DAVm THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA p a r t m e n t of Wa ter Resources 4i^ BULLETIN No. 65-59 ^j^ QUALITY OF SURFACE WATERS IN CALIFORNIA e: 1959 iMiVfCRSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS JUL 15 1963 PART II SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA L.laRARY NOVEMBER 1962 EDMUND G. BROWN Governor State of California WILLIAM E. WARNE Adminisfrafor The Resources Agency of California and Direcfor Department of Water Resources 3 -WATER POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD REGION state of California THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA Department of Wa ter Resources BULLETIN No. 65-59 QUALITY OF SURFACE WATERS IN CALIFORNIA 1959 PART II SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA NOVEMBER 1962 EDMUND G. BROWN WILLIAM E. WARNE Governor Adminisfrator _ , _ , , The Resources Agency of California State of California , _. ana Director Department of Water Resources T/^J.iLV. OF COhTl'^riTS Page FROm'lSPIL'OE LilTTTP^ OF T.^AIISMITT'"! vii oiraAiiiZATiox, STATE d:;pa::tiiemt of water resoiirceg ix O.KrAillZATlO!:, CALJFORillA WATER COMT'llSSION x A(";ia;OWLt-»:KEI:TS xi i:'T]:ODlJCTIOfI 1 o'.iHFACK WATER QUALT'IT 11. ' SOU'firEPN CALIFORNIA. 7 oUTJ'K'.ry 7 Central Coastal Regioa (No. 3) ^ Snlinas River Brsin 10 Cuyjima River Pasin 21 Santa Ynez Jiiver Easin 2^ Los Angeler? Region (Wo. h) 31 Ventura River Pasin 33 Santa Clara River Basin 38 Los Angeles River Basin 51 Rio [jondo 5^ San Gabriel River Basin 62 Los Angeles Aqueduct 69 Colorado River Aqueduct 73 Laiiontan Region (ilo. 6) 77 Mo.jave River Basin 7o Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) 85 Colorado River Basin 88 iii Page Alamo River Basin 104 New River Basin 110 Salton Sea 117 Whitewater River Basin 120 Santa Ana Region (llo. 8) 127 Santa Ana River Basin 129 San Diego Region (No. 9) 1^9 Santa Margarita River Basin 151 San Luis Rey River Basin 15^+ Escondido Creek Basin 159 San Dieguito River Basin l62 San Diego River Basin l66 Sweetwater River Basin 173 Tia Juana River Basin 177 PLATES Plate No . 1 Stream Sampling Stations, Central Coastal Region (No. 3)-" Following page 30 2 Stream Sampling Stations, Los Angeles Region (No. h) Folloi/lng page 76 3 Stream Sampling Stations, Lahontan Region (No. 6) Following page 8k h Stream Sampling Stations, Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) ... .Following page 126 5 Stream Sampling Stations, Santa Ana Region (No. 8) Following page lh8 6 Stream Sampling Stations, San Diego Region (No. 9) Following page I80 iv APPENDIXES Page A Methods, Procedures, and Criteria A-1 B Basic Data ^""^ AM E. WARNE )ir«ctor of tcr Resources I on GOLDBERG 'Deputy Director l-IALD C. PRICE [/ Director Policy EDMUND G. BROWN GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA WILLIAM E. WARNE ADMINISTRATOR RESOURCES AGENCY ADDRESS REPLY TO P. O. Box 388 Sacramento 2, Calif. THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 1120 N STREET, SACRAMENTO October 26, 1962 Honorable Edmund G. Brown, Governor, and Members of the Legislature of the State of California State and Regional Water Pollution Control Boards Gentlemen: I have the honor to transmit Bulletin No. 65-59 entitled "Quality of Surface Waters in California, 1959, Part II, Southern California." The period January through December 1959 is covered in this fifth volume of a continuing chronological series on quality of surface waters in California. The quality of surface waters in Northern and Central California is discussed in Part I, published in July 1961, and Southern California surface water quality is discussed in this report. Part II. At the request of the State Water Pollution Control Board a statewide surface water monitoring program was initiated in April 1951- As authorized by Section 229 of the Water Code, the Department of Water Resources has administered this program in cooperation with the State Department of Public Health, Bureau of Sanitary Engineering; the State Department of Fish and Game; the United States Geological Survey; and various other agencies and individuals. Under the state- wide program, samples from 210 stations, located on IU3 different water sources, are collected and analyzed periodically to maintain surveillance on the quality of surface waters in California. This volume reports the results of monitoring at 5^ of these stations, located on 3^*- streams, lakes, and artificial channels in Southern California. During 1959> surface water quality data, for Southern California, showed varying degrees of increases in concentration of mineral constituents, primarily due to the lower than normal precipi- tation in the 1958-59 rainfall season, resulting in low runoff and decreased streamflows. A few of the streams that normally flow vii Honorable Edmund G. Brown, Governor, and Members of the Legislature of the State of California State and Regional Water Pollution Control Boards continuously were dry for several successive months in the latter part of the year. The flow in a few other streams consisted almost entirely of waste water discharges. At several stations new majcima for the period covered by this continuing series of annual reports were recorded for mineral constituents of concern in water quality. These conditions emphasize the need for continued surveil- lance of the quality of the surface waters of the State in order to determine first, the natural variation in water quality that may be expected and second, the average quality against which changes caused by the activities of man can be evaluated. This report indicates that the existing network of monitoring stations is adequate for general comparisons in Southern California; special problem areas are treated separately under authorization of other sections of the California Water Code. Sincerely yours, William E. Warne Director viii STATE OF CALIFOmiA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES EDMUND G. BROWN, Governor WILLIAM E. WARNE, Administrator, The Resources Agency of California and Director, Department of V/ater Resources ALFRED R. GOLZE*, Chief Engineer JOHN R. TEERINK, Assistant Chief Engineer SOUTHERN DISTRICT James J. Doody District Engineer Lloyd C. Fowler Chief, Planning Branch This report was prepared under the direction of David B. Willets Chief, Water Quality Section Felix W. Cartier Water Resources Engineering Associate assisted by Robert B. Gunderson Assistant Civil Engineer Howard P. Walker Water Resources Technician I James C. Ping Engineering Aid II ix CALIFOflNIA WATER COMMISSION RALPH M. BRODY, Chairman, Fresno WILLIAM H. JhMINGS, Vice Chairman, La Mesa JOHN W. BRYANT, Riverside JOHN P. BUNKER, Gustine IRA J. GHRISMAN, Visalia GEORGE FLEHARTY, Fresno JOHN J. KING, Petal uma NORRIS POULSON, Los Angeles MARION R. WALKER, Ventura WILLIAM M. CARAH Executive Secretary GEORGE B. GLEASON Principal Engineer ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The extensive coverage of the statewide surface water quality monitoring program is made possible through the cooperation of federal, state, and local agencies. The valuable assistance of the following agencies in the Southern California portion of the prograjn is gratefully- acknowledged . United States Geological Survey United States Public Health Service California Department of Public Health, Division of Laboratories California Disaster Office, Radiological Services City of Long Beach, Department of Public Health City of Los Angeles Department of Public Health Department of Water and Power City of San Bernardino Los Angeles County Flood Control District Imperial Irrigation District The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Ventura County Water Resources Division Bacteriological determinations were made by the California State Department of Public Health, Division of Laboratories, Los Angeles, and radiological counts were made by the California Disaster Office, Sacramento, under provisions of a continuing agreement with the State Water Pollution Control Boaxd. xi INTRODUCTION An abundant and usable source of water is an essential commod- ity in man's environment. To insure that California's rapidly expanding economy and increasing population are provided with a usable supply of water, an effective surveillance program must be maintained. The early detection and control of quality impairment is necessary in order to insure the fullest beneficial use of the State's water resources. Realizing the need for a detection system, the State of California ini- tiated a statewide surface water monitoring program in April 1951* Since that time the monitoring program has been conducted by the Department of Water Resources in cooperation with numerous agencies and individuals. The department's monitoring program is integrated with monitoring stations maintained by other agencies at various places throughout the State. Bulletin No. 65-59 is the fifth volume in a series on surface water quality conditions in California. Data presented were collected by the Department of Vfeter Resources under its surface water quality monitoring program and by other public agencies in California. In addi- tion to basic data, this bulletin contains evaluations and interpreta- tions of significant quality variations detected during 1959 and, where possible, an explanation of the causes of these variations. Part I of this bulletin, published July 19^1, presented surface water quality data and an ^evaluation of surface water quality conditions in V/ater Pollution Control Regions 1 and 2, the portion of Region 3 north of the San Antonio-Salinas River drainage boundary, Region 5, and the portion of Region 6 north of the Mono Lake drainage divide. Part, II of this bulletin, the present volume, presents surface water quality data and an evaluation of surface water quality conditions in the southern portion of Region 3 ( Santa Ynez, Santa Maria, Nacimiento, and San Antonio Rivers and the portion of Salinas River upstream from the confluence of San Antonio River), all of Region k, Region 6 south of the northern Mono Lake drainage boundary, and all of Regions 7, 8 and ^. The regions and the areas reported on in this volume are shown on the frontispiece map. The 1959 stream sampling program reported herein comprised the collection of water samples and analyses from 5^ stations on 3^ streams, lakes, and artificial channels throughout Southern California. Previous quality monitoring data are included in the following report and bulletins: California Department of Public Works, Division of Water Resources, Water Quality Investigations, Report No. 15, "Quality of Surface Waters in California, 1951-195^" California Department of Water Resources, Division of Resources Planning, Bulletin No. 65, "Quality of Surface Waters in California, 1955-1956" . Bulletin No. 65-57, , "Quality of Surface Waters in California, 1957" . Bulletin No. 65-58, "Quality of Surface Waters in California, I958" In addition to the Bulletin 65 series, the department publishes and distributes a monthly report containing water quality data and preliminary evaluations of detected quality variations. These reports are distributed to pollution control, public health, and other agencies and interested individuals to provide them with data on water quality as soon as practicable after collection and analysis of water samples. The activities of the department's surface water monitoring program are authorized by Section 229 of the Water Code, which directs that: "The department, ..., shall investigate conditions of the quality of all waters within the State, including saline waters, coastal and inland, as related to all sources of pollution of whatever nature and shall report thereon to the Legislature and to the appropriate regional water pollution control board annually, and may recommend any steps which might be taken to improve or protect the quality of such waters." The basic objectives of the department's surface water quality monitoring program are: (a) to secure continuous and reliable water quality data, on a periodic basis, from a network of stations which will provide representative data pertaining to the quality of water in the major surface streams and lakes of the State; (b) to evaluate and interpret chemical, physical, biologicsLL and radiological information collected during the course of the program to develop a comprehensive understanding of the factors which make up and alter the water quality at any station; and (c) to detect changes in water quality and to notify the appropriate control agency (regional water pollution con- trol boards, state and local health departments. State Department of Fish and Game) when warranted. The discussion of water quality data presented in this bulletin is by water pollution control regions, which are numbered and named substantially in accordance with the major surface drainage basins with which they are coterminous (see Frontispiece). Within each region, the -3- discussion is presented by basins or stream groups. In each basin or stream group, the main stream is discussed first, followed by a discus- sion and summary of data, in downstream order, of all monitoring stations. The discussion for each monitoring station includes a descrip- tion of the sampling point, period of quality record, a discussion of water quality characteristics, and an analysis of significant water quality changes in 1959- For each station the maximum and minimum con- centrations of the mineral constituents in the water for the period of record and for 1959 are given, and also for each station, curves depict- ing variations in stream flow, specific conductance, and, where applica- ble, pertinent problem mineral constituent concentrations are presented. Results of bacteriological and radiological determinations presented in this bulletin should be considered as only qualitative indicators; undue weight should not be given to quantitative values. The indicators contribute to long-term environmental studies. Results of bacteriological examinations are expressed as the most probable number (MPN) of coliform bacteria per milliliter (ml) of sample. In view of the rapidity and frequency of change in the density of coliform organisms, frequent and "lengthy sampling is necessary before a truly reliable evaluation can be made. Results of radiological determinations are expressed in terms of activity, measured in micro-micro curies per liter (uuc/l). No well defined limits have been established for maximum safe concentrations of unknown alpha and beta emitters in domestic water supplies. The International Commission on Radiological Protection has recommended provisional criteria for permissible concentrations of radioactivity in -h- water. Even though evaluation criteria have been recommended by this commission, this bulletin does not attempt to evaluate the specific safety conditions. Pertinent features of these criteria are given in Appendix A, "Procedures and Criteria." Appendix A contains a discussion of field and laboratory procedures and methods, and the criteria utilized by the Department of Water Resources in evaluating the quality of water. Appendix B contains the physical, mineral, bacteriological and radiological data for samples collected during 1959- SURFACE V/MER QUAJ.I'rY IN SOUTiOiRN CALIFCRIIIA oUl-f-IARY During i959» the quality of suri'ace vrater in Southern California was e;ctremeiy variable, as it has been in pricr years of record and re- ported in previous bulletins of this series. Deficiency of precipitation in the 195^-59 rainfall season resiilted in reduced runoff and abnormally lo\T natural flovrs in most of tue river basins, and at many stations t:.e stream channels were dry during; t .e later months of the year. Reservoir 3tora^;e for reflation of stream flows showed a ,,eneral decline, as did the stora e in those reservoirs iirrpounding natural flows for other uses, i'iany stream flov/s in Southern California consist wholly of v;aste waters in the absence of natiiral runoff, and, as a consequence, the tiveraje quality for the year at many stations was not as Good as normal, shovz-in;^ t.;e lack L-f dilution witr. the better quality natural stream flows. .A few nev; maximum values were established for concentrations of constituents of significance in evaluation of v;ater quality; these maximums v,ere, for t--:e riozt part, for minor constituents such as fluoride and boron, usually present in only smaill ajnounts. Central Coastal Region (No. 3) The Central Coastal Region (No. 3) comprises approximately 11,000 square miles of coastal valleys and mountain ranges. The region extends about 275 miles along the coast, from the southern boundary of Pescadero Creek Basin (about 35 miles south of the City of San Francisco) to the southeasterly boundary of Rincon Creek Basin (approximately 70 miles north of Los Angeles), and averages about 50 miles in width. Valley and mesa lands occupy about 2,000 square miles in the region. The coast line is rocky and rugged except for a few river deltas. Mountain peaks exceed 5)000 feet in elevation in most of the ranges. Sawmill Mountain at the head of Sisquoc River, tributary to Santa Maria River, reaches an altitude of 8,750 feet. Mean seasonal runoff in the region is 2,UU7,600 acre-feet. The region is semiarid, and most of the streams flow intermittently. Winter and spring flows are often large and constitute a flood hazard. The principal hydrographic units in Central Coastal Region include San Lorenzo, Pajaro, Salinas, Carmel, Santa Maria, and Santa Ynez. In this region lU sampling stations are monitored to maintain surveillance of surface water quality. The monitored streams and the number of stations on each (in parentheses) are presented in the follow- ing tabulation: San Lorenzo River (l) San Benito River (l) San Antonio River (l) Soquel River (l) Carmel River (l) Cuyama River (l) Pajaro River (l) Salinas River (3) Santa Ynez River (2) Uvas Creek (l) Nacimiento River (l) The upper reaches of the Salinas River, and the Nacimiento, Cuyama, and Santa Ynez Rivers are in the area monitored by the Southern District of the Department of Water Resources. The stations on these streeuns are shown on Plate 1 and are discussed in this report (Part II of Bulletin No. 65-59)' The remaining stations in this region are discussed in Part I, published separately. -9- Salinas River Basin The Salinas River Basin is located in the central portion of the Central Coastal Region. The watershed has an area of i+j^+OO square miles, of which mountains and foothills cover approximately 3^^80 square miles, and valley and mesa lands occupy the remaining 920 square miles. The basin extends inland from the coast about I50 miles in a south- easterly direction, bounded on the west by the Coast Range and on the east by the Temblor Range. The Salinas River traverses the rich lands of Salinas Valley for nearly 100 miles, and discharges to ^tonterey Bay near Castroville. Mean annual runoff from the watershed is approximately 713>800 acre-feet, while the average annual flow at Station ii3c, near Bradley, is about 31+0,000 acre -feet. Nacimiento River and San Antonio River are tributaries of Salinas River. During the summer season all three of these rivers are usually dry. The principal reservoirs on the Salinas River system are Nacimiento Reservoir and Salinas Reservoir. Several smaller reservoirs in the headwater area store surface water supplies for local needs. Since 195^, flood waters stored by Nacimiento Reservoir have been released during the summer months for artificial replenishment of ground water storage. Recreational facilities are provided at Nacimiento Reservoir and Salinas Reservoir. The economy of the basin depends primarily on agriculture, which is extensively developed on the highly productive valley lands. Food processing and siogar refining are the dominant industries. Water -10- requirements for agriculture, industry, municipalities, and domestic use are met by utilization of ground water supplies. The five stations maintained to monitor surface water quality in this basin are: Monitoring Station Salinas River at Paso Robles Salinas River near Bradley Salinas River near Spreckels Nacimiento River near San Miguel San Antonio River at Pleyto Page Number of Station Discussion 12 Ik Part I of this bulletin 16 18 -11- SALINAS RIVER AT PASO ROBLES (STA. i<-3a) Sampling Point . Station U3a is located in Section 33 of Township 26 South, Range 12 East, Mount Diablo Base and Meridian. Water samples were collected from the left bank just upstream from the United States Geological Survey gage on 13th Street Bridge in Paso Robles, 3-5 miles upstream from Huerhuero Creek. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959 • Water Quality Characteristics . Throughout the period of record the water has generally been calcium-sodium bicarbonate in character, usually class 1 for irrigation, moderately to very hard, and has met drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Boron occasionally exceeds the limit of 0.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water. Significant Water Quality Changes . The nine year record indicates seasonal changes in mineral concentrations, varying with volume of flow, and a slight increase in mineral content during the period of record. Surface flow occurred from January to April 1959' ■12- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Maximum of Record HlnlBum of Record MAxlnum 1959 Hlnljinia - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C) Tampsrature In °? DlasolTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation pH 1,213 79 lU.O 136 9-B 277 lt6 6.8 70 6.6 1,079 76 lU.o 136 e^ 585 52 7.0 79 I-5_ Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Kg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COi) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 95 37 llU 7.2 19 373 161 96 5.6 0.7 0.80 ItO '•5 17 20 O.i. 0.0 115 l»0 11.5 0.5 O.lU O.OU _15 95 37 llU 2.8 0.00 373 161 96 k.2 0.7 0.55 _k2 65 26 29 1.8 0.00 226 91 35 2.0 0.2 0.15 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodltai Hardness as CaCO^ In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidltr In parts per million 1,283 '•7 527 126 >1,200 178 16 120 <5 655 '•7 389 89 <5 lt03 19 269 <5 Conform In most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Wssolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 7,000 0.00 3.37 18.02 29.18 <0.U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 700 station dry 23 during May and Sep' ember ♦J Oi ol S.3 — 600 500 ItOO 300 200 100 1,25c 1,100 950 800 650 500 350 200 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ■Jl /-{.. t .r./l\ ii:: ti :|' (: ■|.' t w- ■n ,.\ I .T- 4 r I 2,000 1,800 1,600 ? 1,U00 1,200 ^ 1,000 a 800 600 l»00 200 ti4iijj*so*io jrwAH.t.1 asono 1952 44-H .UL iiiui^ J * MAHJ J * S ON 1953 Jl. AHJJASONO J'MkMj^ A^OI.0 1954 1955 AUAL K « ■ J J * S W 1956 kMJjAlONO 1957 FMAK.JASIMO 1956 J iIAMjJASOIO 1959 SALINAS .RIVER AT PASO R0BLES(STA.43a) 13 SALINAS RIVER NEAR BRADLEY (STA. k^c) Sampling Point . Station k^c is located in Section 15 of Township 23 South, Range 10 East, Mount Diablo Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank at the United States Geological Survey- gaging station, six miles northwest of Bradley and seven miles down- stream from San Antonio River's confluence with the Salinas River. Period of Record . October 1958 through December 1959« Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is calcium-magnesium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, moderately hard, and meets drinking water standards for mineral constit- uents. Significant Water Quality Changes . The data for the 15 month period of record indicate a vei^- slight increase in mineral content. Surface flow at this station occurred throughout the year, regulated by Nacimiento reservoir releases. -Ik- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimim - 1959 Specific conductance (ralcromhos at 250C) 61? 278 f\? 27fi Temperature in °F y^ e^ n-i eg mssolved oxygen In parts par million 12.0 7.5 12.0 7.5 Percent saturation 12lj 7li 12li 82 pH 8-'' 7.7 e.U 7.7 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 29 26 29 ?6 Magnesium (Mg) 16 11 16 13 Sodium (Na) ' ^6 11 U6 11 Potassium (K) 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.7 Carbonate (CO-j) 12 0.00 12 0.00 Bicarbonate (HOO3) 221, I05 221, 105 Sulfate (SOk) 35 2li 3U 7h Chloride (Cl) 33 8 33 8 Nitrate (NOj) 0.6 0.25 0.6 0.5 Fluoride (F) 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 Boron (B) O.ll 0.05 0.12 0.05 Silica (Si02) 20 10 15 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 210 Percent sodium 31 Hardness as CaCOi in parts per million Total 226 Noncarbonate 51 Turbidity in parts per million <25 161, 210 175 16 31 16 116 226 119 51 <5 <25 <5 Coliforra in most probable number per milliliter No conforms in 1958 62 0.1,5 RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Station established 0.09 0.00 Solid alpha October 195S 0.1,1 O.I8 Dissolved beta 2.50 0.00 Solid beta 6.56 3.71 WATER QUALITY ' VARIATIONS T T 1 1 T + " " 7nn ..... o^~- i £0 1J> ' ^~ 600 -I- 1 3 +3 -i" ^ 7 1 "i tCnn - 1- K • jrH*MJJ«SOI*0jFtl*MJj«SON0 jrUAH.'jd.v.HOJ»U '. «%CHQ 1951 1952 1953 1954 19 55 1956 1957 1958 1959 SAN ANTONIO RIVER NEAR PLEYTO (STA.43d) 19 Cuyama River Basin Cuyama River Basin is a part of the Santa Maria River drainage area and is in the southeastern portion of the Central Coastal Region, The upper reach of the river flows northwesterly through narrow canyons and small valleys, and then westward across the northern part of Cuyama Valley to Twitchell Dam. The river flows southerly from the dam to join the Sisquoc River, forming Santa Maria River at their confluence. The Cuyama Valley Basin is boiinded on the north by the Santa Lucia Mountains and Caliente Mountains, and on the south by the San Rafael Mountains and Sierra Madre Mountains. The Cuyama River drains about 1,200 square miles. The mean annual discharge measured at a point about 10 miles upstream from Santa Maria is estimated at 15,200 acre-feet. The river is usually dry during the summer months. Twitchell Dam, completed late in 1959^ stored no water during the year. There are no known direct uses of the surface waters. Normal flows percolate into the streambed to recharge ground water basins in Cuyama and Santa Maria Valleys. Local water needs are met by pumping from wells. The one station maintained to monitor surface water quality in this basin is Cuyama River near Garey. It is discussed on page 22. I -21- CUYAMA RIVER NEAR GAREY (STA. kka) Sampling Point . This station is located in Section 25 of Township 10 North, Range 33 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank at mid depth of the flow, 0.5 mile north of Santa MEiria Mesa Road and 6 miles downstream from Twitchell Dam. Period of Record . October 1958 through December 1959» Water Quality Characteristics . The surface flow has generally been calcivim-sodium-magnesium sulfate in character, very hard, and has not met drinking water standards for mineral content. A high sulfate content is a characteristic of this water. It is Class 2 for irrigation. Significant Water Quality Changes . Water samples were collected during the first 5 months of 1959* During the remaining months of the year the station was dry. The data for the 15 months of record for this station indicate a gradual increase in mineral content of the surface water. -22- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Majdmura - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (ralcromhos at 25°C) ?,1P9 Temperature in °F 7!i Dissolved oxygen in parts par million 111. 2 Percent saturation 152 pH 6.I4 l.liftii 2,189 1,761 5I4 7li 5U 7.0 13.0 9.5 7U 125 100 8.0 8.1i 8.0 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 227 Magnesium (Mg) 103 Sodium (Na) 165 Potassium (K) 6.6 Carbonate (CO3) 0.00 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 327 Sulfate (SOl) 9l,7 Chloride (CI) 99 Nitrate (NOj) 0.00 Fluoride (F) 0.7 Boron (B) 0.)j3 Silica (SiOg) 20 126 227 157 83 103 96 120 165 136 3.7 6.6 5,1 0.00 0.00 0.00 209 327 209 60U 9U7 739 77 99 90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.26 O.I42 0.26 15 20 20 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 1,760 Percent sodiun 30 Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total 990 Honcarbonate 800 Turbidity in parts per million <25 1,167 1,760 1,523 23 29 23 6m 990 729 1j35 800 520 <5 <25 <5 Coliform in most probable number per nllllliter No Conforms In 1958 13 0.6 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Station Established 0.20 Dry during Solid alpha October 1958 0.31 September Dissolved beta U.70 1959 Solid beta 0.28 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS Q. 1,000 900 .. i 1 - A - 1 800 " " i - t T « 700 4_ """" " "" ""' " 111 2 600 -4- - "S ^ eryi 1 1 ® '~^ ? noo .