLE INSTANCES OF MEMORY 
 
 a few of which we will here give: 
 
 "Cyrus could name every officer and soldier in his 
 armies. Lucius Scipio knew every Roman citizen by 
 name when that city contained more than two hundred 
 thousand capable of bearing arms." Pliny. 
 
 'Pontius Latro could repeat verbatim all the speeches 
 he had heard declaimed by the Roman orators." Seneca. 
 
 It is said "that Joseph Scaliger committed to memory 
 both the Iliad and the Odyssey in twenty-one days," and 
 "that Seneca could repeat two thousand words in the 
 order in which they had been uttered." 
 
 Lord Clarendon declares "that Hales, of Eton, carried 
 about in his memory more learning than anv scholar in 
 the world." 
 
 Dr. Kidston says that "if the whole Bible were lost, 
 Professor Lawson could have restored it from memory." 
 
 Miss Logan, when only four years of age, could recite 
 the whole of Pope's "Essay on Man.'' 
 
78 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Greffer Fagel, it is said, could "recite the whole of a 
 newspaper, after one reading, from beginning to end, and 
 then from end to beginning, without a mistake." 
 
 Sir William Hamilton says: "A young Corsicaii who 
 went to Padua to study law, soon became distinguished 
 for having a remarkable memory. Muritus, with other 
 auditors, assembled in a room to witness his powers 
 Muritus dictated words, Latin, Greek, barbarous, significant 
 and non-significant, disjointed and connected, until he 
 wearied himself, the young man who wrote them down, 
 and the audience who were present. 'We were all,' he 
 said, 'marvelously tired.' The Corsican alone was the 
 one of the whole company alert and fresh, and continually 
 desired Muritus for more words, who declared he would 
 be more than satisfied if he could repeat the half of what 
 had been taken down; and at length he ceased. The 
 young man, with his gaze fixed upon the ground, stood 
 silent for a brief season, and then, says Muritus, 'he 
 absolutely repeated the whole words in the order in 
 which they had been delivered, without the slightest 
 hesitation; then, commencing from the last, he repeated 
 them backwards till he came to the first. Then again so 
 that he spoke the first, the third, the fifth, and so on; did 
 this in any order that was asked, and all without the 
 slightest error. He assured me and he had nothing of 
 the boaster about him that he could recite in the same 
 manner to the amount of thirty-six thousand words. 
 And what was more wonderful, they all so adhered to the 
 mind that after a year's interval, he could repeat them 
 without trouble. 
 
 "'I know from having tried him, that he could do so 
 after considerable time.'" 
 
 "Ben Jonson could repeat all that he had written, and 
 whole books that he had read.' 1 James McOrie, 
 
MEMORY. 79 
 
 PLEASURES OF MEMORY. 
 
 Memory is designed to be one of the greatest sources of 
 life's happiness. Were our lives what they should be, the 
 sparkling ripples of daily pleasure would be borne along 
 with us down the stream of life, and, rolling together, 
 would swell into constantly accelerating waves, to gladden 
 our riper years. 
 
 Aspirate says : 
 
 "It is the museum of the mind, where are deposited 
 the rare, the costly, and the beautiful, to be exhibited as 
 occasion may require. It is the mysterious power which 
 calls up our joys and sorrows, and bids them live again." 
 
 "ARTIFICIAL AIDS TO MEMORY" 
 
 have been multiplied and peddled through the country, 
 to the discredit and detriment of the true science. Ex- 
 pectations thus stimulated receive as sudden a fall, and 
 the experiment results in the neglect of one of the most 
 wonderful and important faculties. The true principles 
 of memory may be more easily learned and more practi- 
 cally applied than any of the complicated "lingos." 
 
 G. B. says : 
 
 "Artificial aids to the memory are often injurious, and 
 do not assist real knowledge, but encourage conceit by 
 feats of recitation which are as useless as they are sur- 
 prising to the ignorant." 
 
 In analysis B, we present five requisites and five aids 
 that will be readily recognized as the 
 
 FOUNDATION PRINCIPLES 
 
 upon which memory naturally depends. 
 
 HEALTH 
 
 may be considered of the very first and highest iinpor- 
 
80 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 
 / Health. 
 
 ( General, 
 <J Sensory, 
 (Nervous. 
 
 1 
 
 H -; s 
 
 ' N 
 
 Requisites. ^ 
 
 Impressions. 
 Exercise. 
 
 ( Duration, 
 \' Frequency, 
 Variety. 
 
 R 
 
 ( D 
 
 : v 
 
 TT V 
 
 i 
 
 
 Attention. 
 
 ( Interest, 
 (Exclusion. 
 
 
 A !E 
 
 
 \ Understanding. 
 
 u 
 
 / Analyze. 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 Represent. 
 
 /Word, 
 < Letter, 
 Vlllustration. 
 
 
 pv 
 
 R L 
 ( I 
 
 Aids. < 
 
 , Arrange. 
 
 ( Divisions, 
 ( Subdivisions. 
 
 A 
 
 A ts 
 
 
 Associate. 
 
 ( Comparison, 
 ' Contrast. 
 
 
 (c 
 to 
 
 \Review. 
 
 
 R 
 
 ANALYSIS B. 
 
 ME 
 
 MORY. 
 
MEMORY. 81 
 
 tance of any of these principles; for without health man 
 is not so well fitted to make a success of anything; and 
 the more the health is impaired, the more the mind is 
 unfitted for any active service. The man who has good 
 general health, will naturally have a better memory than 
 the one who has not; for, with every organ of the body 
 in its normal condition and free from pain, the natural 
 conditions will be more favorable for receiving and retain- 
 ing thought. Yet it must be admitted that one less 
 favored in. health may, by careful training, far surpass 
 the one who has all these natural advantages. But 
 health of the sensory and nervous systems is a special and 
 absolute requisite for memory, as all that is ever recorded 
 in the mind must come through these channels, and be 
 held on record, and reproduced by these organs. 
 
 All material for thought must be introduced through 
 the senses, and these perceptions must be conducted to 
 the nerve centers through the telegraphic fibers of the 
 nerves. These must all have perfect health to do perfect 
 work; the sensory organs to receive, the nerve fibers to 
 transmit, and the nerve centers to record, preserve, and 
 reproduce perfect mental pictures. There must be, at 
 least, a fair degree of health of these two systems or no 
 reliable 
 
 IMPRESSIONS 
 
 can be made in the brain ; and without such impressions, 
 there can be no memory. These impressions will depend 
 upon the duration, frequency, and variety of the perceptions 
 by which the brain cells are affected. 
 
 If the perception is of very brief duration, the impres- 
 sion soon fades from the memory. A brief glance is 
 soon forgotten ; but a prolonged view of a person or 
 6 
 
82 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 object, proves more enduring in the memory. So a per- 
 son or object seen but once or twice, may be soon forgotten; 
 but often seen, will be remembered. And when we have 
 the testimony of the senses in a variety of ways, as by 
 sight, hearing, feeling, taste, etc., the thoughts become 
 still more permanently fixed in the memory. 
 
 EXERCISE 
 
 of the memory is a third requisite, and a very important 
 one to be considered. We may read the thoughts ex- 
 pressed upon the printed page, forty, fifty, or a hundred 
 times, and then have but few of them fixed in the mem- 
 ory. The eye, the ear, and the voice may be brought into 
 active exercise, in the reading process (I do not say this 
 is true reading), while the memory remains practically 
 dormant. Who has not had a demonstration of this in 
 singing the same hymns for years, and still depending 
 upon the book for almost every line of the hymn? 
 
 In how brief a time the same thoughts could be trans- 
 ferred to the memory, if that faculty were brought into 
 exercise by reading one thought, and then repeating it 
 without looking on the book, then reading another, 
 repeating the two from memory, etc., as explained farther 
 on under "Review"! This would not only bring the 
 memory into exercise, but would also help to fix upon 
 the thought the 
 
 ATTENTION, 
 
 which we introduce as the fourth requisite. The impres- 
 sions can not be distinct and permanent unless the atten. 
 tion is fixed upon them with a good degree of intensity 
 at the time they are received. We may hear the striking 
 of a clock; the sound may fall upon the ear, but, with 
 
MEMORY. 83 
 
 the attention absorbed with some other thought at the 
 time, we may not know five minutes after that the clock 
 has struck ; it was not written upon the memory. Who 
 can not recall the time when he has found himself hold- 
 ing a book in his hand, running his eye steadily and 
 smoothly along the lines, reading every w.ord (in a 
 mechanical way), turning the leaf when the bottom of 
 the page, was reached, and after passing over several 
 pages- in that way, awaking to the fact that his mind had 
 been running on a train of thought entirely foreign to 
 the subject contained in the book, without retaining a 
 thought of what he had read. No effort to remember can 
 prove successful unless attention upon the thoughts to be 
 remembered can be secured ; and every one's own expe- 
 rience must prove that attention will depend largely upon 
 INTEREST in the thought, and the EXCLUSION of other 
 thoughts. 
 
 Interest in the thought will depend upon a fifth requi- 
 site : 
 
 UNDERSTANDING. 
 
 We may hear or read, in a foreign language, or even in 
 our own language, something that we do not understand, 
 and we will find it much more difficult to remember than 
 that which is well understood. To assist in securing a 
 good understanding, and as the first aid to memory, 
 
 ANALYZE 
 
 the thought, so as to get a clear idea of every point it 
 contains. For instance, if an action is expressed, notice 
 who did it, when, where, why, how it was done, etc. 
 When the mind has digested every point revealed in the 
 thought, then 
 
84 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 REPRESENT 
 
 the thought by an appropriate symbol; by a word, as on 
 the left side of analysis "B," by a letter, as on the right 
 side of analysis "B," or by any suitable illustration, as 
 time or distance might be represented by a line. As the 
 eye falls upon the word, or other symbol, that represents 
 the entire thought, all the points with which the memory 
 has been charged, will, by their connection with the lead- 
 ing idea, readily respond to the call. For example, in 
 the sentence, "In Judea, in A. D. 43, Herod, to please the 
 populace, killed James with the sword," if, after carefully 
 analyzing, we write the word "killed/' to represent the 
 entire thought, as soon as the eye catches the word 
 "killed," we will readily remember who killed, whom 
 he killed, when, where, why, and how. 
 
 When each thought in your subject has been carefully 
 analyzed, so that every point in it is clearly understood, 
 and a word instead of a sentence has been selected to 
 represent each leading thought, then 
 
 ARRANGE 
 
 the thoughts in their best and most natural order, in 
 divisions and subdivisions; as illustrated in analysis U B," 
 letting a glance at the word fix the attention, call the 
 memory into action, and bring the thought in its com- 
 pleteness before the mind. 
 
 ASSOCIATE. 
 
 Of the almost infinite variety of ways in which this 
 principle of association may be brought to the aid of the 
 memory, we have only room for a brief hint. We may 
 take advantage of this principle by associating thought, 
 either by comparison or contrast, in regard to time, place, 
 
MEMORY. 85 
 
 manner, duration, magnitude, weight, etc. When the 
 subject has been suitably arranged, associate the first 
 thought with the second, finding some connection or 
 relation between them that will lead the mind from the 
 first to the second. Then, in like manner, associate the 
 second with the third, and the third with the fourth, and 
 so on until all are so linked together in a connected chain 
 that while you are talking the first, the relation discovered 
 will lead the mind to the second; while you talk the 
 second, the mind will be led to the third, and so on to 
 the end of your subject. 
 
 REVIEW. 
 
 The more frequently a thought is presented through 
 the channel of any of the senses, the more permanently 
 it becomes fixed in the memory; but reading a thought 
 from the memory is much more effectual than reading 
 from a book, because in reading from the memory the 
 attention is compelled to dwell upon the thought, and 
 the memory is brought into action. When a chain of 
 thoughts is completed by association, read the first 
 thought, then read it from memory; then read the second, 
 and repeat the two from memory, then read the third and 
 repeat the three, and so on to the end of the subject, 
 holding all in the memory by repeating without allowing 
 time to forget. In this manner a subject may be com- 
 mitted to memory by one reading, by reviewing from the 
 beginning, from memory, every time a new link is added 
 to the chain of thoughts. 
 
 The divisions of the books of the Bible, as arranged in 
 Analysis C, furnish an excellent and profitable lesson for 
 practice on this plan of reviewing. The abbreviations 
 we have arranged will be found convenient for practical 
 use, as none of them contain more than two letters 
 
86 
 
 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 
 rGe 
 
 50 /Is 
 
 66 /Mt 28 
 
 
 Ex 
 
 40 
 
 Je 
 
 52 Ur 16 
 
 Penta- ^ 
 teuch. 
 
 Le 
 
 27 
 
 La 
 
 5 Historical. <Lu 24 
 
 
 Nu 
 
 36 
 
 El 
 
 48 /j n 21 
 
 VDu 
 
 34 
 
 Da 
 
 12 \Ac 28 
 
 /Ja 
 
 24 
 
 Ho 
 
 14 Ro 16 
 
 
 Jg 
 
 21 
 
 Jl 
 
 3 
 
 f!6 
 
 
 Ru 
 
 4 
 
 Am 
 
 9 
 
 Cr 
 
 (13 
 
 
 S 
 
 PI 
 1241 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Ga 6 
 Ep 6 
 
 
 
 |/ 
 
 
 Pp 4 
 
 Histor- ( K 
 
 f 22 > jh 
 
 4 
 
 
 Cl 4 
 
 ical. 
 
 v 
 
 125 
 
 
 
 Pauline. \ mi f ^ 
 
 
 Ch 
 
 f 29 
 
 Mi 
 
 7 
 
 
 I 3 
 
 
 
 1 36 
 
 
 
 
 f 6 
 
 
 Ea 
 
 10 
 
 Na 
 
 3 
 
 
 Tm { 4 
 
 
 Ne 
 
 13 
 
 Hk 
 
 o Epis- 
 5 ties. 
 
 
 Ti 3 
 
 
 Es 
 
 10 
 
 Zf 
 
 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pn 1 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 He 13 
 
 / 
 
 42 
 
 Hg 
 
 2 
 
 / 
 
 Ps 
 
 150 
 
 Zk 
 
 14 
 
 [ Js 5 
 
 Poetical. < Pr 
 
 31 
 
 Ml 
 
 4 
 
 \ 1 5 
 
 EC 
 
 \ 
 12 
 
 
 ) 1 3 
 General. / 
 
 1 
 
 
 \ 5 
 
 VSs 
 
 8 
 
 \ V 
 
 / TV, J 1 
 
 Prophetical. 
 ANALYSIS c. 
 DIVISIONS OF THE BIBLE. 
 
 ( 1 
 
 Jd 1 
 
 Re 22 
 
MEMORY. 87 
 
 DIVISIONS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT. 
 
 Pentateuch. 
 Pentateuch, Historical. 
 Pentateuch ; Historical, Poetical. 
 Pentateuch, Historical, Poetical, Prophetic . 
 
 DIVISIONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. 
 
 Historical. 
 Historical, Epistles. 
 Historical, Epistles { Pauline. 
 
 Historical, Epistles ( 
 
 ( General. 
 
 Historical, Epistles ( ^ aullne 1 Prophetical. 
 I General J 
 
 BOOKS OF THE BIBLE. 
 
 Genesis. 
 
 Genesis, Exodus. 
 
 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus. 
 
 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers. 
 
 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. 
 
 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, 
 Joshua, etc., to Revelation. 
 
 In the above exercise we have only a series of names; 
 but even in this we see opportunity for arrangement (or 
 classification), and so even association and all other aids 
 could be used in this to some extent, though not all of 
 them as fully and freely as in a series of thoughts. The 
 reader will think of many other series of words that he 
 will desire to transfer to the memory, and will find them 
 profitable lessons for practice. Any series of thoughts 
 can be transferred to the memory on the same plan, and 
 
PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 abundant use can be made of all the aids. As the mem- 
 ory becomes strengthened by practice upon these princi- 
 ples, it will be found that initial letters can be used more 
 in the place of words, to represent thought. The more 
 simple the symbol used to represent the thought, if suffi- 
 cient to answer the purpose, the more we are brought to 
 depend upon the memory and bring it into action. The 
 mind can finally become so trained to the use of these 
 natural principles that the imagination will seize and use 
 them without any visible symbols. 
 
 On the left side of Analysis D, we have the initials of 
 the United States and Territories, with their capitals. A 
 different classification is sometimes given, but the divi- 
 sions represented here are: North Eastern, Middle Belt, 
 Western Plateau, North Central, Southern, and Pacific 
 Coast. In the initials of the states and their capitals, 
 that of the capital follows that of the state, commencing: 
 Maine, Augusta; New Hampshire, Concord, etc. 
 
 HISTORICAL EVENTS AND DATES. 
 
