4c^* r ) THE LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE; OB, AUTOBIOGRAPHY THE WORLD'S CHILD, BY THE AUTHOR. " Honor and shame from no condition rise ; Act well your part ; there all the honor lies." THIRD EDITION. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY BELA MARSH, 14 BROMFIELD ST. NEW YORK: S. T. MUNSON. 1861. Entered according to Act of Congress, in t*s year 1857 BY WARREN CHASE, In tli? Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. STEREOTYPED BY HOBART AND BOBBINS, BOSTON. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA PEEPACE. THIS little volume a true and literal history of the struggles of an ardent and ambitious mind to rise from a dishonorable birth, and the lowest condition of pov- erty and New England slavery is published more for a guide and advice to those who live in the humble walks of life, and for a rebuke on the tyrannical and malignant spirit of arrogant and selfish individuals and societies, who ever attempt to trample upon and despise such reformers as attempt to rise, by individual effort, to distinction or fame, than for the book market, or for the pecuniary reward it may bring the author. The name is only left in obscurity to those who are unac- quainted with the subject of the narrative ; and to such it is of no value. The subject of the narrative has passed to a plane of reconciliation and harmony, in which he feels only a spirit of forgiveness for those whose consciences have already punished them for their physical abuse, or moral and religious misrepresenta- tions, slanders, and falsehoods, or their political curses. In every relation and condition of life he is now beyond their shafts, and hence is in a condition to forgive. As the persecuted Jesus, when the malignity of his enemies had done its worst, and he was about to triumph in the personal demonstration of his own theory, could afford to forgive Peter and Judas, and say of those who took his life, " Father, forgive them: for they know not IV PRFACE. what they do ;" so the Lone One has often exclaimed of those who attempted to crucify his reputation, and destroy his efforts to make others happy, " They are forgiven : for they know not what they do." "Speak gently to the erring one, For, ! ye may not know The untold weight of suffering That bows his spirit low. " A kind and gentle word, perchance, May call all back to him, The pleasant dreams of early youth, Ere the light of life was dim. " Harsh words may he the only ones His ear hath ever heard ; Then like an angel's loving voice Will sound your gentle word. " In joyous hours, with friends around, Rich with the love they give, You hear of wicked deeds, and say, He is not fit to live. " But only think, if yours had been, Like his, a cheerless life, Your soul, perchance, might then have been, Like his, as full of strife. " There 'a seldom found a heart so hard But love may enter in ; And love hath ever magic power To chase away all sin. " Then spare not gentle words, that bring The erring unto God, To learn that life is beautiful, When spent in doing good." LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. CHAPTEK I. FIRST DECADE OF THE LONE ONE. The Unwelcome Birth. The Unhappy Childhood. The Untimely Deaths. - The Uncharitable Bondage. The Unmerciful Treatment. SECTION I. THE IMPERFECT LINEAGE. NOT long after the Pilgrim Fathers made their homes on the rocky and bleak coast of Massachusetts, a vessel from the Euro- pean side of the ocean landed, among her passengers, from the " sea-girt isle," three brothers, who brought to this country the name which has since gained many a niche in the records of our country's local and general history, and which may now be seen permanently or temporarily posted in many business villages of the nation, but which I shall dispense with, as too common for my narrative. The history of these three brothers, and of several generations of their descendants, is robed in a mantle of obscurity, and cannot now be easily unwrapped and spread before their de- scendants, even by those who seek through it a fortune of dollars. Most that is well known is, that they had Abraham's blessing, to increase and multiply. It is deeply to be regretted that there are not more and better words on the hard old granite and marble tomb-stones of New England, bearing to us more of the history of the each one each bears the name of. But our Christian style of epitaphing brings us little knowledge, except the name of the 1* 6 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. person whose body lies under the stone. Had the sextons placed over the graves permanent records of the three great events which constitute the important part of many lives, birth, marriage, and death, it would often aid the searcher after lineage, when the human posts with memory-marks had all been swept away by the merciless besom of time. Our generation has a better chance of leav- ing individual records on the blank pages in the grave-yard of Jewish history furnished us by the Bible societies ; which records may be of more value to coming generations than the printed pages, when the march of science has carried away the idolatry and superstition of this age, and the centuries have removed the tall steeples and stingy creeds of the nineteenth Christian century. But we must still grope among the tomb-records, to renew the search after the lineage of the Lone One. We find the records of both grave-yards very imperfect, from which we can only glean sufficient to make out the following : In the third, fourth, or fifth generation of these three brothers, among the descendants of the one of them who bore the singular cognomen of Aquila, was a family of eight children four sons and four daughters. The younger of the four sons joined a small group of hardy pioneers, who had procured a title to a piece of God's earth (from some regular descendant of the original owner, as is supposed by the land reformers, who assert that God never gave any " fee simple " title-deeds, but only heirships), then far up in the wild regions of New Hampshire, on a small stream now called Suncook. Near the middle of the eighteenth century this little group began to fell the tall old pines and sorry-looking hemlocks, and let down the sunlight and dews upon the soil and rocks (mostly rocks) of this little spot of their heavenly Father's earth ; or rather on their own spot, for they had bought a few acres of surface running inward to a point at the centre of the globe, but not outward, for the at- mosphere and sunlight were still owned by the Father, and free for the use of all his children. They arranged the trees across the rattling Suncook, and, the river being dammed and heaped up, its waters, in their wrath, plunged, foaming in madness, over LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 7 the obstacle, such as no red man had ever placed in their way ; or, forced through the narrow aperture, for many years turned a clattering old mill-wheel, to make boards for the settlers; or, twirling the circular and poised rock, cracked the corn for the lesser grinders of the bipeds. Long ago the mill was " torn away, and a factory dark and high looms like a tower " beside the stream. How changed the place in a century ! And what is a century in the midst of eternal time? Not even as a drop in the ocean. The red man and his fur-clad quadruped companions are gone [where ?] ; and civilized man, with his domesticated animals and labor-saving machinery, his cottage homes, his noisy shops, and busy stores, has taken their place, and driven them, not to, but beyond, the wall. Wonder often seized the red man, as he watched his white Cain- like brothers fell the trees, remove the rocks, till the soil, build warmer wigwams, and plant more " heap of corn ; " but he passed in wonder away, stupefied in soul, and poisoned in body, by the rum and tobacco of God's whiter Christian children. Now the spires of the Puritan's descendants point upward in place of the red man's forest spires, from which, two centuries ago, the prayers and praises of man and beast were sounded to the sky in simple strains of nature's music, as acceptable to God as the best harmo- nies of our time. Now the slender fingers of the factory-girl guide the cotton thread, through whirling machinery, into webs of sheet- ing, to wrap the more tender forms of the white mother's babes of a Christian land ; but it is not certain that these babes or mothers live purer lives, or give more pure devotion to God, than did the fur-clad mothers and naked babes of the forest-homes ; and certain it is that the belief in a future life entertained by the red man of the forest was far more natural, more rational, more honorable to God, and more desirable to man, than that of the Christian which has supplanted it. Soon after a shanty was prepared by this descendant of Aquila wide enough for two, the loved one, selected from the daughters of a neighboring settlement, came to share its hardships with the occupant. Not a score of moons had been reported, nevr or old, 8 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. ere the pair had to make room for a third, a darling boy, whose origin was between them ; the first white face of male child born in the settlement, and of course it would have a place and name. Simon (not Simon Peter) was the cognomen by which this shanty boy was designated from his fellows. When peopling the settle- ment by births was fairly begun, it was not carried on slowly in the several homes, but especially in this one. The family record was soon filled up ; for Simon's name was followed by eleven more, marking, as milestones, the line of domestic life, nearly in biennial periods. Seven received female names, rights, and duties, and five male names, rights, and duties. The eldest, born when the trials and hardships of life were most severe, was of course the brightest and smartest, although the parents were less developed and matured than at the birth of Joseph (for they had a Joseph). Two of the dozen went early and young to reside on the other side of Jordan, " to join a choir of juvenile singers in the land of spirits." Four more have since followed them, at various times, and six were still lingering here in the autumn of 1855, time- worn humanity-marks of the last century, and of the gene- ration which has been mainly transplanted into the other life. The old pioneer parents, too, whose hold on life enabled them to stay almost a century on earth, and live more than half a century in wedded life, have joined those, who, according to the new theory of spirit-spheres, are living in families and societies of harmonious and congenial life in the land of the dead. 'T is a beautiful thought, whether true or not, for the lone pilgrim here, that, at the end of life's journey, he or she shall lay the " staff and sandals down " for the wreath and robe of a brighter and happier home, and join there, in happy life, the " loved ones gone before." We have now done nearly all we can to register the genealogy of the Lone One, and will here leave the ancestors, all except the first-born of the sons of the new settlement. Of him we have more to say, for, in matured life, he became the father of the Lone One by a mother fully ripened into womanhood ; the last child of each, and the only child of the twain. This Simon-son, of the Pittsfield LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 9 town, has now no tomb-stone monument to mark where his body lies, and no epitaph inscribed to record his religious belief, or pious character ; but only the memory-marks made, during his life, on those around him which have not faded. His parents, and brothers, and sisters, all accorded to him the qualification of good and smart ; but his early life had not the advantage of schools, and books, and sermons, and lectures, as the youth of our time have. Hard work by day-light, and rude plays by fire-light, occupied his youth, and the former did not cease when manhood came. Those still living who knew him say he was physically and mentally more than a common man, and morally not less, but religiously at zero. Many of his trite sayings, and soma of his doings, still linger around the memories of those who knew him half a century ago. Such were the father and the paternal lineage of the Lone One, which, with one more brief notice in its proper place, must be left to the fast-fading shadows of memory ; for lineal descents are difficult to trace, and not very reliable when written. When forty years had worn away upon the records, these were nearly all the links the Lone One could find in the chain to connect him, through his sire, with the Puritan Fathers. The great fortune said to be waiting some heir in name and line had never arrested his atten- tion, for he was not registered in the records of lineal descent, but dwelt alone, and away from all kindred of name and descent from Aquila. It is doubtful whether, if he had died before this record was published, or before the days of modern spiritualism, he could have received a Christian burial, with head to the west, to meet at the resurrection of the bodies, the Saviour, who is to come from the east, when the trump of the angel shall call up the dead and decayed forms from the earth. But he has already outlived most of the follies, superstitions, and prejudices, of the Christians, and expects at death to find a home with the spirits, if not with the Christians, of the other world, and not so cold and unwelcome a reception as he found in this world. 10 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. SECTION II. THE MOTHER AND CHILD. " SL'ently, strangely, the darkness Has fallen upon thy way, And the hands of no earthly morning For thee shall open the day. " And yet in a world of sunshine Thou seemest to dwell the while ; For the light of thy soul looks on us In the light of thy beautiful smile- " And much for that one affliction Shall this recompense atone On the path of thine earthly journey Thou shalt not walk alone. " For when human love shall leave thee, Thy wanderings almost done, Then the hands of invisible angels Shall softly lead thee on. " And their arms shall be round about thee, Till thy feet through that gate have trod Standing dark at the end of the pathway Which leads from the world to God. " And then what an over-payment For the night of thy mortal ills, Shall come with the light of that morning That breaks o'er eternity's hills ! " ON the fifth day of the first month of the eighteen hundred and thirteen, at the opening of the morning light upon the snow-clad hills and vales of New England, a poor, lonely, and sorry mother, with a newly-born and unwelcome babe, might have been seen in an old, shattered, and oft-deserted house, through which the winter winds and New England snow-storms played almost unobstructed ; a house long since gone to " dust and ashes," leaving only the hole in the ground to mark the spot where its frame once protect- LITE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 11 ed, as well as society then did, the entrance of the Lone One on his earthly pilgrimage. Few marks of a modern New England home were to be seen there, except the bright eye of the sorry mother, and the quiet face of the babe, sleeping in innocence and ignorance both of its " totally depraved nature " and totally de- prived condition (especially of the comforts of life). The moth- er's eye grew dim and weak as it dropped its tears fresh-wrung from the heart, while she pondered on the fate of herself and child. What would become of them she knew not. Her hands, go used to toil for her support, were now confined to a new task, to which maternal love alone called her, and which returned a reward only in the satisfaction to her heart, but which would neither feed nor clothe herself and babe. A few only a few persons were willing to be known as the friends of this poor mother and babe ; but probably as many as were willing to be seen and known to be friends of the mother and child in a stable in Beth- lehem, once on a time. The few did call to see the mother and child, but they were mostly from that class of persons whose entire wealth is in charity, sympathy, and love, and who, however much disposed, were unable to relieve the wants of the sufferers. Death would indeed have been a welcome visitor then and there, if willing to take both to his home ; and far more welcome to the child, could he have seen the path of life before him. Thus dark and gloomy, and sad, hopeless, and loveless, uncalled for, a curse, not a blessing, was the earthly dawning of the Lone One's life. Well might that saddened mother say, with a sweet sister of song, on a bank of the Ohio,* " For me, in all life's desert sand, No well is made, no tent is spread ; No father's nor a brother's hand Is laid with blessing on my head. " The radiance of my mortal star Is crossed with signs of woe to me, And all my thoughts and wishes are Sad wanderers toward eternity. * Alice Gary. 12 LIFE-LINE OP THE LONE ONE. " Stricken, riven, helplessly apart From all that blessed the path I trod, 0, tempt me, tempt me not, my heart, To arraign the goodness of my God ! " For suffering hath been made sublime, And souls that lived and died alone Have left an echo for all time, As they went wailing to the throne. " There have been moments when I dared Believe life's mystery a breath, And deem Faith's beauteous bosom bared To the betraying arms of Death. " For the immortal life but mocks The soul that feels its ruin dire, And like a tortured demon rocks Upon the cradling waves of fire. " To mine is pressed no loving lip, Around me twines no helping arm ; And, like a frail dismasted ship, I blindly drift before the storm." This was the mother and child. Nobody owned the mother, for no priest had bade her obey and serve any man ; and hence no one man was bound to feed and clothe her. She owned herselt and child ; and we never heard that she attributed its origin to a spirit, or to spirits, or spiritual influence of any kind, although she was a Christian woman. Whether she repented the hasty and imprudent bestowal of her love on that Simon-son of Nathaniel, from an overflowing heart, we cannot say ; but that she deeply deplored her sad fate is but too well known, however much she may now rejoice over its results. Few had pity for her. Some had scorn ; more had contempt ; but the angels smiled on her ; and when the heart of man cast her out, the heart of God took her in. But Simon, 0, Simon ! where art thou ? What screen can hide thee from her suffering ? When the nation's second war with England sent its notes echo- LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 13 ing among the granite hills of New Hampshire, it called to the field and the ocean many brave hearts from among her hardy sons. Among them was Simon, the son of Nathaniel, who speedily re- leased himself from home and relatives, and sought associates in the camp, with the frontier army, on the Canada side of New England. His restless soul and troubled mind sought and found food and interest in the army for 'a brief period, until the terrible battle of Plattsburgh, after which the army record contained, among the names of the wounded and died, this same Simon, thus shortening the journey of life, and abruptly terminating the path to fame and glory, by a precipice and a plunge in oblivion's stream. Here ends all the Lone One could glean in 1855 of a father's history. In his ripened years, he was never much inclined to search among the tombs for relics, while living subjects of more interest were ever around him. At this infancy period of life, which we have now introduced, dark clouds with heavy storms hung lowering over his horizon ; and this burst and crash in a father's death was distant and faint, compared with many others that follow ; but fate would have its fixed course. In riper years, he often wondered why God (if there were a God) had sent him here without consulting his choice to come and be thus born, and also whether he could be accountable for involuntary life and actions resulting therefrom ; but none could answer or tell why God had done thus, by special or by general laws. Some power had certainly, without consulting the will of either, sent the child into earthly consciousness and the father out. The eager, ardent, restless spirit of the father (but not a spirit of wrangling) had been transmitted to the child, to mark him, in the babe, the boy, and the man, through life. Here our history leaves the father for the more minute detail of life and character by the numerous relatives, while we follow the Life-Line of the mother and boy. The babe would not die, although many wished it would, to relieve the mother from a burthen, and them from deeds of charity they felt so unable to perform. It lived and grew, and the mother 2 14 LIFE-LINE OF THd LONE ONE. loved it, perhaps the more, for the hard fate which had befallen her. She sometimes thought, perhaps, " Heaven her nuptials did record, Though man did deem her love abhorred ; " and that her babe might yet live to bless and love her and others, and be useful in life, if she could only raise him to manhood. But joyless poverty iu a hard country ! 