-_ - -- t" i §S^ t 1 u "2 • 1 8nn c n ;C _. .__ -H p '*i 7X ^ fson - -~ zr\ 1 1 g-s ' ' T t. .:_:::::::::::::::::::::::::ir^ jtjl ■ ^'tt T 1 POO .-..-.... . -1- " ""-* 1 — h 1 1 10 ■ ' T TT T T :i::::iiir::::T"'"Tii]]i uir -- T 1 £ 20 J. ^ 1 --4-1- |-i--r- - 4-1-+ t-L -(- 4^ -tU " tl Ft 1 li^ljitl 1 T 1 . 1 ' ^' ■ ' g, T "^ ■ t 1 t 'T « 10 J lJ^ ^, 4---I- J. 1 t t ^ "^ tijT^ S -^4-++ -k-++-l+-tif .t--1Sti Mt iZi' i [iN '^i T| t 1 ci.ti :.ii u ■■■■''¥:::. JASONDjrHAHjJ*4ONOjrHAHjjASO««DJ>'M«HjJ*SON0jrH*M..*SuN0 1951 1952 1953 1954 19 55 1956 1957 i958 1959 CUYAMA RIVER NEAR GAREY (STA 44q ) 23 Santa Ynez River Basin The Santa Ynez River Basin drains an area of about 900 square miles in the southern part of the Central Coastal Region. The basin lies between the San Rafael Mountains on the north and the Santa Ynez Mountains on the south. Three- fourths or 7^9 square miles of the drainage basin is mountainous, and the remaining 13^ square miles is classed as valley and mesa lands. The Santa Ynez River flows westward across the southern portion of Santa Barbara County, and discharges to the Pacific Ocean near Surf, California, 10 miles downstream from Lompoc. The mean annual mmoff to the ocean is approximately to, 000 acre-feet. The three reservoirs on the main Santa Ynez River channel controlling the flow are: Jamison Lake, Santa Barbara Reservoir, and Lake Cachuma. Of these, only Lake Cachuma offers recreational facil- ities. Recreational opportunities are also available at several locations along the river. The principal use of the Santa Ynez River water is municipal supply for the City of Santa Barbara. The water is exported from Santa Barbara Reservoir and from Cachuma Reservoir to the city by means of tunnels. Water is also diverted and exported through a tunnel at a point downstream from Jamison Lake to Montecito County Water District. Water requirements of the coastal portion of the Santa Ynez River Basin are met by ground water supplies. The headwaters area of the river contains a number of resorts and campsites. AgricuJ.tural land in the middle reach east of the Lomxxjc Plain is fully developed, but the land area involved is small. Agriculture .2li in the Lompoc Plain is extensive. The Vandenberg Air Force Base in and adjacent to the basin near the coast is the scene of the chief indus- trial activity in the basin. The rapid expansion of the City of Lompoc is associated with activities at the base. Processing of agriculttoral products is the major civilian industry. The two stations established to monitor surface water quality in this basin are: Monitoring Station Santa Ynez River at Cachioma Reservoir Santa Ynez River near Solvang Page Number of Station Discussion 26 28 -25- SANTA YWEZ RIVER AT CACHUMA RESERVOIR (STA. kh'b) Sampling Point . Station ^i+b is located in Section 19, Township 6 North, Range 30 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from Cachuma Reservoir at the left abutment of the dam, one-half foot below the water siirface. Period of Record . April I958 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The reservoir water is ceilcium- magnesium sulfate-bicarbonate in character and very hard; however, it meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. It is class 1 irrigation water, except that boron content occasionally exceeds the limit of O.5 ppm for class 1 water. Significajit Water Quality Changes . None. Cachuma Reservoir filled to neajc capacity in February and March of 1959. Improved water quality was evident from analyses of water samples collected in the s\ammer months. -26- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maximum of Record Minirauin of Record Maximum - 195? Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (micromhos at 250C) 7<7 Temperature in °F 72 Dissolved oxygen In parts par million H.U Percent saturation 129 PH 8.1, 685 75? 703 51) 72 5I1 I4.0 11.0 5.8 kl 126 60 7.1 8.1, 7 1 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 78 Magnesium (Mg) 38 Sodium (Na) 38 Potassium (K) 3.5 Carbonate (CO3) 0.0 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 215 Sulfate (SO)^) 235 Chloride (CI) 23 Nitrate (NOj) I.7 Fluoride (F; 0.5 Boron (B) 0.82 Silica (3102) 11, 60 7li 61 30 38 35 33 38 33 2.6 3.lj 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 168 215 168 182 222 208 12 17 12 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.18 0.58 0.21 2 5 2 Total dissolTod solids in parts per nlllion 530 Percent sodiiai 22 Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total 330 Noncarbonate 171, Turbidity in parts per railllon <25 li61, 530 507 17 21 17 283 330 307 136 172 151 <5 <25 <5 Collform in most probable number per milliliter 2.3 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter Dissolved alpha Station es Solid alpha October 1 Dissolved beta Solid beta 0.1,5 2.3 0.1,5 tablihed O.IJ, 0.20 958 l.Olj 0.27 6.67 a. 88 7.12 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ICO - - ! .^ » 300 - - ! '--■'• j^---f 1^ 1 * 1 a •3" 250 1 I T " "^ " 200 - 00 3 UN 800 T" S S 700 I"""" '''w::^' E C g '! It 60o[ - I 0.^ 61XJ -^ 8 - --- -- 1 ^ 7 _ _ 1 ," «; f, "'" 1- 5 __ :::::::: / gS^ h - - -. / 2o ,*^ 3 -- --- " 7 =[-/-■ gg 2 - -- r""7 £2 no 1 t 17 5a Y 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 SANTA YNEZ RIVER ATCACHUMA RESERVOIR (STA.44b) 27 SANTA YI^IEZ RIVER NEAR SOLVANG (sm. 45a) Sampling Point . Station U5a is located in Section 22 of Township 6 North, Range 31 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank at mid-depth of the flow, at the United States Geological Siirvey gage at Mission Road bridge, 25 feet downstream from Alisal Creek and 0.9 mile south of Solvang. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The siirface water at this station is generally calcium-magnesium siilfate-bicarbonate in character, occasionally changing to magnesium bicarbonate. The specific conductance normally exceeds 1,000 micromhos, placing the water in class 2 for irrigation. The water is extremely hard, but generally meets drinking water stand- ards for mineral constituents. Boron has only rarely exceeded 0.5 ppm. Significant Water Quality Changes . The data for the nine years of record for this station show a slight increase in mineral content. The river at this station was dry from August to December 1959. ■28- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itoa HaxLjium of Record Hlnlnum of Record Ma)Clmuin - 1959 Mlnljiiun - 1959 Specific conductance (micromhoe at 25°C) Tanperature in °7 DlssolTed oxygen in parta par million Percent saturation pH 1,361 80 i6.o 1U2 9.l« 1*1*1 W U.2 6.8 1,361 80 12.5 116 8.6 900 St 6.6 66 7.8 Mineral constitnenta in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Ma^esium (Hg) Sodium (Na) PoUssium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO1) Fluoride {?) Boron (B) Silica (S102) 113 68 76 7. 2li 527 ?9k 8I4 5. 00 00 0.60 0.72 1*0 76 37 36 1 lUi 189 17 0.00 0.20 0.00 10 91 61 76 2.2 0.00 527 2m 56 5.00 0.60 0.1*0 25 90 1*3 1*5 1.8 0.00 281 210 31* 0.00 0.20 0.17 22 Total dissolved solids in parts per nilllon Percent sodi\M Hardness as CaOO^ in parts per nilllon Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 671* 25 667 27? 1*50 565 16 162 II46 <5 721* 22 667 235 150 629 18 1*00 166 <5 Coltform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 7,000 0.55 0.31 2.01 7.55 <0.1i5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7,000 0.00 0.31 0.71 0.81 0.1*5 station Dry Sept. 1959 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS o-i 9-2 700 600 500 1*00 300 200 100 1,1*00 1,200 1,000 800 600 1*00 nil llll --\'v,',-.- V'- J n4 I'''' z::. /' .,,.. \ i r" r-' 100 50 J 9 M«M J J A SONO 1951 ■ rwAMjj atONO 1952 r mamj J • s o NC 1953 >illill-^-HHJIIIl! AHJJ ASONO jrilJlMj JASOMO 1954 1955 '-:^ ki JFM*HJJ« lOHO N, jrilAHjvASOND 1956 1957 11: 1 rUhU J i ASONQ jrMaHj jASONC 1958 1959 SANTA YNEZ RIVER NEAR SOLVANG (STA.45o) 29 STREAM CENTRAL CO KEY MAP Station Number hie. Salinas k-JSb TJaoirnie! 43c Salinas 43d Santa A; y^a Cuyama ; lt4b Santa Yl h^& Santa Yi LEGEND #"° SURFACE WATER SAMPLING STATION ■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA )EPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN DISTRICT (FACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM REAM SAMPLING STATIONS CENTRAL COASTAL REGION(NO. 3) 1959 SCALE OF MILES ^i gf STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS CHWRAL COASTAL REGION (NO. 3) Station Number Station Name h^a Salinas River at Paso Robles '•■31' Naolmlento River near San Miguel 'tSo Salinas River near Bradley '*33. Santa Antonio River near Pleyto Wta Cujrama River near Garey Vtb Santa Tnez River at Cachuma Reservoir 't5& Santa Ynez River near Solvang Los Angeles Region (No. k) The Los Angeles Region (No. h) comprises all areas draining into the Pacific Ocean between the southeastern boundary of the watershed of Rincon Creek in Ventura County and the Los Angeles -Orange County line. The region extends approximately 13O miles along the coast and aversiges kO miles in width, occupying an area of about '+,260 square miles. The region contains broad coastal and inland valleys hemmed in by rugged mountainous terrain. The Santa Monica Mountains, Simi Hills, and San Gabriel Mountains form a drainage divide between the group of streams flowing over the Ventura County Coastal Plain and the group that flows across the Los Angeles County Coastal Plain. Four stream systems on which surveillance is maintained for surface water quality monitoring are shown on Plate 2, and are listed in the following tabulation together with the number of sampling stations (in parentheses) monitored on each. Ventura River (2) Los Angeles River (3) Ssuita Clara River (5) San Gabriel River (3) Surface water imported to the region is monitored at the termini of the conveyance systems. The sources of these waters are the Mono Basin- Owens River, and the Colorado River. Los Angeles Region is semiarid, and its streams flow inter- mittently. Occasionally, winter storms of flood magnitude occur, but flood control works in both Ventura County and Los Angeles County minimize the hazards in the populated areas on the flood plains. A number of off- stream percolation basins are used to recharge ground water basins artificially with storm water stored in flood control basins, making up. -31- Los Angeles Region (No. h) The Los Angeles Region (No. h) comprises all areas draining into the Pacific Ocean between the southeastern boundary of the watershed of Rincon Creek in Ventura County and the Los Angeles -Orange County line. The region extends approximately 13O miles along the coast and averages kO miles in width, occupying an area of about h,260 square miles. The region contains broad coastal aind inland valleys hemmed in by rugged mountainous terrain. The Santa Monica Mountains, Simi Hills, and Saji Gabriel Mountains form a drainage divide between the group of streams flowing over the Ventura County Coastal Plain and the group that flows across the Los Angeles County Coastal Plain. Pour stream systems on which surveillance is maintained for surface water quality monitoring are shown on Plate 2, and are listed in the following tabulation together with the number of sairapling stations (in parentheses) monitored on each. Ventura River (2) Los Angeles River (3) Santa Claira River (5) San Gabriel River (3) Surface water imported to the region is monitored at the termini of the conveyance systems. The sources of these waters are the Mono Basin- Owens River, and the Colorado River. Los Angeles Region is seraiarid, and its sti-eams flow inter- mittently. Occasionally, winter storms of flood magnitude occur, but flood control works in both Ventura County and Los Angeles County minimize the hazards in the populated areas on the flood plains . A number of of f - stream percolation basins are used to recharge ground water basins artificially with storm water stored in flood control basins, making up. -31- in part, the natural percolation in river chamnels lost through channel improvement. Precipitation throughout the 1958-1959 rainfall season was below normal, resulting in substantially reduced runoff and stream flows. During the summer months, most of the natural watercourses were dry, and reservoir storage was very low. The drought conditions resulted in increased mineral content of the surface waters in 1959* ■32- Ventura River Basin The Ventura River Basin watershed lies in the northwest por- tion of the Los Angeles Region. It comprises an area of approximately 225 square miles, 195 square miles of which are mountains and foothills and only 32 square miles are valley land. It is bounded on the west by the Santa Ynez Mountains and on the east by the Sulphur and Topatopa Mountains. The Ventura River flows southward to the ocean near Ventura. The mean annual runoff of the Ventura River is estimated to be 67,800 acre-feet. There are two reservoirs in the Ventura River watershed. Casitas Reservoir on Coyote Creek was completed in 1959 3Xid did not store water during the year. Matilija Reservoir on the Ventura River stored water for irrigation use. Limited recreational use is made of Matilija Reservoir. The arable portion of the basin is fully developed for agri- culture. Petroleum is produced from several oil fields along the Ventura River system. The oil waste waters are discharged to evaporation ponds or sumps, or are discharged to the ocean by pipeline. The City of Ojai discharges sewage effluent from a secondary treatment plant (0.2 mgd) to San Antonio Creek, a tributary to Ventura River. The two monitoring stations maintained for surveillance of surface water quality in the Ventura River watershed are: Monitorin:- Station Matilija Creek above Matilija Dam Ventura River near Ventura -33- Page Number of Station Discussion 3»^ 36 MATILIJA CREEK ABOVE MATILIJA DAM (STA. h^) Sampling Point . Station Ujb is located in Section 19 of Township 5 North, Range 23 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Matilija Creek ■was sampled from the left bank during high flows and at the center of the stream during low flows, at the United States Geological Survey- gaging station two miles upstream from Matilija Eam. Period of Record . May 1953 through December 19^9. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is usually calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in character and extremely hard. Sulfate concentrations generally exceed the maximum value recommended for drinking water, ajid boron concentrations often place the water in class 2 or class 3 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . Boron concentrations in 1959 ex- ceeded the limit of O.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water. Low flows during the latter part of the year did not provide enough dilution to prevent boron concentrations from exceeding limiting concentrations for class 2 irrigation water. Hydrogen sulfide odor was noted in all samples collected in 1959' -3h- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its HaxLmum of Record Hinliniim of Record Maximum - 195!^ Minimum -1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C) Temperature In °F Dissolved oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation pH 1,780 66 IU.5 153 8.U U.O uo 6.8 1,17'' 80 9.0 108 8.3 56 7.0 71 7.8 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOr) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO3) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 166 UU ISi* 9.1 75 ''53 Uli 276 5.5 2.5 6.U US 69.5 18 17 0.0 0.0 lUU 22lt 7 0.0 o.u 0.0 10 120 31 91 3.8 0.0 268 279 100 0.00 l.l* 3.15 20 111 30 UO 1.9 0.0 190 276 19 0.00 0.7 0.56 10 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodixm Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1,2'»0 38 925 811 5,000 U2U 12 20U 88 795 33 U8U 26U <25 672 18 387 203 <5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta > 7,000 1.68 1.02 9-71 8.79 < 0.1*5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2li0 .1*6 .70 1-59 2.25 <0.1t5 Ho Sample in Sept. 1959 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS MATILIJA CREEK ABOVE MATILIJA DAM (STA.45b) 35 VENTURA RIVER NEAR VENTURA (STA. 6l) Sampling Point . Station 6l is located in Section 8 of Township 3 North, Remge 23 West, Saji Bernardino Base and Meridiaui. Samples were collected from the right bajtk five miles north of Ventura, 300 feet downstream from Highway 150 bridge at the United States Geologiceil Survey ga^e in Foster Memorial Park. Period of Record . May 1951 throiogh December 1959* Vfeiter Quality Characteristics . Ventura River water at this station is calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character, and very hard. Boron occasion- ally exceeds the limit of O.5 ppm for class 1 irrigation water. This water meets drinking water standards for mineral content, except in some instances when sulfates exceed the recommended limits. Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality of the water in 1959 > depreciated to near the average for the period of record, after showing improvement in I958 as the result of higher than average runoff from the above normal rainfall in the I957-I958 precipitation season. -36- WATER QUALITY RANGES Iten Haxlmiun of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnljnum 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25*^C) Temperature in °F Dissolved oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation pH 1,980 62 16.8 211 282 2.0 21. 7.2 79 12.0 llt7 8a. "•33 55 6.0 61. __Li!_ Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SO^) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride {?) Boron (B) Silica (SIO2) 166 1.5 119 6.0 19.0 361. 321. 260 10.9 0.8 1 25 32 37 6 10 l.U 0.00 115 33 8 0.00 0.1 0.00 10 121 37 86 2.6 0.00 315 272 73 2.0 0.6 0.66 _^5 118 36 53 2.U 0.00 200 261 UU 0.00 0.5 0.30 15 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodiin Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1,037 37 67U 1.38 1,600 205 12 122 1 725 28 U50 2Ul < 25 695 189 206 < 5 Coliform In most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta >7D0 0.56 0.60 21.96 7-11 <0.l4S 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 >7D0 0.58 0.50 U.61 3.66 < 0.U5 0.09 0.36 3.30 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 800 600 uoo 200 .r.CX f'----:: !|::: ['/'['/i '■■--^k'\ I" b r> C.-::::::: V o C o S.-5 2,000 1,500 V I 1,000 500 *:^+*: r.j '-\''-' y.l^'.D-^tvty. ,\ VENTURA RIVER NEAR VENTURA (STA. 61) 37 Santa Clara River Basin The Santa Clara Fdver Basin lies in the north central portion of the Los Angeles Region. The watershed area is about 1,690 square miles. About fifteen percent of the area is usable for agriculture, the remainder being mountainous or arid rolling hills. The upper reach of the Santa Clara River drains the western slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains. It flows westward between the Santa Susana Mountains and the Topatopa Mountains to the Pacific Ocean just south of Ventura. The mean annual runoff of Santa Clara River Basin is estimated at 216,^+00 acre-feet. Santa Felicia Reservoir (Lake Piru) on Piru Creek is the only large reservoir on the Santa Clara River system. Fishing and boating offered by the reservoir are heavily patronized recreational activities. Surface flow in the Santa Clara River system is generally inter- mittent, except in areas of rising water. Some surface water is diverted for irrigation, and to spreading operations for recharge of ground water basins. Surface waters in the main tributaries are used for municipal purposes or for spreading, but most of the water supply used in the Santa Clara River Basin is pumped from wells. Most of the land in the Santa Clara River Basin suitable for agriculture has been developed, with the exception of a portion of the flood plain of the river. Food processing and sugar refining are the major industries in the basin. The United States Navy's Air Missile Test Center at Port Hueneme and Construction Battalion Center at Point Mugu are the major military activities in the basin. Few waste discharges reach the Santa Clara River or its tribu- taries because they are retained in percolation ponds and only rarely overflow to the river channels. -38- The five stations established to monitor the quality of surface waters in the Santa Cleira River Basin are: Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Santa Clara River at Los Angeles -Ventura County Line Uo Santa Clara River near Sajita Paula k2 Piru Creek near Piru kk Sespe Creek near Fillmore U6 Santa Paula Creek near Santa Paula k& -39- SANTA CLARA RIVER AT LOS ANGELES- VENTURA COUNTY LINE (STA. kS) Sampling Point . Station k6 is situated in Section 30 of Township h North, Range 17 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The river was sampled from the right bank at Newhall Ranch Road crossing, one-half mile down- stream from Los Angeles -Ventura County line ajid one-half mile upstreajn from Ventura County gage. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959' Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at Station h6 is usually calcium-sodium sulfate in character, poor in quaJ-ity, high in sulfates, and extremely hard. This water is often class 2 or class 3 for irrigation use due to high total dissolved solids, and boron concentrations which often exceed 0.5 ppm. Significant Water Quality Changes . Data reveal a significant increase in dissolved solids in 1959, reaching a new maximum of 3? 2^4-5 ppm for the nine-year period of record. The concentration of boron also reached a new record of 2.31 ppm during the year, while the concentration of sulfate reached a maximum of l,6'+5 Ppm in September 1959* -ItO- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itoo Specific conductance (mlcronhos at 25°C) Temperature In "F DlssolTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH Mineral constitnents in parts per nilllon CalcluB (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) PotassiiBi in) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (MCO3) Sulfate (S 10,000 63'' 23 273 120 < 5 3,2U5 55 1,353 1,057 >10,000 Conform in most probable number par milliliter RadioactlTity in micro-micro curies per liter DissolTed alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta >7D,000 0.56 1.02 16.95 20.77 0.U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 TOO 0.U6 0.59 0.68 0.00 6U9 27 366 136 < 5 1.3 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 2.0 ....a -" j"^ X.:: #■ M /\ a H 6,000 5,000 8.3 l»,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 \ ¥■ >■ n ^■■■::l ''\ ■;;>3 r ^.'- I ^ SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR LOS ANGELES VENTURA COUNTY LINE (STA 46 ) 41 SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR SANTA PAULA (STA. k6a.) Sampling Point. Station kSa. is located in Section 12 of Township 3 North, Range 21 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Seunples were collected from the left bank I.5 miles upstream from Santa Paula bridge (Willard Bridge) and 100 feet north of South Mountain Road. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Chairacteristics . Santa Clara River water at Station k6a. is usually slightly better in quality than that upstream at Station k6, due to better quality tributary inflow from Piru and Sespe Creeks between these stations. The water is usually calcium-sodium sulfate in character, poor in mineral quaJLity, ajid extremely hard. Moderately high boron concen- trations and specific conductance values often place the water in class 2 for irrigation use. Sulfates generally greatly exceed the limit of 25O ppm recommended for drinking water. Significant Water Quality Changes . Analyses data for 1959 indicate that concentrations of dissolved minerals were slightly higher than the average for the prior years of record. -k2- WATER QUALITY RANGES Iten HaxLinuni of Record Mlnlnum of Record Maxljiium - 195? Minimum - 195? Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2500) Temperature In ®F Dissolved oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation pH 2,557 86 16.2 170 8.U 933 50 7.6 69 7.U 2,257 77 11.2 112 6.2 1,81^ 58 7.0 72 ZJ- Mlneral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Hg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO3) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SiOa) 232 96 210 9.3 16.5 3» 957 110 12 1.2 1.78 1* 106 33 51 2.9 0.00 203 281 27 0.00 o.ou 0.00 10 230 91 210 7 0, 399 905 101 12 0, 1. 30 2 00 219 86 11.3 6.5 0.00 290 883 72 8.5 0.8 0.87 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodlxm Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1,9^ 1*1. 1,007 729 U,800 655 22 U02 219 < 5 1,890 36 957 729 <25 l,6Uo 29 700 1*50 < 5 Coliform In most probable number per milliliter RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 7,000 18. U 1.9 20.1 8.50 o.liS 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,300 0.58 0.70 5-20 0.00 ^.5 0.18 0.18 0.80 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 2.0 1.0 E::::vB-':.'sv:;':':cr::;\;'::::^''''-:="''::;::/ f\,. SANTA CLARA RIVER NEAR SANTA PAULA (STA.46a) 43 PIRU CREEK NEAR PIRU (STA. kSc) Sampling Point . Station k6c is located in Section 20 of Township k North, Range l8 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were taken from the left bank, six inches below the water surface, directly downstream from the railroad bridge at Piru. Period of Record . June 1957 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . Piru Creek water is calcium-magnesium sulfate in character, and varies in mineral quality with releases from LaJce Piru. Sulfate concentrations normally exceed the limit recommended for drinking water. Boron is usually present in sufficiently high concen- trations to place the water in class 2 or class 3 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . Mineral analyses for 1959 indicate that fluoride concentrations averaged about 1.0 ppm and boron averaged more than 1.0 ppm. The maximum fluoride concentration was 1.2 ppm, equiv- alent to the previous maximum over the three years of record. -hk- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Specific conductance (talcromhos at 25*^0) Temperature in °F DlsaolTed oxygen in parts per million Percent saturation PH Haxlinura of Record 81. 12.6 125 8.1. Hlnlnum of Record 78U Uk 7.6 Tl 7-7 Ma)cUiiu.ni - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959 1,792 1?.0 118 971 7.6 9a 8.0 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Ng) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (Cl) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride {?) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 267 135 327 10.7 Ui 503 1,300 99 li.7 l.U 2.30 20 99 39 5U k.o 0.00 163 338 13 0.00 0.07 0.37 10 137 71 139 6.h 0.00 li96 60li ^3 0.00 1.2 1.56 15 132 50 58 a. 5 0.00 198 a6o 23 0.00 0.9 O.9I1 10 Total dissolved solids In parts per nlllion Percent sodium Hardness as CaC03 In parts per nlllion Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 2,1.85 38 1,071 800 > 10,000 725 19 3l»0 167 < 5 1,270 31 71.8 U80 <25 1,006 2a aoa 2a2 < 5 Collfom In most probable number per .Bllllllter HadloactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha DissolTed beta Solid beta 7,000 0.93 0.52 H..58 5.U3 0.6 0.00 0.00 2.51 2.99 7,000 ■ 93 0.3"* 9.'t7 5. ''3 0.6 0.00 0.00 I*. 75 0.53 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 3 UN «> CM 2.0 1.0 2,850 2,550 2,250 1,950 1,650 1,350 1,050 750 100 50 k7: ^ g; „,.:.. •=v' 1 1 1__ ^ i:::::::::::::::::::... it IL... T L - - 1 ::::::"::::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::.. ::::::::::::::::::::bi:::::::::^^ 1 .....y ...,.., 1 1 .,j. ,....hl " ' :::: ..^., ...jt... ._.;:: ' Jl./ tl i : ...;. 4 Li 1.. _ L .ikL t 1951 1952 ■ j,>ASOiiO jrif*«V4*9ON0j'M*ilJJ*SOMC J'HAMJJASONO 1953 1955 MAHJ J « lOMO J'MA«JJ«10N0 JVMAI1J.« ft tOMO 1956 Mffil 1957 PIRU CREEK NEAR PIRU (STA.46c) 45 SESPE CREEK NEAR FILLMORE (STA. U6d) Sampling Point . Station k-66. is located in Section 12 of Township k North, Raiige 20 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sespe Creek was sampled from the left bank during low flows and from the right bank during high flows at the gage, six miles above its confluence with Santa Clara River. Period of Record . June 1957 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station l4-6d is calcium- sodium sulfate in character, class 2 to class 3 for irrigation use, and extremely hard. Sulfates usually exceed the limiting concentration of 250 ppm recommended for drinking water. Boron exceeds 1.0 ppm and ranges to more thaji k.O ppm. SignificaJit Water QuaJ-ity Chajiges . Data show that there has been a slight increase in mineral concentration in the two and one-half years of record. Fluoride content was 1.5 ppm in May 1959* -U6- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itam Majdmura of Record Mlnljiium of Record Maximum - 1959 mnlinun - 1959 Specific conductance (micromhoa at 25°C) l,7l8 Temperature in °F 8l msaolved oxygen in parts par million 15-0 Percent saturation 170 pH 8.1*5 3UU l,U25 788 U8 79 50 2.5 15-0 2.5 23 170 23 7.2 8.1. 