 A few figures can be caused to represent a large amount 
 of history by first letting the initial of the event follow 
 the date until the event becomes so associated with the 
 date that the initial may disappear, and the event be 
 remembered by the figures, and then the figures may dis- 
 appear, and the memory may still retain the event with the 
 date. In Analysis D, at the right, we present prominent 
 events of the world's history, with their dates, which we 
 here explain: 
 
 B. C. A. D. 
 
 4004 Creation of the world. 1799 Washington died. 
 
 2349 Flood. 1801 Thomas Jefferson inaug. 
 
 2233 Babylonian Empire founded, 1807 Steamboat invented. 
 
X E 
 
 MB 
 
 WP 
 
 MEMORY. 
 
 8 
 
 /MA 
 
 W C ! 4004 C 
 
 1801 J 
 
 N C 
 
 C 2349 F 
 
 1807 S B 
 
 VM 
 
 I I 
 
 2233 B 
 
 1809 M 
 
 M B 
 
 I S 
 
 1491 Ex 
 
 1811 P P 
 
 C H 
 
 K T 
 
 606 C 
 
 1817 M 
 
 R P 
 
 I D 
 
 538 M 
 
 1825 A R 
 
 YA NO 
 
 N L 
 
 -J57 R 
 
 1829 J 
 
 P H 
 
 M L 
 
 331 G 
 
 1833 S 
 
 J T 
 
 WM 
 
 168 R 
 
 1837 V T 
 
 D D 
 
 M P 
 
 70 J 
 
 1841 H 
 
 MA 
 
 N B 
 
 356 1 
 
 1841 T 
 
 S P 
 
 483P 
 
 1845 P 
 
 (V R 
 
 538 P 
 
 1846 M W 
 
 K F 
 
 N R 
 
 1492 W I 
 
 1849 T 
 
 1 T N 
 
 S C 
 
 1497 N 
 
 1850 F 
 
 \ M J 
 
 G A 
 
 1498 S 
 
 1853 P 
 
 I T 
 
 F T 
 
 1520 M 
 
 1857 B 
 
 U G S< 
 
 AM 
 
 1565 S A 
 
 1861 L 
 
 
 M J 
 
 1582 S F 
 
 1865 J 
 
 MH 
 
 L B 
 
 1607 J 
 
 1869 G 
 
 we 
 
 A L 
 
 1620 P 
 
 1876 T 
 
 C D 
 
 T A 
 
 1732 W B 
 
 1877 H 
 
 I D 
 
 1776 I D 
 
 1881 G 
 
 N C (WO 
 
 1780 D D 
 
 1881 A 
 
 U S PCX S 
 
 1783 P 
 
 1885 C 
 
 A P ( C S 
 
 1787 C 
 
 1889 H 
 
 M S 
 
 1789 W 
 
 1893 C 
 
 
 1797 A 
 
 1894 C I 
 
 
 1798 P C 
 
 
 
 1799 W D 
 
 
 ANALYSIS D. 
 
 GEOGRAPHY. HISTORY. 
 
90 
 
 PERILS 4ND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 1491 Exodus from Egypt. 
 606 Captivity in Babylon. 
 538 Medo-Persia conquers B. 
 457 Rebuilding of Jerusalem. 
 331 Grecia conquers Persia. 
 168 Rome conquers Grecia. 
 
 A. D. 
 
 70 Jerusalem destroyed. 
 
 ' } Division of Rome. 
 48o J 
 
 538 Pope in power. 
 
 1492 West Indies discovered. 
 1467 N. America discovered. 
 1498 S. America discovered. 
 1520 Mexico conquered. 
 1565 St. Augustine founded. 
 1582 Santa Fe founded. 
 1607 Jamestown founded. 
 1620 Plymouth Rock landing. 
 1732 Washington born. 
 1776 Independence declared. 
 1780 Dark day. 
 
 1783 Peace declared. 
 1787 Constitution adopted. 
 1789 Washington inaug. 
 
 1797 John Adams inaug. 
 
 1798 Pope captured. 
 
 This chronological chain of events, with their dates, or a 
 similar one, using different events and different dates, if 
 desired, can be easily recorded in the memory and used 
 as skeleton with which to associate many other events 
 whose dates may coincide with these, or fall between them. 
 
 QUOTATIONS AND REFERENCES. 
 
 A very important question with many is how to remem- 
 ber where valuable thoughts are recorded in the Bible or 
 other books. 
 
 Write the thought, or a question that calls for it, fol- 
 
 1809 J. Madison inaug. 
 
 1811 Printing press. 
 
 1817 James Monroe inaug. 
 
 1825 J.Q. Adams inaug. R.R.cars. 
 
 1829 Andrew Jackson inaug. 
 
 1833 Stars fell. 
 
 1837 M. VanBuren inaug. Teleg. 
 
 1841 W. H. Harrison inaug. 
 
 1841 J. Tyler inaug. 
 
 1845 J. K. Polk inaug. 
 
 1846 Mexican war declared. 
 
 1849 Zachary Taylor inaug. 
 
 1850 Millard Fillmore inaug. 
 1853 Franklin Pierce inaug. 
 1857 James Buchanan inaug. 
 1861 Lincoln inaug. 
 
 1865 Andrew Johnson inaug. 
 1869 U. S. Grant inaug. 
 
 1876 Telephone invented. 
 
 1877 R. B. Hayes inaug. 
 1881 J. A. Garfield inaug. 
 1881 C. A. Arthur inaug. 
 1885 Grover Cleveland inaug. 
 1889 Benjamin Harrison inaug. 
 
 1893 Grover Cleveland inaug. 
 
 1894 China invaded. 
 
MEMORY. 91 
 
 lowed by the book, chapter, and verse in which the 
 thought is recorded, thus: 
 
 What is sin? 1 John 3:4. 
 What its penalty ? Rom. 6 : 23. 
 What its source? Matt. 15:19. 
 
 Then write a word, followed by the book, chapter, and 
 verse, to represent the thought, book, chapter, and verse, 
 thus: 
 
 Sin. 1 John 3: 4. 
 Penalty. Roni. 6:23. 
 Source. Matt. 15:19. 
 
 Now write the initial of the word, followed by the 
 chapter and verse, to represent the thought, book, chapter, 
 and verse, thus: 
 
 S3:4. 
 P6:23. 
 815:19. 
 
 The effort of the mind to remember the book by the 
 chapter and verse, will not only fix the book in the mem- 
 ory, but will so fasten the attention upon the chapter and 
 verse that these will be fixed in the memory, and all will 
 be connected by the principle of association. 
 
 OVERSTRAINING. 
 
 I 
 
 The organ of memory (as with every other physical 
 organ) is strengthened and educated by a proper amount 
 of exercise; but by overstraining, it becomes weakened 
 and exhausted. When in this condition, the attempt to 
 force from it its hidden treasures, will be both injurious 
 and vain. Time will be gained by awaiting its spontane- 
 ous action. 
 
 Jay, of Bath, says: "Memory is a good servant, but it 
 likes to be trusted." 
 
92 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 OBJECTS OF MEMORY. 
 
 As all thoughts that are presented to the mind can not 
 be remembered, a wise choice is very important. Light 
 reading enfeebles memory, makes it a toy shop, a lumber 
 room, a sieve. Memory becomes much injured by reading 
 works of fiction, or those things that are not worth remem- 
 bering, on account of their lack of truth. Even if these 
 untrue thoughts were retained, they would be an injury 
 to the memory by crowding out thoughts that are true. 
 If such things are read and not remembered, it gets the 
 memory in the habit of acting the part of a sieve, and it 
 will be likely to practice the same habit in regard to 
 truth. 
 
THE FOUNTAIN. 
 
 (93) 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 
 
 The Bible gives us a perfect rule of life, and presents 
 a perfect life as our pattern. Life is voluntary action. 
 The voluntary action of any being determines his charac- 
 ter. The character of the Author of life is expressed in 
 a brief stanza in one of our hymns : 
 "Beyond this vale of tears, 
 
 There is a life above, 
 Unmeasured by the flight of years; 
 
 And all that life is love." 
 
 The last three words of this stanza reveal the Fountain 
 of life. 
 
 "LIFE is LOVE." 
 
 This is the subject on which we wish to present a few 
 thoughts, in plain, simple language. Gen. 1:3 is plain 
 and simple: "And God said, Let there be light; and there 
 was light." But the original is more simple, and more 
 beautiful : 
 
 "GOD SAID, LIGHT BE! AND LIGHT WAS." 
 
 I think the beauty of such simple expressions is rather 
 in the thought than in the words. Language is only a 
 medium for conveying thought from mind to mind; and 
 the most simple language presents the thought with 
 greatest clearness. 
 
 The secret of the beautiful thoughts of the Bible is 
 revealed in Isa. 55 : 8, 9 : 
 
 "For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are 
 (94) 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 95 
 
 your ways my ways, saith the Lord. For as the heavens 
 are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than 
 your ways, and my thoughts- than your thoughts." 
 The simple text that we have chosen is 
 
 THE MOST BEAUTIFUL SENTENCE EVER WRITTEN. 
 
 You will find it in 1 John 4:16 : 
 
 This text is so short, so plain, and so simple, that there 
 might seem to be nothing to say about it ; and yet it con- 
 tains a depth of meaning that is beyond the power of 
 human language to unfold. \Ve are so wrapped about 
 with selfishness, and know so little of love, that a being 
 who is all love, is beyond our comprehension. The 
 natural selfishness of man is well expressed by the poet 
 who says: 
 
 "The wretch, concentered all in self, 
 Living, shall forfeit fair renown, 
 And doubly dying, shall go down 
 To the vile dust from w r hence he sprung 
 Unwept, unhonored, and unsung." 
 
 Yes, "doubly dying," his body buried in the earth, and 
 the memory of his life of selfishness buried in eternal 
 oblivion. Some have even dared to contradict the grand 
 truth contained in our text, because they have failed to 
 comprehend it; but unbelief is only another character- 
 istic of our fallen race. Perhaps this fact could be stated 
 in no plainer terms than in the words of David, in 
 Ps. 53:1:- 
 
 "The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God." 
 Whatever the man of learning might say with his lips, 
 who but the fool could say, "within the silent chambers 
 
96 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 of the heart," "There is no God," while the evidences of 
 the Creator are so clearly seen in all his works? 
 * But what shall be said of the man who can deny so 
 plain a truth as the one in our text? '-'God is love." What 
 a beautiful motto this would be if some hand, with the 
 skill of a Hogarth, or of a Michael Angelo, or rather with 
 the skill of an angel, would write upon this wall, in let- 
 ters of living light : 
 
 "GOD is LOVE." 
 
 But there is no need to write it, for it is already written 
 everywhere, till there is no place to write it more. It 
 beams in the eye of the blazing sun. It is written on the 
 face of the silvery moon, and on every twinkling star. 
 It flashes its light from every electric cloud, and from 
 every shooting meteor and flying comet. It shines in the 
 gorgeous colors of the rainbow. Can any one object to 
 reading from the book of nature on such a theme as this? 
 Then hear David, as he reads from the same book, in 
 Ps. 19:1-4:- 
 
 "The heavens declare the glory of God ; and the firma- 
 ment showeth his handiwork. Day unto day uttereth 
 speech, and night unto night showeth knowledge. There 
 is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard. 
 Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their 
 words to the end of the world." 
 
 The love of God is speaking to the hearts of men (and 
 may his love, rather than a human voice, speak to all our 
 hearts to-day); his love is speaking to the hearts of men 
 from out all nature, in words that may be understood by 
 the people of every nation and language ; so that there 
 is indeed "no speech nor language where their voice is 
 not heard." 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 97 
 
 God has given us one book that has been many times 
 translated, and printed in many languages; but he has 
 also given us a larger book that all may read in the 
 original language of the Author. And the one is as truly 
 a revelation from the great and glorious Creator as the 
 other; yet, without careful study, and the help of the 
 Spirit that inspired them, we may fail to understand 
 either. This larger book of God, called "the book of 
 nature," is not only indorsed by David, but also by many 
 other Bible writers. The world's greatest Teacher, who 
 "spake as never man spake," directs us to study both 
 these books. Pointing to one, he says, "Search the 
 Scriptures," and turning to the other, he invites us to 
 "consider the lilies." And he whose learning and elo- 
 quence astonished the Athenian philosophers at Mars 
 Hill, and "almost persuaded" King Agrippa "to be a 
 Christian," says, "All Scripture is given by inspiration of 
 God, and is profitable." And concerning the larger book, 
 he says, in Rom. 1:19, "Because that which may be 
 known of God is manifest in them [margin, "to them,"' 
 that is, to the heathen]; for God hath showed it unto 
 them." He has shown it unto them plainly written in 
 the book of nature, as declared in the next verse: "For 
 the invisible things of him from the creation of the world 
 are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are 
 made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they 
 are without excuse." Then even the heathen, who have 
 only read the book of nature, are without excuse if they 
 have not learned the character of God as revealed in our 
 text; for this glorious truth comes pouring into the soul 
 th rough every channel of our senses. It sparkles from 
 the crest of every ocean wave, and from every shining 
 dewdrop. It is written on the loftiest forest trees, and 
 7 
 
1)8 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 on every blade of grass and blooming flower, and on the 
 sunbeam that paints their lovely hues. But, best of all, 
 it is written in the hearts of the creatures of his care, 
 "God is love." 
 
 If this text has awakened our thoughts, they will begin 
 to expand, as we consider the 
 
 EXTENT OF HIS LOVE. 
 
 In Eph. 3:16-19, Paul gives us an idea of the magni- 
 tude of this subject, praying "that he would grant you, 
 according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened 
 with might by his Spirit in the inner man; that Christ 
 may dwell in your hearts by faith ; that ye, being rooted 
 and grounded in love, may be able to comprehend with 
 all saints what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and 
 height; and to know the love of Christ, which passeth 
 knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness 
 of God." 
 
 In this sublime language is revealed love, not like our 
 own, "concentrated all in self," but extending in every 
 direction; for it tells of its breadth, and length, and 
 depth, and height, and these without limit; for David 
 says, in Ps. 103 : 11, "For as the heaven is high above the 
 earth, so great is his mercy toward them that fear him." 
 Therefore, his love is boundless as the universe. If our 
 thoughts expand with a view of the extent of his love, 
 our hearts will be kindled to a warmer glow, by what we 
 find revealed concerning the 
 
 OBJECTS OF HIS LOVE. 
 
 The love of God for his only-begotten Son was spoken 
 from heaven to earth, as Jesus arose from his baptism in 
 the waters of the Jordan, It was the voice of the loving 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 99 
 
 Father, speaking from his throne in glory, as recorded 
 in Matt. 3:17: ''This is my beloved Son, in whom I am 
 well pleased." And the Saviour sends the echo back 
 from earth to heaven: "For thou lovedst me before the 
 foundation of the world." John 17:24. But how lim- 
 ited must be our highest conceptions of the infinite love 
 of God for that Son who is "the chiefest among ten 
 thousand," and the one who "is altogether lovely." The 
 thought, so difficult for our faith to grasp, that we may 
 share the same love, is expressed in John 17:23: "And 
 that the world may know that thou hast sent me, and 
 hast loved them, as thou hast loved me." And not only 
 may we share the same love, but the fact that we may 
 even be received as his sons, is held up in 1 John 3 : 1, as 
 one of the grandest possibilities Heaven has to offer to 
 the human race. "Behold, what manner of love the 
 Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called 
 the sons of God; therefore the world knoweth us not, 
 because it knew him not." But this honoris not attained 
 without the separating and purifying described in 2 Cor. 
 6:17, 18; 7:1: "Wherefore come out from among them, 
 and be ye separate, saith the Lord, and touch not the 
 unclean thing; and I will receive you, and will be a 
 Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters, 
 saith the Lord Almighty. Having therefore these prom- 
 ises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all 
 filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in 
 the fear of God." And this cleansing is not accomplished 
 without suffering. 
 
 Rom. 8: 17: "And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, 
 and joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with 
 him, that we may be also glorified together." If God is 
 to glorify us as his sons, we must expect him to deal with 
 
100 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 us as such. Heb. 12:6-8: "For whom the Lord loveth 
 he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth. 
 If ye endure chastening, God dealeth with you as with 
 sons; for what son is he whom the father chasteneth not? 
 But if ye be without chastisement, whereof all are par- 
 takers, then are ye bastards, and not sons." 
 
