UC-NRLF 
 
 20 715 
 
 THE 
 
 SCHOOL LAW 
 
 OF 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 1903 
 
 ISSUED BY THE 
 DEPARTMENT OF FREE SCHOOLS 
 
GIFT OF 
 
THE 
 
 SCHOOL LAW 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 AND 
 
 Opinions of the Attorney-General and Decisions of the State 
 Superintendent of Free Schools 
 
 WITH EXPLANATIONS AND FORMS 
 
 REVISED AND ARRANGED BY 
 
 THOS. C. MILLER, 
 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF FREE SCHOOLS 
 
 CHARLESTON : 
 THE TRIBUNE PRINTING COMPANY, 
 
K 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 
 
 RELATING TO THE 
 
 SCHOOL SYSTEM OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 ARTICLE IV 
 
 5. Every person elected or appointed to any office, Oath of office< 
 before proceeding to exercise the authority, or discharge 
 
 the duties thereof, shall make oath or affirmation that he 
 will support the Constitution of the United States and 
 the Constitution of this State, and that he will faithfully 
 discharge the duties of his said office to the best of his 
 skill and judgment; and no other oath, declaration, or 
 test shall be required as a qualification, unless herein 
 otherwise provided. 
 
 6. All officers elected or appointed under this Consti- Removal 
 tution, may, unless in cases herein otherwise provided fl 
 
 for, be removed from office for official misconduct, 
 incompetence, neglect or duty, or gross immorality, in 
 such manner as may be prescribed by general laws, and 
 unless so removed, they shall continue to discharge the 
 duties of their respective offices, until their successors 
 are elected, or appointed and qualified. 
 
 8. The Legislature, in cases not provided for in this 
 Constitution, shall prescribe by general laws, the terms terms of 
 of office, powers, duties and compensation of all public of 
 officers and agents, and the manner in which they shall 
 be elected, appointed and removed. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII 
 
 27. Each county shall be laid off into districts, not Districts. 
 less than three nor more than ten in number, and as 
 nearly equal as may be .in territory and population 
 
 381656 
 
VIRGINIA 
 ARTICLE IX 
 
 County 
 
 Se?t c to 8 indict- 
 ment. 
 
 4. The Presidents of the County Courts, the Justices 
 ^ t ^ ie P eace > Sheriffs, Prosecuting Attorneys, Clerks of 
 the Circuit and of the County Courts, and all other 
 county officers, shall be subject to indictment for mal- 
 feasance, misfeasance, or neglect of official duty, and on 
 conviction thereof, their offices shall become vacant. 
 
 I. I am inclined to the opinion that the words "all other county 
 officers," as used in this section, include members of boards of educa- 
 tion, although they are elected in districts. This is by no means 
 clear, however. This section is in force ex proprio vigore and needs 
 no additional legislation. Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 ARTICLE X 
 
 Capitation 
 tax. 
 
 2. The Legislature shall levy an annual capitation tax 
 of one dollar upon each male inhabitant of the State 
 who has attained the age of twenty-one years, which 
 shall be annually appropriated to the support of Free 
 Schools. Persons afflicted with bodily infirmity may be 
 exempted from this tax. 
 
 S?atSre > to Jeg " ^ m ^ he P ower ^ taxation of the Legislature shall 
 levy. extend to provisions for the payment of the State debt, 
 
 and interest thereon, the support of free schools, and 
 the payment of the annual estimated expenses of the 
 State; but whenever any deficiency in the revenue shall 
 exist in any year, it shall, at the regular session thereof 
 held next after the deficiency occurs, levy a tax for the 
 ensuing year, sufficient with the other sources of income, 
 to meet such deficiency, as well as the estimated expenses 
 of such year. 
 
 noTto y exceed ' ^' County authorities shall never assess taxes, in any 
 etc. one year, the aggregate of which shall exceed ninety- 
 
 five cents per hundred dollars valuation, except for the 
 support of free schools; payment of indebtedness exist- 
 ing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution ; and 
 for the payment of any indebtedness with the interest 
 thereon, created under the succeeding section, unless 
 such assessment, with all questions involving the in- 
 crease of such aggregate, shall have been submitted to 
 the vote of the people of the county, and have received 
 three-fifths of all the votes cast for and against it. 
 
 See Brannon vs. County Court, 33 W. Va., p. 789, construing this 
 section. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 5 
 
 8. No county, city, school district, or municipal cor- 
 poration, except in cases where such corporations have 
 already authorized their bonds to be issued, shall here- 
 after be allowed to become indebted, in any manner, or 
 for any purpose, to an amount, including existing in- 
 debtedness in the aggregate, exceeding five per centum 
 on the value of the taxable property therein to be ascer- 
 tained by the last assessment for State and county taxes, 
 previous to the incurring of such indebtedness ; nor with- 
 out, at the same time providing for the collection of a 
 direct annual tax, sufficient to pay, annually, the interest 
 on such debt, and the principal thereof, within, and not 
 exceeding thirty-four years; Provided, That no debt NO debt ex- 
 
 .,'. ,. ceptbyvote 
 
 shall be contracted under this section, unless all ques- of people. 
 tions connected with the same, shall have been first sub- 
 mitted to a vote of the people, and received three-fifths 
 of all the votes cast for and against the same. 
 
 ARTICLE XII 
 
 1. The Legislature shall provide by general law, for 
 a thorough and efficient system of Free Schools. 
 
 See 4 W. Va., p. 499. 
 
 2. The State Superintendent of Free Schools shall General 
 have a general supervision of free schools, and perform 8uper 
 such other duties in relation thereto as may be pre- 
 scribed by law. If in the performance of any such duty 
 imposed upon him by the Legislature, he shall incur any 
 expenses, he shall be reimbursed therefor; Provided, 
 
 The amount does not exceed five hundred dollars in any 
 one year. 
 
 3. The Legislature may provide for county superin- county super- 
 tendents, and such other officers as may be necessary to 
 
 carry out the objects of this Article, and define their 
 duties, powers and compensation. 
 
 4. The existing permanent and invested school fund, school fund. 
 and all money accruing to this State from forfeited, de- 
 linquent, waste and unappropriated lands; and from 
 
 lands heretofore sold for taxes and purchased by the 
 State of Virginia, if hereafter redeemed or sold fo others 
 than this State ; all grants, devises or bequests that may 
 be made to this State for the purposes of education or 
 where the purposes of such grants, " devises or bequests 
 are not specified; this State's just share of the literary 
 fund of Virginia, whether paid over or otherwise liqui- 
 dated; and any sums of money, stocks, or property, 
 which this State shall have the right to claim from the 
 State of Virginia for educational purposes ; the proceeds 
 
6 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 of the estates of persons who may die without leaving a 
 will or heir, and of all escheated lands; the proceeds of 
 any taxes that may be levied on the revenues of any cor- 
 poration; all moneys that may be paid as an equivalent 
 for exemption from military duty; and such sums as 
 may., from time to time, be appropriated by the Legis- 
 lature for the purpose, shall be set apart as a separate 
 fund to be called the "School Fund," and invested un- 
 der such regulation as may be prescribed by law, in the 
 interest bearing securities of the United States, or of 
 this State, or if such interest bearing securities cannot 
 
 school Fund ebe obtained, then said "School Fund" shall be invested 
 in such other solvent interest bearing securities as shall 
 be approved by the Governor, Superintendent of Free 
 Schools, Auditor and Treasurer, who are hereby consti- 
 tuted the "Board of the School Fund," to manage the 
 same under such regulations as may be prescribed by 
 law; and the interest thereof shall be annually applied 
 to the support of Free Schools throughout the Sta.te, 
 and to no other purpose whatever. But any portion of 
 said interest remaining unexpended at the close of the 
 fiscal year shall be added to, and remain a part of, the 
 capital of the "School Fund"; Provided, That all taxes 
 which shall be received by the State upon delinquent 
 lands, except the taxes due to the State thereon, shall be 
 refunded to the county, or district by or for which the 
 same were levied. 
 
 gie ^' ^e Legislature shall provide for the support of free 
 schools, by appropriating thereto the interest of the 
 invested "School Fund," the net proceeds of all forfeit- 
 ures and fines accruing to this State under the laws 
 thereof; the State capitation tax; and by general taxa- 
 tion of persons and property, or otherwise. It shall also 
 provide for raising, in each county or district, by the 
 authority of the people thereof, such a proportion of 
 the amount required for the support of Free Schools 
 therein as shall be prescribed by general laws. 
 
 6. The school districts into which any county is now 
 divided shall continue until changed in pursuance of 
 law. 
 to e 7. All levies that may be laid by any county or clis- 
 
 cierkof trict for the purpose of free schools shall be reported 
 ^td the Clerk of the County Court, and shall, under such 
 regulations as may be prescribed by law, be collected 
 by the Sheriff, or other collector, who shall make an- 
 nual settlement with the County Court; which settle- 
 ments shall be made a matter of record by the Clerk 
 thereof, in a book to be kept for that purpose. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 7 
 
 8. White and colored persons shall not be taught in 
 the same school. 
 
 9. No person connected with the free school system school officers 
 of the State, or with any educational institution of any interested in 
 name or grade, under State control, shall be interested 8ale 
 
 in the sale, proceeds or profits of any book or other 
 thing used, or to be used therein, under such penalties 
 as may be prescribed by law; Provided, That nothing 
 herein shall be construed to apply to any work written 
 or thing invented by such person. 
 
 10. No independent Free School district, or organiza- 
 tion shall hereafter be created, except with the consent 
 of the school district or districts out of which the same 
 is to be created, expressed by a majority of the voters 
 voting on the question. 
 
 11. No appropriation shall hereafter be made to any 
 State Normal School, or branch thereof, except to those 
 already established, and in operation, or now chartered. 
 
 12. The Legislature shall foster and encourage moral, JjJ;}jJra tU e im 
 intellectual, scientific and agricultural improvement ; it provements. 
 shall, whenever it may be practicable, make suitable 
 provision for the blind, mute and insane, and for the 
 organization of such institutions of learning as the best 
 interests of general education in the State may demand. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 THE SCHOOL LAW 
 
 CHAPTER XLV 
 
 Education 
 
 1. Every magisterial district in each of the counties 
 of the State shall be a school district, and the same shall 
 be divided into such number of sub-districts as may be 
 necessary for the convenience of the free schools 
 therein. The present districts and sub-districts shall 
 remain until changed in the manner prescribed by law. 
 ELection g of 2. A county superintendent of free schools in each 
 perintendent. county shall be elected by the voters thereof, at the 
 Ece - general election held on the Tuesday after the first Mon- 
 day in November, 1894, and every four years thereafter, 
 whose term of office shall commence on the first day of 
 July next after his election and continue for four years 
 and until his successor shall be elected and qualified ac- 
 cording to law. 
 
 Election of There shall also be elected at said election, in each 
 SmmiSion^ District of the county, by. the voters thereof, and every 
 office. Term off ur y ears thereafter, a president of the board of educa- 
 tion, whose term of office shall commence on the first 
 day of July next after his election, and continue for four 
 years, and until his successor is elected, and qualified 
 according to law. There shall also be elected at the 
 same time in each district in the county by the voters 
 thereof, one commissioner at the general election held 
 on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, 
 1894, a successor to the commissioner elected in May, 
 1891, and every two years thereafter one commissioner, 
 whose term of office shall commence on the first day of 
 July next after their election, and continue for four 
 years, and until their successors are elected and qualified 
 according to law. 
 
 ?atk>n4ho u " T ^ e saic * P res ident and commissioners shall constitute 
 
 constitute, the board of education in the district in which they are 
 
 elected. No person shall be eligible to more than one 
 
 office under the provisions of this chapter at the same 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 time. The county superintendent of free schools shall, 
 immediately upon receiving the certificate of election 
 from the commissioners of the county court, forward a 
 written notice thereof to the State Superintendent of 
 Free Schools. 
 
 In case of a tie in the vote for members of the board ^ote; how 
 of education, the county superintendent of free schools 
 shall give the casting vote; and in case of a tie in the 
 vote for a county superintendent of free schools, the 
 presidents of the several boards of education in the 
 county shall, at a meeting called for that purpose, at the 
 court house of the county, by the clerk of the county 
 court, not less than six nor more than twelve days after 
 the result of such election is ascertained, appoint one of 
 the persons receiving the highest number of votes for 
 said office, at the said election, as county superintendent 
 of free schools, who shall give notice as aforesaid to the 
 State Superintendent of his appointment. A notice of 
 such meeting shall be made out by the clerk of the 
 county court, and served upon each president of the 
 board of education in the county at least three days 
 before the day of such meeting, by the sheriff, or other 
 officer, to whom the same may be delivered to be served. 
 
 The ballots used at said election shall also have writ- 
 ten or printed thereon the words, "For school levy," or 
 "Against school levy," as the voter may choose, and the 
 boards of ballot commissioners in the several counties of 
 this State shall have printed at the bottom of each ticket 
 on the official ballot in separate lines the words ""For 
 school levy," and "Against school levy"; and upon the 
 application of the board of education of any district they 
 .shall also have printed on said ballots the words, "For increase in 
 - months school, ' ' and ' ' Against - months school, ' ' Lchooi term. 
 as provided in this chapter. 
 
 If a majority of the ballots cast upon the question of 
 laying the school levy in a district, have written or 
 printed thereon, "For school levy," it shall be the duty 
 of the board of education to make the levies required by 
 the 38th and 40th sections of this chapter, annually, for 
 the next four years; but if a majority of the ballots cast 
 in a district have written or printed thereon, "Against 
 school levy," no levy shall be made by said board for 
 the year next succeeding. But it shall be the duty of SBfi 
 said board to cause a special election to be held on theP ur p'oae; 
 Tuesday after the first Monday in November, next there- w 
 after, at which the question of levy, or no levy, shall in 
 like manner be again submitted to the people for their 
 decision, and if a majority of the ballots cast at such 
 
10 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 special election be, ' ' For school levy, ' ' such levy shall be 
 made as hereinbefore required. 
 
 Secretary to Of every such special election the secretary of the 
 l v ction! ice f board of education of the district shall give notice, by 
 posting the same at each place of voting in the district 
 at least ten days before the day on which the same is to 
 be held. The election to be held on the third Tuesday 
 in May, 1893, for the purpose of electing county super- 
 intendents of free schools in the different counties of 
 this State, and members of the various boards of educa- 
 tion,, shall be held according to law; but their terms of 
 office shall expire as soon as their successors are elected 
 and qualified, at the election to be held on the first Tues- 
 day after the first Monday in November, 1894. 
 
 I. A person elected to any office, whether State, county or district, 
 must be a resident of the political division to which his powers and 
 duties are limited. (See Code, chap, vii, sec. 3.) 
 
 Special eiec- 2a. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions 
 tow for levy. of ^ ciio u two of chapter forty-five of the Code, 
 providing for school levies the board of education of any 
 school district, or any independent school district, in 
 this State, that failed to authorize a school levy, by a 
 popular vote at the general election held in one thousand 
 nine hundred and two, or that may hereafter fail to 
 authorize a school levy by a popular vote at any general 
 election, as provided in said chapter forty-five, shall, if 
 twenty or more voters of the district ask it in writing, 
 submit the question of laying a school levy to the voters 
 of the district at a special election to be held in such dis- 
 trict at such time as the board of education of the dis- 
 trict may designate. The secretary of the board of edu- 
 cation shall post notices of such special election at all 
 the voting places in the district at least ten days before 
 the day on which the election is to be held. If a majority 
 of the votes cast are "For School Levy" the board of 
 education shall lay the levies in the manner provided by 
 sections thirty-eight and forty of said chapter forty-five 
 of the Code. 
 
 Levy for It shall be the duty of the board of education to order 
 
 term ased a special election conducted in like manner to determine 
 the question when twenty or more of the voters of any 
 district or independent district ask in writing for more 
 than five months school in any year, involving an addi- 
 tional levy. 
 
 Commission- 3. Any person who may act as commissioner of any 
 er of election. e ] ec ti n, held under any of the provisions of this chap- 
 ter, who shall wilfully reject the vote of any person en- 
 titled to vote at said election, or receive the vote of any 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 11 
 
 person not so entitled, or who shall knowingly make 
 any false return of the result of any such election, or of 
 any poll held at any place of voting, shall be guilty of 
 a misdemeanor, and fined not less than fifty dollars, and 
 imprisoned not less than twenty days. 
 
 4. At the meeting of the district board of education, Trustees; 
 held on the first Monday in July, 1881, they shall ap- E P 
 point three intelligent and discreet persons, as trustees 
 
 for each sub-district in their district, one of whom shall 
 be appointed for one year, one for two years, and one 
 for three years; and the board of education shall there- 
 after annually appoint one trustee, who shall hold his 
 office for three years; and the said trustees shall hold 
 their respective offices until their successors are appoint- 
 ed and qualified. 
 
 5. Vacancies in the office of school trustee shall be vacancies, 
 filled by the board of education for the unexpired term ; 
 
 and in the board of education, by the county superin- 
 tendent of free schools, for the unexpired term. 
 
 II. The appointment of a person to fill a vacancy of president of 
 the board of education makes such person president of the board. 
 
 III. Vacancy in the office of county superintendent is filled by the 
 presidents of the boards of education. 
 
 IV. Section 3 of Article XII of the Constitution provides that the 
 Legislature may provide for county superintendents and other school 
 officers and defines their duties, powers and compensation. Section 
 5 of chapter 45 delegates to the county superintendent the power 
 to fill vacancies in the board of education for the unexpired term. I 
 do not think section 7 of Article IV of the Constitution or sections 
 8. 9 or 10 of chapter 4 of the Code control as to appointment of mem- 
 bers of boards of education. I am, therefore, of the opinion that 
 persons appointed by the county superintendent to fill vacancies in 
 the board of education hold for the unexpired term. T. S. Riley, 
 Attorney-General. 
 
 5a. Every school trustee, and every president and ^JJci/to 
 commissioner of the board of education elected within qualify, 
 this State shall, within ten days after his election has 
 been duly declared, qualify as such by taking and sub- 
 scribing, before some one duly authorized to admin- 
 ister oaths, within his county, the oath of office pre- 
 scribed by section five of article four of the Constitution, 
 which oath shall be filed with the secretary of the board 
 of education of his district. 
 
 V. I am clearly of the opinion that the time should be computed 
 from the time the officer elected has been notified, as prescribed 
 by the law, of his election by the Canvassing Board, or in other words, 
 within ten days from the time he receives, either by the hands of 
 the proper officers or by transmission by due course of mail, notice of 
 the result as ascertained by the Canvassing board, in our State by 
 the County Court. Romeo H. Freer, Attorney-General. 
 
 6. The boards of education of the several districts 
 shall hold their first meeting for each school year on the 
 first Monday in July. At this meeting they shall de- 
 
12 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 termine the number of teachers that may be employed in 
 the several sub-districts, and fix the salaries that shall be 
 paid to the teachers. In determining the salaries, they 
 shall have regard to the grade of teachers' certificates, 
 fixing to each grade the salary that shall be paid to 
 teachers of said grades in the several sub-districts as fol- 
 lows : Teachers having certificates of the grade of num- 
 salaries, ber one shall be paid not less than tljirty dollars per 
 month ; those holding certificates of the grade of number 
 two, not less than twenty-five dollars per month; and 
 those holding certificates of the grade of number three, 
 not less than eighteen dollars per month. And the trus- 
 tees of the several sub-districts shall in no case trans- 
 cend or diminish the salaries so fixed in any contract 
 they may make with teachers. A quorum of the board of 
 education shall consist of a majority of the members 
 thereof and in the absence of the president, one of said 
 members may act as such; but they shall do no official 
 business except when assembled as a board, and by due 
 notice to all the members, except that the president and 
 secretary may sign orders upon the sheriff fot any sum 
 of money which may have been already ordered to be 
 paid. The members of the board of education shall each 
 receive, as compensation for his services the sum of one 
 dollar and fifty cents per day, to be paid in like manner 
 as the salary of the clerks of the board of education: 
 
 Provided, That no member shall receive pay for more 
 than seven days service in any one year; one day of 
 which shall be spent in attending a teachers' institute. 
 
 VI. Boards of education fix the term of school for the whole dis- 
 trict. 
 
 VII. If a sub-district for any cause fail to have a school in anj 
 year it can not have a longer term than the other schools of the 
 district in the following year. 
 
 VIII. If officers of town corporations also act as the school board 
 for the independent district, they are entitled to the same pay as 
 district school officers of the same grade : Provided,, they receive no 
 compensation from the town corporation for their services. 
 
 IX. Only one payment of $1.50 per day. for not exceeding seven days 
 can be made for services of any member of a board of education, 
 and the successor gets nothing if the predecessor received pay for the 
 seven days allowed. Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 X. The board have the power to fix the salary to be paid teachers 
 as a class based upon the grade of the certificate they hold, but in 
 my opinion they can not require tae trustees to employ a teacher of a 
 certain grade. The trustees have the unquestioned right to employ 
 a teacher of any grade certificate which entitled him or her to teach, 
 and pay the salary fixed by the board for that grade. T. 8. Riley, 
 Attorney-General. 
 
 EdScatkm a ? The board of education of each district and inde- 
 
 corporation. pendent school district shall be a corporation by the 
 
 name of * ' The board of education of the district or inde- 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 13 
 
 pendent school district of , in the county of 
 
 ' ', and as such may sue and be sued, plead and 
 be impleaded : and as such corporation, shall succeed and 
 be substituted to all the rights of the former township 
 and district boards of education ; and may prosecute and 
 maintain any and all suits and proceedings now pending 
 or which might have been brought and prosecuted in the 
 name of any such former board of education for the re- 
 covery of any money or property, or damage to any 
 property due to or vested in such former board. 
 
 The said board shall also be liable in its corporate ca- Property 
 pacity for all claims legally existing against the board of boards! 11 
 education of which it is successor. Said board shall re- 
 ceive, hold and dispose of according to the rules of law 
 and the intent of the instrument conferring title, any 
 gift, grant, devise or bequest, made for the use of any 
 free school or schools under their jurisdiction ; and with- 
 out any transfer or conveyance, shall be deemed the 
 owner of the real and personal property of their dis^ 
 trict, and the property of the former township or dis- 
 trict for which their district was substituted. 
 
 Process and notice may be served on said corporations Process on 
 by delivering a copy thereof to the secretary, or any two served. h< 
 members of the board. And all suits or proceedings 
 now pending in any of the courts of the State, in the 
 name of the board of education of any district for any 
 demand or claim in favor of the board of education of 
 any township or district, are hereby made valid. 
 
 8. The board of education, at their first meeting after f^bo^rd ! 
 their election, shall appoint a secretary, who shall not be education, 
 a member of the board, and who shall attend all meet- 
 ings of the board, and record their official proceedings 
 in a book kept for that purpose, which record shall be 
 attested by his signature and the signature of the presi- 
 dent of the board, and which shall, at all reasonable 
 times, be open to the inspection of any person interested 
 therein ; he shall have the care and custody of all papers 
 belonging to the board containing evidence of title, con- 
 tracts or obligations, or being otherwise valuable, and 
 preserve the same in his office, properly arranged for 
 reference, and shall record and keep on file in his office 
 such papers and documents as the board or the law may 
 direct. 
 
 He shall keep such accounts and prepare and certify Secretary; 
 such reports and writing pertaining to the business of re 
 the board, as the board or law may direct. He shall pub- 
 lish within three days after any meeting of the board of 
 education an abstract of the proceedings thereof, by 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 
 Board of 
 Education; 
 powers and 
 dutieis of. 
 
 Change in 
 sub-district. 
 
 posting the same at the front door of the place of meet- 
 ing. He shall within ten days after the annual levy is 
 laid certify to the county superintendent of free schools, 
 the total value of all property, real and personal, in his 
 district, with rate of levy, and amount thereof, keeping- 
 separate the rates and amounts of teachers' and building 
 funds ; and said superintendent shall within twenty days 
 certify the same to the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools, using blanks therefor, furnished by said State 
 Superintendent. He shall also have authority to admin- 
 ister oaths to school officers in all cases where they are 
 required to take an oath as such. 
 
 For his services as secretary he shall receive such 
 compensation as the board may determine from year to 
 year, not to exceed fifteen dollars, to be paid out of the 
 building fund by an order drawn by the county superin- 
 tendent, when after an examination by said superinten- 
 dent of said secretary's books, they are found to be cor- 
 rect. But such order shall not be drawn until the sec- 
 retary shall have made his annual report to the county 
 superintendent as hereinafter provided, and be approved 
 by the said county superintendent. (See also Sec. 21.) 
 
 XI. Teachers ar schoel officers. 
 
 XII. The office of secretary of the board of education is held at the 
 will of the board. The secretary may be relieved at any time by the 
 board. 
 
 XII. The secretary's annual report cannot be completed before the 
 sheriff's settlement with the board of education. County superin- 
 tendents are forbidden by law to issue orders for the pay of secre- 
 taries until they present correct and complete reports. 
 
 XIV. The law does not specify who shall call the meetings of the 
 board. The board should adopt a rule upon this subject at its first 
 meeting in the school year, when all its members are present. 
 
 9. The boards of education shall have general control 
 and supervision of the schools and school interests of 
 their districts; they may determine the number and 
 location of the schools to be taught; change the bound- 
 aries of their sub-districts, and increase and diminish 
 the number thereof, having due regard for the school 
 houses already built, or sites procured, assigning, if 
 practicable, to each sub-district not less than forty 
 youths between the ages of six and twenty-one years; 
 Provided, That every village consisting of fifty inhabi- 
 tants or more, shall be included in one sub-district. And 
 provided, further, That no change in any sub-district 
 shall take effect, except immediately after the annual 
 apportionment of the general school fund. When such 
 village as is mentioned in this section is divided by dis- 
 trict or county lines, the said village shall be included 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 15 
 
 in the sub-district, to be under the supervision of the 
 board of education of the district to which the largest 
 division of its territory is attached, and said board shall 
 define and enter of record in the office of their secretary 
 the several district and sub-district lines. 
 
 Anv person aggrieved bv any decision of the board of Appeal to 
 11. n i -I e i T j. County Super- 
 
 education, changing the boundaries of a sub-distrnct, or intendent. 
 
 increasing or diminishing the number of the sub-dis- 
 tricts, in their district, under this section, may appeal 
 therefrom to the county superintendent of schools, and 
 have the same corrected, if erroneous. Every such per- 
 son shall present to the county superintendent his peti- 
 tion, signed by himself and at least five other residents 
 of the sub-district, stating the action of the board com- 
 plained of, and the grounds of appeal; and the county 
 superintendent shall thereupon fix a time and place for 
 the hearing of the appeal, and cause a notice thereof to 
 be served upon the president or the secretary of the board 
 of education, at least five days before the hearing. If 
 upon hearing the proofs and allegations of the parties, 
 the superintendent be of the opinion that the action of 
 the board complained of was illegal or improper, he 
 shall reverse or correct the same; otherwise the said 
 action shall be affirmed. 
 
 XV. Where the county court of a county changes the boundary 
 lines of a district or increases or diminishes the number of districts 
 after the annual levy has been laid for school purposes, and the sal- 
 aries of teachers fixed in the respective districts, and provides that 
 such change or changes shall take effect before the end of the school 
 year CJune 30), the schools and school officers should continue as if 
 no change had been made, making settlements, &c., until the close 
 of the year, when the changes ordered should be recognized. 
 
 XVI. The building of school houses is discretionary with the boards 
 of education. There is no power in any other court, body or person 
 to compel them to build a school house. Alfred Caldwcll, Attorney- 
 General. 
 
 XVII. The appeal to the county superintendent under this section 
 is limited to cases involving the changing of boundaries of a sub-dis- 
 trict, or increasing or diminishing the number of sub-districts. 
 
 10. The board of education shall cause to be kept in 
 
 T... j-i a . i i . -i Schools must 
 
 every sub-district of their district, by a teacher or be provided. 
 tcaclieis of competent ability, temperate habits and 
 good morals, a sufficient number of primary schools for 
 the instruction of the persons entitled to attend the same, 
 and should the trustees of any sub-district neglect or 
 fail to employ a teacher for their sub-district, upon 
 complaint thereof, it shall be the duty of the board of 
 education to do so. 
 
 The following persons when residing in a sub-district, Who mav at 
 with intent to make such sub-district their home, shall tend school, 
 have a right to attend and receive instruction at the 
 primary schools thereof, that is to say: Every youth 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 weeks; fines. 
 
 between the ages of six and twenty-one years, shall have 
 
 such right; and any other person wishing to receive 
 
 instruction at any free school in this State, shall have 
 
 a right, with the assent of the trustees, to attend such 
 
 school, and the teacher or teachers there employed shall 
 
 give instruction to such person the same as is required 
 
 wh 9 topay by law for other persons, upon the payment of tuition 
 
 tuition. jfgg^ no ^- excee( j one dollar and fifty cents per month 
 
 for each pupil, and upon such other terms as the trus- 
 
 tees of the sub-district may prescribe. Said tuition fees 
 
 shall be paid in advance to the sheriff, who shall give 
 
 his receipt therefor, and place the amount to the credit 
 
 of the teachers ' fund of said district. 
 
 children to i() a , Every person having under his control a child or 
 
 attend school .., ., > *i * -, , n 
 
 twenty children between the age 01 eight and fourteen years snail 
 cauge g^-fr child or children to attend some public school 
 for a period of twenty weeks yearly, beginning with the 
 beginning of the school term. For every neglect of such 
 duty the person offending shall be guilty of a misde- 
 meanor and shall, upon conviction thereof before any jus- 
 tice, be fined two dollars for the first offense and five dol- 
 lars for each subsequent offense, which fines shall be paid 
 into the building fund of the district in which said 
 offense occurs. 
 
 An offense, as understood in this act,, shall consist in 
 a failure to attend school for two days in any week, ex- 
 cept in cases of sickness or death in the pupil's family, 
 or the pupil be otherwise instructed for a like period of 
 time, or except for other reasonable excuse, provided 
 there be a school in session within two miles of the pupil 's 
 home by the nearest traveled road. 
 
 The board of education of every district or indepen- 
 dent district, at its first annual meeting or as soon there- 
 after as practicable, may appoint one or more truant 
 officers whose duty it shall be to enforce the provisions 
 of this act. Each officer so appointed shall use due dili- 
 gence to ascertain any violations of this law and when, 
 from personal knowledge or by report or complaint from 
 any resident or teacher of the district under his super- 
 vision, he believes that any child subject to the provisions 
 of this act is habitually absent from school, he shall im- 
 mediately give written notice to the parent, guardian or 
 custodian of such child that the attendance of such child 
 at school is required, and if, within five days, such parent, 
 guardian or custodian of said child does not comply with 
 the provisions of this section, then such truant officer 
 shall make complaint against such parent, guardian or 
 custodian before the nearest justice of the peace ; 
 
 An offense. 
 
 Truant 
 officers. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 17 
 
 Provided, That only one notice shall be required for 
 any child in any one year. 
 
 Teachers in ungraded schools, and principals and sup- Teachers, 
 erintendents in graded and high schools, shall report to !p 
 truant officers all cases of violation of this act among ^.ta to 
 the enumerated youth of their sub-districts or indepen- 
 dent districts, and shall furnish any reports and informa- 
 tion necessary to a proper hearing of any case before a 
 justice of the peace, and all such teachers, principals or 
 superintendents, shall assist truant officers in every rea- 
 sonable way in carrying out the provisions of this act. 
 
 Justices shall remit to the sheriff at once all fines col- Unfitted b at 
 lected under the provisions of this act so that they may nce - 
 be credited to the building fund of the proper district 
 and every truant officer shall make to the sheriff an item- 
 ized statement, on the last day of the month, of all fines 
 imposed under his jurisdiction. 
 
 Said truant officers shall be paid monthly, at the rate compenaa- 
 of two dollars per day for the time actually spent in the ofle?L truan 
 discharge of their duties as such officers, but in no case 
 shall payment for any month 's services be made until the 
 truant officer has filed with the secretary of the board of 
 education a copy of his statement to the sheriff for that 
 month, together with a sworn statement of the number of 
 truancy cases investigated, and the time actually em- 
 ployed in such duties. When the truant officer has faith- 
 fully performed his duties and filed the statements re- 
 quired by this act, the board of education, if satisfied 
 the same is correct, shall order a warrant to be drawn 
 upon the sheriff for the amount of his month's salary to 
 be paid out of the building fund of the district. 
 
 All other acts or parts of acts coming within purview 
 of this act and inconsistent with it are hereby repealed. 
 
 XVIII. I am of the opinion that House Bill No. 133 (Compulsory 
 Law) is applicable to and enforceable in the Independent School Dis- 
 trict of Wheeling. Romeo H. Freer, Attorney-General. 
 
 XIX. A teacher has no authority to admit or exclude pupils from a 
 sdn.ol. whether from the same or another sub-district, without the 
 -consent and direction of the trustees of the school. This does not 
 refer to his right to suspend a pupil for disorderly conduct. 
 
 11. In the primary schools there shall be taught Branches to 
 orthography, reading, penmanship, arithmetic, English * 
 grammar, physiology, general, United States and State 
 history, general and State geography, single entry book- 
 keeping, civil government, and in addition thereto the 
 theory and art of teaching. It shall be the duty of the 
 State Superintendent to prescribe a manual and gradecT 
 course of primary instruction to be followed in the 
 country and village schools throughout the State, arrang- 
 
18 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 ing the order in which the several branches shall be 
 taken up and studied, and the time to be devoted to 
 them, respectively, with provisions for advancement 
 from class to class, also for the examination and gradua- 
 tion of all pupils who satisfactorily complete the pre- 
 scribed course. 
 
 XX. The Theory and Art of Teaching as enumerated in Section 11, 
 is not to be understood as being one of the branches required to be 
 taught in the primary schools, but teachers are required to pass an 
 examination in the same, See Section 29, as they are in all branches 
 required to be taught under the provisions of this section. 
 
 XXI. Trustees should be very careful not to interfere unnecessarily 
 with a teacher in relation to matters pertaining to the conduct and 
 government of his school. I do not think a teacher should be com- 
 pelled to give instruction to pupils * * in all branches prescribed 
 by law without reference to proper grade. Alfred Caldicell, Attorney- 
 General. 
 
 XXII. It is the official duty of the county superintendent to see 
 that the graded course of study ror country and village schools is 
 thouroughly introduced into the said schools of his county. But it_ is 
 not the county superintendent alone upon whom this responsibility 
 rests. The law makes it the duty of members and secretaries of 
 boards of education and of trustees and teachers as well, to perform 
 their whole duty, seeing to it that the course of study, with grading 
 according to accompanying plan, shall be fully introduced into every 
 country and village school in the State. 
 
 Nature and n a . i. That the nature of alcoholis drinks and nar- 
 
 effect of alco- . n .,.. . n 
 
 noiic drinks cotics, and special instruction as to their effects upon the 
 
 taught. 6 human system, in connection with the several divisions 
 of the subject of physiology and hygiene, shall be in- 
 cluded in the branches of study taught in the common or 
 public schools, and shall be taught as thoroughly and in 
 the same manner as other like required branches are in 
 said schools, and to all pupils in all said schools through- 
 out the State. 
 
 Fine for fail- II. It shall be the duty of the proper officer in control 
 teach. Q any gchooi described in the foregoing section to en- 
 force the provisions of this act; and any such officer, 
 school director, committee, superintendent or teacher who 
 shall refuse or neglect to comply with the requirements 
 of this act, or shall neglect or fail to make proper pro- 
 visions for the instruction required and in the manner 
 specified by the first section of this act, for all pupils in 
 each and every sshool under his jurisdiction, shall be re- 
 moved from office, and the vacancy filled as in other 
 cases. 
 
 Teachers to III. No certificate shall be granted to any person to 
 a teach in the public schools of the State, after the first of 
 January, anno domini, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, 
 who has not passed a satisfactory examination in physi- 
 ology and hygiene, with special reference to the nature 
 and the effect of alcoholic drinks and narcotics upon 
 the human system. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 19 
 
 12. The trustees shall be under the supervision and 
 
 control of the board of education, and in all cases the of the board. 
 action of the trustees shall be subject to the revision 
 and correction of the board of education, on the motion 
 of any member thereof, or upon the complaint in writ- 
 ing of any three tax-payers of their sub-district. 
 
 Whenever it shall happen that the persons authorized Transfer of 
 to attend school are so situated as to be better accommo- P u P lle - 
 dated at the primary school of an adjoining sub-district, 
 whether in the same or in an adjoining district or county, 
 or whenever it may be necessary, to establish a school 
 composed of pupils from parts of two sub-districts, 
 whether in the same or in an adjoining district or county, 
 it shall be the duty of the trustees of the sub-districts 
 interested to transfer such persons for school purposes 
 to the sub-district in which such school house is, or may 
 be, situated ; but the enumeration of youth shall be taken 
 in each sub-district as if no transfer had been made, and 
 the trustees of the sub-district in which the school is sit- 
 uated shall have the management of such school. 
 
 But in all cases of transfer of pupils from one district Tuition. 
 to another, the board of education of the district from 
 which the transfer is made shall pay to the board of 
 education of the district in which the school is carried 
 on, such proportion of the cost of said school, as the 
 scholars so transferred bear to the whole number of 
 scholars taught in such school. 
 
 XXIII. "This section was not intended nor does it authorize trus- 
 tees to transfer pupils from a sub-district to an independent school 
 district." Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 XXIV. The cost of the tuition of the transferred pupils should be 
 estimated from the time the transfer takes effect until it expires or 
 the pupils are withdrawn. 
 
 XXV. No transfer is complete until the trustees of the sub-district 
 to which transfers have been made have agreed to accept the pupils. 
 
 XXVI. When pupils are transferred to an adjoining sub-district in 
 another district it is the duty of the trustees making the transfers, 
 although they are not required to do so by statute, to notify their 
 board of education of all transfers made by them, and the said board 
 of education is required by this 'Section to pay to the board of educa- 
 tion of the district to which the pupils have been transferred such 
 proportion of the cost of said school or schools as the pupils so trans- 
 ferred bear to the whole number of pupils taught in said schools dur- 
 ing the time of the transfers. 
 
 13. The trustees of every sub-district shall have charge Trustees to 
 of the schools therein and shall meet at the school house 
 
 of their sub-district on the third Monday in July of every 
 year, or as soon thereafter as practicable and appoint 
 a teacher or teachers, for the coming session of their 
 school, and in such appointment at least two of the trus- 
 tees who are the trustees for the ensuing year, shall con- 
 cur, and such appointment shall be in writing in the form 
 
20 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Form of 
 contract. 
 
 Relationship 
 exclusion. 
 
 of a contract according to the form furnished by the 
 State Superintendent of Free Schools and said form shall 
 state that the trustees whose signatures are affixed there- 
 to, met together as herein required, and said contract shall 
 be filed with the Secretary of the board before the be- 
 ginning of the term for which said teacher is employed. 
 Provided, That no trustee of any sub-district shall 
 participate in contracting with or appointing any person 
 as teacher of their school to whom he sustains the rela- 
 tion of father, father-in-law, brother, brother-in-law, 
 uncle, cousin, grandfather, sister, niece or nephew, and 
 if the appointment of any teacher be otherwise than at 
 a meeting herein authorized or if the appointment be 
 within the degrees of relationship herein specified, the 
 board of education shall declare such contract illegal, if 
 the declaration be made by the board before the time 
 mentioned in the contract for the beginning of the school 
 term. Any teacher so appointed may be removed by the 
 trustees or by the board of education for incompetency, 
 neglect of duty, intemperance, profanity, cruelty or im- 
 morality. The trustees shall exclude from any school 
 under their charge any person having a contagious or in- 
 fectious disease, and they may suspend or expel any 
 scholar found guilty of any disorderly, refractory, inde- 
 cent or immoral conduct, and may refuse to admit such 
 scholar again to the school until satisfied that he will 
 properly conduct himself thereafter. But the trustees 
 shall take no action or proceeding relating to the removal 
 of teachers or the suspension or expulsion of any scholar 
 from school unless at a meeting of which the trustees 
 have all had notice, and when at least two of their num- 
 ber shall be present and concur in such action or proceed- 
 ing, and their action in each particular shall be subject 
 to the revision and correction of the board of education 
 upon complaint in writing of a majority of the patrons 
 of the school, residing within the sub-district in which 
 such action has been taken. Any trustee may, for good 
 cause shown be removed from office by the board of edu- 
 cation upon five days notice in writing, of the cause 
 alleged for his removal, and of the time and place th< 
 board will take action thereon. Whenever at the end of 
 any school month the 'daily average attendance for that 
 alleged for his removal, and of the time and place the 
 whole number of pupils enumerated in the sub-district, 
 the trustees may dismiss the teacher and discontinue the 
 school, unless otherwise directed by the board of educa- 
 tion ; and no high school shall Be continued if at the end 
 of any school month, it has not had an average daily at- 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 21 
 
 aiuv of twenty-five scholars. And it is further ex- 
 pressly provided, that should any trustee of any sub- 
 district or a member of the board of education receive 
 any money or other thing of value for his aid, assistance 
 or vote in securing to any teacher a school or employment 
 in an}* district or independent school district in the State, 
 in which said trustee or member of the board of educa- 
 tion is authorized by law to act, shall be guilty of a felony 
 and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by con- 
 finement in the penitentiary of this State not less than 
 one nor more than three years. 
 