7.9 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) lUS Magnesium (Mg) 56 Sodium (Na) lUO Potassium (K) 5.0 Carbonate (COi) 2U Bicarbonate (HCO3) 265 Sulfate (SOl) U08 Chloride (CI) 160 Nitrate (NOj) 3.U Fluoride (?) l.S Boron (B) li.06 Silica (Si02) 16 U3.6 111 99 9.2 32 29 10.6 102 U6 1.9 3-8 2.U 0.00 12 0.00 89 23U 133 82 323 300 5 120 2U 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.2 1.5 1-0 O.OU 2.20 0.52 10 10 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 960 Percent sodium U3 Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total 622 Noncarbonate ItOJ Turbidity in parts per million U.OOO 163 775 725 9 38 23 1U7 536 295 55 37i» i-T* < 5 < 25 < 5 Collform in most probable number per milliliter TOO Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha 0.23 Solid alpha 0.9U Dissolved beta 5.75 Solid beta 7-75 < 0.1*5 62 < 0.U5 0.00 0.23 0.09 0.00 0.91* 0.17 0.00 5.75 '••25 0.00 5.21 1.28 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS •'■'' I ' 1 1 1' : 1 ' li.n ;(, 1 1 nl 3.0 (5 S 2.0 -..-_. ' 2 ^ .;. s 1.0 :,..::. " """'"" 7'~'\'""v^tM n,r \T'' ^^:-y" ' 1 Snn 1,1(00 --I- - TT 1,300 .! _-l _ ---/ui - - ^ 1,200 y^.-. A a." 1,100 { ;,' \ i\r 3 tr> *i CM H ^ 1,000 - t xJj ',, 7- - 13 tf B 900 4. 1 / . J nUC ^ - "1 t ii 1 800 __ 1 /; , eg + T ^ •Sii TOO 1 -.1 - t 1 1 83 t « 600 .._L....l. 500 4- -4- |- -L llOO...^ 1 i-f-l t- - 4- -1 300 1 ■ 3m "" TFT " 200 - •s IT jfrr £. ,0 . & ,0 o_ (C ^^ 1 ' ^- ■g 100 r-^ - - Q _ -1 s \ \ ' \ .] \ * \* ^\ J.. — jj.lo.llvr-.-.j.jo«ojr...jj.so.Cir«»«.J.JONOi»».-.v 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 1 , 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 SESPE CREEK NEAR FILLMORE (STA.46d ) 47 SANTA PAULA CREEK NEAR SANTA PAULA (STA. k6e) Sampling Point . Station k6e is located in Section 27 of Township k North, RaJige 21 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The creek water was sampled from the right bank at the gage near Santa Paiila. Period of Record . June 1957 throiigh December 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is calcium- sodiiom sulfate -bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation use, and very hard. Although it usually meets drinking water standards for mineral content, sulfate concentrations occasionally exceed the recommended limit of 250 ppm. Quality Changes. None. -hQ- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Specific conductance (ulcromhoa at 25°C) Temperature in "T Wssolved OTygen in parts par million Percent saturation PH Mineral conatltnonto in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SiOj) Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodiw Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million Collform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta Maximum of Record 61 lU.2 137 8.U 309 98 750 12 1*2 1,015 1,268 160 5.9 0.7 2.16 20 a, 663 1*2 1,176 1,035 1,300 Minimum of Record 328 Ul 6.0 69 Y.3 27 9 15.6 0.8 0.00 lOU 7U 9 0.00 0.02 0.00 10 266 16 IS"* 61 <5 21)0 0.1*6 0.914 5.63 U.17 <0.U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS uoo p. -; 300 5 o 200 100 LI i!- 1;' f- V:> o o 3 l/N s.^ u,ooo 3,000 1,000 200 100 L'\ .:.' o £: F aaiij J A so •) I9SI F MAIIJ J a S O NO 1952 1953 FHAUJJASONG JFH*MJJA90N0 1954 J F UAMj J a SONO 1955 ILL mi iryaMjjatoNO 1956 Maximum - 1959 1,207 81 IU.2 137 8.l» 92 39 106 2.6 0.00 283 255 80 0.9 0.6 0.55 20 713 42 389 176 90 Minimum - 1959 689 55 7.0 69 7.9 67 25 36 1.8 0.00 190 228 23 0.00 0.5 0.02 15 2UO O.I16 O.9U 5.63 5.86 590 22 282 118 < 5 <0.U5 0.09 0.00 3-53 1.87 s '-K^ ^Pk^"-- JFMAMJJ * SOND 1957 fs :ik 1958 HAHJJAIONOJFMAMJJASOH 1959 SANTA PAULA CREEK NEAR SANTA PAULA lSTA.46e) 49 Los Angeles River Basin The Los Angeles River Basin lies in the central part of the Los Angeles Region. Its drainage axea is about 820 square miles, one- half of which is valley and mesa lands and the remainder mountainous terrain. The San Gabriel Mountains bound the headwater area on the north and east and the Santa Monica Mountains bound it on the west. The Los Angeles River drains the San Fernando Valley and flows southward across the coastal plain to the Pacific Ocean at Long Beach. Mean annual runoff to the river is estimated at 91>700 acre- feet. The Los Angeles River in its lower reach serves as a drainage channel for industrial waste water and storm water through the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Summer flows in this reach consist almost entirely of industrial waste water, which has a pronounced effect on the quality of the streamf low . As a result, the surface waters of this river vary widely in characteristics and quality depending on the point of sampling and ratio of industrial discharges to natural or storm flow. In 19^9> low flows associated with the prevailing dry weather showed higher than usual concentrations of mineral constituents. The two stations established to monitor the quality of siorface water of Los Angeles River are: Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Los Angeles River at Los Angeles 52 Los Angeles River at Long Beach 5^ ■51- LOS ANGELES RIVER AT LOS ANGELES (STA. 1+7) Sampling Point . Station 47 is located in Section 15 of Township 1 South, Range 13 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected at the United States Geological Survey and Los Angeles County Flood Control District's gaging station at Figueroa Street bridge, 0.1 mile upstream from the confluence of the Arroyo Seco with the river. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is usually sodium sulfate-chloride in character, and extremely hard. Total dis- solved solids content and boron usually place the waters at this station in class 2 for irrigation or domestic uses. Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959 new maximums for the period of record were recorded for concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sulfate, and silica. Extremely low flows obsenrved in the latter part of 1959 would account for the excessive mineral concentrations found in samples collected during this interval. ■52- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itam Hajcbnum of Record Hlnlnum of Record Maximum - 1959 HlnlAUm - 1959 Specific conductance (raicromhos at 25^0) Temperature In **F Dissolved oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation pH .500 Ent. 93 25.1 279 9-3 206 50 0.0 3.6 2,500 t,st. 88 a. 68 256 1,300 Eet. 52 0.00 0.00 7-7 Mineral constituenta in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SO)^) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (P) Boron (B) Silica (SiOj) 178 1U5 596 12 120 1,1*45 7U5 760 19 0.8 l».0 35 17 k 3 0.0 55 25 10 0.0 0.2 0.00 10 178 ll»5 l<53 12 100 330 7U5 It 50 9 0. 1. 35 18 U2 32 5.9 0.0 55 290 53 • 0.0 0.5 0.00 20 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodiun I Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million Ttrtal Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1,97D 73 i,oii5 70B 3,000 115 39 72 13 <5 Coliform In most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2U,000 1.2lt 0.9 14.23 11.27 <0.U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,77'* 63 1,045 70B TOO 850 39 UUl Mi <5 0.11 0.59 6.58 8.5U <0.1i5 0.09 0.00 1.116 0-00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS CJ O 2,000 u I 1,000 12 » -- ' i - - ^ 1 , -_ p ' > ' i 'MAMJJASONO 1951 1952 '\; FMAMjJASOHDi^rHAIiJJASOMC 1953 mm rMAMJJ A9ON0 1954 t .t'M r M&HJ J * SONO 1955 IFMAM J J « 50ND 1956 mwm jrMAHJjASONO 1957 '^^5:;:j 1956 AHJJASONO J'MAHjJAtONO 1959 LOS ANGELES RIVER AT LOS ANGELES (STA. 47) 53 LOS AIIGELES RIVER AT LONG BEACH (oTA. h8) Sampling Point . Station hQ is located in Section 26 of Township k South, Range 13 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Tl:ie surface water was sampled from the left bank immediately downstream from Highway 101 (state Street) bridge. Period of Record . April 1951 through December IS'^9. Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is usually iin- acceptable in quality for recognized beneficial uses. Toxic concentra- tions of various metallic constituents are generally present. The station is located in the tidal reach of the river, and analyses often show the presence of sea voXev in samples collected at this point. Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959^ analyses of samples of water collected from this station revealed higher concentrations of arsenic, copper, and ammonia than in the previous yeo.rs of record. In May of 1959 ammonia was present at a concentration of 79 ppn. In September, arsenic was found present at a concentration of 3-5 PF™ ^^nd copper at 0.2 ppm. -5U. WATER QUALITY RANGES Its HaxUiium of Record HlnljBum of Record Maximum - 1959 Hlnlmua - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcronhos at ZS^C) Temperature In °F Qlseolved oxygen in parts par Billion Percent saturation PH kh.aoo 16.lt 161 9.2 5Ul 1(8 Wt,200 93 0.0 0. 7.0 6.7 76 8.0 2,fOO Let. 52 0.0 0. 7.2 Mineral conatitaenta in parta per million Calclon (Ca) Magnesium (Hg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (cOj) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (KOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 589 870 10,550 86 72 ^76 2,200 17,600 liiO 3.; 1*0 55 22 k 58 3.5 0.0 61 5 61 0.00 0.1 0.19 10 589 620 10,550 86 0.0 976 1,1*66 17,600 11*0 2.0 1*0 ko 106 u 205 38 0.0 21*0 5 335 0.06 0.6 9.3 30 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodiiM Hardness as CaCOj In parta per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1*7,100 99 3,693 3,61*6 800 363 39 81* 56 < 5 30,877 91 3,693 3,51*6 78 1,730 39 a2Q 187 < 5 Coltforra in most probable number per milliliter RadioactlTlty in micro-micro curies per liter Bissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta >700,000 >700,000 55 Rio Hondo flio Hondo originates as a bifurcation of the San Gabriel River in the southern portion of the Los Angeles Region; it flows southwesterly from the San Gabriel Valley through the Whittier Narrows and across the coastal plain to join the Los Angeles River near Imperial Highway. It is therefore a tributary of the Los Angeles River even though its flow originates primarily from the San Gabriel River. The recent construction of the Santa Fe flood control dam by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers conveys normal flows to the San Gabriel River channel and spillway flows to the Rio Hondo. The Rio Hondo collects runoff from the western portion of the San Gabriel Valley for conveyance to the downstream Whittier Narrows Flood Control Basin. Off -channel spreading basins along the lower reach from Whittier Narrows to the Los Angeles River are used for artificial recharge of ground water basins in the Los Angeles Coastal Plain. Water imported from the Colorado River is also released to the Rio Hondo about one and one-half miles above Whittier Narrows for replenish- ment of the downstreajn ground water basins. The station Mission Creek at Whittier Narrows (Sta. U9a) moni- tors quality of native rising water (outflow from the upstream ground water basin) at the narrows. Mission Creek is passed through the Whittier Narrows Dam to downstream spreading basins along the Rio Hondo. There are no known waste discharges to the river. The two monitoring stations established for surveillance of surface water quality in the Rio Hondo are: -56- Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Rio Hondo at Whittier Narrows 5O Mission Creek at Whittier Narrows 60 ■57- RIO HONDO AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. U9) Sampling Point . Station U9 is located in Section 6 of Township 2 South, Range 11 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Water samples were collected from the right bank at the Los Angeles County Flood Control District's gaging station, 125 yards upstream from the San Gabriel Boulevard bridge. Period of Record. April 1951 through December 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . Except for storm periods, the flow in the Rio Hondo usually consists of effluent ground water from the Main San Gabriel Basin supplemented by imported Colorado River water released from a main pipeline upstream from this station. Therefore, the character and mineral quality of the water varies. However, the native water is usually calcium- sodium bicarbonate in character and very hard. It is generally class 1 for irrigation use and usually meets drinking water standards for mineral content. The mingled waters are generally good in quality but sulfates exceed standards recommended for drinking water. Significant Water Quality Changes. None. -58. WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Maxlnun of Record Mlniraum of Record Maxiinura - 1959 Mlnimun - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at ZS^C) Tenperature In "T Dlsaolved oxygen in parts par rollllon Percent saturation pH 2,532 90 16.2 180 9-0 182 1*3 3.0 37 6.6 956 79 12.6 130 8.U 691 56 5.6 61 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calciun (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassiim (K) Carbonate (CO-j) Bicarbonate (HCO3) SuUate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO5) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 87 29 260 10.7 23 378 296 385 17.9 1.2 O.U Its 22 U 5 2.9 0.00 6^ 20 6 0.00 0.3 0.00 8 78 26 86 6.3 0.00 259 250 78 2.5 0.8 0.l»3 30 .6 .00 61 2U 55 U. 0. 150 120 U5 0.00 0.3 0.07 10 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent soditn Hardness as CaCO^ In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 1,097 7U 337 188 1,150 126 12 63 < 5 636 UO 308 181* 35 U93 30 2U9 U7 < 5 Conform in most probable number per milliliter RadioactiTlty In micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 70,000 2.96 l.Ui* 16.66 30.20 < U.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 >700 0.09 0.1*7 16.66 8.59 < 1*.5 0.00 0.09 6.09 5-77 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 300 l-g 200 100 r ^t X l.^ ^s x;;;4;; ^. y;i -Uh A (h 'C: '.i\:\ c— 3,000 3 j~t ^ h 1,000 S.3 h'^'l r' m *■.> iiiiiiiii.. . /.ill. Ill iii^* rhT--'f uMi p::} 'J z':l ,'■'1 llOO 300 200 100 195 1 J»MAMjj*SO«iOjPM*IIJJ«SOIlOjFltAyjJ*$ONO 1952 Jj-iik 1953 1954 ,lt*HJJ*SONOJ,MAllJj«SON0jFMAHJJ*SOND 1955 IMIL n 1956 J r HAM J> « SON 1957 I P M « H J J ft S O N RIO HONDO AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 49) 59 MISSION CREEK AT WHITTIER KAEROWS (STA. U9a) Sampling Point . Station k'^a. is located in Section 6 of Township 2 South, Range 11 \Jest, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank opposite the Los Angeles County Flood Control District's gaging station located immediately upstream from the San Gabriel Boulevard bridge, about two miles northwest of Montebello. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959« Water Quality Characteristics . Past analyses of this water reveal that bicarbonate is predominant among anions, and calcium and magnesium among cations. The water is usually excellent in mineral quality and meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. The water is moder- ately to very hard, and class 1 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes. None. ■60- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Haxljnum of Record Hlnlnum of Record MaxijQajn 1959 Miniinun 1959 Specific conductance (BlcrGahoe at ?5°C) Toiperature In °y DLsaolTsd oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation pH l,22l< T3 U.8 llU 8.5 351. 52 5.8 60 7.3 695 73 8.5 91. 7.9 U17 55 6.8 72 7.'« Mineral conatituents in parts per ■lllion Calclm (Ca) Magnesion (Kg) Sodium (Na) Potasslui (K) Carbonate (CWj) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (HOO Fluoride (P) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 92 39 63 9.2 lU 327 137 216 10.8 0.8 0.31 30 29 9 16 1, 17'' 21 9 2 20 6 00 8b 19 25 3.0 0.00 268 93 21 6.5 0.6, 0.26 20 U8 15 16 2.U 0.00 176 U9 9 2.9 0.5 0.00 20 Total dlS30lTed solids in parts per ■lllion Percent sodl\n Hardness as CaCOj in parts per allllon Total Noncarbonate rurbidity in parts per million 561 3^ 3i»9 122 < 25 252 10 155 2.5 UJiO 17 316 96 <25 315 10 18U 31 < 5 Collform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curias per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 7,000 0.58 0.76 13.3"* 8.65 1.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7,000 0.56 0.1*7 3.93 8.65 0.00 0.09 2.9't 2.26 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS '••nill I' o o ** OJ u rs « O CD o o ^t ■^ o o -^ S.3 CO 1,200 1,000 800 600 IkOO 200 ^-^■'■"^^v: r^j-.'V ':s:;: h =. Kt •'■■\r' ':^ ,..., MISSION CREEK AT WHITTIER NAR ROWS (STA. 49a) 61 San Gabriel River Basin The drainage area of the San Gabriel River system occupies the easterly portion of Los Angeles Region south of the San Gabriel Mountains. The watershed is comprised of about 375 square miles of mountains and foothills and approximately 210 square miles of valley and mesa lands, and has a total area of 585 square miles. The San Gabriel River system rises in the San Gabriel Mountains and drains San Gabriel Valley. The river flows across the most easterly portion of the Los Angeles Coastal Plain and discharges to San Pedro Bay at the Los Angeles County-Orange County line. The mean annual runoff of San Gabriel River Basin is about 35,080 acre-feet. There are several storage and flood control reservoirs control- ling flows of the San Gabriel River. Named in downstream order, they are Cogswell Reservoir on the West Fork of San Gabriel River; and San Gabriel Number One, Morris Reservoir, Santa Fe Flood Control Basin, and Whittier Narrows Flood Control Basin on the main channel. The Whittier Narrows Flood Control Basin also receives the flow of the upper reaches of Rio Hondo and its tributaries. Off-channel spreading grounds along Rio Hondo and San Gabriel River from the mountains to below the Whittier Narrows Flood Control Basin supplement the natural percolation from the stream channels to recharge ground water basins of the streajn system. At various times during 1959> Colorado River water was dis- charged to the San Gabriel River from a pipeline located Immediately downstream from San Bernardino Road for replenishment of the ground water basins In the coastal plain. -62- The two sampling stations maintained for monitoring surface water quality of the San Gabriel River are: Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion San Gabriel River at Azusa Powerhouse 6h San Gabriel River at Whittier Narrows 66 i I ■63- SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT AZUSA POWERHOUSE (STA. 50d) Sampling Point . Station 50d is located in Section 22 of Township 1 North, Range 10 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The river water was sampled at the tailrace of the Azusa power plant. Period of Record . March 1957 throiogh December 1959' Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 50d is excellent in quality, calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, moderately to very hard, and meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Significant Water Quality Changes . Increases of mineral content in samples collected in the late months of 1959 are associated with lower than normal stream flows. ■eh. WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maxlnuni of Record Mlnlnun of Racord| Maxljiium - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959 Specific conductance (i»lcromho8 at 25°C) 1*62 Tamparature in °F TV ntssolTed oxygen In parts par million lU.U Percent saturation 121 pH 8.l» 293 It62 315 1.7 71. 1.9 7.2 11.0 7.2 81 101 81 7.3 8.0 7.'» Mineral constltuenta in parts par million Calcium (Ca) 63 Magnesium (Mg) 16 Sodium (Na) 17 Potassivm (K) V.5 Carbonate (CO3) 17 Bicarbonate ((1003) 266 Sulfate (SOv) 30 Chloride (CI) 10 Nitrate (NO3) 3.2 Fluoride (K) 0.6 Boron (B) 0.23 Silica (Si02) 20 ^^ 53 ts 10 13 13 7 11 8.6 2.9 It. 5 '♦.2 0.00 O.OlJ 0.00 II18 264 171 18 2U 23 3 7 k 0.2 0.5 0.00 0.3 o.ii 0.3 0.00 O.oe 0.00 10 20 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per nillion 2U3 Percent sodiia Ik Hardness as CaC03 in parta per nillion Ttatal 238 Honcarbonate 106 Turbidity in parts par million 30 190 2l»3 230 6 13 8 lue 238 190 71 8 < 5 < 25 < 5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter 2li0 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter DissolTed alpha 0.17 Solid alpha 0.59 DissolTod beta 9-88 Solid beta 3 -81 < O.U5 2lt0 < 0.l»5 0.00 Bo Iteport in 1959 0.00 6.88 0.00 1 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1 500 - 1 _ ^ gj , — , S CM " "':■"^;':::.::t^^^:.v:... §- - - " g _ 300 - + ^? ,' i 1 .l cl T •Sii 200 --4- --- 8,-5 M ' - - 90 _ 80 - '""' _ I c. :::.] 70 _ _ 60 \ J^ 50 - a ito V \'' ' u m 20 . 10 u. . ... 1951 1952 1953 1954 19; >5 1956 1957 1958 1959 SAN GABRIEL RIVER ATAZUSA POWER HOUSE (STA. 50d) 65 SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 50) Sampling Point . Station 50 is located in Section 5 of Township 2 South, Range 11 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank, 200 feet beyond the end of San Gabriel Boulevard (Syphon Road), upstream from Whittier Narrows Dam. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The mineral content of San Gabriel River water at Station 50 is usually higher than that of the upper reaches of the river. The native water is calcium- sodium bicarbonate in character and very hard. It is generally class 1 for irrigation use and meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Occasionally, imported Colorado River water is released above this station to recharge the ground water basins. The sulfate concentration of Colorado River water at times causes the character of water at this station to shift to calcium- sodium sulfate. Significant Water Quality Changes . Specific conductance shows a trend of increasing values over the last six years of record; this character- istic may in part reflect the increasing releases of Colorado River water. -66- WATER QUALITY RANGES Iten Haxljauni of Record HlnljQum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcrorahos at 25°C) Temperature In °F Dl9solTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH 1,TO2 86 21.0 216 8.7 157 ••3 3.0 30 7.2 1,001 75 15-5 166 8.1. 91*1 1.9 6.6 68 7.7 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Hagnesiuni (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOk) Chloride (Cl) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 92 UU 109 10.0 19 307 333 112 23 0.6 0.1.5 30 23 5 7 2.9 0.00 103 2 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 89 33 86 8.2 19 261 263 81 23 0.5 0.U5 30 75 27 65 6.1 0.00 110 162 65 0.00 0.3 0.06 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per nllllon Percent sod inn Hardness as CaC03 In parte per nlUlon Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per nllllon 835 58 390 256 3,200 187 7D 16 < 5 61.8 36 3'.5 210 < 25 602 30 300 111 < 5 Coltform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2,U00 It.oU 0.96 12.89 7.97 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2U0 0.11 0.59 9.69 S.ll. < '..5 0.11 0.59 9.69 2.11. S.3 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ■ 1,1.00 1,200 1,000 800 600 1.00 200 500 IrfX) 300 Kj 'A H !i;;;r::-:^:;r:::' 'i \-\ 4 --\ \ 1951 ■I I II I I III rilAIIJjASONQjriiAMjjASOMO 1952 1953 im r rHAMJJ ASONO 1954 ' MAHJ J A 3OM0 1955 ■LLi'i^ll. r HAM J J A SONO 1956 .■'- 1 i:;;::;:; rHAIiJjASONO 1957 .. fmamjjasomO 1958 ili 1959 SAN GABRIEL RIVER AT WHITTIER NARROWS (STA. 50) 67 Los Angeles Aqueduct The Los Angeles Aqueduct, owned and operated by the City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, obtains water from the Mono Basin and Owens River Valley. The aqueduct delivers Sierra Nevada runoff water from the Lahontan Region to the City of Los Angeles 300 miles to the south, where it is sampled in Los Angeles Region. The surface water supply is supplemented at times by pumping water from wells in Owens Valley. During 1959^ "the aqueduct delivered about 322,000 acre- feet of water to Los Angeles. The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power samples the water once a month at the terminus of the aqueduct at Upper V£in Norman Reservoir near San Fernando and transmits the analyses to this depart- ment for use in the Quality of Siirface Waters reports. The monitoring station, Los Angeles Aqueduct near San Fernando, maintained for surveillance of quality of the imported water, is discussed on page 70. -69- LOS ANGELES AQUEDUCT NEAR SAW FERNAJnX) (STA. 70) Sampling Point . Station 70 is located in Section 30 of Township 3 North, Range 15 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Water samples from the aqueduct were collected at the inlet to Upper Van Norman Reservoir. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . This water is sodium- calcium bicarbonate in character, soft, and generally of excellent mineral quality for all uses; however, boron occasionally placed this water in class 2 for irrigation. Significant Water Quality Changes . The analyses for 1959 indicate a slight increase in mineral content, above the average of the prior record. The utilization of water from wells in the Owens Valley to supplement the soirface water supply is believed to be the probable cause. -70- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Specific conductance (ralororahos at ZS^C) Temperature In °F Dissolved oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magneslxun (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COi) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SiOj) Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodium Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million Coliforra in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Beta-Gamrra Majdjnum of Record 516 79 13.1 lai 9.2 29 7.5 58 6.U 8.0 39 26 1.0 0.8 0.78 28 259 8U 102 16 0.092 Minimum of Record 216 U2 6.8 70 7-5 19 U.l 25 3.0 0.00 80 17 11 0.00 o.u 0.21 17 159 in 68 0.00 Maximum - 1959 399 75 12.0 91 8.1. 29 7.5 kh 5.1 U 135 39 2U O.U 0.63 0.59 22 102 0.092 25.S Minimum - 1959 303 1.7 7.3 73 7.9 5.8 32 1 109 18 18 0.00 o.uo 0.30 17 6U < 1 1.02 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS C o iil 600 500 uoo 300 100 ■:xc ■1 ^rvj (1 \ \.^ i'?r LOS ANGELES AQUEDUCT NEAR SAN FERNANDO (STA. 70) Colorado River Aqueduct The Colorado River Aqueduct is sampled at La Verne to monitor the quality of raw Colorado River water entering the F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant at La Verne, California, in Los Angeles Region. A monthly composite sample of the raw water inflow is collected by The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and analyzed in its laboratory. The approximate average flow of raw water through the softening and filtration plant is about UOO cfs. Total flow through the plant was about 290,000 acre-feet in 1959. The monitoring station, Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne, maintained for surveillance of the quality of the imported Colorado River • water is discussed on page 7^- -73- COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT AT LA VERNE (STA. 69) Sampling Point . This station is situated in Section 6 of Township 1 South, Range 9 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Raw water monthly composite samples are taken by The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California of the inflow of Colorado River water to the F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant at La Verne. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water is calcium-sodium sulfate in character, usually class 1 for irrigation, and very hard. The water meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents except that sulfate slightly exceeds the recommended limit of 250 ppm. Significant Water Quality Changes . Analyses of water for 1959 show that the water has decreased in mineral content from the average for the years 1955 through 1958. -7^- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maximum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2S°C) 1,265 Temperature in °F 79 Dissolved oxygen in parts par million U.