DAVm
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
p a r t m e n t of Wa ter Resources
4i^
BULLETIN No. 65-59
^j^
QUALITY OF SURFACE WATERS
IN CALIFORNIA
e: 1959
iMiVfCRSITY OF CALIFORNIA
DAVIS
JUL 15 1963
PART II
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
L.laRARY
NOVEMBER 1962
EDMUND G. BROWN
Governor
State of California
WILLIAM E. WARNE
Adminisfrafor
The Resources Agency of California
and Direcfor
Department of Water Resources
3 -WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD REGION
state of California
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
Department of Wa ter Resources
BULLETIN No. 65-59
QUALITY OF SURFACE WATERS
IN CALIFORNIA
1959
PART II
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
NOVEMBER 1962
EDMUND G. BROWN WILLIAM E. WARNE
Governor Adminisfrator
_ , _ , , The Resources Agency of California
State of California , _.
ana Director
Department of Water Resources
T/^J.iLV. OF COhTl'^riTS
Page
FROm'lSPIL'OE
LilTTTP^ OF T.^AIISMITT'"! vii
oiraAiiiZATiox, STATE d:;pa::tiiemt of water resoiirceg ix
O.KrAillZATlO!:, CALJFORillA WATER COMT'llSSION x
A(";ia;OWLt-»:KEI:TS xi
i:'T]:ODlJCTIOfI 1
o'.iHFACK WATER QUALT'IT 11. ' SOU'firEPN CALIFORNIA. 7
oUTJ'K'.ry 7
Central Coastal Regioa (No. 3) ^
Snlinas River Brsin 10
Cuyjima River Pasin 21
Santa Ynez Jiiver Easin 2^
Los Angeler? Region (Wo. h) 31
Ventura River Pasin 33
Santa Clara River Basin 38
Los Angeles River Basin 51
Rio [jondo 5^
San Gabriel River Basin 62
Los Angeles Aqueduct 69
Colorado River Aqueduct 73
Laiiontan Region (ilo. 6) 77
Mo.jave River Basin 7o
Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) 85
Colorado River Basin 88
iii
Page
Alamo River Basin 104
New River Basin 110
Salton Sea 117
Whitewater River Basin 120
Santa Ana Region (llo. 8) 127
Santa Ana River Basin 129
San Diego Region (No. 9) 1^9
Santa Margarita River Basin 151
San Luis Rey River Basin 15^+
Escondido Creek Basin 159
San Dieguito River Basin l62
San Diego River Basin l66
Sweetwater River Basin 173
Tia Juana River Basin 177
PLATES
Plate No .
1 Stream Sampling Stations, Central
Coastal Region (No. 3)-" Following page 30
2 Stream Sampling Stations, Los
Angeles Region (No. h) Folloi/lng page 76
3 Stream Sampling Stations, Lahontan
Region (No. 6) Following page 8k
h Stream Sampling Stations, Colorado
River Basin Region (No. 7) ... .Following page 126
5 Stream Sampling Stations, Santa
Ana Region (No. 8) Following page lh8
6 Stream Sampling Stations, San
Diego Region (No. 9) Following page I80
iv
APPENDIXES
Page
A Methods, Procedures, and Criteria A-1
B Basic Data ^""^
AM E. WARNE
)ir«ctor of
tcr Resources
I on GOLDBERG
'Deputy Director
l-IALD C. PRICE
[/ Director Policy
EDMUND G. BROWN
GOVERNOR OF
CALIFORNIA
WILLIAM E. WARNE
ADMINISTRATOR
RESOURCES AGENCY
ADDRESS REPLY TO
P. O. Box 388
Sacramento 2, Calif.
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
1120 N STREET, SACRAMENTO
October 26, 1962
Honorable Edmund G. Brown, Governor,
and Members of the Legislature of
the State of California
State and Regional Water Pollution Control Boards
Gentlemen:
I have the honor to transmit Bulletin No. 65-59 entitled
"Quality of Surface Waters in California, 1959, Part II, Southern
California." The period January through December 1959 is covered in
this fifth volume of a continuing chronological series on quality of
surface waters in California. The quality of surface waters in
Northern and Central California is discussed in Part I, published in
July 1961, and Southern California surface water quality is discussed
in this report. Part II.
At the request of the State Water Pollution Control Board
a statewide surface water monitoring program was initiated in April
1951- As authorized by Section 229 of the Water Code, the Department
of Water Resources has administered this program in cooperation with
the State Department of Public Health, Bureau of Sanitary Engineering;
the State Department of Fish and Game; the United States Geological
Survey; and various other agencies and individuals. Under the state-
wide program, samples from 210 stations, located on IU3 different
water sources, are collected and analyzed periodically to maintain
surveillance on the quality of surface waters in California. This
volume reports the results of monitoring at 5^ of these stations,
located on 3^*- streams, lakes, and artificial channels in Southern
California.
During 1959> surface water quality data, for Southern
California, showed varying degrees of increases in concentration of
mineral constituents, primarily due to the lower than normal precipi-
tation in the 1958-59 rainfall season, resulting in low runoff and
decreased streamflows. A few of the streams that normally flow
vii
Honorable Edmund G. Brown, Governor,
and Members of the Legislature of
the State of California
State and Regional Water Pollution
Control Boards
continuously were dry for several successive months in the latter
part of the year. The flow in a few other streams consisted almost
entirely of waste water discharges. At several stations new majcima
for the period covered by this continuing series of annual reports
were recorded for mineral constituents of concern in water quality.
These conditions emphasize the need for continued surveil-
lance of the quality of the surface waters of the State in order to
determine first, the natural variation in water quality that may be
expected and second, the average quality against which changes caused
by the activities of man can be evaluated. This report indicates
that the existing network of monitoring stations is adequate for
general comparisons in Southern California; special problem areas are
treated separately under authorization of other sections of the
California Water Code.
Sincerely yours,
William E. Warne
Director
viii
STATE OF CALIFOmiA
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
EDMUND G. BROWN, Governor
WILLIAM E. WARNE, Administrator, The Resources Agency of California
and Director, Department of V/ater Resources
ALFRED R. GOLZE*, Chief Engineer
JOHN R. TEERINK, Assistant Chief Engineer
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
James J. Doody District Engineer
Lloyd C. Fowler Chief, Planning Branch
This report was prepared under the direction of
David B. Willets Chief, Water Quality Section
Felix W. Cartier Water Resources Engineering Associate
assisted by
Robert B. Gunderson Assistant Civil Engineer
Howard P. Walker Water Resources Technician I
James C. Ping Engineering Aid II
ix
CALIFOflNIA WATER COMMISSION
RALPH M. BRODY, Chairman, Fresno
WILLIAM H. JhMINGS, Vice Chairman, La Mesa
JOHN W. BRYANT, Riverside JOHN P. BUNKER, Gustine
IRA J. GHRISMAN, Visalia GEORGE FLEHARTY, Fresno
JOHN J. KING, Petal uma NORRIS POULSON, Los Angeles
MARION R. WALKER, Ventura
WILLIAM M. CARAH
Executive Secretary
GEORGE B. GLEASON
Principal Engineer
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The extensive coverage of the statewide surface water quality
monitoring program is made possible through the cooperation of federal,
state, and local agencies. The valuable assistance of the following
agencies in the Southern California portion of the prograjn is gratefully-
acknowledged .
United States Geological Survey
United States Public Health Service
California Department of Public Health, Division of
Laboratories
California Disaster Office, Radiological Services
City of Long Beach, Department of Public Health
City of Los Angeles
Department of Public Health
Department of Water and Power
City of San Bernardino
Los Angeles County Flood Control District
Imperial Irrigation District
The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
Ventura County Water Resources Division
Bacteriological determinations were made by the California
State Department of Public Health, Division of Laboratories, Los Angeles,
and radiological counts were made by the California Disaster Office,
Sacramento, under provisions of a continuing agreement with the State
Water Pollution Control Boaxd.
xi
INTRODUCTION
An abundant and usable source of water is an essential commod-
ity in man's environment. To insure that California's rapidly expanding
economy and increasing population are provided with a usable supply of
water, an effective surveillance program must be maintained. The early
detection and control of quality impairment is necessary in order to
insure the fullest beneficial use of the State's water resources.
Realizing the need for a detection system, the State of California ini-
tiated a statewide surface water monitoring program in April 1951*
Since that time the monitoring program has been conducted by the
Department of Water Resources in cooperation with numerous agencies and
individuals. The department's monitoring program is integrated with
monitoring stations maintained by other agencies at various places
throughout the State.
Bulletin No. 65-59 is the fifth volume in a series on surface
water quality conditions in California. Data presented were collected
by the Department of Vfeter Resources under its surface water quality
monitoring program and by other public agencies in California. In addi-
tion to basic data, this bulletin contains evaluations and interpreta-
tions of significant quality variations detected during 1959 and, where
possible, an explanation of the causes of these variations.
Part I of this bulletin, published July 19^1, presented surface
water quality data and an ^evaluation of surface water quality conditions
in V/ater Pollution Control Regions 1 and 2, the portion of Region 3 north
of the San Antonio-Salinas River drainage boundary, Region 5, and the
portion of Region 6 north of the Mono Lake drainage divide. Part, II of
this bulletin, the present volume, presents surface water quality data
and an evaluation of surface water quality conditions in the southern
portion of Region 3 ( Santa Ynez, Santa Maria, Nacimiento, and San
Antonio Rivers and the portion of Salinas River upstream from the
confluence of San Antonio River), all of Region k, Region 6 south of the
northern Mono Lake drainage boundary, and all of Regions 7, 8 and ^.
The regions and the areas reported on in this volume are shown on the
frontispiece map.
The 1959 stream sampling program reported herein comprised the
collection of water samples and analyses from 5^ stations on 3^ streams,
lakes, and artificial channels throughout Southern California. Previous
quality monitoring data are included in the following report and
bulletins:
California Department of Public Works, Division of
Water Resources, Water Quality Investigations,
Report No. 15, "Quality of Surface Waters in
California, 1951-195^"
California Department of Water Resources, Division
of Resources Planning, Bulletin No. 65, "Quality of
Surface Waters in California, 1955-1956"
. Bulletin No. 65-57, , "Quality of Surface Waters
in California, 1957"
. Bulletin No. 65-58, "Quality of Surface Waters
in California, I958"
In addition to the Bulletin 65 series, the department publishes
and distributes a monthly report containing water quality data and
preliminary evaluations of detected quality variations. These reports
are distributed to pollution control, public health, and other agencies
and interested individuals to provide them with data on water quality as
soon as practicable after collection and analysis of water samples.
The activities of the department's surface water monitoring
program are authorized by Section 229 of the Water Code, which directs
that:
"The department, ..., shall investigate conditions of
the quality of all waters within the State, including saline
waters, coastal and inland, as related to all sources of
pollution of whatever nature and shall report thereon to the
Legislature and to the appropriate regional water pollution
control board annually, and may recommend any steps which
might be taken to improve or protect the quality of such
waters."
The basic objectives of the department's surface water quality
monitoring program are:
(a) to secure continuous and reliable water quality data, on
a periodic basis, from a network of stations which will
provide representative data pertaining to the quality of
water in the major surface streams and lakes of the State;
(b) to evaluate and interpret chemical, physical, biologicsLL
and radiological information collected during the course
of the program to develop a comprehensive understanding
of the factors which make up and alter the water quality
at any station; and
(c) to detect changes in water quality and to notify the
appropriate control agency (regional water pollution con-
trol boards, state and local health departments. State
Department of Fish and Game) when warranted.
The discussion of water quality data presented in this bulletin
is by water pollution control regions, which are numbered and named
substantially in accordance with the major surface drainage basins with
which they are coterminous (see Frontispiece). Within each region, the
-3-
discussion is presented by basins or stream groups. In each basin or
stream group, the main stream is discussed first, followed by a discus-
sion and summary of data, in downstream order, of all monitoring
stations. The discussion for each monitoring station includes a descrip-
tion of the sampling point, period of quality record, a discussion of
water quality characteristics, and an analysis of significant water
quality changes in 1959- For each station the maximum and minimum con-
centrations of the mineral constituents in the water for the period of
record and for 1959 are given, and also for each station, curves depict-
ing variations in stream flow, specific conductance, and, where applica-
ble, pertinent problem mineral constituent concentrations are presented.
Results of bacteriological and radiological determinations
presented in this bulletin should be considered as only qualitative
indicators; undue weight should not be given to quantitative values. The
indicators contribute to long-term environmental studies.
Results of bacteriological examinations are expressed as the
most probable number (MPN) of coliform bacteria per milliliter (ml) of
sample. In view of the rapidity and frequency of change in the density
of coliform organisms, frequent and "lengthy sampling is necessary before
a truly reliable evaluation can be made.
Results of radiological determinations are expressed in terms
of activity, measured in micro-micro curies per liter (uuc/l). No well
defined limits have been established for maximum safe concentrations of
unknown alpha and beta emitters in domestic water supplies. The
International Commission on Radiological Protection has recommended
provisional criteria for permissible concentrations of radioactivity in
-h-
water. Even though evaluation criteria have been recommended by this
commission, this bulletin does not attempt to evaluate the specific
safety conditions. Pertinent features of these criteria are given in
Appendix A, "Procedures and Criteria."
Appendix A contains a discussion of field and laboratory
procedures and methods, and the criteria utilized by the Department of
Water Resources in evaluating the quality of water. Appendix B contains
the physical, mineral, bacteriological and radiological data for samples
collected during 1959-
SURFACE V/MER QUAJ.I'rY IN SOUTiOiRN CALIFCRIIIA
oUl-f-IARY
During i959» the quality of suri'ace vrater in Southern California
was e;ctremeiy variable, as it has been in pricr years of record and re-
ported in previous bulletins of this series. Deficiency of precipitation
in the 195^-59 rainfall season resiilted in reduced runoff and abnormally
lo\T natural flovrs in most of tue river basins, and at many stations t:.e
stream channels were dry during; t .e later months of the year. Reservoir
3tora^;e for reflation of stream flows showed a ,,eneral decline, as did
the stora e in those reservoirs iirrpounding natural flows for other uses,
i'iany stream flov/s in Southern California consist wholly of v;aste waters
in the absence of natiiral runoff, and, as a consequence, the tiveraje quality
for the year at many stations was not as Good as normal, shovz-in;^ t.;e lack
L-f dilution witr. the better quality natural stream flows.
.A few nev; maximum values were established for concentrations
of constituents of significance in evaluation of v;ater quality; these
maximums v,ere, for t--:e riozt part, for minor constituents such as fluoride
and boron, usually present in only smaill ajnounts.
Central Coastal Region (No. 3)
The Central Coastal Region (No. 3) comprises approximately
11,000 square miles of coastal valleys and mountain ranges. The region
extends about 275 miles along the coast, from the southern boundary of
Pescadero Creek Basin (about 35 miles south of the City of San Francisco)
to the southeasterly boundary of Rincon Creek Basin (approximately 70
miles north of Los Angeles), and averages about 50 miles in width.
Valley and mesa lands occupy about 2,000 square miles in the
region. The coast line is rocky and rugged except for a few river deltas.
Mountain peaks exceed 5)000 feet in elevation in most of the ranges.
Sawmill Mountain at the head of Sisquoc River, tributary to Santa Maria
River, reaches an altitude of 8,750 feet.
Mean seasonal runoff in the region is 2,UU7,600 acre-feet. The
region is semiarid, and most of the streams flow intermittently. Winter
and spring flows are often large and constitute a flood hazard.
The principal hydrographic units in Central Coastal Region
include San Lorenzo, Pajaro, Salinas, Carmel, Santa Maria, and Santa
Ynez. In this region lU sampling stations are monitored to maintain
surveillance of surface water quality. The monitored streams and the
number of stations on each (in parentheses) are presented in the follow-
ing tabulation:
San Lorenzo River (l) San Benito River (l) San Antonio River (l)
Soquel River (l) Carmel River (l) Cuyama River (l)
Pajaro River (l) Salinas River (3) Santa Ynez River (2)
Uvas Creek (l) Nacimiento River (l)
The upper reaches of the Salinas River, and the Nacimiento,
Cuyama, and Santa Ynez Rivers are in the area monitored by the Southern
District of the Department of Water Resources. The stations on these
streeuns are shown on Plate 1 and are discussed in this report (Part II
of Bulletin No. 65-59)' The remaining stations in this region are
discussed in Part I, published separately.
-9-
Salinas River Basin
The Salinas River Basin is located in the central portion of
the Central Coastal Region. The watershed has an area of i+j^+OO square
miles, of which mountains and foothills cover approximately 3^^80 square
miles, and valley and mesa lands occupy the remaining 920 square miles.
The basin extends inland from the coast about I50 miles in a south-
easterly direction, bounded on the west by the Coast Range and on the
east by the Temblor Range. The Salinas River traverses the rich lands
of Salinas Valley for nearly 100 miles, and discharges to ^tonterey Bay
near Castroville.
Mean annual runoff from the watershed is approximately 713>800
acre-feet, while the average annual flow at Station ii3c, near Bradley,
is about 31+0,000 acre -feet.
Nacimiento River and San Antonio River are tributaries of
Salinas River. During the summer season all three of these rivers are
usually dry.
The principal reservoirs on the Salinas River system are
Nacimiento Reservoir and Salinas Reservoir. Several smaller reservoirs
in the headwater area store surface water supplies for local needs.
Since 195^, flood waters stored by Nacimiento Reservoir have been
released during the summer months for artificial replenishment of ground
water storage. Recreational facilities are provided at Nacimiento
Reservoir and Salinas Reservoir.
The economy of the basin depends primarily on agriculture,
which is extensively developed on the highly productive valley lands.
Food processing and siogar refining are the dominant industries. Water
-10-
requirements for agriculture, industry, municipalities, and domestic use
are met by utilization of ground water supplies.
The five stations maintained to monitor surface water quality
in this basin are:
Monitoring Station
Salinas River at Paso Robles
Salinas River near Bradley
Salinas River near Spreckels
Nacimiento River near San
Miguel
San Antonio River at Pleyto
Page Number of
Station Discussion
12
Ik
Part I of this bulletin
16
18
-11-
SALINAS RIVER AT PASO ROBLES (STA. i<-3a)
Sampling Point . Station U3a is located in Section 33 of Township 26
South, Range 12 East, Mount Diablo Base and Meridian. Water samples
were collected from the left bank just upstream from the United States
Geological Survey gage on 13th Street Bridge in Paso Robles, 3-5 miles
upstream from Huerhuero Creek.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959 •
Water Quality Characteristics . Throughout the period of record the
water has generally been calcium-sodium bicarbonate in character, usually
class 1 for irrigation, moderately to very hard, and has met drinking
water standards for mineral constituents. Boron occasionally exceeds the
limit of 0.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The nine year record indicates seasonal
changes in mineral concentrations, varying with volume of flow, and a
slight increase in mineral content during the period of record. Surface
flow occurred from January to April 1959'
■12-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Maximum of Record
HlnlBum of Record
MAxlnum
1959
Hlnljinia - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C)
Tampsrature In °?
DlasolTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
pH
1,213
79
lU.O
136
9-B
277
lt6
6.8
70
6.6
1,079
76
lU.o
136
e^
585
52
7.0
79
I-5_
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Kg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COi)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
95
37
llU
7.2
19
373
161
96
5.6
0.7
0.80
ItO
'•5
17
20
O.i.
0.0
115
l»0
11.5
0.5
O.lU
O.OU
_15
95
37
llU
2.8
0.00
373
161
96
k.2
0.7
0.55
_k2
65
26
29
1.8
0.00
226
91
35
2.0
0.2
0.15
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodltai
Hardness as CaCO^ In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidltr In parts per million
1,283
'•7
527
126
>1,200
178
16
120
<5
655
'•7
389
89
<5
lt03
19
269
<5
Conform In most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Wssolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
7,000
0.00
3.37
18.02
29.18
<0.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
700
station dry
23
during
May and Sep' ember
♦J Oi
ol
S.3
— 600
500
ItOO
300
200
100
1,25c
1,100
950
800
650
500
350
200
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
■Jl
/-{..
t
.r./l\
ii::
ti
:|'
(:
■|.'
t
w-
■n
,.\
I
.T-
4
r
I
2,000
1,800
1,600
?
1,U00
1,200
^
1,000
a
800
600
l»00
200
ti4iijj*so*io jrwAH.t.1 asono
1952
44-H
.UL
iiiui^
J * MAHJ J * S ON
1953
Jl.
AHJJASONO J'MkMj^ A^OI.0
1954
1955
AUAL
K « ■ J J * S W
1956
kMJjAlONO
1957
FMAK.JASIMO
1956
J iIAMjJASOIO
1959
SALINAS .RIVER AT PASO R0BLES(STA.43a)
13
SALINAS RIVER NEAR BRADLEY (STA. k^c)
Sampling Point . Station k^c is located in Section 15 of Township 23
South, Range 10 East, Mount Diablo Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank at the United States Geological Survey-
gaging station, six miles northwest of Bradley and seven miles down-
stream from San Antonio River's confluence with the Salinas River.
Period of Record . October 1958 through December 1959«
Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is
calcium-magnesium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation,
moderately hard, and meets drinking water standards for mineral constit-
uents.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The data for the 15 month period of
record indicate a vei^- slight increase in mineral content. Surface flow
at this station occurred throughout the year, regulated by Nacimiento
reservoir releases.
-Ik-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimim - 1959
Specific conductance (ralcromhos at 250C) 61? 278 f\? 27fi
Temperature in °F y^ e^ n-i eg
mssolved oxygen In parts par million 12.0 7.5 12.0 7.5
Percent saturation 12lj 7li 12li 82
pH 8-'' 7.7 e.U 7.7
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 29 26 29 ?6
Magnesium (Mg) 16 11 16 13
Sodium (Na) ' ^6 11 U6 11
Potassium (K) 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.7
Carbonate (CO-j) 12 0.00 12 0.00
Bicarbonate (HOO3) 221, I05 221, 105
Sulfate (SOk) 35 2li 3U 7h
Chloride (Cl) 33 8 33 8
Nitrate (NOj) 0.6 0.25 0.6 0.5
Fluoride (F) 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1
Boron (B) O.ll 0.05 0.12 0.05
Silica (Si02) 20 10 15 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 210
Percent sodium 31
Hardness as CaCOi in parts per million
Total 226
Noncarbonate 51
Turbidity in parts per million <25
161, 210 175
16 31 16
116 226 119
51
<5 <25 <5
Coliforra in most probable number per milliliter No conforms in 1958 62 0.1,5
RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha Station established 0.09 0.00
Solid alpha October 195S 0.1,1 O.I8
Dissolved beta 2.50 0.00
Solid beta 6.56 3.71
WATER QUALITY
' VARIATIONS
T T
1 1
T + " "
7nn .....
o^~- i
£0 1J> '
^~ 600 -I-
1
3 +3
-i"
^ 7
1
"i tCnn -
1- K
•
<y E T T
10 ^^ I^QO j__ ---1-
..:::::::::::.:::::::::::: i
t 1 '1
J .
300 1- - - -
'.:l.i.1
t
^ *<
MT"
200
T 1 1
_!.. 1 J ^
SALINAS RIVER NEAR BRADLEY (STA 43c )
NACBffENTO RIVER NEAR SAN MIGUEL (STA. U3b)
Sang)ling Point. Station 43b is located in Section k of Township 25 South,
Range 11 East, MD\mt Diablo Base and Meridian. • Samples were collected
from the right bank at the Iftiited States Geological Survey gaging station
at Bee Rock Road bridge in Camp Roberts, four miles upstream from the
Nacimlento River's confluence with Salinas River.
Period of Record. October I958 through December 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics. The quality of the surface water at this
station is excellent. The water is calcium bicarbonate in character,
class 1 for irrigation, meets drinking water standards for mineral content,
and is moderately hard.
Significant Water Quality Changes. The data show that there has been a
very slight increase in mineral content during the I5 month period of
record. Surface flow was available for saiipling each month.
-16-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximura of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 | Mlnimwi - 1959
Specific conductance (micromhos at 25°C) 338
Temperature in °F 76
mssolTed oxygen In parts par million 13.0
Percent saturation 125
pH 8.ii
218 338 238
56 76 _ 56
7.0 10.6 7.0
71 102 7!j
7.L e.li l.h
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 33
Magnesium (Mg) 18
Sodium (Na) 11
Potassium (K) 2.0
Carbonate (CO3) 7.2
Bicarbonate (HCO3) I66
Sulfate (SOl) 29
Chloride (CI) 12
Nitrate (NO3) 1.0
Fluoride (F) 0.1
Boron (B) 0.I8
Silica (Si02) 20
22 33 22
9.6 18 13
6.I4 n 7
0.7 2.0 1.1
0.00 0.00 0.00
90 166 112
20 29 20
5 12 7
0.3 1.0 0.5
0.00 0.1 0.00
0.00 0.18 0.00
10 20 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 220
Percent sodium 16
Hardness as CaC03 in parta per million
Total 156
Noncarbonate 3O
Turbidity In parts per million <?5
117 220 155
10 16 10
97 156 110
13 30 13
<5 <25 <5
Coliform In most probable number per milliliter 23 0.h5 23 0.b5
RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha Station Establ shed 0.?2 0.00
Solid alpha October 1958 0.27 0.20
Dissolved beta 11. Ill 3.19
Solid beta 2.59 2.51
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
T
a u\
t"^ 300 -
A .'
3 ♦i ^^
1"
::::::::"::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::,^:::::^^
u
; i-.-i
7;" _ _
13
w ,««
iL.
, .f.L.
(2 150 _
"^
u
Ef
^' "^
a
"" 1
- - _
jFH*MJJ*SONOjrH*MJJ'50NOjFH*liJJA10NI jFUAIIJJASONOjrilAMj
JASON0jrM*MjjaSOHl}jriiaMjjA9OII0jPHAMJJ*tOMajrMAUjjASOil0
1951 1952 1953 1954 19'
i5 1956 1957 1958 1959
NACIMIENTO RIVER NEAR SAN MIGUEL (STA.43b)
17
SM ANTONIO RIVER AT PLEYTO (STA. k^d)
Sangllng Point. Station 43d is located in Section 3 of Township 2^+
South, Range 9 East, Motint Diablo Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank, at the United States Geological Survey
gage at Pleyto bridge, 15 miles vest of Bradley.
Period of Record. February 195^ through December 1959 •
Water Quality Characteristics. The surface water at this station is
calcium-magnesium bicarbonate in character, moderately hard, class 1
for irrigation, and meets drinking water standards for mineral con-
stituents.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None .
-18-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Ma)cimum - 1959 Minimum - 195?
Specific conductance (micromhos at 25°C) 512
Temperature in °F 8?
DisBOlved ojtygen in parta per nllllon 13.?
Percent aaturation I38
pH 8.lj
257 lili5 397
5!j 82 58
h.O 12.5 h.o
39 125 39
7.1 8.1, 7.2
Mineral conatituenta in parta per million
Calcium (Ca) 59
Magnesium (Mg) 19
Sodium (Na) 25
Potassium (K) 2.0
Carbonate (CO3) 0.0
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 198
Sulfate (SOv) 66
Chloride (CI) 26
Nitrate (NO3) 3.1
Fluoride (F) 0.6
Boron (B) 0.07
Silica (Si02) 30
30 55 LI
9 19 15
8 23 15
1.3 2.0 1.7
0.0 0.0 0.0
101. 185 156
39 66 58
6 19 12
0.0 3.1 0.0
0.0 0.6 0.0
0.00 O.OIj 0.00
?li 30 25
Total dissolved aollda in parts per million 315
Percent sodiva 23
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total 208
Noncarbonate h7
Turbidity in parts per million <'25
161 315 ?6U
1-3 21 Ik
11? 197 172
1j7
<5 <25 <5
Colifom in most probable number per milliliter 62 0.li5 62 0.15
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha Station Establisl eJ 0.20 Station Dry-
Solid alpha October, 1958 0.'62 September, 1959
Dissolved beta 0. 9lj
Solid beta 3] 8(5
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
T
600 - - -
u
5Zv 500 - H IL
♦» CM
U
S^ _ _
.
« 1 „«
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::'7 J"":
z:z _l_
•HO I _
S-g 300 1 + .._. H
t
*- ^
200 _ _ -.
__ _L 1
i ' "^
T T T
1
U0..i t-Xl
r 1 I
j\
j. 1 , ,
30 1 ! i !
:...l jiffl it'i! ~"1'^'"""'
" , -r -I--H-+ 4- --L-^
M in ■ iH""tr!it ' —
T T T 1
S 20 ...1 4... J ^.. i_.
1 fit. n iri y
5 11^ I4.I
i4i.M...|i:Mrir 1'"
m
" 10 i
I... M I ISl.iUlii I 11 1
1
! ' 'i '1 1! " 1 \
1 IL.^ L^J 1 - ,
I4"l:l"iiiii"'iii""ir"":j"""ir::
JASOMl>jrH*MJJ«SOI*0jFtl*MJj«SON0 jrUAH.'jd.v.HOJ»U '. «%CHQ
1951 1952 1953 1954 19
55 1956 1957 1958 1959
SAN ANTONIO RIVER NEAR PLEYTO (STA.43d)
19
Cuyama River Basin
Cuyama River Basin is a part of the Santa Maria River drainage
area and is in the southeastern portion of the Central Coastal Region, The
upper reach of the river flows northwesterly through narrow canyons and
small valleys, and then westward across the northern part of Cuyama Valley
to Twitchell Dam. The river flows southerly from the dam to join the
Sisquoc River, forming Santa Maria River at their confluence. The Cuyama
Valley Basin is boiinded on the north by the Santa Lucia Mountains and
Caliente Mountains, and on the south by the San Rafael Mountains and
Sierra Madre Mountains.
The Cuyama River drains about 1,200 square miles. The mean
annual discharge measured at a point about 10 miles upstream from Santa
Maria is estimated at 15,200 acre-feet. The river is usually dry during
the summer months. Twitchell Dam, completed late in 1959^ stored no
water during the year.
There are no known direct uses of the surface waters. Normal
flows percolate into the streambed to recharge ground water basins in
Cuyama and Santa Maria Valleys. Local water needs are met by pumping
from wells.
The one station maintained to monitor surface water quality in
this basin is Cuyama River near Garey. It is discussed on page 22.
I
-21-
CUYAMA RIVER NEAR GAREY (STA. kka)
Sampling Point . This station is located in Section 25 of Township 10
North, Range 33 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank at mid depth of the flow, 0.5 mile north
of Santa MEiria Mesa Road and 6 miles downstream from Twitchell Dam.