 XXVII. Neither boards of education nor trustees have authority to 
 employ a person to teach in the free schools of this State unless such 
 person presents a certificate in duplicate still in force of his qualifica- 
 tion to teach a school of the grade for which he applies. Teachers 
 employed as substitutes should hold same grade of certificate as those 
 whose places they fill. 
 
 XXVIII. A teacher has the right to punish pupils placed under his 
 charge for infractions of the rules governing the school. But like the 
 parent who has the right to enforce obedience, he is answerable for 
 the abuse of the trust. 
 
 XXIX. The trustees of a school have authority to contract with a 
 teacher for the length of time and the price per month prescribed by 
 the board of education, and the board must provide for its payment. 
 
 XXX. The law prohibiting trustees from employing teachers for 
 their schools to whom they sustain certain specified relationship, has 
 been construed by this office to refer only to "first cousins," and the 
 connection must be by blood, and not by marriage. Romeo H. Freer, 
 
 Attorney-General. 
 
 14. The trustees shall visit every school under their 
 charge within two weeks after the opening, and again 
 within two weeks before the close thereof, and at such 
 other times as in their opinion may be useful to do so. 
 During such visits, they shall inspect the register of 
 every teacher and see whether it has been properly kept, 
 and ascertain whether the scholars have supplied them- 
 selves with books and other things requisite for their 
 studies, whether the school house and grounds, furni- 
 ture, apparatus and library are kept in good order; 
 whether anything injurious to the health is suf- 
 fered, to remain about the house or grounds, and 
 whether the school house is well ventilated and 
 kept comfortable, as the season may require; and where 
 it is necessary, provide and promptly apply the proper 
 remedy. 
 
 They .shall also during such visits make such examina- 
 tion and enquiry as they may deem useful respecting the 
 studies, discipline and general condition of the school, 
 and the conduct and proficiency of the scholars, and give 
 such directions or make such suggestions to the teachers, 
 as in their opinion, will promote the interest of the school, 
 and the health, morals and progress of the scholars. 
 
22 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 XXXI. The duty of visiting the schools is made obligatory upon 
 the trustees, and they should faithfully comply with the law in this- 
 matter. 
 
 XXXII. The leading object of the trustees on this, their first visit. 
 should be the examination of the sanitary condition of the school 
 building and out-houses. The health of both teachers and pupils" de- 
 pend upon healthful surroundings. 
 
 shall cause the school houses under their 
 charge and everything pertaining thereto, to be kept in 
 good order and repair, and for this purpose it shall, 
 among other things, be their duty to cause proper suits 
 and prosecutions to be instituted, in the name, of the 
 board of education of the district or otherwise, against 
 every person who shall injure or destroy any school 
 property of which the said trustees have charge; and 
 they shall not, without the permission of the district 
 Trustees may board of education, allow said school houses to be used 
 house to h be 01 ^ or an ^ ther purpose whatever, except for the purpose 
 u^ed^for ^ of holding religious or literary meetings and Sunday 
 p e oses in ] schools, equally by the various religious denominations 
 that may apply for the same, and further for such other 
 meetings as may be considered beneficial to the public 
 generally under such regulations as to the care thereof 
 as may be prescribed by them: Provided, That such 
 meetings shall not interfere with the public schools. 
 
 The trustees shall furnish to the board of education 
 estimates of all improvements necessary to the preserva- 
 tion or repair of buildings, grounds and furniture under 
 their charge. 
 
 XXXIII. The trustees of a school may allow religious exercises held 
 in their school house. They may prescribe conditions, etc. They may 
 refuse to allow the school house to be used for this purpose. In 
 either case, on motion of any member of the board of education, or 
 the petition in writing of three tax-payers of the sub-district, the 
 action of the trustees may be reviewed and reversed or affirmed. The 
 county superintendent has no authority in the matter. 
 
 XXXIV. "Debating societies." teachers' meetings, school exhibitions 
 and spelling-schools, together with any other meetings, having for 
 their object the advancement of the school interests of the sub-dis- 
 trict, and being of a literary character, if conducted in a respectable 
 manner, come within the meaning of the words "literary meetings." 
 as used in the fifteenth section of the school law. 
 
 XXXV. If the trustees of a school refuse the use of a school house 
 for religious purposes, an appeal may be taken to the board of educa- 
 tion. The decision of the board is final, either for or against. Tiiey 
 may absolutely exclude all denominations from the school house. 
 
 XXXVI. Religious and literary societies and teachers of select 
 schools, may be required to give security for the protection of school 
 property where trustees are asked to allow the school house to be used 
 for the meetings of such societies. The use of public school property 
 for such purposes is a privilege, not a right. 
 
 XXXVII. I think that the trustees, with the consent of the board 
 of education, can allow the school house to be used for the purpose 
 of holding a select school ; provided it does not interfere with the 
 public school. I am also of the opinion that the action of the trus- 
 tees in either refusing or granting the use of a school house for the 
 purposes above mentioned may be reviewed by the board of educa- 
 tion of the district. The party so occupying the school house may be 
 required to give security for the proper care and use of the building. 
 T, S. Riley, Attorney-General. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 23 
 
 15a. '[Section 19, chapter 14a code, chapter 13, Acts 
 1887.] If a person willfully interrupt, molest or disturb c r h ;JoT urbing 
 any free school, or other school, literary society or 
 any other society formed for intellectual, social or 
 moral improvement, organized or carried on under or 
 in pursuance of the laws of this State, or any Sunday 
 school, or other school, or school exhibition, or any 
 society lawfully carried on, he shall be guilty of a mis- 
 demeanor, and fined not less than fen nor more than 
 fifty dollars, or at the discretion of the court, be con- 
 fined in the jail of the county not more than thirty days, 
 in addition to said fine. 
 
 15&. If any person shall willfully disturb, molest, or 
 interrupt any literary society, school, or society formed 
 for intellectual improvement or any other school or 
 society organized under the laws of this State, or any 
 school, society, or meeting formed or convened for im- 
 provement in music, either vocal or instrumental, or 
 for any moral and social amusement, the person so 
 offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and 
 on conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five 
 dollars, and may be imprisoned in the countj r jail not 
 exceeding ten days. 
 
 16. The trustees of each sub-district shall keep exact Trustees must 
 account of all necessary expenses incurred by them in account of 
 the performance of their duties, and render to tlie sec- e> 
 retary of the board of education, at or before their last 
 meeting for the current school year, written accounts. 
 by items, of all such expenses, which, if the board find 
 correct, they shall pay by an order to the sheriff, drawn 
 on the building fund of the district, signed by the sec- 
 retary and president. 
 
 The trustees of any sub-district may purchase fuel, 
 water buckets, brooms, coal hods, shovels, pokers, stove 
 pipes, crayons, erasers and dippers, for the use in school tain repars. 
 rooms. They may make sucfr repairs in windows, 
 doors, benches, desks, floors, walls, ceilings and roofs 
 as will render the house comfortable. For such pur- 
 chase or repairs they shall render to the secretary of 
 the board of education an account, which, if the board 
 find correct, they shall pay out of the building fund of 
 the district. 
 
 No one trustee shall, by himself, have any power to 
 perform any duty required by law of the trustees, who 
 shall meet at a time and place fixecl by two of their 
 number, the other having had reasonable notice of such 
 meeting, and two of the trustees shall constitute a quo- Record of 
 rum, and they shall keep a record of their acts and pro- meeting. 
 
24 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 ceedings in a book to be furnished them by the board 
 of education for that purpose, such book to be turned 
 over by them to their successors in office. 
 
 XXXVIII. While trustees are appointed l>y the "board of education, 
 their powers are prescribed and their duties imposed by law ; and oy 
 section 12 of chapter 45, of the Code, the actions of such trustees are 
 subject to the revision and correction of the board of education on 
 proper motion or complaint made ; yet no power is given the board 
 to interefere with or prevent a proper discharge by the trustees, of 
 the duties imposed upon them as such, by law. 
 
 By section 16 of chapter 45 of the Code, it is provided, among 
 other things, that "the trustees of any sub-district may purchase fuel, 
 water buckets, brooms, coal hods, shovels, pokers, stove-pipes and 
 dippers for use in school rooms. * * * For such purchases they shall 
 render to the secretary of the board of education an account which, 
 if the board find correct, they shall pay out of the building fund of 
 the district." 
 
 If then the board, upon examination or revisal, find the account 
 correct, they cannot alter, amend or repudiate it : but in the lan- 
 guage of the law, they shall pay it out of the building fund of the 
 district. G. C. Watts, Attorney-General. 
 
 17. White and colored persons shall not be taught in 
 Sme8choof d the same scn o1 but to afford to colored children the bene- 
 fits of a free school education, it shall be the duties of 
 trustees of every sub-district to establish therein, one or 
 more primary schools, for colored persons between the 
 ages of six and twenty-one years, and said trustees or 
 board of education shall establish such school whenever 
 there are at least ten colored persons of scKool age resid- 
 ing therein and for a less number, when it is possible to 
 do so. 
 
 TWO or more The trustees of two or more sub-districts whether in 
 
 may d /oinTn 8 the same or adjoining districts or counties, may, by agree- 
 
 cSored hing ment with each other, join in establishing a primary 
 
 schools. school for colored children residing in said sub-clistrict, 
 
 and such schools so established, shall be subject to the 
 
 same regulations as are provided for the school for white 
 
 children, in section twelve of this chapter. 
 
 All other acts and parts of acts coming within the 
 purview of this Act and inconsistent therewith are hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 XXXIX. "When a school has been established for colored pupils un- 
 der section 17, it must be kept open and continued as long as the 
 schools for whites in the same district. The colored children, after 
 the school is established under that section, are entitled of right to 
 the same apparatus, necessary furniture, and school appliances as 
 well as the same length of school term as the whites in schools of 
 like grade, no matter how little or how great the taxes collected from 
 the colored people of the district may be. There is nothing in the 
 18th section to affect this view. The 18th section deals with another 
 case entirely and cannot affect in any way a sub-district where a 
 colored school is established in accordance with law. Alfred Cald- 
 icell, Attorney-General. 
 
 Division of 18. Whenever, in any school district, the benefit of a 
 
 efit^Voire<i f ree school education is not secured to the colored chil- 
 
 chiidren. dren re siding therein, in the manner mentioned in the 
 
 preceding section, the fund applicable to the support of 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 25 
 
 free schools in such sub-district, whether received from 
 the State or local taxation, shall be divided by the board 
 of education in the proportion which the number of 
 colored children bears to the number of white children 
 tnerein, according to the latest enumeration made for 
 school purposes; and the share of the former shall be " 
 set apart for the education of colored persons of the 
 proper age, residing in such sub-district, or district, and 
 be applied for that purpose from time to time in such 
 way as the board of education of the district may deem 
 best. Any board of education failing to comply with 
 this section may be compelled to do so by the circuit 
 court of the county, by mandamus. 
 
 19. The board of education of each district and inde- 
 pendent school district shall require the teacher or 
 teachers in each sub-district or independent school dis- 
 trict, annually, before the close of the school or schools, 
 not later than the first day of April, to make an enum- 
 eration of all the youths resident in such sub-district or 
 independent school district, who shall be over six years 
 and under twenty-one years old, on the first day of July 
 following-, distinguishing between male and female, white 
 and colored. 
 
 The enumeration shall be taken in two classes as fol- 
 lows: One class shall contain all youths between the 
 ages of six and sixteen years, and the other, youths be- 
 tween sixteen and twenty-one years respectively. The 
 enumeration shall be verified by the affidavit of the 
 teacher who took the same, before some person quali- 
 fied to administer oaths, to the effect that he used all 
 means in his power to make it, and believes it to be 
 correct, and shall return such enumeration to 'the secre- Enumeration . 
 tary of the board of education of the district with the p1? n u aity?or 0n 
 term report of such school, or not later than the first not tafein &- 
 day of April; and unless such enumeration be properly 
 taken and returned, the teacher shall not be entitled to 
 demand payment of the balance due on his salary, or so 
 much thereof as shall be necessary to defray the ex- 
 penses of the enumeration as herein provided. 
 
 No teacher in this State shall be required to serve on Teachers ex- 
 any jury, nor to work on the roads, while his school is certain 
 in actual operation. duties. 
 
 The secretary of the board of education shall keep a Enumeration; 
 record in his office of the enumeration of youth so taken, kSp e record 
 and shall annually, on or before the fifteenth day of of - 
 April transmit a certified copy of such enumeration to 
 the county superintendent of his county. When such 
 enumeration for any district or sub-district shall not be 
 
26 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF "WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 received by the county superintendent before the twen- 
 tieth day of April in any year, it shall be his duty, with- 
 out delay, to employ a competent person to take and 
 verify the same as aforesaid. ' The person taking and 
 verifying such enumeration shall be paid a reasonable 
 compensation, to be allowed by the board of education, 
 not to exceed two dollars per day for the time necessa- 
 rily consumed, and paid by an order of said board, 
 signed by the president and secretary, out of the build- 
 ing fund of such district. 
 
 Superintend- I* 1 either case the county superintendent as soon as he 
 ent to report, receives the enumeration for any district or independent 
 school district, and not later than the first day of May, 
 shall forward to the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools a statement of the number of youths of school 
 age therein. The State Superintendent of Free Schools 
 shall prescribe and furnish all blanks to be used for 
 taking the enumeration of youth. 
 
 XL. A correct enumeration of the school youth is one of the most 
 important matters connected with the school work of the State, for 
 It is the basis upon which the general school fund of the State 
 is apportioned. The secretary should carefully examine the enumera- 
 tion report from every sub-district and satisfy himself of its accuracy. 
 
 XLI. The secretary of the board is authorized to administer oaths 
 to teachers as to the correctness of their reports of enumeration. 
 See Section 8. 
 
 Trustees' 
 report. 
 
 Secretary's 
 report. 
 
 20. The trustees of each sub-district shall make a 
 report to the secretary of the board of education of their 
 district, at or before their last meeting in each school 
 year, setting forth in reference to their sub-district, the 
 following particulars; that is to say: The condition of 
 school houses under their charge; the value and kind of 
 apparatus; the number of volumes in school libraries 
 and their value, with such explanations, remarks and 
 additional information as the said trustees may deem 
 useful, or as the blanks furnished by the State Superin- 
 tendent of Free Schools may require. They shall also 
 report the same particulars in relation to any schools 
 under their charge for colored persons. 
 
 XLII. Trustees should make their annual report as prescribed in 
 form No. 9, at the close of the year (June 30) whether the school 
 closed then or not. 
 
 21. The secretary of the board of education to whom 
 the report of the trustees shall have been made, as 
 provided in the twentieth section, shall revise the 
 said reports, and if they be found erroneous or de- 
 fective, may return them for correction. From the cor- 
 rected report and the teachers' registers, provided for 
 in the thirtieth section of this chapter, and such other 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 27 
 
 authentic information as he may be able to obtain, he 
 shall make a report to the county superintendent on or 
 before the twentieth day of July, annually, in tabular 
 form, by sub-districts, embracing each particular re- 
 ported to him by the said trustees' reports and teachers' 
 registers, and showing the aggregate or average of each, 
 as the case may require, for his district. 
 
 And he shall further report to the county superintend- 
 ent on or before the twentieth day of July, annually, the 
 following additional particulars in reference to his dis- 
 trict, for the year ending on the preceding thirtieth day 
 of June, that is to say : The rate and amount of the tax 
 levied for the teachers' fund and the building fund re- 
 spectively; the amount of such taxes collected and 
 placed to the credit of each "of these funds; the amount 
 received from the State ftfr the teachers' fund; the 
 amount of the balance in the treasury at the beginning 
 of the school year for each fund ; the amount of receipts 
 from all other sources placed to the credit of each fund ; 
 the amount expended for the pay of teachers, male and 
 female, white and colored, respectively; the amount of 
 commission paid to the sheriff or collector; the amount 
 of the delinquent list returned by said collector; the 
 amount of the balance in hand at the close of the school 
 year for each fund; the amount expended for the pur- 
 chase of sites for school houses, and for the construction 
 and furnishing of the same; and for the rent, hire and 
 repair of such property; the amount expended for 
 such furniture, for apparatus, for interest, for the enu- 
 meration of youth, and for contingencies; also, the num- 
 ber of volumes in school libraries and their value; total 
 receipts, total expenditures, with such explanations, 
 remarks and additional information as he may deem 
 proper, or as the blanks furnished by the State Super- 
 intendent may require. He shall also, in like manner, 
 report all particulars, pertaining to any colored school 
 or schools in his district, including the number taught 
 therein, and for what length of time. 
 
 For this report the secretary shall be allowed out of Secretary's 
 
 ,, , ., ,. i . -,-ff i i remuneration 
 
 the building fund, in addition to his salary as secretary, for making 
 ten dollars ; but the board of education shall in no case re 
 order this sum to be paid until the county superintendent 
 has certified to them that the said report has been made, 
 and that it is correct and complete, an5 made within the 
 time specified in this section. 
 
 XLIII. In the case of summer schools where a part of the term is 
 finished in one year and a part in the next, the financial condition 
 of the district must be reported, just as it is, without regard to what 
 may or may not be contracted for. In the estimate for the levy the 
 
28 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 amount of partially executed contracts and the balance on hand to 
 pay them must be considered. The statistical report of such schools 
 should be made in the year in which they close. 
 
 XLIV. The secretary's annual report cannot be completed before the 
 sheriff's settlement with the board of education. County superin- 
 tendents must not issue orders for the pay of secretaries until they 
 present correct and complete reports. The law provides this in de- 
 claratory terms. 
 
 XLV. Chapter 29, s. 67 Code, requires the secretary of every school 
 district and independent school district through which a railroad runs 
 in each county, within thirty days after the levy is laid for free 
 school and building purposes, or either, to certify to the auditor the 
 amount so levied, etc. 
 
 in teSden"S er ' 22 - The county superintendent shall receive and revise 
 report. the reports made to him as aforesaid, and see that they 
 
 are in proper form and according to intent of law; and 
 when deficiencies or errors are found to exist, shall re- 
 turn them for correction. From these reports and such 
 other authentic information as he can obtain, he shall 
 make report to the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools, on or before the first day of August, annually, 
 or as soon thereafter as possible, setting forth in refer- 
 ence to each district of his county, for the year ending 
 on the preceding thirtieth day of June, the several par- 
 ticulars mentioned in the twentieth and twenty-first 
 sections, with the proper aggregate or average of each 
 for the county; and shall make the apportionment, and 
 report such apportionment to the auditor, and also re- 
 port whether the districts have made the levy for school 
 purposes required by this chapter. 
 
 XLVI. The report of the county superintendent should be made not 
 later than the first day of August, as prescribed by law. that the State 
 Superintendent may complete his annual report, which he should have 
 compiled for the Governor not later than the first day of October. 
 
 XLVII. The apportionment of the General School Fund, made by 
 the county superintendent, should be reported to the State Superin- 
 tendent, as well as to the auditor. 
 
 School year. 23. The school year shall commence on the first day 
 of July, and close on the thirtieth day of June, and all 
 reports, accounts and settlements respecting the free 
 schools of this State shall be made with reference to the 
 school year. 
 
 XLVIII. If any school opens after the first day of April, (the time 
 required for the enumeration to be returned by the teacher), if the 
 teacher so opening the school has not taken the enumeration and 
 returned it, it is the duty of the county superintendent to employ 
 some one, as the law directs, to take the enumeration of that sub- 
 district. The pay to such person would not be properly deducted 
 from the teacher's salary, who opened the school after the time re- 
 quired for the enumeration to be returned. 
 
 XLIX. If a school opens so near the close of the school year that 
 by continuing in session all the school days to the end of the year 
 the term will not be finished before the year closes, the remaining 
 time, under the contract may be completed in the new year. (In this 
 case the school should be reported in the new year.) If the school 
 open in ample time to finish before the close of the year, but sus- 
 pends before the term is out, the time cannot be added to the next 
 year's term. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 29 
 
 L. The school law contemplates that the financial affairs shall be 
 closed up at the end of each year. 
 
 24. When the board of education of any district deem Jjjjf[{|,^ f hool: 
 it expedient to establish a high school, they shall submit establishing 
 the question to the voters of the district on the day and 8a 
 month of election named in section two of this chapter, 
 of any year, in the manner following, that is to say : The 
 board shall prepare and sign a notice setting forth the 
 kind of school proposed : the place where it is to be 
 located: the estimated expense of establishing the same, 
 including cost of site, building, furniture, books and 
 apparatus and the estimated annual expense of support- 
 ing the school after it is in operation, with such other 
 information concerning it as they may deem proper; 
 and stating that the question of authorizing the estab- 
 lishment of such school will be submitted to the voters 
 of the district, at the election specified in the notice, 
 which they shall cause to be posted four weeks before 
 the election in at least three of the most public places 
 in the district. A poll shall thereupon be taken upon 
 the said question, at the election specified in the notice, 
 and the result ascertained in like manner as is prescribed 
 in section two of this chapter. The ballots used in 
 voting on the question shall have written or printed 
 thereon the words, "For the high school," or "Against 
 the high school." If it appear by the result of said poll 
 that not less than three-fifths of the voters who voted 
 on the question are in favor of authorizing the establish- 
 ment of said school, the board of education may then 
 proceed to obtain the site and provide proper buildings, 
 fixtures and improvements, and procure necessary furni- 
 ture, books and apparatus for the said school, to sup- 
 port the same after it is put in operation ; for which pur- 
 pose the board may annually levy an additional tax on Additional 
 the property taxable in their district, not to exceed in hTg'h Schools, 
 any one year thirty cents on every one hundred dollars 
 valuation thereof, according to the latest assessment for 
 State and county taxation. The said school shall be 
 under the care and direction of the board of education 
 of the district in which it is established. 
 
 LI. The maximum rate of levy is 50 cents on the one hundred dol- 
 lars, for country and village schools except as provided in section 
 40, but for the support of high schools established in accordance 
 with the provisions of this section, there may be an additional levy 
 of 30 cents on the one hundred dollars, thus making the maximum 
 rate for the support of these schools 80 cents on the one hundred 
 dollars, and the power to levy to this extent is granted to the board 
 by the vote of the people when the high school is established. 
 
30 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 High school 
 may be 
 established 
 by two or 
 more 
 districts. 
 
 Directors of 
 joint high 
 school. 
 
 Care and 
 dlrectioa of 
 joint school. 
 
 Director s 
 report. 
 
 25. In like manner, if the boards of education of two 
 or more districts, whether in the same or different coun- 
 ties, deem it expedient to jointly establish and support 
 a high school, they may submit the question of author- 
 izing the same to the voters of their districts, sepa- 
 rately, and in the manner prescribed in section twenty- 
 four of this chapter, specifying in the notice the amount 
 or proportion of the expense which each district is to 
 contribute ; and if authorized by not less than three-fifths 
 of the voters voting on the question in each district, 
 may proceed jointly to establish and support the said 
 school; and for that purpose the said boards may annu- 
 ally levy a tax on the property taxable in their respec- 
 tive 'districts, not to exceed in any one year the rate of 
 thirty cents on every one hundred dollars valuation 
 thereof. 
 
 The said school shall be under the care and direc- 
 tion of directors, to be selected and removed from time 
 to time in such manner as the boards of education con- 
 cerned may agree upon, or when there is no such agree- 
 ment, under the care and direction of the board of 
 education of the district in which the school house is 
 situated, and the boards of education concerned shall 
 from time to time prescribe such regulations as they 
 may deem necessary respecting the school. 
 
 26. The board of directors who have the care and 
 direction of the said school shall appoint, and may re- 
 move the teachers, shall fix their salaries; prescribe the 
 branches of learning to be taught; the time the school 
 shall be kept open; the ages and qualifications of the 
 scholars to be admitted, admit scholars from non-con- 
 tributing districts on such terms of tuition as they may 
 deem proper; expel or suspend scholars when necessary; 
 ascertain and certify the expenses of the school, of 
 which they shall cause exact accounts to be kept; and 
 prsscribe all needful regulations respecting the school, 
 subject, nevertheless, to any regulations respecting the 
 same that may be prescribed pursuant to the preceding 
 section. 
 
 They shall annually report through their secretary on 
 or before the twentieth day of July, to the superintend- 
 ent of free schools for the county in which the school 
 house is situated, such particulars respecting the 
 schools as the State Superintendent of Free Schools 
 may require; and the county superintendent shall trans- 
 mit the report, with such remarks and additional infor- 
 mation as he deems proper, to the State Superintend- 
 ent. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 31 
 
 The boards of education of any district may also 
 establish graded schools in towns, villages and densely 
 populated neighborhoods of their respective districts, 
 employ teachers therefor, and make such special regu- 
 lations as may be necessary to conduct them. But in 
 every such case involving additional taxation, the mat- 
 ter shall be first submitted to a vote of the people and 
 their consent obtained, as is prescribed in section twenty- 
 four in case of a high school ; Provided, That no addi- 
 tional levy for a graded school shall exceed in any one 
 year fifteen cents on every hundred dollars valuation. 
 Provided, further, When any sub-district having graded 
 schools, desires a longer term of school than four months, schools. 
 it shall be the duty of the board of education on the pe- 
 tition of the taxpayers of such sub-district to submit the 
 question to the voters of said sub-district, at such tini3 
 and place as they may fix, by posting notices ten days 
 before said election, setting forth the number of months 
 the said school shall be run, including the State Fund 
 and their proper share of any district levy that may be 
 levied in the districts for the support of the schools of 
 said districts. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the assessor, with the assistance Asses ^oj 
 of the secretary of the board of education, to furnish iTst 8 of proper- 
 such board a list of the property, both real and personal, ty * 
 assessed by him in said sub-district, for State and county 
 purposes. And the said board of education may pro- 
 vide for the extending of the said tax, and provide for 
 the collection of the same, under such rules and regula- 
 tions as they may provide, and use the fund thus col- 
 lected for the running of such graded schools. 
 
 LII. I am of the opinion that under chapter 45, section 26, of the 
 Code, the board of education of a district can not declare all the 
 schools in their district, graded schools, and refuse to appoint trus- 
 tees, etc., as required by law. 
 
 If a board of education employs the teachers in their district 
 under the conditions heretofore mentioned, the contracts with such 
 teachers are illegal, and, in my opinion, cannot be enforced. Romeo 
 H. Freer, Attorney -General. 
 
 LIII. "No vote o^. the people is necessary as a condition prece- 
 dent to the establishing of a graded school in a district in case such 
 school does not increase the levy over the fifty cent limit named im 
 section 40. The vote to authorize any levy must be taken as re- 
 quired by section 2. Section 26 specifically requires a vote where the 
 cost involves a levy in excess of such fifty cents. I find no authority 
 for continuing a graded school any longer period than other schools of 
 a district." Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 LIV. The number of tax-payers who are to petition for more 
 than five months school in a sub-district is left to the discretion of 
 the board. There should be a sufllcient number on the petition to 
 indicate that the desire was seriously entertained and entitled to re- 
 spect. 
 
 LV. The vote should be taken not later than the 10th of May, so 
 that if the increased rate of levy is authorized, the assessor may 
 have the necessary time in whick to extend same on his books. The 
 
32 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 rate of levy being 50 cents on the one hundred dollars, the increase 
 to be voted upon can not exceed fifteen cents additional, making the 
 maximum levy for the support of a graded school 65 cents on the 
 one hundred dollars. 
 
 LVI. "The board should have the sheriff collect the taxes for the 
 graded school. They should enter an order authorizing him to col- 
 lect. It would not be best to order the collection by any one else. 
 Alfred CaldwelL Attorney -General. 
 
 Kindergarten " That ^ ne board of education of any school dis- 
 
 schooist trict, in which there is a city, town or village, of one thou- 
 sand population or more, may establish in connection 
 with the schools of such district a kindergarten, to which 
 may be admitted children between the ages of four and 
 six years, under such regulations as may be prescribed 
 by law for the admission of youth to the other schools 
 of such district. 
 
 Every person employed as teacher in such kinder- 
 garten shall either hold a diploma from a kindergarten 
 college, or, in addition to holding such a certificate as is 
 required of other persons employed as teachers in the 
 schools of this State, be duly examined as to the kinder- 
 garten methods and theories, in such manner as the board 
 of education may prescribe. 
 
 .[Note. Most of the provisions of sec. 27 are repealed by sec. 28a.] 
 County board 
 
 of examiners, 27. There shall be in every county, for the purpose 
 of examining and certifying teachers, a county board of 
 examiners, to be composed of the county superintend- 
 ent, who shall be ex-officio president, and two experi- 
 enced teachers, each of whom shall have received a 
 teacher's state certificate or a number one county cer- 
 tificate, or be a graduate of some reputable school, to be 
 nominated by the county superintendent and appointed 
 by the presidents of the district boards of education, 
 at a meeting for that purpose, to be held at the county 
 seat on the first Wednesday in July, 1893, one of whom 
 shall be appointed for a term of two years and one for 
 one year, and thereafter one member annually for a 
 term of two years, at which meeting a majority of said 
 presidents, or any three thereof, shall constitute a 
 quorum. It shall be the duty of the county superin- 
 
 Vacancies. tendent to attend such meetings. 
 
 Vacancies in said board of examiners shall be filled by 
 the presidents in the same manner as members of said 
 board are appointed, and it shall be the duty of the 
 county superintendent, upon ten days' notice, to call 
 
 Com < meetings of said presidents at the county seat for that 
 
 tio?of n exam- purpose. The board of examiners shall each receive a 
 compensation of three dollars per day for each day actu- 
 ally and necessarily employed in conducting the examin- 
 ations, and for one day at each of the two stated exam- 
 inations required in section twenty-eight of this chapter 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 33 
 
 to bo spent in consultation and preparation for their 
 duties. This compensation shall be paid out of tiie fees 
 received from the teachers examined, and shall in no 
 case exceed the amount thereof. 
 
 The county superintendent shall collect from every 
 person who applies for examination a fee therefor of 
 one dollar, out of which he shall pay the per diem of 
 the board of examiners, and the expense of the notice County Su _ 
 required by the twenty-eighth section of this chapter, perintendent 
 
 if -r? i i n *t- i -e 1 i to collect fees 
 
 and the balance, if any, he shall pay to the sheriff, to be and return 
 placed to the credit of the distributable fund of the account - 
 county received from the State, and distributed with it. 
 He shall at the end of each school year, make and re- 
 turn to the clerk of the county court, and also to the 
 State Superintendent, a detailed and certificed account of 
 the names of all applicants for examination ; the amount 
 of the fees received by him for the same; the 'amount 
 paid out to the members of the board of examiners, and 
 the balance, if any, placed to the credit of the distri- 
 butable fund of the county as aforesaid. 
 
 LVII. Presidents of independent school districts should partici- 
 pate in the election of members of the board of examiners excep't 
 where their teachers are not required to be examined by said board, 
 as in Wheeling, Huntington, Charleston, Martinsburg, &c. 
 
 LVII I. No more than two names should be proposed to the presi- 
 dents of the boards of education at one time for members of the board 
 of examiners. If either or both are rejected, then other nominations 
 should be made. 
 
 LIX. No person other than a teacher should be appointed a member 
 of the board of examiners. 
 
 LX. All appointees must hold No. 1 certificates or their equiva- 
 lents. 
 
 LXI. The county superintendent has the sole right to name candi- 
 dates to the presidents for members of the board of examiners. 
 
 LXII. All school officers, including members of the boards of ex- 
 aminers, are required to take the oath prescribed by tne constitution, 
 section 5, Article IV. 
 
 LXIII. The presidents of the boards of education have no authority 
 to elect persons members of the board of examiners not nominated 
 by the county superintendent. 
 
 LXIV. The offices of president of board of education and member 
 of the board of examiners are incompatible. 
 
 LXV. In case there is more money received from fees in one exam- 
 ination than pays tho'per diem of the members of the board and the 
 publication of notice, the residue may be used to pay per diem of 
 members of the board in subsequent examinations in the same year 
 where the receipts are insufficient. 
 
 LXVI. It is the duty of the county superintendent to preserve the 
 manuscripts of the teachers who -are examined, for at least one year 
 from their date. 
 
 LXVII. It is a gross violation of official duty for the presidents 
 to remain absent from the meeting for the purpose of avoiding the 
 appointment of examiners. They are subject to be fined under s. 
 50 School Law. Examiners hold over until a new appointment is 
 made of successors. Alfred Cnldirell, Attorney-General. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Teachers 
 must have a 
 certificate. 
 
 Teachers 
 examined in 
 certain 
 branches. 
 
 Certificate 
 
 county 6 where 
 issued. 
 
 Examina- 
 ce??ain time's! 
 
 Examiners 
 tendent e may 
 
 [Note. Most of the provisions of sec. 28 are repealed by sec. 28a.] 
 
 28. No teacher shall be employed to teach any public 
 school of this State until he shall have presented to the 
 trustees, directors or board having charge of such school, 
 a certificate in duplicate of his qualifications to teach a 
 school of the grade for which he applies, the duplicate 
 of which shall be filed with the secretary of the board of 
 education of the district in which the school is situated 
 and so endorsed on the original by the secretary ; and no 
 salary shall be paid to any teacher unless duplicate be 
 filed as aforesaid. 
 
 The board of examiners shall examine each candidate 
 for the profession of teacher, who may apply to them, 
 as tfl his or her competency to teach orthography, read- 
 ing, penmanship, arithmetic, English grammar, geog- 
 raphy, history, single entry book-keeping and civil 
 government, if the application be for a primary school, 
 and if the application be for a higher school, they 
 shall examine the applicant as to his competency to 
 teach the additional branches required for such school, 
 and is satisfied of the competency of the applicant to 
 teach and govern such schools, and that he or she is of 
 good moral character and not addicted to drunkenness, 
 they shall give a certificate in duplicate accordingly. 
 The county superintendent shall keep a register of ail 
 certificates awarded by the board of examiners, stating 
 the character and grade of certificate and the time when 
 issued. 
 
 No certificate shall be issued by the board of examin- 
 ers > except upon an actual examination, participated in 
 by a majority of the board, or be of force except in the 
 county in which it was issued, nor for a longer period 
 than one year, except as provided in section twenty-nine 
 of this chapter, and the board of examiners may, upon 
 proper evidence of the fact, revoke the certificate of 
 any teacher within the county, for any cause which 
 would have justified the withholding thereof, when the 
 same was granted, by giving ten days notice to the 
 teacher of their intent to do so. 
 
 The board of examiners shall, at two stated periods 
 ^ n eac ^ vear ? agreed upon by themselves, of which they 
 shall give due notice, hold public examinations, at which 
 all applicants for certificates shall be required to attend ; 
 and should circumstances require it, the county super- 
 intendent may call extra meetings for trie same purpose. 
 County superintendents and members of the board of 
 examiners may be employed to teach without the certifi- 
 required of other teachers. But should any mem- 
 ber of the board of education or school trustee be em- 
 ployed as teacher, it shall vacate his office. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 35 
 
 LXVIII. No person shall be employed to teach a public school Vho 
 has not a teacher's certificate regularly issued and still in force. Sub- 
 stitute teachers are permissible when the teacher is unavoidably ab- 
 sent, and then only, with the consent of the school trustees. Sub- 
 stitutes should have certificates of same grade as those whose places 
 they fill. It is not necessary for the trustees to make a contract with 
 a substitute. A teacher can not engage a school, make a contract 
 for it, then employ a substitute and himself take another school. 
 
 LXIX. If a teacher obtain two certificates the same year, he may 
 contract with the trustees on either, whether of the same or different 
 grades. 
 
 LXX. The right of a member of the board of examiners to teach 
 without examination is confined to the county in which such position 
 is held. 
 
 LXXI. The members of the board of examiners are authorized to 
 teach without certificates, and are therefore prohibited from issuing 
 certificates to each other. 
 
 LXXII. Section 30 of chapter 45 of the Codje, provides that all cer- 
 tificates for the school year, must be issued after July first. * * * 
 There is no provision made for the examination of a county superin- 
 tendent while in office as he has the right to teach during his term 
 of office without a certificate. 7'. v. Ifilci/. Attorney-General. 
 
 28a. The general regulation, direction and control of County ex- 
 all matters relating to the examination of applicants f or 
 teachers' certificates and the issuance thereof, including 
 the prepartion of questions, the grading of manuscripts, tion and con 
 the granting of certificates, the control and government 
 of county boards of examiners, to be hereinafter provid- 
 ed for, and all other powers necessary for carrying into 
 effect the provsions of this act, shall hereafter be vested 
 in the State Superintendent of free schools, Provided, 
 That nothing contained herein shall be construed to alter 
 or amend section twenty-nine^ of chapter forty-five of 
 the code, relating to the powers and duties of the state 
 board of examiners. 
 
 2. Examinations for teachers at such times as shall be Time ami 
 designated by the State Superintendent of free schools, 
 
 shall be held simultaneously in each of the counties of 
 this State, at such places as shall be designated by coun- 
 ty superintendents; Provided, That no more than five 
 such examinations be held annually. 
 
 3. For the preparation and printing of questions, th^ 
 grading of manuscripts, the transmission of certificates 
 and the additional clerical work demanded by .the re- 
 quirements of this act, the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools shall be allowed an amount not to exceed twenty- Appropria- 
 te hundred dollars annually, which sum is hereby ap- duetto? ( 
 propriated and set apart from the general school fund exumination * 
 of this State for this purpose, but such sum shall in no 
 
 event exceed the amount received from the fees provided 
 for in section eleven of this act. 
 
 4. Applicants for teachers ' certificates shall be re- Branches. 
 
36 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Questions 
 
 and 
 
 Manuscripts. 
 
 Age and oth 
 er qualifica- 
 tions. 
 
 Grading- 
 manuscripts. 
 
 Grades of 
 certificates. 
 
 State Super- 
 intendent 
 may revoke 
 certificates. 
 
 quired to pass an examination in all the branches re- 
 quired to be taught in the primary free schools of this 
 State, and upon which they are now required to pass ex- 
 amination by law. And, it shall be the duty of the State 
 Superintendent of Free Schools to prepare questions upon 
 the same and transmit such questions to the county sup- 
 erintendent of each county, properly sealed, to preclude 
 examination,, and such county superintendent shall open 
 and seal all manuscripts, in the presence of the county 
 board of examiners and the assembled applicants, and 
 conduct such examination in a manner to be fully pre- 
 scribed by the State Superintendent. At the conclusion 
 of such examination, the county superintendent and 
 board of examiners shall forward to the State Superin- 
 tendent properly sealed, all manuscripts submitted to 
 them, in accordance with full instructions to be furnished 
 by the State Superintendent, together with such informa- 
 tion, statements or affidavits as the State Superintendent 
 may require. But no applicant known by the board of 
 examiners not to be of good moral character, or to be ad- 
 dicted to drunkenness, or not to have attained the age of 
 seventeen years, shall be admitted to such examination. 
 
 5. Within a reasonable time after the receipt of the 
 foregoing manuscripts, from the board of examiners, it 
 shall be the duty of the State Superintendent and his as- 
 sistants to examine and grade the same, and to issue cer- 
 tificates based thereon, observing the following regula- 
 tions in regard to the same : 
 
 I. Such certificate shall state the applcant's grade or 
 proficiency in each branch in which he is examined. 
 
 II. Three grades of certificates shall be issued, based 
 upon the following scale : 
 
 First grade certificates shall be issued to all applicants 
 who attain a general average of ninety per cent, on a 
 scale of one hundred per cent., and not less than seventy- 
 five per cent, on any one branch; second grade certifi- 
 cates shall be issued to all applicants who attain a general 
 average of eighty per cent, and not lower than seventy 
 per cent, on any one branch ; third grade certificates shall 
 be issued to all applicants who attain a general average 
 of seventy per cent, and not lower than sixty per cent, 
 on any one branch. Failure to attend teachers' institutes, 
 as required by law, shall be deemed sufficient reason for 
 withholding the certificate of any applicant. 
 
 The State Superintendent may, upon proper evidence 
 of the fact or charges by the county board of examiners, 
 revoke the certificate of any teacher for any cause which 
 would have justified the withholding thereof when the 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 37 
 
 same was granted, by giving ten days notice to such 
 teacher, of his intention to do so. 
 
 (>. All certificates so issued, shall be signed by the signed by 
 State- Superintendent and forwarded by him to the proper 
 coimty superintendent, who shall countersign same and I v 
 deliver to the teachers entitled thereto. And such certi- counties, 
 ficates shall supersede any and all other examinations re- 
 quired of the persons holding them, except those that 
 may be especially authorized by law in independent 
 school districts of this State, and shall be valid in any 
 school district in the State, unless revoked as provided 
 for in section five. 
 