 When he deals with us as with sons, how often we 
 mistake his love for anger; and how serious are the errors 
 of hasty judgment! Let me tell you a little piece of a 
 story: "An artist had just completed a valuable picture, 
 when his friend, who loved him, intentionally and wil- 
 fully destroyed it." "Oh, no," you say, "not his friend 
 who loved him, but his enemy who hated him, destroyed 
 the picture! " I do not wonder that you think so, from 
 what evidence you have heard ; but now listen to the 
 whole story told in few words, and see how suddenly 
 you will reverse your decision. "A skilful artist had 
 spent much time and labor in painting a beautiful picture 
 on the upper part of a high wall; and after giving it a 
 few finishing touches, he stepped back to admire his 
 work, when his friend, who stood with him on the same 
 scaffold, seeing that he was about to fall backward, and 
 that there was but one thing to do, seized a brush filled 
 with paint, and struck it upon the beautiful picture, 
 spoiling in an instant the careful work of many days. 
 The artist sprang forward, too late to save the picture, 
 but just in time to save his life. And when he knew of 
 the danger from which he had escaped, he saw that 
 the stroke was not in anger, but in love." 
 
 Sometimes our attention is all absorbed in our worldly 
 business; and our affections are so fastened upon the 
 works of our hands, that we are about to fall into destruc- 
 tion. Our heavenly Father sees our danger; and with 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OP LIFE. 101 
 
 one sudden stroke, lie sweeps from us the results of our 
 days or years of toil, as the only means of saving us. 
 And then, oh, then, we fail to understand the design of his 
 dealing; the world has so blinded our minds and hard- 
 ened our hearts! But can any heart be so cold and hard 
 that it never melts at the words of Jesus in John 3:16: 
 ''For God so loved the world, that he gave his only- 
 begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should 
 not perish, but have everlasting life"? 
 
 THE EXCEEDING MYSTERY OF HIS LOVE 
 
 is in the infinite sacrifice by which it is manifested toward 
 the disobedient. Rom. 5:8: "But God commendeth his 
 love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ 
 died for us." Amazing condescension! Matchless love! 
 "While we were yet sinners, Christ died for us." 
 
 Kor is Ex. 20:5 any contradiction of our text. It^ays, 
 "Visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children 
 unto the third and fourth generatioji of them that hate 
 me;" but this does not prove that God hates the sinner; 
 for Prov. 13 :24 says, "He that spareth his rod hateth his 
 son ; but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes." 
 
 God pours his love upon sinners in showers of bless- 
 ings; and when this fails to reform them, he tries to teach 
 them the lesson of obedience, by letting them feel the 
 results of their iniquity; and when they continually 
 refuse life, in his love, and in his pity, he finally does the 
 best he can for them, by letting them have their choice. 
 How many commit suicide because, by a course of sin, 
 they make their existence so miserable that they can not 
 endure all of this short life! Would it be any favor to 
 them to force an endless life upon them against their will? 
 We are all introduced into life without our choice; but 
 life eternal will be only for those who choose it. 
 
102 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 After setting before the children of Israel the way of 
 life, with its blessings, and the downward road to death, 
 with its curses, Moses says, in Deut. 30: 19: "I call heaven 
 and earth to record this day against you, that I have set 
 before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore 
 choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live." But Jer. 
 8: 3 foretells that "death shall be chosen rather than life 
 by all the residue of them that remain of this evil 
 family." How unsatisfying, how vain, how transitory, 
 the existence of those who choose death rather than life! 
 And with what relief our minds turn from the infinite 
 perils to which they are exposed, to inquire about the 
 
 DURATION OF GOD'S LOVE! 
 
 How brief and uncertain earthly friendships often 
 prove! Those who profess great love for us for a time, 
 may suddenly become our enemies. Not so with the love 
 of God. He says: "I have loved thee with an everlasting 
 love; therefore with loving-kindness have I drawn thee." 
 Jer. 31 : 3. Again, Hosea 11:4, "I drew them with cords 
 of a man, with bands of love." But, as the attraction 
 of the earth is in proportion to the distance, and by the 
 power of the will we may increase or diminish the dis- 
 tance, so in regard to the power that draws us toward God: 
 it may be resisted by our will, and we may separate our- 
 selves farther from him, or we may yield, and he will 
 draw us still nearer to himself. Then why should we 
 ever tremble with doubts and fears? If we will only 
 yield to the influence of his everlasting love, he will 
 draw us unto himself, and keep us where nothing can 
 separate us from him; for Paul says, in Rom. 8:38, 39, 
 "For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor 
 angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 103 
 
 nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other 
 creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of 
 God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord." 
 
 It may be our privilege to have such a view of the 
 love of God that we can exclaim with Paul, in Rom. 11 :33, 
 "O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and 
 knowledge of God!" 
 
 And the knowledge of God reveals to us the 
 
 ORIGIN OF LOVE. 
 
 Pure love is the only motive that can produce, preserve, 
 control, or increase pure and perfect life. Therefore love 
 is the fountain of life; and God is love. He is the source 
 and fountain of love. With him it originates, and from 
 him proceeds all the love in the universe; for "love is of 
 God." 1 John 4:7, 8: "Beloved, let us love one another; 
 for love is of God; and every one that loveth is born of 
 God, and knoweth God. He that loveth not, knoweth 
 not God ; for God is love." Then he that has not learned 
 the truth of our text has no knowledge of the true God. 
 The light, which proceeds from its source, in the sun, is 
 reflected by every object upon which it falls, except those 
 objects that are perfectly black. And so the beams of 
 God's love, as they fall upon us, will be reflected back 
 toward him, and toward all our fellow-creatures, if we 
 are not bodies of darkness. If we do not possess this 
 reflecting power that causes love to flow from heart to 
 heart, we need not expect that any will be convinced that 
 we have the truth. 1 John 4:6: "Hereby know we the 
 spirit of truth, and the spirit of error." The Spirit of 
 God is the spirit of truth ; and the law of God is his 
 
 BANNER OF TRUTH. 
 
 Ps. 119:142: "Thv law is the truth." Ps. 60:4: "Thou 
 
104 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 hast given a banner to them that fear thee, that it may 
 be displayed because of the truth." Then, as we hold up 
 the law of God before the people, let us display it because 
 of the truth, and not for the sake of argument. 
 Being his banner of truth, it must be also his 
 
 BANNER OF LIGHT. 
 
 Ps. 119 : 105: "Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a 
 light unto my path." John 17: 17 : "Sanctify them through 
 thy truth; thy word is truth." Ps. 119:142: "Thy law is 
 the truth." Prov. 6:23: "For the commandment is a 
 lamp; and the law is light." 
 
 Truth, light, life, and love proceed from the same foun- 
 tain. Ps. 36:9: "With thee is the fountain of life." As 
 love is the fountain of life, and true life is love, and God 
 is love, his law is also his 
 
 BANNER OF LIFE. 
 
 Prov. 4:4: "Keep my commandments, and live." Prov. 
 11:19: "As righteousness tendeth to life ; so he that pur- 
 sueth evil pursueth it to his own death." Eze. 18:19: 
 "When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, 
 and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he 
 shall surely live." Matt. 19 : 17: "If thou wilt enter into 
 life, keep the commandments." As pure life is love, it 
 follows that God's law is also his 
 
 BANNER OF LOVE. 
 
 Rom. 13:10: "Love is the fulfilling of the law." Sol- 
 omon's Song 2:4: "He brought me to the banqueting 
 house, and his banner over me was love." Then let us 
 bear it as a banner of love, and not of strife and con- 
 tention. 
 
 The safet}^ of those who find refuge under God's pro- 
 
THE FOUNTAIN OF LIFE. 105 
 
 tecting banner, is faintly illustrated by a story that I once 
 read: "A man came over from Europe to the United 
 States; but, not being pleased to remain here, he went to 
 Cuba, at the time they were having civil war on that 
 island. And there, while far away from home and friends, 
 a stranger in a foreign land, he was suspected; tried, and 
 condemned as a spy. He applied to the American consul, 
 and to the British consul, who were soon convinced that 
 the man was no spy, but an honest man. So they went 
 to the Spanish officers and told them, 'The man that you 
 have condemned to be shot is not a spy.' But the offi- 
 cers replied, 'The man has been tried and condemned by 
 our court; and the law must take its course! The next 
 day, the hour appointed for the execution arrives. Here 
 stands the poor man, with the black cap drawn over his 
 eyes; and yonder the soldiers, with their loaded guns, 
 stand in line, waiting for one word from the commander, 
 and the poor man's life will be taken. But suddenly a 
 carriage drives up, and the two consuls spring out, each 
 bearing in his hand the banner of his country. Approach- 
 ing the poor man, from whom the hope of life has fled, 
 they wrap the British flag, and then the Star-spangled 
 Banner, around his body. Then the consuls turn to the 
 soldiers and say, 
 
 'FIRE ON THOSE FLAGS IF YOU DARE.' 
 
 Not a gun was fired. There were two powerful govern- 
 ments behind those banners; not a Spanish soldier would 
 dare to fire upon them." 
 
 To the soldier, whose ear is familiar with the voice of 
 war, there is meaning in the banners of earth's mightiest 
 nations. And does the banner of love, that has been 
 stained by the precious blood of the victorious Leader of 
 
106 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 the armies of heaven, have any meaning to those who 
 have enlisted under it? We have all been wandering, as 
 strangers and pilgrims in an enemy's land, and have 
 been condemned to death. And though we have been 
 really guilty, yet, if the Consul from heaven has met us 
 in a foreign land, has pardoned our offenses, has even 
 brought us to his banqueting house, and his banner over 
 us is love, there is an infinitely more powerful govern- 
 ment behind that banner; and if we abide under the 
 shadow of its protecting folds, all the 
 
 HEAVY ARTILLERY OF EARTH AND HELL 
 
 will not be able to roll one wave of trouble against our 
 peaceful refuge; but, finding a welcome in the eternal 
 home of the glorious Captain of our salvation, we shall 
 be forever secure. 
 
 Then who would not forsake the black banner of the 
 prince of darkness, and enlist under the banner of truth, 
 the banner of light, the banner of life, the banner of 
 love? 
 
 Oh, listen to 
 
 THE LAST, THE SWEETEST GOSPEL INVITATION! 
 
 Rev. 22:17: "And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. 
 And let him that heareth say, Come. And let him that 
 i athirst come. And whosoever will, lot him take the 
 water of life freely." 
 
THE CONFLICT. 
 
 Before the sunlight smiled upon the earth, 
 
 Or moonbeam danced upon the ocean wave, 
 
 Beside eternity's bright morning star, 
 
 Sat TRUTH, upon her glorious golden throne; 
 
 And in her strong right hand the scepter swayed 
 
 O'er boundless realms of purity and peace; 
 
 While that great clock, whose wheels are rolling spheres. 
 
 Its slow revolving ages measured off; 
 
 In such deep silence ever moving on, 
 
 Its sweetly solemn tone is never heard, 
 
 Save in the deep, still chambers of the heart 
 
 Of him whose silent soul communes with heaven. 
 
 There came at length the day, and that dark hour, 
 
 When Falsehood had its birth; the first-born son 
 
 Of one cast out from 'midst the stones of fire. 
 
 And when the earth was formed, a home for man, 
 
 Then from her throne, on brightest pinions, down 
 
 Through star-gemmed regions of the upper deep, 
 
 Truth, robed in light and beauty, winged her way 
 
 Downward, still downward, passing worlds unknown, 
 
 On mercy's friendly mission moving forth, 
 
 With song celestial, sought our new-born earth. 
 
 And in her hand she bore the priceless boon 
 
 Of joy and peace, for all who dwell below. 
 
 But scarcely is it pressed to human lips, 
 
 When FALSEHOOD, in his malice creeping, forth, 
 
 His inky poison mingles in the cup. 
 
 Oh, first sad hour in all the flight of time, 
 
 (108) 
 
THE CONFLICT. 109 
 
 That saw man drink the intoxicating cup 
 
 That crazed his brain, and dimmed his mental sight, 
 
 And hid from view the purer bliss of heaven! 
 
 When thus insulted, slighted, scorned, and grieved, 
 
 Truth spreads her shining wings and heavenward soars; 
 
 And Falsehood spreads o'er earth his midnight pall. 
 
 My harp is on the willows hung ; 
 And now my song in sadness weeps. 
 
 lovely Truth, return! return! 
 
 Is this thine everlasting flight? 
 Return to earth, to bless our race, 
 
 And drive away this dark, dark night. 
 
 Hark! echoed from the upper dome, 
 
 What song, celestial, greets mine ear? 
 Singing to man of hope and home, 
 
 The voice of Truth, so loud and clear. 
 
 Some notes I hear, in that sweet song, 
 
 That lift my drooping spirits higher. 
 There comes a mighty Conqueror, strong, 
 
 To bruise the head of Falsehood's sire. 
 
 That song rolls down the ages still, 
 
 Xor shall its echoes ever die, 
 But echo on from hill to hill, 
 
 Till all have heard beneath the sky. 
 
 But what is that discordant sound, 
 
 From lower regions seems to rise, 
 That seeks the voice of Truth to drown 
 
 With its hoarse, jarring, dismal cries? 
 
110 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Tis Falsehood's voice, though coarse and rough, 
 Succeeds the human ear to charm, 
 
 Nor is Truth's music sweet enough 
 To win man from the tyrant's arm. 
 
 Truth's song was heard in Enoch's day; 
 
 Its notes of music thrilled his soul. 
 His voice caught up the swelling lay, 
 
 And bade its echoes onward roll. 
 
 "Behold," said he, "the Lord will come, 
 
 Attended by ten thousand saints." 
 Then all will stand before him dumb 
 
 Who uttered here their false complaints. 
 
 He will convince, with judgments just, 
 All who have walked in Falsehood's ways, 
 
 And who have followed their own lust, 
 
 With swelling words given men the praise. 
 
 With hearts grown hard, in Enoch's time, 
 They turned away their calloused ears; 
 
 Their guilty hands were stained with crime; 
 They heeded not his prayers and tears. 
 
 Then Enoch dropped his earthly lyre, 
 And upward took his heavenly flight, 
 
 Where now he joins the angel choir, 
 In realms of everlasting light. 
 
 Moses, while in the mount of God, 
 Received the heavenly song in prose, 
 
 Lo! Israel's sons to idols nod, 
 
 As down the sacred mount he goes, 
 
THE CONFLICT. 
 
 But David took that mountain prose, 
 
 And wove it in poetic verse; 
 And from his harp those notes arose 
 
 That charmed the earth before the curse. 
 
 Elijah heard the still, small voice; 
 
 While walking through the midst of foes 
 He made the path of Truth his choice, 
 
 And in a fiery chariot rose. 
 
 Isaiah sings Messiah's praise, 
 
 And of that blissful rei^n of peace, 
 
 When, throned with Truth through endless days, 
 His government shall still increase. 
 
 Ezekiel says, "Iniquity 
 
 Shall have, at last, a final end, 
 And Falsehood's father be consumed; 
 
 His ashes with the earth shall blend ; 
 
 "And Falsehood's rule be thrice o'erturned; 
 
 And He whose right it is to reign 
 Shall be established on His throne, 
 
 And Falsehood never rise again." 
 
 So faint the notes of Truth become, 
 As down the years of time they roll, 
 
 They seem almost to lose their power 
 To wake the slumbers of the soul. 
 
 But Falsehood's voice, in louder tones, 
 
 Is filling all the earth with noise; 
 Though all his notes are human groans, 
 
 He still can make men's hearts his toys. 
 
"GLORY IN THE HIGHEST, GLORY, M 
 
THE CONFLICT. 113 
 
 But hark! Celestial strains once more 
 Are heard afar o'er Bethlehem's plain. 
 
 Does lovely Truth sail near our shore, 
 That earth may hear her song again? 
 
 Did ever Memnon's melting strain 
 Sweep the heart-strings with such power? 
 
 Or bind it with such mystic chain, 
 As at this silent midnight hour? 
 
 Hark! Oh, hear the wondrous story! 
 
 Angels, sound the notes again! 
 "Glory in the highest, glory! 
 
 Peace on earth, good- will to men!" 
 
 Now one appears of Israel's race, 
 
 Who hears that sweet voice sounding still, 
 The wilderness his dwelling place; 
 
 Truth's softest tones his heart could thrill. 
 
 His voice, by prophet long foretold, 
 To action stirred the souls of men. 
 
 As o'er the gathering throng it rolled, 
 They longed to hear his words again. 
 
 "Ye sons of men, prepare," he cries, 
 "The way for Him who comes to save ; 
 
 Make straight His paths; for He shall rise, 
 And o'er the earth his scepter wave." 
 
 Then comes to earth the Prince of Peace ; 
 
 And Truth in human robes appears, 
 From Falsehood's fetters to release, 
 
 And wipe away the bitter tears. 
 8 
 
THE CONFLICT. 115 
 
 He spake as never man before. 
 
 He taught the law of truth and love; 
 And bade his followers evermore 
 
 Proclaim the message from above. 
 
 Enraged, now Adam's deadly foe, 
 Who holds in bondage all his race, 
 
 Would lay the second Adam low, 
 And hold him chained in death's embrace. 
 
 Xor solid rock, nor death, nor hell 
 
 Can hold him down when he would rise. 
 
 Go, wondering men and angels, tell 
 
 His flight in triumph through the skies. 
 