Period of Record . October 1958 through December 1959»
Water Quality Characteristics . The surface flow has generally been
calcivim-sodium-magnesium sulfate in character, very hard, and has not
met drinking water standards for mineral content. A high sulfate content
is a characteristic of this water. It is Class 2 for irrigation.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Water samples were collected during
the first 5 months of 1959* During the remaining months of the year
the station was dry. The data for the 15 months of record for this
station indicate a gradual increase in mineral content of the surface
water.
-22-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Majdmura - 1959 Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (ralcromhos at 25°C) ?,1P9
Temperature in °F 7!i
Dissolved oxygen in parts par million 111. 2
Percent saturation 152
pH 6.I4
l.liftii 2,189 1,761
5I4 7li 5U
7.0 13.0 9.5
7U 125 100
8.0 8.1i 8.0
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 227
Magnesium (Mg) 103
Sodium (Na) 165
Potassium (K) 6.6
Carbonate (CO3) 0.00
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 327
Sulfate (SOl) 9l,7
Chloride (CI) 99
Nitrate (NOj) 0.00
Fluoride (F) 0.7
Boron (B) 0.)j3
Silica (SiOg) 20
126 227 157
83 103 96
120 165 136
3.7 6.6 5,1
0.00 0.00 0.00
209 327 209
60U 9U7 739
77 99 90
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.6 0.7 0.6
0.26 O.I42 0.26
15 20 20
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 1,760
Percent sodiun 30
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total 990
Honcarbonate 800
Turbidity in parts per million <25
1,167 1,760 1,523
23 29 23
6m 990 729
1j35 800 520
<5 <25 <5
Coliform in most probable number per nllllliter No Conforms In 1958 13 0.6
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha Station Established 0.20 Dry during
Solid alpha October 1958 0.31 September
Dissolved beta U.70 1959
Solid beta 0.28
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
Q. 1,000
900 ..
i 1 - A -
1 800
" " i -
t T
« 700 4_
"""" " "" ""' " 111
2 600 -4- -
"S
^ eryi
1
1
® '~^ ? noo .-_ - --
t" i
§S^
t 1
u
"2 • 1 8nn
c n
;C _. .__
-H p
'*i 7X ^ fson - -~
zr\ 1 1
g-s ' ' T
t. .:_:::::::::::::::::::::::::ir^
jtjl ■ ^'tt T
1 POO .-..-.... . -1-
" ""-* 1 — h
1 1
10 ■
' T TT T T
:i::::iiir::::T"'"Tii]]i uir
-- T 1
£ 20 J. ^ 1
--4-1- |-i--r- - 4-1-+ t-L -(- 4^ -tU
" tl Ft 1 li^ljitl 1 T
1 . 1 ' ^' ■ '
g, T "^ ■ t 1 t 'T
« 10 J lJ^ ^, 4---I- J.
1 t t ^ "^ tijT^
S -^4-++ -k-++-l+-tif
.t--1Sti Mt iZi'
i [iN '^i T| t 1
ci.ti :.ii u ■■■■''¥:::.
JASONDjrHAHjJ*4ONOjrHAHjjASO««DJ>'M«HjJ*SON0jrH*M..*SuN0
1951 1952 1953 1954 19
55 1956 1957 i958 1959
CUYAMA RIVER NEAR GAREY (STA 44q )
23
Santa Ynez River Basin
The Santa Ynez River Basin drains an area of about 900 square
miles in the southern part of the Central Coastal Region. The basin
lies between the San Rafael Mountains on the north and the Santa Ynez
Mountains on the south. Three- fourths or 7^9 square miles of the
drainage basin is mountainous, and the remaining 13^ square miles is
classed as valley and mesa lands.
The Santa Ynez River flows westward across the southern
portion of Santa Barbara County, and discharges to the Pacific Ocean
near Surf, California, 10 miles downstream from Lompoc. The mean
annual mmoff to the ocean is approximately to, 000 acre-feet.
The three reservoirs on the main Santa Ynez River channel
controlling the flow are: Jamison Lake, Santa Barbara Reservoir, and
Lake Cachuma. Of these, only Lake Cachuma offers recreational facil-
ities. Recreational opportunities are also available at several
locations along the river.
The principal use of the Santa Ynez River water is municipal
supply for the City of Santa Barbara. The water is exported from
Santa Barbara Reservoir and from Cachuma Reservoir to the city by means
of tunnels. Water is also diverted and exported through a tunnel at a
point downstream from Jamison Lake to Montecito County Water District.
Water requirements of the coastal portion of the Santa Ynez River Basin
are met by ground water supplies.
The headwaters area of the river contains a number of resorts
and campsites. AgricuJ.tural land in the middle reach east of the Lomxxjc
Plain is fully developed, but the land area involved is small. Agriculture
.2li
in the Lompoc Plain is extensive. The Vandenberg Air Force Base in and
adjacent to the basin near the coast is the scene of the chief indus-
trial activity in the basin. The rapid expansion of the City of Lompoc
is associated with activities at the base. Processing of agriculttoral
products is the major civilian industry.
The two stations established to monitor surface water quality
in this basin are:
Monitoring Station
Santa Ynez River at Cachioma
Reservoir
Santa Ynez River near Solvang
Page
Number
of
Station Discussion
26
28
-25-
SANTA YWEZ RIVER AT CACHUMA RESERVOIR (STA. kh'b)
Sampling Point . Station ^i+b is located in Section 19, Township 6 North,
Range 30 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from Cachuma Reservoir at the left abutment of the dam, one-half foot
below the water siirface.
Period of Record . April I958 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The reservoir water is ceilcium- magnesium
sulfate-bicarbonate in character and very hard; however, it meets drinking
water standards for mineral constituents. It is class 1 irrigation water,
except that boron content occasionally exceeds the limit of O.5 ppm for
class 1 water.
Significajit Water Quality Changes . None. Cachuma Reservoir filled to
neajc capacity in February and March of 1959. Improved water quality was
evident from analyses of water samples collected in the s\ammer months.
-26-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record Minirauin of Record Maximum - 195? Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (micromhos at 250C) 7<7
Temperature in °F 72
Dissolved oxygen In parts par million H.U
Percent saturation 129
PH 8.1,
685 75? 703
51) 72 5I1
I4.0 11.0 5.8
kl 126 60
7.1 8.1, 7 1
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 78
Magnesium (Mg) 38
Sodium (Na) 38
Potassium (K) 3.5
Carbonate (CO3) 0.0
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 215
Sulfate (SO)^) 235
Chloride (CI) 23
Nitrate (NOj) I.7
Fluoride (F; 0.5
Boron (B) 0.82
Silica (3102) 11,
60 7li 61
30 38 35
33 38 33
2.6 3.lj 2.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
168 215 168
182 222 208
12 17 12
0.0 1.7 0.0
0.2 0.5 0.2
0.18 0.58 0.21
2 5 2
Total dissolTod solids in parts per nlllion 530
Percent sodiiai 22
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total 330
Noncarbonate 171,
Turbidity in parts per railllon <25
li61, 530 507
17 21 17
283 330 307
136 172 151
<5 <25 <5
Collform in most probable number per milliliter 2.3
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha Station es
Solid alpha October 1
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
0.1,5 2.3 0.1,5
tablihed O.IJ, 0.20
958 l.Olj 0.27
6.67 a. 88
7.12 0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
ICO - -
!
.^
» 300
- - ! '--■'• j^---f
1^ 1
* 1
a
•3" 250
1 I
T " "^ "
200 -
00
3 UN 800
T"
S S 700
I"""" '''w::^'
E
C g
'!
It 60o[ - I
0.^ 61XJ -^
8 - --- --
1
^ 7 _ _
1
," «; f,
"'"
1- 5 __
:::::::: /
gS^ h - - -.
/
2o
,*^ 3 -- ---
" 7 =[-/-■
gg 2 - --
r""7
£2
no 1
t 17
5a
Y
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
SANTA YNEZ RIVER ATCACHUMA RESERVOIR
(STA.44b)
27
SANTA YI^IEZ RIVER NEAR SOLVANG (sm. 45a)
Sampling Point . Station U5a is located in Section 22 of Township 6
North, Range 31 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the right bank at mid-depth of the flow, at the United
States Geological Siirvey gage at Mission Road bridge, 25 feet downstream
from Alisal Creek and 0.9 mile south of Solvang.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The siirface water at this station is
generally calcium-magnesium siilfate-bicarbonate in character, occasionally
changing to magnesium bicarbonate. The specific conductance normally
exceeds 1,000 micromhos, placing the water in class 2 for irrigation.
The water is extremely hard, but generally meets drinking water stand-
ards for mineral constituents. Boron has only rarely exceeded 0.5 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The data for the nine years of record
for this station show a slight increase in mineral content. The river
at this station was dry from August to December 1959.
■28-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itoa
HaxLjium of Record
Hlnlnum of Record
Ma)Clmuin - 1959
Mlnljiiun - 1959
Specific conductance (micromhoe at 25°C)
Tanperature in °7
DlssolTed oxygen in parta par million
Percent saturation
pH
1,361
80
i6.o
1U2
9.l«
1*1*1
W
U.2
6.8
1,361
80
12.5
116
8.6
900
St
6.6
66
7.8
Mineral constitnenta in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Ma^esium (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
PoUssium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO1)
Fluoride {?)
Boron (B)
Silica (S102)
113
68
76
7.
2li
527
?9k
8I4
5.
00
00
0.60
0.72
1*0
76
37
36
1
lUi
189
17
0.00
0.20
0.00
10
91
61
76
2.2
0.00
527
2m
56
5.00
0.60
0.1*0
25
90
1*3
1*5
1.8
0.00
281
210
31*
0.00
0.20
0.17
22
Total dissolved solids in parts per nilllon
Percent sodi\M
Hardness as CaOO^ in parts per nilllon
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
671*
25
667
27?
1*50
565
16
162
II46
<5
721*
22
667
235
150
629
18
1*00
166
<5
Coltform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
7,000
0.55
0.31
2.01
7.55
<0.1i5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7,000
0.00
0.31
0.71
0.81
0.1*5
station Dry
Sept. 1959
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
o-i
9-2
700
600
500
1*00
300
200
100
1,1*00
1,200
1,000
800
600
1*00
nil llll
--\'v,',-.-
V'-
J
n4
I''''
z::.
/'
.,,..
\
i
r"
r-'
100
50
J 9 M«M J J A SONO
1951
■
rwAMjj atONO
1952
r mamj J • s o NC
1953
>illill-^-HHJIIIl!
AHJJ ASONO jrilJlMj JASOMO
1954 1955
'-:^
ki
JFM*HJJ« lOHO
N,
jrilAHjvASOND
1956 1957
11:
1
rUhU J i ASONQ jrMaHj jASONC
1958 1959
SANTA YNEZ RIVER NEAR SOLVANG (STA.45o)
29
STREAM
CENTRAL CO
KEY MAP
Station
Number
hie.
Salinas
k-JSb
TJaoirnie!
43c
Salinas
43d
Santa A;
y^a
Cuyama ;
lt4b
Santa Yl
h^&
Santa Yi
LEGEND
#"° SURFACE WATER SAMPLING STATION
■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
)EPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
(FACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
REAM SAMPLING STATIONS
CENTRAL COASTAL REGION(NO. 3)
1959
SCALE OF MILES
^i gf
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
CHWRAL COASTAL REGION (NO. 3)
Station
Number Station Name
h^a Salinas River at Paso Robles
'•■31' Naolmlento River near San Miguel
'tSo Salinas River near Bradley
'*33. Santa Antonio River near Pleyto
Wta Cujrama River near Garey
Vtb Santa Tnez River at Cachuma Reservoir
't5& Santa Ynez River near Solvang
Los Angeles Region (No. k)
The Los Angeles Region (No. h) comprises all areas draining
into the Pacific Ocean between the southeastern boundary of the watershed
of Rincon Creek in Ventura County and the Los Angeles -Orange County line.
The region extends approximately 13O miles along the coast and aversiges
kO miles in width, occupying an area of about '+,260 square miles.
The region contains broad coastal and inland valleys hemmed in
by rugged mountainous terrain. The Santa Monica Mountains, Simi Hills,
and San Gabriel Mountains form a drainage divide between the group of
streams flowing over the Ventura County Coastal Plain and the group that
flows across the Los Angeles County Coastal Plain.
Four stream systems on which surveillance is maintained for
surface water quality monitoring are shown on Plate 2, and are listed in
the following tabulation together with the number of sampling stations
(in parentheses) monitored on each.
Ventura River (2) Los Angeles River (3)
Ssuita Clara River (5) San Gabriel River (3)
Surface water imported to the region is monitored at the termini
of the conveyance systems. The sources of these waters are the Mono Basin-
Owens River, and the Colorado River.
Los Angeles Region is semiarid, and its streams flow inter-
mittently. Occasionally, winter storms of flood magnitude occur, but
flood control works in both Ventura County and Los Angeles County minimize
the hazards in the populated areas on the flood plains. A number of off-
stream percolation basins are used to recharge ground water basins
artificially with storm water stored in flood control basins, making up.
-31-
Los Angeles Region (No. h)
The Los Angeles Region (No. h) comprises all areas draining
into the Pacific Ocean between the southeastern boundary of the watershed
of Rincon Creek in Ventura County and the Los Angeles -Orange County line.
The region extends approximately 13O miles along the coast and averages
kO miles in width, occupying an area of about h,260 square miles.
The region contains broad coastal aind inland valleys hemmed in
by rugged mountainous terrain. The Santa Monica Mountains, Simi Hills,
and Saji Gabriel Mountains form a drainage divide between the group of
streams flowing over the Ventura County Coastal Plain and the group that
flows across the Los Angeles County Coastal Plain.
Pour stream systems on which surveillance is maintained for
surface water quality monitoring are shown on Plate 2, and are listed in
the following tabulation together with the number of sairapling stations
(in parentheses) monitored on each.
Ventura River (2) Los Angeles River (3)
Santa Claira River (5) San Gabriel River (3)
Surface water imported to the region is monitored at the termini
of the conveyance systems. The sources of these waters are the Mono Basin-
Owens River, and the Colorado River.
Los Angeles Region is seraiarid, and its sti-eams flow inter-
mittently. Occasionally, winter storms of flood magnitude occur, but
flood control works in both Ventura County and Los Angeles County minimize
the hazards in the populated areas on the flood plains . A number of of f -
stream percolation basins are used to recharge ground water basins
artificially with storm water stored in flood control basins, making up.
-31-
in part, the natural percolation in river chamnels lost through channel
improvement. Precipitation throughout the 1958-1959 rainfall season was
below normal, resulting in substantially reduced runoff and stream flows.
During the summer months, most of the natural watercourses were dry, and
reservoir storage was very low. The drought conditions resulted in
increased mineral content of the surface waters in 1959*
■32-
Ventura River Basin
The Ventura River Basin watershed lies in the northwest por-
tion of the Los Angeles Region. It comprises an area of approximately
225 square miles, 195 square miles of which are mountains and foothills
and only 32 square miles are valley land. It is bounded on the west by
the Santa Ynez Mountains and on the east by the Sulphur and Topatopa
Mountains. The Ventura River flows southward to the ocean near Ventura.
The mean annual runoff of the Ventura River is estimated to be 67,800
acre-feet.
There are two reservoirs in the Ventura River watershed.
Casitas Reservoir on Coyote Creek was completed in 1959 3Xid did not
store water during the year. Matilija Reservoir on the Ventura River
stored water for irrigation use. Limited recreational use is made of
Matilija Reservoir.
The arable portion of the basin is fully developed for agri-
culture. Petroleum is produced from several oil fields along the Ventura
River system. The oil waste waters are discharged to evaporation ponds
or sumps, or are discharged to the ocean by pipeline.
The City of Ojai discharges sewage effluent from a secondary
treatment plant (0.2 mgd) to San Antonio Creek, a tributary to Ventura
River.
The two monitoring stations maintained for surveillance of
surface water quality in the Ventura River watershed are:
Monitorin:- Station
Matilija Creek above Matilija
Dam
Ventura River near Ventura
-33-
Page
Number
of
Station Discussion
3»^
36
MATILIJA CREEK ABOVE MATILIJA DAM (STA. h^)
Sampling Point . Station Ujb is located in Section 19 of Township 5
North, Range 23 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Matilija Creek
■was sampled from the left bank during high flows and at the center of
the stream during low flows, at the United States Geological Survey-
gaging station two miles upstream from Matilija Eam.
Period of Record . May 1953 through December 19^9.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is usually
calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in character and extremely hard. Sulfate
concentrations generally exceed the maximum value recommended for
drinking water, ajid boron concentrations often place the water in class
2 or class 3 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Boron concentrations in 1959 ex-
ceeded the limit of O.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water. Low flows
during the latter part of the year did not provide enough dilution to
prevent boron concentrations from exceeding limiting concentrations for
class 2 irrigation water. Hydrogen sulfide odor was noted in all
samples collected in 1959'
-3h-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
HaxLmum of Record Hinliniim of Record
Maximum - 195!^
Minimum -1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
1,780
66
IU.5
153
8.U
U.O
uo
6.8
1,17''
80
9.0
108
8.3
56
7.0
71
7.8
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOr)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO3)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
166
UU
ISi*
9.1
75
''53
Uli
276
5.5
2.5
6.U
US
69.5
18
17
0.0
0.0
lUU
22lt
7
0.0
o.u
0.0
10
120
31
91
3.8
0.0
268
279
100
0.00
l.l*
3.15
20
111
30
UO
1.9
0.0
190
276
19
0.00
0.7
0.56
10
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodixm
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1,2'»0
38
925
811
5,000
U2U
12
20U
88
795
33
U8U
26U
<25
672
18
387
203
<5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
> 7,000
1.68
1.02
9-71
8.79
< 0.1*5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2li0
.1*6
.70
1-59
2.25
<0.1t5
Ho Sample
in Sept. 1959
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
MATILIJA CREEK ABOVE MATILIJA DAM (STA.45b)
35
VENTURA RIVER NEAR VENTURA (STA. 6l)
Sampling Point . Station 6l is located in Section 8 of Township 3 North,
Remge 23 West, Saji Bernardino Base and Meridiaui. Samples were collected
from the right bajtk five miles north of Ventura, 300 feet downstream from
Highway 150 bridge at the United States Geologiceil Survey ga^e in Foster
Memorial Park.
Period of Record . May 1951 throiogh December 1959*
Vfeiter Quality Characteristics . Ventura River water at this station is
calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character, and very hard. Boron occasion-
ally exceeds the limit of O.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water. This water
meets drinking water standards for mineral content, except in some instances
when sulfates exceed the recommended limits.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality of the water in 1959 >
depreciated to near the average for the period of record, after showing
improvement in I958 as the result of higher than average runoff from the
above normal rainfall in the I957-I958 precipitation season.
-36-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Iten
Haxlmiun of Record
Minimum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Mlnljnum
1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25*^C)
Temperature in °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
pH
1,980
62
16.8
211
282
2.0
21.
7.2
79
12.0
llt7
8a.
"•33
55
6.0
61.
__Li!_
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SO^)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride {?)
Boron (B)
Silica (SIO2)
166
1.5
119
6.0
19.0
361.
321.
260
10.9
0.8
1
25
32
37
6
10
l.U
0.00
115
33
8
0.00
0.1
0.00
10
121
37
86
2.6
0.00
315
272
73
2.0
0.6
0.66
_^5
118
36
53
2.U
0.00
200
261
UU
0.00
0.5
0.30
15
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodiin
Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1,037
37
67U
1.38
1,600
205
12
122
1
725
28
U50
2Ul
< 25
695
189
206
< 5
Coliform In most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
>7D0
0.56
0.60
21.96
7-11
<0.l4S
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
>7D0
0.58
0.50
U.61
3.66
< 0.U5
0.09
0.36
3.30
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
800
600
uoo
200
.r.CX
f'----::
!|:::
['/'['/i
'■■--^k'\
I"
b
r>
C.-:::::::
V o
C o
S.-5
2,000
1,500
V I 1,000
500
*:^+*:
r.j
'-\''-'
y.l^'.D-^tvty.
,\
VENTURA RIVER NEAR VENTURA (STA. 61)
37
Santa Clara River Basin
The Santa Clara Fdver Basin lies in the north central portion
of the Los Angeles Region. The watershed area is about 1,690 square miles.
About fifteen percent of the area is usable for agriculture, the remainder
being mountainous or arid rolling hills. The upper reach of the Santa Clara
River drains the western slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains. It flows
westward between the Santa Susana Mountains and the Topatopa Mountains to
the Pacific Ocean just south of Ventura. The mean annual runoff of Santa
Clara River Basin is estimated at 216,^+00 acre-feet.
Santa Felicia Reservoir (Lake Piru) on Piru Creek is the only
large reservoir on the Santa Clara River system. Fishing and boating
offered by the reservoir are heavily patronized recreational activities.
Surface flow in the Santa Clara River system is generally inter-
mittent, except in areas of rising water. Some surface water is diverted
for irrigation, and to spreading operations for recharge of ground water
basins. Surface waters in the main tributaries are used for municipal
purposes or for spreading, but most of the water supply used in the Santa
Clara River Basin is pumped from wells.
Most of the land in the Santa Clara River Basin suitable for
agriculture has been developed, with the exception of a portion of the
flood plain of the river. Food processing and sugar refining are the
major industries in the basin. The United States Navy's Air Missile Test
Center at Port Hueneme and Construction Battalion Center at Point Mugu
are the major military activities in the basin.
Few waste discharges reach the Santa Clara River or its tribu-
taries because they are retained in percolation ponds and only rarely
overflow to the river channels.
-38-
The five stations established to monitor the quality of surface
waters in the Santa Cleira River Basin are:
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Santa Clara River at Los
Angeles -Ventura County Line Uo
Santa Clara River near
Sajita Paula k2
Piru Creek near Piru kk
Sespe Creek near Fillmore U6
Santa Paula Creek near
Santa Paula k&
-39-
SANTA CLARA RIVER AT LOS ANGELES- VENTURA COUNTY LINE (STA. kS)
Sampling Point . Station k6 is situated in Section 30 of Township h North,
Range 17 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The river was sampled
from the right bank at Newhall Ranch Road crossing, one-half mile down-
stream from Los Angeles -Ventura County line ajid one-half mile upstreajn
from Ventura County gage.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959'
Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at Station h6 is usually
calcium-sodium sulfate in character, poor in quaJ-ity, high in sulfates,
and extremely hard. This water is often class 2 or class 3 for irrigation
use due to high total dissolved solids, and boron concentrations which
often exceed 0.5 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Data reveal a significant increase in
dissolved solids in 1959, reaching a new maximum of 3? 2^4-5 ppm for the
nine-year period of record. The concentration of boron also reached a new
record of 2.31 ppm during the year, while the concentration of sulfate
reached a maximum of l,6'+5 Ppm in September 1959*
-ItO-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itoo
Specific conductance (mlcronhos at 25°C)
Temperature In "F
DlssolTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral constitnents in parts per nilllon
CalcluB (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
PotassiiBi in)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (MCO3)
Sulfate (S<X)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (HOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum
5.155
88
15.0
lUg
8.U
302
159
575
9.6
lU
lt03
1,645
267
7.9
1.2
2.31
30
66M
i*2.8
6.0
67
7.0
85
32
U7
3.''
0.00
167
256
20
0.00
0.1.
0.00
10
1959
80
10.6
111
8.U
302
1U8
575
8.0
0.00
389
1,6J.5
267
2.0
1.02
2.31
23
Minimum - 1959
780
U8
7.2
82
7.0
9U
32
72
5.6
0.00
216
256
UO
0.00
0.60
0.26
15
Total dissolyed solids in parts per Billion
Percent sodltB
Hardness as CaCOj In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
3,21*5
69
1,1'50
1,126
> 10,000
63''
23
273
120
< 5
3,2U5
55
1,353
1,057
>10,000
Conform in most probable number par milliliter
RadioactlTity in micro-micro curies per liter
DissolTed alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
>7D,000
0.56
1.02
16.95
20.77
0.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
TOO
0.U6
0.59
0.68
0.00
6U9
27
366
136
< 5
1.3
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
2.0
....a
-" j"^
X.::
#■
M
/\
a
H
6,000
5,000
8.3
l»,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
\
¥■
>■
n
^■■■::l
''\
■;;>3
r
^.'-
I
^
SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR LOS ANGELES
VENTURA COUNTY LINE (STA 46 )
41
SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR SANTA PAULA (STA. k6a.)
Sampling Point. Station kSa. is located in Section 12 of Township 3 North,
Range 21 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Seunples were collected
from the left bank I.5 miles upstream from Santa Paula bridge (Willard
Bridge) and 100 feet north of South Mountain Road.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Chairacteristics . Santa Clara River water at Station k6a. is
usually slightly better in quality than that upstream at Station k6, due
to better quality tributary inflow from Piru and Sespe Creeks between these
stations. The water is usually calcium-sodium sulfate in character, poor
in mineral quaJLity, ajid extremely hard. Moderately high boron concen-
trations and specific conductance values often place the water in class 2
for irrigation use. Sulfates generally greatly exceed the limit of 25O
ppm recommended for drinking water.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Analyses data for 1959 indicate that
concentrations of dissolved minerals were slightly higher than the average
for the prior years of record.
-k2-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Iten
HaxLinuni of Record
Mlnlnum of Record
Maxljiium - 195?
Minimum - 195?
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2500)
Temperature In ®F
Dissolved oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
2,557
86
16.2
170
8.U
933
50
7.6
69
7.U
2,257
77
11.2
112
6.2
1,81^
58
7.0
72
ZJ-
Mlneral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO3)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiOa)
232
96
210
9.3
16.5
3»
957
110
12
1.2
1.78
1*
106
33
51
2.9
0.00
203
281
27
0.00
o.ou
0.00
10
230
91
210
7
0,
399
905
101
12
0,
1.
30
2
00
219
86
11.3
6.5
0.00
290
883
72
8.5
0.8
0.87
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodlxm
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1,9^
1*1.
1,007
729
U,800
655
22
U02
219
< 5
1,890
36
957
729
<25
l,6Uo
29
700
1*50
< 5
Coliform In most probable number per milliliter
RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
7,000
18. U
1.9
20.1
8.50
o.liS
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2,300
0.58
0.70
5-20
0.00
^.5
0.18
0.18
0.80
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
2.0
1.0
E::::vB-':.'sv:;':':cr::;\;'::::^''''-:="''::;::/
f\,.
SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR SANTA PAULA
(STA.46a)
43
PIRU CREEK NEAR PIRU (STA. kSc)
Sampling Point . Station k6c is located in Section 20 of Township k North,
Range l8 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were taken from
the left bank, six inches below the water surface, directly downstream
from the railroad bridge at Piru.
Period of Record . June 1957 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . Piru Creek water is calcium-magnesium
sulfate in character, and varies in mineral quality with releases from
LaJce Piru. Sulfate concentrations normally exceed the limit recommended
for drinking water. Boron is usually present in sufficiently high concen-
trations to place the water in class 2 or class 3 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Mineral analyses for 1959 indicate
that fluoride concentrations averaged about 1.0 ppm and boron averaged
more than 1.0 ppm. The maximum fluoride concentration was 1.2 ppm, equiv-
alent to the previous maximum over the three years of record.
-hk-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item
Specific conductance (talcromhos at 25*^0)
Temperature in °F
DlsaolTed oxygen in parts per million
Percent saturation
PH
Haxlinura of Record
81.
12.6
125
8.1.
Hlnlnum of Record
78U
Uk
7.6
Tl
7-7
Ma)cUiiu.ni - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959
1,792
1?.0
118
971
7.6
9a
8.0
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Ng)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (Cl)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride {?)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
267
135
327
10.7
Ui
503
1,300
99
li.7
l.U
2.30
20
99
39
5U
k.o
0.00
163
338
13
0.00
0.07
0.37
10
137
71
139
6.h
0.00
li96
60li
^3
0.00
1.2
1.56
15
132
50
58
a. 5
0.00
198
a6o
23
0.00
0.9
O.9I1
10
Total dissolved solids In parts per nlllion
Percent sodium
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per nlllion
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
2,1.85
38
1,071
800
> 10,000
725
19
3l»0
167
< 5
1,270
31
71.8
U80
<25
1,006
2a
aoa
2a2
< 5
Collfom In most probable number per .Bllllllter
HadloactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
DissolTed beta
Solid beta
7,000
0.93
0.52
H..58
5.U3
0.6
0.00
0.00
2.51
2.99
7,000
■ 93
0.3"*
9.'t7
5. ''3
0.6
0.00
0.00
I*. 75
0.53
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
3 UN
«> CM
2.0
1.0
2,850
2,550
2,250
1,950
1,650
1,350
1,050
750
100
50
k7:
^
g;
„,.:..
•=v'
1
1 1__ ^
i:::::::::::::::::::...
it
IL...
T
L
- -
1
::::::"::::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::.. ::::::::::::::::::::bi:::::::::^^
1 .....y ...,..,
1 1 .,j.
,....hl
" ' :::: ..^., ...jt...
._.;:: ' Jl./
tl i
: ...;. 4 Li
1.. _ L .ikL t
1951
1952
■ j,>ASOiiO jrif*«V4*9ON0j'M*ilJJ*SOMC J'HAMJJASONO
1953
1955
MAHJ J « lOMO J'MA«JJ«10N0 JVMAI1J.« ft tOMO
1956
Mffil
1957
PIRU CREEK NEAR PIRU (STA.46c)
45
SESPE CREEK NEAR FILLMORE (STA. U6d)
Sampling Point . Station k-66. is located in Section 12 of Township k North,
Raiige 20 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sespe Creek was sampled
from the left bank during low flows and from the right bank during high
flows at the gage, six miles above its confluence with Santa Clara River.
Period of Record . June 1957 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station l4-6d is calcium-
sodium sulfate in character, class 2 to class 3 for irrigation use, and
extremely hard. Sulfates usually exceed the limiting concentration of 250
ppm recommended for drinking water. Boron exceeds 1.0 ppm and ranges to
more thaji k.O ppm.
SignificaJit Water QuaJ-ity Chajiges . Data show that there has been a slight
increase in mineral concentration in the two and one-half years of record.