 7. First-grade certificates shall be valid for a period Term of 
 of five years; second-grade certificates for a period of C( 
 three years, and third-grade certificates for a period of 
 
 one year, and, such third grade certificate shall not be 
 issued to the same applicant more than twice. The State 
 Superintendent and county superintendent shall each 
 keep a register of all certificates awarded, stating the 
 character and grade of each and date thereof. 
 
 8. If any county superintendent intentionally changes Penalties for 
 the examination prescribed by the State Superintendent, c 
 
 or commits any fraud with intent to assist or hinder any 
 person, in securing a certificate, it shall be sufficient 
 cause to declare the office of the said county superinten- 
 dent vacant. If any other person tampers with the ques- 
 tions before examination, or with the manuscripts after 
 the examination, or attempts to render aid in any exam- 
 ination, he shall be fined ten dollars and confined in jail 
 ten days, upon complaint and conviction before any jus- 
 tice of the peace. All county certificates now outstand- 
 ing, shall be good for the county and for the time marked 
 on the face thereof, but shall not be renewed. Any coun- 
 ty superintendent who knows of any immorality on the 
 part of any person holding a county certificate shall, if 
 the person so offending live in his county, after giving 
 due notice .to such person, suspend the said certificate 
 for twelve months ; and if the person so offending be a res- 
 ident of another county, he shall notify the superinten- 
 dent of that county, after giving due notice to such per- 
 son, who shall suspend the certificate for twelve months. 
 In either case, the suspension shall be marked upon the 
 back of the certificate. Any person who refuses to sur- 
 render his certificate, when demanded, for the purpose of 
 having said suspension marked on it, shall be disqualified 
 for two years from teaching in this State. 
 
 9. Any applicant feeling himself aggrieved by any Right of 
 action or ruling of the county superintendent or board of uppeal< 
 
38 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Offices va- 
 cated by 
 teaching. 
 
 Members of 
 board of 
 examiners. 
 
 examiners, shall have the right of appeal to the State 
 Superintendent, whose decision shall be final. 
 NO person to 10. No person shall be employed to teach in a public 
 
 teach without , , ,, ,, . ~ t . ., , % %_, 
 
 certificate school of this State, until he shall have presented to the 
 bers P o t f I b < oard trustees or board having charge thereof, a certificate in 
 of examiners, duplicate of his qualification, which duplicate shall be 
 filed with the secretary of the board of education of the 
 district wherein said school is situated, and so indorsed 
 on the original by the secretary, and no salary shall be 
 paid to any teacher unless such duplicate be so filed. 
 Members of the board of examiners may be employed to 
 teach without the certificates required of other teachers, 
 but should any member of the board of education, or any 
 school trustee, be employed as teacher, it shall vacate his 
 office. 
 
 11. There shall be in every county for the purpose of 
 examing teachers a county board of examiners, to be com- 
 posed of the county superintendent, who shall be ex-officio 
 president, and two experienced teachers, each of whom 
 shall have received a teacher's state certificate or a num- 
 ber one county certificate, or be a graduate of some repu- 
 table school, to be nominated by the county superinten- 
 dent and be appointed by the presidents of the district 
 boards of education, as now prescribed by law, one mem- 
 ber to be appointed annually for a term of two years, at 
 which meeting a majority of'said presidents, or any three 
 thereof, shall constitute a quorum. It shall be the duty 
 of the county superintendent to attend such meeting. 
 
 Vacancies in said board of examiners shall be filled by 
 the presidents in the same manner as members of said 
 board are appointed, and it shall be the duty of the coun- 
 ty superintendent, upon ten days notice, to call meet- 
 ings of said presidents at the county seat for that pur- 
 pose. The board of examiners shall each receive a com- 
 pensation of three dollars per day for each day actually 
 and necessarily employed in conducting the examina- 
 tions. The county superintendent shall collect from 
 every applicant a fee of two dollars, out of which fees 
 he shall pay the per diem of the board of examiners, and 
 the expenses of the notice and of conducting such ex- 
 amination, but such per diem, and expenses shall not 
 exceed one-half of the fees so collected; the remainder 
 of such fees he shall pay to the Auditor of the State to be 
 placed to the credit of the general school fund of tho 
 State. He shall, at the close of all examinations, make 
 ancl re turn to the State Superintendent of Free Schools, a 
 detailed and certified account of the names of all appli- 
 cants for examination ; the amount of fees collected by 
 
 Vacancies 
 
 compensa- 
 
 Account of 
 fJnd lination 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 39 
 
 him; the amount paid out as above provided, and the 
 b.alance placed to the credit of the general school fund, 
 as aforesaid. 
 
 All acts or parts of acts inconsistent with any of the 
 provisions of this act, are hereby repealed. 
 
 LXXIII. I am clearly of the opinion that the Legislature never 
 intended to say that because a trustee should teach in a district 
 other than the one for which he is trustee that his office would thereby 
 be vacated. I can see the legal impropriety of a teacher being trustee 
 in his own district and possibly thus employing himself ; but surely 
 he would have the right to teach in another district under a contract 
 with the trustees of such other district. Romeo H. Freer, Attorney- 
 General. 
 
 [Note. Most of the provisions of sec. 29 are repealed by sec. 28a.] 
 
 29. The following regulations shall be observed by Sr g b^ard n ef 
 boards of examiners with regard to examinations and examlners - 
 granting teachers' certificates: 
 
 First. No applicant shall be admitted to examination 
 unless the board shall have reasonable evidence that he 
 or she is of good moral character and temperate habits, 
 and has attained the age of sixteen years. 
 
 Second. No college diploma or certificate of recom- 
 mendation from the president or faculty of any college 
 or normal school or academy shall be taken to super- 
 sede the necessity of examination by the board of exam- 
 iners, nor shall a certificate be granted to any applicant 
 except after a careful examination upon each branch of 
 study and upon the art of teaching. 
 
 Third. Boards of examiners and others herein author- 
 ized to confer certificates shall state the teacher's grade 
 of proficiency in each branch in which he is examined. 
 
 Fourth. They shall grade the certificate granted ac- 
 cording to the following scheme numbering them ac- 
 cording to the merit of the applicant from one to three : Fir8t grade 
 
 The first grade certificate shall be issued to all appli- certificates, 
 cants who shall pass an examination in all the branches 
 required to be taught in the primary free schools of the 
 State, and in addition thereto the theory and art of 
 teaching, general history, civil government and book- 
 keeping, and obtain a general average of ninety per 
 cent, on a scale of one hundred per cent, and not less 
 than seventy-five on any one branch; which certificates 
 shall be valid for a period of four years and shall be 
 re-issued once without examination at the discretion of 
 said board of examiners, provided the holder has taught 
 two years on said certificate. e ec0 nd rade 
 
 The second grade certificate shall be Issued to all ap- e 
 plicants who shall pass an examination upon all the 
 branches required to be taught in the primary free 
 schools and in addition thereto civil government and the 
 theory and art of teaching and obtain a general average 
 
40 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 of eighty per cent, and not lower than seventy per cent, 
 on any one branch, which shall be valid for a period of 
 two years and be re-issued only upon examination. 
 
 Third grade. The third grade certificate shall be granted to appli- 
 cants who shall pass a satisfactory examination in 
 the branches required to be taught in the primary free 
 schools, and the theory and art of teaching and obtain 
 a general average of seventy per cent, and not lower 
 than sixty per cent, in any one branch, and be valid for 
 a period of one year and be re-issued only upon exami- 
 nation and then not to the applicant more than twice. 
 All grades of county certificates provided by law shall 
 be granted at the same examination. Failure to attend 
 the teachers' county institute where such attendance 
 may be required of teachers holding any of these grade 
 certificates unless excused by law or unless said failure 
 may be for reasons deemed sufficient by the county 
 board of examiners shall be cause for revoking said cer- 
 tificate. 
 
 state Board 29. I There shall be a State board of examiners 
 EKxamIners ' which shall consist of four competent persons, one from 
 each congressional district, to be appointed by the State 
 Superintendent of Free Schools: the term of office of 
 such examiners shall be four years and vacancies in said 
 board shall be filled by the State Superintendent of Free 
 
 Meetings. Schools. Said board shall meet at two different places, 
 at least, in each congressional district in each year, for 
 the purpose of making the examinations and granting 
 the certificates provided for in this act, and any three of 
 said members shall constitute a quorum. 
 
 IJ - Tne hoard thus constituted may issue two grades 
 of certificates to such as are found to possess the requi- 
 site scholarship, and who exhibit satisfactory evidence 
 of good moral character and of professional experience 
 and ability, as follows : First class certificates for tw r elve 
 years; second class, for six years. Any person holding 
 a certificate of the first class, who shall liave taught for 
 eight years of said twelve years, shall be entitled, with- 
 out examination, to have the same renewed at the expi- 
 ration of the said twelve. 
 
 The second class to be issued to applicants of satis- 
 factory attainments in the branches required for county 
 certificates, and in addition, not fewer than four other 
 branches to be determined upon by the board. 
 
 The second class certificates shall be issued upon ap- 
 f P^ ca tion, without examination, to the graduates of the 
 
 institutions. State University of West Virginia, of the Peabody Nor- 
 mal College of Tennessee, of the State normal school 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 41 
 
 and its branches of West Virginia, and of other schools 
 in this State whose grade of work is equal in all respects, 
 in the judgment of the board, to the State normal school 
 and its branches, where graduates shall have presented 
 to the board satisfactory evidence that they have taught 
 successfully three years in the State under a number ono 
 county certificate, two of which said three years shall 
 immediately precede the application for such certificate. 
 
 Teachers who shall present to the board satisfactory J|* ^ex- 
 evidence that they have taught successfully four years, 
 under a second-class certificate, shall be entitled to re- 
 ceive, without examination, a first-class certificate at the 
 expiration of the second-class. 
 
 The board shall keep a record of the proceedings, Record, 
 showing the number, date and duration of each certifi- 
 cate, to whom granted, and for what branches of study, 
 and shall report such statistics to the State Superintend- 
 ent annually on or before the thirtieth day of Septem- 
 ber. 
 
 III. All certificates issued by such board shall be 
 countersigned by the Superintendent of Free Schools; 
 and such certificates shall supersede any and all other 
 examinations of the persons holding them, by any board 
 of examiners, and shall be equivalent to a number one 
 certificate granted by a county board of examiners, and 
 shall be valid in any school district in the State, unless 
 revoked by the State board for a good cause. 
 
 IV. Each applicant for a certificate shall pay the Fee - 
 board of examiners a fee of five dollars. 
 
 V. The board of examiners shall each receive a com- 
 pensation of five dollars per day actually and necessa- iners - 
 rily spent in conducting the examinations, and for one 
 day to be spent in consultation and in preparing for 
 their duties and six cents per mile for each mile neces- 
 sarily traveled in going to and returning from the place 
 
 of examination. This compensation shall be paid out 
 of the fees received from the teachers examined, and 
 shall in no case exceed the amount so received. 
 
 Said board shall, at the end of each school year, make Annual report 
 and return, to the State Superintendent of Free Schools, p? r ?nten<fent. 
 a detailed and certified account of the names of all the 
 applicants for examination, the amount of the fees re- 
 ceived, the amount paid out to the members of the board, 
 and the balance, if any, shall be paid over to the treas- 
 urer of the State, to be placed to the credit of the dis- 
 tributable school fund. 
 
 LXXIV. Graduates of the State Normal School and of the State 
 University, in order to secure the second class certificates, must 
 present to the State board of examiners satisfactory evidence that 
 
42 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 registers. 
 
 they have taught successfully three years under a Number 1 county 
 certificate ; two of which said years must immediately precede the 
 application for the certificate. 
 
 keep daily 30. Every teacher shall keep a daily register and make 
 and term monthly reports to the secretary of the board of educa- 
 tion of his district. He shall also keep a term register in 
 which shall be entered the date of the commencement 
 and termination of every term of school, the name and 
 age of every scholar who attended the school during said 
 term, the daily attendance, distinguishing between males 
 and females, the branches taught and the number of 
 scholars engaged each month in the study of each branch, 
 and such other particulars as are necessary to enable the 
 secretaries of the boards of education, or directors, to 
 make the reports required of them; and such monthly 
 report shall in addition to other facts now required show 
 the number of days taught by a substitute, if any, and 
 the grade of .certificate held by such substitute. 
 
 The State Superintendent of Free Schools shall pre- 
 scribe such forms and regulations respecting the register 
 to be kept and the reports to be maide by the teachers as 
 shall seem to him necessary. At the close of each term, the 
 register thereof shall be returned by the teacher to the 
 office of the secretary of the board of education of the 
 Forfeit for district, who shall file the same, and unless such register 
 tur r term re ~ ^ e P r P erl y kept and returned, the teacher shall not be 
 register. entitled to demand payment for the balance due on his 
 salary. Teachers shall be paid monthly, and by orders 
 on the sheriff, or collectors, signed by the secretary and 
 president of the board, which orders, when signed as 
 aforesaid and delivered to the teacher, shall be deemed 
 at once due and payable. When any teacher has taught 
 according to his contract, for one month, the trustees 
 for the sub-district in which he has taught : shall certify 
 the fact to the secretary of the district board, whereupon 
 he shall receive from said secretary an order upon the 
 sheriff or collector of the county, signed by the secretary 
 and president of the board of education, for one month '; 
 salary; but in no case shall such order be given unless 
 the monthly report containing the facts required in the 
 preceding part of this section, to be shown in the term 
 register, be first duly made out and returned to the sec- 
 retary. The school month shall consist of twenty days,. 
 excluding Saturday, all of which shall be devoted to 
 teaching the school contracted for. As a means of im- 
 proving the teachers and fitting them for more effective 
 service in the free schools of the State, teachers' insti- 
 tutes shall be held annually throughout the State, one or 
 more in each county; they shall be held at sucH places 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 43 
 
 as the State Superintendent shall, with the advice of the 
 county superintendent, direct, and during the week pre- 
 ceding that school term in each county, which a majority 
 of the school teachers of such county may designate by 
 petition to the county superintendent, or by vote at the 
 preceding teachers' institute, and shall continue each for 
 one week of five days. 
 
 And every person employed as a teacher in the free compensa- 
 schools of the State, who has attended a county institute, institute 
 shall receive pay for the same at the rate of one dollar attendance - 
 and fifty cents per day for a period not to exceed five 
 days in any one year, the amount of such compensation 
 to be paid, with the salary of the last month of the school 
 term, out of the building fund of the district. 
 
 The institutes shall be conducted by experienced and 
 skillful institute instructors, but it shall be a part of the 
 duty of the county superintendent, under the instructions 
 of the State Superintendent, to make all proper arrange- 
 ments for the institutes, and to assist in conducting 
 them. 
 
 The instructors, whom the State Superintendent shall 
 appoint as herein provided, shall each receive for his ser- instructors, 
 vices not more than twenty-five dollars and, his expenses 
 for each institute he may instruct, to be paid out of the 
 general school fund on a proper order of the State Super- 
 intendent, but in no case shall the amount so paid ex- 
 ceed one hundred dollars for any one institute. 
 
 Every teacher enrolling in a county institute shall pay institute fee. 
 an institute fee of one dollar, seventy-five cents of which 
 shall be remitted to the Auditor of the State to be paid 
 ino the State treasury to the credit of the general school 
 fund, and twenty-five cents to be paid for incidental ex- 
 penses and for the betterment of the institute. 
 
 The county superintendent shall, at the close, of the in- reports! 6 
 stitute, forward to the State Superintendent a certified 
 list of all persons enrolled at the county institute, giving 
 the exact time each was in attendance and the amount 
 of money received ; he shall also forward to the Auditor 
 seventy-five cents for every person so enrolled in his 
 county. 
 
 Within the months of July, August and September or 
 other month after the institute, the county board of ex- 
 aminers shall hold one of the two examinations prescribed 
 in section twenty-eight. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the State Superintendent to pre- ^ r * r d | d of , n 
 scribe a graded course of institute work covering a period stitute work, 
 of two years, which shall embrace history of education, 
 school management, methods of teaching, educational 
 
44 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Failure to 
 
 attend 
 
 institute. 
 
 Appropria 
 tion for 
 institutes. 
 
 who exempt psychology and such other subjects as may be prescribed 
 from institute for the West Virginia Teachers' Reading Circle. Any 
 teacher who has completed the graded course of institute 
 work and the graded course of professional study and 
 passed a satisfactory examination thereon, and also ob- 
 tained a number one teacher's certificate, shall be exempt 
 from further compulsory institute attendance; but any 
 teacher so exempt may attend any such institute and 
 draw pay for the same as above provided. Any teacher 
 not exempt from institute attendance who shall fail or 
 refuse to attend at least one institute annually held under 
 the provisions of this section, unless such teacher shall 
 have an excuse therefor sufficient in the judgment of the 
 board of examiners, shall not be entitled to continue or 
 complete the school term wherein he may be teaching or 
 be employed to teach, in any free school during the year 
 within which such failure or refusal may have occurred, 
 and it shall be the duty of the county superintendent to 
 see that such teacher or teachers are compelled to stop 
 teaching for the year in which such failure occurred. 
 
 There is hereby appropriated for the support of said 
 county institutes, from the general school fund, the sum 
 of six thousand dollars for the year 1903, and six thou- 
 sand dollars for the year 1904. 
 
 All acts or. parts of acts inconsistent with this section 
 are hereby repealed. 
 
 LXXV. * * * In view of this condition, I am of opinion that 
 institutes may be held any time after the third Monday in July of 
 each year, and possibly as late as November. Remeo H. Freer, At- 
 torney-General. 
 
 LXXVI. The secretary of the board should carefully examine the 
 monthly summary which the teacher flies at the end of each month, 
 for it should contain a summary of what the teacher is recording In 
 his term register, which is to become the chief basis of the secre- 
 tary's report to the county superintendent. In no instance should 
 the secretary issue the teacher's order for his last month's salary 
 until the term register is found to contain all data required by the 
 above section, to be recorded in it. 
 
 LXXVII. "The applicant for examination for a teacher's certificate 
 must have a'ttended one institute during the year or have an excuse 
 for not so attending sufficient in the judgment of the board of exam- 
 iners to entitle such applicant to be examined. Such attendance 
 within the year, or such excuse is a condition precedent to the right 
 to be examined." Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 LXXVIII. When only a few days of a school term run into a new 
 year the school may be reported in the old year, but if a month or 
 more of the school runs into the new year, then it should all be 
 reported in that year. 
 
 LXXIX. The per cent, of attendance and absence should make 100 
 without the per cent, of non-membership. 
 
 LXXX. In making reports to the secretary, teachers should not 
 count children of the sub-district not enrolled in the school when 
 a child is once enrolled he should be accounted for during the whole 
 term, both before and after he is enrolled. 
 
 T..XXXI. It is the duty of the presidents and secretaries of the 
 boards of education to issue orders for money directed to be paid by 
 the board. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 45 
 
 LXXXII. The following excuses are deemed of sufficient importance 
 in all departments of life and may be regarded good for non-attend- 
 ance at the institute : Sickness, death of a near relative, and attend- 
 ance at court under summons. Frivolous and petty excuses should 
 not be accepted. 
 
 LXXXIII. The trustees, if they employ a teacher who has not 
 complied with the law requiring teachers to attend institutes, violate 
 their oath of office, and ought themselves to be removed if it is done 
 wilfully. A If red Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 LXXXIV. The holding of an examination or the issuing of a cer- 
 tificate in any year prior to the first day of July is prokibite'd by law. 
 The school year begins with that date, and all certificates should be 
 issued with reference to it. If a certificate good for one year, be 
 issued in the autumn or later, it terminates with the first day of the 
 ensuing July, and so a three or five years' certificate issued at the 
 same time would end with the first day of July three or five years 
 hence. 
 
 31. In contracts with teachers, it shall be understood Holidays, 
 that school is not to be kept in operation for ordinary 
 instruction on the first day of January, fourth day of 
 July, or the twenty-fifth day of December, nor any Na- 
 tional or State festival or Thanksgiving day; but the 
 month or time mentioned in such contract shall never- 
 theless be computed as if the said days were included. 
 
 32: All teachers, boards of education, and other 
 officers are hereby charged with the duty of providing 
 that moral training for the youth of this State which 
 will contribute to securing good behavior and manners, 
 and furnish the State with exemplary citizens. It shall B 
 also be the duty of every school trustee to see that the 
 school house is kept clean and in good order, and that 
 fires, when necessary, are made and kept therein, but no 
 expense shall be incurred therefor, to exceed fifty cents 
 per week, and the amount thus expended shall be cer- 
 tified by the trustees to the board of education, and shall, 
 if correct, be paid out of the building fund of the dis- 
 trict. 
 
 LXXXV. Persons building fires should have a definite contract 
 with the trustees. ******* 
 
 The Legislature intended by enacting s. 32 to compel the trustees 
 to have school houses kept clean, fires made and kept, &c., by expendi- 
 tures out of the building fund. ***** 
 The trustees have no right to alter the form of appointment prescribed 
 by the State Superintendent so as to make it a duty of the teacher to 
 do this work for the salary he is to get out of the 'teachers' fund.' 
 I fully concur with the opinion given by my predecessor 
 (General Watts) upon the section named. Alfred CaldwelL Attorney- 
 General. 
 
 33. The president of the board of education of every President of 
 district shall, at least once a year, examine the school boar 4 8ha " 
 houses and schoo] house sites in the district, and report SSSdr 
 the condition of the same to the board ; and such as are, house8 - 
 in their judgment, properly located and are sufficient, 
 or can with reasonable expense be rendered so, shall be 
 retained -for the use of public schools, and the remain- 
 der, with the consent of the county superintendent, 
 
46 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 sold. 
 
 u be d ~ sha11 
 
 sold at Public auction or otherwise, by the 
 boar of education, and on such terms of sale as the 
 board may order and the proceeds added to the build- 
 ing fund: Provided, That the grantor or his heirs of 
 any such school house site shall, if he or they so desire, 
 have the same reconveyed to him or them, without the 
 buildings thereon, (if any), upon paying to the board of 
 education the amount received by such grantor for such 
 site ; or in case no compensation was paid therefor, the 
 same shall be so reconveyed free of charge. In case of 
 such reconveyance, the building on such site (if any) 
 shall be sold, as hereinafter provided, with privilege to- 
 the purchasers to remove it from off such site in a 
 reasonable time. This proviso shall not be construed 
 to apply to any school house lot within any village, town 
 or city. 
 
 LXXXVI. I am of the opinion that the board has the right to 
 sell the old school nouse notwithstanding the fact that the legal title 
 had not been conveyed. This was an inadveftance that no one can 
 take the advantage of. The equitable title was in the board. I think 
 the board can sell 'the house as provided in section 33 of chapter 45- 
 of the Code. T. S. Riley, Attorney-General. 
 
 The board 
 
 . 34. The board of education of every district shall 
 provide by purchase, condemnation, leasing, building 
 grounds, &c. or otherwise, suitable school houses and grounds in 
 their districts, in such locations as will best accommo- 
 date the inhabitants thereof, and improve such grounds 
 and provide such furniture, fixtures and appliances for 
 the said school houses, as the comfort, health, cleanli- 
 ness and convenience of the scholars may require, and 
 keep such grounds, school houses, furniture, fixtures: 
 and appliances in good order and repair: Provided^ 
 That in case such boards of education shall be unable to 
 agree upon a proper location for a school house In any 
 sub-district, such location shall be decided by the county 
 superintendent. 
 
 Boards of education in adjoining districts or counties 
 
 . . , , . -, f. 
 
 may jointly provide for the erection of school houses 
 for the accommodation of adjoining portions of dis- 
 tricts or counties, for high schools, union schools or sub- 
 district schools, which from local causes, cannot be 
 conveniently attached to sub-districts in the districts or 
 in- lnt colin ties to which they belong. The title to such houses 
 vested in. shall be vested in the board of education having super- 
 vision of the sub-district containing the greatest number 
 of children, and terms indicating a trust for the purpose 
 aforesaid shall be introduced into an agreement made 
 between the boards of education interested. Such school 
 houses shall be provided with furniture, fixtures and 
 
 Districts may 
 
 join in erect- 
 
 ing> school 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST .VIRGINIA 47 
 
 such other appliances as are supplied to school houses 
 generally. An equitable amount sHall be assessed on 
 each district interested, by the respective boards of edu- 
 cation, for the purpose aforesaid. Boards of education 
 shall in every case require bond of all contractors, with 
 approved security, in double the amount of the contract 
 for building or repairing school houses. 
 
 No county superintendent, board of education, or any 
 member thereof, or trustee of any sub-district, shall, in 
 
 directly or indirectly, become personally interested in 
 any contract for building or 'repairing school houses in 
 his or their district; and any county superintendent, 
 member of such board, or any trustee, violating this sec- 
 tion shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and fined not less 
 than one hundred dollars. 
 
 LXXXVII. The length of a school term in union schools must be de- 
 termined by the term fixed by the district in which the school is lo- 
 cated, for its schools. The trustees of the sub-district would con- 
 trol the location of the school, &c. All the boards of education of 
 the district out of which the pupils are sent have to do, is to pay a 
 just part of the expense of the union school. Alfred Caldwell, At- 
 torney-Gent ml. 
 
 LXXXVIII. In case the land owner, on whose land a school house 
 is built by a board of education before a deed is delivered therefor, 
 refuses to make the deed, proceedings in a court of equity may be 
 instituted by the board to compel the specific performance of the con- 
 tract. 
 
 LXXXIX. Chapter 05. Acts 1879. makes it a misdemeanor for any 
 county or district school officer to become directly or indirectly 
 pecuniarily interested in contracts, lettings and furnishings in cases 
 where he has a voice or control. See Acts 1879, chapter 65. wherein 
 it is provided that : "It shall be unlawful for any member of a 
 county court, overseer of the poor, district school officer, or any mem- 
 ber of any other district board, or for any county or district officer 
 to be or become, directly or indirectly, pecuniarily Interested in fFie 
 proceeds of any contract or service, or in furnishing any supplies iu 
 the contract for, or the award or letting of which, as such member 
 or officer, he may have any voice or control." See also section 13 of 
 this chapter. 
 
 XC. When the board fail to agree upon the location of a school 
 house, and the county superintendent is called to decide the matter, 
 his decision is final and from it no appeal can be taken. 
 
 XCI. A county superintendent has no authority to select a site 
 for a school house. He can only act when the board of education fail 
 to agree as to a location. 
 
 35. No school house shall be erected unless the plan 
 thereof shall have been submitted to the county super- county 
 intendent, and approved by him, and it is hereby made p< 
 his duty to acquaint himself with the principles of school 
 house architecture, and, in all his plans for such struc- 
 tures, to have regard to economy, convenience, health 
 and durability of structure. 
 
 XCII. The approval of the plans of school houses is, perhaps, the 
 most important duty which the county superintendent has to per- 
 form. He is thus made the architect of school house construction in 
 his county, and if me same are illy constructed, poorly ventilated, 
 poorly lighted, and improperly heated, thus producing physical injury 
 to the pupils, he is morally responsible. 
 
48 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Land for 
 school site 
 mny be con- 
 demned. 
 
 School prop- 
 erty exempt. 
 
 36. When land has been designated by the board of 
 education of any District as a suitable location for a 
 school house and the necessary buildings, or for enlarg- 
 ing 1 a school house lot, if the owner or owners refuse to 
 sell the same, or demand a price therefor which is 
 deemed by the board unreasonable, or the owner is a 
 feme covert, a minor, non compos mentis, or non-resident, 
 aften ten days' notice, served upon such owner or own- 
 ers, or the owner or owners being non-residenfs thereof, 
 by publication for four weeks in some newspaper pub- 
 lished in the county, or if there be no newspaper pub- 
 lished in the county, by posting the same for four weeks 
 at the front door of the court house, and five other pub- 
 lic places in the county, at least two of which shall be 
 in the district and one in the sub-district in which such 
 property is located, the board may petition the circuit 
 court of such county, to have such lots of ground con- 
 demned for the use of public schools,. and such proceed- 
 ings shall thereupon be had in the name of such board 
 for the condemnation thereof, as provided for in chap- 
 ter forty-two of this Code : Provided, That the land .so 
 taken shall not exceed in quantity one acre. 
 
 XCIII. When condemnation proceedings become necessary the board 
 of education should consult and advise with the prosecuting attorney 
 who will instruct it how to proceed according to the provisions of 
 chapter XLII, of the Code of West Virginia. 
 
 37. All school houses, school house sites and other 
 property belonging to any board of education and used 
 for school purposes, shall be exempt from execution or 
 other process, and from lien on, or distress lor taxes or 
 county levies; but when any order of^the board, upon 
 the sheriff of the county, or Judgment or decree for a 
 sum of money against the said board has been presented 
 to such sheriff without obtaining payment, payment there- 
 of may be enforced by the circuit court by mandamus 
 or an order for specific levy on the property taxable in 
 the district. 
 
 37a. WHEREAS it is represented to the legislature that, 
 prior to the introduction of the present free school 
 system, many lots or small pieces of land were donated 
 or purchased, and the title thereof, legal or equitable, 
 vested in trustees with the view of erecting thereon 
 buildings designed exclusively for educational purposes, 
 and that they were used for such purposes many years 
 prior to the formation of the State, and are still used or 
 claimed by the boards of education in the various school 
 districts in many of the counties of the State, and that 
 said trustees in many cases have departed this life or 
 left the State, and otners since the introduction of the 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 49 
 
 free school system have declined to act or take any 
 interest in, or control over, such lands; therefore, 
 Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia : 
 
 1. That the title of all such lands be. and the same is 
 hereby vested in the board of education of the school 
 district in which such lands as have been in the actual 
 possession of the board of education for the last five 
 years, nud are still in such possession and not otherwise 
 claimed, may be, and their successors in office, to be 
 held and used for froe school purposes, and none other. 
 
 2. If from any cause the h,, ; rd of education of the ^tam iami 
 school district in which any such hind may lie, .shall lv 
 of opinion that the interest and convenience of the 
 schools of such district will be promoted by the sale of 
 any such lands, they may sell and convey the same, a ad 
 use the proceeds of such sales in the purchase of other 
 lands and the erection or repair of other buildings to be 
 used and held for free school purposes, as in other 
 
 
 
 38. To provide school houses and grounds, furniture, 
 fixtures and appliances, and keep the same in good or- 
 der and repair, to supply said schools with fuel and all 
 other things necessary for their comfort and convenience, 
 and to pay any existing indebtedness against the building 
 fund and all other expenses incurred in the district in 
 connection with the schools, not chargeable to the 
 ''teachers' fund," the board of education shall, annu- 
 ally, on the first Monday in July, or as soon as practi- 
 cable thereafter, levy a tax on the property taxable in 
 each district, not to exceed, in any one year, the rate 
 of forty cents on every hundred dollars valuation thereof, 
 according to the latest assessment on the same for State 
 and county taxation. 
 
 xriv. The levy for th> Kuilrting Fund LS limited to forty cents on 
 rlu- si on. except in the case of high schools organized under the 
 provisions of section 24 of this chapter wherein it is provided that 
 for the equipment and support of these high schools 30 cents addi- 
 tional mav !> l<>vjed, thus making the rates of levy 70 cents on tho 
 $100. 
 
 XTV. It i< tin' duty of boards of education to levy for a sufficient 
 amount for both teachers' and building fnnds, to do all that is neces- 
 sary to have all the schools in their respective districts taught five 
 months in the year unless such amount would require a levy of more 
 than tho maximum rale fixed by law. See section 40 and 'decisions 
 thereunder. 
 
 VI. Power of board to purchase. outline maps and dictionaries 
 Section 14 seems to imply that there may be apparatus and library 
 connected with the public school. Section 16 limits power of trustees 
 but not the board of education as to expenditures for certain articles. 
 T am inclined to a liberal construction of the law in respect to what 
 
 ;>roper expenditure of the building fund. I believe outline maps, 
 dictionaries for reference and any other necessary apparatus for the 
 instruction of the scholars in the branches to be taught in the school, 
 reasonable in amount, can be purchased out of the building fund at 
 the discretion of the board of education by virtue of the authority 
 conferred by the o4th section upon such board to provide such furni- 
 ture, fixtures and appliances for the school houses as the convenience 
 <>t' the scholars may require. Alfred t'uldn-cii. Attorney-General. 
 
50 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 BuildiBg 
 Fund. 
 
 Levy for 
 support of 
 schools. 
 
 Teachers' 
 fund. 
 
 Board may 
 be compelled 
 to levy. 
 
 Special levy. 
 
 39. The proceeds of taxes so levied, of school houses 
 and sites sold, of all donations, devises and bequests 
 applicable to any of the purposes mentioned in the pre- 
 ceding section, shall constitute a special fund to be called 
 the "building fund,'' to be appropriated exclusively to 
 the purposes named in the preceding section. 
 
 XCVII. A balance due the building fund- should not be taken by 
 the board to pay debts against the teachers' fund, nor should money 
 be taken from the teachers' fund to pay claims against the building 
 fund. 
 
 XCVIII. Insurance paid for the destruction of a school house by 
 fire is paid to the credit of the building fund of the board of educa- 
 tion generally, and may be used to erect another building in the same 
 or a different place, or for other purposes, as the board ciay direct. 
 
 XCXIX. To supersede or correct a school levy by the circuit 
 court. For process, see Acts of 1875, chapter 72, and Wells, ct al vs. 
 Board of Education, 20 W. Va. lb/. 
 
 40. For the support of the primary free, schools, of 
 their district, and in eadi independent school district, 
 and to pay any existing indebtedness against the teachers' 
 fund, the board of education thereof, shall annually on 
 the first Monday in July, or as scon thereafter as possi- 
 ble, levy by the authority of the people as prescribed in 
 section two of this chapter, such a tax on the property 
 taxable in the district, as will, with the money received 
 from the State for the support of free schools, be suffi- 
 cient to keep schools in operation at least five months in 
 the year, provided, the tax in any one year shall not ex- 
 ceed the rate of fifty cents on every one hundred dollars 
 valuation according to the latest available assessment 
 made for State and county taxation. The proceeds of 
 this levy, together with the money received from the 
 State as aforesaid, shall constitute a special fund, to be 
 called the teachers fund, and no part shall be used for 
 any other purpose than the payment of teachers ' salaries, 
 first for the current year, and any part of said fund not 
 so expended, shall be appropriated to the payment of 
 any existing indebtedness created for said purpose. 
 Upon the failure of any board of education to lay such 
 levy as hereby required, or any other levy provided for 
 in this chapter, they shall be compelled to do so by the 
 circuit court of the county by a writ of mandamus, unless 
 good cause be shown to the contrary. 
 
 But in case the levy provided for in this and the 38th 
 section of this chapter shall not be sufficient to pay any 
 existing indebtedness of the district in addition to the 
 other purposes for which it is levied, the board may in- 
 crease such levy to the amount actually necessary, or lay 
 a special levy for the purpose, but such increase or spe- 
 cial levy together with any other levy not provided for 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 51 
 
 in this and the 38th section of this chapter, shall not ex- 
 ceed in the aggregate, thirty cents on the one hundred 
 dollars valuation of said property, and in no case shall 
 the appropriation of any money to the payment of any 
 existing indebtedness, directly or indirectly, interfere 
 with the payment of the teachers' salaries for the term 
 of five months, for which the schools are required by law 
 to be kept open each year. 
 
 C. If a fifty-cent teachers' levy will not support the schools of a 
 district for five months, reasonably and economically conducted, to- 
 gether with the aid received from the State, the board of education is 
 not only authorized by the statute to exceed that limitation but it 
 is its duty under the law to do so. Romeo E. Freer, Attorney Gen- 
 eral. 
 
 CI. Under the provisions of this section, the free schools must be 
 kept in operation at least five months in the year, and as many more 
 as may be determined by the voters of the district. 
 
 CII. A board of education may be compelled by a writ of man- 
 damus to levy at a sufficient rate to run the schools of a district five 
 months, if the people have directed by vote that the levy be mad? 
 and the rate of levy does not exceed the limit prescribed by law which 
 may under the provisions of section 40, by special levy exceed 
 fifty cents on the $100. but must not exceed 80 cents on the $100. 
 
 CIII. A hoard of education violates a plain provision of the law 
 when it pays "existing indebtedness" out of the levy for the current 
 year and thereby shortens the term of the schools of the district 
 below five months. A sum necessary to run the schools five months 
 must be provided, and if anything is left it may be applied to exist- 
 ing indebtedness, 
 
 41. If the board of education of any district agree that 
 the school in their district should be continued more months, 
 than five months in the year, or if twenty or more voters 
 of the district ask it, in writing, they shall submit the 
 question to the voters thereof at the next general election, 
 which order shall state also the length of time for which 
 it is proposed to continue the schools. Ballots may be 
 used for voting on the question, on which may be writ- 
 ten or printed ' ' for months schools ' ' ; for those who 
 
 are in favor of more than five months school ; those who 
 oppose a longer term than five months may vote with a 
 ballot having written or printed on it, "against more 
 than five months school." And if the proposition for a 
 longer term than five months have a majority of all the 
 votes cast for and against, -then the board shall order the 
 levy accordingly. Provided, That in any district where 
 a poll is held for a purpose herein specified, notices of 
 such election shall be posted by the secretary of the 
 board of education in at least three public places in the 
 district, at least three weeks before the day of voting; 
 and the notice shall explicitly state the term of time for 
 the school, which is to be voted for, and only two terms 
 of time shall be voted for at any one election. And the 
 time of the term voted for at such election shall con- 
 
52 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 TO get share 
 
 necessary. 
 
 tinue for two years. The poll shall be held and the 
 election conducted, and the official records returned as 
 prescribed in the second section of this chapter. 
 
 The trustees in each sub-district may, in their discre- 
 tion, order all the schools under their jurisdiction to 
 begin in any month in the school year. 
 
 42. No district or independent school district shall 
 hereafter receive -any share of the distributable State 
 fund for free schools, in any year in which the levy 
 required by the fortieth section has not been made in 
 such district or independent school district; and any 
 money heretofore or hereafter distributed, and undrawn 
 and remaining credited on the books of the Auditor to 
 any such district or independent school district on the 
 thirtieth day of June in each year, shall, on that day, 
 be transferred on the books of the Auditor to. and form 
 a part of, the 'general school fund to be distributed. 
 
 CIV. It is the duty of the countv superintendent of any county In 
 which a district or districts have voted down the levy, to inform the 
 Auditor of the same, giving name or names of said district or dis- 
 tricts that he may properly transfer that part of the State fund due 
 such district or districts for that year to the general school fund. See 
 section 61, last clause. 
 
 43. The assessor of every assessment district shall 
 make out and deliver to the secretary of the board of 
 education of each district in his district, on or before 
 the first day of July in each year, a certificate showing 
 tne aggregate value of all personal property; and the 
 clerk of the county court shall certify to the said secre- 
 tary the aggregate value of all real estate in such dis- 
 trict or independent school district, which certificates 
 shall serve as a basis for any levy that may be made for 
 school purposes for that year. 
 
 44. Immediately upon the receipts of the certificates 
 mentioned in the preceding section, and of the notice 
 from the county superintendent, as hereinafter provided, 
 showing the amount of the general school fund to which 
 such district, or independent school district, is entitled, 
 it shall be the duty of the board of education of such 
 
 Board must district, to determine the rates- ef taxation necessary, for 
 
 determine the pay of teachers and for the building fund in their 
 
 tion. "district for the school year, and for the payment of any 
 
 such existing indebtedness, as aforesaid, and report the 
 
 same, by their secretary, to the clerk of the county 
 
 court, to the county superintendent, and also to the 
 
 assessor; and thereupon, it shall be the duty of the said 
 
 assessor to extend on his books of assessment for State 
 
 and county purposes, the amount of taxes levied as 
 
 aforesaid, in two separate columns, the one headed 
 
 Assessor's 
 certificate 
 basis for 
 
SCHOOL LAW <>F \YKST VIRGINIA 53 
 
 "teachers' fund," and: the other "building fund,'' from 
 which extension the sheriff shall proceed to collect the 
 same, and shall account therefor as required by law. 
 
 Any assessor who shall fail to make out and deliver Fme ^cer- 
 the certificate mentioned in the forty-third section, and 
 any .secretary of a board of education who shall fail to 
 make out and deliver the certificate named in this sec- 
 tion, shall be fined twenty dollars for the benefit of the 
 building fund of the district. And any assessor who 
 shall charge on the assessor's books, as provided in the 
 preceding section, a greater amount of taxes than is due 
 from the person charged therewith shall, in such case, if 
 the overcharge be inadvertently made, be fined double 
 the amount, and if wilfully made, ten times the amount 
 of the overcharge, one-half thereof to be applied to the 
 benefit of the building fund, and the residue to the in- 
 former. 
 
 The fines provided for in this section may be recov- HOW fine 
 ered, on motion of any citizen of the district, or sub- ^covered. 
 district, in which such overcharge or delinquency of the 
 assessor or secretary shall occur or in which the prop- 
 erty overcharged may be. m\ ten days' notice before 
 any justice of such district, or by indictment in the cir- 
 cuit court. 
 