 And now the song with greater power 
 Rolls o'er the distant plains of earth, 
 
 Proclaims to man salvation's hour, 
 That all may know its priceless worth. 
 
 But lo, what work has Falsehood made, 
 Since man first listened to his voice! 
 
 His fair domain in ruin laid, 
 
 An emblem of his foolish choice. 
 
 This cunning foe of Adam's race 
 
 Has ever mocked the work of Heaven 
 
 With counterfeits, to fill the place 
 
 Of that pure worship Truth had given. 
 
 At first he turned his blinded slave, 
 
 From Him who made the earth and sky, 
 
 To lifeless gods that can not save, 
 
 That can not hear them when they cry. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 117 
 
 And then to turn bis thoughts away 
 
 From Him who made the heaven and earth, 
 
 He mocks the great memorial day 
 That celebrates creation's birth. 
 
 He sets apart, insultingly, 
 
 A day to celebrate the sun; 
 And triumphs then, exultingly, 
 
 As men indorse what he has done. 
 
 Then, what amazing blasphemy! 
 
 So have his impious crimes increased, 
 "The mystery of iniquity" 
 
 Would counterfeit our great High Priest. 
 
 No more can he deceive the world 
 
 With idols dumb, that have no life; 
 For Truth her shining beams has hurled 
 
 O'er all this dark, broad field of strife. 
 
 And now, that he, from west to east, 
 
 May rule them with his sorcerer's rod, 
 He tells them that his great high priest, 
 
 Established on the earth, is God. 
 
 On this false rock he seeks to build 
 
 His church, e'en Babylon the Great, 
 Whose realm shall be with darkness filled, 
 
 As his own heart is filled with hate. 
 
 Then, in his tabernacle new, 
 
 He sits, with arrogance and pride, 
 And rnocks the tabernacle true, 
 
 And tries the book of truth to hide. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 119 
 
 The righteous law of Truthi and love, 
 With hate, he tramples in the dust ; 
 
 And boasts that now he sits above 
 Its glorious Author, who is just. 
 
 In Luther's soul the living flame 
 Aroused him in his darkened cell. 
 
 He, in down-trodden Freedom's name, 
 Boldly defies the powers of hell. 
 
 The false priest trembles on his throne. 
 
 That spark of reformation fire 
 Shall sweep the earth from zone to zone, 
 
 Till all these midnight shades retire. 
 
 A star of hope is rising high 
 O'er the benighted sons of men. 
 
 And voices echo from the sky, 
 
 "Truth crushed to earth shall rise again.'' 
 
 And rising now, lo! who is he 
 
 That doth majestically stand, 
 With one foot on the rolling sea, 
 
 The other on the trembling land? 
 
 His robe, a cloud, a glorious one. 
 . His crown, a radiant rainbow beamed. 
 His face was like the blazing sun. 
 His feet as fiery pillars gleamed. 
 
 His hand held out an open book. 
 
 He cried, as when a lion roars; 
 His voice, like echoing thunders, shook 
 
 The earth to its remotest shores. 
 
120 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Behold, he lifts to heaven his hand, 
 And swears by Him who ever lives, 
 
 Who made the heaven, and sea, and land. 
 Hark! while the judgment hour he gives. 
 
 Ye nations, stand before him dumb; 
 
 And hear his voice from shore to shore: 
 "The hour of judgment now is come ; 
 
 The time foretold, shall be no more." 
 
 A voice from Babylon now is heard ; 
 
 The harlot mother makes reply, 
 "I don't believe the prophet's word." 
 
 Her daughters answer, "Nor do I." 
 
 "I will not yield to God's command." 
 The daughters answer, "No, nor I." 
 
 "We'll keep the customs of our land," 
 Then every daughter echoes, "I." 
 
 And she has made all nations drink 
 
 Falsehood's intoxicating wine, 
 Lest any soul should pause to think, 
 
 And know the message is divine. 
 
 Another angel now proclaims 
 
 The fall of Babylon the Great, 
 Because she, with such liquid flames. 
 
 All nations did intoxicate. 
 
 "The conflict deepens! Rouse, ye brave!" 
 Come, with the Spirit's sword in hand, 
 
 The precious law of Truth to save; 
 Its power proclaim in every land. . 
 
THE CONFLICT. 121 
 
 An angel rising from the east, 
 Now bore aloft the seal of God ; 
 
 To crown, while war's loud thunder ceased, 
 All who the narrow way have trod. 
 
 To his loud voice, all nations, hark! 
 
 "All who to serve the beast combine, 
 Or in their hand receive his mark, 
 
 Shall drink of wrath, unmingled wine." 
 
 But still, in their delirious dreams, 
 The brain-bewildered sons of men 
 
 Fill all the air with horrid screams, 
 And drink the poisoned cup again. 
 
 Hark! 'mid all these empty noises, 
 VTbat melodious sounds I hear, 
 
 Wafted from angelic voices, 
 Sweetly falling on mine ear, 
 
 Glad tidings of the coming One, 
 
 Resounding through the air! 
 Awake! arouse! freedom's son, 
 
 Go forth to do and dare. 
 
 The last fierce battle is begun. 
 
 Who takes the side of Truth? 
 Her voice now calls for every one. 
 
 Enlist, ye noble youth. 
 
 Unfurl the banner o'er the land, 
 
 And loud the trumpet blow. 
 The day of vengeance is at hand! 
 
 Let all the nations know. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 123 
 
 And while the furious battle raged, 
 From heaven, with mighty power, 
 
 An angel clothed with light came down 
 To speak the fatal hour 
 
 When Babylon should meet her doom; 
 
 Her sins have reached to heaven; 
 Here on the earth no longer room 
 
 Shall unto her be given. 
 
 As she, from out her poisonous cup, 
 
 Adds trouble to our trouble, 
 So let the fierce plagues eat her up, 
 
 And double to her double. 
 
 For she has lived deliciously, 
 
 In courts of cruel kings, 
 While mocking, most maliciously, 
 
 All consecrated things. 
 
 In vain the murmuring merchants mourn. 
 
 Now who will buy those rolls 
 Of dainty goods their ships have borne, 
 
 And slaves, and human souls? 
 
 A mighty angel took a stone 
 
 And dropped it in the sea, 
 And said that thus, when overthrown, 
 
 Shall Babylon ever be. 
 
 Now earth is one great battle field, 
 
 And fiercer grows the strife. 
 Will Truth to countless numbers yield 
 
 Or struggle now for life? 
 
124 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Now Falsehood dares, in open day, 
 
 The God of heaven defy, 
 And, with a horrid oath, to say 
 
 The little flock shall die. 
 
 Then from the little flock arose 
 
 One agonizing prayer: 
 "Oh! save us from our deadly foes 
 
 Lord, thy people spare!" 
 
 Hark! louder than the thunder's roll, 
 A voice now shakes the heaven, 
 
 And shakes the earth from pole to pole; 
 The firmament is riven. 
 
 And now the opening heavens display 
 
 The glorious King of kings, 
 In heaven's magnificent array. 
 
 Salvation, lo! he brings. 
 
 See heaven's armies riding forth, 
 
 On horses purely white, 
 To sweep rebellion from the earth, 
 
 And vindicate the right. 
 
 An angel, standing in the sun, 
 
 Cries to the fowls of heaven, 
 "All to the royal banquet come, 
 
 Where flesh of kings is given." 
 
 Now Falsehood marshals all his hosts, 
 
 Gathered from every land, 
 And in his desperation boasts, 
 
 'Gainst heaven he'll take his stand. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 125 
 
 Then Truth, flying downward as swift as the light, 
 
 She seized, with her powerful hand, 
 And tore the invisible curtain of night 
 
 From over our sin-darkened land. 
 
 (Our minds seem here to fly off in a tangent to the 
 first stanza of that grand epic poem : 
 
 'When Freedom, from her mountain height, 
 
 Unfurled her standard in the air, 
 She tore the azure robe of night, 
 
 And set the stars of glory there. 
 She mingled with its glorious dyes 
 The milky baldrick of the skies, 
 And striped its pure celestial white 
 With streakings of the morning light." 
 
 The connecting thought is this, that when this beauti- 
 ful poetic picture of the American flag is presented before 
 our minds, as we fix our eyes for a moment upon those 
 "stars of glory" and those "streaks of light," we almost 
 
126 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 seem to see the "gleams of the golden morning;" but 
 when the roar of the raging conflict awakens us from 
 that pleasing dream, behold, "the azure robe of night" 
 still hangs as a pall of darkness above our heads. 
 
 "There was a sound of revelry by night, 
 And Belgium's capital 
 No, Beelzebub's capital, Babylon the Great, 
 
 "Had gathered there" her shadowy chivalry. 
 And the legions of Falsehood, in their blind mad- 
 ness, were still rushing on to battle in the darkness. 
 But that glorious morn will break, and the shadows 
 flee away ; and, encouraged by this hope, and with a 
 desire to follow the "conflict" on toward the dawn of 
 that glad morning, we now retrace the tangent.) 
 
 When Truth, flying downward as swift as the light, 
 
 Shall seize with her powerful hand, 
 And tear the invisible curtain of night 
 
 From over our sin-darkened land, 
 
 Then the legions of Falsehood in agony lie; 
 
 Their courage has suddenly flown. 
 "Ye mountains and rocks on us fall," they all cry, 
 
 ''Hide us all from the King on the throne." 
 
 The lightnings now flash from the two-edged sword 
 
 The legions of Falsehood lie dead. 
 The Prince of salvation has spoken one word; 
 
 All the fowls with their flesh are now fed. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 127 
 
 Conquered Falsehood has then but one place he can dwell, 
 
 And so to that bosom retreats, 
 Where, chained with his father, and cast down to hell, 
 
 His sentence, the judgment, awaits. 
 
 Oh, Truth in glad triumph then spreads her bright wings, 
 
 And rising toward heaven she soars; 
 And the grand, glorious anthem of victory she sings, 
 
 Reechoes from heavenly shores! 
 
 Its melody seems all creation to fill, 
 
 And the angels all join in the chorus. 
 His people, immortal, their glad voices thrill 
 
 With, "Praise to our King who reigns o'er us." 
 
 Ye stars of creation, come witness the sight, 
 
 This retinue rising in glory, 
 All moving toward heaven through regions of light. 
 
 Oh, publish the wonderful story! 
 
 All worlds gaze in wonder as onward they move. 
 
 All hearts to their music are beating. 
 May not every creature the moment improve, 
 
 And come to this heavenly meeting? 
 
 And now they approach the pure city of gold, 
 Whose walls with bright glory are gleaming, 
 
 And a grand note of triumph before them is rolled 
 To the pearly gates, beautifully beaming. 
 
 "Oh, lift up your heads, ye beautiful gates; 
 
 Lift them up, everlasting doors! 
 Before them the great King of glory awaits, 
 
 With jewels from earth's darkened shores," 
 
128 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Then the angels within cry, "Who is the King 
 
 Of glory that comes to these gates?" 
 And the angels without triumphantly shout, 
 
 While the Conqueror patiently waits: 
 
 "The Lord, strong and mighty; in battle how strong! 
 
 Now lift up your heads, O ye gates, to your King, 
 Ye doors everlasting;" with notes loud and long, 
 
 The angels in triumph exultingly sing. 
 
 "Who is King of glory?" They love that sweet name; 
 
 Repeating the story, 'tis ever the same. 
 "The Lord of all hosts, he of glory is King," 
 
 All voices united triumphantly sing. 
 
 "We have a strong city;" its palaces ring; 
 
 "Salvation for bulwarks and walls." 
 "Ye pearly gates open," the voice of the King 
 
 On the ear, with rich melody falls. 
 
 The angels all listen to hear his sweet voice; 
 
 The pearly gates glisten; the ransomed rejoice. 
 "Come, righteous nation, my law ye obeyed! 
 
 Accept my salvation, no longer delayed. 
 
 "Come, enter your home in the city of gold; 
 
 Sweet rest in its mansions you'll find. 
 Come, walk through its streets, while its glories unfold. 
 
 Once, for you, this bright home I resigned." 
 
 They enter the beautiful dwelling of Truth, 
 
 And eat of the life-giving tree. 
 They bloom in the glory of unfading youth, 
 
 From sorrow eternally free. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 129 
 
 thousand years of peaceful rest! 
 
 thousand years of glory! 
 Shall I be numbered with the blest, 
 
 And sing redemption's story ? 
 
 And now, that God's great universe 
 
 May be forever loyal, 
 And all may understand the curse 
 
 That marred his kingdom royal, 
 
 Behold the black, chaotic home 
 
 Of Falsehood and his sire, 
 Where they a thousand years shall roam, 
 
 Until the day of fire! 
 
 And when a thousand years have rolled, 
 
 That justice may be shown, 
 All who were found in Falsehood's fold, 
 
 Must stand before the throne. 
 
 And as that mighty rebel host 
 
 Awake again to life, 
 Falsehood flies quickly through their ranks, 
 
 And stirs them up to strife. 
 
 In countless numbers they surround 
 
 The city fair, from heaven. 
 \Vith shoutings, o'er their battle ground, 
 
 The very air is riven. 
 
 Then Falsehood's father makes his boast, 
 "That city shall be taken." 
 But suddenly that rebel host 
 With terror wild is shak< 
 9 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
130 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Behold, the sword of Truth on high 
 
 Is now drawn out before them, 
 And flashes lightning from the sky 
 
 In showers of vengeance o'er them. 
 
 Behold the great rebellion crushed, 
 
 And Falsehood overpowered. 
 All who in his broad road have rushed, 
 
 With him are now devoured. 
 
 The earth from sin is purified ; 
 
 And Truth is now invited 
 To come, and on the earth abide, 
 
 With Peace and Love united. 
 
 Sailing down, she is singing a soul-melting strain; 
 
 On the wall of the city she lights. 
 Every voice throughout all the creation again 
 
 In the loud-pealing chorus unites: 
 
 "All blessing and honor and glory and power, 
 
 Be given to Him on the throne ; 
 And unto the Lamb, from this glorious hour, 
 
 Supreme adoration be shown." 
 
 And while the sweet years of eternity roll, 
 While roll the bright waves of life's river, 
 
 The gift of salvation inspires every soul 
 With praise to the bountiful Giver. 
 
 Paradise, then will thy glory appear ! 
 
 There will be no more shadow of night; -. 
 For then will thy dazzling splendor be here,^ 
 
 And the earth be all radiant with light. 
 
THE CONFLICT. 
 
 131 
 
 All things that have life will be loyal and brave 
 
 As long as the heavens endure, 
 And Truth's glorious banner eternally wave 
 
 O'er a universe stainless and pure. 
 
ALGOMA. 
 
 [From the diary of the agent, D. A. Owen; revised by his brother.] 
 
 ALGOMA, how I love thy name! 
 I love thy limestone rocks the same 
 As when I trod thy tamarack swamps, 
 And gathered berries 'mong the rocks. 
 
 Algoma, where I did roam, 
 And labor far away from home, 
 And tried your wayward sons to win, 
 And lead them from the paths of sin! 
 
 Algoma, I have toiled away, 
 
 From early dawn till close of day, 
 
 Down in thy cabins, with anxious soul, 
 
 To persuade thy children their names to enroll 
 
 For the book that would teach them how to go, 
 Their souls to save from death and woe, 
 And guide them safe through earth's dark night, 
 And lead them to the land of light. 
 
 From Owen Sound I took the boat, 
 Passing Lonely Island, where once did float 
 The steamer Asia; but she went down; 
 All but two of her hundred souls did drown. 
 
 The Atlantic pulled us safely through, 
 And landed us all on the Great Manitou. 
 At Manitowaning I stepped on the land, 
 And a Jesuit Indian gave me his hand. 
 (132) 
 
ALGOMA. 133 
 
 At sight of the natives I felt depressed; 
 
 They were so ill featured and strangely dressed. 
 
 Then sadness came over my soul like a pall, 
 
 But a voice seemed to say, "Make the best of it all." 
 
 I found I had come in the midst of their haying, 
 
 And soon was advised, "There's no use in your staying" 
 
 (By one who seemed morally sure that he knew). 
 
 "You can corne here again when the haying is through." 
 
 To the sweet Clover Valley I wended my way, 
 And found them all busy securing their hay. 
 The women were lending a kind helping hand, 
 As weather was "catchy" in Algoma land. 
 
 So up on the haystacks I hastened to show 
 That my work was important. The message must go. 
 There is power in the truth; it touched hearts that day; 
 They asked me to dine, and all night with them stay. 
 
 Leaving Manitowaning, Little Crescent was found, 
 Where the bare limestone rock formed the face of the 
 
 ground. 
 
 There the tall forest trees years ago had been burned ; 
 And. the deep soil of muck had to ashes been turned. 
 
 From the cracks in the rocks a new forest was springing, 
 Inviting the warblers to cheer us with singing. 
 And raspberry bushes sprang, bending with fruit, 
 From the hard fertile rocks so cold and so mute. 
 
