UC-NRLF CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS m?"^^! Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/chinapotterymarkOOgilmrich CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS a^^iMi mc- 15 EAST 56th STREET NEW YORK •*• • •••,•• • • • ••••/••• • t • » • • • , • • • • k * • » ••• Traditions and Old China Traditions and Old China TT^ROM early days when the ancients showed their appre- ^ ciation of fine pottery and old glassware by burying " these most esteemed possessions" with the dead, fine china has been synonymous with culture and breeding. With our ancestors for generations we share the tradition that, just as first editions give prestige to one's book shelves, old china or the finest work of the modern kilns express readily that good taste and discrimination that is characteristic of our old families. A wealth of association and historic data is to be ac- quired from the study of the "fabrique marks" and periods of the master craftsmen. If in America there was a gen- eral tendency toward acquiring, even a smattering, of this knowledge, there would be less of these drawing-room atrocities which Arthur Hayden in his "Chats on Eng- lish Earthenware" points out, "To have a modern set of vases adorning a Georgian cabinet is like putting new wine in old bottles." For the convenience of the seasoned collector, as well Copyright, IQ20, Gilman Collamore df Company, Inc. ^ 8492 as the beginner, in this book is a representative list of better known marks by which china can be identified. While it is not possible to include a complete list, particularly those of extremely rare specimens, those compiled have par- ticular reference to the marks of English china which is greatly in demand by collectors. These will suffice to enable the reader to identify pieces whenever encountered. The signatures or mark which the master craftsmen in earth or clay signed their products, just as a painter signs his work, were often specially designed devices of various kinds, often a combination of initials and dates. Each "fabrique mark" stands for a certain potter's art just as the modern trade-mark. Beginning more than a half century ago in tlie old La Farge House in lower Broadway (where John La Farge was born) the house of Gilman Collamore and Company has done much to develop an appreciation of fine china in America. It was one of the first houses to bring over from England and France china, both modern and old, for its American clients. At this time many fine speci- mens of old china are on view as well as complete stocks from the modern English and Continental manufacture. GILMAN COLLAMORE & COMPANY, Inc. 15 East 56th Street New York c^ X I ¥ J Germanv and Jiustria DRESDEN MEISSEN. Established in 1709. Mark used to 17 12, in blue. Hard paste. DRESDEN Mark used from 17 12 to 1720, in blue. Hard paste. DRESDEN About 1720, mark in blue. Hard paste. DRESDEN 1730, mark in blue. Hard paste. DRESDEN 1796. MARCOLINI (Director) PERIOD. Mark in blue. Hard paste. DRESDEN Royal pieces only. Mark in blue. Hard paste. '' i/f ^f :*'/!*' «* c QfjfNA AND POTTERY MARKS X \X/ KPM DRESDEN Present mark. This mark with two scratches across it shows imper- fect pieces which may or may not have been decorated in the factory. Hard paste. VIENNA Established in 1718. This mark first used in 1744. Hard paste. Royal factory discontinued in 1864. BERLIN Established in 1751. mark. Hard paste. Wegeleys' BERLIN In 1763 became a royal establish- ment. Mark in blue. Sometimes an eagle added. BERLIN Different kind of sceptre. In blue. Hard paste. BERLIN An extra mark used in 1830 with the sceptre, which is the present mark. This mark complete is never used except with perfect pieces dec- orated in the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are decorated outside of the fac- tory. GERMANY AND AUSTRIA HOCHST, near HAYENCE Founded in 1720. This mark, used about 1740, in gold, red, or blue. Hard paste. ® ® HOCHST, near HAYENCE Hard paste. FRANKENTHAL 1755 to 1761. First period. Hard paste. J?" FRANKENTHAL 1799, second period. Carl Theo- dore. Hard paste. FRANKENTHAL Phillipp Hanong ( Director ) . Hard paste. CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS iA) B ¥^^ J FRANKENTHAL Joseph Adam Hanong (Director). Hard paste. FRANKENTHAL