 CV. The rate of taxation and levy cannot be dotermiued nnd laid 
 before the first Monday in July of each year. See form of proceed- 
 ings at this meeting, in Appendix. 
 
 45. It shall not be lawful for the board of education Board must 
 of any district, or independent school district, to con- 
 tract for, or expend in any year, more than the aggre- 
 gate amount of its quota of the general school fund, and 
 the amount collected from the district or independent 
 school district levies for that year, together with any 
 balance remaining in the hands of the sheriff, or collec- 
 tor, at the end of the preceding year, and such arrear- 
 ages of taxes as may be due such district or independ- 
 ent school district. 
 
 But in districts wherein there is a town or city with Debt ma be 
 an enumeraton of youth of school age of three hun- created in 
 dred or over, the board of education of such district ce 
 may borrow money and issue bonds therefor for the 
 purpose of building, completing, enlarging, re'pairing 
 or furnishing school houses, in such town or city. Said 
 bonds shall be payable not exceeding ten years from 
 their date, and the rate -of interest thereon shall not 
 exceed six per centum per annum, but in no other case 
 shall any debt be incurred by such board to be paid out 
 of school money for any subsequent year: Provided, 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 the people. 
 
 That no debt shall be contracted under this section 
 which shall, including existing indebtedness, in the 
 aggregate, exceed five per centum on the value of the 
 taxable property in said district, to be ascertained by 
 the last assessment for State and county taxes previous 
 to the incurring of such indebtedness, nor without at 
 the same time providing for the collection of a direct 
 annual tax sufficient to pay annually the interest on said 
 debt, and the principal thereof, within and not exceed- 
 ing thirty- four years; and, provided, further, that no 
 debt shall be contracted under this section unless 
 all questions connected with the same shall have been 
 must n be b nds ^ rs ^ SUDm itted to a vote of the people of said district, 
 voted on by and have received three-fifths of all the votes cast for 
 and against the same. Such election shall be held and 
 conducted in the same manner as the general school 
 election provided for in this chapter. 
 
 If the trustees of any district, or any board of educa- 
 tion shall make any agreement for the employment of a 
 teacher in violation of this section, or for any other 
 object concerning free schools under their charge, so as 
 to occasion thereby the aggregate of the just claims 
 against the board of education of the district, or inde- 
 pendent school district, in any year, to exceed its aggre- 
 gate receipts, as aforesaid, for such year, such board of 
 education, or trustees, shall be individually responsible 
 to the teacher, or other person with whom such agree- 
 ment is made. 
 
 The board of education of each district, and indepen- 
 dent school district, in each county, shall require its 
 secretary, ten days prior to the first day of July, in each 
 year, to prepare and post at three places of election 
 within said district, or independent school district, and 
 in each school district or independent school district 
 where the expenditures for all school purposes in any 
 one school year in said district shall equal or exceed the 
 slim of three thousand dollars, said board of education 
 shall also publish in some newspaper of the county 
 having a general circulation in the district, an itemized 
 statement, duly sworn to by the president and secretary 
 of said board, showing all moneys disbursed by said pres- 
 ident and secretary by orders on the sheriff, or other- 
 wise, within the school year, last preceding, distinguish- 
 ing between the teachers' fund and building fund. The 
 statement shall give the name of each person to whom 
 an order shall have been issued, and shall state the ob- 
 ject for which it was given. 
 
 Trustees or 
 board indi- 
 vidually 
 responsible. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 55 
 
 CVI. The law makes no provision for additional compensation for 
 the secretary in consideration of making up the statements to be pub- 
 lished by boards in all districts having an annual expenditure of 
 $3,000 or more. 
 
 CVII. An important case arising upder the provisions of Section 
 45, was decided by the Supreme Court of Appeals, December 6, 1893. 
 and is reported in 38 W. Va., p. 382. The syllabus reads as follows : 
 
 1. Schools and Schoolhouses Boards of Education Contracts 
 Construction of statutes. 
 
 Under section 45, c. 45, of the Code, the value of a school house 
 and its site yet unsold, though the board of education intends to sell 
 it, can not be taken into consideration in estimating the amount of 
 money available in the fiscal year for contracts and expenditures. 
 
 2. ScJiools and Schoolhouses Boards of Education Contracts 
 Construction of Statutes. 
 
 Where a contract between a board of education and contractors for 
 building a schoolhouse fixes a sum as the contract price, which may 
 exceed the amount of money available under section 45, c. 45 of the 
 Code for a fiscal school year, but contains a provision that no liability 
 shall be imposed by such contract on the board for anything beyond 
 the sum lawfully available under that section, so as to prevent the 
 contractors from recovering of the board anything beyond such sum, 
 the contract is not unlawful under said section, so as to prevent the 
 board from paying upon it such money as is applicable under said 
 section. 
 
 46. The sheriff or collector of the county shall receive, Duties of 
 collect and disburse all school moneys for the several 8heriff - 
 districts and independent districts therein, both that 
 levied by said district and that distributed thereto by 
 the State. He shall be required by the county court to 
 give in addition to his bond as collector of the State and 
 county taxes a special bond in approved security in a 
 penalty equal to double the amount of school money 
 which will probably come into his hands for school pur- 
 poses during any one year of his term of office, which 
 shall be made payable to the State of West Virginia, 
 with one or more sureties deemed sufficient by such 
 court, and proved or acknowledged before such court 
 and an order stating such proof or acknowledgment shall 
 be entered of record by such court. 
 
 He shall keep his accounts with the several boards of 
 education of each district and independent school dis- 
 trict: one of money belonging to the teachers' fund and 
 the other of money belonging to the building fund, and 
 shall credit every receipt and ~ charge every disburse- 
 ment to the fund to which it belongs. He shall pay out 
 no money standing to the credit of the board of educa- 
 tion, except upon an order signed by the secretary and 
 president thereof, specifying the sum to be paid and the 
 fund to which it is to be charged; or upon a certified 
 copy of a judgment, or a decree of a court of justice 
 against the said board, for a sum of money therein 
 specified; or upon an order of the county superintend- 
 ent, as provided in section eight of this chapter. 
 
 He shall, on. or immediately before, the first day of 
 July in each year, settle with the board of education of S't 
 each district and independent school district, in which boards 
 
56 SCHOOL LAW OF WES.T VIRGINIA 
 
 settlement he shall be charged with the amount of taxes 
 levied by the board of education upon the property of 
 the district or independent school district, for the teach- 
 ers' fund and building fund, and to pay any indebted- 
 ness of the district, and with the amount distributed 
 thereto from the general State fund, and for any other 
 moneys received by him during the current year on 
 account of the free schools of such district or independ- 
 ent school district; and he shall be credited with the 
 amount of delinquent school taxes of such district or 
 independent school district that has been duly returned 
 by him and certified by the clerk of the county court to 
 such board of education. 
 
 He shall also be credited in such settlement with all 
 vouchers produced by him, if found to be correct by the 
 district board of education, and he shall receive no other 
 credits except his commission as hereinafter provided ; 
 an account of this settlement shall be made out by each 
 board of education, naming the district for which it :s 
 made, with the proper debits and credits which were the 
 subjects of this settlement. They shall also number all 
 vouchers with which the sheriff has been credited by 
 them, and endorse on the back of each the words,- "Set- 
 tled by B. E." Under this endorsement the secretary of 
 the board shall sign his name and date of settlement, 
 sheriff's set- All such accounts and vouchers so endorsed shall then 
 ^e delivered to the sheriff or collector whose duty H 
 shall be to deliver them to the clerk of the county court, 
 which accounts and vouchers shall serve as a basis of 
 the settlement to be made by the sheriff or collector, 
 with the county court, according to Article XII, and 
 section 7 of the Constitution, and section fifty-two of 
 this chapter. If any sheriff or collector shall pay out 
 in any one year, more money on account of the teach- 
 ers' fund or building fund than shall have been levied 
 and could have been collected by him during said year, 
 together with the amount remaining in his hands from 
 any preceding year, he shall in such settlement, receive 
 no credit for such excess. 
 
 Sheriff's com- He shall receive no pay for receiving and disbursing 
 railroad the State school fund, and not more than two per cent, 
 for receiving and disbursing railroad taxes, and ne pay 
 for the disbursement of any school money, arising from 
 the sale of school property or received from any other 
 source than levies. If he fail to account for and pay 
 over, as required by law, any money which may come 
 to his hands, or for which he is liable, judgment may be 
 recovered therefor against him and his 'securities, with 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 57 
 
 interest and ten per cent, damages ; and upon the failure 
 
 of such sheriff to pav anv proper draft which may be sheriff to en- 
 
 ,1 T fi j & j j." i XT dorse drafts. 
 
 drawn by the said board of education upon him, the 
 person entitled to receive the sum of money specified m 
 such draft may require the sheriff to endorse thereon, 
 or write across the face thereof the words "presented 
 for payment," with the proper date, and sign the same, 
 and judgment upon motion therefor may be obtained 
 against the sheriff before any justice of his county, or 
 before the circuit court thereof, with interest from the 
 time said draft was presented and ten per cent, damages, 
 he having had at least ten days' notice of the motion: 
 Provided, That no sheriff shall be required to endorse 
 any school order, nor shall suit be brought on any such 
 school order prior to the first day of November of the 
 current school year. 
 
 CVIII. Where error is discovered after a settlement has been made 
 it may be corrected by proper legal proceedings. 
 
 CIX. See Code, chapter 41. section 50. as ro penalty for sheriff, 
 who shall fail or refuse to pay any draft or order lawfully drawn upon 
 him, under certain circumstances. 
 
 CX. Neither the hoard of education as a corporation, nor the 
 members thereof individually, are liable to a sheriff who has naid out 
 more in any year, on account of the teachers' fund, than has been 
 levied and could have been collected by him during such year, together 
 with the amount remaining in his hands from any previous year. 
 Alfred Caldwell, Attorney-General. 
 
 CXI. School orders shall be received at par value in payment of 
 taxes, county and district levies, militia fines and officers' fees, etc. 
 See section 16, chapter 41, Code. 
 
 CXII. There, is no law providing for the payment, by boards of 
 education, of fees to county clerks for preparing abstracts of sheriffs' 
 settlements as required by section .">L'~t or certifying delinquent lists to 
 boards of education, as required of him by this section, or for certi- 
 fying the value of real estate to said boards as he is required to do 
 by section 43. This work is a part of his duty as a county officer, 
 for which he is paid a salary out of the county treasury by the county 
 court. 
 
 47. The delinquent lists for district levies shall be re- 
 turned and real estate sold therefor, as hereinafter pro- 
 vided. 
 
 Such lists of delinquent lands shall be in form, or in 
 substance, as follows: 
 
 "List of real estate in the district of , in the coun- 
 ty of , delinquent for the non-payment of school 
 taxes tl]civon for the rear :" 
 
58 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF "WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 
 
 
 .& 
 
 fcc 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 c s 
 
 
 
 
 0. 
 
 Name of Person 
 
 Estate held. 
 
 'O 
 
 "o 
 
 
 
 '-3 
 
 I 
 
 Description and 1 
 tion of land. 
 
 Distance and bea 
 from courthoui 
 
 Teachers' fund. 
 
 Building fund. 
 
 Special levy. 
 
 Why returned d 
 quent. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The delinquent lists of personal property shall be in 
 form or in substance as follows : 
 
 "List of personal property in the district of - , in 
 the county of - , delinquent for non-payment of school 
 taxes thereon for the year : ' ' 
 
 ! li 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ! If? 
 
 
 
 
 T3 
 
 
 
 
 ' .S 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 rQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Name of Person 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 gj 
 
 G 
 
 
 
 
 
 gg. 
 
 I! 
 
 X 
 
 3 
 
 J3 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 6* 
 fl 
 
 is 
 
 "3 
 
 i 
 
 ^1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 s* 
 
 8 
 
 EH 
 
 3 
 
 PQ 
 
 o, 
 
 cs 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 And the sheriff or collector returning such lists shall, 
 at the foot thereof, subscribe the following oath: "I, 
 
 A - B , sheriff," (deputy sheriff or collector), of 
 
 the county of - , do swear that the foregoing list is, 
 I verily believe, correct and just; and that I have re- 
 ceived 110 part of the taxes for which the real estate (or 
 personal property, as the case may be), therein mentioned 
 is returned delinquent, and that I have used due dili- 
 gence to find property within my county liable to dis- 
 tress for said taxes, but have found none. ' ' 
 
 Property lists; 48. The said lists shall be returned to the county court, 
 
 )f ' before the first day of July in every .year, and a list of 
 
 real estate shall be examined, corrected and allowed by 
 
 said court, and a copy thereof certified to the Auditor, 
 
 and another copy to .the assessor for future use in mak- 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 59 
 
 ing out the next land book. The list of personal prop- 
 erty shall also be examined, corrected and allowed by 
 the court, and the amount thereof so allowed, together 
 with the amount allowed of the list of real estate, shall 
 be certified by the clerk of said court, to the secretary 
 of the board of eduqation of the proper district. The 
 original list shall be preserved by the clerk of said court 
 in his office. 
 
 CXIII. Secretaries should see to it that clerks of the county courts 
 furnish them witn these lists before the first Monday in July, as 
 required by law. 
 
 49. The auditor shall include the school taxes on real Delinquent 
 estate so returned delinquent, in his list to be furnished lands, 
 the sheriff for sale for delinquent taxes. 
 
 50. There shall be a lien on all real estate for the dis- Lien on real 
 trict levies assessed thereon, from the day fixed by law estate for 
 for the commencement of the assessment of taxes therein 
 
 for each year, and interest upon such levies at the rate 
 of six per cent, per annum, from the twentieth day of 
 January in the year following that in which the assess- 
 ment is made, until payment. 
 
 51. A copy of the list of personal property, returned List of per- 
 delinquent for the non-payment of district levies, shall, ty*retu?ned er " 
 be placed by the clerk of the Bounty court in the hands delinquent, 
 of the sheriff or collector for collection, to be collected 
 
 and accounted for by him, in the same manner as for 
 levies originally placed in his hands for collection; and 
 he may collect such levies by distress or otherwise, at 
 any time within two years after they are so placed in his 
 hands. 
 
 52. Every sheriff or collector shall be allowed five ^enff^om- 
 per centum commissions on the collection of all district district taxes, 
 levies for free school purposes. In addition to the settle- 
 ments required to be made with each board of a district, 
 
 every sheriff or collector of school moneys shall also 
 make annual settlements, by districts, with the county 
 court of his county, at its next term after the first day 
 of July of each year, showing the amount of all moneys 
 received ;uid disbursed by him for the preceding year 
 for school and building purposes from State and from 
 the district and independent school district funds, and 
 the amount due to each district; which settlement shall 
 be made a matter of record by the clerk of said court, 
 in a book to be kept for that purpose. All accounts 
 and vouchers required to be returned to the clerk of the 
 county court by section forty-six .of this chapter, shall 
 be filed by said clerk in his office, and the file of each 
 district shall be kept separate. 
 
60 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 ments 8ettle ~ 
 
 Prosecuting 
 Attorney 
 shall take 
 action. 
 
 Members pf 
 board fined 
 
 If an y sheriff or collector of school moneys shall fail 
 ^ ma ^ e ^ e settlement required by this section at the 
 time required, without reasonable cause therefor, he 
 shall forfeit fifty dollars to the general school fund, ami 
 a like penalty shall be incurred by him for each subse- 
 quent term of the court that shall pass without such 
 settlement. And the sheriff or collector shall moreover, 
 be charged with twelve per cent, interest on all school 
 monej^s in his hands for the time he is in default in mak- 
 ing the settlement required in this section, which inter- 
 est shall be charged up against him when the settlement 
 shall be made. 
 
 When the sheriff or collector shall fail to make this 
 settlement at the time required herein, it shall be the 
 duty of the prosecuting attorney to proceed by action 
 against him and his securities in the circuit court, to 
 recover the fine imposed upon him by this section. 
 Every sheriff or collector shall, moreover, be liable to 
 any person injured in consequence of his failure to make 
 the settlement herein required. This settlement shall 
 extend back to the commencement of the term of office 
 of such sheriff or collector. 
 
 If any board of education fail to make the settlements 
 required by section forty-six of this chapter, with the 
 sheriff, when requested by him to do so, each member 
 of such board so failing or refusing shall be fined twenty 
 dollars, for the benefit of the school fund. 
 
 The clerk of the county court shall transmit an 
 abstract of the settlement to the State Superintendent of 
 Free Schools within ten days after the same has been 
 made. 
 
 And the retiring sheriff shall within sixty days after 
 he shall .have made his final settlement in the manner 
 herein provided, pay and turn over to his successors in 
 office such balances as may be shown due from him by 
 said settlements upon such order as is prescribed by sec- 
 tion forty-six of this chapter, and if he fail to do so, he 
 shall be liable to the forfeit and penalty herein pre- 
 scribed. 
 
 county super- 53. The county superintendent of schools shall be a 
 
 qualification person of good moral character, of temperate habits, lit- 
 
 and salary of. erai y acquirements and skill and experience in the art of 
 
 teaching, and he shall not teach in any school, public or 
 
 private, during his term of office. He shall receive for 
 
 his services an annual compensation, as follows : In 
 
 counties having not more than fifty schools, three hun- 
 
 dred dollars; in counties having more than fifty and not 
 
 more than seventy-five schools, three hundred and fifty 
 
. LAW OK \\"KST VJKCJIXIA 61 
 
 ;irs; in counties having more than seventy-five and 
 not more than one hundred schools, four hundred and 
 twenty-five dollars, and in counties having' more than oiu- 
 hundred schools, five hundred dollars, which salary shall 
 be paid ratably for any shorter term of service than one Forfeit for 
 year. Provided, however, that the county superintendent failure to 
 shall report on oath to the State Superintendent the num- ' 
 ber of schools he has visited during the year/ in compli- 
 ance with section fifty-four, chapter forty-five of the 
 Code of West Virginia,. and the State Superintendent of 
 Free Schools in paying the said county superintendent 
 as required by this section shall deduct three dollars from 
 the salary of the said county superintendent for each and 
 every school within his county that the county superin- 
 tendent did not visit. 
 
 Such compensation shall be paid quarterly upon orders 
 drawn by the county superintendent on the State Super- 
 intendent of Free Schools, who shall upon receiving the 
 same, draw his warrant upon the Auditor therefor, pay- 
 able to the said county superintendent, or to such person 
 as he may direct. But the payment of the fourth quar- 
 ter shall not be made until the county .superintendent has 
 made the reports to the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools required by section 22, of this chapter and for F f jt f 
 e\vry day after the first day of September before the re- delay in 01 
 ceipt of these reports the State Superintendent shall de- rcport8 - 
 duct three dollars from the salary of the county superin- 
 tendent, unless said reports are delayed by sheriffs' set- 
 tlements or reports from secretaries of boards of educa- 
 tion. The salary of the county superintendent shall be 
 paid out of the general school fund, but the amount 
 thereof shall be deducted by the Auditor from the amount 
 next to be distributed to each county. 
 
 As a further means of improvement among teachers. {^.' 
 tin* county superintendent shall arrange for and conduct 
 district institutes, or teachers' round tables, one or more 
 to be held in each district of his county within the school 
 year, and at such time and place as is most convenient 
 for the teachers. Boards of education shall allow the 
 teachers of their respective districts at least one day 's p a >- for one 
 pay in each school year for their actual attendance upon 
 said district institute, such day to be counted as if spent 
 in teaching, and as a part of the school term. The 
 county superintendent shall certify to the secretary jf 
 each board of education the attendance of teachers at the 
 different district institutes, and credit shall be allowed 
 for the one day's attendance herein provided for, in the 
 school month in which said institute is held. Provided. 
 
 day's attend- 
 ance. 
 
62 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Bond of 
 LTXr"'* 6 duties 
 
 Vacancies: 
 how filled. 
 
 County su- 
 perintendent 
 to visit 
 schools. 
 
 That no teacher shall be allowed such pay unless he has 
 been regularly employed by the trustees or board of edu- 
 cation. 
 
 The county superintendent shall, before entering upon 
 his office, execute a bond, conditioned ac- 
 cording to law, before the county court of his county, 
 or the clerk thereof in vacation, in the sum of one thou- 
 sand dollars, with approved security upon which bond 
 he shall be liable in any court having jurisdiction, to any 
 person or persons, or to any board of education for losses 
 sustained by reason of his neglect, or non-performance 
 of duties imposed by this chapter. Said bond shall be 
 filed in the office of the clerk of the county court, who 
 shall within five days, certify to the State Superintend- 
 ent of Free Schools the name of said county superin- 
 tendent and his postoffice address : Provided, That the 
 county superintendents heretofore elected shall continue 
 in office until their successors shall have been elected and 
 qualified under this chapter. 
 
 A vacancy in the office of county superintendent shall 
 be filled for the unexpired term by presidents of the 
 boards of education in the county, at a meeting to be 
 called for that purpose by the clerk of the county court 
 at the court house of the county, within thirty days after 
 the vacancy occurs. A majority of said presidents shall 
 be necessary to constitute a quorum at such meeting. 
 
 CXIV. County superintendents must make their reports to the State 
 Superintendent full and complete before making requisition for last 
 quarter's salary: and the State Superintpndpnt must seo *-o it that 
 said report is full and accurate before issuing his requisition upon 
 the Auditor for said last quarter's salary of county superintendent. 
 
 CXV. The offices of county superintendent and of notary public are 
 not incompatible. 
 
 CXVI. The county superintendent should not pay the secretaries 
 until he has examined their books and found them correct. If he does 
 this he violates the plain provision of law as set forth in section 8 
 of this chapter. 
 
 CXVI I. The salary of the county superintendent depends on or is 
 regulated by the number of schools, and I have no doubt that if the 
 number of schools increase so as to increase his salary durins; his term 
 of office he is entitled u> such increased salary. T. S. Riley, At- 
 torney-General. 
 
 CXVIII. Teachers cannot claim pay for attendance at district in- 
 stitutes held on Saturday for that is not a legal school day. It would 
 also increase their salaries without warrant of law. Romeo H. 
 Freer, Attorney-General. 
 
 54. The county superintendent shall visit each school 
 within his county, at least once in each school year, at 
 such time as he may deem necessary and proper, and 
 note the course and method of instruction and the 
 branches taught and give such directions in the art of 
 teaching, and the method thereof in each school, as to 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 63 
 
 him shall seem necessary or expedient, so that the uni- 
 formity in the course of studies and methods of instruc- 
 tion employed shall be secured., as far as practicable, in 
 the schools of the several grades, respectively. 
 
 He shall acquaint himself, as far as practicable,, with 
 the character and condition of each school, noting any 
 deficiencies that may exist, either in thej^overnment of 
 the school, the classification of its scholars, or the 
 method of instruction employed in the several branches, 
 and shall make such suggestions in private to the teach- 
 er, orally or by writing, as to him shall appear to be 
 necessary to the good order of the schools and the pro- 
 gress of the scholars. He shall note the character and 
 condition of the school houses, the sufficiency or insuf- 
 ficiency of their furniture and fixtures, and shall make 
 such suggestions to the several boards of education and 
 trustees as in his opinion shall seem conducive to the 
 comfort and progress of the scholars in the several 
 schools. 
 
 55. It shall be the duty of the county superintendent {^^ntt!' 3 
 to aid the teachers in all proper efforts to improve them- tutee. 
 selves in their profession. For this purpose, he shall 
 encourage the formation of county institutes for mutual 
 improvement; shall attend the meetings of said institutes 
 whenever practicable, and give such advice and instruc- 
 tion, in regard to their conduct and management, as in 
 
 his judgment will contribute to their great efficiency. 
 In connection with superintendents of the adjoining 
 counties, each county superintendent shall encourage the 
 formation of union institutes; shall attend and partici- 
 pate in the exercise of the same, as far as practicable; 
 and shall use all proper means to improve the efficiency 
 of the teachers and to elevate their profession. 
 
 He shall at all times conform to the instructions of 
 the State Superintendent of Free Schools, as to the mat- 
 ters within the jurisdiction of the said Superintendent, 
 and shall serve as the organ of communication between 
 him and the several district boards of education. He 
 shall distribute from his office all blanks, circulars, copies 
 of school laws and other communications from the State 
 Superintendent to the several boards and persons en- 
 titled to receive the same. 
 
 56. In addition to the reports mentioned in the twenty- county 
 second section, it shall be the duty of the county super- 
 intendent to make out and transmit to the State Super- port, 
 intendent of Free Schools a detailed report of the condi- 
 tion and character of the schools within his county, not- 
 ing all deficiencies and suggesting their remedies, with 
 
64: SCHOOL LA'W OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 such remarks upon the operations of the school laws as 
 his experience and observation may suggest, pointing- 
 out wherein he considers them deficient. He shall also 
 report such districts as have failed to make returns of 
 the enumeration of youth as required in the nineteenth 
 section of this chapter ; and also those districts that have 
 failed to make the levy required in section forty. It 
 shall be the duty of the county superintendent to make 
 in a well bound book to be kept for the purpose, a record 
 of all his proceedings; of all certificates ussued by the 
 board of examiners, and of all reports made by him, 
 which book shall be the property of the office; and all 
 outgoing county superintendents shall make the report 
 required for each year of their service. 
 
 CXIX. The law as laid down in section 56, is explicit in requiring 
 a written report of the condition of the schools and school work over 
 which they have supervision. Blank pages are found in the county 
 superintendent's 'annual report" and the same should be properly 
 filled. 
 
 School officers 57. No school officer, or teacher of any free school, shall 
 not tolSfas act as agent for any author, publisher, bookseller, or other 
 agents. person, to introduce or recommend the use of any book, 
 apparatus, furniture, or other article whatever, in the 
 
 free schools of this State, or any one or more of them, 
 or directly or indirectly contract for or receive any gift 
 or reward for so introducing or recommending the same ; 
 nor shall such person be otherwise interested in the sale, 
 proceeds or profits of any book or other thing used, or 
 to be used in said schools : Provided. That nothing 
 herein shall be construed to apply to any book written, 
 or thing invented by such person, or to merchants who, 
 in connection with their business, may desire to sell 
 school books or other things used in schools. Provided, 
 further. That the same are embraced in the prescribed 
 series. 
 
 CXX. It is not a violation of law for the teacher to order for 
 the pupils of his school, they furnishing the money, the lawful con- 
 tract school books they need, at the contract price, either by mail or 
 express. The teacher would violate the law, however, if he took any 
 profit, or in any sense became an agent or dealer in school books. 
 
 board 1 1>o k ^ r -h ere ^ hereby established in every county of this 
 State a school book board, to be composed of the county 
 superintendent of the county, who shall be a member 
 and the secretary of the board and eight other reputable 
 citizens and taxpayers of the county. At least four of 
 the eight shall be freeholders and not school teachers, 
 and at least three shall be persons actively engaged as 
 teachers in the schools of the county, and shall hold a 
 teacher's number one certificate or its equivalent. Not 
 more than five of said eight shall belong to the same 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 65 
 
 political party. The said eight persons shall be ap- 
 pointed by the county court. The term of office of each 
 of said members shall be four years and until their sue- term of office, 
 lessors are appointed, beginning on the first day of July 
 next after their appointment. Said appointment shall 
 be made on or before the fifteenth day of June, one when 
 thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, and in every ai 
 fourth year thereafter on or Before the fifteenth day of 
 July, and the term of office of those appointed after the 
 first appointment (except appointments to fill vacancies) 
 shall begin on the first day of August next after their ap- 
 pointment, and continue four years and until their suc- 
 cessors are appointed. They shall receive as compensa- Compensa- 
 tion for their services the sum of two dollars per day for 
 each day they shall be in session as a board, and shall not 
 receive pay for more than two days in any one year, which 
 compensation shall be paid out of the county treasury. 
 Vacancies in said board shall be filled for the unexpired vacancies, 
 term in the same manner as the original appointment 
 was made. Five members shall constitute a quorum, Quorum 
 but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day 
 until a quorum appears. Every person so appointed 
 shall, before entering upon his duties, take an oath that 
 he will support the Constitution of the United States and 
 the Constitution of West Virginia, and that he will 
 faithfully discharge the duties o his office. A certifi- 
 cate of every such oath shall be filed with and preserved 
 by the clerk of the county court. 
 
 II. The secretary shall keep a record, in a book pro- secretary, 
 vided for the purpose, of the transactions of every meet- 
 ing of the board, and shall record the names of the mem- 
 bers voting for and against every proposition to adopt 
 
 any text-book; which record shall be open to the inspec- 
 tion of any citizen of the county. 
 
 III. Immediately after the appointment of said board, 
 in the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, 
 it shall be the duty of the county superintendent to com- 
 municate with the publishers of text books, inviting the 
 submission by such publishers of samples and prices of 
 their books. When such samples and prices have been 
 obtained, it shall be the duty of said board to meet at 
 
 the county seat on or before the first Monday of August, Fir8t meeting. 
 
 one thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, on the 
 
 call of the county superintendent, and organize by 
 
 choosing one of their number president. Said board 
 
 shall then proceed to select and adopt one text book, or 
 
 a series of text-books, on each subject required to be 
 
 taught in the free schools of the State, and not provided 
 
66 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Retail price, 
 &c. 
 
 Secretary to 
 report. 
 
 Meeting be- 
 fore expira- 
 tion of 
 contract. 
 
 County Su- 
 perintendent 
 to call 
 
 meeting. 
 
 for by contract under chapter thirty-seven of the Acts 
 of one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, for a 
 term of five years, due reference being had to the char- 
 acter of the books and the terms offered. It shall 
 require the affirmative votes of five members of the 
 board to adopt such book, or series of books, at said 
 first meeting. 
 
 IV. In making selection of text-books, at any time, it 
 shall be the duty of said board to procure the "best possi- 
 ble terms for exchange and introduction and for the 
 regular supply of. the books for a term of five years, and 
 they are hereby empowered to fix the retail price at 
 which such adopted books shall be sold after the exchange 
 and introduction have been effected, but such permanent 
 retail price shall not exceed twenty-five per cent, advance 
 on the net contract price. 
 
 V. Said board shall, upon making an adoption of any 
 text-books, decide upon the date when such adoption 
 shall go into effect. The secretary shall send to the 
 State Superintendent of Free Schools, and to all the 
 boards of education in the county, notice of the names 
 of the books adopted, the prices fixed therefor, and the 
 date fixed for their introduction and use in the schools 
 of the county. 
 
 VI. At least six months before the expiration of the 
 contract made under provisions of chapter thirty-seven 
 of the Acts of one thousand eight hundred and ninety- 
 five, it shall be the duty of the State Superintendent to 
 notify the county superintendent of .every county of the 
 date of the expiration of such contracts and the name 
 of the text-books thereby affected; and it shall be the 
 duty of said board to meet upon the call of the county 
 superintendent, at least three months before the expira- 
 tion of any such contract, and adopt one text-book, or 
 a series of text-books, on each subject contracted for 
 under said chapter thirty-seven of the Acts of one 
 thousand eight hundred and ninety-five, for a term of 
 five years. On the call of the county superintendent, 
 the board shall meet in regular session at least three 
 months before the expiration of any contract made un- 
 der the provisions of this act, and select the necessary 
 books to be used for the succeeding term of five years. 
 If any publisher shall fail or refuse to furnish any book 
 contracted for under the provisions of this act, it shall 
 be the duty of the said board, on the call of the county 
 superintendent, to meet and select books to be used in- 
 stead of those which said publishers have failed or re- 
 fused to furnish. But no books shall thereafter be 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 67 
 
 adopted of a publisher who shall have failed or re- 
 fused to fulfil his contract with any board In the State, 
 and the name of any such publisher shall be furnished 
 by the secretary of said board to the State Superintend- 
 ent of Free Schools, and the State Superintendent shall 
 communicate the same to every county superintendent. 
 
 VII. No text-book or series of text-books, on any one Present con- 
 subject now contracted for under said chapter thirty- r imai 
 seven of the Acts of one thousand eight hundred and force> 
 ninety-five, or that shall be contracted for under the 
 provisions of this act, shall be changed for another or 
 different book or series of books except by the affirma- 
 
 tive votes of five members of the board: Provided, 
 That no change in the text-books contracted for under 
 the provisions of said chapter thirty-seven of the acts 
 of one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five shall be 
 made until the expiration of such contracts, unless for 
 failue of the contractor. And not more than one book 
 or one series of books on one subject, shall be changed 
 in any one year, except by the affirmative votes of six book ^ 
 members, and except as provided in section three : Pro- except! 
 videdj That in case of failure of a publisher to comply 
 with his contract, the board may, by the affirmative vote 
 of five members, adopt other books in place of those con- 
 tracted for. 
 
 VIII. After the adoption of any text-books the board who may se 
 shall contract wilth the publishers proposing the same, b( 
 
 to supply said books in sufficient quantities, for a term 
 of five years, beginning on a date to be stated in the 
 contract, to every board of education, depositary, agent 
 of said school book board or of said board of education, 
 or to any dealer or other person of the county, at the 
 prices named in this contract, and free on board the cars 
 at the place of publication or other place (which place 
 shall be named in such contract) ; and that said books 
 shall be equal in binding, typography, and in all other 
 respects to the samples furnished; and that no changes 
 shall be made in said book during the life of the con- 
 tract. In such contract shall be stated the accurate title 
 of every book therein contracted for, the name of the ' 
 author and of the publisher thereof, and the agreed ES$? of 
 price or prices thereof. Forms of such contract shall 
 be prepared by the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools and furnished to each county superintendent. 
 Every dealer or publisher entering into such contract, 
 shall furnish to the county superintendent a sample copy 
 of each book contracted for, and the county superintend- 
 ent shall attach to each of said books a label bearing 
 
68 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Bond of 
 publisher. 
 
 No school 
 officer act as 
 agent. 
 
 Depositaries. 
 
 Bond of 
 Depositary. 
 
 Depositary 
 to keep 
 books. 
 
 thereon : * ' Sample copy contracted for with k . 
 
 on the day of 189. . 
 
 , County Superintendent." 
 
 IX. Every publisher entering into contract with any 
 board under the provisions of this act, shall, within 
 thirty days thereafter, give a bond, in the penalty of 
 ten thousand dollars, to be approved by the Governor 
 and deposited with the State Superintendent of Free 
 Schools, conditioned for the faithful performance of 
 every such contract made by such publisher theretofore 
 or thereafter with any such board. 
 
 X. No member of said board shall serve, directly or in- 
 directly, as the agent for any publisher in school books 
 competing for adoption under the provisions of this act, 
 or be personally interested in any school book, and no 
 teacher nor school officer shall act as agent for any school 
 book. 
 
 XI. At the first meeting after the thirtieth day of 
 June, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, the 
 board of education of any district in this State may (at 
 their option) appoint one or more depositaries in each 
 district, and when practicable one or more depositaries 
 at or near each postoffice, who shall keep at all times a 
 sufficient supply of text-books to supply the free schools 
 of the neighborhood. Bach depositary shall execute a 
 bond in the penalty of double the value of the books 
 which he will probably have on hand at any time, but 
 in no event of a less penalty than one hundred dollars; 
 which bond shall be approved by the board of educa- 
 tion and filed with the secretary thereof. The board of 
 education may discharge any depositary at any time, 
 and require him to deliver the books in his possession 
 to such person as the board may name, and require the 
 depositary to settle his accounts and pay over to the 
 sheriff any balance in his hands on or before a date 
 named by the board. 
 
 XII. Each depositary shall, on or before the first day 
 of .September in each year, unless the board of educa- 
 tion shall name an earlier date, make out a list of the 
 text-books, in sufficient quantity in his judgment 
 to supply the schools in his neighborhood for a 
 period of six months, and from time to time thereafter 
 each depositary shall make out additional lists of such 
 books, so that he may at all times have a sufficient sup- 
 ply on hand ; such lists, when approved by the board of 
 education, or the president thereof, shall be signed by 
 him and the secretary thereof, and by the secretary for- 
 warded to the address of the publishers of the books 
 therein named. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WKST VIRGINIA 69 
 
 XIII. It shall be the duty of said publishers promptly ^ k 1 B ce of 
 to forward the books therein named to such depositary, 
 and to make out two invoices or bills therefor, one of 
 which shall be forwarded to the depositary and the other 
 to the secretary of the board of education. The board 
 of education shall supply the secretary with a proper 
 book in which to keep the accounts of all the deposi- 
 taries in the district. On the receipt of each invoice the 
 secretary shall charge the amount thereof against the 
 depositary receiving the books therein named, in said 
 account book, and file or preserve the invoice or bill. 
 If there be any error in such invoice or bills, the depos- 
 itary receiving the same shall promptly notify the pub- 
 lisher making the same; and if such publisher fail to 
 correct such error within twenty days thereafter, such 
 depositary shall notify the secretary of the board of 
 education thereof, and the board of education shall 
 investigaio the same and take such action therein as may 
 be proper and just. Eeach depositary shall pay to the p aym ent to 
 sheriff of the county, at the end of each thirty days, or the.sheritt. 
 oftener if required, and whenever required by the board 
 of education, the amount received by him from the sale 
 of such text-books since his last previous payment, less 
 his commission (to be fixed by the board of education De osltar v 
 and not to exceed fifteen per cent, on the amount of commission? ' 
 such sales), and the amount paid by him for transporta- 
 tion chnriics on such books; provided. That each state- 
 ment of charges to the sheriff shall be accompanied by 
 all the transportation bills paid by said depositary. The 
 sheriff shall duplicate receipts therefor to such deposi- 
 tary, wherein shall be stated the total amount of such 
 sales and the amount paid by such depositary to the 
 sheriff, one of which receipts shall be filed by such 
 depositary with the secretary of the board of education, 
 and upon receiving the same said secretary shall credit 
 the account of said depositary with the amount appear- 
 ing thereby to have been so paid by him to the sheriff 
 and the amount paid for transportation charges, and the 
 amount of said commission by separate items, and said, 
 secretary shall charge against the account of the sheriff, 
 which he is hereby required to keep, the amount paid 
 by such depositary to such sheriff, to be accounted for 
 by the sheriff in his annual settlement with the board 
 of education. The amounts received from the sales of 
 such books shall be credited to the building fund of the 
 district. 
 
 XIV. The board of education of each district shall Board of 
 be liable in its corporate capacity for the whole amount Haw?. * 
 
70 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 of all such text-books furnished to the depositaries in the 
 manner hereinbefore prescribed, and shall within sixty 
 days from the date of any invoice or bill of text-books 
 supplied by the publishers thereof to any depositary in 
 the district in the manner prescribed in the preceding 
 section, cause an order to be issued in favor of such 
 publisher, payable out of the building fund of the dis- 
 trict, and cause such order to be forwarded by mail T,O 
 such publishers. On presentation of such order to him 
 the sheriff shall pay the amount thereof to fhe party 
 entitled to receive the same, if there be in his hands suf- 
 ficient funds due the building fund of said district; but 
 if the sheriff have not sufficient of such funds to pay 
 the same, he shall endorse on the back thereof the 
 words "Presented for payment," with the date of such 
 presentation and said order shall draw interest from 
 that date. 
 
 If the Sheriff shall fail or refuse to pay such order 
 when he has funds in his hands, or should by law have 
 the same, with which to do so, he shall be liable as pro- 
 vided in section forty-six of chapter forty-five of the 
 Code. 
 
 XV. The board of education shall pay the cost of such 
 books and the amount of charges for transportation out 
 of the building fund of the district, and shall lay an 
 annual levy for the same upon the taxable property of 
 the district in the manner and at the time that other 
 levies are laid for said fund, and if at any time any 
 scholar or scholars should remove from the county into 
 another county in which a different book, or series of 
 books, or different books have been adopted, the board 
 of education of any district are authorized to purchase 
 from such scholar or scholars with money from the 
 building fund and at a fair valuation, such book or 
 books or series of books as may not be adopted in the 
 county to which they may remove: Provided, That the 
 provisions of this section shall not apply to districts in 
 which no depositary shall be appointea. 
 
 XVI. The board of education may remove any deposi- 
 depositary. t arv j n hi s district at any time, and appoint another in 
 
 his stead; may require him to execute a new bond, or 
 additional bond, whenever in their opinion they shall 
 deem it necessary, and may cause to be made at any time 
 an invoice of the text-books in the possession of any such 
 depositary. It shall be the duty of every depositary 
 whenever the board of education shall order, to turn 
 over to his successor or such other person as the said 
 board may name, all text-books in his possession. 
 
 Books paid 
 building f 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 71 
 
 XVII. Every depositary shall receive from any resi- B ookein 
 dent of his district copies of the books, that may at any exchange, 
 time be superseded by adoption of other books in their 
 
 stead, at the contracted exchange allowance of such super- 
 seded books, to be applied on payment of adopted 
 books. Each depositary shall turn over such superseded 
 books to the board of education at such times as the 
 board may direct, and shall receive credit on his account 
 for the value thereof. Such superseded books shall be 
 held by the board of education subject to the orders of 
 the publishers thereof, for a period of not -longer than 
 three months. 
 