 Leaving my horse to be well fed, 
 Through standing wheat the pathway led, 
 O'er corduroy roads that were all afloat, 
 To where huge Indians were loading a boat. 
 
134 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 But there was found, at close of day, 
 A pretty village by the bay. 
 Then six good orders from the flock 
 Of fishers living on the rock. 
 
 They all agreed that delivering day 
 Would find the money with Mr. McKay. 
 But it proved again, as you've often heard, 
 That "men do not always keep their word." 
 
 McKay was a Scotchman, whose strength had been tried. 
 
 A dollar induced him to venture as guide. 
 
 He took four of the books, and I carried two. 
 
 From bog to bog stepping, we found our way through. 
 
 Just as midnight was trying its silence to keep, 
 We found all the fishermen fast asleep. 
 Mr. Richie arose and examined the book 
 Which, after an hour, he finally took. 
 
 I slept better then, because I well knew 
 
 Mr. Richie was boss of that fishermen crew. 
 
 I was working again before break of day; 
 
 Soon the men in their boats would be speeding away. 
 
 Limestone rocks at Gore Bay were two hundred feet high ; 
 And their shells seemed to tell that in years long gone by 
 The briny ocean did toss and roll 
 Over Algoma with full control. 
 
 It was sixty miles to Meldrom Bay, 
 With a very rough road nearly all the way. 
 The two-wheeled cart to and fro would swing, 
 And the rider almost to the ground would fling. 
 
ALGOMA. 135 
 
 \ 
 
 When eight miles of cedar swamp were past, 
 One lone human dwelling appeared at last. 
 But the place was so heavily mortgaged away 
 That the man had no money for books to pay. 
 
 He told me no prospects were on my way 
 Until I arrived at Meldrom Bay. 
 Completely discouraged, I decided to stay 
 With Walker's son, and return the next day. 
 
 Then I found I had lost a horseshoe nail, 
 And dare not return o'er that dismal trail. 
 So on to Meldrom I must go; 
 For Providence seemed to order it so. 
 
 This last place on the island soon yielded eight orders. 
 Could I ever deliver, and escape from these borders? 
 The mud was so deep with mire and muck 
 That, with my two-wheeled cart, I nearly got stuck. 
 
 But when the time came that my books were on hand, 
 One who had battled the storms by sea and by land, 
 Hitched up his nice team and took me around; 
 And thus a way through the mud was found. 
 
 Returning to the southern shore, 
 Those limestone plains I see no more, 
 But granite rocks on every hand 
 Are towering high above the land. 
 
 And sparkling streams are rushing through 
 
 From rocky beds and chasms too. 
 
 But mid-October now is come, 
 
 And snow comes gently falling down. 
 
136 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 January 9 sad news I learned, 
 My house in my native land was burned. 
 But my fears were calmed when I was assured 
 How my wife and children the trial endured. 
 
 As the winter advances, the weather grows colder. 
 Is the canvasser bold? He must still become bolder. 
 Though the cold winter pinches his fingers and toes, 
 He can tell of some beauties he sees where he goes. 
 
 In Algoma the cold is thirty-six below, 
 While deep and still deeper falls the snow. 
 The air is stirred by the music of bells, 
 As sleighs go jingling through the dells. 
 
 Higher and higher the snow is piled, 
 O'er houses and meadows, and forests wild, 
 On all the stumps, rocks, logs, and rails; 
 Every tree is rigged out with snowy sails. 
 
 Spruce and hemlock boughs are bending low, 
 And all things are loaded with loads of snow; 
 And scarcely a zephyr moves in the air, 
 As Algoma sits for her picture fair. 
 
 And now we halt and look within, 
 To see our soul all stained with sin; 
 But what a happy thought to know 
 Jesus can make it white as snow ! 
 
 As signs are thickening all around, 
 The agent hastens o'er his ground. 
 With zeal he presses on his way, 
 Laboring ten or twelve hours a day. 
 
ALGOMA. 137 
 
 In eighty-eight hours after the loss of his dwelling 
 He took eighty-eight orders of those who were willing. 
 These eighty-eight orders so rapidly taken 
 Xow give the assurance that he is not forsaken. 
 
 white-robed Algoma, when thy picture is taken, 
 Why are thy white tresses so fearfully shaken? 
 And while T am telling of all of thy glory, 
 And have been writing out thy wonderful story, 
 
 Having just sent it home to Willie and Lura, 
 Why hast thou turned on me in all of thy fury? 
 The snap of thy kodak wakes zephyrs and breezes; 
 As they changed to a blast, how it pinches and freezes ! 
 
 Then it turns to a gale, like the work of some wizard 
 The gale to a tempest, and then to a blizzard. 
 The driving snowflakes filled the air ; 
 The storm was howling everywhere. 
 
 It beat against the agent's face, 
 As the snowy road he tried to trace. 
 The drifting snow fast filled the track. 
 The storm king tried to drive him back. 
 
 On through the tempest wild he pressed, 
 And hoped to reach a place of rest. 
 From the snow-covered track he was led astray; 
 In the blinding storm he lost his way. 
 
 Lost 'mid the deep'ning snows that drift 
 Around the snow-clad rocks that lift 
 Their ghostly forms so high in air, 
 And from every side upon him stare. 
 
138 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Say, do not try to scare me so, 
 But tell me now which way to go. 
 The gloomy rocks their silence keep. 
 Must I among them fall asleep, 
 
 And perish here so far from home ? 
 To this strange land why did I roam ? 
 Must wife and children sorrowing wait 
 And weep, but never know my fate ? 
 
 Why did I roam? Twas for His cause 
 Who gave to us His righteous laws; 
 For Him who all our blessings gave ; 
 For Him who now has power to save; 
 
 For Him whose love our hearts can warm ; 
 For Him who rules the raging storm. 
 Perhaps He now will hear my prayer; 
 Perhaps He yet my life will spare. 
 
 Father, whose all-seeing eye 
 Beholds this tempest sweeping by; 
 Whose ear can hear the wanderer's cry, 
 Oh, do not leave me here to die; 
 
 But gently lead me by thy hand, 
 To serve thee in some other land ! 
 Nor does he in this time of need 
 His wandering child refuse to lead. 
 
 And I no longer stem the tide, 
 And wander on without a guide. 
 
 1 yield. By the dim snowy track 
 By which I came, I follow back. 
 
AI.GOMA. 130 
 
 But was this battle given up 
 With having tasted of the cup? 
 Xo; after resting for the night, 
 He rises for another fight. 
 
 And as another day dawns o'er him, 
 A fiercer battle is before him. 
 The biggest shell that has struck him yet 
 Was a snow-bank that his sleigh upset. 
 
 A runaway was the next ceremony, 
 To try, in deep snow, the speed of the pony. 
 By the lines the agent was drawn along, 
 Until the pony was wearied down. 
 
 After this, another stormy day; 
 
 And, with seventy-seven books in his sleigh, 
 
 He started out in a blizzard storm ; 
 
 The snow-banks would almost hide the form 
 
 Of the pony as he went plunging through, 
 And then again would appear in view, 
 But soon became weary and wallowed down, 
 And then no other way was found 
 
 Except for the agent to dig him out. 
 
 Then all of the rig he turned about, 
 
 Went back to King's barn with horse and sleigh, 
 
 And there he concluded to let them stay. 
 
 And now he engages in heavier labors, 
 Carrying books on his back to several neighbors, 
 With the help of a man to carry his load; 
 With lantern in hand, over snow-banks they strode. 
 
140 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Behind a rock the moon arose. 
 
 The night so cold they almost froze. 
 
 A youth takes three books and pilots him round; 
 
 Through hemlock groves sheltered roads were found. 
 
 At a house he delivered a part of his load, 
 
 And found two stout Scotch boys to help break the road. 
 
 They trampled a pathway for most half a mile, 
 
 And he entered Me Arthur's house with a smile. 
 
 Arriving at nine, he waited till ten ; 
 
 And then McArthur came home again. 
 
 His neighbor was sick, that was what made him go, 
 
 And then to his armpits wade back in the snow. 
 
 The agent was wading before break of day, 
 Finding people at breakfast when two miles away. 
 He received one kind favor at a country store, 
 Where he stopped with some books and delivered four. 
 
 For these four subscribers, the burden was lifted. 
 He scarcely could reacli them, the snow was so drifted. 
 At that place a pair of fine snowshoes he bought, 
 Which, no doubt, by some Indian were carefully wrought. 
 
 That same night he traveled as far as Smith's farm, 
 Where he and his pony were sheltered from harm. 
 While crossing the road in the cold, driving storm, 
 A fine Highland Scotchman, with heart true and warm, 
 
 Was walking in snowshoes, with lantern in hand. 
 As they met in the highway, they came to a stand. 
 Back to Smith's, and the Scotchman, collecting some pay, 
 Paid the bill for six books, and then took them awav. 
 
ALGOMA. 141 
 
 By the honest look upon his face, 
 The smiling agent seemed to trace 
 The thought that he must love the truth, 
 Perhaps had sought it from his youth. 
 
 Now let the scoffing skeptic cavil; 
 But the agent was saved nine miles of travel. 
 On him kind Providence seemed to smile, 
 And pour down blessings all the while. 
 
 He continued his journey the following day, 
 Till in a snow-bank, discouraged, his pony lay. 
 Then over the pony a warm robe he threw, 
 And talked with a farmer of what he should do. 
 
 After digging and stamping and tramping awhile, 
 The pony pulled through the last quarter of a mile. 
 After noon the storm grew fierce and free, 
 As he jumped his sleigh o'er a fallen tree. 
 
 Reaching Smith's (as far as the road was broke), 
 Calling in, for a stay over Sabbath he spoke. 
 At four, on his snowshoes, he started that day 
 To deliver a book about one mile away. 
 
 On the top of the snow he walked aloft, 
 But soon upset in a snow-bank soft. 
 Wading heels over head was not his intention ; 
 But how he got out he will not here mention. 
 
 He would "try, try again," with resolute will; 
 For he was determined his order to fill. 
 When again on his shoes, there swept such a gale 
 As would almost make the stoutest heart quail. 
 
142 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 With cautious tread and bracing nerve, 
 He found his snowshoes well did serve. 
 Soon sheltered by a hemlock border, 
 He made the trip and filled his order. 
 
 In one small room, now eight the number, 
 How in one bed could all find slumber? 
 But soon I found in such cold weather 
 Four children trundle toes together. 
 
 From a cubby-hole came one tick more, 
 And a bed was made upon the floor. 
 The stove was kept red-hot and bright. 
 Window-panes thick with frost all night. 
 
 With two boys the agent tried to sleep. 
 Chilblains their feet astir did keep. 
 After eight days of blizzard, dawned one day fair. 
 When the sun went down, storms again tore the air. 
 
 But the agent starts out, though stormy winds blow. 
 To reach Mr. Smith's he has seven miles to go. 
 Again he is favored, finds Smith at the store, 
 Who, with his strong horse, now drives on before 
 
 But now three more days more perilous still, 
 And fourteen more books his orders to fill. 
 Another storm came, the deep snow piling higher. 
 How happy the man who can sit by the fire! 
 
 But onward, still onward, the agent must go, 
 Now riding, then tramping a road in the snow, 
 Then coaxing the pony, while freezing winds blew, 
 Till they came to a snow-bank they could not pass 
 through. 
 
ALGOMA. 143 
 
 He covered the pony and let him stand, 
 While he went to seek a helping hand. 
 Three men helped dig out the horse and sleigh, 
 And showed him a road round another way. 
 
 He delivered his books, bade Algoma good-by, 
 And his heart leaped for joy as his home he drew nigh. 
 In recounting his blessings, his trials seemed small. 
 The reward of well-doing makes up for them all. 
 
 It seemed "in green pastures" his soul had been fed, 
 And "beside the still waters" had safely been led. 
 Trials only seemed oases green by the way, 
 To give courage for battle at some future day. 
 
 He is longing to meet, on a happier shore, 
 Those for whom he has labored, and greet them once more; 
 But his face is now turned to'rd the far-setting sun ; 
 For he hopes that his labor is not yet all done. 
 
 He has heard of the isles, in the west far away, 
 Where people in darkness are waiting for day; 
 His soul is now thrilled, and his mind filled with awe, 
 On his wav to the islands that wait for God's law. 
 
BROKEN BANDS. 
 
 "Tis a time for memories and for tears. 
 
 Within the deep, still chambers of the heart," 
 
 There linger yet sweet thoughts of other days, 
 
 That, even in life's loneliest hours, 
 
 Still point their silent finger 
 
 "To the beautiful and holy visions 
 
 That have passed away," but left 
 
 Their rosy beams of light to cheer 
 
 The lonely pilgrim on whose path 
 
 The evening shadows fall; 
 
 Even as yonder setting sun, hiding his face, 
 
 Leaves richest colors on that cloud to glow, 
 
 While gently falls the sable mantle o'er the earth. 
 
 So, as I wander in this wilderness alone,- 
 
 Sweet thoughts of friends and home 
 
 Come stealing o'er the placid waters of my soul, 
 
 As breezes from some well-remembered isle 
 
 Come gently stealing o'er the quiet sea. 
 
 And so these memories come, and then 
 
 These tears; and yet my softened spirit 
 
 Does not bid them cease to flow. 
 
 I .write a line, then pause to weep, 
 
 Then write, and weep again. 
 
 the home of my childhood, 
 
 So dear to my heart; 
 Kot for splendor of wealth, 
 
 Nor the polish of art, 
 10 (145) 
 
PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 But true hands, loving hearts, 
 And bright faces were there; 
 
 'Twas melodious with songs; 
 It was hallowed by prayer. 
 
 But the years, rolling onward, 
 
 Have scattered that band, 
 As the ripe leaves of autumn 
 
 Are strewn o'er the land. 
 
 Some loveliest flowers 
 
 Have faded from view, 
 And some are transplanted 
 
 To fields that are new. 
 
 To another bright home, 
 
 On a sunny hillside, 
 Came a warm-hearted friend 
 
 As a happy young bride. 
 
 There we plucked the ripe fruit, 
 There we trellaced the vine ; 
 
 And the sunshine of love 
 In its brightness did shine. 
 
 Then there came to our Eden 
 
 A dear little child, 
 Where amid the bright flowers 
 
 It flourished and smiled. 
 
 Glad, though brief, were the summers 
 
 That our household band 
 Did eat the ripe fruits 
 
 Of that bright, sunny land. 
 
BROKEN BANDS. 147 
 
 There we builded a house, 
 But we left it to strangers; 
 
 While they gathered the clusters, 
 We went forth as rangers. 
 
 In search of lost sheep, 
 
 We've been roaming for years, 
 Sometimes with bright smiles, 
 
 And at times shedding tears. 
 
 Our daughter's been from us 
 
 To seek education 
 To fit her to share 
 
 In the work of salvation. 
 
 We have hoped that our band 
 
 May again be united; 
 But what do we hear? 
 
 Are our hopes to be blighted? 
 
 Has a student from college 
 
 Enticed her away 
 From this bright summer hind? 
 
 Oh, stay, daughter, stay! 
 
 But who is this student? 
 
 Has lie given his life 
 To the cause of the Master, 
 
 Till endeth the strife? 
 
 Is our only daughter 
 
 To stand by his side 
 Till the conflict is over, 
 
 And all have been tried? 
 
148 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Will the Lord ever guide them, 
 His way let them know? 
 
 If the Master has willed it, 
 Then go, daughter, go. 
 
 But while we, as pilgrims, 
 
 Are wandering still, 
 Our sad hearts are bowing 
 
 To His righteous will. 
 
 As we look through our tears, 
 
 We see, gleaming afar, 
 The beautiful rays 
 
 Of a bright morning star. 
 
 That star of hope tells 
 
 Of a soon-coming day, 
 When we'll meet our dear friends 
 
 Who- are now far away. 
 
 The flowers that have faded, 
 
 In freshness will bloom; 
 On our pathway no more 
 
 Fall the shadows of gloom. 
 
 No longer we'll wander 
 
 To seek for lost sheep, 
 But dwell in a home 
 
 Where we never shall weep. 
 
 "One fold and one Shepherd!" 
 
 O glorious day, 
 When friends nevermore 
 Will be scattered away! 
 
BROKEN BANDS. 149 
 
 And there with her sheaves 
 May our dear Bessie come, 
 
 And our band be united 
 In that happy home. 
 
 Our songs will be sweeter 
 On that shining strand, 
 With union forever, 
 
 AND NO BROKEN BAND. 
 
A VOICE FROM THE SUMMER LAND: 
 
 [Written at the World's Exposition, New Orleans, February 24, 18S5.] 
 