- Percent saturation X30 PH 8.5 32't 990 E^U 51 79 5^ 6.8 82 8.1 8.S 6.3 Mineral constitnenta in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 126 Magnesium (Mg) 35 Sodium (Ha) 123 Potassium (K) 9.0 Carbonate (CO3) lU Bicarbonate (HCO3) 156 Sulfate (SOi.) 367 Chloride (CI) 111 Nitrate (NO3) 2.0 Fluoride (F) O.U Boron (B) 0.7 Silica (Si02) 11.2 72 85 76 25 27 25 31 90 80 2.5 5 "* 0.0 k 1 109 Ikk 12U 260 275 260 6k 78 6U 0.0 2.0 0.5 0.2 O.U 0.3 0.07 0.16 0.16 3.8 11 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 830 Percent sodium 1*2 Hardness as CaC03 in parts per nilllon Total 397 Noncarbonate 267 Turbidity in parts per million k.6 603 630 603 36 39 36 297 313 297 189 198 189 1.1 U.6 1.1 Collform In most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Oross Alpha 6.9 Gross Beta 33. a.9 ii.6 2.9 I4.6 20.U 7.7 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ! 1 ,1 1 ■ •''""■■'■' ""\ •■•■, -■.. ..-'"T" -' ■'; a ■; 1 - 200 ' 1 ■ t ^ = -K- --f - -♦ ion Ml ij, ',.,,., 1 1 __ ... ___ _ 1 11 ' Tota 1 * 1 L,,'.. . , ,. 1 1 1 D~ 1,200 -1 L m m TT go ' ! ^ ^ ["'' ^ ^IW^-"*,^ due at i 1 i ' ■ [| ^ nirn- «>•■■' 00 , 1 ' 1 ; ! i ^ I. Unn i: ll 1 li peel (mlc .__ 1 1 L - I-} -1+-^ + -1 1 ! 1 1 !l:il 1... ... . 1... 1 i { i: ii 1 jrtl*lt^j«SOM04fH*M..j*SOW0jritAUjj*'. ONOj'MAMJJASOMOjfMaM-' J«SaNC>'rUAHjJ*SOND.'FM«HJJASON0jFtl*HjtASO>«0J»M»Mjj«SON0 1951 1952 1953 1954 19 55 1956 1957 1958 1959 COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT AT LA VERNE {STA.69) 75 station Number U5b k6 h6a k6c h6di k6e hi ka h9 U9a 50 50d 61 69 70 STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS LOS AJIGELES REGION {NO, U) Station Number Station Name U5b Matilija Creek above Dam k6 Santa Clara River at Los Angeles- Ventura County Line h6a Santa Clara River near Santa Paula h6c Piru Creek near Piru k6d. Sespe Creek near Fillmore ^e Santa Paula Creek near Santa Paula ^7 Los Angeles River at Figueroa Sti^et Ua Los Angeles River at Pacific Coast Highway 1^9 Rio Hondo at Whittter Narrows '+9a Mission Creek at Whittler Narrows 50 San Gabriel River at Whittler Narrows 50d San Gabriel River at Azusa Power House 6l Ventura River near Ventura 69 Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne 70 Los Angeles Aqueduct near San Fernando INOUSIItUl WAtTt aiiGHmeE SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS Lahontan Region (No. 6) The Lahontan Region (No. 6) extends from the Oregon-California border to the San Bernardino Mountains, between the Sierra Nevada on the west and the California- Nevada state boundary on the east. The region covers an area of about 33,000 square miles, 10,000 square miles of which are valley and mesa lands. The length, north to south, is about 500 miles, and the width varies from less than 20 miles in the north, to over 170 miles across the Mojave Desert and Antelope Valley in the south. The terrain is characterized by basins of interior drainage, or sinks, surrounded by mountains. The eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada Range and the White Mountains dominate the mountainous portions of the region. The southern part of the Lahontan Region is arid, and precipita- tion is generally light, but storms of severe intensities have caused locally damaging floods. The estimated mean seasonal runoff in the region is 3,177,000 acre-feet, most of which comes from the Sierra Nevada. The principal streams in the region are the Susan, Truckee, Carson, Walker, Owens, and Mojave Rivers. To maintain surveillance of surface water quality in the region, 12 stations have been established. The names of the sources and the number of sampling stations on each (in parentheses) are shown in the following tabulation. Susan River (l) Carson River (2) Lake Tahoe (3) Walker River (2) Truckee River (2) Mojave River (2) The sources other than the Mojave River are in Northern California, and are discussed in Part I of this bulletin, published separately. -77- Lahontan Region (No. 6) The Lahontan Region (No. 6) extends from the Oregon-California border to the San Bernardino Mountains, between the Sierra Nevada on the west and the California-Nevada state boundary on the east. The region covers an area of about 33>000 square miles, 10,000 square miles of which are valley and mesa lands. The length, north to south, is about 500 miles, and the width varies from less than 20 miles in the north, to over 170 miles across the Mojave Desert and Antelope Valley in the south. The terrain is characterized by basins of interior drainage, or sinks, surrounded by mountains. The eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada Range and the White Mountains dominate the mountainous portions of the region. The southern part of the Lahontan Region is arid, and precipita- tion is generally light, but storms of severe intensities have caused locally damaging floods. The estimated mean seasonal runoff in the region is 3> 177, 000 acre-feet, most of which comes from the Sierra Nevada. The principal streams in the region are the Susan, Truckee, Carson, Walker, Owens, and Mojave Rivers. To maintain surveillance of surface water quality in the region, 12 stations have been established. The names of the sources and the number of sampling stations on each ( in parentheses) are shown in the following tabulation. Susan River (l) Carson River (2) Lake Tahoe (3) Walker River (2) Truckee River (2) Mojave River (2) The sources other than the Mojave River are in Northern California, and are discussed in Part I of this bulletin, published separately . ■77- Mojave River Basin The Mojave River Basin lies in the southeastern portion of the Lahontan Region. It occupies about ^,900 square miles comprised of about 1,^00 square miles of valley and mesa lands and about 3j500 square miles of mountainous terrain. The source of the Mojave River is at Lake Arrowhead in the San Bernardino Mountains . The outflow from the lake travels down Deep Creek to the Mojave River at The Forks, which is at the northern base of the mountains. From The Forks, the river flows northerly through the desert, past Victorville, to Bars tow. From Bars tow the course is generally easterly to Soda Dry Lake, an interior sink. During years of normal precipitation, surface flow ceases below The Forks after the spring runoff and the only surface flow in the lower reaches of the Mojave River appears as rising water (outflow from the upstream ground water basin) near Victorville. The average annual runoff of the Mojave River at The Forks is estimated to be about 80,000 acre-feet. Most of the water used in the Mojave River Basin comes from wells. However, some surface diversions of the rising water below Victorville is used for irrigation. Irrigated agriculture is sparsely developed in the Mojave River Basin; it exists primarily along the river where depths to ground water are small. Railroad yards and shops in Barstow and cement mills in Victorville and Oro Grande represent the major industrial activities in the basin. There are military establishments in Nebo, Daggett, and Yermo. -78- The major waste discharges to the river channel are treated effluents from the sewage treatment plants of the Cities of Barstow (0.8 mgd) and Victorville (0.9 nigd). Industrial waste waters discharged to percolation ponds in the river channel from the railroad shop and yards in Barstow amount to about 0.2 mgd. Minor discharges of domestic wastes to the river from the recreational developments in the headwaters area have little influence on surface water quality. The monitoring stations maintained for surveillance of surface water quality in the Mojave River are: Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Mojave Fiver at The Forks 80 Mojave River near Victorville 82 -79- MOJAVE RIVER AT THE FORKS (STA. 67a) Sampling Point . Station 67a is located in Section l8 of Township 3 North, Range 3 West, San Bernardino Base auid Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bajik 100 feet downstream from the confluence of Deep Creek and the West Fork of the Mojave River. Period of Record . July 1957 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is suit- able for most beneficial uses, soft to moderately hard, and class 1 for irrigation. It is usually sodium-calcium bicarbonate in character. Mineral content varies greatly, and is dependent on quantity of flow. Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality has changed very little in the past two and one-half years of record. In September 1959^ fluorides reached a value of 2.7 ppm, exceeding the mandatory limit of 1.5 ppm in drinking water. -00- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itan Maxlmura of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnloiun - 1959 Specific conductance (micromhos at 25°C) SW Temperature in °F 77 Dl9»olved oxygen in parts par million 11.0 Percent saturation 101 pH 8.U lOlt lt93 lUii Uo 76 itO 5-0 U.O 5.0 59 100 59 7.0 8.U 7.6 Mineral constituents in pal ts per million Calcium (Ca) 31 Magnesium (Mg) 8 Sodium (Na) 56 Potassium (K) 8.8 Carbonate (CO3) 0.00 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 293 Sulfate (SOv) 98 Chloride (CI) S"* Nitrate (NO3) 2.7 Fluoride (F) 3.0 Boron (B) 0.21 Silica (Si02) 50 12 31 13 2.1 8 U 6.6 56 11 1.0 U.3 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 50 293 71 5.7 96 5.7 1 3"* 6 0.00 0.5 0.00 0.1 2.7 0.2 0.00 0.21 0.00 15 30 15 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 309 Percent sodiiM 56 Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million Total 1U7 Noncarbonate fc Turbiditr in parts per million 60 90 309 102 22 52 33 39 1''7 U9 It 0.00 <5 <25 <5 Coliform in most probable number per mmiliter 62 Radioactivltj in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha O.6I Solid alpha O.36 mssolved beta 8.96 Solid beta 3.97 0.U5 62.0 0.1(5 0.17 o.a 0.17 0.00 0.36 0.35 0.00 U.6O 0.00 0.00 3.97 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1 600 ,. 1 500 4 11 t\ »— Uoo ._. .1 p i c ■^Cv ._ ._.._._. ... __... . _ ^* 300 ^ _ ^ i ^ n "1 :::::: Vr'Vl, ^1 z: u 200 - - t\ t 11 ;""/ /" 100 1 . 1 300 ___ "" ' tI ^ " " . -. - - 7- 200 ji 1 u _. ^ 1 S 100 ::- \ y n :::::::::::::::: :r ^ 3 -. •...■' l■^., Z ''..('■ J»SOItO JfMAMjJASOMO JUtAMJJ A SOMO jf»i»l«J J «$OM0 J'HaHJ >*SONa 1951 1952 1953 195'J 191 55 1956 1957 1958 1959 MOJAVE RIVER AT THE FORKS (STA. 67o ) 81 MOJAVE RIVER NEAR VICTORVILLE (STA. 67) Sampling Point . Station 67 is located in Section 29 of Township 6 North, Range k West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The surface water was sampled from the left bank at the United States Geological Survey gage, three miles northwest of Victorville and 5OO feet upstream from the old U. S. Highway 66 bridge across the Lower Narrows. Period of Record . March 1951 through December 1959' Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 67 is calcium- sodium bicarbonate in character, meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents, and is soft to moderately hard. It is class 1 water for irrigation use, and meets mineral quality standards for drinking water. Significant Water Quality Changes . The uniform gradual increase in mineral content apparent in the first seven years of the period of record was reversed in I958 as the result of higher than normal precipitation rates in the 1957-I958 rainfall season, and larger volumes of flow. Thunderstorms in the 1958-I959 rainfall season resulted in greater than normal rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the river, and the improvement in mineral content was maintained through the year. -82- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Haxlmum of Record Hlnlnun of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnijiiun - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 2500) Tanperature in °F Dissolved oxygen In parts per Billion Percent saturation pH Hlneral constltnenta In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Kg) Sodium (Na) Potass! cm (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate {HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) nuoride (?) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 520 91 13-5 112 8.3 122 Ul 5.'« 60 7-5 U68 78 13.5 112 8.2 350 Ul 60 15 "•5 3.2 12 193 52 35 1.7 0.6 0.17 50 15 5 9.1 1.2 0.00 69 11 5 0.2 0.1 0.00 15 Ul 10 U5 3.2 12 193 38 32 1-7 0.6 0.10 25 38 9 36 1.8 0.00 I2U 33 11 0.3 0.3 0.00 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodiia Hardness as CaOOj in parts par allllon Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 311 h9 127 26 288 U9 261 36 83 Oo It e 6 o * KEY MAP *• Sta Num 6' 6 LEGEND 0^^° SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION ■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE ▲ INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE °o- STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN DISTRICT SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS LAHONTAN REGION (NO 6) 1959 SCALE Of MILES 10 ■h- .^^ station Number 67a STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS LAHOIWAN REGION (NO. 6) Station Name Mojave River near Victorvllle Mojave River at the Forks f » ' ^^-^ PLATE 3 .. "■ .. ''■■'o .-? - * ,.'■* ■'■> 0° ,•> °'' ,'" _,■>■ '"■•o- ^ A /A ■,%-" / ISAi X s/^ /^. , /j>:^' 'YN if^^^sZ'' ' T A Ai *"^ # "A\AA^' /^ AA "A ^*- paJ / '■■••*. ^ A '/A'A" /^>^, r^^^^ ^"v AA /- ^^^ Aa s A ^>A"'"'"A: -.. ^-^.^ -^A ^^^AfAA / AA A^^ KEY MAP ^>/^/^^i/ ^N<{ ^ / ||k/ //\ ''^"/rTAx •ZA^t^^^^^^ «^ / \A Ak/ /A%A /AJiA vO '"*■. '"•:. A^^ > A"? 8K. /^J A AAA AA% /^^ A AA X. ^A^vA/ A^ /^^ LEGEND #•'• »«««« **!£« UMlTOKlHi: sr»ipo« ■ trX'Se "in DUC-ltOE '•»•- ^s/^^>( /^~/ /S^ A*^^^ r^ AV ^K //" °/'^/ ~\^A / iP"-*^. ■"•v v4-,A\/A/ /A ■^?^^> W AA 4r //% * '"•••'- / / *i /A^'^^^ ^^r DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES ' SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING AJ>^^9 .%"%^ PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS * / / ' lf/C>^ /' LAHONTAN REGION (NO fii * V * ^^ \/ flf* *^» / 1959 / / s > /*^*' # ^**f{ * ,i / SC*lC Of HILEt « 10 » ( -p %+, V '•■j^ ^ l^i ^ 1 "*v Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) The Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) is located in the south- eastern portion of California. It extends from a series of mountain ranges on the north which separate it from the Lahontan Region, approxi- mately 150 miles to the United States-Mexico International Boundary; and from the San Bernardino, San Jacinto and Peninsular Mountain ranges on the west to the California-Arizona State Line on the east, an average distance of about 125 miles. The area of the region is about 19,370 square miles, half of which consists of isolated mountains and mountain ranges, and the remainder of valleys and mesas. The climate is arid and most of the area is desert. The principal drainage in this region is to the Salton Sea, a saline interior drainage lake. Its principal tributary is the Whitewater River which rises in the San Bernardino Mountains and flows southeasterly through Coachella Valley to the Salton Sea. The New and Alamo Rivers are perennial streams composed primarily of irrigation drainage water and sewage that flow northerly from the Mexican Border to the Salton Sea. Other than these two rivers other drainage to the Salton Sea including the Whitewater River is intermittent. Another major portion of this region drains to the Colorado River, the boundary between California and Arizona. The principal regu- lating reservoir on the Colorado River in this region is Lake Havasu, impounded by Parker Dam. "Water is also exported from Lake Havasu through the Colorado River Aqueduct to the coastal portion of Southern California (Regions U, 8, and 9) • Colorado River water is also used extensively for irrigation along the river and in Imperial and Coachella Valleys. -85- Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) The Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) is located in the south- eastern portion of California. It extends from a series of mountain ranges on the north which separate it from the Lahontan Region, approxi- mately 150 miles to the United States-Mexico International Boundary; and from the San Bernardino, San Jacinto and Peninsular Mountain ranges on the west to the California-Arizona State Line on the east, an average distance of about 125 miles. The area of the region is about 19,370 square miles, half of which consists of isolated mountains and mountain ranges, and the remainder of valleys and mesas. The climate is arid and most of the area is desert. The principal drainage in this region is to the Salton Sea, a saline interior drainage lake. Its principal tributary is the Whitewater River vrtiich rises in the San Bernardino Mountains and flows southeasterly through Coachella Valley to the Salton Sea. The New and Alamo Rivers are perennial streeims composed primarily of irrigation drainage water and sewage that flow northerly from the Mexican Border to the Salton Sea. Other than these two rivers other drainage to the Salton Sea including the Whitewater River is intermittent. Another major portion of this region drains to the Colorado River, the boundary between California and Arizona. The principal regu- lating reservoir on the Colorado River in this region is Lake Havasu, impounded by Parker Dam. "Water is also exported from Lake Havasu through the Colorado River Aqueduct to the coastal portion of Southern California (Regions h, 8, and 9) • Colorado River water is also used extensively for irrigation aJ-ong the river and in Imperial and Coachella Valleys. -85- The remainder of the Colorado River Basin Region, about 3'+ percent of the area, drains to interior dry lakes or sinks and is typically desert, subject to torrential flash floods but without peren- nial streams. The economy of the region is predominantly agricultural, and much of the urban development is an adjunct of the agricultural commu- nity. Agriculture in the Colorado River Basin Region is primarily dependent on the diversion and distribution of Colorado River water for irrigation. Limited local use of ground water for irrigation is practiced in Coachella, Lucerne, and Borrego Valleys, located in the northern and western parts of the region. A few large desert resort communities are situated in the northern portion of Coachella Valley. Fourteen stations are employed in the Colorado River Basin Region to monitor surface water quality. The following tabulation shows the names of the sources monitored and, in parentheses, the number of stations maintained on each source: Colorado River (6) New River (2) All American Canal (l) Alamo River (2) Whitewater River (2) • Salton Sea (l) The Colorado River stations are monitored by the Department of Water Resources, Southern District, and sampled twice a year. The remaining surface sources are visited at two-month intervals. One station at Lake Havasu maintained by The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California monitors the quality of water diverted to the Colorado River Aqueduct. The analyses of monthly samples collected at this station are furnished the department for use in the surveillance -86- program. Additional samples are collected and analyzed by the United States Public Henlth Service for several other stations on the Colorado River. These analyses are included in this report. -87- Colorsido River Basin The Coloreido River Basin in California is located in the eastern part of the Colorado River Basin Region. The Colorado River drains portions of seven states, a total drainage area in the United States of about 258,000 square miles. The portion of the Colorado River Basin in California is about i^, 300 square miles in extent of which 1,200 square miles are mountains and foothills and 3,100 square miles are valleys and mesas. The Colorado River is the eastern boundary of California for about ifOO miles; it flows southerly between Arizona and California into Mexico and to the Gulf of California. The natural unimpaired average annual runoff of the Colorado River above the Gila River is about l6, 000, 000 acre-feet. However, since 1935 when Hoover Dam was placed in operation, the river flows have been regulated to supply the needs of downstream water users. Other major reservoirs regulating the river flows are Lake Mojave and Lake Havasu. Water is diverted to the Colorado River Aqueduct at Lake Havasu for export to coastal Southern California, at Palo Verde for irrigation of the Palo Verde Valley, and at Imperial Dam for irrigation of the Imperial and Coachella Valleys. The City of Needles sewage treatment plant discharge of about 2.5 ingd is the only major waste discharge to the river within California. The naunes of the stations maintained for surveillance of the quality of Colorado River water are: -88- Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Colorado River near Topock, Arizona 90 Colorado River at Colorado River Aqueduct Intake 92 Colorado River below Parker Dam 9I4. Coloreido River near Blythe 96 All American Canal near Pilot Knob 98 Colorado River at Yuma, Arizona 100 Colorado River below Morelos Dam, Mexico 102 -89- COLORADO RIVER NEAR TOPOCK, ARIZONA (STA. ^h) Sampling Point . Station 5^ is located in Section 8 of Tovmship 7 North, Range 2k East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sajnples were collected from the right bank on the California side at the United States Geological Survey gage on the high pressure gas-line bridge farthest downstream from the Highway 66 bridge. Period of Record . April 1951 through September 1959- Water Quality Chetracteristics . The water at this station is sodiiira- calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, and very hard. The mineral content meets drinking water standards with the excep- tion of sulfate, which slightly exceeds the recommended limit. Significant Water Quality Changes . None . -90- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item Maximum of Record MiniJtun of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C) 1>295 Temperature In °F 76 ni38olTed oxygen In parts per million 15-5 Percent saturation i-^'i pH 8.5 757 991 939 W 76 TD 6.8 8.0 7.8 78 95 87 7.5 7.9 7.8 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) 116 Magnesium (Mg) 36 Sodium (Na) 116 Potassium (K) 5.2 Carbonate (COi) 10 Bicarbonate (HCO3) I8I Sulfate (SOl) 356 Chloride (CI) 107 Nitrate (NOj) U.5 Fluoride (F) 0.7 Boron (B) 0.26 Silica (Si02) 20 71 83 82 26 29 26 68 87 7li 2.9 U U.l 0.00 0.00 l'»5 161 1U5 2U6 261 252 50 77 75 0.00 2.8 1.7 0.09 O.U 0.3 0.00 0.12 O.OU 5 10 8 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 858 Percent sodlvm liO Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million Total 397 Noncarbonate 258 Turbidity in parts per million 60 588 66U 630 33 37 3'» 250 323 Ilk 12U 195 191 < 5 < 5 < 5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter 700,000 Radioactivitj in micro-micro curies par liter Dissolved alpha 2.118 Solid alpha I.08 Dissolved beta I3.96 Solid beta 9-25 0.1*5 6.2 0.6 0.72 0.08 0.18 0.00 13.96 1..75 1.1*1 1.37 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ■■ l,U ji i i TT T ;;;:::::::::::::::::::::;;:;:::::::r:;:::::::::::: 1,000 ..-::i.i::'..\..± =:::::=,:::!!.... J:x.,/ \ St: s::5.s .'.■■.:'.'.. Si. s 1 / o'^ 600 J M- ' •00 V i o'i 600 - -- - 1^ ^^ 1)00 200 - - - __ ?■? "O''' J,. 20,000 ^ ■■■^: - ....::s ..::' /\ 15,000 - I ;:::;:""::::": z ^ J,.,.,,. i 1 L - « 10,000 - " a "1 " 5,000 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 COLORADO RIVER NEAR TOPOCK (STA. 54 ) 91 COLORADO RIVER AT COLORADO RIVER AQUEDUCT IIWAKE (STA. 56d) Sampling Point . Station 56d is located in Section 28 of Township 3 North, Range 27 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected frcan the right bank of Lake Havasu at the intake to the Colorado River Aqueduct, 1.5 miles upstreaira from Parker Dajn. Period of Record . November 1953 through December 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . Colorado River water at Station 56d is calcium- sodium sulfate in character and very hard, with moderate concen- trations of dissolved solids. Sulfate, with a median of 273 ppm for the 6-year period of record, exceeds the recommended limit for drinking water. The water is class 1 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959, the quality of the water was about the same as that in 1958> which showed improvement over that of the previous four years of record. Analysis of the radioactivity of the water indicated the solid beta activity was il72 uuc/l on Jsuiuary 1^+, 1959. ■92- yuATcp QUALITY RANGE'S Limits from Metropolitan Water District Itm Maxlmm of R*cord Hlniam of Record MaxlBun - 1959 Mlnlnw - 1959 Specific conduetanoe (Blcroahoe «t 25oC) 1,295 Teeqperature In "F 6? DlssolTod ozTgoi in parts par Billion Percent saturation pH 6-5 922 990 922 50 65 52 7.2 8.5 7.'' Kineral eonstitnsnta in parts per million Calcioa (Ca) 10* HagneelUB (Ng) 36 Sodiv (Ra) 122 Pot«3sl»i h) 6 Carbonate (CO3) 6 Bicarbonate (6(303) 1^ Sulfate (SOv) 370 Chloride (CI) 112 nitrate (IIO3) 2.6 nuorlde (K) 0.4 Boron (B) Silica (3102) l?.** 75 85 75 a* 27 2fc 1 "l 1 050 111 lUB 111 2»i8 273 246 64 78 6k 0.4 2.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 6.3 U 10 Total dissolved solids in parts par Hllllon 8^ Percent sodii* VX Hardness as Ca003 in porta par allllon Total k02 Moncarbooate 268 Turbidity in parts per ■lllion 25 376 639 580 34 39 34 277 340 266 165 200 166 0.2 25 0.4 Coltfont in aost probable nunber par milliliter EUdloactlTlt7 In ■icro-olcro curies par liter mssolTed alpha Solid alpha '"^ DlssolTed beta , ,, _ Solid beta ^3^-5 1.9 5.4 3-0 4.4 21.2 13.0 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1 .1 1 1 t t " " i i,linfi 1,200 - - ^.1 "1;::;: ;;::;;;'■;■ « . •• - , 1,000 1 -■..■■■■■ \ T T s-" ii ' |;j 800 _L m u a 600 _ S," ...1 4 _ llOO 200 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 COLORADO RIVER AT COLOR INTAKE (S ADO RIVER AQUEDUCT TA 56d) 93 COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM (STA. 55) Sampling Point . Station 55 is located in Section l6 of Township 2 North, Range 27 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sanrples were collected from the right bank on the California side at the River Lodge boat dock, which is one mile upstream from the United States Geological Survey gage and three miles downstream from Parker Dam. Period of Record . April I95I through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . Past analyses show this water to be sodium-calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character and very hard. The water is class 1 for irrigation, and meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents, except that sulfate exceeds the recommended limit. Significant Water Quality Changes. None. ■9h- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Specific conductance (nlcromhos at 25''C) Tonperaturo in *^F DlseolTed oxygen in [>arts par million Percent saturation pH Maxljiium of Record 1,368 81 97 105 8.1. Hlnijnoi of Record TTl 66 6.0 73 7.2 NaxlHun - 1957 963 76 7.2 77 6.0 HlnlAM - 1959 gkz 69 6.2 73 6.0 Mineral conatituenta in parts per million CalclUB (Ca) Ma^asium (Hg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COi) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (HOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 110 36 120 1*2 10 183 360 109 5.0 0.7 0.30 20 75 25 72 2.9 0.00 uo 226 52 0.00 0.00 0.05 5 81 30 86 1>2 0.00 isv 265 76 2.5 0.30 0.12 10 Total dlssolTsd solids In parts per nllllon Percent sodl\a Hardness as CaCO^ in parte par ailllon Ttotal Koncarbonate TarWdity In parts per million 850 l«0 399 265 25 560 3* 256 186 < 5 67* 37 327 201 < 5 Collfona in aost probable maber per ■illlllter RadloaotiTlty In nlcro-mlcro c\iries per liter msBOlTsd alpha Solid alpha Qlssolred beta Solid beta 77 1-29 0.82 12.63 J.Ik 0.0U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.3 0.72 0.62 2.05 7-2» TJ 26 75 w.o 0.00 IkO 256 75 1.2 0.3 0.05 9 630 307 197 < 5 0.2 0.36 0.5* 0.06 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS uoo 200 o a u o V. u 800 / *^ i '"■' .'.'.'.','.'.'.. uoo . L - _)_ J-. COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM (STA. 55) 95 COLORADO RIVER NEAR BLITHE (STA. 56c) Sampling Point . Station 56c is located in Section 2 of Township 7 South, Range 23 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saimples vrere collected 0.5 mile downstream from the U. S. 6O-7O Highway bridge from the boat dock on the California side. Period of Record . May 1953 through 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium- calcixim sulfate-bicarbonate in character, very hard, and class 1 for irrigation. The mineral constituents meet drinking water standards except for sulfate, which slightly exceeds the recommended limit of 250 ppm. Significant Water Quality Changes . The slight improvement in mineral quality which occurred in 1958 was maintained in 1959* -96- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ite Specific conduct«nc« (alcroahoa it 25°C) l^i^Mrature In "P DlsaolTsd cu^Tian In part* per Billion Parcait saturation pH HaxlMun of Record Hinlna of Record Haidnujn 1959 HinlBin - 1959 1,290 82 8.6 105 8-3 9W 70 7.0 87 7-7 1.019 78 7.6 87 7.9 9i>8 73 7.2 87 7.6 Hlnsril conatitoants in parts par Billion Calcitat (Ca) Nacneelm (Hf) Sodim (la) Potaaslni (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (BOO3) Sulfate (SOi^) Chloride (CI) ■ItraU (HOj) noorlda (F) Boron (B) Silica (3i02) lOk 36 121 5-6 Ik 172 361. 