 XVIII. If any teacher in a primary or graded school 
 of the free school system of this State use, or cause to 
 be used in such primary or graded school, any text- 
 books not authorized in place of an authorized book, 
 then the county superintendent shall apply to the board 
 of education for an order signed by said board, directed 
 to such teacher, requiring the use of such unauthorized 
 text-book to. be discontinued ; and if any teacher shall 
 disobey any such order issued by said board of educa- 
 tion, such teacher shall forfeit the sum of fen dollars for 
 each such offense, and it shall be the duty ot the board 
 of education of the district where said teacher is em- 
 ployed to retain that amount out of the salary of said 
 teacher, which amount so forfeited shall be paid into the 
 teachers' fund of such district. 
 
 XIX. Any publisher, school officer, depositary, Misdemeanor, 
 dealer, teacher or other person, violating tlje provisions 
 
 of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on 
 conviction thereof, shall be fined for each offense not less 
 than five nor more than fifty dollars. 
 
 XX. Nothing contained in this act shall be construed Acts repealed. 
 as changing or modifying the contracts heretofore made 
 
 with publishers of text-books under authority of chap- 
 ter thirty-seven of the Acts of one thousand eight hun- 
 dred and ninety-five ; and all acts, or parts of acts, com- 
 ing within the purview of this act and inconsistent there- 
 with, are hereby repealed. . . 
 
 (."Sb Passed Feb. 27. 1903.) 
 
 I. The boards of education throughout the State Free text 
 may, out of the building funds of their district, purchase books - 
 the necessary prescribed text-books to .be used "By the 
 pupils of the several schools therein under their control. 1 
 
 II. In any district where the board of education de- Books to be 
 termines to purchase and furnish to the pupils of their k |P* 
 schools such free text books', they shall enter an order 
 
72 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 secretary to 
 deliver books 
 to teachers. 
 
 Teachers to 
 exercise gen- 
 eral control 
 over books 
 during- term. 
 
 Pupils to re- 
 place books 
 unnecessarily 
 destroyed. 
 
 Secretary's 
 remunera- 
 tion. 
 
 Fines for 
 violations. 
 
 upon their records to that effect and shall cause said 
 books to be kept in charge by the secretary of such board 
 and furnished to the school children of their district as 
 hereinafter provided. 
 
 III. At the commencement of every term of school in 
 such district the secretary shall deliver to the teachers of 
 the several schools of the district such books as may be 
 necessary for the use of the several pupils therein for the 
 ensuing term of school and take from them a receipt .show- 
 ing the number and kind of books 'so received. It shall 
 be the duty of such teachers to take charge of such books 
 and to distribute the same among the several pupils of 
 their schools as they may from time to time need the same, 
 and said teachers shall have and exercise general control 
 of said books during such term and at the close thereof 
 shall collect and gather together all the books so used 
 during the term and deliver the same to tHe secretary of 
 the board of education. Provided that if any of the 
 books so delivered to any pupils of such district shall be 
 unnecessarily injured or destroyed, the same shall be re- 
 placed by the pupils who so injured or destroyed them. 
 
 IV. All such books shall be purchased by the board 
 of education directly from the publishers contracted with 
 as prescribed by law and at the net contract price, Pro- 
 vided, That such text books as are now in tHe possession 
 of pupils shall be used by them so long as they ? ^e suit- 
 able for such use. 
 
 V. The secretary for his services in this matter shall 
 receive a compensation in addition to his salary as such 
 secretary a sum not exceeding fifty dollars ($50.00) per 
 year. 
 
 59. If any officer or teacher, fail to perform any duty 
 required of him by this chapter, or violate any provis- 
 ion thereof, and there is no other Sue or punishment 
 imposed therefor, by law, he shall be fined not less than 
 three, nor more than ten dollars, for every such offense, 
 to be recovered before a justice of the peace of the 
 county; and such fine shall not impair or affect his lia- 
 bility for damages to any person injured, nor the lia- 
 bility of himself and sureties on his official bond. If the 
 board of education of any district or independent school 
 district, fail to perform any duty required by this act, 
 each member of such board shall be liable to the full 
 penalty imposed by this section, unless he show that he 
 was not guilty of any neglect or default in the premises. 
 
 60. For the support of free schools, there shall l)e a 
 state tax levied, annually, of ten cents on the one hun- 
 dred dollars ' valuation on all the real and personal prop- 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF "VVEvST VIRGINIA 73 
 
 orty of the State, which . together with the interest of 
 the invested school fund, the net proceeds of all forfeit- state school 
 ures, confiscations and fines which accrued to the State 
 during the previous year, the proceeds of the annual 
 capitation tax, dividends on bank stock held, by the 
 board of the school fund, and the interest accruing on 
 stocks invested in United States bonds, shall be set apart 
 as a separate fund to be called "the general school 
 fund," and shall be annually applied to the support of 
 free schools throughout the State, and to no other pur- 
 pose whatever. It shall be distributed to the several 
 counties in the State in proportion to the number of schoo? 1 
 youth therein, according to the latest enumeration made Fund - 
 for school purposes : but the Auditor shall first deduct 
 therefrom the aggregate salary of the State Superin- 
 tendent of Free Schools, and the necessary traveling 
 and contingent expenses of his office, together with such , 
 
 other sums as may be required to be paid by him out of 
 the general school fund. Fifty per cent, of this dis- 
 tributable sum shall be paid on the fifteenth day of Sep- ^ t e r n ibuted . 
 tember, and the remainder on the fifteenth day of De- 
 cember, of each year, and in the manner provided in the 
 sixty-first section of this chapter. 
 
 61. Ii shall be the dutv of the Auditor, 011 or before 
 the tenth day of June, in each year, to ascertain the 
 amount which is distributable among the several conn- distributing 
 ties as aforesaid, and notify the State Superintendent of 6 8C 
 Free Schools thereof, who shall thereupon ascertain the 
 
 proper >harc of each county and notify the Auditor and 
 each county superintendent, also, the amount deducted 
 hv the Auditor from the share of his county on account 
 of salary paid the county superintendent, as required by 
 section fifty-four, which amount the county superintend- 
 ent shall also deduct from the share of His county before 
 making his distribution of the same among the several 
 districts thereof. 
 
 Upon receiving such notice, the county superintend- County su- 
 ent shall ascertain the proper share of each district, and 
 independent school district, of his county, according 
 the number of youths therein, and give notice to the 
 board of education of each district, and independent 
 school district, in the county, of the amount of the 
 general school fund due each, respectively, and that the 
 same cannot be drawn by them until they have made the 
 levy required by the fortieth section of this chapter.' 
 
 62. Upon being officially notified by the secretary of 
 the board of education, in the manner provided for in 
 the forty-fourth section of this chapter, that the board 
 
74 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Requisition 
 
 education has authorized the levy ?or school purposes, 
 on Auditor, the county superintendent shall issue his requisition on 
 the Auditor, payable to the order of the sheriff of his 
 county for the amounts due such districts as may have 
 made the levy aforesaid, which shall be paid in two 
 equal installments, payable on the fifteenth days of 
 September and December, respectively; whereupon the 
 Auditor shall issue his warrant upon the Treasurer in 
 favor of the sheriff for the amount of such requisition, 
 indicating in writing upon said warrant the depositary 
 upon which the same shall be drawn; and the Treasurer 
 shall thereupon be authorized and required to draw his 
 check upon the said depositary for the said amount. 
 
 The requisition of the county superintendent shall be 
 in form or in substance as follows: 
 
 Form'of OFFICE OF THE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF FREE 
 
 requisition. SCHOOLS, 
 
 County of , the day of , 18 . 
 
 State Super- 
 intendent. 
 
 Auditor of West Virginia: 
 
 Pay to the order of 
 
 county, dollars, 
 
 , sheriff of 
 
 the amount of State school 
 
 fund apportioned to the district (or independent school 
 district) of , in said county for the year 18. 
 
 And I hereby certify that said district (or independ- 
 ent school district), has made the levy required by law, 
 for school purposes, and that said sheriff has given the 
 bond required by law. 
 
 A B , County Superintendent of 
 
 Schools. 
 
 CXXI. Sections 42 and 61 prohibit any district or independent 
 school district from receiving its proportion of the State school fund, 
 until it has laid the local levy required by section 40. County super- 
 intendents should inform the Auuitor if a district votes down the levy 
 that he may act in compliance with section 42. 
 
 63. There shall be elected a State Superintendent of 
 Free Schools for the State, whose term of office shall be 
 the same as that of the Governor. He shall be a person 
 of good moral character, of temperate habits, of literary 
 acquirements, and skill and experience in the art of 
 teaching. He shall receive annually the sum of one 
 thousand five hundred dollars in payment for his ser- 
 vices, to be paid monthly out of the school fund upon the 
 warrant of the Auditor. If in the performance of any 
 duty imposed, upon him by the Legislature, he shall in- 
 cur any expenses, he shall be reimbursed therefor. 
 Provided, The amount does not exceed five hundred dol- 
 lars in any one year. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST YIRGINIA 75 
 
 64. The State Superintendent shall reside and keep state Super . 
 his office at the seat of government. He shall provide Uttewtemt. 
 
 a seal for his office, and copies of his acts and decisions, 
 and of papers kept in his office, authenticated by his 
 signature and official seal shall be evidence equally with 
 the original. He shall sign all requisitions on tne Audi- 
 tor for payment of money out of the State treasury 
 for school purposes, except as hereinafter provided. 
 
 65. The State Superintendent shall be charged with ttetfsS'per- 
 the supervision of all county superintendents and free intendent - 
 schools of the State, and see that the school system is 
 carried into effect. He shall prepare and transmit to 
 
 the county superintendents instructions how to conduct 
 the elections prescribed in this chapter, to keep and 
 transmit the official records and ballots tEereof, and the 
 manner of ascertaining and announcing the results, so 
 as to conform the same to the provisions ol this chapter, 
 and also to such provisions of the general election laws 
 of the State as may not be inconsistent therewith; he . 
 shall prescribe and cause to be prepared all forms and 
 blanks necessary in the details of the system, so as to 
 secure its uniform operation throughout the State, and 
 shall cause the same to be forwarded to the several 
 county superintendents, to be by them distributed to the 
 persons entitled to the same. He shall cause as many 
 copies of this chapter and other school laws in force with 
 such forms, regulations and instructions as lie may judge 
 expedient, thereto annexed, to be from time to time 
 published, as he may deem expedient, and shall cause 
 the same to be forwarded to the county superintendents, 
 to be by them distributed to the persons entitled to re- 
 ceive them. 
 
 66. It shall be the duty of the State Superintendent guties of 
 
 ,. i , / f i \ .1 State Super- 
 
 to aim at perfecting the system of free schools as estab- intendent. 
 lished in the State: and for this purpose it shall be his 
 duty to correspond with educators and school officers 
 abroad, to acquaint himself with the various systems of 
 free schools established in other _states and countries, 
 collate the results as exhibited in tEe reports of their sev- 
 eral superintendents, and to use all efforts necessary to 
 enable him to render available the combined results of 
 the experience of other communities with his own expe- 
 rience and observation. 
 
 He shall acquaint himself intimately with the peculiar 
 educational wants of each section of the State, and* shall 
 take all proper means to supply them, so that the 
 schools shall be as nearly as possible equal and uniform 
 in grade throughout the State. He shall acquaint him- 
 
76 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 self with the different systems and methods of instruc- 
 tion which may be introduced among educators, and 
 shall explain and recommend such as experience and 
 sound principles of education may have demonstrated to 
 be valuable ; and it snail be his duty to endeavor to ren- 
 der available to the people of this State all such im- 
 provements in the system of free schools and the meth- 
 ods of instruction, as may have been tested and proven 
 by the experience of other communities. 
 
 Report of 67. He shall, on or before the first day of January, 
 
 fn?endent er ~ of each year, make a report to the Governor, to be by 
 him transmitted to the next regular session of the Leg- 
 islature, in regard to the condition of free schools within 
 the State, embracing all statistics compiled from the 
 reports of the county superintendents, and such other 
 authentic information as he can procure, which will be 
 necessary to give a proper exhibit of the wofking of 
 the system together with such plans as he may have 
 matured for the management and improvement of the 
 school fund, and for the better and more perfect organ- 
 ization and efficiency ol free schools ; and, likewise, all 
 such matters in relation to his office and to free schools, 
 as he may deem expedient to communicate. 
 
 re l ort > co t ntii ^' ^ e Auditor shall annually, before the first day 
 t?onof C ' of September, deliver to the Governor and the State 
 ncL Superintendent of Free Schools, each, a report made up 
 to the first day of July next preceding, of the condi- 
 tion of ' ' the school fund, ' ' with an abstract of the ac- 
 counts thereof in his office, which report the Governor 
 shall lay before the legislature at its next regular ses- 
 sion. 
 
 CXXII. Chapter 29. section 67, Code, requires the Auditor to 
 certify to each county superintendent the amount of railroad levies, 
 due to each district and independent district. See said section. 
 
 Board of ^9. The Governor, State Superintendent of Free 
 
 school fund. Schools, Auditor and Treasurer, shall be a corporation, 
 under the name of "the board of the school fund,'* and 
 shall have the management, control and investment of 
 said fund, under the fourth section of the twelfth arti- 
 cle of the constitution. The Governor shall be presi- 
 dent of the board, and in his absence the board may 
 choose one of their number to preside temporarily in 
 his place. The Auditor shall be the secretary of the 
 board.. A faithful record shall tie kept of all the pro- 
 ceedings, and a copy thereof, certified by the secretary 
 of the board, shall 5e evidence in all cases in which the 
 original would be. A majority of the board shall con- 
 stitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 77 
 
 70. A meeting of the board may be held at any time, MeetinK8 . 
 upon the call of any member thereof, provided notice 
 
 be given to all members who may be at the seat of gov- 
 ernment. The Auditor's office shall be the place of 
 meeting, and the proceedings shall be signed by the 
 presfdent" and secretary of flie meeting for that day, and 
 shall be open to inspection at all times. 
 
 71. All the money which ought to be paid into the Moneys 
 treasury to the credit of "the school fund" shall 5e re- recoverable, 
 coverable with interest by action or motion in the name 
 
 of said board, Before any court having jurisdiction, and 
 thr Attorney-General shall institute and prosecute such 
 action or motion when so directed by the board. 
 
 72. The board may appoint agents for the collection Board ina 
 of debts or claims, and authorize them to secure pay- appoint 
 ment thereof, and to protect the interests of the school agent8 ' 
 fund, on such terms as it may approve. They shall 
 
 take bond from said agent, if any money is to come 
 into his hands: and any agent ^selling lands, when di- 
 rected to do so by the board, shall execute a deed, (with 
 the resolution giving such directions thereto annexed), 
 conveying to the purchaser by special warranty. Said 
 agent may be allowed by the board a compensation riot 
 exceeding, in anv case, five per cent, on the money paid 
 into the treasury. 
 
 73. All such sums as have accrued or shall hereafter ^hSSSd- 
 accrue to this State, from the several sources enumer- now invested, 
 ated in the fourth section of the twelfth article of the 
 Constiufion. shall be set apart as a separate fund to be 
 
 called "the school fund," and it shall be the duty of the 
 Auditor 1<> jivccrtnin from time to time what sums have 
 so accrued or may hereafter accrue, and to pass the 
 same to the credit of the said school fund ; and it shall be 
 the duty of the board of the school fund, from time to 
 time, to invest the same in the interest bearing securi- 
 ties of the United States, or of this State, or otherwise, 
 provided for in said fourth section of the twelfth article 
 of the Constitution. And it shall be the Huty of the 
 said board to sell any investments on account "of the 
 school fund now made in other securities, than those 
 required in said fourth section of the twelfth article of 
 the Constiution, and invest the proceeds thereof in the 
 interest bearing securities of the United States, or of 
 this State, or otherwise, as provided in the Constitution 
 aforesaid. 
 
 (73a. I. All stock owned by the State of West Vir- certain 
 ginia, standing in the name of the Commonwealth oftoSg&g***' 
 Virginia, the State Internal Improvement Fund, or the sch o1 fund - 
 
78 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Board of the Literary Fund, or in any other name, in 
 the National Bank of West Virginia, at Wheeling, the 
 Parkersburg National Bank, the First National Bank of 
 Wellsburg, the First National Bank of Fairmont, the 
 National Exchange Bank of Weston, and all the interest 
 owned by the State, standing in the name of the Com- 
 monwealth of Virginia, or in the name of either of said 
 funds, or in the name of the State of West Virginia, or 
 in any other name, in the North Western Bank of Vir- 
 ginia and its branches, and in the branches of the Ex- 
 change Bank of Virginia at Weston; and all dividends 
 and accrued interest on all such stock, is hereby trans- 
 ferred to and shall henceforth be held and treated as a 
 part of the school fund of the State, subject to the con- 
 trol of the board of the school fund ; and the annual in- 
 terest or profits thereof (but no part of the principal), 
 shall be passed to and become a part of the fund for 
 annual distribution among the several counties of the 
 State.) 
 
 Auditor shall 74. The Auditor shall be the accountant of the board, 
 beaccount- exercising any of their powers, except that he shall not, 
 without special authority, entered upon the records of 
 their proceedings, dispose of any property or invest any 
 money of the school fund. He shall place the securities 
 in which said school fund is invested in such depository 
 for safe keeping, as the board shall direct. All money 
 belonging to "the school fund" shall be received into 
 and paid out of the treasury upon the warrant of the 
 Auditor. But no warrant for paying out such money 
 shall be issued without the authority of the board, 
 city of 75. Nothing in this chapter shall alter or affect the 
 
 wheeling. laws now in force respecting the free schools in the city 
 of Wheeling, and the parts of districts connected there- 
 with ; nor shall anything in this chapter be constructed as 
 abolishing any independent school district heretofore 
 created, or as affecting anr right or privilege conferred 
 upon them, respectively, in the acts of the Legislature 
 by which they have been created; except so far as such 
 right or privilege may be inconsistent with the provis- 
 ions of this chapter in which independent school districts 
 are especially included. In the independent school dis- 
 trict of Wheeling none but practical educators who shall 
 have had at least three years of practice as teachers in 
 graded schools, shall be eligible to the office of superin- 
 tendent. 
 
 CXXIII. Independent school districts are those created by special 
 act of the Legislature and are governed by the laws laid down in the 
 ats creating them. On points where these acts are silent the genera* 
 law applies. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 79 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 
 
 76. ''The Agricultural College of West Virginia/' Agricultural 
 located and established at Morgantown> in the county ^e^t Virginia, 
 of Monongalia, in pursuance to the act passed February 
 seventh, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, 
 
 entitled "An act for the regulation of the West Vir- 
 ginia Agricultural College," shall be and remain as so 
 established and located; and all the provisions of said 
 act, except so far as the same may be altered by this 
 chapter, shall remain in full force and effect to the same 
 extent as if this chapter as amended had not been 
 passed. 
 
 77. The name of said college shall hereafter be ' ' The 
 West Virginia University," by which name it shall have 
 and hold all the property, funds, investments, rights, 
 powers and privileges, now had and held under the 
 name prescribed in the above recited act. 
 
 78. For the government and control of said university Board oi 
 there shall be a board of regents consisting of nine per- re s ent - 
 sons, to be called "The regents of the West Virginia 
 University." As such board they may sue and be sued, 
 
 and have a common seal. The said board shall have the 
 custody and control of the property and funds of said 
 university, except as otherwise provided by law. They 
 shall have the power to accept from any person or persons 
 any gift, grant or devise of money, land or other prop- 
 erty intended for the use of the university, and shall, 
 by such acceptance, be trustees of the funds and property 
 which may come into the possession or under the control 
 of said board by such gift, grant or devise, and shall 
 in vest and hold such funds and property, and apply the 
 proceeds and property in such manner as the donor may 
 prescribe by the terms of his gift, grant or devise. A 
 majority of said regents shall constitute a quorum for the 
 transaction of business, except that for making arrange- 
 ments for the erection of buildings or the permanent 
 alteration thereof, or the appointment to, or removal from 
 office of professors, or fixing their compensation or chang- 
 ing any rule or regulations adopted by a majority of the 
 board, in which case all of the regents shall be notified in 
 writing by the secretary of the board, of the meeting place 
 and object of the meeting proposed to be held for any 
 of the purposes excepted in this section ; and the confer- 
 ence of a majority of the regents shall be required. Said 
 board of regents shall consist of nine members who shall 
 be residents and voters of the State. The governor shall, 
 on or before the fifteenth day of March, in the j*ear nine- 
 
80 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Courses of 
 study. 
 
 teen hundred and one, or as soon thereafter as convenient, 
 appoint said nine regents, who shall be divided into two 
 classes, consisting of four and five regents respectively. 
 The term of office of both classes shall begin on the first 
 dav of May, nineteen hundred and one; and the term 
 of office of the first class shall continue for two years and, 
 until their successors are appointed and qualified, and the 
 term of the second class shall continue for four years and 
 until their successors are appointed and qualified; and 
 thereafter the term of office of each class shall be for 
 four years and until their successors are appointed and 
 qualified.- Any person appointed a regent during the 
 recess of the Senate *hall serve as such until the next 
 meeting of the Senate. The governor may by appoint- 
 ment fill any vacancy oceuring in the board for the un- 
 expired term. Not more than six of said regents shall be- 
 long to the same political party, and not more than one 
 shall be appointed from the same Senatorial district or 
 county. The term of office of the regents now in office 
 shall expire on the thirtieth day of April, nineteen hun- 
 dred and one. 
 
 79. The board of regents shall from time to time 
 establish such departments of education in literature, 
 science, art, agriculture and military tactics as they may 
 deem expedient, and as the funds under their control 
 may warrant, and purchase such materials, implements 
 and apparatus, as may be requisite to proper instruction 
 in all said branches of learning, so as to carry out the 
 spirit of the act of Congress aforesaid, approved July 
 second, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two. 
 
 80. The said board shall establish and declare such' 
 rules and regulations and by-laws not inconsistent with 
 the laws of this State, or the Unite'd States, as they may 
 deem necessary for the proper organization, the tuition 
 of students and good government of said University and 
 the protection of public property belonging thereto. 
 They shall appoint a superintendent of the buildings and 
 grounds, a secretary for said board and also a treasurer, 
 who shall be members of the faculty of the University, 
 
 officers of the and shall not receive any compensation for services as 
 such superintendent, secretary and treasurer. No salary 
 shall be gaid to the secretary of the executive committee. 
 From the said treasurer they shall take a bond with 
 ample security, and conditioned according to law, for 
 the faithful keeping and disbursing such money as is 
 herein, or may be hereafter appropriated, and such other 
 money as may be allowed by said board to eome into 
 his hands from time to time; they shall also settle with 
 
 Rules and 
 regulations. 
 
 University. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 81 
 
 him annually or oftener if they think best; inspect 
 annually all the property belonging to said University 
 and make a full report of the condition, income, expen- 
 ditures and management of said University, annually, 
 to the Governor; to be by him laid before the Legisla- 
 ture. 
 
 81. The board shall have power to create a prepara- 
 tory department to said University, and establish any 
 other professorships than those indicated heretofore, if 
 the same be deemed essential; to fix the salaries of the 
 several professors,and to remove them for good cause, 
 but in case of removal the concurrence of a ma.iority of 
 the regents shall be required, and the reasons for a re- 
 moval shall be communicated in a written statement to 
 the Governor. 
 
 82. Besides prescribing the general terms upon which cadets; 
 students may be admitted, and the course of instruction, of. p 
 the regents are still further empowered to admit as regu- 
 lar students of the University, not more than two hun- 
 dred and twenty-five cadets in the military department. 
 Each member of the Senate shall be entitled to appoint 
 
 one cadet from his district, on or before the first day of 
 June in the second year of his term, and one cadet on or 
 before the first day of June in the fourth year of his 
 term. Each member of the House of Delegates shall be 
 entitled to appoint one cadet from his county on or before 
 the first day of June next preceding the end of his term. 
 In case a cadetship filled by appointment by any member 
 of the Legislature shall become vacant, the member mak- 
 ing the appointment, or his successor, shall fill the same 
 by a new appointment within the limits of fime afore- 
 said. But no Senator or Delegate shall appoint any cadet 
 until he receives a certificate from the President of the 
 University, or the commandant of cadets, giving him no- 
 tice of his right to do so ; and he shall not have the right 
 to exercise such power of appointment as long as two 
 cadets are accredited to himself and his predecessor, 
 either by original appointment or by re-enlistment. All 
 other cadets necessary to make up the full complement of 
 the corps shall be appointed by the regents, in propor- 
 tion to their number, including vacancies, if any, caused 
 by the failure of any member of the Legislature to make 
 his appointment. Cadets shall not be under sixteen years 
 of age, and shall not be over twenty-one years of age. 
 Their appointment shall be made upon undoubted evi- 
 dence of good moral character and sound physical condi- 
 tion. Their term of enlistment of service shall be two 
 years, but any cadet, at the expiration of his first term, 
 
82 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WP:ST VIRGINIA 
 
 Cadets hare 
 free books, 
 etc. 
 
 Expenses of 
 regents. 
 
 Graduation. 
 
 Investment of 
 land fund. 
 
 shall be entitled to re-enlist for the further term of two 
 years, upon giving notice of his intention to the com- 
 mandant of cadets at least thirty days before the expi- 
 ration of such term. But not more than fifteen cadets 
 shall be appointed from any Senatorial district, and not 
 more than eight from any one county. 
 
 83. The cadets admitted under the provisions of the 
 preceding section shall be entitled to all the privileges, 
 immunities, educational advantages, and benefits of the 
 University, free of charge for admission, tuition, books 
 and stationery, and shall constitute the public guard of 
 the University, and of the public property belonging 
 thereto; and of the ordinance and ordinance stores, and 
 camp and garrison equipage, of which a sufficient supply 
 shall be kept in the arsenal belonging to the institution. 
 And the professors and the students of the University 
 receiving instruction in military tactics and the art of 
 war, shall be individually and collectively responsible 
 for the preservation and safe-keeping of all arms and 
 camp equippage belonging to said institution. 
 
 84. All reasonable expenses incurred by said regents 
 in discharging the duties hereby imposed upon them 
 (not, however, including wages or per diem compensa- 
 tion) shall be allowed by the Governor and paid out of 
 the treasury of the State, in like manner as other sums 
 are drawn therefrom: Provided, however. That such 
 expenditure shall not exceed five hundred dollars per 
 annum. 
 
 85. The president, board of regents and faculty may 
 graduate any student of the university found (after 
 proper examination) duly qualified, and shall certify 
 the same by affixing the seal of the University to his 
 diploma. 
 
 86. The funds derived from the sale of United States 
 land warrants which have been donated to this State for 
 the purpose of endowing an agricultural college, shall 
 be invested by the Governor in a loan of public stock 
 of the United States, or otherwise, as required by Con- 
 gress, for 'the use and benefit of the said University. 
 
 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 
 
 Agricultural 
 Experiment 
 Station. 
 
 [86a. WHEREAS, The Congress of the United States 
 has in its wisdom seen fit to appropriate the sum of fif- 
 teen thousand dollars annually for the establishment and 
 maintenance of an agricultural experiment station in this 
 State, to aid in acquiring and diffusing among the people 
 useful and practical information on the subjects con- 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 83 
 
 nected with agriculture, and to promote scientific inves- 
 tigation ancl experiment respecting the principles and 
 applications of agricultural science, to be established in 
 connection with and under the direction of the college 
 of this State, establishing in accordance with the provis- 
 ions of an act approved July 2, 1862, entitled, "An act 
 donating public lands to the several States and Terri- 
 tories which may provide colleges for the benefit of ag- 
 ricultural and the mechanical arts," and, 
 
 WHEREAS, The West Virginia University by an act 
 of the Legislature of West Virginia, entitled, "An act, 
 for the regulation of the West Virginia Agricultural 
 College, ' ' passed February 7, 1867, and other acts of the 
 Legislature amendatory, thereof, is the institution of 
 this State receiving the benefits of the above mentioned 
 land grant fund ; and, 
 
 WHEREAS, In accordance with the provisions of sec- 
 tion 9 of aforementioned act of Congress establishing 
 said experiment stations, the Governor of West Virginia 
 has accepted for the West Virginia University the con- 
 gressional appropriation for the establishment of an 
 agricultural experiment station, and 
 
 WHEREAS, The board of regents of the West Virginia 
 University, in accordance with section 1, of the afore- 
 named congressional act, approved March 2, 1887, has 
 established a department in the West Virginia Uni- 
 versity, known as "the West Virginia Agricultural 
 Experiment Station," which is now in full working 
 order and issuing regular bulletins for the diffusion of 
 information among the people of the State, as required 
 by law; and which is now well and thoroughly equip- 
 ped with chemical laboratories, apparatus and ma- 
 chinery, and has a staff of scientific men employed and 
 carrying on the work contemplated in the congressional 
 act, therefore, 
 
 Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia: 
 
 I. That the State of West Virginia hereby assentslo 
 
 and accepts from the government of the United States ants. 
 the grants of money authorized by said act of congress, 
 and assents to the purposes of said grants. 
 
 II. The bulletins and annual reports required to be Bulletins, 
 published under section four of said act, shall be 
 printed at the expense of the State, by the State printer, 
 
 in such editions or numbers as the mailing list of the ex- 
 periment station shall indicate as being required, and 
 shall be distributed by the station free of all charge to 
 farmers and other citizens of the State desiring the same. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Board of 
 regents. 
 
 STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS 
 
 87. The "West Virginia State Normal School," es- 
 tablished under and by virtue of an act passed February 
 
 state normal twenty-seventh, one thousand eight hundred and sixty- 
 seven, entitled "An Act for the establishment of a State 
 Normal School,," shall be and remain at Marshall Col- 
 lege, in the County of Cabell, as provided in said act, and 
 all the provisions of said act, and all other acts in re- 
 lation thereto, shall be and remain in full force, except 
 so far as the same may be altered by this chapter. For 
 the government and control of said school and its branch- 
 es, there shall be a board of regents, consisting of the 
 State Superintendent of Free Schools, together with six 
 other persons, to be appointed, by the governor as here- 
 inafter provided, who shall be called the "Regents of the 
 State Normal School," and as such may have a common 
 seal, sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, contract 
 and be contracted with, and take, hold and possess real 
 and personal estate for the use of said school. The transfer 
 and conveyance by the board of supervisors of Cabeil 
 County of lands and building of Marshall College and of 
 the real estate heretofore conveyed by tne Central- Land 
 Company of West Virginia to the regents of said school 
 heretofore appointed, is hereby accepted, confirmed and 
 legalized. But in case the said school should at any time 
 hereafter be removed from the said Marshall College, 
 the said property so conveyed shall revert to and be vest- 
 ed in the county court for the use of the said county of 
 Cabell. The said six regents shall be appointed by the 
 governor, between the fifteenth day of March and the fif- 
 teenth day of April in the year nineteen hundred and one, 
 whose term of office shall begin on the first day of June 
 next following their appointment, and continue for fom ; 
 years and until their successors are appointed and quali- 
 fied; except that the board appointed in the said year 
 1901, three shall be for the term of two years and three 
 for the term of four years. Not more than two of the re- 
 gents of each of said two classes shall belong to the same 
 political party. A vacancy occuring in the board shall 
 be filled by appointment by the governor for the unex- 
 pired term. The term of office of the regents now in 
 office shall expire, on the thirty-first day of May, nineteen 
 hundred and one. 
 
 88. The said school shall Be under the general super- 
 vision and control of the said regents. They shall have 
 full power and authority to adopt and establish such by- 
 laws, rules and regulations for its government as they 
 may deem necessary and proper, to effect the object of 
 its establishment, not inconsistent with tfie laws of this 
 
 Rules and 
 regulations. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 85 
 
 Stato. They shall fix tlie number and compensation of 
 the teachers, and others to be employed therein, and 
 appoint and remove the same; prescribe the preliminary 
 examination of pupils, and the terms and conditions on 
 which they shall be received and instructed in said 
 school : Provided. That all pupils admitted free of tui- 
 tion to any one school, shall not exceed in number the 
 whole number appointed to such county for admission Number of 
 to all normal schools of the State ; the branches of learn- P u P lla - 
 ing to be taught in each department thereof; and shall 
 determine the number of pupils to be received in the 
 normal (Icprirtmrnt of said school form each county or 
 judicial circuit of this State, conforming as nearly as 
 possible to the ratio of population therein, and the mode 
 of selecting them. The pupils admitted into the normal 
 department of said school shall be admitted to all the 
 privileges thereof, free from all charges of tuition, or 
 for use of books or apparatus : that: every such pupil 
 shall pay for all books lost by him or any damage done 
 "by him to such books or apparatus: and any pupil in 
 said school may be dismissed tHerefrom by said regents, 
 or by the executive committee, subject to the approval 
 of the regents, for immoral or disordorlv conduct, or 
 for neglect or inability to perform his duty. The 
 State Superintend^ of Free Schools shall prepare suit- 
 able diplomas to be granted to the students of the 
 normal department, of said school who have completed 
 the course of study and discipline prescribed by said 
 regents. The said regents may establish a pay depart- 
 ment in said school whenever the accommodations there- 
 of will admit of the same, and may admit into such de- 
 partment so many paying students as can be accommo- 
 dated therein from this or any other State, whether they 
 desire to become teachers of schools or not. 
 
 Thev may cause to be taught in the said department 
 of said school, all or any of the branches of learninsr 
 usually taught in colleges and seminaries, and for that 
 purpose may establish therein the necessary professor- 
 ships. 
 
 They may also make all the necessary rules and regu- Tuition, etc. 
 lations for the government of said department and pres- 
 cribe the tuition and the terms of admission therein. 
 The said school shall continue to be called and known 
 by the name of " Marshall College." 
 
 PXXTV. If is tho nrprtiee to nllow nevsons attending anv of the 
 State Normal Schools, under appointment, to teach one term of school 
 each year if desired, and yet hold the appointment. The same rule 
 Is held to be good in case of colored teachers attending the West Vir- 
 ginia Colored Institute. 
 
8C 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Executive 
 Committee. 
 
 Fairmont 
 branch. 
 
 West Liberty 
 branch. 
 
 Glenville 
 branch. 
 
 CXXV. Clearly under section 88 of the school law, two depart- 
 ments are contemplated. One known as the normal department, and 
 the other as the pay or academic department. It is intended that in 
 the latter department, persons are admitted who do not desire to take 
 the normal course, or if they have taken the normal course, who de- 
 sire to pursue a higher grade of studies. I see nothing to prevent 
 those who have taken the normal course, and have graduated from re- 
 viewing the studies contained in the normal course, free of charge. 
 
 The purpose of the normal course is to prepare teachers, and a re- 
 viewing of that course would he to make the teachers more perfect. 
 T. 8. Riley, Attorney-General. 
 
 89. The said regents shall appoint three intelligent 
 and discreet persons, residents of the county of Cabell, 
 who shall constitute an executive committee for the care 
 and immediate management and control of said school, 
 subject to the rules and regulations prescribed by the 
 regents. Said committee shall (subject to the control 
 of said regents), designate the person to take charge of 
 the boarding department of said school, and fix the 
 price to be paid for board therein. They shall from 
 time to time make full and detailed reports to said re- 
 gents of the condition, working and prospects of sai-3 
 school, and shall perform such other duties in relation 
 thereto as the said regents may from time to time pre- 
 scribe. 
 
 90. The branch of the state normal school established 
 at Fairmont, under and in pursuance of the act passed 
 March fourth, one thousand eight hundred and sixty- 
 eight, entitled, "An act providing for the purchase of 
 the West Virginia Normal School at Fairmont, ' ' shall be 
 and remain at that place, and all provisions ot said act 
 shall remain in full force, except so far as the same may 
 be altered by this chapter. Said school shall be under 
 the jurisdiction and control of the regent? of the State 
 normal school, in the same manner and to the same ex- 
 tent as the State normal school at Marshall College. 
 
 91. The branch of the state normal school established 
 at West Liberty, under and in pursuance of the act 
 passed March first, one thousand eight hundred and 
 seventy, entitled "An act to establish a branch normal 
 school at West Liberty, in Ohio county," shall be and 
 remain at that place, and all the provisions of said act 
 shall remain in full force, except so far as the same may 
 be altered by this chapter. Said school shall be under 
 the jurisdiction and control of the regents of the state 
 normal school, in the same manner and to the same ex- 
 tent as the state normal school at Marshall College. 
 
 92. The branch of the State normal school established 
 at Glenville, under and in pursuance of the act passed 
 the nineteenth day of February, one thousand eight 
 hundred and seventy-two, entitled "an act to establish a 
 branch normal school at Glenville, Gilmer county, :> 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF \Vi-xr YIKOINIA 87 
 
 shall bo and remain at that place, and all the provisions 
 of said act shall remain in full force, except so far as the 
 same, may be altered by this chapter. Said school shall 
 be under the jurisdiction and control of the regents of 
 the State normal school in the same manner and to the 
 same extent as the State normal school at Marshall Col- 
 lege. 
 
 93. The branch of the State normal school established S hepherds- 
 at Shepherdstown, under and in pursuance of the act town branch 
 passed and approved February fourteenth, one thous- 
 and eight hundred and seventy-two, entitled "an act to 
 establish a branch normal school at Shepherdstown, in 
 
 the county of Jeffereson," shall be and remain at that 
 place, and all the provisions of said act shall remain in 
 full force, except so far as the same may be altered by 
 this chapter. Said school shall be under the jurisdiction 
 and control of the regents of the State normal school, in 
 the same manner and to the same extent as the State 
 normal school at Marshall College. 
 
 94. The branch of the State normal school at *Con- Concord * 
 cord, in Mercer county, . established by the act passed branch, 
 the twenty-eighth day of February, one thousand eight 
 hundred and seventy-two, entitled "an ac^ to locate a 
 branch State normal school at Concord, in the county of 
 Mercer, shall be and remain at that place, and all the 
 provisions of said act shall remain in full force, except 
 
 so far as the same may be altered by this chapter. Said 
 school shall be under the jurisdiction and control of the 
 regents of the State normal school in the same manner 
 and to the same extent as the State normal school at 
 Marshall College. 
 
 95. The principals of the State Normal School and i 
 branches shall make, at the close of each term thereof, 
 to the president of the board of regents, in addition to 
 the annual reports require'd of them, a report, . under 
 oath, of the number of non-paying normal school pupils 
 and the number of paying pupils in the several depart- 
 ments of the school in actual monthly attendance during 
 said term. 
 
 96. The president of the board of regents of the State 
 Normal School and its branches, upon receipt of the 
 reports required in the ninety-fifth section of this chap- 
 ter, shall furnish the Auditor of the State with the num- 
 ber of the non-paying Normal pupils in actual monthly 
 attendance in each of the said Normal Schools, and the 
 number of months of actual attendance, upon the receipt 
 of which report, and upon the requisition of the presi- 
 
 *The name of the postoffice has been changed to Athens. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Appropria- 
 tion. 
 
 Colored 
 teachers. 
 
 Unearned ap- 
 propriation. 
 
 ?tu a deiSs With 
 
 dent of the board of regents, the said Auditor shall issui3 
 to the executive committee of each of said schools, war- 
 rants upon the treasury of the State for the amount due 
 said schools, at the rate of three dollars and fifty cents 
 per month for every non-paying Normal pupil reported 
 as in monthly attendance. 
 
 A sum not to exceed thirty-two hundred dollars each 
 year is hereby appropriated for each of the Normal 
 Schools, payable out of the treasury of the State. 
 
 The State Superintendent of Free Schools shall, if 
 possible, in every year, make arrangements with some 
 suitable institution of learning in this State for the educa- 
 tion and Normal school-training of a number of colored 
 teachers, in the proportion to the colored population of 
 the State which the non-paying white students in the 
 Normal Schools bear to the white population of the 
 State ; but the amount to be paid for each of said colored 
 teachers shall not exceed the sum herein specified for 
 each non-paying white student: and an additional sum 
 to the extent necessary to pay the tuition of said colored 
 students, is hereby appropriated, payable out of the 
 treasury of the State in each year, as provided for in 
 the next section", upon the requisition of the State Super- 
 intendent of Free Schools. 
 
 CXXVI. Actual monthly attendance' of a non-paying punil dur- 
 ing any month of a school term, may be an attendance l>ona fide for a 
 portion of the month. Sickness might prevent constant attendance 
 during any month, yet if the pupil was in attendance in good faith 
 daring part -of the month, when able to attend, the school would be 
 entitled to $3.50 for such pupil for that month. * * The words 
 'actual monthly attendance' are used in the statute, so as to plainly 
 prohibit, pay being drawn for constructive monthly attendance. 
 
 The attendance of a pupil must have commenced in n m.nith 
 and In good faith, with an intention of continuing. If the pupil 
 does not attend at all during any month * * the law prohibits 
 any pay being given. Alfred Calchrell, Attorney-General. 
 