 DEAR JULIA : Your laughing card of February 20 is 
 
 received. I am glad to bear from you, if you do smile a 
 
 little sarcastically at my plaintive lay of the misty land, 
 
 Of sunshine and showers, 
 And evergreen bowers, 
 Where the many cool- winged zephyrs 
 "Do not wait to be invited, 
 Do not parley at the doorway, 
 Do not wait for word of welcome," 
 Flutter round my head so tamely ; 
 While the birds with happy voices 
 Sing among the trees so sweetly; 
 While the air is full of fragrance, 
 Full of zephyrs swiftly flying, 
 Telling tales of Julia's ha! ha! 
 Mid the snow-drifts of the northland, 
 Miles away amid the snow-drifts, 
 Where the flakes like whitest feathers, 
 Like a sea of whitest feathers, 
 Spread a blanket o'er the country, 
 Robe of white o'er all the landscape. 
 Turn about, ye northern zephyrs; 
 Change your course, ye swift-winged zephyrs. 
 Now I'll name you southern zephyrs ; 
 And I'll send you on a mission 
 To the lady 'mid the snow-drifts 
 (150) 
 
A VOICE FROM THE SUMMER LAND. 151 
 
 Piled around her in the northland. 
 
 As the bee amid the clover, 
 
 With his armor coated over 
 
 With the pollen of the flower, 
 
 Tarries not for shady bower, 
 
 Nor for sunshine, nor for shower, 
 
 Moves swift along his trackless road, 
 
 And homeward bears his precious load, 
 
 So, swift-winged zephyrs, quickly seize 
 
 The odor of the orange trees, 
 
 And grasp the sunshine in thy hand, 
 
 And bear them to that northern land. 
 
 Fly quick, and fill my lady's room 
 
 With sunshine bright, and sweet perfume; 
 
 And tell her, could she come to me, 
 
 Swift sailing o'er that snowy sea, 
 
 I'd show her where those odors grow ; 
 
 And where the sunshine's warmer glow 
 
 Forbids the fall of winter snow; 
 
 And where the birds, in vernal bowers, 
 
 Sing amid refreshing showers, 
 
 Making glad the misty hours. 
 
 Hither, to the Crescent City, 
 
 Where the world may find a welcome, 
 
 Rushing hither o'er the railroads, 
 
 On the crowded roaring steam cars, 
 
 Hither drifting in the sailboats, 
 
 In the little boats with paddles, 
 
 And the mighty ocean steamers, 
 
 Plowing through the foaming billows, 
 
 With their flags of many colors, 
 
 Flags of every tribe and nation ; 
 
 And from all its tributaries, 
 
152 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Down the mighty Mississippi, 
 From the states and territories, 
 Floating down in boats and barges, 
 Rolling in from every portion 
 Of this mighty Union nation, 
 And from every clime and country, 
 To this orange-growing city, 
 To this great warm-hearted city, 
 To the noble Crescent City, 
 Comes the wealth of earth and ocean. 
 North and south meet here as brothers, 
 Hand in hand as friendly brothers; 
 East and west shake hands together. 
 Shadows of the past forgotten, 
 Peace sits perched on every banner. 
 Richest ores from Rocky Mountains, 
 Sheaves of grain from all the prairies, 
 Golden ears from richest corn fields, 
 Coming in from every valley. 
 Choicest fruit from bending orchards, 
 Fills the air with welcome odors. 
 Mexico sends in her silver, 
 Mighty lump of shining silver, 
 Lump of many thousand pounds. 
 From the desert comes the ostrich, 
 And the lion from the jungle, 
 And the leopard and the tiger, 
 Here, within the Crescent City, 
 Stand before you, tame and harmless, 
 Stand as emblems true and faithful 
 Of the better day that's coming. 
 And the mammoth elephantus, 
 From the Arctic iceberg region, 
 
A VOICE FROM THE SUMMER LAND. 153 
 
 Where he walked before the deluge, 
 Like a mountain stands before you. 
 Every wonderful invention 
 Some for war, and some for peace 
 More than I have time to mention, 
 Shows how ''knowledge" does "increase." 
 Singing birds from distant climes, 
 With the sweetest clarion note, 
 Shame the tolling brazen chimes, 
 As warbling through the air they float. 
 But what are all these charms to me, 
 While that cold, northern, snowy sea 
 Holds, and will not let her go, 
 The lady 'mid the drifts of snow? 
 
THE BURIAL MOUND OF KALAMAZOO 
 
 1864. 
 
 HERE peacefully rest, 
 Thou bold chief of the wild men. 
 No warwhoop shall wake thee; 
 Thy battles are o'er. 
 
 Here, 'neath this green mound, 
 Thy brave warriors around thee, 
 Shall stir the night air 
 With their songs nevermore 
 
 The smoke of thy wigwam 
 With flown years has vanished. 
 The dust of thy dwelling- 
 Is strewn o'er the plain. 
 
 Thy "raven-haired children" 
 By strangers were banished ; 
 For none could enslave them, 
 Nor bind with a chain. 
 
 The feet of the white men 
 Are trampling o'er thee; 
 They rear their strange wigwams 
 All over the plain, 
 
 On the land that was thine 
 And thy father's before thee; 
 But a thousand old oaks 
 To thy memory remain. 
 (154) 
 
THE BURIAL MOUND OF KALAMAZOO. 155 
 
 Here still lives thy name, 
 As the name of their village; 
 Tho all thy brave sons 
 Have been driven away ; 
 
 And that proud rolling river 
 That once bore thy children 
 On its waves, while they roll, 
 Let thy name ever stay. 
 
 1893. 
 
 Now where is that nation, 
 The nation of wild men? 
 I've followed their trail 
 To'rd the far-setting sun. 
 
 It leads o'er the mountains 
 And down to the ocean. 
 Say, where is the redman, 
 His dog, and his gun ? 
 
156 PERILS AND POSSIBILITIES. 
 
 Sometimes I pick up 
 
 A stone arrow or hatchet. 
 
 The hand that once formed them 
 
 Has long been at rest. 
 
 From the lakes to the gulf, 
 And from ocean to ocean, 
 Their footprints I trace, 
 Ever turn to the west. 
 
 And here, as I stand 
 Near the rolling Pacific, 
 I fancy I see 
 The last moccasin track; 
 
 But the undertow telleth 
 No tale to the white man ; 
 The treacherous tide 
 Bringeth no answer hack. 
 
158 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 2. BONY SYSTEM. 
 
 BONES ( 
 
 Composition 
 
 Form 
 
 Tissues 
 
 Canals 
 
 Joints 
 
 YI Animal. 
 2 /z Mineral. 
 
 / Long. 
 J Short. 
 ) Irregular. 
 ( Flat. 
 
 | Compact. 
 ( Cancellous. 
 
 I Medullary (marrow vessels). 
 < Haversian (blood vessels). 
 (. Canaliculi (connect cells). 
 
 ( Hinge ~\ Lubricated 
 
 Ball & Socket j- by 
 ( Gliding j Synovia. 
 
 22 
 
 (" Head, 
 
 Divisions j Trunk, 52 ^ 200. 
 
 ( Extremities, 126 
 
 C Support. 
 
 Functions -I Protection. 
 ( Motion. 
 
 f Food. 
 
 / Necessities < Exercise. 
 ( Rest. 
 
 Hygiene 
 
 CARTILAGES. 
 LIGAMENTS. 
 
 \ C Spine. 
 
 v Habits Injuring -j Ribs. 
 ( Feet. 
 
 Periosteum. 
 
 i 
 
 MEMBRANES < Pvudosteurn. 
 ( Synovial. 
 
APPENDIX. 159 
 
 No. 2. B. S. 
 
 c. 
 
 lH 
 
 A. 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 is: 
 
 IF'. 
 
 
 T. 
 
 {C. 
 
 t c. 
 
 
 
 ( M. 
 
 (m. v.) 
 
 C. 
 
 H. 
 
 (b. V.) 
 
 
 (c. 
 
 (c. c.) 
 
 \J. 
 
 ( H. 
 B. 
 
 (G. 
 
 & S. ( L. S. 
 
 D. 
 
 ( H 
 
 T. 
 
 IE. 
 
 , 22) 
 , 52 }- 200. 
 , 126} 
 
 
 r s. 
 
 
 F. 
 
 p - 
 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 (F. 
 
 
 ( N 
 
 E. 
 
 
 
 IR. 
 
 \ H. 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 (H 
 
 rs. 
 
 . I. R. 
 
 C. 
 
 L. 
 
 P. 
 
 M. -( E. 
 
 S. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 3. MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 
 NUMBER: about 500. 
 
 KINDS I Vohlntar y (Exterior). 
 1 Involuntary (Interior). 
 
 f Head: Scalp, Forehead, Eye, Ear Nose 
 
 Mouth. 
 DIVISIONS^ Neck: Front, Back. 
 
 Trunk: Exterior, Interior. 
 VExtremities: Upper, Lower. 
 
 CONTRACTION: Controlled by Nerves. 
 
 (Backo Neck. 
 
 MECHANICAL ^er, i, 2, 3 j Foot. 
 ACTION f ~ lArm * 
 
 Pullev J Kye> 
 
 f { Side of Neck. 
 
 Symmetry. 
 
 
 Movement 
 
 'Locomotion. 
 Manual Motion. 
 
 Respiration. 
 
 Digestion. 
 
 Circulation. 
 
 f Demand for rest. 
 FATIGUE j Stimulants force. 
 
 ( Farther waste of tissues. 
 
 r Body a Battery. 
 
 / Breath. 
 t Generated by every ^ ? 7 ea 
 
 J W 1 1 1 1C . 
 
 ' Thought. 
 
APPENDIX. 161 
 
 No. 4. MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 
 
 HYGIENE. 
 
 /Gluten. 
 
 FOOD: NITROGINOUS J Albumen. 
 | Fi brine. 
 VCaseine, etc. 
 
 {Expels impure blood. 
 Supplies pure blood. 
 Renews ) TA-, 
 Strengthens j Flbers ' 
 _ ( Wastes ) ., 
 
 EXERCISE* Dcficient J Weakens j Flbers " 
 
 I 
 
 I Substitutes fat. 
 ( Wears out or j 
 Excess -j Over-develops j 
 
 I Weakens other members. 
 
 f Elastics. {^"^ n *J? 
 TightShoes.j Clothing." 
 
 HADITS J /Standin ( Shoulders round. 
 
 INJURIOUS^ / wit ^ g ] Chest contracted. 
 
 (. Spine curved. 
 
 \P< 
 
 Sitting 
 
 \\71 i"Tl 
 
 i Seat \ yv 
 I High. 
 
 j Desk distant. 
 
 W 1 III 
 
 ' Carelessly. 
 
 Lying 
 
 (Bolster 
 ( Wrong side. 
 
 11 
 
162 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 5. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
 
 /^Complex and delicate. 
 
 CV11* I Groups ganglia. 
 STRUCTURED ( Central part of body. 
 
 Tr , ( Bundles. 
 V* 1 *. I Ramifying through body. 
 
 CEREBRO-SPINAL DIVISION. 
 
 '44 49 /^ oz. 3 membranes. 
 
 Cerebellum 
 Central ganglia. 
 
 P A %rr T T A J ! Medu11 oblongata. 
 
 GANGLIA^ Vpineal gland. 
 
 a? 
 
 Anterior 
 
 f Sense. 
 
 (Brain, 9 -j Face. 
 c ii 
 S P in ^| 3 
 Cord J 
 
 SYMPATHETIC DIVISION. 
 
 f Connected by fibers. 
 GANGLIA -| Head. 
 ( Trunk. 
 
 FIBERS j 
 
 Follow blood vessels. 
 
 Solar plexus back of stomach. 
 
APPENDIX. 163 
 
 No. 6. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
 
 PHYSIOLOGY. THE BRAIN. 
 
 BRAIN, seat of government; NERVES, servants. 
 BRAIN, general office; NERVES, telegraph lines. 
 NERVE CENTERS, branch offices. 
 
 Respiration. 
 Heart. 
 
 MEDUSA controls action o ^ lood V f eSSels ' 
 
 * Perspiration. 
 
 Swallowing. 
 ^Speaking. 
 
 PONS and OPTIC LOBE ] 4 Pleasure, 
 
 ^ expressions y -r-v 
 
 ^ irain, etc. 
 
 CEREBELLUM preserves equilibrium. 
 
 CENTRAL GANGLIA { Rend ' actions automatic, and 
 * | Establish habits. 
 
 /'Pareital, psycho-motor centers. 
 I Temporal sensory perceptions. 
 ' -4 Occipital, digestion. 
 
 I -c^ fol f Highest intellectual and 
 i pronicii s 1 c ij_- 
 
 \ ( moral faculties. 
 
 Q p ( Controls automatic action, and 
 
 D ( Conducts sensations and volitions. 
 
 CRANIAL NERVES { ^ bo f h motor and sensor y- 
 ( borne only one. 
 
 T Control nutrition and as- 
 
 SYMPATHETIC NERVES -j sociate parts so that mem- 
 (_ bers suffer reciprocally. 
 
164 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 7. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
 
 PHYSIOLOGY. ( Continued. ) 
 
 MIND: Result of brain action. 
 
 ( Origin, external world. 
 THOUGHT -j Received through sensory organs. 
 
 t Conducted by nerves to brain. 
 Highest function of brain. 
 
 -~ . -, ( Varietv of 
 
 Desire, the prompting impulse \ ; 
 
 WlLlX 
 
 No control over functions of organic life. 
 Most of its control acquired by education. 
 ,Sum of action of all voluntary centers. 
 /'Record of knowledge acquired. 
 I Impressions fixed on structure of brain. 
 MEMORY-\ /^Duration of sensation. 
 
 I Number of cells acting 
 .Depends upon^ Frequency of ac'ion. 
 I Intensity of attention. 
 \Association. 
 
 , Emotions affect vasso-motor center. 
 BLUSHING -f TTT ^, _ r U1 _j vessels relax> 
 
 I 
 
 ( Excessive irritation of nerves. 
 J Useful as a warning of danger. 
 J Should always be heeded. 
 ' Finest organizations most sensitive. 
 /Rest of cerebrum; when perfect, no dreams. 
 I Blood leaves cerebrum; returns quickly on 
 SLEEP -s waking. 
 
 I Will dormant during dreams. 
 vSomnambulism: dream exaggerated. 
 
 ( Getting will inactive, then 
 
 MESMERISM < Controlling sensory centers through 
 (. senses. 
 
 ,, f Experiments upon the 
 
 ANIMAL MAGNETISM | ^ lagination . p 
 
 See Hand Book, pp. 137-156. 
 
UNIVERSITY 
 
 165 
 
 NO. 8. NERVOUS SXSTEM. 
 
 HYGIENE. 
 
 IMPORTANCE OF f Delicate structure. 
 HEALTHY < Constant use. 
 NERVES (. Entire body depends upon. 
 
 {Necessary to growth and development. 
 Students and ministers do not break 
 down with mental overwork. 
 Brain grows stronger with exercise. 
 
 HIGHEST ( Well balanced training of all 
 MENTAL HEALTH -j the mental organs. 
 REQUIRES (_ Sufficient rest and sleep. 
 
 f Force exhausted nerves to action, 
 STIMULANTS -j and double the danger from over- 
 (_ work. 
 
 / i . To teach themselves . 
 
 TRUE TEACHING ) 2. To make right use of knowl- 
 PREPARES PUPILS j edge. 
 
 ( 3. To communicate it to others. 
 
 With stereotyped thoughts (or, 
 Do NOT CRAM { rather, expressions) of others, 
 but 
 
 / To think, investigate, and 
 eagerly drink from the 
 
 WAKE UP MIND' 
 
 MENTAL 
 WORKERS 
 
 LONG- 
 LIVED 
 
 fountain of knowledge, as 
 the thirsty soul drinks 
 water from the cooling 
 spring. 
 
 /'Georgias (rhetorician) . 108 years 
 I Epimenides (one of seven 
 
 wise men) .... 154 " 
 ( Hypocrates (med. writer) 99 " 
 
 I Herodicus 100 " 
 
 I Galen . . . nearly 100 " 
 vCaruaro 100 " 
 
166 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 8. NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
 
 MENTAL WORKERS LONG-LIVED. (Continued.') 
 
 Dr. Madden gives twelve tables, each containing 
 twenty names of noted men in the most prominent 
 branches of art and science. 
 
 Average age of these 240 brain workers, 66 years. 
 
 ' Home Hand Book," page 160, contains 
 a list of 60 of the greatest modern brain 
 workers, whose ages averaged a little 
 more than 82 " 
 
 Dr. Geo. M. Beard says: Five hundred 
 
 of the greatest men in history averaged 64:20 " 
 
 Again he says: 
 
 " i. Brain workers live much longer than muscle 
 workers. 
 
 "2. Brain and muscle workers live longer than 
 those who are only muscle workers. 
 
 "3. The greatest brain workers live longer than 
 ordinary brain workers." 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 167 
 
 No. 9. SENSORY SYSTEM. 
 