0, who can describe its trials ! its withering blasts, its pinching wants, its trampled and despised condition? Then add to it the disgrace of being a mother without the sacred mantle of legal marriage, and you can scarcely imagine the depths of a mother's woe forty years ago. Marriage might, indeed, have screened the mother from public scorn ; but how much guilt, and of what nature, attached to the child, society did never define. But it long despised him. When the rude cold winds reached their icy fingers for the heart-strings of her babe, and the rattling boards, nor tattered garments, could save him, then the mother folded him to her bosom, and fed and warmed from her scantily-supplied body, and bade the cold and hunger take her with her babe, or leave both together. She was a mother worthy a better fate, who might have filled, with honor and love, a stately mansion, had fortune favored her with one, instead of a hovel. It was, indeed, a hard task to supply by her labor the wants of both, for few would hire her with her boy. Susan did not name her boy for either family, nor borrow a name from either record of ancestors, but selected a name left on the scroll of fame by one who fell at the battle of Bunker's Hill, where the tall monument marks the spot of conflict and death ; and that name he is still known by, as much as by the sire-name. But a name of one beloved by thousands did not bring even frienda to the Lone One, for now the " years pressed hard upon him, And his living friends were few ; And from out the sombre future Troubles drifted into view." LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 15 Never yet did a child start on the pathway to fame, even in New England, with harder prospects, and through a darker and colder social atmosphere, than this unblessed babe ; and yet his eyes sparkled with gladness, and his heart leaped with joy, at each kind look, loving smile, or gentle word, of mother or friend. He had not yet learned that the world around him was full of scorn, contempt, neglect, and slander, for his sensitive soul to meet and overcome with its own love and devotion, which alone could overcome such obstacles to happiness. The meagre pittance which Susan could obtain for unwearying industry enabled her to feed and clothe herself and babe. It was no doubt a blessing to her to have the screen over coming events sufficient to obscure all vision of the terrible fate that awaited her and her boy ; else she would have earnestly prayed (for she did pray) that the cup might pass undrained by each or either. How oft, in riper years, have the eye and smile of the Lone One rested on a mother and child in a home of poverty, while the mind has turned back to his own mother and his childhood, and wondered if here, as there, love alone constituted the wealth of mother and child ! Tears and sympathy never have, and never can, abandon the heart once schooled in the experience of the Lone One ; nor can it ever fail to appreciate, reciprocate, and feel, the genial love of kindred souls. Four times our latitude felt the freezing winds and drifting snows of a winter solstice ; cold without, and cold within ; cold the forms, and colder the hearts, around the tender germ in earthly mould, born, out of time and out of place, of a mother, but not of a wife. The father had gone to Paradise, with Jesus and the thief; but the child was not taught to speak of his father, even the Father in heaven ; and although he saw other children with fathers to accept and instruct them, yet he knew not that he had a father, living or dead, till many years after the transition of Simon. The mother enjoyed tolerable health ; the heart only was diseased ; and whose heart would not be, in such a world, and under such trials, a widow in fact, but not in law ? The 16 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. messenger from the " Kingdom of Ponemah " had already started after her ; and the car of death was moving toward earth, to bear her to the " Islands of the Blessed ; " but she knew it not ; for still the earthly form swayed to the will obedient, still " the magic car moved on." Avon's bard has truly said, " Misfortunes never come single ; " and the Song of Hiawatha truly sings, in lines of Longfellow measure, " So disasters come not singly ; But, as if they watched and waited, Scanning one another's motions, When the first descends, the others Follow, follow, gathering flockwise Round their victim, sick and wounded, First a shadow, then a sorrow, Till the air is dark with anguish." But there is no hardest fate, no deepest woe in the trial-lives of wandering souls. Superlatives are meaningless. Compara- tives alone are appropriate. Every hard trial has a harder, every sad time a sadder, and every dark day a darker ; so of the bright, the beautiful, the good, and the happy, with a superlative only in the Perfect, the Infinite, the Omniscient. The child, or boy (for at this age he was both or either), was deposited with a Quaker family on the mountain, while the mother went to watch by the bedside of a relative, where the camp-fires of life were slowly expiring, little suspecting the angel of death was reaching for her to go first to the " Land of the Hereafter," and welcome there the dying one, and leave here her lonely babe to buffet the storms alone. She retired from the sick bed late one night, and lay her wearied body on its couch for repose, and quietly arose into the regions of eternal dream ; for, ere she awoke she died, died without a struggle, apparently without the motion of a muscle, for the quiet face wore still its genial smile. In the morning they found the pule, cold form at rent; but the spirit had been called, and obeyed the summons, taken passage with the mes- senger to the sphere where the angels bid her welcome to their LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 17 home. But she could not stay quietly there, for her boy was lingering and struggling in the wrangling world below ; and she asked and obtained permission to return, and guard him for a few years, to aid his feeble soul in its trial-hours and combats with a world of scorn and contempt. The Infidel laughed at the idea of her being a spirit, and the Christian ridiculed the idea of a spirit coming to earthly friends ; but both were ignorant arid in error ; for she was a spirit, and did come back from her happy home, to fill a mission to earth and to the lonely child. The phy- sician said she died by a nightmare. She says she died by a dis- ease of the heart. No matter; she was dead to the world of touch and sight, to the outer sense and earthly form, and only alive to herself and the spiritual senses of others ; and the Lone One now inherited his name and organization, and nothing more. No wonder the neighbors said they sometimes saw her form, pale and shadowy, sitting on the bier which stood long over her grave, in the orchard where they laid her body to rest near its kindred ! No wonder the timid and superstitious said they heard her voice moaning in the breeze, as it whistled through the orchard, answer- ing to the wind, which " sat in the pines, and gave groan for groan ! " No wonder the whip-poor-will flew directly from the house to the grave, and from the grave to the house, and sang mournfully his sad song at each end of his short journey ! No wonder all who knew her asked each of each, " What will become of her boy ? " Few, very few, in that day, knew that our parents dead were living still, our spirit-guides. Her blessing came in the lines of the angel, F. S. O.sgood : LABOR. Pause not to dream of the future before us ; Pause not to weep the wild cares that come o'er us ; Hark, how Creation's deep, musical chorus, Unintermitting, goes up into heaven ! Never the ocean-wave falters in flowing ; Never the little seed stops in its growing ; More and more richly the rose-heart keeps glowing, 'Till from its nourishing stem it is riven. 2* 18 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. " Labor is worship ! " the robin is singing ; " Labor is worship ! " the wild bee is ringing ; Listen ! that eloquent whisper upspringing Speaks to thy soul from out Nature's great heart ! From the dark cloud flows the life-giving shower ; From the rough sod blows the soft-breathing flower ; From the small insect, the rich coral bower ; Only man, in the plan, shrinks from his part. Labor is life ! 'T is the still water faileth; Idleness ever despaireth, bewaileth ; Keep the watch wound, for the dark rust assaileth ; Flowers droop and die in the stillness of noon. Labor is glory ! the flying cloud lightens ; Only the waving wing changes and brightens ; Idle hearts only the dark future frightens ; Play the sweet keys, wouldst thou keep them in tune ' Labor is rest from the sorrows that greet us, Rest from all petty vexations that meet us, Rest from sin-promptings that ever entreat us, Rest from world-sirens that lure us to ill. Work, and pure slumbers shall wait on thy pillow ; Work thou shalt ride over Care's coming billow ; Lie not down wearied 'neath Woe's weeping willow ! Work with a stout heart and resolute will ! Droop not, though shame, sin, and anguish, are round thee ; Bravely fling off the cold chain that hath bound thee ! Look to yon pure heaven smiling beyond thee ! Rest not content in thy darkness, a clod ! Work for some good, be it ever so slowly ; Cherish some flower, be it ever so lowly ; Labor ! All labor is noble and holy ! Let thy great deeds be thy prayer to thy God ! SECTION III. SUFFERING. The first half of the first decade in earth-life was now by the Lone One counted in years. Both parents (if he had two) were gone up out of their bodies, and he was left alone in his, fath- erless, motherless, penniless, friendless, worthless, useless, and LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 19 deathless. The last, and indeed, only, warm heart that beat for him was cold and still. The last and only face that smiled for him could smile no more. No hand to sustain, no arm to sup- port, no voice in kindness to direct, could he expect more, for now he was the world's child. Its cold selfish heart beat only for gold and glory, of which the child had none. The tears often stole down the cheek as the heart uttered its grief, while in child- like innocence he wildly asked, "Where is my mother?" " Your mother is dead," came, coldly, stupidly, back the answer. " What have they done with her?" " Put her in the ground." "Cruel, wicked men ! " exclaimed the boy. " 0, no ; God took her away." " Did God kill my mother ? " wildly asked the child. " Only took her away." " 0, cruel, cruel God ! bring me back my mother ; for the world has no friend for me when she is gone ! " But they laughed at the child, whose innocent and ignorant heart condemned God for taking away his mother, whom he needed so much and God so little ; for now he felt himself fully to be the " poor outcast of creation," " no more to hear a kindly word, or grasp a kindly hand." In obedience to the statute of New Hampshire, each town at its annual meeting selects three men who are overseers of the poor, and whose duty it is to provide homes for those who have none, and no means of support. Of course the world's child became their ward at the death of his mother. In the town was a citizen farmer, whose name we will call David, not because he slew Goliah, or Uriah, but because he was known by that name at the time. He was a trader in cattle, and sheep, and swine ; not well organized for a happy life, and badly educated in social and spiritual affairs. This citizen applied to the authorities for the boy, whom he had attempted in vain to obtain from the mother, for he saw in him a machine capable of doing much hard work, and releasing his own children from many tasks. He readily obtained the boy, and the bond was signed which sold the world's child into bondage for sixteen long years to one of the most cruel and cold-hearted masters. The bond required schooling each 20 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. winter ; and at the expiration of the time, when twenty-one years of life should render the boy a man capable of selling himself, two suits of clothes, and a hundred dollars in money, were to be his compensation for services. He was transferred from the mountain to the home of David, but never to the affections. Even the children were taught to manifest superiority over him, ho was with, but not of them. Not one spark of sympathy or love could be afforded him, for he was the child of nobody in this world. Many a time a sore back, or a bruised body, evinced the physical superiority and heartless cruelty of David ; often for trifling offences unavoidable to the boy ; the marks of frost and exposure on the extremities of his body remained for years, and the effects of hard labor, sadly unproportioned to his strength, remained still at the end of the fourth decade. True, the old jockey would sometimes come to visit his son David, and pat the boy on the head, and say " my son," words which he never heard from other lips addressed to him, and at which his heart would leap with joy ; and he thought, if David would only say those words, how he would try to be good. The effects of this severe treatment can only be entirely removed when he changes his home for that of his mother, or other spirit-friends. The summers came, and the winters came, and toil, toil, toil, was his portion. Not school, nor play. True, an old spelling-book said, " All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy." If so, he must have been a " dull boy." A poet says " work is worship." If so, the Lone One was indeed a " devout child ;" and yet the Christian creeds would have consigned him to hell, as the fashionable circles of society already had done for this life. Heavily, and slowly, the years rolled away, bringing to his childhood only misery and grief. There was no " under-ground railroad " to take him to freedom ; and no freedom for him to be taken into, except in the far-distant, and to him mystic, number, twenty-one. Why that should be the age for freedom, he knew not ; but so it was written, and he was the victim. Why that three- seven number should be a key to unlock manhood in a boy was, and still is, a mystery to the Lone One. Gladly would he have LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 21 escaped from this bondage to his mother, in " silent sleep," or " spirit-land," or heaven, or hell, or anywhere where she could meet him, and once more embrace him, and call him her child. But large caution, and a naturally timid heart, prevented him from self-destruction, even years after the point of time registered here. Thus rolled away the last half of the first decade, and brought the age of ten, to which he longingly looked as a time when he should be almost a man ; but, alas, how disappointed was the boy ! he was still a stinted lad. Sorrow, too deep, too keen, to be impressed here, bore down the childish glee and youthful impulses of his heart. Reasoning superficially, one would say this treatment followed so long in this period of life would crush out every spark of love and sympathy from his tender and child- ish heart, and that he would be hardened for crime, and driven in madness to wage war on the race ; but it was not so. Deeply seated in his very soul was an ardent yearning for love and sympathy, that no cruelty could extinguish ; it was ready at the first warm ray of love to spring into life and growth. He had felt, although he had not read, that " Whom the heart of man casts out, straightway the heart of God takes in." Five long years with a mother's love and nothing else, and five longer ones without even that, for a God, said to be a " God of love," had taken her away, and left the boy without any consola- tion, save in the future, and in freedom at twenty-one ; when the new year and fine days brought a birth-day dream, from the poet. " He dreamed that in another sphere He had the cycles run ; Ten million million centuries, Yet life had but begun. " Earth on her way was moving still, The moon wore still her light, The planets wheeled their stated round, The unfading sun was bright. 22 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. " And many a universe he saw, Ranged in the boundless space, Around the Almighty's central throne. That saw their tireless race. "But yet he sought this little earth, The scene of life's first years, Where first he knew of joy or grief, Of loves, and hopes, and fears. " Earth had become a paradise ; No more was strife or wrong, Or poverty or fell disease, That it had known so long. " No more o'er virtue vice arose, Or worst above the best ; All shared the gifts of God alike, And all alike were blessed. ' ' Thus closed the first ten years of life in sorrowful bondage, condemned, despised, scorned, abused, only because he had entered the world, (not voluntarily) ; not because he had abused it or sinned, but because God had (as the Christian said) sent him here with a nature totally depraved, and forced him through a totally depraved channel, in the estimation of society, without his consent. Whether he was here to expiate the sins of a former life, or as a missionary, or only for development and growth, could not at this period of existence be determined. " There is no wind but soweth seeds Of a more true and open life, Which burst, unlooked-for, in high-souled deeds, With wayside beauty rife." CHAPTER II. SECOND DECADE OF THE WORLD'S CHILD. The Ragged Orphan. The Fugitive Slave not delivered up. The Change of Homes. The Commencement of Education. Good and Bad mixed. Wind' ing into Manhood. SECTION I. FUGITIVE. ON the cold, stormy morning of January 5, 1823, the boy awoke from his " sweet dream of peace," and found himself still a boy in condition and stature, in the worst form of limited slavery, such as New England retained after she had freed her colored slaves. Within her limits slavery had not then ceased, although she had received the applause of some philanthropists, and even many years after, barbarism could be found ; for an old man was imprisoned sixty days, in Boston, for publishing in his own paper the fact that he did not believe in their orthodox God. Selling orphans and imprisoning infidels were sufficient works of cruelty to moderate her zeal on the subject of oppression, or ought to have been, at least, until her own hands were clean. True, it did not palliate the crimes of others ; but trying to get the mote from our brother's eye, with abeam in our own, was appropri- ately condemned by One long ago. The second decade opened with a renewal of the gloomy pilgrimage of his earthly journey, ragged and dirty, despised and dejected. The great pendulum of time made its monthly crossings, and at each swing groaned " no hope," no hope in this life, nor of heaven beyond. He had now begun to sin, although he could not read ; and was on the broad road to hell for sinning against God, of whom he only knew what the swearers 24 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. and boys told him ; for he had neither time or clothes that would allow of his going to hear what the preacher could tell about God and the devil ; and, if he had, in his unsophisticated nature, it is doubtful which he would have chosen for a master ; for he still supposed God killed his mother. New England had her churches, her schools, her social and family circles, her high life and her low life. The latter alone could he endure (not enjoy) ; the songs of joy and mirth went booming up from the groups of boys and girls at their merry plays, but the Lone One had no share in them. " Without, in tatters, the world's poor child Sobbeth alone his grief, his pain ; No one heareth him, no one heedeth him. But winter, his friend, with his cold, tight hand, Grasps his form, whispering huskily, What dost thou in a Christian land? " David had already begun to make encroachments on the title- deeds of his neighbors, adding at least one farm to his own, and was reaching after others, when, for reasons not to be mentioned here, his affairs became neglected, his business left at loose ends, and he began to go down-hill, as the neighbors said. Then every one was ready to give him a push or kick, which only made him more cross and cruel to those under his control. Domestic troubles, too, and unkind treatment of his wife, made her not less severe and cruel to the world's child. She, however, was never as severe as David being by nature a woman, and a mother, in marriage. She seldom used the rod, but only used her tongue for a weapon ; which, although severe to the sensitive heart of the boy, did not lacerate the body and soul both, as the treatment of David did. Prosperity and adversity are neighbors, and their dominions border on each other. The sun crosses the line at the vernal equinox, and lets winter into summer through spring, and again at the autumnal equinox lets summer glide through the autumn into winter. So our lives often are changed by crossing a line, and we glide into LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 25 prosperity or adversity, after nearing each day or week the mar- gin ; then turn again, as David has, since he crossed over Jor- dan, and went to the world, but not to the home, of the mother of the orphaned boy. David usually kept his own counsel, and consulted himself only, on business matters. For reasons best known to himself, he rented the rocky farm and old homestead, and moved to a small manufacturing village on the Lamprey River, to make money by keeping boarders. In this new home the almost constant presence of boarders or other persons rendered it more difficult for David to treat the boy as badly as he had done on the farm ; for he had some shame, as most persons have, and did not like to have people see him abuse the little urchin. New, and more, acquaintances were now formed by the Lone One, and all, especially the boys, had much sympathy for him ; for they knew he was not treated well and could not read, for the school- ing contract was not fulfilled to the letter, but another kind of schooling substituted for that designated in the bond. He heard stories of runaway boys, and boys going to sea, &c., and his mind dwelt much, both day and night, on the subject, until he was fully resolved to try his luck for freedom, by running away. But where to go, and how to introduce himself, penniless, friend- less, ragged, and unlettered, was still a source of great per- plexity, and one on which he could form no plan, and did not. He ventured to consult some of his more intimate boy-compan- ions, and they advised him to go to the ocean and get on a vessel, and " go to sea," as the safest mode of 'escape. But how to get there without a penny ; for, although he was fourteen years old, he had never possessed money in his life, except once a few cents to spend at a training, and scarcely knew the value of com- mon coins, except what the boys had taught him for amusement, or from charity ; for they had both for him. Seven years more of such servitude was too much for endurance, and almost any change preferable ; and he resolved to embrace the first favorable opportunity, and flee from bondage and the " wrath to come." About the middle of the first decade, the transition of the 3 26 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. mother and the sale into bondage made a great change in the condition of the Ly and with whom he had shipped thy goods the fall before, and LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 79 which he now so much needed, and which, it seemed, they needed to save them from starvation, or, at least, a near approach to it. Without much regard to road or stream, he kept, as near as he could, on the compass course to the sixty or seventy miles distant point, where his hopes were centred. Some time in the day he overtook a shanty, and, as every settler in that time kept taveru, of course he got some dinner and directions, and a little rest, and then pursued again his journey. As the evening shades came like darkening waves over the earth, a rain-cloud appeared in the west, and hurrying, as everything hurries in the great West, it soon brought both rain and darkness over the head of the wan- derer. His feet were then on a large prairie, like an open sea ; he found a path leading across it, but not in the direction he wished to travel, and the best prospect was a supperless lodging on the open prairie, in the rain, and wet clothes for a pack ; but even this, or worse, was the experience of other settlers of that country, and what had been endured might be again. With this hope he comforted himself, but ere he retired to rest he sought the most elevated spot he had marked by the declining light, determined to be as near heaven as possible, provided he should