 97. If any normal school does not earn the amount of 
 its annual appropriation of three thousand dollars, as 
 aforesaid, in any year, the board of regents of the State 
 Normal School and its Branches are hereby authorized 
 to expend in their discretion the unearned amount of its 
 annual appropriation in the payment of teachers in 
 another or others of such schools and the Auditor shall 
 issue his warrants for such expenditures on the order of 
 said board. 
 
 CXXVII. Section 96 as amended by chapter 45, Acts 1895. provides 
 for an appropriation of thirty-two hundred dollars for each normal 
 school. 
 
 98. I. If any money be lent or advanced, or anything 
 be sold or let to hire, on credit to or for the use of any 
 student or pupil under twenty-one years of age. at the 
 West Virginia University, the West Virginia' State 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 89 
 
 Normal School or any of its branches, or any incorpo- 
 rated college in the State, without the previous permis- 
 sion, in writing, of his or her parent or guardian, or 
 the president or principal of such institution, nothing 
 shall be recovered therefor, and there shall, moreover, 
 be forfeited to the State, by the person giving such 
 credit, twenty dollars, and the amount or value of such 
 thing. When such selling, letting, lending or advanc- 
 ing is by an agent, such forfeitures shall be by his prin- 
 cipal, unless the principal shall within ten days after he 
 has knowledge or information of the selling, letting, 
 lending or advancing, give notice, in writing, of the 
 date, nature and amount thereof to the president or other 
 head of the institution, in which case the forfeiture shall 
 be by the agent. 
 
 II. All acts and parts of acts coming within the pur- 
 view of this chapter, and inconsistent therewith, are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 THE WEST VIRGINIA SCHOOLS FOR THE DEAF AND BLIND 
 
 [980. I. That the name of the West Virginia Institu- 
 tion tor the Deaf, Dumb and Blind be and the same is 
 hereby changed to that of "The West Virginia Schools Name, 
 for the Deaf and Blind. " 
 
 The board of regents for the West Virginia School? Board of 
 for the Deaf and Blind, shall be composed of nine mem- regents, 
 bers, whose term of office shall commence on the first 
 day of June, one thousand eight hundred and ninety- 
 seven. 
 
 The Governor shall on the tenth day of March, one Governor to 
 thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven, or as soon 
 thereafter as convenient, nominate, and by and with the 
 advice and consent of the Senate, appoint said nine re- 
 gents for said schools, but said regents shall be divided 
 into three classes of equal numbers and not more than 
 two regents in each class shall belong to the same polit- 
 ical party. Not more than one regent for the West 
 Virginia Schools for the Deaf and the Blind shall be ap- 
 pointed from any one county. 
 
 The term of office of the first-class shall re two years/ 
 of the second-class four years, and of the third-class six 
 years. 
 
 On the tenth day of March* one thousand eight hun- 
 dred and ninety-nine, or as soon thereafter as con- 
 nient, and every second year thereafter, the Governor 
 shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent 
 of the Senate, appoint ttiree regents for said schools, in 
 
90 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 place of the class wKose term expires in said year; and 
 the term of such regents shall commence on the first day 
 of April in the year of their appointment and continue 
 six years. The Governor may in like manner appoint 
 regents to fill any vacancy that may^occur in the board 
 of said schools, and any one appointed a regent by him 
 
 fill vacancies. , . ., ., ~ ?* , ,, , . ., 
 
 during the recess of the Senate, shall be a regent until 
 the next session of the Senate thereafter. 
 
 Said members shall constitute collectively a body cor- 
 porate with powers to rent, purchase and convey real 
 estate, and with all other powers necessary for the car- 
 rying on of the institution for the education of the deaf 
 and blind youth of West Virginia, established under the 
 act passed March third, eighteen hundred and seventy, 
 and to be known as "The Board of Regents of the West 
 Virginia Schools for the Deaf and the Blind." Said 
 board shall appoint one of their number as president, 
 and in case of his absence a president pro tern, shall ap- 
 point a secretary, and all orders, drafts or requisitions for 
 money from the State shall be signed by their secretary 
 and countersigned by the president. Said board shall 
 meet as hereinafter provided, and shall hold such other 
 meetings as they may think necessary. Extra meetings 
 may be called by the president or by any four members 
 of the board by notifying the other members of the time 
 . and place of the meeting and of the nature of the busi- 
 ness which renders an extra meeting necessary. A 
 majority of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the 
 transaction of all ordinary business, but the board may, 
 in its discretion, designate business of a nature to be 
 specified By it. which may be transacted by a stated num- 
 ber of regents less than a quorum. 
 
 n. It sliall be the duty of the principal under the di- 
 rection of the Board to superintend the affairs necessary 
 for the proper conduct of the institution, and to make 
 such general regulations as may ' be necessary for the 
 successful management of the same, and to purchase 
 such books and apparatus as may be necessary for the 
 efficient working the institution. 
 
 Teachers. ni. Said board shall appoint all necessary teachers 
 
 and assistants, and shall provide the furniture, fixtures, 
 apparatus and other things necessary for the comfort 
 and convenience of inmates of the institution. 
 
 IV. The said board may, when they deem it necessary 
 elect a steward: and the principal and matron shall re- 
 side in the institution, and the steward and teacher in or 
 Salaries. ne ar it. All salaries shall be fixed by the board of regents, 
 and shall be paid monthly or quarterly, as the board may 
 
 Quorum. 
 
 Principal. 
 
 Furniture 
 
 Ste-ward. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 91 
 
 deem proper, out of the fund appropriated by the legis- 
 lature. 
 
 ' V. The board of regents shall employ as visiting phy- visiting 
 sician of the institution, a physician of reputable stand- physi 
 ing in his profession, and it shall be his duty to render 
 all medical assistance necessary to its inmates, and fix 
 his salary, not to exceed three hundred dollars, to be paid 
 in the same manner as a teacher. 
 
 VI. The principal and steward shall give bond with Bond. 
 approved security in such amount as the board of 
 regents may direct, for the faithful discharge of their 
 respective duties. 
 
 VII. The board of regents shall prescribe such by- Rules and 
 laws, rules and regulations for the government and con- regul 
 duct of the institution under their charge as shall secure 
 
 the harmonious and efficent management of said institu- 
 tion in all its parts. They shall require such reports 
 from the principal, steward, matron and physician as in 
 their opinion the institution may demand, and they shall 
 annually, on or before the first day of December, report 
 to the Governor all the facts and circumstances in con- 
 nection with the conduct and progress of the institution, 
 with a careful statement of all the receipts and disburse- 
 ments of the same, and shall accompany their annual 
 report with such recommendations and suggestions as 
 will enable the State efficiently to foster and promote 
 the eiii Pi-prise of educating the deaf, dumb and blind 
 youth within its limits. The fiscal year of the institu- Fiscal yar. 
 tion shall end on the last day of September, and the ac- 
 counts of the institution shall be kept with reference to 
 said fiscal year: and there shall be an annual meeting of 
 said board on the third Thursday in October in each and 
 every year. 
 
 VIII. The board of. regents may provide in said insti- Admi8<!llon O j 
 tution accommodation for all the officers, assistants and pupils, 
 employees, and for all the deaf, dumb and blind youth 
 resident of the State of West Virginia who may apply 
 
 for admission to the said institution, between the ages of 
 eight and twenty-five years, and for such other deaf. 
 dumb and blind persons as may apply for admission as 
 paying pupils, under such regulations as said board may 
 direct, but all youth admitted must be of sound mind 
 and not afflicted with any contagious or offensive disease. 
 
 IX. All such deaf, dumb and blind youth residents Admission of 
 of the State of West Virginia between the ages of eight pupils - 
 and twenty-five years, shall be admitted to pupilage in 
 
 the institution on application to the principal ; until the 
 institution is filled, applicants shall be admitted in the 
 
92 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Charges. 
 
 Duty of 
 county 
 officers. 
 
 Term of 
 pupilage. 
 
 order of their application, and it shall be the duty of 
 the principal to keep a careful record of the names of 
 all pupils admitted With the dates of their admission and 
 discharge, their age, postoffice address, the name of their 
 parents or guardians, the degree, cause and circumstan- 
 ces of their deafness or blindness. 
 
 All such deaf, dumb and blind pupils shall be ad- 
 mitted as above directed without charge for board and 
 tuition; and when not otherwise provided with clothing 
 they shall be furnished by the institution while they 
 are pupils in the same, and the principal shall make out 
 an account therefor in each case against the respective 
 counties from which said pupils are sent, in an amount 
 not exceeding forty dollars per annum for every 
 such pupil, which account shall be certified by the 
 principal and countersigned by the secretary, and which 
 shall be transmitted by the principal to the Au- 
 ditor of the State, whose duty it shall be to transmit a 
 copy of the same to the clerks of the county courts of 
 the respective counties against which they are; and the 
 county court of such counties shall thereupon at their 
 next sessions, respectively, thereafter held for the pur-' 
 pose of making a county levy, include in such levy the 
 amount of said account against their counties, respect- 
 ively, and cause an order to issue on the sheriff of the 
 county in favor of the Auditor of the State, and cause 
 the same to be transmitted by the clerk of said court to 
 the Auditor, whose duty it shall be to collect the same 
 and place it to the credit of the institution, to be drawn 
 out upon requisition as a part of the current expenses 
 of said schools. If the same is not paid to the Auditor 
 by the respective counties from which they are due in 
 a reasonable time, it shall be the duty of the Auditor to 
 collect the same by law. 
 
 The term of pupilage shall be five years at least, and 
 for so much longer term as in the discretion of the 
 board and principal their condition and progress would 
 seem to justify. After all the applicants between the 
 prescribed ages of eight and twenty-five years have been 
 admitted, if there is still room, the principal may ad- 
 mit other deaf and dumb and blind persons upon appli- 
 cation who may be of suitable age to receive any ad- 
 vantage of the institution, and upon such terms as the 
 board may prescribe; but it shall be distinctly under- 
 stood that such persons shall withdraw from the institu- 
 tion in order of the dates of their admission to make 
 room for new applicants between the ages herein already 
 prescribed. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST- VIRGINIA 93 
 
 X. The course of instruction in the institution shall Course of 
 
 be prescribed by the board of regents with the advice 
 of the principal, and shall be as extensive both in the 
 intellectual, musical and mechanical departments, as the 
 capacities and interests of the pupils may require. 
 
 XI. In addition to their other duties the assessors of Assessors' 
 the State are hereby required to register in a book, to re 
 be furbished them by the Auditor for the purpose, the 
 name of all the deaf and the blind persons in their 
 respective districts, with the degree and cause of deaf- 
 ness and blindness in each case as far as can be ascer- 
 tained from the heads of families, or from other persons 
 whom the assessors may conveniently consult, their ages, 
 the names of their parents or guardians, their postoffice 
 address, and such other circumstances as may constitute 
 useful statistical information in making the said institu- 
 tion promptly efficient in ameliorating the condition of 
 the deaf and the blind by education. They shall com- 
 plete the registration as early as possible, in the first 
 annual assessment after the passage of this act, and shall 
 forward their report directly to the Auditor, who shall if 
 practicable before the first day of July, or as soon there- 
 after as possible, make an alphabetical abstract of all 
 the facts furnished him by the assessors' reports, and 
 shall send the same by mail to the principal of the West 
 Virginia schools for the deaf and the blind, and said 
 principal is hereby further required to put himself in 
 immediate correspondence with all the deaf and blind 
 persons, of suitable age and condition, mentioned in the 
 Auditor's abstract, with a view to their admission as registration 
 pupils into the West Virginia schools for the deaf and l!i 
 the blind. 
 
 The assessors shall receive for the extra duties hereby 
 imposed, the same compensation as is now allowed them 
 for the registration of births and deaths, and shall be 
 liable to the same penalties for failure to discharge these 
 duties.] 
 
 THE WEST VIRGINIA COLORED INSTITUTE 
 
 98&. An act accepting the provisions of the act of Con- 
 gress, approved August thirtieth, eighteen hundred and 
 ninety, entitled "And act to apply a portion of the pro- 
 .ceeds of the public lands to the more complete endow- 
 ment and support of the colleges for- the benefit of agri- 
 culture and the mechanic arts, established under the 
 provisions of an act of Congress, approved July second, 
 eighteen hundred and sixty-two," and providing for the 
 apportionment of said endowment according to the pro- 
 visions of said aot. 
 
94 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 WHEREAS, The Congress of the United States of 
 America, by an act approved August thirtieth, eighteen 
 hundred and ninety, entitled, ' ' An act to apply a portion 
 of the proceeds of the public lands to the more complete 
 endowment and support of the colleges for the benefit 
 of agriculture and the mechanic arts, established under 
 the provisions of an act of Congress approved July sec- 
 ond, eighteen hundred and sixty-two," made an appro- 
 priation to each state and territory of fifteen thousand 
 dollars for the year ending June thirtieth, eighteen hun- 
 dred and ninety; and an annual increase of said appro- 
 Act of cc n- priation thereafter for ten years by the additional sum 
 gres<?. of one thousand dollars over the preceding year, after 
 
 which time the annual amount so appropriated will be 
 twenty-five thousand dollars for the more complete 
 endowment and maintenance of the colleges established 
 under the act of Congress last aforesaid, "to be applied 
 only to instruction in agriculture, the mechanic arts, the 
 English language, and the various branches of mathe- 
 matical, physical, natural and economic science, with 
 special reference to their- application in the industries 
 of life; and to the facilities for such instruction," and 
 
 WHEREAS, By a proviso in said act no State can ob- 
 tain the benefits thereof, where facilities are not pro- 
 vided for the instruction of colored students in said 
 branches of study, either in the same institution or in 
 separate institutions, and the legislatures of the several 
 states are required to make an equitable division of said 
 annual appropriation where such separate institutions 
 are provided, and report the same to the Secretary of 
 the Interior, and 
 
 WHEREAS, The Constitution of the State of West 
 Virginia forbids the education of white and colored 
 youths in the same State schools, and this State having 
 heretofore made no provision for the separate education 
 of colored youth in agricultural and the mechanic arts; 
 and the enumeration of the white and colored youths of 
 this State, of school age, being about 250,000 white and 
 12,000 colored, it being the duty of this State to indi- 
 cate a reasonable proportion of said appropriations to 
 be set apart annually for the instruction of the colored 
 youth of the State, the sum of $3,000 is hereby indicated 
 as an equitable portion of said appropriations for five' 
 years from the date of the passage of this act, and after 
 that time $5,000 as long as such appropriation continues ; 
 and 
 
 WHEREAS, By. the terms of the said act of Congress 
 of the Uunited States, approved August thirtieth, 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF A\'EST VIRGINIA 95 
 
 eighteen hundred and ninety, it is necessary, in order to 
 enable this State to share in the .appropriations so made 
 and to be made under the provisions of said last recited 
 act, for the legislature to accept of the provisions of 
 said act for and on behalf of this State, and to make 
 proper and suitable provisions for said act upon which 
 this State will be entitled to her distributable share of 
 said appropriations, and to designate the N institutions of 
 learning to become the beneficiaries of said appropria- 
 tions, and the officer of this State to whom the money 
 shall be paid by the United States for the use of said 
 beneficiaries. Therefore, 
 
 Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia : 
 
 I. The Legislature of the State of West Virginia 
 hereby accepts for said State, the terms and provisions 
 of the said act of the Congress of the United State? 
 approved August thirtieth, eighteen hundred and 
 ninety, for the objects and purposes mentioned and 
 declared therein, and designates "The West Virginia 
 University," established in pursuance of the Act of 
 the Congress of the United States passed July 2, 1862. 
 and a subsequent act passed by said Congress on April 
 19, 1864, at Morgantown, in the county of Monongalia 
 in this State, as the beneficiary of said appropriation for 
 the instruction of white students, and an institution to 
 !<> locate I and provided for the purpose as hereinafter 
 
 and directed in the county of Kanawha, to be 
 ''The West Virginia. Colored Institute," for the 
 rii'iiirv of said appropriation for the instruction of 
 colored students to be paid to each in the proportion 
 mentioned in the preamble to this act. And the said 
 institution by the name of "The West Virginia Colored 
 Institute." shall have and hold all the property, funds. 
 rights, powers and privileges hereinafter mentioned. 
 
 II. For the government and control of said institute 
 there shall be a. board of regents, consisting of the State 
 Superintendent of Free Schools and six other competent 
 persons, not more than four of whom shall belong to the 
 same political party, to be called the "Regents of the 
 West Virginia Colored Institute," and as such board 
 they may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, and 
 have a common seal. The governor shall, between the 
 
 ifteenth day of March and the fifteenth day of May, in 
 the year nineteen hundred and one, and every four years 
 thereafter, nominate and, by and with the* advice and 
 consent of the Senate, appoint said six regents, whose 
 term of office shall begin on the first day of June next 
 following their appointment, and continue for four vears 
 
96 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Regents to 
 
 establish 
 
 departments. 
 
 Rules and 
 regulations. 
 
 State Treas- 
 urer to re- 
 ceive grants. 
 
 and until their successors are appointed and qualified. 
 Vacancy in the office of regent shall be filled by appoint- 
 ment by the governor for the unexpired term. The term 
 of office of the regents now in office shall expire on the 
 thirty-first day of May, nineteen hundred and one. Said 
 board shall have the care, custody and control of the 
 property and funds of the Institute, and may accept from 
 any person or persons, gifts of money or property for the 
 use of said institute; and all such money and property 
 when so received by them, shall be held in trust by them 
 for the use and benefit of the Institute, and applied there- 
 to as the donors may have directed, and if no such direc- 
 tions have been given, as a majority of the regents may 
 determine. 
 
 III. The board of regents shall from time to time 
 establish such departments of education in literature, 
 science, art and agriculture, not inconsistent with the 
 terms of the several acts of Congress hereinbefore re- 
 ferred to as they deem expedient, and as the funds under 
 their control will warrant, and purchase suah materials, 
 implements, and apparatus, as may be requisite to the 
 proper instruction of said colored students in all said 
 Branches of learning as to carry out the intent and pur- 
 purposes of said acts of Congress. 
 
 IV. The said board shall establish and declare such 
 rules, regulations and by-laws, not inconsistent with the 
 laws of the United States or of this State, as they may 
 deem necessary for the proper organization, the tuition 
 of the students and the good government of the insti- 
 tute, and the protection of the property belonging there- 
 to. All reasonable expenses incurred by said regents 
 in the discharge of their duties hereby imposed upon 
 them shall be allowed by the Governor and paid out of 
 the treasury of the State, in like manner as other charges 
 on the treasury are paid. 
 
 V. The Treasurer of this State is hereby designated 
 as the officer to receive from the Secretary of the Treas- 
 ury of the United States the said several sums of money 
 so to be paid to this State aforesaid, for the uses and 
 purposes aforesaid. He shall keep an exact account of 
 tke moneys so received, and shall place to the credit of 
 each of said beneficiaries thereof, its due proportion of 
 the same. The sums so placed to the credit of the West 
 Virginia University shall be paid out by him on the or- 
 der of the board of regents thereof, and the sums so 
 placed to the credit of the West Virginia Colored In- 
 stitute, shall be paid out by him on the orders of the board 
 of regents of said institute. And said treasurer shall 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 97 
 
 include in his biennial report to the Governor a state- 
 ment of his receipts and disbursements under the pro- 
 visions of this act. 
 
 VI. It shall be the duty of the board of the school Site and 
 fund to proceed with all reasonable dispatch to procure buildings. 
 the ncessary quantity of farming land not exceeding 
 
 fifty acres in all in some suitable and proper locality in 
 the county of Kanawha, with a title thereto clear and 
 unquestionable, and to erect the necessary buildings and 
 make the necessary improvements thereon, for the pur- 
 poses of this act, and to comply in good faith with the 
 terms and conditions, and to carry into effect the objects 
 and purposes of the acts of Congress in making said 
 appropriations. 
 
 VII. And in order to enable said board to perform Ten thougand 
 the duties required of them by this act, the sum of ten dollars to 
 thousand dollars is hereby appropriated and placed this act. 
 
 at their disposal, payable out of any money in the treas- 
 ury not otherwise appropriated: Provided, That said 
 board may in their discretion borrow the said sum of 
 ten thousand dollars from the " school fund" mentioned 
 in section 4 of article XII of the Constitution of this 
 State, at six per cent, interest per annum, and execute the 
 bonds of the State therefor, payable with interest as 
 aforesaid, not more than ten years from the date thereof. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA REFORM SCHOOL 
 
 [98c. I. An institution to be called "The West Vir- Reform 
 ginia Reform School," is hereby established, and shall School, 
 hereafter be carried on in a suitable building or build- 
 ings for the purpose, to be erected by the State at such 
 locality as may be selected in accordance with this act. 
 This institution shall be under the control of a board of 
 directors hereinafter provided for. 
 
 II. The board of directors shall consist of seven mem- Boardof 
 bers, not more than five of whom shall belong to the same directors, 
 political party. The Governor shall, on the tenth day of 
 March, one thousand nine hundred and one, or as soon 
 thereafter as convenient, and every four years thereafter, 
 nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the 
 senate, appoint said seven directors, whose term of office 
 shall begin on the first of May, next following their ap- 
 pointment, and continue for four years and until their 
 successors are appointed and qualified. Any vacancy in 
 the board shall be filled by appointment by the Governor 
 in like manner, for the unexpired term/ The term of 
 office of the directors now in office shall expire on the 
 thirtieth day of April, nineteen hundred and one. 
 
98 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 President. 
 
 Quorum. 
 
 Rules and 
 regulations. 
 
 Directors' 
 report. 
 
 Manner of 
 commitment. 
 
 III. The board of directors shall bienially choose one 
 of their body to be president of the board, and in his 
 absence shall choose a president pro tempore. A major- 
 ity of the board shall constitute a quorum, but the board 
 may in its discretion designate business, of a nature ny 
 it to be specified, which may be transacted by a stated 
 number of directors less than a quorum. 
 
 TV. The board of directors shall make such by-laws, 
 ordinances, rules and regulations relative to the manage- 
 ment, government, instruction, discipline, training, 
 employment and disposition of the minors in the reform 
 school, not contrary to law, as they may deem proper, 
 and shall appoint such officers, agents and servants as 
 they may deem necessary to transact the business and 
 carry on the operation of said reform school, and may 
 designate their 'duties. 
 
 V. The board of directors shall make an annual re- 
 port to the Governor of all their transactions, of the 
 number of minors received by them into said reform 
 school, the disposition which shall be made of such 
 minors, by instructing or employing them therein or by 
 binding them out as apprentices; the receipts and ex- 
 penditures of said board of directors, and generally all 
 such facts and particulars as may tend to exhibit the 
 effect, whether beneficial or otherwise of said reform 
 school. 
 
 VI. The manner of receiving inmates into the West 
 Virginia Reform School shall be in either of the follow- 
 ing modes, namely: 
 
 First. Male minors under the age of sixteen years 
 may be committed by a justice of the peace of any of 
 the counties in the State, on complaint and due proof 
 made it manifestly requisite that from regard for the 
 such minor, that by reason of incorrigible or vicious 
 conduct, such minor has rendered his control beyond the 
 power of such parent, guardian or next friend, and 
 made it manifestly requisite that from regard for the 
 morals and future welfare of such minor and the peace 
 and order of society, he should be placed in the West Vir- 
 ginia Reform School. 
 
 Second. Male minors under the age of sixteen years 
 may be committed by the authority aforesaid, when 
 complaint and due proof have been made that such 
 minor is a proper subject for said reform school by 
 reason of vagrancy or of incorrigible or vicious conduct, 
 and that from the moral depravitv or otherwise of the 
 parent, guardian or next friend, in whose custody such 
 minor may be, such parent, guardian or next friend is 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 99 
 
 incapable or unwilling to exercise proper care and dis- 
 cipline over such incorrigible or vicious minor. 
 
 Third. Such male minors under the age of sixteen 
 years as their parents, guardian or next friend may 
 desire to place therein for temporary restraint and dis- 
 cipline, where parents, guardian or next friend shall 
 agree and contract with the board of directors for their 
 support and maintenance. 
 
 And fourth. Male minors committed by the several .. 
 
 /no* '-ii-i i 11 fit- Male minors 
 
 courts of the State, as provided by section 7 of this committed, 
 chapter. 
 
 VII. Whenever any male minor, under the age of six- 
 teen years, shall be convicted in any of the courts of 
 this State of a felony or of a misdemeanor, punishable 
 by imprisonment, the judge of said court in his -discre- 
 tion, and with reference to the character of the reform 
 school as a place of reform and not of punishment, 
 instead of sentencing said minor to be confined in the 
 penitentiary or county jail, may order him to be re- 
 moved to and confined in the said reform school, to remain 
 until he shall have arrived at the age of twenty-one 
 years, unless sooner discharged or bound as an appren- 
 tice by the board of directors; but no such boy shall be 
 retained in said school after the superintendent shall 
 have reported him, and he has been found by the board 
 or its executive committee, to be fully reformed. Male 
 minors under sixteen years of age, convicted in any of 
 the courts of the United States for the district of West 
 Virginia, or of any offense punishable by imprisonment, 
 may also be received into said reform school upon such 
 regulation, and such terms as to their maintenance and 
 support, as may be prescribed by the board of directors, 
 and assented to by the proper authorities of the United 
 States. And in all cases, before any minor is transferred 
 to said reform school, due notice shall be given to the 
 superintendent and an answer received from him that 
 there is room in the reform school for such minor. 
 
 VIII. It shall be the duty of the justice of the peace Data to be 
 when committing a minor to said reform school under annexed to 
 the first and second clauses of section six of this chap- 
 
 ter, in addition to the commitment, to annex to said com- 
 mitment the names and residences of the different wit- 
 nesses examined before him, and the substance of the tes- 
 timony given by them respectively, on which the adjudi- 
 cation was found. 
 
 IX. In all proceedings before justices of the peace for Guardian arf 
 commitment of minors to the said reform school under mem. 
 
 the first and second clauses of section six of this chap- 
 
100 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 ter, the justice shall appoint some discreet and disinter- 
 ested person guardian ad litem for such minor, whose 
 duty it shall be to represent the interest of said minor 
 and see that no injustice is done him : and the guardian 
 ad litem of said minor shall have the right to demand a 
 jury of twelve men to try the truth of the charges made 
 against said minor, and said jury shall be selected and 
 said trial shall be conducted in the same manner as 
 is provided by law for the trial of criminal cases before 
 justices by juries. And said guardian ad litem or said 
 minor shall have the same right of appeal from any 
 final decision rendered against said minor in any such 
 proceedings, whether upon a trial by jury or otherwise, 
 1 as is allowed by law in other criminal cases tried before 
 
 justices. 
 
 Mate ^ inmates x The West Virginia Reform School shall be exclu- 
 sively charged with the reformation and care of male 
 minors, but white and colored inmates shall be kept sep- 
 arate. 
 
 be h bound?ut v XI. The board of directors shall have power to bind 
 prentices. ou ^ male children committed to their care, with the con- 
 sent of such children, as apprentices during their minor- 
 ity to such person and place, whether in or out of the 
 State, and to learn some proper trade and employment 
 as in the judgment of said board will be most conducive 
 to the reformation and future benefit and advantage of 
 such children, and the indentures by which said children 
 shall be bound, shall contain the covenants and provis- 
 ions prescribed by chapter eighty-one of the Code of 
 West Virginia, relating to master and apprentices, and 
 all the provisions of said chapter shall apply to appren- 
 tices bound under this section, so far as applicable. 
 ! XII. A commission consisting of the State Superin- 
 tendent of Free Schools, and one member from each 
 Congressional district of the State to be appointed by 
 the Governor, shall within four months after this act 
 becomes in force as a law, select such locality as it may 
 deem best as the site for the West Virginia Reform 
 School, and procure a good title to such site, and report 
 their action to the Governor as soon as such se- 
 lection is made and the title procured. And as soon as 
 practicable after said report is made to the Governor, 
 the "board of directors" herein provided for, shall con- 
 tract for and cause to be constructed on the said site, 
 such building or buildings as may be needed in carrying 
 out the provisions of this act. Provided, That the sum 
 to be expended for said site and for constructing said 
 building, shall at no time exceed the appropriation for 
 said purpose. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA* 
 
 101 
 
 XIII. The sum of five thousand dollars" 'to -t/e : p 
 
 out of the State fund for the fiscal year ending Sep tern- and buildings, 
 ber 30, 1889. and five thousand dollars to be paid out of 
 the State fund for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
 1890, is hereby appropriated out of any money in the 
 treasury not otherwise appropriated to be used in pro- 
 curing said site for said Reform School, and in provid- 
 ing suitable buildings and accommodations for the same, 
 and in carrying on said Reform School when establish- 
 ed; and the reasonable expenses of the commissioners 
 herein provided for, selecting a site for the said Reform 
 School shall be allowed and paid out of said money here- 
 by appropriated. 
 
 XIV. Every bnv sent to the reform school shall remain Boys to re- 
 ,., , ,. main till of 
 
 until he is twenty-one years of age, unless sooner dis- age or 
 charged or bound as an apprentice by the board of direc- l ' eformetL 
 tors; But no boy shall be retained after he has been re- 
 ported by the superintendent and found by the board or 
 executive committee to be fully reformed; Provided, That criminal boys 
 in any case where a boy is committed to the reform 
 school for an offense punishable by confinement in the tiary. 
 penitentiary, and it is found by the board of directors 
 that the reform school is unable to benefit such boy, and 
 tliMt his presence is ,-i t'eirimt'iit < r menace to other boys 
 in the institution, or to the general good of the school, 
 he may be securely returned to the court which sentenced 
 him, and said court shall thereupon pass such sentence 
 upon him as to confinement in the penitentiary as may 
 be pn per in ihe nn>mNe-:. < r n^ : il should have done had 
 it not sentenced him to the reform school. 
 
 And the governor shall have power, when in the judg- , 
 
 Governor 
 may 
 
 ment of the warden of the penitentiary and the superin- 
 tendent of the reform school it is advisable, to remit the 
 penalty of any youthful offender, under Ihe age of six- 
 teen years, confined in the penitentiary, to a sentence to 
 the reform school. 
 
 CV. If any nersen shall entice, or attempt to entice. Persons as- 
 away from the reform school any boy legally committed Satefi?" 
 to the same: OT shall aid or abet any boy to escape from gJalf 1 ^' &C " 
 said reform school; or shall harbor, conceal, or aid or be guilty of 
 ab^t in harboring or concealing-, any boy who shall have 
 escaped therefrom ; or shall, without the permission of the 
 superintendent, give or sell, or aid or abet any other per- 
 son to give or sell, to anv boy in said reform school, 
 whether on the premises of said institution or otherwise, 
 any money, firearms, intoxicating drinl^ tobacco, cigar- 
 ettes, or other article whatsoever; or sfiall in any way 
 cause or influence, or attempt to cause or influence, cr 
 
102 
 
 '"' StHoVr/i/Aw OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Officers to 
 arrest. 
 
 Fees and 
 charges. 
 
 tnsfein, any boy in said reform school to vio- 
 late any rule of the institution or to rebel against the gov- 
 ernment of said school in any particular ; or shall receive 
 by the hands of any such boy anything of value, whether 
 belonging to the State or otherwise : such person shall 
 be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon convic- 
 tion therefor, shall be fined not less than ten nor more 
 than one hundred dollars, or be confined not more than 
 twelve months in the county jail, or both fined and im- 
 prisoned as aforesaid, as the court may deem proper. 
 
 And the superintendent, or any of his assistants, or any 
 one authorized in writing by him, or any sheriff, con- 
 stable, policeman, or other peace officer, shall have power* 
 and it is hereby made his duty, to arrest any boy, when 
 in his power to do so, who shall have escaped from said 
 school, and return him thereto. 
 
 XVI. Justices and constables and juries shall have 
 the same fees in the proceedings for the commitment of 
 boys to the reform school as are allowed by law for 
 similar services in other criminal cases, and such fees 
 shall be audited by the county court of the county, and 
 paid out of the county treasury. For transporting a 
 boy to the reform school the officer having him in charge 
 shall be allowed five cents for each mile of necessary 
 travel, either in going or returning: and said costs of 
 transportation in case the boy has been convicted of a 
 felony shall be paid out of the State treasury in the same 
 manner that other criminal charges are paid out of said 
 treasury; and in case the boy has been convicted of a 
 misdemeanor, or been committed by a justice, said costs 
 of transportation shall be paid out of the treasury of the 
 county, from which said boy is committed, in the same 
 manner as other criminal charges are paid out of the 
 treasuries of the counties. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Appropria- 
 tion. 
 
 PREPARATORY BRANCH OF THE WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 
 AT MONTGOMERY, FAYETTE COUNTY 
 
 1. There shall be established a school at Montgomery, 
 in the county of Fayette, to be called the Preparatory 
 Branch of the West Virginia University, by which 
 name it shall have and hold all the properly, funds, in- 
 vestments, rights, powers and privileges granted by this 
 act. by bequest, private subscriptions, donation or 
 otherwise. 
 
 2. It being estimated that the sum of ten thousand 
 dollars will be needed for the purpose of the erection of 
 suitable buildings and the purchase of a site for said 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF AVEST VIRGINIA 103 
 
 school, therefore the sum of five thousand dollars pay- 
 able out of the revenues of this fiscal year, one thousand 
 eight hundred and ninety-five, is hereby appropriated 
 out of any money in the treasury, to be expended under 
 the directions of the board of regents of said school for 
 said purpose. 
 
 For the government and control of said school there Regents, 
 shall be a board of regents consisting of the state super- 
 intendent of free schools and the members of the board 
 of regents of the West Virginia University. As such 
 they may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, con- 
 tract and be contracted with and have a common seal. 
 
 3. Said board shall have all the powers to act and Power* of 
 shall act and be controlled according to and under the regentB - 
 laws of chapter forty-five of the code of West Virginia, 
 governing the board of regents of the West Virginia 
 University, except as herein limited by this act. 
 
 4. Said board of regents shall as soon as this act takes Boardito let 
 , let the contract ;md provide for the erection of contract.. 
 
 suitable buildings upon the site selected and furnished 
 for said school by the citizens of, the town of Mont- 
 gomery, Fayette county. Said buildings to be com- 
 pleted and said school opened not later than the first day 
 of September, one thousand eight hundred and ninety- 
 six. Said board shall provide suitable books, furniture 
 and apparatus necessary for the successful operation of 
 said school, all of which shall be paid for as herein pro- 
 vided. 
 
 5. That the property in all grounds, buildings and p rop erty 
 improvements erected under the provisions of this act, 
 
 shall be vested in the board of regents of said school, to 
 be used and controlled, as in like manner, is the prop- 
 erty of the West Virginia University used and controlled 
 by its said board of regents. 
 
 6. There shall be taught in said school such branches 
 of learning as are taught in the preparatory department 
 of the West Virginia University and in the normal 
 schools of this State; but no student shall receive in- 
 struction free of tuition in any of the branches herein 
 designated, except as to sneh as are taught free in the 
 preparatory department of the University of West Vir- 
 ginia. 
 
 7. It shall be the duty of the said board of regents to Teachers, 
 employ and fix the salaries of a sufficient ancl competent 
 
 corps of teachers and other necessary officers. Said 
 teachers and officers to be paid as is provided by law 
 for the payment of teachers and officers of the West -Vir- 
 ginia University. 
 
104 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Tuition. 
 
 Tuition, etc.; 
 how applied. 
 
 g^ AII students of this or other States desiring to 
 take other branches of study than those designated in 
 said preparatory courses. or take other course of study 
 in said school shall pay such tuition as shall be herein- 
 after fixed by the faculty of said school. 
 
 9. All money arising from tuition, matriculation fees 
 Qr ^herwise coming into the hands of the treasurer of 
 said school shall be used and applied to the payment of 
 the teachers' salaries and other liabilities of said school. 
 
 BLUEPIELD COLORED INSTITUTE 
 
 Name. 
 
 Board of 
 Regents. 
 
 f'owe'-s of 
 board. 
 
 Provisions 
 for school. 
 
 1. There shall be established a school at Blue-field, 
 county of Mercer, to be called "Bluefield Colored Insti- 
 tute/' by which name it shall have and hold all the 
 property, funds, investments, rights, powers and privi- 
 leges created by this act, by bequest, private subscrip- 
 tion, donation or otherwise. 
 
 2. For the government and control of said institute 
 there shall be a board of regents consisting of the State 
 Superintendent of Free Schools and five other persons, 
 not more than three of said five persons shall belong to 
 the same political party. Said board shall be a brdv cor- 
 porate under the style of ' ' Board of Regents of the Blue- 
 field Colored Institute." and as such may sue and be 
 sued, pleaol and be impleaded, contract and be contracted 
 with, and have and use a common seal. The Governor 
 shall, between the fifteenth day of March and the fif- 
 teenth day of May, in the year nineteen hundred and one, 
 and every four years thereafter, nominate and, by and 
 with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint said 
 five regents, whose term of office shall begin on the first 
 day of June next after their appointment and continue 
 for four years and until their successors are appointed 
 and qualified. A vacancy in the office of regent shall be 
 filled by appointment by the Governor for the unexpired 
 term. The compensation of said regents shall be the same 
 as that provided for the regents of the West Virginia 
 Colored Institute. The term of office of the regents now 
 in office shall expire on the thirty-first day of May. nine- 
 teen hundred and one. 
 
 3. Said boards shall have all the powers to act, and 
 shall act and be controlled according to and under the 
 laws governing the board of regents of the normal 
 schools of this State, except as here limited by this act. 
 
 4. The said board of regents shall, as soon as this act 
 take's effect, let the contract and provide for a suitable 
 building upon the site selected for said school by the 1 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 105 
 
 said board of regents, said building to be completed and 
 said school opened not later than the first day of Sep- 
 tember, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-six. 
 Said board shall provide suitable books, furnitue and 
 apparatus necessary for the operation of said school, all 
 of which shall be paid for as hereinafter provided. 
 
 5. The property and all grounds and improve- Property, 
 ments erected under the provisions of this act, shall be 
 vested in the board of regents of said school, td be used 
 
 and controlled in like manner as the property of the 
 normal school and branches is usecl and controlled by its 
 said board of regents. 
 
 6. There shall be taught in said .school such branches 
 of learning as are taught in the preparatory department 
 of the West Virginia University and in the normal 
 schools of this State, but no student shall receive in- 
 struction free of tuition in any of the branches here 
 designated except as provided in section ninety-six of 
 chapter forty-five of the Code of West Virginia, and as 
 to such as -are taught free in the preparatory depart- 
 ment of the University of West Virginia. 
 
 7. It shall be the duty of the said board of regents to 
 empiov and fix the salaries of a sufficient and compe- 
 tent corps of teachers and other necessary officers, such 
 teachers and officers to be paid as is provided By law for 
 the payment of teachers and officers of the normal 
 schools of this State. The said salaries To be paid out 
 of any moneys in the State treasury not otherwise ap- 
 portioned. , . . 
 
 8. All students of this State desiring to take other 
 branches of studies than those designated in said pre- 
 paratory course or takinsr other courses of study in 
 said school, shall pay such tuition a? shall hereafter be 
 fixer] by the faculty of said school. 
 
 9. All students from other states shall be required to 
 pay such tuition as shall Be designated by the said Board 
 of regents. 
 
 10. All money arising- from tuition, matriculation fees 
 or otherwise, coming into the hands of the treasurer of 
 said school, shall Be used and applied to the payment of 
 teachers' salaries and other liabilities of said school. 
 
 KKVSKK I'RKl'AKATOUY BRANCH OF THE WEST VIRGINIA 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 I. There shall be established at Keyser, in the county Name> 
 of Mineral a school to be called the " Keyser Preparatory 
 Branch of the West Virginia University," By which name 
 it shall hold all the property, funds, investments, rights, 
 
106 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OP WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Appropria- 
 tion. 
 
 Board of 
 Regents. 
 
 Counties 
 represented 
 on board. 
 
 Building. 
 
 Property 
 Tested in 
 board. 
 
 powers granted and may receive and hold by bequest 
 private subscriptions., donations or otherwise money and 
 other property. 
 
 II. It being estimated that the sum of twenty thou- 
 sand dollars will be needed for the purpose of erecting 
 suitable buildings for said school, therefore, the sum of 
 seven thousand five hundred dollars is hereby appropri- 
 ated out of the revenues of the fiscal year, one thousand 
 nine hundred and one, and the sum of twelve thousand 
 five hundred dollars out of the revenues of the fiscal year 
 one thousand nine hundred and two, is hereby appro- 
 priated out of any money in the treasury to be expended 
 under the directions of the board of regents of said 
 school for said purpose. For the government and control 
 of said school, there shall be a board of regents consist- 
 ing of six members, who shall be appointed by the Gov- 
 ernor; not more than four of whom shall be of the same 
 political party, and who/ with the State Superintendent 
 of Free Schools, who shall be ex-officio member shall con- 
 stitute said board; two of the members of said board of 
 regents shall hold their office for the term of two years, 
 beginning the first day of June, 1901 ; two for the term 
 of four years and two for the term of six years. Vacan- 
 cies occurring in the board shall be filled by the Governor 
 as they occur. 
 