 (<***{&, 
 
 ) /Elastic fibers. 
 
 SKIN, 2 layers ( I Blood vessels. 
 
 ) I Nerve filaments. 
 
 ICutis vera< Lymphatics. 
 \ UU1 *\ Hair follicles. 
 
 I Fat glands. 
 MUSCLES. I Sweat glands. 
 
 \Tactile corpuscles. 
 'Mucous membrane. 
 
 TONGUE, 
 
 21 Taste educated. 
 
 Asafetida, garlics. 
 C Mucous membrane. 
 NOSE j Nerves. 
 
 ( Nerve filaments. Pleasure. Warning. 
 
 External 
 Tympanum 
 
 EAR, 
 Ps. 94 : 9 
 
 Labyrinth 
 
 Hearing 
 
 Pitch 
 
 / Orbit. 
 EYEJ? ye - lids ' 
 
 Eustacian ( Connection. 
 tube ( Use. 
 
 (Malleus (mallet). 
 Bones < Ineus (anvil). 
 
 ( Stapus (stirrup). 
 Muscles, 3 most delicate. 
 Vestibule. 
 Cochlea. 
 
 Semicircular canals. 
 Fluid. 
 
 Sack suspended by braces. 
 Nerve filaments. 
 Main- cells line sack. 
 Otoliths (ear sand). 
 
 ) Lachrymal Ap. 
 (Eyeball. 
 
168 AtPENDIX. 
 
 No. io. THE EYE. Ps. 94:9. 
 
 f Brows conduct away perspiration. 
 ORBIT < Nerve orifices. 
 ( Fatty cushion. 
 
 ( Mucous membrane. 
 EYELIDS < Eyelashes. 
 
 t Sebaceous glands oil the edges. 
 
 LACHRYMAL 
 APPARATUS 
 
 Lachrymal gland. 
 
 Nasal duct. 
 
 Lachrymal fluid keeps ball clean. 
 
 Sclerotic 
 
 White. 
 Cornea. 
 
 /"Tunics C Blood vessels. 
 
 Choroid -j Dark lining. 
 
 (. Ciliary muscle. 
 
 ^Retina (nerve ends). 
 
 EYEBALL </ ( Crystalline lens. 
 
 Humors ! Aqueous. 
 (. Vitreous. 
 
 {Front, colored. 
 Back, black. 
 Pupil. 
 ' 
 
 ( Light passes through the two 
 How WE SEE, ) lenses (cornea and crystalline), 
 Matt. 6 : 22 j and forms an inverted image 
 V on the retina. 
 
APPENDIX. 169 
 
 No. ii. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. 
 
 (Auricle. 
 Ventricle. 
 Valves {Tri-cuspid. 
 ( Semi-lunar. 
 (' Auricle. 
 ) Ventricle. 
 
 ( Valves 
 
 \Pericardium. 
 
 f Innominate, 
 f Aorta -< Carotid. 
 'Arteries -< ( Subclavian. 
 
 (. Pulmonary. 
 BLOOD ' Capillaries, ^.V^ of an inch. 
 
 HEART 
 
 1 Left 
 
 | Bi-cuspid. 
 ( Semi-lunar. 
 
 VESSELS 
 
 .Veins 
 
 LYMPHATICS. 
 
 Differ 
 
 from 
 
 arteries 
 
 {More numerous. 
 Flaccid walls. 
 Valve?, i inch. 
 
 Connecting 
 
 cava 
 
 A. 
 
 D. 
 
 | Portal. 
 ( Hepatic. 
 | Innominate. 
 ( Jugular. 
 
 C Systemic. 
 SYSTEMS -< Pulmonary. 
 ( Portal. 
 'Heart. 
 Arteries. 
 Capillaries. 
 < Muscles. 
 
 Valves of veins. 
 Lungs. 
 .Heart. 
 
 J Sympathetic nerve accelerates heart. 
 REGULATORS < P^umogastric retards 
 
 FORCES 
 
 Vaso-motor 
 
 ( Contracts f Walls of 
 \ Relaxes ( arteries. 
 
170 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 12. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. 
 
 HYGIENE. 
 
 'Sends blood to heart. 
 Heart beats faster. 
 Impure blood to lungs. 
 EXERCISED Lungs act faster. 
 
 Returns pure blood to heart. 
 Heart sends it on to all tissues. 
 ^Heart and blood vessels made strong. 
 
 ^ ( Ruptures blood vessels. 
 
 EXCESS < Tears heart valves> 
 
 ( Equal temperature. 
 CLOTHING -j Most need at extremities. 
 (Unequal, fatal. 
 
 ( P (Warmth. 
 
 CONSTRICTION \ :s | Nutrition. 
 
 (injures internal organs. 
 
 Poor, poor blood, poor tissues. 
 
 FOOD .-^ I Blood cl g' ed - 
 l Liver sluggish. 
 
 C Paralyzes heart. 
 
 COLD < Stimulants lower temperature. 
 (. Oil bath protects. 
 
 ,-, t ^ S Hot rooms. 
 HKAT 1 Heat stroke. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 13. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 
 
 ANATOMY. 
 
 ( Anterior. 
 Nose nares Posterior _ 
 
 171 
 
 AIR 
 PASSAGES 
 
 Mouth pharyux. 
 
 f Cartilage rings, 
 Trachea, or wind-pipe -< connected by 
 
 (^ membranes. 
 
 ( Epiglottis. , T^ , 
 Larynx 1 ^s , , f False. 
 (\ocal cords 
 
 Bronchial tubes. Mucous current. 
 
 /Lobules, each 15 to 20 cells (1,700,000,000 
 | cells). 
 
 'Mucous, 2,000 sq. ft. 
 Capillaries cover 1,500 sq. ft. 
 LUNGS Membranes^ Corpuscles pass single iile. 
 Blood, 15 barrels per day. 
 .Serous (pleura). 
 
 Lobes I Ri S ht ' 3- 
 ' I Left, 2. 
 
 {Ribs. 
 Vertebrae. 
 Sternum. 
 Muscles. 
 Diaphragm. 
 
 THORAX -\ Membrane j Pleura. 
 
 ^Contents 
 
 (Lung. 
 ) Heart. 
 
 ) Largest blood vessels. 
 ( Important nerves. 
 
172 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 14. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 
 
 PHYSIOLOGY. 
 
 ( inspiration 
 
 MOVEMENTS < > Relax diaphragm. 
 
 v Expiration -j Lower ribs. 
 
 (. Contract lungs. 
 
 f Abdominal, 
 
 KINDS OF RESPIRATION -j Inferior costal, 
 
 ( Superior costal. 
 Once to four heart-beats. 
 
 Increased by exercise, stimulation, 
 
 heat. 
 Diminished by sleep, cold. 
 
 'Area, 320 cubic inches. 
 Ordinary respiration, 20 cu. in. 
 LUNG J After ordinary respiration, 100 more. 
 CAPACITY \ 100 always remains for contingencies. 
 Vital capacity, 175 255 cu. in. 
 .Increased by training. 
 
 {Oxygen, .21. Element most essen- 
 Nitrogen, .79 (to dilute oxygen). 
 Carbonic acid, .0004 (plant food). 
 Impurities. 
 
 C Loss, oxygen, i cu. in. 
 MR CHANGED BY , ^^ add , cu 
 
 RESPIRATION | Gain Water y yaor| t cu in 
 
 . Organic matter, i cu. in. 
 BLOOD ( Loses carbonic acid, water, heat. 
 CHANGED { Oains f Oxygen. 
 
 s | Brighter color. 
 
 RESPIRATION OF ( Not more than one-fortieth that 
 THE SKIN ( of the lungs. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 173 
 
 No. 15.- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 
 
 ANATOMY. 
 
 'Lips. 
 Tongue, 
 
 MOUTH 
 
 Salivary glands { g^ 8 - 
 
 Saliva, 3 pints per day. 
 S incisors. 
 V Teeth -j 4 cuspids. 
 (^ 20 molars. 
 
 ESOPHAGUS. COATS { Mus = ul { Jg^. 
 
 I Mucous. 
 /Capacity, i to 2 quarts. 
 
 /Serous, f Linear ) 
 Muscular -< Circular > Layers. 
 
 ( Oblique j 
 
 STOMACH^ Coats-! ^'Peptic glands. 
 
 Blood vessels. 
 Lymphatics. 
 
 Mucous 
 
 k Mucous 
 
 DUODENUM \ 
 
 SMALL 
 INTESTINE ) 
 
 
 COLON 
 
 Muscular 
 
 Peritoneum. 
 
 {Linear 
 Circular 
 ( Epithelium. 
 Mucous 
 Ileocaecal valve 
 Ascending 
 Transverse 
 Descending 
 
 f Peritoneum 
 Coats < Muscular. 
 ( Mucous. 
 
 pints. 
 
 ( Intestinal juice. 
 
 LIVER PRODUCES j 
 
 PANCREAS produce pancreatic juice. 
 
174 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 1 6. DIGESTION. 
 
 M. Mouth. 
 S. Stomach. 
 Iv. Liver. 
 P. Pancreas. 
 I. Intestines. 
 
 S. Saliva. 
 
 G. Gastric Juice. 
 
 B. Bile. 
 
 P. Pancreatic Juice. 
 
 I. Intestinal Juice. 
 
 St. Starch. 
 A Albumen. 
 F. Fat. 
 Sa. Salts. 
 Su. Sugar. 
 
 Each organ produces the juice with which the line 
 connects it. 
 
 Each juice digests the elements with which the line 
 connects it 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 175 
 
 HASTY 
 EATING 
 
 No. 17. DIGESTION. 
 
 HYGIENE. 
 
 Mastication ( Imperious. 
 (insufficient) ( Irritating. 
 /Softening. 
 Insalivation I ^^stion (sali- 
 
 (insufficient) | c . . var y .. > Deficient. 
 
 I Stimulation { 
 
 V (gastric) 
 ( Mechanical action. 
 Fermentation . 
 Inflammation m. m. 
 Dilation. 
 Congestion liv. 
 Sluggishness. 
 ( Congestion. 
 Indigestion -j Catarrh. 
 
 (. Impure blood. 
 
 DRI ^ ING j Weakens } Gastric l uice - 
 
 ) Cold checks di g estion - 
 V Heat relaxes, weakens. 
 
 Over-eating 
 
 MEALS 
 
 EATING ( 
 ) 
 
 
 
 ( 
 
 / 
 
 EATING ) 
 
 TIRED "j 
 
 ( 
 
 SLEEPING 
 APTER 
 
 MEALS 
 
 Fermentation, if lon g retained. 
 
 Sleep retards digestion. 
 
 Digestion, 5 h. + rest, i h. = 6 h. x 3 - 18 h. 
 
 Sleep, 8h. + i8h.= 2 6h. 
 
 Tired stomach, weak. 
 Third meal comes when exhausted. 
 Violent exercise diverts vital energy. 
 Two dogs: one ran all day. 
 
 /-Digestion ) ^ 
 
 | Respiration I De P end u P on nervous ac 
 J Circulation ) 
 
 7 organs. 
 
 
 Pneumogastric ( 
 
 nerve controls mac - 
 ( Intestines. 
 
176 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 1 8. DIGESTION. 
 
 HYGIENE. 
 
 MANY VARIETIES I Tempt to over - eatin S- 
 
 JETIES | Digestive j uice s unsuited. 
 
 BATHING f Hot, draws blood to surface. 
 AFTER MEALS ( Cold, congests stomach. 
 
 ( What is needed and 
 QUANTITY | Canbedigested 
 
 T? T? ^ f Excludes juices. 
 
 EXCESS OF I- AT I Produces utyric acid- 
 
 'Mustard \ ( Irritate. 
 
 Pepper ( J Diminish secretion. 
 
 Cinnamon | j Stimulate. 
 
 CONDIMENTS^ Cloves, etc. / ' Chronic diseases. 
 
 ( Antiseptic. 
 . 1 Irritant. 
 : j Mineral, not food, 
 v Unnecessary. 
 
 f Farther fermentation than alcohol. 
 VINEGAR -< Irritating. 
 
 ( Diminishes secretion of gastric juice. 
 
 Tannin precipitates pepsin. 
 
 C Weaken gastric juice. 
 TEA AND^ Dilute -j Overtax absorbents. 
 COFFEE \ t Cause fermentation. 
 
 P 
 
 1 n; 
 
 ^ f Stimulate. 
 Hot | Relax. 
 
 HARD WATER j Mn esia } Neutralize gastric j. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 177 
 
 No. 19. FOOD ELEMENTS. 
 
 NlTROGINOUS 
 
 Animal 
 
 ( Albumen in eggs. 
 J Fibrine in blood 
 J tissues. 
 V Caseine in milk. 
 
 and 
 
 Vegetable 
 
 Veg. alb. in oatmeal. 
 
 legu- 
 
 ) Gluten in wheat. 
 
 I 
 
 CARBON- 
 ACEOUS 
 
 Caseine in 
 mmous. 
 
 (Fruits soluble by 
 ripening. 
 Vegetables solu- 
 ble by cooking. 
 Grains soluble by 
 cooking. 
 
 Saccharine /'Cane, cane trees, 
 
 I beet, date, etc. 
 N3ugar< Grape, glucose, 
 
 grape, etc. 
 V Lactose, milk. 
 
 C Oleine ") ( Animal, in cells. 
 " 4 Margarine [ 4 Veg., with 
 (Stearine J ( Alb. and inorg. 
 
 f Potash. 
 Phosphates and carbonates -< Soda. 
 
 INORGANIC -j 
 
 t Chlorides j 
 
 INNUTRITIOUS Cellulose 
 
 (. Lime. 
 
 /Dogs starved in I month on alb., fib., or gel. 
 
 FOOD I l " same ' artific i all y mixe( l- 
 
 I Goose starved in 26 days on white of egg. 
 ELEMENTS! < 21 days on sugar. 
 
 "\ 2 geese " 24 and 27 days on starch. 
 
 I Dogs 50 days on white bread. 
 
 I Dogs retained health on graham bread. 
 ! Dogs on salts from flesh starved sootier than 
 ^ on nothing. 
 12 
 
 NOT 
 FOOD 
 
178 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 No. 20. FOOD. 
 
 Teeth. 
 ) Chewing. 
 Structure < Salivary glands. 
 
 V Length of al. canal. 
 
 ( Romans. 
 
 2. Early history -< Grecians. 
 VEGETABLE^ ( Egyptians. 
 
 Present inhabitants. 
 
 ( Longer life. 
 
 4. Experience J Greater endurance, 
 proves j Superior development 
 I Less disease. 
 
 /Diseases of animals. 
 j Putrefaction (rapid). 
 ANIMAL-! Immoral (unnecessary). 
 ( Excretion. 
 .Stimulant ] Extract. 
 ( Effects. 
 
 ( i diseased. 
 'London | ^ QO tons daily> 
 
 Epidemic floods markets. 
 
 Not i in 100 healthy livers in hogs. 
 
 Consumption among cattle (Dr. Bell). 
 
 ir (500 cases typhoid. 
 Typhoid calf | | Qme died> 
 
 /Origin, cyst in meat. 
 
 (Pork. 
 
 , Kinds ] -r, f 
 apeworm 4 
 
 Taking in the 
 
 DISEASED. 
 
APPEXDIX. 
 
 No. 21. FOOD. 
 
 DISEASED FLESH. 
 
 /In lean flesh of pork, -^ x o( 
 Develops visible in stomach! 
 One produces 1,000 or more. 
 
 179 
 
 in. 
 
 f Through walls of 
 ^[Penetrate < int. or blood ves- 
 ( sels. 
 
 Young7 Penetrate sheath of fibers. 
 
 i Encapsulated. 
 TRICHINA/ I Carbonate of lime. 
 
 VRemain during life. 
 
 First like I Cholera morbus, or dysen- 
 ' 1 tery. 
 
 C Rheumatism. 
 
 After, like -j Cerebro-s. meningitis. 
 ( Typhoid fever. 
 
 Chicago { I ! n 4 (a while ago). 
 ( i in 12 (now). 
 
 Squirrel, rabbit, dog. 
 / Horse, elephant. 
 
 Sheep; 2,000,000 in England an- 
 nually. 
 
 Thousands in America. 
 Flat, oval, like a leaf. 
 LIVER FLUKED Live on bile. 
 
 Obstruct gall-duct. 
 
 Bile absorbed. 
 
 Skin yellow. 
 
 Sheep dies full of disease. 
 
 Hatch in water. 
 
 Fasten to watercress, etc. 
 
180 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 22. FOOD. 
 
 DISEASED FLESH. 
 
 f Strongylus filaria causes 
 LUNG PARASITE | Disea f e y like consumption. 
 