116 k.S 0.8 0.22 20 78 26 81 U.O 0.0 ll»9 263 71 0.7 0.3 0.06 5 85 29 90 It.li 0.0 159 273 85 2.1 0.5 0.13 20 83 26 88 '..3 0.0 1'.9 266 80 1.5 0.3 0.10 8 Total diaaolrad solida in parts per Billion f^ u a ut aodiiB Wanlnaaii as Ca003 in parts p«r Blllioa Tbtal ■oocarbonata Tarfaidi^ in parts par Billion 910 liO 396 261> 629 3". 310 la < 5 690 38 327 197 < 25 657 37 319 197 < 5 Colifom in Boat probable noaber per Billilitar Kadioactlrlty in Bicro-alcro caries par liter Diaaolrad alpha SoUd alpla DlssolTad bata SoUd bata 6.2 0.86 11.06 5.32 0.l»5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.2 0.51 0.3U 10.71 1.88 2.3 0.17 0.00 5.26 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ,_ 1,600 » u Is 1,200 u 800 koo COLORADO RIVER NEAR BLYTHE (STA 56c 97 ALL AMERICAN CANAL NEAR PILOT KNOB (STA. 56a) Sampling Point . Station 56a is located in Section 2k of Township I6 South, Range 21 East, San Bernardino Base and MeridiaJi. Samples were collected from the left bank just upstream from the Highway 80 bridge over the canal, 5 miles west of the Yuma bridge. Period of Record . May 1953 through 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The canal water at Station 56a is sodium- calcium sulfate -bicarbonate in character and very hard. Except for moder- ately high sulfate concentrations, the water meets drinking W3.ter standards for mineral constituents. Total dissolved solids and specific conductance values generally place this water in class 2 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . In I958 the mineral quality of the water improved over that of the previous years of record and the improve- ment was maintained in 1959* -98- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita« Maxlnum of Record HlnljMH of R«cord|^ M»)cli«uj« - 1959 | HlnlJMi - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 2SOC) 1,353 Temperature In °r 8U Dissolved oxygen in parts par million 10.0 Percent saturation 119 pH 6.U 961 1,116 1,095 65 81. 65 5.5 8.2 5.5 71 66 71 7.8 6.2 8.2 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 101 Magnesium (Mg) Itl Sodium (Na) 132 Potassiw (K) 6.2 Carbonate (CO-j) 10 Bicarbonate (HCO3) I77 Sulfate (SOr) 365 Chloride (CI) I3I Nitrate (NO3) U.5 Fluoride (F) O.7 Boron (B) O.9 Silica (3102) 20 82 92 87 26 26 26 93 106 108 U.O U.6 U.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 15U 171 159 260 292 a60 61 106 101 0.70 1.5 1.0 O.U 0.5 0.5 0.10 0.12 0.12 5 20 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 93I1 Percent sodivB hs Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million Total U05 Noncarbonate 365 Turbidity in parts per million < 25 663 785 726 36 Ul UO 311 3U5 332 180 205 202 < 5 < 25 < 25 Collforra in most probable number per ■llliliter 2U0 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha O.63 Solid alpha I.55 Dissolved beta 16.72 Solid beta 18.36 0.U5 23 2.3 0.00 0.83 0.25 0.00 0.51 0.36 0.00 9.56 9.29 0.00 3.a 2.oe WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1,1*00 T I 1 = :::!_:. 1,200 .. .. t:::: LK ' 1,000 J. e'' tj e • - - _ i: 800 1 1 • T Q 1 il 600 1 "■a ... . -^ aoo .. 1 '■■ . fi 6,000 !::, -lN ./ ::: ,/... .. . \..i'_. i k.OOO --. a 2,000 I9SI 1992 IMS I9S4 193 3 I99« l»S7 I9M I9M ALL AMERICAN CANAL NEAR P LOT KNOB(STA 56o) 99 COLORADO RIVER AT YUMA, ARIZONA (STA. 56) Sampling Point . Station 56 is located in Section 36 of Township I6 South, Rsjige 22 East, San Bernaa-dino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank, Arizona side, at the old Highway 80 "bridge, O.k mile north of the United States Geological Survey gage. Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is sodium-calcium sulfate-hicarbonate in character and very hard. Total dissolved solids usually place this water in class 2 for irrigation. Mineral constituents meet drinking water standards except for sulfate, which has exceeded the recommended limit of 25O ppm throughout the nine year period of record. Significant Water Quality Changes. None. -100- WATER QUALITY RANGES Umit. f«- dwr Analyse, oai. Itea HarUum of Racord Hlnlflua of Recordj Hazlaun - 1959 Hlnljna - 19^9 Specific conductance (■ioro«hoo at 25°C) 1,582 TeBperature In "7 91 nisoolTed oxygen In parts par Billion 8.8 Percent satxiratlon 106 PH 9.2 833 i,2ii7 1,199 52 86 52 6.0 8.0 6.0 71 89 79 7.0 9.2 7.0 Mineral conatitnenta In parts per alllion Calcl» (Ca) lli Magnesium (Mg) U5 Sodium (Na) 168 Potasslaa h) 6.U Carbonate (OOj) 10 Bicarbonate {HCO3) 220 SuUate (SOv) 38I Chloride (CI) 176 Nitrate (NO3) 3.5 Fluoride (F) 0.8O Boron (B) O.56 Silica (3102) 20 76 97 90 ae 32 31 92 127 120 3.3 '••8 U.6 0.00 0.00 0.00 137 190 171 252 309 299 58 160 92 0.00 1.5 0.5 0.1 0.5 o.u 0.02 0.16 O.lU 0.00 10 10 Total dlssolTed solids in parts par aillion 1,050 Percent sodlvM It7 Hardness as Ca003 in parts per Billion Ttotal It62 Noncarbonate 279 Turbidity in parts par Billion *5 6U2 870 802 39 1*2 U2 a61t 39l» 261* 189 218 212 < 5 I*? 18 Colifora in aost probable mnber per ■illilitar 70,000 Radioactivity in alcro-Bicro curies per liter DissolTed alpha O.97 Solid alpha 2.2U Dissolved beta 10 .80 Solid beta 17.68 0.1: 75 o.k 0.00 OM O.Ul 0.00 o.i»5 O.Ul 0.00 7.63 2.67 0.00 1.35 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS • ■[J- 1,600 J. - 3 t/N ♦,0J -... ----__..__... _ ..__.-.._-_ ./-: N ., -■ s ■g " 1,200 ...J, ^(_ "■ ... - - "1 '::'!^:i,./. <:::::::::::;::::::;"_ . ^ ^1 ^/ ■■«.. ,'' tt 800 _ \: ii uoo 20 , . 16 !^. . .1 t ■ - / T „ ''" 1 „8 12 1...^, 5 8 iT I ^: ...11 ..r: 5fi 8 : i.\— u J ..,,..,. .\ >. L ..L, <:''::-. r-\ / i 1' ^ t ........10.. ...... J.. 0.0. >..«... JO. <.—.-... 50.0,.. — ,, 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 COLORADO RIVER AT YUMA (STA,56) 101 COLORADO RIVER BELOW MORELOS DAM (STA. 56b) Sampling Point . Station 56b is located in Section 28 of Township 8 South, Range 2k West, Gila and Salt Mver Base and Meridian. Samples were taken from the left bank, Arizona side, 0.25 mile downstream from Morelos Dam. The dam is approximately 1 mile downstream from the Califomia-Mexico- Arizona boundary jiinction. Period of Record . May I953 throvigh 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The mineral content of the surface water at this station is significantly higher than in the upper reaches of the river. Specific conductance values have continually exceeded 1,000 micromhos in the six year period of record, placing this water in class 2 for irrigation use. Sulfate content exceeds the standard for drinking water. The water is usually sodium-calcium sulfate-bicarbonate in character and very hard. Significant Water Quality Changes . Improvement in mineral quality exhib- ited in analysis data for 1958 was maintained in 1959- '102- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item MaxLraum of Record Minimun of Record Maximum - IJS? Minljnun - 195? Specific conductance (nicrorahos at 25°C) 1,557 Temperature In °F 86 DlsBolved oxygen in parts per million 8.8 Percent saturation lOU pH 8.U l.oUl 1,193 1,1U6 56 86 72 U.O 5.2 U.O 52 59 52 7.6 8.3 8.1 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) X2k Magnesium (Mg) 1*3 Sodium (Na) 150 Potassium (K) 6.2 Carbonate (CO3) 12 Bicarbonate (HOO3) 326 Sulfate (SOl) UOU Chloride (CI) I5U Nitrate (NOj) U.O Fluoride (F) 0.7 Boron (B) 0.26 Silica (Si02) 20 79 97 90 28 33 31 91* 117 106 U.O U.8 U.O 0.0 0.0 0.0 1U2 203 176 266 300 286 88 lie 99 0.25 1.0 0.5 O.U 0.5 0.5 0.10 o.iu 0.12 10 10 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million 1,090 Percent sodiuo li3 Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total U86 Noncarbonate 300 Turbidity in parts per million 35 707 800 787 36 Ul 38 325 370 360 188 216 20U < 5 35 < 25 Conform In most probable number par nillillter TOO Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter DissolTed alpha O.9O Solid alpha O.91 DissolTod beta 26.22 Solid beta 17.30 223 TOO 2U0 0.00 0.83 0.26 0.00 0.57 0.37 0.00 12.91 7.75 0.00 2.79 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS t> ^ ... . .. . _, _ __. 00 3 ^ 1,600 4, « « ,...-■■*■-., "1 1,200 ,.--'" 1 |i 800 1 llOO 1 '1 _. J. u.ooo , TT _ _ ^ ,_. _, 0) fi 3,000 , :..), /A i._.<. 1..,!.. __.j o" 6 ^.' \' i 2,000 : Vi .\ _. a 1,000 ._ .;.. ] — ^ ' ■-... . --■-■"" '"'j^ j,«aH,jasoN0jrH*itJjasoH0,F«AtiJJ*SOMajriiAMjj«SON0jrii*iij 1951 1952 1953 1954 19: )5 1956 1957 1958 1959 COLORADO RIVER BELOW MORELOS DAM(STA.56b) 103 Alamo River Basin The Alauno River, together with the New River, serve as drainage channels for the Imperial Valley in the southern portion of the Coiorado River Basin Region. Their combined drainage area in California is about 1,695 square miles, of which only about 10 square miles are mountains or hills . The Alamo River originates in Mexico and flows northward to the Salton Sea, draining the east side of the Imperial Valley. The valley's climate is arid, and the natural runoff to the Alamo River is virtually nonexistent. The surface flow in the Alamo River consists almost entirely of waste water, primarily irrigation return water. The average annual discharge of the Alamo River to Salton Sea is about 700,000 acre-feet. The extensive agricultural economy of the Imperial Valley depends upon irrigation with Colorado River water conveyed to the valley by the All American Canal. The irrigation return water, and occasionally waste water from the All American Ceinal, as well as the waste waters of a number of communities in CaJ-ifornia constitute the flow of the Alamo River. Major domestic etnd food processing waste discharges to the Alamo River are treated sewage wastes from the City of El Centro (2.0 mgd) and the City of Holtville (0.9 mgd), raw sewage from the City of Calijjatria (0.25 ragd), and industrial waste water from a beet siigar refinery near Brawley (2.0 mgd). Sewage amd irrigation waste waters reach the stream in Mexico. The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water quality on the Alamo River are: -IOI+- Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Alamo River at International Boundary 106 Alamo River near Calipatria 108 ■105- ALAMO RIVER AT INTERNATIOML BOUNDARY (STA. 59) Sampling Point . Station 59 is located in Section l8 of Township 17 South, Range 16 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Seunples were collected between the All Americaja Canal and the International Boundary, upstream from canal seepage pipes (imperial Irrigation District Station AR-l). Period of Record . February 1951 through 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium sulfate-chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for domestic use and class 3 for irrigation. Significant Water Quality Changes. None . ■106- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its MaxLnun of Record Nlnlnum of Record Naxlnum - 1959 Hlnlntn - 19S9 Specific oonductance (microahoe at 2$oC) Ttaperatur* In "t QLsaolTed o]^n«n 1" parts par million Parcatt saturation P« 6,666 83 16.0 171* e.k l,31'« kk 7.3 5,700 83 16.0 n't 8.0 l,31lt 53 2.8 36 7-7 Nlnaral oonatltnante In parta par ■illion CalcliB (Ca) IH^nMln (I^) SodliB (la) ^taaoliB (K) Carbonate (OO3) Bicarbonate (BOO3) Stilfate (3(V) Chlortda (CI) ■lUrate (IDj) Floorlila (7) BbLUU (B^ Miioa (saoe) 307 166 960 lU 2k l>86 1,266 1,1*00 18.6 1.2 2.32 25 91. 35 lllO U.6 0.0 110 31*0 108 0.0 0.6 0.20 10 266 129 836 12 0.0 381 1,073 1,120 8.5 0.6 2.06 15 95 35 lUO It .6 0.0 23lt 3U0 108 0.0 0.8 0.20 10 IMal dLaaaliad aoUda In parka par BllllDn iK^aaa aa CiCOj ia parts per gdlllon »«al Tta-Uiitllv In parts par ■lUlon U,679 65 1,'»57 1,137 160 672 381 63 < 5 3,51*0 62 1,155 923 30 891. Ul* 381 189 < 5 CoUfoTB in Bort probable ntabar per ■lllilltar BadtoactlTltjr In aicro-alcro curias per liter DLsaolTed alpba Soiid al4>lia Ussol-rad bata Solid beta 70,000 0.83 1.57 13.00 11.15 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 700 0.83 0.36 10.1*8 6.23 2.8 0.00 0.16 1.1*2 0.17 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ALAMO RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY (STA 59) 107 ALAMO RIVER NEAR CALIPATRIA (STA. 60) Sampling Point . Station 60 is located in Section 22 of Tovnship 11 South, Range 13 East, San Bemaj'dino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank 6.2 miles north of the Westmorlajid-Calipatria Highway, 0.4 mile dovmstream fjrora the lateral 3-road bridge (imperial Irrigation District Gaging Station AR-17). Period of Record . March I95I through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 60 is slightly better in mineral quality than that at Station 59 upstream. Dilution by irriga- tion return water from the surrounding area is apparently the cause. The water is sodium chloride -sulfate in character and unsuitable for domestic or agricultural use. Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959 the mineral content decreased slightly over that of the previous three years. The City of El Centro discharged raw sewage into the Alamo River until late 1958? and since that time has discharged treated effluent from its sewage treatment plant to the stream. The City of Holtville also discharged treated sewage effluent into the Alamo River in 1959' -108. WATER QUALITY RANGES NAXljna of Record WnlaiB of Racord Haxlaua 1959 1959 3psciflc conductance (aic: ToHper«tur« In °F »t 2S0C) DlasolTsd oxTgan in parts pmr altllan Parcent saturation pH 87 Ik. 2 IJl 6.k 2.230 k6 5-0 59 7-1 ^,6ak 85 10.5 95 6.2 3.096 57 5-0 65 Ix2_ Klnaral conatituanta in parta par Billion Calcliaa (Ca) Ma^ealUB (Kg) Sodloa (Na) Potasaiiai (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOr) Chloride (CI) Mitrata (HOO noorlde (F) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 207 99 '•75 15.6 18. 366 735 935 19-2 1.2 1.0 38 127 55 296 7.5 0.0 118 ••52 0.6 0.00 0.23 10 '•75 U 366 666 T90 13 0.8 0.59 ao 172 ai 380 10 195 637 565 u 0.8 o.aB 10 Total dlaeolTad sollda in pu-ta par Billion Parcent sodliM Hardness as CaCOj in parta par allllon total lone ar bona ta Torbidltgr in parts par Billion 2,707 59 l,0k2 765 600 1,^60 15 5*8 < 5 «,303 56 900 729 600 2,135 5* 757 J89 160 Collfora in aost probable nuiber par Blllillter IUdioactiTlt7 in «lcro-«iicro curias por liter DlssolTad alpha Solid alpha UssolTsd beta Solid beta 10,000 1.96 1.9B 19-61 l'»-75 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5,000 0.20 0.27 5.07 197 60 0.00 0.00 8.38 O.Bl WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS •3-5 900 600 700 600 500 MX) 800 ^l L.. \i S' ,.:■' '■> ,vy.,.' ;;;:;:: TOO , : I rr::::i::;iT 600 ::.::...:.::::::: ._^.-^_.,.=....,.---;:;;-H '"t ;"=::;;;;;;;;;::.. ,.-\ ...-■'. . ' t 500 ..< :d : . , s ,■■:::: : too ....!..... .A _ _ ALAMO RIVER NEAR CALIPATRIA (STA.60) 109 New River Basin The New River, together with the Alamo River, serve as drainage channels for the Imperial Valley in the southern portion of the Colorado River Basin Region. Their combined drainage area in California is about 1,695 square miles, of which only about 10 square miles are mountains or hills. The New River originates in Mexico and flows northward to the Salton Sea, draining the west side of the Imperial Valley. It was first eroded into a river channel in I90U and I905 ^en the Colorado River broke through the bank of an irrigation canal, flowing to the previously dry Salton Sink. The valley's climate is arid and the natural runoff to the New River is virtually nonexistent. The surface flow consists almost entirely of waste water, primarily irrigation return water. The average annual discharge of the New River to the Salton Sea is about 560,000 acre-feet. The extensive agricultural economy of the Imperial Valley depends on irrigation with Colorado River water conveyed to the valley by the All American Canal. Irrigation return water, and occasionally waste waters from the All American Canal, as well as waste waters of a number of communities in California and Mexico constitute the flow of the New River. Major sewage discharges including food processing wastes are untreated wastes from the City of Brawley (1.0 mgd) and the City of Calexico {O.k mgd) in California, and from the City of Mexicali in Mexico. The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water quality on the New River are: -110- Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion New River at International Boundary 112 New River near Westmorland llU ■111- NEW RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY (STA. 5?) Sajnpling Point . Station 57 is located in Section ik of Township 17 South, Range 1^*- East, San Bernardino Base and Meridiaui. The water was sampled from the right bank, 150 yards north of the International Boundary (Imperial Irrigation District Station NR-l). Period of Record . April 195I through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for domestic uses suid class 3 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . During 1959 total dissolved solids decreased slightly from 1958 values. Bacterial counts were high, with a median of 62,000 MPN/ml. -112- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Specific conductance (■icroahos at 2SoC) IMperature In °F Dissolved oxygen In parts par Billion Percent saturation PH Mineral cons tl taenia in parts per nillion Calciwi (Ca) Haenoslun (Hg) Sodium (Na) Potasslim (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Hltrate (HOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SIO2) Total dissolved solids in parts per HiUlon Percent sodl\a Hardness as Ca003 in parts per million Total Moncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million Colifom In most probable number par milliliter Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta SoUd beta Maximum of Record 9,l43li 99 17.5 11.5 8.6 1.38 ??U 1,350 38 2li lUh 1,138 2,815 2U 1.10 2 20 80 6,689 71. 2,299 2,11.3 200 7,000,000 0.21. 1.21, 13.72 15.96 HinlHum of Record 1,310 U3 0.0 0.0 6.8 123 60 220 1.5 0.00 151. 21.0 181 0.0 0.00 0.12 10 1,620 U9 396 216 <5 1.50 MaxijBum 1959 'i.lOO 86 12.5 11.5 8.2 00 200 101 867 38 276 633 1,580 5.0 0.80 i.Uo 20 3,1.20 71. 1,000 810 200 Hinljinn - 1959 U,65l 56 2.1. 32 7.9 212 100 71.9 30 0.00 232 57U 1,210 3.5 0.60 0.8U 15 700,000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.1.5 7.66 1.66 3,203 63 607 1.03 13,000 0.00 0.17 5.53 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ol SI 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 7,000 6,000 5,000 !.,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 200 100 /-■M I \ r\ d /.\.,J- \v sJ ;:■:;' ■. :^^, \y-r 1951 ■;:=:; -' -^f'-J 1952 1^ ^-.-y''-U:s 1953 -J t\i 1954 '; K,,.^ , = . = >■=", 1955 1956 4^-,^--i^ 1957 1958 ■J 1959 NEW RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY (STA 57) 113 NEW RIVER NEAR WESTMORLAND (STA. 58) Sampling Point . Station 58 is located in Section 30 of Township 12 South, Range I3 East, San Bernardino Base ajid Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank, 50 feet south of Vail Canal crossing which is 3 miles west of the Calipatria-Westmorland Highway and 0.6 mile downstream from No. 10 Road bridge (imperial Irrigation District Station NR-I7). Period of Record . February 1951 through 19^9' Water Quality Characteristics . Water at this station is unsuitable for domestic use and class 3 for irrigation. It is sodium chloride -sulfate in character and extremely hard. Significant Water Qiiality Changes . In 1959 boron reached 2.3O ppm, a maximum for the nine years of record. Specific conductance was more than i4-,000 micromhos throughout 1959 • -nil- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Hudnum of Record NlnljiUB of Record 1959 Hlnimim - 1959 Specific conductance (Blcraahoe et 2Soc) T«i^>erature In '*T Ueeolred oiygen In pert* per million Percent seturetlon PH 5,319 86 13.0 130 8.U 2,155 US U.8 60 7.2 85 13.0 136 8.1 U.iBI. 58 u.e 62 7.6 Mlnerel conatltsenta in parte per ■llllon Celclm (C<) Na(ne«lm (N() Sodltai (Ra) Pot«asi\K (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate (hCX)3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) litraU 003) flooride (F) Boron (B) Silica (310;) 210 100 7U? 19 17 U52 687 1.320 lU 0.8 2.30 23 121 57 332 7.6 0.00 lUO '•13 i :v' /'■ ^.-.,'-\..y.J:::A y.-y-s K'^' il ft 1,250 1,000 750 500 250 :: = ; .'' ■/ 1991 •\ .! "-( ,r/::i\u.j:':. 1992 1993 1994 ::;::■:.:;;:: 1999 NEW RIVER NEAR WESTMORLAND (STA.58) 115 Sal ton Sea The Salton Sea lies in the south-central portion of the Colorado River Basin Region. It occupies the depression between Imperial Valley BJid Coachella Valley, and receives all the irrigation return and waste water discharges from these areas. The sea is approximately 33 miles long and 12 miles wide. It is very shallow; the greatest depth is about 45 feet at the north end. The water surface elevations ranged from 233.75 feet below sea level in May 1959> to 23^.45 feet below sea level in September 1959. In spite of the saline characteristics of the waters of the Salton Sea and its warm temperature, imported salt-water game and feeder fish have been propagated with success. Recreational benefits provided by the sea have fostered the development of resort communities along its shores . The one station currently maintained to monitor surface water quality in Salton Sea is Salton Sea at Salton Sea State Park. It is dis- cussed on page ll8. ■117- SALTON SEA AT SALTON SEA STATE PARK (STA. 68a) Sampling Point . Station 68a is located in Section 2 of Township 7 South, Range 10 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the northeast shore at the boat launching ramp of Salton Sea State Park. Period of Record . March 1955 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . Salton Sea water is sodium chloride in character and similar to ocean water, but with calcium and sulfate concen- trations slightly higher than in ocean water and with chloride concentra- tions slightly loT.'feT. The water is unsuitable for either domestic or agricultural uses. Significant Water Quality Changes . In 1959, total dissolved solids exceeded 355OOO ppm, slightly higher in concentration than in the previous four years of record. -118- WATER QUALITY RANGES Iten MaxJjiiun of Record Hlnlaun of Racord tUxlnun - 1959 HlnljnB - 1959 Specific conductance (nicromhoe at 250C) 63,000 Temperature In °F 96 DlseolTed ojygen In parts par million 13«5 Percent saturation 200 pH 8.6 27,027 "tS-llO 3lt,1.8o 57 92 63 1.6 11.2 5.8 18 116 82 6.9 8-5 8.0 Mineral constltuenta In parts per million Calcium (Ca) 950 Magnesium (Mg) 1,125 Sodium (Na) 10,500 PotaosiiM h) 170 Carbonate (COj) 31 Bicarbonate (HCO3) lt03 Sulfate (SOv) 7,766 Chloride (CI) 16,900 Nitrate (IIO3) 50.5 Fluoride {?) U.O Boron (B) 9.1*0 Silica (3IO2) 15 U56 818 816 581 965 926 5.800 10,500 9,850 l"*" 156 156 0-00 12 0.00 1''6 220 161 3.758 7,Ull* 7,200 8.300 15,000 13,750 0-00 2.0 2-3 3.5 2.7 3.75 8.1* 6.6 5 5 Total dissolved solids in parts per nillion 38,763 80 Percent sodl\M Hardness as CaC03 In parts p«r million Total 7,000 Noncarbonate 6,700 Turbidity In parts per million 1*0 19,960 35,902 35,160 76 79 78 5,'.60 6,260 5,580 5,'ta6 6,060 5,1*26 < 5 < 25 < 5 Collform in most probable number par milliliter 2.3 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter g g Dissolved alpha Solid alpha 0-''5 Dissolved beta U.2li Solid beta 5-73 < 0.1*5 0.60 < 0.1*5 0-09 0.10 0.09 0.00 0.1*5 0.00 O.Ol* 11.21* o.OU 0.00 5.73 0.00 1 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1 1 II 1 "" " 1*6,000 ij _ cu 1*1*, 000 1. 1/ 1 . 1 1.2,000 ^ . ..^, _...« -.5 ..A r - - J J , ^ U0,000 _ ...u.. V ""../ •J ^ s ' 1 1 38,000 1 \ £ I A I '. 1 36,000 5. 4) ' 1 r . i " "" 3'', 000 1 % " g ^ 32,000 . , _ H ° 30,000 26,000 --.--._.._.l._ .... _....„.- ,^. . _.__ 1951 I9S2 I9S3 1954 19 55 1956 1957 1958 1959 SALTON SEA AT SALTON (STA 68 SEA STATE PARK 0) 119 Whitewater River Basin The Whitewater River is located in the northwesterly portion of Colorado River Basin Region. Its drainage area lies between the Little San Bernardino Mountains on the northeast and the San Jacinto Mountains on the southwest. The river originates on the south slope of Mount San Gorgonio, and flows southeastward through Coachella Valley to the Salton Sea. The drainage area of the Whitewater River system is about 1,57'+ square miles, consisting of about 1,07^ square miles of mountains and foothills and 500 square miles of valley and mesa lands. The mean annual natural runoff to the Whitewater River is estimated to be about 19,300 acre-feet. Surface water is diverted from the upper reaches of the Whitewater River for export to an area north of Banning for electric power production and irrigation. Some flow is diverted near Whitewater to the City of Palm Springs by a pipeline, for irrigation only. In the reach from Whitewater to Indio the river is usually dry. From Indio to the Salton Sea irrigation return waters, and occasionally excess water from wasteways of the Coachella branch of the All American Canal, make up a persistent flow. Average annual' flow of the Whitewater River to Salton Sea is estimated to be about ^4-0, 000 acre-feet. Treated sewage effluent from the Indio Sanitary District (3»0 n^d) is discharged to Whitewater River. The effluent contains waste water from several food processing plants. Other sewage wastes discharged to Whitewater River are small. The two stations maintained for surveillance of surface water quality in Whitewater River are: -120- Monitoring Station Whitewater River near Whitewater Whitewater River near Mecca Page Number of Station Discussion 122 121+ I I -121- WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR WHITEWATER (OTA. 68) Sampling Point . Station 68 is located in Section 2 of Township 3 South, Range 3 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were taken from the 8-foot Cipoletti Weir box at the United States Geological Survey gage on the weir, 1.6 miles upstream from Whitewater. Period of Record . February 1951 through 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . The surface water at this station is calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, and moderately hard. It meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Significant Water Quality Changes . Surface flow existed throughout 1959> being supplemented by pumped ground water discharged into the river channel upstream from Station 68 whenever the natural surface flow diminished. Fluorides reached a new maximum of 1.2 ppm for the period of record. -122- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C) Temperature In °F DlsaolTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH Hajdinum of Record 81 12. U 123 8.5 Mlnijiniin of Record "•5 6.0 61 Maximum - 1959 l4?b 72 11.0 123 8.U Minimum - 1959 36fi 63 6.0 63 Mineral constituents in parts per Hllllon Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Ng) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate {HCO3) Sulfate (SOk) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (?) Boron (B) Silica (S102) 57 18 16 5. 30 236 U9 16 3. 1. 0.16 ?0 IjO 10 7 2.8 0.00 127 21 1 0.0 0.?5 0.00 11 56 la IS 111 227 36 16 1.0 1.2 0.00 20 53 13 13 1..6 0.00 166 35 3 0.5 1.0 0.00 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodlm Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 285 20 301 109 2,000 212 7 65 < 5 275 15 197 17 80 2U1 la 167 10 < 5 Colifora in nost probable number per milliliter Hadloactivlty in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2U,000 2.31 1.81» 25-51 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 Q.OO WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 62 1.01 0.63 11.05 < 0.U5 0.83 0.09 10.U5 0.00 CO (0 l/\ 700 u 600 500 UOO 300 200 ut 'X '■h \r^ ftj 50 UO 30 20 10 b.J.^ 1951 rrs 'HAMjjAtOnC^rMAMjjASOMQjrMAHJJASOMOjrMAMjjAlONOjrMAIljJASOMOjFUAMjJASOMO ^., 1954 1955 I .