John Hanong (Director). Hard paste. FRANKENTHAL 1800. Franz Bartolo (Director). Hard paste. NYHPHENBURQ Established in i 747. Hard paste. NYHPHENBURG Hard paste. GERMANY AND AUSTRIA Ik f\ ,Z NYnPHENBURG V \( An early mark in blue. Hard aA/^m paste. FURSTENBURQ Established in 1750. Hard paste. FURSTENBURQ 1758. Hard paste. (5«c^ y^^^*V LUDWIGSBURG or KRONENBURG \^J Established in 1758 to 1806. Hard •TO paste. X % LUDWIGSBURG First period. Hard paste. CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS f^ R LUDWIGSBURG Second period. Hard paste. LUDWIGSBURG Hard paste. Mark in blue. FULDA Established in 1763 to 1780. Hard paste. FULDA Hard paste. The arms of Fulda. RUDOLSTADT Established in 1758. Mark in blue. Hard paste. RAUENSTEIN Established in 1760. Hard paste. LIHBACH Established about 1761. Hard paste. GERMANY AND AUSTRIA oojoo LIHBACH Another mark. Hard paste. LinBACH Another mark. Hard paste. GROSBREITENBACH Established about 1770. Hard paste. ^«^GV QROSBREITENBACH Hard paste. VOLKSTEDT Established 1762. C. V. sometimes added with the arms. Hard paste. VOLKSTEDT Another mark. Hard paste. \/.\ VOLKSTEDT Another mark. Hard paste. 10 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS J{kk ANSPACH Established about 1718. Hard paste. A A ANSPACH Generally accompanied by letter A. Hard paste. A SI ANSPACH Hard paste. ANSPACH Hard paste. A a G R aoiHA Founded in 1780. iiaia paste. Various marks. GERMANY AND AUSTRIA 11 g OERA Established about 1780. Marks in blue. Hard paste. ALT HALDENSTEBEN The factory of M. Nathusins. Hard paste. CHARLOTTENBURQ Established in 1790. Hard paste. BADEN-BADEN Established in 1753 to 1788. The edge of the ax in gold. Hard paste. COLOGNE Factory of M. L. Cremer. Enam- eled Fayence. POPPLESDORF, near BONN Fayence and porcelain. STRASBOURG Established about 1752. Hard paste. 12 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS NIDERVILLER Established in 1768. Hard paste. ELBOQEN in BOHEMIA Established in 18 15. Hard paste. S SCHLAKENWALD Established about 1800. Hard paste. F&R LEHAMMER or PIRKENHAHHER, near CARLSBAD Founded in 1802. Hard paste. HEREND Established 1839. HEREND Another mark. RUSSIA AND POLAND— DENMARK 13 Russia ana Poland KORZEC ^5P\^ Established about 1803. Hard paste. noscow Established in 1787. Hard paste. G O Mark in blue. Hard paste. fc ST. PETERSBURG ST. PETERSBURG Mark of Empress Catherine II. 1762 to 1796. Mark in blue. Hard paste. ST. PETERSBURG Monogram of Nicholas I. 1825 to 1^ '855. ST. PETERSBURG Established 1744. Mark in blue. Denmark COPENHAGEN Established in 1772. Mark in blue. Hard paste. 14 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS SlTutti A Jl.oi J^ ^ ^ ^^ Indiana and Belgium AnSTERDAn Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Hard paste. AnSTERDAH Mark in blue. Hard paste. AHSTERDAn Mark in blue. Hard paste. TOURNEY Mark in gold represents a potter's kiln. Established in 1750. Soft paste. TOURNEY Mark in gold used after 1755. Soft paste. TOURNEY Used about 1755. Soft paste. HAGUE Factory established about 1775 ; ceased in 1785. Mark in gray. Hard paste. SWITZERLAND— ITAL V AND SPAIN 15 DELFT Joost Thooft and I^abouchere. Present mark Fayence. -^s:x Switzerlana NYON Established in 1790. Hard paste. ZURICH Established about 1759. Mark in blue. Hard paste. L VU , Italy and Spain h ^ NOVE r ^l> ^ 1752. Mark in blue or red. Soft iS) V paste. JS^ VENICE ^ Mark in red. Majolica. Vf VENICE Soft paste. Ven? VENICE 1720 to 1740. Soft paste. Mark in red. 16 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ^ T.G* VENICE D G Soft paste. Mark in red. TURIN Vineuf. Established about 1770. Dr. Gioanetti (Director). Soft paste. * TURIN Vineuf. Another mark. Soft paste. irre DOCCIA \A7 Founded in 1735. Hard and soft P paste. ▼ DOCCIA # ^ Hard and soft paste. Another mark. DOCCIA GINORI. Hard and soft paste. Another mark. 4X^Am^ CAPO DI nONTE Founded in 1736. This mark used from 1759. Factory abandoned in 182 1. Soft paste. .fb ^^mra^V CAPO DI nONTE N Mark used from 1759. Soft paste. ITALY AND SPAIN 17 CAPO Dl nONTE Soft paste. Other marks. ^-Ai llano M«'H""~- Fayenct. X niLAN HADRID BUEN RETIRO. Monogram of Charles III. Established in 1759 to 18 12. Soft paste. Jjt OF Madrid. O.F L. jf^ riADRID Soft paste. Another mark. MADRID Mark in blue. First quality. Soft paste. MADRID Mark in blue. Soft paste. 