Fluoride content was 1.5 ppm in May 1959*
-U6-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itam Majdmura of Record Mlnljiium of Record Maximum - 1959 mnlinun - 1959
Specific conductance (micromhoa at 25°C) l,7l8
Temperature in °F 8l
msaolved oxygen in parts par million 15-0
Percent saturation 170
pH 8.1*5
3UU l,U25 788
U8 79 50
2.5 15-0 2.5
23 170 23
7.2 8.1. 7.9
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) lUS
Magnesium (Mg) 56
Sodium (Na) lUO
Potassium (K) 5.0
Carbonate (COi) 2U
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 265
Sulfate (SOl) U08
Chloride (CI) 160
Nitrate (NOj) 3.U
Fluoride (?) l.S
Boron (B) li.06
Silica (Si02) 16
U3.6 111 99
9.2 32 29
10.6 102 U6
1.9 3-8 2.U
0.00 12 0.00
89 23U 133
82 323 300
5 120 2U
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.2 1.5 1-0
O.OU 2.20 0.52
10 10 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 960
Percent sodium U3
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total 622
Noncarbonate ItOJ
Turbidity in parts per million U.OOO
163 775 725
9 38 23
1U7 536 295
55 37i» i-T*
< 5 < 25 < 5
Collform in most probable number per milliliter TOO
Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha 0.23
Solid alpha 0.9U
Dissolved beta 5.75
Solid beta 7-75
< 0.1*5 62 < 0.U5
0.00 0.23 0.09
0.00 0.91* 0.17
0.00 5.75 '••25
0.00 5.21 1.28
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
•'■'' I ' 1 1 1' : 1 '
li.n ;(, 1 1
nl 3.0 (5
S 2.0 -..-_.
'
2 ^ .;.
s 1.0 :,..::.
" """'"" 7'~'\'""v^tM
n,r
\T'' ^^:-y" '
1 Snn
1,1(00 --I- -
TT
1,300 .! _-l _
---/ui - - ^
1,200
y^.-. A
a." 1,100
{ ;,' \ i\r
3 tr>
*i CM
H ^ 1,000 -
t xJj ',, 7- -
13 tf
B 900 4. 1
/ . J nUC ^ -
"1 t
ii 1 800 __
1 /; ,
eg + T ^
•Sii TOO 1 -.1 -
t 1 1
83 t
« 600 .._L....l.
500 4- -4- |- -L
llOO...^ 1 i-f-l t- - 4- -1
300 1
■
3m
"" TFT
" 200 -
•s IT jfrr
£. ,0 .
& ,0
o_ (C ^^
1 ' ^-
■g 100 r-^ - -
Q _
-1
s \ \ '
\ .] \ * \* ^\
J.. — jj.lo.llvr-.-.j.jo«ojr...jj.so.Cir«»«.J.JONOi»».-.v
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
1 ,
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
SESPE CREEK NEAR FILLMORE (STA.46d )
47
SANTA PAULA CREEK NEAR SANTA PAULA (STA. k6e)
Sampling Point . Station k6e is located in Section 27 of Township k North,
RaJige 21 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The creek water was
sampled from the right bank at the gage near Santa Paiila.
Period of Record . June 1957 throiigh December 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is calcium-
sodiiom sulfate -bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation use, and
very hard. Although it usually meets drinking water standards for mineral
content, sulfate concentrations occasionally exceed the recommended limit
of 250 ppm.
Quality Changes. None.
-hQ-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Specific conductance (ulcromhoa at 25°C)
Temperature in "T
Wssolved OTygen in parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral conatltnonto in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiOj)
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodiw
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
Collform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
Maximum of Record
61
lU.2
137
8.U
309
98
750
12
1*2
1,015
1,268
160
5.9
0.7
2.16
20
a, 663
1*2
1,176
1,035
1,300
Minimum of Record
328
Ul
6.0
69
Y.3
27
9
15.6
0.8
0.00
lOU
7U
9
0.00
0.02
0.00
10
266
16
IS"*
61
<5
21)0
0.1*6
0.914
5.63
U.17
<0.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
uoo
p.
-; 300
5
o
200
100
LI
i!-
1;'
f-
V:>
o o
3 l/N
s.^
u,ooo
3,000
1,000
200
100
L'\
.:.'
o £:
F aaiij J A so •)
I9SI
F MAIIJ J a S O NO
1952
1953
FHAUJJASONG JFH*MJJA90N0
1954
J F UAMj J a SONO
1955
ILL mi
iryaMjjatoNO
1956
Maximum - 1959
1,207
81
IU.2
137
8.l»
92
39
106
2.6
0.00
283
255
80
0.9
0.6
0.55
20
713
42
389
176
90
Minimum - 1959
689
55
7.0
69
7.9
67
25
36
1.8
0.00
190
228
23
0.00
0.5
0.02
15
2UO
O.I16
O.9U
5.63
5.86
590
22
282
118
< 5
<0.U5
0.09
0.00
3-53
1.87
s
'-K^
^Pk^"--
JFMAMJJ * SOND
1957
fs
:ik
1958
HAHJJAIONOJFMAMJJASOH
1959
SANTA PAULA CREEK NEAR SANTA PAULA
lSTA.46e)
49
Los Angeles River Basin
The Los Angeles River Basin lies in the central part of the
Los Angeles Region. Its drainage axea is about 820 square miles, one-
half of which is valley and mesa lands and the remainder mountainous
terrain. The San Gabriel Mountains bound the headwater area on the
north and east and the Santa Monica Mountains bound it on the west. The
Los Angeles River drains the San Fernando Valley and flows southward
across the coastal plain to the Pacific Ocean at Long Beach. Mean annual
runoff to the river is estimated at 91>700 acre- feet.
The Los Angeles River in its lower reach serves as a drainage
channel for industrial waste water and storm water through the Los
Angeles metropolitan area. Summer flows in this reach consist almost
entirely of industrial waste water, which has a pronounced effect on the
quality of the streamf low . As a result, the surface waters of this river
vary widely in characteristics and quality depending on the point of
sampling and ratio of industrial discharges to natural or storm flow.
In 19^9> low flows associated with the prevailing dry weather showed
higher than usual concentrations of mineral constituents.
The two stations established to monitor the quality of siorface
water of Los Angeles River are:
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Los Angeles River at Los Angeles 52
Los Angeles River at Long Beach 5^
■51-
LOS ANGELES RIVER AT LOS ANGELES (STA. 1+7)
Sampling Point . Station 47 is located in Section 15 of Township 1 South,
Range 13 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
at the United States Geological Survey and Los Angeles County Flood
Control District's gaging station at Figueroa Street bridge, 0.1 mile
upstream from the confluence of the Arroyo Seco with the river.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is usually
sodium sulfate-chloride in character, and extremely hard. Total dis-
solved solids content and boron usually place the waters at this station
in class 2 for irrigation or domestic uses.
Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959 new maximums for the period
of record were recorded for concentrations of calcium, magnesium,
sulfate, and silica. Extremely low flows obsenrved in the latter part
of 1959 would account for the excessive mineral concentrations found in
samples collected during this interval.
■52-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itam
Hajcbnum of Record
Hlnlnum of Record
Maximum - 1959
HlnlAUm - 1959
Specific conductance (raicromhos at 25^0)
Temperature In **F
Dissolved oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
.500 Ent.
93
25.1
279
9-3
206
50
0.0
3.6
2,500 t,st.
88
a. 68
256
1,300 Eet.
52
0.00
0.00
7-7
Mineral constituenta in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SO)^)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (P)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiOj)
178
1U5
596
12
120
1,1*45
7U5
760
19
0.8
l».0
35
17
k
3
0.0
55
25
10
0.0
0.2
0.00
10
178
ll»5
l<53
12
100
330
7U5
It 50
9
0.
1.
35
18
U2
32
5.9
0.0
55
290
53
• 0.0
0.5
0.00
20
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodiun
I Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million
Ttrtal
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1,97D
73
i,oii5
70B
3,000
115
39
72
13
<5
Coliform In most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2U,000
1.2lt
0.9
14.23
11.27
<0.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1,77'*
63
1,045
70B
TOO
850
39
UUl
Mi
<5
0.11
0.59
6.58
8.5U
<0.1i5
0.09
0.00
1.116
0-00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
CJ O
2,000
u I 1,000
12
» -- ' i - - ^
1 , -_
p ' > ' i
'MAMJJASONO
1951
1952
'\;
FMAMjJASOHDi^rHAIiJJASOMC
1953
mm
rMAMJJ A9ON0
1954
t
.t'M
r M&HJ J * SONO
1955
IFMAM J J « 50ND
1956
mwm
jrMAHJjASONO
1957
'^^5:;:j
1956
AHJJASONO J'MAHjJAtONO
1959
LOS ANGELES RIVER AT LOS ANGELES (STA. 47)
53
LOS AIIGELES RIVER AT LONG BEACH (oTA. h8)
Sampling Point . Station hQ is located in Section 26 of Township k South,
Range 13 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Tl:ie surface water was
sampled from the left bank immediately downstream from Highway 101
(state Street) bridge.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December IS'^9.
Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is usually iin-
acceptable in quality for recognized beneficial uses. Toxic concentra-
tions of various metallic constituents are generally present. The
station is located in the tidal reach of the river, and analyses often
show the presence of sea voXev in samples collected at this point.
Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959^ analyses of samples of
water collected from this station revealed higher concentrations of
arsenic, copper, and ammonia than in the previous yeo.rs of record. In
May of 1959 ammonia was present at a concentration of 79 ppn. In
September, arsenic was found present at a concentration of 3-5 PF™ ^^nd
copper at 0.2 ppm.
-5U.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
HaxUiium of Record
HlnljBum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Hlnlmua - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcronhos at ZS^C)
Temperature In °F
Qlseolved oxygen in parts par Billion
Percent saturation
PH
kh.aoo
16.lt
161
9.2
5Ul
1(8
Wt,200
93
0.0
0.
7.0
6.7
76
8.0
2,fOO Let.
52
0.0
0.
7.2
Mineral conatitaenta in parta per million
Calclon (Ca)
Magnesium (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (cOj)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (KOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
589
870
10,550
86
72
^76
2,200
17,600
liiO
3.;
1*0
55
22
k
58
3.5
0.0
61
5
61
0.00
0.1
0.19
10
589
620
10,550
86
0.0
976
1,1*66
17,600
11*0
2.0
1*0
ko
106
u
205
38
0.0
21*0
5
335
0.06
0.6
9.3
30
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodiiM
Hardness as CaCOj In parta per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1*7,100
99
3,693
3,61*6
800
363
39
81*
56
< 5
30,877
91
3,693
3,51*6
78
1,730
39
a2Q
187
< 5
Coltforra in most probable number per milliliter
RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Bissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
>700,000
>700,000
55
Rio Hondo
flio Hondo originates as a bifurcation of the San Gabriel River
in the southern portion of the Los Angeles Region; it flows southwesterly
from the San Gabriel Valley through the Whittier Narrows and across the
coastal plain to join the Los Angeles River near Imperial Highway. It
is therefore a tributary of the Los Angeles River even though its flow
originates primarily from the San Gabriel River. The recent construction
of the Santa Fe flood control dam by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
conveys normal flows to the San Gabriel River channel and spillway flows
to the Rio Hondo. The Rio Hondo collects runoff from the western portion
of the San Gabriel Valley for conveyance to the downstream Whittier
Narrows Flood Control Basin. Off -channel spreading basins along the
lower reach from Whittier Narrows to the Los Angeles River are used for
artificial recharge of ground water basins in the Los Angeles Coastal
Plain. Water imported from the Colorado River is also released to the Rio
Hondo about one and one-half miles above Whittier Narrows for replenish-
ment of the downstreajn ground water basins.
The station Mission Creek at Whittier Narrows (Sta. U9a) moni-
tors quality of native rising water (outflow from the upstream ground
water basin) at the narrows. Mission Creek is passed through the Whittier
Narrows Dam to downstream spreading basins along the Rio Hondo.
There are no known waste discharges to the river.
The two monitoring stations established for surveillance of
surface water quality in the Rio Hondo are:
-56-
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Rio Hondo at Whittier Narrows 5O
Mission Creek at Whittier
Narrows 60
■57-
RIO HONDO AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. U9)
Sampling Point . Station U9 is located in Section 6 of Township 2 South,
Range 11 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Water samples were
collected from the right bank at the Los Angeles County Flood Control
District's gaging station, 125 yards upstream from the San Gabriel
Boulevard bridge.
Period of Record. April 1951 through December 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . Except for storm periods, the flow in the
Rio Hondo usually consists of effluent ground water from the Main San
Gabriel Basin supplemented by imported Colorado River water released from
a main pipeline upstream from this station. Therefore, the character and
mineral quality of the water varies. However, the native water is
usually calcium- sodium bicarbonate in character and very hard. It is
generally class 1 for irrigation use and usually meets drinking water
standards for mineral content. The mingled waters are generally good in
quality but sulfates exceed standards recommended for drinking water.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None.
-58.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Maxlnun of Record
Mlniraum of Record
Maxiinura - 1959
Mlnimun - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at ZS^C)
Tenperature In "T
Dlsaolved oxygen in parts par rollllon
Percent saturation
pH
2,532
90
16.2
180
9-0
182
1*3
3.0
37
6.6
956
79
12.6
130
8.U
691
56
5.6
61
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calciun (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassiim (K)
Carbonate (CO-j)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
SuUate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO5)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
87
29
260
10.7
23
378
296
385
17.9
1.2
O.U
Its
22
U
5
2.9
0.00
6^
20
6
0.00
0.3
0.00
8
78
26
86
6.3
0.00
259
250
78
2.5
0.8
0.l»3
30
.6
.00
61
2U
55
U.
0.
150
120
U5
0.00
0.3
0.07
10
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent soditn
Hardness as CaCO^ In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
1,097
7U
337
188
1,150
126
12
63
< 5
636
UO
308
181*
35
U93
30
2U9
U7
< 5
Conform in most probable number per milliliter
RadioactiTlty In micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
70,000
2.96
l.Ui*
16.66
30.20
< U.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
>700
0.09
0.1*7
16.66
8.59
< 1*.5
0.00
0.09
6.09
5-77
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
300
l-g 200
100
r
^t
X
l.^
^s
x;;;4;;
^.
y;i
-Uh
A
(h
'C:
'.i\:\
c— 3,000
3 j~t
^ h 1,000
S.3
h'^'l r'
m
*■.>
iiiiiiiii.. . /.ill. Ill iii^*
rhT--'f
uMi
p::}
'J
z':l
,'■'1
llOO
300
200
100
195 1
J»MAMjj*SO«iOjPM*IIJJ«SOIlOjFltAyjJ*$ONO
1952
Jj-iik
1953
1954
,lt*HJJ*SONOJ,MAllJj«SON0jFMAHJJ*SOND
1955
IMIL
n
1956
J r HAM J> « SON
1957
I P M « H J J ft S O N
RIO HONDO AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 49)
59
MISSION CREEK AT WHITTIER KAEROWS (STA. U9a)
Sampling Point . Station k'^a. is located in Section 6 of Township 2 South,
Range 11 \Jest, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the left bank opposite the Los Angeles County Flood Control
District's gaging station located immediately upstream from the San Gabriel
Boulevard bridge, about two miles northwest of Montebello.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959«
Water Quality Characteristics . Past analyses of this water reveal that
bicarbonate is predominant among anions, and calcium and magnesium among
cations. The water is usually excellent in mineral quality and meets
drinking water standards for mineral constituents. The water is moder-
ately to very hard, and class 1 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None.
■60-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Haxljnum of Record
Hlnlnum of Record
MaxijQajn
1959
Miniinun
1959
Specific conductance (BlcrGahoe at ?5°C)
Toiperature In °y
DLsaolTsd oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
l,22l<
T3
U.8
llU
8.5
351.
52
5.8
60
7.3
695
73
8.5
91.
7.9
U17
55
6.8
72
7.'«
Mineral conatituents in parts per ■lllion
Calclm (Ca)
Magnesion (Kg)
Sodium (Na)
Potasslui (K)
Carbonate (CWj)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (HOO
Fluoride (P)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
92
39
63
9.2
lU
327
137
216
10.8
0.8
0.31
30
29
9
16
1,
17''
21
9
2
20
6
00
8b
19
25
3.0
0.00
268
93
21
6.5
0.6,
0.26
20
U8
15
16
2.U
0.00
176
U9
9
2.9
0.5
0.00
20
Total dlS30lTed solids in parts per ■lllion
Percent sodl\n
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per allllon
Total
Noncarbonate
rurbidity in parts per million
561
3^
3i»9
122
< 25
252
10
155
2.5
UJiO
17
316
96
<25
315
10
18U
31
< 5
Collform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curias per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
7,000
0.58
0.76
13.3"*
8.65
1.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7,000
0.56
0.1*7
3.93
8.65
0.00
0.09
2.9't
2.26
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
'••nill I'
o o
** OJ
u
rs «
O CD
o o
^t
■^ o
o -^
S.3
CO
1,200
1,000
800
600
IkOO
200
^-^■'■"^^v:
r^j-.'V
':s:;:
h
=.
Kt
•'■■\r'
':^
,...,
MISSION CREEK AT WHITTIER NAR ROWS (STA. 49a)
61
San Gabriel River Basin
The drainage area of the San Gabriel River system occupies the
easterly portion of Los Angeles Region south of the San Gabriel Mountains.
The watershed is comprised of about 375 square miles of mountains and
foothills and approximately 210 square miles of valley and mesa lands,
and has a total area of 585 square miles. The San Gabriel River system
rises in the San Gabriel Mountains and drains San Gabriel Valley. The
river flows across the most easterly portion of the Los Angeles Coastal
Plain and discharges to San Pedro Bay at the Los Angeles County-Orange
County line. The mean annual runoff of San Gabriel River Basin is about
35,080 acre-feet.
There are several storage and flood control reservoirs control-
ling flows of the San Gabriel River. Named in downstream order, they
are Cogswell Reservoir on the West Fork of San Gabriel River; and San
Gabriel Number One, Morris Reservoir, Santa Fe Flood Control Basin, and
Whittier Narrows Flood Control Basin on the main channel. The Whittier
Narrows Flood Control Basin also receives the flow of the upper reaches
of Rio Hondo and its tributaries.
Off-channel spreading grounds along Rio Hondo and San Gabriel
River from the mountains to below the Whittier Narrows Flood Control
Basin supplement the natural percolation from the stream channels to
recharge ground water basins of the streajn system.
At various times during 1959> Colorado River water was dis-
charged to the San Gabriel River from a pipeline located Immediately
downstream from San Bernardino Road for replenishment of the ground water
basins In the coastal plain.
-62-
The two sampling stations maintained for monitoring surface
water quality of the San Gabriel River are:
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
San Gabriel River at Azusa
Powerhouse 6h
San Gabriel River at
Whittier Narrows 66
i
I
■63-
SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT AZUSA POWERHOUSE (STA. 50d)
Sampling Point . Station 50d is located in Section 22 of Township 1
North, Range 10 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The river water
was sampled at the tailrace of the Azusa power plant.
Period of Record . March 1957 throiogh December 1959'
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 50d is excellent in
quality, calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation,
moderately to very hard, and meets drinking water standards for mineral
constituents.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Increases of mineral content in
samples collected in the late months of 1959 are associated with lower
than normal stream flows.
■eh.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maxlnuni of Record Mlnlnun of Racord| Maxljiium - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959
Specific conductance (i»lcromho8 at 25°C) 1*62
Tamparature in °F TV
ntssolTed oxygen In parts par million lU.U
Percent saturation 121
pH 8.l»
293 It62 315
1.7 71. 1.9
7.2 11.0 7.2
81 101 81
7.3 8.0 7.'»
Mineral constltuenta in parts par million
Calcium (Ca) 63
Magnesium (Mg) 16
Sodium (Na) 17
Potassivm (K) V.5
Carbonate (CO3) 17
Bicarbonate ((1003) 266
Sulfate (SOv) 30
Chloride (CI) 10
Nitrate (NO3) 3.2
Fluoride (K) 0.6
Boron (B) 0.23
Silica (Si02) 20
^^ 53 ts
10 13 13
7 11 8.6
2.9 It. 5 '♦.2
0.00 O.OlJ 0.00
II18 264 171
18 2U 23
3 7 k
0.2 0.5 0.00
0.3 o.ii 0.3
0.00 O.oe 0.00
10 20 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per nillion 2U3
Percent sodiia Ik
Hardness as CaC03 in parta per nillion
Ttatal 238
Honcarbonate 106
Turbidity in parts par million 30
190 2l»3 230
6 13 8
lue 238 190
71 8
< 5 < 25 < 5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter 2li0
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
DissolTed alpha 0.17
Solid alpha 0.59
DissolTod beta 9-88
Solid beta 3 -81
< O.U5 2lt0 < 0.l»5
0.00 Bo Iteport in 1959
0.00
6.88
0.00 1
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1
500 -
1 _ ^
gj , — ,
S CM
" "':■"^;':::.::t^^^:.v:...
§- - - "
g _ 300 -
+ ^? ,' i 1
.l
cl T
•Sii 200 --4- ---
8,-5
M
'
- -
90 _
80 -
'""'
_ I c. :::.]
70 _ _
60
\
J^ 50 -
a ito
V \'' '
u
m
20 .
10 u. .
...
1951 1952 1953 1954 19;
>5 1956 1957 1958 1959
SAN GABRIEL RIVER ATAZUSA POWER HOUSE
(STA. 50d)
65
SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 50)
Sampling Point . Station 50 is located in Section 5 of Township 2 South,
Range 11 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the right bank, 200 feet beyond the end of San Gabriel Boulevard
(Syphon Road), upstream from Whittier Narrows Dam.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The mineral content of San Gabriel River
water at Station 50 is usually higher than that of the upper reaches of
the river. The native water is calcium- sodium bicarbonate in character
and very hard. It is generally class 1 for irrigation use and meets
drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Occasionally,
imported Colorado River water is released above this station to recharge
the ground water basins. The sulfate concentration of Colorado River
water at times causes the character of water at this station to shift to
calcium- sodium sulfate.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Specific conductance shows a trend
of increasing values over the last six years of record; this character-
istic may in part reflect the increasing releases of Colorado River
water.
-66-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Iten
Haxljauni of Record HlnljQum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcrorahos at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
Dl9solTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
1,TO2
86
21.0
216
8.7
157
••3
3.0
30
7.2
1,001
75
15-5
166
8.1.
91*1
1.9
6.6
68
7.7
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Hagnesiuni (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOk)
Chloride (Cl)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
92
UU
109
10.0
19
307
333
112
23
0.6
0.1.5
30
23
5
7
2.9
0.00
103
2
3
0.00
0.00
0.00
5
89
33
86
8.2
19
261
263
81
23
0.5
0.U5
30
75
27
65
6.1
0.00
110
162
65
0.00
0.3
0.06
10
Total dissolved solids in parts per nllllon
Percent sod inn
Hardness as CaC03 In parte per nlUlon
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per nllllon
835
58
390
256
3,200
187
7D
16
< 5
61.8
36
3'.5
210
< 25
602
30
300
111
< 5
Coltform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2,U00
It.oU
0.96
12.89
7.97
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2U0
0.11
0.59
9.69
S.ll.
< '..5
0.11
0.59
9.69
2.11.
S.3
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
■ 1,1.00
1,200
1,000
800
600
1.00
200
500
IrfX)
300
Kj
'A
H
!i;;;r::-:^:;r:::'
'i
\-\
4
--\
\
1951
■I I II I I III
rilAIIJjASONQjriiAMjjASOMO
1952
1953
im
r
rHAMJJ ASONO
1954
' MAHJ J A 3OM0
1955
■LLi'i^ll.
r HAM J J A SONO
1956
.■'-
1
i:;;::;:;
rHAIiJjASONO
1957
..
fmamjjasomO
1958
ili
1959
SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 50)
67
Los Angeles Aqueduct
The Los Angeles Aqueduct, owned and operated by the City of
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, obtains water from the Mono
Basin and Owens River Valley. The aqueduct delivers Sierra Nevada
runoff water from the Lahontan Region to the City of Los Angeles 300
miles to the south, where it is sampled in Los Angeles Region. The
surface water supply is supplemented at times by pumping water from
wells in Owens Valley.
During 1959^ "the aqueduct delivered about 322,000 acre- feet
of water to Los Angeles.
The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power samples the
water once a month at the terminus of the aqueduct at Upper V£in Norman
Reservoir near San Fernando and transmits the analyses to this depart-
ment for use in the Quality of Siirface Waters reports.
The monitoring station, Los Angeles Aqueduct near San
Fernando, maintained for surveillance of quality of the imported water,
is discussed on page 70.
-69-
LOS ANGELES AQUEDUCT NEAR SAW FERNAJnX) (STA. 70)
Sampling Point . Station 70 is located in Section 30 of Township 3
North, Range 15 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Water samples
from the aqueduct were collected at the inlet to Upper Van Norman
Reservoir.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . This water is sodium- calcium bicarbonate
in character, soft, and generally of excellent mineral quality for all
uses; however, boron occasionally placed this water in class 2 for
irrigation.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The analyses for 1959 indicate a
slight increase in mineral content, above the average of the prior record.
The utilization of water from wells in the Owens Valley to supplement the
soirface water supply is believed to be the probable cause.
-70-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item
Specific conductance (ralororahos at ZS^C)
Temperature In °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magneslxun (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COi)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiOj)
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodium
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
Coliforra in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Beta-Gamrra
Majdjnum of Record
516
79
13.1
lai
9.2
29
7.5
58
6.U
8.0
39
26
1.0
0.8
0.78
28
259
8U
102
16
0.092
Minimum of Record
216
U2
6.8
70
7-5
19
U.l
25
3.0
0.00
80
17
11
0.00
o.u
0.21
17
159
in
68
0.00
Maximum - 1959
399
75
12.0
91
8.1.
29
7.5
kh
5.1
U
135
39
2U
O.U
0.63
0.59
22
102
0.092
25.S
Minimum - 1959
303
1.7
7.3
73
7.9
5.8
32
1
109
18
18
0.00
o.uo
0.30
17
6U
< 1
1.02
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
C o
iil
600
500
uoo
300
100
■:xc
■1
^rvj
(1
\
\.^
i'?r
LOS ANGELES AQUEDUCT NEAR SAN FERNANDO
(STA. 70)
Colorado River Aqueduct
The Colorado River Aqueduct is sampled at La Verne to monitor
the quality of raw Colorado River water entering the F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration Plant at La Verne, California, in Los Angeles
Region. A monthly composite sample of the raw water inflow is collected
by The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and analyzed
in its laboratory.
The approximate average flow of raw water through the softening
and filtration plant is about UOO cfs. Total flow through the plant was
about 290,000 acre-feet in 1959.
The monitoring station, Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne,
maintained for surveillance of the quality of the imported Colorado River •
water is discussed on page 7^-
-73-
COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT AT LA VERNE (STA. 69)
Sampling Point . This station is situated in Section 6 of Township 1
South, Range 9 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Raw water
monthly composite samples are taken by The Metropolitan Water District
of Southern California of the inflow of Colorado River water to the
F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant at La Verne.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water is calcium-sodium sulfate in
character, usually class 1 for irrigation, and very hard. The water
meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents except that
sulfate slightly exceeds the recommended limit of 250 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Analyses of water for 1959 show that
the water has decreased in mineral content from the average for the years
1955 through 1958.
-7^-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2S°C) 1,265
Temperature in °F 79
Dissolved oxygen in parts par million U.-
Percent saturation X30
PH 8.5
32't 990 E^U
51 79 5^
6.8
82
8.1 8.S 6.3
Mineral constitnenta in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 126
Magnesium (Mg) 35
Sodium (Ha) 123
Potassium (K) 9.0
Carbonate (CO3) lU
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 156
Sulfate (SOi.) 367
Chloride (CI) 111
Nitrate (NO3) 2.0
Fluoride (F) O.U
Boron (B) 0.7
Silica (Si02) 11.2
72 85 76
25 27 25
31 90 80
2.5 5 "*
0.0 k 1
109 Ikk 12U
260 275 260
6k 78 6U
0.0 2.0 0.5
0.2 O.U 0.3
0.07 0.16 0.16
3.8 11 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 830
Percent sodium 1*2
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per nilllon
Total 397
Noncarbonate 267
Turbidity in parts per million k.6
603 630 603
36 39 36
297 313 297
189 198 189
1.1 U.6 1.1
Collform In most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Oross Alpha 6.9
Gross Beta 33.
a.9 ii.6 2.9
I4.6 20.U 7.7
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
!
1 ,1
1
■ •''""■■'■' ""\
•■•■, -■.. ..-'"T"
-' ■';
a
■; 1
- 200 ' 1 ■
t ^
= -K- --f -
-♦ ion Ml ij, ',.,,., 1 1 __ ... ___
_ 1 11 '
Tota
1 * 1 L,,'.. . , ,.
1 1 1
D~ 1,200 -1 L
m m TT
go ' ! ^ ^
["'' ^ ^IW^-"*,^
due
at i
1 i ' ■ [| ^ nirn- «>•■■'
00 , 1 ' 1
; ! i
^ I. Unn i: ll 1 li
peel
(mlc
.__ 1 1 L - I-} -1+-^ + -1
1 !
1 1 !l:il 1... ... . 1...
1 i { i: ii 1
jrtl*lt^j«SOM04fH*M..j*SOW0jritAUjj*'. ONOj'MAMJJASOMOjfMaM-'
J«SaNC>'rUAHjJ*SOND.'FM«HJJASON0jFtl*HjtASO>«0J»M»Mjj«SON0
1951 1952 1953 1954 19
55 1956 1957 1958 1959
COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT AT LA VERNE {STA.69)
75
station
Number
U5b
k6
h6a
k6c
h6di
k6e
hi
ka
h9
U9a
50
50d
61
69
70
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
LOS AJIGELES REGION {NO, U)
Station
Number Station Name
U5b Matilija Creek above Dam
k6 Santa Clara River at Los Angeles-
Ventura County Line
h6a Santa Clara River near Santa Paula
h6c Piru Creek near Piru
k6d. Sespe Creek near Fillmore
^e Santa Paula Creek near Santa Paula
^7 Los Angeles River at Figueroa Sti^et
Ua Los Angeles River at Pacific Coast
Highway
1^9 Rio Hondo at Whittter Narrows
'+9a Mission Creek at Whittler Narrows
50 San Gabriel River at Whittler Narrows
50d San Gabriel River at Azusa Power House
6l Ventura River near Ventura
69 Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne
70 Los Angeles Aqueduct near San Fernando
INOUSIItUl WAtTt aiiGHmeE
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
Lahontan Region (No. 6)
The Lahontan Region (No. 6) extends from the Oregon-California
border to the San Bernardino Mountains, between the Sierra Nevada on the
west and the California- Nevada state boundary on the east. The region
covers an area of about 33,000 square miles, 10,000 square miles of which
are valley and mesa lands. The length, north to south, is about 500
miles, and the width varies from less than 20 miles in the north, to over
170 miles across the Mojave Desert and Antelope Valley in the south.