( >; ',...:u,.j P H A M J J A S M 1956 1957 r% I'HAHJJASOHO yix JVMAMJ JASONO 1958 1959 WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR WHITEWATER (STA. 68) 123 WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR MECCA (STA. 68b) Sampling Point , Station 68b is located in Section 31 of Township 7 South, Range 9 East, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the center of the river as the flow comes out of the road culvert at Lincoln Street crossing. Period of Record . July 1957 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium sulfate -chloride in character, class 3 for irrigation, and extremely hard. It does not meet drinking water standards for mineral content. Significant Water Quality Changes . Total dissolved solids continued to increase in 1959> exceeding 3jOOO ppm. Fluoride reached a new maximum of i+.O ppm in 1959. -124- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita MaxLnum of Record Hlniraum of Record Haxljiium - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959 Specific conductance (nlcromhoe at 25°C) Temperature In *^F Dleeolved oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation pH U,796 87 11.0 112 8.1* 3,13'' 5l» 5.5 60 7.6 U,798 86 11.0 U8 6-3 3,690 62 6.5 8.U 8.0 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate {CO3) Bicarbonate (HC»3) Sulfate (SOr) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SiO?) 19^ 50 15 lU 378 1,160 690 25 U.O 1.85 20 IU9 U26 11.5 256 1146 387 8 1.2 0.56 15 igi* euit 15 lU 378 1,160 680 25 It.O 1.85 20 166 lilt 650 13 315 1,025 518 2U 3-2 1.20 20 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodim Hardness as CaCOj In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 3,100 73 768 U97 1,000 2,027 60 5U2 311 lUO 3,100 73 681. 38I. 1,000 2,7'»3 70 595 331 Collf om in most probable number par milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2,UO0 0.62 1.77 18.95 8.65 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,U00 0.30 0.56 17.56 8.65 23 0.0 0.16 5.30 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS OS 0) o -d 1,100 1,000 900 800 700 900 I 700 a. '^ 500 [T .__._ j4-W--t- ----- 1 1 WHITEWATER RIVER NEAR MECCA (STA 68b) 125 station Number 5^ 55 56 56a 56b 56c 56d 57 58 59 60 68 68a 68b STREAM SAl COLORADO RI^ & Colorado I Colorado 1 Colorado 1 All Ameri( Colorado ] Colorado I Colorado I New River New River Alamo Riv« Alamo Rive Whitewatei Salton Set Whitewatei LEGEND >'*^ SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION I SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE k INDUSTRIAL OR IRRIGATION WASTE DISCHARGE STATE OF CALIFORNIA he resources agency of california :partment of water resources SOUTHERN DISTRICT "ACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM |EAM SAMPLING STATIONS OLORADO RIVER BASIN REGION (NO 7) 1959 SCALE Of MILES STREAM SAMPLIHG STATIONS COLORADO RIVER REGION (NO. ?) Station Name Colorado River near Topock, Arizona Colorado River below Parker Dam Colorado River at Xuma, Arizona All American Canal near Pilot Knob Colorado River belov Morelos Dam Colorado River near Blythe Colorado River Aqueduct at Intake New River at International Boundary- New River near Westmorland Alamo River at International Boundary Alamo River near Calipatrla Whitewater River near Whitewater Salton Sea at.Salton Sea State Park Whitewater River near Mecca Santa Ana Region (No. 8) The Santa Ana Region (No. 8) is situated in the south coastal portion of California. It extends 25 miles along the coast from the Los Angeles County-Orange County line to the San Joaquin Hills, and projects inland from the ocean about 90 miles, expanding to a vridth of about 80 miles in the Upper Valley area. The area of the region is approximately 2, 8Uo square miles, of which 1,830 square miles are mountainous and 1,010 square miles are valley lands, mesas, and coastal plain. The region is composed of the coastal plain in Orange County and the drainage system of Santa Ana River in the inland portion. The mean annual runoff from the Santa Ana River drainage area is approxi- mately 322,000 acre-feet, and from various minor coastal water sources in the Santa Ana Region about 6,100 acre-feet. Eight stations have been established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality in this region. The names of the surface water sources and the number of stations on each (in parentheses) is shown in the following tabulation: Santa Ana River (^4^) Chino Creek (l) Warm Creek (2) Lake Elsinore (l) In common with other regions in Southern California the Santa Ana Region experienced below normal precipitation and runoff to streams in the 1958-59 rainfall season. Slight but distinct impairment of surface water quality was apparent in comparison of 1959 analyses with those of the preceding year but, in general, the mineral content remained within the ranges for dissolved constituents for the ten year period of record . -127- I Santa Ana Region (No. 8) The Santa Ana Region (No. 8) is situated in the south coastal portion of California. It extends 25 miles along the coast from the Los Angeles County-Orange County line to the San Joaquin Hills, and projects inland from the ocean about 9^ miles, expanding to a width of about 80 miles in the Upper Valley area. The area of the region is approximately 2, 8Uo square miles, of which 1,830 square miles are mountainous and 1,010 square miles are valley lands, mesas, and coastal plain. The region is composed of the coastal plain in Orange County and the drainage system of Santa Ana River in the inland portion. The mean annual runoff from the Santa Ana River drainage area is approxi- mately 322,000 acre-feet, and from various minor coastal water sources in the Santa Ana Region about 6,100 acre-feet. Eight stations have been established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality in this region. The names of the surface water sources and the number of stations on each (in parentheses) is shown in the following tabulation: Santa Ana River {h) Chino Creek (l) Warm Creek (2) Lake Elsinore (l) In common with other regions in Southern California the Santa Ana Region experienced below normal precipitation and runoff to streams in the 1958-59 rainfall season. Slight but distinct impairment of surface water quality was apparent in comparison of 1959 analyses with those of the preceding year but, in general, the mineral content remained within the ranges for dissolved constituents for the ten year period of record. -127- Santa Ana River Basin The Santa Ana River Basin occupies almost the entire area of Santa Ana Region. The source of the river is at Big Bear Lake in the San Bernardino Mountains. The river flows from the mountains to the southwest, and discharges to the ocean between Huntington Beach and Newport Beach. The drainage area of the Santa Ana River system is about 2, i+20 square miles comprised of 1,^4-80 square miles of mountainous ter- rain and foothills, and 9^0 square miles of valley and mesa lands, and coastal plain. The mean annual runoff from the drainage area is esti- mated at 322,000 acre -feet. Prado Flood Control Dam, located near the San Bernardino-Orange County line, is the principal dam on the Santa Ana River. Diversion works in the headwaters area at Big Bear Lake divert some of the surface flow for electrical power production near Mentone. Some of the water diverted is used for irrigation near Redlands and some is used in spread- ing operations for the artificial recharge of underground reservoirs. The principal use of Santa Ana River water is for recharge of the vast underground storage basins of the region. The ground waters from these basins supply most of the uses in the area. Colorado River water is dis- charged to spreading areas in Orange County to replenish ground water basins within the county. It is also used directly for irrigation and domestic purposes in portions of the Santa Ana Region. Hemet Reservoir and Railroad Canyon Resei-voir on the San Jacinto River, tributary to the Santa Ana River, store most of the flow of the tributary streajn. Discharge of the San Jacinto River is to Lake Elsinore. The outlet of Lake Elsinore is Temescal Creek, which joins the -129- Santa Ana River near Prado Dam. There has seldom been any water in Lake Elsinore since the surface water quality monitoring program was estab- lished in 1953^ SLTid no observed flow in Temescal Creek in this period of record. Colorado River water is discharged to the San Jacinto River for storage in Railroad Canyon Reservoir. Effluent waste water from the two sewage treatment plants of the City of San Bernardino (9-5 ngd.) is discharged to Warm Creek and the Santa Ana River. Effluent from the City of Corona sewage treatment plant (1.0 n^d) is discharged to percolation ponds and to the Santa Ana River. City of Riverside sewage treatment plant effluent (8.0 mgd) is used for irrigation, but excess water, and irrigation return vrater, flow to the Santa Ana River channel. City of Redlands treated sewage effluent (2.0 n^d) is used for ground water recharge, with excess flowing to the river. All these effluent wastes are discharged to the river channel during ditch and pond clearing operations. A cement mill discharges waste water (between 2.0 and 3-0 ngd) to settling basins, but overflow reaches the river. There are a few other minor, and chiefly intermittent, waste water discharges to the streams of the system. The economy of the basin is predominantly agricultural. Rapid population growth and increasing urbanization have followed the estab- lishment of light manufacturing plants, particularly in the coastal area. There are several military and naval establishments in the basin. Heavy industry is represented by steel manufacture and cement milling in the vicinity of the City of San Bernardino. Petroleum is produced in the areas along the coast, and in the mountainous northern portion of Orange County. ■130- The eight stations on the Santa Ana River and its tributaries established for surveillance of surface water quality are: Page Number of Monitoring Station Station Discussion Santa Ana River near Mentone 132 Santa Ana River near Arlington 13U Santa Ana River near Norco I36 Santa Ana River near Prado Dam 138 Warm Creek at San Bernardino li+O Warm Creek at Colton 1^12 Chino Creek near Chino lUli Lake Elsinore near Elsinore ikS -131- SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR MENTONE (STA. 51b) Sampling Point . Station 51^ is located, in Section h of Township 1 South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected at the tailrace of the Southern California Edison Company Santa Ana River No. 3 Power Plant, 3-5 miles northeast of Mentone near mouth of canyon. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . Surface water in the Santa Ana River near Mentone is generally calcium bicarbonate in character, class 1 for irrigation, and meets drinking water standards for mineral content. The water is soft and of excellent quality. Significant Water Quality Changes . The quality of the water has remained nearly uniform throughout the nine years of record. -132- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Maxlmun of Record Hinlnum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (microrahoa at 25°C) Tenperature in °F DisaolTed oxygen in part3 per million Percent saturation PH Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOi^j Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (?) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 268 13.6 1?8 8.7 126 39 7.2 7b 7.2 250 63 13.5 128 6.3 206 Ui 7.2 7I4 7.8 33 11 22 3.2 10 173 26 16 2.U 0.7 0.15 30 16 1 8 1.1 39 e 1 0.2 5 23 9 15 3.2 12U 12 7.6 1.3 O.U 0.11 20 17 7 11 2.0 107 9.6 3.0 o.a 10 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodi\B Hardness as CaCO^ in parts per million Itotal Moncarbonflte Turbidi^ in parts per million 195 33 118 16 < 2? 95 18 5U 150 29 93 < 25 13li 20 73 < 5 Collform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity In micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2,300 2.50 1.1)6 28.05 9.33 < 0.U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 0.90 0.37 11.30 0.62 o.a5 0.82 0.37 1.73 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 300 200 100 U--\ ^ !s, 160 120 80 lil ■^■^^ J f mitmj J « so ao 1951 S: 1952 jVH4>JJ«10MOjrM«HjJASONG J'MAHJJ ASONQ jrMAHJ JA5ON0 jrwAHJJKSOND / t^ ..CsL.......^ 1955 1956 1957 +iV^=\p=^r ^'===^---v jPMAMJJAtOMO jV«AliJJ*SOi«0 >fH*Mjj«SONC 1959 SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR MENTONE (STA.SIb) 133 SMTA ANA RIVER NEAR ARLINGTON (STA. 51) Sampling Point . Station 5I is located in Section 25 of Township 2 South, P?ange 6 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected at Pedley Road bridge, 1.8 miles downstream from the Union Pacific Railroad bridge, 3*3 miles north of Arlington. Period of Record . January 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 5I is calcium- sodivun bicarbonate in chajracter, class 1 for irrigation, and very hard. It meets drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Effluent from the City of Riverside sewage treatment plant, which is normally used for irrigation, is occasionally discharged to the river one-half mile above this station. Significant Water Quality Changes . None . .13i|- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Maxlinum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (raicrorahoa at 25°C) Temperature In °F Dissolved oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH 1,121 81. 13. U 157 9.0 1^3 53 1*.8 56 7.1* 1,052 80 8.7 96 8.2 833 60 5.8 69 IA_ Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (50)^) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO3) Fluoride (?) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 106 36 105 22 2U 339 290 203 37 0.9 0.U6 32 52 12 28 U.2 1U6 39 31 0.5 0.19 0.00 7.2 105 36 85 7 339 99 106 22 0.7 0.2U 25 85 20 67 k.U 278 91 97 12 o.u O.Olt 20 Total dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodivin Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 830 I18 376 202 1,600 288 178 25 < 5 657 31. 363 109 100 607 29 325 55 < 5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2,U00 .9U .33 M .^0_ 0.U5 0.09 0.00 i».9it 0.00 700 0.30 0.18 lU.UU U.08 0.U5 0.09 0.00 U.9lt 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR ARLINGTON (STA. 51) 135 SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR NORCO (STA. 51e) Sampling Point . Station 51e is located in Section 36 of Township 2 South, Range 7 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saraples were collected at the summer gage just downstream from Hamner Avenue bridge on the left bank, 5 miles north of Corona. Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Qtiality Characteristics . Surface water at Station 51e is calcium- sodixm bicarbonate in character and very hard. It meets mineral quality standards for domestic use. BoiX)n concentrations and specific conductance values usually place this water in class 2 for irrigation. Significant Water Quality Changes . Contintiing dry weather conditions in 1959 caused mineral concentrations to increase slightly at this station. Boron concentration reached a maximum of 0.84 ppm in October, 1959 • .136. WATER QUALITY RANGES IteoB Haxlnum of Record Hlnlnuiii of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C) Temperature In °F Dissolved oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation pH 1,250 88 10.8 117 8.6 1.39 52 2.8 31 59 1.183 82 8.5 89 8.2 1.037 52 2.8 31 I.2_ Mineral conatltnents In parta per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SO)^) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 109 33 116 10 31 359 280 137 36 1. 0. 30 53 9 30 ''.3 0.0 171 i*2 18 2 0.1 0.02 13 106 21 116 8.2 0.0 359 110 137 36 0.8 0.8ii 30 96 20 88 6.7 0.0 300 105 119 11 0.7 0.21 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodivn Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million Ttotal Noncarbonate Turbidity In parts per million 819 ^^3 386 20U 800 29a 27 131 U < 5 715 '•3 366 92 < 25 670 3'' 322 '•5 < 5 Collforra In most probable number per milliliter Radioactivitj in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2,li00 2.15 0.92 15.0 15. Wk 2-3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2,llO0 0.81 0.37 12.53 15. M. 6.0 0.U6 0.00 1.02 11.66 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1,300 So 1,200 3(Q 1,100 •g * 1,000 O B u o _"! ^ i: S 800 ^■^ TOO -r''\K'-'-^\ rii -i^-.'- .>j SANTA ANA RIVER NEAR NORCO (STA 5le ) 137 SANTA MA RIVER NEAR PRADO DAM (STA. 51a) Sampling Point . Station 51a is located in Section 29 of Township 3 South, Range 7 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank at the gaging station, 2,500 feet down- stream from Prado Dam, k miles west of Corona and 1 mile southwest of Prado. Period of Record . April 1951 throi:igh December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water is calcium- sodixm bicarbonate in character, very hard, sind meets drinking water mineral quality stemd- ards. The concentrations of total dissolved solids generally place this water in class 2 for irrigation. Data from past analyses indicate little change in mineral content between Station 51a and the upstream Station 51e« Significant Water Quality Changes . None . ■138- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itoo Maxlmura of Record Mlnljiiuin of Record Majdjnum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcrornhos at 2S0C) Temperature in °F Dissolved oxygon In parts per million Percent saturation PH Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SIO2) 1,165 82 13.U m e.5 378 I18 6.0 65 6.6 1,051 78 9.7 101 8. 3 971 SU 6.0 65 7.6 120 lil inR 10.6 36 351 289 120 32 0, 0, UO 56 38 9 25 3. 125 39 27 3. 0. 0.05 10 103 38 96 7 17 33a 113 119 32 0. 0. ao 80 2U 80 I1.7 265 101 99 9.6 O.l 0.1 20 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodlun Bardness as CaCO^ In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 816 1)2 ao8 211 3,600 2U3 26 1U2 28 < 5 687 37 362 97 <25 600 32 338 7U < 5 Conform In most probable number per nllllllter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 70,000 1.22 1.08 26.98 9-99 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,300 0.71 0.18 15.21 3.35 a.5 0.b6 0.09 8.68 2.36 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ?l ■a « 1,200 «>~ 1,000 \5 Ai Sf-'^ SANTA ANA RIVER BELOW PR ADO DAM(STA 5lo) 139 WARM CREEK AT SAN BERNARDINO (STA. 50c) Sampling Point . Station 50c is located in Section 15 of Township 1 South, Range k West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank beneath "E" Street bridge, 0.5 mile upstream from the City of San Bernardino sewage treatment plant . Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water is generally calcium carbonate in character, moderately hard to very hard, class 1 for irrigation, and meets drinking water mineral quality standards. Significant Water Quality Changes . There has been no surface flow at this station since June 1958 • -lUO- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita HaxbRum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Mlnlmun - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at 25°C) TMperature In "F Dissolved oxygen in parts per million Percent saturation pH 766 79 10.0 96 6.5 373 50 Z.U 38 6.8 No flow at time SampllDg vlBita of monthly Mineral eonatituenta In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassivmi (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NO3) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (SiOj) 108 Ul 1.9 7.2 18 306 133 52 23 1.2 0.2 35 37 6 13 2. 129 ••5 7 1. 13 Total dissolved solids In parts per ■llllon Percent sodl\B Hardness as CaC03 In parts per Billion Total Noncarbonate Turbidity In parts per million 510 32 U9U 103 6,000 2U2 lU 1U6 13 Collfom In most probable number per nllllllter RadloactiTity in mlcro-iilcro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2U,000 2.3 1.53 2M 12.3 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS Zt 800 600 uoo 0-5 200 ::::'/ f-T^M ^tt;;^-^-.=-/---\'-- ...I. ^K y- WARM CREEK NEAR SAN BERNARDINO(STA. 50c) 141 WAM CREEK AT COLTOW (STA. 50b) Sampling Point . Station 50b is located in Section 21 of Township 1 South, Range h West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. San5)les were taken from the right bank near the gage at "F" Street bridge, 0.25 mile north of U. S. Highway 99j and O.^l mile east of Mr. Vernon, 1.2 miles east of Colton, emd 0.3 mile below the City of San Bernardino sewage treatment plant . Period of Record . April 1951 through December 1959* Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodiimi- calcium bicarbonate in character, moderately hard, and class 1 for irri- gation. It is excellent in mineral quality for domestic use and meets mineral quality standards for drinking water. This station monitors the effects of the San Bernardino sewage treatment plant effluent on the quality of Warm Creek surface water. Significant Water Quality Changes . There was a slight increase in mineral content in 1959 over the previous eight years of record. Bacterial counts ran high in 1959, with a median of 6,200 MPN/ml. -142- WATER QUALITY RANGES Specific conductance (aicronhos at 2S°C) Tenperature in °T Dl990lTed oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation pH Mineral constituents in parts per ■llllon CalcluB (Ca) Hagneslun (Ng) Sodium (Na) Potasaluni (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv ) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (3102) Maxijiium of Record 1,016 87 10.2 107 8.U HlnljBum of Record UI16 59 0.0 0.00 6.6 1959 1,018 87 JLk. Minimum - 19^9 877 60 _UL. 76 2U 118 21 0, 332 97 128 91. 2. 1. 50 30 "•.5 '•3 9.5 0.0 1U4 31 10.3 0.6 0.02 20 76 2U 118 16 0.0 261 96 lae 90 1.1. 0.76 50 30 ■•.5 I18 13.2 0.0 lU 52 U2 U3.U 0.6 0.23 20 Total dissolved solids in parts per Billion Percent sodixn Hardness as Ca003 in parts per Billion Ttotal Noncarbonate Tii.-bidlty in parts per million 607 57 263 91 2,000 370 27 IW. < 5 607 52 208 32 "•5 390 U2 lU < 5 Collfom in Host probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta >7D,000 0.51 1.''7 26.22 9-1 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 > 70,000 0.00 0.U7 8.51 5-52 230 0.00 0.09 1.76 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS O O C o Id J^ B.S 1,000 800 600 ItOO '0'\ 'anil ^..UJ % t -/ '-\ ^ \--i WARM CREEK NEAR COLTON (STA.SOb) 143 CHENO CREEK NEAR CHTNO (STA. 86) Sainpliafi Point . Station 86 is located in Section 36 of Township 2 South, Range 8 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Saarples were collected from the right bank, 20 feet upstream from Pine Avenue bridge, approxi- mately 5 miles southeast of Chino. Period of Record . April 1952 throxigh December 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . At Station 86, Chino Creek water is calcivmi- sodium bicarbonate in character, class 1 to class 2 for irrigation, and very hard. Sulfate and fluoride generally exceed the recommended stand- ards for drinking water. The flow at this station consists mostly of waste discharges from the City of Chino sewage treatment plant. Significant Water Quality Changes . Fluorides in 1959 reached a new maxi- mum for the period of record of 1.6 ppm, and boron attained a maximum of 0.72 ppm. ■ Ikk- WATER QUALITY RANGES I ten HaxLnum of Record HlnijBum of Record Maxlraum - 1959 Mlnimun - 1959 Specific conductance (slcromhos at 25°C) Tanperature in °F OLssolved oxygen In parts per million Percent saturation PH 86 17. U 8.9 235 US 5.0 57 6.9 1,260 72 11. U 12lt e.fc 331 61 5.0 57 7.3 Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate -(NOi) Fluoride (F) Boron (B)-' Silica (3102) 11*3 U5 126 32 38 USl 29'» 80 1.9 1, 0. 50 25 U 7 1..1 0.00 105 11 10 0.0 0.0 0.00 5 l'»3 U2 96 lU 0.00 U29 29U 56 lU.O 1.6 0.72 30 25 11 19 6.8 0.00 132 32 20 0.5 0.5 0.06 30 Total dissolved solids In parts per million Percent sodim Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per million 91.5 39 536 182 3,500 150 13 86 < 5 9lt0 38 536 182 65 192 25 108 < 5 Collform in most probable number per Billiliter RadioactiTity in micro-Blcro curies par liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2U,000 2-3 2ll,000 0.9U 0.0 1.02 0.0 23.00 0.0 10.5 0.0 O.ltO 0.18 U.6U U.39 60 Station Dry Sept. 1959 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS l.liOO 1,200 o O 8,-5 . 1,000 800 600 llOO ... t I'. fV rV" r\ i V 1- \ ■i rf 1951 IM jFli*ll4J*fO«C jF«Aaj^A90«OJ'H*HJJ*SOaC J'MAHJJASOaO 1952 1953 -\ M \ 1954 'a 1955 '7 J'MAHJ J«SOM0 jrMAMjJASOdO 1956 jrHAIIjjAIONO 1957 SI IPHAMJJXSONO 1958 v:7 akHj jASONO 1959 CHINO CREEK NEAR CHINO (STA.86) 145 LAKE ELSINORE NEAR EISINORE (STA. 89) Sampling Point . Station 89 is located in Section 1 of Township 6 South, Range 5 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Sacrples were collected from the north shore of the lake at the United States Geological Suarvey staff gage, approximately 0.5 mile south of the junction of Riverside Drive and State Highway 71. Period of Record . February 1952 throiigh December 1959- Water Q\iality Characteristics . Water at this station is xmsuitable for recognized beneficial uses. Significant Water Quality Changes . Water samples were collected during the first five months of 1959* During the remaining months of the year the lake was dry. Specific conductance ranged from 19,800 to 50,125 micromhos . -1^6. WATER QUALITY RANGES Iten Maximum of Record Hinlnum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhoa at ZJOC) 125,000 3, '♦97 temperature In "F 92 51 msBolTed oxygen in parts par million l8.8 U.5 Percent saturation 200 52 pH 9-7 7.k 50,125 19,800 83 51. 18.8 8.1. 189 lok 8.5 8.1. Mineral conatltaenta In parts per million CalclOT (Ca) 55 U7 U7 Magnesium (Mg) 80 5 80 80 Sodium (Na) 77,100 675 15,000 5,300 Potassium (K) 320 I9 200 200 Carbonate (CO3) 30,600 759 I99 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 29,0Ul 256 2,360 8ao Sulfate (SOv) 13,350 2U8 8,0l»0 8,oUo Chloride (CI 79,000 768 15,600- 5,800 Nitrate (NOj) 96 20 20 Fluoride (K) 8.U 0.6 2.1. 2.U Boron (B) 88.0 0.75 15 15 Silica (SIO2) UO 1.0 I I Ttotal dissolTed solids In parts per million 213,600 2,150 Percent sodiiK 99.9 8U Hardness as CaC03 in parts per million Ttotal 1.1.5 50 Koncarbonate 129 Turbidity in parts per million 500 < 5 29,893 29,893 96 96 1.1.5 231* 230 100 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter '00* O.O6 RadioactiTlty In alcro-micro curies per liter . -^ mssolved alpha "■'" 0.0 Solid alpha 3-9^ 0.0 DissolTed beta 127-38 0.0 Solid beta 50.58 0.0 0.U5 0.U5 0.90 No aample 0.28 in Sept. I..90 7.58 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1.8,000 CO , a Ui 000 J 1 _J_ ^ 1.0,000 I \ .[M 11. _ 36,000 1 1 1 t i 32,000 1 r f.-r- 26,000 . .._ .J ; i 00 -f- a ■-'^ 8 .. . 