18 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS HADRID Mark in blue. Mark under crown is another form of the monogram of Charles III., the founder. OPORTO VA Established about 1790. Hard paste. Mark in gold or colors. ENGLAND IV WEDGWOOD. TURNER., W. ADAMS. ROGERS. WOOD and CALDWELL. Eitgldttd STAFFORDSHIRE Established in 1769. This mark both stamped and printed. STAFFORDSHIRE WEDGWOOD, present mark on decorated china. STAFFORDSHIRE Established about 1756. STAFFORDSHIRE Established about 1780. STAFFORDSHIRE Imitations of WEDGWOOD. STAFFORDSHIRE Established in 1730. STAFFORDSHIRE Established 1790. LONGPORT. STAFFORDSHIRE Established in 1793 by Mr. John Davenport. 30 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ^> STAFFORDSHIRE STAFFORDSHIRE STAFFORDSHIRE r STONECH I STAFFORDSHIRE SPODE Established about 1770, by Josiah Spode. X STAFFORDSHIRE Copeland successor of Spode in COPELAND 1833. RicliarAMChaffer^ Liverpool Established in 1750. LIVERPOOL Established in 1756. LIVERPOOL Established in 1790. ENGLAND 21 LIVERPOOL HERCULANEUM ^^is mark was used from 1822 to POTTERY. 1833. PLYMOUTH Established 1760. William Cook- worthy. 5pi a ^J^ . YARnOUTH ^y. y. ^^ Absolon, only a decorator. SWANSEA SWANSEA rX 7^ Established 1 790. This mark used ^C about 1815. m SWANSEA Mark in red. WALES NANTGARW Established about 18 13. Mark in red. ^ A' LEEDS Hartley Greens & Co. Established _^ about 1770. CG 22 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS BRISTOL * Established about 1770, by Richard Champion. + BRISTOL X. BRISTOL Ceased in 1777. BOW "i^r Established about 1730. Ceased J6l in 1775. BOW BOW CHELSEA The oldest mark. About 1747. CHELSEA Mark in red. CHELSEA First quality mark in gold. ENGLAND 23 DERBY Established 1 75 1 . This mark used before 1769. DERBY-CHELSEA This mark in gold 1773. vVVf///. ^ CROWN DERBY Mark in blue used about 1780. DERBY Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Direc- tor). DERBY Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Direc- tor). DERBY Mark used in i860. 24 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ROYAL CROWN DERBY Present mark. € WORCESTER Established 1 75 1. Oldest mark WORCESTER Mark imitation of Dresden. 1 WORCESTER Generally on Chinese patterns ^-^^w^ WORCESTER About 1 75 1. mtgAt WORCESTER Used 1783 to 1788. ENGLAND 26 — f Ta / rmi t rTi WORCESTER ^ c^«^ / SBoi, Used 1807 to 1813. WORCESTER Used 1857 to 1862. WORCESTER Present mark. CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE Established about 1751. CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE An early mark in blue. COALPORT Established between 1 780 and 1 790. COALPORT COALPORT Present mark. STAFFORDSHIRE Established in 1791 by Mr. Thomas Minton. 26 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS STAFFORDSHIRd Present mark. LAHBETH and BURSLEH Doulton & Co. STAFFORDSHIRE Brown- Westhead, Moore & Co. FRANCE 27 Trance ST. CLOUD Established about 1695. Factory destroyed by fire in 1773; not re- built. Soft paste. SX ST. CLOUD This mark used from 1730 to 1762. Either in blue or graved in ware. The letter T stands for Tron, the name of the director. Soft paste. %/ * AK CHANTILLY Established in 1735. or red. Soft paste. Mark in blue ARRAS Established in 1 782. Mark in blue. Factory ceased in 1786. Soft paste. HENECY Established in 1735. This mark is ni \7^ usually impressed ; sometimes traced in blue. Soft paste. jsp ETIOLLES. near CORBEIL Established in 1768. Monnier, manufacturer. Soft paste. 28 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS BR 0& BlaR SX SCEAUX. BOURQ LA REINE Established in 1773. Jacques & Jullien. Soft paste. SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS Established in 1750 by Jacques Capelle. These letters are engraved on the soft clay. SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS The latter mark in blue. This mark occurs more frequently on Fay- ence. CLINONANCOURT Established in 1775 by Pierre Deru- elle. Mark in blue. Soft and hard paste. CLINONANCOURT Used on pieces of Chinese style. Mark in red. Hard paste. CLINGNANCOURT Mark of Monsieur Comte de Prov- ence. ORLEANS Established in 1753 by M. Gerr6. Hard and soft paste. ORLEANS This mark used from 1808 to 1871, in blue or gold. FRANCE d9 SARREQUEMINES Soft paste. <0?l LP XIX H SARREGUEHINES Soft paste and Fayence. VINCENNES Soft paste. Established in 1786. VINCENNES Soft paste. Another mark. PARIS. RUE FONTAINE AU ROY Established in 1773 by Jean Bap- tiste Locre. Mark in blue. Hard paste. PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. LAZARE Founded in 1773. Hard paste. 