 Tne members of said board shall be appointed from the 
 citizens of Mineral, Grant, Hardy, Morgan, Pendleton, 
 Tucker, Preston and Hampshire counties, and before en- 
 tering upon the discharge of their duties, the members of 
 the board shall take an oath to faithfully discharge their 
 duties. The said board shall be known as the board of 
 regents of the "Keyser Preparatory Branch of the West 
 Virginia University/' by which name said board shall 
 sue and be sued, make contracts, receive and hold real 
 and personal property as aforesaid. 
 
 III. Said board of regents shall as soon as practicable 
 after this Act takes effect, contract and provide for the 
 erection of suitable buildings upon the site selected and 
 furnished for said school by the town of Keyser, in Min- 
 eral county. Said buildings to be completed and said 
 school opened by the first day of October, 1902. Said 
 board shall provide suitable books, furniture and appa- 
 ratus necessary for the successful operation of said school. 
 All of which shall be paid for as herein provided. 
 
 IV. That the property, buildings and improvements 
 erected under the provisions of this Act, shall be vested 
 in the board of regents of said school, to be used and con- 
 trolled for the purposes of this Act. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 107 
 
 V. There shall be taught in said school such branches 
 of learning as are taught in the Preparatory Department 
 of the West Virginia University and in the Normal 
 Schools of this State, including mechanics and such other 
 branches as shall fit the pupils for useful trades and call- 
 
 ings. But no student shall receive instruction free of tui- Tuition. 
 tion in any of the branches herein designated, except as 
 to such as are taught free in the Preparatory Department 
 of the West Virginia University. 
 
 VI. It shall be the duty of said board of regents to ? e a a?nerl of 
 employ and fix the salaries of a sufficient and competent 
 
 corps of teachers and officers, to be paid as provided by 
 law, and as directed by said board of regents. 
 
 VII. All students of this or other States desiring to 
 
 take other branches than those designated in said pre- tuition. 
 paratory course, or to take other courses of study in said 
 school, shall pay such tuition as shall be fixed by the 
 board of regents. 
 
 VIII. All money arising from tuition, matriculation Money, how 
 fees or otherwise coming into the hands of the treasurer us 
 
 of said school, shall be used and applied to the payment 
 of the teachers salaries, and other liabilities of said 
 school. 
 
 IX. No part of this appropriation provided for in this K 
 Act shall be expended in the construction of buildings, 
 providing furniture for said school, nor be used for that 
 purpose until the board of regents shall certify to the 
 Auditor that the town of Keyser, or the citizens thereof, 
 have donated to the board for the purposes of this Act 
 at least the sum of five thousand dollars, in land, money 
 or other property. 
 
 X. And the Auditor is hereby authorized to draw his 
 warrant on the Treasurer of this State, payable to th n 
 treasurer appointed by said board, for the money appro- 
 priated by this act when payable according to the terms 
 of this Act. 
 
 XI. The board of regents of said school shall have 
 power to appoint a treasurer, and require him to give Treasurer 
 bond, with good security to be approved by said board, secretary and 
 and also a secretary, to appoint an executive committee 
 
 of not more than three persons, citizens of Keyser, to 
 have the care, control and management of said school, 
 under the order and direction of the board of regents. 
 
 XII. The members of the board of regents shall re- 
 ceive three dollars per day for the time actually employed board. 
 by them and their actual expenses while attending the 
 meetings of the board, which shall be verified by oath. 
 
108 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 UXCODIFIED LAWS 
 
 Optional 
 text book. 
 
 Davies' "Facts in Civil Government" be, and the same 
 is 'hereby made a supplementary and optional text-book 
 for use in the free schools of the State, the same to con- 
 tain the constitution of West Virginia. The price at 
 which such book shall be furnished to be 55 cents per 
 copy. 
 
 The boards of education throughout the State, out of 
 the building funds of their districts may provide for the 
 purchase of a United States Flag, four by six feet of 
 regulation bunting, for each school house in their district 
 and require the same to be displayed over the school 
 house during, the time the school is in session. 
 
 The trustees of such school district shall, in ac- 
 cordance with the direction of the board of education, 
 place such flag over the school house in their school dis- 
 trict at the beginning of the school term therein, and 
 said trustees shall cause the teachers to keep said flag so 
 displayed during the time the school is in session, except 
 that on stormy or inclement days, said flag shall not be 
 so displayed, if in the judgment of said teacher such in- 
 clement weather would be destructive of said flag. 
 
 Election days All election days shall be legal holidays throughout 
 the district or municipality in which the election is held 
 
 Boards may 
 
 purchase 
 
 flags. 
 
 Trustees to 
 keep flags 
 displayed. 
 
 Holidays 
 designated. 
 
 The following named days be regarded, treated and 
 observer! as legal holidays, viz: The first day jf 
 January, commonly called "New Year's Day;" the twen- 
 ty-second day of February, commonly called "Washing- 
 ton's Birth Day:" the fourth day of July, commonly 
 called "Independence Day;" the thirtieth day of May, 
 commonly called "Memorial Day;" the twenty-fifth day 
 of December, commonly called "Christmas Day:" the 
 first Monday in September, commonly called "Labor 
 Day;" any national or state election day, and all days 
 that may be appointed or recommended by the Governor 
 of this State or the President of the United States as days 
 of thanksgiving, or for the general cessation of business: 
 and when either of said days or dates falls on Sunday, 
 then it sTTall be lawful to observe the succeeding Monday 
 as such holiday: Provider!, that when the return day of 
 any summons or other court proceeding, or any notice, or 
 the time fixed for holding any court, or doing any official 
 act, shall fall on either of said holidays, the next ensuing 
 secular dav shall be taken as meant and intended. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 ORDER OF PROCEEDINGS AT THE FIRST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD 
 AFTER THEIR ELECTION 
 
 [See Section 8.] 
 
 1. Appoint a secretary. 
 
 2. Appoint one trustee for each sub-district. 
 
 3. Determine the number of months the schools shall be taught 
 in the district during the school year. 
 
 4. Determine the number of teachers that may be employed in 
 the sub-districts, allowing at least one for each school house. 
 
 5. Fix the salaries of teachers according to the grade of certifi- 
 cate. 
 
 6. Estimate the number of teachers of each grade that will be 
 employed. 
 
 7. Ascertain the whole number of months to be taught in the 
 district by teachers of each grade. 
 
 8. Determine the aggregate amount of money necessary to pay 
 all the teachers. 
 
 9. Ascertain the unexpended balance of the teachers' fund in the 
 hands of the sheriff, due the district from last year, after paying 
 all salaries due teachers the preceding year. 
 
 10. Ascertain any other moneys available to the teachers' fund. 
 
 11. Deduct these amounts from the aggregate amount necessary 
 to pay all the teachers. 
 
 12. Lay the district levy for teachers' fund large enough -to cover 
 this amount, making proper allowances for exonerations, delinquen- 
 cies and commissions. 
 
110 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 The following calculation will be convenient for reference in mak- 
 ing levies for school purposes : 
 
 i 
 
 Number of teachers to be employed in the district 20 
 
 Number of months to be taught during the year 6 
 
 Amount of money to pay all teachers (estimated) $ 4,380 
 
 This estimate is made as follows : 
 
 10 No. 1 grade teachers at $40 per mo 400 
 
 6 No. 2 grade teachers at $35 per mo 210 
 
 4 No. 3 grade teachers at $30 per mo 120 
 
 Monthly pay $ 730 
 
 Mumber of months 6 
 
 Total for term '. $ 4,380 
 
 Deduct amount on hand including amount of general school 
 
 fund. 1,880 
 
 $ 2,500 
 
 To ascertain the number of cents to be levied on every one hun- 
 dred dollars' valuation of property in the district to raise $2,500 by 
 taxation, suppose the whole valuation in the district to be $600,000. 
 RULE Drop the cents, if any, and add four ciphers to the amount 
 in dollars to be raised by the levy, and divide by the amount in dol- 
 lars taxable property. 
 
 Example : 600,000) 25,000,000 (41 2-3 cents. 
 24,000,000 
 
 1,000,000 
 600,000 
 
 400,000 . 
 600,000 
 
 Similar calculations should be made in relation to the Building 
 Fund. 
 
 14. Determine the method and enter it on record, for calling spe- 
 cial meetings of the board when necessary. 
 
 FORM NO. I 
 
 FORM OF ORDERS TO BE ENTERED OF RECORD BY THE BOARD OF EDU- 
 CATION. 
 
 OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION ) 
 
 DISTRICT, IN THE COUNTY OF ) 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 At a meeting of the Board of Education held on the .... day of 
 
 , 19 . . , there were present, president, and 
 
 and , members of the board. 
 
 On motion of , it is ordered that be, and he is 
 
 hereby appointed Secretary of this Boarfl. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 111 
 
 On motion, it is ordered that the following named persons be ap- 
 pointed trustees in the following named sub-districts, for a term of 
 three years, and until their successors are appointed and qualified : 
 
 Trustee for Sub-District No. 1. 
 
 Trustee for Sub-District No. 2. 
 
 On motion of , it is ordered that the salaries of teachers 
 
 per month, for the school year, shall be as follows, according to the 
 grade of their certificate: For grade No. 1, $....; for grade No. 2, 
 .$....; for grade No. 3, $ .... 
 
 It is found by the boarkl that in addition to the available funds 
 now on hand, $. . . . will be necessary for the payment of teachers' 
 
 salaries for the current year, and on motion of , it is ordered 
 
 that a tax of .... cents on the one hundred dollars' valuation of 
 the real estate and personal property of the district be levied for 
 that purpose. 
 
 ' A similar order should be entered in relation to the levy for 
 "Building Fund.) 
 
 On motion of , it is ordered that the president arid secre- 
 tary of this board be authorized to sign, in vacation, all proper or- 
 ders for the payment of money out of the teachers' fund or the build- 
 ing fund, for the salaries of teachers employed and claims allowed 
 by the board, and that they report the orders drawn on each fund, 
 at the next meeting of this board. 
 
 The secretary of this board made a report this day for the several 
 orders drawn by him and the president, on the teachers' fund and 
 the building fund, respectively, since the last meeting of the board, 
 
 us follows: An order on the teachers' fund, in favor of , 
 
 a teacher, for $....; an order in favor of , a teacher, for 
 
 $....; also an order on the building fund, in favor of , for 
 
 work done on school house, for $....; and an order, IB 
 
 favor of for furnishing wood for school house, 
 
 for $ .... 
 
 On motion of it is ordered that when in the opinion of 
 
 the president or of the two commissioners it is deemed necessary, 
 the president or secretary may call a special meeting of this board. 
 
 On motion the board does now adjourn. 
 
 .... President. 
 
 Secretary. 
 
112 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 FORM NO. II 
 
 ORDER OF APPOINTMENT TO FILL A VACANCY IN THE BOARD OF TRUS- 
 TEES 
 
 [To be entered in records of the board.] 
 
 There being a vacancy in the board of trustees in sub-district No. 
 
 , in the district of , on motion of , it 
 
 is ordered that be, and he is hereby appointed to fill said 
 
 (vacancy for the unexpired term, and till his successor shall be ap- 
 pointed and qualified. 
 
 NOTE Thie order of appointment should be entered in thereeord book of the board 
 of education at a regular meeting, and a copy of it signed by the secretary of the 
 board served upon the appointee. 
 
 FORM NO. Ill 
 
 APPOINTMENT OF A MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION TO FILL A 
 
 VACANCY 
 
 OFFICE OF COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT, ) 
 
 OF THE COUNTY OF ) 
 
 , West Virginia, , 19 ... 
 
 It having been made known to me that there is a vacancy in the 
 
 board of education in district in my said county, I 
 
 ...... , county superintendent of said county., in pursuance 
 
 of the authority vested in me by law, hereby appoint 
 
 to fill the vacancy in said board for the unexpired term. 
 
 , County Superintendent. 
 
 FORM NO. IV 
 
 OATH OF OFFICE 
 
 State of West Virginia, County of , to-wit : 
 
 I, , do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support 
 
 the Constitution of the United States, and the Constitution of this 
 State, and that I will faithfully discharge the duties of my office of 
 
 to the best of my skill and judgment. So help me 
 
 God. 
 
 A B . 
 
 Sworn to and subscribed before me, , a justice of 
 
 the peace, the .... day of , 19 . . 
 
 C D , J. P. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 113 
 
 FORM NO. V 
 
 
 RM TO BE USED IN THE SETTLEMENT BY THE SHERIFF WITH THEi 
 SEVERAL BOARDS OF EDUCATION, ON OR BEFORE THE 30TH 
 DAY OF JUNE IN EACH YEAR 
 
 , Sheriff of county, in account with 
 
 the Teachers' Fund of district for the year ending 
 
 June 30, 19 . . 
 
 To balance due District on settlement for the year ending June 80. 19 
 
 To amount due from State School Fund for the year ending June 80, 19. 
 To amount levied on a valuation of $... for the year ending June 30, 19. 
 
 at cents on each hundred dollars valuation 
 
 To amount received from other sources for the year ending June 30, 19... 
 [Itemize each sum received from "other sources," giving date, amount 
 and from whom received. ] 
 
 Total debits 
 
 Cts 
 
 Cts. 
 
 By balance due sheriff on settlement for the year ending June 30, 19 
 
 By sundry school orders paid to date 
 
 [The No., date and name of person to whom each order was drawn, 
 with the actual amount paid thereon by the officer presenting it, should 
 be given in detail. ] 
 By commission at 5 per cent, on net district levies... 
 
 By 2 per cent, commission on railroad levy 
 
 By exonerations (Name each person exonerated, the name and for what 
 
 year the exoneration is made) 
 
 By delinquent list for the year ending June 30, 19. 
 
 Total credits 
 
 Balance due district, (or sheriff, as the case may be) ... 
 
 FORM NO. VI 
 
 CALL FOR SPECIAL MEETING 
 
 OFFICE OF ) 
 
 DISTRICT, ) 
 
 COUNTY, W. VA. ) 
 
 . ,19.. 
 
 It appearing to that a special meeting of the board 
 
 of education of said district is necessary to transact business relating 
 
 to and other matters, a meeting is hereby called at 
 
 at o 'clock M., , 19 .. You 
 
 are requested to be present. 
 
 , Secretary. 
 
 To . 
 
114 . SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 FORM NO. VII 
 
 FOR TRANSFER 
 
 ............ DISTRICT, ) 
 
 ...... COUNTY, W. VA. ) 
 
 SUB-DISTRICT^ No ....... ) 
 
 It appearing to the undersigned, trustees of ......... sub-district 
 
 that ........................ , children of ................ of 
 
 ........ sub-district are so situated as to be better accommodated 
 
 in sub-disMct no . . . . , ........ district, ........ County, W.Va., 
 
 this is to certify that said trustees have this day, as required by law, 
 transferred them to that district. This transfer is to commence on 
 the .... day of .......... , 19 . . , and continue in force .......... 
 
 months. 
 
 To the Trustees of Sub- ) .................... ) 
 
 Dist. No. . . of . . Dist., ) ................ ---- ) Trustees. 
 
 ____ . . County, W. Va. ) ----- ................ ) 
 
 On the reverse of the transfer (Form VII) the following endorse- 
 ment may be made : 
 
 Transfer of .... scholars from sub-district no . . . . , ...... Dis- 
 
 trict, . . ....... County, to sub-district no ---- , ........ District, 
 
 ........ County, W. Va. 
 
 We, the trustees of the last "named sub-district, this day ...... 
 
 *aceept the within transfer in accordance with sec. 12 school law, 
 .......... ,19.. 
 
 ) Trustees. 
 
 Or refuse to accept. 
 
 NOTE Trustees accepting transfers from other districts should transmit them to 
 their board of education, there to be kept on file for the information of the board in 
 making settlements for the amount due for the transferred pupils. 
 
 Trustees making transfers should furnish their board with information of all 
 transfers made by them, to enable the board to provide for the payment of the pro 
 rata expenses of the transferred pupils. The following form may be used by the 
 trustees: 
 
 To the president of the Board of Education of ........ district: 
 
 This is to certify that the undersigned, trustees of sub-district 
 no . . , ......... District have transferred as required by law ...... 
 
 pupils, the children of ........ , from this sub-district to no ..... , 
 
 . ....... District, ........ County, to begin on the .... day of 
 
 ........ 19 . . and continue .... months. 
 
 ) Trustees. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OP AVEST VIRGINIA 115 
 
 FORM NO. VIII 
 
 FORM OF CONTRACT BETWEEN TRUSTEES AND TEACHER 
 
 This Contract Witnesseth, That ................ , .......... , 
 
 and .................. , trustees of sub-district No ....... in the 
 
 district of ............ , and county of ............ , West Vir- 
 
 giinia, of the first part, having met together as required by section 13 
 of the School Law, and ................ . . . ., a teacher holding a 
 
 No ..... teacher's certificate, of the second part, have this day 
 
 agreed that said ............ shall teach the free school in said 
 
 sub-dictrict, for the term of ...... months, commencing on the .... 
 
 day of .......... , 19 . . , for the sum of ........ dollars per month, 
 
 and that for said services, properly rendered, the trustees aforesaid 
 will pay, as prescribed by law, the amount of salary due said 
 .............. according to the terms of this contract. 
 
 And it is further agreed that if for any legitimate reason the 
 school is not begun on the date mentioned, or if for such cause it is 
 discontinued or suspended, neither party shall have recourse on the 
 other for damages. 
 
 Witness our hands, this .... day of ............ , 19. . 
 
 .................... ) Trustees. 
 
 .................... ) 
 
 .................. , Teacher. 
 
 FORM NO. IX 
 SECRETARY'S NOTICE TO COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT, ASSESSOR AND 
 
 COUNTY CLERK, OF RATE OF LEVIES 
 
 OFFICE OF SECRETARY BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
 .................. , 19. . *To .......... of ........... county, 
 
 At a meeting of the board of education. of ............ district 
 
 of said county, held on the .... day of ............ , 19 . . , it was 
 
 ordered that levies for the support of the free schools of the district 
 for the year beginning the first day of July, 19. ., be .made for the 
 respective funds at the following rates: 
 
 For Teachers' Fund, ........ cents on the $100 valuation. 
 
 For Building Fund, ........ cents on the $100 valuation. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 .................... , Secretary. 
 
 SECTION 44 SCHOOL LAW. Immediately upon the receipt of the 
 certificate mentioned in the preceding section, and of the notice from 
 the county superintendent, as hereinafter provided, showing the 
 amount of the general school fund to which such district, or inde- 
 pendent school district is entitled, it shall be the duty of the board 
 of education of such district to determine the rate of taxation nec- 
 
 *Write Assessor, Clerk of County Court or County Superintendent as the case may 
 be. Each must fce notified promptly. ** 
 
116 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 essary for the pay of teachers and for the building fund in their 
 district for the school year and for the payment of any such existing 
 indebtedness, as aforesaid, and report the same by their secretary, 
 to the clerk of the county court, to the county superintendent and 
 also to the assessor ; and thereupon, it shall be the duty of the said 
 assessor to extend on his books of assessment for State and county 
 purposes the amount of taxes levied as aforesaid, in two separate 
 columns, the one headed "Teachers' Fund," and the other "Build- 
 ing Fund," from which extension the sheriff shall proceed to collect 
 the same, and shall account therefor as required by law. Any as- 
 sessor who shall fail to make out and deliver the certificate mentioned 
 in the forty-third section, and any secretary of a board of education 
 who shall fail to make out and deliver the certificate named in this 
 section shall be fined twenty dollars, for the benefit of the Building 
 Furid of the district. 
 
 FORM X 
 
 COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT'S CERTIFICATE TO SECRETARIES OF THE 
 AMOUNT OF RAILROAD TAX 
 
 OFFICE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT FREE SCHOOLS. 
 
 To the Sec'y Board of Education of District. 
 
 County, West Virginia. 
 
 You are hereby notified that the amount due your district for 
 school purposes and chargeable to the Sheriff on the respective ac- 
 counts of Teachers' and Building Fund in proportion to the rate of 
 levy for each, for the school year ending June 30, 19 . . , from the 
 
 Railroad Company is Dollars. 
 
 Given under my hand this .... day of ,19 
 
 Dated , 19 County Sup't County, 
 
 When the County Superintendent is notified by the Auditor of 
 the amount paid into the treasury by the Railroad Company to the 
 credit of any district for school purposes; or, is notified of the 
 amount of Railroad tax certified by the Auditor to the Sheriff of 
 the County for collection for school purposes, he should, without 
 delay, notify (on this blank) the Secretaries of the respective 
 Boards of Education of the amount due them from the different 
 Railroad companies that have property in their respective districts. 
 The secretaries of the Boards, when they are notified as above 
 directed, should divide the amounts so reported, between the 
 Teachers' and Building Funds in proportion to the rate of levy made 
 for each. The amounts should then be charged up to the Sheriff 
 on account of the respective Funds. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 FORM NO. XI 
 
 117 
 
 COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT S CERTIFICATE TO THE AUDITOR OF DIS- 
 TRIBUTION OF STATE FUND FOR HIS COUNTY 
 
 OFFICE COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT FREE SCHOOLS, ) 
 
 , , COUNTY, W. VA., , 19. . ) 
 
 To the Auditor of the State of West Virginia. 
 
 SIR: The following: shows the apportionment made by me, to the 
 
 several school districts of the county of , for the school 
 
 year commencing July 1st, 19. . 
 
 Whole amount certified by State Superintendent, $ 
 
 Amount deducted for salary of County Superintendent, 
 
 Whole amount distributed to the several school districts, 
 
 Amount distributed to each school district respectively : 
 
 DISTRICTS. P SSt e ?6thf 
 
 Payment of 
 Dec. 15th. 
 
 Total. 
 
 District, f 
 
 
 $ 
 
 
 S. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 $ 
 
 
 
 $ 
 
 
 
 Total $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 INDEPENDENT DISTRICTS. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 District. $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 , County Superintendent 
 
 of County. 
 
118 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 Section 22 of the School Law requires county superintendents to 
 apportion the State Fund among the several districts of their re- 
 spective counties and to report the same on this form to the Auditor. 
 
 FORM NO. XII 
 
 COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT'S CERTIFICATE TO SECRETARIES OF THE 
 AMOUNT OF STATE FUND 
 
 OFFICE OF COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT FREE SCHOOLS. 
 
 COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 19.. 
 
 To the Secretary of the Board of Education of District. 
 
 I hereby certify that the amount of State School Fund appor- 
 tioned to your district for the school year beginning on the 1st (lav 
 
 of July, 19. ., is 
 
 dollars. 
 
 Enumeration for 19 . . , (corrected) 
 
 County Superintendent. 
 
 This amount will be paid to the sheriff of the county in two equal 
 installments, on September 15th, and on December 15th, next; pro- 
 vided your board levy for a sum, which, together with the balance 
 on hand, funds from other sources, and this State fund, will be 
 sufficient to pay for having the schools of your district taught for at, 
 least five months in the year. You will charge the sheriff with the 
 above amount on account of the teachers' fund. 
 
 As soon as the county superintendent receives notice from the 
 State Superintendent of the amount apportioned to his county, he 
 should apportion the amount among the respective districts and 
 independent districts, according to the number of younts between fi 
 and 21 in each, ascertained by the last enumeration, and should 
 thereupon notify the respective secretaries n this blank (Form 
 18) without delay.- 
 
 FORM NO. XIII 
 
 ASSESSOR'S NOTICE TO SECRETARIES OF VALUATION OF PERSONAL 
 
 PROPERTY 
 
 OFFICE OF ASSESSOR 
 
 OF COUNTY. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 To the Secretary of the Board of Education of District: 
 
 The assessed valuation of the personal property in your district 
 
 on the first day of January, 19 v , aggregates $ 
 
 Given under my hand the . . .* . day of , 19 . . 
 
 , Assessor. 
 
 P. 0. Address, 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 119 
 
 A cop}- of this notice should be sent to the secretary of eaeh dis- 
 trict at the very earliest moment possible, as he must have it on 
 the first Monday in July, at the annual meeting of the board of 
 education. 
 
 The assessor of every assessment district shall make out and de- 
 liver to the secretary of the board of education of each district 
 and independent school district in his district, on or before the first 
 day of July in each year, a certificate showing the aggregate value of 
 all personal property ; and the clerk of the county court shall certify 
 to the said secretary the aggregate value of all real estate in such 
 district or independent school district, which certificates shall serve 
 as a basis for any levy that may be made for school purposes for 
 that year. (Sec. 43 School Law.) 
 
 Any assessor who shall fail to make out and deliver the certificate 
 mentioned in the forty-third section, and any secretary of a board 
 of education who shall fail to make out and deliver the certificate 
 named in this section, shall be fined twenty dollars, for the benefit 
 of the building fund of the district. (Part of Sec. 44 School Law.) 
 
 FORM NO. XIV 
 
 COUNTY CLERK'S NOTICE TO SECRETARIES OF ASSESSED VALUATION OF 
 
 REAL ESTATE 
 
 OFFICE CLERK COUNTY COURT 
 
 County, W. Va. 
 
 West Virginia. 
 
 To the Secretary Board of Education of District: 
 
 The assessed valuation of the real estate in your district on the 
 
 first day of January, 19 . . , aggregates $ 
 
 Given under my hand the day of , 19 . . 
 
 Clerk of County Court. 
 
 A copy of this notice should be sent to the secretary of each dis- 
 trict at the very earliest moment possible, as he must have it at the 
 annual meeting of the board of education on the first Monday ill 
 July. 
 
 The assessor of every assessment district shall make out and de- 
 liver to the secretary of the board of education of each district and 
 independent school district in his district, on or before the first day 
 of July in each year, a certificate showing the aggregate value of 
 all personal property; and the clerk of the county court shall cer- 
 tify to the said secretary the aggregate value of all real estate in 
 such district or independent school district, which certificates shall 
 serve as a basis for any levy that may be made for school purposes 
 for that year. (Section 43 School Law.) 
 
120 SCHOOL .LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 FORM XV 
 
 COUNTY CLERK *S NOTICE TO SECRETARIES OF DELINQUENT LISTS 
 
 OFFICE CLERK COUNTY COURT 
 
 COUNTY. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 To the Secretary Board of Education District: 
 
 The sheriff of county is entitled to credits for the 
 
 delinquent list (including property erroneously and improperly 
 charged) for the year ending June 30, 19. .: 
 
 On Real Estate for Teachers' Fund, $ 
 
 On Personal Property for Teachers ' Fund $ 
 
 Total for Teachers' Fund, $ 
 
 On Real Estate for Building Fund, $ 
 
 On Personal Property for Building Fund, $ 
 
 Total for Building Fund, $ 
 
 You will charge the sheriff with the following amounts, certified 
 by the Auditor as paid to the sheriff on account of redemption of 
 delinquent lands paid into the treasury before sale : 
 
 For Teachers' Fund, ......$ 
 
 For Building Fund, $ 
 
 Given under my hand the day of , 19 .. 
 
 Clerk of County Court. 
 
 The said lists shall be returned to the county court before the first day of July 
 in every year, and the list of real estate shall be examined, corrected and allowed 
 'by said court, and a copy thereof certified to the Auditor, and another copy to the 
 assessor for future use in making out the next land book. The list of personal 
 property shall also be examined, corrected, and allowed by the court, and the 
 amount thereof so allowed, together with the amount allowed of the list of real 
 estate, shall be certified by the clerk of said court to the secretary of the board 
 of education of the proper district. The original list shall be preserved by the 
 clerk of said court in his office. Sec. 48, School Laic. 
 
 FORM NO. XVI. 
 
 TRUANT OFFICER'S NOTICE 
 
 ,W,Va, ,190.. 
 
 M 
 
 Dear 
 
 You are hereby notified that the attendance of , 
 
 , and 
 
 being under your control are required to attend school and according 
 to the provision's of section lOa, Chapter 45 of the Code as revised 
 by the Legislature of 1903, such attendance must commence within 
 five days from receipt of this notice unless due cause be shown why 
 such child or children should not attend. 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 121 
 
 Should yon fail to comply with the requirements of this law, you 
 will be subject to a fine of two dollars for the first offence and five 
 dollars for each subsequent offence. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Truant Officer, 
 
 District County, West Virginia. 
 
 Note. This notice should be mailed where practicable, otherwise it must be 
 delivered by the truant officer in person or sent by a reliable carrier. 
 
 FORM NO. XVII 
 
 Members Board of Education, District, County, 
 
 West Virginia. 
 
 GENTLEMEN : I hereby certify that I have investigated 
 
 cases under the truancy law during the month of , 19 . , , 
 
 of which number were prosecuted and con- 
 victed. I have mailed .... notices, delivered in person .... notices 
 and sent by other means .... notices. 
 
 In all I have spent hours* or days and .... hours 
 
 in the discharge of my duties as truant officer. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Truant Officer, 
 
 District, . . . : County, W. Va. 
 
 Personally appeared before me, of 
 
 County, the said and, on oath, says that the above 
 
 report is true and correct, to the best of his knowledge and belief. 
 Given under my hand this day of , 190 . . 
 
 * Note. Nine hours should be reckoned as constituting a day. 
 
 FORM XO. XVIII 
 
 TRUANT OFFICER 'S STATEMENT TO SHERIFF 
 
 , W. Va., 190.. 
 
 M , 
 
 Sheriff of County, 
 
 ;... W. Va. 
 
 DEAR SIR : Under the provisions of Sec. lOa, Chap. 45 of the Code 
 
 the following fines were imposed in district, 
 
 County, under my jurisdiction during the month of , 19. . : 
 
122 
 
 SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Address. 
 
 Date. 
 
 Amount of 
 Fine. 
 
 Child For Which 
 Fined. 
 
 Age of 
 Child. 
 
 
 
 
 $. .. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 '. ., Truant Officer, 
 
 . . District, . . County. W. Va. 
 
 FORM NO. XIX 
 
 STATEMENT OF APPORTIONMENT OF THE GENERAL SCHOOL FUND 
 
 STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA, 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF FREE SCHOOLS. 
 
 Charleston, June , 190 . . 
 
 To , County Superintendent, 
 
 , W. Va. 
 
 DEAR SIR : 
 
 The following is the amount of the General School Fund appor- 
 tioned to your county for the year beginning July 1, 190. ., and end- 
 ing June 30, 190. .: 
 
 Net amount apportioned $ 
 
 County Superintendent 's salary $ 
 
 Gross amount apportioned $ 
 
 Total enumeration of your county, 
 
 You will please make the apportionment of the above NET amount 
 among the several districts of your county at once that the boards of 
 education may have the same in their hands at their first meeting in 
 July. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 State Superintendent of Free Schools. 
 
SCHOOL, LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA 123 
 
 FORM NO. XX 
 
 SCHOOL BOOK BOND 
 
 Know all men ~by these presents, That we 
 
 , Principal, and and 
 
 sureties, are held and firmly bound unto 
 
 the State of West Virginia, in the sum of ten thousand ($10,000) 
 dollars, lawful money of the United States' of America, to be paid 
 unto the said State, for which payment well and truly to be mado, 
 we bind ourselves, our heirs, executors and administrators, jointly 
 and severally, firmly by these presents. 
 
 Sealed with our seals and dated this day of , 
 
 in the year one thousand eight hundred and ninety 
 
 WHEREAS, by a certain agreement in writing, bearing date on the 
 
 day of 190 . . , the above bounden 
 
 has covenanted, promised and agreed with the School Book 
 
 Board of County to supply certain school text-books 
 
 for use in the free schools of said County and State, as will in the 
 said agreement more fully and at large appear: 
 
 Now, therefore, the condition of the above obligation is such that 
 
 if the said shall faithfully, fully 
 
 and entirely do, perform, keep and observe the said agreement, and 
 every such agreement hereafter or heretofore made with any onther 
 School Book Board of any other county within this State, and each 
 and every of the covenants, provisions, agreements, terms and condi- 
 tions on h part to be done, performed, kept and observed, then 
 this obligation shall be void, otherwise to remain in full force and 
 virtue. 
 
 FORM XXT 
 
 SCHOOL TEXT-BOOK CONTRACT 
 
 THIS AGREEMENT, Made and entered in to this .... day of 
 
 , in the year of our Lord, one thousand nine hundred 
 
 and by and between the School Book Board of 
 
 County, State of West Virginia, under and by authority of the act 
 of the Legislature of said State passed on the 19th day of February, 
 1897, entitled "An Act to establish a School Book Board in every 
 county of the State and to prescribe its duties ; to provide for the sale 
 of school text-books, and to provide penalties for violations of this 
 
 act, " party of the first part, and : Dart of the second 
 
 part: 
 
 WITNESSETH : THAT, WHEREAS, the said part of the second 
 
124 x SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 part, the publisher of certain text-books authorized by law to be used 
 in the free schools of said State of West Virginia, has agreed to fur- 
 nish the following text-books to every board of education or its 
 agents, depositary, 'agent of the party of the first part hereto, or to 
 any dealer or other person of the county, to be used in the free schools 
 
 of said State in the county of for the term of five 
 
 years from the .... day of . . . . ._ , 190. ., and at the prices 
 
 hereinafter specified, that is to say : 
 
 [Here state full and accurate title of each book, name of author, and name of publisher, 
 and price, including prices agreed on for exchange for other books, and for introduction, 
 if any such prices for exchange or introduction are agreed on.] 
 
 Now, THEREFORE, In consideration of the premises the part 
 of the second part hereby agree to furnish, and the party of the first 
 part agrees to purchase at the contract prices set opposite the title 
 to each book set forth in this agreement for the period of five years, 
 
 from the .... day of , 190 . . , the school text-books 
 
 hereinbefore described in adequate quantities and as needed from 
 time to time for the supply of said schools, and in quality of paper, 
 typography and binding equal to the sample copies furnished to 
 
 , County Superintendent of Free Schools for said 
 
 County, as provided in Chapter 62, Sec. 8 of the 
 
 Acts of 1897. 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed that the said part of the sec- 
 ond part shall make no changes in said books used in the free schools 
 of this State during the continuance of this contract, except as here- 
 inafter provided. 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed that the said part of the 
 second part shall print for the information of the County Superin- 
 tendent, Boards of Education, and for general circulation, 'a com- 
 plete schedule of the contract prices and exchange prices agreed 
 upon, and furnish to the County Superintendent at least as. many 
 copies thereof as there are school houses, and places, in the said coun- 
 ty of 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed that no charge shall be made 
 by the second part to the boards of education, depositaries, or 
 other persons, for the boxing and cartage of such books, but said 
 books shall be delivered free of charge in good condition and prop- 
 erly packed on board the railroad cars at in the county 
 
 of and State of 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed that at the expiration of this 
 contract the said part shall take back all copies of books that 
 
SCHOOL LAW OF WEST VIRGINIA. 125 
 
 may be in the hands of said boards of education, school book boards, 
 or the agents of. either, and depositaries, and in good condition, and 
 refund the amount paid therefor. 
 
 It is further stipulated and agreed that if any of the books here- 
 inbefore named are geographies, the said part of the second 
 part may from time to time make such changes as may be necessary 
 to cause such books to conform to the facts as to later explorations, 
 the changes in forms of governments and political divisions, and the 
 discoveries of science, but such changes shall not be made so as to 
 alter the arrangement of the books. 
 
 It is further agreed that all the provisions of said act whether in- 
 corporated in this agreement or not shall be binding on the parties 
 hereto, and shall be taken, treated and deemed as a part of this agree- 
 ment. 
 
 In Witness Whereof, this agreement has been subscribed by the 
 
 said party of the first part by , its President, and by 
 
 the part of the second part, this day and year first above written. 
 
 The School Book Board of County. 
 
 By , President. 
 
SCHOOL CALENDAR 
 
 JULY. 
 
 1. School year begins. 
 
 Member of board takes office. 
 
 (Or before) Assessor certifies value of property. 
 
 (Oc before) Sheriff settles with Board of Education. 
 
 (Before 1st day of July) Sheriff reports delinquent property. 
 
 1st Monday. Board of Education meets. 
 
 (Or as soon thereafter as practicable) Board of Education lays levies. 
 
 1st Wednesday. Presidents meet to appoint examiners. 
 
 4. Legal holiday. 
 
 3rd Monday. Trustees meet to employ teachers. 
 
 20. (Or before) Secretary reports rate of levy. 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 1. (Or before) County Superintendent makes report to State Superintendent. 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 1. Auditor reports condition of school fund to State Superintendent. 
 1st Monday . Legal holiday . 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 Last Thursday. Thanksgiving Day. Legal holiday. 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 25. Christmas, Legal holiday. 
 
 JANUARY. 
 
 1. New Year's Day. Legal holiday. 
 
 (Or before) State Superintendent makes report to Governor. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 22. Legal holiday. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 1. (Or before) Teachers make enumeration. 
 
 15. (Or before) Secretary transmits copy of enumeration to County Superintend- 
 ent. 
 
 MAY. 
 
 1. (Or before) County Superintendent forwards to State Superintendent report of 
 
 enumeration. 
 30. Legal holiday. 
 
 JUNE. 
 10. (Or before) Auditor notifies State Superintendent of amount of general or 
 
 distributable school fund. 
 30. Sc&ool year ends. 
 
INDEX 
 
 AGE PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 requirement of teachers 36 28a .... 
 
 limits for compulsory attendance 16 10a .... 
 
 school 15, 16 10 
 
 classification of youth with regard to 25 19 .... 
 
 AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 
 
 establishment of and provisions relating to 82, 83 86a .... 
 
 bulletins issued by 88 860 .... 
 
 ALCOHOLIC DRINKS AND NARCOTICS 
 
 effects of upon the human system, special instruction in. ... 18 lla .... 
 
 to be taught as thoroughly as other branches 18 lla .... 
 
 penalty for failure to make the provisions for instruction in 18 lla .... 
 
 teachers to be examined in 18 lla .... 
 
 ASSESSOR 
 
 to certify value of personal property to secretary; when.. 52 43 .... 
 
 penalty on, for failure to certify value of personal property 53 44 .... 
 penalty on, for charging a greater amount of taxes than is 
 
 due 53 44 
 
 fines against, how recovered 53 44 .... 
 
 form of delinquent list of personal property to be used by. . 57, 58 47 .... 
 
 to furnisk list of property in sub-district 80 26 .... 
 
 to register names of deaf and blind persons 93 98a .... 
 
 AUDITOR 
 
 not to pay State fund to districts not making local levy 52 42 
 
 delinquent list to be certified to 58 48 .... 
 
 to include school taxes on real estate in delinquent list fur- 
 nished sheriff 59 49 
 
 to deduct salary of State Superintendent from general ; school 
 
 fund 73 60 .... 
 
 to certify to State Superintendent amount of general school 
 
 fund for distribution 73 61 
 
 to issue warrant for amounts of general school fund due 
 
 county-; when 74 62 .... 
 
 to report condition of school fund to State Superintendent; 
 
 when 76 68 122 
 
 is custodian of the school fund securities 78 74 .... 
 
 fees from examinations sent to 38 28o 
 
 BLUEFIELD COLORED INSTITUTE 
 
 Hame. appropriation and provisions for 1*4, 105 98c .... 
 
 branches to be taught K05 98c .... 
 
 BOARD OF BALLOT COMMISSIONERS 
 
 special provisions as to ticket 9 2 .... 
 
 duties of commissioners 10, 11 3 .... 
 