1 « 21*, 000 IS i: ^ 20,000 "1 u — S.3 1 16,000 i 12,000 i. I ^ I.. i f 8,000 IT / Jt Jc.:'-. ,1 T a 1>,000 A 1 \ "*" " ' i 1951 1952 (953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 LAKE ELSINORE NEAR ELSINORE (STA 89) 147 PLATE 5 I STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS SANTA ANA REGION (NO. 8) Station Number Station Name 50b Warm Creek near Colton 50c Warm Creek at San Bernardino 51 Santa Ana River near Arlington 51a Santa Ana River below Prado Dam 51b Santa Ana River near Mentone 51e Santa Ana River near Norco 86 Chino Creek near Chino 59 Lake Elsinore, North Shore PLATE 5 T Z S , rrr I KEY MAP LEGEND #'"■ SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATION ■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN 61STRICT SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS SANTA ANA REGION (NO. 8) 1959 SCALE OF MILES ' ? ? f I LEGEND # ' SURFACE WATER MONITORING STATIC ■ SEWASE WASTE DISCHARGE A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE STATE OF CAl THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN fliSTRICT SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS SANTA ANA REGION{NO 8) 1959 SCALE OF MILES San Diego Region (No. 9) The San Diego Region (No. 9) comprises the drainage area of streams flowing to the Pacific Ocean in the 90-raile reach between the City of Corona Del Mar and the California-Mexico border. It has an average width of about k'^ miles and includes portions of Orange, Riverside, and San Diego Counties. The area of the region is about 3,870 square miles, of which about 3, 3^0 are mountains and foothills while only 530 square miles are valley and mesa lands. The principal streams of the San Diego Region are the Santa Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, Sweetwater, Otay, and Tia Juana Rivers, and San Juan Creek. The San Luis Rey and Santa Margarita Rivers have the largest drainage basins wholly within the region; the largest basin is the Tia Juana River, which is about 27 per- cent in California and 73 percent in Mexico. The natural runoff from these eight principal streams averages about 280,000 acre-feet per year. Steep slopes and sparse chaparral-type vegetation, with some conifers at the higher elevations, are characteristic features of the drainage basins. The climate is mild but relatively arid. The local water supply is insufficient to support the combined water demands of the urban, industrial, and agricultural developments in the region. Water imported through the facilities of The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California from the Colorado River supplements the local supply. The seven stream basins monitored for surveillance of surface water quality in the San Diego Region and the number of stations main- tained on each stream (in parentheses) are shown in the following -IU9- San Diego Region (No. 9) The San Diego Region (No. 9) comprises the drainage area of streams flowing to the Pacific Ocean in the 90-raile reach between the City of Corona Del Mar and the California-Mexico border. It has an average width of about 45 miles and includes portions of Orange, Riverside, and San Diego Counties. The area of the region is about 3,870 square miles, of which about 3, 3^0 are mountains and foothills while only 530 square miles are valley and mesa lands. The principal streams of the San Diego Region are the Santa Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, Sweetwater, Otay, and Tia Juana Rivers, and San Juan Creek. The San Luis Rey and Santa Margarita Rivers have the largest drainage basins wholly within the region; the largest basin is the Tia Juana River, which is about 27 per- cent in Calif ornia and 73 percent in Mexico. The natural runoff from these eight principal streams averages about 280,000 acre-feet per year. Steep slopes and sparse chaparral -type vegetation, with some conifers at the higher elevations, are characteristic features of the drainage basins. The climate is mild but relatively arid. The local water supply is insufficient to support the combined water demands of the urban, industrial, and agricultural developments in the region. Water imported through the facilities of The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California from the Colorado River supplements the local supply. The seven stj*eam basins monitored for surveillance of surface water quality in the San Diego Region and the number of stations main- tained on each stream (in parentheses) are shown in the following -IU9- tabulation: Santa Margarita River (l) San Diego River (l) San Luis Rey River (l) Forester Creek (l) Escondido Creek (l) Spring Valley Creek (l) San Dieguito River (l) The quality of the natural streajn flows in the region is variable, and ranges from good to very poor. At stations where flows consist primarily of sewage wastes, the quality ranges from good to unsatisfactory for either domestic or irrigation use. The less than normal rainfall in the winter of 1958-59 resulted in little or no runoff and many of the monitoring stations vrere dry for much of 1959- The continuing drought had no significant effect on the quality of surface waters in the region. -150- Santa Margarita River Basin The Santa Margarita River is the principal stream in the northern portion of the Ssui Diego Region. It drains a watershed area of about jkO square miles between the San Jacinto and Palomar Mountain ranges. About l60 square miles of the basin are valley and mesa lands; 580 square miles are mountainous. The Santa Rosa Plateau separates the basin into an inland unit drained by the Temecula Creek and Murrieta Creek, and a coastal unit drained by the Santa Margarita River. Mean annual runoff from the basin is estimated at 3^,300 acre-feet. Precipitation in the basin varies widely from year to year and occasional heavy winter storms cause flood damage. Rainfall rates are significantly heavier along the coast than in inland areas. The economy of the basin is based principally on diversified agriculture. Most irrigation water is supplied from wells, although supplementary supplies are available from a number of surface reservoirs on the Santa Margarita River system. A United States Naval Reservation is an important activity in the coastal portion of the basin. The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality in the basin is Santa Margarita near Fallbrook. It is discussed on page 152. -151- SANTA MARGARITA RIVER NEAR FALLBROOK (STA. 51c) Sampling Point . Station 51c is located in Section 12 of Township 9 South, Range h West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the left bank, 2 miles north of the Fallbrook Public Utility District gage on the Santa Margarita River. Period of Record . February 1951 through 1939' Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 51c is sodium bicarbonate-chloride in character, very hard, and meets mineral quality standards for drinking water. Specific conductance values place this water in class 2 for irrigation use. Significant Water Quality Changes . Greater than normal precipitation in the 1957-58 rainfall season resulted in a large reduction in mineral concentrations, which in the preceding seven years had been gradually increasing. Dry weather in the 1958-59 season has caused a subsequent increase of mineral content. .152- WATER QUALITY RANGES Its Haxlfflum of R«cord Hlnljmn of Racord fUxlnun 1959 Hlnlniai 1959 Spaclflc conductance (itlcronhoe at 25^C) TeHperature In °F DLssolred oxygen In parts per nlXllon Percent saturation PH 87 19 231 9A 561 li.e 55 7.1 1,W» 79 12. lie e.2 l-lkS 55 59 7-3 Mineral constitaenta in [>art3 per itllllon Calclim (Ca) Kagneelum (Mg) Sodiun (Na) Potassiim (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (HCO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) nuoride (?) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 113 39 22U 5.5 3'' "•95 171 U68 15 0.6 0.57 liO 5k 5 23 2.7 0.0 116 8lt 97 0.0 0.0 0.06 25 7'> 3'' 19't 3 0, '•73 106 185 0, 0. 0. 30 00 57 7* 3k 126 3.0 0.00 317 106 139 0.00 O.k 0.16 30 Total dl 3 solved solids in parts per nlllion Percent soditM Hardness as CaCOj In parts p«r million Total Noncarbonate Inrbidity in parts per million 977 68 Ut7 9k 700 520 U2 1U2 713 53 368 78 ko Colifom in most probable nunber per milliliter Radioactivity In nicro-Blcro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 2k, 000 1 0.60 0.83 19.13 10.69 O.I15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 130 .60 .28 .65 713 k5 325 _< 5 2.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS SA*JTA MARGARITA RIVER NEAR FALLBROOK (STA 51c ) 153 San Luis Rey River Basin The San Luis Rey River Basin occupies the north central portion of the San Diego Region. Its drainage area is about 5^5 square miles, of which 505 square miles are mountainous and about 60 square miles are mesa and valley lands. It is bounded on the north by the Palomar Mountains, and on the south by the Merriam and San Marcos Mountains. The headwaters area of San Luis Rey River are in the mountains surrounding Lake Henshaw. From Lake Henshaw the river flows about 50 miles in a westerly direction to the ocean near Oceanside. The mean annual runoff of the San Luis Rey River is estimated at 62,200 acre-feet. Rainfall is sparse, and usually occurs only in the winter and spring. Water rarely flows in the reach of the river from Pala to the ocean except after extremely heavy rainstorms. In 1959 "the station at PsLLa was dry throughout the year. Above Pala, water is diverted from San Luis Rey River at a point 5 miles below Henshaw Dam and exported from the basin to Lake Wohlford on Escondido Creek from where it supplies the communities of Escondido and Vista. Lake Henshaw has never filled since its construction in 1922; in 1959 it stored very little water. Lake Henshaw is the only body of water aivailable for recreational use in the river basin. The econony of the basin is based on irrigated agriculture. The surface water supplies are not sufficient to meet the water require- ments in the basin. Most of the irrigation water is drawn from wells. In 1959 a portion of the basin's water requirements downstream from Pala was supplied by the importation of Colorado River water. There are no -15^+- significant waste discharges to the stream system above the sampling station. The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality in San Luis Rey River is San Luis Rey near Pala. It is discussed on page I56. ■155- SAN mis REY RIVER NEAR PALA (STA. 62) Sampling Point . Station 62 is located in Section 36 of Township 9 South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank below Pala Diversion Dam and the United States Geological Survey summer gage, 1.8 miles east of Pala. Period of Record . March 1951 through 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is calcium- sodium bicarbonate- sulfate in character and very hard. It Is class 1 for irrigation and meets drinking water standards for mineral quality. Significant Water Quality Changes . The mineral content in 1959 increased slightly over that of 1958> but has remained nearly uniform for the nine year period of record. There was little flow from January to June 1959 and the station was dry the remainder of the year. .156. WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Maxljnujn of Record Mlnlnun of Record Maximum - ]9>9 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C) Temperature In °F DlaoolTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH 818 7S 10.8 109 8-? ?9f ?0 ? Ii8 7.0 697 66 10.5 106 lJi_ 610 61 6.1, Z.2- Mineral constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potasslun (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOv) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (HO1) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (3102) 66 26 SO 5 11 ?50 152 91 b.<. 0.6 0.27 ?0 3li 1? 32 3.8 0.0 100 k5 20 0.0 0.1 0.0 15 62 22 50 k.6 0.0 156 152 U5 0.0 0.1 0.00 35 62 22 U2 I1.6 0.0 151 152 38 0.0 0.1 0.00 35 Total dissolTed solids in parts per alllion Percent sodivM Hardness as CaCOj in parts per million Total Noncarbonate Torbidity in parts per million 500 272 122 29 318 12 118 I16 500 30 217 121 < 5 500 27 228 100 < 5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter RadioactiTlty in micro-micro curies par liter DissolTed alpha Solid alpha DissolTed beta Solid beta 2,llOO l.M* 0.62 19.90 31-33 .U5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 700 0.00 0.09 0.17 2.73 lj.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS u o P OJ 900 800 700 600 500 IjOO 300 200 100 I mkg '/^i::::::::::' ^\r< .5..i ',. I": ft 1991 I; 1932 m 1953 1934 :::!:s 1955 r.s.:. 1956 1957 7:1 1958 1959 SAN LUIS REY RIVER NEAR PALA (STA.62) 157 Escondido Creek Basin Escondido Creek Basin is located in the central portion of the San Diego Region. The watershed area of 215 square miles consists of 165 square miles of mountainous terrain and about 50 square miles of valley and foothill lands. Escondido Creek extends about 20 miles southwesterly from Lake Wohlford to the ocean at San Eli jo Lagoon. The mean annual jninoff of Escondido Creek is estimated to be about if, 000 acre-feet. Lake Wohlford Reservoir stores local surface water and waters imported from the San Luis Rey River and the Colorado River. Water from Lake Wohlford is used for municipal purposes in the City of Escondido and at Vista, and for irrigation in the Escondido Valley and around Vista. The use at Vista constitutes an export. The reservoir is also used for electric power production and recreation. Agriculture is highly developed in the valley and foothill areas and water for irrigation is obtained from both surface and underground sources. The major discharge of waste water to Escondido Creek is effluent from the City of Escondido' s sewage treatment plant (1.0 mgd). A granite quarry discharges cutting-waste water and mud to the stream near Harmony Grove at various times. The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality in Escondido Creek is Escondido Creek near Harmony Grove. It is discussed on page 160. -159- ESCONDIDO CREEK NEAR HARMONY GROVE (STA. 63) Sampling Point . Station 63 is located in Section 30 of Township 12 South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected at the Harmony Grove Road crossing at the culvert, h miles south of Escondido. Period of Record . March 1951 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The flow of Escondido Creek is primarily effluent from the City of Escondido sewage treatment plant. The water is sodium chloride- sulfate in character, very hard, class 2 for irrigation, and generally does not meet drinking water mineral quality standards. Boron is usually present in quantities greater than O.5 ppm. Significant Water Quality Changes. None. -loO- WATER QUALITY RANGES Ita Haxlnum of Record Hlnlnim of Record (Uxlmun - 195? Hlnlntn - 1959 Specific conductence (mlcromhoe at 25°C) Taaperature In °F Dl9»olTed oxygen In parts par million Percent saturation PH Mineral constituents in parte per million Calcim (Ca) Hagneslun (Hg) Sodium (Na) PoUssiw (K) Carbonate (COi) Bicarbonate {nOO-j) Sulfate (SOr) Chloride (CI) nitrate (NOi) nuorlde (?) Boron (B) Silica (SIO2) 3.012 83 22 161 JJ_ 33fl 116 O.lt a.o 6.6 1,970 Ik 10.0 100 aji- 1.668 5U 3.1i 31 89 61 30lj 18.U 31 351 33S li50 52.1 1.2 1.68 30 17 6 38 8.5 0.0 62 Uo k5 0.2 0.2 _J 87 39 259 17 12 299 293 312 21 0.5 0.62 _22 6li 35 217 16 0.0 235 261 236 18 O.U 0.50 _2Q Total diseolTed solids in parts per allllon Percent sodl\B Hardness as CaC03 in parts p«r Billion Total Noncarbonate Turbidity in parts per Billion 1,375 69 881 179 3,500 200 Ui 67 15 < 5 1,151 62 369 153 300 l,031i 58 3?0 118 < 5 Colifomi in Bost probable nunber per milliliter RadioactlTlty In micro-micro curies per liter QissolTed alpha Solid alpha UssolTed beta SoUd beta 70,000 0.65 0.09 12.90 15. 8U 0.1(5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6,200 0.10 0.09 12.90 6.68 O.t.5 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS ESCONOIDO CREEK NEAR HARMONY GROVE (STA 63) 161 San Dieguito Hiver Basin The San Dieguito Klver Basin is .located in the central part of the San Diego Region. The vratershed area of 32? square miles consists of 29^ square miles of mountainous terrain, and about 33 square miles of foothills and valley plain. San Dieguito River flows a distance of about 53 miles in a southwesterly direction from the Volcan Mountains to the ocean near Del Mar. Above its confluence with its principal tribu- tary, Santa Maria Creek, it is named Santa Ysabel Creek. Mean annual runoff of the basin has been estimated at J+3)800 acre feet. Precipitation is extremely variable, and most of the stream flow ceases soon after winter storms. Tv/o reservoirs store the greater part of the surface flovr; Southerland Reservoir on Santa Ysabel Creek, and Lake Hodges on San DicgulLo Hiver. In j-ecent years thcrp has been no flow recorded in the reach between Lake Hodges and the ocean. Lake Hodges in 1959 storeci 0''il;/ CoLo-auo ilivci- water conve;/ed by the San Diego Aqueduct of the l-'etropolltan Wator District oP Scjutliern California to o.'in Die-c •.Jounty Writer Authorities distr lout ion system. Southerland ;-;csei-voir aas stoi'evi ve^'y little wJ.'ter since its coiist.ruction was C(;n;ijielccj in 19>''i . liotli reservoirs are used for llj:]lted recreational .)i)ri;oses . Th(! economy of i-i'ie basin is agricultural, and the valley lands are used for cattle grazing, dry fannin,g, and irrigated orchards and crops. The local water siipplies are insufficient for present develop- ment and supplemental water supplies are imported from the Colorado River. ■162- There are no significant vmste discharges entering the stream channels of the San Dieguito River system. The one station established in the San Die^ito River Basin to maintain surveillance of surface water quality is San Dieguito River below San Pasqual Valley, It is discussed on page l6U. -163- SAN DIEGUrrO RIVER BELOW SAN PASQUAL VALLEY (STA. 6U) Sampling Point . Station 6h is located in Section 1 of Township 13 South, Range 2 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the right bank, 75 yards upstream from the United States Geological Survey gage which is 2.5 miles upstream from the Highway 395 bridge or U.5 miles southeast of Escondido and 5 miles west of San Pasqual. Period of Record . April 1951 through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is predominant- ly a sodium-chloride or sodium-bicarbonate type, with calcium, or some- times magnesium, as the secondary cation. It is moderately hard to very hard water, usually class 1 for irrigation use, and meets drinking water mineral quality standards. Significant Water Quality Changes . None . -l6U. WATER QUALITY RANGES ItoB Maxlnura of Record Mlnlaum of Record Maxljnun - 1959 | (11nljina» - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcromnos at 2S'>C) 1,235 Tnaperature In °F 95 HaaolTed oxjrgen In parts par million 10.8 Percent saturation I33 pH 8. It 192 No Flow during 1959 50 6.0 75 7.2 Mineral conatltaenta In parta per Billion Calcl\ra (Ca) 69 Magnesium (Mg) l»7 Sodlun (Na) lllO Potaeslian (K) 7.2 Carbonate (CO3) 17 Bicarbonate (HOO3) 349 Sulfate (SOl) I36 Chloride (Cl) I87 Nitrate (NO1) 1.8 riuorlde (F) O.6O Boron (B) O.lU Silica (3102) IK) 19 7 10 2.2 83 11 12 0.00 o.Uo 0.00 20 Total dlsaolTed solids in parta per wHlion 7£0 Percent sodl\a 67 Hardness as CaC03 in parta per Billion Ttotal 367 Noncarbonate 120 Ittrbldlty In parts per million 1,750 130 38 112 15 2 Collform In most probable number par milliliter 21*, 000 Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter DissolTed alpha 0.26 Solid alpha 0.00 Dissolved beta 33.72 SoUd beta 8.53 2.3 0.00 0.00 11.31 O.OQ WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS i,uoo . 1,200 i ^ 1,000 1 __. So -1 S ^ " r t' ""■ s ^ 800 1 1 1: 1 i| 600 ,._ 11 i I uoo ..L 1 \r — 200 <) 8 1 SC-^ . 7 JJ.S. 6 ,1S - - 5 + » -^ •^ 5 -|- 4- - - Ski ■' 1 3 . I 3,1 - T t t j| 1 • Tt't Y + Q 2 11. 1..^.. 1 -R-4-l^ t-- 1 . ,, , ...1. IS.ill, \i 1 ■ 1 1f"f' 1 1" ...... \ J. J,. 1 ' 11,, J ...}.. 4SONOJ«M«tlJjASONOjrilAMjJ*SONO>'ll*M>jaSO>«0J)MAMjja9ON0 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 SAN DIE6UIT0 RIVER NEAR SAN PASQUAL VALLEY (STA 64 ) 165 San Diego River Basin The San Diego River Basin is located in the south central part of the San Diego Region. The watershed has an area of ^39 square miles, consisting of 393 square miles of mountainous terrain and about k2 square miles of mesa and valley lands. The headwater area lies in the Cuyamaca Mountains near Julian. The river system, about ^5 miles long, drains two inland veilley basins and coastal Mission Valley before discharging into Mission Bay, near San Diego. The mean annual runoff of the San Diego River is estimated at '^k,600 acre-feet. Precipitation in the basin is highly variable and occvirs prin- cipally as rainfall in the winter and spring and infrequently as summer storms of high intensity. Precipitation in the coastal area is somewhat lighter than in the interior areas. Stream flow is conserved at three principal reservoirs: Cuyamaca, El Capitan, and San Vicente. Cuyamaca Reservoir is located in the headwater area on Boulder Creek. El Capitan Reservoir is situated about midway on the main stem of the San Diego River. San Vicente Reservoir is located on San Vicente Creek, a tributary to the San Diego River downstream from El Capitan Reservoir. There are also a number of smaller reservoirs on the stream system. San Vicente Reservoir stores Colorado River water imported for municipal use in the City of San Diego. All reservoirs are open for fishing. Economic activity in San Diego River Basin has been agricultural but it is rapidly being urbanized. Residential, commercial, and light industrial activities are increasing as the City of San Diego expands. Irrigated agriciilture utilizes ground water s\jpplies primarily, supple- mented in some areas by surface supplies of both local and imported waters. -166- Urban water supplies in the lov/er basin are primarily imported while ground water supplies these needs in the upper basin. Current use of imported water exceeds the average annual natural supply. The major waste water discharges to the streajn channels are effluents from sewage treatment plants. The largest waste discharge is that of the City of El Cajon, amounting to about 2.1 ragd. Some of it is used for irrigation of a golf course and a ball park, but the greater part of the flow is discharged to Forester Creek, tributary to San Diego River. Other w Mineral constituents in parts per Billion Calciun (Ca) Magnesium (Hg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (COj) Bicarbonate (HOO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOj) Fluoride (?) Boron (8) Silica (SiOj) 156 120 U92 lli 26 683 311. 1,060 li5 7.3 0.66 50 16 7 a2 2.7 57 lU 51* 0.06 5 103 60 332 Ih 35I4 253 1j90 5 0.7 0,65 20 99 50 278 13 22? 25? 38"; 6.6 0.5 IS Total dissolved solids in parts per Billion Percent sodiia Hardness as CaCOj In parta per million Total Noncarbonate Tiirbidily in parts per million 2,779 ^9 983 610 2,000 2U1 1*3 70 ?3 < 5 1,U39 59 U96 313 liOO 1,388 56 U51 171 < 5 Coliform in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 700 0.81 1-35 13.58 15.23 700 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.1i9 0.28 5.00 6-112 13 0.20 0.16 l.?8 2.1Q WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1,?00 " 1,000 a ^ 800 •S 600 I Uoo 200 5,000 z:'V 'i ,:::: SAN DIEGO RIVER AT MISSION DAM (STA. 65) 169 FORESTER CREEK AT MISSION GORGE ROAD (STA. 65a) Sampling Point . Station 65a is located in Section 28 of Township 15 South, Range 1 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected from the center of the stream just upstream from Mission Gorge Road. Period of Record . March 195^ through 1959. Water Quality Characteristics . The water at Station 65a is sodium chloride -sulfate in character, class 2 for irrigation, and very hard. It does not meet drinking water standards for mineral constituents. Significant Water Quality Changes . Bacterial counts were high in 1959^ reaching a maximum of 62,000 MPN/ml. -170- WATER QUALITY RANGES Item HaxUnum of Record Mlninun of Record MajdjnuM - 1959 Mlnloiun 1959 Specific conductance (mlcronhoa at 2S°C) Temperature in °F Dissolved oxygen in parts par million Percent saturation PH 2,381 8lt 15.0 179 8.1 1,531 57 0.0 0.0 6.8 2,100 81. ll».0 159 8j^ 1,71*2 67 0.00 0.00 7.3 Mineral constltaenta in parta per million Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) Carbonate (CO3) Bicarbonate (MCO3) Sulfate (SOl) Chloride (CI) Nitrate (NOi) Fluoride (F) Boron (B) Silica (Si02) 101 65 320 22 0.00 1.59 337 U82 129 1.0 1.08 25 52 3lt 180 15 0.00 110 123 251 0.00 o.u 0.2l» 5 85 UO 253 18 0.00 U59 255 329 0.00 0.7 0.82 20 69 20lt 16 0.00 305 255 262 0.00 O.U O.U5 20 Ibtal dissolved solids in parts per million Percent sodlva Hardness as CaC03 In parts per million Total Noncarbonate Itorbidity in parts per million 1,510 63 U51 278 uoo 929 '►9 210 < 5 1,193 63 376 97 UO 1,050 U9 310 < ? Collfonn in most probable number per milliliter Radioactivity in micro-micro curies par liter Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta 62,000 1*5 62,000 o.uo o.u? 18.50 15.1*5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.1*0 0.1*7 3.39 9.18 230 0.00 0.00 2.10 2.21* WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 500 liOO 300 200 100 --1- T y i f5 ,> : ' ' ' >'■' ^ ,-. /'• T " 1 >..'' ^ o o CO ■i , 2 3,000 2,000 1,000 '■sv::::z/:S 1951 1952 1953 jFMAMjjASONQjFMAHJJASONOjFMkUJJASOMCJrMAtlJJASONOjFMAMJJASONOJrMAUjJASONOjFMAItJjAtOltO 1954 1955 1956 1957 'AX) 1958 SiZ PMAHJJASONC jrMAHjJASONC 1959 FORESTER CREEK AT MISSION GORGE ROAD (STA. 65a) 17! Sveetvater River Basin Sweetwater River Basin is located in the southern portion of the San Diego Region. The drainage area consists of about l80 square miles of mountainous terrain. The source of the Sweetwater River is the western slopes of the Cuyaraaca and Laguna Mountains, from which the river flows southwesterly 57 miles to San Diego Bay, near National City. The mean annual runoff is estimated to be about 17,700 acre-feet. Sweetwater Reservoir, near La Pressa, and Loveland Lake Reservoir, upstream near Alpine, conserve most of the surface water flow. Imported Colorado River water is also stored in Sweetwater Reservoir. Surface water supplies are used for irrigation, municipal, and industrial purposes. The lower Sweetwater River Basin is rapidly chang- ing from agriculture to an urban complex. The only waste water discharge to the stream system of signifi- cant magnitude is effluent from the Spring Valley sewage treatment plant (0.7 ragd). The waste is discharged to Spring Valley Creek, tributary to Sweetwater River below Sweetwater Dam. The one station established to maintain surveillance of surface water quality on the Sweetwater River system is Spring Valley Creek near La Pressa. It is discussed on page 17'+. ■173- SPRING VALLEY CREEK NEAR LA PRESSA (STA. 65b) Sampling Point . Station 65b is located in Section 1? of Township 17 South, Range 1 West, San Bernardino Base and Meridian. Samples were collected downstream from the Spring Valley Sewage Treatment Plant near La Pressa. Period of Record . March 1958 through 1959- Water Quality Characteristics . The water at this station is sodium chloride in character and extremely hard. It is unsuitable for recog- nized beneficial uses. Significant Water Quality Changes . Although the quality of the water was very poor in 1959? it showed a slight improvement over that of 1958' The specific conductance values varied from 1,112 to ^,^8^4- micromhos and total dissolved solids ranged from 2, OlU to 3>036 ppm in 1959« ■Ilk- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itam MaxUnum of Record Minimum of Record Maximum - 1959 Minimum - 1959 Specific conductance (mlcrorahos at 250C) 5,058 IBmperature In °F Bh nissolvod oxygen In parts per million 17-0 Percent saturation 210 pH 8A 3,172 U,i^ 3,172 59 81. 62 7.6 11.0 7.6 80 135 90 7.6 8.2 7.6 Mineral constituents in parts per million Calcium (Ca) 215 Magnoslv.r, (Mg) lllO Sodium (Na) 68U Potassium (Kl I3 Carbonate (CO3) 0.00 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 14,9 Sulfate (SOl) 1^5 Chloride (CI) 1,260 Nitrate (NO3) 61,5 Fluoride (F) 1.0 Boron (B) 0.75 Silica (SIO2) 30 121 206 121 78 105 78 1*26 612 1.26 3.0 13 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 320 1.29 320 350 U27 350 673 1,060 673 26 1.8 26 O.U 0.6 0.5 0.52 0.75 O.^k 10 30 30 Total dissolved solids In parts per million 3>260 Percent sodloi 59 Hirdness as CaCOi In parts per million Total 1,108 Noncarbonate T^tO Turbidity in parts per million 30 2,011. 3,036 2,0lU 56 59 57 625 966 625 355 651. 355 < 5 30 < 5 Collf orm in most probable number per milliliter TOO Radioactivity In micro-micro curies par liter Dissolved alpha O.5I Solid alpha O.SU Dissolved beta 6. 71 Solid beta 1*-15 23 700 23 0.17 0.51 0.17 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.25 3-27 0.25 0.00 0.67 0.00 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS T I 1 . _ ._ 2,000 T r 1- T \ » 1.000 J- ::-;: :;:::^;:::: u ^s- •5 5,000 _ -. _ -- -- i ->./ T l*,000 _. _ _ i \ 0^ 3.-J4- CO "•" - o*^ 3,000 -- t 3 4J C * CB ' ~~- ---- " 2 ■§ 2,000 -0 , 3 + 1,000 -- -r - - <- ■» _ _ 2 """ 1 "" J 1 ^ f > i\ 4 5 ". "' .n "■ ASONDjFH*lljjASONOjra*Mjj«SOMI)jPIIAIIjjaSON0jrM«MjJ*9ON0 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 SPRING VALLEY CREEK NEAR LA PRESSA {STA.65b) 175 Tia Juana River Basin The Tia Juana River Basin is located both in Mexico and the United States. The portion in the United States is adjacent to the southern boundary of the San Diego Region. The total watershed area is about 1,6^5 square miles of which only about 510 square miles are in the United States. The major portion of the area in the United States is the Cottonwood Creek drainage vAiich originates in the Laguna Mountains and flows westerly and southerly into Mexico to join the Tia Juana River. The Tia Juana River then flows back into the United States and discharges into the ocean about one-quarter of a mile north of the International Boundary. The mean annual runoff of Cottonwood Creek at the International Boundary is estimated to be about 39^000 acre-feet. The mean annual flow of the Tia Juana River at the International Boundary including flow from both countries is estimated to be about 90,000 acre-feet. The flow of Cottonwood Creek is essentially developed by Morena and Barrett Dams in the United States. The flow of the major portion of the Tia Juana River watershed in Mexico is regulated by Rodriguez Reservoir. Surface W9.ter flow in the Tia Juana River in California is rare and only occurs after heavy rains. The development in the Cottonwood Creek drainage area consists of sparsely settled ranches and some recreational areas. The Tia Juana River Valley in California is primarily agricultural with urban encroach- ment occurring. Water for irrigation is developed by wells. The one station established for surveillance of surface water quality in the Tia Juana River Basin is Tia Juana River at International Boundary. It is discussed on page IT^. -177- TIA .WiKlk 1>T:1^' ■VKKV.kTlO^'iAL .