The terrain is characterized by basins of interior drainage, or
sinks, surrounded by mountains. The eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada
Range and the White Mountains dominate the mountainous portions of the
region. The southern part of the Lahontan Region is arid, and precipita-
tion is generally light, but storms of severe intensities have caused
locally damaging floods. The estimated mean seasonal runoff in the region
is 3,177,000 acre-feet, most of which comes from the Sierra Nevada.
The principal streams in the region are the Susan, Truckee,
Carson, Walker, Owens, and Mojave Rivers. To maintain surveillance of
surface water quality in the region, 12 stations have been established.
The names of the sources and the number of sampling stations on each (in
parentheses) are shown in the following tabulation.
Susan River (l) Carson River (2)
Lake Tahoe (3) Walker River (2)
Truckee River (2) Mojave River (2)
The sources other than the Mojave River are in Northern
California, and are discussed in Part I of this bulletin, published
separately.
-77-
Lahontan Region (No. 6)
The Lahontan Region (No. 6) extends from the Oregon-California
border to the San Bernardino Mountains, between the Sierra Nevada on the
west and the California-Nevada state boundary on the east. The region
covers an area of about 33>000 square miles, 10,000 square miles of which
are valley and mesa lands. The length, north to south, is about 500
miles, and the width varies from less than 20 miles in the north, to over
170 miles across the Mojave Desert and Antelope Valley in the south.
The terrain is characterized by basins of interior drainage, or
sinks, surrounded by mountains. The eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada
Range and the White Mountains dominate the mountainous portions of the
region. The southern part of the Lahontan Region is arid, and precipita-
tion is generally light, but storms of severe intensities have caused
locally damaging floods. The estimated mean seasonal runoff in the region
is 3> 177, 000 acre-feet, most of which comes from the Sierra Nevada.
The principal streams in the region are the Susan, Truckee,
Carson, Walker, Owens, and Mojave Rivers. To maintain surveillance of
surface water quality in the region, 12 stations have been established.
The names of the sources and the number of sampling stations on each ( in
parentheses) are shown in the following tabulation.
Susan River (l) Carson River (2)
Lake Tahoe (3) Walker River (2)
Truckee River (2) Mojave River (2)
The sources other than the Mojave River are in Northern
California, and are discussed in Part I of this bulletin, published
separately .
■77-
Mojave River Basin
The Mojave River Basin lies in the southeastern portion of the
Lahontan Region. It occupies about ^,900 square miles comprised of about
1,^00 square miles of valley and mesa lands and about 3j500 square miles
of mountainous terrain.
The source of the Mojave River is at Lake Arrowhead in the San
Bernardino Mountains . The outflow from the lake travels down Deep Creek
to the Mojave River at The Forks, which is at the northern base of the
mountains. From The Forks, the river flows northerly through the desert,
past Victorville, to Bars tow. From Bars tow the course is generally
easterly to Soda Dry Lake, an interior sink. During years of normal
precipitation, surface flow ceases below The Forks after the spring runoff
and the only surface flow in the lower reaches of the Mojave River appears
as rising water (outflow from the upstream ground water basin) near
Victorville. The average annual runoff of the Mojave River at The Forks
is estimated to be about 80,000 acre-feet.
Most of the water used in the Mojave River Basin comes from
wells. However, some surface diversions of the rising water below
Victorville is used for irrigation.
Irrigated agriculture is sparsely developed in the Mojave
River Basin; it exists primarily along the river where depths to ground
water are small. Railroad yards and shops in Barstow and cement mills
in Victorville and Oro Grande represent the major industrial activities
in the basin. There are military establishments in Nebo, Daggett, and
Yermo.
-78-
The major waste discharges to the river channel are treated
effluents from the sewage treatment plants of the Cities of Barstow (0.8
mgd) and Victorville (0.9 nigd). Industrial waste waters discharged to
percolation ponds in the river channel from the railroad shop and yards
in Barstow amount to about 0.2 mgd. Minor discharges of domestic wastes
to the river from the recreational developments in the headwaters area
have little influence on surface water quality.
The monitoring stations maintained for surveillance of surface
water quality in the Mojave River are:
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Mojave Fiver at The Forks 80
Mojave River near Victorville 82
-79-
MOJAVE RIVER AT THE FORKS (STA. 67a)
Sampling Point . Station 67a is located in Section l8 of Township 3 North,
Range 3 West, San Bernardino Base auid Meridian. Samples were collected
from the right bajik 100 feet downstream from the confluence of Deep Creek
and the West Fork of the Mojave River.
Period of Record . July 1957 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is suit-
able for most beneficial uses, soft to moderately hard, and class 1 for
irrigation. It is usually sodium-calcium bicarbonate in character.
Mineral content varies greatly, and is dependent on quantity of flow.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality has changed very little in
the past two and one-half years of record. In September 1959^ fluorides
reached a value of 2.7 ppm, exceeding the mandatory limit of 1.5 ppm in
drinking water.
-00-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itan Maxlmura of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnloiun - 1959
Specific conductance (micromhos at 25°C) SW
Temperature in °F 77
Dl9»olved oxygen in parts par million 11.0
Percent saturation 101
pH 8.U
lOlt lt93 lUii
Uo 76 itO
5-0 U.O 5.0
59 100 59
7.0 8.U 7.6
Mineral constituents in pal ts per million
Calcium (Ca) 31
Magnesium (Mg) 8
Sodium (Na) 56
Potassium (K) 8.8
Carbonate (CO3) 0.00
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 293
Sulfate (SOv) 98
Chloride (CI) S"*
Nitrate (NO3) 2.7
Fluoride (F) 3.0
Boron (B) 0.21
Silica (Si02) 50
12 31 13
2.1 8 U
6.6 56 11
1.0 U.3 1.0
0.00 0.00 0.00
50 293 71
5.7 96 5.7
1 3"* 6
0.00 0.5 0.00
0.1 2.7 0.2
0.00 0.21 0.00
15 30 15
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 309
Percent sodiiM 56
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million
Total 1U7
Noncarbonate fc
Turbiditr in parts per million 60
90 309 102
22 52 33
39 1''7 U9
It 0.00
<5 <25 <5
Coliform in most probable number per mmiliter 62
Radioactivltj in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha O.6I
Solid alpha O.36
mssolved beta 8.96
Solid beta 3.97
0.U5 62.0 0.1(5
0.17 o.a 0.17
0.00 0.36 0.35
0.00 U.6O 0.00
0.00 3.97 0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1
600 ,. 1
500 4
11
t\
»— Uoo ._.
.1 p i
c
■^Cv ._ ._.._._. ... __... . _
^* 300 ^ _
^ i ^
n
"1
:::::: Vr'Vl,
^1
z: u 200 - -
t\ t
11
;""/ /"
100 1 .
1
300 ___
"" ' tI
^ " " . -. - -
7- 200
ji 1
u
_. ^ 1
S 100
::- \
y
n
:::::::::::::::: :r ^
3
-. •...■' l■^., Z ''..('■
J»SOItO JfMAMjJASOMO JUtAMJJ A SOMO jf»i»l«J J «$OM0 J'HaHJ >*SONa
1951 1952 1953 195'J 191
55 1956 1957 1958 1959
MOJAVE RIVER AT THE FORKS (STA. 67o )
81
MOJAVE RIVER NEAR VICTORVILLE (STA. 67)
Sampling Point . Station 67 is located in Section 29 of Township 6 North,
Range k West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The surface water was
sampled from the left bank at the United States Geological Survey gage,
three miles northwest of Victorville and 5OO feet upstream from the old
U. S. Highway 66 bridge across the Lower Narrows.
Period of Record . March 1951 through December 1959'
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 67 is calcium- sodium
bicarbonate in character, meets drinking water standards for mineral
constituents, and is soft to moderately hard. It is class 1 water for
irrigation use, and meets mineral quality standards for drinking water.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The uniform gradual increase in
mineral content apparent in the first seven years of the period of record
was reversed in I958 as the result of higher than normal precipitation
rates in the 1957-I958 rainfall season, and larger volumes of flow.
Thunderstorms in the 1958-I959 rainfall season resulted in greater than
normal rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the river, and the
improvement in mineral content was maintained through the year.
-82-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Haxlmum of Record
Hlnlnun of Record Maximum - 1959
Mlnijiiun - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2500)
Tanperature in °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts per Billion
Percent saturation
pH
Hlneral constltnenta In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Kg)
Sodium (Na)
Potass! cm (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate {HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
nuoride (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
520
91
13-5
112
8.3
122
Ul
5.'«
60
7-5
U68
78
13.5
112
8.2
350
Ul
60
15
"•5
3.2
12
193
52
35
1.7
0.6
0.17
50
15
5
9.1
1.2
0.00
69
11
5
0.2
0.1
0.00
15
Ul
10
U5
3.2
12
193
38
32
1-7
0.6
0.10
25
38
9
36
1.8
0.00
I2U
33
11
0.3
0.3
0.00
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodiia
Hardness as CaOOj in parts par allllon
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
311
h9
127
26
288
U9
261
36
83
Oo
It e 6 o *
KEY MAP
*•
Sta
Num
6'
6
LEGEND
0^^° SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION
■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE
▲ INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE
°o-
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
LAHONTAN REGION (NO 6)
1959
SCALE Of MILES
10
■h-
.^^
station
Number
67a
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
LAHOIWAN REGION (NO. 6)
Station Name
Mojave River near Victorvllle
Mojave River at the Forks
f » '
^^-^ PLATE 3
..
"■ ..
''■■'o .-?
- *
,.'■* ■'■> 0°
,•> °'' ,'"
_,■>■ '"■•o-
^
A /A
■,%-" /
ISAi
X
s/^ /^. ,
/j>:^'
'YN
if^^^sZ'' ' T
A
Ai
*"^
# "A\AA^' /^
AA
"A ^*-
paJ
/
'■■••*.
^
A
'/A'A"
/^>^,
r^^^^
^"v AA /- ^^^ Aa
s
A
^>A"'"'"A:
-.. ^-^.^
-^A
^^^AfAA
/
AA
A^^
KEY MAP
^>/^/^^i/ ^N<{
^
/ ||k/
//\
''^"/rTAx
•ZA^t^^^^^^
«^
/ \A
Ak/ /A%A
/AJiA
vO
'"*■.
'"•:.
A^^
>
A"?
8K. /^J
A
AAA AA%
/^^ A AA X.
^A^vA/ A^
/^^
LEGEND
#•'• »«««« **!£« UMlTOKlHi: sr»ipo«
■ trX'Se "in DUC-ltOE '•»•-
^s/^^>( /^~/ /S^
A*^^^
r^ AV ^K //" °/'^/
~\^A /
iP"-*^.
■"•v
v4-,A\/A/ /A
■^?^^> W AA
4r //%
*
'"•••'-
/
/ *i /A^'^^^
^^r
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
'
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
AJ>^^9
.%"%^
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
* / / ' lf/C>^ /'
LAHONTAN REGION (NO fii
* V * ^^ \/ flf* *^» /
1959
/
/
s
>
/*^*' # ^**f{ * ,i
/
SC*lC Of HILEt
« 10 »
(
-p %+,
V
'•■j^
^ l^i ^ 1
"*v
Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7)
The Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) is located in the south-
eastern portion of California. It extends from a series of mountain
ranges on the north which separate it from the Lahontan Region, approxi-
mately 150 miles to the United States-Mexico International Boundary; and
from the San Bernardino, San Jacinto and Peninsular Mountain ranges on
the west to the California-Arizona State Line on the east, an average
distance of about 125 miles. The area of the region is about 19,370
square miles, half of which consists of isolated mountains and mountain
ranges, and the remainder of valleys and mesas. The climate is arid and
most of the area is desert.
The principal drainage in this region is to the Salton Sea, a
saline interior drainage lake. Its principal tributary is the Whitewater
River which rises in the San Bernardino Mountains and flows southeasterly
through Coachella Valley to the Salton Sea. The New and Alamo Rivers are
perennial streams composed primarily of irrigation drainage water and
sewage that flow northerly from the Mexican Border to the Salton Sea.
Other than these two rivers other drainage to the Salton Sea including
the Whitewater River is intermittent.
Another major portion of this region drains to the Colorado
River, the boundary between California and Arizona. The principal regu-
lating reservoir on the Colorado River in this region is Lake Havasu,
impounded by Parker Dam. "Water is also exported from Lake Havasu through
the Colorado River Aqueduct to the coastal portion of Southern California
(Regions U, 8, and 9) • Colorado River water is also used extensively for
irrigation along the river and in Imperial and Coachella Valleys.
-85-
Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7)
The Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) is located in the south-
eastern portion of California. It extends from a series of mountain
ranges on the north which separate it from the Lahontan Region, approxi-
mately 150 miles to the United States-Mexico International Boundary; and
from the San Bernardino, San Jacinto and Peninsular Mountain ranges on
the west to the California-Arizona State Line on the east, an average
distance of about 125 miles. The area of the region is about 19,370
square miles, half of which consists of isolated mountains and mountain
ranges, and the remainder of valleys and mesas. The climate is arid and
most of the area is desert.
The principal drainage in this region is to the Salton Sea, a
saline interior drainage lake. Its principal tributary is the Whitewater
River vrtiich rises in the San Bernardino Mountains and flows southeasterly
through Coachella Valley to the Salton Sea. The New and Alamo Rivers are
perennial streeims composed primarily of irrigation drainage water and
sewage that flow northerly from the Mexican Border to the Salton Sea.
Other than these two rivers other drainage to the Salton Sea including
the Whitewater River is intermittent.
Another major portion of this region drains to the Colorado
River, the boundary between California and Arizona. The principal regu-
lating reservoir on the Colorado River in this region is Lake Havasu,
impounded by Parker Dam. "Water is also exported from Lake Havasu through
the Colorado River Aqueduct to the coastal portion of Southern California
(Regions h, 8, and 9) • Colorado River water is also used extensively for
irrigation aJ-ong the river and in Imperial and Coachella Valleys.
-85-
The remainder of the Colorado River Basin Region, about 3'+
percent of the area, drains to interior dry lakes or sinks and is
typically desert, subject to torrential flash floods but without peren-
nial streams.
The economy of the region is predominantly agricultural, and
much of the urban development is an adjunct of the agricultural commu-
nity. Agriculture in the Colorado River Basin Region is primarily
dependent on the diversion and distribution of Colorado River water for
irrigation. Limited local use of ground water for irrigation is
practiced in Coachella, Lucerne, and Borrego Valleys, located in the
northern and western parts of the region. A few large desert resort
communities are situated in the northern portion of Coachella Valley.
Fourteen stations are employed in the Colorado River Basin
Region to monitor surface water quality. The following tabulation shows
the names of the sources monitored and, in parentheses, the number of
stations maintained on each source:
Colorado River (6) New River (2)
All American Canal (l) Alamo River (2)
Whitewater River (2) • Salton Sea (l)
The Colorado River stations are monitored by the Department of
Water Resources, Southern District, and sampled twice a year. The
remaining surface sources are visited at two-month intervals. One
station at Lake Havasu maintained by The Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California monitors the quality of water diverted to the
Colorado River Aqueduct. The analyses of monthly samples collected at
this station are furnished the department for use in the surveillance
-86-
program. Additional samples are collected and analyzed by the United
States Public Henlth Service for several other stations on the Colorado
River. These analyses are included in this report.
-87-
Colorsido River Basin
The Coloreido River Basin in California is located in the
eastern part of the Colorado River Basin Region. The Colorado River
drains portions of seven states, a total drainage area in the United
States of about 258,000 square miles. The portion of the Colorado River
Basin in California is about i^, 300 square miles in extent of which 1,200
square miles are mountains and foothills and 3,100 square miles are
valleys and mesas. The Colorado River is the eastern boundary of
California for about ifOO miles; it flows southerly between Arizona and
California into Mexico and to the Gulf of California.
The natural unimpaired average annual runoff of the Colorado
River above the Gila River is about l6, 000, 000 acre-feet. However,
since 1935 when Hoover Dam was placed in operation, the river flows have
been regulated to supply the needs of downstream water users. Other
major reservoirs regulating the river flows are Lake Mojave and Lake
Havasu. Water is diverted to the Colorado River Aqueduct at Lake Havasu
for export to coastal Southern California, at Palo Verde for irrigation
of the Palo Verde Valley, and at Imperial Dam for irrigation of the
Imperial and Coachella Valleys.
The City of Needles sewage treatment plant discharge of about
2.5 ingd is the only major waste discharge to the river within California.
The naunes of the stations maintained for surveillance of the
quality of Colorado River water are:
-88-
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Colorado River near Topock,
Arizona 90
Colorado River at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intake 92
Colorado River below Parker
Dam 9I4.
Coloreido River near Blythe 96
All American Canal near
Pilot Knob 98
Colorado River at Yuma,
Arizona 100
Colorado River below Morelos
Dam, Mexico 102
-89-
COLORADO RIVER NEAR TOPOCK, ARIZONA (STA. ^h)
Sampling Point . Station 5^ is located in Section 8 of Tovmship 7 North,
Range 2k East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sajnples were collected
from the right bank on the California side at the United States Geological
Survey gage on the high pressure gas-line bridge farthest downstream from
the Highway 66 bridge.
Period of Record . April 1951 through September 1959-
Water Quality Chetracteristics . The water at this station is sodiiira-
calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, and very
hard. The mineral content meets drinking water standards with the excep-
tion of sulfate, which slightly exceeds the recommended limit.
Significant Water Quality Changes . None .
-90-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item Maximum of Record MiniJtun of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C) 1>295
Temperature In °F 76
ni38olTed oxygen In parts per million 15-5
Percent saturation i-^'i
pH 8.5
757 991 939
W 76 TD
6.8 8.0 7.8
78 95 87
7.5 7.9 7.8
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 116
Magnesium (Mg) 36
Sodium (Na) 116
Potassium (K) 5.2
Carbonate (COi) 10
Bicarbonate (HCO3) I8I
Sulfate (SOl) 356
Chloride (CI) 107
Nitrate (NOj) U.5
Fluoride (F) 0.7
Boron (B) 0.26
Silica (Si02) 20
71 83 82
26 29 26
68 87 7li
2.9 U U.l
0.00 0.00
l'»5 161 1U5
2U6 261 252
50 77 75
0.00 2.8 1.7
0.09 O.U 0.3
0.00 0.12 O.OU
5 10 8
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 858
Percent sodlvm liO
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million
Total 397
Noncarbonate 258
Turbidity in parts per million 60
588 66U 630
33 37 3'»
250 323 Ilk
12U 195 191
< 5 < 5 < 5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter 700,000
Radioactivitj in micro-micro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha 2.118
Solid alpha I.08
Dissolved beta I3.96
Solid beta 9-25
0.1*5 6.2 0.6
0.72 0.08
0.18 0.00
13.96 1..75
1.1*1 1.37
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
■■ l,U<jo Tr
i j
1,200
---''"~"->
ji i i TT T
;;;:::::::::::::::::::::;;:;:::::::r:;::::::::::::
1,000 ..-::i.i::'..\..± =:::::=,:::!!....
J:x.,/ \
St: s::5.s .'.■■.:'.'..
Si. s 1 /
o'^ 600 J M- '
•00 V i
o'i 600 - -- -
1^
^^ 1)00
200 - - -
__
?■? "O'''
J,.
20,000 ^ ■■■^: -
....::s ..::'
/\
15,000 - I
;:::;:""::::":
z ^
J,.,.,,. i
1 L -
« 10,000 -
"
a "1 "
5,000
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
COLORADO RIVER NEAR TOPOCK (STA. 54 )
91
COLORADO RIVER AT COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT IIWAKE (STA. 56d)
Sampling Point . Station 56d is located in Section 28 of Township 3 North,
Range 27 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
frcan the right bank of Lake Havasu at the intake to the Colorado River
Aqueduct, 1.5 miles upstreaira from Parker Dajn.
Period of Record . November 1953 through December 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . Colorado River water at Station 56d is
calcium- sodium sulfate in character and very hard, with moderate concen-
trations of dissolved solids. Sulfate, with a median of 273 ppm for the
6-year period of record, exceeds the recommended limit for drinking water.
The water is class 1 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959, the quality of the water
was about the same as that in 1958> which showed improvement over that of
the previous four years of record. Analysis of the radioactivity of the
water indicated the solid beta activity was il72 uuc/l on Jsuiuary 1^+, 1959.
■92-
yuATcp QUALITY RANGE'S Limits from Metropolitan Water District
Itm Maxlmm of R*cord Hlniam of Record MaxlBun - 1959 Mlnlnw - 1959
Specific conduetanoe (Blcroahoe «t 25oC) 1,295
Teeqperature In "F 6?
DlssolTod ozTgoi in parts par Billion
Percent saturation
pH 6-5
922 990 922
50 65 52
7.2 8.5 7.''
Kineral eonstitnsnta in parts per million
Calcioa (Ca) 10*
HagneelUB (Ng) 36
Sodiv (Ra) 122
Pot«3sl»i h) 6
Carbonate (CO3) 6
Bicarbonate (6(303) 1^
Sulfate (SOv) 370
Chloride (CI) 112
nitrate (IIO3) 2.6
nuorlde (K) 0.4
Boron (B)
Silica (3102) l?.**
75 85 75
a* 27 2fc
1 "l 1
050
111 lUB 111
2»i8 273 246
64 78 6k
0.4 2.1 0.6
0.3 0.4 0.3
6.3 U 10
Total dissolved solids in parts par Hllllon 8^
Percent sodii* VX
Hardness as Ca003 in porta par allllon
Total k02
Moncarbooate 268
Turbidity in parts per ■lllion 25
376 639 580
34 39 34
277 340 266
165 200 166
0.2 25 0.4
Coltfont in aost probable nunber par milliliter
EUdloactlTlt7 In ■icro-olcro curies par liter
mssolTed alpha
Solid alpha '"^
DlssolTed beta , ,, _
Solid beta ^3^-5
1.9 5.4 3-0
4.4 21.2 13.0
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1
.1
1
1 t
t " "
i
i,linfi
1,200 - - ^.1
"1;::;: ;;::;;;'■;■
« . •• -
, 1,000 1 -■..■■■■■
\ T T
s-" ii '
|;j 800 _L
m
u
a 600 _
S," ...1 4 _
llOO
200
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
COLORADO RIVER AT COLOR
INTAKE (S
ADO RIVER AQUEDUCT
TA 56d)
93
COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM (STA. 55)
Sampling Point . Station 55 is located in Section l6 of Township 2 North,
Range 27 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sanrples were collected
from the right bank on the California side at the River Lodge boat dock,
which is one mile upstream from the United States Geological Survey gage
and three miles downstream from Parker Dam.
Period of Record . April I95I through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . Past analyses show this water to be
sodium-calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character and very hard. The water
is class 1 for irrigation, and meets drinking water standards for mineral
constituents, except that sulfate exceeds the recommended limit.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None.
■9h-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Specific conductance (nlcromhos at 25''C)
Tonperaturo in *^F
DlseolTed oxygen in [>arts par million
Percent saturation
pH
Maxljiium of Record
1,368
81
97
105
8.1.
Hlnijnoi of Record
TTl
66
6.0
73
7.2
NaxlHun - 1957
963
76
7.2
77
6.0
HlnlAM - 1959
gkz
69
6.2
73
6.0
Mineral conatituenta in parts per million
CalclUB (Ca)
Ma^asium (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COi)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (HOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
110
36
120
1*2
10
183
360
109
5.0
0.7
0.30
20
75
25
72
2.9
0.00
uo
226
52
0.00
0.00
0.05
5
81
30
86
1>2
0.00
isv
265
76
2.5
0.30
0.12
10
Total dlssolTsd solids In parts per nllllon
Percent sodl\a
Hardness as CaCO^ in parte par ailllon
Ttotal
Koncarbonate
TarWdity In parts per million
850
l«0
399
265
25
560
3*
256
186
< 5
67*
37
327
201
< 5
Collfona in aost probable maber per ■illlllter
RadloaotiTlty In nlcro-mlcro c\iries per liter
msBOlTsd alpha
Solid alpha
Qlssolred beta
Solid beta
77
1-29
0.82
12.63
J.Ik
0.0U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.3
0.72
0.62
2.05
7-2»
TJ
26
75
w.o
0.00
IkO
256
75
1.2
0.3
0.05
9
630
307
197
< 5
0.2
0.36
0.5*
0.06
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
uoo
200
o a
u o
V. u
800 / *^ i '"■' .'.'.'.','.'.'..
uoo . L -
_)_ J-.
COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM (STA. 55)
95
COLORADO RIVER NEAR BLITHE (STA. 56c)
Sampling Point . Station 56c is located in Section 2 of Township 7 South,
Range 23 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saimples vrere collected
0.5 mile downstream from the U. S. 6O-7O Highway bridge from the boat
dock on the California side.
Period of Record . May 1953 through 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium-
calcixim sulfate-bicarbonate in character, very hard, and class 1 for
irrigation. The mineral constituents meet drinking water standards except
for sulfate, which slightly exceeds the recommended limit of 250 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The slight improvement in mineral
quality which occurred in 1958 was maintained in 1959*
-96-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ite
Specific conduct«nc« (alcroahoa it 25°C)
l^i^Mrature In "P
DlsaolTsd cu^Tian In part* per Billion
Parcait saturation
pH
HaxlMun of Record
Hinlna of Record
Haidnujn
1959
HinlBin - 1959
1,290
82
8.6
105
8-3
9W
70
7.0
87
7-7
1.019
78
7.6
87
7.9
9i>8
73
7.2
87
7.6
Hlnsril conatitoants in parts par Billion
Calcitat (Ca)
Nacneelm (Hf)
Sodim (la)
Potaaslni (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (BOO3)
Sulfate (SOi^)
Chloride (CI)
■ItraU (HOj)
noorlda (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3i02)
lOk
36
121
5-6
Ik
172
361.
116
k.S
0.8
0.22
20
78
26
81
U.O
0.0
ll»9
263
71
0.7
0.3
0.06
5
85
29
90
It.li
0.0
159
273
85
2.1
0.5
0.13
20
83
26
88
'..3
0.0
1'.9
266
80
1.5
0.3
0.10
8
Total diaaolrad solida in parts per Billion
f^ u a ut aodiiB
Wanlnaaii as Ca003 in parts p«r Blllioa
Tbtal
■oocarbonata
Tarfaidi^ in parts par Billion
910
liO
396
261>
629
3".
310
la
< 5
690
38
327
197
< 25
657
37
319
197
< 5
Colifom in Boat probable noaber per Billilitar
Kadioactlrlty in Bicro-alcro caries par liter
Diaaolrad alpha
SoUd alpla
DlssolTad bata
SoUd bata
6.2
0.86
11.06
5.32
0.l»5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.2
0.51
0.3U
10.71
1.88
2.3
0.17
0.00
5.26
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
,_ 1,600
» u
Is 1,200
u
800
koo
COLORADO RIVER NEAR BLYTHE (STA 56c
97
ALL AMERICAN CANAL NEAR PILOT KNOB (STA. 56a)
Sampling Point . Station 56a is located in Section 2k of Township I6 South,
Range 21 East, San Bernardino Base and MeridiaJi. Samples were collected
from the left bank just upstream from the Highway 80 bridge over the canal,
5 miles west of the Yuma bridge.
Period of Record . May 1953 through 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The canal water at Station 56a is sodium-
calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character and very hard. Except for moder-
ately high sulfate concentrations, the water meets drinking W3.ter standards
for mineral constituents. Total dissolved solids and specific conductance
values generally place this water in class 2 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . In I958 the mineral quality of the
water improved over that of the previous years of record and the improve-
ment was maintained in 1959*
-98-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita« Maxlnum of Record HlnljMH of R«cord|^ M»)cli«uj« - 1959 | HlnlJMi - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 2SOC) 1,353
Temperature In °r 8U
Dissolved oxygen in parts par million 10.0
Percent saturation 119
pH 6.U
961 1,116 1,095
65 81. 65
5.5 8.2 5.5
71 66 71
7.8 6.2 8.2
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 101
Magnesium (Mg) Itl
Sodium (Na) 132
Potassiw (K) 6.2
Carbonate (CO-j) 10
Bicarbonate (HCO3) I77
Sulfate (SOr) 365
Chloride (CI) I3I
Nitrate (NO3) U.5
Fluoride (F) O.7
Boron (B) O.9
Silica (3102) 20
82 92 87
26 26 26
93 106 108
U.O U.6 U.3
0.00 0.00 0.00
15U 171 159
260 292 a60
61 106 101
0.70 1.5 1.0
O.U 0.5 0.5
0.10 0.12 0.12
5 20 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 93I1
Percent sodivB hs
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million
Total U05
Noncarbonate 365
Turbidity in parts per million < 25
663 785 726
36 Ul UO
311 3U5 332
180 205 202
< 5 < 25 < 25
Collforra in most probable number per ■llliliter 2U0
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha O.63
Solid alpha I.55
Dissolved beta 16.72
Solid beta 18.36
0.U5 23 2.3
0.00 0.83 0.25
0.00 0.51 0.36
0.00 9.56 9.29
0.00 3.a 2.oe
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1,1*00
T I
1 = :::!_:.
1,200 .. ..
t:::: LK
'
1,000 J. e''
tj
e • - - _
i: 800 1
1 • T
Q 1
il 600 1
"■a ... .
-^
aoo
..
1
'■■ .
fi 6,000 !::, -lN
./ ::: ,/...
.. . \..i'_.
i k.OOO --.
a
2,000
I9SI 1992 IMS I9S4 193
3 I99« l»S7 I9M I9M
ALL AMERICAN CANAL NEAR P
LOT KNOB(STA 56o)
99
COLORADO RIVER AT YUMA, ARIZONA (STA. 56)
Sampling Point . Station 56 is located in Section 36 of Township I6 South,
Rsjige 22 East, San Bernaa-dino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the left bank, Arizona side, at the old Highway 80 "bridge, O.k mile
north of the United States Geological Survey gage.
Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is sodium-calcium
sulfate-hicarbonate in character and very hard. Total dissolved solids
usually place this water in class 2 for irrigation. Mineral constituents
meet drinking water standards except for sulfate, which has exceeded the
recommended limit of 25O ppm throughout the nine year period of record.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None.
-100-
WATER QUALITY RANGES Umit. f«- dwr Analyse, oai.
Itea HarUum of Racord Hlnlflua of Recordj Hazlaun - 1959 Hlnljna - 19^9
Specific conductance (■ioro«hoo at 25°C) 1,582
TeBperature In "7 91
nisoolTed oxygen In parts par Billion 8.8
Percent satxiratlon 106
PH 9.2
833 i,2ii7 1,199
52 86 52
6.0 8.0 6.0
71 89 79
7.0 9.2 7.0
Mineral conatitnenta In parts per alllion
Calcl» (Ca) lli
Magnesium (Mg) U5
Sodium (Na) 168
Potasslaa h) 6.U
Carbonate (OOj) 10
Bicarbonate {HCO3) 220
SuUate (SOv) 38I
Chloride (CI) 176
Nitrate (NO3) 3.5
Fluoride (F) 0.8O
Boron (B) O.56
Silica (3102) 20
76 97 90
ae 32 31
92 127 120
3.3 '••8 U.6
0.00 0.00 0.00
137 190 171
252 309 299
58 160 92
0.00 1.5 0.5
0.1 0.5 o.u
0.02 0.16 O.lU
0.00 10 10
Total dlssolTed solids in parts par aillion 1,050
Percent sodlvM It7
Hardness as Ca003 in parts per Billion
Ttotal It62
Noncarbonate 279
Turbidity in parts par Billion *5
6U2 870 802
39 1*2 U2
a61t 39l» 261*
189 218 212
< 5 I*? 18
Colifora in aost probable mnber per ■illilitar 70,000
Radioactivity in alcro-Bicro curies per liter
DissolTed alpha O.97
Solid alpha 2.2U
Dissolved beta 10 .80
Solid beta 17.68
0.1: 75 o.k
0.00 OM O.Ul
0.00 o.i»5 O.Ul
0.00 7.63 2.67
0.00 1.35 0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
• ■[J- 1,600 J. -
3 t/N
♦,0J -... ----__..__... _ ..__.-.._-_
./-: N ., -■ s
■g " 1,200 ...J, ^(_
"■ ... - -
"1 '::'!^:i,./. <:::::::::::;::::::;"_ .
^
^1 ^/ ■■«.. ,''
tt 800 _ \:
ii
uoo
20 , .
16 !^. . .1
t ■ - / T
„ ''" 1
„8 12 1...^,
5 8 iT I
^: ...11 ..r:
5fi 8 : i.\—
u J
..,,..,. .\
>. L ..L, <:''::-.
r-\
/ i
1'
^ t
........10.. ...... J.. 0.0. >..«... JO. <.—.-... 50.0,.. — ,,
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
COLORADO RIVER AT YUMA (STA,56)
101
COLORADO RIVER BELOW MORELOS DAM (STA. 56b)
Sampling Point . Station 56b is located in Section 28 of Township 8 South,
Range 2k West, Gila and Salt Mver Base and Meridian. Samples were taken
from the left bank, Arizona side, 0.25 mile downstream from Morelos Dam.
The dam is approximately 1 mile downstream from the Califomia-Mexico-
Arizona boundary jiinction.
Period of Record . May I953 throvigh 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The mineral content of the surface water
at this station is significantly higher than in the upper reaches of the
river. Specific conductance values have continually exceeded 1,000
micromhos in the six year period of record, placing this water in class 2
for irrigation use. Sulfate content exceeds the standard for drinking
water. The water is usually sodium-calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in
character and very hard.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Improvement in mineral quality exhib-
ited in analysis data for 1958 was maintained in 1959-
'102-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item MaxLraum of Record Minimun of Record Maximum - IJS? Minljnun - 195?
Specific conductance (nicrorahos at 25°C) 1,557
Temperature In °F 86
DlsBolved oxygen in parts per million 8.8
Percent saturation lOU
pH 8.U
l.oUl 1,193 1,1U6
56 86 72
U.O 5.2 U.O
52 59 52
7.6 8.3 8.1
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca) X2k
Magnesium (Mg) 1*3
Sodium (Na) 150
Potassium (K) 6.2
Carbonate (CO3) 12
Bicarbonate (HOO3) 326
Sulfate (SOl) UOU
Chloride (CI) I5U
Nitrate (NOj) U.O
Fluoride (F) 0.7
Boron (B) 0.26
Silica (Si02) 20
79 97 90
28 33 31
91* 117 106
U.O U.8 U.O
0.0 0.0 0.0
1U2 203 176
266 300 286
88 lie 99
0.25 1.0 0.5
O.U 0.5 0.5
0.10 o.iu 0.12
10 10 10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million 1,090
Percent sodiuo li3
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total U86
Noncarbonate 300
Turbidity in parts per million 35
707 800 787
36 Ul 38
325 370 360
188 216 20U
< 5 35 < 25
Conform In most probable number par nillillter TOO
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
DissolTed alpha O.9O
Solid alpha O.91
DissolTod beta 26.22
Solid beta 17.30
223 TOO 2U0
0.00 0.83 0.26
0.00 0.57 0.37
0.00 12.91 7.75
0.00 2.79 0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
t> ^ ... . .. . _, _ __.
00
3 ^ 1,600 4,
« «
,...-■■*■-.,
"1 1,200
,.--'"
1
|i 800 1
llOO 1
'1
_.
J.
u.ooo ,
TT
_ _ ^ ,_. _,
0)
fi 3,000 , :..), /A
i._.<. 1..,!.. __.j
o"
6 ^.' \'
i 2,000 :
Vi
.\ _.
a
1,000 ._
.;..
] — ^
' ■-... . --■-■"" '"'j^
j,«aH,jasoN0jrH*itJjasoH0,F«AtiJJ*SOMajriiAMjj«SON0jrii*iij
1951 1952 1953 1954 19:
)5 1956 1957 1958 1959
COLORADO RIVER BELOW MORELOS DAM(STA.56b)
103
Alamo River Basin
The Alauno River, together with the New River, serve as drainage
channels for the Imperial Valley in the southern portion of the Coiorado
River Basin Region. Their combined drainage area in California is about
1,695 square miles, of which only about 10 square miles are mountains or
hills .
The Alamo River originates in Mexico and flows northward to the
Salton Sea, draining the east side of the Imperial Valley. The valley's
climate is arid, and the natural runoff to the Alamo River is virtually
nonexistent. The surface flow in the Alamo River consists almost entirely
of waste water, primarily irrigation return water. The average annual
discharge of the Alamo River to Salton Sea is about 700,000 acre-feet.
The extensive agricultural economy of the Imperial Valley depends
upon irrigation with Colorado River water conveyed to the valley by the
All American Canal. The irrigation return water, and occasionally waste
water from the All American Ceinal, as well as the waste waters of a number
of communities in CaJ-ifornia constitute the flow of the Alamo River. Major
domestic etnd food processing waste discharges to the Alamo River are
treated sewage wastes from the City of El Centro (2.0 mgd) and the City
of Holtville (0.9 mgd), raw sewage from the City of Calijjatria (0.25 ragd),
and industrial waste water from a beet siigar refinery near Brawley (2.0 mgd).
Sewage amd irrigation waste waters reach the stream in Mexico.
The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water
quality on the Alamo River are:
-IOI+-
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Alamo River
at International Boundary 106
Alamo River
near Calipatria 108
■105-
ALAMO RIVER AT INTERNATIOML BOUNDARY (STA. 59)
Sampling Point . Station 59 is located in Section l8 of Township 17 South,
Range 16 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Seunples were collected
between the All Americaja Canal and the International Boundary, upstream
from canal seepage pipes (imperial Irrigation District Station AR-l).
Period of Record . February 1951 through 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium
sulfate-chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for
domestic use and class 3 for irrigation.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None .
■106-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
MaxLnun of Record Nlnlnum of Record Naxlnum - 1959
Hlnlntn - 19S9
Specific oonductance (microahoe at 2$oC)
Ttaperatur* In "t
QLsaolTed o]^n«n 1" parts par million
Parcatt saturation
P«
6,666
83
16.0
171*
e.k
l,31'«
kk
7.3
5,700
83
16.0
n't
8.0
l,31lt
53
2.8
36
7-7
Nlnaral oonatltnante In parta par ■illion
CalcliB (Ca)
IH^nMln (I^)
SodliB (la)
^taaoliB (K)
Carbonate (OO3)
Bicarbonate (BOO3)
Stilfate (3(V)
Chlortda (CI)
■lUrate (IDj)
Floorlila (7)
BbLUU (B^
Miioa (saoe)
307
166
960
lU
2k
l>86
1,266
1,1*00
18.6
1.2
2.32
25
91.
35
lllO
U.6
0.0
110
31*0
108
0.0
0.6
0.20
10
266
129
836
12
0.0
381
1,073
1,120
8.5
0.6
2.06
15
95
35
lUO
It .6
0.0
23lt
3U0
108
0.0
0.8
0.20
10
IMal dLaaaliad aoUda In parka par BllllDn
iK^aaa aa CiCOj ia parts per gdlllon
»«al
Tta-Uiitllv In parts par ■lUlon
U,679
65
1,'»57
1,137
160
672
381
63
< 5
3,51*0
62
1,155
923
30
891.
Ul*
381
189
< 5
CoUfoTB in Bort probable ntabar per ■lllilltar
BadtoactlTltjr In aicro-alcro curias per liter
DLsaolTed alpba
Soiid al4>lia
Ussol-rad bata
Solid beta
70,000
0.83
1.57
13.00
11.15
0.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
700
0.83
0.36
10.1*8
6.23
2.8
0.00
0.16
1.1*2
0.17
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
ALAMO RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY
(STA 59)
107
ALAMO RIVER NEAR CALIPATRIA (STA. 60)
Sampling Point . Station 60 is located in Section 22 of Tovnship 11 South,
Range 13 East, San Bemaj'dino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the left bank 6.2 miles north of the Westmorlajid-Calipatria Highway,
0.4 mile dovmstream fjrora the lateral 3-road bridge (imperial Irrigation
District Gaging Station AR-17).
Period of Record . March I95I through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 60 is slightly better
in mineral quality than that at Station 59 upstream. Dilution by irriga-
tion return water from the surrounding area is apparently the cause. The
water is sodium chloride -sulfate in character and unsuitable for domestic
or agricultural use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959 the mineral content decreased
slightly over that of the previous three years. The City of El Centro
discharged raw sewage into the Alamo River until late 1958? and since that
time has discharged treated effluent from its sewage treatment plant to
the stream. The City of Holtville also discharged treated sewage effluent
into the Alamo River in 1959'
-108.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
NAXljna of Record
WnlaiB of Racord
Haxlaua
1959
1959
3psciflc conductance (aic:
ToHper«tur« In °F
»t 2S0C)
DlasolTsd oxTgan in parts pmr altllan
Parcent saturation
pH
87
Ik. 2
IJl
6.k
2.230
k6
5-0
59
7-1
^,6ak
85
10.5
95
6.2
3.096
57
5-0
65
Ix2_
Klnaral conatituanta in parta par Billion
Calcliaa (Ca)
Ma^ealUB (Kg)
Sodloa (Na)
Potasaiiai (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOr)
Chloride (CI)
Mitrata (HOO
noorlde (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
207
99
'•75
15.6
18.
366
735
935
19-2
1.2
1.0
38
127
55
296
7.5
0.0
118
••52
0.6
0.00
0.23
10
'•75
U
366
666
T90
13
0.8
0.59
ao
172
ai
380
10
195
637
565
u
0.8
o.aB
10
Total dlaeolTad sollda in pu-ta par Billion
Parcent sodliM
Hardness as CaCOj in parta par allllon
total
lone ar bona ta
Torbidltgr in parts par Billion
2,707
59
l,0k2
765
600
1,^60
15
5*8
< 5
«,303
56
900
729
600
2,135
5*
757
J89
160
Collfora in aost probable nuiber par Blllillter
IUdioactiTlt7 in «lcro-«iicro curias por liter
DlssolTad alpha
Solid alpha
UssolTsd beta
Solid beta
10,000
1.96
1.9B
19-61
l'»-75
23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5,000
0.20
0.27
5.07
197
60
0.00
0.00
8.38
O.Bl
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
•3-5
900
600
700
600
500
MX)
800
^l
L..
\i
S'
,.:■'
'■>
,vy.,.'
;;;:;::
TOO ,
: I rr::::i::;iT
600
::.::...:.::::::: ._^.-^_.,.=....,.---;:;;-H '"t ;"=::;;;;;;;;;::..
,.-\ ...-■'. . ' t
500 ..< :d
: . , s ,■■:::: :
too ....!.....
.A _ _
ALAMO RIVER NEAR CALIPATRIA (STA.60)
109
New River Basin
The New River, together with the Alamo River, serve as drainage
channels for the Imperial Valley in the southern portion of the Colorado
River Basin Region. Their combined drainage area in California is about
1,695 square miles, of which only about 10 square miles are mountains or
hills.
The New River originates in Mexico and flows northward to the
Salton Sea, draining the west side of the Imperial Valley. It was first
eroded into a river channel in I90U and I905 ^en the Colorado River
broke through the bank of an irrigation canal, flowing to the previously
dry Salton Sink. The valley's climate is arid and the natural runoff to
the New River is virtually nonexistent. The surface flow consists almost
entirely of waste water, primarily irrigation return water. The average
annual discharge of the New River to the Salton Sea is about 560,000
acre-feet.
The extensive agricultural economy of the Imperial Valley
depends on irrigation with Colorado River water conveyed to the valley
by the All American Canal. Irrigation return water, and occasionally
waste waters from the All American Canal, as well as waste waters of a
number of communities in California and Mexico constitute the flow of
the New River. Major sewage discharges including food processing wastes
are untreated wastes from the City of Brawley (1.0 mgd) and the City of
Calexico {O.k mgd) in California, and from the City of Mexicali in
Mexico.
The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water
quality on the New River are:
-110-
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
New River at International
Boundary 112
New River near Westmorland llU
■111-
NEW RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY (STA. 5?)
Sajnpling Point . Station 57 is located in Section ik of Township 17 South,
Range 1^*- East, San Bernardino Base and Meridiaui. The water was sampled
from the right bank, 150 yards north of the International Boundary
(Imperial Irrigation District Station NR-l).
Period of Record . April 195I through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium
chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for domestic
uses suid class 3 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959 total dissolved solids
decreased slightly from 1958 values. Bacterial counts were high, with a
median of 62,000 MPN/ml.
-112-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Specific conductance (■icroahos at 2SoC)
IMperature In °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts par Billion
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral cons tl taenia in parts per nillion
Calciwi (Ca)
Haenoslun (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
Potasslim (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Hltrate (HOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SIO2)
Total dissolved solids in parts per HiUlon
Percent sodl\a
Hardness as Ca003 in parts per million
Total
Moncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
Colifom In most probable number par milliliter
Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
SoUd beta
Maximum of Record
9,l43li
99
17.5
11.5
8.6
1.38
??U
1,350
38
2li
lUh
1,138
2,815
2U
1.10
2
20
80
6,689
71.
2,299
2,11.3
200
7,000,000
0.21.
1.21,
13.72
15.96
HinlHum of Record
1,310
U3
0.0
0.0
6.8
123
60
220
1.5
0.00
151.
21.0
181
0.0
0.00
0.12
10
1,620
U9
396
216
<5
1.50
MaxijBum
1959
'i.lOO
86
12.5
11.5
8.2
00
200
101
867
38
276
633
1,580
5.0
0.80
i.Uo
20
3,1.20
71.
1,000
810
200
Hinljinn - 1959
U,65l
56
2.1.
32
7.9
212
100
71.9
30
0.00
232
57U
1,210
3.5
0.60
0.8U
15
700,000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.1.5
7.66
1.66
3,203
63
607
1.03
13,000
0.00
0.17
5.53
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
ol
SI
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
7,000
6,000
5,000
!.,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
200
100
/-■M
I
\
r\
d
/.\.,J-
\v
sJ
;:■:;'
■.
:^^,
\y-r
1951
■;:=:;
-'
-^f'-J
1952
1^
^-.-y''-U:s
1953
-J
t\i
1954
';
K,,.^
, = . = >■=",
1955
1956
4^-,^--i^
1957
1958
■J
1959
NEW RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY
(STA 57)
113
NEW RIVER NEAR WESTMORLAND (STA. 58)
Sampling Point . Station 58 is located in Section 30 of Township 12 South,
Range I3 East, San Bernardino Base ajid Meridian. Samples were collected
from the right bank, 50 feet south of Vail Canal crossing which is 3 miles
west of the Calipatria-Westmorland Highway and 0.6 mile downstream from
No. 10 Road bridge (imperial Irrigation District Station NR-I7).
Period of Record . February 1951 through 19^9'
Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is unsuitable for
domestic use and class 3 for irrigation. It is sodium chloride -sulfate
in character and extremely hard.
Significant Water Qiiality Changes . In 1959 boron reached 2.3O ppm, a
maximum for the nine years of record. Specific conductance was more than
i4-,000 micromhos throughout 1959 •
-nil-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Hudnum of Record
NlnljiUB of Record
1959
Hlnimim - 1959
Specific conductance (Blcraahoe et 2Soc)
T«i^>erature In '*T
Ueeolred oiygen In pert* per million
Percent seturetlon
PH
5,319
86
13.0
130
8.U
2,155
US
U.8
60
7.2
85
13.0
136
8.1
U.iBI.
58
u.e
62
7.6
Mlnerel conatltsenta in parte per ■llllon
Celclm (C<)
Na(ne«lm (N()
Sodltai (Ra)
Pot«asi\K (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate (hCX)3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
litraU 003)
flooride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (310;)
210
100
7U?
19
17
U52
687
1.320
lU
0.8
2.30
23
121
57
332
7.6
0.00
lUO
'•13
i<e6
1.5
o.u
0.3U
7.6
200
92
7U9
19
0.'
256
61»2
1,320
7.
0.-
2.
10
185
87
600
16
0.00
22U
601
950
7.5
0.8
0.76
10
Total dlsaolTad sollda in parte per Billion
P«reent sodlim
Bardneee as Ca003 in parts par Billion
Tbtal
loncarbonate
Tarbldll7 in parts par Billion
3,391
66
1,633
759
1,200
1,560
53
522
390
15
2,9eo
65
965
759
1,200
2,671
61
819
633
250
Collf ora tn moat probable ninber per BlUlllter
RadioactlTitr in ■Icro-alcro enriea per liter
DlesolTsd alpha
Solid alpha
Qiasolred beta
SoUd beta
700,000
0.59
1.25
12.18
8.19
60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2lt,000
0.25
O.Ul
7.oe
3-83
1,300
0.00
0.36
O.IjO
Q.75
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
= = j\ = = ..
y''
^.[/.:'.[':/.
I
1,500
1,250
1,000
75Q
500
250
,'\bJ
[z'.A'.t:
i'.::i='.
r-\.
-\[
[l'^:^'.
^>
:v'
/'■
^.-.,'-\..y.J:::A
y.-y-s
K'^'
il
ft
1,250
1,000
750
500
250
:: = ;
.''
■/
1991
•\
.!
"-(
,r/::i\u.j:':.
1992
1993
1994
::;::■:.:;;::
1999
NEW RIVER NEAR WESTMORLAND (STA.58)
115
Sal ton Sea
The Salton Sea lies in the south-central portion of the Colorado
River Basin Region. It occupies the depression between Imperial Valley
BJid Coachella Valley, and receives all the irrigation return and waste
water discharges from these areas. The sea is approximately 33 miles long
and 12 miles wide. It is very shallow; the greatest depth is about 45
feet at the north end. The water surface elevations ranged from 233.75
feet below sea level in May 1959> to 23^.45 feet below sea level in
September 1959.
In spite of the saline characteristics of the waters of the
Salton Sea and its warm temperature, imported salt-water game and feeder
fish have been propagated with success. Recreational benefits provided
by the sea have fostered the development of resort communities along its
shores .
The one station currently maintained to monitor surface water
quality in Salton Sea is Salton Sea at Salton Sea State Park. It is dis-
cussed on page ll8.
■117-
SALTON SEA AT SALTON SEA STATE PARK (STA. 68a)
Sampling Point . Station 68a is located in Section 2 of Township 7 South,
Range 10 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the northeast shore at the boat launching ramp of Salton Sea State
Park.
Period of Record . March 1955 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . Salton Sea water is sodium chloride in
character and similar to ocean water, but with calcium and sulfate concen-
trations slightly higher than in ocean water and with chloride concentra-
tions slightly loT.'feT. The water is unsuitable for either domestic or
agricultural uses.
Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959, total dissolved solids exceeded
355OOO ppm, slightly higher in concentration than in the previous four years
of record.
-118-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Iten MaxJjiiun of Record Hlnlaun of Racord tUxlnun - 1959 HlnljnB - 1959
Specific conductance (nicromhoe at 250C) 63,000
Temperature In °F 96
DlseolTed ojygen In parts par million 13«5
Percent saturation 200
pH 8.6
27,027 "tS-llO 3lt,1.8o
57 92 63
1.6 11.2 5.8
18 116 82
6.9 8-5 8.0
Mineral constltuenta In parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 950
Magnesium (Mg) 1,125
Sodium (Na) 10,500
PotaosiiM h) 170
Carbonate (COj) 31
Bicarbonate (HCO3) lt03
Sulfate (SOv) 7,766
Chloride (CI) 16,900
Nitrate (IIO3) 50.5
Fluoride {?) U.O
Boron (B) 9.1*0
Silica (3IO2) 15
U56 818 816
581 965 926
5.800 10,500 9,850
l"*" 156 156
0-00 12 0.00
1''6 220 161
3.758 7,Ull* 7,200
8.300 15,000 13,750
0-00 2.0
2-3 3.5 2.7
3.75 8.1* 6.6
5 5
Total dissolved solids in parts per nillion 38,763
80
Percent sodl\M
Hardness as CaC03 In parts p«r million
Total 7,000
Noncarbonate 6,700
Turbidity In parts per million 1*0
19,960 35,902 35,160
76 79 78
5,'.60 6,260 5,580
5,'ta6 6,060 5,1*26
< 5 < 25 < 5
Collform in most probable number par milliliter 2.3
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter g g
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha 0-''5
Dissolved beta U.2li
Solid beta 5-73
< 0.1*5 0.60 < 0.1*5
0-09 0.10 0.09
0.00 0.1*5 0.00
O.Ol* 11.21* o.OU
0.00 5.73 0.00 1
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1 1 II
1
"" "
1*6,000 ij _
cu
1*1*, 000 1.
1/
1 .
1
1.2,000
^
. ..^, _...« -.5
..A r - - J J ,
^ U0,000 _
...u.. V ""../
•J
^ s ' 1
1 38,000
1 \
£ I A
I '.
1 36,000
5.
4)
' 1 r .
i " ""
3'', 000
1
% "
g
^ 32,000 . , _
H
° 30,000
26,000
--.--._.._.l._ .... _....„.- ,^. . _.__
1951 I9S2 I9S3 1954 19
55 1956 1957 1958 1959
SALTON SEA AT SALTON
(STA 68
SEA STATE PARK
0)
119
Whitewater River Basin
The Whitewater River is located in the northwesterly portion
of Colorado River Basin Region. Its drainage area lies between the
Little San Bernardino Mountains on the northeast and the San Jacinto
Mountains on the southwest. The river originates on the south slope of
Mount San Gorgonio, and flows southeastward through Coachella Valley to
the Salton Sea. The drainage area of the Whitewater River system is
about 1,57'+ square miles, consisting of about 1,07^ square miles of
mountains and foothills and 500 square miles of valley and mesa lands.
The mean annual natural runoff to the Whitewater River is estimated to
be about 19,300 acre-feet.
Surface water is diverted from the upper reaches of the
Whitewater River for export to an area north of Banning for electric
power production and irrigation. Some flow is diverted near Whitewater
to the City of Palm Springs by a pipeline, for irrigation only. In the
reach from Whitewater to Indio the river is usually dry. From Indio to
the Salton Sea irrigation return waters, and occasionally excess water
from wasteways of the Coachella branch of the All American Canal, make
up a persistent flow. Average annual' flow of the Whitewater River to
Salton Sea is estimated to be about ^4-0, 000 acre-feet.
Treated sewage effluent from the Indio Sanitary District (3»0
n^d) is discharged to Whitewater River. The effluent contains waste
water from several food processing plants. Other sewage wastes
discharged to Whitewater River are small.
The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water
quality in Whitewater River are:
-120-
Monitoring Station
Whitewater River near
Whitewater
Whitewater River near Mecca
Page Number of
Station Discussion
122
121+
I
I
-121-
WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR WHITEWATER (OTA. 68)
Sampling Point . Station 68 is located in Section 2 of Township 3 South,
Range 3 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were taken from
the 8-foot Cipoletti Weir box at the United States Geological Survey gage
on the weir, 1.6 miles upstream from Whitewater.
Period of Record . February 1951 through 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is
calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, and moderately
hard. It meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Surface flow existed throughout 1959>
being supplemented by pumped ground water discharged into the river
channel upstream from Station 68 whenever the natural surface flow
diminished. Fluorides reached a new maximum of 1.2 ppm for the period of
record.
-122-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
DlsaolTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
Hajdinum of Record
81
12. U
123
8.5
Mlnijiniin of Record
"•5
6.0
61
Maximum - 1959
l4?b
72
11.0
123
8.U
Minimum - 1959
36fi
63
6.0
63
Mineral constituents in parts per Hllllon
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Ng)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate {HCO3)
Sulfate (SOk)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (S102)
57
18
16
5.
30
236
U9
16
3.
1.
0.16
?0
IjO
10
7
2.8
0.00
127
21
1
0.0
0.?5
0.00
11
56
la
IS
111
227
36
16
1.0
1.2
0.00
20
53
13
13
1..6
0.00
166
35
3
0.5
1.0
0.00
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodlm
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
285
20
301
109
2,000
212
7
65
< 5
275
15
197
17
80
2U1
la
167
10
< 5
Colifora in nost probable number per milliliter
Hadloactivlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2U,000
2.31
1.81»
25-51
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
Q.OO
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
62
1.01
0.63
11.05
< 0.U5
0.83
0.09
10.U5
0.00
CO
(0 l/\
700
u 600
500
UOO
300
200
ut
'X
'■h
\r^
ftj
50
UO
30
20
10
b.J.^
1951
rrs
'HAMjjAtOnC^rMAMjjASOMQjrMAHJJASOMOjrMAMjjAlONOjrMAIljJASOMOjFUAMjJASOMO
^.,
1954 1955
I .(
>;
',...:u,.j
P H A M J J A S M
1956 1957
r%
I'HAHJJASOHO
yix
JVMAMJ JASONO
1958 1959
WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR WHITEWATER (STA. 68)
123
WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR MECCA (STA. 68b)
Sampling Point , Station 68b is located in Section 31 of Township 7 South,
Range 9 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the center of the river as the flow comes out of the road culvert at
Lincoln Street crossing.
Period of Record . July 1957 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium
sulfate -chloride in character, class 3 for irrigation, and extremely
hard. It does not meet drinking water standards for mineral content.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Total dissolved solids continued to
increase in 1959> exceeding 3jOOO ppm. Fluoride reached a new maximum of
i+.O ppm in 1959.
-124-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
MaxLnum of Record Hlniraum of Record Haxljiium - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959
Specific conductance (nlcromhoe at 25°C)
Temperature In *^F
Dleeolved oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
pH
U,796
87
11.0
112
8.1*
3,13''
5l»
5.5
60
7.6
U,798
86
11.0
U8
6-3
3,690
62
6.5
8.U
8.0
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate {CO3)
Bicarbonate (HC»3)
Sulfate (SOr)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiO?)
19^
50
15
lU
378
1,160
690
25
U.O
1.85
20
IU9
U26
11.5
256
1146
387
8
1.2
0.56
15
igi*
euit
15
lU
378
1,160
680
25
It.O
1.85
20
166
lilt
650
13
315
1,025
518
2U
3-2
1.20
20
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodim
Hardness as CaCOj In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
3,100
73
768
U97
1,000
2,027
60
5U2
311
lUO
3,100
73
681.
38I.
1,000
2,7'»3
70
595
331
Collf om in most probable number par milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2,UO0
0.62
1.77
18.95
8.65
23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2,U00
0.30
0.56
17.56
8.65
23
0.0
0.16
5.30
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
OS 0)
o -d
1,100
1,000
900
800
700
900
I 700
a.
'^ 500
[T
.__._ j4-W--t- -----
1
1
WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR MECCA (STA 68b)
125
station
Number
5^
55
56
56a
56b
56c
56d
57
58
59
60
68
68a
68b
STREAM SAl
COLORADO RI^
&
Colorado I
Colorado 1
Colorado 1
All Ameri(
Colorado ]
Colorado I
Colorado I
New River
New River
Alamo Riv«
Alamo Rive
Whitewatei
Salton Set
Whitewatei
LEGEND
>'*^ SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION
I SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE
k INDUSTRIAL OR IRRIGATION
WASTE DISCHARGE
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
he resources agency of california
:partment of water resources
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
"ACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
|EAM SAMPLING STATIONS
OLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO 7)
1959
SCALE Of MILES
STREAM SAMPLIHG STATIONS
COLORADO RIVER REGION (NO. ?)
Station Name
Colorado River near Topock, Arizona
Colorado River below Parker Dam
Colorado River at Xuma, Arizona
All American Canal near Pilot Knob
Colorado River belov Morelos Dam
Colorado River near Blythe
Colorado River Aqueduct at Intake
New River at International Boundary-
New River near Westmorland
Alamo River at International Boundary
Alamo River near Calipatrla
Whitewater River near Whitewater
Salton Sea at.Salton Sea State Park
Whitewater River near Mecca
Santa Ana Region (No. 8)
The Santa Ana Region (No. 8) is situated in the south coastal
portion of California. It extends 25 miles along the coast from the Los
Angeles County-Orange County line to the San Joaquin Hills, and projects
inland from the ocean about 90 miles, expanding to a vridth of about 80
miles in the Upper Valley area. The area of the region is approximately
2, 8Uo square miles, of which 1,830 square miles are mountainous and
1,010 square miles are valley lands, mesas, and coastal plain.