12^ INDEX 
 
 BOARD OF EDUCATION PAGE. SEC. OPX. 
 
 who constitute 8 2 .... 
 
 time in which members to qualify 11 5a 
 
 members of, ineligible to other school offices 8 2 .... 
 
 tie in case of election of , how decided 9 2 .... 
 
 presidents of, to elect county superintendent in case of tie. . 9 2 .... 
 
 application of, to board of ballot commissioners 9 2 .... 
 
 to submit question of additional months of school; how.. 9, 10 2, 2a .... 
 
 to make required levies 9 2 .... 
 
 to require course of study to be carried out 18 11 
 
 time of first meeting of each school year 11 6 .... 
 
 members of, must not be interested in school contract 47 34 89 
 
 vacancies in ; how filled and what time 11 5 .... 
 
 to determine the number of teachers to be employed 12 6 .... 
 
 no business to be transacted without a quorum of, ex- 
 cept what 12 6 
 
 compensation of members of 12 6 9 
 
 a corporation with corporate rights 12 7 .... 
 
 may receive, hold and dispose of what 12 7 .... 
 
 process, how served on 12 7 .... 
 
 have control and supervision of schools in district 14 9 .... 
 
 may change boundaries of sub-districts 14 9 .... 
 
 duty of, in case county court change district boundaries. . 14 9 15 
 
 to cause school to be kept in each sub-district 15 10 .... 
 
 to employ teachers in case trustees fail to do so 15 10 
 
 to have revision of acts of trustees 19 12 .... 
 
 to pay another district tuition for transferred pupils 19 12 .... 
 
 may declare teacher's contract illegal 20 13 .... 
 
 to furnish blank record book for trustees < 24 16 
 
 to apportion school fund to colored pupils ; when. 24 25 18 .... 
 
 to give order to discontinue use of unauthorized texts.... 71 58 .... 
 
 may be compelled by mandamus to divide iunds 25 18 
 
 to require enumeration of school youth to be made 25 19 50 
 
 charged with the duty of moral training 45 32 .... 
 
 to provide suitable houses and grounds 46 34 88 
 
 not to be interested in contract for building or repairing 
 
 house 47 34 89 
 
 judgment or decree, for money, against 48 37 .... 
 
 indebtedness of, must be paid, how 48 37 .... 
 
 to determine the rate of taxation necessary for teachers' and 
 
 building funds 52 44 105 
 
 must not contract debt 53 45 
 
 to require secretary to publish statement 54 45 .... 
 
 to make settlement with sheriff 50 46 108 
 
 fine on for refusing to make settlement with sheriff 60 52 .... 
 
 members of liable to fine for neglect of duty 72 59 .... 
 
 not to receive part of school fund unless local levy has been 
 
 laid 7., 61 
 
 not to pay for abstract of sheriff's settlement 57 . . 112 
 
 members of not to act as agents 64 57 120 
 
 to pay for books and transportation out of building fund 70 58 .... 
 
 authorized to purchase books from scholar 71 58 .... 
 
 may provide free text books 71 58ft .... 
 
 to enter order for free books 71, 72 58b .... 
 
 liable for amount of books furnished depositaries 69 58 .... 
 
 may remove depositary 70 58 .... 
 
 to require bonds of all contractors 47 34 .... 
 
 BOARD OF EXAMINERS 
 
 of whom composed 32 27 
 
INDEX 129 
 
 PAGE. Sice. OPN. 
 
 qualiriiutions of members of 32 27 .... 
 
 members of: lu>w nominated, when elected, term ;>2 27 57,58 
 
 compensation of members of 32 27 .... 
 
 members of. cannot issue certificates to each other 35 . . 71 
 
 members of, may teach without certificate : . . . 34 28 70 
 
 BOARD OF THE SCHOOL FUND 
 
 fixed by constitution 6 4 .... 
 
 of whom composed 76 69 .... 
 
 organization of 76 69 .... 
 
 meetings of. where held . .. 77 70 .... 
 
 to recover money due school fund ; how 77 71 .... 
 
 may appoint agents 77 72 .... 
 
 .to invest the school fund ; how 77 73 .... 
 
 Auditor to be accountant of 78 74 .... 
 
 BOM'S 
 
 constitutional provision 5 8 .... 
 
 publisher's bond .' . 68 58 .... 
 
 depositary's bond 68 58 .... 
 
 to be given by county superintendent 62 53 .... 
 
 to be given by contractors 47 34 .... 
 
 special, to be given by sheriff 55 46 .... 
 
 BOOKS 
 
 officers and teachers not to act as agents for, except 7, 64 9,57 120 
 
 price to be fixed 66 58 
 
 notice to be sent State Superintendent 66 58 .... 
 
 not more than one book changed except 67 58 .... 
 
 invoices of books 69 58 .... 
 
 old books to be received in exchange 71 58 .... 
 
 free text 71 58& 
 
 secretary to have control of free books 72 586 .... 
 
 teachers to distribute free books 72 586 .... 
 
 free text books how purchased 72 586 .... 
 
 BRANCHES TO HE TAUGHTr IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS 
 
 enumeration of 17 11 20, 31 
 
 BRIBERY 
 
 of district school officers, how punished 21 13 .... 
 
 BUILDING FUND 
 
 maximum rate of levy for 49 38 94 
 
 for what purpose to be used 49 38 96 
 
 from w r hat sources derived 50 39 98 
 
 not to be used to pay debts against teacher's fund 50 39 97 
 
 money from sale of books to be credited to 69 58 .... 
 
 books and transportation to be paid owt of 70 58 .... 
 
 CADETS 
 
 appointment of 81 82 
 
 to have free books and stationery 82 83 .... 
 
 CALENDAR 
 
 of school year 126 .... 
 
 CERTIFICATE 
 
 grade of to determine r-ate o-f salary 12 6 .... 
 
130 INDEX 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 teachers must file duplicate of 38 28a 
 
 three grades issued 36 28a 
 
 applicant for to be examined in physiology and hygiene 18 11 a 
 
 valid in any county in the State 37 28a 
 
 signed by State and countersigned by county superintendent . . 37 28a 
 
 good for five, three and one years respectively 37 28o 
 
 not to be renewed 37 28a 
 
 grades of 36 28a 
 
 all grades of issued at same examination 36 28a 
 
 (See, also, State Certificate.) 
 
 CHANGES IN SUB-DISTRICT 
 
 by whom and when made 14, 15 9 
 
 appeal to county superintendent concerning 15 9 .... 
 
 CLERK OF COUNTY COURT 
 
 to call meeting to elect county superintendent in case of tie 9 2 .... 
 
 to call meeting to fill vacancy 62 53 
 
 to give notice of such meeting 9 o 
 
 to certify valuation of real estate to secretary ; when 52 43 .... 
 
 to certify delinquent taxes 56 46 112 
 
 to certify delinquent list to secretary 59 48 113 
 
 to place delinquent list of personal property in hands of sheriff 59 51 .... 
 
 to keep record of settlement with sheriff 59 52 .... 
 
 to transmit to State Superintendent abstract of annual settle- 
 ment 60 52 
 
 to certify to State Superintendent name of county superinten- 
 dent 62 53 .... 
 
 levies for school purposes to be reported to 6 7 .... 
 
 COLORED SCHOOLS 
 
 trustees to establish, when 24 17 39 
 
 to receive proportion of district funds 25 18 
 
 trustees to make report of 20 20 42 
 
 ) 7 8 
 
 white children not to attend ) 24 17 
 
 ) 94 986 
 
 secretary to make report of 27 21 .... 
 
 training of teachers of 88 96 
 
 COMMISSIONER 
 
 when elected, term and commencement 8 2 1 
 
 of election, duties 10 3 .... 
 
 COMPENSATION 
 
 of truant officers 17 10a 
 
 of institute instructors 43 30 .... 
 
 COMPULSORY ATTENDANCE 
 
 non-attendance, what constitutes 16 10a 
 
 truant officers 16 10a .... 
 
 exemption from 16 10a .... 
 
 fines for non-attendance 16 10a .... 
 
 teachers and principals to report 17 10a 
 
 law applies to all districts 17 1 18 
 
 CONTRACTS 
 
 form of contract between teacher and trustees 115 
 
 school officers not to be interested in contracts for buildings . . 46 34 89 
 
 form of contract with publishers 67 58 .... 
 
INDEX 131 
 
 CONTRACTORS 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 SEC. 
 
 OPN. 
 
 bonds of 
 
 47 
 
 34 
 
 .... 
 
 security to be given bv 
 
 47 
 
 34 
 
 
 
 COUNTY COURT 
 
 
 
 
 to pass upon special bond % 
 
 55 
 
 46 
 
 
 delinquent list to be returned to 
 
 58 
 
 48 
 
 
 to certifv delinquent list to assessor 
 
 58 
 
 48 
 
 .... 
 
 to make settlement with sheriff or collector 
 
 50 
 
 46 
 
 .... 
 
 COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT 
 
 
 
 
 constitutional provision concerning 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 .... 
 
 qualifications of 
 
 60 
 
 53 
 
 .... 
 
 election of, length and commencement of term of 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 ..... 
 
 who to be elected in case of tie 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 
 salary of, how paid 
 
 60,61 
 
 53 
 
 117 
 
 salary for last quarter not to be paid till report is made.... 
 
 61 
 
 53 
 
 114 
 
 bond of * 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 .... 
 
 to notifv State Superintendent of his election 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 to visit all schools in his county vearly 
 
 62 
 
 54 
 
 77 
 
 forfeit for failure to visit schools 
 
 61 
 
 53 
 
 
 to acquaint himself with the schools of his county 
 
 63 
 
 54 
 
 .... 
 
 to acquaint himself with school house architecture 
 
 47 
 
 35 
 
 92 
 
 to cast vote in case of a tie vote for member of board of edu- 
 
 
 
 
 cation 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 
 vacancv in office of, how filled 
 
 62 
 
 53 
 
 .... 
 
 to pay salary of secretary of board of education 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 .... 
 
 -rtify to State Superintendent value of property, rates of 
 
 
 
 
 levy 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 
 appeal to. regarding district boundaries 
 
 15 
 
 9 
 
 17 
 
 action of. in case of appeal regarding sub-district boundaries 
 
 15 
 
 9 
 
 .... 
 
 fiction of. when enumeration of youths has not been received 
 
 26 
 
 19 
 
 .... 
 
 to certify enumeration of youth to State Superintendent.... 
 
 26 
 
 19 
 
 .... 
 
 to make annual report to State Superintendent 
 
 28 
 
 22 
 
 46 
 
 t . nominate members of board of examiners 
 
 32 
 
 27 { 
 
 52, 63 
 
 to collect examination fees ; 
 
 38 
 
 28o 
 
 .... 
 
 to remit balance of fees to Auditor 
 
 38 
 
 28a 
 
 .... 
 
 to send manuscripts sealed 
 
 36 
 
 28a 
 
 
 to countersign certificate 
 
 37 
 
 28a 
 
 
 to name place of examination 
 
 35 
 
 28a 
 
 
 to forward to Auditor institute fees 
 
 43 
 
 30 
 
 .... 
 
 to advise State Superintendent regarding county institutes. . . . 
 
 43 
 
 30 
 
 .... 
 
 t" determine location of school houses, when 
 
 46 
 
 34 < 
 
 )0, 91 
 
 to approve plans of new school houses 
 
 47 
 
 35 
 
 92 
 
 to advise beards regarding school houses, furniture, and 
 
 
 
 
 fixtures 
 
 63 
 
 54 
 
 .... 
 
 to aid teachers in improving themselves 
 
 63 
 
 55 
 
 .... 
 
 to encourage and aid institute work 
 
 63 
 
 r> ~> 
 
 .... 
 
 to join in union institutes 
 
 63 
 
 55 
 
 
 to conform to the instructions of the State Superintendent. . 
 
 6., 
 
 55 
 
 
 to distribute school supplies for his county 
 
 63 
 
 55 
 
 .... 
 
 
 63 
 
 56 
 
 119 
 
 to report districts that hare failed to make levy 
 
 64 
 
 56 
 
 .... 
 
 to report to Auditor districts roting down leyy 
 
 52 
 
 42 
 
 104 
 
 to record his proceedings in a well-bound book 
 
 64 
 
 56 
 
 
 to apportion the general school fund among districts 
 
 73 
 
 61 
 
 
 to issue requisition for amouut of school fund due districts. . 
 
 74 
 
 62 
 
 121 
 
 to give consent to sale of property 
 
 45 
 
 33 
 
 
 to call meetings of countr book Uoards 
 
 66 
 
 58 
 
 .... 
 
132 INDEX 
 
 COURSE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDY PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 to be prescribed by State Superintendent 43 :^ .... 
 
 what to embrace 43 30 
 
 teachers to be examined in 44 30 .... 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY 
 
 State Superintendent to prescribe few county and village 
 
 schools 17 11 2- 
 
 order and arrangement of 18 11 .... 
 
 county superintendent to enforce uniformity 63 54 .... 
 
 DEPOSITARIES 
 
 board may appoint .... 
 
 to execute bond >^ 58 .... 
 
 depositary's commission r. <">!' 5s .... 
 
 to mak-e out list of text books needed 08 58 .... 
 
 to receive books in exchange 71 58 .... 
 
 to make payments to sheriff 60 58 .... 
 
 board may remove 70 58 .... 
 
 to turn over superseded books to beard 71 58 .... 
 
 DIRECTORS 
 
 of joint high . school 30 25 .... 
 
 report of i'.n 26 .... 
 
 DISTURBANCES 
 
 penalties for. of schools, societies, etc 23 15a-15b .... 
 
 ELECTION 
 
 of county superintendent 
 
 of president and commissioners 
 
 when to be held 8 2 .... 
 
 ballots, what to be written or printed thereon. . . . 2 .... 
 
 special, when and for what purpose. 
 
 days, holidays 108 
 
 vote upon the question of a high school 20 24 .... 
 
 vote upon question of increased levy for graded school 31 26 52. 53 
 
 vote upon question of longer term 51 41 
 
 officers, liability of 10 3 .... 
 
 special for school purposes 10 2a .... 
 
 ENROLLMENT FEE 
 
 institute ! 43 30 
 
 ENUMERATION OF YOUTH 
 
 how, when, and by whom to be taken 25 10 .... 
 
 how to be taken in districts from which there have been trans- 
 fers -i 10 12 .... 
 
 penalty for not taking 25 10 
 
 secretary to keep record of 25 10 .... 
 
 county superintendent to report to State Superintendent.... 26 10 .... 
 
 in two classes 25 10 .... 
 
 EXAMINATION OF TEACHERS 
 
 in what branches 34 28 
 
 in what branches 40 20a .... 
 
 in what branches 36 28a 
 
 when and wbere 35 28a 84 
 
 general regulation and control vested in State Superintendent 35 28a .... 
 
 penaltie for cheating in 37 28 .... 
 
 (See also State Beard of Examiners.) 
 
INDEX 133 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 for failure to comply with compulsory attendance law. ... 16 10a 18 
 
 to be remitted to sheriff 17 lOa .... 
 
 for tampering with examination questions 37 28a .... 
 
 for failure to teach nature of alcoholic drinks 18 lla .... 
 
 against school officers for being interested in contracts 47 34 .... 
 
 against assessors, how recovered 53 44 .... 
 
 against assessors for overcharges of taxes 53 44 .... 
 
 against assessor for failure to deliver certificate 53 44 .... 
 
 against members of board for failing to make settlement. . . . 00 52 .... 
 
 against sheriff for failure to make settlement GO 52 .... 
 
 for using unauthorized text books 71 58 .... 
 
 for violating county text book law 71 58 .... 
 
 against members of school board for neglect of duty 72 50 .... 
 
 for molesting or disturbing schools 22 15& 15& .... 
 
 FIRES 
 
 trustees required to provide for building 45 32 85 
 
 maximum to be paid for building 45 32 .... 
 
 ELAGS 
 
 may be bought 108 
 
 trustees to cause teachers to keep displayed 108 
 
 FORFEITS 
 
 by teachers who use unauthorized text-books 71 58 .... 
 
 for failure to return term register 42 30 .... 
 
 for failure to visit schools 61 53 .... 
 
 FORMS 
 
 of delinquent list 58 47 .... 
 
 of county superintendent's requisition 74 62 .... 
 
 of assessors' delinquent list of personal property 58 47 .... 
 
 cf county clerk's delinquent list of real estate 58 47 .... 
 
 of record to be entered by board of education 110 &c 
 
 of appointment of trustees Ill 
 
 of order to fill vacancy in board of trustees 112 
 
 of order to fill vacancy in board of education 112 
 
 of oath of office 112 
 
 for sheriff's annual settlement 113 
 
 for call for special meeting 113 
 
 for transfers of pupils 114 
 
 of contract between trustees and teacher 115 
 
 of county superintendent's certificate to Auditor 117 
 
 of county superintendent's certificate to secretaries , 116 
 
 of county superintendent's certificate of State fund 118 
 
 of assessor's notice of valuation of personal property. 118 
 
 of county clerk's notice of assessed valuation of real estate. . 119 
 
 of county clerk's notice of delinquent lists 120 
 
 of secretary's notice of rate of levies 118 
 
 of truant officer's notice 120 
 
 FREE SCHOOLS 
 
 duty of legislature concerning 5. 6 1-5 .... 
 
 levies for. to be reported to clerk of county court 6 7 .... 
 
 ) 7 8 
 
 white and colored persons not to attend same school ) 24 17 .... 
 
 ) 94 !)8b 
 
 as connected with not to be interested in sale of books. . 7. 649.57 120 
 
 persons above twenty-one years of age may attend; when. ... 16 10 19 
 
 may be discontinued, under the thirty-five per cent. rule.... 20 13 .... 
 
 penalty for molesting or disturbing 23. 15&, 156. . . . 
 
134 INDEX 
 
 FREE TEXT-BOOKS PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 boards may purchase. .................................... 71 58b .... 
 
 to be kept by secretary ..................... .............. 71 58ft .... 
 
 control and care of .................................. ...... - 72 5S& .... 
 
 FURNITURE, FIXTURES, AND APPARATUS 
 
 to be provided by the board of education .................... 46 34 .... 
 
 to be kept in good order and repair ........................ 46 34 .... 
 
 GENERAL SCHOOL FUND 
 
 from what source derived .................................. 72 60 .... 
 
 how and when distributed ................................ 73 60 .... 
 
 amount of, for distribution to be certified to State Superinten- 
 
 dent ............................................... 73 61 ____ 
 
 GOVERNOR 
 
 to appoint regents of the University ....................... 70 78 .... 
 
 to fill vacancies in board of regents of University ............ 80 78 .... 
 
 to appoint regents of Normal Schools ...................... 84 87 .... 
 
 to appoint regents of Schools for Deaf and Blind ............ 89 98a .... 
 
 to appoint directors of Reform School ...................... 97 98c .... 
 
 to fill vacancies in board of directors of Reform School ...... 97 98c .... 
 
 to appoint regents of Bluefield Colored Institute ............ 104 ...... 
 
 to appoint regents of West Virginia Colored Institute ...... 95 98b ---- 
 
 GRADED SCHOOLS 
 
 may be established, how .................................. 31 26 52, 53 
 
 how term may be extended in ................... ......... 31 26 54, 55 
 
 HIGH SCHOOL 
 
 may be established ; how ................................ 29, 30 24, 25 51 
 
 to be discontinued ; when .... ............................. 20 13 .... 
 
 additional levy for ....................................... 29 24 .... 
 
 joint high school ......................................... 30 25 ---- 
 
 directors of joint high school ............ .................. 30 25 .... 
 
 care and direction of joint high school ..................... 30 26 .... 
 
 report of directors of joint high school ..................... 30 26 ---- 
 
 ' 
 
 HOLIDAYS 
 
 days om which school is not to be kept ...................... 45 31 
 
 election days ............................................ 108 .. 
 
 designated .................. . ---- . ....................... 108 ...... 
 
 INDEBTEDNESS 
 
 constitutional . provisions concerning ........................ 5 8 
 
 against teacher's fund ; how paid .......................... 51 40 "1 03 
 
 INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICTS 
 
 constitutional provision concerning ........................ 
 
 compensation of members of board ...................... 
 
 not to receive part of State fund unless levy has been made. . 25 42 ... 
 
 INSTITUTES 
 
 for what purpose established .............................. 
 
 how, when, and where to be held .......................... 43 30 75 
 
 to be instructed by whom ................................ 43 30 ---- 
 
 compensation of instructor of ............................ 43 30 .... 
 
 State appropriation for ................................... 44 30 .... 
 
 course of work for ...................................... 43,44 30 ---- 
 
 teachers failing to attend not entitled to teach .............. 44 30 .... 
 
 excuse for non-attendance at .................. ............ 45 30 82 
 
INDEX 135 
 
 P.YGR. Si<:c. OPN. 
 
 district institutes ........................................ 61 .13 .... 
 
 pay for attending district institutes ..................... ... 61 .13 .... 
 
 pay for attending county institutes ......................... 43 30 .... 
 
 IRREIn'[BLE SCHOOL FUND 
 
 Permanent School Fund.) 
 
 JUSTICES 
 
 to remit fines to sheriffs .................................. 17 1<u/ .... 
 
 KEYSER PREPARATORY BRANCH 
 
 Preparatory Branch of the University.) 
 
 KINDERGARTEN SCHOOLS 
 may be established 
 teachers in 
 
 LANDS FOR S< HuoL PURPOSES 
 
 boards of education to purchase .......................... 40 34 .... 
 
 how to be condemned .................................... 48 36 93 
 
 how may be sold ........................................ 46 33 86 
 
 exempt from taxes ........................................ 48 37 .... 
 
 exempt from execution or other process .................... 48 37 .... 
 
 LEGISLATURE 
 
 shall encourage moral and educational improvement ........ 7 12 .... 
 
 must make suitable provision for whom ................... 7 12 .... 
 
 LEVY 
 
 for joint high school ..................................... 3"ft 25 ---- 
 
 ballots for question of school levy .......................... 2 .... 
 
 how long to continue after election ........................ 2 .... 
 
 special, may 'be made ....................................... 50 40 100 
 
 for building fund ........................................ 49 38 ---- 
 
 ^ for support of schools .................................... 50 40 .... 
 
 special for indebtedness .................................. 50 40 .... 
 
 necessary to get State fund ................................ 52 42 114 
 
 assessor's certificate, basis of .............................. 52 43 .... 
 
 special elections for .................... . ................. 10 2a ---- 
 
 LIENS 
 
 on real estate for district levies ............................ 59 50 .... 
 
 MAGISTERIAL DISTRICT 
 
 constitutional provision for .............................. 3 27 .... 
 
 to be school districts ..................................... 8 1 ____ 
 
 to be divided into sub-districts ............................... 8 1 .... 
 
 not to receive part of State fund unless levy has been made 52 42 114 
 
 NON-ATTENDANCE 
 
 what constitutes ........................................ 16 1 0a ____ 
 
 fine for ................................................. 16 lOa ____ 
 
 teachers and principals to report .......................... 16 10a .... 
 
 NORMAL SCHOOL 
 
 (See State Normal Schools.) 
 
 OATH OF OFFICE 
 
 required by constitution ................................... .". 5 .... 
 
 time in which to take .................................... 11 5o .... 
 
 secretary of board may administer ................ ........ 14 8 .... 
 
136 INDEX 
 
 OFFICERS PAGE. SEC. OPX. 
 
 may be removed for what 3 6 
 
 subject to indictment for what 4 4 
 
 fine, for, when other penalty is not fixed 75 59 .... 
 
 truant 1 1 Ua 
 
 ORDER OF BUSINESS 
 
 for meeting of board of education 100, 110 
 
 PERMANENT SCHOOL FUND 
 
 constitutional provision relating to 
 
 report of condition of, to be made to State superintendent.. 7> 08 .... 
 
 board of, of whom composed 7 > 09 .... 
 
 Auditor to ascertain what sums have accrued 
 
 how to be invested 77.79 73 .... 
 
 stocks transferred to 77 73r/ .... 
 
 PREPARATORY BRANCH OF THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 (At Montgomery-) 
 
 appropriations for and regents of 1 02 ... 
 
 power of regents, property, and general provisions H3 
 
 (At Keyser.) 
 
 name 1 on 
 
 appropriations for .' . I'M! 
 
 board of regents, etc 1 ><>. 1 07 .... 
 
 PRESIDENT OF BOARD OF EDUCATION 
 
 when elected, length of term and commencement 
 
 to sign orders upon the sheriff 12 .... 
 
 vacancy in office, how filled 11 5 
 
 to elect board of examiners 32 27 57. 63 
 
 to visit school houses and make report 45 
 
 to fill vacancy in office of county superintendent 02 53 
 
 cannot be a member of the board of exaTniners 33 . . 64 
 
 to sign list of books needed 08 58 .... 
 
 PRIMARY .SCHOOLS 
 
 branches to be tanght in 
 
 PROFESSIONAL STUDY, COURSE OF 
 
 (See course of professional study.) 
 
 PROSECUTING ATTORNEY 
 
 duty in case sheriff fails to make settlement 00 52 
 
 to instruct boards of education 48 30 93 
 
 PUBLISHERS 
 
 who fail to fulfill contract 07 58 
 
 to give bond on county contract OS 58 .... 
 
 to send books promptly 
 
 to make out two bills of books 60. 72 58 .... 
 
 PUPILS 
 
 must attend school twenty weeks 1 6 1 Oa .... 
 
 to replace free books injured or destroyed by them 72 5SZ> .... 
 
 legal age of 16 10 
 
 may be expelled or suspended 20 13 .... 
 
 pay 10 10 . 
 
 QUORUM 
 
 of trustees _. 
 
 of school book board - 65 58 .... 
 
INDEX 
 
 137 
 
 REGENTS 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 of the University ; when and how appointed 79 78 .... 
 
 expenses of University regents 82 84 .... 
 
 of State Normal School 84 87 .... 
 
 of the Preparatory Branch of the University at Montgomery 103 98 .... 
 
 of Keyser Preparatory Branch of the University 106 
 
 of West Virginia Colored Institute 95 98b .... 
 
 of West Virginia Schools for Deaf and Blind 89 98a 
 
 of Bluefield Colored Institute 104 98 
 
 of West Virginia Reform School 97 98c .... 
 
 REGISTERS 
 
 term and daily 42 30 
 
 to be returned 42 30 .... 
 
 penalty for failure to return *42 30 .... 
 
 relationship exclusion laws 20 13 .... 
 
 REPORTS 
 
 trustees' 26 20 
 
 secretary's 26 21 .... 
 
 county superintendent's, of enumeration '. . . . 26 19 47 
 
 county superintendent's, to State Superintendent 28 22 46 
 
 of principals of normal school 87 95 .... 
 
 of teachers and principal, of truants 17 10a .... 
 
 of^ institute 43 30 
 
 SALARY 
 
 of teachers fixed by board of education 12 6 .... 
 
 to be fixed according to grade of certificate 12 6 .... 
 
 minimum to be paid teachers 12 6 .... 
 
 of truant officers 17 10a .... 
 
 institute instructors 43 30 .... 
 
 SCHOOL AGE 
 
 and who may have school privifeges .16 10 .... 
 
 SCHOOL BOOK BOARD 
 
 county, general provisions in regard to 64 58 
 
 members of. how appointed. &c 65 58 .... 
 
 quorum of county 65 58 .... 
 
 first meeting of, when 65 58 .... 
 
 to secure terms and fix retail price 66 58 .... 
 
 not to change more than one book or series in one year except 67 58 .... 
 
 to meet three months before county contract expires 66 58 .... 
 
 not to change more than one book or series in one year except 
 
 dealers to get same prices as boards 67 58 .... 
 
 SCHOOLS 
 
 may be discontinued, when . 20 13 .... 
 
 separate for colored pupils 24 17 .... 
 
 SCHOOL FUND 
 
 (See Permanent school fund and General school fund.) 
 
 SCHOOL HOUSES 
 
 to be provided by board of education 46 34 .... 
 
 how to be located 46 34 90, 91 
 
 for union schools : how provided 46 34 87 
 
 plan to be approved by county superintendent 47 3n .... 
 
 how sold at public auction - 46 33 86 
 
 proceeds of sale of school property 46 33 .... 
 
 how school property may be reconveyed to grantor 46 33 .... 
 
 title to property, on which are located 41 34 88 
 
138 INDEX 
 
 SCHOOL MONTH PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 to consist of twenty days not including Saturday * 42 . 30 .... 
 
 SCHOOL OFFICERS 
 
 teachers are 14 .. 12 
 
 not to act as agents 64 57 120 
 
 not to act as agents . 68 58 .... 
 
 SCHOOL TERM 
 
 increase in length of 9 2 .... 
 
 increase in length of ./ 10 2G .... 
 
 minimum length of 50 40 100 
 
 SCHOOL YEAR 
 
 to commence and to end ; when 28 23 .... 
 
 all settlements to be made with respect to 28 23 48, 50 
 
 calendar of 126 
 
 SECRETARY OF BOARD OF EDUCATION 
 
 appointment of 13 8 .... 
 
 to give notice of special election 9 2 .... 
 
 to sign orders on sheriff 32 6 .... 
 
 official records to be kept by 13 8 .... 
 
 to be custodian of records for the board 13 8 .... 
 
 to publish abstracts of proceedings ; when 13 8 .... 
 
 to certify value of property, rate and amount of levy........ 27 21 45 
 
 to keep record of enumeration and to certify to 25 19 40 
 
 to make report of colored schools 26 20 .... 
 
 to file teachers' term register 42 30 76 
 
 to publish statement when expenditures equal $3,000 54 45 106 
 
 compensation of . . . 14 8 .... 
 
 secretary's remuneration for report 27 21 116 
 
 no additional compensation 55 . . 108 
 
 report of, to county superintendent 27 21 .... 
 
 to sign depositary's list of books and send to publishers 68 58 ' . . . . 
 
 to" have charge of free text books and deliver same to teachers 72 58b .... 
 
 remuneration for handling free text books 72 58& .... 
 
 SECRETARY OF COUNTY SCHOOL BOOK BOARD 
 
 county superintendent to be 64 58 .... 
 
 to keep record of business 65 58 .... 
 
 to keep record of votes 65 58 .... 
 
 to report to State Superintendent 66 58 
 
 to furnish State Superintendent with names of publishers .... 67 58 .... 
 
 SHERIFF 
 
 to receive, collect and disburse school moneys 55 46109,110 
 
 required to give special bond ; when 55 46 .... 
 
 to collect levies of board of education 53 44 .... 
 
 to pay teachers monthly 42 30 .... 
 
 to serve notice on members of board of education 9 2 .... 
 
 annual settlement of, with county court 6 7 .... 
 
 to keep account with the several boards of education 55 46 .... 
 
 settlement of, with board of education 55 46 108 
 
 to be credited with delinquent taxes 56 46 
 
 to be credited with all vouchers in hand 56 46 
 
 not to receive pay for disbursing State school fund 56 46 
 
 commission of, for receiving and disbursing railroad taxes. ... 56 46 .... 
 
 judgment against, may be obtained ; how 56 46 .... 
 
 may be required to endorse school order 57 46 .... 
 
 to return delinquent lists 58 47 
 
INDEX 139 
 
 PAGE. SKC. OrN. 
 
 form of oath of, to delinquent lists 5S 47 .... 
 
 to receive delinquent list of personal property 5!) 51 .... 
 
 commission of, for collecting district levies .'.it 52 .... 
 
 liable if he refuse to pay orders 70 58 .... 
 
 to make annual settlement with county court . . 52 .... 
 
 duty of, on making final settlement 60 52 .... 
 
 to give duplicate receipts to depositaries 69 58 .... 
 
 to receive portion of general school fund 74 62 .... 
 
 truant officers to report to 17 10o .... 
 
 STATE P.oAIJD OF EXAMINERS 
 
 of whom to consist : how appointed and term 40 29a .... 
 
 meetings and stated examinations 40 i!V? . . . . 
 
 vacancies, how filled 40 29a .... 
 
 compensation and traveling expenses of members of 41 29a .... 
 
 certified account of, to State Superintendent of Free Schools. . 4.1 20 .... 
 
 record of proceedings of 41 29a .... 
 
 STATE CERTIFICATES 
 
 classes of, to whom issued *. 40 29a 74 
 
 how issued to graduates 40 29a 74 
 
 to be countersigned by State Superintendent 41 29a .... 
 
 valid in any school district 41 29o .... 
 
 fees for 41 29a 
 
 STATE NORMAL SCHOOL AND ITS BRANCHES 
 
 establishment of 84 87 .... 
 
 regents of, how appointed ; duties 84 87 
 
 executive committee of, how appointed ; duties 86 89 .... 
 
 branch of, at Fairmont, established 86 90 .... 
 
 branch of, at West Liberty, established 86 91 .... 
 
 branch of, at Glenville, established 86 92 
 
 branch of. at Shepherdstown, established 87 93 
 
 branch of, at Concord, established 87 94 .... 
 
 reports of principals of, to president of regents . 87 95 
 
 students admitted, &c 88, 96,97 126 
 
 no more appropriations for establishing new branches of.... 7 11 .... 
 
 unearned portion of appropriation for 88 07 .... 
 
 dealing with students of 88, 99 98 .... 
 
 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF FREE SCHOOLS 
 
 constitutional provisions relating to 5 - 2 .... 
 
 qualifications of 74 63 .... 
 
 expenses, limit of 5, 74 2. 63 .... 
 
 to have general regulation and control of uniform examina- 
 tions 35 28a .... 
 
 may revoke certificates 36 28a .... 
 
 to prescribe manual and graded course of study 17 11 .... 
 
 to prescribe and furnish blanks for taking enumeration 26 19 .... 
 
 to countersign State certificates 41 29a .... 
 
 to prescribe form of registers 42 30 .... 
 
 to fix place of holding institutes 43 30 
 
 to employ institute instructors 43 30 
 
 to prescribe graded course of institute work 43 30 .... 
 
 to draw warrant upon Auditor for courfty superintendents' 
 
 salary / 55 53 
 
 to ascertain amounts of general school fund by counties 73 61 .... 
 
 salary of ; how paid 74 63 
 
140 INDEX 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 office of, to be kept at seat of government 75 64 .... 
 
 to sign requisitions on Auditor 75 <>4 .... 
 
 to have supervision of county superintendents 75 65 .... 
 
 to prescribe and prepare all forms and blanks 75 65 .... 
 
 to publish and distribute school laws 75 65 .... 
 
 to correspond with educators and school officers 76 66 .... 
 
 to make report to the Governor 76 67 .... 
 
 a member of the board of the school fund 76 60 .... 
 
 member of board of regents Bluefield Colored Institute 05 OSfr .... 
 
 member of board of regents of State Normal *4 St~ .... 
 
 member of board of regents Montgomery Branch of W. Va. 
 
 University '. 103 
 
 member board of regents Keyser Branch W. Va. University. . . 106 
 
 to prepare diplomas for the normal schools S5 ss .... 
 
 to notify county superintendents of failure of publishers.... 67 080 .... 
 
 STATE TAX 
 
 (See Taxation.) 
 
 STUDENTS 
 
 giving credit to, prohibited 88 08 .... 
 
 SUB-DISTRICTS 
 
 change in 14 .... 
 
 appeal from decision of board regarding boundaries of 15 .... 
 
 TAX 
 
 capitation, how appropriated 4 2 .... 
 
 capitation, exemption from 
 
 State, rate of 72 60 ... 
 
 school orders to be received in payment of 57 . . Ill 
 
 TAXATION 
 
 maximum rate of, by county 
 
 power of legislature in 4 5 .... 
 
 TEACHERS 
 
 schools must be provided with 15 10 .... 
 
 required to pass examination in certain branches 36,30 28a.20 
 
 form of contract between trustees and 115 
 
 may be removed for what 20 13 .... 
 
 how to be paid . : 42 30 81 
 
 to keep daily register 42 30 
 
 to keep term register 42 30 76 
 
 to make monthly reports to secretary of board 42 30 76 
 
 to take enumeration of school youth 25 10 .... 
 
 charged with duty of msral training 45 32 .... 
 
 exempt from certain duties 25 10 
 
 exempt, from institute attendance, when 
 
 to be examined in physiology and hygiene 18 lla ... 
 
 are school officers 14 8 11 
 
 substitutes for 35 28 63 
 
 not to act as agents 64 57 120 
 
 liable for using imauthorized text-books 71 58 .... 
 
 failing to attend institute not to be employed or examined. ... 45 30 83 
 
 colored, training of 88 06 
 
 fine for violation of law by, when other penalty is not fixed. . 72 50 . . . . 
 
INDEX 
 
 141 
 
 penalty for failing to attend institute, 
 
 pay for attending institute 
 
 pay for attending district institute. . . 
 to display flag 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 44 30 82 
 
 48 30 
 
 1 53 
 
 108 
 
 TEACHER'S CERTIFICATE 
 
 (See (Vi-tifieatos.) 
 
 TEACHER'S CONTRACT 
 
 form of, to l>e furnished by State Superintendent. 2<'> 13 .... 
 
 with whom to be filed 20 13 .... 
 
 certain persons excluded from contracting 20 13 30 
 
 TEACHERS FUND 
 
 annual levy for 50 40 .... 
 
 maximum rate of levy for ">" 40 100 
 
 used only to pay teachers salary 50 40 103 
 
 board compelled to lay levy for . 50 40 .... 
 
 special levy for, when to be made 50 40 100,103 
 
 TEACHERS' INSTI'lTTE 
 iSc' Institute.) 
 
 TERM, SCHOOL 
 
 increase in length of 9 2 .... 
 
 increase in length of 10 2a ^. . . 
 
 minimum length of 50 40 100 
 
 trustees may order to begin any month 52 41 .... 
 
 TEXT BOOKS 
 
 free, by board ef education 71 58b .... 
 
 provisions of county adoption law for 68 58 .... 
 
 an optional text book 108 
 
 teacher liable for using unauthorized 71 58 .... 
 
 TITLE 
 
 to joint property I 46 34 
 
 to lands donated 48 37 a .... 
 
 TRANSFER OF PUPILS 
 
 can be made ; when 19 12 .... 
 
 for what reason 10 . . 23-26 
 
 TRUSTEES 
 
 time in which to qualify 11 5a 5 
 
 when appointed and length of term 11 4 .... 
 
 quorum of 23 16 .... 
 
 to be under supervision and control of board of education. ... 19 12 .... 
 
 action of. subject to revision by board, when 19 12 .... 
 
 removal of, from office, how 20 13 .... 
 
 vacancies in office, how filled 11 5 .... 
 
 have charge of school 19 13 .... 
 
 may remove teacher for what 20 13 .... 
 
 cannot change teacher's salary as fixed 12 6 .... 
 
 may exclude whom from school 19 13 .... 
 
 may suspend or expel pupils for what 20 13 .... 
 
 action of expulsion may be reviewed by board of education. . . 20 13 .... 
 
 may discontinue school, when 20 
 
 to risit schools under their charge; when 21 14 31 
 
 duties of, when visiting schools 21 14 32 
 
142 
 
 INDEX 
 
 PAGE. SEC. OPN. 
 
 to offer suggestions to teachers 21 14 .... 
 
 duty of, regarding school houses 22 15 .... 
 
 may sue in name of board of education 22 15 .... 
 
 may permit school houses to be used for what 22 15 33-37 
 
 to furnish boards of education with estimate of improvements 22 15 .... 
 
 to keep account of all expenses incured by them 23 16 38 
 
 may purchase what 23 16 38 
 
 how bills contracted by, are to be paid 23 16 
 
 to establish colored schools ; when 24 17 39 
 
 to keep ' flags on. schoolhouses 108 
 
 to make report to secretary of board of education 26 20 42 
 
 not to employ a teacher who has not attended institute 38 30 8^ 
 
 to see that school houses are kept clean and fires made 45 32 85 
 
 not to be interested in contracts 46 34 .... 
 
 may order schools to begin any month 52 41 .... 
 
 not to act as agents 64 57 120 
 
 TUITION 
 
 tuition pupils ! . 16 10 
 
 rate of, to whom paid and how applied 16 10 19 
 
 of transfer pupils 19 12 23-26 
 
 UNION SCHOOLS 
 
 how established 46 34 87 
 
 title to property of, how vested 46 34 .... 
 
 colored 24 17 .... 
 
 UNIVERSITY, THE WEST VIRGINIA 
 
 establishment and name of 79 76,77 .... 
 
 the board of regents of, duties 79 78 .... 
 
 graduation of students 82 85 .... 
 
 general regulations pertaining to 80 80 .... 
 
 departments in, how established 80 79 .... 
 
 preparatory department of, may be established 81 81 .... 
 
 cadets, how admitted to 81 82 
 
 endowment fund of, how invested 82 86 .... 
 
 VACANCIES 
 
 in office of trustee, how filled 11 5 .... 
 
 in board of education ; how filled 11 5 2 
 
 in office of county superintendent, how filled 10, 62 53 
 
 in board of examiners 32 27 .... 
 
 in State board of examiners 40 29a .... 
 
 in county school book board 65 58 .... 
 
 in board of regents of University 80 78 .... 
 
 in board of regents of Schools for Deaf and Blind 90 98a 
 
 in board of directors of Reform School 97 98c .... 
 
 in office of president of board 10 .. 2 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA REFORM SCHOOL 
 
 establishment and object of 97 98c 
 
 how inmates are admitted to 98 98c .... 
 
 board of directors of 97 98c .... 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA COLORED INSTITUTE 
 
 how and under what provisions established 93 9Sb .... 
 
 name and location of 95 98b .... 
 
 board of regents of 95 98b 
 
 buildings and appropriations for 97 983 .... 
 
INDEX 143 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA SCHOOLS* FOR DKAF AND BLIND . OPN. 
 
 name of 80 98a .... 
 
 board of regents of 89 98 .... 
 
 duties of principal of 00 08a .... 
 
 general regulations and provisions for 01 -93 98a .... 
 
 duties of county officers in respect to 93 98a .... 
 
 WHEELING, CITY OF 
 
 free schools of. not affected by general law 78 75 .... 
 
 superintendent of, qualifications of 7* 75 141 
 
 YEAR 
 
 (See School Year.) 
 (See also Calendar.) 
 
NOTE. Line 6 from the bottom page 20 should read : "month has been less than 
 thirty-five per cent, of the" 
 
VC 06580 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CAUFORNIA LIBRARY