^OfJiCDAHY (STA. 66) .■■larro:i.iv:>;; Poi ■'. . 3t;;.t. 'on 66 i.^ located in Section 1 of Township 19 oOiit.h, 15p-vif:c 2 West, Sht; He--r:-:riLr.o '"■z^sg .-ind Meridian. 3o-!ples were collected arori tiiC rif-ht bank - ' • '■ lirornia yaUer and Telephone Company ija~c, 2.5 T?.iler> upstream irar) Hestor Brid.^e. Perlon of Recor-rl . April 19D1 throuf-h 1959. Water Quality Characteristic n . The vater at i.i:is otaLion is snciiiuri chloride-bicarbonate in or.araci.er- Mineral quality varies with the hi.E:hly variable quantities of flow, ranging fror. excellent, to unsuitable for recognized beneficial uses. Significant Water Quali'cy Changes . This station was dry at a^ 1 tinrs visited in 1959- -178- WATER QUALITY RANGES Itm MaxUnum of Record Mlnlmm of Record] Maxljiiam - 1959 MlnloHm - 1959 jpjelflc conductance (mlcromhos at 25°C) 3,076 {■perature In °? 95 BtaolTed oxygen In parts per million 21.0 Percent saturation Zkk * 8.7 * ' station Dry wit 1 no flow ,7 at the times of the I959 ■" Bl -monthly vial ;■ k.O 39 7.V Haval constituents In parts per million Calcium (Ca) 131 lignesiuffl (Hg) 62 Sodium (Na) 350 FOtassiun (K) 13-2 Cwlionate (CO3) 36 Bicarbonate (HCO3) 627 Sulfate (SOj^) IT* Chloride (CI) 6I13 1 Ktrate (NO3) 6A Fluoride (F) 0.8 •iron (B) 0.U6 Silica (Si02) 21 26 10 67 3.3 0.00 103 '•3 75 0.5 o.k 0.00 20 Mil dissolved solids in parts per million 1,625 taeent sodiua 6"* lariness as CaCOj in parts per million Tbtal 57"* loncarbonate 292 Urtiditisr in parts per miUion 5,000 338 55 102 17 10 JoUfora in most probable nunber per milliliter 700,000 Hidloactlvlty in micro-micro curies per liter Dissolved alpha 0.21 SoUd alpha 0.00 Dissolved beta 0.00 Solid beta 10.52 1^5 0.21 0.00 0.00 10.52 WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS 1,000 L J. S 800^.... , 1 1 - 600^ ,.l....^.A 'i.A ...(L... 2 i.00. ' ..I i aoo 1 ._. _ i 3 ' S CJ 3.000 . . . -L T ' r- Jii ...y.L ::T. 1 j 3 ^ ---!-.- , 1: 2,000 1 1 .(:... 1 :.... i ' ' oB . ._._ i__ ... __ eg y - i! 1,000 : &3 w : ::::.::::::::^::::::::?::::,::::::::::::::::4 ±__.__. . 1 Ifi 1. 1 1 , 12 4. ^ ^-^1^ + !■-'. T -r 10 -J--4. [ 1 + ° +8 Z ^ IT w 8.1 ]. 1 1 6^ , I I 1 ° 2 Q.B 1 ! 1 , : .:. ..1 .1... 1951 1952 1953 1954 195 5 1956 1957 1958 1959 TIA JUANA RIVER AT INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY (STA.66) 179 KEY MAP Station Number 51c Sa 62 Sa 63 Es 6U Sa 65 Sa 65a Po 65b Sp 66 Ti LEGEND 0^*° SUnWCE WATER MONFTOHING STATION ■ SEWAGE WASTE DISCHARGE A INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN DISTRICT SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS SAN DIEGO REGION (NO. 9) 1959 SCALE OF MILES 33-00 — 32'«5 — JJ'50 — station Wumber 51c 62 63 6h 65 65a 65b 66 STREAM SAMPLING STATIONS SAH DIEGO REGION (NO. 9) Station Name Santa Margarita River near FaULbrook San Luis Rey River near Pala Escondido Creek at Harmony Grove San Dieguito River near San Pasqual Valley San Diego River at Old Mission Dam Forerter Creek at Mission Gorge Road Spring Valley Creek near La Pressa Tia Juan a River at International Boundary APPENDIX A r-llTHODS, PROCEDURES, AND CRITERIA APPEtroiX A t/ETHODS, PROCEDURES, AW CRITERIA TABLE OF COLfrENTS APPENDIX A Page Field Methods and Procedures A- 2 Laboratory Methods and Procedures A- 3 Water Quality Criteria A- 6 Criteria for Drinking Water A- 6 Criteria for Irrigation Water A-10 Criteria for Industrial Water A-10 Criteria for Fish and Aquatic Life A-11 TABLES Table No. Page A-1 Types of Analysis A- 4 A-2 Limiting Concentrations of Mineral Constituents in Drinking Water A- 7 A- 3 Hardness Classification of Waters U. S. Geological Survey A- 9 A-k Qualitative Classification oi' Irrigation Waters A-11 A- 5 Water Quality Tolerance for Industrial Uses A-12 A-1 Field Methods and Procedures Agencies which participated in the field sampling program dur- ing 1959 together with the number of stations sampled by each agency are: Number of stations Agency sampled Department of Water Resources 47 The Metropolitan Vfeter District of Southern California 2 Los Angeles City Health Department 1 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power 1 Long Beach City Health Department 1 City of San Bernardino _2 Total 54 Water samples are collected in May and Septeniber for mineral, radiological, bacteriological, and heavy metals analyses. In the north- em portion of the Southern District water samples are collected monthly, and in the southern portion bimonthly for partial mineral and bacterio- logical analyses. Colorado River stations are sampled only twice a year. Cooperating agencies supply analyses of water samples collected monthly at five program stations. The water samples collected for bacteriological examination are kept in portable ice boxes until delivered to the labora- tory. All water samples are transported to the laboratories as expedi- tiously as possible. At the time the samples are collected for laboratory examination field determinations are made for dissolved oxygen (DO), by the modified Winkler method; water temperature; and pH. Visual inspection is made of the stream or lake and the physical conditions are noted. A- 2 V/here possible, the sampling stations have been selected so as to be at or near stream gaging stations so that gage heights can also be recorded at the time the water samples are collected. Instanta- neous stream discharges at the time of sample collection are then obtained. Laboratory Methods and Procedures Methods of mineral and bacterial analysis, in general, are those described in the American Public ileeilth Association publication "Standard Methods for the Eixamination of Water and Sewage," 10th Edition, 1955 • In some cases, the methods described in the following publica- tions also have been employed: U. S. Geological Survey, "Methods of V/ater Analysis," 1950. California Department of Public 'Jorks, Division of V/ater Resovirces, "Methods of Analysis," October 1955* Tfeible A-1 indicates the constituents analyzed for in the various types of analysis performed in connection \-ri. th this program. A-3 "HAEU: A-1 TYPES OF ANALYSIS Constituent : Standard : : mineral : Partial mineral Bacterial j j'adiological Specific Conductance pH^ Total dissolved solids Percent Sodium Hardness Turbidity Coliform Temperature^ Dissolved oxygen^ Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium CsLrtionate Bicarbonate SiLLfate Cliloride Nitrate Fluoride Boron Silica Phosphate Zinc^ Iron*^ Copper"-^ Aluminum^ Manganese'^ Arsenic'^ Hexavalent chromium^ Dissolved alpha Solid alpha Dissolved beta Solid beta X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X a pH is determined both in the field and in the laboratory. b Field determination. c These constituents are normally designated as heavy metals. A-k The methods and procedxzres of sample preparation and determina- tion of radioactivity in surface waters are as follows: I. Sample Preparation A. On receipt in the laboratory, each sample is well, mixed, and two 250-ml portions taken. Each is acidified with a few drops of glacial acetic acid, and two drops of colloidal graphite suspension (Aquadag) added. B. Each portion is filtered under suction through a membrane ("Millipore") filter, which retains suspended particles of approximately 0.2 microns diameter and larger. Filters are treated with an ajitistatic preparation (Merix Anti- Static No. 79-OL) to eliminate any extraneous electrostatic charge. C. The filtrate is placed in a 250-ml volumetric flask, inverted, and the mouth placed in a 1-3/^" x l/h" aluminum culture dish in a "chicken-feeder" type arrangement. The flask is support- ed by a ring stand; the dish rests on a hotplate adjusted so that the sample is taken to dryness at a temperature well below boiling. D. At this point, there are duplicate samples of both suspended solids and dissolved material from each original water sample ready for determination of radioactive content. II. Determination of Radioactivity A. Two determinations are made on each sample, one for gross beta, one for gross alpha radioactivity. This represents a total of eight determinations for each original sample. B. Beta activity is determined with an internal gas flow counter operating in the proportional region, using argon- methane mixture as a flow gas. Background determinations are made before the first sample count each day, and then after each two sample coimts thro\aghout the day. Deter- minations of counter efficiency are made with a reference standard (thallium - 20U) at least twice daily. Each determination of sample and background count rate is made for a total of 1,000 counts. C. Alpha activity is determined with a scintillation counter utilizing an activated zinc sulfide phosphor. Sample, background and efficiency measurements are made in the same manner as are the beta measurements . Uranium 238 is used as an alpha reference standard. Each determina- tion of sample and backgroimd count rate is made for a preset time of 32 minutes. A-5 III. Calculations A. Resijlts are expressed as micro-micro curies per liter (uuc/l). One micro-micro curie is equivalent to 2,22 disintegrations per minute. Four vaJLues are reported for each sample : (a) beta activity in the solids retained on the filter, (b) beta activity in the filtrate (dissolved material), (c) alpha activity in tne solids, and (d) alpha activity in the filtrate. E. Sample counts are corrected for background and geometric efficiency. C. Standard statistical procedures are utilized to compute the 0.9 error. The final result is expressed (symbolically) as X + y uuc/l. This means that in a series of determina- tions on the same sample, the value of x should fall between x - y and x + y, 90io of tne time. Water Quality Criteria Criteria used by the Department of Water Resources in the evaluation of the acceptability of water for the most common beneficial uses £tre described hereinafter. In general, the values presented herein shoiild be considered only as guides to judgment, and not as absolute limiting standards. Criteria for Drinking Water Chapter 7 of the California Health and Safety Code contains laws and standards relating to domestic water supply. Section ^10.5 of this code refers to the drinking water standards promxilgated by the United States Public Health Service for water used on interstate carriers. These criteria have been adopted by the State of California. They are set forth in detail in United States Public Health Report, Volume 61, No. 11, March I5, 1946, reissued in March 195^. A-6 According to Section k.2 of the above-named report, chemiceLL substances in drinking water, either natviral or treated, should not exceed the concentrations shovrn in Table A-2, TABLE A-2 LIMITIiNG CONCEIWRATIOWS OF MINiiiRAL CONSTITUEIttS IN DRIMING WATER United States Public Health Seorvice Drinking Water Standards, 1946 » Constituent Mandatory Fluoride (f) Lead (Pb) Selenium (Se) ^ Hexavalent chromium (Cr ) Arsenic (As) Parts per million 1.5 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 Nonraandatory but Recommended Values Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) together Magnesium (Mg) Chloride (Cl) Sulfate (SOj^) Copper (Cu) Zinc (Zn) Phenolic compounds in terms of phenol Total solids - desirable - permitted 0.3 125 250 250 3.0 15 0.001 500 1,000 Interim standards for certain mineral constituents have recently been adopted by the California State Board of Public Health, Based on these standards, temporary permits may be issued for drinking water failing to meet the United States Public Health Sein/-ice Drinking Vfeter Standards, provided the mineral constituents in the following tabulation are not exceeded. A-7 UPPER LIMITS OF TOTAL SOLIDS MD SELECTED MINERAIfi IN DRINKING WATER AS DELIVERED TO THE CONSUMER Permit Temporary Permit Total solids 500 (lOOO)* I5OO ppm Siili'ates (SOi^) 25O (500)* 60O ppm Chlorides (Cl) 250 (5OO)* 600 ppm Magnesium (Mg) 125 (l25)^ 150 ppm *N\ffiibers in parentheses are maximum permissible, to be used only where no other more suitable waters are available in sufficient quantity for use in the system. The California State Board of Health recently has defined the maximum safe amounts of fluoride ion in drinking water in relation to mean annual temperature. Mean annual Mean monthly maximum temperature fluoride ion concentration in °F in ppm 50 1.5 60 1.0 TO - above O.T The relationship of infant methomoglobinemia (a reduction of oxygen content in the blood, constituting a form of asphyxia) to nitrates in the water supply has led to limitation of nitrates in drinking water. The California State Department of Public Health has recommended a tentative limit of 10 ppm nitrogen {kh ppm nitrates) for domestic waters. Water containing higher concentrations of nitrates may be considered to be of questionable quality for domestic and municipal use. Limits may be established for other organic mineral substances if their presence in water renders it hazardous, in the judgment of state or local health authorities. A-8 An additional factor vrith which water lisers are concerned is hardness, riardness ic due principally to calcium and magnesimn salts and is generally evidenced by inability to develop suds when using soap. The United States Geological Survey has suggested the following fo\ir degrees of hardness: TABLE A-3 HARDNESS CLASSIFICATION OF WATERS U, 3. GEOLOGICAL SURVFi Range of hardness : Relative in parts per m" "1 1 ion ; classification 0-55 Soft 56 - 100 Slightly hard 101 - 200 Moderately hard Greater than 200 Very hard According to the International Commission on EadiologicaJ. Protection ^ tentatively concurred in by the National Committee on Radiation Protection , if the Radium - 226 and Radium - 228 activity in water is substantially less than 10 uuc/l, the maximum permissible con- centration of otherwise unidentified radionuclides in water for individ- \ials in the population at large may be considered to be 100 uuc/l. For the purpose of the environmental survey of surface water made for this report, it has been assumed that the total dissolved and solid alpha activity is derived from Ra and Ra , 1 Report on Decisions of the 1959 Meeting of the International Committee on Radiological Protection (ICRP)". Radiology , Vol, ^h, No, 1, January i960, pp, 116-119, 2 Somatic Radiation Dose for the General Pop\ilation, Ad Hoc Committee of the IJational Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Science , Vol. I3I, No. 3399, February I9, I96O, pp, kQ2-k36, A-9 During the 1959 reporting year, the highest alpha activity observed in monitored surface waters was 1.86 uuc/l. Consequently, it is believed that the maximum permissible concentration of 100 uuc/l, as recommended by the I.C.R.P., was met by all stations sampled in the Surface Water Monitoring Program during 1959* Criteria for Irrigation VJater Because of the diverse climatological conditions, crops, soils, and irrigation practices in California, criteria which may be set up to evaluate the suitability of water for irrigation use must necessarily be of a general nature, and judgment must be used in their application to individual cases. Suggested limiting values for total dissolved solids, chloride concentration, percent sodium and boron concentration for three general classes of irrigation water are shown in Table A-^i-. Criteria for Industrial Water The water quality criteria for the diversified uses of water in industry range from the exacting requirements for make-up water for high pressure boilers to the minimum requirements for water washdown and metallurgical processing. Because of the large number of industrial uses of water and widely varied quality requirements, it is practicable to suggest only very broad criteria of quality. These variable conditions make it desirable to consider water quality requirements in broad and general terms only, and, where possible, for groups of related industries rather than indi- vidually. The general quality requirements of several individual and major groups of water uses are listed in Table A-5. A-10 TABLE k-h QUALITATIVE CLASSIFICATION 01^ IRRIGATION WATERS Class 1 Class 2 CI a. Chemical properties Exceller.-L to [•,oodL (Suitable for :most plants un- der any condi- tions of coil and cliinatc) Good to injurious ;( Possibly harrn- ful for some crops under certain soil conditions) ss : Injurious to : unsatisfactory : (Harmful to : most crops and : ui:sati5factory :for all but the : mosL tolerant) Total dissolved solids In ppm Less than 700 700 In conductance, EC x 10^ Less than 1,000 1,000 Chloride ion concentration 2,000 More than 2,000 3,000 More than 3,000 In milliequivalents per liter In ppm Sodium in percent of "base constituents Boron in ppm Less than 5 Less than 175 Less than 60 Less than 0.5 5-10 More than 10 175 - 350 More than 350 60 - 75 More than 75 0.5 - 2.0 More than 2.0 The values shown in this table are those suggested in the Progress Report of the Committee on Quality of Tolerance of Water for Industrial Uses in the Journal of the Nev England V/ater Works Association, Volume '^k, lohO. Criteria for Fish and Aquatic Life V7ater of suitable quality and quantity is a fundamental require- ment for the existence of an abundant supply of fish and aquatic life. It is very important that water quality conditions be such as to maintain an abundant supply of food required by fish and other desirable forms of aquatic life. Streams utilized for the propagation of fish and aquatic life should be free of toxic or harmful concentrations of mineral and A-11 (A 3 3 a I < g o S 4> e I c a? «• 2 O OB 2S -* o o o 1^ o • e tk. »• 5 1-4 ri I Pi ■a • o K< n a o <4 • « l« X C o o u • o o ■ • (. t^ o I tr\ o • • o > a. I 9 lb SI o o a. a. I • • • *-1 l-l rH III o o o o o. o. cu o. 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A-12 organic substances and excessive t\a:bidity, Ebctensive field and lab- oratory studies conducted by the United States Fish and V/ildlife Service show that, among other things, the water in streams supporting a mixed fauna of fresh water fish such as bluegill, bass, crappie and catfish should have the following properties : (a) Dissolved oxygen not less than 5 Ppm (at least 6 ppm for Salmonids ) , (b) pii range bet^reen 6.5 and 8.5, (c) lonizable salts, as indicated by conductivity, between 150 and 500 nicromhos at 25° Centigrade, and in general not exceeding 1,000 micromhos, (d) Ammonia not exceeding I.5 ppm. Mineral salts of high toxicity to fish are those of silver, mercury, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel, trivalent and hexavalent chromiiim, and others. Some pairs of toxicants, such as copper and zinc (also copper and cadmium, nickel and zinc) are far more toxic when com- bined than when they occior individually. Other toxic substances, when combined neutralize each other through antagonism or chemical reaction (e.g., free cyanide combines with toxic heavy metal cations, such as nickel and copper ions, to form relatively harmless metal locyanide complexes ) , The increasing use of household and industrial detergents, as well as the expansion in the manufacture and use of agriculture insect- icides, poses serious hazards to fish and aqxiatic life. Preliminary studies, for example, indicate that one of the most common household detergents is lethal to relatively haxdy fish at very low concentrations. This detergent was lethal to fish in fresh water at concentrations below A-13 0.1 ppm and belov O.OO5 ppm in salt water. The increar,e in toxicity in salt water can probably be attributed to the fact that marine fishes must ingest water to naintain their osmotic balance. Development and use of water resources, including the constrac- tion of dams for storafre of v/ater, frequently affects water temperatures which in turn affect fish and other aquatic life. Optimiira v/ater tempera- tures for coif! water fish, such ar. trout and salmon, normally lie between 32° and 65° P'b.hrenheit. 'Die cold vra.ter species are generally intolercmt of tenpci-a'Gures above 75° Fahrenheit and vail seek the lower temperature where possible. Waiin v/ater fish such as r.rinnov;s, carp, catfish, perch, sunfish, and bans nornially live in Vvfatcr having temperatures rangin^^ from near 3''^° i-o 06° PVihrcnheit. Acclimatization enables certain warm vrater species to live in waters having temperatures as high as 90" Fahrenheit, althou{^h they will migrate, where possible, to waters below 86° Fahrenheit. A-llt APPENDIX B BASIC DATA TABLE OF CONTENTS APPENDIX B Table No. Page Mneral Analyses B-1 Central Coastal Refjlon (No. 3) B- 3 B-2 Los Angeles Region (No. U) B-11 B-3 Lahontan Region (No. 6) B-27 B-U Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) B-29 B-5 Santa Ana Region (No. 8) B-ij? B-6 San Diego Region (No. 9) B-57 Radiological Assay B-7 Central Coastal Region (Ho. 3) B-65 B-8 Los Angeles Region (No. ^0 B-67 B-9 Lahontan Region (No. 6) B-75 B-10 Colorado River Basin Region (No. 7) B-77 B-11 Santa Ana Region (No. 8) B-88 B-12 San Diego Region (No. 9) B-89 B-1 c y < - UI i (J - K 3 eo u. 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E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant May 195^^ 6-16-54 5.0 9.3 (continued) June 195^ 7- 9-5^+ 6.2 11.2 (Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne, Sta. 69) July 195^+ 8-26-54 4.1 10.4 (continued) Aug. 195^ 9-28-54 4.0 19.7 Sept. 195^ 11-15-54 4.4 17.4 Oct. 195^ 11-20-54 3.9 7.2 Nov. 19 5i^ 1-14-55 5.1 16.7 Dec. 195^ 1-19-55 4.1 9.8 Jaji. 1955 2-25-55 2.4 10.1 Feb. 1955 4- 1-55 5.4 5.4 Mar. 1955 4- 7-55 5.0 22.8 Apr. 1955 5-10-55 2.6 6.0 May 1955 6-10-55 2.7 13.9 June 1955 7- 3-55 4.4 15.8 July 1955 8- 9-55 2.4 18.6 Aug. 1955 9-12-55 3.9 9.7 Sept. 1955 10-23-55 2.7 10.7 Oct. 1955 11-15-55 5.5 15.3 Nov. 1955 12-20-55 3.7 10.5 B-71 TABLE B-8 RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. h) (continued) Analyses Received From The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Date Date of Gross Alpha Gross Beta Source and sampling point sampled analysis uuc/l.* uuc/l." Colorado River at La Verne Influent F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant Dec. 1955 1-31-56 5.0 12. U (continued) Jan. 1956 2-li)-56 5.2 13.4 (Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne, Sta. 69) Feb. 1956 3- 9-56 3-7 lo. 2+2.0 (continued) Mar. 1956 4-10-56 3.h 11.2 Apr. 1956 5-12-56 2.6 11.3 May 1956 6- 9-56 4.2 14.8 June 1956 7-10-56 3.3 2.1 July 1956 8-29-56 4.9 15.4 Aug. 1956 9-15-56 4.5 9.1 Sept. 1956 10-10-56 U.6 14.3 Oct. 1956 11-11-56 h.6 23.1 Nov. 1956 12-10-56 3.8 6.2 Dec. 1956 1-18-57 5.2 11.7 Jan. 1957 2- 9-57 5.6 27.5 Feb. 1957 3-28-57 5.1 20.9 Mar. 1957 i+-l6-57 5.5 14.6 Apr. 1957 5-22-57 4.5 33.0 May 1957 6-13-57 2.9 32.4 June 1957 8- 7-57 3.9 24.6 B-72 TABLE B-8 RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k) (continued) Analyses Received From The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Date Date of Gross Alpha Gross Beta Source and sampling point sampled analysis uuc/l.* uuc/l.* Colorado River at La Verne Influent F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant (continued) (Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne, Sta. 69) (continued) July Aug. Sept. Oct. 1957 1957 1957 1957 8- 9-57 12- 3-57 12-18-57 12-19-57 4.0 4.5 5.3 5.8 15.0 22.2 18.7 18.7 Nov. 1957 1-10-58 4.0 l4.9 Dec. 1957 1-14-58 4.4 23.4 Jan. 1953 4-12-58 3.5 10.9 Feb. I95S 4-15-58 4.6 13.3 Mar. 1958 4-10-58 5.4 14.4 Apr. 1958 5- 9-58 4.7 16.1 May 1958 6-14-58 5.0 9.6 June 1958 7-10-58 4.5 7.7 July 1958 8- 8-58 5.4 11.5 Aug. 1958 9- 9-58 4.5 11.1 Sept. 1958 10-10-58 5.6 10.3 Oct. 1958 11- 6-58 5.0 31.4 Nov. 1958 12- 4-58 3.4 22.9 Dec. 1958 1-10-59 3.1 22.1 Jan. 1959 2-11-59 4.6 13.6 B-73 TABLE B-3 RADIOASSAY OF SURFACE WATERS LOS ANGELES REGION (NO. k) (continued) Analyses Received From The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Date Date of Gross Alpha Gross Beta Source and sampling point sam pled analysis uuc/1.* uuc/l.* Colorado River at La Verne Influent F. E. Weymouth Softening and Filtration Plant Feb. 1959 3-12-59 J+.l 20. U (continued) Mar. 1959 U-17-59 3.7 15.2 (Colorado River Aqueduct at La Verne, Sta. 69) Apr. 1959 5-15-59 k.k 13.4 (continued) May- 1959 6-11-59 U.O 15.8 June 1959 7-17-59 If.l 8.9 July 1959 8-12-59 4.6 9.4 Aug. 1959 9-17-59 U.8 9.6 Sept. 1959 10-15-59 3.9 17.9 Oct. 1959 11-11-59 2.9 16.7 Nov. 1959 12-18-59 3.2 9.4 Dec. 1959 1-13-59 3.5 7.7 ■^^-TJnit = mi cromicro curies per liter. Unless otherwise stated, the maximum statistical deviation in counting at the 90 percent confidence level for alpha is +0.7 uuc/l. and for beta is +2.6 uuc/l. 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(0 CO 5 OJ •H • • ^1 3 ^ P- O ^ y •H rH £ cd 1 -p O ^ O ■r^ S o3 J3 P 3 -d r-1 o (0 u s 5 a :^ T) 0) T) c 0) p ta 3 CO OJ •p 5 tl+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l 00r^O\-*ir\-*rH0OrOLf\V£)r-ii-IQC\J < ,■■>■■■■' ■ irwO 0\ U (U +> •H 0) 0) a o; P< CO O o •a I o 5 OS +> ■d o (0 .M l- I (■ 1 l— <.VJ I' 1 VU VVJ + l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l+l a\ OJ CO on m -■ - H H CVJ OJ IfN l/NOJ +I+I+I+I+I+I VO onOJ U) H OJ oJ + 1 + 1 + l+l+l+l vo OJ on rH J- H,H,r^,0,r^ H.HH, + l+l±.l±.l:t-l+ l+l+l.+ l±l OJ '^' t^ on J- \o vo I + I + I+I+I+I + I+I .H.rH.O.H.H, + f+r+'r+ 1+1+ r+'i'+'i ^ + 1 -d d) -a 0) ft u ^ 5 O.H * l + l o. H, <^, ;fv' i' + 1 ?1 C^-* HOO i/>H UAOwovoono I— O t^H t^-iJ-CO C\J HrHOJ HOJ HOJOJiHfHon HOJ C\ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I if\-* irNir\if\ir\vo^^t~-t~-t^f~^-cococo 0\ 0\- < ^^ o D a E D a o On LTV '■."^ ON -J- I— r- o c:> o o o o c o o o C O + 1 + 1 1-i+ 1 + \+ 1 MM r |i 1 f It a; OJ ? 8 .-i o o o cr o C) o O O o o o o S lTN CVJ ^ Vt CO UN l/N ITN.^ 1-. • ■ > ■ • • • • . ■ . o ^ o o o o c.> e o c^. r^ ■'_ ; + 1 ^1 ^-|+l ( 14-1 * 1*- 1 + h 1 MM o -J- o ON O ON O C\J 5)^ — i V o o -J- o On oo + 1 J- ON I %^ I L/N O o o o o ro o uwc O VC LTN rH -J- OJ ON !r\ -=t 0~i i'1 fO rr-iJ -1 -^ r-^ .- I ■ 1 -."■ 1 + 1 + 1 + !+-! + 1+1 + IM 1-IM :- |4- ON a) oo o o o CJ O VO O .J- VI -t VT LTWC OO C^l (vj o u-N O -J- c o o Lf^ J- lO Cm' U-N O o + 1 o ON ONtr) 00 t--- O J ^^ Vi OJ lON i>0 V. oi CN.-lO -^ OO J _t o-i^ -J -+ o -, ( <-i ^\i 1 + 1+1 il+ 1 + IM r 1 + -^ CTn o-i O t — C''~) OJ O'l O irN r-i (.Cy OJ VC ^ -:a- -. CO LrNoO UN I On >3 liN iTNti:) I I i/\ :"!n LfNai ir\m LTN ON u^ ON LfNCO I I LfN ON .-^ LTN r-i ,H I I LTN ON CN ON O UA n 'ON O c •H 0) T5 ^ ;^ o CI tt) ^ o c en 4-' 0) s. tn c c. (U o X3 c o o o o « c -p •H +' o •o ■p •H S-l ^ c s^ cd rH c^ ,c o i2 tt) o f. o 05 o <^ s; s il, u en (^ Jh t. v< > > ^ Si •H •l-l •H •H J-J o K a; cc cc a; a .•< ^ a) ■H «J «J cd 05 ^1 0) u «! C ^ ^ C (J (U tj .H < < !h ^< w O r % o nJ 05 cd 05 fi OJ +j +5 4J -P e s •H 1^ j^ a d d u S-, j:! cd 05 cd 05 oJ _o5 u 1-1 w en en CO 13 *'■' jLi (D 05 X^ o ^ CN r-l .H .H M O o rt5 CO ir\ ITN LP. ITN LTN ITN B-83 a: m a^ ID (^ o CO < 1— o >- O < M uo M (/> n < o & o CO Q. < -a ~o o < o Q o Z E o viive i.i->, o o •■^-vl (7N ON 1^1 ^^ o o o o o o 1-1^1 rH-l ^ l+l a o r- c ^ o 00 vc CM rH o o o o V o On en ON o O o o + 1 M *-l+l O 0.1 ON o o o o o o o o .-, (.-1 aN C\J (M Cn no oo UN (>^ O O o o O O ^ \^ 1 + 1+ 1 f- M 1 O CQ o o -^ o O CN OJ -J- -J- § 1^ ON V. OJ o o o o + 1 + 1 <-!+ 1 8 o vc o o o o o o M OJ OJ CTs .-1 u-\ :/-^ -i- -d- -J -^ J d- + 1^ 1 r|f 1 M -^ 1 CO o CO -* r^ O.I O O ro -4- oo -d- -i- + 1 1- 1 + 1+1 O O I^ o vo o ON OJ OJ CM o o o o vt- CO rocQ On oo ro-d- -J -i^ ro^ i-|+ 1 + 1+ 1 + 1+1 SSs ON O oo ,— ■ CO o OJ o O OJ rH ro ai rH LP> ON § CO ro -^-=)- + 1 + 1 + 1+1 rH OJ OJ o^l O ON CTN CTn ON ON ON -J- l-l -* .H ■ J- rH >, LTN >3 LTN J- >5 LTN ^ >iLrN ^ rH >»> LfN TJ ITN 1 1 1 1 1 1 u 1 Sh 1 1 S-l 1 1 u 1 1 1 Jh 1 t^ 1 U-N ON L/^ ON LTN lON Q LTV Q ON U\ Q ON LfN Q ON ufN On Q UA aj o\ c 1 rH >> 3 Cl (U 0) O > rH rH > o c rH u o ITJ O >» o C ■r-{ •S ctl CO •H 4-1 ^ >> o W w O CO cd 73 c. *'":i ■H ^■^ S^ 1) c C! o '- Oh a rH A B J^ 13 C rH r-l 4J w ai — ( ^ C5 d oJ cd c tu rd O cn Dh iS 1-1 M .X U oS u (U Ai S' +J 1) (1) •H >> > (-( 0) •H o >s $H 0.' •H rj cc •H 0) 0} rH IX O o 3 ^ cd cd ■O u W) tiO w n) > g •H Q) H •r) U S i^ X. '^ ■P •H •H (U 3 0) OJ ^ OJ 3 c w o « > hJ > nS > OJ i-j o (U •H •H ■P -H •H jh o >H s c rc C K c ct: !-i o a w O cS nJ oJ (^, ■H a CO CO OT CO CJ CO H« no j^ LfN -^ CM rH l/N VC u.; vc vc vo VC LPl VI VI. 3-39 THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW RENEWED BOOKS ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE RECALL fSR ^; -St 19;^ " JU- 'Z^'^'^' dUN 1 '66 ^^'^6 REC'O LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Book Slip-50m-8,'63(D9954s4)458 PHYSICAL SCIENCES LIBRARY 7"C . C2. A2. ho. dst. /j/. 2. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS 306015 1 I