The region is composed of the coastal plain in Orange County
and the drainage system of Santa Ana River in the inland portion. The
mean annual runoff from the Santa Ana River drainage area is approxi-
mately 322,000 acre-feet, and from various minor coastal water sources
in the Santa Ana Region about 6,100 acre-feet.
Eight stations have been established to maintain surveillance
of surface water quality in this region. The names of the surface water
sources and the number of stations on each (in parentheses) is shown in
the following tabulation:
Santa Ana River (^4^) Chino Creek (l)
Warm Creek (2) Lake Elsinore (l)
In common with other regions in Southern California the Santa
Ana Region experienced below normal precipitation and runoff to streams
in the 1958-59 rainfall season. Slight but distinct impairment of
surface water quality was apparent in comparison of 1959 analyses with
those of the preceding year but, in general, the mineral content remained
within the ranges for dissolved constituents for the ten year period of
record .
-127-
I
Santa Ana Region (No. 8)
The Santa Ana Region (No. 8) is situated in the south coastal
portion of California. It extends 25 miles along the coast from the Los
Angeles County-Orange County line to the San Joaquin Hills, and projects
inland from the ocean about 9^ miles, expanding to a width of about 80
miles in the Upper Valley area. The area of the region is approximately
2, 8Uo square miles, of which 1,830 square miles are mountainous and
1,010 square miles are valley lands, mesas, and coastal plain.
The region is composed of the coastal plain in Orange County
and the drainage system of Santa Ana River in the inland portion. The
mean annual runoff from the Santa Ana River drainage area is approxi-
mately 322,000 acre-feet, and from various minor coastal water sources
in the Santa Ana Region about 6,100 acre-feet.
Eight stations have been established to maintain surveillance
of surface water quality in this region. The names of the surface water
sources and the number of stations on each (in parentheses) is shown in
the following tabulation:
Santa Ana River {h) Chino Creek (l)
Warm Creek (2) Lake Elsinore (l)
In common with other regions in Southern California the Santa
Ana Region experienced below normal precipitation and runoff to streams
in the 1958-59 rainfall season. Slight but distinct impairment of
surface water quality was apparent in comparison of 1959 analyses with
those of the preceding year but, in general, the mineral content remained
within the ranges for dissolved constituents for the ten year period of
record.
-127-
Santa Ana River Basin
The Santa Ana River Basin occupies almost the entire area of
Santa Ana Region. The source of the river is at Big Bear Lake in the
San Bernardino Mountains. The river flows from the mountains to the
southwest, and discharges to the ocean between Huntington Beach and
Newport Beach. The drainage area of the Santa Ana River system is about
2, i+20 square miles comprised of 1,^4-80 square miles of mountainous ter-
rain and foothills, and 9^0 square miles of valley and mesa lands, and
coastal plain. The mean annual runoff from the drainage area is esti-
mated at 322,000 acre -feet.
Prado Flood Control Dam, located near the San Bernardino-Orange
County line, is the principal dam on the Santa Ana River. Diversion
works in the headwaters area at Big Bear Lake divert some of the surface
flow for electrical power production near Mentone. Some of the water
diverted is used for irrigation near Redlands and some is used in spread-
ing operations for the artificial recharge of underground reservoirs.
The principal use of Santa Ana River water is for recharge of the vast
underground storage basins of the region. The ground waters from these
basins supply most of the uses in the area. Colorado River water is dis-
charged to spreading areas in Orange County to replenish ground water
basins within the county. It is also used directly for irrigation and
domestic purposes in portions of the Santa Ana Region.
Hemet Reservoir and Railroad Canyon Resei-voir on the San
Jacinto River, tributary to the Santa Ana River, store most of the flow
of the tributary streajn. Discharge of the San Jacinto River is to Lake
Elsinore. The outlet of Lake Elsinore is Temescal Creek, which joins the
-129-
Santa Ana River near Prado Dam. There has seldom been any water in Lake
Elsinore since the surface water quality monitoring program was estab-
lished in 1953^ SLTid no observed flow in Temescal Creek in this period of
record. Colorado River water is discharged to the San Jacinto River for
storage in Railroad Canyon Reservoir.
Effluent waste water from the two sewage treatment plants of
the City of San Bernardino (9-5 ngd.) is discharged to Warm Creek and the
Santa Ana River. Effluent from the City of Corona sewage treatment
plant (1.0 n^d) is discharged to percolation ponds and to the Santa Ana
River. City of Riverside sewage treatment plant effluent (8.0 mgd) is
used for irrigation, but excess water, and irrigation return vrater, flow
to the Santa Ana River channel. City of Redlands treated sewage effluent
(2.0 n^d) is used for ground water recharge, with excess flowing to the
river. All these effluent wastes are discharged to the river channel
during ditch and pond clearing operations. A cement mill discharges
waste water (between 2.0 and 3-0 ngd) to settling basins, but overflow
reaches the river. There are a few other minor, and chiefly intermittent,
waste water discharges to the streams of the system.
The economy of the basin is predominantly agricultural. Rapid
population growth and increasing urbanization have followed the estab-
lishment of light manufacturing plants, particularly in the coastal area.
There are several military and naval establishments in the basin. Heavy
industry is represented by steel manufacture and cement milling in the
vicinity of the City of San Bernardino. Petroleum is produced in the
areas along the coast, and in the mountainous northern portion of Orange
County.
■130-
The eight stations on the Santa Ana River and its tributaries
established for surveillance of surface water quality are:
Page Number of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
Santa Ana River near Mentone 132
Santa Ana River near
Arlington 13U
Santa Ana River near Norco I36
Santa Ana River near Prado
Dam 138
Warm Creek at San Bernardino li+O
Warm Creek at Colton 1^12
Chino Creek near Chino lUli
Lake Elsinore near Elsinore ikS
-131-
SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR MENTONE (STA. 51b)
Sampling Point . Station 51^ is located, in Section h of Township 1
South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected at the tailrace of the Southern California Edison Company
Santa Ana River No. 3 Power Plant, 3-5 miles northeast of Mentone
near mouth of canyon.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . Surface water in the Santa Ana River
near Mentone is generally calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1
for irrigation, and meets drinking water standards for mineral content.
The water is soft and of excellent quality.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality of the water has remained
nearly uniform throughout the nine years of record.
-132-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Maxlmun of Record
Hinlnum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (microrahoa at 25°C)
Tenperature in °F
DisaolTed oxygen in part3 per million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOi^j
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
268
13.6
1?8
8.7
126
39
7.2
7b
7.2
250
63
13.5
128
6.3
206
Ui
7.2
7I4
7.8
33
11
22
3.2
10
173
26
16
2.U
0.7
0.15
30
16
1
8
1.1
39
e
1
0.2
5
23
9
15
3.2
12U
12
7.6
1.3
O.U
0.11
20
17
7
11
2.0
107
9.6
3.0
o.a
10
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodi\B
Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million
Itotal
Moncarbonflte
Turbidi^ in parts per million
195
33
118
16
< 2?
95
18
5U
150
29
93
< 25
13li
20
73
< 5
Collform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2,300
2.50
1.1)6
28.05
9.33
< 0.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
23
0.90
0.37
11.30
0.62
o.a5
0.82
0.37
1.73
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
300
200
100
U--\
^
!s,
160
120
80
lil
■^■^^
J f mitmj J « so ao
1951
S:
1952
jVH4>JJ«10MOjrM«HjJASONG J'MAHJJ ASONQ jrMAHJ JA5ON0 jrwAHJJKSOND
/
t^
..CsL.......^
1955 1956
1957
+iV^=\p=^r ^'===^---v
jPMAMJJAtOMO jV«AliJJ*SOi«0
>fH*Mjj«SONC
1959
SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR MENTONE (STA.SIb)
133
SMTA ANA RIVER NEAR ARLINGTON (STA. 51)
Sampling Point . Station 5I is located in Section 25 of Township 2
South, P?ange 6 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected at Pedley Road bridge, 1.8 miles downstream from the Union
Pacific Railroad bridge, 3*3 miles north of Arlington.
Period of Record . January 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 5I is calcium-
sodivun bicarbonate in chajracter, class 1 for irrigation, and very hard.
It meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Effluent
from the City of Riverside sewage treatment plant, which is normally
used for irrigation, is occasionally discharged to the river one-half
mile above this station.
Significant Water Quality Changes . None .
.13i|-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Maxlinum of Record
Minimum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (raicrorahoa at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
1,121
81.
13. U
157
9.0
1^3
53
1*.8
56
7.1*
1,052
80
8.7
96
8.2
833
60
5.8
69
IA_
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (50)^)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO3)
Fluoride (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
106
36
105
22
2U
339
290
203
37
0.9
0.U6
32
52
12
28
U.2
1U6
39
31
0.5
0.19
0.00
7.2
105
36
85
7
339
99
106
22
0.7
0.2U
25
85
20
67
k.U
278
91
97
12
o.u
O.Olt
20
Total dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodivin
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
830
I18
376
202
1,600
288
178
25
< 5
657
31.
363
109
100
607
29
325
55
< 5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2,U00
.9U
.33
M
.^0_
0.U5
0.09
0.00
i».9it
0.00
700
0.30
0.18
lU.UU
U.08
0.U5
0.09
0.00
U.9lt
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR ARLINGTON (STA. 51)
135
SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR NORCO (STA. 51e)
Sampling Point . Station 51e is located in Section 36 of Township 2
South, Range 7 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saraples were
collected at the summer gage just downstream from Hamner Avenue bridge
on the left bank, 5 miles north of Corona.
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Qtiality Characteristics . Surface water at Station 51e is calcium-
sodixm bicarbonate in character and very hard. It meets mineral quality
standards for domestic use. BoiX)n concentrations and specific conductance
values usually place this water in class 2 for irrigation.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Contintiing dry weather conditions in
1959 caused mineral concentrations to increase slightly at this station.
Boron concentration reached a maximum of 0.84 ppm in October, 1959 •
.136.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
IteoB
Haxlnum of Record
Hlnlnuiii of Record
Maximum - 1959
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
Dissolved oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
pH
1,250
88
10.8
117
8.6
1.39
52
2.8
31
59
1.183
82
8.5
89
8.2
1.037
52
2.8
31
I.2_
Mineral conatltnents In parta per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SO)^)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
109
33
116
10
31
359
280
137
36
1.
0.
30
53
9
30
''.3
0.0
171
i*2
18
2
0.1
0.02
13
106
21
116
8.2
0.0
359
110
137
36
0.8
0.8ii
30
96
20
88
6.7
0.0
300
105
119
11
0.7
0.21
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodivn
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million
Ttotal
Noncarbonate
Turbidity In parts per million
819
^^3
386
20U
800
29a
27
131
U
< 5
715
'•3
366
92
< 25
670
3''
322
'•5
< 5
Collforra In most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivitj in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2,li00
2.15
0.92
15.0
15. Wk
2-3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2,llO0
0.81
0.37
12.53
15. M.
6.0
0.U6
0.00
1.02
11.66
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1,300
So 1,200
3(Q 1,100
•g * 1,000
O B
u o
_"! ^
i: S 800
^■^ TOO
-r''\K'-'-^\
rii
-i^-.'-
.>j
SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR NORCO (STA 5le )
137
SANTA MA RIVER NEAR PRADO DAM (STA. 51a)
Sampling Point . Station 51a is located in Section 29 of Township 3
South, Range 7 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank at the gaging station, 2,500 feet down-
stream from Prado Dam, k miles west of Corona and 1 mile southwest of
Prado.
Period of Record . April 1951 throi:igh December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water is calcium- sodixm bicarbonate
in character, very hard, sind meets drinking water mineral quality stemd-
ards. The concentrations of total dissolved solids generally place this
water in class 2 for irrigation. Data from past analyses indicate little
change in mineral content between Station 51a and the upstream Station 51e«
Significant Water Quality Changes . None .
■138-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itoo
Maxlmura of Record
Mlnljiiuin of Record
Majdjnum - 1959
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcrornhos at 2S0C)
Temperature in °F
Dissolved oxygon In parts per million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SIO2)
1,165
82
13.U
m
e.5
378
I18
6.0
65
6.6
1,051
78
9.7
101
8. 3
971
SU
6.0
65
7.6
120
lil
inR
10.6
36
351
289
120
32
0,
0,
UO
56
38
9
25
3.
125
39
27
3.
0.
0.05
10
103
38
96
7
17
33a
113
119
32
0.
0.
ao
80
2U
80
I1.7
265
101
99
9.6
O.l
0.1
20
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodlun
Bardness as CaCO^ In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
816
1)2
ao8
211
3,600
2U3
26
1U2
28
< 5
687
37
362
97
<25
600
32
338
7U
< 5
Conform In most probable number per nllllllter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
70,000
1.22
1.08
26.98
9-99
1.3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1,300
0.71
0.18
15.21
3.35
a.5
0.b6
0.09
8.68
2.36
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
?l
■a «
1,200
«>~ 1,000
\5
Ai
Sf-'^
SANTA ANA RIVER BELOW PR ADO DAM(STA 5lo)
139
WARM CREEK AT SAN BERNARDINO (STA. 50c)
Sampling Point . Station 50c is located in Section 15 of Township 1
South, Range k West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the right bank beneath "E" Street bridge, 0.5 mile
upstream from the City of San Bernardino sewage treatment plant .
Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water is generally calcium carbonate
in character, moderately hard to very hard, class 1 for irrigation, and
meets drinking water mineral quality standards.
Significant Water Quality Changes . There has been no surface flow at
this station since June 1958 •
-lUO-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
HaxbRum of Record Minimum of Record
Maximum - 1959
Mlnlmun - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C)
TMperature In "F
Dissolved oxygen in parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
766
79
10.0
96
6.5
373
50
Z.U
38
6.8
No flow at time
SampllDg vlBita
of monthly
Mineral eonatituenta In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassivmi (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NO3)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (SiOj)
108
Ul
1.9
7.2
18
306
133
52
23
1.2
0.2
35
37
6
13
2.
129
••5
7
1.
13
Total dissolved solids In parts per ■llllon
Percent sodl\B
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per Billion
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity In parts per million
510
32
U9U
103
6,000
2U2
lU
1U6
13
Collfom In most probable number per nllllllter
RadloactiTity in mlcro-iilcro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2U,000
2.3
1.53
2M
12.3
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
Zt
800
600
uoo
0-5 200
::::'/
f-T^M
^tt;;^-^-.=-/---\'--
...I.
^K
y-
WARM CREEK NEAR SAN BERNARDINO(STA. 50c)
141
WAM CREEK AT COLTOW (STA. 50b)
Sampling Point . Station 50b is located in Section 21 of Township 1
South, Range h West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. San5)les were
taken from the right bank near the gage at "F" Street bridge, 0.25 mile
north of U. S. Highway 99j and O.^l mile east of Mr. Vernon, 1.2 miles
east of Colton, emd 0.3 mile below the City of San Bernardino sewage
treatment plant .
Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959*
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodiimi-
calcium bicarbonate in character, moderately hard, and class 1 for irri-
gation. It is excellent in mineral quality for domestic use and meets
mineral quality standards for drinking water. This station monitors the
effects of the San Bernardino sewage treatment plant effluent on the
quality of Warm Creek surface water.
Significant Water Quality Changes . There was a slight increase in mineral
content in 1959 over the previous eight years of record. Bacterial counts
ran high in 1959, with a median of 6,200 MPN/ml.
-142-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Specific conductance (aicronhos at 2S°C)
Tenperature in °T
Dl990lTed oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
Mineral constituents in parts per ■llllon
CalcluB (Ca)
Hagneslun (Ng)
Sodium (Na)
Potasaluni (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv )
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
Maxijiium of Record
1,016
87
10.2
107
8.U
HlnljBum of Record
UI16
59
0.0
0.00
6.6
1959
1,018
87
JLk.
Minimum - 19^9
877
60
_UL.
76
2U
118
21
0,
332
97
128
91.
2.
1.
50
30
"•.5
'•3
9.5
0.0
1U4
31
10.3
0.6
0.02
20
76
2U
118
16
0.0
261
96
lae
90
1.1.
0.76
50
30
■•.5
I18
13.2
0.0
lU
52
U2
U3.U
0.6
0.23
20
Total dissolved solids in parts per Billion
Percent sodixn
Hardness as Ca003 in parts per Billion
Ttotal
Noncarbonate
Tii.-bidlty in parts per million
607
57
263
91
2,000
370
27
IW.
< 5
607
52
208
32
"•5
390
U2
lU
< 5
Collfom in Host probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
>7D,000
0.51
1.''7
26.22
9-1
23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
> 70,000
0.00
0.U7
8.51
5-52
230
0.00
0.09
1.76
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
O O
C o
Id J^
B.S
1,000
800
600
ItOO
'0'\
'anil
^..UJ
%
t
-/
'-\
^
\--i
WARM CREEK NEAR COLTON (STA.SOb)
143
CHENO CREEK NEAR CHTNO (STA. 86)
Sainpliafi Point . Station 86 is located in Section 36 of Township 2 South,
Range 8 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saarples were collected
from the right bank, 20 feet upstream from Pine Avenue bridge, approxi-
mately 5 miles southeast of Chino.
Period of Record . April 1952 throxigh December 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . At Station 86, Chino Creek water is calcivmi-
sodium bicarbonate in character, class 1 to class 2 for irrigation, and
very hard. Sulfate and fluoride generally exceed the recommended stand-
ards for drinking water. The flow at this station consists mostly of
waste discharges from the City of Chino sewage treatment plant.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Fluorides in 1959 reached a new maxi-
mum for the period of record of 1.6 ppm, and boron attained a maximum of
0.72 ppm.
■ Ikk-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
I ten
HaxLnum of Record
HlnijBum of Record
Maxlraum - 1959
Mlnimun - 1959
Specific conductance (slcromhos at 25°C)
Tanperature in °F
OLssolved oxygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
PH
86
17. U
8.9
235
US
5.0
57
6.9
1,260
72
11. U
12lt
e.fc
331
61
5.0
57
7.3
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate -(NOi)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)-'
Silica (3102)
11*3
U5
126
32
38
USl
29'»
80
1.9
1,
0.
50
25
U
7
1..1
0.00
105
11
10
0.0
0.0
0.00
5
l'»3
U2
96
lU
0.00
U29
29U
56
lU.O
1.6
0.72
30
25
11
19
6.8
0.00
132
32
20
0.5
0.5
0.06
30
Total dissolved solids In parts per million
Percent sodim
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per million
91.5
39
536
182
3,500
150
13
86
< 5
9lt0
38
536
182
65
192
25
108
< 5
Collform in most probable number per Billiliter
RadioactiTity in micro-Blcro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2U,000
2-3
2ll,000
0.9U
0.0
1.02
0.0
23.00
0.0
10.5
0.0
O.ltO
0.18
U.6U
U.39
60
Station Dry
Sept. 1959
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
l.liOO
1,200
o O
8,-5
. 1,000
800
600
llOO
...
t
I'.
fV
rV"
r\
i
V
1-
\
■i
rf
1951
IM
jFli*ll4J*fO«C jF«Aaj^A90«OJ'H*HJJ*SOaC J'MAHJJASOaO
1952
1953
-\
M
\
1954
'a
1955
'7
J'MAHJ J«SOM0 jrMAMjJASOdO
1956
jrHAIIjjAIONO
1957
SI
IPHAMJJXSONO
1958
v:7
akHj jASONO
1959
CHINO CREEK NEAR CHINO (STA.86)
145
LAKE ELSINORE NEAR EISINORE (STA. 89)
Sampling Point . Station 89 is located in Section 1 of Township 6 South,
Range 5 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sacrples were collected
from the north shore of the lake at the United States Geological Suarvey
staff gage, approximately 0.5 mile south of the junction of Riverside
Drive and State Highway 71.
Period of Record . February 1952 throiigh December 1959-
Water Q\iality Characteristics . Water at this station is xmsuitable for
recognized beneficial uses.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Water samples were collected during
the first five months of 1959* During the remaining months of the year
the lake was dry. Specific conductance ranged from 19,800 to 50,125
micromhos .
-1^6.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Iten Maximum of Record Hinlnum of
Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at ZJOC) 125,000 3, '♦97
temperature In "F 92 51
msBolTed oxygen in parts par million l8.8 U.5
Percent saturation 200 52
pH 9-7 7.k
50,125 19,800
83 51.
18.8 8.1.
189 lok
8.5 8.1.
Mineral conatltaenta In parts per million
CalclOT (Ca) 55 U7 U7
Magnesium (Mg) 80 5 80 80
Sodium (Na) 77,100 675 15,000 5,300
Potassium (K) 320 I9 200 200
Carbonate (CO3) 30,600 759 I99
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 29,0Ul 256 2,360 8ao
Sulfate (SOv) 13,350 2U8 8,0l»0 8,oUo
Chloride (CI 79,000 768 15,600- 5,800
Nitrate (NOj) 96 20 20
Fluoride (K) 8.U 0.6 2.1. 2.U
Boron (B) 88.0 0.75 15 15
Silica (SIO2) UO 1.0 I I
Ttotal dissolTed solids In parts per million 213,600 2,150
Percent sodiiK 99.9 8U
Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million
Ttotal 1.1.5 50
Koncarbonate 129
Turbidity in parts per million 500 < 5
29,893 29,893
96 96
1.1.5 231*
230 100
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter '00* O.O6
RadioactiTlty In alcro-micro curies per liter . -^
mssolved alpha "■'" 0.0
Solid alpha 3-9^ 0.0
DissolTed beta 127-38 0.0
Solid beta 50.58 0.0
0.U5 0.U5
0.90 No aample
0.28 in Sept.
I..90
7.58
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1.8,000
CO ,
a
Ui 000
J
1 _J_ ^
1.0,000
I \ .[M 11. _
36,000
1 1 1 t
i
32,000 1
r
f.-r- 26,000
. .._
.J ;
i
00 -f-
a ■-'^
8 .. .
1 « 21*, 000
IS
i: ^ 20,000
"1
u —
S.3
1
16,000
i
12,000 i.
I ^ I..
i
f
8,000
IT /
Jt Jc.:'-.
,1 T
a
1>,000 A
1
\ "*" "
' i
1951
1952 (953 1954 1955 1956
1957 1958 1959
LAKE ELSINORE NEAR ELSINORE (STA 89)
147
PLATE 5
I
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
SANTA ANA REGION (NO. 8)
Station
Number Station Name
50b Warm Creek near Colton
50c Warm Creek at San Bernardino
51 Santa Ana River near Arlington
51a Santa Ana River below Prado Dam
51b Santa Ana River near Mentone
51e Santa Ana River near Norco
86 Chino Creek near Chino
59 Lake Elsinore, North Shore
PLATE 5
T Z S ,
rrr
I
KEY MAP
LEGEND
#'"■ SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION
■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE
A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SOUTHERN 61STRICT
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
SANTA ANA REGION (NO. 8)
1959
SCALE OF MILES
' ? ? f
I
LEGEND
# ' SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATIC
■ SEWASE WASTE DISCHARGE
A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE
STATE OF CAl
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SOUTHERN fliSTRICT
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
SANTA ANA REGION{NO 8)
1959
SCALE OF MILES
San Diego Region (No. 9)
The San Diego Region (No. 9) comprises the drainage area of
streams flowing to the Pacific Ocean in the 90-raile reach between the
City of Corona Del Mar and the California-Mexico border. It has an
average width of about k'^ miles and includes portions of Orange,
Riverside, and San Diego Counties. The area of the region is about 3,870
square miles, of which about 3, 3^0 are mountains and foothills while only
530 square miles are valley and mesa lands.
The principal streams of the San Diego Region are the Santa
Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, Sweetwater, Otay, and
Tia Juana Rivers, and San Juan Creek. The San Luis Rey and Santa
Margarita Rivers have the largest drainage basins wholly within the
region; the largest basin is the Tia Juana River, which is about 27 per-
cent in California and 73 percent in Mexico. The natural runoff from
these eight principal streams averages about 280,000 acre-feet per year.
Steep slopes and sparse chaparral-type vegetation, with some
conifers at the higher elevations, are characteristic features of the
drainage basins. The climate is mild but relatively arid. The local
water supply is insufficient to support the combined water demands of
the urban, industrial, and agricultural developments in the region.
Water imported through the facilities of The Metropolitan Water District
of Southern California from the Colorado River supplements the local
supply.
The seven stream basins monitored for surveillance of surface
water quality in the San Diego Region and the number of stations main-
tained on each stream (in parentheses) are shown in the following
-IU9-
San Diego Region (No. 9)
The San Diego Region (No. 9) comprises the drainage area of
streams flowing to the Pacific Ocean in the 90-raile reach between the
City of Corona Del Mar and the California-Mexico border. It has an
average width of about 45 miles and includes portions of Orange,
Riverside, and San Diego Counties. The area of the region is about 3,870
square miles, of which about 3, 3^0 are mountains and foothills while only
530 square miles are valley and mesa lands.
The principal streams of the San Diego Region are the Santa
Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, Sweetwater, Otay, and
Tia Juana Rivers, and San Juan Creek. The San Luis Rey and Santa
Margarita Rivers have the largest drainage basins wholly within the
region; the largest basin is the Tia Juana River, which is about 27 per-
cent in Calif ornia and 73 percent in Mexico. The natural runoff from
these eight principal streams averages about 280,000 acre-feet per year.
Steep slopes and sparse chaparral -type vegetation, with some
conifers at the higher elevations, are characteristic features of the
drainage basins. The climate is mild but relatively arid. The local
water supply is insufficient to support the combined water demands of
the urban, industrial, and agricultural developments in the region.
Water imported through the facilities of The Metropolitan Water District
of Southern California from the Colorado River supplements the local
supply.
The seven stj*eam basins monitored for surveillance of surface
water quality in the San Diego Region and the number of stations main-
tained on each stream (in parentheses) are shown in the following
-IU9-
tabulation:
Santa Margarita River (l) San Diego River (l)
San Luis Rey River (l) Forester Creek (l)
Escondido Creek (l) Spring Valley Creek (l)
San Dieguito River (l)
The quality of the natural streajn flows in the region is
variable, and ranges from good to very poor. At stations where flows
consist primarily of sewage wastes, the quality ranges from good to
unsatisfactory for either domestic or irrigation use. The less than
normal rainfall in the winter of 1958-59 resulted in little or no runoff
and many of the monitoring stations vrere dry for much of 1959- The
continuing drought had no significant effect on the quality of surface
waters in the region.
-150-
Santa Margarita River Basin
The Santa Margarita River is the principal stream in the
northern portion of the Ssui Diego Region. It drains a watershed area
of about jkO square miles between the San Jacinto and Palomar Mountain
ranges. About l60 square miles of the basin are valley and mesa lands;
580 square miles are mountainous.
The Santa Rosa Plateau separates the basin into an inland
unit drained by the Temecula Creek and Murrieta Creek, and a coastal
unit drained by the Santa Margarita River. Mean annual runoff from the
basin is estimated at 3^,300 acre-feet.
Precipitation in the basin varies widely from year to year
and occasional heavy winter storms cause flood damage. Rainfall rates
are significantly heavier along the coast than in inland areas.
The economy of the basin is based principally on diversified
agriculture. Most irrigation water is supplied from wells, although
supplementary supplies are available from a number of surface reservoirs
on the Santa Margarita River system. A United States Naval Reservation
is an important activity in the coastal portion of the basin.
The one station established to maintain surveillance of
surface water quality in the basin is Santa Margarita near Fallbrook.
It is discussed on page 152.
-151-
SANTA MARGARITA RIVER NEAR FALLBROOK (STA. 51c)
Sampling Point . Station 51c is located in Section 12 of Township 9
South, Range h West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank, 2 miles north of the Fallbrook Public
Utility District gage on the Santa Margarita River.
Period of Record . February 1951 through 1939'
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 51c is sodium
bicarbonate-chloride in character, very hard, and meets mineral quality
standards for drinking water. Specific conductance values place this
water in class 2 for irrigation use.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Greater than normal precipitation in
the 1957-58 rainfall season resulted in a large reduction in mineral
concentrations, which in the preceding seven years had been gradually
increasing. Dry weather in the 1958-59 season has caused a subsequent
increase of mineral content.
.152-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Its
Haxlfflum of R«cord Hlnljmn of Racord fUxlnun
1959
Hlnlniai
1959
Spaclflc conductance (itlcronhoe at 25^C)
TeHperature In °F
DLssolred oxygen In parts per nlXllon
Percent saturation
PH
87
19
231
9A
561
li.e
55
7.1
1,W»
79
12.
lie
e.2
l-lkS
55
59
7-3
Mineral constitaenta in [>art3 per itllllon
Calclim (Ca)
Kagneelum (Mg)
Sodiun (Na)
Potassiim (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
nuoride (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
113
39
22U
5.5
3''
"•95
171
U68
15
0.6
0.57
liO
5k
5
23
2.7
0.0
116
8lt
97
0.0
0.0
0.06
25
7'>
3''
19't
3
0,
'•73
106
185
0,
0.
0.
30
00
57
7*
3k
126
3.0
0.00
317
106
139
0.00
O.k
0.16
30
Total dl 3 solved solids in parts per nlllion
Percent soditM
Hardness as CaCOj In parts p«r million
Total
Noncarbonate
Inrbidity in parts per million
977
68
Ut7
9k
700
520
U2
1U2
713
53
368
78
ko
Colifom in most probable nunber per milliliter
Radioactivity In nicro-Blcro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
2k, 000
1
0.60
0.83
19.13
10.69
O.I15
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
130
.60
.28
.65
713
k5
325
_< 5
2.3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
SA*JTA MARGARITA RIVER NEAR FALLBROOK
(STA 51c )
153
San Luis Rey River Basin
The San Luis Rey River Basin occupies the north central portion
of the San Diego Region. Its drainage area is about 5^5 square miles, of
which 505 square miles are mountainous and about 60 square miles are mesa
and valley lands. It is bounded on the north by the Palomar Mountains,
and on the south by the Merriam and San Marcos Mountains. The headwaters
area of San Luis Rey River are in the mountains surrounding Lake Henshaw.
From Lake Henshaw the river flows about 50 miles in a westerly direction
to the ocean near Oceanside. The mean annual runoff of the San Luis Rey
River is estimated at 62,200 acre-feet.