have to go up before morning, and provided heaven was up from earth. When he reached the summit of this elevation, and cast his eyes around in the darkness, behold, a light-house appeared in the distance. After assuring himself that it was not an ignis fatuus, and com- passing in his head the line to it, he set out in pursuit. It was a long, wet, dark, tedious, and lonesome way, but at the end he found the house that had the light, and the rough voice of its hardy pioneer owner welcomed him in, and listened to his story as he dried his clothes by the renewed fire. When the traveller had told his story, the settler informed him that he had been one year on Hart prairie, where he now lived, breaking sod, raising corn, and shooting deer and grouse ; and that the claim he was search- ing for lay nine miles distant, and the old man was on it doing well. The news gladdened the heart of the Lone One. A short Bleep, and short breakfast, and short price, were all soon despatched, 80 LIFE-LINE OF TUB LONE ONE. and the path pursued to the point of destination. A corn- planter, on the prairie, directed the traveller to the claim he in- quired for, but informed him his friend had gone from home, and might not return till the morrow. lie sought the ten-by-twelve shanty, and soon unfastened its door, took possession, and dili- gently searched for food. Bread he could not find ; but maple- sugar, and honey, and part of a ham of pork, he found ; and the beautiful brook, which played along its narrow channel by the door, was lined with cowslips. Soon he had the tea-kettle (the only article he could find that was suitable) full of the stems and flowers, boiling, over a renewed fire, in the rude fireplace. The boiled ham, salted greens, and honey-comb, made him the best dinner and supper he had eaten for many years. It was a beautiful day, and a beautiful place, such as only those who have been reared at hard work, among rocks, and stumps, and hills, and swamps, can appre- ciate ; and only those whose souls are inspired by the beauties of nature, and her wild-flowers, and magnificent landscapes, can enjoy. When he had enjoyed all his tired body would allow, and the curtain of night had dropped down over the scene, he cradled in the bunk or berth that was roped up on the side of the shanty, about six feet long by two feet wide, in which were some parts of a bed. The tired body and worried mind were both soon wrapped in repose ; and the " ocean of dreams without a sound " was not disturbed until long after the sun had begun shining on the beau- tiful prairie, awakening its songsters, foliage, and flowers. Sud- denly the door opened ; and, aroused, the Lone One opened his eyes to meet the face of his old friend, whose astonishment and curiosity could not be satisfied till long after the cake was baked, and meat cooked, and tea made, and the breakfast despatched. Sad news soon spread its terrible shade over the Lone One, as he learned that the vessel on which their goods were shipped had been wrecked, and his goods all lost. What next? Dark, darker, darkest prospect, what next ? Surely it is true that misfortunes seldom come single ; but once it was so, when the Lone One was born. The claim-aud-shanty Prince was somewhat the senior LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 81 of the orphan. His female partner for life had left him in Ver- mont, and gone off with some other person to some other place, they called it dying ; and as she left her body a corpse, they buried that, and never inquired after her more. The daughters were scattered out to live ; and the old man, poor and lonely, had wandered westward, where, at Monroe, he made the acquaintance of the Lone One ; and they soon felt the truth of the old adage, " A fellow-feeling makes us wondrous kind." But he made his fortune in this claim, and ripened his years in wealth, but de- clined in loneliness, for his life was marked with troubles for which he was not accountable. His kind heart prompted him to offer all he could of assistance. He proposed to get an ox-team, to bring the family and effects to the prairie, and to this little shanty, and there make a common home, until they could do better. But the Lone One could not consent to bring the feeble mother and child to such a place and condition, and in such a manner. He declined the kind offer, and, with a sad heart, paced slowly back the winding way to the partner's quarters, to sadden the heart of the mother with the news of their loss, and to gladden the face of the child, who had no care about it. He informed the fat old householder (he could not be called a landlord, for he owned no land, and was anything but a lord) that he could not pay the board charges more than a week without some means of obtaining money to do it with, and received, in return, notice to leave, as he must have the room for those who could pay. After much effort, he obtained a single room on the upper floor of an unfinished house ; hired an old cook-stove for one dollar per month ; and, with the few articles they had brought with them, they tried to " keep house ; " scraped up all the pocket-pieces of coin and little sav- ings, and purchased a barrel of flour and a few indispensables ; placed the bed on the floor, in one corner of the room, the stove in another corner, and the flour-barrel in another ; and the two chairs and table brought with them, with the bureau, a gift of the red-coat brother, made up the furniture of the large room. Almost the only consolation of the establishment was the barrel 82 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. of flour, which they hoped would last until some way should be opened to get more ; but hopes are often vain, and " the way of the transgressor is hard ; " and they hud transgressed in getting married before their time, and again in having a child, doubly premature; and they had also found the Bible told a lie when it said the sin of ignorance was winked at. They found it was pun- ished as severely as any. With this condition for a home, he sal- lied forth in search of employment, and occasionally, but seldom, found a short job for which he could obtain some kind of pay, but never money, and seldom anything to feed his family ; but, as he needed almost everything, any kind of pay was acceptable, and any kind of fuod desirable. When he could obtain labor, he could get eight or ten York shillings per day in something at the own- er's prices ; but bread and butter, and all such necessaries, were cash articles, and at prices something in this line : Flour went up during the season from ten to sixteen dollars per barrel, butter to fifty cents per pound, potatoes to one dollar and fifty cents per bushel, and other articles in proportion. One day in the month for stove-rent, and five more for room-rent, and Sundays to get up wood, used up each their share of time; and time was his only estate. Only a small portion of the remainder could he find em- ployment with any kind of pay. These were the trial-days of life, most severe of all in his experience, because others depended on him. What to do, or how to avoid starvation-corners, which he saw they were approaching at the end of the flour-barrel, he knew not. He wrote one or two letters to old acquaintances, soliciting aid, and one to the magistrate with whom he had left store ac- counts amounting to two or three hundred dollars. From him he received answer that enough could not be collected to pay costs, BO terribly severe were the monetary affairs. This was the last he ever inquired after the accounts. From the other friends he never heard, and probably it was well ; for twenty-five cents postage was more than he could afford to pay for a letter, and that was the price of postage. There was one other hope on which they depended some. They LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 83 had brought with them an assortment of garden-seeds. He had procured a piece of ground, highly recommended by its owner, and labored days and nights, and Sundays, when no pay-labor could be obtained, and planted the seeds and watched them spring up, and waited with much anxiety the signs of food from that source. But " storm after storm hangs dark o'er the way." Late in June came excessive rains and cold winds, and every plant of his gar- den, except the weeds, was drowned or destroyed ; and this car- ried more sorrow to the lone heart. Reader, do you think he had reason to thank God for life, and ask his blessing on every meal, and to believe him a God of love, with especial care of his chil- dren ? Or, was he one of the adversary's children ? If so, he should pray to the devil, for he certainly ought to serve and obey his parent, if any being, until his powers were equal to the parent ; then he should be free. But not free to serve his devil- father's worst enemy. A life of sorrow, toil, poverty, and trouble, seemed now before him ; yet, with untiring energy, he devoted himself to the duty of supporting those dependent on him. If he had been the wicked man which sectarian Christians said he was, and many of them would have made him to be, jf they could, he might have run away, and left his dependent wife and child ; but the wicked world could not make him wicked, with all its persecu- tions, for his soul was " above, while in, the world." Now he needed the angel's voice which whispered to the poet : " Hope on ! How oft the darkest night Precedes the fairest day ! 0, guard thy soul from Sorrow's blight ! Clouds may obscure the Day-god's light, But he will shine again as bright When they have passed away. " Hope on ! Though Disappointment's wing Above thy path may soar, Though Slander drive her rankling sting, Though Malice all her venom bring, Though festering darts detraction fling, Still must the storm pass o'er. 84 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. " If slave to Poverty thou art, Bear bravely with thy lot ; Though keen her galling chains may smart, Strive still to rend their links apart ! Hope on ! for the despairing heart God surely loveth not " Hope on, hope on, though drear and dark Thy future may appear ! The sailor in his storm-tossed bark Still guides the helm, and hopes to mark, Amid the gloom, some beacon-spark His dangerous way to cheer. " Though wealth take wings, or friends forsake, Be not by grief oppressed ; Stern winter binds with ice the lake, But genial spring its bonds shall break. Hope on ! A firmer purpose take, And leave to God the rest." We have been more particular in this part of our narrative, because the Lone One was nearing, and now about to pass, the peri- helion of his life-orbit, in which he and his family were nearly con- sumed by the devouring elements of conflict and antagonism which make up the life of competition in civilization. How deeply little incidents stamp themselves on the memory-canvas when they occur in the trial-hours of life ! The long and heated days of July were slowly passing. The flour was fast lowering in the barrel, being almost the only food. The search for labor was often in vain, and, when found, was only of the hardest kind, with poorest pay, as is the custom in our Christian society, where even religion is inverted. Again the tightening cords of oppression were to be twisted, and the house-owner notified the tenant to vacate the room, for he was to open a tavern in a few days, and should need the rooms. After much effort and long searching, he obtained a claim-shanty from a Canada land speculator, who, with little money and much skill, had secured a claim-title to a portion of what is now the LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 85 city of Kcnoslia, which finally changed his condition from poverty to riches, and became a complete stumbling-block to the develop- ment of his only son. This claim-shanty, for which the Lone One was to pay one day's labor each week as rent, had a hole in the ground for a foundation and cellar, and one room about twelve feet square, with one window and one door, and a rude ladder for stairs to lead up to the chamber with its loose floor, and a roof so near that your head was ever in danger of contact with the projecting nails. A few loads on the wheelbarrow completed the moving of all but the stove. This the wealthy owner could not afford to let at one dollar per month any longer, for it would then sell for near twenty dollars ; but the Devil provides for his infidel children, in such trials, about as well as God does for his Christians, and the stove-place was supplied by one which was purchased of a keen, speculating trader, who agreed to take hay for the pay ; and as the United States had plenty of grass near by the village, the cautious child of poverty dared to promise the pay, for the United States owed him for fighting service of his father. He had fairly settled in his new residence, and paid several weeks' rent, always boarding himself (for in those times board was an essential item in all contracts for laborers, and the laborers seldom got a meal from the employers), when the flour-barrel was empty, and the stove-owner called for his pay to the amount of twenty-five dollars, which could not be paid by less than twenty or twenty-five days' labor in good hay-making weather. Reader, what would you have done? Pray? what for? to whom? would he answer? how? True, he could collect some kinds of food to prevent starving, if his time was at his own disposal ; but now five or six weeks must be devoted to paying for the stove. But, " What shall we eat ? " said a female voice. " Let 's take account of stock," replied the Lone One. " Where shall we be- gin ? " said the woman of tears to the man of sorrows. " With the beans." "Enough for three or four meals." "Salt." "Half a peck." "Good supply, that. Let's ask a blessing 86 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. over it," said he, trying to cheer up her heart. "0, don't be too sacrilegious ! Maybe some Christian will help us, if you don't scare them oft"." "Christian! I should like to see one, this side of the land where no Christians thirst for gold." " Well, what next ? " " Tea." " The tea, and coffee, and sugar, which we brought with us, are all nearly out, may last two weeks. But we cannot have any more milk of K.'s folks ; so your coffee will not be very palatable. Spices and such things we have some, but no use for them. There is pork enough for you three or four meals, and rice enough for Bob about a week, and that 's all." She had not eaten meat nor drank coffee for some years, and never did after she began to live this narrative, and this was one cause of social inharmony. Physically she was his superior in purity and refinement, her body being above that excited and irri- table condition in which his was kept by coffee, pork, and tobacco ; for, like all who use tobacco, he could manage to keep a supply of the filthy weed, however poorly he lived. Smoking he thought did help to drown trouble, but little did he think it only helped to make it. " What can I eat? If I eat Bob's rice, it will not last us but two or three days, and then he '11 starve, for you know he cannot eat anything but bread and rice." Potatoes had been one dollar and fifty cents per bushel, and had not found their way often into this family. " Well, that 's all ; now what shall we do ?" " Flour is sixteen dollars per barrel, and they will not sell less than a barrel ; and if they would, we have no money, and I could not get a pound of flour nor a dollar of money for labor, and I must get up the hay for that stove, now, or give up the stove." "Well, if we have nothing to cook, we shall not want the stove long." His labor had already supplied him with haying-tools and a small note of ten or twelve dollars, against a good man, payable in produce aficr harvest. This he vainly tried to exchange for flour or meal, and finally for other food ; but all efforts failed, till he went to the debtor and told him his situation, and asked advice. The man was his friend, and sympathized with him ; he was him- eelf poor, but had a good claim, and improvements, and a fair LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 87 prospect of competence, if not of wealth. He had a field of po- tatoes planted early, and quite forward, and he gave the Lone One permission to use them as soon as they would answer to dig and measure, as he wanted them, and pay the market price, on the note. On examining them, he found they were about half grown, and would answer to eat with salt (not butter, for butter was a luxury for the few). " Another streak of good mck," said he, as he landed the peck of half-grown potatoes on the floor. " You see Providence always provides for us. Ought we not to thank Providence now?" "Perhaps we ought; it might be worse with us than it is; very likely some people suffer more than we do." " Well, then, I suppose they have more reason to be thankful ; but I wish I was Providence a little while. I 'd make everybody happy, and have one jubilee of joy and thanksgiving ; but this Christian Provi- dence seems to have no pity for the poor and suffering part of our race." " We shall not starve, shall we? But I know these will make me sick, and I dare not give them to Bob to eat, for you know we have eat nothing but bread so long, and this hot weather I fear we shall all be sick." "'No, we shall not be sick; that terrible time we had on the lakes will save us this year from more sickness." "Well, maybe so, but I will save the rice for Bob, and give him potatoes once or twice a day." "Salt them well, and we can all stand it till some change betters our condition ; then we will thank Providence, or anybody else that helps us." " You '11 forget it, then ; for you never think much about Provi- dence, except when we are in trouble." " That is the time I need his help, if ever ; for ' a friend in need is a friend indeed,' and certainly we are in need, and now I should like to see some of the kindness the Christians tell so much about." " But that only comes to Christians." " 0, I thought He was no respecter of persons. I cannot be a Christian, but I might be a hypocrite, and pretend it; but I could not cheat Providence, I suppose, and I guess that is the reason He neglects so many who pretend to be Christians." " Well, I don't view these things as I used to, but 88 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. I know mother would think we wore dreadful wicked, and that God would not bless us in our sins." " Would she think Him angry ? " " Perhaps so, but she is honest in her belief." " Of course, but that does not make it true. Well, if he is angry at me, I cannot help it. I guess he will not strike me dead ; and, if ho does, I do not care, if he will only take care of you and Bob." " Don't talk so ; let 's go to sleep." The bed, the stove, the table, and two chairs, with a stool or two for themselves, when they had visitors, made up the furniture, with a packing-box made into a cupboard. The last effort to obtain flour had failed, by reporting honestly his condition, and offering any property he possessed (except his wife, for the law, or priest, made him have property in her), and any amount of labor, or money when he could obtain it. He only received in reply, " Our flour is sold on commission, and only by the barrel, sir; we can't accommodate you." Day after day, week after week, the morning and evening meals were made up for the family of the new potatoes boiled and well salted, and sometimes accom- panied by little turnips, greens, &c. The same article was car- ried to the hay-field for his dinner, to which he walked near three miles to his daily toil, and returned at night weary and lonely, but encouraged, for he was paying for the stove, and should soon own it ; and with this bright prospect he tried to encourage his wife, and she tried to enjoy it with him. But poverty was a severe trial for her, and this her first trial, but not his first. Many will say he should have avoided this. So he should. But, " only think if yours had been like his, a cheerless life," how could you have known the dangerous way to steer better than he did? But the severest and most touching trial of poverty had now arrived and taken lodgings with the Lone One. " Behold me I am Famine." The rice was exhausted, and the potatoes did make the feeble child sick, and his pale and quivering lip, accompanied by the imploring look of a keen bright eye full of tears, morning and evening, would entreatingly beg of the father, " papa, cake, cake ! " as the significant finger would point to the LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 89 cupboard. The salt and potatoes, forced down by hunger, gave him a summer complaint, and his appetite rebelled against the only food his parents had to give him. The tears of the parents could not explain to the child why he could not have bread; but the mother's heart, under the constant and imploring entreaty of her child, gave up the last spark of pride for the time, and she went to the claim-owner and begged for the child bread. And another kind lady, the feeble but beloved wife of another claim- holder, learned the condition of this child, and (she loved chil- dren, but had none) she sent it a little milk almost every day ; and still another lady, of the house where they had lived, had sympathy (and needed it too almost as much as this poor mother), and sent a little flour and butter, and thus they, or rather the boy, was a charity student in a civilized world of experience. The weeks passed by, the potatoes grew better, the stove was paid for, and they rejoiced over the acquisition of this necessary article. Haying-time lasted till late in autumn, and the Lone One cut more than fifty tons of hay, which, after paying for the stove, the rest was used to obtain other articles of necessity or use, and usually brought him about one and a half or two dollars per ton on the meadow when ready to load on wagons. Pie could usually put up a ton in a good fair day, and walk to and from the meadow owned by God, of whom United States was the agent in possession, with a kind of squatter-claim agent under him ; and they managed, I believe, at last, to cheat God entirely out of the title, and got full ownership themselves, without a title from Him. Before haying was over the harvesting began. Grain yielded well, and flour was reduced in price and plenty, and the family were supplied a good share of the time with bread for labor or other exchange. But money was still almost out of the market. This life-trial was borne by the wife and mother with a patience and fortitude well worthy her New England ancestry, which proved that the stories of her grandmother's trials and hardships had not been told her in vain. She did not spend her time murmuring or fault-finding, but patiently waited and 8* 90 LIFE-LINE OF TUE LONE ONE. labored for a better condition, seeking and sometimes finding some light work she could perform for others when she had none for her own family. The Lone One had been schooled in poverty, and of course could bear it ; for he had himself cried to a poor mother for bread and cake when her scanty pay could not furnish it, and when so few among those abundantly able would employ a woman who had a child to feed. The cough and disease seemed to relax their hold on the wife, in this hard trial, as they did in several others. She seemed to beat the waves of misfortune with increasing force. Every dark clcud must pass along ; every darker night must yield to dawn ; each tightening grip of poverty or hunger must relax, and let the sufferer feed at last on earthly or celestial food. These were the days when small favors were thankfully received; and a few such were recorded then, not soon to be forgotten ; and perhaps such trials are to some extent necessary to enable us to fully appreciate the kindnesses of life. " . . . In youth's unclouded morn, We gaze on friendship as a graceful flower, And win it for our pleasure or our pride ; But when the stern realities of life Do clip the wings of fancy, and cold storms Rack the worn cordage of the heart, it breathes A healing essence, and a strengthening charm, Next to the hope of heaven." " For when the power of imparting joy Is equal to the will, the human soul Requires no other heaven." SECTION VI. ANOTHER TURN. Did you hear " old Satan, that arch traitor who rules the burning lake," say, " Turn the spit, Jack," and give the Lone One another change ? Did you ever read the story about his chat with God, which occurred on the occasion of one of his visits to the kingdom with the saints, about one servant of God, called LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 91 Job, and what followed ? That accounts for the introduction of boils and whirlwinds, if not for all other evils that afflict us " to this day." You will find it in the Jewish classics. October browned the autumn leaves, and the frosts changed the greens of the earth to brown ; the prairie-fires were pipe-lighted on many of the rolls of the rolling prairies. The hole in the earth under the shanty of the Lone One was well filled with potatoes, and tur- nips, and cabbage, and pumpkins, and the garret had corn and dried pumpkin. The poor family were congratulating themselves on the prospect of wintering without starving, when, on a cold November morning, the stern old Cannuck owner came in and told them he was sorry to disturb them, but he had sold the shanty to a man from Chicago, who had gone after his family, and would be there in a week to take possession, and they must be out of the way. 0, how little those families who have homes of their own know of this terrible infliction being turned out of homes, with no money to hire others, and no others to hire, both of which evils were now realized. Reader, did you ever disturb a little animal with its winter supply of food, and rob it of all its depend- ence ? If you have, an experience like this would prevent you from ever doing it again ; and by it you may learn why the Lone One ever after, if not before, had such a sacred regard for the homes of the poor, both of man and beast. " Man was born into the world poor, naked, and bare ; And his progress all through it is trouble and care ; And liis exit from out it is no one knows where ; But, if well he does here, 't will be well with him there ; And no more could I tell you by preaching a year." No other jvigwam could be found unoccupied in all the region round about, and the family, whom poverty had made friendless, were compelled to engage board at the house where they once occupied a room. The little store of eatables was sold for enough to pay for three or four weeks' board ; and there, in prospect, was again the end of the fortune-rope. For the best season of labor 92 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. was at a close, and nearly all the settlers lived during winter, and most of them the whole year round, by speculating on lots, and prospects, and on one another. In this the victim of poverty could not engage ; for he was too cautious to even purchase on long credit a claim to one or more lots in the village, which he might safely have done, had he known the prospects of the place. " Another streak of good luck ! " exclaimed he to his mate, as he came in, one day. " I have turned pedagogue, and engaged to teach the village school, for which I shall receive enough to pny our board." This was secured by the aid of the landlord, who no doubt found interest and charity combined. The first schools in a newly-settled country are usually the rudest and worst to teach ; not requiring in teachers much education, but much patience, and more mental discipline, self-control, and power to control others. In this school the preceding teachers had allowed the larger boys to govern themselves, and mostly the school also ; but the new teacher determined to have order and discipline such as he had been accustomed to see in New England, and he began with the largest and most unruly, who were not accustomed to being con- trolled at home or in school, and of course rebelled at this author- ity, entered complaints that he was too strict, did not pray in school, nor make them read in the Bible. The ready tongues of two or three pious mothers and their unruly boys soon made a commotion ; and although the trustees sustained him, and wished him to continue, he declined and left the school, rather than have two or three large boys who needed most the school taken out by their pious mothers. This was the first and last time he ever found himself opposed by females, and even some of these became afterwards his warm friends, when he had gained the public title of Ladies' Advocate ; for he was organically and instinctively a " ladies' man," and became more and more so as his life opened and ripened, and in riper years so much so as to excite the jeal- ousy and envy of many sensual and selfish minds, and array them against him as enemies, because the ladies loved or esteemed him more than themselves. LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 93 The snow-storms had sprinkled the frozen flakes over the prai- ries. Thirty-eight was in his dotage ; had made his will, and was about to depart to the region of the " home-wind," and be suc- ceeded by his next of kin in numerical order. All day, with rifle, had the Lone One wandered o'er hill and valley, in pursuit of deer, with only tracks for game, when cold and hunger .and approaching night bade him return home. It was far away. Snows were troublesome to his weary limbs, the mercury was falling, and darkness stealing over the earth, as drowsiness was over his brain ; but caution was aroused, and informed the intellect that it was the signal of death. Pauguk was looking at him, but he was not ready to go to the " Islands of the Blessed," and leave a widow and orphan destitute, and among strangers. By extraor- linary efforts, by rubbing his face and limbs with snow, he at length iid succeed in reaching home, where the warm room soon brought fainting and intense suffering, from which, by the aid of brandy and friction mixed, he at last recovered, and then realized more fully the near approach he had made to " death's door." The experi- ence of that day lasted until he left the school of hunters, which occurred a few years after, when his soul had become too sensi- tive to murder such animals as are usually killed for game ; and then he was glad his history had never been stained by the murder of a single deer, although the blood of much other game cried from the ground against him, as Abel's did against Cain. In the midst of the holidays the stove and scanty furniture were loaded on a wagon, and, with their legal owner, carted about three miles from the village, into the thick wood, and landed in an old, dirty log-house, near a saw-mill with a broken dam. The team returned, and left the owner to watch all night with the goods and the ghosts of the departed former occupants. The rats, probably Bupperless as the intruder, seemed anxious to pry into the new furniture, and had to be often silenced by the voice or tread of the watcher. He had no lights, and the teamster could not stay to assist in putting up the stove. It was one of those long nights that seem almost endless, when we are hungry, cold, sleepless, and 94 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. alone, in the dark. Even the rats were better than no company, especially when " a fellow-feeling makes us wondrous kind." Next day the team returned with the rest of the family, and the old- bachelor partner, and a supply of provisions advanced to the part- ners on a job of cutting saw-logs for the mill, which they were to repair and run on shares, when it should thaw out. As this home was the centre of some important events in the life-history, and the birth-place of an only daughter, now grown to womanhood and a classical scholar, I should like to present the reader a picture of it ; but my book must go into market without pictures. It was made of logs, and capacious, with only one good thing about it a good roof. It had two windows, but needed none for light or air, until after the partners thawed the mud and plastered the cracks on the outside. The floor was easily taken up at any time, to recover the tongs, and spoons, and feet, which Bob often dropped through it ; and also to drive out the rats, which for a time dis- puted possession of the basement. The chamber was made to sleep in, or on ; and if you wished to keep the occupants up there, you could easily take the ladder down. The bachelor partner was a joiner, and the house was soon " fixed up," and housekeeping under way. The house stood on an elevated ground, and overlooked the mill and pond, when there was one, with a garden and small meadow in the rear, where the woods had been driven back. A small clearing on the rich bottom-land below was also used for garden and corn. On these grounds, the garden, allowed with the tenement, furnished abundant pay for the labor bestowed on it by the Lone One for the two seasons he resided there. Day after day the bachelor, and he who ought to have been one, started early, carried dinner, and returned late, as they cut and counted saw-logs ; but it paid well, for they could earn near three dollars per day, and, as they shared equally in expenses, they could save near one dollar per day each. But the job was short, and soon came warm days, and work on the mill, etc. " Shall we damn the dam to-day ? " said the Frenchman, Louis, LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 95 who, with Peter, boarded at the house several weeks while they chopped cord-wood, except when Peter eat coon-meat for break- fast, and went up a tree to sleep. " Yes, damn the dam ! " said the bachelor, as breach after breach was made and repaired, and the mill running about one day in four or six. A few weeks were sufficient to satisfy the bachelor, for he had no pets to cry for bread, and he proposed to take his share of the pay for chopping, and " put out ; " and so he did, and that was the last and least they saw of him, for he went to the prairie-land of Indiana, took a wife, and engaged in raising babies. Louis and Peter also departed for their Canada home ; the stream dried up, and the never-lasting dam staid, when the water was gone, as they fixed it. During the little jobs of sawing he secured in his share some lum- ber for a small house, and bargained for a lot in the village, about half an acre of land, and agreed to pay in lumber. The good man of whom he purchased lengthened out the time for payment, and only asked for promises, and interest yearly, till it could be paid. The summer crowded along, and the Lone One often trav- elled two or three miles to do his day's work, and back at night, to the home where the mate was passing terrible days of trial and suffering, watched and aided by an excellent little French woman, who had moved into a small frame-house near by the log one, and owned by the mill-owners also, but which the Lone One was too poor to obtain with the mill ; for the greater our necessities, the less favored we are. The long, hot days had not all passed, when the physician had to be called, and the maid hired, and the baby cried. Another unwelcome intruder, to be fed and clothed from the scanty fare. 0, the ignorance of poor, and rich, hus- bands and wives, in this bigoted Christian land ! It is deplora- ble ! Not half, or even one fourth, of the babes are distributed where they are needed and desired ; and yet enlightened Christians are continually prating about God's mysterious providences in such matters, as if God had more to do with it than we have, when the parties are priest-tied. Several works recently pub- 96 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. lishcd by H. C. Wright, T. L. Nichols, A. J. Davis, Fowlers, etc., will do more to remove suffering, and enlighten minds on the most important subject of this life, than all the religious books of the last half-century ; and every family too poor to purchase any book should apply for a Bible to the Society, and exchange it for Davis's fourth volume of Harmonia, or H. C. Wright on marriage and parentage. If there could be a society formed to supply these and other works of a kindred nature to every family, and especially every newly-married couple, it would do thrice the good of any Bible Society, and the beneficial effects would be at once felt and last- ing. But we must return to the cabin not to live, " thank the stars." The mother slowJy recovered, the child was well, and the poor little sickly boy 0, reader ! could you once have a look at, or picture of, that family, and this object of pity ! " There," said she, " I hope now we are done raisin' babies." The fall winds and rains came, and the mill did run some, but the dam run more, and trial after trial came backing down, until one of the owners really believed it was bewitched ; but he was pious, and afterward be- came a preacher, so he had a right to believe in witches. Winter came slowly along, and the garden crops, and day wages, and the little lumber, all economically appropriated, enabled the poor fam- ily to live until spring brought the fish in the stream, and more water and work on the dam. In the deep cold winter the feeble boy came near a change of homes, one severe cold night, which greatly cooled after bedtime. He was bedded, as usual, on his sacking creek, on the opposite side of the room from his parents, with perhaps two or three thicknesses of quilt under and over him. Toward morning, one or both the parents were awakened by some unseen, unheard agency, and directed to the noiseless boy. The father was soon by the boy. He was cold, and not a warm spot in the clothes where he lay, nor on his body, save about the vitals. He was instantly transferred to the other bed, and after a long time became warm, and awakened ; but there was never a doubt in the parents' minds that he would have been borne away LIFE-LINE OP THE LONE ONE. 97 iu the sleep to the land, or world, of dead children, but for the agency that awakened them. One notice of this kind was sufficient for the blended life-line of the family. Thirty-nine went noise- lessly out, and Forty of hard cider notoriety came noiselessly into power. At the cabin the hard could be found, but not any cider. Wisconsin was a minor, and had no vote ; she raised no cider, and had no need to import any. They survived the frosts and sufferings of the winter, and came out, as usual, " spring poor/' It was probably the poverty and hard times that kept the wife alive ; for she was too poor to die, and they were too poor to have a funeral, and fate designed they should each of them have one, and a meeting of real friends, not a few, on such occasions. One principle of philosophy always bore her up, namely, " All that is, is for the best." Again, in the spring of Forty, the snows and rains run both mill and dam, but, by often working eighteen hours out of each day, he had sawed lumber enough to fence his lot, and sufficient for a small house, of such kinds as grew in that forest where there were no pines or hemlocks, and had paid nearly half the price of the lot. Every such little success encouraged him to renewed action. Again the garden was planted and flourished, and again work for wages on the dam, and elsewhere, supplied the family scantily with food and clothes ; for by this time even the wedding clothes were worn out, with nearly all of the good supply brought with them. The elder sister, with her consumptive husband, had by that time arrived from Michigan, and also a box of goods from the mother of the sister, whose liberality was fully equal to her ability. At the close of the fall term, the Lone One resolved to leave the mill and cabin, and seek some other home. Half- way to the village was a pious Methodist farmer, for whom he often labored, and who was scrupulously honest, for he believed in hell, and in his religion, and feared both God and the devil. The old man lived and raised his large family in a log cabin, but had a large farm and plenty of provision. He had put up a wagon- 9 98 LIFE-LINE OF THH LONE ONE. house, with large doors in the cold end, that faced the home of the west wind. This he proposed to patch with boards on the out- side, and with papers inside, put up a ladder for stairs, and take them in as tenants, till they could do better. So they did, and did better as soon as possible, but not till a year had been spent there as a home, in, not quite the hog-pen, but wagon-house. It was while they lived in this house that the family reared, fattened, and slaughtered the one, and the only one hog they ever did or ever will feed or own. This was not the only event of importance that occurred at the wagon-house station, for here in '41, about two years after the birth of the daughter, God, or somebody else, sent along the doctor, and, probably by mistake, left a boy at the wagon-house ; but this fine boy was such an improvement on the other that she was not very sorry, for everybody praised this boy, but did not consider the other worth praising. This summer a schooner bore the Lone One down the lake into Green Bay, and to the Escanaba River, where for two months he made pine boards, and returned with his fifty dollars wages, and with it paid for his lot, and received the first title he ever had to a spot on his Heavenly Father's earth, where he could set his foot in his own right. His hopes were now high with the prospeqt of a home for his wife and babes, and as many more as God should please to send; for they came with- out prayers or solicitation to this, as they do to most poor homes, But, not yet, said a silent voice. " Turn the spit, Jack." " Pain's furnace heat within me quivers, God's breath upon the flame doth blow, And all my heart in anguish shivers, And trembles at the fiery glow ; And yet I whisper, As God will, And in his hottest fire hold still. " He comes and lays my heart, all heated, On the hard anvil, minded so Into his own fair shape to beat it, With his great hammer, blow on blow ; LIFE-LINE 01' THE LONE ONE. 99 And yet I whisper, As God will, And at his heaviest blows hold still ! " Why should I murmur ? for the sorrow Thus only longer-lived will be ; Its end may come, and will to-morrow, When God has done his work in me ; So I say, trusting, As God will, And, trusting to the end, hold still." Two physicians in constant attendance, seven of the nine family in the log cabin of the Methodist sick ; the wife- mother given up by the family as the victim of death, and, with terrible groans and screams of fear, and repulsion of the change, which need not have taken place but for fate and friends, she crosses over to the other shore, and the others are pronounced safe ; for death had gone with his unwilling Methodist victim, amid groans and shouts of the preacher, enough to disgust the savages. But let us turn to the wagon-house, for the doctors also called in there every day. A raging fever held the body of the infidel husband fast to the couch, and the same terrible gripe was also on the elder boy, and the younger boy shook daily with ague, and cried piteously to the feeble mother and little two-years-old sister. All were in one room, and that a wagon-house, in the autumn of the year. The preacher did not come in, he was not invited; but the doctors said the boys were safe, but the father's case very doubtful. On the day of the funeral, the husband of the body (for he was never the husband of her spirit, for he had a wife before and after her) said there was no hope of the Lone One ever recovering, and obtained from the physician an approval of his opinion ; and the echo soon reached, in the wife's whisper and tear, the heart of the sick man, and he well knew the desire of his friend for a death-bed conversion, as better than none. Calmly, and almost smilingly, he whispered, " No, I shall not die; but, if I should, I do not want any howling priest, nor any of that kind of religion which makes death so terrible." " I hope you will not die such a terrible death as she did;" and she was 100 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE y'tf'E. one of the best women they had ever met, and beloved by all who knew her. " No, I can die as quietly as I could go to sleep, if my time has come, and my work is done ; but it is not, and I can- not go." Now, at the very time when most needed, came the kind sister whose magnetic powers had once saved him from death ; and a few hours of her magnetic influence, unconsciously bestowed on him, carried him beyond danger, and astonished even the doc- tors, who could not tell what, or which, of their medicines had thus wonderfully saved his life; but surely it was not the calomel, for that, by his request, had been left out, by his agreeing to run the risk of recovery by other remedies. The son was soon well, but slowly the father recovered strength enough to shake with ague each alternate day, and hear the friends anticipate an all-winter business of it. What a prospect for winter ! It seemed impos- sible to keep all the babies from freezing, in that wagon-house, through the approaching winter. True, the lumber for a little house was already en his lot in the village; but he had no means to procure other articles and labor for the house, and was even now in debt for provisions, for now he had a little credit at the stores, and had been obliged to use it for flour, &c. Then there were the physicians to be paid. One thing was sure if he could not work during the winter, both the lumber and lot would have to go, and thus all the struggles of near four years to secure a home -would be in vain, and his future prospects darker than those of the past. Thus had these prospects been changed by the sickness or the fever which seems a terrible scourge to the poor, but sometimes a blessing to the rich, and perhaps to all. " The cloud which bursts with thunder Slakes our thirsty souls with rain ; The blow most dreaded falls to break From off our limbs a chain ; And wrongs of man to man but make The love of God more plain; As through the shadowy lens of even The eye looks farthest into heaven, LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 101 On gleams of star, and depths of blue, The glowing sunshine never knew." With a resolution worthy a better fate, he went to the village, hired his board with a family who had once been poor, but could now afford to trust him, where the good living, and the medicine selected by himself, with constant labor on his house, soon restored him to health. The house, about sixteen by twenty-six, one room high, was, by the aid of the old farmer a few days, up, enclosed, shin- gled, and floored, and with a little more store credit, lathed, plas- tered (all of which he did himself), and ready to move in ; and the farmer's team soon brought them to their new home, all but a cow, which, amid the trials of saw-mill life, had been purchased, and came with far more rejoicing to the family than either baby. This they left to winter, but not to sell, for well he knew the long, even years', trial he made to obtain one, which he at last secured for lumber. They were now moved into their own house. " Sup- pose we sing Sweet Home," said the Lone One. " Sing ! we can never have singing in our family, for you learned in a saw-mill, and I in a prayer-meeting, and both are about alike." "Well, we are out of flour, and that last you got is not paid for, and they won't trust you again, will they ? " " And out of almost every- thing else, except a house ; but .... this is our house, and lot." " Yes, and I am so glad, I feel as if I never want to move again." " And we can have such a large garden here, I guess we can live." But another evil was upon them ; in plastering the house, for want of a glove, he had worn his fingers on the joints, and, by the aid of lime, the sores had become extremely bad, so bad he could not use his hand, and for weeks was laid entirely up from labor, when they needed so much the pay, and when the creditors were in con- stant fear of losing the little money he owed them ; but he had a home, and this served to sustain him under all afflictions. Through all these trials, he had never learned to drink, to swear, to gamble, nor to cheat ; perhaps he did lie some most people do ; but on this and all subjects he was strictly conscientious, but very 9* 102 LIFE-LINE OP THE LONE ONE. infidel, for the Boston Investigator furnished his mental Sunday food through nearly all his trial-days; and she liked its beautiful poetry, and interesting prose, nearly as well as he did. They were now once more close neighbors to the elder sister, who was also in a little shanty of their own, and poor, for the husband was sick with consumption, and, with their two boys, they were trying to breast the waves of competitive life. A mild winter of 1841 and 42 was slowly wearing off; the hand recovered slowly, and the Lone One found labor, often several miles from home ; and, since the exorbitant rents were closed, the debts were worn slowly off. The lot had been fenced, and ploughed, before the house was built, and was ready for a garden soon as spring should clear off the snow. One subject was still in mystery : why God had not sent these babes to some of the fine homes of the rich, where such " blessings " were desired, for the pious always affirmed that " God giveth and taketh away." Cer- tainly, if they had a choice themselves, or were " free agents," they would enter such homes, and not crowd on to the poor in such profusion. Yet no family could have a more tender care and watchfulness than these parents over the germs intrusted to them. To the ignorant, God ever deals in mysteries ; to the enlightened, never. Spring and summer of 1842, labored in gardens, on farms, on the streets, in the woods, or anywhere where labor could be found, and pay obtained, and thus fed and clothed the family, with the aid of the milk of one cow, and also during the season obtained lumber, and built a small barn, and supplied it with hay for the cow ; bought an old log school-house, where he had once tried to teach, and tore it down, built a wood-house, and secured some comforts around their little home ; had a good garden on the new land, where only the Indian had dug before ; and when '42 was about to leave his Santa Glaus tokens, the cellar and spare room in the little home were well supplied for winter. " Guess we shall not be turned out this fall," said the laborer. " Hope we never shall move again, I do like this little home so," came the answer back. When the year went out, it also put out the third LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 10d decade of the Lone One, and his effects summed up in, a wife and three babies, in a little seven by nine house, on about half an acre of his Father's earth, which, by several years' hard labor, he had at length obtained a title to, from those who had purchased, as he had, from an original robber, or thief, for, as God had never sold it, of course those who did stole the title, or robbed God, and his weaker children. " A billion of acres of unsold land Are lying in grievous dearth ; And millions of men in the image of God Are starving all over the earth ! 0, tell me, ye sons of America, How much men's lives are worth ! " Ten hundred millions of acres good, That never knew spade or plough ; And a million of souls in our goodly land Are pining in want, I trow, And orphans are crying for bread this day, And widows in misery bow ! ' To whom do these acres of land belong? And why do they thriftless lie ? And why is the widow's lament unheard, And stifled the orphans' cry ? And why are storehouse and prison full, And the gallows-tree high ? " Those millions of acres belong to man ! And his claim is that he needs ! And his title is signed by the hand of God Our God, who the raven feeds; And the starving soul of each famishing man At the throne of justice pleads. " Ye may not heed it, ye haughty men, Whose hearts as rocks are cold ; But the time shall come when the fiat of God In the thunder shall be told ! For the voice of the great I AM hath said That the ' land shall not be sold ' ' 104 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. Thirty years of struggles with disgrace and poverty had now been worn off, and, although he had obtained a little spot of earth, to eat and sleep on, and to house his family on, yet he pUinly saw that the whole system of land monopoly was robbery, and the greatest of all curses in the system of civil and political economy adopted by civilized nations. He had also given some attention to the study of phrenology, called to it at first by the abuse and ridicule which priests and religious papers heaped upon it; for he had ever found them abusing the world's best reforms and reform- ers, and so it proved in this. He had already become an active participant, and the " Ladies Advocate," in the Iyci:um, and ever the opponent of theology, and the defender of new and unpopular truth. For, since he was what Christians termed an infidel, he could afford to defend what they condemned, until it should tri- umph, or be beaten. January 5, 1843. Let us take account of stock: One tolera- bly healthy man, working out by the day, with a good prospect of following it through life. One poor, sickly wife, the mother of three children; far more willing than able to do the work of the family. One sickly boy, near five and a half years of age, with poor promise of usefulness. One healthy and petulant girl, of three and a half years. One healthy boy, of one and a half years. A little cabin for the family, and one larger for the cow. Good supply of garden vegetables, and not much else, to live on. Was he not well paid for living and laboring as he had, for thirty years, in his heavenly Father's vineyard? "Truly, God is the God of the poor," said a Christian. " Guess he is," said the Lone One; " but he pays them, I suppose, in heaven." " If they are Chris- tians," replied the saint. " And if not, does he cheat them out of their pay ? " asked the sceptic. " If not Christians, he send? them to hell." " Poor place that for his children ! " CHAPTER IV. FOURTH DECADE OF THE LONE ONE. Death. Birth. Death. New Field of Mental Search after Spirits. Change of Homes and Life. Entered the School of Socialists, and reached the Grad- uating Class. Entered the School of Politics, and graduated. Entered the School of Affectional Development, and graduated with Honors, alias Slan- ders. Entered the Class of Teachers, and graduated a Preacher. SECTION L THE LONE ONE AT HOME. " BROTHER, art thou poor and lowly, Toiling, moiling, day by day Journeying painfully and slowly On thy dark and desert way? Pause not, though the proud ones frown ; Faint not, fear not, live them down ! " Though to vice thou dost not pander, Though to virtue thou dost kneel, Yet thou shalt escape not slander ; Guile and lie thy soul must feel Jest of witling, curse of clown ; Heed not either, live them down ! " Hate may wield her scourges horrid, Malice may thy woes deride, Scorn may bind with thorns thy forehead, Envy's spear may pierce thy side ; So through cross shall come the crown : Fear not foemen, live them down ! " 106 LIFE-LINE OP THE LONE ONE. " Strive on ! the ocean ne'er was crossed Repining on the shore ; ***** Strive on, 'tis cowardly to shrink When dangers rise around ; ***** Bright names are on the roll of fame ***** And these were lighted 'mid the gloom Of low obscurity, Struggling through years of pain, and toil, And joyless poverty." Elegant tombstones are erected only to preserve the memory of the rich. The poor do not need them, for they have their reward in the other life, if the Lazarus and Dives story is true as an exam- ple, or if Jesus' blessing reaches them. It is probably best that riches should be displayed over the graves of those who possessed them, as they will not mark any distinction in the next life. So of books, and especially biographies and lineage lines. They are mainly written of and for but not by the rich. The lines and lineage of poor people are of little account ; but this narrative will be an exception, and no doubt excepted, in the list of sup- plies, for it is only the history of a poor man, not trying to get rich, but trying to get a home, and then a deserved reputation, in spite of scorn and envy. If we follow the line of life of this family, I trust the record may be as useful as a tombstone oyer the grave of one who has gone to another world to live, and left his accumulations here. Forty-three' entered the throne of time in the winter, and held a cold grip for months, but at length began to soften, as the sea- sons were turning their varied phases. So the world of mind was in commotion, and constantly crowding individuals over the ups and downs of lift:. At this time the " Millerite excitement " was having its run in the West as well as East, and the deep snows, or prairie-fires, the eclipse, or the whirlwind, were alike seized as an LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 107 evidence that He was coming. Always betraying the deplorable ignorance of the very superstitious. A religious revival&id con- verted most of the inhabitants of the village, and many of them, by their own acknowledgments, needed it, and some as often as once a year. The sceptic was compelled to admit a use iu reli- gion, as it made some bad men acknowledge their sin., and thus warn those not to trust them who knew such conversions did not change the real character of the convert. Some of his neighbors were caught in the revival meshes, and some in, the Millerite storm ; but he moved calmly through each, saying to one class, you will know better when you get sober ; and to the other, you prove it clearly from the Bible, but the Bible is not reliable, and this will show you it is not. And it did open the eyes of a few ; but the blind priests threw dust in the eyes of most of them, so they did not see the real truth, although they saw the world jog on as usual. Scarcely had the spring of '43 unlocked the casket, and dis- tributed the jewels of winter, when an entire stranger came to the little obscure home, more unwelcome than the one who brought the babies. It was a messenger from the " Islands of the Blessed," after one of the boys ; and for a few days it was uncer- tain which he would take, or whether both, or neither. But he finally called the younger, but had put his finger on the elder, and left him almost breathless ; and it was long before the father could catch from the low whisper the word salt, as the same boy that shed tears when he could not obtain bread for tears struggled with every gasp for breath, and dropped its tear again in grief, that it could not make an anxious father or mother understand the word salt. He was dying for salt, but the tear answered in the father's eye, as he at last caught the word, and only dared let him touch, with the tip of his tongue, the lump of salt, from which moment he began to recover. The stranger had gone, but he had taken the mother's darling, the noble boy, whom everybody praised. Reader, do you think it was God who sent that child to the wagon-house, and then took it 108 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. from the little home ere it had either said or sung its mission here ? The doctor could not save it, and perhaps he thought they had enough without it. It broke a chord in the heart of the Lone One, and started a search, and research, which never ended until he as- certained whether that child had ceased to be conscious ; and when he found it had not, he did not stop until ha ascertained its con- dition, and heard from his own darling boy the story of his new life, and friends, and home. But the body what would such religious sceptics do with it ? No priest or deacon was called, and no sermon preached to save its soul. Their only fear was that it had no conscious soul. By the assistance of a few friends the oody was put under the soil, in the bury ing-ground, and an apple- tree planted on the top of the grave, and a crib fence placed around to protect the tree. The grave was often visited by the parents during their stay, and has been often visited by the father since. There, no doubt, lies yet the body, never to be resurrected ; and there grows the apple-tree, yielding its fruit. But the boy, now grown to a fine youth, with another body, often visits both father and mother, and they both know the fact, and him. The mother has often been made to feel, by his presence, that " An angel came to me, one night, With glorious beauty clothed, And with sweet words of hope and joy My way-worn spirit soothed. " He fanned my cheek and burning brow, And cooled my fevered brain, And with his own deep music-voice Sang many a loving strain. " ' 0, mine is not the power,' he said, ' To fit thy heart for heaven ; The gift to purify thy soul Unto thyself is given.' " I turned, the angel-guest to ask What could the vision mean ; He only smiled, then flew away ; I woke 't was but a dream." LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 109 But, 0, it has not proved a dream ; for soon she, too, will "leave the shell below," to join the happy throng who wait her thfre, and who have watched her through her night of trials and pilgrimage below. Work by day, and watch by night ; pay the doctor, but not the priest ! 0, foolish man, why not stop the doctor, and stop smoking, and leave the coffee in the store, and the meat in the market. Then, perhaps, you might feast, instead of fasting on spiritual food all the time. But he did not know it. He had begun his studies in phrenology and mesmerism, and was making progress and practical use, as far as his time would allow ; which was not much, for he was street commissioner and road master for the town and village, and had plenty of work for himself and others on the roads, and constructing a bridge, all the summer and fall of '43. This was his work six days in seven, and in his garden and house on the seventh ; for he had not yet become a preacher. He collected or returned all the road-taxes of the town, for the land had been purchased, and the titles were now secure, and the property taxable, and the village fast growing to be a city, which it accomplished about ten years after, though rather a diminutive one. It does not grow much since. However, it is Kenosha, and nothing else, and has a selfhood among the cities. Occasionally he had sold goods at auction, as he had often done in Monroe, and this brought a call from Chicago. Two months he sold goods for Stanton & Russell, one of whom not long after went to " Pone- mah," from the kingdom of " Wabasso," in one of Fremont's excursions in the snow-drifts, and the other is " nobody knows where." He had also rented a spot of ground on the street, be- tween two stores that were near neighbors, and roofed it over, and had a store to use or rent, and tried to make it pay for itself; which it nearly did in the end, although the zealous anti-slavery man who furnished the materials shaved him with a two-edged instrument high prices and great usury. But that is customary in all trades with the poor. The rich will not stand the shave, and how could a man get rich unless he could shave somebody ? I think I hear the reader say, about here, " I wish you would 10 110 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. hurry up this life-line ; I want to get at the marvellous part of the sto%." You might as well stop here, if that is what you are after ; for there is nothing marvellous about it, except the two ends of the story, and the knot that ties them together. All the rest is " commonplace," and such as you have seen. But it is a hard-twisted line, and has been twisted from both ends at once ; perhaps yours has not. It is not a rope of sand, either, for it will not break between the ends. Perhaps you wish it would, but I do not wish so ; therefore we will go on, after a dessert. " . . . . Those who greedily pursue Things wonderful instead of true, That in their speculations choose To make discoveries strange news, And natural history a gazette Of tales stupendous and far-fetched, Hold no truth worthy to be known That is not huge and overgrown ; In vain strive nature to suborn, And for their pains are paid with scorn. ' ' In the summer-time of '43, the inside history is also worthy to be recorded here ; for the Lord or the doctor had again visited the little home of one room in-doors, and one out-doors, and left another baby-boy, which several causes had hurried into this sphere both in embryo and in birth before its time. It had sparkling bright eyes, but none praised its body. The seven- months boy was approaching seven years, and doing well ; but the eight-months boy, of course, could not stay here, for all the women said so, and therefore it only staid about eight months in the outer world, and began to be interesting and attractive, when the one who had gone to the other home came after him, accom- panied by a sister of his mother and several others, and they took him away to rear and educate in their new home. They laid its body beside the other under the tree, and returned sorrowing to the little home. But the poor, feeble mother 0, what a trial was her life ! In the sexual blending of natures, in the mutual LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. Ill affinity of desires, in the congenial attractions of souls, in the mingling soul-sympathies of a love-life, in the deep, ardent emo- tions of a united heart-beat, the twain had never been one. The weaker form and milder nature of the wife and mother had ever been the greater sufferer. The hasty and abruptly-broken court- ship, which had been cut off ere it had ripened, had not been cul- tivated and preserved as it ever must be, before or after marriage, to secure happiness in conjugal life. Indeed, it is not certain that any but a life of courtship, in or out of marriage union, ever can be a life of mutual happiness for man and woman. It is certain that those who are most happy in married life court each other very much as before marriage ; and it is also certain that the life of the Lone One and his mate became a happy life when they renewed and continued their courtship, and not before. True, courtship, in or out of wedlock, would be somewhat different, but should never be so different as to prevent either from absolute control of person, nor should marriage ever give one party the right to dictate to the other, or compel, even by entreaty, any social or sexual relations not mutually desirable. How much misery might be saved, and how many homes now miserable might be made happy, by observing this rule of life ! This pair learned it, but late, later yet ; and after years of suffering and sorrow, such as many others experience, but seldom write or relate, but hide from all but those who can read the history written in the countenances of all persons who have any to be written in or on. The time has come when a sensualist cannot hide his character without hiding his face and shape of head and neck ; nor can his victim, if he have one, hide her sufferings with- out hiding herself; and close observation proves there are a few cases, and only a few, where the female is in the ascendant, and the man the victim ; but they are so few as to be scarcely worth noticing. Now we will let this domestic current run alone a while, since two babies have gone over, and two are trying to live here, and the mother is extremely feeble, and the friends all 112 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. Bay she cannot live long with such a weak and emaciated form. Few, very few families can be found where there are less jars or discord, before or behind the curtain, than were felt in this little group of sufferers from hereditary and educational defects, and social ills they knew not how to cure. Patiently she toiled through these years of suffering, annoyed by a constant cough, which sometimes gave her not one hour's rest for weeks, and other trials of child-bearing in deep poverty ; but all these were developing in her a soul-sensitiveness which will ultimately carry her to the group who have come out of great tribulation. The trials were not all on one side, nor were the sufferings all on one side ; but his " eager ardent " mind had a wider range for exer- cise than the one who was confined at home by poverty, sickness, and babies. " A little longer, but a little longer, And earth, with all its griefs, its joys, its cares, Its beauty and depravity, its burdens for The pent-up, struggling soul, its aspirations For a holier clime ; its jarring passions, And its ' gushing sympathies ' (for even such Are found upon its rugged way), its loving hearts, And vile, unhallowed ones, and all it has Of beautiful and good, and bright and pure, And the dark stains upon its loveliness, Shall pass away." " Then let us meeker bear its burdens, Struggle on more patiently amid its sorrows, Enjoy with purer, more heartfelt delight, Its blessings, and, with eyes upturned to heaven, And hearts longing more earnestly for its Enduring joys, await ' the change of spheres.' " "When '44, the eventful year, began, some of the long evenings were spent by the Lone One with a small group of honest and earnest students of Mesmerism, who held regular meetings for experiment and investigation. A paper called the Magnet, edited by La Roy Sunderland, gave them most of their directions for management, LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 113 until their own experiments became interesting and finally useful, especially to the Lone One, for he did not leave this lead until he discovered the existence and condition of his boy in the spirit- world, and of many others ; for, unexpectedly to him, it led directly to this knowledge, and those who dared to follow it far enough have found it to extend into and connect with the sphere of spirit-life most beautifully, in independent clairvoyance. It was through this channel that the Lone One entered the new con- dition of life, and became possessed of the, to him, all important knowledge of another life, and of the immediate and sometimes intimate connection of the two spheres. And by this, too, he learned that his mother was still in existence, and had, through many years of trial and hardship, watched over and guided him as well as she could, though not as well as she would have been glad to do, if possessed of more power. During these investiga- tions, some of the works of Swedenborg fell into his way, and aided him much in forming a philosophy ; for they were the first reli- gious books he ever read that united religion with philosophy and science, and therefore were the only rational ones to him. But these references run along over several years, during which other very important living currents in the life-line were running their race also. At this time the country was being much agitated by the dis- cussion of Fourier's principles of association, and the zeal with which the New York Tribune and several other papers defended the science of new social relations, and the reorganization of society ; and the glowing prospects of several societies already commenced as they were portrayed by enthusiastic believers, who lived in, or visited them, brought the subject before the lyceum of the little village, in which the sufferer from competition and social ills was a conspicuous member. He soon found enough to enlist him in its favor. Its vast economies, its equitable dis- tributions, its harmony of groups and series, its attractive industry, its advantages for schools, meetings, parties, and social festivities, all seemed to make its theory invulnerable to attack, except from 10* 114 LIFE-LINE OF TUB LONE ONE. the false and abominable doctrine of total depravity, which he never did admit, and which he believed to constitute blasphemy, if such crime existed. The Lone One entered ardently and ear- nestly into this new system, and sought all the information he could obtain of its principles and results. Then came the taunt from the opponents to him and others, " Why not practise it, if you believe it the best way to live?" and they answered, We will. It is singular how little incidents sometimes turn the chan- nel of life. The home partner of the Lone One did not hear these discussions in the lyceum and everywhere, and hence did not become a convert to the doctrines, nor in love with the theory ; but she had ever been the silent partner, and acquiesced in all his plans for life, or only gently remonstrated, and then gave up, as she thought a true wife ought to do. In the spring of '44 an organization was formed, and some old fogies placed at its head to give it dignity. But the Lone One, who was really the mental motive-power of the organization, but who had no dignity, and very little money to add to it, was made vice-president, and of course, in the absence of the chief officer, had to act as presi- dent, and this was in all business meetings and matters. They had printed articles of agreement, which constituted an organiza- tion in all but the law. Had stock shares of twenty-five dollars each, on which, by offers of great usury, they raised several hun- dred dollars, and employed one Ebenezer Childs, of Green Bay, a man long a resident of northern Wisconsin, and familiar with the country and the Indians. to select for them a location, with land and water privileges. Sent with him three men, good judges of land, to accept or reject such location as he should point out to them. After about twelve days' search in a delightful country, and in the most favorable spring of many years, they at length returned, laden with the burdens, as those of old from Canaan ; but the committee, like that of the Jews, never went there to live. They had selected a tract of government land in Township Sixteen, North, Range Fourteen, East, ten miles from the Neenah, and on a small stream that tumbled over cliffs of LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 115 lime-rock, and emptied into Green Lake three miles below the falls and the location. Next the money was collected and sent to enter the land ; but, as the association, which had now assumed the name of Wisconsin Phalanx, was not a legal body, therefore it could not hold land-titles. The treasurer had given bonds, which, in law, ran from somebody to nobody. One good friend to the Lone One and the enterprise, a young lawyer, was aware of this, and kept the leading mind informed on it. It was now evident that several prominent characters had only lent dignity and character to the movement, and never intended to lend other aid, and that the treasurer was of this character, and, like most men, of doubtful honesty when bej'ond the reach of law ; but the assembled officers had no other alternative for themselves or him, and therefore resolved to let him enter the land in his own name, and hold it till an act of incorporation could be obtained for the society, and then transfer it to the soulless being which the law should create. But the treasurer had paid in no part of the money, and by the resolve was not to send out all that was in his hands. The vice-president was made the business agent, to receive eight hundred dollars, and see to the entries ; leaving about one hundred dollars in the treasury, which never came out, for reasons. The lots were selected, and the money sent to Green Bay by a merchant of that place, and the duplicates obtained as the vice-president directed ; but they were not in the name of the en- raged treasurer. They came in the name of a quiet citizen of the village, of irreproachable character, and far too honorable to defraud any person, and one in whom everybody had confidence who knew him. This was a bold move for the Lone One, but such as the necessity demanded, as was fully proven afterward. He excused the assumption of power when it was necessary, by the fact that the wife of the treasurer lived in another state, and that his home, if he had any, was there also. The com- motion this would have caused was not felt by most of the inter- ested persons ; for while this was being transacted they had col- lected teams, and cows, and tools, and provisions, and tents, and 116 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. started, nineteen men and one boy, with three horse-teams and several ox-teams, " overland," to the land of promise, by the way of Watertown and the long prairie. They camped and marched, and marched and camped, and, after six days, met, at the house of the nearest settler, the Lone One, who had taken another route on foot, and alone, by the way of Milwaukie and Fond-du- lac, the latter being their post-office, twenty -five miles from the location, and the place where he received by mail the duplicates of land, which they were now to find and improve. This glad, Saterler Clark, neighbor, pointed them out the trail, which means an Indian pony-road, and is very much like a snake's path in the mud. They camped at night where the city of Ripon now stands, on the north bank of the stream, near where the stone mill now stands ; and on the morning of May 27 to them ever memo-, rable they repaired to the valley below, on the beautiful plain surrounded by hills, like an amphitheatre, and one of the most beautiful spots nature has formed in Wisconsin, and then, on their own land, pitched their tents, stuck their stakes, dipped their spades, and laid the corner-stone of the town of Ceresco, as the Lone One called the place, and the post-office, which was soon established, in answer to the petition and his request, with their acting secretary, L. R., one of nature's but not man's noble- men, and a true-hearted reformer, as post-master. The 27th of May was duly solemnized and celebrated, this, and for several succeeding years, as the landing of the pilgrims ; but it is now all done, for other hands and motives guide the settle- ment. Yet it is pleasant to look back to the hours of joy, and hearts of quickened and joyous beat, that once assembled annually on that day, under banners, and listened to speeches and songs, and partook of the best the land could afford. But perhaps, reader, you were never out West ; and if so, perhaps never saw the beautiful spot here referred to, and you may not be aware that Uncle Sam bought the lands between the Mississippi and Lake Michigan of those who never owned them ; and, being himself the highest tribunal of authority in this world, could not have hia LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 117 title tried ; therefore he proceeded, by well-paid deputies, to run out these lands into townships of six miles square, and then to subdivide them into sections of one mile square, and again into quarters and quarter quarters, the last and least being forty acres. And these were sold and conveyed, by a title that was in- disputable in this world, whatever it may be in the next, where there is other authority. T'ae south line of Wisconsin was the base line of this survey, and sixteen townships north of this line was the range of Ceresco, and fourteen east of a line near the great river, from which they counted eastward, was the exact spot which brought it in the north-west corner of Fond-du-lac county. But, as prejudice and envy has since changed the beautiful name of Ceresco, both of town and post-office, to Ripon, it is thus pointed out to the reader by landmarks. At the time of this immigration there was no settler in the township, and none in the one north, nor the one east, nor the one south, but three or four in the one west, on the beautiful border of Green Lake, which was a strip of timber between the prairie and the water. The long days were well filled with toil by the pioneer social- ists, and the short nights were devoted to sleep on the ground, under the tents. The Scotch sailor cooked for them in open air, and they eat on rough boards, under the shade of a bower, when it did not rain ; and when it did, they eat standing, to avoid an excess of water on the body, and because they could shed rain better in that position. They put in one hundred acres of wheat on the prairie for the next season, and potatoes, and corn, etc., for the running season. On the morning of June 10th, the ground was white with frost, and used up most of the corn, and beans, and vines, which they had hurried up on the new sod, so beautifully turned, where no rock nor root was in the way of olough and spade. They also began to erect three dwellings, twenty by thirty feet each, one and one half stories high, and thirty feet apart, which were completed by winter, from oak-trees, which furnished, without saw-mill, the frame, the clapboards, the 118 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE 0> 7 E. shingles, and the floors, and all except the stairs and upper floor ; which were obtained at a saw-mill twenty-two miles distant, itt Waupun. A saw-mill was also erected, and a dam ; and on this, in the hardest work, and most exposed labor, could be found the Lone One, almost every day, never to be beaten at hard labor, nor outdone in devotion to what he believed true. It was late in winter before the saw-mill was in running order, and then the stream was frozen too much for use, and they had to winter once without many boards for man or beast. The hay, which was abundant, supplied the place of boards for shelter for beasts, and for beds for the families. In this excursion the families had been left behind, and some of them were as impatient for their new homes as the husbands were to have their wives with them ; and ere the dwellings were enclosed, some families were already on the spot, brought by the horse-teams, which were kept constantly travelling from and to the old and new homes. Toward fall the Lone One returned to his home, and found the mate had improved in health, and all were quite happy in the little house. He informed the quiet citizen, M. F., that he was the legal owner of all their lands in Ceresco, and that, in due time, they should call on him for a transfer to the real owners ; and was assured that all was safe, and that the trust should be honor- ably fulfilled to the last. " 0, dear ! " said the sorry woman, " I am so fearful we shall not get a home of our own again, if we sell this and go up there ! " "I cannot think of always working out by the day to support my family, and there would be no other chance for me here. Our prospects are better there than here ; and we shall have a home in the domain as long as we own a share of it, of course." " Well, just as you say; but I don't feel reconciled to it; but, as you have to earn all we have, it is right for you to control it." He soon found a purchaser for the little home, at seven hundred dollars, by taking a horse and buggy, and other property in part, and cash and notes for the rest ; and their effects were soon loaded on two wagons, and the wife and children in the buggy, and all on their way to the no home for her, called LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 119 the new home, on the domain of the Wisconsin Phalanx. The first night found them at Burlington, where the elder sister, now a widow, was living ; for her kind husband had at last shaken off the consumption and his body together, and gone to the hereafter to fit a better home for her. They could not take her and the boys along, as they would have been glad to do, for the new home was only new land as yet, and they were yet dwelling in the tents, but not in the " tents of wickedness," for they had no rum, or drunk- enness, profanity, or licentiousness, and no lawing, doctoring, or Gospel-preaching, and, therefore, were nearly free from the wick- edness of civilization. Through awful roads and rainy days they at last reached the hill-top, which overlooked the plain below, and were soon discovered by the eager watchers, for they all felt the necessity of the Lone One's presence, and willing feet brought happy faces and ready hands to meet and greet them, ere they reached the quarters allotted for them, which were one fourth of one floor in one of the dwellings, parted from the other three families by carpet and quilt partitions, and from the out-doors by the crooked oak clapboards, through which light and snow could easily find entrance. Here they placed one bed and a stove, and packed and piled the rest as best they could, and thus, somehow, eight families lived in that house through the winter, which, fortunately, was a mild one. They all eat at a common table in the basement of another house, where all the cooking and eating was done by, and for, the society. Well may you conjecture, reader, that she was unhappy, for she had not partaken of the excitement that brought others willingly here ; but she did not scold nor complain much, but tried to bear it as well as her feeble body would admit. " She is content to stay, and smile, and suffer ; For when the ' golden gates ' unclose for her, She knows a spirit, that has waited long, Will clasp hers in a wordless welcoming ; Making the very memory of tears A strange dream of the night we misname life ! ! when the sad smile trembles on her lip, 120 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. In tenderness for other hearts that ache, She would not barter hers a sufferer's boon Of power to sympathize, for even the love Most tearless, sinless, sorrowless, in heaven ! " The history of the Wisconsin Phalanx would be interesting to many and useful to some, at least in disabusing the minds of those who never heard any good of it when it was alive. But we can- not give it a place here, save as it was connected inseparably with this Life-Line; for surely this line run directly through it, and formed the main artery of the body, without which it would have given several convulsive throes, and then been dead. When the families (about twenty) were all packed for winter-quarters, and the boys hunting fence-timber and saw-logs on Uncle Sam's land, then the Lone One started to secure a charter, or act of incorpo- ration, for the society. The act had been carefully drawn up by him, and submitted to the members, and approved, and he was authorized to secure its passage with as few amendments as pos- sible. With this view he visited several members of the territo- rial legislature, and submitted it to them, and secured the aid of Borne of them. While on this errand, and far from home, and they knew not where to send for him, a violent fever seized the wife and son, and both lay gasping for life in the rude corner they called home. Twenty miles distant was a skilful physician ; and a faithful friend, whose noble English heart ever beat in unison with the Lone One, made rapid strides till he reached the home of the doctor, and would not allow any delay till the doctor was by the bedside and heard her say, " My husband would not allow me to take calomel, nor will I consent to its use myself for either of us." " Then I will do the best I can without it," said he ; and for eight days and nights he did not return to his home, nor leave them for many hours ; and on the ninth day the Lone One re- turned suddenly, unexpectedly, impelled by some interior force to him unknown. The physician said they were both out of danger, if attended with great care, as they had been by the ever- watchful friends. Forty dollars paid him, and ten more the coun- LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 121 gel-doctor, who had been called from Fond-du-lac; for tney all expected she would die, and did not intend the husband should attribute any neglect to them. Soon the boy was up, and the mother gained fast under the magnetic influence of her husband, and soon was out of danger, so he could leave for the capital where the chosen committee to repair the laws of God and man were assembled. He was soon in the lobby, closely watching the fate of his bill, which did not excite much opposition in the Assembly, but, by the aid of his good friend, the doctor, from Fond-du-lac, who was a member in seat, was slowly and properly passed, with but slight amendments. It then went to the Council, where he also had some good friends, especially the one who held the titles to their domain. But here the cormorants attacked it, because they thought it a good subject to make capital on ; and down came the giant Argus, which was the paper that watched the interests of itself and party. The Lone One offered replies and defence, and, although a politician of the same school and party, theAryus dare not admit both sides, and it had decided the bill evil, and only a cheat- ing scheme, and most especially a social heresy. But the Lone One did reply through the whig paper, and through a daily democratic sheet in Milwaukie, until the Argus was sorry it ever took up the subject ; and long after was more sorry still, for it felt the effects of the injury it had inflicted on innocent persons. But the owners got rich out of the territory and state, and therefore could afford to have sore consciences. Two lawyers, one a democrat from the west part of the territory, who fell through some years after, because he kept bad company and bad counsel ; and the other a whig, then rude and undeveloped, but who afterward became a noble man, and the first and best chief justice in the state, attacked the bill ; the first to please the Argus, and the last more for sport and fun than in earnest ; and it was a hard conflict for the law, so essential at that time for the security of the settlers. But at last the final vote let it through, and the rejoicing man in the lobby was permitted to follow it to the executive rooms. " It will not compromise my democracy to sign it, will it ? " said the smiling 11 122 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. Governor Tallraadge, as he pleasantly added his approval to the act, which enabled the Lone One to return to his anxious family and more anxious friends, who were waiting, in deep suspense, the fate of the charter. He soon reached home, and exceeding joy ran through the crowd as they heard the good news. " Now we are safe, for our property will be in our own hands." Soon the deeds were executed, and all the property safely lodged in the corporation, which, although, like all such bodies, it had no soul, had a name, and that was the Wisconsin Pha- lanx. The officers were soon elected under the charter, and the " tempest-in-a-teapot " excitement, which lasted till it was done, all subsided, and the machine was a thing of life in the spring of '45, breaking and ploughing its way in the new township like a " little giant." The neighbors, who had begun to locate in the vicin- ity, were greatly alarmed by it, and most of them were sure it would do mischief; for it had great power, they said, and would monopo- lize. They wished the cursed thing was dead. A few only saw no evil in it, but only a power for good. These " four-year-ites " furnished the material and news for prairie-yarns and gossip for all the region round about, and tended greatly to alleviate the trials of tedious labor and long patience in the new homes. Summer of '45, the saw-mill was making boards ; the " long home " was going up in sections, which continued to lengthen till twenty tenements, of twenty feet each, were joined together in two rows, with a hall between, all under one roof, with a ridiculous plan of a double-front house and hip roof, looking more like a rope-walk, or salt-works, than a house ; but it was the best they could do, so the architect said, and so the workmen responded. By personal effort, and great struggle, and some jealousy, the Lone One did get his tenement finished in the winter, and moved into it, the most capacious house he had ever occupied in Wisconsin ; having one room twelve feet square and a bed-room below, and two bed-rooms above; no cellar, of course, for they lived a unitary life, which meant to eat at a common table and work a common farm. But the families all had separate homes to retire to LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 123 after meals. A stone schoolhouse had been erected, and a school commenced, which never stopped, except for necessary vacations, till the society ran out its race ; and then it left the children of the members qualified for teaching the other schools, and children of their own ages around them. The township was set off and organ- ized, and an election held on the domain for town officers ; and, as there were only three or four other settlers, of course the officers were elected from the members of the Phalanx. The post-office also was in their hands, but they had to bring the mail from Fond- du-lac for the proceeds of the office ; which they cheerfully did, at much expense, once a week, for their own and their neighbors' bene- fit. They felt the great advantages and economies of combined labor and living ; but some were not satisfied with the unitary life, especially of houses, and sighed for the retirement of quiet meals in family circles, as of old. Others were greatly pleased with the unitary table. Both males and females were about equally divided on this subject ; but the plan and buildings had been com- menced for the unitary living, and could not easily be changed now. The single men, of which there were quite a number, were very much opposed to a change. This apple of discord finally grew until it was of sufficient power to break up the society, with other feebler aids. In '46 the improvements were greatly extended, a grist-mill erected for their own use, and this had to be watched to keep the envious neighbors from burning it ; and so strong was the prejudice because they would grind their own grain in their own mill, and would not, because they could not, grind for others. The jealousy increased as fast as their prosperity, and the Lone One saw that the only obstacle to success in social and cooperative life was the undeveloped and prejudiced condition of the people. The widowed sister and her two boys had been moved to the new home. A payment obtained on the old home enabled the younger sister to leave her son and daughter with the elder ; and now, nearly ten years after she had left her mountain home in New Hampshire, to think of a first and last visit to it. Soon all 124 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE was arranged, and she, feeble and emaciated, started, piloted by one of the best of sea-captains, who was also on a visit to his old home and family in Newburyport, where his wife, long accustomed to being captain in his absence, had learned to manage so well that she was captain when he was at home, and therefore, to be a captain, the old gentleman chose to sail on the prairies of the West, as he was too old to sail on the ocean. Safely they moved down the lakes and " raging canal," and over the mountains, till she reached her paternal home, where glad hearts welcomed her, as they would not have dared to do if she had come from the spirit-home, which she had so often neared, but never quite reached. Rapidly her health improved, and the release from cares, and home, and husband, enabled her to greatly recruit her natural powers, and become quite fleshy by the time set for her return in the spring of '47. " Is this the spot where once so well My taskless childhood loved to stray ? Where now the sweet but nameless spell That lured mine idle step away ? " The charms which then my fancy fed In vain I now essay to find ; The spirit of the place is fled, And left its grosser part behind. " The rocks are not so quaint and gray, The leaves are not so fresh and green ; The brook, upon its noisy way, Is cheerless through the sylvan scene. " I am not raptured now to hear The warbled joys from every bough ; The witching sky, so blue and clear, Is but a common prospect now. " 'T is I have changed ! for nature still To childhood's heart is jnst as dear, And forests, waters, field, and hill, Have music for its listening ear. LIFE-LINE OP TUB LONE ONE. 125 " The dream of youth, which comes to all, Has passed like morning's starry train; Sweet memory may its form recall, But cannot give its power again. *' The silvery streamlet of the glen, Which loves and fairies hovered o'er, Has flowed into the haunts of men, And lost its beauties evermore." Thus she sang and mused as the autumn closed its work of dis- robing the trees, and winter drifted the high rocks under snow, and the April suns sent the white sleet foaming down the cliffs. Then she sighed for her pets and her distant home again, with all its perils and trials. She was accompanied, on her return, by a cousin who came West to visit a sister in the Sucker state, and who soon married there and engaged in raising Suckers, beside her sis- ter. They were met, on their return, by the Lone One, at Sheboy- gan, and visited their old Southport home, then slowly returned to their new, but to her ever less happy, one, for not yet was she imbued with the principles of associative life. The Phalanx was now in the days of its prosperity ; increased its lands to near two thousand acres, and its stock to about thirty thousand dollars, and its fam- ilies to over thirty, and members to about one hundred and fifty. Most of them ate at one table, and worked together on the domain. Had a good and successful system of rewards for labor, by which they were not troubled with drones danced one evening in each week, or rather the dancers did. Our family, whose line runneth herein, never danced nor sung ; but the Lone One usually preached on the Sabbath, and practised all the week. He also kept the public well informed of their success and prospects, through the Boston Investigator, the Phalanx, and Harbinger, and later the Univerccelum, for which he wrote during its life. The latter was almost worshipped at the domain, at least, registered as the best of papers, the little Pleasure Boat, of Capt. Hacker, too, sailed out there. But we must close this Phalanx history, and let it rest, for other lines require our record-pen. Capt. I). P. Mapos 126 LTFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. had settled in the town, and declared war against the Phalanx, although in sentiment he held opinions nearly the same as its leaders, especially on religion and politics ; but he was jealous of its power. He was a brave captain, but he could never make any headway in this opposition, but only served as an outside pressure to crowd them closer together, and prevent, for a time, the internal pressure from separating them. But at last the inter- nal pressure overcame the external, and the Phalanx died of a lingering fever in its collapse. It was interred in its own bury- ing-ground, by its own children, and the requiem sung by its own council, and its epitaph written by the Lone One, about as follows: ISorn in the spring of 1844, in Southport, Wis. ; nursed and edu- cated by several teachers, but principally by the Ladies Advocate ; married in 1845, by the Territorial Legislature, to the statutes of Wisconsin (the wife died when the territory became a state) ; certified by Gov. Tallmadge ; settled and lived in Town Sixteen, llange Fourteen, which it named Ceresco, in honor of Ceres, a corn- goddess, of which it was a worshipper; grew and flourished, and controlled the town for several years, until it " took sick," first of chills and fever, and finally of severe fever, which weak- ened its vital powers, until in 1850 it died, quietly and resignedly, having reigned six years triumphantly, and put all enemies under its feet, by its justice and honor. Owned a large farm, which was divided among its children, greatly improving their estates, and leaving all but the Lone One better than it found them. Had been a great stock and grain grower, raising in one season as high as ten thousand bushels of wheat. Had one genius who did most of its preaching and law business, and others who attended to the sanitary department. Never used intoxicating drinks, nor allowed them on its farm. Never used profane lan- guage, nor allowed it, except by strangers. Never had a law' suit, nor legal counsel. Had little sickness, and no religious revi- vals. Never had a case of licentiousness, nor a complaint of immoral conduct. Lived a strictly moral, honest, upright, and virtuous life, and yet was hated, despised, abused, slandered, lied LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 127 about, and misrepresented, in all the country round about, mostly by preachers. Kept a school of its own all the time. Took five or six newspapers to each family. Stopped work on Sunday to accommodate the neighbors, and rung its bell for meetings But they danced without rum, or vulgarisms and profanity. They had aieetings without prayers, and babies without doctors. But it was prematurely born, and tried to live before its propei time, and, of course, must die and be born again. So it did, and here it lies. The charter was amended so as to allow a closing up of the affairs, and the books, papers, and business, placed in the hands of the Lone One ; and by him all deeds and legal papers were exe- cuted, and all the business settled and closed, leaving the books in the hands of the still living president of the dead Phalanx. The papers noticed its death, and some rejoiced, and some were sorry ; but many true friends mourned throughout the land, and none more than some of its heirs. But not the Lone One ; for he had seen the necessity for its death, and submitted to fate willingly. In the division and sale of the estate, he bought a portion of the fine large mansion, which had been erected, but not finished, and lots for a garden ; and again, with his own hand, soon had a better house than ever before, and a fine garden ; soon made up his loss, and was worth more than when he came to the domain, although he had expended much of the little sum he received for the old house in defending the system, by lectures and letters, etc. The burying-ground (six acres) and the bell still belong to the estate, and are to be heired by the last survivor of the domain. DIRGE OF THE PHALANX. WRITTEN IN CEBESCO, BUT NOT BY ONE OF ITS HEIRS. What spot shall I choose for my long, last home, When a wanderer on earth I shall cease to roam ? When the angel of death shall come sweeping by, And his cold breath shall close my weary eye ? When above my heart lies the cold damp sod, And rny spirit returns to its maker, God ? 128 LIFE-LINE OF TIIE LONE ONE. ! say, shall I lie by the ocean's side, Where my grave will be surged by the briny tile? Where the sea-gull screams, and the wild waves roar As their fury breaks on the craggy shore? Say, is that the place where my form shall rest, AY hen the winding-sheet is upon my breast ? Or some drear spot in the church-yard share, Without e'en a flower above me there, Where alike are buried both friend and foe, When the arrow of death has laid them low? Not there, not there, would I wish to lie, In the cold, cold grave, when I come to die. But dig me a grave in the prairie land, Far away, far away, from the ocean sand, Where my friends may come, when their work is done, And sing o'er my grave at the set of sun The song whose music was wont to thrill My heart e'er the pulse of life was still. ! there is the place I would wish to lie, When the angel of death shall have sealed mine eye ; And my friends, should ever they chance to roam Near the spot I have chosen for my long home, Let them kneel by my grave and breathe a prayer For the friend who is sleeping in silence there. It had no soul to be saved. One more feeble effort at associa- tive advantages was made after the burial of the Phalanx, and dur- ing the settlement of the estate, by a few friends who joined the Lone One in the enterprise. A large and commodious store was erected, by shares, and the Protective Union plan adopted to sup- ply it; and thus an attempt made to purchase merchandise, and market the products of their labor, by agency, and save the enor- mous profits of merchants. This enterprise " started and run well for a season," but a fever of somewhat different character from that which proved fatal to the Phalanx seized its vitals, and it cost so much to pay the doctor, that its friends abandoned it, perhaps rather cruelly, but, as it seemed at the time, necessarily; LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 129 and of course it died, and was buried, and its estate settled itself; but the store stands on its foundation still, a fading monument of premature birth, much resembling good principles in bad company. Now all the reformers of Cercsco joined, and sang one song, and parted. The song was written by one N. Brown, some time, and somewhere, and ran as follows : " My heart is sick, my soul is pained within, To see this Babel-world so rent with strife ; To hear its heartless shouts, its Babel-din, As onward flow the feverish streams of life : There rush the worshippers of gold and pelf ; Here stand the human gods of pride and self. " Behold the struggle ! the mad, selfish rush For shining baubles or a beggar's crust ! In vain, divines, ye try the tides to hush, Though hearts are dead or bleeding in the dust : There kneels the nabob, drawling out a prayer; Here dies the o'er-worked victim in despair. " Like chaos-fragments strewn upon life's sea, And hastening onward to an uncarcd shore, Whirling and dashing ever as they flee, Leaping and crashing 'mid the storm-king's roar, Is the mad world of men. Wrecked is the world By self and sense, to very chaos hurled. " Gold, give me gold, though dimmed with orphan's tears ! Fame, give me fame, though bought with human gore I Away with heart and soul away with fears ! Gold, gold, though here 's the grave, yet give me more ! Shut up the book ; talk not of brotherhood ; Man lives for self, not for the common good. " For untold ages thus the world hath gone, By self and sense in broken fragments riven, Yet yearning still for a millennial dawn, When this same world should be a type of heaven. Talk not of heaven, or of a golden age, While social ills in ceaseless battles rage. 130 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. " Ten thousand temple-domes in grandeur rise Where priestdom learned expounds the ' word of life,' Where man is taught to live but for the skies, And leave to Satan this mad world of strife ; Where Sinai's flames assay the soul to awe, And creed is worshipped as the saving law ! " The human mind by threats of heavenly wrath Has long been chained within a narrow sphere ; Like a poor blind man groping for the path, Yet fearing still that pitfalls opened near. Thus man, alas, choosing a moral night, Lest reason lead him from the creed's dim light. " The world is rich in musty lore and creeds In mysticism, and in temple show In spirit-chains ; but poor in brother deeds To the great brotherhood of man below. The central truth designed the world to save Is crushed by self to a dishonored grave ! " This was the last, and these the only, experiments ever made by the Lone One at associative or cooperative life; and these the only societies, public or private, to which he ever belonged ; and they died so young they did not destroy his heirship to the name of Lone One. SECTION II. POLITICS AND THE POLITICIAN. We must now turn back to '47, and fetch up the lagging stream in this current of life-history. Wisconsin Territory began to scold about her rights, and demanded larger hoops for her skirt, and larger dresses for her form ; and, after considerable fretting, finally proved, by the number of her soles (not years), that she was old enough to leave the nursery, and be her own mistress. Uncle Sam was glad to get rid of the troublesome flirt, if she would cease squalling for wider skirts on the Illinois and Michigan sides, and, with that restriction, gave her permission to run at large, and dress herself. LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 131 The " unterrified democracy," who are always on the alert when offices are to be filled, sounded the tocsin, and called their local conventions, to double up in counties, and organize for action. The Lone One was born nothing, and almost nowhere ; but he was educated into democracy, and heard the sound. He called the roll for democrats in the Phalanx ; but a majority, including wom- en, were whigs or nothing. However, there were enough demo- crats to hold a meeting, and send him to the county session, where a ticket for the campaign was to be put up, and those elected over the territory, to the number of about one hundred and twenty-five, were to assemble, and adopt a constitution, and submit it to the voters for acceptance. The whigs were not much later in action, and equally efficient ; and, although less numerous in the territory, they were not less zealous. But Ceresco had no ambitious whig, and took no part in the caucus. Notwithstanding the strong prej- udice against the Fourierites and the Phalanx, still the Lone One received the nomination as one of the three to represent Fond-du-lac county in the constitutional convention. The other two and their friends were, however, greatly concerned lest they should be de- feated by his connection with the unpopular society. The day of election came, and the whigs of the Phalanx had resolved to nip the ambition of the aspiring democrat in the bud, and labored hard to prove it was not best fur him to be elected, and did suc- ceed in leaving him one or two votes behind his colleagues in the town. But in the county he was, to the surprise of all, so far ahead as to be the only one elected on the ticket ; and, with the two whigs from the other ticket, he went to the capital at the time appointed, to make his debut as a political actor on the stage, and inside the circle. The convention was a motley group, called from city and town, from prairie and grove, from forest and " deep-tan- gled wild-wood ; " fat and lean, short and tall, bright and dull, keen and stupid, democrats and whigs, and some who could only register when they saw which was strongest and that did not take long, for democracy was greatly in the ascendant. Some half a dozen saucy lawyers expected, and determined, to rule the convention. 132 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. and make all the noise for their own glory. But they soon found some material that was not so easily whipped down, and among the most " unruly members " was the saucy tongue of that Fou- rierite, which he soon learned to use as freely and sarcastically as the best of them. But, as he ever used it to defend the weak, and those who needed defence against the arrogance and abuse of impudent demagogues, he of course made friends of such, and even commanded the respect of those who did not love him. The capital was situated on a beautiful eminence between two lakes, at a place called Madison. The building was erected and enclosed with ten acres of the land, purchased of those who never ownod it, by Uncle Sam, and of course given, as an outfit, to the daughter when she married the Union. A greater variety of " odd sticks " was probably never assembled since the " Council of Nice " than was now in session at this capital, to make a constitution for a still greater variety of people. The white-haired sage and beardless boy, the thinking sceptic and superstitious fanatic, the sober conservative and the fiery radical, the hunker wheel-horse and the prancing progressionist, those who pray and those who swear, those who preach and those who sleep, speculators and honest men, knaves and fools, " all mingle, mingle, while you mingle may." It was a long session, and made great noise ; but, like the " mountain in labor" " a mouse was born." As the Lone One was a leader of the progressionists, and had much influence in securing such features in the instrument as rendered it too radical for the people, and partly caused its defeat, and as this was the first chance he had to record his political views on public records, it is proper to notice some of the leading principles he ad- vanced and defended. His first blow was aimed at capital pun- ishment. It met a good reception in the convention, and might have succeeded, but for the alarm raised by several lawyers and preachers, and the awakened Christians, who " would have sacrifice, and not mercy ; " and they voted him down as a matter of expe- diency. But he labelled them with somebody's poem. LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 133 " How is it, when you doom to death Some victim for his crimes, Accounting him not fit to live, You still allow him time To make his peace with God for what Yourselves will not forgive ; Presuming him, when fit to die, As not yet fit to live? " Now, though he be not fit to live, Is he prepared to die Sent strangled from this world of woe Before his God on high ? You send unto his darkened soul Repentance and the priest, And when reduced to penitence You hang him like a beast. " How can you know just how much time Your victim should be given For such repentance as shall send His spirit pure to heaven ? Supporters of the bloody code, I pause for a reply : How is it, if unfit to live, A man is fit to die? " His next attack was upon the qualification of voters ; and he exposed the ridiculous position of those persons, or laws, which make color, or sex, a qualification to vote, or even age, and de- manded an intellectual standard, or a taxation standard. Some were amused, and some horrified, at the proposition to let women and " niggers " vote ; and almost all voted against the women, and all but fourteen against striking out color as a test ; by which he saw the men would sooner let the negroes have their rights than the women, and he was confirmed in what he before believed, that the slavery of women was deeper, and more lasting, than that of negroes in the hearts and prejudices of the people, and even often approved and sustained by woman herself. How can she expect the " lords of creation " to give her her rights, when she does not 12 134 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. ask for them ? But he recorded his vote for the right, even if alone, and left it to await the "good time coming; " for well he knew all these principles must triumph, if the race continued to progress. Next came the right of married women to hold and control real estate. On this they had a great contest, but it suc- ceeded, and was incorporated in the instrument, and was one of the principal features that caused its defeat, although the agitation brought the public mind up to it, and it became one of the early and permanent statutes of the state, and remains there " to this day." Next came his firm and uncompromising opposition to land monopoly, and in favor of limitation of titles to occupancy. But this was a vain effort ; for the supreme law of the nation, to which, in that day, the people knew no " higher law," was in the way, and they could not disturb the absolute power of the govern- ment to give titles to the lands it had obtained of the Indians, who only borrowed it of God, and had no right to sell it. These principles could only find an expression in a limitation of leases, to prevent what will probably never again occur, the " anti-rent troubles " of the Rensellaer estates. He next planted himself against all military shows and parades, and endeavored to crowd the whole system out of use. But several old fogies were there who had no other honor, and could not afford to lose rank, and title, and honor, and they voted him down. He was a democrat of the Jackson school on " banks and banking," and took the hard-money side with the hardest of the hards ; and thus aided in adding this fatal dead weight to the in- strument. He next planted himself against all laws for the col- lection of debts, and would have swept away the whole system of civil policy on this subject. It was not difficult to prove that the cost of collection was greater than the amount collected, in every state, and almost every county, of the nation, and that it would be better to tax the people with the debts than with the cost of collection. There was in the territory an old, thick-skulled hunker judge, Miller, who holds to this day a post of profit (but not honor to him), who was for some years greatly alarmed at thia LIFE-LINK OF THE LONE ONE. 135 heresy and prospective innovation, and tried to make others, if not himself, believe it was unconstitutional. Whether he was so blind he did not see, as the simplest reasoner would, that if the state repealed its collecting laws, and enacted none, they would not be unconstitutional, is more than we can say of him. But more than this record proves that he was very much wanting in judgment and perception, although he had much dignity, and a " little learning," which Pope said was a " dangerous thing." Of course this measure could not succeed in this convention, and the Lone One did not expect it to ; but he wished to agitate the subject, and give promise of the future. There were many able advocates of this measure in the state, and among the early ones his old friend, who so safely held the titles, and so readily surrendered them. These were not all, but some, of the principal radicalisms and wild vagaries that gave the Lone One notoriety in his first public mission. He was ever found in his place, and always had a word to say for every proposed extension of freedom and rights to all, and ever went for the largest liberty and broadest platform. He had already become quite an extensive writer ; and during this session he often pictured for the press the scenes and persons, and gave many comic, and some ludicrous, descriptions of the prominent actors, the effects of which were felt long after, and proved it true that " A chiel 's amang ye takin' notes, an' faith he '11 prent 'em." Like all long things, this convention had its last as well as first end ; and all returned to their homes, some to deny and oppose their work, and some to support it, and the Lone One of the latter class ; and both tongue and pen were occupied in its defence ; but it was no go. The voters laid it out, and the terri- torial session assembled, and called another convention, of about seventy members, to prepare another. Most of the old members were sluin in the conflict, and did not appear again at the capital for some years. The Lone One was returned by his county as one of the two delegates, by a large and greatly increased majority over the other election, and met there five only five of the first delegation. He soon found this a more conservative, but far 136 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. more practical, body, and one in which he could exert more influ- ence, and on which he could place more reliance, than the first. He felt much more at home in this body than in the other ; but he had learned, by the result of the last election, the true position of the people, and knew about what they would bear of reforms and radical measures, and was not inclined to crowd reform measures before the people were ripe for them, nor to insert in a constitution what belonged exclusively to the statutes of a state. He soon found his place, as the journal shows ; the most active member of the convention ; in his seat every hour of the session ; voting on every question. This time he succeeded in leaving out the mili- tary code, and all militia laws. He secured the civil rights of all persons as jurors and witnesses, whatever their views of God or religion, and found many good friends to cooperate with him in such sanitary provisions. They also inserted a provision designed especially to prevent the legislature from employing chaplains, and other useless appendages to its sessions ; but the provision is dis regarded. Capital punishment, homestead exemption, rights of married women, collecting laws, and usury laws, &c., were all left for the legislature to tamper with as the people would bear or demand. The banking question, of which the Lone One was chairman, was the worst and most difficult of all, after such a hard defeat of the hards ; and still the return of democrats showed the politics had not changed. The subject was at last adjusted somewhere between two extremes, and the short and business-like session adjourned. Is it strange, reader ? when the Lone One returned to the tenement in the long home, from this convention, he found another boy had been added to the family, not one of those returned who had gone away, but a new one ; came from God, the pious old women said ; but he thought it came from its parents. Either way, it was a pretty child, and they concluded to keep it. The elder sister and her two boys drifted slowly over the way to her eastern friends ; and neither she nor others knew his regret at his inability to assist and even support her ; but he was poor yet, for LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 137 his expenses were exceeding his receipts each year, while the quiet laborers on the domain were gaining fast under his system of pol- icy, with which he was satisfied. " But how are the honors iu these two games of politics ? " asked a friend. " Are you any- thing by honors ? " " Yes," he replied ; " I am two by honors, and nothing by tricks." " Then you do not play your hand well; better take me for a partner." "No, never! I shall pad- dle tny own canoe in every storm, and sink or swim, as fate will have it." " Go your own way, then ; I shall oppose you." This came from the colleague in the last convention who lived in the liquor-end of the county, and wished to attend to the drinkers, and get the Lone One to aid him with his temperance friends ; and thus they could win by tricks in selfish games of political chess. But he was the Lone One in this, as in all else ; never entered a league, nor joined any society but the Phalanx, and that promised now to be sufficient as a school of experience. The friends were glad to see him home, for they had many tangles to be straightened out as he each time returned ; and some did work up a prejudice against him, because he possessed, and yielded to, ambition in political life. But it was a school in which it became necessary for him to graduate for future usefulness, although he did not then know it. Who make politics a trade, and struggle for the spoils, Had better take to spades, and shuffle in the soil. Ye worker in the soil, tell me, if you can, where is the happy man ? Statesman, politician, merchant, lawyer, doctor, preacher, Christian, pagan, heathen, tell me, if you can, where is the happy man ? " Not I ! not I ! " cries each and all ; but Pope replies, " Man never is, but always to be blessed." Heaven is in the future, happiness in the distance, and we are going to it, certainly. " Hope springs immortal in the buman breast." A little longer, and yet a little longer. The work of the second convention was readily accepted by the 12* 138 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. people, although many thought the first constitution the better of the two ; but there were too many impatient office-seekers to longer delay in starting the machinery of state. Provision was soon made for an election, and the conventions assembled to set up the candidates, to be shot at by friend and foe, one shooting to kill, and the other to save, the mark. The pen of the Lone One had start- ed, not soon to stop ; and he had already become a scribe of some note, both far from, and near to, home ; and his articles (not al- ways over his own name) were often trite with satire, or keen with acumen, or graphic in description, or prophetic for politicians, and often had a marked and wide effect where the author was unknown. The friends of the Lone One, after a long and hard contest, at length secured his nomination for the state Senate, for the district comprising Fond-du-lac and Winnebago counties, to which fell a full term of two years ; and at the canvass, again, to the surprise of friends and foes, he was elected with an aggregate majority of two hundred against his ticket in the district, and three Assembly- men of the opposite party in the other branch, and every effort of his former democratic colleague made in secret to defeat him. But the Germans had caused the result, for they knew he was the friend of human, and of equal, rights ; and some of his letters, without his knowledge, had been translated, and circulated among them, and caused the result. This proved to be his graduating class; for after this all other degrees were merely honorary. When the roll was called, the Lone One was in his place in the Senate of law-makers for the new state, better prepared than ever before for public or private duties. For, some time before this, he had quit the filthy habit of smoking, had abandoned forever the use of swine's fle.^h, and, at that time, even all meats ; and tea and coffee, and other mixtures, were forbidden drinks. His gran- ulated eyelids, which had annoyed him for ten years, soon recov- ered their healthy condition ; his mind was calm ; and his excita- ble, passional nature was quiet as a calm sea in a still atmosphere. Thus he was prepared for duty. Other causes than political ones had induced these changes, which will be given in due time. LIFE-LINE OP THE LONE ONE. 139 At the assembling of the session, he met an old and intimate friend, whose political, religious, and social opinions corre- sponded with his own ; and for the two sessions they occupied the same desk, and became the " David and Jonathan " of the Senate, usually, but not always, voting on the same side of ques- tions. Among the first permanent laws secured was a homestead exemption, without a pecuniary limitation ; thus securing a great principle, for which they had both been early advocates. The darling object of the Lone One, to repeal the usury laws, and let money seek its own market and value, like any other commodity, passed the Senate, but was lost in the House ; but, at the next ses- sion, passed both, and remained the law two or three years, when the speculators again triumphed, and set up the usury " statute of limitations," as a screen for rogues, which was all it ever was in any state, allowing them to take transfers of property, to avoid the law. Of course the repeal of the collecting laws was intro- duced ; but the. lawyers dare not submit the question to the peo- ple, lest it should succeed, and the collecting business find an end. The death penalty could not be removed at this term ; but, after three or four years' fight with the religious bigots who defended it, it was at last removed, and the state came up where she ought to have been before. The rights of married women to hold property, real and personal, were soon and early secured ; and thus that prin- ciple, at first so odious, was secured, and the state not ruined by its adoption. Senators to Congress were elected, and pledged to " Land Reform ; " and strong resolutions, drawn by the Lone One, were passed in favor of " free soil," in its true sense. Commis- sioners to revise the statutes were selected; and, by extraordinary effort, David and Jonathan secured the election of the Southport friend, who held the titles for the Phalanx, as one of them ; for he was a good man and true, as well as capable. Some old laws were repealed, and some new ones enacted ; and soon the business of the first, the summer session was closed. The commissioners commenced their labor, and the members returned home to attend to elections, etc. Many questions and 140 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. points of controversy arose in these sessions, in which it would be interesting to the politician to see the course and vote of this sin- gular person ; but, as our Line is for all sorts of readers, we must be brief in these sketches, for there is a longer line of another quality to follow. We must, however, say, he was ever true to the principles which had governed him through life, of equal rights, without distinction of sex or color, to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Some one asked him how he could take the oath ; to which he replied, that he never did take an oath, and never should, but entered upon his duties as an officer, or juror, or witness, with an affirmation of the simplest nature allowed by law; and he did endeavor to dispense with all forms of oath in tho state, and let the penalties attach to the falsehood or default, as they ever should. He sustained the constitution against the chaplains; but the profane and dissipated members, who needed some support, always succeeded in giving them a chance in, by the aid of a few honestly pious ones, who felt it a religious duty. During this session the little daughter came very, very near a change of spheres, by a lung fever; and but for the magnetism of her physician, rather than his medicine, no doubt would have crossed tho line. The pale babe, too, had its sick time, and the feeble mother had "heaps" of trouble and trial almost enough to kill a well woman ; but she lived, and so did the children, for God had con- cluded not to take away any more of them, and had also resolve,! not to send any more to that house. Soon after his return, the tangles of the Phalanx, and the fam- ily, were picked out, and some progress made in straightening the political tangles of the county and state. But these were too extensive for one mind to arrange, although the poet hath said, " The steady Greeks old I Hi urn won ; By trial all things may be done " And another, that " A man's best things are nearest him, Lie close about his feet ; LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 141 It is the distant and the dim That we are sick to meet." In 1848 the national campaign called all the voters to the defence of their respective candidates, and Lewis Cass was placed before the democrats. But the positions he occupied on some questions of policy were widely at variance with those advocated by the Lone One or his senator-friend, and they both rebelled against authority, and refused to support him ; and both took bold and open ground against his election, covering their retreat from the democratic nomination by the Buffalo platform, and the support of the foxy Van Buren, who was really not as good a man at heart (as subsequent events proved) as even Cass; but it was principles, not men, they claimed. This closed a door which was already open for the Lone One to pass to Congress. And no doubt luckily for him ; for it was well for his spiritual development that his political ambition was cut short at the end of this time. For : Our feelings and our thoughts Tend ever on, and rest not in the present." " In the human heart Two master-passions cannot coexist." The second session, which followed close on the heels of the first, was a very important session to the future welfare of the young state ; for the whole code of its laws was remodelled by it, principally by introductions from the commissioners. The legal ability displayed by the Lone One in the first session gave him in the second a place on the judiciary committee of three, which, in this revising session, was constantly taxed with complicated and vexing questions ; but the benefit of his rigid system of diet his cool head and devoted heart were of great use to him and his colleagues, both of the committee and the Senate. By his special care and effort the divorce laws were greatly changed from the report of the commissioners, and nearly as he wished them, but not quite ; for he wished all cases arising under them entirely at 142 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. the discretion of the court, whether presented by one or both o< the parties in contract. An observation of the civil contract which we call marriage, in its practical workings, had convinced him that it should be subject to general, and not special, laws regulat- ing civil contracts, and treated and controlled as other contracts between contracting parties. But the facts are, that the law has never recognized woman as capable of doing a legal business of binding or unbinding herself; and hence the special laws of mar- riage and divorce in all countries where they have laws and mar- riages. Of course we must trot in the beaten path where our fathers trotted, however rough and crooked the way ! At this session he early secured the repeal of the usury laws, and several other obstructions to prosperity ; and it was generally admitted throughout the state that no member in the Senate did more business or had more influence than the Fourierite. But his most intimate friend, and almost always co-worker for reforms, was not wanting in effort, capacity, or devotion. The schools and university of the state were set in motion, and, in fact, all the important machinery of a new state had to be put in place and motion by these two sessions ; and all persons who studied the condition and prospects of Wisconsin admitted the liberality and advanced condition of her constitution and laws, much of which was really the effect of action and influence exerted by the Lone One and his brother. During these four sessions which he had spent at the capitol he never drank even a single glass of any kind of liquor at a bar or counter, except lemonade or soda, nor met with a single dinner or supper party, except at ordinary meals ; attended no balls, dances, or night meetings of any kind, and joined no riding or skating parties ; but was always steady, constant, atten- tive to business, and ever in his place in session, or at his quiet and retired private boarding-house when out of session, or walking with his friend the senator from Southport. Among other labors of the session, he wrote and published a personal, mental, physical, political, present and prospective description of each senator and state officer. These likenesses ought to have been hung in the cap- LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. 143 itol, with the frame that contained their faces. His style and expres- sion betrayed him as the author, and some were offended at the bold- ness with which he told the truth about them. But fretting would only serve to prove him correct, for he knew them well, having examined most of their heads ; and, being well read in phrenology, physiology, and psychology, and fully posted in politics, he had advantages that no other possessed in that body, and he used them when he chose to do so. One thing puzzled them all (except the brother), and that was, who wrote the description of the writer. They thought it was too severe to be his own hand. But this only proved that they did not know him as he did them. This was the graduating term of the Lone One. All his offices after this term were professorships. He certainly graduated with honors, for no man in the state was more popular with the people ; and had he not left the great democratic party, which alone had power to bestow offices for the state, he could have received any office in the state. And even with his change to the new and weak party, he would soon have risen to place and power, had he not abandoned the field of political labor. But he had seen enough of political intrigues, traffic, toil, and tricks, and was fully resolved to leave the arena to gladiators. His labors closed at the capitol, and the affairs at home once more arranged, the preju- diced members of the Phalanx guessed he would stay at home now, as he belonged to a party that could not elect him to office. In '49 he attended the conventions of the " Free-Soil " party ever the champion of Land Reform especially ; and, in the cam- paign of that fall, he received the nomination of his party for governor, and its vote, which brought him the vote of two large counties in the south part of the state, B,acine and Wallworth, and gave him more than both his opponents in his own town, and left him, at the canvass, at the head of his ticket, in numbers aa well as position. But this was honor minus profits and duties. At the assembling of the session for '50, a necessary alteration in the charter of the Phalanx, to enable them to close their affairs, and settle their own estate, brought him again to the capitol, 144 LIFE-LINE OF THE LONE ONE. when the farce of the lobby, so long kept up, of choosing a sove- reign governor, called him to the place, and gave him a chance to deliver a satirical message, which took the veil off some persons and events, and pointed like a significant hand for some politi- cians a way to oblivion, or " salt river." Some idea of the effect may be gained from the fact that a neighbor, to whom he gave the manuscript, sold in three days copies, in pamphlet, to the amount of one hundred dollars, in the capitol. He soon secured the amendment to his charter, and returned home ; for he could never be found long where he had no business, and his business was now in settling the estate of the Phalanx. He prepared a new and greatly abbreviated form of blank deed for his use, and, as notary public, used them as long as he remained a citizen of Ceresco. In '51 he was again called to the capital to defend the name of the town against the proposed change to Ripon, which Captain Mapes and others attempted, who had now started a whiskey, beer, and tobacco village on the hill, and secured the services of a pettifogger from one corner of the town to get up law-suits. But the Lone One was chairman of the town board, and had most of the town officers on the side of Ceresco for a name. They of course prevented the change at that time, and for several years after. But the Hipon village was very much opposed to its more steady and sober neighbor in the valley, and kept up a constant strife, until the speculating Ripon at last outgrew and conquered its rival. But this was not till after the Lone One had ceased to make any efforts to sustain the valley home, and begun to look out a home elsewhere for his family. One more game, and we end this line of history, which does not connect well with the first or last chapter of the narrative. Fifty-two came. Again the national tocsin sound, To arms, ye politicians! ;m