 /'Biliousness, jaundice, etc., cause 
 
 diseased liver. 
 BILIOUS BEASTS^ 
 
 f Nailed, blinded, stuffed 
 VGeese -] in dark room, and fed 
 (^ antimony. 
 
 WILD GAME j Found in duck, bear, and in ten per 
 PARASITES j cent, of ham. 
 
 ( Struggle in trap ^ R - d de 
 ABUSED ANIMALS < Whipping to death y 
 { Worrying by dogs J 
 
 /'From diseased animals. 
 
 I Absorbing germs. 
 BIASED J Watering cows in barn . yard- 
 
 I Poison or impure food. 
 VSwill feed, swill milk. 
 
 Ergot | 
 
 Ergotism. 
 
 Gerebro-spinal meningitis. 
 DISEASED 
 
 Corn fungus, pellagra, Lombardy. 
 
 Rust. 
 Smut bolls. 
 
 VEGETABLES " 
 
 . I Midge. 
 
 ANIMAL I Ear g cockle . 
 
 PARASITES^ Meal mite 
 
 s Sugar mite (acarus sacchari). 
 
APPENDIX. 181 
 
 No. 23. FOOD. 
 
 Fish the most dangerous. 
 
 ( 
 | 
 
 
 Bread 
 
 . t ( 400 cases in so years 
 Sausage, mouldy 
 
 j , 
 Cheese j 
 Meat, high. 
 Eggs, stale. 
 
 C Decay. 
 Cheese -j Skipper. 
 
 ( Cheese mite. 
 
 YEAST, ferments bread, beer, wine, cider, ete, 
 
 f Old cheese. 
 GREEN MOULD -j Stale bread. 
 
 (. " " poisoned family. 
 
 {Immature. 
 Decaying. 
 Absorbed gr.ses. 
 Sprouted. 
 
 ADULTERATIONS. 
 
 /Alum; detect with logwood (claret color). 
 
 BREAD J Sulpha - e of c PP er (rarely). 
 
 \ Blue vitriol; detect with prussiate of potash 
 \ (chocolate). 
 
 FLOUR, alum, ground rice, sand. 
 
 (' Salt, starch. 
 
 BUTTER J C Gypsum. 
 
 ( Annotto ] Red lead. 
 
 (Blue vitriol. 
 
 ( Lard. 
 OLEOMARGARINE -j Tallow. 
 
 ( Fibers and membranes. 
 
182 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 24. FOOD ADULTERATIONS. 
 
 /Salt, water, annotto. 
 I Sheep's brains. 
 < Burnt sugar, lead. 
 I Un ventilated stalls. 
 \Farrow, becomes an excretion. 
 
 , cotton I Boiled in su ipi mr ic acid. 
 Woody fiber j 
 
 SUGARS plaster5 clay> 
 
 Bone-dust. 
 (^Chloride of tin. 
 
 f Adulterated with corn starch. 
 SYRUP ] Potato starch. 
 
 ( Sulphuric acid, iron. 
 
 ! Glucose. 
 Sulphuric acid. 
 Cane sugar and flavorings. 
 Feeding glucose. 
 
 r ATIT.V I Glucose > gyP sum > terra-alba. 
 
 \ Colorings 24 kinds, rank poison. 
 
 ^Neutralizes gastric juice. 
 Headache, consumption. 
 Dysentery, palpitation. 
 
 BAKING ) ^lum< Congestion ") Mucous mem- 
 \ Inflammation j brane. 
 
 f Sickness. 
 ^Dogs 4 Vomiting. 
 
 ( Prefer starvation, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 No. 25. FOOD ADULTERATIONS. 
 
 f Skimmed milk and tallow. 
 
 CHERSE < Anuotto, red lead, and salts of copper. 
 (Rind (corrosive sublimate, mercury). 
 
 f Red coloring. 
 CANNED FRUITS j Fuchine, analine. 
 
 ( Salts of copper, lead. 
 
 /'Sulphuric acid, sulphur. 
 J Salicylic acid. 
 
 PRESERVING 
 
 FLUID "j Fuchine, analine. 
 
 V Copper (from kettle). 
 
 f Rarely pure. 
 JELLIES -j Gelatine, analine, and 
 
 ( Other dyes. (Avoid all.) 
 
 FRUIT 
 ESSENCE 
 
 f Alcohol. 
 Pineapple -< Butyric, ether. 
 (Oil of vitriol. 
 
 ( Alcohol. 
 
 Quince ] Oil of rue. 
 (Aqua fortis. 
 
 r Alcohol 
 
 I Fusel oil. 
 
 Pear"\ Acetate of potash. 
 I Sulphuric acid. 
 VOil of vitriol. 
 
 T Sulphuric acid. 
 Apple I Fusel oil. 
 
 ^ Valerianic acid. 
 
184 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 26. FOOD ADULTERATIONS. 
 
 CANNED ( -^ eca y De f re and after canning. 
 
 MEATS j Colorin g to hide dirt - 
 
 (. Horses' tongues and flanks. 
 
 C Horse-flesh. 
 SAUSAGES < Dogs, cats. 
 ( Hogs. 
 
 VINEGAR, sulphuric acid, oil of vitriol. 
 
 ( Sulphuric acid. 
 PICKLES } Salts of copper. 
 
 ( Copper kettle (or pennies). 
 
 f Sulphuric acid. 
 LEMON JUICED Zinc. 
 
 ( Oxalic acid. 
 
 /^Prussian blue, indigo. 
 I Black lead, iron, Venetian red. 
 ^ Carbonate of copper, copperas. 
 I Bichromate of potash. 
 \Paris green, sulphate of lime. 
 
 f Chicory, tan bark. 
 COFFEE -j Venetian red. 
 (_ Horse livers. 
 
 CAYENNE PEPPER | 
 
 Red lead. 
 
 sulphuret of mercury. 
 
 ARTIFICIAL CIDER { ^ ug f ar '. yeas '" 
 ( Tartanc acid. 
 
COMPOSITION 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 No. 27. WATER. 
 
 ( Volume j 1 Oxygen. 
 ) ( 2 Hydrogen. 
 
 (weight! 8 S^ gen> 
 
 ( i Hydrogen. 
 
 185 
 
 {Chalk \ (-Torpid liver. 
 
 Gypsum ( 1 Biliary ) 
 
 Iron j J Renal [ Calculi. 
 
 Magnesia j ( Urinary } 
 
 .Decomposing { ^-1. 
 
 Animalcules. 
 Germs. 
 
 ORGANIC / 
 
 \ Sources 
 
 IMPURITIES 
 
 Effects 
 
 ^Sewers. 
 
 Cess-pools. 
 
 Barn-yards. 
 
 Vaults. 
 
 Dead animals. 
 Lice (impure). 
 
 fever. 
 Other diseases. 
 
 Remove with good filter. 
 \Avoid causes. 
 
 /'Circulation. 
 
 USES < T em P erature (regulation), 
 j Cleansing, 
 v Dissolving. 
 
186 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 SKIN ; 
 
 No. 28. EXCRETORY SYSTEM. 
 
 ORGANS. 
 
 Sweat glands (tube, duct, valve). 
 
 Hair protects from heat, cold, friction, dust. 
 
 Sebaceous glands discharge fat into hair foli- 
 
 cles. 
 Nails grow from fold of skin. Protect. 
 
 /Excretion. 
 I Respiration. 
 \ Functions^? Absorption. 
 I Protection. 
 \Sensation. 
 
 Natural instinct. 
 
 Excretion. 
 
 f Surface decay. 
 Prevents 4 Colds. 
 
 (4 to 6 oz. each. 
 Minute outer sacs. 
 Small tubes lead to 
 Pelvis of kidney. 
 Ureter leads to 
 Bladder. 
 Urine contains urea (poison). 
 
 LIVER (4to5lbs. 
 
 -j- < Lobules -gV inch in diameter. 
 
 ( Connect with portal and hepatic veins. 
 
 EXCRETIONS. 
 Sweat, mucous, carbonic acid, bile, urine. 
 
APPENDIX. 187 
 
 No. 29. STIMULANTS AND NARCOTICS. 
 
 /Wine (grapes). 
 
 Beer { Barley. 
 r I Hops. 
 
 TA . jj Cider (hard). 
 
 - Fermented< Perry (pears). 
 
 Pulque (cactus). 
 
 Chica (corn chewed). 
 
 Palm wine. 
 
 Milk beer. 
 ^Arrack. 
 
 STIMULANTS^ 
 
 {Alcohol. 
 Gin (corn and juniper b.) 
 Whisky (grain, potatoes). 
 Rum (sugar, molasses). 
 Brandy (grape, peach, etc.) 
 
 ^Tobacco, used by 900,000,000. 
 Opium, 400,000,000. 
 
 Betel nut, " 100,000,000. 
 Tea, coffee. 
 Cocoa, chocolate. 
 iHashish (Indian hemp). 
 
 ?ttuce, hops. 
 NARCOTICS ( Mate (Paraguay tea), 40,000,000. 
 
 [Absinthe 
 
 Wormwood 
 Alcohol 
 
 French. 
 
 Saki, Greeks 
 
 Samshoo, Chinese ^-Rice. 
 Sacio, Japanese ) 
 
188 APPENDIX. 
 
 NO. 30. ALCOHOL. 
 
 METHYLIC (wood naphtha), wood . . C H 4 O. 
 ETHYLIC (wine spirits) . grains . . C 2 H& O. 
 
 PROPYLIC beets . . C 3 Hs O. 
 
 BUTYLIC beets . . C 4 HioO. 
 
 AMYLIC (fusel oil) . . . potatoes . C 5 Hi 2 O. 
 
 / Antiseptic. 
 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES^ ^ 
 
 (Volatile. ' 
 
 / Irritant. Prov. 23 : 32. 
 ANTI- VITAL) Stimulant;- Isa. 5:11. 
 PROPERTIES j Narcotic. Lev. 10: i, 9, 10. 
 
 (Anaesthetic. Prov. 23 : 35. 
 
 EFFECTS. 
 Burns skin, mucous membrane. 
 
 Beats f i oz. 430. 
 (extra) ( 8 oz. 25488. 
 
 } AJ - taiL j Force, ( 254,880 Ibs. 
 ( Nerves 1 ( 8oz. 1 (127 tons). 
 
 PARALYZES ^ ^ Optic, taste, 
 
 j Brain. 
 Liver (cells). 
 
 Heart, liver. 
 
 Inflames eye, liver, brain, stomach (blood-shot). 
 
 Neutralizes digestive juices. 
 
 Desiccates blood, brain. 
 
 Catarrh mucous membrane. 
 
 Decreases animal heat. 
 
 Tans stomach (dyspepsia). 
 
 p ( Ulcers, cancers, blindness, rum blossom. 
 
 CAUSES -j Qonsujnption, insanity, idiocy. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 31. ALCOHOL. 
 
 EFFECTS. 
 Shortens Life. 
 
 Increases mortality 500 per cent. 
 One dies every 2^ minutes in Europe and America. 
 At 20, abstainers may live 44^ years. 
 At 20, drinkers may live is/4 years. 
 150,000 Americans annually to drunkards' graves. 
 System treats alcohol as poison (leaving unchanged). 
 
 Annual Income. 
 Tax on liquor .... $60,000,000 
 
 Cost in United States. 
 
 Liquor (at retail) .... $900,000,000 
 
 Criminal 328,000,000 
 
 500,000 dealers' time . . 150,000,000 
 
 1,000,000 drinkers' time . . . 100,000,000 
 
 800,000 paupers' time . . 100,000,000 
 
 800,000 paupers' expense . . 100,000,000 
 
 40,000,000 bushels grain . . 22,000,000 
 
 $1,700,000,000 
 
 Maniacs and idiots. 
 Accidents. 
 
190 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 OPPOSITION 
 
 No. 32. TOBACCO. 
 ORIGIN, Cuba, November, 1492. 
 
 Russia i bastinado, 2 nose off, 3 
 death. 
 
 Pope Innocent XII. excommunica- 
 tion. 
 
 Persia, Switzerland, ) , . , 1 
 ^Connecticut, Boston, } Strlct laws " 
 
 'Most deadly poison, except Prussic acid. 
 Nicotine, 380 gr. in a pound; kill 300 men. 
 T V gr. kill dog in 3 minutes. 
 Drop kill snake quick as lightning. 
 NATURE^ Applied to sore, produces death. 
 
 Applied to skin, produces sickness. 
 
 'Pyridine picoline, sulphuretted 
 
 H. 
 
 Carbon-di-oxide, prussic acid. 
 1,400 sq. ft. membrane. 
 .Vol. blood passes in 3 min. 
 
 Giddiness, nausea, deadly sickness. 
 Fluttering of the heart. 
 Blood fluid thin and pale. 
 Corpuscles shriveled. 
 Vital resistance less. 
 Disposes to disease. 
 Smokers' sore throat. 
 Consumption. 
 EFFECTS^ Heart disease (palpitation). 
 
 ^Dyspepsia (stomach paralyzed). 
 
 'Cancer { 5 omen to * man; 
 
 ( 3 times men on lip and tongue. 
 
 Paralyzes nerves, unsteady. 
 Blindness". 
 
 Hereditary tendency. 
 Moral sense blunted. 
 Conscience deadened. 
 
 1 
 
 V 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 33. AIR. 
 
 191 
 
 IMPURITIES 
 
 Kinds^ 
 
 Gases 
 
 / Carbonic acid. 
 J Carbonic oxide. 
 J Ammonia. 
 (.Sulphuretted hydro. 
 
 Sources < 
 
 VENTILATION 
 
 Germs, spores, animalcules. 
 
 Dust. 
 
 Organic poison. 
 
 Cellars, mould}' walls. 
 Barn-yards, hen-coops. 
 Pig-pens, decaying animal 
 
 and vegetable matter. 
 Vaults, drains. 
 Cess-pools, feather beds. 
 Lamp smoke. 
 
 Soiled clothing, wall paper. 
 Breath, i cu. in. C. A. spoils 
 
 3 cu. ft. 
 
 I breath expels i cu. in. carbonic a. 
 i breath spoils 3 cu. ft. air. 
 i person " 60 " permin 
 i " 3600 " per hour 
 
 Room 
 
 9x10x10 = 900 sq. ft. ; air 
 spoiled by one in 15 min. 
 
 1 8 x 20 x 10, air spoiled by 
 one in i hour. 
 
 ( Heated shaft. 
 Requisites' Entrance for pure warm 
 
 air. 
 Low exit for foul air. 
 
192 
 
 PURPOSES. 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. 34. CLOTHING. 
 'Modesty. Modesty, Gen. 3:7. 
 
 C Quality, 
 
 ; Degree -j Hag. i : 6. 
 ( Quantity. 
 /Head. 
 Uniformity | Extrem . 
 ^Protection. ( ities. 
 
 'Natural form; Gen. i : 27; i Cor. 6 : 
 
 DHMANBS 
 
 (PHYSICAL) 
 
 circulation . 
 
 .Free respiration. 
 
 Can man improve the Creator's plan? Ps. 139 : 14-16. 
 
 I Nerves. 
 Ribs. 
 Cartilages. 
 Lung?' 
 Stomach. 
 Liver. 
 Blood. 
 
 ERRORS 
 
 . . f Form of foot. 
 Tight shoes injure | circulation 
 
 TTio-Ti heek i Cri PP le walk " Isa ' 3 = 16. 
 ^igh heels | Deform body> 
 
 ^. .. ( Check circulation. 
 Elastics | Wast Ussues 
 
 ^. , . , f Check circulation. 
 Tight gloves | Weaken 
 
APPENDIX. . 193 
 
 No. 35. BATHING. 
 Diluent, increases circulation. 
 
 WATER J Solvent I I" creases excretion. 
 
 ( increases assimilation. 
 
 .Modifies temperature. 
 
 'Contracts capillaries. 
 Prolonged, diminishes blood supply. 
 COUD^ Brief, increases. 
 
 I Reduces pulse, ten to twenty beats. 
 \Reduces temperature of body. 
 
 Expands capillaries. 
 
 ( Blood supply. 
 Increases \ . , , 
 
 ( Circulation. 
 
 HOT 
 
 (above 98) T f Vital ) A .. 
 
 Increases | Chemical | Action. 
 
 Absorbs heat from bath. 
 Prolonged, faintness. 
 
 Diminishes { P ulsatio - 
 ( Respiration. 
 
 ( 8^- R 8) \ Increases animal heat. 
 
 ' 1 Favorable to natural functions. 
 May be safely prolonged. 
 ,One case, nine months. 
 
 SYMPATHETIC I One foot in cold water ' 
 
 C I The other becomes warm. 
 
 T Spray cools by evaporation. 
 MODES < Packings produce perspiration. 
 ( Alternate stimulant (revulsive), 
 13 
 
W. C. T. U. TEMPLE. 
 
 
 r v. \ w " ^ r ^v 
 or THE X 
 
 UNIVERSITY ) 
 
 or y