Rainfall is sparse, and usually occurs only in the winter and
spring. Water rarely flows in the reach of the river from Pala to the
ocean except after extremely heavy rainstorms. In 1959 "the station at
PsLLa was dry throughout the year. Above Pala, water is diverted from San
Luis Rey River at a point 5 miles below Henshaw Dam and exported from the
basin to Lake Wohlford on Escondido Creek from where it supplies the
communities of Escondido and Vista. Lake Henshaw has never filled since
its construction in 1922; in 1959 it stored very little water. Lake
Henshaw is the only body of water aivailable for recreational use in the
river basin.
The econony of the basin is based on irrigated agriculture.
The surface water supplies are not sufficient to meet the water require-
ments in the basin. Most of the irrigation water is drawn from wells.
In 1959 a portion of the basin's water requirements downstream from Pala
was supplied by the importation of Colorado River water. There are no
-15^+-
significant waste discharges to the stream system above the sampling
station.
The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface
water quality in San Luis Rey River is San Luis Rey near Pala. It is
discussed on page I56.
■155-
SAN mis REY RIVER NEAR PALA (STA. 62)
Sampling Point . Station 62 is located in Section 36 of Township 9 South,
Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the right bank below Pala Diversion Dam and the United States
Geological Survey summer gage, 1.8 miles east of Pala.
Period of Record . March 1951 through 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is calcium-
sodium bicarbonate- sulfate in character and very hard. It Is class 1 for
irrigation and meets drinking water standards for mineral quality.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The mineral content in 1959 increased
slightly over that of 1958> but has remained nearly uniform for the nine
year period of record. There was little flow from January to June 1959
and the station was dry the remainder of the year.
.156.
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Maxljnujn of Record
Mlnlnun of Record
Maximum - ]9>9
Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C)
Temperature In °F
DlaoolTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
818
7S
10.8
109
8-?
?9f
?0
?
Ii8
7.0
697
66
10.5
106
lJi_
610
61
6.1,
Z.2-
Mineral constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potasslun (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOv)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (HO1)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (3102)
66
26
SO
5
11
?50
152
91
b.<.
0.6
0.27
?0
3li
1?
32
3.8
0.0
100
k5
20
0.0
0.1
0.0
15
62
22
50
k.6
0.0
156
152
U5
0.0
0.1
0.00
35
62
22
U2
I1.6
0.0
151
152
38
0.0
0.1
0.00
35
Total dissolTed solids in parts per alllion
Percent sodivM
Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Torbidity in parts per million
500
272
122
29
318
12
118
I16
500
30
217
121
< 5
500
27
228
100
< 5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter
RadioactiTlty in micro-micro curies par liter
DissolTed alpha
Solid alpha
DissolTed beta
Solid beta
2,llOO
l.M*
0.62
19.90
31-33
.U5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
700
0.00
0.09
0.17
2.73
lj.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
u o
P OJ
900
800
700
600
500
IjOO
300
200
100
I
mkg
'/^i::::::::::'
^\r<
.5..i
',.
I":
ft
1991
I;
1932
m
1953
1934
:::!:s
1955
r.s.:.
1956
1957
7:1
1958
1959
SAN LUIS REY RIVER NEAR PALA (STA.62)
157
Escondido Creek Basin
Escondido Creek Basin is located in the central portion of the
San Diego Region. The watershed area of 215 square miles consists of 165
square miles of mountainous terrain and about 50 square miles of valley
and foothill lands. Escondido Creek extends about 20 miles southwesterly
from Lake Wohlford to the ocean at San Eli jo Lagoon. The mean annual
jninoff of Escondido Creek is estimated to be about if, 000 acre-feet.
Lake Wohlford Reservoir stores local surface water and waters
imported from the San Luis Rey River and the Colorado River. Water from
Lake Wohlford is used for municipal purposes in the City of Escondido and
at Vista, and for irrigation in the Escondido Valley and around Vista.
The use at Vista constitutes an export. The reservoir is also used for
electric power production and recreation.
Agriculture is highly developed in the valley and foothill areas
and water for irrigation is obtained from both surface and underground
sources.
The major discharge of waste water to Escondido Creek is
effluent from the City of Escondido' s sewage treatment plant (1.0 mgd).
A granite quarry discharges cutting-waste water and mud to the stream
near Harmony Grove at various times.
The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface
water quality in Escondido Creek is Escondido Creek near Harmony Grove.
It is discussed on page 160.
-159-
ESCONDIDO CREEK NEAR HARMONY GROVE (STA. 63)
Sampling Point . Station 63 is located in Section 30 of Township 12
South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected at the Harmony Grove Road crossing at the culvert, h miles
south of Escondido.
Period of Record . March 1951 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The flow of Escondido Creek is primarily
effluent from the City of Escondido sewage treatment plant. The water is
sodium chloride- sulfate in character, very hard, class 2 for irrigation,
and generally does not meet drinking water mineral quality standards.
Boron is usually present in quantities greater than O.5 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes. None.
-loO-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Ita
Haxlnum of Record
Hlnlnim of Record
(Uxlmun - 195?
Hlnlntn - 1959
Specific conductence (mlcromhoe at 25°C)
Taaperature In °F
Dl9»olTed oxygen In parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
Mineral constituents in parte per million
Calcim (Ca)
Hagneslun (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
PoUssiw (K)
Carbonate (COi)
Bicarbonate {nOO-j)
Sulfate (SOr)
Chloride (CI)
nitrate (NOi)
nuorlde (?)
Boron (B)
Silica (SIO2)
3.012
83
22
161
JJ_
33fl
116
O.lt
a.o
6.6
1,970
Ik
10.0
100
aji-
1.668
5U
3.1i
31
89
61
30lj
18.U
31
351
33S
li50
52.1
1.2
1.68
30
17
6
38
8.5
0.0
62
Uo
k5
0.2
0.2
_J
87
39
259
17
12
299
293
312
21
0.5
0.62
_22
6li
35
217
16
0.0
235
261
236
18
O.U
0.50
_2Q
Total diseolTed solids in parts per allllon
Percent sodl\B
Hardness as CaC03 in parts p«r Billion
Total
Noncarbonate
Turbidity in parts per Billion
1,375
69
881
179
3,500
200
Ui
67
15
< 5
1,151
62
369
153
300
l,031i
58
3?0
118
< 5
Colifomi in Bost probable nunber per milliliter
RadioactlTlty In micro-micro curies per liter
QissolTed alpha
Solid alpha
UssolTed beta
SoUd beta
70,000
0.65
0.09
12.90
15. 8U
0.1(5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6,200
0.10
0.09
12.90
6.68
O.t.5
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
ESCONOIDO CREEK NEAR HARMONY GROVE
(STA 63)
161
San Dieguito Hiver Basin
The San Dieguito Klver Basin is .located in the central part of
the San Diego Region. The vratershed area of 32? square miles consists
of 29^ square miles of mountainous terrain, and about 33 square miles
of foothills and valley plain. San Dieguito River flows a distance of
about 53 miles in a southwesterly direction from the Volcan Mountains to
the ocean near Del Mar. Above its confluence with its principal tribu-
tary, Santa Maria Creek, it is named Santa Ysabel Creek. Mean annual
runoff of the basin has been estimated at J+3)800 acre feet.
Precipitation is extremely variable, and most of the stream
flow ceases soon after winter storms. Tv/o reservoirs store the greater
part of the surface flovr; Southerland Reservoir on Santa Ysabel Creek,
and Lake Hodges on San DicgulLo Hiver. In j-ecent years thcrp has been
no flow recorded in the reach between Lake Hodges and the ocean. Lake
Hodges in 1959 storeci 0''il;/ CoLo-auo ilivci- water conve;/ed by the San
Diego Aqueduct of the l-'etropolltan Wator District oP Scjutliern California
to o.'in Die-c •.Jounty Writer Authorities distr lout ion system. Southerland
;-;csei-voir aas stoi'evi ve^'y little wJ.'ter since its coiist.ruction was
C(;n;ijielccj in 19>''i . liotli reservoirs are used for llj:]lted recreational
.)i)ri;oses .
Th(! economy of i-i'ie basin is agricultural, and the valley lands
are used for cattle grazing, dry fannin,g, and irrigated orchards and
crops. The local water siipplies are insufficient for present develop-
ment and supplemental water supplies are imported from the Colorado
River.
■162-
There are no significant vmste discharges entering the stream
channels of the San Dieguito River system.
The one station established in the San Die^ito River Basin
to maintain surveillance of surface water quality is San Dieguito River
below San Pasqual Valley, It is discussed on page l6U.
-163-
SAN DIEGUrrO RIVER BELOW SAN PASQUAL VALLEY (STA. 6U)
Sampling Point . Station 6h is located in Section 1 of Township 13 South,
Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected
from the right bank, 75 yards upstream from the United States Geological
Survey gage which is 2.5 miles upstream from the Highway 395 bridge or
U.5 miles southeast of Escondido and 5 miles west of San Pasqual.
Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is predominant-
ly a sodium-chloride or sodium-bicarbonate type, with calcium, or some-
times magnesium, as the secondary cation. It is moderately hard to very
hard water, usually class 1 for irrigation use, and meets drinking water
mineral quality standards.
Significant Water Quality Changes . None .
-l6U.
WATER QUALITY
RANGES
ItoB Maxlnura of Record Mlnlaum of Record Maxljnun - 1959 | (11nljina» - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcromnos at 2S'>C) 1,235
Tnaperature In °F 95
HaaolTed oxjrgen In parts par million 10.8
Percent saturation I33
pH 8. It
192
No Flow during 1959
50
6.0
75
7.2
Mineral conatltaenta In parta per Billion
Calcl\ra (Ca) 69
Magnesium (Mg) l»7
Sodlun (Na) lllO
Potaeslian (K) 7.2
Carbonate (CO3) 17
Bicarbonate (HOO3) 349
Sulfate (SOl) I36
Chloride (Cl) I87
Nitrate (NO1) 1.8
riuorlde (F) O.6O
Boron (B) O.lU
Silica (3102) IK)
19
7
10
2.2
83
11
12
0.00
o.Uo
0.00
20
Total dlsaolTed solids in parta per wHlion 7£0
Percent sodl\a 67
Hardness as CaC03 in parta per Billion
Ttotal 367
Noncarbonate 120
Ittrbldlty In parts per million 1,750
130
38
112
15
2
Collform In most probable number par milliliter 21*, 000
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
DissolTed alpha 0.26
Solid alpha 0.00
Dissolved beta 33.72
SoUd beta 8.53
2.3
0.00
0.00
11.31
O.OQ
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
i,uoo .
1,200
i ^
1,000 1 __.
So -1
S ^ " r t' ""■
s ^ 800 1 1
1: 1
i| 600 ,._
11 i I
uoo ..L
1 \r —
200
<)
8 1 SC-^ .
7 JJ.S.
6 ,1S - -
5 + » -^
•^ 5 -|- 4- - -
Ski ■'
1 3 . I 3,1 -
T t t j| 1
• Tt't Y +
Q 2 11. 1..^..
1 -R-4-l^ t--
1
. ,, , ...1. IS.ill, \i
1 ■ 1 1f"f' 1 1"
...... \ J. J,. 1 ' 11,, J ...}..
4SONOJ«M«tlJjASONOjrilAMjJ*SONO>'ll*M>jaSO>«0J)MAMjja9ON0
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
SAN DIE6UIT0 RIVER NEAR SAN PASQUAL VALLEY
(STA 64 )
165
San Diego River Basin
The San Diego River Basin is located in the south central part
of the San Diego Region. The watershed has an area of ^39 square miles,
consisting of 393 square miles of mountainous terrain and about k2 square
miles of mesa and valley lands. The headwater area lies in the Cuyamaca
Mountains near Julian. The river system, about ^5 miles long, drains two
inland veilley basins and coastal Mission Valley before discharging into
Mission Bay, near San Diego. The mean annual runoff of the San Diego
River is estimated at '^k,600 acre-feet.
Precipitation in the basin is highly variable and occvirs prin-
cipally as rainfall in the winter and spring and infrequently as summer
storms of high intensity. Precipitation in the coastal area is somewhat
lighter than in the interior areas.
Stream flow is conserved at three principal reservoirs:
Cuyamaca, El Capitan, and San Vicente. Cuyamaca Reservoir is located in
the headwater area on Boulder Creek. El Capitan Reservoir is situated
about midway on the main stem of the San Diego River. San Vicente
Reservoir is located on San Vicente Creek, a tributary to the San Diego
River downstream from El Capitan Reservoir. There are also a number of
smaller reservoirs on the stream system. San Vicente Reservoir stores
Colorado River water imported for municipal use in the City of San Diego.
All reservoirs are open for fishing.
Economic activity in San Diego River Basin has been agricultural
but it is rapidly being urbanized. Residential, commercial, and light
industrial activities are increasing as the City of San Diego expands.
Irrigated agriciilture utilizes ground water s\jpplies primarily, supple-
mented in some areas by surface supplies of both local and imported waters.
-166-
Urban water supplies in the lov/er basin are primarily imported while
ground water supplies these needs in the upper basin. Current use of
imported water exceeds the average annual natural supply.
The major waste water discharges to the streajn channels are
effluents from sewage treatment plants. The largest waste discharge is
that of the City of El Cajon, amounting to about 2.1 ragd. Some of it is
used for irrigation of a golf course and a ball park, but the greater
part of the flow is discharged to Forester Creek, tributary to San
Diego River. Other w<aste water discharges are sewage plant effluents
from the Santee County Water District (0.7 nigd), San Diego County's
Gillespie Field (0.04 mgd) to Forester Creek, and Camp Elliot (O.ij mgd)
to 1-turphy Canyon.
Natural flows in the lower reaches of the river occur only
after heavy rainstorms. In 1959 the station at Old Mission Dam was a
ix3nd during most of the year. Forester Creek flows consisted almost
entirely of sewage.
The two stations established to maintain surveillance of
surface water quality in the San Diego River Basin are:
Page Lumber of
Monitoring Station Station Discussion
San Diego River
at Old Mission Dam 168
Forester Creek
at Mission Gorge Road I70
-i6t-
SAN DIEGO RIVER AT OLD MISSION DAM (STA. 65)
Sampling Point . Station 65 is located in Section 25 of Township 15
South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the left bank just below Old Mission Dam, 3 miles west of
Santee .
Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is character-
ized as a sodium chloride -sulfate type, and exceeds the recommended
limits for mineral constituents in drinking water. Chloride concentra-
tions have generally placed this water in class 2 or class 3 for irriga-
tion use throughout the period of record. Boron content often exceeds
0. 5 ppm.
Significant Water Quality Changes . The water at Station 65 was ponded
above and below the dam most of the year of 1959- The water quality
remained essentially the same as that of 1958, but continued to indicate
a general degradation over the eight years of record. Manganese was
reported high in May 1959 (0.6 ppm) .
-168-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item
Maxljnum of Record
HlnliBum of Record
Majdjiiuiii - 1959
Mlnlmun - 1959
Specific conductance (raicromhoa at 25°C)
Teaperature In °F
Dl98olTed ojygen In parts per million
Percent saturation
pH
h,n«8
87
27
351i
9.0
360
18
2.8
27
6.6
?,hOO
8L
16.0
182
8.5
2,01?
58
2.8
27
7.l>
Mineral constituents in parts per Billion
Calciun (Ca)
Magnesium (Hg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (COj)
Bicarbonate (HOO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOj)
Fluoride (?)
Boron (8)
Silica (SiOj)
156
120
U92
lli
26
683
311.
1,060
li5
7.3
0.66
50
16
7
a2
2.7
57
lU
51*
0.06
5
103
60
332
Ih
35I4
253
1j90
5
0.7
0,65
20
99
50
278
13
22?
25?
38";
6.6
0.5
IS
Total dissolved solids in parts per Billion
Percent sodiia
Hardness as CaCOj In parta per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Tiirbidily in parts per million
2,779
^9
983
610
2,000
2U1
1*3
70
?3
< 5
1,U39
59
U96
313
liOO
1,388
56
U51
171
< 5
Coliform in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
700
0.81
1-35
13.58
15.23
700
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.1i9
0.28
5.00
6-112
13
0.20
0.16
l.?8
2.1Q
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1,?00
" 1,000
a
^ 800
•S 600
I Uoo
200
5,000
z:'V
'i
,::::
SAN DIEGO RIVER AT MISSION DAM (STA. 65)
169
FORESTER CREEK AT MISSION GORGE ROAD (STA. 65a)
Sampling Point . Station 65a is located in Section 28 of Township 15
South, Range 1 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected from the center of the stream just upstream from Mission Gorge
Road.
Period of Record . March 195^ through 1959.
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 65a is sodium
chloride -sulfate in character, class 2 for irrigation, and very hard. It
does not meet drinking water standards for mineral constituents.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Bacterial counts were high in 1959^
reaching a maximum of 62,000 MPN/ml.
-170-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Item
HaxUnum of Record
Mlninun of Record
MajdjnuM - 1959
Mlnloiun
1959
Specific conductance (mlcronhoa at 2S°C)
Temperature in °F
Dissolved oxygen in parts par million
Percent saturation
PH
2,381
8lt
15.0
179
8.1
1,531
57
0.0
0.0
6.8
2,100
81.
ll».0
159
8j^
1,71*2
67
0.00
0.00
7.3
Mineral constltaenta in parta per million
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Carbonate (CO3)
Bicarbonate (MCO3)
Sulfate (SOl)
Chloride (CI)
Nitrate (NOi)
Fluoride (F)
Boron (B)
Silica (Si02)
101
65
320
22
0.00
1.59
337
U82
129
1.0
1.08
25
52
3lt
180
15
0.00
110
123
251
0.00
o.u
0.2l»
5
85
UO
253
18
0.00
U59
255
329
0.00
0.7
0.82
20
69
20lt
16
0.00
305
255
262
0.00
O.U
O.U5
20
Ibtal dissolved solids in parts per million
Percent sodlva
Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million
Total
Noncarbonate
Itorbidity in parts per million
1,510
63
U51
278
uoo
929
'►9
210
< 5
1,193
63
376
97
UO
1,050
U9
310
< ?
Collfonn in most probable number per milliliter
Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
62,000
1*5
62,000
o.uo
o.u?
18.50
15.1*5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.1*0
0.1*7
3.39
9.18
230
0.00
0.00
2.10
2.21*
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
500
liOO
300
200
100
--1- T
y i
f5 ,>
:
' ' ' >'■' ^ ,-. /'•
T " 1
>..'' ^
o o
CO
■i
, 2
3,000
2,000
1,000
'■sv::::z/:S
1951
1952
1953
jFMAMjjASONQjFMAHJJASONOjFMkUJJASOMCJrMAtlJJASONOjFMAMJJASONOJrMAUjJASONOjFMAItJjAtOltO
1954
1955
1956
1957
'AX)
1958
SiZ
PMAHJJASONC jrMAHjJASONC
1959
FORESTER CREEK AT MISSION GORGE ROAD
(STA. 65a)
17!
Sveetvater River Basin
Sweetwater River Basin is located in the southern portion of
the San Diego Region. The drainage area consists of about l80 square
miles of mountainous terrain. The source of the Sweetwater River is the
western slopes of the Cuyaraaca and Laguna Mountains, from which the river
flows southwesterly 57 miles to San Diego Bay, near National City. The
mean annual runoff is estimated to be about 17,700 acre-feet.
Sweetwater Reservoir, near La Pressa, and Loveland Lake
Reservoir, upstream near Alpine, conserve most of the surface water flow.
Imported Colorado River water is also stored in Sweetwater Reservoir.
Surface water supplies are used for irrigation, municipal, and
industrial purposes. The lower Sweetwater River Basin is rapidly chang-
ing from agriculture to an urban complex.
The only waste water discharge to the stream system of signifi-
cant magnitude is effluent from the Spring Valley sewage treatment plant
(0.7 ragd). The waste is discharged to Spring Valley Creek, tributary to
Sweetwater River below Sweetwater Dam.
The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface
water quality on the Sweetwater River system is Spring Valley Creek near
La Pressa. It is discussed on page 17'+.
■173-
SPRING VALLEY CREEK NEAR LA PRESSA (STA. 65b)
Sampling Point . Station 65b is located in Section 1? of Township 17
South, Range 1 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were
collected downstream from the Spring Valley Sewage Treatment Plant near
La Pressa.
Period of Record . March 1958 through 1959-
Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium
chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for recog-
nized beneficial uses.
Significant Water Quality Changes . Although the quality of the water
was very poor in 1959? it showed a slight improvement over that of 1958'
The specific conductance values varied from 1,112 to ^,^8^4- micromhos and
total dissolved solids ranged from 2, OlU to 3>036 ppm in 1959«
■Ilk-
WATER QUALITY
RANGES
Itam MaxUnum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959
Specific conductance (mlcrorahos at 250C) 5,058
IBmperature In °F Bh
nissolvod oxygen In parts per million 17-0
Percent saturation 210
pH 8A
3,172 U,i^ 3,172
59 81. 62
7.6 11.0 7.6
80 135 90
7.6 8.2 7.6
Mineral constituents in parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 215
Magnoslv.r, (Mg) lllO
Sodium (Na) 68U
Potassium (Kl I3
Carbonate (CO3) 0.00
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 14,9
Sulfate (SOl) 1^5
Chloride (CI) 1,260
Nitrate (NO3) 61,5
Fluoride (F) 1.0
Boron (B) 0.75
Silica (SIO2) 30
121 206 121
78 105 78
1*26 612 1.26
3.0 13 1.0
0.00 0.00 0.00
320 1.29 320
350 U27 350
673 1,060 673
26 1.8 26
O.U 0.6 0.5
0.52 0.75 O.^k
10 30 30
Total dissolved solids In parts per million 3>260
Percent sodloi 59
Hirdness as CaCOi In parts per million
Total 1,108
Noncarbonate T^tO
Turbidity in parts per million 30
2,011. 3,036 2,0lU
56 59 57
625 966 625
355 651. 355
< 5 30 < 5
Collf orm in most probable number per milliliter TOO
Radioactivity In micro-micro curies par liter
Dissolved alpha O.5I
Solid alpha O.SU
Dissolved beta 6. 71
Solid beta 1*-15
23 700 23
0.17 0.51 0.17
0.09 0.09 0.09
0.25 3-27 0.25
0.00 0.67 0.00
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
T I
1 . _ ._
2,000
T r 1-
T \
» 1.000 J-
::-;: :;:::^;::::
u
^s-
•5
5,000 _ -. _ -- --
i
->./ T
l*,000 _.
_ _ i \
0^
3.-J4-
CO "•" -
o*^ 3,000 --
t
3 4J
C *
CB ' ~~- ----
" 2
■§ 2,000
-0 ,
3 +
1,000 -- -r - -
<- ■» _ _
2
""" 1 ""
J 1 ^
f >
i\ 4
5
". "' .n "■
ASONDjFH*lljjASONOjra*Mjj«SOMI)jPIIAIIjjaSON0jrM«MjJ*9ON0
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
SPRING VALLEY CREEK NEAR LA PRESSA
{STA.65b)
175
Tia Juana River Basin
The Tia Juana River Basin is located both in Mexico and the
United States. The portion in the United States is adjacent to the
southern boundary of the San Diego Region. The total watershed area is
about 1,6^5 square miles of which only about 510 square miles are in the
United States. The major portion of the area in the United States is the
Cottonwood Creek drainage vAiich originates in the Laguna Mountains and
flows westerly and southerly into Mexico to join the Tia Juana River.
The Tia Juana River then flows back into the United States and discharges
into the ocean about one-quarter of a mile north of the International
Boundary.
The mean annual runoff of Cottonwood Creek at the International
Boundary is estimated to be about 39^000 acre-feet. The mean annual flow
of the Tia Juana River at the International Boundary including flow from
both countries is estimated to be about 90,000 acre-feet. The flow of
Cottonwood Creek is essentially developed by Morena and Barrett Dams in
the United States. The flow of the major portion of the Tia Juana River
watershed in Mexico is regulated by Rodriguez Reservoir. Surface W9.ter
flow in the Tia Juana River in California is rare and only occurs after
heavy rains.
The development in the Cottonwood Creek drainage area consists
of sparsely settled ranches and some recreational areas. The Tia Juana
River Valley in California is primarily agricultural with urban encroach-
ment occurring. Water for irrigation is developed by wells.
The one station established for surveillance of surface water
quality in the Tia Juana River Basin is Tia Juana River at International
Boundary. It is discussed on page IT^.
-177-
TIA .WiKlk 1>T:1^' ■VKKV.kTlO^'iAL .^OfJiCDAHY (STA. 66)
.■■larro:i.iv:>;; Poi ■'. . 3t;;.t. 'on 66 i.^ located in Section 1 of Township 19 oOiit.h,
15p-vif:c 2 West, Sht; He--r:-:riLr.o '"■z^sg .-ind Meridian. 3o-!ples were collected
arori tiiC rif-ht bank - ' • '■ lirornia yaUer and Telephone Company ija~c,
2.5 T?.iler> upstream irar) Hestor Brid.^e.
Perlon of Recor-rl . April 19D1 throuf-h 1959.
Water Quality Characteristic n . The vater at i.i:is otaLion is snciiiuri
chloride-bicarbonate in or.araci.er- Mineral quality varies with the
hi.E:hly variable quantities of flow, ranging fror. excellent, to unsuitable
for recognized beneficial uses.
Significant Water Quali'cy Changes . This station was dry at a^ 1 tinrs
visited in 1959-
-178-
WATER QUALITY RANGES
Itm MaxUnum of Record Mlnlmm of Record] Maxljiiam - 1959 MlnloHm - 1959
jpjelflc conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C) 3,076
{■perature In °? 95
BtaolTed oxygen In parts per million 21.0
Percent saturation Zkk
* 8.7
* ' station Dry wit 1 no flow
,7 at the times of the I959
■" Bl -monthly vial ;■
k.O
39
7.V
Haval constituents In parts per million
Calcium (Ca) 131
lignesiuffl (Hg) 62
Sodium (Na) 350
FOtassiun (K) 13-2
Cwlionate (CO3) 36
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 627
Sulfate (SOj^) IT*
Chloride (CI) 6I13
1 Ktrate (NO3) 6A
Fluoride (F) 0.8
•iron (B) 0.U6
Silica (Si02) 21
26
10
67
3.3
0.00
103
'•3
75
0.5
o.k
0.00
20
Mil dissolved solids in parts per million 1,625
taeent sodiua 6"*
lariness as CaCOj in parts per million
Tbtal 57"*
loncarbonate 292
Urtiditisr in parts per miUion 5,000
338
55
102
17
10
JoUfora in most probable nunber per milliliter 700,000
Hidloactlvlty in micro-micro curies per liter
Dissolved alpha 0.21
SoUd alpha 0.00
Dissolved beta 0.00
Solid beta 10.52
1^5
0.21
0.00
0.00
10.52
WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS
1,000 L J.
S 800^.... ,
1 1
- 600^ ,.l....^.A 'i.A ...(L...
2 i.00. ' ..I
i aoo 1 ._.
_
i 3 '
S CJ 3.000 . . . -L
T '
r- Jii ...y.L ::T.
1 j
3 ^ ---!-.- ,
1: 2,000 1 1 .(:... 1 :....
i
' '
oB . ._._ i__ ... __
eg y
- i! 1,000 :
&3
w
: ::::.::::::::^::::::::?::::,::::::::::::::::4
±__.__. . 1
Ifi
1. 1 1 ,
12 4.
^ ^-^1^ +
!■-'.
T
-r 10 -J--4.
[ 1 + ° +8
Z ^ IT
w 8.1 ]. 1
1 6^ , I I
1
° 2 Q.B
1 !
1 , : .:. ..1
.1...
1951 1952 1953 1954 195
5 1956 1957 1958 1959
TIA JUANA RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY
(STA.66)
179
KEY MAP
Station
Number
51c
Sa
62
Sa
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Ti
LEGEND
0^*° SUnWCE WATER MONFTOHING STATION
■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE
A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAM
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
SAN DIEGO REGION (NO. 9)
1959
SCALE OF MILES
33-00 —
32'«5 —
JJ'50 —
station
Wumber
51c
62
63
6h
65
65a
65b
66
STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS
SAH DIEGO REGION (NO. 9)
Station Name
Santa Margarita River near FaULbrook
San Luis Rey River near Pala
Escondido Creek at Harmony Grove
San Dieguito River near San Pasqual
Valley
San Diego River at Old Mission Dam
Forerter Creek at Mission Gorge Road
Spring Valley Creek near La Pressa
Tia Juan a River at International
Boundary
APPENDIX A
r-llTHODS, PROCEDURES, AND CRITERIA
APPEtroiX A
t/ETHODS, PROCEDURES, AW CRITERIA
TABLE OF COLfrENTS
APPENDIX A
Page
Field Methods and Procedures A- 2
Laboratory Methods and Procedures A- 3
Water Quality Criteria A- 6
Criteria for Drinking Water A- 6
Criteria for Irrigation Water A-10
Criteria for Industrial Water A-10
Criteria for Fish and Aquatic Life A-11
TABLES
Table No. Page
A-1 Types of Analysis A- 4
A-2 Limiting Concentrations of Mineral
Constituents in Drinking Water A- 7
A- 3 Hardness Classification of Waters
U. S. Geological Survey A- 9
A-k Qualitative Classification oi'
Irrigation Waters A-11
A- 5 Water Quality Tolerance for
Industrial Uses A-12
A-1
Field Methods and Procedures
Agencies which participated in the field sampling program dur-
ing 1959 together with the number of stations sampled by each agency are:
Number of
stations
Agency sampled
Department of Water Resources 47
The Metropolitan Vfeter District of
Southern California 2
Los Angeles City Health Department 1
Los Angeles Department of Water
and Power 1
Long Beach City Health Department 1
City of San Bernardino _2
Total 54
Water samples are collected in May and Septeniber for mineral,
radiological, bacteriological, and heavy metals analyses. In the north-
em portion of the Southern District water samples are collected monthly,
and in the southern portion bimonthly for partial mineral and bacterio-
logical analyses. Colorado River stations are sampled only twice a year.
Cooperating agencies supply analyses of water samples collected monthly
at five program stations. The water samples collected for bacteriological
examination are kept in portable ice boxes until delivered to the labora-
tory. All water samples are transported to the laboratories as expedi-
tiously as possible.
At the time the samples are collected for laboratory examination
field determinations are made for dissolved oxygen (DO), by the modified
Winkler method; water temperature; and pH. Visual inspection is made of
the stream or lake and the physical conditions are noted.
A- 2
V/here possible, the sampling stations have been selected so
as to be at or near stream gaging stations so that gage heights can
also be recorded at the time the water samples are collected. Instanta-
neous stream discharges at the time of sample collection are then
obtained.
Laboratory Methods and Procedures
Methods of mineral and bacterial analysis, in general, are
those described in the American Public ileeilth Association publication
"Standard Methods for the Eixamination of Water and Sewage," 10th Edition,
1955 • In some cases, the methods described in the following publica-
tions also have been employed:
U. S. Geological Survey, "Methods of V/ater Analysis," 1950.
California Department of Public 'Jorks, Division of V/ater
Resovirces, "Methods of Analysis," October 1955*
Tfeible A-1 indicates the constituents analyzed for in the
various types of analysis performed in connection \-ri. th this program.
A-3
"HAEU: A-1
TYPES OF ANALYSIS
Constituent
: Standard :
: mineral :
Partial
mineral
Bacterial j j'adiological
Specific Conductance
pH^
Total dissolved solids
Percent Sodium
Hardness
Turbidity
Coliform
Temperature^
Dissolved oxygen^
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium
CsLrtionate
Bicarbonate
SiLLfate
Cliloride
Nitrate
Fluoride
Boron
Silica
Phosphate
Zinc^
Iron*^
Copper"-^
Aluminum^
Manganese'^
Arsenic'^
Hexavalent chromium^
Dissolved alpha
Solid alpha
Dissolved beta
Solid beta
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
a pH is determined both in the field and in the laboratory.
b Field determination.
c These constituents are normally designated as heavy metals.
A-k
The methods and procedxzres of sample preparation and determina-
tion of radioactivity in surface waters are as follows:
I. Sample Preparation
A. On receipt in the laboratory, each sample is well, mixed,
and two 250-ml portions taken. Each is acidified with a
few drops of glacial acetic acid, and two drops of colloidal
graphite suspension (Aquadag) added.
B. Each portion is filtered under suction through a membrane
("Millipore") filter, which retains suspended particles
of approximately 0.2 microns diameter and larger. Filters
are treated with an ajitistatic preparation (Merix Anti-
Static No. 79-OL) to eliminate any extraneous electrostatic
charge.
C. The filtrate is placed in a 250-ml volumetric flask, inverted,
and the mouth placed in a 1-3/^" x l/h" aluminum culture dish
in a "chicken-feeder" type arrangement. The flask is support-
ed by a ring stand; the dish rests on a hotplate adjusted so
that the sample is taken to dryness at a temperature well
below boiling.
D. At this point, there are duplicate samples of both suspended
solids and dissolved material from each original water sample
ready for determination of radioactive content.
II. Determination of Radioactivity
A. Two determinations are made on each sample, one for gross
beta, one for gross alpha radioactivity. This represents
a total of eight determinations for each original sample.
B. Beta activity is determined with an internal gas flow
counter operating in the proportional region, using argon-
methane mixture as a flow gas. Background determinations
are made before the first sample count each day, and then
after each two sample coimts thro\aghout the day. Deter-
minations of counter efficiency are made with a reference
standard (thallium - 20U) at least twice daily. Each
determination of sample and background count rate is made
for a total of 1,000 counts.
C. Alpha activity is determined with a scintillation counter
utilizing an activated zinc sulfide phosphor. Sample,
background and efficiency measurements are made in the
same manner as are the beta measurements . Uranium 238
is used as an alpha reference standard. Each determina-
tion of sample and backgroimd count rate is made for a
preset time of 32 minutes.
A-5
III. Calculations
A. Resijlts are expressed as micro-micro curies per liter
(uuc/l). One micro-micro curie is equivalent to 2,22
disintegrations per minute. Four vaJLues are reported
for each sample :
(a) beta activity in the solids retained on the filter,
(b) beta activity in the filtrate (dissolved material),
(c) alpha activity in tne solids, and (d) alpha activity
in the filtrate.
E. Sample counts are corrected for background and geometric
efficiency.
C. Standard statistical procedures are utilized to compute
the 0.9 error. The final result is expressed (symbolically)
as X + y uuc/l. This means that in a series of determina-
tions on the same sample, the value of x should fall
between x - y and x + y, 90io of tne time.
Water Quality Criteria
Criteria used by the Department of Water Resources in the
evaluation of the acceptability of water for the most common beneficial
uses £tre described hereinafter. In general, the values presented herein
shoiild be considered only as guides to judgment, and not as absolute
limiting standards.
Criteria for Drinking Water
Chapter 7 of the California Health and Safety Code contains
laws and standards relating to domestic water supply. Section ^10.5
of this code refers to the drinking water standards promxilgated by the
United States Public Health Service for water used on interstate carriers.
These criteria have been adopted by the State of California. They are
set forth in detail in United States Public Health Report, Volume 61,
No. 11, March I5, 1946, reissued in March 195^.
A-6
According to Section k.2 of the above-named report, chemiceLL
substances in drinking water, either natviral or treated, should not
exceed the concentrations shovrn in Table A-2,
TABLE A-2
LIMITIiNG CONCEIWRATIOWS OF MINiiiRAL
CONSTITUEIttS IN DRIMING WATER
United States Public Health Seorvice
Drinking Water Standards, 1946
»
Constituent
Mandatory
Fluoride (f)
Lead (Pb)
Selenium (Se) ^
Hexavalent chromium (Cr )
Arsenic (As)
Parts per
million
1.5
0.1
0.05
0.05
0.05
Nonraandatory but Recommended Values
Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) together
Magnesium (Mg)
Chloride (Cl)
Sulfate (SOj^)
Copper (Cu)
Zinc (Zn)
Phenolic compounds in terms of phenol
Total solids - desirable
- permitted
0.3
125
250
250
3.0
15
0.001
500
1,000
Interim standards for certain mineral constituents have
recently been adopted by the California State Board of Public Health,
Based on these standards, temporary permits may be issued for drinking
water failing to meet the United States Public Health Sein/-ice Drinking
Vfeter Standards, provided the mineral constituents in the following
tabulation are not exceeded.
A-7
UPPER LIMITS OF TOTAL SOLIDS MD SELECTED MINERAIfi IN
DRINKING WATER AS DELIVERED TO THE CONSUMER
Permit Temporary Permit
Total solids 500 (lOOO)* I5OO ppm
Siili'ates (SOi^) 25O (500)* 60O ppm
Chlorides (Cl) 250 (5OO)* 600 ppm
Magnesium (Mg) 125 (l25)^ 150 ppm
*N\ffiibers in parentheses are maximum permissible,
to be used only where no other more suitable
waters are available in sufficient quantity for
use in the system.
The California State Board of Health recently has defined the
maximum safe amounts of fluoride ion in drinking water in relation to
mean annual temperature.
Mean annual Mean monthly maximum
temperature fluoride ion concentration
in °F in ppm
50 1.5
60 1.0
TO - above O.T
The relationship of infant methomoglobinemia (a reduction of
oxygen content in the blood, constituting a form of asphyxia) to nitrates
in the water supply has led to limitation of nitrates in drinking water.
The California State Department of Public Health has recommended a
tentative limit of 10 ppm nitrogen {kh ppm nitrates) for domestic waters.
Water containing higher concentrations of nitrates may be considered to
be of questionable quality for domestic and municipal use.
Limits may be established for other organic mineral substances
if their presence in water renders it hazardous, in the judgment of state
or local health authorities.
A-8
An additional factor vrith which water lisers are concerned is
hardness, riardness ic due principally to calcium and magnesimn salts
and is generally evidenced by inability to develop suds when using soap.
The United States Geological Survey has suggested the following fo\ir
degrees of hardness:
TABLE A-3
HARDNESS CLASSIFICATION OF WATERS
U, 3. GEOLOGICAL SURVFi
Range of hardness : Relative
in parts per m" "1 1 ion ; classification
0-55 Soft
56 - 100 Slightly hard
101 - 200 Moderately hard
Greater than 200 Very hard
According to the International Commission on EadiologicaJ.
Protection ^ tentatively concurred in by the National Committee on
Radiation Protection , if the Radium - 226 and Radium - 228 activity in
water is substantially less than 10 uuc/l, the maximum permissible con-
centration of otherwise unidentified radionuclides in water for individ-
\ials in the population at large may be considered to be 100 uuc/l.
For the purpose of the environmental survey of surface water
made for this report, it has been assumed that the total dissolved and
solid alpha activity is derived from Ra and Ra ,
1 Report on Decisions of the 1959 Meeting of the International Committee
on Radiological Protection (ICRP)". Radiology , Vol, ^h, No, 1, January
i960, pp, 116-119,
2 Somatic Radiation Dose for the General Pop\ilation, Ad Hoc Committee of
the IJational Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements,
Science , Vol. I3I, No. 3399, February I9, I96O, pp, kQ2-k36,
A-9
During the 1959 reporting year, the highest alpha activity
observed in monitored surface waters was 1.86 uuc/l. Consequently, it
is believed that the maximum permissible concentration of 100 uuc/l, as
recommended by the I.C.R.P., was met by all stations sampled in the
Surface Water Monitoring Program during 1959*
Criteria for Irrigation VJater
Because of the diverse climatological conditions, crops, soils,
and irrigation practices in California, criteria which may be set up to
evaluate the suitability of water for irrigation use must necessarily be
of a general nature, and judgment must be used in their application to
individual cases. Suggested limiting values for total dissolved solids,
chloride concentration, percent sodium and boron concentration for three
general classes of irrigation water are shown in Table A-^i-.
Criteria for Industrial Water
The water quality criteria for the diversified uses of water in
industry range from the exacting requirements for make-up water for high
pressure boilers to the minimum requirements for water washdown and
metallurgical processing.
Because of the large number of industrial uses of water and
widely varied quality requirements, it is practicable to suggest only very
broad criteria of quality. These variable conditions make it desirable
to consider water quality requirements in broad and general terms only,
and, where possible, for groups of related industries rather than indi-
vidually. The general quality requirements of several individual and
major groups of water uses are listed in Table A-5.
A-10
TABLE k-h
QUALITATIVE CLASSIFICATION 01^ IRRIGATION WATERS
Class 1
Class 2
CI a.
Chemical properties
Exceller.-L
to [•,oodL
(Suitable for
:most plants un-
der any condi-
tions of coil
and cliinatc)
Good to
injurious
;( Possibly harrn-
ful for some
crops under
certain soil
conditions)
ss
: Injurious to
: unsatisfactory
: (Harmful to
: most crops and
: ui:sati5factory
:for all but the
: mosL tolerant)
Total dissolved solids
In ppm Less than 700 700
In conductance, EC x 10^ Less than 1,000 1,000
Chloride ion concentration
2,000 More than 2,000
3,000 More than 3,000
In milliequivalents
per liter
In ppm
Sodium in percent of
"base constituents
Boron in ppm
Less than 5
Less than 175
Less than 60
Less than 0.5
5-10 More than 10
175 - 350 More than 350
60 - 75 More than 75
0.5 - 2.0 More than 2.0
The values shown in this table are those suggested in the Progress Report
of the Committee on Quality of Tolerance of Water for Industrial Uses in
the Journal of the Nev England V/ater Works Association, Volume '^k, lohO.
Criteria for Fish and Aquatic Life
V7ater of suitable quality and quantity is a fundamental require-
ment for the existence of an abundant supply of fish and aquatic life.
It is very important that water quality conditions be such as to maintain
an abundant supply of food required by fish and other desirable forms of
aquatic life. Streams utilized for the propagation of fish and aquatic
life should be free of toxic or harmful concentrations of mineral and
A-11
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A-12
organic substances and excessive t\a:bidity, Ebctensive field and lab-
oratory studies conducted by the United States Fish and V/ildlife Service
show that, among other things, the water in streams supporting a mixed
fauna of fresh water fish such as bluegill, bass, crappie and catfish
should have the following properties :
(a) Dissolved oxygen not less than 5 Ppm (at least 6 ppm for
Salmonids ) ,
(b) pii range bet^reen 6.5 and 8.5,
(c) lonizable salts, as indicated by conductivity, between
150 and 500 nicromhos at 25° Centigrade, and in general
not exceeding 1,000 micromhos,
(d) Ammonia not exceeding I.5 ppm.
Mineral salts of high toxicity to fish are those of silver,
mercury, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel, trivalent and hexavalent
chromiiim, and others. Some pairs of toxicants, such as copper and zinc
(also copper and cadmium, nickel and zinc) are far more toxic when com-
bined than when they occior individually. Other toxic substances, when
combined neutralize each other through antagonism or chemical reaction
(e.g., free cyanide combines with toxic heavy metal cations, such as
nickel and copper ions, to form relatively harmless metal locyanide
complexes ) ,
The increasing use of household and industrial detergents, as
well as the expansion in the manufacture and use of agriculture insect-
icides, poses serious hazards to fish and aqxiatic life. Preliminary
studies, for example, indicate that one of the most common household
detergents is lethal to relatively haxdy fish at very low concentrations.
This detergent was lethal to fish in fresh water at concentrations below
A-13
0.1 ppm and belov O.OO5 ppm in salt water. The increar,e in toxicity
in salt water can probably be attributed to the fact that marine fishes
must ingest water to naintain their osmotic balance.
Development and use of water resources, including the constrac-
tion of dams for storafre of v/ater, frequently affects water temperatures
which in turn affect fish and other aquatic life. Optimiira v/ater tempera-
tures for coif! water fish, such ar. trout and salmon, normally lie between
32° and 65° P'b.hrenheit. 'Die cold vra.ter species are generally intolercmt
of tenpci-a'Gures above 75° Fahrenheit and vail seek the lower temperature
where possible. Waiin v/ater fish such as r.rinnov;s, carp, catfish, perch,
sunfish, and bans nornially live in Vvfatcr having temperatures rangin^^
from near 3''^° i-o 06° PVihrcnheit. Acclimatization enables certain warm
vrater species to live in waters having temperatures as high as 90"
Fahrenheit, althou{^h they will migrate, where possible, to waters below
86° Fahrenheit.
A-llt
APPENDIX B
BASIC DATA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPENDIX B
Table No. Page
Mneral Analyses
B-1 Central Coastal Refjlon (No. 3) B- 3
B-2 Los Angeles Region (No. U) B-11
B-3 Lahontan Region (No. 6) B-27
B-U Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) B-29
B-5 Santa Ana Region (No. 8) B-ij?
B-6 San Diego Region (No. 9) B-57
Radiological Assay
B-7 Central Coastal Region (Ho. 3) B-65
B-8 Los Angeles Region (No. ^0 B-67
B-9 Lahontan Region (No. 6) B-75
B-10 Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) B-77
B-11 Santa Ana Region (No. 8) B-88
B-12 San Diego Region (No. 9) B-89
B-1
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B-68
TABLE B-8
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k)
Analyses Received from the Sanitary Engineering
Division, Department of Water and Power of the
City of Los Angeles
Source and sampling point :
Date sampled
: Micro-micro curies/liter
: Beta-Gama count
1959
Los Angeles Aqueduct
Upper Van Norman Inlet
Station 70
1- 6
1-12
1.02
17.7
+
+
h.7
1-23
8.2
+
k.6
2- 2
11.3
+
4.5
2-18
7.0
+
9.2
3-18
25.8
+
k.o
4-15
8.7
+
3.5
5-19
10.5
+
3.3
6-17
6.6
+
3.2
7-17
6.4
+
3.2
8-18
4.9
+
3.1
9-17
6.6
+
3.1
10-12
11.2
+
3.4
11-23
5.5
+
3.4
12-lU
9.0
+
3.4
B-69
TABLE B-8
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Source and sampling point
Date
sampled
Date of
analysis
Gross Alpha
uuc/l.-^
Gross Beta
uuc/l.*
Colorado River at La Verne
Influent F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration
Plant
Sept.
1952
10-13-52
6.9+0.7
10.4+3.4
(Colorado River Aqueduct
at La Verne, St a. 69)
Oct.
Nov.
1952
1952
11-19-52
12-20-52
6.4
7.8+2.1
9.6+4.2
Jan.
1953
2-13-53
6.3
6.3+2.7
Feb.
1953
^- 7-53
3.3
12.3+2.8
Mar.
1953
4-27-53
6.8
7.^2.3
Apr.
1953
6-12-53
6.3
8.6
May
1953
6-19-53
5.0
9.8
J\ine
1953
7-15-53
4.6
4.8
July
1953
8-22-53
4.6
10.0
Aug.
1953
10- 5-53
4.7
13.8
Sept.
1953
10-11^-53
4.1
8.0
Oct.
1953
11-25-53
5.8
11.9
Nov.
1953
12-15-53
^.7
7.3
Dec.
1953
1-23-5^
6.1
5.J+
Jan.
195^
2-18-54
5.2
7.7
Feb.
195^
3-29-5^
5.3
10.6
Mar.
195^^
4_io-5ii
5.5
12.0
Apr.
195^
5-13-5^
6.4
11.5
B-70
TABLE B-8
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc/l.*
uuc/l.'><-
Colorado River at La Verne
Influent F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration
Plant
May
195^^
6-16-54
5.0
9.3
(continued)
June
195^
7- 9-5^+
6.2
11.2
(Colorado River Aqueduct
at La Verne, Sta. 69)
July
195^+
8-26-54
4.1
10.4
(continued)
Aug.
195^
9-28-54
4.0
19.7
Sept.
195^
11-15-54
4.4
17.4
Oct.
195^
11-20-54
3.9
7.2
Nov.
19 5i^
1-14-55
5.1
16.7
Dec.
195^
1-19-55
4.1
9.8
Jaji.
1955
2-25-55
2.4
10.1
Feb.
1955
4- 1-55
5.4
5.4
Mar.
1955
4- 7-55
5.0
22.8
Apr.
1955
5-10-55
2.6
6.0
May
1955
6-10-55
2.7
13.9
June
1955
7- 3-55
4.4
15.8
July
1955
8- 9-55
2.4
18.6
Aug.
1955
9-12-55
3.9
9.7
Sept.
1955
10-23-55
2.7
10.7
Oct.
1955
11-15-55
5.5
15.3
Nov.
1955
12-20-55
3.7
10.5
B-71
TABLE B-8
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. h)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc/l.*
uuc/l."
Colorado River at La Verne
Influent F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration
Plant
Dec.
1955
1-31-56
5.0
12. U
(continued)
Jan.
1956
2-li)-56
5.2
13.4
(Colorado River Aqueduct
at La Verne, Sta. 69)
Feb.
1956
3- 9-56
3-7
lo. 2+2.0
(continued)
Mar.
1956
4-10-56
3.h
11.2
Apr.
1956
5-12-56
2.6
11.3
May
1956
6- 9-56
4.2
14.8
June
1956
7-10-56
3.3
2.1
July
1956
8-29-56
4.9
15.4
Aug.
1956
9-15-56
4.5
9.1
Sept.
1956
10-10-56
U.6
14.3
Oct.
1956
11-11-56
h.6
23.1
Nov.
1956
12-10-56
3.8
6.2
Dec.
1956
1-18-57
5.2
11.7
Jan.
1957
2- 9-57
5.6
27.5
Feb.
1957
3-28-57
5.1
20.9
Mar.
1957
i+-l6-57
5.5
14.6
Apr.
1957
5-22-57
4.5
33.0
May
1957
6-13-57
2.9
32.4
June
1957
8- 7-57
3.9
24.6
B-72
TABLE B-8
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc/l.*
uuc/l.*
Colorado River at La Verne
Influent F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration
Plant
(continued)
(Colorado River Aqueduct
at La Verne, Sta. 69)
(continued)
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
1957
1957
1957
1957
8- 9-57
12- 3-57
12-18-57
12-19-57
4.0
4.5
5.3
5.8
15.0
22.2
18.7
18.7
Nov.
1957
1-10-58
4.0
l4.9
Dec.
1957
1-14-58
4.4
23.4
Jan.
1953
4-12-58
3.5
10.9
Feb.
I95S
4-15-58
4.6
13.3
Mar.
1958
4-10-58
5.4
14.4
Apr.
1958
5- 9-58
4.7
16.1
May
1958
6-14-58
5.0
9.6
June
1958
7-10-58
4.5
7.7
July
1958
8- 8-58
5.4
11.5
Aug.
1958
9- 9-58
4.5
11.1
Sept.
1958
10-10-58
5.6
10.3
Oct.
1958
11- 6-58
5.0
31.4
Nov.
1958
12- 4-58
3.4
22.9
Dec.
1958
1-10-59
3.1
22.1
Jan.
1959
2-11-59
4.6
13.6
B-73
TABLE B-3
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sam
pled
analysis
uuc/1.*
uuc/l.*
Colorado River at La Verne
Influent F. E. Weymouth
Softening and Filtration
Plant
Feb.
1959
3-12-59
J+.l
20. U
(continued)
Mar.
1959
U-17-59
3.7
15.2
(Colorado River Aqueduct
at La Verne, Sta. 69)
Apr.
1959
5-15-59
k.k
13.4
(continued)
May-
1959
6-11-59
U.O
15.8
June
1959
7-17-59
If.l
8.9
July
1959
8-12-59
4.6
9.4
Aug.
1959
9-17-59
U.8
9.6
Sept.
1959
10-15-59
3.9
17.9
Oct.
1959
11-11-59
2.9
16.7
Nov.
1959
12-18-59
3.2
9.4
Dec.
1959
1-13-59
3.5
7.7
■^^-TJnit = mi cromicro curies per liter. Unless otherwise stated, the maximum
statistical deviation in counting at the 90 percent confidence level for
alpha is +0.7 uuc/l. and for beta is +2.6 uuc/l.
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B-79
05
■P
r-i
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0)
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+ l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l
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+I+I+I+I+I+I
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oJ
+ 1 + 1
+ l+l+l+l
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rH J- H,H,r^,0,r^ H.HH,
+ l+l±.l±.l:t-l+ l+l+l.+ l±l
OJ
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+ I + I+I+I+I + I+I
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+ f+r+'r+ 1+1+ r+'i'+'i ^
+ 1
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ft
u
^
5
O.H
*
l + l
o.
H,
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C\J HrHOJ HOJ HOJOJiHfHon HOJ
C\ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
if\-* irNir\if\ir\vo^^t~-t~-t^f~^-cococo 0\ 0\<M
0\ H
B-80
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO. ?)
COLORADO RIVER NEAR PARKER DAM (SIA. 56d)
Analyses Received From The LFnited States
Public Health Service
Micro
-micro
curies per liter
Date
: DiS!
solved
: Suspended
: Dissolved :
Suspended
sampled
: Beta
: Beta
: Alpha :
Alpha
1959
1- 7
1^J+
+
2
U
+ 1
l-li+
3k
+
2
U72
+ 2
1-21
k2
+
1
5
+ 1
1-28
h3
+
2
+ 1
3
+
+
2- 5
23
+
2
21^
+ 1
k
k
2-11
11
+
1
8
+ 1
6
+ 1
6 + 1
2-25
31
+
2
10
+ 1
3- h
55
+
2
8
+ 1
3-11
50
+
2
8
+ 1
+
+
3-18
19
+
2
1
+ 1
3
+ 1
+
3-2U
^5
+
2
8
+ 1
15
+ 1
1+0
k- 1
36
+
3
k
+ 2
k
+
+
k- 6
97
+
3
lU
1 2
+
+
k-ik
55
+
3
30
+ 2
U-20
65
+
3
6
+ 2
1+-29
87
+
3
8
+ 2
5- 6
7h
+
3
1
+ 1
5-13
10
+
k
8
+ 1
5-20
103
+
3
90
+ 2
3
+ 1
B-81
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO. 7)
COLORADO RIVER NEAR PARKER DAM (STA. %d)
(continued)
Analyses Received PVom Ihe United States
Public Health Service
Micro-micro
curies per liter
Date :
Dissolved
: Suspended
: Dissolved :
Suspended
sampled :
Beta
: Beta
: Alpha :
Alpha
1959 (cont. )
5-27
1 + 2
2+2
3 1
6- 1
7+1
6- 8
li+ + 2
6-15
21 + i^
13 1 3
6-22
6-29
12+2
7- 6
7-13
1 + 1
21 + 1
18 + 1
1 +
7-22
U3 + 2
1 + 1
k +
7 +
7-28
6+2
11 + 1
5 11
8- 6
•
1 +
8-13
1|8 + 2
5
8-28
2k +3
3 +
9- 2
6 + 3
2 + 1
B.82
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLOR/aDO river basin R^iGIOII (lIO. ?)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Source and sampling point
Date
sampled
Date of
analysis
Gross Alphs
uuc/l.*
Gross Beta
uuc/l.-""
Colorado River
Lake Havasu at Intaice
Pumping Plant
10-21-52
10-31-52
3.5
7.8+3.6
(Take Havasu at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intake,
Sta. 56d)
10-28-52
11-25-52
11-15-52
1-13-53
3.5
3.4
3.9+3.2
4.4+3.3
12-22-52
1-22-53
3.1
8.0+3.2
1- 6-53
1-30-53
-
10.8+3.1
2- 3-53
2-13-53
4.1
5.6+2.1
3- 3-53
3-26-53
2.5
7.5+3.3
ii-iii-53
4-23-53
3.2
9.2+2.6
5-12-53
5-29-53
3.2
7.0+2.3
6-16-53
6-24-53
3.7
6.3+2.2
7-1^-53
0-24-53
3.1
9. 8+2. 3
8-16-53
9-29-53
4.3
7.5
9-22-53
10-11-53
2.6
4.3
10-20-53
11-27-53
3.3
10.6
II-2U-53
12-18-53
4.4
7.6
1-19-5^+
2-17-54
4.1
5.0
2-16-5U
3-20-54
3.7
12.4
4-13-54
4-2d-54
2.0
13.0
B-83
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE V7ATSRS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (llO. 7)
(continued)
Analyses Received From Tlie Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc/1.-^-
uuc/1.*
Colorado River
le.Ke Havasu at Intake
Pumping Plant
(continued)
5-11-5^+
6-15-5^
5-25-5^
6-29-5^4-
h.5
3.5
li^.U
li+.2
(T.ake Havasu at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intake,
Sta. 56d)
7-27-5^
B-2k-^k
9-26-3k
2.9
3.5
9-1
9.1
9-2I-5U
II-12-5I+
2.8
7.6
IO-26-5I+
ll_29-5i<.
^.0
10.6
11-30-5^
1-18-55
2.9
7.6
1-11-55
2-23-55
3.8
11.5
2-22-55
3- ^-55
3.5
11.1
3-22-55
3-30-55
i^.2
-
5- 3-^5
5-12-55
2.6
9.2
5-17-55
6- 3-55
2.5
136.5+3.0
6-1U-55
6-28-55
3.0
6.2
7-12-55
7-27-55
h.7
8.1
8-16-55
8-27-55
3.6
9.0
9-13-55
10- 8-55
3.2
15.3
10-25-55
11-13-55
k.O
6.1
11-29-55
12-10-55
3.2
10. i^
12-27-55
1-31-56
1.9
9.9
B-8U
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO. ?)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Vfeter District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uac/l.*
uuc/1.*
Colorado River
Lake Ha-vasu at Intake
Pumping Plant
1-24-56
2-13-56
3.9
14.7
(continued)
2-21-56
3- 8-56
3.0
10.4
(Lake Havasu at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intalce,
3-20-56
h- 9-56
4.2
14.4
Sta. 56d)
5- 8.56
5-19-56
4.7
9.8
6- 5-56
6-21-56
4.0
9.2
7-17-56
8-28-56
3.7
15.1
8-1I+-56
9.14-56
3.5
7.9
9-18-56
9-28-56
3.7
11.9
11- 6-56
12- 1-56
4.4
23.5
12-11-56
12-28-56
5.9
15.4
1- 1-57
1-22-57
5.7
17.6
2-19-57
3-27-57
5.5
19.7
k. U-57
4-18I57
5.1
26.0
U-30-57
5-24-57
4.0
19.6
5-lh-^l
6- 2-57
3.5
28.3
6- 4-57
6-15-57
2.0
31.9
7- 9-57
8-11-57
3.6
26.2
9- 3-57
12- 5-57
3.5
36.4
9-17-57
12- 6-57
4.6
25.4
B-85
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO. ?)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropoli-can
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc/l.*
uuc/l.-"-
Colorado River
Lake Havasu at Intalce
Pumping Plant
(continued)
10-15-57
11-12-57
12-17-57
12-2U-57
5.2
5.6
18.1
14.3
(Lake Havasu at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intake,
St a. 56d)
12-10-57
1- 7-53
1- 9-58
1-17-58
3.4
3.7
11.7
22.3
3- h-^Q
4-18-50
4.7
8.9
3-12-53
4-19-58
5.2
12.0
i+-29-53
5-12-50
3.^
15.1
5-27-53
6- 6-58
4.1
17.5
6-24-53
7- 9-58
4.0
15.0
7- 3-58
7-16-58
3.^
9.3
9- 2-58
9-11-58
3.2
21.0
lO-iU-58
10-21-58
3.3
17.1
II-2I+-53
12- 2-58
3.9
18.8
12-30-58
1- 9-59
4.1
26.6
1-27-59
2-12-59
3.0
l4.2
2-24-59
3-11-59
5.4
16.0
3-24-59
3-31-59
4.8
13.0
4-21-59
4-29-59
4.4
21.2
5-19-59
6- 9-59
3.h
lo.l
B-86
TABLE B-10
RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS
COLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (KO. T)
(continued)
Analyses Received From The Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California
Date
Date of
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
Source and sampling point
sampled
analysis
uuc /l . *
uuc/l.-"
Colorado River
Lalce Havasu at IntaJce
Pumping Plant
6-16-59
7-15-59
3.6
13.9
(continued)
3- U-59
3-1U-59
3.7
1^.9
(Lake Havasu at Colorado
River Aqueduct Intake,
8-18-59
9-16-59
3.9
13.9
Sta. 56d)
9- 8-59
9-19-59
3.1
13.0
10-13-59
10-26-59
3.6
10.1
11-10-59
11-21-59
3.5
17.3
12- 8-59
12-23-59
h.2
\h.2.
*Unit = mi cromicro curies per liter. Unless otherwise stated, the maximum
statistical deviation in counting at the 90 percent confidence level for
alpha is +O.7 uuc/l. and for beta is +2.6 uuc/l.
B-87
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3-39
THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE
STAMPED BELOW
RENEWED BOOKS ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE
RECALL
fSR ^; -St 19;^ "
JU- 'Z^'^'^'
dUN 1 '66
^^'^6 REC'O
LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS
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