30 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. ANTOINE Established in 1773. Morelle, man- ufacturer. Hard paste. PARIS. RUE DE LA ROQUETTE Established in 1773. Souroux, manufacturer. Hard paste. PARIS. GROS CAILLON Established in 1773 by Advenir Lamarre. Hard paste. PARIS. RUE DE CLICHY Mark in blue. Hard paste. FRANCE A mark found on biscuit groups. Factory unknown. PARIS. RUE THIROUX Established in 1778. Andre Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste. cjflb I 0^ PARIS. RUE DE BONDY Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage of Due d'Angouleme. Hard paste. FRANCE 81 y^^ PARIS. RUE DE BONDY Another mark. Hard paste. CP 3)M. PARIS. RUE DU FAUBOURG ST. DENIS Established in 1769. Under the protection of Charles Philippe Comte d'Artois, afterward Charles X. Fac- tory discontinued in 18 10. BELLEVILLE Established in 1790 by Jacob Petit. Mark in blue. Hard paste. PARIS. RUE DE BONDY Hard paste. Mark in blue. ROUEN Undei the reign of Louis XV. Fay- ence. LILLE Established in 1784 by Leperre Durot. Mark in red. Hard paste. CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS N... laris PARIS M. Nast, manufacturer. Mark in red. Hard paste. PARIS Halley, manufacturer. First Em pire mark in gold. Hard paste. NANCY Emile Galle, manufacturer. Fay- ence and glass. SEVRES MARKS 33 Established at Vincennes in 1740. Removed from there to Sevres in 1756. King Louis XV. became sole proprietor in 1760. Soft paste was made until 1805. Since then only hard paste. Cbe Sevres marks FIRST ROYAL EPOCH 1745 to 1792 Vincennes. The letter A denoies the year 1753, continued to 1777. (Louis. XV.) Sevres. Ornamented LL's. Date 1764. Sevres. Date 1778. (Louis XVI). Double letters continued to 1793. FIRST REPUBLICAN EPOCH 1792 to 1804 cyeUred, 34 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS HP Gvre$. ^.r x^&vreS 1792 to 1799. pevres 1 80 1 to 1804. FIRST IMPERIAL EPOCH. i8o4 TO 1814. Napoleon. 1804 to 1809. .^1 % Napoleon. 1809 to.1814. SECOND ROYAL EPOCH. 1814 TO. 1848. Louis XVIII 1814 to 1823. Sevres 'tyj-et 26- Charles X. 1824 to 1 829. X Charles X 1829 and 1830. SEVRES MARKS 35 O Charles X. 1830. Louis Philippe. 1845-1848. 3ro COED After 1848, this mark in green was used for white porcelain. Louis Phihppe. 1831 to 1834. LoUis Philippe. 1834- '835. SECOND REPUBLICAN EPOCH 1848 TO 185 1. The S stands for Sevres, and 51 for ^851. SECOND IMPERIAL EPOCH. 1852 TO 1872. ?|¥M5*» 36 CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS Napoleon III. From 1852. f^ This mark used for white pieces ; when scinched it denotes issue imdecorated. The marks used at the present time. (a9i) Unknown mam C;i)rotiolosiC(il Cable Used in tbe manufactory of $em$ B( C( D E F G H I J K h M N O incen nes) . 1753 P 1768 EE . dittc ) . 1754 Q ^1769 FF . ditto ) • 1755 R 1770 GG . • 1756 S 1771 HH . • 1757 T 1772 II . . 1758 U 1773 JJ ' . . 1759 V 1774 KK . . 1760 X 1775 IvL . . 1761 Y 1776 MM . . 1762 Z 1777 NN . . 1763 AA 1778 GO . . 1764 BB 1779 PP . . 1765 CC 1780 QQ . . 1766 DD 1781 RR . . 1767 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 I79I 1792 1793 1794 1795 Year IX ..I80I.. T9 1807 . 7 1808 f 8 '' X ..1802... X 1809 1810 . 9 10 " XI ..1803... II 1811 (onze) o.z. -//- 1812 ( douze ) . d.z. " XII . ..1804... 1813 (treize) . tz. " XIII . ..1805... 4^ 1814 1815 (quatorze) (quinze) . q.z. q.n. " XIV ..1806.. rSS 1816 1817 (seize) (dix sept) s.z. d.s. From this date the year is expressed by the last two figures only.- thus, 18 for 1818, etc., — up to the present time. * This comet was sometimes substituted for the ordinary mark of the letter Q. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $I.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. APR 28 1944 APR 29 1944 ^.1 /.-■■^■^. ^Ihl i^ni i t MAY 1 1944 ftpp. 29 ^*»° ' iiiw ^ jWV^ 4l»f 49 Ji? ) ' lOMaV^^"^^ , 1 • JLK7XZr\%3 M 8498 H <: THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY