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 UC-NRLF 
 
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 'ATI 
 
 JBLIC SCHOOL LAWS 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. 
 
 GIKT OF" 
 
 & 
 
 
 Received , igo 
 
 Accession No. 82741 . Class No. 
 
STATE OF LOUISIANA. 
 Department of Kdu.ca.tion. 
 
 PUBLIC SCHOOL LAWS^ 
 
 CODIFIED BY ORDER OF THE 
 
 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
 
 EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY 
 
 THE STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION, 
 
 BATON ROUGE: 
 
 THE ADVOCATE, OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE STATK OF LOUISIANA. 
 
 1894. 
 
3STOTE. 
 
 This book is public property, and is prepared for the use of 
 school officers and teachers. 
 
IKTT.-ROIDIJCTOK.lir, 
 
 A resolution by the State Board of Education, directing the 
 preparation of this edition of the SCHOOL LAW, makes the work 
 authoritative as a guide for school officers. For this reason it is 
 deemed unnecessary to encumber the book with specific refer- 
 ences to the sources from which it was compiled, such references 
 appearing only in the preceding summary or syllabus of each 
 general division of contents. The compiler sought to arrange 
 the matter for the convenience of school officers, without regard 
 to the order in which it is printed in legislative documents. 
 
 It is believed that this compilation contains all the consti- 
 tutional and statutory provisions governing the school system of 
 the State. It embraces general provisions relating to the public 
 schools and the requirements for officers, many enactments pro- 
 viding a revenue, the lands appropriated for the use of public 
 schools, and State educational institutions. Only the provisions 
 lor current revenue, acts of a local character, and repealing 
 clauses have been omitted. 
 
 In the appendices may be found extracts from the decisions 
 of the Supreme Court of Louisiana and regulations adopted by 
 the State Board of Education, 
 
 . The compiler has added a few annotations where experience 
 has taught him to anticipate difficulties in construction. 
 
 A. D. LAFARGUE, 
 State Superintendent of Public Education* 
 
 82741 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 (ADOPTED IN 1879.) 
 
 ART. 51. [Prohibiting State Aid to Sectarian Institutions.] 
 No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury, directly 
 or indirectly, in aid of any church, sect or denomination ot 
 religion, or in aid of any priest, preacher, minister or teacher 
 thereof, as such ; and no preference shall ever be given to, nor 
 any distinction made against any church, sect or creed of relig- 
 ion, or any form of religious faith or worship; nor shall any 
 appropriations be made for charitable or benevolent purposes to 
 any person or community ; provided, this shall not apply to the 
 State Asylums for the insane, and deaf, dumb and blind, and the 
 charity hospitals and public charitable institutions conducted 
 under State authority. 
 
 ART. 207. [Exemption of Educational Institutions from Tax- 
 ation.] The following property shall be exempt from taxation, 
 and no- other, viz : All public property, places of religious 
 worship or burial, all charitable institutions, all buildings and 
 property used exclusively for colleges, or other school purposes, 
 the real and personal estate of any public library and that of 
 any other literary association, used by or connected with such 
 library; all books and philosophical apparatus, and all paintings 
 and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall; 
 provided, the property so exempted^ be not used or leased for 
 purpose of private or corporate profit or income. There shall 
 also be exempt from taxation household property to the value of 
 five hundred dollars; there shall also be exempt from taxation 
 and license for a period of twenty years from the adoption of 
 the Constitution of 1879, the capital, machinery and other prop- 
 erty employed in the manufacture of textile fabrics, leather, 
 shoes, harness, saddlery, hats, flour, machinery, agricultural 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 5 
 
 implements, manufacture of ice, fertilizers and chemicals, and 
 furniture and other articles of wood, marble, or stone, soap, 
 stationery, ink and paper, boat building and chocolate; provided, 
 that not less than five hands are employed in any one factory. 
 
 ART. 208. [Poll Tax.] The General Assembly shall levy an 
 annual poll-tax for the maintainauce of public schools, upon 
 every male inhabitant in the State, over the age of twenty-one 
 years, which shall never be less than one dollar, nor exceed one 
 dollar and a half per capita, and the General Assembly shall 
 pass la^s to enforce payment of said tax. * * * * 
 
 ART. 224. [State School Tax.] There shall be free public 
 schools established by the General Assembly throughout the State, 
 for the education of all the children of the State between the ages 
 of six and eighteen years ; and the General Assembly shall pro- 
 vide for their establishment, maiutainance and support, by tax- 
 ation or otherwise, and all moneys so raised, except the poll tax, 
 shall be distributed to each parish in proportion to the number 
 of children between the ages of six and eighteen years. 
 
 ART. 225. [State and Parish Superintendents.] There shall 
 be elected by the qualified voters of the State, a Superintendent 
 of Public Education, who shall hold his office for the term of 
 four years, and until his successor is qualified. His duties shall 
 be prescribed by law, and he shall receive an annual salary of 
 two thousand dollars. 
 
 The aggregate annual expenses of his office, including his 
 salary, shall not exceed the sum of three thousand dollars. The 
 General Assembly shall provide for the appointment of parish 
 boards of public education for the different parishes. 
 
 The parish boards may appoint a parish superintendent of 
 public schools in their respective parishes, who shall be ex-officio 
 secretary of the parish board, and whose salary for his double 
 functions shall not exceed two hundred dollars annually, except 
 that in the parish of Orleans the salary of the parish superin- 
 tendent shall be fixed by the General Assembly, to be paid out 
 of the public school funds according to each parish respectively. 
 
6 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 ART. 226. [Instruction in^the French Language.] The gen- 
 eral exercises in the public schools shall be conducted in the 
 English language, and the elementary branches taught therein-; 
 provided, that these elementary branches may be also taught in 
 the French language in those parishes in the State, or localities 
 in said parish, where the French language predominates, if no 
 additional expense is incurred thereby. 
 
 ART. 227. [Poll Tax Applicable Exclusively to the Parish from 
 which it is Collected.] The funds derived from the collection of 
 the poll-tax shall be applied exclusively to the maintenance of 
 the public schools as organized under this constitution, and shall 
 be applied exclusively to the support of the public schools in the 
 parish in which the same shall be collected, and shall be ac- 
 counted for and paid by the collecting officers directly to the 
 competent school authorities of each parish. 
 
 SEC. 228. [Sectarian Schools Cannot Receive Public School 
 Funds.] No funds raised for the support of the public schools 
 shall be appropriated for or used for the support of any secta- 
 rian schools. 
 
 ART. 229. [School Funds Of What They Shall Consist.] The 
 school funds of this State shall consist of: 
 
 1. The proceeds of taxation for school purposes, as pro- 
 vided in the constitution. 
 
 2. ThB interest on the proceeds of all public lands hereto- 
 fore granted by the United States for the use and support of the 
 public schools. 
 
 3. Of all lands and other property which may hereafter be 
 bequeathed, granted or donated to the State, or generally for 
 school purposes. 
 
 4. All funds or property, other than unimproved lands, 
 bequeathed or granted to the State, not designated for other 
 purposes. 
 
 5. The proceeds of vacant estates falling under the law to 
 the State of Louisiana. 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 7 
 
 The legislature may appropriate to the same fund the pro- 
 ceeds, in whole or in part, of public lands not designated for any 
 other purposes, and shall provide that every parish may levy a 
 tax for the public schools therein, which shall not exceed the 
 State tax ; provided, that with such tax the whole amount of 
 parish taxes shall not exceed the limits of parish taxation fixed 
 by this constitution. 
 
 ART. 230. [State University.] The University of Louisiana, 
 as at present established and located at .New Orleans, is hereby 
 recognized in its three departments to- wit: the law, the medical 
 and the agricultural departments to be governed and controlled 
 by appropriate faculties. The General Assembly shall, from 
 time to time, make such provision for the proper government, 
 maintenance and support of said State University of Louisiana, 
 and all the departments thereof, as the public necessity and well- 
 being of the people of the State of Louisiana may require, not to 
 exceed ten thousand dollars annually. 
 
 The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Me- 
 chanical College, now established and located in the city of 
 Baton Rouge, is hereby recognized, and all revenues derived and 
 to be derived from the sales of land or land scrip, donated *by the 
 United States to the State of Louisiana for the use of seminary 
 of learning, and mechanical and agricultural college, shall be 
 appropriated exclusively to the maintenance and support of said 
 University and Mechanical and Agricultural College, and the 
 General Assembly shall from time to time make such additional 
 appropriations for the maintenance and support of said Louisiana 
 State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College as 
 the public necessities and the well-being of the people of the 
 State of Louisiana may require, not to exceed ten thousand 
 dollars annually. 
 
 ART. 231. [Colored University.] The General Assembly 
 shall also establish in the city of New Orleans a University for 
 the education of persons of color, provide for its proper govern- 
 ment, and shall make an annual appropriation of not less than 
 
8- CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 five thousand dollars, nor more than ten thousand dollars for its 
 maintenance and support. 
 
 ART. 232. [Women Eligible to School Offices.] Women over 
 twenty-one years of age shall be eligible to any office of control 
 or management under the school laws of this State. 
 
 ART. 233. [Free School Fund, Seminary Fund, and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College Fund.] The debt due by the State to 
 the free school fund is hereby declared to be the sum of one 
 million, one hundred and thirty thousand, eight hundred and 
 sixty-seven 51-100 dollars in principal, and shall be placed 
 on the books of the Auditcr to the credit of the several 
 townships entitled to the same 5 the said principal being the 
 proceeds of the sales of laud heretofore granted by the United 
 States for the use and support of iree public schools, which 
 amount shall be held by the State as a loan, and shall be held 
 and remain a perpetual fund, on which the State shall pay an 
 annual interest of four per cent, from the first day of January, 
 1880, and that said interest shall be paid on the several town- 
 ships in the State, entitled to the same in accordance with the 
 act of Congress, ]S'o. 08, approved February 5, 1843; and the 
 bonds of the State heretofore issued belonging to said fund, and 
 sold under the act of the General Assembly, No. 81, of 1872, are 
 hereby declared null and void, and the General Assembly shall 
 make no provision for their payment, and may cause them to be 
 destroyed. 
 
 The debt due by the State to the Seminary fund is hereby 
 declared to be one hundred and thirty -six thousand dollars, 
 being the proceeds of the sales of the laud heretofore granted by 
 the United States to the State, for the use of a Seminary of 
 Learning, and said amount shall be placed to the credit of said 
 fund on the books of the Auditor of the State, as a perpetual 
 loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest of four per cent 
 on said amount from January 1st, 1880, for the use of said Semi- 
 nary of Learning; and the consolidated bonds of the State now 
 held for the use of said fund shall be null and void after the first 
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 day of January, 1880, and the General Assembly shall never 
 make any provision for their payment, and they shall be destroyed 
 in such manner as the General Assembly may direct. 
 
 The debt due by the State to the Agricultural and Mechan- 
 ical College fund, is hereby declared to be the sum of one hundred 
 and eighty-two thousand, three hundred and thirteen 3-100 dol- 
 lars, being the proceeds of the sales of lands and land scrip 
 heretofore granted by the United States to this State, for the 
 use of a College for the benefit of agriculture and mechanic arts ; 
 said amounts shall be placed .to the credit of said fund on the 
 books of the Auditor and Treasurer^of the State, as a perpetual 
 loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest of five per cent 
 on said amount from .January 1st, 1880, for the use of said Agri- 
 cultural an I Mechanical College. The consolidated bonds of the 
 State now held by the State for the use of said fund, shall be 
 null and void after the first* day of January, 1880, and the Gen- 
 eral Assembly shall not make any provision for their payment, 
 and they shall be destroyed in such manner as the General 
 Assembly may direct. 
 
 The interest provided for by this article shall be paid out of 
 any tax that may be levied and collected for the general pur- 
 poses of public education. 
 
 I. GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 1. IS. I, A, 81, 1888.] State Board 
 
 of Education ; of whom com- 
 posed and how appointed; a 
 body corporate ; compensation. 
 
 2. IS. 2, A. 81, 1888.] Regular and 
 
 called meetings. 
 
 3. [S. 4, A. 81, 1888.] May require 
 
 additional reports to be made 
 by the parish superintendent. 
 
 4. [S. 3, A. 81, 1888.] Appoints par- 
 
 ish school directors; prepares 
 rules for the government of the 
 schools ; adopts text-books. 
 
 5. IS. 1, A. 57, 1892.] Women are 
 
 eligible to school offices. 
 
 6. [_S. 1, A, 29 ; 1892.] Parish offi- 
 
 cers ; term of office ; how vacan- 
 cies shall be rilled ; oath of 
 office. 
 
 7. [Same.] Removal for neglect of 
 
 duty. 
 
 8. IS. 6, A. 81, 1888.] Parish boards 
 
 bodies corporate. 
 
 9. IS. 2, A. 70, 1882.] Evidences of 
 
 debt are non-negotiable. 
 
 10. [S. 4, A 82, 1873.] State and 
 parish boards cannot be com- 
 pelled to give bond and secu- 
 rity in suits. 
 
10 
 
 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Continued. 
 
 11. IS. 7, A. 122, 1874.] Attorneys 
 
 may be appointed to protect 
 school interests. 
 
 12. IS. 9, A. 81, 1888.] Attorney of 
 
 the parish boards. 
 
 13. IS. 7, A. 81, 1888.] Parish school 
 
 boards; officers and auxiliary 
 visiting trustees; must report 
 all deficiences in the schools 
 or neglect of duty to the State 
 Board of Education ; apportion 
 the school fund, determine 
 number and location of schools 
 to be established, number of 
 teachers to be employed and 
 salaries; make rules for their 
 own government; date of meet- 
 ings ; compensation ; must ex- 
 ercise vigilance in securing all 
 funds due; may receive land 
 grants and provide for the 
 erection of school houses ; fur- 
 niture, apparatus, contracts ; 
 change of school location. 
 
 14. IS. 73, A. 81, 1888 ] Restrictions 
 
 on contracts and debts 
 
 15. [_S. 15, A. 81, 1888.] President of 
 
 the parish board: presides atj 
 . meetings of the board; calls 
 special meetings; assists the 
 parish superintendent, and 
 signs contracts. Secretary: 
 keeps a record of the board's 
 proceedings. 
 
 16. \_S. 1, A. 36, 1894.] Reports to be 
 
 made by certain officers to the 
 
 State Auditor. 
 
 17. [S. 2, A. 36, 1894.] Reports to 
 
 clerk of court. 
 
 18. [S. 3, A. 36, 1894.] Salary not to 
 
 be paid until the two foregoing 
 sections aie complied with. 
 
 19. IS. 1298, R. S. 1869.] Power of 
 
 the school boards with refer- 
 ence to expropriations. 
 
 20. \_S. 1299, R. S. 1869.] Institution 
 
 of suit upon dissatisfaction at 
 assessments. 
 
 21. IS. 1300, R. S. 1869 ] Failure of 
 
 officers to perform duty im- 
 posed. 
 
 22. {_S 1305, R. S. 1869.] The sale 
 
 which can be made by the Reg- 
 * ister of the Land Office. 
 
 23. S. 1306, R. S. 1869.] How located. 
 
 24. [S. 1307, R. S. 1869.] Reserva- 
 
 tions of school lands. 
 
 25. [S. 1308, R. A'. 1869.] Scrips 
 
 should issue only when loca- 
 tions cannot be made. 
 
 26. IS. 2, A. 89, 1894. Exemptions 
 
 from jury duty. 
 
 27. S 11, A. 81, 1888.] -Division of 
 
 parishes into school districts. 
 
 28 [S. 12, A. 81, 1888.] School dis- 
 districts in two adjoining par- 
 ishes ; how laid oft'. 
 
 29. IS. 13, A. 81, 1888.] Option when 
 school districts adjoin as to 
 which school certain children 
 will attend. 
 
 SECTION 1. [State Board of Education.] The Governor and 
 the Superintendent of Public Education, and the Attorney Gen- 
 eral, together with six citizens to be appointed by the Governor, 
 one from each Congressional District of the State, shall be a 
 body politic and corporate by the name and style of the Board 
 of Education for the State of Louisiana, with authority to sue and 
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS. 11 
 
 defend suits in all matters relating to the interest of the public 
 schools. The above specified six citizens shall receive, as com- 
 pensation for their services in attending the meetings of the 
 board, their actual traveling expenses and per diem for the num- 
 ber of days that the board is in session, the same as members of 
 the State Legislature, payable on their warrants, approved by 
 the president and secretary of the board, out of the school fund. 
 
 SEC. 2. [Time of Meeting.] The Governor shall be ex-officio 
 the president, and the State Superintendent the secretary. The 
 board shall meet on or before the first Monday of December of 
 each year, and at other times upon the call ot the State Super- 
 intendent. . The acts of the board shall be attested by the sig- 
 nature of the president. 
 
 SEC. 3. [May Require Reports of ^Parish Superintendents.] 
 The State Board of Education may require reports to be made 
 by the parish superintendent whenever the interest of the com- 
 mon schools indicate the necessity of other reports than now 
 required. 
 
 SEC. 4. [Duties and Powers ; Appoint School Directors ; Text 
 Books.] The State Board of Education shall appoint for each 
 parish in the State, except the parish of Orleans, a board of 
 school directors consisting of not less than five, nor more than 
 nitie, qualified citizens of the parish. The Governor shall issue 
 a commission to each of said directors. The State Board of 
 Education shall prepare rules, by-laws and regulations for the 
 government of the common schools of the State, which shall be 
 enforced by the parish superintendents and the several school 
 boards, and shall give such directions as it may see proper as to 
 the branches of study which shall be taught. TheJState Board 
 iShall strictly enforce a uniformity of text books in all the public 
 schools, and shall adopt a list thereot, which shall remain 
 unchanged for lour years after such adoption. For satisfactory 
 reasons shown to said board, it may change said list or adopt a 
 list generally preferred by teachers or parents in certain locali- 
 ties, maintaining as far as possible a uniformity of text books, 
 
12 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 and without placing parents and guardians to further expense. 
 The adoption of such a list and apparatus shall be by contract to 
 the lowest bidder, subject to the change aforesaid, and to the 
 best advantage as to cost to pupils. 
 
 SEC. 5. [Women Eligible to Office.] Article 233 of the Con- 
 stitution of 1879 of the State of Louisiana is hereby declared to 
 be operative, and women over twenty-one years of age are hereby 
 declared eligible to any office of control or management under 
 the School Laws ot this State. 
 
 SEC. G | Term of Office; Parish Officers.] The term of office 
 of the members of the school boards and of the parish superin- 
 tendents shall be tour years from the time of their appointment. 
 All vacancies occurring on the parish school boards during the 
 interval between the meetings of the State Board of Education 
 shall be filled by appointment by the Governor subject to the 
 ratification of said Stat * board at its next meeting; provided 
 these officers of the parish boards shall take the usual oath of 
 office, which oath shall be tiled in the office of the State Superin- 
 tendent of Public Education. 
 
 SEC. 7. [Removal for Neglect of Duty or Malfeasance in Office.] 
 For neglect of duty or malfeasance in office the Governor may 
 remove a member or members of this parish boards of school 
 directors subject to the ratification of the State Board of Edu- 
 cation j and for sufficient cause the parish board ot school 
 directors may remove, the parish superiirendeut of public edu- 
 cation, subject to an appeal to the State Board of Education ; 
 provided, this appeal be taken within ten days after his dismissal. 
 The appeal shall not have the effect of suspending the board's 
 action of dismissal during i^s pendency but the parish superin- 
 tendent shall be reinstated if the State board decides that he 
 was dismissed without cause and reverses the decision of the 
 paiish school board. 
 
 SEC. 8. [School Boards Bodies Corporate.] The several school 
 boards are constituted bodies corporate with power to sue and 
 be sued, under the name and style of the "Parish Board of 
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS. 13 
 
 Directors of the Parish of ," as the case may be. Citations 
 
 shall be served on the president of the board. 
 
 SEC. 9. [Evidences of Debt Not Negotiable.] Said board shall 
 have no power to issue negotiable evidences of debt. 
 
 SEC. 10. [State and Parish Boards Exempt from Furnishing 
 Bonds in Suit In all judicial proceedings where, by law, bond 
 and security are required from litigants, the State Board of 
 Education shall be dispensed from furnishing bond or security ; 
 and in all suits in which the State or parish board of education 
 may be plaintiffs, defendants, iutervenors, garnishees, or inter- 
 ested in any manner whatsoever, it shall be the duty of the court- 
 before whom such suits are pending, on the affidavit of the 
 attorney representing the State or parish board of education, if 
 the case is one of serious public interest and in which a speedy 
 decision is desirable, to set the cause for trial by preference, and 
 all such cases may also be fixed for trial as early as possible on 
 motion or petition of the attorney of the State or parish board of 
 education. 
 
 SEC. 11. [State Superintendent to Appoint Attorneys in Certain 
 Cases.] The Superintendent of Public Education may appoint a 
 person of legal attainments in each school division (parish) of 
 the State, to examine notes due and other assets arising out of 
 purchase of lands granted to educational purposes; to recover 
 lands improperly held and revenues diverted, and generally pro- 
 tect the school interests in matters appertaining thereto. He 
 (the attorney) shall be paid a commission on moneys recovered, 
 not exceeding ten per cent, and on the value of lands and other 
 property recovered, not exceeding five per cent. 
 
 SEC. 12. [Attorney of Parish Board.] The district attorney 
 of the district, or any other attorny selected by the board, shall 
 act as counsel for the parish board. 
 
 SEC. 13 [Duty and Authority of Parish Boards.] The parish 
 board of directors shall select from their number a president. 
 They shall elect or appoint a parish superintendent, who shall 
 be ex-officio secretary of the board. They are authorized, in 
 
14 GKENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 their discretion, to appoint auxiliary visiting trustees for each 
 ward or school district, or school in the parish; such trustees to 
 make quarterly reports to the parish boards of the actual condi- 
 tion of, and shall make needful suggestions in all matters 
 relating to the schools they have in charge as trustees. The 
 parish board of directors shall report to the State Board of 
 Education all deficiencies in the schools, or neglect of duty on 
 the part of teachers, superintendent or other officer. They shall 
 visit and examine the schools in the several school districts of 
 the parish, from time to time, and they shall meet and advise 
 with the trustees when occasion requires (if auxiliary trustees 
 be appointed by tie board of the parish). They shall apportion 
 the school fund to the. several districts in the parish in proportion 
 to the number of persons in the district between the ages of six 
 and eighteen years, and shall determine the number of schools 
 to be opened, the location of the school houses, the number of 
 teachers to be employed, their salary; and the said school board 
 is entrusted with seeing that the provisions of the law are com- 
 plied with. They shall make such rules and by-laws for their 
 own government (not inconsistent with the law) as they may 
 deem proper. The regular meeting of each parish board shall 
 be held on the first Saturday of January, April, July and Octo- 
 ber, and it may hold such special and adjourned meetings as the 
 board may determine, or as occasion may require. Each member 
 shall receive payment for his attendance at school board meetings, 
 when the board shall hold regular sessions on the days before 
 mentioned ; provided, that the amount be not fixed by the said 
 board at more than two dollars per diem, and provided that the 
 whole amount expended annually shall not exceed one hundred 
 dollar^. The school boards shall exercise proper vigilance in 
 securing for the schools of the parish all funds destined for the 
 support ol the schools, including the State fund apportioned 
 thereto, the poll tax collectible, and all other funds. They shall 
 keep a record of all their transactions and proceedings. The 
 school boards may receive land by purchase or donation, for the 
 purpose of erecting a school house, provide for and secure the 
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS. 15 
 
 erection of same, construct such outbuildings and enclosures as 
 shall be conducive to the protection of the property, make 
 repairs and provide the necessary furniture and apparatus. All 
 contracts for improvements shall be to the lowest responsible 
 bidder, the board reserving the right to reject any and all bids. 
 They shall have power to recover for any damages that may be 
 done the property in their charge; they may, by a two-third 
 vote of the whole board, after due notice, change the location of 
 the school- house, sell or dispose of the old site and use the pro- 
 ceeds thereof towards procuring a new one. 
 
 SEC. 14. [Restrictions on Contracts and Debts.] The dif- 
 ferent boards of directors shall not be empowered to make 
 contracts or debts for any one year greater than the amount of 
 revenue prov ded for according to this act, it being the intent 
 hereof that parties contracting with said board shall take heed 
 that durt revenue shall have been provided to satisfy the clai/n r 
 otherwise they may lose and forfeit the sa,ine, and no action or 
 execution shall be allowed in aid thereof, and that the board 
 shall not exceed their powers in incurring the debt. 
 
 SEC. 15. [Duties of President and Secretary of the Board.] 
 The president shall preside at the meetings of the board, 
 caH special meetings when necessary, advise with and assist the 
 parish superintendent in promoting the success of the schools, 
 and generally do and perform all other acts and duties pertain- 
 ing to his office of president of the board. All deeds and con- 
 tracts for the schools, including those with teachers, are to be 
 signed by him ; the latter also by the parish superintendent. 
 
 The secretary shall keep fall minutes of all proceedings of 
 the board in a book provided for the purpose, and shall do and 
 perform all other acts and duties legally pertaining to the office 
 of secretary of the board. 
 
 SEC. 1C. [Reports of State and Parish Boards and Officers.] 
 In addition to the biennial reports now required by law from 
 State and district boards, the State and district officers, or 
 other persons receiving or disbursing State or district funds, 
 
16 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 said boards, officers and persons shall render, in writing, to the 
 State Auditor, semi-annual itemized detailed reports, which in 
 case of the report of a board or its representatives, shall be signed 
 by the president and secretary of the board, showing the several 
 sums received and from what source, and the several sums dis- 
 bursed and for what purpose and to whom paid, the said reports 
 to be made on or before the first days of June or December of each 
 year; and in the event of the failure so to do on the p,irt of any 
 board or district officer or other person above named, the Auditor 
 shall report the delinquency to the Governor within tifteea days 
 after said failure, who shall be authorized thereupon, to remove 
 from office the members of said board, or district officer or other 
 person as for cause, unless it may be made to appear to the satis- 
 faction of the Governor, that said failure or delinquency occurred 
 from unavoidable or excusable causes. 
 
 SEC. 17. [Concerning Officers.] All parish boards and par- 
 ish officers having in charge the reception of, or disburse- 
 ment of, public funds shall make semi-annual itemized, detailed 
 accounts as required above to the clerk of court of the respective 
 parishes, under the forms, conditions and penalties enumerated 
 in Section 16 "of this act. 
 
 SEC. 18. [Penalties for Non-Compliance.] In ca-e any sala- 
 ried officer of the State failing to file with the Auditor of 
 Public Accounts semi-annual itemized, detailed accounts, as 
 provided in the sixteenth section of this act the Auditor shall, 
 within fifteen days thereafter, furnish to the Treasurer of the 
 State, a certificate to that effect and thereafter it shall be illegal 
 for the Auditor to audit any warrant of said officer for salary, 
 or the Treasurer to pay the same, until such time as the delin- 
 quent officer shall have complied with the foregoing provisions. 
 
 SEC. 19. [Power of the District Board in Expropriations.] 
 When land shall be required for the erection of a school house 
 or for enlarging a school house lot, and the owner refuses to 
 sell the same for a reasonable compensation, the District Board 
 of School Directors shall have the power to select and possess 
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS. 17 
 
 such sites embracing space sufficiently extensive to answer the 
 purpose of school house and grounds. 
 
 SEC. 20. [Relative to the Value of the Grounds.] Should 
 such land holder deem the sum assessed too small, he shall 
 have the right to institute suit before any proper judicial 
 tribunal for his claim; but the title shall pass from him to the 
 school corporation. 
 
 SEC. 21. [Penalty for Non-Performance of Duty.] A failure 
 on the part of any district, parish or State officer to per- 
 form the duty imposed upon him by any section of this act, under 
 the tide, " Education," and in the manner herein specified, is 
 hereby declared a misdemeanor in office. Upon conviction thereof, 
 such officer shall be punished by a fine not less than fifty, and 
 not exceeding one hundred dollars, and by imprisonment in the 
 jiarish prison for a term of not less than thirty days, and not 
 exceeding three mouths. All prosecutions for offenses against 
 this section shall have precedence over all cases before any jus- 
 tice of the peace, parish or district court. 
 
 SEC. 22. [Sale Which Can be Made by the Land Register.] 
 It shall be lawful for the Eegister of the Land Office to sell, 
 at the price stipulated by law, to any Board of Free School 
 Directors of this State, any amount, not less than five acres, 
 of any land within their school district, donated by Congress 
 to this State, either for the use of a seminary of learning, or 
 for the purpose of internal improvement, on which to erect a 
 school house. 
 
 SEC. 23. [How Located.] Any land so sold shall commence 
 in the corner of a legal division or sub-divisions of sections ; 
 and if in a right angle, it shall be run an equal distance 
 on two sides, bounded by the line of such division, and form a 
 square including the number of acres sold ; if in an acute angle, 
 it shall be bounded by said division lines to such distance, and 
 by lines in such other directions as the Eegister may deem most 
 equitable between the land so sold and that retained ; the pat- 
 ents for lauds so sold shall issue to the free school directors and 
 2 
 
18 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 their successors, for the use of their district schools, setting forth 
 the number, and of what parish. 
 
 SEC. 24. [Reservations of School Lands.] The Register of 
 the State Land Office at Baton Eouge is required to ascer- 
 tain in what township in this State, there are no reserva-. 
 tions of school sections by reason of conflicting claims or from 
 any other cause, or where the reservation is less than contem- 
 plated by law ; and in such cases it is made his duty under the 
 superintendence of the Governor, to apply for, and as soon as 
 possible, obtain a location of any land or part of land in lieu 
 thereof. 
 
 SEC. 25. [Scrips Should Issue Only When Locations Cannot be 
 Made.] When such locations cannot be made, if deemed more 
 advantageous to the State, the Register, with the assent of the 
 Federal Government, is authorized to issue scrip for such lands, 
 which scrip shall not be sold for a less amount than one dollar 
 and twenty-five cents per acre. 
 
 SEC. 26. [Exemptions from Jury Duty.] The following per- 
 sons shall be exempted from serving as jurors, but the exemp- 
 tion shall be personal to them, and when they do not themselves 
 claim the exemption it shall not be sufficient cause from chal- 
 lenging any person exempt under the provisions of this act. 
 
 * * * The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, State Au- 
 ditor, State Treasurer, Secretary of the State, Superintendent of 
 Public Education, their clerks and employees, and all public 
 officers, commissioned under the authority of the United States. 
 
 * * * professors and school teachers while employed 
 in teaching. ********** 
 
 SEC. 27. [Division of Parishes Into School Districts.] It shall 
 be the duty of the parish board, with the parish superin- 
 tendent, to divide the parish into school districts of such proper 
 and convenient area and shape as will best accommodate the 
 children of the parish. The parish boards shall, as soon as 
 practicable, proceed to the work imposed tpon them, and upon 
 completing this work, they shall make a report to the parish 
 
STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 
 
 19* 
 
 superintendent, which report shall contain the boundary and 
 description of the said district designated by number. The 
 parish superintendent shall record the same in a well bound 
 book, kept by him for the purpose, which book shall be held by 
 said parish superintendent, and be at all times open to inspec- 
 tion. The parish board, if they deem it to the best interests of 
 the schools, may divide the parish into districts without refer- 
 ence to the wards in the parish. 
 
 SEC. 28. [School Districts in Two Adjoining Parishes ; How 
 Laid Off.] The parish superintendents of two adjoining par- 
 ishes, where the division line intersects a neighborhood whose 
 convenience requires it, may lay off a district composed of parts 
 of both the parishes. Such districts shall be reported, together 
 with the census of school children only as belonging to the parish, 
 in which the school house may be situated, by the parish super- 
 intendent of the parish ; and report shall be made by the assessor 
 and the parish superintendent as though it lay entirely in the 
 parish. 
 
 SEC. 29. [Option Which District School Children Will Attend,] 
 Where two school districts adjoin, it shall be lawful for the 
 children in either of the said adjoining districts to be taught 
 in and at such school house as shall be most convenient 
 to them ; provided, that their tuition fees shall be paid to the 
 district in which they are taught, and that no change be made 
 without the assent of the school boards of the respective parishes. 
 
 II. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 
 
 30. IS. 16, A. 81, 1888.] Au office to 
 
 be provided for the State Su- 
 perintendent ; custody of pa- 
 pers and records; vacancy 
 filled by appointment from the 
 Governor. 
 
 31. \_S. 17, A. 81. 1888 ] Salary of 
 
 the State Superintendent, his 
 office, stationery, clerk, porter. 
 
 32. IS. 18, A. 81, 1888.] Duties of 
 
 the State Superintendent and 
 the schools subject to his super- 
 visory control 
 
 33. i$. 19, A 81, 1888 ] Accounts he 
 
 shall keep. 
 
 34. [S. 20, A. 81, 1888.] Biennial re- 
 
 port; what it shall contain; 
 number of copies to be printed 
 and distributed. 
 
 35. \_S. 21, A. 81, 1888.] Institutions 
 
20 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 
 
 II. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION 
 Continued. 
 
 of the Blind and the Deaf and I evidence. 
 
 Dumb; Keports and suggea- 37. [S. 23, A. 81, 1888.] Must report 
 tions to be made by the State neglect of duty and the ini- 
 
 Superintendent. proper use of school funds. 
 
 36. IS. 22, A. 81, 1888.]-Copies of 38> [5 . 2 4, A. 81, 1888. ]-Decis ions 
 
 the State Superintendent's rec- 
 ords and papers admissible in 
 
 and appeals. 
 
 SEC. 30. [State Superintendent of Public Education.] An 
 office shall be provided for the State Superintendent of Public 
 Education at the seat of government, in which he shall file, each 
 year separately, all papers, reports and public documents trans- 
 mitted to him by the board and officers whose duty it is to report 
 to him, and hold the same in readiness to be examined by the 
 Governor whenever he sees proper, and by any committee ap- 
 pointed by the General Assembly; and he shall cause to be kept 
 a record of all matters appertaining to his office. In case of 
 vacancy in the office of Superintendent of Public Education, the 
 Governor shall fill the vacancy and submit the name of the 
 appointee to the Senate for its confirmation at the first session 
 held after the appointment. 
 
 SEC. 31. [Salary, Office Expenses, Clerk, Porter.] The 
 salary Of the Superintendent of Public Education shall be two 
 thousand dollars per annum, besides which he shall be entitled 
 to office fixtures, stationery, books, fuel and lights needed to 
 carry on the work of his office. He shall have the authority to 
 appoint a clerk and a porter, and prescribe the duties of each ; 
 provided, that the entire expenses of his office, including salaries, 
 postage and incidentals, shall not exceed the specific appropria- 
 tion therefor, payable in monthly installments, out of the current 
 school fund, by the Treasurer of the State, upon the warrants of 
 the State Superintendent. 
 
 SEC. 32. [Duties of the State Superintendent.] The State 
 Superintendent of Public Education shall have general super- 
 vision of all boards of education, and of all common, high or 
 
STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 21 
 
 normal schools of the State, and shall see that the school system 
 is carried into effect properly. He shall visit the several par- 
 ishes of the State whenever practicable, at least once a year? 
 and shall give due notice of the time of his intended visit to the 
 parish superintendent, whose duty it shall be to meet and confer 
 with the State Superintendent on all matters connected with the 
 interests of the common schools of the parish ; while engaged in 
 this duty, his actual expenses shall be paid out of the current 
 school fund, but shall not in any case exceed the amount appro- 
 priated per annum for the purpose. 
 
 SEC. 33. [General Duties of the State Superintendent] 
 He shall keep an account of all orders drawn or countersigned 
 by him on the Auditor of all returns of settlements, and make 
 note of all changes, in the appointment of school treasurers ; 
 whenever required any part of this account or note of change 
 shall be furnished by the Auditor. 
 
 SEC. 34. [Biennial Report.] He shall biennially, on or be- 
 fore the meeting of the General Assembly, make a report of the 
 condition and progress made and possible improvements to be 
 made in the common schools; the amount and condition of the 
 school funds ; how its revenues, during the two previous school 
 years, have been distributed; the amount collected and dis- 
 bursed for common school purposes from local taxation or from 
 any other source of revenue, and how the same was expended. 
 This report shall contain ail abstract of the parish and city 
 superintendents' reports. He shall communicate all facts, sta- 
 tistics and information as are of interest to the common schools. 
 He shall cause to be printed a copy for each school district in 
 the State, two hundred copies for the use of the members of the 
 legislature, and to exchange with the superintendents of public 
 instruction of other States, and three hundred copies for dis- 
 tribution by the superintendent. 
 
 SEC. 35. [Suggestions to be Made Concerning Institutions for 
 the Blind, Deaf and Dumb.] The Superintendent in his report 
 shall set forth the objects, make suggestions which may be 
 
22 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 
 
 of interest and promote the success ot the Institutions of the 
 Blind and the Deaf and Dumb. The superintendents of these 
 institutions shall annually, by the first day of March, furnish 
 the State Superintendent ot Public Education such statements 
 of their respective institutions as may be necessary to enable 
 him to make a full and satisfactory report. 
 
 SEC. 36. [Copies of Superintendent's Records Admissible in 
 Evidence.] Certified copies of records and papers in his office 
 ^hall, in all cases, be evidence as admissible as the original. 
 
 SEC. 37. [Reports to State Board in Certain Cases.] It is 
 made part of his duty to report all neglect of duty or any im- 
 proper uses made of school funds to the State Board of Education 
 whenever it may come to his knowledge. 
 
 SEC. 38.* [Decisions and Appeals.] The State Superintend- 
 ent shall decide all controversies or disputes that may arise or 
 exist among the directors, or between the superintendents and 
 the board, and between the superintendents and teachers con- 
 cerning their respective duties. The facts of these controversies 
 or disputes shall be made known to him by written statements 
 by the parties thereto, verified by oath or affirmation, if required, 
 -and accompanied by certified copies of all necessary minutes, 
 contracts, orders or other documents. An appeal may be taken 
 from his decision to the Board of Education, provided it be 
 taken within fifteen days after his decision shall have been made* 
 When called upon by the Superintendent of Public Education 
 the Attorney General shall give his opinion in regard to any 
 controversy or dispute. The Superintendent of Public Edu- 
 cation shall, whenever required, give advice, explanations, 
 constructions or informations to the district officers and super- 
 intendents and citizens relative to the common school law ; the 
 duties of common school officers ; the right and duties of parents, 
 
 * SECTION 38. This department will gladly assist in every way in securing uniform and 
 satisfactory administration of school affairs. The custom of answering proper inquiries, from 
 school officers, teachers or others, touching constructions and app ications of school laws, will 
 Continue. All correspondence of this kind is filed her* fo r preservation, letter-press copi s 
 being taken for that purpose. It is obvious that we cannot comply with requests for the 
 return of letters of inquiry with our replies. 
 
 In appealing to the State Superintendent, copies of the charges verified by oath should be 
 .furnished tae officers or persons complained against that they may answer for themselves. 
 
PARISH SUPERINTENDENT, TREASURER, ETC. 
 
 23 
 
 guardians, pupils and all officers: the management of the schools, 
 and all other questions calculated to promote the cause of 
 education. 
 
 III. PARISH SUPERINTENDENT, TREASURER, AND OTHER 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 39. 
 
 40. 
 
 \_S. 25, A. 81, 1888.] Qualifica- 
 tions and salary of the Parish 
 Superintendent. 
 
 [S. 26, A. 81, 1888,] Must visit 
 each school once a year. 
 
 41. IS. 27, A. 81, 1888 ] Additional 
 
 compensation allowed for cer- 
 tain services. 
 
 42. [S. 28, A. 81, 1888.] Committee 
 
 for the selection of teachers. 
 
 43. IS. 29, A. 81, 1888.] Enumeration 
 
 of educable youth each Parish 
 ' Superintendent to forward an 
 annual statement to the State 
 Superintendent. 
 
 44. \_S. 16, A 85, 1888.] Duty of As- 
 
 sessor in enumerating youths. 
 
 45. IS. 30, A. 81, 1888 ] Parish Su- 
 
 perintendent to report annually 
 to the State Superintendent. 
 
 46. [S. 31, A. 81, 1888.] Custody of 
 
 official documents by the Par- 
 
 47. IS. 32, A. 81, 1888.] Oaths he 
 
 may administer. 
 48 [S. 33, A. 81, 1888] His office 
 
 days. 
 
 49. [S. 56, A. 81, 1888 ] Parish Trea- 
 
 surer is ex-officio School Trea- 
 surer. 
 
 50. \_S 57, A. 81, 1888.] His bond; 
 
 in favor of the Governor; 
 amount; certified copies must 
 be furnished the State Super- 
 intendent and the State Trea- 
 surer. 
 
 51. IS 58, A. 81, 1888.] Transfer of 
 
 funds and documents of Parish 
 Treasurer to his successor. 
 
 52. \_S 59, A. 81, 1888.] How funds 
 
 shall be disbursed 
 
 53. IS. 60, A. SI, 1888.] Parish Trea- 
 
 surer's compensation. 
 
 54. [S. 61, A. 81, 1888 ] Receipts 
 
 and. disbursements by the Par- 
 ish Treasurer ; his report to the 
 State Superintendent. 
 
 ish Superintendents. 
 
 SEC. 39. [Qualifications ; Salary.] There shall be a parish 
 superintendent in each of the parishes of the State, the parish 
 of Orleans excepted, who shall be possessed of moral character 
 and ability to manage the common school interest of the parish. 
 He shall be of age. His salary shall not be more than two hun- 
 dred dollars per annum for his services as superintendent and 
 secretary as herein provided. 
 
 SEC. 40. [Visits to be Made.] He shall during the year 
 visit once, at least, each school district in the parish, and he shall 
 exert his best endeavors in promoting the cause of common 
 .sshool education. 
 
1M PARISH SlIPKRIN'J'KNDllN'l, TIM'IASURKK, KT<!. 
 
 SEC. 41. [Additional Compensation.] Whenever his scrv 
 ices are quite eflicient and highly satisfactory to the school hoard.. 
 it is authori/ed in its discretion to allow a,n amount sufficient to 
 the parish superintendent to defray his expenses in visiting till 
 the schools in his parish. Tin*, amount allowed shall never 
 exceed one hundred and twenty-five dollars per annum. Prior 
 to any payment for expenses in visiting the, schools, he, shall 
 make a written report respecting the condition of each school 
 examined, and -shall make, it appear that he, has devoted at 
 least three, hours in examining each school visited. The school 
 board is also authori/cd to defray his expenses to attend annu- 
 ally the convention of superintendents. 
 
 SEC. 42.* | Committee for Appointment of Teachers. | T he 
 president of the school board and a member appointed by the 
 board, also the, parish superintendent, shall constitute a commit- 
 tee, and shall as such appoint the teachers of the. common schools 
 for his parish, and till vacancies in the, order of merit as herein- 
 after provided. At the first meeting of the board after the 
 appointment, it shall be. noted in each instance in the minutes of 
 its proceedings. 
 
 SEC. 43. [Enumeration of Educable Youth. | It shall be the 
 duty of the, parish superintendent, on or before the, 10th day 
 Of .January of each year, to cause to be placed in the hands of 
 the State Superintendent of Public Education a report showing 
 the number of children between the ages of six and eighteen 
 years, residing in the parish, and the. whole, number residing in 
 each district designated by its number. lie shall take the 
 items of his report from the assessor's returns showing the said 
 number of children, but he shall assure, himself of its correct 
 ness, and so attest before a competent officer. 
 
 SIM rioa i' 'i h. -i-ontcK i iiuiH ii-KiiitiiiM iiuin tb appointment of teacher* b; tin a|.|.oni, 
 mi-lit r ..... mittoe ! binding upon toe board and only aunulfikl ^hen it* conditions are nnnufllled 
 
 :u.l whni it rmil.ii.iiiH iiiiuuMioiiy.iMl I.ITIIIH as uro solH\ <lrl< i min:i Mr l>\ llio |>m i.sh l.oanl, MH 
 
 Illiltti -I'M ol S( -lir.nl l.(-!lli..li lillinl.f.I nf trH,-|nMS.-||||.loVC<l, llllll HalliriOi. 
 
 'I'lic Hii|MMiiil<-iHlciit limy <liM(-liiiiu<' triirhiTH IOIIIM! iinwoi-tliy of Mni ti IIM( c<iili(l'<l to tlinn. 
 l ( 'o|- nc^li rt. ul (lnl\ the linaiil in;iy HMIIOV < I li^ ]i:n isli .Mii|M-riliti-nil(-lil . 
 
 - liniiril iiniNt, linlil lUttMUttTC otlic.-iH T.-siM,iisililn in Hiicli iiiiiniKir Unit 
 " positive cluiiai tcr and hlui.ll not l*n liiilil<- to lff'| ill-lit and lni|-|ii Till cli 
 
PARISH SUPERINTENDENT, TREASURER, ETC. 25 
 
 SEC. 44. [Assessor's Enumeration.] The assessors of the 
 several parishes throughout the State (the parish of Orleans 
 excepted,) shall furnish to the Auditor of Public Accounts, 
 within the time prescribed by section 12 (the first of January of 
 each year) with blank forms of assessments, as follows, viz : 
 
 * * * WHITE CHILDREN BETWEEN SIX AND EIGHTEEN YEARS. 
 MALES, 
 FEMALES, 
 
 COLORED CHILDREN BETWEEN SIX AND EIGHTEEN YEARS. 
 MALES, 
 
 FEMALES, 
 
 And it shall be the duty of the said assessors * * * to cor- 
 rectly return the * * statistics thereto attached. 
 
 SEC. 45. [Annual Report of Parish Superintendent] He 
 (the parish superintendent) shall previously to the 15th day 
 of January, mail to the State Superintendent of Public Educa- 
 tion his official report, showing in tables an aggregate of 
 the school districts in his parish by number, the districts 
 in which schools were taught, and the length of time taught, 
 the highest, the lowest, and the average number of children 
 at school, the cost of tuition of eacn child for the session 
 and per month, number of private schools, academies and 
 colleges taught in the parish, and the length of session of 
 same ; the number of teachers employed, male and female, for 
 the common schools, the average wages of male teachers, female 
 teachers, the amount of money raised for school purposes in the 
 parish by local tax or otherwise, and for whose purposes it was- 
 disbursed ; the number and kind of school houses, and the value 
 of each, the number built during the year preceding the report r 
 the number of district libraries and the number ot volumes in 
 each, and the increase during the year, the amount received and 
 expended. In case of his neglecc or failure to make this report 
 in time as required, he shall forfeit and pay the sum of twenty 
 dollars of his annual salary. 
 
 SEC. 46. [Custody of Records, Papers, and Documents.] 
 Each parish superintendent shall keep a record of all the busi- 
 
26 
 
 ness transacted by him as parish superintendent, the names and 
 numbers, and description of school districts, and all other papers 
 and documents of value connected with his office, at all times 
 subject to inspection and examination by any school officer or 
 other person interested in any question pertaining to the common 
 school. 
 
 SEC. 47. [Oaths Superintendent May Administer.] The parish 
 superintendent may administer the oath required of any of the 
 officials of the common schools, or of any person required to 
 make ath in any matter relating thereto, except to qualify 
 directors. 
 
 SEC. 48. [Office Days. | He shall attend at his office, at 
 the parish seat, on the first Saturday of January, April, July 
 and October, in each year, and at such other times as may be 
 necessary for him to receive the reports of teachers and others, 
 and to transact the business required of him. 
 
 SEC. 49. [Parish Treasurer is Ex-Officio School Treasurer.] 
 The parish treasurer in every parish (the parish of Orleans 
 excepted) shall be and is constituted the treasurer of all school 
 funds apportioned by the State to such parish, or raised, col- 
 lected or donated therein for the support of the free public 
 schools ; he shall receive and receipt for all such funds to the 
 Treasurer of the State, and to the collector of parish taxes. 
 
 SEC. 50. [Bond of the Treasurer.] Immediately upon the 
 passage of this act, and thereafter before he enters upon the 
 duties of his office, the parish treasurer of each parish who shall 
 be elected after the passage of this act, shall, in addition to the 
 bond required by existing law, execute a bond in favor of the 
 Governor of the State, with good and solvent security, in a sum 
 equal to the amount annually apportioned to the parish ; the 
 sureties on said bond shall be residents of the parish, and shall 
 own therein real estate worth over and above all incumbrance 
 the amount of their obligations thereon ; said bond must be 
 accepted by the president of the board of directors, and the clerk 
 of the district court, who shall record the same in the mortgage 
 
PARISH SUPERINTENDENT, TREASURER, ETC. 27 
 
 book of the parish, and shall forward to the State Superintendent 
 of Education and to the State Treasury a copy of said bond, 
 Tvith a certificate of its acceptance and registry endorsed thereon. 
 
 SEC. 51. [Transfer of Funds.] Said treasurer, immediately 
 upon the acceptance of his bond, shall demand of his prede- 
 cessor in the office of the treasurer of the school funds, the cus- 
 tody of all books and papers and of all balances of school money 
 in his hand as custodian of the school funds of the parish. 
 
 SEC. 52. [How Funds Shall be Disbursed.] Said treasurer 
 shall pay out of the school funds intrusted to his charge only on 
 warrants drawn by the president and countersigned by the sec- 
 retary of the parish school board, and shall state against what 
 school district fund it was drawn, which warrants shall be drawn 
 by these officers only in virtue of appropriations regularly made 
 by the parish board ; the parish board shall make annually an 
 estimate of the amount ot revenue for the year, appropriating 
 the same as above required, and no warrant beyond the amount 
 estimated shall be drawn for any year. These warrants shall 
 be numbered and shall specify on their face to whom and for 
 what they are given, and the date of the appropriation made by 
 the school board ; the treasurer shall pay these warrants only to 
 the extent of the amount to the credit on his books, and in the 
 order in which they are presented, of school districts, in behalf 
 of which the warrants shall have been drawn, and said warrants 
 shall be filed in the office as vouchers, and with the account 
 book kept by him as treasurer of the school fund shall always 
 be subject to examination by any one who chooses to examine 
 them. 
 
 SEC. 53. [Treasurer's Compensation.] The compensation of 
 the treasurer shall be a sum to be fixed by the State Board of 
 Education, for each parish, according to its territorial area and 
 the amount of fund to be disbursed 5 but in no case shall it 
 exceed two and a half per cent of the amount disbursed by him 
 as shown by his vouchers. 
 
 SEC. 54. [Treasurer's Report.] It shall be the duty of the 
 treasurer to furnish to the parish board accounts of his receipts 
 
28 
 
 TEACHERS. 
 
 and disbursements as often as required by them, and before the 
 10th day of January, annually he shall forward to the State 
 Superintendent of Public Education, in such form as he shall 
 prescribe, a full report of his receipts and disbursements for the 
 year, and of the balance on hand to the credit of each ward or 
 school district, and the indebtedness outstanding on the first 
 day of January ; provided, the foregoing sections do not apply 
 to the treasurer of the board for the parish of Orleans. 
 
 IV. TEACHERS. 
 
 INSTITUTES. 
 
 55. [S. 34, A. 81, 1888.] Date for 
 
 parish institutes. 
 
 56. IS. 35, A. 81, 1888.] Attendance 
 
 at the parish institutes obliga- 
 tory upon teachers ; exceptions. 
 
 57. IS. 36, A. 81, 1888.] Length of 
 
 institute session ; penalty for 
 non-attendance. 
 
 58. IS. 37, A. 81, 1888.] Members of 
 
 the institute, active and hon- 
 orary. 
 
 59. [5. 38, A. 31, 1888.] Roll of in- 
 
 stitute members. 
 
 60. \_S. 39, A 81, 1888 ] Parish super- 
 
 intendents to appoint institute 
 managers ; manager's pay. 
 
 61. \_S. 40, A. 81, 1888.] Institute 
 
 fund ; superintendent's c o m- 
 pensation for personal superin- 
 tendence at institute. 
 
 62. [S. 41, A. 81, 1888 ] Foregoing 
 
 sections not applicable to Or- 
 leans parish. 
 
 63. IS. 43, A. 81, 1888.] Institute 
 
 report by parish superintend- 
 ent 
 
 64. IS 1, A. 64, 1894] State teach- 
 
 ers' institutes 
 
 65. IS. 2, A. 64, 1894.] -State insti- 
 
 tute conductor; how elected; 
 salary. 
 
 66. IS. 3, A. 64, 1894.] -State insti- 
 
 tute conductor, an ex-om'cio 
 
 member of the State Normal 
 School faculty. 
 
 67. IS. 4, A. 64, 1894.] Assistant in- 
 
 stitute lecturers; remuneration. 
 
 68. [S. 5, A. 64, 1894 ] State Super- 
 
 intendent and the President of 
 the Normal School ex-officio 
 State institute managers. 
 
 69. IS. 6, A. 64, 1894] -Local ar- 
 
 rangements for institutes ; no- 
 tification to teachers to attend 
 institutes. 
 
 70. \_S. 7, A. 64, 1894.] Penalty for 
 
 inexcusable absence of teachers 
 from institutes. 
 
 71. [S. 8, A 64, 1894.] Leaves of ab- 
 
 sence to be granted and salaries 
 continued. 
 
 72. \_S. 9, A. 64, 1894.] Certificates 
 
 of attendance. 
 
 73. IS. 10, A. 64, 1894.] Report of 
 
 the institute conductor. 
 
 EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 74. [S. 44, A. 81, 1888.] When two 
 
 or more teachers apply for the 
 same position, it shall be 
 awarded by competitive exam- 
 ination. 
 
 75. [5.45, A. 81,1888.] Examination 
 
 fee. 
 
 76 \_S. 46, A. 81, 1888. ] Examiners : 
 shall take an oath that they 
 will faithfully discharge their 
 
TEACHERS. 
 
 29 
 
 IV. TEACHERS Continued. 
 
 duties; parish superintendent 
 may in certain cases revoke the 
 endorsements of teachers by ex- 
 amining committees. 
 
 77. [5. 47, A. 81, 1888.] -Qualifica- 
 
 tions necessary to obtain a third 
 grade certificate. 
 
 78. [5. 48, A. 81, 1888.] -Qualifica- 
 
 tions for a second grade certifi- 
 cate. 
 
 79. [5. 49, A. 81, 1888.] -Qualifica- 
 
 tions for a third grade certifi- 
 cate. 
 
 80. [5. 50, A. 81, 1888.1 Certificate 
 
 required as a requisite to the 
 employment of a teacher. 
 
 81. IS. 3, A. 40, 1888 J Examination 
 
 of teachers on hygiene and tem- 
 perance. 
 
 82. [,S. 4, A. 40, 1888.] -Certificate to 
 
 be filed by teacher. 
 
 83. US. 1, A. 57, 1894.] Peabody Nor- 
 
 mal graduates are entitled to 
 certificates of qualification. 
 
 84. [S. 51, A. 81, 1888.] It is the 
 
 duty of each teacher to keep 
 daily registers, and to make 
 monthly reports; penalty for 
 non-performance. 
 
 85. [S. 52, A 81, 1888.] Account- 
 
 ability of pupils to teachers. 
 
 INSTITUTES. 
 
 SEC. 55. [Date for Teachers' Institute.] The parish super- 
 intendent may devote the first Saturday of each month, during 
 the time the common schools are in session in the parish, to 
 holding institutes for the improvement of teachers in their quali- 
 fications and methods of teaching, and for the discussion of 
 topics pertaining to the advancement of the public school interest 
 in the parish. 
 
 SEC. 56. [Attendance Obligatory.] The teachers shall be 
 notified of the time and place of the monthly institute meeting. 
 Teachers failing to be present, or to take such part in the exer- 
 cises as the Superintendent may assign or designate, shall for- 
 feit one day's salary (which forfeited salary shall be paid to the 
 parish institute fund), unless a good and sufficient reason for 
 such failure to attend shall be given in writing to the parish 
 superintendent within ten days thereafter. No teacher shall be 
 bound to attend the institute who, to do so ; shall have to travel 
 a greater distance than ten miles each way, and otherwise than 
 by land. 
 
 SEC. 57. [Penalty for Superintendent's Absence.] Three hours 
 work shall be required to constitute a legal session of one 
 
30 TEACHERS. 
 
 institute, and the parish superintendent shall forfeit five dollars 
 for each institute that he fails to conduct as required by this 
 act, unless physically unable to attend, or for other sufficient 
 excuse, to the satisfaction of the school board. 
 
 SEC. 58. [Members May be Active or Honorary.] These 
 institutes may receive as members, honorary or active, the mem- 
 bers of the board, all officers, and any citizen of good moral 
 character as may desire to become a member, subject to the rules 
 and regulations, and to the payment of such dues and fines as 
 may be imposed by a quorum of the said institutes. 
 
 SEC. 59. [Parish Institutes; Roll of Members.] Each par- 
 ish superintendent, upon the assembling of the teachers' institute 
 of his parish shall cause a roll of the members to be prepared^ 
 which roll shall be called at least twice a day during the session 
 of the institute, and all absentees shall be carefully marked. 
 He shall ascertain the number of teachers who were in attend- 
 ance, and length of t:me each attended, and shall keep a record 
 thereof. 
 
 SEC. 60. [Institute Managers.] Each parish superintend- 
 ent before the beginning of the free school term, shall appoint 
 one of the best qualified teachers of his parish as institute man- 
 ager for each institute district, should there be more than one 
 institute district in the parish ; and such appointees shall each 
 be paid for actual services two dollars and a half per day out of 
 the institute fund as compensation for holding institutes, and 
 for assisting the superintendent during the session. 
 
 SEC. 61. [Institute Fund.] All institute funds shall be 
 collected and receipted for by the Superintendent. He shall 
 have a record of the amount received, hand them over to the 
 treasurer of the school board, who shall keep a separate account 
 of these funds. He shall pay them out on the warrant of the 
 superintendent, countersigned by the president of the school 
 board. These funds shall be expended only in the interest of 
 the institutes. The superintendent, for all services in connection 
 with these institutes, shall be paid three dollars a day out of 
 
TEACHERS. 31 
 
 said fund for each day be will cause the said institute, to 
 hold under his personal superintendence, and for each day's 
 attendance as provided for in section fifty-five (55). 
 
 SEC. 62. [Institute Not Applicable to Orleans Parish] The 
 foregoing sections having reference to parish institutes shall 
 not apply to the parish of Orleans, but the school board of said 
 parish may inaugurate and carry on such institutes in the manner 
 and with the power and authority set forth above. 
 
 SEC. 63, [Reports Respecting Institutes. | The parish su- 
 perintendent, in his annual report to the State Superintendent, 
 shall state the time and place teachers' institutes were held ; the 
 names of the persons conducting the same; the number of per- 
 sons registered as in attendance; the sums collected; the num- 
 ber and names of teachers of common schools in the parish who 
 did not attend the institute, and such other information of the 
 proceedings and results of the institute as he may deem of value 
 and interest. 
 
 SEC. 64. [State Institutes.] As a means of improving and 
 making more efficient the teachers of the public schools of the 
 State of Louisiana, and awakening a deeper public interest in 
 said schools, the State Superintendent of Public Education and 
 the President of the State Normal School shall cause to be held 
 each year at least twenty (20) weeks of the State Teachers' Insti- 
 tutes at such times and places as they, with the advice of the 
 respeciive parish superintendents of public education, may deter- 
 mine. They shall give notice of the time and place selected 
 for'each institute at least thirty days before the beginning of 
 the said institute. 
 
 SEC. 65. [State Institute Conductor.] The State Superin. 
 tendeut of Public Education and the President of the State 
 Normal School shall select an experienced Institute Conductor, 
 who shall have immediate charge of the institutes provided for 
 in this act and whose salary for that service shall not exceed 
 one thousand dollars ($1000) per annum, payable out of any 
 funds donated by the board of trustees of the Peabody Educa- 
 
32 TEACHERS. 
 
 tional Fund, or appropriated by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, for institute purposes. 
 
 SEC. 66. [Ex-Officio Member of State Normal School Faculty.] 
 Said Institute Conductor shall be appointed for one year, and 
 shall be ex-officio a member of the faculty of the State Nor- 
 mal School, performing therein such services and receiving such 
 compensation therefor as the board of administrators of said 
 institution may determine. 
 
 SEC. 67. [Assistant's Remuneration.] Said Institute Con- 
 ductor shall be assisted in the work by members of the faculty of 
 the State Normal School and by such other assistants as the 
 State Superintendent of Public Education and the President of 
 the State Normal School may select; provided, that members of 
 the State Normal School shall receive no compensation other 
 than their actual traveling expenses for institute work done 
 during the session of said institution; but for institute work 
 done during the vacation of said Normal School, they, in common 
 with the other assistants, shall receive such remuneration as the 
 State Superintendent of Public Education and the President of 
 the State Formal School may deem sufficient, payable out of any 
 funds derived from the Peabody Fund, or appropriated by State, 
 parish or locality for institute purposes. 
 
 SEC. 68. [State Institute Managers.] The State Superin- 
 tendent of Public Education, the President of the State Normal 
 School and the State Institute Conductor shall be known as the 
 State Institute Managers, and shall prescribe the order and 
 character of the institute exercises and such other details as they 
 may deem necessary. 
 
 SEC. 69. [Notification to Teachers.] The parish superin- 
 tendent, with the advice of the State Superintendent and the 
 President of the State Normal School shall make all necessary 
 arrangement for the State Teachers' Institutes held in his parish, 
 and shall do everything in his power to insure their success. 
 He shall give to every public school teacher of his parish at 
 least fifteen days' notice of the time and place of meeting of the 
 
TEACHERS. 33 
 
 institute; and shall order all the public schools of his parish to 
 be closed during the session of the institute. 
 
 SEC. 70. [Penalty for Absence Without Satisfactory Excuse.] 
 Any public school teacher failing to attend the institute held 
 in his parish, without an excuse satisfactory to the board 
 of school directors thereof, shall immediately upon demand of 
 the parish superintendent, forfeit his certificate and lose his 
 position; and each public school teacher in attendance upon 
 the institute shall receive the same compensation for the time of 
 attendance as for actual teaching, whether the school be in ses- 
 sion "or not; provided, he shall have been present during the 
 whole session of the institute. 
 
 SEC. 71. [Leave of Absence and Compensation.] The school 
 superintendent of every parish in which no State institute is to 
 be held during the year, shall encourage and urge the public 
 school teachers of his parish to attend the nearest State Teachers 
 Institute, granting them leave of absence from their school 
 duties and giving them the same compensation for attending the 
 institute as is provided in section seventy for the teachers of 
 schools located in the parish wherein the institute is held. 
 
 SEC. 72. [Certificate of Attendance.] The State Institute 
 Conductor and his assistant conductors shall issue certificates 
 of attendance to every teacher in attendance during the whole 
 session of a State Teachers' Institute and parish boards of school 
 directors shall give preference, ceteris paribus, to the holders of 
 said certificates in the selection of teachers for the public- 
 schools. 
 
 SEC. 73. [Report of Institute Conductor.] The State Insti- 
 tute Conductor shall annually make an exhaustive report of the 
 State Teachers Institutes to the President of the State Normal 
 School, who shall transmit said report to the State Superin- 
 tendent of Public Education, and also embody it in his biennial 
 report to the General Assembly. 
 
 EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 SEC. 74. [Competitive E laminations.] It shall be the duty 
 of the parish superintendent to conductor superintend in person 
 
34 TEACHERS. 
 
 the examination of all persons offering themselves as candidates; 
 for position of teachers of the common schools of his parish 
 (except in cities and towns organized as one district by special 
 act of the General Assembly ; except also, when the applicant 
 holds a certificate entitling him to teach without further exam- 
 ination, as provided for in this act), in regard to their moral 
 character, learning and ability to teach. For any violation of this 
 duty he shall be liable to a fine of not less than twenty dollars, 
 nor more than fifty dollars. The school board of the parish shall 
 appoint a committee of two competent persons to assist him (the 
 parish superintendent) in making these examinations. The 
 superintendent and the committee must agree as to competency 
 of the applicant before a certificate can be issued. Whenever 
 two or more teachers apply for the same position or positions a 
 competitive examination shall be held, and the position or posi- 
 tions shall be given to the most competent. 
 
 SEC. 75. [Examination Fee.] Before being examined, each 
 applicant for a certificate to teach shall pay a fee of one dollar 
 for the parish institute fund, which shall be returned to him if a 
 certificate be not issued to him. 
 
 SEC. 76. [Examiners; Duties and Penalties for Non-Perform- 
 ance.] Before the examiners shall commence their examina- 
 tion of teachers, they shall take an oath that they will faithfully 
 discharge their duties $ they shall not give to any person a cer- 
 tificate before they will have -examined the candidate touching 
 his or her qualifications and fitness to teach, and who is not 
 qualified to teach as required by the common school law. They 
 shall be satisfied that the applicant is possessed of good moral 
 character; if at any time the teacher be found incompetent, 
 inefficient or unworthy of the endorsement given him, the parish 
 superintendent may revoke the same and notify the board of his 
 action for its approval or disapproval. Any teacher may be 
 discharged at any time under the above provisions, but he shall 
 be entitled to receive payment for services only up to the time 
 of such dismissal. 
 
TEACHERS. 35 
 
 SEC. 77. [Third Grade Certificate.] To obtain a third grade 
 certificate the applicant must be found competent to teach spell- 
 ing, reading, primary mental arithmetic, rudiments of practical 
 arithmetic through fractions and simple interest, elementary 
 geography, primary language lessons and laws of health. 
 
 SEC. 78. [Second Grade Certificate.] To obtain a second 
 grade certificate the applicant must be found competent to teach 
 arithmetic, geography, English grammar and composition, 
 United States history, elements of natural philosophy and 
 elements of physiology. 
 
 SEC. 79. [First Grade Certificate.] To obtain a high school 
 or first grade certificate the applicant must be found competent 
 to teach elocution, spelling, grammar, rhetoric and literature, 
 history, botany, philosophy, arithmetic, algebra, geography and 
 geometry, and such other studies of high grade as local boards 
 may deem necessary. A special certificate of this grade may 
 issue on a satisfactory examination in the study or studies to 
 be taught in any special academic department, which shall 
 entitle the holder to special appointment in a department where 
 such studies may be taught. 
 
 SEC. 80. [Certificate, a Requisite to Employment] No per- 
 son shall be appointed to teach who has not obtained a license 
 for the scholastic year in which the school is to be taught, and 
 of a grade sufficiently high to meet the requirements of the 
 school, or unless he or she holds a certificate provided for by 
 this act, which exempts him or her from examination ; provided, 
 that all teachers who have been teaching since three years are 
 exempt from further examination. 
 
 SEC. 81. [Additional Requirement] No certificate shall be 
 granted hereafter to any new applicant to teach in the public 
 schools of Louisiana, who has not passed a satisfactory examina- 
 tion in the study of the nature of alcoholic drinks and narcotics, 
 and of their effects upon the human system, in connection with 
 the several divisions of the subject of relative physiology and 
 hygiene. 
 
-36 TEACHERS. 
 
 SEC. 82. [Certificate to be Filed by the Teacher.] Each 
 teacher of any school in this State supported wholly or in part 
 from public money, shall, before receiving any remuneration for 
 services rendered in said capacity, file a certificate with the 
 person by whom such payments are authorized to be made, to 
 the effect that such teacher has faithfully complied with all the 
 provisions of this act during the entire period for which such 
 payment is sought and in the manner specified in this act, and 
 no money shall be paid to any such teacher who has not filed 
 such a certificate. 
 
 SEC. 83. [Exception in Regard to State and Peabody Normal 
 Diplomas.] Diplomas conferred by the Peabody Normal School, 
 located at Nashville, Tennessee, upon graduates of that in- 
 stitution, shall entitle them to a first grade teacher's certificate, 
 valid in any town or parish of this State for four years from the 
 date of graduation, at the expiration of which time it may be 
 renewed by the State Board of Education upon satisfactory 
 evidence of the ability, progress, and moral character of the 
 teacher making application for such renewal. 
 
 SEC. 84. Teacher's Register and Monthly Report] It shall 
 be the duty of each teacher of a common school to keep such a 
 register of the school as the parish superintendent may require, 
 and prior to receiving his or her monthly salary at the end of 
 <?ach month, he or she shall make a report of the entire number 
 of pupils enrolled ; the highest, lowest and average number of 
 pupils in attendance during the session ; the books used, 
 branches taught, number of pay pupils, if any, and such other 
 information as the parish superintendent may deem important, 
 and shall furnish a copy of such report to the parish superin- 
 tendent, and if he or she willfully neglect or fail to do this the 
 parish superintendent shall withhold two dollars ($2) of his 
 salary due for the benefit of the parish institute. 
 
 SEC. 85. [Accountability of Pupils to Teachers.] The teach- 
 ers shall faithfully enforce in school the course of study 
 and the regulations prescribed in pursuance of law, and if any 
 
REVENUE. 
 
 37 
 
 teacher shall willfully refuse or neglect to comply with such 
 requisitions, the parish superintendent, on petition or complaint 
 which shall be deemed sufficient by the board, may remove or 
 dismiss him or her. Every teacher shall have the power and 
 authority to hold every pupil to a strict accountability in school 
 for any disorderly conduct on the play grounds of the school or 
 during intermission or recess, and to suspend from school any 
 pupil for good cause ; provided, however, that such suspension 
 shall be reported in writing as soon as practicable to the parish 
 superintendent, whose decision of the case shall be final ; and, 
 provided further, that in the parish of Orleans the principals of 
 schools shall suspend and report same to the superintendent for 
 approval or further action. 
 
 V. REVENUE. 
 
 86. IS. 53, A. 81, 1888.] Apportion- 
 
 ment of current school fund by 
 the State Superintendent. 
 
 87. [S. 54, A. 81, 1888.] Police ju- 
 
 ries and municipal corpora- 
 tions, except New Orleans, to 
 levy 1| mills for school pur- 
 poses in their annual budget. 
 
 88. \_S. 55, A. 81, 1888 ] Fines and 
 
 bonds forfeited to be collected 
 for the support of the common 
 schools. 
 
 89. [& 1, A. 126, 1882.] Special tax 
 
 for public improvements ; how 
 levied. 
 
 90. IS. 3, A. 126, 1882.] Advertise- 
 
 ment of the result of election 
 voting a special tax. 
 
 POLL TAX. 
 
 91. IS. 1, A 120, 1880 ] Poll tax; 
 
 amount ; upon whom levied. 
 
 92. [S. 2, A. 120, 1880.] Poll tax 
 
 operates as a lieu or privilege. 
 
 93. IS. 4, J. 120, 1880.] The collector 
 
 of the poll tax to keep a record 
 of taxes collected. 
 
 94. IS. 5, A. 120, 1880.] Quarterly 
 
 settlements to be made by the 
 collector. 
 
 95. IS. 6, A. 120. 1880.] -How col- 
 
 lector's quietus is obtained. 
 
 96. [. 1, A. 89, 1888.] Duty of as- 
 
 sessor in listing poll tax pay- 
 ers, and penalty for non-per- 
 formance. 
 
 97. \_S. 2, A. 89, 1888.] -Sheriffs to 
 
 return to the parish school 
 boards a list of all persons who 
 have paid poll taxes. 
 
 98. [S. 3, A. 89, 1888.] Penalty for 
 
 sheriff's failure to show cause 
 for non-collection of tax. 
 
 99. [S. 4, A. 89, 1888.] The sheriff 
 
 may be compelled to show 
 cause for not collecting. 
 
 100. 1$. 1, A. 87, 1886.] Poll tax re- 
 
 ceipt requisite to receiving wit- 
 ness or juror's compensation. 
 
 101. [_S 2, A. 87, 1886.] -Deduction 
 
 of witness and juror's compen- 
 sation for poll tax. 
 
 102. [S. 3, A 87, 1886.] Clerk of the 
 
REVENUE. 
 
 Y. RE VENUE Continued. 
 
 court to notify the tax col- 
 lector of such deductions. 
 
 103. IS. 1, J.56, 1894.] Collection of 
 
 the poll tax of Orleans vested 
 in the city treasurer. 
 
 SALE OF SCHOOL LANDS. 
 
 104. \_S. 2958, R. S., 1869.] School 
 
 lands : their sales ; how to be 
 made ; duty of the parish treas- 
 urer. 
 
 105. [S. 2959, It. S., 1869] -Survey 
 
 of school lauds. 
 
 106. [5. 2960, R. S., 1869 ] Sale on 
 
 the order of the State Auditor. 
 
 107. [S. 1, A. 168, 1894.] Sale of un- 
 
 habitable lands. 
 
 108. \_S. 2, A. 168, 1894.] Sale con- 
 
 ducted like other sales. 
 109 IS. 2966, R 5, 1869.] Sale of 
 sections divided by parish lines 
 
 110. [S. 2660, R. S., 1869 ] Trea- 
 
 surer's commission in sales. 
 
 111. [5.2962, R.S., 1869.] -Lease of 
 
 school lands. 
 
 112. [5. 2964, R. S., 1869.] Proceeds 
 
 of lands accruing to townships. 
 
 113. [S. 2965, R. S., 1869.] Mode of 
 
 annulling sales. 
 
 114. \8. 1, A. 57, 1884. -Duty of Au- 
 
 ditor to provide for the collec- 
 tion of notes given in payment 
 of the sixteenth sections 
 
 115. IS. 2, A. 57, 1884.] -Duty of par- 
 
 ish treasurer in collecting said 
 notes. 
 
 116. [S. 3, A. 57, 1884.] -Duty of dis- 
 
 trict attorney or other attorney 
 selected by school board to col- 
 lect said notes ; mode of pro- 
 ceeding in such collection. 
 
 117. IS. 4, A. 57, 1884.]-Attomey'a 
 
 compensation 
 
 118. IKea. 96, 1886-.] -Duty of the 
 
 Auditor in fixing the capital 
 due the townships. 
 
 119. IS. 1, A. 14, 1882.] Penalty for 
 
 trespass on sixteenth section 
 lands. 
 
 120. IS. 2, A. 14, 1882.] Same. 
 
 DONATIONS. 
 
 121 \_S. 1, A. 124, 1882.] Donations, 
 inter vivos and mortis causa, au- 
 thorized. 
 
 122. [S. 2, A. 124, 1882 ] Conditions 
 
 the donor may impose. 
 
 123. \_S. 3, A. 124, 1882.] -Proviso, 
 
 property cannot be made in- 
 alienable. 
 
 124. [5. 4, J.124, 1882.] Trustees to 
 
 organize in a body corporate. 
 
 125. IS. 5, A. 124, 1882.] When 
 
 trustees fail to accept, the Gov- 
 ernor may appoint others. 
 
 126. [S.6,A. 124, 1882.] Duty of the 
 
 trustees. 
 
 127. [5.7, A. 124, 1882.] Duty of the 
 
 trustees in accepting and ad- 
 ministering other donations, 
 mortis causa or inter vivos. 
 
 128. [5. 8, A. 124, 1882. 1- Substitu- 
 
 tions fidei commisscp or trust dis- 
 position not to apply under 
 this act. 
 
 129. IS. 6, A. 173, 1894.] Disposition 
 
 of funds of towns on the recis- 
 sion of their charters. 
 
 130. [5. 1, A. 103, 1880.] Proscrip- 
 
 tion of debts, etc. 
 
 SEC. 86. [Apportionment of Current School Fund.] The. State 
 Superintendent of Public Education shall quarterly, on the 
 first Monday in March, June, September and December, in each 
 
REVENUE. 39 
 
 year, apportion the funds appropriated by the General Assembly 
 for the support of the common schools of the State, among the 
 several parishes of the State, according to the number of children 
 between the ages of six and eighteen years in each parish ; pro- 
 vided, however, that all the poll tax collected in any parish shall 
 be appropriated to said parish. The amount so apportioned 
 shall be paid by the State Treasurer to the school treasurer of 
 each parish upon the warrant of the State Superintendent of 
 Public Education. 
 
 SEC. 87. [Police Jury and Municipal Tax.] The police jurors 
 of the several parishes, and the boards of trustees, aldermen, and 
 legal representatives of cities, towns and villages (except the 
 parish of Orleans), may levy for the support of the common 
 schools of their respective parishes, not less than one and a half 
 mills of the ten mills tax on the dollar of the assessed valuation 
 of the property thereof. This shall be provided for in their 
 annual budgets. On the refusal or neglect to levy said tax or to 
 vote for such levy, the parish school board shall have the right, 
 and it shall be its duty, to compel by mandamus, which may be 
 tried in chambers or in open court, the levy of said tax to be 
 collected as in case of parish and corporation taxes, and shall be 
 paid to the school treasury of the parish or town where collected, 
 monthly, by the tax collector j provided, towns not exempted 
 under their charters from the payment of parish taxes, and sub- 
 jected to the burden of taxation as the parishes are, shall not pay 
 this tax, for same is included in the taxes imposed by the parish 
 in which the town is situated. 
 
 SEC. 88. [Bonds and Fines.] All fines imposed by the sov- 
 eral district courts for violation of law and the amount collected 
 on all forfeited bonds in criminal cases, after deducting commit 
 sions, shall be paid over by the sheriff of the parish in which the 
 same are imposed and collected, to the treasurers of the school 
 boards in said parishes, and shall be applied to the support of 
 the common schools, as are applied to other funds levied for the 
 purpose (the parish of Orleans excepted.) 
 
40 REVENUE. 
 
 SEC. 80.* [Special Tax ; How Levied.] Whenever one-tenth 
 of the property tax payers of any parish, city, incorporated town 
 or municipality in this State shall petition the police jury, city,, 
 town or municipal authorities to levy an increased rate of taxa- 
 tion for the purpose of constructing public buildings, bridges 
 without draws and works of public improvements in such parish, 
 city, town or municipality, the said police jury, city, town or 
 municipal authorities shall order a special election for that pur- 
 pose, and shall submit to a vote of the property tax payers of 
 such parish, city, town or municipality entitled to vote under the 
 election laws of the State, the rate of taxation and the purpose 
 for which it is intended : provided, that said election be held 
 under the general election laws of the State at that time in force,, 
 and at the polling places at which the last preceding general 
 election was held, and not sooner than twenty days after the 
 official publication of the petition and ordinance ordering the 
 election, which shall be made in the same manner provided by 
 law for judicial advertisement. 
 
 SEC. -90. [Publication.] The publication of the result of 
 said election shall be made by ten days advertisement imme- 
 diately thereafter, and the police juries, city, town and municipal 
 authorities shall have the same power to enforce the collection of 
 any special tax that may be authorized by said election as by 
 law provided for the collection of other taxes. 
 
 POLL TAX. 
 
 SEC. 91. [Poll Tax ; Amount ; Upon Whom Levied.] In pur- 
 suance to the requirements and authorization of Art. 208 of 
 the Constitution of the State, a poll tax of one dollar per capita 
 shall be and is hereby levied, annually, upon eacJi male inhab- 
 itant of the State over the age of twenty-one years, said tax to 
 be due and payable on and after the first day in January in each 
 . year. 
 
 *SECTION 89. The law authorizes the levy of special tax for the erectioii of public build- 
 ings and other improvements. 
 
 A school house is a puWic building for the free public schools, and it certainly is a public 
 impiovenieut. 
 
REVENUE. 41 
 
 SEC. 92. [Operates as a Lien and Privilege.] The said poll 
 tax shall operate as a first privilege and lien on all real and 
 personal property, of whatever kind, which may be owned by, or 
 to which the said tax payer may have any right, for the year he 
 may owe the tax, and such privilege shall continue to exist 
 thereon into whatever hands such property or right may pass 
 and shall not be prescribed, and the collector of such tax shall 
 have the right at any time after such tax shall be payable, and 
 after the first day of January in each year, to seize any such 
 property or rights, and to cause the same to be sold, after ten 
 days' notice given, the same as in notices of sale under execution^ 
 to pay the said tax and the costs of seizure and sale, which costs 
 shall not exceed five dollars in each case. 
 
 SEC. 93. [Book to be Kept by the Collector.] The collector 
 of the poll tax shall keep a book in which he shall enter the tax 
 as paid. He shall, in said book, give the name of the party pay- 
 ing or for whom the tax is paid, the date of the payment, and by 
 whom paid, and the amount paid, which entry shall be made 
 when the payment is made, or within three days after the pay- 
 ment, and all payments so made shall be entered in such book 
 made previous to any day of settlement; and at each settle- 
 ment the collector shall make affidavits to the above require- 
 ments. 
 
 SEC. 94. [Quarterly Settlements by the Collector.] The col- 
 lector of said poll tax shall make settlements for every three 
 mouths, counting from the first day of January in each year, 
 with the authority, authorized by law, to settle with him therefor 
 in each parish. 
 
 SEC. 95.* [How Collector's Quietus is to be Obtained.] The 
 collector of the poll tax, or his securities, shall not be released 
 from their responsibility for the collection of such tax or have a 
 quietus therefor until he shall satisfy the parish school board, or 
 other school authority of the parish, created under and according 
 
 * "To obtain his discharge, au officer should obtain a clear receipt from the board of school 
 directors, in so far as he has incuirtd any responsibility a* an officer in which the said board is 
 concerned. 33d Ann. 709; State ex rcl. vs. Shcrif. 
 
42 REVENUE. 
 
 to Article 225 of the Constitution that the same cannot be col- 
 lected, and such collector shall account for all moneys collected 
 by him as poll tax for the year. A final settlement of such poll 
 tax shall be made by the collector each year, on or before the 
 thirty-first day of December. 
 
 SEC. 96. [Collection of the Poll Tax. j The assessors are 
 hereby required to render to the school boards of their respective 
 parishes, annually, by the first Saturday of October, a complete 
 schedule list, by wards, of all persons liable to pay a poll tax in 
 their respective parishes. If any assessor fails to comply with 
 the requirement of this act, the failure shall be cause for removal j 
 besides, he shall be subject to a fine of $250, for the benefit of 
 the public schools in the parish in which the delinquent officer 
 resides, and in which he is the assessor. In the city of ]S"ew 
 Orleans the board of assessors shall comply with the requirement 
 of this act, and in the event of failure, shall be subject to dis- 
 missal and penalty as before provided. 
 
 SEC. 97. [Returns of Collections.] The sheriffs and tax 
 collectors in their respective parishes shall return, by the first 
 Saturday of February, of each and every year, to the school 
 boards of their respective parishes, a list predicated upon the list 
 before mentioned by wards, showing all persons in the parishes 
 respectively, who have paid their poll tax, as well as persons 
 who have not paid the same, and shall return their reasons in 
 writing and under oath, the cause in each instance of the non- 
 payment of a poll tax, and why they have not collected the tax 
 not collected. 
 
 SEC. 98. [Penalties.] If the said sheriff or tax collector 
 fails to show cause why the said poll tax has not been collected, 
 he shall be responsible for and shall pay the poll taxes he has 
 failed to collect, and shall be held liable with his securities on his 
 official bond for the payment of said tax. 
 
 SEC. 99. [Rule for Non-Compliance.] The sheriff can be 
 made to show cause why the said poll tax has not been collected, 
 
REVENUE. 43 
 
 at chambers, before the district judge, after service of rule- and 
 three days have elapsed after service. 
 
 SEC. 100. [Receipt for the Poll Tax.] Before persons serv- 
 ing as jurors or as witnesses in criminal cases shall receive the 
 compensation to which they are entitled for their mileage and 
 per diem, they shall exhibit to the clerk of the court a receipt for 
 the poll tax or taxes due by them. 
 
 SEC. 101. [Deduction of Witnesses' and Jurors' Compensation, 
 for Poll Tax.] On their failure to produce such receipt the 
 clerk of the court, or other officer, issuing certificates or warrants 
 for their mileage andjper diem, shall issue certificates or warrants 
 for amount less the poll tax due, and shall issue the certificate 
 or warrants for amount so reserved for poll tax, to the treasurer 
 of the school board of the parish, who shall collect same. 
 
 SEC. 102. [Report by the Clerk of Court.] The clerk of 
 court or other officer, issuing such certificates or warrants, shall 
 report to the tax collector of the parish the names of all persons 
 from whom he has reserved amounts for poll tax, and the tax 
 collector shall give such person credit for such poll tax. 
 
 SEC. 103. [Poll Tax Collections of Orleans.] The collection 
 of poll taxes in the parish of Orleans, together with all the pro- 
 cesses, commissions and obligations incident thereto as now 
 provided by law, are vested in the treasurer of the city of New 
 Orleans. 
 
 SALE OF SCHOOL LANDS. 
 
 SEC. 104. [Election.] It shall be the duty of the parish 
 treasurers of the several parishes in this State to have taken the 
 sense of the inhabitants of the township, to which they may 
 belong, any lands heretofore reserved and appropriated by Con- 
 gress for the use of schools, whether or not the same shall be 
 sold, and the proceeds invested as authorized by an act of Con- 
 gress approved February 15, 1843. Polls shall be opened and 
 held in each township, after advertisement, for thirty days at 
 three of the most public places in the town, and at the courthouse 
 
44 REVENUE. 
 
 door, and the sense of the legal voters therein shall be taken 
 within the usual hours, and in the usual manner of holding 
 elections, which elections shall be held and votes received by a 
 member of the parish school board or a justice of the peace ; and 
 if a majority of the legal voters be in favor of selling the school 
 lands therein, the same may be sold, but not otherwise. The 
 result of all such elections shall be transmitted to the parish 
 treasurer, and by him to the State Superintendent. 
 
 SEC. 105. [Survey.] Before making sale of the school lands 
 belonging to the State, it shall be the duty of the parish treasurer, 
 or other persons whose duty it may become to superintend the 
 sales, to cause a re- survey of such lines as from any cause may 
 have become obliterated or uncertain ; and for this purpose he is 
 authorized to employ the parish surveyor, or on his default, any 
 competent surveyor ; and the lines thus surveyed shall be marked 
 in such manner as to enable those interested to make a thorough 
 examination before sale, and all advertisements made for the 
 sale of such lands shall contain a full description thereof accord- 
 ing to the original survey and that required by this section. 
 The expenses of the survey shall be paid by the Auditor of Pub- 
 lic Accounts out of the proceeds of the sale of the lands on the 
 warrants of the parish treasurer. 
 
 SEC. 106. [Sale on the Order of the Auditor.] If the ma- 
 jority of the votes taken in a township shall give their assent to 
 the sale of the lands aforesaid, the parish treasurer shall forth- 
 with notify the Auditor of Public Accounts of the vote thus 
 taken, and upon his order, the said lands shall be sold by the 
 parish treasurer, at public auction, before the courthouse door, 
 by the sheriff or an auctioneer to be employed by the treasurer 
 at his expense, to the highest bidder, in quantities not less than 
 40 acres, nor more than 160, after having been previously 
 appraised by three sworn appraisers, selected by the parish 
 treasurer and recorder of the parish, after thirty (30) days' adver- 
 tisement, but in no case at a less sum than the appraised value, 
 payable on a credit of ten years, as follows : ten per cent in cash 
 
REVENUE. 45 
 
 and the balance in nine annual installments, the interest to be 
 paid on the whole amount, annually, at the rate of eight per cent 
 per annum; the notes shall be made payable to the Auditor of 
 Public Accounts, secured by special mortgage on the laud sold, 
 and personal security in solido, until final payment of principal 
 and interest ; in the event of the purchaser neglecting or refusing 
 to pay any of these installments or interest at maturity, the 
 mortgage shall be forthwith closed, and . the parish treasurer is 
 hereby authorized to advertise and sell the land as before pro- 
 Tided for, and further authorized and required to execute all acts 
 of sale on behalf of the State for any such lands sold, to receive 
 the cash payment and notes given for the purchase, which shall 
 be made payable to the State Treasurer, and to place the same 
 in the office of the Auditor of Public Accounts, for collection ; all 
 cash received 7 either for principal or interest, from said sales 
 shall be transmitted by him to the State Treasurer, and any 
 moneys thus received into the State treasury from sales aforesaid 
 shall bear interest at the rate of six per cent per annum, and be 
 credited to the township to which the same belongs according to 
 the provisions of the act of Congress. The parish treasurer shall 
 forthwith notify the State Superintendent of the result of all sales 
 made by him. The parish treasurer shall be authorized to 
 receive the whole amount bid for the lands, deducting the eight 
 per cent interest which the credits will bear. 
 
 SEC. 107. [Sale of Unhabitable Lands.] All sixteenth sec- 
 tion lands located in a township not habitable by reason of the 
 land being swamp or sea marsh, the school board nf the parish 
 in which such lands are located may present an application for 
 sale of such sixteenth section land lo the Auditor of Public 
 Accounts, in which they shall set forth the location of the town- 
 ship, its character and the reason upon which a sale is desired 
 and upon receipt of such application duly signed by the president 
 and secretary thereof, the Auditor may authorize the sale, if in 
 his judgment a sale should be made. 
 
 SEC. 108. [Sale Conducted in the Same Manner as Others.] 
 In case a sale is ordered as provided for in section one of this act, 
 
46 REVENUE. 
 
 the parish treasurer shall make such sale in the same manner,, 
 and upon the terms and conditions as is now provided by law 
 for the sale of sixteenth section lands $ provided this act shall 
 not apply to sixteenth sections now leased to parties for a term 
 of years. 
 
 SEC. 109. [Sale of Sections Divided by Parish Lines.] When 
 the sixteenth section of any township is divided by a parish 
 line, the treasurer of the parish in which a greater portion of 
 the section may lie, shall proceed to take the sense of the people 
 of the township, and to sell the same as provided by law, as if 
 the whole section lay in his parish ; provided, that the same shall 
 be advertised at the courthouse of both parishes. 
 
 SEC. 110. [Treasurer's Commission.] Parish treasurers of 
 the several parishes shall be entitled to retain out of the pro- 
 ceeds of the sale of sixteenth sections effected by them a per- 
 centage of 2J 011 the amount of said sales, to be deducted from 
 the cash payment, and the same shall be in full compensation 
 of their services. 
 
 SEC. 111. [Lease of School Lands.] Should a majority of 
 the legal votes be against the sale of the lands, then it shall be 
 the duty of the parish board of directors, where the same may 
 be situated, to secure them from injury and waste, and prevent 
 illegal possession or aggression of any kind, and in conjunction 
 with the parish treasurer to lease the same, or any part thereof, 
 for a term not exceeding four years, according to the provisions 
 of the second section of the act of Congress aforesaid, and to 
 inform the Superintendent thereof. 
 
 SEC. 112. [Proceeds of Lands Accruing to Townships.] All 
 moneys that have been or may be hereafter received into the State 
 treasury, and the interest that has or may accrue thereon from 
 the sale of any sixteenth section of school lands or the school 
 land warrants belonging to the various townships in the State, 
 shall be placed to the credit of the township, and should the 
 people of any township desire to receive for the use of the schools 
 therein, the annual interest payable by the State on funds depos- 
 
REVENUE. 47 
 
 ited to their credit, or the annual proceeds of the loan, the parish 
 treasurer shall, on the petition of five legal voters in any such 
 township, order an election to be held in the township, as 
 provided for the sale of township lands ; and if a majority of 
 any number of votes above seven be in favor of receiving 
 annually the accruing interest as aforesaid, the same shall be 
 paid to the treasurer of the parish for the use of the townships 
 or districts ; otherwise the interest shall be an accumulated 
 fund to their credit until so called for. 
 
 SEC. 113. [Mode of Annulling Sales.] In all cases of the 
 sale of the school lands known as sixteenth sections, heretofore 
 made, where the purchase money has not been paid, the pur- 
 chaser or purchasers shall have the right to annul the sale 
 upon application to the district court of the parish where the 
 land is situated 5 provided, that the judgment of nullity shall be 
 obtained at the cost of the applicant and contradictorily with 
 the district attorney, in conjunction with the school directors 
 of the district in which said laud is situated, who shall be made 
 a party defendant in such suit; provided, also, that it shall 
 appear upon the hearing that the value of the land has not 
 been impaired by any ict of the purchaser ; and provided fur- 
 ther, that nothing in this act shall be so construed as to entitle 
 the said purchaser to repayment of any p irt of the purchase 
 money already paid. 
 
 SEC. 114. [Auditor's Duty in the Collection of Notes.] It 
 shall be the duty of the Auditor of Public Accounts, immediately 
 on the passage of this act, to forward for .collection to the treas- 
 urer of the school board in their respective parishes throughout 
 the State, all the notes given for the purchase price of sixteenth 
 sections, or an y pa.rt thereof, known as free school lands, when - 
 ever any installment of said purchase price has become due or 
 may become due, and it shall be the duty of said treasurer of 
 parish school board to receive and receipt for same. 
 
 SEC. 115. [Parish Treasurer's Duty in the Collection of Notes.] 
 It shall be the duty of the treasurer of the parish school 
 
48 REYENUF. 
 
 board, ou receipt of the notes due and given for the said six- 
 teenth sections, to immediately notify the principal and his 
 sureties, in writing, of the amount of said note, principal and 
 interest, due and unpaid $ provided, said lands for which said 
 notes were given are still in possession of the original purchaser, 
 and it in the possession of other parties, such possessor shall 
 also be likewise notified of all the demands, principal and 
 interest, against said lands, and if all the demands against the 
 same be not satisfied within thirty days from said notice, it shall 
 be the duty of the treasurer of the parish school board to turn 
 over said notes to the district attorney for said district, or other 
 attorney selected by the school board, for suit: and, provided 
 further, that said notice shall serve as a bar to prescription, 
 which shall only begin to run from the service of said notice. 
 
 SEC. 116. [Attorney's Duty in the Collection of Notes.] It 
 shall be the duty of the said attorney to proceed without delay, 
 by all necessary legal processes, and without depositing clerk's 
 or sheriff's costs, or giving security therefor, to collect all such 
 notes as may be turned over to him by said treasurer of the 
 parish school board, and given for sixteenth sections, known as 
 free school lands, and if any of the conservatory writs should be 
 found to be necessary in order to aid in said collection, it shall 
 be lawful to issue the same, without giving bond as required in 
 other cases. 
 
 SEC. 117. [Attorney's Compensation.] The said attorney shall 
 receive ten per cent of all money collected by him on notes 
 given for sixteenth sections, and after deducting said ten per 
 cent he shall turn over the remainder to the treasurer of the 
 school funds for the parish in which said lands are situated, 
 and the same shall be transmitted through the Auditor ot 
 Accounts, by said treasurer, to the State Treasurer; and any 
 moneys thus received into the State Treasury from said collec- 
 tions shall bear interest at the rate of tour per cent per annum, 
 and be credited to the township to which the same belongs, 
 according to the provisions of the Act of Congress. 
 
REVENUE. 49 
 
 SEC. 118. [Duty of the Auditor in Fixing Capital Due the 
 Townships.} It shall be the duty of the Auditor of Public Ac- 
 counts, by the 1st day of January, 1887, to ascertain the amount 
 of capital that may be due the several townships from the pro- 
 ceeds of the sales of sixteenth sections, made since the 1st of 
 January, 1880. and actually paid into the State Treasury. The 
 amount thus ascertained shall be the capital upon which interest 
 shall be thereafter allowed and paid out of the interest collected 
 on the said bonds to the townships, the sixteenth sections of 
 which have been sold since the 1st of January, 1880, and the 
 proceeds actually paid into the State Treasury, and the proceeds 
 so paid invested as required by law. 
 
 In calculating the interest due the several townships, no 
 interest shall be allowed for fractious of the year during which 
 the receipts shall have come into the treasury; but it shall com- 
 mence at the beginning or the 1st of January of the next year. 
 The interest due upon the capital ascertained as aforesaid, 
 and the interest due upon subsequent sales, shall be p lid to the 
 townships in the manner now provided for by law. It shall be 
 the duty of the Auditor to furnish the Treasurer and Superin- 
 tendent of Public Education with a statement of the amount due 
 each township. 
 
 SEC. 119. [Trespass on Sixteenth Sections.] Whoever sha 1 
 cut down, or remove for sale for his own use, or the use of 
 another, any timber on any free school land in this State, 
 belonging to the State, known as sixteenth sections, shall be 
 deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be 
 condemned to pay a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one 
 thousand dollars, and in detault of the same, be sentenced to 
 imprisonment not less than ten days nor more than one year. 
 
 SEC. 120. [Same.] Whoever shall knowingly use, cultivate 
 or inclose any free school land, known as the sixteenth section, 
 without authority from the parish board of school directors, shall 
 on conviction be condemned to pay a fine Of not less than fifty 
 nor more than one thousand dollars, and in default of the same 
 
Oil 
 
 50 REVENUE. 
 
 be sentenced to imprisonment for not less than ten days nor 
 more than one year. 
 
 DONATIONS. 
 
 SEC. 121. [Donations Authorized.] Any one can make a 
 donation of any description of property and to any amount to 
 trustees lor educational, charitable or literary purposes, or for 
 the benefit of educational, charitable or literary institutions 
 whether already existing, or thereafter to be founded. 
 
 SEC. 122. [Conditions the Donor May Impose.] The donor 
 shall have the right to prescribe the number of trustees ; the 
 causes for wliich the trustees shall cease to be such ; the manner 
 in which vacancies shall be filled and the manner and formalities 
 the trustees shall follow in transacting business. 
 
 SEC. 123. [Property Cannot he Made Inalienable.] The donor 
 shall have the right to prescribe the manner in which the 
 property donated shall be administered, and the objects to which 
 it or any part thereof, or the revenues thereof, shall be applied ^ 
 provided, however, that property donated cannot be made 
 inalienable j but the donor thereof shall have the right to pre- 
 scribe in what manner and under what circumstances the 
 trustees shall be empowered to sell the same, or any portion 
 thereof, or to change any investment once made. 
 
 SEC. 124. [Trustees to Organize in a Body Corporate.] The 
 trustees named in the act of donation and their successors or 
 substitutes, or such of them as are willing and may accept the 
 trust, shall, upon complying with the laws of this State, relative 
 to the organization of corporations for literary, scientific, relig- 
 ious and charitable purposes, constitute a body corporate with 
 the power of continuous succession and unlimited duration, and 
 with all the powers conferred upon corporations by said law or 
 by custom ; provided, however, that the-requirem ut of said law,, 
 as to the number of persons necessary for the formation of a 
 corporation, shall not apply to such trustees ; and, provided 
 
 further, that if any of the trustees will not or cannot accept the 
 
 i 
 
REVENUE. Ol 
 
 trust, then such of those named as are willing, may accept, and, 
 in the manner prescribed in the act of donation, proceed to fill 
 the vacancies up to the required number. 
 
 SEC. 125. [When Trustees Fail to Accept, the Governor May 
 Appoint Others.] Whenever there is an entire failure of the 
 trustees to accept, the Governor of the State may name a number 
 of persons equal to the number named by the donor, and who 
 shall till the places of, and be vested with all the powers con- 
 ferred upon the trustees by said donor. 
 
 SEC. 126. [Duty of the Trustees.] The board, of trustees 
 shall administer the property entrusted to them in conformity 
 with the directions contained in the act of donation, and shall 
 have all the powers needed in sach administration; but can- 
 not mortgage nor encumber the donated property, except 
 as may be prescribed in the act of donation. And said trustees 
 shall not be entitled to any remuneration for their services, 
 unless expressly granted in the act of donation. 
 
 SEC. 127. [Duty of Trustees Respecting Other Donations.] 
 Said board of trustees shall have the power to accept and admin- 
 ister other donations mortis causa or inter vivos from the., same 
 or other, and to apply the same as may be prescribed in the 
 subsequent act of donations. The administration of such sub- 
 sequent act of donations, to be governed by the directions con- 
 tained in the subsequent act of donation. 
 
 SEC. 128. [Fidei Commissae.] The provisions contained in the 
 Revised Civil Code, or other laws of the State relative to substi- 
 tiousfidei commissar- or trust dispositions, shall not be deemed to 
 apply to, or in any manner affect donations made for the purposes 
 and in the manner provided by this act, and all laws or parts of 
 laws conflicting with the provisions of this act, are repealed in 
 so far as regards the purposes of this' act, but not otherwise. 
 
 SEC. 129. [Disposition of Funds of Towns on the Recission 
 of Their Charters.} If after paying all the debts of said town 
 
 ''' (upon the dissolution and recission of its charter) there shall 
 
 
 
 . 
 
52 SCHOOLS. 
 
 remain any balance of money, the same shall be turned over to 
 the School Board of the parish to be used in the education of the 
 children of school age residing within the territory covered by 
 said town. 
 
 SEC. 130 [Prescription of Debts, Etc.] The term of pre- 
 scription of any and all debts, due to any charitable institution 
 in this State, and to 'any college fund, or any fund of any institu- 
 tion of learning, or to any fund bequeathed for charitable pur- 
 poses, for the purpose of distri nation to the poor or indigent, or for 
 purposes of education, and ol ill debts contracted by borrowing 
 the whole or part of any such funds, shall be thirty years,- pro- 
 vided, the debt is evidenced by writing. 
 
 VI. SCHOOLS. 
 
 131. IS. 10, A. 81, 1888.] Graded and 
 
 high schools: authorization to 
 be given by the State Boarl of 
 Education ; assessment of o;e 
 dollar to provide the common 
 schools with fuel 
 
 132. [S. 14, A. 81, 1888.] Branches 
 
 to be taught. 
 
 133. \_S. 1, A. 40, 1888.] Instruction 
 
 in hygiene and temperance. 
 
 134. \_S. 2, A. 40, 1888.] Text-books 
 shall give due attention to Mio 
 subject of alcoholic drinks :i : 1 
 
 their eft'ects upon the human 
 system. 
 
 135. [8.1 A. 52,1894.] Combination 
 
 with sectarian schools prohib- 
 ited. 
 
 136. [A'. 2, A. 52, 1894.] Penalty for 
 
 violation of the above regula- 
 tion. 
 
 137. [,S. 1, A. 93, 1892.] Legal koli- 
 
 138. [K. 1304. IL S., 1869.] Free pass- 
 
 age over streams for children. 
 
 139. [-S. 6, A. 70, 1882.] Limit of 
 
 .school attendance. 
 
 SEC. 131. [Graded anl Ztjh Schools.] The parish school 
 board shall have the i.-.tiiority to establish graded schools, and 
 to adopt such a system in that connection as may be necessary 
 to assure their success; central or high schools may be estab- 
 lished when necessary.* The ordinances establishing such schools 
 adopted by the parish school boards shall be submitted to the 
 State Board of Education, and no high school shall be opened 
 without its sanction, and no such school shall be established 
 
 ^SECTION 131. "He it R>sr>led, That the State Hoard of Education calls the attention of 
 the parish boards to the necessity of establishing high schools wherever the high grade of 
 students justifies it, as the State Board of Education believe that the establishment of a number 
 of high schools in the State will contribute powerfully to build np both the pnb'ic school ays- 
 t< in and colleges and universities.' 1 Proceedings, State Boird of Education, August 18, 1892. 
 
SCHOOLS. 53 
 
 unless the amount be donated for the site and suitable buildings 
 are provided for without any expense out of the school fundj 
 provided, that the boards of directors of the parish of Orleans 
 shall not require the sanction of the State Board for the pur- 
 poses aforesaid. The school boards shall have the authority to 
 assess and collect one dollar per annum from each family, sur- 
 viving parent or guardian, who actually sends a child or children 
 to the common schools of the district, to be collected in such 
 manner as said board shall determine, which amount shall be 
 used in providing the sciiool house with fuel and defraying the 
 expenses necessary for the comfort of the school. 
 
 SEC. 132. [Branches to be Taught.] The branches of or- 
 thography, reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, grammar, 
 United States history and laws of health and physical education 
 shall be taught in every district. In ad litiou to those, such 
 other branches as the State Board of Education and the parish 
 school board may require; provided, that these elementary 
 branches may be also taught in the French language in those 
 parishes in the State or localities in said parishes where, the 
 French language predominates, it no additional expense is 
 incurred. 
 
 SEC. 133. [Hygiene and Temperance.] In addition to the 
 branches, in which instrutiou is now given in the public schools, 
 instruction shall also be given as to the nature of alcoholic 
 drinks and narcotics, and special instruction as to their effects 
 upon the human system in connection with the several divisions 
 of the subject of relative physiology and hygiene, and such sub- 
 jects shall be taught as regularly as other branches are taught 
 in said schools. Such instruction shall be given orally from a 
 text book in the hand of the teacher, to pupils who are not able 
 to read, and shall be given by the use of textbooks in the hands 
 of the pupils in the case of those who are able to read, and such 
 instruction shall be given as aforesaid to all pupils in all public 
 schools in the State, to all the grades until completed in the high 
 schools. 
 
54 SCHOOLS. 
 
 SEC. 134. [Text Books.] The text books used for the instruc- 
 tion required to be given by the preceding section (referring to 
 the law in regard to the teaching of Hygiene and Temperance,) 
 shall give at least one-fourth of their space to the consideration 
 of the nature and effects of alcoholic drinks and narcotics; and 
 the books used in the highest grades of graded schools shall 
 contain at least twenty pages of matter relating to this subject. 
 
 Text books on physiology in use in the schools or at the time 
 this act takes effect, which are not in accordance with the 
 requirements of this section, except when previous contracts as 
 to such text books now in force. 
 
 SEC. 135. [Sectarian Schools.] The Boards of School Di, 
 rectors of the several parishes of this State are prohibited 
 from entering into any contract, agreement, understanding, or 
 combination, tacitly or expressly, directly or indirectly with any 
 church, monastic or other religious order or association of any 
 religious sect or denomination whatsoever, or with the repre- 
 sentatives thereof, for the purpose of running or to defray the 
 expenses for the running of any public school or schools of this 
 State, together in connection or in combination with any private 
 or parochial school or other institution of learning which may be 
 under the control, authority, supervision, administration or 
 management of any church, monastic, or other religious order or 
 association of any religious sect or denomination whatsoever. 
 
 SBC. 136. [Penalty.] The violation of the provisions of 
 this act by the Board of School Directors or any member thereof 
 shall be cause for their removal. 
 
 SEC. 137. [Days of Rest] The following shall be considered 
 as days of public re>t and legal holidays and half holidays in 
 this State, and no others, namely : Sundays, the first of January, 
 the eighth of January, the twenty-second of February, Good 
 Friday, the fourth of July, the first of November, the twenty- 
 fifth of December, Thanksgiving Day as designated by the Presi- 
 dent of the United States, and, in the parish of Orleans, Mardi- 
 Gras and the twenty-fifth of November, to be known as " Labor 
 Day." 
 
CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 55 
 
 SEC. 138. [Free Passage Over Streams for Pupils.] The free 
 right of passage or conveyance, over all public ferries, bridges 
 and roads (except the ferries of the Mississippi Kiver) which are 
 rented out by the State or parish, or over which the State or 
 parish exercises any control, or for which license is paid or toll 
 exacted, be and is hereby granted to all children on foot attend- 
 ing free public schools, and no tolls or fees shall be demanded 
 or exacted from said children by the keepers or attendants of 
 said ferries, bridges or roads in their passage to and from schools 
 between the hours of 7 o'clock A. M. and 9 o'clock A. M., and/owr 
 o'clock P. M. and six o'clock p. M. ; provided, that on Sundays 
 and holidays no scholar shall have the right to cross such ferries 
 bridges or roads on terms different from those of any ordinary 
 passenger. 
 
 SEC. 139. [Limit of Attendance in Charge of One Teacher.] No 
 school of IPSS than ten pupils shall be opened or maintained in 
 any locality j nor shall more than forty pupils be placed in 
 charge of any one teacher. 
 
 VII. CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 140. [S. 62, A. 81, 1888.] Board of 
 
 directors; how appointed; how 
 vacancies are filled. 
 
 141. [S. 1, A. 158, 1894, amending mid 
 
 re-enacting Section 63 of Act 81 of 
 1888.] Board of school direct- 
 ors : a body corporate ; quo- 
 rum ; legal process served on 
 the president or vice-president; 
 attorney; organization. Secre- 
 tary : must not be a member of. 
 the board ; duties and salary. 
 
 142. [S.64, J. 81, 1888.] -Additional 
 
 powers of the board of direct- 
 ors ; the adjustment of the sala- 
 ries of teachers, porters and 
 portresses ; limitation of annual 
 and monthly expenditures; 
 rules for competitive examina- 
 tions ; election of teachers from 
 
 among candidates holding cer- 
 tificates, and* graduates of nor- 
 mal schools ; regular monthly 
 meetings; vacating seats of 
 members of board for absence 
 from two successive meetings 
 and other causes; evening and 
 night schools ; normal schools. 
 
 143. \_S. 65, A. 81, 1888.] No com- 
 
 pensation allowed to directors. 
 
 144. [S. 2, A. 158, 1894.] Superin- 
 
 tendendent: his duties, pow- 
 ers, salary, and term of oftice. 
 
 145. IS. 1, A. 136, 1894.] School taxes 
 
 collected prior to 1880 to be 
 turned over to the Board of 
 Liquidation. 
 
 146. [S 2, A. 136, 1894.] Duty of 
 
 the board in certain cases. 
 
66 
 
 CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 VII. CITY SCHOOLS Continued. 
 
 147. [S. 3, A. 136, 1894.] Duty of the 
 
 Board of Liquidation. 
 
 148. [67, J.81, 1888.] City treas- 
 
 surer; ex-officio school treas- 
 urer; bond. 
 
 149. [ 68. A. 81, 1888.] Treasurer's 
 
 term of office ; removal ; elec- 
 tion of a successor. 
 
 150. IS. 69, A. 81, 1888. Mayor, treas- 
 
 urer, and comptroller of the 
 
 city of New Orleans, cx-officio- 
 members of the board ; cannot 
 vote. 
 
 151. IS. 70, A. 81, 1888.] Keport of 
 
 the board. 
 
 152. IS. 71, A. 81, 1888.] Budget of 
 
 expenses: what it shall include. 
 
 153. [S. 72, A. 81. 1888.] Provisions- 
 
 for affording proper evidence 
 of claim. 
 
 SEC. 140. [Orleans School Board.] All the public schools of 
 the parish of Orleans, and the property and appurtenances 
 thereof, shall be under the direction and control of a board of 
 directors. Said board shall consist of twenty members, eight 
 of whom shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the 
 consent and approval of the State board of education, and 
 twelve members thereof shall be elected by the city council of 
 New Orleans. The members of said board shall hold office 
 during four years after their appointment and election, except 
 as hereinafter provided, and until their successors are appointed 
 or elected and qualified. On the first organization of said board 
 by the members thereof, who shall be appointed and elected on 
 the passage hereof, and in the manner aforesaid, the members 
 shall be divided into four classes, by such method as they may 
 choose, each class to consist of three members, elected by the 
 city council and two members appointed by the Governor, by 
 and with the consent and approval of the State board of educa- 
 tion, whose terms shall expire respectively in one, two, three and 
 four years, and whose successors "shall be elected and appointed 
 for four years, and in the manner set forth above ; so that one- 
 fourth of the membership of said board shall expire, and be 
 elected and appointed annually. Vacancies in membership shall 
 be filled by the appointive or elective power, as herein provided. 
 
 SEC. 141. ; [Powers and Duties of the Board.] Said board of 
 directors of the public schools of the parish of Orleans, shall be a 
 
CITY SCHOOLS. 57 
 
 body corporate in law, with power to sue and be sued. Eleven, 
 members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of busi- 
 ness. Legal process shall be served on the president; in his 
 absence or inability to act, on the vice president. The city 
 attorney shall act as attorney for the board. The board shall be 
 organized within ten days after its appointment, with a president 
 and vice president chosen from among its members, and a sec- 
 retary, who shall not be a member of the board. In addition to 
 the duties of his office, which may be fully prescdbed by the 
 board, he shall make a quarterly report to the State Superin- 
 tendent of Education of the cost of maintaining the city schools r 
 and shall keep the accounts of said board in such manner as to 
 be in strict accordance with such budget as they may adopt, 
 certifying to said board at each monthly meeting the expenses 
 of said board for each current month. Said board shall have 
 control of all ImiMii.gs, records, papers, furniture and property 
 of any kind pertaining to the administration of the schools, and 
 vshall have management of all the public schools within the limits 
 of the city of New Orleans. 
 
 The salary of the secretary which shall be fixed by the board, 
 shall be paid in the same manner as hereinafter provided for the 
 payment of the superintendent. 
 
 SEC. 142. [Authority of the Directors ; Duties.] In addition 
 to the powers and duties hereinbefore granted to and imposed 
 upon parish boards, the powers and duties of said board of 
 directors of the parish of Orleans shall be as follows : 
 
 First It shall adjust and tix equitably the salaries of teach- 
 ers and porters or portresses employed in the schools, and of the 
 secretary and employees and of such assistant superintendents as 
 it may deem necessary for an efficient supervision of the schools. 
 
 Second It shall limit the annual expenses of maintaining 
 the schools to the annual revenue, and the expense for any one 
 mouth shall not exceed the one ninth part of the whole amount 
 provided for the schools. 
 
 Third It shall prescribe rules for subjecting teachers, or 
 candidates for teacherships, to a careful competitive examination. 
 
58 CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 on all such branches as they are expected to teach, and no per- 
 son shall be elected to a positiou as teacher without a favorable 
 report on his or her moral and mental qualificfitions by an 
 organized committee of examiners appointed by the board. 
 Teachers regularly examined and elected shall not be removed 
 Irom the schools during the time for which employed, except on 
 written charges of immorality, neglect of duty, inconipeteucy or 
 malfeasance, of which he or she have been found guilty by a 
 majority of the members of the board at a regular monthly 
 meeting. The said board may except from such examination 
 any person who has passed a satisfactory examination, as re- 
 quired by Act No. 23 of 1377, approved March twenty-sixth 
 (26th), eighteen hundred and seventy-seven (1877), and who 
 holds a certificate of qualification, and who has had two years 
 or more experience as a teacher, so that the calling of a teacher 
 Shall be elevated to a profession, and that a system of life cer- 
 tificates shall be issued to all such teachers in the city of New 
 Orleans by the board of directors of city schools ; any person 
 who is a graduate of a State normal school, or of any college or 
 university duly authorized to confer degrees, certificates of quali- 
 fications shall be given to all persons who successfully pass such 
 examination. 
 
 Fourth It shall elect all teachers from among the candi- 
 dates holding certificates in the order of their merit, as shown 
 by such examination, including graduates of normal schools, as 
 shown by the averages attained at their final examinations, or 
 from among persons excepted from examinations as hereinbefore 
 provided. 
 
 Fifth All certificates to teachers granted hereafter shall 
 stand good for three years ; upon a second examination at the 
 end of three years, certificates of a higher grade shall be given, 
 to be good for five years, if the applicant is found competent to 
 teach a higher grade school than the one for which the first cer- 
 tificate issued. 
 
 Sixth It shall hold regular monthly meetings on a day 
 fixed by it. 
 
CITY SCHOOLS. 59 
 
 Seventh It shall declare vacant the position of any of its 
 members who shall have failed to perform the duties assigned to 
 Mm, or have absented himself from two successive monthly 
 meetings of the board without leave, or have been guilty of any 
 breach of decorum, or of any other act inconsistent with the dig- 
 nity of a school director; and it shall report each vacancy to 
 the body by which the delinquent member shall have been pre- 
 viously elected or appointed; it shall be the duty of the board 
 of directors of city schools elected and appointed under the pro 
 visions of this act to examine and scrutinize personally the 
 accounts of their predecessors, in order to find out if their 
 administration of the school funds, committed to their charge for 
 disbursement, has been in accordance with law, so that in the 
 future a proper administration of the city schools may be had. 
 
 Eighth It may establish, when practicable, evening or 
 night schools for the instruction of such youths as are prevented 
 by their daily vocations from receiving instructions during the 
 day. 
 
 Ninth It may establish, when deemed advisable, one or 
 more normal schools or departments for the pioressional training 
 and improvement of candidates for teacherships, including, in 
 the course of instruction and training, lectures in the natural 
 sciences, and on the method of teaching and disciplining chil- 
 dren, and the practical exercises of non-teaching students in 
 model classes organized for that purpose by the faculty of the 
 institution. To graduates of these normal schools or depart- 
 ments, and also to proficient students in other city schools of an 
 academic grade, the board may, in its discretion, award diplo- 
 mas; and the graduates of the normal schools or departments 
 who shall have been examined and found proficient in all the 
 branches required to be taught in the public grammar schools, 
 may be deemed preferred candidates for vacant positions in the 
 city public schools, and the diplomas awarded to such graduates 
 shall be deemed equivalent to teaching certificates of the highest 
 grade for common schools; provided, that the final examinations 
 
60 CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 for graduation from said normal schools, and upon which diplo- 
 mas may be awarded, shall be conducted in the same manner 
 and include the same subjects as the public competitive examina- 
 tions required by paragraph three (3) of this section. 
 
 SEC. 143. [Services of the Directors Without Compensation.] 
 No school director of the city ot New Orleans shall receive com- 
 pensation for his services as a school director. 
 
 SEC. 144. [Superintendent Duties, Authority, Salary.] The 
 said board is authorized to appoint for the constant supervision 
 and periodical examination of the public schools of the parish 
 of Orleans, a competent and experienced educator to be desig- 
 nated as superintendent. He shall aid the directors in organiz- 
 ing the schools and in improving the methods of instruction 
 therein, in examining candidates for teacherships. and in con- 
 ducting periodical examinations of pupils for promotion through 
 the respective grades of the schools, and in maintaining general 
 uniformity and discipline in the management of all the schools, 
 He shall make semi-annual reports on the condition and needs 
 of the schools to the said board, and an annual report on or 
 before the first of January to the State board of education,, as 
 hereinbefore required; and, whenever notified to be present, he 
 shall attend meetings of the State board of education. 
 
 The superintendent shall receive an annual salary of twenty- 
 five hundred dollars, payable in equal monthly installments, 
 payable on the roll of the board of directors of the city schools, 
 in the same manner and at the same time that the employees 
 and expenses of said board of directors are pa d. He shall hold 
 his office for the term of four years, subject to removal by the 
 board for neglect of duty or malfeasance, of which, after an im- 
 partial hearing by the board, he shall have been adjudged 
 guilty. He shall be ex-officio a member of said board, and 
 entitled to participate in its deliberations and debates, and in 
 the examination of candidates for teacherships, but he shall not 
 cast a vote in the board. 
 
CITY SCHOOLS. 61 
 
 SEC. 145. [Taxes Prior to 1880.] All the school taxes col- 
 lected by the city of New Orleans prior to 1880 be turned over to 
 the Board of Liquidation of the city debt of New Orleans. 
 
 SEC. 146. [Judgment Against the School Board.] Whenever 
 a judgment shall be rendered or has heretofore been rendered 
 against the board of School Directors of the city of New Orleans, 
 whether the same be absolute against the School Board, or pay- 
 able out of the school taxes levied by the city of New Orleans 
 for any particular year or years, and the same shall have become 
 final and executory, the plaintiff in the suit shall cause a copy of 
 the petition, answer and judgment duly certified by the clerk to 
 t>e final and executory be lodged in the hands of the secretary of 
 the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt of New Orleans, whose 
 duty it shall be to record the same in a book kept for that pur- 
 pose. 
 
 SEC. 147. [Duty of the Board of Liquidation.] It shall be the 
 duty of the Board of Liquidation to distribute the share of the 
 funds provided for in Section 8 of Act 110 of 1890, which shall 
 accrue to the School Board of the city of New Orleans, as 
 follows, viz : 
 
 1. Out of the funds so accruing from the taxes for the years 
 1892, 1893 and 1894, it shall first pay to said School Board, in 
 addition to amounts heretofore paid the sum of one hundred and 
 sixty thousand dollars ($160,000). 
 
 ?. Ori* of the funds so accruing from the taxes of the year 
 
 1895, it snail first pay to said School Board such an amount as 
 will, with any amounts appropriated by the city of New Orleans 
 for school purposes reach a total of two hundred and ninety-seven 
 thousand five hundred dollars ($297,500). 
 
 3. Out of the funds so accruing from the taxes of the year 
 
 1896, and of each year thereafter, it shall first pay to said School 
 Board for each year such an amount as will with any amounts 
 appropriated by the city of New Orleans for school purposes 
 reach a total of three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five 
 hundred dollars ($337,500). 
 
62 CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 4. It shall, after making the payments aforesaid, distribute 
 any amounts remaining in its hands and accruing to said School 
 Board, among the holders of judgments so recorded with it, in 
 the order of their registry until the same shall have been paid 
 in full. 
 
 5. It shall pay over to said School Board any amounts 
 accruing to it out of said funds after paying judgments in fulL 
 
 SEC. 148. [City Treasurer, Ex-Officio School Treasurer.] The 
 treasurer of New Orleans shall ex-officio be the treasurer of said 
 board and shall receive all funds apportioned by the State to 
 such city, or received or collected for the support of the free 
 public schools from any and all sources. He shall give bond r 
 with good and solvent security, in the sum of ten thousand dol- 
 lars ($10,000) in favor of the president of said board and his 
 successors in offic?, to be accepted and approved by said board 
 and recorded in the mortgage office of the parish, and which 
 bond shall then be filed and kept on record in the office of the 
 said board. The filing of said bond, and taking and filing the 
 usual oath of office before any officer authorized to administer 
 the same, shall qualify the treasurer to act. 
 
 SEC. 149. [Term of Office, Removal, Election of a Successor.] 
 Said treasurer shall hold his office for four years, or during bis 
 term of office as city treasurer, unless sooner removed after due 
 trial and hearing by the said board, for neglect of duty or mal- 
 feasance in office; and in case of removal by the board, it shall 
 elect a treasurer who shall not be a member. He shall receive 
 the sum of six hundred dollars per annum for the trouble and 
 expenses which may be incurred by him in the discharge of the 
 ^duties imposed under this act, payable monthly on his own war- 
 rant, as hereinbefore provided for the payment of the superin- 
 tendent's salary. He shall keep his office open at all such times 
 as may be prescribed by said board, for the payment of pay-rolls 
 or checks in favor of teachers and other employees of the board. 
 
 SEC. 150. [Ex-Officio Members of the City Board.]-^The 
 mayor, treasurer and comptroller of the city of New Orleans 
 
CITY SCHOOLS. 63 
 
 shall be ex-officio member of the said board and entitled to 
 take part in all the debates and deliberations in said board on 
 the ways and means for maintaining the public schools of said 
 parish, but they shall not have the right to vote. 
 
 SEC. 151. [Report of the Board.] In addition to the -duties 
 imposed upon boards of school directors, it shall be the duty of 
 said board for the parish of Orleans to present to the Common 
 Council of the city of New Orleans, on the first day of December 
 of each year, a full report of the condition of the city schools, 
 showing the number of teachers and other employees and their 
 salaries ; the number and location of school houses, with the con- 
 dition thereof, and the estimated cost of keeping all appurtenant 
 grounds in good repair during the ensuing year ; a' so a detailed 
 exhibit of all receipts and expenditures of the board for the 
 schools during the previous twelve months 5 said report shall be 
 accompanied with a statement certified by the officers of the 
 board of the average daily attendance of pupils during the annual 
 session, and the average expense per capita of their instruction. 
 
 SEC. 152. [Budget of Expenses.] It shall be the. duty of the 
 Common Council of the city of New Orleans, in making up their 
 budget of annual expenses, to include therein the amount neces- 
 sary to meet the expenses of the schools, as shown by the state- 
 ment of the actual attendance, and cost of instruction required 
 by the preceding section, with such additional allowance for 
 probable increased attendance and contingent expenses as may 
 seem just and reasonable to the City Council, and to keep in good 
 repair all school houses and school grounds belonging to the city; 
 provided, that the sum appropriated with the probable receipts 
 from the State school fund and poll tax shall not exceed the 
 , aggregate amount required for the maintenance of the schools 
 during the year, and for the keeping in good repair all school 
 houses and grounds belonging to the city, as shown by the state- 
 ment of the school board ; and, provided further, that the amount 
 to be appropriated by said city shall not be less than the sum of 
 $250,000; of said amount so to-be appropriated b^ said City 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 Council, not less than $175,000 shall be provided for the annual 
 city budget of expenditure , and the balance out of the reserve 
 fund of twenty per cent, constituted by Section GG of Act No. 20, 
 approved June 23d, 1882, and by Act No. UK), of 1886, and said 
 balance is hereby constituted a first lien and claim against said 
 reserve fund, and shall be paid out of the first collection made 
 on account of the same and by preference over all claims what- 
 soever; provided further, that out of the amount so appropriated 
 by said city, said board of directors shall, in the year eighteen 
 hundred and eighty-nine (1889), and annually for five years there- 
 after, appropriate a sum sufficient to extinguish at least one-sixth 
 of the unpaid claims against said board for the years 18SO, 1831, 
 1882 and 1884, so that said claims shall bo, entirely paid by the 
 beginning of the year 1895. The board of directors for the par sli 
 of Orleans are hereby authorized to enforce the provisions of 
 this section by the application to a court of competent jurisdic- 
 tion, by a writ of mandamus or other effective remedy.* 
 
 SEC. 153. [Provisions for Affording Proper Evidences of Claims.] 
 For the purpose of affording 'proper evidence of said claims 
 aforesaid (and for no other purposes whatsoever), said board 
 shall issue certificates of indebtedness to an amount equal to the 
 total amount of said claims and maturing in six equal install 
 meuts on the first day of January, 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 
 and 1895. 
 
 VIII. STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 STATK NORMAL SCHOOL. 
 
 Jet 73 of 1892. 
 154 (1) Object; to \vliom open 
 
 155. (2) Board of administrators; 
 
 terms of office ; successors. 
 
 156. (3) Powers of the board; ap- 
 
 point teachers ; manage school 
 finances ; a body corporate ; 
 domicile. 
 
 157. (4) Meetings of the board ; com- 
 pensation. 
 158 (5) Faculty ; their duties. 
 
 159. (6) Departments and clashes. 
 
 160. (7) Qualifications for admission. 
 
 161. () Tuition free, except in cer- 
 
 tain instances. 
 
 162. (9) Diplomas equivalent to first 
 
 grade teachers' certificates. 
 
 The provisos of this section are declared ncoBat:tatioaal by fie Supreme Court. Hee 
 abstract, " Taxation,'" from the 42<l Annual in the Appendix of this book, case of bta'e ex rcl 
 School Hoard vs. City (/Xew Orle ns. 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 VIII. STATE SCHOOLS Ooii tinned. 
 
 INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL AT HUSTON. 
 
 3nilflCEM Act 0/1894. 
 
 163. (1) Object, location, proviso. 
 
 164. (2) Trustees : how appointed ; 
 
 vacancies, quorum. 
 
 165. (3) Trustees, a body corporate. 
 
 166. (4) Meetings. 
 
 167. (5) Branches to be taught. 
 
 168. (6) Faculty. 
 
 169. (7) State ownership of school 
 
 property. 
 
 STATE UNIVERSITY. 
 
 Act 145 0/1877. 
 
 170. (1) Union of the State Univer- 
 
 sity and Agricultural and Me- 
 chanical College. 
 
 Ifl. (2) Rights and privileges grant- 
 ed the two institutions, re- 
 spectively, still in force. 
 
 172. (3) Object of the institution in 
 
 literature, sciences, and arts. 
 
 173. (4) General education. 
 
 174. (5) Board of supervisors; seal; 
 
 powers. 
 
 175. (6) Composition of the board ; 
 
 vacancies ; how filled. 
 
 176. (7) Members of the board gradu- 
 
 ated by class for certain terms. 
 
 177. (8) Vice president; quorum. 
 
 178. (9) Regular and special meetings 
 
 of the board. 
 
 179. (10) Officers of the board. 
 
 180. (11) President and faculty; sal- 
 
 aries, duties and privileges. 
 
 181. (12) Branches to be taught. 
 
 182. (13) Affiliation of the university 
 
 with other incorporated insti- 
 tutions. 
 
 183. (14) Course of study. 
 
 184. (15) Board to be charged with 
 
 the purchase of necessary 
 grounds. njOUHB ...>,wlCE 1JUH- 
 
 185. (16) Power of the board to lease 
 
 the University's grounds in 
 Rapides and Saint Bernard. 
 
 186. (17) Interest and income to be 
 
 derived from the sale and lease 
 of certain lands and property. 
 
 187. (18) Institution enjoined to 
 
 teach agricultural -and mechan- 
 ical arts. 
 
 1*8. (20) The board to report to the 
 Legislature. 
 
 189. (21) Powers and duties of the 
 
 president of the University. 
 
 190. (22) Further powers of the pres- 
 
 ident of the faculty. 
 
 191. (23) Grant, gift, devise, and be- 
 
 quest of property. 
 
 192. (24) Board to accept donations 
 
 of property, etc. 
 
 193. (25) Authority of the board to 
 
 invest funds. 
 
 194. (26) Construction to be placed 
 
 upon donations. 
 
 Act 67'0/ I860. 
 
 195. Military science to be taught. 
 
 196. Governor to issue commissions 
 
 to the faculty. 
 
 197. Expenses of the board of super- 
 
 visors. 
 
 Act 140 of 1880. 
 
 198. (1) Chairs in nautical instruc- 
 
 tion to be established. 
 
 199. (2) Governor requested to apply 
 
 to the Secretary of the Navy 
 for training ships, etc. 
 Act 100 of 1886. 
 
 200. (1) Beneficiary c*adets one al- 
 
 lowed each parish and seven- 
 teen to the city of New Orleans. 
 
 201. (2) By whom and how. appoint- 
 
 ed. 
 
 202. (4) Authority of the police ju- 
 
 ries and city council of New 
 Orleans to appropriate funds 
 
66 
 
 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 VIII. STATE SCHOOLS Continued. 
 
 for the maintenance of bene- 
 ficiary cadets. 
 
 ^03. (5) Conditions imposed upon 
 beneficiaries. 
 
 INSTITUTION FOR THE BLIND. 
 
 Act 92 0/1871. 
 
 204. (1) Establishment. 
 
 205. (2) Applicants, on what terms 
 
 admitted. 
 
 206. (3) Organization; terms of in- 
 
 struction. 
 
 207. (4) General control. 
 203. (5) First meeting. 
 
 209. (6) Residence, salary, and du- 
 
 ties of principal. 
 
 210. (7) Duties of vice-president. 
 
 211. (8) Bond, duties, and salary of 
 
 the treasurer. 
 
 212. (9) By-laws and regulations. 
 
 213. (10) Industrial Home for the 
 
 Blind. 
 
 214. (11) Expenses of the board ; how 
 
 paid. 
 
 215. (12) Admission regardless of 
 
 race. 
 
 INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND 
 DUMB. 
 
 Act 88 0/1871. 
 
 216. (1) For the exclusive use of the 
 
 deaf and dumb. 
 
 217. (2) Admission of pupils. 
 
 218. (3) Literary and mechanical 
 
 education. 
 
 219. (4) Control, in whom vested. 
 
 220. (5) Officers. 
 
 221. (6) Duties of the superintendent, 
 
 222. (7) Duties of the treasurer. 
 
 223. (8) Rules and regulations ; quo- 
 
 rum. 
 
 224. (10) Expenses of members of the 
 
 board. 
 
 SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY. 
 
 (For Persons of Color.) 
 
 225. [. 1, A. 87, 1880.] Establish- 
 
 ment 
 
 226. [5. 1, A. 65, 1882.] Board of 
 
 trustees. 
 
 227. [S. 3, A. 87, 1880.] Quorum. 
 
 228. IS. 4, A. 87, 1880.] Officers of 
 
 the board; how elected; offi- 
 cers. 
 
 229. [S. 5, A. 87, 1880.] Rules and 
 
 regulations ; faculty. 
 
 230. \_S. 6, A. 87, 1880.] Powers of 
 
 the board of trustees, 
 
 231. IS. 1, A. 90, 1882.] Faculty, 
 
 degrees, departments, and 
 courses. 
 
 STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 
 
 SEC. 154. [Object To Whom Open.] The State Normal 
 School, located at Natchitoches, in the parish of Natchitoches, 
 in conformity with sections 4 and 8 of Act No. 51 of 1884, shall 
 have far its object to train teachers for the public schools of 
 Louisiana, and shall be open to white persons of either sex of 
 age and qualifications as may be hereinafter prescribed. 
 
 SEC. 155. Board of Administrators Terms of Office, Their Suc- 
 cessors. The board of administrators of said State Normal School 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 67 
 
 shall consist of six competent white citizens, to be selected and 
 appointed by the Governor of the State, one from the town of 
 Natchitoches and from each of the first five circuits of the court of 
 appeals. The Governor shall shall be, ex-officio, president of the 
 board. The first board appointed under this act shall, at its 
 first meeting, oe divided by lot into three classes of two members 
 each, the first class to hold office for two years, the second for 
 four y^r? jwl the third for six years, from and after the first 
 day of July, 1892. Their successors shall be appointed for the 
 full term of six years. Vacancies caused by death or resigna- 
 tion shall be filled for the unexpired term by appointment of the 
 Governor. 
 
 SEC. 156. [Powers of the Board of Administrators.] The board 
 of administrators shall elect all teachers employed in said State 
 Normal School, determine their compensation, and manage the 
 financial and other interests of the school. Said board shall be 
 a body corporate with all the rights and powers of such bodies, 
 and shall have its domicile at the town of Natchitoches, in the 
 parish of Natchitoches. 
 
 SEC. 157. [Meetings of the Board ; Compensation.] Said board 
 of administrators shall hold one regular meeting each year at the 
 close of the annual session of the school. Special meetings may 
 be called in such manner and held at such times as the board of 
 administrators may determine. The members of said board of 
 administrators shall receive no compensation for their services, 
 except their actual traveling expenses and the per diern of mem- 
 bers of the General Assembly while attending the sessions of 
 the Board. 
 
 SEC. 168.. [The Faculty Their Duties.] The faculty shay 
 consist of a president, who shall be ex-officio a member of the 
 board of administrators, and such additional instructors as the 
 interests of the school may require. In addition to the regular 
 work of the school, the faculty may be called upon to assist in 
 the State Teachers 7 Institutes at such times and places as may 
 be determined by the State Superintendent of Public Education 
 and the President of the State Normal School. 
 
<68 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 SEC. 159. [Departments and Classes.] The State Normal 
 'School shall contain two departments, the Normal Department 
 and the Practice School. The Course of Study of the Normal 
 Department may extend over a period of four years, and shall 
 embrace thorough instruction and training in the history and 
 science of education, the theory and practice of teaching, the 
 organization and government of schools and such other branches 
 of knowledge as may be deemed necessary to fit the students for 
 the varied work of a complete system of public schools. The 
 Practice School shall consist of such grades or classes, with such 
 course of study, as the Board of Administrators may deem useful 
 in giving the Normal students the necessary practice in the art 
 of teaching. 
 
 SEC. 160. [Qualifications for Admission.] Applicants for 
 admission to the Normal Department must be at least fifteen 
 years of age if female, and sixteen years of age if male; must 
 give satisfactory evidence of goodjnoral character and of requisite 
 proficiency in the ordinary branches of a good common school 
 education; and must declare in writing their full intention of 
 continuing in the school until graduation, unless sooner dis- 
 charged, and of teaching in the public schools of Louisiana for 
 at least one year after graduation. 
 
 SEC. 161. [Tuition Free, Except in Some Instances.] Tuition 
 shall be free to all students of the Normal Department who ful- 
 fill all the requirements imposed by Section 160 of this Act, and 
 to the pupils of the primary grades of the Practice School. All 
 other students shall be charged such fees for tuition as may be 
 prescribed by the board of administrators. 
 
 SEC. 162. [Diplomas.] The board of administrators of the 
 State Normal School is hereby empowered to confer diplomas 
 upon all graduates of said school. This diploma shall entitle its 
 holder to a first grade teacher's certificate, valid in any town or 
 parish of the State for four years from the date of graduation* 
 at the expiration of which time it may be renewed, for the same 
 period, by the State Board of Education, upon satisfactory evi- 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 69^ 
 
 dence of the ability, progress and moral character of the teacher 
 making application for such renewal. Furthermore, the diploma 
 of the State Normal School shall entitle its holder to such degree 
 of preference in the selection of teachers for the public schools 
 of the State as may be deemed wise and expedient by the State 
 Board of Education. 
 
 INDUSTRIAL, INSTITUTE AND COLLEGE. 
 
 SEC. 163. [Industrial College Object, Location, Privilege.] An 
 Industrial Institute and College is hereby established for the 
 education of the white children of the State of Louisiana in the 
 art* and sciences. Said Institute shall be known as "The In- 
 dustrial Institute and College of Louisiana," and shall be located 
 at Eustou, Lincoln parish, La., provided said town and parish 
 shall donate ten thousand dollars ($10,000) to said Institute, and 
 the same shall be organized as hereinafter provided. 
 
 SEC. 164. [Trustees How Appointed; Vacancies, Quorum.] 
 The Governor of the State shall nominate and appoint, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Senate, one person from each 
 Congressional District of this State and two from the State at 
 large, to be trustees and to serve as such for four years. Im- 
 mediately after they shall be assembled, in consequence of 
 their first appointment, they shall be divided by lot into two 
 equal classes, so that the term of three of those appointed from 
 the Congressional Districts and one appointed from the State at 
 large, shall expire in two years and the term of the other half 
 shall expire in four years from the date of their appointment, so 
 that one-half may be chosen every two years, Vacancies shall 
 be filled as in case of oth -r offices in this State. The Governor 
 shall be ex-officio a member of said board of trustees and shall, 
 when present, act as president of the board, but the board shall 
 elect one of their number as vice-president. Five of the trustees 
 shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 
 
 SEC. 165. [Trustees, a Body Corporate.] The board of trus- 
 tees of said institute and college, be and the same are hereby 
 
70 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 declared a body politic and corporate, shall be domiciled at 
 RustoD, La., shall have a seal, shall sue and be sued, contract 
 and be contracted with, may hold, purchase, sell and convey 
 property, whether movable or immovable, which may be neces- 
 sary or beneficial in carrying out the purposes of this act. Said 
 board of trustees may provide under proper regulations and 
 rules for conferring degrees and awarding diplomas and grant- 
 ing certificates, as rewards and honors for learning and skill, to 
 the pupils of said institute. 
 
 SEC. 166. [Meetings of the Trustees, Said board of trus- 
 tees shall fix the time or times for regular meetings and may be 
 convened at any time the Governor as ex-officio president may 
 deem it expedient to do so, in order to transact business con- 
 nected with said institute and college. The president of the fac- 
 ulty and teachers shall be secretary of the board of trustees, and 
 he shall keep in a well bound book, a record of all the proceed- 
 ings had by said board, and his compensation for this service 
 shall be fixed by the board; provided, that said board may elect 
 a suitable person as secretary pro tern to act until the institute 
 be put in operation. 
 
 SEC. 167. [Branches to be Taught.] The said board of trus- 
 tees shall possess all the power necessary and proper for the 
 accomplishment of the trust reposed in them, viz : The estab- 
 lishment of a first-class Industrial Institute and College for the 
 education of the white children of Louisiana in the arts and 
 sciences, at wnich such children may acquire a thorough acade- 
 mic and literary education, together with a knowledge of kinder- 
 garten instruction, of telegraphy, stenography and photography, 
 of drawing, painting, designing and engraving in their indus- 
 trial application; also a knowledge of fancy, practical and 
 general needle work; also a knowledge of book-keeping and 
 agricultural and mechanical arts, together with such other prac- 
 tical industries as from time to time may be suggested to them 
 by experience, or such as will tend to promote the general object 
 of said institute and college to-wit: Fitting and preparing such 
 children, male and female, for the practical industries of the age. 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 71 
 
 SEC. 168. [Faculty.] The board of trustees shall select and 
 appoint a president and the professors of said Institute and Col- 
 lege, and such other officers as they may deem necessary to put 
 and maintain the same in successful operation, and shall make 
 such rules and regulations for the government of said officers 
 as they may deem advisable ; they shall prescribe such a course 
 of discipline as may be necessary to enforce the faithful dis- 
 charge of the duties of all officers, professors and students. 
 They shall prescribe the course or coifrses of instruction so as 
 to secure a thorough education and the best possible instruc- 
 tion in all of said industrial studies, and they shall adopt all 
 such by-laws and regulations as they may deem necessary to 
 carry out all the purposes and objects of said institution. 
 
 SEC. 169. [State Ownership of College Property.] All the 
 property acquired in any way by said board of trustees shall 
 really be the property of and belonging to the State or Louisiana, 
 but shall be held, controlled and managed by said board of trus- 
 tees for the benefit of the said Industrial Institute and College. 
 
 THE LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURAL AND 
 MECHANICAL COLLEGE. 
 
 SEC. 170. [Union of the State University and the Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College.] The Louisiana State University, as 
 now established and located at Alexandria, in the parish of 
 Rapides, and the Louisiana State Agricultural and Mechanical 
 College, as now established and located in the parish of St. Ber- 
 nard, be and they are hereby united and constituted into one and 
 the same institution of learning, which shall hereafter be known 
 and designated under the name and title of the Louisiana State 
 University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and said 
 institution of learning, the Louisiana State University and Agri- 
 cultural and Mechanical College, as hereby created, shall be 
 established temporarily at Baton Rouge, in the parish of East 
 Baton Rouge. 
 
 SEC. 171. [Rights and Privileges Granted the Two Institu- 
 tions Respectively, Still in Force.] All legal rights and privi- 
 
72 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 leges, as granted by the Congress of the United States and the 
 Legislature of Louisiana, and all the legal obligations and 
 requirements, as imposed by congressional and legislative enact- 
 ments, and binding upon the two institutions of learning respect- 
 ively, which have been in the preceding section united and 
 constituted into one and the same institution of learning, shaH 
 be of full force and effect with and upon the Louisiana State 
 University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, as herein- 
 before constituted and established ; excepting such legal rights, 
 privileges, obligations, and requirements as may be specifically 
 repealed by the provisions of this act. 
 
 SEC. 172. [Object of the Institution.] The Louisiana State 
 University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, as herein- 
 before created, shall have for its object to become an institution 
 of learning, in the broadest and highest sense, where literature, 
 science and all the arts may be taught; where the principles of 
 truth and honor may be established, and a noble sense of personal 
 and patriotic and religious duty inculcated 5 in fine, to fit the 
 citizen to perform justly, skillfully, and magnanimously all the 
 offices, both private and public, of peace and war. 
 
 SEC. 173. [General Instruction.] The Louisiana State Uni- 
 versity and Agricultural and Mechanical College, as herein- 
 before created, shall provide general instruction and education 
 in all the departments of literature, science, art, and industrial 
 and professional pursuits ; and it shall provide special instruc- 
 tion for the purpose of agriculture, the mechanic arts, mining,, 
 military science and art, civil engineering, law, medicine, com- 
 merce and navigation. 
 
 SEC. 174. [Board of Supervisors.] The Louisiana State Uni- 
 versity and Agricultural and Mechanical College, as herein- 
 before created, constituted and established, shall be under the 
 direction and control of fifteen supervisors, who shall be a body 
 corporate, under the style and -title of the board of supervisors 
 of the Louisana State University and Agricultural and Mechan- 
 ical College, with the right, as such, to use a common seal, and 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 73 
 
 who shall be capable in law to receive all donations, subscrip- 
 tions, and bequests, in trust for said University and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College, and to recover all debts which may 
 become the property of said University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College, and to sue and be sued in courts of justice, 
 and m general to do all acts for the benefit of the Louisiana 
 State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 
 which are incident to bodies corporate. 
 
 SEC. 175. [Composition of the Board.] The Governor of the 
 the State shall be ex officio president of the board of supervisors, 
 and the State Superintendent of Public Education and the presi- 
 dent of the faculty of the university shall be members ex-officio 
 of said board, and the twelve remaining members shall be 
 appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent 
 of the Senate; provided, that three of the said twelve remaining 
 members shall have been students of the Louisiana State Univer- 
 sity, as it existed prior to the passage of this act, and have taken 
 degrees a::d be titled grnd nates of said institution ; and provided 
 further, that only one member shall be appointed from any one 
 parish, except the parish of Orleans, from which two members 
 shall be appointed ; and also further provided, that one of the 
 twelve members to be appointed by the Governor shall reside in 
 the parish of East Baton Rouge, in which, as hereinbefore pro- 
 vided, the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College has been, temporarily, established and 
 located. And whenever a vacancy occurs in the board of super- 
 visors, for any cause, the same shall be filled for the unexpired 
 term in the same manner. 
 
 SEC. 176. [How the Supervisors are Appointed.] Three of 
 the twelve members of the board of supervisors to be appointed 
 by the Governor in accordance with the provisions of the fore- 
 going section ot this act, shall be commissioned and hold their 
 offices for one year, three for two years, three for three years, and 
 three for four years. Their successors snail be appointed in 
 like manner, and shall hold their offices for the full term of four 
 
74 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 years, from the first day of January next succeeding their 
 appointments, and until their successors are appointed and 
 qualified , 
 
 SEC. 177. [Vice-President of the Board ; Quorum.] The mem- 
 ber of the board of supervisors appointed for the parish of 
 East Baton Kouge, in which, as hereinbefore provided, the Lou- 
 isiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col- 
 lege has been temporarily established and located, shall be ex- 
 officio the vice-president of the board, to preside over the meetings 
 of the board in the absence of the Governor. Five members of 
 the board of supervisors, including the president or vice-president 
 shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business ; pro" 
 vided, that all of the acts of the said such five members, at such 
 meeting, shall be submitted for ratification or rejection at the 
 next meeting of the board of supervisors, when a majority of all 
 the fourteen members of the board may be present. 
 
 SEC. 178. [Meetings of the B<jard When Held.] There 
 shall be four regular stated meetings of the board of supervisors, 
 at the university, in each and every year ; one the first Monday 
 in April, another on the Monday before the close of the annual 
 session of the university, which shall be July 4 ; anothi r on 
 Monday before the opening of the annual session of the univer- 
 sity, which shall be October 5 ; and another on the first Monday 
 in December ; special meetings of the board of supervisors shall 
 be called in such manner and held at such other times and places 
 as the Governor of the State or the board of supervisors may 
 determine. 
 
 SEC. 179. [Officers of the Board.] The board of supervisors 
 shall, at their first meeting, elect a secretary, who shall record, 
 attest and preserve their proceedings ; and a treasurer, who 
 shall give bond for the faithful performance of his duties, and in 
 such sum as shall be determined by the board ; provided, that 
 the treasurer shall not be a member of the board of supervisors, 
 nor a professor or other officer, or other employe of the univer- 
 sity -, and provided further, that the treasurer shall never be 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 75 
 
 interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract for furnishing 
 supplies or articles of any kind to the university, or have any 
 business transactions with, or on account of the university that 
 tend, directly or indirectly, to his own personal profits ; nor 
 shall any money ever be paid to the treasurer in his personal 
 capacity, or on account of the university, except what may be 
 his salary or compensation as treasurer. 
 
 SEC. 180. [Faculty Salary, Duties and Privileges.] The 
 board of supervisors shall have the power to engage a president 
 and other professors, and all other officers necessary for conduct- 
 ing the literary, scientific, military, and technical departments, 
 and all the financial and civil concerns and interest of the univer- 
 sity, and to remove and displace the same at pleasure ; to fix and 
 regulate the salaries of the professors and all other offices, and 
 to determine all other changes, excepting that there shall be no 
 fee for tuition or for the use of the library, apparatus, labora- 
 tory, cabinets, museum, workshop, experimental farm, or other 
 educational appliances charged to any student or cadet; to 
 establish rules for the good government and discipline of the 
 students or cadets ; to prescribe the duties of all officers, em- 
 ployes, servants and others ; to confer diplomas upon the recom- 
 mendation of the president and faculty, on students for pro- 
 ficiency in any branch of literature or science, or department 
 of learning, and, in general, to make all rules and regulations 
 which may be deemed necessary for the proper government of 
 the university and for promoting the objects for which it has 
 been founded. But nothing in this act shall be construed as 
 obligating the State to pay any debt contracted by the board of 
 supervisors in case it should, at any time, exceed the appropria- 
 tion made for the institution ; nor shall any of the property of 
 the university ever be seized and sold -to pay any debt of the 
 institution, by virtue of any decree of court. The title to all 
 property owned and held by the Louisiana State University and 
 Agricultural and Mechanical College is hereby declared to vest 
 in the State of Louisiana. 
 
76 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 SEC. 181. [Branches to be Taught.] There shall be main- 
 tained in the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College, as hereinbefore constituted and established: 
 
 First Schools of literature, including the languages of the 
 principal nations of ancient and modern times, philosophy, logic, 
 rhetoric and elocution, history, ethics, metaphysics and such 
 other and special brunches of learning as the board of super- 
 visors may determine. 
 
 Second Schools of science, including mathematics, astrono- 
 my, engineering, architecture, drawing, physics, chemistry,, 
 botany, zoology, agriculture, mechanics, mining, navigation and 
 commerce, and such other special branches of learning as the 
 board of supervisors may determine. 
 
 Third Schools of the useful and fine arts, and of military 
 science and art. 
 
 Fourth Schools of medicine and law. 
 
 Fifth Such other schools as the board of supervisors may 
 establish. 
 
 SEC. 182. [Affiliation With Any Incorporated Institution.] 
 The board of supervisors may affiliate with the Louisiana State 
 University and Agricultural and Mechanical College any incor- 
 porated university or college, or school of medicine, law or other 
 special course of instruction, upon such terms as maybe deemed 
 expedient ; and such university, college or school may retain the 
 control of its own property, have its own board of trustees, facul- 
 ties and president respectively; and the students of such 
 universities, colleges or schools recommended by the respective 
 faculties thereof, may receive from the Louisiana State Univer- 
 sity and Agricultural and Mechanical College, the degrees of 
 those universities, colleges or schools, and the said students of 
 learning or special schools, thus graduated, shall rank as gradu- 
 ates of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College. 
 
 SEC. 183. [Course of Study.] It shall be the duty of the 
 board of supervisors, immediately after its organization, to pre- 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 77 
 
 scribe, in detail, the course of studies, both theoretical and prac- 
 tical, to be pursued at the University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College, and to draw up a project of the system of 
 instruction so adopted. 
 
 SEC. 184. [Board to Purchase Grounds Necessary for the 
 TJniversity.) The board of supervisors shall be charged with 
 the purchase of all necessary grounds and lands for the purpose 
 of the University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and 
 with the purchase or erection, or both, as may be necessary, of 
 all requisite buildings, workshops, laboratories ana other fixtures 
 and contrivances needed for the academic, military, industrial 
 or other departments of the University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College, and with the purchase of all necessary sup- 
 plies or articles for the use of the University and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College ; provided, that no member of the board 
 ot supervisors shall have any personal interest in any contract, 
 or purchase, or sales, or in any business transaction of any kind 
 whatever, for or on account of said University and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College ; and said board of supervisors shall be 
 charged with the care and preservation of all the buildings, 
 grounds and appurtenances of the University, after they shall 
 have been provided. 
 
 SEC. 185. [Power of the Board to Lease Certain Lands in 
 B-apides and Saint Bernard.] The board of supervisors be, and 
 they are hereby empowered to lease, as early as may be practi- 
 cable, and invest the proceeds thereof in the stocks of the State 
 of Louisiana, or in the stocks of the United States, all the 
 buildings and grounds and lands belonging to and held by the 
 Louisiana State University, as it was established and located in 
 the parish of Eapides prior to the passage of this act and to sell 
 or lease all the buildings and grounds and land belonging to and 
 held by the Louisiana Agricultural and Mechanical College, 
 as it was established and located in the parish of Saint Bernard 
 prior to the passage of this act ; and said stocks or bonds shall 
 be deposited for safe keeping with the Treasurer of the State. 
 
 SEC. 186. [Income from Congressional Grants.] For the en- 
 dowment, support, and maintenance of the Louisiana State 
 
78 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 University, as heretofore created, constituted, and established-,, 
 there shall be and is hereby inviolably appropriated and placed 
 at the disposal of the supervisors thereof, to be drawn from the 
 State treasurer, upon the order of the president of the board r 
 made upon the Auditor of the State, countersigned by the sec- 
 retary of the board, and payable to the order of the treasurer 
 of the board of supervisors, all the interest and income derived 
 and to be derived from the sales of Jill lands grantee!, or that 
 hereafter may be granted, to the State of Louisiana by the 
 United States, for the use of a seminary of learning, and all the 
 interest and income of the fund derived and to be derived from 
 the sales of all land and land scrip granted, or that may hereafter 
 be granted to the State of Louisiana by virtue of an act of Con- 
 gress, entitled, "An act donating lands to the several States and 
 Territories, which may provide colleges for the benefit of agricul- 
 ture and the mechanic arts," approved July 2, 1862 ; and all the 
 interest and income of the funds to be derived from the lease of 
 the buildings, grounds and lauds in the parish of Bapides, and 
 owned by or held for the use of the Louisiana State University r 
 as it existed prior to the passage of this act ; and from the sale 
 or lease of the buildings, grounds, and lands in the parish ot 
 Saint Bernard, owned by or held for the use of the Louisiana 
 Agricultural and Mechanical College, as it existed prior to the 
 passage of this act; and all such gifts, grants, contributions and 
 other donations to the endowment thereof, as may be derived 
 from any and all sources. 
 
 SEC. 187. [Instruction in Agricultural and Mechanic Arts,] 
 It is particularly enjoined upon the board of supervisors of 
 this University and Agricultural and Mechanical College to 
 make the training in those branches of study relating to agri- 
 culture and the mechanic arts as practical as possible, and to 
 that end to provide the necessary workshops and laboratories, 
 and to secure suitable land in the vicinity of the University and 
 Agricultural and Mechanical College for an experimental farm. 
 For the purchase of an experimental farm the board of super- 
 visors is hereby authorized to expend a sum not exceeding the 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 79 
 
 amount specified in the act of Congress hereinbefore mentioned, 
 viz : ten per cent upon the amount received by the State, as the 
 proceeds of the sale of the lands and the land scrip donated by 
 the general government of the United States. 
 
 SEC. 188. [Report of the Board of Supervisors.] At the 
 regular stated meeting in December of each and every year r 
 the board of supervisors shall, through the Governor of the 
 St&te, nictkc a itjpoil iii detail tu tiie Legislature, showing 
 the true condition and wants of the University and Agri- 
 cultural and Mechanical College, and recording any improve- 
 ments and experiments made in agriculture and the mechanic 
 arts, with their costs and results, the names of the profess- 
 ors and students, the amount of receipts and disbursements, 
 together with the nature, costs and results of all important 
 scientific investigations and experiments in the useful arts r 
 and such other matters, including State, industrial and commer- 
 cial statistics, and literary, historical, philological and philo- 
 sophical discussions or essays as may be deemed important or 
 useful ; one copy of which shall be transmitted to all the other 
 colleges which shall be endowed under the provisions of the act 
 of Congress of July 2d, 1862, as hereinbefore mentioned. 
 
 SEC. 189. [Powers of the President of the Institution.] The 
 president of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College shall be the president of the faculty of 
 professors thereof, and executive head of the institution in all 
 its departments. As such officer, he shall have authority, sub- 
 ject to the board of supervisors, to give general direction to the 
 practical affairs and scientific investigations of the University 
 and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and in the recess of 
 the board of supervisors, to remove any employe or subordinate 
 officer not a member of the faculty, and supply for the time any 
 vacancies thus created ; and so long as the interests of the insti- 
 tution require it, he shall be charged with the duties of one of 
 the professorships ; and it shall be the duty of the president of 
 the University and Agricultural and Mechanical College to make 
 
80 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 to the State Superintendent of Public Education, on or before 
 the first Monday in December in each year, and evrry year, a 
 report, in detail, showing the progress and condition of the 
 university, the names of the professors and students, the nature, 
 costs and results of all important investigations and experiments, 
 and such other matters, including industrial, economical philo- 
 sophical, and educational statistics as he shall deem useful. 
 
 SEC. 190. [Further Powers of the President of the University. | 
 The president of the University and Agricultural and Me 
 chanical College shall be specially charged with the discipline 
 of the University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and 
 be held directly responsible for the good order of the establish- 
 ment, and especially for the conduct and behavior of the students 
 or cadets. And it is hereby declared not to be the intent of this 
 act to devolve in any way^upon the professors, as such, or upon 
 the faculty of professors, the maintenance of good order and 
 discipline among the students or cadets, or to hold them respon- 
 sible for the conduct or behavior of the cadets or students out- 
 side their class or lecture rooms and during the time of recitation, 
 or study, or lecture j and it is particularly enjoined upon the 
 board of supervisors to delegate to the president of the Uni- 
 versity and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and through 
 him, to such assistant disciplinarians as may be assigned him 
 /rom among the professors and assistant professors, sufficient 
 authority to enable him to maintain proper discipline and good 
 order, and to meet promptly and efficiently the great responsi- 
 bility hereby imposed on him. No student or cadet shall ever 
 be tried by the faculty of professors, or by any committee oi 
 protessors, for any breach of discipline or other misconduct. 
 But no provision of this section, or this act, shall be con- 
 strued as militating against a proper subordination of pro- 
 fessors or other officers to the president of the University 
 and Agricultural and Mechanical College, and the neces- 
 sity of obeying all the rules and orders which he may im- 
 pose on them in virtue of the provisions of this act, and of 
 the rightful authority delegated to him by the board of super- 
 
; 
 
 ^trtttVERsrrs 
 
 ^^CAUFSS*** STATE SCHOOLS. 81 
 
 visors, as hereby enjoined upon the board ; and the president of 
 the University and Agricultural and Mechanical College shall 
 have the power to assemble the faculty or any committee or num 
 ber of the professors at any time he may see fit, for consultation 
 or advice or other action, or any subject matter he may choose 
 to lay before them ; provided only, that in all matters of disci- 
 pline and relating to the conduct and behavior of students or 
 cadets the president alone, and not the faculty or any professor, 
 -shall decide and act. 
 
 SEC. 191. [Grant, Gift, Devise, and Bequest of Property to 
 the Institution.] The State of Louisiana, in its corporate capacity, 
 may take by grant, gift, devise, or bequest, any property for the 
 use of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College, and hold the same, and apply the funds 
 arising therefrom, through the board of supervisors, for the sup- 
 port of said institution of learning. 
 
 SEC. 192. [Board May Accept Donations, Etc.] The board 
 of supervisors, in its corporate capacity, may take by grant, 
 gift, devise or bequest, any property tor the use of the Louisiana 
 State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, or 
 any school thereof, or of any professorship, chair, or scholarship 
 therein, or for the library, museum, observatory, workshops, 
 experimental farm, apparatus, cabinet, or for any purpose appro- 
 priate to the University and Agricultural] and Mechanical Col- 
 lege; and such property shall be taken, received, held, man- 
 aged, and invested, and the proceeds thereof used, bestowed 
 and applied by the said board of supervisors, for the purposes, 
 provisions and conditions prescribed by the respective grant, 
 gift, devise or bequest, and in accordance with the provisions of 
 sections 174, 180 and 186. 
 
 SEC. 193. [Investment of Permanent Funds.] The board of 
 supervisors may invest any of the permanent funds of the Lou- 
 isiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College 
 tvhicli are now, or may hereafter be, in its custody, in productive, 
 unincumbered real estate in this State, subject to the power of 
 
 6 
 
82 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 the Legislature to control or change such investments, excepting 
 such as by the provisions of previous sections of this act, or by 
 the terms of their acquisition, must be otherwise invested. 
 
 SEC. 194. [Construction to be Placed Upon Donations. ] If 
 by the terms of any grant, gift, devise or bequest, such as are 
 hereinbefore described in sections 191 and 192, conditions are 
 imposed which are impracticable under the provisions of the 
 Revised Statutes of this State, such grants, giits, devise, or 
 bequest shall not thereby fail, but such conditions shall be 
 rejected and the intent of the donor carried out as near as may 
 be. 
 
 SEC. 195. [Instruction in Military Science.] In the course 
 of study pursued at the University, the board of supervisors 
 shall cause instruction to be given in the military branches of 
 science. The students shall be styled cadets, and shall form a 
 military corps, under the command of the president and such 
 other professors as may be assigned to that branch of instruction. 
 They shall constitute a guard for all public property, arms, or 
 munitions now there or which may hereafter be assembled there; 
 and the president shall receipt for all such property, arms or 
 munitions, and shall obey all orders relative to their preserva- 
 tion or delivery that he may receive from the Governor of the 
 State. 
 
 SEC. 190. [Governor to Issue Commissions to Professors.] 
 The Governor of the State shall cause to be issued to the presi- 
 dent of the Louisiana State University a commission as colonel, 
 and to such other professors as may be assigned to command 
 commissions as majors, captains and lieutenants, according to 
 the strength of the command ; provided, that such commissions 
 shall not entitle the holders to any rank in the militia of the 
 State, or to any claim whatever to compensation other than that 
 attached to their positions as professors. 
 
 SEC. 197. [Expenses of the Supervisors.] The reasonable 
 expenses of the supervisors, in going to, and attending, the 
 meetings of the board, shall be paid by the State ; and it shall 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 83 
 
 be the duty of the board of directors to set forth in their annual 
 report the amount of such expenses, which amount shall be paid 
 by the State Treasurer, on the warrant of the Auditor, who shall 
 issue the said warrant upon the certificate of the president or 
 vice-president of the said board ; provided, however, that the 
 said amount does not exceed $250 in any one year. 
 
 SEC. 19S. [Nautical Instruction.] The board of administra- 
 tors of the University of Louisiana, at New Orleans, and the 
 board of supervisors of the Louisiana State University and 
 Agricultural and Mechanical College, at Baton Rouge, be and 
 are hereby authorized to establish chairs of nautical education 
 at said institutions, under the provisions of acts of Congress on 
 the subject of nautical education in the several ports of the Union. 
 
 SEC. 199. [Governor Instructed to Apply to the Government 
 for Training Ships, Etc.] The Governor of the State of Louisiana 
 is hereby instructed to apply to the Secretary of the Navy for the 
 suitable vessels, apparel, charts, books, instruments of naviga- 
 tion, etc., for that purpose immediately upon the establishment 
 of said chairs in said universities. 
 
 SEC. 200. [Beneficiary Cadets.] Each parish, as now created 
 or that may hereafter be created in the State, shall have the 
 right to delegate to the Louisiana State University and Agricul- 
 tural arid Mechanical College one beneficiary cadeb, and the city 
 of New Orleans shall have the right to delegate to said institu- 
 tion seventeen beneficiary cadets ; or one from each ward of said 
 city, said beneficiaries to remain at said institution four years, 
 unless sooner graduated or otherwise discharged j provided, that 
 no beneficiary cadet shall be permitted to resign from said insti- 
 tution, without the consent of the board of supervisors thereof, 
 which consent shall be given only in a case of urgent necessity, 
 such as serious and long protracted ill health, duly declared by 
 the certificate of the surgeon of said institution, or other compe- 
 tent physician, be of such a nature as to render it impossible for 
 said cadet to pursue his studies with advantage. 
 
 SEC. 201. [Police Juries and City Council to Elect Bene- 
 ficiaries.] The police jury of each parish and the city conn- 
 
84 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 cil of New Orleans, respectively, may, at a regular meeting, elect 
 the number of beneficiary cadets to which said parish or city is 
 entitled as aforesaid, of such age and qualifications as may be 
 prescribed by the board of supervisors for admission to the col- 
 lege classes of said University and Agricultural and Mechanical 
 College ; and shall cause the beneficiary so selected to report in 
 person at said institution on or before said 5th day of October; 
 provided, that said beneficiary cadets shall be selected from the 
 number of those residents of said parish or of said city, who have 
 not themselves, nor have their parents, the means of defraying 
 the whole of their necessary expenses of maintenance and sup- 
 port at said institution, which facts shall be duly certified to the 
 president of said institution, by the president of said police jury, 
 or said city council of New Orleans, as true, to the best of his 
 knowledge and belief. 
 
 SEC. 202. [Authority of the Police Juries and City Council 
 of New Orleans to Appropriate Funds for Beneficiaries.] For 
 maintenance and board of said beneficiaries in said institution, 
 the police juries of the several parishes and the city council of 
 the city of New Orleans, be and are hereby authorized and 
 empowered to appropriate out of their respective treasuries, a 
 sufficient sum to defray the necessary expenses of said cadets as 
 appointed under the provisions of this act 5 provided, that the 
 expense of no cadet shall exceed two hundred and fifty dollars 
 ($250) per annum ; provided, that under no circumstances shall 
 any part of this sum be paid by the State. 
 
 SEC. 203. [Conditions to the Benefit of Scholarships.] In 
 order to take advantage of the right granted to each parish and 
 to the city of New Orleans, in section 200 of this act, each parish 
 and city shall make an appropriation of $150 per annum out of 
 any money in its treasury for the maintenance and board in said 
 institution of each beneficiary cadet delegated by said parish or 
 said city, said sum to be paid to the treasurer of such institution 
 before the admission of said cadet ; and the power to make such 
 appropriation is hereby granted to the police juries of the several 
 parishes and to the city council of New Orleans. 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 85 
 
 INSTITUTION FOR THE BLIND. 
 
 SEC. 204. [Establishment of the Institution at Baton Rouge.] 
 An institution for the instruction of the blind exclusively be and 
 the same is hereby established at the city of Baton Kouge, in 
 this State. 
 
 SEC. 205. [Applicants On What Terms Admitted.] All blind 
 persons, residents of this State, of sound mind and good moral 
 character, shall be entitled to admission into said institu- 
 tion as pupils, and shall be provided with instruction, board, 
 lodging, medicine and medical attendance at the expense of the 
 institution, and all those whose indigent circumstances shall be 
 shown by the certificate of any member of the police jury of the 
 parish, or by the mayor of the town or city where they reside, 
 and such only, shall be furnished with clothing at the expense 
 of the institution. 
 
 SEC. 200. [Organization of the Institution and Instruction.] 
 The institution shall be thoroughly organized in its academic, 
 musical, and mechanical departments, and every pupil shall 
 receive such instruction as it can afford and the capacity of the 
 pupil will permit. All persons admitted as pupils, between the 
 ages of eight and fourteen years, may continue in the institution 
 nine years ; all admitted between the ages of fourteen and seven- 
 teen years, may continue six years, and all admitted at an age 
 exceeding seventeen years may continue four years as pupils. 
 
 SEC. 207. [General Control.] The general control of said 
 institution shall be vested in a board of trustees, to be composed 
 of the Governor of the State, who shall be ex-officio president of 
 the board, the principal of the institution, and five members to 
 be appointed for the term of four years by the Governor, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Senate. Said board is hereby 
 declared a body politic and corporate in deed and in law, and 
 shall have full power to sue and be sued, and to make con- 
 tracts, and to acquire and hold by purchase or donation any real 
 or personal estate necessary for the uses of said institution. The 
 domicile of said corporation is established at Baton Eouge, 
 
86 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 and the vice-president of the board shall be the officer upon 
 whom all legal process shall be served to bi: d said board. 
 
 SEC. 208. [First Meeting.] The first meeting of the board 
 of trustees shall be held at such a time and place as may be fixed 
 by the Governor, and they shall at said meeting elect a principal 
 for the institution, a vice-president of the board, a treasurer and 
 such other officers as may be necessary for the proper organiza- 
 tion and management of the institution. 
 
 SEC. 209. [Residence, Salary and Duties of Principal.] The 
 principal shall have the charge and management of the institu- 
 tion ; he shall reside in the institution, and receive such salary 
 and perform such duties as may be determined by the board. 
 
 SEC. 210. [Duties of the Vice-President.] The vice-presi- 
 dent shall preside at the meetings of the board in the absence of 
 the president, and shall exercise a general supervision over the 
 affairs of the institution. 
 
 SEC. 211. [Treasurer.] The treasurer shall give bond in 
 such sum as the board of trustees may determine, with security 
 to the satisfaction of the vice-president. He shall receive from 
 the State Treasurer the appropriations which may from time to 
 time be made by the Legislature for the support of the institution, 
 upon his warrant, countersigned by the Governor. He shall pay 
 out the same upon the order of the principal of the institution, 
 countersigned by the vice-president of the board. He shall 
 receive such salary as may be determined by the board, and both 
 he and the principal may be removed at their pleasure. 
 
 SEC. 212. [By-Laws and Regulations.] The board of trus- 
 tees shall have power to make all needful rules and regulations 
 for the government of said institution and also all needful rules 
 and regulations for the government of the industrial home for 
 the blind, hereinafter provided for. Three members of the board 
 shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 
 
 SEC. 213. [Industrial Home for the Blind.] There shall be 
 attached to said institution, and under the control of the board 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 87 
 
 of trustees thereof, an industrial home, in which shall be received 
 blind persons, residents of the State of Louisiana, who are of 
 sound mind and good moral character. The inmates of this home 
 shall be provided with board and lodging, and furnished with 
 work at the trade or trades introduced therein; they shall 
 receive wages for their work, and be required to pay for their 
 support. Any properly qualified person desiring admission into 
 the home, who has not learned any trade wrought at therein, may 
 be admitted and receive support and instruction in some trade 
 for one year. If, at the end of that time, it shall appear that 
 such person is unable or unwilling to learn a trade, he shall not 
 be entitled to longer residence in the home, the true intent and 
 purpose of this act being to provide a shop and residence for 
 industrious blind persons, and to furnish them an opportunity to 
 escape pauperism and mendicancy, and not to establish an alms- 
 house. 
 
 SEC. 214. [Expenses of the Board of Trustees.] The expenses 
 of the board of trustees, incurred in attending the meetings of 
 the board, shall be paid out of the funds of the institution. 
 
 SEC. 215. [Admission Regardless of Race.] Ko part of this 
 act shall be construed so as to deprive any person on account of 
 race or color of the privilege of admittance into the institution. 
 
 INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB. 
 
 SEC. 210. [Institution for the Exclusive Use of the Deaf and 
 Dumb.] The institution heretofore known as the Louisiana Insti- 
 tution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, located at Baton 
 Eouge, in this State, be and the same is hereby reorganized by 
 the provisions of this act for the exclusive benefit of the deaf and 
 dumb. 
 
 SEC. 217. [Admission of Pupils.] All the deaf and dumb 
 residents of this State of sound mind and proper health of body, 
 and between the ages of eight and twenty-five, shall be admitted 
 to said institution as pupils, and be provided with instruction, 
 l>oard, lodging, medicine, and medical attendance at the expense 
 
38 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 of the institution and all those in such indigent circumstances as- 
 shall appear by the certificate of any member of the police jury 
 of the parish, or the mayor of the city where they reside, to 
 render such aid necessary, shall also be furnished with clothing 
 and traveling expenses to and from the institutions. 
 
 SEC. 218. [Literary and Mechanical Education.] The insti- 
 tution shall afford all requisite facilities for providing a good 
 literary education and a mechanical department in which instruc- 
 tion shall be given in such trades as may be best suited to render 
 the pupils self-sustaining citizens. 
 
 SEC. 219. [Control In Whom Vested.] The general con- 
 trol or said institution shall be vested in a board of trustees, to 
 be composed of the Governor of the State, who shall be ex-officio 
 president of the board, the superintendent of the institution, and 
 five members, to be appointed by the Governor, by and with the 
 advice and consent of the Senate. Said board is hereby declared 
 to be a body politic and corporate in deed and in law, and shall 
 have full power to sue and be sued, to make contracts, and to 
 acquire and hold, by purchase or donation, any real or personal 
 estate, as may be necessary for the uses of said institution. 
 The domicile of said corporation is established at Baton Eouge, 
 and the vice-president of the board shall be the officer upon 
 whom all legal process shall be served to bind said board. 
 
 SEC. 220. [Officers.] The first meeting of the board of trus- 
 tees shall be held at such time and place as may be fixed by the 
 Governor, and they shall, at said meeting, elect a superintendent 
 for the institution, a vice-president of the board, a treasurer, and 
 such other officers as may be necessary for the proper organiza- 
 tion and management of the institution. 
 
 SEC. 221. [Duties of the Superintendent] The superin- 
 tendent shall have charge and management of the institution ; he 
 shall reside in the institution, and receive such salary and per- 
 form such duties as may be determined by the board. 
 
 SEC. 222. [Duties of the Treasurer.] The treasurer shall 
 give bond in such sum as the board of trustees may determine., 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 89 
 
 with security to the satisfaction of the vice-president. He shall 
 receive from the State Treasurer the appropriation made from 
 time to time by the Legislature for the support of the institution y 
 upon his warrant, countersigned by the Governor. He shall pay 
 out the same upon the order of the superintendent of the institu- 
 tion, countersigned by the vice-president. He shall receive such 
 salary as may be determined by the board, aad both he and the 
 superintendent may be removed by the board for any good cause. 
 
 SEC. 223. [Quorum and Rules of the Board.] The board of 
 trustees shall have the power to make all needful rules and regu- 
 lations for the government of said institution, and three members 
 shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. In the 
 absence of the president the vice-president shall act as president 
 of the board. 
 
 SEC. 224. [Expenses of Trustees How Paid.] The expenses 
 of the members of the board of trustees, incurred in attending 
 the meetings of the board, shall be paid out of the funds of the 
 institution. 
 
 THE SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY. 
 (For Persons of Color.} 
 
 SEC. 225. [Establishment.] There shall be established in, 
 the city of New Orleans a university for the education of persons 
 of color, to be named and entitled the " Southern University." 
 
 SEC. 226. [Board of Trustees.] The said university shall 
 be governed and directed by a board of trustees, to be composed 
 of twelve members, who shall be appointed by the Governor by 
 and with the advice and consent of the Senate; provided, that 
 at least four of said board of twelve shall be appointed from the 
 colored race ; vacancies shall be filled in a similar manner. The 
 members of the board shall be appointed to serve during four 
 years, but any member failing to attend two successive regular 
 meetings of the board shall, except in case of sickness or other 
 good cause, be considered no longer a member of said board, and 
 the Governor, on receiving official notice of such absence from 
 
90 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 the president of the board, whose duty it shall be to report the 
 same, shall immediately fill the vacancy in the manner prescribed. 
 
 SEC. 227. [Quorum.] Six members of said board, at a stated 
 or regularly called session, shall constitute a quorum. 
 
 SEC. 228. [Officers of the Board How Elected, Duties,] 
 The said board of trustees shall be empowered to elect from 
 .among their own members a president and vice-president of 
 the board, a secretary and treasurer 5 the treasurer shall give 
 bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars for the faithful perform- 
 ance of his duties, and shall pay out money only upon warrants 
 issued by the president of the board, countersigned by the presi- 
 dent of the faculty ; provided, that the treasurer shall not be a 
 professor or other officer or employe of the university, and shall 
 not be interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract for fur- 
 nishing supplies or articles of any kind to the university ; pro- 
 vided further, that at the discretion of the board the two offices 
 of secretary and treasurer may be combined in one person. 
 
 SEC. 229. [Rules and Regulations ; Faculty.] The said board 
 of trustees shall be empowered to enact general rules and by-laws 
 for the said university in all its departments, and to elect a 
 president of the faculty, professors and teachers, and determine 
 their compensation ; also, all officers and employes that may be 
 necessary, and prescribe their duties and compensation. 
 
 SEC. 230. [Powers of the Board of Trustees.] The said de- 
 partment shall be organized as a corporation under the general 
 laws of the State of Louisiana, and the trustees thereof shall be 
 capable in law to receive all donations, trusts and bequests made 
 to the " Southern University," and manage the same, to sue and 
 be sued in courts of justice, and to do all other acts in the prem- 
 ises incident to such trustees. 
 
 SEC. 231. [Faculty, Degrees, Departments, and Courses.] 
 There shall be established by said board of trustees a faculty of 
 arts and letters, which .shall be competent to instruct in every 
 branch of a liberal education, and under rules of, and in concur- 
 rence with, the board of trustees, to graduate students and grant 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 91 
 
 all degrees appertaining to letters and arts known to universities 
 and colleges in Europe and America, on persons competent and 
 deserving the same. 
 
 There may also be established by said board of trustees a 
 department of law and medicine. The department of law shall 
 consist of three (3) or more learned professors, learned and 
 skilled in the practice of law in this State, who shall be required 
 to a full course of lectures on international, constitutional, com- 
 mercial and municipal or civil law and instruction in the practice 
 thereof. The medical department of the university shall consist 
 of not less than three professors. They shall be appointed by 
 the board of trustees from regular practicing physicians of the 
 State. The degree of bachelor of law and doctor of medicine, 
 granted by them, shall authorize the person upon whom it is 
 conferred to practice physic and surgery in this State. 
 
 IX. TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA. 
 Act No. 43 0/1884 and Amendment to the Constitution. 
 
 232. (1) Board of Administrators. 
 
 233. (2) Rights, powers, privileges, 
 
 franchises and immunities of 
 
 Laws Governing the "University of Lou- 
 isiana '' Applicable to the Tulane 
 University of Louisiana. 
 
 the board. 239. [ 1352, R. &] Corporate pow- 
 
 234. (3) Power to hold an down prop- ers o f the board of administra- 
 
 erty, real and personal. tors. 
 
 235. (4) Name of the university to be m ^ 1358 ^ /8f . ] _ De p ar tment8 of 
 
 the Tulane University of Lou- ^ Univerait 
 
 isiana of Louisiana its pow- 
 
 ers, privileges, immunities and 241 t 1354 ' B - S.]-Powers of the 
 
 franchises. board of administrators. 
 
 236. (5) Exemption from taxation. 
 
 237. (6) Transfer of rights, powers, 
 
 etc., from the University of 
 Louisiana to the Administra- 
 
 242. [_S. 1358, E. .] By-laws and 
 
 regulations. 
 
 243. [S. 1359, R. S.~\ Literary honors 
 
 and degrees. 
 
 tors of the Tulane Education i 244. \_S 1368, B. S.] Transfer of 
 Fund; Scholarships property. 
 
 238. (7) The act declared to be a con- | 245. [S. 1369, R. S.] Law depart- 
 tract between the State and ment. 
 
 the Administrators of the Tu- 
 lane Education Fund. 
 
 246. IS. 1370, R. S.-} Medical depart- 
 
 ment. 
 
02 . STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 TULANE UNIVEKSITY.* 
 Amendment to the Constitution. 
 
 SEC. 232. [Board of Administrators.] The board of admin- 
 istrators of the University of Louisiana shall hereafter, instead of 
 the board appointed as provided by section thirteen hundred and 
 fifty-one (1351) of the Revised Statutes, consist of the seventeen 
 administrators of the "Tulane Education Fund," with power, 
 perpetually, to fill any vacancy in their number; provided, that 
 the said board shall, on the passage of this statute, recognize by 
 formal notarial act the Governor of the State, the Superintendent 
 of Public Education, and the Mayor oi the city of New Orleans r 
 as ex-officio members of said board. 
 
 SEC. 233. [Rights, Powers, Franchises and Privileges of the 
 Board.] The board of administrators of the Tulane Education 
 Fund, as administrators of the University of Louisiana shall 
 have all the rights, powers, privileges, franchises, and immuni- 
 ties, now vested in the board of administrators of the University 
 
 *TULANE UNIVERSITY. The University is not introduced into this compilation in the sense 
 of a completely free school, yet the genei-iil benefits extended by its scholarship system, its 
 agreement with the State and its relation to the 'University of Louisiana" place 'it in the 
 catalogue i.f public institutions 
 
 The school was founded upon an endowment of the late Paul Tulane, and was established 
 by Act No. 43 of 1884, which was ratifimt bv a constitutional amendment April 17th, 1888. The 
 following preamble, quoted from the above act, will explain the conditions upon which the 
 "University of Louisiana" was changed into the Tulane University: 
 
 " Whereas, Paul Tnl-me, Esq., formerly a resident of this State, and now of Princeton, New 
 Jersey, with the beneficent purpose of fostering higher education in thi- State dL , in May. 
 1882, express to certain citizens of this State his intention to donate for such purposes valuable 
 real estate to him belonging, situated in the city of New Or'eans; and 
 
 1 Whereas. The citizens to whom the intentions of Paul Tulane Esq., were expressed, did, 
 by act, before Chas. G. Andry, a notary public in the city of New Orleans, organize them- 
 selv. s into a coiporation under the name of the 'Administrators of the Tulane Education 
 Fund,' with the objects and purposes specified in saH act of incorporation ; and, 
 
 "Whereaa, Since the formation of said corporation, Paul Tulane. Esq., in the execution of 
 his previously expressed intentions, has donated to said administrators of the 'Tulane Educa- 
 tion Fund' nearly one mil ion dollars, the revenues whereof are to be used for the promotion 
 and encouragement of inte lectual moral and industrial education, and has expressed his 
 intention to largely in< rease said donation should this act be adopted ; and, 
 
 "Whereas, The said board of administrators of the Tulane Education Fund,' in order to- 
 make their work fruitful in results, have expressed their desire to take charge of the Univer- 
 sity of Louisiana, in the city of New Orleans, and to devote the revenues of the property now- 
 owned, or hereafter to be owned, by said board, to its expansion and development; and upon 
 the adoption of a constitutional amendment to that end, to apply all the revenues of property 
 now owned, or hereafter to be acquired by them to the cieatiou and development in the city 
 of New Orleans of a great University, whereby the blessings of higher education, intellectual, 
 moral and industrial, may be given to the youth of this State ; and, 
 
 "Whereas, Under the terms of this action, as proposed by said board, the property of said 
 board and the revenues thereof, will not be used for purposes of private or corporate income or 
 profit, but will be exclusively dedicated to school r urposes, and tj the service f the State in 
 maintaining and developing the University of Louisiana, an institution recognized in the Con- 
 stitution, therefore entitling the property of said board to exemption from all taxation both 
 State, parochial and municipal ; therefore, 
 
 "Be it enacted,'' ect. 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 93 
 
 of Louisiana by existing laws. They shall further have full 
 direction, control, and administration of the University of Lou- 
 isiana, now established in the city of New Orleans, in all its 
 departments, as also of all the property belonging to the State 
 of Louisiana, and now dedicated to or used by the University of 
 Louisiann, as well as all property controlled or used by the said 
 University of Louisiana, and for the purposes thereof, and the 
 "board of administrators of the University of Louisiana are hereby 
 empowered and directed to turn over to the board of adminis- 
 trators of the " Tulane Education Fund" all the property, rights, 
 books, papers and archives now under their administration or 
 control ; provided, that if the custody of the State library should 
 be transferred to the Tulane University of Louisiana, as herein 
 established by the consolidation of the University of Louisiana 
 at New Orleans with the board of administrators of the " Tulane 
 Education Fund," as herein provided for, through the University 
 of Louisiana, at New Orleans, as it now exists, or otherwise, it 
 shall be on the express condition and agreement that the State 
 of Louisiana may resume the custody and control of said State 
 library, whenever it may bt deemed advisable; and provided 
 further, that after the establishment of the "Tulane University 
 of Louisiana," as herein provided for, and after the transfer of 
 the custody of the State library thereto, as aforesaid, if the cus- 
 tody thereof shall be transferred to the " Tulane University of 
 Louisiana," as herein established, then and in that event, the 
 State of Louisiana shall be relieved of and released from all 
 obligations to pay the salary or the compensation of the State 
 librarian or his assistants, as is now or may hereafter be 
 fixed by law, during the period said State library may remain 
 in the custody of the said "Tulane University of Louisiana ;" but 
 that during sai f period the salary or compensation of said State 
 librarian shall be paid by the "Tulane University of Louisiana. 77 
 An inventory shall be made of all the property, movable and 
 immovable, belonging to the University of Louisiana, and trans- 
 ferred by this act to the control and administration of the admin- 
 istrators of the " Tulane Education Fund," by two appraisers to 
 
94 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 be appointed for that purpose by the Governor of the State and 
 sworn, which appraisement shall be filed in the office of the Secre- 
 tary of State, as evidencing the description and appraised value 
 of the property so transferred, and also in order that the liability 
 of the said administrators of the " Tulane Education F.und " may 
 not be extended beyond a return of the property so transferred,, 
 in any contingency ; provided further, that the property, so trans- 
 ferred, may not be sold or disposed of except under legislative 
 sanction ; provided further, that if the "Tulane University of Lou- 
 isiana" as herein established, should cease to use the property, 
 and exercise the privileges, franchises and immunities, now under 
 the control and administration of, and enjoyed by the University 
 of Louisiana, as now constituted and transferred by this act, for 
 the exclusive purposes intended by this act, then and in that 
 event the State of Louisiana shall have the right to resume the 
 custody, control, and administration of said property, and the 
 exercise of said privileges, franchises and immunities. 
 
 SEC. 234. [Power to Own Property, Real and Personal.] 
 The said board of administrators of the "Tuiaue Education 
 Fund " shall perpetually as administrators of the University of 
 Louisiana as abo^e provided, have full and complete control of 
 all the property and rights, and now vested in the University of 
 Louisiana. The said board shall have the powers above pro- 
 vided in addition to those conferred by its charter, by act passed 
 betore Chas. G. Andry, notary public, in the city of New Orleans, 
 on the 29th day of May, A. D., 1882, including the power to hold 
 and own all real and personal property, now to said board 
 belonging, or hereafter to be by it acquired, during its corporate 
 existence, for the purposes and objects of its being, or the reve- 
 nues whereof are to. be solely applicable to such purposes. 
 
 SEC. 135. [Name: the Tulane University of Louisiana.] In 
 honor of Paul Tulane and in recognition of his beneficent gifts 
 and of their dedication of their purposes expressed in this 
 act, the name of the University of Louisiana be, and the same is 
 hereby changed to that of the u Tulane University of Louisiana,"" 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 95 
 
 under which name it shall possess all the powers, privileges, 
 immunities and franchises, now vested in said University of 
 Louisiana, as well as such powers as may flow from this act or 
 may be vested in said board, under the term of this act, from 
 the adoption of the constitutional amendment hereafter referred 
 to. The purpose of this act, being, to invest the board of admin- 
 istrators of the "Tulane Education Fund" with all the rights 
 now vested m the University of Louisiana ; to give said board 
 moreover complete control of said university in all its depart- 
 ments, and in evrry respect, with all powers necessary or inci- 
 dental to the exercise of said control. To enable said board, 
 besides the powers designated by this act, to have irrevocably 
 upon the adoption of said constitutional amendment, full power 
 with the rights hereby conferred to create and develop a great 
 university in the city of New Orleans to be named as aforesaid j 
 said university to be established by the said board of adminis- 
 trators of the "Tulane Education Fund," to be dedicated to the 
 intellectual, moral and industrial education of the youth of the 
 State, in accordance with the charter of said board of adminis- 
 trators of the Tulane Education Fund. 
 
 SEC. 236. [Exemption from Taxation.] in consideration of 
 the agreement of said board to develop and maintain the Uiii- 
 sity of Louisiana, and thereby dedicate its revenues not to 
 purposes of private or corporate income or profit, but to 
 the public purposes of developing and maintaining the Uni- 
 versity of Louisiana, all the property of the said board, 
 present and future, be and the same is hereby recognized 
 as exempt from all taxation, State, parochial and munici- 
 pal; this exemption to remain in force as long as the reve- 
 nues of the said board are directed to the maintenance of 
 the University of Louisiana, as aforesaid, or until said consti- 
 tutional amendment be adopted. The adoption of said amend- 
 ment shall operate such exemption in consideration of the said 
 board expending their revenues as aforesaid, or creating, main- 
 taining and- developing a great university in the city of New 
 Orleans; provided, that the property exempted from taxation 
 
96 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 by this act shall not exceed in value ftve millions of dollars, 
 invested in real estate not otherwise exempted, which said value 
 shall be determined in the mode required by law for the assess- 
 ment and valuation of property subject to taxation, it being the 
 true meaning and intent hereof, that all the property of the 
 Tulaiie University of Louisiana, of whatsoever character, shall 
 be exempted from taxation, State, parochial and municipal, 
 except the excess of real estate belonging thereto, over and 
 above the value of five million dollars, as above stated. 
 
 SEC 237. [Scholarships to be Granted.] In consideration 
 of the vesting of the administration of the University of Lou- 
 isiana "in the said administrators of the "Tulane Education 
 Fund," of the transfer of the rights, posvers, privileges, fran- 
 chises and immunities of the said university to said administra- 
 tors and of the exemption from all taxation as herein above pro- 
 vided, the said administrators hereby agree and bind themselves, 
 with the revenues and income of the property heretofore given 
 them by Paul Tulane, Esq., as well as from the revenues of all 
 other property, real, personal, or mixed,' hereafter to be held, 
 owned or controlled by them, for the purposes of education, to 
 develop, foster, and maintain, to t e best of their ability and 
 judgment, the University of Louisiana, hereafter to be known as 
 the " Tulane University of Louisiana," and upon the adoption 
 of the constitutional amendment aforesaid, to perpetually use 
 the powers conferred by this act, and all power vested in them, 
 for the purpose of creating and maintaining in the city of New 
 Orleans a great university, devoted to the intellectual, moral 
 and industrial education and advancement of the youth of this 
 State, under the terms of the donation of Paul Tulane, and the 
 previous provisions of this act. The said board further agree 
 and bind themselves to waive all legal claim upon the State of 
 Louisiana for any appropriation, as provided in the Constitution 
 of this State, in favor ot the University ot Louisiana. Besides 
 the waiver of the claim, as aforesaid, as an additional considera- 
 tion between the parties of this act. the said board agrees to give 
 continuously, in the academic department, free tuition to one 
 
STATE SCHOOLS. 97 
 
 student from each senatorial and from each representative dis- 
 trict or parish, to be nominated by its member in the General As- 
 sembly from among the bonafide citizens and residents of his dis- 
 trict or parish, who shall comply with the requirements for admis- 
 sion established by said board. The meaning of this provision 
 being that each member of the General Assembly, whether senator 
 -or representative, shall have the right of appointing one student, 
 in accordance with the foregoing provisions. The free tuition 
 herein provided for shall contiuue until each student has grad- 
 uated from the academic department, unless his scholarship has 
 ceased from other causes. Whenever a scholarship becomes 
 vacant, from any cause, the senator or representative who ap- 
 pointed the previous student, or his successor, shall, in the 
 manner prescribed by this section, immediately name a successor. 
 SEC. 238. [Contract Between the State and the University.] 
 This act, in all its provisions be and the same is hereby declared 
 to be a contract between the State of Louisiana and the admin- 
 istrators of the "Tiilaiie Education Fund," irrevocably vesting 
 the said administrators of the u Tulaue Education Fund" with 
 the powers, franchises, rights, immunities and exemptions herein 
 enumerated and hereby granted, and irrevocably binding said 
 administrators to develop, foster, and maintain as above pro- 
 vided, the University as aforesaid in the city of New Orleans, 
 subject to and according with the terms of this act.* 
 
 Laws Transferred from the University of Louisiana to the Tulane 
 University of Louisiana. 
 
 SEC. 239. [Corporate Powers of the Board of Administrators.] 
 The administrators and their successors shall be and for- 
 ever remain a body politic and corporate and shall have 
 perpetual succession, and shall be able in law to sue and 
 be sued, implead and be impleaded, answer and be answered 
 
 *The two sections succeeding this section in the Act 43 of 1884, waich are sections 8 and 9, 
 are hereby o.uitted, as their provisions are only temporary. The first prescribed that the act, 
 without doubting the validity of thlaw, was to he submitted to the people for constitutional 
 ratification ; and 'the second ma:le the act effective pending the constitutional election. Seo- 
 tiom 10, 11 an:t 12 prondinj tor election aul containing repealing clauses are also omitted. 
 
98 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 uiito, defend and be defended in all courts and places what- 
 soever : and may have a common seal, and may change and alter 
 the same at their pleasure: and shall also be able in law to take 
 by purchase, gift, grant, devise and donation, inter tiros and 
 mortis causa, made by individuals and corporations, within this 
 ~e or elsewhere, and to hold any real or personal estate what- 
 ever. They and their successors shall have power to grant, bar- 
 gain, sell, lease, demise or otherwise dispose of (except by mort- 
 gage) all or any part of the real or personal estate, as to them 
 shall seem best for the interests of the University, excepting the 
 buildings of the University, the library, apparatus and scientific 
 collections, which shall only be conveyed after the consent of 
 the Legislature is first obtained. Xo mortgage shall ever be 
 given on any of the property of the University, unless specially 
 authorized by law for any specific purpose. 
 
 SEC. 240. [Departments of the University.] The University 
 shall be composed of the following departments or laculties, to- 
 wit: Law. Medicine, the Natural Sciences. Letters and College 
 proper, or Academical department : all of which, as the resources 
 of the University increase, shall be completed and the adminis- 
 trators, excepting the Medical department, which shall be com- 
 posed of and formed by the Medical College of Louisiana, as at 
 present organized and established by law ; which said depart- 
 ment, as hereafter provided for, shall be engrafted on the Univer- 
 sity, and be conducted as hereafter directed. 
 
 SEC. 241. [Powers of the Board of Administrators.] The 
 administrators shall have the power to direct and prescribe the 
 course of study and the discipline to be observed in the Univer- 
 sity; to appoint by ballot, or otherwise, the president of the 
 Umiversity. who shall hold his office at the pleasure of the boaid 
 and perform the duties of a professor ; to appoint professors, 
 tutors and ushers to assist in the government and instruction of 
 the students, and such other officers as they may deem necessary, 
 they being removable at the pleasure of the board. They shall 
 fix the salaries of the president, professors and tutors, in the 
 
STATE SCHOOL*. Cft 
 
 Academical department, and fill vacancies in the professorships. 
 Vacancies in the Law or Medical department shall be filled from 
 persons first recommended to the administrators by the faculty 
 of the department In which a vacancy may happen. Xo pro- 
 fessor, tutor, or other assistant officer shall be an administrator 
 of the University. 
 
 SEC. 242. [By-Laws and Regulations.] They shall have 
 power to make all ordinances and by-laws which to them shall 
 seem expedient for carrying into eft'ect the design contemplated 
 by the establishment of this University, not inconsistent with 
 the Constitution of the United States and of this State, nor with 
 the provisions of their charter. They shall not make the religion* 
 tenets of any person a condition of the admission to any privi- 
 lege or office in the University, nor shall any course of religions 
 instruction be taught or allowed of a sectarian character and 
 tendency. 
 
 SEC. 243. | Literary Honors and Degrees.] They shall have 
 the right of conferring under their common seal, on any person 
 whom they may think worthy thereof, all literary honors and 
 degrees known and usually granted by any university or college 
 in the United States or elsewhere. The degree of Bachelor of 
 Law, and Doctor of Medicine, granted by them, shall authorize 
 the person on whom it is conferred to practice law, physic and 
 surgery in this State. 
 
 SEC. 244. [Transfer of Property.] All of the real and personal 
 estate whatsoever belonging to the Medical College of Louisiana, 
 is hereby transferred to and vested in the University o'f Lou- 
 isiana ; provided, the administrators of the University appro- 
 priate the sum which the real and personal estate of the Medical 
 College cost to the purchase of philosophical and chemical appa- 
 ratus for the use of the college, and the Medical College, as it is 
 now organized, is herein and hereby incorporated with and made 
 a part of the University of Louisiana, and shall constitute the 
 only medical department of the University. The professors now 
 filling the chairs in that school shall constitute the medical 
 
100 STATE SCHOOLS. 
 
 faculty of the department of medicine of the University, and fill 
 the same chairs in the University now filled by them in the 
 Medical School of. Louisiana, and hereafter be under the govern- 
 ment of the board of administrators of the University. The 
 requisites for admission, the examination of candidates for their 
 degrees in the medical and law departments, the management 
 of pecuniary concerns, the salaries of the professors, the tuition 
 and the terms of admission, shall be under the exclusive control 
 of the faculty of the departments respectively. 
 
 SEC. 245. [Department of Law.] The department of law 
 liall consist of three or more professors, who shall be required 
 to give a full course of lectures on international, constitutional, 
 maritime, commercial and municipal or civil law, and instruc- 
 tion in the practice thereof. 
 
 SEC. 246. [Access of the Medical Department to the Charity 
 Hospital.] The medical department of the University shall at 
 all times have free access to the Charity Hospital of New Orleans, 
 for the purpose of affording their students practical illustrations 
 of the subjects they teach. 
 
INDEX, 
 
 AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, STATE UNIVERSITY 
 AND, 
 
 Constitutional provisions 7-J 
 
 Legislative enactments 71 
 
 BLIND, INSTITUTE FOR THE 85 
 
 CITY SCHOOLS. 
 
 School board 5$ 
 
 Services of directors without compensation, superintendent 6t> 
 
 Taxes prior to 1880, judgments, board of liquidation 61 
 
 Treasurer . . 62 
 
 Expenses, report of the board . . ... 83 
 
 Proper evidences of claims 64 
 
 COLORED UNIVERSITY. 
 
 Constitutional clause . . . 7 
 
 Southern University 89' 
 
 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS * 
 
 DEAF AND DUMB, INSTITUTION FOR THE 87 
 
 DEBT. 
 
 Evidences of debt non-negotiable 13 
 
 Limit of contract obligations 15 
 
 DECISIONS AND APPEALS. 
 
 Appeal of removed superintendent 12 
 
 Decisions by the State Superintendent 22" 
 
 DONATIONS 5O 
 
 ENUMERATION OF EDUCABLE YOUTH. 
 
 Parish superintendent's duty in relation thereto 24 
 
 Assessor's duty 25* 
 
 EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 Competitive 3 
 
 Fee, duties of examiners 34 
 
 Certificate, requirements 35> 
 
 Exception in regard to certain graduates 26 
 
102 INDEX. 
 
 EXEMPTION. 
 
 Schools from taxation 4 
 
 Officers from jury duty 18 
 
 EXPROPRIATIONS OF LAND 16 
 
 FRENCH LANGUAGE. 
 
 Constitutional provisions 6 
 
 Legislative enactment 53 
 
 FUNDS, SCHOOL. 
 
 Sectarian schools cannot receive 6 
 
 Of what they shall consist 6 
 
 Free school, seminary, agricultural and mechanical 8 
 
 Transfer of, disbursement 27 
 
 Apportionment of 38 
 
 HYGIENE AND TEMPERANCE. 
 
 Shall be taught in the public schools 53 
 
 INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE, STATE. 
 
 Establishment and rules , 69 
 
 INSTITUTES. 
 
 Attendance obligatory, penalty for superintendent's absence, parish 
 
 institutes 29 
 
 Members, managers, fund 30 
 
 Orleans excepted, reports, State institutes, conductor 31. 
 
 Assistant lecturers, notification to teachers 32 
 
 Penalty for teacher's absence, leave of absence from schools, com- 
 pensation, certificate, report 33 
 
 LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY 71 
 
 LAND FOR SCHOOL HOUSE SITES. 
 
 Expropriations 16 
 
 Sale by the Land Register 17 
 
 NORMAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 State Normal School 66 
 
 OATH OF OFFICE .. 12 
 
 PARISH OFFICERS. 
 
 Terms of office, removal 12 
 
 PARISH SUPERINTENDENT. 
 
 Qualifications, salary, visits 23 
 
 Additional Compensation, teachers, enumeration of youth '. ..... 24 
 
 Annual report, custody of papers 25 
 
 Oaths he may administer, office days 26 
 
 Penalty for absence from institute 29 
 
INDEX. 103 
 
 REVENUE. 
 
 Apportionment of current school fund 38 
 
 Police jury and municipal tax, bonds and fines 39 
 
 Special tax 40 
 
 Poll tax 40 
 
 Sale of sixteenth section lands, election 43 
 
 Survey, order of the Auditor . 44 
 
 Unhabitable lands, sale 45 
 
 Treasurer's commission, lease, proceeds 46 
 
 Annulling sales, collection of notes 47 
 
 Attorney's compensation 48 
 
 Capital due the several townships, trespass 49 
 
 Donations : authorised, conditions, trustees 50 
 
 Trustees, fidei conmiissse, of town charters 51 
 
 Prescription of debts 52 
 
 :SCHOOL BOARD, PARISH. 
 
 Body corporate 12 
 
 Evidence of debt non-negotiable, exempt from furnishing bonds in 
 
 suits, attorney, duties and authority 13 
 
 Debts, duties of president and secretary, reports 15 
 
 Expropriation of land for school house sites 16 
 
 School districts , . . 18 
 
 SCHOOLS. 
 
 Graded and high schools 52 
 
 Branches to be taught, hygiene and temperance 53 
 
 Text books, sectarian schools, days of rest 54 
 
 (See also CITY SCHOOLS.) 
 
 SIXTEENTH SECTIONS (See REVENUE). 
 
 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 
 
 Of whom composed 10 
 
 Time of meeting, may require reports, duties and powers 11 
 
 STATE INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 State Normal School 66 
 
 State Industrial College at Ruston (59 
 
 Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College 71 
 
 Institute for the Blind 85 
 
 Institute for the Deaf and Dumb 87 
 
 Southern University (for Colored Persons) 89 
 
 Tulane University of Louisiana 92 
 
104 INDEX. 
 
 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. 
 
 Office, salary, duties, expenses % . . 20' 
 
 Biennial report, suggestions for Deaf and Dumb Institute 21 
 
 Copies of records admissible in evidence, reports 22 
 
 Decisions and appeals 22' 
 
 SUITS. 
 
 Exemption from furnishing bond, school board, attorney 13 
 
 TAX (See REVENUE). 
 
 TEACHERS. 
 
 Parish and State Teachers' Institutes 29* 
 
 Examination and certificates of proficiency 33 
 
 Accountability of pupils to teachers 36 
 
 TEXT BOOKS. 
 
 State Board of Education to adopt 11 
 
 Hygiene and Temperance 54 
 
 WOMEN ELIGIBLE TO SCHOOL OFFICES. 
 
 Constitutional clause 8- 
 
 Same declared operative by legislative enactment 12: 
 
SYLLABI OF IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SUPREME COURT. 
 
 CERTIFICATES OF INDEBTEDNESS. 
 
 The board of directors for the Public Schools of New Or- 
 leans have the control of school funds placed to their charge for 
 the maintenance of the schools. It devolves upon this board to 
 compel corporations to comply with their ordinances levying 
 taxes for the schools, if they fail to comply with their obligation 
 in this respect. 
 
 The board of directors have authority to stand in judgment j. 
 to institute or defend suits. The creditor of the school board 
 has no right of action against the city of New Orleans to compel 
 the city to recognize the validity of his claim. . 
 
 School certificates of indebtedness issued by the board of 
 directors of the Public Schools for the years 1874, 1875 and 1876 r 
 are not debts of the city of New Orleans, and actions for the pur- 
 pose of having them recognized as valid claims can be maintained 
 against the School Board, as it is authorized to pass on the 
 validity of the evidence of indebtedness of every one who alleges 
 that he is a creditor. 
 
 The city of New .Orleans turns over amounts collected for 
 schools to the treasurer of the School Board. This officer notes 
 the taxes of different years and applies the amount to the pay- 
 ment of certificates from the taxes of these years from which the 
 creditors are entitled to payment. Fisher et al. vs. /School 
 Directors, 184, 44 Ann. 
 
106 APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. 
 
 DEBTS OF DEFUNCT INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 The president of the board of supervisors of the Louisiana 
 State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College can- 
 not be compelled to warrant on any fund to pay a debt of either 
 of the two former corporations, known respectively as "the 
 Louisiana State University" and "the Agricultural and Me- 
 chanical College." 31 Ann., 711, State ex rel. Schorten, Agent, 
 vs. President Board of (Supervisors. 
 
 A mere stated account between the superintendent of the 
 Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical 
 College, and one of the professors employed in that institution, 
 signed by the superintendent, is not such conclusive proof of the 
 amount due the professor as would enable the latter to man- 
 damus the president of the board of supervisors of the institution 
 to warrant for the amount, even if the president was authorized 
 to draw such a warrant. Ib. 
 
 EX CONTRACTU OBLIGATION. 
 
 The obligation of the Treasurer of the School Board of 
 Union parish to account tor funds received by him, is ex contracts 
 and fiduciary in its character, and is only barred by the pre- 
 scription of ten years. 32 Ann., 793, Board of School Directors 
 of Union Parish vs. J. E. Trimble. 
 
 FREE SCHCOL BONDS. 
 
 The sale of bonds constituting a part of the " free school 
 fund," made in virtue of Act No. 81 of 1872, was utterly null 
 and void, and conferred no title on the purchaser, and no future 
 assignee or the purchaser, who took the bonds in good faith, for 
 value, and before their maturity, could acquire a title to them. 
 
 Bonds that are a part of the assets of the "free school 
 fund " are consigned by law to the custody of the Secretary of 
 State and Auditor of Public Accounts, and those officers have a 
 right to claim their possession in whatever hands they may be 
 found. And this right is not aifected by the prescription of 
 
APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. 107 
 
 three years.-^-31 Ann., 1~5, Sun Mutual Insurance Company vs. 
 Board of Liquidation, (Secretary of State and Auditor, Intervenors. 
 
 LIMITATION OF CONTRACT. 
 
 The teachers of the public schools of New Orleans cannot, 
 under the law, be appointed for a longer term than one year. 
 34 Ann., 354, F. A. Golden vs. Board of Public School Directors 
 
 of Neiv Orleans. 
 
 EECOVERY OF FUNDS. 
 
 Where a mistake has been made by the State Treasurer in 
 announcing to the State Superintendent of Public Education 
 the amount of funds for apportionment among the educable 
 children of the State, but before the apportionment could be 
 cancelled the school directors of Orleans had received their 
 quota under it, when the true sum has been ascertained and 
 announced to the superintendent, and a revised apportionment 
 is to be made, it is prop'er that the superintendent should take 
 into account, when apportioning to Orleans, the sum already 
 improperly paid to her under the mistake, and which payment 
 has been made in consequence of that mistake. 36 Ann., 241, 
 The State ex rel. Board of School Directors, etc., vs. E. H. Fay, 
 Superintendent, etc. 
 
 A school board organized according to law has a right to 
 stand in court to claim from another school board likewise con- 
 stituted, school funds which should have been paid to it by the 
 State authorities and which were illegally paid out to the latter. 
 A receipt therefor would exonerate the debtor board. 
 
 If the funds are not in kind in. the possession of said board, 
 but can be traced to property in which they have been invested 
 by such board, the property itself can be recovered in place of 
 the funds which it represents. 
 
 An action to recover under such circumstances is not barred 
 by the prescription of five years or less. 36 Ann., 806, School 
 JSoard vs. School Board. 
 
108 APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. 
 
 SALE OF WARRANTS. 
 
 Under the authority of the Board of School Directors of a 
 parish, the treasurer of the board may make a valid sale of the- 
 warrants of the State which represent that portion of the inte; est 
 on the free school fund due to said parish. 31 Ann., 158, Board 
 of School Directors of Concordia Parish vs. Hernandez. 
 
 SCHOOL LAND, TENDER, ETC. 
 
 The residents and alleged tax payers in a township in whom 
 is vested the title of the sixteenth section for the maintenance of 
 the schools, have the right to invoke an interposition of the 
 court to annul the sale of this section, 
 
 Tender as a prerequisite to the suit cannot be required^ 
 The price was not received by the plaintiffs. No title passed 
 to the adjudicatee of the property. 
 
 The amount should be returned by the authority by which 
 it was received. In the meantime plaintiffs can prosecute their 
 suit to have the sale annulled. 
 
 The general government donated the sixteenth sections to- 
 the townships and authorized their sale, with the consent of the 
 inhabitants residing within their respective limits. The legis- 
 lative department of the State in compliance with the conditions 
 of the grant, adopted laws requiring elections to be held to ascer- 
 tain the will of the majority of their voters residing within the 
 townships and providing certain prerequisites for the sale. Art 
 election not having been held in the township, the return of the- 
 election not being sustained at all, the adjudication made was 
 null. 
 
 The sixteenth section offered for sale should bring its ap- 
 praised value, which may not be less than $1.25 per acre. 
 44 Ann., 365, Telle et al. vs. School Board et al. 
 
 SURETYSHIP. 
 
 Where the sureties on a five-thousand-dollar bond are- 
 jointly sued for an amount aggregating two thousand dollars, 
 this court will have jurisdiction, although the demand against 
 
APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. 109 
 
 -each surety is less than $500. 31 Ann., 297, Stale ex rel. School 
 Board, Parish of tit. Tammany vs. Cousin et al. 
 
 Where the plaintiff who sues the sureties on an official bond 
 alleges the hopeless insolvency of the principal, the sureties 
 will not deprive themselves of the right of discussion, to tfhich 
 they are entitled uader the law, by pleadi ig an exception that 
 admits the truth of the averment of insolvency. Ib. 
 
 When the principal and sureties on an official bond are sued 
 together, the judgment is res adjudicata as to the sureties, and 
 within the limit of the amounts for which they are held under 
 the terms of their bond, they are bound to make good the entire 
 judgment against the principal, including the penalty. 40 Ann., 
 705, Eastin if* Breaux vs. Board of School Directors. 
 
 TAXATION. 
 
 The word " may" found in Section 54 of Act No. 81 of 1888, 
 does not mean shall. Traced back, through the last sentence of 
 Article 339 of the Constitution to Act No. 23, Section 28 of 1877, 
 which the framers of that instrument intended to continue in 
 force in that respect, it simply means are authorized. 
 
 The Constitution merely directed that the Legisliture "snail 
 provide that every parish may levy a tax,"- which means is 
 authorized or empowered. 
 
 Any legislation seeming to impose upon police juries the 
 duty or obligation of levying the tax would transcend the dele- 
 gated authority and-so be unconstitutional and barren in etfect. 
 
 Police juries are therefore clothed by law with the discre- 
 tionary or optional power of levying or not, as their wisdom may 
 see fit and proper, the tax iii question for school purposes. 
 
 In case of failure to collect the tax, no mandamus can issue 
 to compel the levy. 40 Ann., 755, State ex rel. School Directors 
 vs. Police Jury. 
 
 TAXATION. 
 
 A municipal corporation, sued under an enactment deemed 
 by it to be unconstitutional, the object of which is to compel it 
 
110 APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. 
 
 to increase an appropriation from its alimony, has a right to 
 plead the unconstitutionally of the act and to have the conten- 
 tion determined by the courts. 
 
 It cannot be called upon to show cause why a relief sought 
 against it should not be granted and when it appears, in response, 
 be met with the objection, that it has no standing in court and 
 cannot be heard. 
 
 In such case, the courts will not refuse to listen to the 
 defence 5 but will inquire and pass upon its merits. 
 
 The supremacy of a legislature over a city is not so absolute 
 that it cannot be restrained by the organic law. Limitations 
 imposed by the Constitution upon its powers cannot be over- 
 leaped. 
 
 The system of free schools in Louisiana is a State institution, 
 for the establishment, maintenance and support of which the 
 State is required to provide by taxation, or otherwise. 
 
 As a ri-le, the taxing powers may be exercised by the Gen- 
 eral Assembly for State purposes only, and by parish and mu- 
 nicipal corporations, under authority granted them by the Legis- 
 lature, for parish and municipal purposes alone; but, under 
 express sanction of the Constitution, the General Assembly 
 "may" authorize parishes to levy a tax tor the public schools 
 therein, not exceeding the. State tax and, with other parish 
 taxes, not exceeding the limits of parish taxation, fixed by the 
 Constitution. 
 
 The Legislature cannot force a parish to levy a tax for school 
 purposes. It may authorize it to do so, and when it has done 
 so, and the parish undertakes to raise it, the constitution ill limits 
 must be observed. 
 
 To be valid, the levy of such a tax must find its authority in 
 the organic law. The legislature has therefore no authority to- 
 compel the city of STew Orleans, which is the parish of Orleans, 
 to make an appropriation to stand in place of the amount which 
 a school tax, if specially levied, would have realized. 
 
APPENDIX IMPORTANT SCHOOL DECISIONS. Ill 
 
 The Legislature cannot transgress its powers, or invade 
 those which are secured by. the Constitution to the city of Xew 
 Orleans. It can not do indirectly that which it is incompetent 
 to do directly. 
 
 Although the first part of Section 71 of Act 81 of 1888, may 
 be constitutional, the provisos which follow it and which require 
 the city of Kew Orleans to appropriate no less than $250,000, for 
 school purposes, are unconstitutional. They are, therefore, 
 deemed unwritten and not binding on the city. 42, Ann., 92 r 
 btate ex rel. School Board vs. City of New Orleans. 
 
ises. 
 
 THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 
 
 EX-OFFICIO MEMBERS. 
 
 GOVERNOR MURPHY J. FOSTER, President. 
 
 M. J. CUNNINGHAM, Attorney General. 
 
 A. D. LAFARGUE, State Superintendent of Public Education and Secretary. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE MEMBERS. 
 
 PROF. ALCEE FORTIER, Tulane University, New Orleans, First Con- 
 gressional District. 
 
 REV. MAX HELLER, 242 Jackson Street, New Orleans, Second Congres- 
 sional District. 
 
 WILLIAM CLEGG, Lafayette, Third Congressional District. 
 
 FREDERIC SEIP, Alexandria, Fourth Congressional District. 
 
 FRANKLIN GARRETT, Monroe, Fifth Congressional District. 
 
 THOMAS OVERTON, Marksville, Sixth Congressional District. 
 
RKSOLUTION 
 
 Passed by the State Board of Education on the 19th 
 day of October, 1894. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this board is hereby directed 
 to prepare a Compilation of School Laws, and to codify all enact- 
 ments now in effect in such manner as to serve the convenience 
 of school officers as a book of legal reference, and he is author- 
 ized to add such annotations and appendices as he may deem 
 proper in interpreting the law. 
 
 8 
 
ADOPTED BY 
 
 THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 
 
 KULE I. The elementary schools in cities and towns shall 
 contain at least six grades, viz : first, second, third (and possi- 
 bly fourth), primary and first and second Grammar Departments ; 
 but such changes may be made by the local board as the condi- 
 tion of the locality may require. 
 
 RULE II. In the primary departments there shall be taught: 
 spelliDg, reading, phonetics, writing, geography, arithmetic and 
 object lessons. 
 
 In the Grammar Departments, thorough instruction shall 
 be given if the derivation of words, dictation, reading, writing, 
 arithmetic, grammar, geography, history, elocution, composition, 
 declamation, the natural sciences, and when possible, vocal and 
 instrumental music ; also drawing. It is recommended that the 
 French language be taught in those localities, where the French 
 population predominates, provided, the expenses of the school 
 are not increased. 
 
 RULE III. The High School, or Central School, shall con- 
 tinue the instruction of such youths as can pursue such studies 
 as will best prepare them for admission to the Normal Schools, 
 or to the freshman class of Tulane University and the freshman 
 class of the Louisiana State University and A. and M. College. 
 
 RULE IY. The Normal Schools shall have for their object 
 the professional training of young men and women as teachers 
 for the common schools of the State, and to thereby improve the 
 standard of the public schools. 
 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 115 
 
 SCHOOL SESSIONS. 
 
 RULE V. The scholastic year shall be deemed to commence 
 on the second Monday of September of each year. 
 
 RULU VI. The daily sessions shall not be less than five 
 hours. 
 
 EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 EULE VII. A public examination shall be held at least 
 once each year. All the classes in the High Schools and Normal 
 Schools shall be examined in writing in each branch of study 
 when it is completed. 
 
 VACATIONS AND HOLIDAYS, 
 
 RULE VIII. The schools shalls be closed on Saturdays and 
 Sundays, and on such other days as may be directed by the 
 Parish Boards. 
 
 TEACHERS. 
 
 RULE IX. Teachers shall be at their respective rooms at 
 least fifteen minutes before the hour of opening each session, 
 and shall, in their daily registers, to be kept by the Principal, 
 record the names and the time of arrival of each teacher,- and 
 any teacher not complying, shall be reported to the local super- 
 intendent, for such action as he may see proper under the laws, 
 rules and regulations. The teachers shall remain on the school 
 grounds, or in the premises, and exercise supervision over the 
 pupils during each recess or intermission. 
 
 RULE X. The jurisdiction and authority of the teacher 
 over the pupils shall not be limited to the school house or enclo- 
 sures nor to the actual session of the school. Generally in mat- 
 tars connected with the schools and the manners and morals of 
 the scholars, his authority, with that of the parent, commences 
 when pupils leave the parental roof and control, to go to school, 
 and shall continue until their return from school. The teacher, 
 however, shall not be responsible for the misc >nduct of pupils 
 on the way to and from school, though he shall have the right 
 to punish for misconduct when brought to his knowledge. 
 
116 RULES AND- REGULATIONS. 
 
 RULE XI. The teachers shall bestow equal and impartial 
 attention on' all their pupils. 
 
 EULE XII. It shall be their duty to practice such discipline 
 in their schools as would be exercised by a kind and judicious 
 parent in his family, always firm and vigilant but prudent. 
 They shall endeavor on all proper occasions, to impress upon 
 the minds of their pupils the principles of morality aud virtue; a 
 sacred regard for truth, reverence for the ( 'reator, respect for 
 oae another, rectitude, industry and frugality. But no teacher 
 shall exercise any sectarian or political influence in the school. 
 They shall see that all pupils under their charge distinctly under- 
 stand all rules relating to pupils, aud they shall teach them the 
 rules of health hygiene and the bad effects of narcotics, as 
 required by Act No. 40 of the General Assembly of 1888. 
 
 EULE XIII. Any teacher who may be absent from school 
 on account of sickness or other necessity must cause immediate 
 notice to be given to the local superintendent. Teachers absent 
 three consecutive days without cause may be considered as hav- 
 ing abandoned their positions. 
 
 EULE XIV. No teacher shall resign without giving two 
 weeks notice to the local superintendent, else he may be made 
 to forfeit one half month's pay. 
 
 EULE XV. Teachers shall not hold any position of higher 
 grade than the one. corresponding to their certificates, nor shall 
 the salary be larger than that allowed to the grade in which 
 they teach. 
 
 EULE XVI. All teachers shall attend the State aud Parish 
 Institutes, when notified by the superintendent. - 
 
 PELNCIPAL TEACHEES. 
 
 EULE XVII. The principal teachers shall keep a register, 
 in which they shall record the name, age, birth place, residence, 
 the names of the parents or guardians of each pupil entering the 
 public schools, also the occupation of the parent or guardian. 
 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 117 
 
 EULE XVIII. The principals shall be required within one 
 week after the commencement of each term, to have the pro- 
 gramme of their daily exercises posted in the school room, in a 
 conspicuous place, and shall transmit a copy to the local super- 
 intendent and one to the State superintendent. 
 
 EULE XIX. They shall keep a daily record of all pupils 
 admitted ; those present, those absent or tardy. They shall, at 
 the end of each month, report the condition of their respective 
 schools to the local superintendent, and file in his office, a copy 
 of their respective registers, and, at the close of the school year, 
 shall forward a certified copy of said register to the State Board 
 of Educat on ; they shall also keep records and make reports as 
 required by Act No. 81, of the year 1888. 
 
 EULE XX. The principal shall have supervisory control 
 of the grounds, buildings and appliances, also, furniture and 
 other common school property, and shall be held responsible for 
 any want of neatness or cleanliness of the premises. 
 
 Whenever repairs are needed, the president of the school 
 board should be notified by him. 
 
 PUPILS' ADMISSION. 
 
 EULE XXI. Children entering the public schools are re- 
 quired to furnish all the necessary text-books and stationery 
 used in their classes. The pupils are to be admitted in the pri- 
 mary schools not younger than six years. A pupil can begin 
 school only on the first day of each week, and is to be accom- 
 panied at the time of his admission, by one of his parents, or 
 guardian, or by a friend who will see to the proper registry of 
 his name and furnish any further needful information. 
 
 EULE XXII. They must attend the school established in 
 the local school district in which they reside, or such school as 
 the local board may designate. 
 
 EULE XXIII. All transfirs within {he schools, or from one 
 school to another, rendered necessary for any cause, shall be 
 made by authority of the local superintendent. Pupils wishing 
 
118 RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
 
 transfers, must produce certificates from 1 heir former teachers, 
 stating their reasons and the class to which they belonged. 
 
 EULE XIV. No pupil shall be admitted to school after 10 
 o'clock, or allowed to depart before the appointed hour, except 
 in case of sickness, or for other cause in the judgment of the 
 teacher. 
 
 EULE XXV. No pupil shall be admitted to the High School, 
 unless he has undergone a sufficient and satisfactory examina- 
 tion. 
 
 DIEECTIONS TO SCHOOL OFFICEES AND OTHEES 
 CONNECTED WITS THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 
 
 EULE XXVI. Officers connected with the department of 
 public schools, and all the employees are earnestly requested, 
 indeed directed, to exert every reasonable endeavor to the pro- 
 motion of the schools. They should avoid all antagonism and 
 unkind opposition, but should never fail whenever opportunity 
 offers, to exercise their influence in behalf of a system that gives 
 to many youths of our State, the opportunity of escaping from 
 the benighted condition of the absolutely illiterate. 
 
 In all matters of revenue for the schools, they should always 
 endeavor to create a healthy condition, thereby assisting in set- 
 ting aside (without its being a burden to any one) a sufficient 
 amount to maintain a school system as it should be. 
 
 By co-operative action the schools will become the pride of 
 the State and reflect its excellence, and the contributors will be 
 more than rewarded by the improved condition. 
 
 EULES FOE THE EXAMINATION OF TEACHEES. 
 
 I. Teachers shall not be examined to teach nor be given a 
 certificate unless they enjoy a good moral character. 
 
 The committee of examiners shall cause teachers to appear 
 before them and be examined in the branches they are to teach. 
 
 II. The examination, when two or more apply for the same 
 position, shall be competitive ; the questions shall be answered 
 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 119 
 
 in writing in presence of the examiners, in all branches in which 
 such an examination is practicable. 
 
 III. The written answers shall be examined, the merit 
 marks or figures noted, and the candidate receiving the largest 
 aggregate shall be preferred, provided, he is found competent. 
 
 IY. A record of examination shall be kept by the local 
 superintendent and shall be subject to the inspection of any 
 officer connected with the schools. 
 
 Public notice should always be given of the day the exam- 
 ination will be held. 
 
 The appointee may be given charge of a school on probation 
 during a period not longer than one month, during which time 
 permanent engagement may be made else he should not be 
 employed, but paid for the services rendered. 
 
STATE OF LOUISIANA, 
 DEPARTflENT OF EDUCATION. 
 
 THE 
 
 PUBLIC SCHOOL LAWS 
 
 OF 1896 AND 1898. 
 
 With Rules Adopted by the State Board of Education. 
 SUPPLEMENT TO THIRD COMPILATION. 
 
 ISSUED BY 
 
 J. V. 
 
 Superintendent of Public Education. 
 
 BATON ROUGE : 
 
 THE ADVOCATE, OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE STATK OF LOUISIANA. 
 
 1898. 
 
 JS 
 
STATE OF LOUISIANA, 
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. 
 
 
 THE 
 
 PUBLIC SCHOOL LAWS 
 
 OF 1896 AND 1898, 
 
 With Rules Adopted by the State Board of Education. 
 SUPPLEMENT TO THIRD COMPILATION. 
 
 ISSUED BY 
 
 J. V. 
 Superintendent of Public Education. 
 
 BATON ROUGE : 
 
 THE ADVOCATE, OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, 
 
 1898. 
 
NOTE. 
 
 This book contains all educational acts of a general 
 character passed in the legislative sessions of 1896 and 1898, 
 Some acts of a local character, especially those relating to 
 prohibition of the sale of spirituous liquors near certain 
 schools, are not here included. They must be sought in the 
 regular publications of acts, as they are too numerous to be 
 incorporated in this circular. 
 
 J. V. CALHOUN, 
 State Superintendent of Public Education. 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 Art. 230. (Educational Institutions Exempt from Taxa- 
 tion.) The following shall be exempt from taxation, and no 
 other, viz: All public property, places of religious worship, 
 or burial, all charitable institutions, all buildings and prop- 
 erty used exclusively for public monuments or historical col- 
 lections, colleges and other school purposes, the real and per- 
 sonal estate of any library, and that of any other library 
 association used by or connected with such library, all books 
 and philosophical apparatus, and all paintings and statuary 
 of any company or association kept in a public hall; provided, 
 the property so exempted be not leased for purposes of pri- 
 vate or corporate profit and income. ***** 
 
 Art. 231. (Poll-Tax of one Dollar.) The General As- 
 sembly shall levy an annual poll tax of one dollar upon every 
 male inhabitant in the State between the ages of twenty-one 
 and sixty years, for the maintenance of the public schools in 
 the parishes where collected. 
 
 Art. 232. (School Tax on a Vote of Property Tax-Payers.) 
 The State tax on properly for all purposes whatever, in- 
 cluding expenses of government, schools, levees and interest, 
 shall not exceed, in any one year. ; ix mills on the dollar of 
 its assessed valuation, and, except as ctherv.'ise provided in 
 this Constitution, no parish, municipal or public board tax 
 for all purposes whatsoever, shall exceed in any one year ten 
 mills on the dollar of valuation; provided, that for giving 
 additional support to public schools, and for the purpose of 
 erecting and constructing public buildings, public school 
 houses, bridges, wharves, levees, sewerage work and other 
 works of permanent public improvement, the title to which 
 shall be in the public, any parish, municipal corporation, ward 
 or school district may levy a special tax in excess of said 
 limitation, whenever the rate of such increase and the number 
 of years it is to be levied and the purpose or purposes for 
 which the tax is intended, shall have been submitted to a vote 
 of the property taxpayers of each parish, ward or school dis- 
 trict entitled to vote under the election laws of the State, and 
 a majority of the same in numbers and in value voting at such 
 election shall have voted therefor. 
 
 Art. 248. (Free Schools; for Whom; Apportionment of 
 Funds.) There shall be free public schools for the white and 
 colored races, seperately established by the General Assem- 
 bly, throughout the State, for the education of all the children 
 of the State between the ages of six and eighteen years; pro- 
 
4 CONSTITUTIONAL, PROVISIONS. 
 
 vided, that where kindergarten schools exist, children be- 1 
 tween the ages of four and six may be admitted into said ! 
 schools. All funds raised by the State for the support of 
 public schools, except the poll tax, shall be distributed to 
 each parish in proportion to the number of children therein 
 between the ages of six and eighteen years. The General 
 Assembly, at its next session shall provide for the enumera- 
 tion of educable children. 
 
 Art. 249. (State Superintendent.) There shall be elected 
 by the qualified electors of the State a Superintendent of 
 Public Education, who shall hold his office for the term of 
 four years, and until his successor is qualified. His duties 
 shall be prescribed by law, and he shall receive an annual 
 salary of two thousand dollars. The aggregate annual ex- 
 penses of his office, including his salary, shall not exceed the 
 sum of four thousand dollars. 
 
 Art. 250. (State Board of Education; Parish Boards and 
 Officers.) The General Assembly shall provide for the crea- 
 tion of a State Board and Parish Boards of Public Education. 
 The Parish Boards shall elect a Parish Superintendent of 
 Public Education for their respective parishes, whose quali- 
 fications shall be fixed by the Legislature, and who shall be 
 ex-officio secretary of the Parish Board. The salary of the 
 Parish Superintendent shall be provided for by the General 
 Assembly, to be paid out of the public school funds accruing 
 to the respective parishes. 
 
 Art. 251. (French May be Taught.) The general exercises 
 in the public schools shall be conducted in the English lan- 
 guage; provided, that the French language may be taught in 
 those parishes or localities where the French language pre- 
 dominates, if no additional expense is incurred thereby. 
 
 At. 252. (Application of the Poll Tax.) The funds de- 
 rived from the collection of the poll tax shall be applied ex- 
 clusively to the maintenance of the public schools as or- 
 ganized under this Constitution, and shall be applied exclu- 
 sively to the support of the public schools in the parish in 
 which the same shall be collected, and shall be accounted for; 
 and paid by the collecting officer directly to the treasurer of 
 the local school board. 
 
 Art. 253. (Sectarian Schools Cannot Receive Public 
 School Funds.) No funds raised for the support of the public' 
 schools of the State shall be appropriated to or used for the 
 support of any private or sectarian schools. 
 
 Art. 254. (School Funds Of what they Shall Consist.) 
 The school funds of the State shall consist of: 1st. Not less 
 than one and one Quarter mills of the six mills tax levied and 
 collected by the State. 2d. The proceeds of taxation for 
 school purposes as provided by this Constitution. 3d. 
 The interest on. the proceeds of all public lands heretofore 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PORVISIONS. 5 
 
 granted or to be granted by the United States for the support 
 of the public schools, and the revenue derived from such lands 
 as may remain unsold. 4th. Of lands and other property 
 heretofore and hereafter bequeathed, granted, or donated' to 
 the State for school purposes. 5th. All funds and property, 
 other than unimproved lands, bequeathed or granted to the 
 State, not designated for any other purpose. 6th. The pro- 
 ceeds of vacant estates falling under the law to the State of 
 Louisiana. 7th. The legislature may appropriate to the 
 game fund the proceeds of public lands not designated or set 
 apart for any other purpose, and shall provide that every 
 parish shall levy a tax for the public schools therein, which 
 shall not exceed the entire State tax; provided, that with 
 such a tax the whole amount of parish taxes shall not exceed 
 the limits of parish taxation fixed by this Constitution. The 
 -City of New Orleans sihall make such appropriations for the 
 support, maintenance and repair of the public schools of said 
 city as it may deem proper, but not less than eight tenths of 
 one mill for one year; and said schools shall continue to receive 
 from the Board of Liquidation of the City Debt, the amounts 
 to which they are now entitled under the Constitutional 
 amendment, adopted in the year 1892. 
 
 Art. 255. (State University and A. and M. College.) 
 The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Me- 
 chanical College, founded upon the land grants of the 
 United States to endow a seminary of learning and a 
 college for the benefit of agriculture and mechanic arts, 
 now established and located in the City of Baton Rouge, 
 is hereby recognized; and all revenues derived and to 
 be derived from the seminary fund, the Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College fund, and other funds or lands donated 
 or to be donated by the United States to the State of 
 Louisiana for the use of a seminary of learning or of a 
 college for the benefit of agriculture or the mechani;- aits, shall 
 be appropriated exclusively to the maintenance and support 
 of the said Louisiana State University and Agricultural and 
 Mechanical College; and the General Assembly shall make 
 such additional appropriations as may be necessary for its 
 maintenance, support, and improvement, and for the estab- 
 lishment, in connection with said institution, of such addi- 
 tional scientific or literary departments as the public neces- 
 sities and the well being of the people of Louisiana may 
 require; provided, that the appropriations shall not exceed 
 fifteen thousand dollars per annum for its maintenance and 
 support. 
 
 The Tulane University of Louisiana, located in New Or- 
 leans, is hereby recognized as created and to be developed 
 in accordance with the provisions of the legislative act No. 
 
6 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 43, approved July 5th, 1884, and by approval of the electors, 
 made part of the Constitution of the Stale. 
 
 Art. 256. (Other State Schools.) The Louisiana State 
 Normal School, established and located at Natcbitocbes; the 
 Industrial Institute and College of Louisiana, whose name 
 is hereby changed to the Louisiana Industrial Institute, estab- 
 lished and located at Huston; and the Southern University, 
 now established in the city of New Orleans, for the education 
 of persons of color, are hereby recognized; and the General 
 Assembly is directed to make such appropriations from time 
 to time as may be necessary for the maintenance, support and 
 improvement of these institutions; provided, that the appro- 
 propriation for the maintenance and support of the Louisiana 
 Industrial Institute shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars 
 per annum, and that for the Southern University shall not 
 exceed ten thousand. 
 
 Art. 257. (Interest Due the Townships.) The debt due 
 by the State to the free school fund is hereby declared to be 
 the sum of one million, one hundred and thirty thousand, 
 eight hundred and sixty seven dollars and fifty-one cents in 
 principal, and shall be kept on the books of the Auditor and 
 Treasurer to the credit of the several townships entitled to 
 the same; the said principal being the proceeds of the sales 
 of lands heretofore granted by the United States for the use 
 and support of free public schools, which amount shall be 
 held by the State as a loan, and shall be and remain a per- 
 petual fund, on which the State shall pay an annual interest 
 of four per cent, and said interest shall be paid to the several 
 townships of the State entitled to the same, in accordance 
 with the Act of Congress, No. 68, approved Februrary 15th, 
 1843. 
 
 Art. 258. (Debt Due Seminary Fund.) The debt due by 
 the State to the seminary fund is hereby declared to be one 
 hundred and thirty-six thousand dollars, being the proceeds 
 of the sale of lands heretofore granted by the United States 
 to this State for the use of a seminary or learning, and said 
 amount shall be kept to the credit of said fund on the books 
 of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a perpetual loan, 
 and the State shall pay an annual interest of four per cent 
 on said amount. 
 
 Art. 259. (Debt Due A. and M. College.) The debt due 
 by the State to the Agricultural and Mechanical College fund 
 is hereby declared to be the sum of one hundred and eighty - 
 two thousand three hundred and thirteen dollars and three 
 cents, being the proceeds of the sale of lands and land scrip 
 heretofore granted by the United States to this State for the 
 use of a college for the benefit of agricultural and mechaircal 
 arts; the said amount shall be kept to the credit of said fund 
 on the books of the Auditor and Treasurer of the State as a 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS. 7 
 
 perpetual loan, and the State shall pay an annual interest 
 of five per cent on said amount. 
 
 Art. #GO. (How Interest shall be Paid.) The interest due 
 on the free school fund, the seminary fund and the Agricul- 
 tural and Mechanical College fund, shall be paid out of any 
 tax that may be levied and collected for the payment of the 
 interest on the State debt. 
 
 Art. 261. (School Books for Indigent Pupils.) All pupils 
 in the primary grades in the public schools throughout the 
 Parish of Orleans, unable to provide themselves with the re- 
 quisite books, an affidavit to that effect having been made by 
 one of the parents of such pupils., or if such parents be dead, 
 then by the tutor or other person in charge of such pupils, 
 shall be furnished with the necessary books, free of expense, 
 to be paid out of the school fund of said parish; and the 
 School Board of the Parish of Orleans is hereby directed to 
 appropriate annually not less than two thousand dollars for 
 the purpose named, provided such amount be needed. 
 
.A-OI'S OIH 1 
 
 STATE UNIVERSITY. 
 
 No. 75.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Section 6 of Act 145 of the Acts of 
 1876, consolidating the Louisiana State University and 
 the Agricultural and Mechanical College. 
 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of 
 Louisiana; That Section 6 of Act 145 of 1876, be amended and 
 re-enacted so as to read as follows: That the Governor of the 
 State shall be a member and ex-officio president of the Board 
 of Supervisors and the State Superintendent of Public Educa- 
 tion and the President of the Faculty of the University shall 
 also be members ex-officio of said Board, and the twelve re- 
 maining members shall be appointed by the Governor, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided, that ^t 
 least six of the fifteen supervisors of the University shall have 
 been students of the Louisiana State University or of the 
 Louisiana State University anct Agricultural and Mechanical 
 College, and shall have taken degrees and be titled graduates 
 of one of said institutions. 
 
 At least one member of said Board of Supervisors shall 
 be appointed from the parish of East Baton Rouge. 
 
 Whenever a vacancy occurs in said Board for any cause 
 the same shall be filled for the unexpired term. The terms of 
 office of the present members of the Board of Supervisors as 
 now constituted under appointements heretofore made, shall 
 in no manner be abridged, terminated or affected by the pro- 
 visions of this act, but whenever a vacancy shall hereafter oc- 
 cur for any cause in the Board of Supervisors, the same shall 
 be filled by the appointment of a titled graduate of one of said 
 institutions until at least six titled graduates aforesaid shall 
 be members of said Board of Supervisors, and said Board shall 
 be thereafter so constituted and maintained. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 9th, 1896. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
SCHOOL, ACTS OF 1896. 
 
 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
 
 No. 85.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Section 1, 2, and 18 of Act No. 81 of 
 1888, entitled "An act in relation to free public schools, 
 and to regulate public education in the State of Louis- 
 iana; to provide a revenue for the same, and impose cer- 
 tain penalties; to apply fines imposed by district courts, 
 and amounts collected on bonds, to the payment of public 
 education, and to provide for payment of unpaid balances 
 due to the public school teachers of New Orleans, for the 
 years eighteen hundred and eighty (1880), eighteen hun- 
 dred and eighty-one (1881), eighteen hundred and eighty- 
 two (1882), and eighteen and eighty-four (1884.) 
 Section 1. (State Board of Education.) Be it enacted by 
 the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, that Section 
 1 of Act 81 of 1888, be amended and re-enacted so as to read 
 as follows: 
 
 The Governor and the Superintendent of Public Educa- 
 tion and the Attorney General, together with six citizens to 
 be appointed by the Governor, one from each Congressional 
 district of the State, shall be a body politic and corporate by 
 the name and style of the State Board of Education for the 
 State of Louisiana, with authority to sue and defend suits in 
 all matters relating to the interests of the public schools. 
 
 The above specified six citizens shall receive as compensa- 
 tion for their services, in attending the meetings of the Board 
 their actual traveling expenses and per diem for the number 
 of days that the Board is in session, the same as members of 
 the State Legislature, payable on their warrants, approved 
 by the President or acting President of the Board. 
 
 The Board may appoint a Secretary, whose salary shall 
 not exceed $300.00 (Three Hundred Dollars) a year, and shall 
 be fixed by the Board, payable semi-annually on the warrant 
 of the President of the Board. 
 
 Sec. 2. (Publication of Proceedings.) Be it further en- 
 acted, etc., That Section 2 of Act 81, of 1888 shall be amended 
 and re-enacted so as to read as follows: 
 
 The Governor shall be ex-officio President. The Board 
 shall meet on or before the first Monday of December of each 
 year, and at other times upon the call of the State Superin- 
 tendent. All papers, documents, and records appertaining to 
 the Board shall be filed by the Secretary in the office of the 
 State Superintendent of Public Education. The State Super- 
 intendent may publish, if he sees fit, or at the request of the 
 Board, the proceedings of the State Board of Education in 
 
10 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 
 
 the official journal of the State, or in an official pamphlet, as 
 he sees fit. 
 
 The acts of the Board shall be attested by'the President. 
 Sec. 3. (Ex-Officio Positions of State Superintendent.) 
 Be it further enacted, etc., That Section 18 of Act 81 of 1888 
 shall be amended and re-enacted so as to read as follows: 
 
 The State Superintendent of Public Education shall 
 have general supervision of all Parish School Boards in the 
 parishes, and of all Common, High, or Normal Schools of the 
 State, and shall see that the school system of the State is 
 carried into effect properly. He shall be ex-officio a member 
 of the Board of Supervisors of the State University and Agri- 
 cultural and Mechanical College, the State Normal School, 
 the State Industrial School at Euston, the Institute for the 
 Deaf and Dumb, and the Institution for the Blind, and all 
 other institutions of learning under the control of the State. 
 He shall visit all the parishes of the State, whenever 
 practicable, at least once a year, and shall give due notice of 
 the time of his visit to the Parish Superintendent, whose duty 
 it shall be to meet and confer with the State Superintendent on 
 all matters connected with the interests of the Common 
 Schools of the parish. His expenses incurred in the discharge 
 of this duty shall be paid out of the general fund, but shall 
 not exceed the amount appropriated per annum for the pur- 
 pose. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, etc.. That all laws, or parts 
 of laws in conflict with the foregoing be and the same are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 9th, 1896. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 
 No. 91.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Section 9 of Act No. 73, of 1892. 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That Section 9 of Act No. 73, of iS92, be 
 amended and re-enacted so as to read as follows: 
 
 Sec. 9. (State Normal School Diplomas.) The Board of 
 Administrators of the State Normal School is hereby empow- 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 11 
 
 ered to confer diplomas upon, all graduates of said school. 
 This diploma shall entitle the holder to a first grade teacher's 
 certificate without examination, and shall be valid in any part 
 of the State for four rears from the date of graduation, after 
 the expiration of which time it may be renewed every four 
 years, for the same period, by said Board of Administrators 
 upon satisfactory evidence of the ability, progress and moral 
 character of the teacher making application for such renewal. 
 Furthermore, the diploma of the State Normal School shall 
 entitle its holder to such degree of preference in the selection 
 of teachers for the Public Schools of the State as may be 
 deemed wise and expedient by the State Board of Education. 
 
 Sec. >. Be it further enacted, etc., That all laws, or parts 
 of lav, :-, in conflict with the provisions of this Act be and the 
 same are hereby repealed. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 9th, 1896. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN f. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 EXPROPRIATIONS. 
 
 No. 96.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Section Fourteen Hundred and Sev- 
 enty-nine (1479) of the Revised Statutes of the State of 
 Louisiana as amended by Act 117 of 1886, and to provide 
 for the expropriation of property for purposes of Charity 
 Hospitals and of Public Schools. 
 
 Section 1. (Expropriation of Property for Public Schools.) 
 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Lou- 
 isiana, that Section 1479 of the Revised Statutes of the State 
 of Louisiana be amended and re-enacted so as to read as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 Whenever the State or any political corporation of the 
 same, created for the purpose of exercising any portion of the 
 government powers in the same, or the Board of Administra- 
 tors of any Charity Hospital or any Board of Public School 
 Directors thereof, or any corporation constituted under the 
 laws of this State for the construction of a railroad, plank 
 road, turn pike, road or canal for navigation or for the pur- 
 pose of transmitting intelligence by magnetic telegraph, can- 
 
12 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 
 
 not agree with the owner of any Jand which may be wanted 
 for its purchase, it shall be lawful for such State Corporation 
 or Board to apply, by petition, to the District Court in which 
 the same may be situated; or, if it extends into two Districts, 
 to the Judge of either District Court in which the owner re- 
 sides; and if the owner does not reside in either District, then 
 to either of the District Courts, describing the lands necessary 
 for the purpose, with a plan of the same and a statement of 
 the improvements thereon, if any, and the name of the owner 
 thereof, if known, at present .in the State, with a prayer that 
 the land be adjudged to such State, corporation or board upon 
 payment to the owner of all such damages as he may sustain 
 in consequence of the expropriation of his land for such pub- 
 lic works; all claims for land or damages to the owner caused 
 by its taking or expropriation for such public works shall be 
 barred by two (2) years prescription, which shall commence 
 to run from the date at which the land was actually occupied 
 and used for the construction of the works. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, etc., That all the existing 
 laws for the form and process of expropriation of property 
 shall be applicable to the said section as thus amended and re- 
 enacted. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 
 TEACHERS' INSTITUTES. 
 No. 111.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 Relative to State and Parish Teachers' Institutes, and amend- 
 ing and re-enacting Act No. 64 of 1894, entitled, "An Act 
 to provide for holding State Teachers' Institutes in the 
 several parishes." 
 
 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of 
 Louisiana, that Act No. 64 of 1894 be amended and re-enacted 
 so as to read as follows: 
 
 Section. 1. (Institute: Time and Place, Notice.) BQ it en- 
 acted, etc., That as a means of improving and making more 
 efficient the Public Schools of the State of Louisiana, and 
 awakening a deeper public interest in said schools, the State 
 Superintendent of Public Education and the President of the 
 State Normal School shall cause to be held each year a,s many 
 State Teachers' Institutes or Summer Normal Schools of not 
 less than four consecutive weeks each, as the funds at their 
 disposal may warant, at such time and places as they, with the 
 advice of the respective Parish Superintendents of Public Edu- 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 13 
 
 cation, may determine. They shall give notice of the time and 
 place elected for each State Institute at least thirty days be- 
 fore the beginning of said Institute. 
 
 Sec. 2. (Institute Conductor.) Be it further enacted, etc., 
 That the State Superintendent of Public Education and the 
 President of the State Normal School shall select an expe- 
 rienced Institute Conductor, who shall have general charge of 
 the State and Parish Institutes provided for in this Act, and 
 whose salary for that service shall not exceed one thousand 
 ($1000) dollars per annum, payable out of any funds donated 
 by the Board of Trustees of the Peabody Education Fund or 
 appropriated by the General Assembly of the State of Louis- 
 iana for Institute purposes. 
 
 Sec. 3. (Term of Conductor.) Be it further enacted, etc., 
 That said Institute Conductor shall be appointed for one year, 
 and shall be ex-officio a member of the faculty of the State 
 Normal School, performing therein such services and receiv- 
 ing such compensation therefor as the Board of Administrators 
 of said institution may determine. 
 
 Sec. 4. (Assistants.) Be it further enacted, etc., That said 
 Institute Conductor shall be assisted in the work by members 
 of the faculty of the State Normal School and by such other 
 assistants as the State Superintendent of Public Education 
 and the President of the State Normal School may select ; pro- 
 vided, that members of the State Normal School faculty shall 
 receive no compensation other than their actual traveling ex- 
 penses for Institute work done during the session of said in- 
 stitutions; but for Institute work done during the vacation of 
 said Normal School, they in common with the other assistants, 
 shall receive such remuneration as the State Institute man- 
 agers may deem sufficient, payable out of any funds derived 
 from the Peabody fund or appropriated by State, parish or 
 locality for Institute purposes. 
 
 Sec. 5. (Parish Institutes Mandatory.) Be it further en- 
 acted, etc., That every Parish Superintendent be and is hereby 
 not only empowered, but required, to hold an institute of one 
 week every year for teachers of his parish, according to a pro- 
 gramme made out by the State Institute Conductor, and ap- 
 proved by the State Superintendent of Public Education and 
 the President of the State Normal School. Said Parish In- 
 stitute shall be held at some convenient locality, and every 
 teacher then employed in said parish, or who expects to be 
 employed for the next session of the schools, shall be required 
 to attend said institute. Public notice of the time and place 
 of this institute shall be given at least thirty days before the 
 opening thereof. The expenses of said Parish Institute shall 
 be defrayed by the Parish School Board out of the examina- 
 tion fees of teachers, or any other funds at their disposal. 
 
14 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 
 
 Sec. 6. (State Institute Managers.) Be it further enacted, 
 etc., That the State Superintendent of Public Education and 
 the President of the State Normal School, with the State In- 
 stitute Conductor, shall be known as the State Institute Man- 
 agers, and shall prescribe the order and character of the In- 
 stitute exercises and such other details as may be deemed 
 necessary. 
 
 Sec. 7. (Notice to Teachers.) Be it further enacted, etc., 
 That the Parish Superintendent, with the advice of the State 
 Institute Conductor, shall make all necessary arrangements 
 for the State and parish teachers' institutes to be held in this 
 parish, and shall do everything in his power to insure their 
 success. He shall give to every public school teacher of his 
 parish, required by law to attend the institute, at least fifteen 
 days' written notice of the time and place of the meeting of the 
 institute, and shall order all the public schools of his parish 
 to be closed during the session of the institute. 
 
 Sec. 8. (Penalty for Non- Attendance.) Be it further en- 
 acted, etc., That any public school teacher failing to attend 
 the State or parish institute held in his parish, without an ex- 
 cuse satisfactory to the Board of School Directors thereof, 
 shall immediately upon the demand of the Parish Superin- 
 tendent, forfeit his certificate and lose his position. 
 
 Sec. 9. (Leave of Absence from Schools, etc.) Be it fur- 
 ther enacted, etc.. That the School Superintendent of every 
 parish in w r hich no State Institute is to be held during theyear 
 shall encourage and urge the public school teachers of his 
 parish to attend the nearest State Institute, granting them 
 leave of absence from their school duties; providing, that in 
 all cases where the school session is actually in progress, or 
 is to be begun during the time of holding either the State or 
 the Parish Institute, whether the former be held in his own 
 parish or not, the time thus consumed by the teacher in at- 
 tendance upon the institute shall be extended to him after the 
 institute shall have been held, and he shall be required to 
 teach the full term for which he has contracted. 
 
 Sec. 10. (Certificates of Attendance.) Be it further en- 
 acted, etc., That the State Institute Conductor or his assistant 
 conductors shall issue certificates of attendance to every 
 teacher present during the whole session of the State or parish 
 teacher's institute, and the parish boards of school directors 
 shall give preference, other things being equal, to the holders 
 of said certificates, in the selection of teachers for the public 
 schools. 
 
 Sec. 11. (Institute Reports.) Be it enacted, etc., That the 
 State Institute Conductor shall annually make an exhaustive 
 report of the State Teachers' Institutes,' and shall submit this 
 report with a detailed account of all institute funds received 
 
oCHOOL ACTS OF 1896. 15 
 
 and disbursed by him, to the President of the State Normal 
 School, who shall transmit said report to the State Superinten- 
 dent of Public Education for publication in his biennial report 
 to the General Assembly. 
 
 Sec. 12. Be it further enacted, etc., That all laws or parts 
 of laws in conflict with the provisions of this Act be and the 
 same are herebv repealed. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 9, 1896. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
OIF 1 898. 
 
 SCHOOL INDEMNITY LANDS. 
 
 Act No. 87.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Act No. 152 of the Acts of 1890, to pro- 
 vide for the sale of school indemnity lands. 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of ^Louisiana, That all lands now owned by or which 
 may hereafter inure to the State from the United States Gov- 
 ernment, as indemnity for school lands, shall be disposed of as 
 hereinafter provided. 
 
 Section 2. Be it further enacted,etc., That the Kegister of 
 the State Land office shall have advertised for the sale at pub- 
 lic auction, for thirty clear days, a list of the lands to be sold ; 
 the publication to be made in a newspaper published in the 
 parish where the land to be sold is situated, and no land to be 
 sold need be advertised in any paper outside of the parish 
 where the land to be sold is situated; provided that no im- 
 proved lands shall be advertised under the foregoing provis- 
 ions unless requested by the Board of School Directors of the 
 parish in which the land is located. 
 
 Section 3. Be it further enacted, etc., That the land shall 
 be sold at public auction at the office of the Register of the 
 State Land office and shall be adjudicated to the last and high- 
 est bidder; provided in no case shall it be sold for less than two 
 dollars and a half per acre. 
 
 Section 4. Be it further enacted, etc., That any land 
 which fails ta bring the price of two dollars and a half per 
 acre when offered at auction shall thereafter be subject to pri- 
 vate sale at two dollar and a half per acre. 
 
 Section 5. Be it further enacted, etc., That it shall be the 
 duty of the Kegister to deposit in the State Treasury to the 
 credit of the various school boards entitled to receive the same 
 the proceeds of the sale of all indemnity school lands after 
 paying the expense of advertising. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate, 
 Approved July 9th, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J, FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A t me -copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898 17 
 
 PARISH SUPERINTENDENT. 
 Act No. 92.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend and re-enact Section 25 of Act 81 of 1888, entitled, 
 "An act in relation to free public schools and to regulate 
 public education in the State of Louisiana; to provide a 
 revenue for the same and to impose certain penalties and 
 to apply fines imposed by the district court, and amounts 
 collected on bonds, to the purpose of public education, and 
 to provide for the payment of unpaid balances due to the 
 public school teachers of New Orleans, for the years 
 eighteen hundred and eighty (1880), eighteen hundred 
 and eighty-one (1881), eighteen hundred and eighty-two 
 (1882), and eighteen hundred and eighty-four (1884). 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That Section 25 of Act 81 of 1888, be 
 amended and re-enacted so as to read as follows: The parish 
 board of school directors j^hall elect a parish superintendent, 
 who shall be ex-officio secretary of the board, in each parish 
 of the State, the parish of Orleans excepted, who shall be pos- 
 sessed of moral character and ability to manage the common 
 school interests of the parish, and who shall be of age and a 
 qualified elector. His salary shall be fixed by the parish 
 school board, provided that in no case shall it be less than two 
 hundred dollars (|200), nor more than twelve hundred dollars 
 (|1200) per annum. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R, H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 12th, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 ENUMERATION OF YOUTH. 
 Act No. 129.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 To provide for the enumeration of the educable children of the 
 
 State, and to fix the compensation therefor. 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That the /vsessors of all the parishes of 
 the State, including the Board of Assessors of the Parish of 
 Orleans, shall make an enumeration of ^ all the educable 
 children of the State before July 1st, 1899, and every four years 
 thereafter. 
 
18 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 
 
 Section 2. Be it further enacted, etc., That it shall be the 
 duty of the Assessors and the Board of Assessors of the Par- 
 ish of Orleans to make a correct enumeration by giving the 
 names of the educable children, between the ages of six and 
 eighteen years in the respective parishes by race, sex and 
 ward. This list of educable children shall be made in tripli- 
 cate form, and written in ink. One list shall be furnished to 
 the Auditor of Public Accounts, one list to the State Board of 
 Education, and one list to the Board of School Directors of 
 the Parish in which the enumeration is made. It shall be the 
 duty of the Assessors and the Board of Assessors of the par- 
 ish "of Orleans to swear to the correctness of said list or lists 
 before a competent officer, who shall attach a certificate 
 thereof on each list before filing them. 
 
 Section 3. Be it further enacted, etc., That the parish 
 Boards of School Directors shall pay the Assessors four cents 
 for the enumeration of each educable child in their respective 
 parishes on the approval of the work of enumeration by the 
 State Board of Education, which shall be signified to the 
 parish Boards by the Secretary of State Board under seal. 
 In the event the State Board of Education for any cause 
 deems the enumeration made incorrect or improperly made 
 out, it shall have the power and authority to order a new 
 enumeration in the parishes where the inaccuracies are found, 
 without extra compensation. 
 
 Section 4. Be it further enacted, etc., That it shall be the 
 duty of the Auditor of Public Accounts to furnish blank forms 
 ruled to set forth the required names of the educable children 
 by tvards, with the race, sex, and age of the children, to the 
 Assessors and the Board of the parish of Orleans. 
 
 Section 5. Be it further enacted, etc., That in case of wilful 
 negligence and refusal to comply with the provisions of this 
 Act, the Governor shall have the power and authority to re- 
 move any Assessor or member of the Board of Assessors from 
 office for such refusal or negligence. 
 
 Section 6. Be it further enacted, etc., That all laws or 
 parts of laws in conflict with the provisions of this act 
 be and are hereby repealed. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 13th, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 
 Secretary of State. : 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. If 
 
 PECIAL ELECTION!. IMPROVEMENTS. 
 
 Act Xo. 131.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To prescribe the manner in which special elections shall be 
 held in any parish, municipality, ward, or school district 
 of this State, for the purpose of levying special taxes for 
 the support of public schools, and for the purpose of erect- 
 ing and constructing public buildings, public school 
 houses, bridges, wharves, levees, sewerage work and other 
 works of permanent improvement, the title to which shall 
 be in the public, in such parish, municipality, ward, or 
 school district, and to carry into eiTect Article 233, of the 
 Constitution of 1898. 
 
 Section 1. Be -it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That whenever one-third of the property 
 tax-payers of any parish, municipality, ward, or school district 
 in this State shall petition the Police Jury of such parish, or 
 the municipal authorities of such municipality, to levy a 
 special tax for the support of public schools, and for the pur- 
 pose of erecting and constructing public buildings, public 
 school-houses, bridges, wharves, ievees, sewerage work and 
 other works of permanent public improvement, the title to 
 which shall be in the public, the said Police Jury or municipal 
 authorities shall order a special election for that purpose, and 
 submit to the property tax-payers of each parish, municipality, 
 ward, or school district, the rate of taxation, the number of 
 years it is to be levied and the purposes for which it is in- 
 tended; provided, that said election be held under the general 
 election laws of the State, and at the polling places at which 
 the last preceding general election was held, and not sooner 
 than thirty days after the official publication of the petition 
 and ordinance ordering the election. 
 
 Section 2. Be it further enacted, etc., That the petition 
 mentioned in Section 1, of this act shall be in writing, and 
 shall designate the object and amount of the tax to be levied 
 each year, and the number of years during which it shall be 
 levied. 
 
 Section 3. Be it further enacted, etc., That if a majority 
 in number and value of the property tax-payers of such parish, 
 municipality, ward or school district voting at such election, 
 shall vote in favor of such levy of said special tax, then the 
 Police Jury, on behalf of such parish, ward, or school district, 
 or the municipal authorities, authorities for and on behalf of 
 such municipality shall immediately pass an ordinance levy- 
 ing such tax, and for such time as may have been specified in 
 the petition, and shall designate the year in which such taxes 
 shall be levied and collected. 
 
20 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 
 
 Section 4. Be it further enacted, etc., That all tax-payers* 
 voting at said election shall be registered voters, except 
 women tax-payers, who shall vote without registration. All 
 tax-payers entitled to vote shall do so in person except women. 
 who shall vote either in person or by their agents, authorized 
 in writing. 
 
 Section 5. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Police 
 Jury of any parish, ward, or school district, or the municipal 
 authorities of any municipality, shall, when the vote is in 
 favor of the levy of such taxes, levy and collect annually, in 
 addition to other taxes, a tax upon all taxable property within 
 such parish, municipality, ward, or school district, sufficient to 
 pay the amount specified to be paid in such petition, and such 
 police jury and authorities shall have the same right to en- 
 force and collect any special tax that may be authorized by 
 such election, as is or may be conferred by law upon them for 
 the collection of other taxes, which taxes so collected shall be 
 used for the purpose named in said petition, and in the case of 
 a tax being named for the support of a public school, or for 
 the purpose of erecting a public school-house, the same shall 
 from time to time, as the same is collected, be paid to the 
 board of school directors of the parish in which said tax is- 
 levied, and be used for the purpose stated in said petition. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 13th, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana, 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretarv of State. 
 
 TRANSFER OF FUHDS. 
 
 Act No. 104.] 
 
 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION. 
 
 Whereas, Art. 257, of the Constitution, fixes the debt due by 
 the State to the Free School Fund at one million, one hun- 
 dred and thirty thousand, eight hundred and sixty-seven 
 dollars and fifty-one cents ($1,130,867.51), and 
 
 Whereas, an annual interest of four per cent, is required by 
 said article to be paid on said sum, and 
 
 Whereas, Art. 260 requires the interest on said amount to be 
 paid out of any tax that may be levied and collected for 
 the payment of the interest on the State debt, and 
 
 Whereas, the sum of forty-five -thousand, two hundred and 
 thirty-four dollars and seventy cents (f 45,234.70) is appro- 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 21 
 
 priated annually for the purpose of paying the interest 
 above mentioned, and 
 
 Whereas, according to the amounts credited on the township 
 ledger, only the sum of thirty-eight thousand, one hun- 
 dred and eighteen dollars and three cents ($38,118.03) is 
 annually used in paying said interest. 
 Therefore, Be it resolved by the House of Representatives 
 of the State of Louisiana, the Senate concurring, That the dif- 
 ference between the amount appropriated and the amount 
 -actually used in paying the interest on the several townships 
 be and the same is hereby transferred annually from the Inter- 
 est Tax Fund to the Current School Fund, and that the Audi- 
 tor of Public Accounts be and he is hereby directed to carry 
 out the provisions of this resolution. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 ALBERT ESTOPINAL, 
 President pro tern, of the Senate. 
 Approved July llth, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copj : 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 SOUTHERN LOUISIANA INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE. 
 
 Act No. 162.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To create and establish a State Industrial Institute for the Ed- 
 ucation of white children of the State of Louisiana in the 
 arts and sciences. 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That, a State Industrial Ins'itute is hereby 
 established for the education of the white children of the 
 State of Louisiana, in the arts and sciences. 
 
 Said Institute shall be known as the "Southwestern Lou- 
 isiana Industrial Institute," and shall be located in that parish 
 of the 13th Senatorial District which will offer the best in- 
 ducement therefor to the Board of Trustees, said location to 
 be made by the Board to be appointed under this act, pro- 
 vided that the parish selected for the location of said Institu- 
 tion shall donate not less than twenty-five acres of land and 
 Five Thousand Dollars to said Institution, and the same shall 
 be organized as hereinafter provided ; provided further that in 
 2ase two or more of said parishes offer the same inducements 
 then the Board of Trustees shall select, by a majority vote, 
 the most suitable location and make report thereof to the 
 
22 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 
 
 General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, at its next ses- 
 sion, together with such recommendations as may be condu- 
 cive to the best interests of said institution. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further ^nacted, etc., That the Governor of 
 the State shall nominate and appoint, by and with the advice 
 and consent of the Senate, one person from each Congres- 
 sional District of this State, and two from the State at large r 
 to be trustees, and to serve as herein provided. Immediately 
 after they shall be assembled, in consequence of their first ap- 
 pointmnt, they shall be divided by lot into two equal classes, 
 so that the term of three of those appointed from the Con- 
 gressional Districts, and one appointed from the State at large 
 shall expire in two years, and the term of the other half shall 
 expire in four years from the date of their appointment; so 
 that one half may be chosen every two years. Vacancies shall 
 be filled as in case of other offices in this State. The Gover- 
 nor of the State and State Superintendent of Public Educa- 
 tion shall be ex-officio members of said Board of Trustees* 
 and the Governor shall, when present, act as president of the 
 Board, but the Board shall elect one of their number Vi^e- 
 President. Five of. the Trustees shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of business. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Board of 
 Trustees of said Institute be and the same are hereby declared 
 a body politic and corporate; shall be domiciled at the parish 
 seat of the parish where the Institution will be located; shall 
 sue and be sued, contract and be contracted with; may hold, 
 purchase, sell and convey property, whether movable or im- 
 movable, which may be necessary or beneficial in carrying 
 out the purposes of this act. Said Board of Trustees may 
 provide under proper regulations and rules for conferring 
 degrees and awarding diplomas and granting certificates, as 
 rewards and honors for learning and skill, to the pupils of said 
 Institute. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, etc., That said Board of 
 Trustees shall fix the time or times for regular meetings, and 
 may be convened at any time the Governor as ex-officio Pres- 
 ident may deem it expedient to do so, in order to transact 
 business connected with said Institute. 
 
 The President of the Faculty and teachers shall be Secre- 
 tary of the Board of Trustees, and he shall keep in a welt 
 bound book, a record of the proceedings had by said Board, 
 and his compensation for this service shall be fixed by the 
 Board; provided that said Board may elect a suitable person 
 as Secretary pro tern, to act until the Institute be put in oper- 
 ation. 
 
 Sec. o. Be it further enacted, etc., that the said Board cf 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 23 
 
 Trustees shall possess all the power necessary and proper for 
 the accomplishment of the trust reposed in them, viz.: The 
 establishment of a first-class Industrial Institute for the edu- 
 cation o.f the white children of Louisiana in the arts and 
 sciences, at which such children may acquire a thorough aca- 
 demic and literary education, together with a knowledge of 
 kindergarten instruction, of telegraphy, stenography and pho- 
 tography, of drawing, painting, designing and engraving in 
 their industrial applications ; also a knowledge of fancy, prac- 
 tical and general needle-work; also a knowledge of book- 
 keeping and agricultural and mechanical art together with 
 such other practical industries as, from time to time, may be 
 suggested to them by experience, or such as will tend to pro- 
 mote the general object of said institute, to-wit: Fitting and 
 preparing such children, male and female, for practical indus- 
 tries of life. 
 
 Sec. 6. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Board of 
 Trustees shall select and appoint a president and the profes- 
 pors of said institute, and such other officers as they may deem 
 necessary to put and maintain the same in successful opera- 
 tion, and shall make such rules and regulations for the gov- 
 ernment of said officers as they may deem advisable; thej 
 shall prescribe such a course of discipline as may be neces- 
 sary to enforce the faithful discharge of the duties of all offi- 
 cers, professors and students. They shall prescribe the 
 course or courses of instruction so as to secure thorough 
 education and the best possible instruction in all of 
 said industrial studies, and they shall adopt all such 
 by-laws' and regulations as they may deem necessary to carry 
 out all the purposes and objects of said Institution. 
 
 Sec. 7. Be it further enacted, etc., That all the property 
 acquired in any way by said Board of Trustees shall really be 
 the property of and belong to the State of Louisiana, but 
 shall be held, controlled and managed by said Board of Trus- 
 tees for the benefit of said Industrial Institute. 
 
 Sec. 8. Be it further enacted, etc., That said Board of 
 Trustees shall be convened as soon as practicable. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 Approved July 'J4. ISPfc. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 
 Secretary of State. * 
 
24 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 
 
 INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB. 
 
 Act No. 166.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To re-organize, establish and maintain the Institution for the 
 Deaf and Dumb, to be known as the "Louisiana Institute 
 for the Deaf and Dumb;" to locate same at Baton Rouge; 
 to provide for the organization and government thereof; 
 to provide for the appointment of a Board of Trustees; 
 to confer corporate powers on said board: to define its 
 powers and duties and to provide for the expense of the 
 numbers; to define the class of persons to be admitted in 
 the institution, and to prescribe the benefits and privi- 
 leges they shall receive. 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That there shall be established and main- 
 tained, in the town of Baton Kouge, an institution for the edu- 
 cation of the deaf and dumb, to be known as the "Louisiana 
 Institute for the Deaf and Dumb." 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Governor 
 shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Sen- 
 ate, seven resident citizens of the State, together with the 
 Governor, (who shall be ex-oilicio president of the board) shall 
 constitute and be known as the Board of Trustees of the Lou- 
 isiana Institute for the Deaf and Dumb. At the first appoint- 
 ment of the board under this act two of the members shall be 
 appointed for two years, two for three years, and three for 
 four years, and thereafter appointments shall be made for the 
 term of four years. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Board of 
 Trustees is hereby declared and constituted a body politic 
 corporate, and shall have full power to sue and be sued, to 
 make contracts, and acquire and hold, by purcahse or dona- 
 tion any real or personal property necessary for the use or for 
 the benfit of said institution. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it furthen enacted, etc., That the domicile of 
 the Board of Trustees shall be at Baton Kouge and all process 
 shall be served on the vice-president at the office of the board 
 Sec. 5. Be it further enacted, etc., That they shall re- 
 ceive, instruct and support in the Institution all persons deaf 
 and dumb, or of such defective speech or haring as not to be 
 able to acquire an education in the ordinary schools, between 
 the ages of eight and twenty-two years, of sound mind and 
 proper health of body,- and residents of the State. Such per- 
 sons shall receive instruction and be provided with boad, 
 lodging, medicine and medical attendance at the expense of 
 the Institution, and if in such indigent circumstances as to 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 25 
 
 render it necessary, shall also be furnished with clothing and 
 traveling- expenses to and from the Institution, upon a certifi- 
 cate to that effce from the president of the Police Jury of the 
 parish, or the mayor of the city, or town, in which they reside. 
 
 Sec. 7. Be it further enacted, etc., That the persons adt 
 mitted as pupils under fourteen years of age, may continue in 
 the institution ten years; if over fourteen and under seven- 
 teen yars of age, they may continue eight years; if over seven- 
 teen years of age, they may continue five years; provided, the 
 board may in any case extend the term two years. 
 
 Sec. 8. Be it further enacted, etc., That the first meeting 
 of the Board of Trustees shall be held at such time as the 
 Governor shall direct, and at such meeting they shall elect a 
 vice-president, they shall elect a treasurer, a superintendent 
 and such other officers as may be necessary for the proper or- 
 ganization and management of the Institution, define their 
 duties and fix their salaries. 
 
 Sec. 9. Be it further enacted, etc., That the vice-presi- 
 dent shall preside over the meetings of the board during the 
 absence of the president, and shall exercise a general super- 
 vision over the affairs of the Institution. 
 
 Sec. 10. Be it further enacted, etc., That the treasurer 
 shall give bond in such sum as the Board of Trustees may de- 
 termine, with security to be approved by the vice-president. 
 He shall be custodian of the funds of the Institution. He 
 shall receive from the State Treasurer the monies appropri- 
 ated by the State for the support of the Institution upon his 
 warrant countersigned by the Governor. He shall make pay- 
 ments upon the order of the Superintendent of the Institute 
 cuntersigned by the vice-president of the board. 
 
 Sec. 11. Be it further enacted, etc., That the members 
 of the Board of Trustees shall be paid their expenses incurred 
 in attending the meeting of the board, out of the funds of the 
 Institute. 
 
 Sec. 12. Be it further enacted, etc., That the Institution 
 shall provide all the requisite facilities for acquiring a good 
 literary education instruction in hygiene and physical culture 
 and an industrial department in which instruction shall be 
 given in such trades as may be best suited to render the pupils 
 self-sustaining citizens. 
 
 Sec. 13. Be it further enacted, etc., That upon appoint- 
 ment of the Board of Trustees herein provided for the organi- 
 zation of the Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, at Baton 
 Rouge, under existing laws shall cease and determine, and the 
 new board shall assume custody, management and control 
 thereof. 
 
26 SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 
 
 Sec. 14. Be it further enacted, etc., That this act shall 
 take effect from and after its passage. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 
 Approved July 14, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 Secretarv of State. 
 
 SALE FOR THE UNIVERSITY. 
 
 Act No. 56.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 Authorizing the Governor to sell certain property of the 
 State, situated in the city of Baton Rouge, at public or 
 private sale, and prescribing the use to be made of the 
 proceeds of said sale. 
 
 Whereas, By House Concurrent Resolution No. 16 of 
 1896, the Governor was authorized to sell certain property of 
 the State, situated in the city of Baton Rouge at a minimum 
 price of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) and 
 
 Whereas, By Act No. 38 of 1896, an appropriation was 
 made to the Louisiana State University and A. and M. College 
 of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) for the purpose of erect- 
 ing a building for class and laboratory purposes, said sum to 
 be paid out of the proceeds of the sale of said property, and 
 
 Whereas, the Governor of Louisiana lias been unable to 
 dispose of said property for the price specified, and the State 
 University has in consequence been unable to draw said ap- 
 propriation or any portion thereof; therefore, 
 
 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the 
 State of Louisiana, That the Governor of the State of Louis- 
 iana be and is hereby authorized to sell the said property of 
 the State situated in the city of Baton Rouge in the square 
 bounded by Church, Laurel,* Florida and Third streets, and 
 formerly occupied by the Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, to 
 the highest bidder at public or private sale; the terms of said 
 sale to be fixed by the Governor at not less than fifteen thou- 
 sand ($15,000.00) Dollars, the payment of the balance of said 
 purchase money to be secured by the usual vendor's privilege 
 and mortgage. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, that the proceeds of said 
 sale be and the same are hereby appropriated to the Louisiana 
 
SCHOOL ACTS OF 1898. 27 
 
 State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College for 
 the erection of one or more buildings for class and laboratory 
 purposes. 
 
 S. P. HENRY, 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 
 R. H. SNYDER, 
 Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. 
 
 Approved July 8th, 1898. 
 
 MURPHY J. FOSTER, 
 Governor of the State of Louisiana. 
 A true copy: 
 
 JOHN T. MICHEL, 
 
 Secretary of State.. 
 
 RESOLUTIONS AND RULINGS BY THE STATE BOARD OF 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 1. (Compulsory Examinations.) Resolved, that while it 
 is the sense of this board that the provisions contained in 
 Section 50 of Act 81 of 1888 are still in force, that none the 
 less the Parish Superintendent has the right of requiring 
 teachers whom he deems incompetent and inefficient and 
 Avhoni he has the power to remove under the 46th section of 
 said act, to be examined with a view of testing their qualifica- 
 tions and fitness. April 1, 1891. 
 
 2. (Examination Schedule.) 1st. Resolved, by the State 
 Board of Education, that the examination of teachers in the 
 several parishes of the State be held hereafter at the time of 
 the regular quarterly meetings of the parish school boards, 
 and at no other time except as hereinafter provided. 
 
 2nd. That due notice of the time set for examination of 
 teachers be given by the parish superintendent, also notice 
 that no other examination will be held until the next quar- 
 terly meeting of the parish board. 
 
 3rd. That the State Superintendent of Education prepare 
 a set of questions covering all the subjects required by law, 
 and furnish to the superintendent of each parish, a sufficient 
 number of copies of these official question lists for use in the 
 examinations, and that no other questions shall be used in 
 said examinations; said questions to be sent out from the 
 superintendent's office so as to reach the several parishes sim- 
 ultaneously, and to be used only once, and only on the dates 
 named above. 
 
 4th. That the value of each question be indicated by the 
 State Superintendent, and that a list of answers showing 
 what would be a fair amount of information to be elicited by 
 each question, be prepared by the superintendent and fur- 
 
28 RESOLUTIONS AND RULINGS BY THE 
 
 nished to the examining boa'rd of each parish board, for the 
 purpose of establishing a uniform value to the certificates 
 granted in each parish. 
 
 5th. That the same question lists be used in examinations 
 of teachers for all grades of certificates, the several grades of 
 certificates being graded according to the percentages made 
 by the candidates. 
 
 6th. That the superintendent of each parish furnish to the 
 State Superintendent within two weeks after each examina- 
 tion, a list of all persons examined, with their post office ad- 
 dresses, the grade received and the grade of certificate granted 
 to each candidate. 
 
 N. B. It has been considered proper not to adhere in this 
 examination to instruction in 5th rule. 
 
 Examiners will please mark each answer on the scale of 
 10 for perfect. August 20, 1896. 
 
 3. (High Schools.) Resolved, That the State Board of 
 Education call the attention of the parish boards to the ne- 
 cessity of establishing high schools wherever the grade of 
 students justifies it, as the State Board of Education believe 
 that the establishment of a number of high schools in the 
 State will contribute powerfully to build up both the public 
 school system and colleges and universities. August 19, 1892. 
 
 4. (Collection of Poll Tax.) The State Board urge the 
 parish school boards to insist upon a full and complete col- 
 lection of the poll tax, and upon failure of the sheriffs to re- 
 port as the law directs that suits be instituted against the tax 
 collector for entire amount of the roll as the law directs in 
 Sections 2 and 3 of Act 89, approved July 2nd, 1888. August 
 19, 1892. 
 
 5. (Normal and Other Graduates.) That the several 
 parish school boards, committees on teachers, and parish 
 superintendents throughout the State are urged to use their 
 best endeavors to secure the services of competent teachers; 
 that many graduates of our State Normal School and of other 
 colleges entitled to a preference in the employment of teach- 
 ers, desire positions in our schools, many of whom have ap- 
 plied to our State Superintendent for employment, who will 
 furnish their names and addresses on application, and we 
 urge the local authorities to secure the services of such 
 teachers as the best means of advancing the educational in- 
 terest of the children of the State. August 19, 1892. 
 
 6. (Penalty for not Recognizing Normal Graduates.) 
 Resolved, That the State Superintendent of Public Education 
 be and is hereby ordered and directed to report to the Gov- 
 ernor any school-boards or members of school boards who 
 fa.il to give preference to graduates of the State Normal 
 School or other schools and colleges of good standing as di- 
 
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
 
 rected by resolution of this board passed August 19, 1892, or 
 who fail to remove their parish superintendents who are inef- 
 ficient, unfaithful, or negligent in the discharge of their du- 
 ties, and the Governor is hereby requested to remove such 
 boards or members, subject to the ratification of this board 
 as provided by Section 2 of Act 29, of 1892. October 19, 1892. 
 
 7. (Decision in Favor of Normal Graduates.) Whereas, 
 information has reached this board of the violation by the 
 school board of the parish of Bossier of the resolution adopted 
 by this board of date August 19, 1892, passed in pursuance 
 of Section 9 of Act No, 73 of 1892, exempting Normal gradu- 
 ates from examination and entitling them to a certain degree 
 of preference, therefore 
 
 Be it resolved, That the State Superintendent of Public 
 Education be and he is hereby required to notify said parish 
 board of its violation of the said act as well as the resolutions 
 of this board, and in the event of their failure to at once com- 
 ply with the law and the resolutions of this body that the 
 Govenor be and is hereby requested to remove said board. 
 June 29, 1897. 
 
 8. (Neglect of Duty to be reported.) Resolved, That it 
 is necessary that the parish school boards -and the parish 
 school superintendents shall rigidly adhere to the laws govern- 
 ing the public schools, and where any neglect or violation by 
 any member of any board, or any neglect or violation of law 
 by any parish superintendent, of any of provisions of such 
 public school laws, shall come to the knowledge of the State 
 Superintendent of Public Education, he shall at once report 
 the facts to the Governor of the State, with the request that 
 he remove such delinquent under the provisions of section 2 
 of Act 29 of 1892 amending and re-enacting Section 8 of Act 
 81 of 1888. October 19, 1894. 
 
 9. (Uniformity of Text Books.) Whereas, the law t>ro- 
 vides under Section 3rd, of Act 81 of 1888 that a uniform series 
 of text books shall be used in the public schools, and 
 
 Whereas this requirement has the merit of system and is 
 in line with strict economy, and its wisdom has been thorough- 
 ly established by experience, therefore 
 
 Be it resolved, That it shall be the duty of the superinten- 
 dents in the several parishes to see that this rule is faithfully 
 enforced and that the text books adopted or recommended 
 by this board, and none others, are used in the public schools 
 throughout the State. 
 
 Eesolved Further, That a breach of the law requiring the 
 use of uniform text books as above stated, after notice by the 
 parish superintendent, shall be deemed sufficient grounds for 
 the summary dismissal of any teacher in the public schools. 
 June 29, 1897. 
 
30 RESOLUTIONS AND RULINGS 
 
 10. Regulating the Price of School Books.) Whereas, 
 complaint has been made that some of the local dealers in 
 school books in the country have been charging more than the 
 contract prices for text books selected for use in the public 
 schools, therefore 
 
 Be it Resolved, That it shall be the duty of the parish 
 superintendents in the several parishes to post in a conspicious 
 place in the school rooms printed schedules of prices at which 
 it has been agreed to furnish the books, and the patrons of the 
 schools shall be notified by him that they can be obtained 
 from the publishers through the the parish superintendents, 
 for cash, at these prices, in case any additional charges are 
 made by local dealers. 
 
 Resolved Further, That the State Superintendent of Pub- 
 lic Eel cation shall forward to the parish superintendents 
 these printed price lists. 
 
 11. (Regulating Sale of School Books.) Be it Resolved, 
 That the Depositaries appointed by this board are prohibited 
 from in any way invalidating by their actions the contracts 
 entered into by the board and the several publishing houses. 
 October 19, 1894.. 
 

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